TRIMEN’S JOURNAL OF BOTANY BRITISH AND FOREIGN. | Edited by JAMES BRITTEN, F.L.S., BRITISH Museum (NATURAL History), SouTH KENSINGTON. Pew S@eRIRB, VOL. X. (VoL. XIX. OF THE ENTIRE WORK.) ILLUSTRATED WITH PLATES, LONDON: WEST, NEWMAN & OCO., 54, HATTON GARDEN. 1se6i. Contributors to the ‘Journal of Botany,’ Ae Series. Rev. F. Appison. Pror. P. Ascur ee 0; GC: acide F.R.S., “ Bacwats. 7 e Bann, FR, F.L.S. Mrs. B 5. BENNETT, MA.; B.So., F.L. G. BENNETT, M.D., F.B.S. G. oot oF B6.; BL.5. 8. Beree a M. J. ~ Benen, F.L.S. & Fe ee Sane MWELL. D. Branpis, M.D., F.L.S. T. R. ARCHER Briaas, F.L.S. 5 Brirren, F.L.S. H. Bromwicu. R. Brown (Liverpool) H. G. Buu, M.D. T, Pu.D. ae pecs F, by 8. C. B. CuarKks, M.A., F.L.S. _ J. W. CuarK. H. Ciecuorn, M.D., F.L.S. J. CoLLins T. CoMBER. M. C. Cooxs, A.L.S. E. J. Cox Pror. F. Ce Rev. J. pee “Crown, M.A., F.L.S. J. CuNNA {F. Conny, F. mip 8., F.L.S. N. A. Dat ALPH. Dr Caxou, A. Désie: Pror. G. pes KizE, M.D., F.L.S. Pror. A. Dickson, M. D., F,L.S. G. C. Druce, F.L.S. A al SA Rowe, B.A., F.L.S. W . T. Taisenton Dyer, M.A., B.Sc., F.L.S. HEV. A. "E. os M.A. Mrs. Epwa Pror. A Ww a A. Ernst, Px.D. Pror. V . FARu 2 RLow, M.D. W. Fawcett, B.Sce., F.L.S8, fas G. GLASSPOOLE. . Gro +D. areata Wi i. F.L.S. F, J. Hansury, F. HF. Haxcx, Pa, F.L.S. H.C. 7, B.A. W. E. Har M. F:i:8, . Hayn B. P, ices, M.A., B.Sc., M. WwW. W. W. Rev. C | sMese E. Hopeson. lv CONTRIBUTORS. R. Houuanp. | W.H. — E. M. ee F.L.S OH. Sir J. D. eee K. G: 8.1, M.D., W. Puncares, F.L.S. F.R.S., F.L ee LOWRIGHT d Ie Howse, F; S. ced x ie cee Rev. R. Hunter. J. POLLARD A Ho — C. PRENTICE 4A. 1 + PR E. B. D. ig eas F.L. 5S. Rev. T. A. Preston, F.L.S. J. R. Jackson, A.L.S. +R. x Pryor, B.A. 8. G. 8S. JENMAN. Rev. W AS ook. SS a Rey. H. P. Reaper, B.A Rev. W. Jou W. Re H. Hatcro Jo Fomsstos, M.D. H. Reexs, F.L.S. Bouton Kin Pror. H. G. RetcHenspacu F. E. Krromexer, FE.L.S. J. Renny, F.L.S +S. Kurz }+W. RicHarpson. Rev. J. BE. Lererer, F.L.S. H. N. Riwie si B.A. FGS: EH. Less, F.L.S. J. F. Roprnso - F. A. Less, F.L.S. . Rors Rev. W. A. Leicnron, B.A., ma W. faice “Rogers, M.A. F.L.S. F.C. 8. Roprr, F.L.S. L. Lerescue E. Levirr, +J. Scott, F.L.S Pror. 8. O. Lixpsexe, M.D. . C. SHENSTO A. git W. G. Smira, F.L.S Mrs. Lom H. C. Sorsy, C. LoneFi R. Spruce, Pa.D A. N. Lun . STABLE Pror. W. R. McNab, M.D., F.L.S. I ge STRATTON, F.L.8. J. C. Mansen-PLEYDELL, F. L.S. Rev. G. 8. STREATFIELD, M.A. T. Masters, M.D., F.R.S. R. F. Townprow. 8. F, Townsenp, M.A., F.L.S. W. Maruews, M.A. Prov, J. W; TRATLL, M.D., J.C. Metviun, M.A., F.L.8 se H. T. Mennett, F.L.S. {Str W. 0. ss george Barr. Mrs. Mrrr Coe H. Tren, M.B., F tJ rs, F.R.S., F.L.8 R. Tren, W. Mirren, A.L.S. R. Tucker, M.A + RE, Pu.D., F.L.S. E. G. VarENNE 8. LE M. Moors, F.L.S S. H. Vines, YC shy Ele 8; T. Moors, F.L.S. T. Wan A. G. Mors, F.L.S A. R. Wauuacz, F.L.S8 Pror. J. Morris. | H. Marssart Warp. Baron F. von Mueuuer, Pu.D., | F. I. Warner, F.L.S. F.R.S., F.L.S. | Hon. J. L. —— M.A. C. J. Muuier. | D. A. War J. MULLER (Arg. | +B. M. Wass: {GENERAL W. Munro, C.B., F.L.S. | +Rev. R. H. Wess, M.A. G. R. M. Murray, F.L.S. | +F. Wetwirscn, M a EE A, NatHorst. | West, W. F. Nayior. +E. C. belay G. NicHoL W. gee Pror. D. Oxtver, F.R. % F.L.S. | F.Bue ieikeiee Wachee, M.D., F.L.S. ae: E. O’Merara, M.A ist Wins Pa.D. . ORR W. WIsk. Rev. W. H. Patnrer. ' Rev. R. Woop, M.A. Dixections for placing the Plates. Tas. 216 . : . ; : . to face page 1 eo a 65 ys I 2 97 » S00 end OM 129 ee : 1938 | waiumcwe. Ss. ah 321 (ae, - 858 Mr. Watson’s portrait to face title-page. Tab.216. ae Sa etait se pulvin m fulvo-viride, inferne fnscescens, facie O. rupestris vel fere O. saasdtans Caules 1}-2-pollicares, erecti, iteratim ando-proliferi. Folia sat valida confertiuscula, ne oo vel patentia, stricta recurvulave, siccando appressa, anguste ovato-lanceolata (4 )—quasi gulata— ba b utraque facie asperula, carinata, supra medium canaliculata, margine toto fere revoluto, costa intra apicem evanida; cellule superiores medie#que minute rotundo-hexagone pachydermes alte papillose, plurime inferiores se lineari- rectangule sub- Eee callie Flores mon @ terminales, innovatione mox superveniente quasi- Iecanles. “Bracte suber ects, foliis 12 MUSCI PRETERITI. submajores, basi dilatate pellucide plicateque. Vaginula nuda, brevi. Pedi — immersa, obovato-pyriformis, pallida, ore vix rubescens, riis 8 flavis angustiusculis ener cnaaulle levissime 8-costata prim distincto post siccationem 5-angulo. Peristomium uplex ; pilis simis erectis scabridis ad plicas je Andrecia axillaria, foliis celata, rufescentia, ovalia compressa; bractew sub 8, ovate obtusate concave arcte imbricate; antheridia plurima elongata pane a ata. a d itenses, in montis altissimi Hl Altar latere australi, supra predium Titaicun, alt. 138,000 ped. Angl., ubi ad saxa nive recente obtecta, mense Novembri, a. 1858, leg. Syn. * O. striatum, L.” Mitt. in ‘Muse. Austro-Amer.’ p. 189 (a. 1869 0. rupestre, Schleich., huic certe proximum, differt fructu subemerso; calyptra insigniter villosa; peristomio majore, ciliis — e cellulis biseriatis conflatis, ete.—O. striatum, L sula omnino ecostata calyptra dimidiam capsulam solum i smc ciliis 16, latis et quasi-moniliatis, longe alienum est. ay BooRHOREILs RECTARERED, tufts of a barren moss growing on crumbling ophitic shale, which was entirely new to me; closer examination at rters throw much light on its affinities, for, although when growing it sn Tortula unguiculata, the micro- scope showed it to be very different. I gathered it afterwards in two other widely separated ats but still in the same ba sterile condition. e “ wing are its chief characters :— Tufts dense and ve ‘il, greenish the lower part being of a ‘al reddish, or port-wine colour. re gradually wi ening awnedi so as to be somewhat the oi le; nerve failing a little Selwe the point; cells plane and nihbots those of the lower third pellucid, rectangular, cells 4—6 times smaller, subquadrate, of marginal cells are thicker-walled and discoloured, so that the MUSCI PRETERITI. 13 lower leaves have a red, the upper a yellowish, border. On some stems the leaves are here and there longer, forming a coma— siebably a sterile 2 flower, sa containing no genitals. (Terminal gemmiform ¢ flowers have since been found, but no fruit to this The comparative anatomy of mosses, especially as to the correlation of leaf-structure to fructification, had at that time — only imperfectly studied, and my own knowledge of it was slight. It was therefore with great diffidence ‘hat I pablsnad specimens in fn exsiccata under the name of Encalypta ? ligulata, n.sp.; the broadly-marginate leaves —— to approach it, though very remotely, iis Encalypta commutata, Nee eaving for a while the further sani hace of its affinities, I must take my readers with me to the Andes of South America about 14 degrees south of the equator, and at an asap tte of a little over 5000 English feet, where the river Pastas of the northern feeders of the Amazon, and already become a BEE hee 7 stream, rushes along a deep valley (the Gorge of Banos) at the northern base of the voleano Tunguragua, and at the cataract of Agoyan plunges down a cavernous cliff into a deep lake-like basin, bordered on each ne pike walls and fallen blocks of mica-schist— richly. clad with ; and thence emerging resumes its fume aliens course, "which " scarcely slackens until reaching the great Amazonian plain. I explored the environs of this cataract pretty thoroughly in July and Angue, 1857, and on some of the mossy blocks I found It was a taller, firmer plant,—scarcely at all fragile,—and the lower (or inner) portion of the tufts was of a brownish black, and not the vinous tint of EF. ligulata; but that it differed any otherwise, with ony memory to aid me, I could not venture to affirm. e capsule was gymnostomous, and, ‘aloe in conjunction with the strap- or tongue-shaped foliage, reminded me much of pias mosses . ha There was no @ priori reason why the Pyrenean and the Andine moss should not be specifically the same, since it has been : a Jungermania hyalina, Hook., grew on rocks moistened by spray from the Falls of Agoyan, exactly as it does in similar sites in Europe. . Bryum filiform: Dicks. (= Br. julaceum, Sm.) abounded by the Pastasa a few miles lower down, and fruited far more lux ahaally than it usually does in the British Isles ; a Tortula (Didymodon) brachydontia, Bruch., grew a little above e falls; while Hypnum rusciforme, Neck., var. (=H. wits ect covered half- 14 MUscI PRAITERITI. immersed stones in the Pastasa itself. The most conspicuous companions of the Scopelophila (as we must for the present call it) =a = fa) < ro) B & = mn ag ies] St 6a + B is) rs =. eS —_= 2 na 3 o te} e | Ss i fo) © oO R o a ed mm S oO ° _ @ = re iq?) ey nm er Ss Su (49) Qu 4 a mn ao E. oO hom F Ce S ° = 6B g 3 5 Bp fe) (=) 6B oO ™m = a>) calyptras). Other mosses were Holomitrium pulchellum, Mitt., several species of Hookeria, Frullania, Madotheca, &c. ; and minute Daltonias perched on the slenderest twigs of overhanging trees and this Andine moss and its Pyrenean congener, if they should be really distinct. His published account of the former appeared in the twelfth volume of the ‘Journal of the Linnean Society,’ under the name Weisia (Scopelophila) Agoyanensis, Mitt. He did not point out how it differed from the Pyrenean moss, but merely remarked : ‘The other species referable to this group [Scopelophila] are the Encalypta ? ligulata, Spruce, Musc. Pyr. 831, and a few others om India and Java; all agree in their rather firm smooth foliage and slender pale fruit-stalk.” (l.¢., p. 135). (S. ligulata, however, has soft fragile foliage. ¢ following diagnosis embodies all the differences I have been able to detect. It will be seen that the two Species are separated rather by the sum of small differences than b any one marked character. It is, however, only the foliage we are able to compare, e fruit of S. ligulata being still a desideratum. quam S. ligulate. Folia parum diversa, subbreviora, spathulato- ligulata rotundata obtusutave, rarius solum obtusa, carinata, alis ms \giaee. recurvulis apice e slcca apice a, 8 e magis opaca (quam 8. ligulate) inferne tamen spatio longiore—a basi adusque a medium—pellucida; cellulis omnibus planis viridi s i a 14x: ovato-oblonga, virescens, tate fusca, leptodermis, erecta vy. parum inata et subgibba, ore vix constricto annulo duplici angusto utius persistente instructa, cater g ma, sicca Vix mutata estriata parum corrugata. Calyptra opercul paulo excedens viridis, apice nigrescens, conico-a a dimidiata, MUSCI PRETERITI, 15 a basi convexa oblique rostratum, cellulis rectiseriatis conflatum. Spore parvule virides leves. irbed eran haud visi.* To resume the question of affint ' My own crude reference of S. ligulata to Encalypta is at once nies aside—now that the fruit of a closely-allied species is known—by its small dimidiate calyptra ; besides by its lacking the veaiée cloven papille that stud the leaves of Encalyptas. Miller (‘Synopsis a a. 1851 ), who rere he had pent tees proved it a Zygodon: a genus, however, which taken even in widest acceptation) differs from popraest in its papitlowés eae idete, sharp-pointed leaves, and in its long- necked, ribbed, exannulate capsule. I do not know ‘of pierre further having been published respecting it until it fell to Mr. Mitten’s lot to describe the South-American species, as abe ve diseretis. olia viridia vel flavo-viridia margine incurva, ce parvis gas areolata.’’ He proceeds to pee it into eight sections, Vi eg Schimp. (= Phaseum fone &e.) § 2, Gymnostonum, Hedw. n. sp. (ine Pie Sommer R. Br.). § 8. Huweisia (= W. controversa et site § 4. Hymenostylium, Brid. (= dino sicenaaih caleareum, N. et H. et aff.) § 5. Scopelophila, M. ‘Theca gymnostoma. Folia spathulata obtusa, Tr densiusculis levibus, orang lia propria nulla, in pedunculo gracillimo oblonge, hucusque gymnos- 8 Spe soies age Americane et Asiatice). ophila, Brid. “Theca gymnostoma. Folia lata sepe (Spore omnes exotica § 7. Tor M. ‘Theca peristomio e dentibus 8 vel 16 instructa. Folia aba, — omnes tropice, nisi pro peristomio presente Hyophile pista § 8. Tapeinodon, M. ‘Per € debresenel dentibus parvis infra os thee insertis. Folia lata obtusa laxe areolata.” (Species Americe tropic et Indie o Whatever may be rece of Mitten’s “* Weisia,” in the aggregate, . * Mr. Mitten has a second species, Weisia (Scop.) cataracte, n.sp., gathered by myself in the same locality, and probably about the base of the fall, where it was kept perpetually moist. It is a o differ from goyanensis in the subacuminate leaves, with a shorter pellucid base ; but I have no specimén of it, and can give no opinion on its specitic merits. All these se seem to me closely related, and not unnaturally combined into a single genus, except the last, ti inodon, Mitt., which is a very curious use. Exot. t. 76, a. 1820) is found in several islands of the West Indies, and described it as a new genus, Splachnobrywm, referring it to the tribe Splachnacee, and adding some new species; and there is no doubt that his name—claimi ing at 16 MUSCI PRETERITI. aes can be little doubt that the section (or subgenus) Scopelophila s here in its right place, viz., next to Hyophila, and possibly a eal ae of it ; “with some affinity on the other hand to Huwweisia and Gymnostomum. I have seen in their native habitats ies species of Scopelophila, and at least two of Hyophila; and I ca their testify to close resemblance. If we compare their Aa we shear’s no differences sufficient to keep them apart. Hyophila : e, leaves wit e and concolorous nd P. cespi cath i as i the bliege, although the presence of a peristome place it in — 8 next section, Jortularia. The calyptra is i tad | Im every species of une, and thus affords no constant epee from Scopelophil once generi a be Ler to Mitten’s contemporaneous Be appropriate regigual: fi me, YLapeinodon. (Conf, Braithwaite in Jou t. esi = co co bad is?) a} a © re -) ag oe B => co = 3 i=) Laan} a Met n cr s @ E @Q eri it nearer 7’. tophaceum than any other moss I could i different i in its Asean d nf areolate | leave es. As it diverges from the original generic W., l€.) in h i r ( in the didymodontous —— me, and in the smaller, nearly nse a 6-9 aliis par ymaticis. mixtis, marginalibus “ectangal Flores dioici, bee nes ba Bie eparaphysat terminales, plerumque andri. Fl. 9 capsule orificum mador niy breviusculi, fere v. usque ad janis bipati, mbrana hyalina velata, inte rdum in unum coalita.—The large pellucid cells of lac but i the contrary, they are usually a ve ery marked feature. In fine, if the u en 4 Splachnacee, it can only be as an outlying and very aberrant member thereof. MUSCI PRETERITI. 17 The alternative of considering Scopelophila an aptychous member of the subtribe Zyyodontee seems scarcely admissible, if all the other differences, above-enumerated, be duly estimated ; and if C. Miiller had possessed the fruit of ‘Geopeliplid he would (I ee a no more have laced it in Zyy oe than I should in or C. Miller of the Loge Pottia, Ehrh., which he divides into the four sections following, viz., Anacal. alypta, Eupottia, Hyophila, and Hymenostylium. His deGeition of Hyophila is prey —" than Mitten’s, an thus:—‘*Theea gymnostoma, rarissime peristomata. Folia plus minus lata, marginibus involutis, coned pllueie superne minute opace areolata, plerumque facile emollien fl. dioica. Calyptra plerumque angusta subtorta.—A Pottia nunquam discerni potest, nam areolatio folii omnino Hupottie est.” There is no denying Dib icliyn atural. Returning to Mitten, op. cit., we find ae not admitting Pottia even as a section, but merging it in his Tortula § 8, Desmatodon. If we consult now the ef of new bryological rere viz., Lind ’s*M ositi,’ we te the genus Tortula of Mubo, ‘Brit.— Barbula of Bevo. rman ivi mainly into three genera, Tortula, Mollia, and Barbula ; the areneat fruited 7’. squarrosa having a genus to itself (Pleurochete, and aes of those three oT is ares vs undry Schrank. Lindb.” i is ee of sates sir swt genera of Bryol. Europ. and Syn. Muse. Europ., in the following order :— 1. Barbula tortuosa and fragilis ; 2. Trichostomum flavovirens, Bruch. ; 8. Didymodon cylindricus, brach ydontius, 3 4, Eucladium verti- ae 5. can atein: curvirostrum and tenue ; 6. Weista viridula €., controversa), Hymenostomum microstomum, &C¢.; 8. Phaseum (Systegium) crispum.* * The species grouped under Mollia by Schrauk ,were—as I griber from Miller's ‘Synopsis,’ for I have not Schrauk’s ‘Baiersche Flora’ (1789) at ae the five following :—muralis, ruralis, su ta, tortuosa, and w i es therefore corresponded to the Tortula of Hooker and Taylor, and to the oni and api combini i i wig; and was sought to be re-instituted. Is there to be no limit to this disinterment and attempted stcnaheepep of fossilized NE especially o of ean most cases used by their modern restorers in a much-modified, and sometimes in a very different, Modis from that of the original propounder ? If the use of names be to enable us to divasars about things, it is plain that every change of a to the oS and tends to retard his acquiring a perfect knowledge of the sie its D 18 MUSCI PRETERITI. If, with Mitten, we consider Scopelophila and Hyophila congeners of Hymenostomum and Weisia, then they might be Mollie of Lind- berg; but if, following C. Miller, we put Hyophila with Pottia, they would be Tortule of Lindberg. e see, then, that there is great discrepancy in the views of our most eminent bryologists, and that many genera are at present in what can only be styled a state of very unstable equilibrium ; so that it seems preferable to retain Scopelophila, pro tem., as a genus apart, by the side of Hyophila, until some agreement can be come to as to its collocation in a more comprehensive genus. There can be no doubt that since the ancient Gymnostomum was (very properly) broken up, and the members thereof turned adrift, they have been —from the barren plant only—as a new genus:—‘ Merceya. Genus valde paradoxum, cum n europeo commutandum, clar. A. de Mercey, flore bryologice hyerensis et pyrenaice scrutatori acutissimo, dedicatum.”’ et he had had in his possession for several years good, fruited specimens (furnished by myself) of the dine species, which, as I have gs i ; otherwise, to his experienced eyes, the genus would surely no longer have appeared paradoxical. e of my objects in drawing up the foregoing account has been to vindicate the priority of Mr. Mitten’s name, which, whether 8 or subgenus, has a right to be respected. When an y succes who—possibly aided by ampler materials—ma judge it desirable to elevate any of those sections to the k of separate genera. - de Mercey’s name, therefore, remains available for some genus hitherto unnamed, and (it may be hoped) whose claim to generic rank is indisputable. (To be continued). 19 ON THE PLANTS OF (NORTH) ARAN ISLAND, CO. DONEGAL By Henry Curcuester Hart, B.A. Tue island of Aran is situated on the north- west coast of I m accustomed to the passage, and what with shallows, rocks, rapids, currents, and numerous windings amongst the islets, it is often by no means an easy journey. This s (northern) island of Aran is to be distinguished from the southern islands of the same name at the entrance o Galway Bay, of whose sere I published an account in 1875.* Like many other ee islands, Aran slopes eastward to sea- level, sna faces the ocean with a wall of cliffs. The scenery along these cliffs is superb, Sijsocialis that of the bay east of Torneady Point, where ae Hoods from 400 to 550 feet, rising Seanelidiontarly from the water’ The island 4 is Habiuk three miles and a quarter wide at its eotiiane extremity, and about three miles and three-quarters long from north to south. It contains 4355 acres, or nearly seven Its population at the census of 1871 was 1174. exclusively the cultivated and inhabited portion of the island. Inland there is good tain pasturage and abundance of turf an undulating waste of heather and bog. There are eight sma scattered —x of which Lough Shore, about three-quarters of a mile round, is the hee argest. The highest point in the island is Cliidaniller, 750 fee The formation wa ‘Aranmore is chiefly a hard reddish sandstone, sometimes shaly, but sree pores siliceous, and often into quartzose. The red gra of the Rosses a ear here in corner of the island; there are many ralicaiee banda o trap; ° nese and iron or psn a from the N.E.) of red granite lying on the sand- ne; these extend for about a mile at from two to three hundred feet above weak ieee and the granite oe. to the adjoining dis- trict of the mainland called “ The Ros ‘A List of Plants found in the Islands of Aran, Galw be Bay,’ by Henry Guichen Hart, B.A, Dublin: Hodges, Foster, and Co. 187 20 PLANTS OF (NORTH) ARAN ISLAND, CO. DONEGAL. ground which was still under crops. It is therefore possible that some weeds of cultivation which do not appear in my list may occur in Aran. about eight miles north-east from the locality on Aran. The Flora of Aran belongs almost entirely to Watson’s British Scottish type: Sawifraga hirta, Antennaria dioica, Lobelia Dortmanna, Empetrum nigrum, Lamiwn intermedium (a colonist), and Hlymus arenarius. few birches may be met with. These two latter are native; all the ed e following plants are especially abundant and characteristic of the vegetation in Aran :—Sedwm Lthodiola, Arctostaphylos Uva- ursi, Empetrum nigrum, and Ji uniperus nana. Arctostaphylos appears chiefly inland about the tops, and on bluffs above one or two of the lakes; Sedum Rhodiola grows in extraordinary profusion at the south-western extremity, and with the others in many parts along the western cliffs. I have never seen any one of these four plants so abundant in any other part of Ireland. y comparing this list with Mr. More’s account of the Flora of Tnish Bofin,* I find that the total for Aran is 282 species, and for nage Report on the Flora of Inish Bofin, Galway,” by A. G. More, F.L.S., er in the Royal Irish Academy Proceedings, 2nd Series, vol, ii. (Science), ON ee ee Ee Ra ee Ee Nm memes MRSC gore Tm UES Geer TN hae = pee PLANTS OF (NORTH) ARAN ISLAND, CO, DONEGAL. 21 Inish Bofin 308. The + fallowing species occurring in Aran were not found in Inish Bofi Caltha Rpts { Veronica ae Sa Carda e hirsuta oi pyllifolia a via ‘hasten 4 bigiedin {Viola tricolor ‘ intermedium Sagina apet. " Atriplex hastata yriophyllum aliarniRititn Sedum Rhodiola Saxifraga hirta Helosciadium nodiflorum *AAgopodium Podagraria Antennaria dioica Carduus pratensis +Crepis virens Arctostaphylos Uva-ursi tillus _ Scirpus maritimus Carex vulgaris tAlopecurus pratensis — Aira cespitosa Sclerochloa maritima Catabro osa aquatica {Bromus sterilis lymus arenarius Isoetes lacustris Veronica officinalis Of t these, however, Sedum Rhodiola, Corylus Avellana, Betula alba, hty miles north of Inish Turk. eig lusion, I take this nego arenes of expressing my grati- Aran, through whose kindness In c tude to Mrs. Charley of Leckbeg, Burton Port, the Co onynghame, to whose hospitality and Pes knowledge I was much the owner I obtained scsthuaniniich lg the i sland; and to Mr. Hamm urteous agent of the Maniee indebted in that most remote country. Ranunculus hederaceus, L. Oxalis Acetosella, L 7 Flammula, L. agina proms umnbens, L. i acris, L. eh . epens, ss bulbosus, 7 Caltha palustris, L. Nasturtium officinale, Br. etic oe peoies, Ehrh. Stellaria media, iginosa, Muri. Cac cetinnt elome ratum, Thuil. Cardamine hirsuta, yo - triviale, raba verna, iran, for Cakile maritima, L. Hypericum pulchrum Viola palustris, L. Geranium molle, L. i ds Robertian num, L, Drosera rotundifoli a, L. Erodium cicutarium, Sm: Polygala depressa, Wend. Silene maritima, With. inum catharticum, L. Radiola Millegrana, Sm. ond, of 22 *Ulex europexus, LL. ‘Trifolium te, Li: diu ee medium, [ + oe repens, t. minus, Sin, Lotus corniculatus, L. Anthyllis ava dy Vicia Cracca oe ane milla arvensis, Scop. Potentilla eee ee ntilla, Nestl. Rubus fr teena = (dise color) Rosa spinosissima, L. Lythrum Salicaria, L. Peplis Portula, L. Epilobium caieenges Schreb, Myeoisti alter niflorum, DC, Montia fontana, L. Lepigonum peer e Presi. rupicola, Lebel. Sedum rion DC anglicum, Huds. 9 Satna hirta, S m. Lonicera » Perilymenuam, Le Galium verum G. Sax e, Le en dis Solidago — b. Achillea Ptarmica, A. Millefolium, L. tMatricaria inodor, - # Chrysanthemum cout: m yw. alium uli iginosum, L. Antennaria dioica, Gert. PLANTS OF (NORTH) ARAN ISLAND, CO. DONEGAL. {Senecio vulgaris, L. sylvaticus, L. arvensis, L tOrepis virens, L, leracium Pilosella, Li Lobelia Dortmanna, L. asione montan Campanula rotundifolia L Arctostaphylos Uva-ursi, Spr. Calluna Mischa Salisb, Erica a » arvensis offm, om — Schultz, Digitalis purpurea, L. a, L. {Rhinanthus Crista-galli, L. tEuphrasia officinalis, L, Odontites, L. Veronica pi ernie q amium incisum, Willd, inte paeecarl Willd. ; i : na + pur Galeopsis Tetrahit, 1 achys palustris, oe Primula veldatin Huds. PLANTS OF (NORTH) ARAN ISLAND, CO. DONEGAL. tAnagallis arvensis, L. a, DL. Glaux maritim me 4, Armeria maritima, Willd. Plantago Coronopus, L. D es major, L e maritima, ; lanceolata, L } Pete ae album, L. Salsola Be pete te angustifolia, Sm. (A. erecta, Hud ‘9: Babin i pkOHit, Woods, a hastata, L. (deltoidea, Hite n ma {Rumex obtusifolias, -, » . Acetosa, L tosella, L. +Polygonum Persicaria, L. * ees L. ne aviculare, Empetrum nigrum, i {Euphorbia ar ig tae L. Callitriche verna, pla atycarpa, Kutz. {Urtica urens, L, ica, L + Salix tiever se pe tAlnus ier one Gart. L. Quercus Robur, fOievius Avellana, L Juniperus communis, L. (var. nana Orchis a i is Pseud-aco Narthecium Saaitaicihn: Huds. Juncus 8 maritimus, Sm. » comm », squarrosus, »» compressus, Jacq. bufonius, L Luzula multiflora, Jacq. Sparganium minimum, fries Lemna minor, L. Potamogeton polygonifolins ry. Zostera marina Eleocharis palustris, Br. mu inert Sin: Scirpus maritimus avil, S. oe Carex arenaria, L = . 2 n Anthoxanthum odoratum, L. Alopecurus pratensis, L. {Nardus stricta, L. ragmites communis, Trin. Agrostis canina, ing valgaris, With. sttaloue fauaena! i Aira cespitos ns L. » flexuosa io caryopylca, Z fAtileiathabark avenaceum, eau. Triodia decumbens, Beauv. Molinia cerulea, Mench. Glyceria fluitans, Br. Poa annua Sclerochloa maritima, Lindl. Festuca Sesie L {Bromus sterilis, m Triticum repens, L 7 junceum, LL. Elymus arenarius, L. Equisetum arvense, L. Polypodium vulgare, Lastrea Filix-mas, te ‘et. . = tata, Presi. mula, Brack. Adhoridni. Filix, foemina, Roth. Asplenium Soh ae L. Blechnum horeale,§ Sw. ti Osmunda regalis, L. Isoetes lacustris, L. 24 SHORT NOTES. Tue Frowermwe or Prrwuna scotica, Hook.—In the early part of May, 1880, in company with a friend, I visited the Links of -Dunnet, in Caithness. We marked twelve plants of Primula scotica, Hook., each of which had one scape in flower, During the year year, five flowered once, five twice, and two thrice. I have plants ° er mM 3 ks ® m ) Pn © iS) re) = re fq?) a is) Qu ° cy ° jm) me = © a ae =} (ere) 5° ce B © fe oS 5 or =) -B aa nm r (a) with one scape both times; (b) with one ‘scape the first time, two the second; (c) with two scapes the first time, and one the second ; (d) with three scapes the first time, and two the second. 3rd, plants which have flowered thrice in one year—-(a) with one scape each time. Itis evident fromthe al that tl ber of es on a plant is not always a trustworthy indication of the periods of flowering in one year. have one curious plant in which a scape and single pedicel stand side by side. The plant has flowered twice in one year—first with the above-mentioned scape and pedicil, and second with one scape. It was collected by my friend on the Links of Dunnet between 12th and 14th July, 1880. In above observations show that the so-called variety acaulis some- times occurs on the same plant as the species. In other words, @ species scotica may have a scape or be acaulescent, In m latest dates on which I have found P. scotica in flower were respectively 25th April, 1880, and.19th September, 1879.—Henry Hatcro Jounston. _ A New Barmse Carex.—The following note, signed with the Initials of Mr. F. A. Lees, is from Hardwicke’s ‘ Science Gossip ’ for December last. We hope soon, by the kindness of Mr. Lees, to in ed. dge exceedingly graceful in appearance, growing in tufts in deep shade, out of crannies of the NOTICES -OF BOOKS AND MEMOIRS. 25 old moss-grown sandstones at Plumpton Rocks, near Knares- borough. At first, from its narrow deep green leaves as long as its thought it the variety nemorosa (Gumnitz.) of Carex muricata. Not feeling satisfied, however, I sent examples to Mr. H. C specific name. I have therefore bestowed upon my sedge of shady rocks the name of C. Saxumbra. I hope soon to describe and figure PAUL Notices of Books anv Slemoirs. The Botanical Record Club: Phanerogamic Report for 1879, and Crypto- gamic Report for 1879 and 1880. By the Rererezs and Eprror. E have already expressed our satisfaction that the adverse circumstances which at one time threatened the extinction of this useful Club had been overcome ; and the interesting Report now referees (Prof. Babington, Mr. Baker, Mr. H. Boswell, and Dr. Car- although they do not lend themselves to quotation so easily as the notes in the Exchange Club Report. Besides the usual ‘new ° for the counties of Cardigan and Peebles—the former, containing 351 species, by Mr. H. Lewis Jones ; the latter, with 319 species, by Mr. A. Brotherston; “ the. only counties now remaining from whic lists of common plants (compiled from actual recent observation) are still lacking, are Flintshire, Wigtonshire, and West Ross.” The Cryptogamic Report, which is confined to the bryological Section, is especially interesting. County catalogues are given for E 26 NOTICES OF BOOKS AND MEMOIRS. South Devon (R. V. Tellam and John Ralfs), North Somerset (Dr. H. F. Parsons), Dorset (the Rev. H. H. Wood), Middlesex (Dr. respigny), Hereford (Rev. A. Ley), Merioneth and “oh and striated for striatulum.” We wish the Record Club every success, and trust that. no further hitch may occur to hinder its sefulness. J. B. Species, Genera, et Ordines Algarum, seu descripti Inete specierum, generum, et ordinum, quibus Algarum Regnum constituitur, Auctore Jacoso Grorer1o Acarpu, Bot. i ad. Lund. Prof. Emer. Vol. III., Pars ii. Morphologia Floridearum. Lipsie : Apud T. 0. Wetcen. 1880. A year has not elapsed since the announcement in the pages of this Journal of the appearance of a new work on the ‘ Mor- Dr. J. G. Agardh. t. In treating his subject, the Morphology of the Florides, the ly his own intimate acquaintance with @® es ho) i= ° o A S mm =x °o 4 A B or io) =} — - he describes external parts, He then treats of NOTICES OF BOOKS AND MEMOIRS. 27 Ueber Geysirs und nebenan enstehende verkieselte Biume. Von Dr. tro Kuntze. ‘Das Ausland,’ 1880 passim. (Separat- - Abdruck.) Dr. Kunrzx, in the course of his study of the geysers of the United States and of Japan, observed that the silicic hydrate with which trees lying in the water are impregnated does not harden, woods of lesser specifie gravity than water. He distinguishes between silicifaction and petrifaction. Petrified trees, he adduces to show, s i quantities of the silica-holding water of geysers and hot springs which rises in the wood by capillarity, and evaporates gradually in the air. rred in een to some extent silicified by receiving the heavy showers occurring on the leeward side of geysers, as figured by Sir Charles Lyell (‘ Principles,’ 11th edition, vol. ii., p. 218)? Dr. Kuntze, in conclusion, s from his observations fresh support for his theory that the plants of the coal-measures floated in the sea. Aa. F Revision von Sargassum und das sogennante Sarqasso-Meer. Von Dr. Orto Kuntze. Mit einer Phototypie und einer Karte. Separat- Abdruck aus Engler’s botanischen Jahrbiichern, I Band, 8 Heft. 1880. Leipzig: Wilhelm Engelmann. Tue ‘ Gulf-weed ” is commonly supposed to consist of a single species (8. bacciferum), and to be confined to a particular portion of the Atlantic Ocean. In this treatise, Dr. Kuntze conclusively shows that both these suppositions are erroneous—that not only does the Gulf-weed consist of several species and many varieties, but that itis not met with in the same spots nor in similar quan- 298 NOTICES OF BOOKS AND MEMOIRS. evidence the facts that S. bacciferum possesses no character suffi- ciently constant to distinguish it from &. vulyare. Neither the old nor the young one, which in this genus are bladderless and any, as in politics, there may be said to exist two parties of opposite views—the one with a liberal tendency, which exhibits a desire to give a name and specific rank to every observed variety, and the other more conservative, which prefers oup a number of forms around certain types. ntze, who evidently belongs to the latter class, proposes to reduce the 300 shape of the leaves and air-vessels, &c. e paludosa, Juncus lumis, J. triglumis. Dianthus plumarius is to be substituted for D. casius. Further information as to the occurrence NOTICES OF BOOKS AND MEMOIRS. 29 of these is desirable, and we suspect some error with regard os such plants as Kpilobium alpinum, Eriophorum gracile, and on or two more. Mr. Griffith notes that the middle of Sees is the best time for collecting the Anglesea Helianthemums, Hi. guttatum and pe rewert; he adds, ‘‘ The botanist must try to get [them] 3 in the morning, as the petals rae drop off before three p-m.; the flower sly lasts about six hours.” The best time to get Lloydia is nhs the 10th to the 18th of “Tune. We hope that Mr. Griffi ry Unuyetr, B.Sec., has recently eae a i tle est volume entitled ‘Rambles of a Naturalist round Folkes * to which are appended various local lists, n flowering plants and ferns containing about seven hundred species spe to familiarise children with some of the more note- WE have west the third part of Dr. Braithwaite’s ‘ Britis h Moss-Flora,’ containing the Polytrichacee. Both plates and letter- press continue to justify the high expectations formed of them; and we are glad to notice certain improvements in the siaccaen of the latter which add materially to the readiness with which the work ack be consulted. Wr e also received Mr. A. R. Wallace’s interesting volume ' Toland Life. and hope, if our space will permit, pret to bring some extracts from it before the notice of our reader: Mr. W. Maruews has reprinted from the ‘ Transitions of the Birmingham Philooaphionl Society’ his paper ‘The Flora of Algeria considered in relation to the piven! history of the ar Gar of Engler’s ‘ Beisieaie’ Fine issued in July last, nai an important paper.on the geographical distribution of the: Juncacee, by F. Buchenau, the first part of an exhaustive monograph of Lythracea, on E. Koehne, and contributions to the knowledge of Aracea, by A. Engler. 80 NOTICES OF BOOKS AND MEMOIRS. Tue last part of Maximowiez’s ‘ Diagnoses plantarum novarum asiaticarum’ contains, inter alia, monographs of Tilia, Geranium pe: Viburnum, and Iris, so far a s the species of Hastern Asia are con- cerned; and the diagnosis of a new genus of Crucifere—Ce aie om China New — R. Brarrawarre, ‘The British Moss-flora’ (part ii lbh imme 5s.). — C. Darwm, ‘The Movements of Plants’ ( —EH. Hauer, ‘ Untersuchungen iiber Diatomeen’ (Gera airchais, Kéhler),— EITGEB, ‘ Untersuchungen uber die Lebermoose’ (part vi. last.) raz, Leuschner). — Mutzer, ‘Alpenblumen, hire befruchtung durch insekten und U hire aufassungen an dieselben ’ (Leipzig, Engelmann).—L. Pierre, ‘Flore Forestiére de la Cochinchine,’ fase. i. Paris, Doin).—M. mLKomM, ‘ Illustrationes Flore Hispanie insularumque Balea- rium,’ livr. i. (Stuttgart, Koch). ie ARTICLES IN forme Novems nn. Sciences Nat. Poemaae, as Series, vol. x. nos. 2, 3.)— A. pees, ‘The decomposition of carbonic acid by plants exposed to artificial diphi ne '—Id., ‘The influence of the intensity of light on the decomposition of carbonic acid eines ’—A. Panchon, ‘ Researches on the réle of light in germinat Bull. Soe. Bot. de Belgique (vol. xix. pt. i i). fh. Paques, ‘ius of Turnhout.’— A. Désé séglise, ‘ Descriptions of French Rose (contains two forms found also in Devonshire — Rosa bankas, Déségl. & Gillot (Canine pubescnts, and R. Lucandiana, D. & (Canine Colline).—A. Gravis, ‘ Floral anomalies of the pear i the mo oe nature tn the anther ’ (tt. 2 Bot. Notiser. Plats Artemisia Stelleriana, Bess.’— 0. Nordstedt, ‘New wadih Plants, 1880.’ _ Naturalist (Huddersfield).—J, ¢ “Grifith, ‘Flora of Carnarvon shire and Anglesea’ ‘ie —W. West, ‘ Bryological Notes.’ —C. P. H obit w to examine a Mos American Nelda —W. K. Higley, ‘On the microscopic crystals me ed i in plants.’—E. L, Greene, ‘ Botanising on the Colorado Des Bull. ced Bot. Club.— A. Bro ‘Notes on New Jersey Flora.’—G. E. Da avenport, ‘ Venation of Botrychi a le Wy, vy, Bailey, : oy Herbarium Olne eyan rychium boreale. (sterr, Bot. Zeitschrift. —G. Be yy ‘On the development of Fpcbenaies '—T. von Heldreich, + Stachys Spreitzenhoferi,’ n, T. F. Hanausek, «A monstrosity of Zea Mays,’—W. > — F, i hitartin s Pla Im ‘igiitheath (contd. ; forms of Cystopteris fragilis and Palys nea i rheticum). PROCEEDINGS OF SOCIETIES. ba Bh Botanische Zeitung. — K. Goebel, ‘On the Morphology and Physiology of Leaves’ (1 tab.). Flora.—C. Kraus, ‘On Heliotropism in Hedera.’-——L. Celakovsky, ‘On the dorsiventral inflorescence of Borraginea, &¢.—A Minks, ‘ Morphological-lichenographical studies.’ Hedwigia.—P. Richter, ‘ Enquiry regarding a unicellular Phyco- chromacea.’—-W. Voss, ‘ Peronospora vitida.’—F. y. Thiimen, on the same.—G, Winter, ‘ Mycological Notes.’ Magyar Névénytani Lapok.—V. de Janka, ‘ Romulearum Kuropearum clavis analytica.’ Revue Bryologique (No. 6).—8. O. Lindberg, * Schistophyllum Orrti,’ n. sp.’ — Philibert, ‘The true Thuidium delicatulun,— Venturi, ‘ Thuidium pulchellum.’--F, Renauld, ‘ On some Pyrenean Mosses.’—Ravaud, ‘ Bryology and Lichenology of Grenoble’ (contd.) Proceedings of Socteties, Linnean Soctety or Lonpon. November 4, 1880.—Prof. Allman, F.R.S flowers were represented by elongated axes densely covered with minute pubescent bracts, the apical portions of which were fasciated. ge geographical features of the W. Himalayas as elucidating their otani ects. The mountain chain divides in!o many approxi- the southerly ones a more decidedly Indian facies of vegetation i he s and gorges, rises through lofty passes to altitudes of from 15,000 to 19,000 feet. Here, with short summers and perpetual 82: ' PROCEEDINGS OF SOCIETIES, snow-clad mountains, the flora is altogether changed, as is the fauna, man himself included. In Pangi the atmosphere is dry in summer, infinitely drier than in the Ravee Basin ; and a comparison of the plants found in the former but not in the latter area shows, by the marked atmospheric alterations and diminutions in the degree of humidity, a corresponding change in the vegetation, and birds and butterflies attest new climatic conditions. While several batrachians are common in the Ravee Basin, not one is known to change of flora, and assumes a Thibetan type. The author describes three new species, Ranunculus pangiensis, Arabis pangiensis, and 4. bijuga.—lI. “ Notes on a Collection of Flowering Plants made by Mr. L. Kitching in Madagascar in 1879,” by J. G. Baker. The prin- cipal districts in which these were obtained were the northern and eastern slopes of the mountains of Ankaratra, the highest range in the island, at an elevation of 10,000 feet or more. The flowering plants of Madagascar are much less known than are the ferns, though the collections of Bojer, Lyall, and Needer still lie at Kew a, ae partially undetermined. r. Baker describes two new genera of plants : (1), Kitchingia (Crassulacew), a succulent perennial glabrous herb, wit 8 , humerous opposite sessile or petiolated leaves, a slender scape, small red laxly racemose flowers, and peculiar small spurred bracts; it comes between Muscari and Urginea, Of sixty species described thirty are new to science. © November 18th.—Robert M‘Lachlan, Ksq., F.R.S., in the chair. —Lieut.-Col. H. Godwin-Austin was elected a Fellow of the paper was read “On a proliferous condition of Ww x behomeatise Fungi,” principally received from Baron F. von ueller. Ovigiial Articles. ? MUSCI PRETERITI: SIVE DE Muscis NONNULLIS ADHUC NEGLECTIS, PRETERVISIS VEL CONFUSIS, NUNC RECOGNITIS, Avcrore Ricarpo Spruce. (Concluded from p. 18.) 8. JunceRMANIA Prarsont, n. sp. Dioica pusilla depresso- gh aes luride viridis, facie fere a Vix asperula. oo a nulla, raro unum rato baal caulis picem eared _ Andi cia medio caule e mm, t rocks on Gisder Vaur, North Wales. (W..:H, Pearson, May, sa Planta mascula sola adhue lecta uic proxima est J. opacuna, n. sp., meipso in paxia terra s—neq | db. Botaniska Notiser, 1872, mihi nondum visa, e descrip- tione haud longe aliena erit, colore et ramification eadem fere, diversa foliis pdiitis rigidis cymbiformi-concavis vix ad 4 usque bilobis. N.s. vou. 10. [Fxpruary, 1881.] F * 34 MUSCI PRATERITIL This curious little plant, which I venture to dedicate to its indefatigable discoverer, might be passed over for a large form of Cephalozia divaricata, but is at once distinguished from that and in the absence of oil-granules from the cells. As we have only the male plant, which has monandrous bracts, its place among other bifid-leaved Jungermanie is not easy to assign. It is not unlike small forms of J. minuta, Schrad., and J. rigida, Lindberg; but its nearest allies are doubtless the two with which I have above it, viz., J. opacula, n. sp., gathered by myself in the Andes, between Riobamba and the Plateau of Chimborazo, on rocks shattered by the great earthquake of 1796 ; and J. intricata, Lindenb. et G., found by Liebmann in Mexico, near Oaxaca, where it grew closely interwoven with J. colorata. 9. Leprpozia Pearsont, n. sp. Dioica, reptans, e pallide viridi fulva. subteretes, cellulis pluristratis, corticalibus paulo majoribus, conflati, flaccidi, furcati simplicesve, dein laxe pinnati; s brevibus ineequilongis simplicibus—rarissime ramulosis, aliis apice + eae istantia, rarius subcontigua, oblique incuba, subquadrata, ultra dimidium almat fida; laciniis plerumque 4, rarissime 5 vel 6, seyolene subacuminatis, incurvo-uncinatis, basi 8—5 cellulas latis, subquadrato-hexagone, paulo. elongate, subpellucide, pariete ad angulos parum incrassato. Folia ramea minora, 8—4-fida— superiora solum bifida; foliolis 3-4-fidis.. Folium ad ramorum originem ceteris longius et angustius, profunde bifidum. Foliola i vissime stipitata. Planta ? adhue nobis incognita. Folia 05 X°45, lacinie media -85 mm. longe; cellule zo; foliol ‘3X'4; bractes g -4 mm. Syn. “ Lepidozia reptans, L.” Carringt. et Pears. Hepat. Brit. exsicc. fase. 1, no. 87 (1878). Hab. Tyn y-groes, near Dolgelly, N. Wales, loosely creeping among other Hepatice, especially Dipluphyllum albicans, and mosses. (W. H. Pearson, May, 1877). MUSCI PR#TERITI. 85 caule breviore magis ramoso; foliis subimbricatis ad 10. Leseunga unicina, Tayl. Jung. ulicina, Tayl., in Trans. Bot. Soc. Edinb. 1841, p. 115. Minuta viridis laxe effusa, raro subewspitosa, seepe muscos reptans. Caules } 1 vage ramosi, subradicellosi. Folia dissita vel subcontigua, rotundo- ovata cochleato-concava, apice sensim angustata obtusa vel abrupte turgidus, © vel spe plano, apice apiculato-acuto; cellul utule subequilatere, chlorophyllo parco subpellucide, e ngulos vix incrassato oliola distantia foliis triplo breviore--raro squilongo—semilanceolato vel ° ique cuneato, margine celluloso-erose interdum subdenticulate ; bracteola paulo brevior erecta, oblonga vel ovali-lanceolata, ad ¢_usque acute bifida, segmentis acutis. Perianthia (vix matura) involucro inclusa, pyriformi-oblonga obovatave, apice depresso vix umbonulata, teretia nisi apicem versus in carinas 5 valde obtusas prominula, cellulis convexulis parum papulosa vel fere levia. Cetera haud visa. lanta uc desideranda. Folia -15x-+08, -2x-15; ec. oi Joliola *05—10; bract. lob. -4x*2, ‘5x°8; bracteola -8x 15; perianthia *85—-4 x +18 mm. Jungermania minutissina, Hook., Brit. J ung. t. 52, ex parte (nee Smithii). Lejeunea minutissima, Spruce in Ann. Nat. Hist. et Trans. Bot. Soc. Edinb., 1849 (nec J. minutissima, Sm.) Hab. per totam fere Europam temperatam, ad arborum corticem et supra muscos ; in Hibernia australi-occidentali precipue vulgaris, sepeque L. minutissima consociata. Killarney in cortice, in primis Pini sylvestris, Callune et Ulicis (Taylor, Spruce, ete.); supra 36 MUSCI PRETERITI. Frullaniam dilatatam Dassingtom) ; supra Fr. Tamarisci—forma pulchella, flore 2 semper dichotomiali, 7. e., innovationibus duabus oppositis “euftalic (Wilson i in hb. Hook.) Anglia: Bolton Abbey, Wharfedale, ae Neckeram crispam parasitans—forma i i fol. majoribus (R. 8.) Levens Park, Westmorlandie, in cortice vetusto 7: Stabler) Ex aliis plurimis locis Insularum Britanni- carum et Galliw occidentalis habemus, semper rie N = ri Schimperiano ad Kew conservatum hw Bdbison a vide ie legit. Plantam ¢ adhuc frustra quesivi A L, ulicina longe diversa est L. eituceiun, Sm. (vera E. Bot, t. 1633, a. 1806 = Jung. inconspicua, Raddi = Lejeunea Taylori, mp conca radicelli alternis foliis—tributis; bracteis minoribus, ad carinam exalatis ; perianthiis turbinatis argute 5-carinatis, carinis plerumque cellulis exstantibus uniseriatis pellucidis mo niliatis, merica tropien plures Lejeuneas minutas legi, L. ulicine arctius affines qua minutissima. is es (in sylvis Andium "bubelbinds s) a L. ulicina diversa foliis minoribus eS be ec & ES = eS ~s oliolis minutis caule absconditis ; bracteis exalatis ; perianthiis Ader ag alte 5-carinatis. Alia species vicina est ye perpusilla, Spruce e (in. m. Azuay lecta) foliis ovato- triangularibus subacutis, aes minore ; foliolis pro ratione multo minoribus; bractearum lobo faleato-rhomboideo, &e. Alia L. aphanes Spruce (in truncis fl. Casiquiari inundatis), colore fulvo; foliorum lobulo sat minore, cellulis solum parvis; foliolis minutissimis (foliis 7-plo minoribus) ; Sdsdienn foliis minoribus exalatis; per nthiis obovatis altiuscule er Gardens at Kew), on a specimen marked “J ungermania minutissima, rope Vire,” without the collector’s name, but apparently in the handurting of the late M. de Brébisson ; my chief motive, is to correct a mistake into which I unwittingly fell many When, after Sir J. E. aay decease, Sir W. J. Hooker, at Sowerby’s request, u ndertook to edit a series of supplements to ‘English Botany,’ oe sanociated with himself Mr. Borrer, for iche: §- pia notably Rubus and Salix, Hooker, after a while, finding the task interfered with his more important MUSCI PRETERITI. 37 into Borrer’s hands, who thereupon sought the aid of W. Wilson, for the Musei and pong When Borrer entered on the office of many of the Arsen he had figured in Eng. when I visited him at Henfield in the spring of 1846 he Siow me to examine those specimens, and gave me a scrap of a few that were divisible. Among the latter was 7. minutissima, Sm., E. Bo t. 1683. I examined it, and found it exactly what Taylor had called five years before J. ulicina. The specimen is now before me, and it is indisputably Taylor's plant. At that time Borrer, and especially Wilson, a the testimony of an authentic specimen supreme, however much it might vary —_ the author’s own account of it; and Wilson would. rarely name a moss unless after compariso n with ecimen from the ostben himself.. I, as a J.ulicina to J. minutissima, Sm.; and for _ other “J. nestor which differed from Sowerby’s on n the monoicous inflo- rescence, the absence of underleayes (or Gidea. sad the smaller peel a shortly seb and not winged at the fold,—I coined me Lejeunea Taylor hee erby’s figure serpiguenica J. minutissima in fine fruit. had never seen the fruit, or even the perianth of J. wlicina, but only the ? involucres; yet we hoped fruit might be found, and there was no @ priori reason why it should not correspond to still unknown, I procured the Eng. Bot. ae ure of L. minutissima, and, comparing it closely with Sowerby’s specimen, I became con- vineed that the figure never could have been made from that monman. The figure does not reproduce J. sidchinden mee ever especially as to the stem and branches, which a ler straight, instead of zigzag (as they ought to be), wise there is a slight hint of the oto in the lowest a ge figure (of & portion of a stem, with t 0 leaves in situ). The stipules, if Present, might have been ia ; but the teed siaee of the lant being in fruit assures us that it could not be J. ulicina. The Sharp keels of the perianth are shown clearly enough, and contrast Well with the almost ecarinate perianth of J. ulicina, now that we have been able to compare the ati ooker’s ‘ British Jungermannie,’ being founded on far more accurate observation and fuller cotuuaes of the pe vgn either Smith or Sowerby could pretend to, was naturally most relied on before him specimens of both species, and have failed to distin- Suish them. It is very usual to see the two species growing inter- 88 MUSCI PRETERITI. mixed; I have myself gathered them thus, and they are associated in the majority of the specimens in Sir W. Hooker’s herbarium, especially in those from Killarney, and from Devon and Cornwall. Dr. Taylor showed me in his herbarium a bit of furze-stem, gathered near Dunkerron, which had growing on it sia species of Lejeunea, viz., L. serpyllifolia, L. ulicina, L. ovata, L. hamatifolia, L. minutissima, and L. microscopica, i.e., all the Irish species of o him except L. echinata (=L. calcarea). The in the name of a Lejeunea that certainly grew on it, but ixe with other species, it might have been impossible for the recipient to know which was the particular Lejewnea meant. unger- Crypt. iii., t. 8, f. 7, was compounded of these two species, and of a small form of J. ventricosa (which often grows with the other two, especially where the habitat is rotting wood). His description may MUSCL PRETERITI. 89 the author’s own hand—as the specimen preserved in his own herbarium; and for this very adequate reason. The older xt, the exact specimen from which the type-plant was taken, if that plant has disappeared the remainder of the tuft may consist (Web.); his phrase “ frondibus simpliciter pinnatis basi Jloriferis, foliolis setaceis,” followed by the synonym from Linneus (Mant. ii.) “Jung. fronde repente ramosa, foliolis alternis geminis setaceis i m quoted fro such a tuft, of the three species combined; but, however that may have been, it must be conceded that no number of specimens of J. _ connivens preserved in his herbarium can justify us in quoting his Tab. 69, f, 4 for that species; and such seems also to have been the opinion of Hooker. 40 NOTES ON ABBOT’S HERBARIUM. Hudson’ _ are succubous. But for J. trilobata, L., he quo otes Mich., t. 5, f. 10—the figure of a Fossombronia, apparently F angulata. ee, — such a —— were obviously mere guess- work, and many more might “si ted. From all that srectiaee it may vendily be understood how ‘‘ false” specimens of Po aboundin herbaria. I have during the last nine years examined a great many authentic specimens of Hepatice, from all parts of the chk and in the whole number about one in every three was not genuine.* Wharetore, considering how often - and others have been misled by the evidence of so-called ‘‘ authent specimens ”’ of this family, I am compelled to refuse absolutely o receive any such evidence where it is contradicted by the author’s ublished daneel eee: This is not to despise the valuable aid a NOTES ON THE HERBARIUM OF ABBOT, WITH REMARKS ON THE SYNONYMY OF SOME OF THE SPECIES. By R. A. Pryor, B.A., F.L.S. Turover the kindness of Mr. W. Hillhouse, at that time of collection has been described in in glowing terms in the preface to the ‘ Flora Bedfordiensis,’ where it is stated to be “ the admiration e hay € ‘* amiable mee Bie ory partner of ‘his pursuits and labours.” ‘“* But this,” the writer goes on to obs serve, ‘‘ is only one of the innumerable obligations for which he is proud to acknowledge him- self indebted to her assiduity and attachmen We and it seems not improbable that the “ fair associate” in question was accustomed to expect or even to insist upon such Pa exhibitions of deference and gallantry. Be this as it may, th e language inl bee ey the VS author of the Flora, to which this herbari e- si to be a companion, is calculated to excite our sitet 2 in no pceneete degree ; the expectations Le raised, however, will not be found to stand the test of examination. The collection is contained in five folio volumes ; owing, how. ever, to the immaturity and fragmentary condition of a duttsitersble n among true mosses, an author’s own specimens are not always to be relied at (as Wilson himself had fr. frequently to confess in his they much more rarely grow intermixed than liverworts, and where a patch does erworts, so with mosses, no authentic Specimen can be received in evidence which con teliRdety the author's description in its most essential aracters. eee es NOTES ON ABBOT’S HERBARIUM, 41 number of the specimens, many of which are mere tops and scraps quite impossible to determine, and the complete absence* of an indications as to the localities in which they were gathered, their value is very much diminished for critical purposes. us it cannot be certain that any one specimen was collected within the limits of the county which the herbarium professes to e names first given are taken from the sheets of the her- barium, and notice has been taken of any discrepancy between them and those employed in the Flora. It has been thought unnecessary to mark the absence of the very common and universally known species. Callitriche verna. The specimen is a mere scrap, but with ripe fruit; this has the erect styles and bluntly rounded edges of C. obtusangula, Le Gall. The figure quoted has been usually taken to Tepresent C. platycarpa, Kuetz. It would be desirable for some resident botanist to search the ditches in the neighbourhood of Ford End. aint C. autumnalis. Without fruit, and too young for determination, but looking more like C. vernalis, Kuetz., than C. hamulata, Kuetz. . polita, Fr. siete Valeriana officinalis. The true upland plant, V. Mikanii of Syme. Is not this V. procurrens, Wallr. ? , ; : - Locusta, Valerianella dentata, Poll., the variety with hairy fruit, 3. lasiocarpa of Koch. Agrostis capillaris. A. vulgaris, With. Poa angustifolia. P. nemoralis, L. : - nemoralis, The specimen is not altogether determinable, but is suggestive rather of the larger forms of P. compressa flexa. P. distans of Flora; Glyceria distans, Whinb. Festuca rubra and F’. duriuscula. Indeterminable. F’. ovina. Does not well represent the typical plant, as figured 585 F. fluitans. Exactly Glyceria pedicillata of Townsend, as might _ have been inferred tg the ramliaane to the “‘ admirable figure’ of Curtis. The plate quoted from the ‘ Flora Rustica’ apparently Tepresents the same thing. In the last edition of the ‘ Manual, Professor Babington has removed G. pedicillata as a variety from - plicata, Fr., and placed it under G. Jiuitans, Br., and in this may perhaps have been influenced by Fries’ reference to Curtis oe ave. 08 * There are a few specimens from correspondents with the usual records of bg and locality, but ra no case, I believe, do these refer to Bedfordshire og @ CYreant s o4 2D 11 , ex sn th +t ee Dad, . of Camb. p.5. ’ ‘ G i 42 NOTES ON ABBOT’S HERBARIUM, under his G, fluitans festucacea (Mant. ii. p. 7). It seems not improbable that some other of the forms described by Fries may occur in England These are not errors of determination, but the mistake arises, as in other cases, from following the accepted nomenclature of the time. In this instance the confusion is increased by a reference (v. EK. B. 2159), Montia fontana. M. minor, Gm. Galium palustre. The genuine plant. Another specimen has been labelled G. anglicum. L. ollugo. The ordinary large plant, G. elatum, Th. G. erectum. G. elatum, a smaller plant than the last. G. pusillum. A weakly lateral shoot from the lower part of the same form as the last. Cuscuta europea and C. Epithymum are correctly named. I have seen also specimens of the former gathered at Flitwick, in 1841, by the late Rev. R. H. Webb. Potamogeton compressum. No specimen, a Sagina apetala. The specimen looked not unlike S, maritima, on. n Myosotis scorpioides ;\M. arvensis of Flora. M. intermedia, Lk, Symphytum patens, The wild waterside plant, which may, how- rimula elatior. A hybrid or intermediate form, probably P, vulgari-officinalis, Gr., not of course the true P. elatior of Jacquin, Anagallis cerulea. Petals without glandular hairs. - Chenopodium urbicum. The usual form (C. intermedium, M. & K). : é . C. viride. C. paganum, Reich. Ulmus campestris, U. effusa. No specimens, There has always been some degree of uncertainty as to the i ich occur in Britai ity is, however, owing to the use of the words “‘eortice glabro”’ in the specific character; and on that account Stokes, in = algal ei eae te 2 Sissi er aR eee oe Cech eae ce) NOTES ON ABBOT’S HERBARIUM, 43 altered the name to U. montana, an ta ded a note that the vee of With regard to seca other Ulmus, it is now pretty generally agreed that U. campestris, Sm., does not represent the ori rigina species of Linnwus, which probably was intended to include all the European elms, and has no especial reference to a tree which does not occur in Sweden Still less can U. suberosa of Ehrhart be bark being aiogdin cr absent in typical examples of the small- leaved elm. It is true that Willdenow has defined the var. of his U. suberosa as with “ ramis levibus,” the lower ones only “e trunco vel radice ortis” being “ alato-suberosis ” (Willd. Sp. v.i. p. 1824) ; but this is a considerable departure from the original idea of Ehrhart, and is har ardly consistent with the phrasing of his own Species of Smith or Willdenow original a gered there could be no objection to their nomenclature, but in eac ch ¢ ere has been i the elm seminaturalised in Britain,” with “ seeds rarely if ever ripening” and “ orege! Peso ae ing up suckers,” as U. surcu (Stokes, Val , 1812). He gives an excellent haw: with full references irs notes as to the distribution of st species, and it is strange that the work of so accurate and painstaking a botanist should have Sree 80 much overlooked. Gentiana campestris. No spec The specimen of Bunium pa ‘had been originally ticketed as Bulbocastanum. * As an instance of be sper careful animus in small matters oo his note, E. B. 2161:-—«We ought at U. montana, t. 1887, to have quoted S = Brit. 282 after Bauh. Pin . 427 ; ;” and charebie before the reference to Wither ing. + The sole distinction bs gba si characters of U. nuda and U. suberosa, Eh th. +, Tesides in * rami reacbesie of the former, and “ sub- erosis” of the latter. Cf. Willd. Sp. ¥. i, p. 182 , 44 NOTES ON ABBOT’S HERBARIUM, Sium repens. Nos lenanthe tpedeegiin ob aile Oe. silaifolia, Angl. Nyman, in his ‘ Conspectus,’ has again referred the British plant to Oe. peuce- danifolia, oe wi Mie tricts Oe. silaifolia, M. B., to the south ene south-east of Eur A specimen of Oe. Lachenalii, Gm. (no the Flora), has Bay labelled Sison verticillaty um. Phellandrium aquaticum. Ocenanthe Phellandrium, Lam., and not Oe. fluviatilis, Colem.., te anuerens does occur in the ¢ county, Cicuta virosa is correctly med. Pimpinella dissecta. The fie leaved form of P. Sawifraga, L and not that of P. major, Huds.,* which has since been found in the county. Drosera longifolia. No specimen. D. anglica is eonreatly named. bape articulatus. The name hasbeen altered fro m compressus. specimen is almost certainly J. lampocar; pos, Ehrh., to which select Smith (E. B. 2148) has referred Abbot's oon in spite of the latter’s quotation of his own earlier figure (E.B. 2 wi He may not improbably have seen Bedfordshire specimens, seems rather curious that Sir J. D. Hooker, in the ‘ Students Flora. ent look upon “ psig ay Reichard,+ “ s-eepedially | the articulatus “ proper of neus, in opposition to the opinion of almost all other bolenicte, and » the teeth of the Linnean character, « petalis obtusis.” (Sp. Pl. 465 5.) J. bulbo bosus J supinus, Moen (A specimen labelled J. acutus ig 3 Scir pus maritimus, L.) J. silvaticus. — vernalis, DC. J. pilosus. Same a ] st. Rumex sanguineus. No pecimen. R. ae - &. conglomeratus, Mur Alisma Plantago. The usual plant with cordate leaves. oe uw angustifolium. The garden escape, /’. brachycarpum, . el a tetragonum. ‘The restricted plant. E. palustre. Correctly nam ed. Polygonum minus. No sp Stellaria media. The praca specimen is correctly deter- mined, S, palustris, Ehrh., Retz.§ ; but an example of S. graminea, Mm. C. semidecandrum. Error of name. *P. major, Huds., Fl. Angl. 110 (1762). P. magna, L., Mant. ii. 219 ae, tJ. silva oe Reichard, Fl. Men.-Fr. ii. 181 (1778); J. acuti Ehbrh. Beitr. vi. 82 (178792), ‘ maa sig gs ge vernalis, DC. Fl. Fr. iii. 160 (1805). L. pilosa, Willd. Enum. 393 ( - pa lustris, Retz. Prodr. Fl. Scand. ed. ii. n. 648 (1795). S, glaue: ‘ith. Arr. ed. lii. p. 420 (179) 6). 8S. media, Sibth. (fl. ox. p. 141 (1794), is inadmissible, as it had been previously employed for another species of the same NOTES ON ABBOT’s HERBARIUM. 45 C. pumilum. No specimen. Spergula arvensis. 8. vulgaris, Bngh. pecimen. unnamed specimen of a Thalictrum (vol. iv., no. 184) seems to be precisely the Hertfordshire plant from Royston Heath. This —from the compressed 10-ribbed achenes, not at all ovoid, but ‘ gib- stem (which is, however, compressible, at least when dry) leafy all but to the very base—is certainly, I believe, the 7. majus of the ‘Student's Flora,’ and the 7’. flecuosum of the sixth edition of the 13 : . . rin ee Jacquinianum, Koch. (Syn. ed. ii. p. 5 and 1015, 16), the descrip- tion of which applies in all particulars, while there seems to be Ww has usually been placed under 7’. minus, L., Sm. 4 Ranunculus hirsutus. R. sardous, Crantz, Stirp. Austr. fase. ii. Pp. 84 (1763); R. hirsutus, Curt. Fl. Lond. f. ii. t. 40 (1778) t; ht. philonotis, Ehrh. Beitr. 1788, ii. 145. The identification of to the research of M. Aug. Gras (Bull. Bot, 1862, p. 824), and has been accepted by Grenier (Fl. de la Chaine Jurassique, p. 21), and Nyman in his ‘Conspectus.’ I subjoin Crautz original description :—“ Ranunculus sardous. R. foliis radicalibus apii_trilobis, fructu rotundo. R. palustris apii folio lanuginosus. - B. Pin. 180. 2. IL. species vel sardous. Cordi Hist. fol. 119. R. se epit. 881. Icon. R. secundus. B. in Matthiol. fol. 458. Abundat tota Austria. Observatio I. | A rotundus, seminibus compressis, simpliciter apice acutis, in capi- tulum collectis visitur. Calyces lanuginosi, colorati, reflexi, flos parvus, gummeo nitore splendens, exiguo ungue maculatus. Obs. Il. Semina in plerisque ranuncalis apicem habent reflexum, semen in SiGe were ee ee *T look upon 7. saratile of the ‘ Manual’ as an altogether imaginary plant. f It has usually been held that Curtis commenced his great work in 1777, but in a MS, note of Pulteney's, in his copy of the first edition of the ‘ Flora first no. of the « Flora Londinensis ’ was published in May, 1775.” The date 1777 in the title-page to the first volume is that of the completion of the first Fasci- culus. Stokes gives 1776 for the first publication. 46 A NEW HONG-KONG MELASTOMACEA. nostro sardoo habet apicem sur sum titrant que nota preter unc satis ab aliis separat.” (Cran toy The observation on _ achenes will be at once understood ‘by a reference to . In oie respects the figure quoted fro m Camerarius is a saftiiently good feprossntasen: of our plant. reece name is quoted also, as a synonym, by Koch and Decando . hederaceus. Batrachium hederaceum, Gray, the form with floating leaves. . heterophyllus. Apparently Bs. antes deen: Gray, but in- cluding also a specimen of B. aquatile, Desm m Chamedrys. Correctly tliat een. r. Melissa Calamintha. Calamintha ascendens, Jord. This is also the Hertfordshire ry and has smaller flowers than C. Nepeta, Clairv. Cf. the quoted figure from Blackwell. Euphrasia Odontites. Probably Odontites verna, Reich. Draba muralis. Correctly named. This was not wii by Abbot melts after the publication of his Flora. It seems to have occurred as a casual also on the Continent. (Cf. ‘ Grenier Flore de la Chaine Jurassique 2. Cardamine hirsuta, C. parviflova, and C. fleauosa, With. Erodium moschatum. No specimen. The E.B. figure was, however, as in the case of Draba muralis, drawn from a plant sent by Abbot. An unnamed specimen of /. commixtum, Jord., probably repre- sents F. rinpietaolion ¢ the Flora. Should not Sibthorp’s name be kept up for this plan for) ye be continued.) A NEW HONG-KONG MELASTOMACEA. By H. F. Hance, Pu.D., &c. Avonest a number of new plants which Mr. Charles Ford, the able and energetic ir of the Hong-Kong Botanic Gardens, has within the last few years detected, one of the most interesting i is the subject of the present notice. It was first met with at the close of last March, growing in one locality only, near it generally, it sufficed to show that it was different from any Chinese Melastomad hitherto recorded. In the middle of July, Mr. Ford, who kept his eye steadily on the locality, was rewarded by finding the plant in full bloom, and the specimens he placed at my disposal showed it to belong to Otanthera, a small genus, of A NEW HONG-KONG MELASTOMACEA. 47 which the few known species* are met with in Burma, the Malayan Archipelago, the Philippines, and Eastern Tropical Australia. It is very distinct from all heretofore described, especially in its indumentum; but, on account of its fruit being, 1e flowers are sometimes, though rarely, tetramerous, and the cells of the ovary, as depicted by Blume in 0. moluccana,§ are surrounded by double their number of large cavities, which in the present plant are nearly twice the size of the cells themselves. llowing diagnosis is drawn up from excellent materials, communicated by the discoverer of this interesting plant, to whom I have great pleasure in dedicating it :— denticulatis utrinque opaci sparsim hirtellis sub lente unctis impressis minutissimis confertissime nsitis subtus pallentibus pilis glandulosis creberrimis tectis erviis nervis 14 linealibus persistentibus, petalis orbiculari-ovatis acuminatis roseis 4 lin. longis, filamentis quam petala duplo brevioribus, antheris arcuatis subulatis basi antice 2- postice 1-calcaratis calcaribus parvis obtusis patentibus, stylo ad medium ant erarum adtingente, capsula crustacea glabra, vertice dehiscente, seminibus minimis pallide brunneis. : In fruticetis ins. Hong-Kong, mense Julio 1880, collegit C. Ford. (Herb. propr. n. 21099.) There is considerable discrepancy in the number recorded by different Blume (Mus. bot. Lugd.-Bat. i., 56) gives four, Naudin (Ann. Se. at. 3e sér. xiii., 352) five, Miquel (Fl. Ind. bat. i., 1, 515) six, Bentham and er i _| Les genres Melastoma et Otanthera font exception dans le groupe des Mélastomees & graines courbées en limacon, par leur fruit pulpeux. (Triana, in Trans. Linn, Soc., xxviii., 164 § Mus. bot. Lugd.-Bat. i., t. 20. 48 NOTES ON SHROPSHIRE PLANTS. By Wriuum E. Brecxwira. a richer field for the botanist, than Shropshire; its hig destitute of trees, like the Clee Hills, ongmynds, the Stiper stones, and the Caradoc; or clothed with woods, like the Wrekin,—its other great tracts of woodland; the Rivers Severn, Tern, and Teme, with innumerable brooks, streams, and reservoirs; the meres near Ellesmere; the mosses near Whitchurch and Few counties in England present a more diversified surface; or hills, still flourishing in localities instanced by him, and bearing mute found by myself or sent me by friends since tha ‘ _T have followed the arrangement and nomenclature of Syme’s edition of ‘English Botany.’ Thalictrum flavum, L. Banks of the River Tern, and ditches in Attingham Park; banks of the Severn near Leighton, Buildwas, and Bridgnorth, Ranunculus hederaceus, GL Church Stretton, Frodesley, Wealdmoors, and Leighton. fi. sceleratus, L. Very frequent about Ellesmere and Berrington, FR. Lingua, L. Bomere Pool, near Shrewsbury; Colemere and Whitemere Meres. R. auricomus, L. Frequent in woods round the Wrekin. R. parviflorus, L. On Charlton Hill, Wroxeter. R. arvensis, L. Common in fields near Eaton Constantine, Leighton, and round the base of the Wrekin, Helleborus viridis, L. Homer Common, near Much Wenlock ; apparently quite wild. H. fotidus, li. Several plants of this species still grow by the road leading from Much Wenlock to Buildwas, a locality mentioned by Mr. Leighton in his ‘Flora of Shropshire.’ ilegia vulgaris, L. Wood between Cound and Evenwood ; wood near Buildwas Bridge. guilt ts only began them in 1876, and have only included the rarer plants te - Small pools and ditches about Atcham, Ellesmere, Eyton-on-the- NOTES ON SHROPSHIRE PLANTS. 49 Berberis vulgaris, L. Found in woods and hedges near Ludlow and mre 4p alba, LL. Berrington; Bomere, Almond, and Hencott eres Nuphar lutea, Sm. Found in the same places as the last species, and in the River Tern at ‘Attin Ingham [Corydalis solida, Hook. have seen specimens from woods near Cruckton Hall, where it is naturalized. Mr. R. M. Sergeant- son has also shown me iar gathered by the brook flowing C. claviculata, DC. Very frequent in the woods on and rou und the Wrekin. I have also seen specimens from Frodesley, Church Stretton, and Acton Burnell. Raphanus Raphanistrum, L. The white-flowered variety of this eit bri grown for several years in a field near Eaton Con- stant. Beasiba tenuifolia, Boiss. Very frequent on walls in the town of Ludlow. Cardamine amara, L. Very cn by the numerous small streams that run from the Wrekin to the Severn. I have also found it in Attingham Park, near Cantlop’s Cross, near Cressag age, and by the sides of Cound and Shineton brooks. This species often pox in woods, usually in shadier places than C. pratensis. vatica, Link. Frequent and very somvenres in a ‘small wood on th bank of ne Severn near Eaton Constantin C. impati. . M. Sergeantson brought ey specimens of this. ptr a from near the Caradoc Hill, in the summer of 1880. Arabis thaliana, L. Frequent on dry sandy and gravelly banks; vies A common on walls and rocks near Bri dgn Barbarea vulgaris, R. Br. Not unfrequent along the banks of the Severn and Tern; by Cound and Shineton brooks, and about the Ellesmere Meres. . — tium sylvestre, R. Br. Very frequent along the banks of e nate NV. palustre, DC. Banks of the Severn near Cressage ; sides of ea ry under Oteley. - amphibium, R. oun Right bank of the Severn, between Atehaim and Brompto aspt arvense, ty Comm a Deel, parish of Wroxeter, es ial about Charlton Hill and : ‘ees dalia nudicaulis, R. Br. — about the High Rock, Bri iene’ near Charlton Hill, Wroxeter. ; Lepidium campestre, R. Br. Most abundant in cultivated fields round the Wrekin. thit, Hook. ‘con Rock, and near Dryton, Wroxeter; teseda Luteola, L. Or yecrumit oo ruins and gravel-pits. Very numerous about lime-works and coal-pits. Viola palustris, L. Frequent in rene woods near Bomere Pool, H 50 NOTES ON SHROPSHIRE PLANTS. _ V, odorata, L. The white variety is — wg — and Llynclys; and a lilac variety grows near Dryton, Drosera rdsoditelia L. A few plants in a field at — snag west base of the Wrekin; frequent on the Longmynds, on mosses near Bomere Pool, on Whixall Moss, and on a moss near Welsh- ham anglica Huds. Rather frequent on a moss near Welsh- hampt D. Sates media, Heyne. Frequent on mosses near Bomere Pool, and on Whixall and Welshhampton mosse Dianthus deltoides, L. Frequent near Dryton, Wroxeter D, plumarius, L. Old wall in the town of Ludlow, where it has grown for more than fifty cs a ruins of Haughmond Abbey. Saponaria officinalis, L. Limestone quarries near Much Wen- lock ; hedge at Allfield, near Condover. Silene Eafaton Sm. Dry sandy banks and hilly ground; frequent about Berrington, Charlton Hill, Much Wenlock, and Leighton \te near a, With. Ditch in Attingham Pak gr we of Ellesmere a trinervia, L. Woods and hedge-banks, very frequent, pee oi on light sandy soils. sane nodosa, EK. Meyer. A few plants near Colemere Mere, Ellesmer Sper aus rubra, Fenzl. Charlton Hill and Eyton Rock, Wroxeter; Atcham Bridge. Montia nen L. Frequent about the Ellesmere Meres. I have eee oud on Charlton Hill, Grinshill, near Craven Arms, and ei Teitonlé perfoliata, Don. I have specimens of this plant from Ryton, near Shifnal, where it is perfectly naturalized.] Elatine hexandra, DC. m ol, Whitemere Mere. _ Hypericum Androsemum, L. Frequent, and sg Aces wild, in woods round the Wrekin. have also found it growing near pound, Kenley, Acton Burnell, Stokesay, and Downton Hall, y Ludlow. ott. calycinum, L. Quite naturalized near Eyton Rock, Wrox- ete: ". perforatum, L. Hedges and woods, everywher H. dubium, Leers. Hedges and woods; very rit found about the Wrekin BE, tite apterum, Fries. Wet boggy places, and by brooks and tehes; not uncommon about Eaton Constantine, Leighton, “ington ee ; eet: L. Frequent on high ground. I have found it on the gmynds, near Stokesay, Bridgnorth, the Wrekin, Eaton dae aps 2% Bomere, and Elle it ere. “ H pulehrum, L. Woods pea the Wrekin, on Wenlock Edge, and near Cound; very frequen FERNS OF JAMAICA. 51 Hf. hirsutum, L. Woods and hedges, frequent ; eres common on os limestone about Much Wenlock and Buildwa - montanum, ery rare. In 1878 I rites several Scones oe near Stokesay, on the hill where Astrantia major grow Elodes, L. By the side of Bomere Pool. Malva moschata, L. Dry sandy banks; occurs in many places along the banks of the Severn [Linum usitatissimum, L. A few plants in fields near Acton Burnell. ] Geranium pratense, L. Banks of the Severn, about Bridgnorth. G. pyrenaicum, L. Frequent in the town of Bridgnorth and about Cound. I have also found it at Shelton, near Shrewsbury, and near Shifn A aa pusillum, Li Very frequent about Cound, Berrington, and on G. sitet, L. Not unfrequent on dry gravelly banks. Occurs near oe Condover, Buildwas, Leighton, Cressage, and eee I have seen oxy ‘also near Church Stretton, Acton ca wr ten Uppington, and the Bulthy Hill near Middletow: ete cicutarium, L’ Herit, Very frequent boa Bridgnorth and Shifna men re Noli-me- -tangere, L. Mr. R. Sergeantson has brought me several specimens of this plant, high grows apparently wild near eiienete Burnell. “uonymus europeus, L. Frequent in hedges near Eaton Con- stantine ge Crap gegen and in woods round Much Wenlock, Cound, and Ellesm siamo tithaseddels, L. Frequent in a wood between Cound an Fah R. Frangula, L. Frequent about sie ager and Blackmere Meres, near Ellesmere; occurs also on Shomere Moss, near Church Preen, and at the foot of Wanteds. Hill. (To be continued). THIRD SUPPLEMENT TO THE FERNS RECORDED IN GRISEBACH’S ‘FLORA OF THE BRITISH WEST INDIES.’ By G. 8. Jenman. Havine left Jamaica, I now add to my previous contributions to the * Totenid of Botany’ on the fern flora of the island (vide vol. vi., new series, page 268, and vol. viii., page 257), a few hitherto unrecorded plants which have come under my observation. I wish at the same time to thank Mr. Baker for tr kindness from time to time in comparing and determining at Kew my gatherings, without Which service these papers would posed little if any value Temoved as I have ¢onstantly be lab far from access to any collection of properly authenticated specimens. The series contains upwards of one hundred and twenty species and varieties 52 FERNS OF JAMAICA. as Jamaica has been explored by botanical collectors. I hope to complete during the present year a handbook of the fern flora of the island, which has been in progress for some time, giving, in addition to precise descriptions, the range of each species, and, if limited or rare in its distribution, the locality or localities where found; and much other information gained in the woods in the charm of which is irresistible - Cyathea arborea, Sm., var. concinna, Baker.—Pinne much nar- os 2; common plant in the forest below . . . 5 ae like, diffuse, spreading over the surface of large stones, puberulous; fronds membranous, scattered, 1-2 or 8 lines long, varying in shape from orbicular to linear; stipites 4-4 line long; veins fine, close, FERNS OF JAMAICA. 