THE.

JOURNAL OF BOTANY

BRITISH AND FOREIGN.

Edited bp
JAMES BRITTEN, F.&:5.;

British Muskum (NATURAL Histrory), SouTH KENSINGTON.

ILLUSTRATED WITH PLATES.

LONDON:
WEST, NEWMAN & CO., 54, HATTON GARDEN.

1888.

LONDON :
WEST, NEWMAN AND CO., PRINTERS,
54, HATTON GARDEN, E.C.

EDITORIAL.

At the end of last year I made a special appeal to the
readers of tltis Journal to extend its circulation. That appeal
_has been responded to, and I have now the satisfaction of

stating as a result that the balance, although not a large one,
is this year on the right side. I shall therefore be able during
1884 to return to the original plan of the Journal, and issue a
ae with each number. Certain alterations in arrangement
) —some of which have already been adopted—will enable me
to give additional matter without increasing the cost of
production.
It is therefore my silica task to thank the many friends
—some of them known to me, others unknown—whose help
has brought about this satisfactory state of affairs. To both
contributors and subscribers I tender my grateful acknow-
ledgments for their help in the past, while I venture to express
a confident hope that I may look forward to its continuance in
the future.
JAMES BRITTEN.
3, Gumley Row, Isleworth,
Dec. 1, 1883.

The General Index is about half finished, and it is hoped
to issue it in 1884. Additional subscribers are still needed in
in order that the expense of printing may be met.

CONTRIBUTORS
TO THE PRESENT VOLUME.

C. C. Basineron, M.A., F.B.S.
ou

Artuur Bennett, F.L.S.

Aurrep W. Bennett, M.A.,
F.L.S.

Henry Boswe

WELL.
ede oie S. Bouncer, F.L.S.,

F.G.S.
R. Brarrnwarre, M.D., F.L.S.
E. Biurscaruipes, M.
T. R. Arcner Busses: F. L.8.
ae Brirre cn i 8.

Rozert M. Ges

M. C. Coo age “u oe L.S.

Henry es.

Tuomas H. Corry, F.L.S.,

F.Z.S8.

F. B. Doveton.

G. C. Drucz, a

J. F. Durarm, M F.LS.
F.L.S.

W. ge B. i
H. C. Fm

Rogert D. Frezgenai, F.L.S

VES.
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Ernest G. Hare

Henry C. Hart, B.A.
W. Borrme Hemstey, A.L.S.
Tuomas Hick, B.A., B.Se.
. M. Homes, F.L.S.
B. Daypon Jackson, Sec. L.S.
F.L.S

: i
Maxweu.t T. Masreis. M. 5...

Js Cekico ge M.A., F.L.S.
F. T. Mor ;
James Mur » MLD. F.L.S.

GEORGE Mes 1.

RicHarp BAleaay M.A., F.L.S.
EORGE NICHOLSON

W. H. Pears

Henry N. Rowtey, M.A., F.L.S.

W. Moyzez Roesrs, M.A., F.L.S.

He. A; apiet

JaMES SauND:

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R. F. Townprow.

Freperick Townsenp, M.A.,
F..L.B8.

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Tuomas WALK
LFRED Wain
Wiuam WEst.
James W. WuiteE.
Joun WHITEHEAD,

THE >
JOURNAL OF BOTANY

BRITISH AND FOREIGN.

Ovigtnal Articles.

A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS SELAGINELLA.
By J. G. Baxer, F.R.S., &c.

Ferns excluded, half the known number of species of vascular
8 Lea snp belong to the genus Selaginella, as recast by Spring.
What about them from a structural, systematic, and
seattle ate sth of view was fully and ¢ arefully summed up by
Spring in the second volume of ey rier on the Lycopo-
diacew’ which was published in 1848. Since that date a large

but only a small proportion of them have been named and de-—
scribed. The genus at the present time would make an excellent
subject for a new monograph on the scale of Spring’s, and I should
much like to recommend such an undertaking to any of our
younger cryptogamists who are in search of a speciality. What I
pope attempted in the present paper is merely a working synopsis
n the same scale as our ‘ Synopsis Filicum.’ The leaf-organs in
this genus, by their arrangement upon either a distichous or multi-
farious plan and their uniformity in shape and character or dimor-
phism, furnish four excellent primary subdivisions, and there is
seldom, although not invar = y, any room for doubt under which
any given species, when a state of fructification, should be
classified. In Selaginella aemoeghist | in shape and the distichous

hand, uniformity in shape and the multifarious plan in arrange
ment is almost universal, there being three exceptional species
(complanatum, volubile, and scariosum). The Se aginellas have always
ctification concentrated into a distinct terminal spike, never
as in the Selago Lycopodiums (which constitute half the digi’ and

Psilotum, plone. in the axils of entirely unmodified leaves all down
estem. Ina minority, but yet a considerable number of ata’
ginellas, dimorphism in shape and a distichous plan of arrangement

carried out not only in the Hepes leaves, but also in the bracts
Vou, 21. [Janvary, 1888.] B

tee A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS SELAGINELLA,

of the spike. Nearly always (and I am quite unable to see any
reason for this, and should much like to have it explained) the

er br he maller and m
Eeeniing leaves. Tat the Soe of Selaginellas Tee constituting
the subgenus for which I have used Palisot Beauvois’ name of
Btachofynandeunt) we have distichous dimorphic leaves, but a
square fruit-spike, with bracts of uniform shape. The genus is
concentrated in the tropical zone, and has its head- as erlang in
Tropical America. Only two species extend their range into
Europe, and the Selaginellas of the Cape, Temperate Australia, ad
South ree pee are neither numerous nor re marka ble.
In the New World and the Old World thie species are 5 ante ely
different, with ut one exception amongst the distichous-leaved
tropical species, S. flabellata, and two of - multifarious-leaved
species, S. rupestris and spinulosa, both of which are character-
istically temperate types. It is very r daely ast any of the tropical
species is found in more than one of the three continents, but
it will b n that three out of the four subgenera and most of
the subordinate groups are sanseanld alike in America, ga and
Africa.

1. Seacineta (P. B.), Spring.*

orangia minute, orbicular, laterally jae aang membranous,
form a

sages gee dam slitting across the top of the broad diameter, con-
taining numerous dust-like microspores. Baceepormnele har 3
also 2- tric, ee four or fewer macrospores.—Hab tirely
of os ena taey which it differs by its dimorphic nee an
f the species small and fugacious, resembling

Fassia, “ith ook more than two vascular bundles on the main
stems. Stems copiously branched, the ultimate branching usually
flabellato- Lepiana prelng suberect, sarmentose or scandent,
with the root-fibres ) ase, or in the trailing species
extending ge the upper rs: in shape more or less dis tinctly

tral vein, usually tetrastichous and dimorphous and more or
oe. oblique, the two rowst of the lower Fene larger and more

iat

* For further information see Spring 8 elaborate Meuse in vol. 24 of the

: Memoirs of the yal Academy of Belgiu Page — Greville’s “ Sage
ration,” in Hoo es otanical Misce any vol. i ol, O04;
A. Braun's papers in t the el of tar Berlin Gren ree sais that reprinted
in Ann. Se. Nat., 4th series, vol. 13, p. 54); Trian d Planchon’s ‘ Cryptogam
of New Granada ;’ Kuhn's ‘ Fi ices sar AA } reir in ' Monatsbericht der K.
Preuss. Akad.,’ April, 1865, pp. 185—209.
+ Spring eee ea in the dimorphic-leaved species between folia synedra,

in whe h the leaves are inserted on the angles of the stem, and folia cathedra,
in which they are se Pabrer on its faces,

A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS SELAGINELLA. 8

spreading, the two rows of the upper ascending, adpressed to the
stem and imbricated; in the subgenus Euselaginella multifarious,
or, if tetrastichous, all alike. Spikes usually tetrastichous and
often sharply square, but in two subgenera dimorphic on the same
plan as the leaves, but mostly resupinate (i¢., the small bracts on
the same plane as the large leaves, and vice versa.

Cuavis.
pag : ero — Ordinary leaves all alike, multi-
fariou racts unifor
paar not shea square . Bp. 1-5
Spikes sharply square . Sp. 6-8

Subgenus If. Sracnyeynanprum. Ordinary ae of two kinds
and spreading in two planes, those - the upper plane smaller
and more ascending. Bracts unifor

Series I. Decumsrnres. Dwarf species with the main stem de-
cumbent and root-fibres extending to its upper nodes.

Group 1. Microphylle. Persistent species, uae leaves of firm

or moderately firm texture, continuous ae and leafy
anches not more than 1-12th—1-8th in. broad.
Asiatic and puropean Dp. 916
African Sp. 17-22

American. ‘ eee Sp. 23-51
Group 2. Plumose. Persistent species, with leaves of firm or
moderately firm saexteols; continuous stems, and leafy
branches 4-4 in. broad.

Asiatic . , : . Sp. 52-57
African Sp. 58-66
American : Sp. 67-92
Country unknown . . Bp. 93

Group 8. Stolonifere. Persistent species, ee articulated stems
(all but one American) . Sp. 94-1
Group 4. Apoda. Fugacious dora mostly tropical annuals
of the rainy season, with continuous stems

Asiatic : : . Sp. 1138-118
African : : . Sp. 119-121
American . : . Sp. 122-140

Series II. AscenpenTgs. Stems ascending, branched down to
the base, with the root-fibres confined to the nodes of the
lower ha

Group 1. Suberecta. Persistent species, with continuous stems,
the leaves small, the leafy branches not more than 1-12th
1-6th in. broad.

Asiatic and Polynesian. Sp. 141-147
American . ‘ . Sp. 148-149

4 A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS SELAGINELLA.

Group 2. Atrovirides, Persistent species, with continuous stems
and broad leafy branches.

Asiatic : : . Sp. 150-156
African . . o¢ Sp. 167
American . ; . Sp. 158-169

Country unknown . Sp. 170

Group 3. eet Persistent species, ra articulated
ms(all American) Sp. 171-

oup 4. Radiate. Fugacious species, as ecaaane an-
nuals of the rainy season, with unjointed s
Old World . : + Bp. Eee
New World . ; . Sp. 182-187
to)
‘ought, sometimes, but not always, branched down to the
base, the root-fibres confined to the base.
Old World . . Sp. 188-193
New World . ; . Sp. 194-197
Series IV. Sarmentosa. Persistent soi eg elongated stems
branched nearly or quite down
Asiatic and pec: Bp: 198-207
American é . Sp. 208

Series III. Rosunarm. Stems densely tufted, curling up in
drou, i

Series V. Scanpentes. Persistent dig re, with wide-climbing
continuous stems . Sp. 209-211

Series VI. Cavnuscenres. Persistent species, with erect stems,
simple in the lower part, decompound and frond-like up-
wards, the root-fibres confined to the base.
Group 1. Flabellate. Stems continuous.
Asiatic ‘ ‘ . Sp. 212-229
African ; ‘ . Sp. 230-233
American. ; . Sp. 234-246
Group 2. Geniculate. Stems articulated /all American) ~

Sp. 247-250

Subgenus III. a Ordinary leaves of two kinds, and
spreading in two planes. Bracts also dimorphous, the smaller
bracts in tis same ~~ as the smaller, more ascending
leaves ; : : . Sp. 251-252

sana IV. oe Ordinary leaves of two kinds, and
eading in two planes. Bracts also of two kinds, but the
ike onc eh (t.e., the smaller bracts in the same plane as

the larger leaves, and. vice versa).

Group 1. Bisulcate. Persistent species, with decumbent con-
tinuous main stems

All Asiatic . : . Sp. 258-256

CINCHONA LEDGERIANA A HYBRID. 5

Group 2. Bit fa tinit Fugacious species, with decumbent con-
tinuous main stems.
Asiatic shes thas . Sp. 257-270

American ‘ . Sp. 271-278
Group 8. Cech ot y@. Persistent species with continuous
asce te
‘Meats j P . Sp. 274-275
African ; : . Sp. 276-277

Group 4. Suberose. Fugacious species, with continuous ascend-

Asiatic and Polynesian . Sp. 278-296
African : ‘ . Sp. 297-303
American . ; ‘ Sp. 304-312

(To be continued.)

CINCHONA LEDGERIANA A HYBRID.
By Orro Kunrze, Pa.D.

