7 \ < Lm wo) — ao i EH - — co — = posses, aa 2 > =~ = = = Roe: A j= = BULLETIN OF MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION. 1908. LONDON: PRI oe FOR HIS MAJESTY’S STATION ent _ DARLING & SON, Lrp., 34-40, Bacon And to be np egree. either directly or through any pe from YMAN anv SONS, Lrp., Ferrer Lang, E.C. ; OLIVER & BOYD, 'T WEEDDALE Court, Eorasusie : ee, ar E. PONSONBY, 116, GraFTON STREET, DUBLIN. 1908. Price Four Shillings and Sixpence, hg. Bot. Garcen 1909 CONTENTS. No, Article. Subject. Page 1 I. Fungi Exotici 1 ie AE The Fruit ry pine eapitata) .. sa 6 fe Il, Decades Kewenses: XLV.-XLVI. ... ree ll 7 IV. Australian ae 21 = te The Prickly-fruited Species of f Huonymus.. “ 29 = MA, Yeheb b CCirdeanaa ~_ ak Bs 36 a VAIL. Miscellaneous Note: 45 2 VITt. Museum Preparatio ons.. 49 a IX, Diagnoses Africanae : XXL 52 4 x. Jequié Manicoba and. a Allies (with map) 59 ‘ XI, New Orchids : Dee 68 ‘“ XM. he Appearance of (aienes sinuosa in Bri (with 73 . XIiT Patchouli (Pogostemon Patchouli, var. i. suavis) 78 ” IV, Miscellaneous Notes (with figs ) 82 3 4 F The New Zealand Species of TRG datos 97 : XVI. Banana Cultivation in Egypt eer 9 XVIt Decades Kewenses : XLVII—-XLVIII. 105 = XVUI he Localities of Cuming’s Philippine Plants| 116 a XIX, Additions ate ae Wild Fauna and Flora of the R pies Botanic Gardens, Kew: VII. Se eo. beak dae » xX, Mocstiinens Notes (with fig.) es pedicelli ad ; - longi. Sepala 2 mm. long vix ciliolata. Petala anguste obovato-cune es, dum pilis perpaucis basin versus ¢ 2 mm. longa tubo Leeviasinn 5 » Majora paulo ultra rs spersa : Styli 5, graciles, 3 mm. longi. i ISLANDS. Probably New Geor ia, Officers of H.M.S. 447. Sageretia Henryi J.R. Di . Senge . . TU a - 5 habi bt simi is & petra seme — et Sprague [Rhamnaceae] ; ateralibus pro rata paucioribus rhachi j i i ét floribus pedicollake ratte chi inflorescentiae glabriuscula scandens, —Internodia longiora 2-5 em. longa, rna oblongo-lanceolata vel lanceolata, em. longa, 2-3-5 em. lata, minora, supra nitidula exsiccando sub- ridula, nervis supra leviter *-10mm, longi. Stipulae 15 subulatae 1~-1°5 mm. longae. Thyrsi simplices, sai 3-7 cm, longi, in axillis superioribus geminati, rarius yet rhachi minute puberula ; cymulae sessiles, 1-5- florae ee. & 10 m ie se distantes ; pedicelli L 59 mm, longi. Calycis lobi ovato-deltoidel, 15 mm. : 2 ; a7 A 3-loculare. Drupae immaturae obovoideae, 5 mm. longae, rubrae (fide Henry), pyrenas 3 includentes, quarum 1 minore abortiv CHINA. Yunnan; ied on a wooded cliff, at about 1 ‘eOiis Henry, 11240, Szechua N. Wushan, Henry, 7118 ; Mount Omi, 300 m., Rabie 143. ’ Hupeh ; Henry, 5340. 448, tie gracilis, J. Rk. Drumm. et Sprague [Rhamnaceae]}; affinis 8. parviflorae, G. Don, a qua fl oribus majoribus magis recedit ; ab S. a bi Brongn., olim ab auctoribus cum SS, parviflora confus Arar ampliore glabriuscula ramis elongatis gracilibus facile distinguit Frutex vagans vel ee Internodia oo 1-5 cm. longa. Folia ovata usque lanceolata, saepius breviter acuminata, obtusa vel acuta, nervo medio = apiculum excurrente, basi obtusa vel crate 4% cm. longa, 2-3 ¢ m. lata, eee nitidula exsiccando 5 mm. inter se et Bectbud: cen ioe Calyer lobi. ovati wa triangulari-ovati, 1:3-1'5 mm. longi, basi — 0°83 mm. lati. pioie alba (fide Henry), eee er 0'8 mm. longa, quam stamina reviora, Stamina calycis lobis breviora : eee ap ee sass m 2-3-loculare. Deus rubrae (fide Henry), 6-7 m ongae, pyrenis 2 vel 3, quar am = minore erve, abligas pra a mm. longis, 4-5 mm, nnan; Mengtze, in ee 1400-1600 m., Henry, olds. 10144 (lower), 1014 & 10144 A (fruit). 449. ao compacta, J... Drumm.et i thes bth Speman 5 peraffinis S. gracili, nob., a qua foliis anguste lanceolatis, panicul COaeUTSEN pluries minore, floribus versus Fa rammatorani compactis, staminibus sepala aequantibus differt Internodia longiora 0°6-1°5 em. ye ee Folia tacos paring acuta, vel obtusa ee oe obtu Lb rigeelie ta, 4-7°9 cm. longa, 1°7-2°4 cm. lata, supra itidula ¢ ceando “babe atanea crebre feticdlata, subtus yindit: ediettattolie “Et anifes ervis lateralibus gone y nervo medio supra leviter bap ten sbiue prominente ; petioli 4-7 mm.longi, Stipulae subulatae, 1-5-2 mm longae. Panicula sae lealin 9 cm. longa, rhachi minute puberula ; : rami primarii patuli, 1-t cm. longi, inferiores ramos secundarios 2 16 in parte inferiore gerentes; cymulae sessiles versus apices ramorum dense aggregatae, floribus sessilibus. Calycis lobi triangulari-ovati, tandem leviter detlexi, 1°5-1°75 mm. longi, basi 1-13 mm. lati. Petala 15 mm. longa, quam stamina breviora. Stamina calycis lobos aequantes. Ovariwm 2-loculare. Drupae sae. haud vi CuIna. Yunnan; Ducloux, 601. 450. Acer Tutcheri, Duthie [Aceraceae] ; species A. Campbellii affinis, sed foliis 3-sub-5-lobis, magis coriaceis et panicula breviore differt. Arbor parva, cortice ramulorum bruneo-purpureo. Folia 3d-raro sub-5-lobis, 6-7 em, longa, 8-11 cm. lata, praeter venarum primariarum axillas omnino glabra, basi rotundato-truncata ve] aperte cordata, subintegra, lobis triangularibus, acutis vel ongae. Flores cum foliis coetanei, 4-meri. Sepala 25 mm. longa, oblonga, obtusa. Petala 15 mm. longa, obovata. Ovarium dense albo-pilosum. Samarae 2 em. longae, angulo obtusissimo divergentes, CHINA. Kwantung > Lantas Island, W. J. Tutcher, The discovery of this new maple is not only of great interest in one collected by Haviland in Borneo and the other collected by Harmand in Annam, All ee have undivided laurel-like hra Dun. 451, Astilbe virescens, Hutchinson [Saxifragaceae-Saxifrageae] ; - rivulari, Ham., affinis, sed foliolis glabrig marginibus crenatig et staminibus 10 differt, Folium biternatum, rhachi primaria supra levisissime canali- culata, rhachi secundaria basi pilis longis praedita ; petiolulo te ; longo, petiolulis lateralibus 1-5 em, longis ; cre glabra; venae utringue 5-6, Panicula Tamosissima, pyramidata, ramis divaricatig glandulogo- pubescentibus; bracteae lanceolatae, membranaceae, bracteolig parvis. Flores hermaphroditi, parvi, pedicellati, Sepala 5 elliptica, 2 mm. longa, 1 mm. lata, viridia, glabra, supra concayva, apice rage os ia Petala nulla. Stamina 10, filamentis gracilious 4 mm. longis glabris; antherae arvae, rotundatae, Carpella 2, glabra, infra medium connata, . mi CHINA. Without precise locality. bed from a living specimen communicated by Megsrg James Veitch & Sons, who raised it from seedg collected by Mr. KE, H, Wilson, 17 ~The flowers of ‘this specie aro of a pale green colour, and are very sweet-scen ted. . 452. Passiflora 6 Desaloba-Polyantiea) altebilobata, Homst. Passiflora a inter species sinen P, Franchetiana emsl., pro a qua parvitate, foliis aie auoidiuts bilobatis sae “ininerviis, fructu minore et seminibus leviter — jee ee vel herba scandens, parva, pubescens, ramis floriferis gracillimis ; internodia foliis breviora. Folia petiolata, tenuia, glabrescentia, ambitu ovata, bari onatiy 2-9 em. Piet ultra os ; up breviora, ‘iteeicen dimidio serine Corona interior mes globosus, glaber, 1-12 cm. diametro, gynophoro circiter 5 mm longo. Semina lentioularia, cireiter 4 mm. diametro, leviter Osa, ‘CHINA. Yunnan; Szemao, at 1200-1500 m., owe, gehel. 453. Passifiora (§ Decaloba-Polyanithes) Wilsoni, Hemsl Passi. floraceae] ; species ex affinitate P. cupuliformis, Mast. et P. Henry Yt, ems], ; hae aec foliis basi rotundatis lobis acuminatis et floribus oy ene glabris, illa foliis arcuato-truncatis et floribus cymosis differ Fr ee glaber, alte scandens ramis Sensi gracilibus gutontiag : internodia quam folia breviora. Folia petiolata, tenuia, basi late. rican apes truncato-trilobata, lobo Et peaelio fere obsoleto, | metro, latiora quam longa, utrinque 3—nervia, subtus pailidiora ; Tobi laterales acuminati ; ; petioli graciles, eglandulosi, ngi. Cirrhi simplices, serene usque ad 15 cm. longi. vA Ae ‘circiter 3 em. diam etro, cymosi, graciliter pedicellati ; cymae saepius in a axillis binae, abies ad 9-+florae, petiolos Mis eae Bracteolae minutae. Sepala et petala similia, ovato-oblonga, Siteiaeen ila. Corona Vauctaie duplex ; filamenta pecs filiformia, quam petala tertia parte; breviora, interiora exterioribus circiter dimidio breviora. Corona interior erecta, multiplicata. Discus cupuliformis. Ovarium glabrum, globosam, gynophora petalis breviore. Fructus ignotus. CHINA. Yunnan; Szemao, at 1500 m., Henry y, L791 Dr. Henry’s 9820 from Mengtze-is probably a barren _ branch : of this species. 454, Senecio homogyniphylla, Cummins [Compositae-Sene- cionideae | ; species habitu Ho omogynem eae Cass., quam _ xime referens, nulli speciei Senecionis manifeste ste aflinis, . phyllorum apicibus herbaceis et pappi aheensie distincta, 30728 B 18 Herba scapigera. Rhizoma fibris pilisque vestitum. Folia longe petiolata, reniformia, marginibus leviter repando- dentata, 2-3 cm. longa, 2°2—-4 cm. lata, palmatim 8-nervia, nervis primariis in mucronem minutum excurrentibus, lamina utrinque —— pilosa, infra saepe purpureo-variegata ; petiolus 2- 2°5 cm. longus fulvo-villosus, imprimis basin versus. Scapus 1-cephalus, 16-24 em. longus, tenuis, sulcatus, sparse pilosus, bracteis 1-—pluri- sedate petra Capitula flava, 2cm. diametro ; involucrum labru medium co nstrictum, phyliis 7-10 imbricatis, Siiaribit baw ‘oblongo-linearibus subacutis, interioribus ellipticis obtusis, omnibus infra medium dorso incrassatis ochraceis, supra harbicsie viridibus sutitiradeantbas, Flores lutei, radit feminei, ligulati ; disci hermaphroditi, corollis tubulosis campanulatis 5 fidis segmentis recurvatis. Styli rami recurvati, abe penicillati. Achenia ovato-oblonga, glabra, 2 mm. _ longa, epapposa. lines CHINA. On rocks, without precise locality, Wilson, 455. Senecio eriopoda, Cummins [Compositae-Senecionideae | ; species scapigera foliis ovato-cordatis, novellis uti scapo inferiore densissime villogo-lanatis, petiolus 5-22 cm. longus. , pilusus. tai ooaie fi ‘Hhextowda. 36 cm. ongus, iiauane ad vel infra medium ramum corymbuliferum i 2-5 em. lati, pedunculi 3-4 ngl b circiter 2 cm. longae. Capiiula 2 mm. longus; lobi ovati, acuminati, 45 mm. longi, 2:25-3 mm. lati. Corolla pallide cinnabarina ; tubus 2°5-3 em. longus, fere cylin- dricus, basi artnulatim inflatus, superne leviter ventricosus, extra densiuscule pubescens; limbus 1:5 em. latus; lobi patuli, transverse elliptici, inferiores rubro-maculati 7-8 mm. lati, - mm. longi, superiores minores baud maculati. Disci glandulae omnes evolutae, circiter 1 mm. altae, duae posticae in ephippium basi 4 mm., apice 2-5 mm. laterales et antica liberae. Ovai bus densiuscule pubescens,-stylo circiter 2 cm. longo glanduloso- puberulo, stigmate albo-papilloso ; placentae bilaminata BRAZIL. Raised from sced received in 1906 from the Botanic Garden, Sio Paulo. C. macropod. Fritsch, although it differs from the was regarded by Hanstein (in Martius applied by Linnaeus, and in for a new genus of his own “Full reasons for the adoption of the name Oorytholoma, in preference to Rechsteinera, are given by Fritsch in “Bih. Svensk. Vet. Akad. Handl., vol, xXiv., No. 5, p. 20, . B. violaceae Place tora, Stapf [Acanthaceae]; affinis nie-obovatis pice rotunda, “a iait angustioribug, brates i un rolli ‘ limbo minore distincta, 8, corollis tubo multo angustiore 21 Herba perennis, dichotome ramosa; caulis ramique praeter Hanae duas tenues pubescentes glabri, ad nodos s paulo incrassati. belay poe: vel ie ap os Soap oblonga vel cubiaeeele: utrinque acuta, integra, 3-7 cm. lon - em, lata, supra obscure viridia i in sicco "esetolithia dumeniaiatae albo-striolulata, ae gies sireaais rapes sparse pilosula, subtus pallidiora, nervis laxe pubescentia, nervis tenuibus; petioli tenues, earn Gieionterem -10 mm. longi, summorum multo breviores. Eoemaiae terminales et ex foliorum summorum axillis, sub anthesi capituliformes, deinde elongatae, densae ; bracteae late onan apice rotunda atae, basi cuneatim attenuatae, ad 6 mm. | _8 mm. longae, atae, supra sparse pilosae, subtus dense inute Stace yiiisntoniak circumci longe ciliatae ; bracteolae obianceolatae, bracteis fere aequilongae, indumento mili ind ad basin 5-partitus, segmentis lineari- lanceolatis acutis 5 . longis apice tantum weenie marginibus anguste byalinis. Corolla extus puberula, tu angusto albi m. longo, limbo parpureo-violaceo labium superum 4-5 mm. longum, minute bilobum; labium inferum 6-7 mm. longum, profunde 3-lobum, lobis divaricatis, lateralibus quam intermedio paulo angustioribus, hoc in maculo albo-pinnato ornato. Antherae ad medium labii superioris adscendentes, albae, connectivo inetietiald, thecis inaequaliter affixis, inferiore basi. acuta. Stigma breviter 2-lobum. Capsula clavata, mucronato-acuta, 8 mm. longa, medio in stipitem ae. culum contracta. Semina 4, discoidea, minute granulosa, fusca, 15-1'7 mm. diametro. Radicula \eviter curvata, cotyledonibus apposita. TROPICAL AMERICA. Locality unknown. Raised at Kew from seed received from the Jardin des Plantes, Paris, in 1903. IV.—AUSTRALIAN GRASSES. Mr. Fred. Turner, F.L.S., has contributed several interesting articles on Australian plants of economic interest to the Sydney Morning Herald during the past year. With the object of making them more generally known, two of them, dealing with the native grasses of Australia, are reprinted here by kind ‘permission of the proprietors of the Herald (Sir James Fairfax and Sons). The first article was rere on May 28th and the second in the issue of June 13th, 19 AUSTRALIAN GRASSES.—I. Ree very of Native Pastures.—Before the breaking of the last aac drought several pastoralists, with much experience of the western en expressed to me their fears that many of the indigenous grasses had disappeared for ever, and that the grazing areas would in notiequsas ce always remain in an indifferent condi- tion, as any plants that survived pays ape dry weather ould never recover sufficiently to provide val b. herbage for stock, That was me een given about much of the 22 ordinary class of pastoral country, whereas the areas from which the loose surface soil had be y wind storms were regarded as irreclaimable “miniature Saharas,” as it was asserted 0 seeds had been removed with and judicious grazing, eventually produce valuable pasture herbage, which would Support millions of sheep and other herbivora. My ideas were considered too optimistic then, when it was the fashion to indulge in so much pessimistic talk. A short time after the breaking of the drought I was botanising in the western country, and saw, as I had previously predicted, millions of acres covered with beautiful verdure that gladdened the heart of the stock-owner. On. those at one time almost grass which he had never before seen growing on his station during the fourteen years he had been in possession ; and several hee : K-owners in various parts of the West gavé similar info. i germinated, and o mm. long. ASSAM. Mishmi Mountains, Lai Pani, Griffith, 1975. 5. E. Hemsleyanus, Loes. in Engl. Jahrb., vol. xxx., p. 460 (1902). A shrub, rather over 1 m. high. Leaves obovate, elliptic or elliptic-oblong, rounded, obtuse or very shortly gibi. 20-6 cm. long, 1°5-3 em. ’proad ; lateral veins oblique, easily see in the dried state ; petioles 3-7 mm. long. Peduncle 5-7 sil: n in t e dried state, rather over 1 cm. across, including the prickles ; prickles 3-4 mm, long, shru ‘ovate, acuminate, 4- 9 em. long, 1°5-4 do; YUNNAN. Mengize, 1350 m., Henry, 9120 ; in crevices of rocks on mountain flanks in the Mengtze plain, Hancock, 4 6. E. scanthooarpus, Franch, Pl. Delav. (1889), p. 129 ; Loes. in Engl. Jahrb., vol. xxx., p. 459. A shrub, 3-4 m. fi ms densely tubercled branches. Leaves lanceolate or oblanceolate, more — ovate or obovate, shortly acuminate, 5-12 ¢ ong, 1°5-5 cm. broad ; lateral veins rather oblique, easily an “ the upper aivtace in the dried state, and more or less inconspicuous on the lower; petioles 8-20 mm. long, Peduncle 1-6 cm. long. Cymes twice to five times tackle Corolla about 7 mm. across, greenish-yellow. Capsule about 1 em. across, including the prickles ; prickles 2 mm. long. YUNNAN. On Mt. Che-tcho-tze, above A lode Delavay, 2816 ; ites 8 Mis. 2100 m., Henry, 10544 B, 10304. SZECHUAN. Mt, Omi, Wilson, 3330 A, 1784 A. : Hue Fang, Wilson, 1289; Paokang, Wilson, a 2150 A; Patung district, Henry, 3706 ; Nanto, Henry, 2991. 7. B. subsessilis, Sprague, n. sp. b, 2-25 m. high, Leaves elliptic-oblong, lanceolate or ad; lateral veins rather oblique, anastomosing at a considerable distance from the Capsule brown in the dried state, hardly _¢m, across, including the ieee ; prickles 1-15 mm. long.— E. echinatus, Loes, in Engl. Jahr b., vol. xxx., p. 459, non Wall. oe. Neighbourhood of Ichang, Henry, 3116, 3511, 3511 A, 4784 8. E. echinatus, Wall. in Rox b. Fl. Ind. ed. Carey, vol. ii. (1824), p. 410; Laws. in Hook. f. Fl. Brit, Ind. Duthie, Cat. Pl. a te eed Sa = 2 Peers ‘Suncuvay, Mt. Omi, 1050 m., Faber, 198; Mt. Omi, Wilson, b. Leave elliptic. Solon or lanceolate, less nate, 3°5-8 ¢ m. long, 15-3 em. broad ; or ‘parnlowe anastomosing to form a rather ong. Peduncles y - pe ate once or twice forked. (€ eee : rotate “2 mek doe. across, —— the prickles; pricks ‘SIKKIM. Hooker, NEPAL. Waillich, KuMAon. Bi | os insur Peak, about 2,200 m., Strachey & Winter- “GARHWAL. Herb, Falconer, 361, KasHMIR, Jamu hills, Thomson, 33 Distinguished from the following by the venation of the leaves and the shorter prickles. Both species are represented on the single sheet of Wallich, 4285, in the Linnean Society’s Herbarium; ut P epee description leaves no doubt as to which he had in min E. ae R. Graham in Edinb. N. Phil. Journ., Jan—Mar. 1897: 5 386. A Ai scandent shrub. Leaves ovate, Be lanceolate or elliptic, acutely acuminate, 4-8 em. long, 1°8-3°5 cm. broad; lateral veins forked. Corolla 5 mm. across, yellowish-white. Capsule over : cm. across, including the el prickles 2°5-3°5 mm. long.—ZH. echinatus, Hook. i in Bot. Mag. t. 2767; Laws. in Hook. f. FI, ‘Brit, Ind., vol. i., p. 611, partly, not of Wallich. NEPAL. Wallich. 10. E. actinocarpus, Loes. in Engl. Jahrb., vol. xxx., p. 459 (1902). Leaves one or ses as nee acuminate to the apex, obtuse or rounded at the base, 6-9 cm. long, 2-4 cm. broad, pale green, almost Bisco on ee lower surface ; a oon rather pag the more prominent ones about five a side, sily seen on the upper surface in the dried state, ae ine piabioane 8 on ‘ie lower ; sPeholes 4-6 mm. long. Pedu = ees Ewes 25-3 cm. long in fruit. Cymes three o r tim ked Ficwae 1 not known. Capsule about 1-7 cm. “seta rachnaig the Be ies brown in the dried state; prickles 5 mm. long. Hue Nanto, Henry ry 4399 (quoted by mistake as 4339 in . the sHcinal description 1l. E. angustatus, Sprague, n. sp. Leaves rhomboid-elliptic, oe we the apex, conspicuously cuneate at the base, 5-9 cm. long, 2-4 cm. broad, shining above, dull below; lateral veins stliqurs, "about ais a side, conspicuous on the upper surface i in the dried state, inconspicuous on the lower; petioles 7-12 mm. long. ee narrowly winged, 3-4 cm. vena in fruit. Cymes four or oe times forked. Flowers not kno Capsule over 2 c¢ ross, inclu ging the prickles ; etighile es 7 mim. long, very flattened ede: the base.—#. echinatus, oe in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot., vol. xxiii., p. 119, partly, not of al KOWLOON. Near Tai-mo-shan, Herb. Hongk., 639. CHINA. Without locality or collector’s name Herb. Hook. Wright, 32, from the Liukiu Islands, quoted by Hemsley lL.c may belong to #. angustatus or to an undescribed species allied thereto. The Liukiu specimen is in flower only, an - angustatus is known in fruit only; hence a satisfactory comparison cannot be made. 12. E. aculeatus, Hemsl. in Kew Bull, 1893, p. 209; Loes. in Engl. Jahrb. vol. xxx., p. 459, 30728 ve 3b A large scandent shrub. Leaves elliptic-oblong, obovate-oblong or lanceolate, acuminate to the apex, more or less cuneate at the ase, 6-17 cm. long, 2-6 cm. broad, coriaceous; lateral veins oblique, five to seven on each side of the midrib, more or less inconspicuous on both surfaces ; petioles 1-2 em. long. Peduncle winged, 1-5-5 cm. long. Cymes three to five times forked. Corolla 8-10 mm. a psule immature, 1-3 cm. across, including the prickles; longest prickles about 5 mm. long, tawny, very flattened. HUPEH. South Patung, Henry, 6143 ; W. Hupeh, Wilson, 1284. SZECHUAN. South Wushan, Henry, 5335 A. YUNNAN. Mengize ; S.E. mountains, 1500 m., Henry, 10733. NOVARUM SPECIERUM DESCRIPTIONES, Euonymus contractus, Sprague ; affinis H. Hemsleyano, Loes., a quo venatione foliorum et inflorescentiis contractis subglobosis recedit. : Frutex 06 m. altus. Folia elliptico-oblonga, obtusa, 2-5-4 em. longa, 1-5-2 em. lata, coriacea, venis lateralibus patulis exsiccando -longi. Pedunculi 4-10 mm. longi. ta, contracta, umbelliformia, carnosa, tandem valde convexa. iscus quadratus, 2-2-5 mm. diametro. Filamenta subulata, 25-3 mm. longa; antherae vix ultra 1 mm. diametro. Ovarium verrucosum, ovulis 2 pro loculo stylus quadrangularis, circiter 1 mm. -longus. Capsula ignota. WESTERN CHINA. On cliffs, 1050 m., Wilson, 3327. eee subsessilis, Sprague ; affinis Z. acanthocarpo, Franch. - echinato, Wall.; a priore foliis subsessilibus, a posteriore venatione laxiore, pedunculis crassioribus alatis recedit, Frutex 2-2-5 m. altus. ) m 15-175 mm ue ad 1 em. diamet 1-15 mm. longi. Semi : ro. tied wed ae ma vix 5 mm. onga, i i L Wall. E. echinata, Loes. in Engl. Jah ga, ig arillo omnino 35 4s IOP EH. Neighbourhood of Ichang, Henry, 3116, 3511, S511A, SZECHUAN. Mt. Omi, 1050 m., Faber, 198; Mt. Ora, Wilson, 4735, 4784. ai _Euonymus angustatus, Sprague; affinis L. delinétirino, Loes et H. aculeato, Hemsl.; a priore forma foliorum, a siebaclore aculeis fructus multo crassioribus recedit. Frulex, ut videtur. Folia rhomboideo-elliptica, acuminata, basi conspicue cuneata, 5—-) cm. longa, 2-4 cm. lata, supra nitida, subtus opaca ; venae laterales seen utrinque circiter 6, supra ae 2 subtus erie ogy pet -12 mm. longi. Pedun- cult anguste alati, sub fructu 3- 4 em. dit Dichasia quater vel quinquies furcata. Fivis ignoti. cage ultra 2 cm. diametro, aculeis inclusis; aculei cinitee 41, 7 mm. longi, versus basin valde complanati. Sem ina 7-8 mm, longa, arillo omnino inclusa. —H. echinatus, Hemsl. in Journ, Linn. Soc. Bot. vol. xxiii., p. 119, oe non Wa ll, CHINA. Kowloon, near Tai-mo-shan, Fai Hongk., 639; China, saben locality or collector, Herb, Hoo Euonymus microcarpus, neta ab ZL. chinensi, Lindl, foliis peracutis sensim acuminatis, capsulis brevioribus depressis, antheris florum masculorum haud sessilibus recedit. i Arbor 6 m. alta. Folia elliptica p20 ovata, peracute a acuminata, basi diy coke tenuiter coriacea vel chartacea longa, 2°5-4 ¢ lata, venis laterali oa ota ‘approximatis leviter pine Fg tantum, reticulatione haud conspicua; petioli 07-2 cm. longi. Pedunculi 15-3 em. longi. Dichasia bis usque quarter furcata ; pedicelli 15-5 mm. longi. Flores ut videtur androdioici. ¢ 9mm.diametro. Sepala brunneo-ciliolata. Petala suborbicularia psi 3 mm. diametro, veges patentia, demum deflexa, marginibus lateralibus flex Filamenta 15 mm, longa. Antherae reniformes, apiculatae, “08 mm. la Ag pincer circiter 0-75 mm, longus. Ovula 2 pro loculo, are ey escendentia. ¢ (functione) 5 mm. diamerto. 2 diametro. Filamenta 0°5-0-75 mm. re __ Siylus vix 03 mm. n Capsula depressa, circiter 1 iametro mm, longa, ete _profunde lobata. Sensei in arillo omnino inclusa, vix 5 mm. longa.—Z. chinensis var. microcarpus, Oliv. | ex oes. in ae Jahrb. vol. pas D6. Henry, 3073; Ichang, Henry, 1397 (masc.),. 1650 Gruet. ) "3099. (fruet. ), 3580 (mase .). WESTERN CHINA. Without precise locality, Wilson, 3332. mus mengtseanus, Sprague; affinis H. Griffithii, Kur, et. E. theijtio, Wall.; a priore Y toliis petiolatis, a posteriore ramulis alatis haud tuberculatis, a speciebus ambabus floribus snore recedit, Arbus 3m. alta, ramulis quadrialatis. Folia obovato- elliptica vel tt basi obtusa, apice obtuse acuminata, acumine ~10 mm. longo, 6-9 em. longa, 2°5-4 cm. lata, tenuiter coriacea, venis lateralibus patulis in rete, distinctum satis remote ab masini 30728 36 oon sgemtligge sa supra eee ine Bia Dishass ; petioli 7-10 mm, longi. Pedur ‘5-2 cm. lon Dichasia semel vel bis “tareaied pedlicelli- mm agi "Plo res 10-1 diametro. Sepala glandtitodo-ciliclstis, Petala sitiorbietiirin ain 4-5 mm. diametro. Discus 4 mm. diametro. Antherae ssiles, 1 mm. latae. Ovula 2 pro loculo, collateralia, pendula. ee theifolius var. mengtseanus, Loes. in Engl. Jahrb, vol. xxx., p. 455. YUNNAN. Mengize, 8.H. mountain forests, 1500 m., Henry, 10684, Closely allied both to EZ. Griffithii and £,

and the Apocynaceae by Dr. O. Stapf. For the Primulaceae, Mi ger oS aaergand ee Oleaceae the editor has been able to th cript accounts prepared by the late Phofesior W. EL. Har vers ene additions rendered necessary owing to the communication of further material from South Africa since Professor Harvey’s death have been supplied by Mr. C. H. Wright. Hooker’s Icones Plantarum.—Founded by.the late Sir William Hooker in 1837, this publication has now reached the second part of the twenty-ninth volume and the 2850th plate. This part contains the figure of Cymbogon citratus, Stapf, which was first published in the Kew Bulletin for 1906, but the letterpress is here limited to a Latin description and the synonymy of the plant. Sir Joseph Hooker contributes the description of Zmpatiens dor- stenioides, Warb., syn. Trimorphopetalum aa cnt Baker, a very singular p! ant, native of Madagascar; and two plates are devoted to the illustration of Cordeauzia edulis, the ‘Yeheb’ nut of Somaliland. The majority of the figures, however, are of Chinese plants, chiefly belonging to the Lardizabalaceae and the WUE. Pardini Sinofranchetia is a new genus of the former oup. Parvatia and Holboellia are reduced to Stauntonia, of whidh seven species are figured and eight described. Of the Hamamelidaceae, Si yoopst, Distylium and Altingia are revised, w species described. Peglera capensis, Bolus, is a neogeneric type, doubtingly placed in Legnotideacae, though it has also evident affinities with Simarubaceae. Botanical — for November. —The following plants are’ tears and described. Arctotis decurrens, Jacq., Rhododendron: intricatum, Fra adi Coelogyne e Lawrenceana, Rolfe, Oldenlandia dolichantha, Stapf, and Shortia uniflora, Maxim. The Arctolis handsome: South African species recently reintroduced into cultivation from Namaqualand, whence Mr. W. E. Gumbleton of Belgrove, Queenstown, received seeds, only one of which ger- minated. The plant obtained from this seed has bloomed for the sixth time this yeaE, and furnished the material figured. It is a. intricatum is a Chinese. 48 ~ . . f very small violet or lilac flowers. The plant attains a height 0: 18 ato but flowers when only 4 to 6 inches high. The species has been brought into cultivation by Messrs. James Veitch & Sons, who presented to Kew the plant illustrated. ; The handsome Coelogyne is another of Messrs. Sander's introductions from Annam, yellow. e drawing was made from a plant presented by Messrs. Sander. Oldenlandia dolichantha is an annual Rubi- sent to Kew by Mr. M. T. Dawe, Officer in Charge of the Forestry and Scientific Department of the Uganda Protectorate. The morindoides, Rehder France. It is algo in | en ‘ cluded with this number, j : : ‘ P.LS., V.M.H., of Warley Pa ne ‘o Miss E. A. Willmott, nee, ROYAL BOTANIC GARDENS, KEW. BULLETIN or MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION, No. 2-] (1908. VIII—MUSEUM PREPARATIONS. THE PRESERVATION OF GREEN COLOURS fo BOTANICAL SPECIMENS EXPOSED TO LIG Ji W, TRAIL The alteration — in green parts of plants vip exposure to light for some time, whether these are dried or in preservative fluids, adie aa. unsighily, and deprives fice: of much o their value by obscuring or obliterating the distinction in colour bet specimen. With specimens in fluid, especially when preserved in alcohol, it is customary to bleach them until all parts are deprived of colour before they are admitted to the shelves of museums. Such bleached specimens are indeed preferable to the brown ones that are apt = result where alcohol is used without previous bleaching; and they have the further advantage, when bleached, of not discolouring the preservative flui ut the uniform mity of tint, whether brown or colourless, ereatly lessens the usefulness of even the most sebaget g repared specimens, especially in an educational museum, and s have sought by parts and the other organs of plants. The various methods in use and the various solutions recommended as preservatives were tri ed, ‘and, while partially successful in-certain cases, all were vineatislectics 3 in results, or difficult to omnpioy and liable to fail. I na tried acetic acid as a preservative fluid; and found that althou h specimens, especially small bodies, such as galls, her- metically inclosed in glass tubes, retained their form in it they became discoloured. The dtu of the salts of copper on the colour of vegetables preserved for food was known to me; but the value of copper as an aid in the preparation of permanent specimens ted itself to ey of chlorophyll. I sough within the green parts of the specimens of the compounds 1875 Wt%87 2/08 D&S 29 31012 Mo. Bot. Garcen 1909 50 n chlorophyll with copper that Dr. Schunck had we papa : green when exposed to light. I at first asa 0 ange go: copper dis exudation appearing on n the leaves of some is not suitable for specimens so fragile that they would suffer injury from being boiled, even where the colour is wellkept. But educational value of the specimens is by so much the greater. would be tedious to give a detailed statement of the effects of the treatment on the several plants subjected to it. The met is a _ g1012 a? 52 . . ~ 4 t very simple one, and can be oun oa oe tae ae ecu we its worth. I believe it wi ye foun ; seeds in the saving of preservative fluids due to so “nee tendency to discolouration of these fluids by solution of subste chlorophyll, &c.) from the specimens. The inethod of treatment found to give the best ee Bris; follows :—Saturate the volume (say one gallon) of Ea taal strong acetic acid with acetate of copper, shaking e Mer occasionally until no more will dissolve, some acetate ge aa at the bottom of the bottle. Pour off the clear solution, and adc i in it while it allow the specimens for treatment to be submerged in i is being boiled over a suitable gas-burner, The specimens may surfaces. They may then in most case perminent preservation, either in any fluids, or dried. : ek IX.—DIAGNOSES AFRICANAE: XXI. 911. Popowia Mannii, Bait, Adansonia, y [Anonaceae] ; descriptio emendata (auct. 7. A. §; Fruter 1-15 m rdata, 8-16 em. longa, ongi. Petala interiora in Ovarium 1-3-ovula- throspermum 868), p. 25, quoad Specimen in Journ. Linn rum Vogelii, Oliv. in FI. Trop. Mannian } ri ann’s specimen had two ovules, those f Foster’s only one, but there a > Ppears to be no other difference between the Specimens apart from the degree of pubescence, Perhaps too much stress has been laid on the number of ovules : ; Evidently Bentham found only one ovule per carpe first examining Mann’s Specimen, but found 2-3 ovules on ht examination i sheet bearing Mann’s Specimen is the stat t Ovula solitaria erecta”; the last t 5 gta shen crossed out by Ben tham ang «9.4? Words have been subs 53 Engler and Diels in their monograph of the African Anonaceaé, have changed the name of pipe owia Mannii, Baill., to P. Baillonii, Engl. et Diels, and applied the name P. Manni i, Engl. et Diels, to another species, Clathros ‘aanace Mannii, Oliv. apparently 84 the impression that 0. Mannii was Published before P. Mann Baill. Adansonia, vol. viii., p. 305, ay yee shows that Baillon’s R description was publi shed on May 30th, 1868; Oliver’s was published in July, 1868 (see Kew Bull. nr908, P; 29), I therefore uecessary to rename P. Mannii, Engl. et Diels (Clathrospermum Mannii, Oliv.), and inasmuch as_ it appears to be the only African species of Popowia with unisexual flowers, the name Fopote diclina, Sprague, seems appropriate. P. diclina is apparently cee for the two sexes have not hitherto Nest eolleuted together 912. Hibiscus crassinervius, Hochst. ex A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. vol. i., p. 61 [Malvaceae-Hibisceae] ; descriptio amplificata (auct. T. A. Sprague). Frutex ramis elongatis strictis 2-4 mm. pei a he aspere fulvo- vel pei neice brunneo-tomentellis. Stipulae subulatae, + curvatae, 3-5 m ongae, tomentellae. aire ome Bhs elliptica, | _ SUeabe ae rotundata, 13-4 cm. lon m. lata, se aspera, basi 5-nervia, ville Heilatis ghee ebee Sibebceits vel tomentella, subtus dense tomentella; petioli 3-10 mm. longi, dense tomentelli. Flores primum solitarii in axillis, denique ex —— axillis ramuli abbreviati 1-2-flori orti. Pedunculi 1-3 em. longi, sub fructu 4-8 mm. infra apicem — lati. Bracteolae o-12, or ganien versus apicem dilatatae, 3° de longae, superne 0°75-1'°2 mm., inferne 0°5-0°6 mm. lata eal 5-1 mm. tg trinerviae, breviter stellato-t tomentella praesertim extra. Calya extra breviter stellato-tomentellus pilis magnis brunneis stellatis hirsutus, intus minutissim spr a Rae isin tubus 2-2°5 mm. longus, 10-nervius tetlouldtions haud ifesta: lobi subulato-lanceolati, 3-7 mm. longi, ima_ basi om) rat mm. lati, trinervii, nervo medio conspicuo, arty peered tle "Potala oblongo-obovata vel obovata, 1-2-1: longa, 6-7°5 mm. lata, basi 2-5-3 mm. adnata. ie a 35, in varticillos quatuor disposita, quorum infi circiter 05 mm. supra petala insertus, cater dievainaitl filamentellis geminatis in verticillis mediis usque ad apicem, in ey ultra medium connatis; filamentella circiter 4 mm. longa; ¢ kai tota 7-8 mm. longa, 15-2 mm. ‘ultra vertcillam m “gs oducta, _dentibus 625-03 mm. me ‘ Beate . lon pe appresse puberula. Senvina circiter 2° m. longa, conspicue punctata, villis circiter 5 mm. longis. S Wast apt Oliv. Fi. Trop. Afr., vol. i., p. 205; H. goss pian: Mast. l.c. partim, non Thunb, ERITREA. ead Steudner (no flowers on Kew specimen, hence S aeeanees — rtain). Popeater Mt. Scholoda near Adowa, Schi ii, 646; Mt. Semejata, Schimper, Sect. ii., 936 ; pid ‘(Wojerat), Quartin-Dillon & Petit, 298 ; provinces of Tigre or Begemder, Schimper, 260 (ann. 1863-8); 54 i le a 2); ; Alio Shoa (dedit Franqueville anno 1862); Ankober, Roth, 53; A i anane: Ankober, Roth, 150; Kambata, about 1 BOON. 30 (K., nearly 1,800 m., Wellby ; without precise locality, Plowden. The single flower of Plowden’s specimen examined had only _ 80 stamens, the lowermost whorl being absent. One of the best characters of H. crassinervius is the shape of the bracteoles, which are distinctly broadened towards the apex. The bracteoles and calyx are much more densely clothed with stellate hairs than in H. aponeurus. Hibiscus crassinervius, var. minor, Sprague ; calycis lobis triangularibus staminibusque paucioribus a typo recedit. Bracteolae 9-10, 35-5 mm. longae, superne parum dilatatae. Calycis tubus 25 mm. longus; lobi triangulares, acuminati, 25-3 mm. longi, basi 2-2°3 mm. lati. Petala 2 mm. adnata. Stamina 25, in verticillos tres disposita, quorum duo superiores decandri, infimus pentandrus. Ovarii loculi 5-ovulati. ' ERITREA. Northern slope of Mt. Bizen, 1,700-1,800 m., Schweinfurth J; Riva, 2053 H. crassinervius var. minor has more the habit of H. micran- thus than of H. crassinervius, but examination of the flowers leaves no doubt as to its true affinities, above-mentioned differences should prove to be constantly correlated, then var. ‘minor would have to be raised to the rank of a subspecies. 913. Hibiscus aponeurus, Sprague et Hutchinson [ Mal vaceae- ‘Hibisceae] ; ab affini H. crassinervio, Hochst., bracteolis versus apicem haud dilatatis quam calyce manifeste brevioribus, calycis ‘venatione et loborum forma recedit, I apice rotundata vel obtusa 1 rotundata, 1°5-3:5 em. longa, 1-3 em. lata serrulata, aspera, ssi tia subtus toment ia ; fetes 10 em ie omentella vel pubescentia ; 2 mm. lon e, 0-4-0°75 mm. i vi extra pilis 2-4-radiatie i ».> nm. latae, basi vix connatae, ene ho b-5-nervii, nervis sub inali ‘Inconspicuis additis, Petala oblongo-obovata, HEAT ox louse in verticill > basi 3-4 mm, adnata, ‘tamina in forma typica 35, 05- ne i ie oi quorum intimus pentandrus, Nee ss * re 4 in . : . > ° aaege es s filamentella 1-2 “on eka decandri es 05 Bak icugan Clare an supremum producta, dentibus “. a dae 429 mm. lon a j ‘omentellum,, localis »-7-ovulatis ; styli ghbci tae aa 55 -10 mm. longa, ramis 3-9 mm. longis. paerea 1-1°3 cm. longa, appresse puberula. Semina circiter 3-5 mm. longa, inconspicue PEgcinits villis circiter 5 mm. longis.—H. paepeh vius, T, Thoms. n Speke, Journal of the Discovery of the Nile, p. a (App. G), a Hochst. A. gossypinus, Mast. in Oliv. Fl. Trop. Afr., vol. i.,. p. 205, partim, non Thunb. - gcessypinus, var., Oliv. in Trans. inn. se vol. pera ve BRI East AFR gos Nairobi, Whyte ; between mea u oa es Bleu aa Wha yte s Ukamba, 1500-1800 m., Scott "Mliot, 6497 ; Kiboss, Linton, 32; Kiu, Linton, 40: Makindu, Linton, 65: without precise locality, C. F, Eltiot, 84, 137 ; Masai Country : Lykipia, 1800-2400 m., Zhomson. UGanpa, Koki District, Dawe, 350; Elgon District, James. Gita N EAST AFRICA. Karagwe District. Grant, 215; Kilimanjaro, C. S. Smith. Dawe, 350, has (in the single flower examined) five additional stamens, the three upper W vhorls being normal, and the lowest being replaced by eight solitary stamens and one pair arranged in inp, irregular whorls, thus bringing the total number of stamens t t Linton, 32, has 45 stamens, in five whorls, of which the four upper consist of five pairs each, and the lowermost of five solitary stamens which alternate with the petals. In Smith, pevmenies on the other hand, the stamens are reduced in one flower to and in another to 32, by the suppression respectively of ‘all five and of three of the stamens of the lowermost whorl. All the other specimens quoted exhibit the typical arrangement of the staminal Linton, 40, has abnormally ee flowers: calyx-lobes 11-12 mm. long ; petals nearly 2 cm. Jong, 11-12 mm. broad ; staminal column 17 mm. long, the lowest whorl of stamens inserted 5 mm above the alain joint style 12 mm., branches 45 mm. long. H. aponeurus is intermediate between H. crassinervius and H. Hildebrandtii, having the staminal column of the former, and bracteoles and calyx approaching those of the latter. In 4. crassi- nervius the calyx lobes are three-nerved, and the lateral nerves of adjacent lobes unite just below the sinus and run down the calyx-tube as a single nerve, so that the tube is ten- nerved ; in H. aponeurus the calyx. lobes are likewise three- nerved, but often with an indication of two additional submarginal nerves. and the lateral nerves run down the calyx-tube parallel or approximatin 8 only in rare instances uniting before reaching the base, so taat the tube is fifteen-nerved. 914. Hibiscus oe Sprague ipsa eee 1s habitu Hi. crassinervio, aud dis similis, a quo tamen bracteola rum calycisque te et cake primo visu Gleliean ur Rami stricti, iartushiso-eeet las 0: ye aaa ae saperne Folia ah ut videtur subobtusa, 2°5-4.: nga, 2-3°5 lata, basi undata, 5- vel sub-7-nervia, orate serrata, ‘pills stellatis patna aspere pubescentia, subtus tomentella ; longi, Pedunculi 2:5-3 em. longi, 5-8 mm. infra apices articulati, fructiferi 4 cm. longi. Bracteolae 10-11, lineari-subulatae, 5-7 mm. longae, 9-4-0°6 mm. latae, extra pilis magnis brunneis 56 biradiatis rarius ae igi hirsutae, margine pilis ap ce on intus inferne minute appresse pubescentes, superne pilis ee : runneis simplicibus spatsiad rite. Calyx extra pilis m cas brunneis 1-4-radiatis dense hirsutus, intus glaber lobis as jee exceptis; tubus 3 mm. longus, 10-nervius, reticulatione manifes oe ; Jobie basi deltoidea subulati, 5-6-5 a longi, ima basi ee +4 ~tmm. lati. Pelala anguste obovata, vix 2 cm. longa, 8-9 mm. lata, basi 3mm.adrata. Stamina in verticillon quinqgue disposita, quorum quatuor superiores decandri filamentellis geminatis connatis ; Gane 0: a fone ainin ABYSSINIA. rte oe and Addi Abbaba, Wellby. H, Wellbyi resembles H. erassinervius in the course of the main nerves of the calyx, but differs in the visible reticulation of the latter, and in having an additional whorl of stamens, as well as in the characters specified above 915. Hibiscus nyikensis, Mobeied [Malvaceae-Hibisceae]; affinis H. Weilibyi, Sprague, a a quo foliorum et calycis loborum forma differt Innovationes et inflorescentiae dense brunneo- hirsutae. Ram adulti cinerei, basibus persistentibus pilorum punctulati, suotalla gracilibus. Folia reg — oblongo-lanceolata, apice a 7 ob em. lata, serrulata, basi obtusa vel venis media et lateralibus a petioli ventana, O3~-1 Sigmar Pedunculi ee cm. longi, 4-8 mm. infra apices artieulat Bracteolae subobtusae, 2 35, d-6°5 % mm. longae, be : rsutae. Calyx extra pilis t is hirsutus, intus glaber apicibus poren exceptis, manifeste reticulat tubus vix 25 mm. ongus, irregulariter 15-n hervius ; lobi trian: Sacks 2'5-3°5 longi, ima basi 25.3: 7 mm, lati Fale Shows 2, 17-18 Na longa, 9-10 aia, 2-2-5 nata. Stamina 50, verticillos quingue decandros Pesca ee etcinatis mn , infimis cire. 2 mm mm. longis, Verticillo infimo — Supra petala inserto ; "integers Nyika Plateau and the e ~2100"m., Whyte, 226; Plateau, 600°900 , Why ommencement -. the a: 916. Hibisens. ii habitu aceon H. a ster [Malvaccne-Hibiscene] ; ervio, Hochst, a an Hehe Linn f sed potius atfinis H. crassin- differt 40 columna staminea et calycis nce forma 57 Caules satis graciles, pallide viridi-cinerei, pilis pluriradiatis majusculis brunneis subappressis conspicuis asperati. Folia " apice acuta, basi obtuse cuneata vel subrotundata, 1-5-5 cm. longa, ~2°5 cm. lata, serrata, utrinque aspera, supra puberula, subtus i i oli 0 m. longi. Peduneuli circiter I cm. longi, paullo infra apices articulati, brunneo-hirsuti. Bracteolae 6-8, lineares, subacutae, superne haud vel vix dilatatae, 3-£5 mm. longae, 0-5-1 mm. i m pallidioribus numerosioribus interjectis ; tubus 2-2°5 mm. longns, 10-nervius vel sub-15-nervius, intus glaber ; lobi ovato-triangulares, obtusi, 3-3°5 mm. longi, basi 2-225 mm. lati, intus minutissime pubescentes. Petala obovata, circiter 1:5 em. longa et 9 mm. ata, 25 mm. adnata. Stamina 30, in verticillos duo disposita, quorum superior icosandrus, staminibus per paria inserta, filamentellis usque ad basin liberis, inferior decandrus staminibus solitariis : filamentella 6-7 mm. longa ; columna tota 6°5 mm. longa, supra verticillum superiorem 3 mm. producta; verticillus superior 1 mm. supra inferiorem, inferior vix ‘5 mm. supra petala insertus, Ovarium 2:5 mm. longum, loculis 4-ovulatis ; Styli pars communis mm, longa, ramis 5~7 mm. longis, stigmatibus circiter 0°5 mm. diametro, Capsula vix 1 cm. longa, minute puberula. ANGOLA. District of Loanda, Gossweiler, 398. One or two of the stamens of the lower whorl may be absent from their normal position and inserted along with adjoining stamens, so that we then have blank spaces and pairs instead o solitary stamens. The stamens of the lower whorl are normally opposite the pair of stamens of the upper whorl. The nervation of the calyx varies slightly : the lateral nerves of adjacent lobes may either unite just below the sinus or may run down separately to the middle or to the base of the calyx-tube, so that the latter may have from ten to fifteen more or less distinct nerves, IL7. Balanites orbicularis, Sprague [Simarubaceae]; foliis sessilibus, foliolis sessilibus orbicularibus apiculatis ab affini B. aegyptiaca distincta. fiamt leviter fexuosi, striolati, dense pubescentes. Syinae axillares, sed ad latus secundi foliorum superiorum allatae, ita ut extra-axillares videntur, 2-4 cm. longae, folia et flores gerentia. Folia sessilia, 1-jnga, apice subulato circiter 2 mm. longo ; foliola sessilia, orbicularia, 13-2 cm. diametro, acute apiculata, basi rotundata vel subcordata, utrinque pubescentia. ymae in ta 2-25 mm. lata. Filamenta 3°5 mm. longa, antheris > mm. longis. Discus 2 mm. altus. Ovariwm vix 15 mm. diametro, tomentosum, circiter | mm, in disco immersum. BRITISH SOMALILAND. Drake-Brockman, 336, 337. 58 ?; hes are feature of B. orbicularis is that the branc EES tem through two internodes above the leaf . those axil they — 80 that they appear to arise at the side o the second leaf abov 918. Malacantha obtusa, C. A. Wright re prnaaaes 1; a= alnifoliae, Pierre, proxima, foliis basi truncatis re R uniores dense rufo-villosi, robusti, ae glabri, lenticillati. Folia phompine: obtusa vel brevissime cuspidata, basi obtusa, 20 em. longa, 12 cm. lata, utringue primum pubescentia, Supra demum fere pacmaee, nervi uiringue circa 20, supra impressi, subtus prominentes ; petiolus 8mm. longus, crassus, a elliptica, dno exteriora’ 5 mm. longa, 3°5 mm. lata, crassa, valide hervata, tria interiora paullo ma ajora, tenuiora. Corollae tubus 4mm. longu — diametro ; lobi sig Pie elliptici, obtusi, 3 mm. ‘longi, ri m. lati, breviter ‘ciliat 1. Stamina breviter exserta ; filamenta ad corollae faucem oe subulata; antherae dorsifixae, -2 mm. longae. Qvarixim ov oideum, dense hirsutum ; stylus columnaris ; aes lobi 5, globosi. Fructus ellipticus, 2 cm. -tongus, 1-4 cm, diametro, 1-spermus, Semen ellipticum, lateraliter affixum, hile 3 albido exe epto castaneum, exalbuminosum ; cotyle- dones cragsae, plano-convexae. WESTERN TROPICAL AFRICA. Lagos, Foster, 37. 919. Faurea racemosa, idee 1 L Proteaceae] ; affinis F. forficuli- Jlorae, Baker, sed foliis apicem sensim attenuatis, i enti u SS 8 i ere est villis ovarii multo longioribus et st to breviore distincta. aa dense foliati. ae lanceolata, a medio ad apicem acutum attenuata, basi acu ta, 7 a 4, supra nit petiolus 3-7 mm. longus, gracilis. Racemi (lensitlori, eas ae ypog acute, ifider Stylus 12 mm pes hand tortus ; ovat villi ad 7 mm, | “eo ehlgeag reeurvus, sub api AFRICA. Mount Milanji, — B38. :. Pan bl Ae (§ Echinochloa) haplocladum Sq, pt crop Heivae soni Hebe ce ie affinis seq paniculae ram Yo He (mend cr maces omnibus ye] Saltem tatevioribas Gra renn al, “interes dense caespitosum, i, caeterum tere Pcramque cireiter 5 5-nodi cra ag at about 2000 m., G. oo erecti, og Li D m. ad 5 Foli aa pte Piperotitias evita eaibrtas. phen eign ea slaberri tM pes vel laminas hirsuta ; striatae ; ligula compress, a linea gars omnes laeves, leviter Yorum vel zona pubescente 59 paige Rei pt lineares, et ape attenuatde, basi brevissime el vix rotundato-contractae, 30-50 em. longae, 5-10 mm. latae, planae, pees firmulae, ad margines aches caeterum plerumque laeves, costa tenui. Apia erecta, lineari-oblonga vel elongato- pyramidalis, 10-16 em. longa, 3-5 (raro basi ad 7) cm, lata, densa ; axis subgracilis, profunde sulcato-striata, superne triquetra, ad angulos scabra, ad nodos pilis longis rigidis paucis vel interdum numerosis obsita; rami numerosi, quam internodia multi -longiores, inferiores plerumque 2-3-natim approximati, as cm. longi, stricti vel interdum flexuosi, ab ima basi spiculigeri, axi gracili pubescente interdum setis hincinde additis; pedjcelli brevissimi, geminati vel ternatim fasciculati. Sypiculae starr ‘3—4-seria atae e, congestae, ovoideae, caudato-acuminatae, Piston! exteriorum inter du um longius aristatae, 2-3 mm. lony luride virides vel purpurascentes; Gluma inferior iatissime ovata, minute apiculata vel mucronulata, 3-5-nervis, scaberula, superior late ovata, cuspidato-acuminata, ‘longitudine spiculae, 9-nervis, inter nervos superne spinuloso-scabros magis minusve pubescens. Anthoecium inferuin $3 ; valva glumae “superiori similis nisi ‘Gorso ae antic acumin saepe in aris ran bebebern tenuem ad d mm (rari me Basen orem) ab ; palea valvam wequans oer ‘oblon nga, wa superne su chnepéeatie: Anthoecium superum 4, mbitu ovat vel ellipticum, apiculatum, tore meh eer es mS nitidum ; valva oe aa 5-nervis. “Antherae 1mm. ©. 4 plc East AFRICA. Near Mombasa, in temporarily flooded localiti andt, 1954-2022. eikanbala Hills, Scott Elliot, 6291; Maji Chumoi, Kassner, 455; Baringo Marsh, H. H. Johnston. GERMAN East AFRICA. Turu, in boggy places, Speke & Grant. Rovuma River, Meller. Speke and Grant observed a form having leaves marked with dark brown or black cross bars. Scott Elliot’s and Johnston’s specimens have practically no awns. X.—JEQUIE MANICOBA AND ITS ALLIES. (Manihot dichotoma, Ule and other species). The first intimation to reach Kew of the existence of rubber- _ yielding plants closely related to the commonly cultivated Manthot . Glaziovit took place in the early part o Mr. J. A. Davy, ‘manager of the Dumont Coffee Company, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil, called at the Gardens in March and left some seeds of the Jequié or Jiquié Manihot. On his return to Brazil he sent us a supply of seeds together with the cog hbag information :—“ at present we have two kinds of rubber trees growing here, the Manihot Glaziovii or oe Ceara Mantosbs. and the other Manihot Jequié, which is a native of the state of Bahia.” Ina subsequent letter (dated ee 30th, 1906) Mr. Davy writes :— “as regards the Jequié variety of Manihots, this a, ee in. the municipality of Jequié, State f Bahi at “present looked upon as a better latex producer than the Manihot 60 foliage of the young plants, which you will understand when I forward the dried specimens.” Unfortunately no flowering specimens have as yet reached Kew om Mr. Davy, but that they are very necessary will be clear from the letter of our next correspondent on the subject. In October, 1906, Mr. J. P. Rowe (since deceased) of Messrs. Anderson and owe, Bahia, wrote for information as to the tree sent by Mr. Davy. At the same time the following particulars were furnished by Mr. Rowe :-— ge € much pleasure in sending you particulars of the different varieties of Manicgoba rubber trees which are found in great numbers in the district of Jequié. “According to my agent in that district, who has studied the subject there for three years, there are he has examined. “OF one (A) called by the natives *Manigoba blanca’ (white Manic¢oba) the leaves (three-lobed) ‘ar fliciently well marked to enable this variet y to be n the natives, who have only to stand he latex is pure white, mediately without the use of any “The seeds you have go ei aiag 7 wn at Kew ought to “OF the other (B ves on the under side are of a purplish fee leaf itself being of a darker hue than 1 3 f . Manicoba rouxa’ (purpl ) It is ag vj as eon R Seat . i vigorous in growth as the ste sbthdecomg a the latex is equally white and flows and be all of this “A third variety (C) also : : “igo 5 ae still young very anne re “tsa es “ale mtg —— © before mentioned. but as it vege tw age the bark, w ich ig Silvery, hardens rou hens and peels off Pai like that of the birch,’ The latex te white and “en Cary aes pred pinky a (D and BE) have also rough barks, but gull fe pe frownish patches, These have not been latex is eu nity. ‘he bark ig harder to cut, and the flow of 61 “In addition to the foregoing species there are two others, both inferior, for the reasons that the latex, which is pale green in colour, is scanty, and when coagulated the rubber contains a hig percentage of resin “Of the ‘A’ een ‘B’ varieties we have cultivated trees the trunks of which at 14 months old were 4 inches in diameter at 3 feet from the ground, and 10 feet week Some of these young trees were flowering and seeding at that a “Our plantations are mostly formed on ee seedlings taken from the forests, which contain vast numbers hey are trans- oy) : A further supply of “ Manic ba. seeds” was ee : om Mr. H. Stevenson, H.B.M.’s A keine Consul at Bahia, and reached Kew in March, h, 1907. These seeds, as well as plants raised from the seeds sent by Mr. Rowe, have been Dap Beets to the botanical stations and gardens of India and the Colon The following table shows ial distribution of the Pi raised at Kew, and sent out in Wardian cases on May 23rd, 1907 :— No. of Plants. Destination. Condition on Arrival. 200 Calcutta ... — a its ast |“ Good.” 109 | Ceylon ... we eae iss .. | “ Excellent,” 100 | Singapore Ges 4 OO.” 100 Java ea in dai bad 50 Fiji exe : a oe No information. 50 pa ae vie 50 Pen Gf ren .. | “ Excellent, all living.” 50 Rial "hati ur.. “s 50 Bangalore P No comments, 50 Hongkong “ Splendid.” Two plants were also sent to British Central Africa, and one plant to N.W. Rhodesia with other plants. In addition to the plants, seeds, received from Mr. seer were sent to Calcutta, Ceylon, Kuala Lumpur, Singapore, and Bri In consequence of this last consignment 2 ae a correspondence was opened with Mr. O’Sullivan Beare, H.B.M.’s Consul at Bahia, on the subject. He has supplied much iafiemetion which is rearaa in the Diplomatic and Consula ae ns on the trade of r the years 1904-1906 issued in August, 1907. The following erie is taken from this st “The export of rubber from the Sta of Bahia has increased more than tenfold within the gt six sh having risen from 100 tons in 1900 to over 1,100 tons 06 “Of the total sr of rubber anodes suey from Bahia, the greater proportion has hitherto been of low grade, consisting mainly of a variety gation as ‘ Maagabeion’ sane which com 62 The tree in question is a new and distinct species of Manihot, which apparently is peculiar to the State of Bahia. discovery is a matter of much importance not only for this State but also for the rubber trade in general, inasmuch as the rubber obtainable from the Jiquié Manicoba, when properly prepared, would seem to be equal in quality to the best product of the Para region. “ This matter of Jiquié rubber appears to be of so much interest, and there exists so much misunderstanding with respect to it, that I may be excused for giving here some particulars concerning the tree from which the rubber in question is derived. “The Manicoba of Bahia is a tree which attains to a height of 30 feet and upwards, with a diameter of some 2 feet, when fully matured in suitable soil. “It belongs to the family of Euphorbiaceae as does also the Hevea brasiliensis which produces Pard rubber, yet it is closely akin to Mani in ; gueiras, &c. Its zone, so far as is at present known, extends from Maranhao t¢ flourishes throughout the ‘Sertio’ * within the limits specified, but is found in greatest abundance in the regions adjoining the town of Jiquié, whence its local name, “The Jiquié Manicoba is undoubtedly a new and distinct species of Manihot, and it must not be confounded with the Manihot of Ceara (Manihot Glaziovii, Muell, Arg.). The seeds of Jiquié Manigoba are much larger than those of the Manicoba of Ceara. “The season for extracting the latex extends from August to March. e from experiment, that the Jiquié Manicoba 8 iquie ani¢ tree can be made to yield its latex between the Poatth anil fifth years from time of first planting ; but the tree yields its maximum returns from the age of eight years onwards, The planters of Bahia have awak in the’ cultivation of Fiquis WaKsaoie te ae to = fact that in potential wealth, Already several i ay’ own plantations of a. y veral fazendeiros have begun to lay derivable therefrom. “A planter established jn the Jiquij : : : ‘he Jiquié district ly ed a consider et recently prepar : iderable quantity of rubber obtained from Mittigabs brods oo Rae - “Sertiio,” a term appli with brush SPPlied to vast Spaces in the i ; ‘SAWo0od and diversifieg by great tracts of fo a of Brazil, covered . . 63 growing wild in that neighbourhood, and despatched it to New York. The consignment was classified in the New York market» as being equal to the best Para rubber, and it fetched 1 dol. 20 ¢.. (5s.) per Ib.” 5 In answer toa further request for botanical Specimens of the’ Jequié Manicoba the following letter was received at Kew :— H.M.’s Consut, BAHIA, to ROYAL BOTANIC GARDENS, Krew. | H.B.M.’s Consulate, Bahia, 4th September, 1907. DEAR SIR, WITH reference to your letter of 11th July last requesting further ipformation respecting Manicoba, I have just learned that a German botanist, Professor Ule, who recently visited the States respecting the matter in question, that the three species of Manigoba which grow in the States of Bahia and Piauhy all differ essentially from Manihot Glaziovii, of Ceara. The German botanists have decided to distinguish the three species of Manicoba found growing in the States of Bahia and Piauhy by the following designations, viz. :— ; So-called Jiqnié Manicoba = Manihot dichotoma; oo S. Francisco Manicoba = Manihot heptaphylla ; - Piauhy Manigoba = Manihot piauhyensis. As regards the name “ Manicoba,” it would appear to be a generic term applied, locally, to all* species of Manihot which yield rubber. Iam, &e., (Signed) D. R, O’SULLIVAN-BEARE, H.B.M.’s Consul. On the 20th of September Mr. O’Sullivan-Beare wrote again, promising herbarium material, and sending two samples of rubber, io Francisco rubber (obtained from Manihot heptaphylla). These n Rowe, and Stevenson appear to be all similar. The seeds germinated very readily, and the plants, now some nine months old, are characterised by the somewhat thickened lower portion of the stem. In the shedding of the bark these plants differ from Manihot Glaziovii, since longitudinal slits are formed, and the membranous bark peels off in more or less vertical rows ; the. leaves of the young plants appear to have had greenish-white veins in all cases, thus differing from Davy’s plants grown in Brazil, but this may be due to the artificial conditions of cultivation. Other attempts to obtain material which would have enabled the question of these Manicobas to have been solved at Kew have Eroved in vain, and the following extract from a letter from 64 Senor J. Liméio da Costa helps to show the difficulties besetting the subject :— irae e- The Manicoba of Jequié is a variety of that plant existing in Ceara and in this State, in the San Francisco region, Absolutely different to that is the species named Jequié (locality where it abounds in a wild state), as it presents various specimens [? considerable variation] in the trees from which latex is extracted. The trees commonly known as Jequié Manicoba abound mostly in the municipalities of Maraca, Pocoes, Con- uista, &c.” \ In Mr. O’Sullivan-Beare’s letter to Kew of September 4th, 1907, already quoted, reference is made to Professor Ule’s visit to the States of Bahia and Piauhy for the purpose of investigating the sources of Manicoba. His results have recently been published in Notizblatt des Kinigl. botanischen Gartens und Museums zu Berlin, Dahlem, No. 41 (Ba. V.), of November 27 th, 1907, where diagnoses of the three new species of Manihot are given, and a further and more detailed account of these newly discovered sources of rubber has appeared in Der Tropenpflanzer No. 12, for December, 1907. From the Consular Report on the trade of Bahia, quoted above, pecies are likely to be of considerable these papers. Dr. Ule under- , the one growing on the Rio San Francisco, and the to the country at some distance from the left especially in the adjoining State of Piauhy. also flourishes. This Manic¢oba, however, grows rather on the rocky country (Felsenformation), and is thus a true mountain plant. we pele Species of Manihot following angi * heptaphylla, and Y, ise aba and the Manihot dichotoma, Ule. : latae, quam flores breviores, Gucae; flores intus extusque label. ; breviter peaiak ; Pee Cre . ig capsulae ellipsoideae, os heptaphylla, Ule. . constrictae, cori nei anceolatae, leviter vel altius lyrato- _ bracteae flores | inate ; nse densiflori, macranthi ; “capsu bglol 2 ; Hores extug j labri ; . i lae subglo : exalatae, leviter enisutesi sears —— Ule : late o squantes, limbus profunde 5- artitus ; : bovatae vel oblongo-obovatae, apice pokicantess, 65 coriaceo-membranaceae ; racemi elongati, macranthi; bracteae flores superantes, integrae ; flores extus intusque glabri ; capsulae subglobosae, acutiusculae, manifeste subalato-costatae, stem also does not become so thick and the bark is thinner and usually paler, though a variety with a darker bark is known. s smaller than those of M. Glaziovii.. The smaller leaves and the large, long seeds afford the most important characters for distin- guishing this species from M, Glazioviti. Ss [45 a MINAGS IGERAE : : - Sketch map of a portion of N.E. Brazil to show the distribution of the n discovered Mani ewly 1. Regionfof M. dichotoma. 3. Region of M. piauhyensis, 2. Region of MW, heptaphylia. 4. Region of M. Glaziovii. —-—- Railway from Bahia to Joazeiro on the Rio Sio Francisco 31012 B 66 It grows in the true “ catinga,”* being found especially on the mountain slopes, which might be called “mountain catinga.” It avoids the more park-like situations, where isolated and somewhat larger trees are more pro ominent and prefers a rather denser ting: is found more rarely on sandy s oil. ‘Some miles from Porto Alegre, on the Rio das Contas, the mountain slopes have been seen by Ule so well crt by these trees that they constituted nearly 50 per cent. of the fo It seems probable, ie that the wild supply will soon be exhausted. two or three tim ran .Roptapi is we ecg (9-26 potas in height with blackish- ark and utiful purple twigs; the leaf lamina is on ace a. bah green ; the seeds are roundish as in M. Glaziovii but larger and paler than i in aa species, It eter de exclusively on the right bank of the Rio San Francisco, from 9:5°-12'5° §, lat. » Specially in the mountainous districts of the Serra do Encaibro, Serra do Tombador, Serra do Assurua, ete. It has been observed in the wild state only in a eal an area een ba village of Chique-chique in the Serra n Ignazio, it grows with other trees amongst the sandstone rocks. Guinstinees it is found in company with Mangabe M. piauhyensis is age! allied to M. he ay but i pl smaller trees from 2-5 metres (6-16 feet) in height ; also a in having brands leaves rain aac pe. The coed se longer and the fruits winge the corners. The ae scarcely be distinguished from me of M. piawhyensis. ocality for this A fe 2am from th e region to the open’ Sore hy: a rte the boundary of Bahia WS in t — ountain ranges, which stretch, in the “gant lower sandstone e trees 0 : distinguished ag prauhyensis nave a wide area and are ein y : i feta vi green from the. low trees with Isolated ¢ appear to Pee eon o - ai te among the rocks, and the trees up in Pea in oe wn boll. is. species often shoots destroyed by fire Thi where the forest has been recently Cite: ~The m three species iffe aterae Sepa of the rubber from ‘ di Oe 8 - Glaziovii, owing barks of these a the habit of growth and the nature of the 67 . I of a knife, which is curved or rounded at the apex, and a small be tapped from three to ten times. The rubber obtained annually at the present time from the wild growth of VM. dichotoma may be reckoned at 400 to 500 tonnes.* In this calculation plantations do not yet come into consideration, since the discovery of this tree was only made in 1901 and the trees first planted are only just becoming ready for tapping. of the root and the latex flows into the little pit where it coagulates and is collected one or two days later, A cake of from 10-100 grammes may be obtained from a single tapping. M. heptaphylla yields about 500 tonnes of rubber per year, whilst for Jf. piawhyensis the output of rubber is estimated at at least 600 tonnes in the year. market. In the plantations, which are laid outin a quite primitive manner, the seeds are planted in rows two metres apart, making 2,500 trees to the hectare (2°47 acres). Other plants may be grown between the rows during the first year. With regard to tapping, M. piauhyensis is ready in the third year and the other two species may be tapped in their fourth year of growth. The yield of rubber from a single tree of M. dichutoma in one year can be reckoned at from 100-200 grammes with present methods, and this is equivalent to 200-300 kilogs, per hectare. The annual yield of rubber for single trees of M. piauhyensis and M. heptaphylia is from 500-1000 grammes, which correspond. roughly to about 1 tonne per hectare. Value of the Rubber—The market value of the three kinds of rubber, according to the rate of October 28th last, was for M. heptaphylla .. 6s.-6s. 6d. per kilo. .plauhyensis ... 7s. 6d. per kilo. M. dichotoma .. 8s.-8s. 6d. per kilo. Para rubber being quoted at 9s. per kilo. : The cultivation of Ceara rubber (¥. Glaziovii), which has been pursued with more or less profit in many cases, has had to be * 1 tonne (1,000 kilog.) = -934 of a ton. 31012 B3 68 ; : ; ; : tly to iven up in some places owing to its failure to pay, due par the cae caused i wind and by careless tapping, and also to the hardness of its bark. The advantage of the three species from Bahia and Piauhy is that they are less liable to the injuries just mentioned and that, speaking generally, the yield of rubber is far higher than 7 M. Glaziovii. One hectare planted with M. Glaziovit is estimate to yield 300 kilos, whilst 1000 kilos per hectare is the amount reckoned for M. piauhyensis or M. heptaphylla when planted in suitable positions. Such a yield exceeds even that of Hevea brasiliensis, As to the relative values of VU. piauhyensis and M. heptaphylla, the former yields a slightly more valuable rubber, and the tree is ready for tapping somewhat earlier. On the other hand, the latter appears to be a longer-lived tree. Comparing the Manicoba plants with Hevea, Ule remarks that there is no doubt that the rubber of H., brasiliensis is of better quality, possesses greater elasticity and obtains the higher price, clusions drawn by Ule, from the rt conditions are suitable the culti- NM. Glaziovii will have to be replaced by that of the : m ia. The question as to which of the three species is to be preferred depends chiefly on the nature of the soil, Since they grow under nearly similar climatic conditions. Ina rather firm, loamy soil M. dichotoma is the most suitable Tianteg Must M. heptaphylla and M. piauhyensis should be Planted in a light sandy soil. 1, dichotoma has the advantage aint other two species in that its seeds germinate especially Hevea brasiliensis is obviousl : f uxuriant tron; ‘ y the most important plant for pe — Sit og “oe M. heptaphyiia and i pial and legs fertile districts, a$ the rubber plants of the future for ry - Ule promises further detail : ; 8, together with a map and five Ley iar och oe of “Ni otizblatt."* The mre. outline reader, - article isadded for the convenience of the s — oe. XL—NEW ORCHIDS: pEcapE 31, _ Rolfe, hen Ore Ralf Species insignis, a L. macrantha, . differt, obtuso et venis regulariter flabellatis oS be Ube aca has come to’ Lies Mod st Notizblatt, No 414 Vv the three nat While this article, 8@ 414, Ba, vy. f January 25th, 1908 ee gud Manihot are given, as wen the Press. A sae ver photographs bs Eo begadrs ee - drawings of the leaves, fowers, fruits, 69 Pseudobulbi a anguste conici, 8-10 cm. longi, circa 2 em. lati, vaginis membranaceis albidis venosis imbricatis tecti. Folia membranacea, ovato-elliptica, breviter acuminata, undulata, plicata, 10-12 em. longa, 4-5 cm. lata; petioli dilatati, in vaginis imbri- catis Sg eee gam acutis carinatis et striatis inclusi. Scapus erectus, acute 5-angulatus, purpureus, circa 15 cm. altus ; racemus laxus. Bracteae triangulari-subulatae, acutae, 2 mm. ongae. Pedicelli angulati, purpurei, 1°55 cm jong: Flores magni, purpurei. Sepalum posticum oblongo - lanceolatum, acutum, 15 cm. lo ongum ; sepala lateralia oblonga, acuta, circa 1:2 cm. longa, marginibus revolutis. Petala filiformia, 15 em. longa. Labellum orbiculare, crebre denticulatum, leviter recurvum, 15- 17 cm. latum, ima basi callosum. Columna clavata, incurva, onga. PENANG. Curtis. Sent to Mr. H. A. Tracy, of Twickenham, by Mr. C. Curtis, of the Forest Department, Penang, and flowered in the collection of Mr. H. T. Pitt, Rosslyn, Stamford Hill, in April, 1906. It flowered at Kew in June of the following year, when a drawing was made for the Botanical Magazine. 302. Liparis Warpuri, Rolfe; a L. parva, Ridl., floribus majus- culis, labello crenulato differt. Herba caespitosa, pusilla. Cawles approximati, carnosuli, 2-3 em. longi, monophylli, vaginis imbricatis puncticulatis obtecti. folia sessilia, anguste ovata, acuta, subconduplicata, ‘> cm. ci em. lata. Scapi gas 7-8 mm. longae, 3-4 mm. latae. Pedicelli 1-13 cm. ele majusculi, virides. Sepaluwm posticum lineare, 18 ¢ longum, gpd Bo revolutis; sepala late ilar Faiecsrtlotps. obtusa, 1°5 cm. longa. Petala deflexa, filiform circa 1-4 cm. longa. Labellum recurvum, ab AL ee! iia aianeae obovatum, denticulatum, circa 1°2 cm. ‘long m, 1 cm. latum; discus carnosus, minute verrucosus, ad basin aie bicornuto parvo instructus. Columna incurva, 6-7 mm. longa, alis parvis obtusis. MADAGASCAR. Wurpur. A curious little plant, introduced about seven years ago, which a flowered several times in the Kew collection, and never ceeds a few inches high. The flowers are few and large for the aise of the plant, light green, with a dark green disc to the lip. 303. Cirrhopetalum fascinator, Rolfe; a C. appendiculato, Rolfe, floribus multo — shel eies i. appendicibus linearibus nec foliaceis differt Herba epiphytica. Rhizoma repens, validum. Pseudobulbi breviter tetragono-oblongi, nitidi, 1°5-2°5 cm. longi, 1-2 cm. lati, monophylli. Folia sessilia, coriacea, elliptico-oblonga, obtusa, 2-7 cm. longa, 1°5-3 cm. lata. Scapt patentes, circa 10 cm. longi, uniflori. Bracteae spathaceae, apice acutae, 1 cm. longae. Flores magni, pallide virides, purpureo-punctati et ornati. Sepalum posticum ovatum, acuminatum, 2°5-3 cm. longum, supra medium 10 ciliatum et appendicibus filiformibus amethystino-purpureis ornatum ; sepala lateralia connata, oblongo-lanceolata, longissime caudato-acuminata, 13-18 cm. longa, basi coriacea, crebre verrucosa, marginibus revolutis. Petala falcato-oblonga, subacuta, circa 2 cm. longa, margine et apice appendicibus filiformibus amethy- stino-purpureis ornata. Labellum recurvum, _ovato-oblongum, subobtusum, canaliculatum, bicarinatum, carinis et marginibus puberulis. Oolwmna lata, 8 mm. longa, marginibus acutis, alis latis tridentatis. ANNAM. Attopen, Micholitz. Introduced by Messrs. Sander & Sons, from whom it was received in 1905, and flowered at Kew in September, 1907. The ground colour of the flowers is light green, and the markings dull purple, these consisting of five stripes and a few spots on the dorsal sepal, and numerous minute dots on the column and on the base of the petals, while the lip and sides of the lateral sepals are suffused with the same colour. The remarkable appendages on the petals and dorsal sepal are amethyst-purple in colour. 304. Cirrhopetalum papillosum, Rolfe; a C.retusiusculo, Reich. f., et omnibus speciebus generis mihi notis, sepalis lateralibus papilloso-hispidis facile distinguendum. _ Pseudobulbi approximati, anguste elliptico- oblongi, 2 cm. longi, circa 8 mm. lati, monophylli. Folia angust oblonga, subobtusa, coriacea, circa 4 ¢ nga, 7-8 mm. lata. 5 em. longi, vaginis lanceolatis paucis obtecti. Bracteae lanceolatae, : acuminatae, 6-7 mm. longae , cocsecemaaag eciliatum, 3-4 mm. gate. Becaeik . »parce papillosis; sepala lateralia lanceolato- linearia, acumina plus minusve connata, 2-25 cm. longa, infra Petala lata elliptico-oblonga, longum, - ‘onga, trinervia. Labellum recurvum, Cole etre licwlatum, glabrum, 2 mm. longum. mm. longa, dentibus brevibus subacutis. SIAM. Mountains e : : 600 m. alt., Dr. Arthur Kory. enema, Be ooenons, reer. # his ee aa prs College Botanic Garden, Dublin, in ixon. The dorsal ie oe determination by Prof. Henry H. a pale ground, and ae and petals are lined with dark purple on _ red-brown. The remarkable pe Olicers of H.M.S. Penguin ; sis, Rolfe; a 8. Engleriano, Krinzl., angustioribus omnino liberis, 73 Calis brevis, erectus. Folia ee os oblonga, oblique bidentata. Scapi penduli, circa 30 em. longi; racemi circa 15 em. longi, a are patentes, trangulartovatae, acumi- natae, 2-3 mm. , basi con Pedicelli patentes vel reflexi, ene aa cm. longi. ‘Sac gilvi, brunneo-punctati. Sepala s tentia, unguiculata, 1-2-1°5 em. longa, limbus late elliptiensy miter Petala subpatentia, ri stp a sepalis a ullo minora. Label/um unguiculatum, trilobum que lineari angustissimo, lobis we 9 patentibus taleato-oblongis obtusis, lobo intermedio minuto, disco tuberculo minuto instructo, calcari erecto oblongo obtuso. Colwmna oblonga, circa 2 mm. longa. SoLtomon ISLANDS. Tulagi, C. M. Woodford. Described from an inflorescence and from a_ photograph of the whole plant. It is said to be common throughout the Solomon Islands, XIIL—THE APPEARANCE OF COLPOMENIA SINUOSA IN BRITAIN. A. D. Corron. — Colpomenia sinuosa, Derbes & Sol., a Brown Alga of the family Encoeliaceae, is a plant that is found throughout the warmer seas, being known both from the tropics and from temperate regions. It occurs abundantly in the Mediterranean, but until recently has not been recorded in Europe farther north than Cadiz. In 1906 two French observers drew attention to the appearance of Colpomenia sinuosa on the 8.W. coast of Brittany, _ and during 1907 further notes were published on its occurrence at cohen localities in the neighbourhood of Cherbourg. Its presence now be chronicled on the coasts of Britain, specimens having Been collected by Mr. E. M. Holmes at Torquay in September, 1907, and by the writer at Swanage in the previous April. The appearance in these regions of an alga n not previously known nearer than the south of Spain is of considerable interest, especially when it is not a question of isolated individuals, but of the apparent establishment of the plant in several widely separated localities. Colpomenia sinuosa is moreover of sport ance from an economic standpoint, in that it may occasion considerable damage to the oyster industry. Though fr ae in the Mediterranean, and well known from other care oe si world, a complete account of Colpomenia sinuosa has n r been published. For this reason it was not examine them and to ines the identification. "The quay specim cnn agree iat ‘nseuneedl:‘Srig “wit Sas =adeee aaa 74 e and development is account elsewhere. fl P d, if, iy, hy Vy ti he . . Ys) wh) ny fe : Ms y y 108 bi 4 exh ns all i y f h 2 i ae ts yy) Wy f 4 aN dk, Kl Gy Bes Oy Z Fig. 2. Corpo: nehymato: Physes. x 400, Fig. 3. Lea ng a Ok of fertile pl howi Sp. = Plurilocular sporangia. | pee re, which ig =Unilocular sporangie” se opatenchy matous eesti ? In Pde Colpomenia sinu 8, @ Species with which ’ 0sa resembles Leathesia may be distingushed from th it has often been co nfused. It at plant by the thinner non-gelatinous 75 hesia also i young, and has a resiliency which is lacking in Colpomenia. - The history of the appearance of Colpomenia sinuosa on the West Coast of France and in the English Channel is as follows. In 1906, M. Fabre-Domergue, Inspector-General of Marine Fisheries, recorded (2) the a rance of a seaweed at Vannes, in the Gulf of Morbihan, which caused the oyster-cultivators considerable anxiety. .The plant was determined by Bornet to be Colpomenia. Fabre-Domergue states that the cultivators gave the seaweed the name of “Ballons” from the fact of their becoming, after exposure to the atmosphere at the lowest tides, partially filled with air, and floating to the surface of the water at the return tide. Considerable damage was done to the oyster-beds by the “ballons” not infre- quently bringing with them to the surface the young oysters amongst which they had been growing. The author quotes a communication from Bornet, stating that the alga was not positively known to occur north of Cadiz, and that records of its presence on the North Coast of Spain-are unreliable, especially as Leathesia, which is found on that coast, is not cited in Lazaro’s catalogue. Amongst methods employed by the oyster-cultivators to destroy Colpomenia, the only one which had been in any measure suc- walls, and by the structure, which is cellular and not filamentous. t is usually irregularly lobed even when quite localities in the same neighbourhood. From its distribution and abundance, the author believed that it had been introduced seve years previously and had already become acclimati The floating of the alga is explained by Sauvageau in the following manner. “Le Colpomenia trés jeunes est massif ; il se creuse en PAlgue par dessous, emprisonne l’air et ee le ballon, qui e Vannes.” Sanv eau also remarks that the method of breaking the currents and dispersion promoted. The number of oysters carried away from the beds is considerable, at times so much 80, that the cultivators take the trouble to recapture them with nets. In the beginning of April, 1907, Col ia was collected by. several botanists in the neighbourhood of Cherbourg. Corbiére (4) published a note on the subject, and added in a postacript that. 76 i i i d in he had seen a dried specimen from the same locality collecte : March of the previous year. Bornet confirmed Corbiére’s identi- fication. ‘T'wo further notes were published by Mangin (5 and 6), informed him that the alga was first observed in September, 1905. Fauvel (7) also noted the occurrence of the plant in the same In September, 1907, the writer received from Mr. E. M. Holmes some dried specimens of an alga like Leathesia collected at Torquay, with a request to examine its structure. Mr. Holmes stated that the plant was quite distinct from Leathesia, and suggested a Colpomenia affinity, The specimens were immature, and, except for a minute ent, sterile. The plant occurred fairly plenti- fully at Torquay, being found as an epiphyte on Corallina, Rhody- menia palmata, etc., and later supplies afforded fertile material. The first of these was a fine specimen about the size of a tennis ball, ; i have been sent at intervals during the autumn, have been smaller. The fertile material showed the general structure of Colpomenia sinuosa, though the sporangia differed somewhat in size and other details from those of published iptions, and also from the slides in the British Museum mens, which fortunately had been preserved, prove on examina- Holmes’s plant, and undoubtedly - Sinuosa. On gathering, they were the walls were very thin and non-gelatinous, At Swana at ge, as Torquay, the plant occurred as an epiphyte. ; From the above account, it will be seen that Colpomenia sinwosa Bactish te qave thoroughly established itself in the waters of the lish Channel. On the British Shores, as on the coast of France, it has appeared at localities widel well-known hunting grounds , Some Years ago since b, ing in Madlt a : ' avis — that it may Bere first ostablia ; - § the winter of 1906-7. © ts ma have played at important part in its advance, On the'bihier thin 77 it may have been directly introduced to our shores by vessels; or conceivably with the consignments of young oysters that are imported from France to be “fattened” on the British culture- grounds, from whence it may have travelled along the coast. The naturalisation of a marine bos on foreign shores is interesting and uncommon. Cases are known in which algae have been introduced and may to rte found settling down and slowly spreading in the immediate vicinity. The Japanese Bonnemaisonia hamifera is a case in point. This alga is confined to certain spots on the south coast of England, and is found in very small quantity only. With Colpomenia it is otherwise. For over a centur nt Be it has been recognised from the Mediterranean region, but, as far as known, has not during that period spread in a northerly direction. By some means it now appeared in various localities in France and England, where it thrives and spreads rapidly, the external conditions appearing to be perfectly suitable to vigorous growth. he presence of warm currents due to the Gulf Stream would probably account for a soutbern alga being able to flourish in the English Channel, though it is not easy to see why Colpomenia should not have read previously along the coasts of See 2 and Portugal, which receive the full ben oft of the oaeee M. Bornet, in a letter to Mr. Holmes, suggests tha F Coleman has been brought to Vannes by the vessels that convey living lobsters from Portugal to be cultivated in the Gulf of Morbihan. This explanation is possible enough, although as noted above there is no certain record that the plant occurs on the Portuguese coast. Literature. 1. MITCHELL, M. 0. On the structure of Hydroclathrus, Bory. Murray’s Phycological Memoirs, Part ii. 1903. pp. 53-57. Plates XIV. and XV. 2. FABRE-DOMERGUE. sma oe d’Algues méridionales oe eng a sinuosa) sw res de la riviére de Vannes. mptes Rendus, CXLII. 1907, aor 1993-1225. 3. SAUVAGEAU, C. A propos du Colpomenia sinuosa signalé dans les huitriéres de = aoe de Vannes. Bulletin scientifique d’Arcachon, IX. 1906, p 4, CORBIERE, L. Say bGaaree a Cherbourg du Colpomenia sinuosa. Bull. de la Soc.-Bot. de France, LIV. 1907, pp. 280-283. 5. MANGIN, L. A propos du Colpomenia sinuosa, (Roth) Derb. et Sol. Bull. de la Soc. Bot. de Pendle 1907, pp. 283-284. 4. MANGIN, L. Sur l’existence du Colpomenia ola dans la gage Comptes Rendus Soe. Biol. Paris, LXII. 1907, pp. 793- 95. 7. Fauven, P. Sur la présence d no epee sinuosa @ Cherbourg. La feuille des Jeunes Naturalistes, 1907, p. p. 146. 78 XII.—PATCHOULI. (Pogostemon Patchouli, var. suavis, Hk. f. = P. Cablin, Benth.) : ; in the Patchouli has already been the subject of several articles mm Kew Bulletin. The eorlieat notice [K.B, 1888, p. 71] fe with the source of commercial Patchouli ; the second [K. ae p. 133] and third [K.B. 1889, p. 135] are chiefly at aed ae ‘aden the cultivation of the plant and the trade in Patchouli ; t Oe a K.B. 1902, p. 11] discusses the identity and range of hae pate of another plant, Microtoena cymosa, Prain, which has the same odour as the Patchouli of commerce. In the first of these notices of Patchouli is given the text - _ letter [K.B. 1888, Pp. 73] addressed by Kew to the Governmen it India on 30th January, 1888, in which the information then ava - able and the points’ stil] requiring elucidation are clearly and precisely put. As that letter states the true Patchouli plant is free from ambiguity ; itis the Po gostemon Patchouli described and figured by Sir William Hooker in the Kew Jou tiva im ully confirmed. The economic » Which is abundantly cultivated in the Straits Settlements, almost exclusively by Chi i i pe is practically unknown. It was to oyal Botanic Garden at Calcutta in 1834, when Dr. Wallich recej 8 from Mr. G. Porter, then in charge of the Botanic Gard and thrive there. It has never Botanic Garden at Saharanpur, where it was introduced from Calentta. At th oy f its having owered be record of its ingapore, according to Mr. Hullett, no One had ever of its flowering ; the evidence addu y Mr. Wray [K.B. 1889, p. 136 having flowered at Penang n ; ds also it appears Java and in Mauritius ; in these eahed as never to : _ Fecord of its cultivation on a com: Bu Penang and Perak. ; There Was No evidence in the Kew there still 18 Done, of the existence of Patchouli, Scented o; i both Herbaria, of China, so 79 >. * that the Patchouli plant of commerce may have originated China, still lacks confirmation. Such a suggestion, seeing that the Patchouli plant of commerce is cultivated by the Chinese in the Straits Settlements, was certainly an extremely natural one to e. It now seems unlikely, however, that it may ever be con- firmed. Not only has no Pogostemon with the Patchouli odour been reported from China; we are now aware that, though Patchouli is well known in China, the Chinese Patchouli plant is neither the Patchouli plant of commerce nor the Indian Patchouli plant, but is the plant with the Patchouli odour alluded to in the Kew Bulletin for 1888 as oceurring in Khasia and Assam. This latter plant, Microtoena cymosa, Prain, has been already dealt with (K.B. 1902, p. 11], and it is only necessary to repeat here that it isa Chinese species which seems to have spread southward, as a cultivated plant, to Manipur and the Khasia Hills in Assam and to the Shan States of Burma and Siam. There is, indeed, an isolated record of its having reached Java, not improbably as an importation by Chinese settlers; its cultivation there has not, however, persisted, and there is no indication that it ever reached Sumatra, Borneo or the Malay Peninsula. that the additional suggestion made in 1888 by Professor Oliver, i ree, imported from the Straits Settlements. The cultivation of d E Heyneanus is similarly continued in native gardens throughout t to C This latter possibility was fully anticipated in the earliest notice of 838, p. . The scented form, much more frequently met with than the other, was described by Bentham in 1830 as Pogostemon Heyneanus—he had used the name for the first time [Wall. Cat. Lith. 1532] two years previously. The other form was later distinguished by Bentham as P, Heyneanus, var. (3. ae ss more plentiful of ie two forme is not, voxithsrt confined to India and Ceylon. It is not uncommon n : d Borneo; in ve Malay Peninsula it has been collected in 80 almost every province. So far it does not seem to have been recorded from any Malay locality to the east of Borneo, but what may be another form of the species occurs in the Southern Shan states of Burma, side by side with the Chinese Microtoena cymosa, and the commoner Indian and Malayan form has more recently been found in the Philippine island of Mindanao, though as yet nowhere else in that group. When the nature of its habitat has been noted, whether in India, Malaya, or the Philippines, the records are very uniform ; it is stated to occur in exposed sunny waste places; in waste ground near vill es; at or near cleared camping grounds; near sites of abandoned dwellings; or in native gardens. The form that occurs in native gardens in India and Ceylon is also met with in gardens in Java; the same form has also been collected in Tonkin. So far, however, it has not been reported from Sumatra, the Malay Peninsula, or Borneo. Though the name Patchapat—Patchouli leaf—igs probably . applied indifferently in Indian bazars to any leaf that has the Patchouli is alone applied ; first, because the India ; E ; first, n plant known . _ natives as Patchouli or Patcha had already es named + Heyneanus in 1828 ; again, because the name P. Patchouly, pla ~ — ptetiotion for the i i ) y him to the nt known in the Indi lars as Patchouli, but was given to th ab eebtithorcs, which. 4 See a esa rac a e Patchouli of commerce, which is ey were thought to be when the account of the ae ma es drawn up for the Flora of separa eynea ing : ficall sparingly tb lua porte the leaves are much ewer aid ate freely produced in all the countrnn oe the flowers, which are found, are i ; sountries in which the plant has been by distinct intorpor no” less than half an inch ace | lip, In : air a or leaves are thicker and finer shoul plant of produced only in th = the flowers, ‘which are freely © Philippines but which have occasionally 81 been met with also in European cultivated specimens, are in larger whorls, three-quarters of an inch across, which are contiguous throughout the spikes in which they are arranged, or have only the lowest whorl separated by an interspace from the rest of the spike ; the corolla is uniformly pubescent outside. e Patchouli plant of commerce has been differently named by different authors. Tenore, who flowered it in Italy in 1847, described it [Giorn. Bot. Ital., vol. ii., p. tf - P. suavis. Sir William Hooker, who had received a plant of P. suavis, Ten., which flowered at Kew in 1849, te tbed it aa Patchouli, under the impression that it was in reality identical with the plant described by eariag with whom it had flowered in Hats in 1844, as P. Patchouly [Mem. Soe. Se. Orleans, vol. v., p. 277, t.7). The identity of % suavis, Ten., with P. Patc houly, Pellet., was not admitted in the Flora of British India, and in that work it has been suggested that the plant to which Pelletier’s description applies is the cultivated plant to which the Indian vernacular name Patchouli belongs, rather than the plant which yields the Patchouli of commerce. Now, however, that better material of the Patchouli plant of commerce has reached Kew from the Philippines, where it is sometimes grown in gardens, and where, as Mr. Merrill has recently ascertained, it is oftener wild, and is undoubtedly indigenous, it is found that Sir William Hooker's e conclusions are certainly right. His identification of P. , Ten., with ie aichouly, Pellet., and his php of this - letit as a quite distinct species, must "oth be sustai We are, however, fortunately aires of the necessity of using for the Patchouli of commerce the name P. Patchouly, applied to it by Pelletier. In the ving “Sy where the plant is native, it bears the vernacular name Cablan. This name was taken up by Blanco, who described the cient hie the first time under the name Mentha Cablin. sigh plant was duly transferred by Bentham to its proper genus as Pogostemon Cablin. Bentham has thus provided a name for the Patchouli of commerce which has the eg advantage of being botanically admissible and at the same me free from ambiguity. He far then as Patchouli is concerned one or two points appear still to be obscure. It is not clear where the plant known to the ‘natives of India as Patchouli or Patcha is indigenous, though on e whole it is probably a native of the western portion of the Indian Peninsula, as su Kew Bulletin for 1888, ‘p. 74. Nor is it clear when the wild Philippine species, which is the source of the Patchouli of commerce, first to be cul- tivated, or how this plant should have found its way pee the hands of the Chinese i immigrants who cultivate it in the Straits Settlements Two adulterant are mentioned by Wray [K. B. 1889, 3 dea it * being added to commercial Patchouli. One of these, elsewhere [K. B. 1888, p. 72] termed Bupulut, is correctl en as Urena lubata, Linn. The other, Ruku, is to be Ocimum Basilicum, Linn., var. pilosum, Benth. To some extent this plant does appear to be so pate But the name Ruku, as a rule, is _not applied to O. Basilicum, but to Hyptis graveolens, Poit. In 31012 c 82 . . f i t this minor error in an article so valuable as that o Wray Tai to be added that the mistake is one for which vee is not responsible, but is the result of imperfect diagnosis o i : Samples of detached leaves and fruiting calyces of Ruku supplie for identification. XIV.—MISCELLANEOUS NOTES, Rumpenheim Lilac—For very many years there grew in the gardens of Cambridge Cottage at Kew (the residence of the two last Dukes of Cambridge) a pair of lilacs of somewhat unusual character. They have each forme r having been raised from the case. Besides their unusual appearance, these lilacs have a certain historical interest. ‘They had both been brought from Rumpen- heim-on-the-Main near Frankfort, a favourite palace of the Hesse 8 frequently mentioned in Sheppard’s Private Life of the of Camridge, from which work we learn that it was bequeathed by ndgrave Frederick of years of age, he wrote “I am delighted d Rumpenheim.” He made his accustomed pilgrimage to Rumpenheim for the last time on August 25, 1903, less than a year before he died. Meh ndens ons of the Duke in 1904 Kew of royal residence, a distinction it had possessed since 1730, when Frederick Prince of Wales and his Consort Augusta came to live at ow saouse. Cambridge Cottage has now been iven over by e King for public use. These two lilacs have always been objects of peculiar interest to the Royal Family, especially to the He pdants of the Landgra ri bov. ceased to be a place h nem should be transferred to the gardens at Windsor. This as accordingly done in 1905. The other and larger one, Which wag ing j Decembe 33, 1907, to the 1 front ember to the lawn in fron of Kew Palace, a building which hag cc j EU aiie With the Royal Family than Cambridge —. peeeesenon : for the Ballas Aer on ~The Royal Servian Commissioner tie tea ow “1 Exhibition, held at Earl’s Court during 1907, of Servian ti te eteseum a Collection of 4] sections of trunks Servia, and “ae wr Fees, also stems of flax and hemp grown in smPen Tope; [See Cases 17 ana 110, Museum No. I.] 83 Mr. ©. W. —S Government Land Department, Britian Guiana, has presented :—1. Ball of Native spun cotton wrap leaf (andatemmioandas spun by Wai-Woi Indians. [See Case 13, Museu rrow points poisoned with Woura (Sienee toxifera), sed by Tee Indians, sources of ssequibo River, British Guiana. [See Case 79, Museum No. I.] ‘Manan J. H. Vavasseur & Co., Ltd., 4, Lloyd’s Avenue, E.C., have presented a series of samples of desiccated Cocoa-Nut. [See Museum No. II., Room V., Table Case.] Lady Hindlip has a the following specimens collected by her in British Columbia :—I. Sphagnum acutifolium, Cassiar district, used by Indian woul for wrapping up their babies, II. Dried plant of Veratrum viride from Wrangell, Alaska. The root is used by the Indians for the preparation of snuff. Mr. W. Crosley, 65, Addison Road, W., has presented specimens of the nest of a Weaver bird collected by him in the Republic of Colombia. The nests are made of the leaves of a grass or sedge which are indeterminable. They were accompanied by a drawing by the donor, made from sketches taken on the spot, shewing the situation of the nests on the somewhat bare and extended branches of eas alias trees. When sending the nests Mr. Crosley wrote as follow “T am afraid 1 can’t give give you mnch information as Jo the bird’s habits. Its chuice of a nesting place seems to be rned by the consideration of isolation and freedom trots possibility of entanglement. A rather bare extended eatiod of a living tree, away from creepers and parasites, so that the swinging in a high wind would be harmless. “T have no knowl edge of any eee that they may show for any particular species of tree, but I do seem to recollect that they avoid the ‘ Ceiba’ (which is the equivalent of the cottonwood tree of West Africa) as I never saw nests attached to that tree, although it is the giant tree of those forests, often running up to considerably over 100 feet before branching. The ‘ Ceiba’ is considered more or less poisonous by the natives, hither from the dropping of the flowers and cotton, or trom the effect of the roots, I don’t know. An yhow, water stm from near such trees or lying around them is considered ‘ Isana.” For the specimens see Table Case, Room ning Museum No. II. me M. H. oes to the Herbarium during 1907.—Over 12,000 sheets re pre or sent in exchange by about 120 persons and institeone. while over 7,000 sheets were pure The principal collections are enumerated below. Except where other- wise stated or implied, the collections purchased are named, and those presented are unnamed or only Re a named. VarRIoUS PARTS THE WOR Presented :—Botanical collections of the wie Dr. M. ft. Mast rs, F.R.S., presented by Mrs. Master's ; duplicates, mainly Tropical 2 American, by the Royal rele Py ferns of the Iate Jolin Day, by a “Coke, noone ac by Si od. Wats, ; Dioscor ree by the? Departiient ae of Public Gardens and Plantations, Jamai : Be . Pur chased : :—Kneucker, “ Cyperaceae et Juncaceae 3 xsiccataeé,”” ; lie f. vi.; “Gramineae Exsi iccatae,” lie af xxi.-xxii.; C. F. Baker,’ « Economic Plants of the World,” fase: tae,” Cent. xiv.,. EUROPE. Presented :-—« Kryptogamae Exsicca ae, fe by the Imperial Natural eee Vienna ; Hieraciothe Botanical Museum, oe of Helsingfors ; oe oem florae é Exsiccatae,” rn i~i ‘ Pe polskie.” Cent. i-ii., by D M. a > “ Musei Galliae,” concluding fascicle, by Mr. . - se slides of British Floridea eae, by Mr, A. D. Co tton ; Juglan r. L.A. Dode. iii. rehased = Sydow, ‘ * Mycotheca Germanica,” fasc. x.-x Adamovic, pert n Peninsula Dahlstedt, “ Herbarium Hicraeiéetifi Scandinaviae,” _Norrr pitiee fer ‘Ontnirn, Presented :-—“ Plantae eae ex Africa Th teas, fase. i, by Dr. Sy, Murbeck ; Western Pers ” by Mr. Th. § 8s. Ppoiacoy: joe wines Persia and Asia Minor. EASTERN Asta, Presented :—Named specimens, by the Nataral History Museu um, Paris ; the Imperial Botanic Gar i St. ee Chinese and Malayan Ferns, by Fleet-Surge C. G. Matthew feels AND Thea Presented Dr. T. Cooke, C.LE.. play Hills, ¥ Maras by Dr. A.G. B. Bou Burma, Mr. J. H. ta i Podostemae ] { ] Batten Singapore; named Philippine ea Dip carpaceae, by the ‘rawse of Science, joe se gud D tian by Mr. A: Loher , Purchased : ‘Philippine Islands, Elmer, AUSTRALASIA. Presented : —Scarce N. 8. Wales reg by the Botanic Gardens, Sydney ; 8. Australia, by Mr. se Black ; named Australian Marine Algae, by Mr. AY dD, Cot ; Frane, New anon, named, b y Me @ Beuati “raion ‘Talands by Mr. © Mee Resillen and Deputy Commissioner ; New Zealand, by Mr, ¢ J. Burgess ; New Zealand Algae, by Mr. R. M. Pipe y- ‘—Schlech Bie hOPrOAL. AFRICA, —By D lier ; ; Y Dr. Auguste Cheva erra Leone, na named, by Mr, C. Ww. Smythe; Gold Coast, by A, E. E j i k, 7 if ter, New ees d, Ma, by the Imperial Institute ; §, Nigeria, r. vgn Dennett, by oy E. W Foster, ‘% H Unwin: and Brown, Beane’ by Me | Sudan, a Mr. A. F Broun; Dawe aT ; Somaliland Grasses, by Dr R, E. Drake -Br rockman ; Hutching. and Battiscombe, British Kast Africa, by Mr. E. Hutchins; British East Africa and. Pemba, by Miss Barraud ; British East Afr rica, by Mr. H. Powell ; British Central Africa, by Mr. J. M. Purves; Rhodesia, by Mr. C. E. Allen; Southern Rhodesia, named, by Miss L. 8S. Gibbs ; W. H. Johmaee Mozambique, by the Companhia de ‘Merautiate Purchased :—Zenker, Cameroons. _ MASCARENE ISLANDS. Presented :—Aldabra, by Mr. H. Pp. Thomasset ; Seychelles, by Mr. R. Dupont ; pupae by Mr. P. Koenig. Purchased :—Boncard, Madagascar Fungi. SoutH AFRICA. Presented: :—Schlechter, named, by Dr. H. Schinz; Transvaal, &e., by the Transvaal Department of Agri- culture ; ; named Transvaal zpecleplaslaaees; by Mr. P. Conrath ; Natal, by the Botanic Gardens, Natal Purchased : :—Pegler, Transkei. _ NoRTH AMERICA. Presented:—By Ju dge J. R. Churchill ; Lindheimer’s Texan plants of 1849-51, an v., by the, Missouri Botanic Garden; Hebbasch, Labrador, by Si ir W. MacGregor, G.C sea C.B. urchased :—C. F. Baker, Pacific slope; W. W. Eggleston, N. ci United States. | MEXICO. Presented :—By the United States National Museum. Purchased :—Palmer, Mexico ; Pringle, Mexico. West INDIEs. oo and Bermudas, named, by the New York Botanical Garde oe Wen SouTH AMERICA. Presented :—Sao Paulo, Brazil, by Dr. A. Uste Purchas iicaukeabicttiny Colombia, &c., unnamed ; Fiebrig, . Bolivia ; Susana Paraguay, unnamed. Perhaps the most noteworthy accession was a fine set of partly named French Sudan and Congo plants, comprising ever 1,500 sheets, presented by the collector, Dr. Auguste Chevalier. The collection has not yet been examined in detail, but many of the specimens come from regions that were previously botanically unknown or little explored. Specimens of numerous interesting economic plants were received, amongst which the following may be mentioned :— ordeauxia edulis, Hemsl., a low bush which vista. the “ veheb nut” of Somaliland (see Kew Bull, sa p- ears Mascarenhasia elastica, K. Schum., the Mgoa ubber-tree of East Africa (L.¢., p. 283) ; and Parcaentiol pleat A. Obey, which yields the Guayule rubber of Mexico (/.c., a 285). 86 » Prageluria Telosma, Coville ( Prageluria, N. E. Br. Shs eg ara Was proposed in the Kew Bulletin, 1907, p. : sist Linea which has hitherto been mistaken for Panetta + ie ine transpireg however, that Coville had In | ein the United name Telosma for the same genus Sse ? name. wae States National Herbtrium, ix., p. 334). f ects Plante ‘at appears in an alphabetical descriptive list T . isd: « Siatemaa the Island of Guam,” had been entirely overlooked. . il. Genera therefore replaces Pergularia in Benth. and Hook. fil ntarumyii., p. 773. N. E. B. Research in Jodrell Laboratory in 1907 :— pp. 145-] Boodle, L. A — : tule of Juliania Microscopic Structure of the Ovule of Ju ars adstringens, (In Hania, Ww. B.—On the J "Eoh Bell A New Natural Order of Plants ; Phil. Trans, er B., Vol. 199, pp, 185-188, with eight Figs. in text.) Brandis, D.~Remarks on the rans. Linn. Soc., 2 tt. 11-14.) . Ann, Hickling, @—Tho Anatomy of Palacostachya verdad. (Al e Vol XXL, pp. 369-386, tt. 32-33° with four Figs in text.) 7, Boodle, L. A.—N’hangellite and Coorongite. (Kew Bull., 190 51.) es Structure of Bamboo Leav Ser. Bot, Vol. VII, pp. 69-92, etophytes, Fertilization and — of Ocphalotaxys drupacea, (Ann, Bot. Vol. - » tt. 1-4.) Lawson, A. A.—The Gametoph sineae with Special refe ytes and Embryo of the Cupres- (Ann. Bot., Vol. XX] rence to Libocedrus decurrens. » PP. 281-301, tt. 24-26.) -~Plant Diseases - WAL, .« Conifers, (Kew Bull, 1907, pp. Massee, @—Plant Diseases : VIUI.—Degeneration in Potatoes. (Kew Bull., 1907, PP. 307-311, with one plate.) (Massee, GIA Pine Disease (Diplodia pinea), (Journ. : Board Agric., Vol, X1V,, Pp. 164-166.) (Massee, .]—Clover Sickness, (Journ, Board Agric., Vol. XIV., PP. 223-227, With two Fj ; text.) Cluster-cup ” Disease of 1-3, with one plate.) igs. in [ Massee, @.]—Degeneration in Potatoes, Journ. Board Agric., Vol XIV., pp. 385-389, With one aa Salmon, E. 8—~On g Fungus Disease of the Cherry-Laurel Prunus Laurocerasus Reprint, 1907, from 8 8, inn.), ( ourn, Ro ° Hort. 8 . 1, : 142-146, with one Fig. ie any Vol XXXI., 1906, pp 87 Scott, D. H. and Maslen, A. J.—The Structure of the Palaeo- zoic Seeds, Trigonocarpus Parkinsoni, Brongniart, and Trigonocarpus Oliveri, sp. noy. Part I. (Ann ot., Vol. XXI., pp. 89-134, tt. 11-14.) Worsdell, W. C.—The Origin of the “Flower.” Science Pro- gress in the Twentieth Century, Vol. II., pp. 255-262. Dr. J. Berghs, of the Institut Carnoy, Louvain, studied the cytology of certain fresh-water algae, and especially the cell- division of the Conjugatae. 8 is a curious product resembling bitumen and apparently derived chiefly from a gelatinous Alga: see above, Dr. F. E. Fritsch and Miss M. E. Narborough began a series of experiments on the osmotic pressure of the cell-sap in Algae, and other factors affecting growth, &c. Mr. P. Groom began a research on the occurrence of fat in different Phanerogamons plants. Mr. W. E. Hiley examined the vascular structure of Gleichenia pectinata, and compared it with that of other species, the chief interest of the comparison being due to the fact that G. pectinata has solenostelic structure, while all the other Species of the genus, as far as is known, are protostelic. Dr. A. A. Lawson continued his series of investigations on the morphology of the Gymnosperms, and made a special study of the gametophytes and embryo of the Cupressineae. His conclusion, derived principally from a consideration of the presence or absence of certain vestigial structures, is that the Cupressineae do not present as many primitive characters as the Abietineae, but are more primitive than Cephalotaxus : see above. Mr. A. J. Maslen studied the course of the vascular bundles in the ovules of several Cycads. r. W. C. Worsdell continued to collect materials for a general morphological work on Vegetable Teratology; and also carried on m present vascular structure of both groups of plants has been derived, Mr. Worsdell also made a special morphological and anatomical study of Paeonia, with a view to determining the true systematic position of this genus. Pathology.