53 patent, with . without spurious venules between ; midrib more or less distinct to the apex, where in the fertile fronds it terminates t arn ; iate, with stellate hairs, uneven, repand ; in wet gullies, 4000-5000 feet altitude. ASPLENIUM (Dietazium) piuinutum, Baker MSS8.,n. sp. Roo stock short, creeping, 1-2 lines thick, the advancing point clothed with small dark- coloured scales; stipites apart, but not distant, 4-9 inches long, rather slender, greyish, channelled, naked or with a few deciduous scales at the base; frond lanceolato-acuminate o: ovato-lanceolate, 5-9 inches long, 24-5 inches wide, the lowest pinne not reduced or slightly ne bi-tripinnate, pinne an pinnule rather distant, the form r 14-3 inches long by 3-13 wide, serrato-acuminate, petiolate, the latter ovate-oblong, obtuse, ong, and cuneate below; texture thin, colou k green; surfaces naked ; ee veins forked; sori copious, the inferior double, reaching from nidri to the _— teeth; involucre dark, s slender above (No 1879). Rare on wet rocks at 2000-3000 feet altitude, Hypolepis Purdieana, Hook., is a much larger plant than has sortie been supposed, from 2-4 feet high, and approaches H, rep y the unarmed variety of that species Aagpe ‘mis, Hk.), which ie et le on rock-strewn ground and coffee plantations of the Port Royal Mountains, at from 3000-5000 feet altitude. It is well marked by a few characte ers, such as its viscid fibrillose surface, herbaceous texture, castaneous stipes, and other vascular parts. It is, however, doubtfully distinct from H. repens, which again can only be distinguished from Polypodium punctatum, Thunb., 5 PY the presence of an involuere and its prickly pale-coloured stem Pteris sense Retz., var. felosma, J. Sm P. quadriaurita, Retz., var. affluentius. —Buds densely coated with firmly adpressed, minute, greyish scales; stipites 2-3 feet . feet is so well marked—contras ing in several features with the (local) hormal gm it cannot be overlooked in dealing simply with sisi and cutting of the same ‘lent I have savseal & times Pe both from the same individuals. _ Asplenium ue aor um, Linn., var. ca hua — Habit ee bipinnate ; pinnule small, 2-8 line es long, ovate or obovate-cun subincised. Rakambiing A. rutaceum, Mett., te of looser habit, with longer stipites Acrosticuum srLiquowes, Jenman, n. sp.—-Rootstock short, fibrous, 54 SHORT NOTES. clothed with bright ferruginous subulate scales; stipites cspitose, numerous or few, dependent, 2-4 inches long, thickly clothed with long hair-like glossy golden scales; fronds linear-oblong, sub- sinuate, 4-10 inches long, + to nearly 1 inch wide, bluntly pointed, gradually tapering into the petiole, thickly clothed, particularly before maturity, on both surfaces with cuneate scales; texture m, rather thickish; veins parallel, nearly 1 line apart, simple and forked; fertile frond short, ovate-elliptical, at first folded together with even margins, expanding eventually; petioles long (No. 6, 1877, Herb. Kew). Infrequent on open banks from 2500-5000 feet altitude. Distinguished from A. villoswm, Sw., by e narrower, thicker, more hairy, barren frond, and difform, spoon-shaped, pod-like, fertile frond, and a peculiar astringent smell. Considered by Mr. Baker a variety of A. villosum; I, on the other hand, look upon it as a peculiar and particularly well-marked lan a long-winged sinuato-repand tail, having one or more scaly buds SHORT NOTES. PoramocETon LANcEoLATUS, Sm. (see p. 11).—I have received HE 8g g a the following from Prof. ries, of Upsala, concernin c ntl en of this plant which I sent to him rec : an inform you that this interesting plant is quite di P. nigrescens, Fr atter is near to, and probably not distinct amplexicaul. In P. lanceolatus they are all narrowed to the base or even stalked.—C. C. Basineron. Osmunpa RrEGauis, L., IN CaMBRIDGESHIRE.—Osmunda regalis has been excluded by Professor Babington from the Cambridgeshire : tke: not give the locality in his Synopsis nor elsewhere.” But Dent’s statement is confirmed indirectly in the second edition of the Synopsis, p. 18, where the “ Fungus fontanus purpureus elegans, D. Vernon,” is localised “ at Gamlingay, in Cambridgeshire, where the Filiw florida grows.” The Osmunda is therefore entitled to a place among the extinet plants of the county.—R. A. Pryor. SHORT NOTES, 55 Er RYNGIUM CAMPESTRE IN SurrOLK. eye ay a by Mr. = name in a list of ballast-hill introductions, but its endurance for nearly ae hundred years in the same locality at Friar’s Goose might have given it a right to a less unceremonious dismissal. Every fresh locality along our thn will add a link to the chaiu of confirmatory evidence, nor is it a solitary instance of a plant of general naditineital distribution tit is restricted, or nearly so, to the coast line in Britain. Eryngium campestre was collected about pt -and-twenty years back, and on more than ep occasion, ee the it i his residence at aisha cire. 1697. Loving or Lothing land, the Ludinga land of Domesday, is that northernmost ar of Suffolk which is included between the estuaries of the Yare and (Lake Lothing) the Waveney ; ee pebebby: remains dhe ‘to reward the explorer.—R. A. Pry Scmrus marrrmus, L., 1x Berxsume.—I find that I have omitted to place on tuted that a specimen of the above-named plant was brought to me in 1873 by Mr. F. Walker, who had col- lected it in August of that year at Marcham, near Abingdon. My attention has now been drawn to it in consequence of my having found a specimen in Rudge’s herbarium labelled ‘‘ Sonning, Berks.” These localities are, of course, quite distinct; and as the plant is not recorded for the West Thames subprovince in ‘ Topographic: Botany,’ or, so far as I can ascertain, elsewhere, its occurrence in these inland stations seems worth noting.—James Barren. Prants or East Cornwatt.—On looking over my botanical work for mah last year or two I find the following + og for which ere is a record as growing in this district ei ‘ Topo- — Botany’ or in the ‘Journal of Bo tany.’ ta tiful in d 28 g oO bt 2 &, iS bo = =o @ "7 @) y = ms > = ze re. B a iS rg, also ratton-Clovelly, North Desa: June, ron Neottia Nidus. -avis ; a few plants ; Week S. Mary, June, 1880.—W. Wise. * This is _ Fechner to his MS. Flora, now way yee separated from the herbarium to which it is the key by the removal of the latter from the British Modinen s to ihe new Natural History Museum - South Kensington. 56 NOTICES OF BOOKS AND MEMOIRS, s THE Dunwich Rosr ?—Among the ‘traditions of the ancient city of St. Felix, whose crumbling ruins have for centuries s ns and h dark green leaves, growing like the blackberry leaves, for which at took them.” (E ish in ‘ Fraser’ i found with pink flowers at Framlingham, once the stronghold of the Bigods, but this igs hardly consistent with the account in Fraser.—R. A. Pryor. Se Ss Extvacts and Notices of Books and Memoirs. REPORT OF THE HERBARIUM OF THE ROYAL GARDENS, KEW, FOR 1879. By Sir J. D. Hooxer, K.C.8.1., &0.* Hereartum.—The most important accessions to this depart- ment consist of :—A very complete set of the plants collected in imself. I , formed by Prof. Macoun, of Belleville, the joint property of that gentle- man and of the Canadian Commissioners of the Paris Exhibition. wAen on a mission to the Pacific Islands to procure sugar-canes, pie Dace Ce bie Aerated SM eee OGD Aa ar 2 Seems necessary to state, as accounting for the appearance of this abstract so long after date, that the Report, although dated Jan. Ist, 1880, did not actually appear until the latter end of October of that year.— Ev. Journ. Bor. J NOTICES OF BOOKS AND MEMOIRS, 57 A continuation of M. Glaziou’s Brazilian collections (nearly 1500 ota, also of Welwitsch’s West African tag presented by the Government of Po rtugal; and the completion of Brown’s Australian Herbarium ; the British Herbarium of aie Botanical Exchange [Record] Club; a very fine collection of European Roses and Rubi from G. C. Joad, Esq., ie + vodom The principal ae ee have bee Evrorr.—Bennett, A. he Polya , (9). Botanical Record Club; Tashasian - Coo » 0.5, British and miscellaneous Heldreich, Prof. ; Greece Gear mn eek Fungi sean (purchased, 200). Larbalestier ; Lichens(purchased). Sanio, Dr. C.; German (42). Société Dauphinoise pour l’Echange; (pur- chased, 471). University College, London; a miscellaneous col- lection. Van Thuemen, F.; 1 Hee otheca universalis (purchased, 300). Westendor., —; Belgian Cryptogams (100). Wittrock, V., and Nordstedt, O,; Alga (purchased, 100). Vise, Rev. J. E.; Micro- fungi (purchased, 100). Various European plants have been re- ceived from Dr. Archangeli, Dr. a (Italy), J. a Jenner, J. on Mansel Pleydell, H. T. Mennell, Prof. Oliver, W. H. r, Rev. W. Rogers, J. Sanders, C. E. “Broome, Rev. W. A. Eeigh ese, J. E. Willia TH AND TEMPERATE te —Aitchison, Dr. ; collections made as botanist to the Kuram field force in Afghan istan (about 1000). Collett, Taga H.; Afghan (81). Ford, Chas. S.; China and A. He: plants have a ae from J. Bissett; Chinese, from E. Brad- ford, A. Dave , an : TRopPIcat ge He Prof. ; ase ae Beddome, Col.; Madras Presidency *1300), Duthie, J. N.W. India (10, and drawin gs). Meyer, Dr. A. B.; Ri ‘ies, Timor plants 17). Murton, H. if realli (94). Small contributions have been received of Himalayan plants from Robt. Ellis and J. Gamble; ce ch Bornean orchids, collected by F. W. Burbidge, from Messrs. and Arrican Istanps.—Barber, Mrs. M. E.; Gold Fields (44). Bolus, H.; Cape Restiacee and Erices (115). Cosson, Mons.; Letourneux’s Egyptian (188). Kirk, Dr. J.; Zanzibar and Comoro (48). Perry, W. Wykeham ; Madagascar and Comoro (15). Schweinfurth, Dr.; Egypt, ape salir Por- tugal, Government of; Welwitsch’s African (665). e, General ; Purdy’s Darfur (182). Wood, J. M.; Natal (een, pres er con I 58 NOTICES OF BOOKS AND MEMOIRS. Barkly and T. T. Chamberlain; of ennai from Miss Gilpins and of Liberian, from K. H. Holm a America.—Curtiss, A. H.; Florida (purchased, 250). Farlow, Anderson, and Raton: Alga (80). Macoun, J.; Brit ish N. America (partly purchased, 2805). Parry, C. C.; Mexican and New Mexican (1250). Ravenel ; dntttleaks Fungi (purchased, 200). Smaller contributions saa been ae a inte Drs. re and Engelmann, Messrs. Hems emmon, Townshend, Sereno Watson, and Miss Teinibod: Ji Myers, rae penile plants) from Sir J. H. Le froy West Inpres Bie ce, L. J. K., communicated by H.E. Gov. Robinson; Bahamas (150). Holme, Rey. H. K.; Montserrat (60). Meyer L.; Tobago oe Murray, H. B.; St. Lucia (89). Prestoe, H.: Trinida: ry (10 Chnivvitad: anD Sourn America.—Coppinger, Dr. ae (17). Ernst, Dr.; Caraccas (8). Glaziou, A.; Braz ils 1447). Kal- breyer; New Bagged a Lorentz, Dr.; Argentine Provinces casgemnan wes m, EK. F. im; Britis sh Guyana. Tirckheim, Mon ee TRALASIA YNESIA, AND Shien arctic Istanps.—Bennett, the late J. J.; Sidigletion of | Brown's Australian Herbarium (1056 ys chana New Zealand ( Bu Vv ew Caledonia (61). Carson, D.; Australia (9). Cheeseman, T aH ew Zeala 10 ay, Dr. A.; Kerguelen’s La nd alter; Frazer's Island (5). Horne, John; Fiji Islands 1580). Kirk, Thos.; New Zealand (7). Mueller, Baron von; Australia (6). Familiar Garden Flowers ; figured i F. E. Huume, F.L.S., and escribed by Hisserp. First Series, London : earn Petter, Galpin, and Co. 1880. Tuts is a estge -looking volume, owing its attractiveness to the dotianed ‘fig some of our best known garden 8 iieae® ae very well executed, others—e. g., Lilium pom- ponium—unsatisfactory ; but there is a scrappiness about most of the little information he attempts to bestow is not s trust- instance, Primula elatior is not the scientific equi- valent of the Polyanthus (p. 25); “the commo crocus of gardens ” is not ‘ the Crocus luteus of the botanist ” (p. 98); we fail to see why ( pra minor is a “ preferable name” to th of tricolor, a Sigs tter is ‘‘ appropriate 46 er arg xf (p- 81); and s sy firs t sight one is inclined to criticise Mr. Hibberd’s spelliagr of Mathiola and Malcomia, but this « spelling is NOTICES OF BOOKS AND MEMOIRS. 59 in = case that employed’ by Robert Brown when (in Aiton’s ‘Hortus Kewensis,’ 2nd ed., vol. iv., pp. 119 and 121) he first i (p. 46) that ‘London Pride” is a modern name for Sawifraga ie ey quotes Dr, Prior’s derivation of it (from ‘‘ Mr. London, f of London and Wise’’) with aps even suggesting that “ cit rahoala tisrofors be designated London’s Pride ’’—the fact being that 9. “sea osa was called London Pride at least as long ago as 1727 by Threlkeld. Mr. Hibberd has had a good opportunity of produ snndch a useful and interesting book, but he has we of it a availed himself Unper the title of «« The Kew Arboretum,” Mr. George Nicholson has begun, in the ‘ Gardeners’ Chronicle,’ a series of papers des — Loudon’s ‘ a eres m,’ which is now somewhat o W e that our contemporary, the Galton de reduced its price, while its attractive features have increased. A coloured plate is given with each number; and although the subjects represented are naturally rim for their horticultural value, some of them are of botanical interest. This is shown by the fact that two of the plants lately pee d — Hibiscus hcedobe. Hook. f., and Disa macrantha, Hort. (= D. megaceras, Hook. f.)—have also been recently e New Booxs.—B. H. van Nooren, ‘ Fleurs Fruits et are. de l'lle de Java’ — Muquardt). — H. Mure ARTICLES IN JOURNALS. DercEMBER. Journal of the sows Society (Botany, vol. xviii., no. 109).— J. G, Baker, ‘ Synops of Aloinee and Yuce Te ea’ (eaaataestE- N. E, Brown, ‘ On cde new Aroidew’ (pt. i. tt. 8). 60 NOTICES OF BOOKS AND MEMOIRS, Scottish Naturalist.—J. Cameron, ‘The Gaelic Names of Plants.’ —J. Stevenson, ‘ Mycologia Scotica.’—F. B. White, ‘Fungi of Perthshire.’—Id., Re on Polypodium flexile mr its relation to P. alpestre.’ Nuov. Giorn. Bot. Ital. (Nov. sit —L. Caldesi, ‘Flore Faventine Tentamen’ (concluded).—A. Borzi, ‘ Hauckia, a new Palmellacea from mm Island of Favignana’ (1'ta tab.) —C. Massalongo and A. Carestia, ‘The Hepaticee of the Pennine fect (tt. 4: Scapania Dylans, Anthella (?) phyllacantha, spp. nov.)—L. sone * Vege- tation of Salvatesta’ (Hyoseris plein, n. sp.) — A. Mori, ‘Parthenogenesis in Datisca cannabina Science- Gossip. —G. Massee, ‘Motes on some of our smaller ungi.’ Bot. Notiser—8. Almquist, ‘ On polymorphic groups of plants.’ —E. Adlerz, « ae se siatonniy of bud-scales.,—A. P. Winslow, ‘ Rose Scandinavi Magyar Nov. tal —C. Mika, ‘On the vegetative progermina- tion of. Pistillaria mil sae) A. Kanitz, ‘ Plante Romanie hucusque cognite ’ (continued). (Coulter’ +: Botanical Gaede: —J. W. Chickering, ‘ Plants of Roan Moun in.’—Id., Nabalus Roanensis, n. sp.—W. K. Higley ‘ cairo ‘Plants merican Mileralt. ——C. E. Bessey, ‘Sketch of Progress of Botany in U.S. during 1879.’—L. P, Soc ‘ Botany of a City Square..—W. W. Bailey, «A dispermous acor 3 he A Bot. Club,—A. Brown, ‘ panies plants in and near New York City Naturalist "Hoddsrsfta —J, Mae ‘ Orthodontium gracile,’— W. West, ‘ Buckinghamshire Liche (Ksterr. Bot. Zeitschrift. —L. v, seen * Silene Schlosseri, — ‘A new form of Rosa venusta?—A, Obo orny, ‘ Galium sylvaticum in os asan, ‘ Vegetation of Gorz and Gradisca ’* (con- cluded).— —W. Voss, ‘ Peronospora viticola.—A. Hau usgir, 8 of Koniggriitz.’ — M. Gandoger, ‘ Pugillus ren | (contd. ; forms of Polypodium vulgare and P. Dryopteris).—8. § Miiggen- burg, ‘ Mycological Notes.’—P. G. Str trobl, ‘ Flora of Bina’ when Hedwigia.—F. y. Thiimen, ‘ Reliquie Libertianz.’—P, Richte ‘On the question of the _— genetic princess of seveens unicellular Phycochromace lora,—A. Minks, desl fichensalled! studies’ (con- cluded.)—F. Arnold, “Lichenologica Fragments.’—P, G. Strobl, ‘Flora of the Nebrodes’ (contd.) Botanische eo, g- — K. Goebel, ‘On the Morpholo and Physiology of Leaves.’—E. Strasbur urger, ‘On multin i din ie cells and embryogeny of fps (1 tab.)—E. Stahl, ‘On the influence LINNEAN SOCIETY. 61 of the intensity of light on the structure and arrangement of assimilatory parenchym.’—A. F. W. Se chimper, ‘ Researches on the origin of Starch-granules.’ Proceedings of Societies. - _ Linnean Socrety or Lonpon. December 2nd, 1880.—Prof. Allman, F.R.S., President, in the chair. — The following ero were elected Fellows of the Society :— Messrs. F. A. Canton, C. 2 Cory, Charles Faweett, Charles L. Jackson, Paul H. ME Gillivra , R. W. Emerson M‘Ivor, and Ernest L. Sellon.—Mr. Thomas Christy drew attention toa series of Agarics from Brisbaps, Queensland, forwarded him by Dr. Bancroft ; and afterwards showed and made remarks on some fruits of a species of Capsicum from Southern Europe, distinguished by a short ovate shape and their total absence of pungene The Rev. G. Henslow Lieb ATR the peculiarities of a malformed flower “ik of Ver igi nigrum.—The Secretary read a paper in this Journal for 1879 (p. 827); and d Mr. Townsend has Bios penpeied us an abstract of his paper, which will appear in our next umber.—An important lengthy communication, ‘‘ On the Conifers of J apan,” ay Dr. Maxwell Masters, was read in abstract; it deals with their structure, affinities, synonymy, and geographical distri- bution. There are thirteen genera recorded in Japan, whereof one only is peculiar to the pace ats and they comprise forty-one species, exclusive of varieties and ue natives ; twenty- oe are ipa pyr ine or ten species are common to Japan and the mainland of N.E. Asia, and other re point ic a wide Feet adie cally extremely small, but when representative species of Conifers are taken into account the relation is closer, a less than that illustrated by other orders of flowering plan Dr. Asa Gray Supported by Prof. Oliver believe an Faas exists between the floras of Tertiary Central Europe and the recent floras of the Hastern American States and Japan. However this may be, Masters lays some stress on the probability of a dispersal from a Japanese centre, and, among other subsidiary reasons, adds the migration southwards from the polar regions, now admitted b botanists on all sides. The paper concludes with an enumeration 0 the known and rare species of Conifers of Japan, and much interesting matter connected therewith. 62 PROCEEDINGS OF SOCIETIES. Fellows as to their species or other information ; it being intended y Mr. Francis Darwin: (1) The theory of the growth of cuttings, illus- trated by observations on the Bramble (Rubus fruticosus) ; and (2) On the means by which leaves place themselves at right angles to the direction of incident light. January 20th, 1881.—The Rev. J. M. Crombie, F.L.8., in the chair.—Several portfolios of British Sea-weeds, elegantly prepared by Mr. F. W. Smith, of 5, Clifton Villas, Falmouth, were exhibited uld.—A new form of microscopical cabinet, M. . Hillhouse, F.L.S,, of Cam ridge, was explained by him, its compactness and portability, &¢., rendering it advantageous to teachers. — Mr, T. further summarised and grouped in such a way as were to remain true till the present day. Blume’s labours must always take a high LINNEAN SOCIETY, 68 pe excellent analysis of cpuanky pparecieny are to be found ok n Dr. Pfester, of Heidelberg, has studied Orchidee oak ing to their vegetative char acters, and thus has made an important advance. J. G. Beer, of ienna, in gta s criticising Lindley’s classification, proposes a division the order into six tribes founded sole ly 0 on modifications of the labe enn; but to the total neglect of all other characters structural or vegetative. In revi ing the Lindleyan system Mr. Bentham observes that tlie ‘inary division founded on the consistence of the pollen has not been replaced by any other equally good, although it is by no means ic olute. He admits that the distinctions founded upon the nd scarcely be mai i been applied to three different parts of the polling yeliais In the case of Vandea, Darwin, distinguishing it froma the caudicle, proposes to call it ** pedicel”; : " but as this word has already a special designation in some flowers, "Mr. Bentham thinks “ stipes’? a more appropriate term. The results of his detailed examination of all the genera proposed or established, of which he could procure specimens living or dry, checked by published daeeaiptings and illustrations, has head their distribution into five tribes and some twenty-seven subtribes, as tabulated below. Mr, Bentham thereafter enters into lengthened explanations of the several tribes, subtribes, and more remarkable genera in the order, in his usual critical and careful manner ORCHIDE. Tribe I. Errpenprex. Tribe II. VanpEx. Subtribe 1. Pleurothallesx. Subtribe 1. ‘Rutopblea y 2. Microstylee. ij 9; Cymbidiex, ” 3. arie a 8. Cyrtopodier. ” 4. Dendrobiexw ¥ 4. Stanhopier. ” 5. en. bg 5. Maxillariew ”» 6. Bletie - 6. Oncidie ” 7. Coelogyneex. es 7. Sarcanthee. ” 8. eee - 8. Notyilex. ’ 9. Leliex Tribe III. Neorrmz. Tribe IV. Opurypex. Subtribe 1. Vanillem. Subtribe ‘ Serapiadee. 1 2. Corymbiex. : 2. Habenariee. ” 3. Spiranthee i 8. Disew. ” 4, Diurider. F 4, Corycie. ” 5. Arethuser. ” 6. Limodoree. Tribe V. CyprireDIEs. 64 BOTANICAL NEWS. —The Secretary read a short paper “On some Hybrid British Ferns,” by Mr. Edward J. Lowe. The author records experiments which induce him ‘to believe that it is possible to cross different species, as well as varieties of the same species.—‘ A Revision of the inte 3 Vibrissea”’’ was the title of a communication by Mr. m Phillips, which was taken as read. Botanical News. Tue Bo parse Department of the British Museum has lately acquired a series of five quarto volumes of original drawings by John Miller, entitled “‘ Drawings of the leaves, stalks, and rami- fications of plants, executed for the Right Honourable the Earl of Bute for the years 1783 and 1784 Tue ja leceetiog herbarium of British plants, numbering 11381 species, collee a lected and named ohn Dune age ry weaver living near Alford, in Aberdeenshire. An interesting sketch of this remarkable man, who was born in , will be found in ‘ Natur diarbesturl of the late pte Dick has been presented to the ise Library at Thurso; it is to be Phil on: that it has not fallen into the hands of some aciantifi institutio . Lauper Let the pecans Zee asa at the end of last Hoveiaber at the age of 52, after an illness of many years’ standing. His papers on Lichens, _ many of them carefully illustrated by the author, are well ew so the writer of others upon various points i atled with the botany of New Rc some of which appeared i the arlier volumes of this little w WE 8 also to record the death of Isaac oo of Cork, of whom we hope to give further particulars short We are glad to learn that Prof. P. Mac tel late of Gill College, Somerset East, has been appointed by the Cape Pim our to the Sephieie of the Botanic Garden, Cape Town B. 5. n American botanist, died at peer linoh, on the dik. of last Naveisbenias his 82nd year, Beyverr, of 107, High Street, Croydon, is engaged upon a critical investigntio ion of the species of Potamo ogeton, and will be glad to receive specimens, either British or foreign, for examination Tue Messrs. H. & J. Grovus will be glad sd Faget specimens of Characee, more esp ecially such as are extra-British; their address is 18, Richtneaa Terrace, Clapham Road, London, S.W. ah * ABumatt del nat. IN Foy ise OLAMogeton laneeolatus, Smith. : eae 65 Origttal Articles. ON POTAMOGETON LANCEOLATUS OF SMITH. By Arrsur Bennett. (Tas. 217). Con nterest has always attached to this plant from the fact that. it is sit certainly known to occur elsewhere ar in Britain. Itisa species which has] been much misunderstood by continental botanists,—partly, I am inclined to believe, on erie of the scarcely satisfactory figure of the Welsh plant in Botany.’ The specimens which I obtained in the Fens last year ee Journ. Bot. 1880, p. 276), have enabled me to add a few details to Smith’s original description ; and I have thought that a figure prepared from the Rae to material sctlectea d might serve to render the plant better understood, and at the same time afford an Ponaoorron LANCEOLATUS, Smith. * ee ae Botany,’ vol. XXVill., t. 1985; ‘English Flora,’ ed. 2, vol. i., p. 288. Hooker and Paes British Flora,’ ed. 6, p. 469, 470. tA Hand- book,’ ed. 1, p. 498 (lucens, var.) Syme English Botany,’ vol. ix., Pp. 34, t. 1408. Babington ‘ sons ed. 7, p. 872. J. D. Hooker ‘Student’s Flora,’ ed. 2 Non P, lanceolatus, Deal ‘Wolfgang ! Reich. ! Nec P. nigrescens, Fries ag slightly creeping. Stem slender (usually naked ie the Fen plant), much branched. Submerged leaves mostl translucent, entire gin, with 8 to 6 ribs, connected by transverse, sometimes branched veins, and with chain-like network aes 18 elongated along the midrib. Upper one apvaned lanceo- € Fen plant), subcoriaceous or Oak 5 with 79 ribs, 3 er mee veins, which are often branched; the whole leaf chain-like network (aenclehens more conspicuous towards the midrib, Stipules free, small subulate to linear, upper larger, lanceolate, not winged on the back, ‘but with two strong ribs. [* It seems right t v point out that although this form of the ovat is that usually eo pe it was originally published by Smith as lanceo Ep. tT.) Journ. N.8. vou. 10. [Manrcu, 1881.] : 66 ON POTAMOGETON LANCEOLATUS OF SMITH. Peduncles 4 to 24 inches in length, not thickened towards the spike, sometimes ‘slightly stouter in the middle. Spike short, + to } inch, ovoid. Lamina of the sepals Skins. orbicular. Ovary (very ani bn mall, oblong- ‘pitipticel, rounded at the base with a slight neck - the base of the sti igma. Ripe a unkno The 5 eee ve off stolons from the axils of the upper leaves, dhs leaves of which are very narrow, bright green, and ae pie —Wales: in the River Lligwy, Anglesea. England: Burwell Fen, Cambridgeshire. Mr. C. Bailey, of Manchester, gathered it in its Welsh habitat in August, 1875, and writes as follows :—‘‘ The plant grows longish patches to the exclusion of peg ce else near it. Ina amen taal the stream is slower, more water in, it simply fills m the bed to the satiate, so that the ducks cannot November, and sent me fresh specimens; he added that he had detected a Pees: formed fruit, and gave a sketch of it. I coul only find a very young ovary, but certainly in a more advanced stats than any I had before seen, although I have it from the Welsh station, gathered in August, September, Cobe.. and November. As I have it from the Fens growing I hope to get it to fruit; at this time the leaves are very narrow, very translucent, and of a beautiful bright green. As stated by Prof. Babington at p- 54, it is most certainly not the P. nigrescens of Fries Herb. Norm or Mantissa. I sent specimens of our lanceolatus to M. Otto plant, from the original station, and given Fries himself ; and he writes—*I do not think this is the pe (identical) as P. nigrescens, Fries.” He also kindly sent me a portion of that specimen, and from the structure of the leaf L he no doubt the original finder of the plant, ge * referred it to the species it is nearest, P. rufescens, Schrader I cannot help thiniely ‘that the ‘English Botany’ ‘ne of P. lanceolatus has misled continental authors, being without ths floatin ting leaves, and not oe the areolation of ret wah (which is regretted by Smith, Eng. Flor., vol. i., p. 238), which is well shown on some of the old specimens in the Hebets of Kew and the British Museum. Placing that plate by the side of a specimen of P. —- Gorski,} referred to his lanceolatus by Reichenbach, is a general appearance of our plant on a large scale. In Nolte’s collection at the British Massa are two incomplete speci- mens which so much resemble our lanceolatus, that it would be very desirable to obtain more — specimens whence these came, i.e., Holstein and Lauenber. * See Fries, Nov. Flor. Suec., p. 41. + See Ascherson, ‘ Flora of Baadebuiy’ (Prussia), 1864, p. 656. NOTES ON ABBOT’S HERBARIUM, 67 To the P. variifolius of Thore the British lanceolatus bears only a very superficial resemblance. anormitanus of Bivoni, mentioned by Prof. Babington (Journ. Bot., 1881, p. 11), is a variety of pusillus with longer flaccid el than the type, the upper leaves spathulate, and otis ving nearly the same chain-like network as lanceolatus possess British ance A Sbgeatrarenre: ae C. Bailey), which stinthh | Bivoni’s lant e 3 I se | iat from the United States (which I owe to the Se i of the eagre 7 Dr. Robbins’s Herbarium, the Rey. ng, of Mas A.), very like our plant at first sight, ray’s ‘ Manual ’), and marked by him “ gramineus t fruit has been found. ries says* :—‘‘ Pedunculi elongata, sat ati chao an Spica densiflora, elongata, c ce (nec ellip- : : h ton placed na the side of one of Fries’s plan nts was aiid guishable under a low power, our British plant differing from me by the beautiful structure of its leaves. bn one of the sheets of specimens at Kew is written in pencil “ P. diversifolius non differt.”’ should be glad of information on this point, Fos frag ally as to “« P. diversifolius, Schl.” which I am ‘canbe to trace. Chamisso, in ‘ Linnea,’ vol. ii. (1827), p. 233, says of our p ma :—** P, lanceo- latum, E. B., t. 1985, est P. lanceolatus, species recognoscenda.” SCRIPTION OF cine 217.—1. Specimen from Burwell Fen oe nat. del.) ey Upper leaf. b. Portion of a to show the structure. c. Submerged leaf. d, Section of stem. rs Ovary (very ane. f. Sepal (d, b, f, e. aaguls ed), 2. Specimen from Wal NOTES ON THE HERBARIUM OF ABBOT, WITH REMARKS ON THE SYNONYMY OF SOME OF THE SPECIES By R. A. Pryor, B.A., F.L.8. (Concluded from p. 46.) Geranium sanguineum. Correctl y named (see p. 849 of Flora). There is a specimen of G. ponindsfabine, which has since been found in the county ; another —— of G. nodosum is possibly from Abbot’ 1 locality at Welwyn. G, posdines “dass per ee in the Flora, parviflorum, correctly ed. Polygala vulgaris, The genuine plant There pa te ae re ge of both species of Ononis * Mantissa iii,, p. 17, 181; Summa, p. 214, 68 NOTES ON ABBOT’S HERBARIUM. sepia’ to the same sheet, and = aes representing the and ‘“ sae * of the Flor A question may be eae as to the proper names of ‘hess — plants. In the third edition of the * Species Plantarum’ (p. 1006) Linneus er ond o h un een intended to ibaa = “‘ arvensis’? so general in inland situations. The other species, O. spinosa, with its primary variety itis, is characterised, strangely enough considering the specific ame, by rami inermibus This has been almost universally spines can hardly be said to spring immediatel age ae stem, and is suggestive rather of the figure of Blackwell. It seems clear, then, that either Linneus was unacquainted with the chavs of the two species as now generally understood, or that he has con- fused them both under the = mentioned variety. a the 12th edition of the ‘ Systema Nature’ (vol. xii., p. 478), he has again O. campestris, Koch. & Ziz., correctly and generally ad H second species, O. inermis, includes two varieties, the first being the me. yrus latifolius. Certainly L. sylvestris, L. The only speci- men of T. “‘ latifolius’’ in Sowerby’s Herbarium is also, 1 think, poner agen sylvestris. The very narrowly-winged petioles and small stipules, and general appearance of the flowers, is quite unlike those of taiji The lab abel - sasha ge and Bioman, Bedford, Sowerby ” copie werby’s note on the o al drawing for E. B, 1108, which is of course latifolius, and ered in ioe, NOTES ON ABBOT’S HERBARIUM. 69 resemble the specimen in question. This, however, agrees exactly with an unpublished drawing on which Sowe rby has_ pencilled “« Lathyrus sylvestris, by Rey. Mr. Sutton, Lord Eliot’s wood, Sydenham in Essex, July 7th, 1792,” a date earlier than that of either of the published drawings. aap is no specimen from Bedfordshire in the Smithian herbar Vicia lathyroides. Exactly Diekeon's 8 ; Hyde Park plant (Hort. Sicc. Brit. No. 12), and therefore V. ane tifolia, Reich.* Ervum tetraspermum. Vicia hirsuta, Gray. Trifolium Melilotus-officinalis, Melilotus altissima, Thuill. (FI. Par. 378 ). M. officinalis, Willd. (En. h. Berol. ii denow, ed besides Desrousseauxt had already (Lam. Enc. iv. p. 68) established a Melilotus officinalis, his has far more claim to represent the Linnean plant, although it has been usually called M. arvensis a British authors. This is the plant figured by a an unnamed specimen of Tr ifolium aes Huds. teas (EL Angl. a = 289, 1762) is haregeceg ed the authority for this specific name. It is true that it wili be found in the ‘Novitie Flore Suecie,’ in the Appendix to the second edition of the ‘ Fauna Suecica’ (1761); but ‘ Trifolium medium, Linn. Faun. ad alpes ¢ (speci e tamen diversum et in Suecia non obvinm Peockatue i propterea alibi apud L. non oceurrit.” (Richter, Codex Linneanus, 744). Ido not see, then, how we can call our clover T. medium, ‘unless on Hudson’s authority. LT. ochroleucum. T'. ochroleucon, uds. 62, in the first edition of the ‘ Flora Anglica,’ Hudso he a ems not improbable this Vicia may never really hav ep in Hyde Park (FI. of Madde: 86), but that the aiieionion of this siti the ‘English Flora’ was owing to some inadvertence or confusion of memory on the part of Smith. The first notice of Dickson n’s plant is to be found in Eng. Bot. i. 30, but the specimen was not pub blished in the fourth fasciculus of hg ‘Hortus Siceus Britannicus’ until some years later. The oy as to the rectness of the name was perhaps first suggested in the third edition of Witheri as V. angustifolia, and I cannot help thinking = the station was erroneously Tepeated under V. lathyroides, more especially a mith does not refer to any authority, + To say nothing of Lamarck himself (Hl. Fr. ed. 1, 595). 70 NOTES ON ABBOT’S HERBARIUM. neus has also described a trefoil under the same name as, but without any reference to, Hudson, and based upon a plant intro- duced by Dillenius into his edition of the ‘ Synopsis,’ as ‘‘ observe by Mr. Rand between Peckham and Camberwell,” and defined as ‘« T, pratense purpureum minus, foliis cordatis. Priori [7'. pratense] minus est, foliis parvis cordatis, leviter pilosis, floribus pro plantule magnitudine majusculis, capitulo nudo, petiolo mend longo insi- leu or will t e (tab. xiii. f. 1) help out the resem- Blanes, the stipules nate “espeialy unlike those of our plant. It is cult to understan at any very de ag meaning was attached by Linneus to his own character—‘ T. spicis villosis, caule erecto ee foliolis infimis obcordatis ;” adeed, that of _ F. squarrosum (Sp. Pl. 1082) roto as suggeste ed by Smith, far nearer to the ea: species. Ha indeed, refers Rand's plant some details from the description of the genuine Swiss plant, still quotes only the so-called purple variety, and, under any circum- stances, Hudson’s name has a clear five years’ priority. It is characteristic that Smith has no Serves: to Hudson at all in the anaes ae under eh plant. Too immature to determine with certainty. This last name is often qu wot, especially by noes 4? botanists, as if Relhan were the authority. The age of Smith, both in ‘ English Botany’ ca the ‘ Addenda’ to re ‘Flora Britannica,’ is doubtless the origin of the mistake; but a reference to Relhan’s own note in the second edition of his ‘ Flora’ (p. 200) will not leave much room for hesitation, : it is only reasonable to irc that Smith furnished the name as well as the character of e plant in question. After givin g the onongh Aan from ‘ cel auct. Flor. Brit. MSS.,’ he adds, « Chafa s trium ultimarum specierum, a cel. auct. Flor. Brit. ex pnts ae D. Beeke, 8. T.P. emendati fuerunt; et mihi benevole communicati.” Sir J. Hooker’ pitintihed statement that 7. minus, Sin., ‘is the T. filiforme of foreign authors ” (Stud. Flora, p. 99) is in strange contrast with the opinion of Grenier, ‘‘ Tout le monde étant maintenant d’accord sur la plante a laquelle Linné a apo le nom de T. jiliforme, ainsi que sur Pega, de cette espéce avec le T. micranthum, Viv., je . There is another claim that cannot in strict justice be overlooked. gepret appears to have been the first writer in our own country to identify the 7. agrarium of English authors with 7. procumbens, L. As the plant formerly called procumbens was thus left without a name, he created ie it that of 7. dubium, and it so stands as a distinct species in his ‘ Flora,’ p. 231 (1794). NOTES ON ABBOT’S HERBARIUM. 71 Two years later Withering, in the third edition of the ‘ Botanical Arrangement ’ oad ~— the T. agrarium of his earlier writings into 7. procumbens, the expressed ae ity of Afzelius, but without any refeseniae’ a Sibthorp, his former 7. procumbens ranking, on mae — heir: as I’. filiforme (see p. 654), ‘he —_ oe f 8 r doubt that both authors distinguished precisely the same plant, and Sibthorp’s name, as the earliest and most expressive, has every claim to etn nek subject to the ultimate determination of the Linnean procumben T. filiforme. Conectly named; but another specimen is Medicago lupulina Sonchus seeing 1. S. asper, All. (Fl. Ped. no, 814). 2. S. oleraceus, L. Hieracium murorum., B vulgatum, Fr. ndu Orchis latifolia. "O. incarna Serapias latifolia. Epipactis latifolia, Bab. Man. Iam able to recognise three woodland species of Epipactis in south-eastern Englan gian i E. latifolia, Bab. M latifolia, Hook. Student’ Flora. — Boreau, 1. du Cen tre, P- 651. Durand can never be confounded when growing sro either of the other with F. dad beh ata” ee It is doubtless the LF. violacea with “ tufted not creeping ” rootstock of ‘ Topographical Botany’; and I believe it to fe the plant of Forbes, badly figured, and with a very insufficient description in H. B. 8. 2775. It has of course nothing d e E. purpurata of Smith, which, as is sufficien ntly evident from the original specimen, was foun ed on a deformation the E. media 3. purpurata = the ‘Manual.’ Specimens thus named many years back from ertfordshire, under Mr. Babington’s inspe oe hergie are certainly ue this plant. . violacea occurs in Bucks (Britten), and I have seen specimens from Hertfordshire, Hampshire and Northamptonshire. To these Bedfordshire may 72 NOTES ON ABBOT’S HERBARIUM. be zvUttg on the — of the E. B. 8. plant, and osteoma -_ on Mr. Oxende I do not venture to qu Sates cn ; Topoerphical Botany,’ as_ Mr. iis n pa referred to E. media, Bab., a most distinct plant as a synon of his violacea. There is an “excellent Cand of E. violacea _ sand vad edition of Boreau’s ‘Flore du Centre,’* but I refer to any very s age sdeisheiey aston of it in any British. sot although the characters of the other two species are sufficiently clearly given in the ‘ Man ual.’ Dr. Boswell indeed has observed that “‘ specimens of F. violacea, Durand-Duquesnay, from Lisieux, agree well with EH. purpurata, Sm.” I presume the EK §. plant, and not that of Smith is intended), ‘‘ but the French plant is said to have a thickened rhizome, producing tufts tems, which I cannot verify from my specimens, which are ach p peparae branch of the Srectans " (Syme, E. B. vol. ix., p. 124); and again, just above, ‘‘ The Reigate anid Gasca vlnake are the only ones I have seen in a living state. These are not at all c generally a little shorter.’’ Mr. Watson, however, has different — and remarks that ‘‘ Dr. Boswell Syme is under some in recording that the Claygate plants of EH’. media ‘ are not at all tuanee with purple.’ On a label with a specimen dried wrote “Whole plant with a lilac purple bloom over the en;’ and indeed it was a purple tint which first drew my cosa a ae Fo (Comp. Cyb. Brit. 577). But our plant w n to the soa liek botanists. In the herbarium of Buddle shes than 124, fol. 48), are two — specimens of E. violacea, without locality, labelled ‘* An Helleborine montana - angustifolia purpurascens, C. B. 187.” The original plant of Bauhin, and that of Ray’s ‘ Historia,’ was regione the Cephal- anthera to which it has usually been assigned; but it is far from Ghnechebls that Plukenet’s Irish specimen (Alm. p. 182) was the same as wise s. Hudson, in the first edition of his ‘ Flora,’ p. 842, quotes Bauhin’s synonym for his Serapias longifolia 9. which he lo co “* circa es et Ingleton in comitatu Eboracensi.” 7 eR, uche épaisse Se des touffes de tiges sociétaires - "2 3 A 7 décim. psa cee . sans angles ni stries, excepté au sommet, robustes, couvertes surtout dans le haut d'une pubescence _papilleuse, pulvérulente brillante ; gaines des feuilles inférieur feuilles lancéolées aigués, blab _plus courtes que te entre- oo passan pédicelle tordu plus court ee ‘ovaire ; ovaire turbiné 4 6 fortes nervures ; rabee appendice cordiforme acuminé, un crénelé, recourbé a la pointe, offrant 4 sa base verdatre des gibbosités pisses pie oma blane sur les bords d’abord, puis rose et enfin brun. Toute la plante est d’un rouge violacé, A la fin bronzée, — io % —Boreau, vol. ii. pp. 651, 652. e myself gathered undoubted specimens of E. media, Bab., coe were Pet kg of a bright lilac tint, in one instance varied with a primrose c NOTES ON ABBOT’S HERBARIUM. 73 A d. ii. p. 1001), and as quite distinct from S. rubra. The variety as of S. grandiflora seems to be altogether imaginary, but the specimen of Buddle may go far towards clearing up this obscure plant. Carex distans. C. binervis, Sm. C. montana. This seems to be C. pilulifera, L. C. panicea. C. remota, L. There were also specimens, correctly named, of the following :— + pulrcaris, sylvatica C. pilulifera, C. strigosa, C. pallescens, . riparia, C. precox, . hirta, And of some others which are not in the Flora. . ng 2 C. recurva. C. flacca, Schreb., Spic. Fl. Lips. app. n. 699. C. C, Tiree. C. rostrata, Stokes (With. Arr. ed. ii. 1059). C. ampullacea, Good. I cannot see why Stokes’ name should neglected in favour of the later one of Goodenough. The sam locality is referred to by both authors, and the earlier description is unmistakable. : The other Carices mentioned in the ‘ Flora Bedfordiensis ’ are either not represented in the herbarium or are in quite an indeter- & & Hudson at age 680, under Prunus avium and insititia, it 2 quite 7 Oo work of Hudson, which indeed is quoted on several oc addition to the names given above, and omitting those which are generally accepted, at least in this country, and a few others such L 74 NOTES ON ABBOT’S HERBARIUM. « as Blackstonia and Bromus ramosus, whose claims have been recently brought under notice, and which are in the way to be en nomenclature has the priority over that of Linneus, who indeed, in some cases, simply transferred the names a ie “pee Anglica,’ with a due acknowledg ment, to his own and ca hardly be — to have iended that they ahould be Sunted on his own authority. he list is not an sage rine on Alopecurus myosuroides, Huds. nee agrestis, L. Sp. ed. 2, 89. This can at most claim to be aes with Hudson’s name. A. bulbosus, Huds. sa A. bulbosus, L. Sp. ed. 2, ii. app. 1665. Loca a to Hudso Agros a pete Hu ay. 27. alba, L. Sp. ed. 2, is Both names shout per haps give way to Es stolonifera, L. Sp. ed. 1, sa? Avena pubescens, Huds. 42. A. pubescens, L. Sp. oe 2. spD- 1665. Withreference to Hudson. Dipsacus sylvestris, Huds. 49. D. sylvestris, ‘Li.’ Syst. Veg. ed. 14, 148 (1774). D. se ieee: Sp. ed. 1, 97, is wes more correctly the name of this plant. Sium erectum, fede” a S. anqustifolium, L. Sp. e app. — With reference to, and character copied ver Hote ae: udso “Mentha longifolia, Huds. 221. M. sylvestris, L. Sp. ed. 2, 804. Hud udson. M. rotundifolia, Huds. 221. M. rotundifolia, L. Sp. ed. 2 805. With reference to Hudson. These are the varieties 3. and y. of M. spicata in the first edition of the ‘ Species Pisutavat respectively. M. hirsuta, Huds, 228. M. hirsuta, L. Mant. 81 (1767). With reference to Hudson, and a slight alteration in his character. Fries says (Summ. Veg. Scand. 197) that this is M. nepetoides of later writers. If this determination be correct, Hudson’s two Middlesex stations must be transferred from M. “hirsuta” to M. ‘« pubescens ” of Trimen and Dyer’s Flora, and will probably turn out to be the same as those of Rand and Buddle given under the latter plant. Scutellaria minor, Huds. 282. 8. minor, L. Sp. ed. 2, 8865. With reference to Hudson, and his character given verbatim. Geranium perenne, Huds. 265. G. pyrenaicum, L. Mant. 97 (1767). Hypericum elodes, Huds. 292. H. elodes, L. Sp. ed. 2, 1106. This last, however, is to be found as a solwm nomen, to; ue with Synopsis, have never been taken up, and only one of them Veronica montana, has been noticed in this relation by Richter in the ‘ Codex Linnwanus ;’ but as the volume in which they, as well as the two ‘ Centurie Plantarum’ (where formal descriptions of BOTANICAL NOMENCLATURE. 5 many of them will be found), occur, was not published until some months after the appearance of the tenth edition of the lowing are also in a similar position; they have been determined from the references to the Synopsis :— Primula acaulis ; seemingly as a species. Vicia angustifolia: the plant of Bobart. Trifolium squamosum: T’. maritimun, Huds. Medicago minima: and of Desrousseaux. Ophrys arachnites: O. aranifera, Huds. ON SOME RECENT TENDENCIES IN BOTANICAL NOMENCLATURE. By B. Daypon Jackson, Sec. L.S. From time to time it is good to compare our present methods of working, with those of earlier epochs, in the same way that a mechanic will occasionally test the truth of his operations, by reference to the original design or model, and so escape the errors which invariably attend the repetition of copies. The matters which are immediately before us should not be suffered to entirely engross our attention, and prevent comparison of our methods with those of our predecessors. The absence of proper retro- spection has led to many regretable departures from established usages, often resulting in great inconvenience to methodical and conscientious investigators. : The chaos which threatened botanical nomenclature previous to the Paris Congress of 1867 was averted by the adoption of the code there promulgated; some botanists, however, remained uncon- the following remarks have to do. It must be admitted at the outset, that the earliest correct name is to be used in connection with any given species. . nything short of an absolute rule on this head can only result in individual preference for certain names, and once admit the plea of 76 BOTANICAL NOMENCLATURE. favouritism, and we at the same moment abandon firm ground for quick-sands. The only proviso is, that the prior name must be published in some work which either came into the market as an independent book or pamphlet, or as part of a ae publication. It matters not how obscure the publication ma be, or how sma ) neeus’s ‘ Hortus Cliffortianus’ was a privately printed work, yet no one scruples to refer to it, if necessary; Sibthorp’s ‘ Flora Greca ’ in its original form consisted only of twenty-three perfect copies, n from quotation. I refer to this, because the charge of pedantry is sometimes levelled at those who have honestly, and often a eagaane worked through the later incrustations, and arrived at the original and genuine and therefore should be disregarded. oi is the period of transition that is trying; let the original and true name be set forth once t so ime. m pleased to see the critical article by Mr. R. A. — (whose recent death we have to deplore) in the current num this Journal (February, 1881); and if, as he says, the Hanunculs sardous of Crantz is the same as our British plant, ‘the late 8 of Curtis and Ehrhart must fall,—there is no help for it. 0 plant can be considered as fully named, unless, in addition to the generic and specific names, is given that of the author of the name as quoted. M. Alph. DeCandolle goes eatin to the heart of the senting Pleo tg lays down the rule, NEVER TO MAKE AN AUTHOR SAY WHA’ HAS NoT sarD (Bull. Belg. xv. 1877, p. 482). — is a golden ale, although often disregarded. Acting upon is common sense dict tum, s such a citation as ‘‘ Mathiola incana, ey sub Cheirantho,” is preposterous and prem rad if given in full it is cumbrous, and inclu des a misstatement ; if shortened, 0: the species, by attaching his name to it, however changed it may in time become, is sheer nonsense; we do not write Iv. or R. Br. as a tribute of respect to the memory of those. — at all, but for our so sake in making clear our mean This brings m e to the case of those authors who admit quite Sarkis the cogency of the ssc for following the procedure above-mentioned, but, nevertheless, in their practice go very far astray. ‘‘ Biscutella BOTANICAL NOMENCLATURE. 77 californica, Benth. & Hook. re i. 91,” and — ce pieanscwa Benth. & Hook. Gen. i. 83,” as quoted by Sereno Wat n his splendid ‘ Bibliogtaphical Sadeee are simply pve of ser irertaes the genera Dithyrea of Harvey and Aphragmus of Andrzejowski not qualify them for citation as the authority for the species, because they have not spoken of these plants by the names under which they are here range To show ho dily errors accumulate, when sufficient care as to accurate citation is not forthcoming, I think the fol- lowing chain of instances, which Mr. Britten ~ pointed out to me, remarkably instructive. In the ‘Student’s Flora of the British Islands,’ ed. 2, at page 63, under the belie Arenaria will be found this statement :—< A. Cherleria, Fenzl (sub Alsine);” work is usually regarded as a digest of Sym edition of ‘ English seem kt and Sir J. D. Hooker readily siceledens his indsbtanoail icism. r ‘ p. 108, Sy aa ee Fenzl.’’ In Grenier and Godron’s ‘ Flore de France,’ vol. i 288, Grenier, who alone is responsible for that portion of ie boo I, says:—‘‘ 4. Cherlert, Fenzl,” giving Endlicher’s ‘ Genera ’ as the authority for that name; referring to the ‘Genera,’ p. 965, we find that Fenzl established the section Cherlerie, but named no species. Summin hate and sweeping away the accumulated blunders, the case cogent thu herleria, Fenzl, in Endl. Gen. 965. Alsine Cherleri, Grenier, in ten! & Godr. i. 283 (1848). A. Cherleria, Syme, Eng. Bot. ii. 108 (1863). Arenaria Cherleria, ees fil., Stud. Fl. 60 (1870). but somehow has missed inserting the section sign §. The use of parentheses is to temporarily exclude from the main ~ at 48 manifestly wrong to speak ee “ Boswell’s edition of ‘ English Botany ’” (op. cit. Preface), since the surname Syme was not abandoned until after that work was finished. ‘he title page ao the first volume must be as the true authority in such cases ; we constan tly speak of Sowerby’s ‘ Botany, ippantly quoted Sowerby's ‘Bo tany,’” but they were right and Smith w wrong; he had only himself to blame in the matter. 78 BOTANICAL NOMENCLATURE. sentence all the words within their boundaries; the general sentence should be complete in ee and intention without reading the parenthetical portio this is the literary, the universal, age -eepeancad ne ea Tried by this standard, the last example is wofully erroneous; Oersted, in the ‘ Videnskabelige Med- delelser’ rok 1857, joel Pankeai insignis, which might be inferred from the quoted statement, but is by no means clearly set forth. h d t treating of Andreea, I object to a aes like this—‘* A. alpina (Dill.), Sm.” It is the dA. alpina of Smith; Dillenius gave as its names—‘‘ Lichenastrum alpinum atro- rubens teres calycibus is.” The history of the naming of the species can be clearly shown in the synonymy, and if the student is too lazy to glance even over the synonyms, @ fortiori he will not burden his memory with two authorities. Another very objectionable practice, which has only recently ssu inence, and should be Sxtecagemeh d at once, is that of altering, under the guise of amending, a e given by previous author, and then quoting that author as the | father of the changeling. This seems like the pedantic spirit breaking out in a new form; it is clearly a violation of — faith, so to change a name that even its parent would n it. Cases may occur where a misprint in the original si i palpabin; Juncus lampo- carpus, Khrh., is usually written J. lamprocarpus on this account, ut any such practices must be jealously watched. To propose the siiesdieni of Weissia to Weista, because sometimes F. W. Weiss omitted the second s from his name, is meré pedantry. But as an instance of the habit I am reprobating, take ‘‘ Andreaa cras- sinervis, Bruch.” Here we have a specific name which Bruch did sence , for on turning to his original memoir in the ‘ Abhand- ungen der math.-phys.-Classe,’ Miinchen, i. (1882), p. 279,* we find the adjective crassinervia. I k ‘that this alteration is ete ee ee 23 lee) bar Be oo ba J £ 4 n be ee bee m Bb oO ort ee > © eH Q — ps] nm wm = o fe) ee Be io) 1 oO - < oO B BE 8 < = — as the following will t stily :—‘‘ Arenaria trinervis, Linn., a a name which may be seen in nearly all British Floras——Babin Bentham, both the a and 5 e The simple fact is “tha oe in ‘Journ. Linn. Soc. (Botany), xi, (187 Denkschriften ’ in error; they ceased ke oa” » (1870), p. 460, quotes the BOTANICAL NOMENCLATURE. 79 trinervia, and not until the time when Smith published the first volumes of his ‘Flora Britannica,’ do we find any variation. Smith cites the following botanists as using his name, but they all witness against him; Linneus, Hudson, Withering, Relhan, Sibthorp, Abbot, Curtis, Willdenow, Allioni, and Oeder. Smith gave no hint of his tampering with the Linnean name, and so Withering was led astray in his subsequent editions, then plying some remarks of.Lindley, which were directed to giving, not altering, commemorative names, has chosen to transmute the specific name into Brownii as above. This act is hard to reconcile new e by a new name, one previously pub- lished, even by himself.” To ascribe the genitive of the noun, Brownii to any antecedent writer is positively misleading; the name should stand as Georgia Browniana, C. Muell., or G. Brownt, Braithw., if it must be altered, although I cannot see the slightest necessity for any such meddling with it. have not done with the eryptogamists te For instance, ed i type, and sink B. pomiformis as a variety. If acute discrimination achieve no better result than this, I should lament its mischievous he raised it to specific rank, under the style of B. indusiata. Now it is perfectly clear that Bridel christened his species indusiata, spite of this, w i forth, “ B. virid Brid.” Surely it is an unhealthy and morbid activity to mis- represent earlier writers thus; common sense recoils As if to supply me with additional matter for comment, the. 80 : BOTANICAL NOMENCLATURE. Doniana, 8m.,” will not do; did not Smith call it Grimmia Don- miana? See ‘Fl, Britannica,’ vol. iii., p. 1198 (1804), so that the specific name even is not true; Bruch and Schimper published their genus Seliyeria years after Smith’s death. Barbula unguiculata, Dill.,” is terrible, far worse than to Brit.;’ did not Wilson write the ‘Bryologia Britannica’ as Schimper did the ‘ Bryologia Europea’ ? both “ Schpr.” (for anim- adversions on this way of shortening authorities see belo ) ‘5 : “¢ Conocepnaus, Necker (1790). Hepatica, Mich. 1741; Fega- tella, Raddi, 1818). .... 3. [C.] conicus, L.” Linneus seems Sm.,” for Smith, considering the generic name as neuter, wrote lanceolatum, and if we use his name we must do so too. last example shall be the most recent ; on page 85 of the number of this Journal for February, 1881, there is a description of “ Lejeunea ulicina, Tayl.” Taylor, as shown in the very next line, termed it a Jungermannia. this sentence reads as if anarchy having reigned so long, laws need not now be obeyed; but I do not take this to be its meani I 5 oy genus to ay retained as a sort of help to the memory ; in fact, greater tenderness BOTANICAL NOMENCLATURE, 81 than usual is to be shown. If, however, the opposite view be intended, then I must e mphatically protest against such lawless action ; if cryptogamists have offended so grievously in the past, it is worse than weakness to condone the offence, and so to pardon a continuing breach of the admitted rules The next topic I touch upon again requires us to hark back to the practice which Linnwus set and followed in his books; I allude to the uses of capitals in specific (or, more correctly, trivial) names. In the original specific names such as Linneus employed ‘ Hortus Cliffortianus,’ I cannot naa es one instance of a see! letter being employed, but the reason is obvious; these Li demned and did not at first practise. But an examination of the ‘Pan Suecus,’ where the present form of specific names was first adopted throughout, we find capital letters to very many names. The usage of Linnzus herein practically declares itself within the first dozen names, Veronica Anagallis, V. Beccabunga. V. Chamadrys occurring together in a group. To compress the matter in trivial name f: n by so revious author; the herbalists of a previous day; this was undoubtedly = —_ therefore, as clos ae ase ‘can to Linneus’s plan, it is nlrb clear that a capital ee must be used in the fol- owing c (a. ) ae ‘old generic name, ¢.49., : Grasse: Lofyledoms Haw. ; ; Galium Cruciata, Gecpoli ; G. Mollugo, L. ; Andromeda Polifolia, L. (b.) A pesiye name, é. ie ia Canca, ge ; : Myrsine Mangliila, R. Br.; Eugenia hekan . (c.) A ai et used instead of an adjective (an uncommon aw e Gs us Globulus, La Bill. (d.) A sian used in the genitive case, e.9., n Halleri, Willd.; Rosa Monsonie, Lindl. ; Dodo sialon Emodi, (e.) A Seanete used adj ectively i in commemoration, ¢. 9., Russelliana, Sm.; Grimmia Donniana, Sm.; “ar Boryana, er names must begin with a onal) letter, as adjectives, even if dacived from places or other genera, Collomia _ gillicides, Benth. ; Fanaceton crithmifolium, Linn. an nunculoi — this last case Loos seems to on ‘been somewhat incon- tent. These rules have been practically observed from the date of the first edition of the ‘ Species Plantarum ’ (1758) till now, with M 82 BOTANICAL NOMENCLATURE. M. seidelii, M. seitziana,” and so on, offend the sight of tho doctiatomed to pote methods, and can win no adhe art to sdb a system. I ds one very forcibly of the two Australian rascals, ‘ ‘diebhintegthelse with a little m, and brutus with a little b,” sketched by Mr. Charles Reade in his novel, ‘It is Never too Late to Mend.’ These examples a me that Haworth’s genus should be written Mammillaria (Pl. Sue 177). Reichenbach in 1827 seems to have led the pid in stant it, and Bentham ‘and sera o so in the ‘Genera wor ehaivte Morsus. Pythiwm De Baryanum is too monstrous to pass in that form. ebaryanum or Baryanum if you please; either combine the pre- position with the following noun or discard it, as in Vanheurckia, réb., or Cand ndollea, Lab. The last item in my present communication is on the ill- advised abbreviations used by certain writers from whom one thi DC. being too well known for any possible mistake, and consecrated by long babiade, me akg combinations of initials also should be eschewed ongs do not make a right, and if one cannot support each other. §. & M. for Se and Mauri, M. . K for Merten ns and Koch, O. & H. for Oliv r and Hicth, and K 4 tion. H. & T. has fr requently been used for Hooker and ei 8 ‘ Muscologia Britannica,’ whilst H. f. & T. means Hooker [fil.] and Thomson's ‘ Flora ica :’ two entirely different sets of authors their co - to expand it te to the A form. “ Webs Mohr.” and ‘ Kar. Kir.” ne e sign & to complete the reference. I have — the example of zoologists as only to be shunned; their rules MOSSES COLLECTED IN IRELAND. 83 not run on the same line as do ours, and reform is hopeless in their case. may mention that a contemporary zoologist is using for his own species the initial W., which fifty years ago was understood to mean nothing but Willdenow, but which practical good sense now - writes Willd. For further examples of the mischievous method of abbreviating author’s names, see M. DeCandolle’s ‘La Phytographie,’ pages 272-278, where will be found remarks of weighty significance. I —_ not say how full of fog matters that volume is, but sur ill bow to M. DeCandolle’s judgment, whilst they might dispute the views here set forth were they unsupported. ON SOME MOSSES COLLECTED IN IRELAND. By Davip Orr. Havine entrusted to Professor Lindberg, of Helsingfors, a large mber of Mosses which I had myself collected in different parts of Ireland, I have lately had the psasiite of receiving from him ist, in which he gives his identification of the species in my collection. Among them I find five species and three varieties not hitherto included 1 in any work with which I am acquainted on British Mosses, viz. - Ceratodon conicus, “Sch. On the sandhills of the North Bull, ublin. Bryum Mildeanum, Jur. About Kilrock Quarry, Howth. Schistophy yllum Orri, Lindb.* Rocky slopes in Ballinascorney Glen, Co. Dublin. This I have frequently ssstribated under the name of Fissidens adiantoides, Hedw. ; Campylopus paradowus, Wils. Orevices of rocks, south side, near the summit of the Hill of Howth Racomitrium obtusum, Br. Dublin Mountains ; not uncommon. R. obtusum, var. se With the former; not rare. ypitymedon cylindricus, B. & 8., var. Daldinit. Tore Mountain, mney. wel molluscum, Dill., var. robustum. Mangerton Mountain, ney. Besides the above, not hitherto recorded as British, Professor Lindberg finds among my specimens the following five species new to Ireland :-— - “en = base described by Prof. eer sat the ‘ oe me aie bass 80, he locality as follows:—‘: Hibernia, in agger : He g gives t 6 locality a-river, haud procul Glasnevin ut ‘ Fissidens viridulis ?’)” We learn from Mr. Orr that he found the moss in two - localities at Glasnevin—“ on stones in the bed of the River Tolka, which are left in summer ;” and “at an old quarry on north bank of t Botanic Gardens.” There seems some probability that the ie plant may have been accidentally introduced in its Trish localities. Ep. Jour J 84 DOCTRINE OF CLEISTOGAMY. Dicranum Poems Web. & M. Wet rocks near the top of Powerscourt Wate dD. a ir serge Wiis In the wood on south side of Powerscourt an terf: Timmia a norvegica, Zett. Among crags on the west side of Lake ree Co. Wicklow. Orthotrichum gr Wils. On an alder tree at head of alttaaccdiney Gap ublin Hypnum Ne iene Brid., var. On wet spongy spots on the Sutton side of Howth. MR. DARWIN’S DOCTRINE OF CLEISTOGAMY. By 8. Le M. Moorz, F.L.S. Ar page 848 of his ‘Forms of Flowers’ Mr. Darwin argues with — to gegen that ‘‘if a plant were pr evented either early or late in the on from fully expanding its corolla, with some echettion in she a0 but with no loss of the power of self- fertilisation, then natural selection might = complete the work and render it strictly cleistogamic.” The examination of a very small female flower of a vegetable-marrow eee in the open air, has led me to dissent from this conclusion. his flower was ot two and a half times smaller than is usual with the species. All its parts were equally reduced ; the lobes of the calyx were a a unequal, as also those of the corolla, which was much paler in colour than is usual. here was nothing to remark about the styles and stigmas, except that the former were was greatly struck with the extremely small size of this flower, the difference between the two forms being much greater than in some undoubted cases of ae to opti aronaee by s the Hoya carnosa grou: ed by Mr. Darwin (I. c. p. 831), isch i was supposed to have been fertilised without floral expansion and production of stamens. But in a review of Mr. Darwin’s work (Journ. Bot. 1877, p. 376) I pointed out that there was only too much reason for the belief than an unfortunate blunder had been committed in this case. I may also remark that t there is no reason ordinary si e produced at the same time, but the plant was a healthy one "olgarad in the task of ripening marrows.* It was s the ne of these marrows came quite to perfection, and the cold weather of October sock ‘billed the plant, so that the small flowers were, I s suppose, due in great measure to the roe of the season. But this does not lessen the validity of the view here m DOCTRINE OF CLEISTOGAMY. 85 resemblance in many respects to a cleistogamic flower that led me to notice what I thought might be a peculiarity due solely to the separation of the sexes—namely, the expansion of the corolla—and I reasoned in this way. We know that the first external sign of fertilisation is withering of the floral envelopes or petals; also that if pollination of an expanded flower is prevented, the perianth remains fresh for some time, a fact so well recognised that the Mr. Scott’s cases are not in point; neither do I know anything further of Campanula colorata than the mere statement of the fact that it bears flowers intermediate between open and closed (Darwin, l.c., p. 880). There is, however, the genus Viola, which answers of the antedimorphic condition of the genus. At some period, but under conditions which it is impossible to dogmatise upon, it woul appear that trimorphism set in, afterwards followed by orphism by the elimination in some case or cases of the closed flowers, ite i i ery 0 86 DOCTRINE OF CLEISTOGAMY. Upon this supposition the genus was never truly trimorphic, but only dimorphic. How is it possible to explain this case by the aid of Mr. Darwin’s doctrine ? Some people may say “ the species of r Bp then brought about by natural selection. It is o summer-flowering species would not produce closed flowers.” This The objection to this will be that the summer development of closed flowers is an adaptive modification. Granting this to be a valid objection, it becomes necessary to treat the hypothesis in the only way in which it is possible to refuse assent to the whole body of s philosophy, namely, by questioning its premises. The h universal experience; in fact it was only the other day that Mr. Hart in these pages (Journ. Bot. 1880, vegetation being of a perennial character. But further comment is useless, as the doctrine immediately collapses when questioned in way. I believe, then, that cleistogamy is caused by the physiological condition of great fertility wi t crossi species of Hranthemum, and many other instances. On the other hand, by adopting it, we escape from the dilemma of ascribing to an agency or agencies hostile to reproduction, the origin of a form . of it betraying so astonishing an amount of vitality. 87 ON ERYTHRAA CAPITATA, Wri. By Frepericx Townsenp, M.A., F.L.8. Since my notice in this Journal for November, 1879, of a remarkable Mrythrea a the neighbourhood of Freshwater, in the Isle of Wight, I have had the opportunity of comparing it with an aiithentic spocinntl of Erythrea capitata, an have lately stated, in a more extended notice read before the conclusion that Willdenow’s plant and that from the Isle of Wight form two varieties of the same species, with the following dharpoters, I defer heading the varieties with a specific character, in the hope that future opportunities ed enable me to draw up a adie perfect one than I could now giv BE. carrrata, Willd., var. a. spherocephala.—Caule (3-8 p plerumque simplici et solitario erecto subangulato, foliis edie , calyce corolle qualii, filamentis in imo tubi corolle ‘insertis, stylo obliquo, quadranti parte ovarii sub anthesid — capsula calycem excedente. (1) vel (2). In pascuis apri On. the covey of Freshwater, Isle of Wight, and Newhaven, Sussex. Sacer gear ne Caul eae in su ri parte ramum nudiusculum unum ittet. per * awe capitulo ‘efannieal emi Var. 3. Willdenowiana. Bracteis acutis, pan calycis angustioribus, | Taciniis a omalie abiuaibie et acu- tioribus. ‘Latet locus natalis.’ The — Pegg om of E. capitata is the following, given by Chamisso :—“ Erythrea capitata, foliis elliptico- -lanceolatis Pd ismaps evolinesscnt,’ p. 9 a 315). The longer description given mer and Schultes’s ‘Syst. Veg.’ was pro nit written by ov dies. Schlechtendahl, who took care of his friend Willdeno herbarium, = sent many notes to Schultes on “Reliquie Willdenowian The true “R. eager Willd., is wanting in Willdenow’s herbarium, and the only specimens preserved are the “Herbarium Generale” at + Be rii Since Willdenow’s time the plant has not been found, and it appears that a capitate form of E. Centaurium, Pers., has s been taken for EL. capitata, Willd., and is described in Floras as E. Centauriwm 88 SHORT NOTES. var. capitata, Rem. & Sch. One of the most marked features in FE. capitata, Willd., is the nearly free filaments, which, instead of th e in di sm. I do not believe it to be a monstrosity, because the plant is abundant on the downs through- t a able ar extending over three or fonr miles in throughout this area are constant. Nor can the plant be a hybrid, for the only species occurring on the sam und are E. Centaurium and EF. pulchella, neither of which exhibit cha- racters which approach those which I have described as peculiar to our plant. SHORT NOTES. ontanus purpureus elegans. Mr. Vernon was a Fellow of Peter- house at that time, and the record of this fern rests wholly upon an much altered until recently. I have examined all the possible places frequently, and so did the late Prof. Henslow, who marks it that they made a mistake. But I do not know what was to extir- pate the plant between Vernon and Relhan’s time, as ferns were not then systematically transplanted as is now unfortunately the case.—C. C. Basineron, SHORT NOTES. 89 Txe Avrnorsmp or tar Tarp Eprrion or ‘Enerisx Botany. Es Wahave been requested to aibteak the following Scosaies dance: a ** Thames Ditton, Jan. 28, 1881, ‘* Dear Mr. Newsoutp,—Are you aware that a report has been spread among botanists to the effect that you are almost as truly 0 : h originated with yourself, nor in any way can hee been beset or encouraged by you. But doubtless there may be many bota- nists who are less favourably placed for forming a correct ree pa inthe matter. And even a foolish allegation may become converted into an accepted tradition afterwards through Bbbihg a presently uncontradicted cur ** Dr. Boswell handagitaly acknowledged useful assistance given to him by yourself, in making references and tracing out various ener details. But surely you and I shall both concur in holding 0 be a special characteristic of ‘Hnglish Botany,’ in its third sdition that it is essentially and pee the work of one mind, g to portion. It digests into one comprehensive whole, re-written and re-tested afresh, the variously and utterly disconsaeted descriptions of the ‘age gee edition “M use the freedom of urging you to take some step towards contradiction of the false rumour? To my judgment this appears to be called for, not only as a matter of justice towards Dr. Boswell, but also in support of your own reputation for truth and conscientious de ealing.—I am, yours very truly, ’ ON. “The Rev. W. W. Newzourn, Kew.” Hewerr C. Wars «* Montague House, Kew, Jan. 31st, 1881. *“ Dear Mr. Wane have only received your letter in time answer it now. I am much obliged to you for calling my attention to the vitality of a ridiculously absurd rumour, which I ought had been killed years ago. ** Every one who knows what I am, and what the great merits of Dr. Boswell’s ‘English Botany’ are, must be sure I a little capable of writing a book like that as the frog is of enlarging itself to the size of the ox. Dr. Boswell has always done me more than justice, and any one who says the contrary must be very ignor. ked. a rege y nat vise where this rumour exists, I put this letter at your disposal, and am, sincerely yours . . WBOULD. “H.C. Watson, Esq., Thames Ditton.” W. W. Ne 90 SHORT NOTES. CAMPANULA ROTUN 1n Japan. —In a small set of Japanese _—— kindly ey to me sy Mr. J. Bisset, I was n is the Cilici ) C. eymbalaria, Sibth. & Sm., which, curiously enough, Boteaiat places next C. rotundifolia, Sm.{ The last mentioned author’s oe of Campanule, involving the suppression of A. De -Candolle’s two primary sections — and a seems to me a distinctly retrograde step.— Henry IF’, Hance ORNITHOGALUM TENUIFOLIUM, Guss., IN PortugaL.—lI am indebted Amon is an felesta a which I at once referred to 0. soca ‘of Gussone (0. Gussonii, Tenore), a plant which ranges on the n Sethe. ‘idle of the a ee from Greece to m Egypt to Maroc found also in Corsic Baers and plies js Booltor Se islan Strange to say it had ‘eek itherto been recorded from the Beeciak peninsula, and appears only in Wilkomm and Lange’s ‘ Prodromus Aare nice’ under the head of “Species inquirende,” vol. i,, o Mr. Thompson’s specimens were gathered on the 7th of pril, ‘1880 , at Cascaes, on the coast, west of Lisbon J. G. Baker, of Kew, has kindly examined them m, and agrees in the deter- mination of the species. I have also to thank him for pointing out * Act. hort. Petrop. I. 300. + Reis. in Amur-lande u, a. d. ins, Sachalin, 154, t. 3. ff. 14—19. t Fl. orient. iii., 919. SHORT NOTES. 91 Professor under the name of 0. umbellatum, but is assigned y ILL THE DisTRipuTion in THE ALps or ALCHEMILLA CONJUNCTA, Bab.—The occurrence in the Alps of Alchemilla conjuncta, Bab., a fact which has been familiar to me for upwards of twenty years, having recently been mentioned as a novelty, it is desirable to place upon record what is actually known of the distribution on the Continent of this form of Alchemilla. For the purpose of avoiding e Dauphin and Bourg d’Oisans, Dauphiné (Haute Isére). 2. August 15th, 1860; La Bérarde Dauphiné (Haute Isére). 8. August 22nd, 1860; Val Pellice, Western Piedmont. 4. July 31st, 1874. Ormond dessus, Canton Vaud, Switzerland. Professor Babington further informs me that in the year 1878 he received from the Rey. Augustin Ley garden-grown specimens of Alchemilla conjuncta from a plant obtained near the Tosa Falls, in the Val Formazza, Piedmont. In the ‘ Cybele Britannica’ (vol. i., p. 863, 1847), Mr. Watson states that this species had been gathered in Switzerland by Mr. Twining, and that specimens from Gouan, supposed to have been collected in the Pyrenees, are in the herbarium of the late Sir alpina, L. (See * Students’ Flora,’ 2nd edition, p. 123.) Nyman admits it as a species in his ‘ Sylloge Flore Europe,’ 1854, p. 276, and in the ‘ Conspectus,’ 1878, p. 238, with the localities Scotland and Faroe. So far as I know, it is ignored by every other foreign botanist, although it is certainly to be found in France, tzerland. and Italy, and is probably widely distributed in ws. . urope.— Oxrorpsuire Roses. —In a hedge on the chalk-downs near Goring, Oxon, I noticed a Rose which has proved to be Rosa aspernata, Déség., an interesting record, since it extends very con- siderably its northern range. On the marly district of Stonesfield, between Woodstock and Charlbury, occurred a fine bush of Rosa osinciana, Besser. Mr. Baker has seen specimens of each.— E. G, . Davo 92 Notices of Books and Memotvrs. The Characee of Ames By T. F. Auten, A.M., M.D. Parts 1, 2. E. Cassino, Boston, U.S. Characee anciins Wambo: Disrie a T. F. Atcen, M.D. = ee s. 1- 10. Dr. ina considers that Chara seunl eal be inclu ded in Bra aggregate species C. gymnopus, its only definite distinction ian that the globules and nucules are developed separately at erent nodes of the same branchlet. In support of the view t at number vious spec With regard to the plates, it is much to ce ‘genta that bs agate of "he work has been so much impaired by their being coarsely and inaccurately executed, an y are not improved by the colours in which they are ted. Under the second title, we have received the first part of what promises to be a most interesting addition = Aer published speci- mens of Characea. It contains nos. 1-10 which are two new species—Nitella intermedia, Nordstedt, whic is allied to N. gracilis; and N. megacarpa, Alle en, a very striking plant of the polyglochin group. The specimens pi tae well prepared, and the Nitelle especially reflect Great credit on Dr. Allen for the care he has bestowed upon them. H. & J. G. Mr. R. = on eras ‘Australian Orchids’ — progress ith satisfactory arity, the seventh part of the one and the sixth of the other hind been lately issued. Baron von Mueller's careful plates and exhaustive descriptions, comprising ch tter of econom importance, leave nothing to be desired, and Mr erald NOTICES OF BOOKS AND MEMOIRS. 93 1879,’ by Baron von Mueller; and a very useful list of Australian Alge by Dr. Sonder, in which the Australian distribution of each species is briefly indicated ; this last forms a supplement to vol. xi. of the ‘ Fragmenta. Unver the title ‘ Illustrations of British Fungi,’ Dr. M. C. Cooke has commenced the issue of a series of octavo coloured plates, ‘‘ to Nz EW Booxs.