Dr. y Trimen published in this Journal for 1881 (pp.
921-385) a p a ones entitled ‘‘ Cinchona Ledgeriana, a distinct species,”
wherein 7 maintains that C. Ledgeriana is not a variety of C.
Calis. s Mr. J. EK. Howard had supp e cites the
following wis in support of ee position atl), the leaves of C.
Ledgeriana have always the ier gt t part at or about the middle,
(2) the flowers approach those of C. micrantha in their drooping
habit, small size, short inflated tube, white colour, and also (3) by
their buds, which are not at all or very sligh tly widened at the

end, and never abruptly enlarged there, as they are in C. Calisaya.
This last character is new to me

C. Calisaya and C. micrantha are the only species mentioned as
nearly allied to C. Ledgeriana. I have described indeed C. Ledgeriana
as a hybrid of these two species in my monograph of Cinchona,*

wherein I acknowledge — four species: — Wreddelliana = C.
Calisaya pro — C. Pavoniana = = C. micrantha p.p.; C. Howardi-
ana = C. succirubra Le p- am € Pahudiana How. All stom

Cinchonas I regard as synonyms ybrids of those four speci
The ybeidination of Ganson fos oe proved (1) by some direct
artificial production of several hybrids, (2) by the fact that the
seeds of marked trees produced plants with the mixed characters
of another species. There cannot be any doubt as to the copious
hybridization of Cinchonas; and it is well known that the hybrids
. . Cinchona plantations Debi plenty of good fertile seeds;
C. Ledgeriana shows an exception, and its more or less great
sey has been often canal

‘ Cinchona. sine Hees und Cultur der Chininbiume.’ Leipzig,
one Verlag von Hae

oo

6 CINCHONA LEDGERIANA A HYBRID.
Cinchona Ledgeriana originated a in the government
plantations - Mungpo in Sikkim, as published by me in my
inchona. Dr. Trimen did not know this fact, and
- would seem that he has not read my monograph; for he writes
. 822), «I made inquiries of Mr. Moens, vpande assured me that he
a saw anything like —e + wale me from seed of a
Calisaya. I under mand t t Mr. Gammie S si same experience.”
During my visit to Java rn never observed spontaneous C. Ledgeriana,
but in Mungpo-Sikkim Mr. Gammie and the late Mr. Biermann
assured me that ‘ C. Ledyeriana had originated spontaneously there
in the = soe ” Besides Dr. Trimen supports this state-
itient, sa ‘‘TIn our own plantations in Sikkim, after years of
neglect as one of is ecabianian and hopelessly variable forms of
C. ees ny the plant (C. Ledgeriana) is now the object of careful

cultiva os r. ‘'rimen is therefore in error to aa that ‘all
existing plants in the East are descendants of seeds collected .
in B , in June, 1865.”

But the testimony of the Cinchona cultivators—valuable as it
be—is not necessary, for we know a fact that proves the
hybrid a of C. pen ae in Mun ngpo. : the papers Cinchonas

the art of the cultivators, who prefer trees for bark collecting.
When I visited Mungpo C. Ledgeriana was mostly not yet tree-like.
contrast to this shrubby Ledyeriana of Mungpo the descen-
dants of Bolivian Ledgeriana in Java and Southern India, perhaps
also in private Sikkim plantations, are veritable trees. I do not
know if there has been imported Bolivian Ledgeriana to the Mungpo
government plantations after 1875; but until that date no Bolivian
Ledgeriana existed there.
The M o Ledgeriana shows another individual mark, by
which I can easily distinguish it from Bolivian Ledgeriana; the
former has very divaricate panicles with slender ramification, the

such slender divariolts panicles, and all its hybrids at Mungpo, as ©
well as C. Ledgeriana, show that individual orga The Mungpo
Calisaya-field is of very great extension, and it is the same place
on which the former intendant of that Shntaiitn, Mr. C. B. Clarke,
sowed = Calisaya. . Mr. Clarke said in November, 1875, to me,
“We sowed Calisaya and got other plants,” and among these

other aids were many shrubs of C. Ledgeriana.
am anxious to correct the erroneou int of Dr. Trimen’s

Ledgeriana; he says also ‘‘ Messrs. Moens and Trimen prove that

*« Handworterbuch der Pharmakognosie von Wittstein,’ 1882, p, 131.

CINCHONA LEDGERIANA A HYBRID. a

C. Ledgeriana bears fruits like all other ae BES and they
consider it therefore as a distinct species.” As all other artificial
and spontaneous Cinchona hybrids ripen ae seeds plentifully,
the fertility only would be no proof for the establishment of a
species ; besides, the fertility of C. isi tala is neither existing
nor confirmed by Dr. Trimen in that m
- Cinchona Ledgeriana is the only Ciachonn that suffers from
sterility, and only ripens more fruits, if it gets fertilized and
hybridized by other Cinchonas; that happens ag and thoes
the descendants of Ledgeriana are mostly degenerated, and the
so-called Ledgeriana-bark of Java contains often very little quinine
(till only 0°8 per cent!). Dr. jee says that ‘the seedlings
e m

neighbouring trees, come remarkably true, whereas before that
was done the sporting was so great that Dr. King would not
propagate by seed at all.” No Cinchona species hose a similar

illustration of partly abortive fruits. I may refer to some other
notes on the fertility of C. Ledgeriana: Ledger wrote to Howard, *
e discovery of C'. Ledgeriana in Bolivia, “he then told me
the best bark trees had not produced ripe seeds for four years,
whereof frost cannot be the pee, for all other Cinchonas there
around ripened good seeds. In the ‘‘ Berigte nopens de Gouverne-
ments Kina Onderneming”’ (2. variant 1874, No. 19) we read,
C. A alsertoncs give few seeds, and deceive us; the best trees were
flowering to death. In the 8rd Kwartaal, 1875 : from C. Ledgeriana
only fifty trees ripen epgeaes a few fruits. In the 4th Kwarksal,
1877: the seeds of C. Ledgeriana have failed. Visiting the Java
and Mungpo Misteiiie I observed also the poor fertility of C.
Ledgeriana.

As all other Cinchona hybrids are always extremely fertile, I
suppose C. Ledgeriana must be an irregular hybrid; irregular,
because the several qualities of the two parent species are not well
combined as in the regular hybrids of Cinchona. For instance,

inali. rid

micrantha, whilst C. Ledgeriana is the irregular hybrid of these two
species. Both hybrids have the broadest part of the leaves at or
es the middle, because C. Calisaya has leaves with the pede

rt below the middle, and C. micrantha has leaves with
aiden part shore the saaditte C. officinalis, which also originated
spontaneously in Mungpo, shows intermediate flowers and
with little variability, but C. Ledgeriana possesses the flowers of c. ~
agen and the fruits of C. Calisaya, and shows great variability,

Trimen confirms the great affinity of C. officinalis an

Ledger ertana by writing that it is indeed not always easy to distinguish

C. officinalis from C. Ledgerian

oe re

8 - CINCHONA LEDGERIANA A HYBRID.

Tf we consider that (1) C. Ledgeriana after its doubtless origin
as a high shrub in the Calisaya-field of Mungpo must be a hybrid,
(2) C. Ledgeriana is a very rare plant of the ecm Cinchona
region, (8) C. Ledgeriana shows only small fertility with its own
pollen, (4) C. Ledgeriana ni the best character of hybrids in
preferring strange pollen its own, as its typical degeneration
proves, (5) C. Ledgeriana nhiwe only the specific qualities of
Calisaya and = micrantha—we must conclude that C. Ledgeriana
is oad a variet of Cc. ae cs nor a distinct species, but a
hybrid of C. Calisa ya with C.1 ntha.

gave two theses on “the quantity of quinine in the bark
relating to the hybridity :-

(1) Only for the regular hybrids: the quantity of quinine
increases by y aye idity. For instance, the bark containing quinine
averages :

1. C. Howardiana (succirubra, p. aia ct = per cent.
nu, C. oe ana Howard, 0°15 per

im. C. Pavoniana (micrantha p.p.), 0° ‘01 ca cent.

wed. Weddelliana (Calisaya p. p.), 0°84 per cent.

I.X mr. (C. pubescens Vahl, cordifolia Mutis, purpurea R.& P.,
caloptera Miq.), 0°72 per cent.
‘. no m. (C. heterophylla Pavon), no ag existing.
tv. (C. lancifolia Mutis.), 1°20 p
Il. cee (C. ovata We , no snalysis seintin ng.
mx tv. -(C. Huviboldtiana Lambert, C. Hasskarliana Miq.),

0:70 per cent.
m. X Iv. (C. officinalis Hooker), 2°58 per cent.
(2). Only for irregular hybrids (till now only C. Ledgeriana) :
with the greater irregularity (i.e. the more the several marks of

to the botanical Desired of the many forms of C. ian in
Mungpo, and ¢ med by the sian of their bar
On the or iin

mu
pellet of a Sewhy sprung hybrid fertilized the ovary of a species.
As the regular Cinchona-hybrids of older origin seem to act like

styled flowers acts like a hybridization and therefore the effects of
hybridization must be increased. This i ge a scientifie hypo-
i 8

f exec 8 t
inserted in the corolla tube it is only meee ary ~ put away, before
the corolla is opened (or the pollen is not yet developed), the

*‘ Pharmazeutische Zeitung’ (Bunzlau), 1879, No. 93; Beilage No, 24.

ON THE CHINESE PLANTS COLLECTED BY D’INCARVILLE. 9

deciduous corolla from the flower whose stigma shall be fertilized ;
potyors to take the opened corolla with mature pollen of the hybrid

o put it over the isolated style of the other plant. The
éxparitaant promises great success by increased quantity of quinine,
so that it may be recommended to all Cinchona cultivators.

ON THE CHINESE PLANTS COLLECTED BY
D'INCARVILLE (1740-1757).

By Francis Buackweutu Forpzs, F.L.§.

Tue valuable paper on “ Karly European pmpeet ie into the
Flora of China,’’* contributed by Dr. Bretschneider to the ‘ Journal
of the North China Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society for 1880,’
has already led to the unearthing of one of the botanical treasures
to which he drew attention. On page 120 of tiie pamphlet me
noticed the work of the Jesuit Father d’Incarville, who was
missionary in Peking from 1740 till his death there in 1757, a

who during his residence not only transmitted to Europe the seeds
of many plants which have since become well known in cultivation,
but forwarded to his instructor Baril de Jussieu, in Paris,

ried specimens collected with a care unusual at that per
Regarding these specimens Dr. Bretschneider says:—‘‘I a:
aware to ‘witat number of species this collection amounts. Tt has
been incorporated with the ap Spee of the Museum of Paris,
but has never ‘gud worked up in any regular form. Only a
new plants of it have been ooessionally selected for publication by
French oeiatn” ot it is strange to say, from thirty to eighty
years and more after the specimens were received in Paris.’

Luckily for those who are interested in Chinese plants, the
above paragraph attracted the attention of the eminent botanist

stoire

ranchet, who is now on the the Maken "His
Naturelle in Paris, and who soon ag hace in finding Father
d’Incarville’s specimens there. Having as far as possible deter-

8 &

mined them, he laid the result before the Société geen =
France on January 18th of last year,} exhibiting at the
the packet of specimens which d’Incarville had sctlsoted at ye
near Pekin

It appears from M. Franchet’s aut ng vd Incarville’s plants
are now in the Paris Museum just as they were when gen ——
handed over in 1857 by the heirs of Adr. de pe deebes "The
interesting are 149 species collected in the Peking district, goes
since preserved in a special packet in the order given them by the
collector himself. Of the remaining 144 species, all from Maen,
thirty-five specimens are now to he found in the herbarium of

* Reviewed ‘ Journ. Bot.,’ 1882, p. 248

t * Bulletin de la Soc. Bot. de France,’ tome xxix. (Deuxiéme série, tome iv.)
Comptes rendus des séances, 1.

10 ON THE CHINESE PLANTS COLLECTED BY D’INCARYVILLE.

A. L. de Jussieu, and the rest have been kept, like the Peking

plants, in a special packet
I append an baat of M. Franchet’s list of the anaes in the
belief that it is well worthy of reproduction in a Journal where it
more accessible to English readers than 1 ‘the French

Botanical Society’s ‘Transactions.’ The letter ‘““P’’ before the

names indicates that the plants were collected in the Peking

district, the letter te that they came from Macao. An asterisk

after the specific name — that seeds were transmitted by

d’Inearville at the same time as the specimens. M. Franchet
r

o doub
Chinese plants cultivated for more than a century at the gardens,
this being the case with Pol; ygonum Uasloriais L., Callistephus
chinensis Nees, (tleditschia sinensis Lamk., and probably also with
Sophora japonica
eos es: translations from M. Franchet’s notes may be of
erest :—‘‘I must here join my regrets to those of Dr. Bret-
aiiet i and gern’ him deplore the neglect with which Father
d’Inc er aie s plants have been treated for nearly a century and a
lf. I have found ications twenty-five species ergs have been
studied sad named in his two herbaria, and when among these are
seen generic types of a real interest like Ailantus pando pane
Inearvillea sinensis A. Li. Juss., Cedrela sinensis Adr. , we not
help feeling surprised that such materials should ere ive fatkion
stimulated the scientific curiosity of their possessors. Perhaps the
reason of this indifference may be sought in the poverty of the
: cimens, some of hie might at first sight appear insufficient
for strict determinati
owever this aie ‘be, it is none the less true that the types
of most of the genera recognised and described by M. de Bunge
in 1832 had existed in a French collection since 1740, and that to
the learned J esuit must bs referred the discovery of Orychophragmus,
Actinidia, Xanthoceras, Paratropia, Myripnois, Botryospermum, &e.