—During the past year over six hundred reports on plant inden have Boe ae A great number of specimens infected, or suspected of being infected. by American gooseberry — 88 . : sed f mi have been submitted for examination. A point o inenpreie in connection with this disease is the fact — winter fruit or perithecia fall from the shoots during me : ber considerable numbers, hence, to secure the greatest gr * I pruning, the work should not be delayed beyond mer ve. indicated, as the spores from the perithecia which fall to ground may infect young shoots in the following spring. A series of experiments on certain species of Dodder mt _ prove that dredging with calcium sulphide was a destructiv measure, The work bearing on the transmission of disease by means of hibernating mycelium in potatoes ha past 0 ing no obvious sigus of we numerous specimens of apparently sound tubers were specially treated, and a considerable percentage of these have been proved to contain mycelium, Black seab of potatoes has also been under investigation. Diseased material has been received f or examination at Kew from various British colonies and dependenci encies, Sree a ee ey —The plants figured and described are: x Phi dron Corsinianum, Makoy, Paeonia Mlokosewitschii, Lomakin, Viburnum utile, Hemsl., Herbertia potlae m, C. H. Wright, and Pseudolarix Fortunei, Mayr. The Botanical Magazine for January. loden -. the Prince of Venosa, at Albano, near Rome), and the Director, Cav. A. Pucci Ge oe sinianum is a crogg between P. Lindenii ¢ and P. lucidum $. It was dedicated to H.E. the Prin ini erence. The entire stock of the sss. Makoy, of Liege.” Pyeonj ine Were raised from seed received D. The Chinese Viburnum utile 1h Hite ome Wood. It is a aoe: ¢ ies by its thick leaves whic above and dense Y tomentose beneath. The 89 to the number of hardy flowering shrubs hich ma have been introduced by Messrs. Veitch during the last few years. Herbertia amato was described for the first time last year ( S, =| ag FS — -_ & FR ® a > =) B Phas Q S > 2 @ a mM te) Fe i) i=) ie i) & = wei S outer perianth-segments. It is the most handsome of the species so far introduced. Pseudolarix Fortunei has been in cultivation The Red Rust of Tea—By H. H. Mann and C. M. Hutchinson. (Memoirs of the Department of Agriculture of India, Vol. I.. No. 6, 1907.) The disease of the tea plant, known as Red Rust, Cephaleuros virescens, Kunze, is of special interest to botanists in that it is one of the few cases in which an alga is parasitic upon a flowering plant. First observed about 1880, and determined by Cunningham in 1889 to be caused by an algal parasite, Red Rust has during recent years assumed serious proportions. In the latest contribution to the subject several new points are brought to light, a short account therefore of the disease may not be without interest. __ After an introductory and historical chapter the authors turn to the general effect of Cephaleuros virescens, and point out the two distinct forms in which Red Rust is found, viz., the leaf form and the stem form. On the leaf the alga is usually epiphytic, and the damage occa- sioned is insignificant; on the stems and branches, on the other hand, it is endophytic, and the effect is more serious. The shoots gradually become unhealthy and die, and, in bad eases, entire trees ultimately succumb. The details concerning the leaf-form need not be referred to here, the blight in that position being only important as a source 90 i inci tures of its develop- infection to the stems. The principal fea gine petro eotwall known through the work of Cunningham, Ward, and Karsten. red patches on the stem are due to numerous reproductive bate of the alga which burst through the bark, and probably peo e ore hors suggest, the last stage of the parasite, infec having taken place the previous rainy season. Dealing with the spread of the disease, it is pointed out that there are two method dispersed : (1 gametangia, usually more or less sunk aw: gia, which are elevated on sterile —_ Sporangia (*‘ haken-sporangia ”’) posses a curious mecharfism which provides for their detachment. ie i i med at the junction of the stalk- cell and the sporangium, splittin Causes the sporangium to be throw n off in to Dispersion by wind follows and the Sporangium, after being moistened by rain or dew, matures and liberates zoospores in su anner That wind distribution takes highly probable, but the account given of the germination of er Zoospores (pp. 14 and 15) will require confirmation before it wi sts in general. Experiments were conducted with reference to the passing of the disease (1) from leaf to leaf ite have been wished ; the growth of the he artificially infected Shoots being poor and n altogether characteristic. Attempts to infect either leaves - shoots from infected stems were Without result. the fo; 91. parasite may completely encircle the shoots and that for a length of several inches. The practical conclusions to be drawn from the investigations are as follows. Cutting out infected shoots in May, and spraying at the same time of year proved useless, as also firing the bushes and collar-pruning. The most hopeful line of treatment is to promote healthy vigorous growth through good cultivation by attention to soil and drainage, at the same time removing weak and twiggy shoots. Overplucking should be strenuously guarded against, In the disease dealt with above Cephaleuros is a parasite on the tea plant ; algae that are endophytic on the higher plants are not uncommon, but those that appear to be positively parasitic are extremely rare. The following cases may be referred to. Three other species of Cephaleuros are known to be injurious to foliage. C. parasiticus on Calathea metallica, C. minimus on Zizyphus Jubata, and C. Coffeae on Coffea liberica. Amongst the Proto- coccoideae, Chlorochytrium and Phyllobiwm have been regarded as parasites, but the researches of Klebs have shown that the injury occasioned to the host-plant is practically nil. A closely related genus, Rhodochytrium presents, however, a decided advance in the direction of parasitism. R. Spilanthidis, found in the leaves of the Composite Spilanthes in Chili and Ecuador, is remarkable in not possessing chlorophyll. The spores of the alga germinate on the leaves of the host, the germ tube forces its way between the epidermal calls, enters the internal tissues, and sends out branches in the neighbourhood of the vascular bundles. Later a spherical ody is developed, through the enlargement of the original germ- tube, in which the spores are formed. Another case is that of Phytophysa Treubii which has been described as forming gall-like Swellings on the leaves and shoots of Pilea in Java. ere again the alga appears to be parasitic, and the tissue involved in the formation of the gall is not only that of the cortex but also that of the vascular system. Finally there may be mentioned the remarkable Phyllosiphon Arisari. This alga, parasitic in the leaves of Arisarum vulgare, is a member of the Siphoneae producing a richly branched system of tubes, without the formation of cross-walls. Sections through the infected areas of the leaf show dichotomously branched filaments which grow d fru od The alga is regarded as a parasite, in that the filaments, although not piercing the cell-walls of the host, cause the deat t cells with which they come in contact, and in this way produce the large yellow blotches characteristic of the disease A. D.C. 92 land Fungi—The second part of Massee’s Fungus Flora he een: a published in the Transactions of the New Zealand Institute, vol. xxxix. 1906 (issued June, 1907), bringing to a conclusion the consideration of the Hymenomycetes. e groups dealt with are the Polyporeae, Hydneae, Thelephoreae, Clavarieae, and Tremellineae. . Kirk this fungus “is collected and sent to China, where it is highly prized for food and medicine. In 187 220 tons, valued at £11,318, were collected in New Zealand and exported.” A. D.C, -=steeeremasingrasienmgi The Flora of New Zealand.—The Educational Department of the Government of New Zealand has made arrangements for se publication of a series of 250 quarto, uncoloured illustrations 0 the native plants of that country. under the supervisi . is undertaking the drawings on stone. : has necessitated , 4 considerable reduction in the Salaries of the Director and his : ‘ors. lt is difficult to see how important work of the m can be carried on effectively under these straitened es, RRA on eters oomaees ee Solomon Islands Indigo (Desmodium brachypodum, A. Gray).— = collection of dried plants made in Ysabel eben, presented to ew in 1893 by Archdeacon Comins, included a « dye-plant used by natives for staining their h Desmodium brachypod 93 H.M.S ‘Penguin’ in: 1894-5; but these are not localized. Recently Mr. C. M. Woodford, Government Resident, British Solomon Islands, sent specimens accompanied by the following note :—“I now send some dried specimens and some seeds ‘of a shrub from Ysabel Island for identication. It is the source of the native indigo dye, and so far as I know is peculiar to Ysabel. | It is used for colouring the native bark cloth. The leaves are sprinkled with salt water and slightly wilted in the sun. They are then chewed by the women and the result is a dull blue stain in the mouth which has a very unpleasant appearance. To stain the cloth the women spit or smear the saliva upon it, altogether a very primitive and objectionable process.” So far as we are aware this plant has not been found elsewhere, except in Australia, though it may be expected to occur in New Guinea. It is not put to any use in Australia. ae W.B. H. Aleurites trisperma, Blanco.—A revision of the synonymy of the species of Aleurites is given in the Kew Bulletin for 1906, pp. 119- 121, At that time Kew possessed only an imperfect flowering Merrill, Botanist of the Bureau of Agriculture and Forestry, Manila, has recently presented specimens of foliage and fruit, collected by himself, which enable us to give the distinguishing characters of the fruit of this species. . ‘A. trisperma, Blanco, differs from both A. cordata, Steud., and A. Fordii, Hemsl. (Hook. Ic. Pl., t. 2801 and 2302), in all the leaves being entire, and the flowers are smaller, the fruit larger ~ with a thicker pericarp, and the very thin, distinctly nerved cotyledons are more decidedly cordate at the base. Mueller describes (DC. Prodr., vol. xv., 2, p. 724) the leaves of A. trisperma as having a blade 10 to 12 cm. long with a somewhat longer petiole, but the largest leaves of the Kew specimens measure em. with a petiole 18 cm: long. same in the third, folio, edition, 1879, vol. iii. p. 19. The flowers te 296 of the same work ; but im the “ Novissima Appendix ” 1880, p: 191, A. saponaria is reduced: to A. trisperma. The native names cited by Blanco are : Balocan ilum canag. Mr. Merrill informs us that he has not met with this tree in an undoubtedly wild state in the Philippines. . The oil, which is regarded as poisonous, is perhaps superior to Chinese Wood-oil (K.B,, 1906, -p. 117) im its drying properties. dir bs up : i La yj wpe 4) dal soo ody Yo [fce-olecea Webyiios UN / WY) GAY H| Iy Fig. 1, entire fruit, copied fro 2, carpel with seed in positi been rem h i bry » @ Cross section of the same, from material supplied by Mr. Mo trill. Ail natural size. Spangle-galls eaten by bir ber of last year a small haan of “ seeds” wag received from Mr, F. Monteith Ogilvy, ae Argyllshire, N.B letter in which it was Similar contents. The Pa tae ish-green and Smooth, proved to be the common spangle-gall of the oak leaf (A curoterus lenticularis), 95 the characteristic hairs having been rubbed off. Again in December the contents of the crop of a Pigeon (a bird of the year), shot close to Pembroke, were received at Kew through the Board of Agriculture and Fisheries, and in this case also the crop contained a large quantity of the common spangle-gall. Hymenanthera novae-zelandiae, Hemsl.—The Norfolk Island Hymenanthera latifolia, Endl., was founded (Prodr. F1. Ins. Norf. 1833, p. 70) on specimens collected by Ferdinand Bauer, In 1863 Mr. Henr isi dea collection of dried plants, published by Baron Mueller in 1864 of the numerous islands east of Auckland, for the purpose of having it compared. From the manuscript records of that date it appears that he was furnished with the name H. latifolia var. erroneous name. Not finding any publication of this name, Kirk accepted it and described his plant (Trans. N. Zeal. Inst. 1871, vol. iii., p. 163) without any remark respecting its inappro- priateness. As to affinities, he says : “ var. chathamica appears to differ from our plant only in the leaves being much narrower at the base and more deeply serrated, and in the larger fruit.” The point of importance here is that whoever made the comparison at Kew was of opinion that the Chatham and Flat Island specimens were specifically the same, and the differences are so slight that we should regard them as individual rather than varietal. However, both Kirk (Zhe Student’s Flora of New Zealand, 1899, p. 45) and Cheeseman (Manual of the New Zealand Flora, 1906, p. 50) deal with them as independent species, and both agree in stating that there is little to separate them. of the identification of the New Zealand plant with Z. latifolia, Endl., from Norfolk Island, Cheeseman observing that “it must not be considered as proved until specimens from both localities have been compared.” n connection with the Illustrations of New Zealand Plants announced, p. 92, such a comparison has been made. K w esses ample material of the Norfolk Island plant, including a Specimen collected by Bauer, on whose specimens and drawings Endlicher founded his species. There is also a specimen of H. Jatifolia in the Herbarium from a plant cultivated at Kew before 1864, It may be mentioned, # hot being taken up in Bentham’s 96 parenthetically, that most likely neither Kirk nor Cheeseman had access to Endlicher’s feonographia cited above, as neither refers to it. But with complete specimens and drawings of the Norfolk Island and New Zealand plants before me, I have no hesitation in viewing them as distinct species. H. latifolia, Endl., has relatively slender branches ; thin entire leaves, much move finely reticulated than Bauer’s drawing represents them; smaller flowers, and the staminal appendages are only fringed at the tips instead of minutely toothed all round the margin, Further investigation brought to light the fact that Allan Cunningham’s Scaevola novae-zelandiae, reduced to Aym anthera crassifolia, Hook. f. (Fl. Nov. Zel. 1852, vol. i., p. 17), is the same plant. Cunningham, therefore, was the discoverer, and he collected it at Mataun on the sea coast opposite the Cavallos Cunningham, it may be added, had only imperfect specimens, and although he describes the fruit, none is preserved with the type specimens at Kew. Accepting Cunningham’s name for this interesting plant, the synonymy would be as follows :-— | Hymenanthera novae-zelandiae, Hemsi. _ Scaevola ? novae-zelandiae, A, Cunn. in Ann. Nat. Hist. 1839, vol. ii., p. 52. Hymenanthera crassifolia, Hook. f., F7. Nov. Zel. 1852, vol. i, p- ‘ 7, quoad specimen Cunninghamianum. _ #ymenanthera latifolia var. chathami : : tion of the Chatham Islands, 1864, p.9.0 ell» Vegetatio , Uymenanthera latifolia var. tasmani irk j . Inst. 1871, vol. iii., p. 163. Taek eg Hymenanthera chathamica, Kirk in Tr ct ne lca, ans. N. Zeal, Inst, 1896 vol. xxviii., p. 514; Student's Flora of New Zealand, 1899, p. 45. Hymenanthera latifolia, Kirk, Student's Flora, p. 45; Cheese- i er oki of the New Zealand Flora, 1906, p. 50, non ‘Specimens in having apparent] i e i y thinner leaves, as seen in the dried condition, at least. The flowers are exactly the same. . 18 Specimens collected by Milne, Back}. to Melicyt iflore | Sy: wey us rai iflorus, pes though whether they are really ->Y., but we have not discover B. Hi. PBR erences ne ROYAL BOTANIC GARDENS, KEW, BULLETIN or MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION, No. 3.] (1908. XV.—THE NEW ZEALAND SPECIES GF RHODOPHYLLIS. A. D. Corron. The New Zealand species of Rhodophyllis are not aaoteme nor are they difficult to determine, _ uring recent workers in that country have found it no easy task to identify their plants, and practically peyton res to reconcile statements made by different writers. This difficulty may be accounted for (1) by the brevity of the diagnoses, and, (2) by the fact that Nos. 371-373 of Harvey’s Australian ‘Algae were asic out wrongly named. J. Agardh who, in his Epicrisis, endeavoured to correct Harvey’s Algae did but make matters more complicated. The Kew Herbarium is fortunate in possessing type specimens of all the five species that were originally recorded as occurrin in New Zealand. From a stu udy of these Z has been possible to gain a clear idea of the species in question, and to detect the hoki above referred to. The results of "this study are given In the revised descriptions emphasis is laid on the arrangement of the cortical cells. The character of this tissue will be found to be of great value, especially in the case of sterile specimens, in deter- mining the species. Attention may also be directed to the fact that the size of the tetrasporangium varies ee within the genus ; this, though apparent in the of the New Zealand cineeng is even more marked when a watered survey of the genus is taken In addition to an examination of the Kew and British Museum specimens, the writer has had the advantage of studying the material in the Herbarium of Mr. R. M. Laing which he kindly sent from Christchurch, N.Z. This collection proved valuable in supplying data as to distribution, and ect contained a species hitherto undescribed. 1375 Wt35 4/8 D&S 29 31398 98 The following is a revised description of all the species known to occur in New Zealand. i i 64; De 1, Rhodophyllis acanthocarpa, J. Ag. Epic., 1876, p. 364 ; Toni Syl. Aig. 1897, vol. iv., D. 343; Laing Rev. List, in Trans. ew Zeal. Instit., 1901, vol. xxxiv., p. 41. Callophyllis acanthocarpa, Harv. in Hook. Fl. New Zeal., 1855, vol. ii., p. 251. Calliblepharis? tenuifolia, Harv. in Hook. Fl. New Zeal., 1855, vol. ii., p. 243. Fronds membranous, of medium size, irregularly dichotomously ched, rosy crimson. Main branches 1-3 cm. wide, linear oblong, margins entire or becoming fimbriate later; ultimate arranged parallel to the surface of the frond, and an outer consisting of a single layer of small cells; from above a rogulate-areolate arrangement is seen, in which the circle of minute cells surround- ing the central one appears sub-prominent. Veins absent. Cystocarps marginal, aculeate. Tetrasporangia zonately divided, seattered near the apices of the frond, of medium size 30-59 x 20p. HAB. Middle Island on Ascidia, Lyall; Jacobs River, Sinclair ; Chatham Islands (teste Agardh), In Flora New Zealand, vol. ii., p. 251, Harvey stated that he was not clear as to the validity of this Species, and feared that it might prove to be but a variety of Callophyllis Hombroniana. This may always be distinguished from t uniform cortical layer On account of the possession of aculeate cystocarps, R. acan- thophora is not liable to be confounded with any other species except R. Laingii (q.¥.) 2. Rhodophyllis Laingii, Cotton, Sp. nov. _R. acanthocarpae similis sed frondibus crassioribus, et aspectu distinctissimo rosulato-areolato differt, Species submembranacea, ampla, pinnatim ramosa. Rami 1-2 cm, lati, vix attenuati, obtusi, thargine ut videtur integro, ut in plantis cystocarpiferis dense fimbriato. Frons duobus distinctis cellularam Stratis contexta, cellulis interioribus major- bus per duas Series frondis plano parellelas dispositis, cellulis corticalibus minutis, aspectu rosulato-areolato a superficie. Venae 99 nullae. Cystocarpia ad basin fimbriarum, prominula, echinata fimbrillis indivisis vel multifidis, Tetrasporangia ignota. Color roseus. Has. Timaru, Laing, 1245. The above diagnosis is founded cn a single but very fine - 8. Rhodophyllis membranacea, Harv. in Hook. Fl. New Zeal., 1855, vol. ii, p. 247,t. 117: Kitz. Tab: Phyc., 1869, vol. xix. t.53? J. Ag. Epic., 1876, p. 365; De Toni Syll. Alg., 1897, vol. iv., P. 344, partim; Laing Rev. List, 1901, p. 341 ; non Harv. Austral. xsicc. Nos, 371373, Halymenia_membranacea, Harv. in Lond. Journ. Bot., 1844, vol. iii, p. 448, . Rhodymenia membranacea, Harv. in Lond. Journ. Bot., 1847, vol. vi., p. 495. Stichophyllum membranaceum, Kiitz. in Bot. Zeit., 1847, vol. v., p. 1; Kiitz. Spec. Alg., 1849, p. 874. Euthora membranacea, J. Ag. Spec. Alg., 1852, vol. ii., p- 385. Dictyopsis fimbriata, Sond. in Linnaea, 1855, vol. xxvi., p. 519. Frond membranous, of medium size, up to 15 long, irregularly decompound pinnate, subflabellate, red to fuscous red. Root fibrous. Main branches 5-10 mm. wide, irregularly pinnate, margins frequently fimbriate; pinnae narrow, irregularly cells; rosulate-areolate appearance not shown from a ove ; entire thallus densely punctate with small cells containing red-brown contents. Veins absent. Cystocarps of medium size, marginal Tetrasporangia zonately divided, scattered, or more or less collected into groups near the apices of the ultimate pinnae, very large 70 x BO. Has. Cook’s Straits, Lyall; East Coast, Colenso; Timaru, Laing, 1248 ; Chatham Islands, Maltby. As a result of R. membranacea, Harv., being wrongly united with R, fimbriata, Harv., and still more so by Harvey’s Australian Exsiccatae being sent out wrongly named, this species kas become unrecognisable. _ The history may be briefly stated as follows. The original Tasmanian specimens (Gunn, No. 1276) sent to Sir W. Hooker 31398 A2 100 were described by Harvey as Halymenia membranacea (1844). specimen is preserved at Kew. Harvey in his description noted the dot-like markings but regarded them as tetraspores, a mistake which he himself pointed out later. In 1847 when compiling his list of Tasmanian Algae he records the plant as Rhodymenia membranacea, Kiitzing, in the same year, having seen an in his Species Algarum in 1849. In the Flora of New Zealand (1855) Harvey records the plant as gathered by Lyall and Colenso in that country ; specimens from both of these collections are at Australian Algae were issued. In this magnificent series R. anaced is particularly unfortunate. No. 372, in reality R. tenuifolia, is labelled R. membranacea (Kew and British Museum specimens examined). This was possibly an accident mes No. 371, bearing the same label, consists of R. Jimbriata & R. Marc Harv. ; ae 373, named R. membranacea var. elongata, -, May possibly be a variety of R. } i i not one of R. membranacea. ite aa seebaitie wrongly, in the opinion of the writ i i i i ia Rivanentaces, For iter, unites it with his own astray. i seiis cans ie mee have accepted Agardh, and the plant has macrose it, and, punctate thallus are good In structure it approach recognise the present species. the characters bias ay B. Gunnii, but is separated from it by RR. membranacea the New Zealand Steet be abundant on various parts of Australian ; ‘ also in the Chatham Islands. Herbaria. and Tasmanian Species are not numerous in European 4. Rhodophylli + " p. 947; paar ag Gunnii, Hary. in Fl. New Zeal., 1855, vol. ii., 47; J. Ag. Epic., 1876. ». 3¢e, Vol. iv., p. 345; Laing Rey. List, 1901 s 341 ei iion Stith 101. Laurencia? membranacea, Harv. in Lond. Journ. Bot., 1844, vol. iii., p. 443. Cladhymenia? Gunnii, Harv. in Lond. Journ. Bot., 1845, vol. iv., p. ;_Ner. Austral., 1847, p. 87, t. 32 (inexacte) ; Kiitz. Tab. Phye., 1867, vol. xvii., t. 94. _ Caliophyllis Gunnii, Kiitz. Spec. Alg., 1849, p. 746. © The greater size, more delicate texture, and blunt apices usually suffice to distinguish this plant from R. membranacea. It is, however, allied to that species and closely resembles it in microscopic characters. The poorly developed cortex, the absence of an areolate arrangement, the large tetraspores, and the presence of dark cells are all in agreement with R. membranacea. The dark cells in the present species are, however, less abundant and of larger size. In both species these bodies are more obvious in some specimens than in others. 5. Rhodophyllis lacerata, Harv. in Hook. Fl. New Zeal., 1855, vol. ii., p. 247; J. Ag. Epic., 1876, p. 866; De Toni Syll. Alg,, 1897, vol. iv., p. 345, sub R. membranacea, Harv ; Laing Rev. List, 1901, p. 341 Frond very delicate, membranous, of medium size, rosy crimson. Branches 1-3 mm. wide, elongated, entire, pinnate or dichotomous; ultimate branches 1-2 mm. wi e, linear, very elongated, apices acute, often bifid; axils of branches rounded. Thallus composed of two distinct layers, an inner of large cells, two or more deep, arranged parallel to the surface of the frond, and an outer consisting of a single layer of small cells ; a rosulate-areolate arrangement is seen from above. Veins absent. Cystocarps and tetrasporangia unknown. : _ Has. On rocks, Port William, South Island, Lyall; Otago Harbour, Laing, 1246. Nitophyllum. What the character of the normal form 1s it is impossible as yet to say, the only known species to which it in any way approaches is, as stated above, R. acanthocarpa, J. Ag. 102 Laing’s specimen is precisely similar to that of Lyall, and is also sterile. SPECIES EXCLUSAE. Rhodymenia fimbriata, Hook. & Harv. in Lond. Journ. Bot., 1847, vol. vi., p. 405. Rhodymenia fimbriata, Hook. & Harv., though a true Rhodo- phyllis, has never been published as such. Tt was included by as one of the synonyms of 'the New Zealand f. membranacea, but it is, as shown above, quite a distinct species. There is no evidence to prove that Rhodophyllis fimbriata (nov. comb.) occurs in New Zealand. Rhodophyllis ? a: stifrons, Harv. in Hook. Fl. New Zeal., 1855, vol. ii., . 347 d. re Epic., 1876, p. 368; Laing Rev. List, 1901, p. dil. An examination of the type specimens shows that the frond possesses the structure of the genus Callophyllis. The plant is probably an elongated form of (1 coccinea, Harv. Rhodophyllis erosa, J. Ag. Alg. Mar. Nov. Zeal., 187 7, No. 182; Epic. 1876, p. 695: Laing Rev, List, 1901, p. 341. A species now known as Craspedocarpus erosus, Schmitz. Bhodophyllis chathamensis, Cotton, Kew Bull., 1907, No. 2; p. 40 | This species also must be regarded as a synonym of Craspedo- carpus erosus, Schmitz. The genus Craspedocarpus was separated from Rhodophyllis by Schmitz (Syst. Uebers. Florid., p. 8; Engler Pflanzenfamilien : _ , fo chathamensis. Ee naire } XVI—BANANA CULTIVATION IN EGYPT. . W, rown, whose appointment as Secretary of the newly med Horticultural Society at Ghizeh near Caboose recorded ast year (K.B,, 1907, No. 1, p. 18), has kindly sent us the following article on the cultivation of ba i Although bananas have long been i it is onl Alt wn in Egypt it is only within recent years that their ouliccue has raed carried on he ey in large plantations, This wag owing greatly to e fact that all the kinds known in the country were of tall 103 growth and unable, when planted in the open, to withstand the north winds which t tear the leaves to shreds in winter. It is therefore the custom to plant these tall varieties in the shelter of a wall, where in most cases they are left to take care of themselves. The most common kinds grown in this way are those known locally as the “ Beledi” and “ Americani.” The former is a black- stemmed variety of Musa sapientum, growing about 5 metres high and producing a thick, round and rather short fruit of excellent quality. The “ Americani” is a ori of the plantain (M. paradisiaca) common throughout the tropics. In Egypt it is usually eaten by the natives as a sweet banana without being cooked. In height and habit it resembles the “Beledi” but is easily distinguished by its light-coloured stem. The fruit is from em. long and is produced in large bunches which require to be supported on forked poles to prevent the stems being broken by the weight. The coma s Finger banana (another variety of M. sapientum) is also grown to a small extent in Egypt but the fruit is inferior in auiallty to that of the “ Beledi” and is seldom seen in the market. M. Ensete and a rosacea are occasionally met with in gardens as ornamental plan ma seo point of view however the most important ities is the Chinese banana. Te, gp inal of comparatively recent introduetion, is now common throughout ee alg ha Owing to its dwarf growth it is ke less subject to the north pe! which prevails in winter. In fact it is the rpbaiisaitns of this species which has made the cultivation of bana on a large scale practicable in Egypt. No figures are apie as to the area of land at present devoted to the crop, but plantations ranging from one to twenty feddans* exist in ire © over-watering is avoided. On moderately light soils water is required every five or six days in summer and every nine or ten days in winter. On good soil the plants si occupy the ground for six years. The best growers prepare the ground for planting in the following way. After it och been ploughed, holes are dug three and a half metres apart, one metre wide and about 75 centimetres deep. A layer of coarse leaves or stable-manure 25 or 30 centi- metres in thickness is placed at the bottom of the hole, which is then filled to near the top with a compost half of manure and half of _ pe land is then irrigated, and three or four days one sucker i is planted in the centre of each hole. After phatstiag the soil is so disposed that each row of bananas ! * One feddan = 4,200 square metres, 104 the plants. Needless to say, the stronger the suckers are when planted the more quickly is the plantation established. The best time for planting is from the middle of February until the middle of April. n the choice of a site for a plantation the main point s st oak that it is sheltered, Although there are some excellent planta i growing in the interior without shelter, and the plants quickly Situation is not naturally sheltered, this is easily Steere ay planting wind-breaks of the common Casuarina (C. equiseti oe ae me growers bend part of the leaves over the heart of the pla as a further protection from the slight frosts which sometimes occur in December and January. In the matter of goil the banana is not particular, but nga equally well on ellow or on black loam, provided it is we i ents made in growing bananas specially prepared holes on the sandy ground at the edge of the desert have not hitherto succeeded. The cost of establishing a plantation to the distance which the manure has gr m th ing sufficient to cover the initial expenditure and the cost of upkeep until the bananas come 8- In planta sta ebru and March the first bunche are cut in € Majority of the bunches - The cultivation of bana in Egyp extremely lucrative, Sold neg : ‘£120 per feddan per year. by weight, when green, r oke.* Putting the okes, four bunches to the vt2 clumps to the feddan, a short calculation * One oke = 2 Ibs. 12 ozs. 105 will suffice to show that enormous profits are derived’ from this crop, even when we reckon £35 as the cost of upkeep. Counting £15 for rent, aia £6 per feddan for water, the above figure allows £14 for | abour, manure and other expenses. This of course is a high estimate. If the soil is at all poor the plants require two dressings of stable-manure per year—in February and again in July. If it is rich loam one good application of manure suffices. Enquiries made during the past year in various Mediterranean ports show that there is a great market for Egyptian bananas, waiting to be developed in Southern Europe. oe is therefore little danger of over-production for many years to The short distance and the excellent means of on Rta from Egypt to the principal European d » th the disease already referred to. The area under cultivation is nereneing fast, so that the banana crop will probably be a much more impor ortant one in Egypt in the near future than it is at sce T. W. Brown. XVII—DECADES KEWENSES PLANTARUM NOVARUM IN HERBARIO HorTI REGU CONSERVATARUM. DECADES XLVII-XLVIIL 461. Geunsia Havilandii, King et Gamble (Verbenaceae] ; a Jarinosa, Blume, caulibus foliisque falvo-stellto-pubescentibns non farinosis etiam cymis subsessilibus differt Arbor? ; rami, ut inflorescentia et folia sities: fulvo-stellato- pubescentes. Folia 4 rahe ovata vel ovato-oblonga, eis breviter acuminata et mu onata, basi acuta vel cuneata, su pubescentia et glandulis peltatis tecta, marginibus distanter denticulata, 6-15 cm. longa, 46 cm. lata, costa crassa ag inca : Tvi utrinque 9-11, nervulis transversis conspicuis grist i - longi axillares, pauciflorae, subsessiles, vix peti tiolis achat i racteae minutae, subulatae; pedicelli breves, graciles cena intus glaber, extra strigoso-bispidts; lobi 5 is ; frnctifer persistens, complanatus Corolla ca campan- alata, gland peltatis lncidis exceptis, glabrescens ; tubus 2:5 mm, longus ; lobi 5, ovati, rotundati, demum recurvi. Stamina exserta, filamentis gracilibus, antheris oblongis, 2-5 mm. longis dorso fulvo-glandulosis. Ovarium glandulosum, depressum, stylo gracili 5 mm. longo, stigmate breviter 5-lobato. slneliesa a purpureo-nigra, depressa, 3°5 mm. diametro, 5-pyrena. 106 MALAY ISLANDS. Borneo; at Sarawak, Beccari, 3240; Haviland, 3549 K and L; near Kuching, Haviland, 839. 462. Callicarpa Maingayi, King et Gamble [ Verbenaceae]; a C, arborea, Roxb., foliis obtusis subius pilis minutioribus aureo- fulvis tectis, corollae tubo longiore et lobis brevioribus distincta. ramuli crassi, obtuse quadrangulares, Folia coriacea, elliptica vel elliptico-obovata, apice rotundata et brevissime acuta vel acuminata, basi rotundata vel subcuneata, lateribus inaequalia, margine subintegra vel undulata, 15-30) cm. longa, 7°5+15 cm. lata; nervi supra impressi, subtus prominentes, utrinque 10-12, marginem versus anastomosantes, nervulis transversis pluribus t lineari-subulatae ; pedicelli 1-25 mm. lon , graciles. Calyx hemisphaericus, 1-1-5 mm. longus, extra stellato-pubescens, intus glaber, lobis 4 minutis. Curollae tubus subeylindricus, 1-1-5 mm. © longus, extra densissime stellato-tomentosus, intus glabrescens ; 1 mm. longi, intus villosi. Stamina prope nta £5 mm. longa, antheris dorso glanduloso-punctatis. Ovarium villosum ; stylus gracilis, stigmate capitato. Drupa parva, nigra, ad 1-5 mm. diametro. MALAY PENINSULA. Selangor, Ridie 787; Malacca, Maingay, K.D.1192; Derry, 1005.” ear nae ob folia angusta distincta; a C. angustam, Schauer. g ie t a 3 dit, sed foliis vix dentieulat differt, : enticulat Bp a gee ilia, Vix : 4 utri wads : exserta, antheris oblongis, éxserto, ctgmate pamela Drovarium villosum, stylo gracili diametro, nigro-caerulea, 4pyrena” S!@bta, globosa, 2:5 mm. Matay P Perak; at Ipoh, Curtis, 314500 Lankawi island, Ridley, 8330. the top of limestone hill Fon _ Kuran, Scortechini, 1596 ; on S286) % at 200, to 300 m., King’s Collector, 7036, 107 464, Premna littoralis, King et Gamble [Verbenaceae]; inter species peninsulae Malayanae foliis prominenter crenato-dentatis deltoideis cordatis insignis. villosa; labium superum 2-lobum: inferum 3-lobum, lobis omnibus rotundatis. Stamina inclusa, filamentis brevyibus, antheris reniformibus brevissime 1-2-mucronatis. Ovarium subglobosum, depressum, glandulis paucis exceptis glabrum, stigmate bifido. Drupa globosa, glabra, carnosa, putamine tuberculato. Semina oblonga, utrinque acuta ; testa membranacea ; cotyledones oblongae, obtusae, cordatae, carnosae, 1-25 mm. longae. MALAY PENINSULA. Perak, sea-coast at Matang, Wray, 2719. 465. Premna Derryana, King et Gamble [Verbenaceae]; a P. interrupta, Wall., ex Himalaya orientali, paniculas 5-4-spicatas ’ gerentibus et foliis basi subauriculatis differt. longa, 9-10 cm. lata, costa gracili; nervi utringue 7-8, saepe ramulosi, marginem versus curvati, venulis transversis gracilibus prominentibus. Cymae in paniculas terminales 3—4-spicatas dispositae ; spicae singulae flores sessiles multos in glomerulis interruptis gerentes. Injlorescentia 15-20 em. longa ; pedunculi primarii 5-6°5 cm. longi, secundarii 2-25 em. longi; bracteae lanceolatae, 6 mm. longae. Calyz profunde bilabiatus ; labium superius in alabastro integ , deinde bilobum ; inferius integrum ; tubus extra aureo-pubescens. Covollae tubus quam calyx paullo longior; extus glaber, intus ad fancem parce albo-villosus; limbus bilabiatus ; labium superum emarginatum, erectum ; inferam 3-lobum, lobis obtusis. Stamina 4, lopge exserta; filamenta puberula; antheris reniformibus, loculis oblongis. Ovarium glabrum, depressum, styl ili staminibus aequilongo, stigmate bilobo lobis gracilibus horizontalibus. Drupa non visa. MALAY PENINSULA. Perak; on Larit Hill, Derry (Curtis 3701). 466. Premna perakensis, King et Gamble [Verbenaceae]; a P. trechostomate, Mig., foliis angustioribus crassioribus, ealyce fructifero eximie nervoso et bracteis majoribus distincta. 108 obovata; apice acuta, basi ae utrinque ache a rugosa, marginibus pater recurva, 7-13 cm. longa, 4-6 cm transversis pluribus Painter, petioli 1-2 mm. longi, glabrl supra canaliculati. Corymbi patentes, fulvo- -puberuli, 15 ae longi et lati, SERIE 3-chotomi deinde 2- chotomi, sessiles ve inferiores tessa pedivelli et flores Viridescentes, Cali Ya obtuse quadrangularis, pu bescens, nervosus, 1-5 mm. longus, Ppt yetes labio superiore bilobo, inferiore integro yal obscure bilo Berne infundibularis; tubus 3 mm. lo ongus, in parte superiore e albo-villosus, subaequaliter city lobis recurvis, ciliatis. Reaended ad basin corollae inser rta, longe exserta, filamentis oe arg Peers loculis subglobosis didymis, mens tines glandulo: Ovarium glabrum, stylo longe exserto, stigmate seeping ‘bifido. Drupa pyriformis. Semina ovali-oblonga, complanata. MALAY PBNINSULA. Perak, in rocky places in forest at 260 to 300 m., King’s Collector, 7247, 10738 : Scortechini, 516, 467. Premna Wrayi, King et Gamble [Verbenaceae] ; foliis iacei i inatis et corymbis compactis insignis, ad nstlert, King & Gamble, q.v. infra, accedit sed calyce profunde bilobo differt. ‘rutex scandens, glabratus ; ramuli i,obs 1 lares Folia coriacea, elliptica vel elli acuminata, basi attenua uata, saepe i ptico-lanceolata apice ‘sensim . ua ruli ; ; pedunculus 25 me mm. _longi. “Calg profande bilabiatus ; Inbium i tatum, lobis in fructu patentibus. Corti non t ie obovoidea, 5-6 mim. diametro, Seapets rugoso, aaee oso. Semina eee ovata, 45 mm. longa ; cotyledones oblongae, carnog . MALAY SE Perak ; at Tapa, Wray, ir lifolia, King ot Gamble [Verbenaceae] ; foliis cordati idis basi truncatis vel fnalto athe se cordifoliae, Roxb., affinis sed ab ea corpmble Frutex elatus, Seandens ; ramuli teretes, rufescentes, sparse ~— uli. Folia membr acea, ovata, integra, apice minata, basi truncata vel icci rabida,sabtus sparen) duloso-punctata, 10-23 em. longa, 8-13 em. Tata: Costa prominens, supra ‘canaliculata ; nervi utrinque 6, subtus prominentes, paria 2 infera a basi patentia, reliqua apicem versus sensim curvata, nervulis 1 Pluribus transversis; petioli 5-10 em. 109 longi, supra canaliculati. Cymaze multiflorae, terminales, in corymbis paniculatis magnis patentibus usque ad 23 em. longis et 0 cm. latis dispositae ; cymulae ultimae congestae; bracteae, lineares, minimae, caducae; pedicelli breves, graciles. Flores pallide viriduli. Calyx campanulatus, obscure bilabiatus ; labium Superum integrum; inferum integrum vel obscure dentatum. Corollae tubus infundibularis, puberulus, 3 mm. longus, intus ad faucem albido-villosus ; labinm superum indivisum ; inferum 3-lobum. Stamina exserta, filamentis tortis, antheris ellip- soideis divaricatis. Ovarium glabrum, depressum, stylo gracili mm. longo, stigmate bifido. Drupa globosa, depressa, siccitate rubra, tuberculata. Semen unicum perfectum, obovatum, 2°5 mm. longum ; testa membranacea ; cotyledones carnosae. MALAY PENINSULA. Perak; at Waterfall, Wray, 1828; Scortechini ; King’s Collector, 3067, 7531, 8373. Var. cordata. Folia basi magis profunde cordata ; inflorescentiae ramuli distantes; calycis labium superum 2-lobatum; inferum integrum vel obscure dentatum. Perak ; Scortechini, 273. 469. Premna Ridleyi, King et Gamble ‘[Verbenaceae]; facie P. integrifoliae, Linn., affinis sed notis plurimis differt ; corym- bis parvis, calycis tubo subquadrangulari, lobis 4 et corollae tubo gracili. Frutex scandens, cortice griseo-lucido; ramuli teretes, fusci. Folia chartacea, integra, opposita vel ex utraque pari unum altius ; ovata, ovato-oblonga vel obovata, apice rotundata vel brevissime acuta, basi rotundata vel attenuata, saepe inaequalia, utrinque -2 paria a basi, omnes marginem versus curvati, nervulis transversis reticulatione obscuris; petioli graciles, 6-13 mm. longi. Corymbi terminales, multiflori, fusco-puberuli, 4-12 em; i cm. longis; bracteae parvae, lineari- lanceolatae ; pedicelli brevissimi. Flores albo-viriduli. Calya campanulatus, subquadrangularis, pubescens, bilabiatus, labiis bilobis. Corollae tubus gracilis, mm, intus supra albo-villosus, infra puberulus; lobi 4, aequales, oblongi, apice rotundati, tandem recurvi. Stamina 2 ad faucem corollae tubi, 2 basin versus inserta; filamenta longe exserta ; antherae parvae, loculis divaricatis, connectivo dorso glanduloso, Ovarium glabrum, rotundatum :; stylus staminibus aequilongus, stigmate bifido lobis recurvis. Drupa non visa. - MALAY PENINSULA. Perak, Scortechini, 455. Singapore, Ridley, 6826. 470. Premna Kunstleri, King et Gamble [Verbenaceae]; species distincta P. Wrayi, King et Gamble, affinis sed calyce truncato differt ; foliis coriaceis ellipticis obtusis glabris et corymbis magnis patentibus insignis. Arbor vel arbuscula magna, glabra, interdum scandens ; | rami crassi, cortice bruneo-purpureo ; ramuli teretes, glabri, raro lenticellati. Folia coriacea, elliptica, elliptico-oblonga vel-obovata, apice obtusa, abrupte breviterque acuminata, basi rotundata 110 vel subcordata ; utrinque glabra, siccitate plus minus lucida, mar- ginibus integra, breviter recurva, 10-18 cm. longa, 6-10 cm. lata ; costa crassiuscula, supra impressa, infra elevata 3 hervi utrinque 5-7, infra prominentes, ad nervulam intramarginalem arcuatum curvati, nervulis perpaucis transversis ; petioli 15-3 em. longi, teretes, canaliculati. Corymbi terminales, patentes, longe-ramosi, ue ad 18 ecm. c complanatus. Oorollae tubus cylindricus, 3 m ad faucem albo-villosus ; limbus bilabiatus, : lobo medio longiore, ceteris cum unico Superiore erectis vel incurvis. Stamina paullo exserta, sub fauce corollae tubi inserta ; i Ovarium glabrum, 4-loculare ; stylus staminibus aequalis, stigmate breviter bifido, Dru i i 6 a. Semina bus carnosis apice . longus, inius labio infero 3-lobo, s) , Striata, 6- mm. onga, 4- obovata, plano-convexa, testa alba, cotyledoni retusis. MALAY PENINSULA. Perak ; on low ground, under 160 m. in alt, King’s Collector, 938, 4723, 5949. Malacca ; at Sungei Udang, Goodenough, 1350. 471. Clerodendron lankawiense, King et Gamble [ Verbenaceae ] ; Species C. Gri ffithiano, Clarke, affinis, sed foliis magis lanceolatis Cagioribus, paniculis terminalibus et calyce intus glanduloso iffert, Arbuscula ramulis seabrido-pubernulij i i ita, chartacea, integra, oblongo-lanceolata vel oblanceolata, apice acuta, basi i seabrido-hispida, infra ad nervos 5 em. la mm. lon bi palatus lateralibus longior. exserta ; filamenta gracillima, glabra, antheris oblongis 2 mm. longis, loculis parallelis. Ovarium rotundatum, obtusum, stylo gracillimo, stigmate brevissime bilobo, rupa non visa. gah he PENINSULA. Ked h ; i urtis, 3189, an; at Terutan, Lankawi Island, 472. “C. penaigy umbratile, ane - Gamble [Verbenaceae] ; : 4 5 a . pe ie . ; tg eee state ae 6 Wied ns, foliis latioribus et calycis Arbuscula vel arbor parva, ramulis i i i * arva, teretibus fulvis fistulosis. Folia membranacea, OPposita, integra, plerumque oblonga, obovata 111 vel oblanceolata, apice abrupte longeque acuminata, basi rotundata em. vel aliquanto attenuata, utrinque glabra, 20-40 onga, 5 ata; nervi ut e 8-12, graciles, par infimum a basi rectum, reliquia curvata in nervulum etramergiae on sinuatum desinentia, nervulis transversis Sikerratieitona’’ petioli 2°5-7°5 cm. longi, om accidi. Paniculae ex axillis Hibadoebuk “ elongatae, laxae, paullo spew glabrae, 10-15 cm. longae; pedunculi graciles, ‘10-18 ¢ ongi; rami divaricati, recti, cymulis pauci- oris ; rhachis complanat, paullo alata ; bracteae foliosae, lanceo- latae, ad 2-5 cm. longae; bracteolae multae, lineari-setaceae ; pedicelli siantii, puberuli, 25-125 mm. longi. Calyz albus vel viridescens, fructu ruber, glaber vel paulo puberulus, fere ad basin fissus, lobis ovato-acuminatis cuspidati mm. longis, in fructu accrescentibus. Coro/la alba, enbredtiaete; tubus gracilis, cylin- dricus, 10-15 mm. longus ; lobi spathulati, apice rotundati, tubo aequilongi. Stamina exserta, filamentis glabris, antherarum loculis parallelis. Ovarium rotundatum, obtusum, stylo gracil- limo, stigmatis lobis 2 brevibus. Drupa nigra, carnosa, globosa, 125 mm. diametro, pyrenis ire: vel paucioribus. Semina rotundata, 6 mm. diametro, cotyledonibus carnosis. MALAY ek ay ARCHIPELAGO. Perak; at Eaerees Kinta, Wray, 167; jungle 1,000-1,100 m , King’s Collector, 722, 6959, 8268 ; ‘Soo teohtae 2198 ; Derry, 3704, 10,712; Curtis, 31 16 ; at Bujong Malacca, Ridley, 9700. Su matra ; in Lampongs, Forbes, 1333, 1565. 473. phe er i Ridleyi, King et Gamble rVertichabes ey species cae ma subgeneris SIPHONANTHI, multis notis a ho, Br. d differt, praecipue foliis oppositis ellipticis vel wats, selene brevi pauciflora, et drupa rubra nec caerulea. Arbor parva, gracilis, ad 5 m. alta; ramuli quadrangulares, lucidi. Folia opposita, membranacea, integra, elliptica, elliptico- lanceolata vel ovata, apice caudato-acuminata, basi rotundata vel cuneata, om ue glabra, subtus etiam pallida, 7 “0-18 cm. longa, 20-75 em. lata, nervi paria 5-7, par infimum ex basi oblique rice Pig ‘alia _m magis patentia, omnia in aimee & intra mar- ginalem sinuatum congruentia, nervulis transversis paucis et reticulatione haud manifesta; petioli gracili, 2-5 em. longi, omit decurrentibus alati. Pid seh terminalis, Fee peecaatts unculo vix ad 15 longa et 7:5 cm atbaeleatt ; bracteae foliosae, pa at phe mere cuteiady ’ bracteolae lineares ; . pedicelli graciles, 6 mm. longi: alaba longissima, apice clavata. Flores albi vel pallide lutei. Calyx erectus, profunde fissus; lobi glabri, lanceolati, caudati, 12-18 mm. longi, saepe glandulis paucis peltatis muniti ; gag ae alg ber, 3-4 cm. longus, drupam amplecte Coroliae tubr cylindricus, apice paullo rege ier eee 79. em. ‘ounia gracil- limus; lobi obovati, obtusi. 12-13 mm. longi, subaequales. Stamina longe exserta, hbraptia th loculis parallelis. Ovarium glabrum, obtusum, 4-lobatum ; stylo longissimo gracilis, stigmatis ramis brevissimis. Drupa purpureo-nigra, levis, globosa, carnosa, 12-13 mm. sete Plea 4-1 pyri riformibus striatis. Semina pias roll conform mbranacea, oak mea crassis carnosis an 112 MALAY PENINSULA. Perak ; in dense forest near Larut up to 100 m., King’s Collector, 2944, 3988, Selangor; at Batu Tiga, Ridley, 11,862. 474. Vitex peralata, King [Verbenaceae] ; species V. ptero- podae, Miq., proxima ged foliolis latioribus ellipticis vel elliptico- oblongis, nec Scabroso-punctatis, differt, v conspicue connexi; petioli 75-15 em. longi, utringue latissime alati, alis ad 5 em, latis sicut folia nervosis ; petioluli nulli vel vix 6mm. longi. Paniculae terminales vel aliquanto axillares, ad 60 em. longae et 30 em. diametro; rhachi 5 auctus et recurvus. Corollae tubus extra pubescens, intus villosus ; m, lobis ovatis acutis 2-5 mm. longis reflexis ; inferum trilobatum, lobis puberulis palato longiore lato longis reflexis. Stamina exserta ; filamenta rarum loculis brevibus ellipsoideis. Ovarium rotundatum, depressum, supra villosum, infra glabrum, Stylo gracili, stigmate bilobo. Drupa ovoideo-conoidea, laevis, sulcata, 3-4 cm, longa, 2-3 om, lata, pericarpio crasso, pyreno conico. Semen unicum, testa membranacea, cotyledonibus planis orbicularibus, King MSS. in Herb. Cale, MALAy PENINSULA. Perak ; at Simpang, W. ray, 2029, 2254, 7m Gense jungle on low wet ground near Lartt, King’s Collector, 2064, 6187, 6874, 8299, } pala, King et Gamble [Verbenaceae] ; species calycis lobis et bracteis conspicuis insignis, ad V. vestitam, Wall, accedit sed foliis majoribus et calyce et bracteis differt. » Arbor el parva yv mediocris, ramulis crassiusculis obscure quadrang ularibus, Mmolliter falvyis Sicut etiam inflorescentia et innovationes. Folia membranacea. ; : ter minale majus, basi cuneatum, petiolulatum, lateralibus basi a subsessilibus, 0 ita ovat ' ce caudato-acumi : print f{ mutloso-punctata, infra fulver nee. SParse hispida ! n 8 i i en multi comniext em versus — ion danas te es. Cymae oppositae axillares, 2-5-6 cm. longae ee vulgo 2 ‘Verticalibug pe ms longis asa dichotomis patentibus corymbosis ; bracteae conspi (aH i 113 dense flavo-glandulosum, stylo gracili, stigmate bifido. Drupa oo? re , infra cava, supra loculis 4 fertilibus. Semina obovoidea, paullo complanata, 2 mm. longa. MALAY PENINSULA. Penang; at Batu Kawan, Curtis, 275. Perak ; at Bujong Malacca, Ridley, 9723; at Tapa, Wray, 1319; at Waterloo, Curtis ; in open jungle, Goping, K ing’s Collector, 460 ; Scortechini, 100, 113, 340. Selangor, Ridley, 7595 ; at Rawang, Goodenough, 10482. 476. Petraeovitex Scortechinii, King et Gamble [ Verbenaceae] ; species distincta, a P. Riedelii, Oliv., foliis 3-foliolatis, nec pinnatis, differt. Frutex fortasse scandens, ramulis fulvis angulosis puberulis. Folia opposita, membranacea, trifoliolata, petiolo 4-5 em. longo ; foliolum medium ovatum, apice breviter et obtuse acutum, basi rotundatum vel cuneatum, 5-8 cm. longum, 2°5-5 em. latum, utrinque pubescens, marginibus integris vel undulatis, nervis utrinque 4, petiolulo 12-19 mm. longo; foliola lateralia similia sed minora, basi cordata, paullo inaequalia, petiolulis 6 mm. longis. _Cymae in paniculas axillares 2- vel 3-chotomas fulvas ad 15 cm. longas dispositae ; bracteae foliosae, orbi- culares, 13-19 mm. longae, pallidae; pedicelli breves. Calyx profunde fissus, fulvo-pubescens, lobis 5 vel 4 oblongis vel spathulatis 6 mm. longis; fructifer valde accrescens; tubus 6 mm. longus, fructum includens; lobi 19-25 mm. longi, scariosi, elliptico - oblongi, 3-5 - nervi, reticulati. Corolla alabastro brevissima, lobis spathulatis. Stamina 4, exserta, 2 posteriora longiora, filamentis brevibus; antheraram posticarum loculis parallelis, anteriorum divaricatis. Ovarium cylindricum, villosum, apice obtusum, loculis 2, stylo brevi et stigmate lobis 2 patentibus. Fructus capsularis, oblongus vel cuneatus, ad m. longus, exocarpio chartaceo striato. Semina 2-1, ad placentam centralem affixa; testa membranacea; cotyledones obovatae, carnosae 3~4 mm. longae, radicula crassa. MALAY PENINSULA. Perak, Scortechini, 753 (vel 1753 7). 477. Petraeovitex bambusetorum King et Gamble [Verbenaceae] ; a P. Scortechinii, King & Gamble, foliis saepe 1-foliolatis glabratis et capsula non striata differt. Frutex scandens, ramulis fulvis teretibus. Folia opposita, chartacea, 1- vel 3-foliolata, glabra, integra, petiolis 2°5-5 cm. longis; foliola ovata, reticulata, apice acuminata, basi rotundata vel paullo cuneata, 7-10 cm. longa, 4-6 cm. lata; nervi utrinque 8, curvati, 31398 B 1l4 in nervulum intramarginalem desinentes ; petioluli eat longi, mediano longiore. ymae in paniculas ‘i axi saad thyrsoideas glabratas ad 12 em. longas et i ‘5 om. latas ¢ mise : rhachis angularis, gracillima; bracteae foliosae, pe a acuminatae ; bracteolae minutae, setaceae ; pedicelli breves. sf ; in alabastro vix 1 mm. longus, lobis acutis triangularibus ; ong a re auctus, tubo conspicue striato 6-9 mm. sre eal oblongo-spathulatis membranaceis trinervis reticulatis oy Kor longis. Corolla parva, bilabiata: labium superum breviter bilobum, el tenui pubescenti non striato.. Semina 2-1, ad genre centralem affixa, testa Mmembranacea ; cotyledones obovatae, truncatae, paullo emarginatae, carnosae, radicula crassa. MALAY PENINSULA AND ISLANDS. Perak; in dense Se forest at 160-200 m. near Ulu Kerling, King’s Collector 8765. Borneo ; Haviland, 1913; Ridley 9065. 478. Congea Forhesii, K ing et Gamble [ Verbenaceae] ; C. vestitae, Griff., et C. lomentosae, Roxb., affinis sed ab utraque specie inflores- centia et foliis distincta et praecipne bracteolis 2 intra bracteas involucrales insignis, a em conspicuis ; petioli 5 mm, longi, fulvo-pubescentes. Paniculae : . terminales, fulvo-pubescent racemosae, ad 30 cm. longae et 15 ¢ tae ; uli plerumgne Pa pedunculis gracilibus 2-4 longis ; capitulae seminatae, 2-5 cm. distantes ; b © foli oratae ;_bracteae involucrales 4, cano-tomen- tosae, oblongo-spathulatae, 2-5-4 cm. longae ; bracteolae 2, lineari- setaceae j = mm. longae. Flores pallide purpurei. Calyx Pe 3 infundibularis, utrinque, praecipue intus, dense villosus, iangu rgine crenulatis, Ovarium ice parce glanduloso-punctatum, stylo gracillimo. es obovoidea, sicea, exocarpio laevi crustaceo. Semen erated a tenuissima ; cotyledones inaequales, carnosae, apice depressae, radicula minima, : | 1567. e TsLanps. Sumatra ; in deep forest in Lampongs, Forbes, 3 oens = Jeooe Siem [Labiatae-Ajugoideae] ; genus novum | a OMnine Ajugoidenrs, : ep _ Ajugae Linn., sed eo Jugoidearum, florum configuratio fa i magnitudine dispositioneaue Cymariae, i Benth., accedens ; habity Gomphostemmatis, Wall... Prasiearum, 115. Calyx campanulatus, sub-10-nervis, aequaliter 5-dentatus, fructifer parum urceolato-globosus, fauce intus nuda. Cv rollae tubus breviter exsertus, ad faucem parum ampliatus; limbus 2-labiatus, labio postico suberecto 2-fido distincto, antico patente lobis lateralibus posticis subaequalibus, intermedio latiore integro., Stamina 4, payee anticis longioribus distincte exsertis ; antherae 1-locular Discus parvus, aequalis. varium medium 4-lobum ; eine apice 2-fidus, lobo postico perbrevi. Mucislas obovoidene, reticulato- "tn ieee areola Jaterali fere ad medium ex ne Suffrutexr nanus, foliis majusculis. Verti- cillastri laxi, cym i “pedaneulatis floribundisg, omnes axillares, Flores nae numerosi Acrymia ajugiflora, Prain ; species unica. Suffrutex nanus. Caulis basi lignosus, ibique prostratus, radicans, 5-8 cm. longus, 5 mm. crassus, parce fulvo-tomentosus, apice internodiis brevibus vel brevissimis dant foliosus. Folia opposita, Peper gh hcg apice obtusa, basi cuneata, nonnunquam inaequaliter, vel raro sub-truncata, mar gine basi integra excepta crenata, rhc intense peritted pallidiore viridia, utrinque praesertim secus nervos 5-7-jugos et venas reticulatas fulvo-strigosa ; lamina 12-20 cm. “on a, 5-8'S cm. lata; petioli 2-5 cm. longi, dense. culi strigusi, graciles, 4-5 cm. longi, dichotome ramosi; pedicelli gracillimi, strigosi, 2-3 m ae bracteolis subulatis ‘longiores. Calyx campanulatus, - Stones tus, 2°55 mm. longus, fructifer urceolato-globosus, 3°5 mm. longus, nervis strigosis. Corolla alba, mm. longa, tubo sursum ampliato 45 mm. longo; labium posticum 2-lobum, 2°5 mm. longum, lobis oblongis obtusis ; anticum 3-lobum, 5 mm. longum, patens, lobis lateralibus posticis similibus iisque vix minoribus, intermedio obovato integro 4 mm. longo 3°5 mm. lato. Stamina 4, didynama anticis tie ote exserta ; filamenta ima basi hirsuta, ceterum glabra; anthera l-loculares. Nuculae obovoideae, 1 mm. voile Rese prctyn Wassetentre ope versus apicem parce hirsutae, demum glabrescentes. MAL Perak; in chalky hills, 150-250 m., flowering in Aap Eeshatler, 10709. The plant on which this genus is based is closely allied to Cymaria, Benth., the hitherto known species of which also seem - to be restricted to limestone roc cks. While, however, Acrymia ¢ repeats the characters of calyx and fruit met with in that genus, - it differs from Cymaria in baviig a 2-lobed upper lip which does not conceal the anthers. In eae tai Sg upper lip is oblong, - entire and vaulted over the stamens whose anthers are distinctly 2-celled. Iixcept in being candi smaller ‘the corolla of Acrymia _ resembles rather closely the corolla of Ajuga, a genus in which the anther-cells, though usually yeti are sometimes atuingaeals confluent. In Acrymia, however, the anthers appear to be — l-celled from a very early stage. tthe ha bit of Acrymia recalls - that met with in the group of species belonging to the genus Gomphostemma, which includes G. ovatum, Wall., an . Mastersti, Benth., and is unlike that met with either in Cymaria or in » Ajuga, : 31398 B2 116 480. Pogostemon (Paniculata) nepetoides, Stap/ [Labiatae- Satureineae]; species P. plectranthoidi quam maxime affinis, bracteis tamen minoribus foliisque margine crenatis satis differt. Suffruter erectus, ramosus ‘75-1 m. altus. Cavles ramique robustiores, obscure 4-goni, appresse Sav: fooeaciggs he niet misque opposita, Aeneas herbacea, late ovata, obtusa ve subacuta, basi truncata vel rotundata vel Leave mgtegtee cuneata, margine basi integro excepto duplicato-crenata, supra praesertim secus nervos sparse appresse Se rche subtus praesertim secus nervos i fulvo-pubescentia, 4-7 cm. longa, 3’°5-5°5 cm. lata ; petioli 1-2°5 m. longi, dense peieestyne s talvo- pubescente es. Verticillastri. in pists simplicibus continuis ovato-cylindricis pedunculatis 2 cm. longis 1:25 em. latis aggregati, pedunculi pubescentibus *5-1 cm longis; spicae dense ad apices ramorum extra pubescens, lobis 5 lato-lanceolatis oe aequalibus tubo duplo brevioribus. Corolla pallide purpurea, 8 mm. longa, extus parce pubescens, lobis subaequalibus. Filamenta sub- adscendentia, barbata. Styli rami subaequales, 3 mm. longi. Nuculae ovoideae, glabrae. PHILIPPINES. Without precise locality, Micholitz. XVIII—THE LOCALITIES OF CUMING’S PHILIPPINE PLANTS. R. A. RouFE, An unfortunate confusion exists in Herbaria as to the localities of the plants collected by the late Hugh mimaely in the Philippines and other places visited during the sam onograp hs,f and as some as been discovered in the correspondence —— it seems desirable to outline the During the dis saa of hi made in Sonth sea 1s earlier much correspondence Maisoge moris philizyinonsis, A. DC., based on Cuming, n, 2255, is a native of Rolf. ourn, Philippiosnn, id Limn. Soe. xxi, p, 287; Vidal Phanerogamae Cumingianae t Eri iricconton: veces oga lon neatum, Cuming, n. 2396 xe specimen ea in Eng Natural re ats Collections, ca and the Pacific Islan ds, Cuming had had with Dr. (later Sir) William Hooker, then is given as Philippine on 47 strength of Crrsimen was collect ul Paanze eas Erica. rat hala Son ,. iss Perkins als te: fon was Gen foe eee ra Grif) a8 Philippine (Fragm. FL. Philipn. p. 35 Meee it 117 at Glasgow, and in a letter from 79, Charlotte Street, Fitzroy Square, London , dated November 24 , 1834, Cuming remarked :— “T shall feel most obliged if you will gain any information in Glasgow or Greenock ae cting Manilla and the Rrcgre gee Islands, as it ohare the climate, state of society amongst the lower classes and the aborigines, or any information of the Civil Government towards strangers, particularly those who might visit a place Ae Scientific pursuits. At the same time please to let e know if there have been any age of Natural History in as Islands, or Botanists. I am still of a roving mind, and should I gain anything like a EHitasticy account of rg place I have a great mind to pay it a visit for two or three yea On July 6, 1835, he again wrote, announcing cad “he had received the permission of the Spanish Court from the Spanish mbassador, through the influence of the Earl of Derby, to visit the Philippine Islands. He also announced his intention to start early in the New Year, and to collect the most complete Flora that circumstances permitted, including fruits and woods, and at the same time requested hints and instructions as to collecting, and letters of introduction to wes who might have interests in the Straits of Malacca, way Gog Penang, Canton, Java and Mani which et 3 he hoped to visit. Various other letters followed, showing that Dr. Hooker pee assisted the project. Finally on December 18, 1835, Cuming announced his intention to sail from Liverpool on or about the 15th of taney following. On December 24, 1836, Cuming announced that he had arrived at — on July 24th, but asthe rainy season had just set in he could ot make excursions into the country until the end of September. He then left for the Hacienda of Calaguan (Calauan), in the Centre of Luzon (Province of Laguna), where he remained till the 15th of December, making excursions in the neighbourhood, the result being that he had already collected rab 1,150 species of all classes, of which about a tenth were fer e had ue about 60 Orchids (not many in flower) and 125 his i. He then Rs poo for a journey to the southern aan Cebu, Negros, Leyte and Mindanao, where he expected to give an nally pcod account of himself. On November 18, 1838, he again wrote, alluding to a letter sent a year previously, to which no Dy ae at been received, so that it probably failed to reach its destinat He now reported as to 8 further journeys. After leaving ‘Calaguan (Calauan) he went Camiguin and Mindanao, which occupied ten months, and at the close the plants amounted to 1,900, including many ferns. His last trip was a continuation of the journey to the southern a namely, Samar, Leyte, Mashate, Ticao, Burias, Mindoro, and t south-eastern provinces of Luzon, Albay, Camarines, Tayabas ind Batangas. His fern collection was now augmented to 400 species, and the plants to 3,000. He had ascended to the very po of some of the mountains, to 5,000, 6,000 and even 7,000 feet. On the sea coast the plants were the same in all localities, but the dark woods and deep glens were his delight. He was now preparing for a journey to the north part of the island, and he expected to return in July following. In October he would start for Singapore, 118 suc in the north he could not say, as there was war between “Rees and the White people, but he could not leave such a place untouched. rad On June 5th, 1840, writing from 8, King’s Road, Gray’s Paes London, he announced his safe arrival that pei hal Singapore, with all his collections. Since his last letter - e been at Mt. Ophir, in the Malay Peninsula, and collecte . ; ; : - hoped to meet him. “ more particularly so,” he added, “as it is my wish for you to have the first choice in all the plants, as before. He also added :—“ 1 will exert myself to get all the plants = order ; those families that I am acquainted with I will pu together, such as the Ferns, Orchideae, Malvaceae, with their P localities, time collected, &e.” On October 13th he Square :—“I have the plea had moved to Kew), it appears that the plants were distributed by April 15th (the number being dispatched ; also that M for the localities) he again “of the useum,” kept a hich he could not get a copy until his return from holiday, but that whe 7 Fungi, Mosses, Lichens, ame odiums } “re Was apparently another complain for on February 22 (the year ig omitted) he wrote :-— ing Y Plants, Ope in a few days to send you the missing localities that you are deficient of. “That with the list have received from ill } - Benne : : © Promised information was ever ry 18 Uncertain, stn. ‘race of it can be found. Whether = ES 8 original -— is still in existence is also doubtful, =~ it ca ound at the British Musuem. But i probably contains the Same imperfections ag Sir William Hooker's 119 The copy in question was evidently ae in the preparation hic ‘of an old list of determinations from which the localities given in Vidal’s Phanerogamae Cumingianae Philippinarum was largely ‘extracted, but the inclusion of numbers cited from other sou rces has introduced a number of ee so that great uncer- tainty exists as to many of the locali From the preceding it is clear oe Cuming used no field numbers, and that the distribution numbers were not added until after the ferns and other Cryptogams, ent Figs ee some others had been separated. These numbers were given as the bundles were successively distributed, and ante pextalie3 indicate the sequence in which the places were visited. ith information now published it might be possible to stintiite ae , of the errors by a re-examination of the original tickets, but it i is -déubtful whether the material for a complete itinerary is in ae existence. The correspondence shows that some such journal was prepared by Cuming and submitted to Sir William Hooker with a view to publication, but was returned as unsuitable. Its subsequent history cannot be traced. An attempt has been made, in the light of the above corres- pondence, and with the aid of Sir William Hooker’s original list of determinations, to trace the localities of the extra-Philippine numbers but only with partial — Among the flowering gn ae earliest numbers for Sumatra, Malacca, Singapore and St. Helena have been found, and TH is carefully localised by Outi himself, as described above. This shows that numbers 2252 to 2399 are from Mala cea, 2400 to 2427 from Singapore, 2428 to 2443 from Sumatra,* and 2444 to 2464 from St. Helena. Besides these there are certain others, arising from the fact already mentioned that certain groups had been x eoangl before the n mbers were added. Very few indications of what these are can ‘be found in Sir William MHooker’s list. But Fos are the following respecting the Vascular Cryptogams: area to 368 Singapore ; 369 to 407, Malacca; 420 to 429, St. Helena. No indications of Sumatran ferns can be found; either here or in Smith’s Enumeratio Filicum Philippinarum, which also included Cuming’s “oe pale 7 gece numbers. These numbers require confirmation, - because 369 and 420 are not localised by Cuming on the ticket, while 363 has not been found. The list also indicates 2443 to 2251 as Sumatran Algae, and 2443 is carefully localised on the ticket by Cuming hin self. A few other numbers are localised in penci d i ot e ‘the only practicable course would be to compile a new at fro the original tickets as the missing specimens come to han The numbers from Sumatra and St. Helena sey not correctly indicated * . in Vidal’s ee Cumingianae Philippinaru 120 XIX—ADDITIONS TO THE WILD FAUNA AND FLORA OF THE ROYAL BOTANIC GARDENS, KEW: VII. I. FAUNA, COLEOPTERA. H. St. J. Donisthorpe. The following species of Coleoptera taken in Kew Gardens are mostly new to the published list of the Wild Fauna and Flora of he, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. The number of species recor ; up to now is very small, and there is no doubt that more close a systematic working will produce many more, Specimens ta . y Mr. G. Nicholson are marked “G. N.” and those taken by myself “ H. J. D.’ ADEPHAGA. Amara continna, Lh. flying in grounds Cid, v,.%).:: Bde By Amara similata, Gyil., in Propagating Pits (21, xii., 07). @. N. Pristonychus terricola, Hbst., under stone. Queen’s Cottage Grounds (21, xii., 07). G.N, HYDROPHILIDAR. pene ae flavipes, F., on window in Propagating Pits (3, xii., 07). Cercyon Unifunctatus, Z., on window in Propagating Pits (3, xii. 07). H. J.D. Cercyon quisquilius, Z. on window in Propagating Pits G<5.,,00: HJ D. : Cercyon nigrice » -Marsh., on window in Pro ting Pits (3, xii., 07). H. TD. —— paga STAPHYLINIDAR, = anit occulta, Zr., on window in Palm House (23, iii., 96), Phan Silphoides Z., on window in Propagating Pits (3, xii., 07). ne morio, Gr., under Philonthus laminatus, Crentz, (12, iv., 06). G.N. pees varians, Pj, Propagating Vite (3, xii, 07). H.J. D. Malin: 1 ; : ; : (3, xii. 07), ere Pk. on Window in Propagating Pits Stone in Fern House (28, i., 08). H, J 121 CLAVICORNIA. a es nigricans, Spence. Queen’s Cottage Grounds (21, xii., 07). a oo grandicollis, Hr. Queen’s Cottage Grounds (21, xii., 07). LAMELLICORNIA. Bo bots porcatus, ¥.,0on window in Palm House (23, iii., 96). . J.D. SERRICORNIA. Ptilodactyla santivincentis, Champ, 8 g and 2 ¢. Propagating Pits (3, xii., 07); 4, i., 08, &c.) The $$ have beautifully flabellated antennae. Rhragonycha pallida,, F. (12, iv., 06). G.N. Malachins bipustulatus, Z. (12, iv., 06). G.N, Necrobia rufipes, De G., in parcel of Specimens from Uganda (21, i., 08). PHYTOPHAGA. Plectroscelis concinna, Mursh (12, iv., 06). G.N. HETEROMERA. Meloé prascarabaeus ZL. The common “Oil beetle.’ In grounds (29, iv., 89). H.J.D. The “Oil beetles” in their early Stages are parasitic on bees of the genus Anthophora. RHYNCHOPHORA. Phyllobius pyri, Z. (12, iv.,06). G. N. Phyllobius maculicornis, Germ. (12, iv., 06). G.N. Phyllobius vividiaeris, Saich. (12, iv., 06). G.N. _ “Seolytid” sp? Propagating Pits (3 & 4, xii, 07). Five specimens were taken of this small Scolytid beetle which I have been unable to name or get named at the Natural History Museum. HJ. D. HYMENOPTERA. FORMICIDAE (Ants). H. St. J. Donisthorpe. The following is a list of the ants taken by, or obtained for, m in the hot-houses at Kew since December 3rd last. I am indebted to the kindness of Professor Forel for the names of most of the species. In his last letter he writes “you have a large Fauna in the houses at Kew.” They are all my own captures except where it is otherwise stated. Those marked with * are new to the Kew published list (Bulletin, Additional Series V., 1906, p. 27). 122 i icornis, Latr. A cosmopolitan species. ¢ @ oe re and No. 18. J. H. Dines found a nest in a flower-pot in the Propagating Pits containing 13 ? ¢. *Prenolepis caeciliae, Forel. Species from Costa Rica. Abundant -in Fern and ouses. en ae is vivi Nyl. Central American species. ( ti Ne ioe Palin Hie (23. IIT. 96). The late Mr. Haliday took it in hot-houses in'Ireland. “Prenolepis flavipes, Smith. Japanese species. 33, ¢ ¢,and 3 3 amongst lily bulbs from Tokio. Jan., W. B. Little. “Plagiolepis alluardi, Hm. Species from Seychelles Isles. Abundant in Palm House. Occurs in the Botanic Gardens in Kdinburgh and Dublin. pe Technomyrmex albipes, Smith. Cosmopolitan species. - dant in sonora Pits, Fern and Palm tien, &e. Winged $ 8, and very interesting ergatoid (wingless) ¢ ¢ not uncommon in House. -*Ponera coaretata, Latr. Winged'9. Palm House. *Ponera coarctata, sub. sp. boerorum Forel. South African species. ¥ 3. Fern House. *Tetramorium simillimum, Smith. Cosmopolitan species. ¢ % and ¥ %. Palm House. *Wasmannia auro-punctata, Roger. West Indian ree i . ’ 7 3 an 4 s nests in and under flower-pots, and in the leaf-sheaves of Piper obliquum, var. eximium. It is stated to cultivate fungi. : ds, called “soldiers,” in numbers. Orchid House, - P. Raffll. This new variety is very abundant in the hot-houses at Zurich, iglyphothrix Striatidens, Hy), Fern House and common in Palm H *Strumigenys togeri, Hm. West Indian Species. ¥Y ¥ scarce in Propagating Pits, Widespread. % 3 scarce in ouse. HEMIPTERA-HOMOPTERA, APHIDAE, R. Newstead. British Isles, and although it was, in _ the first instance, thought to new to science, I have come to the conclusion that it is the insect i j20b1 a“ Tener) Says that he and an alli ies in Engl _ interest. cats ete, The examples have been forwarded to the Britj f A \ ritish Museum 0 Natural History 80 that they may be available for future study. "Monograph of British Aphides, vol, iv has not been able to identify this d, so that the record is of much y P 98, 123 * TI have given a oo of the insect, and have also ‘added figures of the antenna, proboscis and anterior tarsus in order to facilitate its identification by those who may be interested in ‘the study of these somewhat obscure insects. Rhizobius menthae, Pass. Females and developmental stages living in aggregated masses ‘of densely felted or flocculent secretion on the underground stems and roots of the food-plant. The floceulent matter is pure white, but extremely fragile, and is usually formed upon the underground stems and roots, more especially the former, where there are small cavities in the surrounding soil. Isolated sacs sometimes occur, and these are irregularly spheroid in shape, Apterous adult female dull orange desiche sometimes with a pale reddish tinge, especially on the dorsum. Legs, antennae and proboscis smo ane, br rown, articulations hace The —— in spinnerets tice ontind much depressed, and ar double irregular series in groups of from 7~11 in number. The derm is also furnished with a few aivate | spines which are widely separated and irregularly placed. Rhizobius menthae, 124 Habitat: On the roots and underground stems of Mentha aquatica, The Lake, Kew, 13.10.06. Collected by Mr. G. Nicholson, to whom I am much indebted for a liberal supply of specimens. The young females and larvae resemble the adults in colour ; but the immature females are generally covered with a long white flocculent secretion. The characters herein described agree, on the whole, with Passerini’s description of Rhizobius menthae, but I do not find the marked variation in the antennal formula which is said by the author to exist in this insect. It is just possible therefore that the examples from Kew may hereafter prove a distinct species; but we know so little of the structural characters of the British Aphides that I do not deem it desirable to add to the confusion that already exists by erecting a new name for this addition to the fauna of the British Isles, COCCIDAE. R. Newstead. Physokermes abietis, Geoff. (Females only.) Two examples were “shaken into an umbrella” from Calluna vulgaris (6.6.07) ; but as this insect is confined to the Spruce fir (Picea excelsa) these specimens had in all probability fallen from the branches of an overhanging tree. Pulvinaria Vitis, var. euonymi, Gour, (Females only.) On Euonymus “~iegat ‘ Daliinens Y europaeus variegatus (7.6.06) ; Coll., W. Lecanium persicae, var. ribis, Fitch. (Females only.) On Ribes speciosum, a Californian speci rowing against a (11.12.07), Coll, W. Bie pecies growing again On Teucrium radica; ES eae W. B, Little (0.1.08). 04 Sereis chinensis (on a wall). Coll., Lecanium longulum, Douglas. (Females only.) On Putranjiva Roxburghii, Coll., G. Nicholson (28.3.07). Lecanium oleae, Bern. (Females only.) On Randia macrantha. Coll., G. Nicholson (1907). Pinnaspis buxi, Bouché, (Females only.) On Vellozia tricophylla. Coll, G, Nicholson (1907). Diaspis boisduvallii, Sign, (Females and male puparia.) ‘ On Vellozia tricophylla, from Briti : No. 18 (19.9.07)." Goll, @ Nicholas. Atte. Howse 125 © Aspidiotus zonatus, Frauen. A large colony of male puparia, on the underside of the leaves of Quercus pedunculata. These examples formed the prettiest little colonies that I have yet seen in this country, and they were unusually numerous, though the females were very scarce. : oo citri, Risso. (Living adult females and empty male Se ia.) Fae communis, var. tarentina. Coll, W. B. Little, 04 1.08). The host plant was growing against a wall, some distance from a glass house. This record is therefore of great ipicres as shod the hardy nature of this insect. It is, I believe, the common practice among horticulturists of this country to Sica bug-infestel houses to the action of frost with the view of ridding such structures of meally bug. In the light of this discovery it is quite evident that such meaaceeil must be altogether futile. II. FLORA. PHANEROGAMS AND VASCULAR CRYPTOGAMS. A. B. Jackson. Trifolium pratense, var. americanum, Harz. Rough grassy and shady places in the Arboretum and elsewhere. It differs chiefly from the common form of the Red Clover in being much more robust in habit, a foot high or more, and having the stems clothed with spreading not appressed pubescence. No doubt of American origin and only found here in a naturalised condition. Harz extent in this country, They state however that, while in special cases it may prove very lekariant yet its height and vigour differ with soil and climate, and they have not found i to be “t a more productive than other strains. It seems, too ted by variations of temperature and on epee 3 this susceptibility is not strongly recommended as a fodder pla Scirpus maritimus, ZL. This species, i has been — tently omitted from the Kew list, occurs within our area on mud banks by the river associated with Eleocharis palustris, Scirpus triqueter, S. carinatus-and other cpr ia plants. It is rare inland but has been known asa Tham pe ar for over a century, and is still ears! its own here. The figure in Curtis EL eg nage og is drawn from a Thames specimen. See Trim. & Dyer, Fl. Middlesex, 299 (1869). Lolium italicum, A. Br., var. muticum, DC. Rough unmown places about the Arboretum, especially ‘near the Palace. This awnless variety of the Italian Rye-grass grows here with the type, 126 © and is liable to be passed over for L. perenne. It may be distinguished by the scabrid rachis, but is connected with the type by an intermediate state, which has some of the flowering glumes shortly awned. A very variable species ; when growing under luxuriant conditions, as it does at Kew, the spikes often become branched. L. perenne x italicum. A grass which Dr. K. Domin thought was this combination was not uncommon at Kew last August wherever the parents occurred. Selaginella krausiana, 4. By. Occurs in a naturalised condition in the Rhododendron dell and in the Rockery. Is not uncommon ° naturalised in warm parts of Devon and Cornwall. A native of. Cape Colony, Fernando Po, Azores, &c. MUSCINEAE. Decranoweisia cirrata, Lindb. This common species had not. been known to fruit in the gardens until Mr. Nicholson found it in small quantity on the branches of an elder in Queen’s Cottage Grounds. In a barren state it has been found in the Arboretum on trunks of oak and elm. This is a frequent species in the Midlands, sometimes covering thatched roofs with its green cushions which bristle with capsules, is however somewhat erratic in its distribution, and is still unrecorded from Cambridge, aon and West Norfolk. It is very rare or extinct in Oxford- shire. 7 Barbula tophacea, Mitt. On blocks of Oolite by the small pond in the Himalayan House or North wing of the Temperate House. Mr. Nicholson tells me the stone was brought from Moreton-in- arsh, Gloucestershire, Weisia tenuis, C. Mueller. Same habitat as the last and doubtless ti . a sent a specimen, considers it an undescribed moss, pointing out in ; however, to whom | oat Wright in Cuba. Dr. Brotherus, med addition that the habitat was . 127 | uni te =O species of Splachnobry um being known to occur on | plant stems. Mr, Dixon after seeing a second specimen and the crac erste —_ i oe Weep aa see anything to separate the Sheetal too : om S. Wrightii, C. Mueller, judging from the drawings ; I aaLSE help Hing it would be a mistake to describe it ie new, - pe presumably from the ae and if this were the case with the Kew plant it might Sead Ares have come over with a western | plant originally.” ree herus in a further communication | states that he is unable to say whether or not the plant is identical . with S. ‘ei i tee as ate as not had an opportunity of comparing it with that spec Eurhynchium siieicuie Bruch. et Schimp. On clay in the | Rhododendron dell; a new locality. Previously only known from the Palace Grounds. XX.—MISCELLANEOUS NOTES, Sir RICHARD STRACHEY, R.E., G.C.S.L, F.R. S.—By t the death — at his residence in London on February 12, 1908, of this distin- . guished Anglo-Indian official and statesman, in his 91st year, Kew has lost a warm and devoted friend. A grandson of Sir Henry Strachey, Bart., of Sutton Court, Somerset, and third son of the late Edward Strachey, Bengal Civil Service, Sir Richard was born at Sutton Court on July 24, © 1817. After two years spent at the military college of the Hon. East India Company, eae he was appointed to the © Bombay Engineers in 1 as transferred to the Bengal - Engineers in 1839. With the ssmetion of an interval of active military duty during the first Sikh war, when at the baitle of Sobraon his horse was shot Shae him, and of another interval during the Indian cient oe when he served as Secretary in all / departments to the Cen i @ h whole of Sir Richard’s services were devoted to the Department of Public Works, at first in connection with irrigation and later in | Of he great or lasting achievements nd signal git ents India At the close of the Sikh War Biase, sa had made the authoritative plan of the Sikh position and of the attack at 3 obraon, and had assisted in the construction of the bridge acrosg- 128 the Sutlej which enabled our troops to enter thé territory of the Sikh Khalsa, was given a brevet-majority for his distinguished appointed in 1842. Frequent attacks of fever, however, necessi- tated his transfer to the Hill Station of Naini Tal, and afforded him opportunities, of which he availed himself to the utmost, of studying the vegetation of the North-Western Himalayas, more especially in Kumdon and in the adjacent portions of Garhwal and Tibet. Little was known regarding the flora of Kumdaon until about sixty years ago, when Strachey commenced his scientific survey of the mountain ranges westward of Nepal, and afterwards, in y will be found in the Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of XV. : a by Hemsley on the “ Flora of Tibet or High Asia” published in the Journal of the Linnean Seciety, Vol. XXXV. (1902). The herbarium, which contained over two thousand species (including cryptogams), was distributed in 1852-53 to the Hookerian Herba- rium (now at ew), the British Museum, the Linnean Society, d ontinental museums. All the specimens with notes of the localities and elevation <*] Ss m o 5 ° Fr S ® © % ited Provi . At the request of Sir Richard sakes ene) t contains the whole of the Strachey and broug P to date in accordance wi i Rs ith Sir Joseph Hooker's “ Flora of British India.” It also includes sky additional Species discove y by various collectors. Species and varieties discovered by red subsequent] &s than thirty-t i . Onéo Stracheya tibetica, Senasntice » bear his name enting a distinct and monotypic him in the Gugé Valley, within the borders aha een thousand feet. But perhaps i : y, trom a botanical point of view, was thé iene a ere called Circeaster agrestis, which, owing to mplicity of its floral structure, has presented much Sir R. Strach. th, ey, no le 129 difficulty in the attempts of botanists to determine its true affinity ; and even now it occupies only a provisional and Although the two great divisions of the “Kew Gardens” of earlier days—the Pleasure Grounds and Botanic Garden—were henceforth under the one management, a light iron fence still divided them, and no attempt beyond the formation of these two vistas (and a shorter one to the west) appears to have been made to blend their landscape treatment. The various plantings on one side of the fence had no bearing or connection with those on the other side. As a matter of history it may be mentioned that the iron fence just alluded to was erected in 1843. In that year 45 acres had been taken, by permission of Queen Victoria, from the Pleasure Grounds and added to the old Botanic Garden, which at that time covered under 20 acres. The fence marked the new It began a little to the north of the Unicorn Aes and or to allow these to remain unaltered. A gravel walk ran along the centre of each of them from the Palm House to the Stafford Walk. The remainder, extending to the Pagoda in the one case and to the banks of the Thames in the other, has long been smooth lawn. 31393 c 130° formal garden direct to King William’s Temple; the other, also commencing at the formal garden, has been made to join the path which skirts the Azalea Garden and passes through the Beech and Hazel collections to the Bamboo Garden. W. J. B. Utilization of Pond Mud.—Several of the old agricultural writers have advocated the utilization of pond mud, and as a writer in “British Husbandry ” (1837) observes: “The mud from ponds, when they are cleaned out, has always been an object of attention to farmers.” Pond mud has proved valuable at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, where the deposit from the bottom of the lake has been used past for general gardening purposes, as a dressing Where it j 8 it is carried in barrows on to the panks ‘easily, tee oo gs ae ad drain until it can. be broken up : stributed over the lawns, woods, beds, &€¢-, 131 where under the influence of weather = pee breaks down. used on beds or borders it is forked over, and mixed with ma other soil soon after it has been put on hee lawns it is used in the proportion of about 20 loads to the acre, it is then chain hharrowed and raked, and after that it soon works down below the grass. When the lake i first cleaned out in 1892 to 1894 the was found to be five feet deep in some parts, and altogether some thowsanté of loads were removed. An analysis has been made of the mud taken from the Kew jake, and 5 of some Se mud from aa: aaenerse The ple fr Kew contained 45°15 per cent. of moisture and that from Nottinghamshire contained 78°81 vet cent. ; in order to ‘enable them to be compared, the results are given in the following table free of moisture :— ete 3 ; ' Sample Sample from Kew. -from Notts. _ Per cent | Per cent. « Organic matter* ‘and ee on oe hontine: oa 11-30 | “<1 r side of iron and alumin : ee $17 10°45 ‘Li Te A cole 12-04 | 7-79 q Riaprbvaehis; alkalies, ke, oe et oo 0-97 7-05 Carbonic aci = ees ise a 8°85 Phosphoric se sce 0°27 0°32 Insoluble silioasitd matter... a ae 58°40 46°68 — Total wee ate nes 100 100 *Containing nitrogen ... am oan see 0:439 0°862 Equal Ok fe a se 0-533 It will be seen that the Kew sample in its dry state had less than half the quantity of vegetable matter (and nitrogen deckean onary contained in the other. It had, however, more lime and nearly as much phosphoric acid. The fact that the one i e the Kew sample in its natural state the richer of the two. The quantity of lime would make it a useful material for any land where lime is needed. ‘Two other samples of mud from ponds in Kent are referred to ‘in the fifth report of the Analytical Laboratory at the South-Eastern Agricultural College, Wye. Sample A was from a pond —e had not been “mudded” since 1836, and as neither ditches n r drains run into it, othe water supply has been kept up only by paroolation through the soil which is described as a sandy c sage For many years the pond had, gb coe the summer, been a mass of weeds, mainly silk weed and Nymphaea alba. The snalyese “showed this mud to contain 23°3 per cent. of a 7°38 per cent. of organic matter, and °183 per cent. of nitrogen Sample B was from an adjacent pond into which a little ditch and several drains run, It was expected that the mud would very rich and it was used as a dressing for hops. Analysis showed, however, that the mud was little, if any, richer than the soil of the hop garden, and it had not, therefore, much value as a fe: 31398 ve 132 i ses It is mentioned in the report that “The jecigpeteea MDs going on at the bottom of a pond are very sigh nh Bea matter is broken up into carbonic acid, marsh oe horas fee and free nitrogen is probably liberated also. niger ere organic matter would survive, but these ab oe manure.” The analysis showed this sample aire ie bee per cent, of waiter, 7-3 per cent. of organic matter, an of nitrogen. ne gk Generally speaking, the effect of such a aerae Rie ae physical or mechanical one as a chemical one, and i Oe ie Oe of a lighter and drier texture would help in pelatid euary Ti heavy land, on the other hand, it might not be so 5 - This article has been reproduced by ee fon Journal of the Board of Agriculture, vol. xiv., No. 8, pp. 495-497, — ors- Ro hschildianum, Lissochilus giganteus, L. 48 Jalliae, Eulophiella Peetersiana, Mormodes badium, esc : 8 - deorsa. In addition to orchids various ot e resented, including large masses of several species . yanthes, specially imported from Queensland, and som ds, Leaf, spadices and fruits of a species of rag cir ie fro ra, together with photographs of this tree, an H. thebaica, grown at oda. Received from Mr. G. ; 6. berintendent, State Gardens, Baroda. Case 90, Museum No. II. ; Acacia mollissima, Wood and bark specimens, from Mr. J. Duss MeosnarkS> Director, Botanic Gardens, Durban, ae ’ ema Ammoniacum, A sample of the gum-resin, purchase in a store at Bis Algeri i from Dr, Schweinl- furth, per Dr. Stapf, kra, Algeria, Received from 133. Series of photographs of the Karroo region, S. Africa, from Prof. M. C. Potter, Armstrong College, Newcastle. Odontadenia speciosa. Small sample of rubber prepared from this plant, present value about 2s. per lb. eceived from Mr. J. H. Hart, F.L.S., Superintendent, Royal Botanic Gardens, Trinidad. Case 78, Museum No. [. Specimens from Gold Coast. Rubber from Funtumia elastica, coagulated with an infusion of the leaves of Bauhinia reticulata. Case 78, Museum No. I. Fruits of Landolphia senegalensis. Case 75, Museum No. I. Fruits of Elaeis guineensis, var. The pericarp of the fruit yields a white oil. Case 61, Museum No. II. Received from Mr. A. E. Evans, Botanical and Agricnltural Department, Gold Coast. Mangrove (Rhizophora Mangle). Young plants and an aerial branched root 52 feet in length. Received from Mr. W. Crosley, Prestea, Gold Coast. Case D1, Museum No. I. and Museum No. 111. Produce from Mincing Lane. Hevea brasiliensis, oil from the seeds, from Ceylon. Chillies from Java. False Buchu (Barosma ns ?) from Cape Colony. Scopolia japonica, roots from apan. JODRELL LABORATORY. —A portrait of Dr. D. H. Scott, F.R.S., whose retirement from the post of Honorary Keeper of the Laboratory was recorded in the Kew Bulletin for 1906, p. 383, having been subscribed for by botanists who have from time to time actually worked in the Laboratory, was on the afternoon of Saturday, 29th February, presented to Kew by the subscribers. Tt is placed in the Keeper’s private room. The portrait is the work of Mr. J. Kerr-Lawson. LIBRARY.—The Bentham Trustees have presented to the Library an excellent copy of the Buch der Natur of Conrad von Alemann, of Magdeburg, usually known as Conrad von Megenberg. It is a small folio of 240 leaves, including two blank, and 12 full- page woodcuts. Title-page, pagination, signatures and catch- words are all wanting, as is usually the case in books of the period to which it belongs. The full-page consists of 35 lines in one column, printed in Gothic type. The volume is dated 1482, and was published at the press of Anthonius Sorg, in Augsburg. Many of the leaves are quite uncut, and the binding of the original boards covered with stamped leather is remarkably well preserved. The Buch der Natur was first printed in 1475, and altogether six editions appeared in the fifteenth century, the last in 1499. According to Meyer (Geschichte der Botanik, iv. 193-206, 278-280) other editions with a slightly modified title were issued in 1536 and 1540, and Pritzel (Thes. Lit. Bot., ed. 2, n. 6052) records an edition, edited by F. Pfeiffer, and published at Stuttgart, in 1861. From evidence which the book itself affords — fourteenth century. He himself was not the author of the work, . for he acknowledges that he translated it from Latin into German. 134 to nature to admit of their identification. Anionge: a herbs delineated are Convallaria majalis, Ranuncu ais draw Centaurea Cyanus and Viola odorata. It is of interes The first edition of the Buch der Natur as shown above antedates the Herbarius by 9 years. : The Bentham Trustees have also presented two copies = rit Trees of Great Britain and Ireland, by H. J. Elwes, FRE phi A. Henry, of which three volumes have so far been a a This sumptuous work, which will include a full account of a consist of six quarto volumes, each a | ccompa: To the botanist, foreste importance, aye translated into French by E. Tiéche, edition with a su ‘ pag Denkschriften der aligemeinen ‘Bad. xl. Defective Oak Spoke.—Messrs, Vickers, Sons and Maxim sent a defective oak spoke to Kew in January last ; their letter, together with Mr. Boodle’s report, seem to be of sufficient interest for publication, : Extract From letter of Messrs. Vickers, Sons and Maxim to the Director of Kew. full of what appears to be small buds, _and we have never seen anything like it before in oak, . We. bu the billets of wood from timher:.merchants: in: sections of about 135, visible: on the cleft surface; or they may have been covered over, which seems unlikely, by annular rings without buds. Each billet is carefully stamped with the place of origin and the date, but unfortunately these data were cut off. the spoke in question before the peculiar gered ene were noted. -We know that it is English grown, but as we buy from Somerset to Ke ent, we are unable to ldcate this farionlar specimen nearer than that. I should be glad to hear from you what is the cause of this peculiarity. you think that the spoke is of any abe to you to put in your show case, you are at liberty to keep it REPORT ON DEFECTIVE OAK SPOKE. The small “ eyes” in the wood are abnormally sae tiger rays, many of which have split (pres pai ceaghl in drying). In cases the broad medullary ray encloses a mall ring of poly Rape, which surrounds a second medutlany sk The appearance the wood’ may be compared with the “ bird's-eye ” structure found i in stems on which there are “ burrs,” but in this instance it appears probable, from the structure, that a large conspicuous burr may not have been present. ~The exact cause cannot be sedosthained: ‘bat the most poles onplansioa of the structure is that the enlargement of the medu ary rays was connected with the formation of adventitious roots in the athe many years before the tree was felled, the roots remaining quite small, or dying after a short time (v. Borthwick, ie: advamieas Poot and their relation to bird’s-eye formation in the wood of various Trees,” Notes from the Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh, No. XV1., Sept., 1905). Each root would be connected with a broad medullary ray, which would be continued gre in the new wood year after year, causing twisted grain athe adjacent wood. Possibly there may have been sid VeneHetOtie? buds instead of roots. It is almost certain that the broad —. Hary rays must bs ave been present at any rate on one surface of the billet, but in unplaned wood they might be fisheeniedi. ‘ especially if the splits in them have become more icone nen during storage. L. A s geen: from Labrador.—In continuation of the contributions to the Flora of Labrador by Sir William MacGregor, G.C.M.G., Governor of Newfoundland: published i - the Kew Bulletin, 1907, pp..76-88. a further collection of plants has been received a t Kew from Sir William MacGregor, ea the Colonial Office. The collection was made at the instance of the Governor, by the Rev. P. Het tasch, in the neighbourhood of cine on the coast of Labrador, 136 in Labrador } the plants collected by the Rev. P. Hettasch in A ge a inpeecsorday to Macoun’s list of Labrador plants. Anemone parviflora, Michz. Ranunculus Cymbalaria, Pursh. % nivalis, Z. hyperboreus, Rotid. Coptis trifolia, Salisb. Papaver nudicaule, L. Draba incana, L. var. arabisans, Wats. Arabis alpina, L. Draba fladnizensis, Wulf. Cochlearia officinalis, L. Lesquerella arctica, §. Wats, Viola labradorica, Schrank. Silene acaulis, L. Lychnis apetala, L. % alpina, L. Arenaria groenlandica, Spreng. peploides, ZL. Stellaria longipes, Goldie, var. Edwardsii, Britton. Stellaria cf. 8. longipes, Goldie. Cerastium alpinum, L. lus alpinus, Z. Oxytropis campestris, LZ. Lathyrus maritimus, Bigel. Rubus Chamaemorus, L. » arcticus, Z. Dryas integrifolia, Vahl, Sibbaldia procumbens, L. ge norvegica, L., glabra. Piteittn norvegica, L., var. hirsuta, Potentilla maculata, Poir, . tridentata, Soland., % anserina, Z., var. groenlandica, “Pratt, Potentilla litoralis, Rydh, Amelanchier oligocarpa, Roem. Saxifraga oppositifolia, L. * Aizoon, Jacq. 5 caespitosa, L. s cernua, L. - nivalis, D. Parnassia palustris, L. Sedum roseum, L. Chamaenerium latifolium, Sweet. Viburnum pauciflorum, Pylaie. Linnaea borealis, Gronov. Lonicera coerulea, L. Solidago multiradiata, Ait. Aster puniceus, L. Aster sp. near A. nemoralis, L. Erigeron uniflorus, L. Gnaphalium norvegicum, Gunner. - supinum, L. Artemisia borealis, Pall. Achillea Millefolium, Linn. Arnica alpina, Murr. Senecio aureus, L. var. » Pseudo-Arnica, Less. Taraxacum ceratophorum, DC. Campanula rotundifolia, L. Vaccinium uliginosum, L. re caespitosum, Miche. ” Vitis-Idaea, L. Arctostaphylos alpina, Spr. Cassandra calyculata, D. Don. Andromeda polifolia, L. Loiseleuria procumbens, Desv. Phyllodoce taxifolia, Salisb. Kalmia glauca, Ait. Ledum palustre, x » latifolium, Ait. Azalea lapponica, Wahlenb. Pyrola minor, Z. Pyrola rotundifolia, LZ. Moneses uniflora, A. Gray. Diapensia lapponica, Linn. Armeria labradorica, Wally. Primula farinosa, L. * misstassinica, WMichx. Gentiana sp. Pleurogyne rotata, Griseb. Menyanthes trifoliata, Z. Mertensia maritima, 8. F. Gray. Veronica alpina, ZL. Pedicularis groenlandica, Retz. Ae lapponica, DL. _ euphrasioides, DC. flammea, L. Rhinanthus Crista-Galli, Z. Pinguicula villosa, L. J vulgaris, LD. Plantago borealis, Lange. Polygonum viviparum, DL, Oxyria digyna, Hill. Rumex Acetosella, Z. Comandra livida, Richards. Alnus viridis, DC. (var. ?) 137 Salix argyrocarpa, Anders. » vestita, Pursh. » Ssp.nearS. Uva-ursi, Pursh, 9 Sp. Empetrum nigrum, Z. Listera cordata, R. Br. Spiranthes Romanzoffiana, Cham, Habenaria hyperborea, R. Br. ‘i obtusata, Pursh. Streptopus amplexifolius, DC. Maianthemum bifolium, DC. Tofieldia palustris, Huds. Luzula campestris, DC. Eriophorum vaginatum, Z. a Scheuchzeri, Hoppe. ; angustifolium, Roth. Carex capillaris, Z. » rariflora, Smith. » Sp. near C. vaginata, Tausch, Hierochloa alpina, R. & S. g borealis, R. & S. Equisetum arvense, Linn. Woodsia glabella, R. Br, Sterculia Alexandri—Specimens of Sterculia Alexandri, Harv., including female flowers and fruit, which were hitherto unde- scribed, have been received from Dr. 8. Schénland, Director of the Albany Museum, Grahamstown About the year 1868, S. Alexandri was rediscoveredt by rt. G. W. Browning, Collector of Customs at Port Elizabeth, “in a gorge of the Van Staden’s River 1-2 miles to the north of where the main road to Capetown crosses the river,” and distributed in MacOwan’s Plantae Austro-Africanae, No. 2058; and farther material was gathered later at the same locality by Mrs. Holland and communicated to Kew in 1881 by Mr. H. Bolus. * Proc, Dubl. Univ. Zool, & Bot. Assoc., vol. i., p. 140, t. 15. : sal The following partonlar are hen Gants note by Bolus in the erbarium, , i in a: dated January . . Schonland writes as: follows, in a letter rier th a Ww weeks ago it was my good. fortune to a locality ‘where’ one of our most-interesting plants grows, namely, " Slerculid Alezandri, Hary. it grows on a pes Kamahas, .about six miles north of Uitenhage, in a y ravines. "We went there to collect the fruit, and not se Pees nearly ripe fruit, but also the female flowers, and as both of | ding seem to have been unknown hitherto I have pleasure in eee pies you by the same post specimens of both. We found : aaa fruits were not quite ripe, but as the baboons, which are plen rier were evidently eating them rapidly, we thought it best. to co a whatever we could, and not trust to the chance of finding oT fruit later on, especially as it seems that the tree can 4 beret propagated by cuttings, and I am going to see what can be t. in ‘that respec “As the baboons were so fond of the seed, I thought I would tr y more than about 20 feet in hei pleasing.” cpl 2 h The closely allied §. Murex, Hemsl., which is a native of th ransvaal, has seeds the size of a lar e grape, which are muc ‘esteemed by the natives as an articl eaten by white people. in appearance and flavour. quickly get faton them. {t has worth a trial by farmers in the ght, but the foliage is. very ‘drier parts of the coun ~p. 805). A S. Alexandri belongs to the small series Digitatae, K, Schum., -frhich includes the following species, all of which ‘have digitate 8 :—S. Murex, S. Pexa (Cochinchina), S. versicolor (Burma) : S. mexicana (Mexico), and §. foeti , Which occurs in India, the Malay. Archipelago, and Australia, Se The following description of the female flowers and fruits of Alexandri has been drawn up from the material communicated ~by Dr. Schénland. — - Sterculia Alexandri, Hary. in Proc. Dubl. Univ. Zool. & Bot. - Assoc., vol. i, (1859), p. 140, ¢, 15; Thes. i : Fl. Neda typ. 178; descriptio supp %% a : ey : Pree : - Arbor usque'ad 6 m. alta (teste Schénland). Pedicelli usque ad 15 cm longi, Flores. 9 —Calyx luteus, intra tubum rubro- ; tubus 8 mm, altus, apice 1-5 em. diametro ; lobi ovato- “ \ s S Engl &-Prantly Nat, Pane Cap. vol. i:, p. 3, td; lementaria (auct. Th we a - Se Oolk G » Vol, iii, part vi., p..96, 7 oe 139° oblongi, 1 om. longi, basi ‘7-9 mm. lati, reflexi. jt joe 8 mm. lon ngum, pilis smplicibus puberditin . Filamenta 11-13, in cupulam vix 1 mm. altam extra pu ibebalaiis Sonnet superne 0:25-0:75 mm. libera; antherae vix 1°5:mm. longae. « Folliculi wat a ie eee supra applanati, circiter em. longi, cm. lati, 4 cm. crassi, apice obtuse umbonati, umbone usque a - here ete tuberculis ort cis ac ae usque ad 5 mm. longis eati, pilis stellatis brunneo-tomentelli. Semina 4-8 pro follicalo, a cop eatin compressione pandas, ultra 2 em. longa. Testa ratis onstans, quorum externum crustaceum oma ern pains et internum carnosa. i ai, a alte oe segmentis plano-convexis embryonem occultan 4 C Oliaceae, ellipticae, circiter 15 cm. longae, 12 cm. latae, antina te leviter exserta The “female” flowers of §. Alex andri have well-developed anthers containing an abaridalius of pollen, and it is possible that they are really hermaphrodite. T.A Hollow Potatoes—During the past autumn some diseased potatoes were submitted to Kew for investigation. e potatoes were well grown and externally showed no trace of injury or disease, but when cut open were found to be hollow, an external shell, varying from a pees to half an inch in thi ckness, remaining intact. n some examples the cavity was quite empty, dry, and lined with a shrivelled mass, suggesting the previous presence of some semifluid substance that had contracted and dried up. In other cases the cavity was more or less filled with a glairy, unpleasant ‘Smelling pulp, which on aye examination was found to eeeemni ing with Dematoner or eelwor c nematodes gradually aned up the substance of the tuber, working from the centre outwards until their progress was checked by the vascular zone which lies at some distance within the periphery, — - This zone appeared in every instance to have acted asa perfect barrier to the further extension of the eelworms, hence the tissue lying between the vascular: ring and the periphery of the tuber remained uninjure Section of Hollow Potato, 140 The nematode appeared to be Aphelenchus pyri, Bastian, a species originally found in decaying pears. Its presence in potato tubers, notwithstanding the amount of injury effected, does not necessarily prove the nematode to be a true parasite ; it a wou i ini i 0 Two tubers infected at the point indicated above, by covering the scar with slime containing eelworms obtained from a diseased tuber, were placed under a bell-jar, and kept in the dark at an average temperature of 65° F. After ten days one of the tubers was cut open and revealed a cavity about one inch in diameter filled with slime containing myriads of eelworms. The second tuber was allowed to remain for a month when the internal cavity was found to have reached the limit of its extension, that is up to the vascular ring. young No trace of bacteria or fungi was found in the slime. The potatoes were purchased at the Brentford market, hence their source of origin is unknown, as is also the nature of the soil in which they were grown, or the kind of manure used, &c. Judging trom the large percentage of hollow tubers present in the small quantity purchased, it would appear that a local epidemic, caused by nematodes, had existed where the potatoes were grown. - The above account is not intended to convey the impression that all hollow potatoes are due to eelworms. Potatoes are often more or less completely hollowed out by centipedes, more especially by Julus pulchellus. In such instances however an entrance is effected by commencing at the surface and eating their way into the interior of the tuber. G. M. Rae are snse el Suleyman convolvulacea is raph of Eastern Asia, as indeed . © genus, of which twenty-two are berlued kr hese rene belongs to the small sbction charac- ng the calyx entirely superior. The Kew plant 141 hes presented by Mr. Max Leichtlin of Baden-Baden. Its flowers € large, broadly campanulate, and blue, with lobes #-14 inches ig ong. Pyrus Tschonoskit i - a Japanese species, Bg amt ps rare in its native country, whence it was introduced into the Arnold Arboretum _by Professor Sargent, who, in 1897, secanated plants to Kew. It is peculiar on account of its erect open and rather forshat habit. The Chinese Potentilla concolor is a new species based on P. Griffithit, var. concolor, Franch. It resembles P. Russelliana, a hybrid between P. argyrophylia, Wall., var. atrosanguinea, Hook. f., and P. nepalensis, Hoo which is figured at t. 3470, but its flowers instead of being blood-red are bright yellow. Tis appearance in our gardens is due to Messrs. Lariz Griffithii is a native of Sikkim and Bhutan. Owing to the great difficulty attending its cultivation it is still very rare in the gardens of Great Britain. The drawing was prepared from Yeheb.—The Rev. Dr. Warre, whose interest in this subject has ste recorded at p. 37 of this volume, forwards an interesting emorandum by Mr. G. G. Gilligan, an officer resident ae British Somaliland, ‘Teta throws some light on the doubtful points referred to in the concluding paragraph of the previous ne at p. 44. It will be seen that this memorandum, which is reproduced below, gives a third alternative spelling for the native name. “ Yehab.