—A. Lez Jouis, ‘ Liste des Algues Marines de Cher- bourg’ (Paris, Bailliére).—N. L. Manrcuann, Brean pet seein Pharmaco- médicale ‘ (fase. ba (Paris, D oin). — ‘ Traité de Botanique’ (fase. i.), (Paris, Savy) aia Wisc, "« Botany of California,’ vol. ii. (Cambridge, Mass. ARTICLES IN JOURNALS. JANUARY. Sciences Nat. (Bo sep ser. Vi., tom. x., —A. Pau oom ‘ Researches on the of light in ger ermination ’ (con- ang 16s.) — E. Bes lioness ‘ « Bayolesical Flora of Reunion (par Bot. Zeitung.—A. de Bary, ‘On the classification of Thallo- phytes.’—R. Cario, ‘Anatomical Researches on Tristicha hypnoides.’ Bull. Soc. Bot. de Belgique (vol. xix., pt. 2).—H. Pittier, ‘ On the disisibution ; in the Swiss Alps of Gentiana lutea, G. purpurea, and punctata.’—F', Crepin, ‘ Notes paléophytographiques ’ (Spheno- phyllum A gireng re Sphenopteris Sauveurii, spp. nov.)—T. Durand, ‘Additions to the Flora of Liége.’—H. Marchal, ‘Notes on Hederacee collected by E. André in N. Grenada,’ &e.’ Brebissonia (Dec. 81).—P. Miquel, ‘Researches on the Organisms of the Air’ Ange ide os: of the Ches sek: M, ‘E. Banning, ‘ New Maryland Fu ngi’ (Agaricus (Ti richotoma) cellaris, A. (T.) Brownei, a cinnamomea, variata).—W. K. Higley, ‘ Carnivorous Plant : Hlora—W. Nylander, ‘ Addenda ad “ae euro- peam. com Dehnecke, ‘On the motion of the protoplasm of the plant-cell Suchetpia: —R. Wollny, ‘ The Marine Alge of Heligoland.’ a gel Nov. Lapok.—‘ Centenary of oo. ’—J. Schaar- schmidt, ‘On the division of Closterium intermediu 1. . (Huddersfield).—C. P. Hobkirk, ‘ How to examine a oss.’ 94 PROCEEDINGS OF SOCIETIES. (Esterr. Bot. Zeitschrift—‘J. S. Poetsch’ (portrait).—J. C. Schlosser, ‘ Senecio Vukotinovici, n. sp..—M. Seeland, ‘ On a trunk from the Pasterzen-glacier..—M. Gandoger, hue Plantarum novarum’ (contd.; forms of Woodsta rena and Potamogeton trichoides).—C. Marchesetti, ‘An Excursion to Aden.’— tro ‘Flora of Etna’ (continued).—J. Murr, ‘On the Flora of North me 1.,—A. Oberuy, ‘ Vegetation of Thaia’ (Iglau; contd.) cience-Gossip.—G. Massee, ‘Notes on some of our smaller Pang (concluded). Scottish Naturalist—J. Cameron, ‘ Gaelic Names of Plants haere —J. Stevenson, ‘ Supplement to “ Mycologia Scotica.” . White, ‘ Fungi of Perthshire.’—Id., ‘On canine flewile and its sclsiaem to P. alpestre.’ Proceedings of Socteties. Linyean Soctety or Lonpon. February 8rd, 1881.—R. M‘Lachlan, Esq., F.R.S., in the chair. —Lieut.-Col. A. A. Davidson was elected a Fellow.—A note was read from Mr. A. Craig-Christie on the occurrence of stipules in the natural order Ilicinee. In several books it is stated this order = a leaves, but specimens of Ilex Aquifoliwm were own were heabacd Mr. Christie also called attention to the extreme scarcity of holly berries this season in the Lothians generally. wai The following paper by al George Bentham was read :—‘ Notes llow entirely lost, and random guesses have been made at the species intended by the short characters given in Roemer and Schultes’ ‘Systema.’ Nees von EHsenbeck, in the 7th, 8th, and 10th volumes of the ‘Linnea,’ and Kunth, in vol. ii. of his excel- lent ‘Enumeratio,’ appear to have correctly identified many of these. Highteen so-called genera are here referred to various established genera. Steudel’s ‘Synopsis’ is marked by the author’s haziness - species. "Bocdkles has a thorough a of species, but his diagnoses are often excessivel the order, as to whether the fertile flower is ocigans ackanee or female only, bears the test of detailed examination Hermaphrodite flowers. | Distasat flowers. 1. Scirpee. : cirp 2. Hypolytr 2. Scleriez. 3. fee aneceo: 5. Caricex. LINNEAN SOCIETY. 95 Then followed a short paper under the heading of ‘ Remarks on the Coffee Leaf Disease,’ by Mr. Wm. Bidie, in a letter addressed to and communicated by Mr. J. Cameron, of Bungalore. The Coorg country referred _ is situated in the Western Ghats, and the European varie in coffee has here wholly meth Sap there within the last fet five years, and no disease was observed till jour or five years ago. The somes mentions that the peti ‘ appears to have ge imported from Ceylon or ed way 0 oe t fr gloon, a district of Mysore, ae miles dista om Coorg. It seems worst in pared a exposed fields, ae least where there is shade and rich soil. _ red insect has been noticed e disease as yet remains mide termined. Plants grown from been successfully tried, a ‘pit being dug at short intervals, wherein, by pruning, are burie d all the affected leaves; and this seems to check the spread of the disease, particularly among the Coorg er Coffee Disease in Sou ith America,’ describing and summarising the data extant, and showing that up to the present time coffee plantations in Ve ee Costa Rica, Bogota, Caraccas, and amaica have been affect February 17th. eat Crisp, Esq., LL.B., F.L.8., in the chair.—Mr. W. Wickham exhibited and made "remarks on two collections of plants from the Arctic regions. Of the fifty-seven — of flowering eg —— by yeh in H. A. Markham in 4 lya was stocked ? The second collection of be: ne 8g “Oo ons oO fen) it eB < i) Sef & oO cams land, obtained by Mr. Grant, who accompanied Mr. Leigh mith in his successful voyage S ther i in 1880. Some sixty-one species ‘of flowering plants were collected, but from the account 96 BOTANICAL NEWS. that the criticisms on it published by M. Alphonse DeCandolle in hand direction), by the term right-hand contortion; that the apparent direction of rotation of the heavenly bodies appears reversed if the spectator looks north instead of south; that the direction of rotation is the same whether the observer supposes himself within or without the helix; but that the apparent direction of contortion of a helix is altered if the spectator reverses the direction in which he looks along its axis Botantcal News. WE understand sso the printing of Mr. B. D. Jackson’s ‘ Guide to the Literature of Botany’ is completed, with the exception of the no rl work is expected to be ste for issue towards the end of this month. The total number of additions to Pritzel’s ‘ Thesaurus’ is stated to be 5840 Tue Report of the English Dialect Society for 1880 announces that the third and og srk part of Britten and Holland’s ‘ Dictionary of Eng Plant-names’ will be issued during the completed his notes upon it. Mr. Britten has also in preparation a work upon ‘ The Folk-lore of British Plants Ir is with very great regret that we announce the death of Mr. Reeratp A. Pryor, which took place at Baldock on the 18th of last month. r ared in the ‘ pealeninebe Zeitung’ and Max Schulz’s ‘ Arehiy.’ ies - eollestions d books are Saasinahived to the Botanical Institute of Kiel | rsity. or. AtpHonso Woop, of New York, author of ‘A re Botany,’ ‘Fourteen Weeks in Botan ‘The Am Botanist and Florist,’ died on January 4th of this year. Tue death i is announced of Dr. Jonny J. Biaspy, F.R. 8. ., on 10th rg dss. H and Fauna of the Siberian Period,’ «F] of —— and Carboniferous Formations,’ and other paleontological .Leesil. ror " + Le 2. Pat ge a a, 97 Original Articles. A NEW VARIETY OF CAREX PILULIFERA, L. _ By Henry N. Rivtey, B.A., F.L.S. (Tas. 218). been added to the British Museum Herbarium, and have been placed in my hands ‘Science Gossip’ for December last and reproduced at p. 24 of this al, Carex Saxumbra. He ; specimens, ‘“ You will observe its affinity wi é pilulifera, of s Watson and Mr. Baker coincided, however, in the opinion that it was worth naming. .....- It grew in very large tufts, in deep shade, from the crevices and on the overhanging escarpments of red grit rocks, overhung and overgrown with cotch fir, wych elm, and oak The leaves are narrow, deep bright green, with reddish brown sheaths at base, long fibrous roots, and long leafy bracts.” Th t is undoubtedly a variety of Carex pilulifera, as ably long and curved, extending far beyond the terminal spikelet, long and slender. The male spikelet is shorter and darker in colour than in the normal variety. The nut differs from that of typical pilulifera in its longer beak, larger size, and longer, almost if ape; the down with which it is covered is also shorter and scantier. The glume is red, with a dorsal green projecting form are those of th d th S ( some extent at least correlated with the locality in which this plant t) N.s. vou. 10. [Apriz, 1881.] 98 THE MORPHOLOGY OF THE LEAF OF FISSIDENS. the lower bracts; it was collected by R. J. Shuttleworth ‘In locis lucidis sylve ibang prope Bern This is the nearest approach that I have seen to the Yorkshire plant. I propose to name it Carex pilulifora, var. Leesti. N oF PraTE 218.— Carex pilulifera, L., var. Leesii. 1, fruit esi: 2, fruit of C. pilulifera (enlarged). THE MORPHOLOGY OF THE LEAF OF FISSIDENS. By Ricuarp Spruce. The leaves of Fissidens were or iginally 3-lobed ; with the baghe and longer lobe, by a half-turn on its axis, placed vertically, i +@., a right angles to the other two lobes oil to the base of the leaf, vohich is inserted transversely on the stem. As we now usually see them, the lobes have become connate ; the two lateral lobes complicate into an equitant sheath, and at the keel, but especially at the apex, winged with the vertical medial lobe ; but are still occasionally found more or less dissevered, as in the ancestral type a male flower of Fissidens sper hides I have found the chin leaves, and a more or less rudimentary nerve, reed extending to the base of bi vie See also ‘ Bryol. Eur c. 17, Fissidens — bryoid 2, f. 10, and Sullivant’s : hanes Muscorum,’ ae an irda Vy Oe me, f. 20, where male bracts, more or less distinctly 3-lobed, are figure Aa inte ower of “F, pusillus,’” Sch. Syn. ed. = F, viridulus, Sw., var. synoicus, one or both oi the bests is Me unfrequently seen 8 lobed. I found one instance of the innermost bract being reid canaliculate (not damplieatel: che: just above the middle into two lanceolate patent lobes ; the nerve (proceeding m the base of this leaf) forked at midway, dia'o one branch of the fork continued up each lobe to its apex. At the sinus was a minute tongue-shaped process, evidently the aborted iuadial lobe, or lamina, facet bbe. had been usurped by, and shared between, the two These cases, and other er are oe that might be cited, show conclusively that the leaf of Fissidens is really 3-lobed ; in the primitive Fissidens cloven parhate ‘heal or quite to the a the lobes having subsequently become ‘‘ connate” in the manner which THE MORPHOLOGY OF THE LEAF OF FISSIDENS. 99 angles to the latter when flattened out. All this is independent of the presence or absence of a nerve, for the leaf of F. hyalinus, to consist of only two planes, and not of three, as in the normal eaf of Fissidens. See in Lindenberg and Gotische’s ‘ Species Hepaticarum,’ the figures of Micropterygiwm, fase. 11, t. 21; and in Hooker’s ‘ Musci Exotici,’ the figures of (ottschea appendiculata, t. 15, and of G. Thouarsii, t. 48, which have leaves formed on the same plan as those of Micropterygium. It must be admitted that, in their normal state, lobed or deeply- cut leaves are rare in the true Mosses; yet we have examples o ch lobe ;—a somewhat ana te bilobed leaf of a Fissidens above described. e diligent observer ill call to mind frequent cases of Nesignaty from the ordinary sse e almost unoccupied field of research to any young bryologist desirous of distinguishing himself. 100 A REVISION OF THE INDIAN SPECIES OF LEEA. By ©. B. Cuarxz, M.A., F.L.S. Tue species of the genus Leea indigenous to British India are arranged by Prof. Lawson, in Sir J. D. Hooker’s ‘ Flora of British India,’ 1., 664-668. My friend Sulpicius Kurz has subsequently, in the ‘ 5 ournal of the Asiatick ety of Bengal,’ 44, u., 178-180, and in his ‘ Flora of British Burma,’ i., 278-281, dealt with the genus in a very different manner. In naming up my own collection of yenen Labs for distribution, I have been obliged to compare Lawson and Kurz. In the follow ing notes I have for convenience ineluded all the Indian species, but I feel little confidence in the limits of any except the Bengal ones, all of which I know well by sight, as I took rather a special interest in the genus. Leea is known, when in flower, from Vitis by the prominent white and fay staminal tube; when in fruit, by the saree inher of cells (4—8) in each berry. It is also Se aialig know ty its Bien habit and want of tendrils; but there are iw dian Vines, viz., V. spectabilis, Kurz, and V. cordata, Wall., which are upright, without stipules. In the fruits of Leea some of the carpels often are abortive, so that 1-3-seeded berries are pea : but in most fruiting examples s some 4-6-seeded berries o _ As regards the characters that should be employed for specific Senor in this Gan I have no absolute reliance on those used by Lawson and Kurz, but have no better to propose. Lawson dinitys “the sihieiOL, of the leaves for primary divisions, and then places as the only species in his first simple-leaved section a plant (Leea latifolia, Wall.) that has pinnate leaves. Kurz relies much on the notching of the lobes of the staminal tube, which i fe a very uncertain character in the well-known species; for i character of his Leea gigantea the mark, ‘seeds tubercled-keeled, the edges tubercled-ribbed ”; but the seeds of all the eet known the neta flower so long as wet; but directly the sun dries it the filaments Wiesietten themselves, and the anthers are long- exserted. I know no species, nor have I seen a single plant, w — . ayngeneaious' ; and Brandis (as well as Lawson) introduces the A REVISION OF THE INDIAN SPECIES OF LEEBA, 101 character ‘ ee connected ” or ‘ anthers free ” into the specific descriptions. z has ignored this SHereneen, and, I doubt not, rightly ; the ‘“ psf ” theory seems @ priori improbable ; while, if the mucilaginous flowers ar pressed wet, the anthers appear connected in the herbarium. The colour of the berry is an excellent character in the field, of and, I elas. absolute, z.e., none of the red-berried species hee ever been known to produce a re berry ; but all these berries wither to black at last. The berries of Leea are exceedingly acrid till the moment when they Hh perfectly ripe, when they are edible, and resemble in flavour small grapes. The colour of the flowers has been used by Kurz as a discrimi- nating mark of species, and it is, in my judgment, one of the best, most decisive, and most absolute in the genus; the petals in one set of sone are a greenish white, in another set a fine red. I have never known a case in whic alt one 0 ie ae flowered aa pro- ris a greenish white flow r vice he ¢ of the petals is so marked that : can he distinguialied in the piketeatione in fairly-prepared example Series A. Rubriflora.—Petals red. (All with compound leaves ; none arborescent; none with the close primary nerves of the Sect. Pycnoneure). Sect. 1. Enazwortaim. Leaves all 1-pinnate. 1. L. anata, Edgw. in Trans. Linn. Soc., xx. 36.—Glabrous or nearly so, leaves 1-pinnate, ripe berries red. Laws. in Fl. Brit. Ind. i. 665 ; Brand: For. Fl. 102; L. rubra, Royle Ill. 145, not of Blume; L. Staphylea, Wall. “vist 6824, . partly, not of Rox Sirmoor, Wallich ; Gurwhal, Falconer ; North-west India, Royle ; ct Dhoon, Edgeworth ; Sikkim Terai, J. D. Hooker ; Sikkim Terai sgirtun oor be are alt. 0-500 feet, C. B. Clarke. , 2-5 feet high, stiff not succulent. Leaves pinnate none 2. -pinnate in the herbarium tips of branches, nor do I pauline any 2-pinnate lower leaves. Leaflets in the upper leaves 5-9, 10 by 24 in., oblong, shortly acute, rounded or rhomboid, unequal ieee stipules large, steadied ein ous. Peduncles 8-8 in out. Coryms dense, Senegee ts minutely seni agin! feng brani and bracteoles none, even in the corymbs ¢ only, gone of the staminal ibe Sate: oblong: emarginate, erries +} in with 4-6 carpels.—Kurz s ays, in “Journ. As. Soc. Beng., ai ii. -'180, that his L. sanguinea in ‘ Journ. As. Soc. Beng.,’ 42. ii. 66, deseri ‘bed with much more compound le aves and an orange berry, was L. alata, Bdgw. I believe Kurz never saw alat 102 A REVISION OF THE INDIAN SPECIES OF LEEA. rrironiata, Laws. in Fl. Brit. Ind. i. 666.—Leaves 1-pin- nate, leaflets 3 r 5, of which the two lowest are much reduced, elliptic shortly escebianien pubescent on the nerves beneath, peduncle short, corymb pubescent, bracts narrowly lanceolate linear, subpersistent. South-east Assam; Namroop, near the Patkoy Mts., Griffith . (Herb. Propr. n. 1298) ; Bootan, Booth ; Assam, sma Jenkins ; eenan ; Mishmee, Griffith ( Herb. Propr. n. 1844; but from the number I suspect this + isa was collected in the Patkoy ranges : the locality Mishmee has been freely added to Griffith’s Patkoy collection by the ae of somebody in Europe who imagined that the Patkoy Mts. were ishmee. ‘*A shrub, 8 feet high’ ” (Griffith). Upper 3 leaflets attain 5 by 84 in., rhomboid at the base, nearly nan denticulate ; ; primary nerves ach side the midrib 12, e din. a secondary nerves tobe) parallel, conspicuous ; Tweet 2 leaflets near the apex of the long subpersistent stipules, sometimes appearing as mere auricles to it, sometimes } in. long, only yet sdiplonog some- times deltoid tenearget half as large as the 8 upper leaflets. Pedunele 1 in. Corym small ; s } by one-twelfth in. Berry tin in diam. ; 6-4- celled.—I am not sure of the “affinity of this species, I am not even sure that the corolla is red; but, should the corolla turn out to be green, I cannot agree with Prof, Lawson that the species is “ adonely allied to L. aspera.’ 8. L. p pumita, Kurz in Journ. As. Soe. 41, ii. 802; 44, ii. 179; For. Fl. i. 278.—Leaflets of the upper leaves 5, densely softly villous nei when young, corymbs peduncled, villous, appearing as compound umbels. L. sanguinea, M‘Lell s. Prome, M‘Lelland ; Karen Country and Tonkyeghat, Kurz. The examples of M‘Lelland and Kurz are simple shoots 6-9 in. long, bearing each 2 or 3 young leaves upwards and 1 flowering ou 2. Larx. Leaves 2-pinnate, none foe aes 3-pinnate. . L. acummvata, Wall. List, 6830.— Upper leaves bipinnate ; eal scriaaeastes eiutate, obscurely or crenately toothed, glabrous; minutely rusty-villous, i stout; ripe berries orange- se agit 2 Staphylea, Wall. List, mm 27 Bengal Terai, alt. 0-2500 feet, eas Sikkin to Upper Assam, and A REVISION OF THE INDIAN SPECIES OF LEEA. 108 from the base of the Garrow Hills to Muneypoor, Wallich, H./. & T., &c. ; common and often collected. A succulent, weak under- era 2-3 feet high, with large flaccid leaves, and the whole corymb coralloid- red, growing in moist shade Uppermost leaves net always bipinnate ; eae round, not stout ; uppermost leaflets oblong, lowest eaflets often ovate ; petiolules ft b not dotted beneath : primary nerves on each side the midrib 10, 4 in. apart; secondary nerves somewhat close, parallel, and promi- nent : leaflets usually obscurely toothed, with 1-8 teeth for each main nerve, sometimes with blunt distant crenatures ; stipules early deciduous. Corymb RePnen ‘a E pean pig and bracteoles on ing buds only. Lobes of the staminal tube subquadrate, ecient io 4-1 in. diam., with 4-6 carpels.—Lawson has placed this with L. sa thongs Hook. f. had noted the scarlet pedicels and flowers. It can be generally separated in the herbarium by the fies oubcaiee inflo- r bu examples, where the pubescence of the corymb is nearly lost, are more difficult to distinguish.—Kurz has Soma icated an Andaman example marked ‘ L. yyy ilar 7? bot it, 4d, ..L, seeks L. sambucina, Willd. ; there is no of the colour, but the young corymb is glabrescent, the leaflets Ts toothed. . L. uma, Wall. List, 6831, et Ic. ined. in Herb. Kew.—Upper leaves bipiniatel leaflets large, acuminate, dotted beneath ; corym very stout, minutely rusty villous, on very stout short peduncles — urz in Journ. As. Soc. 42, i. 65: 44, ii. 179; For. Fl. i. 278. angoon and Prome, Wallich ; Burma and Anda amans, ide Kurz. Distrib. Java.—The Kew Herbarium specimens are marked Bengal,” only without name of collector, and were probably dis- r 18 Species is not known to me alive : i¥ seems so near L. acumi- nata that I imagine ieee ine néltided L. acuminata under his descrip- tion of L. le However, the Bengal L. acuminata is a succulent plant, and ode r shows the thick peduncle, short corymb, and dotted leaves of L. / 6. occinga, Planch. in Hort. Donat. 6.— Upper leaves bipinnate ; leaflets oblong, lanceolate- -caudate, glabrous ; corymbs short- peduneled, g glabrous ; petals rose-red, staminal tube a ees —Bot. Mag 5299; Kurz i in Journ. As. Soe. 44, ii. 178, 179. Not mates in the savannahs and savannah forests of Pegu ; rarely in the ‘iluvial forests of Martaban,”’ Kurz. This species is inserted as Indian on the authority of Kurz: an : Planch., is attogdibes unknown; but I cannot distinguish the cultivated specimens from some of the African examples call L. coccinea by Bojer (Hort. Maurit. 61). L. coccinea much resembles is) is") ~ 104 A REVISION OF THE INDIAN SPECIES OF LEEA. L. acuminata, Wall., but differs therefrom by its very glabrous corymb. rom Kurz saying that the inflorescence of his species was ‘glabrous or nearly so,” and feo his expressing an opinion that L. coccinea might be only a weaker form of L. leta, I cannot get rid of a suspicion that Kurz by L. coccinea meant L. acuminata, Wall., the more especially as I geo Kurz had in his possession a totally different species authoritatively (but wrongly) marked L. acuminata, Wall. Sect. 3. Rusrz. Leaves often 3-pinnate. ra, Blume, Bijd., 197.—Upper leaves 2-3-pinnate ; i short-peduncled ; ripe ue Pho red.— Decne in Ann. d’Hist. Nat. iii. 445; Hassk. Pl. Jav. Rar. 453; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. i. pt. ii. 610 ; in Ann. Mus. Lugd. ‘Bat. i. 96; Kurz in Journ. As. Soe. 44, ii. 180 ; For. Fl. i. 279. —L. sanguinea, Kurz in Journ. As. Soc. 42, ii. 66 ? Dacea, pletial and throughout the Mudhopoor Jungle, C. B. Clarke; Pegu, M‘Lelland: Tenasserim, Helfer (Kew Distrib. n. 1281) ; Attaran, Brandis fide Kurz.—Distrib. Throughout Malaya to Borneo, and Cambodia. he “scarlet dwarf,” rarely more than 1-2 feet high, but spreading, ~~ and suffrutescent. a ie, leaf often thrice- pinnate. aflets 2-3, rarely 4 in. long, oblong or elliptic, acute, hardly aceeeunte: sessile or scarcely petiolated, rhomboid or cuneate at the base, glabrous. Primary nerves (in a terminal leaflet 3 in. long) 11, much ‘ibd beneath in the dried example, but sais ingly thin and acute, crisped ; the bristles on these nerves are good specific character, but are very small and scarcely to be found in ce leaves ; crenations irregular, shallow, obtuse, often 2-8 for ain nervy pic more persistent than i ost species. Peduncle 4 in., stout, more or less 4-winged; corymb dense, often not amie than the petiole; bracts and bracteoles 0, even in th mbs in bud. have been either L. alata, Edgw., 4. sanguinea, Wall. At least, L. sanguinea, Wall., as to the type- Lipeiainad in Wallich’s herbarium, A REVISION OF THE INDIAN SPECIES OF LEEFA. 105 is sacge ically L. leta, and the named specimen of L. sanguinea, ued to Kew from the Calcutta Botanic Garden, i is L. lata ; but it is is Leahily probable that Kurz has got a specimen of L. rubra collected and named by Wa llich L. sanguinea ; for the name I have eae got for L. ruled a n my own herbarium is L. sanguinea, and I have issued it under that name both to Kurz and to L. Wie C. B. Clarke.—Leaves 2-8-pinnate, glabrous ; luatiets elliptic. Innesalate, Rite serrate, not setulose on the branchlets, red rusty vittetie upwar ards : : peta als red.—L. Staphylea, Wight Ill. t. 58, not of Roxb. ; L. robusta, Wight ; in Herb. Propr., not of Roxb., nor of Wall., nor of Laws. Deccan Peninsu la ; Mala bar and Courtallum, Wight, n Referred by all aut thors to L. saa, which the Latte gene- rally resemble, but have the secondary nerves very conspicuous. least red, far less a red corolloid panicle ; nor have I ever seen = sambucina with the upper panicle branches and pedicels villou This may possibly be allied to L. acuminata, Wall., but me leave an 9. L. acureara, Blume, Bijd., 187.—Glabrous; stem and ons oHakly leaves 2-8-pinnate ; leaflets elliptic a ee : mb short t-peduncled. —Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. i. pt. i. 612; reais Lugd. Bat. i. 99. Nicobars ; Katchall, Kurz (in Journ. As. Soe. 45, ii. 124); and a Katchall example has = ee to Kew from Leyden. —Distrib. Malaya and Bor A shrub; ed prickles on Bre stem oe distant. Leaflets 5 by 2 in., the terminal one often cuneate at the base, the lateral rounded ; ne 10 on each side the mi art; crena- tions usually few and somewhat deep ; petiolules (even of the upper flets) often + in.—F the dried examples I guess the petals to have been red, and I suspect the fruits were sat vorrida, Teys. & eo the only other prickly species, has green petals. R b. iv. t.44, adduced for rT. ‘aculeata by Miquel, does not, I paeve reprecent either L. aculeata or L. horrida; the aculeation of the s i t nse, but as Rumphius says the i iL setuticera, ©. B. Clarke-—Uppermost leaves 9-8-pin- nate ; leaflets elliptic, acuminate, elakions: very bristly on both P 106 NOTES ON SHROPSHIRE PLANTS. Ces ; —— slender; corymb small, dense, glabrous (corolla red ? Co nean, Dr. From the well- peel examples of Dr. Stocks it is tolerably certain that the corolla is red; but, whatever the ¢ of the and nae each pair of main ner rves, on the upper surface of t the leaflets, are 8-5 rows of unusually stiff bristles. Pedwncles 1} in bracts soa beeoles 0, even in the corymb in bud. Flowers as in L. rubra (To be continued). NOTES ON SHROPSHIRE PLANTS. By Wiuuu1am E. Becxwirs. (Continued from p. 51.) Jlex Gallii, Planch. On Grinshill Hill. Genista anglica, L. Boggy field near Berrington ; ee ground . tinctoria, L. Very frequent in fields under the Wrekin ; near Cressage Park, Tronbridge, iad the Bulthy Hill. nonis campestris, Koch. Rather rare. Near Dryton, Wroxeter ; Shineton, Ironbridge, and Coalport. O. arvensis, Fries. Much more frequent than the last species : very common near Little Wenlock, Buildwas, and Harley. On li Anthyllis Vulneraria, Li. On limestone rocks near Much Wen- ock. maculata, Sibth. About Eyton Rock, Wroxeter. Melilotus officinalis, Willd. Fields near the Arkoll Hill, Wellington Trifolium arvense, L. Hermitage Hill, Bridgnorth; near Haughmond Abbey, y, and Snow Pool, Dryton Astragalus glycyphyllus, L. On the High oe near Bridgnorth. Ornithopus perpusillus, L. Very abundant on the High Rock, eiicnotth - found also near ae Stretton, Cound, Kyton-on- Severn, Grinshill, and Charlton icia tetrasperma, Moench. Rather frequent about Eaton Con- stantine, Berrington, Wroxeter, Uffington, Bridgnorth, Leighton, and Harley. V. sylvatica, L. Shelton Rough, near Shrewsbury; Jiggers Bank, n near Coalbrookdale ; saat Buildwas Park, Ludlow, Stokesay, and Berwick. Lat are sylvestris, L. Bank of the Severn near Eaton Con- stantine ; near Evenwood Coun Prunus avium, L. Near Buildwas, Leighton, and in Attingham ark. ere are some very fine trees of this species in the woods round Bomere Pool. NOTES ON SHROPSHIRE PLANTS. 107 Spirea Filipendula, L. In a small wood near Much Wenlock Poterium Sanguisorba, L. Frequent near Much Wenlock; near Whitemere Mere. Alchemilla vulgaris, L. Not uncommon about the oe and near Buildwas, Belswardyne, Cound, Leighton, and Shin Potentilla ah neta L. On and near Haughmond me near Dryton, Wro FP. ows zt " Nestl. Very frequent in bogs and by pools near Cound, and Berrington ; by the side of Bomere Pool, and about all the Ellesmere Meres. Frabus Ideus, Lu. Very frequent about ponies and Whee Pyrus torminalis, Ehrh. A eral tree near yr ene several trees in a small wood at Shinewood, near Shineton; a large tree seven feet in circumference by the foot-road from Shineton to ildwas. aria; Gertn. Woods and hedges round the Wrekin, rent. - Lythrum Salicaria, L. Banks of the Severn and Tern; sides of pools about Leighton, and pans aeey and by Whitemere Mere, near Ellesmere Peplis Por tula, L. Mie: frequent in woods round the Wrekin, and near Bomere Poo Epilobium anguolion, L. In several places in the — ee round the base of the Wrekin, but scarcely ever in bloom Grinshill, Slawhery Heath, and Stokesay ; ——— on ichieall Moss, where the variety brachycarpum is most Ireque I. hirsutum, L. Side ear’ pools and ditches ; ai ponent . montanum, L. Very frequent in woods on igh ground. E. roseum, Schreb. Ditches about Harley, and Shineton. A well-marked species differing considerably from FE. montanum in the shape of the leaves. . tetragonum, L. Wet places round the base of the Wrekin ; woods near Bomere Pool; near Cressage ; and Downton Castle. FE. palustre, L. Pools about Ellesmere, Brompton, near Rerciagion, Berwick, and Willey Hall; by the side of the Shrop shire Shas Canal, in many places. Circea Lautetiana, Se 2s; equent in moist wet woods; very Sbatdant round the a Myriophylium soudiies, L. Im ditches near Eyton-on-the Wealdmoors, Wellington. ae spicatum, L. Pools and ditches; very frequent in the Shropshire Union nal. ryonia dioica, Le : Badeeds ; very frequen R L. Hedges near Ha - on cee and ‘Leighton ; very ~~ about Whixall Moss ane Ellesmer . rubrum, L. Wet places in woo ods, Wrekin, and ek Ellesm R. nigrum, L. A few bushes in a wet wood at the aie west base of the Wrekin => 108 NOTES ON SHROPSHIRE PLANTS, Sedum Seger Kook: Frequent just on the borders of Shropshire near Middletown, and. under Moel-y- -golfa Hill: occurs also near Haughmond Abbey. S. reflexum, Walls and rocks about Bridgnorth, Haughmond Hill, and Ludlo S. elegans, Lig On the Longmynds, near Church Stretton. The wasty minus of this species is the S. Forsterianwm of Leighton’s Cotyledon Umbilicus, L. Very frequent about Bridgnorth, Church ona EKyton-on- Severn, Bulthy Hill, Grinshill, and Hawkstone ark. Saxifraga tridactylites, L. Old walls about Bridgnorth, Much Wen spate Acton Burnell. ata, Lu. Frequent on dry sandy banks near Wroxeter Bervington, egies, and Attingham Hall; may be also fo und owing lux yer in wet meadows by the side of the Worfe near Rindleford, Bridgnorth. Chr sien paola. L. Very frequent; abundant by ms, and in wet places near the Wrekin, Cound, rae was. alternifolium, L. By a small brook flowing from the Long- wood to Brockholes Bank, Leighton Parnassia palustris, L. Wet ld sy ideas Cound Moor and Acton Pigot; near Church Preen; ne esmere Mere. Astrantia major, L. On a hill near cor, Ludlow. Cicuta virosa, L. By Colemere and Whitemere Meres ; Hencott » Pool, near Shrewsbury ; and a small pool at Norton, Wroxeter. = its fresh state this plant is sixtaitily not injurious to cattle; Norto y browse it off so closely that I can seldom Mae a specimen in flower; and at cides Mere I have also found it eaten off. Helosciadiwm inundatum, Koch. -prsing Kae a Bomere Pools ; pools near Eaton Consta ntine, a nd Upton Mag Petroselinum sativum, Hoff. Rocks sc ‘Bridgnorth, and Eyton-on-Severn. Sium — L. Frequent along the rae of the Shropshire Union nal near Uffington, Upton Magna, and Withington ; by Uolamore Mere, and in ditches near Kyton-on- Dey aldose ors. enanthe jfistulosa, L, Frequent about Berrington, Bomere, Eaton Constantine, and Ellesmere 2. croca ea Frequent by = Severn and Tern, and near Buildwas, ree mn, and Ellesmer Oe, Phellandrium, Lam. Prequenk about Berrington, Ellesmere, and Whixall Moss ; T have also found it at Sundorne and Cressage. Silaus pratensis, Besser. Fields near Longwood Eaton Con- stantine ; near Leighton, and round Much Wenlock. Pastinaca sativa, L. On the ruins of Uriconium at Wrox- | Charophyllum Anthriseus, Lam. Near Bridgnorth, Cound, and roxeter, NOTES ON SHROPSHIRE PLANTS. 109 Myrrhis odorata, Scop. Ruins called the ‘‘ White Ladies”’ near asm and about rae Castle. um maculatun Not unfrequent about Bridgnorth, Gliese, Leighton, Shifval, and Ration: common by Cound and Shineton brooks. Smyrnium Olusatrum, L. About Ludlow Castle. ornus sanguinea, L. In woods and hedges ; very common round the Wrekin. Viscum album, L. Grows on the poplar near Pitchford, the hawthorn at Longner and Attingham, and the crab near Leighton. y no means common in North Shropshire Adowa pany ere ze Very bostenet about the Wrekin, Ellesmere, and Ber Sambucus Ebulus, a "Old ime quarries on Lincoln’s Hill, Iron- bridge. 8. 7a Deep. 8 —_ bush of the variety laciniata grows on Chariton Hill, Wroxeter. oe Opulus, L. Very common in wet woods and bogs near the Balin ¢ er rie Huds. Frequent near Shifnal, especially about and Evelyth ; occurs also on the banks of the Severn, below Coal- port, and near Bridgnorth. gett gree L. Very common round the Wrekin, and in woods rou e Ellesmere Meres. Palate rae L. Marshy places near Pitchford, Leighton, he Severn and Tern in several places ; Sa frequent ete rae Wenlock, Ironbridge, and ildwa wa D; vile L. Very frequent about Cound; I have also found it in Farley Dingle ; near Lu — ator Coalbrookdale; Middle- Sea uccisa, L. A anit "with white wed grows very frequently rte the Wrekin and near Belswardyn columbaria, ee tes a larch plantation near Much “Wenlock, and just on the borders of Shropshire, near Onopordum yoo ei L. Fields near Norton agpe Eyton Wroxeter. Carduus eriophorus, L. Left bank of the Severn, near Buildwas. ogre vulgaris, ae equent round the base of the Wrekin and on the Longmynds; occurs also on eae Hill, Willey; csciiebil Bausley Hill; and Stephen's Hill, Cou Centaurea Scabiosa, L. Very frequent about Much Wenlock ; not uncommon near Cressage, Leighton, and Wrox Cya Occurs every year in ie near Glaion Mascott and Bamere, and often in corn-fields in other places Chrysanthemum segetum, L. Frequent saat Eaton Mascott, and on Shawbury Hea Achillea Ptarmica, L. et ig especially on high ground ; very frequent round the base of the Filago minima, Fries. High fosk: Beidenenth; Mill Glen, 110 NOTES ON SHROPSHIRE PLANTS. near Church Stretton; Tentree Hill, and on the Cambrian Rail- way over Whixall Moss. Gnaphalium sylvaticum, L. Base of the Wrekin near Wenlock’s Wood, High Vin sere aese Ludlow; hill near Stokesay, and on the High Rock, Bridgn Senecio sylvaticus, oS i frequent about the Wrekin Bidens cernua, L. Ve equent about Ellesmere ; b Sun dorne pool, Acton Burnell pool, pools at Willey, Uckington, Oakley Park, and ditches on the Wealdmoors at Eyton B. tripartita, Li. as frequent about Ellesmere than the last species; near Acton Inula Helenium, a, Nea r Langley; Acton Burnell; near Brompton, Berrington; by the brook at Harley and Shinewood ; a Buildwas Railway Station. Conyza, DC. Very common about the Arkoll Hill, Wel- aay near Much Sienioaks ; and Stephen’s Hill, Cound fre- quent about Buildwas, Ludlow, Stokesay, and Middlet I. dysenterica, L. Very abundant in wet fields belies the ee and the Severn, and near Cressage Park. acris, L. Not u unfrequent about Bridgnoth, Much and Litile Wenlock, and Harley; very common on old walls in the town se Ludlo Solidago Vir rgaure L. Frequent about the Arkoll Hill, the Breidden Hills, Br path. and Wenlock’s Wood near the Wrekin. Petasites vulgaris, Desf. Abundant = Cound and Shineton Brooks; near Shifnal, and in Farley Din Cichorium = By the side- of the faves Valley Railway, between Re ury and Berrington, and sometimes in the a jacent Pieris hieracioides, L. Frequent about Buildwas, Coalport, and Much Wenlock; I have found specimens, too, near Eaton Con- stantine and Charlto Tragopogon peers L. Fre requent about Ironbridge and Buildwas; I have collected it also near Eaton Constantine, Cound, Stokesay, and Leig actuca arse; “pee. Frequent on dry banks or walls, about Acton Pigott, Much Wenlock, Buildwas, Willey Hall, Shifnal, _Coalport, Ludlow, and Church Stretton. Hieracium murorum, Fries. I have collected specimens of this plant near Ludlow and Shifnal; I “he also had specimens sent e I hay _— ~ cago the edge of Whixall hon all reale, Fries. ery freque ial Fre aio rete y frequent on high ground, especially Lobelia Dorinanna L. a it ha Bomere Pool, Black- mere and Newton Meres, near Elles _dasione ices. . Frequent rue Church Stretton, Grin- shill, an e Breidden Hills; | have also found it near Eaton Constantine, Ellesmere, and Whixall. NOTES ON SHROPSHIRE PLANTS. 11] Campanula Trachelium, L. Very frequent in hedges and open woods round the Wrekin, and in the = of Buildwas, Leighton, Eaton Constantine, and Wellin C. patula, L. Frequent about Berrington and Cound, espe- Stank Vaccinium es ers L. Shomere Moss, and bossy ground near Bomere Pool; Whixall, and Welshampton Moss V. Vitis-idea, L. Mr. W. Phillips sent me odinens of this plant, in 1877, from the Stiperstones Hill. V. Myrtillus, L. Very abundant on the sae i frequent in Willey Park, about the Wrekin, and near Ludlow Andromeda cee L. Rather frequent on “Whixall and Welshampton Mos Pyrola minor, t: oo a rock-hole on Whitcliff, near Ludlow Ligustrum eulgare, L. Woods about Much Wenlock and Build- Little Wenlock, saa ound the eee of the Wrekin; I have found mera near Eaton Constantine, Cressage, Cound, Uffington, and Chlora perfoliata, L. Frequent about Much and Little Wen- lock, Broseley, and Ironbridge; it also occurs near Cressage Park, Church Preen, Whitchurch, and Ellesmere. Gentiana Amarella,L. Frequent near Much Wenlock and Harley; I_have also found it near the Wrekin ae under the Arkoll Hill. Men, onthe trifoliata, L. 00. Eaton Constantine ; frequent i ee and Bomere Bole: ; abundant in the iouners Mer = Polencnbus. pees L. On the banks of the Worfe, near rth Conrolvulus sepium, L. Very abundant on the banks of the Severn, near Buildwas and Ironbridge. Cuscuta Epithymum, Murr. Naturalised on gorse on Charlton Hill and Tentree Hill, where it has lived for some years tee nigrum, L. Fr equent near Cound. Atropa Belladonna, L. Woods between Cound and Evenwood, in several: places; on the slopes of the Wrekin near Cludley, and on Lawrence’s Hi Hyoscyamus niger, ‘L. About the old ruins at Wroxeter, twenty years ago it was plentiful, but now it has become rare. Verbascum Thapsus, L. Frequent round the Wrekin, Arkoll, and Tentree Hill; found = about Bhateen Hill, Eyton- on- Severn, Cound, and Ellesmer V. Lye hnitis, L, Near asc Pool, Dryton, Wroxet V. Blattaria, L. Apparently quite wild near esihtce; Eyton- on-Severn, and Bottisield. crophularia aquatica, L. Banks of the Severn and Tern ; eel Constantine, ‘Laghtos. Buildwas, Shineton, Harley, ici S. Khrharti, Stey. Frequent near Buildwas, ee Shineton, and Conn and on the banks of the Teme, near Ludlow 112 A NEW HONGKONG ANONACEA. S. nodosa, L. Frequent on the Wrekin and in the surrounding Seca growing in drier situations than the two last species. (To be continued.) A NEW HONGKONG ANONACEA. By H. F. Hance, Pu.D., F.L.S., &c. ago, in the Supplement to the ‘ Flora Hongkong- ensis,’* I recorded an roe acne plant, me cree referable to the enus Melodors sie but only known in fruit. Being very anxious, if possible, to dete e this new hts a satisfactorily: I asked Mr. Charles Ford, superintendent of the Hongkong Botanic Gardens, who takes much interest in the Flora of the island, to have the goodness to try and get toa: ee and in August, 1879, he told me that he had found it on Victoria Peak, whilst my original plant grows in the thick ae at A et where s ar st athered fruiting specimens in August, 1861. On since com the two, I was surprised to find Mr. Ford’s altogether different ‘Hott my species ; but, thou h not in ot * is certainly a Melodorum, r. of British India,’ n Miquel’s hese review of the Anonacee of the Indian Reece I now describe it, fot very satisfactory materials, for which I have to thank Mr. Ford. It is, I beileve, nearest in affinity to M. rujinerve, H.f. & Th., and M. Wallichi, H.f. & Th. The flowers, soaked in boiling water for the purpose of dissection, and the dried leaves, tok up between the fingers, exhale an odour of nutmeg. 74°* Mrtoporum aie GLAUCESCENS, sp.nov.—Late scandens, ful ramis cortice glabro nigrica: ruguloso obtectis, ramulis rufulo- tomentellis, ae anguste cblongis pad se apice ag ent ene glaberri opac osta impressa venis omi- que pre s crebre eutuinties obi ‘glanecsedntihet pili: ” breville papecaati oculo tantum armato conspicuis dense obtectis, costa valida rufo-tomentella costulisque arti 10-18 jugis elevatis 2 venulisque transversis prominulis is 24-6 poll. longis 8 lin. ad 12 poll. latis petiolo crasso soalestalls lineal, inflorescentia rufo-sericea, s secus rachem innovationes terminantem fasci- culatis, myc distantibus alternis 5-8 floris simpliciter umbe i- formibus vel cymulosis singulo folio florali _ sepalis triangulatis se eam ong cum petalis exterioribus plano-convexis ovatis obtusiusculis 2} lin. longis extus dense rufo-sericeis, pet s in- pt terioribus ome ritite cinereo tomentosis inferne excavatis, ovaeile aa Sua mentos 8 Seater monte Victoria Peak, ins. Hongkong, m. Augusto, 1879, coll. C. Ford. (Herb. propr. no. 21,141.) nani * Journ, Linn. Soc., xiii., 99. + Ann, Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. ii., 1 sqq. 118 NEW BRITISH LICHENS. By tHe Rev. W. Jonnson. have submitted specimens to lander, who has deter- d them. As a strictly scientific description of these plants will be given by Dr. Nylander himse i . e ; coming ‘Addenda ad Lichenographiam Europiam,’ I shall not indeterminate, of a medium thickness, rimoso- or some areolato-diffract. When dry, the chinks are rather wide. h The apothecia are innate and suburceolate, with an obtuse even margin; their colour is fuscescent, margin paler, The hypothecium is pale; paraphyses slender, filiform, conglutinate. While ad- herent the apices are fuscescent; when separated by K they are pale and slightly articulate. The asci are lineari-clavate. The spores numerous, colourless, oblong, very minute e gelatina- hymenea is cerulescent, then slightly tawny with iodine. Tha K— C—. This plant was found on fresh-water-washed sandstone, close beside the sea; Barrowmouth, near Whitehaven, Cumberland, 1880. Lr A ALpo-Lurescens, Nyl., n. sp—Thallus white or be- tween white and grey; its growth seems to be from white at first to a bluish grey in age. It is closely adherent, indeterminate, range-red, concave, | margin, growing paler outward, until it blends with the subtending thalline margin. The centre of the apothecia is frequently, though not always, furnished with an umbo, and the margin often flexuose. The hypothecium is pale; paraphyses are moderate, free. Th spores are eight, polari-bilocular, ellipsoid; the polar cells are large, with a distinct connecting tube. _ ith K the hymenium becomes deep crimson, especially the apices Thallus K— C— apothecia K deep crimson. This lichen grows on sandstone rocks, in low altitudes, where the atmosphere is moist. I first gathered it on the rocks by the side of the River Tyne, at Bywell, Northumberland, in 1878. Since then I have found it at Wark-upon-the-Tyne, Northumberland; and on the roadside between Whitehaven and Scalegill, Cumberland. papillose, with prominent thalline margin. Section of hymenium rather dark; paraphyses slender. Spores from two to four in each Q 114 BRYOLOGICAL NOTES. ascus, large, ellipsoid, sometimes oviform, violet, with a yellowish tinge in the centre. When K is applied, distinctly and deeply violet. Epispore broad, transversely banded or wavy with light and shade. ‘The central part of spore is rough and granular; with K it sometimes assumes a smooth and cellular appearance. Para- physes, asci, and epispore are deep blue, with iodine. Thallus K llow, then deep orange-red. This yah is allied to Pertusaria Urceolaria, Nyl., but differs from it in the colour and non-isidiose - condition of thallus, in the ae of the paraphyses, and the number and character of the It was found on granitic rocks beside Ennerdale Lake, ren 1880, and no doubt is a very rare plan I have also met with the following rare lichens, the occurrence of which in Cumberland it may be desirable to record :— Lecanora erysibe, forma obscurata, Nyl.—On old walls, Asby, Cumberland, 1 ne Graphis Ps , forma simplicior, Cromb.—-Thallus similar to type ; rele pore mostly simple, a few branched at right angles ; thalline margin prominent when mature; epithecium rimeform more or less open, proper margin moderate, slightly flexuose, plain. Same habitat as the type. Woods near Asby, Cumberland, 1880. BRYOLOGICAL NOTES. By W. West. Tue last edition to the British Moss-Flora is sgt mutabilis, Brid. (Pterigynandrum mutabile, Brid., Bryol. Univ., is the earliest Ss. name; Pterogonium striatum, Schwg., aa Lana @a aia a, B. & Bry. ., are also synonyms), which I gathered last August on mica-schistose rocks, near the summit of Ben Lawers, on the south-east A It was growing near or with Pseudoleskea atro- virens, Dicks., as one of my envelopes contained both species. The plants cathios: were female ones, and belong to the form which ows on trees, and not to the form (var. sazicola, one which a on rocks. The latter form is more robust, hav g broader a ound on trees sent to me te the Rev. J. Fergusson, to whom I am also indebted for the var. saxicola, as well as for the correct determi- mn de Seinen “ein pote from a tree in Maria | is a exattly Mentical in its decidedly subsecund leaves with the corticolous form found ewer: on rocks on r e specimens gathered goo trees had entire leaves, while both the erg dia rocks had the ae he a pkise in the oki part cee esd 0 op ¢ SHORT NOTES. 115 examination of specimens (from only four localities) shows that both forms vary; therefore the subsecundity of the leaves cannot safely be used as a distinguishing character. This species belongs to the ous species of the genus. Not far from the same place on Ben Lawers I gathered Timmia i far as la aware, it was only previously recorded in Britain from the banks of the Isla, in Forfarshire. I have just been examining about a score packets of Jimmie, and I find in examples from different places that the depth of serration of the leaves varies, as does also = ct ® wm SS fa] Q 5 oO = wm 4 Oo bar) er a @O m = bar] = of —_ =) ° 6 et oo fae) B = dQ — =} ° ph he distinctly sheathing orange base 0 austriaca, Hedw., is a good character, though in specimens of 7’. megapolitana, Hed om Canada, the characteristic shorter white shea base was distinctly lutescent approaching orange, but not by any means as deep in a riaca, Hedw. The serra- tion is denser and generally coarser in T. megapolitana, Hedw in 7’. austriaca, ar. bavarica, Hessle ZT. mallous tendency. Schimper says that there is only another species of the genus which occurs in America. Is it Rau and Hervey's Cata- logue, and if so, under what name, as this genus is not in their catalogue ? SHORT NOTES. mca, Tests ror Lronens.—Most lichenologists have pro- CHEM bably found the solution of chlorinated lime to be a very agg have found it advisable to previously test it on the sorediate form of Pertusaria velata, which is easily obtained, at least in the south 116 SHORT NOTES. of England. If the nage Seer lime solution be in good condition this lichen will turn a brilliant carmine-red immediately the thallus is touched with the liquid. Poet it has lately come under my notice that it is the custom with some chemists to strengthen this solution for = purposes by adding a little chlorine water — ition renders the liquid alee selene for testing aban as it destroys the colouring-ma would therefore advise those who wish to a a de test to pur- chase the chlorinated lime in dry powder, and not siesiatne destitute of odour, to mix it with an equal bulk of water, and pour off the clear liquid, and to prepare the solution afresh once a fortnight, to keep the solution in the dark, or to test its efficacy on Seapine velata before applying it to other lichens.—E. M. Hou A New Barrrisu Hepatic.—Jungermannia Juratzkana, Limpricht, was collected on Ben Lawers, August 12, 1880, W. West; also pro- bably near Cwm Gla s, Snowdon, August, 1880, by J. Cash and W. H. Pearson (specimen ee meagre to be quite sure) .—W. H. Pearson. SpHaGNnum suBpicotor, Hampe.—My friend Dr. Rehman having ae me an authentic specimen of the plant described under this name by Dr. Hampe (‘ Flora,’ 1880, p. 440), I find it is identical ary 8. rt — va of which of course it becomes synonym.—R. Brar ‘‘ Anoz ELEGANS, Tod. ine re ee A, abyssinica, Hort. Pan. Species in a aE acaulis, foliis perglaucis, validis elongatis, floribus m e luteis vel luteo- ee peduncul foliis longiore, yanncso done don Infauste pro A. abyssinica commutata, differt imis o; nec ulla cum nostra A. percrassa affinitas.’ in cultivation. On account of the protection afforded to its roots . the thick-set hedge, the plant will probably become well estab- lished, but the flower-heads were nearly all gathered by passers- by, and I had not an GY Sieege of observing if ripe fruits were produced.—Jas. W. Wu1 Hypnum imponens, Hedw.—In a recent excursion to Blackdown, Sussex, I met with this moss in some abundance around one of EXTRACTS AND NOTICES. 117 the ponds on the summit of the Down, dpgoes together with Hy ypnum cupressiforme, var. ericetorum, which it strongly resembles n habit. The moss being wet, I was struck with a feature by phish it may readily be distinguished in the field, viz., the stem shows of a onset brown colour through the leaves, so that each branch seems to have a dark line running up the centre. This, combined with the fact that towards the base of the stem the leaves trichodes, Camp ylostelium saxicola, and Nardea adusta still grow on lackdown ; the Campr on generally grows here, often on the same stone with Brachi hyodus, is recognised by its taller seta, more exposed edge of the stone on which it grows. The fruit is in best condition in January.—H. M. Hotme Extracts and Notices of Books and Memotrs. NEW oe AND SPECIES OF PHANEROGAMS PUBLISHED N PERIODICALS IN BRITAIN IN 1880. THE anes referred to in the compilation of this list are:— ‘ Botanical Magazine,’ ‘ Gardeners’ Chronicle,’ ‘Iecones Plantarum,’ ‘ Journal of Botany,’ ‘ Journal of the Linnean Society of London,’ Garden AcANTHOLIMON CALOCEPHALUM, Aitchison & Hemsley (Plumba- gine ).— Afghanistan. ‘Gua Linn. Soc. xvii. 77. A. Leprostacuyum, Aitch. d Hemsl. hag CF San (Id. p. 76.) A. Munroanum, ditch. € Hemsl.—Afghanistan. Acripocarrus nirunDo, S. Moore (Malpighiacee). itt 3 Trop. Africa. (Journ. Bot. p. 1. Aicumxa muuticers, Baker (Bromeliacee).—Rio Janeiro. (Journ. Bot. p. 49). Arrmes pacuypnytium, Rehb. f. (Orchider). (Gard. Chron. xiv. 231.) Atsvca Nexsow, N. EF. Br. (Liliacee).—Natal. (Id. 198). Ator ArHerstonet, Baker —Cape. (Journ. Linn. Soe. xviii. 170). . (Journ. A. constricra, Baker.—Trop. Africa. (Id. A. crassiees, Baker.—Trop. Africa. (Id. 162. A. ratcata, Baker.—Cape. (Journ. ‘Linn. Soc. xviii. 181.) A. Gasrertowes, Baker.—Cape. (Journ. Linn. Soe. xviii. 166.) ent, Baker.—Cape. (Journ. Linn. Soc. xviii. 165; 5 A. uereracantua, Baker.—(Journ. Linn. Soe. xviii. 161.) A. Krauss, Baker.—Cape. (Journ. Linn. Soc. xviii. 159.) A. oneistyta, Baker.—Cape. (Journ. Linn. Soe. xviii. 158.) A. Macowan1, Baker.—S. Africa. (Journ. Linn. Soc. xviii. 170.) 118 EXTRACTS AND NOTICES. Aor macracantua, Baker.—Cape. (Journ. Linn. Soc. xviii. 167.) . nireNns, Baker.—Cape. (Journ. Linn. Soc. xviii. 171.) - Perry, Baker.——Socotra. (Journ. Linn. Soe. xvii. 161.) : Sc NF - siemorEA, Baker.Kaffraria. (Journ. Linn. Soc. xviii. 177.) . speciosa, Baker.—S. Africa. (Journ. Linn. Soe. xviii. 178.) HRAsKUI, Baker.—Ca (Journ. Linn. Soe. xviii. 180.) ANGR&cuM CHRISTYANUM, Rehb. J. (Orchidee). (Gard. Chron. xiii. 806. A. uyaLurpes. Rehb. a ype ge (Gard. Chron. xiii. 264.) AntHuRIUM parvum, N. Brown (Aracee).— Rio Janeiro. cc oat Chron, xiv. 588. b> b> b> > b> as] : Si re q Fe a | a 3 ee fo) 2 , Benth. (Scrophulari ).—New Granada. (Ic. Pit t. 1825.) Isema aLBuM, NV. Hf, Br. (Aracew).—Khasia. (Journ. Linn. Soc. xviii. 2 Fiticaupatum, N, FE. Br.—Ceylon. (Id. 258.) A. PENICILLATUM , V. FE, Br.—Hong Kong. (Id. 248, t. 5.) A. PULCHRUM, N. E. Br.—India. (Id. 252, t. 6. ARNEBIA SPECIOSA, Aitchison & Hemsley imei aca, —Afghan- istan. (Journ. Linn. Soc. xviii 25 TER Geruacuu, 8. Moore (Composite).—China. (Journ. Bot. p. si ASTRAGALUS CERASINUS, Baker (Leguminosex). — Afghanistan. i. Linn. Soe. xviii. 47. Mersus, Baker.—Afghanistan. (Journ. Linn. Soc. xviii. 45.) A. Kvacinahis, Baker.—Afghanistan. (Id. 46. A. LuTEo-czRuLEUS, Baker.—Afghanistan. (Id. 47.) A. micropontus, Baker.—Afghanistan. (Id. 46. A. prinocePHaus, Baker.—Afghanistan. (Id. 47.) A. nuizocepuatus, Baker. “hee ge (46.) ASTRONIA SaMoENsts, S. Moore a (Journ. Bot. Astrostemma, Benth. gen. nov. ( (Asclepiadacen) —A. SPARTIOIDES, Benth.—Borneo. (Ic. Plant. t. 1 Asystasta Cuarmiay, S. Mose pennies Africa. sheng Bot. tht 38, t. 218. A. Wetwitscan, 8, Moore.—Angola. (Journ. Bot. p 308.) AvENa i easomeandien. Munro pies waily) (Greeenidn —Afghan- istan. (Journ. Linn. Soe. xviii. 108. — RIA sankcieate, fichb. f. (Orchidew). (Gard. Chron. xiii Barter ALATA, S. Moore (Acanthacew).——Angola. (Journ. Bot. p. 266. » Cannormanstana S. Moore.—Angola. (Journ. Bot. p. 270.) . 265. B.o a, S, Moore.—China. (Journ. Bot. p B isewns, S. Moore.—Angola. (Journ Bot p- 266.) B. saticrrotia, S$. Moore.—Angola. (Journ. Bot. p. 268.) B. Sretnato-romentosa, §. Moore —Angola. sg p- 268.) B. vittosa, 8. Moore. —Angola. (Journ. Bot. p, 267.) B. VIOLASCENS, S. Moore.—Angola. (Journ. Bot. p. 265.) EXTRACTS AND NOTICES, 119 Barteria Wetwitscun, S. Moore.—Angola. (Journ. Bot. p. 267.) BraucarnEAa Warsost, Baker (Uiliaces).— Mexico. (Journ. Linn. ee XViil. LEPHARIS pean Welw, (Acanthacee).—Angola. (Journ. Bot. p. 280. B. eiumacna, 8. Mou re-—Angola. (Journ. Bot. p. 282.) B. Nout-me-tancere, 8S. Moore. Fi la. ve Bot. p. ae HYLLUM aLopecuruM, [ichb, f. (Orchides).—-Burmah. on Chet. xiv. 70. B. Brrenicis, Rehb. f. (Gard. Chron. xiv. 588.) B. wers, Rehb. f—Assam. (Gard. | th . xii. 776.) B. inops, Rehb. f. (Gard. Chron. xiv. Cacoucra eh a il S. Moore {Peete —W. Trop. Africa. (Journ. Bot. p. 2.) HE Perri, Rehb. f. (Orchidew).—Polynesia. (Gard. Chron. xiv. wei ALOPHANES pager S. Moore (Acanthacez).—E. Trop. Africa. ada Bot. C. THUNBERGLEFLORA, S. Moore.—S. Trop. Africa. (Id. p. 8.) CaRaGANA acauLis, Baker (Leguminose). —Afghanistan. yee Linn. Soc. xviii. 44.) ARDANTHERA JusticiorpEs, S. Moore (Acanthacee),—Nile River. (Journ. Bot. p. 70. Carex Bucuanani, Bergyr. (Cyperacee).—N. Zealand. (Journ. Bot. p. 104. : Ciematis Lepromera, Hance (Ranunculacee).—China. (Journ. Bot. p. 267. C OBERTSIANA, Aitchison d Hemsley. —Afghanistan. (Journ. Linn. Soe. xviii. 29. campanuLata, fdems!. (Polemoniacew). — Ecuador. (Garden, xvii. 352. C. Trranz, Hemsl.—N. Grenada. (Garden, xvii. 353.) Co OELOGYNE BARBATA, Griff. (Orchidee). —Bootan, Khasia. (Gard. Chron. xiii. 9. C. apes Rehb. f.—Borneo. (Gard. Chron. xiv. 296.) Corypatis suaveoens, Hance (Papaveracee).—China. (Journ. Bot, p. 258. CoryLEDON PAPILLOSA, eget if Hemsley (Crassulaces).— Afghanistan. urn. Linn. Soe. C. tENnvIc cauLis, Aitchison & Lowes —Afghanistan. (Journ. Linn. Soe. xviii. 57. ‘ Crinum Kirxn, Baker (Amaryllidaces),—-Zanzibar. (Bot. Mag. 6512. —_— ea C. popopnyiium, Baker.—Trop. Africa. (Bot. Mag. t. 6483.) CRrossanpDRA GREENSTOCKI, S. Moore (Acanthacew).— — Trop. a. rag oryne caupata, N. E. Br. (Aracer).—Borneo. (Journ. 120 EXTRACTS AND NOTICES. RIPeDIUM Perrt, Rehb. f. (Orchidew).—-Malayan Archipelago. (Gard. Chron. xiii. 680. C. sidan, Rehb. f. (Gard. Chron. xiii. 263.) Daxuousma arricana, 8. Moore (Leguminose).—Angola. (Journ. Bot. p. 2.) Dasyuirion puiaBite, Baker (Liliacee).—Mexico. (Journ. Linn, Soe. xviii. 240. BIUM BosTRycHoDES, [ichb. f. (Orchidew). — Borneo. (Gard. ‘Chto. xiv. 748. D. crynasarinum, Rehb. f.)\—Borneo. (Gard. Chron. xiv. 166.) aie —— Fitzgerald.—North Australia and New Guinea. (Gard. Chron. xiv. 38. a -nernacinOy Rehb. f.—Borneo. (Gard. Chron. xiii. 681. HILUM en Rehb. f. (Orchidew).—Phillippines. (Gerd es Dicurrrera anGcouensis, 8. Moore (Acanthacee).— Angola. (Journ. Bot. p. 362. D. Wetwrrscun, 8. Moore——Angola. (Journ. Bot. p. 862.) _ Drecapi Batrourn, Rar (Liliaceze). 2 ee (Gara. Chron. xiv. 424, : dex MEGACERAS, Hook. f. (Orchider).—S. Africa. (Bot. Mag. - 652 Dracontirum Carpert, Hook. f. (Aracer).—Columbia. (Bot. Mag. t. 6523. Dracopnyttum Kirxn, Berggr. (Epacridew).—N. Zealand. (Journ. Bot. p. 104,) i Euretia restnosa, Hance (Borraginee).—China. (Id. p. 299.) oe cutorops, Rehb. f. (Orchidew).—Mexico. (Gard. Chron. xiv. 524. EK. tia, Rehb. J. (Gard. Chron. xiv. 390.) Eracrostis Nevinn, Hance (Graminee).— China. (Journ. Bot. p. 302. _ Eremvrvs Arrcnisont, Baker (Liliacee)—Afghanistan. (Journ. 4 Soe. xviii. 102. Rta CURTISH, Rehb. f. (Orchidee).— Borneo. (Gard. Chron. xiv. “86 EriosPermuM Brevires, Baker (Liliacew).—Algoa Bay. (Gard. Chron. xiv. 231. Bearcces Forsesu, Hance (Celastrinee).—China. (Journ. Bot. p. ihe Evpnorsia Zampestana, Benth. (Euphorbiacee).—E. Trop. Africa. (Ic. Plant. t. 1305. Gacea setirowia, Baker (Liliacew).— Afghanistan. (Journ. Linn. Soe. xviii. 101. Gasrerta apicrorEs, Baker fg (Id. 197.) G. CHEILOPHYLLA, Baker.— Cape. (Journ. Linn. Soe. xviii. 184.) G. excetsa, Baker.—Cape. Sriggre Linn. Soe. xviii. 193.) G. ruscopuncrata, Baker.—Cap i Linn. oT xviii. 193.) G. gracias, Hort. Saunders sg Afric 93.) G. panescens, Baker,—S. Africa. (Ia. 190.) G. parvirouia, Baker—Cape. (Journ. Linn. Soe. xviii. 193.) G. pLaniromia, Baker aes Africa. (Journ. Linn. Soc. xviii. 188.) EXTRACTS AND NOTICES. 121 Gasreria porPHoRopHYLLA, Baker.—Cape. (Id. 190). G. sprratis, Baker.--Cape. (Journ. Linn. — Xvill. 189.) G. squarrosa, Baker.—(Journ. Linn. Soc. x 47. GLossocaLyx BREVIPES, Benth. fvamesiconea’ na Trop. Africa. . (Ie. Plant. t. 1802. G. nonetcusris, Benth.--W. Trop. Africa. (Ic. Plant. t. 1801.) Haworrsia arrinis, Baker (Liliacew).—Cape. (Journ. Linn. Soc. xviii. 2 H. BILINBATA, Baker.—Cape. (Journ. Linn. Soe. xviii. 213.) H. Bouvsu, Baker—Cape. (Journ. Linn. Soe. xviii. 215,) H. euavca, Baker.—Cape. (Journ. Linn. Soe. xviii. 203.) H. Greenn, Baker.—Cape. (Journ. Linn. Soe. xviii. 202.) H. 1cosrpuyiia, Baker.—-Cape. (Journ n. Soe. xviii. 207.) H. minma, Baker e. (Journ. Linn. Soe. xvi. 215 H. Peacocxn, Baker.—Cape? (Journ n. Soe. xviii. 202.) H. pouypnyiia, Baker.—-Cape. (Journ. Linn. Soe. xviii. 213.) H. Tisteyvt, Baker.—Cape. (Journ. Linn. Soe. xviii. “6 ner tt: scuizopEeTaus, Hook. f. (Malvacee). —K. Africa. (Bot. Meg. t. 6524. IERNIA, 8. Moo é, gen. nov. ocenianer? — H. ANGOLENSIS. Aga { ie Bot. p. 197, t Hipreastrum ANDREANUM, Baber uabiieden —N. Grenada. (Gard. eon. ii. 424.) Hycropnta unrcrnosa, S. Moore (Acanthacew).—Angola. (Journ. Bot. p. 197. Hyporstes anrennirera, S. Moore (Acanthacer).—Trop. Africa. (Journ. Bot. 1; HL CALLICOMA, 8. Moore.—Trop. Africa. (Journ. Bot. p. 41.) H. srropmirera, S. Moore.—Trop. Africa. (Journ. Bot. p . 40.) ii AFRICANA, S. Moors (Asanthaoor), —Angola. ( Sara. Bot. p. 309. Justic1a BRevicauis, S. Moore (Acanthacew).—Angola. (Journ. Bot. p. 341.) J. CLEOMOIDES, 8. Moore. hee (Journ. Bot. _ 813, t. 214.) Cy Sy Oy Oy Oy yy S ° Zz & Q ee) 4 S 0 ist hy Sees | ee o S = ra =) GQ S, = — ca ° | ct 6 i. ° et rg . Bot. 0.) Dormaniana, Lichb. ri (Orchidez). ji a (Gard. L2uia Chron. xiii. 168.) (J PIDAGATHIS Mepusax, S. ourn. B L.u iwc Moore.—-Trop. Africa. ae Bot. p. 38.) L. anal S. Moore—Angola. (Journ. Bot. p. 308, Li, PEN rerA, S. Moore.—Lrop. ca. pets Bot. p. 39.) Lina ae Baker (Liliacee). —California. (Gard. Chron. 8.) | Moore (Acanthaces)—Trop. Africa, xiv. 1 R 122 EXTRACTS AND NOTICES. Lrparts Formosana, Rehb. f. (Orchidew).—Formosa. (Gard. Chron. xiii. 394. L. Weer Rehb. f.—Assam? (Gard. Chron. xiii. a) Lorantats pisractgotatus, Hance (Loranthacee). — Chin (Journ. Bot. p. 801. . curvirLorus, Benth.—Trop. Africa. (Ic. Plant. t. 1804.) Luppemann uManni, Rehb. f. (Orchidew).—N. Grenada. (Gard. Chron. xiv. 685.) MaspEVALLIA bia. Rehb. f. (Orchideew).—N. Grenada, (Gard. Chron. xiv. 2 M. Epvarot, Rehb. f. Patera (Gard. Chron. xiv. 778.) M. Punyinaris, afi ard. Chron. a ihe M. Rogzxu, Rehb. a “ant, Chron. xiv. M. swerti#roua, Rehb. f.—N. Grenada. “da oe 390.) M. or Rehb. f. (Gard. Chron. xi Maxiuuaria aracunites, Rehb. f. (Orchisder) —New Granada. (Gard. Ghrais xiii. 394. Mevinitta HaLoceton, S. Moore (Melastomacex).—Admiralty Islands. (Journ. Bot. MEsoprINIDIUM INCANTANS, Rehb. J. (Orchidew). (Gard. Chron. xii. 586.) ILLETTIA cognaTa, Hance (Leguminose).— China. (Journ. Bot. p. 260. Mopecca acuneata, Oliv. (Passifloracew)—E. Africa. (Ic. Plant. t. 1317. Nerentues Dyax, S. Moore (Nepenthacee).—Borneo. (Journ. Bot. p. 1, t. 206.) . “ig MANCHURIENSIS, S. Moore (Labiate).—Manchuria. (Journ. ot. p. 5 NEURACANTHUS AFRicaNus, 7’. And, (Acanthacee).—Trop. Africa. (Journ. Bot. p. 87. - DEcorUS, S. Moore.—Angola.. (Journ. Bot. p. 807.) ike g 2 = Ss ka er) Hii = | pp 3 o ~ 3 mee) g Nipunarium Gicanreum, Baker (Bromeliacece). —Rio Janeiro. (Journ. Bot. p. 50.) Ocromerta Saunperstana, Rehb. f. (Orchidew).—Brazil. (Gard. Chron. xiii. 264. OpontocLossum Epvarot, Rehb. f. a (Id. 72 . FLAVEOLUM, Fichb. f.—Bogota. (Gard free es xiii. 41. QO. Horsmanr, Rchb. f#—New Granada. (Gard . Chron. xiii. 41.) Oncipium curysornis, Rehb. f. (Orchidez). Ecuador. (Gard. Chron. xiv. 620.) O. piopox, Fichb. f. (Gard. Chron. xiv. p. 6 9.) O. metanors, Rehb. f—Ecuador. (Gard. Chron. xiv. see O. prastans, Rehb. f. (a, api: ad Id. 2 O. xanrHocentron, Hehb, f.—S. Ameri (Id. xiii. 104.) OnoprycuIs pasycepHana, Baker egudints we). —Afghani istan. . Xvili. 48, - MicropreRA, Baker.—Afghanistan. (Id.) EXTRACTS AND NOTICES. 123 rhe eniog sprnosissima, Baker.—Afghanistan. (Id. 49.) OMERIA ahem S. Moore (Rubiacew).—E. Trop. Africa. te ourn. Bot PeNTANrsrA Crises S. Moore (Rubiaceer).—E. Trop. Africa. (Journ. Bot. p. 4.) Parsea Namnu, Oliv. tap tepnal? pe ina (Ic. Plant. t. 1316.) - Perrya Arroutsont, C . B. Clarke (Composite).—Afghanistan. 72.) Prratipium coccineum, S. Moore (Acanthacew). — Angola. (Journ. Bot. p. 225. P. exanpuLosum, 8. Moore.—Angola. (Journ. Bot. p. 226.) P. toranrutronium, S. Moore.—Angola. (Journ. Bot. p. 227.) P. puysatowss, S. Moore.—Angola. (Journ. Bot. p. 3 t. 212.) P. rupestre, S. Moore.—Angola. (Journ. Bot. p. ) P. Wetwitscuu, S. Moore.—Angola. (Id. p. 227, t. 212,) PH#DRANASSA SCHIZANTHA, Baker. (Gard. Chron. xiv. 556.) s Humsiorm, Rehb. J. (Orchidew).—Madagasear. (Gard. Chron. xiv. 812. Puaytopsis ancouana, 9. Moore (Aosuthacee):— Angola: (Journ. Bot. p. 229.) P. optigua, 7. And.—Angola. (Journ. Bot. p. 2 PHOTINIA CRENATO-SERRATA, Hance (Rosacee). roa (Journ. Bot. p. 261. Puyiiacune Haast, Ben (Stylidiew).—N. Zealand. (Journ. Bot. p. 104. UROSPERMUM COR YDALIFOLIUM, Aitchison d Hemsley (Umbelli- fere).—Afghanistan. bag Linn. Soe. xviii. um, Aitchison & Hemsley. — Afghanistan. (Journ. Linn, — xviii. 63. YGONUM BIARISTATUM, agence d& Hemsley (Polygonacee).— Prkaiaieg (Journ. Linn. Soe. xviii. 90. P. compactum, Hook. f.—Japan. "Bot. Mag. t. 6471.) Ponera pexuira, Rehb. f. (Orchidew). (Gard. Chron. xiv. 8.) Porentinta COLLETTIANA, pigeons d Hemsley (Rosacee).— Afghanistan. (Journ. Linn. io Xviil. Pornos cexatocautis, N. EH. Br. (anaes) —Borneo. (Gard. Chron. xiii. 200. Punveti opcontca, Hance (Primulacez). —China. (Journ. Bot. p. 2384.) “age Beccarrana, Benth. (Cupulifere).—Borneo. (Ic. Plant. 4.2 Q. allie Benth.—Assam. (Ic. Plant. ~ i 1818.) Q. Maineay1, Benth._-Penang. (Ic. Plant. Renantuera Stortet, Rehbd. oie (Orchidew) a Philippines. (Gard. aes xiv. 296. STREPIA FALKENBERGI, Rehb. f. (Orchidew.—New Granada ? (Gard. Chron. xiii. 282. RwopopenpRon aFrGHaNicum, Aitchison & Hemsley (Ericacee).— oat we stan. (Journ, Linn. R. Co cee ae Aitchison & Hemsley _—Afghanistan. (Id.) 124 EXTRACTS AND NOTICES. Rusvus sage Aitchison (Rosacew).—Afghanistan. (Id. 54 ) apris, S. Moore (Acanthacee).—Trop. Afr. ue p-7-) R. se che are S. Moore.—Angola. (Journ. belay 198.) i) R. shosapaginata S. Moore. —Tr rop. Africa. (Journ. Bot. p. 7 SARCOCHILUS RUBRICENTRUM, Fitzgerald (Orehiden. —Queensland. Gard. Cheon: xiv. 38. SAXIFRAGA AFGHANICA, Aitchison a Hemsley (Saxifragaces).— Afghanistan. (Journ. Linn. Soe. x ScaBiosa AFGHANICA, Astchioan & ‘Haitey (Dipsaces).—-Afghan- istan. (Journ. Linn. Soe. xviil. 67. CILLA TRICOLOR, Baker ‘iaasie’ —Port Elizabeth? (Gard. Cae. xiv. 230. u Liesmanntanum, Hemsl. (Crassulacee).—Mexico. (Gard. Chen xiv. 38. S. rerusum, Hemsl.—Mexico. (Gard. Chron. xiv. 88.) SIPHONOGLOSSA Nummutaria, S. Moore (Acanthacew).—Kaffraria. ane Bot. p. 40. Srenonostecia Lm, S. Moore (Labiate).—China. (Id. p. 5.) TELLULARIA, Benth., gen. nov. (Se cc apa 8. NIGRESCENS.—W. Trop. Africa. (Ic. Plant. t. 13 Srenra curtata, Rehb. f. (Orchidex),—Peru. “ (Gard. Chron. xiv. val NOMESSON LUTEO-vinIDE, Baker (Amaryllidacew).—EHeuador. (Bot. Ma. t. 6508. Srumpson1a cBisprpens, Hance (Primulacee).—China. (Journ. Bot. p. 264. THRIXSPERMUM ee Rehb. f. (Orchider).—New Britain (Gard. Chron. xiii. THUNBERGIA eno S. Moore (Acanthacee).—E. Trop. Africa. (Journ. Bot. p. 5. T. ancotensis, S. Moore.—Angola. (Journ. Bot. p. 195.) . ARMIPOTENS, S. Moore.—Angola. (Journ. Bot. p. 195.) . Cycntum, S. Moore.—Angola. (Journ. Bot. p. 194.) . t. p. 194.) CHWEINFURTHH, 8S. Moore.—Trop. Africa. (Journ. Bot. p.6.). LANDsIA Distacuya, Baker (Bromeliacee). __British Honduras. (Gard. Chron. xiii. 200.) Tococa cortacea, S. Moore (Melastomacee).—Central America. (Journ. Bot. p. 3.) ace Buxtxockn, Hance (Celastrinew).—China. (Journ. p hurls Bursiwwer1, Hook. f. (Dilleniacew).—Borneo. (Bot. Mag. t. 6581. Yucca Puacocxn, Baker (Liliacew).—Mexico? (Journ. Linn. Soe. xviii. 228. ZINGIBER cCoRALLINUM, Hance (Zingiberacew).— China. (Journ. ) SHEAR HAH = qa S 3 = PA wm ZB uw ao: . S nnn x SE 5 ae = & e 3 & Bot. p. 301. NOTICES OF BOOKS AND MEMOIRS. 125 THE COFFEE-LEAF DISEASE. . Marsuatt Warp has been prosecuting his work at Hemileia vastatrix (the coffee-leaf disease) in Ceylon with much success, and has issued a Second Report, containing not only much that is new plant. Among the numerous experiments made by Mr. Ward —which, on germinating, produce a four-chambered promycelium, whence arise four ‘‘conidia” at the tips of lateral branches. orm short delicate tube; they also begin germination on the coffee-leaf, but soon die. The farther history of these bodies is of the utmost importance to the investigation. On the “ coral-like i Mr. Ward has discovered numerous haustoria. He has also under supervision several experiments as to the application of remedial measures on a large scale. In an Appendix (H) there is an account of experiments made by Mr. Ward to satisfy himself of the fact that the wind conveys fungus spores from place to place. The examination of the glass slips exposed showed numerous spores of different kinds, including those of the Hemileia. This is interesting in view of the absurd objections made by Prof. Baldwin to Mr. George Murray’s similar experiments with the conidia of Phytophthora infestans, de By. ‘Journal of Botany,’ December, 1880). In this Report Mr. Ward shows that he has gathered a great mass of details, of mien we hope $$ Pror. Rap Tare has published ‘A Census of the indigenous Flowering Plants and Ferns of extra-tropical South Australia,’ on the same principle as Baron von Mueller’s ‘ Census of the Plants of Australia,’ referred to at p. Tue last part (vol. xiv., pt. 1) of the ‘Transactions of the Botanical Society of Edinburgh’ contains an interesting paper, by Mr. G. M. Thomson, on ‘The Flowering Plants of New Zealand and their Relation to the Insect Fauna.’ Tux recent (January) part of the * Proceedings of the Geologists’ Association’ contains Mr. G. 8. Boulger’s paper ‘ On the Geological and other causes of the Distribution of the British Flora,’ of whic we gave a summary at p. 62 of this Journal for 1880. Nothing can possibly be gained by calling Polyporus vulgaris “ Common effused Polyporus,” or Auricularia mesenterica ‘‘ Entire Auricularia.’ 126 NOTICES OF BOOKS AND MEMOIRS. Tue last part, published in February, of ‘Hooker’s Icones Plan- tarum’ contains figures and descriptions (the former “i hap executed) of some interesting novelties, including a new genus o Anacardiacee nia urn Oliv.), and one of Cyperacee yarns schenus, Benth.) Mr. Brrnarp Hosson, of Sheffield, ad aunts a Bese pamphlet of thirty-two 0 pages, entitled ‘ What observe in the Sheffield Botanic Garden,’ which is in many ae a thoviel of what such accurate information pleasantly conveyed in so small a compass. Printed apparently for private mee es we learn that the im- pression is already exhausted. We t that Mr. Hobson will issue a second edition for sale to th public, as the pam PBB E can hardly fail to interest a instruct any intelligent person who m visit the Sheffield g arden ricus (Pleurotus) parthenopejus, by omes; and ‘ d- denda ad Mycologiam Venetam,’ by OC. Spegazzini. Mr. J. E. Baenatt has Soniithliid in the ‘ Midland Naturalist’ a flora of Warwickshire, which, so far as can be ime fssery the introductory matter,—all that has yet appeared,—promises to be a careful record of our present knowledge of aa Botany of ‘lig county. We have before expressed our approval of the prominence given to local observations in this useful periodical. We have received ‘ asa acre for Klementary Students,’ by Dr. Houston, which forms one of ‘ Stewart’s Educational Series.’ New Booxs.—J. D. noe 9 ‘Flora of British India,’ part viii. (Rubiace— Composite ») (L. , 10s. 6d.). — V. A. Poutsen, ‘ Bo- tanische Mikrochemi Y (Cacecl "Facker) ae Franx, ‘ Die Krank- heiten der Plaka ye heen Trewendt). ARTICLES IN JOURNALS. EBRUARY. [Coulter's] coureL, Gazette-—K. C. Howe, ‘ Carex Sullivantit, Boott, ahybrid.’— sey, ‘ Trichostemma Parishii,’ sp.nov.— : Higley, ‘ Carnivorous Plants’ (contd.) ‘Catalogue of Indiana Plants.’ Botanische Zeitungy.—H. Hoffman, ‘ Cultural Experiments upon BOTANICAL NEWS. 127 Varia R. Cario, ‘Anatomical Researches upon Tristicha mh acai —H. Wendland, ‘ On the Borassinee Botaniska Notiser.—F.W.C. Areschoug, ‘ On the Fruit of Borra- ginee and Labiate.’—K. B. J. Forasell, ‘ Note upon a maximus, Li.’ Bulletin de la Société Botanique de Genéve.—J. M “a Genevan Characee,.’—Id., ‘ New Classification of the Vegetable King dom 8. Calloni, ‘ Pistillody of Stamens in Persica vulgaris ee ‘Mon- strosity of flower of Bet chime Dens-eanis.’—Id., ‘ ‘On the corm of Ranunculus bulbos Hedwigia.—R. Wolling, ‘Marine Alege of Heligoland’ pane aoe Journal of Linnean Society (Botany, vol. xviii., no. 110).—J. Baker, ‘On a Collection of Plants made by L. Kitching in ada. gascar’ (2 he Kitching and Rhodocodon [see Journ. Bot., p. 82] ). —G. Bentham, ‘ Not rchidea.'—Id., ‘ Notes on Cyperacea.’ Magyar Novena lias ok.—J. Snlenstetinsidly ‘Specimen Phy- cologie Aiquatoriensis.’—(Suppl.) A. Kanitz, ‘Plante Romanie hucusque cognite’ (contd. Midland Naturalist—J. E. Bagnall, ‘The Flora of Warwick- shire. —A. W. Wills, ‘The Desmidee o Wales.’ ‘ Plants Flowering at Falmouth, December, 1880, and faery 1881.’ (Esterreichische Botanische Zeitschrift. — Kerner, ‘ Seseli Malyi,’ n. sp.—M. Gandoger, ‘ Pugillus Arnie (contd. : forms of Pepin oh erispus, Ly¢ geum ta teum, and Hordeum murinum.’)— P. G. Strobl, ‘ Flora of Etna’ (contd. lens paar? —‘ Science- Boats Botanical Exchange Club Re- port for Botantcal News. se a a nage ve 25th March, 1807, at Hayange, where his father ged in the iron works. Banoated for the medical protean ‘at henibuce: on the outbreak of cholera in 1882 he was appointed assistant-surgeon in the department of the Moselle. He married in 1834, and thereupon settled at Nancy. He was compelled, on the plea of health, to relinquish his official duties in 1850, but in 1854 he willingly undertook the Professorship of Natural History in the new a Faculty of Sciences at Nancy, which he retained antl th 1845, and seconded. in 2 vols. in 1 1857 ; ‘ De apace et des races es eo étres organisés,’ 2 vols., 1859, an important contribution to the species- -question ; and the work in conjunction with Grenier, by which he is most widely known, the admirable ‘ Flore de France,’ roa three i the publication of which extended from 1848 1856 128 BOTANICAL NEWS. of the best and trusted contributors to the ‘ Contributions towards a Cybele Hibernica’ (1866), and had, in partnership wit e | pared an excellent n Cork, of College, in which institution he had of late been employed which no one in ty) ounty was more competent to carry out mo r and careful observer, Isaac Carroll iden- tified, with scrupulous interest, all the plants o his own county s ra’ in he Lichens and Mosses of the coun and will, we trust, be given to the public by the authorities of Queen’s College. Isaac Carroll did not limit his attention to the flowering plants alone. He was an excellent lichenologist, and published many lichenological papers, several of them in the earlier volumes of this Journal. In 1864 he accompanied Mr. Joseph Shackleton, of Lucan, and Dr. David Moore, to Lapland, for the express purpose of studying the alpine flora and collecting lichens in this desolate region: he also visited Iceland. Man of his specimens were purchased by the authorities of the British e Irish botanists have to regret the loss of one of the most exact, truthful, and diligent members of their little band. We under- stand that r. A. G. More, to whom we are indebted for this notice, is preparing a fresh supplement for the ‘ Cybele Hibernica,’ and in this the name of Mr. Isaac Carroll will be often quoted. Other younger botanists, though too few in Ireland, are already pushing forward their explorations throughout the less known districts. Mr. S, A. Stewart, of Belfast, Mr. Richard Barrington, and Mr. H. C. Hart have done good work already, and we ho ere long to see materials collected upon which may be founded an improved edition of Moore and More’s ‘ Cybele Hibernica.’ We are glad to learn that Mr. J. E. Griffith, of Bangor, has in contemplation a complete Flora of Anglesea, in which the Cryp- togams will be included. We have noticed what may be considered his preliminary list at p. 28 of this Journal. Tab. 220. : 3 Waterston & Sons, Lith? Edin® A Dickson, del! Tab. 219. A. Dickson, delt GWatersion& Sons, lath" Edin® 129 Ovigtnal Articles. ON THE MORPHOLOGY OF THE PITCHER OF CEPHALOTUS FOLLICULARIS. By Auexanper Dickson, M.D., Professor of Botany in the University of Edinbur rgh.* (Puares 219 & 220). In a paper on the Structure of the Pitcher of Cephalotus folli- cularis, read at the Plymouth meeting tes British a i i ae: umm J 1 of the pitcher between Cephalotus, on the one hand, and Sarracenia and Nepenthes, on the other. In Cephalotus the lid is placed on that side of the orifice of the pitcher nearest to the main axis, while in Sarracenia and Nepenthes it is on the side farthest from the main upper surface, in Cenhkaletia 4 on the other hand, the row poe would, on the assumption indicated, be Developmental evidence is at present acattly attainable, requi uiring, as it would do, the sacrifice of map st srt of a _ not _— easy of cultivation, and nev ry ¢ and nee of this we are glad to meet with nied t cateloaeal aeviebeis which may throw light upon the subjec Some time ago our esteeme roa Mr. Robert Lindsay, told me he had once seen what ‘nae to him to be a pitcher springing him to look ‘at our plants from ope Or a malities presenting themselves. The result has been the detection of several very interesting and instructive forms in oo ase between the ordinary foliage- _~ = the pitcher ; and I have the general morphological re sin although I have to admit the ene er of my previous 4 det of the subject. F alien hte are four in number, of small size an —- eisib ment, I shall now describe them in order of their tent of devi ‘ation from the form of the ordinary foliage-leaf pia that of a pitcher. * Read before the Botanical Society of Edinburgh, March 10th, 1861. N.s8. von. 10. [May, 1881.] : 180 ON THE MORPHOLOGY OF Specimen A (Plate 219, fig. 2).—In general form this closely iepinhios cot foliage- ‘ira presenting a somewhat ovate blade the middle line. In this specimen we have the pitcher matty foreshadowed by the spoon-like excavation, while the keel- like ridge has sents the middle dorsal wing, which is a very Secmntiienit eature in the ee pitcher. Specimen B ‘(Plate 219, fig. 8).—Here the excavation has advanced to the formation of a ee somewhat elongated funnel a the Eaasier end of the spoon-like excavation in the first mentioned imen, is here developed in the middle line into a small but distinct tooth-like oe This lobe is the first indication of the pite che ides As in the former a ripay poi =e is a also, a erabl longer and or lateral lobes, and a shorter, feebler median one. Here, ‘soca e have along the middle dorsal line a keel-like Sueatennn D (Plate 219, figs. 5 and 6).