Bun.
Rsiatic Mutisia acea), "bade osace nee a folia Bunge, ” Sh yringa
amurensis Rupr. and S. aioe Vahl, Andrachne i re Bunge,

Belaginella mongolica Rw nd S. Stauntoniana Sprin
‘One of the characteristic traits of Father a Inearville’ S se
lections is that e plant has its label, giving some

times
popular French Roa Beet es its name in Latin, or more ue
in Chinese, Besides this, the locality og each plant is exactly
cated, a remarkable thing for that period. For pe in the
Tittle special herbarium the collector has taken care to distinguish
the plants gathered in Peking itself from those which came from the
mountains near the city. The Macao plants are also kept perfectly

ON THE CHINESE PLANTS COLLECTED BY D’INCARVILLE, 11 ‘

distinct. In these various ways are indicated the care taken by
Father d'Incarville in co llecting, and the confidence which can be
ana in ae information.

the ae of Peking plants. Although the specimens are, as
'M. Franchet says, poor according to modern ideas, they do not
appear to me on the whole worse than some which I have since
examined in the Linnean herbarium. That they have abundantly
sufficed for determination in the hands of a Some, ross is
evident from the fact that, out of the 289 specimens * erated,
there are only pore to which M. Franchet not Gaeal to
give Ree na
e e fate a a early collections of Chinese site ees specimens
t to Europe, with one exception, can hardly be deemed

an Englishman in the Hast India Company’s service, who, between
the years 1698 and 1703, was stationed at the island of Chusan

and at the more southerly port of Amoy. The next collectors
were qisoaivie at the north, ~ Mees Os sie ye as chaplain

residence in Peking. Three other Swedish East India Company's
employés—Toreen, Eckeberg, and Sparrmann—were in Can
ton between 1762 and 1766, and contributed to science aoe
botanical notes or specimens. Later on, pam 1779 and sas
the Portuguese missionary Lour hes author of the « Flora
chinensis,’ was also at Canton, where, as Oe. Bretsehneider
states, he has enumerated the oolleabion of 294 speci

Of the above the Swedish collectors have Er eased the
best, because they plone a the inestimable advantage of sen
their specimens direct to Linneus, who forthwith made them
available to science oy soliiceken. The Linnean herbarium itself,
as far as I can judge from a slight examination, appears to tell but
little as to the origin of specimens, but I have reason to believe
that among his manuscripts will be found enough indications for a
; Rlgakiy complete list of the Chinese plants which were in his

d

tion will probably be found among cca, S MS. notes in his
a copy of thes "Bpiesios Plantar

Father d’Incarville’s plants, as we see, oh ave only now come to
light, nea ay 150 years after their collection. Of Loureiro’s
herbarium, such part as the army of the first Napoleon could
manage to carry away ‘front Portugal is now at the Jardin des

- Although M. Franchet (l.¢., p. 3) says that oP gsc eb abe collections com-
prise 149 species from the e Peking ree po cies from Macao, or a tot
of 293 species, his lisf enumerates only labelled Epecinene eso 273
species. Probably the oe may hi red only to a printer's

+ Bretschneider, J. c. opt

*

12 ON THE CHINESE PLANTS COLLECTED BY D’INCARVILLE.

Plantes at Paris, and some specimens - to England by Lonreiro
himself are at the British Museum,+ in both cases intercalated in
the general collections; in neither case, so far as I am aware,
either gate bi or fully worked up.
i glish Cunningham, full notices of whose works have been
brought soipethar with so much pains by Dr. Bretschneider, cannot
i oblivi

eo spied remained in the Sloane Herbarium for nearly 200
years, with very few éxceptions undetermined. I have lately
loka over his Chien plants, and I agree with the Editor ( Journ.
Bot.,’ 1882, p. 249) that many of the specimens, small as they
mostly are, sould be readily identified by anyone familiar with the
flora of the neighbouring mainland. A number of them I am sure
can be easily matched from my own collections in the Shanghai

ts.

De; Bretschneider, on page 44 of his ‘ Early Researches,’ says :
“It appears from Cunningham’s letters and from Petiver’s
quotations that the latter had also ii from Cunningham a
collection of Chinese drawings ie enting Chinese plants.
Petiver frequently speaks of Herbarium nostrum sinense pictum.”
In answer to my recent seriirions ape the British Museum, a
gentleman well acquainted with the Sloane manuscripts informs me
that he has no recollection of ever coming across the ‘“ herbarium

es
turned out to be a brief enumeration of Tabule 1 to 48, each with
18 numbers, ~—e a total of 774 numbers. As Petiver’s
handwriting appears in this catalogue, it can hardly be gabe
that it refers to the “ther barium pictum’”’ in question; and I ho
soon to have an opportunity of making a saree search for the
ronthote themselves.

List or Farner D'Incarvinie’s Prants.
4 asia sas hrciagore Jacq. P Hypecoum erectum L.
tragen

ropetala Ledeb. | P Dicentra spectabilis DC.
P Thatetrasn petalobdeniti LE. P Corydalis solida Sm.

P Anemone chinensis Bunge. P C. Bungeana Turez.
P Ranunculus hydrophilus P Capsella Bursa-pastoris L.
Bunge. P Dontostemon dentatus
he Cymbuarin Pursh. Bunge.
P Aquilegia sp. M Erysimum cheiranthoides L.
P Anona Paidieata i M Lepidium latifolium L.

P Menispermum dahuricum DC. P = hes eae, sonchi-
M Cocculus ovalifolius DC. = Viola Patrinit DC,, 8. chi-
ng

- P Chelidonium majus L. _nensis Gi

+ Bretschneider, l.c., pp. 183, 144.‘ Journ. Bot.,’ 1882, p. 250.

ON THE CHINESE PLANTS COLLECTED BY D’INCARVILLE. 18

P Viola pinnata L.

M Tonidium heterophyllum Vent,
var

P Polygala sibirica L.,
ae el.

lari
Malva aylventek L.
Hibiscus mutabilis L

Sida Abutilon L.

S. acuta Burm.

S. humilis Willd.
Helicteres angustifolia L.

io oe oe acutangulus L.
Actinidia chinensis Planch.
Cardiospermum Halicaca-

Pr

P

M

M

P

P

PR

M

M

M

M

M

P

M

M

M Nephelium Litchi Camb.

M N. Longanum Hook,

M Murraya exotica L.

M Atalantia monophylla Dt’.

P Geranium sibiricum L.

i es Stephanianum
Willd.

M

M

P

M

M

ts

r

M

M

P

M

M

g

M

ty

M

Oxalis corniculata L.
Averrhoa Carambola L.
Tribulus terrestris L.

Ruta angustifolia
Zanthoxylon Avicenne DC.
Bee sorbifolia

Bun
Ailantis glandulosa oT
[ Brucea sumatrana Row
Melia Laie rie
Cedrela sinensis pid
Mangifera indica L.
Rhus ee a ie
R. Cotinus

Sageretia tnerans ee:

Sophora flavese
Crotelaris albida Hey me

M Alysicarpus ass he De,

P Guldenstedtia pauciflora
“veel

isch.

P G. multiflora Bunge.

P Oxytropis hirta Bunge.

M Desmodium cance L.
DC.

M Lespedeza trichocarpa Per.
M Atylosia scar aimeides Bouk:
M Cajanus niee ior
- Cassia Tor

M C. mt fe L. (forma

microphylla).
M Acacia Farnesiana W fat
M Albizzia Julibrissin
mnernane 3 indica Fie

M Guiandina Hondacers L,
P Spirea trilobat
P Potentilla oe Ser.
ae Sane L.
P P. supin
M ie araaling japonica Lindl.

Saxifraga sarmentosa L.

ar

M Jussiea villosa,
M Candelia Rheedii, gp a
M Eugenia Jambos, L.

M Cocecinia
P Siler a Benth. &
Hoo.

M Parateopia cantoniensis
Hook, & Ai

= Seneca racemosa Z
rnum fragrans Bunye.

M Mussenda ie Ait.

M Ixora stric

M Psychotria yeni Wall.

M Pederia fotida

M Oldenlandia paniculata L.

L

; ts
M Elephantopus scaber L.*

14

M Kupatorium Reevesii Wall.*
P Aster altaicus Willd.
integrifolius (Calimeris in-
tegrifolia Turcz.; Bol-
tonia tomes ‘Hanee).
M Conyza xgyptiac

P In

Fo A.Y

lba
M Wedelia clendatacen ve *
M Wollastonia biflora
M = Re orientalis _ ig
M Bidens pilos

M Gynura

i Baniesio glabellns

P §. Kirilowii wii (Cinerarin Kiri-
lowii T'urez.).

r ee segetum (Cirsium se-

unge
x Biapantionm uniflorum DC.
P Myripnois dioica Bunge.
P Anandria Bellidiastrum DC.
P Lactuca denticnlatn Mazxim.
P L. versicolor Max
P Rho a xe ndron Re

ig kndewance saxifragefolia
unge.

P Lysimachia barystachys
unge.

FP Heaciius rhynchophylla
: Hance.

_P Jasminum Sambac L
P Gentiana squarrosa Ledeb,
Syringa villosa Vah

M Apocynum venetum L.
P Periploca sepium rps
iS — sibiricu

M Cynanchum pubescens

unge.
iy fishin annia glutinosa Lib.
P Incarvillea chinensis Juss.

ON THE CHINESE PLANTS COLLECTED BY D’INCARVILLE.

M Convolvulus arvensis L., var.
sagittatus Ledeb.
M Ipomea reptans Poir
I. sp., near I. chryseidis Ker.
3 person, Arguzia fh. & S.
P Eritrichium pedunculare
+ DC,

tg Bothriospermum chinense

ge.
P Lycium chinense Mill.
P Solanum nigrum L.
rh. beastie Bunge.
M 8. Melonge
P Physalis Aikekengi L.
M Capsicum conoides Mill.
M Herpestes “ocmale H.éd K.
M Vandellia
M Siphdtiostogin chinensis ~
enth.

M Diclipters cardiocarpa Nees.
M D. cuneata Nees.

P Vitex incisa Lar
P Orobanche eunmophil Mey.
M Ocimum basilicu
O. sanctum L.
M&P Perilla ocimoides L.
M Mentha arvensis L.

P Salvia miltiorhiza Bunge.
M Scutellaria indica Bunge.

P Marrubium i aseias Bunge.
P Leonurus sibiricus L.

P Polygonum ‘orientale L.

MY, chin

Y Ghanspodiian viride L.

P Kochia scoparia Schrad.

P Salsola Kali L.

M&P Amaranthus ascendens

ois.
M A. melancholieus L.

M Aerva lanata Juss.

M Cyathula prostrata Blume.

M Onewythe filifor

Eleagnus sectutolia bs
P Diarthron near Turcz.
P Kuphorbia humifu illd.
P E. lunulata Dua

ON THE CHINESE PLANTS COLLECTED BY D’INCARVILLE. aH

©,
oO

OQ

og

E
2.3
PN
FE

4

S

5

amok.
M&P Acalypha pauciflora

P Andrachne chinensis Bunge.
P Broussonetia papyrifera Vent
P Cannabis sativa L.

carpus Jaca Lar
M _— eo Gay 'B. sub-

ordat
M Pouzolzia “ic Gaud.,

form crophylla.
M Ficus erecta "Thunb,
M F. pertusa L.
M F. sp. iF umile Thunb. aff.)

pu
M F.sp.(F.rufescenti Vahl. aff.)
M F. sp. (F. indice L. aff.)
M Biota orientalis Endl.
M aes seb Thunb.

ium macranthum

pt
M Amomum oes | a
Galanga Sw.

ype Bunge.
Bs —— dichotomus
P Palggonsban sp. (P. offici-
nale L. ?)

P P. chinensis Kunth.
P Asparagus trichophyllus
unge

P A. lucidus Lindl.*

M Lilium tenuifolium Fisch.

P Funkia subcordata Spreng.

P Commelina communis

M C. benghalensis L.

M Pothos seandens L.
Cyperus Ivi

M C. distans L.

SOMERS SEE See HEE

P Carex oe Waht.
M Oryza sativa L.

P Panicum ee L.

P P. glaucum L
compositum L.
sanguinale L.
ask galli L., var. muti-
ee -.
italicum L,

achne s

spalum villosam Thunb.
ierochloa da — Trin.
loris ra acne

ee toh!

es

pilosa
mogastaclya Link.
. tenella
. uni sholdal Retz.

ine indica L.

ctyloctenium egyptiacum

elica scabrosa Trin.

usa :

pluda m

apnoea Sehtenanthus L.
. Sorghum

elagine lla mongoliea —

ats ene
5 FI
= 2.8

5

oO

=

io

eo]

oeee

M Pteris semipinnata
M Asplenium sp
M Aspidinm ase Sw.

M A. sp.

M Polypodium adnascens Sw.
M Tenitis blechnoides Sw.

M Lygodium japonicum Sw,
M Angiopteris evecta Hojfm.

16

‘ON THE FLORA OF THE UPPER TAMAR AND
NEIGHBOURING DISTRICTS.

By roe Rev. W. Moyte Rogers, F.L.S.

THe following notes embody the chief results of a season's
botanizing in a neighbourhood quite new tome. No stations are
given but those in which the plants referred to were seen in 1882,
either by myself, or by my friend Mr. T. R. Archer Briggs, who
during a week’s stay at my, house in August explored much of the
country and sigs ney to my a eapee “ its Flora.