—Grows in the sandy soil peculiar to ‘ Haud. > Also found in Marehan. Grows in i Boo anak in good seasons, In ‘ Haud’ found in tract of coun ongst which the following ait! ‘Galadi, Galkayu, Damot. Nut June. Tree found on the plain (so-called, often very undulating rergny Nuits ce to appear on the bush when about 4-5 fee t high; often grows into a large tree ges: bearing nuts. Extensively used as an article of food. ‘They ar stewed or boiled and then eaten—very nourishing and fattening— also cooked in other ways. ter in which the nuts are boiled becomes sweetened, and sometimes Borate are fond of drinking it. Regular and plentiful rains sat certain seasons of the year in the locality where Yehab grows.” The concluding remark is interesting and important in connec- tion with the prospects of successful cultivation of Yeheb beyond the limits of Somaliland. A further note by Mr. Gi lligan as to the nature of the subsoil and the ee of temperature in the area in which the plant occurs is hoped fo Adelaide Botanic Gardens.—Fifty years ago last October the Botanic Gardens at Adelaide were thrown open to the public, and the occurrence of the jubilee of this event has been made the occasion of publishing an official ill d souvenir of the 142. ns. From this account the following brief history has been es 8 In 1854.a sum of £3,000 was voted by the Soverrean as a first instalment for the creation of a Botanic Garden, an a 1855 Mr. Francis was appointed Secretary of the Committee a Superintendent of the Garden. Further sums of money were voted in succeeding years, and a superintendent s house, ere house and conservatory were built. In 1859 the first catalogue 9 the Garden was issued, and in the following year, owing to t : growing importance of the Garden, Mr. Francis s title was alors : to Director and Secretary. Collections of native plants were ma about this time, and one of these, by Mr. Waterhouse, from Kangaroo Island, was of considerable value. ; ~ In 1865 Mr. Francis died and Dr. Schomburgk was pipes Director. In the following year an experimental garden and a series of Natural Order beds were laid out. . In 1868 the Victoria Regia house was erected. The plant be the first to be grown in Australia and appears to have flourishe remarkably well, for “ it produced in the course of six months no less than fifty-four leaves, the largest of which was 6 ft. 4 in. - diameter, and forty-one flowers nearly 13 in. in diameter. The growth of the plant was so vigorous that, notwithstanding the size of the tank in .which it grew, 36 ft. by 26 ft., it became necessary to cut away two or three leaves every week in order to make room for the young ones as they came.” In 1870 the second catalogue of the Garden showed upwards of 6,000 species. . . ; 19% ~ In 1874 an addition of 83 acres of land was made to the Garden for the purpose of being converted into a park and some 3,000 were planted ; and in the same year the Palm house was built. © In 1877 a new Museum was built, and the catalogue of the Garden issued in thi 8 year showed 8,500 species in cultivation. From 1877 to 1891 there igs In 1891 Dr. Schomburgk 0 nd, but was transferred in the following yea to Mount Lofty Ranges, .. The Garden has suffered considerably by numerous reductions in its grant, a total reduction of £1,150 per annum having been made between 1890 and 1902. But in 1905 this state of affairs was somewhat remédied by an increase of £400 on the grant for the Garden and Park, which was maintained in 1906 and has since been increased. Aaa ig | ae Sa e g brief history is taken ation, Agricultural School and ° , issued. by the Imperial on the Botanic Si 8, ”” 1906-07 Agriculture for the West Indies 143° “The Botanic Station was established subsequent to a tour’of the West Indies by Mr. (now Sir) Daniel Morris in 1886 in con: nexion with a scheme for establishing Botanic Stations in the smaller islands with the view of encouraging a diversified system of cultural industries, j [ae “In April, 1886, the people of St. Lucia addressed a memorial to the Secretary of State showing that since the settlement of the island the inhabitants had devoted themselves to the cultivation of sugar-cane almost exclusively; that causes had lately. come into operation which tended to reduce the price of sugar below its cost of production; that the people of St. Lucia were eager to take up other economic crops, the cultivation of whic offered reasonable prospect of profit; and that it was their firm conviction that other means of existence should be brought within reach of the people in order to lay the foundation of a more solid future prosperity. “In October, 1886, the late Mr. John Gray, of Jamaica [for- merly Head Gardener to the Right Honourable the Earl»of Brownlow], was appointed Curator to undertake the work of establishing a Botanic Station. This was begun in Febrnary; > h ° n a site to the north of the Protestant Church, finally selected after an inspection of several othe e Curator and an ry Committee appointed by the Administrator. The greater portion of the site selected was a swamp, across which it was almost impossible to pass from the Darling Road to the *Chausses,’ and which contained many years’ accumulations < refuse. Lying as it did to windward of the town, it constituted a serious menance to the public health of Castries. “Sir Daniel Morris, who had continued to take a deep interest in the foundation of a garden at Castries, visited and reported upon it in December, 1890. . in January, 1895. a “In July, 1895, Mr. J. C. Moore, then in the employ of the Royal Gardens, Kew, was appointed Curator of the station. The paratively small, contains an interesting collection of plants, and to the planting community by raising economic plants and dis- tributing them, with information as to their cultivation, 144 - “In 1899, Mr. G. S. Hudson was appointed to fill the post of Agricultural Instructor, whose duties were to supervise the nt) make periodical tours of the island for the purpose of encouraging and advising the planters and small proprietors on agricultural matters. “In June, 1901, Mr. E. Buckmire, formerly an apprentice at the Botanic Station, Grenada, was appointed foreman of the station. Later in the same year, the Curator was instructed to reside at, and take charge of, the Agricultural school which was opened in October, 1901, on the Union estate about four miles from the Botanic Station, and acquired by the Government r the purpose. Subsequently, owing to the scope of the the expansion of the work of the Imperial Department of Agri- culture in the island, his title was changed to that of Agricultural _ Superintendent. “Tn conclusion, it may be stated that the Botanic Station at Castries not only affords a place of pleasant resort for the inhab- itants of Castries and visitors to the island, but it forms a valuable educational agent in Showing how gardens and plants may be cultivated, and also serves as a centre for the distribution of large a start new industries. In addition, it has served to get rid of an unwholesome swamp that was prejudicial to the general health of the residents in the town of Castries.” | rts nteneaasness ; ltu m (vol. xiv. p. 537). It is possible that the treatment there described may be efficacious in the eradication of ‘fairy rings’ on lawns in e of interest to learn whether any RE eeepc eee ne ROYAL BOTANIC GARDENS, KEW. BULLETIN OF MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION, No. 4.] (1908. XXI—NOTES ON SOME TRANSVAAL TREES AND SHRUBS. JOSEPH BURTT-Davy. Since the publication of my preliminary account of the native trees of the Transvaal, in the Transvaal Agricultural Journal (Vol. V., No. 18, January, 1907), I have been able to compare K to the Director and to the members of the Kew staff for their courtesy and assistance in many ways, and especially for their valuable suggestions as to the possible relationship of specimens of which neither flowers nor fruit were available for identification. I have also been able to examine some of Warburg’s types of Ficus and named material of Rehmann’s collections at Zurich, through the kindness of Dr. Schinz, and have incorporated my Zurich notes with those from Kew. Where Zurich specimens are cited, the fact is noted, Through the courtesy of the gentlemen in charge, I was able also to examine some South African material in the herbaria of Boissier and of Delessert, at Geneva. Finally, when passing through Cape Town, on my return to South Africa, I spent. a day with Dr. Bolus verifying citations of Specimens in his herbarium, and making a few additional com~ parisons. I wish to take this opportunity of thanking him for the great assistance he has rendered me on this and other occasions. As it was necessary to make as many comparisons as possible in the very limited time at my disposal at Kew, it was not feasible to give much attention to the dissection of flowers. Where close critical work was required, as in the case of the Rubiaceae, Ebenaceae, and Celastraceae, t have had to content myself for the present with approximate determinations only, reserving closer study for a more favourable opportunity. As it is uncertain when 1375 Wt35 5/08 D&S 29 31756 146 inati i ; ritical families are that the determinations in the case of these cri but approximate, it is not likely that they will prove misleading. ili re followed, is that The nomenclature of families and genera here. of De Dalla Torre and Harms in the Genera Se Mle bated! To avoid confusion between their Sequence and that of Ben el and Hooker as followed in the Kew herbarium, I have c Twelve genera and seventy-nine species have been added ery original list, while thirteen Specific names have been di see ger being synonyms, or for other reasons. The corrected tota Pec present stand : 57 families, 144 genera, 335 species. Mh shies is known about them, a number of these species will alm aring my own material with that at Kew it has seemed desirable to place on record some of the COVEU REN E arrived at. But in many cases I have not had sufficient materia to furnish duplicates for Kew. Tt does not always follow ne fore, that when my own collections are cited, they are also represented in the Kew Herbarium, The spelling of place names and of Dutch words has ee copied from the original labels of the collections, and though no always correct, it has been thought best not to alter it here, for fear of misinterpreting a record, 1.—GYMNOSPERMAR. TAXACEAR. In the revision of the Taxaceae in Das Pflanzenreich, Pilger places the two forms of the common or Regie Geelhout, which we have been calling Podocarpus Thunbergii and var. falcata, in two © genus, ie, Hu-p thickened receptacle, and Stach : Own were right in cons} Species, and the names given by B 8, (Thunb.) R. Br.; (syn. erg forests (Patatabosch), berg forests, Lydenburg District, Legat. 147 : Podocarpus (Stachycarpus) falcatus, (Thunb.) R. Br.; (syn P. Thunbergii vay. oe (Thunb.) Sim. —Drakensberg Toresth, a bre District, Legat. II.— ANGIOSPERMAE. LILIACEAE, n ten feet high, occurs in the “bush” on Modian aoe Mt., he Zoutpansberg. Specimens suitable for identification fave not yet been procured. MUSACEAR. Musa ventricosa, Welwv.—The Wild Banana of the Transvaal has been identified from seeds sent by me to Kew, as Paes to vher midribs contrast beautifully with ake bright green foliage. It is remarkable that our only known species of Musa should be also indigenous to Angola, when there are two species of the Lower Zambesi basin (M. livingstoniana, Kirk, and M. Buc nhasone. Baker) which do we appear to extend so far south. An apparent relationship between our northern flora and that of Angola is noticeable in See families of soon This relationship appears to be closer than that between the floras of the Northern sarvages and Nyasaland, but this may be only apparent and due to the fact that so little is yet known about the latter ae pera Welwitsch’s extensive collections in Angola make us fairly familiar with the plants of that region. ANACARDIACEAE. Harpephyllum caffrum, Bernh.; “Kaffir plum.”—Barbert Reimer’s Creek, 3,000-3,555 ft., a large tree, common, Davy, 3199. My specimens ‘have neither flowers nor fruit, but the foliage exactly matches that of Natal specimens ; there is no Tra material at Kew, and Pra appears to be the first record ‘of its ocearrence in the Colo Protorhus longifolia, liad Engl.—My specimens from the Barberton District agree well with one so named, collected by Dr. Bolus near Delagoa Bay. In both the leaves nish een whereas in other specimens at Kew they are very 0 mur Ft Loving Engl.—Houtbosch, Rehmann, 5558 in herb. Tian us coriacea, Hng/li—A manuscript note by Mr. N. E. Brown on a Kew sheet of R. burkeana, Sond., indicates that FR. coriacea 31756 AZ 148 is synonymous ; comparison with the Berlin type is necessary to settle this point. Pretoria, Rehmann, 4745; Boschveld, Klippan, Rehmann, 5329, both in herb. Zurich. Rhus (discolor, H. Mey. ?).—Near Lydenburg Stadt, Dec. 1894, Wilms, 250 ; “Hoggeveld bei Bronkhorstspruit,” Rehmann, 6575, both in herb. Zurich. Rhus discolor var. ( paucinervis, Hngl.—Hoggeveld, Page's Hotel, Rehmann, 85 in herb. Zurich. Rhus divaricata var. 3 fulvescens, Eng!.—Hoggeveld, Trigards- fontein (Near Bethal), Rehmann, 6705 in herb. Zurich. Rhus glaucovirens, Engl. in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. v. 4, - 432.—A manuscript note by Mr. N. E. Brown on a Kew _ Sheet of R. Zeyheri, Sond., indicates that these are synonymous. Rhus laevigata, L.—Houtboschberg, borders of woods, Patata- bosch, Davy, 5180. Rhus lancea, Z.—Two distinct trees are passing under this name : (1) the common Karee-boom of our south-western districts, which I have distinguished as R. viminalis, Vahl.; and (2) a be called R. lancea ; until this point is cleared up it will be best to retain the names adopted in my published list, as follows :— R. lancea, Z.—The form with lanceolate leaflets and less drooping habit. Wonderboom farm, near Pretoria, alt. about 4,100 ft., Davy, 2281 ; Waterberg district ; Pruizen, near Potgieter, occasional at - of hills, Davy, 5200; Smits Drift Valley, vy. R. viminalis, Vahl.—The true Karee-boom, with drooping branchlets and willow-like, linear-lanceolate leaflets. Common, Vaal Kiver, « large timber-tree ; Boer name Crie-wood,” Nelson, 23; Blaauwherg, Zoutpansberg, “ utoto,” “Karee,” F. C. Menne; Wonderboom arm, near Pretoria, Davy, 2280; Warm Baths, Waterberg District, 3,600 ft. alt., Davy, 2211; Smits Drift Valley, near Haenerts urg, Davy. Most of the Kew material from the one, orange River Col +» Which i . lancea belongs to this form. ony, &¢., which is referred to R. lancea, APOCYNACEAE, , Sond, in Linnaea v. 23 p. erg Seatac 7 aes caffra southern slopes 1183 (type); Magali v“ to. 2 > ’ pe); Magaliesberg, “ Fls. Octo. and ov. Burke, 113; (“fruit obcord. with two pyr. or obliqu. e a Mena 1 pyr. (by abort.) ; sec, nerves np to 30 on each side”) - . on Att 3 sheet Crocodile River, November, Burke (young 1 uit) Gat Li ies river bank, Avoca, tree 40 ft., fils. Sept.—Oct. Congo:¥ 06 Bante I. Extends northward to Nyasaland and the 149 Rauwolfia er Sond.—Natal, common tree 33-40 ft. “ bark used as Cinchona” J. H. Bowker, in herb. Kew. The leaves of this specimen sothdithet resemble those of a small Anthocleista ; it is possible that the seas’ has been mistaken for the latter s used as Quin by the Zoutpansberg natives. x Houthosch berg Hick vane -bosch, alt. about 5,000 ft., Jab. 7, 1906, Davy, 5156 (T. D. A. herb, No. 1236). 152 4, lastrus Galpinii, Loesener in Bull. Herb. Boiss., v. p. eee ‘acta oa shrubs on hillsides in shaded raes7 Reimers Creek, alt. 3,000 ft., “shrub 10 ft., in flower Aug. 1887 Galpin, 448 (type i in herb, Kew >. Pterocelastrus, sp. nov. ?—Houtbosch, Rehmann, 6055. COMBRETACEAE. Combretum Kraussii, Hochst. —Barberton, Reimer’ 5 Creek hem akwongwa Forest, 3,000 ft. alt., tree 15 ft. or more, Feb. 1890, in fruit, Galpin, 796, in herb, Bolus EBENACEAE. ber- Diospyros Seah ey Hochst.—Crocodilepoort, near Bar ton, alt. 2,000 ft ree 20 ft., in flower Oct, 1891, a Pauling, ra herb, Galpin, 1351 Mathibis Kom inter Lourenco Marques e Komatie River Drift, Aug. 1886, arbor 40-1 50 pedals ” Boltts, 7847 ; Leydsdorp, Thabina, near Tzaneen and Komatie epoort, Davy. Common in the Eastern middle veld of the Zoutpansberg, between 2,000-2,500 ft. alt., a conspicuously large tree with dark foliage, usually occurring on ant-heaps in grey - goil. Fruit eaten y Kaffirs. Euclea divinorum, Hievn.—Crocodile River, near Louws Creek, 1,400 ft. alt., Sept. 1886, Bolus, 1311. Euclea Guerkei, Hiern.—Farm, Rustplaats, near Lydenburg, Noy. 1886, Wilms, 916 (type, in herb, Kew). Euclea lanceolata, H. Mey.—Magaliesberg, Nov., Burke, 319; Zeyher, 1123; near Middelburg, Dec. 1883, Wilms, 218; Pretoria, Aapjiespoort, Rehmann, 4210, 4216, 4914 ; Boschveld, inaars Farm , Rehmann, 4857 : Shilouvane, Sept. 1889 @), shrub b 12 m., " Junod, 641 A; Wonde rboom Farm, alt. abou 4,100 ft., Aug. 6, 1904, Davy Y, 2284, Euclea macrophylla, H, Mey (va ?).—Barberton, Kaap Valley, 2,000 ft. alt., March 1891, “ tree 15 ft. *, Galpin, 1329. Euclea natalensis, 4. DC. —Barberton, hillsides among rocks, 2,200 ft., shrub 4-6 ft. , fls. Aug, —Sept. 1889, Galpin, 484. Euclea sles Burch. —Houtbosch, Rehmann, 6053. dulata, Thunb. —Zoutpansberg, “on the redsand flats Euclea . the setter of Blaauwherg and Hangklip Mountains, south of the impopo River, Noy, 4, 1811 Sa James ?) or Jwarry-Bush, sweet well, tasted be rry,” T. Bai en ambigua, Vent.—Pr etoria, pn elas Rehmann, Royena cordata, K. Moy _ oi Kew, McLea’ ey.—There is no aa materi 8 Pretoria Specimen so cited by Hiern appears to be R. Wilmsii, stgad jud ) PP but dissections were n J ging by Wilms, 92 4 cited by Hiern ; 153 Royena Galpinii, Hiern.—Barberton, Soi plains and hillsides, 4,000 fls. creamy white, Oct.-Nov. 1889, Galpin, 603 (type in —_ Kew). Leaves densely Phat 7-timner EONS beneath, in aspect somewhat resembling Vangueria ot aaa except for the iitfguae in colouring of the pubescence Royena hirsuta, 1.—Watervall pts near Lydenburg, Sept. 1885. Wilms, 919 ; Rehmann, 4334, in herb. Kew; Pretoria, colles supra Aapies ag is so labelled by Hiern, on appears to be &. villosa, which s Royena lucida, L.—No Transvaal material at Kew. Royena nitens, Hiern.—Barberton, grassy plains, 2,800 ft., “ripe fruit, oblong, plum colour,” shrub 1h-2 2 ft. fls. Sept.—Oct., ah Galpin, 568; in monte Sheba » prope Barberton, ca. 3,900 £ Sept. 1886, Bolus, 7842 (fis. “ white ° a? Royena pallens, Thunb.—Pretoria, Aapjiespoort, Rehmann, 4090, 4091; “Transvaal,” Dr. Emil Holub, in herb. Kew (received May, 1883) ; Crocodile River, Nov., Bu rke; Johannes- burg, ridges above Jeppe’s Town, alt. about 6,000 ft., Sept. 1898, DF. Gi Ale, ex herb. Galpin, 6042; near large waterfall,. near Lydenburg, Cct. 1892, Wilms, 921; near Barberton, ban of Crocodile Rivas alt. 1,500 ft., shrub 24 ft., Sept. 1890, Galpin, 1094: ‘labelle d “ #. sericea, Burech.”) ; Shilouvane, plains, shrub 1-2 m., Sept. 1899, Tunod, 622; Vaal River at Bloemhof, Davy (“ Blaauwbosch”). ae Royena (sp. nov. ?).—My 5204 Piccrnsomh from Warmbaths, ‘Jan. 1906, appears to be nearer to R sambarensis, Gurke, than to anything else at goed) Fob the 1eaved of the Kew specim (Gurke, 2162a) are shorter and more Said acute, with Scatfer petioles and distinctly “bars shoots Royena villosa, Z.—No ‘Transvaal material at Kew (unless Rehmann, 4334 is this, “ Pretoria colles supra Aapies River’’) ; the leaves are more obtuse and broader than in R. hirsuta, but smaller than in ghee R. villosa. “Tn collibus prope Pretoria,’ alt 1100 4 ft, § Sept., /. herb. Bolus, 3103, in a Flora Capensis Hiern —— this SPs as so ed the Kew him in other cases. This is the species of the Houtboschberg forests ‘Seco to us as R. lucida, the “ Zwaart-bast”’ of the Cape. EUPHORBIACEAE. Anti tides esma venosum, “. Mey.—Avoca near Barberton, Galpin, 1249, “shrub 10-15 ft. ” ; this is . form with very obtuse leaves, and the Kew sheet is ” marked a = Monteiro, Angola speci- mens’’; Lydenburg District, dim Spitzkop and Komatie River, Wilms, 206. Bridelia ap miay st Pail — Rehbokdraai, sees Nelspruit and Spitzkop, 3,30u ft. alt., Davy, 3205; Zoutpa , streamlet 154 berry,” flowing from Pisangkop, “a fine tree, one seed in each Nelson, 36 ; Shilouvane, Colline, tree 3-6 m., Junod, 682. bbe is the “MD? Tserrie’ of the Zoutpansberg, ‘celebrated a i pees termile-resistant wood. There are, : also, at 5 “ie Specimens from Natal, Inanda, “a small tree”; Lagos, re medicinal, called ‘Tya,” H. Millen, 104 ; Gold. Coast, a + about 50 ft.” : Sierra Leone, “common in forest, aaa the ” ea wood, made by boiling, is used for open sores,” G. 0 of Elliot, 1891-92. Specimens referred to B, Zenkeri, Pee, appear to resemble it closely. Bridelia stipularis, Bliwme.—Macaliesberg, May, Burke Fes pansberg, Streyd-poort, Rehmann, 5393. In the field, an z not in flower or fruit, this may perhaps be overlooke Vangueri ia Asides or Combretum Zeyheri, on account of the form of its leave Croton aictaed Burch. SSMavalicsberg, Zeyher, we Rhenosterpoort, Nylstroom River, Nelson, 93; Babiaan’s baa Nov., Burke ; apna, whats Baths, between i burg. and Woodbush Village, Davy. One Magalies a: specimen has leaves less veo more gprene and ob a than in the type, but this character is not constant. There a : also the following specimens at Kew :-— Natal, Gerrard, 1460, er Kuruman “in lapidis alt. 1,200 m., Feb. 1886” ; Marloth, ec the name C. microbotryus, Pax. Euphorbia erage Volkens.—Smits Drift owed be Kati, burg, 4,000 ft. n. 1906. Called “ Mokaw Ka i * Melk-boom ” ag a Dutch. The milky juice . fiscotihe a “skellum,” 7.¢,, injurious. Excoecaria africana, Mull. A) rg.—My specimens from Louw’s Gsck, Barberton, and Zul uland, so named at rberg. There is is at Kew material of what seems to be an 155 Fae, | dela bu I.—No Transvaal material at Kew. Hout- berg, one of the most abundant trees in the lower forest ch 350-5, 000 ft. alt.), called “um-Pata” and “Spekhout,” Davy, n. 6 1 06. Probably gives its name to the forest now known ‘if ‘the Pata(ta)bosch, near Haenertsburg. Kiggelaria dregeana, T'uscz.—No Transvaal material at Kew. Oncoba spinosa, Yorsk.—No Transvaal material at Kew. “ Tong- wan Spelonken,” Nov. 16, 1906. Called “'Tongwan.” The Zulus make snuff- boxes of the seed pods, while the Bavenda string them to ankle bands used at dancing. “Tree grows in the form of and about the size of an orange tree.” F’. 7’. Menne, 3044, in T. D. A, herb. ., gre a n.) Warb; (syn. Phoberos Ecklonii, Arn.) —-Hou h, Transy aal, Rehmann, 6464. Leaves sparingly and ececlacly erose aautass, coriaceous, margins revolute. Scolopia Zeyheri, (Avn.) Warb.—No Transvaal material at Kew. Trimeria grandifolia (Hochst.) Warb.; (syn. JT. alnifolia, Planch.)—Forbes Reef Bush, Swaziland, at ai of bush, Jan. 1, 1905, Davy, 2737. No Transvaal mater ial at Kew Trimeria trinervia, Harv.—No Transvaal ae at Kew. Xymalos ow (Harv.) Baill. in Bull. Soc. Linn. Paris. iF ta an Ds . Xylosma monospora, Harv., vide Ic. a ""Myroxylon monospora, Forst. ; Toxicodendron acutifolium, Benth., in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bo t. xvii. 214, type in herb. Kew). The lemonwood or Borie. —Houtboschberg, “shrub,” Nelson, 428. Range: Transvaal, Natal, Kaffraria, Amatola Mis., Orange River Colony, Victoria Kast, Ruwenzori’ Uganda (Kalungi woods). Placed in the family Monimiaceae at Kew. One of the most abundant trees in the mist-belt forests ; the spew titi considered poor in quality is seldom cut by woodm HAMAMELIDACEAE. Trichocladus crinitus, Pes.—No Transvaal material at Kew. Trichocladus grandiflorus, Oliver, in Ic. ae a —Barberton, wooded ravines, ee, alt. 3,500-4,000 ft., tree ft., fs. white, handsome, Sept. to Oct., 1839, Golbin, 558 5 a Africa (“ Berg Plateau my, C. Mudd (type in herb. ants Transvaal, Mrs. Royston, ex herb. Medley W wie Sabie hoek Forest, Davy, 5206; Graskop, near Pllgan 8 Rest, upper edge of berg, Davy, 5207. Seems to occur — frequently on the borders of the forests ; flowers ornamental ; a small tree worthy of cnliseendionis Called “ Underbush” or “ Onderboschi. oe Apodytes dimidiata, “. Mey. White — Barberton, Bearded Man Mt., tree 15 ft., alt. 4, 200 fi. rete 7390 (fs.), Gel 903; Pilgrim’s Rest, Van der ae rwe Bush, Davy, 5208 (alt. 5750 ft.), Natal “local name, Bird’s Eye; tree, fruit Ley t eh black projections,” Nelson, nh, “ very showy.’ 156 LAURACEAE. Cryptocarya (Siebertiana, Hngl. ?).—A common tree of the mist- belt forests, which I have not yet been able to collect either in ower or fruit, is evidently a Cryptocarya. It does not mate any South African material at Kew, but the foliage is very like that of Buchwald, 167 and 492 from Usambara, labelled C. Siebertiana, Engl., at Kew. Until flowers and fruits of our tree have been compared with the type at Berlin, it will be best to retain this asa tentative name. I have collected it as follows :— Patatabosch, near stream, 4,750 ft. alt., Jan. 5, 1906, Davy, 5094 and 5096, approach closely to Buchwald’s specimens; Hout- boschberg forests, 4,000-5,500 ft. alt., June 11, 1905, Davy, 5209 ; Lydenburg District Van der Merwe bush, 5,400-5,750 ft. alt., 210, LEGUMINOSAE. Acacia arabica var. Kraussiana, Benth.—Macaliesberg, Burke, 270 ; Wonderboom farm, near Pretoria, Davy ; Potgieter, Leyds- Acacia ataxacantha, DC.—Borders of forests, Haenertsburg, A ugrim’s:: Rest “te. My specimens agree well with tropical African material ; there are no other Transvaal specimens at Kew, rr this appears to be the first record of its occurrence in South rica, Acacia Burkei, Benth. « Aapjies-doorn ” (No. 126, species “ E ke of my list).—Macaliesberg, Burke, 126 ; “tree fls. Oct. and Dec. ; 64 me , - high ; wood not hard, but tenacious, used by natives for hoe handles, &c.”, Meller, 9, in herb. Kew. Acacia caffra, Willd—Makapansberg, Streydpoort, Rehmann, 5516 ; Pretoria, Wonderboompoort, Rehmann, 4603 ; Houtbosch, Rehmann, 6272 ; Barberton, hillsides, Queen’s River Valley, alt. 2,800 ft., Sept. to Oct., 1889, “tree 15 ¥ ” Galpin, 546 ; all in herb. Zurich ; Arcadia, Pretoria, Davy, in herb. Kew. There are also at Kew Specimens from N atal ; land ; Clanwilliam ; Kalahari ; Hereroland; N’Gamiland (Kwebe, t. high, fls. white, bark of branches white, abundant species on kopjies and talus slo s in the western middle veld; often flowering when aiibrel yt bush, sometimes specimens ee a: It is uncertain whether all the oo ng is speci A na Late been treated as one, Species, as it and 4. eriadenia have ;: “apap _ Species of Acacia, is ; ng on the river banks of the eastern cohen, ho treet 8,000 ant 2.500. fe ete ene River, na and Tzaneen, called “ White Thorn,’ 157 June 15, 1906, Davy, 5211 (T. D. A. herb., 2636); banks of the Middle Letaba River, between Kelly’s store and Frazer's parce we trees with trunks up to 1} and 2 ft. betes Davy, 5212 (T. D herb., 2547). Acacia ee gt sen Harms. Peg ge Snare 11718, in herb. Zurich. Probably extends into the low veld of the Pag Sec Apparently near to A. Bur eis Bolus, 7755, “ Croco- e River Drift inter Komatie River Drift et Bar berton, Aug., 1886, ” should be ponte ores with this Acacia detinens, Burch.— edn to be tres hohe n in distribution. Pniel, Vaal River, W. Roe, in herb. Bol , 2070. he only Transvaal specimens I have seen grote were ons the Vaal River, between Christiana and Fourteen Streams, and these only bore a few old legumes; without better material their identity is uncertain. There are specimens so named in herb. Zurich, from Amboland, Gross Namaland, and Hereroland, but none from the Transvaal. A. Fleckii, Schinz, of the “ Kalahari,” appears to be very near to A. detinens but more slender; it is possible that our specimens belong to it, but I had none at Zurich for comparison. ats. name applies very appropriately to our bush, whatever it may Acacia eriadenia, Benth—Resembles pubescent forms of A. caffra, and at Zu rich the two ait been treated as one. Crocodile River, Nov., Burke & Zeyhe (types) Houtbosch, Rehmann, 6273, 6274; Woodbush village, in dry, open, serub country, ey resembling A. caffra, but spike larger and more dense; Sesutu me ‘ Molouva,’ Jan. 4, ae ” Davy, 5133 (T. D. A. herb., 1213); near Lydenburg, ca 447 ; Leydsdorp, Davy ; farm “Wolverand 383,” betw Kle rks sdorp a and Wolmaransstad, Feb. 10, 1904, Davy, 1534 Hogatly called “* Wacht-’n-bietje ’’). Acacia erioloba, H. Mey. = A. Giraffae, Burch. Acacia ferox, Benth. ‘ Hoek-doorn.’’— Aapjies River and Macaliesberg, Sept. (in fruit), Burke (type); ‘ Transvaal,” A; P. meat 5; paces Koobie and Shaw’ 8 Valley, Bechuana- land, Bai Acacia pstoeped -Benth.—Boschveld between Eland’s River and Klippan, Rehmann, 5028. No. 125 of my list (near Barberton, 1,000 ft. alt.) Salone here, and also Nos. 124 from the Zoutpans- berg District, and 130 from the Springbok Flats re aegis This is the second of the two species common on vlei lands o Springbok Flats, Waterberg District (Davy, 4073, May 18, 1905). When in fruit it is readily distinguished from A. spirocarpoides by the falcate, not twisted pod, and the less flattened crown ; it is known as the “ Rooi-doorn” or “ Rooi-bast,” and the wood is considered more durable than that of A. spirocarpoides, which is said to be used only for fuel. Acacia Giraffae, Burch. ‘“Kameel-doorn.”"—Common in the Savannah country of the Waterberg and south-western districts ; also common in a Gross Namaland, and Hereroland. No Transvaal specimens at Kew t 158 Acacia glandulifera, Schinz—British Central Africa, Kwebe Hills, near Lake Ngami, N’Gamiland, 3,000 ft. alt., Mfrs. Ek. J. Lugard,-14, 16, who notes that it is a bush 6 ft. high ; the capitate, yellow flowers were collected Aug. 16, 1897, the fruit Sept. 27, and the leaves Feb. 8, 1898. I-have collected it at Potgieter in the Waterberg district (about 4,000 ft.), Leydsdorp in the Zoutpansberg district (2,000 ft.), and near Bremersdorp in Swaziland (2,700 ft.). hough it is thus widely distributed it does not appear to be common with us. I have only found it in bush form, from 4 to 6 ft. high. _Acacia hebeclada, DC.—Vaal River, May, Burke, 522; Aapjies River, Zeyher, 569; extending to Lake River, N’Gamiland, ugard, in herb. Kew; Griqualand West; Gross Namaland ; Hereroland and “ Kunene-Zambesi Expedition ” (herb. Zurich), Acacia (heteracantha, Benth »),—The type specimen 0 A. heteracantha is barren and very incomplete, but Burchell’s label describes it as a “tree of 20 ft., legume like that of A capensis” (iv., A horrida, Willd.). I have seen no Transvaal material which can be referred here with certainty. the most common and widely distributed of our Acacias, the only incomplete specimen. This and my own specimens from the dry western and south-western districts agree well with those from Cape Colony, being equally glabrous. The form met with in moist soils at the foot of kopjies, or near fonteins and streams, around Pretoria and on the high veld, is pubescent on the younger parts, which character appears to be constant; in no other respect does it seem to differ from the typical form. As a geographical variety I think it is well to give it a distinctive appellation and therefore propose to call it var. transvaalensis, Davy, var. nov. The young bark is orange-brown, but becomes almost black in age ; it is remarkably tough, and is . k $ h it, cantha ; some shoots are spineless, others bear spines three to four inches long, and of an ivory whiteness. The flowers are borne in es, are deep yell henad thie vernacular name, P yellow and powerfully fragrant, hen Acacia lasiopetala, Oliver (?).—I have collected what may prove to be this species at the White River Settlement, Barberton District, Davy, 5213, and Thabina Zoutpansberg, Davy, 5214. It agrees with Buchanan, 32 of 1881, “large tree, fls. white, Shiré Zambesia” ; also with his 32 of 1891 and shining. The bark being pale yellow, 159 Acacia amboensis, Schinz and A. Stuhlmanni, Taub., resemble A. lasiopetala and A. Rehmanniana in the yellow colour of the hairs, but A. Stuhimanni is patently hirsute and the legumes are densely appressed hirsute Acacia natalitia, £. Mi. —Komatie River, Davy (No. 138,. species “M” of my list). Nearly related to A. horrida, but apparently a valid species, distinguished by the much narrower leaflets and characteristically pale rag ee as compared with the dark-brown, almost black, bark of A. horrida. “In fruticet. pr. Mailieus Kep. 2,300 ft., 17/11/94 se Schlechter, 4818, in herb. Zurich. Acacia pallens, Rolfe (A. nigrescens var. pallens, Benth). The type specimens both of A. nigrescens and of var. pallens are from Zambesia, and in each case they are very incomplete. Additional material from the Transvaal enables Rolfe to separate the latter as a game Sees to which all our material so a collected, appears to belo ave incomplete winter specimens from opsi, Retinansiand. which may belong to A. nighialee but it is impossible to say definitely until foliage has been collected from the same locality. This is one of our most important timber trees, ass is largely cut for mine props under the name of ‘ Knop- jies- -doo ““um-Kai.” The prickles persist for many years on ices a ‘Sank and branches, effectually —s the tree, though to what advantage is not evident. The type of ‘ var. pallens” is from “opposite Pita, near Senna,” Zambesia, April, ner Kirk, 201, “a sete 30 ft., very hard, heavy wood used or clubs. Acacia Rehmanniana, Schinz (No. 129, species “H” of my list). —The type is Rehmann, 9917, from Streudpoort, Makapansberg ; my specimens from Marabas tad near Pietersburg, were collected only a few miles from the same locality ; I have also gathered it along the Sand River, beyond Pietersburg. The bark is dark, hard, distinctly and coarsely striate — gece The hu lowere specimen referred to in my list appears ong here the one River aid is probably mathetiine ne ra i A. liticeaies Acacia robusta, Burch.—Macaliesberg, Burke, 321. Bushveld between Elands River and Kli ee » ftehmann, Wed § without arm, Pretoria, Davy; Meintj op, pare ; Crocodile River Drift, near Barberton, — Often sient aff by the fungus Aecidiwm inorna The leaves are ectdt , Kalchbr. also Bieiay nt to the leaf-spot ae pane phyllodii, Cooke and M indebted to my colleague Mr. Pole Evans for the ieeetiiatoh of these parasites. Acacia sambesiaca, Schinz—The Zurich type reminds ee a 5 dwarf shrubby species common in heavy “ black turf” the Springbok Flats, Waterberg District, 4096-4097, Sat ‘thes were no specimens for comparison. Acacia rn Ws lone Davy in list, not of Hochst. = A. ee carpoides, Ki 160 Acacia spirocarpoides, Hngl. (No. 127, species ‘F.’ of my list).— Boschveld inter Klands River and Klippan, Rehmann, 5022, 5026, in herb. Zurich. This appears to be the common species of the Springbok Flats, Waterberg District (3,500 ft, alt.) with umbrella- like crown and much-twisted pods; Marico District, Rustenburg ot commo : tree with similar habit occurs at Louw’s Creek, near Barberton (about 1,100 ft. alt.), Davy; Crocodile River drift, between Komatie River and Barberton, Bolus, 7754. The north African A. spirocarpa, Hochst., to which I tentatively referred our tree, does not appear to occur so far south. e tree reported by Marloth from the Kalahari under the name A. tortilis, is probably A. spirocarpoides; it is doubtful whether the North African A. tortilis reaches South Africa. are no T 410a, in herb. Zurich. Acacia uncinata, Engl.—Boschveld, inter Elands River, and Klippan, Rehmann, 5024, in herb. Zurich. Related to A. robusta, pods smaller, peduncles long. Also in Hereroland. I collected a specimen at Bulawayo, S. Rhodesia, which may belong here. Acacia (verugera, Schweinf. ?) Davy, in list = A. wanthophloea. Acacia xanthophloea, Benth. in Trans. Linn. Soc. Bot. xxx. (1875) 511 (not included in the Flora of Tropical Africa). The Fever-tree” of the Transvaal low veld. The type locality is : e Senna specimens agree well with ours; they are described as from a “large tree yellow bark, yields gum, soft wood.” It also occurs in Northern yielding gum,” Lidcott; Chiloane, 8. E. Africa, Scott Elliot ; Ruwenzori, “the common Acacia, Kidung valley and Vaivasha, 6,000 ft. alt.; tree 40 ft.,” Scott Elliot. I have also seen wha appears to be the same tree in the “« Death Valley,” near Wankie, 8. Rhodesia, and it has been re . Matopos, ported from swampy ground at the feeling sufficient to warn the tr i ing i i BORER : aveller against sleeping in their vicinity. In 1903 there were a few fine trees daGh the Komatie 161 effort to clear the bush and make the village more sanitary. A few may still be seen from the railway, between Komatiepoort and Kaapmuiden Acacia Davyi, N. H. Brown; affinis A. Gerrardi, Benth., sed glabra, spinis mn Hee pinnis 8-L0-jugis, foliolis minoribus et legumine recto differ Arbor glabra vel pedicellis minute puberulis. Aculei nulli. Stipulae seanensepns rectae, 4-22 mm. longae. Folia bipinnata, 7-16 cm. longa, iolo i i i glandulifero ; pinnae Sr aid 2-5 em. longae ; foliola 20-36- jugae, 2-6 mm. longa, 0°6-0°75 m ee eacin: obtusa, Pedunculi auxillares, fasciculati, involucello deciduo ad medios instructi. Flores globoso-capitati, lutei. Calyx shiyinte ciliaris, petalis paulo brevior. Legumen 6-10 cm. longum, 6-7 mm lat tum, rectum planum, glabrum, valvis tenuiter subcoriaceis, (No. 128, species “G@” of list.) Transvaal ; near Woodbush mete Rehmann, 6276, 5132 ; Zoutpansberg, Junod in T. D. A. 1323 ; Swaziland, near Bremersdorp, alt. 2,700 ft. Davy, 3024, th solitary tree with deep yellow flowers resembling those of A. horrida, but entirely without fragrance, Jan. 4, ee bark light-brown and papery, Davy, 5132 (T. D. A. herb. 11). This species is nearest to A. natalitia, but differs in wien points Bauhinia reticulata, DC.—My ste ecm Se ae match well with tropical African material. It is mon a got b or small tree near Tzaneen and Thabina at 2, 000 rm 2,500 tt. alt Cassia abbreviata, Oliv. “‘ Mulumanyama.”—Spelonken, Zout- pansberg, F. 7. Menne in T. D. A. herb. 3046. There are also at Kew the following specimens :—Zambesia “a tree sometimes 40 ft. high, a mass of yellow; has a long seed pod; ‘ M’roovay,’” C. H. F, Allen, 35; Shiré Highlands, Buchanan; Tette, Kirk; Bec dsniiands athe Nyasaland, Coetzee, 84; Rovuma River; ; Usambara (Steppenbosch). Cassia delagoensis, Harv. —Barberton, 2,800 ft., “shrub 3 to 6 ft., fis. orange yellow,” Galpin, 878 ; Cave Mts., Rhenosterpoort, Groot Spelonken, Nelson, 415; oa Nelspruit, Davi Ye Cemsescer capassa, Rolfe (in Oates “Matabeleland” ed. 2, p. 397).—The type was collected by Oates in Matabeleland. Our Itacorvadl specimens (Barberton, Galpin; Modjajies Mt., Zout- pansberg, Davy, 5215) appear to agree with typical material, but either the species is very variable, or there is a good dea of some- thing else mixed with it at Kew. The pr atbe ei gece tte are vr labelled :—Huilla, Angola; Shire Highlan e Ngami (“ tree - to ma ft. high—trunk 6 or 7 ft. in cir seal tenense™ with pink flower Grows on the Tamulekan River, McCabe) ; Zambesi (“ staal tree”); Victoria Falls, “ Moogorrowa,” straight growing, pyramidal shape, on the banks of the river, Allen, 47. The flowers are variously vie scribed by collectors as pink, mauve, purple, or with light blue claw and light orange limb! 31756 B 162 J ies *L,” list).—Farm i sperata, Linn. (No. 132, species “L” of my 2) Foe 383°” eee Klerksdorp and Wolmaranstad, Feb. 10, 1904, Davy, 1535. Rehmann, 5523. common and characteristic tree or shrub ae the Eastern middle veld of the Zoutpansberg. LOGANIACEAE. Buddleia auriculata, Benth., var. euryifolia, Geir Galpin, 970, Thorncroft, Davy ; Lydenburg, “in verla Kaffern kraalen,” June, 1883, Wilms, 1030. Buddleia Lindleyana, For. Lydenburg, Wilms, 1028. Buddleia salviaefolia, Lam.—Macaliesberg, Sept., Burke, 376 ; 4, J. M err : 7 M Creek, Chilianthus dysophyllus Benth.—Barberton, Reimer’s Cre 3,200-4,000 ft., “ cliinbing shrub 0-12 ft.,” July, 1890, Galpin, 971. Chilianthus oleaceus, Burch. (syn. C. arboreus, Benth.).— Houtbosch, Rehmann, 6009. Nuxia congesta, R. Br.—Barberton, Galpin ; Woodbush, cote 1905, A. K. Eastwood, 5, “brittle wood” (becoming glabrescen in age); near Pretoria, Noy. 19, 1901, J. W. O. Kirk ; Pretoria, 1875, J. A. MeLea 3 Pretoria, Kuduspoort, Rehmann s.n. Var. (syn. N, pubescens, Sond.}.—Barberton, Thorncroft, 129 ; near Mac-a-Mac, 1874, J. A. MeLea ; Macaliesberg, June, Zeyher, 1326 ex parte (type), Burke, 259, Var. (syn. WN. tomentosa, Sond. in Linnaea, v. 23, p. em Macaliesberg, June, Zeyher, 1326 ex parte (type) ; Kuduspoort, toria, Rehmann. Var, brevifolia, Sond. a es 83.—Macaliesberg, June, Zeyher, 1327. (type) = Sp. nov. Foie eataia, HBr —Shilonvans, ahrab & fo 9 ft., “M’Betane” and “ Mosetane,” (7. unod, 1430 ; omatiepoort, 100 ft., Schlechter, 11738. (The Kew Sheets bear the legend = “ N. oppositifolia, Benth., and N. Schlecteri, Gilg.””) Nuxia floribunda Benth. My specimens match well with typical N. floribunda 3 there ig no Dehavhat material at Kew. _ MELIACEAR, The African Species of this family are badly in need of revision. 163 Ekebergia capensis, Sparrm.—tit is doubtful whether. we have this species in the Tra woh My M’babane tree (2909) appears to belong to the next specie Ekebergia Meyeri, Presi. “ ieee ”—Swaziland, hill-slope on road from M’babane to Mile’s hot springs, oe 1905, Davy, 2909. Also at Barberton, Delagoa Bay and in Nata Pseudocedrela caudata, Sprague; ab congeneribus foliolis caudatis differt. Arbor circiter 9 m. alta, ramis patulis versus apices pendulis, cortice cinereo, innovationibus tantum ferr da feretisen oe Cicatrices foliorum depresso-cordiformes, cicatricibus fase tribus notatae. Folia 4-6-juga, 15-20 em. longa, petiolo pabasdeints 4-5 em. longo incluso, petiolulis piteralis 0°8-2°5 cm. longis gracillimis ; foliola ovata, basi inaequalia, acutissime caudato- re —)°> cm. longa, 1-2-2°5 em. lata, chartacea, atidhigné superne manifestius reticulata, subtus nervo medio puberula ceterum glabra, nervis eee utrinque cire. 10. Capsula subcylindrica, 14-19 em. longa, utrinque, leviter angustata, medio 3-4 em. diametro ; valvae medio circiter m crassae, intus nitidulae, arg extra bea nneae, dense lenti- cellosae praesertim superne ; columna sulphurea, acutiangnlata haud vel vix ultra semina a aes a tebe Sem ae date 2-6, 7:°5-10°5 cm. Take ala 1°8-2°2 cm. lata atic . corpore circiter 1-7 cm. lato. _Cotytodone oblique eitiptese ae 2°2 em. longae, 1:1-1-4 cm. lat Transvaal, 5 es Zoutpansber, 3,900 ft., Baily in T. D. A. herb., 2926. Native name “ Muchus Trichilia (capitata, Klotzsch. ?).—Our specimens do not match e Kew material of this or any other species, the serration and pubescence of the leaflets being quite distinct; it cannot be identified until flowering and fruiting material is obtained. ie Trichilia dregeana, H. Mey., said to be the “Thunder-tree” of N atal. There is no Transvaal material at Kew _ Trichilia emetica, Vahl.; “Red Bist Maawa.”—A handsome evergreen shade tree, well worth on kavanond in frostless, warm-temperate regions; the seeds have a large, bright-red aril, and yield an oil highly valued ty the Zoutpansberg natives. It is often noticeable that the ends of the lim lopped off, said to have been done by the natives Mery a ie the fruit. Barberton, Oct. 1905, P. Oranje ; Barberto 2,000 ft., “tree 30 ft. growing on river banks, » ‘Sept. 1890, Galpin, 1060. The following notes on extra -Transvaal sheets at Kew are worth record :—Delagoa Day, Sept. 1876, “ fine tree—most common, lowers very abundantly—sweet scented”, J. J. Monteiro, 39; Shiré River, “a handsome tree. The seeds yield an oil and tallow of value and can be obtained in quantity. Itis exported from Inhambane” Dr. J. Kirk, 76; Lupata, banks of Zambesi, Dec. 1858, * Motsakin,’ yields oil. The native name ‘ Mafura means fat and is applied to many different oil seeds, The oil of this species, under the name of Mafura is said to be shipped 31756 B2 164 from Inhambane. It is used by natives in cooking. The tree common from the coast to Victoria Falls, along the Zambesi, also on Lake Nyasa and the Rovuma.” Dr. J. Kirk. Trichilia pterophylla, D.C. (1894), (syn. 7. alata, N. E. Br. in Kew Bull., 1896, p. 160).—Barberton, eastern slopes of Saddleback Mt. 4,500 ft., Dec. 1890, “a tree 25 ft.”, Galpin, 1226. Woods, Upper Moodies, Barberton 4,400 ft., Oct. 1890, “a tree 20 ft.”, Galpin, 1083 ; Sabie-hoek forest, Jan. 27, 1906, Davy, 5217. Turraea sp. Tzaneen, Zoutpansberg, about 2,500 ft. alt. Aug. 1909, J, B. Pole Evans (T. D. A. herb. 3982), specimen incomplete. - MORACEAE. Ficus capensis, Thwnb.—I have not seen Thunberg’s type, but the Kew specimens from the type region (coast districts of Cape Colony and Natal) have much narrower leaves than our Transvaal Specimens. The latter have been called by Warburg F’. capensis var. transvadlensis, on sheets in the Zurich herbarium, but this name does not appear to have been published, and until we know what the type is like it is not certain that it is tenable. As at oo’mo ” of the Modjajies, ception of the species. Ficus caffra, Miq.—Macaliesberg, Nov., a “tree”, Burke (type) 3 Zeyher, 1548; in the Kew herbarium the labels of Zeyher's a Zoutpansberg, Sept. 5, 1905, “ Edordse”, D. H. Hutchins, 17 (with v chggitie ts are tess eal o : distinct) ; Rae eae fruits, 6 lines diameter ; perhap ” 165 and Houtbosch. According to Warburg, typical F. caffra is confined to the Transvaal, but there are named varieties in Cape Colony, Natal, and Zambesia. Var. longipes, Warb.—See note under F. cordata, below. Ficus cordata, Thwnb.—The Pretoria ‘ Wonderboom” was at one time identified for me at Kew as this species, and I have since entirely, a coast region species. Warburg, in hi South African species of Ficus (“Die Sudafrikanischen Arten d. Gatt. Ficus” in Beitr.z. Kennt, d. Afrik. Fl. xviii, in Witt. a.d. Bot. Mus. d. Univ. Zurich, xxvi, published in Vierteljahrschrift d. Naturf. Gessel. in Zurich, Jahr. 51, Heft. 1, 1906) does not cite any Transvaal material in his account of this species, and restricts the range of distribution to Cape Colony, Bechuanaland an Hereroland ; it is possible that the Bechuanaland and Hereroland trees may prove to be distinct. Rehmann, 4435c (in herb. Zurich) from the Wonderboompoort, Pretoria, appears to me to be only an exceptionally narrow-leaved shoot of the “ Wonderboom” tree, with pedicellate receptacles. appear to bear more than a mere resemblance to it. No other appears to come anywhere near to F. salicifolia, and it seems unlikely that that species should extend its range into South Africa; in any case more material is needed before this point can be decided. Rehmann, 4435 (in herb. Zurich) from the Wonderboompoort Pretoria, appears to me to be much the same as the “ Wonderboom,” but I had no specimens of the latter with me at Zurich for comparison. From the numbering and general resemblance it seems quite probable that the two specimens 4435 and 4435c came from the same tree. arburg has, however, taken them to represent distinct species, and has called 4435 F. caffra var. ongipes, Warb. Warburg seems to have been misled by the presence or absence of peduncles to the receptacles. He has used this character in his key to separate species otherwise closely related, but it is by no means constant ; some of my Wonderboom specimens have both sessile and pedunculate receptacles on the same branchlet. Several specimens at Kew seem to connect the “ Wonderboom ” with Ficus caffra. Among these is one of Atherstone’s, which bears the legend “ Wonderboom near Pretoria, diam. 24 ft.— hollowed out by fire, formerly 50 feet high.” Atherstone’s Transvaal collections were made between Dec, 1873 and Jan. 1874, 166 The receptacles on herbarium material of typical F. — re larger and less depressed-globose than those on our any ms “Wonderboom,” but I have not seen fruiting material of both, collected at the same season, with which to make a fr mer parison. The “ Wonderboom” forms a tree, whereas 1 do n receptacles, 1 hope to be able to do this next November, aan eing the month of the year when Burke and Zeyher collec “ F. caffra,and when the receptacles of the ** Wonderboom” shou be in the same stage of development Hutchins, 12, “Evergreen fig, um-Kiwan,” from the Zoutpans- berg, appears to be another form of the “ Wonderboom. Ficus damarensis, Engl. in Bot. Jahrb. x. (1886), p. 5.—This “ h f N. Africa, and needs carefu comparison with tropical African forms now referr ic ne species. The type of F. damarensis is Marloth, 1267 inne fontein ‘U 1 i which he notes “ad 15 alta + Of which cortice albo, frutibus esculentus,” @ : 2056, from Southern Angola, Species “D” No. 179 of my a appears to be this, but Ihave not seen Engler’s type.. It is one 0 our finest species of Ficus, and is a common tree in the sub- tropical Transvaal east of the b cs vy, 3488) and Tzaneen. It is readily known by ue and much buttressed trunk. The frui is large and “ edible,” though usually so full of insects as to be d’s 1632 from “ Natal” appears to belong . here. Specimens from Kivie Camp. Blaauwberg, Zoutpansberg F eaves much more coriaceous than those Barberton, but in all cases under my observation they become unusually brittle in drying. Fieus Dinteri, Warb.—Hereroland (type). My 5218 from the Zoutpansberg appears to belong here, M6 Ge Warb-—Natal, Oakfort, Umhloti river, rete rs arburg tentati j ann’ 31 an 4437: strom ‘the oak foo sie assigns Rehmann’s “ tt to this species, but admits . uncertainty as the Specimens are sterile, It is possible that they belong to F. Burkei, typical material of-which does not appear to- 167 have been re-collected since Burke’s day. I am not yet quite clear as to the specific points of ERE cbebween F. Burkei, F. Gal- pind, F. Durbanii, and F. Schin Ficus Galpinii, Ward.—Barberton, 10,000 ft., “tree 15-20 ft. high,” June to July 1889, Galpin, 397 (type) ; between Spitzkop a me some e River, Lydenburg District, Aug. 1884, Wilms, 1345, e War Ficus natalensis, Hochst.—No Transvaal specimens at Kew or Zurich appear to belong here. Warburg notes that Rehmann’s 6493 from the Hontbosch may be this, but as it is a sterile specimen he is uncertain of its identity, It seems more likely that it is one of the three species ¥. Burkei, F. Schinziana, or fF, Galpinti, rather than F. natalensis, which appears to be more coastal in its range, extending southwards ony Cape Colony, but apparently not known to occur in the interio Ficus Schinziana, Warb.—Houtbosch, Bitte 6491 (type). Warburg notes that this is related to F. natalensis and F. Dintert. This may be No. 175 of my list, which is common in the Hout- pare forests, often saprophytic on other trees, which it finally smo Ficus soldanella, Wurb. (No. 177, species “B” of my list).— Macaliesberg, Jan., Burke, 273 ; Zeyher, 1549 ; Kuduspoort, Pre- toria, Rehmann, 4684 (type). Zeyher, 1549 is included by Miquel in his F, abutili folium, cf which ours may perhaps be only a geographical variety. Ficus Sonderi, Miy. (1867) (Sycamorus hirsuta, Sonder in Linnaea, xxiii. 185), 137; not Ficus oe “1 Vell., nor of ok., nor of R FP, Rehn manni, Warb. I.c. o. 178, species “C” of my list). giro boa type is Gueinzius, Nee from “ Port Natal,” mile Warburg’s type is Rehmann, 6486, from the Hout- bosch, be oe aal. Warburg has completely overlooked Miquel’s ps because the Index Kewensis inte f gives the distribution "of this species as “ Malaya’ xamination of Kew material would have cleared up this ene thier doubtful points about the South African species. The following belong here ee yh Houtbosch, Rehmann, 6486 ; Zoutpansberg, D. H. Hutchins, 15; Roode epoort, Warm Baths, atest 12300 ; ‘Natal : Gerrard, 1577 ; Intschanga, Rehmann, 900; Inanda, J. M. Wo od, 1361 ; Bechuanaland, Baines. Ihave ge cated it at Barberton and Nyl valifolia (Warb.), Davy, nom. nov. 0. Rehmanni var. ovalifolia, Warb.).—Natal, Camperdown, Rehmann, 7711 oe Var. villosa (Warb.) Davy, nom. nov. (#. Rehm ek vec villosa, Warb.).—S. Rhodesia, Marloth (type) ; Fiinavent, pebwes White River and Nelspruit, among rocks, Jan. 25th, 1906, plone, 5219; Bechuanaland, um-Zingwani Valley and Pelicost si (Makalaka) granite kopjies, “ tree 20 ft. high, milky juice” — sp. nov. (No. 176, species “A” of ay i) i Nelapehi avy. This appears to_be undescribed, and is near to a species collected by Dr. Kirk at Champenga, Zam 168 tree near the house,” but in the latter the leaves are athe I have not compared it with Warburg’s illustrations of the Cong species. . at rt Ficus “sp. F.” (No. 181 of my list). — My Koomatiepoor specimen vias not ain for comparison, but it may match poke i 1631 from Natal or Zululand, which agrees with specimens aEee “near Merambella,’ Zambesia, Kirk, and “ Island oe per? below M’bewe, bark smooth, whitish, . . . 15 to 20 ft.”, up ey which have been referred tentatively to F. antithetophylla, Steud. (F. capraefolia, Delile.) MYRTACEAE. } ransferred The anomalous genus Heteropyxis has now been trans from Lythraceae to Myrtaceae (see Bull. Herb. Boiss. v. 4, p. 439). Heteropyxis canescens, Oliv. in Ic. Pl. v. 25, t. 2407, wie ey i syn. H. transvaalensis, Schinz in Bull. Herb. Boiss. ie Poo . June 1896).—Barberton, Reimer’s Creek, 3,000-4,000 ft. Sept. A small, slender- it very "conspicuous among the other trees and shrubs ab which it grows. Foliage drooping, leaves emitting a strong, camphor-like odour when crushed Heteropyxis natalensis, Harv.—Mountains, Dorum ag eh Mis., “shrub,” Nelson, 406 ; Barberton, Reimer’s Creek, 2, ” Junod, 1090 ; Botsabelo, Miq., Middelburg District, in saxos PP 1,630 m., Schlechter, 4098 ; Warm Baths, Davy. Also in Nyas land and Natal. OLACACEAE. Ximenia caffra var. natalensis, Sond.—Barberton, lower noe 2,000-2,800 ft, fl. Nov. 1889, shrubs 8-10 ft., fruit scarlet, edible, Kaffir name « Matindeluka,” Galpin, 736. Barberton, Kaap River Valley, 2,000-2,800 ft., shrub 8 ft., fruit plum-colour, edible, Galpin, 1105, Sept. 1890. Natal: Kaffir name “um-Tundu- luka,” J. WM. Wood, in herb. Kew. OLEACEAE. Olea foveolata, 2. Mey.—Transvaal, Masetane River, near Shilouvane, Zoutpansberg, shrub 2-3 m., Junod, 1266. Also fc Natal, the Transkei, &. Leaves broader than in typica O. laurifotia, at ee attitolia, Lam. Black Ironwood.—No Transvaal material Olea (MacKenii, a) ?).—Houtboschberg. Aug. 3ist, 1905: Le? 5 eran g. t ‘ j A. P. Grenfell (T.D.A. herb, 1026) ; wsétasiad indo plete: 169 Olea verrucosa, Link.—Macaliesberg, Burke s.n. Streydpoort, Makansberg, Rehmann, 5395 ; Houtbosch, Rehmann, 6476; Pre- toria, Aapjiespoort, Rehmann, 4052 (rusty tomentose beneath), Also in Natal, Griqualand West, Graaf Reinet, Kaffraria, Somerset Paarl, Albany, Queenstown, Uitenhage, and Devil’s Mt., Cape Town. On a label on a Cape Colony specimen (Dr. Thom, 751 is noted, “snuff made of the leaves employed to cure bleeding at the nose.” Olea Woodiana, Knobi., in Bot. Jahrb. xvii. (1893) 532.—A Natal species, not taken up in the Flora Capensis and of which I have seen neither specimens nor description. There is at Kew a very large- leaved species from the Boschberg, Somerset Division, Cape Colony (Burchell, 3221), also found in the George and Knysna Divisions, which reminds me of a common tree of the Houtbosch- berg forests. We need flowering specimens for determination, Schrebera argyrotricha, Gilg.in Engl. Bot. Jahrb. xxx. (1900) : d oe enburg, “ beim grossen Wasserfall ”, Feb, 1893, Wilms, Schrebera Saundersiae, Harv. (syn. S. latialata, Gilg. in Engl. Bot. Jahrb. xxx. 1900, p. 73.)—Houtbosch, Rehmann, 5950, so named but may possibly be S. argyrotricha; better material is needed. S. alata, Welw., of Angola, appears to be quite different, though united with S. Sawndersiae, by some writers. OLINIACEAE. Olinia cymosa, 7’2uwnb.—No Transvaal material at Kew. Olinia micrantha, Decaisne.—Macaliesberg, June, Burke, 494, fide K. Gilg. 1902; Graskop, near Pilgrim’s Rest, upper edge of berg 4,750 ft. alt., Davy, 5220 ; Barberton, Upper Moodies, 4,500 ft., tree 30 ft., fis. pink, fruit pink (fls., Jan. 1891), Galpin, 1275; Eland- spruit Berg, 5,500 ft., Dec. 12, 1893 (fls.), Schlechter, 3864 ex herb. Bolus ; Barberton, tree growing among rocks on hills 3,300 ft. alt., Thorneroft, 31 ; fis. “ pink”, 8, Africa, Zeyher, 308. Olinia ternata, Gilg.—Pretoria, Groenkloof, 4,500 ft. alt., Davy, 3207 (not typical). PITTOSPORACEAE, Pittosporum Krugeri, Engl. in Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin, U. 26, Dec. 1897.—Lydenburg, “ kloof bei Steph. Schoeman’s Farm”, Oct. 1887, Wilms, 213. Also in Natal. Pittosporum viridiflorum, Sims.—Slang-kraal, near Crocodile River, Nov., Burke s.n.; Houtbosch, Rehmann, 6513; Pretoria, colles supra Aapjies River, Rehmann, 4357. PROTEACEAE. Protea abyssinica, Willd—I had not time to make any study of the Proteas at Kew, but Dr. Bolus notes that South African speci- mens at Kew are marked by Prof. Oliver as“ probably P. abyssinica, and that Engler has assigned our common Transvaal Sugarbus 170 to that species. Rustenburg, common on slopes, forming a grove, May 24, 1903, flowers not plentiful, fragrant, visited by many ants, Davy, 144; Rustenburg, Aug. 1903, tree 12-15 ft. high, in groves together, Miss A. Pegler, 941 in herb. Bolus. -RHAMNACEAE, Rhamnus Zeyheri, Sond.—The only Kew specimen is the type from the Magaliesberg. RUBIACEAE, The South African material of this family is badly in need of thorough revision, the following names should therefore be taken under reservation, 1891, Ga ‘ (“ N’Hiomu”’) 3028; Spelonken, Nov. 16, 1906, Ceylon’s noe “ Mutulumi,” F, 7. Menne ; Angola, Mossamedes, Welwitsch, 3028. Adina microcephala, Hiern.—The Transvaal material at Kew, so named, is now referred to A. Galpini, Oliv. Burchellia capensis, R. Br.—Transvaal, J. H. McLea, ex herb. Bolus, 5656; Barberton, summit of Saddleback Mt. 4,500-5,000 ft.; 1890, red, Galpin, 977 ; Swaziland, open kopjies among rocks, M’ba sea level up to 2,500 ft., D. Sutherland ephalanthus natalensis, Oliv. See Iz. Pl. t. 1331—Lyden- burg, Waterval river, Nov. 1885 Lydenburg, Dr. W. and to be edible—alt. 3,000-4,500 ft Galpin, 334; Houtboschberg, 4,250-5,000 ft, border of forests, pe ed “ Matawda,” Davy. Called “ Quinine fruit” on a labe at Kew. Gardenia cornuta, Hemsi. in Hovk. Ic. Pl, t. 2809.—Painting in herb. Kew, from Mrs, K. Saunders, marked “from Le Bombo flowered at Eshowe, Dec, 1900,” and named as above. Gardenia Neuberia, HV. & 4.—According to a note by Mr. N. E. Brown on a Kew Sheet, this is eee ous with G. Gerrardi- Harv. No Transvaal material at Kew. Gardenia Rothmannie, Z. J/—Pretoria, Kuduspoort, Rehmann, 4668 ; Barberton, a tall tree at 4,000 ft. 16/1303 (fis.), flowers white, Legge, 6 in herb, T, D, A.—agrees with Natal specimens at 171 Kew ; Botsabelo, Middleburg District, Transvaal, in saxos 1,600 m. 20) 12/1893, Schlechter, 4080 ; Houtboschberg forests, Davy (called “ Kalabash,” from the size and shape of the fruits), Gardenia Saundersiae, N. HZ. Br—* Type raised at Tongaat, Natal, from seeds collected in the Lebombo Mts., Lourenzo Marquez, by Mr. Chas. Saunders” (in herb. Kew). Gardenia Thunbergia, L. {—No Transvaal material at Kew. Grumilea capensis, Sond.—No Transvaal material at Kew. Bar- berton, a small tree, alt, 2,500 ft., fis. yellow, 16/12/03, Legge, 10, in T. D. A. herb. Oxyanthus Gerrardi, Sond.—Houtbosch, Helene 6013 ; Swazi- land, Hoto concession, in woods, alt. 4,000 ft., tree 20 ft. , fis, white, Dee. 1890, Galpin, 1262 in herb. “pot Coroader aaars resembling those of O. natalensis, Sond.) ; Lydenburg (?), herb. T. D. A. ; Barberton, Legat, 24494 (Aug. 1904), Honthosehberg, common in dense shady forest, called “ Wild Coffee,” Davy. Oxyanthus (latifolius, Sond. ?).—Sabie-hoek forest, Lydenburg District, alt. about 4,100 ft., Jan. 27, 1906, Davy, 521. Fis. and fruit needed ; may perhaps. prove to be 0. natalensis, Sond. Pavetta caffra var. pubescens, Sond.—Houtbosch, Rehmann, 16. Pavetta Cooperi, Harv. & Sond—bBarberton, scape : Creek, alt. 4,500-4,800 ft., shrub 10 ft., fis. white, scentless c. 1890, Galpin, 1201; Pretoria, Aapjiespoort, Rehmann, 4140 (doubstatty the same) marked “ = Nelson, i ” on sheet in herb. Pavetta disarticulata, Gaipin.—Barberton, “hill sides among toe stunted tree 4 to 6 ft., cymes and leaves on — short stems ringing from gnarled old- -looking mir hes ’ Aug., fruit H/L888, Galpin, 406; Swaziland nea Miles Ho oe Springs, alt. 2,000 ft., Jan. 1905 tls se Davy, 2902 ; -Gibalant, Medley Wood, 39544 in herb. Kew Pavetta lanceolata, H. 4 Z—Lydenburg, near the town of Lydenburg, Oct. 1893, Wilms, 600. Pavetta seroma K. Schum.—Komatiepoort, Dec. 15, 1897, Schlechter, 11760. Pavetta Schumanniana, F’. Hoffm.—Streydpoort, Makansberg, Rehmann, 5459. Leaves oblanceolate, stocey densely grey- tomentose ; Kew sheet marked “ =Welwitsch 3190!” which number is assigned by Hiern to this species ; Welwitsch collected it “in wooded thickets between Lopollo and Monino, Huilla, A a etta Zeyheri Sond—Vaal River, May, Burke & Zeyher, 7168" Pia District, “shrub,” Nelson , 83; Pretoria, Aapies- poort, Rehmann, 4136, 4139 ; Pretoria, in collibus aridis age fe Pretoria alt, ca. 4,500 ft., fi, Dec. 1905, H, Bolus, 11932. - 172 Pavetta sp.—Pretoria, Aapiespoort, Rehmann, 4140, 4141; Houtbosch, Rehmann, 6021; Dwars River, Groot Spelonken, Nelson, 411. Plectronia Gilfillani, V. H. Br. (ined).—Johannesburg, Jeppes- town Ridge, 6,000 ft., Sept. 1889, fruit Dec. 1898, shrub 3-4 ft. high, Galpin, 6010 (leaves small, densely grey-tomentose, re- - fis creamy white,” Sept. 1889, Galpin, 519; Houtbosch, Reh- he 6471 ; Houtboschberg, Nelson, 432, “in jungle, shrub Plectronia mundtiana, Pappe (syn. Canthium mundtianum, Ch. & Schl.).—Pretoria, Rehmann, 4715; Macaliesberg, Dec., Burke, s.n.; Houtboschberg forests, Davy: The Willows, Pretoria, Nov. 12, 1904, Davy, 2529. Plectronia pauciflora, Klotzsch—No Transvaal material at Kew. Called “ Witte Pear” in Cape Colony, Cooper, 1165. Plectronia (ventosa, Hochst. ?).—Houtboschberg forests, Zout- pansberg, alt. about 4,000-5,000 ft., A. K. Eastwood. (recd, Apr. 30, 1906. .T. D, A. Herb. 2434). Agrees fairly well with Burchell, 7281, so named at Kew ; Houtbosch, Rehmann, 6011. Plectronia sp. nov. — Warm Baths, Jan. 1906, Davy, 5222; Rustenburg District (“ Woodstock ”), tree, 5-8 ft., masses small cream fis., Nov. 1903, Miss Alice Pegler, 2002, ex herb. Bolus. “Fils. very strong and objectionable scent.” (Miss K. Smith.) Tricalysia sp. (= Banburya capensis, Meissn.) ~ Barberton, summit Saddleback Range, fis, white, fruit scarlet, shrub, 8 ft., B. cap #5, intermediate form, perhaps lanceolata (2). Houtbosch, on sia is bw _ as Galpin, 1017, The Galpin plant resembles Baron, 967, belle Diplocrater sp. ”, 967, from Central Madagascar, labe Tricalysia sp. (= Kraussia lanceolata, Sond., and Carpothalis Psi ce E. Mey.).—Hontboschberg, Helpmakaar forest, 5,000 ft.» cas Legat and A. K, Eastwood, Jan, 8, 1906. “ Tol-baali”’, : —o Jan. 5, 1906, Davy. “ Bark smooth, light brown, re “iy corky, flaking off in chips; flowers small, solitary, Trycalysia sp. (= Kraussia ae paveitoides, Hary.),—Drakensberg, | Sabie-hoek forest, 4,100 ft., Jan, 27, 1906, he oes inay be 173 this; it resembles a specimen from Inanda, Natal. Placed in Webera at Kew. It should also be compared with 7. glabra, Hiern, Vangueria edulis, Vahl.—In fructicetis prope Potgieters Rust, alt, ca, 3,600 ft., Feb. 1904, Bolus, 11016. “This is an extra tropical outlier,” Vangueria euonymoides, Schweinf. Delagoa Bay, closely re- sembles Kraussia lanceolata. Vangueria infausta, Burch.—Near Lydenburg, Dr. Atherstone, Dec. 1873.—Jan. 1874; Kalahari, Burchell (Klipfontein), frutex 5-10 pedalis; Delagoa Bay, Forbes; Natal, Bashee River, Fort Bowker, “ on the skirtings of forests and kloofs.” “ Fruit ripens in Autumn ; an excellent fruit tree—the fruit of this tree surpasses that of the English medlar,” 1. H. Bowker ; Macalisberg, Nov., Burke, 250; in collibus circa Pretoria, J. H. McLea. Vangueria latifolia, Sond—All Transvaal material at Kew appears to be referred to V. infausta. Vangueria longipes, Conrath MS. (type Conrath, 343).—Jeppes- town Ridge, Johannesburg, about 6,000 ft., Dec. 1898, D. F’. Gilfillan, ex herb. Galpin, 6118. Vangueria parvifolia, Sund.—Crocodile River, Nov., Burke (lvs. small densely pubescent) type; Macaliesberg, fis. Nov., Burke; Johannesburg, ridges above Jeppestown alt. 6,000 ft., Oct. 1898, fris. Dec., D. F. Gilfillan, ex herb. Galpin, 6012; Pretoria, Aapies- poort, Rehmann, 4142 ; colles supra Aapies River, Rehmann, 4246. Vangueria venosa, Sond.—Barberton, grassy fields, 2,800-3,000 ft,, shrublet 12-24 inches high, Oct. 1890, Galpin, 1109, SANTALACEAE, have not yet collected it in fruit and am therefore unable to say with certainty that we have Colpoon compressum with us. Both are said to be used for tanning ; the leaves of Colpoon compressum are at times exported in considerable quantity from Cape Colony, under the name of “ Berg-bast ” or “Cape Sumach. ere are the following specimens at Kew :—Camps Bay, Burchell, 342, 368; Simons Bay, Grey, Wright; Table Mountain, near Cape Town, MacOwan, in Herb. Norm. Aust. Afr. 574, Drege. ; near Grahamstown, MacOwan, 43; Natal, near Murchisons, Wood, 3004; Eastern Districts, Cooper, 50 (called “ Bark Bosch,” used for tanning leather) ; Uitenhage, Ecklon & Zeyher, 311 ; Mossel Bay 174 B , Toutecialke River, Riversdale Div., Haba ve 6629; near Lowrys Pass, Stellenbosch Div., Burchell, 8284 Osyris abyssinica, Hochst.—Pretoria, Aapiespoort, Rehmann, Dans Shilouvane, Junod, 523; Pretoria, and near Rustenberg, I ; Abyssinia, ‘ealled Keraj *, teste Schimper in herb. Kew 3 Somatitand, Gabadir Plain, “a tanning plant,” called “ Watta ( Si wayne, ex herb. Kew; Yemen, called “Sandel Kegje”, chweinfurth. — S< > svn leaf of ours is much more like that of FF. Rodlkofen Schweinf. but smaller, it may be P, Schumanniana, Schinz (in Verh. Bot, Ver. Brand. xxx. 1888, 156), of which I Have not seen named — I have collected our species at Hast Fort and Wonderboompoor near Pretoria, and in the Bushveld of the Waterberg District near Warm Baths ot Potgieter, but it is by no means a yee Species with u Rehmann collected it at Streydpoort in the Makapansberg, (No, 60) and at the Aapiespoort near Pretoria (400 Lo 7). obengula’ 8 : Judgment Tree” near Bulawayo may be this species, SAPOTACEAE. Si ideroxylon inerme, L.—Pretoria, hills 4, 200 ft. alt., shrub oo 10 ft. hi ae Melon, in herb. Bolus, 5698. Also east of t Drakensb: SIMARUBACEAR. Kirkia Wilmsii, Engl. in Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Ber lin, v. 2, p Poe. Dec. 1897 Pye Warm Baths, alt. 3,700 ft., Jan. 190 Davy, 5224; Barbe on, dry hillsides 2,800 to 3,000 ft. alt., tree 10 to 15 ft., Nov. 1889, Galpin, 691 in herb. Bolus. UMBELLIFERAR. Heteromorpha arborescens, Oh, Sih] .—There are no Transvaal specimens of typical H. arborescens at Kew, and ours may be an undescribed species ; it appears to be distinct Heteromorpha glauca, 7 Wingh--Lvdenburs, Wilms, 563; Rens- burg’s farm near Pretoria, Wilms, 563b (the afeta, very narrow). Peucedan um (fraxinifo olium, Hiern, ? .—Barberton, tree 10 ft. high, 9 in, diameter, Galpin, 637 ; ile the Somaliland form, 80 named at Kew URTICACEAR, Pouzolszia hypoleuea, Woedd.—Appoars to be a ver ble y varia Species. Magaliesberg, near es Sabdckons Davy, 2646 ; 175 Komatiepoort 1,000 ft., ‘Schlechter, 11758. Also in. Nyasaland, and there very vari riable. Dr. Holub’s 1351, 1352 and 1353 from the Makalaka country seem rather different trom ours. and Doornkloof, 624, near the junction of the Pienaars and Crocodile Rivers, W. R. Lanham te T. D. A, herb.). HERBACEOUS PLANTS AND SUB-SHRUBS. Alysicarpus oS ae megar DC.—Pigg’s Peak, Swaziland, May, 1906, Dr. Penny, in T. D. A. herb, 2388, supposed to have been used in a case of canes poisoning, but there is no note on any of the numerous specimens at Kew that it is poisonous. The flowers are described as “blue” on a specimen from Nupe, Niger, collected by Barter, who notes that it is “a pest in some onltivnee soils.” Collectors often note that it grows in or near cultivated ground or villages. Apparently an exceedingly variable species as regards habit ‘and leaf outline. Nidorella hottentotica, DC.—-Prope Pretoria in campis, 4,000 ft., Sept. 1875, J. H. McLea, ex herb. Bolus, 3115 ; ; Blaauwbank, Nelson, s.n., Aug. ee seen Meintjes Kop, Davy, 6; a common and untidy wee Nidorella resedaefolia, DC.—Becoming increasingly abundant as a weed in cultivated ground, near Christiana 4,100 ft., Davy, 1611; near ME less 3,900 ft, Davy, 2111 ; Willow Park, Zeerust, Davy, 9 Phyllanthus ot Sond.—Aapjies River, Zeyher, 1508 (type) ; Burke, Oct Phyllanthus glaucophyllus, Sond.—Macaliesberg, Nov., Burke; Zeyher, 1509 (type). sr BR wah nh Be Sond,—Macaliesberg and Aapjies River, Oct., Zeyher (t Phyllanthus epekitéd Muell.—Vaal River fields, Nelson, s.n. Phyllanthus Niruri, L.—Barberton, hillsides 3,000 ft., Sept. 1889, Galpin, 566; “Transvaal,” Sanderson ; Bush veld, Klippan, Rehmann, 5337, XXII—PLANT IMPORTATION INTO JAMAICA. From the Proclamation issued by the Governor of Jamai which is printed below, it will be seen that the prohibition against the importation of plants, seeds, &c., into Jamaica from the Old World has now been withdraw n, but the im ported plants and seeds must be fumigated in scone with the. published | instructions, 176 The following papers on this subject have been received through the Colonial Office :— COLONIAL OFFICE to ROYAL BOTANIC GARDENS, KEW. Downing Street, 3rd January, 1908. TR, WITH reference to the letter from this Department of the 20th February, 1888, I am directed by the Earl of Elgin to transmit to you for your information the enclosed copy of a despatch from the Governor of Jamaica on the subject of the importation into the Colony of plants, seeds, &c., from certain portions of the British Empire, lam, etce., (Signed) ©. P, LUCAS. The Director of the Royal Gardens, Kew. The GOVERNOR of JAMAICA to COLONIAL OFFICE. King’s House, Jamaica, 1lth December, 1907. My Lorp WITH reference to Sir H. W. Norman’s despatch No. 445, of the wh, and Mr, he had consulted the Owners of the moat important of the Blue 8 and that they agreed that there would be no danger now to our coffee of infection with Hemileia vastatriz. T have, ete., (Signed) Sypnry OLIVIER, r. The Right Honourable tdene 5 e Earl of Elgin, K.G., etc., ete, 177 (ENCLOSURE.) (Signed) SYDNEY OLIVIER. By His Excellency Sir Sydney Olivier, Bachelor of Arts, Knight Commander of the Most Distinguished Order of (1.8.) Saint Michael and Saint George, Captain-General and Governor-in-Chief in and over the Island of Jamaica and its Dependencies. A PROCLAMATION. WHEREAS it is enacted by the First Section of Law 4 of 1884,— “The Seeds and Plants Importation Law, 1884”—that it shall be lawful for the Governor to revoke or vary any Proclamation made y him under that section ; AND WHEREAS General Sir Henry Wylie Norman, G.C.B., G.C.M.G., C.1.E., Captain General and Governor-in-Chief in and over the Island of Jamaica and its Dependencies, by Proclamation made on the 2nd day of December, 1887, prohibited until further Proclamation the importation into this Island of seeds or plants or any description of earth or soil or any article packed therewith that may have come either directly or indirectly from any of the following countries, viz. : Natal, South India, Ceylon, Mauritius, Java and Fiji. in instructions published in the Jamaica Gazette of the 9th January, 1902. Given under my hand and the Broad Seal of this Island at Head Quarters House, Kingston, on the eleventh day of eon in the seventh year of His Majesty’s reign Annoque Domini 190/, By Command, Signed H. CLARENCE BOURNE, Santi Colonial Secretary. (EXTRACT from the Jamaica Gazette, January 9, 1902.) Instructions for the Guidance of Officers of ar spicier boratory and Kingston Customs in gee — eet shall which imported Plants, Cuttings, &e., and their co be dealt with, . : 31756 178 i ants i her Immediately on the landing of any plants, cuttings or ot articles, eoocifiad in the Governor’s Proclamation of the ee tember, 1901, published in the Government Notice No. 278, : 2 : 10th of that month, in the Jamaica Gazette, they shall be tes re charge of by the Customs Officer, who will give the Whar ree or other party concerned, a receipt therefor, showing the time and date of delivery. The Customs Officer shall at once notify the pea biatenf Chemist, in writing, of the articles to be fumigated stating a approximate dimensions thereof and obtain his instructions as to the time at, and place to, which they are to be forwarded for n. 7 fumigatio The Customs Officer will then forward the articles accordingly in charge of a Customs Escort, who will remain in attend , during the process of fumigation and afford, or provide such assistance and labour as the Government Chemist or his officer in charge may require. Immediately on receipt of the Articles’ the Government Chemist (or his Assistant) shall cause them to be fumigated in the manner and under the conditions prescribed by the Governor in Privy Council. So soon as this has been done, and a memorandum showing the time of receipt and delivery furnished to the Customs Escort, the Articles shall be taken charge of by the Escort and conveyed to the King’s Warehouse or other place, as arranged by the Landing Waiter. : _ The greatest care must be taken by the Officer in charge of the King’s Warehouse to keep plants, cuttings, &c., alive and in good condition, All expenses of removing the articles to the Government ’ Laboratory, ny ex penses necessarily incurr brought to account as King’s Customs Regulations on the subject. Plants, cuttings, &¢., should not be forwarded to the King’s Warehouse in ca Officers of Customs and of cise striet economy in arrangi and other expenses, so that ¢ small as possible, the Laboratory are required to exer- ng for the transport of the plants, &c., he charge to the Importers may be as 179 XXIII.—DECADES KEWENSES PLANTARUM NOVARUM IN HERBARIO HORTI REGII CONSERVATARUM. DECAS XLIX. v5 481. Sterculia Saale gre Henryi, Hemsi. [Sterculiaceae — Sterculieae]; S. coccineac, Roxb., proxima, a qua differt floribus pas dae vere faeeainsis et peduneulis pedicellisque minus pie bus Frutex 3- bectaa? novellis ferrugineo-puberulis. Rami florigeri teretes. Folia ad ramorum apices conferta, petiolata, papyracea, yi tts vel Matidactatss oblonga, acfiié petiolo 15-25 em. — 4-6 cm. lata, basi rotundata, apice acuminata, integra, glabra venae subtus ina pes primariae utrinque circiter 15, curvatae, paullo intra marginem. anastomosantes ; petioli teretes, 25-5 em. longi. Flores aniseztiaies vel polygami, rubescentes, racemosi ; racemi numerosi, in foliorum gto vel interdum ad apices ramorum defoliatorum in axillis bractearum conferti, 5-15 em. longi. ferrugineo-pilosuli, pilis stellatis ge! ciles,su berecti; bracteae lineari-lanceolatae, pedicellos s aequanies, acutae e, cito deciduae ; : pedicelli 0°5-1 em. longi. Calycis segmenta fere oe basin libera, ogi baal sions. anguste lanceolata, 1°75-2 em. longa, infra ium Peek oid mm. lata. Stamina 10; columna glabra, cir- ta 4mm. longa, recurva. Pistillum hirsutum, cum columna dates 6- 7 mm. longum ; éles hirsutus, recurvus : antherae cassae, Ovario arcte appressae. Fructus ignotus. CHInA. Yunnan; mountain forests 8.E. of Mengtze at about 1,500 m., A. cel 11016 jg. 482. Sterculia S oepen bi a scandens, Hemsi. [Sterculiaceae- Siecontinaety species ex affinitate S. nobilis, R. Br. et S.Balanghas, Linn., sed ab utra aie foliis majoribus venis primariis lateralibus numerosioribus, floribus majoribus et calycis tubo brevi differt. Frutex scandens, praeter inflorescentiam glaber vel cito gla- brescens, ramis florigeris rectis crassis glabrescentibus sulcatis. Folia si implicia, papyracea, petiolata, oblonga vel lanceolata, avstod petiolo 15-40 em. longa, 12-15 em. lata, interdum nonnul superiora 5-10 cm. tantum longa, basi rotundata, acuminata, integra ; costa crassa, utrinque, praecipue subtus s, elevata ; venae primariae conspicnae, in foliis majoribus utrinque, 7-20, cur- vatae, juxta m marginem inter se conjunctae ; ater teretes, basi apiceque leviter incrassati, usque ad 12 cm. longi, sed saepius breviores. Flores masculi rosei, pilosi, pilis stellatis, _circiter 2 cm. oo in foliorum superiorum axillis paniculati; pani- culae angustae, graciles, erectae, 10-20 cm. longae, bracteis perend menta e bash lata cadit pean 2-2°5 cm. cee ne. gedinn: Sima, arcuata, apice cohaerentia. Stamina 10; columna brevis, inca en antheris deorsum spectantibus, Flores feminet aren 31756 a" ar t/ 180 TONKING. Laokai, Z. H. Wilson, 2796; A. Henry, 13643, col- lected by Mr. Wilson. 483, Huonymus Set Sprague [Celastraceae ] ; _ affinis E. swhsessili, Sprague, a quo ramulis tuberculatis, petiolis longioribus, ructibus majoribus Linc laanieuta recedit. Frutex glaber, ramis gracilibus pendulis (teste Balansa), ramulis gracilibus quadrangularibus dense minute mpere Folia lanceolata, basi cuneata, apice acute acuminata, 5-1 ty) a n foliis junioribus manifestis in vetustis inconspicuis subtus scent tae petioli mm. longi. Gemmae ovoideae, circiter ) mm, longae, purpureo-brunneae, perulis ciliolatis. Dichasium quater furcatum, pedunculo sub fructu circiter 1:3 cm. longo. Flore es ignoti. Capsula brunnea, circiter 1°7 ¢ aaperese gir: cra q LONKIN. On calcareous rocks at Dong-Dang, Balansa, 1451. uonymus ge Spragve [Celastraceae]; affinis #. actinocarpo, Loes., a quo petiolis subtriplo longi orb foliis majoribus laxius serrata pro rata =a recedit mm. dia m. ciliolatus. Petala suborbicularia, 2 Pigs ra 3 mm, diametro. Discus ae score diametro. Filamenta se ilensiadt au bulate, 0-4-0: ant. 0-4-0: herae 5 mm. longae, circiter 0°38 mm. latae, iia miberiiceteoee Ovarium eK ies are, obtuse tetra- ] gonum, promin ulum, minute Locman styli brevissimi “obtusis- simi apice vix ultra 05> mm. a mm. longi. ieee in arillo omnino inclusa, circiter 1 cm, longa (nuda 8 mm. longa). WESTERN CHINA. Mt. O ? sag — Wilson, 3330 mi, Wilson, 4788 ; without precise 9. Boea lanata, Basis [Cyrt andraceae]; inter species mela- — hucusque cognitas foliis pe ti : aac lanatis et cymig maltifioris dict petiolatis densissime seric erba perennis, subscaposa, vix Sst ret ta, Folia pauca, conferta, petiolata, crassa, late ovata, absque petiolo 4-8 cm. longa, obtusa, 181 basi rotundata vel subcordata, obscurissime denticulata, utrinque densissime appres so-lanata, mollissima, supra argentea » subtus fulva, venis origin lateralibus se oa oh subtus sat conspicuis ;_petioli , fulvo-lanati, 2-3°5 cm. longi. lores arvi, in cymas den gh so: Genpdid selene Bk 15 cm. diametro dispositi. Jnflorescentia omnino pane hirsata. Bracteae a. quam flores breviones Calyx dense albo-pilosus ; seg- enta lanceolata, 6-7 mm. longa, wal erecta, Corolla sub- bilabiata, circiter 1 cm. lenge: Stamina 2; filamenta brevia, carnosa, dolabriformia ; antherae magnae, arcte conniventes. Ovarium pubescens. Capsula linearis, matura ignota SOLOMON ISLANDS. Florida, growing on rocks, C. M. Woodford. y0At 486, Mh haenge (Paniculata) Griffthii, Prain _[Labiata Satureineae] ; species distincta foliis eis P. setae onth simillimis sed floribus potius P. Heyneano, Benth., affini Herba erecta, ramosa, ‘5-1 m. alta. Caules ramique graciles, obscure 4-goni, appresse puberuli vel pubescentes. Folia ramisque opposita, decussata, membranacea, ovato = vel oblongo-lanceolata, apice acuminata, basi cuneata, margine basi integro excepto serrata, utrinque sed praesertim subtu us — nervos parce subappresse pubescentia, 10 cm. longa, 2°5-3 ¢ . lata; petioli 1 cm. longi, appresse puberuli. Verticillastri ‘ ‘spicis simplicibus 2~-6 cm ongis 8 mm. latis caules ramosque terminantibus ageregati, inferiores internodiis 5 mm. longis remoti, es approximati. Calyx anguste campanulatus, 4 mm. longus, extra parce pubescens, lobis 5 anguste triangulis age wage tubo duplo brevioribus. Corolla carnea, 7 mm. longa lobo antico ceteris parum majore, glabra. Filamenta dabaiaeaiaenta. pox bata. sent rami subae- quales, 2°55 mm. longi. Nuculae ovoideae, glabrae rae BurRMA. Hukung Valley, between Keouk Seik and the Ser tine Mines, 100-150 m., Griffith, 3962 [K.D. This species, though very different in respect of inflorescence, bears, as regards leaves, a close resemblance to P. elsholtzioides, and was distributed under that name, with the number quoted above, in 1862-3. 5-409 487, Rheum aon rah oa [ Polygonaceae-Rumiceae] ; a seer in ge met icolarun str 1, Maximowiczio proposito pone a he ee us gr statura minima, habitu L-foliato, per carbo slokoweccup liens ec differt. Herba nana, “haps ote vix 7 cm. alta. Rhizoma incrassa- tum, breve, repens, collo 6 mm. diametro, stipularum scariosarum brunnearum religntis Soak yontiinc Folium solitarium, petio- latum e rhizomatis apice cum pedunculo evolutum ; lamina re- niformis vel reniformi- orbicularis, basi cordata vel sinuata, apice obtusa vel subacuta, margine integra vel obscure lobata, Sead uit pallide Mtoe utrinque sed praesertim supra corrugata, 1-2-2 ¢ longa, 2-3 cm. lata; petiolus 2 em. longus, in faciem inentiane ifartivein radiatim { in nervis latis regulariter iterum bifurcatis productus. i ee simplex, globoso-capituliformis ; capi- tulum 1-2-2 cm. diametro; pedunculus 3°8-5 cm. longus, termi- nalis. Flores Scoville pedice ellati, 6 mm. longi. T Penseitibid y ae 489. Asplenium bireme, (. 182 ence eee 6, exteriora 2 caeteris majora, marginibus alb: ridia, linea centrali in tuberculo minimo dorsali “eS ice m gute enti terminante. Stamina 8-9, subaequalia, perianthii neni aequilonga. Ovariwin 3-quetrum ; a 3; brevissimi ; stigmata capitata. Fructus, vix maturus, 3-alatus gnu, Khamba; near Khambajong, 4650 m., viii band, 92. This striking little species was collected by Col. Sir F. E. Younghusband, on behalf of the Royal Botanic Garden, Calcutta, during the earlier hte: of the Tibet Mission. oe 488. Rheum laciniatum, Prain [Polygonaceae - Rumiceae] ; species elata, in D ar ege Monticolarum cl. Maximowiczio proposito ponenda, certissime R. officinali, Baill., et 12. palmato, Linn., proxima, = is fasion intricate dissectis ab ambobus facillime distingue - Herba aU oe folioso. Folia membranacea, pallide viridia, utrinque sed praesertim subtus plus minusve scabriu scula, palma- im segmentis irregulant er a a ae 5-secta, ambitu oblongo-ovata, majora 36 cm. longa, 24 cm. lata; segmenta basalia lateralibus dimidio, vesierys conte iter um fere dimidio breviora, laminis omnium in pterygomata angusta secus nervos expansa eeaieaies basalia 10 em. longa, 8 cm. lata, lobis 3-4-jugis majoribus 4 em: longis 2 2 cm. — laciniis majoribus °75 cm. longis ‘25 cm. latis ; ee 20 ¢ m. longa, 16 cm, lata, lobis 8-10-jugis ‘75 cm. latis ; Jessrbeniiien centra m, 20 cm. ‘Tatum, lobis 12-15-jugis majoribus 15 em. longis 8 cm. latis, laciniis majoribus 6 cm. longis 1°5 em. latis; pterygomata °45-"75 cm. lata ; petiolus 12-15 par longus, semi-cylindricus, scabriuscu ocrea ¢ cm. longa, membranacea, extra scabriuscula. Inflo sn paniculata, pyrarhidali, ultra 40 cm. longa, rhachide ramisque primum parce scabriusculis, demum glabrescentibus. Flures parvuli, sidusiten 4 Sera! Perianthit segmenta saepissime 6, subaequalia, herbace pallide viridia, apicibus conniventia. ina 8- acai, perianthii segmentis dimidio breviora. Ovarium 3-lobum ; styli 3, distincti, recurvi; stigmata capitata. Fructus ignotus. CHINA. Szechuen, in ravines, 3300 m., Wilson, 4415. Ison, who collected this species on behalf of Messrs. Mr. E. H: Wi J. Veitch & Sons, in ravines, at 10 000 ft., in Western China, states that it is rare. H. Wright [F¥ilices-Poly podiaceae} A. i “ightii, Eaton, pr roximum, Fhachide nretant — differ basi eupert ‘3 em. latae, basi inferiore aso y i "Boete dense brunneo-villosa, venis uni- vel bifarestia, Sori ad : . urcam superiorem cujusque fasciculi renarum affixi, feviter curvati, 084 CHINA, Tai-mo-shan, H. H, Wilson and W. J. Tutcher. 183 490, Cassebeera Woodfordii, C. H. Wright [Filices-Polypo- diaceae]; C. pinnatae, Kaulf., proxima, sed planta proceriore pinnisque sterilibus profunde inciso-serratis differt. Caude. m. crassa, radicibus ferruginoso-tomentosis vestita. Stipites caespitosi, 20 cm.alti, 2 mm. diam., castanei, glabri, nitidi ; lamina pinnata, deltoidea, coriacea, glabra, ad 30 em. longa, pinnis infimis bifurcatis ; rhachis stipiti similis ; pinnae breviter petiolatae, lineares, acuminatae, 15-20 cm. longae, 5 mm. latae, inciso-serratae, passim segmentis linearibus 2-4 em, longis instructae. Sori recti vel leviter curvati, 3-6 mm. longi. SOLOMON ISLANDS. Tulagi, Florida Island, C. M. Woodford. XXIV.—ECONOMIC NOTES: LIVERPOOL. J. M. HILurer., f the varied Vegetable Products noted ina recent visit to the City of Liverpool the following may be recorded as supplementary to those referred to in the Kew Bulletin, No. 2, 1907, p. 61. “ Calabar” in cylindrical bales 5 ft. in length and weighing about lj cwt. “Grand Bassa” in 35 ft. lengths; “ Junk River” similar in appearance and staple to “Grand Bassa,” but more scraggy ; “Sherboro” in bundles of about 2 cwt. and 24 ft. in length, generally of superior quality to the foregoing, being of finer exture, even, and better prepared ; “Bereby” in 7 feet lengths securely bound with galvanised iron wire into bales o Palm Kernels in 2} cwt. bags from Sierra Leone and Lagos, the latter being the cleaner of the two. Pods of Acacia arabica in 1} cwt. bags, used for tanning. Large quantities of Maize from Lagos in 24 cwt. bags. Capsicums from the Lagos District in 2, cwt. bags. In commerce the larger fruits are known as Capsicums, whereas the small fruits are classified as Chillies, Cotton Seed from Lagos in 3 ewt. bags, and Cotton Seed Cake, a new import from the neighbourhood of Benin, consisting of — trash, the Cake containing about an equal admixture of Seed and banded with hoop iron, similar to the form in which Egyptian Cotton is exported. Gum Copal from Lagos of mixed quality in 1} ewt. bags. * Cocoa Beans” from os were in quantity, and also com- mercially distinguished forms from the Gold Coast and Cape Coast ; the latter being exceptionally clean and carefully prepared. On the other hand some bags from Lagos consisted of trash, being full of weevils, decayed and dirty. Copra, the dried kernel of the Cocoa Nut, in 1} ewt. bags from Cape Coast. Ground Nuts in ? to 1 ewt. bags were observed from various ports on the coast; these were both decorticated und undecorticated. Rufisque Nuts yield the best oil, used for the manufacture of Margarine. Palm Oil from Sherboro in 15 ewt. casks, 184 Oil Beans in 28 Ib. bags were recognised as the ee Pentaclethra macrophylla, a note upon which appeared ae e Kew Bulletin, No. 5, 1906, p. 176. Samples of these seeds oi frequently been received at the Museum from od ps determination, and though enquiries for them have been eres oy Liverpool merchants, they do not appear to be obtainab a a quantity, probably from the fact that the natives of the 8 Coast employ them as food. _Some putrid-looking rubber with an offensive odour (“ Niger Niggers”) was noted in flat bags of about 1 ewt. TIMBERS.—Of the enormous quantities of timber to be seen in da probably derived from Pinus Strobus and P. resinosa. Large quantities of railway sleepers, bundles of broom handles of Ash rom Canada, also bundles of dowels of Poplar in several sizes from the United States and Canada. These are employed in i ing. Shooks in bundles of 25 to 30 of Satin Walnut (Liquidambar styraciflua) for kegs for nails and for soft soap. Boards 4 inch thick of American Whitewood (Liriodendron tulipifera) used in the manufacture of bedroom furniture. oe. In addition to the ab Roe aple were coming in for the manufacture of mangle wood is imported shaped octagonally and igs immediately stored in the dark and packed in uired for conversion. This is done to prevent checking (surface cracks). These rollers are made chiefly at Keighley and Accrin ton, and one firm alone will produce as many as 300,000 rollers during ¢ he course of a year. Under the guidance of Mr. Robert Gardner and Mr. Edmund Sergeneson, of Messrs. oseph Gardner & Sons, the well-known wood Merchants of Bootle, Liverpool, a visit was made to the oni Satie yards of the firm. the great variety A bers to seen here in bul i ercia varieties were Specially noted — hela lata Caucasian Yew.—Squared in 7 to 9 ft. lengths, 1 ft. 2 ins. to ® ft. 2 ins. in diam. at butt. This was a new import. 185 Walnut, Turkish.—Squared in 6 to 9 ft. lengths, 2 ft. 6 ins. in diam. Walnut, Circassian.—Squared and of similar size to the Turkish variety. This wood was also observed in planks ; it is considered superior to the Turkish wood and is of better figure. Walnut, Italian.—In planks 10 ins. to 2 ft. 4 ins. width and 4 to 5ins. thick. Very defective as a rule. Lignum Vitae, Maracaibo.—In round logs with the bark on in 5 to 12 ft. lengths, varying in diam. from 6 ins. to 2 ft. Very liable to cup-shake. Lignum Vitae, San Domingo.—In appearance like roughly hewn railway sleepers, 12 to 18 ft. lengths, 8 to 12 ins. in thickness. Lignum Vitae, Cuba.—In round logs up to 6 ft. One fine log was observed 3 ft, in diam. Lignum Vitae, Jamaica.—This consisted of small wood, clean and well grown. The wood of larger size is generally too defective for use. Chiefly used for pulleys. Lignum Vitae, Bahamas.—In short lengths of 2 to 3 ft. and to Sins. in diam. ‘This differs from the foregoing in being nearly all sapwood. Ebony, Maracaibo.—In the round with bark on in 6 to 9 ft. lengths, 9 to 18 ins. in diam. Chiefly used for door knobs and finger plates. Ebony, Macassar.—In round logs with the sap chopped off. Ebony, Mozambique.—In small logs 2} to 4 ft. in length, 4 to 9 ins. in diam. Very defective and of irregular shape, particularly favoured by amateur turners, Ebony, Gaboon.—In roughly cleft billets 3 to 4 ft. in length, 2 ins. in diam. About 45 pieces go to the ton. Ebony, Cameroon.—Similar to the Gaboon variety in 3 to 34 ft. lengths, 2} to 7 ins. in diam. This ranks next to the Gaboon in commercial value. About 50 pieces go to the ton. Ebony, Rio del Rey.—In irregular logs 24 to 3 ft. in length, 4 to 7ins.in diam. The wood is of good texture, but somewhat brown in colour and considered one of the inferior formsof Ebony, averaging 45 to 60 pieces to the ton. Boxwood, Abassian.—In irregular round lengths of 3 to 3} ft., 5 to 12 ins. in diam. In demand for engraving purposes, Boxwood, East London.—In irregular lengths of 4 to 5 ft., 2 ins, in diam. Boxwood, Knysna.—In the round with the bark on, in lengths of 20 ft., 44 to 8 ins. in diam, Used chiefly for weaving shuttles. Boxwood, Persian.—In 6 ft. lengths, 2 to 4 ins. in diam. A larger form was noted in 3 to 4 ft. lengths, 4 to 8 ins. in 186 diam, The small wood is used in turnery and for rollers employed in flax spinning, the larger wood being used for weaving shuttles and common engravings. Boxwood, Turkish.—In 2 to 4 ft. lengths, varying from 1} to ins. in diam. Boxwood, West Indian or Zapatero Wood.—In the round in 6 to10 ft. lengths and 5} to 12 ins. in diam. This form is almost invariably split, especially in the larger pieces. Osage Orange or Bois d’are.—In the round with the bark on, in lengths of 6 to 8 ft., 12 to 18 ins. in diam. Imported from the U.S.A. Used for motor spokes, golf sticks, &e. Rosewood, Bahia—In the round in 10 to 12 ft. lengths, varying in diam. from 7 to 18 ins. Very liable to decay in the centre. Greenheart.—Some fine baulks of this timber were observed, about 40 ft. long. It is valued for the manufacture of fishing rods and for various other purposes on account of its strength and durability, Degame Lancewood, Cuba.—In 14 to 16 ft. lengths, 6 to 9 ins. in di i Mahogany, Cuba.—In the round in 8 to 16 ft. lengths, 8 to 16 ins, in diam. This wood is more often imported squared. Mahogany, Mexican.—In the round in 12 to 14 ft. lengths, ft. 3 i iam. t. 3 ins. to 2 ft. 6 ins. in d Black Bark Hickory, Southern United States.—In the round with bark on, in 10 to 18 ft. lengths, 9 ins, to 2 ft. diam. Pencil Cedar, Florida —In yo ghly squared lengths of 6 to 12 ft., 8 to 15 ins, in diam. Membrilla, Maracaibo.—In the round in 6 to 9 ft. lengths, 6 to 12 ins. in diam. Formerly used for shuttles, Cocus Wood, Black Kbony of Jamaica, Grenadilla of Cuba, Cocoa Wood of U.S.A.—With bark on, in 3 to 6 ft. lengths, 24 to 7 ins. in diam, _ In addition to the above large quantities of Ash boat oars and Hickory hand-spikes were in stock. These are manufactured in the mills of Messrs. Gardner in the United States. It may be noted that six or Seven hundred tons of Lignum Vitae One large pile of this wood practically ave been examined by Mr. G. Magsee and reported upon as follows :— he “ The injury is caused by a fun f vavities in gus. The numerous cavities the wood are filled with mv, lium, whi imari along the medullary po yeelium, which primarily passes along “The specimen wag soaked for some day . . a : ? 1 reatment has resulted in 187 the proluction of a conidial condition of the parasite developing from the wounds in the wood. The general structure of the mycelium, its mode of attacking the wood, and the conidial form of its fruit, eoagon the genus Polyporus, but beyond this it is impossible to go. African Mahogany is well received in both the Liverpool and London Markets. The chief source of supply is the Lagos District, followed closely by Benin. Considerable quantities are also shipped from the Gold Coast and the Ivory Coast; that from the Gold Coast is usually of the smallest average size, generally about 90 cubic feet per log, and the product of the Ivory Coast realises the best prices, although record prices have been reached by logs from the Niger Basin. Twenty years ago, when the West Indian and cent al ower Wood was i mpor rted in quantity, the West African Wood was ill received, but since the supply of the Sonia tis fallen away rei consumption of the West African has extensively increased. During 1906, 21 million feet of West African Mahogany were imported into Liverpool alone. A considerable quantity of this was transhipped to the United States, where it is becoming a favourite furniture wood. Lignum Vitae has been imported in great quantity mostly for the machine makers, as many as 3,000 pieces recently arriving in one week. At the time of my visit a complete cargo had just come to hand of Japanese Oak and Ash, and was to be offered for public auction. The Oak was in the form of sawn sleepers, but the manufacture seems to be sidabhe of some improvement; notwithstanding this, however, the wood was expected to be well received. It is milder and softer than the American White Oak, with the colour and working properties superior to the American Red Oak. The Ash in the form of hewn logs is very similar in make to that which the market is aosntoined to from New it or and Baltimore. It appears to be of two varieties, one very clean and white and the other brownish. The former is the harder of the two and appears to be quite equal to the American second-growth Ash which is used by Coach-builders and Agricultural Implement Makers The brown variety is too dark for the external work in fur niture, but being soft and easy to work, should prove useful for inside linings, such as the sides and bottoms of drawers. A parcel of logs had also just come to hand of Lapacho Wood from the Ar gentine Republic. There are two varieties of this wood, ‘ Amarillo’ from a yellow-flowered variety and ‘Colorado’ from the variety bearing pink flowers. The ‘Amarillo’ is hard and ae nse and hes find a good ooaaaiae here for the spokes of heavy motor wagons, for which purpose it has been tried and fond i be entirely pressed. It cannot, cicero be imported at a price to commend its Senere use ; it realizes, Iam m informed, from 4s. 6d. to 5s. 6d. per foot in Buenos Aires, at which price it would be in competition ee with more familiar hardwoods of a similar nature and suitable for the same purposes. The Argentine has also imported a quantity of Quebracho Colorado ; this in its own country is in great request for for sleepers, 188 it i tically indestructible. It is, however, too hard and too tary fos pehOest purposes; it is also brittle. Its chief value is for the tannin extract prepared from the wood. pri North American Hardwoods are in great request principally ag the form of sawn boards; in some cases these are imported rea y planed to the hand of the user. Satin W alnut is in ee : chiefly in the better grades, but the average width of the ala imported is seldom more than 11 inches. The sapwoo ; diseased trees of the Satin Walnut are imported at a very ee price and sold under the name of Hazel Pine, and are ars! +h used for cheap cabinet work and coffins. Bay Poplar or be so Gum has come in in some quantity, but has met with only a po reception. ' In collecting these notes upon timbers the writer was great y assisted by Mr. Robert Gardner, Mr. Edmund Sergeneson an Mr. James A. Weale. ECONOMIC COLLECTIONS.—In the Botanic Garden, one of we Public Institutions of the City, the following interesting group © economic plants was observed in addition to those mentioned in the Bulletin previously referred to :— African Rubbers (Landolphia owariensis, L. florida and Fun- tumia elastica). Tpecacuanha (Psychotria Ipecacuanha). Sierra Leone Copal (Copaifera Guibourtiana). Croton (Croton Tiglium). Cola (Cola acuminata). | Bay Berry (Pimenta acris). Avocado Pear (Persea gratissina). Lignum Vitae (Guaiacum officinale). Coca (Hrythroxylon Coca). Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum). Miraculous Berry (Sideroxylon dulcificum). Oil Palm (Hlaeis guineensis), Tamarind (Tamarindus indica). Bowstring Hemp (Sansevieria zeylanivca). Sugar Cane (Saccharum Officinarum), Para Rubber (Hevea brasiliensis), Sweet Cassava (Manihot palmata). Mammee Apple (Mammea americana), Cherimoyer (Anona Cherimolia). Mahogany (Swietenia Mahagoni). Red Cinchona (Cinchona succirubra), Baobab (Adansonia digitata), Mango (Mangifera indica). Granadilla (Passiflora quadrangularis) ; in fruit. Vanilla (Vanilla planifolia) ; in fruit. 189 Under the care of Dr. Eric Drabble, F.L.S., the Museum of Economic Productsat the Hartley Laboratories, Liv erpool University, is developing. The bulk of the products from the Tropical Products Exhibition held in Liverpool during September last has been Ae nee for permanent exhibition in one of the Museums of t In shops in the City the following were on sale :—Persimmons the fruits of Diospyros Kaki; Custard Apples (Anona reticulata) ; Avocado Pears (Persea gr atissima) ; Green Corn Cobs (Zea Mays), Chufas, the tubers of Cyperus esculentus; and “ South of England Mushrooms” (Olitocybe nebularis). XXV.—THE TIMBERS OF SOUTHERN NIGERIA. Mr. H. N. Thompson, Conservator of Forests, Southern Nigeria, has drawn up and sent to 5 Sind . aie of the chief timbers exported from Southern Nigeria. Descriptive notes on the gardens and niiatidicne tomethiet with lists yaad ed by the Curators and Pro- vincial Forest ‘Officers) of the plants grown in them and of the economic bleu of this region, have also been forwarded by Mr. Thompson e present article consists of Mr. Thompson’s list of the timbers of Southern Nigeria, nos which additional details, taken from Mr. A. H. Unwin’s list of indigenous plants of oe importance, have ee Zielona In some cases Mr, Unw notes only supplement t Mr. Thompson’s account of a Lie peta tree, whilst in others he deals with a timber not otherwise referred to. (1.) Mahoganies the genus Khaya, known to the Benis as “ Gadeau” or “ Ogwangu.” There are ieee species found in these forests, viz.: Khaya senegalensis, R. Juss., Khaya grandifolia, Stapf, and Khay ya Punchii , Stapf, the Tatts being apparently confined to areas that are under water for several months of the year. The timbers of these species are much in demand at home and have realized very good prices during the year. They are generally known in the trade as “ Benin Mahogany.” (2.) Mahoganies of the genus Entandophragma, one identified se of which, viz.: Entandophragma Candollei, Harms, is known to the Benis e Teo wane obo.” It is the “ unscented,” long capsuled ahagany 4 and furnishes a higher percentage of “ figured ” logs than the other species. The timber from Lee lie had a bad name in the Liverpool Market, in 1904-05, a said to be rather “gummy,” and difficult to cut into thin sae hie veneering purposes. However, since the system of girdling the trees and thus allowing them to die off gradually and become properly seasoned was adopted (on the advice of this Department) the wood has regained its good name and realised higher average peer alae 1906 than Khaya timber. 190 It is most plentiful in the drainage areas of the Jamieson and Ethiope rivers of the Central Province, and is always found on high land. . The tree is usually very large, up to 50 ft. girth, very straight, and with very slight root phlanges. The value of the timber is about 3d. to 4d. per superficial foot. be at least two unidentified species of the genus found in Southern “Onomokyukyu” and in the Liverpool Market as “ Sapeli Since the “girdling” method of seasoning the timber was adopted it has been sold in Europe at very good prices. The timber is scented like Cedar and the tree has a long capsule Similar to that of the Entandophragma. This species is perhaps most plentiful in the well-wooded valleys of the hinterland ; in the moist zone it is confined to high dry ground. The timber of another species of Pseudscedrela, known to the Benis as ‘* Apobo, and as “African Walnut” in the trade, is also exported to Europe. (4.) Timbers furnished by various species of Guarea, only one of which, Guarea Thompsonii, Sprague and Hutchinson, has so far been named. The two kinds exported to Europe are known b the Benis as “Obobonikwi” and “Obobonufwa.” They have been exported to Europe under the general trade name of “ Cedar Benin Mahogany.” The species of Guarea appear to be confined to the Moist evergreen forests, Mr. Unwin writes that “Obobonufwa” (Guarea or Heckeldora) has been shipped several times and realized 2hd. to 4d. per super- ficial foot, and has been classified by the n pitted with indentures, where the bark peels off. Office furnitur at Benin City is made entirely of this wood. “ Obobonikwi,” Heckeldora sp. nov., worth 3d. to 6d. per foot, of late, however, it has not been fetching more than 2d. The wood is of a dark rich red-brown colour, of close texture, taking a mahogany, and attaining a girth of 18-20 ft. with correspondi " ant : ; ponaing vnc It fruits readily, and the seeds germinate and develop All the above-mentioned Meliaceae, which al mahoganies and ce , plants belong to the natural order so includes the Honduras or true American dars of the genera Swietenia and Oedrel. 191 The following species should also be exploited, as they have been favourably reported on by timber brokers at home, (6.) The “ Ainyesan,” a yellow satinwood that hag fetched as much as 63d. per superficial foot at Liverpool. The timber how- ever is of uncertain quality and only picked pieces have realized that price. It is fairly plentiful in the Benin districts, to 16 ft. girth, and is moderately straight. It has been reported n as a mahogany of mild texture and fairly good colour, and valued at 3d. to 6d. per superficial foot. : (8.) The “ Nikiba,” of the Benis, described as “a species of gummy mahogany,” valued at from 24d. to 34d. per superficial foot. The botanical name is not yet known, (9.) The “ Aganokwi”(?), Mimusops multinervis, Baker, is a tree yielding a good rich-coloured hardwood resembling mahogany : it is frequently figured, and should command a ready sale in Europe. It is known as “Bakum Mahogany,” and is very widely distri- buted throughout the Central Province, but is of smaller growth than in the Benin City district, where it attains a height of 120 ft. and 40 ft. girth. It grows on high as well as on low land, but the development of the tree near the swamps of the Niger is very poor, and the trees do not attain a large size. Value 24d, to per foot. The species is very plentiful in some of the moist evergreen forests of the Protectorate and has a tendency to grow gregariously. t has been exported home under the general trade name of mahogany. (10.) The “Arachi”, Afzelia africana, Sm., is another tree which yields an excellent hard wood. It is quite plentiful in parts of the Onitsha district and again in the mixed forests of the Western Province. It is largely used in the Ventral Province for furniture and building purposes. (11.) The “Eba,” or red iron-wood tree. This appears to be a species of Lophira, and unlike its congener Lophira alata, Banks, of the dry open forests, is confined to the fresh water Swamps of the moist zone, where it is plentiful, more espe- cially in parts of the Benin City district, The wood is very hard, 192 close grained and heavy, and is said to resist the attacks of both white ants (Termites) and the Teredo worm. It should prove suitable for all purposes where strength and great durability ar required. The wood is, however, rather difficult to work, Experi- ments are being undertaken with a view to ascertaining its suit- ability for railway sleepers. It attains a large size, up to 20 ft. in girth, with straight stem and few branches, on the moist low lands, and is usually found in company with real mahogany, and very few other trees. A dee and moist soil is required, but with drainage this tree develops rapidly as a seedling, (12.) The “Odonomokyukyu,” of the Benis, a species of Santiriopsis, probably Santiriopsis Klaineana, Pierre (?), 18 common in the evergreen forests of this country. The wood is much valued in the French and Belgian Congo, and is sometimes exported to Europe. 