—In this, a misthriven - of very am size, we have a still greater approximation to the rmal ascidiu The is relatively larger, and exhibits two lobes Sisedated? by a considerable notch, in this respect according more with the structure of the normal lid, where we have the extremity sated ser es to the dichotomous disposition of the principal veins. Further, in addition to the middle dorsal keel or wing, which i is more carga ee in this than in the other age form = the apex of the foliage le af. specimens it is to be noted that the tip of the middle dortal k heck or a 03 the apex of the leaf are coincident. Inasmuch, however, as THE PITCHER OF CEPHALOTUS FOLLICULARIS. 181 the corrugated rim represents the leaf-margin, then the tip of the middle dorsal wing would represent the leaf-apex. If, on the other e; partly from the coincidence of the tip of the middle dorsal keel or wing with the leaf-apex in the abnormal specimens mentioned above, and partly from the vascular distribution in the normal pitcher. In the outwards past the lower extremit of the lateral wing, and passing obliquely across the lateral glandular patch to curve upwards towards the pitcher orifice, and a middle vein which runs in the ventral wall of the pitcher to the bottom, whence 1t passes on to the opinion this course of the mi dle vein seems to prove that the middle dorsal wing is a development of the midrib, and that its pex. : three specimens exhibiting the funnel-shaped excavation, i the far side of the “lateral lines” are distinctly recognisable as ridges, one on. either side, running from the junction of the ¢ base of the lid down towards the extremity of the pe they di : 1 Sak in idea, one of the funnel-like structures above described into the normal Cephalotus-pitcher, we must imagine that side of the funnel nearest to -the main axis as remaining © atively stationary, while the far side of the funnel becomes calceolately pouched to an enormous ex tent, forming, in fact, * Somewhat similarly, the teeth in line with the lateral wings of the pitcher are also of conspicuous size, 182 _ ON THE MORPHOLOGY OF almost the entire pitcher. The pitcher-leaf of Cephalotus, with its oo pouching, whereby the apex of the a is curve round s to become Lanne gee ve its base, may not i uptl rg com- Ww the lamina and approxima of apex to base. The interest of this comparison is further Seaueal by the circumstance that in both cases the internal surface is developed Sects rp for ver different purposes) as a secreting apparatus. illustration i he parallel, I Cephalotus (Plate 219, fig. 6), placed in _—— a position—with petiole nearly vertical—as will enable any one at a glance to com- pare it with the nectariferous petal of demain (Plate 219, oe ite a& figure of which I have borrowed from Prof. Asa Gray’s ‘ Text 7 at conclusions to which I have been led may thus nett te stat That the pitcher results from a calceolate pouching of the ef bade from the upper surface. hat the apex of the leaf is on the far side of the pitcher- orifice from the main axis and from eu Sor and is probably repre- sented by the tip of the middle dorsal w 8rd. That the pitehbe-t lid reieostaalra an a onigindh or excrescence from the upper leaf-surface. 8 place I must mention Naes Dr. Masters, in : his ‘ Tera- or imperfect pitchers may be feequently met with in which the not been sufficient to enable Dr. Masters to come definite opinion on pitcher-morphology. This may = prs a ‘from his samediotely following conclusions as to ascidia in general, which run thus :—* It is not in all cases easy to trace the origin and nae nature of the ascidium, as the venation is sometimes obscure. If there be a single well- marked midrib the probability is that the case is one of cohesion of the margins of the leaf ; but if formed from the hollow end of a leaf-stalk. Further information is ok needed as to the mode of gre lopment and formation of e tubular organs so as to ascertain clearly when they are the restilt “of a true cu upping vee and when of cohesion of the margins of one or more leay In soneluhiti, Imay vile to the principal points for comparison, * To this — Dr. Masters would, no do ubt, relegate the case of Cepha- toes = seems just possible that in the monstrosities of Cephalotus petubhed 10 hy sole he sallien® of the pitcher-lid has been mistaken for a > siadiideathey THE PITCHER OF CEPHALOTUS FOLLICULARIS. 138 or — between the pitcher of mprenty: on the one hand, and of Sarracenia and Nepenthes, on the other, in bo of aidek “latter the development sa been examin arracenia by ~ get Baillon,* and in Ne epenthes by ‘Bir J oseph D. Socket t s Sarracenia, Baillon’s observations and conclusions are briefly as follows :—In S. purpurea the leaf appears at first as a small convex mammilla little r the b th an becomes somewhat dilated and a little concave towards the inner surface. This dilatation is the sheathing base of the petiole, and at a later paid becomes considerably developed. It has —— to oi with the formation of the pitcher. This last appears some- portions mer exitakis holds to x formed on the upper surface of the lamina. The fully-developed pitcher he views as corre- sponding morphologically toa peltate leaf like that of Nelwnbium. The large but shallow inverted cone which forms the leaf-blade in Nelwm- bium becomes in tot: racenia deeper and narrower, so as ultimately to present the form of a lon _ obconical horn. The rasa lid he Sarracenia the whole outer surface of the pitcher, on the near as well as on the far side from the main axis, would represent lower leaf-surface ; whereas in Cephalotus the upper surface of the pitcher = — the port on of the outer surface of the pitcher-wall opera g between it and the extremity of the petiole, and bounde Shams by the ‘lateral lines” above referred to, belong to upper eaf-surface As re gards Nepenthes, Hooker’s observations conclusively show _ the pitsher-av ity is _ result of a po ouching from the upper ogee from the upper leaf-surface, just as in Cephalotus : with s difference, however, that while in Cephalotus the lid peiie rae the side of the pitcher orifice nearest to the main axis, the lid in Nepenthes springs from the side farthest from it. The pitcher-leafof Nepenthes presents, as is well known, very con- siderable difficulties to the morphologist who wishes to reduce its oe 8 to the terms a ‘‘petiole ” and “ lamina.” The flatly expanded po sometimes sessile and sometimes supported by what closely sedcmiblee a selisies | is considered by Hooker as the lamina, whose * Sur le devel +t das fenilles des Sarracenia. ‘Comptes Rendus’ (ixxi., p. 630. is + On sina’ and Development of the Pitchers of Nepenthes, with an Account br some new Bornean Plants of that Genns. (Trans. Linn, Soc vol, xxii,, p, 415,) 184 THE PITCHER OF CEPHALOTUS FOLLICULARIS. midrib is produced as a tendril-like structure somewhat after the fashion of. the cirrhose prolongation of the leaf-apex in Gloriosa. The pitcher he views as a glandular excavation on the internal aspect of this “excurrent midrib” somewhat below its extremity. With regard to this determination a few remarks may no out of place. If Hooker’s representation of the early development of the leaf of Nepenthes be examined, and especially his figure of the first — the young leaf, the base of which is already some- at dilated and a little concave towards the inner surface. If the sidive of Sarracenia represents a leaf-blade, it seems scarcely —.. to resist the conclusion that the same must hold good for pe An apparent difficulty, however, arises as to the ma np of the flat expansion below the cirrhose support of the pite At first I was disposed to look upon all the parts se the a the flat expansion—as representing the — ; but a mination of the remarkable leaf-forms occurring in certain Crot tons now inclines me to adopt a view virtually identical with that of Hooker, although perhaps not exactly in the shape contemplated by) him plan called Croton tae and C. picturatus—pro- bably both of oe monstrous forms of C. angustifolius—we have, interrupted leaves the distal portion of the lamina—borne upon the ‘‘ excurrent midrib’’—is dev ra peltate- Epo, into an oblique funnel of varying depth.* (Plate 220, figs. he closeness of the parallel which may be fod awn vapor this and, although analogical reasoning of this kind must be employed with ga _ seems highly proba ble that in Nepenthes we have to deal with a the a of which is interrupted in the middle of its course is hincaice — ag - midrib, and that, while the proximal portion of the lamin ins its typical form of a flat expansion, ~ distal oaniaaek Passed peltately expanded into a funnel or pitcher cum leaves hg — to, it is to be noted that the vaca. expansion, while sometimes simply narrowed into the vitnatel portion, as in Plate 220, fig. 1, is more frequently — towards its e rece in ay poliate ig . “— the * Especially in C. picturatus, A REVISION OF THE INDIAN SPECIES OF LEEA. 185 as a similar paeties towards the extremity of the proximal expan- sion occurs in many of the leaves of Nepenthes phyllamphora, er forms one of the specific characters of Hooker’s magnificen N. Rajah. EXPLANATION OF PuatEs. Prats 219.—a — Leaf-apex. = Pitcher-lid. 11 =“ Lateral line.” mdw . = wing. lw—Lateral wing. mdt= Middle dorsal tooth of corru- Ne 1. "Normal. Foliage- feat of Cephalo Fig. 2. Specimen Leaf with spoon- Tike excavation on upper leaf-surface. _ +» Fig. 3. Specimen B. Leaf fan nel-shaped, with a all tooth-like rudiment of pitcher-lid on the near side of the orifice of the fun me: * i Leaf funnel-shaped. Beaton of pitcher-lid 3-lobed. ot Bppeimen D. Leaf funnel-shaped. Rudiment of pitcher-lid 2- lobed. Nearly = a vie 5 (a). Nearly dorsal view of same specimen. Middle dorsal wing seen ir ite tip lifoeric$ with the leaf-apex Fig. 6. Normal Ascidium-leaf, placed, with petiole waged sisiaan Kon com- parison with the funnel-shaped abnormalities and with the accompanying figure “of the petal of Aconitum. If the Ascidium-leaf be baa ge with the Fran pal shaped specimens, and the position of the “lateral lines” (12) be noted, it will be evident that the nea poo B consists of a calceolate expansion of the far side of ie — owt e main & fe rous a of poet grme as Asa Gray), showing petiolar Seen (tay) nd calocoataly pouched la Prare 220.—Fig. 1. Interrupted leaf of Croton picturatus. Distal portion of lamina sia, forming an n oblique funnel. Proximal expansion simply narrowed into the attenuated portion. Fig, 2. Another of the same. Here, however, the upper part of the on expansion is dete iy o that the filamentary midrib appears as ‘‘ excurre ent” fro the lower leaf-surfa In Plate 219 the figures are all more or less magnified. In Plate 220 they are of natural size. tat A REVISION OF THE INDIAN SPECIES OF LEEA. By C. B. Crarxe, M.A., F.L.S. (Continued from p. 106.) Series B. jeignar Re greenish white. YONONEURE. — Stout shrubs, with several stems. ‘nnate. Leaflets with numerous, close, parallel, primary nerves, conspicuous on the up leaflet ; secondary nerves close, parallel, pubescent beneath. Ser- ratures of margin 1-2 only for each primary nerve.—In this section are collected three species, easily separ ated from all the rest, but very difficult to distinguish in the herbarium. 11. L. crispa, Linn. Mant, 124.—Leaves all simply pinnate ; petioles and rhachises often winged ; leaflets: broadly oblong, very parallel-sided, acute or shortly acuminate ; ripe berries steel-gray. —Roxb. Fl. Ind. (ed. Wall.), i, 467; Wall. List, 6827 ; DC. Prodr. 136 A REVISION OF THE INDIAN SPECIES OF LEEA. . 685; Laws. in Fl. Brit. Ind. i. 655 partly; Kurz in Journ re Soc. 44, ii. 179; For. a i. 280. —L, pinnata, Andr. Bot. Rep. v. t. 355. Ben, ngal, Assam, Chittagong, Pegu; common in the plain Less frequent in the hills up to 2500 feet alt. in handel A stiff shrub, 4-8 feet. There are no bipinnate lores in the herbarium, nor hay ve Lany recollection of such. Leaflets 4-7 in., rarely at all caudate, obtuse at the base, subsessile, or some of them with petiolules } in. long; primary nerves 12-15, or even 24 on ach side the mi int somewhat winged; nearly glabrous or slightly pubescent ; bracts subpersistent, 1-4 in., linear; bracteoles } in., lanceolate. Petals green, agers ~- white ; lobes shortly bifid, emarginate or mucronate. often 4 in. diam., passing from green 7 a mealy black- bind te going through any yellow stage.—Linne says his L. crispa was oe on a South African plant which aise to him from Herb. Ro The example now in Linneus’s own herbarium, which came fro om Herb. Royen, and is named L. crispa y Linneus’s hand, is exactly the Bengal plant; but no Leea is known from South Afri ica, and no Leea at all near L. crispa from Tropical Africa 12. L. aspera, Edgw. in Trans. Linn. Soc. xx. 36.—Upper leaves simply pinnate, or sometimes somewhat bipin nate, petioles and rhachises round or scarcely winged, leaflets rere rag . For. Fl. 102; Laws. in Fl. Brit. . 665, not of hdr nor of Kurz. L. staphylea, Wall. List. 6824, @ and t of Roxb. Novth-weat Himalaya, alt. 2000-5000 feet, from Kumaon (Edge- worth) to Kashmir (Jacquemont) frequent ; and up to 7000 feet near Dalhousie, C. B. Clarke. Chota Nagpore, alt. 2000 feet, frequent; Parasnath, Ranchee, &c., C. B. Clarke. Bombay, Capt. Geturne ; oncan, Law. Anamallays, Wight, nn. Le 526.—One of the eaves bipinnate. Leaflets not parallel-sided; primary nerv carried very nearly (rarely quite) to the edge, gr curved a bifurcated, so that the peas ns of the margin are often nearly twice as many as the primary nerves, and less ica than those of L. crispa: upper surface asperous in Edgeworth’s type specimen, but the bristles are more often obsolete. Corymb bracts, flower an yellow her first Heth some of my examples the bracts are nearly an inch long, the brnsteoles + in. lanceolate-linear some- what persistent; but they are hardly worth eisegan h a “variety of.—This species must be called L. asper a, Edgw., n for Wallich’s note (in Roxb. Fl. Ind. ed. ‘Wall, ii. 168) "probatly A REVISION OF THE INDIAN SPECIES OF LEEA. 137 means by L. aspera the same plant which he has under that name in his herbarium, which is L. robusta, Roxb. (see below . L. wersacea, Ham. in Wall. List. 6829. pes or many of ae oe ge leaflets eae acuminate the base rhomboid or rounded, petioles and rachises rounded or scarcely winged, ripe berries yellow, finally black.—L. aspera, Kurz, in Journ. As. Soc. 44, ii. 178,179, For. FI. i. 280, not of Wall. L. crispa, Laws., in Fl. Brit. Ind. i. 655, in great part. Himalaya east from Nepal, Khasia, and Birma, alt. 1000-5000 feet, in the lowe hills everywhere; the most abundant species of Indian Le eea, but not spreading over the plains at any distance A 8s of many stems 12-16 feet high, bowing in all geciine when fully Pa te Kurz says sometimes a treelet -15 feet, in which state I have not seen it. Hxcept in the less species does not much differ from L. aspera, Kdgw. urZ very likely right in uniting it therewith (Kurz, not aii Wallich’s erbarium to consult, supposed L. aspera, Wall., to be the same as L. aspera, Edgw.) The leaflets are particularly free from bristles on the surface, and this was perhaps the reason why Prof. Lawson laced it with L. crispa, from whisk I Page it well distinct, It is Beaty burnt down in the jungle- -fires of the lower hills, and the shoots from the old roots dower; i the ae shoots of the truly arboreous species) frequently Buchanan-Hamilton named L. herbac Sect. 5. Pavcrronioros#. Leaves simple, or 1-pinnate with few pte eas. Herbs or undershrubs. Primary nerves not close in the Sect. Pycnoneura, much fewer than the serrations of the hate 14. — macropuyiia, Hornem. Hort. Hafn. i. 231, not of DC.; leaves large cordate ovate simple mealy white beneath from minute clustered pubescence, lobes of bee staminal tube entire or slightly emarginate. oxb. Hort. Beng. 18, Ic. ined. in Herb. Kew Fl. Ind. ed. Wall. ii. 466; Wall, ‘List. 6818; Wight, Ic. t. 1154; Dalz. & Gibs. Bomb. Fl. 41; Laws. in Fl. Brit. In . i. 654, partly ; Brand. For. Fl. 102; Kurz For. Fl. i. 278, in Journ. As. Soc. 44, 7 178 we simplicifolia, Griff. Notul. iv. 697, Ie. Pl. ‘Asiat. +. 645, 1, not of Zoll. © Scattered nearly throughout India, alt. 0-2000 feet ; but not abundant anywhere. Terai of the North-west Himalaya, Falconer, Royle; Sikkim Terai, C. B. Clarke ; Assam, Jenkins; Bengal, near Furidpore, C. B. Clarke; Monghyr, Lockwood ; Chota eee ( B. Clarke. Neelgherries, Wight. Mergui, Griffith. Frequent in the mixed forests of Poe and Martaban, fide Kurz. Herbaceous, 1-8 feet high. Lowest leaf sometimes 2 feet diam., upper leaves 6-9 in.; leaves acute, margin toothed often irregularly ; rimary nerves 8-10 on each side the midrib (in the upper leaves), often some of them 1 in. apart; mealy pubescence of the surface 3 138 A REVISION OF THE INDIAN SPECIES OF LEEA. nearly org ae with age (as see Wight and Dalzell) ; petioles oft , stipules very large, say mare a tea sessile, mealy pubescent, large or sma y t+ in ., black, 4-6-0 elled.—F rom a note in Herb. Wight, L. seaihiha ike, DG., was L. sambucina, Willd. 50, 4s 1a, Wall. List. 6821; leaves lal nae with 5-8-1 leafilets, joatlets saclate elliptic acute mea y white beneath from minute ‘clustered pubescence, lobes of the sain tube notched. Kurz For. Fl. i. 278, in Journ. As. Soc. 44, ii. 178.—L. macro- phyla, Laws., in Fl. Brit. Ind. i. 664, partly, “seh of Hornem. L. cinerea and coriacea, Laws., in Fl. Brit. Ind. i. Prome, Wallich. Concan, Stocks; Malabar, Palghat, Wight. Leaflets usually 8-5, the upper sessile, the lower shortly London and Calcutta does not amount to much. This plant has ery appearance of being the full form of L. macrophylla, oe : sispodt Prof. Lawson was right when he united it therewith. a lobes of its staminal tu ut I can make nothing definite out of that character. The ieteduition of the two species at once suggests - that one is merely a form of the other. de coriacea, Laws., merely the fruiting state of L. cinerea, Laws.; the difference in the mealy indumentum of the two (each fo fou pte) on a single fragment) toothing of the margin of the two. Prof. Lawson calle 8-foliolate examples of L. latifolia (in Herb Wallich) LZ. macro- phylla, Roxb., and he placed the species of L. latifolia with L macrophylla Ait than with his L. cinerea and coriacea at the same time that he diagnosed L. macrophy ve as nee simple leaves. But — whole set is perhaps but one » Le. 6 Kurz in Journ. Bot t. 1875, 825; glabrous, lention 35 ‘putiolulate coriaceous ovate- oblong acute very large, corymbs stout short-peduncled. Nicobars, Katchall, et Distrib. “‘Tace and Trick,” fide Kurz in Journ. As. Soc A treelet, tical feet he Leaflets 11 by 44 in.; primary nerves 12 on e side the midrib 3 in. apart, crenations very shallow or fesigaiak often 2 or more for each primary nerve; petiolules 3 in. le 1 in. stout; co iam.; bracts and bracteoles early deciduous ; Rah rather larger than in the are re rry (ex Kurz) size of a Spe pea, lead- ure —Description copied main Z, nee ade . . 6. Samevcinz. Leaves 2-8-pinnate, glabrous or ve near. ae so; pr pind nerves not very close and parallel as in Sect. Pyenoneure. Trees and shrubs. 17. ‘s ascites Kurz in Journ. As. Soc. 42, ii. 65; 44, A REVISION OF THE INDIAN SPECIES OF LEEA. 189 ure. Height, 12-15 feet. Petioles long, terete; leaflets 4-6 in., linear to oblong-lanceolate long-acuminate, blunt at the base, serrate, chartaceous; petiolules 4—} in. sharply 4-angled. Cymes corymbose, shorter than the petiole, flowers in small clusters. e foregoing is copied from Kurz. There is no authenticated r Sf nerves close, parallel, conspicuous. Peduncle } m. Corymb (in fruit) 4-5 in. diam., bracteoles ovate, acute, }-} by ¢ i-, P sistent (some of them) among the ripe fruits; pedicels nearly i iam. en he leaflets and the corymb are quite different. The plant is perhaps really allied to L. bracteata, but it is glabrous, and the venation 1s totally different. Naga Hills, Grigith (Herb. Propr. n. 1297. From the date on Griffith’s original ticket it appears that this plant was collected in the true Mishmee country 18. L. paratcera, Wall. List. 6828.—Shrubby, leaves 2-pinnate or the uppermost 1-pinnate, leaflets elongate-oblong acuminate, primary nerves very oblique, peduncles or primary corym -rays very long. Laws. in Fi. Brit. Ind. 1. : Kurz in Journ. As. oc. 44, ii, 178; For. Fl. i. 278.—L. angustifolia, Laws. In FL it. Ind. i. 666. Burma, Wallich ; Rangoon, M‘ Lelland; Assam, Masters. Bengal (? Assam), Jenkins. Leaflets 9 by 13 in., rhomboid at base, chartaceous, g i 12 on i eal s, = ao Lor] S r= > ar | ® ro ® = & ma m ; x : minutely puberulo-pubescent. Flowers sambucina. 9. L. sampvorna, Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 1177.—Shrubby, leaves bi- or tri-pinnate, leaflets elliptic acuminate crenate glabrous not nly longish, e 5 , noe black. Roxb. Hort. Beng. 18, Fl. Ind. ed. C etals tinctly notched, 140 A REVISION OF THE INDIAN SPECIES OF LEEA. all. ii. 470; DC. Prodr. i. 683; Wall. List. 6823, a, C, part B partly; Brand. For. Fl. 102; Kurz. in Journ. As. Soc. 44, 11. 179, For. Fl. i. 279; not of Benth., nor ~ Baker ——L. Staphylea, Roxb. a Asi Pro 182; Wight, ios 78 alz. & Gibs b Fl. 41; Thwaites Enum. Pl. Zeyl. 64.—L. Ottilis, DC. P. 636.—Leea viridiflora, Planch. Hort 6.—Aquilicia Sam- bucina, Linn 211; Cav. Dissert. vu. t. 218, — . Man 2 optime. Staphylea amas Burm. Fl. Ind. 75, t. 24, fig. 2. Aquilicia Ottilis, Gaert i, 275.—Ottilis Zeylanica, Gaertn. Fruct. t. 57.— Gastonia Natga, Lamk. Dict. 611.—Gilibertia Sale, DC. chiang te 256.—Rumph. Herb. ihasb iv. t. 45. Rheede Hort. al. ii. (scarce). No example at Kew from Australia, Africa, or its islands. A stiff, branching shrub, 4-10 feet high. Kurz says that in Burma it is sometimes a treelet 15-20 feet high; I have never seen it with anything like a trunk. = (flets 4 by 24 in., rhomboid oe sereded at the base ; jews nerves 12 on each side the midrib apart, curving much near the eats of the leaf, crenatures oren acute or subserrate) ie 8 to each primary nerve; secon nerves less distinct than in most species ; =e ules $-} in stipules caducous. Corymbs 8-6 in. diam.; bracts and fee inconspicuous, early deciduous. Born y +-} in. diam.; pyrenes 4-6.—Some of the Malay Peninsula examples have very large leaflets, or ate stout corymbs. The species appears to become a. attributes to his L. sambucina red berries; it could, t therefore, not have been the Bengal sambucina. ae Malay ‘‘ sambucina”’ is nearly all of it red-petalled, is the same as the Australian sambucina of Bentham, and belongs to Series Rubriflore. The Madagascar sam- ae and the tropical African sambucina also have red petals. ar. occtdentalis.—Corymb-branches stout, buds much shorter and broader than those of ‘the Bengal sambucina.—This appears to be the common Malabar form, from Concan to Ceylon ; here belong Wall. List. 6824, A, B,D, H. It would appear from the plants of Roxburgh found in Wallich’s Herbarium that Roxburgh considered the Bengal and Malayan plant to ea L. peices the oetdentalis alive ; it is a form not found eastw ; I cannot, there: fore, hazard nny opinion regarding its specif separ lity ANTEA, Griff. Notul. iv. 697, Pl. 645, fig. 3, not of ta —Shrubb by, ‘ith a Agate cuake -iahivied pier oan ue bee A REVISION OF THE INDIAN SPECIES OF LEEA. 141 2-8-pinnate, leaflets large, corymbs in fruit half a yard in diam. lax, petals green rubescent towards the base, lobes of the staminal tube conic-subulate, berry black, seeds grooved without tubercles. L. sambucina, Wall. List. 6828, B. (chiefly).—L. Staphylea, Wall. List. at Se ay Peninsula, from Moulmein southwards, and in Penang; Wallich, Griffith. Wallich has noted “ large tree” on his specimens. This s resembles much the large forms of L. sambucina, but the tobes of the staminal tube are acute entire. The seeds, which I have examined in all the nue EE examples of Griffith se Wallich, are SN as those of L. sambucina. The leaflets are sometimes as much as 11 by 34 in L, BERCULOSEMEN, C. B. Clarke.—As L. gigantea, but the bs ene Cabarelad: keeled, th bag’ tubercled-ribbed.” L. gigantea, Kurz in ae As. Soc . 65; 44, ii. 178—179; For. Fi. i. From Moulmein to Tavoy, apparently frequent, Kurz. I have given this most obscure species a horrible name, as no other Leea has Aeon meso much. The ee of all my Leeas, which I had supposed L. gigantea, have a +-shaped gr ee down the back, jaeead’ at a tubercled keel ; and therefare both Kurz and © Dr. King have allele told me that I was mistaken about L. gigantea, Griff. I now find that, in all Griffith’s material an nd in all his pictures, hees't is but one form of seed which is tubercled neither on the keel nor on the sides. I have sometimes imagine that by a slip it was meant that the pyrenes were tubercled on the keel and sides. Such an imagination can hardly be hazarded with regard to two such botanists as Kurz an King: and, moreover, s; they e present species str be left for future extrica 22. L. umpracuuirera, C. B. Clarke. nes glabrous, leaves 2-8-pinnate, leaflets (not large) narrow lanceolate acuminate caudate, corymb very large lax 2-8 feet wide in fruit, petals tre staminal tube white a bifid, otherwise as L. sambucina.— wibieiala. Herb. Kew, not of Wa ikkim, Bhotan, hasta, alt. 1000-2000 a a J; Di Hooker, Wallich, Booth, Masters, Jenkins, C. sure it is rbraculifera ; and b es with it, all the L. Achaea has rea med i. ods acuminata, Wall. This is that L. acuminata, Wall., whith Satie wa sunk in L. ene: _ I am not sure tha it he is wrong in so doin trees which are shrubby in the pnts of Banca, but hich Lyell as large trees, with considerable leaf-differences, in the hills. L. 142 GENERIS ASARI SPECIEM NOVAM. se lar does not differ from L. sambucina either in its — it is separated by its rae large size, narrow caudate tatiana: and very spreading panic 23. L. mntecrirouia, Roxb. Fl. — ed. Wall. ii. 472.—Glabrous, leaves 3-pinnate, leaflets lanceolate caudate entire or sometimes very slightly serrate, corymb peduncled large, flowers and fruits as nL. sambucina. W. as Prodr. 132 ; Laws. in Fl. Brit. Ind. i. 667. Cirears; in mois shot he Roxburgh. This was ear an accidental variety of L. sambucina with unusually entire ieailets 6 or it must have been a species that no leaflets elliptic acuminate a itves 6 on a the nerves beneath, pfinoe = arge lax in fruit nearly glabrous. Assam, Masters, n. eaflets 42 by 3 in., minutely setulose on the upper —_, primary nares 2 on each side the midrib, serratures 2-8 for ea primary nerve ; secondary nerves reticula ted, only chactaal parallel. Berries "Od. seeded.—I cannot guess from the buds whether the petals were ao they rea have been, and the leaves resemble agers those of L. rubra. This is a very puzzling specimen; it was nh Heb: Bentham, and there named L. robusta, Roxb., and has since been named by Lawson L. aspera, Wall. may be near L. sambucina or L. lata, but, so far as I can judge, not near L. robusta or L. aspera. (To be continued.) GENERIS ASARI SPECIEM NOVAM orrert H, F. Hance, 348 AsaRUM cCAUDIGERUM, 8 —Foliis binis oppositis carnosulis flaccidis supra obscure cake preeter nervos pilis raris consitos laberrimis subtus opacis pallidioribus puberulis petiolo lamine i aoa sordatb- reniformi acute sinu basali lato lobis diver- haud n limbi lobis ‘subovato- lanceolatis medio leviter cenateatla apice in acumen orme iis sequilongum productis, antheris processu parvo globoso coronatis, stylis 6 in. columnam cavam stamina admquantem fere ad apicem usque coalitis, stigmatibus terminalibus recurvis, ovario subinfero. In prov. Cantonensi, secus fl. East River, coll. Dr. C. Gerlach, m, Novembri, 1880. (Herb. propr. n. 21366. es insignis, a propinquis 4. caulescenti, Maxi A. hima- laico, Hook. fil., et precipue, ut vee tur, A. Hookeri, Piel. ‘& Gardn. ” variis notis, imprimis antherar m appendicis forma, perigoniique lobis longissime filiformi- Gatidlatio optime distincta. 143 NOTES ON SHROPSHIRE PLANTS. By Wriuus E. Becxwirs. (Concluded from p. 46.) Digitalis purpurea, L. I have found the white — about the Wrekin, and near Condover, for several ae ars in succession. Linaria Cy syordalan; Mill. Old walls in towns very frequent ; near Cound I have found it on ditch ba: eve L. Elatine, Mill. Very frequent in ploughed fields under the n n; I have also found it, near Charl ill ington, Pitchford, and Almond Park, usually growing on erin clay soils Limosella aquatica, L. In a pool on Charlton Hill, Wroxeter. Veronica polita, Fries. ae fields, often “ae plenti ¥; boercongt x Ten. In 1877 I found several plants of this Veronica near Eaton Constantine, but I have never seen it since V. montana, L. Very fre qt in woods about the Wrekin and on Wenlock Edge e. V. scutellata, L. Pools near Berrington; near the reservoir under the alee: ; boggy ground on the Longmynds; near Ellesmere “< rekin. Lathrea Squamaria, L. Mr. R. rh Sergeantson has obtained this species by a brook on Cound Moo Orobanche rapum, Thuill. On Saeeti near Brockholes Bank, oe pe near Acton Burne L. In the summer of 1880 I found this —— Piola " plantitally, in a field of red clover between Berringt and Cound. Verbena officinalis, L. Near Shineton ; Spoul Lane, Leighton ; Harnage, Cound, Buildwas, Berrington, and Attingham Lycopus europeus, L. Pool near Katon Constantine ; very frequent about Berrington, Bomere Pool, and Ellesm Mentha viridis, L. Right bank of the Severn, ton. Coalport. M. sativa, L. Boggy ground near Eaton Mascott Thymus Ser pyllum, L. Very plentiful about t Much Wenlock and Ludlow ; occurs also on Charlton Hill and the Longmynds. Origanum vulgare, L. Brockholes Bank near Leighton, and near Moel-y-golfa Hill, just on the borders of “ts eta Mr. M. Sergeantson has also brought me specimens from Frodesley. ‘ Calamintha Clinopodium, Spenn. Very frequent in woods and edges about the Wrekin. C. Acinos, Clairv. ‘Frequent about Much Wenlock; near Whitemere Mere, 144 NOTES ON SHROPSHIRE PLANTS. C. menthifolia, Host. Near Bridgnorth and Uffington. Salvia Verbenaca, L. Rather frequent about Bridgnorth; near . Harnage, Coun Scutellaria galericulata, L. Frequent near Leighton, EKaton Mascott, Berrington, Ellesmere, and along the banks of the Shropshire Union Cana. Ppkee ODER: R. M. Sergeantson has found this species near “a Casale Hill and Frodesley. Marrubium vulgare, L. On Charlton Hill, but probably an escape from a garden. Stachys ye Benth. Very abundant in fields near the Wrekin, Charlton Hill, and Cressage Par Galeopsis onion, Ehrh. Rather frequent about Much and Little Wenlock, and round the base of the Wrekin. : Acre ee pan Near Berrington, Bomere, and Dryton Wroxeter. Lamium amplexicaule, L. Near Dryton Wroxeter L. album, L. eee near villages; very common in the parish of Wroxete Galeo eient, Crantz. Moist reat about the Wrekin, 1B Teucrium Chamedrys, L. Ihada spocidea of pore plant, sent me by Mr. W. Phillips, in 1877, from near Bridgnorth lock; a variety with pink flowers growing near the latter place. the summer of 1878 this species was most abundant, in a clover-field between Upton Magna and Withington, probably brought in impure clover-seed. Lithospermum officinale, L. Peter between Cound and Even- wood; banks of the Severn near Buildwas; woods in Farley Dingle, about Tickwood Hall, and near Coalport ; hedges near Blackmere Mere, Ellesmere. ai arvensis, L. Near Garmston, Leighton; and Hardwick near esm M, sae collina, Reich. Charlton Hill and Tentree Hill, — Arkoll Hill; High Rock, near Bridgnorth. rsicolor, Reich. Frequent on high ground, especially a ‘the Wrekin , Much Wenlock, Bridgnorth, and Church Stretton. nehusa arvensis, Bieb. Fields apc ‘oer st Cound, Mue Wenlock, Bridgnorth, and Grinshill, fre A. sempervirens, L. In 1878 I haat ‘thi is plant growing luxuriantly near the Leopard Inn, ee a locality given by Mr. W. P. Brookes in Leighton’s ‘Flor Symphytum “etre L. Very Sissies about Shifnal ; re also along the ban 8 of the Tern, and near Leighton, and Cound ne Cound, Much Wenlock, Bridgnorth, mens Soke ren Pinguicula vulgaris, L. Very frequent on t gmyn he Lon nds ; few plants also grow in a b fiel the Wrekin. gr oggy field at the south-west base. of NOTES ON SHROPSHIRE PLANTS. 145 Utricularia minor, L. Very frequent in a deep ditch, running pee with the Cambrian Raalwar, about the middle of Whixall Mos Fiicuinda palustris, L. Fre equent near Cound, Berrington, Bomere, Wroxeter, and pean ane abundant in ditches near Oteley, and Blackmere, Ellesm Primula vulgaris, Huds. i 1878 I found a Phen with dark sulphur-coloured flowers, in the Devil’s Sa uildwas. . officinali-vulgaris, Syme. Not uidffey tint! in woods near Spout Lane, Leighton, and between Little Wenlock and Buildwas. La ysimachia vulgaris, L. Bogs near Coalport, Leighton, Cound, and Katon Mascott. By Berrington and Almond Pools; ve ry frequent main the Ellesmere Meres, especially Colemere and Whitemer i Neils aria, Li, Abundant about Coalport; frequent near Speke Shineton, Harley, Cressage, Leighton, Berrington, and Elles An nagallis arvensis, LL. The variety cerulea of this species has grown for several years in some fields south of Eaton Constantine eee nella, L. Very frequent on the Longmynds; occurs also on ree Hill, and in boggy ground under the Wrekin. Plantago media, L. Abundant about Much Wenlock and Build- rms P. Coronopus, L. Rocks on Chatiton Hill, Wroxet Sete aihan, annuus, L. Near Acton Bavuell, on Chazlton Hill, and eee Hill, Wroxeter, on the Cambrian Railway, over Whixall Mos Chasspadiun Bonus-Henricus, lL. Wenlock lpr near Build- Rumex maritimus, L. By Ellesmere Mere. Ficld near — “eines Plentiful in a bog between Eaton Mascott and Coun R. irs ll spb Huds. Tern river. Pools near ne Shifnal. By Colemere Me Polygonum PaaS, xd; ar Raton Constantine; White Ladies and Boscobel, Shifnal ; Shelton Rough, Shrew sbury ; and cigiait has frequent by the River Worfe, near Rindleford; and n llesmere. Daphne Laureola, LL, Frequent near Much Wenlock, Buildwas, and Little Wenlock. I have meth found it at Harley; and Mr. R. M. Sergeantson near Acton Burn Empetrum nigrum, L. esuueal on Welshampton Moss Euphorbia py L. Abundant about Much Wenlock ; and Shinewood, Shineton; oy near Ludlow, Craven Arms, Almond Past and Buildwa E. exigua, ce Cultivated fields near Little Wenlock, Leighton, Buildwas, Harley, and Eaton Constantine, frequent. “ Callitriche pedunculata, DC. Pools and cpsem about sere , Eyton-on-Severn, Leighton, Cound, and Berrington, freq ee demersum, L. Rather sian in Elle eae wit ere, more rarely in Whitemere Mere. U 146 NOTES ON SHROPSHIRE PLANTS. Parietaria diffusa, Koch. Wenlock, Buildwas, and Haughmond Abbeys. Rocks and walls in Bridgnorth, Ludlow, Oswestry, and arctan Corbet Humulus Lupulus, L. Hedges very frequent, and certainly quite wild. Carpinus Betulus, L. Frequent at the base of the Wrekin, above Wenlock Woo Myrica Gale, L. “Bo oBBy ground near Lee, Croesmere and Blaekmere Meres, Ellesmer is alba, L. Near Buildwas: Cound, and Ate ah aT Hak Pp poems L. On the banks of the Severn near Buildwa Willey; Hencott and Almond pools; River Tern at Attingham. I mulls L. Hencott pool. Pool near Berwick Hall, Berrington, and Bomere pools. Sparganium simplec, Huds. Acton Burnell park; near Eaton Constantine, Eyton-on-the-Wealdmoors, and Blackmer e Mere. . minimum, Fries. Pool near Eaton Constantine. Acorus Calamus, L. Pools at Tong, near Shifnal. Lemna eer L. Pools near Eaton Constantine and Ber- rington. In Ellesmere and Whitemere Meres. ecm Scapa Schrad. In the Shropshire Union Canal, between Blackmere and Colemere Meres. af Prete i Scbreb, Frequent in Berrington Pool. P. perfoliatus, L. desert in the Shropshire Union Canal and Betton Pool, near Berrin P. crispus, L. Pool near eae Mill. Pool near Buildwas Abbey. P. pusillus, L. Shropshire Union Canal, near Bettisfield. P. pectinatus, L. Shropshire Union Canal, near Upton Magna, and Hyton-on-the-Wealdmoors abundant. Pools near Smethcott, Wroxeter Triglochin palustre, L. Near Eaton Constantine, Belswardyne Hall, Leighton, rn Hill, Charlton Hill; Ellesmere, Colemere, and Whitemere Mer Sagittaria aaa. L. In the Shropshire Union Canal near Upton Magna, and Uffington; in Sundorne Pool, Tern River, and ditches on the We aldmoors near Kyton. Alisma ranunculoides, I, Berrington Pool, Ellesmere and oe Meres. - natans, Li. In 1880 I found this species abundant in ‘the shivpehins Union Canal, near Colemere Mere, and Upton Magna. es Se obtained specimens from Ellesmere, Whitemere, and Newton eres, Butomus umbellatus, i. Inthe Severn, near Leighton ; 2 Burnell Park; the pool at Sundorne, and canal at Uffingt Hydrocharis Morsus.- vane, L. Abundant in ditches et the Wealdmoors, near Eyton NOTES ON SHROPSHIRE PLANTS. 147 Elodea canadensis, Rich. Abundant in the Shropshire Union Canal, the Ellesmere Meres, and pools near Berrington, Acton urnell, Leighton, Eaton Constantine, and Wroxeter. Duri g = last few years this plant has spread most remarkably through many parts of Shropshire; fragment of it must, I think, be tran- sported by wildfowl, as it often occurs in Beongey pools entirely fed by springs, and unconnected with any stre Orchis pyramidalis, L. Very Sarnenh: ison Much Wenlock, Buildwas, and the Arkoll Hill. 0. ‘Moric. L. Frequent near nines, Leighton, Eaton Con- stantine, Wroxeter, Harley, and O. incarnata, L. In the summer aN: 1880 Mr. W. — and I found this Orehis i in an open wood near rer Mer Gymnadenia conopsea, R. Br. Near Spout Lane, Telehiton, and in Farley Dingle. Mr. R. M. Banpeniton has also gathered it near Church Preen. Habenaria viridis, R. Br. Fields at Longwood; Eaton Con- stantine ; and Spout Lane, Leighton H. chlor antha, Bab. Woods near Muc h Wenlock, Farley, lea Leighton, the Arkoll Hill, Cound, Craven Ams, and hi Ophrys npileré: Huds. Fields round Much Wenlock, in Farley Dingls (where it grows in open places in woods), and between ores and Little Wenlock. ptranthes autumnalis, Rich. Fields on Charlton Hill; near Lite Wenlock, and at the base of Tentree Listera ovata, R. Br. Damp woods and in fields about the base of the Wrekin, and round the Arkoll Hill; near Little bie — Buildwas, Much Wenlock, Eaton Constantine, and Ellesm Epipactis latifolia, All. Woods near the Wrekin, Candies, Bomere, Sundorne, and Ludlow Ze Cound, ‘and on Cou we Mote N. poeticus, L. Quite naturalised in a field near Cound Lane, where it has grown for forty years at lea Siac at ited L. Woods near Cound, Leighton, and Cole- mere Mer alg communis, L. Hedges very frequent. Paris trl lia, L. Woods in Sgr) Dingle, wet boggy wood ns, 8m. A variety with white flowers is frequent in Acton Bukrell i Park, and about the Wrekin. Allium vineale, L. Near Acton Pigott. The ire compactum grows in two places near Berrin gton, and near Leig i A, -oeraceun, L. By the road leading from ato! to Cound 148 NOTES ON SHROPSHIRE PLANTS. A, U L. By streams flowing from the hil ie by Cound ce ear ces, often growing in large mass Narthecium Ossifragum, Huds. Shomere Moss, near ag Pool, Whixall Moss, Welshampton Moss Colchicum autumnale, L. Fields near Bri dgnorth, Much Wen- lock, Craven Arms, Buildwas, Harley, Acton Pigott, Shineton, Berrington, ‘Little Wenlock, and Charlton Hill. Luzula sylvatica, Bich. oo near Ironbridge, Coalbrook- ale, and Ludlow, most abun Tuncus obtusiflorus, Ebrh. cecal banks near Berwick Wharf. Rhynchospora alba, Vahl. Shomere Moss, Whixall and Welsh- ampton Mosses. Blysmus compressus, Panz. Mr. R. M. Sergeantson obtained specimens sacs Church Preen in 1 Scirpus acicularis, L. Sides of Ellesmere Mer . palus . bar ‘Abundant in pools on the Pongivoie near Church Stretton. S. setaceus, L. Mr. B. M. Sergeantson has found specimens near Acton Burnell, _ a is very frequent round the base of the Wrekin, and near r Elles S. lacustris, L. Teett Pave: pools in Willey and a Bur- . nell Parks, Almond Pool, Colemere and Whitemere Me S. sylvaticus, L. By Tern peta round Sundorne Book and in riophorum vaginatum, Li. Ver y abundant on Whixall re I have also found it near Welshampton, Berrington, and o Bomere Poo E. sito, Sarge Roth. Whixall Moss, very abundant; bogs near Bomere Pool, Berrington, Leighton, and Tentree Hil Jarea pura »L. Bog at the sentient base of the Wrekin ; boggy ground on the Longmynds, and near Ellesmere Mere. C. paniculata, L, Near Tong; Fenn’s Bank, Whitchurch; and Colemere Mere. C. vulpina, L. Frequent in ditches and wet places, especially near Leighton, Tronbridge, sabe Uckington, Cound, Ber- rington, Acton Burnell, and Elles C. muricata, L. Dry banks Reiienk especially about Eaton Constantine, Berrington, Cound, and Ellesmere C. stellulata, Good. Near Garmston Leighton ; Berrington, arene and on the Longmynds, frequent. , L. Frequent near Leighton; the White Ladies, Shifnal : aa ‘Wrekin, Spree and Elles , elongata, Pie 1880 I found sal a of this species near ‘Whitemere Mere, some of which I forwarded to Professor Oliver, ba most kindly identified them C. cu ood. Near the Cambrian Railway on Whixall Moss. Vicccat a on Welshampton Mo . ovalis, Good. Fr Sri near Eaton Constantine, eh te the —, gan a Belswardyne, Buildwas, and Sun C. . Frequent about the reservoir oeke atsey ‘Cok cena Bomere Pool, and Ellesmere. NOTES ON SHROPSHIRE PLANTS. 149 C. glauca, Scop. Wet fields, very common. In 1880 Mr. R. M. Sergeantson showed me specimens nearly aie: feet high, — Sin Sherrer identified by Mr. Carruther ns, L. Bogs at the south-west base “of the Wrekin ; below Chariton ‘Hill, and near vie ae n Mi pendula, Huds. Fr requent near Le ighton n and Buildwas. I Giaips ities found it near Shineton, Coaltvooklalet frorbilags” and oalport. See yeatia, Huds. Frequent near Buildwas, Leighton, the Wreki , Eaton Constantine, and Acton Burnell. biner mes oS _ Mr. R. M. Sergeantson sent me gig ot this from near the Caradoc ‘Hill, and the Longmynds, in C. fulva, Good. Bog at the south- west base of the Weckia : equent. C. filiformis, L. By Berrington Pool, and Colemere Mer C. hirta, L. Very frequent in wet boggy places in fields : one of the most common Carices in Shro e. C. Pseudocyperus,L. By the side of the Shropshire Union Canal; and about Ellesmere and Colemere One Ma frequent ; it also Willey ; and Smethcott, Wro C. rostrata, Stokes (< ‘inp, oii Near ee red mere, Colemere, and Whi e Meres; Cound, and Berrin C. vesicaria, L. Pools "eke Babnngeon: " Oound, Leighton, sol a Phragmites anise: Trin. Abundant by. Almond and Hencott Pools, and by Colemere and Croesmere Mer Milium effusum, L. Woods near Buildwas, and about the Arkoll Hill. Melica uniflora, Retz. Very frequent near Leighton. Near Sundorne Castle. Glyceria fluitans, R. Br. Very common in the neighbourhood of Ellesmere, and —s no banks of the Shropshire Union Canal. G. aquatica, Sm. By t Hts below Buildwas Bridge; by the Tern; near Upton Magna: - near Uffington, Eyton- -on-the Wealdmoors, and Colemere Mere I am indebted to Colonel Gack Director of the Ordnance Survey, for the following — and areas of mountains and meres in Shropshire :—Feet t above mean level of the sea at iv al Brown Clee Hill, 1788; Titterstone Clee, 1754; Long- mynds, 1342; Wrekin, 134 cr re Mere, 115; Colemere Mere, 71; Whitemere —— 64; Croesmere Mere, 38; Newton Mere, 21; Blackmere Mere, 2! ee es 150 ON A NEW CHINESE SENECIO. By Henry Frietcuer Hance, Pu.D., F.L.S., ere. Tue enormous extent of the genus Senecio, which now com- arke,* the latter by my friend M. Maximowicz,t and by Messrs. Franchet and Savatier.t The plant of which I second Kashmir species, which usually has a similar pappus, but, according to Maximowicz,** it i epappose. There 1s an Indian species, Senecio belgaumensis, agreeing with our plant in the entire want of pappus, which Mr. Clarke places under a separate section, Madacarpus, but I do not think * Composite indice, 177 sqq. + Mél. biolog. Acad. St. Pétersb. viii, 19 8q., ix. 292 sqq. { Enum. pl. Japon. i. 246 sqq.- § Sieb. & Zuce. Fl. Jap. tt. 35, 36, || The Carpathian plant is considered distinct from the Polish one by Schott, Bane & Kotschy (Analecta bot. 5.) ‘Young Japan’ in western science, of which a second face and a separate English index, was published in 1874. In this edition the Latin generic and specific names are printed on each plate, $} Gen. plant. ii. 449, SHORT NOTES. 151 the solitary character justifies such a course,* and from Wight’s ses + and both his and Mr. Clarke's remarks, ou is evidently much ore like the true Doronica in habit, whilst the Chinese species } t ink peculiarity alone into consideration, they would come together. ov“ SENECIO PHALACROCARPUS, sp. nov.—Totus plus minus araneoso- tomentosus, rhizomate descendente fibras erassiusculas undique edente bulbillosque subrotundos pullulante, caule erecto robusto fistuloso ramoso 14-2 pedali plurisuleato purpurascente, foliis sub- rotundo-cordatis vel reniformibus angulatis calloso- dentioulatis supra viridibus pilosis subtus candido-araneosis pedatine radi- calibus longe caulinis mediocriter summis breviter patialatin potiotis profunde canaliculatis basi dilatatis, corymbis caulem ramosque terminantibus subramosis fastigiatis 5-10 baphali sede longe Soe basi ebracteolatis campanulatis diam 14 polli- aribus, involueri packet 13 evict lanceolatis ni 3-nerviis margin e hyalinis 8 lin. longis demum reflexis, receptaculo hemi- spherico fimbrillis brevibus ex pensar set delapsorum cicatricibus 2 itisxss, ligulis 18 oblongis flavis apice 3-dentatis 6 lin. longis 1 lin. latis, florum radii sate — mies campanulate circiter requilongo, "antheris ecaudat s, achenio ongo fusco obtuse 10-striato glandulis brevibus oblongis alin obsito, pappo tam floseulorum disci quam radii omnino nullo! . Lien-chan, prov. Cantonensis, m. Januario 1879, co oll. Rev. E. Faber, societatis ehaasl inisebiuapias (Herb. propr. n, 20924.) SHORT NOTES. maa respectively on Vinerdon Dow Cornwall; a Liar ough Down, 8. Devon. Having compared them with Mr. Ridley’s Geaecintion and the accompanying plate, I find, with a considerable amount of general resemblance, the remarkably long glumes as in the variety. The Plymouth plants, however, I regar for with their peculiar features I have always found aborted i ad in its place a fungus, to the presence of whic I ciclo all the differences between them and typical pilulifera are e. I have no doubt they constitute the Carex Bastardiana, DO., described by Roreau in his ‘ Flore du Centre de la France,’ under * Cfr. Messrs. Franchet & penne oe dap. i on the pigeon of the pappus in — fips a of Composite. (Enu Jap. ii n. pl. Ind, or, iti. 1152, 152 SHORT NOTES. C. pilulifera, thus: ‘Obs. Le C. Bastardiana, DC., parait n’étre u’une déformation 4 écailles plus grandes, longuement acuminées et a fruits et étamines souvent remplacées par un Uredo” (p. 672, If Dr. Arnold Lees’s Yorkshire specimens of the variety are quite free from disease, it is remarkable that in the neighbour- hood of Plymouth disease in certain examples of C. pilulifera should lead to the production in them of points of agreement with that variety.—-T. R. Arcuer Brices. . Briggs has sent the specimens referred to in his note to the British Museum Herbarium, where I have had an opportunity of examining them. cannot, however, perceive any very great resemblance between them and (. pilulifera, var. Leesii; the lower ract, so remarkable in that variety, is in Mr. Briggs’s specimens the following is a copy :—‘ Bottisham Fen, opposite to the Knave in th generally assigned to it. Prof. Babington says, ‘ Near Stretham Moor Park popularly supposed to have been pollarded by Anne, Duchess of Monmouth, after the execution of her husband, were all Quercus pedunculata, Ehrh. Q. sessiliflora, Salisb., has been recorded in the ‘Flora Hertfordiensis’ from several localities, among others the “ woods by Pinner Lane;” and the late Rev. W. - Coleman, more than thirty years back, was at considerable pains to discriminate the two Hertfordshire forms, and would appear to have exhibited illustrative examples, with accompanying notes, at a meeting of the Hertford Horticultural Society in the autumn of 1842. I have, however, examined Mr. Coleman’s original speci- = B ——__- _- acca ane eee A S, (This note and the following had been prepared by Mr. Pryor for this Journal, and were found among his paperi.—Ep. J Se ot] sae SHORT NOTES. 158 Don, of which Martyn’s figure (Flora Rustica, t. 11) is an hapa si representation. It is probable, sacha aoe the Durm : She circa Newbery ene e Bay-Oak, id est, Lauro-quercus i a description that accords i well with the tree of Don. The whole question is worthy of careful examination; the timber, which soci to be very different in the true Durmast, and the position and arrangement of the buds, a point on which con- siderable stress has been laid by Girsted (Apereu sur la classification des Chénes), may help to throw some light on a subject on which = botanists and practical foresters are as yet very far from coming to an agreemen nt.—R. A. Pryor. Karty Nortce or rar Ivrropuction or Szeps into ENGLaNnp with Foreign Woon.—The following quotation is extracted from the ‘ Observations in Husbandry’ of Mr. Edward Lisle, of Crux- there is much that is suggestive in his remarks. I do not know . whether the Medicago ‘etna has held its ground in Wiltshire ; - but Mr. Lisle’s statement is sufficient to show that the introduction of foreign seeds in imported wool has by no means been an occur- rence of only recent date :—‘‘ Mr. Holyday, a agra clothier in Wiltshire, was giving me an account, in the year 1707, that the Spanish wool always troubled with Suse! a ground to STeTve it, whieh brought forth a each sort of grass, that had lasted ever since, it being many years ago. It was, he said, a three-leaved grass, and brought forth yellow flowers, and abundane of burrs, with seeds in them. I found this to be one of not be a very sweet seed to breed e wool. seems to me i the leaf to taste sweeter than hop-clover a ay oe o see this ee and sound it to be ey cote medic tr at ha all 154 EXTRACTS AND NOTICES. been coarser for thirty years last past than formerly, which may be occasioned by their reais these camer ”’_JLisle’s ‘ Observa- tions in Sais: p. 2938.—R. A. Pry Devetorment or Heat in Frowers or Payrenepnas. — It has lon ng been an admitted fac ¢ that many plants at their pee of flowering exhibit appreciable oe of temperature: Lamar rather more than a century ago, was, I believe, the first to ra the phenomenon. As the few He 1 have had the time or oppor- tunity of thus far consulting contain no mention of the behaviour of the Ivory Palm (Phytelephas macrocarpa), I now write to put briefly on record two or three observations ene that plant. A fine example (female) was recently in flower in the House No. 1 Kew. pril 20th, at 1 p.m., Eioaare of this house was 68° ial the bulb of the iormioueter, which had been suspe — for some time near the plant in question, was placed in e cre bo ‘al er e ae) — i = Me e. owt Ur] et °o 2 m Rm E ra>) | 2 o Oh pas co = 5 oO B =) B =) — ec : uo) a) Lag 2 =| oO of a plant like the Phytelephas, with such a large surface for =tsog ane &c., is considerably lower than that of the surrounding in any case the actual increase in temperature is remarkable. ike of the inflor esence, eed rose to the same height as that reached the preceding day, viz., 92°. As the drawn-out end of the bulb prevented it from sails touching the convex ovaries, @ small incision was made in one of these, and the thermometer then rose to 94°. Within the last week Philodendron sagittifolium, with - anthers nearly ready to dehisce, showed a rise from 69° to 81°, P. eximium, at a time when by sun Apa the house had risen . 82°, exhibited a further increase of 10°. Carludovica —_ rose ates 78° to 90°, but this last was certainl n good condition, for the long barren stamens had already changed from creamy- -white to cinnamon colour, and the spathe had commenced to decompose, although not three hours had elapsed since the flowers had opened.—Grorcr Nicnoxson. Extracts and Notices of Books and Atemoirs. THE FLORA OF COLONSAY AND ORANSAY. [Iv the last part (vol. xiv., part 1) of the ‘ Transactions of the Botanical Society of Edin nburgh’ is an interesting paper by Mr. Chae Grieve on the Flora of prs islands of the Lower ebrides. The islands seem not ave been previously examined botanically, the only record at plants from them being that in Lightfoot’s ‘Flora Scotiea,’ in which ten species are included, We extract the enumeration of species, referring our EXTRACTS AND NOTICES. 155 readers for Mr. Grieve’s introductory remarks to the paper itself. Those marked 24 banks on shore of Kiloran Bay. “geo Flammula. Com- mo R. acris. . repens. Caltha palustris. Nymphea alba. Lo Papaver ein ne. field, Scallasai Sinapis arvensis. Cardamine pratensis. ch F Shot Viola sylvatica, var. _Riviniana di Said ane essa. Silene maritima. On cliffs near Scallasaig and ruins Oran- ay. Lychnis diurna. L. Flos-cuculi. Cerastium tetrandrum. rocum ‘ Spatrila arvensis. Hypericum ngeupen's H. humifusu H. p ulchrum Mile sylvestria, var. Under cliffs near ruins, I. pieces Linum sens hago? Com apparently wild. L. nats On quay at Scallasa *Geranium syivadinicea) - pratense. G. mo G. Robertianum. Erodium cicutarium. Oxalis Acetosella. with an asterisk are new to vice-county 102 (Ebudes South) of ‘ Topographical Botany. "—Ep. Journ. Bor.] Ulex —— Kiloran and Kilchut Anthyllis Valera 1a. Medicago lupulin Trifolium Fe Lotus corniculatus. ee Roe um. lated pratensis. Alchemilla arvensis. A. vulgaris. Potentilla Tormentilla. nserina Comarum paluste, Loch Fada. Fragaria vesca Geum rivale. Rosa spinosissima. Near Scal- asaig. R. tomentosa. Pyrus Aucuparia Binet cones. Near Scal- +Epilobinm obscurum *Myriop sie alternifolium. och Sedum Rhodiola. Cliff west of 8. anglieun m. Com S.acre. Not sett, but found near Scallasaig, and on Oransay. Chr souls oppositifolium. ede rocotyle vulgaris. Near och Fada. sSanionls europea. Petroselinum sativum. Oenanthe ghee Ligusticum scoti — sles “Near Scal- Hanesan Sphondylium. Daucus Car eg Hedera Heli Lonicera Perielymenum. ora Galium ule G. saxatile. Near 156 EXTRACTS AND NOTICES. . Aparine. Sherardia arvensis. Near Scal- asaig. *Valerianella olitoria. Near callasaig. *Scabiosa arvensis it ae lanceolatus. Centaurea nigra. Chiysanthemm By as C. Leucanthem Matricaria anton Achillea age aes es Cyr pese pg: Rocks on o ‘Sella officinale. ampanula ire ia Viscinidin Myrtillus AsGiostaghiylos Ute -ursi, Com- mon. Erica Tetralix. Menyanthes trifoliata, Digitalis purpur *Veronica heder ifolia. dr Euphrasia officinalis. 4 glean Fenian P. sylva Rian Crista-galli. Melam es atense. Menthe hirsut M. arvensis. Thymus Serpyllum. Prunella vulgaris. mium peyeom. Ajuga re eat Recetas. eee napnii Anchusa arvensis. t ens. Juniperus communis. Common. Potamogeton polygonifolius.t Orchis pyramidalis. Kiloran Bay. H. bifolia. erhint cordata. L. ovata. en Pseudacoras. Near Scalla- saig, ¢ *Scilla verna. the coast. S. nutans. Narthecium en Luzula sylva © Common near Schcenus nigricans. *Scirpus lacustri Eriophorum ieiatibolaa: Carex stellulata. C Meda C. bine 7. rec var. lepidocarpa. + [Veronica montana, Myosotis ; palustris, and Potamogeton lucens are giv by Mr. Grieve in his prelimi Inary enumerat: but they do not appear in the body of the list—Ep. Journ. Bor ion of species new to the vice- pit ce EXTRACTS AND NOTICES. Alopecurus geniculatus. Glyceria fluitans. tus Dactylis glomerata. Bra ith Rrra sylvaticum. Nardus str Hyiienophyiis unilaterale. Pteris aquilina. Lomaria Spicant Lanne Trichomanes. A. marinum. A. Adia ntum-nigrum. ap bale Filix-foemina. Scolopendrium vulgare. Cystopteris rman idium aculea A. aculeatum, var. Lhe um. Polypodium vulgare. Osmunda regalis. Laue selaginoides. gio sytati um, Spbagntin acutifolium, Dill. Scallasaig. S. cymbifolium. Near Loch Fada. Weissia viridula (controversa), He dw flexuosus, Leucobryum glaucum, Hampe ommon. Barbula muralis, Hedw. Racomitrium heterostichum, Brid. R. lanugino R. padccceaa var. ericoides. 157 iio agi polyphyllum, Ulota _ crispa (Orthotrichum), Mohr. 0 _ Bartramia Litem pa Hedw. ear asal Philonotis fontan, Brid. Near Loc Brentelia sreicata Schpr. Near Loch Bryum ceespiticium, Dill. B. capillare B. pseudo- eicacian: roseum. On bank at side of road between Scallasaig and spies Mnium hornum, L. Aulagomion galeiutes Schwg. da. r Loch Fa Polytrichum aiteran, uniperinum. Fissidens adiantoides, Hedw. ar Loch Fada. Pterygophyllum lucens, Brid. Near Loch F Thuidium tamariscinum, Schpr. Dieciai dendroides, Brid. Isothecium m m, Brid. Homalothecium sericeum, Schpr. pg Soeteaee rutabulum, Burliyneiuan striatulum, Schpr. EK. prelongum EK. e “Walls of the new cave, Kiloran Bay. peck aie rusciforme, Plagiothesiom denticulatum, Schpr. P. undulatum id. Hypnum commutatum, Dill. rme. H. i eet Schpr. ah: vi H. loreum. i. triqnet um. 158 EXTRACTS AND NOTICES. Les Characées Génevoises. By Dr. J. Miituer (Mull. Arg.) at the end of the description. The naming of forms of the common species of Chara is carried to excess, thirty-two varieties of previously described varieties should be given as new. H. & J. G. Tux ‘ Transactions of the Hertfordshire Natural History Society’ for December last contains a paper Rey. G. Henslow on the ‘Homology and Analogy of Plant Organs.’ It is a compre- hensive summary of numerous and varied observations; but, as it appears to us, is somewhat out of place in the Transactions of a local Tux ‘Transactions of the Epping Forest and County of Essex Naturalists’ Field Club,’ issued last December, contains papers on ‘The Preservation of Plants with their natural colours,’ by James slish ; and a ‘No n abnormal form of Cardamine pra- tensis,, by John Gibbs: the latter monstrosity is one so well known that it hardly deserves special prominence. _ Dr. Brarruwarre is pushing forward his ‘ British Moss-Flora ’ with commendable energy; the fourth part, containing the [isst- dentacea, with three plates of characteristic excellence and accom- panying text, is now before us, containing also a useful glossary of the terms employed in the book. This completes the first section of the work; and subscriptions for the second section (to comprise the Leucobryacee and Dicranacee) are invited. There must be _Fissidens rufulus, a species (from Westmoreland) new to the British moss-flora. EXTRACTS AND NOTICES. 159 to thd’ anonymous determination of such re as Thalictrum Kochii, which, we believe, has not been satisfactorily shown to be a native of Britain. We have now three bo ae colaaan pcr ‘ and we cannot refrai n from once more expressing our conviction that the cause of science would be furthered by the am bee arnt of these into one organisation, more especially as we find that some ate already belong to more than one, if not to the me of Booxs.—B. D. pee ‘Guide to the Literature of Dalen: 81s. 6d.)—Cu. Contesman, ‘ Géo graphie Botanique’ (Pa Bailar) —P. Brousss, ‘ L’ Btu de des Fruits’ (Montpellier, melin),——I. Léw, ‘ Aramaeische Pflanzennamen’ (Leipzig). ArticLes In JournaLs.—Marcu. Annales des Sciences Naturelles (Botanique, Ser. v t. x.n. 5).— B. Bescherelle, ‘ Florule Bryologique de la Réunion’ "(Conta ) Botanische Zeitung.—H. Oe ‘Cultural Experiments upon Variation’ ; eae Giltay, ‘On the Collenchyma.’—E. ; th > merican S Deas as’ 4 tab. L. Greene, eh new Asclepias (A. pinifolia) from Arizona. *__(March) E. L. Greene, ‘Emendation of ondlera.’—J. B. Ellis and W. H. Harkness, ‘New North American Fungi.’ ‘The Herbaria and Botanical Libraries of the United States’ (contd. )—W. R. Gerard, ‘ Hcidium Rusbyi, n. 8 ee w Mexico). ot er’s] Botanical Gazette—J. C. Arthur, ‘ aeapre of Kohinocystis lobata’ (1 tab. )— __. L. Greene, ‘New Plan sof New M Arizona’ (Talinum humile, Linwm igs en a Bigelovia rupestris, B. juncea, ect carneum, Tuphorbia pete Tradescantia tuberosa, spp. nn.) — W. Chickering, ‘ Rudbec rupestris, n. sp.’ ‘ Flora of fiians (contd.) Flora.—(Feb.) C. Kraus, * Researches on the course of the sap.’ —G. Limpricht, ‘On Gymnomitriumn adustum.—O. Boe es ‘Critical Remarks on Wright’s Cuban Cyperacee. J, Miller, ‘ Lichenological Contributions,’ no. xii. Grevillea.—M. C. Cooke and W. H. Harkness, ‘ Californian Fungi’ (contd.: Harknessia, gen Nov. )—M. C. Co oke, ‘Notes on Fane Desmids.’—Id., ‘ On Thelephor a Lycii.’—Id., ‘Some Exotic i”—Id., ‘ New British Fungi. —‘ Id. and J. B. Ellis, ‘ New thea 2 i ‘the advanced age of eighty-sey 160 BOTANICAL NEWS. Jersey Fungi.’—Id. and W. Phillips, ‘ Reliquie Libertiane.’—C. Kalchbrenner, ‘ Fungi Macowaniani.’ Hedwigia.—K. Rehm Uieaensisatoat fase. x1i.—-R. Wollny, ‘On the fructification of Chatopteri is plumosa,’ Journal of Quekett Microscopical Club.— Desmids new to Britain in 1880.’ Midland Naturalist.—J. Ei. Bagnall, ‘ Flora of Warwickshire’ (contd.) Cisterr. Bot. Zeitschrift.—H. Wawra, ‘New Plants’ (Swain- sonia Murrayana, Scutellaria mussooriensis, Hyptis ltatiaia, Hedeoma Itatiaia, Palicourea brasiliensis, Coceocypselum Peele he spp. nn. ardagna, ‘ Flora of Trentino.’—E, Flek, ‘ Crocus vernus in the dig: athians. —M. Gandoger, ‘Pugillas Fiksleren novarum ’ (forms of Aigilops muy and (taudinia fragilis)—P. G. Strobl, : Flora of Etna’ (con Botanical News. me, Li J. KK. E, of New Providence, Bahamas, has been appointed to ne Curators of the Herbarium of the Royal Botanic ardens, Caleu Dr. §. sor, has been appointed Professor at the University of Upsala Mr. aw Lers has offered the MS. of his sae Riding Flora to the Yorkshire Naturalists’ Union for publicatio Jacos Bout, the author of a small work on ae Flora of Brem- garten, Switzerland (1869), died on the 29th September, 1880, in Texas, whence he had twice sent collections of mosses and lichens. He was born in 1828 A conLEction of mosses and lichens made by hate Warner, the author of ‘ Plante Woodfordienses,’ has bee n presented to the Epping Forest and County of Essex Naturalists’ Field Club. death is recently RnROmgeS of Joun Francis Druas, at was a native of Altona, in Prussia, and in 1826 soa his extensive botanical investi- gations in South Africa. These lasted for eight years, during 1g ¢ mentariorum de plantis Afric Aus- tralioris,’ a his friend Ernest Meyer Oe eee in 1835—1837), among them the genus Dreyea, with the graceful neg RE ** Amico cui tantas Flore divitias exquisitissimas debemus, dicat spero fore, ut et duret et accrescat.” er 161 Original Articles. NOTE ON CAREX FLAVA, L. By F. Townsenp, M.A., F.L.S. “Carex flava var. argillacea, MS. Parkhurst Forest, Isle of Wight.’’—I contributed specimens, thus labelled, to the Botanical Exchange Club last year, and they are noticed i in the pres as ‘a luxuriant form of C. lepidocarpa, Tausch.” The plant is certainly C. lepidocarpa of Syme, Eng. Bot. Ed. IIT., but it is not C. lepidocarpa of Tausch, the original desecriber of that supposed species, and though, = a sense, it may be con- venient, yet I think it incorrect to ly Tausch’s name to a plant with characters so opposite to xe: given by him for his UC. lepidocarpa. What is C. lepidocarpa, Tausch ? Let the author of the species speak for himself. He supposed that sie distinct species were confounded under the name C. flava, L., in the ‘ Allgemeine botanische Zeitung,’ No 12, p. 179 Roglnsbally 1884), he described both as follows :— Bei Oi Sear pests Spica g solitaria longe exserta, @ 2, 8 remotis ovatis, infima pedunculata bractea lineari — elongata imbricatis, culmo subfiliformi scabro.” ei Host, germ. — 1 t. 68 (pl. florifera).” 6. C. flava. an 3 solitaria subsessili, 9 2, 8 subconfertis ovatis, infima pedunculata bractea foliacea elongata vaginante suffulta, stigmatibus 8, fructibus inflatis tumidis ovatis nervosis ar. C. p. 269). C. flava and C. lepidocarpa grow in intermingled, and are easily distinguished from one another, both in flower and in fruit ; therefi es I have myself always recognised them as distinct species.’ 2 The conser: figured by Host, and referred to by Tausch asrepre- senting his C. lepidocarpa, is 154 inches in height from the collar ‘a the root to the apex of the male spike; the leaves are somew what narrow and not half the length of the stem, the latter is rather SR Te Ns eee emmeet nae Snare ae * The ae is translated from the German. ‘Tausch could not have known . Ederi; he ariesesig Gh a for that ig oe - included in it, a dwarf fo rm flava, W which botanists now usually 1 C. lepidocarpa in herbaria. Billot distributed a ig) Ederi similarly deat fora of C. flava, ve seen them labelled c. sicoshy by continental botanists: instances occur in the British Museum Her N.s. von. 10. [duNE, 1881 ] ¥ fe NOTE ON CAREX FLAVA. slender; the bracts are reflexed, the lower one exceeding the long- stalked male s ike; the two female spikes are distant and oval- lengthened description of C. lepidocarpa, Tausch, wi H. 57, No. 8),in Sturm’s ‘ Deatechland’s Flora.’ He describes the sighs as fier the — of the stem, and as narrower than those 1838 Bluff and Fingerhut give a description ‘wick is ane ane: for word that of Tausch, and add ‘‘ Cr ap iisdem in locis, ubi C. flava et in ejus consortio . . C. proxime affinis, distinctam esse ferunt: culmo tenuiore snanlans longiore; foliis pip orca spica $ longius pedunculata, ee n- sc. spicam ? fructiferam longe superante ; spica ¢ ima exserte- un t hance, q yp forte nonnisi forme sint, ut ine ecice begs obear ane characterum differentialium pretium satius statuatur).” Bluff and Fing., pp. 648-9. To recapitulate, it will be seen that Bl. & Fing. distinctly state that Tausch’s plant is taller than C. flava, and that the stem is scabrous. hg and also Bluff and Fingerhut, state that the leaves W ause é fruit is reflexed. He says nothing about the size of the fruit, but under C. flava he states that the latter varies with large or small fruit. Now the Parkhurst Forest Carex has very broad leaves, as long as or even longer than the stem, a short sessile male spike, short and rai straight Sees ccapecr so opposed to those in the ge of the pe ad of the male spike, and in the fenath of the spike itself; in the number, position, and form of the female spikes, oe being crowded or more or less distant, oval, ovate, or obl orm; in the size of the fruit, in the narrowing at its base, in the length and direction of the beak, this being more or less ae ra and even sometimes straight. swell’s 6 Sederiphion n of C. flava as an aggregate is an ex- om continental botanists or with my own observations, and in con- formity with these I would describe the varieties proper thus * Notably in the upland boggy pastures of the Jura. A REVISION OF THE INDIAN SPECIES OF LEEA. 163 Var. a genuina.—Leaves shorter than the stem, male spike nearly or pean sessile, female spikes contiguous, lowest bract much exceed- g the male spike; fruit considerably narrowed towards the base, 4 gradually narrowing above into a much deflexed beak, which is as nk as the rest of the fruit. C. yi gen co Tausch.—Stem scabrous ; a narrow, aber: than the stem; male spike long-stalked, female spikes distant, ovate; Lae crowded, ncbatbistine: beak long, strongly deflexed. A rare and local form. Var. y minor.—Stem shorter than in var. a; leaves commonly as long as or even longer than the stem, male spike usually stalked, ae spikes usually distant; fruit stnaller. suborbicular, more . suddenly contracted into a less deflexed or straight beak, which is shorter than the rest of the fruit. This is the common British fe Var. ) argillacea.—Leaves broad, as a as or longer than the stem; male spike short sessile, female spikes contiguous; fruit suborbicular, beak short, straight. On clay soil. This var. Ihave observed to flower ha! in the year. In the case of so variable a species as C. flava, where the varieties ‘‘shade so ininaesoutsbly inte’ one another ‘that it is hich e awn between a question whether it be not advisable to a ag” from givin varietal names. The last quotation is from Boswell’s con- cluding remarks on this species, and I can fully pa them. A REVISION OF THE INDIAN SPECIES OF LEEA. By ©. B. Cranks, M.A., F.L.S8. (Concluded from p. 142.) Sect. 7. Hquarm. Leaves 2-8-pinnate, hairy sige mary nerves nats wry close and parallel as in Sect. Auserecd Ties and shrubs. quata, Linn. Mant. 124; leaflets lanceolate beneath, 9-4 in. di a with tains and scattered flat circular dises, corymbs in. ee stout hairy, bracts deciduous ia or ges vg SGT —Miq. in i Mus. Lugd. Bat. i. 98; Kurz i aig 44, il. ag, as For. Fl. i. 281.—L. hirta, Ee gS .& 287: Ind. ed. Wall. ii. 469; Blume, Bijd. 197 ; Wall. List, 6822; Decne. in Ann. Mus. d’Hist. Nat. iii. 446; Mig. in . Bat. 1. pt. u 612; Laws. in Fl. Brit. Ind. i. 668. —L, larsuta, Blume, Bijd. 197; Mi Fl. Ind. Bat. i. pt. ii. 612. stale Sikkim and Bhotan to Tenasserim, alt. 0-8000 feet; common erage wr Bengal Plain.—Distrib. Malaya. A shrub, 4-10 feet, branchlets villous. Leaflets 7 by 1} in acuminate, sirika at the base, hairy on the upper surface at least when young, primary nerves 12-15 on each side the midrib, } in. 164 A REVISION OF THE INDIAN SPECIES OF LEEA. apart; denticulations of the margin shallow irregular ; ; secondary nerves esi distinct ; reves often $in. Berry } in. diam k; pyrenes 6-3.—In Linneus’ Herbarium the single sheet of 2 aquata sealécun one piece vy the true mrmera with a fragment of L. sambucina, LL. equata is rarely mistaken, as nie A —— has the ms glandular discs which are a on no other . L. rosusta, Roxb. Hort. Beng. 18, Fl me rm Wall. i 468. Si adets broadly lanceolate ee on the nerves beneuth without flat glandular discs, corymbs 6-12 in. lax with many thin branches puberulo-pubescent, bracts deciduous early or incon- spicuous. pater List, 6826; W. & A. Prodr. 182; Kurz in shail s. Soc. 44, ii. 178, 180, For. Fl. i. 279, not of Laws.—L. aspen Wall. List, 6835, not of Edgw.—L. diffusa, Laws. in Fl. Brit. Tad { i. Bengal, Burma, Tenasserim, scattered widely in the lower hills, alt. 500-2500 ae pypee abundant. Nepal, Wallich; Sikkim, ~€T., C. B. Clarke ; Mudhopoor sane (East Batgal Plain), "O. B. Clarke ; Cirears, fide Roxburgh ; Chot agpore (in Singhbhoom), C. B. Clarke; Meera Donger (near Bombay ?), Dalzell Tenasserim or Andamans, Helfer, Kew Distrib. n. 1294, 1295. Peou and Tenasserim, frequent, fide Kurz. ails when yo ung. Berry steely black, pyrenes 6-4.—There can be no question that Kurz and King have got Roxburgh’s L. robusta, ~~ that Lawson has not, as Roxburgh’s Ic. ined. of his robusta is 27. L. sracrnata, Herb. Kew.—Leaflets large — or stiving lanceolate shortly caudate Somer on the s bene corymbs 4-6 in. dense, s 3-1} in. ovate and Ienpeolate a persistent, ripe aie rries fon Pai yellow.—L. robusta, Laws. in F Bees Ind, i. 667, in chief, excluding all syn.; not of "Roxb., nor of Sikkim and Khasia, alt. 500-4000 feet, very common, Grins Hi. f. € T., Dr. Treutler, C. B. Clarke; Oudh Terai, Col. Thompson. with no other species except L. a Bars, which is : lentif a species should have escaped Wallich ind’ all cm olde er collectors, until H. f. & T. secured a large quantity of it in every stage. The A REVISION OF THE INDIAN SPECIES OF LEEA. 165 e there any bracts. L. Sundaica, Miq., really is L. robusta, Bian me, and Kurz z perhaps tonal ie @ cone clusion. . L. Kurzn, C. B, Clarke.—Leaflets large oblong-lanceolate pany denticulate thin softly pilose, corymbs 2-4 in. dense stout, bracts + in owly oblong. And a, OW stews; Kurz. Kurz ‘etka this L. hirta, i.e., L. equata, Linn., and it may be a variety of that plant; but in the very thin leaves and absence of glandular discs on their lower surfaces it certainly differs from every other example of L. hirta. It seems indeed quite as near as L. bracteata, from which, however, it is well distinct by the secon- dary nervation, which is open reticulate, not closely parallel. Kurz’s single specimen is in fragments; the terminal shoot is densely shaggy, with rine hairs standing out on all sides; I can like it in L. JAVANICA, Si Bijd. 197.—Leaflets elliptic- rinse acuminate pubescent on the nerves beneath, corymb divar wide-spreading rusty- “pubescent upwards, bracts mall RS bodes — Miq. in Ann. Mus. Lu at. aicendee. Sir R. Schomburgk, n. 86.—Distrib. Java, Celebes. A large shrub. Upper leaves bipinnate; so much resembling those * the Bengal L. sambucina that Schomburgk’s example has been named sambucina? But not only are the leaves pubescent Sanath the very wide and rusty-pubescent corymb is unlike that of L. sambucina. Srecres ExctupED FROM THE GEN Lexa oponropuyina, Wall. List, 6820, from a a ddy Bank —The Wallichian example consists of two detached ‘voeteed which are, I believe, the common Khasi Vitis arranged by Lawson as a glabrous form of Vitis lanata, Roxb. Lexa corpata, Wall. List, 6819, from Ava, is a Vitis in half-ripe fruit; a species erect, without tendrils (so far allied to V. spectabilis, Kurz 2), th the ‘peduncles exactly intra-avillary between the persistent lanceolate stipules. APPENDIX. Species of Leea, not a a : - orig Catalogue of Indian Species, which I have r the British Museum, but have only noticed pare y. Sect. 2. Lzrz. 80. L. serrutata, Miq. in Ann. Mus. Lugd. Bat. i. 99.—The imperfect exam oe sominenionted cannot be sepipcted from L. acuminata, Wall. Sect. 8. Rusrz 81. L. C. B. Clarke. e—Nearly sa baeel ha leaves 8-pinnate, te Taatlotd 21 by 3-4 in., peduncles long corymbs ay petals red. P Chodia, Lebeuf, n. 214 -—Closely allied to some Indian forms of L. rubra, Blume. 166 A REVISION OF THE INDIAN SPECIES OF LEEA. 82. L. Cummen, C. B. Clarke-—Stems very rufous shaggy, leaves large 3- -pinnate, leaflets alliptic- -lanceolate rufous-villous on both surfaces.—Philippines, “med n. 1879. 88. L. Manitiensis, Walp. Nov. Act. Cas. Leo Suppl. i. 314.—Nearly SiBrowS; jeavek 3- pinnate, leaflets Pipe lanceolate acuminate serrate, corymbs peduncled large compound, s rose-red._-Manilla, Meyen, Cuming n. 607. 34. Bruyontana, C. B. Clarke.—Nearly glabrous, upper leaves * (or often 3- ) — ese elliptic very shortly acumi- nate, primary nerv ontinued nearly to the margin often setulose, saath! petbeis: aordoast ralia, R. Brown, n. 5272 Port Darwin, Schultz, n. 627.—Called L. sicathon by Benth (EL Austial. i. 451), but not merely the colour of ek flowers, but the nervation of the leaves totally differs from L. sambucina The aay a is like a very handsome well-developed L. rubra or ; 85. L. eumeensits, G. Don, Gen. Syst. i. 712.—Shrubby, flowers sessile small, petals deep- ‘red, stantial tube yellow-white.— L. sambucina, Thonn. a ee Guinea Pl. 184; Baker in Oliv. Fl. Trop. Afr. i. 415, not of Willd —L. coccinea, Bojer Hort. Maurit. 61 (? of Planch. 1 Sierra Leone, Niger, Congo, Aesagatee; Abbeokuta, Monbotto-Land, Zambesi, ere Madagasc ar ? arborea, Bojer H rt. M it. 61, n. sp. — Arb casont flowers less capitellate much larger, petals r rose, staminal tube yellow-white.—Mauritius, Bourbon, Madagascar, Comoro Isles. Sect. 5. Pavorrottonosz. 8 pricirouia, Zoll.; Miq. in Ann. Mus. Lugd. Bat. i. pe erat | distinct species, but the flowers are perhaps r 87. L. Zrppeniiana, Mig. in Ann. Mus. Lugd. Bat. i. 101.— oy Gain —Nearly allied io} L. simplicifolia. L. Cerxstca, C, B. Clarke.—Uppermost leaf (at least some- eines’ 1- -pinnate with at least 7 leaflets, leaflets very large ovate lanceolate acute sparsely patently pilose beneath, corymb spreading rusty-pubescent.—Celebes, Riedel.—Leaflets 6 by 4in. This seems related to L. grandifolia, Kurz, much as L, latifolia, Wall., is to L. macrophylla, Ro xb. Sect. 6. SaMBUCINE. 89. L. siszrrata, Mig. in Ann. Mus. Lugd. Bat. i. 99._-There treated as a var. of L. s ambucina, Willd., which ‘ariaise the true affinity. The imperfect easier communicated looks exceedingly scot . uae Griff. 0. L. , Teijs. & Binn. Cat. Hort. — are 169.— Stem pil, of SUicitne much like L. sambucina 41. L. an 4, Korth. ; Miq. in Ann. Mus. Lu a Bat. i. 97. —A ering regain species; the nage conumanicatd cannot be distinguished from L. horvida. Teijs. & NOTES ON IRISH PLANTS, 167 “aes 7. Aiquatz. 42. L. Sunpatca, Miq. in Ann. Mus. Lugd. Bat. i. 96.—Leaves large bipinnate rusty hairy beneath, corymb peduncled very com- pound rusty villous, without prominent bracts or bracteoles.—L. robusta, Blume, Bijd. 198, not of Roxb.