The parts xamined are the valley in my o
immediate Sictboachood at Basi cotate, A an coast about Bude
where I spent three weeks in July. But it seems best to divide

the whole country treated of into four districts as follows :—

_ I. The seaboard from the N. W. boundary of Cornwall at
Morwinstow to Tintagel; with the road owes the high ground
from Launceston to Kilkh ampton as eastern lim

II. The valley west of the Tamar, from its apuree to Launceston,
including both sides of the rea ke and Kilkhampton Road.
Ill. The country east of the Upper ae and drained by its
affluents, ee te nearly to a mpto
IV. The Okement and Upper Taw.
I, a . are in K. awa: III. and IV. in N. Devon
three interesting papers on the Flora of I. and II. by the Rev.
Dr. Hind and Messrs. J. G. Baker and T,R. A. Briggs, respec-
tively will oe found in this Journal for 1878, pp. 86-48, 97-101.
What I now contribute is supplemental to what appears in
these papers. Indeed all the actual stations named here are, I
believe, additional to those hitherto published; except in the eo
instances in which spa name of the earlier recorder is found i
brackets after the sta
e Tamar divides "the parish of Bridgerule into Bridgerule
West and Bridgerule East. Hence the frequent occurrence in
these notes of ‘‘ Bridgerule’ in two of the districts (II: and IIL.),
in Cornwall and Devon respectively.
: ‘New record is meant a =. not hitherto recorded for
the vice-county, so far as I can ascertain

Clematis ‘ogee L.—I. Near Bude, on the Stratton Road, for a
short distan Between Poughil and Stratton, occasionally.
Very local, bal apparently nati

Ranunculus ~ Fries. Sar In the canal at Bridgerule. III.
Bridgerule mill stream. a. truncatus, I think, in both places.
New record for both vice-counties.

R. diversifolius Gilib., a. radians.—1. In the Poughill stream,
not far from the sea, on Summerleaze Down. New recor

R. Lenormandi F. Schultz.—I1. Bridgerule and Pyworthy.
grape 2 in ditches and pools. IV. vere re in great quantity

n the hill south of the Railway Station

FLORA OF THE UPPER TAMAR AND NEIGHBOURING DISTRICTS, 17

R. Flammula L., b. pseudo-reptans.—IV. By rill on hillside near
Okehampton.
. parviflorus L.—I. Bude, on Summerleaze Down. II. Bridge-
rule, at Newacott and Littlebridge.
Helleborus viridis L.—II. Bridgerule Vicarage Plantation. No
doubt planted.
Aquilegia vulgaris L.—I. Marhamchurch. III. Bridgerule.
Very local, and perhaps only as a denizen
Papaver somniferum L.—I. Bude, in cornfield and on hedge-
ars near, in considerable quantity. Casual, with P. Lamottei.
Near Bude, on a wall and on hedgebanks, in
small quantity. Near Stratton, in jose of grass field and in a
kitchen garden. Marhamchu reh, i nip field, in plenty, and
in a farmyard, two or three Ciakte, ‘Tee a few plants, here
and there by roadside. Very local. Looked for in vain in IL., III.
and

P. dubium L.—I. About Bude, rather frequent ; both a. Lamottet
and b. Lecogqit.

Fumaria confusa Jord.—-I. Bude. Boscastle. IL. and III.
Bay! sey The only Fumaria seen

Sinapis nigra L.—I. — Lanes near Stratton and Marham-
cig an "Boscastle. Rar

assica Rapa L., c. Briggsis. —I. Near Boscastle, in two or three
pein on the cliffs. IL. Bridgerule ‘ Allotment,” among potatoes,
&e., abundant.

Diplot axis muralis DC.—I. Poughill. Its abundance about
Bude (Hind) is remarkable.

Barbarea precox Br.—I. Marhamchureh, in gin lane _ cg the
sap it Apparently a much rarer denizen than

Cochlearia officinalis L., a. littoralis.—I. Séndymodtns Bete.
Widmouth. Rather common. II. Near Holsworthy (about nine
miles from the sea) on hedgebanks round a kitchen garden and on
the segs side of the road; established in extraordinary quantity.

C, a L.—I. Bude. Widmouth. Boscastle. Much the
scan apie.

Draba verna L.—I. Summerleaze Down. Type and b. brachy-
carpa. Apparently rare.

Alyssum maritimum Lam.—I. Bude, on wall by canal, a plant
or two at intervals. Garden escape.

Lepidium Smith Hook.—I., Il. and III. freque

Viola palustris L.—IV. Okehampton, on hill wiht of Railway
tons in great quantity.

V. odorata L.—Il. mee III. Bridgerule. Rare, and only near
ga or “gurdens

- hirta L. cab Near Bude.

Bisore rotundifolia L.—I. Marshy common between Wainhouse
Corner and Tresparrot. III. Bridgerule Bog. Near Dunsland
eho by road to Okehampton.

es erecta 8m.—1V. Hillside south of Okehampton. New
recor

Cerastium tetrandrum Curt.—I. Bude (Hind) and ee.
Seen only near the sea,

18 FLORA OF THE UPPER TAMAR AND NEIGHBOURING DISTRICTS.

C. semidecandrum L. eee wg cal,

Stellaria media With., b. Borean L With the last on Sum-
—— hdl d. saatboea, tif: Badgertile: very local.

a Murr.—Il. and III. Bridgerule ; ; frequent. IV.

About ecksanston:

Arenaria serpyllifolia L.—I. Bude; stout 4 form very
common. Near Stratton. 2 — lados. IY. ele oe aa
Both type and var. b. are remarkably nay hae if not (as

are
Sagina apetala L.—I. “Bude. Stratton (Hind) churchyard.
pe omshexch. Rare.
ciliata Fries.—IV. Near Okehampton Railway Station.
e subulata Wimm.—IY. Hillside south of Okehampton. Bel-
stone aici
S. nodosa Meyer.—l. Bude (Hind), on Efford Down, in bar
spots. IL Bridgerule, canal banks, ver y abundant. Queried for
E. Cornwall in “ ise po aa Botany.”
Spergulaia rubra Fenzl.—II. Quarry near St. Stephen’s
S. neglecta Syme. —1. B Bp n Efford Down in bare spots;
in the salt marsh between canal mee river, common; as well as,
- more sparingly, on the beach (Baker
S. rupestris Lebel.—I. Rocks at Sandymouth, Boscactle and
Tintag el.
pi a Androsemum L.—I. Il. and ILI. Generally dis-
tributed, and more ir pee than I Ales ~ have seen it in
any other neighbourhood. IV. Near Okeham
H. dubium Leers. oT a nd III. Bieta: ee canal and river
and in sas near them, rather en nt.
. beticum Boiss.—l. n Marhamchurch and Burrow.
About Tackbear. Between ere and Widmouth Bay. Be-
tween Wainhouse Corner and Prigiaiek: II. Ditches near Red-

ow
Holsworthy and Bude Road. Near Dunsland Cross Railway Station.
New record for N. Devon, but also reported to me by Mr. H.
Evans from the Westward Ho neighbourhood early in the summer.
More frequent in this part of the country, in Mr. Briggs’ opinion,
eagerly in the Plymouth ‘a ala pie

H. humifusum L.-—I. Bude. Near Boscastle and St. Knighton’s
Kieve. IL. and III. Bridger ule. IV. Okehampton. Belstone Cleave.

H. Elodes L.—I. Between ranges — and Tresparrot.
dil. Bed crale Bog and Bridge Moor. IV. Near Okehampton.

Lavatera arborea L.—I. Bude, by river aa canal. No doubt
planted.

Radiola —— Sm.--III. Pyworthy, Launceston Road. IV.
Belstone Com

Linum angustfolivn Huds.—I. Sandymouth. Bude. Between
Bude and Marhamchurech. Widmouth. Boscastle. I. Bridgerule.
Ill. Bridgerule. Lifton: Fairly frequent, but usually in small
quantity.

FLORA OF THE UPPER TAMAR AND NEIGHBOURING DIStTRICTs. 19

nium pyrenaicum L.—-I. Bude, one large plant in the middle
of a pom field, at the aa of the town. Denizen.

G. pusillum Li.—-I. On Siacibdeloane Down, Bude, apparently in
small quantity.

G. columbinum L.—lI. Cliffs above Sandymouth. North-east
corner of Summerleaze Down. III. Roadside between Lifton and
Bridestowe. Rare. Much of the country seems too wet for this
species.

tree: cicutarium L’ Herit.—- I. Bude (Hind) and Widmouth,
in

YR. mocchant L’Herit.—I. Poughill village, on a garden wall.
On Summerleaze Down, 1 ane feapneen the north-east; in
great ataaitity poe unmistakably na

maritimum Sm.—I. Willa Park Point, Tintagel.

Oxalis Acctosella L.— 1. St. Knighton's Kieve. IL. and ILL.
Bridgerule. IV. About Okehampton.

Euonymus europeus L.—I. Stibb. Bude. Marhamchurch.
Occasional. II. Bridgerule, by canal. III. Tetcott. Apparently
quite rare, except on the seaboard.

Rhamnus Frangula L.—II. Whitstone and Week St. Mary.
Iil. Bridgerule and Pyworthy, rather — Between Lifton
and Bridestowe. IV. About Okehampt

Acer campestre L.—I. Between Stratton and Launeells. Near
Widmouth, on the Marhamchurch = ad. Very rare; but, I think,
clearly native in warm sheltered spot

eu ti anglica L.—I. Between Tac kbear farm and the Wid-
mouth Road. I. By Canal, north and south of Bridgerule. ILI.
Pe en on Dux Common and Bridge Moor. Locally abundant.

G. tinctoria L.—IL. Between canal and river south of Bridgerule,
in good quantity. New recor

Sarothamnus scoparius Koch. — II. Between Whitstone and
Wilsworthy Moor. Only one bush seen. IV. Between Okehamp-

Anthyllis Vulneraria L.—I. Cliffs from m Sandymouth toWidmouth,
in greatest at sagas Usually dwarf and varying extremely in
oa of flow

Trifolium par L,—The extraordinary abundance of this
species in I. II. and III. constitutes quite a marked feature in the
Flora.

T. arvense L.—I. Willa Park Point.
T. striatum L.—lI. On dry bank in road east of Stratton.
Z, ae um L.—I. Very common on cliffs from Sandymouth to
Widmou
T. ha sri L.—Very generally established in fields and by
peop
“5 iuiter um L.—I. Summerleaze Down. Roadside between
Burrow and Marhamchurch. eae personal authority for E.
ornwall in ‘ Topographical Bot
T. filiform my oT Bet ween hea and Bridgerule. Ill.
Meadow by the river at Bridgerule.
me — tenuis Kit,—I. Roadside between Burrow and Marham-
Uren,

all NOTES ON BRITISH CHARACER.

nithopus perpusillus L.—I. Willa —— Point. II. Quarry
near Be Stephen’s. IV. Belstone Clea
Orobus tuberosus L1.—Remarkably abundant. especially in III.
Var. — is frequent.
Vicia tetrasperma Mench.—-I. About Bude. Il. Marhamchurch.
Werrington. III. Lifton. Apparently rather local.

(To be continued),

NOTES ON BRITISH CHARACEZ
By Henry & James Groves.

The following notes are the result of the examination of
specimens, which have passed through our hands, during the past
year. The most eee additions to our previous records are
Nitella surerenate from Beds., Chara tomentosa from Norfolk, C.
baltica from set, and C. tenuissima from Anglese

e wo thank our correspondents for the many specimens
which they have given us the opportunity of examining. We are
oM th

received from him. i cases where more than one specimen of a
species has been received from the same county, the earliest col-
rere ae been used.
still remains to be done in working out the distribution

of our Chava ez. Of the 71 botanical counties in
Wales there are 19 from which we have not been able to record a
single species, from the 41 Scottish putas 21, and from the 37
Irish counties 21. We shall therefore be very glad to see any
specimens that rad be collected, in order as far as possible to
complete the census.

A list of the eecci has been added, with the puiabet of counties
and vice- Sa ne Lee we cou seen specim

arpa ie —Kent E., 1881, HF. as comm, A.
Ben > Gaiabac af “i897, OL hi Betkeiay. Bads, ., 1882, J. Saunders ;
Hereforl, i Augustin Ley; Leicester, 1878, F’. T. Mott; Yorks.

W., 1881, G. Nicholson; Durham, 1861, A. M. Norman;
No rthumberland S., J. Storey; Kirkcudbright, 1850, P. Gray;
Edinburgh, 1872, A. Craig-Christie; Perth, oe a R. sre
Perth, E. 1882, A. Sturrock, co niin. A. Ben . ‘Forfar P,
Gray; Pea _— 1875, A. Craig-Christie ; Sutherland W., 1881,
ite? F. Mi m. A. Bennett; Caithness, 1881, J. ria comm.

| Sey Geass: 1881, W. I. Forte escue : Galwa E., 1881
Bolton King; Mayo, W.., Hb. Dyer ; Channel ‘tenia Salwey, Hb.

var. barbata Radnor, 1881, Augustin Ley ; Stirling, 1881, R.
Kidston

var. “ capillacea. —Cornwall, W., near Land’s End, 1877, W. B.
Waterfall.

var. Hedwigiii—Kent. W. Hb. A. G. More; Pilg ees 1882,
H. G.; Suffolk, W., 1881, W. M. Hind, comm. ; Beds.,
1881, J. Saunders ; Dumfries, 1850, P. Gra

NOTES ON BRITISH CHARACE. cs

var. delicatula. a ape wna 1882, J. McAndrew, comm.
Bennett; Aberdeen §., Brae Hirt. Herb. Greville; Orkney,
Loch of Harray, 1881, oy a. Fike

C. aspera, Willd.—Dorset, rite 1881, H. T. Mennells
comm. A. Bennett; Cardigan, Borth, 1881, E. Straker, comm:
A. Bennett ; SRE Hors W., Badcall, 1881, W. F. Miller, comm.
A, Bennett : Orkney, Loch of Harray, &c., 1881, H. H. Johnston 3
— Clandeboye Lake, 1882, 8. A. Stewart.

r. subinermis. —Dorset, Studland, 1874, J. ex ween Pleydell ;

Cada Borth, 1881, F. Steaker, comm. A. Ben

C. ponyacantua, Braun.—Anglesea, 1881, J. E. oa comm.

. BALTICA, Bruz.—Dorset, Studland, 1870, J. C. Mansel-Pleydell.
This differs from the Cornish variety by its more rigid habit, smaller
size and usually solitary spine-cells.

tes CONTRARIA, soe -—Dorset, Studland, 1881, H. 7. Mennell,
A, Warwick, Stoke Heath Canal, 1881, .J: Ex
Bagels Knoles: boice 1 Take’? 1881, J. EF. Griffith, comm, A
Bennett; Lancs., §., Southport, 1882, H. oy comm. 4. Bennett;
York, M. Ws Kippax, 1834, Hb. Edinburg gh Booey gh Guillone
Links, 1881, WF. Miller, comm. A.
oe oecale A, L.—Sussex, H., 1878, F. ee Bape Bedford, 1882,
Ji Sauatey? "Datta, pe! & ‘Norman: ; Northumber-
land, 8., R. B. Bowman, Hb. Watson; Perth, t "1882, A, Sturrock,

ett.

var. rudis.—Yorks. N. E., Scarborough Mere, 1882, Wheldon,
comm. A. Bennett.