14.) The “ Agba,” of the Benis, an unidentified tree with a light-coloured wood, which has also been exported from the Benin district as a kind of mahogany. It is fairly common in some districts of the Central Province, (15.) The “ Troko ”, Chlorophora excelsa, Benth., is one of the best timber trees of West Africa, It is most plentiful north of the evergreen belt, and its wood ig extensively used on the coast for making furniture and for building purposes. The timber is very durable, hard and of a yellowish colour when fresh, but rapidly darkens to a rich brown and becomes almost black. The are often seen and ap very large Size ;—the great “ Juju” tree everywhere—and some- times attains a girth of 30 ft, though only 80 to 90 ft. in height. (16.) The “ Camwood” of Southern Nigeria is procured from two species of leguminous trees, viz,, Baphia nitida, Lodd., and Plerocarpus tinctorius, Welw. ; the latter is a large tree which is confined to the moist evergreen forests, Baphia nitida is rather inclined to be shrubby and appears to is extensively cultivated round villages. I do not think thatit is ound growing wild in the forests in any large numbers. (lig * Padouk,” *Ume.” « Barwood.” Ptep tinctorius? has a rich red wood which f. 1 ered ge en the market happened t ‘. pay etched £10 per ton wh I : ; The natives use it a erties sent since February, yt Trees to be thus used 193 timber is split up into the little pieces, which they sell at so much the basket load, 3d. to 6d. The tree is common and ig found all over the Central Province; it grows chiefly on the lower-lying land and attains a girth of 9 ft. as a maximum. d indestructible, as they resist attacks from insects. The larger species “Okan” of the Benis is known locally as the African “Greenheart” and is used for house construction, The wood, however, is exceedingly hard and difficult to work, and is con- sequently not so frequently employed as some of the softer and less durable kinds. The other species appears to be Piptadenia africana, Hook. It is known to the Benis as the “ Ikhimi.” he wood is much lighter in colour than that of the “Okan,” but is just as durable. An unnamed species of Terminalia, common in the mixed forests of the Central and Western Provinces, is also likely to furnish timber suitable for the home markets. It is a tree of lofty growth and exceptionally good “form figure,” the girth being well maintained up toa great height. The Yoruba name of the tree is “ Kpepe.” Ebonies.—The Ebony exported from Southern Nigeria is fur- Hochst., of the mixed forests, and Divspyros Dendo, Welw., evergreen forests. The former is still fairly plentiful, but the been practically exhausted in the drainage areas of the Jalabar and Cross rivers, from which the bulk of the Southern Nigerian Ebony used to be exported. The natives have now taken to felling immature trees of this species, and the supply of large billets Suitable for the home markets will rapidly diminish in the near uture. The following additional notes have been taken from Mr. A. H, Unwin’s list of the timbers of the Central Province, and refer to timber not mentioned by Mr, Thompson. 31756 D 194 m th mahogany. It is very prevalent all over the Province, but is not always a very straight or tall tree, and branches rather low down. It attainsa girth of 9-12 ft., and a height of 50-60 ft. Seeds are produced very freely and too early for the good of the tree. Ebony, “ Isinewey,” (Diospyros ?). Timber from this tree was sent home and classified as mahogany with a value of 2d. to 3}d. per foot, but as far as the tree is known here, it appears to be an ebony. The wood is hard and reddish brown. ‘This tree is very prevalent all over the western side of the Province, but does not usually attain a very large size and is only moderately straight in growth. “Ughahan,” “Sabicu,” (?) Zanthorylum senegalense, DC., is mentioned in the Liverpool Market as worth 2d. to 2}d. per foot, and is classified as mahogany though botanically it belongs to the Satinwood group. It is common all over the Province, and is found very often on old farms, as the seedlings appear to be light demanding. Wood very varied in texture and in colour, which is sometimes yellowish brown to dark brown. ‘The tree grows to a fair size, 9-12 ft. in girth, and straight up to 80 ft. in height. he stem is covered with prickles even up to old age. African Ebony, “ Igidudu,” Diospyros atropurpurea, Guerke. Sampled in 1905, and sold as Ebony with a value of £5 to £10 per ton. It is found all over the Province, especially near the Niger on the left bank, but owing to the waterlogged nature of grows on moist soil of good depth; only a few large trees are found in the western part of the Province. Greenheart, “ Ogwega,” “Furniture wood,” “Oak,” Dialiwm Ae aeirad (?). With the above names this timber tree has been esignated, with a price varying from 1}d. as greenheart to 3d. as oak, but it has not been cut since. i (Benin), Lonchocarpus This was classified as an oak timbe home, with a value of 2d. per foot, but has The tree grows all over the Province, requires good loam soil, The woo th close to fibrous grain. ’ Pterocarpus sp., has only thus far been Sent a8 a sample; it was valued: at 2d. to 33d. per foot, but has ; . 18 very prevalent all through the Province, a on the higher-lying as well as the low-lying land, and seems © pretty well on both, The tree does not attain to a very 195 large size, 8-9 ft. girth being about the maximum, but the growth is straight and there are only a few branches low down. The wood is a good red colour, which pales on the surface on exposure to the air for any length of time. The natives use it as a red dye-wood, and it is sold in all the local markets even for sending to Northern Nigeria. “Satinwood,” “Obeche,” Hibiscus (Triplochiton) n. sp. A valuation of 2d. to 1s. per foot was given for a sample of this wood at the Liverpool Market, where it was classified as Satinwood. None has been cut since then. It is a very common tree, being found in many localities, and in very large examples up to 25 ft. in girth, The leaf is very much like that of an English Maple. The tree grows on high land with a good soil. as sa latterly they were 2 . spoken of as at first. Altogether three lots of samples have been ct > ks ‘ sa] Lor | fae) SB ot — te 2 cr 4 ° a jor JQ 3S Hee? S js) = te og oo 2 =) © os o ™m A ° =| o. = = fee] size With good length of bole; 18 girth. The tree grows in rich soil, of considerable depth. The XXVI—MISCELLANEOUS NOTES. MR. ROBERT FYFFE, a member of the gardening staff of the Royal Botanic Gardens, has been appointed by the Secretary of State for the Colonies, on the recommendation of Kew, Assistant to the Superintendent of the Botanic, Forestry and Scientific Department of the Uganda Protectorate. of State for the Colonies, on the recommendation of Kew, Super- mob at of the Government Plantations in the Federated Malay es. and was at the Botanic Gardens, Jamaica, until 1886 as Super- ’s H holding various other posts in the West Indies, he was appointed Forestry Officer in Northern Nigeria in 1903 (K. B. 1903 31756 D2 196 p. 31). In 1907 Mr. Elliott was invalided home from Nigeria owing to a serious illness. He appeared to have made a complete recovery, and was reported as fit to return to duty. On the 6th of March, however, he fell ill with influenza, followed by double pneumonia, which proved fatal, Botanical Magazine for March.—The plants figured are Sinningia Regina, Sprague, Cypripedium debile, Reichb., Pyrus Aria, Ebrh., var. majestica, Prain, Berberis acuminata, Franch., and Kosa Willmottiae, Hemsl. The Sinningia was introduced as a chance seedling from Brazil by Mr. de Smet-Duvivier, of Ghent, and under the name of Gesneria Reginae was exhibited in flower at the Ghent Quinquennial Exhibition of 1903. It is an ornamental — plant both on account of its leaves and its large pale violet flowers. The Kew plants were raised from seed distributed by Messrs. Benary, of Erfurt. Cypripedium debile is a curious little plant with small, pale green and white flowers slightly marked with brown and purple. It is a native of Japan and is found also in several localities in Western China. In this country it may be grown out of doors. Roots were purchased for Kew from the Yoko- hama Nursery Company. The variety of the handsome Pyrus Aria, which is distinguished by its larger leaves and flowers, is believed be of garden origin. The material figured was obtained from a tree which has been cultivated for many years in the Kew Arbo- _ Tetum. Berberis acuminata is a native of Yunnan and Western h escribed first in the Kew Bulletin, 1907, p. 317. It was raised by Messrs. James Veitch & Sons from seeds collected for them by Mr. E. H. Wilson, in the Sangpan mountains, near the Tibetan frontier of Western China, at elevations of 9,500 to 11,000 feet. Its nearest ally is R. W. eblbiana, Wall. Botanical Magazine for April.—The followi ; . owing plants are figured oe deseribed : Bulbophyllum Binnendijkit, J. J. Smith; sachs dete — = Schum., var. elatior, Stapf; Saxifraga bllton Sucve, 2 eum imopinatum, Prain; and Olearia year's Temple Show under the n - > ame of B.. Hricssoni, and the pa 1s not yet decided whether or not the two species should be considered identical. The beaut wi 197 taller-growing than typical K. Kirkii, the leaves are longer. and narrower, and the yellow blotch at the throat of the flower is bordered on both sides with purple. Sazifraga Brunoniana isa pretty and curious species from the Himalaya, where it ranges from Sikkim to Kashmir at elevations of 9,000 to 13,000 feet. It and small yellow flowers. The Kew plants were raised from seeds received from the Royal Botanic Gardens, Calcutta, in 1903. Rheum inopinatum is a new species belonging to the section Deserticolae, in which the stems are leafless, or nearly so, and the leaves firm. It is a small-growing plant, with grey-green leaves, . Pp received in 1899 from Sergt. Goady, R.E., of Albany, Western Australia. iving insect. The material cultivated and distributed in a wholesale manner consisted of two distinct species of fungi, Rhizopus nigricans, Ehr., being alone present in the tubes of material examined by Professor McAlpine in Melbourne, whereas the material submitted to Kew for examination proved to bea pure culture of a fungus not previously described, and was called Mucor exitiosus, Mass. (Kew Bulletin, 1901, p. 4). Material received by Mr. Hart, in Trinidad, consisted mainly of pedeoié exitiosus, along with a sprinkling of dead Entomophthora rylli. On the whole, Mucor exitiosus was the most constant and abun- dant fungus present in the cultures. Rhizopus nigricans is a widely distributed species, but has no injurious action on living insects. Mucor exitiosus has not been proved to attack either grass- hoppers or locusts, in fact all evidence forthcoming is decidedly opposed to this view. Soon after the “ locust fungus ” preparation was issued, it was subjected to a thorough examination at the Colorado Experiment Station, United States, and as the result of 198 numerous experiments conducted on scientific principles, it proved an utter failure, the locusts that died during the experiments being found to have succumbed to the feral form of Hntomoph- thora Grylli, and not to Mucor exitiosus. _ Exactly similar conclusions have recently been arrived at inde- pendently by Dr. Butler in India, and by Mr. I. B. Pole Evans in the Transvaal, after experimenting with the “locust fungus. From the above account it is evident that the “locust fungus,” from which so much was expected, is of no value as an extermi- nator of locusts, and as Entomophthora Grylli cannot be vultivated artificially its action is limited and uncertain, yet it appears highly probable that in those cases of reported success following the use of the “locust fungus” preparation, the amount of such success depended in reality on the action of the last-named fungus. Quite recently Mr. W. M recorded a successful method of destroying locusts wholesale, by during the night, and in the early morning it should be spread very thinly round the bushes on which the locusts are sleeping. They begin to feed directly they move, and the swarms are" COm pletely destroyed. The grass should be spread so thinly tha stock cannot pick it up, and what the locusts leave is soon dried up in the sun. The above amount was used for locusts in the hopper stage, and where more advanced, two pounds of arsenite of soda and eight pounds of sugar should be used with the same amount of water as given above. Mr. H. Maxwell-Lefroy points out that a wide bag on a frame is used extensively in India for the destruction of the hoppers of the Bombay Locust. The bag is run through the field fairly rapidly. At the end of each run the bag is twisted up and the insects shaken into a corner and destroyed. The use of a bag net is also recommended as one of the methods for exterminating locusts in the Caucasus, and an account of the instructions issued for dealing with the pest in that region is given in the Kew Bulletin, 1894, p. 215. Mr. I. B. Pole Evans’ paper on the South African locust fungus has been reprinted asa leaflet (No. 5) from the Transvaal Agrt- cultural Journal G. M. The accompanying plate reproduced from a photograph taken in Nyasaland gives some idea of the ravages caused by a plague of locusts, a tee Kew Bulletin, 1908. i > q v yea.) AYR. bs ah A ; 5 Vig yy ‘puvresvd N ul de¥e] ydvasojoyd v wor ‘S}SNOO'T Jo WaABAs B Aq porsAOD saysnq puL soar], — To face page 198, 199 New Rubber-containing Plants.— Rubber (including gutta-percha) is known to occur in about a dozen familes of plants, of which the more important are ps Euphorbiaceae, Urticaceae (Moraceae), Apocynaceae, Asclepiadaceae and Sapotaceae, whilst the Loran- thaceae and Compositae will probably also become of considerable importance in the near future (see 7’ openpflanzer, 1905, p. 633 ; and Kew Buil., 1906, p. 218 ; 1907, p. 285). In the remaining five families the occurrence of rubber is at present a matter of theoretical interest only, as it has not yet been shown that its extraction would be sags pai they are the T'’rochodendraceae (Eucommia), Tiliaceae (Plag pteron), Celasti se tone Hippo- crateaceae and Lobeliaceae ein mpylus), ilst a sixth, Convolvulaceae, is given by Czapek as also Mterriae rubber (Biochemie, vol. ii, p. 709). sence of rubber in three African species of Gym- nosporia (Calasinccatis) is recorded in the Notizblatt des Kénigl. botanischen Gartens und Museums zu Berlin, No. 42 (Bd. V.), of March llth, 1908, by Dr. Th. Loesener, who prefaces his account by a summary of our knowledge of the occurrence of rubber in the family. Bee Oter, A was en first to detect rubber in the Celastraceae, found it in the Mexican genus Wimmeria (Bot. Gaz 1893, p * 199). The “leat anatomy of the Cetastraceze Bion ae of rubber by Metz, who recorded its presence mn special niatiekierbis cells of the leaves in eight species of Wimmeria and in the South i Mystroxylon eucleaeforme, while; in no fewer than irteen genera, rubber was present in the form of small — in the cells of the parenchyma (Beih. Bot. Centralbl. vol. ge tt is shiises hake ‘the extraction of rubber could not be profitably undertaken, where it is present merely in the cells of the parenchyma. In the three species of Gymnosporia investi- gated by Loesener, however, the rubber is present in special laticiferous cells, which occur in the bark, the leaves and the dioich oe one broken surface to the ot thet and which can be drawn ons for a fair distance uate breaking, when they rebound and curl up. The ca species, which are closely allied to one another, are all spineless and are natives of intertropical Afri it vd them, G. amaniensis, Loes., and G. bukobina, Loes., are 200 from Mts. Ruwenzori, Kilimanjaro and Mawensi, and from P: Uluguru Mountains in Ukami, at altitudes varying from ’ 83 feet high, but Dawe, who collected it on Ruwenzori at about Botanic Gardens, Olokemeji, Southern Nigeria.—These — were formed in 1901 to take the place of those at Ebute-Met a ; the partial appropriation of the latter for other purposes. comprises about 4} acres, but the garden proper consists = es acres laid out in plots, edged with grass verges, and each p r we as tar as possible, devoted to products of a like kind, suc Fibre, Fruit, Rubber, &c. The fibre plot contains Boehmeria nivea, Urena lobata, Sanse- vieria guineensis, Furcraea gigantea, Agave rigida, var. sisalanda, Hibiscus esculentus, all of which give good results. Of fruit, specimen treeg of Mango, Pitanga cherry, Anacardium, Guava, Zizyphus, Pomegranate, Anona sp., Achras S A plot of Coffea liberica and one of Coffea arabica are giving good results. Cacao is almost a failure in’ this district owing to insufficient rainfall. The plot devoted to rubber contains Landolphia owariensis, L. va ia elastica, the latter a demon- mber of Para 0 stration plot grown entirely in the open, na : well established, but are not a untry. rubber trees planted in 1902 are great success in this part of the co 201 Specimens of timber trees are growing in different parts of the garden including Tectona grandis, Cedrela odorata, Swietenia Mahagoni and the indigenous Chlorophora excelsa, Diospyros mespiliformis and Mimusops multiner A plantation of Mey nucifera acta in 1902 close to the river is well establis Poinciana regia, rire Catappa, Albizzia Lebbek, and Hura crepitans are grown as shade trees, and plants raised in the gardens are being aetsnaively-| in the streets of towns and at all railway stati A considerable portion of the garden is devoted to raising plants for distribution and is laid-out in seed beds; Kola, Cacao, and Para rubber are raised in large quantities , 15,000 s eeds of Kola, and 38,000 Para seeds being re teres for raising leita for distribution during the current year wenty-six acres of land are ice to growing farm crops. Experiments are being conducted with a view to improving the native yam, and for this purpose eight different varieties have been planted this year. Experiments in Cotton are conducted each year, and improve- ment by selection is now being undertaken A plantation of Bananas introduced ee the West Indies is a striking success, and a large number of suckers are distributed. A plantation of Musa Cavendishii has been recently formed Arrowroot, Ginger, Ground-nuts, Guinea-corn are also under cultivation Along two sides of the garden there are ornamental borders of indigenous plants, most of which are labelled with their scientific and native names. There are also various specimens of indigenous economic trees, such as Lophira alata, spaniels leiocarpus, Pterocarpus erina- ceus, Strophanthus gratus, ae Soper, which has been formed during the last two ontains ved Boge specimens correctly named, and should § sien sof great Vv: Botanic Garden, Ebute-Metta.—When the new garden at Olokemeji was formed, it was proposed to abandon the garden at Ebute-Metta. Owing to its value, however, as a place of popular resort for the inhabitants of Lagos, it is now being maintained as a purely ornamental garden. The garden has an area of about three acres, and is under the charge of a nities Assistant Cureton. Botanic Stations in ee West Indies. —In the Reports for oe year yu Agricu ay ve been given, The egos which give i "pewing account 202 of the present condition of Botanical enterprise in the islands, are illustrated by some good photographs of the different gardens and of some of the more interesting plants grown therein. The history of the Botanic Station at St. Lucia was reprinted in the last number (No. 3) of the Kew Bulletin, p. 142. Dominica Botanic Station—The history of this station is taken from the Reports for 1906-07. “The Dominica Botanic Station was established on its present site in 1891. It is about 44 acres in area, and lies immediately at the back of the town of Roseau, about } mile from the landing place. tion. The land is undulating, with a rich sheltered hollow immediately under the Morne. In other places the soil is some- what stony, and not so suitable for the growth of plants. There is, however, no part of the land not suitable for some cultivation or other. he site is well sheltered from prevailing winds to the south and east. On the northern side it is somewhat exposed. An abundant supply of water is available from the mains of the Roseau reservoir, which pass through the middle of the station. “The objects in view in establishing this station were strictly experimental and economic. Ornamental plants were to be grown in moderate quantities for rendering the ground attractive and “ The first Curator was Mr. Charles Murra t i E y, from the Edinburg Botanic Gardens, who was appointed September 9, 1889. He was ada. § he became Superintendent of a Reformatory School at 6. The next Curator was 203 Mr. Joseph Jones, who was trained at Kew. He arrived in the island in March, 1892. Mr. Jones immediately took up the duties of his office with energy and enthusiasm and he has proved an excellent Curator. It is stated in evidence that he has rendered ‘services universally acknowledged by the planters of the island.’ Mr. Jones has held this position up to the present time. “The chief object of the garden:has been toraise and distribute at moderate rates plants of an economic character and this work is steadily developing. “In 1892, 17,000 plants were distributed, whilst in 1906-07 the number had risen to 83,000. “Mr. G. F. Branch was appointed Agricultural Instructor in January 1900, and transferred to Grenada in July 1905, where he now holds a similar position. Since Mr. Branch left Dominica, the post of Agricultural Instructor has not been filled. “ On the establishment of the Agricultural School at Morne Bruce Brooks, who arrived from Kew in June 1903, to take up the duties of Officer-in-charge. He has continued in that capacity until the present time. ‘“*Mr. Rudolph Penn was appointed schoolmaster at the Agricul- tural School in December 1900. “In 1898, a foreman was appointed to the Botanic Station, and his post has been maintained continuously up to the present i > t time, Montserrat Botanic Station.—The following account of this station is taken from the Report for 1906-07. + . 1, of three Experiment Stations. 'Chese stations were situated at the Grove estate, at Harris’ Village, and at Olveston establishment up to the present. Grove Station, which is } a mile from the town of Plymouth, has been the headquarters of the Agricultural Instructor in Montserrat, and has combined with its work as an experiment station, the functions of a Botanic Station, while the Harris and Ovelston Stations have been maintained solely for the purpose of carrying out agricultural experiments. “ In 1899, Montserrat experienced a disastrous hurricane, owing to the effects of which, agricultural matters were in a very depressed condition at the time when the Imperial Department of Agriculture began its work in this island. “During the two subsequent years, attention was particularly directed to aiding the peasants by means of the introduction of good varieties of yams, sweet potatoes, sugar-cane cuttings, and other food crops. 204 “In the meantime, experiments were carried on at the stations with these, and such other crops as seemed likely to give remune- rative returns if grown on a commercial scale. In 1904, the title of the Officer-in-charge of the Experiment Station was changed from Agricultural Instructor to Curator. ! “In 1905, Mr. Jordan was appointed Curator of the Botanical Gardens at Antigna, and Mr. W. Robson, the present Curator, was appointed to succeed Mr. Jordan at Montserrat. During the Mr. Robson, the duties of the Curat performed by r. E. Buckmire, foreman of the Botanic Gardens at St. Lucia n Jun r, Dudley Johnson was ointed Local St. Kitt’s-Nevis Botanic Station.—The history of this station is taken from the Reports for 1906-07 on the Botanic Station, &c., for St. Kitt’s-Nevis. “The Botanic Station in St. Kitt’s was established in the latter part of 1899. The first Curator, Mr. Charles Plumb, was appointed in October of that year. . “The station was laid out by Mr. Plumb during the years 1891 and 1892 according to the plan laid down by Mr. Morris, and considerable time and mone e spent in making roads and planting wind-belts of trees to protect the station from the effects of the sea blast and high winds, “ Mr. Plumb continued in charge of the station under the super- vision of Mr. C. A. Barber, the then Superintendent of Agriculture or the Leeward Islands, until March 1, 1893, when he _ resigned, and Mr, Wade was appointed in his place. “ On the abolition of Mr. Barber’s office, Mr. Wade continued in charge until October, 1898, when Mr. W. Lunt, who had been trained at Kew, and who had been for some years at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Trinidad, was appointed Curator, with Mr. Wade as foreman. “Mr. Lunt died on January 3, 1904, and the present Curator, Mr. F. R. Shepherd, who was then Superintendent of Skerretts Training School at Antigua, was appointed to act as Curator for one year, and at the end of that time was confirmed in the appointment.” NR Naseer f oo — Station —The history of the station is taken Paget nc ky on the Experiment Station, Tortola, Virgin Islands, “'The Imperial Department of Agriculture began its work in the Virgin Islands in 1900, A partly satidegsd cugae estate to the north-west of Road Town was chosen as the site for an 205 Experiment Station and was purchased from the funds of the Imperial Grant-in-aid. This estate consisted of about 160 acres of land, nearly one-half of which ig a steep hillside. At the time of its purchase, the old sugar works had fallen into a state of disrepair and the sugar mill was practically useless. “Mr. C. W. Seale was os tee Agricultural Instructor Jn charge of the Experiment Station. Under his direction a hous was built for the use of the ca ghia vate Instructor ; naieeieatty roads were laid out, and model plots were established sortie were planted up in limes, seedling canes, cacao, coffee, frui es, &. In 1902, Mr. W. C. Fishlock was appointed Agricultural Listeneate and he has held that post up to the presen * A well has been sunk and an oe fade for pumping water. This ensures a permanent and regular water supply to the Experiment Station. A small Chatanooga mill has been purchased and established in the old sugar works. The sugar battery has been entirely rebuilt and the buildings have been put in a fair state of repair. More recently a building has been erected to serve as a cotton factory, and suitable ‘a genes for ginning and baling the cotton has been placed in it. “On taking over the property the Department let out about 46 acres to twenty-four tenants on the part-payment system, the tenants binding themselves to plant certain crops, and the e Depart- ment agreeing to put them in full possession of their plots at the end of seven years. This agreement commenced in — ae it must be confessed, does not seem likely to end satisfactori “The land reserved for the — proper, about 14 re was laid off in plots of 1 acre and planted with various cro One plot was planted with limes, a Sond with 6 eedling atig a third with various fruit trees, a fourth bie pine-apples, a fifth with cacao, and a sixth with coffee, and s “These crops have mostly been AT and have served to indicate what crops may be grown in Tortola. As regards outside work, it may be mentioned that a woolless breed of sheep which is well suited to the place has been introduced. A young Toggen- burg goat was also imported with a view of improving “the local breed of goats.” Cacao Pests of Trinidad.—In the Proceedings of the Aor ieuiiaap! Socie ee of Trinidad for December, 1907, an interesting and u ris given on the Cacao pests of the Island, with notes pail snfsteNdnsons crops, by Mr. O. W. Barrett, of the United spe i epartment of Agriculture. The article has been re-issued a separate “Society Paper,” No. 280. Both fungal and insect pests are dealt with, the most impoftant of the former being a species of Lasiodiplodia, a genus of Sphae- ropsidaceae. Spore dispersion and remedies are discussed, but the only remedy against the fungus appears to be the destruction of the diseased tissues. The importance of “ Cover Crops” to prevent cracking of the soil and consequent loss of water is also dealt with, and legu- minous plants of the genera Desmodium, Cassia, Mucuna, Vi, Crotalaria and Sesbania are recommended for this purpose, since 206 he planting of the Immortelle (Hrythrina umbrosa) as a shade tree is considered to be harmful rather than beneficial to the Cacao trees. ; Pruning, picking, spraying and fertilizers form the subject of short paragraphs, and some notes on the pests of other crops, such as Sugar Cane, Bananas and Cocoanuts, are also given. The article concludes with the following summary :— “Placing the value of the normal cacao crop of Trinidad at $10,000,000-00 net per annum under existing erroneous agronomic methods and the common malpractices of culture, it is estimated that between $3,000,000:00 and $5,000,000:00 value of pods are _ lost through fungus attack, of which at least 30, if not 50 percent. could be saved with proper attention only to the methods of pre- venting fungus infection. “Tt is also estimated that the present normal yield of cacao could be readily more than doubled by the application of fertilizers, proper tillage of the soil, and the substitution of leguminous cover crops for the shade trees now employed. “ Probably 80 per cent. of the loss of pods and woody tissue ‘is caused by a species of fungus belonging to the genus Lastodiplodia, though there are several other fungi which cause various rots of the fruit and cankers of the stem and branches. “The direct loss from insects is comparatively slight, though there are numerous ecological problems along this line which require investigation. “The weather—aside from the wind movement and prolonged drought—has comparatively little direct effect upon the growth or fruiting of the cacao itself, though it may largely influence the action of parasitic fungi. € average cacao tree on the ordinary ff. fungus attacks and from lack of sunlight and soil nourishment ; under favourable conditions it should produce from two to three times its present yield.” ee eeniansieeiinennnteniessensanes Mud-binding Grasses.—In the Jowrnal of the Board of Agricul- ture of British Guiana, Vol. I., No. 3, 1908, appears an article on the use of “ Wild Rice,” Spartina brasiliensis, Raddi., as a resis- to coast erosion. The Courida, Avicennia nitida, Jacq., is the commonest tree fringing the Coast in British Guiana and the Black and White Mangroves (Rhizophora Mangle, Linn.,and Lagun- cularia racemosa, Gaertn.) also occur in quantity. They grow in the soft mud, and at every high tide their roots are covered by the he Mangrove, however, on account of its wide-spread roots, was considered better than the Courida in protecting the fore- shore. Recently the discovery of the value of the “ Wild Rice” for accumulating mud has led to a development of the systematic planting of this grass, which has proved to be successful. e grass has been planted in rows about six feet apart, each plant 207 being about two feet from the next, and the plants are put in about one foot below the surface. When the grass has become firmly established Mangrove seedlings have been planted amongst it, and these appear to have flourished without any further trouble. As the Mangroves grow they form so thick a shade that the grass dies out, but by this time the Mangroves are now large enough to prevent coast erosion without the aid of the Spartina. The value of the “ Wild Rice” grass then is due to the fact that it appears to be the only plant which is able to establish itself in the soft shifting mud on the seaward side of the fringe of Courida or Mangrove, and in this position it accumulates mud on which it is possible for the Mangrove to become established. I pedunculata, Beauv., in the museum at Kew, that there can be little doubt that this is the Species concerned. A single fibre, when complete, consists of a vascular bundle enclosed in a fibrous sheath. In a transverse section of th h of Raphi (R. vinifera, Beauv., var. taedigera) was examined by rt a a Similar type, each with r ; the cross-secti j embedded in soft parenchymatous tissue, in which teak ve ll » being roughly udinal grooves us sheath or ‘piassaba’ fibre, are used for brooms in the same way as the correspondi ree genera of Palms. s ee 208 . Ahipotsy ” or “ Hahipotsy.” The authors remark : “La structure anormale de cette paille ne nous permet pas de la rapporter a une plante ou un groupe de plantes déja connu,” and add: “Cette paille doit cependant arriver dans le commerce, car elle nous fut envoyee d’Italie pour étre identifiée.” : errot and Goris speak of the fibres as “ petites tigelles,” and refer to the superficial cells as “cellules épidermiques.” ey thus appear to have regarded the fibres as representing the some plant, and it is, no doubt, for this reason that they found the structure so abnormal, They give good illustra- tions of the microscopic structure (l.c., Pl. XIII), but the apparent cavity near the centre of the bundle, described by them as a large lacune,” ig really a pitted wood-vessel. Bey publications have appeared dealing with agricultural matters. In » @ brochure on Cotton by M. Yves Henry, Director of Agri- culture, was published consisting of 346 pages and illustrated by oe maps, photographs and drawings. In the same yeur Ses * Aina of Dahomey forms the subject of a volume of a the title ‘ L’Elevage,’ M. C. Pierre, Chief of the Zoo- nical Service, treats of the animals used in West Africa, and 2 pre useful account of the principal fodder plants of the These four volumes were : ' h : published on the occasion of the a Then Colonial Exhibition at Marseilles, €y have been followed b an account of the Cotton industry by Mt. 7 by % peg entitled *L Arachide,’ published this year y fain FE 08 ea dee varieties, culture, products, &e., of very usefy] ey » As in the case of the other volumes, there are Colonian tat any 7 a by M. Challamel, of the Maritime and ROYAL BOTANIC GARDENS, KEW, BULLETIN OF MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION, No. 5.] (1908, XXVIIL—ECANDA RUBBER. (Raphionacme utilis, Brown & Stapf). OTTO STAPF, hiferos,” pp. 143-172, an article dealing with i arianga.’ extracted, ey were evidently identical with the _tuber com- municated by Mr. Brett and siat e come from West Africa e tu Raphionacme, nearly a new species Rendle, a native of Ra allied to R. Welwitschii, Schlechter & Central Angola, and is described below as Brown & Stapf. It differs from all the rubber phionacme utilis, 1375 Wt 35 6/08 D&S 29 32326 210 plants already known in so far as it is a dwarf herbaceous plant with a fairly large subterrestrial tuber abounding in caoutchoue, As practically all our knowledge concerning the distribution, properties of the plant, and the process of working it, is at present confined to what we may learn from Prof. Geraldes’ wie a eee of the more important paragraphs is given her “The interest attaching to the ‘Ecanda’ or ‘ Marianga’ <— not only on the fact that we have to deal here with a species and m one which is morphologically aitterent from all the other nee rubber plants, but also, and especially, as I believe, on its capacity of producing ‘iist-claih rubber and the facility of working it, in which respect it has no ri . “The ‘Ecanda’ is a herbaceons, — plant witha tuber- eS root ae large and rich in one of the processes of ‘lato-borrachificacao externa’ (cogein of the latex after extraction). It is evident that the method of firs extracting the latex very much simplifies the preparation of rubber and clearly results in considerable economy. The ‘Hcanda or arianga’* is found in the treeless, sandy and alluvial tracts (anharas ras) of Beanie: and Bihé ane the Xanes (sandy and treeless tracts) of the region between the rivers Kwanza and Zambese (Ganguellas), ahs | pend of the Sree rampa (earns chylorrhiza).¢ Those tracts occur locally, as a rule near headwaters and along the banks of the rivers, occupying, § oe times, vast areas, and it is in their drier parts that the ‘ Eeanda’ mothihes The altitude of the region where the ‘ Ecanda’ grows is 4,000 ft. (Ganguellas) to 5, 000 ft. (Bihe). “As stated, the laticiferous tubes of the ‘Ecanda’ are found “ast all over a pulp of the root ; at the same time the latex, ing very con trated, co agulates ra rapidly in contact with air. It is therefore not possible to extract it sntirely from the roots by means of incis . The Sees of the rubber direct from the roots necessitating, as it does, first prolonged boiling and then crushing, followed by repeated washing is not practical since, apart from the tediousness of the Bec it implies necessarily the use of chemical agents in a é ot S B tas) ae oO °S mM ® a ayy 8 5 ° rp ct > @ ~§ =) oa HEE 2 a fo) > S B the pal by the disorganisation of its tissues. And even 80, unless dissolvents are used for the purification, the rubber sciadnn some- what impure as may be well imagined. * *Ecanda’ is the name by which the species which occurs in Bailundo and Bihe) is ra to the Railundos and Bi haben & is an it Me) I one identical with the species known to the Lutxases (Ganguellas a as ‘ Be ae that ra *Ecanda’ also occurs in the See of f Sifamage (an afflu ss 211 “ But tomy great satisfaction I made sure that it was possible to _ extract the latex of the ‘ Ecanda’ (although mixed with the sap of the roots) with great ease by means of simply crushing the roots. To extract the latex proceed as follows :—After having washed the roots well, cut them into several pieces at a right angle to their rei age and subject them to a slight pressure in a copying pre When the liquid ceases to flow raise the top of the press, turn the pulp and subject it anew to slight pressure. _Repea at without streaks of white, that is to the point Re ane latex is completely extracted and only root sap continues to “To obtain this result re = necessary to extract from the roots, on the average, 77°7 per ce t. (of the weight) of the liquor ; hence “T obtained good coagulation an alcohol or brandy whenever the latex was not very much diluted. This Ce is Babe . not economical as the coagulating agents are dea “Acetic acid, sulphate of aluminium and potassium, phenol and chlorate of sodium do not act on the latex ee sate with root sap. ther coagulating agents I was not able try It is, however, probable that coagulation of the latex of! Ecanda’ pone be obtained with other agents, even when it is diluted with FOOt Bap. = te process of skimming leaves much to be desired, since, in my experiments, I have never succeeded im extracting ee this method more than half of the caoutchouc contained in the la “T also studied the effect of heat on the mee obtained by pressing the roots of the ‘ Ecanda “Tf the liquid is idamiclod* direct to the action of fire, skin forms on the surface, like that on ae milk, eee pee of caoutchouc. If this skin is ree n the measure t forms, its pro oduction ceases after e time, and when at length the “aie is emer evaporated, a a éoploan yellow and viscous residue is “ By eating a hot bath for direct fire and proceeding in the manner just described, there also remains a gate and viscous pears but it is less copions. In this way I obtained a greater _ percentage of caoutchouc which was of greater elasticity than that produced - coagulating direct over fire. and viscous chiro ie Now, it is well known, that generally caoutchouc, if subjected to temperatures above ao, ©. gradually loses its rues ig he and turns viscous, until at 170° to 180°C. it is converted i a thick liquid much resembling molasses. Therefore, it tight rhe supposed that the residue mentioned above also consisted principally of resinified caoutchou 32336 =? 212 “ My suspicion ie confirmed when sepa oi latex by a mixed process of skimming and spontaneous desicca “By this sreenrod I obtained a much cane percentage of rubber and only a small residue, consisting likewise of a yellow and viscous matter. However, the rubber was less elastic than that seeing that the rnbber ahh ope by the latter process contains all the components of the latex and the root we (excepting the greater part of the water), id besides, I had not been able t strain re liquid, having no metal net nor preteen strainer with m Percentage of raw rubber per cent, Loss by Processes employed. drying r cent. Green, Dry. Coagulation over fire aie ohh 2-90 1°870 35°50 in the hot bat bh 3°54 2°415 33°09 Skimming and spontaneous desiccation 13°00 6°360 51°60 “In order to determine the percentage cai pure Resivany obtained by these processes, I analysed ee es of ‘ Ecan rubber prepared in Benguela, in the ¢ mical | laboratory of th . results :— RUBBER OBTAINED BY COAGULATION IN THE HoT BATH. Caoutchoue “se ) Bi sci sa = 025 per cent. cas cas (20 ” Substances soluble i in water 1100 ” » inalcohol at boiling point 1300): » eee eee 1-082 ” bevicier not determined ae ia Ee ” tee RUBBER OBTAINED BY SKIMMING AND SPONTANEOUS ESICCATION. i SO 2 Eo cgeees op pl oe Ssie ... T1925 per cent, Substances soluble i in water = = 28 2-950 ; ae » Inalcohol at ‘boiling point ate ” eee ee wie 3° ; Sarat not determined nye as somata fe! 5 4 fi Ga ce nn * To extract the rubber by this method I roceeded as follows :—I pour ured the liquid © rahe apo i hes the crushing of the ‘ + Keanda * roots into enamelled iron dishes er : , form, but every time ick. Then the a 6 hether the liqnid still contained caoutchoue I left it in the dishes until th. re whether q neaega the case five ny after the ges il the evaporation was complete, e air, and the latex somewhat caught the sun stag ete Bae viscous fenidne which formed consisted to a small extent of 213 “Thus I obtained by coagulation in the hot bath 2°125 per cent. of chemically pure caoutchouc, calculated from the pes bee of the fresh root, and by the mixed method of skimming and spontaneous desiccation 4-574 per cent. of pure caoutchouc ; that is is, I obtained by the latter op iegen more than twice the quantity of pure caoutchouc than by the first. “Tt follows, therefore, that, of the processes which I tried, it was the process of skimming and spontaneous desiccation by the treatment of a liquid resulting from the crushing of the Ecanda root, sie that makes it hardly practicable. “Indeed, as in this case a much diluted latex has to be dealt with, its coagalation (1) tee neat ipso facto, much time; (2) implies the use of a great number of recipient Macon and (3) necessitates a very spacious installation. Moreover, as the latex is not pure, re a mixture of latex and sap, (4) the fabbet turns out very impure, the normal constituents of the latex being precipi- tated sogethibe with — substances which were dissolved in the sap of the ‘ Ecanda “No doubt sotiiae 13 figs be oe upon by using for skimming and evaporating very porous earthen pans and keeping the liquid at 2 beg | high te onipenabtates but the disadvantage mentioned under (4) is fundamental . Possibly better results will be otiained with chemical coagulents with or without the aid of heating But in n my opinion the really practical method of preparing the ‘Ecanda’ rubber should naa in the os of the liquid obtained by the crushing of the roots. As there was no centrifugal papas in Benguela I was, — to my great regret, unable to try that pro It would appear that Mr. Geraldes’ eee with § Ecanda’ rubber stimulated some Bihanos (inhabitants of Bihé) to prepare ‘Ecanda’ rubber themselves, and some of it was actually on the market. Prof. Geraldes describes two of their methods and gives analyses of a sample obtained by one of them :— “The first method is as follows: They cut the roots into slices, and then expose them on the soil to the action of the sun. In this way the exuding latex is converted into rubber by desiccation and partly also by absorption of its serum through the soil. They thus obtain pieces of a mixture of rubber and oat out of whieh small cylinders (mutares) about 12 cm. by 1:5 cm. are ere or small balls which they join in clusters of 4 ate Sy and t clusters are also called mutares (as it were fingers). The m ees produced in this way have as a rule a good external appearance, but within they contain a great deal of earth which, apart from greatly depreciating the quality of the rubber, has the incon- venience of opr them excessively heavy. “T analysed several samples of mutares pepered by this method which I brought eee Benguela to the Institu Average Composition per cent. Caoutchoue ore eee eae eee : eee 45°81 Se de on 1:50 Substances soluble i in boiling alcohol _ 1:27 Substances soluble in water and impurities .. ~~ 51°42 ? 914 “Samples from the same origin, but previously, dissolved in carbon bisulphide and filtered through a cotton filter, gave the following result :— Average Composition per cent, Caoutchoue evi os ve os a 92°640 — 3°570 Substances eine) in dicohol as bolting point 2°825 _ Substances soluble in water ... “ ys 0°965 “The other method is still worse. It is as follows: the roots are boiled and then pounded in a mortar. The mass thus obtained is washed out with cold water to eliminate the pulp, and then put in boiling water in order to become workable. Of this mass Bie of course, is still ebisticnithated with a great percentage of pounded vegetable matter) they make mutdres analogous to those described ab i This procéss is—as may well be imagined—much worse than the oe considering that the rubber remains contaminated with a great deal of organic matter which easily sets up fermentation and deteriorates the rubber Prof. Geraldes also cera the sara important point of the rate of Ai of the ‘ Eeanda’ tubers, = P. 148 he vas tobi the 6 lo that Prof. Geraldes raised plants from aon for va would no doubt have mentioned the fact had he done so, and his estimate of the age of the tubers measured and weighed resis, apparently, entirely on assumption A priori it appears very improbable that the *Beanda’ plant should flower in the first year of its growth, or that its tubers should attain the dimensions given above in. so short atime. In any case this point demands close pg as the productiveness of an ‘ Ecanda’ plantation would t reat extent depend on the rate of growth. Prof. Geraldes’ a Nailetians of the yield of ‘ Eeanda’ plantations have therefore to be taken cum grano salis, and appear in any case far too optimistic. This is what he = on Oi. sen might a. S10,351 ‘ icanda’ plants weighing 27,778 kilos {about 27 tons), and producing 195 kilos (nearly 23 ewt.) of caoutchouc (chemic cally —= and dr or a gross return of 312 dols. 500 reis per ann “2. If only two year roots are worked, a hectare might yield 83,333 ‘ Ecandas,’ weighing 41,666 kilos (about 41 tons), and pro- ducing about 200 kilos of caoutchouc (chemi ae pure and dry), a gross return of 520 dols. 830 reis per annum At present there are-about 20 species of Rapheiona onacme known, nearly all of them natives of “Tropical Africa south of the equator. Kew Bulletin, 1908. 1 Raphionacme utilis, Brown and Stapf. To face page 215, 215 They are all small herbs, from a few centimetres to one metre high, and in many cases are known to Possess a tuberous rootstock like that of | the ‘ Ecanda’ plant. Five species are recorded from ortuguese West Africa, whilst four occur in Nyasaland, and one each in ee ae (and Rhodesia), the | Bahr-el-Ghazal, and in Sierra Leone Description. Raphionacme utilis, Brown et Stapf; affinis R. Welwitschii, Schlecht. et Rendle, sed planta nana foliis latioribus approximatis Paterna corona Si FR 1.é., lobis lateralibus contiguis per paria in squamam bifidam connatis et lobum intermedium extus iaeines imbricantibus ee. perennial herb with a turnip-shaped tuber, up to 4 in. high and 2-54 in. in diameter, with a dark brown, scaly bark. Stems solitary, ‘erect, me acy eous, 1-4 in. long, fulvo-puberulous. Leaves rs, for in 2-5 pairs ing in the wild state, according to Geraldes, a rosette close to the ground, spreadin ng, broad- ovate or elliptic to suborbicular, obtuse, apiculate, 14-2 in. long, 14-12 in. broad, rounded to subcordate at the base, acu puberulous en bot sides, green above, bright purple below; petiole 4-2 in. long. - Flowers in terminal and pace sessile, crowded, fulvo-pubescent cymes ; pedicels up to } in. long; bracts linear, up to } in. long. sss Reece acute, uu se long, paberulots, purplish with green tips. Corolla br ight purple,sabout 4 in. in diameter, very decds 5-fid, lobes very minutely puberulous on the back, glabrou us on the face ; lobes oblong, subacute with recurved margin Set subbiseriate ; outer (epipetalous) corona of 5 bifid scales, line long, white with bright a4 pae-tipped teeth, inner (apiveimlous) cerona of 5 subulate, acute lobes, } in. long, the sides covered at the base by the outer scales, dark < pur rple; ete exceed- ing the stamens. Follicle (Geraldes) broad spindle-shaped, acuminate, up to 4 in. long. Seeds about 50 in each "follicle, about 4.mm. long with a coma, 15 mm. long. EXPLANATION OF THE PLATE, 1, A large tuber, 5} inches in diameter, with leafy shoots, growing in the Royal Gardens, about half 1 natural size, 2, The ‘Ecanda’ tuber as imported. Half natural size 3, An inflorescence produced in the _—— Gardens. Natural size, 4. Asingleflower. x 3. 5. The details of the corona of the flower. x 6. Figures 1 and 2 from photographs, 3-5 from ae of drawings | by Miss M. Smith. All the ie phoma by Mr. C. P. Raffll, 216 XXVIII—FUNGI EXOTICI: VIII. G. MASSEE. Of the twelve new fungi here ce he ae in the Herbarium at Kew, nine have bee om various ie: colonies, two are from Cape Cbione see ee one oe N. W. India AGARICACEHAE. Volvaria esculenta, Massee. Pileus carnosulus, campanulatus margine striatulo, siccus, levis, griseo-lividus disco obscuriore, glaber, 6 cm. latus. Lamellae postice liberae, Sane sae, confertae, albido-carneae, acie albo- fimbriata. Sporae e nae nae glabrae e, carneae, 6-7 x 4— 5p. Stipes adntialie: wibiss aequalis, giaber, 5-6 cm. longus, 5 mm. crassus, albidus ; valve aiaek: ampla limbo lobato, pileo concolor. TROPICAL AFRICA, Old Calabar; growing on coffee pulp, Holland, 24. Grows abundantly on heaps of coffee pulp, and is eaten by both nativesand Europeans. Allied to Volvaria volvacea, Bull., which differs in ee adpressed blackish fibrils on the pileus and a solid ste POLYPORACEAE. Boletus ee Massee. poris selene amplis Macao Sti, ives crassus, brevis incrassatus pileo concolor, sursum subtiliter reticulatus, exannulatus. Sporae fusoideae, olivaceo-tinctae, 13-14 x 3°5-4°5 p. SouTH AFRICA. Cape Colony ; on the ground, W. F. Saxton. Obviously allied to Boletus stares / peg Fr., and B. edulis, Fr., and will probably prove to be e The first record of the occurrence of the genus Boletus in bytes since Boletus concretus, Dur. et Lév., pr wote. recorded from Algeria, proves to belong to the genus Polyporu ae iar batt, Masse. crassus, sordide aurantiacus. Alveoli brevissim , OO mm prof. g ore majusculo, 05 mm. diam., penta-he aren sat t regulari, dissepimentis tenuibus acie tistinsdali, sub lente fimbriatis. xd pe BRITISH GUIANA. Cai etown; on dead, fallen branches, Botanic Garden, A. W. Bartlett, 8701, S Puperscaity resembling a species of Poria, but Eerie 9 by the large polygonal, shallow pores of the hymenium. quite inseparable from the matrix, often ilies cece for oni ry 217 inches in length. 6 eg ascs allied to the resupinate form of Hexagonia sericea, Fries, from which the present species differs in the dull orange Sian of the SME RNIN, and the larger and more regular pores. Daedalea Gollanii, Massee. Pilei orbiculari-dimidiati, coriaceo-rigidi, —— veer ee rentes, densissime aggregato-imbricati, 15-2 cm. diam. transv. et ant.-post., superne concentrice 3-5-zonati, elnbel. ochraceo- carneoli, margine tenui, striatuli. MHymeniwm e poroso lamel- eric lamellulis ec ate 3; postice 5-6 mm. longis, orietg Sporae nondum obvi N.W.P. Mussoorie; on aiid wood, Chajuri Garden, D, 600 | fect, Gollan, 3. A distinct and interesting species allied to D. rsa Fries. he numerous closely imbricated pilei form a mass about nine inches long by five inches broad. Very rigid when dry. LYCOPERDACEAE, Lycoperdon lignicolum, Massee. Peridia wet os globulosa, furfuracea, one: vel straminea, 3-4 mm. lata, subiculo albido effuso en Gleba gossy pina ochraseusalaataes floccis gracias hyalinis, levibus. Sporae globosae, hyalinae, scabrae, 35 dia SaLANG Kuala Lumpur ; on dead oa Ridley, 166. ute peridia are gregarious on a int diffe broadly ies EXOBASIDIACEAE, Exobasidium Faweettii, Massee. Foliicolum ; folia infecta hypertrophica, crassiora, tortuosa, atque saepius bulbosa, violaceo-rubra vel rosea, demum farinulosa. asidia cylindracea, apic e obtuse rotundata, 3-4 sterigmatophora, 55-60 x fe cafe fusoideae vel sigmoideae, hyalinae, continuae, 15-16 x 4-45 p WEsT INDIES. So nape on ivi leaves of Lyonia jamaicensis, ). shee , W. Faw d to senate rhododendri, Cramer, neo si weit dis- tinguiches by the much larger spindle-shaped spore UREDINACEAE. Uredo satyrii, Massee. Maculae nullae vel vix manifestae. globosae vel ovatae, episporio pro ratione tenui undique dense minuteque verruculoso, subhyalinae, 24-27 p, vel 25-30 x 16-18 p, 218 OUTH AFRICA. Cape Colony ; on living leaves of Solar ae Swz., “destroying cultivated specimens,” Differs from Uredo orchidis, Wint., in the spore- stat ss. being arranged in irregular concentric rings, and in the colourless . spores, SPHAERIACEAE. Nectria theobromae, Massce. . Perithecia gregaria vel sparsa, superficialia, ovata, ievia, ee ae ge ees ostiolo minuto vix prominulo ne : 05 mm set cylindracei, stipitati, octospori, parap Pe sepiatae, aScos excedentes, hyalini, apice vix incrassato, inter re = uoso, du crasso. Sporae oblique monostichae, sireee § ellip abitloas, 1-septatae, ad septum subconstrictae, 28-30 x . WEST INDIES. Grenada; “on a ‘bleeding’ patch a bark of a cacao tree,” Howard. This appears to be one of the various species of parasitic fungi that form “bleeding” wounds in the bark of the cacao eit Nectria Bainii, Mazs., previously described as forming simi nds on cacao pods, differs from the present species in having ‘the perithecia shaggy with golden-yellow scale-like hairs. Phyllachora Dawei, Mussee. se lo phate, superficialia, oneness, bullata, yar rugulosa, 4-7 mm. diam subgl oe a, t 3 : fluentia, ania ‘Toaulifers: contextu indis sinote. Loculi — confluentes , difformes. Asci eile apice rotundato, eee attenuati, edicellat 80-100 11-12 p, octos pes raphysati. Sp obliquae, monostichae, iyalinae, ellipsoi sets utrinque ceaadan: continuae, 21-2 TROPICAL AFRICA, Buddu, Uganda Ant on living leaves of Ficus, sp., native name “K okanwe, ” ‘Dawe Allied to Phyllachora repens, Sacc., differ ring in the larger, irregularly scattered (not seriate) stromata, which aes drops of pitch sprinkled over the leaf, and the larger spores Dermatea mycophaga, Masse. Ascomata subsessilia, carnosa, aggregata, mox applanata, eps ferrugineo extus glabrato obscuro, 0:5 mm. di orae one monostichae, ellipsoideae, hyalinae, glabrae, eguttulatae, DX of Paraphyses ‘fili fo. runneae, STRAITS SETTLEMENTS. Bioeng on the stroma of an old _LXylaria, Ridley, 158. Densely gregarious ; remarkable for the peculiar habitat. HYPHOMYCETACEAE. -Graphium anomalum, Masses. Stroma verticale, e fibris conglutinatis com eRe des conidiiferis, Conia 0 -) x 15 », conidiophoris lateralibus en 219 GoLD Coast. Aburi; on dead herbaceous stem, Johnson, 2f2. Stromata fasciculate, departing from the type structure of .Graphium in having the conidia borne on lateral conidiophores. Gloeosporium pestis, Massee. Maculae epiphyllae, rarius amphigenae, congestae, nigro-brun- neae. Acervuli quoque amphigeni, dense gregarii, sub epidermide foliorum nidulantes, pulvinati, demum erumpentes, 150 » diam. Conidia ovato-oblonga, continua, hyalina, basi oblique apiculata, 18-20 “5 pe FrJt. On living Yam leaves, C. H. Knowles. much more severe. Last year (the driest on record for 22 years) only very few leaves were seen to be affected.” he entire upper surface of the leaf is often covered with blackish blotches resembling Gloeosporium musae, Mass., in habit and general appearance, but differing in the smaller spores. XXIX.—DIAGNOSES AFRICANAE: XXIL 920, Heliophila suleata, Conrath [Cruciferae] ; affinis H. suavis- simae, Burch., sed caulibus e collo pluricipite pluribus haud vel parce ramosis, foliis plerisque basi congestis longioribus. TRANSVAAL. Near Johannesburg, Conrath. (The same plant was collected by Dr.: Bolus in Bester’s Vlei, near Harrismith, Orange River Colony, at 5,400 ft., No. 8120.—Otto Stapf.) . 921. Heliophila Woodii, Conrath [Cruciferae]; affinis H. divari- catae, Banks ex DC., sed ramis nullis vel e basi erectis, foliis multo longioribus, floribus roseis duplo majoribus. . _ Herba annua, glabra, 30-40 em. alta. Cautlis erectus, simplex vel ramosus, ramis erectis superne angulatis ad vel ultra medium foliatis, _Fotia internodiis longiora, numerosa, linearia, plerumqu longe in basin attenuata, 1-5-5 cm. longa, 1-2 mm. lata, aceutiuscula. 220 Racemus laxus, tandem 7-12 cm. longus ; pedicelli 4-10 mm. longi, — a demum patule recurvi. Sepala oblonga, obtusa, 35-4 mm. longa, 1-1-5 mm. lata. Petala Aaa 2 -elliptica, basi cuneata, sree: rpurea, 6 mm. longa, 15 mm. lata. Siliquae anguste lineares, rectae vel ee et utringue, breviter wesgenes = pendulae vel patulae, 3°2-4°6 cm. longae, 7°5 mm. latae, valvis a earn ongitudinalibus delicatis nonnullis. Semina 15-20, 1 avar: “Te me ie near Durban, Conrath, No. 736. [The Same Species is represented at Kew Ad the fo llowing specimens: i Natal, in grassy places near Durb Wood, 146; Grant, J. Sanderson » 382: “* Kastern Provinics,” Bowker, n. 213. —Otto Stapf.) 922. Polanisia Hp aang ptovteia [Capparidaceae ]; affinis P. bois lata, Sond., sed differt us minoribus, staminibus 6, q 4 sterilia cman tip nie Papas curvatis, 2 fertilia dimen is. erba annua, ad 30 cm. alta, ere mere caule erecto supra basin ramis nonnullis virgatis aucto sulca Folia approximata, petiolata, trifoliolata ; foliola mabfllifieteia ged geen asperula, -24 mm. longa, 0°5-0-75 mm. lata ; petiolus 4-14 mm. longus; folia summa reducta, saepe simplicia, Racemi laxi, , elongati ; pedicelli tandem ad “8m mm. longi. Sepala lanceolata, cane utrinque sensim attenuata, 30 3 mm. longa, 2 mm. lata, nervoso- striata. Semina transverse argute-rugosa. TRANSVAAL. Near Pretoria, Conrath, 11. 923. Pavonia commu utata, Conrath [Malvaceae]; affinis P. clathratae, Mast., sed flori us minoribus, epicalyce calyceque brevioribus, carpellis anilee minoribus dorso angustis induratis minime alatis Serge spe ta ambitu cordato-ovata, profunde 5-vel superiora d-fida, segmento intermedio longiore uti caeteris utrinque 4-2- dentato, 2-4 em. c u ipue in nervis longus ; stipulae filifor vel paulo superantes, aan articulati. ssc tg phyla tuligeri subulata, circiter 15 mm i ens, stibtesnbransesus circa 7 mm. altus. Petala e epicalycem aequantia, lutescentia, rabroanfteal Carpella matura 5, 6-7 mm. longa, acute marginata, Seminad ik i 4 mm. longa, subacuta ta; testa tennuissime punctato- 221 TRANSVAAL, On hills near Pretoria, Conrath, 42, o this species are also referable the following specimens in we Kew sulleaton' :—Pretoria, J. W. C. Kirk; Boshveld, Elands river, Rehmann, 4938 ; stony and grassy hills near Potgieters Rust (Pietersburg Distr.), 1140 m., Bolus, 11024.—Otto Stapf. ] 924. Gymnosporia vacciniifolia, Conrath [Celastraceae] ; G. saxatili, Conrath (Ce foot ee Burch.) floribus frac busque e multo minoribus dis Fr ulex aedgehccnvenl ad - . m. ‘lie, ramis teretibus cinereo-fuscis ramulis valde abbreviatis. Folia in ‘brachycladiis fasciculata, oblonga vel obovato-oblonga, basi uneata, apice rotundata vel subemargina ata, 5-12 mm. longa, 2-3°5 renee lata, utrinque prominule nervosa, coriacea, glabra, obscure viridia; petiolus vix ullus. Cymae irra folia paulo excedentes : ; pedicelli 15-4 mm. longi, filiform Flores vix 4mm. diametro. Sepala ovata, obtusa, 0-5 rch as Petala ovato-oblonga, _ Seieeindaeree Capsula d-loba, depressa, rubra, 2°5-3°5 mm. diam TRANSVAAL, = si bush near Modderfontein, Conrath, 88. 925. Pappea fulva, Conrath $ [Sapindaceae]; affinis P. capensi Eckl. & Zeyh., sed ramis novellis foliisque laxe eae floribus minoribus, filamentis petala longe superantibus distin Arbuscula 3-4 m. alta,ramis cinereis, novellis rlboviemnti Folia congesta, simplicia, late-oblonga, apice rotundata, interdum subapiculata, basi i i a lite margine tite egra vel crenulata vel undulata, ad 6 c a bus utrinque 18-20 ¢ enarum reticulatione subtus prominentibus ; petiolus 5-10 m a acemt masculi ad 10°5 em. lon 2-15 em lati, graciles, fulvo-pubescentes ; pedicelli 2 mm, ongi. Calyx 5-fidus, cupularis, pubescens. Petala latissime rotundata, 0°5-0'7 mm. longa, basi transverse plicata. Discus tomentellus. Fila- menta 2-2°5 mm — Antherae 1mm. longae. Ovarii rudi- mentum tomentosum = he same e plan - ee at Kew by two specimens col Transvaal :-—No. 4007, fr org ei ob more P.ugandensis, a f., than P. capens may easily sega ea by the long edicelled (not subsessile) ¢ flowers. It will also have to be ¢ nis (ae Schinz, of of which there is no eieciioes at Kew This is, howeve escri as having glabrous petal dl (4 mm.) Risigesas Gea, Stapf.] : eT onger 222 926. Melolobium subspicatum, Conrath [Leguminosae]; affine M. Wilmsii, Harms, sed foliolis obtusis, floribus minoribus, calycis labio infero ad } tridentato dentibus angustis distinctum. Caules lignescentes, ad 35 em. longi, virgato-ramosi, adpresse pubescentes, deinde glabrati. Folia sparsa, parce pubescentia; foliola linearia, ad 20 mm. longa, 1-2 mm. lata, intermedium quam lateralia longius, ‘integra, obtusa; petiolus 5-6 mm. longus. Racemi terminales, laxi, ad 10 em. longi; pedicelli vix ulli, basi bracteati, apice bibracteolati. alyx tubulosus, bilabiatus, 5) mm. m 3-dentatum dentibus elongato-iriangularibus obtusiusculis. orolla e calyce breviter exserta; vexillum unguiculatum, exauriculatum, late ellipticum, obtusum, luteum, interdum roseo- uffusum ; alae vexillum aequantes, sursum curvatae, oblique ovato-oblongae, tenuiter unguiculatae, obtusae; carinae petala apice cohaerentia, late oblique ovata, rotundato-auriculata, obtusa, quam alae breviora. Antherae alternae majores. Stylus glaber ; stigma capitatum. Legumen oblongo-lanceolatum, basin versus attenuatum vel ad medium latissimum, sparse pubescens, 11-14 mm. longum, ad 3 mm. latum. TRANSVAAL. Irene, Conrath, 138. 927, Lotononis mucronata, Conrath [Leguminosae] ; affinis L. microphyliae, Harv., foliis longius petiolatis, stipulis majusculis, carina glabra diversa Herba basi lignosa, prostrato-adscendens, caulibus ad 35 em. longis, primo dense adpresse albo-pilosa, deinde glabrata. Folia trifoliolata; petiolus foliola aequans vel subbrevior, adpresse albo- pilosus ; foliola elliptico-oblonga, acuta, 2-5 mm. longa, primo subtus imprimis ad costam adpresse albo-pilosa, mox glabrata ; stipulae solitariae, foliolis similes nisi breviores et angustiores. 8 nisi latior, glabra, 8 mm. longa. Stylus glaber, incurvatus. Legumen oblongum, compressum, in sutura superne et ad styli persistentis basin parce pilosum, caeterum glabrum, 11 mm. longum, 3 mm. latum. TRANSVAAL.—Modderfontein, Conrath, 124. 928. Lotononis orthorrhiza, Conrath [Le inosae], affinis L. tenellae, B. & Z., sed calycis tubo fougices 5 ora rong a)s corolla magis pilosa, legumine calycem aequante praeter suturam glabro. Herba annua (7), radicibus verticaliter descendentibns ad 5 mm. crassis, caespitosa, caulibus numerosis prostrato-adscendentibus ramosissimis i t trifolioliolata ; petiolus gracili elliptica vel oblongo-lanceolata, acuta, supra glabra, subaequalia, mm. longa, 2-25 mm. lata; stipulae solitariae, lanceolatae, 223. foliosae, petiolo duplo breviores. Flores axillares, solitarii, bréviter pedicellati; bractea linearis. Calyx ultra medium 5-fidus, 7 mm. longus, segmentis lanceolatis acute acuminatis, antico angustiore. Corolla calycem paulo superans, pilosa, albida; vexillum ee lamina e basi subcordata ovata, acutum, 89 mm. lon alae vexillum aequantes, oblongae, obtusae, distincte aeiec carina vexillum aequans, oblique ovato-o , obtusa, auriculata, uste unguiculata. Ovarium superne longe-pilosum. Stylus longe See 2 ACR SDS ne esha mare dase aequans, oblique mueneos ovoideum, 8 u- Samictaho to ongo. TRANSVAAL. Modderfontein, Conrath, 121. 9. Lotononis macrosepala, Conrath Leguminosae]: deeeliy dis- tinctissima, quoad sectionem dubia § Leptis, a qua ver distat calycis structura - et fel deakunte densissimo argyreo- tomentoso. tota planta densissi me ST SARTO 1 alti. Foli 3-foliolata, saber longiora ; petiolus 4-10 m m, longus ee 0 ovaio-oblon a vel oblanceolato-oblonga, pabamicisin! longa, —! Pia lata, nervo mediano subtus crass caatties stipulae haies lanceolatae vel ee nepere ues acutae, 03-13 em. longae. Flores polite folio oppositi, brevissime (2 mm.) pedicellati. Calyx medium 5-fidu us, segmentis subaequalibus ‘lanceolatis nies pater s, 11-12 mm. longus, dem aulo auctus. Corolla calyce subbrevior, glabra; i in unguem qu i 0 mm. lon alae ewe etl pheee avin sie, unguiculatae, vix airionintne, 8 mm. longae oblique elliptico-oblonga, subobtusa, anguste angaienlate. ta, 6 aa longa. Ovariuvm tomentosum. Stylus uncinato-incurvatus. Legumen lanceolato-oblongum longum, (4-0-5 em. latum. Semina circiter 12, funiculis longis, 1-5 mm. diameiro. TRANSVAAL. Modderfontein, Conrath, 133. 930. Indigofera rostrata, Conrath [Legaminosae]; affinis J. lepto- carpae, Eckl. & Zeyh., sed foliolis majoribus, racemis longius pedunculatis distincta. erba perennis, pluricaulis, caulibus a_ basi virgato-ramosis ig ut tota planta dense pilis bifurcatis adpressis aspersis. vexillum ovatum, acutum, late-unguiculatum ; alae Vv Medea auriculatae ; carina alis brevior, apiculata, - Ovarium lineare, dense pilosum, pluriovulatum. — maturtm tenlee nutans. TRANSVAAL, Modderfontein, Conrath, bei 224 931. Rhynchosia oe Conrath (Leguminosae); affinis R. pilosae, Hays sed in ento copioso, foliorum nervis utrinque 8-9 (hau 5-6), racemis aa floris, floribus 1-0°5 cm. distantibus, S drctlis brevibus distincta, Caulis 1 m. altus, scandens, teres, dense patule eine Folia petiolo ad 3 em. longo ; foliola ovato- oblonga, minute apiculata, terminale basi rotundatum vel easy jateralia basi magis m. la longus, laterales 1 mm. longi ; cone subulatae, 3 mm. longae Racemi axillares, 2-4-flori, 8 cm. longi ; pedicelli filiformes, jane pubescentes, 2-3 mm, longi. Calyx 7 mm. longus, patule pilosus, tubo lato 2 mm longo, segmentis caudato-subulatis. Corolla ignota. Legumen oblongum, subincurvum, patule pilosum, mm. longum, 45-5 mm. latum. TRANSVAAL. Witpoortje, near Johannesburg, Conrath, 262. 932. Heteromorpha oo aie (Umbelliferae) ; affini arborescente, Cham echt., differt foliis gee disidoGie, sintllia iametro- es elon numerosioribus, involucro foliaceo 50-70 em. alta, glabra; caulis pallidus, farctus, superne sulcatus, simplex vel superne parce ramosus. Jolia glauca, intermedio 3-fido, summa integra. Umbellae terminalis radii 25-35, involucram phyllis foliaciis alte 2-3-fidis vel integris ad 1°5 cm. longis 2 mm. latis. Umbellulae radii 6-18 inaequilongi, 2-5 mm. fants ; involucellum phyllis foliaceis anguste lanceolatis integris 1-3 mm. longis. Sepala triangularia, acuta. Petala lutea. Meri- peek to —— ovato-oblonga, stylis divergentibus, stigmate thigiyake Modderfontein, Conrath, 328. (The same pet but with broader leaf-segments, was collected by Dr. Wilms near Pretoria on Rensburg’s Farm (no. 5636) and near Lydenburg, no, 563.—Otto Stapf.) 933. Vangueria setosa, Conrath [Rubiaceae]; affinis V. macro- calyci, Sond., a qua foliis lanceolatis parce hispidis, P doragite: longioribus, nage segmentis angustioribus minoribus diffe parce ramosus, 6-12 cm. altus, ramis demum glabratis teretibus inermib us. Folia subsessilia, pauca versus ramorum apices, oblonga, obtusiuscula vel subacuta, 8-7 cm. longa, 1-2-3 cm. lata, utrinque praecipue in nervis setulosa, setis flaves- ee pate subglabra ; stipulae lineari-subulatae, basi in aginulam connatae, breviter pedunculatae, pluriflorae, a em. Yengae? pedicelli setulosi, calyce paulo longiores; bracteae ovato-oblongae, obtusiusculac, Receptac ulum dense hispidulum vel subglabrum, 15-2 mm. longum. Calyz alte 5-fidus, segmentis 220 lineari-lanceolatis 4-5 mm. longis. Corolla viridi-lutescens, 1 mm. longa, tubo 4-44 mm. longo, lobis oblongo-triangulari- bus caudatis extus hispidulis vel glabris intus praeter basin parce barbatam glabris, Stylus antheras aequans ; stigma breviter cylindricum, medio paulo constrictum, suleatum: Fructus depresso-pyriformis, parce puberulus vel glaber, 15-17 mm. diametro. TRANSVAAL. Modderfontein, Conrath,339. Analmost glabrous state occurs along with the typical form. [This species is also represented at Kew by a specimen collected by Burtt Davy (No. 1475) near Krekemoor Station, Transvaal and another gathered by Holub in the Batlapin Territory, Bechuana Country.—Otto Stapf. ] 934, Helichrysum polyphyllum, Conrath [Compositae]; affinis H. cephaloideo (imprimis var. polycephalo), sed foliis brevioribus, capitulis minoribus, involucri bracteis obtusis extus longe pubes- centibus differt. Herba annua, e basi pluricaulis, 20-30 cm. alta; caules breviter ascendentes, erecti, simplices, usque ad capitulorum glomerulum terminalem dense foliati et uti folia adpresse sericeo-lanati. Folia basalia congesta, oblongo-elliptica, lanceolata, 12 mm. 5-6 mm. lata; caulina quam internodia longiora, oblongo-lance- olata e basi lata semiamplexicauli, subacuta, 10- 15-25 mm. lata, inferiora oblique erecta, superiora adpressa naceis. yntul glomerulus circa 10 mm. diametro ; capitula obovoidea, 5-6 mm. longa, phyllis 5-seriatis glabris infimis albo-luteis late oblongo- Ovatis obtusis superioribus luteis vel subfuscatis oblongis magis minusve acutis. Flores circiter 15, lutei, in receptaculo fimbriato. Pappi setae circiter 15, corolla paulo breviores, inferne breviter, Superne longius plumogae. TRANSVAAL. Modderfontein, Conrath, 444. 935. Wahlenbergia subnuda, Conrath [Campanulaceae] ; affinis W. virgatae, Engl., sed floribus multo minoribus. Herba perennis, pluricaulis, ad 25 em. alia, tota glabra ; caules infra medium et supra iterum furcati, erecti, obtuse angulati, ramis virgatis unifloris. Folia remota, squamiformia, triangularia Vel lanceolata, integra, 2-3 mm. longa, . lata. Flores erecti, pedicellis 3-5 em. longis suffulti. Receptaculum _elongato-obconi- cum, 3-35 mm. longum. Sepala triangularia, obtusiuscula, integra, 2-25 mm. longa. Corolla late infundibuliformis, ultra medium 5-fida, 5-6 mm. longa. Antherae corollae sinus paulo Superantes. Stylus superne incrassatus et parce puberulns, ad stigmatum bases utrinque glandula notatus, e corolla breviter exsertus. Oapsula elongato-obconica, 2 locularis. TRANSVAAL, Modderfontein, Conrath, 557. 936. Manulea limonioides, Conrath ; [Scrophulariaceae], a 7 obovata differt caulibus glabris glaucis, foliis praeter eae caulina ‘parva late linearia in rosulam congestis, corollae lobis brevioribus latioribus, ‘ : 32336 B 226 a perennis e collo crasso, Caules Bett, ad 70 cm. alti, ruinosam Folt -2 cm. distantes 0°5-1 longos itaciuin rhachin communem ad lineares, calyce breviores. Calyz alte divisus, > vix 2 mm. longus, segmentis linearibus vel lineari-oblongis obtusis minute parce glanduloso-asperulis. Corollae tubus tenuis, 3-5 mm. longus, glaber be Angiabers Fite patuli, inaequilongi, oblongi vel ovati, obtusi 1 mm, gi. tamina inclusa. Capsula oblonga, Splentata. glabra, 2° 53 mm. longa, 1°5 mm. lata. TRANSVAAL. Rietfontein near Johannesburg, Conrath, 979. 937. Loranthus glabriflorus, Conrath [Loranthaceae] ; ab affini BL. eeu? K. Mey., foliis breviter petiolatis, perianthiis g glaber- rimis a glaherrimus, in Acacia sp. parasiticus, ramis fuscis. Folia alterna vel opposita, breviter petiolata, oblongo-elliptica, vel oblongo-lanceolata, obtusiuscula, 2°5-3°5 cm. longa, 0°5-1:2 cm. lata, crassiuscula, nervis utrinque prominulis, haud glauca. Flores pauci Sater ey brevissime pedicellati ; bracteae breviter cupuli- formes. Calyx glaber, quam pedicellus longior ; dentes distincti, rotundati, tubum aequantes. Perianthium tubulosum, basi con- strictum, medio crassitudine ovarii, rubrum, 4—4°2 cm. longum, ad medium fissum, lobis 5 spatulatis 1-3-1:4 em. longis canaliculatis. Antherae 35 mm. longae. Stylus corollam paulo superans, sub apice yon 3 mm. longo ad 6 mm. incrassatus ; stigma rotundato- p a "TRANSVAAL. Near Witpoortje, Conrath, 331. 938. Ischaemum Franksae, Wood [Gramineae]; species dis- tinctissima, nulli arcte affinis, foliis angustissimis, spiculis parium singulorum fere aequalibus, glumis inferioribus exalatis dorso planis ad carinas et in nervis intracarinalibus tuberculatis. Gr compacte caespitosum, innovationibus intravaginalibus - sulinie | floriferis arcte congestis basi vaginis vetustis in nduratis ost ignes persistentibus vestitis. COulmi graciles, ad _e om ba [-3-nodi, glabri praeter internodium summum sub inflorescentiam albo-vel " griseo-pilosum, Foliorum vyaginae basales iateraliter compressae, carinatae, durae, pilosae, demum glabrescentes, diu persistentes, culmorum laxiusculae, superne angustatae, purpur- ascentes, pubescentes, praeter summum quam internodia longiores + glabrae nisi Erepe ae pi ilosae. Ra pale urpurasce entes, 2-3, erecti, 2°5-5 em. longi, breviter pedunculati, pedunculis cinereo- pilosis, peduneulo communi basi barbato et interdum bractea ad 15 em. longa eval suffulto; articuli clavato-triquetri, extus albo-pilosi, 4~6 mm. longi. Spiculae sessiles oblongo-lanceolatae, ’ 6-8 mm, longae; gluma inferior basi albo-barbata, 297 chartacea, dorso applanata, in carinis et nervis intracarinalibus plerisque tuberculato-aspera, tuberculis carinalibus pilos albos rigidos breves 1 vel 2 gerentibus, nervis a facie visis viridibus carinalibus snclgsis 8-9; gluma superior navicularis, inferiorem aequans, membranacea, d-nervis, carinata carina rigide-ciliata, marginibus ciltglate ; anthoecium inferum ¢, valva oblongo- lanceolata 5-6 mm, longa hyalin a purpurascente 3-nervi dorso minute asperula ciliolata, palea ,2-nervi hyalina valvam subae- quante; anthoecium superum ¢ valva apice minute 3-dentata dente intermedio mucronulato, caeterum athoedis inferiori simile. Antherae 4 mm. longae. Sp iculae pedicellatae pedicello clavato extus piloso ad 6 mm. longo suffultae, sessilibus similes nisi nervi umae_ inferioris ssctenaeeingtes tantum 3 et valva anthoecii superioris masculi vel hermaphroditi vix tridentata NATAL. ia eg 1800-2400 m., J. Wylie (Hb. Wood 10540). This grass has been named after Miss Franks, Assistant in the ment Herbatiam: § who dissected it and has made all the drawings and dissections in vol. V. of ‘Natal Plants,’ which volume includes grasses only. (Mr. Wood’s description has ae amplified from the excellent material which he was good enough to communicate to Kew. Eu-ischaemum, but I have not been able to make out its exact affinities —Otto Stapf.) 939. Agrostis suavis, Stapf (Grami ineae); arcte affinis A. ertanthae, Hack., sed panicula divaricato-effus sa a folio summo remota, ramis 4-5-natis semiverticillatis. Gramen perenne, laxe caespitosum, innovationibus mixtis, extravaginalibus e basi breviter ns gs ae ae vel in 8 clones ee Culmi erecti, ad culae basin pen cer ongae tes 4°5 em. longae), aires ad 2 mm. latae, laete virides, gl: api fal versus scaberulae, facie inter — catae. Panicula Pee wend ih obovata vel oblonga, ultra 0 ¢ lata; rami inferiores semiverticil- 5-39 iculae pitas wattage . ; rhachilla ad jlorum fasciculum vix im longum redacta. Glumae ad lanceolatae, acutae, ieneet ae Scariosae. Valva a latere visa anguste lanceolata, hag verso ria seth gen 3°5 mm. longa, breviter bifida, aera ervis a ibus in mucronulos excurrentibus, dorso laxe tenuissime : fa. enks infra medium aristam setiformem 5-6 mm. lon sae Palea hyalina, heeds, truncata quam valva paulo oe 228 Antherae non visae. COaryopsis lineari-oblonga, circa 1:3 mm. longa, 0°4 mm. lata. NataL. Van Reenen, 1500-1800 m., Wood, 8913. This differs from A. eriantha, Hack., a native of the Transvaal, solely in the habitus of the panicle. Mature specimens of A. XXX.—MISCELLANEOUS NOTES. Grey Squirrels —Kew is indebted to His Grace the Duke of Bedford for two pairs of American yrey squirrels, which have been placed in the grounds of Queen’s Cottage. Portrait of Dr. James Macfadyen.—The presentation to the Royal Gardens, by Mr. John James Macfadyen, of a portrait in oils of his father, the late Dr. James Macfadyen, forms an interesting addi- Memoir of Dr. Macfadyen, who was a correspondent of the late Sir William Hooker, appeared in the Proceedings of the Linnean p. 135 :-— “James Macfadyen, M.D., was a native of Glasgow, in which city his father was an eminent music-seller. He himself while a student of the University there, destined for the medical pro- fession, distinguished himself by his great love of natural history, more especially in the botanical class, and took his degree of M.D. about the year 1821 or 1822. He was on the point of practising as ocal government in Jamaica contemplated forming at Bath (in provide tor, he was again obliged, scarcely two years ago, to have recourse to his profession for a livelihood. He was most active 229 His kind and benevolent disposition endeared him to a large circle of friends, and his hospitality to strangers, especially naturalists visiting Jamaica, was almost proverbial. “Tn 1837 he printed, at Glasgow, and at his own expense, the first volume of his * Flora of Jamaica,’ which extended as far as the end of Leguminosae, following De Candolle’s arrangement. “Tt described in popular language the then known species of the island, and treated largely on the uses and properties of the native plants. Its limited sale and the arduous duties of his profession retarded the continuation till last year. A great portion of the second volume was actually printed in Jamaica, including a very considerable number of new species, when the further € Commercial and agricultural welfare of Jamai Owing to the “influence of domestic trouble, want of due appre- ciation of the value and nature of Botanic Gardens, or the need of strict economy,” the garden fell upon evil days, but was, however, maintained in a very reduced state until 1824, when a Committee was formed to inquire into the state of the Botanic Gardens, and asaresult of its deliberations it was decided to engage a botanist to Work up the vegetable economic resources of the island, and the appointment was made of Dr. Macfayden, who arrived in the island in 1825, : ppears have been the garden that Dr. Macfayden was to have formed ; t Proposal, however, was noi carried into execution. Dr. Macfayden was born in Glasgow in 1800, and died at Jamaica in 1850, plan of the Tesentations to Museums.—An interesting old Wentworth P; Botanic Gardens, Kew, from the Rev. F. J. Dickinson, Rectory, Isle of Ely. 230 Specimens of Odontopus sexpunctulatus, an insect which pollinates Welwitschia mirabilis. From Prof. H. H. W. Pearson, M.A., F.L.S., South African College, Cape Town. Portrait of Lord de Tabley as a young man. Presented by the Hon. Lady Leighton Warren, Tabley House, Knutsford. Stem of a giant suntlower, and specimens of deformed roots of a pear tree grown at Kew. From Mr. Pitt, Kew Green. Samples of Raphia wax and fibre from Madagascar. From the Editor, British Trade Journal. 1, Polystictus sanguineus. 2. Stems of Lapageria rosea twisted into rings; also used for basket-making. Temuco, Chili, from Mr. R. M. Middleton, F.L.S., Kew. West African Mahogany. Eight small samples, from Mr. James A. Weale, Bootle, Liverpool. Bamboo joint from a correspondent in Japan showing the manner in which the Japanese use the Bamboo as a natural mailing-case. Presented by Mr. C. G. Lloyd, Cincinnati, Ohio, U.S.A.. Rough and finished hay forks of the wood of “ Micocoulier” (Celtis australis), from the Riviera. The tree is cultivated for the purpose of making forks in this part of France, being pollarded and trained to the shape required. The wood is also much used for whip-handles and the fruit is eaten by the country people. hese specimens were presented by Mr. Kyllmann of Aniibes at the suggestion of Mr. J. F, Duthie, F.L.S. J. M. H. Triumfetta cordifolia—Numerous African specimens of fibre- yielding species of Triumfetta having been received recently for identification, it became necessary to re-examine the African material which had been referred to 7’ cordifolia and T’. semi- triloba, and the results are now given. and Perrottet’s Flora of Senegambia, p. 91, t. 18, from specimens collected in “ palm woods” at Cape Verde. With the exception of a brief note in Hooker's Niger Flora, p. 236, there is no further reference to 7’. cordifolia until 1868, when it was reduced by Masters (F1. Trop. Afr., Vol i., p. 257) to 7. semitriloba, Jacq., Welw., vol. i., p. 97), Schaumann. Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr., vol ©, p. 264), and De Wildeman (Ann, ‘its. oie oie 5, vol, i., p. 96) 3 231 Williams adopted the name 7. cordifolia in his Florula Gam- bicea (Bull. Herb. Boiss., sér. 2, vol. vii., 1907, p. 201), on the i i erb. K distinguishing characters. This note, however, has not been found, although two sheets in the Kew Herbarium (Gambia, ta y on some specimens and glabrous on others. In what follows, 7. cordifolia means the Species figured in the Flora of Senegambia, not the one described. Cseems probable that the material examined by Richard consisted of a mixture of two distinct species. of the leaves; and both pentamerous and hexamerous ib : ee Varieties may be distinguished, however, which, but for the existence of a few intermediates, might almost be regarded as distinct spacies. Typical 7’. cordifolia is characterized by unlobed leaves and by a sparse indumentum consisting mainly of small stellate hairs ; variety Hollandii by unlobed or three-lobed leaves, and by the presence on stem, leaves and flower-buds of numerous, long, simple hairs in addition to. small stellate ones; and variety tomentosa by three-lobed or almost five-lobed leaves, clothed with a fine dense stellate tomentum, rs from material is required, from different localities, and representing all Stages in the development of the plant, before the point ean b decided. The following conspectus of the varieties and forms is to be regarded, therefore, as provisional :— TRIUMFETTA CORDIFOLIA, Guill. et Perr. Fl. Seneg., t. 18 crete sensu amplif., non descr. '. semitriloba, Mast. in FI. he " Vol. i., p. 256, non Jacq. Z’. semitriloba, var. africana, K, Schum. in Engl. Pq, Ost-Afr., vol. C., p. 264. ; Var. a. TYPICA, Sprague, foliis indivisis, indumento sparso @ pilis parvis stallatis pleramane constante.— 7. gti Guill. et Perr Le. sensu restrict.; F. N. Williams in bu, Herb. Boiss., sér. 2, vol. vii., p. 201; Stapf in bat Liberia, vol. ii., p. 583, 1. angulata, Hook. f. in Niger Fl, » 200. . ‘ ilosi e- Forma 1. PILOSA Sprague, aculeis capsulae_p a in > gambia, Heudelot, 629, Gambia, Ingram, Boteler 232 Liberia, within six miles of Monrovia, Whyte. Lagos, Row- land. Cameroons, Preuss, 1356 (distributed as 7’. semitriloba, var. kamerunensis, K. Schum.). Forma 2. LRIACANTHA, Sprague, aculeis capsulae glabris. Sierra Leone, Taylor (Cole), E. Variety typica (both forms) is used as a fibre plant in Sierra Leone under the name ‘ Raka ’ (Racca). Var, 3. HOLLANDIIL, Sprague, foliis indivisis vel trilobis, ut caulibus et alabastris non solum minute stellato-pilosis sed etiam pilis longis simplicibus + hirsutis. Forma Ll. INDIVISA, Sprague, foliisindivisis. Lagos, Barter, 20.86; Epe, Millen, 5. §. Nigeria, Okimi, Holland, 170; Oloke Meji, Foster, 363. Gold Coast, near Axim, Cort De- velopment Syndicate, Forma 2. SUBTRILOBA, Spragne, foliis subtrilobis pilis simplicibus interdum minus obviis. Gold Cost, near Axim, Cort Development Syndicate. Fernando Po, Barter. Variety Hollandii is used ag a fibre plant in Lagos under the name ‘Ksura.’ It resembles 7’. pilosa, Roth, in habit, but may be istinguished by the less leafy inflorescence, the indumentum and 83 obvious mucros of the flower buds and the fewer and shorter 1 Var. y- TOMENTOSA, Sprague, foliis trilobis vel subquinque- lobis, indumento dengo e pilis minutis stellatis constante.— rs semitriloba, Hiern, Cat. Afr, Pl. Welw., vol i., p. 97, non acq. ao following specimens seem referable to var. tomentosa, seta their indumentum is looser and coarser :—Angola, eo a ee in the primitive woods of Sob. de gue elwitsch, 1497. w: : lit Welwitsch, 4648. ‘ 27; without precise locality, . ramet fomentosa is known in Angola under the native name ui and ropes, Sacks, &c., are made from the fibre of its etween the rivers Luachimo and Quihumbo, sm tae eee by the native name ‘ M’pum’ (Mar a es, 327) is Hani nen “phe < e cordifolia, var. tomentosa, T. semitriloba, ideas Jacq.” X+ 1892, p. 104 (St, Thomas, Moller), is 7’, rhom- 233 There remain a few specimens which are intermediate in character. Irving, 7 6, from Abeokuta, Lagos, has flower-buds hirsute with simple hairs, like var. Hollandii, but the indumentum of stem and leaves is that of var. typica ; and Johnson, 476, from the Aburi Hills, Gold Coast Colony, is intermediate between var. Holiandii and var. tomentosa ; a8 is also Bates, 79, from Batanga, Cameroons. habitat, accompanied by the preparation of a complete series of specimens illustrating all stages of development.—T, A. S. Botanical Magazine for May.—The plants figured are Tillandsia Blokii, Hort., x Philadelphus purpureo-maculatus, Lemoine, Puya violacea, Mez, Liparis tabularis, Rolfe and Prunus tomentosa, unb. The material from which the Tillandsia was figured was prepared was purchased from Messrs. James Veitch & Sons in 1905, The handsome Puya violacea is a Chilian species which 1847 that they appeared on a cultivated plant. That now figured Was presented to Kew by the late Mr. J. Anderson Henry, of Edinburgh, in 1879. It flowered in the Mexican House in June last year. Liparis tabularis is a somewhat ornamental Orchid with large sheathing leaves and large reddish purple flowers, and is a native of Penang. It flowered in April, 1906, in the collection of Mr. H. T. Pitt, of Stamford Hill, by whom a plant was presented to Kew. Prunus tomentosa is a dwarf- growing species native of the mountains of Northern and Western China and, according to Bretschneider, cultivated at Peking for its edible, cherry-like fruits. It has long been in cultivation at Kew, but only occasionally ripens a few fruits. It is, however, a very attractive early-flowering shrub. . M ! 7. ‘Biak’; an Opium Substitute—In the Kew age Pipe p. 199, there isa shies note on “ Anti-opium plants. ere heading Mitragyne speciosa, Korth., is referred to, as pagel Combretum sundaicum, Miq. The Mitragyne, however, Mala not as a remedy but as a substitute for opium (Ridley, y . Cc 32336 234 icati ; i, vol. . 78,1902, ommunication to the Pharmaceutical Journal, 1, ‘ 453, where it is inadvertently stated that the leaves of ae plant are used as a remedy for the opium habit, and in cons quence Mitragyne was included as an ‘anti-opium ’ plant. i | m this indigenous tree are sometimes used in Malaya as an opiu substitnte, In Perak its use appears to have declined ron owing to the introduction of cheap opium, but in Patani an other northern States it is reported to be much in vogue. The tree is known as ‘Poko Biak’ in Perak and as ‘Keton’ in Patani. Its geographical range embraces the whole Melane archipelago and peninsula, and it is widely distributed in Perak. It occurs in the jungle and is planted in the kampongs, and is frequently seen in and around villages, _ powder by rubbing between the hands, the fibrous ribs and veins of the leaves being removed during the process. The resulting powder may then be stored for future use . . . “The dose would be 136 grains, or, say, 21 drams apothecary’s weight. The powder is mixed with cold water in a cup and the whole drunk, ori an infusion is made with hot water and it is taken like tea. It is usual to take it twice a day, before meals. “The second method of preparatio before in the sun, then boil them in water infusion. This i be Some people just put it on th drink of water, “ The extract may also be smoked, somewhat in the same way pipe employed for this purpose is made of the bamboo known to the Malays as buloh minyak (Oxytenan- thera abigospet and is 14} inches long and 3 inch in diameter, a 1 18 applied to the mouth in use. Near the closed end a brass tub is inserted, which projects at right angles to the bamboo and is 1§ inches long, with a bore of + inch in Patani pattern, almost ex actly similar only the bowl, if it ' 235 The extract is prepared for smoking by mixing it intimately with the finely shredded leaves of the Palas palm (Licuala paludosa), cut in the same way, and with the same implements, as native- grown tobacco. This mixture, which is a sticky, fibrous, brown mass, is called madat. “A lamp on a tall foot completes the outfit. A specimen in the Perak Museum hag a wooden base in the form of a conventional- ized four-lobed flower, of 54 inches square and 1} inchesthick. The upper part consists of a piece of bamboo 28 inches in diameter, “The method of smoking is as follows : The smoker sits tailor- Wise on the floor, with the lamp in front of him. He then takes a small piece of the madat, rolls it with his fingers into a pellet the Size of the bore of the brass tube, into which he inserts it, then putting his mouth to the other end of the bamboo he brings the smoke of the burning pellet through the pipe. From twenty to thirty pellets are smoked at a time. “The effects of the drug, whether taken internally or smoked, are said to resemble those of opium, and in large doses it is poisonous, producing stupor. It is also said that users of it suffer from permanent enlargement of the abdomen. This is attributed, by some, to the indolent life which is induced by indulgence in the biak habit.” Up to the present time no poisonous alkaloid has been found in the plant, but the matter is still under investigation. The Malayan Anti-Opium Plant (Combretum sundaicum, Miq.).— In the Kéie Bulletin, 1907, p. 198, reference was made to the discovery of a plant in Malaya, which was reputed to be valuable 236 the mixture for a week or more in place of tea. After this _ it was found that all desire for opium smoking had been lost. Friends of the men were told of the discovery, and so the news Was spread and others were induced to try the remedy. i i the spread With regard to the further history of the plant and of the Sains of its properties, Mr. J. G. Alexander has been kind enough to furnish us with the following particulars ae ae i it e Th ung men of the Chinese Y.M.C.A., connected wi atk Ot the Rev. W. E. Horley, of the Methodist Episcopal h ound, a decoction of the leaves of a mire creeper (Combretum sundaicum) which grows abundantly in the tropical jungle. They brought the matter before Horley as pay all expenses on condition that the medicine was distributed without charge. In a few weeks the news of the cure spread quickly and after some four weeks, 500 applicants daily were supplied. An applicant brought with him two bottles, old brandy or whisky bottles which were filled with the decoction and into one taining it from the other bottle which contains none so that gradually the proportion of opium is reduced to nil. If he came a second time no opium was used. The somewhat crude method of preparation of the drug is given in detail by Mr, Wray in the artic] e. With regard to its chemical nature nothing has as _ yet been discovered either in the leaves or stem the decoction of the roasted drug which wou physiological value. Medical men seem to be strongly inclined to the view that the plant has no real value and that it is the effect on the mind of the opium consumer which helps him to overcome the opium habit. In favour of this latter view it appears that in Malaya many 0. 0 Wer ed have relapsed into the habit, though on the other hand many are still holding their ground after more than a year. In the Agricultural Bulletin o Mr. Ridley states that a les of ete ee ee ee Kew Bulletin, 1908, 1, Trssocx GRASs—Poq Litor "OSM, To face page 237 aod, ROYAL BOTANIC GARDENS, KEW. BULLETIN OF MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION, No. 6.] (1908. XXXI—THE SOUTHERN ISLANDS EXPEDITION. : bby advice of the Council of the Canterbury Philosophic Society, and appears to have met with considerable success, as will be seen from the following accounts :— Dr. L. COCKAYNE, Naturalist of the Expedition, communicated an account of the Islands to “ The Lyttelton Times,” of November 6th, 1907, part of which is here reproduced. “Rising ont of that vast expanse of stormy ocean which greater extent, but having many biological features in common with the above, Tierra del Fuego and South America west of the Andes as far north as and including the Chronos Archipelago, “ Now, although in the Northern Hemisphere, a fairly abundant vegetation of flowering plants exists beyond the Arctic Circle, the Antarctic. is practically without plani-life except seaweeds and a few mosses and lichens; the above-mentioned islands, though lying for the most part at the same distance from the equator = reat Britain, marking, with a few trifling exceptions, the southern limit of the higher plants. Still more remarkable is it 1375 W635 6/08 D&S 29 32551 238 and Marion Islands are equally adorned with the succulent, reddish masses of Opnssits moschata, and the tender green feathery-leaved Cotula plumosa equally delights the eye both on the Crozets and the Aucklands, while the huge cushions of that remarkable plant of the carrot family, Azorella Selago, defy the constant Antarctic gales of both Kerguelen Land and the Macquaries. Until quite recently it has been the habit to speak of the fauna and flora of the above islands as Antarctic, but this found at similar latitudes in the Northern Hemisphere. So far as the New Zealand subantarctic region is concerned, there are six groups of islands, of which the Aucklands are by far the largest. The following are their names, distances and direction from the South Cape of Stewart Island :— “The Snares, sixty miles 8.W. ; the Aucklands, 190 miles S. by W.; the Campbells, 330 miles §. by E.; the Antipodes, 490 miles E.S.E. ; the Bounty Islands, 490 miles E.; and the Macquaries, -W. by 8S. These latter have an anomalous position, as they belong politically to Tasmania, but biologically to. New Zealand. here the waves break over the jagged rocks was a countless host of fur seals, now, alas ! all hs With the decline of w interest in the islands would have ceased, had it not been for. the fact that their iron Coasts lay right in the trac ili Re. the Cape Horn route to Europe — © splendid ao oro Witnesses of frightful sufferings briefly touched on, cers ; n ie, th ‘are ri dee iat gcd seape from a most miserable they Possessed, “A > wes mended, with what makeshift tools 239 captain, Raynal, the mate, and one of the crew started out on what must have looked the most hopeless of forlorn hopes to brave the tempestuous two hundred miles of heaving waters separating them from Stewart Island, which place, marvellous to relate, they gained in safety, This most daring need roused the enthusiasm of Invercargill, whose people equipped the Flying cud and rescued the two sailors left behind. . “The case of Musgrave and his crew aroused the public from its apathy, so that first the Victorian Government steamer visited the islands in 1865, while three years later the brig Amhurst examined all our southern islands for castaways. Later on, the New Zealand Government erected huts and boatsheds, providing abundance of food, clothing and bedding in the former and a boat in each of the latter. Each year, too, one or more trips are made y the Hinemoa, the Tutanekai, or a man-of-war to the islands, and more than once the first-named vessel has returned with rescued mariners.” CAPT, DORRIEN SMITH who was a member of the Southern Islands expedition has kindly permitted his Report to appear in the Bulletin and has also supplied the photographs from which the illustrations have been taken. “The Lord Auckland Islands. —_ Lat. 49.50 8. “Nov. 26th, 1907. Long. 66.01 E. ‘As a member of the Sub-aniarctic Scientific Expedition, 1 left the Bluff, N.Z., with some two dozen other members, a 8:50 am. on November 14th, 1907. The Expedition which originated with the Canterbury Philosophie Society, a branch of the New Zealand Institute, was divided into two parties, half the D. Pearsoni, form the lower scrub f . island plant-life is the wonderful moss cushions, the sa AO orest appearing as if the whole was covered in stasary a jit Moss, but in reality these heaps are solid moss and liver whilst Sphagnum abounds in the bogs. “The Tree Ferns, Hemitelia Smithit, are pl Polypodiums, Aspidiums and other ferns too numerous 32551 entiful as well as to mention, AZ 240 distinguished from the vivid glossy green of the latter. On the edge of this serub, and along the cliff, grew the long sce Veronica elliptica and a plant which resembles foliage a vegetable marrow, but in reality is Stilbocarpa, the flower of which, although green and black, for , and 18 certainly worthy of a place ina garde ockayne whom [ have been with, and who is the chief Botanist on the expedition, has pronounced it a distinct species’ fro growing on Auckland Island and named it ho of the truculent, and charged down the steep slope towards the sea Seattering the party ri e ght and left, over which there was much Triment mingled with a certain amount of fear for he can bite to some purpose if he chances to get an opportunity. My main object in landing on this occasion was not so much to hunt plants ca rae many flightless birds, and this to me was of great as a much shorter Hobiny whish nee 8y to capture, but the Chatham Island . iat though tame could fly, and was just wary enough 241 in thick weather, in the evening, and steamed easily about 150 miles further South, to the Auckland Islands, which we made the ext i bout 5am., Nov. 16th, in thick drizzling weather and a moderate sea. Our first port of call was Port Ross, on the N.E. side of the island ; and at the head of it flew a dirty rag on a pole and presently the beach became alive with men. They and soon came with the news of the wreck, and four of the men themselves rowed off in the Government boat, to get more provisions from our vessel, ag they had nearly exhausted the store ashore. The four-masted barque, Dundonald, bound from Sydney to England, with grain, went ashore at 12.30 a.m. on March 7th, saved, and 12 drowned, including the captain and his son and das : successful and got a rope ashore, and another man came after him, and they together managed to work round the cliff, and gota line aboard to the rest of the crew who were all assembled on the foc’sle. By this time the vessel was in two halves and some had been washed out of it and drowned, including the captain, his son and the chief steward. Eventually 16 gotashore, including the old mate, who got the line ashore originally, but who afterwards died of exposure, and was buried on the island. The crew lived an obliged to return whence they came ; after six weeks and another boat had been constructed, three men set off and 242 crew across to the main island. Landing on the western side, and walking overland, the boat was then sailed around again to Port Ross and so all the survivors were safely accommodated, after six months’ fearful privations and suffering from col and r. Wood was available in plenty but they could only muster two matches between them. With these they lit a fire, and kept it going, bringing it to the mainland in an old tin. When we rescued them they all looked very fit and well, and had ? WwW ? oa mass of inlets penetrating Auckland proper. The western end of the strait is exceedingly . - The scenery is very fine, and the harbou magnificent. The hills rise abruptly to 2,000 feet. The Rata d ; to 600 feet. 10n of peat hags, and a fall off a Danthonia tussock means complete disappearance and much annoyance, But if this form of country is bad, perhaps the Suttonia scrub is worse, for matted : 2 together by the necessity of rotection from the Violent gales, it is about waist de —— example, it took four of us, two and a pial ours to drop down a hill from 700 feet to sea level, and the ¢ sence was scarcely'a mile Our camp was fixed ona promontory shed un arm of Camp Cove, where there was.a depéot mariner in th Which has been the home of many a shipwrecked er in the past, and no doubt will be again at no distant date, 243 forthe wrecks are numerous. Attached to the Expedition was a whale boat, manned by five Maoris, and by this means we established flying camps to the various bays and inlets of the am. This is a narrow, but deep inlet, anda boat is kept here for the use of shipwrecked crews. Close around the she grows side of us they rose to 1,400:feet. Close by was a waterfall which fell straight over the cliff, the water, however, never reaching the bottom in a flow, the wind scattering it and spindling it out into uw thin mist. Then far away north we saw.smoke and thought that the castaways had lit a fire. but our glasses revealed rar Streams, endeavouring to reach the sea, but the winds cast it = back and blew it up the island again. In the N.W. “$e Disappointment Island and the pinnacle rocks of the N.W. me of the Auckland Island. fter this astounding view, we a y of . é ; ill fe lentiful. Enderby in 1850, and cattle and goats are still fairly p We me Sa off a sandy beach, on which were some forty sea- to escape awaited the onslang a despatched, ‘The next entertainment was the capture of flightless 244 i i cing them on yr the purpose of taking them and introduéing Kapit anaes 4 Cook Strait. For this purpose woes L. ape and myself, with a photographer, set off with pe - Ree a boat to Ewing Island, about two miles om ke a soon captured, but it required a good deal o =v pe me oo ducks were first located among the boulders along ss a = presence of the boat sent them up the bank and it . Se land hunt, the birds generally disappearing down a rs hole. The island was also very interesting from a on re botanical point of view. The birds are, on all these ae: — remarkably tame. The pipits, rather lighter in —— ain English meadow pipit, the black and white robin, se artes seemed to constitute the land birds, The groun — oe combed with the holes of the various petrels, and oi aye large shag rookery on one of the headlands. These shag ssocks. Having ¢ e return and after collecting the rest of the party from Enderby pera ie steamed to a more favourable anchorage, close to the depdt whe the castaways were encam h point of view of the scientists had ever been on it, and it was entirely unexplored, both botanically and geologically. i was covered with Rata was soon dispelled, h was to be seen atall, We landed ina small and convenient rift in the rock, and saw up the hill a Poa littorosa, and a i i 1 was a kind of cradle made of crooked bits of sti ’ ch we identified ag constructed from the wood of oe ellipt ramework of the boat con- e the castaways by means o the main island and discovered the depéts in Port Ross. melent article on the wreck of the Dundonald with various photographs, including one of the boat built of branches of Veronica elliptica will be found in The Wide World Magazine, May, 1908, p. 179, 245 The canvas for the boat was obtained from one of the gails but had cut it up to make shirts and trousers. So with needles made out of birds’ bones and twine saved from the wreck, they laboriously sewed the canvas together, and after greasing it with seal oil, attached it to the rude framework. Whilst four of the men went to the scene of the wreck to fetch the body of the mate Peters, who had died from exposure, the scientists scoured the island, and visited the huts built by the castaways, in which they had lived six months. Built of peat and thatched with tussock grass, they made admirable shelters in which two or three men could sleep. For rugs the skins of the albatross and mollyhawk were adopted. The geologists here made important discoveries of ancient sedimentary rocks, thus adding another link to the already established theory of a great sub-antarctic continent, further proofs of which it was one of the main objects of the Expedition to discover. The geologists also made valuable collections of earthworms, woodlice, etc., identifying the same as identical with those of Kergulen and Fuegia. In a great measure also the plant life of the island goes to prove the existence of a sub- antarctic continent joined to that of New Zealand. The weather for these latitudes throughout the stay of the Expedition has been normal and perhaps finer than is usually the case. It has rained every day but never for the whole day, while the winds have been ‘ moderate to strong’ from N.W. to S.W. The nature of the country is boggy peat, the steep ascents and thick scrub making it very difficult to traverse, except above 1,000 feet, then the ground becomes stony. a stick ‘Unknown.’ The ceremony over we returned on board, and to-day the 29th, the morning broke clear and fine with an occasional shower and win . ‘moderate.’ The morning 1s being spent re-victualling the depot and in magnetic survey. We Sailed at 12 noon for the Bluff.” In “The New Zealand Times” for December 11th, 1907, DR. COCKAYNE gives the following account of the Snares, about which group less has been published than about the other islands :-— 246 which may assume such an intensity that only a favoured few possessing some peculiar advantage can subsist, Amongst. these refuge are the happy hunting ground of the biological collector. ory. covers much of these islands with a Sage-green mantle. It, like the rata, has a fan-spreading and prostrate trunk, which habit in a matter of much moment in a climate with fierce winds and a sour soil of peat. This tree is not peculiar to the Snares, but it is very rare, nevertheless, being found only on Ewing Island, of the Auckland group, together with a few trees at the end of the main Island. The matter is rather too intricate for discussion too, is a plant of the ivy family, which I am proposing to call after my esteemed friend, Captain J. Bollons, of the Hinemoa, tor ny years past has done much to advance New Zealand natural science. The plan e somewhat those of a fabs thick creeping stems, and it bears rather large, but by no means OWY, Masses of waxy greenish flowers. The genus Stilbocarpa, » 18 confined to our New Zealand sub-antarctic beet g tier regarding the Snares’ vegetation is that the distribution of the lenge pense by Sence of countless penguins and numerous ce, it is hardly going is constantly being manured by the birds, and that ck meadow is reser so far as and re: Ry Shee portions are alternately being destroyed other groups of the isl slender ha ae islands nam exdpcwaiionig ie resist wind and allow much vote 247 In the same journal Dr. Cockayne gives a few general notes on more remarkable plants and general vegetation of the southern islands, which are reproduced in conclu ra admiration even in one knowing nothing of plants or of re Perhaps the monarch of the gate tee is a majestic plant of the daisy family, belonging to a genus purely sub-antarctic, called Plevsrophoylin related to the asters, so well-known in gardens. The leav of great sles and are corrugated, - Their colour and general porte somewhat resembles a pale green velvet or plush. The plants, with their huge goblet-like form are striking enough, but when the beautiful purple flower-heads are raised high in the air, dozens at a time, and side by side, they become a glory. There are perhaps three other species of the same family ; one with silvery leaves Bi tinged with green and dotting the upland meadows as far as the eye can reach affords a charming spectacle. With this as sation plants are a buttercup with a aa flower, large out of all proportion to the mee of the plants ; Veronica with straggling branches and many blossoms. of Gi ainn rine blue; the prince of tree erst an e-nots—Myosotis capitata—its flowers a dark but most vivid blue ; gentians, their petals marked with puree lines or lilac, white and even crimson ; a Celmisia, which forms close mats of small stiff rosettes of glistening leaves, not ahilies highly polished greenstone and with flower heads the size of a shilling, purple in the middle and with pure white ray florets. Occasionally individuals may be met family with ipl fine orange-colour red blooms, densely set on a becomes still more worthy 0 paviiuest ion when numbers, they light up a Leh hillside. One Sega nie r ly of rocky shores. A bright green cushion plant of ‘hie pink fami y most dense habit grows on the coastal rocks of all the pate eI sub-antarctic islands, but is found nowhere else. A ta d han ' 'The most common plant association of the iesidead Islands— ‘it occurs in Campbell {sland also—is a meadow consisting of a ‘large tussock-grass called’ Danthonia bromoides, which pan one much in mind of the snow-grass meadows of the southern alps 0 ‘New Z ealand, But here. all resemblance one ‘Burn the 248 too, it is mixed with certain shrubs which grow with interlaced branches, and the presence of these in conjunction with the boggy nature of the ground and the many hollows it contains makes progress through such a meadow a quite laborious business. “Between the tussock and the forest is the scrub, a plant- association of astounding density, which character is furnished chiefly by the shrub before-mentioned with wiry interlacing branches of Suttonia divaricata. You can walk on its top, you can roll over it, but usually you can no more burst through it than through a thick gorse hedge. roots and subsisting on its own dead remains. So do the Danthonia and Poa grasses build up trunks, and some of the smaller plants cushions. Everywhere is a soil of peat. Even on the faces of the perpendicular cliffs several feet of peat may have accumulated and become occupied by two species of ferns with thick and dark-green leaves. “Ferns, as elsewhere in the New Zealand biological area, are a feature of the sub-antarctic islands. Delicate translucent filmy ferns abound in the rata forest, and even form colonies many yards in extent on the wet upland meadows. The commonest fern, Polystichum vestitum, contrary to its usual habit, has frequently a stout trunk. More interesting is the fact, that in the “The scenery of the sub-aniarctic islands as a whole exhibits both Nears and grandeur. Buffeted continually by the waves of white-creste ves were visible rae hg —— ge of rocks at the cliff’s base, and yet the thunder waterfall fell i: continually burst the ear ear a e ; g silver over the cliff, only to be ‘as ae ae like spray, nor ever reached its rag sea. nes a 1 rae to the west lay Disappointment Island, that Dacia ree e-of spots where the shipwrecked crew of the N ~~ heroically faced privation and finally conquered ature in her most adverse mood. few Bulletin, 1908. we ff; e® 3, ProsrratE ‘Rata '—Metrosideros lucida. To face page 248. Kew Bulletin, 1908. 4, DISAPPOINTMENT ISLAND, ote 5, Stilhocarpa: polaris, 10 face page 249 249 “Carnley Harbour shows scenes of a more peaceful beauty, though when meee waters are lashed by the furious winds and the roar of stor. _ is ever y Wuere, while grey mists sweep over the i Bit locken waters glistening in the sunshine, the brown hills, and the forest of varied greens, the aspect is truly beautiful, and may well challenge Soli phelae with the lakes of Scotland,” EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES. }, Tussock grass (Poa litoresa) with Olearia Ly sels in the background. Dr. Cockayne is standing on the left of the tussocks, A sea shore meadow shewing Chee at: pate cr atta: with a foregronnd of Tijuaivein latifolium on ‘the le some leaves of Stilbocarpa polaris, on the right Ligusticum with Poa a folio Osa 3. Prostrate ‘ rata’ (Metn posited Tucida) on Anokiand Island. Disappointment Island s wing t the huts men by the castaways. The N.W. Cape of Aucklan a idaat in the dista In the foreground plants of Bulbinella yo 5. Stilbocarpa polaris, The photographs were taken by Capt. A. A. Dorrien-Smith. he & XXXII.—DECADES -KEWENSES PLANTARUM NOVARUM IN HERBARIO HortTI Recit CoNSsER- VATARUM. DECAS L. “490, Te a Sprague, gen. nov. [Tiliaceae~Brown- lowieae] ; — nis Christianae, DC., a qua carpellis fructus connatis differ Flores uni pee ut videtur monoici, masculi tantum visi. oa yx campanulatus, ae batus, pete 5, imbricata. Slamina l-sperm valvis in apicibus carpophori stellati suspensis. Endon sper rolicurk carnosum, imbryo cotyledonibus foliaceis, radicula exse Jpg Asterophorum eburneum, Sprague (species ot es Arbor subramosa, 4°5 m. alta (teste Spruce). Rami striolati, primum stellato-pubescentes, mox glabrescentes. Folia o oblengo- ovata, basi rotundata vel egg apice obtusiuscule acumina 29 6-10 ] trinque satis inconspicue c lon, a subtiliter retieula rts nervis stellato - pubescentia ve uberula, ceterum g entia, subtus minute puberula et lepidota ; nervi laterales utringue 8-10; petioli 3: cm. ongi. Stipulae subulatae, 1-5 mm. longae, eaducae. Pedunculi 55-65 em. longi, ramis circit Flores masculi in apicibus ramo . t tell: d ito idei 15-2 longis. omentellus, intra glaber, lobis deltoideis 1*d-2 Petala oblanceolata, rotundata, 7 mm. longa, 2-2 5m mim, lata, 250 d-angulata, apice leviter depressa, 1°5-2°3 em. longa, 17-2 cm. diametro, extra dense stellato-pubescens, endocarpio crustaceo | fulvo nitidulo tandem soluto. Semina ovoideo-globosa, cinerea, ; brunneo-variegata, 6-7 mm. diametro. Eovapor. Chonana near-Gaayaquil, Spruce, 6260. Speirostyla, Baker (Sterculiaceae), is identical with Christiana, and S. tiliaefolia, Baker, is Christiana madagascariensis, Baill. Both authors, indeed, quote Hildebrandt, 3262, as a type specimen. Baker (Journ. Linn. Soc. vol. xxv., p. 299), when describing Speirostyla, wrote “This seems to have quite as good a right to be placed in Tiliaceae as in Sterculiaceae,” and Schum quently placed it in Tiliaceae beside Christiana, from which he i i E ll., pars. 3, t. 25, and Journ. Lin .. Ve. say. -t. 2D Baillon, Hist. Pl. Madag. ¢. 81 is an excellent figure. The description and fi f Speirostyla are somewhat misleading, 492. Derris Hanceii, Hemsl. [Leguminosae-Dalbergieae], in t. Mag. ad tab, 8008, absque descriptione plena et habitatione ; species D. oblongae, Benth., similis, ab ea tamen foliolis paucioribus et calyce extra glabro differt. . Prater scandens, fere undique glaber, Folia graciliter petiolata, 9-9-foliolata ; foliola petiolulata, tennia, oblongo-obovata, 5-7 em. longa, obtusa, subtus pallidiora, venis issi m Hores’ b _valyx fere truncatus, intus pubescens. bi unguiculata ; vexillum complicatum, lamina basi bigristata eer ae apice ciliolatae. QOvarium hirsutum, 2-ovulatum ; stylo- ; mina aequans, Legumen (immaturum tantum visum) planum, © circiter 4 cm. longum, coriaceum, glabrum, monospermum (an. pa : ma utringue attenuatum, apice utum, suturis mee el is,— Dervis oblonga, Hance in Journ. Bot, 1879, p. 10, 251 CHINA. Kwangtung; among rocks on the muddy banks of. the Canton River, 7’. ‘Sampson ; Shing-hing _— West River, . For * 493. Philadephia madrensis, Hemsl. rSasciteaphbonasEEyaiah. geae]; species P. microphyllo proxima, differt ramulis floriferis isnt foliis subtus sists ri foo: apiculatis, floribus minoribus et calyce extra dense tomentos -Frutexr ramis meet egg? valde elongatis rubris strieis was pilosulis apice 1-3-floris. Folia subsessilia, tenuia, ovata, 0-3°5 em. lo His ait coieaiata, basi bit ate semper integra, pian: subtus dense A ERAE io alba, supra parce ame toh demum glabrescentia, in axillis coma densa pilorum breviu alborum instructa. Flores febzaneid:” éireita, 2-5 Ge ei aaastee saepius solitarii, previter pedi icellati. Calyx extra intusque hirsutus ; lobi crassi, ovati, circiter 0°5 cm. longi, apiculato- acuminati. Petala alba, ovata, 1 em. longa, apice period basi lata. Stamina circiter "32, inaequalia, net Bets ra 6-7 m onga, filamentis in phalanges 4 plus ve connatis. Otieenins apice glabrum vel pilis paucissimis instractam ; : ev uae ad medium teh mexicanus, Seem. . Herald, p. 294, et.— Hemsl. in Biol. Centr. Am., hake pap i, Ra 384, one parte, non Schlecht, ‘MEXICO. Sierra Madre, Durango, Seemann, 2167. 494, Begonia (Knesebeckia) dichroa, Sprague [Begoniaceae] ; species me nullae adhue cognitae abatin ae floribus femineis bicolor Planta a oe pilis minutis moniliformibus glanduioeis in innovationes et inflorescentiam adspersis exce a — _jnvenilis rhomboideo-elliptica, euinivorsdant, acuminata, 10-12 longa, 5-5°5 cm. lata, albo-maculata folia in planta adulta aah anthesi incipiente Siw easipitis Girakane Biatibel apice longe acute erect basi valde obliqua, deoniggseese' 8-nervia, superne nervis utrinque 3-4 penninervia, 22 cm. longa, 9-11 cm. lata, margine leviter undulata, supra saturate saivials, nitidula, subtus pallida; petioli 2-25 em. longi. Stipulae ovatae, — acute acumin natae, 2°5 em. longae, 15 cm. latae. eee ae : em. longus, dichasium gradus quarti gerens, flori us culis terminalibus, femineis axillaribus. Bracteae oy tetinnth, m statu explanata ovatae, obtusae, 1-1°5 cm. longae, 0°8—1 cm. latae ut Soe tg coccineo-tinctae. lores masculi peti, cireiter m. longis. Perianthii segmenta 4, coccinea, 2 ex obeyitn: obtusa, 2°3 cm. longa, 1*9 em. lata, 2 interiora ialintooit, rotun undata, 1:2 em. longa, 4°5 mm. lata. — in toro convexo antheris sti 15 mm. longis, loculis versus basin sinecreantibnss Flore: Jeminei. sessiles vel breviter pedicellati. Perianthi sogenente coccinea, 5, quorum 2 exteriora late obovata, obtusa, 14 mm. longa, - 11 mm. lata, intimum oblongum, rotundatum, 7-3 mm. longum, Dy. vix 4 mm, latum, cetera 2 intermedia. Ovariwm 3-loculare, 15 em. longum, album, alis 6-7 mm. latis, ee bipartitis srt ovuliferis, Styli basi brevissime connati, 3-3°5 ongi, 252 bifurcati, ramis vix ultra 1 mm. longis in helicem sesquicyclicam tortis, sae externe infra furcam continuis ramos spiraliter tibus ascenden BRAZIL. Hescetbod from fresh material communicated by Messrs. Haage & Schmidt, Erfurt. Very similar in habit to B. MEE NSS Radi, hich belongs, however, to a different section of the genus, in which the two gS of the placenta bear ovules on their gh oo only. The two species look remarkably alike when not in flower, the most spreae difference being that t the leaves of B. "Gilihon are considerably less oblique than those of B. maculata. 495. Pedicularis Komarowii, Bunati [Scrophulariaceae- Sop sieae]; species sectionis Myriophyllarum, « binariae, Maxi i la differt scap i ii bum aequantibus, rostro erecto sb inferiorem galeae paralleliter sequente et filamentis glabris Radix turbinata. Scapi multi, erecti, 8-15 cm. alti, plus minusve ramosi, ramis brevibus eylindricis glabris vel ad super- iorem partem linealiter e seh petioli pilosis. Folia radicalia ani ina opposita, ss -_ petiolata (circa 10-1 mm.); limbus ae ed Me 1-4 cm. longus, pinnatisectus ; lobi 6-8-jugi, lineato-acuti, sve cle ieumas distantes, sessiles, basi late decurrentes. Bracteae Se, asi membranaceae, dilatatae, dexiiatasie sicanlan me foliiformes, superiores fere urpur nee ‘yeaa unculati (pedun- culis 3-4 mm. longis glabris), in vertcillo os basi gooet tei summo 9 Fa Seg: conjuncti. Calyx campanula nt n fissus ; ongus, membranaceus, albidus, eek astank (nervis pas ance haud a in sulecis margineque villosus, SEO profunde 5-den i, i rali min \ mm. 4 ngo ac lato cucullato non iis i a pas SPs lobis dense margine ciliatis. Filamenta glabra, Capsula ac semina non visa. CENTRAL ASIA, A beriis locality, roaiesteed 1893. qi 496. Pedicularis sieae]; species sectionis Beste praeci ,foliis radicalibus; P. vaganti, Hemsl., paulo affinis, ab ila gon scapo erecto nudo, rostro nullo, galeae margine ciliata, et Radix verticalis cum fibris filifo ornib, uni vel pluricaulis. Seapi glabri, a erecti, 15-30 cm. alti, nudi, vel vix folia raged bracteiformia amplissima, 20- longa (petiolis 5-9 cm.), pinnatissecta, ey 7-9-jugis ; lobi hikes se distantes, het a pia pinnatifidi, 35 mm, longi, 10-15 mm, lati, sessiles, basi decurrentes, 253 Bracteae inferiores foliiformes, 2°3 cm. longae, pe bch niente lobis serratis. Flores 12-15 in pies Pai minal conjuncti, fere sessiles, lutei. Calyx glaber; tubus "5-6 longus, ante non fissus, nervis 5 emin Helitibus dentibus 5 parvulis 1 mm. longis integris filiformibus. Corolla 20-28 mm. longa ; tubus erectus, glaber, calycem 3- 4-plo superans ; galea tubo duplo brevior, galeae P. tristis, L., similis, ante tamen paulo fissa, solum margine pilis albis ciliata ; labium inferius breve (5-6 mm.) os oa againty peppery: lobis fere aequalibus, medio emarginato, e dense ciliatis. Stamina corollae basi inserta, Aininontie Jackin villosis. Capsula ac semina non visa. WESTERN CHINA. Mont Omi, Wilson, 5080, 4550. 497. Pedicularis gasieridie: Bonati Sete ph pleriaeeemara sieae]; species P. Petitmenginii mihi affinis; ab illa differt pedunculis multo longioribus rigidioribus, Aiakes eroais, labio ciliato, scapis fistulosis erectis, etc. Scapus erectus vel adscendens, circa 40 cm. altus, crassus, fistulosus, plus minusve 9 eRe pilis albis brevibus ac crispis in sulcis praeditus. Folia caulina alterna, petiolata alan 1-2 cm. longis) ; limbus pesca bape pees 4-10 cm. longus, pinna tisectus, lobis 16-20 distantibus sessilibus basi decurrentibus a . i itis. f omnes axillares, longissime pedunculati; pedunculis glabris erectis folia ape ntibus. Calyx villosus, ante fissus, subspatha- ceus; tubus 5-7 mm. longus, nervis eminentibus, longe a (5 mm.), deals lateralibus basi filiformibus summo foliace medio paulo m minore longius stipitato, summo deltoideo ee ficialiter inciso. Corolla alba vel flavescens ; tubus rectus, calycem vix superans; galea ac rostrum sicut spu . tortam, Maxim ; labium inferius 1 em. longum, profunde trifidum, lobis or rbicularibus subaequalibus margine ciliatis. Stamina fauce inserta ; filamentis omnibus villosis “Ca sula? WESTERN Onis, Without locality, Wilson, 4257 a. 498. Sanchezia parvibracteata, pera et aa [Acan- thaceae] ; affinis S. nodili, Hook. f., a petiolis exalatis, bracteis minoribus, fori pro bractea giicatne et staciingdile long- ioribus di fer Planta elt pauciramosa, agen nines circiter 1 m. ~_ Rami obtuse tetragoni, fere 1 cm. diametro, purpurei, internodils 3-5 em. longis. Folia Sia gocllintae 12-24 em. longa, 5-11 cm. oie apice longiuscule acuminata, acuta vel “obinsa, b basi _— "domaine denticulis 5-10 mm. distantibus, venis ascenden- ibus utri 13-16 ut costa albidis — subrectis superioribus earealis etiolo usque a cm. g stein tantum vix siti 22 gigi circiter 18 cm. longa, eae 2 em. longae et 1°5 em. latae, 3-5-florae. Bracteolae obovato- cm. inaequalia, oblonga, obtusa, 2-2°5 em. longa, 4— ciliolata, intus ce beanies et bracteolae ta,5-53 om Cero pilosa. Corolla tubulosa, in basin angustata, 5—-5°3 em. longa, : B 32551 a> 204 extra superne minute iene fauce 5 mm. diametro, lobis reflexis oblongis 5-7 m s 3-4 mm. latis ciliolatis breviter bifidis. Stamina 1 “13 ¢ =e oa ef corollae basin inserta, filamentis 59-6 cm. longis sparse villosis, antheris 6-7 mm. longis hirsutis. Staminodia 3-3-3 cm. eee a, apice cae ena sparse villosa. Discus 2 mm. altus. Ovarium 4-5 mm. longum, 3 mm. diametro, glabrum ; Bxue circiter 1 an. fowgue 3 Bite Ss minute puberulus ; ovula 4-3 pro loeulo. : TROPICAL ee Described from a.plant cultivated at Kew, which was received from the Royal Botanic Gardens, Peradeniya, in 1905. 499. Pog ostemon Contain) Championii, Prain [Labiatae- Satur reineae] species P. pubescenti, Benth., quam maxime affinis, ork taeserag Pi haud subsecundis aliisque notis satis differt. tex suberectus, parce ramosus. Caules ramique graciles, distincte sed obtuse 4-goni, parcius pubescentes. Folia ramisque opposita, decussata, membranacea, Ovatc-lanceolata, acuminata, basi ea supra praesertim secus nervos sparse appresse pubescentia, subtus Secus Nervos sparse appresse pubescentia ceterum glabra, 6-8 cm. longa, 2-5-4 em. lata ; _petioli 1- 1: 20 cm. longi, parce appresse pubes- C pedunculatas 1°5-3°5 em . longas, 1 em. latas ageregati, pedunzulis appresse pubescentibus 5 mm. longis ; Spicae laxius ad apices im i longae, calyce breviores. Calyr anguste campanulatus, 4 mm. longus, extra pubescens , lobis triangulis acutis wi Sart Nee: triplo brevioribus. Doreta pallide purpurea, 7. onga, margine loborum parce ciliato-pubescente excepto olabra, lobis subaequalibus. Filamenta subadscendentia, barbata. Styli rami subaequales, 1°5 mm. “i ngi. Nuculae late ovoideae, glabrae.—P. seipbinwgs Benth. in Fl, Hon ngk., p. 275; Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc., Xxvi., p. 276, nee 4 in Wall. Cat. Lith. n. “153. Cin, Hong K on pioant Parker, Champion, 339. osanus, Oliv. ,a native of Formosa, blance to P. parviflorus itis dl closely anied te i oh proper, though it ig undoubte y very +P. 152, a plant from Upper jaatien though even then not oe F fase “wo by Sir J. D. Hooker in the Flora of British 4 ‘ git “ rodr. xii., p. 152, a species which e. parviflorus i in the Flora of. sate = India, i Po 7 — (Paniculata) Mapu, ess HOST OnE tamen paullc Champion + qua affinis, bracteis Stuffrut ss majoribns, foliieqne Bare sae satis differt Be ata rele ims ramosus 075-1 m. altus. Caules ramique Folia iad ure 4-goni, oe penis pubescentes. acuminata, feat pr decussata, herbacea, ov vata, acuta vel serrata, supra cuneata, margine basi leskaiees excepto duplicato- oe eet nervos sparse appresse pubescentia, 2955 subtus se nervos sparse ee hispida ceterum glabra, -§ cm. longa, 3-5 cm. lata; petioli 1:5-2°5 em. longi, sparse appresse hispid Verticilasirés in spicas simplices vel parce ramosas plus minusve interruptas pedunculatas 1:5-4°5 em. longas, 1 em. latas aggregati, verticillastris inferioribus 6 mm. .superioribus 1-2 mm. remotis, pedunculis appresse eine 0-2 ¢ longis; spicae ad a apices ramorum laxe paniculatae ; becsehaes Ovatae vel ovato-lanceolatae, see felincons, majores 5 mm. glabra, lobis subaequalibus. Filamenta Paces subadscendentia, | lae | barbata. Styli rami subaequales, 1:5 mm. longi. Nuculae late ovoideae, glabrae.— P. parviflorus var. hispid, rene C. Prodr. xii., p. 152. P. glaber, Hook. f. in Flo Sale ag p. 633 partim, nec Benth. P. glaber, var. estiesontik "Hook in Herb ae ASS Webs Assam, Jenkins (type of P. parviflorus var. Rois Benth.; flowering FED) s Jenkins 346 ie spp-) Khasia Hills; Hooker & Thomson. Jaintea Hills; Jowai, Hooker & er toa shad sete King’s oS Nectar more closely than it does cither of the species mentioned, but is readily distinguished by its serrate, not crenate leaf-margins. XXXIII—GUAYULE RUBBER. or Foreign Affairs, it would appear that the commercial asta of the Guayule plant will ces shortly be a thing of € past. es MAJESTY’s MINISTER, MEXICO, TO THE SECRETARY OF STATE FOR FOREIGN AFFAIRS. Mexico. Sir, May 19th, 1908. TH reference to my Despatch of this Series No. 52 of Wit December 8rd, 1906, and to later Despatches on the subject of Guayule (rubber) in ’ Mexico, I have the tated - a that an 8 of guayule now in existence, either standing in its native Soil, or at the plants, or on the way to the a for extraction. 32551 B2 256 “This scarcity has become so marked that the most remote Ps or disteicts are now being scoured and searched for the plant, and what appears to be the last place where the ee be found in any quantity, the Bolson de Mapimi district, is eing thoronghly gone over and the guayule gathered and delivere under contract to the Continental Rubber Company of Mexico. “This district, which lies between the Sierra Mojada and Torreon, is practically the last remaining district where there is bichon in any considerable quantity, all the other sections having nic pretty well cleaned up and the remainder of the 400,000 tons long since been purchased by the various extracting companies a prices ranging from $25 to $75 per ton (£2 10s. to £7 10s.). “The purchases at the lower prices were made before the land- owners realized the value of the shrub, or entertained the slightest suspicion that the plant would not reproduce itself in a very short time. “Whether this can be successfully done or not remains to be seen, and has never, so far ag I know, been attempted “In this grafting, however, is the only hope for the future of the guayule industry, as it is said the opinion of eminent botanists in the United States has been that the plants of two feet in height now being extracted have required seventy years for their growth. the end of the industry will come when the present supply of guayule is exhausted. The mills will then be turned to some other use and the machinery dismantled or turned to the extraction of fibre or other Similar uses, “ The flora of Mexico is, however, so varied, interesting, and 80 entirely unknown, that the untiring work of the chemist is likely at any time to discover possibilities in some of these plants that ‘ule industry appear of trifling significance.” I have ete., (Signed) Rrea@rnatp TOWER. NEES seca ee 257 XXXIV.—DIAGNOSES AFRICANAE;: XXIII. Erratum.—In Diagnoses Africanae, XXII., Kew Bulletin, No. 5, . 219, for 920, read 920 (bi 8). 940. Triplochiton utile, Seeague [Sterculiaceae]; a ceteris speciebus foliolis integris recedit Arbor magna. eee unicus visus subangulatus, atl lepidotus, 3-5 spires ro. tolia integra, poeong 15 oe m. la an cnn salids visa, nervo medio cuto prominente, énbitus corpus fructus plano-convexum, ceymbiforme, 2°5-3 cm. longum, 12-15 cm. latum, facie ventrali peat poe the costato, costa superne secundum alam producta; ala 7-8 em. longa, medio circiter 3 cm. lata, margine superiore sober” “tabdeloes convexe arcuato in basin corporis angustato. Sem angulo superiore pendulum, circiter 2°5 em. longum, 1:2 em. iain te testa papyracea, hilo sublineari ohinte angustato 6-7 mm. longo, gute: ben ee Endospermium super radiculam i pages 3 ongam involvens, ceterum bi acibatins segment 2 BENG Sin veeR Coty- ledones foliaceae, nervosae, endospermio seitionbhe et aequilatae apice seminis excepto. West Tropican AFRICA. Gold Coast; Hunisu, H. N. oo es 8 potion of T. utile vist scahiide a little doubtful; the fruit, Wwever, agrees fairly. ‘wall with that of Triplochiton, and the diffrence in the leaves is no greater — found among the Species of Sterculia. Native name “ Nyan gin Portas echo Senter a Sprague “fares affinis f e, pra a qua foliolis pluries minoribus supra tie: reticutatig freeibas perfectius cylindricis recedit. magna. Ramulus unicus es Sdsited yee acute foliola 15-3 cm. distantia, petiolulis 1-2 mm. Tinga oblique oblonga, latere superiore majore, 4°5-9 cm. longa, 2°5-4 cm. lata, } ald * : . . conspicuis quam in idetale venenae ; nervi laterales utrinque 7-9 satis obliquis. Capsula matu ‘ : rotundate 13-16 ¢ ah longa, valvis lenticellosis as Pe 23 em, latis, intus “nitidulis colore obscuriore variegatis se 258 impressionibus distincte notatis tandem in laminas rs eee tibus; columna centralis circiter 2 em. su ipra semina suprem | produta basi obtusissima. Semina 4-6 pro loculo, per rfecta non ran TROPICAL AFRICA. Gold Coast, near Mansu and Supom, H. N. Thompson, 16. Timber eiportsd to Europe as “ West seen Cedar,” according to Mr. Thompson. Native name “ Penkw 942. ee “oct Hutchinson eguiinome \denantherae] ; affinis_Y. african e, Harm 8, sed — 13-16-jugis et foliolis basi subcordatis vel *ipandatia differ Arbor circiter 24 m, alta Fisk Evans), ramulis subteretibus circiter 5 mm, diametro glabris vel brunneo-puberulis olia petiolata, bipinoata, p Pane unijugis, petiolis 15-4 cm. longis oF ae glandu la magna tis ut pimnarum rachi supra canalicu atis breviter branneo-pubescentibus, rhachi 10-24 em Age ren 13-16-juga, opposita, oblongo-lanceolata vel oblongo-elliptica a vel obtuse longe que ure basi rotundata vel subcor ata, ] -2 m. longae, i Calycis tubus anguste cylindricus, 5-lobus, 3-3°5 mm. lon ngus, ut lobi extus fulv Yo-tomentosns, lobis triangularibus obtusis 1-1°5 i Soanst Petala lineari- oblonga, obtusa, lata, extus PAS -pilosa, intus glabra. Stamina 10, filamentis ¢ glabris 5-6 mm. longis, antheris 0-5 mm. ec ame aaaiiee 20 cm. longum, medio 5 em. lat Semina a ptaabipas sllipticn, 2 em. longa, 1:3-155 > cm. lata, nitida.. WEST ‘or ents. Gold Coast, without precise locality, Evans, 13; Tan » % medium-sized tree, Thompson, 15. According to me . this is a valuable timber tree ee a Vissi Peal wood. The | eh; . faves are beaten up and used as soap en 943. a yd Stapf [Crassulaceae] ; affinis K. gracili- pedi, Baker, sed f 8 brevissime esiolane, floribus solitariis, et staminibus supra eee insertis dis Herba humilis, caulibug Folia obovata, obtusa, utringue ea ata, 7-10 m lo onga, iridia; petioli emeiaeendi, , 1D a Ti, terminales ; pedicellus filiformis, patule U he Ta ‘tata, circiter 29:95 om, longa, 7 mm ametro maximo, pulchre purpurea, glabra, dentibus late ovatis obtusiusculis, Stamina ad basin corollaa j inserta, epipetala paulo 259 ultius orta, fere faucem attingentia. Disci glandulae lineari- oblongae, 2- ponte. eae ‘pella fere libera, sub anthesi conniventia, anguste lanceolata, 6-8 mm. longa ; styl ad 12 mm. longi. Folliculi sursum ‘veoie 8-9 mm. longi. MADAGASCAR, The specimen from’ which this species is described was communicated by Mr. G. Bouvet, Director of the Jardin des Plantes at Angers. He writes that it was apparently introduced with other plants sent from Madagascar to Dr. Bontemps of Saumure in Franc valde affinis B. calabaricae, oa, ; he "foliis minime cordatis, ) ovarii alis superne latissimis (saltem duabus) et fructu igitur mugis minusve obpyramidato distincta. Herba stbacaulis. Foliorum jpetioli 3-4 cm. longi, pallide rubescentes, albo-hirsuto-villosi; laminae oblique lateque peltato- ovatae, subacutae, 5-8 cm _ longae, 4-6 cm. latae, leviter crenatae et undulatae, carnosulae, praeter margines obscure rubentes laete virides, supra glaberrimae, subtus in nervis primariis molliter irsutae, nervis 6-8 radiantibus superne furcatis, nuns a sinu 1-15 em. distante. Pedunculi pauciflori, 2-3 ¢ longi, sparse pilosi. Flores terminales, umbellati, lutei, 2 ‘aaieal pedicellati, femineus, subses 7 pte ; Betas cteae oblongae, 4 mm. longae, fmbriato-incisae. Flor cult : edicelli ad 18 mm. longi, longa, extus parce pilosa, superu " ex tus magis minusve rubro- longa, otto brevissima. Flos femineus: pedicellus subnullus ; sepala in ulis, sed suborbicularia ; petala 0; styli 4, basi WEST TROPICAL AFRICA. Gold Coast, on rocks, at 180 m., es See (Kumasi). Described from a plant in cultivation at Kew 945. Cyclocotyla, Stap/,gen. nov. [Apocynacese-—Plnmeriotinse)* affinis Craspidosperm nO, Boj., 8 ., sed calyce 5-lobo in multigla wae loso basi annulatim incrassato u a cum axi Mae a a Cupulam crassam formante, disco ovarium cingente, et antheris linearibus longis apr Supra feat inserta ; antherae sessiles, lineares, tubum see fere aequantes, loculis basi inappendiculatis. Ovarium in ntegrum, 2-loculare ; stylus superne levee si ovale — eylindricum inter anthe rarum vens 5 ~Serlata, 5-6 in quoque loculo. Fructus ignotas. 260 C. congolensis, Stapf (species unica). Frutex scandens, og aden laticiferus. Folia late spire vel obovato-oblonga, abrupte in acumen lineare obtusiusculum contracta, 8-9 cm. longa, 354 em. lata, coriacea, costa tenui rsh canaliculata, nervis lateralibus tenuibus fere eels recto patentibus utrinque ultra 20 ; slat 1042 m mm. long ve pauciflorae, in paniculam 4 cm. lox , 2 cm. latam ‘erminatem dispositae ; bracteae latae, breves ; pedicelli crassiusculi, Bs nae: a plerique 2 mm. longi, nonnulli 5 mm. attingentes, _ Hisar diameitro, segmentis duplo latioribus rs longis. Cvurollae tubus ultra 5 mm. longus, 2 mm. diametro; limbus (haud explana) ut videtur tubo mulio brevior. ditherds 35 mim. longae CoNGO FREE State. L. Pynaert. The material from which the description was drawn up was Ghewsieie by Dr. E. De Wildeman who suspected in it a new ge 946. Faroa Wellmanii, Prain (Gennes Chronos) species ex affinitate F. saluturis, Welw caule more F’, graveolentis, Bak,, ramosa, et pedicellis puberalis ianitfeste differt. Caulis elaber, 8-18 em. altus, eas axillaribus subpatentibus numerosis nnunquam iterum is 6-8 cm. longis. Folia glabra, oppnit, re Aa glare lal. sub- acuta, basi attenuata, 1-2 3-6 mm. lata. Flores in glomerulas 4-6 terminales axillaresque 4: 25-15 5 em, latas 1-125 cm. remotas peu rites iis per paria subduti ; pedicelli minute appresse puberu ongi. Calyx 275 mm. longus, entis mpc ag ovatis PEt submembranaceis, nervo mediano viridi subincrassato extus versus apicem carinato. Corollae tubus 25 mm. longus; lobi 2 mm. longi, lanceolati, acuti. Filamenta conan Segmentis longiora. Stylus 3-5 mm. longus, filiformis, stigmate minutissime 2-lobo. PORTUGUESE FR AFRICA. Benguella; Bailundo District, 1500 m., Wellm 947. Wi D Stapf, gen. nov. [ Acanthaceae-Barlerieae] ; Crabbea, cui proxima staminibus aequalibus dissitis, antherar a floribus pedicellatis et bracteolis atta calves exteriore cinctis differt Calyx hyalinus, 5-parti tus, segmentis angustis 5, posticis 3 fere basin distinctis, anticis 2 ad medium connatis, caeterum subae- l ‘ol ubus subcylindricus, ad vel paulo supra medium constrictus, is, la imbus minutus, imbricatus, lobis 5 ibus exterioribus, antico i : a dissita; antherae oblongo-sagittatae, dorsifixae, loculis oes pre ; pollinis grana sphaerica, reticulato-foveolata, ris. Ovarium 2-loculare, loculis ns Sdvalaune: ; ; Ctpdute ok oblonga, tertia magis minusye contracta; valvae inter 261 margines laeves induratos convexae, transverse rugosae et medio transverse constrictae. Semina 4, lenticularia, sericea, retinaculis cratas capituliformes longe pedunculatas axillares collecti, pedicellati, setae bracteolis 4 sub-herbaceis hirsutis calyce longioribus involucra W. clandestina, Stapf (pects unica). ta lobata jal gets notata, caeterum laete viridia subtus cinereo- viridia, ad costam et secundum margines dense ad nervos laxius in Sitaih yniste sparse pilosa, nervis lateralibus utrinque circiter ~ ot ; aay circiter J cm, longus, bese onuB. Pedunculi ro 2 athe dinmotza, -1:2 cm. longis, 1 mm. atis suffultum, bracteis aliis similibus sed crimoribie cum pedicellis eisclae . ae obtusum viride contractae, ad 7 mm. longae, albidae vel virescentes, venosae, rg tae psc lanceolatae, 5-6 mm. longae. Calyx > ongus, segmentis e basi triangulari subulatis apice Saepe pilo ‘terminatis. Corolla 5-6 mm. longa, extus ad os pilosa ; imbus minutus, clausus, be 1 tus, lobis rotundatis Antherae albae, ultra 1 mm. longae. Ovarium apice daeire tes ; stylus magis minusve tortus. apne 7 mm. longa, fere 2-5 m lata. Semina 2 mm. diametro. MADAGASCAR. This remarkable little plant was raised at Kew in 1901 from seeds received from Mr. G. Warpur, who collected them in Madagascar. It has since flowered repea tedly at Kew and with Col. Beddome, but always Geodioell cleistogamic flowers only which set freely. 48. Selago nyikensis, Rolfe [Selagineae]; 2 S. thyrsoidea, i foliis desta minoribus et floribus multo minorl ribus Fruticulus compactus, 12-30 cm. altus. Caules papers fastigiati, dense foliacei, ramosi. Folia oblongo-linearia, su obtusa, glabra, 8-12 mm. longa. Spicae breves, numerosae, apices ramorum dispositae, saepe congestae, densiflorae. oblongae vel oblongo-lineares, obtusae, ems oa inibus ciliatis. Calyx cam 8, 13 mm, longus ; ernie oh oblong 8 subobtusi, ciliati. Corollae tubus eblongus, 15 m s; lobi inaequaliter orbiculari-oblongi, aequales, BRITISH CENTRAL AFRICA. Nyika Plateau, near Mwan emba, at 1950 m., McClounie, 39, “ Flower blue” ; 40 “Flower white. 4s September, 1902. 262 The two specimens cited are indistinguishable except in the colour of the flowers. 949. Selago McClouniei, Rolfe [Selagineae ] ; affinis S. tenuicauli, Rolfe ; sed foliis paullo majoribus, minus pubescentibus et calycis lobis oblongis differt. Fruticulus, 20-45 cm.alius. Caules pubescentes, foliacei, apice ramosi. Folia oblanceolata, subobtusa, prope apicem interdum denticulata, basi attenuata, 1-3 cm. onga, 2-5 mm. lata, puberula. . lo L ciliatis. Calyx campanulatus, 5-fidus, 15 mm longus ;_ lobi oblongi, obtusi, ciliati. Corollae tubus oblongus, 1 mm. longus; lobi inaequaliter orbiculari-oblongi, tubo aequales. Fructus BRITISH CENTRAL AFRICA. Nymkowa, at 1950 m., McClounie, 57 ; Panda Peak, at 1500 m., MeClounie, 139, September, 1902. : 950. Asplenium (Euasplenium) Elliottii, C. H. Wright [Filices- Polypodiaceae] ; A. anisophylio, Kunze, affine, pinnis brevioribus is diff latioribus subintegris differt. Caudex non visus. Stipites 12 em. longi, glabri, tenues, straminei. Frondes lanceolati, simpliciter pinnati, 28 cm. longi, ta serratae, 5 cm. longae, 1°8 em. latae, lamina superior basi truncata thachide parallela, lamina inferio i ] r (infimis exceptis) unifurcatae ; petiolulus ad 2 mm. longus. Sori 3-4 mm. longi. BRITISH East AFRICA. Aberdare Range, at about 2500 m., C.F. Elliott. he base of the lower side of the pinnae is much more obtuse i A. anisophyllum, and is Sometimes almost parallel to the rhachis, ec XXXV.—TEO-NON, A NEW RUBBER TREE FROM TONKIN. (Bleekrodea tonkinensis, Dub. & Eberh.). Orro Srapr, n the July number of last year of the Bulletin Economique, published by the Director of Agricult F ' oka of Nettie (pp. 576-585), Bere ke eee and Commerc gric : » gave a pti account of the occurrence of a A Whe nec ute examinati hlets of the plant, recently recei mination of a a branchle 4 263 has confirmed the conclusions of the authors as to its affinity and specific distinction. The genus Bleekrodea has so far been known only from two species, one a native of Borneo (B. insignis, BL.) and the other of North-West Madagascar (B. madagas- cariensis, Bl.). It has already been described by Blume as laticiferous, a character very general in Moraceae, but, so far as we know, there is no evidence of the presence of caoutchouc in the latex of the two species recorded by him. On the other hand, respect reminds us of another Moraceous genus, Castilloa. ing officer of the Cercle of That-Khe in the province of Bac-Kan. According to him it was known as ‘ May-ten-nong,’ and attained a height of 10-12 m. with a diameter of 40 cm. The latex was abundant and was collected by the natives, whose attention seems to have been directed to the tree quite recently and accidentally ; in fact they used it only as an admixture to increase the bulk of rubber collected from other sources. Last year, however, the tree on the spot and the conditions under which it grows. The following is the essence of his report. The tree occurs practically all over the province of Bac-Kan (north of Hanoi, and half way between this town and the Chinese It grows gregariously and f wood white, soft and useless for joinery and carpentry. mode of collecting the latex employed by the natives 1s ba crude and wasteful. It consists in tapping the tree near its bas by as many cuts as possible so that the normal flow of thering in the centre. ee one eters, Oe oe i j wev other towards the end of the rainy season. The pat hep fasg i 264 wet season. Similarly the trees on the outskirts of a ‘teo-non’ wood yield less but more concentrated latex. At the end of May Dr. Eberhardt obtained from a single tree of 20 cm. in diameter as 480 grammes of latex; but he thinks that in the autumn this tree might well have yielded 600-650 grammes. He recommends tapping at the base of the trees as the latex taken from the young parts does not coagulate. In this respect the ‘teo-non’ behaves like Ficus and Castilloa. Dr. Eberhardt obtained 676-6 grammes of caoutchouc per kilogramme (or 67°6 per cent.) from two litres of latex. The best method of inducing coagulation was by means of sulphuric and hydrochloric acids; acetic acid seems to impair the natural P of thin and tough skins is formed which do not adhere to each other. On the other hand, the hot water bath gives : : . obtained is of first-rate quality, very strong (nerveux), resistant and elastic. Mr. Cibot, an expert in American rubber and in the rubber industry generally, states that the ‘teo-non’ rubber is equivalent to Para and practically indistinguishable from it. native-made cake of ‘teo-non’ rubber was, in fact, awarded a gold eo A score of young plants are at present in cultivation in the Botanic Garden at Hanoi. Only one member of the small subtribe Fatoneae, to which Bleekrodea belongs, has been found up to the present in India, viz.: Pseudostreblus indica, Bur., a small tree of the Khasia Hills ; but between them and Tonkin, there must be many localities where the ‘teo-non’ could be grown with success if it should be found that its natural area does not extend into British territory. ; Fic ig bt a is based on the specimens received r. Ferrot, and supplemented from the description given b Messrs. Dubard and Eberhardt :— a \ aaa : A tree, 30-50 feet high, copious! i iti i ; piously branched, with whitish lenticellate bark and white wood; branchlets scaberulous from _ between the middle and the acumen, rare ; y almost entire, 2-6 ins. by $-1} ins., lateral nerves 5-10 on each side, curved, joined in etwork of veins very a shortly peduncled, reduced to a fe: apex by two broad ovate or ellipti 265 situated in the median plane, and supported by two smalier alternating bracteoles, and a somewhat larger outer bract, with or without rudimentary male flowers in the axils of the inner bracts ; mixed (bisexual cymes) like the male cymes, but with a female flower in the centre. Male flowers: perianth 4-5-lobed, lobes triangular-ovate, scarcely $ lin. long; stamens 4-5, opposite the perianth-lobes; filaments inflexed in bud, rising elastically ; anthers subglobose ; ovary rudimentary, minute. Female flowers: perianth shortly ovoid-tubular, with a small almost truncate or minutely 4-toothed orifice, 4 lin. long, scaberulous ; ovary sub- globose ; style sublateral ; stigmas filiform, 3-35 mm. long. Fruit (immature) of the size of a pea, formed of a one-seeded achene, surrounded by the fleshy enlarged perianth and supported by the equally enlarged bracteoles; embryo subglobose; cotyledons subequal, thick ; radicle incumbent. rudiments of male flowers. Dr, Eberhardt, on the other hand, says that the male and female inflorescences alternate, whilst his and Dubard’s description in the Comptes Rendus, l.c., admits male and mixed clusters on the same branch. XXXVI—MISCELLANEOUS NOTES. Amherstia nobilis —There is a good example of this handsome tropical tree in the Aroid house (No. 1) at Kew where it has been about 60 years ago, and was first flowered in a garden at Ealing in 1849. The Kew tree is probably about 40 years old. In they are said to be magnificent, and one of the features of the Royal Botanic Garden at Calcutta is an avenue of these trees. ‘ ers are used by the Burmese in connection with their religious ceremonies. ew ae ves at Kew.—The cultivated collection of Agaves at Kew is Aga : an exceptionally large one and there are nearly always some 0 them in fiowee The tradition that A, americana the * erican 266 that the flowering of these plants is quite a common poaneate at the Royal Gardens. The age at which pai Agee = flower depends mie upon es ent eons : a a : ily situated it may flower w 3 t a aia Eg if the conditions are unfavourable to styles _— growth, it may take 20, 50, or even a hundred years, or i aes de flower at all. The species that have flowered at pon — are the following :—A, Leopoldit, flower spike 14 - —- micrantha picta, 24 feet; A. horrida macrodonta, 5 ; Presentations to Museums.—Among recent presentations to the | Museums may be mentioned the following :—Roois of shee bryanthemum acutipetala, used by natives of the Saree oe the preparation of “Khadi,” a fermented liquor ; received fro Mr, J. Burtt Davy, Department of Agriculture, Transvaal Leaves of Fagus obliqua, Aristotelia Macqui (Kew Bulletin, No. 38, 1890, p. 34), and Persea Lingue, eaten by leaf-cutting bees in Chili; presented by Mr. R. Morton Middleton, F.Z.S. Section of a Beech log and portion of an Oak pile from the foundations of Winchester Cathedral. The former was taken om under Bishop de Lacy’s work, A.D. 1202, and the latter was found under the early Norman work, A. . 1079; received from the Very Rev. the Dean of Winchester through the kind offices of Mr. Francis Fox, C.E * Photographs showing the effects of the storm upon the Lime and Horse Chestnut trees in Bushey Park on June Ist, 1908; from Mr, W. Haine, Teddington, J. M. BH. Sale ntl ne d, with a vegetati Sounds, with dense forest “ and investigated ; and Kapiti Island whi 267 In its flora Kapiti Island is closely related to the neighbouring mainland of Wellington on the one hand and Marlborough on the other, but at the same time shews certain peculiar characteristics. The island has an area of 4,990 acres and on its western side it is one huge precipice rising to a height of as much as 1,700 feet above the sea. The steep slopes of the eastern side are covered with forest, and at the northern end there is an extensive boulder flat with a small fresh-water lagoon ; there are also numerous rivers. Kapiti has been a famous whaling station and various weeds have, i ence, been introduced into the island; moreover the whalers introduced goats, the descendants of which exist in great i i d sh eds, too, ap considerable extent, but apparently the forest is free from such dangerous intruders as the Blackberry and Elderberry. The forest floor is frequently quite bare, a distinction from the New Zealand rain forest, but at other places, especially where the covering is less dense, there is a close carpeting of various ferns. The leading plants of the forest are dealt with in detail, and the cecological factors and the general distribution of the species are also discussed. The shrub formation is characterised by Cassinia leptophylla mixed with Leptospermum scoparium (Manaku) an ries Solandri in smaller quantity ; in the more open places various grasses are also to be found. The Manaku heath is one of the 268 wind-swept spot, a remarkable xerophytic scrub formed by Nothopanax anomalum is to be found. The bushes are from 2-4 feet high and so dense that one can stand upon them and, a8 they touch one another, a raised platform is formed of interlacing rigid stems whose apical portions have almost turned into spines. In places the lianes Muehlenbeckia australis and Parsonsia hetero- phylla are fairly abundant and help to bind the shrubs more closely ther. The other formations are also dealt with in considerable detail. The flora of Kapiti consists of 218 species of flowering plants, ferns and fern allies, of which 43 belong to the two latter groups. It is characteristic of the central region of New Zealand being allied to the flora of the southern portion of the North Island and the northern portion of the South Island. The general affinities of the flora and the geological history of the island are also considered. As a plant and animal sanctuary Kapiti appears to be peculiarly well suited, as, although it is of small extent, it is so much cut up by deep and precipitous gullies that a great part of the Island is very difficult of access. It is to be hoped that the whole of the island will be acquired by the Government so that it may become a safe home for the endemic fauna and flora of New Zealand, and that other New Zealand plants and trees, not already on the island, may also be introduced. Dr. Cockayne’s report concludes with a list of the indigenous plants with their English and Maori names together with notes on their distribution on Kapiti and in and beyond New Zealand. In this connection of Flora and Fauna Reserves it is of interest to notice that the various scientific societies of South Australia are proposing to set apart 313 square miles of country at the western end of Kangaroo Island lying to the scuth of Spencer ulf, and a short illustrated account of the island is given in “The Adelaide Observer” for February Ist, 1908. Zapupe—In Der Tropenflanzer, No. 4, April, 1908, Dr. Endlicher pupe’ cultivation in Mexico necessarily all belongi cotter ams heen may be a Bromeliad, unless it , long- sought Agave cantala, Mavks it should turn out to be the long J: eae Kew Bulletin, 1908, Fe tg Has % nia “ee wath 14 DIE-BACK ” oF PEACH SHOOTS. 32998 [ To face page 269. ROYAL BOTANIC GARDENS, KEW. BULLETIN OF MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION, No. 7.) Beir (1908. XXXVII.—“ DIE-BACK” OF PEACH SHOOTS. higher fungi, belonging to the Phycomycetes, Ascomycetes, and Basidiomycetes respectively. This line of reasoning is supported means of pure cultures, been proved to exist. There remain, be accurately described, they are grouped under “ form-genera and “form-species,” thus implying. that they are stages which have not as yet been connected with higher species. Such form-species or conidial stages are unknown in connection with the primitive species of aquatic fungi, and were only evolved as supplementary stages when the fungi passed from their original aquatic habitat and established themselves on dry land. These conidial stages possess many features in common. They are all asexual in origin. ‘The conidia are produced in immense numbers and in rapid succession throughout that portion of the season when the host of the fungus is in active growth. he conidia wind, birds, insects, &e. fact, the special function of conidia is to extend the geoprapiice f re rned with the survival by tiding it over that period when the host From the above account it will be seen that the conidial form of a fungus is invariably the cause of an epidemic or of a pe Spread of a disease, except in those instances where even this metho has been superseded by the presence of hybernating myoo) in 4h 1375 Wt35 8/08 D&S 29 32998 270 the host plant. Conidial forms as a rule are rampant parasites, whereas the primitive or sexual stage of the same fungu usually a saprophyte, and only appears when the host is on the wane, if not quite dead. The members of the Peronosporeae illustrate the gradual transition ef a primitive group of fungi from an aquatic to an h retains so much of its original nature that the reproductive bodies take the form of zoospores, whose only mode of dissemination is me =| ag | = © aa 5 iol co R R ° ate — © for = 3 RS S g ° = 3 ° 3S S TR a) rey } ~ Bb jor) — 2. ° 5 to the family Melanconieae, which is characterised more especially y the absence of a definite perithecium or fruit enclosing the reproductive bodies or conidia, During the past few years numerous inquiries have been addressed to Kew respecting the disease, aptly termed by one correspondent as “ die-back of two-year-old peach shoots.” In the spring the leaf-buds expand normally, without any suggestion of disease, but just about the time when the blossom is hoots bearing diseased leaves and flowers assume a deep claret- shrivel more or less as the season advances, The above are the distinctive and unvarying naked-eye charac- teristics of the disease under consideration. About midsummer, orange-coloured, tendril-like b spores of a parasitic fungus. If a section is taken through i AE a se 4 gh a branch at the point where such a tendril-like body is protruding, the fungus will be seen to consist or 1 more or less depressed sphere situated in the cortex. These odies, consisting of myriads of of mycelium, which duall — “ | » and is eventually lined with closely-packed, slender threads or “Ne att which originate from ‘the cells tformin, le: of the sphere, with their free tips roject- ing into the cavity of the fruiting body. The sneitg ‘spores are 271 produced in rapid succession from the tips of the sporophores, and soon fill the cavity of the fruiting body, which now begins to indicate its position by a slight wart-like protuberance under the epidermis of the host plant. When the fruiting body of the “aa di is sf te with spores, the sporophores Sipe ig and form a y hygro ig substa ance, which ases very Guidiotably in volume when in contact with Waker This peculiar property of the Tieiiteeeatod He Seep ir ees enables he spores to escape from the fruiting body When the spores are mature and the aes he deliqu- esced, the whole are extruded from the fruit through a rupture in by . epidermis caused the increasing pressure of the spore- ass. This extrusion ed the form of t tandvils penis in Bs of aie of spores immersed in windtligs: and takes place after remarkable extent. At the moment of extrusion these tendril- like bodies are Nate soft and gelatinous, but they commence to dry and harden the moment they come into contact with the air, and in the act of drying diehalt become spirally coiled and variously cavity usually occupies a five minutes. In dry weather the rils are rigid and horny, but they become soft and glairy when moistened with rain or T -masses are no de 0 dispersed by wind, but depend for their dissemination to a great extent on birds, who convey the spores when moist and gelatinous from diseased to healthy shoots by means of their feet. The shoots are only capable of infection nae ee young, but when the mycelium has gained an entrance into the tissues it spreads rapidly aad & nfects the entire growth of he season. Four shoots infected respectively at one point only, when three inches a " adly diseased, while the uninfected control shoots remained healthy, No pees Be igi the many attempts to infect branches more than one year old, not even when spores were placed in a wound inade' in the cortex, The spores do not retain their power of germination for more than about three months. DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES. 1. A two-year-old shoot showing the first symptoms of disease, Nat. size. 2. A dead me oe the tendrils of spores. Nat. 8 os 3. Section of cortex a diseased shoot, showing sitios -conceptacles tendrils of spores. slightly mag. 4, Portion of a tendril showing the spores imbedded in mucus, Mag. 5. Spores, some germinating. Highly mag. DIME Re eure eae 2 32998 A2 212 XXXVIII—ADDITIONS TO THE WILD FAUNA AND FLORA OF THE ROYAL BOTANIC GARDENS, KEW: VIII. I—MACRO-LEPIDOPTERA (with Tortricina). A. LANGLEY SIMMONS. The collection of insects belonging to this order progressed the past year, but the climatic conditions which There has not been a season for a great number of years which apparent throughout Great Britain. It is difficult to find a reason for this, even allowing for cold winds in the early summer, anc retarded vegetation. The autumn species, especially the Noctut- dae, were singularly scarce, and all the ordinary baits generally used for their capture were ineffective. Much work has to be done yet to discover the causes which make insects plentiful in one year and scarce in another; it is a subject of which really little is known. uable one, and it is not yet by any means exhausted. The whole of the following records were made between 7 RHOPALOCERA. PAPILIONIDAE. Papilio machaon, L.—*“ The swallow-tail butterfly.” One specimen was taken on the wing in the Palace grounds, by H. J. Burgess. As this butterfly is now only found in the fens of breeding them. They are found all over the world, except Aus- tralasia, four species existing in Europe. The larvae feed on Peucedanum, Heracleum, Angelica, &c. HETEROCERA. nder a Scotch Pine (Pinus sylvestris) A. Simmons. It remained very lively ’ Te to emerge. The dg a . : r, W. J. Lucas, and proved to be Sepa biedly S. pinastri, The discovery of this site at Kew is 273° of course interesting, as it is regarded as a scarce casual only. It is, however, believed to have established itself in a small locality in Suffolk and in Kent. It is general in Northern Europe and North America, on Picea excelsa and Pinus sylvestris. At times the larvae cause immense destruction to these trees on the Con- tinent and in North America. Deilephila euphorbiae, Z.—“ Spurge Hawk moth.” The finding of two pupae by Mr. G. Nicholson and the writer in March of last year is probably the most interesting discovery yet made among the lepidoptera existing in the Gardens. This beautiful moth is extremely rare in Great Britain, being a very E. Cyparissias, but as neither of these plants is found within half D. porcellus, Z.—‘‘ Small Elephant Hawk moth.” One specimen captured by Stanley Goodwin as late as the end of August, aataide: the Garden walls. Fairly well distributed throughout Great Britain, Europe, and Central Asia. On B straws, TRIFIDAE. NOCTUIDAE. Leucania straminea, 7'.—‘ The streaked wainscot.” One specimen taken by the lake. Found in the Southern and Eastern English counties, and N. and C. Europe. Not common. On Phragmites. « Hadena pisi, £.—“ Broom moth.” 2 Common throughout Great Britain and N. Europe. On errs, Cytisus, Scabiosa. H. genistae, Bkh.—* The light brocade.” Common in England, local in Scotland and Ireland ; C. Europe and N. Asia. On Genistae, Polygonum, Stellaria. Apamea fibrosa, Hb. (leucostigma, Hb.).—* The crescent jp Two specimens taken in Kew. Found locally all over Great Britain HO. Europe and N. Asia. Larvae feed in the flower stems of yellow flag. Agrotis cinerea, H).—* The light feathered rustic.” . ' Found generally throughout England and Scotland, not Trolengs C. and N.W. Europe and Asia Minor. On Thymus, Rumez, 274 Noctua baja, ’.—“ Dotted clay.” Taken at treacle. A common moth found throughout Great ritain; Kurope, Asia, and N. America. On Salix and Primula. Toeniocampa instabilis, Hsp. (incerta, Hufn.).—‘“‘ The clouded drab.” e of our commonest moths, found all over Great Britain ; N. Europe and N. Asia. On oak, poplar, hawthorn, willow, &c. GEOMETRIDAE, BOARMIDAE. Already recorded in Kew Bull. Add. Series V., 1906, p. 40 (under Biston hirtaria L.). Biston hirtaria, C7.—‘ Brindled Beauty.” One specimen taken. Not a common insect. Found in the Sather: and Midland counties of England and in N. and C, urope. It is believed that with this species the male is sought by the eras contrary to the usual rule. On oak, elm, ash, lime, and fruit tree Hybernia defoliaria, L. common insect found all over Great Britain, N. Europe and N. Asia. The female is apterous. On oak, beech, hawthorn, &c. LASIOCAMPIDAE. Bombyx neustria, 1.—* The orp moth.” Confined to England, 8. M. counties ; Europe and N.W. sia. On hawthorn, ecinni, and fruit teees. At times a pest in the orchards, but not so plentiful as formerly. Bupalus pinaria, L.—* The bordered white.” One specimen, taken by Mr. G. Massee. Common in Great gens wherever pine woods exist; also in N. Europe and N.E. Asia On Pinus sylvestris and lar ch. Pericallia syringaria, 1.—* Lilac beauty.” Common to England only, E : sa etrisin end onion 8 y, Europe and N. Asia. On Ligus ong Ennomos aon Bkh. (quercinaria, Hufn.).—“The August A batch of ova taken by Mr. Sich in Palace grounds. They fed up, pupated, emerged in July. Some of the moths were ee dark, being deeply. strigulated with dark fuscous. ommon in nage Scarce in Scotland, not found in Ireland ; also in C. Europe. On birch, beech, oak, and ash. —— petraria, Hb.—* Brown silver lines.” ommon to Great Britain wherever bracke a n abounds; C. Europe and across Asia to Japan. On eris aquilina. Scotosia certata, Hb.—* The tissue.” 275 n by Mr. T. Nicholson. Common in the S. and M. Counties of England; C. Europe and W.C. Asia, Persia, and Japan. On Berberis. PYRALIDINA. SCOPARIIDAR. Scoparia crataegella, Hd. A common little moth found throughout Great Britain and C. Europe. On mosses. SESIA,. Trochilium ce hrereieh eee L.—* The vata oe soampaibtics ee the only clear-wings yet bserved in the Garden Massee took the specimen in "Q. All the species ie Sins rnal, with a rapid flight. The wings are only partially covered with scales. 7’. tipuliformis is the commonest member of the family, a eeds on Netopia and twigs of currant, particularly Rebes nigrum. It und in England and Scotland, and is practically beeniciclitan, piece been introduced artificially to Australasia. T. myopaeformis, Bkh.—* Apple clear-wing.” Several empty pupa-cases found prowuding from the bark of apple trees by Mr. G. Nicholson and Mr. Sich in P., in August. TORTRICINA. EPIBLEMIDAE. Eucosma betuletana, Hw.—‘“The birch tortrix.” Common throughout Great Britain and Europe. On birch. E. bifasciana, Hw. One taken in A. A local species in England. E. striana, Schiff. Generally throughout Great Britain and Europe. In roois of Taraxacum. Hedya lariciana, Zell. One bred from larch, This species is considered by some to be a form.of H. ocellana, Fab., already recorde Ancylis lundana, F. An extremely common little moth. Found at — Great Britain and the N. Hemisphere. On Vicia, Lathyrus Coccyx tedella, Cl.—< Pine silver-barred tortrix.” pha common throughout Great Britain and Europe. On Picea celsa, Hida solandriana, L. h, Common to — Britain‘and N.and C. Europe. On hazel, bire. and Salix cap 276 _E. bilunana, Hw. On birch in A. Common in Britain and C. Europe. Pammene regiana, 7.—“ Yellow blotch back.” Common in the S. of England and E. Ireland; C. Europe and Asia Minor. Larva feeds beneath the bark of sycamore. _ Hemimene petiverella, L. A very common species, attached to Tanacetum. H. simpliciana, Hw. (caliginosana, Tr.).—“ Plain silver-fringed tortrix.” 8. and.M, Counties of England and Ireland. Not common. Also in Holland and Germany. In rootstocks of Artemisia vulgaris. . | TORTRICIDAE. Acalla aspersana, 1b.—“ The red rough-wing tortrix.” Locally plentiful, Great Britain and C. Europe. On Spiraea, Poterium, &e. Teras caudana, 7.—“ The notch-wing tortrix.” Common to Great Britain, Europe, and N. America. On Saliz. Dichelia grotiana, 7’—“ The groatian tortrix.” Local in the 8. and M. English Counties, also C. Europe. Food plant unknown. Cacoecia lecheana, L. One bred from larch, A common Species attached to various Retina buoliana (Schiff) was recorded in the last list, but it is mentioned again in. this raw attention to the damage done to pine trees in the early summer by these destructive larvae, The ends of the branches and shoots were buttoned and aborted, greatly disfiguring the — and the larvae seemed to be more than TT rane tttcin it emtcimeniitici a: II—MICRO-LEPIDOPTERA. ALFRED SICH. s Py The ee S too damp and cold to be very bas ping adhe) Micro-Lepidoptera ; but, as regards the Tineina, ny b0 ebro of additions were made. Some of these have ) ad | 8) ne My 3 . a . lo ha eal PF cation Was issued. Although Tinea i amay be of interest. to note that no k srettil: ia © less than fifteen of these prettily mottled insects w found by Mr. G. Nicholson and’ 207 myself at rest on an old Lime tree in the Palace Grounds on June 12 last. Fomes fomentarius, Fries, was growing from the tree, and this fungus had evidently served as food for the tineid larvae, as a pupa case was found protruding from the upper surface of the fungus. ~ Cemiostoma (Leucoptera) spartifoliella was in great abundance, and Mr. G. Nicholson is of opinion that, small as the insect is, it must certainly be considered destructive. The larvae which feed from September to May, eat out serpentine galleries beneath the bark of the Broom (Cytisus scoparius). When full fed, they bore through the bark, and then spin a thick white silken cocoon on the outside of the bark. During this period of their lives, they are therefore well protected, and it is difficult to devise means for their destruction. Possibly spraying the Broom bushes with some noxious compound, such as soft soap with paraffin, several times during the period when the moths are on the wing in June an July, might serve to decrease their numbers. In May and June the conspicuous white cocoons might be scraped off the bark and destroyed, but this process would be very tedious. as a pair of Oedematopsis scabriculus, Gray., adding that the attacks of this species appear to be confined to the Tortricidae. The larvae of Lepidoptera are frequently attacked by Hymenop- terous and Dipterous parasites, but in most cases these remain hidden in the bodies of their hosts until full fed, TINEINA. YPONOMEUTIDAE. . Swammerdamia caesiella, Hiid. One taken by Mr, A. L. Simmons. 8. pyrella, Vill. a _ This pretty little species is common about the hawthorn in Q., in spring, and is also not rare on the stems of apple trees in P. Argyresthia glaucinella, Ze/J. ) One taken by Mr. A. L. Simmons. This is a local insect. The larva is said to feed in the bark of oaks and chestnuts. _ A, semitestacella, Curt. One specimen. ‘This is attached to the beech, an common in A A. retinella, Zell. Not rare in Q. among the birches, 1 larva feeds, ce d is doubtless’ n the shoots of which the 278 A. cornella, 7’. Common on stems of apple in P. A. goedartella, Z. ceurs in A. It is probably common on most of the birch trees in the Gardens. The larvae live in the catkins in spring, and by their burrowings cause the catkins to bend and twist. ap a twisted catkin be carefully opened, the larva may be foun inside. They leave the burrow to pupate. The moth is beautiful, being white with golden-red bars, or sometimes entirely golden. A. brockeella, Hitb. Occurs with the preceding species in A., but is not quite so abundant, Cedestis farinatella, Dup. specimens from Pinus Laricio, in A. Its usual food is Pinus sylvestris, in the needles of which the larva mines. PLUTELLIDAE. Cerostoma vittella, L. r. Nicholson found one specimen on a lime in P. It is doubtless common on the elms in the gardens. GELECHIADAE. Bryotropha terrella, Hd. Not rare in Q. Generally very common in meadows in June and July. Variable in ground-colour. Gelechia pinguinella, 7'r. Local. Taken by Mr. A. L. Simmons. Occurs sometimes in numbers on bark of Populus nigra. G. rhombella, Schiff. nd by Mr. Nicholson on bark of apple trees in P. It has ou the habit of hiding itself under the flakes of the bark, and from its dull colour is easily overlooked, G. mulinella, Ze7/. Common in A. Common among Ulex and Cytisus. The larva feeds in the flowers of these ladies i Lita costella, Westw. Taken by Mr. A.L. Simmons. The larva is attached to Solanum rhgonaigakye and . newad at home, whether mining in the leaves r or living between th ven fi the una g € young leaves spun poeether, or e L. maculiferella, Dgi. Not rare in the Gardens. This is a ] i . ocal species, but has for many years been taken in the London district. oe Aristotelia ericinella, Duy, | 279 On Calluna in A. This beautiful species must not be con- founded with Gelechia ericetella, Hiib., previously recorded. It is generally common on heaths in August. OECOPHORIDAR. Depressaria costosa, Haw. On Ulex in A. Common in most places where its food-plants grow (Ulex, Cytisus). Borkhausenia augustella, Hiib. Two specimens taken in Q. It is somewhat local, but quite a Londoner, as it has been taken in Hyde Park, B. lunaris, Haw. A handsome little insect. Taken in P. The larva lives probably in decaying wood. ELACHISTIDAE. Batrachedra praeangusta, Haw. In A. This is a singular insect, the forewings being very elon- gate. It sits on the bark of poplar trees with its head raised, thus bearing a somewhat fanciful resemblance to a frog. . Blastodacna hellerella, Dup.. A typical specimen was taken by Mr. Nicholson near hawthorn, in Q., in July, where it probably is not rare. Another very dark Mompha stephensi, Sin. This is usually considered a local species, and is mostly eyes on the trunks of trees, Three specimens, one on an alder near the lake, Heliozela stanneella, F. R. This minute species sometimes flies in little swarms in the sun- shine. Mr. Nicholson discovered a swarm hovering over the twigs of a yew in the Gardens last May. There was an oak close by which had doubtless served the larvae as food. : eae : 4bris. On one patiently watching till the larvae craw] out of the debris. Sovaaien lifts eee employed Mr. Nicholson detected a scale, re to the Gardens. E 280 C. badiipennella, Duy. Much more common than the following Species, on elm. The first larva noticed was on Queen Elizabeth’s elm. C. limosipennella, Dap. Does not appear common in the Gardens. A few cases taken off elm in P. C. gryphipennella, Bouché. This is r ommon on various roses in the Gardens. The larva makes whitish blotches in the rose leaves, but as it prefers the more hidden parts of the bushes the blotches are not so conspicuous as they might otherwise be. C. bicolorella, Stn. Common in the Gardens on several trees, among others on Alnus firma, and Mr. Nicholson found it on purple hazel. The-larva hybernates in a small brown case, but in the spring it adds a larger piece of green leaf, making thus a case of two colours, hence the specific name. C. paripennella, ZelZ, Cases containing young larvae were taken in A. off Corylus Colurna. It feeds on many shrubs and trees, Rosa, Rubus, runus, &. When the larva is young it attaches leaf fragments to the mouth of the case, which then presents a frilled appearance. €. albitarsella, Ze7/. aunts is on the underside of the leaves of Nepeta Glechoma, where that plant grows among nettles at the foot of a hedge. It occurs in P, C. ibipennella, Zel/, A “3 oO ~ i=] 2 @Q 5 m = e. yn} ic) 3 y — = S é m pate =) $6 3 oO what like a minute black 7 : r this species, known in ngland as ibipennella, is really Zeller’s species of that name. This is abundant in May in Q. On the 10th of May, 1907, the grey moths were fully on the wing, especially where the food- plant, Luzula campestris, was conspicuous among the herbage. Elachista api ipunctella, Sin, One taken in P, E. albifrontella, Hid, Taken among grass in Q. E. nigrella, Haw, Not rare among grass in Q The imagi i : 18 Tass . imagines of this genus are fairly numerous in individuals, but from their retired habite are ose ar agama The larvae are miners in the leaves of e, 281 GRACILARIIDAER, Gracilaria alchimiella, Sc. (swederella, Thnbg.). This pale purple and yellow insect occurs among oaks in the Gardens. Its habit of sitting bi its head much raised, gives it a striking appearance when at rest G. stigmatells, O larvae were frequently noticed in A. and P. on poplar and nates last autumn. The larva twists a portion of the leaf into a co shaped domicile, and feeds in the interior. The i imago Avaehibea, and may be met with in the spring, Ornix betulae, Sin. Not rare on the birches in A. The larva lives within a domicile made by folding over a portion of the leaf. Lithocolletis hortella, 7. One taken by Mr. A. L. Simmons. This isa local species, and appears to be rare in ihe district. L. alniella, Zei?. In the alder plantation near the lake. L. ulmifoliella, Hit. " Among the birches in May. It appears to have nothing to do “with elins. The larva lives ina mine on the underside of birch leaves. L. viminiella, S¢n One specimen bred from mines on the underside of the leaves of Salize capred. L. comparella, Zell. Common in the gardens at rest on the bark of poplars. The larva makes mines on the underside of the leaves of Populus alba, P. nigra, and var. pyramidalis. Tischeria marginea, Havw. Common among brambles in Q. The Date makes whitish Qoennoopin-shaped” mines in leaves of brambl Lyonetia clerkella, L. ccurs in P, It is an interesting little moth. The larva makes bold Sorpreadteols in sie leaves of apple, cherry, &e. When full oe : leaves the mine and spins two silken strands along a leaf, whic pt it to bikie age these strands it then forms a ¢ n W ae hangs like a hammock between them. Here the pupa rests ae the little white Choe comes forth. Phyllocnistis suffusella, Z¢//. . The mines of this species are common ating the leaves of Lagoon in th . The larva is very peculiar habits Pica a pit var but a long forked tail, quite unlike a h: lepidopterous lng and lives only on the juice of ‘the leaf. When 282 full fed it casts its skin and assumes a shape much more like an ordinary ca aterpillar, and without further feeding it at once spins its cocoon. e leaves mined by this species appear as though a snail had crawled over them and left a slimy track. Goeze observed this as long ago as 1774. ‘The larva in the mine may easily be observed with the aid of a lens. Cemiostoma (Leucoptera) laburnella, Sin. T Mr. Nicholson in Q. The larvae make blotches in the leaves of laburnum. Bucculatrix cristatella, Ze//. Common among yarrow in Q. Opostega salaciella, 7’. Occurs in Q. Its larval habits are still unknown. The white moth is peculiar in having the bases of the antennae enlarged into ni which completely cover the eyes when the moth is est, Trifurcula immundella, Zell. among Cytisus i ot As Its habits are somewhat similar to those of the above mentioned Cemiostoma spartifoliella, tei * shares probably with dak: iioeted in the destruction of the CS marginicolella, Stn. Occurs in P. The larva mines usually close to the margin of the leaf of elm, ne so closely that the mine follows the serration of the le: a omen eT Sin. rs in P. The larva commences its mine by makin ue railecs in the leaf of blackthorn or (as in the Gardens) of the semcete plum. At the end of the gallery it makes a large pale N. basalella, H.-S The larva of this species mines in beech leaves. It occurs in A. N. trimaculella, Haw, Common in A. The minute moth may be f y be found on the bark of acl and the larva in galleries between the cuticles of the ah subbimaculella, Haw. The larva mines in oak leaves, and the moths may often be epecimiens from the ca iron a ant Gs, Nicholson, sen runks moths were there “ in orderly per Ry WRN me am Narycia monilifera, Geoffr. (melanella, One specimen off the bark of an The larva lives in a case bea “ carries about with ops and feeds on Meine other egetable growths which occur n bark, Haw.). 283 Eriocrania subpurpurella, Haw. Mr. Nicholson took two of these beautiful pale golden insects in the Gardens last May. The larva makes large mines in oak leaves, Micropteryx seppella, /’. One specimen in Q. The larvae of this genus, of which those of two species are known, are of very peculiar construction. They have ten rows of ball-like appendages along the body, an eight pairs of prolegs and a terminal sucker. They feed on wet moss (Hypnum). Our knowledge of these singular caterpillars is due to Dr, T. A. Chapman. XXXIX.—CULTIVATION OF THE DATE PALM IN MESOPOTAMIA. The following article on the cultivation of the Date Palm in Mesopotamia by His Majesty’s Consul at Basra, Turkey in Asia, has been received at Kew, through the courtesy of the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs :— intersected by irrigation trenches leading to the creeks. These fill naturally with water as the tide rises. If the land is far from the river and unaffected by the tide, the offshoots will need hand- watering for about six months. The spot must be sunny, as plants develop very slowly in the shade. Offshoots can be planted all the year round, except during 60 days in the winter and during preserved for about three weeks by placing roots in water. palm leaves (Saf) to protect them from extreme heat an The soil should tt. soft, low enough to be affected by the tide, and all stones removed. U manure is required. Trees are — ape cow dung is used for the purpose. peer = ant towards the end of February, if the weather 18 mild, Papillosa, margine subhispido-pilosa, 5-locularis ; locu polyspermi ; styli Dy filif se SOUTH AFrica, Griqualand West ; Herbert Div., wet tpgd m right bank of the Vaal River, between the confluence of the River and Sand Drift, Burchell, 1753. ~ 291 This species has a very distinct big rather hep appearance, the rigid branches bearing leave t the a nly, and having the base of the tuft of leaves. The stamens had all been destroyed by insects in the few flowers examined, but Burchell in his MS. note states that they are 10-20 in number ; he also states that the flowers have no styles, but on the only ‘perfect capsule I have examined there were five possibly the flowers are subunisexual. 959. Aizoon rarum, NV. EH. Brown [Ficoideaze]; affinis A. his- panico, Linn., foliis longioribus, sepalis brevioribus ‘obtusioribusque et indumento differ Herba annua, a in ramos 003 decumbentes divisa. Rami 15-30 em. longi, superne in ramos 2-4 cymoso-furcati, adpresse pubescentes, internodiis inferioribus 3-6 em. longis, superioribus ‘8-2°5 cm. longis. Folia radicalia subrosulata, 8-10 cm. longa, 8-18 mm. lata, oblanceolata vel lineari-lanceolata ; folia ‘caulina inferiora opposi , superiora alterna, 15-4 cm. longa, lanceolata munia axillares vel in furcis anti distantes. Calycis lobi 6-7 mm longi, cons obtusi, extra pad longis albis adpressis dense vestiti, intra glabri, rosei (Bure hell). Stamina 5060, quinque- fasciculata. “Ovarium apice depresso-truncatum, 5-angulare, tiple styli 5, filiformes.—A. lance ae Burchell, Trav., vol. i., p. 181, non ‘Murray, nomen tantum SoutH Arrica. Tulbagh Div.: in eee Kloof, near Tulbagh, 4 ee 1013. oad betw Pp : tons —— South Abid callectols have botanised there more than o 960. utchinson [Rubiaceae-Mussaen- deae] ; a pak tey eee ed fo ki is latioribus ovato- ellipticis, eel crassioribus revit et calycis lobis longe ciliatis differ Frutex seats (teste Bates), ramis adultis ee li Ege junioribus dense Saar He vag o-s" ip om ute nata, 3 cm. Seg subtus conspicuis ; aaa eg 28 =o stipulae ovato-lanceolatae, acutae, ~— ‘ - intus glaberrimae, extus tenuiter ‘cna Capitla ase — lum 3 wae inaequaliter elobateey 7 mm. ain laa eri latis tis 9-4-nerviis lobis lanceolatis acutis 5-8 mm. | 1 292 longe ciliatis. Corollae tubus 2 cm. longus, 15 mm. diametro. extus inferne glaber, superne longe appresse pilogus, inwus tenuiter pubescens, ee ovatis acutis 3 — yebre a mm. longae, 1:2 cm. infra faucem inse filam s 3 mm. ongis. Ovarium 5- devslaves stylo ne elaine até ‘tellobas iota oblongis 3-4 mm. longis obtusis. Fructus ignotus. WEST TROPICAL AFRICA. Cameroons, in forest at Efulen, Bates, 439. 961. Randia angolensis, Tada cate [Rubiaceae-Gardenieae] ; affinis R. maculatae, DC., a qua foliis subtus tomentosis, calycis lobis longioribus et corollae tubo breviore tomentoso recedit. rutex parvus (teste Wellman). Rami inermes, apices versus tetragoni, dense tomentosi. Folia. anguste oblonga vel oblan- ceolata, 5-10 cm. longa, 15-3 em. lata, apice rotundata, utrinque subtus magis pubescentia, nervis lateralibus patulis utringue 14-16 supra sey subtus Sina eiere ; petioli 3-7 mm. longi ; eg oblongo-ovatae, 6-9 mm. longae, 3-4 mm. latae, obtusae breviter ac. esha tomentosae. lores in axillis solitari ; pedunculi 1-1'5 em. longi, dense tomentosi. “2 mm. tata, I-nervia, utrinque tenuiter pubescentia, basi glanduligera, slandulis elongato-oblongis 12-14 pro wh Corolla hypocraterimorpha ; tubus 5-6 cm. Jenga, 15 lanceolati, acuti, 2-3 cm. lon 0-8-1 em. lati, subtus sparse ro supra glabri. aibeae 1:3 cm. longae, supra medium 3 » © mm. infra sinus insertae, Ovarium 2-loculare, circiter mm, aoe so gracilis, 1:5 em. longus, glaber. Fructus m. dlamet; tar Sore nitida, etro, toment tosus. Semina irregularite t a point Lon. EB, 15° 05’ ;. Lat. §..12° 44’;. alt. n, 1826. Flowering in the wet season. 962. Chironia oe baccifera, Linn. var. Burchellii, Prain z eae] ; ‘ baceifera, Linn., typica, differt -oblongis apice obtusis vel subacutis o oe ongis 3 mm. latis, lobisque calycinis riseb. in Gen. et Sp. Gent. 105 et in oth re kat . Mey - Comm. Pl. Afr. le ek 180; Gilg ex ; - in Ann. Nat erst Hofmus., Wie en, xv. 65, pa rtim vix xiv. 189 partim ; TEE a Schoch i in Bot. Coutralbl. Beih. 1360 a “Welling S. AFRICA Ca “a pe Colony ; Clan William Div. ; Alexander’s Sa aie Tulbagh Div. ; re Kloof, 5 ge Paarl Div. ; p Di hunberg ; Banks ; Wallic oe pay, Maco uteray, Y; 620. reester Dj Bai ; ‘ | Di ins loof, eae 56. Riversdale re Gouritz River, sti ; and without precise eee Uiten ; ¥s "a , 1000 ft., Marloth, 2 hage sinh Zeyher, thurst Div.; Mouth of the Great 293 Fish River, aaa 3739; Port Alfred, Haagner, 74. Albany Div.; Assega Bosch, Baur, 1028; Fish River Heights, Hutton. This Wlog: which has been treated by Schoch as part of the var. dilatata distinguished by E. Meyer(Comm. Pl. Afr, Austr. 180), certainly serves to connect Meyer’s variety, Aiew has subspathu- lata oblong-obtuse leaves, 2-2°5 cm. long, and 4-6 mm, wide, with typical C. baccifera, but it seems preferable: to follow Burchell in oan it as a distinct variety, which n ted 22 September, 1813. As Burchell pomarks 3 in that note, this hl has altogether the habit of iA as C. baccifera which is hardly the case as regards var. dilata The large-flowered forin of C. ME confined to a restricted area in the Uitenhage and Port Elizabeth Divisions, distinguished ‘by Grisebach as var. grandiflora, which has been relegated by more recent writers to typical C. a is quite entitled to the status accorded to it by its author. the other hand, the form pedicels, heh is based on a specimen that has the distinction of being the only authentic record of the existence of C. baccifera beyond the Coast Region of Cape wie is not really varietally separable from C, baccifera proper 963. pahepeh praca sehealthl Salish. Bosco rege we Chironieae] ; ecies C. arginatae, Jarosz, quam maxim affinis ; differ Cea atyow' ‘alee lobato, lobis lanceolatis val anguste oblongis, nec late triangulis basi subauricu latis. Suffruter erecta, glabra. Caulis 10-20 cm. altus, obscure 4-gonus, ramosus, ramis gracilibus virgatis. Yolia numerosa, anguste linearia vel eee opposita, decussata, 15-3 em. longa, 1-15 mm. lata. Flores 1-3 terminales, pedunculis gracilibus 1:25-2°5 em. longis. Cali yx alte 5-fidus, 0°75-1 em. longus, lobis lanceolatis vel anguste oblongis saepius tandem subpatentibus tuho parum longioribus. Corolla 5-loba, tubo anguste campanulato calyce breviore, lobis oblongis ve + 8-12 mm. longis 6-7 mm. latis. Stamina in parte superiore tubi var. Zeyheri, Griseb., excl. OC. lych Linnaea i. 190, syn. Oo cmargnatty nparee excl. 5 .; nec Berg. vulgaris, var. somaiianenters — in Linnaea vi. 343. if Zeyher, 237 Krauss, ven, ulb: as Ley! Ecklon ; Elands Kloof, 1000-1500 ft., beg 1894. iv, near Dutoits Kloof, 1500-2000 f Valley, Ecklon; mountains near Worbestot; 294 Div.; Cape Flats, Banks & Solander ; Roxburgh ; Halfer; eek. SAR ag Burchell, 76 ; Zeyher, 1197 partly: G; A. Bergius; Ecklon, 642; Table Mountain, Heklon, 40; Devil’s Mountain, Bunbury. Caledon Div. ; hills near Grabouw, 1000 ft. Bolus, 4180, Kensit (Herb. Bolus 10482) ; Zwarte Berg, Zeyher, 3424; between Brand Vley and Villiersdorp, Bolus, 12977 ; near Caledon, Pappe; Steenbrass River, 1150 ft. J arloth, 2848, Swellendam Div. ; Thunberg, Ludwig. Riversdale Div. ; near Var. macrocalyx, Prain ; varietas a forma typica recedens foliis parum latioribus 2 mm, latis, floribusque majoribus, calyce 125 em. longo, lobis late triangulis, corollae lobis 1-75 cm. longis 0°75-1 em. latis oblongis obtusis vel retusis. C.lychnoides, Thunb. Prodr. Pl. Cap. 35, et in Trans. Linn. Soc. vii. 252, et Flor. Cap. ii. 108, partim ; nee Berg. d, ‘Thunberg ; Krauss, Knysna Div.; salt marshes and moist places, Bowie, 5 ; Plettenbergs Bay, Bowie. This species has been so generally confounded with CO. emar- ginata, Jarosz, and the two have been so often treated as forms of C. linvides, Linn., that a resulted. Whether @ gracili forms as at least distinct as recently definitely demonstrated that Re eee, “inoides, Linn., is entitled to specific rank. Schoch used by Linnaeus to the present Species, which is not included in the citations given in the first edition of the Species Plantarum and is not the well-known garden plant intended by Linnaens. The typical form of the present plant does not to have ever been cultivated in pciry Mough there exist speci e ro in » D. Mack ‘ sonsequence of the application of the Linnaean name to_ this Species, Schoch has been led to propose, for the true C. linoides, a new name OC. Eeklonii. To the courtesy of Dr. ent, British Museum e Rendle, Keeper of the Botanical of consulting an unpublished ted as var. macrocalyx is very distinct in general appearance both from G, Gracie eoper ena: teem: WaltA calyx, it is intermediate between the two, 295 but it ne larger flowers and wider leaves than either; its appearance and its comparative rarity suggests that it may be pastoral. “bie id between C. emarginata and C. gracilis rather an an intermediate condition of a somewhat variable species in og all three forms are to be included. This algo is ts — that must be left for settlement by field botanists at the th y be noted that while, in herbarium specimens, the true C. Knots gin pale green, both C. gracilis and C. emarginata dry bro It a to ae added that there is in the Delessert Herbarinm u said to from Uitenhage; also that in the Vienna Herbarium there is another, collected by Poeppig, said to be from Port Natal. These two localities Wigs however, for the moment be considered as requiring verification. 964. Chironia (Linochiron) Zeyheri, Prain [ Gentianaceae-Chi- Tronieae]; species C. linoidi, Linn. proxima; differt foliis elliptico- vel men? stg cs ihe lobis obtusis, corol- laeque tubo calyce manifeste breviore. Suffrutex se. glabra, glanea. Caulis 30-45 cm.. altus, obscure 4-gonus, versus apicem raniosus, ramis ascendentibus Folia numerosa, Retires eliiptico-spathulata, opposita, decussata, apice obtusa vel subacuta, basi angustata, 3°5-5 em. longa, 6 mm. Jat , terminales, peduneulis O-75-1 15 em. longis. Calyx 5-fidus, 6 mm. longus, lobis o Mi obtusis mucronulatis. e cam = S = 3 ': oe ellipticis obtusis 1 em. lo ongis 6 mm. latis. Siamina in parte SUN tubi corollae inserta ; filamenta basi dilatata ; antherae ec Ovarium ovoideum, obtusum, 6 mm. longum. H AFRICA. Cape Colony ; Clanwilliam Div., Companies De Bose Valley River, Zeyher, 1198. Var. angustifolia, Prain; varietas a forma typica recedens foliis anguste lanceolato-spathulatis 3 mm. latis, calycisque cae ovato-lanceolatis obtusis. OC. lineides, E. Mey., Comm. Pi. Austr, 179 ae omy specimina Diepedns apud ‘Wupperthal lecta tantum, nec Sour AFRICA. Cape Colany + ; Clanwilliam — Pg Leber 1,800 ft., Drége; by the Olifants River and n r Brakfontein Hotton. ‘near Clanwilliam Village, Leipoldt, 360. The typical form of this very distinct species has much the facies of Orphium frutescens, with which in some collections it has been placed. The narrow-leaved ferm has, on the other hand, been issue r along with C. linoides, to which inter it is most closely related, though it differs as regards the length 0 the cor ube, more m s regards calyx. ke is species is unlike most of the other species of the genus in drying black. 965. aime peas itt gy Bansei, Prain "fowl difler Tonieae}; s s distincta, habitu C@. Yinoidi accedens ; i en ala ig res c dagen? calyce altius fisso, pedun calycisque lobis parce pu is. 296 Suffrutexr erectus, pedunculis calycisque lobis parce puberulis exceptis glaber. Caulis saltem 30 cm. altus, obscure 4-gonus, Folia numerosa, lanceolata, acuta, 3-4 ac onga, 5-6 m ta Flores singuli vel 2-5, pedunculis versus apices © ramorum lternis em. longis sub calyce 1 parce puberulis. Calyx asi parce puberulis. Corolla 5-loba, tubo cylindrico calyci aequilongo, lobis ellipticis obtusis 2 cm. longis, 1:25 em. latis. tamina versus apicem corollae tubo affixa ; antherae parum contortae. Ovarium ovoideum, subacutum, 8 mm. longum. SouTH AFRICA. Without locality : Cult. specimen in Herb. Berlin. . The specimen from which the accompanying description has been made was collected in the Kgl. Bot. Garden, Berlin, by Banse, and is marked “C. peduncularis, Lindl. : ©. Barclayana, Hort. The plant from which it was taken was believed to be from the Cape, but there are no African specimens of this form in any collection we have examined. Bansei bears little resemblance to the true (. Barclayana, risebach has noted, the Same as C. peduncularis, th between Linochiron and Pseudosabbat We are indebted to Professor A. Engler for an opportunity of examining this plant, 966. _Chironia (Pseudosabbatia) flexuosa, Bak. [Gentianaceae- Chironieae] 3 Species gracilis @. transvaalensi, Gilg., prone a caulinis tamen angustioribus, floribusque multo minoribus ert. Herba erecta, glabra. Caulis 45 em, altus, teres, simplex vel / ramos > us, evanida, oblongo-ovata, obtus ec 1-15 em. longis. Calyx 5. 5 m3 is triangulis acutis extra carinatigs ss "rg nee ig vag nguste campanulato obtusis vel subacutig 6 mm, longis nate nn oe Ores ee i 297 sub loborum sinibus inserta; filamenta antheris parum breviora ; antherae parum contortae. Ovariuwm oblongum, _— acutum, mm. longum ; tpi 3 mm. longus; stigma 2-lob NORTH-EAST RHODESIA. — south-west an hate Tan- ganyika, at about 5, 000 ft., Nutt! 967. Chironia bee ar gor Peglerae, Prain Ellas als ; species C. pedunculari, Lindl., proxima; diffe n foliis aneribus ea moetae caule erecta angulari et floribus Be pcttns antherisque manifeste contor Herba erecta, fea Caulis 30 em. Aides distincte 4-gonus ramosissimus, ramis racilibus oe Niaa ascendentibus. Folia cen ‘75-1 cm. . lata. Flores foiinalee et in Ses Bains solitarii pedunculis gracilibus 4-gonis 3°5-5 cm. longis. Calyx 5-sectus, 2:25 em. longus, lobis lineari- subulatis, tubo subnullo. Corolla 2-5 em. longa, tubo anguste cylindrico pre vix aequilongo, fauce parum oer lobis weublgneoole tk acuminatis 8 mm. longis, 3 mm. latis. Stamina parum sub oborum sinibus inserta ; tether ‘distincte contortae. Ovarium anguste oblongum, acutum, 8 mm. longum. Capsula oblonga, acuta, 2 cm. longa, 5 mm SouTH AFRICA. Transieers ; in valleys in the Kentani District at a Miss A, Pegler, 428! general facies of the plant recalls various species of the section Plocandra, where also the calyx-lobes are free lant to the base ; We e are indebted to DE Bota for an opportunity of ka a specimen from which the description of C. Peglerae has made. 968. Chironi i ) eosbrida Griseb. var. ligulifolia, Prain $Goiitiatiac “ cae at varie wee a OC. scabrida, ns typica foliis oblongo-lanceolatis ‘vel senate latis ae | pee ellipticis oblongisve, 6-8 mm. latis, tubogue LogllA ca lyce vix longiore recede jasminoides, Cham. in Linnaea vi. (quoad Rhea oie in ila nitie capensi lecta tantum) ; Knobl. in Bot. Centralbl. 1x. 328, quoad_ syn. C. aig ae 97, C. Jjasminoides, var. 3, Banks ex Edw. Bot. Reg. iii. sub t. get C. jasminoides, var. lychnoides, Griseb., Gen. & Sp. 00. Prodr. “Ser A a a ab Ecklon lecta tantum) fi arts ix. 40. h. ex D. in D 196, andl vt atragona, Schoch in Bot. Centralbl. Beitr. xiv. fier 298 rei ixindd, quoad syn. C. viscosa; nec E. Mey. C. ae Salisb. Mss. in Herb Brit. Mus SouTtH AFRICA. Without oo ; Siasbaens Burmann ; Buettner ; Banks; Wallich; Nelson; Br rown ; Sieber ; Thom, 769 ; Drige. Cape Colony : Cape ay Cape Flats, Rehmann, 1972; Under Tiger Berg, near Riet Valley, Ecklon, 176, 262; near Cape Town, Hesse ; “Blue eet Zeyher, 1200; near Durban Road, 100 ft. , MacOwan, 96 ; n MacOwan dé Bolus, Herb. Norm., 961. Uitenhage Diy. : aa Dhignhags, Pree: pas variety differs from typical C. scabrida, which is only _ known from a single gathering, much as C. tetragona, var. Rnenese. E. Mey., differs from C., tetragona, Linn. f., and much as C. tabularis, var. confusa, differs from C. tabularis, Page. 969. Chironia (Ixochiron) tabularis, Page, Prodr. 121 [Genti- Mie Steud. Nomencl. Bot. Ed. 2, i. 352. C. Jas- minoides, Edw. Bot, Reg. iii. be 297 ; E, Mey. Coma. bay Afr. Austr. 179 ; Schoch in Bot. Centralbl. Beih, xiv. 194 par nec Linn., vix Griseb. 0. letragona, Schoch in Bot. Centralbl. Beih. x 196 quoad syn. Edw. Bot. Re eg.tantum ; nec Linn. f. C. teipayon var. rah ba Griseb. in DC. 1. ix. 40, quoad syn. Edw. Bot. eg. tantum ; nee Griseb. in Gen. e t Sp. Gent. CO. tetragona, var. ovata, Schock 4 A Bot Centralbl. Beih, xiv. 197, partim et quoad 9614 Schlechter. vhtey nec H. Mey _ _ Var. confusa, Prain; varietas eaulibus 30-45 em., nec 15-25 em. tantum altis, foliis anguste ovato-lanceolatis linearibusve 25-3 cm. longis 2-4 mm. latis, nec ovatis ellipticisve 1:25-2 cm. longis Specimina e Caledon allata tantum; Griseb. in Gen. & Sp. Gent. dr, j a ee descriptionem ; Knobl. in Te ‘ . ; g. in Engl. Nat. Pflanzenf. iv. 2,78; Sch i in Bot. Centralbl. Beih. xiv. 194, partim ; nec Linn. C. tetra agon var. linearis, git Bot. 3 Bolus tantum ec E, Mey. ot. Centralbl. Beih. xiv. 197 quoad 1185 S. Ar ay RICA, With Bejokd ll ; Drege ; Hesse; Zeyher ; Leh- m Thom ; : , ; wig; also cultivated s ecimens. vig pote : eer Div. ; mountains near Gr se Gat, 1,600 f olus, 2; Houw Saag 1,800 - _ Beklon ey, v 303 near Genadendal, Prior ; P, t Ber ; Bavians loof, near Genad ore 3 between Galeton pada. Eetion; , ih (Herb. ‘Sta: 10,036) ; cultivated specimens of the typical lant, Dibesies ores ae first erroneously referred in English gar pol ee i C. jasmin- sequently named by Pace C. tabularis, chore are dorf Meet rege. Bredas vi. sige Bolus, 8,5 j Konde River, Schlechter, in salt marshes, Bow eC. 7 nd 0. mietogate ae Linn., of which C. hh ichnnes, pat are no more than varieties of the section Hippochiron, There would appear to aes been no 299 dubiety with regard to the identity of the species until the appear- ance of Thunberg’s account of the genus (Trans. Linn. Soc. vol. vii.). The description given by Thunberg does not apply to the Linnean plant; the specimens in Thunberg’s herbarium, which, through the courtesy of Professor Juel, we have had an opportunity of examining, show that the species to which Thun- berg intended to apply the name is C. melampyrifolia, though with this he mixed a form of typical C. tetragona and, to a greater extent, C. tetragona var. linearis, HE. Mey., giving an example of the latter to the younger Linnaeus, which is now i i barium. Grisebach has in part followed Thunberg, since his C. jasminoides typica includes C. melampyri- Jolia, though the plant mainly intended by him is C. labularis, var. confusa, which was first included in C. jasminoides by Chamisso. Edwards, or Ker-Gawler, in the Botanical Register and . Meyer have, on the other hand, applied the name C. jasmin- oides to the plant which Page, almost simultaneously with the appearance of the. description in the Botanical Register, treated as a distinct species, OC. tabularis. y Lamarck was applied EK. r, who in this has been recently followed by Schoch, to the plant that has since been described as (, laxa, Gilg. marck’s original type, however, ; . altus, ramulis gracilibus circiter 15 mm. diametro superne puberulis inferne glabrescentibus, _novellis tantum pubescentibus, internodiis 2°5-3 em. longis. Folea oblan- nhervo medi cula in axillis superioribus solitaria, in pedunculos pubernlos circiter 11 mm. longos angustata, naviculi- formia, bi longa, cruribus 1°6-1'7 em. longis rectis Solitarius, perigonio tubulari 0°75 mm. prominente extra valde Papilloso. “ Qvarium oblongum, 2°5 mm. longum, stylo ei sub- 300 aequilongo, stigmatibus duobus revolutis. Flores masculi numerosi, diandri, perigonio bipartito extra valde papilloso. SIERRA LEONE. Smythe, 237. XLI—CULTIVATION OF SISAL HEMP IN GERMAN EAST AFRICA. The following article on the cultivation of Sisal hemp in German Kast Africa, which is an abstract from Dr. Stuhlmann’s paper in Der Pflanzer, Nos. 15 and 16, September, 1907, oe “oe appeared in the Hast African Standard for May 16, Kikogwe, and new plants were propagated from them, so that in 1898 the number had increased to 63,000. In 1899 machinery was introduced for extracting the fibre By the be i W ants established, consignment was made in 1900. The following are the amounts and values of the exports of Sj ] > eter years 1900 to 1906 as isal hemp from Kikogwe during the | Year, | Amount.) Value. Year. Amount.| Value. Tons. Ps 7 £ Ons, 100 My Oe F104 | naa | 18,800 1902 a7 | yee [195 | 887 | 97,000 903 Hi Sass me” Ut Bee TT Bee recessed | In 1894, out of a total an annual yield of 17 ce 23 own ee cor trom i ee € ° annually, a pia ib, ey io P rara of which 666,000 can be cut In order, however, that. this besey! of fibre may be anticipated. 301 necessary that half-a-million new plants should be inserted between the old ones, as cutting can only be carried on for two or fo inflorescence, or “pole.” It is calculated red a 800 = are f 9 The following a gives Pha ity ny particulars as to the approximate number of Agav e plants in the different districts of German Kast Africa at the “beginning of 1907, and the proportion which were ready for cutting :— No. of No. of Total. |Awe oeuees eae No. of by Plants District. Planta- Plants, }Plantsready, Area ready ions, y for cutting. planted. | ¢. cutting. | Acres. Acres. 13 | 10,305,600 | 2,168,000 14,250 3,190 Wilhomsiai 810,16 — 560 — Pangan 2 3,330,000 | 2,200,000 5,000 3,500 Lindi 5 1,127,000 110,000 1,330 137 Total ...| 23 | 15,572,760 | 4,478,000 | 21,140 6,827 In the Tanga district the low proportion of the plants which sah ey for cutting is explained by the fact that at the tume of a me eo many of the recent plantings had not yet Seahied maturity. The fou i Fev mentioned above require a pore een pat of daily workers - ie ei or, allowing for absence fro or other cause, of at least at, ed people. The nr aera are paid on the : tan oa hellers per machine employed for Sisal ig extraction in the larger undertakings i in German East Africa is one which is used to some extent in Yucatan, Mexico, and is known as the “ Molla” machine. Tt costs about sales is ag le of treating from 85,000 to 120,000 leaves in ten hours, and n about 48 h.p to drive it. The allowing a space of 40 in. by 100 in. ae 3h by 8 tt) for i , i damaged — possessed by this machine are the difficulty of replacing paris, and the lack of durability of the bronze coating with which | certain portions of the machine are provi 32998 c 302 The following are the approximate quantities und value of the Sisal hemp exported from German East Africa since 1902 :— Year. Quantity.| Value. Year. Quantity.| Value. Tons, £ Tons. £ 1903 eae 422 16,000 1905 ee “si 1,140 43,900 1904 ii ays 765 28,300 1906 2 ge | 1,836 66,900 During the first half of 1907 the exports from Tanga and Pangani amounted to about 1,321 tons, of value £50,600. t XLIT—POLYADOA AND HOLALAFTA. | OTTO STAPF, Polyadoa.—In the Journal of the Linnean Society vol. xxx. (1894), p- 0, I described what was evidently a new species of Apocynaceae as “ Apocynacea quoad genus dubia,” from specimens collected by in Si e absence of fruits I lata, K. Schum.), and based a new us, Polyadoa,* on t two species. The name (Polyad-oa) was intended to indicate one the principal characters by which the new ge . : ly allied. Apart from the numerous ovules, _ I pointed to the terminal inflorescences, the coriaceous sepals, and mensions and in the complete separation of pscitad we from an early stage in Polyadoa Sgiakvibt their partial coalescence in the flower of Picralima Klaineana The two species of Polyadoa, whi in th ahah : » Which ha species of Fane o rica, will therefore have to stand as F ma, viz., P. She? : should. Ne Wided tiother, ieupertactie bo ee * Stapf in Thiselton-Dyer, Flora 8 ; Z : Li in Hovher’s loones Plantarum - bl of Tropical Africa, -vol..iv., -p..103, and 303 Liberia.* On the other hand, the generic affinity of my Polyadoa (?) Simiit is still very doubtful; it may after all be a Pleiocarpa. Picralima comprises, therefore, at present, P. Klaineana, P. umbellata, P. Hiliotii, and a fourth, species from Liberia.t P. Klaineana was recorded in the Flora of Tropral A Srica from the Cameroons, Gaboon, and the Congo Free State. Specimens referable to this species have since been received at Kew from the Gold Coast (Johnson, 317) and Uganda (Dawe, 707, and 709), and considerably extend our knowledge of its area. The large flower, and, in the young state, semi-coalescent carpels, as well as the peculiar fruit, of the type of the genus, seemed to indicate a somewhat isolated position in Plumericae ; but with P. umbellata and P. Hiliotit thrown into it the position of Picralima as an ally of Hunteria seems to be satisfactorily established. The fruit of P. wmbellata consists of two globose, yellow mericarps, very slightly flattened at the base where they meet, and supported by the small persistent calyx. They measure up to 35 cm. in diameter. The pericarp is fleshy, 4-6 mm. thick, traversed by scattered bast fibres and full of a latex, which, in specimens preserved in spirit, oozes out as a semi-liquid, gelatinous, colourless mass when the rind is pricked. The same substance also surrounds the 10-12 seeds, which are separated from each other by more or less perfect false septa. The seeds are compressed, broad-oblong, 14-16 mm. long and up to 8 mm broad.. The testa is sub-coriaceous, whitish, and conspicuously upper part. The endosperm is fleshy, and the embryo, which is about 8 mm. long, consists of two thin, foliaceous, ovate-elliptic cotyledons and a cylindric radicle of the same length as the cotyledons, Holalafia.—Syncarpy in Echitideae is almost limited to a few Indo-Malayan genera, as Vailaris, Lyonsia, Parsonsia, and Beau- in numerous other respects. It is otherwise in Holala Dh already pointed out (Hook. Ic. Pl., tab. 2350) that H. multiflora * Stapf in Johnston, Liberia, p. 622. | + Stapf Le. p. 624. 32998 C2 304 é carpels, which are completely consolidated in the flower, remain so until they have attained their final size, which may be ‘ eee condition. The structure of the seeds is exactly like that of Alafia landolphioides. At the time of the publication of the Apocynaceae of the Flora of Tropical Africa the embryo of unknown. Good seeds, however, have since been received from Southern Nigeria (Unwin, No. 7). The embryo is characterised by its bright green colour and by a longitudinal fold along the middle line of each side-half of the cotyledons, the margins Same structure is found in the somewhat larger seed of Holalafia multiflora, with the exception that the margins of the cotyledons are doubled back on the fold. I may add that the seeds of only one other species of Alafia are known, viz., A. lucida, Stapf (Uganda, Whyte, without number). Here, too, the embryo is green, but the cotyledons are flat. To complete the description of the seeds, I would add that they attain a length of 2-3 cm. and a width of about 3-4 mm., whilst their silky brown coma measures from 9 to 15 em. in length. De Wildeman figured an old, flattened-out follicle in his t . 144, and on p. Coquilhatville, on the Co i: Riss . C xp indicated in the Flora of Tropical deca, ee appointed to the post which h has j ted in D € has just vacated 1 March, Teer , and Mr. Hart took up his duties in Trinidad in a 305 Raphionacme utilis.—In the Kew Bulletin, No. 5, 1908, pp. 209- 215, an account ge bp of the new Ecanda rubber plant from Portugues e Wes Mr. John T. Nor orman, of the City Central ye She ig ‘33, Proadtibeatt "Street, E.C., who had also received some of the tuberous roois of Raphionacme utilis, and some of the “mutdres” (native rubber prepared from the roots) he raed cae en has kindly forwarded the following report to “ The chemical ys a of the tuberous roots of Raphionacme and of native Hcanda rubber, “The roots were covered with a dry, brown, sorchmeantdibe skin, and in some cases were much shrunken and decomposed. On oe the fresher roots, a white latex of pleasant odour freely exuded, whilst on tearing apart those which had decomposed, threads vy a substance resembling caoutchouc were observed. “The ‘mutdres’ were grey irregular lumps, roughly finger- shaped; they possessed an earthy and somewhat musty odour, but araough obviously contaminated with soil and fibrous matter, they exhibited considerable resiliency. “ Analysis of the Mutares. “ Caoutchouc ve a nes ane .. 804 Resin, &c., by alcoholic extraction “ot 6-4 Moisture or eeree volatile at 100° C. eve 16 Mineral matters ... as ees 4-4 Fibre and matters soluble. i in water sind vib 7:2 100°0 “The caoutchouc was obtained from the residue after extraction by absolute alcohol and water; it was dissolved in toluene, the solution filtered and the filtrate precipitated by alcohol. Since this method proved troublesome when working quantitatively, owing to the geese of the mass and the great difficulty. of removing the last trace of solvent, the estimation of the caout- chouc was eventually effected by dissolving re : agg rabber in carbon tetrachloride, and then forming the tetrabromide, which is a white powder equivalent to 0:298 ee ie weight of caoutchouc. - eee of the tuberous roots. ** Caoutchou is oe O77 Resin, &c., ey stooholio extraction si is ee Dried extracted residue ane ‘avis Water and water soluble subeaiibel see dried at 100° C., and then bo carbon tetrachloride, and precipitate the caou ul- “In this analysis the root extracted with absolute alcohol, water, an extract finally treated with acetone to ouc. 306 i d and worked treated as ordinary crude rubber, cleanse L poe ete form. Some of this cleansed rubber was l cee and also mixed with surrogates, &c., with very satisfactory results, : ic Gardens by the Two of the tubers sent to the Royal Botanic Gar Companhia de Mocgambique were handed to Mr. tinpnaaen es examined them in the Jodrell laboratory, and reports on the y of rubber as follows :-— ] for an “Two tubers of Raphionacme were handed to ine experimental extraction of rubber, and yielded together 6°67 Le of caoutchouc. When received, they had lost a certain amoun e was very wet inside, and much the heavier, the Tespective weights being : (a) 29-69 grm.; (b) 78°42 grm. “After weighing, the tubers were cut up into small pieces, Bie soaked for a day in strong spirit, then dried in the sun, and weighed uw xt oi the solvent and then treating with spirit. Five extractions rubber were made in the case of one tuber, six in the other, an ‘i judging by the yield of the last extraction, the unextracte remnant must have been very small, “The weights of the dried tubers and of the yield of rubber are given below :— a , pera: | Tuber (a). | Tuber (6). Te ne ‘Weight of tuber directly after drying ... 16°75 grm, . ref 17:32 grm. Weight of rubber extrac — se ” ercentage of rubber to dr -weight* .., 22-4 per cent. Percentage of rubber to dry-weight for the two tubers «,. ne su iy) 168 per cent. 19°6 per cent. * Here “ dry-weight” signifies the weight of the tuber sun-dried after esgic in spirit, i.e., after the extraction of the greater part of the resin and other su stances soluble in spirit, “These figures are not strictly comparable with those given by Mr, J. T. Norman in his analysis, but it will be seen that the Ph centage of rubber to dry-weight in the two tubers, dealt wi 307 in this note, is considerably higher se aie obtained by Mr. Norman, being 19°6 for the two tubers ( ve), and only 10°7 (a.e., 077 caoutchouc to 7:16 dried oxtAee ply in the tuber analysed by Mr. Norman. For this comparison the dried caoutchouc too low. The difference between the two percentages should therefore be somewhat greater than the figures show.” LakeB.. Romulea as a Pest in Australia—In the Agricultural — of New South Wales, xii., 1902, pp. 232-236, an account has given by Mr. R. Helms of the occurrence of “ Romulea rosea’ pe a weed, said to have been introduced into Australia from South The following letter has ee received at Kew on the subject of vices plan 1 from Mr. James eorehs Viola, Como Parade, Mentone, ictor et pare to sale you for your kindness in naming the Romulea for me. If I am not trespassing too much on your valuable time I ene like a little information on the following :— “Is Romulea cruciata, altaaee, considered at Kew to bea Kouichi of R. rosea, Eckl. ? ~ I fi Thistle Act as a noxious weed, under the name Romulea aise Ker-Gawl. And as there is great confusion here over its identifi- ‘bint I would be pleased if you could enlighten me further on ubject.” Romulea er uciata, Eckl, - — only from the figure of — cruciaia in Jacquin’s Icone t. 290, which shows stout, ease leaves, resembling in eine. pte of some species of Ba pent but in transverse section resembling a Maltese ralerg: the Sk of equal length, mulea erucia a ar dalda XXXViii,, 335), Recied as “foliis cy lindrico-linearibus, 308 compressis,” and its forma typica as “ foliis latissimis . . . nervis debilis et parum prominentibus,” is probably quite distinct from Jacquin’s plant The two other species, which have been suggested for the Australian plant, are R. rosea, Eckl., and R. Bulbocodium, Seb. et aur., the former being widely spread in South Africa, and the latter in the Mediterranean region. The leaf-sections of these two species and of the Australian plant are identical, and show the leaf to be twice as broad as thick, while the outline cf the leaf is linear and quite unlike that of R. cruciata, Eckl. Hitherto ft. rosea and R. Bulbocodium have been regarded as distinct species, chiefly on account of their widely-separated habitats ; Eckl., was founded upon Iria rosea, Linn. Syst. ed. 12, 75, which in turn was described from Bulbocodium pedunculis nudis unifloris in Miller's Icones, 160, t. 240, in which the styles and stam: i K two species ta a (1827), as a synonym. TZrichonema cruciatum, pu awl. in Bot. Mag. t. 575, is a totally different plant from Bake het uevata, Jaeq., and has been called Romulea longifolia, ey g Australian specimens exist :—Western Australia : Guildford, near Perth, C.