—Java is species is much more closely allied to L. robusta, Roxb., than to any other species; not much differing therefrom, save in the rusty villous orymb. cor —L. fuliginosa, sp. Miq. i Fl. Ind. Bat Suppl eth is reduced as a var. of L esate by himself in Ann. Mus. Bat. i. 96, and does not appear Daeg except by a 3- go 43. L. pusescens, Zipp.; Mig. in oe Mus. Lugd. Bet i. 97.— Timor.—The authentic example of this seems very near L Javanica. oe different from every other species in the genus oy . L. mivcrorza, Lindl.; Baker in Oliv. Fl. Trop. Afr. i Sane. case iin in. long and upwards.—Isle of St. Thomas ; “ West Tropical Africa NOTES ON IRISH PLANTS. By H. C. Hart, B.A. Dourive a short visit, in the summer of 1880, to my friend Mr. the flora of Districts VI. and VII. of Moore and More’s ‘ Cybele Hibernica,’ which I now proceed to enumerate. A day upon Keeper in yielded us no varieties, but a slight sketch of the vertical range of its plants may be useful to those botanists who take an interest in spe subject. At the summit, 2278 feet, occurred :—Potentilla ane Galium haane. Vaccinium Myrtillus, Calluna vulgaris, Rume Acetosa, Empetrum nigrum, Luzula campestris, uncus i ing Scirpus cespitosus, Luzula sylvatica, Eriophorum angustifolium, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Aira flexuosa, Agrostis vulgaris, Festuca ovina, Aspidium dilatatum. At 2200 feet :—Solidago Virgaurea, Erica cinerea, Jasione montana, ag che pratense. At 2000 feet :— Cerastium triviale, Vaccinium Vitis- Although there is a suitable cane of cliffs, with a northern aspect, on "es north side of Keeper Mountain, I failed to gather any alpine plant there, excepting Vaccinium Vitis-Idea, oor also occurs near the summit on the south side. In a glen, flan the upper side of Ballyhourigan Wood, upon the south side of oe Cystopteris fragilis occurs 8 sparingly, and with it Lathyrus macror- rhizus ; on the moorland a little above the wood, Carex ovalis may 168 NOTES ON IRISH PLANT'S. be gathered; while atits lower extremity I noticed Lastrea Oreopteris. These last three plants were not previously recorded from District Fr: now give a list of the localities for the rarer plants noticed. When a plant is ee to the district in which it occurs, the expression “ District 6” or “ District 7” will be found inserted after the ace given. tig the discovery is due to my friend Mr. Barrington, his initials C. B. B. follo Meconopsis geht ig. Frequent about Six-mile Bridge, Co. Clare. C. B. B. * Chelidonium majus, L. Glenstal; District Cerastium eres atum, Thuil. Roadside between Keeper and Newport; Distri Malva bral, Wall, cages ground near a gate lodge, area re iy ots ‘Goal District {6 eranium og rear L. Naturalised i in waste ground, Glenstal ; District 6. C. B. B. tG. sylvaticum, L. In several places at Glenstal, where it has been known for the na wen years; District CG: Bu B. Rhamnus catharticus, L. Near Newport by the roadside. Ulex Gallii, Pisishita, Clare Glen, near Glenstal; District 7. Lathyrus era at imm. allyhourigan Wood, Keeper Mountain ; District 7. _ pPrumus Padus, L. Glenstal, where it is called ‘* Mazzard.” Rosa arvensis, Huds. Roadside between Newport and Keeper Mountain ; — 7%. + Pyrus us, L. Glenstal; District 6. ae, Callitriche | Seadaaiiat Kutz. Gle nstal; Distri Pimpinella magna, L. Between Boher and Giedetad by the side of the road; at Anna Cotty; and roadside near Newport; . District 7. Siu m angustifolium, L. Ballymackkeogh Bog, between Glen- stal and Castle Connell; by the railway near Drumkeen Station. Oenanthe crocata, L. Glenstal; District 6. Cats Roem L. Roadside between Boher and Glenstal. ensis, a Glenstal, and roadside between Limerick and "Glenstal Distal Tanacetum ee L. Roadside near ret ger *Cichorium Intybus, L. Glenstal; Distri C. B. B. Spano 46 paludosa, Mcench. Glenstal, by “the Mulcaher River ; Jasione montana, L. Keeper Mountain; District 7. ycopus europaus, Li. Roadside between O’ Brien’ s Bridge Castle Connell wire the railway crosses. Little ‘lanes ee eastern shore of Lough Derg, near Killaloe; District 7. Pinguicula vulgaris, L. In one place at Glenstal. ©. B. B. I saw it nowhere else in Lana: or Tippera umes sy win Huds. In pipes where the Limerick and Kill ailway crosses the bem from O’Brien’s Bridge to Castle Connell, and in the neighbourhood around. OC. B. B. NOTES ON IRISH PLANTS. 169 alas? hyberna, L. There is a record in the ‘Cybele Hibernica ’—‘* It grows abundant ly near Anakirk, in the county of 1 4 i coun me uniperus nana, Willd. Along the “_ of Lough Derg at the northern point of Youghal Bay; District C. B. Ls Potamogeton densus, L. romineer os Lough Derg; and ost the shores of islands and both sides of Tough Dats at Killaloe ; istrict : P. lucens, L. Both'shores of Lough Derg near Killaloe; Dis- rict 7. P. perfoliatus, L. With the last ; District 7. Butomus umbellatus, L. Shores of island in Lough Derg, near Killaloe ois Or dhits pyramidalis, L. Dromineer, Lough Aon Gymnadenia conopsea, Brown. With the las Carex ovalis, Good. On Keeper Momtain, a little above the upper asane of ‘Ballyhourigan Wood; Dis Carex Pseudocyperus, L. Mebsesniciphe'g Bog, near Newport; soe oy - Phalaris arundinacea, L. Dromineer Bay, Lough Der : Hom meoiatliee ia bridgonié, Sm. Glenstal, Hesaerediie stat. ; District 6. Trichomanes radicans, Swartz. roo fern ae a to me in four distinct localities, all near Glens two of them cross the boundary into Tipperary. The Tipperary i were found by my friend Mr. Croker Barrington. They an im- portant addition to the flora of see Cystopteris fragilis, Bernh. In glen on the borders of Bally- hourigan -Wood, Keeper Mountain, patie y: Lastrea Oreopteris, Presl. In Ballyhourigan Wood, Keeper Mountain ; District 7. Equisetum sylvaticum, L. Near Glenstal, by the Dooglasha ; District 6. E. maximum, Lam. Roadside cate Newport and Glenstal, in two or three places ; Districts fet above of additions to the flora of the Counties Limerick uncommon E ae = Qu @ n m @ < © ~ 9 f— bs Ws 6 nm eS ee Q =] ° =] nm ver im: erfectly know Some co ood i : ect districts; are still unrecorded, and it is probable a Sisyrhy pede estern shores of this neglected aks. ‘ 170 NOTES ON RADNORSHIRE PLANTS. By Henry N. Rotey, M.A., F.L.S. In August of a rene I made a few botanical excursions into Radnorshire, a county hitherto but little visited by botanists, and one of the nine pss omitted almost entirely from Watson’s ‘ Topographical Botany,’ on account of the scantiness of the records of its flora The flora differs somewhat remarkably from that of the adjoining county = Hereford, and this I consider to be to a consider- able extent due to the difference of the geology of the district, Herefordshire ee almost entirely composed of old red sandstone and clay, whereas the pee visited in Radnorshire were either Silurian or voleanic rocks. The Stanner Rocks are remarkable to plants appears to be only known in Britain from Norfolk and Suffolk and this locality ; the latter occurs on the carboniferous limestones of the West of England, as at = Great Orme’s Head and St. Vin- cent’s Rocks, and again in Norf adnor Forest consists of a Pennant area of low hills, none more than 2166 feet in height; they are clothed with short grass, Pieris aquilina, Lastrea Oreopteris, Ulex Gallii i, Vaccinium Myr- tillus, &c., and quite bare of trees, except for a. few larch planta- ti they are composed of Upper Silurian rocks. e remainder of the country over which I collected was Lower Silurian, except at Builth, where the Carneddau range is composed o pee ape ee Ui Linaria minor: of these, 7’ anccdaes Li eg was — on nly < one I actually saw; but it must be remembered that my excursions were limited, and by no means exhaust _ flora of the southern parts to which I chiefly turned my atten will now give a list of the wie ste esting plants met with, most of which have not been previously recorded as occurring in’ umnneulu Lenormandi, F. Schultz. In a stream near Pains- rtd eevee; L. Streams in ane Radnor Forest. Abundant. R. auricomus, L. In a copse near Aberedw . arvensis, L. In the sorsificlis about Clyro Fumaria confusa, Jord. In a potato field near the railway, Abere dw. Cardamine erane, L. A rocky wood on the left bank of the River Edw, at Aberedw. Arabis tists, Br. New Radnor, and between Builth Wells Station and Llanellwedd, on walls. NOTES ON RADNORSHIRE PLANTS. 171 Lepidium campestre, Br. Roadside near Builth. L. Smithii, Hook. On the Stanner Rocks. On rubbish heaps by the = of the road between Clyro and Painscastle. Viola tricolor, L. pba: purple flowers, Aberedw Hill. With tas owsrt, cornfie ornfields 7 rides L. Above Water- rs its-Neck Waterfall, about a mile from New Radnor Dianthus deltoides, i, Mount Carneddau, not far from a farm- house, but without doubt native. Stellaria aquatica, a Near Clyro. In a stream between Dolyhir and New Radnor ergula arvensis, L. “Cornfields about Clyro; and Gaer, near Llansaintfread. Scleranthus perennis, L. Is still to be found in the well-known locality, viz., . the foot of the Stanner Rocks, but is by no means abundant ther Tgptaa tetrapterum, Fries. In marshes on the hills above eae H. humifusum, L. On the Stanner nee east side, and by the side of the road between Builth and Aber Malva moschata, L. Is very spend hate the roadsides and elsewhere. Geranium pratense, L. In the cies between Llanbadan and Aberedw; and on the Aberedw Mounta G. motte, - Aberedw; and ‘mae ‘the stream Edw, together with G, pusillum, L. G. ct, L. By the side of the road running through Aberedw G. hei ae: L. At Water-break-its-Neck fall; among the stones in Aberedw churchyard. Ulex Galli, Planch. Hillsides. Spread over a large extent of country in the Radnor Forest and Abere dw mountains. Genista tinctoria, L. A few plants near — Trifolium medium, L. Roadside near Clyr T. filiforme, Li Road near Clyro. Agrimonia odorata, Mill. On th near Llansaintfread got agitate Lianslo. Poterium Sangquisorba, oadside, Alchemilla vulgaris, L. Fields and es places, Radnor Forest. Rosa spinosissima, L, Peri nner Roc e bank of a stream at Gaer, " hedelias angustifolium, L. Native on Rhos Common. It has 172 NOTES ON RADNORSHIRE PLANTS. been a or escaped in many other places in Radnorshire, especially about the railway banks. vighewes intermedia, Ehrh. Among loose stones, on the Aberedw Mountain, between Aberedw and Llandeilo Hill. The plant appears o me identical with specimens marked as true C. intermedia by Tso: Sedum Telephium, L., var. Fabaria. Abundant on the Car- neddau mountains, above the road from oe to Aberedw. A few aoe also occurred on the Stanner Roc Cotyledon Umbilicus, L, Stanner Rocks ; eadads. Clyro, on r two plants in each locality. This searcity is remarkable when the great abundance of the plant in the neighbouring county of Herefordshire is contrasted it. Cicuta virosa, L. Rhos Common; in a stream on Mount Carneddau Omanthe crocata, L. Rhos Goch; Aberedw, near the River Edw. Silaus pratensis, L. Badnor Forest. Asperula odorata, L. Bushy places near Clyro. Woods, Aberedw. Dipsacus pilosus, Li. — on the right bank of the River Edw. Aberedw, near the railway. Carlina vulgaris, L. grees Hill; Carneddau Mountain ; Aberedw Hills. Serratula tinctoria, L. Foot of the Stanner Rocks. ricaria inodora, L. By the roadside, Painscastle. Tanacetum vulgare, L. -A single plant on the road to New - Radnor, near Dolyhir ; sameaty far less abundant than in Here- fordshire. Artemisia Absinthium, L. Occurs, doubtless as an escape, on the roadside near Rhos Go oc : 7 st epee sylvaticus, L. Hills above the road from Aberedw to Lactuca muralis, Fresen. Bushy places near Clyro. Jasione montana, tanner Rocks. Campanula rapunculoides, L. On the side of the road near New Radnor, probably escaped. C. latifolia, L. In a wood on the banks of the Edw, Aberedw. C. patula, L. One specimen, roadside near Cl Calluna vulgaris, Salisb. Radnor Forest. Rhos Com Solanum Dulcamara, L. Near Llanelwedd, on the — to Aberedw. Veronica montana, L. Stanner Rocks. Aberedw Mountain. V. hybrida, L. Stanner Rocks, ee “on sparingly. Pedicularis palustris, L. Rhos Com ellaria minor, LL. In a bog, Carneddau Mo un Stachys Betonica, Benth. Roadside near the oie of Clyro ; near Llanelwedd. Galeopsis pore, L. Roadside near Llanelwedd. NOTES ON RADNORSHIRE PLANTS, 1738 Myosotis palustris, With. A few Ss on Rhos Common. Utricularia vulgaris, L., and U. r,L. In peat pools on oes Common. Empetrum nigrum, L. Radnor Forest; on the mountains Whimble and Foel. Sparganium ramosum, Huds. Ditches on Rhos Common _- hire om natans, L., and P. crispus, L. Peat pools, Rhos om Triglochin entre L. Rhos Common awe | Nidus-avis, Rich. Wood above the Edw, near Aberedw. Tamus soliaddiie: L. Roadsides between Llanelwedd and Aberedw; and between Dolyhir and New Radnor. Al lium ursinum, L. Wood on this left bank of the River Edw, near Aberedw. Narthecium Ossifragum, Huds. Bogs, Carneddau Mountain. Luzula sylvatica, Bich. Aberedw Woods L. multiflora, var. congesta, Koch. Bog ee Mountain. Juncus conglomeratus, L. Marshes s near aus J. obtusiflorus, Ehrh, ; J. acutiflorus, Ehrh. ; 7. a ae lie Rhos Common; marshy ground between ress and Rhos Goch. J. squarrosus, L. Bee Carneddau Moun Scirpus cas: is, L. Rhos oe Eriophorum angustifolium, Roth. Rhos Com FE. angustifolium, var. minus. Bog, Coenatdad Mocuain. eddau Bog. C. stellulata, ee Stanner Hill. Marshes above the road to C. ovalis, Good. Carneddau Bogs. C. flava, L. Stanner Hill. Alopecurus geniculatus, L. Stream on — Mountain. Melica uniflora, Retz. hee of Stanner Hill. lyceria fluitans, Br. Streams, Carneddau. Rhos Comm Festuca ovina, L. Widely “distributed over the bansdine a Radnor Forest Hills. Bromus asper, Murr. Aberedw Woods; woods above Llan- — faredd. B. sterilis, L. Roadside between Builth and nal Nardus stricta, L. Bogs, Carneddau Moun Lomaria Spicant, Desv. Hillside, aie For Scolopendrium vulgare, Sm. - Apparently pas oe in one spot in Aberedw Woods. Asplenium Ruta-muraria, L. Walls, New Rad A, ego, L. Water-break- its- Neck, on ‘the rocks on both — of the ca cade. : ot ddlcanmenen um, L. Stanner Rocks ; Water-break-its-Neck, on the rocks on both sides of the cascade; rocky places above the road from Builth to Aberedw, near Llanelwe 174 SHORT NOTES. Cystopteris fragilis, Bernh. On a shed in a farmyard near Water-break-its-Neck, and on the sieké near the fall. Var. dentata. Aberedw Woods, in the dry bed of a stream. Aspidium aculeatum, Sw. Banks of the Edw. Nephrodium dilatatum, Desy. Woods near Llanfaredd and Aberedw. Osmunda regalis, L. Rhos Common, on the edges of peat pools. Equisetum sylvaticum, L. Near Painscastle. E. limosum, L. Rhos Common. SHORT NOTES. Tuuaspr aupesTRE, L., 1x Somersetsutre.—-The Rev. R. P. Murray has brought to "the British Museum Herbarium a spe- cimen of the above-named plant, collected by him on the 5th ult., coe Shipham and Rowberrow, near Axbridge, Somerset, growing among herbage on a bank by the roadside, on mountain anne, This extends the range of the plant, of which Glamorgan was pesrionsly the southern limit.—James BrirrEen Lescurma mutasiuis, Ferg.—At p. 114 I stated that the —- from Ben Lawers was not Schimper’s variety savicola, but the e. This view was expressed after comparison with very bes specimens, and after learning the opinion of a rien re of ten times my experience. It has now been examined, and compared with authentic specimens by Dr. Braithwaite and Mr. H. M. Holmes, and they both refer it without doubt to Schimper’s variety saxico his variety is regarded by Molendo, Milde, Lindberg, and Braithwaite as a speci ae Mr. Ho Imes has kindly sent me a note to make a of in this eee He says:—‘' Lescurea mutabilis, Fergu A specimen of a moss forwarded to ‘me under the al ove name for exhibition at a recent meeting of the ean Society proved on examination to be L. saxicola of Milde— L, striata, Br. & Sch., var. saxicola of Schimper’s Synopsis. This — is distinguishe d from the typical saat by its longer stems regularly pinnate at “the extremity, by its larger and broader sno shia leaves, more shortly acuminate and serrate at the apex, and by its yellowish brown colour. It also grows on were on mountains, more . ly of the northern zone, wher cording to Schimper, the typical plant is rare, the habitat of the latter being on ee Puhtiice and twigs of dwarf shrubby beeches on the loftier mountains of the middle and southern zone, from the Alps to the Jura. In such situations it usually grows with Brachythecium reflecum. From terigynandrum filiforme, rigs saxicola is distinguished at sight by its striated leaves, and un the microscope by t the nerve which almost reaches the apex of the SHORT NOTES. 175 leaf. In the herbarium at Kew a specimen of the rare plant occurs, collected by Don in Scotland; but some of the localities he gives for other plants being ekg as So ey his discovery does not appear to have been published.”—-W. Wes SprRING-FLOWERING Form or ConLcHIcuM AUTUMNALE [see Jour Bot., 1880, pp. 145, 185] .—I ae it should be put on record that the Colehi icum plants which flowered in the early spring of last speci It appe to that g ee a =] & ° aa oO Qo. gQ Oo ° ury t a oa Re aE° oe ° er 2 nic cal itera: been spent upon it, though this has teen so great that the author ares :—‘* T wou never again attempt a catalogue which was primarily a slnstified list.’ . EXTRACTS AND NOTICES. 181 The general account of the scope of the work, from which we have made the above quotations, contains also an explanation of the contractions used, the method pursued with respect to ‘“ trans- lations or — rations from Russ, Greek, and other languages not using oman letters,” with sto amusing sche san of difficulties fe ambiguities that have fa from the d eccentricities of authors, forming an interesting Prefac wr — six pages. This is followed by a brief “stoned ldeokas ction of thirteen pages, which is remarkably concise—more so, indeed, than we could have wished; the cabaianals ‘* Arabs,” for sabia though they, for tres hundred spe as we are told, “ alone bore the lighted torch of learning, and to them Western nations owe a deep debi of gratitude, for the scorer of many species and drugs of Seep. origin,” are despatched from _ to last in a sine reer are heard of no more excepting in the The ‘ Guide’ is founded on Pritzell’s « Thesaurus,’ to which, as we have seen from the title-page, many additions have been made, ion will sh addition number that have appeared since that ineed and of many which, though of great interest, do not appear to have fallen within the scope of Pritzel’s inten tion. The list of preety is arranged in consecutive sections from 1 to 124. any of these are grouped are :—1. Bibliography; 2. History; 8. Bio x a ‘‘ must be meenand 7 strictly eee to Pritzel ” ladda , in two sec- tions, V . Terminology ; 5, Plant Names—we miss here, by - the way, "the on used, if not quoted, ‘ Glossaire de Botanique,’ by Ersoy = Théis, Paris, 1810; 6. ee: ther fh Nomenclators ; 9. Systems. ‘These nine sob occupy ri pag e-Linnean ire follows in three sec- lon al Botany; 11. Classical Botany; 12. Earl Modern 1 Perhaps Mr. Jackson has but exercised : hr but of the last the English translation by P. n Holland, and the translation by Bosto ck and Riley in Bolin’ 8 “Libasy, which includes ever, is not the case with Cato and Varro. Perha aps if they w admitted, Virgil’s Georgics and Columella’s works would also aes to find a place, and Paulus Aigineta, who is also unnoticed, though we have an English translation of his work, as well as the edition of 1528. We always meet with Apuleius, _— in botani cal history, though his botanical work may not be of much conse- quence. It is true that information about all peels origin 182 EXTRACTS AND NOTICES. Latin is a desideratum. If we may form an opinion of the oe attaching to the early Natural History works, at the time when modern learning began, by the date of their appearance after the invention of printing, Serapion, who was published in 1473, is second only to Pliny in order. Besides Serapion, Razis, Avicenna, nintids Histeries Opus novum, 1 61, ig enkiks oticed. r Pre-Linnean Botany are eee Works (§ 13-15, p. “66) a great number of w are recent, published since isn, Figlcuelociees and Morpholobical Botany (§ 16-43, p. 67-109). Descriptive Botany (§ 44-55, p. 110-175); Paleobotany (§ 56-57, p- 175-191); Keonomic Botan ny (§ 58-66, p. 191-211). These divisions, with their several sections, are very clearly arranged, so beige : A h literature of any particular branch that he may want. For in- stance, Cryptogamic Botany has received much attention of late ; pra are § 49. Ferns; 50. Mosses; 51. Hepatic; 52. Characem; 8. Alge, Desmids, and Diatoms; BA, Lichens; 55. Fungi. Again, Economic Botany is generally supposed to be. rather a neglected h of the science; but a reference to this division will disclose pres a number of works on the subject as to prove that it has re- ceived its full share of attention. We find the following sections : —58. General Works; 59. Food-plants; Grain, Forage, Food- plants of Insects; 60. Lu xuries; Sugar-yielding Plants; 61. Medi- cinal Plants; 62. Dendrology; 68. Textile Plants; 64. Perfumery ; * da Stuffs, &c., Tanning Materials, Gums, Starches ; With respect to the ae of the titles some difficulties are apparent. As the author vf pee out, ‘ —_ books treating of several departments of ‘Bot y might fitly have darts in several sections,’ and though this hes been pci Moe ded, in a few cases books are planed a oh more than one. In a ypicae this plan might probably have been extended with advantage. Again, the author says :—‘ As titles are often insufficient t and even mis- EXTRACTS AND NOTICES. 188 his work would be more at home in “ § 18, Nutrition and _ Vitality ’’—say next to Thorey’s ‘‘ Beitrag zur Lehre vom Pflanz- lichen Stoffwechsel,”’ on the same page, or even more so next to Schmitz’s work, ‘Ueber die Higenwaerme des Pflanzen,’ on p. 78. ter Economic Botany follow Emblematie Works; Practical Botany ; Local Works, under the three sections, Directories, Geo graphical Distribution, Voyages; and then Local Floras, which is the largest, if not the most important division in the book in detail; thus, after looking over the Floras of Europe, e ass on successively to those of Great Britain, of England, of Middlesex, and of London; and it is the same with the other quarters of the globe, so far as there is material, and the material works in reference to them in all parts of the world from Gerard’s Catalogus (1596), the earliest published garden catalogue, to Seboth’s Alpine Plants painted from Nature, 1880 Serial Publications occupy thirty pages, divided into two sec- tions, Transactions and Journals. The first of these, occupying ighteen which are not likely to cross the Atlantic. A search through the files of botanical periodicals alone would have yielded additions : as an instance of this we notice in the ‘ Bulletin’ of the Torrey Botanical Club (begun in 1870) notices of works omitted by Mr. ackson. «The Addenda includes the titles of such books as came to hand too late for incorporation in their proper places, new pub- lications, and a few which had been accidentally misplaced.” These are classified in sections corresponding in name and number with those of the main portion of the book, and bring the work down to the end of 1880. The Index is extensive, occupying 111 pages, and as complete. and accurate probably as is in the nature of indexes. ing slips 184 EXTRACTS AND NOTICES. is under Schleiden as “ Principles.” Besides being of the fullest character as to references, and at the same time as succinct in terms direc “eon of deceased writers are included in parentheses when known author; if of birth or death only, the distinctive initial is one This swe feature might have been even more fully arried out; several additional dates may be gleaned from the ramen of this Journal. In the secondary but not unimportant characters of iad size, clear type, and ample margin the ite oe nothin e desired. n one or two eakeicn weenie pahore is room for a difference of opinion. ‘ "The plan of spelling out the common diphthongs and odified vowels,’ to which we are Lei caine accustomed in Latin, looks odd when ‘applied to German wor Mr. Jac ckson, eet is “quite ready to defend” what Ha? ‘considers as erely a common-sense practice ;” and he i is probably right in supe that any noe goat made to ~ arise Ps want of familiarity with this od. His rather disuse—of capitals in the titles of boskeii is a little stnniie: ‘Flora bathoniensis’ and ‘ Flora bristoliensis ’ look odd to English eyes, ‘although this may be the correct Latin form. When we remember that the work was originally expected to consist of about two hundred pages, we shall not complain that the Christian names of the authors are not given instead of their initials. many instances this might have been done without occupying additional space; but Mr. Jackson has chosen, for the sake of uniformity, to omit pol altogether from awe body of the book, although some are given in the admirable The “Monographs” to which § 46 is devoted are of a mis- cellaneous character, including works descriptive of orders, genera, —— and even hybrids. Mr. Jackson seems to have expecte ed verse criticism upon this section, and has in his Preface andeenounéd to forestal it. It is indeed not easy to suggest an n appear ae a separate heading—e.g., under Orchidee might have been added “ see also Odontoglossum fa while e one is sur- prised at first to find no allusion to the Crassulacee, which form an important part of DeCandolle’s ‘ Plantes aera. that work being placed under the heading “ Cactacee, & Wade’s paper, ‘ De Buddlea globosa et Holeo odorato,’ is poe under bp former genus only ; there should at least have been a cross-reference under Holecus: and the same treatment should have ae" bestowed upon Baillon’ 8 ‘ Buxacées et Stylocerées,’ which is referred to only under the former name. Under ‘ Orchidacee#”’ we should cA expected a cross-reference to Bateman’s ‘ Orchidaces of Mexico and Guate- mala,” which is placed in the section devoted to Central American Oo We would especially urge upon all who wish to use the book in EXTRACTS AND NOTICES. 185 the most advantageous manner to read carefully the are Pre- face,—a useful practice too often neglected,—and to mber that the works which they may mechs to find are “ bbe: especially noteworthy,”’ books given in Pritzel’s ‘Thesaurus,’ ed. 2, but here cuenta or added to, and books omitted by Pritzel ; only such re- prints as have rie i green and a full title-page ins included. Mr. Jackson’s ‘ Remarks on Botanical Bibliography,’ published in this Journal for rst (pp. 167-177), may be read with profit in con- nection with the ‘Guide.’ We imagine that many will regret that Mr. J saith did 7 at once give us a new edition of Pritzel’s ‘Thesaurus ;’ he could certainly have done so with very little more labour than he has expended bs ye this work; but it would then hardly have come within the scope of the publications of the Index Society, to which body botanist are indebted for this most useful volume. We occasionally miss a distinctly noteworthy book—e. g., Gaudichaud’s ‘ Ohgadoganid dae Végétaux ;’ but on the whole Mr. Jackson a been singularly satisfactory in his selection of im- portant books. Mueli:t care has evidently been taken in ascertaining when pos- sible the authors of anonymous or pseudonymous — ; thus the ‘eminent botanist” who was advertised as having revised the second English edition of Figuier’s ‘ Vegetable World’ is 5 identified with Mr. Dyer, of Kew; ‘‘ Johannes Senilis,” who is actually quoted under this pseudonym by the authors of the ‘ Genera Plantarum,’ is shown to represent ‘J. Nelson ;” and many other works of less note are traced to their authors. urther information in this direction will doubtless be forthcoming: ¢.y., the little work ‘ Botany Novices,’ published under the initials ‘ L. BiB trust that enough has been said to show that Mr. J pete , Guide’ is indispensable to every botanical library of any pretension, as ll as to e — general library in whieh os greens ure occupies a Pp. pees ce neo By Sereno sina Vol. Il. [Apetale— acee@.| Cambridge, Mass., The i ora om British India. By Sir J : Pobesi, UD, Part VIII. cea) London: L. Redes Go. nent Biologia Centrali-Americana .. +++ + By W. B. Hem- suey. Part VII. April, 1881. a> eilaliecs U0 mposite (part st two works named above are important contributions to our list of local floras, each of which may be taken as a type of what such works ought to be, except perhapsin one or two matters of detail to which we may hereafter allude. The first volume of the ‘ Botany of California’ appeared in 1876, the authors undertaking it being Prof. Asa Gray, Mr. W. H. Brewer, and Dr. Sereno Wwison? the 28 186 EXTRACTS AND NOTICES. last-named botanist is the author of this the second and concluding volume, assisted in some families by ‘“ specialists of the highest authority in their several Repaniaisieet The ‘Flora of British *India’ is the latest and most flourishing of the series of colonial floras which have been subsidised by British or colonial govern- ments, and which owe their existence and toa great extent their sears to the energy of oe Joseph Hooker and his colleagues at Kew. We say ‘‘ the most flourishing,” because the progress of some of these floras has unfortunately been arrested. The last volume of the ‘ Flora Capensis,’ for example, bears date 1864-1865, the Campanulacea being the last stanaily described; the ‘ Flora of Tropical Africa’ came to a standstill in 1877 with the Hbenacee ; but the ‘Flora of British India,’ commenced in 1872, is steadily progressing, this progress being i in no small degree owing to the eee co-operation of Mr. C. B. ‘Botany of California’ is a most attractive book ; both paper and type te to us as good as it is possible to procure, and the = of the various groups leave nothing to be desired. Dr. Engelmann has undertaken the Loranthacee and Abietinea, as well as the genus Quercus; Mr. Bebb has elaborated the Salices ; the Carices have been entrusted to Mr. William Boott (son, we believe, of the eminent caricologist), the Coe to Dr. Thurber, and the Ferns to Prof. Eaton; the bulk of the work thus falling upon Dr. Sereno Watson, who is second only to Prof. Asa Gray in his devotedness to North American Botany, The greatest care is manifested upon every page, and nowhere perhaps more promi- nently than in the Index, which i model of what such things . There is an Appendix ee of a good glossary and — an extremely interesting “‘ List of persons who have made botanical collections in California,” by Mr. Brewer; this title, however, hardly adequately conveys to the general reader how much infor- mation regarding those to whom we are mainly indebted for our Dpatiesige of Californian fuer. is given in this condensed account m the t enke, who collected in California in 1791, Fe tiga to ne ame date. A of this kind is, of course, hardly suited for detailed ans in these pages; but there are one or two points to which we would call attention. We note we pleasure that Dr. Watson, whom we have not previously encountered as a brycologist, names mosses on the principles silently adopted by phanerogamic botanists, but too often departed from by eryptogamists; so that we have only one authority for’a given name, instead of two the other hand, we notice that such rene names as californica, lapponica, and the like are spelt with capital letters, which seems to us an undesirable innovation upon the recognised practice. In e new species here described, and this may possibly mislead those who do not remember that the work is not om one pen. Care must be taken to quote Mr. Boott’s new EXTRACTS AND NOTICES. 187 Carices as of W. Boott, not of Boott, or confusion wil aris e. u bringing together the scattered descriptions of genera and species from the reports, separate papers, catalogues, and tate: als in which they have appeared, we shall appreciate as it deserves this complete and tere 5 pe oor account of the Botany of “Cali. fornia. bes ia that Dr. Watson will now have time and oppor- unity t his yet more generally useful work, the Bibliographi¢él Fates to North American Botany,’ of which we oat await the completion ‘ Flora of British India,’ as boeewar ) in the part before us, is peculialy aes to criticism upon points of nomenclature, —as Mr. Jackson has a above by Desfontaines (who called it Sonchus “eye the ecific name of L. onergea dates back to Linneus (who called it Chondrilla nudicaulis), and so on. A yet worse form of this erroneous mode of citation is the following :—‘ C [repis] oer Dene in Jacq. Voy. Bot., 99, t. 107 (Prennthes, not of Clarke. : C. Hookeriana, Pies Comp. Ind., Future authors will of course < C. Hookeriana, ©. B. ec which ¢ dates from Hook. ¢ rear Saiahes of erroneous citation occurs on the opening page (p. 198) of se on ries «< §[aprosma] ternatum, Hook. f., nm Gen. PL iy 7 There are two errors here; in the first enus Saprosma, but without specific name. To this p Fackso hn already called aires pee Secondly, although it , we believe, quite true tha . D, Hoo Pobinies for the ‘ Genera,’ we oid no "published statement to this 188 EXTRACTS AND NOTICES. effect in that work, and names contained in it must be quoted as of a cole uthors—‘‘ Be nth. & Hook. fil.’ Sir J. D. Hooker, in _ the i Befods us, is omental Ais justified in citing “« P [luchea] Sdsodash Oliv. Fl. Trop. Afr., iii., 272;” «O. & H.” (Oli ~ heey Hiern) is given in that 8 ee as the authority of the name. “« Crepis fuscipappa, Benth., in Gen. Pl., u., 574” [514] is ienieabib fa, that the name is duly published by Mr. Clarke, who is therefore the authority for it, in his ‘ Composite Indice.” The bulk of the present part is occupied by the Composite, which have been elaborated by Sir Joseph Hooker, who has mainly followed upon the lines laid down in Mr. Clarke’s ‘ Composite Indice,” noticed in this Journal for 1876 (pp. 317, 318). We note in passing that our suspicions there ex ressed as to the ete: are confirmed by Sir Joseph Hooker, vies states that Mr. Clave although they are united in the ‘ Students’ Flora,’ with a note stating that MG. Clarke observed ‘* that in India [S. asper] flowers from December to April, and S. oleraceus from April to a p. 414). B olan will occur to interrupt the steady - progress of this very Cte a. Mr. Hemsley has commenced the second volume of his hand- some work on Central American ters and we congratulate him upon the steady dieigans which he is making. In last year’s ‘ Journal of Botany,’ pp. 88-91, we oritivised the beginning of the work at some length; and the present instalment of it shows that Mr. Hemsley may at ‘hak claim the merit of consistency, inasmuch as our criticisms of Parts I. and II. apply with equal force to the sn now before us. We notice, however, that the references to any herbarium except that of Kew have entirely ceased; so that it becomes a question whether the work can claim to be more than a catalogue, with descriptions of some of the new species, of the Central aren plants in the Kew collection—supplemented indeed by references to species described in books from that region, but with no attempt at asic raat so far as the examination of other large © erbaria is concerne abstain from sty Hee: what we have already said at some incgeie oe this point; but we fail to under- stand why a large collection of ‘Moxienn plants, so o readily accessible as that of Ruiz and Pavon in the National Herbarium at South Kensington, should be altogether passed over. Had that Herbarium been consulted in the most cursory way, the types of two species ba cicero ie Nicaragua—named by Dr. Seemann P. cyano- and P. chontalensis, and published by | him in Mr. W. Bull's ‘ Retail Cuilogn for 1870—would have received some mention ; he former appears to be a very distinct afieeteas and was figured in the ‘ Floral vf eect (t. 479). J. Bs EXTRACTS AND NOTICES. 189 Tue ‘ Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy’ for April con- tains two interesting papers upon Irish Botany—one, ‘On the e ; gives a comparative table of the plants found on five distinct groups of islands on the West Coast of Ireland. The areas of the ith th 8 five, wit e number of species recorded from each, are a follow :— Peculi sexi Spories. Spauiee. Arran Islands, Galway ...... 10781 372 130 Aran Island, Donegal ...... 4355 232 23 Inishbofin, Mayo ............ 2312 3038 36 Blaskets, Kerry ..........+.++- 1560 174 8 Tay Island, Donegal ......... 785 145 1 The papers upon Tay Island and Arran Island, on which the abstracts are based, will be found in this Journal for September, 1879, and January, 1881, respectively. The species peculiarto the Blaskets, as contrasted with the other groups, are :-—Cardamine sylvatica, Lychnis Githago, Stellaria graminea, Scilla nutans, Luzula sylvatica, Carex disticha, C. pilulifera, Hymenophyllun unilaterale. One species, Keleria cristata, is new to District 1 of the ‘ Cybele Hibernica.’ We have received from Messrs. Marshall Japp & Co., two little works, to which no writer’s mame is attached, entitled respectively ‘Plant-life’ and * Easy Lessons in Botany.’ The t hosen wor lass t was pared, this little book is well suited for placing in the young ers as a prelude to more advanced works; and the few pence which it costs will be well spent upon a copy. ° S =] 190 EXTRACTS AND NOTICES. are glad to see that in the last part (n.s., vol. iii., pt. 1), of the ‘ Proceedings of the Bristol Naturalists’ Society’ an increasing prominence is given to local observations. The principal botanical ; e Bucknall. botanical section of the Society is working up the Botany of the district, with a view to the publication of a local ‘ Flora.’ Tue ‘ Report and Transactions of the prec Natural History and Microscopical Society’ for 1880 contains several botanical papers, by Mr. agnall and ea reprinted from the ‘ Midland Naturalist’ of last year. ARTICLES IN JoURNALS.—APRIL. Archives des Sciences — et Naturelles (15th April).—C. DeCandolle, ‘On Phyllot Botanical Gazette. es . Rothrock, ‘On Modes of Work in Prof. de Bary’s nana ek ’—H. H. Rusby, ‘On New nee Ferns.’—‘ W. K. Higley, ‘ Carnivorous Plants’ (contd.)—M. E. Banning, ‘ Maryland Fungi.’ ‘ Flora of Indiana (contd.) Botanische Zeitung.—A. F. W. ree Sapewestgen on the growth of Starch-granules’ (concluded).—H. Véchting, ‘ Memoir of Hanstein.’—G. Klebs, ‘ On the lower forms of pg (2 tab.) Botaniska Notiser.—P. Olsson, ‘Flora of Jentland.’—E. J. Archong, ‘ Pelagophycus, a new genus of Laminari ae rom tg Melander, ‘Journey in Lappmark in the summer of 1 —F. Elving, ‘Finnish Botanical Literature for 1873-79.’ Flora.—(March) G. Holzner, ‘ Agros nearer ahs J. Miller, ‘ Lichenological Contributions’ (concluded),—F. Arnold, ‘Lichenological Fragme ments’ (contd.) — ‘ Botanical Besiaes of . Gan pril) W. Behrens, ‘ Views of the Greeks and Romans on the Sexuality of Plants.’—A. Geheel, ‘On Mosses collected by Breidler on the Austrian Alps’ (Didymodon styriacus, Jur., n. sp.) Hedwigia.—E. Reh ler te ead fase. xii. (concluded).—G. Winter, ‘ Piet Helvetici nov Journal of Linnean aes ‘Botany, vol. xviii., no. 111).—G. Watt, ‘ Notes on Vegetation of Chumba State and Butoh Lahoul’ (Ranunculus pangiensis, Arabis pangiensis, A, bijuya, Androsace puncronifolia, Pedic — Peg ddiantum Watt (Baker), . spp. BB . 6.)—M. J, , ‘ Australian® Fungi aneee gen. acO MacOw.; Senecio hullafolin us, MacOw.; Garania caspitosa, Bolus ; Ericinella pusserinoides, Bolus: Orthosiphon ambiguus, Bolus; Dip- cadi, Bakerianum, Bolus; Urginea alvoides, Bolus; Herpolirion PROCEEDINGS OF SOCIETIES. 191 capense, Bolus; Gethyllis longistyla, Bolus; spp. noy.)—F. Town send, ‘On a n Er ythraa new to England’ (1 tab. E. capitata, B. pate. eta te see Journ. Bot., 1881, Rs 87).—F. Darwin, ‘ Theory of the Growth . Cuttings. _oW. Phillips, ‘ Revision of genus Vibrissea ’ (abstract Magyar Nobsesienk Lapok.—C. Demeter, On the ny se of Rosanoff in the tissue of st tetiapices —F. aarschmidt, ‘ rochytrium in Transsilvania.’— A. K init; ‘ Plante ine hucusque cognite ’ (contd. a Midland Naturalist—J. E. Bagnall, ‘ Flora of Warwickshire ’ Shey ‘ Bot. Zeitschrift—_M. Willkomm, ‘ Spanish-Portuguese Plante’ "{ anaadetiii commutatna, sp. n.)—-H. Braun, ‘ Salix Heimerli,’ n. hybr.—D. Hire, ‘ On Crocus vernus. '——M. Ga ndoger, ~* Pugillus’ (conelusion—forms of Gaudinia fragilis)—S. 8. von Miggenburg, ‘ Mycological Rose. ’"—P. G. Strobl, ‘ Flora of Etna’ (contd.) Popular Science Review.—W. 8S. Kent, ‘The Myxomycetes or rey Apa feat ; Animals or Plants ?’ (2 tab.) cottish Naturalist—J. Knox, ‘Life of George Don.’—J- > ati Gaelic po of Plants ’ (contd.) - Proceedings of Socteties. Linnean Society or Lonpon. Hig #3 21, 1881.--W. §. Dallas, Esq., F.L.S., in the chair.— . Chas. Batnanl, Jas. Bisset, Wm . Ho Imes, Dr. W. Marriott, John C. Sawer, begs S. Stubbs were severally balloted for, and elected Fellows of the Society. —The proposed Alterations of the up from the plant now called H. roseus, Thore; that name, - therefore, must fall into the category of a synonym. Torrey and Gray have gone further, and, by combining H. Moscheutos and H. — - entirely wa the name palustris. —Arthur Grote, Esq., Vice-President in the ¢ Airs Dichler, Director Ms ‘ths Botanic Garden, Berlin, was emer a Foreign Member.—There was exhibi ted for Dr. mre uln Masters a cone of Pinus Grenvillee from Mexico; a “ gnaur” from the trunk of the Cedar of Lebanon; and a series of. wall tigre 192 BOTANICAL NEWS. of Trees, chromo-lithographed by Gerald and Sohn of Vienna.— Mr. Thos. Christ drew attention to a new Indiarubber plant (Tabernemontana crassa) from West MbitaotThe foll — paper, by Dr. George Watt, was read by the Secretary, ‘ Synops s of the Indian Species of Androsace, with ‘eseriptions of some new species : n this contribution the author passes in review twenty-one species and five varieties, and m erie as novelties Andeoteee corrugata, A. Stracheyi, A. geranifolia, A. mucronifolia, and A coronata, Botantcal News. Tue death was announced last month of Dr. R. W. Fauc - Bath, the author of a ‘Catalogue of Tenby Plants,’ published 1848 ALD oa Gunn, F.R.S., died in March last, at a ereomenty Tasmania, at the age of seventy-three. To Mr. Gunn’s exertions we are largely indebted for our knowledge of the Tasmanian Flora; a notice of his travels, coupled with a en his collections and botanical attainments, will found in Sir J. D. Hooker’s ‘ Flora of Tasmania,’ p. cxxv. Dr. Anton E. Sauter died on the 6th of April at Salzburg. He was born Grossarl, in Salzburg, in 1800, and early mani- fested an interest in various branches of Natural History, more especially of Botany. Besides his work upon the Flora of Salzburg, he was the author of various botanic papers, contributed for the most part to the ‘ Flora,’ the first appearing in 1824. He had a large herbarium, estimated to contain 20,000 species. Tue extensive moss-herbarium of the late Dr. Ernst Hamre who died : at Helmstedt in November last, has been sce by the Botanical Department of the British Museum. Tue herbarium of M. Génévier, containing the types of the numerous Rubi described by him, has been added to the Herbarium of the University of Cambridge Art the Anniversary Meeting of are tae Society, on the 24th ult., Sir John Lublgek, cna elected President of the Society, and Mr. George J. Rom , ER, 8.,Z oological Secretary, The other additions ‘ ‘the Council are Mr. Alfred W. Bennett, Mr. Francis Darwin, and Prof. E. Ray Tanodad. Tab Zoek. . “4 i : ; CB Clarke del. S.N Fitch lit. West, Newmar b Co.arp Structure of Commelinacee. 193 Original Articles. NOTES ON COMMELINACEAZ By GC. B. Cuarxe, M.A., F.L.S8. (Tas. 221.) I nave lately put through the press a Monograph of the Order Commelinacea, to appear in the forthcoming volume of Messrs. DeCandolle’s ‘ Monographies :’ the present paper contains a short view of the order, and details some of the considerations which influenced me in arranging its divisions. _ 1, Commelinacee are a small order of plants closely allied to the Lilies, but differing in their unsymmetric flowers and in their seeds. The sepals are three, more or less combined; the petals three, alternate with sepals, free or combined into a tube, distinctly y: : wers are always unsymmetric ; one sepal being entirely without the other two in the bud, and one petal similarly without the other two in the bud: when the ovary appears symmetric, or enclosed by the albumen, its base being applied to the embryostega, e small circular depresso-conicoid plate which is conspicuous externally on every seed in this order; see fig. 1 a, which repre- sents a section of a seed of Patlisota ambigua through the embryo (A the hilum). . To these two definite ordinal characters, viz., the one entirely P is wholly Liliaceous. There 1s g which there is any doubt whether it sho melinacee@ or No. ues. vou. 10. [suny, 1881.) 20 194 | NOTES ON COMMELINACES, - . Linneus knew three genera of Commelinacee, viz., Commelina A Callisia with 8-2 fertile stamens, Tradescantia with 6 5 fertile stamens. As new genera were founded in the order , those having 8-2 fertile stamens were placed with Commelina, those with 6-5 tribes Co 8 the ee nt would appear ee its characters) Callisia. Callisia, smaller barren stamens are sometimes polleniferous. Pollia (with six polleniferous stamens) is so like Aclisia (with three polleniferous, three barren), that some of the species of the one cannot dis- tinguished from the corresponding species of the other but by examining the stamens ; and the two genera have been, therefore, united by Bentham he genera proposed by Hasskarl Sai has largely studied the an a are founded in the main on fruit-characters, and are eminently natural; but they include ony small Geka of species, and are Sect ith what Bentham would call sections, or perhaps subsections ; ; nor, so far as I am aware, oo A gee put i fruit-characters I should by no means avoid exceptions and anomalies. Of this, one striking example occurs in Tinantia. All the true Tradescantias have two ovules (and normally two seeds) in each cell; Scheidweiler founded Tinantia (T. fugax) on the old Tradecantia erecta, which has a peculiar inflorescence, and thr (or more) ovules in each cell. The genus, so far, appears good and well limite ut there is a species (Tinantia Sprucei, C. B. Clarke) which ‘ee the inflorescence and habit exactly of Ti — Jugax, but the ovules are in none _ the examples more than tw in one cell. This species must, as Bentham has noted, be lua with Tinantia fugax, whether that fe retained as a genus or ap- pended (as in Kunth) as an anomalous section to Tradescantia. But, whatever be done with these plants, they will spoil any neat : up generic names and widening very much their characters. rie one of these plans would lead to confusion, and w ould, moreover, afflict nearly half the well-known species of the order with novel names. And when this had all been endured, I found that the NOTES ON COMMELINACES. 195 linear sequence of the genera would not be nore natural, nor the exceptions fewer than on the old plan. I have therefore adopted the two old tribes Commelinee and acne ae? but I have taken dehiscent fruit. 8. The tribes and genera then stand as under :— Trrevs I. POLLIEA.—Fruit indehiscent; crustaceous or baccate. 1. Porria.—Panicle without folded bracts. Stamens six, all fertile, or three (terminated by gland-like anthers) barren. Leaf- margins glabrous or crispedly pubescent. Species 14, Old World. 2. Patisota.—Panicle without folded bracts. Stamens three fertile, 8-2 sterile terminated by bundles of hairs. Leaf-margins si ig Species 8, Africa. . Pumospnerton.—Inflorescence of 1-2 small racemes almos wxistone within a folded bract (as in Commelina). Barren st ce 2-8, with hastate triangular anthers. Sp ecies 4, America Trisus Il, COMMELINEA.—Capsule 2-8-valved. Fertile stamens 3-2. * Stamen next the outer ie Dysart cells of the fertile anthers aight eee of 1-2 small racemes, almost enclosed within a folded or hooded ‘ests Barren stamens 2-3, we cruciform anthers. sate 88, in both rasa sate PonysparHa.—Inflorescence of small racem almost en- ion within folded cats, which bracts are oe along the branches ahs a a Species 1, Africa 6. ANE —F lowers ponies | = clustered, without folded bracts. species 57, in both hemisp. ** Stamen next the “ ee Pe et cl of the fertile anthers like cor 7. CoonLiosTEMA. — eee as a. Species 1, Eeuador, Trievs III. TRADESCANTIEA. en phage 2-8-valved. Fertile A. e pea er . Burorrestra.—Capsule 3- see with 4 cl. prea 4, _ and Guian celle ee with two ovules in each cell. . For Tedaeseanan ‘subeapitate, evita through the sheath of the leaf. Petals separate. Species 6, Asia. oigoTRYPE.—Capsule 8-celled, with 2-1 seeds in each C cell. “Triflosensenies: dense, splitting the leaf- an Corolla-tube linear. Species 3, Africa. -10 seeds in each 196 NOTES ON COMMELINACES. Cyanotis.—Capsule 8-celled. Seeds two in each cell, - vertically superimposed, truncated along their plane of contact, each carrying its erecta to the end sini from this flattened plane. Species 12. Srreprozmron.—Capsule 38-celled, with two seeds in each cell. An exten oe twiner, with long- petioled cordate-ovate leaves. _ : es, —Capsule 8-celled, with two seeds in each cell. ree , with rigid-linear leaves. Flowers spicate. Filaments short. igen 5, pons oy . Froscopa.—Capsule 2-celled, with one —— in each cell. Racemes eacaiigt Spociis 11, in both hemisphere B. American genera (see also Floscopa and pera: * Petals separate or nearly so. + Cells of the ovary 8-5-ovulate (in the anomalous species of Tinantia 2-ovulate). 15. Pyrruema.—Densely rusty hirsute. Capsule papery. Species 1. 16. Dicnortsanpra.—Anther dehiscing by xe apical pores. Fruit bivalved: seeds immersed in pulp. Species 27. 17. Trvantta.—Pedunele solitary terminal, “dividing into two r three cased Boopeing umbellate. Capsule membranous, sant Speci - Cells of the ovary 2-ovulate. 18. TrapEscantia.—Umbels simple or compound. Species 82. 19. Caxuista.-—Stamens 8-1 fertile, none sterile or rudimentary. Species 4. 20. Sprronema. Meets A: te dense, scattered sessile in a lax panicle. Specie . Campr a tispale in fruit succulent, enclosing the thin gaee's Pas oe i. Savv. —Small. ibe eee subincluded within folded Conidae like bracts. Speci ttt Cells of the ovary 1-ovulate. 23. Ramo. Tit ih in dense umbels, enclosed within boat-like bracts. Species : 24, Lavronexo —Flowers loosely panicled. Bracts small. pecies ** Petals united into a linear tube. 25. Zevrwa.—Flowers subsessile between the two uppermost leaves of the branches. Species Pilots Se oe .—F lowers seiatlo axillary, splitting the leaf- 307 species ; whereof only three, viz., Commelina nudiflora, C. alata and Aneilema ovato- -oblongum are found in both hemi- spheres. The species are mainly tropical; Commelina communis NOTES ON COMMELINACEX. 197 extends north to Amurland, and Tradescantia virginica to Lake Wisconsin. Several species reach southwards to Monte Video and the Cape of Good Hope; in Australia they are hardly found so far from the tropic. e arrangement of stamens in the genus Commelina is repre- sented diagrammatically in fig. 8; the whorls are regularly placed, the three of the outer whorl opposite the sepals, the three of the inner whorl opposite the petals; two stamens of the outer, one of the inner whorl being fertile ; the fertile stamen of the inner whorl d others; the barren stamen of the outer whorl (next the outer sepal) any he stamens throughout the order follow this arrangement ; the first stamen to become sterile and to disappear being that a figured by Wight alternate with the sterile, and I have copied some of his figures in my ‘ Commelinacee Bengalenses but Bentham has The stamens in Aneilema are really as in Commelina, but by a displacement of the whorls the two fertile ones (which are really next the two inner sepals) are declinated so as to appear opposite the two inner petals. But Cochliostema is a remarkable exception, as shown in fig. 2; it has those stamens fertile which in Commelina are sterile, and those sterile which are in Commelina fertile. Cochliostema, so far as its stamens are concerned, stands in the same relation to other Commelinacee that Cypripedium does to other Orchids; but Cochlio- stema has other strongly distinctive characters. In the Com- ith each cell of the ovary, these are arranged vertically on two placental nearly coincident lines at the inner angle of the cell; in many cases the ovules are evidently one ce Sect: Dichaspermum seen fromwithout. Dichespermwn, founde on i ed genus distinct from both fully represented among the Aneilemas with 1-ranked seeds. * aracter ‘* Dich 198 NOTES ON COMMELINACE. ranks of seeds with no septum between them. I find (not rarely) in herbaria Aneilemas with 1-ranked seeds named Dichespermum by experienced botanists, I presume misled in this way. The seeds in all these cases have the embryostegas on their backs, with the embryo either transverse or opposite to the hilum ; e embryostega is, as regards the axis of the capsule, lateral, as it is in genera of Commelinacee, except one, viz., Cyanotis. The hila lateral as usually; but the upper seed has its embryostega toward apex of the stele the lower seed has its embryostega towards the base of the , as represented in fig. 5, which re- eect & Séttienl janie: netst gh the seeds of one cell of a capsule of Cyanotis. R. Brown fixed on ‘this as the distinguishing mark of the genus ; " but it seems to have been _— lost sight of since day; so that, while new genera have n proposed for very seainaer specie s of Cyanotis, even Dr. Hasskerl remains in doubt whether some of the Malayan Cyanotis may not be Saber i R ) species in Cyanotis, all the New World in Tradescantia, and is simple definite mark which divides out a large mass of apeteel according to their true natural affinit Several of the American genera of Tradescantiee are very closely allied; but ironema and Tinantia, which e tle from Peuieiush in hainokats differ considerably in habit. 6 would, perhaps, have been better if Callisia had never been generically from pperesomaig but it is an old genus aecsetel by Linneus and every o The fruit of read: rene not hitherto known, and of the genera Cochliostema and Pyrrheima, was obtained for me b E. Brown, who succeeded in artificially fertilising the — in the Kew Conservatories which in previous years set no frui 4. As to the subdivision of the ee BO In Commelina the dorsal cell of the ovary has one ovule only, or is suppressed, the two ventral cells rays either two ovules each or one each; this character i is, as far as I know, absolute for each species, 7. ¢., among the species which have one ovule only in — ventral cell, I have never ik with a single case where two ovules i. Br cies. In 5 o large a genus ae ate eae pokiehe. A consider it convenient to establish Monoon as a new genus; but, though it may be distinguished from Comunatins by a single absolute character, the habit is identical, and the three sections of Commelina (Did ymoon) ge represented by three sections of Monoon. These sections are grounded on the Be ee tt re- duction of the dorsal cell of the capi ule; in the first section it dehisces loculicidally like the two other cells; in oe paced cpt ies NOTES ON COMMELINACES. 199 it is indehiscent, often smaller than the others; in the third sec- tion it is altogether suppressed, or occasionally present in a reduced barren form. Some of the species with 2-celled capsules may possibly prove only varieties of corresponding species, with 3-cell capsules as Bentham suspects, which is an additional ground for not adopting some genera of Hasskarl that differ only in the number of the cells being two or three Tricarpellaria, having the capsule equally 3-celled, Dicarpellaria having the capsule 2-celled, the third dorsal cell being occasional one flower I have seen the connective in one narrow, in another very wide, in the third intermediate. 5. As regards specific characters there is little to be said peculiar to this order. I cannot distinguish the species by eye myself, nor do I believe that Mr. Bentham himself can (at all safely); Wallich has pasted down nine species (belonging to three genera) under Commelina communis, Linn., Wall. Cat., 8978 (no one of the nine is, however, Commelina commums, Linn.) On the 8 sometimes very hairy viscid, has sometimes solitary, generally agglomerated spathes ; yet Hook. f. and T. Thoms., and, 1 believe, all the Bengal botanists, are agreed that the whole series makes up but one species. < Co : I am therefore very little satisfied by the genus Dichorisandra, in 200 NOTES ON COMMELINACES, which some thirty species have been age on slight differences in the shape and hairiness of the leaves, n the pubescence of the sepals, and in the length of the panicle. T doubt if there are many _— in the genus. ave only been able to examine the a few cases, but it seems to me not likely that any good spec ats “dist inctions will be got out of the fruit. The primary division of this genus om been into (2) with six —— (b) with it that five stamens, but then it is admitted the mo seats 6-stamened species (D. eden} has eat only yet mens. As to the distinction between terminal and radical infloresoonce the typical species D. radicalis sometimes produc ces a term panicle; while several of the oe fm icled species ane branches boring through the base of one of the lower leaf- sheaths. on few, or even a single herbarium example: not knowing this genus in the field, - i as regards the species been able to do little more ~— my predecessors, reducing a few where the materi plentifal, or sera the species appear to have been founded os "identically ¢ the same thing. In species-making I have endeavoured to hit a an I have made somewhat more than entham, a good many less than Hasskarl, makes out of the same material. Of the 807 a came pen Ty seventy-one are described for the first time; these are y from the Tropical African collections of Mann, Schweitifaith, ee Welwitsch. Many of the othe ave new names, or — in novel dress ; i learnt from Mr. Baker that Dracena triandra, Afzel., is a Palisota; and from M. DeCandolle that Polygala sinibaeds Poir. ., is a Floscopa. 6. Besides the new nee described, there are several remark- able new species referred to ; melina huillensis, Welw. MS., temless species, with numerous large azure flowers ; and Welwitsch collected two other striking species allied to this in Angola also Aneilema sepalosum, sent from Ukamba in Africa by Hildebrandt, is a scapose a allied perhaps to Sicdanaio of Royle, but has e sepals 3 in. neilema janes described originally by Hasskarl as Diche- spermum giganteum, supposed a Smilacina by pee — to bea Euaneilema » bu wit a capsule more than 3 in oR ERO minuta grows in tufts, the stems 1-2 in. high ; Se nin by Uhde in Mexico; a single sheet in the Berlin 7. For the preparation of the monograph of this order, I was able to e Rocks, Hagger ; Braadiall; near Derby, Whittaker; common Burton-on-Trent, Harris. 212 THE FLORA OF DERBYSHIRE. R. sceleratus, Linn. IV. Common about Burton-on- -Trent, Harris ; Borrow sh Railway Station ! R. Flammula, Linn, Boggy places, common . auricomus, Linn. IV. Common about Derby. baa = ail ai ~ Ba 5 “| a s B 5 ° =) . Ficaria, Lin oan palustris, Linn. ve com Trollius europeus, Linn. I. Chee "Tor and ae aaa Rocks, Purchas; between es 8 mc and Litton, Hann Helleborus viridis, Lin I. Wormhill, Buxton, Wost: near Dove Dale, Searle; Lathkill “Dale Whitelegg. 2 Near Codnor Park, Smith. IV. Plantation at Drakelowe, Harri A, fetidus, Linn. co — aa Whittaker Bakewell, Smith. ig Sk vulgaris, L . Monsal Dale, Whitelegg ; Cressbrook Dale! Bakewell, Smith. Ty. Baioee Harris; Willington, Hagger. ris vulgaris, Lim. IV. Mor rley-near-the-Church and -Boulton- ee ee Church, Whittaker ; occasional near Burton-on- . Nuphar Taiea: Sm. IV. River Trent, Harris; Swarkestone Bridget Papaver Rheas, Linn. IV. Linton and Cauldwell, Harris; about Derby ! P. dubium, Linn.; Lamottei, Bor. I. ee Se mie Baslow, Bailey. IV. Linto n and Cauldwell, Harris; Repton P. Argemone, Linn. IV. Morley, Whittaker Benin: Playne ; Linton and Cauldwell, Harris Chelidonium majus, Linn. I. Over Haddon, Bailey ; Matlock Bath! IV. Common about Burton-on-Trent, Harris; Stenson, near Derby! Corydalis lutea, DC. I. Wormhill, West; Crich, Whitelegg ; Matlock Bath! C, elaviculata, DC. I. a pc — IV. Morley Moor! ‘umaria officinalis, Linn. Com Raphanus Raphanistrum, Linn, AV. "Stapenhill, Harris. Sinapis arvensis, Linn. Commo Brassica Rapa, Linn. ; stevia: Linn. I. Dove Dale! IV. Morley! Sis se officinale, Scop. Common. S. Alliaria, Scop. Common Hesperis matronalis, ec I. Miller’s Dale, Whitelegy. Cardamine amara, Linn. . Via sory IV. Common, Burton- on-Trent, Harris; Breads! Kedlest n! C. pratensis, Linn om = yeh Boer Common sylvat Link: I; Stirrup Wood, Pete Whitelegy. iv: ? eon 08 -on- Pronk. Harris; Mackworth, near Der C. impatiens, Linn. I. Chee Dale, West; Lathkill Dale, Bailey ; Matlock Bath, Smith; Via Gellia! Dove Dale! IV. Bretby, Harris. {HE FLORA OF DERBYSHIRE. 218 Arabis thaliana, Linn. Com A, perfoliata, Lam. IV. Desked owe, Harri hirsuta, Brom. " Common on limestone ai Barbarea vulgaris, Br. Seon Nasturtium officinalis, Br. Com N. sylvestre, Br. IV. Old bed of yen Derby N. mages Br. IV. R. Trent, Stapenhill, Vion ris; old bed of Derwent, Rahiewia oficinalis, Linn. I. Wirksworth, Harris; Winuatis, Castleton ! C. alpina, Watson. I. peat Peak Forest and Castleton, West. Draba verna, Linn. D. muralis, Linn. i. Miller's 5 De le, West; near Lathkill Dale, Whiteley gg; Hartington, Pur ae Matlock Bath, Rowlands ; Via Gellia, near Matlock Bath! D. incana, Linn. I. Miller’s Dale, Bailey ; Monk’s Dale, West ; Monsal Dale! Thlaspi arvense, Linn. IV. Stapenhill, Harris. + —_— e, Linn. I. Matlock, Smith. Jord. Youlgreave, 4. S. Ley; Heights of Fae ‘Maioek k Bath, Bam ; Wirksworth, "Whitelegg ; ; Via Gellia, near Matlock Bath Teri amara, Linn. 4 Railway embankment, Monsal Dale, Bailey. Hiutohinsia petraa, Br. I. Miller's Dale, Whitelegg; Chee Dale, West; Dove Dale, Harris; beneath railway vi viaduct, Monsal Dale! Cap sella Bursa-pastoris, Mench. Commo Sen ae Coronopus, Poir. IV. Burton-on- Trent, Reseda Luteola, Linn. I. Matlock oa Hannan. AW. P tclky Harris; Old Quarry, Stanton-by-Bridge Helianthemun vip e, Gaert, I. ee mon on limestone hills! Viola palustris, Linn. I. Axe Edge, West. IV. Allersley Park, near pally: ; Horsley Car, Whittaker ; Repton Rocks, Playne. V. odorata, Linn. IV. Morley, near pe Whittaker ; common about Burton-on-Trent, Harris. Var. alba. . Morley, near set Whittaker ; Repton, Hagger; Bu SE ON Harris. V. hirta, Linn. I. Cromford, Harris; Monsal Dale ! = syleatica Fries; var. Riviniana, Reich. IV. Ockbrook, near Derby ! V. canina, Auct. IY. por ee V. tricolor, Linn. Com V. lutea, Huds. I. Wardlow Hay Cop, nk Mam Tor and Peak Forest, West; Matlock Bath, Smith; Wirksworth, Harris; Chelmorton Low, near Buxton, and Via Ge llia, Matlock Bath! Var. amena. I. M filler’s Dale, Whitelegg ; Wirksworth Harris Polygala wl gariss Linn. Heaths . , Reich. I, Miller’s tale. Whitelegy. Dianthus deltoides, Linn. I. nog near Newhaven, Bailey. Sile me — Sm. I. Monsal Dale! Ashford-i in the- Water ! a" S 8 —~ 'sS oe = ~ 214 THE FLORA OF DERBYSHIRE. S. nutans, Linn. I. Monsal Dale, Bailey; Miller’s Dale, West; Bakewell, Harris; Dove Dale ! S. noctiflora, Linn. IV. norm omg Cauldwell, Harris. Lychnis vespertina, Sibth. L. di Sibt. ae mmon. : ; Com L. Githiwo, Desf. “Ty. Meio: aang: Repton, Hagger; near Burton-on-Trent, Harris; Oc ni erastium semidecandrum, Linn. I. sal Dale, Biles: Matlock Bath, West. IV. Near Burton-on- ‘Trent, Harr C. glomeratum, Thuill. Common. C. triviale, Link. Common. Stellaria — Scop. IV. — Solney, Harris; Chad- desden and Osmaston, near Derby soreriai: Ee I. Wood 4 Mellor, Wild. . gram inn. mmon. S. uliginosa, Mirr. Common in se places. Arenaria trinervia, Linn. Common on banks. : sapien Linn. Common rails a, Bartl. I. Peak Forest, West; Youlgreave, a Orointond ane ‘Matlock ii Harris ; Castleton ! Via Gellia A, tenuifolia, Crantz. I. Miller’s Dale, Bailey. Sagina apetala, Linn. I. Dove ‘Dale, Purchas, IV. Ticknall ctetead ied Knowle Hills, Hagger; Repton 8 WN riee, ok Dove Dale, Purchas ; ' Whatetanawell on Linn. Com 8. ene baat cS any: ‘Whitelegg; Buxton! IV. Repton Rocks, Harris. Perini arvensis, Linn. n. Spergularia rubra, Fenzl. oe Paalw: Batley. IV. Repton, isi Scleranthus annuus, Linn. III. Ticknall, Harris; Repton Rocks, Hagger; Breadsall Moor, near Derby! Montia fontana, Linn. I. Charlesworth Coombs, Hannan; Man- chester Road, Buxton! IV. Cauldwell, Harris; Ripton Rocks, Hagger. Cla i atoaed alsinoides, Linn. I. Near B akewell, um perforatum, Linn. I. Buxton, ‘Hae: : Matlock Bath, creed Dove Dale! IV. Common! H. tetrapterum, Fries. I. Dove Dale. IV. Repton H. humifusum, Linn. I. Ashford-in-the-Water, Pilg Edensor, Wild. ; Hadfield and Glossop, Hannan; Dove Dale! IV. Common’ about Burton- on-Trent, Harris. . I. Mellor, Hannan; Dove Dale! Miller's Dale! vv. nasa about Burton-on-Trent, Harris. H. hirsutum, Linn. I. Ashford-in-the- Water, Bailey; Lover's Leap, Buxton ! Dove Dale! . montanum, Linn. L Miller’s Dale; Crich, seh le; between Buxton and Bakewell, Smith; Wormhill; Monsal Dale, West ; Winshill, Harris! Dove Dale! THE FLORA OF DERBYSHIRE. 215 Malva moschata, Linn. I. Hassop, Bailey ; Matlock, West; Dove Dale! IV. Duffield! M. sylvestris, Linn. LI. Seip Whitelegg. IV. Common about Burton-on-Trent, Harris; Swarkeston M. rotundifolia, Linn. I. ‘Miller s Dale, Y hielets Thorpe Cloud, Dove Dale! IV. Willington, ee Repto Linwn apelosirags ag Comm Geranium sanguineum, Linn. be Milier’s Dale, Harris ; Monk's Dale, West ; Geesabrook Dale, ge um, Linn. ns Sas ees Whittaker. G. pratense, Linn. G, pyrenaicum, Linn. i ges Bailey. G. molle, Linn. Common. G. dissectum, Linn. Com G. columbinum, Linn. I. ‘Miller's Dale, Bailey; Dove Dale! lucidum, ae I. Miller’s Dale, Bailey; Dove Dale! IV. Bretby, Har G. Robertia Sa. ‘Linn Common. Erodium cicutarium, L Herit. IV. Foremark, Harris; Stanton- by-Bridge Oxalis Acetosella, Linn. Common. agrees parviflora, see 8 ‘Matlock Bath, Searle. IV. Ock- brook, S Ilex seen Linn. Common Euonymus europeus, Linn. if Miller’s Dale; Cressbrook Dale, Whitelegg. IV. Winshill, Harris Rhamnus catharticus, Linn. I. Monk’s Dale and Matlock, West; Miller’s Dale, Bailey; Cressbrook Dale, Whiteleyg; Dove Dale, Purchas. IV. Breadsall, Whittaker R. Fr Rigo eats IV. Horsley Car, near Derby, Whittaker ; ecco inaole wo Ace aaa ug I. Ashford Dale, Whitelegg ; Miller’s Dale, Wild; Dove Dale ! Og ene about Burton-on-Trent, Harris. ropeus, Lin U. Gallii, Pah. i “Govt! 8 ; Badee, Buxton! IV. Gresley, Harris. Genista tinctoria, Linn. I. — Bath, Bailey. IV. Ock- brook, Smith ; Burton-on-Trent, Ha Sarothamnus scopartus, Koch. Heaths, common. Ononis spinosa, inn, IV. Normanton-by-Derby 0. areca Auct. I. Passing into spinosa, iad Bailey ; common about Derby ! Anthyllis Jose et Linn. I. Miller’s Dale, West; Dove Dale! IV. Measham, Harris Medicago lupulina, Linn. Com Melilotus officinalis, Willd. lV. pe Harris; Nottingham Road Railway Station, Derby! Challaston ! Trifolium pratense, Linn. ommon. Var. sativum, Syme. I. Miller’s Dale, ea IV. Burton-on-Trent, T. medium, Linn. ston; = IV Ockbrook, oe 216 THE FLORA OF DERBYSHIRE. T. striatum, Linn. I. Monsal Dale, Whitelegg; Miller’s Dale, Bailey. IV. Drakelowe, Harris. ; mmon. procumbens, Linn. I. Turnditch! Dove Dale! IV. Burton- T. minus, Relhan n. IV. Burton-on-Trent, Harris; Rept a. y dbiag Linn. I. Miller’s Dale, Wild. IV. ct Aerie on- Trent, H. Lotus cormioulatas, Linn. Common. L. nam, Scop. 1 Dove Dale; IV. Burton-on-Trent, Harris; eit Moor? stele aaa comosa, Linn. I, Dove Dale ! Vicia hirsuta, Koch. I. Miller ee West. IV. Drakelowe, Harris ; ssppoowe n and Morley, near Dar rasperma, Monch. I. Miller’s Dale, Wild; IV. Drake- lowe, Ppa Repton, FT ahr V. Cracea, Linn. Common. hopus Fait apbe Linn. IV. Cauldwell, Harris; Morley n ! V. sylvatica, Linn. I. ssbrook Dale, Bailey ; ; Lathkill Dale, mCP he Mack Bath, Ashbourne Smith, Ys Comm & catia, tae om ehh ¥. angustifolia, Roth. I. Turnditch! IV. Gresley, Harris. (To be continued), GENERIS CORNI SPECIES DUAS NOVAS CHINENSES, proponit Henr, F. Hancr, Pu.D. 40 4. Conte (Thelycrania) crispuLa, sp. nov. — Arbuscula cortice nigricante, ramis oppositis obseure angilatia, foliis oppositis tenuiter papyraceis ovato- ellipticis margine crispulo-undulatis basi obtectis costulis utrinque 5 Se inclusis) tenuibus subtus tum prominulis percursis 2-834 p longis 1-14 poll. latis petiolo 4-15 lineali, cymis cnalt:favia pauls effusis convexis 2-24 poll. gpa calycis tubo cano-sericeo dentibus brevissimis acutis capulatum undulatum pilosulum haud superantibus, petalie obidngis acutis, stylo cylindraceo stigmate capitato coronato. collinis circa Chin-Kiang, prov. Kiang-su, ineunte Aprili 1880 coll, Bullock. (Herb. propr. n. 21182.) Ue 2, _Cornus (Thelycrania) pavcrnervis, sp. — Frutex 5-6 pedalis cortice rufo-brunneo, ramis oppositis cinta, ulatis, foliis aed acutis supra cis pilis minutis adpressis consitis subtus idis pilis bipartitis pret es oculo tantum armato perspiciendis SHORT NOTES. 217 Juxta ine Liu-chau- fa,. prov. Kwang-si, d. 19. co. : 1879 coll. W. Mesny; circa Ichang, prov. Hu- peh, m. Junio 1880 inyenit T. Watters. (Herb. propr. n. 21287. Species duas supra descriptas cum plerisque e civitatibus foederatis Americe septentrionalis comparavi, necnon cum asiaticis C. alba, Linn. i betes? et OC. brachypoda, M. (Nagasaki, Oldham 467!), uibus semen abhorr ent; C. australe, Cc. A. M. nondum “idl. Prio panic nie Lhér. proxime affinis, differt foliis majoribus, iaGoribas, ovato-ellipticis, ‘diff subtus haud tuberculatis, longius petiolatis, cymis laxi canteen cet ; osterior foliis rigidis, paucicostulatis, presertim insign asperifolia, Mx. accedit. SHORT NOTES. —In a pact of Woodcote Heath, near Cota ing, in "the above county, I one nearing Goring was nearly full of Potamogeton serratus, one or two of the = plants, however, showing faintly crisped - leaves.—G. C. Dru GNapHALIuM priorcuM IN CoRNWALL. ae is an extremely rare and local plant in East Cornwall. I came across a patch of it with about eighteen flower-stalks ee “pes on May 30 The station is near the 200 yards’ firing pomt of e Bodmin Rifl the annual prize shooting of the volunteers was going on at t ime. This I believe to be the SS notice : he for the ‘istrict, wit ti it is the only station known to me.— Borrycuium Lunaria IN SHROPSHIRE. —There are so few records of the occurrence of Boykin pom locality is worthy of notice. In my lis e ‘ 218 NOTICES OF BOOKS AND MEMOIRS. Montford and the village of Ford. I have now to add the sixth locality, having quite recently seen it growing in Petton Park, the seat of W. Sparling, Esq., in considerable quantity. It may be that its small size, and the readiness with which it is eaten by sheep and cattle, may account for it not being more frequently detected.— Winu1am ~Patuxirs. Notices of Books and Memoirs. Peruvian Bark ; a popular account of the introduction of Chinchona cultivation into British India, ts R. Marxnam, .B., F.R.S. 1860—1880. With maps and illustrations. London: John Murray. 1880. 8vo, pp. xxiii., 550. Tuts thick octavo volume is divided into two Parts and an Appendix :—Part I. Collection of Chinchona plants and seeds in mission with which they were charged. Mr. Markham’s appoint-. sit amely accuracy, it is not remarkable that other faults should occur. e list is far from complete, and a little additional trouble would have added much to it. For example :— ‘Royle, Dr. Forbes, M.D., a Manual of Materia medica and Therapeutics. Article ‘ Chinchona.’ (London, 1847, 8vo. NOTICES OF BOOKS AND MEMOIRS. 219. 2nd ed. 1858. 8rd ed. 1856. American ed. by J. Carson, M.D. » Philadelphia, ti The Chinchona article was printed separately.” supply the o oneal ‘information that eds. 4 and 5 were sad in “1864 teh 1865) and 1868 respectively, and treat of the article Cinch Some medical authors, like the foregoing, have double ekvers paid to them ; and some, like ‘* Lindley, J.” ( ise ** Hndlicher, Stephen. “Genera plantarum secundum ordines naturales deposita. (Vindobone, 1836—48).’ There being no reference to the particular page containing the description of the genus Cinchona, the unyersed reader might con- ude that that genus was s continued through the entire work, ree is specifically cqiotet on. page 12; we may here ome ou how clearly Cinhona in this edition is a press error, by mentioning that it is pepe spelled Cinchona in the Index, and attention called to n the Errata... Another cause for surprise is that the treatise ‘“ De Cortice peruviano,” which is printed in the ‘ Ameni- tates academice,’ and speaks of the Viceroy as ‘‘ Comés del Chinchon,” does not figure in the Bibliography. “ Aimé-Bonpland” would mislead those who did not know Bonpland’s Christian name was Aimé. ‘‘ Lambert-Aylmer, Bourke,” is another blunder (p. 508), and emphasised by repetition on the next age. “ Miquel, Friederich Anto n Wilhelm” is decidedly faulty, for his one work quoted bears his name in a Latinised form, whilst his native names were Dutch, not German; a little of been out of place here. ‘“ Pavon; Don José” (p. 510), like the rest of the Spanish ee is eraced with his title of honour, but ‘* Humboldt, Albr. v appears untitled. e have alr nae co ommented on such double oe as = Malas on, Dr. D., M.D.” e entry ‘“ Graf.— Die er- rinden, 1824,” which looks wospiginuely like a cutting from an agg book catalogue, is ee! a mistake of a title for a name, but merely sion ‘“‘ Graf (Sigmund), tie Fieberrinden in peeeniene Ciganan ig und Abdoe peugwers Beziehung dargestellt. Wien, 8vo of the headings are open to Augean De Ta "Chatiamniti is ssstenbts styled say Condamine, and so for s now on Mr. Markham’s 1 eee contention for Chinchona versus Ceathoais We notice that an argument formerly 220 NOTICES OF BOOKS AND MEMOIRS. employed is now ssa abandoned, namely, that cinchén, meaning a broa e, me in use ee es a policeman’s belt rather than a obi. ee If that ment were worth anything, we should be compelled to nek the majority of generic names forthwith ; for instance, Adoaa, besides the original meaning of the hon author’s pemeent error seems to arise from the fact that his attention in Botany has been solely devoted to one bec scientific world; therefore, not even ie ae or is at liberty to alter the name bestow ed by himself, or, in ed words, to mutilate that which belongs to the commonwealth. arkham, we fear, is wilfully blind to the utter confusion bievHinhle were his plea for tinkering names seriously yang ed. Commemorative designa- tions can rarely be more than approximations to the names of persons they are Oabssdad to honour. us, Goodenia, Sm., named after Samuel Goodenough, and Gundelia, ae fs Andreas Gundelsheimer; and, more striking still, Desfontainea, & Payv., Desfontainesia, Hofimansegg Bill and Louichea, L’Hér., are all derived from Réné Louiche Desfon- taines. These examples are eaonek to demonstrate how utterly foolish any attempt would be to alter these names for Mr. Mark- ham’s reasons. A reviewer in a contemporary, apparently deriving his know- ledge of the age Sey from the volume ssgpiir e us, for ie uses its very words, oracula ye declares that t enus ought to be Had this ot = oa s ~~ Ss 2. Es 7. > eee ord they, while living, so pried cate oppos Rabenhorst’s Kryptogamen-Flora von Deutschland, i goa une der Schweiz. Erster Band: .Pilze. Von Dr. G. Winter: 1&2 ar 1881, (Kummer, Leipzig). Since the first edition of this book was published, in 1844, the peo of | Cryptogamic mehr has advanced so far that to bring out a new edition of it now is in effect to write a new book. The first two fash of the first vuliis (devoted to Fungi) have been issued by Dr. G. Winter. It is especially in this branch of the study that **The Atheneum,’ January 30th, 1875, pp. 162, 163, NOTICES OF BOOKS AND MEMOIRS. 