C. vunearis, L.——Dorset, 1881, H. 7. Mennell, comm. A. Bennet
Hants., N., 1882, Bolton King; Bucks., 1882, G. Nicholson :
Gloster, W., 28 B. Waterfall; Hereford, 1879, apie Ley;
ee 1881, G.; Salop, aes Poe gustin Ley; Yorks., N. W.

. Kew; el eh B.; . Bowman; Sutherland, W.,
site, Hb. Greville ; sco oe P. Gray; Channel Islands,
1880, comm. A. Ben

var. Shegiteneeaal pao all, W., 1878, J. Cunnack; Dorset,

874 - C. 8 R

1875, J. C. Mansel-Pleydell : Sussex, ae 187 i F . Roper;
Suffolk, E., 1874, F. J. Hanbury; Beds. 2, J. Saunders;
Hereford, 1882, Aug gustin Ley ; Warwick, 3688, 7. E. Bagnall,

var. atrovirens.—Orkney, Swanbister, H. H. Johnston.
var. crassicaulis.—_Cambs., Burwell, 1882, H. ¢ J. G.

TonyPELLA nipiFica, Leonh.—Braun in ‘ Fragmente einer Mono-
graphie der Characeen,’ p. 94, describes the plant collected in
Loch Neagh, near Langford Lodge, by Dr. Moore in 1840, as the
var. intermedia of this species. When writing our “ Review * we
thought it “gah to await further material in consequence of the
doubtful character of the specimens. Braun’s first opinion was
" Habitus et folia omnino pee sed seminibus minoribus magis

- oa NOTES ON BRITISH CHARACE®.

contortis — ad C. fusciculatam” (see Exchange Club Report,
1867, p. 15).

T. cuomerata, Leonh.—Cambs., Wicken and Bottisham Fens,
1882, H. ¢ J. G.; Anglesea, Lyn Coron Hb. Borrer; Lanes., §.,
Southport, 1881, os ers Lewis ; Yorks., S. W., Goole, 1882, Mi
Birks, Jr.

T. wrricata, Leonh.—Yorks., 8. W., Goole, 1882, 7. Birks, Jr.

Nivea priser ge ana —Norfolk, W., Roydon Fen, Hb.
Borrer. (No county being given we had passed this over as
Cambridgeshire until pointed out to us by Mr. Bennett.) Anglesea,
1882, J. FE. Griffith, comm. A. Bennett

N. mucronata, Kuetz.—Beds., near Bedford, 1882, C. H. Davis
We are indebted to Mr. Saunders for specimens of this plant,
which is especially interesting as it has not been found in Englan
since Mr. Borrer collected it in Sussex.

N. rransLucens, Ag.—Devon, 8., ae W. M. Rogers; a
ie 1883, a Sturrock comm. A. Ben ; Antrim, 1882,

oe , L.—Suffolk, E., D. Turner, Hb. Kew ; Fig Sine
1878, Ragin Ley: Lanes., o 1882, A. Seed le, comm. ennett ;
orks., 8. W., 1879, F. T. Mott ; Yorks., N. W., 1833, ~— Ward ;
Kirkeudbright, 1850, P. Gray ; Perth, E., 1882, A. Sturrock, comm.
A. Bennett.
var. crassa, Braun, R. & 8. Exs. No. 101 (1877). Differs from
the type by its much stouter stems and branchlets, and shorter
end-se gments ; much resembling N. tr anslucens, from which it may

be distinguished by its end-segments consisting of one cell only,
and by the ace Hie os be bas ae shining green colour which
Reais es N. tran It occurs in lo &e., in deep

chs,
water, and sometimes pre a height of 4-5 feet. —Perth, W.
Watson Loch, Doune, 1881, o ee ween: Perth, E., Marlee
Loch, 1882, . a Paes i, com

often simple. much more extreme form than — pg SN
raun, which does not seem worth distinguishing from the type.
—Perth, E., Maskee. Loch, 1882, A. Sturrock, comm. A. Bennett

N. = aoe —Kent, E., 1881, EF. Straker, comm. A. Bennett;

Essex, 8., 1880, FE. Dadswell : Herts, vy 1881, T. Be Bie: Beds.
1882, J. Fates Staffs., C. 0. arn Hb. Kew ; Carnarv n,
W. Wilson, Hb. Kew; Angles sea, 1882, a Gt rifith, ecb

Js. des
A. Bennett; Derby, 1862, W. H. Purchas; Chester, 1882, C. Bailey ;
Yorks., 8. W., 1882, 7. Birks, Jr.; Nor thumberland, §., 1848,
D. Oliver; Kirkcudbright, 1850, P. Gray; Edinburgh, 1881, Z
McFarlane ; Perth, W., 1881, A. Craig-Christie; Perth, Mid, 1881,
R. Kidston ; Easterness, 1983,..4:-G,:. Bu itherla nd, E., 18388,
Campbell, Hb. Watson; Caithness, 1881, J. Grant, comm. A. Bennett.

ON THE FLORA OF INNISHOWEN, CO. DONEGAL. 23

List showing the number of Counties and Vice-counties from
which specimens have been seen :—-

CHARA LycHNoTHAMNUS

fragilis 59 alopecuroides ............ -1
fragifera 1 Touypenia

connivens 2 glomerata 12
aspera ee prolifera 2
polyacantha © ......5....0..- 7 intricata 6
baltica 9 NIvrewua

contraria 11 tenuissima 3
hispida 83 acilis 3
vulgaris 53 mucronata 2
tomentosa 3 ErADSIMCONG . ...425.<0405hs0 Ag
canescens 2 flexilis 19
obtusa 1 opaca 50

ON THE FLORA OF INNISHOWEN, CO. DONEGAL.
By H. C. Harz, B.A.

_ Innisnowen, the north-east part of Co. Donegal, is a well-marked
and naturally defined division of the county. It lies between
Loughs Foyle and Swilly, running northwards to Malin ‘Head: the
extreme northern part of Ireland in latitude 55° 23’, while it wv
bounded by a line drawn irregularly across the narrowest part of

eighteen square
ishowen iat from its most southern part along the

hirty
on the east to Dunree on the west is twenty-five miles. Its shape
is roughly that of a boy’s kite, lying evenly north and south. The
—— structure of Innishowen is of Cambrio-Silurian age, with
uch quartzose = gneiss, the latter probably of Laurentian age.
Granite occurs at Dunaff Head chiefly, and trap rocks are repre-
vom there rd and more ae near Buncrana, while in the
part some of the mountains, as Bulbein, expose sections of -
prety shales, and eson tit sto shy There is little limestone, and
the prevalence of that most Sane of all rocks, Gunesneee is detri-
to the vegetation, especially in the western mountainous
segs bounded by Lough Swilly, which would tlie; no

24 ON THE FLORA OF INNISHOWEN, CO. DONEGAL.

doubt, contain a good alpine flora. The surface of the country is
for the most part mountainous, a raised table-land, with outer

tains find their highest point in Slieve Snacht, 2019 feet ; Rachtin-
aot satel feet; and Bulbein Mount, 1650 feet. “Galevetban
extends up to about 750 or 800 feet in favoured places, as on the
nakbdien slopes of The Scalp. There are several mountain lakes,
some considerable estuaries, with salt-marshes and low muddy
flats. Two of these estuaries, those of Malin and Culdaff, partly
separate the extreme peninsula of Malin from the mainland, and
with this outer headland I have dealt separately.

The coast-line of Innishowen is in many parts wild and magni-
ficent ; from Glengad = to Stook-a-ruddan a fine series of ‘oe
cipitous headlands faces the sea, and the walk from Culdaff t
Malin Head, a included this coast, was one well worth the
egge aH rugged boldness of Malin Head itself should be seen

storm oe properly Lee taee nevertheless, there is one
inlet west of "this Signal-tower which gives an idea, even in a calm,
of the terrible force of the Atlantic ‘cataract sea.” In the water
stand dislodged pinnacles of rock, while around and above freshly-
fallen oH

+ ane of Lough yaiten ld treharg Head, which, though er pe:
700 feet high, is, in my opinion, the most fascinating bit of sea-
cliff scenery in Ireland. - i variety of shape, sheerness of aan
with grand and ep a grouping and surroundings, I have
found nothing to su
I have fis Ranker oe re show that the surface of Innishowen is
of very —— character, and well wre eae = sheltering plants
whose requirements are widely different; and I trust — I shall
be able oe; prove that the flora is a Bighly in in Wiicdlity 9 Pp
from its stage rete sjeigraphically in studying the ‘aeeibulien of
ish plants occurrence of several very rare and local s mages
renders it Toubly attractive. <A separate list of them, which ar
y alpine and northern, will be given later on.
has attracted many botanists. The illustrious
e

Ordna
plants found in the parish of Tasledore about Derry, by Dr.
wae has been also referred to,—and the ‘ Cybele Hibernica,’ by
. Moore i i i

I am also indebted to the recent observations of my cousin, W. E.
Hart, of Kilderry, for many notes of the plants about Greencastle ;
a list which he has supplied me with those in that ‘neighbourhood
and about Glenagivney and Moville, Fahan and Kilderry, being
ay ngede quoted from in the following pages

My o sneeraeaae were made through a series of year
during euiadiods visits to the western parts of Innishowen esi

ON THE FLORA OF INNISHOWEN, CO, DONEGAL. 25

Lough Swilly ; while in the present year I examined the sional tits
from Greencastle to Binnion, a little east of Dunaff, as well as
botanising the mountain lakes and moors, exploring the higher
mountains, and making a detailed examination of the estuaries,
swamps, and reclaimed lands in the neighbourhood of Inch Island
and Blanket Nook. A visit to Innishtrahull was unfortunately
hindered by rough weather, but Dr. Dickie has given an estimate
of the flora of that remote rs which proves it of no special
interest.

Several parts of Innishowen may, perhaps, require further
examination, and for some, iiigAar syd those in the immediate
neighbourhood of Derry, I am relying upon the observations of
other botanists. Moreover, 11 ‘have seldom had opportunities of
spring visits; thus my list is berliaals deficient in some of the
earlier grasses, sedges, and orchids. But the labours of Drs.
Dickie and Moore no doubt cover many of these a gaps,
and my safeties 3 is, I believe, on the whole sufficient to give a
good, if not an exhaustive, account of the plants. Fifteen, or at
the most I should think twenty, species, unrecorded here, may

e Oortlo:
of what at i is my hope in time to complete, a Flora of the dae
Doneg having this in mind I have no hesitation in offering ©
it for publication.

will first give a list of ma rarest species occurring ; localities ;
will be found in the systematic list.

Corydalis claviculata. ances Sere tea
Draba incana. Mertensia maritima.
Crambe maritima. ance viviparum
Silene acaulis. Ceratophyllum demersum.
Ligusticum scoticum. Poa compressa.

Sium latifolium. Elymus arenarius.
Saussurea alpina. Equisetum umbrosum.

Ba sais viscosa.

Of t ay Cory aay has been already recorded by W. E.
Hart, bat the record has not found its way into the pages of the
: Cybele iitomiea? nor ite “supplement With regard to Crambe,
I shall be more explicit, since it i very rare Salant and has

become extinct in several of its Irish localities. The record in the
‘ Cybele Hibernica’ is ‘‘ at Nonvany Point, in the parish of Clon-
mary, Donegal. Mr. Charles Moore.’”’ I was quite fam iia ar with

it till my return this year that it oceurr ed to me that ‘

must be a misprint for ‘‘ Clonmany,” and ‘‘ Nonvany”’ perhaps
stand for “ pay ’ which is a name on the map near a point a
little east of Dunaff Head, a point included in a space of about
three miles, which I have never succeeded in reaching, but whi

26 SHORT NOTES.

shall make an early opportunity of examining. This mysterious
point is twice subsequently quoted in the ‘ Cybele,’ under Ligusticum
scoticum and Mertensia maritima; and a station piven under Eu-
phorbia portlandica, ‘‘ Rocks at Cockmany, Innishowen,” is mos
likely referable to the same locality. Siwm latifolium is included,
since the locality given in the ‘Cybele’ is, proper y » eaking, in
Innishowen, and belongs to District 11, not District 1

(To be continued).