‘9-14 cm. lata, subearnosa. Flores in cymas ramosas corymbiferas multiflores dispositi; rami ‘8-1°2 mm. longi, pedicelli- circiter 1mm, longi. Calyx 6-7 mm. longus, segmentis ellipticis acutis ORANGE RIVER CoLoNy. Marsh near Harrismith, alt. 7000 ft., Sankey, 173 | A pretty species, with comparatively large bright-yellow flowers borne on more or less dense and many-flowered corymbose inflorescences ; the leaves tend to be gathered into false radical Tosettes with one or two pairs of fairly large leaves on the erect flowering branches. _ Sebaea (Pentandria) elongata, #. Mey., Comm., 1837, 184; Gilg in Engl. Bot. Jahrb., eet 96 ; Schinz in Mitteil. Geogr. Ges. Liibeck, xvii., 1903, 41. 2 3 gem cuspidata, Schinz in Mitteil. Geogr. Ges. Litbeck, xvil., tay CoLony. Riversdale Div. ‘aera ee Berg, Burchell, mountains near Riversdale, “9 : Oudtshoorn Div.: Robinson Pass, Bolus, 12993 ! eaten Div. 7 ®n @ mountain near Roodemuur, between Bieta betes Ae : Lange Kloof, 2000-2500 ft. Drége, 2827! Uniondale Div.: mountains near Avontuur, Bolus, 2402 ! ‘sida lave A distinct species with its false rosette of closely placec : at the base of the tall erect flowering stems. This ame rotis which §. cuspidata, Schinz, has been united shews @ — és od Tange of variation both in the size of the corolla and in 0 = fete of the flower, but as there isa regular gradation of forms « 326 the larger-flowered specimens typical of the original S. elongata and the smaller-flowered forms which were referred by Schinz to S. cuspidata, there appears to be no good reason for retaining S. cuspidata, Schinz, as a distinct species. Sebaea (Pentandria) rotundifolia, 4. W. Hill | Gentianaceae- Exaceae]; species S. elongatae, KE. Mey., et S. Conrathii, Schinz, proxima, a S. elongata, foliis orbicularibus cymis paucifloribus antheris triglandulosis stigmate clavato differt ; a S. Conrathii foliis orbicularis segmentis calycis alatis floribus majoribus stigmate clavato differt. obtusa, 2°5-3°5 em. longa, 15-3 em. lata. Foes in cymam termi- nalem umbelliformem paucifloram dispositi; rami °75-1°5 em. Filamenta 1:5 mm. longa; antherae 2°75 mm. longue, apice uni- basi bi-glandulosis instructae. Stylus 8-9 mm. longus, prope basin biglandulosus, stigmate clavato, NaTaL, Drakensberg, Buchanan, 31! Sebaea (Pentandria) pentandra, #. Mey., Comm. 1837, 184. Sebaea gariepina, Gilg in Eng. Bot. Jahrb. xxvi., 1898, 90; Schinz in Mitteil. Geogr. Ges. Liibeck xvii., 1903, 41. In E. Meyer, Comm., vol. i., fase. ii., 1837, p. 154, four localities (a, b, c, d) are given for S. pentandra collected by Drége and an ing to Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Doc., should be as follows, and not as in Meyer’s Comment. (a) Winterveld & Nieuweveld. (6) ad fontem Wonderheuvel. (c) “a ae am rechten Ufer des Flusses bei Ver- @ Pai “seeing eyer, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Doc., 93). (e) Inter Gekau et Basche. : Gilg in Engl. Bot. Jahrb. xvi., 1898, pp. 90, 91, states that he — three different plants in Meyer’s herbarium under S. pen- species S. gariepina, Gilg, of the plant from near Verle : ; t ptpram (c) whilst the third specimen from Zuurberg (d) is referred to s. ramosissima, Gilg, man examination of the type specimen in Meyer’s herbarium ~ Litbeck, it has not been found possible to maintain the species s gariepina, since this specimen from Garip (c) exactly equals ‘ pentandra, E. Mey. (a) from Nieuweveld at Ke . PD ies regard, however, to the localities for S. pentandra sensu cto, a mistake appears to have arisen in the Berlin herbarium, 327 where on eee 8 label the letter (b) has been read as (e) and the locality “ Gekau and Basche” has accordingly been placed on the label instead of * 7 Vonacelianse The specimen from ‘“ Gekau-Basche” (No. — at Liibeck agrees with the Berlin specimen from Wonderheu The Drége plants distributed under the name - pentandra, K. oe are Sug as en in the Flora Capensis : S. pentandra, y-; “Ad _ fontes Nieuweveld ™ ta)3 2 Wontlerheny el” 6); ee ” (c); and, “inter Gekau et Basche’ : Dineiisssma, Gilg; Zuurbergen (d). t is of interest to notice that the floral sghasctag of Sebae primulina, A, W. Hill, from Kuruman, agrees very closely with that of S. pentandra, the chief difference being that ao itaienes of the anthers are inserted in the corolla-tube (section Belmontia) and not in the sinuses. In a few other cases there are equally striking cases of parallel species in aa! sections Husebaea and Belmontia to which attention will be Sebaea (Pentandria) primulina, A. W. Hill [Gentianaceae- Exaceae]; species distincta ex affinitate § Belmontiae, Schinz, foliis iat eaiycis caulibus floriferis erectis singulis vel plurimis, Annua, erecta. Caulis brevis, foliis rosulatim disposi caulibus Horiferis erectis 4-13 em. altis singulis vel plurimis. Folia opposita, radicalia ovata, subacuta, 8-16 cm. Tonga, 4~7 mm. lata, subpetiolata, cars caulina, par singulum, ovato- oblonga, subacuta, Flores n cymas laxifloras floribus paucis vel plurimis dispositi ; rami 8-2 5 em. One pedicelli ‘5-1 mm. longi, bracteis ovato- -oblongis acutis vel linearibus. Calyx 7-5 mm ongus, segmentis ovato-lanceolatis acai infra paullo connatis, anguste a alae medio latissim Corollae tubus cm. obi BE BECHUANALAND. B the Moshowa River, near Takun, ee 2252-5 | between sa, yo and the Vaal River, Oruickshank (in Herb Bolus), 2540! ; This species bears a certain resemblance to specimens 0. S. pentandra, E. Mey., especially those collected near see by Flanagan, in the calyx-wings and in the anthers header ree glands, The position of the flaments, and the radic es - Tosetie, ~ characters for separating this species trom S. pentandra 3 Sebaea Pentandria) Schoenlandii, Schinz in Bull. Herb. Pole Ser, IT., vi. 1906, 741. ss So: this species and S. sedoides, me toufaslon has occurred between thi long internodes, sian: inflorescences. Gilg, from which it differs in its relatively lanceolate leaves and smaller and more compact in ° 328 iS. Schoenlandii has been placed by Schinz in his section Bel- montia, but it has been found that the distinction between the sections Husebaea and Belmontia apparently breaks down in this Species, as in some examples the filaments of the anthers are inserted in the yee tube, whilst in others they occur in the sinuses. It has not been found possible to separate the traisiduala included under this species into two distinct species on this one character, or to include those forms with the anthers in the sinuses under S. ‘sedoides, to which they are closely allied, and leave the remainder, with the filaments inserted in the tube as S. Schoenlandit. The specimens included. in this species are :— NATAL. Mount Moreland, alt, 500 ft., Wood, 1386 ! with- out precise locality, Cooper, 2750 partly ! Zululand : Ngoya, Wylie (in Herb. Wood), 7570! 8497 ela RIVER COLONY. aR precise locality, Cooper, 2741 ! TRANSVAAL. Witwaters Rand, Hutton; 880 ! Of these, Cooper, 2750, 2751, were placed by Schinz erie Geogr. Ges. Liibeck, xvii., 1903, 43), under S. sedoides, Gilg. In 751, however, the filaments of the anthers are inserted in ihe inuses, and in 2750 in the tube of the corolla, otherwise they a indistinguishable. In all the other Semen the insertion of the filaments is in the tube of the coro Sebaea (Pentandria) acuminata, A. W. Hill [Gentianaceae- Exaceae] ; — ex affinitate S, longicaulis, Schinz, a qua foliis angustioribus, cymis multifloribus, flor a minoribus, antheris Eeavieilinies subeoeatlitina praesertim differ Perennis vel biennis, erecta. Caulis as em. alius, simplex. Folia opposita, numerosa, infra ovato-lanceolata internodis ali- quanto elongatis, age YR Ey meget acuta, marginibus reflexis, ‘J-1°3 em. longa, 2-4 mm. lata, subcoriacea. Flores in cymas beeasiliniiia multifloras dispositi ; ; rami 1-0-1: 7 om. longi, tenues, pedicelli circiter 1 mm. longi, bracteis linearibus. alyx 7 mm. longus, segmentis erectis anguste sr seal ae acuminatis concavis anguste alatis. Corollae longus ; lobi 5 mm. longi, 1-5-2 mm. lati, rellptee-obovaty htc Filamenta brevissima, antherae 1-1-5 mm. longae, apice glandula instructae. Stylus 4mm, longus, infra medium biglandulosus ; stigmate a T. ar Boston, alt. 3,000-4,000 ft, Wood (in Herb, British Mucho) In general habit this species is mete allied to S. cn Schinz, and is labelled on the sheet as being the same as Wood, 1 It is, however, a much — slender plant, differing from S. longicaulis in its narrow leaves, acuminate sepals, as well as in portman proportions of the Marci and the short, ‘nearly sessile, Sebaea (Pentandria) erecta, A. W. Hill [Gentianaceae-Exaceae ] ; species S. longicauli, Schinz, et S. grandiflorae, Schinz, proxima ; as nee foliis, segmentis calycis distincte alatis stigmate to, a S. grandiflora aie segmentis calycis distincte alatis fore: biglanduloso differt 329 Perennis vel biennis, erecta. Cawulis 40-50 cm. altus, simplex, rhizomate repente ramoso subterraneo. Folia opposita, restos infra magis minusve dense, supra sparse disposita, 8-10 m longa, 6-9 mm. lata, late ovata vel cordata, subacuta mal apienat, subeoriacea. Flo ‘es in cymas terminales, paucifloras 5-9 disposit rami 1:2-1-8 cm. longi, pedicelli 2-4 mm. longi, bracteis aca ae vel linearibus. Calyx 1 cm. lo ongus piety erectis 4 mm. latis ovato-oblongis apiculatis conspicue alatis, alae *5 mm. latae, medio latissimae, “Coroll ae tubus 8 mm. longus, lobi 1:1-12 cm. longi, mm. lati, obovato- oblongi, obtusi. ilamenta 2 mm. longa; antherae 3-5 mm. longae, apice glandula minuta instructae. ilee lcm. longus, prope basin biglandulosus ; stigmate capitato TRANSVAAL. Carolina nein: Liliefontein, Nicholson (in Transvaal Herbarium), 4307 This oe with S. gr andi a, Schinz, 8. longicaulis, Schinz, S. acuminata, A. W. Hill, and S. macrantha, Gilg, form a small group of Avenida allied spenton: Sebaea (Pentandria) pg ae Schinz in Bull. Herb. Boiss. II., 1894, 219; Gilg in Engl. Bot. Jahrb., xxvi, 1898, 94; Schinz in Mitteil, Geogr. Ges. Litbeck, : ft a 1903, 42. Sebaea Woodii, Gilg in Engl. Bot. Jaheb., xxvi., 94; Schinz in Mitteil. Geogr, Ges. Liibeck, xvii., 42. Sebaea crassulaefolia, Cham, et Schlecht., var. lanceolata, Schinz in Vierteljahrschr. Ziirch. Naturf. Gesellsch., xxvii., 1891, Sebaea macrosepala, Gilg in Engl. Bot. Jahrb., a fe dont in Mitteil. Geogr. Ges. Liibeck, xvii., Care Cotony. King Williamstown Div. : Perie Bush, Scott me Griqualand East: Mount Malowe, alt. 5500 ft, Tyson, 3000-4000 ft., Wood, TAL. In aswamp near Walt 3000 alt. Wood, 1844! ‘Weston, ith, Gerrard, 8351 This. Species appears to be closel “ied to 8. grandiflora, Schinz, and als —_ S.e ae a, A. W. Hill, 2 nd S. acuminata, A. pines ill, both in floral ands in a vaheiative structure. The leaves in S. midst eg tend to be ovate below, becoming lanceolate above, W -grandiflora they are cordate or bro this latter species the stigma is capitate, a hot always developed. It seems possible may be found which will link Sone 8. grandiflora Sebaea (Pontandi a) macrophylla, Gilg in Engl. Bot. Jahrb. xxvi-, 1898, 96 ; Schinz 2p Mitteil see ». Ges. Liibeck, xvii., 1903, 49. ist witlebergensis, Schinz in Mitteil. Geogr. Ges. Liibeck, D Wir ebaea i lap tamnn Gilg-ex Schinz in \itteil. Geogr. Ges, Liibock, Xvii., 49 in p 330 OaPE CoLony. King Williamstown Div. : Buffalo, near Perie, 4000 ft., Tyson, 1047! Kaffraria, Mrs. Ba rber |! Griqualand E ast : summit of Mount. Currie, alt. 6500 ft., al yoo (in MacOwan & Bolus, Herb. Norm. Austr.-Afr.) 1289b ORANGE RIVER CoLoNy. Kadzi Derg Witteberg Range, nerierats 3999 |! Biiittoland, Cooper, 713 ! TRANSVAAL. _aeecre Range, near Pilgrims Rest, in damp valleys, ale 5000 ft., McLea (in Herb. Bolus), ee ! 3099 ! I have been unable. to find any valid nction between S. macrophylla, Gilg, and S. witteber, raenss, of NEES and have therefore united them under one specie Sebaea (Pentandria) crassulaefolia, Cham. et Schlecht. in Linnaea, i, 1826, 193 ; Schinz in Vierteljahrschr. Ziirch. Naturf. Gesellsch., XXXVii., Rage ‘(in part) 5 apne. Gen. et Spec. Gent. 168, et in DC. odr, 93; Gilg in Engl. Bot. Jahrb. ZEN. Ui, "(in part) ; Schinz ri Mitteil. Qeour. Ges. Liibeck, xvii., 1903; 50 (in Lk non Baker et: Brown in Flor. Trop. Africa, Vs, ¥e5 Sebaea hymenosepala, Gilg ex Schinz Mitteil, ee Ges. Liibeck, xvii., 1903, “19 (in part). Oars CoLony. Knysna Div. : sah ee Bay Poort, Mund and Maire! Uitenhage Diy. : near Uitenhage ? alt. 1 ft. Zeyher! Ecklon-Zeyher\ British Kaffraria, Cooper, 406 ! ‘Without precise locality, Hceklon, 660! Sebaea crassulaefolia, Cham. et Schlecht. , has been the favourite repository for most of the larger Sebaeas, and out of the material so placed several distinct species have been made. Amongst these ovate, acute eck of the inflorescence. S. crassulaefolia, as now res a and many-flowered inflorescences and with keeled or ver ry narrowly winged calyx x-segments and a shortly clavate stigma. . * * ¥ quite distinct from this species, It 5 Polen: certain that S. crassulaefolia does not occur outside Cape Colon Sebaea (Pentandria) leiostyla, Gi » Gilg in Engl. Bot. aoe XXVi., 1398, 97 ; Schinz in Mitteil. Geogr, Ges. Lii Tae xvii., 1903, 32 ; Baker et ‘Brown in Flor. Trop. Airica, iv., 1, 548. ee transvaalensis, Schinz in Mitteil, Geogr. Ges. Liibeck, ues ee Gilg ; Schinz in Mitteil, Geogr ; Liibeck, xvii., OnavoE RIVER CoLony. Harrismith. Sank 175! B smith, sankey, ethlehem Richardson ! and without precise locality, Cooper, 2752 ! 2759! ; nite Peeadle Houtbosch Berg, alt. 6400 ft., Schlechter, 4720! Veld, beter amp places, alt. 4600 f., Schlechter, 4157! Hooge Reit 8 — Trigardsfontein and Standerton, Rehmann, 6755! al 5400. ft, Krook, 2016 | Ermelo Experimental Farm dry laagte, Burit Davy, 7710 places, near Vlei, Burtt Davy} — bea ng, in springy 331 NATAL. Ranges 30-60 miles from the sea, alt. 2-3000 ft., Sutherland! summit of Amajuba Hill, alt. 8000 "ft, Burtt Davi y, 747 B! and without precise locality, Gerrard, | 1983 ! NYASALAND. Buchanan, 200! 270! ‘i orth Nyasaland, Whyte! Shire Highlands, Buchanan, 208 A! near Blantyre, Last! Boise on, 236! In this species the biglandular swelling on the style is usually very small and sometimes undeveloped. No character of any vadlensis. WS. leiostyla has therefore an extended range from Nyasaland to Natal through the Transvaal and into Orange ete Colony. Buchanan, 970, the type of Gilg’s species, appea agree in all essentials with the other specimens quoted. Se EToohter"s 8 plant 4720, collected in the Houtbosch Berg, which is the type of 8. transvaalensis, Schinz, differs from other specimens Sige) in its more bushy habit and numerous axillary inflorescence Sebaea (Pentandria) paneer As Ob rpeemancrt Exaceae]; species Scr a iS. Rehmannit, ching et S. polyan Gilg, proxima cymis multifloris corymbosis segmentis ete oo, late sindaatte prope basin nee versus medium alatis differ Perennis < biennis, erecta. Caulis 17-25 cm. altus, simplex, versus apicem in cymas axillares ramosus. Folia opposita, numerosa, conferta internodis 6-12 mm. longis, orbiculari-ovata vel cordata, apiculata, 8-9 mm. longa, 11-9 mm. lata, Bub-coriaces. Flores in cymas densas multifloras corymbosas dispositi; rami 6-5 mm. longi, pedicelli circiter 2 mm. longi, bracteis foliaceis ovatis vel lineari-ovatis. Ca lyz 9-10 mm. longus, segmentis erectis m latis Grats Inildcolitis acuminatis ad basin late imbricatis gen alae 1mm. latae ad basin latissimae. Corollae tubus 6-6°5 m longus; lobi 65-8 mm. longi, 3 mm. lati, Uli hiGeohOwtL apiculati. Filamenta ‘5-75 mm. longa ; antherae 2°) mm, longae, apice glandula parva instructae. Stylus 7-8 mm. longus, prope basin biglandulosus ; stigmate ea pltaneohia, WMG Summit of Amajuba Hill, alt. 8000 ft., Burtt Davy, Sebaea (Pentandria) hymenosepala, Gilg, in Engl. Bot. Jahrb, XXvi., 1898, 89; Schinz in Mitteil. Geogr. Ges. Liibeck, xvii, 1903. ’ in part Sebaea démialata, Gilg in Engl. Bot. Jahrb., xxvi., 1898, 97; Schinz in Mitteil, Geogr. Ges. Liibeck, xvii., 1903, 6. Biennis vel annua (?), erecta. Caulis 15-28 em. altus, e basi Tamosus. Folia opposita, infra conferta, late orbiculari-ovata vel subrenifo ormia, obtusa vel apiculata, 6-9 mm. longa, 8 mm,— 2 cm. 4si minute bi-glandulosae. Stylus 6-7 mm. longus, cee biglandulosus ; stigmate capitato vel brevissime clavato, 332 CAPE CoLony. Alexandria Div.: Zuurberg Range, Bolus, 9122! at Doon Nek and Bontjes River, alt. 2000-3000 ft., Drege! Albany Div.: near Grahamstown on mountain slopes, in moist places, alt. 2200 ft., Galpin, 375! Atherstone, 477! Misses Daly & Sole, 468! Pappe! Stockenstrom Div.: Katherg, Shaw! Komgha iy.: between Sandplaat and Komgha, alt. 2200-3200 ft., Drége, 49211! Transkei: Kreili’s Country, Bowker! Valleys near Kentani, alt. 1000 ft., Miss Pegler, 906! Pondoland: near Umtamvuna, Bachmann,1040 ! without precise locality, Krebs, 232! Griqualand lore Maclear Div.: near Klein Pot River, alt. 4500 ft., Galpin, 6774 | Sebaea hymenosepala, Gilg, var. grandiflora, A. W. Hill, a specie typica foliis numerosis reniformibus vel orbicularibus, internodis supra elongatis, cymis paucifloris aliquanto pendulis, segmentis calycis latioribus et lobis corollae 9 mm. longis, 6 mm. latis orbiculari-ovatis praecipue differt. CAPE COLONY. Mount Fletcher Div.: Doodmans Kraus Mountain, Drakensberg Range, alt. 8850 ft., Galpin, 6776! This variety is most closely related to Shaw’s specimen from the Katberg. Gilg, after careful examination of all available materi under the name S. hymenosepala, Gilg. This species is evidently closely allied to S. Rehmanii, Schinz, from the Transvaal. Both ese species agai @ very similar to S. Rudolfii, Schinz, (§ Belmontia) in general appearance, but that is easily distinguished by the insertion and character of the anthers, Of the other plants referred by Schinz (in Mitteil. Geogr. Ges. Liibeck, xvii. 49) to §. hymenosepala, Gilg, MacOwan, 16, has been referred to S. fastigiata, A. W. Hill; Cooper, 406, to S. crassulaefolia, Cham. et Schlect.; and Cooper, 713, to S. macrophylla, Gilg. Sebaea (Pentandria) fastigiata, A. W. Hill [ Gentianaceae- Exaceae]; species ex affinitate 9. hymenosepalae, Gilg, caulibus multi-ramosis, foliis ovatis acutis antheris que longioribus prae- sertim differt, | Perennis vel biennis, erecta. Caulis 25-35 cm. altus ramis axillaribus numerosis instructus, Folia opposita, numerosa, conferta, late ovata, acuta, 8-10 mm. longa, 8-14 mm, lata, magis minusve coriacea. Flores in cymas axillares numerosas paucifloras” laxe dispositi, ramis axillaribus elongatis foliaceis ; rami inflores- medio latissimae. Oorollae tubus circiter 7 mm. Ion lobi 0 t , gus; lobl 7-8 mm. longi, 3-5-5 mm. lati, obovati. Filamenta 1-1-5 mm. 333 longa; antherae 3-4 mm. longae, apice glandula basi glandulis nullis vel minutis instructae. Stydws 7-9 mm. longus, versus basin biglandulosus ; stigmate capitato. Sebaea crassulaefolia, Cham, et Schlecht.; Schinz in Mitteil. Geogr. Ges. Liibeck, xvii., 1903, 50, in part. Sebaea hymenosepala, Gilg ex Schinz in Mitteil. Geogr. Ges, Liibeck, xvii., 1903, 49, in part. CAPE CoLoNy. George Div.: near George, Prior! Albany Div.: mountains near Grahamstown, alt. 2000 ft., Zeyher, 205! Cooper, 25! MacOwan, 16! Signal Hill, near Grahamstown, Schinland, 16! Howisons Poort, Schénland! Bathurst Div. : Port Alfred, Miss Sole, 468! S. Thodeana, Gilg, cymis confertioribus, floribus minoribus glan- dulis terminalibus antherae flavis praesertim differt. Perennis, procumbens. Caulis 5-10 cm. longus, ramosus, repens, caulibus floriferis erectis 5-7 em. altis, Folia opposita, nunc sparsa nune congesta, spathulata vel orbiculari-spathulata, subpetiolata, ‘8-14 cm. longa, 6-8 mm, lata, sabcarnosa. Flores in cymas capitatas densas multifloras dispositi ; rami circiter 4 mm. longi, tis anguste alatis, Oorollae tubus 6 mm. longus ; PRES 30-4 mm. lati, spathulati, subacuti. Filamenta brevissima In sinti- bus vel paullo infra corollae sinos inserta ; an haat longae, apice uniglandulosae, glandulae 1 mm. longae, adit ee biglandulosac.. Stylus 5 mm. longus, prope basin peers eee stigmate capitato. ORANGE RIvER CoLoNy. Summit of Mont anx Sources, alt. 9500 ft., Flanagan, 2079 ! : Sebaea repens, Schinz, be on the border between forms together pee : | Marlothii, Gilg, an hodeana, Gin g hat isolated | . A ich occur natural group of creeping or rosette-forming plants, which ocet in the a Dal Hi a S. procumbens, A. Ww. sa grieoe aprished from S. repens and S. enna a ial ‘reotedt in : itate cymes; ! 7 iIntlorescence-stalks and dense capitate ms. spathulata. As in 33407 . 334 S. repens, the apical glands of the anthers are yellow, whilst S. Marlothii, 8. Thodeana and 8. spathulata are characterised by the possession of black glands at the apices of the anthers. With regard to the insertion of the filaments of the anthers, © in S. repens this takes place in the sinuses of the corolla, in colour of the corolla, and they also tend to form definite rosettes of elongate spathulate leaves, whilst the allied species are essentially creeping in habit. S. spathulata is further easily marked off from the others in the character of its style, the apex of which is © always below the base of the anthers, and in this character it shows affinity with the peculiar and a lous creeping species S. Thomasii, Schinz, which should probably be also included in this group. _ Sebaea (Pentandria) spathulata, Steud. ex Griseb., in DC. Prodr., ix., 1845, 53 ; Schinz in Bull. Herb. Boiss., ser. IL., vi., 1906, 732. Belmontia spathudata, B. Mey. ), 183; Griseb, in DC. Prodr., ix. 55, ey..Comm., 1835, 183; Griseb. i Belmontia Flanaganii, Schinz. j iss., iil. 1895, 413. ganu, Schinz, in Bull, Herb. Boiss., iii., aie ta Flanaganii, Schinz, in Bull. Herb. Boiss., ser. II. vin CaPE CoLoNy. Aliwal iv.: Wi . 7500 ft., Drdge' twal North Div.: Witteberg Range, alt BASUTOLAND Shady banks of Buffalo Ri , iver, above the water- Snag pha 8100 ft., Galpin, 6778 ! summit of Mont aux Sources, (in s tt., Flanagan, 20801! Giant's Castle, alt. 6000 ft., Guthrie in Herb. Bolus), 4881 ! Ruellenberg, Flanagan, 2080! have no hesitation in referring § 4 baea Flanaganii to S. spathu- lata, Steud., after having see fs eg I. ‘ 3 f n th 8 herbarium, The write a Satie @ type of the latter in Meyer S. spathulata is somewh i i t ; at variable in the size of its flowers and va a ef the filaments of the anthers are inserted in the ing stom: wht appears that §. spathulata possesses a short creep- 5 »W ch bears rosettes of spathulate leaves. : : alge ars is distinguished from all other Sebaeas, with the exception of i 3 , ores below the heat ces Schinz, in having the apex of the also appears to be absent i 335 of Sebaea, it seems possible that the explanation offered above may _be the true one. Both in 8. spathulata and S. Thodeana the corolla is of a somewhat fleshy nature, and is of a texture unlike that usually met with in the genus, Sebaea (Pentandria) Thomasii, Schinz {Gentianaceae-Exaceae ] in Bull. Herb. Boiss., ser. II., iii., 1906, 743; descr. emend. et ampl., A. W. Hill. Species distinctissima, nulli arcte affinis, habitu procumbens vel more Gentianae floribus conspicuis solitariis stylo breve insignis. Perennis vel biennis, procumbens. Caulis ramosus, repens, aliquanto radicibus e nodis instructus, 12-22 em. longus vel adscen- ens, I-4 cm. altus. Folia opposita, numerosa, nunc sparsa, inter- nodis *6-1:2 em. longis, nune congesta, rosulata more Gentianae vernae, L., ovata vel orbiculari-ovata, ‘8-1'4 cm. longa, 4 mm.-1*2 cm. lata, obtusa vel subacuta, paullo apiculata, coriacea, supra vernicosa. Flores plerumque solitarii terminales. Calyx 1:1-1:2 cm. longus, aac 1 ¢ WW2..42 7 pele a . Le L YY) - in tubum brevem connatis. Corollae tubus cylindricus, 1:2-2'2 em. longus ; Jobi 1:0-1:3 em. longi, 6-8 mm. lati, ovato-unguiculati, acuti. Filamenita 1 mm. longa, infra sinos corolle 3-6 mm. inserta ; antherae 2°5-3 mm. longae, apice glandula flava stipitata ‘“fo-l'0 mm. longa, basi glandulis duabus minoribus instructae Stylus circiter 4 mm. longus, stigmate clavato, 2-3:5 mm. longo ; apice staminum insertionem haud attingente. Capsula ovoidea. Semina parva. Parasia Thomasii, 8. L. Moore in Journ. Bot., xxxix., 1901, 260, et in Journ. Bot., xlv., 1907, 154. CAPE CoLoNny. Fort Beaufort Div.: top of the Winterberg Range, Fraser ! ORANGE RIVER COLONY. Mont aux Sources, in damp places, alt. 6500-10000 ft., Flanagan (in Herb. Bolus), 8215! Bolus, 10664, partly! without precise locality, Pateshall Thomas ! NATAL. Tabamhlope, alt. 6000 ft., Wylie (in Herb. Wood), 10639! Giants Castle Pass, alt 8-10000 ft. Wylie (in Herb, Wood) rene Giants Castle, alt. 8000 ft., Guthrie (in Herb. Bolus), 4882, partly ! This species is the most distinct member of the genus Sebaea and in general appearance hardly suggests that it should be placed in the genus. It is a very variable plant, with either long procum- bent stems rooting at the nodes, or forming small rosettes Megha similar in appearance to plants of Gentiana verna, and in either ca 33407 B2 336 As the species was originally described by Moore from a single specimen, which was not seen by Schinz, it has seemed advisable to give a fresh diagnosis of the species from an examination of a more complete series of specimens. EXOCHAENIUM, Griseb. in DC. Prodr. ix., 1845, 55; Schinz in Bull. Herb. Boiss., ser. I1., vi., 1906, 744. This genus is distinguished from Sebaea owing to the presence of a ring of disk-scales between the calyx and the corolla. The stamens are inserted in the corolla-tube. The style also does not possess the biglandular swelling typical of Sebaea, and the stigma is elongate-clavate. The genus includes 11 species in Tropical Africa, with one species, H. grande, Griseb., in Natal, Orange River Colony and Transvaal. Exochaenium was distinguished from Belmontia, E. Mey., by Grisebach, owing to the character found by him in the anthers :— “ Antherae erectae, loculorum pariete interna inter se connatae, rima inde extrorsum aperta dehiscentes,” v. Griseb., in DC. Prodr., ix., 95; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. ii., 804. As this observation was not confirmed either by Welwitsch or by Bentham and Hooker, the genus was not maintained in the Genera Plantarum. Grise~ bach’s genus, as has been stated above, was made to receive the single species Belmontia grandis, E. Mey.,.a heterostyled plant. It seems clear that Grisebach must have examined only the long- styled flower, in which the anthers are concrescent and extrorse (v. fig. B, 4), and that both Welwitsch and Bentham and Hooker found only the short-styled flowers in which the anthers are always e © concrescent extrorse anthers appear to occur in only about two Species of the genus. Section Euexochaenium, Schinz. nde, Griseb. E. platypterum, Schinz. LE. pumilum, A. W. Hill. Section Pseudotachiadenus, Schinz. EF. chi t inz. Of these species, W. grande 7 florum are dimorphie, 2?” @*ranthum, and E, primulae- * 337 ._ EK. gracile and E. de var. homostylum, have stigma and anthers at the same leve . Baumianum has ene ene flowers, Mensa in #. debile E. platypterum. E.. pumilum, E. chionanthum, and E. Teuszii the flowers have short styles. From the scanty sitesi it is not possible to say whether any other species are dimorphic, though it seems highly probable pri two forms of flower will be found in the larger flowered specie EHxochaenium Psieneten Schinz in Bull. Herb. Boiss., vi., 1906, 808, has been oe from the list given above. This pla nt was described under the name of Belmontia Mechowiana, Vatke fide Schinz in Vierteljahrschr. Naturf. Gesellsch., xxxvii., 333, and placed under Hxoch aenium i in Bull. Herb, Boiss., vi. 1906, 808 It is, I believe, a species of Tachiadenus, both on account of the absence of the dilak-glanida at the base of the calyx, and more especially of the character of its elongated style, equal in length to the He sphetiaky with its short bilobed stigma some distance above the anther The lakiatoocis of this plant from Angola to the genus Tachia- denus is of some p nies since all the other species of the genus have been found in Madagascar. ey den A, W. Hill. Belmontia Mechowiana, Vatke ex Schinz in Vierteljahrschr. Naturf. Gosalleot Ziirich, xxxvii., 1891, 333 ; Baker et Brown in Flor. Trop. Africa, 1¥. da 20s poke of Chironia 8 S. Africa ; C. linoi s, C. lychnoides : and Berg ascertain definitely what the eae are. TS.) although the ng given is Beker by citations that in the m LAM 13) we ea that in 1783 h moe specimens of 0. true Chironiae. sant were C. lychnoides, nile which he acto 354 that the account of Linnaeus does not agree with that bie Bergius, ae explained that he had no authentic | specimen, adding—* Nous ns dans notre Herbier une plant e de ce genre que pag pardit posvoir se rapporter é a cette espece”; C. li noides, as to which he has arked—* on en trouve une variété beaucoup plus petite ” C. cre ahah proposed as a new species ; and C. jasmin noides. ty 6 written “C. melam mpyrifolia, lam. ill.” The specimen doubtfully referred to CO. lychnoides in 1783 is thus the actual specimen on which Lamarck based his diagnosis ‘of C. melampyrifolia published (ill. Gen., i, p. 479) in 1791. This species was more fully characterised’ by Poiret TP neyc. Meth. Suppl., ii., p. 233) in 1811. It is one of the most distinct and one of the most widely spread characterised on three subsequent occasions ; by Ecklon in 1830 as O. perfoliata ; _ Meyer in 1837 as C. hot Saha by Paxton in 1849 as C. glutinosa The specimen which Lamacék has named O. linoides occupies.a special sheet ; it is the well-known garden-plant, C. linoides, Linn. Another sheet which bears the Laer in Lamarck’s handwriting— * paroi it n’etre qu’une variété du Chironia linoide es,” has t specimens ; the smaller of these is (. Jinoides, Thunb., not of Linn. (C. gracilis, st the larger is C. linoides, Berg., not of Linn. (C. emarginata, Jarosz). The s sheet on which Lamarck has written “Chironia uniflora. enc.” has the actual specimen described Biel te eg i. ok p. 737), and figured (Zi. Gen., t. 108, f. 3) as C. uniflora This specimen represents the form of C. tetragona, ‘Linn. oe deseribed forma incladed by’ X. Meyer er in 1837 in his C. satirdppines wah linearis, - In 1839 and again in 1845 Grisebach has described wamarck’s figure as bad; the figure, however, represents with Baality the _Specimen from which it was drawn ; Grisebach’s adverse criticism has proba ably Samiesk testis obs thie fact Abate Sail cont it to another species which, naturally, it does not well rsa ps by Burmann, to which every botanist, prior to Thunberg, Siven the name C. jas louse eh and they re ees the only species that accords in all respects with Linnaeus’s original d escrip- tion of C. — — deg og hs —, ‘that Lamarck’s . ety This is not the case; the specimen C.jasminoides, Linn. It is, however, 355 form of C. jasminoides which the younger Linnaeus did name C. nudicaulis, and that Lamarck has affixed this small carton to his original sheet of OC. jasminoides. ix Species of Chironia from South Africa, In 1803 he prepared a fuller account of these; this was published (Trans. Linn. Soc., vii., pp. 248-253) in 1804. The information then given was repeated in 1813 (Flor. Cap.,ii., pp. 107-11 1). The paper printed by the Linnean which is the Linnean species so named, and therefore is Orphium JSrutescens, . Mey. The other four species only become intelligible A’ In the Thunberg herbarium, C. baccifera is represented by one sheet with two specimens. These specimens differ slightly ; one represents typical C. baccifera, Linn. ; the other is 0. baceifera, var. Burchellii. There is only one sheet marked C. linoides in the Thunberg herbarium ; the species represented is not C. linoides, Linn., but C. gracilis, Salisbe C. lychnoides SHO: A shu? The plant which Thunberg described as C. jasminoides we nee in cannot be C. jasminoides, Linn., a ecobites in es . * ; e a8 originally described by carer a ‘te subulate bracts, Whereas GC, jasminoides, Thunb., as described by Thunberg, has 356 alternate divaricate branches with spreading leaves that have reflexed tips and edges, solitary flowers on terminal peduncles that are continuous with the branches, and an angular calyx with ovate acute lobes. The herbarium of Thunberg contains three sheets on which the name C. jasminoides has been written. That to which the description of C.jasminoides, Thunb., not of Linn., applies ; it is the only Chironia that has solitary flowers and an angular calyx and that at the same time has divaricate branches with spreading leaves that have reflexed tips and edges. The ed from typical C. tetragona in having the leaves sub-elliptic instead f ovate; this form has been considered by referable to typical C. tetragona rather than to var. linearis. The that Thunberg has given a description of OC. jasminoides which is applicable only to C. melampyrifolia, Lamk; that he has associated with this species in his herbar Cc. tetragona, var. linearis, E. Mey., which is represented in his herbarium by Sheet 6; in particular, it was this form that reached the younger Linnaeus along with the original specimens of C. tetragona and C. nudicaulis. This specimen of OC. tetragond, var. linearis, is still in the Linnean Herbarium, and still mis- represents C. jasminoides, Linn., in that collection Of the sixteen species attribut emilee 1797 (Sp. Pl., i epg 106 uted by WILLDENOW to Chironia in i, 2, pp. 1065-1071 sa hit herbarium by speci sie 071) that are represented in hi belong to the genus. afforded an opportunity of examining these specimens, which . No. 4500, marked “ Fleuron, W.,” and named C. jasminoides, is Thunb Lamk, and is therefore the plant described by unberg as C. jasminoides, but is not C. jasminoides, Linn. ; m nd ¢ a inn.; 4505, marked “ Wendland W.,” and named: PM ttreris 18 the true C. linoides, Linn. ; finally 4506, marked Tannnemian, W.,” and named C. baccifera, is the true C. baccifera, | When R. Brown, in 1810 (Prodr. Ni i in - - Nov. Hoill., i., 451), first placed the genus Chironia on a sound footing, he tsaepatoed five 307 legitimate and two doubtful species. The specimens at the British useum indicate that C. jasminoides, R. Br., is the true C. jas- minoides, Linn.; there are specimens in the: British Museum C. lychnoides, R. Br., not the original C. lychnoides, Berg. ; although there is no sheet on which Brown has written the name C. lychnoides, the authentic h and C. tetragona, enumerated by Brown, are the plants so named by the younger Linnaeus. Brown’s C. baccifera is C. baceifera, Not long after the appearance of Brown’s important note a Species unknown in early collections found its way into European gardens, and was cultivated under the name C. jasminoides. An account of this plant, which is not C. jasminoides, Linn., and is not either of the species dealt with under O. jasminoides by Thun- berg, appeared in 1817 (Bot. Reg., iii., t. 197). In this case there 18 no doubt as to the plant intended; the figure supplied by DWARDS is excellent, and the description, presumably written by Ker-Gawler, is full and accurate. Specimens of the plant occur in various contemporary collections, notably one at Kew, originally in the Herbarium of Sir W. Hooker, and one at Cambridge, originally in the Lindley Herbarium. This species agrees with both the species treated by Thunberg as C. jasminoides in having an angled calyx, and in having solitary flowers on terminal peduncles that are conti with the branches. It agrees tolerably well as regards foliage with the form of C. tetragona, Linn. f,, with sub-elliptic leaves that occurs on sheet y of C. jasminoides, : saree tere SE for having detected this fact and for supplying the Rect sons 1 used in substitution for the name C. jasminoides, which a in contemporary plant-lists, and which, we know, did not indicate either C. jasminoides, Linn., jasminoides, Thunb., because R er ® a, @ o 2 5. ° ta 5 ~ < an) 2 fa) = ® ae S = > x “2 = & ry 2 id a 9 = incidence. This, as the evidence ad 3 cane. But if this evidence had been less conclusive than it is, all doubt 358 as to the incidence of the name is removed by the fact that Wend- land, who grew the species at Herrenhausen under the name C. tabularis, presented a specimen so named to E. Meyer, among whose plants it still is. C C. Srutescens, dealt with in both places, is C. frutescens, Linn. (Orphium frutescens, E. Mey Chamisso and Schlechtendal their variety _£B glabra from corresponding precisely to C. caryophylloides, Linn, (C. angustifolia, Sims). C. linoides, alluded to in 1826 and C. lychnoides, more fully dealt with then, were treated by Chamisso in 1831 as forms of one. rape for which he Sed a new name, ©. vulgaris, Cham. >eeesigien Cham. & Schlecht, (1826), and C. vulgaris, a linoides, — 1831), are found from the specimens so named to be i sector and to be the true C. linoides, Linn. Chamigso explained C. a1 that C. lychnoides, Cham. & Schlecht, (1826), included /. vulgaris, 3 PA Cham., and (. vulgaris, y lychnoides, 0 359 corresponds to “ts phic ee & Schlecht., not of Berg. (1826) so far as the forms (2) with ovate acuminate calyx-lobes and 3) with narrow triangalar¢ seis lobes are siincisbaclis42} of 1826 being that portion of 8 intermedia of 1831 with “rather short” calyx-lobes, wale (3) of 1826 is 6 hadosaargre ¥ iB intermedia with “elongated” calyx-lobes. On t dC. vulgaris, y lychnoides, Cham Ast: slg a= he C. ehioidok Cham. & Schlecht., not of Berg. (1 wad so far tend wi nd qe (1) with acad rounded abide lat calyx-lobes ° 6 Chamisso and Schlechtendal hat ssa sa) their C. lych- icin which is very unlike C. seed Linn., sake i: le it includes at least tw wo pie forms, is not e n part identical with the original C. lychnoides, ros corresponds to C. emarginata, J se a species ry gt in 1821 (Pl. Nov. Cap., p. 11). They were, however, unable to take up this ce partly because Jarosz did not attach his deisouaenson to the specimens > serra to be remembered that when Jarosz pro roposed the recognition of his C. emarginata, the object he had in view was that at «oars ie a and Schlechtendal themselves were ren An ek to attain this object, though possibly an unconscious one, was made by Bergius in 1767, when he limited the name C. linoides to the plant for the first time incorporated by Linnaeus in aap species in 1774, and proposed for the true C. /inoides the new name C. lychnoides. We have no means of judging whether Bergius intended the name C, linoides it be restricted to the effect the n Melon vei —for Lamarck’s (variété beaucoup = petite), is y Seete with C. lee a reas Lin, & Schlect., not of Berg. nor of Linn.— e included bo Whar nean plants that are alien < bes noida in his are y hunter the attempt was repeated a third time in ahi t rp we have seen that, although ay 7 ychnoides, Thunb., is oe ee a dealt with, the probability is that he roe this name to apply to the true C. linoides, ag had actually fortuitous and not deliberate, because un ticks gathered, and issued as C. linvides, specimens of the pee Ww 360 Linnaeus did not incorporate in C. linoides till 1774. He there- fore, like Lamarck in 1783, and like Chamisso and Schlechtendal in 1826, looked upon these two plants as conspecific, and the fact that he retained ‘nt one of them in his own herbarium was no doubt an aeciden n further consideration Chamisso decided, in 1831, that, after all, the three plants in question might be treated as conspecific, he adopt ed Lamarck’s treatment in so far as typical C. linoides, amk (the true C. linoides, Linn.), is concerned, and ent one step further than Lamarck in treating as two distinct varieties the two plants which Lamarck had treated as one vari misso name C. emarginata to cover both C. vulgaris, {> intermedia, Cham., and CO. vulgaris, y lychnoides, Cham., the decheipttod 4 itself excludes 8 i B intermedia and applies only to 0. vulgaris, y lych- udicaulis was only alluded to in 1826. In 1831 Chamisso treated the origin a C. nudicau is, Linn. f., as one Aides (a tabu- C. pon iy Linn., and Chamisso was clearly coe in treating this plant and C. nudicaulis, Linn. f., as_ varieties of one gto es. was aware of the existence of Page’s name. The epithet is appropriate for C. iirveaealatied since this form is almost exclusively restricted to Table Mounta K. MEYER in 1837 em Pl. Afr. Austr, ii., pp. 177-182) described the gs fay comes in South Afric a by Drége. On é é exactly synonymous, It so appens, however, that all pa ietls e ge represent ©. caryophylloides, Linn. (C. angustifolia, Sims), so yeti, as pra: - he O. Prinisecitit K. Mey., is really var, B angustifolia seb. © species of Gen ee "are by Meyer as types of Tw another genus, Plocandra Me haNe was divided into tw ey. P. albens, the first of these, B radicata. The latte Wiceninn var. foliata. The other species, P. purpwrascens was rightly referred to Chi. pecies, £. purp : (Gen. Pl., ii., p. 805). Gore 1876 eee oe ee C. arenaria, B. Mey., as describe Univ hie tenes {orolla-lobes, With, it Drége pont tae cncihelt eaves : gen not covered by the destiiption + thia wae ane corolla-lobes which is : along with C. arenaria proper. Schoch, who detected this 361 confusion in 1902, has meee the second form as C. mediocris ll. Herb. > (Bu Boiss., ser. 2, e ADL ie te eee only a variety, though a very distin! one, of C. aren The s ‘oes onal named (. baccifera by E. perriin sepisbeni three varieties. Those from Nieuwekloof are C. baccifera, Linn. ; those from the Zwartkops River are var. grandiflora, “Gr iseb. ; those from Paarlberg are var. Burchellii. ©. baccifera, var. elongata, E. Mey., is a long-peda neled ies but sig a distinct variety, of C. baccifera, Linn. ; var. dilatata, BE. Mey., tcl a distinct and valid variety, almost entitled to rank as a species. CO. jasminoides, E. Mey., is the a eo as C. jas- minoides by Edwards (Bot. Reg., i i th. 97) 32 at charedote is C. tabularis, Page. From a note a specimen in Meyer’s herbarium we learn that Meyer was wile that this species had been named C. tabularis, but that Meyer had been unable to ascertain when or by whom the name had been applied. C. latifolia, E. Mey. (1837), is C.peduncularis, Lindl., Bot, Reg., xxi., t. 1803 (1836). The specimens named C. linoides by E. Meyer cure three species. Those from Rondebosch, from Ezelsbank an the Kaffirkuils River belong to C. linoides, Linn. That from perieey thal is a narrow-leaved form of OC. Zeyheri, a species only known from Clanwilliam Division ; that from Elands Kloof is the form of C. vulgaris, 3 intermedia, Cham. (C. gracilis, Salisb.), with rather short obtuse calyx-teeth. The form of C. vulgaris, 3 intermedia, Cham., with elongated calyx-teeth, has been treated by Meyer as a distinct variety of CO. linoides (var. subulata, EK. Mey.). C. lychnoides, EB. Mey., is not, as Meyer thought, C. lychnoides, Berg. (C. linoides, Linn.). It is not quite C. Tychnoides, Linn. (C. Jasminoides, var. vimined, Griseb.), but it is very nearly so, because it is C. elongata, Eckl. (the narrow-leaved form of true C. jasminoides, Linn.). C. melampyri olia, H. Me 1837), is not C. melampyrifolia, Lamk, but He A tees viously od cate species, which has since been named C. axa, Gilg, Engl. Bot. Jahrb., xxvi., p. "105 (1898). C. ese pone E. Mey., is O. nudicaulis, Linn. f. (C. jasminoides, var. tabularis). ’ 1837) is C. ser pyllifolia, Lehm., Ind. Sem Hort. OE athe eee 8 28), ; The specimens represent two varieties, fae from Van sacauabent being var. microphylla, Griseb. C. speciosa, E. Mey. (1837), is C. melampyrifolia, Lamk, Ill. Gen., i. p. 479 (1791). C. tetragona, as understood by - el cannot well be improved, includes our ret oe Theat “ (2) ith mi ‘a on sheet y of Her by Thun g, Lintiys @) with Lamk); (4) with inoides, Bear leaves (a form pire by T unberg as C. jas Thunb., not = Linn., and represented on sheet / and in part on er pe his treatment oe Be i ith ova 362 sheet y of C. jasminoides in Herb. Thunb., but not covered by Thunberg’s description). Forms (1) and (2) together constitute C. tetragona, a ovata, E. Mey. ; forms (3) and (4) together consti- Mey. tute C. tetragona, f linearis, E. Mey named by Grisebach himself, that the citations under habitat are intended to be representative rather than exhaustive. At the same time he has set another pitfall for the unwary by reason of his quoting among these representative specimens plants referred to by other authors which he has intimated, by the omission of the verification symbol, that he did not himself examine. This involves the necessity, perhaps not always taken into account, for a closer study of Grisebach’s ipsissima verba than is essential . in the case of authors who adduce large suites of specimens in care, and in no case are we left in doubt as to the particular form intended, even when the Specimens cited are not all in accerd with each other and with the diagnoses. Chironia frutescens, Griseb. (1839), is C. Srutescens, Linn., sub- divided after the fashion adopted by Chamisso and Schlechtendal in 1826, with, however, the recognition of an additional variety y orthostylis, and the alteration of the name B glabra, Cham. Jolia, Griseb., corresponds more precisely with the limits of C. caryophylloides, Linn, (C. angustifolia, Sims), than does the variety 3 rit ha Cham. & Schlecht. ; Grisebach’s name is therefore Chironia Krebsii, Griseb, (1839), is a valid species. Chironia nudicaulis, Griseb. (1839), is treated after the fashion adopted by Chamisso in 1831, with the recognition of an addi- tional variety, y viminea. Grisebach’s typical C. nudicaulis is C. nudicaulis, a tabularis, Cham., and is therefore CO. nudicaulis, n. f, (C. jasminoides, 3 tabularis). But C. nudicaulis B elongata, Cham., which is based on specimens from the Cape Flats and is @, elongata, Eckl. n. 175 (C. jasminoides, Linn.), was less comprehensive than 0. nudicaulis, 3 elongata, Griseb., because: Grise as included, along with Hcklon’s n. 175, both the form of true C. jasminoides with broader leaves and another form 363 collected by Ecklon at Voormansbosch near Swellendam, which is the type of C. nudicaulis, 3 multiflora, Eekl. (C. jasminoides, y multiflora). Grisebach’s CO. nudicaulis, y viminea is of especial interest because it represents (. lychnoides, Linn., not of Berg. (C. jasminoides, B viminea), Chironia peduncularis, Griseb. (1839), is Lindley’s species so named. Chironia maritima, Griseb. (1839), is C. maritima, Kckl., published (South Afr. Quart. Journ., i., p. 370) in 1830. The name may be maintained because the original C. maritima, Willd., happens to be an Hrythraea. Chironia jasminoides, Griseb. (1839), is not C. jasminoides, Linn., because C. jasmin minoides, Thunb., does not stand the test of closer scrutiny. In the first place the gathering from Swellendam in plage Herbarium, which is a mixture of three different things was ca actually seen by Grisebach. In the second place the figure - C. uniflora, Lamk, which represents with fidelity the specime are accounted for independently by Grisebach ; C. perfoliata, Ae which Grisebach mph cs C. Ty - tetragona, var. brevifolia, Griseb., ; Lamk G tetragona, ue inearis, E. Mey). ; ba ag rt aription of OC. Lar vigitigie ee wiile the seal of he mpyrifolia, Lamk, os OE a tslsebook himself points de every form of CO. tetragona. : folia with These identifications of specimens of C. melee with ; C. jasminoides are not the only instances | 364 there is in Herb. Kew another sheet of C. melampyrifolia which Grisebach has himself named C. jasminoides ; however, in this case, he has added the note :—“ these specimens approach to CO. perfoliata, Eckl.” In one or two cases also, in various collections, Grisebach has, in spite of the caution he himself enjoined, attached the name C. jasminoides to specimens of C. tetragona, var. linearis. But Grisebach has explained that his C. jasminoides is nearly allied to C. tetragona, and Knoblauch has even suggested (Bot. Centralol., Ix., p. 328) that the two may be but forms of one species. The majority of the specimens named C. jasminoides by Grise- bach belong, however, to a plant with which his description does agree in every respect. This plant is one that was collected by Keklon in various localities in the Caledon Div., and that consti- tutes part of OC. jasminoides, Cham., but not of Linn. nor of Thunb. ; it is a form or variety of C. tabularis, Page. Berg. The plant intended was collected by Ecklon on the Cape Flais and constitutes the remaining part of C. jasminoides, Cham., h the type, quoted a gathering by Thunberg as representing his var. lychnoides ; he also has mentioned a plant with much longer near Cape Town, and is C. maritima, Eckl., Willd. Thunberg’s plant, however, we may exclude from consideration, for Grisebach never saw it; the specimen of C. maritima may also be neglected, for Grisebach has admitted that it does not quite agree with the plant he intended. The plant Grisebach had in view 18 a variety of his own C. scabrida, and is as widely different Shee lychnoides, Linn., as it is from the original C. lych- forms that composes C. jasminoides, Cham., not of Linn. and not concerned ; while C. Jasminoides, Cham., so far as the specimens rom. the Cape District are conc ANS des B lychnoides, Griseb, erned, has become C. jasminoides, Chironia tetragona, Griseb (1839), is C : : » & . . tetragona, Linn. f. Grisebach has proposed a variety, B brevifolia, which is based on 365 specimens collected by Ecklon in the plains under the mountains of Winter Hoek, Uitenhage. These specimens represent the plant named C. uniflora by Lamarck ; they therefore belong to C. tetragona, 8 linearis, B. Mey. (1837). Chironia scabrida, Griseb. (1839), is a valid species. The i i which the species is based is at Berlin; this form has never been collected again. ‘The usual form or variety of this species is the plant named by Grisebach C. jas- minoides, 3 lychnoides. Tt has long been known, for it is among the oldest plants at Leiden and bears there the unpublished name C. obiusiflora. Old specimens of the same form, now at the British Museum, bear another unpublished name, C. liguli- Jolia, Salish. Chironia perfoliata, Griseb. (1839), is C. perfoliata, Eckl., South Afr. Quart. Journ., i., p. 870 (1830), and is therefore C. melam- pyrifolia, Lamk. ~Chironia linoides, Griseh. (1839), is divided into two forms, a typical and a variety ; longifolia. C, linoides, Griseb., is not C. linoides, Linn., but is exactly equivalent to 0. lychnoides, Cham. & Schlecht., not of Berg. (1826); it therefore includes C. gracilis, Salisb., and C. emarginata, Jarosz. Grisebach knew and distinguished these two component forms, for C. uniflora, Ecekl., not of Lamk, which he has cited, is identical with C. emar- Chironia baccifera, Griseb. (1839), is partly C. haccifera, Linn., ta baccifer & riseb, ( ee Py : Raye Chironia serpyltifolia, Griseb. (1839), is C. serpyllifolia, Lehm. Ind. Sem. Hore Hanh. p. 16 (1828), Grisebach has added two Varieties 3 laxa, and y microphylla; neither variety is very distinet ; 8 Jara may only be a form drawn up 4) Saperkie among grasses ; y microphylla may only be a somewhat depaupe condition due to its presence in poor soil. nae ; In the second monograph Grisebach has accepted Meyer's genus Orphium, so that Ohironia Srutescens, iD 1s VARS Ce of 1839, became in 1845° Orphium frutescens, with a B angustifolia, Griseb. d his Grisebach also accepted Meyer’s pte fStey., (Chironia P. purpurascens (1845) is P. purpur f ca May. (1837), has purpurascens, Bth. & Hk. f.). h : red of its two been renamed P. palustris, Griseb. (1845); the o 83407 366 forms has been reversed, so that P. palustris, Griseb. (C. palustris, Burch.), corresponds to P. albens, 3 radicata, K. ; ). Grisebach has, moreover, reduced C. Krebsii, Griseb. (1839), to P. palustris, Griseb. (1845); the two plants are, however, specifically separable, and Grisebach’s reduction has led to the unnecessary republication of his original species as C. densiflora by Scott Elliot, in 1891 (Journ. Bot. xxix., p. 69 Chironia nudicaulis, Griseb. (1845), has been treated as it was in 1839, except that C. lychnoides, EK. Mey. (1837), not of Berg., has been correctly reduced to 3 elongata. Chironia peduncularis, Griseb. (1845), has been treated as in 1839, except that C. latifolia, E. Mey. (1837), has been correctly reduced to this species. Chironia maritima, Griseb. (1845), has had its natural character vitiated by the reduction here of 0. melampyrifolia, E. Mey Chironia jasminoides, Griseb. (1845), was treated as in 1839, except that the alien forms cited in 1839 under ( lychnoides, Griseb., have been excluded. Chironia tetragona, Griseb. (1845), has been treated as in 1839 so far as the typical form is concerned. Grisebach has retained as C. uniflora, La as, however, at the same time recognised C. tetragona, var. linearis, BE. Me 1837), which includes C. uniflora, Lamk. The limits of both varieties are further ‘ h 1e thing as C. jasminoides, 8 lychnoides, Griseb. (C. scabrida, B ligulifolia). Chironia scabrida, Griseb. (1845), has been treated as in 1839. Chironia perfoliata, Griseb, (1845), has been treated as in 1839, except that C. speciosa, E. Mey. (1837), has been correctly reduced to this species Chironia arenaria, Griseb, (1845), as regards intention, correspond arenari s forms distributed by Meyer as C. arenaria, only one was covered . describe. C. arenaria, Griseb., as described, is therefore not ; this latter synonym Grisebach has omitted . “eye C. linoides, Griseb., not of Linn., to his new aniety 7 Zey ‘veri, Griseb. Except for this omission the treatment 367 of C. linoides, Griseb. (1845), is identical, so far as the plants are concerned, with that adopted by Chamisso in 1831, for C. tmnoides, riseb. (C. gracilis, apy ), is C. vulgaris, B intermedia, Cham var. [3 amgisolin, Griseb. (C. linoides, Linn.), is C. vul, his a linoides, Cham. ; var. y Zer apt Griseb. (C. emarginata, Jarosz), is C. vulgaris, y Tychnpibles Chironta bacci. ie Griseb. “isis has been treated as in 1839, except that var. B e Sein aos, KE. Mey. (1837), has been correctly raduced to C. baccifera, Linn., and var. i ssiopeay E. Mey. (1887), has been correctly rondniiied as a distinct v oe serpyllifolia, Griseb. (1845), Ne oa treated as in 1839, except that O. serpyllifolia, Kick. (1830), has been correctly re Sued to var. y microphylla, Griseb., and that C. parvifolia, K. Mey. (1837), has been also reduced here ; in this instance not quite correctly, because only Drége’s Van Staadesberg gathering belongs to this variety. SCHOCH in his monograph of ae or in 1903 (Bot. Centralbl. Beih., xiv., pp. 175-242), has described so carefully the _ various forms recognised, and has quien: specimens so fully in support of his conclusions that it is unnecessary to do more here than refer briefly to the points as to which these conclusions do not coincide with the results arrived at in the course of the e present study. In nota few rege the discrepancies between Schoch’s conclusions and those now stated amount to no more than a difference of opinion as prewiie the limitation of particular species or Accented It will, however, be found that the authorities quoted by Schoch under individual species have been cited on bibliographical principles rather than as the result of a study of the specimens dealt with by the authors themselves ; this cireum- Stance somewhat lessens the utility of his citations for taxonomic purposes, Chironia baccifera, Schoch (1903), includes C. baccifera, Linn.,” and C. baccifera, var. grandiflora, Griseb. Only one variety, B dilatata, Schoch, has been recognise sed; this variety is not identical with 3 dilatata, EB. Mey., since it also includes C. bacci- era, var. Burchellii, a form referred by other authors to C. bac- cifera, Linn. , pr Mew precisely as it w hans b Gri mee ch, since Schoch s only admitted two sly correspo Gr to B "laza, Griseb., iad y mie Griseb. It is left donbtfal ayiih of these may be the origina _ C. serpyilifolia Chironia dain. Schoch (1903), is C. prubeecens, Bak. iat which does not, however, appear to be specifical ly separable C. madagascariensis, Bak. (1881). blio- Chironia jasminoides, Schoch (1903), is recognised ae Assi ea C. jasminoides, var. lychnoides) the two MacOwan ee ee . cent. * One of the arieag Begin to this species is that in Beret in and v., p. 37, 367; one specimen does duty for Hog Sloane, eet’ D 2 33407 368 specimens—from Durban Road, near Cape Town, not from Natal —are the same. The Muizenberg specimen is (. maritima, Eckl. The Lowry’s Pass specimen is (. tabularis (Meyer's C. jasminoides). Schlechter n. 9393 is C. tabularis, var. confusa (Grisebach’s ~ described C. jasminoides and the Caledon part of C. jasminoides, Cham.). The Knysna and Plettenberg Bay plant is C. melam- pyrifolia, Lamk (the plant described as ©. jasminoides by Thun- berg) ; so, too, is Rust n. 314 from Riversdale. Schoch has made a conscientious and very nearly successful attempt to include, under his C. jasminoides, every form to which the name had been applied by Thunberg, Meyer, Chamisso, and Grisebach ; at the same time he has expressly excluded C. Jasminoides, Lamk, which alone happens to be also the true C. jasminoides, Linn, Chironia tetragona, Schoch (1903), has been treated more nearly as it was treated by Grisebach in 1845 than as it was y Meyer in 1837 or by Grisebach in 1839, Three varieties have been recognised : (1) var. ovata, Schoch, narrowed as compared with var. ovata, E. Mey. (1837), by the exclusion of all specimens except tically identical with var, linearis, Griseb. (1845), and is therefore narrowed as compared with the original var. dinearis, E. Mey. (1837), by the exclusion of @. tetragona, var. brevifolva, Griseb. (1889), and of C. uniflora, Lamk. (1783). All specimens inter- mediate between these restricted varieties, ovata and linearis, have been treated by Schoch as his (3) typical C. tetragona. While it nised in CO. tetragona, there ig something to be said in favour of . J Schoch terms (, letragona, var, ovata, that alone constitutes the mh ogres C. tetragona, Linn. f.; if the recognition of three rather whee teat nc ae accepted, the correct appellation of “i Has considered to be typical (. tet is CO. tetra- gona, var. brevifolia, Griseb, ee Chironia Schinzii, Schoch (1903) is a valid species. Chironia nudicaulis Schoch (1903), i icauli. se ‘hdres etna clase is partly C. nudicaulis, Linn, £.(C. asminoides, 6 tabularis), but is ainty C. jasminoides, in 193 plant The variety y viminea, established by Grisebach » has been transferred by Schoch to C. lichnoides. Chironia linoides, Schoch (1903 ‘divi i ‘ vides, ), has been divided into three oe ©) See proper ; (2) var, subulata, Schoch ; (3) var. : Bai ts nag och. Asa whole, C. linoides, Schoch, is precisely 4 nt to C. lychnoides, Cham. & Schlecht., not of Berg., 369 while the three forms more or less correspond to the three forms recognised by Chamisso and Schlechtendal in 1826, and CO. linoides, Schoch, therefore definitely excludes C. linoides, Linn., except in so far as the citation Hort. Cli if, p. O4, is concerned ; the plant thus cited oe to the species which Schoch has himself named C, Ecklonii. The specimens quoted by Schoch under C. i sagegy proper belong mainly to C. oe Salisb. ; a few, how- ver, e.g.. Wolley Do dt n. 351, belong to C.em enhak Jaros he, ‘collected by Drége, at Wappertha, in laden Div., belong Zeyheri, var. augusti folia. Schoch’s var. subulata is gis subulata, KE. Mey. (1837), and therefore is C. gracilis, Salish. Schoch’s var. i rcitaaain is the plant which Grisebach had separated as var, Zeyhert (1845); consequently Schoch’s varietal name, seetepale, has in any case to be suppressed, and his citation of var. Zeyher has to be transferred wen ide subulata to the form termed by him var. brevisepala. Thes ym C. uniflora, Kckl., not of Lamk, cited under C. linoides, Schoch” proper, has also to be transferred to his var, brevisepala. Chironia scabrida, Schoch (1903), is C. scabrida, Griseb. (1839). Chironia perfoliata, Schoch (1903), is C. melampyrifolia, Lamk (1791). Chironia mediocris, Schoch (1903), is a variety of C. arenaria, EK. Mey. (1837). Chironia melampyri oe echoes Cees : ne ms Gilg (1898); it is C. melampyrifolia, E. Mey. (1837), not tly C.ly pias Linn. Chironia lychnoides, Schoch (1903), * Ke y lo y Eckl. ie noides ee lancifolia, Schoch (1903), is C. lancifolia, Bak. (1890). Chironia Ecklonii, Schoch (1903), is C. linoides, Linn. Such has for the first time definitely shown that this species, whic oo heel to C. linoides, B pie te Griseb., is entitled to exist. Owin Bowever to his aolehun t of “a f r 4 ich Linnaeus did not add to his ogee ator till 1767 and 1774, Schoch has been led to propose an hu name for what is the true C. linoides, Linn. Even if been right in transferring the name C. linot ‘3 which alone Linnaeus applied it in 1753, the n sonag te nace cessary ; in the first Piatt this species h om ene = in plant-lists since 1893 as C. iaifera ; in the second place, t the plant described in 1767 as C. 1 ychnoides, Berg. P ieee Chironia arenaria, TT 903), is C. arenaria . nee - by E. Meyer in 1837 is not, however, the plan ant peer C. arenaria by Grisbach in 1839. Grisebach’s C. aren described, is C. mediocris, Schoch. ste 4898) Chironia Schlechteri, Schoch (1903), is U. taxa, Gilg (ovS7- 370 Chironia Fischeri, Schoch (1903), is OC. floribunda, Paxt. . The two names were first published together, but the name C, floribunda was given precedence. Chironia maritima, Schoch (1903), is C. maritima, Eckl., not of Willd. Chironia Tysonii, Schoch (1903), is C. Tysonti, Gilg (1898). This form is, however, only varietally separable from C. pur- purascens, Benth. & Hook. f.,and the Natal specimens cited by Schoch do not belong to the variety. C. T'ysonii was based by Gilg on Bolus n. 1290, the specimen of which, at Berlin, is Chironia Bachmannii, Schoch (1903), is C. Bachmannii, Gilg (1898). This form, though recognisable, is not however separable, Chironia purpurascens, Schoch (1903), so far as the specimens d an al are concerned, is C. purpurascens, Benth. & Hook. f. (1876). But the Matabeleland gathering cited represents C. humilis, Gilg, var. Wilmsii ; the specimens obtained Ls hog in Pondowe, and by Nutt in Fwambo, are C. laxiflora, ak, Chironia maxima, Schoch (1903), is C. rosacea, Gilg (1898). Chironia latifolia, Schoch (1903), is C. peduncularis, Lindl. (1836). It is C. latifolia, E. Mey. (1837), not of Donn, as Schoch has said, but Meyer’s name was not published, as Schoch has imagined, in 1835. aseos erythraeodes, Schoch (1903), is C. erythraeodes, Hiern Chironia laxiflora, Schoch (1903), is C. laxiflora, Bak. (1894). Chironia densiflora, Schoch (1903), is C. Krebsii, Griseb. (1839). a oa rubro-coerulea, Schoch (1903), is C. laxiflora, Bak. Chironia transvaalensi ; “3 Gilg (1898), ensis, Schoch (1903), is C. transvaalensis, Chironia angolensis, Schoch (1903), is OC. angolensis, Gilg fy ay rsd as the specimens from Tropical Africa = concerned. & Hecke any 1154, from Natal, is typical C. purpurascens, Benth. Chironia rosacea, Schoch (1903), is C. rosacea, Gilg (1898), 80 Tropical Adee Specimens cited by Schoch are concerned. The pe . ‘eee a cited does not belong to the species, or Chironia humitis Schoch (1903), is 17 i : rtly C. humilis, Gilg (1898), partly C. Wilmsii, Gilo (ig6q) eatly m may be treated as a variety of Pipe Na. which latter form may a7L (C. humilis, var. Wilmsii) olan Bavmiana, Schoch (1903), is OC. Baumiana, Gilg (1903). Chironia palustris, Schoch (1903), taken as a whole, is S Chironia Wilmsii, Schoch (1903), is wholly OC, Wilmsii, Gilg i). - palustris, Burch. choch has, however, recognised tw varieties—(1) C. palustris proper ; (2) var. radicata. As to this choch was justified; he has, however, as in the cases of C. tetragona and of C. linoides, inverted the incidence of the names ; C. palustris, var. radicata, Schoch, is true C. palustris, Burch., while the plant which Schoch has termed C. palustris is C. palustris, var. foliata, For facility of reference a table of the synonymy of Chironia isappended. Three of the synonyms given are doubtful, viz. :— C. cymosa, C. tenuiflora and C. dianthiflora. Chironia cymosa, Burm. f., Prodr. Pl. Cap., p. 5 (1768), is based on Plukenet, Mantissa, 89, pl. 6; t. 415, fig. 6 (1700). The specimen, given by Stonestreet, on which the drawing was based, is not now in the Plukenet Herbarium. We can therefore deal ical C. : Herbarium, vol. 156, fol. 158, collected Aisi gee ae tio, accounted for by Ray in 1704 (Suppl. Append., p. 243; n. , as Oentaurium capense elatius Pneumonanthen ot ged ; therefore, though the difference between the drawing and the plant compels us to consider C. cymosa, B intended. If this be so, the shape of the of the flowers indicate that the particu figure is C. jasminoides y multiflora. far Chironia tenuiflora, Link ex Steud., Nomencl., ed. 4, 1. P- ) (1840) is a name se has not been met with on any eae sere ie the various collections examined. In some collections, | ~~ tel there are specimens of that form of C. gracilis, sas fer ve the calyx-lobes are short and rather wide, which were co. aire Ecklon, and were in the first instance named i peci- Lam Having discovered his error, Ecklon re-name ew ae mens C. tenuifolia. In his distribution Ecklon has consi 372 the name C. lychnoides or C.lychnoidea (he employed both spellings) for C. linoides, Linn., and equally consistently used the name E in connection with this that in Herb. Oxford there is a specimen y Steudel himself which is of interest as showing appreciated that g those wh ‘ C. linoides, Eickl., not of Linn. (C. gracilis),and C. uniflora, Eckl., them, distinct species ; an that Steudel had observed that C. uniflora, Eckl., is not the original C. uniflora, Lamk, e has substituted C. obtusa, Steud., for Ecklon’s name a original C. baccifera of Linnaeus, they used for the latter the name CU, baccifera, var. tenuifolia. Chironia dianthiflora, Hort., is a name that apparently only occurs once (Garden for 1893, p. 213) in company with names of several other species of Chironia, all of which can be accounted for as being then in cultivation, As the other species mentioned CHIRONIA, Linn. (1737) emend. R. Br. (1810). amoena, Salish. Prodr, 137 (1796) = li ) noides. angolensis, Gilg in Engl. Bot. Jahrb. xxvi. 104 (1898) Afr. trop. angolensis, Schoch in Bot. Centralbl. Beih, xiv. 228 (1903) = angolensis ; purpurascens. angustifolia, Sims Bot. Mag. t. 818 (1805) = Orphium frutes- cen arenaria, HL. Mey. Comm. Pl. Afr. Austr. ii. 180 (1837) _ Afr, austr. _ Grenaria, Griseb. in DC, Prodr. ix. 40 (1845) = arenaria, /. baccata, Hoffmgg Verzeichn. Pf, Nachtr. 211 (1824) = - baccifera, baccifera, Linn, Sp. Pl. 190 (1753) : -Afr, austr. baccifera, Zeyh. ex Griseb. in DC. Prodr. ix. 41 (1845) = emarginata, . 373 Been, Gilg in Engl. Bot. Jahrb. xxvi. 103 (1898) = purpurascens. Bansei, Brain in Kew Bull. 1908, 295 no) n hortis tantum. Barclayana, Vort. Berol. ex Griseb. Geis & Sp. Gent. 100 (1839) = peduncularis. Baumiana, Gilg in Warb. Kunene-Sambesi Exped. res (1903) r rop. ‘ caryophylloides, Linn, Cent. ii. 12 (1756) = Orphium frutes- cens, cymosa, Burm. f. Fl. Cap. Prodr, 5 (1768) = jasminoides, y ; orsan Wile: . Vent. Hort. Cels t. 31 (1800) = Orphium be densifiora, Scott Elliot in Journ. Bot. xxix, 69 (1891) = re danthi flora, Hort. ex Garden xliv. 213 (1893) = Orphium frutescens ; forsan Ecklonii, Schoch i in Bull. Herb. Boiss. ser. 2, ii. 1013 (1902) = inoides. elongata, Eckl. Un. It. n. 175 (s. d.) = Pomc emarginata, Jarosz Pl. Nov. Cap. 11 (1821) Afr, austr. erythraeodes, Hiern in Cat. Welw. Afr. Pl. i. 709 fee ee ro exigua, Oliv. in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 1229 (1877) = Sebaea exigna. Sueke oe Rollins. ex Paxt. Mag, Bot. xi. 237 (1844) = flori duction, Bak. ex Prain in Kew Bull. 1908, 296 ee floribunda, Part. Mag. Bot. xi. 237 (1844 Ones = ee oe pee hortis tantum. Srutescens, Linn. Sp. Pl. 190 anes rphium frutescens. Sruticosa, ‘Kuntze Rev. Gen. 43 2 (1891) a Orpial frutescens. glutinosa, Paxt. Mag. Bot. xv. 245 (1849) = pel gracilis, Salish. ex Prain in Kew Bull. 1908, 293 (1908) 8 grandiflora, Salisb. Prodr. 137 (1796) = witece frutescens. humilis, Gily in Engl. Bot. Jahrb. xxvi. 105 (1898) A Afr. austr. Op. humilis, Bak. & Br. in Dyer Fl. Trop. Afr. iv. 1, 555 (1903) = umilis, p. ixifera, Hort. ex Garden xliv. 213 (1893) = amet Lo jasminoides, Linn. Pl. Afr. Rar. 9 (1760) agen Jasminoides, Thunb. Proees ioe is, oP: i. 35 (794) = _. pyrifolia ; tetragona, /3 ; Jjasminoides, Willd. Sp. Pi i ri! 1066 (1797) = tetragona, B. _ jasminoides, Edw. Bot. Reg. iii. t. 197 Saale eg re jasminoides, Burch. Trav, i. 46 (1821) a iest) = i Bs Jasminoides, Cham. in Linnaea vi. 344 (1831) = sea ’ tabularis, 3. aggre eS jasminoides, | Griseb. Gen. & Sp. eng 101 (1839) = melam pyrifolia ; tabularis, Rs tetragona, ve jasminoides, Schoch in Bot. Centralbl. Beih. ay. 194 a) = Seabrida, / ; a ‘tabularis, a & a rots ripe | t. 197 Maan snoides, 3, Banks ex Edw. Bot. Reg. ili. (1817) = scabrida, 3. 374 Krebsii, Griseb. Gen. & Sp. Gent. 102 (1839) san austr. lancifolia, Bak. in Journ. Linn, Soc. xxv. $36.05 we agascar. latifolia, igi Hort. Cantab. ed. 2, 25 (1800) = Orphium frutescen latifolia, i pee: Comm. Pl. Afr. Austr. ii. 178 (1837) = peduncular laxa, Gilg in "ingl. Bot. Jahrb. xxvi. 105 ee r. austr. laxiflora, Bak. in Kew Bull. ee 25 (1894) “Afr. trop. ligulifolia, Salisb, MSS, in Herb. Mus. Brit. (s. d.) = scabrida, linoides, Linn. Sp. Pl. 189 (1753) Afr. austr. linoides, Berg. Deser. Pl. Cap. 13 (1767) = emarginata. linoides, Thunb. Prodr. PI. Cap. 35 (1794) = gracilis. linoides, E. Mey. Comm. Pl. Afr. Austr. ii, 179 (1837) = linoides ; ractita ar ae oe, linoides, Griseb. Gen & Sp. Gent. 104 (1839) = gracilis ; mar, a. e linoides Be Eckl. Un, It. n. 40 (s. d.) = gracilis. linoides, Schoch, in Bot. Centralbl. Beih. xiv. 202 = gracilis ; emarginata ; Zeyheri, / linoides, Le Lamk Baeye Meth. i. 736 (1783) = gracilis ; emargi Kinoies, b Mey. Comm. Pl. Afr. Austr. ii. 180 (1837) = gracili linoides, 3 Griseb. Gen. & Sp. Gent. 104 (1839) = linoides. lino noides, y, Griseb. in DC. Prodr. os 41 Saath = emarginata. lychnoidea, Eckl. Un. It. n. 64 (s. d.) = linoide lychnoides, Berg. Deser. Pl. Cap. 45 (1767) = linoides. lychnoides, Linn. Mantiss, 207 (1771) = = jasminoides, (3. lychnoides, Lamk Encyc. Meth. i. 736 (1783)=melampyrifolia. gar erred poe tant Pl. Cap. 35 (1794) = linoides ; 8, B. iyehnaiten ® Gham. & rs Schlecht. in Linnaea i. 190 (1826) = ; gracilis, lynotes, = Mey. Comm. PI. Afr. Austr. ii, 177 (1837) = ly yehnoides, Scho in Bot. Centralbl. Beih. xiv. 209 (1903) = jasminoides, a mad: agascariensis, bak in Journ. Linn, Soc. xviii. 273 ris Madaga maritima, Eckl. non Willd. South Afr. Quart. cmlty 2: 370 (1830 Afr. austr. maritima, Griseb. in DC. Prodr. ix. 39 (1845) = “opel ; laxa. maritima, , Griseb. in DC. Prodr, ix. 39 (1845) = flori ibunda tad ma, Schoch in Bull. Herb. Boiss. ser. 2 ii, 1014 (1902) = madiocris, ot in Bull. Herb. Boiss. ser. 2, ii. 1011 (1902) aria — —— melampyrifoli, Lamk. Il. Gen. 479 (1791 ) Afr. austr. Yalan ifolia, E. Mey. Co omm, Pl, Afr. Austr. ii. 177 (1837) nudicaulis, Linn. f, Suppl. 151 (1781) = jasminoides, 6. 375 nudicaulis, 3, Eckl. ex Cham. in Linnaea vi. 344 (1831) = inoides. nudicaulis, % Griseb. Gen. & Sp. Gent. 99 (1839) = jas- minoidegs, /3. Rts crass 6, Eckl. ex oe in Bot. Centralbl. Beih. xiv. 210 (1903) = jasminoides, obtusa, Steud. MSS. in n. Herb. oP (s. eb Ter bans obtusi flora, Herb. Lugd. Bat. (s. d.) = seab A thes Reichb. Ie. Bot. Exot. 16. t. 245 "11830) = Orphium rutescens. Raa. Spreng. ex Griseb. in DC. Prodr. ix. 41 (1845) = serpyl- ifolia. : palustris, Burch. Trav. ii. 226 (1824) Afr. austr. palustris, Hook. f. in Bot. Mag. t. 7101 (1890) = palustris, /. es, Gilg in Warb. Kunene-Sambesi Exped. 334 (1903) nsvaalensis. parviflora, Salisb. Prodr. 136 (1796) = baccifera. parvifolia, E. Mey. Comm. Pl. Afr. Austr. ii. 180 (1837) = serpyllifolia. peduncularis, Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1803 (1836) = Afr. austr. Peglerae, Prain in Kew Bull. 1908, 297 (1908) Afr. austr. perfoliata, Eckl. in South Afr. Quart. Journ. i. 370 (1830) = melampyrifolia pubescens, Bak. in Journ. Bot. xx. 172 (1882) = madagascari- ensis, 2. purpurascens, Benth. & Hook. f. Gen, Pl. ii. 805 fle Bs scene tine Rolfe in Oates, Matabeleland, ed. 2, wrt (1889) 8, B. purpurascens Schoch in Bot. sane Beih. xiv. 219 (1903) = purpurascens ; humilis, 6; laxi rosacea, Gilg in Engl. Bot. Jahrb. anak "104 (1898) Afr. austr. rosacea, Schoch in ae Centralbl. Beih. xiv. 229 (1903) = ea; angolen - rusbroncocrsilen, Gil Gila ‘i Engl. Bot. Jahrb. xxx. 379 (1901) = laxiflora. scabra, Krauss MSS. (s. d.) = peatir! da, / Kae scabrida, Griseb. Gen. & Sp. Gent. 1038 39), Schinzii, Schoch in Bull. Herb. Boiss. ser. 2, ii. et ped Snes Schoch in Bull. Herb. Boiss. ser. oe ii "1010 (1902) — axa serpyllifolia, Lehm. Ind. Sem. Hort. Hamb. 1828, aoe (1828) serpyllifolia, Eckl. in South Afr. Quart. Journ. i. 371 41830) specioon id. Moy” Comm. Ph Afr. Anste, ii, 178 (1837) = Nesp pig 21 (1817) Afr. austr. waris, Page Prodr. 12 ( a seiutfiora, Lan k en ieud, Nomenel. ed. 2, i. 392 (1840) = L & erica organ y 5, 5p : ‘ enuifolia, Eckl. 1. MS 8. sie ie ae tetragona, Linn. f, Suppl. 151 fist) Afr. a 376 tetragona, Schoch in Bot. Centralbl. Beih. xiv. 196 (1903) = tetragona, (3. tetragona, 3, Griseb. in DC. Prodr. ix. 40 (1845) = tetragona, B; tabularis. tetragona, /3, Schoch in Bot. Centralbl. Beih. xiv. 197 (1903) = te tetragona, Y; Griseb. in DC. Prodr. ix. 40 (1845) = tetragona, 8B; scabrida, B. transvaalensis, Gilg in Hngl. Bot. Jahrb. xxvi. 104 (1898) r. trop. . austr. trinervia, Hort. ex Ann, Fl. & Pom., 158 (1834) = peduncularis. trinervis, Hort. ex Loud. Encye. Pl. Suppl. ii. 1306 (1830) = peduncularis. Tysonii, Gilg in Engl. Bot. Jahrb. xxvi. 104 (1898) = purpurascens, /3. uniflora, Lamk Eneyc. Meth. i. 737 (1783) = tetragona, /3. uniflora, Eckl. Un. It. n, 75 (s. d.) = emarginata. Verdickii, De Wildem. Etudes Fl. Congo, ii. 3, 338 (1908) Afr. trop. virgularis, Salisb. MSS. (s. d.) = emarginata. viscosa, Zeyh. ex Griseb. in DC. Prodr. ix. 40 (1845) = scabrida, (. vulgaris, a, Cham. in Linnaea vi. 343 (1831) = linoides. vulgaris, /3, Cham. in Linnaea vi. 343 (1831) = gracilis. vulgaris, y, Cham. in Linnaea vi. 343 1831) = emarginata. Wilmsii, Gilg-in Engl. Bot. Jahrb. xxvi. 105 (1898) = umilis, 3. Zeyheri, Prain in Kew Bull. 1908, 295 (1908) Afr. Austr. D. PRAIN. XLVI—MISCELLANEOUS NOTES. Mr. ALEXANDER HISLOP, formerly a member of the gardening staff of the Royal Botanic Gardens, and afterwards successively Assistant Superintendent of the Municipal Gardens, Queenstown, Cape Colony, and Curator of the Pietermaritzburg Botanic Society's Gardens, has been appointed by the Secretary of State for the Colonies, on the recommendation of Kew, Curator in the Agricul- tural Department of Southern Nigeria. _ Kew Bulletin: Additional Series, VIII—As already recorded in the Kew Bulletin for 1906, p. 276, the late Mr. C. B. Clarke, who gave the greater part of his time during nearly twenty years of his life to a critical study of the natural order Cyperaceae, segrees the recognised authority on this family, to whom botanists of every nationality sent their collections fém all parts of the world for identification. The work Mr. Clarke had mitted to him for study are concerned was still un i ed ¢ } published when he died. For reasons explained in the preface to the work under 377 review, the complete issue of the manuscript was found to be impracticable. At the same time it was found that a few of the genera and a considerable number of the species described in Mr. Clarke’s manuscript had never been published. The speci- mens in the Herbarium at Kew which represent these unpublished Species are authentically named by Mr. Clarke ; other herbaria The work of editing these descriptions has been undertal en by Mr. B. Daydon Jackson, who has bestowed on it all the pains that characterise his labours and all the solicitude that might have been sala on the part of a warm personal friend of the lamented author, In presenting the diagnoses of these new genera and species, the scheme of arrangement followed has been that- devised by the late Mr. Clarke so far as material for it exists in the manuscript. To make the scheme more intelligible, it has been appended in skeleton form to the descriptions now published. names were some would, no doub Clarke lived to see his labours lower than “sections”; where this latter treatment is adopted by series ace of change has been effected ; the autho Eleochari. as close to the original manuscript as could be done. se asad and in Rynchospora, and thrice in Carex, sete Apomena. and in Rynchospora is a name which is admittedly a t of place In Fimbristylis a note indicates that one be. ah ve ts lat the and must be removed, At the end of ¢ Bwhioh he had not heW species, as in Car a ployed 55 > : ve eA = author, and his own intercalations are shown uniformly 18, ter, &c, : : 4 vl Som : Mr. Clarke had printed 144 p! € years before his pra plates largely explain his views, With corresponding text ; 378 it is to be hoped that they may be issued to the public, as supple- mentary to these New Genera and Species of Cyperaceae, now issued as the eighth volume of the Kew Bulletin, Additional Series, Botanical Magazine for August.—The plants figured and described are: Caesalpinia japonica, Sieb. et Zuce., Indigofera hebepetala, Benth., Hucryphia cordifolia, Cav., Rhodudendron kamtschaticum, Pall and Polystachya Lawrenceana, Kraenzl.,all from specimens which have flowered at Kew. Caesalpinia japonica was introduced into this country from Japan Messrs. James Veitch & Sons, and flowered for the first time in their Coombe Wood nursery in 1887. It is hardy only in sheltered positions in the south of England. The material used for the illustration was produced by a plant growing in a recess under the south wall of the Temperate House. Indigofera hebepetala, a species widely distributed in the North-Western Himalaya, is not generally known in gardens, although it has been in cultivation at Kew since 1881, when it was received with many other plants as a bequest by the late Mr. G.C. Joad. It is hardy at Kew, where its crimson and rose-coloured flowers, borne in long axillary racemes, are produced freely during August and September. Hucryphia is an ornamental-flowering shrub from South Chile, which thrives out of doors in the milder parts of the British Isles. Its large white flowers have the appear- ance of those of a Philadelphus, and the Saxifragaceae, amongst several other orders, has been considered by botanists to contain the nearest affinities to the genus, which, in several respects, is an anomaly. It is now placed in a separate order—the Eucryphi yuna a to Ternstroemiaceae. The plant flowered in Messrs. eitch’s plants were raised from seed received from the Imperial Botanic Garden, St. Petersburg, in 1900. Polystachya Lawrenceana is an Madagascar Rubber Plants—In “Le Caoutchoue et la Gutta Percha,” of 15th June, 1908, Prof. H. Jumelle gives an account of spectivel respectively. ‘These had ‘ : but were pate ; ad not hitherto been determined botanically, erg Les Ressources Agricoles et resti¢res d olonies Francaises” (Marseille, 1907). The aecount there given was based on information supplied by 379 Capt. (now Commandant) Vacher, who was in charge of the Tsivory District (secteur) of Southern Madagascar from 1904 to 1907. The two species have now been identified by Jumelle, from specimens collected by Sergeant Mauriére, at the instigation of Commandant Vacher ; “ Vahyvanda” as Plectaneia élastica, Jum. K et Perr., and “Kidroa” as “ Mascarenhasia lisianthiflora, DC. in. in diameter. As a general rule, according to Jumelle, the species of North-West Madagascar become dwarfed as ) approach the south of the island or the central plateau, and this relation extends even to representative species : thus Cryptostegia grandiflora of Southern Madagascar is a smaller plant and yields less rubber than (C. madagascariensis, the corresponding species in the north-west. The altitudinal distribution of Plectaneia elastica and Mascar- enhasia lisian thiflora is the same in both paris of the island, the height of 2600 ft. (800 metres), being the lower limit of P. elastica and the upper limit of M. lisianthiflora. 1 AS Experiments with Rubber Seeds.—Experiments have heen aera? out by Mr. H. F, Macmillan, Curator, and Mr. T. Petch, shoe ment Mycologist, Peradeniya, as to the weight and germinative Capacity of Hevea rubber seed. P ‘ larl about 30 years old which were tapped regu mee ic months), occa- t+ intervals of a week, weight rapidly at the seeds lose ; 8 sally 380 till about the sixth week, after which time their weight remains more or less constant unless they are transferred to a drier atmos phere. The loss in weight appears to be due almost entirely to loss of water. One thousand fresh seeds from untapped}-trees weighed on an average 4,126°83 grains or 9°1 lbs., and this figure agrees with resulis obtained by Mr. Carruthers five years previously. The loss in weight takes place almost entirely from the kernel. The seeds from group B weighed, when fresh, on an average 3,540°8 grains, which is 7-8 lbs., as the weight of 1,000 seeds from tapped trees. . It was from these trees that Mr. Carruthers obtained his seed i 1902 ; thus for Group B. 1902 ... Untapped trees ... Weight of 1,000 seeds = 9:1 Ibs. 1905 ... Trees tapped. Sour ss ted ... Weight of 1,000 seeds = 7°8 Ibs. Group A. 1907 ... Untapped trees ... Weight of 1,000 seeds =i9-1 lbs. 1 ma the assumption that 1,000 seeds weighed 11 Ibs. yee) and 9:1 Ibs. (Carruthers), wikseos from tapped trees ae oe to be the more correct estimate for the weight of > * we shipped to England the kernels constitute about oy cent. by weight of the whole seed and yield 42°3 per cent. From these figures 280,000 f ‘seeda (yielding 700,000 kernels) fies wae ee ee aa The value of the kernels may be about £10 per ton. nae ROYAL BOTANIC GARDENS, KEW. BULLETIN OF MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION. No. 9.] [1908. XLVIL—A NEW SPECIES OF BUTEA, WITH NOTES ON THE GENUS. scope of Koenig’s genus by . 93), mous flora (¥7. Ind. vol. iii. p. 248) in 1832, This species agrees with habit and foliage ; it differs in having a panicled inflorescenae more numerous, much smaller flowers, and has —_ Bentham and Taubert to another genus. ted the genus In 1825 De Candolle (Prodr, vol. ii. P- 414) accep @ as enlarged by pesca in 1813, and doubtfully crtsangge species, B. Braamiana, DC., ieved to be hist drawings species was taken up from t. 23 in @ collection of t $ Boerial issued by Bohte in 1821 as ‘Icones plantarum spor centium e bibliotheca Braamiana excerptae- itle page i met with in China, and it is now Enon? oa Moma dees oe slightly in error, for the same collection of thir ty p 1818—in this in a different sequence, was advertised by Cattley 1375 Wt 35 11/08 D&S 29 33819 382 case accurately—as a series of drawings of Chinese and Indian plants. The plate which forms t. 23 of Bohte’s issue is t. 4 of Cattley’s edition ; it is one of the Indian drawings and represents with fidelity B. frondosa while in young foliage. a genus another species, B. Loureirii, based on Genista scandens, our. (Fl. Cochinch. vol. ii. p. 428); this plant, from internal evidence, we know must belong to another genus. 5 by - Don (Prodr. Fl. Nep.) ; it was, however, issued by Wallich in 1830 (Cat. Lith. n, 5439 A) along with specimens of the same species (5439 B) collected by De Silva in the mountains vo Silhet, S . . . ain . genus Spatholobus for a Java plant, S. littoralis, with a pod like that of B. parviflora, and in 1846 Zollinger and Moritzi (Nat. : a another nearly allied species, Bentham in 1854 (Mig. Pl, Jungh. p. 238) reduced Drebbelia ferruginea, Zoli. & Mor., to Spatholobus as S. ferrugineus and at the same time reduced B. parviflora, Roxb., to Hasskarl’s genus as S. Roxburyghii—the term ‘parviflora, appropriate when used as Roxburgh used it, being meaningless when the species has to be reduced to Spatholobus. In 1845 Voigt (Hort. Suburb. Caleutt, p. 239) accepted B, parvi- Jlora, Roxb., a8 a Butea. But on raising plants of B. minor from the seeds given him by Griffith in 1837 Voigt decided that this species is not a Butea, and published it, with a generic diagnosis, as Meizotropis buteaeformis. A detailed description, subsequently repared by Griffith from living specimens in Voigt’s garden, was } ol. iv. p. 44 i 5 . Ww error the word Meizotropis appears there as Megalotropis, and this erroneous form is cited in the Inder Taubert as if it were a new generic name proposed by Griffith. This citation does not represent Griffith’s intention, since Griffith th 8. e know, indeed, from a manuscript name attached by Griffith to a fruiting specimen of B. minor from the Serampore garden, that his final view was that the plant is a Butea. The divergence of view as to the status and limits of Butea, Koen. (based on B. superba and B. Jrondosa), of Meizotropis, Voigt (based on B. minor), and of Spatholobus, Hassk. (to which B. parviflora has, since 1854, been uniformly referred), invites a 383 reassessment of their differential characters. In habit and foliage B. superba, B. minor and B. parviflora are so similar tha without flowers one axtphe be PN at with either of the it at In fruit all _ dea As regards calyx, stamens and pistil ras differ only in size; in this respect 6. minor with calyx 8 m long, stands iiost midway between B. superba ag calyx 16 cate long, and B. parviflora with calyx 4mm A aotilla the pea as the characters detailed bale indicate, differ almost equa Butea, et (1795); vexillum ovatum, acutum, recurvum ; alae falcatae, acutae, carinae parum adha erentes ; ; carina valde incurva, acuta, vexillum penn a petala aurantiaca ; flores insignes, 5-7 cm. lon, tab Voigt (1845); vexillum sabi subobtusum, urvum ; alae oblique oblongae, liberae; carina incurva, ni mboneads 8a, ’ vexillum apn superans ; petala aurantiaca ; flores mediocres, 1°75-2°75 cm. longi. Ae hentia Hiadnik: (1842) ; vehuhal ovatum vel suborbicul- atum ; alae oblique oblongae, liberae ; carina ieee obtusa, vexiilo alisque brevior Fa purpurea, rosea V alba ; flores parvi, 0°6-0°9 From this we see that eal ne agrees with Butea, in which it is included by Bentham and Taubert, as regards colour of petals, it agrees better with Spatholobus, which Bentham and Taubert refer | to another wma: as regards the shape and rela- tionship of the wings. Since the characters to be derived trom the corolla are insufficient fe pea eo the generic separation of isfy from. tea, they must be equally inadequate to But warrant the generic separation a ¢ Spatholobus from the widened Butea in which Meizotropis is merged. The segregation of Spatholobus i is so convenient that its perpetuation is desirable, but it has to be recognised that this segregation depends gg hes ae a ee cronee of facies resulting from Ei pee oe Stgears num coloured flowers, 5 er of smaller and differently oe ee the oa, Spatho- The pl sent from Pat Tal in pt ng proaches by Capt. C. A. Sprawson, LMS Te Sir J.D, Hooker, who has ied it m pellita, and has . : 33819 384 the material to Kew with the request that a description of the species te provided, Capt. Sprawson states that the plant is known locally as * Patwa,’ a name “chat i in the plains of India is applied to the Rozelle aa naa Sabdariffa) ; that it gives its name to the place—Dangarh connotes a small plain among the hills—in which it grows; that ine “or ag say the plant is limited to this particular ill-top and cannot be found elsewhere. Captain Sprawson is satisfied that wiastias it oceurs in places more remote or not, it is certainly restricted in ~ it tata of Naini Tal to the particular area, less than a mile square, whence his specimens come. Probably, a akg the plant is ye least local in its occur- rence, and this may partly explain the absence of so striking a species from previous collections. Capt. Sprawson’s specimens in fruit were gathered in October, 1907; flowering specimens were subsequently obtained by him i in J une, 1908. Another circumstance almost sufficient, in the absence of fruit, Poe hills to the east of the river Brahmaputra and the Himalaya m Sikkim westward to Kamaon., The Salita is Bit eves , B. mino b; we have seen that Griffith, ‘who found the wicca in this distinctive name B. suffruticosa. OG sual examination the flowers of B. pellita might be mistaken oe those of B. minor ; they are the same in colour, and the petals of both impart a rich orange tint to water in which they are placed ; the only distin- like the leaf-tomentum, closely ie bane and that the flowers of istinctly s against 2°75 em. aie in B. min ; f the two ovules, has the solitary seed some distance below the ollie apex, and is more like that of a p , Hass latter case the character is pranve f ; ys th 8 (Erythrina sehdopernis as generically distinct ‘start « soph proper, it is necessary, for the sake of uniformity, onsider 1. pellita a member of Butea § Meizotropis. A brief revision of Butea, K oen., in accordance with the con- siderations stated above, ig i subjoibe a. 385 Butea, Koen. ; Benth. in Benth. & Hook. J. Gen. Pl. i, 533 (1865) ; Taub. in Engl. ‘b Prantl, Nat. Pflanzen. iti. 3, 365 (1894) ; calycis dentes vel lobi breves, 9 superiores connati : vexillum ovatum, recurvum ; carina incurva; i era connata; antherae uniformes ; ovarium 2-ovulatum ; ie elon- gatus, incurvus, imberbis, stigmate terminali minimo ; legumen I-spermum ; semen plano-compressum, mtd rms hilo } parvo estro- phiolato ; folia -pinnatim 3-foliolata, stipellata ; stipulae caducae ; flores aurantiaci, dense fasciculati, fasciculis racemosis vel fascicu- arvanioulatia ; ; bracteae et bracteolae caducae § 1. Eubutea; vexillum acutum; alae falcatae, acutae, carinae parum adhaerentes; carina acuta, v vexillum alasque aequans ; legumen basi longe planum indehiscens et vacuum, summo apice crassum 2-valve ; flores insignes. Butea, Koen. ex Roxb, Pl. Coromand. i. 21. 1. B. frondosa, Roxb. ; arbor ; pedicelli ar vix duplo longiores ; flores 5 cm. longi. Pi. Corom. i. 21, t. 22 (1795) ; #1. Ind. iii. 244 ; ii & A. Prodr DC. Prodr. ii. 415 ; . 261; Brand For Pas Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. ii. 1 Braamiana, DC. Pro i. 445 tze Rev. Gen. 202 (1891) ; “Taub in (1825). B. date sperma, Kunt. Engl. & Prantl. Nat. Pflanzenf. iii. 3, 369. Erythrina monos- perma, Lamhk. pth Meth. i. 391 (1783). Distris. Throughout India and Burma. The leaves of this Species are occasionally 1-foliolate ; a specimen showing this abnormality has recently been communicated to Kew by Mr. Hole, of the Indian Forest Service. 2. B. superba, Roxb.; frutex alte, scandens ; pedicelli calyce triplo Tongioren } flores 7 cm. lon ne i. Corom. i. 23, = ter ac hgid Os Fl. Ind. iii. 247; DC. Prodr. 415; . & A. r, 261; Brand. For. Fl. 143 ; Hook. f. Fl. sae ind. ii. 195. DIsTRIB. Throughout India and Burma. § 2. Meizotropis ; vexillum subobtusum ; alae ato oblongae, obtusae, liberae; carina subobtusa, vexillum eh "339, ; flores mediocres. Meizotropis, Voigt. Hort. Suburb. Caloatt Griff. Notul. iv. 441 (sphalm, Megalotropis). onnunquam 3. B. minor, Ham. ; frutex saepius alte scandens n i i icea ; basi longe erectus ; "fol floribusque adpresse sericea ; rite pire Fi. Ind. ii. ns 5b. ietgtis is puteaeformis, Voigt He 239 (1845) ; Grip? Notul iv. 441 (sphaim. Megat) lies ! { Jain Distrip. Assam: Khasia, Hooker & Thomson : Silva! Griffith ! Nica Hills, Clarke! Mishmi, A i if Hima Pel Sikkim, Gamble! Nepal, Buchanan (Ham on) ; thie! floribusque 4. B. pellita, Hook. f.; frutex erectus; folia juniora nie velutina ; legume n oe vacuum band elongatum infra a apice l-spermum ; flores 1:75 cm. longi. 