921 the advance in our knowledge has taken place. The orders treated of are the Schizomycetes, Saccharomycetes, Basidiomycetes (fam. cence roots =e Ustilaginee), and the Uredinee. Dr. Winter the occasion to criticise it; "but ‘is difficult t o pass a souk expressions as ‘‘the yet open tad of the ore of the et ” without a strong desire to do so. However, for such n as the sinking of the genera Mcidium, Ure is. ¢., one scamict but “foal erateful. There is a useful introduction to the study of Fungi, in which there is an unfortunate chapter on the preservation and the “oe ation of Fungi for examination. Ann. des Sc. Nat. (Botanique), sér. Vi. Le ae [dated evince —E. Bescherelle, ‘ Bryological Flora of Reunion’ (concluded).— Maquenne, ‘ ears on the ¢ iffusion, absorption, and veel of heat by leaves.’— E. Prillieux, ‘ Alterations produced in Plants by colkiva soot in an over- -heated Soil’ ee eee Sagot, ‘ Cata- logue of French Guiana Plants (t. x s.1& 2). —L. Olivier, ‘Researches on the tegumentary case of Roots’ (8 plates). Botanical Gazette-—J. T. Rothrock, ‘Modes of Work in Prof. de Bary’s Laboratory’ (continued). — —T. 0. Porter, ‘ Audibertia Vaseyi, sp.n.’—W. K. Higley, ‘ Experiments on Car nivorous bod Hares, — M. E. Banning, ‘ Ma ryland vie écantittned).— B ils sson, Potent Fragariastrum —F. Behn, ‘ esearches on ‘the Flora of Jemtland.’—C. phere ‘ Journey in Lappmark in 1880.’ Bulletin of Torrey Bot. Club.— C. H. Peck, ‘Two new Fungi:’ Ascomycetella (gen. a quercine, Polyporus (Merisma) lactifiuus. —J. B. Ellis _ W. Harkness, ‘New North American (contd.) : Spharonema pat ath Sporodesmium Ranii, M, ytilinidion ss ary Spheria consociata.—J. C. Arthur, ‘ The Lapham Her- ——G. Hespell, ‘Preparation of Pileate Fungi for Herbarium “Midland Naturalist —J. E. Bagnall, ‘Flora of Warwickshire’ td.) (con (Esterr. Bot. Zeitschrift. one IG Vi — ‘ Orchis Braunii (lati- Folia wiicutlita}? —H. Steininger, ‘ Flora the Bodenweis.’— H. v, Borbis, ‘On Plants with cacally verticillate leaves,’— 222, PROCEEDINGS OF SOCIETIES. B. Blockie, ‘ Remarks on some Plants of Schur’s ‘ Herbarium Trans- silvanicum.’— P. Sintenis, ‘Cyprus and its Flora.’ P. G. Strobl, ‘Flora of Etna’ (contd.) Proceedings of Socteties. Linnean Socrety or Lonpon. twelvemonths having been invested in consols. _ the bankers at the end of the financial year (80th April) was £532 Os. 10d., and at the bankers and on hand at this date (24th peed £604 15s. 10d. The annual contributions amounted to donation of £50 had been made by Mr. G. Bentham.— Secretary (Mr. B. Daydon Jackson) then read his Report. Since the last anniversary eleven Fellows of the Society had died, and four had withdrawn. Against this thirty-seven new Fellows and of Sir J. Banks’s library. The Society’s collections and herbaria had been duly examined and reported on to the council as in good condition. After a service of fifty years, Mr. Kippist had resigned his position as Librarian to the Society, and the council, in acknow- ledgment thereof, had granted him a retiring pension.—Mr. Baker, in the name of Mr. J, W. Miers, then presented to the Society a BOTANICAL NEWS. 228 portrait of his father, the late John Miers, as a memento of his connection therewith—Prof. Allman then delivered his anni- ~ versary address, the subject chosen being “ Recent advances in our Knowledge of the Development of the Ctenophora.’’—The Secretary afterwards read obituary notices of the several Fellows who had died during the year, making special mention of the life and labours of Mr. E. R. Alston, the late Zoological Secretary ; Mr. John pee the ornithologist; Mr. Gerard Krefft, of Sydney; Dr. W. Lau uder Lindsa ay, and Mr. R. A. Pryor, of Baldock, Herts.—The scrutineers, having examined the ballot, then reported that, by a majority of those present, Mr. Alfred W. Bennett, Mr. Francis Darwin, Prof. E. R. Lankester, Sir John Lubbock, and Mr. Geo. J. Romanes, had been elected into the Mr. F. Currey re-elected Treasurer, Mr. B. Daydon Jackson re- elected Botanical Secretary, and Mr. G. J. Romanes was elected Zoological Secretary Jun ages Lubbock, Bart., F.R.8., President, in the chair. Me. ie Somerville, Capt. 7 5 Wrig t, and John “Forrest, the Australian explorer, were elected Fellows of the Society —The Secretary read a portion of a letter addressed to illiam Fe im by Mr. William Ferguson, of Colombo, in eae he men- tioned his having found Wolfia arrhiza, Wim abundance in an abandoned stone quarry, covering the ae of the water ; and that in a recent trip to the Kandyan country he had also dis- covered Adiantum athiopicum, Linn., both these plants being new to Ceylon.—Mr. J. G. Baker exhibited and called the attention of the fore, be alluded to as one of the oldest and yet newest of plants.— Surgeon-Major Aitchison then read a communication ‘On the Flora of the Kuram Valley, pe Part IT.; he showed by a map the peculiarities and nature of the valley s and mountain the oa course of the River Ninda, an affluent of the Zambesi, on the west side of the high plateau. Botanical News. Ernst Hampz, who died on the 28rd November, 1880, at Helmstedt, Hanover, was one of the most diligent workers among the Muscinea. Amon ng his iillependant writings may be named 224 BOTANICAL NEWS. on Moosbild’ (Verhandl. Zool. Bot. Gesellsch., oo pie ntaining his views on the classification of Mosses; his ‘ Bideeynion’ (1878), including all the vascular ‘aiits 8 gia isin of the Harz region; and his ‘Enumeratio Muscorum Lactenus in y he 8 born on the 5th of July, 1795, at Teitenbety on the Weser, and at an early age began the study of pharmacy, in which he after- aie ee d an eminent position. After residing in various town Germany in the practice of his eobiteibts he settle down in 1 1895 at sl chlo the Harz, where he continued re live until 1876. In that year he removed to the house of his second son, a physician in the neighbouring vis of Helmstedt, where he died last November. an Harz was the field of most of his botanical explorations, and no one knew its flora better than he. it o his life by his friend Karl Miller, appeared in ‘ Die Natur,’ 22nd January, 1881. The interesting statement of Karl Miiller, that world, is worth reproducing. en ‘ Synopsis yma es was finished in 185 851, the number had risen rr ey nd now Kar Miiller estimates it at 6000, at least. Hampe was made : Doctor of Philosophy (honoris causa) by the Gottingen Geivesuih copa of his jubilee in his profession, and the title of Professor was bestowed on him in 1875. His splendid soltackions of Mosse i Hepatic are now in the Department of Botany of the British use =n s * Flora of the Bristol Coal- ne has been undertaken by the Bristol Naturalists’ Society, and will be edited by Mr. J. W. ite, hon. sec. of the Botanical 8 ae The limit adopted by x ye Borvalay and Dursley, in Gloucestershire, to Highbridge and Wells, in Somerset ; and east and west, from Bath to the Bristol Chann el, the sion n olume o actions.’ The foie part (Dicotyle ite a, a Boles sik - now in the pre An historical Speck of Bristol Bot other elaidnstary ts matter, is var mace but will se foie ntl the publication is complete. Although St. Vincent’s Rocks i ; district have met with still less attention. A contribution to our knowledge of so interesting a flora will therefore am welcome. eS 225 Original Articles. A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS PITCAIRNIA. By J. G. Baxer, F.R.S. Prre considerable proportion of the species are in cultivation. Pitcairnias are plants th ] : ; 7 : y in drying, so that for the order it is exceptionally well-represented in herbaria. There is no recent synopsis of the genus, and not only have a considerable number of species n never been named nor described, but for several of those founded on gar plants no definite localities o ones e been giv which he wrote. ‘To trace out the full synonymy of each species through the horticultural journals would only take up time an space needlessly ; so 1 have confined myself, except in the case of figures, to the original authority for each name. Genus Prroamnta (L’Herit. Sert. Angl. vii., t. 11).— coriaceous, with a short obconical tube adnate to the base of the ovary and 8 large lanceolate segments free from one other down to e the ovary leaves the calyx. Corolla of 3 lingulate scales at the very base, often ting up spirally after fertilisation has taken place. Stamens 6, inserted with the petals at the summit of the calyx-tube; filaments spirally twisted. Fruit a septicidal capsule, splitting into 3 valves fro dense rosette on the ground at the base of the peduncle. Leaves linear n.s. vou. 10. ([Aveust, 1881.] 2e¢ 226 A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS PITCAIRNIA. lepidote on the back or green and naked on both song often prickle- on. especially towards the base, sessile or owed into a channelled petiole. 2 nrpeat oat the pace pPhtan passing eituallys upwards into the bracts. Inflorescence generally a simple or panicled raceme with Sia bracts, more rarely a capitulum or subspicate raceme, with large imbricated multifarious bracts. Corolla red, yellow, or whitish. The cig names, in my view, represent only synonyms or subgenera, vi Hepatis, ivi Prodr. as Ind. Occ. 56. veumannia, A. Brong. in Ann. Sc. Nat. ser. 2, xv. 869. Lamproconus, Lemaire in jan Fleur. sub t. 127. Phlomostachys, Beer Brom. 45. Cochliopetalum, Beer Brom. 70. Orthopetalum, Beer Brom. 70. Pepinia, A. Brong.; André in Ill. Hort. n.s. sub t. 5. Key To rae SupGenera AND SprcrEs. Subgenus I. Cupyanorrrcamnia. Flowers red, -Wekete. ae in a dense sessile head in the centre of the Shakes of lea Produced leaves linear, sessile ‘ i. P, spin as Produced leaves dhloug, petioled : 2. P. tabuleformis. gern ~ Evrrrcarrnia. Flowers generally bright red, rarely ite or yellow, arranged in peduncled simple or panicled bib Bracts small, lnioentanis! sae shorter sale the pedicels. Leaves in a basal sessile ros Leaves linear, an inch or less broad at is middle. Doe white-furfuraceous beneath. Produced leaves without any prickles. Flowers white or yellowish. 3. P. microcalyx, 4. P. inermis. Flowers red. . P. megasepala. 6. P. staminea. 7. P. pungens. 8. 's Kegeliana. 9. Pp mys Fie 10. P, sntegréfolia. 11. P. araneosa. . P. Moritziana. Produced leaves ele towards the base. Leaves very narrow (not more than $-4 in. broad). 13. P. humilis, 14. P. muscosa. 15. P. caricifolia. 16. P. iridiflora Leaves broader. Pedicels short. 1. P. ms ee 18. P. latifolia. 19. de: Surfuracea. 20. albucafolia, 21. P. bracteata. . , ea, Leaves broader. Pedicels a Flowers white : 23. P. consimilis. 227 A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS PITCAIRNIA. Flowers red. 24. P. Jacksoni. 25. P. subpetiolata. 26. P. bromeliefolia. Leaves green and glabrous on both sides. owers red 27. P. firma, 28. P. corcovadensis. 29. P. cinnabarina. 30. P. Karwinskiana, 81. P. spathacea. 82. P. Lechleri. 33. P. concolor. 34, P. nuda. Flowers white. 35. P. suaveolens. 86. P. albifios. Leaves ensiform or lanceolate. Leaves white-furfuraceous beneath. F s red. 87. P. Andreana. 38. P. pruinosa. 39. P. fulgens. 40, P. Olfersii. 41. P. flammea. 42, P. pulverulenta, 48. P. corallina. Flowers white ‘ 44, P. echinata. Flowers yellow ; 45. P. xanthocalyx. Leaves green and naked on both surfaces. 47. P. nubigena. 48. P. Lehmanni. P. Kalbreyert. 50. P. orgyalis. Leaves oblong or oblong-lanceolate petioled Sprucet. 52. P. undulata. Imperfectly-known species of Eupitcairnia. 58. P. vallisoletana. 54. P. penduliflora. Subgenus III. Parris pens with small bracts and flowers in simple or panicled ra Dwarf, with saa pia and thin leaves. 55. P. punicea. 56. P. aphelandrefiora. Shrubby, with rae flowers and horny leaves. . P. ferruginea. Subgenus IV. PaiomosracHys. Flowers pale, arranged in simple the broad ‘ode reaching nearly or quite subspicate Steg to the top of the calyx. 58. P. virescens. 46. P. australis. 49. Leaves sessile Leaves petioled, green and naked on both surfaces. 59. P. maidifolia. 60. P. Funkiana, 61. P. zeifolia. Leaves petioled, white beneath . 62. P. recurvata. 228 A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS PITCAIRNIA. Subgenus V. Neumannia. Flowers generally pale, arranged in dense simple strobiliform subspicate racemes, the canals # deltoid ae an much-imbricated bracts overtopping Leaves sessile : On. £46 a oleuca. Leaves canted. white beneath : 64. P. rhodostachys. Leaves petioled, green and naked on both surfaces. Flowers white or pale yellow. 65. P. Altensteinii. 66. P. Wendlandi. 67. P. imbricata. 68. P. atrorubens. 69. P. petiolata. Flowers bright red-yellow . 70. P. densiflora. . P. netreropoytia, Beer Brom. 68.—P. Morrenii, Lemaire Tard, Fleur, t. 291.—P. cernua, Pasig et Bouché Ind. Sem. Be rol. 1848, 12 Fes evscapa, Liebm. Ind. Sem. Hafn. 1848, 12; Hook. 2 Bot. Mag. t. 4591.—Puya heterophylla, Lindl. in Bot. Reg. Xxvl, b. Ti Nae oe re ine in Ann. Soc. Roy. Gand. ii. 483, t. 101; Pax r. Gard. iii. t. 86. Acaulescent, densely tufted. Outer Pate nee. ‘of the rosette 10 or more, deltoid, seariose, with a rigid pectinate narrow linear alm a pungent tip aa in. long. Produced leaves about half a een, linear, 1-2 ft. long, +-4 in. broad at the middle, not petioled, tapering to a point, " green on both sides, not at all toot thed. Flowers 6-12 in a capitate & ae nearly or ite ia a Petals bri cht red, rarely ght, ha ong again as the sepals, scaled at ia base. Stamens and aie Sieti ded. — Mexico, Sinclair! Bourgeau, 2524! F. Muller, 1461! Guatemala, Salwin & Godman! Veraguas, Seemann, 1564! Petipa FRialph Tate, 414, 415! a enennelae Fendler, 1520! Santa Martha, Purdie! A Gra nada, Goudo The names above cited seem to me all s ms of one species, ‘an that not a ver variable one, well pe ey from every other (except P. sbatepoeaic by its : apoaniagut like inflorescence : ABULASFORMIS, Linden Cat. 1862, 5; He vatires in Belg. Hort. 1862, 257, cum icone; Lemaire, I. Hor . 844; Floral Mag. t. 297. Produced leaves 20-80 in a ase eget, oblong, satin late, 5 5-6 in. long, 2 in. broad at the middle, narrowed Mexico, in the province of Chiapas, Ghiesbreght. Not unfrequent in cultivation ALYX, Baker caulescens, K. Koch herb. Acaulescent. Produced leaves 1i ua almost petioled, 2 ft. long, { in. broad at the middle, tapering to the point and base, thin in texture, green and slightly ed nada on the face, thinly white- furfuraceous all over the back, quite entire. Pedunele a foot long, A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS PITCAIRNIA. 229 nearly naked, agar ir with several sae reduced erect linear leaves, which are white on the under surface. Flowers in a dense simple raceme oe 5 in. long. Pedicels i 8 patent, the lower ones 4-} in. long; yigks lanceolate acuminate, equalling or rather exceeding the pedicels. Sepals lanceolate, 4 in. long, thinly i is of tip of the petals. Ac ultivated plant; precise station unknown. I found it without any locality in the herbarium of Dr. Karl Koch. It is Ae Sons for its yellow flowers and very small calyx. 4. P. wermis, Meyer in Reliq. Henk. ii. 128, t. 28. —Ortho- petalum in Beer Bromel. 72. Acaulescent. Produ ced leaves ct a foot long, under 4 in. broad, d, firm in texture for the genus, not petioled, acuminate, quite entire, green on the upper surface, dst and style sear than the stale —Peru, on mountains of the province of Hunaca, Henke. Casapi, Matthews, 2088! Wet . MEGASEPALA, Baker. pine leek Leaves with a distinct channelled petiole a foot long and a linear lamina 2-3 ft. long, about an ineh broad at the ee: tapering gradually to the point “e d t white cil entirely dectitute of teeth, except at the dilated base of the petiole. Peduncle 2-3 ft. long. Raceme simple or with a short fork a foot long, — in ae upper half “ rachis very ] 01 style included.—New Granada, at La Paila, Holton, 153! Ocana, alt. 5000 ft., Kalbreyer, 661! Remarkable on “its very large calyx. 6. P. srammnza, Loddiges Bot. Cub. t ; Sims in Bot. Mag. t. cng Ill. Hort. new ser. t. 205. dey se Nac stamineum, Beer Brom Acaulescent. Outer rudimentary leaves not toot thed. Pooled leaves 10-20 to a tuft, linear, 1-2 ft. long, }-3m. broad, very acuminate, firm in texture, green an nd naked on the face, thinly white-furfuraceous on the back, with a channelled petiole 4 ft. or more long, entirely v without teeth. Peduncle 1-2 ft. long, its lower leaves long, its upper rudimentary. Raceme simple, 1-1} ft. long, lax, } ft. broad when ex panded, the rachis naked ; pedicels patent, the lower above an in sah long ; bracts lanceolate, 4-3 in. long. Sepals greenish, lanceolate, naked, . long. Petals bright red, 2 in. hae very narrow, revolute at Aa apex, scaled at the base. Stamens and style both exser ted.—Rio Janeiro, Gardner, 846! Sello! oahu, 2934! Well known in cultivation; intro- 230 A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS PITCAIRNIA, duced about 1820. In Ill. Hort., loc. cit., it is said to have been found by Roezl in New Granada. Is not a3 a mistake ? ¢) Fivune ens, H. B. K. Nov. Gen - Hook in Bot. Mag. t. 5856. laine Tufts bulb- like are the base, the outer ed, ] y furaceous on the back, destitute of prickles. Peduncle 4-1 ft. long, cottony, its many leaves all small and bract-like, the lower. m lanceolate, 4—1 in. long. Sepals lanceolate, aus cottony, $7 in. Petals lingulate, . bright red, 2 in. long, scarlet at the base, sub- secund. Stamens and style reaching to the tip of the petals.— Andes of Ecuador and New Granada, ascending to 9000-10,000 ft., Humboldt; Jameson,758! Hall! Spruce, 5878! 6012! Introduced into cultivation by I. Anderson Henry, Esq., of Edinburgh, from on sent by Prof. Jameson. . P. Keeerrina, K. Koch herb. Lower leaves linear acuminate, . about a foot long, }-3 in broad, green and naked on the upper surface, white beneath, overto opping the roar Peduncle slender, about 4 ft. long, with several long leaves. Racem e simple, moderately dense, about 3 in. long, with a flexuose cottony rachis ; pedicels ascending, the lower }-} in. long; bracts lanceolate acuminate, the lower }-1 in. long, the upper much smaller. Sepals lanceolate, 3-4 in. long. Petals ah red, twice as long as the sepals. Genitalia not exserted.—A n wn “8 me only from a engl Leys in a Ko ch’'s herbarium. foaditats of teeth. 9. P. paucrrtora, Baker. Acaulescent. Produced leaves 6-8 to a stem, linear, 12 Bi tr . long, +} in. broad at the middle, thi texture, very acu inate, almost petioled, naked on the face, thinly white txtane ceous on the back. Peduncle above a foot Petals bright ie an inch longer than the sepals. Stamens and style reaching to ‘the e tip of the petals—British Guiana, far in the interior, on high banks of the River Quitara, Sir Richd. canoinbiih gk, 585! This has the ovary more joined to the calyx than any other species I have seen. 10. P. mnreerivonm, Ker in Bot. Mag. t. 1462.—P. dleoora, A. Dietr. in Allg. iviniaaiie xv. 852.—P. graminifolia, Hort. Acaulescent. Produced leaves linear, 2-8 ft. long, about 4 m broad at the rapa tapering to a long point, not distinetly petioled, thin in texture, green and naked on the face, closely white- citeeaiiae on the back, entirely destitute of teeth. Peduncle above a foot long below the inflorescence, with several A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS PITCAIRNIA. 231 long leaves. Racemes 1-5, very lax, the end one a foot long, the axis cottony; pedicels ascending, }-} in; bracts lanceolate, equalling or a little exceeding the pedicels. Sepals 4-3 in. long, lanceolate, nearly naked. Petals an inch longer than the sepals, bright red, scaled at the base. Stamens and style not protruded.— St. Lucia, Anderson! New Granada, on rocks at Cumanacoa, Funk, 58! Well-known in cultivation. Introduced from the West Indies by Lady Amelia Hume about 1810. Var. major, Regel, Ind. Sem. Petrop. 1869, 24, has leaves 8 ft. long and an inch broad, peduncle longer than the leaves, and a rather dense aceme a foot long and two shorter side ones; axis stout, densely cottony ; pedicels erecto-patent, densely cottony, the lower }-} i g; bracts lanceolate, rahter longer th e thinly cottony; pedicels ascending, the lower 3— in. long ;_ bracts linear or lanceolate, }-1 in. long. Sepals naked, lanceolate, $ in. long. Petals lingulate, bright red or reddish yellow, 2-24 in. long, not sealed at the base. Stamens as long as the petals. Style a little exserted.—A native of Guatemala, introduced more than wenty years ago and still in cultivation in the country. I saw it in flower at Messrs. Veitch’s in 1874. Ss 11s, Tenore in Ann. Se. Nat. ser. 4, ii. 379,— Leaves the published description. , f . P. muscosa, Mart. in Roem. et Schultes Syst. Veg. vii. 1240; Hook. in Bot. Mag. t. 4770.—P. Beycalena, Beer Brom. 63.— P. leiolena, Hort. Van Houtte. Whole plant not more than a foot high. Leaves 12-20 in a tuft, linear, 6-9 m. long, {-4 in. broad, faleate, very acuminate, green and naked on the face, _ white furfuraceous on the back, not petioled, entire or minutely denticulate. Pedunele 6-9 in. long, slender, densely floccose, its lower leaves 232 A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS PITCAIRNIA. long, its upper rudimentary: Raceme simple, lax, pike in. long; axis floccose ; pedicels ascending, the lower 6-9 lin. long; bracts lanceolate, saitee shorter than the pedicels. Se pals linear, naked, $in. long. Petals bright red, 2 in. long, not scaled at the base. Stamens and stigma not protruded beyond the petals.—Central Brazil, first ppnerta by Martius on the Sierra de Piedade. Well- own in cultivation. 15. P. cartcrroria, Mart. in Roem. et Schultes Syst. Veg. vii. 1242. Leaves linear, 12-18 in . long, 4-4 in. broad, naked on the face, furfuraceous on the back, m inutely denticulate towards the tip and furnished with brown spines towards the base. we long ; occose; pedicels ascending, } in. long; lower its os ante ee twice as long as the pedicels. 24 Fp lanceolate acuminate, in long. Petals red, 1} in. long, scaled at the base. Stamens and style reaching to the tip of the petals — Woods of the Amazon Valley, Martius. 16. P. mmretora, Beer Brom. 51. Leaves linear, 2-8 ft. long, 4 in. broad, much fe abe the raceme, spine-toothed. Peduncle and raceme each about half a foot long; bracts above an inch long; raceme dense. Ovary including the sepals 14 in. long. Petals ne a 2 in. ie not scaled at the base. Style and stamens s lon the sepals sh garden species, known to me only from ihe published =e “i P. IFOLIA, et in Ait. Hort. Kew. i. 401; Gawl. in Bot. Mag. t. 1547 ; Red. Lil. t. 76.—P. Redouteana, Schultes i t. long, 3-4 in g horny spines a line long. Peduncle 2-8 ft. long, including the inflorescence, with Sm leaves in the lower part. Racemes 1-3, the end one 6-9 in. long, 8 in. diam. when expanded ; axis slightly floccose ; pedicels erecto-patent, {—{ in. long; bracts lanceolate, a little longer than the pedicels. Sepals lanceolate, 4-4 in. long. Petals 18-21 lin. long, bright red, scaled at the base. Stamens and style not exserted.—Island of Santa Cruz, West Indies, Ryan! (Herb. Mus. Brit.) My description is taken entirely from this wild example and a garden specimen in the Smithian herbarium. K. Koch’s type-specimen was a different species, and I have never ae the true plant in cultivation, although the name is frequently use 18. P. tatironia, Soland. in Ait. Hort. Kew. i. 401; Bot. Mag. t. 856; Andrews Bot. Rep. t. 822. Leaves linear, 2-8 ft. long, 3-1 in. broad at the middle, acuminate, not distinctly petioled, green on the face, white-furfuraceous over the back, with asad a few prickles towards the base and sometimes also a few tow the ye ye 1-2 ft. long, leafy. Raceme simple or slightly compound, 6-9 in. long ; slightly ¢ aban ; lower pedicels }-% in. long; ere ne Hea about as long as the pedicels. Sepals lanceolate, nearly naked, 3—1 in. long. Petals bright red, 2 in. long, scaled at al fosere Stamens and style not protruded.— ON SOME RARE PLANTS IN COUNTY DONEGAL. 233 Island of St. Eustace, Masson! There is a specimen from Kew Gardens in 1786 at the British Museum, and one from the gins Botanic Garden in 1805 in the Smithian Herbarium. ight’s 689, from Eastern Cuba, differs from we type by shorter pint narrower leaves, and much smaller bra (To be aor ON SOME RARE PLANTS IN COUNTY DONEGAL. By Henry Cutcuester Hart, B.A. « the summer of the past year and spring of the present one . 1881) I was enabled to make further botanical explorations in this county. The results of these I now offer to your readers in continuation of my former papers upon this subject published in his Journal. The following plants are additions to the eisai of POneaE +. #5 District 11 in Moore and More’s ‘ Cybele Hibernic Ranunculus peltatus, Fries. Stachys Baia Benth R. heterophyllus, Bab. Primula veris, runus insititia, Linn. Rumea Figaolnpathany Huds. Pyrus Aria, Sm. * Polygonum Bistorta, Linn. * Dipsacus pelea estris, Lin t Ulmus montana, With. Hieracium umbellatum, ost " Potamogeton heterophyllus,Schreb. Bartsia viscosa, Linn. Carex teretiuscula, Good. In the following list those plants the localities of which do not enter into my formerly defined district of North-Western Donegal, I have marked with the capital letter “D”; “F,” as before, signifies Fanet. Thalictrum alpinum, L. an altitude of 1900 feet, about one mile west of Lough paibie ; on Lavagh More on both s and north sides; and on Silver These localities lie on the Bluestack or Croagh Gorm range in the south-west of Donegal. I have previously recorded this rare alpine plant from the Posaed len. D. Ranunculus a eectey Fries. Marshy ground between Inch Road station and Burnfoot. Bs ner ls Bab. Near the last, by the railway. R. scelera Salt-marshes at Templecroney, west of ey: oe ground between the two embankments at Inch Trollius eur opaus, L. There are two distinct sets of habitats given for this most interesting Donegal plant, in the ‘ Cybele i i ough Garten,” and the other, near Raph e wrongly groupe r they shoal be “ Lough Garten” and ‘*Convoy and Raphoe”’ ; the latter two places are but a couple of miles apart, while they are both fifteen or twenty miles from Lough Garten. In the 234 ON SOME RARE PLANTS IN COUNTY DONEGAL. : Féhrukl of Botany’ for 1880 (P. rae “ ene ies fa its Lough Garten range; since then, Dean med m me that the s the only il indigenous one in Ireland for this rare “ey hantacnse lan * Chelidonium majus, L. Breaghy” and “The Lodge,” near Ramelton, where it is known as ‘“ Sollendine,” and in great request for sore ayes (Dean Gwynn). *Oheiranthus Cheiri, L. Rathmullan Abbe { Barbarea vulgaris, R. Br. eg rare in Done gal. I have only met with it at Marble Hill in small quantities, where it was probably introduced by accident verna, L. andhills in various nineer from Bunerana to ornhead ; in most such localities, as at Macamish, Dimnacraig, eves Shore, Pgh Marble Hill, Deatanaahy; and Ho eng I noticed this plant in company with Sawifraga tridactylites, Cerastium Peary sores C. tetrandrum, and Valerianella olitoria ; ay, + Reseda Tuieslah L. At Fahan and Inch Road; between Fahan and Buncrana by the railway. Elatine hexandra, D Very rare; western shore of Upper Lough Nacung, near the ‘“ “Cun ng.’ Drosera intermedia, Hayne. About a mile S.E. of Crohy Head, in the Rosses. D. Silene maritima, With. At 1500 feet above sea-level on Lavagh More in the Bluestack range, Stellaria anne, L. Local; by the river Lennan at Ballyarr ; sea-shore about three miles west of Dun erastium tetrandrum, Curt. ange round the coast from Rathmullan to Hornhead; see under Dra . semidecandrum, L. With the ‘ity but hi so common ; Bunerana. F. Radiola Millegyrana, 8m. Near Dunglow Geranium dissectum, L. Fahan, by Sie’ railwa tPrunus Cerasus, L. Hedges in Ballymac inh , Fanet. F. TP. avium, L. Glenalla wood, but probably introduced. *P. insititia, ee Ned’s Point, near Buncrana; hedges in Bally- macgowan, Fan _ eg moles ia, L. Local; Lettermacaward, near ‘‘ Rus- sell’s Ferry.” D. Com set palustre, L. A variety occurs by the shore, about three miles west of Dingion, with very narrow leaflets, invariably seven in number; it was rb in flower when obse. Pyrus Aria, Sm. Am ngst mountain thickets at Glenveagh ; an Pia? to the Flora of Uecerk is Portula, L. N peosurinan® Aughnagaddy riophyilum spicatum, L.. Rare; in a fen by the road-side near id Russell's s Ferry,” in Lettermacaward. ON SOME RARE PLANTS IN COUNTY DONEGAL. 235 * Epilobium angustifolium, L. Near Balizsoonel bridge, Glenalla. The country people know it as the ‘‘ Blooming Willow Saaxifraga tridactylites, * cat po round the coast from sean of Done : Pimpinella Saar. L. Extremely local in Donegal. Sandy ground by the sea about three miles west of Dunglow. Oenanthe crocata, L. Local; sea-side near Dunglow ; by the shore between Fahan and Inch; and moe the river Lennan at Ballyarr, the only inland locality I have n Myrrhis odorata, Scop. Near the town of Donegal. D. Near Ramelton. Smyrnium Olusatrum, L. Between Fahan and Inch; Rath- mullan Point. x iki Opulus, Lu. Very local; by the river Lennan at allya + Dipps sacus sylvestris, L. Road-side near Lifford (Dean Gwynn). An hdicon to the Flora of the county. Valerianella olitoria, Mceench. This plant is very plentiful on dry sandy Rennes by ‘the sea, and sandhills in most places round the coast from athmullan to Hornhead. It is always very side. I mention these particulars since Mr. Watson challenges it as a native of the British Isles; as it grows in Rone al it has naghy. +Petasites vulyaris, Desf. Abun ci on the south-west side of Inch Island; railway-banks between Fahan and Ine Bidens cernua, L. Road-side between Stranorlar and ‘ The Ga D. Peale Helenium, L. Near the road-side between Ardnamona and Donegal. D. ieracium wnbellatum, L. (var. jfilifolium). This plant grows abundantly by the stream at Glenties. An addition to the Flora of ae wet de ries. Luavagh More; near Lough Belshade ; Pa iets a Silver Hill. Tanacetum vulgare, L. Near the Fahan railway-station (Dean halium sy cereale, L. Between Glenties and ‘ Russell’s lat D. é Gnapha erry,” near the la .. cio Jacobea, i. var. flosculosus, Jordan. North-w shore of Trawenagh Bay; abundant, and unmixed with the a ene 7 Arctostaphyllus Uva-ursi, Spr. Abundant to sea-level at Crohy ead. D. Glenveagh. Vaccinium Vitis-idea, L. Glenveagh; Knockalla, by the larger 236 ON SOME RARE PLANTS IN COUNTY DONEGAL. of the two ‘ Black Lakes. ” F. Croagh Barnes, Blue Stack, Hill. os Pyrola media, 8m. Marble akin ewlgare, L. Well ‘eebbblied along the railway between Fahan a h. Convolvolus Seni, L. An undoubted native on sandy banks at Leenane, Lough Swilly; Inch Road. Myposotis palustris, With. By the river Lennan at Ballyarr. I nave not seen the large Forget-me-not elsewhere in Donegal, where it appears to be very scarce. M. versicolor, L. Not common in Donegal; Clonmass Island, Ards; fields by Lough Fern upon Moyle Hill; near Glinsk. F. SSumnphgtiun, officinale, L. Between Fort Royal and Macamish, Lough Swill Mertensia mavttind: ta I have previously recorded this rare northern plant from between Leenane and Dunaff Head, near nem upon ge aithority ‘of Mr. Batt. It does not now heey. to grow in the locality indicated ; it occurs, however, in Shee haven. Bartsia viscosa, L. This most ep rreetes addition to the Flora re Saipontg 8 is chiefly due to my friend Dean Gwynn. While velling from Derry to Fahan, he sotheed Koma the railway- stage an mips looking, tall, yellow-flowered plant on the Lough Swilly side of the line from Inch Station to Burnfoot. sequently enabled me to trace its distribution. It is abundant chiefly on ground that has been reclaimed from the sea, stretching for about a mile between Inch Island and the east shore of Lough Swilly; it grows freely also on the shore of Inch, which was probably its original head-quarters, whence it has extended over so suitable a locality. This habitat forms an intermediate station for the plant which occurs on the Scottish coast at Dumbarton; on the south and south-western coasts of Ireland; and at Cornwall, Isle of ida and Sussex. Lycopus europeus, L. Near Magherawarden. F. Stachys Botanica, Benth. 1 found this very. rare Irish platit 3 in August, 1881, growing in small quantities amongst thickets es _ shores of Dunlewry —— below Dunlewry House. An addit to the Flora of Denkea Utricularia inter ea. Hayne. Abundant in the river between Gweedore and Loch Nacung Lower. a7 L. Upon Croaghmore, near the gap Barnesmore. ‘rim eris, L. In two fields at Marble Hill, by the shores of Shosphave © Bay, where it was pointed out to me by my friend the Rey. Alexander Stuart, who = started regarded it as native there. The only locality in the ¢ Salicornia herbacea, L. Shans of Trawenagh Bay. D. * Polygonum Bistorta, L. poser ii Sc ae (Dean Gwynn). The plant has been known there as long as can be remembered. P. Raii, Bab, Shores of Maghery Bay, ere of Dunglow. ON SOME RARE PLANTS IN COUNTY DONEGAL. 287 Rumex Hydrolapathum, Huds. Deep pools rt the railway near Fahan station. An addition to the Flora of Donegal. alix herbacea, L. Occurs as low as ah feet above sea-level between the lakes and the summit of Erris untains, in Innishowen r. Watson gives 1600 feet in the Oritheys as the lowest in Britain. It ie been m heat at 1200 feet also in Derry. A very large form of this plant grows on the south side of Lavagh More, in the Bluestack range, with erect branches about eight inches high. *Ulmus montana, With. In many woods and et as at Ray, Glenalla, &c., " where it is thoroughly establis Neottia Nidus-avis, Rich. Recorded in ‘ Recent Additions to the Flora of Ireland,’ from Ards woods, by Mr. M. Murphy, where I have gathered it under beeches by the avenue near a garden-wall. Orchis pyramidalis, L. Fort Royal, Rathmull Listera cordata, R. Br. Tivis, near Dunree (G. V. Hart). Habenaria viridis, R. Br. By t the shore near Templecrone, about three miles west of Dunglow Allium Babingtonii, Borr. This garlick is still made use of by _ cow-doctors; a decoction made from the root is said to = good for sick cattle ; and if the tail of a calf be split and a bulb o the head be lashed inside, the animal will never die of a chains disorder named “ black-le A, ursinum, Li Ray woods, on both sides of the Rathmullan road; and at Ned’s Point, near Bunera: Erigeanlon re dea With. Abundant in Lough Aleckmore, a little north of Tra =e Bay. D. menial ate L. (S. affine, Schn.) Toome Lough, at Lettermacaward, with S. einimiin:; Fries Pian heterophyllus, Schreb. Lough Nacung Lower, and stream from it to Gweedore. This is the second Donegal locality to the county in my om paper on the subject. Zannichellia palustris, L. Brackish mud at Inch and Doagh. Scirpus Tabernenontan, Gm. Salt-marshes about three miles west of Dun Eleocharis peativuanitte! Sm. Not so local as supposed ; frequent about Dunfanaghy, and near Marble ; Blysmus rufus, Panz. Salt-marshes by Hornhead bridge, abundant. Carex nd L. Scarce; marshy ground between Inch Road and Burnfoo c. se stlacouies Good. Very rare; by a small lake between Marble Hill and Sesiagh Lough, near Dunfaughy. C. 2 sheer L. Very local; with the last-named sedge is, Good. Local; by the shore about half a wong west of y r : in peice, by C. Moore ; if by this he meant Mamore Gap, in the rris mountains, longer holds good. There is a small marshy pond there which is 238 ON SOME RARE PLANTS IN COUNTY DONEGAL. almost entirely occupied by Carex ampullacea, which has a marvellous power of te up small lakes. (. limosa, however, Melica uniflora, Retz. Woods between Ray and Rathmullan. Festuca sylvatica, Vill. By the river . Glenties, D.; with the ee maximum, Lam. eae a near the town of Donegal. E.. palustre @,L. Damp sandy places by Ballyvicstocker Strand. F. Polypodium Phegopteris, L. er many places about Lough Eske - and Lough Belshade; and on Blue Stack, Lavagh More, and . : sage cers Lastrea Oreopteris, Presl. Between Lough Belshade and Lough Kske, by the stream; and at the waterfall above Lough Bske : ‘ cereal Glenties and Silver Hill. D. Kockalla (QV. Hy Polystichum aculeatum, Roth. Waterfall above Lough Eske ; between Martin’s Bridge and Silver Hill, by a stream. Cystopteris fragilis, Bernh. Very local in Donegal. In a natural grotto on the face of Binmore precipice, half a mile west of ; Lough Belshade, a place rather difficult of access. Two plants above a small cataract between Martin’s Bridge and Silver Hill. D. - Asplenium viride, Huds. Old walls at Convoy, near Raphoe, when 3 it appeared a few years ago; by the waterfall above Lough ke; I did not meet it elsewhere on the Lough Eske mount- tain As splniu Ruta- cero L. Road-side walls by Lough Eske, at Ardnamona. D. —_ e in the north of the county; on an old garden-wall in = Bans Hymenophyllum Wilson Hook. Gap of Mamore, and elsewhere on the Erris mountains. Botrychium Lunaria, L. Slee pastures on the west side of Rossgull. The present seems to be a good opportunity for eran gre the plants which have — added to, and those which h ca removed from, the Flora of the County Donegal, as i, pn’ Ske the date of the piblieatiod of Moore and More’s : Cybele ibernica.’ The following are additions :— Thalictrum alpinum. Polygala depressa. 7. s. {Silene inflata. ge hares trichophyllus. {Lychnis vespertina. R. Baudot agina apetala. R. 268 eg S. subulata R. heterophyllus, Stellaria [Papaver Rheas.] Ceaantinns namaeninie: *Corydalis lutea. C. trivi *Cheiranthus Cheiri. {Althea officinalis. Lepidium Smithii. *Lavatera arborea. Drosera intermedia. ~ {Acer campestris ON SOME RARE PLANTS IN COUNTY DONEGAL. *A. Pseudo- platanus. *Geranium pyrenaicum. *Krodium moschatum. ex Gallii. Trifolium filiforme. sulari Myrio Alea Die Scleranthus annuus. Saxifraga Sr eaee . hirta S. aizoides. [S. Cymbalaria.] [S. sarmentosa.] papam greveolent, [Carum Carui. Sys oncg Cynapium. *Pastinaca sativa. *Petroselinum *Petasites pie Ss. *Inula Helenium. Anthemis nobilis. Gnaphalium sylvaticum. Hier BLE umbellatum. H. boreale. {Lpoopeis arvensi ospermum officinale. {Verbascum Thapsus. Pere * ageraee *Linaria vulgari [Antennaria margaritacea. ] L. repens. *L. C Padicnlata: sylvatica, Bartsia viscos [Veronica Henig ] IV rs Mentha abi Seutellaria galericulata, tLamium ampl e. tL. inermediom tL. incisum. Siachys Naras ge +S. arv: Pr [Plantag media J Atriplex sogantitele jonii. Oxyria r ‘Polygonum Bistorte. P. viviparum. Baer Hydrolapathum. neces, RE A IE + + Callitriche hamulata. {Ulmus montana. Salix Smithiana. S. Grahami midalis. Epipactis latifolia. Neottia Nidus-avis. *Tris foetidissima. *Allium Babingtonii. A. ursinum. Luzula pilosa. Potamogeton heterophyllus. ‘e crispus. P. pusillus. P. ymage Zostera n Zan aati Oe, ula Adiantum Capillus- Ven eris. Ophioglossum vulgatum. O. lusitanicum. 240 NOTES ON POTAMOGETONS. ‘The following plants I propose to remove from the Donegal ist : Viola lutea, Huds. “Sandhills at Dunfanaghy, County Donegal (Mr. Thompson).”” Flora of Ulster. The only sandhill pansy I Calamintha officinalis, Moench. I am informed by my fri end, A. G. More, that the locality given for this plant in the ‘ Cybele Hibernica’ belongs really to C. = eg es is the same station be found under F. hyberna and EF. ate oh ag in a a paper on the Flora of North-Western Donegal, ‘Journal of Botany,’ 1879 that this spurge does not occur in the Poisoned Glen Polystichum Lonchitis, Roth. In Newman's ‘ British age the Holly Fern is ee with the locality of ‘« Rosses and Fanet” ; istake. other station in Dey al is “a glen east of Lough Hske”’ (Prof. E. Murphy), an antikely station, the glens on the east being of too low level for Alpine plants. In one, however, ‘the ‘ Waterfall NOTES ON POTAMOGETONS.* By Artruur Bennett, F.L.S. up the stem, yet it is not branched from below P. Lonchites, Tuckerman.—I possess a fine series of this the Rev. T. Morong, U.S.A.; and there i a a doubt Dr. sew i is correct in referring the Trish Pasir ee P. salicifolius, Wolf.— Specimens of Wolfgang? s plant oe er me as mchites. plant gathered by the Rey. A. Ley, and referred to salictfolius by Professor Babington, is also not accepted by Morong as Lonchites : it 3 probably the P. salicifolius var. lanceolatus of Scandinavian authors. * See ‘Journal of Botany,’ 1872, p. 228. NOTES ON POTAMOGETONS. 241 amineus, Li,, var. maximus, Mo orong (heterophyllus, Schreb., var.),—Specimens I gathered last year in Burwell Fen, Cambridge- shire, I was unable to refer to any British form of the “ gramineus ”’ of Linn. a oy yt and the only specimen I could find resembling them was one in the ae Herbarium, labelled “ Canada West, Pree Macoun.” The receipt of specimens of Morong’s plant enabled me to at once identify them with it, and I am glad to say he concurs with me. He remarks :-—“ It seems _just the same as our gramineus var. maximus. Oar ant grows in rivers, generally in strong currents. It varies from the typical forms of gramineus, being less branched, and entirely without th otomous ramification of the branches so common in the grass-leaved form. The leaves are far fewer and scattered along the stem. Some of the submerged leaves are nearly an inch wide by seven long. Were it not that the so-called var. graminifolius is intermediate, I should be disposed to separate the large form from gramineus altogether. Your plant being from ‘a ditch’ shows that it is not the current alone ‘sata causes the diffaress, as its locality with us would seem to indica fee Pelonbbk Wulfen. ~The esas interesting Peg Thave from the Rev. T. Morong :—* This species has with u urious habit. It fruits and flowers very late in the autumn (Nov. "6 Dee.), and the spikes hang on all winter under the ice. My specimens in spike are, as you see, collected in July, and all that have been sent me were old spikes of the previous we collec ve in summer. Has any he ae botanist noticed the same thing P. perfoliatus, L., var. lanceolatus, A. Gry: co AST agree- ing with the Un ited hitea plant I have from Scotland (Mr. A. icon ye The leaves are two ira a half to three and a mi ks very peculiar fot of perfoliatus Foci Italy (Prof. Caruel) “ey the leaves stiff, strongly undulated at bee edge, and of a very dense texture. Another from Hungary (Herb. Dr. Kovats) has very stout stems and ikea, s, with the fruit with remarkably long pedicels, and oy whole plant of a peculiar greasy appearance. lender form pa long peduncles occurs in Looe Pool, Helston, Cornwall (Mr. BH. Straker), agreeing with specimens from Mass., U.S.A. an T. iP ah ng). us, L.—Specimens with the ‘“ winter-buds,” gemme, or Upbetonelin: ’ occurred plentifully on Mitcham Common, Surrey, this spring. I do not think they are mentioned in any of our floras. They are figured in ‘ The Phyto. sea er n.8., vol. ii., p. 69, 1862; see also Trans. Bot. Soc. France (1856), v vol. iii., ?. 350. They occur in North America, accompanied by others at the end of the shoo on 1 the back when dry. It is se ee the var. of a. major (Fieber, Die Pot. Boh. 1888, p. 35). : I 242, FESTUCA ORARIA. from Sweden (Prof. T. Tales) unnamed; but ripe fruit is a desideratum for sere determination. P. pusillus, L.; var. (P. panormitanus, Bivoni).—Mr. H. Mennell has gathered this ile Clapham, in Yorkshire, making a second British station. FESTUCA ORARIA, Dumortimr. By F. Townsenn, M.A., F.L.S. In the 1881 Report of the Botanical Exchange ae ae Boswell is said to have sent specimens of Festuca arenaria, brescens, F. oraria, Dumort., from Burntisland, Fife, which Prof, ps es on would call ‘ rubra.” is remind hat Mr C. Watson of uiiortier A few months eon I saw, in Dr. Bromfield’s herbarium at Bye specimens named by Mr. A. G. More F. oraria, Dumort., m St. Helen’s Spit, Isle of Wight, and Mr. More gives this einem as an ea one for the Isle of Wight in his Suppl. to ‘FL. Vectens ‘Journal of Botany,’ 1871. I should ¢ Mr. More’s epbaiiests decidedly “‘ rubra,” and I have athared a pars plant myself on St. Helen’s Ng T have no spher record of true F’. oraria as a Hampshire plan ii the Royal Hraetaeia at Bdinbargh there are excellent and ypical pees mens of Festuca oraria from the sands of Barri ortase b y Mr. J. Knapp in July, 1837, a: together with other remarks of his, accompanyin g the specimens, he writes, ‘“ retains its character in cultivation.” The late Mr. F. M. Webb informed me that Mr. Knapp was an Edinburgh physician, who made the rita his especial study, and watched them under cultivation. We have therefore conflicting statements as to the behaviour of this grass under sbehdeeae and this circumstance, combined igs the two above instances of the same plant being named by o botanist F’. oraria, aA ten other F’. rubra, would i induce us eH form an opinion that Mr. Watson’ 8 Geharinant is not a conclusive proof that /’. oraria is not distinct from F’. rubra A ier ke who has seen F’. oraria srowing spontaneously, and has ced its long and stout soboles and other marked characters, Toate find it “difficult to believe that it ait pass into * 243 A NEW CHINESE RHODODENDRON. By H. F. Hance, Pa.D., F.L.S. ¢0*\ Ruopopenprox (Eurhododendron) subseries 3) Henry, sp. nov. Tig 12 pedale, ramulis cinereis novellis petiolisque pilis edie ag capitatis consitis, foliis coriaceis elliptico- lanceolatis basi s acutis apice breviter ge ny novellis supra subtusque al costam setosis margineque dense setoso-ciliatis maturis undique glaberrimis supra Tacidulie subtus pallidioribus haud lepidotis anastomosantibus utrinque modice elevatis 2 . longis pe. petiolo 8-7 lineali capitato-setoso 9-16 lin. latis, gem- oriferarum sicut foliigenarum squam is pluriseriatis ovis” pais ie sensim minoribus dense breviter albo- ciliatis, innovationibus dense piantlosd. pilosis inferne squamis oblongis distantibus 6-8 linealibus preditis, floribus quinis terminali-su anata lilacinis vel amoene roseis suaveolenti- scuntpaliacd lobis ones acutiusculis, staminum 10 dimidiam corollam adequan te um filamentis basi glanduloso-pubentibus superne glaberri ntheris obovoideis apice poris bini ovalibus dctisoentibti ovario oblongo dense fulvo-setoso 5-6- ears stylo glaberrimo breviter exserto, stigmate conspicue capitato indiviso Speciosam hanc arbusculam latera collium supra ccenobium buddhicum Fi-loi-tsz, ad angustias s Tsing-iin fluvu North River, provincie Cantonensis, venustissimis floribus abundanter ex- ornantem, d. 22 Martii 1881, invenit Rey. B. C. Henry, cui lubens seh (Herb. propr. no. 21638.) Through the liberality of M. Maximowicz, : possess authentic sitions of nearly all the species enumerated in his ‘Rho- dodendree Asie orientalis’; but the present ‘xtrondy hand- some plant does pie in my judgment, co ery near to any of those known to me. I age I have "soxteetly indicated its position in this ditioult genus, in the subseries containin R. Dalhovsia, Hook. fil., Lh. sissies, H Booth, &c., and which is nearly equivalent to Nuttall’s section Hin oe oh ok * and perhaps its closest affinity is rather with e Himalayan R. barbatum, Wall., than with any Chinese species = described. < 2" = 2 =~ . a * Hook. Journ. Bot. y. 354 (1853). 244 NOTES ON THE FLORA OF DERBYSHIRE. By rue Rev. W. H. Pamrer. (Continued from p. 216.) Lathyrus Honey eg Common. Orobus ‘tuberosus, IV. Burton-on-Trent, ; Dale Abbey Woods ! Var. eerie Roth. I. Stirrup ‘Woods, Gitzo Whitelegg. Prunus spinosa, Linn. IV. Burton-on-Trent, Harris; Repton, ey abt, Linn. IV. Ockbrook, near Derby ! P. avium, Linn. I. Mellor, Hannan. IV. Kedleston, near ' by ! P. Padus, Linn. I. Monk’s Dale, West; Whatstandwell, Banks of River Derwent! Spirea Ulmaria, Linn. on. 8S. F To Linn. I. Miller’s Dale, Whitelegg; Hartington, Harris; between Newhaven and Middleton; and IV. Between Chellaston aid “Walton- -on-Trent, Purchas Agrimonia Eupatoria, Linn. Common, A. odorata, Mill. I. Miller’s Dale, Hi. age gt officinalis, Linn. I. Monk's “Dale and are West. IV. Burton-on-Trent, Harris; Normanton-by-Der Point Sanguisorba, Linn. I. Cromford, Harris ; eile ale, West; Dove Dale! Alchemilla arvensis, Scop. I. Charlesworth, Whitelegg; The Winnaitts, Hog en IV. Cauldwell, Harris; Littleover! A. vulgaris, Li : Common Potentilla Prisonanan, Ehrh. Com . verna, Linn. I. Dove Dale, Pigeek ds “TLathkill Dale, Smith; Monsal Dale, Whiteleqg; Miller’s Dale, Hannan; Monk’s Dale, West. P. Tormentilla, Schenk. Common on heaths. P. procumbens, Sibth. I. Chatsworth, Whitelogg ; ; Dove Dale! IV. Burton-on-Trent, Harris. ra eenanin palusie, Linn. I. Chromo Hill, Buxton? TV. @rcsley, Fra raga ria vesca, Linn. Com F. elatior, Ehrh. IV. Discovered a few years since by Rev. G. Smith near Ockbrook ; ps : om Rubus Ideus, Linn R. soyligfolies Sm. I. Miller’ s Dale, Pearson; Cressbrook Dale! IV. Bur _ soe Trent, Harris. R, Sm. I. Miller's Dale, igi ; Cressbrook Dale, Whitelegg : “Chee Dale, West. IV. Ockbrook, Smith. R. saxatilis, Linn. I. Miller’s Dale, Harris: : Chee Dale, West; _- Dale, W hitelegg ; Ashford Dale, Bailey; Dove Dale, THE FLORA OF DERBYSHIRE. 945 R. Chamemorus, Linn. I. Kinder Scout, West; Axe Edge! Geum urbanun, Linn. ommon. G. intermedium, Ehrh. I. Bakewell, Smith; Chee Tor, Whitelegg ; Miller’s Ene Bailey. OH , Linn. I. Cressbrook Dale, Bailey; Miller’s Dale, Whitelegg : ; “Tath ill Dale! ‘ esanct spinosissima, Linn. I. Cressbrook Dale, Whitelegg ; Monsal ale, Si R. sg Willd. I. Wormhill, West; Cressbrook Dale, Whitelegg : Dove Dale! IV. Mickleover, near Der rby ! cula, Sm. IV. Mickleover, near Derby! Doniana, Woods. I. Monsal Dale! Robertsoni, Baker. I. ng Dale! lutetiana, Leman. IV. Morley; Holbrook, near Derby ! dumalis, Bechst. I. Buxton! Dove Dale! IV. Breadsall! urbica, Leman. IV. Willington, near Derby! tomentella, Leman. IV. Ockbrook, Smith. Reuteri, Godet. rf Cressbrook Dale } I g PRBPRRRRRPEE S 5 ale ! arvensis, Huds. I. Mellor, Hannan; Dove Dale! IV. Common - ‘ib acteata, Bast. IV. Holbrook, near Derby! tegus oxyacanthoides, Jacq. I. Wardlow ray? sete Bailey ; Chaitin sk Dale, Hannan; —— Burton-on-Trent, H - monogyna, Jacq. Com , Hooker. IL. Chee le ; Blacky Mills; Wormhill, West ; between Ashbourne and Newhaven, Purchas P. rupicola, Bosw. I. Miller’s Dale, "Whitelegg + Dove Dale! P. Aucuparia, Gaertn. Common. ‘ n. mmon. Lythrum —— Linn. IV. Burton-on-Trent, Harris; Little y ! ssopsfa 5 Rin IV. Calke Park, Rev. A. Bloxam, Harris pe i deh rset do 2) ‘Ashwood Dale, Parchais 4 Cromford, Harris. Var. brachycarpum, Leight. I. Burbage, Buxton, garden escape. E. hirsutum, Linn. I. Miller’s Dale! Dove Dale! IV. Burton- on- gee Harris rviflorum, Schreb. I. Hassop, Bailey. IV. Burton-on- Geeits ate: Canals, Derby! E. montanum, Linn. Comm E. obscurum, Schreb. i sdBiealair, Bailey; near Buxton! IV. Newton Solney, Harris ' Circea lutetiana, Linn. I. Bakewell; Matlock, . Miller’s urton-on- Trent, Harris: Horsley Car Car i phylum spicatum, Linn. IV. Burton-on- Treat, Harris ; Locko Park, near Derby! Hippuris vulgaris, Linn. IV. Bretby Park, Hagger. Callitriche verna, Linn. Common in streams and ponds. Bryonia dioica, Linn. IV. Common. 246 THE FLORA OF DERBYSHIRE. Ribes Grossularia, Linn, I. Wormhill, West ; connate: ae oo Derby! IV. Burton-on- Trent, Har alpinum, Linn. I. Wormhill, West; Miller's 8 las W hite- aN : ‘Dove Dale, Purchas. Hi. ¢ ru m, Linn. I. Mellor, Hannan; Monk’s Dale, West. rum, “Lin inn. I. Wormhill, West; Whatstandwell ! Sedum ewes Linn. I. Monk’ s Dale; Cromford, West ; Dove Dale! Chr S. album, Linn I. Ashford-in-the-Water, Harris; Matlock eae Whiteleg anglicu, ‘Hudson. I. Chatsworth, Harris. Linn. n. pton Cotyledon Umbilicus, Linn. IV. — nage. Playne. Sawxifraga tridactylites, Linn. Common S. granulata, Linn. I. and TV. Common in meadow S. hypnoides, Linn. I. Bakewell Road, Buxton ! ion Dale ! Var. gemmifera, E. B. I. Cressbrook Dale, Bailey. Chrysosplenium oppositifolium, Linn. I. Mo ttram, Bailey ; Mellor, Hannan; Miller's Dale, Whitelegg; Dove Dale! IV. Burton-on-Trent, Harris; Dale Abbey Woods! Morley! C. alternifolium, Linn, I. Disley; Ashwood Dale; Miller’s Dale, Whitelegg; near Ashbourne, Purchas; Turnditch, Whittaker. yaston rook, Smith. Parnassia palustris, Linn, 1. Hartington ; barbie part of Dove Dale, Purchas ; Monsal Dale, Harris; Buxton ! ydrocotyle vulgaris, Linn. IV. Burton-on- Trent, Harris ; Morley Moor ! Sanicula europea, Linn. I. Disley, Bailey; Via Gellia! IV. Burton-on-Trent, Harris; Repton Shrubs elosciadum nodiflorum, Koch. IV. Gresley, Harris; common, ! H. repens, Koch. I. Miller’s Dale! H, Mi Koch. IV. Burton- -on-Trent, Harris; Swarke- stone Bridge! Sison Amomum, Linn. IV. Lullington, Harris; Spondon Aegopodium Podagraria, Linn. I. Turnditch! IV. reins on- Trent, Harris Bunium flexuosum, With. Vaemon Pimpinella Saatfraga, Linn. Comm P. magna, Linn. I. Monk’s Dale, West — Dale! Dove Dale! Via Gellia! IV. Burton-on- Trent, H. ; Ockbrook! Sium ig i Linn. I. Youlgreave, Bailey ; Dove Dale! . Burton ‘rent, Harris; Der \Oaionshe ‘fain, Linn. IV. a on-Trent, Harris; Al- vaston, Smith ; kenge swing Bridge ! Oc. Ph nn. IV. Burton-on- Trent, Harris; Swarke- stone Bri Oe. pain Sega IV. Burton-on-Trent, Har: Aethusa Cynapium, Linn. I. Dove Dale! Ty. Durie on- Trent, Harris. THE FLORA OF DERBYSHIRE. 247 . Silaus pratensis, Bess. IV. Drakelowe, Harris; Ockbrook, mith, Angelica soem Linn. I. Buxton! Matlock Bath! IV. Burton-on-Trent, Harris. Pastinaca sativa , Linn. IV. nasey rise ree Heracleum Sphondylium, Linn, Com A variety with narrow leaves, Miller’s Dale, Whitelegg. Daucus Carota, ee I. Dove Dale! IV. Calke, Hagger ; Burton-on-Trent, Har Torilis Anthri iscus, Galrtn, Common. Cherophyllum sylvestre, Linn. Common. 28 temulum, Linn. a vhis dors ata, Scop. I. Matlock Bath, Harris; Cromford! Whatutendwellt IV. ane ig Whittaker onium maculatum, inn. se For emark; Harris; Ockbrook ! mmo Cornus sanguinea, Linn. I. Miller’s Dale, Matlock, West; Dove Dale! IV. Burton-on-Trent, Harris; Mickle oui Viscum album, Linn. IV. Morley, Whitta Adoxa Moschatellina, Linn. I. Monsal Dale! IV. Winshill, Viburnum Opulus, Linn. I. Charlesworth, Hannan; Monk’s Dale, West. IV. Morley, Whittaker ; Te all! Lonicera Periclymenum, Linn. Com on. Ga Fg Cruciata, With. ie Stage G. verum, Linn. Common G. saxatile, Linn. Common on hea G. sylnentvs Poll. I. Castleton, Wats ek Dale, Whitelegg ; Dove Dale! G. palustre, Linn. Wet m G. uliginosum, ai e Axe Tage! G. aparine, Linn. Com Asperula iia, Linn. I. Moca! IV. Repton Shrubs, Harris. Sherardia arvensis, Linn. I. sere s Dale, West; Lathkill Dale! IV. Drakelowe; Linton, to Derby ! : aleriana divi, Linn. . Via Gellia! IV. Morley, Whittaker ; ets Har? . officinalis, Bees Le boacle Dove Dale! IV. Repton, Hagger; Burton-on- Trent, ier olitoria, laecah I. Matlock Bath! IV. Cauld- well, Harris; Morley ; ‘ dentata a, Koch, I. Miller’s Dale, West. IV. Cauldwell, Harris ! Ockbrook ! ee Linn. IV. Chaddesden! Swarkestone Brid icknall, Hag. Dia os : : tg 3 L Via Gellia, Whitelegg. IV. Newton Solney, _Soabio econ Linn. I. Dove Dale! IV. Ockbrook! Gresley, 8. Columbaria, Linn. I. Dove Dale! Buxton! 248 THE FLORA OF DERBYSHIRE. rvensis, Linn. Common. Car nutans, Linn. Comm crispus, Linn. Common. Var. acanthoides, Linn. I. Ash- faa Dale ! C. lanceolatus, Linn. Common. . palustris, Linn. Common. C. heteroph oe Linn. I. Monk’s Dale, West; Curbar Wood! ssa Dale, B uxton ! ensis, Cu om poten vulgaris, Linn. me ic Biniek weil Dale, Bailey ; Wormhill, West ; a Edge! Dove Dale Arctium majus, Schkuhr. I. pee sea nee Dale! Win- natts, Gaatloten | IV. Burton-on-Trent, H. Serratula tinctoria, Linn. I. Buxton, Hin mnan; Worrhill; Matlock, West. IV. Repton Shrubs, Harris ; Etwall Road , Repton, ger. Centaurea nigra, can Comm C. Scabiosa, Linn. . Wo vmhill : Matlock, West; Ashwood Dale! Dove Dale! Chrysanthemum segetum, Linn. IV. Milton, near Repton, Hayger; Drakelow e, Harris ; Sian ag by-Derby! é. Tuseahtnnn, Linn. Com Matricaria Parthenium, Linn, % Prabal, Bailey. TV. Newton Solney, Harris; Swarkestone ! M. inodora, oe inn. I. Baslow, Bailey. IV. Burton-on-Trent, Harris; Morley ! Tanacetun vulgare, Linn. IV. Egginton, Harris; R. Derwent, Derby ! Anthemis nobilis, Linn. IV. ae, Morley Moor! Achillea Millefolium, Linn. mmo A. Ptarmica, Linn. IV. Willington, “Hagger ; Gresley, Harris Artemisia Agee, Linn. IV. R. Derwent, Derby! Burton-on- Trent, Har pha lin ‘um —. Linn. IV. Burton-on-Trent, Harris ; Chellaston! Morley Moo sylvaticum, tae I. Newhaven! IV. Osmaston-by-Ash- ith dinioum, Linn. I. Glossop, West; Axe Edge, Wild. : Ti Con S. sylvaticus, Linn. IV. Willington ! Breadsall Moor ! S. erucifolius, Linn. i. — Bridge, Hannan mmo Bidens cernua, Linn. IV. Locko Park, near Derby! . - tripartita, Linn. IV. Burton-on- ‘Trent, Harris; canals, erby ! Inula Conyza, feo L, gos — ! | | IV. ap n° Co Solidago Virga-aurea, a. TL “Buxton ! Matlock Bath! IV. Gresley, Harris. THE FLORA OF DERBYSHIRE. 249 Tusstlago Farfara, Linn. oe Petasites vulyaris, Desf. Comm Eupatorium cannabinum, Linn. gs Matlock Bath ; Dove Dale! IV. Burton-on-Trent, Harris. n. Common. Hypocheris radicata, Linn. IV. Bees Harris; Ockbrook ! I i Common. LL. autumnalis, Linn. ommon Picris hieracioides, Linn. I. Ashwood Dale! Miller’s “eri Dove Dale! IV. Newton Solney, Harris; common about Derby Tragopogon pratensis, Linn., var. minor, Fries. IV. Stapenhil, Harris; Breadsall! Ockbro ok! Taraxacum Dens-leonis, Linn. Common. Var. levigatum, IV. Meeiekcas by-Derby ! Lactuca muralis, Fresen. I. Common on limestone! IV. Wins- hill, Harris; Mor rley ! Sonchus pepe, Hoffm. IV. Stapenhill, Harris; Chellaston! stone ! S. arvensis, Linn. IV. a Harris; Ockbrook ! Crepis virens, Linn. Com Sh dee Pilosella, Linn. Goi n on heaths. m, Fries 1. ga Dale Blackwell Dale, Whitelegy ; Ca Whitehead : st Dal £7: rilgatum, Fries. _ Miller’ Dale, West; Buxton! Matlock HZ. tridentatum, Fries. IV. iin n-in-the-Elms, Harris. HZ. prenanthoides, Vill. I. Miller’s Dale, W, hiteleqy. Al. umbellatum, Linn. I. Goyt’s Bridge, Buxton! IV. Eggin- ton, Harris ; Willington ! H, boreale, Fries. I. Common, woods and heaths. Jasione montana, Linn. I. Ambergate, Harris; Dove Dale ! Duffield ! oe’: glomerata, Linn. I. Rare! Trachelium, Linn. I. Monks Dale, West; Miller’s Dale, Baile Y ese Dale ! tifolia, Linn. I. Baslow, Bailey; Marple, Whitehead ; Wadinak: and Miller’s Dale, West ! Cressbrook Dale! Monsal Dale! Castleton! IV. Repton Rocks, yt Repton Shrubs ! C. rotundifolia, Linn. Comm C. patula, Linn. Stapenhill, Harris Vaceinium Oxycoccos, Linn. I. Thre ve Edge, Buxton! Axe Edge ;. Coombes cen, ‘West; Charleswo rth, Whitehead. V. Vitis-idea, Linn. I. Gloss op Moors, Bailey ; ‘Axe Edge! V. Myrtillus, ‘Linn. Common on moors. Aretostaphy ylos Uva-ursi, Wim, I. Stenior Jae Kinder Erica Tetralix, Linn. moors. Ey cinerea, Linn. I. ‘Goyt’s Cloagl): IV. Shirley Wood, er Calluna vulgaris, Salisb. I. Common on moors., TV. Gresley, Harris. 2k 250 HE FLORA OF DERBYSHIRE. Ligustrum vulgare, Linn. I. Ashford Dale, Hannan; Monk's Dale, West. IV. Mickleover ! Burton-on-Trent, Harris Erythraa Centaurium, Pers. I. Dove Dale! IV. Burton-on- Trent, Harris; Ockbroo Gentiana Amarella, Linn. I. Buxton! Wormhill, West; Crich, Whitelegg ! Polemonium caruleum, Linn. I. Buxton! Ashford Dale ; Youlgreave, Bailey ; Dove Dale, Purchas; Chrome Hill, Buxton ! IV. Drakelowe, Harris. Convolvulus arvensis, Linn. IV. Common. C. sepium, Linon. IV. Common. Solanum Dulcamara, Linn. IV. Com aap aed niyer, Linn. I. Over Haddon, Bailey. IV. Sta- Pérbasoun ye ee Linn. I. Cromford, Harris; Dove Dale ! . Rar V. nigrum, Linn. 4, ioe "Bailey & oe Serophularia eae Horn. IV. Com S. nodosa, Linn. IV. Co Digitalis p atid, Linn. Common. Linaria Cymbalaria, Mill. I. Matlock oe ieee 1. ye Dale ! : -, Desf. I. Miller's Dale, Whitelegg ; ian + Peak Forest Railay ‘Staton. Wild. onica heder nee Linn. IV. Com y. zolita, ‘on ernie Smith + "Milton, Harvis. V. agrestis, Li V. Dh chased ee “iy. se a on-Trent, Harris; Chellaston! Derb V. arvensis, Lann.. LV. oe: ys ws Lagi Linn. Comm Ve ate is, Linn. I. Axe Bdge ! IV. Morley ! Burton-on- Trent, Harris. Ve Chena ys, Linn, Comm V. montana, Linn. IV. Repida Shrubs, Harris; Dale Abbey Woods ! V. seutellata, Linn. I. Coombe’s Moss! IV. Burton-on-Trent, Harris; Morley Moor ! 1,48 ne Linn. Ser V. Beccabunga, Linn. Com Euphrasia officinalis, Linn. i ‘Heaths and ened pastures. Bart dontites, Huds. I, IV. Heaths, common. Pedicularis palustris, age IV. Repton Beoké; Harris. P, sylvatica, Linn. IV. ne Sac de Rhinanthus nese Linn. Melampyrum pratense, soi Baathi, eo Lathrea Squamaria, Lin I. Mellor, Hedi Matlock Bath, Harris; Via Gellia ! Monat "Dale! IV. Dale Abbey Woods! (To be continued). 251 SHORT NOTES. Viona tactea, Sm., iy Bucks.—While botanising with Mr. Bolton King, of Balliol College, in Dropmore Park, on some damp heathy ground near the artificial water, we found a few specimens of Viola lactea: in a small pond near, Littorella lacustris, Peplis Portula, and fine Callitriche hamulata were seen.—G. ©. Drvuce. ZANNICHELLIA MacRosTEMON, Gay.—This has been found lately e canal near Oxford, and also in the Thames, growing in g i Sandling Park, Hythe, Kent. It may have originally escaped from the rectory-gardens at Saltwood, some half mile distant; but it has been known by the villagers to occur for thirty or more years In the above mentioned locality 1 Scrrpus pauciriorus In Berxs.—This plant occurs in consider- able quantity in some meadows between South Hinksey and the Abingdon road, near Oxford, uecompanied by Rhynchospora alba.— G. C. Druce. Norra Bucxmncuamsurme Prants.—The following plants, mostly new records to ‘ Topographical Botany,’ have been lately noticed in North Bucks, principally near the Bedford and Northampton boundaries, The district of Brickhill is especially rich, and would 252 EXTRACTS AND NOTICES, doubtless repay ey search :—Ranunculus parviflorus, L., by the road-side near Calverton, ane it was shown me by the Rev. H. Wood. —Helletor fai, L., in hedgerows and thickets at Hanslope; and bet n Yardley Close and Olney I should be inclined to consider it er ag —Corydalis claviculata, DC., plentiful in Bow Brickhill woods.—Cardamine amara, L., very frequent by . : Walton and Bow Brickhill, also near Simpson and Woughton.— Trifolium medium, - thicket by road-side near Denbigh-hall.— Sedum Fabaria, L., Bow Brickhill woods.— Rosa tomentella, Leman, sI een over.—Vaceinium Myrtillus, L. “Bow Brickhill woods. caine nemorosus, ap Leckhampstead. — Salix fragilis, L., near side.—S. cinerea, L., Bow Brickhill woods.— ), with P. ee a natans, K. B., pond near Bletchley, Beachampton, —Juncus glaucus, eon, common and generally distributed.— Biephs setaceus, L., w Brickhill w oods.—Carex panicea, L., Hanslope rail- banks. be “yoniuli, Ty lane near Hanslope.— Aira precox, a Bow Brickhill.—Chara Yalta, L., canal, Wolverton. Drv Extracts and Notices of Books and Memoirs. OFFICIAL sasha fig 1880 OF THE tab Koto toed ed OF BOTANY THE BRITISH MUSEUM. ayes W. Carruruers, F.R.S. ordinary work of the Department has MARRY been in- kan by the preparations for, and the actual removal of the collections to the New Museum, and by the i ak arranging a _ from Bloomsbury to Kensington. The collection of fruits and seeds has been placed alongside of the plants in the - eat Herbarium, and elite in the same order. Owing to the want of fittings in the public gallery, only a small portion of the exhibited collections were transferred to Kensington in 1880. _ Attention has been given to the Rare of a good working library for the Department, rendered necessary by the separation of the collections from the Museum Library. Considerable time eg addition to the goin: was received from John W. Miers, EXTRACTS AND NOTICES. 258 Miers, _ E.R. 8., used when sarge on the numerous botanical the trustees, and became their varus in. 1879. Sixty-eight works, many of them voluminous and expensive illustrated pu ubli- cations, were presented by Mr. Miers, who desired that the books and plants should remain associated. While continuous work in the Herbarium has not been possible, many small collections have been incorporated during the year, especially of plants belonging to the Natural Orders Ster og Reseducea, Crucifere, and Gentianacee. e plants o elsea Gardens have been mounted and incorporated with the Herbarium. In the course of work the following Natural Orders have been 0 -arranged : — Capparidee, Malvacea, Rubiacea, Orchidea, Musci, i? g@, and Fungi her n added to ie Herbarium during the year a valuable collection of plants from the pia um bg ey ‘ee consisting of 422 species, formed and presented by Dr. J. y Aitchison ; 125 species of plants from Fee Bieta by orbes: 725 species of plants from Astrakan ; 151 species of plants from Songoria, collected by Schrenk; an interesting collection from Natal, by the V. Gr eenstock ; - small collection from the Sierra Nevada, Columbia, made by F. A. Simmons; a collection from Guatemala, made by Keck, a ae the Argentine PAE AN by Hieronymus; 984 plants of Northern Africa, collected doger ; 468 species from the South of Spain, collected by Huter, Porta, and Rigo; 448 species from Italy, collected by Strobl; and 200 species from. Sicily, collected by Lojacona. To the collection of cryptogamic plants have been sided 144 species of Ferns from Madagascar, collected by the Rev. G. Shaw; 50 species from Trinidad, collected by Fendler, and 150 species from Italy, in con- tinuation of the collections of the Cryptogamic Society; a small Series of Hepatica, in iatce aE from Rabenhorst, and 100 mosses from Fiedler; 100 species of European Lichens, by Raben- horst; and 150 from Egypt, collected by Larbalestier ; 800 species of European prin collected and named by Le Joli; a pee eol- ze. To the British Herbarium there have been added during the year a large collection of the plants of Oxfordshire, formed by t the late Alfred French , and consisting of 2482 specimens; and the set alte Herbarium of Lichens, formed by Mr. W. Joshua, con- tain 976 species (a small proportion being European), repre- sanied by 1500 labelled specimens. In | additio n to these, there found b Larbalestie To the iatalogisal collection there have been added 120 954 EXTRACTS AND NOTICES. preparations of Fungi, ave Zimmerman, and 189 preparations of cellular plants by Jos The collection of fruits and seeds has received a series of fruits from Java, from Mr. Forbes, including fine specimens of Pandanus Sama Oa the collection ss Lae es suitable for exhibition have been a large specimen of Welwitschia mirabilis, stems of Cycas ora pealby and of a miadawhias hs section of the stem of Borassus ethiopicus, a fine leaf of Corypha wmbraculifera, a branch with cones of Pinus Lag sabe and several specimens of wood presented by Sir Joseph D. Hooker, Director of Kew Gardens; 308 specimens of Indian ‘doth from the India Museum, through the Director of Kew Garders; stems of Areca concinna, Bauhinia scandens, Entada scandens, I'lacourtia Cataphracta, Anamirta Cocculus, Carallia integer- rima, Desmoncus major, Damenorops filare, Calamus rudentum, Licus elastica, and Bombax malabaricum, and the rhizome and stem 0 Bambusa Thouarsii, presented by Dr. Trimen, Director of the Botanic Gardens, Peradenya, Ceylon; stems of Metroxylon lave, Cycas circinalis, Areca Picks and Alsophila, and specimens of Myrmecodia from Java, collected by Mr. Forbes. he collection of drawings and engravings of plants has been considerably increased during the year. A large series, formed by the late W. Wilson Saunders, was purchased, and is being incor- porated with the general: collection, together mE 2517 further drawings and engravings. Five volumes, containing 928 original drawings of the ramifications of plants, made by John Miller for John, Earl of Bute, have been acquired; and twenty-five original drawings of Fungi by W. G. Smith. The number of visits paid during the year to the Herbarium for scientific inquiry and research was 788. The following foreign botanists may be specified as ‘einer used the Herbarium in con- nection with their investigations iM A. DeCandolle, of Geneva; Prof. Asa Gray, of ornare nig — of Kiel; Dr. Hauss- botanists, the following may be 5 specif ed :—Mr. J. G. Baker, Mr. A. W. Bennett, Mr. A. Bennett, Mr. Bisset, Dr. Braithwaite, Mr. C. B. Clarke, Rev. J. M. Crombie, the Messrs. Groves, Mr. W. P. Hiern, Mr. E. M. Holmes, Mr. Howse, Mr. B. D aydon Jackson, Mr. J. C. Mansel-Pleydell, Mr. 8. le M. Moore, and the Rev. W. W. Newbould. Mr. W. B. Hemstey has begun to publish, in the ‘ Gardeners’ Chronicle,’ a “ List se Garden Orchids, which bids fair to be a very usefol compilati The arrangement of the genera is that which will be kdonted th in 5 thie ‘Genera Plantarum,’ beginning with Pleurothallis ; and Mr. Hemsley has been fortunate in obtaining the entham, who has “‘ most generously placed the whole of his references, together with the manuscript descriptions of the genera, at the disposal of the compiler.’ The arrangement of the — is alphabetical. EXTRACTS AND NOTICES. 956 - Tue third volume of the ‘ Monographie Phanerogarum,’ of the MM. DeCandolle, just issued, contains the following monographs : —Philydracea, by Professor Caruel; bar _W. Bidie, ‘ On the Indian Coffee-leaf Diseas ——M. C. Cooke, ‘ The Coffee- leaf Disease in S. America’ (2 ta ‘Topographical Botany,’ 2 volumes, 1873-1874, the horizontal distribution of the species is —— through the 112 vice- counties. Altogether the earlier small octavos run on t out sixteen hundred pages, and the later poor of larger ais . four © . as 0 point bearing upon the evolution sane which attracted his attention from an early date, and on which he strongly advocated the views which are now generally current long before Darwin were dealing with species as if they possessed a clearly-mar and definitely separable individuality, their uncertain inequality formed one of his favourite theses. An article on the 262 HEWETT COTTRELL WATSON. which take pe as a a partially or wh pe His ss papers are to be found in Loudon’s ‘ mrennnh . as greniree in Sir Wm. Hooker’s ‘London Journal of Botany,’ in old series of the ‘ Phytologist,’ which dates from eat to “fhe and in the earlier volumes of this Journal. In the ‘ Phytologist’ he wrote not un nanan reviews and anonymous notices, but in his case anonymity is a very thin veil. His last word in print was the letter to Mr. Newbould on the subject'of the authorship of third edition of ‘English Botany,’ = appeared at page 80 of this Journal for March of the present yea e was the — on of the London Botanisal Society, as Dr. J. i. fo and M . Dennes have borne testimony in print. He did not join for some time after its commencement, but for several years he was the only good oeGedl botanist amongst the resident London members, and all the parcels were sent down to Thames Ditton for him to supervise. When Dr. Boswell under- took the curatorship, this of course was no longer necessary. ‘The ‘London Catalogue of British Plants’ is now in its seventh edition. The earlier editions were, I believe, almost entirely drawn up by Mr. Watson, whilst in the later ones he had Dr. islands possess a aeaiieg. interest. A surveying expedition was planned by the English Government, and the war steamer Styx detailed for the service, and notice was given to Sir Wm. Hooker that a botanist would be allowed a place on board if he would tion Sir William communicated wi r. Watson, and undertook the post on these conditions. Though much hampered made a collection of 338 out of a total flora of under 500 species, about one hundred of which were not known in the group before, several of them being new to science. Through this visit he in- troduced into cultivation several of the more interesting endemic Azoric plants, such as Campanuli Vidalii and Myosotis azorica. When in 1870 Mr. Godman planned a complete natural history of the work, which is not only valuable as a scientific production, but is in style eminently characteristic of its author uring his early years, long before railway times, he made many excursions in different parts of Britain, sipecally for the = of tracing out the vertical range of plants in the moun- tainous districts, a subject to which very little attention had been previously paid. A great part of what is given in the ‘ Cybele’ HEWETT COTTRELL WATSON. 2638 under this head is the result of his own field-work. For the last thirty years of ne life he travelled very little, and for many years before his death never spent a night away from his own house. Exchange Club a large supply of the rarer plants that came within the range of his daily excursions, selected and dried with characteristic care. His own British herbarium is a large one, and possesses a special relation to the ‘ Cybele,’ as he laid in the _specimens mainly to exhibit not so much the characters as the Geperaph in! range of the species. When ‘ Topographical Botany s finished, he entertained at one time the notion of making a Sir H ey oe Alphonse ean a downward, pro- tested energetically a t the aaghgesk out of the idea, and it was finally settled that on ae death it should * offered to Kew. His letters were always thought out carefully, and so full of matter so pithily expressed that, as one who is peculiarly well qualified to judge remarked at his funeral, a ictcat from them would be worth ppeneuas on literary grounds alone. xt to Botany, the subject that most engaged his attention was Phrenology. Whilst studying at Edinburgh he ma ade the acquaintance of George Combe (whose estimate of his agg and capabilities I have already sie), and, through him, of brother Andrew and Dr. Spurzheim This is not the place es attempt an appreciation of his work in this field, and I am not in the least qualified to deal with the subject. He always maintained that Phrenology rested on a sound scientific basis. His two oem dam works are ‘Statistics of lle et being o He edited the ‘ Phrenological J ournal’ tl 183 1840, cua wrote various articles in it at other aren His ata ‘i giving up the editorship, as stated in ‘Men o e Time,’ is so charac- teristic, that I cannot aan ae eventually withdrew psy it, on tee that grave o: fence given to more zealous advocates of that study, through his res freely pointing out the imperfect character Pe its evidences and definitions, and the nee ed of more exact inves ms.’ 264 HEWETY COTTRELL WATSON. sent = it = Sir J. D. Ho oker, who was thirteen or ep Professor Babington, Dr. Boswell, and Mr. Watson, were ardent entomologists niga hey finally settled down to Botany. man of great individuality and of many-sided character, and I have often pig mused to note how differently different people estimated him, according to the parts of his dis- position with which they had been brought in contact. scientific point of view, he finished the task which in early life he set himself to accomplish with admirable perspicacity and com- pleteness. When M. Alphonse DeCandolle lately made out a a of botanical epochs, he counted the publication of the ‘ Cybele’ one of them, But in some ta it was not the ae ak of his ness that his published writings show. With him botanical eography is not simply a gathering together of statistics, and a pain his little weakness and shortcomings ae in print. He se an argumen ea man who can ride well loves a gallop on a spirited horse. He was accurate Abt sléad- headed to a rondlaetel Re bungling and blundering. He was a pionee m a firm macadamised road he had much rubbish to shovel sas He was @ man of warm temper and strong prejudices ; and if he once got a notion that a man was radically careless or con- ame up. One of his pet prejudices was an objection to new names ed a. and the -givers were a favourite target for his ar nie thus it comes that those old papers in often full of lively reeedtial interest. ‘Ah!’ he said more a same slashing critic was in some ways almost mor- bidly self-distrustful and considerate of other people’s feelings. Although he wrote so much, he never seemed to like beg! a ae oo be sold; and so several of them never foun A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS PITCAIRNIA, 265 the moment to make any suitable response, because it was so unexpected. The encouragement and help w he gave to many . : : gratitude and affection. On this point I can myself insist with emphasis, for when I left school and became immersed in business engagements, and was surrounded by friends and relations who ew and cared nothing about Botany, I should probably have critical plants and fill up gaps in their herbaria, in referring back to his notes and catalogues (as he was as o do so often in his latter years), to explain the details on the faith of which he had stated some record in general terms, his patience and assiduity were elt and no one but pag mie lived with him knew what a large proportion of his tim often occupied in this way. In helping by money to the fall « orton of his pecuniary means, and by judicious counsel, such of his iends and acquaintance as fell into illness and misfortune, his liberality was very great. Such traits as these can, from the nature of the case, live only in the pans of one here and another there who knew him by personal contact His funeral took place at the rustic church of the village with which he has been so long identified, on the afternoon of Wednes- day, August 8rd. The closed shutters of the village shops testified to the respect in which he was held by his neighbours, and, in addition to his relatives, the following botanists resident in London ps the neighbourhood were ads :—Sir J. D. Hooker, the Hon. . Warren, the Rev. 7 ak Blow, Boulger, Britten, Dyer, H. Groves, and B. D. Ja ekeon: A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS PITCAIRNIA. By J. G. Baxer, F.R.S. (Continued from p, 233.) 