SHORT NOTE S.

Eprocum apHytium (Journ. Bot. 1882, p. 867).—The station
for this pint near Ludlow is in Herofordshixe, not Shropshire. It
is not found in a new county as yet. I know where the wood is
situated, but do not mean to publish it. There is seer reason
for not doing so. We expect the plant to be found some time in
other damp woods in that district.—C. C. Basineton,

PHYLLODY OF THE BRACTEOLES IN ee ng Y Oons ae root
of this plant was — last August by Mr. . Cooper of this
town, on the shore of Ennerdale Water, pele g bearing
flowers of a very sbioemat appearance. On examination I find
the umbels small and about~ 12-rayed, the umbellules only about

i n inch in di :

be if they were separated to the base of the leaflet. A few of these
abnormal bracteoles are compound.—F. T Mor

CaRpDUUS LANCEOLATO-cRispus In Berxs.—By the roadside be-
tween Marsham and Hilford I gathered, growing with typical
lanceolatus, a thistle which was paceman at i 3 between that
species and C’. crispus. The anthodes, though smaller, were near
those of lanceolatus; the spinous-tipped phyllaries were pape very
pas erp of ———— while the ware in outline nearly re-

mbled of crispus, the armature in a few ae le csiae
suiver denciitaous The whole plant was na variable.—G.C. Druce.

AREX AXILLARIS Good., IN fee ST Tames Svus-province.—In

NG i .
tie in the season hs Rey. F. Bennett and myself gathered it
near Marsham, Berks, where it likewise grew with C. remota, &e.
The last locality i is especially interesting since it Sretaees Scirpus

®

NOTICES OF BOOKS. 27

maritimus (as has already been ee in this Journal for 1881,
p ih os pe graveolens,—the last a new county record.—

G. C. D

Notices of Books.

Report on the Progress and Condition of the Royal Gardens at Kew
during the year = By Sir J. D. Hooxzr, Director. London:
Clowes [Dec.] 188

As is always the case, the Kew aaa a a — of
interesting and useful matter; and we give the eo pub-
lisher in order that those who wish to feat more > of its soriidattl
than our limited space will enable us to extract may know where to
obtain the full text. The résumé of the progress of applied botany
contained in its pages is, so far as we know, the only thing of its
kind ; and although its practical usefulness may be a little er
by the late date of its publication, it is still sitiapecedblarts
economic botanist. A list of the exotic economic an stediadaal
plants cultivated under glass at Kew is appended ; this will be very
useful to those who wish to know which of such plants can be seen
at Kew in a living state, and might — be reprinted for distribution
or added to the Guide to the Garden

a Journal = 1881 (p. 3 81) t we referred to the publication -

of no nuda in the Kew Report for 1880, and expressed an
opinion veka ano f pabuention was “very reprehensible.” a Trimen
(Journ. Bot., 1881, p. 289) demurred to this expression, stating
that the names in question represented % as results of herd work
at a troublesome set of plants” . and that “‘ no writer on the
rubber-yielding species of Landolphia and Willughbeia could be
justified in neglec owe them.” The Report now before us furnishes
- curious comment upon this justification. Two of the new rubber-
yielding plants were named (but not described) in the = aie ——
as Chilocarpus flavescens and Willughbeia Burbidgei.
told (Kew Report for 1881, p. 48) that th e former ‘ icon nae rv
a true W; ie i a and will find its place in the Flora {of British
ce as W. flavescens ; while the latter " silage out after ¢ ee
par with auth raed sce OF -W fama, BL . .%<:s
identical with this species.’’* If our contention ‘that the 1880 sagiel
ave no claim to ecko or adoption by future workers ’’ be
‘lowed. the erroneous determinations may pass unnoticed ; but if
Dr. Trimen’s view be adopted, botanical nomenclature will be

The identifications here sndioated > carried out in part ix. of a Flora

of British India,’ which has cc me to oe nce the above remarks were written.
But it is to be noted mrt while » the former is cited as “ W. Burbidge, Dyer in
p. 1 4, 46,” he latter is anon as “ Chiloca — Kew

ew : ;
Gard. Report, 1880, ane no ane 8 roe appended to the specific n

we have before pointed out (Journ. Bot. 1882, p. 289, foot-note) no indication of
the dual authorship of the Kew i for 1880 is to be found in its pages—a

nomina n
as authoritative. We note n passing t that oseph ker, in the ——_
uniformly gc leo a new eet. Witoaptbae ie me genus in question

28 ARTICLES IN JOURNALS.
burdened with at least two names which are at once useless and

ading.
But this is not all. This 1881 Report is ee Jan. Ist, 1882.
But in June 15th of the same year Mr. Dyer read a paper before
the Linnean Society in which he described Willughbeia Burbidgei as
a new species. Are we to conclude from this that Sir re
Hooker was wrong in reducing this plant to a synonym of W
firma? Looking at the two dates we should naturally suppose this
to be the ease; but the true explanation is we believe to be found
in the fact that the Kew Report, though headed Jan. 1st, was not

found on the last page, ee in the Report 1 in question , we ie

may fay te alae ‘*‘ very reprehensible.”

New Booxs.—H. Sotms-tausacn, ‘Die Herkunft, Domestika-
tion, und | Verbreiting des gewohnlichen Sg ee (Gottingen,
1882).—K. W. van Gorxom, ‘ Handbook of Cinchona Culture’
eee by B. D, Regi (ee Tribner, 1882. £2).—

J.D. Hooxer, ‘ Flora of British India,’ part ix. (Vacciniacee—
Apocynacea), London, ‘Resve & Co. 10s. 6d. Dec. 1882. J. Rosta-
xen, ‘Hydrurus i jengo pokrewiéstavo ’ (Krakow, 1882). prget

CHMITZ, ‘ Dis Oi catophoreat der Alg n, ).—G.
arTeNs and ©. A. Kemmerer, ‘Flora von Wirttemberg al
‘ Hohenzollern,’ ed. 8 8. (Heilbronn, Henninger).—E. SrizenBeRGER,

‘Lichens Helvetici’ (fase. 1.)—(St. Gall, Zolli ofer).—E. Cosson,
‘ Tilustrationes Flore Atlantice,’ Fase. i. (tt. 1-25), Paris, Sept.
1882,—J. Sacus, J onlesnae ber Pflanzer- physiologie’ (2nd pt.)
{Teiprig, Engelmann, 1882).— — Cuavupg, ‘La Théologie ie

tes (Paris, Palsaé, 1882).—M. Rimrtscu, ‘ Reproduction des
Cryptogames’ (Paris, Baillicre, eras ——G. Berrnarp, ‘Cham
Pignons observés & < Sao gree oes and atlas. (Paris, G.
Saco 1882).—H. ‘A Glossary of Daenashias Plant-

ames.’ London: Stag "Yeaglish Dialect Soc.), 6s.

ARTICLES te JOURNALS.

Botanical Gazette (Nov.).— G. Engelmann, ‘ = black-fruited
Crategi and a new species’ (C. brachyacantha Sarg. & Engelm —_
A. P. Morgan, ‘ A new Polyporus’ (P. reniformis

Botanische Zeitung (Nov v.).—K. Goebel, ‘ Beitrige zur verglei-

‘ Uber eb mec: der Blatter.’—K. Godlewski, ‘Ein aes
Athmungsa ppara — lL. Jur urdnyi, ; “Beltnge zur Kenntniss der
ren.’ —(Dec Gg. ,

‘ Ueber den essed ‘Charakter jeg ‘lnbendai Protoplasmas.’ shee

ARTIOLES IN JOURNALS. 29

Id. & T. Bokorny, ‘Kann fuchsinschweflige Saiure als mikro-
chemisches Reagens auf Aldehyd benutzt werden: ?'—0, Fisch,
‘Beitrage zur Entwickelungsgeschichte einiger Ascomyceten’ (1 pl.).

a. N otiser.—L. M. Newman, ‘ — éfver Skanes och
Hallands flora.’—H. Ljungstrém, ‘ Om bla ns bygnad hos nagra
eaihieer—_N. C. Kindberg, ‘ Om Grimmia seer! —Id., ‘ Campy-
lopus Schimperi’ (in Bone via).

Bulletin of Torrey eet “eo Club Saas . —J. B. Ellis, ‘New
species of N. American Fun Hendersonia Rauii, H, Viburni,
Pestalozzia Jefferisit, P. cap ares Chistomelia. Stabatbamnte Melanconium
hyalinum, Septosporium falieiaueele Coryneum juniperinum, Helicoma
velutinum).—F. L. Seribner, ‘ North American Genera of Grasses’
(arranged in accordance wi ith Mr. Bentham’s paper in Journ. Linn.
Soc., xix., 14-134, with notes upon certain species). —H. W;:
Ravenel, ‘ Note on the Tuckahoe

Flora (Nov.).—J. Miiller, ‘ ORE Spe Beitrage’ (cont. : new
aathalaah sana —P. G. Strobl, ‘ Flora der Nebroden’ (cont.).

Grevillea (Sept.).—C. B. Plowright, ‘Monograph of British
Hypomyces’ (2 Lease —lIa., ‘ Hetercecism of Uredines.’—M.
Cooke, ‘ New British Fungi’ ( Parsee oxyrie Buch, White MSS. ;
Stigmatea Nicholsons Cooks ; spp. nn.). — Id., ‘ Australian Fungi’
(contd.).—Id., gi of Soe Hor, Stereum retirugum, Trametes

, spp. —C. Kalchbrenner, ‘Fungi Macowaniani
idiu

alch.,
Fungi’ (Hygrophorus Hobsoni, os _— ——
cavipes). (Dec.) ‘ British ee (contd Tula
Plowr., H. terrestris Plowr. & Boud., H. Berkleyanus eos & Cooks,
H., candicans Plowr., spp. nn., 2 pla ates). —‘ Australian Fungi ’(cont.).
—‘ New British Fungi’ (cont. : Agaricus wae pullatus Berk.
& & Cooke, A. soe ybe) hematus B. &C. ., Cercospora Calthe Cooke,
spp. nn.).-M. C. Cooke, ‘ Three Asiatic Fungi’ (Diplodia ptero-
carpt, Hypoxylon cocoinum, ee ia Maingay yi, spp. nn.).—Id.,
‘ Cryptospheria millepunctata Gre
Journal of Linnean Society, xx. 123-124 (Dec. 18).— G. Watt,
‘ Undeseribed and imperfectly known Indian species of Primula aud
Androsace’ (P. Gambeliana, P. pulchra, P. vaginata, P. Clarkei, P.
filipes, P. Heydei, P. concinna, P. tibetica, P. elongata, P. Kingti, P.
Dickieana, P. api apes Hook. f. & Thoms. ., P. soldanelloides, P.
Wattii King ms., P. tenella King ms., P. Elwesiana King ms., P.
reptans Hook. f., P. Hoo okert, P. ‘musi Hook. f., P. Stirtoniana,
A. geraniifolia, A. Croftii, spp. nn.), 18 plates. _W. T. T. Dyer,
‘ Note on origin of Cassia lignea + (Cucina Cassia, Bl.).
Magyar Nov. Lapok (Nov.).—G. Benké, ‘ Vaucheria-gubacsok.’
Midland Naturalist—W. B. Grove, ‘ Fungi of Birmingham ’
(cont. ge tee .—J. Saunders, ‘ Dicranwm montanum in Bedfordshire.’
afd Step thd —H. Molisch, ‘ Kalkoxalatkrystalle in
der eee — A. Burgerstein, ‘Zur Darwin, schen
Warzellrimmung. iar" Kerner & V. Borbas, ‘ one pean orienta
-Gay.’—D. Hire, ‘ Zur Flora von Fiume.’—M. Kronfeld, ‘ Zur Flora

30 OBITUARY.

von Kritzendorf in Niederésterreich.’-——B. Stein, ‘ gabe ia
mit Orobanchen.’—P. Sintenis, ‘ Cypern und seine Flora ’ (cont.).

Transactions of Linnean Society.—(Dec.) C. — a oe
butions to the Lichenology of New South Wales

Obituary.

Dr. Grorce Dickie was born at Aberdeen November 28rd,
1813, and died there July 7th, 1882. He was educated in that
town and graduated at Marischal College A.M., in 1830, and
studied medicine during 1832-33, and in ‘Edinburgh in 1833-84 ;
in the latter year he became M.B.C.8. of London. He lectured
on Botany at King’s College, Aberdeen, from 1839 to 1849, and
delivered occasional courses on Materia Medica and Natural
History in the same University, beats: from it in 1842 the
degree of M.D. He was ee 849, Professor of Natural
History in Belfast, and in 1860 Pidenie of Botany in Aberdeen,
et — neat — see ; ee the state of his health

induce His arate works were the ‘ Flora
of Aenea: (B80y : Botaniai’s tee o Aberdeen and Banff’
(1860), and ‘ Flora of Ulster’ (1864). With Dr. McCosh he wrote
‘Typical Forms and Special Ends in cress ation,’ He was a
constant contributor to various journals, 9 own among the

erogams and mosses as well as Alge. He was electe
F.LS. in 1868, and F.R.S. in 1881.