386 Frutex ereéius metralis vel paullo ultra, innovationibus i dense velutinis. Folia pinnatim 3- foliolata a, adulta parce pra cipue subtus et lonea, 35 ani nervos pine ee obele: foliola 30-60 cm. a, 25-50 ¢ a ed She li 10-20 ¢ ., petio- luli 1 em. longi; aun jetsadiad. foliacei, iy OSs 4 min ae stipulae foliaceae, triangulari-ovatae, subac 2 ¢ long 15 em. latae, — Flores aurantiaci, ious Ae foastentte 3-d-floris inter se ‘5-1-5 cm. remotis racemosis; racemi sa age 20 cm. longi, pieakidébus sublignosis angulatis nodosis 4 m crassis; bracteae stipellis conformes; bracteolae bracteis amit limae nisi minores ; pedicelli graciles, 5mm. longi. Calyx cam- panulatus, intus sericeus, dentibus brevibus 2 superioribus in labium integrum ¢ onnatis, 7 mm. longus, 5 mm. latus. Corollae vexillum ovatum, subobitusum, recurvum, appendiculatum, 1-25 em. longum, 1 em. latum ; alae oblique ubronend) obtusae, in- curvae, liberae, 1: D> cm, longae ; carina incurva, petalis apicem lare liberum; caetera connata ; ant therae uniformes, Ovari sessile, 2-ovulatum ; stylus incurvus, 5 og stigmate area bebht arvo. Legumen subsessile, ovato-oblo ngum, coriaceo-lignosum, hand elongatum, 8 cm. longum, 4°5 cm. latum. Semen plano- compressum, sor delenipiio 2 em. diametro, testa castanea,: hilo parvo estrophiolat DISTRIB. Himalaya : , Kamaon; Patwa Dangarh, near Naini Tal, 1530 m., Sprawson Sspaetries EXCLUDENDAE. Butea acuminata, — = = Spathololus mete Benth. gyrocarpa, Graj gyrocarpus, Benth. - Loureirii, a. 23 Quid. ? vide infra. parviflora, ae = Spathololus Roxburghii, Benth. peltata, Per = Rudolphia peltata, Willd. sericuphslly 1 Wall. = Spathololus Roxburghii, Benth. volubilis, Pers, = Rudolphia volubilis, Willd. B. Loureirii, Spreng. (Syst. Veg. vol. iii. 186), is ery on Genista scandens ton f Ash i Oochi Ee . Gents scandens is described by bos as a large climber armed with nu umerons simple short scattered recurved spines ; it has crease, leaves with ovate entire opposite leaflets. The 1 i standard; the ten stamens are united. The pod is subrotund, compressed, glabrous, with a solitary large compressed seed. Unfortunately, as Dr, Rendle, who op gee interested himself in this ratte, informs us, the type o scandens is not present among the Loureirian specimens at thie} British (Natural History) 387 useum; we are therefore only able to guess at the species: intended. All the large Asiatic armed leguminous climbers that have 2-pinnate leaves belong to the tribe Eucaesalpinieae, and as these never have papilionaceous corollas and always have free stamens, it is clear that Loureiro has either described the flowers another plant for those of his species. The fact that Genista scandens has 1-seeded pods considerably narrows the field of enquiry, The only genus of Hucaesalpinieae in which the pod is uniformly l-seeded is Pterolobium; this genus we are able to exclude since its pods are samaroidly winged and not subrotund. In the remaining Asiatic genera of this tribe there are only three Species with 1-seeded pods, viz. :— Mezoneuron cucullatum, . & A., a species as common in Cochin-China as it is in India; the species described as Mezoneuron sinense, Hemsl. (Journ. Linn. ” ., p- 204), a Central Chinese plant, which is really a species of Caesalpinia § Nugaria (Journ. As. Soc. Beng., vol. lxvi. 2, p. 470); and Caesalpinia (Nugaria) sie br Mezoneuron cucullatum is the species which t e remarks 0 Loureiro as to the size of his plant and to the pleasing effect pro- uced by its masses of yellow flowers most naturally suggest. gives besides to facilitate D. PRAIN. - XLVIIL—SOME CONTINENTAL GARDENS AND NURSERIE W.. J. BEAN. 388 Most of these places possess what we know as a continental climate ; that is to say the winters are colder than those of Britain, and the summers much hotter. These extreme conditions as to temperature result, generally, in a great reduction in the number of evergreens that can be grown as compared with Britain, but, on the other hand, in a finer development of many deciduous flowering trees which in our country are very subject to injury from spring frosts. Thus some of the deciduous American, Asiatic, and Caucasian trees, which I saw in considerable numbers, are only to be equalled in Great Britain, by a specimen out of the common, here and there. But, so far as I was able to observe, there is nothing in Central Europe to equal the Asiatic and West American conifers as one sees them grown, for instance, in the gardens of Perthshire. Each type of climate has its advantages and dis- is concerned. One could not justly base a criticism of continental landscape é : 0 0 * e. Fo ne ening on a visit of s uration as min as extreme in one direction as is Versailles in another. The least and windings led to nothing in particular. With a century’s tree-growth upon them, some of these “ English Gardens” have in their way become as monotonous as Versailles. BRUSSELS AND TERVUEREN. June 2, 1908. The chief object in visiting Brussels was to see the newly formed Arboretum at Tervueren. This has been planned by, and is under th Botani t capital of Belgium. On the other hand the glasshouses are e is a very fine collection of rare transform it into an ordina out-door collections entirely to 389 The journey from Brussels to Tervueren is worth making, if only for the sake of inspecting the splendid plantations of beech, managed on scientific forestry principles, which border the track of the electric tramway for a part of the way. Before leaving Brussels a short detour was made to visit the charming Bois de la Cambre. This park is well worth seeing for its fine trees, especially beech, and for the pleasing and diversified prospects which it affords, The village of Tervueren is situated in a pleasant, open and undulating country. It is a quaint and interesting place, and fills a place in history through having been for six or seven centuries a seat of the Dukes of Brabant. Remnants of the old ducal chateau still exist. The Arboretum, which was only founded some six years ago, covers about 300 acres. The picturesque and undulating site it occupies is largely covered at the present time with young native woodla It is planned on purely geographical lines, a definite h intended to accommodate. Thus we find the trees of the Rocky Mountains, those of the Mississippi basin, those of the Caucasus, those of Japan, and so on, collected into separate groups. Every region, in fact, on which a characteristic arboreal vegetation exists, hardy enough to succeed here, has its own allotted space. Most of the trees although still young, are thriving well. Some are planted in groups of a single species ; sometimes two or three T um for aca sent purpose, to form a pleasant place of resort for the people o Brussels, and has been very skilfully planned so as to preserve ; d . The charming valleys and develop the beauty of its lan eft opel, and serve the double i shine. ; from the effects of the Continental paar re ae aes a-producing : 3 iently to shade capacity. When the trees have grown suflicient’y kept and wel. stocked nursery for trees makes a useful and intere tn tually to supplement the collections 0 ceous plants f the same regions. : ' crpae if es is a favourite feature in A geo hical arrangement of tre : ans the botanie ieee of the Continent. Even in small ones, 390 there is not sufficient space for an arboretum planted according to botanical relationship, crowded groups of trees with a geographical affinity are to be found. Unless the planting is done on broad and spacious lines, it appears to me to have but a small educa- tional value. But no reproach of that kind can be made against In recent years no locality on the continent of Europe has come more prominently into the notice of the horticultural world than Boskoop. This little town is within easy reach of Rotterdam, the I was told that over six hundred firms who make the cultivation of trees, shrubs, and other plants their business are established in this neighbourhood. Whilst almost every species and variety of tree and shrub that is hardy in the climate appears to thrive here, Boskoop is particularly suitable for the cultivation of those finer-rooted conifers of various sorts, especially the firs and spruces. The silvery-leaved forms of Picea pungens make most striking pictures when grown in nursery eS, as 0 hem here. Of several forms seen, the finest is called P. pungens, var. Kosteri das T’. euchlora), the Caucasian lime, which is go romisin as a tree for street planting, is abundant in these Sanillon : oliand give place as one travels northwards to another type of 391 country almost equally flat but much drier. It is here that one first encounters the immense plantations of Scotch pine which fill so much of the landscape as seen from the train all the way to Berlin, and then southwards to Dresden. r, Hesse’s nursery has long been known to us at Kew as one of t the creation of its present owner. Mr. Hesse grows a large number f fine specimen trees which are kept, not to sell, but as permanent features of the nursery and as stock plants: Among them are many rare and interesting things. Picea Breweriana, for instance, is here, a single plant raised from seed 15 years ago. This plant and one at Kew are believed to be the only two trees of this Species in Europe at the present time, except for the few plants which have been raised from them by means of grafts and cuttings. (Pice oe behaviour here, confirms the high opinion of its merits we had already formed at Kew. The rare Japanese Abies Mariesis Mr. Hesse has always kept a keen look-out for new things. The West American larch (Lariz occidentalis), for instance, about which hopes are entertained that it will make a substitute for the common larch in British woods, was introduced to this nursery d It is evidently not so ry. There are enormous fine lilies and herbaceous plants. And as for the commoner forest trees, and trees u for street planting, they exist in hundreds of thousands. HERRENHAUSEN, HANOVER. June 6. i i igi id some large old ber notably weeping a oak,, an The point of ace e last King of Hanover lived f me Te Kich House, the building on Kew Green near the Main a papas ge afterwards became the Kew Herbarium. The private gt ounds 392 which it stands are still sometimes spoken of as the “King of Hanover’sGrounds.” To botanist 1 horticulturists H I is also interesting for the gardens that surround it, and especially the Botanic Garden. _ The political differences which long existed between the Dukes of Cumberland and the Government of Prussia, and the consequent absence of the former from his home at Herrenhausen has no It was fortunate that for many years they were under the super- intendence of Mr. Wendland, an enthusiastic botanist and gardener, The most striking object in the Botanic Garden is the Palm House. This lofty structure affords head room for the growth of magnificent palms At one time the collection here exceeded in extent any other in Europe. In the grounds are many in- teresting trees and shrubs of unusual size. The curious Araliad from China, Acanthopanax sessiliflorum, is represented by a bush 12 ft. high and 21 ft. across. Pyrus floribunda is a tree 35 ft. high, 42 ft. through, and has a trunk 4 ft. 3 in. in girth. Vibur- Constantinople nut (Corylus Colurna) made a lofty pyramid 45 ft. through at the base, with its lower branches reaching to the pretty, glaucous hue beneath the leaf. Other good maples are A, saccharin i its liability to injury by spring frosts, thrives parti i ; particularly well in sige Europe. Here in Herrenhausen, a graceful young tree, : ‘s high, with a clean frunk 1 ft. 8 in. in girth, was in perfect ealth, and growing rapidly. Among other trees of more than rough scaling bark, 10 ft. ; Nyssa a satel si ae : cordata es 3 4VYssa aquatica, 4 ft. 4 in. ; Magnolia 9 ce ome 3 ft. 1 in. in girth; and Tilia petiolaris, One of the most famous features i a of Herrenhausen is a double brine of lime trees leading from the house to the mausoleum. account of their age. a necessary operation, no doubt, on 393 There yet remains to be noticed the formal garden which fills a huge area in front of the house, and provides such a vivid contrast to the Botanic Garden we have just left with its fine trees, lawns, and shady walks. This formal garden is a striking illustration of the numerous gardens on the Continent whose designers drew their inspiration from Versailles. It is situated on a perfectly flat - piece of ground, and consists chiefly of a series of avenues and straight walks radiating from circular open spaces. ‘The morning of June 6, like the previous night, had been rainy, and many of the walks were a morass of mud two to three inches deep. A large part of the workmen’s time must be taken up with such purely mechanical work as clipping the interminable hedges and raking over the walks. A sheet of water of considerable size and several circular basins give some interest to the place, but little gardening of a genuine nature is done, and few flowers are to seen. Statuary, however, is abundant. The triangular spaces one keeps on asking oneself the question, “ What is the good o it all ?” without ever finding a satisfactory answer. BERLIN. June 7 to June 10. The stranger interested in trees seeks out, on his first arrival at Berlin, the famous Unter den Linden. As a street, with the a nificent Brandenburg Gate at one end, it ranks as one of the fines in Europe. But as an example of arboriculture it is eg tip si The limes are healthy but small, and very much of the type e seen in hundreds of streets in the suburbs of London. ey are planted to form an avenue along the middle of the street, leaving a Space for carriages and other traffic at the sides. ier Garten. Through the Brandenburg Gate one reaches the Thier is is eh area of perhaps 200 acres, largely covered ee bager Whilst the walks by which it is intersected afford sree af Ney that is full of suggestion. No attempt, owe apgeet ibe i : ct is too important a — vee it has recently been to be dismissed in a few Pert erdenert? Chronicle,” 394 dards, In early June a very attractive display was made by the Diervillas. A favourite form of garden decoration is the training of Virginia creeper and other climbers in festoons reaching from the trunk of one tree to another. No one interested in landscape work should visit Berlin without seeing the waterfall in the Victoria Park. This park is situated on the sides of a conical hill which is the highest point for some distance round, and affords an extensive view over Berlin. The summit of the hill is crowned by a monument recalling the battles of the last Napoleonic campaigns, 1813-5. But the great feature of the park is an artificial waterfall which courses down one side of the hill, It is modelled on a steep mountain gorge, and there is nothing skimpy or makeshift in either the design or its execution. are tumbling down, the eye finally rests on the black, ugly, Gothic monument at the top recalling the defeats of Napoleon. This is the monument from this particular point, as could easily be done by planting some quick-growing tree at the top of the gorge. Mr. L. SPATH’s NurSERY. June 9. among leading men may be thered from the fact that both Bismarck and Moltke honoured the nursery by planting memorial trees therein with their own hands, —— Soe wmary purpose. Whilst, to meet demands of this es and various mapl of the commoner trees such as planes, maples : eae long noted for the ie ati. the nursery has besides been on ema contain so large and varied a stock. 395 Mr. Spith maintains near his dwelling-house a large arboretum, which is private garden as well. Here is cultivated in permanence a very extensive standard collection, and many of the trees have developed into notable examples of their kind. It should be mentioned, as showing the spirit in which the business is con- ducted, that a skilled botanist is attached to the firm, whose duty it is to see that everything in the nursery is correctly named. fact was learnt that it first appeared as a sport from a stock plant on which had been grafted a variegated Cornus, the graft itself Similar to R., Smirnowi, is here; it is distinguishable by the cuspidate apex of the leaf. Quercus pontica, a very handsome large-leaved oak from Lazistan, I was glad to see, also the true Pterocarya rhoifolia. An interesting fir is Abies insignis, a A po and A. Nordmanniana. . Walderseet, a Norway maple, whose leaves are so densely speckled with white dots as to berolinensis, a useful semi-fastigiat A plant of one variety “ Madame Sancy de Parabére,” loaded with flowers, measured 10 ft. bigh by 8 ft. through. Sans Souci. June 10. at Schénbrunn and Herrenhausen, been allowed to overlay the ae pat by a long and pees series of flights of steps. The Ulside has been terraced, and the suppo alls i tion of the less are “alba, with glass, and are used for the sores ihe’ re cultivation of fruit trees and vegetables. he hill i ished with a The level ground at the base of voli et is nein trees are varied and very interesting sylvan growtl wsyincdon we eat 380 finely devel Tilia argentea, f He oragate (Ginkgo biloba). high, and there are a pair of fine maiden health a Cercidophylium japonicum is 25 ft. high—e picture of 396 elegance. A striking and somewhat unusual effect was made by planting purple beech and the variegated Acer Negundo so close together that the foliage of the two trees commingled. The restrictions compelling visitors to keep to the paths are, as in other German public gardens, strictly enforced and prevent a close inspection of the trees and shrubs. errace ed “walls” of the alley, windows are left through which views of the flower garden, with its central statue of Apollo are obtained. The sloping banks of the terrace are clothed with a luxuriant and charm. Like so Sans Souci is liberally besprinkled with statues and grottoes, and there are several water-basins and other forms of masonry. One leaves Sans Souci with a desire to see it again. The distance between the gardens of Sans Souci and the newer palace of Potsdam is filled with woodland of somewhat the same character as the Thier Garten outside the Brandenburg Gate. Owing to the Imperial Family being in residence, it was not possible to obtain a close viey of the Schloss and its immediate surroundings, DRESDEN BOTANIC GARDEN. June 1]. entered. The Botanic Garden of Dresden, though not large, is admirably managed, and is a worthy accompaniment to the fine streets, churches, public buildings, and galleries of the city. The trees and shrubs I found particularly interesting, the collection being varied and extensive, and many of the individual specimens finely developed. It is not often one meets with so many uncommon trees and shrubs in so small a space, and in so characteristic a condition. The garden ig not large enough to grow everything, 80, very wisely, preference is given to the rarer and more beautiful species. On the other hand valuable space is ni ene " a grand scale, as it is at Tervueren, near Brussels. Where insufficient room for a complete collection arranged 397 systematically, it seems to be a waste of space to duplicate such ees as there is room for under a geographical arrangement. It middle of Europe. And for purposes of comparison and the solution of problems of identity, it is surely more convenient to have the representatives of a genus in close proximity rather than the representatives of a country generally. Magnolias thrive exceedingly well at Dresden. A plant of M. stellata 10 ft. high and 15ft. through must be a wonderful picture when in flower. There is also a very handsome specimen of the comparatively new and uncommon MV. hypoleuca ; it is 17 ft. high, the branches rather erect, and the habit pyramidal. »Of the large trees, Populus trichocarpa was perhaps most noteworthy ; this species is allied to the balsam poplar, but comes from Western orth America. Although not very long known in England, it is already 70 to 80ft. high in this garden, and its trunk girths 5 ft. in. Quercus bicolor, one of the American white oaks which do not thrive well in England, is here 50 ft. high, very healthy, with a trunk 3 ft.4in. in girth. Other interesting oaks are the American Y. stellata (or Q. obtusiloba), 25 ft. high, and Q. pontica. occidentalis is 25 ft. high, but conifers generally are not good, Loiseleuria procumbens, Epigaea repens, and Oxycoceus macro- carpus, all growing in soft spongy peat in full sunshine. There is a small well-furnished rockery on which many se plants are thriving admirably, and the herbaceous plants generally are good, GROSSE GARTEN, DRESDEN. June ll, A short tram ride from the Botanic Garden will take the soe: : to the Grosse Garten, which will well repay the one Ts al a museum. A considerable portion of the now : grounds are covered with beautiful woodland, peg eased ted . . . in. : there 1 tine as the one at Herrenhausen, but girthing 6 ft. 3 in. ; one of the finest specimens 0 edt chia ihecaga yen alae —a tree with enormous spreading head of elega : pedunculata, var. Concordia) nearly as tall, and a 2 vt branching close to the ground where the trank i ae through. In a shady opening into the woods was a easing i in time suggest arrangement of rhododendrons, a spot which may 1m ft te the Rhododendron dell at Kew. A good use here, as 17 Berlin, 1 » rounded made of the Rouen lilac grown as standards. They meee ho 33819 398 Eplty heads 8 or 9 ft, through, supported on stems 4 to 5 ft. high d 20 in. or so in girth. Returning towards the town by yee Soule: one may traverse the banks of the Carola see, a char lake with undulating, curving banks, and a prettily aianousl marginal vegetation, amongst which the silvery- leaved Elaeagnu 8 orientalis was a most telling feature in June, surpassing any willow in whiteness. . The journey on to Prague was taken in the evening. PRAGUE. June 12. ‘There is not much of unusual interest to the botanist and eonnoisseur of trees in Prague, but before going on to Vienna I paid a visit to the chief open space of the city, the Karls Platz, The grounds here are very pleasant, with lawn and trees disposed informally. Although considerably south of Rerlin the trees used are the same as those common in the gardens of North Germany and Britain, and planters rely on such things as oaks, Ailanthus, black walnut, elms, Robinia and the like. To the foreigner, the chief object of interest in the Karls Platz isa statue of Benedict Roezl, the famous rma aseners in Mexico and Tropical South Am merica. He w was bor 824, and di ed at sop in nite Yet it is easy to recall the names of . leas Ter gages fe some of them Kew men—who have as great a claim re the gratitude and remembrance of Sealeitiy as Benedict Roezl. VIENNA BOTANIC GARDEN. June 13. i the wdternhate tree with i characteristic pendulous Soason ear the entrance from the Ren nneweg are a fine Ulmus glabra that name, is Shore a ‘ow-branch hi unk neanly@ ms ~ mm. 1, lO) mm, lati, oblongi vel ovato-oblongi, obtusi ; sacculi + ane truncati, minute bidentati. Coronae lobi clavati, horizontaliter porrecti. ANGOLA. Ulondo Mountains, 1360 m. alt., Wellman, 1785. 375. Ceropegia Wellmanii, N. H. Brown [Asclepiadaceae] ; affinis C. umbraticolae, K. Se hum., foliis aaydats: ovatis glabris et floribus minoribus distinctissima. glabro, superne parce " puberulo. gf M8 a vel deflexa ; bini. Pedicelli 1 cm. Tobe” minutissime itberns li. Sepala 5-6 mm. longa, lanceolato-atten nuata, apice recurva, parce et minutissime puberula. Corollae tnbus 2-2 (vel ultra ?) em. longus, cupularis, 10-dentata, dentibus 4 mm. lo ongis erectis linearibus obtusis longe-ciliatis, basi paribus i eons connatis cum denticulo inuto inter iis munitis. Coronae interioris lobi 1 mm. antheris See ineumbentes et beebiords, dorso partitionibus coronae exteriori rete “thas Mountains, 1360 m. alt., Wellman, 1781. (§ Tirucalliy rte Stapf [Kuphorbiaceae] ; atin H Botta » Boiss. et HL. Schin eri, Presl, S Soaisastiets nsis- simos formans, ramis longis vel sreotis vel patulis vel pendulis quaquaversus implicatis junioribus» superne longe (ad. vel 409 ultra 40 cm.) ef ae ; ab #. Schimperi etiam cyathiis longius pedunculatis recedit. Frutex ha amilia.) vix metralis, sense ae glaberrimus ; rami teretes, glaucescentes, longi, vel erecti vel patuli vel oe qua- quaversus densissime implicati, juniores superne longe (ad vel ultra 40 cm.) indivisi, vetustiores ramos secundarios aca angulo : inde ig cingentia ei ili Aton apiculata, ('5-0°6 mm. longa. Umbellae terminales, radiis 4-6, centrali 3-4 mm., caeteris vi longis. Cyathium centrale ¢, ebracteatum, 8 m diametro, lateralia § , bracteis 2 rotundatis wot latioribus quam diamet longis suffulta, 5 mm. diametro. Involuerum 5-lobatum (vel in “me centrali Kanico lacie lobis vibes ohana date magis ninusve emarg natis: aa s0- cag ipticis ‘vel > (vel sent, *e ct : stigma ate ‘mataretion Uganpa. Mawokota, H. Brown, 414. The habitus description has been drawn up from an excellent photograph of a specimen growing in the Entebbe Gardens, where it had been Sanpete from May ckor, ae te Brown writes 977. Bulbine torta, NV. HE. Brown aie affinis B. mini- mae, Baker, foliis crassioribus et valde tortuosis facile distinguitur. l arvus palmatim divisus. Folia 8-10, erecta, valde tortuosa, 3-4 cm. longa, 0°75 mm Sikeys lineari- filiformia, sent Capus (eum racemo 2°} ne longo) 6 em. altus, inferne nudus Slaber. Bracteae 2-5-4 mm. longae, membranaceae, ovatae, acuminatae, leviter bafeanbeken, Pedicelli 5-6 m glabri. Perianthii segmenta valde patentia vel tie. OB : longa, 1:5 mm. lata, reste eatge les obtusa, glabra, lutea. sl fas num filamenta e basi fere ad apicem pilis clavatis dense bar antherae pubqundeato-ovbiod linen, bilobae. SouTH AFRICA, Worcester Div.; Karoo at Matjesfontein, Aug., 1895, F. B. Weiss, 10. apf [Gramin- 978. Andropogon (§ Arthrolophis) gant ie ace: eae) ; affin fi vs nine Schum Ngee ety Mdiceltiagts : ioribus, P aa fol es val a agers spiculis pedi- r ilis ] mm.,, n per yi cum cr evabiot nibus Dene ae A I vaginalibne te Tee tunis arcte fasciculati - inva 5-vel brevi tenui orti, 05 m. vel ultra alti, pee inferioribus Pluri-nodi, bag tert rang mans oxsertis, fere to 1 gemmis inferiori- Foliorum vaginae 410 glabrae v vel superi res magis minusve hirsutae imprimis superne secundum margines ; ligulae scariosae, ad latera haud herbaceae truncaiae, brevissimae ; penny lineares, longe Sa i Gras basi constrictae, rotundata lo em. longae, a latae, planae, basi supra acdc pilis longis albis barbatae, aa hine de praesertim secundum margines asperas additis, costa tenni, nervis lateralibus enumis a — ) supra a secundariis : “ee Lareegen a ene foliatos terminant s, graciles, oat 10 cm. longi, longe e pein propria la Shia lam nam brevem angustam gerente exserti, superior pedunculo duriben 5mm. longo glabro suffultus, — nodi, flavescentes ; articuli pedicellique > mm, longi, similes, clavati, dorso alte convexi, truncati, basi angusti, et breviter barbati, caeterum glabri, nitidi. Spicula sessilis inter articulum pedicellumque ae sui arcte cuneata, a latere compressa, ad 7mm. longa, callo 1 mm. longo glabro sulcato incluso ; gluma inferior sae ae. tenuiter acuminata, acumine 2- dentato, dorso profunde canaliculata, superne in carinis subscabrida, caeterum veers chartacea, nitidula, nervis utrinque 3, nedianece viridi, interiore suicum comitante brunnescente ; glum superior eymbiformis, acuta, erlor vix brevior, engin gracili, columna 7-8 mm. longa, seta iol palea qua sua valva duplo brevior, alte bifida, enervis, Spi cula ianoaliak lanceolata, acute acuminata, 6-6-5 mm. longa, viridula; gluma inferior mu lta nervis fu sarrttay circa 9 tenuibus intermedio paulo validio glu ma superior 5 min. longa, acutissima, 3-5-nervis, ciliolata valvae boots oblongae, acutae, hyalinae, inferior ad 5 9 mm. longa, 2-nervis, ciliolata, superior brevior, deli- i duplo breviore. cate 1-nervis, eciliata, cum palea alte bifida brevior Stamina in utraque spicula 3; antherae aurantiacae, spiculae sessilis 1 mm. ongee, A adieslin tae 3 mm. longae. Caryopsis ohignes 22 mm. longa. Ischaemum chrysatherum K. Schum. n Engl. Veget. Verh, Neidaias pp. 14 and 28 (name). EAST AFRICA. Usa in bush near Muoa, Holst, 3,073! also near Amboni, Holst soverie to Engler, l.c. p. 28). 379. Andropogon (§ eS saya Stapf {Gramin- aceae]; affinis A. canaliculato, Schum., sed ligula 1 cm. (vel han longa, ue s pedicellisque vix tunaidis, aristis validioribus ongis d viridee vel rubentes, glaberrimae, laevissimae ; ligulae ad 13 mm. longae, scariosae praeter latera firme herbacea nervosa in lobos . . es oda ramo solitario e nodo inferiore ; pedunculi communes graciles, 6-9 cm. longi, in spatha propria angusta vel dilatata 4}1 vero marginibus leviter convexis), praet in e argines breviter barbatos ciliatosque glabri, nitiduli, apice suboblique truncati, vix e i. Spicula sessilis inter articul d cellumque sui nodi cuneata, a latere admo pressa, longa, glabra, callo brevissimo i sso 0 uma inferior Sigurt Ianoec lta: minute truncata, dorso profunde angus canali- culata, superne in carinis spinuloso-ciliolata, caeterum laevis, chartacea, nervis 7-8, utrinque sub carinis 2 vel 3 tenuis oe 1 saepe extra-carinalis, / utrinque ad sulcum, apice brevissimo addito ; gluma superior cymbiformis, at “teal aequans, acuta, subchartacea, lucida, carina superne asperula, margin nibus ciliolatis, utrinque nervo submarginali batais valvae hyaiinae, longe ciliatae,. inferior late pe reve éraneetala, 9 mm. longa, 2-nervis, superior late oblonga, biloba, m. longa, arista geniculata, columna_pallide brunnea, 10-12. mm. longa, seta aequilonga vel aulo longiore ; palea sub- binervis, mim. lon so A 3-sub-5-nervis, ciliolata, mucrone circa 1 mm. longo; valva mm. longae, hb vellitees ciliatae, acutae, inferior or git superior 3-nervyis cum palea oblonga subenervi eciliata 3 m longa et flore ¢. Antherae 3 5 mm. longae. WEST AFRICA. Togoland, Misa Héhe, Baumann, 318. 5 Anda (GA 1 J Ls: ) pi g : a Stapf [Gramin naceae }; affinis A. canaliculato, Schum., sed lamin 5 basi longe anguste attenuatis vel - petiolatis, articulis pedicels ee convexis, rluma ape spiculae sessilis late coneava distinctus. vaginam continuatam ipo e; laminae ode r : basin versus longe angusteque ares, betads aceo apace ae, no. longas, 6 ait, Jatae, me “pve es e sati, ,e pa a i i brevem sa eet —— glabra epee nails Orne, lene zal 1 ; articuli pedicellique ss -macu li, “en ter clavati, in doo maid Art of te shee ec valde convexi, faci sta subeonca Bacon ad angulos (pracipné “interiors Lami eet oblique be ort pedicelli emarginati. Spicula sessilis in ee iis. cellumque nodi sui cuneata, a bate compressa, triq 412 longa, callo brevi impresso breviter barbato incluso; gluma inferior lanceolata, minute truncata, dorso late convexa, basi ad callum distincte constricta, superne in peg 8 asperula, caeterum laevis, chartacea, nitidula, nervis 7-8 praeter duos intimos remotos aequans, paulo ultra 1 mm. lata, subacuta, tenuiter pgctanting lucida, carina subasperula, marginibus ciliatis, utrinque 1 sub- marginali tenui; valvae hyalinae, ee See haben ee, truncatula, ad 5 mm. longa, 2-nervis, superior anguste oblonga biloba, 3:5 mm. longa, arista Sercclois ate pallide brunnea, circiter 9 mm. longa, seta aequilonga. Spicula pedicellata elliptico- oblonga, acuta, 6-6°5 mm. longa, viridula; gluma_ inferior aristulata, aristula ad 3 mm. longa, ad flexuras jovi a medio hispidulo-ciliolata, nervis arctis aida 20-24 aequalibus ; gluma superior inferiori aequilonga, acuta, 3-nervis, ciliata; valvae es soe hyalinae, interior ad 55 mm. longa, latior, obtusa, 3- nervis, l-nervis, minute bidentata, eciliata, 4°5 mm. longa, cum sibs en ervi, 2°0 mm. longa et flore ¢. Antherae 3-5 mm. longae. SENEGAMBIA, M’Bidjen, Thierry, 92. L.—NEW ORCHIDS: DECADE 32. 11. Liparis rhodochila, Rolfe, ad L. doce iedd J. J. Smith, accedit, sed labetlo non profunde bilobo differ seudobulbi caespitosi, late aiaieaite eibomn proses; circa 15 cm. longi et lati, vaginis ovatis cucullatis vestiti, press Folia elliptico-oblongs, apice minute bidenticulata, circa 7 cm. longa, 3 ¢ a. Scapi terminales, erecti saboom bree circa e mm. longae.. pea sabes 510 mm, longi. Sepala reflexa, oblonga, obtusa, 7-8 mm. longa. Petala peeks obtusa, 7— 8 mm. longa. Labellum late unguiculatum ; unguis erectus; limbus arcte reflexus, obovatus, apice truncatus et minute denticulatns, 4 mm. latus; discus ilies Columna clavata, 4 mm. longa, alis brevissimis JAVA, 1908. It was opted “etn J. W. Moore, Rawdon EA eds, who inform us that it came from Java. The sepals and petals are light green, and the lip reddish crimson. L. bicolor, J. J. Smith, is only known to us from description, but besides having a deeply two-lobed lip the leaves and scape are over a foot er aed td Dixoni, Rolfe; a B. Pechei, Bull (Bot. Mag. scapo longiore, floribus b - t petalis ts ae ping us brunneo maculatis et pe Herba epiphytica. Ehizoma validum. Pseudobulbi pentagoni, maheci monophylli, circa 3 cm. longi. Folia oblongo-lanceolata, = ac igo circa 9 ¢ gs longa, 1 Se lata. Scapi suberecti, 15-18 cm asin vaginis tubulosis vestiti ; dria subnutantes, multiflori. Bracteae triangulares, acutae, 3-4 m ongae. Pedicelli erassiuseuli, 5 mm. longi. Sepalwm posticum aise. obtusum 413 vel minute apiculatum, 7 mm. longum; sepala lateralia ovato- oblonga, acuta, 8 mm. longa. Petala triangularia, apice caudato- setifera, 4 mm. longa. Labellum carnosum, oblongum Seana: fatslioulatum, 4-5 mm. longum ; lobi la terales igi late prise obtusi, 1 mm. longi. Oslstine crassa, m. longa; dente subulati, 1 mm. longi. S1aM. Mountains round Chengmai, Dr. Arthur Kerr. Sent for determination from the grind College Botanic Garden, Dublin, by Dr. H. H. Dixon, in pete ary, 1908. The flowers are light Secnish yellow, with nu cane more or less confluent dark bro a ogg Exchange his of the British Isles for The Cistuses. The Garden, 1885, vol. xxvii. , p. 570. Prunus tril fruited Bawiharig, wee Sati 1885, vol. xxviti., p: 346. Large- ES 427 Yellow Roses. Gard. Chron., 1885, vol. xxiv., p. 468. Fremontia californica. The Garden, 1886, vol. xxix., p. 8. Rosa Ripartii, Déséglise, in Britain. Journ. Bot., 1886, vol. xxiv., Balt, Specimen Trees in Kew Gardens. Gard. Chron., 1888, vol. iv., pp. 504, 602, 724, 764. Hardy Azaleas. The Garden, 1888, vol. xxxiv., p. 416. The Kew Arboretum. Garden and Forest, 1888, vol. i., pp. 40, 53, ‘ah 136. Report of the Botanical Exchange Club of the British Isles for 1887, te 1888. (Greater part reproduced in the Journal of Botany, 1889, vol. xxvii., pp. 52-59. ) Ho laa Notes in Seuttorn France and Northern Italy. Garden and Forest, 1889, vol. ii., pp. pte 508, 518, 532, 555, 567, 578, 603 ; 1890, vol. iii., pp. 3, 15, 99, 111, 150. The Kew Arboretum. prone and Forest, 1889, vol. ii., p. 207. Specimen Trees in Kew Gardens. Gard. Chron., 1889, vol. v., pp. 44, 264, cic the White Lilac Industry. Garden and Forest, 1889, Vol ii., p e Barberries, The Garden, 1889, vol. xxxv., p. 264. The Gatouie 8, p. 409. Ditech Oaks. The Garden, 1891, vol. xl.. p. 95. Conifers as Specimen Trees and for Landscape Gardening. Journ, Roy. Hort. Soc., 1892, ns. vol. xiv., pp. 34-40. The Oleasters, The Garden: 1892, vol. xli., p. 352. The Skimmias. The Garden, 1892, vol. xlii., p. 133. The Broom and its Allies, p. 188. The Juneberries, p. 540. Lilies at Kew. Garden and Forest, 1893, vol. vi., p. 413. The Cornels or Dogwoods. The Garden, leg ye xliii., p. 152. The § Stuartias, p. 172. The Genistas, p. 212 Clerodendron ttichotomum, p. 504, Flo Owering Trees and Shrubs. Journ. Roy. Hort. Soc. 1894, ns. Vol. xvii., pp. 56-65, Hy ydrangea hortensis var. Lindleyana. The Garden, 1894, Vol. xlvi., p. 466. eas culture and Arboriculture in the United States. Kew ulletin, 1894, pp. 37-66. The Magnolias, Gard. Chron., 1895, vol. xvii., p. 515. Hand-list tof Trees and Shrubs grown in the Kew Arboretum. Polypetalae, 1894. Part 2, Gamopetalae to a dones, 1896. W. B. H. Dhadaee zine Ne September.—The plants figure R oor Ma , Ho oe f., var. oblusifolia, Hutchinson, obinig Kelseyi, Hor Agave Watsoni, J. R. Drummond & 428 C. H. Wright, Zaluzianskya maritima Walp., and Bulbophyllum galbinum, Ridl. The Rhododendron is a new variety which w discovered in the mountains of north-east Manipur by Sir George att, who sent seeds to Kew in 1882. Like the type the variety has large white flowers, but it differs from it in its obtuse leaves and longer calyx-segments. Robinia Kelseyi is an attractive plant with rose-coloured flowers and pods which are conspicuous on account of their dense covering of long reddish gland-tipped hairs. The Kew plants were purchased from Mr. H. P. Kelsey, of Boston, Mass., in 1903. The Agave, which is probably Central American, was described for the first time in the Kew Bulletin for 1907, p. 322. The plant was purchased in 1906 from Mr. Justus Corderoy, Blewbury, Dideot, who obtained it originally from the Ghiesbreght Collection. At Kew it has produced neither seeds nor offsets. Zaluzianskya is a genus of showy-flowered Scrophulariaceous plants of 32 species, all of which are South African. The flowers which usually expand at night and are by Mr. Gumbleton, who also presented seeds to the gardens, which he obtained from Mr. Thorncroft of Barberton, Transvaal. The Kew plants died after flowering. Bulbophyllum galbinum, a native of the Malay Peninsula, resembles B. Reinwardtii, Reichb. docs has Ppl peduncles. was presented to Kew, other orchids, including some alli i Ihophyllum be Wie Hom: WoliarRathsohild. ee ae eee ee Me wths are caused by a hitherto undescribed species of fungus di —— - the genus Pestalozzia. Mr. Evans sends the following tagnosis of his new species for publication in the Bulletin :— | tacos gone (Monochaetia, Sac.) Cydoniae, Evans et Dowge.— tubercul mnuti, nigri, globosi, primo immersi dein erumpentes, ula ampla nodulosa formantes, Conidia fusoidea, 3-4-sep- aah tn Samay mediis fuligineis extimis hyalinis, apice hyalinae, Plerum@ue obliqua ornata. Conidiophorae graciles TRAN age Sot tn wmanulis vivis Cydoniae vulgaris, Evans. Be oe re bs P ; ara Rubber.—The third edition of Mr. Wright’s useful book brasiliensis has been chemistry, and diseases of Hevet ; received, hl revised, and ig considerably eniarged, Work has been thoroughly ot eae SE ROYAL BOTANIC GARDENS, KEW. BULLETIN OF MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION, No. 10.] (1908. LIV.—CASCARA SAGRADA. (Rhamnus Purshiana, DC.). The drug, Cascara Sagrada, is furnished by the bark of two species of Rhamnus, R. Purshiana, DC. and R. californica, Kschsch., natives of Western North America. The attention of Kew was drawn to the matter in a letter from Mr. F. R. S. Balfour, who has recently made some interesting journeys in the Western States of N. America with the object of studying the forests of those regions. In sending some seeds 0 mnus Purshiana he wrote as follows :— “T send you some seed of Rhamnus Purshiana gathered by me_ at the head waters of South Fork of Skokomish river, Olympic Mountains, Washington. It is from this tree that the medical C agrada’ (bark) is got, of which about 50 carloads were From the way in which R. Purshiana has flourished at Kew (see Plate 1) it seems not unlikely that it may be 4 suitable 1375 Wt35 12/08 D&S 29 34356 430 subject for oe to the western coasts of the British Islands, and may also prove to be of value commercially since the local supply is becoming exhausted and hatintiohis do not appear to have been started in America. In order to test whether the bark of an Seeger pid tree would. yield the drug in the same percentage and of as good a quality as that of the native samples, one of the Kew sabe of about the size of toe one shown in the plate was cut down for purposes of analys Messrs. RE Wellcome & Co. very kindly undertook to examine the bark and to report the results of their em, ri and 5} lbs. of dry bark, the produce of the Kew tree, was sent i February last to Dr. i. A. D. Jowett, senior chemist of she Wellcome Research Laboratories, London, for ana The bark sent was duly Wilke ws into sab Taide soit of which are now in Museum No. I— t has been reported that “ the = extract is andistinguishablo = its action from that made m American Bark,” and in a further letter from Messrs. Piatrougha: Walia & Uo., it is stated that “The physician, to whom your special Cascara was submitted, reported. it to be equal to the average of tabloid products from bark grown in America.’ CHEMISTRY. With regard to the chemistry of the drug Cascara, our knowledge is still somewhat confused and unsatisfactory. The hi story of nae subject has been ahie dealt with by Dr. Jowett, who has also done a great deal of work in attempting to ae the active principle of the drug. The following account has been extracted from the paper to which reference has been made. The only definite principle which has been sankey isolated from ra bark is emodin, and in addition a small amount of a pegging isomeric with emodin, melting at 183° C., but tiechibte ammonia. Glucose has also been found, and a substance which, on treatment with acids, yields syringic acid. The bark contains about 2 per cent. of a fat yielding the alcohol rhamnol, which is identical with the alcohol obtained from Ké-sam seeds (Brucea sumatrana, Roxb. i All attempts to obtain the —— principle, an unpleasant and characteristic feature of Cas bark, or derivates of it in a crystalline form were cauiousetaL No difference could be observed between the chemical Gh yas oldie. the fresh (1 year old) or of the so-called mature bark Beyond slight differences in the amounts of extractive, &c., the examination of ane us Purshiana and of R. californica gave identical results Physiological experiments which were made for the purpose of locating the active principle of the drug, showed that emodin is not. the active principle and exerts very little influence, if any, on the characteristic action of Cascara. The active principle or principles ucing the aperient action of the te, are contained in that PEATE: 1; Bulletin, 1908, Kew he, “he P| PS = . , ot Bod eis. For a > \ A SAGRADA TREE IN SUMMER. > \ CASCAI amnus Purshiana, DC, To face page £30. j PLATE 2: Kew Bulletin, 1908. Fic. 1. Rhamnus Purshiana. DC., in late Autumn. Fre: 2, R. Purshiana, shewing shoots from the stool. 7 431 portion of the alcoholic extract which is soluble in water and pre- cipitated by lead sub-acetate, and further, it is contained in that soluble in ethyl acetate. It has not been found possible to isolate a crystalline product from this extract, and therefore no clue has as yet been obtained as to the chemical nature of the active principle.* THE TREE. The native home of R. Purshiana is on the Pacific slope of North America from Northern California northwards to Oregon and Washington ; it is also found sparingly in Idaho and Montana. It is stated to vary considerably in size, in some places forming a shrub of 10-12 feet in height and in others it becomes a small tree 20-40 feet high with a trunk 1 foot or more in diameter. The average yield of a tree is about 10 lbs. of bark, and as 1,000,000 lbs. of the drug are required annually, some 100,000 trees have to be destroyed each year; a shortage of bark was reported in 1905. The following note, which has been prepared by the Assistant Curator, gives an account of the trees of R. Purshiana in the Royal Botanic Gardens, K e of which is shewn in summer ew, on and in winter condition in the accompanying plates. Plates has been stem-pruned, and shows a more upright habit.) © bark Short light-coloured fissures that traverse it longitudinally. The species is undoubtedly quite hardy at Kew. All our trees passed through the great frosts of February, 1895, unprotected and without injury, and they are not likely to experience a Severer test than that. They flower regularly in May, but the fruits, which are ripe in August, are not produced regularly or in any quantity. The fertility of home-grown seeds has not yet been tested, but seeds recenily imported from the United States have germinated badly. Of the seeds sent by Mr. F. R. S. Balfour only three germinated and all the rest appear to have been bad at the time of sowing. ene Me Chemical investigation of Cascara Bark by H. A. D. Jowett, D, Se, Paper 0. 47. The Wellcome Chemical Research Laboratories. é port of the Commissioner of Agriculture, Washington, 1855, pp. 67, 68, and Plate IIL, Rhamnus Purshiana. +P ourn, 1905, p. 323. i 34356 A2 432 The three plants raised from seed, sown in January last, are now rom 3-5 inches in height. A further consignment of seed was the whole of this consignment of seed appears to have been infertile, The plant can probably be propagated by means of cuttings. Plantations ee Ee. Pt — could apparently be treated as coppice. One of the Kew trees, now 17 years old, whose bark h ’ and has sent up a crowd of shoots from the stump, some of which grew 4 feet high during the summer; they are shown in the inset to Plate 2. Rhamus californica is represented at Kew by three distinct forms, viz. the type, var. tomentella with very tomentose young wood and pect and var. oleifolia with smaller leaves than either and the largest is now vate 6 feet high. R. cali fornict, though it yields the drug Cascara Sagrada and flourishes in not appear to be so pert a subject for cultivation in Great Havlik With regard to R. Purshiana, however, the evidence which has been given both from the clinical and cultural points of view seems to indicate that the cultivation of this species is worthy of consideration* ; moreover, it seems likely that the demand for the drug will not diminish. EXPLANATION OF PLATES. Plate 1. A tree of Rhamnus Purshiana, DC. 17 years old, grown from seed at Kew. From a photograph taken in summer of a tree 21 feet in height. Plate 2. Fig. 1. The same tree in late antumn. Fig. 2. A vigorous growth of shoots, which have have sprung from the stool of the tree cut down for analysis. The longest shoots are 4 feet in height. LV.—DIAGNOSES AFRICANAE: XXVI. = henge hea 5g iE, Brown [Polygalaceae] ; affini - suberectis junioribus angulatis a forbes msjoribe facile atiaphiear. Fruticulus parvus, compacte ramosus, floribus exceptis omnino elaber, “mubrigidns. Rami et ramuli subere ecti, subconferti, pri- conspicue angulati, demum gubteretes, Folia alterna, * With — to the market value of Cascara bark reported in the Chemist ant Druggist of December 5 1908, that fifty bags of pos thin bark, impor , were sold at the rate of 3 se ewt. Th as i as 26)- and as high as 50 perc “ig € price, however, has heen 433 érecta vel subadpressa, 2°5-5 mm. longa, 1-1°5 mm. lata, oblonga vel subobovato- oblonga, acuta vel mucronata, basi in petiolum brevissimum angustata, crassa, dorso bisuleata, Flores axillares, solitarii vel binis, pedicellati. Pedicelli 15 mm. longi. Sepal he inaequalia ; syed -1> mm. fee nga 3 tongio pea alia, “45 mm. longa; 2 ’ superiora Sain, obtusa, basi parce ciliata et intra ottg pubescentia, alba; carina latissime biloba, alba crista purpu SourH AFRICA. Woresie Div.; Karoo near Matjesfontein, ce 1905, F. EH. Weis 2. Fagonia pica Schweinf in Bull. Herb. Boiss. sér i, vii. 973 (1899) [ Zygophyllaceae Var. somalica, Sprague ; a typo sepalis minoribus ly rata lati- oribus, petalis brevius unguiculatis apice retusis mutic Pedicelli 4-5 mm. longi. Sepala ovato- elliptica eg 35 mm longa, 15-2 mm. lata, non ciliolata, alia breviter acute acuminata, alia acuta tantum. ‘Petala obovata, leviter retusa, mutica, 5-5-6 mm. longa, 3-5-4 mm. lata, ungue vix 1°5 mm. long BRITISH SOMALILAND. Drake-Brockman, 511, 514. The sepals of typical #. socotrana are glanduiancilialate. and _ the petals are conspicuously apiculate. 983 a pabetalum rhodesicum, Sprague et is erasers [ Dichapeta- laceae]; a 8 D. argenteo, Engl., a quo petiolis longioribus, foliis rake densaseal i tetera cymis esicn ba pro rata pauci- oris t Frutex 60-70 em. altus, ligno molli. Ramuli subteretes, sulcati, circiter 3 mm. dia ametro, ut petioli, Ss eat et inilores- centia a dense fulvo-tomentosi, internodiis 1-5-3 em. longis. Folia oblongo-elliptiva, oblongo-ovata vel oblongo-lanceolata, acute acu- inata vel rotundata et mucronata, 5-10 em. longa, 3-4 em. lata, basi rotundata, discolora, supra viridi-brunne ea, densiuscule siher Supra leviter impressis subtus prominentibus, venulis supra Mconspicuis subtus prominulis ; petioli is mm. longi, plano- Convexi. Stinulae para ti oping 5-7 mm. lon ngae, subacutae, Cymae axillares, laxiflorae, usque ad 3 cm. ie bracteis linear- ibus 2mm. longis. Cai yeis tubus 1 mm. fae teat lobi obovato- oblongi, acuti, 5-6 mm. longi, 15-2 mm. lati, extra fulvo-tomen- tosi, intra pubescentes. Petala ohisnperee alte ee 3) mm. longa, 2-5 mm. lata, extra longe pilosa, intra g abra. Sta ng sursum Spectantibus, Ovariwm omnino superum, ovoideum, 3- penere, rarius 2-loculare, extra dense V og loculis hae gs iad, ; u Tuctus diametro, tee tomentos apillia Majidea) Posteri, s rague [Sapindacene—Har- pullin is B za Feta Sp Radik., a qua floribus actinomorphie , isos pentagono differt. 434 Folia 15-30 em. longa; foliola 3-7-juga, opposita vel subop- posita, oblonga vel lanceolato- oblonga, apice breviter obtuse meager basi oblique cuneata petiolulis brevissimis, 9-9 cm. longa, 2-3 cm. lata, praeter nervum oe um supra puberulum glabra. Inflorescentia circiter 13 em. longa, subcorymbosa, ramis et ramulis ut pedicellis bracteis ate capsulisque velutino- pubescentibus. lores monoici, in cincinnos dispositi quorum flos terminalis femineus ceteri masculi ; bracteae ovatae, usque a em. longae; pedicelli 6 mm. longi. Sepala 5, varius 6, deltoideo-ovata, 3-3° 5mm. longa, 2°5-3 mm. lata. Petala Spa hag 1-2, lan ceolata, utrinque dense pubescentia, usque i longa, ‘> mm. lata. ¢: Discus carnosus, pentagon tu diam eetaties crenulatus. Stamina 8, in crenulis disct insert; Metin pia 5 mm. longa. Ovarii radimentum 1 m longum, pilos 2: Staminodia 15 mm. lon nga. Capsula immatura, hay 1 em. longa, stylo persistente 3 mm. longo. Semina pilosa. LAGOs. Oloke Meji, Foster, 49. H. Fostert is known at Oloke Meji under the native name “Ishin Oko.” Though obviously allied to H. zanguebarica, it could not be placed in any of the subgenera of Harpullia as —— by Radlkofer in Engler & Prantl, Pflanzenfamilien, vol. iii. 5. p. 362. A specimen was accordingly submitted to Prof. Radlkoter, who agreed that its closest affinity was with °A zanguebarica and adagascariensis, and suggested that it should be placed in the subgenus JJajidea, as the type of a new section. This in- volves alteration of the characters of the subgenus Majidea, which now differs from EHuharpullia and Otonychium only in the hairy seed. Subgenus Majidea, Radlk., emend. Flores actinomorphi vel zygomorphi bracteis foliaceis. Semina exarillata, pilosa Sectio eu. an. (sect. nov.). Flores actino- morphi disco pentagono. Sp. 1, H. Fosteri, Sprague sg er tat Harpllioges, Radik., (sect. nov.). Flores sripmoreel Marlothii, N. i Brown [Asclepiadaceae ] ; affinis S. Aster Masson, sed corona exteriora brevissima et lobis fiterioribus e basi patulis eiuetiieiins. Caules erecti, basi decumbentes, 10-15 em. oo 1:3-2'5 cm. crassi, 4-angula ti, pubescentes, angulis compressis. Joves solitarii (Mar loth) prope basin caulorum enati. Podicelli cm. (vel ultra ?) ens beac St Sepala 1 em, .. longa, lanceolata, acuta, velutina. olla asi, I- acutissimi. Co oronae iobi exteriores erecti, 25 5 mm, lon ee acuti, concavi ; lobi oo bipartiti, parte exteriora alaeformi 3 mm. longa, 2-965 . lata, late oblonga, apice obtusissima vel emer ‘obscure saohesaany parte interiora e basi patula, ieetihacs “Mahone Hills, Marloth, 3414. 990. Crabbea acaulis, VN. H. Brown [ Acanthaceae ] ; na Nees capitulis sessilibus, bracteis meme he TN et floribus duplo majoribus differt He See —— Folia 6-8, rosulata, sessilia, subcrasso-coriacea, 4-6 cm. longa, 2-4 em. lata, elliptico- lanceolata vel inte obtusa, os cuneata, supra glabra, subtus costa et fetes ne parce setuloso- -pilosa. Capitula 1-2, sessilia, pluriflor Prasad ser orioree usque 2°5 cm, longae, 6-8 m es — anaes i cones: 12 tame ates ig 5 mm. diam., anguste renal formis, glaber; limbus subaequaliter obli ae 5-lobus; lobis 4-5 mm. longis et latis, suborbiculatis, glabris, inferioribus subtus laxe pubescentibus ; palato carinato, Sta amina inclusa ; antherae naire Bases o apice minute apiculatae. Stigma orbiculato- ova 437 TRANSVAAL. Jeppestown Ridges, near Johannesburg, 6000 ft. Gilfillan in Herb. Galpin, 6245. 991. Isoglossa densa, N. HL. Brown Core nants ; affinis J, origanoidi, Lindl., bracteis ree angustioribus, linearibus vel lineari-lanceolatis, ‘obtusis, marginibus apice involutis, nee planis nec dense villoso-glanduliferis, facile distinguitur. Caules erecti, ramosi, inferne glabri, superne puberali. Folia superiora (cum petiolis 2-4 mm. longis) 1°5-3 em. longa, 7-14 m a u b cuneata, supra glabra, subtus oe parce scabro-puberula, basi tantum ciliata. Sypicae ad ramos termin nales, 2-3 em. longae, fs em. latae, densae. Bracteae inferiores foliis parvis simulantes, eres 6-10 mm. longae, latae, lineares vel lineari- Be hatse. obtnusae, fairies apse involutae , cum bracteolis sepalisque ilis simplicibus ciliatae, dorso pilis glanduliferis laxe vel subdense obtectae. Bracteolae 6- 7 mm. longae, 2 mm. geet tantum puberula, alba; tubus ees m. longus Se brevior ; 6 m abra; antherae ears superpositi. Capsula oie basi age 1-2-sp H AFRICA. ae oe Div. ; near East London, Wood é in Hor Galpin. 3375. Sx Vitex Fosteri, C. H. Wright [Verbenaceae-Viticeae]; a V. ferruginea, Schumach, & Thonn., foliolis ellipticis petiolulis longioribus differ Rami qu aera fulvo-villosi. Folia 5-7-foliolata ; ee elliptica, basi cuneata, a apice breviter cuspidata, 8 cm. lon la » Supra Sparse puberala, subtus ad venis pubescentia, ad Tamaiais minute denseque aureo-glandulosa, integra vel obtuse serrata ; petiolus 8 em. longus , fulvo-villosus; petioluli tenues, 1-2 cm. ongi. Calyx aperte _—— nulatus, 7 mm. diam., extus dense Villosus ; tubus 4 mm. lon gus, ore aabobliquas lobi hae Penis mm. lon ngi. Corollae pubes 8 mm. longus, curvatus, medio ¢ strictus, extus basi glaber, bees: Patera: intus basi eleken naa Supra staminum insertionem pubescens; lobi ae Nata mm. lati; lobus aking rotundatus, crenatus, 8 mm. diam. Fi = cilia robusta, pubescentia ; antherae aivorebien "Stylus glaberrim Ca 2 ee 34. 993. Plectranthus Alleni, C. H. Wright [Labiatae-Ocimoideae] ; P ad stenophylio, Baker, atfinis, Se dentibus majoribus foliisque petiolatis subtus glabris differ Caulis erectus, rigidus, ph ad me em. altus, 2 ora latus. Fotia. oblon nga, obtusa, basi longe attenuata, obscure crenata, a glabra, subtus Pecan: minutis impressis ‘ietemeies ad m. longa et 2°5 em. lata; petiolus 15-3 em. longus. Racemus terminalis laxiflorus ;. peduneulus infra glaber, supra hirsuta ; 438 pedicelli 4 lin. longi. Calyx hirsutus ; — eampanulatus, 2 lin. lo longus; lobus posticus ovatus, 2 mm. longus; lobi caeteri e basi deltoideo rigide subulati. Corolla oxtae Canis, intus glabra; tubus in. longus, leviter curvatus; lobus anticus ovatus, concavus, 5 lin. longus, 3 lin. latus, pbbaaee: lobi caeteri oblongi, 3-4 lin. longi. Filamenta glabra. RuopEsIA. Lukandu River, 0. #. F. Allen, 471. 994, aeaaehsie Prain, gen. nov. ese uianeee genus inter Phyllantheis ponendum, a generibus alteris quorum folia digitatim foliolata i calycis utriusque sexus ae 2. seria- libus, florumque fasciculis ad axillas foliorum delapsorum glomeratis recedens Flores que capes) opel Flores : Sepata 6, 2- acti ad 10 cm, longi, basi excepta ramulosi, filiformes, ‘laev yes vel superne spicul lanceolato-oblongae, 2°2-25 mm. longae. Glwmae admodum inaequales, inferior hyalina, anguste oblonga vel lanceolata, suba- cuta, spic ulam mediam paulo excedens, superior lanceolata, tenuiter acuminata, I-nervis, valvam paulo excedens. Valva lanceolata, hia vel subacuminata, l-nervis ; palea paulo brevior. Stamin a 3 antherae 1:2 mm. longae. Caryopsis ae oblonga, 15 mm. longa, obtuse quadrangularie, compressa ; peri- carpium rigidum, dehiscens. Seminis testa ips es mucil- aginosa ; endosperma opacum TROPICAL AFRICA. Bahriel. -Gnhazal district; Niamniam country, by the Ibba River, near Nganye, Schweinfur th, BOT: LVI.—THE NELSON DISTRICT OF NEW ZEALAND. The oe tees letter descriptive - a journey in the Nelson District of New Zealand, by Capt. A. A. DORRIEN-SMITH, has been al ed by him at the tact: of the Dirootor for publication in the Bulletin :— An Account or A TRIP TO THE NELSON DISTRICT OF NE EALAND IN JANUARY, 1908 I left Nelson on 16th January by a small steamer to wp ieee which is the centre of a considerable fruit-growing area, about © hours steam in a N.W. direction. On arrival I set o to drive 29 miles to a saseehibis oceupied by Mr. Stebbings, who is in the habit of accommodating travellers and provides the necessary pack-horses, &c., for beyond his house there are no roads, m terry tracks on nly being chip it was after dark 18 wae a nuisan as it meant eee sone ora deflexa. i glabrae omg virentes. Pedicelli 4-7 mm. apni glabri, virentes. Ca alye. 5 (siccate 4) mm. longus, d-lobus, basi cupularis, glaber, laete virens; lobi erecti, 3 mm. longi, cing eyed acuti. obtuse pentagona, glabra, viridi-lutea ; mente erecta, acuta, fere ad medium connata. Stamina inclusa; antherae luteae. Car- pella pallide virescentia Origin unknown, pro opatly a native of Mexico or adjacent tea Flowered at Kew during the summer of 1908. Lo ew Wrightia sikkimensis, Gamble [Apooynacene}; W. tinctoriae, R. Br., foliis et fructu affinis sed floribus coccineis/et praecipue corollae appendicibus inaequalibus dentatis nec fmbriatio differt. Arbor parva ; ramuli teretes, purpurei, lentice ellis sparsis notati. F olia membranacea, cyaneo-viridia, elli ptico-lanceolata vel 34356 B 2 448 obovata, apice obtuse cuspidato-acuminata, basi sane utrinque glabra vel nervis infra pubescentia, 8-12 cm. longa, 3-5 cm. lata ; hervi utrinque 10-12, marginem versus parallele Eee petiolus circiter 5 mm. longus, sulcatus. Cymae terminales, corymbosae, puberulae, subsessiles, ad 5 em. longae et latae, dichotomo-ramosae ; bracteae parvae, ovato-acutae, caducae; pedicelli graciles, 10-12 m. | alabastra conoidea. Flores coccinei. Calyx parvus, tubus brevis, vix 1 mm. longus; lobi senbeey ae fulvo- pubescentes, 8-12 mm. longi. Coronae appendices 10, glabrae, oblongo- -lanceolatae, integrae vel 2~3-fidae, 5 corollae lobis oppo- sitae, 6-7 mm. longae, et 5 alternae, vix 3 mm. longae. sagittatae, utrinque epee filamentis et connectivo crassis. di oo geile ad "25 em. oust vix 3 mm. lati. Semina carnosa. Holarrhena sp. Gamble in Darj. List of Trees, &e., ed. 1. 55. Wrightia coccinea, Gamble in Darj. List, &c., ed. 2, 56, non Sims ; ; sates eek bcs . 461? IND the outer hills of the Sikkim Himalaya up to 123). ‘ Ganibte 574, 769, 3210 (1876) ; below Kurseong, Brandis 507. Columnea (Eucolumnea) Seccgorein Sprague (Gesner- aceae]; affinis C. glabrae, Oerst., a qua ¢ s lobis angastioribus sursum attenuatis superne intra cog aed 0b edit. Ramuli_ graciles, — leviter alati, a pallide cinerei, 15-3 mm. diametro, glabri, novelli tantum longiuscule pilosi. Folia oblongo-lanceolata, basi sre ree subrotundata, i 2-3 mm. longi, minute glandulosi, oe pilosi, supra excavati. Flores solitarii, pedicellis 6-7 mm. longis dense appresse rubro- pilosis. Calyx totus vix 2 em. Tongs, extra appresse rubro-pilo- sus, intus plaka. tubus 15-2 mm. longus; lobi anguste lineari- lanceolati, popes attenuati, superne reflexi, circiter i 7 cm. longi, 0-275 mm. lati, 5-6- “hervii, intra superne sanguinei. Oorolla tota fere 7 a pet extra appresse pilosa, intra pilis conicis ASE ape puberula, lobo antico anguste oblongo 1*7 cm. longo alibus triangularibus cum galea 12 cm. connata, margine superiore 11 cm. Jongo, galea septs oblonga (explanata) a valde depresse aiaecict inata 18 em. longa, 15 em. lata. Fila- menta inferne 5-5°5 mm. in v. acca m anticam tae medio 3 mm. adn ‘atam connata, partibus liberis circiter 4:5 cm. longis ; antherae vix ultra 3 mm. lo ongae. Glanduia disci unica, postica, cucullata, 1-75 mm. longa, 0-6 mm, ace i St a eets . GUATEMALA. Sarax, Depart. Vv oe heim in Donnell-Sm ith: 866. part. Alta Verapaz, 1380 m., Tuere 449 508. Columnea (Hucolumnea) Patines his [ Gesner- aceae]; species distincta foliis majusculis nce pace: calyce parvo extra tantum dense villoso, lobis sibpectiansociontas is. Ramuli exstantes circiter 13 cm, longi, obtuse tetragoni, hispidi, inferne 4 mm. diametro. Jolia anguste oblanceolata, in basin a triente superiore sensim attenuata, apice breviter acuminata, interdum subabrupte, 6°5-11 cm. longa, 1:5-2°5 em. lata, supra aaa vel glabrescentia, subtus strigoso-pubescentia, ere nervis, exsiccando papyracea ; nervi laterales utrinque 4-9, aor inconspicui, subtus satis prominentes ; petioli 1-2 a longi, hispidi. lores verisimiliter in axillis solitarii, pedicellis 2 cm. longis patule villosis. Calyx extra praesertim inferne dense villosus, villis aliis glanduloso-capitatis aliis eglandulosis, intra glaber ; tubus 1°5-2 mm. longus ; lobi anguste lanceolati, acumin- ati, 8-10 mm. longi, 2-3 mm. lati dentibus exclusis, subpec- tinato dentati, pactmra utrinque 4-5, longioribus circiter 1°25 mm longis. Corolla tota 55-6 cm. longa, extra longuiscule glandulogo- pubescens, intr einudanine pubescens, lobo bag anguste lan- cevlato obtusiusculo vix 15 em lo ongo 5° mm. lato 3°6-3°7 cm. supra basin norien lobis ee cum aalee 1-2 cm. connatis superne triangularibus, marg uperiore 7-9 mm. longo, galea propria ieapavings elliptica (explanata) J-1:2 cm. longa fere 18 em. lata truncato-rotundata levissime emarginata. I’ilamenta longis dense minute patenter pilosis; antherae 3°5 mm. longae, oO. P Glandula disci wnica, postica, 1°5-1'75 mm. longa, sea retusa vel bifida. Ovarium ovoideum, 3-35 mm longum, dense vil- losum ; stylus vix ultra 5 cm. longus, patule pilosus. Costa Rica. Hiibsch. 2 509. Arthraxon Meeboldii, Ser ee affinis A, lanceolato, Hochst., sed spiculis longioribus, gluma i gees “spieulae sessilis eine versus pulcherrime epeiibsd- lar Gramen annuum. Culmi 2-3 e basi breviter prostrata seed dentes, 15-20 cm, alti, graciles, glaberrimi, simplices, 6-8-nodi, internodiis sursum accrescentibus, summo 5-7 em. longo vix vel breviter exserto. fears’ a infimae a cahie solutae, Caeterae arctae vel super lus minusve tumidae, praeter basin ad nodum barbrlatam glabra i: superne pilosae ; ligulae ra Cc . glabri ; pedicelli similes, sed 3 mm. longi et fere duplo latiores. ous vigiiees mye ores ee longe acuminatae, m lata eg 25 5 ; 450 muricibus summis in tuberculos abeuntibus et pilos in barbam argenteo-nitidam dispositos gerentibus, apice ipso glabro, serie que addita Vv t carinalibus tenuibus 3; gluma superior subnavicularis, a latere sehasnirat |i : nuis obtusiuscula, 4°5 mm. longa, enervis, valva superior a_latere a tenuiter acuminata, 6 mm. longa, hyalina, J-nervis, paulo supra basin aristata, aristae columna brannea 7-8 mm longa, seta nitida alba 12-14 mm. longa; palea nulla. Spiculae pedicellatae lanceolatae, acutae, chartaceae, 7 mm. longae; gluma inferior superne bic: carinata, carinis rigide ciliolatis, caeterum 9-nervis 8, nervy is subcarinalibus utrin oY distinctis, Vv valva inferior vacua, ovato-ob onga, hyalina, subuninervis, oe fere 4 mm. longa ; valva superior cum flore ¢ , ovata, bidentula, inter dentes mucronulata, hyalina, l-nervis, inferiorem aequans cum ce lineari enervi l mm. longa. Antherae 2°5 mm. longae. Concan, in open grassland on a hillside near Khanduale, 600 — " Mecbold, 9132. A very elegant — easily recognised by the silvery beards of the sessile spikelet 510. Andropogon sniuaatius 2) cer epee Cooke et Stapf [Gramin Sree toa ogoneae]; ob culas ee rias infimas saepissime neutras caeterum eade oh fo orma ac fertiles si vis ad Dithandhium referendus, sed nulli speciei ate affinis, spiculis maiusculis in racemos spiculis Serrafalei haud dissimiles congestis ee Gramen annu®m, ad 60 cm. altum, gregarium. Culmi graciles, laeves, ¢ glabri, e basi tenui ascendente radices fulcrantes emittente erecti, 10-nodi, internodiis inferioribus brevibus et ad nodos tumidis plerisque exsertis, superne 1-3 solitarios longos rgraciles agentes liorum vaginae infimae es, laxa ovatae, ciliatae, 1 mm. longae; laminae e basi paulo angustiore lineares, longe tenuiter oe ad 15 cm. longae, 4-6 mm. at Nel : infimos yor, breves, cylindrici, glabri, caeteri ad 175 mm. longi, s ecedentes, subclavati, latere exteriore neers ; exuosi, f dentem Hate cartilagineum producti, 2mm -longi. Spiculae arete im bri vel summae subdivergentes stramineae, scariosae, palatine Spice sessiles $ (nisi infima saepissime neutra) ; gluma inferior lanceolata in als late alata, cum alis scariosis oblonga vel elliptico-oblonga, acuta vel Regie bifida vel apice e 451 sublacerata, 8-9°5 mm. longa, inter carinas 7-9 nervis, marginibus angustissimis inflexis ; gluma superior, lanceolata, acuta, 6-6°5 mm. inferior vacua, oblonga, obtusa, vel superiore suppressa. Antherae 15 mm. longae. Caryopsis ambitu elliptico-oblonga, a dorso compressa, 3 mm. longa. “A, Cookei, Stapf ex Woodrow in Journ. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., vol. xiii., p. 438 (nomen tantum). INDIA ORIENTALIS. Western Ghats, Sakarpattar, near Lanauli. Woodrow ! LVITI.—_MISCELLANEOUS NOTES. Presentations to Gardens—The collections of living plants at Kew are maintained in as complete and representative a condition as is possible by means of purchase and exchange. Plants that are likely to prove valuable in distant parts of the empire are pro- pagated and distributed as far as the resources of the establishment shrubs from Mr. Meyer’s collection has been presented by the United States Department of Agriculture. Exchanges have been effected with the botanic gardens of Berlin, Paris, Brussels, and the lonial garden of the Congo Free State ; also with the botanic by the Companhia de Mocambi ue, 13 Austin Friars. Seeds of Pouteria suavi chased from Mr. E. Frosio, Paysanda, Uruguay, and from them a batch of young plants has been raised ; 2 botanical and agricultural stations in the tropics ; also received from Mr. D. R. O’Sullivan Beare, H.M. | onsul, © Bahia. Mr. T. A. Derrien-Smith, Tresco, presented a large collec- tion of new or rare plants which had been brought by his son, Captain A. A, Dorrien-Smith, from New Zealand; the Hon. 452 Walter Rothschild, Tring, presented a collection of valuable orchids; the Rt. Hon. J. Chamberlain, Highbury, presented hybrid orchids; the Hon. Vicary Gibbs, Aldenham House, sent a set of Chinese plants, and Messrs. Philippe and Maurice de Vilmorin various trees and shrubs. Kew is also indebted to arious nurserymen for valuable contributions of plants, and especially to Messrs. J. Veitch & Sons, Chelsea; Messrs. F. Sander and Sons, St. Albans, and Messrs. H. Low & Co., Enfield. W. W Presentations: Waterfowl.—A Mandarin Duck from the Zoological Society of London. A pair of Mandarin Ducks presented by Col. C. G. Tottenham, Bally Curry, Ashford, Co. Wicklow, Ireland. ; A pair of Common Sheldrakes presented by Mr. T. A. Dorrien- Smith, Tresco Abbey, Isles of Scilly. A Black Swan, female, presented by H.M. Office of Works, from Regents Park. depbetnnnegeie pc The tree was in full blossom in the first week of November, before any leaves had fallen. This was no doubt accounted for from them a crop of haws is developed. his tree was, in November, carrying flowers, fruit and full foliage simultaneously. Wissds- Bt: reread, eee The History of the Royal Botanic Gardens.*—To the firm of Messrs. Cassell and Company we owe the publication of an of which may best be gathered from the opening paragraphs of the introduction Supplied by the late Director which are here reproduced, : “It had long been my desire to write some sort of history which would trace the beginnings and development of Kew and of all the name stands for, [ believe that my predecessor in the * The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew : Histori ipti “crap se a : : Historical and Descriptive. By W. J. Bean, corn urator. With an introduction by Sir William Thiselton-Dyer’ maa > &e, . Directorship cherished the hope that he too might accomplish the task, and I suppose that in each case the same causes defeated the intention. As with many other Government posts, the man who would control all the various activities of Kew must ‘scorn delights,’ even those under his immediate eye, ‘and live laborious days’; he must be content, however imperfectly, to do what he can, not what he would ; and must swallow, with what philosophy he may, continual discontent that the day’s work cannot be crammed into the day’s hours. No assistance can aid him beyond a certain point, and no one can share his responsibility. Was not to be lost ; it might not, and probably would not, ever recur. That the thing must be done at Kew was obvious; history circumstantial accuracy without data and documents. It was a can but admire the ability with which he has marshalled a vast me of the deepest interest, and, I am persuaded, can be scarcely less so to its other readers. “These few words would be sufficient to introduce those who have worthily taken part in the production of the book. But looking back upon Kew in a long retrospect, I may summarise Some of the salient impressions which emerge from the mass of detail, Amongst our scientific institutions, Kew stands out With a history which is almost august. And it is characteristic of English tradition that its present constitution is the outcome of an aaa inevitable evolution. Circumstance has made it, and this a given it a stability which it would not have possessed if it d been the creation of the moment, however logical. seen so much history as the piece of ground included within the — of the Winiies pre 2 lies between Kew and Richmond Ses. Successive dynasties made it their residence, first In its nm and enry VII. built = Palace at Richmond, in which his successor entertained the ‘mperor Charles V. Queen Mary lived there, and in it Elizabeth kab the death warrant of Mary Queen of Scots, and died aeelt: Her court, on their way to “pied have passed along Love Lane, which traversed the Ga oni Was the original hamlet of Kew, which od apa eastwards round Kew G . d -& 18 Obscure, but the earliest form, Kay-hough, was per a *rived from the landing-place of the ferry. Midway, at Ormonde 454 two of his sons, William IV. and the Duke of Kent, were married in the presence of the dying Queen Charlotte. S. The royal influence and atmosphere persists. It is the stately garden of a great personage, though that is now the British public and no longer the sovereign.” _ Holly, Yew and Box.*_The collections of Holly, Yew and Box in the Arboretum at Kew are, no doubt, more extensive than any others existing in the British Isles, and Mr. Dallimore’s long the most important feature of this work is the se egation of the broad-leaved varieties of garden Holly under Ilex platyphylla. Previous monographers, including Moore, have always put these broad-leaved Hollies, such as balearica, nigricans, Hodginsii, &c., under I. Aquifolium. Mr. Dallimore’s researches have led him Whilst the book will, no doubt, be henceforth regarded as the standard work of reference on these plants, containing as it does oe descriptions of all known varieties ot Holly, Yew and Box, = : : _ The final part of the book which deals with « other evergreens ” 1g-more discursive and fragmentary, and appears to have been a sort of afterthought. Still, it contains in a condensed form much valuable information and will be useful to planters searching for * Holly, Yew and Bo: it i- aisle: M 7 Heed. ™, = h chapters on other Evergreens, By W. Dali 455 the best evergreens. The book is well printed on good paper, and the illustrations (mostly from photographs taken at Kew) are admirably reproduced. The varieties of common Holly are illustrated by outline drawings of single leaves which originally appeared in the * Gardeners’ Chronicle.” Rhus Toxicodendron.—An article by Sir Ray Lankester in the “Daily Telegraph ” of August 8th last has once more drawn public attention to the singular toxic properties of this hardy shrub. Notes and papers on the same subject have from time to time appeared in the botanical and horticultural press, but it evidently required the publicity which the columns of a great daily news- paper alone can give to awaken a general interest in it. ilst widespread attention has thereby been drawn to a matter on which it is very desirable the general public should be informed, the process has been accompanied by the dissemination of certain inaccuracies—which, indeed, appears to be inevitable whenever a subject of this kind is dealt with in the popular press—and much unnecessary alarm has been caused. Rhus Toxicodendron (which is now taken to include also the R. radicans of Linnaeus) is widely spread over the eastern f or some plant dealers to give new names to old plants without troubling to have their identity established has been attended by a certain danger to the public, in addition to the inconvenience and confusion this practice always entails. _In the “ Daily Telegraph” article a wrong description of Ampe- lopsis Veitchii was given. It was there stated that this plant has a “five-pointed leaf.” This, of course, it never has. many who read the article at once went to examine their Ampelopsis Veitchii, and, finding no “ five-pointed ” leaves there, but plenty a rather uncommon plant out of large gardens. Over 140 letters and specimens were received in 456 a few days at Kew in sire oa = this question, but in only five cases was the true poison-ivy se The poisonous effects of Rhus ae on the skin have Jong been known. As long ago as 1623 the author of the “ Historye of the Bermudaes” alluded to them, and there is now quite an extensive although scattered literature on the subject. Although its effects do -not ae Mad to be so violent in this country as in North America, numerous instances of Rhus poisoning are known tous here. The juice produces blisters and eczema-like eruptions on the skin, often accompanied by a general feeling of uneasiness and depression, in addition to the itching, pain and inflammation of the parts particularly affected. The supposed active principle, named “toxicodendrol” by Dr. F. Pfaff of Harvard, is inso oluble in water. It is, therefore, of no use to attempt to remove the uk sag the skin by washing with water. Tt BSvOnESeS and is a ong the recent correspondents of Kew was a lady who sent the true Rhus Toxicodendron with the remark that she had used me leaves for dinner-table decoration. As no evil ster agg a hee recorded she was evidently one of the persons who foie from ions effects a this poison. This correspondent also grew middle of the 18th century. And in Woodville’s “ Medical Botany” (1832) it is statack that “this juice, applied to linen, forms one of the most perfect kinds of indelible ink ; it does not fade from age, washing, or exposure to common chemical - agen . - bute ontinues to grow darker as long as the linen lasts, Tt may be mentioned that the juice (which imme- diately exudes from a broken or cut surface of the wood or leaf-as) is at first milky and yellowish, ‘but soon becomes W.J.B Presentations to Museums. —Forestry Exhibits.—His Grace the Duke of Wellington, K.G. , Stratfieldsaye, Mortimer, Berks. Shae wait Ls hazel damaged by rabbits, and pine cones nibbled by The Most Honourable the Marquess of Bath, Longleat, War: minster. Specimens of various timbers damaged by honeysuckle and a specimen of holly encircled by iv ivy. The Right Honourable the Karl Beauchamp, Madresfield, Mal- ern. Specimens of larch timber grown under various conditions, 457 section of a tree of Pinus sylvestris killed by rifle bullets, photo- graphs of hoop making, charcoal burning and coppice beech from arta &e. r ©, T. Dyke Acland, Bart., Holnicote, Taunton. Twenty- nine Ethan of various timbers, — eats Lucombe oak, wild cherry, Wych elm, alder, lime, hol Lady E. F. Smyth, Ashton nae ae Series of specimens showing damage done by squirrels and rabbits to fir, sycamore, ash, larch, &c. Specimens of ash with holes bored by woodpecker, and other material to illustrate injury caused by the entwining of ene, also young plants of beech and larch injured by an = Director of Forestry, Manila. A collection of 106 sections of Philippine woods. the Hungarian Minister of Agriculture, from the Hungarian Exhibition, Earl's Court, per Mr. Foldi. A large and varied col- lection of timber and forestry products; per Mr. Krolopp, 37 specimens in fluid of vine dis seases prepared by the Royal Hungarian Ampological Institute, and 13 photographs of parks in Hungary. a ne Exhibited in the Ceylon sectio M . Ridley, F.R.S., Direetor, Botanic acdeah Singapore. Stem, various waipies of rubber and two OGL eet. specimens of Hevea Eat ueades from the Malay section, Olym < er, New York. Plant of Gunyale (Parthenium een) and samples of raw and manufactured Guayule r Mr. J. G. van Hemert, Amsterdam. Portion of tapped stem of Balata (Mimusops eee and samples of crude and purified balata _ from Surinam. Saige Rubber Dinialous Ltd. Stems of Castilloa elastica. ympla Mr. Ordinary block om laminated Rambong rabber (Ficus elastic), Deere Olym Mabira Forest (Uganda) Rubber x ae Samples of Crepe rubber from Funtwnia elastica, and photographs of the rubber industry. Olym er British Exhibition. From the Indo-China section, per e Jeune, a d varied selection of raw Nis egetable products, including resins, pes dyes, tans, fibres om the Tunis section, per M. 7 Si mo onot. A Pale Bis E ie of varied product s, including cereals, cork, fibres, olives and olive oi From the French West African section, per M. Max Robert. A large and miscellaneous collection of vegetable products, including gums, resins, cotton, rubber, groans 3 and implements used in the cultivation, oil alas products, 458 M. Raynaud, Biarritz. Map, with illustrations, of the Truffle districts and industry in France, per Senator Dr. Albert Viger. French Agricultural section. Mr. M. Uleog. Portfolio of dried plants and three planks of timber from the Mauritius section. The following presentations have also been recently made to the Museums :— - Mr. A. M. Burn Murdoch, Conservator of Forests, Federated Malay States. Wood of Balanocarpus maximus, with Damar adhering to the bark, and two photographs of Damar trees. Mr. kt. Derry, Assistant Superintendent, Botanic Gardens, Singapore. Sample of Gutta Jelutong from Dyera costulata. Mr. Francis Fox, C.E. Section of beech wood from the founda- tions of Winchester Cathedral. Mr. F. Beresford Wright, Wootton Court, Warwick. A piece of oak wood from the oak and cement foundations of the Roman bridge (discovered in 1792) over the River Trent, East Bridgeford, built about A.D. 120, Mr. F. H. Hunicke, New York. Rubber specimens to show the method of preparation of rubber from Landolphia Thollonii, from Black River, Congo Free State, Messrs. Thomas Turner & Co., Cassiobury Mills, Watford. Specimens illustrating the manufacture of dumb-bells of elm and ech, Indian clubs of elm, felloe of ash, spoke of ash, &e. Messrs. Walter Rogers, Sons, & Barnes, Watford, Herts, Speci- mens to illustrate the manufacture of rake handles and scythe sneaths of birch and various tool handles of ash. Messrs. Thos. Wright & Son, Waterside, Chesham. Various articles made of home-grown timbers, including spades, hoops and articles for domestic use. Assistant-Director, Royal Gardens, Kew. Samples of maize from the vicinity of La Paz, Bolivia, 11-13,000 ft., and samples of Quinoa (Chenopodium Quinoa), a farinaceous seed used as food, From the shores of Lake Titicaca, 12-13,000 ft. Bolivia. A Pee.’ Sen 2 2 Landolphia Thollonii, Dewévre.—Mr. Felix H. Hunicke, of the Continental Rubber Company of America, whose name is known the bark of the roots of Landolphia Tholionii. The roots are cut up into sections from which the bark ig removed, and the wood portions are then discarded. _ The separated bark is then placed in d - that the finely-granulated bark falls out and the rubber is left behind, This rubber appears to be practically free from the 459 granular form in which it is turned out by the process. he and there is an abundance of water power, the new process seems likely to make a considerable advance in the value of the Landol- phia root rubber. The value of the Landolphia, however, does not end with the rubber, for from the granulated bark a fine, rich, red-brown dye is obtained. Mr. Hunicke has presented samples both of the granu- lated bark and of the dye, and also specimens of the impure rubber as extracted by the natives, and a herbarium specimen of the leaves and tlowers of Landolphia Thollonii. A sample of the root of Landolphia humilis, K. Schum., with a herbarium specimen also accompanies these specimens, he aig from this plant is small in quantity and of very little value. A sample of the root and a herbarium specimen of Carpodinus lanceolata, K. Schum., from the Black River, Congo, are also included. Sideroxylon novo-zelandicum, Hemsi. (syn. Achras novo-zelan- dica, F. Muell.).—As long ago as 1875, the late Sir Ferdinand von Mueller pointed out (Fragm. Phytogr. Austral. vol. ix. p. 72) that the New Zealand plant, generally referred to the Norfolk Island Achras costata, Endl. (Prodr. Fl. Norf. 1833, p. 49; - Pl. t. 83), did not agree with Bauer’s drawings. towards the base, and the petioles are longer. The flowers are Usually in pairs in typical A. costata, and solitary in the New Zealand Specimens we have seen. Kew, however, possesses no well-developed flowers from Norfolk Island, but the calyx in the fruiting Specimens is much larger than in S. novo-zelandicum. W. B. H. (December, 1907) tt. 2842-2849, contains figures and descriptions of a number of Asiatic, mainly Chinese, members of this family, § a new genus, Sinofranchetia, Hemsi.; and in the letterpress to t. 2343 Holboellia, Wall. (1824) and Parvatia, Decne. (1837) are reduced to Stauntonia, DC. The reasons for this merely following what had been done long ago by Wallich ane Griffith. presumed insufficiency of the presence or absence (nectaries) asa : d unfortunately the explana- ‘ generic character, and unt : : tion was go phrased as to convey the impression that it was 460 r. F, Gagnepain, in a “Revision des Lardizabaleés Asiatiques de l’Herbier du Muséum,” in the Bulletin du Muséum @ Histoire A. Petals nectariferous, 6, at least in the male flowers. 1. Stamen ve as w+. ase Holboellia. 2. Stamens united by the filaments ... Parvatia. B. Petals none, even in the male flow 8. 1. Stamens united by the filaments ... Stauntonia. and Holboellia. As quoted above, Gagnepain says of Stauntonia: e in the male flowers, hout absence from the male flowers of the same species is practically the only point of difference from Parvatia, Decne. Admitting, as I do, that any one of these characters, or combina- tion of two of these characters, is constant in the same species, they are hardly generic distinctions, especially as they do not correlate with other floral or vegetative characters. Mr. Ga nepain in this discussion ever, apart from the acters in question, there are others deserving of consideration in th limitation ene Gagnepain has nothi say about staminodes, except that in his description of what he takes to be the owers of Stauntonia parviflora, Hemsl., he has “ Staminodia parvula, 6.” ow, the question arises whether they are really staminodes or nect 3 @ question difficult to answer, because undoubted staminodes—imperfect stamens—some ar glands or nec : in some species of Stauntonia (in phylla, Decne. and in §. longipes, Hemsl. (Hook. de. Fi &. 2848), but, as already stated, I have not found any nectaries (petals) in e male flowers of the former ; yet they are present in the male 461 flowers of the latter, though very small. In Parvatia, as de- scribed and figured by Decaisne, the nectaries (petals) are relatively large in the male flowers, and the nectaries and staminodes are very small in the female flowers. These three examples represent the three proposed genera: Stauntonia, Holboellia, and Parvatia, the female flowers of which are in other respects exactly of the same structure, differing only in the size and shape of the parts. This reduces the distinctions to the slight modifications indicated in the male flowers, which amount to :— Presence of nectaries associated with free stamens “es ae ae ig ... Holboellia. Presence of nectaries associated with united stamens... Be weg ee ... Parvatia. Absence of nectaries [from male flowers]; stamens united... ve ee ... Stauntonia. Mr. Gagnepain does not attempt to show that there are other differences, and, it may be added, there are none in the vegetative characters. Therefore I believe it will be generally conceded that there is no justification for restoring Holboellia and Parvatia to generic rank. Combined with Stawntonia they together con- stitute a genus as distinct as Decaisnea, Akebtia, or Sinofranchetia. Coming to species Mr. Gagnepain’s views are again opposed to mine, but here it is aggregation instead of segregation. For example, under Holboellia latifolia, Wall., he places H. angustt- folia, Wall., and Stauntonia longipes, Hemsl., together with other forms, as varieties. They are certainly closely allied, but 1 am still of the opinion that it is better to call them species and give them one name instead of two. . W. B. H. Hooker’s Icones Plantarum.—Part 3 of Volume XXIX. of this work appeared in September. It is wholly devoted to the illus- tration of new Chinese and Indo-Chinese species of /mpatiens, structure. The author employs the term labellum for the spurred connate petals. Most of the species figured have relatively small flowers. JI. attopeuensis belongs to a group characterised by the of the blade of the leaf. In I. zygosepala the sepals are large and connate, enclosing the very short, broad labellum. J. Abbatis 34356 C 462 escribed and figured from very fragmentary material, but Miss Smith has been quite successful in building them up. W.. .By Be Botanical Magazine for October.—The handsome Globe Thistle, ichinops Tournefortii, Ledeb., figured on plate 8,217, isa native Ararat. Its globose heads of white flowers are sometimes as much as five inches in diameter. The plant figured originally came from the garden of Canon Ellacombe at Bitton, Gloucestershire. Rosa sericea, Lindl., var. pleracantha, Franch., a white-flowered Species with elegant foliage, is remarkable for the large com- representative of a small genus of Acanthaceae allied to Justicia, natives of Arabia, Tropical Africa and Socotra, the last named being the home of the species now figured from a specimen presented quality. It is a native of the interior of Angola, and has been identified with the “Ecanda” or “ Marianga” Rubber-plant. me tubers were presented to Kew in 1907 by the Companhia de Mocambique, and in the Kew Bulletin, 1908, pp. 209-215, where the plant is i ae described, particulars relating to its field culture are supplied. Botanical Magazine for November—The plants figured are: Mussaenda erythrophylla, Schum, et Thonn., Meconopsis sinuata, Prain, var. latifolia, Prain, Berberis yunnanensis, Columnea magnifica, Klotzsch et Hanst., and rus sinensis, Lind] i n Mann in 1863, and a second time in 1886, by Mr. W. Micholitz, collector for Messrs. Sander & Sons, but it does not appear to have become established, and probably soon disappeared from gardens. In this striking plant one of the calyx-lobes in some of the 463 flowers is as much as five inches long and four inches broad, and of a brilliant crimson colour. The pretty Meconopsis, with large light-blue flowers, was raised at Kew from seeds sent from de Vilmorin’s introductions from China, and Kew is indebted to him for the plant from which the drawing was made. Its lemon- yellow flowers and red ellipsoid berries are larger than is usual in the cultivated species. Columnea magnifica isa Central American species which was brought into cultivation by Messrs. V. Lemoine & Sons, of Nancy, about four years ago. The figure was prepared mM specimens presented by Col. Beddome and Mr. W. E. Gumbleton. Pyrus sinensis is a native of Manchuria and Korea, and for a considerable time has been cultivated in Northern China and Japan. It was introduced into this country in 1820, and has heen grown at Kew since 1875, when the late Prof. Decaisne of P. sinensis. Its white flowers are produced freely at Kew, but fruits, which are very astringent, do not ripen 1 very freely. Botanical Magazine for December.—Hupatorium Raffillii, Hemsl. posed to be a native of Central America, was Ger i Inflorescence, the larger subumbellate capitula, and the fewer bracts of the involucre. Corytholoma macropodum, Sprague (t. 8228), is a South Brazilian Gesneraceous plant, umbellate cinnabar-red flowers, for which Kew is indebted to t. G. H. Weigt, Director, Botanical Parks, Piracicaba, Brazil, who communicated seeds in 1906. The stems, which arise from a subglobose tuber, bear only one or two pairs of shortly stalked Suborbicular leaves. Eria hyacinthoides, Lindl. (t. 8229), is a ad Javan species, which produces in May several spikes of White flowers. The plant figured was presented to Kew by i e Moore, of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Glasnevin, In 903. Cytisus decumbens, Spach (t. 823 a small trailin prab with bri llo wers, a native of South Europe, Where it is widely distributed. The Kew plants originated from i en in 1895. : Spracue & Hutchinson (t. 8231), was recently described for the first rae in the Kew Bulletin from dried editor, and to whom the publication so largely owes the h Position it holds amongst the botanical and horticultural literature of the world, C2 34356 464 Richard Spruce.—The Botanical manuscripts of the _ late Richard Spruce have recently been presented to the Library through the kindness of DR. ALFRED RUSSEL WALLACE. In offer- ing the volumes to Kew, Dr. Wallace wrote to the Director on November 11th, 1908, from Broadstone, Wimborne, as follows.— “ lam empowered by Dr. Spruce’s executor, Mr. M. B. Slater, to offer to the Kew Botanical Library the following MSS. Journals and notes of Spruce, together with the letters received by him from various botanists as enumerated in the List enclosed. “To them I add the letters to Mr. W. Borrer which have come into my hands as executor of the late Mr. W. T. Mitten “Please inform me if these or any of them will be acceptable and I will at once forward them.” The following is the list of Spruce’s Botanical Manuscripts enclosed by Dr. Wallace. “Plantae Amazonicae. 2 vols. bound. “Plantae Andinae. 2 vols. bound. Containing numerical Regis- ter (up to 6580) to his flowering plants and ferns. Often with detailed descriptions, “MSS. Vol. I. (bound). Containing a large number of notes and short articles, on various scientific subjects, but very largely nical, bota notes and observations, only very partially gleaned by me; and ume. The remainder is botanical from Tarapoto to Banos, with much _ botanical matter (only skimmed by me). Also copious notes on his Mosses and ¥ Rough Notes for the Introduction to his large work on the pa (never written in English) and a few on other botanical subjects. A copy of “Notes of a Botanist on the Amazon & Andes,” by Richard Spruce, largely founded on the above manuscripts, and edited by Alfred Russel Wallace, 0.M., F.R.S., has been presented cut atescmreare oe a . ane ee Te aah to the Department of Lands, New » Have been presented to the R i the author, Dr, LL, ia teat Se reels 465 Park, which was created by Act of Parliament in 1894, and the other deals with the Waipoua Kauri Forest reserve. Both reports mass of admirably treated botanical information. The photo- graphs with which they are illustrated considerably enhance their value and are deserving of high praise. These reports together with the previous report on Kapiti Island (K.B., 1908, p. 266) form a fitting tribute to the wisdom of the Minister of Lands, New Zealand, in directing that these surveys should be undertaken and in having placed the work in the hands of Dr. Cockayne. Trinidad Herbarium List.—A List of the specimens mounted and classified in the herbarium of the Botanical Department, number has increased to about 30,000 in 1908, and besides Trinidad plants includes specimens from Bolivia, Porto Rico, Grenada, &c. It appears that a large number of additions have yet to be arranged and classified, but as it stands the list shows a good representative collection of the flora of Trinidad. Canterbury, New Zealand, on the subject of the article by Capt. Dorrien Smith in Kew Bulletin, No. 6. This letter has been for- warded to Capt. Dorrien-Smith and he has requested us to insert his apologies to the Philosophical Institute in the Bulletin. With regard to the photographs it must be stated, in fairness to Capt. Dorrien-Smith, that the words “ taken by ” at the end of the in the belief that the photographs selected were, aS was the case with the majority of the large collection submitted, his own work. The Editor, The KEW BULLETIN. 4 . 8 some explanation seems to be necessary, with regard to an article appeari - under your issue No. 6, to the Sag tees Institute of Canterbury, I shall be very much obliged if — ts Insert in your columns my deepest apologies for pie = or 4 circumstance would appear a breach of faith on the part 0 ad oni who was a much honeured member of the saceagg 8 . Expedition organised by them in November last. e autho igi i icle, and he to the publication of what was originally a private article, ep Was quite unaware that the photographs appearing in the article 466 were the property of the Council. Such an entire misunder- standing on his part, that nothing was to be published either in England or New Zealand regarding the expedition without the Council’s sanction, is deeply regretted. I am, ete., A. A. DORRIEN-SMITH, Captain. Coagulation of Latex.—In Der Tropenpflanzer for November, 1908 (12 Jahrg., Nr. 11, pp. 520-4), D. Sandmann gives an aecount of a new method of obtaining caoutchouc from latex. The separation of the caoutchouc is carried out in the following way. Freshly tapped latex, with or without admixture of water, hours, and the rubber, having by this time collected at the surface, can be removed from the dishes, after which it only requires to be freed from water by pressure, and is then ready for transport. The fluorine-preparation is sold under the name of “ Purub,” and its use is protected by patents. rubber from the latex of Hevea, but, no doubt, similar experiments will shortly be made with the latex of other plants. List of Botanical Staffs (Appendix IV.): Errata and Addenda.— Page 111, line 8 from top, for *T. W. Main read *J. W. Campbell; line 10 from top for *J, W. Campbell read *F. R. Long. Page 104, under Dublin add— Trinity College Herbarium :-— Ee - 2 oe EP. Wright Ma Ve: Page 106, under Gold Coast add— Director of Agriculture - W. S. D. Tudhope. Page 110, under Singapore add— Assistant Superintendent *T. W. Main. ee INDEX. A. Acacia Davyi, N. EF. Brown, 161. —, Transvaal species of, 156. Acer Osmastoni, Gamble, 446, — Tutcheri, Duthie, 16. Achras novo- zelandica, 459, Acrymia, Prain, gen. nov., 114. — ajugiflora, Pra ie Adelaide Botanic Geneve 141. Agave Watsoni, 427. Agaves at Kew, 265. Agrostis suavis, Stapf, 22 on on Burchellii, NV. £. has ok m, N. FH. Brown, 291. Alafia piNHAnr: 304. Aleurites trisperma, 93. Alysicarpus vaginalis, we Amanita virginea, Massee, 1. a gooseberry pies Amherstia nobilis, 265. Anaphalis viridis, "Cummi ins, 19. Andropogon Rater oy is) heterantherus, — (Dichanthium) apres Cooke et Stapf, 450. u rice Pa ie ae ‘Pras n, gen, NOoV., AB8. — Johnsonii, Prain, 439. Anisotes diversifolius, 462. Anthistiria ciliata, 27. aR conn Seg 230. ppointm Ban as "DL. Cartwright, T.. 421, Fyffe, R., 195. Hislop, A Hutchinson, J., 421 Long, F. R . id Aretotis decurre 8, 47. Avistogeitonia, Prin, gen. nov., — limoniifolia, Prain, 438. Armillaria squamosa, Massee, Arthraxon Meeboldii, Baer 449, att bireme, C. 4. Wright — (Euasplenium) Elliottii, C. H. Wri Asterophorum, Sprague, gen. nov., 249. — eburneum, Sprague, 249. Astilbe virescens, Hutchinson, } . Astrebla triticoides, 27. Australia, Romulea as a pest in, 307. Australian grasses, 21. B. wg eee (Geomitra) Hillii, Chees Balanites P eebioulanlh Sprague, ree cultivation in Egypt, 2, Band, R., 421. Baron, Ror Richard, 45. Barwood, ‘ Bean, W. J., ‘Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew,’ 452, Begonia cathayana — (Knesebe eckia) Sprague, — (Sentobegonia) mo dica, Stapf, 2 Beloperone angustiflora, Stap/, dichroa, Berberis acuminata, 196. : — parvifolia, Sprague, 445, — yunnanensis, ‘ Biak,’ an opium substituie, 23% Bitinga rubber, 209, 305. over ena tonkineusis, 262, Blue Gra Boea Hemet Hemsl. 180. ‘Boletus curtipes, Masse, 216. 468 Agriculture in French West Africa, 208. Botanical Magazine, 46, 88, 140, 196, 233, 311, ’378, 497, 462. Buch der Natur, 133. sachs Capensis, 46. f New Zealand, 92; Holly, Yew and Box, 454. Hooker’s Iconeg Plantarum, 47, 461. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, ia rees of Great Britain and Treland, 134. Boschia Mansoni, ee 445, Boskoop nurseries Botanic G Botanic Stations :— Dominica, 202, Ebute- Metta, 201, Montserrat, 203. Olokemeji, 200. St. Kitts-Nevis, 204, St. Lucia, 142. West Indian, 201. Botanica] Magazin ne, 46, 88, 140, 196, er 311, 378, 427 7, 462, British North Borneo, Para rubber in, 315, Brown, T. W., Banana cultiva- tion in Egyp it, 102. russels Bowaie Gardens, 388. ‘ Buch der Natur,’ 133, Bulbine torta, E. Brown, Bulbophylium Binnendijkii, — Dixoni, Rolfe, 412, — fascina tor. » all. Bulbophyllum galbinum, 428. Butea, notes on, — pellita, Hook. f, 385. C. Cacao pests of Trinidad, 205. Caesalpinia japonica, 37 78. Calliandra Eploenton: Sprague, Callicarpa angustifolia, King et Gamble, . — Maingayi, King et Gamble, 106. Calodon igh” Massee, 9. Camwood, 192. 29, ssebeera Woodfordii 8. h right, Cephaleuros virescens, 89, Ceratitis capitata, 6. ee Wellmanii, VS de Brown, 408. Chirita ected ae Chironia, notes 0 — os st Prai 2. —( (Heterochiron) Bansei, Prain, 295. Al. Burchellii, —_ BO gis eae flexuosa, » 296. = Linehan gracilis, Salisb., we meek oe var. macrocalyx, _ Prain, 294, (Hippochiron) Peglerae, Pens 297, (iss penne scabrida, var. Ygutitola. Prain, 297. — (—) tabularis, Page, 298. — (—) —, var. confusa, Prain, — (Linochiron) Zeyheri, Prain, 295. — —) —, Var. ain, 295. Chloris truncata, 28. Chlorophora excelsa, 192. met ae fascinator, Rolfe, _ angustifolia, — papillosum, Rolfe, 70, , C. B., new genera and Cryptolepis linearis, N. Z. Ipecies of a pict Gaol 378. Brown, 408. Clerodendron lankawiense, { Cuming’s Philippine _ plants, King et inabis 110. localities of, 116. — Ridleyi, King et Gamble, 111. —umbratile, King et Gamble, Clitopilus curtipes, Massee, 4. flavidus, Massev, 4. Cocoanut poate 310, Cockayne, Dr. bs Yelacas expedition, Rot. Park, 465. reserve 465, Codonopsis convolvulacea , 140. Coelogyne albo- -lutea, Rolfe, 414, — Lawrenceana, 47. : — Virescens, Rolfe. Collybia acuminata, Massee, 3. malensis, Sy ‘ague, 448, — magnifica, 462, ~ (Eucolumnea) oblanceolata, Sprague, 449, Combretum sundaicum, 235. Congea Sree a King et Gamble, 114, . Continental gardens _—_ and nurseries, 387. Corchorus discolor, N. Z#. _ Brown, — Junodi, N. EB. Brown, 287. — Kirkii, - Brown, 288. “See a edulis, 36, 47, 141. Corytholo macropodum, Spragu se Cotsedon lateralis, rere 8 Cotylonyhis, Stapf, gen. nov., ie Stapf, 286. Cra ae 8, V. BE. Brown, Crassula Weissii, V. #. Brown, 434, Crataegus praecox, 452 Southern ongariro National aipoua Kauri Forest monogyna, var. Cyclocotyla, Stapf, gen. nov., 209. — congolensis, Stapf, 26 Cynometra Bourdilloni, Bee 4 Oyperaceae, new genera and specie f, Cyphia longifolia, N. E. Brown, 435. Cypripedium debile, 196. Cytisus decumbens, 463. +2 Daedalea Gollanii, Massee, 217. Dahlem Botanic Garden, 393. Dallimore, W., ‘ Holly, Yew and * 454, Danthonia robusta, 29. — semiannularis, Dasystachys leptoneura, OF i. Wright, 440. Date palm, cultivation in Mesopotamia, » Davy, J. t, " notes on Transvaal trees and shrubs, 45. Decades Kewenses, 11, 105, 179, 249, 445 Delphintun candidum, 48, Dermatea mycophaga, Massee, 21 Derris eae Hemsi., 250. Desmodium brachypodum, 92. Diagnoses African, 52, 219, 257, Dichapetalum rhodesicum, et Spex Bre 433. of te hide 269. Disease of plan American Soanbeny mildew, Cacao pests of Trinidad, 205. Cephaleuros virescens, 89, Cocoanut diseases, 310. * Die-back’ of peach ‘shoots, 269. 470) Diseases of plants—cont, Dodder, 88. Hollow potatoes, 139. Investigation of, at Kew Lignum vitae, ean 186. , 310. 9. Thielaviopsis ethaceti Dodder, 88. Dominica Botanic sales 202. ian te H. St. J , additions o Wild Fauna and Flora of ew, Dorrien-Smith, Capt. A. A. Nelson district of New 41, J ————~,Southern Islands expedition 339, 465. Dorste a (Budorstenia) Sanyal Sprague, 299, Dresden ae Garden, 396. — Grosse Garten, 397, Durandea snanetinks teh is — Deplanchei, Stapf, 1 EK, Ebute-Metta Botanic Station, 201. Ecanda rubber, 209, 305. Echinops Tournefortii, 462. Economic notes, Liverpool, 183. ypt, Banana cultivation in, Elliott, W. R, 195, Entomophthora Grylli, 197, Eria 2 seme gas 463, _ aii er Errata 66. Buersphia cordifolia, 378. — americanus, 31, — angustatus, Sprague, 33, 35. — Balansae, Sprague, 180. — cinerens, 31. Euonymus contractus, Sprague, , o4, — echinatus, 32. — Hemsleyanus — mengisesnus, "Sprague, 35. — micron Dse. Sprague, 35. — obovatus, 31. eee Gui species of, bg. — scandens, 33. — anbsessils, Sprague, 32, 34. — Wilsonii, Sprague, 180. Eupatorium Raffillii, 463. ae cTreeniy implexa, Stapf, 408. Exobasidium Faweeitii, Massee, aai, Exochaenium grande, var. homostylum, A. W. Hill, 338 —macranthum, A. W, Hill, 339 —, notes on, 318. ¥F. Fagonia socotrana, var. somalica, Sprague, 433. Fairy rings, 144, Faroa Wellmanii, Prain, 260. aurea racemosa, Fa rmar, 58. Faweett, 04, sire x ‘pusilla, N. E. Brown, Fibre Puke 183, 207. Raffia from Madagascar, 207. Ficus, Transvaal species of, Flora Capensis, 46. — of New Zealand, 9 Franco - British Exhibition, specimens from, 457. French West tee 208. Fruit fly, 6. Fungi Exotici, 1, 216. — from Singapor re, ti —, New Zealand,’ 92. Fyffe, R., 195 G. Gasteria Huttoniae, N. H#. Brown, 440. Geodorum pacificum, Rolfe, 71. oe spathulatum, Masse Genista Pistesssi, 311, — scandens, 386. German East Africa, Sisal hemp cultivation in, Gesnera cardinalis 48, Geunsia Havilandii, King et Gamble, 105. Glastonbury thorn, 452. oes pestis, Massee, Glomera samoensisg, Rolfe, 414. Gomphidius roseus, Massee e, 4, Dereberry mildew, American, aa anomalum, Massee, Grass seeds, vitality of, 23. Grasses, Aust ralian, 21. ymnosporia amaniensis, 199. — bukobina, 199. — lepidota, ta, 199, ed vaccinifolia, Conrath, 221. H. Harpullia (Majidea) Fosteri, Sprague, 433. — , 804, elichrysuma pol hyllum, Con- ath, 225. a Heliophil sulcata, Conrath, sen Conrath, 219. Soe gue, Stapf, gen. _ Chevalieri, rg 289. — Mannii, Sta apf, 28 Herbertia amatoru * 58. Hezenhausen Botanic Garden, 471 Hesse, H., nursery at Weener, 390 Heteromorpha involucrata, Qon- rath, 2 Hevea brasiliensis seeds, ex- periments with, 379. Nec Bartlettii, Massee, 216. Hibiscus apoueurny, Surge et Hutchins — Renton 53. —, var. minor, Sprague, bd. — Gossweileri, Sprague, 56. — nyikensis, Spr ague, 56. — W ade Sprague, 5d. Hislop, A., 376. a, 459. aie a Betas Plantarum, 47 di 46 Hungarian LHxhibition, speci- mens from, 457. Hunicke, F. H., process for extracting Bn from Lan- dolphia Thollonii, 458. Hutchinson, J., 421. Hymenanthera novae - zelan- dieae, 95. Hypholoma elatum, Jassee, 5. a Ilipe nuts of Sarawak, 312. Impatiens, Chinese and Indo- Chinese spp., Indigo, Solomon Islands, 92. —— hebepetala, 378. rostrata, Conrath, 223. Thoeybs nies Massee, 4. Insect Pests :— Ceratitis capitata, 6. Fruit fly, 6. Mediterranean fly Tone grandiflora, fle 413. — ey Rolfe, 413 emum Franksae, Wood, 226. Task Government forests, 401. Tsoglossa densa, N. £. Br rown, 437. J. Jackson, A. B., additions to Wild Fauna and Flora of ew, 125 Jamaica, palit importation into, Jequié Manicoba and its allies, 59, 451. rubber, 63. Jodrell Laboratory, research in, 86. K. Kaempferia Kirkii, var. elatior, 196. Kalanchoé rown, 4 Kan caphintty grass, 27, Kapiti Island, 266. Ke as a remedy for fruit latisepala, N. H. 3d. Kew, Agaves at, 265, Kew ‘Bulletin Additional Series, VIIL., 376. Ga rdens, ~ 132, 309, 451 —, grey eis at, — — Herbarium, additio 8 to, 83. —, Bite ge Taborstory, research in — Library, rem of, supple- ment to, Appendix IT, _—— presentations $0: 133. — Mus ms, presentations to, 132, 228, 229, 266, 309, presentations to, —, pathological research at, 87. Royal Botanic Gardens, lua 6 , 452. —, ite Dr. D. H., portrait of, —, Sion and Pagoda vistas, 129, —, Visitors in 1907, 45, —, waterfowl presented to, 452. —, Wild Fauna and Flora, additions to, 120, 272, Kidroa, 378. Kitchingia uniflora, Stapf, 258, $72 L. Labrador, dried plants from, 135. Lactarius tricolor, Massee, 3. Lancashire willow farm, 416. Landolphia Thollonii, 458, Lardizabalaceae, Asiatic, 459. Larix Griffithii, 140. atex, new method of coagula- tin Leathesia difformis, 74. emoine, Messrs., nursery at Nanc 4, Les Sacra M. L. de Vilmorin’s frnticetum, 405. Lewisia Coty. ledon, eis Lilac, Rumpenheim Liparis ibeidchitla:- ioe 412. — tabularis, Rolfe, 68, 233. — Warpuri, Rolfe, 69. Liverpool Botanic Garden, encase collections in, 188. nomic notes Tovahtins vs Guisitie’s Philip- pine plants, 116. Locust ans South African, OT, Long, F. R., 195. Lonathes glabriflorus, Conrath, 226. ; Lotononis macrosepala, Conrath, 223. — mucronata, Conrath, 222. — orthorrhiza, Conra th, 222. Lycoperdon lignicolum, Massee, STE — polymorphum, 144, M. oe Dr. J., portrait of, 228. perro Sir W., plants from Labrador, 135. Madagascar, rafia fibre from, 07. — rubber plants, 378. Malacantha obtusa, C. 4H. Wright right, 58. Manicoba, Jequié, 59, 451. 473 Manihot dichotoma, 59, — rete 63. — piauhyen Manulea Lminicidce Conrath, 229. Marianga rubber, 209, 305. Mascarenhasia lisianthiflora, 379. Maxillaria pases Rolfe, 415, econopsis sinuata, var. iati- folia, 462. Mediterranean fly, 6. Melolobium eulppicsns Con- rath, 222. Mesembryanthemum acutipeta- lum, N. £. Brown, 407. oka N. "th, Brown, Mesopotamia, date palm cultiva- tion in Metrosideros lucida, 244, 248, ‘ Micocoulier,’ 230, Microtoena cymos a Miscellaneous notes, 45, 82, 127, ae 228, 265, 304, 376, 421° Mitchell grass, Me Mitragyne specio a, 233. Montserrat Botanie Station, 203. orris, Sir Dani 1, 421, Mucor ' exitiosus, = Mud-binding grasses, 206. Munich ‘ En glish Garden,’ — Muraltia parvifolia, N. Brow usa ventric oga, 147, Museum preparations, 49, Mussaenda erythrophylla, 462. Mycena cuspidata, Massee, Fe N. Naemospora crocea, 269. ets Mes Lemoine’s sery, 404, Natal Botanic Gardens, 92. Nation, W., 46. Nocti theobromae, Massee, seve district of New Zealand, Neuroterus lenticularis, 94, New eee senate 207, Ap- pendix III. ‘New Zealand Flora,’ 92. — — Fungi, 92. — —, Nelson, district of, 441. — — species of Rhodophyllis, ot. — —, Tongariro National Park, 465. --— , Waipoua Kauri Forest reserv e, 465. Newstead R., additions to Wild Fauna and. Flora of Kew, 122. Nishosseg George, 422. 0, Oak spoke, defective, 134, Obituary notices :— Baron, Rev. R., 45. Elliott, W. R., 195. Nation, W 46 ir he, 127. enlandia dolichantha, 47, Olean ciliata, 196, —ramulosa, var. communis, Olokemeji Botanic Station, 200. Opium substitute, ‘ Biak,’ 233. Orchids, new, Oreocharis (Stomactin) aurea, 19, Dunn, Orphium, notes on, 341, Osiers, cultivation of, 416, P. Paeonia Mlokosewitschii, 88, Pandanus Houlletii, 311. Panicum Sat tae haplo- cladum, Stap/, 5 Pappea fclve. Conrath, 221. Bcc Rubber,’ 428. — at Tenom ist — — seeds, experiments with, fake africana, 314. - Parthenium argentatum, 255, Parvatia, 459. 474 Passiflora (Decaloba - Poly- anthea) altebilobata, Hemsl., 17. — (—) Wilsoni, Hemsi., 17. Patchouli, 78. Pavonia commutata, Oonrath, ‘die-back’ of, 220. Peach shoots, 269 Peewee Komarowii, Bonati, 202 _ pteridifolia, Bonati, 252. — sparsiflora, Bonati , 253, Pestalozzia (Monochaetia) Cy- oniae, Hvans et Dowge, 428. Petraeovitex bambusetorum, King et Gamble, 113. — Scortechinii, King et Gamble, Philadelphus madrensis,Hemsl., 201. — purpureo-maculatus, 233. Philippine plants, Cuming’s, localities of, 116. Philodendron Corsinianum, 88. Phyllachora Dawei, Massee, 218. Pilocarpus racem mosus, 310, Plectaneia elastica, 379, thu O. H, Plectran right, 4 Poa litorosa, 237, 240, 249, Pogostemon Cablin, 7 78. — (Paniculata) rain, 254, — (—) Grids Prain, 181. — Heyneanus, 79. —_ (Panieulata) hispidus, Prain, Championii, — nepetoides, Stapf, 116. — Patchouli, var. suavis, 78, Poison-ivy, 455, Polanisia triphylla, 220. Pollinia fulva, 28. Polyadoa, 302. Polystachya Lawrenceana, 378, — liberica, Rolfe, 72, — Smytheana, Rolfe, a1; Conrath, Pond mud. utilization of, 130, Popowia Mannii, 52. Potatoes, hollow. 139. Potentilla concolor, 140. 86. Prageluria, Prague, public parks, 398. Premna De erryana, King et Gamble, 107. — Kunstleri, King et Gamble, — littoralis, King et Gamble, 107. — perakensis, King et Gamble, 107 — Ridleyi, King et Gamble, 109 — sterculiifolia, King et Gam- ble, 108. — —, var. cordata a, 2d3 Pseudocedrela os ay Sprague, 163. — cylindrica, Sprague, 257, Pseudolarix Fortunei, 88. Pterocarpus tinctorius, 192. * Purub,’ 466. Puya violacea 3: Pycnocoma angustifolia, Prain, 439, Pyrus Aria, var, majestica, 196. — sinensis, 462. a Tschonoskii, 140, R, Raffia fibre from Madagascar, 07. Randia angolensis, Hutchinson, 292. Raphia pedunculata, 207. Raphionacme utilis, Brown et Stapf, 209, 215, 305, 462. Rauwolfia oxyphylla, Stapf, 407. ‘Red Rust of Tea,’ 89, Rehmannia angulata, 140. Rhamnus californica, 429, — Purshiana, 429, 475 Rheum globulosum, Gage, 181. , 1D6, tum, Pr ain, 182. Rhizobius menthae, 123. Rhizopus nigrica ns, LEP Rhodochytrium Spilanthidis, 91. Rhododendron intricatum, 47. — kamtschaticum, 378, “Segal var. obtusifolia, — Mariesii, 311. — micranthum, Rhodophyllis aus 98, — angustifrons, 102. — chathamensis, 102. — Laingii, Cotton, 98. — membranacea, 99, —, New Zealand species of, 97. Rhus Toxicodendron, 455. pee vomnoha: Conrath, Ribbon grass, 29. Rio Sao Francisco rubber, 63. Robinia Kelseyi, 427. ee as a pest in Australia, — Bulbocodium, 308. . sericea, var. pteracantha, — a , 196. Bitinga, 209, 305. Ecanda, 209, 305. - ayule, 5. equié Mani oba, 59. Manicoba, ; 6 Rubber-coniaining plants, new, — Exhibition, International, Specimens fr rom, — latex, coagulation of, 466. — plants, Madagascar, 378. _ seeds, experiments with, Rumpenheim Lilac, 82. Ss. St. Kitts-Nevis Botanic Station, ~— Backs Botanic Station, 142. acta, J ie. Sageretia compac Drumm, et Sprague, 15. Dru — gracilis, J. mm, et Sprague, 15. — Henryi, J. Rk. Drumm. et Sprague, 14. Sanchezia rvibracteata, Sarcochilus solomonensis, Rolfe, 72. Saussurea acroura, Cummins, 19. Saxifraga Brunoniana, 196. Schénbrunn Botanic Garden, 400, — Royal Gardens, 399. Scott, Dr. H, portrait of, 133. Sebaea, notes on, 318. — (Pentandria) acuminata, A. W. Hill, 328. — aurea, var. alata, 4. W. Hill, 322. — (Pentandria) compacta, A. W. _ (= conspicua, A. W. Hill, ee (>) erecta, A. W. Hill, _ ey fastigiata, A. W. Hill, —eteandvia glauca, A. W. Hill i S21. — hymenosepala, var. grandi- flora, A. W. Hill, 332. — (Pentandria) imbricata, al, 331. a "(Peniandeia) primulina, A. W. Hill, — (Pentandria) " procumbens, A. W. Hill, ¢ aaa (Pentandria) “rotundifolia, A. W. Hill, 326. clria) Thomasii, Hill, ¢ Seeds available for distribution, Appx. L. 476 Selago McClouniei, fous, 262. — nyikensis, Rolfe, 2 261. Senecio eriopoda, enti, 18. — homogyniphylla, Cummins, 7 Servian timbers in Kew Mu- seums, Shortia etiBors: 47. Sich, A., additions to Wild Fauna and Flora of Kew, 276. Sideroxylon novo-zelandicum, Sigmatostalix Eliae, Rolfe, 416. Simmons, ., additions to Wild Fauna and Flora of Kew Singapore, ‘fang from, 1. Sinningia. regina, 196. Sisal hemp, cultivation in Ger- man Hast Africa, 3 Solomon Islands indigo, 92. South African Locust Fungus, i Southern Islands expedition, , 465. Southern Nigeria Botanic Gar- dens, 200. Spangle-galls eaten by birds, 94. Spartina brasiliensis, 206. Spath, L., nursery at Baum- schulenw weg, 394. Splachnobryum Wrightii, 126. Sporobolus Schweinfurthii, Stapf, 440, Sprawson , Capt. C. A., a new species of ay 383. Spruce, Richar: d, botanical y, © ffs of Botanical Departments, list of, 466, Appx. IV. Stapelia Marlothii, N. E. Brown, Siar grass, 28. Stauntonia, 459, Stauropeis Woodfordii, “ihe 42. Stereulia Alexandri, 137 _- oe Bee Hemsl., candens, Hemsi., 179. Stilboous polaris, 240, 249, Stipularia efulenensis, Hutchin: son, 291. Strachey, Sir R., 127. Reopharia peronata, Massee, 5. ata, Massee, 5. Suosr grass, 28. Sumach, Cape, 173. cs Tachiadenus Mechowianus, As ee Hill, 33ts Telosm Tenom, ote rubber at, 315. w ru ubber tree m, 388. Thielaviopsis cthacetions 310. Thiselton Dyer, Sir W. T., Retire Kew Tillondsia. Blokii, 233. Timber imports at Liverpool, 184, _ Botanic Gardens, Timbers Bhany. African, 193. Troko, 192. Mahogany, African, 189. n,1 Satinwood, 195. ervian, in Kew Museums, 82. Southern Nigerian, 189. Tonkin, Teo-non, a new rubber tree from, 262. Tortola Experiment Station, 204. Tragia (Tagira) Scheffleri, Baker, 439. Trail, Prof, J. W. H., Museum preparations, 49, Transvaal trees and notes on, 145. Trichilia emetica, 163. shrubs, m Triplochiton utile, ' Sprague, 25 Triumfetta cordifolia, 230. U. Uredo satyrii, Wassee, 217. 