19. P. runruracea, Jacq. Bete 117, t. 79; Sims in Bot. Mag. t. 2657.—P. ramosa, Jacq. Eelog. 154. —Tyeaves linear, about 2 ft. long, about an inch broad, acuminate, not distinctly sata naked on the rane, white- rags on the bac foot long; axis stout and floccose ; pedicels ascending, }-} in. long ; bracts poe as long as the pedicels. Sepals ying His i-{ in. long. Pet guna in. long, bright, red, Seale at the - Nige and style “i protr . uded.— " mes ne eae specific met Jlg@e ecg a. Co fp Blumenb. 24, t. 8.— P. affinis, K. Koch, Mon. 5.—Leaves linear, 14-2 ft. long, an inch broad at the middle, acuminate, not distinctly petioled, green and 266 A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS PITCAIRNIA. naked on the face, white-furfuraceous on the back, spine- -margined towards the base. Peduncle 2 ft. or more long, with many ‘erect leaves. Raceme dense, cost simple, 3-9 in. beng axis slightly cottony; pedicels ascending, the lower %-4 in. long; bracts a gat often twice as long as the pedicels. Sepals lanceolate, | n. long. Petals bright red, twice as long as the sepals, scaled at the base. Stamens and style not exserte oe rtinique, Hahn, 855! 582! 879! 1052! Venezuela, Cruger! Differs from latifolia by its simple dense racemes and large Cae ; so that itis midway between latifolia and bracteata. 21, P. pracreata, Dryand. in Ait. Hort. Kew. rae - ii. 202; Hook. in Bot. Mag. t. 2813.—P. latifolia, Red. Lil. on Ait.—P. Gireoudiana, Dietr. in Allgem. Gartenzeit. xxi. me a F commutata, Regel Gartenfl. 1867, 289, t. 557.—Le in a dens t, linear, aves tuft, 13-2 ft. long, 3-1 in. broad, acuminate, not p etioled, ae ately firm in texture, entire or slightly prickly eat the base, green and naked on the face, white-furfuraceous on the back. Peduncle a foot long, stout, floecose, with numerous reduced leaves. Raceme lowe 1-14 | in. lon ot the upper shorter. Sepals lanceolate, 3-1 in. bea. Petals in the type bright red, decurving, wunecand, 2 pee as long as the sepals, scaled at the base. Stamens and style a long as the sepals alae Vincents, Ander ‘son! Guilding! LP. sulphur io Andrews Bot. Rep. t. 249, is a variety we alloy flowers. jaa have Pe en vila in cultivat 22. P. aura, Sata Retzi i B.-P.2 nosa, K. Koch Monogr. 5, non. Jacq.—Acaulescent, Hen ts Ha Heine Leaves 12-20 toa eGR, hag 8 ft. long, 3-1in. broad at the middle, very acuminate, arrow in. oi the dilated base but not distinctly spaticlod, pt -edged towards the base, green and naked on the face, white-furfuraceous on the back. Peduncle WB . one below the inflorescence, floccose, with many reduced Racemes e which | are b) imitiabaisia intermedia, and Skinneri. My deotription is mainly taken from a plant that flower ed at Kew in August, 1877. Mr. Bull had it in flower in October, de . CoNsIMILIS, Baker.— ery like P. ferruginea, but much smaller in all +04 hago mien linear, sessile, broad at the e, firm in texture, very acuminate, channelled down the alii face, white- furfuraceous on the back, prickle- margined all the way up. Pedunele glabrescent, a foot long be below the inflorescence, all its leaves oe act-like. Racemes: 8-6, very lax, in. arranged in an ample panicle, the end one a £00 Jon, ng; pedicels daeadinty 4-3 in. long; bracts obieag: intoedets) scariose, densely A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS PITCAIRNIA. 267 ferrugineo-pubescent on the back, the lower as long as the pedicels, the upper half as long. Sepals lanceolate, glabrescent, about an inch long. Petals whitish, spirally twisted after expansion, more than twice as long as the sepals. Sta and style included.— Andes of gem sechaghirate and cubideiind: ear alt. 8500-12,000 feet, Mandon, 1178! 24. P. pias an Hook. in Bot. Mag. t. 4540. —Lamproconus Jacksoni, Lemaire, Jard. Fleur. t. 127. —Acaulescent. Leaves in a dense tuft, linear, a foot or more ane: 4-2 in. broad at the middle, wed t abov serrated fs ‘ae upper half oss mer naked on the face, white- urfuraceous on the back. Peduncle short. Ra: aceme lax, simple, edic in. lanceolate, not more than half as long as the pedicels. Sepals lanceolate, 4-3 in. long. Petals bright red, three times as long as the sepals, scaled at the base. Stamens reaching to the tip of the petals. Stigma cao! exserted.—Guatemala, imported by Jackson, of rere about 1850. P. suspeti oer Baker.—Acaulescent. Leaves with a deena! petiole a re: long; spine- ere at the dilated base, with an entire linear lami 8 ft. long, } in. broad at the middle, datowed very aatualy i Poth ends, green and naked on the face, white-furfuraceous on the back. Peduncle above 3 ft. long, with s Valley, Spc fae 8054! promewimrouia, L’Herit. Sert. 7, t. 11; Swartz Fl. Ind. Occ. 1971, t. 12; Bot. Mag. t. 884; Red. Lil. t. 75; Lindl, in Bot. Reg. t. 1011 _—Acaulescent. Leaves in a dense tuft, linear, 2-8 ft. ’ road at the middle, acuminate, not distinctly petioled, spine- -edged towards the base, green and glabrous on the face, white-furfuraceous on the back. Peduncle about a foot long below the inflorescence, furnished with several long leaves. Racemes —. or slightly compound, reaching a foot in length, lax, with a lightly- -floccose —_ scale pedicels 3-1 in. long, is a specim n in the Smithian herbarium from the younger Papen es ae one at the British Museum from Chelsea Gardens sl ada ing from the description . wh i ylla, Schrad., is a robust broad- reat variety of this speci 268 A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS PITCAIRNIA. bright lingulate, 2in. long. Genitalia included.— Known to me aaly' sy garden specimen in K. ‘Koch's collection, where it ~ labelled P. Jacksoni. corcovapEnsis, Wawra Bot. Ergeb. 160, t. 27. —Aca 2-8 ft. long, 3-3 in. broad at the middle, thin in texture, tapering to both ends, green on both sides, entirely free from pr oe down to the base. Peduncle — cosa 1-14 ft. long. Racem lax, simple; lower pedicels 4-3 in ; bracts lanceolate, lobia than the pedicels. faoalt naked, Mee ihe reddish, 3—3 in. long. Petals bright red, 24 in. long, scaled at the base. Stamens nearly as long as the petals. Style exserted.—South Brazil, near Rio 29..P.c A. Dietr. in Allgem. Gartenzeit. xviii. 202. say i ln n ienadaek sects 5 Sait Booailes 14 ft. long, ‘ee in, broad at middle, quite without spines down the base, green on both sides, with only a few scattered brown lepidote spots beneath. Pedunele a foot long, naked, with att reduced lanceolate leaves. Racemes ents simple, about 3 ft. long; rachis dotted with lepidote scales, but not at all floccose ; pedicels ascending, the lower 3-1 in. long; sate lanceolate- acuminate, as long as the pedicels. ing ete naked, 3-3 in. long. Petals bright red, lingulate, - long, not scaled at the base. Stamens as long as the petals. specimen 30. ng Pe aon ges Schultes fil. Syst. vii. 1289.—P. ringens, Klotzsch in Link, Klotzsch et Otto Ic. Rar. Berol. 68, t. 23; Regel Gartenflora, t. 53.—P. splendens, Warez. in Otto et Dietr. m. Gartenzeit. xix. ae —P. Warcewicziana, montalbensis et Fula gens, Hort.—Acaulescent. Produced leaves linear, 14-2 ft. long, 4—} in. broad, acuminate, distinctly petioled, green on both sides, moderately in texture, usually without prickles. Peduncle 1-2 ft. long, slightly apeions with m many reduced leaves. Raceme Karwinski, Finck! Well known in cultivation. My description is taken from a plant that flowered with Messrs. Veitch in June, 1877. A plant, gathered by Botteri in the province of Orizaba (No. 911), differs from the type by its broader leaves, densely cottony raceme, rachis and pedicels, and larger sepals. A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS PITCAIRNIA. 269 31. P. sparnacea, Griseb. Symb. Fl. Argent, ii. (1878), 329.— Leaves linear, 2-8 ft. long, an inch broad, spine-edged at the base only, slightly furfuraceous on the upper seu glabrescent bene Racemes several, arranged in a lax panicle, 6-8 in Treuss pedicels very short ; bracts lanceolate, sbaohing about half- way up the flowers. Sepals lanceolate, very acuminate, an inch long. Petals } in. longer than the calyx, sealed at the is _— Argentine Territory, on the banks of the Rio Janeiro, Lore . Lecutert, Baker.—Whole plant about ft. hi gh. “Outer unproduced leaves with a lo ong pectinate rigid tip, as in P. hete- rophylla and pungens. Produced leaves linear, entire, not petioled, mee ae firm in texture, green and glabrous on both surfaces, 14-2 fi g, 3-1 in. broad at the middle, narrowed to both ends. Pe dentla i ne 2, ft. long, all its leaves much reduced, the lower spine-edged. Racemes several, arranged in a lax panicle ; end one dense in the upper half, 8-10 in. long; skis not at all floccose ; dicels very short; . long Sepals lanceolate, glabrous, 4 in. long. Petals bright red, half as as ong again as the sepals. Stamens and style included.— linear, above 1 ft. long, a in. broad, gale ‘from the middle to the apex and more gradually to the base, without teeth, not petioled, green and glabrous on both surfaces. Peduncle about 1 ft. long, floccose, all its leaves small and bract-like. Raceme lax, simple, 3-6 in. long ; rachis densely floccose ; pedicels ascending, the lower }-} in. long; bracts lanceolate, co “i ny» the aes er ' 3-1 in. long. Sepals lanceolate, acuminate, floccose, 1 in. long ; petals bright red, twice as long as the sepals. Biaitans and style included.—Canta, Peru, Maclean 84. P. nupa, Baker sgeseeyena Leaves not seen fully deve- loped, linear, acuminate, § ine-edged in the lower part, green and glabrous on both surfaces. a 1 ft. or more etigh glabrous, its leaves much reduced and spine-margined. Racemes in a deltoid panicle 2 ft. long, with Siti ocak branches, a long; axis slender, naked; pedicels drooping, 3-1 in. long; bracts minute, lanceolate. Sepals lanceolate, acuminate, glabrous, 14 in. long, twisting together when the flower fades. Betals bright red, not more } in. longer than the sepals. Stamens included. Stigma exserted. Seeds minute, wedge-shaped, with a broad white horny border surrounding the nucleus on all sides but one, not tailed at either end.— British Guiana, on the banks of the Rapammi, 582 Appun, 1582. 85. P. suaveotens, Lindl. in Bot. re: +. 1069. Fae ge Produced leaves linear, 14 ft. long, 3-3 . broad at the mid inate, not petioled, entirely pba: prickles, green mad Daiene on both surfaces. le above 1 ft. long, naked, with many mapspagateie es leaves. Raceme 6-8 in. long, simple, mode- rachis glabrous, pedicels ascending, }-4 in. lo bracts a eles naked, the lower 1-1} in. long. Sepals b suediaen. 270 A SYNOPSIS OF THE ‘GENUS PITCAIRNIA. glabrous, 1 in. long. Petals twice as long as the sepals, lingulate, subsecund, whitish, scaled at the base. Stamens included. Stigma finally exserted—Organ Mountains, South Brazil, ra pe 5895 ! Introduced into pileagon.| in 1826. I cannot, from t escription, separate ?. micrantha, Lindl. in Bot. Reg. xxix., Misc. eve imported from Rio by Sir Chas ay eee of Garelen in 1841. This may be Tillandsia levis, Vellozo. Flum. iii. t. 126, = Pitcairnia levis, Beer. Brom. 60. o &, peng kik Herb. in Bot. Mag. t. 2642.—Cochliopetalum albifios, Beer Brom, 68.—P. odorata, Regel Gartenfl. 1855, 46, t. 114.—Tillandsia Schuchii, Fenzl. in Otto et Dietr. Allgem. Gartenzeit. ag 266 Sy octugtery Schuh Beer Brom. 69.— Leaves man a tuft, linear, 14-2 ft. long, 4-3 in. broad at the middle, cbstrely petiole, eee any its iy green and glabrous on both surfaces, acum Pedunele 1-— . long, its lower leaves eh its upper fort fen bract- like. Raceme simple, lax, lanceolate, glabrous, 2 in. long. Petals white, three times as long as the sepals, scaled at the base, revolute at the tip after expansion. mens as long as the petals. Stigma exserted.—Rio Janeiro, Glaziou 8022! 8023! Introduced into cultivation about 1826. S far as the description goes P. elata, Liebm. Ind. Sem. Hort. Hafn. nln 14, agrees with this, but it is said to come from Hast 87. P. ANDREANA, ae Cat. 1878; Il. Hort, n. 8. t. 189, Baker in Bot. Mag. t. 6480.—P. ae in Act. Hort. . P. prurno osa, . _ Nov. Gen. i. aa —Produced leaves lanceolate, 14-2 ft. long, ae Fg in. broad, acuminate, spine-edged towards the base, green and glabrous on the. face when mg ee a A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS PITCAIRNIA. 271 xix, 26.—-P. Decaisnei, K. Koch Monogr. 5.—Acaulescent. Outer rudimentary leaves pectinate. aad uced leaves as many as twenty to a tuft, ensiform, 2-3 ft. long, 1-14 in. bro ad at the middle, obscurely petioled, erectly falonte, very acum sire green and glabrous on the face, white and distinctly lineate all over ~ back, margined with sm all green ascending prickles all the wa and larger black ones towards the base. Peduncle 8 ft. long below the inflorescence, copiously leafy. Racemes — very lax, in, long, forming a deltoid panicle; pedicels asc g,+4 in. ong ; racts minute, lanceolate; rachises bright op Recor or ven naked. Sepals bright red, lanceolate, glabrous, 3-3 in. lon petals bright red, 2-21 in. long, with a large ‘muabele sale at the b tamens and stigma not open razi plant, well-known in cultivation. We had it at Kew as long ree Ga 71858, but I have not been able to meet = wild examples. . Ourersnu, Link in Verhand. d. Ver. z. Bef. d. Gartenb. Vii. 368, ey 3.—P. L’ Herminieri, Hort .—Acaulescent. Produced leaves ensiform, distinctly hii 2-8 feet long, 12-16 lines broad at the middle, acuminate, green and naked on the face, white-furfuraceous on the aie neither iain nor petiole spine- edged. Peduncle 2-8 ft. long, its lower leaves long, its upper much reduced and bract-like, Raceme simple, rather dense, reaching t ; oO. ng; ding, epee . lon bracts lanceolate, as long as or longer than the pedicels. Sepals lanceolate, glabrous, an inch long. Petals bright red, lingulate, 2-21 in. long, scaled at the base. Stamens and style about as long as nes petals.—Rio Janeiro, age 8021 ! P. ruammea, Lindl. in Bot. Reg. t. 1092.—Acaulescent. Produced leaves ensiform, 2-2} it. long, 1-1} im. broad at the middle, not distinctly petioled, acuminate, green and glabrous on the face, persistently white- piteaiead on ise back, not at all spine-margined. Peduncle 1-1} ft. long, bright t red, copiously leafy. Raceme rather rca ogee +1 ft. long ; rachis thinly tig : on rocks of the Organ Mountains, Gardner, ae Introduced _ Into cultivation about 1826. I expect it will prove to be conspecific —P, onan R. & P. Fl. Peruv. t. 260.—P. lon gifolia, Hook. in Bot. Mag. t. 4775.—P. evcelsa, E. Morren in Belg. Hort., 1875, ange rachises floccose ; pedicels i IV. Burton-on-Trent, Harris ; Bre ads all ! wrosus, var. viridis, Sibth. I. Ba kewell, Bailey ; Miller’s Dale West, IV. Burton-on-Trent, Harris R. obtusifolius, Auct. I. Dove Dale! IV. Burton-on-Trent, Harris. R. crispus, Linn. Commo R. Hydrolapathum, Bute IV. Burton-on-Trent, Harris ; Swarkostoue ! Osmaston-by-Derby. *R. alpinus, Linn. I. One vaip | Grange, Monies Bailey. R. Acetosa, Linn. I. Buxto IV. Burton-on-Trent, Harris. Polygonum Convolvulus, Linn. Common. P. aviculare, Linn. Common. P. Hydropiper, Linn. Common. . Persicaria, Linn. Common. P. amphibium, Linn. IV. Bretby Ponds, Harris; Osmaston- by-Derby ! : a Bistorta, Linn. I. ill Hannan; Wormhill, Da aphne Laureola, Linn. I. Cromford, and IV. Morley, Whit- taker ; Ockbrook, Smith. Empetrum nigrum, Linn. I. Oph: Bonet Bailey; Axe Edge! Euphorbia Hetosnnie ai Com FE. Peplus, Linn. I. exigua, Link: Iv. "Caahdvel, aol ; Ockbrook ! Mercurialis perennis, Linn - Parietaria diffusa, Koch. Iv. Repton Urtica dioica, Linn. Comm U. . Common i ‘ bina Lupulus, Linn. . Linton, Harris. Ulmus montana, Sm. I. Lathkill Dale! IV. Burton-on- rris. Quercus Robur, Linn., var. pedunculata, Ehrh. IV. Morley! Fagus sylvatica, Linn. IV. Kedleston! Burton-on- -Trent, Harris. Corylus Avellana, Linn. Comm alt vere Betulus, Linn. I. an Mellor, Wild. IV. Bretby, ; tisha ree Linn. I. Dove Dale. IV. Derby! Burton- on-Trent, Harr Bula alba, Tien: IV. Common. 296 THE FLORA OF DERBYSHIRE. ane alba, Linn. I. Ashwood Dale! IV. Burton-on-Trent, oe tremula, Linn. ¥ Cressbrook Dale, Sutherland. P. canescens, 8m. I. Marple, Wild. IV. Bretby, Harris. Salix pentandra, Linn. I. Ashwood Dale! IV. Hognaston, Smith ; tae Harris. S. frag , Linn. I. Marple, and Mellor, Hannan. IV. Kg- ginton, al S. alba, Linn. I. Cromford, Sunderland ¢ Hannan. IV. Eg- ginton, Harris. Var. vitellina, Linn. IV. Burton-on-Trent, Hipvia . purpurea, Linn. I. Marple, Hannan. IV. Burton-on- rris. S. rubra, Huds. I. Marple, Hannan. IV. Burton-on-Trent, Harris. Var. Heliz, Linn. I. Marple, Hannan. IV. Burton-on- rris. . vininalis, Linn. Comm 8. Smithiana, Willd. I. Macs: Wild. S. cinerea, Linn., var. aquatica, Auct. I. Marple, Wild. IV. Burton-on Trent, Harris S. aurita, Linn. I. Stirrup Wood, Charlesworth, Whitelegg. ur H. - (8. Caprea, Linn. I. Ma rple, Hannan. IV. Burton-on-Trent, Harris; Osmaston Park, Ashbourne, Smith. S. ig as I. Mellor, Hannan. Var. spathulata, Willd. ud Typha thie ie. I. River Etherow, Hannan. IV. Burton- on-Trent, Harris ; Willington dif angustifolia, Linn. IV. Rare, Morley, Whittaker. Sparganium ramosum, Huds. I. Dove Dale! IV. Normanton- by-Derby ! Burton-on- Trent, Harvis. ‘Common. Lemna minor, Linn. Common. Potamogeton natans, Linn. Com P. perfoliatus, Linn. IV. Burien’ -on- inl eee Har crispus, Lin nn. I. Dove Dale! IV. Looko Park: Derby ! Burton-on-Trent, Harris; Repton, Hager. a Linn. ; P. zosterifolius, Schum. IV. Diakalowe, Harris ; Spondon ! P. pectinatus, Linn. IV. Drakelowe, Harris; Derby ! P. filiformis, Nolte. IV. Rare, near Ashbourne, Smith. Zannichellia a ge oe Linn. I. Miller’s Dale, Bailey. IV. Eggi ; Ockbrook ! Triglochin cae. Linn. I. Miller’s Dale, West. o> i sagittifolia, Linn. IV. Burton-on-Trent, Harris; ‘Chaddesden ! Alisma Plantago, Linn. IV. Common. He eyes umbellatus, Linn. IV. Burton-on-Trent, Harris ; rby ! . a a Mich. IV. Repton, Hagger; Burton-on- rent, H Orchis eens. Linn. I. Matlock Bath, Bailey; Dove Dale! ILl.. Annesley, near Mansfield, Smith. THE FLORA OF DERBYSHIRE. 297 0. — Linn. I. Rare, Matlock, Whiteleyy. O. Morio, Linn. I. Matlock Bath, Whiteleyy. IV. Sead Whittaker ; Sioeiaiata by-Derby ! Burton-on- Trent, Ha O. mascula, Linn. Common 0. latifolia, Linn. I. Monsal Dale, Bailey. - shapes Linn. ; enia eee —_ I. Wormhill, West; Masson, Monet "Bath | IV. rook. Habenaria viridis, Bea I. Buxton! Matlock slg es III. Annesley, near Mansfield, Smith. IV. Forem H, chlorantha, Bab. I. Lathkill Dale; Matlock Bath, Whitelegy. Ophrys apifera, Huds. I. Matlock Bath, Rowlands ; Monsal oe ! III. Annesley, near Mansfield, Smith. O. muscifera, Huds. I. Matlock Bath! III. Annesley, near Mansfield, Smith Listera ovata, Brown. I. Buxton, West; Cressbrook Dale, Hannan; Via Gellia! IV. Burton-on-Trent, Harris. Neottia Nidus-avis, Reich. I. Lathkill Dale, Whitelegg ; Dove Dale, Smith. Epipactis ee Auct. I. Dove Dale! Cressbrook Dale! Chatsworth, Harris; Cromford, Smith. IV. Calke, Purchas. Tris Pataddcome, Linn. IV. Osmaston-by-Derby! Willington ! Crocus nudiflorus, Sm. IV. Derby ! arcissus Pseudo-narcissus, Linn. I. Whatstandwell! Horsley Castle, Whittaker. IV. Spondon, Smith. *N. poeticus, Linn. IV. Kedleston! Galanthus nivalis, Linn. IV. Morley, Whittaker; Elvaston, Tamus communis, Linn. IV. Com : ; Paris quadrifolia, Linn. I. Matlock “Bath, West; Via Gellia! IV. Burton-on-Trent, Harris. Polygonatum ocinal ‘AN I. Rare, near Ashbourne, Purchas. Convallaria majalis, Linn. I. Dove Dale, Purchas ; Lat Dale, Whitelegg ; oneal Dale! Via Gellia. cilla nutans Common. Allium vineale, Linn., var. compactum, Thuill. I. Castleton, Hannan ; Dove Dale, Purchas. IV. Sawley, near Derby, Smith. A, sursinutin, Linn. IV. Burton-on-Trent, Harris; Breadsall ; C m autumnale, Linn. IV. Foremark Meadows, Harris ; Morley, Whittaker ; Breadsall ! Luzu sylvatica, a I. Mellor, Hannan. IV. Repton Shrubs! Drakelowe L. ca tris, DG. Comin ¢ sty ris sland Sm. IV. Burton-on-Trent, pt aa ahi rt . IV. Common. . omm J. glaucus . Sibth. IV. Deskelows, Harris; Breads sall ! J. acutiflorus, Ehrh. I. Axe Edge! IV. Spondon, Smith. 2@ 298 THE FLORA OF DERBYSHIRE. ~ J. lamprocarpus, Ehrh. IV. Spondon, Smith. J. supinus, Moench. I. Axe Hdge! J. bufonius, Linn. IV. Near Repton Shrubs! J. squarrosus, Linn. I. Axe Edge! IV. Gresley, Harris Blysmus compressus, Panz. I. Miller’ s Dale, Whitelegg ; Dove ale ! Scirpus palustris, Linn. IV. — S. cespitosus, Linn. I. Axe Edge! S. lacustris, Linn. IV. Burton-on-Trent, Harris; Swarkestone Bridge ! Eriophorum vaginatum, Linn. I. Axe Edge! Moors, N. Derby- shire, West Ez. oes: Roth. I. Coombes Moss, Buxton! Moors, N. Derbyshire, West. IV. Repton Rocks ! arex pulicaris, Linn. I. Stur ~~ Wood, Charlesworth, Lica fap Monks Dale, West ; Road near Harper’s Hill, Buxton ! a, Huds. I. La thkill Dale, "Whitelegg. 2 sar ae, Linn. I. Charlesworth, Hannan. IV. Repton Rocks, Harris; Kedleston ! C. ‘vulpina, Linn. IV. Burton-on-Trent, Harris ; Willington ! Kedleston ! muricata, Linn. I. Monsal Dale, Whitehead; Lathkill Dale, Sunderland. IV. Stanton- by-Bridge, Harris. Var. pseudo-divulsa. I. Lathkill Dale, Bailey. C. stellulata, Good. IV. Breadsall Moor! Burton-on-Trent, Harris. C. remota, Linn. I. Marple, Wild. IV. Egginton, Harris; Breadsall Moor ! C. curta, Good. I. Axe Edge, West C. ovalis, Good. I. Axe Edge, West ; Marple, esi Dove Dale ! AY Ockbrook, Smith ; Burton-on- ‘Trent, Har IV. Stap C. slasuiis Beies, I. Axe Edge, Wat mozie: ane Miller’s iy oe IV. Repton Rocks ! Burton-on- Trent, H cop. I. Marple and Miller’s Dale, Wild: Mat tlock Baik any Derby! Burton-on-Trent, Harris. Var. stictocarpa, Sm. I. Mons ee West. C. digitata, Linn. I. Monsal Dale, Percival & Rogers rah nie pl Willd. I. Miller’s Dale, discovered by the late Mr. Rogers ; Cressbrook ee Bailey. C. pilulifera, Linn. — Whitehead; Monk’s Dale, West. IV. Burton- ja le Ha C. pracoxw, Jacq. I. Miller’s Dale and Marple, Wild ; Dove Dale, Rev. J. H. Thompson. IV. Little ne Burton-on- Trent, Harris. rs oo Linn. I, Turndi Linn. Miller's s Dale and Marple, Wild. IV. Bross Moor! Repton Rocks ! C. pendula, Huds. I. Mellor, Hannan; Ludworth, Whitehead ; Miller's Dale and Marple, Wile C. aes Huds. I. Paes Dale! IV. Burton-on- Trent, Harris THE FLORA OF DERBYSHIRE. 299 C. ata, Sm. I. ne So ney Whitelegg ; near Harwood Grange, “Oheetabtiald, Sutherla C. binervis, Sm. I. Valley of the be: Axe Edge and Castleton, West. IV. Burton-on-Trent, H. C. fulva, Good. I. Stirrup Wood, fualeorie, Schofield ava, Linn., var. lepidocarpa, Tausch. I. Cha rlesworth Coombes, Schofield ; Axe Edge, Wild. IV. Morley Moor ! . hirta, Linn. I. Miller’s Dale, eat Monsal Dale, Hannan ; Ohailes workli Coombes, ee IV. Burton-on-Trent, Harris. osa, Good. Lathkill Dale, Hannan & Sunderland. arris . riparia, Curtis. I. Bakewell, West. IV. Hilton! Willington! Repton ! Burton-on-Trent, Harris C. rostrata, Stokes (C. ampullacea, Good.). Miller’s Dale, West; Bakewell and Baslow, Bailey ; Lathkill Dats Whitelegg. urton-on- -Trent, Harris. vesicaria, Lin a ihe Stirrup Wood, Charlesworth, Schofield ; Miller’ s Dale, W, Anthoxanthum odoratum, inn. IVY. Common Digraphis arundinacea, Trin. I. Miller’s Dale, Hannan. IV. Breadsall ! Holbrook, near tee a Harris. A. geniculatus, Linn. IV - Breadsall! Baten ta-tiivens; Harris. A. pratensis, Linn. I. Dove Dale! Phlewm pratense, Linn. I. Wormhill, West; Dove Dale! Var. nodosum, Linn. I. Ashford Dale, Hannan; Miller’s Dale, Whitehead ; Marple, Wild; Dove Dale! IV. Stapenhill, Harris. Agrostis alba, Linn. 'L. Gressbrook Dale! IV. Burton-on- rris. A, vulgaris, With. Heaths, comm Calamagrostis Epigeios, Roth. IV. “Gresley, Harris. C. lanceolata, Roth. IV. Gresley, H Phragmites communis, Trin. IV. kabiee Harris; Duffield! Milium effusum, Linn. IV. one Abbey Woods, Smith ; Aira caspitosa, Linn. I. pen Dale! Ashwood Dale! IV. Burton-on-Trent, Harris. flexuosa, Linn. I. Valley of the Goyt, Buxton! IV. Burton-on- -Trent, Harris. A. caryophyllea, Linn. I. Miller’s Dale, Hannan; Horsley Car! IV. Burton-on-Trent, Harris. A, precox, Linn. I. Miller’s Dale, Hannan. IV. Bretby Park, hs ena flavescens, Linn. I. Litton, Atego ; Buxton, Wild ; Miller’ s Dale, West. IV. Burton-on-Trent, A, pubescens ae I. Ashford Dale, Whitelegg : ; Miller’s Dale, Hannan ; Buxton, Wild. IV. Willington! Burton-on-Trent, Harris . pratensis, Linn. I. Miller’s Dale, Hannan. IV. Burton-on- rpg a , Linn. I. Miller’s Dale, West, IV. Willington! Bianco Hosvis, 800 THE FLORA OF DERBYSHIRE. Holeus mollis, — I. Valley of the Goyt, Buxton! IV. Burton-on webs git rris. H. la a akc IV. Comm Triodia ian Beauv. I. Valley of the Goyt, Buxton ! Koeleria cristata, Pers. I. Miller's Dale, Wild; Monsal Dale! Molinia caerulea, Moench. I. Newhaven! IV. Shirley Woods, Smith Meliva nutans, Linn. I. Cressbrook Dale, Whitelegg; Miller’s Dale, Wild; Monk’s Dale, West ; Dove Dale M. uniflora, Retz. I. Miller's Dale; Dove Dale! IV. Burton- on-Trent, Raiabroos’ aati Beauv. I. Near Ebbing and Flowing Well, Buxton, Purch Glyceria fitans, Br. IV. Com G. aquatica, Sm. IV. eouiaions Bridge! Willington ! Burton-on-Trent, Harr Selerochloa rigida, Link I. Miller’s Dale, Whitelegg. Poa eves Linn. Common. P. oepaaaet I. Wormhill, West; Miller’s Dale! IV. ibuvice-on? on- Trent H P. compressa, Se 1. Buxton, White P. pratensis, Linn. I. poperee 8 wane W Thaclogg. IV. Breadsall ry ! Barton: on-Trent, H. Mey. iabgs 5 Deve] Dale ! IV. Burton-on-Trent, dicks media, Linn. Common . Common. Festuca ovina, Linn. I. Valley of the Goyt, Buxton! IV. Horsley Car ! . rubra, Linn. I. Miller’s Dale, Hannan. IV. B on- Trent, hoes 0 duriuscula, Linn. IV. Horsley Gar! Beans on- Trent, H F. syleatia, a, Vill. I, Stirrup Wood, Charlesworth, Whitehead ; Ashwood Dale F, elatior, Linn. I. Miller’s Dale, Hannan. IV. Burton-on- Trent, Harris. F, pratensis, Huds. ae a Harris Bromus asper, Murr. Stirr p Wood, Biosiee: aed Dove Dale! Ashwood Dale! IV. Baten on-Trent, H B. erectus, Huds. I. Miller’s Dale, Hannan. ae B. sterilis, Linn. I. Horsley Car! IV. Burton-on- -Trent, B. seonlinus, Linn. I. a Whitehead. — Linn. IV. Com chypodium syleatioun R. &. 8. I. Cock's Bridge, Wild (cok Dale, Hannan; Ashwood Dale! Dove Dale! pinnatum, Beauv. I. Crich Stand, Whiteleg J. Gg. Triticum caninum, Huds. I, Matlock Bath, Sunderland. IV. Burton on-Trent, Harris THE FLORA OF DERBYSHIRE. 801 repens, Linn. I. Cressbrook Dale, Hannan. IV. Burton- on-Trent, Harris. perenne, Linn. Com Hordeum sylvaticum, Huds. 7 hdend cag Buxton, Babing- ton; Stirrup Wood, Charlesworth, Hannan H, murinum, Linn. IV, Commo Nardus stricta, Linn. I. Coombe’s Moss, Buxton! IV. Lin- ton Heath, Harris. Pteris aquilina, Linn. Common. Lomaria Spicant, Desv. I. Axe Edge! IV. Repton Shrubs, Harris. Asplenium Ruta-muraria, Linn. Com: A, Trichomanes, ion Ee Dove Dale! at, Pri ‘common ! A. viride, Huds. I. Very rare! Nearly ex A. Adiantum-nigrum, Linn. IV. Anchor Ghurgh: near Repton, Harvis. onc Filix-femina, Bernh. Com ach officinarum, Willd. I. Lead oe Nearly extinct. Selon ium vulgare, 8m. Com Cystopteris fragilis, Bernh. I. rane on limestone aden aculeatum, var. lobatum, Sw. I. Mellor, Hannan ; Wormhill and Chee Dale, West; Peak Forest! A. angulare, Willd. I. Rare, Hannan. Nephrodium Filia-mas, Rich. Comm N. spinulosum, Desv. IV. Repton Shrubs and Foremark, N. dilatatum, Desv. IV. Com N. Ore nage Desv. I. Kinder sepa Bailey ; Matlock Bath, Smith. IV. Repton Shrubs, Harris. Polypodium Saipan Linn. Common. P. Phe eris, Linn. I. Rare! P, Dryopteris , Linn n. I, Rare! P; hard Weer) Hoffm. I. Miller's Dale, Wild; near Buxton! Via Gellia Ophio se vulgatum, Linn. I. Burbage, Wild. IV. Morley, Whittaker : erby ! Botry us Lunaria, Sw. I. Charlesworth, Whitehead ; Monk’s Dale and Matlock Bath, Wild. IV. Forem ark, Harris Lycopodium clavatum, Linn. ae Stenior neds ; ania Equisetum arvense, cet - 2 nag ane E, sylvaticum, i ase E. sate e, Linn. L. Ter Dal, Wes: Axe Edge! Dove Pea -by-Derb _ oe Linn. LV. Bralay: Harris; Breadsall! Osmaston- by-Derby ! N.B. — name of Mr. Whit tehead, Dukinfield, in- advertently o mitted pee the list of those who have sear in the Sonmplcann of the foregoing notes. 802 ON ERYTHR#HA CAPITATA, Wu1., var. SPHAROCEPHALA. By F. Townsenp, M.A., F.L.S. o summers have passed since the attention of. botanists was first called to the Freshwater H'rythrea in the pages of this Journal for 1879 (p. 327), and I have since described this plant as Hrythrea capitata var. spherocephala (Journ. Bot. 1881, p. 87, and Journ. of i oc., June, 1881). Unfortunately I have been unable to visit the locality again during the flowering season, but this year I have seen it in excellent fruit, and have secured a collection of fruit tion downs, where the turf is shortest and sweetest, thus causing speci- mens of luxuriant growth to be liable to be cropped by sheep, and ore than about a quarter to one inch. In less exposed spots the species i e gathered, the stems of which, four in number, arising from the crown of the root, are about three inches high, and are overtopped by the long naked stalked secondary flowering tufts which are so peculiarly characteristic of the species. n fruit the species is very easily distinguished from E. Cen- taurium, E.. littoralis, or E. pulchella. The corolla-tube of E. capi- tata does not grow and lengthen with the growth of the ovary after owering. At the time of flowering a portion of the ovary is The corolla-tube is not narrowed at the top, either in flower or in fruit; indeed it could not be, because both the ovary and the rolla-tube grows and lengthens with the growth of the ovary, which is included within the corolla-tube at the time of flowering, and the capsule, when ripe, is also wholly included ; the corolla- tube is narrowed over the top of the ovary, and even more evidently over the top of the capsule, above which sit the shrivelled corolla-segments. I have not been able to ascertain whether EZ. capitata is still to be found on the downs of Newhaven, but its occurrence there led A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS PITCAIRNIA. 808 me to think that it might be found about Beachy Head and East- bourne, and Mr. Roper, author of ‘ The Flora of Eastbourne,’ has kindly examined his herbarium, and has shown me three specimens of EF. capitata var. spharocephala, very small and stunted, gathered by him on the downs of that neighbourhood ; thus the range of the species is already considerably extended. A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS PITCAIRNIA. By J. G. Baxer, F.R.S. (Concluded from p. 273.) 51. P. Sprucer, Baker.—Leaves 6-10 to a rosette, with an oblong-lanceolate chartaceous lamina 6-8 in. long, 16-20 lines afew spines. Pedunele slender, 6-8 in. long, with several small lanceolate bract-like leaves. Raceme simple, very lax, about half a foot long; pedicels erecto-patent, the lower 3-3 in. long; bracts lanceolate, 4-1 in. long. Sepals lanceolate, glabrous, j in. long. Petals bright red, twice as long as the sepals. Genitalia included. —Barra do Rio Negro, Spruce, 1653! We have had the same or a nearly-allied species in cultivation at Kew for some time, but it has never flowered. : 52. P. unpunata, Schiedw. in Otto & Dietr. Allgem. Gartenzeit. x. 275; Regel Gartenflora, t. 781; Flora des Serres, t. 162.— Lamproconus undulatus, Lemaire in Jard. Fleur. sub t. 127.—P. speciosissima, Hort.—Produced leaves obovate-oblong, a foot or more long, 4-5 in. broad above the middle, t in but firm in texture, nt, $4 in. long ; bracts lanceolate, as long as the pedicels. Sepals lanceolate, nearly glabrous, seven-eighths to one inch long. Petals bright red, more i 53. ALLISOLETANA, Lex. et La Llave Nov. Veg. Deser. i, 19. —About a foot high. Leaves ensiform, very narrow, prickly. Flowers spicate. Bracts ovate, amplexicaul, bright red. Petals rose-red, twice as long as the calyx, not sealed at the base.— exico. i 54. P. penpuzirtora, A. Rich in Sagra Fi. Cuba, ii. 262.— Leaves lanceolate, 2-8 ft. long, 2-24 in. broad, the edge entire or subspinulose. Stem 8 ft. long. Flowers sessile, in dense horizontal 804 A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS PITCAIRNIA. or pendent panicled eg bracts ovate-acuminate, nearly as long ch, Mon. 8.—Pepinia punicea, A. minutely spine-edged in the upper part, green and pesky on ‘the face, with a broad paler central band, white-furfuraceous on the back. uncle very short. Raceme ‘ lex simple, 4-6 in . long; rachis thinly floccose; pedicels erecto-patent, the Cae, 1-4 in. long ; ay lanceolate, as long as the pedicels. Sepals poo slightly e, 4-8 in. long. Petals bright red, 14-13 in. long. Stamens ory ee included.—Mexico, in the province of ekeoee 59. 56. P. aPHELANDREFLORA, Lemaire i in Ill. Hort. xvi. Mise. 90.— Pepinia aphelandreflora, André in Linden Ill. Hort., , t. —Stems slender, simple, reaching a sia in aber below the rosette of leaves. Leaves 30-60, e ornneg 3-6 in. of stem, linear, apieate | raceme 4—6 in. long in ‘the centre of the bata: lowes bracts linear, leaf-like, 2-8 in. long; upper deltoid, wn oN oR 4-3 in. long. pg coral-red, glabrous, lanceolate, in. long. Sepals bright red, 24 in. long, org at the res Stamens and stigma considerably exserted.—Para, Baraquin. troduced into cultivation by Linden about 1867. ave description is from a ? arasim that flowered at Kew in 57. P. re uiz et Pavon Fl. Peruv. iii. 36.—P. astero- tricha, Péeppis. et Endlich. Nov. Gen. t. 158.—Puya grandiflora, Hook. in Bot. Mag., t. 5284.—Whole plant 10-12 ft. high. Stems 3-4 ft. long below the rosette of leaves, as thick as a man’s arm, and sometimes forked. one perhaps 100 in a very dense rosette, mg, 1 i i in. channelled all down the green naked face, the back densely white- lepidote, the margins prickly all the way down, the lower spines brown, lanceolate, uncinate, } in. long, the upper eres gradually sm Peduncle 2-8 ft. long below the inflorescence. Racemes tomentose externally, 2-24 in. long. Petals ‘white, twice as oe : nie 8. P. viresc och, Mon nog. 4,—Puya virescens, Hook. in Bot, Mag., t. 4991. < Phuaitaie viridiflora, Regel, Ind. Sem. Petrop., A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS PITCAIRNIA, 805 1866, 81.—Acaulescent. Leaves preeaaes not petioled, 14-2 ft, long, 14-2 in. broad, green and glabrous on both surfaces, free from prickles. Peduncle 2 ft. long, “nie caves Posneg gradually into bracts. Raceme simple, subspicate, 6-8 in. long, 4-5 in. broad when expanded; bracts ovate, yellowish green, one to the top of the calyx. Sepals pale green, naked, Petals pale yellowish green, twice as long as the Oy sl at the base. Stamens and style rather shorter than the S.— Venezuela. Introduced into cultivation in 1857 9. P. marpir rota, Decne. in Flore des Serres, t. 915.—Puya matdifolia, Morren in Ann. Hort. Soc. Gand vy. 4538, 89.— Acaulescent. Leaves lanceolate, petioled, green on both sides, 2-3 ft. long, 14-2 in. era without prickles. Peduncle Merk 13-2 ft. long. Raceme simple, subspicate, nearly a foot long, towards the base ; irate i deltoid, 14-1} in. long, reddish, with green tips. epals naked, above an inch lon Petals greenish-white, 14 in. longer than the sepals. Stamens and style not protruded. —San Cr istobal, ae alt. 4000 ft., Funk & Schlim. 0 OLIA, h, Monogr., 4; Baker in Bot. Mag. t. 6585 ieegimeione aa with an unarmed channelled petiole 4 ft. oe and a lanceolate entire lamina 2-3 ft. long, 2-24 in, on is thee iddle, green and naked on both surfaces. Pedunele 1-2 ft. long, leafy, bets glabrous. Raceme subspicate, reaching 1-14 ft. long, 3 i meter when expanded; bracts oblong-navicular, reddish- gallow, re 14 in. long. Sepals oblong- lanceolate, greenish, naked, 3-1 in long. Petals nearly white, more than twice as long as the sepals. Style and anthers reaching to the tip of the Aton —Guatemala, Warcewicz. Santa Martha, Purdie ! 61. P. Funxina, A. Dietr. in et Dietr. Allgem. Gartenzeit. Xix. 887 ; Regel, Garte nfl. t. 118. —Phlomostachys Funkiana, Beer Brom. 47.—Pitcairnia macrocalyx, Hook. in a Leaves with an unarme pe etiole 4-1 ft. long ea a lanceolate entire lamina 2-3 ft. long, 2-24 in. broad at the sais green and glabrous on both surfaces. Pedune its lower leaves large. Raceme subspicate, 3-1 ft. ong : “lower pedicels sometimes }-} in. long; bracts ovate-acuminate, deg C n , 1-1} in. long. Sepals lanceolate, glabrous, an inc BE aariasisl, wien: wise long as the calyx. Stigma finally exserted.— Venezuela, Munck Santa Martha, Purdie! British ar Sir R. Schomburgh! 62. geese K ire bedi 4,—Puya recurvata, Schiedw. x. 275.—Pitcairnia polyanth- 8, A. Bro ec toaluoss: i short caulescent. ioaves 10-12 re a stem, with aia : ong and a lanceolate lamina ong, setflate ie ore the tip, green and naked above, white-furfuraceous beneath. Peduncle 11-2 ft. long, furfuraceous, all its leaves small and bract-like. acansi dense, — ate, simple, 4-6 in. ee 4 in. diam. when expanded; bra oie -deltoid, sg sr 1-1} in. long. Sepals lanceolate, pale nish, 7-1 in. long. Pe ‘xd milk-white, 3-8} in. long, much decurved, minutely “96 at the R 806 A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS PITCAIRNIA. base. Anthers and stigma not exserted.—For this I do not know the precise station. My description is taken from a plant that flowered at Kew in June, 1877. 3. P. ocuroteuca, Baker.—Neumannia ochroleuca, K. Koch et. Bouché, Ind. Sem. Berol. 1856, 2.—Acaulescent. Produced leaves - ensiform, not distinctly petioled, 2-3 ft. long, 2 in. broad at the middle, distinctly costate, acuminate, green and glabrous on both 8800 ft., Salvin ! 64. P. raopostacuys, Hassk. in Retzia, ii. 8.—Produced leaves ensiform, distinctly petioled, 8-4 ft. long (petiole included), 2-24 in. broad at the middle, very acuminate, green and glabrous above, white-furfuraceous beneath. Peduncle leafy, 14-2 ft. long. Puya Altensteinii, Klotzsch in Link, Klotzsch et Otto Ic. t. 1.— Lamproconus Altensteinii, Lemaire in Jard. Fleur. sub t. 127.— Phlomostachys Altensteinii, Beer Brom. 45.—Neumannia Altensteinit, Griseb. in Gott. Nacht. 1864, 14.—Pitcairnia undulatifolia, Hook. in Bot. Mag. t. 4241.—Acaulescent. Produced leaves about 10 to a stem, with an unarmed or minutely prickly channelled petiole 4-1 ft. long and an ensiform entire lamina 2-3 ft. long, 14-2 in. broad at the middle, green and naked on both surfaces. Pedunele 1-1} ft. long, stout and stiffly erect, hidden by its many sheathing erect glabrous reduced leaves. Raceme simple, sub- spicate, 4-6 in. long., 2 in. diam.; bracts bright red, oblong- Aurensterntt, Lemaire in Flore des Serres, t. 162.— h 1-11 in. long. Petals whitish, twice as long as the sepals. Stamens and stigma reaching to the tip of the petals —Mountains of Western Venezuela, alt. 2500-8000 ft., Moritz; Fendler, 1529! _ Phlomostachys gigantea, Beer Brom. 47 (Puya Altensteinti, Var. gigantea, Hook. in Bot. Mag. t. 4309 — Piteairnia Altensteinit, Lemaire in Flore des Serres, t. 253, 254), is a giant variety 0 this species with an inflorescence 6-7 feet high, peduncle included. 66. P. Wenpuanp1, Baker.— Puya sulphwrea, Wendl. ; Hook. ir Bot. Mag. t. 4696.—Phlomostachys sulphurea, Beer Brom. 46.— Newmannia sulphurea, K. Koch, Ind. Sem. Berol. 1856, 2.— Acaulescent. Produced leaves with a distinct unarmed petiole nearly a foot long and an entire ensiform lamina 2-8 ft. long, 2-3 in. broad at the middle, green and glabrous on both surfaces. Pedunele closely leafy, 2 ft. or more long, stout and stiffly erect. Raceme simple, subspicate, 4-1 ft. long, 2 in. diam.; bracts — A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS PITCAIRNIA. 807 ovate- rie aye rey purplish red or greenish towards the tip, much imbric 14-2 in. long. Sepals lan poole nake ‘ long. Petals sen -yellow, sealed at the base, more than twice as long as the sepals. Anthers and stigma not 'produced.—Intro- duced into cultivation about 1853; the exact country not asl cata, Ba er —Netmannia imbricata, A. Ann. Sc. Nat. ser. 2, xv. 862. Ta rrnaptgets imbr icata, Hee Brom. 47,—Acaulescent. ‘Leaven 12-20 to a stem, with a petiole 3-1 ft. long, armed with small deflexed horny brown crinkled and an ensiform lamina 14-2 ft. long, 14-2 in. broad at the middle, green and plated on both surfaces. Peduncle a foot long, closely eafy. Raceme simple, s subspicate, finally a foot or more long, 2 in. diam.; bracts greenish, oblong-acuminate, 2 in. long. Sepals lanceolate, very glutinous, an inch long, whitish, tipped with green. Petals cream-white, lingulate, more than twice as long as the sepals, not scaled at the aig Anthers and stigma not protruded.—Mexi xico, ndrieux. Valley of Cordova, Bourgeau 78! My description is mainly taken hte a plant that flowered at Kew in October, 1879. 68. P. arrorusens, Baker. 5 Palemabine ys atrorubens, Beer ~ dose ent 48. —Neumannia mie see K. Koch, Ind. Sem. Berol. 1856, n inch long. Pe nis Riley yellow, lingulate, 23-3 in. long, scaled at the base. Anthers and stigma wey protruded. —Mountains of Chiriqui, Central America, Warcewic 69. P. pertronata, Baker. OO Mamet petiolata, K. Koch et Bouché, Ind. Sem. Hort. Berol. 1856, App. 2.—Produced leaves LH de es e subspicate, 14-2 ft. long, 2 in. diam.; bracts much adlaoe oblong: deltoid, acuminate, glabrous, greenish brown, 2-2} in. long, 1 in. broad at the base. Sepals lanceolate, glabrous, an inch long. Ww, e as long as the sepals, scaled at the base. Stamens and pistil shorter than the petals.— Guatemala, Warcewicz. Described from K. Koch’s garden specimen. 70. le bowege es A. Brong. in Hort. Univ. vi. 228, ewm icone. —P.a Ten escent. ete ced leaves with an unarmed channelled petiole } ft. long and an ensiform entire lamina 2-3 ft. long, the Stade green and glabrous on both surfaces. long, leafy, furfuraceous upwards. Raceme very dense, simple, Rivastenra oblong, 3-4 in. long, 14 in. diam much imbricated, greenish, naked, 1}-1} in. long. Sepals pale * 808 PRODUCTION OF HYBRIDS IN THE GENUS EPILOBIUM. green, lanceolate, glabrous, under an inch. Petals — yellowish red, twice as long as the sepals. Stamens and stigma a up to the tip of the petals—A garden plant of which I do xact station. It differs from all the other Newmannias ot know the e i its bright-coloured flowers ON THE PRODUCTION a epee IN THE GENUS EPI OBILUL M., By T. R. Arcuer Brices, F.L.S. Oxservations for many hgh past of the Epilobia growing about Plymouth have convinced me that hybrids are frequently produced between several of the species wot this Bens and I mentioned the . subject in my ‘Flora of Plymouth’ (p. 154*). Sometimes the strikingly di artially siatiped its features on a hybrid production. From the ess obvious differences between /. montanum and FE. lanceolatum, or E. lanceolatunm and E. obscurum, admixtures between these have oe always as clearly eee i ~gaicchansgh Some bo tanis ts seem an to ignore as much as possible the or even prébebil ty, ak “their temp discovered in certain others Many years ago Schultz called attention to plants which he pire sidered to be the offspring of acs obscurum and E. palustre, and of E. montanum and E. palustre This past summer I have been g0 fortunate as to meet with a hybrid between the strikingly dissimilar e-muee ies, FE. hirsutum and E. montanum. It formed a patch, iu any stems from the root, n top of a hedge-bank by a damp lane Py Shalaford, Egg Buck- land, South Devon, about four 8 from Plymouth, and was growing near both E. hirsutum and F. montanum. The following is a brief description of this plant —Root- stock oo somewhat creeping from the number of the stems; stem round, 2-8 ft. high, upper part with woolly hairs; leaves lanconkie:- serrate, sessile ; buds nodding or erect; flowers cgi again as EH’, montanum, deep purple. Differs from F. hir oe n the much more glabrous surface of the whole plant, the broader aud shorter a smaller owers, and partially nodding flower-buds. ers from E. mon- tanum in the habit of growth, many, ae nieasine from the root-stock ; in the more tadnehed and more hairy stem; longer, narrower, ‘and more sharply serrate leaves; larger flowers, of a deeper purple in ype sg in the downy or shortly hairy pods. It was in full flower at the beginning of the month of August, when I found it. I forward a couple of specimens for the Herbarium of the British Muse * [See also ‘Journ. Bot.,’ 1880, p. 284.—Ep. Journ. Bot.] 309 THE DATES OF PUBLICATION OF THE VARIOUS PARTS OF CURTIS’S ‘FLORA LONDINENSIS.’ By B. Daypon Jacxson, Sec. L.S. In the following remarks I can claim little merit but editorial, the entire working out of the subject—one of the last on which he was engaged—having been accomplished by our deceased friend Alfred Reginald Pryor.* The issue of Curtis’s ‘ Flora Londinensis’ was long protracted ; the parts were issued at uncertain intervals, sometimes very wi apart ; the work did not pay its expenses, and its progress was compared to a funeral. I tried some time ago to discover the order in which the plates were issued, only the later plates Lape mar. th the order indicated in the index to each fasciculus of twelve numbers, a plan which, however good when the Linnean system was inant, is awkward at the present time, the more so by an ingenious and painstaking elaboration of all the references to Curtis, which are extant in the following contemporaneous Floras :— Lightfoot’s ‘Flora Scotica,’ 1777. ca Withering’s ‘ Botanical Arrangement of British Plants,’ ed. 2, 1787-92. References by Dr. Stokes. Much used. wie Sibthorp’s ‘ Flora Oxoniensis,’ 1794. Next to the preceding in usefulness. Relhan’s ‘Flora Cantabrigiensis,’ 1785. Not much used, no specific references being given by the author. Hudson’s ‘Flora Anglica,’ ed. 2, 1778, does not cite Curtis, owing to some feud between the two authors ; the absence of citation is emphasised by Lightfoot’s Flora being extensively quoted, itself published after the completion of the first fasciculus of the ‘ Flora ondinensis.’ From these chief sources, with an occasional reference to others for single points, a full list was drawn up by Mr. Pryor, who had intended to summarise its contents for publication. But before he could do so he was taken from us; and his list, from which the following summary has been drawn, has been placed in my hands for that purpose by the Editor of this Journal. * He is better known as a correspondent of this Journal under the name of Reginald A. Pryor, an inversion adopted to prevent confusion of himself and his father, both possessing the same names. 810 FREDERICK CURREY. Vou, I. efogeat 1.—The first number was issued in May, 1775, according a MS. of “Senet seen by Mr. Pryor, but which I have xa que able to verify ; the date is presumably correct, for we know the first fasciculus was complete the time Lightfoot’s piefisis was written, July 24th, 1777 (see also ‘FL. Scotica,’ pp. 1149-1151). The date pate by Stokes in Smith, in Rees’s ‘ Cyclopedia,’ art. ‘‘ Curtis,” says 1777; but that is the date on the title-page, and marks the con- clusion, not the beginning, of the Denisa Plate 10, in fase. 2, is the first to bear a number Vou. II. No. 47, in fase. 4, referred to by Curtis in his ‘Catalogue of Settl e Plants,’ in 1782. No. 50, in fase. 5, the last quoted by Relhan in May, 1785. No. 58, in fase. 5, the last quoted by Stokes, August, 1787. No. 59, in fase. 5, the numbers on the plates cease, November, 1788. ‘Pultene y MS.’ No. 64, in fase. 6, Jace, 1: 1791, on the plate. No. 65, in fase. 6, March 1, 1791, on the plates; issued June, ' 1791, according to ‘ Pultene ey MSs,’ No. 66, in fase. 6, Vesember, 1791; June, 1798, ‘Pulteney MS.’ No. 67, in fase. 6, 1798, ‘ Pultene y MS.’; ‘67 numbers,” Sib- orp, ‘ Fl. Oxon.,’ p. xvi., 1794 No. Are in fase. 6. Pu blished between Sept. 1, 1794, and July 1, 1795 ; Helleborus viridis in ‘ English Botany ’ of the former “this summer 1794 in beginning of ust.” 18 vol, ai 1796. is the last quoted by Stokes in ‘ Withering,’ vol. iii., ‘the ‘end of 1798, Pulmonaria maritima in ‘ Englis h Bo tan any’ of that date does not cite Curtis. See also under Lobelia urens, ‘‘ October 18, 1796,” referred to as ‘ two years since THE LATE FREDERICK CURREY, M.A., F.B.S. oTHER name has to be added to the roll of English botanists recently removed by death ; Frederick Currey died on Thursday, c* yee Sth, 1861, - He was ‘born at Eltham, in Kent, August 9th, 1819, his father, Mr. Benjamin Currey, being Clerk of the Seeing He received his education at Eton and Trinity FREDERICK CURREY. 811 College, Cambridge, where he obtained a meappcomges took his B.A. degree in 1841, and proceeded to M.A. in 1844. In that year he was called to the Bar, and thereafter practised as conveyancer and equity arn dae n. His earliest work on scientific wens appears to have been a Sespndladiong of Schacht’s ‘ i ikroskop,’ which was issued in 1858, and so Balog received a call for : second edition two years later. In 1 4 he soneeeead a paper to the ‘ Missoenupioeh Journal’ on eon new Fungi, and in ‘the fifth volume of the ‘ Phytologist’ were printed some observations on the ‘‘ Fungi of the neighbourhood of Greenwich.”’ The ‘ Microscopical Journal ’ about this time contains several papers on the more obscure points in the life-history of cryptogams and local botany. e Greenwich Natural History Club, established in pine had ted a committee to draw up a report on the of the ichboushos d. Mr. Currey was chosen chairman, and drafted the report, which was printed as an octavo pamphlet early in 1858, in which 895 Fungi were enumerated. - e title runs, ‘On the Botany of - district lying between the Rivers Cray, Ravensbourne and Tham n the first volume of the ‘Journal of the Linnean Society’ he described the development of Sclerotium roseum, Kneiff., which was named by the Rev. M. J. Berkeley Peziza Curreyana. “In 1856 he was elected Fellow of the Linnean anenk ; in 1857 he communi- cated an account ia the existence of amorphous starch in a Tuberaceous Posse o the Royal Society, followed by his being elected into that Society § in 1858. On the retirement o J. Bennett, in 1860, from the secretariat of the Linnean Society, r. Currey was chosen as his successor, and continued in that office until 1880, when he relinquished it to undertake the less Rating duties of treasurer, which position he held at the time of is death. In 1859 he undertook his most extensive work in the shape of a translation, with considerable additions by the author, of vad ~ aus s¢ Nae chende Untersuchungen ue eber der . . . hoeher rypto his was published in 1862 by the Ray Society, under ‘the title ‘On the germination, development, and fructi- fication of the higher Cryptogamia, ete.’ This was quickly Sorte m’s ] by his edition of Dr. Ba ‘ Esculent Funguses of Englan 1863, in which he seioed “hnself to corrections and beatae the work down al communications will be found in the Journal and Transactions of the Lin innean Society, which are set out in the ‘ Catalogue of Scientific Papers.’ Amongst them we may name ‘Notes on British Fungi’ in 1864, and ia K last contri- There was no joint communication to the Society, as eabe be inferred from this, but the authority is given in one of Be rkeley’s own papers. 312 SHORT NOTES. productions,’ 1862; and, with Dr. Welwitsch, ‘ A description of the Fungi collected by D r. F, Welwitsch in Angola during the years 1850-61’ (1870). The latest production of his pen was issued last spring in the Report of the West Kent Natural History, Microscopical, and Photographie Society, an association which had absorbed the Greenwich Natural History Club before mentioned. The paper is entitled ‘On some useful and noxious Fungi’; it is a popular résumé of well-known facts, but is of interest as testifying to his abiding interest in or Natural History. He was President of this Society vers vase For e yea aih vial considered his health precarious ; but only a auth time basal his death, from an affection of the liver, was any alarm felt by his family. He died at Blackheath, and was buried at Weybridge, 13th September, 1881, where his wife had been interred some years before. His colle ction of Fungi, by his express desire, will be added to the Herbarium of the Royal Gardens, Kew Mr. Gurrey’ s long official connection with the Linnean Society had given rise to a large circle of friends, whilst his ever kind and genial manner had attached them to him by close ties of esteem. By all, his loss will be felt as that of a personal parry an officer of large experichce whose place it will be difficult o fill. B. Daypon Jackson. SHORT NOTES. Irtsh _PotamocEtons ser Sess rtd mucronatus, Schrad. In the ‘Cybele Hibernica’ the authors notice the records of this plant nnder the name of compressus, but or hie have seen no specimens. Mr. D. Orr, of Dublin, kindly sent me, a few days since, a packet of Potamogetons gathered m many years ago, and among them there is a specimen of P. mucronatus labelled ‘“‘ River Bann, Co. Down, 1844, D. Orr,” this being one of the stations mentioned in the Cybele’ from ‘Flor. Hib.’—P. trichoides, Cham. ‘There is @ specimen of this species in the same collection labelled « Pools, vont Hills, Co. Down, 1844, : et .” Itis an interesting addition to re Trish flora. — P. Zizi .& K. Among some Potamo- its first Feacrd ‘as an Irish a It will bein District 10 of e ‘Cybele Hibernica. hae Bennerr. Leontopon nastitis, L.—Dr. Boswell, in ‘ English Botany,’ ed, 8, vol. v., p. 138, lane to his account of Leontodon hispidus, qi; the followin wing statement :—‘‘ This plant is a sub-species of the L. ' proteiformis of Villars, the ispioat form of which is the L. hastilis of Linneus, which is nearly or perfectly glabrous; but, though EXTRACTS AND NOTICES. 8138 common on the Continent, this form has ase been. esc in Britain.””’ On the 18th af August last, I met with a very f plants of a Leontodon in a meadow by the Avon, zi Dipthod South Devon, which at first much puzzled me, as although their appearance generally was that of the Leontodon idee L., they yet lacked the long hairs I had always seen on this ~~ being a quite glabrous or‘else having only very short hair turning to Bor reau’s ‘ Flore du Gettes de la France’ I found yen to isis with his description of Leontodon hastilis, the plant referred to by Dr. Boswell in the words cahier above. I now do not nen over position is aed 6 their being associated there with Plantago media, a specie own elsewhere hbourhood, and al; he certainly alien Trifolium hybridum. Possibly, however, now this plant has been introduced it will become established in sina locality, as others of the — Crepis taraxacifolia and C. biennis, have done elsewhere in Devon —T. R. Arcuzr Brices Zxtvacts and Notices of Books and Memoirs. ON THE COLOURS OF SPRING FLOWERS.* By Aurrep W. Bennett, M.A., B.Sc., F.L.S. S$ paper was an attempt to explain the prevalence of ogee "at een in cia flowers, as contrasted with those of autumn an summer. The common spring flowers of England were cea as 64, and these were included, as regards colour, under five heads, viz., (1) white, (2) green, (8) yellow, (4) red and pink, (5) blue and violet. The proportion was found to be as follows :— white 26, or 40°5 p.c.; ae 9. onde tk "yellow 13, or 20°3 p.c.; red and pink 5, or 7:8 p.c.; blue and violet 11, or 17°4 p.c. The chief feature in n this table is the great preponderance presence ig ph ot peer sn be that the bright-eoloured bccn Leet nem act of a Paper read on September 2nd, 1881, at the Meeting of the British poe at York. P Ss 814 EXTRACTS AND NOTICES. hen with regard to yellow, M. Flahaut observes that ‘‘a solid insoluble pigment, the wanthine of Frémy and Cloéz, is in the first place to be distinguished from all the snes colouring: matters, aaa which are acted on very readily by reagents, and which are usually formed only in the — cells.” This xanthine Frémy cation of chlorophyll.” The plants in which he found this substance are all early-flowering spring plants. The colours which pre-eminently distinguish our summer and autumn flora, the reds, pinks, blues, and some yellows (not due to xanthine, but to a soluble wort cme are mashed: by the presence of substances which require both a strong light and a high temperature for their pehaiien and Batalin ra shown this to be especially the case with the red colouring substance. The difference between the Pp colours of the spring flowers in England and in Switzerland is due to the same cause. Owing partly to the spring consequent greater elevation of the sun, partly to the clearer air of a high altitude, the light which opens the earliest spring flowers is much stronger in Switzerland than in England. acne eae violet) THE REPORT FOR 1880 OF THE BOTANICAL GE CLUB OF THE BRITISH ISLES. atid BY Mr. James Grovzs]. Caltha palustris, L., var. Guerangerii.—Marshes near Bramber, W. Sussex, 18th May, 1880.._W. H. Beeby. I believe the true ry it is one not familiar to me.—C. C. Babington ium cicutarium, L’Herit., var.—Flowers pale pink, 43-5 lines limon, petals without any = beak of fruit only 4-3 in. long when fully grown, ets more deeply cut, with smaller segments than usual (near Iypiuilatee Ay simple linear-lanceolate divisions). Coast sand- hills, north of Deal, September, 1880.—J. G. Baker. i believe E. pilosum, Bor.—C. C. Babin Rubus ern Bab.—Woodloes, Warwickshire. reat’ L. Baker and H. B ich. This is the very curious and interesting tan which Mr. Beohitrist sent last year. It is the plant referred to in my last published notes. It must be joined to Ideus.—C. C. Babington. R. fissus, “ore (Bab. satan Burn of Quoys, Hoy, Orkney, August, 1880.—J. T. Boswell Rt. imbricatus, Hort. suGrént Doward, pocorn October —Augustin Ley. This is very near indeed to the original imbricatus, if not identical with it.—C. C. Babington R. donbe icatus, Hort ee 8. hs September, pecs Professor Babington writes :—*‘* Your mbricatus is very indeed to the original plant. I think that there can be no do oubt of their specific identity.” It is one of our commonest brambles at Trusham.—W. Moyle Rogers. EXTRACTS AND NOTICES. 315 Rosa tomentosa, Sm., var. Woodsiana, H. and J. Groves.—-Bush erect, compact. Prickles slender, uniform, decidedly “curved, po and calyx-tube glandul Sepals persistent, ming erect, Corolla small, pale pink. Styles slightly hairy. Fruit ellipsoid. orm nearly allied to R. scabriuscula, from , however, it r sylvestris by its narrower and much less glandular leaves and hairy styles. Wimbledon Com ps Surrey, 1876—-8.—H. ra J. Groves. R. rubiginosa, L., he apricorum, Rip.—Down, Box Hill, Surrey, 11th September, 1880.—H. Groves. : This wes to be one of our commonest forms of R. rubig ginosa; the principal charac- . Reuteri, Godet. Suc the Oyce 7 Firth, Orkney, perry 1880. iF, T. Boswe R. ie etangs Baker, form. s. ue Baker).—Oyce of Firth, Orkney, August, 1880.—J. T. B ‘ orymbifera, Borkh., ide. ML. " Déséglise. —West border of Bentley Wood, South Wilts, June and September, 1880. A handsome, strongly-arching, well-marked bush, plainly belonging to the aggregate stylosa, Desv. ‘‘ Hairy variety, near opaca,”’ is Mr. Baker’s note on the label of the specimen I sent him before above as well as be neath. The hairiness a the plant is mt remarkable, the jaan being whitish green beneath and years like in tint and texture above; white petioles, stipules, and even the long leaf-pointed pinnate sepals are a dint clothed with silky hairs, long and short. The flowers are creamy white, and the calyx-tubes and fruits very slender elliptic. —W. Moyle ‘Rogers. Mr. Baker considers that this belongs to the Stylose, and is near his Desvauaii. M. Déséglise, in his Catalogue Raisonné, Sigel R. ed aa Borkh., among his Pe Colline, and im the clavis to that s ection gives the aiciaeedy “¢ folioles simplement cease “ ae érissés, fleur rose,” ‘ pédoncules réunis en corymbe, folioles ovales, aigués aux deux extrémités,”’ with most of which Mr. Rogers’s specimens do not agree.—J. edum Forsterianum, Sm., vare. glaucescens and virescens. Sacer two (the former from dry exposed rocks at Stanner, the r from shady damp rocks at ‘bie cascade of ‘* Water- bresk-ita are 816 EXTRACTS AND NOTICES. Radnorshire) were cultivated side by side in my garden, under similar conditions of light and temperature, 2. e., in a hot dry corner. This year the wy wea threw up three times as many Oo aca te a fortnight earlier than the var. virescens. —Augustin Ley. lium ochroleucum, Koch.—Trusham, South Devon, 12th July, 1880. In some quantity, on a dry stony hedgebank, with G. verum and G. Mollugo.—W. Moyle Rogers. Box Hill, Surrey.— G. Nicholson. G. Mollugo, L., var.—A dwarf form, with stems not more than half a foot long, forming dense masses on the dry coast sand- hills north of Deal.—J. G. Baker. I think that I have never seen this curious small form; I presume that it is a form of G. Mollugo. —C. C. Babington. Hieracium ir ay Fries.—Waas, Hoy, Orkney, August, 1880. J. B. T. Fortescu Hi prone Vill.-Paren’r Esgob, Brecon, 25th August, 1880.—-Augu ey. HA, ir ng -—Hobbister Rocks, Orphir, Orkney, August, 1880,—J. B. T. Fortescue. H. strictum, Fries? Approaching H. corymbosum, Fr.—Shore, near Regal Burn, Waas s, Hoy, Orkney, Aug., 1880.—J. B. T. Fortescue. Myosotis palustris, With.—Bank “of Bo ovey stream, by Jew’s i pil conglomeratus wn in flower , a arlier than ordina a cris pus, tri- ene growing with it. Stature of this dock enormous, height n 6 ft fectly trigranulate than the var. trigr plans and the granules are smaller in proportion to the size of the petal; but I have obeys similar changes take place in a plant of ordinary trigranulatus the Fife coast, which I have cultivated in the garden at ee for some years.—J. T. Boswell. Polygonum aviculare, L., e. rurivagum.—Roadside, Birstal Hel, Leicestershire, August, 1880. The five @ specimens marked * all parts of one plant, too large to be preserved entire. ine is ra more diffuse and flaccid than typical lage cin (which grew within a few feet of it), but has the long silvery ochrem, the acute ascending leaves, and the green oat crimson peridnth of. that form. The plant is almost entirely barren, havin g only two perhaps doubtful whether it should not be referred to agrestinum OF EXTRACTS AND NOTICES. 817 vulgatum.—F. T. Mott. I think this is rurivagum, but evidently wing under some unusual circumstances.—J. T. Boswell. Euphorbia pseudo-cyparissias, Jord..—Dry bank, Henfield, West Sussex, June, 1880. Abundant and thoroughly naturalised, but ‘evidently an escape from the garden of the late Mr. Borrer.— W. H. Beeb Potamogeto -From the Tweed and Teviot. I sent a number of specimens in 1876, labelled P. nitens (see Report for 1876, p. 85), where it will be seen that Dr. Boswell considered em in a footnote, ‘ Journal of Botany,’ n. s. viii., p. 289, referring to the same specimens, writes: ‘‘It does not appear to me to be that species (nitens), but a large form of P. decipiens approaching P, prelongus, probably P. salicifolius, Wolfg.” Atter seeing the above note, 1 wrote to Dr. Trimen, asking him to give it a name. His reply was: ‘It is not very easy to give a name to your Roxburgh larger plant further than that suggested in my footnote. Some of the foreign specimens of P. decipiens come very close. From P. salici- different from Mr. Ley’s Herefordshire P. salicifolius, distributed through the Club (see‘ Report,’ 1877, p. 10).—Andrew Brotherston. A dubious plant, and it is not easy to give a name without fruitin specimens. I cannot think it comes under P. nitens. It approaches specimens named P. undulatus, Wolfg., an in its peduncles and spikes it resembles P. salicifolius, Wolfg.—Arthur Bennett. (To be continued). Quelques mots sur l'étude des fruits. Par Paut Brovsse. With Sixteen Plates. Montpellier, 1881. Tue author of this interesting little study commences by pointing out the variability in value of fruits for classification. In the Papilionacee, Cucurbitacee and Crucifere the form of the fruit is a good distinguishing character, but it is not so with other orders, notably the Papaveracee, Rosacea, Oleinea and Solanaceae. four orders are discu in this work with a view to show that the differences are apparent rather than real. e work consists of three par he first treats of the definition of certain receptacle of the Synantheree he calls the clinanth ; the involucre, the pericline ; in placentation he substitutes the term angular for the axile placentation of Jussieu; general placentation for those cases where the ovules are scattered over the whole of the carpellary leaf, as in Butomus ; he defines as fruit as the entirety 818 EXTRACTS AND NOTICES. of the parts which develope after fertilisation, and when ripe fall off as a whorl. The second part of the book discusses the four methods of botanical investigation—analogical, organogenical, anatomical, and teratological: the author points out the absolute necessity of using ali in pursuing researches on structure. e third part is occupied with the analogies in the dissimilar fruits of the four stigmatic lobes, of the vessels supplying them, the position of the ovules, the large albumen, and the dehiscence, are the sam in both. — he family the Rosaceae n greater differences in the form of the fruits, but they all resemble ea other in being formed of or more free carpels, containing one 8 of the Spireacea. The Pomacea, though usually classed as syncarpous fruits, have the carpels quite free in the young state. With respect to the Oleinee the fruits appear very different ; they take the form of a berry only the disc of the calyx persistent; Hyoscyamus has a capsule carpel, and divides each into two. This is quite secondary, and. cannot be said to affect the form or structure of the fruit. Ho Ne Ri EXTRACTS AND ‘NOTICES. 819 Mr. Witx1am Rosinson sends us a copy of his ‘ Wild Garden,’ which, to quote the title-page, suggests ‘‘ one way onwards from the Dark Ages of Flower Gardening, with suggestions for the penne tion of the bare borders of the London Parks.” It er handsome book, the woodcuts—some of which are of seams representations of the plants they are intended to depict. The letterpress is of course rather horticultural than strictly hoeest ut it is very accurate, and shows acquaintance with the habits of our most important hardy lerbaceous plants r obinson has already done much to improve the taste of horti De ae and his labours have borne abundant and satisfactory fruit ; and the present volume cannot fail to add to his reputation , which is by no means inconsidera Mr. F. G. Hearn’s somewhat re work, with a similar title, ‘My Garden Wild,’ compares unfavourably with Mr. Robinson’s book in po ares ansgece as it has no illustrations. The author is well kno s an enthusiastic admirer of ferns, and as a somewhat diffusive eee upon them. In the present volume he s turned his attention to our common British plants, a large number of which he has cultivated in his garden at South Hackney. Mr. Heath’s style is familiar to all who have read any of his other works, and the volume now before us will doubtless be welcomed y his admirers. His use of botanical es is often rather lax; and his uniform practice of spelling specific names with small initial lather shows a want of paraatanee with scientific custom. r. Heath’s enthusiasm is rather oddly distributed: he is rapturous about Chickweed, which he has always regarded “as an exceed- ingly beautiful object”; Dandelions “are welcome ‘to him’ in ion’’; and Groundsel, from its early flowering, has ‘an especial claim on [his] regard.” On oe other hand, so ~ on, eath “oocasionally indulges in bold metaphor—as = e spadix of Arum is — of as “‘ wonderfully resembling a poker rising up like a spectre!” Mr. Petrer aa of New York, has issued a ‘ Handbook of Plants,’ arranged alphabetically after the manner of the ‘Treasury of Botany,’ but designed for the use of “ * florista, been written with a eal view to ‘he wants of the pr of “sate a States,” and thus appeals mainly to our transatlantic 320 EXTRACTS AND NOTICES. A seconp volume of the ‘Annales du Jardin Botanique de Buitenzorg’ has been begun, under the editorship of Dr. Treub, the Director of the Gardens. The first part contains a paper by the late Dr. Scheffer on new or little-known plants of the Indian “sweat and two memoirs by Dr. Treub on the embryogeny f the Cycadee and Lor anthacea respectively, each being carefully illus trated. Messrs. Veitcu and Sons, the well-known nurserymen, have issued a very useful ‘ Manual of the Conifere,’ to which no author’s the position occupied hitherto _by Loudon’s ‘ Arboretum.’ New Booxs.—G. C. W. Bounenstec, ‘ Repertorium Annuum ietaiie Biotaiaive Periodice,’ 1877 (Haarlem, Ex. Loosfes). —J. Bresapvota, ‘Fungi Tr identini,’ fase. i. (tt. xv. (Trent, Monanni).—P. Saccarpo, ‘ Fungi Italici’ (fase. XVU-xxvill; tt. 641— 1120). — ‘Flora Brasiliensis,’ fase. Ixxxiv. (Rubiacee, pt. 1, by J. Murtier, Arcov; tt. 67). ARTICLES IN JourRNALs.—Avaust. Botanical Gazette—T. Mechan, ‘ Lilium Gr ayt.’ Botanische Zeitung.—C. Gobi; ‘ Outlines of a Systematic Classi- fication of the Gleophytes ’ (Thallophytes). —A. DeBary, ‘ Contri- butions to the knowledge of Peronos sporeg. _ Flora.—A. Geheeb and E. Hampe, ‘ Additamenta ad Enumera- tionum Muscorum in Rio de Janeiro et Sao Paulo detectorum.’— P. G. Strobl, ‘Flora of Etna’ (continued).—J. B. Jack, ‘The European Species of Radula’ (2 tt.). —H. Dingler, “Two n ew Thracian Astragali’ (A. ictericus and A. maroniensis). Midland Naturalist.—J, E. Bagnall, ‘ Flora of Warwickshire ’ (continued). Naturalist serine —W. West, ‘Cryptogamic Report of Yorkshire Naturalists’ Union for 1880’ "tsontione a). : (Esterreischische Bot. 4eitschrift—A. Tomaschek, sealer - Prothallia of Equisetum.’—-§. Schulzer von Miiggenburg, ‘ Reticularia Lycoper: rdon, Bull.’—D. Hire, ‘On Salvia Bertolonii.’— reuz, ‘On Lenticels in 4 mpelopsis hederacea.’—— P. Sintenis, ‘On the Flora of Guetta! (constaneas —P. G. Strobl, ‘ Flora of Kitna’ (continued). Re Tab. 22 a Sc eneeliaianl West Newman & (2 chr lth Mo ens * Ledq ePriana. Cag. Tab. ith. chr. f 1, 7 Ve West Newnwar ¥ U* WdeAiwis del ~~ — 4: 3 Cinchona lLedaeriana, Moens Oviginal Articles. CINCHONA LEDGERIANA A DISTINCT SPECIES. By Henry Tren, M.B.} F.L,S. (Puates 222 & 223), Att who have followed the progress of the great and wonder- fully successful experiment carried out in the East during the last twenty years, will be aware how prominent a part as a some and hopelessly variable forms of C. Calisaya, the plant is now the object of careful cultivation; whilst in Southern India and Ceylon private planting enterprise especially has not been There is ( this species, but it is necessary to mention that the tree is only known to botanists in a cultivated state. All existing plants in Dec., 1865, and sent to Java, where it was raised and the plants carefully attended to under the care of Van Gorkom, then director of the plantations. A portion, however, of the same seed was acquired b oney, a planter , Whence some found its way to the Government plantations at Ootacamund, an a small quantity to those at Darjeeling. Hence it resulted that plants of this valuable kind were being grown both in India and * J. E. Howard in Pharm. Journ., March 18th, 1880. N.s. von. 10. [Novemser, 1881.] QT 822 CINCHONA LEDGERIANA A DISTINCT SPECIES. Java, but it was in the latter country that its superiority as a quinine-yielding variety was discovere In Java, too, it was soon observed that though showing a good deal of variation, the “mapa ee some well-marked characters, dgeriana’ recognized until the characters vets pointed out by Mr. Moens during a es to the island in Se 880. The e Ledgeriana received pee sanction in 1876, being then published in Howard’s magnificent work as C. Calisaya, var. eriana, How.t+ In this book, which I regret I have not at present at hand, much ake will be found with reference to the plant and its allies. In now publishing it as a separate species, T almost feel to owe an apology for adding another to the already 00 abstained from doing so on my own judgment alone. But several supporting facts have a waka aapasiatly by ‘Mr. Moens in his long and ene Scanian with, and close study of, the plant and its His opportunities for arriving at a correct conclusion are so much greater than those of any other person, that I feel there is little a in adopting the view he holds ‘ ‘whieh will be more fully exhibited in his fortheoming book on the genus — agreeing as it does with my own less well-grounded Opn. inquiries of Mr. Moens, who assured me that he never saw ‘“‘ any- thing like ay Os either botanically or chemically,’ to come from seed of a Calisaya. I understand that Mr. Gammie has the same experience. This is very sla 8 for the progeny that come from any sowing * Sak Calisaya — are —- less like one another than some are like CG cross-fertilization, we have at present little direct evidence to show. The latter must, however, be a cause, and alone explains * Howard, Quinol. Ind. Plant. p. 84. hue It is used in Howard’s Notes on Cinchona in Jonrn. Linn. Soc. xiv. p. 174 CINCHONA LEDGERIANA A DISTINCT SPECIES. 328 same results have been even more marked in Java. We _— hope for some direct evidence on the subject, however, in time, as Mr, Moens is now condue eting experiments in artificial hybridisation with a view . comparison of the results with the naturally- sandal sport So much satiehie attaches to this Cinchona that, though it has been —— sped _~ jes of three fine plates in Howard’s sumptu volume,* I thought that a oa unsuitable situation, and flowering at an earlier age than would be the case with a more healthy subject. But there was then little choice as to specimens in Ceylon, where we have but few adult trees of the Anes y dried specimens of some of em some trees from Java, for which I am indebted to Mr. ‘Matos Cincnona Lepeerrana, Moens, MSS. C. Calisaya, Wedd., var. Ledgeriana, Howard, Quinol. Ind. Plant., p. 84, tt. 4—6 ‘(187 6). ves when adult sict head from 5 oe lanceolate t to oval or to Ww end, apex sub-acute (rarely acute) or sub-obtuse, base much attenuate into the short petiole, always perfectly glabrous on both surfaces, subcoriaceous, often wavy, full deep green, paler beneath, shining but not polished above, the base of the midrib and petiole more or less stained with orange-pink, the veins apoio beneath, scrobicules not eo gree mostly confined to the upper vein- -angles, stipules enclosing the terminal bud, quickly caducous, roi gal oblong, subacute, glabrous, keeled, and with numerous el veinlet * Quinol. Ind. Plant., tt, 4. 