Te death of Ricnarp P , M.D., took place at Edinburgh late
in 1882. He devoted himself especially to the studies of Ichthyology
and Botany, contributing numerous papers on the former subject to
ci Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh ’ (1882-44), in

36

ich also appeared (vol. i. pp. 867-9, t. i.), his paper upon @
haba which he described and figured as ‘a new species of the
olcus ”’—H, tatus—a plant which he subsequently
Plies = Scotland,’ p. 51) reduced to a variety of H. mollis,
distinguis ed having ‘both [florets] furnished with a long

h Just mentioned is his most important

contribution to Botany; it contains es drawn and engraved by

e Rirsroe grasses, prefaced by a list, with localities, of those
within fifteen miles of Edinburgh. He appears to have paid

-

OBITUARY. 81

special attention to the Graminee in various regions, for in his
preface he speaks of ‘‘ possessing an extensive collection of Grasses
made by myself, not only throughout this island, it also i in the
West Indies and the southern parts of North Ameri In this
work he bape oge: a genus, Bucetum, to include Resbacs pratensis,
F, elatior, and Bromus giganteus, and resets as new certain
forms of Poa—P. polynoda, P. montana, and P. Balfo uri,—the
last of which is retained by Ba bington a as distinct, but is placed
by Nyman as a subspecies of P. cesia. The ‘Grasses of * Seot-
land’ was published in 1842; a second part was published in
1845, and the two were then issued in one volume with the title
‘ The Grasses of Britain.’ Professor Babington} who named in his
hon nour Poa Parnellii (Eng. Bot. t. 2916), speaks of this work as
‘an ineitiabis addition to our knowledge of grasses.”” In order
iinet no doubt might exist as to the plants considered by him
as types of his descriptions, Dr. Pa sone deposited with the
: eae

any active interest in science, and the news of his recent death
Edinburgh surprised most botanists, who had fancied that he
had long since passed away.
Grorce Guiiiver, F.R.S., who died at Canterbury on the 17th
of last November, was born at Banbury on the 4th of June, 1804.
In his ae days he paid some attention to local British Botany:
although it was not until 1841 that he published his ‘ Catalogue
of Plants collected in the neighbourhood of ata at the tere

chiefly between the years 1818 and 1824. The most notew ue
feature in the ‘ Catalogue’ is the large Ay of ie Be
enumerated. Mr. Gulliver, in his preface, speaks of having for

s taken ‘‘a final leave of botany ;”’ but about 1860 his

inal nerves of the leaves of Mosses;’ and to the same
acid for 1861 he Ptr sete the first of those Spa on the
crystals called Raphides, in connection with which his name will
chiefly be remembered, and to the existence of which bodies he was
among the first to call attention. Several ested from wn i appear
in the earlier volumes of this Journal, among the most interesting
rg that in which he pointed out thes ‘diflerenion i in size between

llen grains of Lotus agrrecs and those of L. major (Journ
Bot, 1866, 281-4). About 1868 Mr. Gulliver took up his residence
at Canterbury, and became garoarte ry to the East Kent Natur
History Society ; and it was here that he published = se his
last botanical work, ‘Notes of Researches . in Bot

uN SapteR was born on the 3rd of Pai 1607, at

Gibbleston, Fifeshire. In his early days he was assoc iated wi

her in gardening ; but in 1854 he was appointed assistant to
- Dr, Balfour, aa professor of botany at Edinburgh, a position of

82 BOTANICAL NEWS.

which he aie himself for increasing his knowledge of the
subject. In 1858 he was appointed Secretary to the Botanical
Society of Edinbareh, which post he held until his appointment to
the office of Curator to the Botanic Garden in 1879. Mr. Sadler
devoted a good deal of attention to the study of British Mosses ;
he published numerous papers upon them, the first of which
pened. in the ‘ Transactions of the Botanical Society of Edin-
urgh,’ in 1868, and made a collection of sev veral hundred

in the preparation of the not very cpu e Flora of Edinburgh,’

published in 1863; and published in 1878 a list of the plants
of the Isle of May, Firth of Forth (Trans. Bot. Soc. Edin. xi.,
390-2). He had a good knowledge of the localities ‘of the rare
Scottish plants, and ‘added to the British Flora Carex Feigies and
a Willow described as new by Dr. Boswell Syme, and nam

him Salix Sadleri (see Journ. Bot. 1875, pp. 33- 85, tt. 158, 59),

illness; a portrait of him will be found in the ‘ Gardeners’
Chronicle’ for Faas 18, 1879 (n.s., xi., 81).

Botanical News.

Mr. M. A. Lawson has resigned the Chair of Botany at Oxford,
and has accepted the post of pa atc of the Government Cin-
chona Plantations, Madras. He leaves England early this month.
Britisx botanists will be glad to ‘eae that the twelfth volume
of ‘English Botany,’ ed. 3, is in active preparation.
contain about six parts, comprising the Ferns and a supplement,
with general index, to the whole work. Part i. may be expected
early this = ar. :

Guin Soa Dobrudsha and Sera intends to make ee

Levant in February next, the other half on receipt of the plants.
Professor Aschersen (Berl in) will name the plants and will give
any further information desired.

M. G. Ruumer, of the Berlin Botanical Museum, is making
botanical collections near Benghazi, Cyrenaica, where he hopes to
gather 200-300 species. The plants, named by Professor Ascher-
son, Berlin, will be sold at £1 a hundred. M. Ruhmer left Malta on
December 8th.

M. E. Revercuon will undertake an excursion to Crete during
the present year, with a view to making botanical collections. He
expects to obtain from six to seven hundred species, the price
: which to subscribers will be 25f he hundred. His address

: Bolléne, Vaucluse, France.

aa secs

33

@Oviginal Articles.

NEW PASSIFLOREA.
By Maxwett T. Masters, M.D., F.R.S.

Tur following note comprises a description of . , ee
undescribed Passi assifloree, of which specimens are to b ont in the
herbaria at Kew and in the British Museum (Natur story) at
South Kensington. The new genus proposed ‘mma, together
with Passiflora decipiens, P.platystyla, and P.ian deaeiaoite eworthy

not only as additions to the or der, but also o econon
se and from the Seah of view of mensiad distebutian.

Mitostemma Mast., gen. nov. PassirLoremarum. — Flores
hermaphroditi, 4-5 meri. Floris tubus brevissimu s late cam-
etala

liberis sapaone tveehie: acutissimis ecied ava tate. series
in alas

intermedia e preeced ra
membranaceas albidas altas s superne laceratas extensis, series intima
e processubus omnino membranaceis oblongis obtusis lacero-
fimbriatis conflata; stamina 8-10 hypogyna, filamenta erecta liber
vel plus minus intersese Mantis anthere versatiles oblong
ea es. Gynophorum erectum sulcatum enode. variu
ellipsoideum suleato-lobatum ‘L. loculare, placentis parietalibus 4,
styli 4 graciles, stigmata majuscula sein tglegs -capitata. -Ovula
anatropa. Fructus et semina ignot.—Frutices v. arbores? Rami
teretes. Folia breve petiolata oblonga coriacea glabra 1-costata,
nervi secondarii approximati late divergentes ad apices arcuati,
issi lense intertexte. Ori... ?

sie corona, and the rere pd stamens wholly separate
from the gynophore. The corena springs from the mouth of the
very short flower-tuhe, and Spaacats of a large number of separate
thread-like thick propesoed arranged in a — series; the

outermost are terete, acute, fleshy, reddish orange, somewhat

shorter than the petals; next to these is a airs of lobes like
those just described, but each has a membranous lacerate wing on
either side, so that the thick fleshy thread is, as it were, a midrib
between the two membranous wings; the third and innermost
seein sales of a number of oblong processes, nea membranous,
crisped, and lacerate at the edges. ‘There is no other corona, ——_
bo oe series at the throat of the tube. The 8 or 10 stamen
hypogynous and more or less coherent at the base, durcixtoding:
a Wee 21. [Fepruary, 1883.) D

84 NEW PASSIFLORES.

but entirely = eae the gynophore. Under ordinary circum-
stances, in allied genera, the stamens are ogynous and the
ovary seaaile in the early stages, but as development goes on the
stipes of the ovary lengthens into the gynophore, and the stamens
being undetached from it are upraised with it. In the present
po they are wholly ine from the SyPaPyee- Thus this genus,
o far as the arrangement of its stamens goes, presents a con-
dition intermediate between that of Passiflora multiflora, in which
the stamens are hypogynous and the ovary sessile, and that of
most Passifloras wherein the ovary is raised on a long stalk to
which the stamens are attached.
M. Glaziovii Mast., sp. n. — Foliis subcoriaceis oblongi
-acuminatis (16-18 x 4 em.) basi ad insertionem petioli glandulosis,
venulis densissime Rone pine racemis longiusculis (casu foliorum
aphyllis); floris (4 m. diam. ) ‘petalis sepala subequantibus; stylis

In Brasiliam meridionalem prope Rio de Janeiro, Glaziou,
n. 12741 in herb. Kew

. Jenmanii Mast. ., Sp. n.—Foliis coriaceis ars fe obtusis
(8-9 x 4 cm.) venulis parum remotis; racemis viatis ; floris
(3 cm. diam.) petalis quam sepala multo SrevieipGe: stylis
eo apa ovario fusiformi longioribus.
2 hae Britannic. prope flumen Mazaruni, Jenman, in herb.

ew., n.

Very like the preceding, but differing from it in the thicker
texture of the leaves, looser poset smaller flowers, longer styles,
and narrower ovary. It is a ingular circumstance that the only
known representatives of an sitabaly new and distinet genus cinta
have found their way into the herbarium about the same time and
from two such widely separated districts as British Guiana and
South Brazil respectively. nina others will hereafter be
discovered in the intervening distric

Tacsonia a (Eu-Tacsonta) infun faeuis aris Mast., sp. n.—Cau
glabro angulato; foliis longiuscule spade yes ( petiolo aly
utringue glabris trisectis, lobis lanceolatis glanduloso-serratis medio
longiore; stipulis foliaceis sscemmet angela serratis; pedunculo
folio longiore ; bracteis magnis (4-5 cm.) lanceolatis serratis ; floris
tubo 11 cm. long. gla ae basi ents infra medium eylindr
supra medium ampliato, fauce parum constricto; sepalis tubo
bes Sich oblongis subupice aristulatis; corona fauciali inexpli-

; membranacea alta defiexa ; cet. 2 now .

Vasisktisla, Funck & Schlim, n. 1881, in herb. Mus

The foliage i is like that of 1’. adulteré ina, and sugestive of. ite being =
a variety with lobed leaves; but there are ‘ample n arks of distinctio1
in the angular stem, the leafy stipules, the gintdinlne leaf-stalk, th
long flower-stalk, and the absence of faucial corona.

Passiflora (AstropHea) deficiens, sp. n.—Caule tereti cirrato;
foliis glabris membranaceis oblongis breviter asronene i petiolis
8 cm. apice biglandulosis ; floribus 3 em. long. diam. C.M. ;
floris tubo brevi glabro campanulato; sepalis RTRerey chiki

NEW PASSIFLOREE. 385

ecorniculatis tnbum—4—5-plo superantibus ; petalis conformibus
mina corona fauciali filamentosa, filis summis petalis parum
Lrevioribus petaloideis a latere compressis falcato-hgulatis apice
onge productis, filis internis perplurimis multo brevioribus
sarc capitellatis prcnte Ss, corona media eon
. carente, corona basilari profunde tubulata membrana superne
Eisisulata gynophorum fere ad medium cingente ; eae oblongo

sulcato, stylis subulatis puberulis
uiana Britanic. prope flumen Essequibo, Jenman, in herb.

Kew., n. 1169.

A very interesting species, intermediate in some respects
between the subgenera Astrophea and Granadilla. Thus, while the
habit, the form of the flower, the faucial corona, and the gyndphore
with a central node or dilatation, are those of § Astr ophea, the deep
tubular basilar corona encircling the gynophore is like that of
§ Granadilla.. The median or Shea corona is entirely-
absent, a very rare circumstan

ROPHEA) platy ae “Mast sp. n. — Ramis cirratis
teretibus pubssoen ntibus; foliis -oblongis oilers coriaceis deorsum

floris 8-4 cm. (diam.) tu tubo bre puberulo ; sepalis
oblongis obtusis ecorniculatis soso pubes; -Gatalia conformibus
ibus ; corone faucialis filam # pluriserialis, filis extimis

gyn ophoro glabro ee — nodoso; ovario sessile setoso
Pubsssente, stylis complan
teedionadi: pose Rio de Janeiro, Glaziou, in herb.