477 V: Vahyvanda, 378."- Vapgueria setosa, mage 224. Verriéres - le- Buisson, Messrs. Vilmorin’s nursery, 404 Viburnum utile, 88. Vienna Botanic Garden, 398. — parks and gardens, 401 Vilmorin, M. L. de, fruticetum at Les Barr es, 405. —, Messrs., nursery at Verriéres, Vitex. Posteri, C. H. Wright, 437. — Joneisepala, King et Gamble, = peralata, King et Gamble, Volvaria esculenta, Massee, 216. Ww. ugoe tg de subnuda, Con- h, 225. Wallaly grass, 29. Wallace, Dr. A. R., Spruce’s botanical | manuscripts, 464, Warpuria, Stapf, gen. nov., 260. — Shnidierthen Stapf, 261. ato presented to Kew, Weaver bird, nest of, 83. Weener, H. Hesse’ s nursery at, 90. West Africa, French, 208. — Indian Botanic Stations, 201. Wild Fauna and Flora of Kew, 120, 272. Willow farm, a Lancashire, 416. Willughbeia firma, gutta from, 309. Windmill grass, 28. Wonderboom, 165. Wrightia sikkimensis, Gamble, 447, Xx. Xylia Evansii, Hutchinson, 258. ie Yeheb, 36, 47, 141. Z. Zalazianskya maritima,428. Zapupe ~~ ee 34356 ROYAL BOTANIC GARDENS, KEW. BULLETIN or MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION, APPENDIX I.—1908. LIST OF SEEDS OF HARDY HERBACEOUS PLANTS AND OF TREES AND SHRUBS. The following is a select list of seeds of Hardy Herbaceous Plants and of Har BE Trees and Shrubs which, for the most part, have ripened at Kew during the year These seeds are available only for eee with Botanic Gardens, as well as with regular correspondents of Kew. No application, except from remote colonial paieein oe can be entertained after the end of February. HERBACEOUS PLANTS. Acaena macrostemon. Adesmia muricata. icrophyl micro a : : : Novae-Zelandiae, Adonis aestivalis. Achillea Agerater, Aethionema cappadocicum. alpin cordatum,. feinteoph ila grandifiorum. rupestris. pulchelium. serbica, saxatile. Achyrachaena mollis. Agrimonia odorata. repens. Aconitum orientale. uncinatum. Rage ho oe ulparia. june : Wilsoni. tenerum. Actaea spicata. Agrostis alba. — var, rubra. capillaris. elegans. nebulosa. Actinomeris squarrosa. 1375 Wt87 12/07 D&S 29 30429 Ajuga Chamaepitys. Allium acuminatum albo-pilosum. teum. karataviense. margaritaceum. narcissiflorum. orum. pulchellum. Schuberti. subvillosam, uworowi., zebdanense. Alonsoa linearis, Warscewiczii. Alstroemeria aurantiaca., haemantha Althaea armeniaca, . cifolia. kurdiea. pontica. rosea. : sulphurea. taurinensis. Alyssum argenteum. creticum, gemonense. incanum. podolicum. rostratum. Amaranthus caudatus, Dussii. polygamus. retroflexus. speciosus. Ambrosia artemisiaefolia. Amellus annuus. Amethystea caerulea. Ammobium alatum. Ammophila arundinacea. Amphoricarpus Neumayeri. Amsinckia angustifolia. Anacyclus officinarum. Anaphalis cinnamomea. Anarrhinum bellidifolium. Anchusa capensis. hybrida. italica. Androsace lactea. Anemone apennina. baldensis. bl ; pratensis. Pulsatilla. — var. lilacina. rivularis. sylvestris. virginiana, Angelica dahurica. Anoda hastata. Wrightii. Anthericum Liliago. ramosum., Anthoxanthum Puelii. Antirrhinum Asarina. rontium, Apera interrupta. Spica-Venti. Aplopappus croceus. Aquilegia alpina. can, sis. glandulosa, Kitaibeli. Arabis alpina. arenosa, cenisia, pumila, Aralia racemosa, Arctium intermedium. majus. nemorosum, Arenaria aretioides, cephalotes. gypsophiloides, flo pinifolia. ‘Argemone hispida. stenopetala. Aristida adscensionis, Armeria canescens. juncea. de plantaginea. Arnica 8vo uckuck, Paul. Bemerkungen zur marinen Algenvegetation von Helgoland. II, (Komm. wiss Unters. deutsch. Meere, N. F. ii.) Kiel & Leipzig, 1897. 4to. Kom —— Beitriige zur Kenntnis der gg Dery aes 1-9. (Ko wiss. Unters. * duntech: Meere, N. F. ii.iii.) Kiel & avalg: Ato. 1897-99, Kuntze, Carl Eduard Otto. A oats a er ad ’ n vom Wiener Kongress 1905 angenom sa Ragelts etc. San Remo, errs botanischen N anaiaaes 1907, 8vo AUTHOR. 46 Kylin, Harald. Studien iiber die Algenflora der schwedischen Westkiiste. Diss. Upsala, 1907. 8vo AUTHOR and ROYAL Curvun OF UPSALA. Lachénée, Bertrand. See Besnou, L., & B. L. ore hage® Jean Vincent Félix. Dissertations sur plusieurs espéeces de Fucus, peu connues ou nouvelles. Fasc. 1 (all published). Agen, 1805. Ato. Lang, Wilhelm. Zur Bliiten-Entwickelung der Labiaten, Verbenaceen und Plantaginaceen. See Bibliotheca Botanica, Heft 64. 1906. Larter, C. E. Some Crytogams of the botanical districts of Braunton and Sherwill, North Devon = rans. Devon. Assoc Adv. Sci. xxxviii.) [Plymouth] (1908). 8yvo AUTHOR. Lavenir, Paul, & Juan A. Sdnchez. Contribution a l’étude chimique du Chuschu (Nierembergia hippomanica). co Mus. armac. Buenos Aires n. 11). Buenos Aires, 1906. 8vo EXCHANGE. ~olagicaeg Anthony, & John Beale. _—_— hee Lo he able — ns and vineyards enco veral tetlers . st; “di rected to HENRY OLDENBURG. lakes “1677. ae Lecomte, Henri. Flore er de 1’Indo-Chine, publiée sous la direction de H. L. i. fas Cd, . par FINST et GAGNEPAIN. Paris, 1907. 0. PUBLISHERS. Leeke, Paul. Untersuchungen iiber ane und Heimat der Negerhirse [Pennisetum americanum (L.) K. Schum.]. (Zeitschr, f. Naturwiss. lxxix.) Stuttgart, 1907. Oe see UT " Legré, Ludovic. Notice sur le botaniste a JEAN SAURIN de Colmars (1647-1724). Paris, 1899. 8vo —— Un botaniste famand du xvie siécle; VALERAND DOUREZ. Lille, 1900. 8vo —— La Botanique en Provence au xviiie siécle: PIERRE FORSKAL et le Florula estaciensis. Marseille, 1900. 8vo. — La Bot tanique en Provence au Xviiie siécle: le Frére GABRIEL capucin. Marseille, 1901. 8vo —— Lrindigénat en Provence du Styrax — PIERRE PENA. et FABRI de PEIRESC. Marseille, 1901, 8vo 47 Lehmann, Ernst. Wanderung und Verbreitung von Veronic Tournefortii Gm. (Abhandl. Naturwiss. Ges. Isis, 1906, Heft 2.) (Dresden, 1906.) 8vo. AUTHOR. Lemmermann, Ernst. See Kryptogamenflora der Mark Branden- burg. Algen Lendner, Alfred. Répartition des planies ligneuses croissant spontanément dans le Canton de Genéve. See Switzerland. pe reillé, Augustin Abel Hector. Deux familles de plantes en Chin (Mém . Soc. Sci. Cherb. xxxv.) (Cherbourg, pre 8vo. HOR, —— Les Gesnéracées de la Chine. (Comp. Rend. Assoc. franc. Ay. Se Sci. 1905.) Paris, (1906). 8vo. AUTHOR. —— Los Ficus de China. (Mem. R. Acad. Barcelona, vi.) eesloua, 1907. 4to. AUTHOR. —— LINNEO en Espafia. Homenaje 4 LINNEO en su segundo centenario, 1707-1907. (Bol. Soc. Aragon. Cienc. Nat. vi.) Zaragoza, 1907. 8vo. AUTHOR. —— Les “ Rhododendrons” de — (Bull. Soc. Agric. vo Sarthe, xxxix.) [Le Mans, 1907 ?] AUTHOR U : Lewis, Agnes G. JOHN RaLFs, an old Cornish Botanist. Torquay, 1907. S8vo Sir W. T. THISELTON-DYER. Liégard, Auguste. Flore de Bretagne. Paris, 1879. 8vo. Lindau, Gustav. See Sorauer, P. Lindfors, Axel Otto. LiNNt’s Dietetik. See Linné,C. von. 1907. Lindman, C.A.M. C. von LINNE sisom Botanist. See Linné, C. von. 1907. Carl von. Dissertatio medica . « de Febrium Linné, intermitte hose Ato ntium causa. So aemee AN SOCIETY, LONDON. a U Oratio qua peregrinationum intra Bader = neces- as. saliae, ] Title-page in facsimile Re ee vee EAN SOCIETY, LONDON. 30945 D 48 Linné, Carl von. Shp eruditi Judicium de C. LINNAEI scriptis. [s.a. 1741 £1. im LINNEAN Soctety, LONDON. — ate of engraved designs intended for insertion in the Linnean Herbarium.] fol. LINNEAN SOCIETY, LONDON. —— Systema nature, etc. Lugduni Batavorum, 1735. Regia Aeterna. Sanaa um Svecica biseculari natali auctoris denuo edidit. Holmiz, 1907. ol. ROYAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES, STOCKHOLM. —— Skrifter af CarL bbe — utgivna af Kungl. Svenska i Gtcikiapiakadetuie en. Upsala, 1905-07. 3 vols. 8vo. i. Flora eg (1737) 6fversatt till Svenska spraket af TH. M. FRIES. Uppsala, 1905. ‘ii. Valda smirre Skrifter af allmant naturveten- elit innehall dels = econ forfattade pi Svenska spraket dels Sfversatta af ndgra h 8 larjungar och TH. M. . Upsala, 6. iii, Classes plantarum (1738). Uppsala, 1907. YAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES, STOCKHOLM. BR 4ee eS rig 1. ee —— CARL von LINNES Betydelse sé ikare. (1, sasém Likare och medicinsk Férfattare, af O. E. A. HJELT ; 2, isan 2 Zoolog, af E. LONNBERG och Chr. AURIVILLIUS; 3, sisom Botanist, af C.A. M. LINDMAN; 4,sisom Geolog, af A.G. NATHORST ; 3, 84som Mineralog, af HJ. SJOGREN. ) Skildringar utgivna af Kungl. Svenska oo Uppsala, 1907. 8vo. YAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES, STOCKHOLM. —— Bref och preheiee af och till C. von LINNE. eine af Upsala Universitet. Férsta afdelningen. Del. 1. Utgifna och is upplysande noter teantite af Th. M. Fries. Stockholm, 1907. ROYAL UNIVERSITY, UPSALA. —— LINNEs Dietetik pa grundvalen af dels hans eget origina- lutkast till férelisningar : Lachesis capmtue que tradit distam naturalem, och .. . a llegium dizteticu vanad och © utgifven A. O. LINDFORS. (Invitation 3 A la promotion des Docteurs en Médecine a Doak Rea Uppsala, 1907. ROYAL UNIVERSITY, UPSALA. —— LInvE#s Vorlesungen gon die Cultur der Pflanzen, utgifven af M. B. SWEDERUS. (Univ. Roy. d’Upsala. Invitation aux fétes du bicente de LINNE.) U a, 1907. 8vo eo ) trees UNIVERSITY, UPSALA. — Linni-Feier. See Berlin. Ges. naturforsch. Freunde. 1907. §3. — Hot leven van LINNAEUS. See Buekers, P. G. % 80945 D2 49 eae Carl von. Salices i LINNES Herbarium. See Enander, 8. J. if —— Sein Leben, ete. See Harms, H. 1907. —— Bibliographia Linnaeana, See Hulth, J. M. —— A manuscript list of the Linnean Herbarium. See Jackson, B.D. 1907. —— LINNEO en Espafio. See Léveillé, A.A. H. 1907. —— Rede ter herdenking van zijn 200“ Geboortedag. See Lotsy, J. P — Memorials of LINNAEUS. See London. British Museum (Natural History). Special Guides n. 3. — A catalogue of the works of LINNAEUS. See London. British Museum, 1907. —— LInni and the love for Nature. See Putnam, E. K. 1907. —— LINN# och vixtodlingen. See Swederus, M.B. 1907. —— Linnéportratt. See Tullberg, T. mn aril Vladimir J. Botanicheskie Sadui Madrida, Lissbona K’yu [i.e., The Botanical Gardens of Madrid, Lisbon, and Kew. 1.) 8. Peterburg, 1906. 8vo. (Acta Horti Petrop. xxvi. Suppl.) of UTHOR. Lisbon. Botanic Garden. See Lipsky, V. L. ivi lants to Livingston, Burton Edward. The Pena oe i. P soil moistur @ and to evaporation. (Carnegi Washington, 0. Publ. 50.) Woashftietent D.C., 1906. Lloyd, Curtis Gates. The Nidulariaceae or “Bird’s-Nest Fungi.” Cincinnati, 1906. 8vo. AUTHOR. —- The Phalloids of Australasia. Cincinnati, gee ol Loefgren, Alberto. Contribuigdes para 4 Algologia Paalista. Familia Oedogoniaceae. See Sao Paulo. § Lohauss, Karl, Der anatomische Bau oe Ee der Festucaceen, etc, See Bibliotheca Botanica, He: 50 Lojacono-Pojero, Michele. Flora sicula, etc. ii. pars 1. Palermo, 902. 4to.—ii. pars 2. Ib., 1907. 4to. London Botanic Gardens. See Perrédés, P. E. F. London. British Museum. A catalogue of the works of LINNAEUS (and publications more immediately relating thereto) gehen in the libraries of the British Museum. London, 1907. TRUSTEES, BRITISH MUSEUM. —— British Museum (Natural History). List of British Seed- ae and Ferns exhibited in the Department of Botany. London, 7. 8vo TRUSTEES, BRITISH MUSEUM. Paes Guides n. 3. Memorials of LINNZUS. 8vo —— § London, 1907. TRUSTEES, BRITISH MUSEUM. —— Royal Botanic Society’s Gardens, Regents Park. See Perrédas, P. E. F. London Botanic Gardens. Lénnberg, Einar, & Chr. Aurivillius. C. von LINNE #4som Zoolog. See Linné, 0. von. 1907. Sek John P. ad nai Rei Botanicae . redigiert von P.L. Jena, 1907. 8vo — CAROLUS LINNAEUS Rede ter herdenking van zijn jn 200 ster Geboortedag. Haarlem, 1907. 8vo. DIRECTOR, KOLONIAAL Museum, HAARLEM, —— Vortrige iiber botanische Stammesgeschichte gehalten an der Reichsuniversitit zu Leiden. Ein Le hrbuch der Pflanzen- systematik. Bd.i. Jena, 1907. 8vo. Loudon, John Claudius. OS oe the ~ saps — management of useful and ornamental plantations . - oo age and embanking land from rivers or the sea. Edinburgh, 8vo n Horto Botanico Lova- uae i in. Klenchus plantarum q scentibus. Lovanii, Louvai niensi coluntur adjectis speciebus sponte cre 8vo udwig, Friedrich. Lehrbuch der niederen Kryptogamen, &c. 8vo Lud Stuttgart, 1892. Lutz, Annie M. Sce Davenport, C. B. 51 _ Lyell, K.M. A geographical handbook of all the known Ferns, with tables to show their distribution. London, 1870. 8vo. MacDougal, Daniel Trembly. The nature and work of Plants. New York and London, 1900. 8vo —— Discontinuous variation in pedigree-cultures. (Popular Science Monthly, Sept. 1906.) [New York] (1906). &vo. AUTHOR. Report on the Department of Botanical Research [of the Carnegie fastitation of Washington]. (5th Year Book Carnegie Inst. Wash.) Washington, D. C., 1907. 8vo. AUTHOR. —— See De Vries, H. 1906. Madrid. Botanic Garden. See Lipsky, V. L. ager, Hans. Beitrige zur Anatomie der ig pig} Scheiden der Pteridophyten. See Bibliotheca Botanica, Heft 66. 1907. Mainini, Carlos. La Vallesia glabra vulgarmente llamada Ancoche : estudio botanico, quimico y " farmacodinamico de su alcaldide la Vallesina. ‘Tesis. (Trab. Mus. Farmac Buenos Aires, n. 9). La Plata, 1904. 8vo. EXCHANGE, Malinvaud, Ernst. See Gillot, X. Mann, Harold H. See Indian Tea Association. Marseilles. Exposition coloniale de Marseille, 1906. Les res- sed Sh este et forestiéres des Colonies frangaises. See Jumel Martinet, Gustave. Expériences sur la sélection des céréales. Considérations générales et principes de sélection. (Annua aire Agric. Suisse, 1907). [Lausanne ?] (1907). 8vo. oo h Ost Martens, Georg von. Die Preussische Expedition nac Asien. Botanische Theil. Die Tange. Berlin, _ la. 8vo. Megenberg, Conrad von. Buch der natur. See iene, C. von. Menezes, Carlos Azevedo de. As Gramineas do Archipelago da eira. Funchal, 1906. 8yo. itn. 52 oa Arthur. Untersuchungen iiber die Starkekérner. Jena, 1895 Michael [née Abbott], Beles oeette De Silver Abbott. Studies in Plant and Organic Chemistry, and literary papers. With oe cl Sketch (by N. H. "DObaS Cambridge, Mass., 1907. F. R. ABBOTT. _ Michie, Christopher Young. The Larch. A practical treatise on bur; culture and general management. New ed. Edinburgh & ae 1885. 8vo. Michot, N. L., Abbé. Flore du Hainaut. Mons, 1845. 8vo. Miechowski, Alexander. Ueber die Systeme der Festigung in der Bliite. Diss. (Mitteil. Bot. Mus. Univ. Ziirich, xxix.) H, SCHINZ. illustrativo della —_— Eritrea, compilato da I. BALDRATI ait ¢ 19 —— I semi oleosi_e glioli ica a] F. Suzz1. I. BALDRATI. Miller, Philip. The Gardeners and Florists Dictionary, or a complete system of Horticulture. London, 1724. 2 vols. 8vo. talogus plantarum officinalium quae in Horto Botanico 8vo —- Cata Chelseyano aluntur. Londini, 1730. G. HOADE. —— The ——— Dictionary . . . abridg’d. London, 1735, 2 vols. 8vo TRUSTEES, BRITISH MUSEUM. —— The Gardeners Dictionary . . - abridged. Hd. 2. London, 1741. 3 vols. 8vo. —— The Gardeners Dictionary, in two tense ge Vol. i. pe S corrected. London, 1743. fol. The ond volume o ; e Gardeners Dictionary, which completes the work. Ed. 2. London, 40. fol. —— The Gardeners Kalendar. Ed. 9. London, 1751. 8vo. Mitchell, —— i brevis de principiis botanicorum “ Zoologoru um appendice aliquot generum plantaru “Seam conditoruim ‘“ in in Virginie observatorum. Necunbergha, 9. Ato : 53 Moebius, Martin. Der Stammbaum des Pflanzenreichs, (Natur- wiss. Wochenschr. N. F., vi.) [Berlin, 1907.] la. 8vo. AUTHOR, Moesz, Gusztav. Adatok az Aldrovanda vesiculosa L. ismer- etéhez, [Title also in German, with a summary.] (Ann. Mus. 8vo. Nat. Hungar. v.) [Budapest] (1907). AUTHOR. Moll, Jan Wilhelm, & H. H. Janssonius. agg a sa ete Holzes der auf Java vorkommenden Baumarten . i Leitung von J. J. fe bearbeitet von i. H. Jamssouoe a Leiden, 1906. Di Se wchNt VAN LANDBOUW IN NEDERLANDSCH INDIE. Monardes, Nicolas. De Rosa et partibuseius. De succi Rosarum temperatura, nec non de Rosis persicis, quas Alexandrinas vocant, libellus. Excudebat Hispali Dominicus de Robertis. [s.a.] 8m, dSvo CANON ELLACOMBE. Monro, C.F. H. Grasses in Rhodesia (with Appendixes A-D). G (Proc. Rhodesia Scientif. Assoc. vi.) Bulawayo, 1906. 8vo. AUTHOR. Mountmorres, William G. B. de Montmorency, Viscount. See Liverpool. § 3. Mueller, Hugo. The occurrence of Quercitol (Quercite) in the leaves of Chamaerops hum i pil (Cocosite), a con- stituent of the leaves of Cocos nucifera and C. plumosa. gee osital (Inosite), (Trans, Chem. Soc. xci.) London] (1907). § Mullens, W. H. GILBERT WHITE of Selborne. (A lecture trace before the Hastings and St. Leonard's Nat. Hist. Soc.). 8vo. London, 1907. CE ce Munich. Botanic Garden. See Kolb, M. 1867. Murbeck, Svante. Beitrige zur Kenntniss der Flora bee Siid- oe und der Hercegovina. (Lunds Univ. Arsskr. XXVii.) ee AB AUTHOR. —— Contributions 4 la connaissance de la flore Cs uate: de l’Afrique et plus spécialement de la Tunisie. I-I A a Soc. Physiogr. Lund, viii-xi.) , Lu nd, 1897-1900. Ba. 0. Ane Deuxiéme série. (Lunds Univ. Arsskr. N. F. Afd. 2, a Lund, 1905. 4to. ‘A Reg. Soe, Physiogr. Lund, xvi-xvii.) UTHOR, "54 rei Svante., Die Vesicarius-Gruppe der Gattung Rumez. (Lun Univ. Arsskr. N, Fo Ald; 2 Ba 4 ma Bae. Physiogr. Lund, xvii.) Lund, 1907. 4to AUTHOR. Murray, George Robert Milne. Plant Diseases and Bacteria. (Natural Science, iv.) (London, eine 8vo. RUSTEES, BRITISH MUSEUM. Myers, William 8. See Harris, J . & W.S8. M. Nathorst, Alfred Gabriel. C. von LINNE sisom Geolog. See Linné, C. von. 1907. Naumann, Arno. Die Pilzkrankheiten giartnerischer — wiichse und ihre Bekémpfung. 1. Dresden, (1907). 8vo “pong ergarg Plantennamen. See Amsterdam. Neder. Natu- urhist. Ver. § 3. Nestel, Adolf. Beitriige zur Kenntnis der Stengel- & Blatt- anatomie der Umbelliferen. Diss. (Mitteil. Bot. Mus. Univ. Ziirich, 8vo. xxiv.) Tiibingen, 1905. H. Sourw OHINZ. New Zealand. Agriculture in New Zealand. Wellington, 1906. 8vo. A tages William. Lichenes Fuegiae et Patagoniae. Paris, 8. 8vo. TRUSTEES, BRITISH MUSEUM, —— Lichenes Japoniae, accedunt observationibus Lichenes Insulae Labuan. Parisiis, 1890. 8vo TRUSTEES, BRITISH MUSEUM. henes i aeonie orientalium observatis novis. 8vo eialig Th TRUSTEES, BRITISH MUSEUM. —— Les Lichens des environs de Paris. Paris, 1896. 8vo. —— Supplément. Ib., 1897. 8vo. upplément. Ib., TRUSTEES, BRITISH MUSEUM. O’Brien, Charlotte, & C. Parkinson. Wild flowers of the Under- cliff, Isle of Wight. London, 1881. 8vo Ohlert, Arnold. Zusammenstellung der Lichenen der Provinz onan (Schrift. Phys.-Okonom. Ges. Kénigsb, xi.) Konigsberg, (1870). Ato TRUSTEES, BRITISH MUSEUM. Oldenburg, Henry. See Lawrence, A., & J, Beale, 55 Oldham. Oldham Incor : porated Chamber of Commerce. In- Eee growth of Cotton. Letters, etc., from Revenue Tenneencal ombay. Manchester, 1903. 8vo. SECRETARY, BRITISH COTTON GROWING ASSOCIATION. Palacky, Johann. Catal ; : ogus plantarum m d jensi Fase. I [-V.] Pragae, 1906-07. 8vo. si ce aN AUTHOR. “tees — Arboretum national des Barres. Enumération des ade x ligneux indigénes et exotiques qui y sont cultives. xte & Atlas. 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Nat. Toulouse, Villefranche (Al ‘ti pes Maritimes). (Bull. © 1888.) Toulouse, 1888. 8vo. TRUSTEES, BRITISH MUSEUM. Monographie da genre Pleurosigma et des genres alliés. (Le Diatomiste, 1890-91.) Paris, (1893). Ato. TRUSTEES, BRITISH MUSEUM. 30945 % 56 : Percival, John. Agricultural Botany. Ed. 2. London, 1902. vo. Perkins, Janet R. Styracaceae. See Engler, A. Pflanzenreich. Perrédés, Pierre Elie Félix. The botanical characters of some Californian A of Grindelia. (Contrib. Wellcome Res. Lab.) London, [1907 ?] 8vo Dinzoror, WELLCOME RESEARCH LABORATORIES. —— London Botanic Gardens. (Wellcome Chem. Res. Lab. [Paper] n. 62, originally published in Amer. Journ, Pharm., 1905-06). London, [1907]. 8vo. AUTHOR. Perrot, Emile. See Chevalier, A. 1907. erry, 8. Herbert. Fairy Rings. (Peterborough Advertiser, May 5, 1906). (Peterborough, 1906). 4to . G. E. MASSER. Petitmengin, Marcel Goorges Charles. Sur quelques Primeveres Androsaces chinoises. (Bull. Soc. Sci. Nancy.) (Nancy), [1907 ?] 8vo AUTHOR. Pfeffer, Wilhelm. Physiologische Untersuchungen. 1. Unter- suchungen iiber Reizbarkeit der Pflanzen. 2. Untersuchungen iiber Oeffnen und Schliessen der Bliithen. Leipzig, 1873. 8vo0. —— Die periodischen Bewegungen der Blattorgane. Leipzig; 1875, 8vo. Pfitzer, Ernst. Ueber die verschiedenen er rd cpg Krifte zur Gestaltung der Pflanze. ees Rede 22 November, 1889.) — a EW. T. "THISELTON-DYER. — Orchidaceae-Pleonandrae. See Engler, A. Pflanzenreich. Pfitzer, Ernst, & Franz Wilhelm Ludwig Kraenzlin. Orchi- daceae-Monandrae-Coelogyninae. See Engler, A. Pflanzenreich. ] Phelps, William. Calendarium botanicum, or a botanica esse i exhibiting, at one view, the generic and aren names of all the British Plants, &c. London, 1810. 8vo Philadelphia. Horticultan A LT oe Park, Catalogue of del a), ime Eyes Opec a os OF FAIRMOUNT PARK. 30945 ee 57 Philippine Islands. Atlas de Filipinas. See Atlases. Picturesque (The) Pocket patent nc to Richmond and its vicinity, Hampton Court, &c. The illustratio - « . byG. W. BonnER. London [between 1830 & 1837]. ina: Pieresc, Nicolas Claude Fabry de. See Legré, L. 1901. Pilzmerkblatt. Die wichtigsten essbaren und somes fog Bearbeitet im Kaiserlichen Gesundheitsamte. Sere in, 1906. 7 ee O. Plantarum indigenarum et exoticarum icones ad vivum coloratae, oder Sammlung nach der Natur gemalter Abbildungen inn- und auslindischer Pflanzen, &c. Herausg: von einer Gesellschatt Krauterkenner. 1" [—2'* Jahrgang]. Wien & Leipzig, 1788-89. 2 vols. (in 1). 8vo. Plants (The) of the Bible. Prepared by the American Colony, sm. 8vo. (Jerusalem). Jerusalem, Palestine (1907). . E. DINSMORE. Porter, Thomas Conrad. Flora of —— Edited . . by J. K. SMa. Boston, 1903. 8vo Portici. La R. Scuola Superiore di Agricoltura in ir nel passato e ‘nel presente, 1872-1906. (Portici, ater? a eee Poulton, Edward Bagnall. WILLIAM an Bal BURCHELL. (Rep. 1907 Brit. & S. Afric. Assoc. pou London, Avruor. f Power, Frederick B., & Frank Tutin. Chemical examination 7 Eriodictyon. (Contrib, Wellcome Res. Lab.) London, [1907 ?] 8vo DIRECTOR, WELLCOME RESEARCH LABORATORIES. Prain, David. See Drummond, J. R., & D. P. The Flowering Plants of Wilts, with Preston, Thomas Arthur. hy and Climate of the country. sketches of the Physical Geograp [Devizes], 1888. 8vo. - d auslind- Probst, Johann Ernst. Verzeichniss derer inn- un ischen Biume, Stauden und Sommer-Gewachse cae Ass = i arte wie solche sich im Jahr 184 un Leipzig, 14 8vo. Putnam, Edward K. Linn and ie 208 Nature. (Popul. Sci. Monthly, Ixxi.) [New York], (19 : aha 58 Ralfs, John. Biography. See Lewis, A. G. Ramondt, A. Slingervoet. See Haarlem. Koloniaal Museum. Ramos, Auguste. A industria cafeeira na America hespanhola.- Relatorio apresentado ao Sr. Secretario da Agricultura (Sao Paulo). Sao Paulo, 1907. 8vo. EXCHANGE. Reess, Maximilian. Lehrbuch der Botanik, Stuttgart, 1896. 8vo. Reh, L. See Sorauer, P. Reiche, Carlos. Grundziige der ne eee ee in Chile. See Engler, A.. & 0. Drude. Die Vegetation der Erde, vii Reid, Clement, & Eleanor M. Reid. The Fossil Flora of Oe sur-Meuse, near Venloo, in the Province of Limburg. (Verhand. K. Akad. Wetensch. Amsterdam, Sect. 2. xiii). Amsterdam, 1907. 8vo AUTHORS. Reinke, Johannes. Algenflora der westlichen Ostsee deutschen Antheils. (Sechster Ber. Komm. wiss. Unters. deutsch. Meere.) Berlin, 1889. Reiss, W., & A. Stuebel. Alturas tomadas en la y shea de Colombia en los afios de 1868 y 1869. Quito, 1872. 8vo Richard, 0. J. Catalogue des Lichens des Deux-Sévres. (Mém. a s, 1877.) Niort, 1877. 8vo. Soc. Statist. Sci. et Arts Deux ein os pRInisit cee Ridley, Henry Nicholas. Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Peninsula. Part I [-III.] Singapore, 1907. 8vo.. ele ual report on Ridley, Henry Nicholas, & Robert Derry. First ann eperimental wpplte of Para Rubber at the Economic Gardens, Singapore, for the year 1904. Singapore, 1905. WN . RIDLEY. irthschaftlicher Kultur- Rimpau, W. Kreuzungsprodukte landw ehanien * (Landwirthschafil. Jahrb. 1891.) Berlin, 1891. 8vo. Robinson, Charles Budd. Contributions to 1907) Br0- suis Scotia. 1. (Bull. Pictou Acad. i.) (P ictou, 1 AUTHOR. | 59 Seariga, 2 it Barbosa. Contributions du jardin botanique de ee Jane 3. Rio de Janeiro, 1902. 4to—4. Ib., 1907. AUTHOR. Rogers, J. D. Australasia. See Lucas, C. P. A _ historical geography of the British Colonies, vol. vi. Rubber. Reports on Rubber in the Gold Coast and Sierra Leone.—Report on Rubber in the Gold Coasi, by W. H. JoHNson, With a historical note by Sir W. T. THISELTON-DYER.—Report on Rubber in Sierra Leone, by C. W. SMyTHE. (Colonial Reports. Misc. n. 28.) London, i904. 8 Rubber. Rubber in the East. See Willis, J. C., & Others. Rumpf, Georg. Rhizodermis, Hypodermis und Endodermis der Farnwurzel. See Bibliotheca Botanica, Heft 62. 1904. Rutter, John, & Daniel Carter. Modern Eden; or the Gardener’s Universal Guide, etc. London, 1769. 8vo Salmon, Ernest Stanley. Spread of the American Gooseberry Mildew in England. (The Fruit Grower, June 27 and July 11, 8vo0. a 1907.) dieuidion: 1907.) : : UTHOR. American Gooseberry Mildew. (South-Eastern Agric. 8vo —— The Coll. Leaflet. London), [1907 Se J. AUTHOR. Sanchez, Juan A. See Lavenir, P., & J. A. 8. Sao Paulo. The State of Sao Paulo, er Statistics and v general information, 1903. Sao Paulo. 1904 EXCHANGE. wak. Sarawak Museum. Report, 1905, by J. HEWITT. saaeee 1906.] 8vo ene ley, Massa- Sargent, Charles Sprague. The Pinetum at Welles : chants (Extracte r from the a Letters and Diary of H. H. Hunnewell.) [Boston ?} (i). ee AUTHOR. Saurin, Jean. See Legré, L. 1899. Schedae ey quod inscribitur Plantae Finiandiae Exsiccatae. See Helsingfors 60 Schilling, Samuel. S. ScHILLING’s Grundriss der Naturge- i - . Bd. ii. Das Pflanzenreich. Ed. 5. Breslau, 1852. 8vo. T. A. SPRAGUE, Schinz, Hans. Mitteilungen aus dem Botanischen Museum der Universitit Ziirich. Herausg. von H. 8. v.-x., xiii—xxxiy. (Chiefly reprinted from Bull. Herb. Boiss., Viertelj. Naturf. Ges. Ziirich, a si & Beih. zum Bot. Centralbl.) gibt a —— Die Pflanzenweli Deutsch-Siidwest-Afrikas, etc, iii, (Mem. Herb. Boiss. n. 1; Mitteil. Bot. Mus. Univ. Ziirich, x.) Genéve and Bale, 1900. 8vo. AUTHOR. —— Beitrage zur Kenntnis der afrikanischen Flora. Herausg. H. eue Folge. vi—x. (Bull. Herb. Boiss. v.—vii.) Senivs 1897-99. 8vo. —— xi—xil. (Bull. Herb. Boiss, vii. & Mém. Herb. Boiss. n. 10 & 20). re 1899-1900. 8vo. —— xiii-xvi. (Bull. Herb. Boiss. 2, i-iv.) , 1901-04. 8vo. XVii.—xviii. Gitiets Naturf. Ges. Ziirich, ue & li.) (Ziirich, 1904-06.) 8vo. [Beitriige v.-xviii. were iss ssued as Mitteilungen aus dem Botuninabes Museum der Universitit Ziirich. | EDITOR. SPL abe oe zur Kenntnis der Schweizerflora. Herausg. von H. -vii. (Reprinted from Bull. Herb. Boiss. 2, ii—vii. and Viertlj ‘Natart f. Ges. Ziirich, xlix. & li. They were also issued as Mitteilungen aus dem Botanischen Museum der Universitit, tirich, xviii, xxii, xxvi, xxxii-xxxiv.)° Genéve & Ziirich, 1903-07, 0. EDITOR. | Die Myxomyceten oder Schleimpilze der Schweiz. (Mitteil. Naturwiss. Ges. Winterthur, Heft vi.; Mitteil. Bot. Mus. Univ. Ziirich, xxxi.) Winterthur, 1906. 8vo. AUTHOR. — Hans, & Robert Keller. Flora der Schweiz, etc. Zweite : fla ll. Teil. Kritische Flora. ae 1 a . Schlich, William. ScHLIcH’s Manual ae Forestry. iv. Forest _ Ea. 2. Protection, by W. R. F (OES SEORNTARY OF STATE FOR INDIA. Schousboe, Peter Kofod Anker. Les Algues de P. K. A.S. See Bornet, BE. 1892. See Switzerland. Erhebungen iiber die Ver- Schroeter, Carl. Holzarten in der Schweiz. breitung der wildwachsenden * 61 Schulz, 0. EH. Erythroxylaceae. See Engler, A. Pfanzenreich. _ Schulze, Johann Ernst Ferdinand. Toxicologia veterum, plantas venenatas exhibens, etc. Hallae, 1788. 4to. Serguéeff, Marguerite. (ontribution 4 la morphologie et la biologie des Aponogétonacées, Thése. (Univ. Genéve. Inst. Bot. i, fase. viii.) Genéve, 1907. 8vo. R. CHODAT. Shull, George H. See Davenport, C. B, Sim, Thomas R. The Forests and Forest ee of the Colony of “- the Cape of Good Hope. Aberdeen, 190 AUTHOR. Simon-Louis Fréres & Cie. Catalogue des Arbres, eee & d’Arbrisseaux, etc., 1869-1904, Metz, 1869-1904. 8vo Sjogren, Hj. C. von LINNE sisom Mineralog. See Linné, C. von. 1907. Skottsberg, Carl, Zur Kenntnis der subantarktischen und antarktischen Meeresalgen. I, Phaeophyceen. Diss. (Wissensch. Ergebn. Schwedisch. Siidpolar-Exped. 1901-03. Bd. iv. 6.) Stock- 8vo. holm, 1907, ROYAL UNIVERSITY, UPSALA. Small, John Kunkel. See Porter, T. C. Smith, Christopher Parker. The Moss Flora of Sussex, ete. Brighton, 1870. 8vyo. Smith, Erwin F. Bacteria in relation to Plant Diseases. i. (Carnegie Inst. Washington, Publ, 27.) Washington, 1905, 4to. Smith, Gerard. See Howe, W. E. John, of Monk The Botany of Ayrshire (by Smith, kredding. parishes), from original investigation, Ardrossan, (1896). 8vo. Smith, John Donnell. Enumeratio gy guatemalensium, ete. Pars 6 [—8]. Oquawke, 1903-07. 8vo. ioe Smith, Ralph E, See Stone, G. E., & B. B.S. Smythe, C,W, Report on Rubber in Sierra Leone. See Rubber. 1904, 62 Solereder, tol Bemerkenswerte anatomische Vorkommunisse bei einigen Dro 1. Die inneren haarartigen Sekretdriisen des Patschuliblattes. kre d. Pharm. cexly.) Berlin, matt Eye HOR. Solier, Antoine Joseph Jean. See Derbés, A., & A.J. J. 8. Songeon, André. Recherches sur le mode de développement des organes i Si i de diverses plantes de la Savoie. Chambéry, 1907. 8vo AUTHOR. Sorauer, him Handbuch der Pflanzenkrankheiten. yey u in Gemeinschaft mit G. LINDAU und L. Lief, 1-14. Berlin, 1905-07 8vo. Spicer, A. Dykes. The Paper Trade. 8vo. bewerkt door H. HEUKELS. [Amsterdam] 1907. NEDERLANDSOHE NATUURHIST. Vunnurictho. 69 Annals of Botany. Index to vols. xi-xx. (1897-1906), by T. G. Hiuyu. London, 1907. 8vo. Annals of Horticulture in North America for the year 1890, By L. H. BAILEY. New York, 1891. 8vo. Baltimore. John Hopkins University. Circular, 1907, n. 3. Baltimore, 1907. 8vo. D. 8. JOHNSON. Barbados. Imperial Department of Agriculture for the West Indies. Lectures to Sugar Planters. London & Barbados, 1906. vo. EXCHANGE. Berlin. Gesellschaft naturforschender Freunde. Sitzungs- bericht vom 13. Mai 1907. LinN#-Feier. Berlin, 1907. 8vo. i WITTMACK. Betula. Devoted to Trees and Shrubs. Published by W. H. BLANCHARD. i.n.1. (All published). Westminster, Vermont, U.S.A., 1904. 8vo. C. 8S. SARGENT. ogotdé. Ministerio de Obras Publicas y Fomento. Revista, i. n.1l. Bogotd, 1906+ 8vo. EDITOR. Buenos Aires. Universidad nacional. Facultad de soe Médicas. Museo de Farmacologia. Trabajos, n. 1, 3-7, 9-1 Buenos Aires, 1903-07> 8vo. EXCHANGE. — Catdlogo metédico de la Biblioteca. . . desde 1863 h: hasta sta 1904. Buenos Aires, 1904. Svo.—Primer Suplemento. Ib., 1904. 8ve.—Segundo Suplemento. tb. 1905. 8vo. : EXCHANGE. Cairo. ig phe Agricultural Society. Yearbook, 1906. Cairo, 1907 > SECRETARY GENERAL. Cambrid Cambridge University Department of Agricu Guide to sper conducted at pe ote s (University) mee Impington, etc., 1907. Cambridge, De uaoteon: East Africa Quarter including the Proceedings of the East hice Oy aclearils and Siew Society and the East Africa Turf Club, i-iv, Nairob we ag ee 70 Fern Bulletin. See Linnzan Fern Bulletin. Florence. Societa resvex Italiana. Flora Italica Cryptogama. Pars 1. Fungi. Vol. Fase. 1. ges bibliografico segr$ Micologia Italiana ecrighinis da G. B. TRAVERSO. Rocca 8. Casciano, . 8vo ol. ii. Fasc. 1. Pyiakoaryeias. auctore J. B. Traverso. Ib., 1906. 8vo. Florida. Florida gato cia Experiment Station. Bulletin n. 58. See Hume, H. §1. of —. Se geicre Museum. Records, i-ii. Grahamstown, 1903-06 > S. SCHOENLAND. India. Department of Agriculture. Memoirs. Chemical series i.n. 1-5. (Pusa, 1906-07)> 8vo. —— —— —— Entomological series, i.n.1-5. (Pusa, 1906-07)> 0. DIRECTOR, AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE, PUSA. Jaarboek van het Departement van Landbouw in Nederlandsch Indié. See Nederlandsch Indié. Java. Proefstations voor Suikerriet in West- en Oost-Java. Fabricage op Java. Eerste deel. Methoden van onderzoek der bij de Java Rietsuiker-Industrie voorkomende ery: etc., door H. A. P. M. TERVOOREN. Amsterdam, 1904. 8vo Tweede deel. De dierlijke vijanden van het Suikerriet en “hunne parasieten, door W. van DEVENTER. Ib., 1906. 8vo. DIRECTOR, — Vereenigde Proefstations voor de Java-Suikerindustrie. 8vo. Mededeelingen, n.1. Soerabaia, 1907> DIRECTOR. Khedivial Agricultural Society. See Cairo. Linnéska Institutets Skrifter. See Upsala. - Lisbon, Société Portugaise des Sciences Naturelles. Bulletin. i. fase. 1 [-2]. Lisbonne, 1907> 8v SECRETARIES. Liverpool, Liv 1 University. Institute of Commercial Research in the Tropics. Maize, Cocoa and Rubber: hints on their production in West’ ss by Viscount MOUNTMORRES. Liverpool & London, 1907. o. —— The commercial possi- bilities of West Africa, by Fisbount t MOUNTMORRES. Ib., 1907. vO, VISCOUNT MOUNTMORRES, 71 London. Royal Geographical Society. Geographical Journal. eee index to the first twenty volumes, 1893-1902. London, —— Royal Horticultural Society. Report on the Third Inter- national erento 1906, on Genetics, etc., edited by W. WILKS. London, (1907.) 8vo. ROYAL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. —— (Royal) Microscopical Society. Transactions, new serie -xvi. London, 1853-68. [These are bound with the Peiesn ee Journal of Microscopical Science. ] —— Royal Society of London. Some account of the ‘ Classified Papers’ in the Archives. See Church, A. H Minerva. Jahrbuch der gelehrten Welt, etc. 16 ter Jahrgang, 1907-08. Strassburg, 1908 [7.e. 1907]. 8v0. Minnesota. Minnesota Seaside Station. Year Book. See Postelsia. Nairobi. East Africa Agricultural & Horticultural Society and the East Africa Turf Club. Proceedings. See East i Quarterly. Natal. Natal Government Museum. Annals, i. London, 1906 — 8yo, BENTHAM TRUSTEES. —— First & Second Reports, 1904-05. Pietermaritzburg, 1906-07 = f. — fol. BENTHAM TRUSTEES. Nederlandsch Indié. gia van Landbouw. Jaarboek, 1906, Batavia, 1907> DIRECTOR. Nederlandsche Natuurhistorische Vereeniging. See Amsterdam. North Dakota. North Dakota Agricultural College. Government Agricultural Experiment Station. Bulletin 71. Flax Culture, by 906. H, L. BoLueEy. Fargo, 1 8vo. AUTHOR. odui Orel. Izvyestiya Obshchestva dlya ‘Izslyedovaniya Prir Orlovskoi Ghube i mit. [Bulletin of the Society of Naturalists of Orel]. 1. Kiev, 1907. 8vo., GuoRwraRY. 30945 e 72 Paris. cole Supérieure de Pharmacie. Laboratoire de Matiére Médicale. Travaux, ae sur la direction de E. PERROT. Tome iv. Paris, 1907. 8vo DIRECTOR, R.B.G. Kew. Postelsia. The Year Book of the Minnesota Seaside Station. 1901 & 1906. St. Paul, Minn., 1902 & 1906. 2 vols. 8vo Proskau. Kénigl. Pomologisches Institut. Proskauer Obstsorten. See Stoll, R. §1. Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science, edited by E. LAN- KESTER and G. Busk. iii. London, 1853-4. 2 vols. 8vo. Records of the Albany Museum. See Grahamstown. Revista del Ministerio de Obras Publicas y Fomento, Republica de Colombia. See Bogota. St. Petersburg. Société Impériale des a octet de St. Pétersbourg. Section de Botanique. Journal Botani sous la rédaction de B. FEDTSCHENKO. [Title also in ging i. St. Pétersbourg, 1906> 8vo. EDITOR. Saéo Paulo. Secretaria da Agricultura, Commercio bras Publicas do Estado de Sao Paulo. Boletim da pera es te série, n. 1. Sao Paulo, 1906— 8vo. EXCHANGE. —— ~— The State of Sao Paulo. Statistics and general information, 1903. Sao Paulo, 1904. 8vo. EXCHANGE. —— Boletim do Horto Botanico. periay ag gt ti para a Algolugia Ps Paulista. Familia Oedogoniaceae, por A. Lofgren. Sao Paulo, 1906. 8vo. EXCHANGE. —— — Relatorio apresentado ao Presidente do Estado pelo CARLOS aaah Secretario da Agricultura, 1906. Sao Paulo, 1907. 8vo EXCHANGE. Teysmannia: redacteur H. J. WIGMAN a eee asl de] jaargang. Batavia, 1890-96. 8vo de [— aargang. Ib., 1897-1906 8vo. 7 ae] Upsala. Linnéska Institutet. Skrifter. Forsta haftet. Upsala, ge ge J. M. HULTH. 73 ens Regia egg tek Scientiarum Upsaliensis (Kungl. Veten- skaps Societeten i Upsala). Bibliographia Linnaeana. S Hulth,J.M. §1. ge ze Wyoming. Wyoming State Board of Horticulture. Biennial report, 1, 1905-06. Laramie, 1906+ 8vo SECRETARY. § 4.—MANUSCRIPTS. Africa. British East Africa Protectorate. Rubber and Copal. Chiefly correspondence, 1874-1906. fol.—Miscellaneous Cultural Products, etc. Chiefly correspondence, 1876-1906. Bentham, George. Autobiography, aaa 2 vols. sm. 4to. R J. D. HOOKER. —— Diary, 1807-11. 12mo, —— 1812-17. sm. 4to. —— 1818. 8vo. —— - 1820-25. 4to. —~ 1830-83. 20 vols. obl. vo. Sir J. D. HOOKER. —~ Letters to Sir J. D. HOOKER, eee 4to Rd. D. HOOKER. Benthamiana. Letters and other documents, mixed with some newspaper-cuttings, chiefly concerning G. BENTHAM, 1819-97. 2 vols. fol. and 4to Sir J. D. HOOKER. Gold Coast. Botanical Station. Chiefly correspondence, 1862~ 1905. fol — Cultural Products. Chiefly correspondence, 1888-1906. 2 vols. fol. —— India-Rubber. Chiefly correspondence. 1882-1906. fol. Harvey, William Henry. Flora Capensis. Primulaceae to Oleaceae. 4to Henry, Augustine. Original numerical lists of the Plants col- lected by him in China, with localities, descriptive notes, ete 3 vols. fol. and 1 vol. 4to AUTHOR. Lehmann. F. C. Catalogue of Plants collected by F. C. L. in Colombia, Ecuador, Costa en: Guatemala, etc., from June, 1880, 2 vols. fol. and 1 vol. 4to 74 Linné, Carl von. Photographic eéproduction of a letter from C. von LINNE to Dr. C. G. vice, * dated Oct. 24,1737. to. 2 ff. YAL UNIVERSITY, UPSALA. —— C. LINNAEI Adonis uplandicus. Manuscriptum auctoris quod in Bibliotheca Degeeriana Leufstadiensi oopehicge: arte photo- lithographica expressum. Holmiae, pap RON r CARE DE GEER. — C. Liynazl Hortus uplandicus, 1730. Manuscriptum auctoris quod in Bibliotheca Degeeriana Leufstadiensi adservatur arte py eee expressum., on 1907.) 4to. RON CARL DE GEER. —— ©. LINNAEI Catalogus plantarum rariornm Scaniae item catalogus plantarum rariorum Smolandiae, 1728. Manuscriptum auctoris quod in Bibliotheca oe a, Leufstadiensi adservatur arte photolithographica expressum Waar 1907.) 8vo. RON CARL DE GEER, ROYAL BOTANIC GARDENS, KEW. . BULLETIN OF MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION, APPENDIX IIi.—1908. NEW GARDEN PLANTS OF THE YEAR 1907. The number of garden plants annually described in botanical and horticultural publications, both English and foreign, is now so considerable that it has been thought desirable to publish a complete list of them in the Kew Bulletin each year. The following list comprises all the new introductions recorded during 1907. These lists are indispensable to the maintenance of a correct nomenclature, especially in the smaller botanical estab- lishments in correspondence with Kew, which are, as a rule, only scantily provided with horticultural periodicals. Such a list. will also afford information respecting new plants under buted from it in the regular course of exchange with other botanic gardens, The present list includes not only plants brought into cultivation for the first time during 1907, but the most noteworthy of those which have been re-introduced after being lost from cultivation. Other plants included in the list may have been in gardens Icr several years, but either were not described or their names had not been authenticated until recently. In addition to species and well-marked varieties, hybrids, whether introduced or of garden origin, have been included where they have been described with formal botanical names. for obvious reasons. In every case the plant is cited under its published name, although some of the names are doubtfully correct. Where, however, a correction has appeared desirable, this is made. The name of the person in whose collection the plant was first noticed or described is given where known, 1375 Wt35 4/08 D&S 29 31536 76 An asterisk is sco oes to all those plants of which examples are in cultivatio 2 restate bon which this list is compiled, with Paes pe s & a hievintions used to SS aees ae are as follo Bulletin de ? Herbier Boiss B. K.—Guerke, Blithends Kakteen. B. M.—Botanical owns. Bp. . E. N.— etin du Muséum raid oo Paris. B. P.—Bollettino del R. Orto Botanico di Paler B. 8. B. F.—Bulletin de la Société Botanique de France 2 S. D. F.—Bulletin de la Société Dendrologique de France. B. T. 0.—Bullettino della R. Societa Toscana di Orti- cultura on Soe G: C. —Gardeners’ Chronicle. —Gartenflora. G. arden ers’ Magazi . W— Ganioniag “World. Henk "Nytaph F. Henkel, Das Buch der mphaeaceen. J. S. .—Icones Selectz Horti Thenensis Jard.—Le Jardin. J. 0 of H. —Journal of Horticulture. J. H.F. Jo de la Société Nationale d’Horticulture de France J. B.— Bulletin of proce Hid Inform Kew. Lemoine C emoine, Catale ie M. toelben: Dendrologischen Gesellschaft. N. B.— un ngen ae pitied Monatsschrift fit oemeeig yy © de. botanischen Garte S.—Journal of the Royal dea aag Society. al otanic Gardens D. G.—Mitt tail K.— M. otizblatt oe Konig}. Maseume zu Berlin. ester- reichische Ghrtare Zetttinty. O. R.—Orchid Hever. Crk i rchis. it. H.—Revue Horticole. - HT. B.—Revue de sx lana poe“ Belge. Sargent, T. & S—Sargent, Trees esr General Nursery Veitch Nov.—J. Vei diam.— Diameter. ft.—Foot or Fee HT. H.—Half-hardy. in.—Inches. Abies concolor aurea. (Jf D. sh 1906, 144.) Coniferae. H. The you i golden- a ives ually becoming silver- gray. nsorge, Klein Flottbek, Hambur Abies ore ee Soil pat CM. D. G. 1906, es are short and bike — Pe se broad as in the e typical form. - Ansorge, Klein Flottbek, Hamburg Acer Heldreichii purpuratum. D, = 1996, 212.) mara te Leaves red beneath. (Fritz Graf von —— Wendiseh- Wilmersdorf, Germany.) ase gymnandrum. (2. m™. t. Ranunculaceae. H. An annual with an erect stem reaching a height of 3 Leaves usually 3-2 in, ng, 1-1} in, broad, deeply divided, with i . teh & Sons, List of Toes ten. The abbreviations in the outa oe of the . G—Gr poem acute lobes, Flowers - in a or pan nicle. Upper sepal coum -shaped, narrow, green @evept Shrubs. 8S. Spit Cat.—L. ‘Spith, Tribune Horticole. plants se —— ouse. H.—Har ? Seuiseee the coloured margins; lateral bin to deep blue, spreading, clawed. Tib and West China. —— He igs var. eminens. saa Oe very tall- ene Variety, reaching a height of 9 ft. or a gerbe pr a he gaping than i in an helmet taller. "Rhonish of Shim (0. Stapf.) Aerides Peete, eon (J. H. F. 1906, 777.) Orchidaceae. 8. Flowers white dotted with rose. Hogg 4s cones) ne stated. (A. Régnier, Fontenay-so Bois, Seine, Wieawee —— macroalyx (NV. B. 1.) Gesneraceae. 5. Ai wasbin epiphyte with erete branches. Leaves — shortly ater: Jhigaead ae 4-5 1-1 umina Be. slender stalked. Calyx about aT in with narrowly lanceolate acuminate lobes. Corolla exserted, cylindric- funnel- shaped, slightly curved and enlarged in the upper part, aod with dark i og nerves and s Siam. (Berlin B. G.) yaa Mies EOER0: VETERE 1906, 211.) Sapindacea ti pon mt red, with Sethe. “The r ish colour later on changes ae se and fin the whole hecomes green. (R. | Behnsch, japan gots u.) “Agapetes —— CO: C3007, xli. 224, 23 3. G. M. 1907,,.292.) “ar apse new species allied OG, aoe var. Roylei, differing in he ving larger leaves auricle at the es. Leaves clustered at the end of each year’s shoot = e-oblong, 3}-4 in. long, 14-2 i orolla dee crimson, tubular, ventricose in the 1}- -12 in 74 lin. : ae _ the middle, : ribbed. Native cou unknown, probably Burma. (J. T. gf Phere Pos). mo B. iv. 250.) An a very fleshy base, smooth, 31 in. broad e base, nearly 4 (in. broad at the middle, almost ovate in the upper part, — or La variously bent ones, ‘Mexie ) Mortola lied to A. horrid om that species pe ose 3! ofthe) j same group nfs "pate mely narrow border of oe lea ae aves are 15-20 in nu long and 3 in. apart. Scape n hi Probably Central America. (Kew.) Ailantus Giraldii. (2. S. D. F. Sd ff ae r (Barbier & Co., Orleans; M. L. de Vil ilmorin, Les Barres, France.) 3 | 535 17 ae he ius case. +s (B.8.D Central na. Vilmorin, Les Barres, France.) Alneniie BBe (Ry 1907, 493, ve bles Didieres, w aie was Tt co h d Pa destitute of leaves except in the young ; mes of incon- spicuous Red he name of the species i cultivation | is not recorded, Madarasos?. (Paris B Aloe pallidifiora. Bakes M. t. $122. iliacea G. r T. Hanbury, La Mortola.) (B. 8. B. F. unifolium. Amomum Ley con glaucesce pe Spike half-immersed in in see: 2 in. eg g, 4 in. China. (Paris B. G.) *Ampelopsis Lowi. (G4. @ 1907, 2a Gard. 1907, lxxi. 516, f.; R. H. B. 1907, 388, £.) Ampelidaceae. Fe oe en a der in i ‘ 3 geist mn o mewhat cordate, , ae. AUT, “amet een, (Rk. — 567, grow: ase ome ed on the ends of the branches and on the young leaves with A?2 a velvety jee ee fens as in Vitis i in Leaves long-stalked, with 5 long- stalked “elliptic leaflets 8 in “ broad, uminate, proms i and glabrous above, paler read pubescent on the benea Inflorescence very aay (about 6 in. long), pyramidal, loose. <= P bly native of North a. [Syn. Parthenocissus Saint- Paulii, Koehne . Graebn., in Gf. 1900, 250, 283. == Viti eae creer er eerue. 25.) Orehidacre ap spec ies differ- ms Thomsonianus in bein e lobes heavily sepia- meaty instead of g spotted, Nigeria. (Hon. W. Rothschil 1d.) “test SES" oeretaos ieee 1907, H. segments a not so long. Flowers golden Syatlate. Siberia, (Kew.) — elongate. CG. C. 1907, xlii. 127.) H. Similar to A. sylvestris in — seg foliage, but it is much less hers, Himalaya. (8. Arnott.) [An old garden étant re-introduce ee t ay cryicp pees (Gard, 1907, across, raised “Angracoum Buyssoni. Sock M, 1907, 885; G. C. 1907, xii. r- worth 0.) [See 1887, 281, and 189], Res first introdu ced when it was a Gog A, du Buyssonii,] 5 Rui: in see. and described as 78 | Angraecum Scheffleri. S. Plant scarcely 8 in. amplexicaul, about 33 i 2 in. broad, ines “brown the underside ung, eener, with transparent reddish dots above. Race Shee 1,70. long, reddis ong again. (Berlin B. G.) ra German East Africa. a Setar ees var, Virens., ee ers fro m the (Berlin B. G.) Angulocaste Bievreanae. 1907, ii. = ii t. 57 oe FF, 1907 Orchidac between Tatas tae and Lycaste Skinneri, (Chéteau Royal, Laeken, Belgium.) Anthurium Andreanum Gameri. arry- Desloges, Paris.) Araucaria eggs virgata. (WV. D. G. 1906, 193 Coniferae. G. A form pserve ) 13 in. br ceous ; petiol t in. long. Flowers many, short ovoid or corymbose panicle. Corolla urceolate, ut jin. lon hite or pinkish. abo California. (Kew Gi mee Cat. 7, 535; Jard, "907, _ The fol A. Lemoinei vidii, are de- scribed earminen, A, rubella, and A, rutilans, EB or othe an of the panicles. (V. Lemoine & Son, Nancy.) “Begonia Bertini nana. Cat. n. 165 egoniacea ppeery compaci variety with ists red- wo bps CV. Lemo oine & Son. ey.) thy wee eae Y om oe CO. GZ 1907, 1B) shrubby species Been erect, irate branched from the ase. Leaves elongate-oval, slighily undulate on the margin, sharply acu- inate, shining green, dot an blotched with white, those developed later entirely dark green. Flowers in large axillary fascicles, bright sal- mon-orange. Fr whitish rose, uits winged. Brazil. (Haage & Schmidt. Erfurt.) ao cae ae (Rh. HB rden hybrid eed n B. soce and a garden n variety "of the nations A spatiiin. (J. Veitch & Sons.) Begonia Pearcei Xx Baumanni. (Lemoine Cat.n. 165,10.) @. A gar- den hybrid. (V. Lemoine & Son, Nancy.) Berberis tng mae 110.) Ber n eae aeck 6-10 ~g hie Ars rgent,, branches produci ferous sp =, usually Somare scarcely } ong Fare rarer 13-2} i “Berberis Wilsonae. (€. = 1907, xlii. 284, 372, £.153; Ga? 237, 541, f.3 J. of H China. “Bigelovia graveolens. (2. 8155 Composi A sbru crow 1-3 i in. long, acute, Foe eda 5 vty 79 penne agin stalked, firth ged. ers yel- F wie a all cabutes® North ‘aie. (Kew.) home tres mc pepero eg . se 23.) of Lugenia myrio- phyl Brasso-cattleya Alexanderi. (0. ied 1907 gh 125.) Orchidaceae. den hybrid between ¢ tty ve piesa and Brassavola Dighy (Gk. Holford.) pret erie Hyeae. o R. 1907, A garden hybrid be- bie Srumaitets Digbyene. a. li; Holford.) vg ae mragee (4. ©. den hybrid Dighyana and Cattle ya Gaskelliana. (J, Chamber- in.) Brasso-laelia Jessopii. (0. R. 1907, 4 re a ceae. G, garden rid between Laelia senthina and yf ussavola Digtuaes (G. M, Jessop.) R, Brame eee Sig meen (0. vola Digbyana. (KR. G. Thwaites,) eae Pence: 5 eA geen yes bes ybri faiglaaas and Laelia nares Wellesley.) poor va. a pas — fpaiedse xlii. 161.) (F. Sander & Sons.) bophyllum seats a 9071 33 Bo gee 8160.) 8. ies a An epiphytic (K. B. eaf oblong, about 6 in, long. suberect, 9-10 in, long. Raceme ns, about 12-flowered. Flowers con 2 ai eae large, deep yellow, dark purple lip. Annam. (Glanevi in B. G.) Pe eye fpeednoepaten it. 88 a 4 broadly triangular at the eee wih a filament- ike Srcgogaee o wis fetes, Sathaen fata. “G. O’Brien.) (G. Bulbophyllum eu. ' Very closely 907, oa 42,f.1 Rothschil ild.) Bulbophylium age cosra ngs 22), 1 purple stripes, ew ro ies Ciaieiaens B. G.) ee tridentatum. (K. B. oY Column green, with arms. British New Guinea. 8.) th CF Sander & Sons. ee 63, t. 6.) a irda g cone- 4-€ in Cactus Maxonii. Cactaceae. G. early at right angles to ah pola anal. rose-coloured, Guate- mala, Washingt ton B. G.) 50 | “Caesalpinia vernalis. (2. ™. t 8132.) Leguminosae, 6) he marked with a BE, blotch, China, Calamahe purmalics, (K. B. 29.) O pee eg pny talked ; blade 8-10 in, 1 1}-2} in, broad. Scape erect, about 18 igh. ceme 4 in. long, many-flowered, Flowers uve-purple, with a sadigus crest, Sepals elliptic- es ng. lon Seg et os or elliptic: lean lin. long. Lip deepl one Siete to rik coline 7-8 lin. Burma, (Glasnevin B. G.) ong. “Calliandra portoricensis var, (B. Tt d having deltoid calyx-lobes Central America. the type in and lois stamens. (Kew.) “Campania incurva. (/. Rk. i. 8. 05.) Camp: ed 4 e apex, - lon ng tei broad. Calyx-lobet nape ‘plu t= ¢. Zeahibind ‘Heldr. “Campanula Kolenatians. (J. RAILS. XXx1i, £ : mpanulate -funnel-shaped, blah vi vigils 1 in. long, hairy inside. oukeiede Medium imperialis. N. 1907, 659; 7. H. 1907, ii. B14.) a hybrid. (Pape Bergmann, "Giattiat ie, Germany.) “Campanula bettace. CG. C, 1907, raked 97, f. 84.) H. A biennial tem. ascending, angular, 6-1 81 tire, glabrous. Inflorescence corymb- (i, A, F e ‘lope ote shap at : 15-41 oblong, narrowed to the b: e, toothed ; Dode, ris.) Ton eae upper ovate, sessile owers smail, pale agi! in a dense terminal d aris o ergn 7 &, D. F. 1907, in rous ost sessile id between an m smaller axiliae y heads. Northern n.) A garden hy Italy. (W. E. Gambleto A aupfns poss C. cordifolia. CK. Gallé, N Campanula rotundifolia var. eT: Henryi. sae S. D. F. alaskan @. (G@. C.1907, xlii. 126.) H. paid, with Tang than the ies entire or sometimes with a single ee rarely tricuspidate, the younger puberulow us both sides, the older res meat x glab: a re Inflorescence aragana arbores a ym owers numerous 8 ¥ age forma Lor small, as “ah 0, Kaempferi, Seeds mino: ; cae at 4 eh. rere mee tee ; y 3-1 i Mls, ; or occasionally 2 lin. broad. Standard Peake) ae ‘Vitmorin, ee n sometimes with a tooth a Catalpa heterophylla. (2. 8. D. FP. 1907, 203, f.)° AH. Very near @. le Nebrownii, ea B. 249.) Asclepiadaceae. G. ah sane erect or ascending. SE ae be sia no of aed glabrous, 6-7 ong, a § in : rs across ; angles flattened, large-toothed, of the glands are red-brown instead of eeply sinuate between green. } rth ee (M. L. de i Vilmorin, Les Barres, France.) [Syn C. Bunget var. heterophylla, O. A. Meyer. } Morey goog &. S. D. F. 1907, get be das subumbellate. Pedicels 23~3 in. long. Corolla about 24 in. across, Brice be vate-lan he mane oF iub-dhasped th the German South- West Africa, Ga Sortsia = lobed lea da narrower compact idal Sendo = the Ss 0 wer ndary axes et Pig omen Mons Rariirht ee eb fo Popphedl a 9 rf rey (2. The flowers are of a purer white, and Laie pallia pide: Bie ‘nid are fragran apan. n- Louis fréres, Plantidres, near Metz. of the limb with irregular angular green blotches. Seoacen Louis fréres, Plantiéres, near Metz.) “Catalpa Teasiana. (2. Dz 1907, 205, f.) H. A gar arden hybrid between C. Kaempferi and probab é. aes ate See Garden and Forest, 1889, 3 —— en pst oe (Oreh. 25.) A new ee Arner. ek B. 1907, 12.) ee 20-30 ft. _—_ “sehen ree co wthir small, ova Foca pee 14-74 in, long, up to 43 in. : d, truncate or cuneate at the base, otte ly 5- 6-tooth eac side, saietlinns cntire, Inflorescence species in “habit and | size resem resembling 0 3-12-flowered Corolla l. tabulare. Raceme few-flowered, purple and white, 14 in. | and up to alge hen she sea oad. The plant froguentip. Lege frenep et S eee te inte, '. Bungei is C, Kaen bg se one se : Be a ay ae Dicea, Kew oy, J . bi jnonioies dotted, Soont if) ye niong, 4 lin. geee: etals oblong, acu the sam “Catalpa ce ange Fea: 1807, 201, f.) new "gielies remarkable in saving a edae ee long. Andes Beyrodt, Marienfelde, Berlin.) Cattleya Latmstrongine (G. C.1907, rehi mea se hybrid bet C. Har dy ya nea aly C. sede vivlacea, (Armstrong & Brown.) Cattleya, nanionsis. (0. 1907, 79.) eopre os hybrid Bese ra as and @. J ay ipradee Chateau fe Ronsele e, Ghent.) X spretabilis ; 0. R, 1907, 316. | = C. 1907, A garden ‘ig esti and ‘E. Sander te Sons.) Cattlove. tenn 1907, 309 periere C. Hardyana., os. ypaabea ne. (O. R. 1907, hybrid apparently Sonne 9 § C. Schiller e, Gross-Ottersleben, ior Mareues Germany.) Cattleya Mossiae var. alba sul- phurea. ii yellow = La Cattleya spectabilis. see C. bahi- ensis. err ade ae rater: (4.0. 26 ; tip. Lip deep _ orange at the base Ww.) Cereus Sepuinvs. Cat. K. 1907, 166.) Cactaceae. Bra es decumben t, rregular, tubular, oe BO) 3in.long. Paragua y. (Berlix, Cereus zearetcarpas Son K. 1907, 34 in 65.) tem 4-6-ribbed, aaa or de seckonedl and spiny at the a ; ribs smooth, usually straight ; eolae 14-13 in apart, round, sho te-tome ; OF at the apex at first glabrous, ar ee 3 or 4 very sho ical coni k brown spines. Flowers opening at night ; tube 5 in, marae asvlow seages in the low gree Paraguay. Cw. Watoark Masondorl near Ohr- druf, Germany.) Chamaecyparis Lawsoniana ee — Ce. rs g Bea 06, Bae pa (G. peilasid= “Roskewisial, Bremen. J ghapres SSUES. | on M.D. G. 1906, 143.) H. Thickly and equally branched Big Rees ole p sy a*sumin colu orm. (C. A soo ae Klein Flottbek, Hamburg.) [ Cupressus. ] nk maximum Da- vid sii, (Gar 1907, Ixxi. 296.) Co ompositae. as a fine variety, with strong “abiitia of great length. (R, Holmes.) *Cirrhopetalum Py eae reac var. Fascinato . 1907, 34 254, 260.) Or 8. Bie seer a lage es 23 in. long, light green, boone dotted with red, and with 7 urple t i 3 purple stripes, pellu- cid-dotted. Lip muc never, acute, mottled with brown. Moore.) (Syn. . Bulbaphylivn biflorum, Teijsm & Binn. | a —— et B.19)7, 131.) Orchidaceae. short. lanceolate blog, 5-34 be long, about 4 in. Scape carved: or sub oP , 3-4 in, ‘ios Flowers turned to one side, light rose- pink with the front lobe of the lip le. Se eading, ellip- almost mest re, elliptio-oblong 3-3} lin. rag (CH. Low & ' ; Glasnevin 83 Cioma tia quinquatolnenn (G6. lobe, and the lower of 3 pointed re- 1907, 3.) nuncu lace: flexed lobes, Stamens white. Costa new pais allied iw C. ‘Moyeniana. It Riea. (V. Lemoine & Son, Nancy.) is imbing shrub, h channelle stems at aie Eiger see atterwars —- may seis (Lemoine Cat. almost glab Leaves pin he 2; n. 167, 3.) 8. a round, 5-foliolate leaflets stalked, Tanceolate hat airy chien you or oblong- lance Jon ue igen rather leige e, ovate- and 1+ in. brine ames milky- lanceolate oblong, very hairy. white, borne, 5 or 6 together, on Flowers ducalid — in the axils of axillary gine ¢ pinta than the the upper leaves ; uncle 3-3 i ves. or 5, ong. Cen long. Corolla wdiohts oaavike 21-32 in. an China. ma. Varick & Sons.) long ; tube inflated about the middle ; limb 2-lipped, 4-lobed; upper lo *Clematis Sanderi. (G. C. 1907, xli. broad, arching; lateral lobes} short, ) ibly a form of the ve spreading ; lower lobe longer and nar- riable @ avinaté n ever- rower tha thers, finally more or green plant, resembling C. indivisa in less spreading 8, xliii. habit, og is less robust. Leaves nar- 66, f 33. Costa ay, Lemoine & rowly lanceolate, 1-2 in. long, dis- Son, Nancy.) in axillary clusters, sometimes a dozen rer multifoliata. (4.0. ne, or mo Rosaceae t , fragrant. Sepals xlii. 15 . white, 1 long, narrow, recurved pinnate, in. long, with pei Stamens } in. long, salmon-red, in a closely arranged leaflets, giving the regular dense cluster. Australia. (F. plant a fern-like appearance. Flowers Sander & Sons.) Ee big brown, meee Cali- for B.G.) [Syn. Re peat Fateue hie S.D.P. Patentilla one Engelm.] ff.) H. vial ti ¥ socapekatee for Phe beauti- | *Coreopsis bella. (A. B. 1907, 364.) ful rather lax inflorescences of white Compositae, H.H. An undershrub owers, which are about 14 in. long about 3 ft. hi petiolate. inclu stamens, and bright blue pinnatipartite, pubescent both s ; ruits encircled by a persistent in- segme vate- , acute, more tensely red calyx nm pedicels o or less deeply t Flower-heads the same colo The leaves are pedunculate. Ray-florets 12, oblo ovate, purp nm young, elliptic, 12-nerved, 1} i , sub- this colour persisting for a long tim cute or ob’ ay eieern at the apex. on the underside. Szechuen, China, A ver w species. British (ML. .b.. deVi wager? Les Barres, East Africa. (Kew. France.) Corylus Colurna var. chinensis. (/. rare er moor enero H. F. 1907, 516.) Cupuliferae. 4H. J. H, F. 1907, 428; R. H. B. 1907, Differs from the type in having the 254.) Orchidac den eupule prolonged above the nut into h ‘sage between Odontoglossum Scep- short tube, which is divided into trum or O. pr be and Cochlioda divaricate lobes. Western China ; Vales (F. Lambeau, Brussels.) L. de Vilmorin, Les es, France.) {orn C. chinensis, Franch, in Journ. ceclogyae Colmanii. (4. ¢. i t e Bot. 1899, 197.] xli. 109, f. 48; O. R. 1907, 73, a Orchidaceae. S.A garden hybrid EES es eames 54 oe 1907, ey een re speciosa rede and C. 7 26.) R alba. (J. Colman.) [Syn. H. A pretty yee fal species, with 2 a Colmonet magdeburgensis ; O. RB. ‘ior. drocping habit. Leaves small, ovate, 90.] entire. Fruits scarlet or dark red, in clusters on branches about | in : Colanaen pane = jor. oom hina? (J, Veitch & Sons.) Gesner: é.n. 165, 2; n. ceae, tems me Sa ves saat: Loomer ga “pepe gta me all dark brane preenaty i i et la shrub, — long ~— ed een “oi owers ‘ lightl ébied red W dark green | scarlet, 8} in. long; tube slightly eee curved, velvety pataide'} limb 2-lipped, scarlet. “Central Q @. Welt & the upper lip of a broad ‘rounded entire | Sons pe ge Bera fa BH. B. 907, 1 we ee rei G. Stem loe, ed or 8 Bagh, dense terminal — oh etals dark red, ovate- lanceolate, 14 lin. long, ecaade ex- serted. Transvaal, (W. Barbey, Pierriére, Geneva.) Mear ane amoenum var. fag ome.) yn.. C. Modest: G. ©. 1907, “li. 35; & AL 1907, 531.) “Crocus ent var. cahrn’ Bits 1007, xx .£ ridac A & Flowers white: 6. G, van raisin, Haarlem.) “Crocus speciosus x pulchellus. 66.6. sia xlii. 332.) H. Appar geen a garde n hyb rid Pi ogg the speci named. (EH. A, Bowles.) Cryptomeria yee argenteo- a (AL. D. G.1906, 151.) Coni- ferae. H. ous- cy nb form, oot vigor with silvery white-tipped sh CH. Hellemann, Moorende, Breme en.) Cyclamen a (Rh. H. 1907, t.) mula ree 328, ery closely ied ss . persicum, The leaves have sing open sinus and a cuneate expansion at i base. Pe- duncle longer. Se ceola hy nag — Simoni. (G. M. 907, Ixxi., May 11, wers intense Flow crimson-scarlet, (Lord Aldenham.) 84 ps romps nie carte ae (0. 1907, ile Sie G, Ag Pi hybr ri “wry “ovianwm He C. Trac eth “Cd. W. Moore.) eee eaves, (R. H, 1907, 166, £3: 5; ve sely allied to C. Byartik but mu crimson. Annam. (C. Béranek, Paris.) Bete tet pumilum. (X. B. 1907, 30.) G. Psendobulbs ovoid, small, and keels bright yellow. Yunnan, China. (Kew.) me Sight pi (O.R, 116.) hybrid ga ie C. Lowianum and C. cburnev- Lowianum, (Armstrong & Brown.) Ce peaiam, APRS OLE A. (@. C. 1907, 19.) Bea gar ida hybrid Wate a » form a = nitens an Charlesworthi strong & Sian 2 1 Paphionaldon 7 os Slag bruxel- lense. (2 190% 67.) 3. A ert eae: form EB. Dra Laeken, Belgium.) ‘LDaphiopelidum. ed Cypripedium Charlesworthii rubrum. (4G. C. 1907, xlii, 254.) 8. A form with very large and finely coloured flowers, (H. Low & Co.) [ Paphiopedilum.} Bed por agel rahe ag gg ns 1907, 8. ‘e villosum anreu t Bur (F. Wellesley.) Oe Paphiojeditumy ietrichianum. ra : Be 74 raF gp rele fw ) Me eB. 107, 3 D te id bless bellatulum, CF. [ Paphiope -dilum, J oe ee (0. R. 46.) ton hybri a a) n a ess oO c "tanuin, [ Pa et a ilum.] ser peerings os (Rh. H. B 1907 arden hybrid Gelieoas C. ee aU ae the ‘G. Hye Hall variety of C. insigne. (J. de Crom, 2 ci Ghent.) [ Paphic- pedilum | Gypripodiam waltonense. (4. C. Thom pson. ) { Paph iapodiline : cae ana Junodii. (B. H. B. 1907, ff.) 13-1 in CW; Barbey, Pletriaee. Gonads es Hongo scien! a 907 , 4 85 rritieoe Ye Bitte rs myths ee t in i e margins of th ina much di T. Rochfor ded. & Sons.) [Aspidium falcatum var.]} By dead emer gee C. Beit xi, sy arden hybrid between Co seed \ ae ‘geasenils , purgan It has a big habit a gelden-patiow flowers. w.) Rebbe lyre’ sot (4. €. ih ‘jlices green, with long atte tenuated pinnules. Brazil. (H, B, May & Sons. Delphinium candidum. (2. ©. 170.) Ranunculaceae. Ad sat slightly hairy esas: with usually Leaves pal 3-flowered bran ly 5-lobed, the eae 4-5 i ross, the lowest on stalks 8-15in. long. Flowers ure white, pagers primrose, about a n. with a slender Rake 13-2 in. loti ’ Uganda. (Lady indlip.) i hintasn a gphiaet ad (B. M. i a, ee ennial. bith: ater in near Hy all ae Stems 5 ft. high or more, Ystightly branched. talked, Pr Cl divided ; ‘f ; toge spur broad, straight, erect. Mountai of East Tropical Africa, (J. OBrien) Dendrobium Boundii. eG, e 1907, 104.) i: seg hybrid A garden Hider wand and D, Fi alas Aten Se an.) os Cola 90.) A large fine ep abpood get hen giganteum, i: CF. ” ead P Sons.) Dendrobium fusiforme. (4. ¢. 1907, xli, 337, f.142; O. R. 1907 3.) S, se. ubl dwarf slender form of D, speciosum, but it differs from that species in ing fusifo pseudo- bulbs seldom more than | ft. long, and rm of D. speciosum. Queensland, (ac : 0. Strickland.) ree A oan ek carnea. (R. JJ, J 190 7, 7, 325; Gard. 1907 fa heey saxit H. A garden hybrid between D. scabra and D. discolor grandiflora (V. Lemoine & Son, Nane Does discolor lactea. (2, I B. beige eye Pyigerrgeo = (R, y, 373, f.; . 1907, 325, f. vai: oa garden hybrid b Sieboldia cae Nase ry.) ea) _ — bite C0, 0: 784 oliaceae. lary, at in termi w veining inside. U. 5 Veitoh & Sons.) — eluens, “a AG. C. 1907, xli. 114.) stem hig with a few widely s eparated lan rosie lebves on the low half, and smaller ones above. F reddish spot at the tips. Rhodesia. (Lord Rothschild, ) a — ae He 1907, 123.) estrial 7 : : oa heh or more Peres radical, few, ow. wers yellow a purple, pee’ large, sever together on cape. Dorsal sepal broadly ovate ; lateral sepals long and narrow. Peta preaing oe — ee — at K. 1907, at.) Ore temless. ves in a alee’ ge bluish- white and very hoary both sides obovate, about 23 in. long. Peduncle : 1 long. Flowers in a fork yme, edicels about 5 lin. long. Corolla 5 lin, long, purple inside, ens Sesigiges slightly spreadin, lobes. Mexico. (Darms bade” [ Cot yledon. ] rece age (UM. K. 1907, 4 in eres hey ‘Reve pallid below Flow ey ey in a l-sided ra e. Corolla 5- angled, rose maton or red inside and paler es od ; obes minate, exico, — ingto: aie Darmstadt B, G.) { Cot yledon. J —— a (MLK. 1907, Cac Ra spines 5-12 gee long, ye. : digi funnel- oe rose-co peas, 24 in. long. Argentin: (Berlin B. G.) Echinocactus i rnc (M. K. 1907, 187.) G. globose, dark green, depressed at "he summit, —— it is clothed with a Ribs 14, twisted. Radial s ar 8 or | , about } in. long, black when young ; central 1 or 2 or sometimes wanting. Flowers = me Probably Chili. (Berlin B. G.) Echinocactus Fricii. (wv. x. 1907, ber; . ie ae i but . larger size and differs s flow Argentina. (F. Deiohen back, pie a ee (B. K.t M. K, 1907, ¢ G ng longest. ers 24 in. long, nearly 4 in, across, pale citron-yellow, Para- guay. (Berlin B. G.) Echinocactus Maassii. Caf. 1907, 410, f. 50.) G. § covered by ea br in olde Areolae at the summit val to eapoalar at first covered with a sho hite wool, afterwards glabrescent. Radial spines 10-15, 24-73 lin. long, at first yellow, afte s whitish ; central 4, in the form of obliqu 1 Bolivia, (Berlin B, G.) Echinocactus platensis. (J/. x, 1907, nermost w in Rohinopsis latorliee, es K. 4007, simple aliipaotd, sete resi hat, es oem slightly depressed and un- eae at the su ibs 16, sub- sinuate, somewhat use. Radial in 5 lin, long t. about 2 in. long, scarlet-brickred ; tube very ne pilose outside. Bolivia, (Berlin B @) Mohinopsis al eae CM. K. 1907 128, 135.) G. “rere depres ood glo bea 21 in. in. in diam. shining dark aren. inbecisa and un- armed at the p 3 17, divided by deep furrows into 0 a tuberel reolae 4-6 segments. Bolivia. (Berlin B. G.) meme Piggies (Gf. 1907, 1, t. very distinct new species. from which protrude abundant gray w Sepals and petals reduced to peculiar twisted t threads, the outer brownish, the —— dirty white. Paraguay. , Gr. Lichter- felde, Berlin.) Enkianthus chinensis. (@. € 1907, xli, 363 Hricaceae. ed, very ee in shape and nem oe ellipt rab! obovate- elliptic, vy gr rage quing uaderse var, SeI- rulatus. (4G. C. 1907, xli. 344.) H. net has the type ess vi aad in having pure ers. Central and Western Chink (J, Veitch and Sons. 87 Bors opalarucensis. (0. Rr 009 gar n Cattleya labiata and pA sae sede (F. Denis, Balarue les Bains, Herault, France.) Epidendrum on15 Onehaass — 2 1907, xlii. 21.) _ wers | yellowish, tinged with shicalaies pith whitish rica, (Sir Tre U2 iz campyto- aly Ht aur f.) aes nD arg i a Datremyayenene Sg es ag obra eiwantt ie ter. benaceumand E_longifolium, (Dutrem- blay du Courbevoie, Seine rani themum eee ee: § ", 1906, 553. arden hybrid ae ween B. piieceinie and £, longi- folium. (Posen vert u May, Cour- bevoie, Seine, France.) oe ee: ced i 1907, xli. 365.) HH. $ pin- natisect, ates a "roset = tthe base of the single stem. Stem about 1 ft in woolly heads 4-6 in. long and 3-4 in. broad. Western Himalaya. (Kew.) Eremurus she Se peg (2. I. 1907, 366 ; 7,402.) Lilia- Cie., P ee Mac sapped (R.H.190 229, f. 8 arden hybrid pat ween B si E. spectabilis ? (Ph. L. de Vilmorin, vera, France. dict Mc cah gee CB - t. 8171.) -orous- growing plant with erec habit, t, broad leaves 12-16 in. long, ep vith reddish-purple. lip is | obi- anlar? n outline, not obovate as in E. vatifolia. Borneo, (Kew e *Eria rhyncostyloides. (es ed 90%, xlii. 370.) S, A handsome “tik visage! conellartviden, Age it resembles in t e flowers, but it is a “amneh Pleat 88 plant and more fleshy. Leaves 3 or 4, *Fagus sylvatica var. fasti igiata. 12-18 in. long, 2 in. broad, thick, CG. C. 1907, xli. 149.) Oupuliferae, bright green. Inflorescence 8 i : The Daw ech, remarkable consisting of 250-300 flowers about ra see erect branches. ss in. across, in a cylindric stalked Balfor spike. Flowers white, sli a Li ed, the surfac> with a granulate s t Mitel bane Fane (Hon. Felicia petiolata. (@. ¢. 1907, =n. W. Rothechs ild.) Si, f. 34) Compositae. tinguished from 2s pee ‘meldoides g proc ont See ey ouandl, (G. cabs 1905 Ds ot s A ia ol = pei leg 100; Gard. 1907, Ixx Leaves shortly stalked, ovate, 3-1 in. r o 1) aeons longa or HLH. A g. er-heads solitary, 3-1 in n hybrid between #, arborea and across, on slen peduncles about 7 Vaattanion (R. Veitch & Sons.) 2 in. long ; ray-florets rosy-p rp r mauve; disk-florets yelloy a Ervum gracile. see Lathyrus fili- Africa. (F, Denis, Balarac les Bai formis. Herault, ae [Syn. Aster pm latus, Harv. Eryngium proteseflorum. (4. 1907, xli, 248, ff. 103, 107.) Umbell BA ae) gs nee yar. pid ge ferae a ie rit CR. 8157; . hers: Leaves silvery. green, ‘esi Uinbellterae Ee I. "ition from 19-24 in. long, 3-1 in. bro d, with e in hay he ultimate longitudinal fine white furrows, fur mde of the leaves sh a spines edges pla is the sou ty) u about } in. long, Flowering-stems ammoniac of Marocco, Modi vapeatcas 3 ft. high, much branched. Flower- Region. (Kew.) heads light blue, 2-3 in, lon mg, 14 in. across, 1 or 2 together, surrounded b F ’ raxinus holotricha. cw. p., ~ whorl pind silvery white ite 1906, 67: Spiith Cat. 1s sori wo) exico. (C. Sprenger, Naples} Oleaceae Hi. A new species o suheetie Fr ‘avinaster, remarkable tc Hupatorium deltoideum. (7. 7 0, the c Sonione pubescence on the branches 1907, 13.) Composi se G. A shrubby and leaves, and the iene hispid $ evergreen species aves long-stalke ry. ately |, tree triangular, hastate a sagittate at the Buds brown, Leaflets 7-13, dis- base, toothed, green above, pale 8 tinctly stalked, lanceolate or ovate beneath, somewhat rugose. Flowe lanceolate, 13-3 in, ong. acemes heads large, had thes te in terminal short, with 10 hermaphrodite flowers. panicles. Mex (C. Sprenger, Native country unknown. CL. Spath, Naples.) Berlin; Berlin and Dresden B. G. Cultivated under the name of /’, pota- se aces ere ede Hf. 1907, mophita.) 61.) eae, §. cei sonal Guiores resembling | *Fraxinus ‘Bpacthiana. (Spiith Cat. a thistle in appearance, Stem much 1907-08, eautiful tree branched, fleshy, smooth, not chan- i Bake ee au pinna nelled, bearing numerous wing-like rg t has been distributed as appendages ; beskehas pics terminat- r, F. Sieboldigna. Ci. Spath, Berlin.) ing in a it ag? ihe spin Leaves absent Flowers and frui § wikneen, VILN. 1905, 348. Madapeber “Glauciam leiocarpum. oe 1907, scart B. G.) 3 B. 7. 0.1907,215.) P. apaveraceae, > A tu doa plant about 1} ft. a eaves sieves us, Flowers. 24-3 i oe Plog ang H. eo 492, across, deen orange-scarlet, with latge a ge 23 ft, coos blotches at the base of the gh. "iietliacge r Asia Minor. (Haage & a Whorled, jointed, _ fleshy. Schmidt, Erfurt.) ? rt mes, e plant, . Siew known’ by the native name * Intisy” | *“Haberlea pig aes var. Virgin- is interesting as of rubber. alis. (G. @. 1907, xli, 322: G. M. See B. M. H. x 1900. "957-269. » i, 1-4, 1907, 373.) Gesneraceae. H, Flowers Madagascar. (Paris B, G.) pure white. (R. Farrer.) Haemanthus virescens x albiflos, £Gh- 1907, 493, f. 61.) Amaryllidaceae, G. A garden hybrid. (Freiburg B. G.) “Haworthia Pearsoni. G. (K B.190 a) Liliaceae, A —— bie Leaves about 80 wded, sialy pri e1 oblanceolate “oblon ; t i oad en ong, obtuse, pale files clone, Pari ribbed. South Atsice, gor ote ciliaris. (@. C. 1907, itae, species Stems erect, glabrous, es narrow, undu- brown “Herbertia Amatorum. ah B. 1907, 321.) Tridaceae. G, lobose, A lanes Tanecolate plicate, se ones oe 8 in. st 41 2 in. across ; with os midnib ‘white inside, 3 } times as long as the = heart- “shaped white “tel me frets with blue; inner segments violet, brown- spotted at the base. Uiavoay: (Kew.) Bee 7 pete at var. grandi- flor ae C. 1907 we peg fard. 1907, 176; G. J 357, f.; Jard. 907 340, f. 186.) ais tranctenk (Paul & Son, Nancy.) mire gagh deigiesmo (\. B. iv. Bis, sclepiadaceae. 8S. A n paced hae nearly allied to /. jit a but it differs in habit and dis- tinetly smaller leay It is an epi- phyte, with elongated filiform partly inv! olute. Flow in geome 74 lin. across, "teak: deeply 5 lobed. Siam. (Berlin B, G.) 89 cmpations oppners laine. (Gent. 1907, x Geraniaceae. l in. acro 0 Ss, pin osy-red or rosy- purple. ) India sil Cevken, (Kew. "Indigofera ti acme aca a hy a Legumino siteohed rides permits slightly when youn ves ee C. 1. 888, rr ‘ite nating. the old o (a. C. 1907, A rang, forming compact cherry- e year’s stems; bud 3-1} in. long. Outer sepals green or deep red tinged with yellow. Petals bright yellow. e genus resembles Pereskia in habit and foliage and teat in its flowers. oe ON des .& w York B, G.) Phaio-calanthe Colmanii. (é. 907, zi 1; Q. 2,100, 8, 10) Orchidaceae. S. A garden h 95 ‘between Phaius ‘Norman’ and Calanthe Regnieri Stevensii. (J, Cole- man.) Phaius pith heat gt: = 1907, 284.) Ore mbles P, flavus me ane and 3 fie ee general shape vf the flowers these are white, with some veining on the “9 Malaya. nder & Sons.) b ad Zollingeri, Rehb, f.] fe tiged he Sy Gt D, G. 83) 5 ‘ te es tween P, and P, labspottus (iL. Spiith, erin) er en oS op ota (CM. D. G. 53.) pt up oe 8 ine i vy gradually cuminate, cute at the base, both sides Flowering-branches short, 1 in. across, with oval pe Tibet. (M. L. de Vilmorin, Les Barres, France. tenax Powerscourtii. it is ty) d blooms more freely. (Viscount Powerscourt.) [In cultivation for m ears the Powerscourt variety. Phyllocactus eevee aS K. t. 91.) Cactaceae. G. Closely related to P. anguliger. The mee ae of the stem are flat, thin, and broad, very green, across, with a f ce r bling at of hoe Tes sega tube a early 6 long; outer segmen yellow oe ae inner wills Moxico, (Berlin B, G.) Phyllocactus Purpusii. (2 X. 1907, 34, f.) G. A new species allied to ndis. Plan on t branched, forming a bush about 3 ft. high ; branches la leaf-like, undulate, ttenuated O ents linear- lanceolate, ga passing to purple, ith a median stri pe darker outside and whitish inside ; silaie segments oblong to lanceolate, carmine-r white striped with rose, the i shortly t; inn shortly sp white tint white. anion (Darmstadt B, G.) Physortyhis Fog Stes ek Gara. 229 appearance closely mbles an Aubristte ey its foliage is reve and its “Sign are bright citron-y rie we Persia. (M. Leichtlin, den.) (Syn. Vesicaria Guipildodie Boiss. } PTD. Geek — Core 16.) : ron von ee Schloss Hugenpoet, near Minta y-) Picea excelsa interrupta, (M.D. G. 1906, a a Coniferae, H. A curious form ich the shoots of ev ae eae wait are abnormally short, and aron von Stauffenberg, Wilflingen, Wiirttemberg.) _— pre aes Sayre: (M.D. G : 6,87.) H form with a sein: “ike habi “Th aptens @ funnel-shaped or pearance helde, Hambu eieereus s Strausii. £49, - O: nest-like bie Grisson, ee Sasel- CGA. 1907, 410, Ste c long. Bolivia. ( a eksetague ross Lichterfelde, near Berlin.) us montana aareo-variegata. D. G. 1906, 193.) ‘form ha 96 Pinus ete Pee CM. D. @. 906, 193, slow- but ecular- growing form, eda leaves ly 1-1} in. long. (Fritz Graf von Schwerin, Wendi isch - Wiltag rsdorf, Germa Pinus i idee Miche ota (M. D. 32.) 1906, pe (CF. Graf von Schwerin, Wendi she ‘Wilmersdorf, Germany.) Pinus silvestris nivea. CM, D. G. Pah 191.) H. Leaves a dirty white- Graf von Schwerin, Wen- disch- Wilmstedort. Germany. ns paget pranonians. CI. 8: H. 7. vi. Ay ASP, ribeie ape: Ny Jas A tre in, broad, acumin or sinuate ; petiole somewhat thick, up to 1 in, lon i cae ee in spre ead cym Tahiti and Marquesas Islands. L. van ins Bossche, Tirlemont, Belgium.) Pleurothallis poeniay £158 ating ii. 28.) Orchidaceae. msely Flowers pallid, semiely: covered with purple linesand spots. Sepals 4-4} lin. long. § teresacs cuneate, obtusely angled at the apex. Colombia. (O. Beyrodt, Marienfolae, Berlin.) Pleurothallis dubia. (Orch. ii. 28.) Botta ii Batt si very small creeping plant. -edged, I-leaved. Leaf oblong or elliptic, obtuse, } in. long, } in. br and about in. long. zip tes aring 5 oblong, acute, slightly 4 lin. long. Petals lanceo- Ss eee oe ovate- more ‘ake much smaller. A B, G.) oblong. Mexico, (Munich te, ©. 154 an Ber- ethane Begs ja] herb (Kew; J, Veitch & Sons.) 7 Polysyenia: it amignebge xa i | Pterocactus decipiens: CM. K. 1907, 1907, R.1907, 27 | 145.) Cactaceae. A shrubby plant 190 7, is). A oy Ss. aptiet | with a wr tn tuber about 23 in, nee long and arching, Bee eg ae in diam. acces slightly 50 flowers, each 1 in, pals | branched, up to 8 in. igh. Areolae broad, Aretha vers mottled with orbicular to uuhe woolly. Radial pale red- brown, the upper abruptly —_— spines 20-25, white, up to 3} lin. long ; turned tack.” "Petals linear, twisted, central 2 or 3, pale brown, 2-31 lin, yellow, slightly marked with red at long. Flowers terminal, ab in. the base. Lip lon ng, geet brownish, | long ; segments lanceolate-spathulate, with whitish hairs. British Guiana ? | . mucronate, yellow. Stigmas 5, alae (Charlesworth & Co.) | Seeds broadly winged, Argen: | (Berlin B. G) Folygonum Auberti i, (R. H. 1907, 4.) i 7, | Polygon macene, "ie | er ater td Rte nese (MH. K. 190 Pe ie ion See plant with climb- | 37.) ng stems r rene nena 43 of 74-10 * 8 eee sis slender, some- mi oody below. Leaves ovate- : lanceolate, cordate at the base, reddish | pron ty: se 1 au ae rs bronze or pale green with the apex | altovathoy scarcely 1 in. long, and ted when young. . Flowers wna, | Shoat thé gkine across, yellow. Argen- reenish or rosy, in slender axillary | ting (Haage & Schmidt, Erfurt.) panicles 6-8 ng. ecies : 0 resembles P. baldschuanicum, but is | inferior to it. Western China, (Paris _ Pteronia incana. Boer H, 1907, er B.G) t H. or H. H; A’smail Compositae. | graceful much ethan shrub, covered *Pouteria suavis. (K. B. es 365; with a grey tomentum. eee s _ 1907, 260.) Sapota | whorls, small, linear-oblong. Flowe: ee with straight icant yen der _—_—iheads g0 lden-ye How: South fein, tivation hranches, Leaves crowded (J. Navello, La Selva, Nice ce.) t the ends of the branches, short » narrowly oblong to lanceolate, “Pyenostachys Dawei. . € 1997, usually about 4 in. long ~1 in. | . 18.) Labiatae, G. stout’ herb broad, coriaceous. Flowers numerous, re 6 ft, high, ong a linseed very small, in fascicles-borne. in the pyramidal re pe narrowly axils of the fallen eaves. Fruit lanceolate, ry in. long, 4-1 i is. pear-shaped, 13-2 in. long, a thin | . minate, serfa: na ee carp pinged a delicate | na y, crowded, in shies | Spillet ter- pe Droguay. (Yule Garnier, | minating alls-the dueauches\. Galrg: Bordighare, Italy.) | teeth 2 wea ciliate with long hairs. Corolla ut, in. long, eee muscarioides. (x. B. 1907, 1 U; ati Kew. 319; B. M.t. 8168.) Primulaceae. HL cobalt-blue, Uganda, ( a Steer) pg we K. 1907, Ricoh eae Phidkly sorered d with areolae, each of which M ad ae t oa oe 1-1} re Yong: of 10-15 white b es up to % lin Conti “mada “Fantaly shatee: g._ Flowers terminal, wheel-shaped, scarcely 5 lin. long, deep purple-blue; | 1 in.aeross. Peta veo Patend lobes about half as the tube, | ac nc w, becoming 7 subtrancate, egg 29 erect, Fey 1} lin. a sak Si raped oy on’ (Berlin B. G.) a ; Pcigeens re i Hesse i Spins G. | Bhipsals simmle leti. oo a a | “ toothed, : poh ‘opal oi > ; with a | ae or tae fanaloas very =r broad greenish yellow or sometim 3 ) erimson-red border, (Darmstadt B. @.) : : ‘ D:G; | had y, almos inal. Petals en wy A Beg sre aig oo | cesta a Sospeg Marple cle, Ee ssi of the type, dark red, — | like’ and very. Cm ar te Mg a : gated with gellen x a bright Cw Barbep }-3 in. a rap nice, (Darmstadt B,-G.) y, Pierriére, Gene Rhododendron Benthamianum. K. H gc nartophyllam. J. H. F. 1907, 197.) tht apl R. B. 1907, 248 llied morin, Les Barres, France apelodshdron intricatum. (G. C. re ee, Moe rere en oe 28 8.ii, 29, sing. se i, wees 2 red wait only 5 (n * 10) stamens with ellow ins of purple thers, First introduced in 5 in 1892, Japan. (Arnold Arboretu. ) [Syn. RR. indicum vy m pferi. im, ; R, Sieboldi, Miq., &e. : - "Rhododendron ag sere (kK. B 7,244.) H.H.o A new species i= uh soli C. msel Coral deeply B lobed Comat China, Rhus typhina —— Anacardi 1007, 248.) 2, FO. leaves 0 this variety are paneer er 8 ft, [=] g Ngebanss Bre &5 & So oo *Rhus 0 epee ea aee (R. *Rindera hip ge long, with 23 pairs of leaflets, which ore or less deeply inctsod, (C. raaatieatte Naples.) 2 Hi, bg 07, 10, ff 12 leaves have 10 pairs of very much laciniated Dae "(Barbier 4 Go. Orleans.) a Line Johnianus. (GA. 1907, 113,t.1560.) Scitamineae. a Stem about 5 ft. hi gh. eaves in 2 rows, aera acuminate, 8-10 in, long, 13-2} in. broad. a — rg Brae many -towe lanceolat , ac addins ” Corll: yellow, raging fonsier than the ae divided below the d TOW acuminate segments. Moulins mein. (K. . John, Andernach on the Rhine, Germany.) *Ribes mogollonicum. (2. 120.) Saxifragaceae. H. ti shrub with a habit resembling that of sanguineum, Leavy = saci usually 5- lobed, 1-3 in. acr: small greenish white, in straight pad or suberect erries ovoid-globose, purplish or Bintele eae about 4 in. across, edible. western United States. (Kew) te. pet xlii. 226, ff. 97,98.) Boraginac Stem erect, 1-2 ft. hi igh Basal 1 leaves tufted, id rg te lanceolate to ovate-lanceolat g-stalked ; cauline leaves lanceo caine petiole or sessile, all entire, grey-pubescent. oid owers in scorpioid cymes umbel- lately arranged. Calyx densely woolly, ‘5-partite. Corolla tubular, scarcely 4 in. long, reddish yellow or dark brown ; lobes erect, oblo: Nutlets ovate -orbicular, broadly winged. Hungary ; Servia. (T. (Syn. & ary; Se Smith.) Cynoglossum umbellatum, Waldst. Kit.; Mattia wmbellata, Schultes.] Rosa “yam oeripnsscer sa B. 1907, 7 allied to aaely branched an longish ° Styles free. China. (J. Veitch & Sons.) Rubus Aegellifierus: or Nov. 1907, 7, £: “Salvia — Uabiatae. G. i an toothed, glabrous, beautiful. Tere green ; petiole rather long. owers small, sky-blue, in long terminal panicles. A Mesias isin. species Central Ameri thle 1907, 146.) quadrangular, — hee ep H. B. 1907, 257, t.) saat th hp Btn rosa eating S. splen- dens. plant attains a “height of 5-7 ft. eaves la rate, with the principal ent Flowers a brilliant -rose, large spikes termir the branches Corolla mach lon, 7 ri alyx, slightly ventricose; lips sma exico. (Besson fréres, Nice.) *Salvia Souliei. ES ae va 1907, llot. Ora; 19 37.) H. A handsome perennial hate: ; ft. high Leaves dark green, rugose, triangular Flower-stems 2 hi Flowers of blue. Western China. (J. Veitch Sons.) “Saxifraga Aizoon lutea. (4. C. A el. 28.) guts oe pr H. Flow at first primrose - yellow c eeging to a creamy-yellow “Saxifraga Aizoon rosea. (4. C. Hi xli. 358, 418; Gard. Pye : 292; @. M. 1907, 412,493.) H from og: ea in having bright sm flow: (R. Farrer ; S. Arnott.) kable for eeseae Bose thread-like stolons. arrow, in oe agin to those .of S, aizoides. Flowers yellow. Himalaya. une w.) — phason (4. C. ae, Rem i "Saxifvage eee - C. 1907, ‘xlii. HH ilar to the ee gp A in ae section to 31535 99 which S. aizoides belongs. = is of tufted habit, only 1 or 2 i high. Leaves }-3 in. long, } in biced densely cover with long lowe a with w. abo cross, prominent orange-coloured stamens, Yunnan, China, (Bees, Ltd.) alone tellimoides. at, H. F; BF. ol Bare 28.) (Ph. L. d e Vil- morin, Farris, France.) Solanum ope Fal ateahg (9. GZ. 1907, 65, f. 11.) So eae. G, ligne changing in Soar tts white to a intense yellow, then to a bright a let-red. 7M, Herb, Naples.) gd meh Re oa Poca (0. F 1.) ’ aa hybrid 5 conten op A Od attleya Schroederae, (Heath igh mph rw (B. &. D. F. Ros: H. Very Uyre rnggte fe but with sessile [ Pyrus.] Sorbus Scam seem a CU. D. G. 1906, 58. ger branches wat oils at dhe es uds somewhat viscous. Rhackis of the Jeaf at first ter: enkoe oh lin, exed. bably or ting (i. “Spith, Berlin) [ Pyrus.] — oe CM. D. G. 1906, 59.) ounger branches quite glabrous. Sede somewhat viscous. Rhachis of the leaf at first covered with long or oblong, ag (ews ee ate, 15-2 in i egg densely pilose. . across, P Batic [ Pyru C 100 1907, x lr Arenens oe —— Ca. eC. 44.) Rosaceae, uch minutely serrulate. grea —— in an elegant panicle 2 ft. long pee Pieentee De ears 1907, G. €. xiii 76; G. M. 1907, 568 G. W.1907, 45.] aor oe (K, B. 1907, 31.) G. L (Cultivated i in Japan.) id Agnantd dad Junodii. (#, H. nite ates , Tugose, usually narrowed at the , Villose, wit the vein i Tec ed. Flowers pendulous, 13-21 in. long, blue- lilac, with th io the base with a linear ciicemsseliae blotch, a (W. Barbey, Pierridre, Cnonties ee Picholta 246, G C. 1907, a Ww 4 owers white, shortly projecting from the cone. Sumatra. (I. Sander & Sons,) bees A stoi es Nk M, t. 8138.) ry decorative specie “ditferi id gallica in stent enti ivent petals and in theiflenants, which are not wider at ~ base, arising between the lobes of e disk. South-Eastern Europe and ites Orient. (Kew.) [Syn. 7 Pallasii, Desv.] Tellima affinis. Were. 1907, 28, f. = xifragaceae, A tuberous- rooted plant dian: long rigid stents, lobed bright green leaves and smal graceful white flowers. California. (Ph, Rivoire, Lyons, France.) ee abe (Veitch ; Gard. 1907, \xxi. 237.) owe . high. owers eyed ae with yellow anthers. estern China. (J. Veitch & Sons.) ee eyopeia Jolee altissima. Cap, @, 145.) Coniferae. H. Gigors — almost columnar habit; branches short and heavy, hanging over prettily. (C. Ansorge Klein Elottbek, Hamburg.) ee, erate ae 45.) gs eae cya ee 8 sa broadly reg ate a aa aea. which be y full aud somewhat bet sae ta ‘CA he Klein Flottbek, Hamburg.) epereoris oe a pee ie or oa with uae branches whieh laa over arent folded. £6 aiacige Klein orletibek, Hamburg.) (G. M. 191 Rika B dei daeg 52.) 8 More soba in aimed salina North (Craven Nursery Co.; 8. Arno . hole oo L& 7. vi. ies Pp peatias H. or H. H. aya. (Kew; L. van den Bossche Tirlem ont, Belgium.) [Syn. Carduus ir ichocephalus, Wall. } apeaspidaris cesenn ee (B. M. 15.) ‘Tiliae A small sia se 7 ae obovate eg elliptic or i tae es ovate, 3-21 i ong, et iin broad, serrate. pode in Bot, May. t. 7160, is 7. lanceo- a, Mig. Central Chili. (Kew.) Tritoma rufa var. itdeda. ie H. 1907, 304, t.) Liliaceae. H. Scape 1 Flowers a France.) Kniphofe nae va 5 ee Seaton (G4. f.) rs flat (not pte the golden-yellow ee _—, horizontally. Pt lon, dane phe in the ce (Kew.) ane fom _conspicwonsly peep 2 the flower. China. Afiacs japonica. oer ae ae ii. 1, t. 101.) Urtica H. ew species resemblin ee americana in cence, A is ee nches gracefully pendent, with ean slightly zigzag yellow-green during their firs ice pe coloured. inter-buds obtusely coni- cal. aves oblong-obovate, 3-6 i long, 14-3 in. broad, unequal at th base, eee toothed, Flowers ae sessile, light red. ruit narrow oblong - obovate. Japan. (Arnold Arboretum.) —— ihe nie a Se 1907, 468.) robust plant “at vay rina cutitclas of car- mine or violet-rose flower-heads, (H. Correvon, Floraire, Geneva.) erie SE ae Boral A ear ae ran elliptic. oblong, 3-5 in, broad, ee Fone ga ontire or da a few small teeth near the apex, wisn 3-n oad: pales bout, 3-1 in. long. Flowers small, greenish 101 tg in larg mbel - like m Mt. "Smet W Weltat China, CF. Veitch & Sons.) one be ree mtr rag! soo T. § 8. ii. 33, H. t. 115. Lea andsome, evergreen, elliptic to elliptie-oblong or ova e ovate-lan- e, 1}-+4 in. long, 2-1} in. broad, remotely toothed, glabrous, conspicu- ously 3-nerved, with slender petioles up t g. lowers small, greenish white, in small 1-1 ern China. (J. Veitch & Sons 8.) Bl tn eae (G. C. 1907, xli. i. goers aes stellate ntose a2 PEE long, 3- Flowers pure white, 4 in dense corymbose cymes about 3 in. across. Central China. (J. Veitch & beeing at var. Malmei. ph. ribs of the margin to dark rose, wi sides green. zil, B.G.; F. Henkel, ' Detantatcs as regia, ‘Lindl, var var. | if serv: sso @. P. vi. 86, t. 2.) tree 18 ft. high and glabrous. owers in a short racemose panicle. Corolla bright rose, about 1 in. long, Ne (Palermo B. 7 _—— go M. 1907, 797.) mpelida slender-growing pi sen 4 plant t. Leaves i, few-lobed, bronze-coloured in autumn China. ken = nemmmacoicnnt sf M. 1907, 797, road Hs celt-cling- ueeins on sho irnpee 1a bod dark green chin sale and pubescent beneath ; fecfets ovate, with a slender tapering ss a rome laya and Khasia {[=V. hima- saya Brand., var. sandabedilts Wall.) Tecdwardia paradox. CG. C. 1907, xli. 98.) ne species fainnbline : > rédie vs, but it has narrower fronds, and the veinlets are sn tea “A giab- rous oe destitute of s lan broad. Small i Island. eoraea B. G. 1 3 get Fgh aera CG. C.1907, xlii. 161, f. 64.) Scrophulariaceae, G. viscid en Lagging shrubby at the base. Stem up to about 15 in. 102 | e | | | | high, 1 Leaves linear to oblongy. sessile, entire or few-toothed. Flowers Sus ‘Lalu- nskya maritima, Walp., but 4. Lych- stad: Walp. } Lo pot agg candida var. major. m {Ger 1907, Nice Bn ie: 3s 4 in. long, borne on tons ae os Uruguay. (Kew.) } i ROYAL BOTANIC GARDENS, KEW. BULLETIN OF MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION, APPENDIX IV.—1908. LIST of STAFFS of the ROYAL BOTANIC GARDENS, Kew, and of Botanical Departments, Establishments and Officers at Home, and in India and the Colonies, in Correspondence with Kew. * Trained at Kew. 7 Recommended by Kew. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.— Director - - + - - Lieut-Col. D. Prain, I.M.S., .L.E., M.A., M.B., LL.D., eg F.R.S., F.L.S. Assistant Director — - 7 - Arthur W. Hill, M.A., F.LS. Assistant (Office) . - - *John Aikman, i " - *William Nicholls Winn. ” 9 Keeper of Herbarium and Library *William Botting Hemsley, Principal Assistant(Phanerogams) Otto Stapf, Ph.D., F.R.S., F.L.S. % » (Cryptogams)- George Massee, F.L.S. Assistant (Herbarium) . - Nicholas Edward Brown, A.L.S. - *Robert Allen Rolfe, A.L.S. - Charles Henry Wright,A.L.S8. *Sidney Alfred Skan. Thomas Archibald Sprague, L B.Sc., F.L.S. - Arthur Disbrowe Cotton, .L.S. ms for India - - - *John Hutchinson. Assistant (Jodrell Laboratory) - Leonard Alfred Boodle,F.L.S, 1375 Wt35 12/08 D&S 29 34306 104 Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew—continued. Keeper of Museums - - - John Masters Hillier. Assistant (Museums) : - *John H. Holland, F.L.S. Preparer - - - George Badderly. Curator of the Gardens - - William hooey A.L.S. Assistant Curator - - - *William J. Bea Foremen :— oo eepeepent : - *Walter Irving. Arboretuin *William Dallimore. Greenhouse _and Oijaméntal *Arthur Osborn. epartment. Tropical Department - - *Charles P. Raffill. Temperate House - - - *William Taylor. Storekeeper - - ~. = *George Dear. Cambridge.~-University Botanical Department :— Professor - - - A. C. Seward, M.A., F.R.S., F.LS. Curator, emvorelty in | ©. E, Moss, D.Se. Curator, diversity FE, R. Burdon, M.A,, . useum. .L.S. Curator of Garden - *Richard Irwin Lynch, A., A.L.S, Dublin.—Royal Botanic Gardens, Glasnevin :— Keeper - : - Frederick W. Moore, A.L.S. Assistant - - - *C. F, Ball. Trinity College Botanic Gardens :— Professor - - = eke kts IRON, O.D., F.R.S. Edinburgh,—Royal Botanic Garden :-— Regius Keeper - - Isaac Bayley Balfour, M.D., 8c.D., F.R.S., F.L.S. Assistant (Museum) - H. F. ae F.L.S. peng *J. F. Je! Head Gard = SK. Assistant ia aeaee - Henry Wastes. Glasgow.—Botanic Gardens :— University Professor- F. O. Bower, M. A, GD, FR. S., F.L, S. Curator - + . se Whitton, 105 Liverpool.—University Botanical Department :— Professor - - - R.J. Harvey Gibson, M.A., F.L.S. Oxford.—University Botanic Garden :— Professor - - - SydneyH.Vines, M.A., c.D.; F.R.S8., FLL, S. Curator. : - *William Baker. AFRICA. British East Africa Protectorate.— Nairobi - Director of Agri- A.C. Macdonald. culture. Assistant - - - *Henry Powell. Conservator of Forests D. E. Hutchins. Cape Colony.— Cape Town - Hon. Curator,Govern- Prof. Pearson, M.A., ment Herbarium. F.L.S. Conservator of Forests J. S. Lister. Gardens and Public Parks :— Superintendent - - H, J. Chalwin. Grahamstown.—Albany Museum :-— Director - - - §. Schénland, Ph.D., F.L.S. Gardens and Public Parks :— Curator - - - Edwin Tidmarsh. Port Elizabeth - Superintendent - - John T. Butters. King Williams- Curator - - - George Lockie. town. Graaff-Reinet - . - . - *C. J. Howlett. Uitenhage - a . : - H. Fairey. Kgypt.— : Cairo.—Khedivial Agricultural Society :— Secretary - “ - G. P. Foaden, B.Sc. Gold Coast.—Botanic and Agricultural Department :— gs nag of Agricul- — eats Instructor *Alfred E. Evans. 106 Gold Coast.—Botaniec and Agricultural Department—continued. Curator - - *James Anderson. 5 - - - *K. G. Burbridge. ” - - - A. F. Gear. » - - - F. De Valda. ” - - - *Robert Band. Natal.—Botanic Gardens :— urban - - Director - - - John Medley Wood, A.LS. Curator - - - *James Wylie. Northern Nigeria.— Conservator of Forests aoe Nyasaland Protectorate.— Forestry and Botanical Department :— Zomba - ~- Head of Department- *J. M. Purves. sa Forester - - ~- *K, W. Davy. Orange River Colony.—Department of Agriculture :-— hief of Forestry K. A. Carlson. Division Rhodesia.— Bulawayo.—Rhodes Matopo Park :— Curator - - - W. E. Dowsett. _ Salisbury.—Department of Agriculture :— Director - - - Dr. A. E. Nobbs. Assistant - - - *C, KE. F. Allen. Sierra Leone.—Botanic Station :— 3 etyeba! Superin- enden - - *C. W, Smythe, Soudan.— Khartoum - Director aa Woods A. F. Broun. and For es eae of *F.S. Sillitoe. Palace Gardens, Jebelin - - Superintendent of *T. Cartwright: Xperimental Plan- tions, Southern Nigeria—Agricultural Department :— Curator - - - *William Don. " - - - *H. Dodd. oes - - - *J. L. Williams. 9 - - - *A. Hislop. Assistant - . - *T. B. Dawodu. Conservator of Forests - - HN. Thompson. 107 Transvaal.—Department of Agriculture :— i retoria - - Botanist - - - J. Burtt Davy, F.L.S. Mycologist - - fi. B. Pole Evans, B.Sc., F.L.S. Uganda.—Scientitic and Forestry we acigecrg? — Entebbe - - Director - *M. T. Dawe,-F.L.S8, Assistant - - - *Robert Fyffe. Zanzibar - — - Director of Agricul- R.N. Lyne, F.L.S. ture Dunga Experimental Station :-— Superintendent - W. Buzzacoit. AUSTRALIA. New South Wales.—Botanic Gardens :— Sydney - - Director and Govern- J. H. Maiden, F.L.S. ment Botanist. Superintendent - George Harwood. Botanical Assistant - E. Betche Technological Museum :— Curator - - - K. T. Baker, F.L.8, Queensland.— Brisbane - - Colonial Botanist - F, M. Bailey, F.L.S. Botanic Gardens :— Director - - J. F. Bailey. Acclimatisation Society’s Gara — Secretary - . - H. J. Johnson. Overseer - - - James Mitchell. Forest Department :— Director - - - *Philip MacMahon, Cairns.—Kamerunga State Nursery :— er - - - Howard Newport. . Overseer - - - J.G. Malcolm. Rockhampton - Superintendent - - R, Simmons. South Australia.—Botanic Gardens :— Adelaide - - Director - - . eset Holtze, Ph.D., Port Darwin - ‘Curator - ~ : Nicholas Holtze. Woods and Forests :— Conservator - - Walter Gill, F.L.S. 108 Tasmania.— Hobart Town - Government Botanist Leonard Rodway. Chief Forests Officer- J. C0. Penny. Botanic Gardens :— Director - - - Alex. Morton. Victoria.—Botanic Gardens :— Melbourn - Director - - - W.R.Guilfoyle. National Herbarium Gaeavinmiont Botanist- A. J. Ewart, D.Sc, Ph.D., F.L. 8. Acting Conservator of Forests + AoW, Grooke. BERMUDA. Botanic Station :— Superintendent . - - - *Thomas J. Harris. BRITISH HONDURAS. Botanic Station — Curator - - - . - - Eugene Campbell. CANADA. Ottawa - - Dominion Botanist - Prof. John Macoun, M.A., F.R.S.C. sistant - Jas. M. *Macoun Dicey of Govern- Prof. Wm. Banedens men xperi- C. M.G., L.D., al Farms. F.R.S. C., F.LS. Director 8 Assistant n uperin- tatlenk Of. Babs W. T. Macoun. tanic Garden. Botanist and Ento- James Fletcher, mologist. F.R.S.C., F.L.S. Montreal - Professor of Bota Prof. D. P. Penhallow ny, McGill University. B.Sce., F.R.S.C. 109. CEYLON. Peradeniya.—Royal Botanic Gardens :— Director - . - ine C. Willis, Se.D., F.L.S, Assistant Director — - - - - R. H. Lock, M.A. Government Mycologist - - - TT. Petch, B. A., B.Se. Scientific Assistant - - A.M. Sm — B.A, pazersiendent,. Hxperiment Station Curator *Hu ugh FM Macmillan, L Superintendent of School Gardens - CO. Drieberg, B.A, Hakgala - - Curator - “ - J. K. Nock. Heneratgoda - Conductor “ - H. W. Perera. Maha-iluppalama.—Experiment Station :— Superintendent - - C.J. C. Mee, F.L.S. Nuwara Eliya- Conductor « - D. Michael. Conservator of Forests = - - - TT, J. Campbell. CYPRUS. Principal Forest Officer - - A. K. Bovill. Director of Agriculture - - D, Saracomenos. FALKLAND ISLANDS. Government House Garden :— Head Gardener - - - - - *Albert Linney. FIJI. Superintendent of Agriculture - - Charles H. Knowles. Botanic Station :— } Curator - - . - - - *Daniel Yeoward. HONG KONG. Botanic and Afforestation siigapcinree ama Superintendent “ “Ss. T. Donn: B.A. Assistant Superintendent - “ ail J ‘ “‘Tutcher, F.L.S. * COCOA 110 MALTA. Argotti Botanic Garden :— Director - - - - - - Dr. Francesco Debono. MAURITIUS. Pamplemousses.—Department of Forests and Botanic Gar- dens :— Director - ~- - - - - Paul Koenig. Ist Assistant = - - - - - §. E. Pougnet. 2nd - - - - - F, Bijoux. Reduit - - Overseer - - - W.A. Kennedy. Forest Officer - - - - - F, Gleadow. NEW ZEALAND. Wellington.—Department of tii — Biologist - - - T. Wee State Forest Department :— Chief Forester - - - Henry John Matthews. Colonial Botanic Garden :— Head Gardener - ¥ : ieee Dunedin - - Superintendent - - *D. Tannock. Napier - . i - - W. Barton. Invercargill - Head Gardener - ‘ ieee Auckland - Ranger - - - William Goldie. Christchurch - Head Gardener-__ - *Ambrose Taylor. SEYCHELLES. Botanic Station :— Curator 4 {+ + - + = BR, Dupont, STRAITS SETTLEMENTS. Straits Settlements.—Botanic Gardens :— Singapore - Director - - - TH. N. Sant M.A., — Superinten- *R. Derry. t Penang - - Superintendent-. - *Walter Fox, 111 Federated Malay States.—Forest Department :— Conservator - - A.M. Burn-Murdoch. Kuala Lumpur. “TE etn anrat Departmen - r of Agricul- B. Carruthers, F.L.S. Moociosit - - TW. J. Gallagher. Experimental Plantations :— Superintendent « hes eee, Perak (Taiping).—Government Gardens and Plantations :— Superintendent - - *J. W. Campbell. WEST INDIES. Imperial Department of Agriculture :— Barbados - - Commissioner - - Francis Watts, C.M.G., Sc., C., F.C.S. Scientific Assistant - Walter Biffen, B.Se. Mycologist and Agri- fF. A. eta B.A., cultural Lecturer. F.L Antigua.—Botanic Station :— 4 Curator - - - *T. Jackson. Agricultural Assistant J. H. Roden. Barbados.—Botanic Station :— Superintendent - John R. Bovell, L.8.0., F.L.S., F.C.S. Agricultural Assistant J. S., Dash. Dominica,—Botanic Station :— Curator - - *Joseph Jones. Agricultural School :— | Officer in Charge - *Archibald Brooks. Grenada.—Botanic Garden :— Agricultural Super- R. D. Anstead, B.A. Agricultural Instructor G. F. Branch. -Montserrat.—Botanic Station :— Curator - - - *W. Robson. — St. Kitts-Nevis.—Botanic Station :— 5 raaery Super- F. R. Shepherd. intenden tescalienst Instructor J. 0. Maloney. 34306 112 St. Lucia.—Botanic Station :— Agricultural Super- *John Chisnall Moore. intendent. Agricultural Instructor T. B. Worm. St. Vincent.—Botanic Station :— Curator - - - *W.N. Sands. Agricultural School :— Officer in Charge - *W. H. Patterson. Virgin Islands,— Agricultural Instruc- *W. C. Fishlock. tor. Bahamas.—Botanic Station :— Curator - - - W. M. Cunningham. British Guiana.—Botanic Gardens :— Georgetown - Superintendent - A.W, Barter, 6A... B.Sce., F.L.S. Head Gardener - tfJohn F, ywaly F.L.S. Assistant Gardener - Agricultural Assistant *Robert Ward. Berbice - - Keeper - - - J. Nardamoonie. Jamaica.— Department of Agriculture :— Director - - - H. H. Cousins, M.A., eee eaten *William sheets ick. ames Brisc Hope le te Seminichdest - *William ae. F.L.S. Experi Gardens, and Mites Assistant Superinten -° John Campbell. dent. Kingston Parade Superintendent - - James Briscoe. Garden. King’s House “ - - *William J. Thompson. Garden. Tobago.—Botanic Station :— Curator - - - *Henry Millen. Agricultural aE - - N. Lord 113 Trinidad.—Botanic and Agricultural Department :— Superintendent — pe Superinten- *F. Evans. A Sridettiical Instruc- — tor. - 5 H. A. Nurse. Curator, Government cae House Gardens. Forest Officer - - - - - ©.S. Rogers. INDIA. Botanical aims lo of India :— Director “ - - Capt. A. T. Gage, I.M.S., M.A. -MES., BS, F.L.S. Officers associated with Survey :— Capt. A. T. Gage, I.M.S., M.A., M.B., Superintendent, Royal B.Sc... Fda S. Botanic Garden, Cal- fac. TW. Burns, B.Se. - - - - Economic Botanist, Bombay. TC. A. Barber, M.A., F.L.S. - - Government _ Botanist, Madras. TH. M. Leake, M.A., F.L.S. - - Economic Botanist, United Provinces, Departments of Agriculture, Botanical Officers attached to :— Imperial Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa, al :— Beng eased - - - - tE. J. Butler, M.B., F.L.S. Supernumerary Mycologist - TW. McRae, M.A., 'B. Se. Economic Botanist’ - - A. Howard, M.A., F.L.S. Supernumerary Botanist - ee Holmes Smith. Bengal Agricultural vee Calcutta :— Economic Botanist - J. Woodhouge, B.Se. Bombay Agricultural eget Poona :— . Economic Botanist - - {W. Burns, B.Sc. pelos Provinces Agricultural Department, pur :— asec Botanist - - fR. "Bse. Graham, M.A., 114 Departments of Agriculture, Botanical Officers attached to—continued. Madras Agricultural Department :— Government Botanist - tC. A. Barber, M.A.,F.L.S. Punjab Agricultural Department, Lyallpur :— Economic Botanist = - - TD. Milne, B.Sc. Agricultural College, Cawnpur, United Pro- vinces :— Economic Botanist = - - 7H. M. Leake, M.A., F.L.S. Department of Economic Products :— Reporter on Economic Products *I, H. Burkill, M.A., to the Government of India. F.L.S. Superintendent, Industrial Section, Indian Museum Calcutta. BENGAL. Calcutta.—Royal Botanic Garden, Sibpur :— Superintendent - - - ~- Capt. A. T. Gage, 1.M.S., i Sey eee, Curator of Herbarium - - - TW 5 Smith, M.A. Curator of Garden - . - * ne. Assistant Curator - - - - *R Rae " Probationer - ee - - *F, H. Butcher . Gardens in Culcutta :— Assistant Curator - - - - *J, T. Johnson. Agri-Horticultural Society of India :— Secretary . - - - - F. Abbott. Superintendent - - - - *J, H. Stephen. Darjeeling.—Lloyd Botanic Garden :— Superintendent - - - - Capt. A. T. Gage, I.M.S., mA, oe 8 Be,. F.L.S. _ Curator - - - - - - *G. H. Cave. Cinchona Department.— Superintendent of Cinchona a. ie op T. Gage I.M.S., ivation and Government Qui AG MB. §6BBs, ologist. Pig. 115 Cinchona Department—continued. Mungpoo Plantation :— Assistant se eigen oa - - 3B. Pantling. lst Assistant - - W. A. Kennedy. 2nd, . ai "ap. 'T, Russell. Munsong Plantation :— Assistant ease : - *J. Parkes. Ist Assista . »~ *H, F. Green. BOMBAY. Bombay City. —Municipal Garden : — Superintendent = - -— - ©. D. Mahaluxmivala. Ghorpuri.— Botanic Garden :-— Superintendent - - - - P, G, Kanetkar. Poona.—Government Gardens :— = Superintendent -- "- °- °° *K. Little. CENTRAL PROVINCES. Nagpur.—Public Gardens : i Superintendent - = - « 8], B. ealie. MADRAS. Madras City. ne Society :-— Hon. Secretar - “ - dy se Kirwan. Superintendent - is ade Ootacamund.—Government Gadete and Parks :—~ Curator: - re - *R, L. Proudlock. Cinchona Department.— Director of Cinchona Plantations - W. M. Standen. Superintendent, Dodabetta Planta- H. V. Ryan. tion. Saperinien et a and E. Collins. r Plantation PUNJAB. Delhi.—Historic and other Gardens :— Superintendent - - *R. H. Locke. 34306 116 Lahore.—Government Gardens :— Superintendent - - - *W. R. Mustoe. Agri-Horticultural Gardens :— Superintendent - - - *W. R. Brown. Simla,—Vice-regai Estate Gardens :— Superintendent - - - *Ernest Long. UNITED PROVINCES OF AGRA AND OUDH. Agra.—Taj and other Gardens :-— Superintendent - - - - *A. E. P. Griessen. Allahabad. —Government Gardens :— Superintendent - - - *Norman Gill, F.L.S. Cawnpur.—Memorial and other Gardens :— Superintendent - - - *K. G. Stroud. Fyzabad.—Fyzabad Park and Gardens :-— Superintendent - - - - *A. E. Brown. Lucknow.—Horticultural Gardens :— Soperinendent - - ke J. a Probatio ‘ = = Saharanpur.—Government Botanic Gardens :— Superintendent - . - - *A. C. Hartless. NATIVE STATES, Mysore (Bangalore) :— Superintendent - - . - *G. H. Krumbiegel. Baroda :— Superintendent - - - - *B. Cavanagh. Travancore oe: — Director - - - - Major F. W. Dawson. Udaipur :— eee Superintendent - - - - T. H. Storey.