5, 6. : oes net always used the terms “ lanceo and “ ova oe dig aes books, eh d more precisely oe in this Journal, 1871, p. 370. But several descriptive botanists use the t “lanceolate toe hich I am a ov ate, L hy wiv ae the Nicoadeat diameter below the middle; whilst “oval” is employed with pein laxity for several very different outlines 824 —_ LEDGERIANA A DISTINCT SPECIES. Fiowers small, on short curved pedicels and thus drooping or divaricate, tufted or crowded at the ends of the branches of the usually small rather dense pyramidal panicle; buds oblong-ovoid, lunt, when mature not . all er very slightly widened at the end and never abruptly enlarged ther ; Corotia with a s nae wide tube about 4+ inch long, somewhat inflated in the middle, pale green, lobes pure white or somewhat cream-coloured (very nately pinkish), the marginal hairs copious and long. Carsute short, ovoid-oblong, rarely more than % inch and never more than } inch in length, capped by the persistent cup- _ shaped calyx-limb with erect teeth. As with other species of Cinchona in cultivation there is in this a great deal of variability in the form of the leaf, even in adult trees. On the flowering branches they are often narrow and almost strap-shaped, whilst in some plants they are as broad as C. officinalis, var. Condaminea, from which it is indeed not always easy to distinguish them. The amount of red coloration in the veins is variable, and rarely quite absent. hough always absolutely glabrous when mature, this is by no means the case with young plants; seedlings up to a year or two old are frequently more or less hairy be eal but as. the trees get older this disappears. These young leaves are also often of very large size, and the upper surface usually has a velvety sheen or reflét ; not unfrequently the under side is of a fine purplish tint; but none of these points are, of much importance. The unexpanded leaves and the buds and young soft shoots have, however, a bronze or pee tint by which in a field of C. Calisaya the plants of C. Ledgeriana may often be picked out at first sight. When withering the leaves fain orange- lake to brown smooth; but there seems to be considerable variability in appear- a and I cannot learn that any guide as to quality is afforded e long-styled and short- “styled forms seem to be pretty adlaiy distributed in Ceylon specimens, perhaps the short- oh (with exserted stamens) ‘hes rather more frequent. I do observe any correlated differences in foliage or inflorescence. The trees flower here during the months from May to September. The capsules are described by Dr. King as “nearly globular,” but I have seen none of that form, all being as above described. Those ger collected were considered by Mr. Howard to be similar — ya, Var. microcarpa, Wedd. (figured in the Oraehiey: ti The best asks ae C. Ledgeriana from all forms of C. Calisaya ea foun the flowers. Their drooping habit, and more Pia the tire size, short inflated tube, and white colour of their corolla, are quite characteristic; the difference is well seen just uty expansion, when in C. Ca lisay ya the tube is topped by a A CHINESE PUZZLE BY LINN@/US. 825 suddenly-inflated knob quite absent in the present species. The flowers certainly thus make an approach to CU. micrantha, R. & P., colou red rene given of the eno leaves, extremely like feet, and the flowers of this ‘‘morada”’ to be ‘‘ purple” ; but a closely-allied form, ‘la verde,” has them ‘‘ white. For the specimens figured I am indebted to Mr. Walter Agar. They are from Mahanilla — ti the Maskeliya district of Ceylon, about 54 years old from seed, and about 9} feet high ote plantation i in the Nilginis, obtained, there can be no doubt, from trees which originated from Mr. Ledger’s seed. Peradeniya, Ceylon, September Ist, 1881, XPLANATION oF PLATES 221 anp 222.— Fig. 1. A flowering is Pde * A panicle-branch showing the dimorphic habit of the flower. Buds igs. rol opened (enlarged ). Fig. 6. Fruit. Fig. 6.* Id. (from ie hing 7. Tree (oe which specimen was taken (,';). Fig. 8. Top of a seedling pl A CHINESE PUZZLE BY LINNAUS. By Pror. Asa Gray. ‘Species Plantarum’ Linneus characterized and named an Athamantha chinensis, and gives s the following indi- urce : b th applies it to some Chinese Umbellifer. DeCandolle, in arn gt Who: Go: pep whe: : 1 1 4 bo ore moos : me ooor co: cl Bb bs cor: oo + Oe . eres fo oR pod ee oe? Ne: i ‘ Oo: Jaa! ONPWOTAKF WRRrRDrF DRE DP: DK ary to cs 10 js i=) bo . . bo . . meh. GO OO. OS o- DDHwWONMH Oe DP Oe: bo bo a bo ot — jena. & a r—) |e TROPICAL AFRICA. 4| 18 1| 8 12 59 11 | 22 ke bo ee bo i or Pee i BKBOORADWWOOMRPH ND NK WOH OK reer leo) p= — pw * me) CO BD OO OD Or Or He DO SO HE SD Or Or j= or 333 TROPICAL INI e bo Cm Cd bo DR DAH oe OS OO OD Oot OD Or Or SD e IA. 17 34 7 190 334 ON THE NATURAL HISTORY OF MADAGASCAR. 0 with 500. The large genera of ferns all fall into this category, Polypodium, Acrostichum, Asplenium, and Pteris. Some of them are wrappers, such as Ficus with 400 species, Piper with 600, Phyl- lanthus with 400-500, Croton 450. ut many of these large cosmopoli ra are Dicotyledons of shrubby or arborescent an gen y or ar habit, with insect-fertilised hermaphrodite flowers, a distinct calyx and corolla, and showy scented petals. Loranthus, with 3800 Commelina, Dioscorea, Dalechampia, Andropogon, Scleria, Kyllingia, Mimosa, Jussiga, Homalium, and many other : i Wiety-spreap Specms.—The marked tendency to uniformity in general character which is shown by the flora of the whole tropical zone is further illustrated by the fact that a considerable r which are most largely represented are Gramineae and Cyperacee in Monocotyledons, and, in Dicotyledons, Composite, Leguminosae, and Malvaceae. ON THE NATURAL HISTORY OF MADAGASOAR. 335 GraMINEZ.—Coix Lacryma, Dactyloctenium egyptiacum, Eleusine indica, Cynodon Dactylon, Panicum Crus-galli, fiuitans, prostratum, sanguinale, and Colonum, Chloris barbata, Oplismenus Burmanni, Ste- notaphrum complanatum, Andropogon contortus. CypERACEE.——Cyperus compressus, rotundus, difformts, articulatus, Mariscus umbellatus, Abilgaardia monostachya, Fimbristylis diphylla, Scirpus mucronatus, Fuirena umbellata, Lipocarpha argentea, Cladium Mariseus. Composit2.—Elephantopus scaber, Ageratum conyzoides, Adeno- stemma viscosum, Mikania scandens, Gnaphalium luteo-album, Kclipta erecta, Bidens pilosa and bipinnata, Chrysanthellum procumbens, Sonchus asper and oleraceus, Lecuminosm.—Crotalaria verrucosa and striata, Tephrosia pur- purea, Zornia diphylla, Desmodium triflorum, Abrus precatorius, Clitoria Ternatea, Teramnus labialis, Mucuna pruriens, Dioclea reflexa, Canavalia ensiformis, Sophora tomentosa, Casalpinia Bonducella, Cassia occidentalis. ALVACER.—Sida rhombifolia, spinosa, carpinifolia, Urena lobata, Hibiscus tiliaceus. : The majority of these cosmopolitan plants are coarse-growing ’ annuals or herbaceous perennials, with abundant flowers and copious easily-dispersed. seeds. They are mostly such as grow readily in waste a en places. A few of them are shrubby plants of sea-shores, as, for instance, Suriana maritima, Hibiscus tiliaceus, an Sophora tomento the flowering plants Piper subumbellatum is portion which they will bear to the whole flora | because the flora of Madagascar is so much more extensive HE FLO Hooker, a ieotyledons. Reckoning the orders of same scale, the number will be about » 336 ON THE NATURAL HISTORY OF MADAGASCAR. orders 125 are already known in Madagascar. Only one of them, Chlenacee, is — oe far as published material goes, as peculiar to the island, and o of its five genera we have in the Ke corymb of flowers, like those of a csi te two or three inches in couple of inches in diameter when ex ed. In Behiectahia there ure two flowers to olucre, ows ut in the fruiting nm inv and it o stage, and is laciniated at the edge like that of Cotton. In the three other genera the flowers are smaller and aggregated at the end of the oes in dense corymbose panicles. The total — species known in ‘ In the tad altogether the cue a of genera now pare is about 700. Of these about 80, of which the following is approximate catalogue sands under the natural oo be supposed to be endemic, so far as present knowledge exten ENISPERMACEEX.—Rhap — Spirospermum, Bursaia. SrercuLicexZ.—Cheir Trm1acex.— erronamareetn mers A Polycardia, Saprnpace®.—Macphersonia. ANACARDIACER.—Micronychia, Baronia Leeuminos2.—Chadsia, Bauken, Colvillea. CRASSULACER. —Kitchingia. HamMaMELIDZ.— neo F PHOREEZ.—Mae MeE.astTomace. smh biethid; Veprecella, ae Gravesia. Samypacem.—Calantica, Nisa, Asteropeia, cia, Myriantheia pa a —Deidamia, Physena. Rus — Breonia, Carphalia, ——. Chapeliera, Nema- tostylis, Loris Saldania, Hymenocnem Composit.—Centauropsis, Rochonia "Gl ycideras, Henricia, Syncho- dendron, i sais abadiinl NS a Micractia, Epallage. Loseniace ®.—Dialypetalw on. Saporacem.—Cryptogyne. Oteace®.—WNoronhia. Apocynace®.—Craspidospermum, Plectaneia, Mascarenhaisia. Ascieprapace®.—Pentopetia, Camptocarpus, Harpanema, Pyeno- neurum, Decanema, Pervillea,. TIAN —Tachiadenus. ConvoLvuLace®.— Bonamia. ON THE NATURAL HISTORY OF MADAGASCAR. 3837 ScROPHULARIACEXE.—Hydrotriche, Rhaphispermum. AcantTHAace®.—Periblema, Brachystephanus, Lasiocladus. VERBENACER .—Adelosa. eo : ACE enonia. Puytouaccace®.—Barbenia, Monimiaces.—LEphippiandra. Lauract&.—Ravensara, Potameia. Proteaces.—Dilobeia. Evurnorsiace“.—Leptonema, Cometia, Tannodia, Spherostylis. Urricacem.—Pachytrophe, Ampalis. Patmacex%.—Dypsis uUCcAC RAMINEZ.—Maltebrunnea. : Several of these are represented by a single species only, and none of them by more than five or six. Many of them are little very imperfectly. The principal point of general interest to be noted about them is that they are scattered through the whole lace. : Sere type that influences most the general physiognomy of the vegetation is the Traveller’s Tree, Ravenala ma ariensis. It is allied to Heliconia and the Banana, and has a tall simple and a capsular fruit, with numerous small umbilicate seeds with a blue pulpy arillus. Dypsis is a palm alli moe leaves. Colvillea\(figured Bot. Mag., t. 3825, 3826) 1s a magniticen Mimosa, and a de d convex orbicular petals. Bankea 18 a shrubby climber allie i ed re 338 A BOTANICAL RAMBLE ALONG THE SLANEY. with lanceolate bracteoles. Bonamia is an erect Convolvulaceous re) sm. couple of inches in diameter. Mascarenhaisia is allied to Echites, but 1 is not scandent. The flower is rather like that of Tachiadenus, and a baccate fruit the size of a greengage lum. Dicoryphe has ifonaraces stamens, sg a 8-celle spticae sone ovary. (To be continued.) A BOTANICAL RAMBLE ALONG THE SLANEY AND UP THE EAST COAST OF WEXFORD. By Henry Cuicuester Hart, B.A. June and July last I spent several days in a botanical exploration of the River Slaney, starting at its source and turning northwards from its mouth, up the — of Wexford, to Arklow. I met with a good num mber of unnoticed varieties, and noted earetally the distribution in the district of some of the rarest Irish plants, as Mathiola sinuata, Juncus acutus, &c. I will give an account of my secon oe in the order in which they were made. th of e, having crossed the eastern shoulder . Lugna oe aor igsaahaiel few hundred feet, I struck southern rivulet, which at a Loans elevation is called cet Lil Slaney; it is an uninteresting and tortuous stream, ing amongst stony banks for the first few miles. About half-way ay doe this southern slope of Lugnaquilia, above Coolmoney, I found upon rocks in the river-bed a small patch of Hieracium anglicum, & hawkweed which has not been gathered previously in the Wicklow istrict. At the base of the steeper part of the descent many common sedges appear abundantly, and it is serene how these prevail along the river-banks in the poorer, upland soil. the lowlands, from Baltinglass southwards, the change to the larger river-plants and grasses is well-marked. The sedges noted were, A BOTANICAL RAMBLE ALONG THE SLANEY. 839 Carex pulicaris, C. stellulata, C. flava, C. ovalis, C. vulg C. glauca, C. panicea, C. hirta, and C. acuta ; the two latter were the last to appear, ranging from about Coolmoney to Baltinglass, near which the last disappeared. As the river widened and ou Davistown I gathered Equisetum hyemale in two or three places, and on tho edge of a corn-field Lamium intermedium. This part of the river is of little interest and no beauty, and the inn at the town of Baltinglass —— I nh compelled to pass the night will by no means invite a second vi On the 18th of J thes ‘T iowa the left bank of the river, which had now assumed considerable dimensions. Close to the village is E. parviflorum) line the borders, while in the gira itself Potamogeton crispus and P. heterophyllus (scarce) appear in company with the large-flowered water-crowfoot, Ranunculus “Aori bundus. At Tullow, where I < i for a time, the scenery becomes prettily more agree und and able. In the piighbousont of Carlow, about nine miles west- ward, I noticed Anthriscus vulgaris, Huonymus europaus, and Orchis pyr ambdalis, On the 5th of July I resumed my walk along the left bank of the river at Tullow. Here sedges have almost entirely dis appeared. A ore below Tullow I observed Orchis pyramidalis, Arabis hirsuta, arvensis, Potamogeton lucens, Festuca arundinacea, Lepidium le of miles lower, _ ame neulus ss jtercin fills the stream in still places with its miata “of Fiateusel) ae ianapeiioed green. At Aghade the woody banks by the Slaney present a more varied a interesting ree vr sean are tangled with Rosa arvensis n the ditch-banks Kquis maximum an the eye, while both the hare shield-ferns, Polystichum sdegeeeiad (rarely) and P. angulare, ar et a met with. At Ballint e the hrow . shelter-loving vegetation. Notwithstanding a ‘set apes notices to trespassers, I thought this the most interesting reac e river ; Tt must be a ath spot for the angler, while the sides of the The leaves of which are so a a : aside, in the shade, Alliaria officina plentiful ; — si RO i te Eupatoria, Malwa moschata, and Carew levigata were also gathered here; in my opinion the 340 A BOTANICAL RAMBLE ALONG THE SLANEY. mentioned. Im grav noticed Verbascum Thapsus, Reseda Luteola, Carduus tenuiflorus (a long way inland for this plant), Carlina vulgaris, Origanum vulgare, Phleum pratense, and Lychnis Githago, in company with Orchis 88 g Valerianella dentata. Here also by the stream was Rumew Hydro- Baltinglass. July 6th. . Along the left bank of the river, close to the village, there is an abundance of Malva moschata, and, a little farther on, Hypericum dubium, Origanum vulgare, Verbascum Thapsus, and below Clohamon, Sparyanium simplee occurs with these last, and here also, on dry gravel banks close by the river, there is a considerable growth of Viola hirta. In the river, Potamogeton perfoliatus and Polygonium amphibium are plentiful, and a little farther on by its edge is Nasturtium palustre. About a mile above Ballycarney, a village half-way (five miles) from Newtown-barry to Enniscorthy, I met with abundance of Orobanche minor in & clover-field between the road and the river, close to Mountfinn House. Near Ballycarney I noticed Euphorbia exiqua, Valerianella dentata, Polystichum angulare, and *Saponaria officinalis; and by the river, a little farther on, Lycopus europaeus, afterwards frequent. Near Scarawash Bridge I again met with Orobanche minor. In this A BOTANICAL RAMBLE ALONG THE SLANEY. 841 heavy swamps by the river, and these last two sedges appear profusely in deep water-courses running from the railway to the river farther on. Deep and treacherous bog-holes and swam a time, I plunged again into the marsh, which was chiefly composed of Rumea Hydrolapathum, Arundo Phragmites, Pedicularis palustris, and Scirpus lacustris. This was a little past Edermine Station. Here also was abundance of Solanum Dulcamara and Carex paniculata with its dense tussock-forming roots. Typha latifolia, Carex vulpina, C. ampullacea, Equisetum maximum, Lycopus europaeus, and Scrophularia aquatica were also comman. The first genuine h flat estuary. July 7th. Having passed the night in a comfortable hotel at and along an embankment, making my way to Raven Point. waste ground across the ferry I noticed Apium graveolens, Senebiera Coronopus, Ranunculus sceleratus, Stachys arvensis, Leontodon hirtum, * Cichoriw +Tavatera arborea, and the sand-hill form of Cichorium Intybus, {Lav Janes eye -cgime acne’ hern side, Juncus acutus occurs for the first time; Juncus maritimus, Scirpus Savii, Potamogeton pusillus, and Blysmus rufus occur close by. Amongst the sand-hills at Raven Point I observed Habenaria viridis, Viola Curtista, Gentiana campestris, Euphorbia portlandica, Epipactis palustris Phi arenarium, Samolus Valerandi, Festuca uniglumis, Ly arvens akile There were sheets of the maritima, Eryngium maritimum, &e handsome Epipactis in flower, and it reappeared frequently as far as Cahore Point. At Curracloa Juncus acutus 18 plentiful, and its with alternating bands of black and green. Here there is a large floating bog overgrown wit eeds and aquatic plants. I discovered that it was floating only by ather Sium angustifolium, when I immediately shot through the raft. With ‘Sium, Rumex Hydro- B42 A BOTANICAL RAMBLE ALONG THE SLANEY. lapathum is also abundant ; and on dry banks near by are Listera ovata and *Pastinaca sativa. Near this, by the shore, amongst ed Convolvulus arvensis. At Ballyconigar or Blackwater Head, a higher eminence in the marl-bank, south of a small stream, I first met with Mathiola sinuata. It was in full bloom, and the hoary i f b glaucous foliag a beautiful contrast with the rich purple bloss , which is one of the rarest Irish plants, was previous] from this locality. By the small stre y kno I noticed Chlora perfoliata, Equisetum Moorei, Gnaphalium germani- cum, and Poa aquatica. About four and a half miles north of this point, near Tinnyberna, on a headlan the sea, I met with Mathiola sinuata again, with Silene anglica. Reseda lutea, Torilis nodosa, Carduus nutans, and Stachys arvensis, all rare plants in Ireland and not previously noticed in this locality.. Here I struck three or four miles inland, and obtained accommodation for the night at Kilmuckridge. July Made my way down to the coast by the small stream running south from Kilmuckridge. About a mile from the shore I noticed Carex ovalis, and a little lower down is a colony of I again noticed Orobanche minor. This clover, apparently native, is one of the most abundant plants all along these marl-banks both outside and upon the boundary ditches; and the appearance of the A BOTANICAL RAMBLE ALONG THE: SLANEY. 8438 also Kquisetum maximum, Carex riparia, and Rubus casius. A little north of Morris Castle is a lonely marshy lake studded with islets, the breeding haunt of many wild-fowl, as terns, teal, ducks, C. vu here abundantly. About a mile beyond Morris Castle sand-hills again occupy the coast-line, and with these reappears Juncus acutus Vv int it r hills I gathered Epipactis palustris, Equisetum Mooret, Euphorbia portlandica, E. Paralias, Thalictrum minus (var. maritimum), Liubus casius, Festuca uniglumis, Triodia decumbens, eum arenariwn, and other sand-hill plants in plenty. out half a mile south of oasts; this forms an intermediate station. Between this an Courtown the coast is for the most part low and sandy, and yields nothing worthy of note. Thalictrum maritimum occurs in many places; in the demesne at Courtown Carex pendula is common. Between Courtown and Gorey I gathered T'rifolium medium. From ublin. July 11th. After a couple of days I resumed my walk at Courtown, a pretty little bathing-place with a small harbour and an open sea. By the shore, along sand-hills, Hippophae rhamnoides ing in some places impervious thickets. It extends for about three-quarters of a mile north of Courtown Harbour, fringing the sea-edge of the Earl of Courtown’s demesne, and ceasing there, with the exception of a small isolated t ; bu at. Raven Point, eland,’ by A. G. More, p. 28). Soldanella in beau- Carex pendula and C. remota occur, while Vicia sylvatica covers and decorates the banks of brambles along its sides. By the shore north of this, near Bally- money, Cynoglossum officinale and Viola Curtisii occur commonly. 344 SHORT NOTES. At the north of a river about half-way between Courtown and Kilmichael Point Juncus acutus appears again. Near cpus of ere W Arklow Head; while on sandy wastes immediately north of it Juncus acutus appears again, though very much smaller than the Cahore and Raven Point plan ou Arklow to Dublin the coast has been well examined, ee hich he following is a list of those which had not been previously noted in their re districts; it is unnecessary to repeat the exact localities heehee _fovibund, Bab. Chenopodium rubrum, Linn. D. 4. 3 and Distric n Obione portulacoides, Moq. D. 4. Viola ee ‘Tan. D. 4. Rumeax Hydrolapathum, Huds. *DLavatera arborea, Linn. D. 4 D. 38. Rubus cesius, Linn. D. 4. Blysmus rufus, Panz. Hieracium anglicum, Fries. D.4. Carew acuta, Linn. D. 8 and 4. H. boreale, Fries. D. 3. C. vesicaria, Linn. Carduus nutans, Linn. D. 4. Festuca arundinacea, Schreb. Orobanche minor, Linn. D. 8 & 4. D. 8. Lamium intermedium, Fries. D. 4. SHORT NOTES. PotamMoGETON HETEROPHYLLUS, Schreb., var. PSEUDO-NITENS, mihi. coriaceous); stipules evenly veined, those at the base of the peduncles less inflated than heterophyllus ; etanaiie slender, and spikes shorter than typical heterophyllus: in all these characters agreeing lier with nitens. We found — fruit only. I have seen nothing like it from Europe or N. America, and as it seems worth a varietal name I propose the above for it, er show its affinity SHORT NOTES. B45 (Surrey and Hants) occurred P. pusillus var. tenuissimus, Fries, in large patches; its beautiful deep green colour made it distinguish- able at some distance from ordinary pusillus. Here it showed no approach to the type, but had very narrow tapering leaves, much like those of P. rutilus, Wolfg., on a small scale-—Anrruur BENNETT. for this species, and about double that distance from 1 th Devon one near Linton; but so very little is known of most of the botany of the tract of country coming in between Boyton and quotes Dr. Bo suspects latifolia and Mougeotit are but the extreme forms of a series of hybrids between Aria and torminalis. As regards latifolia, Rare Eneuisa anp Irish Puants.—A rose which I gathered last 2 y¥ 346 EXTRACTS AND NOTICES. Lapponum, witonag a single rather large plant, growing in a osition near one of the beaten tracts; was it planted ? tolerable abundance. Chara canescens (fide Groves), Little Sea, Studland, Dorset, 1879.—Boxtron Kine. Extracts and Notices of Books and HMemotrs. EXTRACTS Pike, THE REPORT FOR 1880 OF THE BOTANICAL HANGE CLUB OF THE BRITISH ISLES. [Eprrep py Mr. James Grovus]. (Coneluded from p. 317.) P. heterophyllus, Schreb., form ies broad-based submerged leaves. Kirbister Loch, Orkney, July, 1875.—J. T. Bosw P. pectinatus, L., genuinus.— Loch of Rirkister, Orphir, Orkney, August, 1880.—J. T. Boswell. P. filiformis, Nolte—Mud at bottom of brackish water near “ ee of Brogar, Loch of Harray, Orkney, 24th September, —H. Halcro Johnston F Dacbatlce polycarpa, Nolte, var. tenuissima, cea ——Kirbister Loch, Orphir, Orkney, August, spe gS Ruppia rostellata, Koch, var a, Bos w.——In Oyee of Firth, Orkney, August, 1880. Stem | PRR aeholls buried in the mud, which is shi by the sea Se. high water. Peduncles very short, curving downwards, so as to bury the fruit in the silt ; stalks of the nuts heal shorter than i in the ordinary form of R. rostellata, but many times longer than the nuts; nuts very oblique and rostrate, as in R. rostellata; leaves setaceous; sheaths not swollen. This plant is much like No. 205 of Balansa’s ‘ Plantes d’ Algérie,’ 1852, named R. maritima, var. acaulis, J. Gay, from ‘ Bords de la ep The Orkney plant has some resemblance to R. brachypus, Gay, but has shorter stems, narrower sheaths, and much longer stalks to bo _ which are less swollen and distinetly rostrate.—John T. we Zostera angustifolia, Reich.—Oyce of Firth, Orkney, August and — 1880.—J. T. Boswell and H. Halero Johnston. seudacorus, L..—_Swampy meadow, Kelvedon, Essex, June, 1880.~E. G. Varenne. This appe — to me to be the I. pseudo- Boreau, Flore du Centre, 8me éd., tome u., 5. “Botanical Exchang e ‘Club Report, : 3878, p. 19. L. acoriformis, Bor., the more widely distributed and common form, is readily (as far as my experience goes) distinguished by the different colour EXTRACTS AND NOTICES. 847 and cote of its outer perianth-segments and the much broader . T stigma o do justice to the critical forms of Jris, a flower, to picatanichs each specimen, should be pulled to pieces, and the —Geo. Ni perianth-segments, stigmas, &c., dried separately cholson. Carea fulva, Good., var. sterilis, E. B. a ed. iii. —Swanbister, Orphir, Orkney, August, 1880.—J. T. Boswell. Spartina Townsenpt, H. and J. Groves.—Plant 14-4 feet high. Leaves falling short of the spikes ; lamina almost rp broadest at base, jointed to the sheath. Spikes usually somewhat crowded; glumes an hairy on the keel; rachis Gases the last spike let. This is the plant oe to by us in the ‘ Journal of B of S. ; . Townsendi differs from S. alterniflora by its more slender stem, leaves falling short of the spikes, and the laminwe ste g jointed to vi sheaths; from S. stricta by its much greater size, i Seine and ore numerous ise nd by the rachis much exceeding the last apikslos It grows in denser patches than either, mee is noticeable mong the somites by its taller stems and wer flowers. of Asa Gray’s ‘ Manual ;’ from Muhlenberg’s description, we thin his 8. glabra should be referred to 8. alterniflora, but have seen no specimens. Mud flats, near Hythe, South Hants.—H. and J. Groves. Aira . Ben Voistich; Perthshire, 1878.—J. Cosmo Melvill. exuosa, & very interesting form; it has three perfect flowers in a spikelet, and I never saw such a thing before. In the sections intermediates, although having come across the variety at as many as ten different stations in Herefordshire and other counties during the last few haga — weak secant autumn, are to be counted so. two grasses? I have repeate discovered it in ordimary asper, 348 EXTRACTS AND NOTICES. description there quoted from Lange ; never in the present variety. —Augustin Ley. I have read over the Rev. Augustin Ley’s notes, and in them I see he says that in late autumn weak panicles of asper often have the upper sheath glabrous; if this be so, I ink we must abandon Benekenii as a possible subspecies, as it is raised from seeds from the same individual plant.—J. T. Boswell. This seems to show that Benekenii is not sao attention, unless it is something unknown to me.— Babingto Asplenium ger manicum, Wei ss.—Pass of Lauber, June, 1871. This i is not the Swiss plant that goes by the name A. germanicum an uprig t crowth, and is surrounded by a thick girth of the “ Llanberis plant is somewhat tough and broader, and the fronds arch away from the centre, and are varnished like A. septentr ionale. I saw no surrounding of old broken-off fronds. On taking the Llanberis plant to Kew, a good many years ago, I found it was known as A. Breynii at the beginning of this century.—T. Butler. Just half-way between type yermanicum and type Ruta-muraria.— a mane A. Ruta-muraria, var. pseudo-germanicum, Milde !— J. T. Bosw Tsoetes Morei, D. Moore.—Lough Bray, Co. Wicklow, October, 1880,—Fred. Moore. Ought never to have been named as species; it is only an interesting form of I. lacustris.—C. C. gton. Chara vulgaris, L., var. longibracteata.—Small tls near Shal- fleet, Isle of Wight, October, 1880.—George Nicholso C. frayilis, Desv., var. Hedwigit_Kingston, pee. October, tee Si pone ¥ Nicholson. of a epee Se aseete is po odto a large form of this species, among C, fragilis, Hedwigti, at Kingston. This is a very interesting dis- covery, as the plant has not been sa in England for many years, and is probably extinct in Borrer’s Sussex locality fiat of local floras. The ‘Catalogue of the Phenogamous and Vascular Crypto- gamous Plants of asa Balsa has been appearing in monthl instalments as a supplement to Coulter’s ‘ Botanical Gazette,’ has been issued raf its mithore (Messrs. Coulter and C. R. Barnes) in pamphlet fo: We 5 sock the Report of the Botanical and Horticultural Congress held at Brussels in 1880. The principal botanical papers EXTRACTS AND NOTICES. 351 - contained in it are ‘‘ Researches on the influence of light upon the coloration of leaves,” by E. Pyneart; ‘‘ Notice of the Hederacee collected by André in New Grenada, Ecuador, and Peru,” by K. Marchal, Oreopanax Andreanum and Sciadophyllum Planchonianum being new species ; ‘On the querciform leaves from the gravel at Aix-la-Chapelle,” by M. Debey, for which the genus Dryophyllum is established, fifteen species being described and figured. Wer glad to notice that Mr. W. R. Gerard is urging upon the scans of the Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club the de- sirability of collecting the popular names of North American plants, with a view to publishing the same in the Bulletin wk anitieleat material has ai collected. ARTICLES IN JOURNALS.—SEPTEMBER. Annales des Sciences Naturelles (tom. xi., no. 8, dated June). — z gee : vay gue of French Guiana Plants’ (Salacia rugulosa and 8 ora, n.) — J. Vesque, ‘On some local forma- tions ” Cellulose’ (1 ‘tab. ee D’Arbaumont, ‘ The Stems of dm- ard (4 tab.) (Sept.): A. F. W. Schimper, ‘ The origin and wth of ance —R. Lee On the passage from the root to the aD (5 tab.) Botanical Gazette. —A. H. Curtis, ‘ Chapmannia and Garberia.’—- EK. J. Hill, ‘ Botanival Nees, (chiefly on Potamogetons). — A. F. Foerste, ‘ ‘Nasturtium lacust Botanische Zeitung.— ks De Bary, ‘Contributions to the know- ledge of Peronosporee’ (concluded). Bulletin of Torrey Botanical Club.—E. L. Greene, ‘ New Plants, chiefly New Mexican’ (Astragalus Gilensis, A. Mogollonicus, Poten- tilla subviscosa, Megarrhiza Gilensis, Senecio Ca rdamine, S. Howellii, SP ge Par aks G. E. Davenport, ‘ Verna tion in Botrychia. . H. Le ‘ Fertilization of Rhexia virginica.’ Flora.—J. my ack, ‘On the European Species o of Radula’ (con- oh (R. Carringtonii, n.sp., from Killarney, Treland).—A. Gehe e & mpe, ‘ Additamenta ad Enumerationum Muscorum in Rio maier & H. Ambronn, ‘On the relation between sc life-history structure of Climbing Plants.’— P. G. Strobl, brodes ’ (continue Journal of Linnean Society (Botany, vol. xix., no, 114).— 8. G, Shattock, ‘ On the Reprodu uctive Processes which occur in Vegetable _B. D. Jackson, ‘ Note o n Hibiscus — L., and allied species.’—Title-page and Index to a0. xviii Magyar Névénytani Lapok.— ii, Haynald, ' Ceratophyllum penta- canthum,’ n. sp. ae Midland sea hee: _ E. Bagnall, ‘ Flora of Warwickshire (continued Vues (Hudderstie sfield)—_W. West, isc. 9 age Report of Yorkshire Naturalists’ Union for 1880" (concluded). 852 BOTANICAL NEWS. (Esterr. Bot, Zeitschrift — W. Voss, ‘ Reliquie Plemeliane.’— H. Wawra, New Plants from Brazil (Weinmannia Itatiaie, Gaul- theria Itatiaie, Manettia filicaulis, Cystanthera citrina) and India (Ruellia Saltpoorensis and Rhitryglossa ? [Rhytiglossa] indica.’ — V. von Borbas, Peloria in Delphiniwm consolt a.—F. Antoine, ‘On the development of adventitious roots in Japanese Conifers ’ (1 tab.) __P. Sintenis, ‘ Flora of Cyprus’ (continued).—P. G. Strobl, ‘ Flora of Etna’ (continued). Botanical News. tunately the Fungi, which had been so abundant this year during September, had come to an end; and the weather being remark- Moccas Park ; among the few Fungi found there may be mentioned Agaricus ditopus, Store, adiposus, dryinus, Hygrophorus calyptre- ; h d formis and russo-coriaceus. e next day was devoted to Haywood B were gathered :—dyaricus gloivcephalus, clypeolarius, rancidus, Cor- tinarius hinnuleus, fulgens, and Peziza saniosa. Friday was devoted to the woods of Sunny Gutter, near Ludlow. Among the Fungi gathered the following may be mentioned :—Agaricus depluens, Lac- tarius chryssorheus, Cortinarius armillatus, sublanatus, armeniacus, hemitrichus, sanguineus, Cantharellus crispus, and Cordiceps militaris. The following papers were rea after the usual dinner or at the Vize::* G Plowri ‘Monstrosities in Fungi,’ by W. Phillips ; ‘The Tomato Diseases,’ by C. B. Plowright. Mr. James Crate Niven, for many years Curator of the Hull Botanic Gardens, died on October 16th, aged 53. He was at one time Assistant-Curator of Kew Gardens, and published a ‘Cata- logue of the Herbaceous Plants’ in cultivation there. In 1853 he went to the Hull Gardens, where he devoted his attention chiefly to hardy plants, of which his knowledge was very extensive. Tab. 224). s, Groves, , Kuetx. -2.C. contraria 1. Chava baltica, Braz. var affini Ovigtial Articles. NOTES ON BRITISH CHARACEZ. By Henry anp James GRovEs. (Puate 224.) Tue present ae was commenced as an account of Chara baltica and C. contraria, but it has been thought a convenient opportunity to pablials additional localities, &c., for the _ species, of which we have seen specimens since writing 0 ** Review of the British Characee.” We also take this da 2 to thank those botanists wee have kindly sent us specimens of these plants. rracitis, Desv.—Near Dolgelly, perigee 1881, J. G. iRivinnoliobitals var. barbata); near Thirsk, N.-E. orks, 1880, G. Nicholson; Loch Laggan, W. Perth, 1881, &. Pid (approaching var. delicatula). Var. HedwigitNear Kingston, sirctaeh 1880, G. Nicholson (see Bot. Exch. Club Report, 1880, p. 89, and Journ. Bot., 1881, p. 848); near Knowle, Warwickshire, i810, J. E. Bagnall ; near Ripo on, M.-W. Yorks, 1881, G. Nicholson. Bap hc Won ceracs Sutton Park, Warwickshire, 1878, J. LE. 4 conntvens, Braun.—We have received a specimen of this collected 52 Mr. Bolton King, at Slapton Sands, last year, which removes the doubt veg inet in our ‘“ Review” as to the identity of the ove from that locality. GC. aspera, Willd.--Burwell Fen, Cambridgeshire, 1881, H. G.; sea the ‘same station from which Mr. Bennett recorded it in Journ. Bot., 1881, p. 278; Lough Derg, E. Galway, 1881, Bolton ing Var. curta, _— Char. Europ., p. 6. C. curta, Kuetz. Tab. Phye., vii., t. 53.—Branchlets very short, somewhat incurved ; spine-cells man Ny ee Usually much incrusted. Lough Derg, E. Galway, 1881, Bolton King (see Journ. Bot., 1881, p. 34 y | C. paurica, Bruzel. Obs. — eye pp. 11 and 19; Fries in Aspegren’s Blekings Flor. (18 23), p. 65 (nam ame) ; Agardh, Syst. Alg., p. 127; Wallm. Act. Stockh., 1852 (1854), p. 818; Kuetz. ; i 2; Wallst. t. Skan d. Char., p. 16; Mon og Bot. Notiser, 1868, p. 49; . Bab. Man. ed. viii., p. 472. C. hispida, var. baltica, Hartm. Skand. Flor. (1820), p. 876. C. firma, Ag. Syst. Alg. (1824), Introduction, p. 28. x. s, vor. 10. [Dxcemser, 1881.) Ba @ = Q o =e nm > ae E = a: is] ape 354 NOTES ON BRITISH CHARACE. C. Nolteana, Braun, Ann. Se. Nat. (1834), p. 2 Liljebladii, Wallm. Act. Stockh., 1852 da54}, p . 814. awsice.—Braun, Rabenh. & Stizenb., Nos. i, 96, 114; Siaodst. & Wahlst., Nos. 35-40 and 103-108 : Fries, Herb. Norm. 3 ix, 100. Var. affinis, nobis. Stem 6-18 inches high, often nearly simple, rather stout, with two rows of cortical cells to each branchlet; primary cortical cells equalling, or exceeding the secondary hate part of stem wit slender, spread e-cells, lower nodes thicke Whorls of 9-10 nearly straight, or slightly i ee Sranciice. Stipulodes ong and sle anchlets of 7-9 joints, 8-4 ecorticate Bract-cells 6-8, acute, whorled, the inner twice as long, the outer as long as the nucule. Nu cule oval, 11-striate; coronula a Ra nucleus black. Globule small. Monecious. Tab. 224, urs in the stream running into Kynance Cove, and in the pools Sinstck where it was discovered by Mr. James Cunnack in 1876. Our attention was first drawn to the plant by Mr. Gatnol who i ee pee it in 1878, but sections of the stem of his dried specimens fai o show that the primary cortical cells were the larger; hence we were obliged then to refer it to C. hispida, in spite of its evident resemblance to CU. baltica, in general appearance. Last year, while writing our ‘“‘ Review,” we received from Mr. Arthur Bennett fresh specimens of the plant, as cultivated by Mr. Curnow, aden e-cells bein snot arp and often two or three ot One form has nearly all the aogrd e Ba branchlets to the coast of Norw way. We are much indebted to Herr Otto Nordstedt and Dr. L. J. Wahlstedt for a large series of this, among other Scandinavian species, and to the former for kindly forwarding us copies of the description and extract from Hartmann an nd eee which mee we have been unable to find. ; Cob. : Act. Stockh. 1852 (1854), p. 804; Wahlst. ede Char., p- 15; onog. ofv. ‘Sver. och Norg. Char., p- 81; Nordst. Bot. Notiser (1863), p. 46; Leonh. Gsterr. Arml. Seiacka, p- 82. C, fetida,. var. moniliformis, Braun, Ann. Se. Nat., 1884, p. 855. ait Jetida, var. B. contraria, Cosa. & Germ. Fl. Par., ed. i, p. NOTES ON BRITISH CHARACEA. 855 Exsicc.—Braun, R. & S., 37-8, 84, 88-90; Nordst. & Wahlst., 67-77 ; Rabenh. Alg. Sachs., hb 499. the secondary, bearing few short and obtuse, or peat siege Whorls usually distant, of 6-8 incurved branchlets. Stipulodes small. Branchlets of 6-7 joints, about half see tdakss eloped bract-cells 4. Nucules 14-striate ; Fi sake short, spreading ; nucleus black. Monincient Tab. g. Pool near Harest s. sone en T. R. Archer Briggs ; peat ditch, Romsey, S. g al 1881, H. G.; tank at Kew, Surrey, i Bo Ad at C. Soon closely resembles C. vulgaris in general appearance, and in being much incrusted, but is usually smaller, more rigid, the main distinguishing character, however, consists in the i i e prominent than the secondary. Like C. vulgaris and C. fragilis, it is agg oat over the greater part of the world, and is very varia ur drawing, taken Cambridgeshire specimens, cabal a small form of the species, which often att e@ 9-12 in., with branchlets som spreading spine- — but as in these are deciduou This species is one quoted as C. contraria of Braun, w. so labelled specimens, but it was first described by Kuetzing in his : Phycologia Germanica ;' it should therefore be written ‘“ C. con- aria, ba st Ze : a, L.—North Somerset, Herb. Kew anal near Farn- bikonah, "North Hants, H. C. Watson ; Lough Derg, East Galway, 1881, Bolton King Var. rudis 2 at Derg, East Galway, 1881, Bolton King. C. vuiearts, L.—Between Melliss an d Redgrave, East Suffolk, 1880, shaar! ‘Bennett (see om fan rap Club Report, 1880, p. 42) ; Swanbister, Orkney, H. H. Var Unpbradtass —Kew Gacdinie, — 1881, G. Nicholson; Se Se Ee Mr. ‘Briggs * Flora of Ply. * The plant fro “ , ur ‘aathorit Briggs now writes us tha ar a doubt“ fata,” ey ea iy. Mr of the county record is wanted. The Kew pla nt, is ithot it fruit, and of that from Forfar we have bu doubt in referring -both to this species o be not uncommon in Britain, especially in peat 856 NOTES ON BRITISH CHARACE. ee pg tag, 1881, G. Webster ; Lough Derg, East Galway, 1881, Bol Var ie __Folkestone Warren, East Kent, pint Ha J; Ge: Teshington Holt. Warwickshire, 1881, J. H. Bagna ‘Var. rs aignagete —-Near Thornton-le- Street, N.-E. ok: 1881, G. Nicho GC. canescens, Loisel.—Little Sea, Studland, Dorset, 1879, Bolton King (see Journ. Bot., 1881, p. 846). Last year when at Falmouth, Mr. Ralfs and I (J. G.) searched the pond, pointed out apparent absence from the eae son renders Mr. King’s discovery of it in Dorset the more . optusa, Desy.—East he en Arthur Bennett (see Journ. Bot., 1880, p. 319, and 1881, p. 1). LycuNnotHamNnus aLopecurorpEs, Braun.—Mr. Charles Bailey this summer séllcoted fine specimens of this species in the old locality at Newtown, Isle of Wight, whence it seemed to have disappeared. ToLyYPELLA GLoMmERATA, Leonh.-—Near Thirsk, N.-E. Yorks., 1880, G. Nicholson (see Journ. Bot. 1880, p. 373). T. PR a and T. inrricata, Leonh.—These two species were re dsaasibed in Leonhardi, Csterr. Arml. Gewachse (1854), NITELLA TENUISSIMA, Kuetz. — Wicken Fen, Cambs., very sparingly ; plentiful in one nee in Burwell Fen, 1881, H. G. N. rranstucens, Ag.—Loch Laggan, W. Perth, 1880, R. Kidston. N. , Ag.—Near Falmouth, it Cornwall, 1880, J. W. South cis near ar Tottendge, Middlesex, 1881, H ots N. opaca, Ag.—Near Tideford, E. Cornwall, 1880, 7. R. Archer Briggs ; near Staines, Middlesex, 1880, H. G@.; Sutton Park, Warwickshire, 1876, J. H. Bagnall; near Thirsk, N.-E. Yorks. 1880, Pag Nicholson ; ‘fiber: Pond, Roxburgh, 1874, A. Brotherston. r. attenuata, nobis _—Branchlets much more slender and longer than in the type, ‘the secondary rays often 2 in. long, and under ‘01 in. in diameter. Near Hythe, 8. Hants, 1878, H. G. This var. much resembles the more slender forms globules and nucules appear to be entirely without the gelatinous coating of that species. Herr Nordstedt, he Sig seen specimens of the plant, also considers it a form of N. o SCRIPTION OF Tap. 2 —Fig. 1.—Chara bree var, affinis (nat. size) ; tie Portion of 0 bag mapal 1b. See of stem; fn ine eee nat. size); 2a. Porti ed; ab Section of seat igh Ripe pole vale, eee vat segs hon — 357 NOTES ON NORFOLK PLANTS. By Arruur Bennett, F.L.S. Tuese notes are written with special reference to the Rev. Ponte Eigeh s Flora of the County, and to Mr. H. G. Geldart’s iP gre of the Norfolk and Norwich Naturalists’ Sosa: “(1874 s yet little | ‘ans been done. among the critical genera (Mentha excepted), and there is a wide field for work among them ; and it is especially to be desired that the Broads should be eac ch and all arefully examined. The discoveries of Mr. Sturrock and others during the last three years in the Scottish Lochs is an encourage- ment to such a task. ‘Bhose plants that are additional to the county are marked with a I hav e to thank Mr. 1 G. Bb rae! tie for his kindness in folk herba: ria in | There is yet much to be nite eet old records and herbaria, and I publish these notes with the hope that botanists will be induced to visit a county that has an interesting and varied flora, and scenery in the Broad district almost unique. Some of the localities are given to fill bact saps in Mr. Geldart’s districts. | The papers ef Dr. Tri Journ. Bot., 1877, p. 183 ), a nd by n responsible for the species a lactea, Sm.—‘ North Denes, Yarmouth, Miss Bell sp.” me W. r. Watson considered that Mis 3 Bell's specimen was lactea as lately as 1877, yet he does not give it for the county in B I haye never been able to find it, although I have V. sylvatica, Fr.—V. Riviniana is the only form I have seen in the connty. Doubtless V. Reichenbachiana would be found if care- fully looked for Cerastium tetrandum, Curt.—North Denes, Yarmouth. Spergularia neglecta, Syme.—Yarmo Scleranthus perennis, L.—Very abundant on Santon Nasdeii, near Thetford. adept pyrenaicum, L.—Near Norwich, 1878, Mr. Walker! Gallii, Plane. h. __Felbrigg, near Cromer, C. Bailey : Exchange Club Report’ for 1874. Near Norwich, Mr. Walter! The Rev. Kirby Trimmer and Mr. Geldart record “ U. nanu only, eh Prof. Babington doubted whether restricted nanus as Bad he county. Mr. Glasspoole has shown me specimens that I should oe supposed were nanus, but Prof. Babington doubted them. Mr. Watson reco it for EK. Norfolk, on the authority of a specimen from Coope Medicago sylvestris, Fries. AeOrtaner; Mr. C. Bailey! Between Norwiah and Hellesdon I should like té record here my firm belief that Medicago faleata, 858 NOTES ON NORFOLK PLANTS. county I have never visite M. minima, Lan eve Tctfora, ” E. Forster, in Herb. Mus. Brit. Santon Warren, near Thetford. This species is by no means so common in Norfolk as it is in Suffo Trifolium suffocatum, L.—North Denes, omarnen Will soon be extinct, from building operations going o Orobus tuberosus, L.—I feel sure I saw this between Holkham and pannoesien; but did not pee any specimens, not then knowing it was doubtful for the county. e non-occurrence, Or great rari ity, a this species in some of the eastern counties is somewhat Paar ble. ensis, Auct., var. (O. maritima, Dum. Barre plant of the coast panes hills will, 1 think, prove to be the 0. ma “itima, ail ae I have seen notype specimens of his plant. There a in the new edition of Babington’s ‘ : Manual’ but ates Prof. alae considers this the. same as the Belgian plant, Ido not know. When young it is non- or the spines zr. * Rosa micrantha, Sm., fide Baker.—Between Grohe and Filby *R. tomentosa, Sm., var. subglobosa, Sm.—Between Swainsthorpe and Swardeston. te canina wey yar. su sa i Woods.—Tivetsh all, very fine [Ca itriche pit Linn.—This should be expunged ; the true plant is little likely to have occurred. The sub- -species truncata oa be more likely C. hamulata, Kiitz.—Near “Yarm uth. * Fpilobium palustre, L.; E. Pein Baker (fide Haussknecht), — Filby, plen — *#E. obscu Schreb.—Filby. * nanthe pee Coleman.—Heigham Sounds, Hickling. Galium verum, l., var.—The plant of the coast sand-hills agrees well with French specimens I possess of the var. littorale (@. Bre- bissonti, Le Jol. ?) Ga, ir With.—+North Denes, Yarmouth. A rare plant in the coun Sen tris, DC.—* Methwold Fen, 1838,” JW. Marshall. Herb., H. C. "Woteon | Still in fair estas some eight miles from Yarmouth ; very fine this year (1881). nula Pulicaria, L.—I have seen a specimen from Ormsby. *+Crepis setosa, Hall, fil—Godwick, Mr. H. G. Glasspoole! Hieracium umbellatum, Linn.—Hollows on Caistor Marrams. Gentiana Pneumonanthe, L.—St. Faiths, 1878 ! Veronica verna, .—Santon Warren, near Thetford ; abundan t. Myosotis palustris, With.—Buckenham, near Norwich, very fine, NOTES ON NORFOLK PLANTS. 359 1881. a 7” C. Watson considered this should be verified in many countie * Statice pee G. E. Smith.—Cley, Prof. Prabington; Mr. H. C. Watson. Braneaster, Herb. Glasspoole! Holkham ; Holme-by- the-Sca. It is curious that both Rev. K. Trimmer and Mr. Geldart omit this plan Chenopodium steht Smith,‘ W.,” in Mr. Geldart’s list, is an error ; the plant of Hunstanton is pseudo- -botryoides of Watson. Rune pve es Auct.—R. Friesii is the only form I have gathered Polygonum aviculare, L., var.—A remarkable plant, looking very much like maritimum, was gathered by Mr. H. G. Glasspoole at Brunda Potamogeton plantagineus, Du Croz.—Ormsby, Mr. Glasspoole ! Broome Fen ! 2; Per. ‘ce cieed L.—* Thetford, Mr. Salmo usifolius, Mert. & Koch.—Mr. Geldext gives this for all his tai but Mr. ba ct doubted it; it is certainly rare in the county, and I know from two localities only; Caistor, near Let ae and ‘“ Hidiicses Dam,” . K. Trimmer in Herb. Brit. M 8.1 Ft marines Schrad._-Much more abundant than obtusifolius. Perhaps Mr. Ge ldart included this under obtusifolius, as he doe not notice mucronatus, although many localities are given by Re ir P. flabellatus, Bab.—In the river at uses ham Orchis inearnata, L.—Near Filby. *Epipactis ovalis, Bab. ae a fir plantation, Docking, from a correspondent: Miss Be ll sp.”—Mr. H.G. Watson. Mr. Watson, in answer to enquiries soit this plant, remarks: ‘‘ Of course so long back (forty porsche it was sent and received as latifolia. The only other name the plant had in England about this date was the misnomer of H. rubra, given to it in Yorkshire, and intending what is now known as Cephalanthera rubra,” Noy. 9th, 1880. This is a remarkable instance of distribution. In his Flora the Rev. K. Trimmer, under Hpipactis latifolia, gives the station of—‘‘ In a plantation near Hyde Park, Docking.” Can this refer to the same lant ? 2 [Poly Lager flan All.—Should be expunged. ‘Never = nd in Eng. Flora. No doubt the record “ near Yar- outh, F. 2. mor roted ‘by ae refers to Suffolk, and to the aad station, “Lily Pi radwell,” but the species there was P. multiflora—see Turner ‘ aan: Bot. Guide, p. 548, &e. * Alisma ranunculoides, L., var. repens, eipicsmes should iikely be referred here. I have only seen | rdi Ger Sera triqueter, L. _-Almost certainly an error—see Turner & -] Dillwyu’s ‘ Botanist’s Guide,’ p. 421 860 OBSERVATIONS UPON BRASSICA BRIGGSII. Conte arenaria, L.—Santon Warren, near Thetford ; an inland statio 0. pracon, Jacq. pag = Thetford. *C. ericetorum, Poll.—Santon Warren, very sparingly. Digitaria humifusa, ag et possess a aga labelled, ‘* Near Bungay, but on the Norfolk side,” Mr. Sto * Festuca ambigua, Le Gall.—Santon ee rren, abundant. Botrychium Lunaria, Sw.—Santon Warren, sparingly. game det Ag.—E. Norfolk ! uissima, Kiitz—Roydon Fen, Sept., 1852, Herb. Borrer! Norfo. = N. glomerata, Chevall.—W. Norf *Chara stelligera, Bauer.—Filby ! sg Men Heigham. . fetida, —E. Norfolk ! *C’, hispida, L. —Potter Heigham. *C. fragilis, Desv.—Potter Heigham. OBSERVATIONS UPON BRASSICA BRIGGSII, Wats. By E. G. Varennz. In the summer of 1880, during a visit to the West of England, in said was known by the name of Charlock or Garlic. He observed that it was a great pest all over the cultivated land of the > aerate and had been known as such during the memory an. The plant thus indicated by Mr. Curnow had neither the botanical characters nor don habit of growth of Sinapis arvensis, L., the Charlock which is so well known as an abundant weed in the corn-fields of the Hast ah: England. It agreed, however, igs) well with Sinapis siete. L., by being very abundan in the localities in which it grows, in being difficult of extirpation, ha also in being an old-established weed. On further examination and investigation, this Newlyn plant turned out to be an annual Brassica, with a slender tap root, agreeing in its botanical characteristics fe that which has been named Brassica Briggsii by the lat Watson. It certainly bears a great resemblance—as Mr. Water also thought—to the Brassica hig’ angie L., as it is ‘elineated in Plate 2234 of ‘ English Botany.’ But @ flowers of Bra a Briggsii ave true turnip- flowers, of a oon brighter bet oh class than are those of B. Sieatiggs A in the ‘English Botany’ plate. Some of the seeds of Brassica Briggsii brought to Kelvedon from Newlyn last year were sown in a garden-pot in the early part of the spring-time of the present year. They soon vegetated. the vey young growth of the plants the first leaves which appeared after the ee hg leaves had fully formed were green m colour, and beset with a number of bulbous caducous hairs. About Keema time the plants were fairly in foliage, ‘OBSERVATIONS UPON BRASSICA BRIGGSII. 861 showing the upper glaucous leaves and the bright es flowers, and having plenty of seed-pods formed. Unfortunately an amateur gardener picked up the ‘eterna things re weeds, so that the opportunity of hatte, a fresh supply of seeds was lost. However, enough had b een to warrant the conclusion that Brassica Briggsit was not a Save 1 plant. ome very young specimens of these seedling Brassicas were in the middle of May, and another specimen to Mr. Bri oe er Plymouth. Mr. Watson, as the readers of this Journal well know, first ani out the fact that turnip-Brassicas are easily distinguishable from rape- and cole-seed, when very young, wai a colour of the es of the young Brassica Briggsii sent to him. The remarks Mr. Watson made concerning the young leaves, in a pores received from him, were to the effect that ‘‘the Brassica is Brassica Briggsit, I suppose ; its pei green colour quite well jails it from Napus and Ruta Mr. Briggs lies the young leaves which he received from me to be similar to those grown from the a of the B. Briggsit which he met with at Torpoint, Cornwall, in 1878. On visiting Penzance again towards the Bi of the past July, it was plain enough that the first crop of Brassica Briggstt had been destroyed when the summer produce of the fields was lifted a nd carted away ; but very soon afterwards, in the month of August, shane sag’ young turnips about dung-heaps and by the side of rn-fields, Brassica Briggsit sprung up very quickly, and it showed itself ace at the end of the month. Growing freely am onget the summer-sown turnips, it was a trouble to the boys d to * up ane which were the cultiv at plants to be allowed to remain. Brassica } Penzance. Uniil it came under the observation of Mr. Briggs, at Yeo, Devon, in 1870, it had not attracted the notice of botanists in the West of England, and it appears to have somes overlooked in that quarter of the kingdom in much the e way as were Epilobium pati petty 8. & M., and Arum ent a Mill., not so very many year With r a 4 ‘the distribution of Brassica —— generally thronghout Goes Britain, it will be us eless to refer to any except m we wish to have cia ideas on that point. The descriptive works of Babington and Hooker afford no infor- mation SOROS URE ¢ Brassica — seh campestris, L., to the Napus sylvestris of Ray, and to the Wilde Navew of Gasel aa stated by the latter writer (p. 181) to grow ‘upon ditch- bankes, neere unto villages and good townes, as also upon fresh marshie bankes in vob places ”’:—this, docu it may B 862 ON THE NATURAL HISTORY OF MADAGASCAR. be, cannot well be supposed to be our plant. So that to refer to the habitats recorded in local Floras, lists, and guide-books, in the hope of obta taining thereby any idea - “ distribution of Brassica growing ne ar Bodmin, in Cornwall. So far as my opportunities of observing the plant allow me to state its distribution, it is as follows :—Brassica Briggsii was met with near the Land’s End; a away eastward on the road to Truro: its line of range of growth xtending from Yeo, et to the extreme west of Cornwall, a distance of over ninety miles ON THE NATURAL HISTORY OF MADAGASCAR. By J. G. Baxer, F.R.S. (Concluded from p. 338.) Chose AFFINITY OF THE Mapacascar FLora WITH THOSE OF MavRITIUS AND THE OTHER SMALL NEIGHBOURING IsLanps.—Between the flora of Madagascar and those of Mauritius, the Seychelles, Bourbon, and the Comoro group of islands, there is a close alliance. This may be best illustrated by examining the range of a few which are confined to the Mascarene group, but not entirely restricted to Madagascar alone. For instance, of the Rubiaceous genus Danais, a shrubby climber allied to Cinchona, there are four or five endemic species in Madagascar, one confined to Mauritius, and one to Rodriguez. Aphloia, with two or perhaps three species, grows in Madagascar, Mauritius, Bourbon, Rodriguez, and the Seychelles. Its neighbour Ludia grows in all ‘the same islands, and, in addition, has lately — detected by Sir John Kirk on the mainland opposite Zanzibar. Fwtidia, a curious anomalous genus of Myrtacee, is found in A pn Moctus, and Rodrigue ez. Obetia, a large stinging tree-nettle, figured by Gaudichaud in the beautiful atlas of plates illustrating the botany of the voyage of the ‘ Bonite,’ is found in Mauritius, Bourbon, Rodriguez, and Madagascar. Wed- dell Beg two. species, but _ Madagascar and Bourbon plant appear to me identical. amea, a genus of Scrophulariacee, named by Mr. Bentham ue King Radama, has one species in Madagascar, and a second in Galega — and the Seychelles. Phyllarthron, a very curious erect Bignoniad with articulated leaves, has four species in Madagascar and one in rahe Comoro group. Its neighbour sai named after Sir Lowry Cole, has six species in Madagascar, one in ree and one in the Seychelles. Stephano- daphne of Ballas. allied to Dais and Lasiosiphon of the Cape, has m in Madagascar, one in itius, one in Bourbon, one in tea Sreutien pil one that oa sore by the ON: THE NATURAL HISTORY OF MADAGASCAR. 863 Livingstone expedition in the eepath hearst Of ese phon species common to Madagascar and the sma ands, and not found elsewhere, we have instances in “Clematis. A ES i ivGiauien virusanum, Phyllanthus casticum, madagascariense, Acalypha colorata, Hlatostema fagifolium, ‘Oberonia br evifolia, Eulophia scripta, and many other Orchids, Smilaa anceps, Cyperus ferrugineus and longifolius. According to Dr. Kuhn’s recent enumeration in the botany of Van der Decken’s eee: out of 262 aie anne ferns, 115 occur in Mauritius and 138 in Bourbon. CLOSE AFFINITY OF THE eats Fora WITH THAT oF TROPICAL Arrica.—There is a strong affinity between the forest-flora of the tropical zone in Madagascar and that of the main African conti- nent. In Rubiacee alone there are ten genera —_ Otomeria, Dirichletia, Tricalysia, Diplocrater, Cremaspora, Albert , Lecontea, and Anthosper — otherwise restricted to Tropical Afriea, whi ch extend their range to Madagascar. Of the Sas genus Dombeya, in Sterculiacee, there are about 25 species, half of which are natives of the forests of agen cycome = the others of Kafiraria, Natal, Abyssinia, Bourbon, and Mauritius. There is a remarkable genus of Podostemacee called Hy aes, > species of which is used Madagascar, one in Natal, one in Mozam iqu e, and one in the iain eek country. Of the Pipnctiancscnn genus P. one species of which enters largely into the Madagascar pharmacopeeia as a remedy in scabies and eczema, there are half a dozen species in the island, and on the continent four, in the Mozambique district, Nile- land, and Upper and Lower Guinea. Another very curious genus is Xerophyta, an endogen allied to Narcissus, wi ‘shrubby stems and star-like blue flowers, with a glutinous inferior ovary. this there are four species in Madagascar, ten or a dozen in Angola, Abyssinia, Natal, and Central Africa, and about half a dozen in the mountain provinces of epi Brazil. We others, inte of ee ate ane Sout st ada- r and Tropical Africa in Haronga madagascariensis, which urs also in Mauritius, Mozambique, Angola, and Sons apes d paleaceum, Eriosema cajanoides an ret Tree (Lrachylobium Hornemannianum), Albizaia Fastigiata, , Rubus apetalus and pinnatus, Serpicula repens, | AND THE ial affinit between i. rp of Madagascar and the Se Asia and the Malay archipelago. aii veo ; of these 28 belong There is one endemic species 364 ON THE NATURAL HISTORY OF MADAGASCAR. in the Seychelles and one in Madagascar, but the order does not reach Mauritius, Bourbon, or the African continent. Of Tam- rissa, in Monimiacee, there are about a dozen species divided between Madagascar and Mauritius, and one in Java. Of the scandent Asclepiadeous genus St sine gp Ai species of which, with its clusters of tubular pure white waxy flowers, is a great ornament of our conservatories, there are five species in Mada- gascar, and five in the Malay archipelago and South China. Of Strongylodon, in Phaseolea, there are four species: one in Polynesia, one in the New Hebrides, a third in Ceylon, and a fourth in Mada- gascar. Of the Lagerstromia, in Lythracee, there are 18 species in joer Asia, concentrated in Birma, and one has lately been covered in the hill-country of Central Madagascar. Hernandia e oup, but fails to reach the African continent. Other Asiatic species sath in Madagascar, but not in Continental Africa, are Afzelia aeorre ecm Pongamia glabra, ae juga, and Barringtonia speciosa en the flora of the whole tropical zone is s Taoaiciioaitth in sis general character, it oes not seem to me either safe or necessary to assume a comparatively bolas land-connection 7 ne eee with India and Malaya to account for a few cases of AFFINITY OF THE FLORA OF THE HILL-counTRY oF CenTRAL Mapa- GASCAR WITH THOSE OF THE CAPE AND MOUNTAINS OF CENTRAL AFRICA. —There are many curious cases of affinity between the flora of the hill-country of Central Madagascar and those of the Cape and the mountains of Central Africa. Many of the groups and genera r gascar, as they arein the mountains of Abyssinia, Angola, Guinea and the Zambesi country by species closely allied to, but not absolutely identical with, those of their head- ee arters. At the Cape there are upwards of 500 heaths. In Central Madagascar there are about a dozen species—one Fricinella and the rest Philippias. The Selaginee are represented by a single endemic species, Selago muralis of Dilobeia; the special Cape ferns by Mohria caffrorum, Cheilanthes hirta, Pellwa calomelanos and P. hastata; the Cape saprophytic Scrophulariacee by Aleetra purieinclctinrs and Harveya obtusifolia ; the Cape orchids by species of Disa and Satyrium ; and the Cape Thyme- lacee 3 species of Dais and Lasiosiphon. Other characteristically Cape genera, represented by one or two endemic species in Central Madagascar, are sh ea Anthospermum, Diclis, st Ha and Streptocarpus. There are a few curious 7 in which charac- teristically temperate Saaes reach Central Madagascar, or a Madagascar species reappears at the Cape and amongst the Central African mountains. Amongst the nanan Cryptogamia of Central Madagascar are Asplenium Trichomanes, Nephrodium Filia-mas, Aspidium aculeatum, Pteris aquilina aa PB; cretica, Lycopodium ON THE NATURAL HISTORY OF MADAGASCAR, 865 sean and L. clavatum. Asplenium Mannii reappears in the ameroons and ie mbesi-land. The ae Madagascar violet (Fe onda, Tula asne, = V. emirnensis, Bojer, = V. abyssinica, Steud.) only occurs yes re at 7000 feet Distribution , 91 Allan's American Characee (rev), Alopecurus sacca s, 382 Acta hiepeiay 202 late-vagans, 208; podophylla, 202 an plant-names, 351 Androsace mucronifolia (err 12 90; Indian wale of, 19 - An gles of, 28, 128 Anthella 3) ‘phyllacantha, 60 Arabis bijuga, 32, 190; pangiensis, Aran Island (Donegal) plants, 19 Arctic plants, Aristotelia Braithwaitei, 850 udigerum, 142 apt Athamanta chinensis, 825 Athrixia og rma 190 | Bigelovia juncea, 159; ; ie Atti i dala So — Crittogamologica Au “ab ertia Tas seyi, 221 Australian Plants, Tate on, 125 Babington, C. C., on ei ct Osm ev.), 280; on Asplenium ger- ie ag 7 Bagnall’s Warwickshire Flora, si ., on Thomson’s 6; Macdagasear, ih 362; on Curtis's Malay and Madagascar Ferns, 3 Ball, J rasa on removal of Florence Mus botanical collections, Barrington on Irish pian. 189 Beckwith, W. E., on Shro pshire 3. cere, 94; on Bennett, A., on Potamogeton lan- meaner (tab. 217), 65; notes on Teesdale Potamogetons, 1; Irish Potam ogetons, 312; Potamogeton heterophys, pseudonitens, n Nor 35 — ose Ske - Colours of ), 349 Reais 8 Botany sy Soom rupestris, 8E 386 Botanical ne Club Report 75; for 0 314, 346 75 Botanical Record Clab Reports (rev.), 2 Botryehium Lunaria in Shropshire, 217 Braithwaite’s British Mosses, 29, Braithwaite, R., Sphagnum sub- 312; cds latifolia in E. Corn all, Bristol, Fungi, 190; Flora of, 224, Britten, J., Scirpus maritimus Berkshire, 55; Sonchus aouatin in Cambridgeshire, 152; Thlaspi 174; ane British Chuatacen,* new (t. 24), 35 British Fungi, Cooke’s Mucwitons of, 93 Briti sh presale new, 1 deport of Dept. 0, 252 Bru weer Report of Bot. Cuninte Bryelogiea Notes, 114 uckinghamshire Planta, 251 pce Garden, oraz of, 320 Bulgaria spongiosa, Calamagrostis Howellii, 882 Cambridgeshire, Nitella tenuissima , 28 thers, W., Report for 1880 of Bot. Dept. of British Museum, Cephalotus, Morphology of, 129 (tt. 219 and 220 Ceratophyllum pentagonum, 351 Chara baltica, var. affinis (tab. 224), 353; contraria (tab. 224), 354; INDEX. eaemigt (tab. 216), 1, 278; stelli- gera, 1, 278 Characez, Notes on British, 353 - Characées hog iby ises ic Chile, en ipecioed plants in, 176 Chinese ae new, 46, 112, 142, 150, 209, 216, 243 Chinese Puzzle by Linneus, a, Cinchona Ledgeriana ~ distinct Species (tt. 222, rans rke, C. ne n Comme- linacee (t. 221), 1 98; “yoviniil of Indian species of Leea, 135, 150, 63 Cheilanthes Parishii, 285 Cleistogamy, Co oud an geophiloides, 160 Co Coffee-leaf Disease, 95, 125 Colchicum autumn ale, Spring- f, 175 te) Colon nsay, Flora of, 154 Colour of Spring Flowers, 313 Commelinacem, ©. B. Clarke on, t. 221) Conifere, Manual of, 320 Cooke’s_ Tectia of British ung, ‘ Cornus crispula, 216; paucinervis, 216 Cornwall Plants, 55, 151, 217, 345 peony dependens, 190 rrey, ‘eae of, 310 Cotas Flora Londinensis,’ dates Cyathen riage 52; monstrabila, Fes ni, 1 Cy: hey off the goed ye 3 Cyperacen, Bentham on, 94 Cyrtanthera citrina, 352 Danea serrulata, 208 Darwin’s ‘ Movements of Plants (rev Dasya Gibbesii i in ee 81 Datisea hirta, 326 DeCandolle’s ‘ Monographise,’ vol. iii., 25 D elphini um scaposum, 9 Derbyshire, Flora of, 210, "944, 2938, Desmidize of N. Wales, 127 | Devonshire Roses, 30 ; ’ Carex, 151 Dicentra ochroleuca, 255 INDEX. Dick’s (Robert) Herbarium at Thur Dickson, A., Morphology of Cepha- lotus, 129 (tt. 219 and 220) Dipeadi Bakerian Distribution of Alchemilla con- jun 251; Scirpus s pauciflor rus in B 251; Flora of Northamptonshire, 285 Dryo ophyllum, 351 seater s (John) Herbarium given University, 64; ales Dunwich At the, 56 Ectocarpus terminalis in Britain, Engler’s ‘ Botanische Jahrbucher,’ ‘English Botany,’ ed. iii., author- ship of, 89 Epilobium, hyb brids in Epipactis iatvfolia, iciah forms of, 71 Epipogum ap aphylluminEngland, 875 Epping Field Club, Transactions of, 1 Eri cinella passerinoides, 82, 190 85 ures, Rrythrea capitata, 87, 302 ampestre in Suffolk, 55 Eumiitria, Ferns of Jamaica, 51, 275; of New Granada, cg Festuca oraria, Fissidens, greene of leaf of, 28 ; ie og 58 Fitzgerald's ‘ Australian Orchids,’ ‘ Flora Londinensis,’ dates of issue Musenm, proposed re- sa of collections atte Polkestons, Rambles round, 29 Fungus Foray of Woolh ope Club, 852 2 ! 387 ‘Garden, The,’ 59 Gaulthera Itatiaie, 852 i ulorum, Gladiolus Thomsoni 179 ar age dioicum in Cornwall, Graminex, Bentham on, 383° Gray, omg hinese Puzzle by Linneus, 325 or on alors of Lower Hebrides, Gurifth’s Flora of Carnarvonshire, ee Gro mn Chara obtu (tab. 21 iat of. pace on British Characee (t. 924), Groves, J., Report rt of Bot. Exchange Club for 1880, 314, Gymnogr ae vellea, 206; xero- phila, 206 ampe’s Moss Herbarium , 192 J., Tulipa a, sylvestris 175 F., a new Hong-Kong Campanula Corn Rhododendron, 243; : liacea, 274; on n Tacoaces, 289 Hants plants, Harknessia, 159 ants, plants, 233; on Wexford stare, Hauckia, 60 ‘ me development of in Phytele- Heath's ‘My Garden ney" 819 ; ‘ Where to find Fern Hebrides, Flora of Lower, 154 jai emileia vastatrix, 95, Hemsley’ Central Americ Botan ; list of Garden Orchi Wrens ‘Handbook,’ 819 Herpolirion capensis, 32, 190 Hertfordshire Oaks, 152 388 INDEX. Herts Nat. Hist. Soc., Trans- Ann. des Sciences Nat., 30, 93, actions of, 158 159, me 851 ibberd’s ‘Familiar Garden Archiv 3 de es Sciences, 190 Flowers’ (rev.), 58 Bot. otioer, 80, 60, 127, 190, 221, Hieracium asperulum, ; Ca 382 , 159; Kalmii, 826; lati- Bot. Zeitung, 31, 60, 93, 126, 159, 190; rubrum, 190 190, 255, 285, 820, 321, 382 bracteatum, Hofson on Sheffield Bot. Garden, 6 ker, J. D., Re bari for 1879, 56; for 1880, 381 8, E. M., Chemical ae ad promis 115; ypnu ponens, 116; ’ Kentish Grvpto: Hong-Kong, _ Scag pmnutg iy 47; w Anonacea, 112 Hoenn’ 8 ‘Botany for iiaaieniae) Schools,’ 12 Hymenomycete of fog sae 125 Hyoseris mami lla ypnum imponens, 118 Hyptis Itatiaix, 160 * Tcones Plantarum,’ 126 lliciner x, Stipules in, 94 Indian species of Leea, 100, 135, 163 Indiana Plants, catalogue of, 350 Inoderm Introduced plants in Chile, 176 Irish Botany, papers on, 19, 167, 189, 233, 338, 3 51 Irish Moss ses, 83; plants, 19, 167 Jackson, B. D., on Botanical ns pe goles 75, 279 ; dates of ‘ dng Londinensis a : urrey, 310 8 to Botanical Literature (rev. ey. 180 Jamaica Ferns, 51, 275 — ampanula rotundifolia in, pi eg At S., West Indian Fe erns, vk & new Jamaica Tree-fern, Jersey, Plantago arenaria in, 2 oe s ‘ Botany Taadingisok, f 5 pipe amy H. H., on Primula 19 J obease W., New British Lichens, —— Fee — Ameri pa Mace: 80, 60 eport of Kew Her- | Botanical Gazette, 60, 126, 159, . Torrey Bot. Club, 30, 60, 159, 221, 285, 351, 382 Flora, 31, 60, 98, 159, 190, 255, 286, 320, 351, 382 Hedwigia, 2 60, 98, 127, 160, 190, 256, 2 oe al of R. sLcecaedjiges Soe., 256 Journal of Rooke Club, 160 y’s Journal, 52, 320, , 80, 60, 94, 127, 160, iL, 221, 256, 286, 820, 352, Popular Science Review, 291 Proceedings Royal sovian my, 189 Bryologique, 31 Selatius-tfonaty, 60, ‘93, 127 Scottish Naturalist, 60, 98, 191, Trish Juncus rugulosus, ungerm a Juratzkana in Bri- tain, 116; opaonla, 33; Peastonl: 33 in, 2 ae Herbarium Report for oth ; ret 9; ci ee for: 1880, 881 Kite. Kent, ates spectabilis naturalised ; Cryptogams, 874 82 Kuntze, 0 0., - oe 4 te Sargas (rev.), cilicified ect S115 Lactarius flexuosus in Britain, 352 Lasiopetalum Teppei a hybrid, 350 Lecanora albolutescens, 113; rha- 13 INDEX. Soin a eris Curtisii, 366 Leea, revision of Indian species of, 100, 135, 163; aculeata, 105; ian “5 yi 138; crispa, 135 ; umingii ; gigantea, 140; tegrifolia, 142; javanica, Kurzii, 165; leta, 103 ; “atifolia 188; lin earifo lia, macro- phyila, 187; mann sis, 166; Mastersii, 142; para lela, 139; men Wightii, 103; Lejeunea ulici Leontodon hast f Devon, 812 Lepidozia Pearso heeri 382 ; Zippelians, Plemeliana,’ L Lishens, Cliaebisall ye for, 115 Linneus, a Chinese Puzzle by, 325 Linnean Society, 31, 61, 94, 191, a ean Lin eomexicanum, 159 Tiseeakare, Guide to Botanical 192, 222, 383 Lithospermum cobrense, 98; viride, Littorella lacustris in Oxfordshire, 7 ‘London Pride,’ 52 Loranthus nigrans, 209 uzula albida, 31 Lysimachia Ephemerum, 32 MacOwan, P., appointed to Cape Cape Town Botanic ge 64 Madagascar, Natural History of, 327; Fern if 6 ay I s, Ferns from, 366 Manettia filica 52 ews, ., Ornithogalum tenui- 91; on Flor Maximowicz’s ‘ seen 389 Medicago, an introduced, 153 Meetkerke’s ‘Guests of Flowers,’ 29 ; Megarrhiza Gilensis, 351 6; Melodorum glaucescens, 112 Melvill, J. C., Rubus gue na pp inetd ed in Kent Mennell, H. T., aces: arenaria in Jersey, 278 erceya, Michigan nage 284 Micronychia, Miller’s Tobia) drawings acquired by British Museum Moore, 8., on Mr. Darwin’s doctrine of Cleistogamy, 84 Morphology of leaf of Fissidens, 98; of Cephalotus, 129 (tt. 219 and 220 i pinety Trish, 83 Movements of irre (rev.), 875 ueller’s ‘ Eucalyptographia,’ 92; (re Masel Praterit 11, 33 n californicum, 221 Nabalus Roanensis, 60 . Nephrodium Antioquoianum, 205 ; longicaule, 204; valdep ilosum, New Books, 30, 59, 98, 126, 159, 20, 381 England in New Zealand Plants, Thomson on, Newboulid, W. W., on authorship of § ae Botany’ (ed. ori 89 spre (G.), The ‘ Kew , 59; development of H yee 54 edia, 92 arpa, 92; opaca, var. sitet, 356; tenui ssima in Cambridges eshire, 278 Nomenclature, recent tendencies in, 75; note on specific names, 279 aes 9 arenes 278, 357 Northamptonshire, Druce’s Flora of, 985 Nuphar Iu lutea, variety of, Nyman’s Conspectus, ati ii ” 055 390 Oaks of Hertfordshire, 152 Obituary :— J. J. Bigsby, 96 Jacob Boll, 160 Isaac Carroll 64, 128 , 310 rchis Braun. Jreopanax pes ore 351 sg aia tenuifolium in Por- AA ARAL g - ai, n Irish Mosses, 83 Orebanche Krylowi, 382; Pareysi, Pale tN a 82, 190 Orthotrichum nivale, 11 Osmunda rega SH in Cambridge- shir 4, Otanthera Fordii, 47 Oxfordshire Roses, 91; plants, 217 Painter, W. H., Flora of Derby- re 210, 244, 293, 374 Palicourea brasiliensis, 1 Pearson, Jungermannia Jura tzkana i in Britain, 116 Pedicularis eximia, Pelagophycus, 190 Peloria in Det aca 352 entstemon pauciflorus, 255; pini- “fo lius, 255 Pertusaria spilomanthoides, 113 Peziza ini Phacelia coerulea i New, published in 117 Phaseolus parvulus, 255 INDEX. Phillips, W., on Shropshire Hy- monomyeeti eed § Kah Senet Lun in Shrops. shire, 217 Philodendron, re sot it of heat Phyteuma a confusum, 286 Pitcairnia, synopsis of, 925, 266, 303; albiflos, 270; albuczfolia, 265; alta, 266; Altensteinii, 806; Andreana, 270; angustifolia, 232 ; a eat a densiflora, 8 penduliflora, 303 ; pruinosa, 270; palverulente, 271; pungens, 230; punicea, 304; recurv urvata, 305: virescens, 304; d ie ; ee calyx, 272; seein 805 Plantago arenaria in Jers 78 Plant names, Ameri ican, Ba g Polemonium flavum, 255 Polygala bday 209; uliginosa in Teesdale, 2 Parryi, 351 Polypodium Antioquolanum, 205 ; Curtisii, 367 ; le ag 205 Polyporus lacti 2 aoty Cuatnogeturn tenuifolium Pestle suffrutescens, 285 Potamogeton baat iy 9, 54, 65 (tab. 217); notes on vario INDEX . species, 241; Irish “age 312; heterophyllus var. eudo- nitens, 844; Hillii, 382 Potentilla subviscosa, 351 Primula Ru byl, 382; scotica, flowering of, 24 Pryor, R. A., ir of, 276; notes on Abbot's “Herbarium, 40, 67; Osmunda regali in Cam- bridgeshire, 54 ; gium cam pestre in var 5; the Dun wich Ro ose ertfordshire Puzzle, a Chinese, by Pyrus latifolia in E. Cornwall, 845 Radnorshire Plants, 170 Radula song ce 351 ulus , 82, 190; hir- utus, 2 ae a « of, 45; pan- giensis, 8 32, 190; sardous, 45 Revi Reports | of Botanical Record Club, 2 Species, Genera, et Ordines alga- rum. ByJ.G. Agardh, 26 Ueber Geysirs. aie - Kuntze, 27 Revision von Sargassum. By 0. K e, untz Familiar Garden Flowers. By F. E. Hulme and 8. Hibberd, 58 Characee of America. By TF. lin, ‘Les ge ag acées Génevoises. By Pp mano of . D. Jackson, By 8. By Sir Ca lifornia. J. Hooker (part viii-), Biologia rang RT ie ae tany). By W. Hemsley (part vil vii), 188 Peruvian Bark. By C. R. Mark- ham, 218 A hechors 8 Kryptog Flora. Von Dr.G. Winter, ar, 2220 By Manual of British Botany. C. C. Babington, 280 391 agi ag eee sur l'étude des Pa ui 6, 317 Botany, for High Schools and Colleges. By C. E. Bessey, The Movements @ gee By Charles Darwin, 3 hamnus prey 256 Rhodo n, Rhododen dron Henryi, 243 Rhytiglossa a B52 Ribes Mogollonicum, 382; pine- torum, 93 Ridley, H. N., Carex pilulifera gente (ta ab. “HD 97, 151; io Ra e plants, 170 Ridley's “Mis ‘Pocket Guide to rns,’ iietosnet s* bide nieces Las Roper, F. C. Sronge the ora of sat Rosa ; Carionii, 30; “Lucanaians, iy ; sepium in Ivelan , 345; Rose, the Dunwich, 56; Roses of Devonshire, 30 ; of Oxfo rdshire, 91 Rubus canadensis, 826; spectabilis naturalised in Kent, 2 arn aer laciniata, 116 ; rupes- ‘un ptt tare 852 Ruppia rostellata var. nana, 346 Russula cinnamomea, Yo; variata, 93 Salacia parviflora, 351: rugulosa, 351 Salix glaucophylla, 284; Heimerli, Salvia pretermissa, 116 untze on (rev.), 27 3 commutatus, 191 Schistophyllum Orrii, 31, 83 Schizocapsa plantaginea, 292 Sciadophyllum Planchonianum, 35 ‘ Seience-Gossip’ Bot. Exchange Seirpu us maritimus in oa 55; pauciflorus in Berks, Scopelophila ek 12; cataractie, 1 Scorpioid Cyme, history of the, 3 Scntellaria mussooriensis, 1 392 Selaginella se eponniee, 368 5 longissima, Ronecie canadensis 326; Carda- min ha- wellii, 35 SLs aaron ; trullefolius (error ® hullasfolina), 190 Seseli Mal yi, 127 Sheffield Botanic Garden, 1 Shropshire Plants, 48, 106, 143, 17; ; Hymenomycete eri, 60 176 Singapore, new Dracena from, 326 Smith and Wheeler’s Catalogue of Michigan Plants, 284 Solidago Noveboracensis, 826 Somersetshire, Thlaspi alpestre i in, Sphagnum subbicolor, 1 myiopylium, 93 Sporodesmium Ranii cy pring Flowers, colours ae vs sig Da R., Musci Prete 33 5 holo ogy of leaf Fission 98 Gabiarecenis capillare Stachys Spreitaenhofer, 30 Synchitrium Jonesii, 285 Taccacee, H. F. Hance on, 289 alinum confertiflorum, 382; humile, 1 Tate on Australian ‘cee 125 Teesdale plants, 251 Thlaspi alpestre in Somersetshire, 174 Thomson’s Central African plants, Thomson on N. Zealand plants, 125 oo austriaca, 1 wnsend, F., on Erythrea capi- tata, af Pate on par sg —_ 161% n Report of Bot Exchang e e-Clu for ae 175; ay Trade i 159 Trichomanes Ealverad. 208; seti- ferum INDEX. Trichostemma Parishii, at oa Maynense, 16 Trim , Cinchon » Eoligalicen a distinet species (tt. "222, 223) ,321 Tsuga caro Tulipa aiveeniei in flower, 175 Ulmus, British species of, 42 um ert 8 oe yound Folke eee eaten (errore alvoides). 190 Uromyces psorales, 285 ; zygadeni, 28 Urtica gracilenta, 382 Ustilago cingens, 382 Varenne, E. Gi, riggsii, 360 Veitch’s ‘ Manual of Conifers,’ oid rrucaria interseptula Cum d, 382 on Brassica Verru berlan Vicia leucophea, 255 ines, 8. H., History of the Scor- pioid Cyme, 3 Viola arenaria in Teesdale, 251; lactea in Bucks, 251 Viscum terrestre, 326 Wales, N., Desmides of, 127 Ward on Coffee- leaf disease, 125 ‘En. — Botany,’ ed. iii. 89; memoir of, Weinmannia ltatiaix, 352 hab roay agoyanensis, 12; cataracte, West Indian Ferns, 51 been W., Bryological Notes, 114, Woeford plants, 338 Whee! er and Snare Catalogue of 284 116; Bilas ncsomes of Co um. 2 m Wo a in Ceylon Woolhope Club, Fungus Foray of, Vorlshire, a Carex from, 24 ucca macrocarpa, 255 Zannichellia macrostemon, 251 Zygadenus porrifolius, 382 3938 ERRATA ET CORRIGENDA. Page 1 line 8 from bottom m, for “ N.,” read ‘ * Nitella.” _ 80 from top, for ‘* Pa nohot n,” read “ Pauchon.” 46 : from bottom, for “ generally,” read ‘ ‘ generically.” 83 a jor * viridulis,” read * vi iridu lus.” Pe = pa “ Orri,” read “ Orrit ” 15 " Rerrington, *! id: “ Berrington.” 109 lines 21 and 22 from 114 line 24 from top, for ‘* edition,” por ad “ mcrae 1 “ Parsea,” read “ Persea.’ Hoe.” 124 1 (top), for “ Rubus,” read “ ay ae from top, “Td.,” read “ Journ Bot.” 126 7 from botto «“ Dr.,” read “ D.” 190 1 (bottom), ir « alvoides,” read “ alooides,” and dele , after Dipeadi. se 3 from bottom, for “ hullefolius,” read * trulle folius fe or” uneroni. olia,” set sy ‘mucronifoia.” 224 t from top, for * Lactenus,’ Bp becet h 242 1 1881,” read “ 255 1 trom bottom, for “ Arizora, pies “ dione? 284 m top, for “ pelegine, read * pelegina.” a 2 ig 3 for “ Thev.,” rea “'Thw.” 282 16 4 should precede line 283 16 from bottom, for ‘‘ macroca a, ‘‘ odorata. 310 }. The MS. note of Pulteney, here referred to, wil be found in his - of Hudson’s ‘Flora Anglica,’ ed. i., now 1 n the of the Linnean Society.— . 45, foot-note. b 320 13 from bottom, for " Etna," ead “ the Nebrodes.” 329 10 from top, for *« 10° read "1°" 336 20 from bottom, for “ " Baukea,” read “ Bankea.” 337 13 from top, for’ * Mucacee @,” read “ Musacee,” and sh pepuae ciel 351 9 from otto « Reproductive,’ ’ read “ Reparativ 352 3 from top, der . gstaitherts ” read “ Cyrtan ca