Kew., n. 138454
t is remarkable that so distinct a species should not before
have been recorded from so well-worked a district. The
quarters of the subgenus Astrophea are in the extreme north-western

corner of South America, but a few are found in Brazil, oe
them P. hematostigma. This last-named species is nearly allie
the — one, which, however, has larger flowers, with a nae
funnel-shaped tube, warted in the ea decdioelaks sepals,
glabrous cies and flat styles

subulatis ; foliis glabris ae aaa parvis (15 mm. long. 20mm.
lat.), eglandulosis palmatim 5-nerviis antice sicevitee 3-lobis,
lobis oblongis obtusis, medio lina? pedanenlo Steo superante ;
bracteis minimis caducis; floribus 2 cm. diam. late campanulatis,
tubo setuloso basi —— 0; sep lis e basi lata lanteolatls “sani

brevioribus, ? flavidie ; corona fauciali filamentosa, filis
1- neriatis petalis dimidio brevioribus flavidis basi sien

36 NEW PASSIFLORE.

corona membranacea fauciali inflexa fimbrillifera, corona sub-
mediana brevi annulari; filamentis longis; ovario ovoideo setuloso ; ;

erat deflexis ovario longi oribus =
Mexico (‘‘ Nouvelle Espheus”), Ruiz & Pavon, in herb. Mus.

rit.
Resembles P. mewicana a ., but that species has bilobed
ocellate —. and apetalous flo
P, (PiecTostemMa, anced Kalbreyeri Mast., sp. n.—Ram
teretibus ptibiescen tila: foliis (5-7 cm.) carnosulis desuper Piisis,
deorsum pubescentibus — setosis ovatis 3- -nerviis basi ~ tiolum

talis fl di

corone faucialis ‘Gis extimis otal sctanenes flavidis versus
me ceruleo-fasciatis, filis intimis parum minoribus flavidis,
mes baa inflexo plicata, corona infra mediana brevi carno-
sula uliformi; gynandropho glabro gracili; filamentis gynan-
dro pbarusk longioribus ; ovata spa bie dense setoso, stylis
glabris subulatis ovario longior

Nov. Granata, Prov. re ae Kalbreyer, 1253, in herb. Kew

A species remarkab e among its allies for its relatively large
Benet 88 slender gynophore, and unusually long filaments and

8-lobis, ihe: ones crates medio longiore. ad basin
glanduloso-serrulato ; pedunculo petiolum duplo superante; floris
violacei tubo 4 ¢ , cylindrato i Msciettee ; sepalis

em. longis oblongis carinatis, carina dorso subapice i
rniculum foliaceum producta ; petalis sunformibid minoribus ;
corona fauciali pluriseriali filamentosa, filis summis petalis 8—4-plo
brevioribus, ceteris sensim minoribus e tubi parte superiore tertia
emergentibus, corona membranacea erecta integra; filamentis
basi haud se —: ovario aveiliaa glabro, stylo brevi dilatato in
ramos 3 mox diviso.
Bolivia, Bridges, in herb. Mus. Brit.
This is a remarkable species, belonging to that section of the

seca Murucuia in which the membranous corona emerges
from near the base of the tube. In he form of the flower it is
muc like a true Tacsonia, but the filamentous faucial corona,

occupying the upper third of the flower-tube, and the membranous
orona springing upwards from the tube just above the dilated
partion, serve to indicate its sehations to the Murueuia group.

A

New

37

ON THE FLORA OF THE UPPER TAMAR AND
NEIGHBOURING DISTRICTS.
By tue Rev. W. Moyre Rogers, F.L.S.
(Continued from p. 20).

About Okeham

P. domestica L.—I. Lane papi Poughill and Bude, rather
frequent. Elsewhere near bee ar Marhamchurch, and between
Marhamehurch and -Widmouth. Unusually oN and in {me
oe ele away ee houses and gard

P. avium L.—I. Between Stibb and Poughill. Between Mar-
hamehirel and Biigeha, Ill. Bridgerule. Pywo hick

sus L.---Rather common in most of the lan

Miciaieie odorata Mill.—Near Curry | two or his plants
together. . Bridgerule, in devil spot

Poterium Sanguisorba L.—I. Cliffs at Seadinee uth.

Potentilla procumbens Sibth.—I. About Bude. Between —
and Launeells. II. St. Stephen’s. IL. Bridgerule and neigh-

Prunus insititia L.—-III. Bridgerule, in some quantity. IV.
p

Comarum palustre L. II. Between canal an river, ghee two
miles south of se Tia Bridge. Il. Tamar Valley by Bridge-
rule (n of dge); in Scotland Bog; and in Upper —
Bridgerule Bog. New Second for N. Devon, and very rare in 8.W.
England generally. The discovery of this species in fairly good
quantity on both banks of se Upper Tamar is especially interesting,
as it is believed by Mr. Briggs to be extinct now in the station
(‘near the Weir Head,” within the area of the Plymouth Flora)
given for it in Banks’ Flora, 1

ubus Ideus L. —IL. In thickets by canal above Bridgerule.
nih Lifton and Bridestowe. IV. Near Okehampton,

HE false Lindl. III. Bridge Moor, and in like situations in
iam and Pyworthy, in eoes quantity. Near Dunsland Cross.

R. poe W. & N.— [? III. Bridgerule Bog, needs further
tudy.] IV. Seer fe among bracken by the river, in good
quaity. New record.
is W. & & NL Tackbear. Week St. M Fre-
quent on deisel and in open moorland places between the river
and oon worthy. Near Bridestowe. IV. About Okehampton,
comm
R. Cindistei Lees.— II. By canal at Bridgerule, rather fre-
quent. III. Bridgerule Bog. Bridgerule and Holsworthy Road,
Tinney Moor. Between Lifton and Bridestowe. IV. ae Oke-
hampton. Typical Lindleianus seems much less common in N.
Devon than in §. Devon ; but the bramble alluded to in Fl. Plym.
p- 112) as allied to it is exceedingly common on both sides of the
pper Tamar, and along the N. Cornwall coast. It appears to ”
distributed throughout Beved: and usually in abundance,

88 FLORA OF THE UPPER TAMAR AND NEIGHBOURING DISTRICTS.

R. rhamnifolius W. & N.—III. Bridgerule. IV. Okehampton.

R. imbricatus Hort.—Il. Bridgerule, near the village in two of
the lanes, but in very small quantity. This bramble, so common
in the niga part of the Teign Basin, I have not yet met with in
N. Dev

R. Paiolr W. & N.—In all the districts, but often quite sparingly.

R. leucostachys Sm. I. About Tackbear. III. Br udgeries Hols-
. Near Dunsland Cross. IV. Okehampton. Only locally
co

wo “hi tifolius Miill.—III. Between Pyworthy and the road from
Bridgerule to N. Tamerton. Near Dunsland Cross railway-station.
In both places differing slightly from the Plymouth plant. New
recor

= ‘Salteri Bab., b. calvatus. IV. About Okehampton. New
reco

hi. eticaeulis Wy. & N.—I. Near Bude. Jacobstow. St. ae gen
Kieve. ILI. Bridgerule and neighbourhood, common. Oke-
hampton. b. adscitus.— I. Near Marhamchurch. J he
Panaan Bay. Near St. Knighton’ s Kieve. II. Whitstone. III.
Bridgerule and ee common. Between Lifton sok Bridestowe.
Near Dunsland Cro

R. macrophyllus Weihe, a. umbrosus.—Very common, b. macro-
phyllus. —I. Lane east of Stratton, in rae teedla quantity.
Il. Near Bridgerule, towards Launcells. III. Bridgerule. Ap-
parently rather frequent

R. Aystrix Weihe. - —TII. Wood-border, roadside near St.
Stephen’s. IV. Near Okehampton. Not typical, but just the
same Lk in both places.

dula Weihe.—III. Bridgerule, in several spots, but not
eae IV. Okehampton, fairly frequent.

R. diversifolius Lindl. — I. North-east end of Summerleaze ©
Down, in good quantity. Near Burrow. III. ae aoe locally
abundant. bit not the typical plant. Near Dunsland Cross.

R. pyramidalis Bab. — III. Wood between etoott and North
Tamerton.

R. glandulosus Bell. —I. Between 2 age and Launcells,
common. St. Kn ps sau s Kieve. III. Near Dunsland Cross.
3 66 Pb a
iS R. re urainus Bie — III. Near Dunsland Cross Railway

Bony cor yee Sm.—Locally common in I. II. and III. Usually

. sublusty

He cesius L.—I. Near Bude. Boscastle

a spinosissima L.—I. Cliffs ne Sandymouth in good
mca. Summerleaze Down, south-east

may mention here ik &- a agit collection of Rubi, mag by Mr.
Waterfall in the oe aged mae! of Okehampton and sent fresh to Mr. Briggs, —
contains addition some those recorded for Pi same caighboutlanal

above) ? thyraoideus, adscitus (North Lawton), ? hirtifolius, mucronulatus, and
the var. of Borreri for which Mr. Briggs (Fl. Plym.) ha ‘suggested the name
dentatifolius.

FLORA OF THE UPPER TAMAR AND NEIGHBOURING DISTRICTS. 39

R. tomentosa Sm.—Fairly common in I. II. and III. ; a frequent
form being one with very dark flowers and large grey clothy leaves.
But I have met with moderately ie seabrinscula in one place near
Stratton, and with sylvestris near Mar chure

R. ele a Sm.—Frequent in I. aL and ILL.

R. canina L.—a. lutetiana e. dumalis, common, especially
the father il" biserrata. I. Between Bude and Poughill, in two or

D
R. stylosa Desv., a. "syst yla. — Only ae frequent i ins 41.
nd III.

R. arvensis Huds. — Common, but very much less so than in
S. Devon.—b. bibracteata. Il. Phin nie scarce
_ Pyrus torminalis Ehrh.—t. Betw ridgert ale and Whitstone,

in one place in roadside hedge

P. latifolia Syme. —I. rear Marhamchurch, in two stations
na more than a mile apart, on bushy hedgebanks. Apparently
native.

P. Malus L.— Frequent in I. Il. and III.; a. acerba being
apparently the more abundant form, about Bridgerule at all events.
Lythrum Salicaria L. Facts re and III. Exceedingly common.

Peplis Portula L. 0m

Epilobium tetragonum Tk: a a Il. and Ill. Fairly common,
expecially near the sea; but less so than EF. obscurum Schreb. and
E. palustre L. The exceeding abundance of palustre as a roadside
plant is is Sorkehx plant which is clearly a hybrid
between palustre and parviflorum occurs in ditches between ee
rule West and Whitstone (II.), and in Bridgerule East (III

Callitriche hamuwata Kiitz., b. pedunculata, — III. Ditches,
Bridgerule.

“gone Telephium L., a. purpurascens. —I. On both sides of a -
lane, between St. Knig hton’s Kieve and Trevalga, for a con-
aaaabls See So ake stablished as to assume ’the look of a

native. IL. Near Whitstone, roadside not far from cottage.

S. anglicum Huds. — 1. Coast, common. IV. Okehampton ;
Belstone Cleave.

Cotyledon Umbilicus L.—Generally distributed.

Chrysosplenium oppositifolium L.—I. St. Knighton’s Kieve.
II. Holsworthy Road, Bridgerule. mae Tene Ps Pb

Eryngium maritimum L.—I. Widm

tome segetum Koch. seer sty Bude and Stratto

momum Li.—I. Rather common about Bude, pees
te aie

Carum verticillatum Koch. —I. About Tackbear, and between it
and Widaiottds: Il. Between canal and river north and south of

40 FLORA OF THE UPPER TAMAR AND NEIGHBOURING DISTRICTS.

Bridgerule, common. Wilsworthy Moor. III. Bridgerule, Py-
worthy, and Tinney; in great quantity in 1 nearly all the marshy
evo

; von.

Torilis nodosa Gaert.——I. Near Sandymouth, Poughill, Bude,
and Marhamchurch. Binitton ar Launcells Road, occasionally.
II. Bridgerule, at Littlebridge. Rare, except near the sea, and
only in very dry warm spots.

Conium maculatum L. ——I. Marhamehurch. III. Bridgeraly;
IV. Okehampton. Local.

Smyrnium Hest um L.—I. Bu de; Marhamchurch; Bur

Viburnum Opulus L. — Generally though somewhat soermls
distributed.

Rubia peregrina L.—lI. Near Bude and Widmouth, common.

Galium verum L.—I. Sa Sop ceasne _ Bude. This, like the
last, I have as yet seen only by the ¢

G. Mollugo L. —I. Between Bteation. aca north-west boundary ~
of Bridgerule, here and there in considerable bye but
remarkably local. Also near Marhamchurch (Hind) and Week

ge

St. Mary; but a fr
portions of the district. IL. In two places near Bridgerule. On
Launceston Road, south of a a nally; becoming
very common near Launceston. ILI. on and Okehampton
Road, common; but, higher up the a from Bridgerule to
Holsworthy, over many miles of country, I have not been able to
find a plant. IV. About Oia naan mmon. I cannot suggest —
any reason for so very local a distribution of this usually very
common West of England species.

G. sylvestre Poll.—I. Under this, Prof. Babington thinks, must
come a remarkable-looking plant which I found in small quantity —

among furze-bushes on Efford Down, near Bude. It was the only |
white-flowered Galiwn in the immediate Sedshbencibiood I believe
not hitherto ving athe from the Peninsula. S

G. palustre L. — “ety everywhere, the variety elongatum

i
RO ee SH eee, ef EE LE SL aN OA eRe NS Geer ime RS eS ate a) eae Ce tile Tis eee Se

being the prevailing foe
< . uliginosum L. oe. Bridge Moor and Bridgerule Bog. New
reco
Valerianella Auricula DC.—III. Bridgerule, in two rather widely
separated corn-fields. New record.
Carduus nutans L.—I. Poughill; Bude. III. Near Bridestowe.
me reed — local.
Huds. — — II. Between canal and river, south of
ice Noe in «Top. B ot.’ for E. Cornwall, but recorded
her

NES be Basar (ta ie a ee eee Be Cree Narn See ee me ae atin 3

Arctium majus Schkuhr.—I, ‘Bude, on vi top Be atte by lifeboat-
a two or three plants, with more of A. minus. Waste ——
at

A, seth Schkuhr.—Rather common.

FLORA OF THE UPPER TAMAR AND NEIGHBOURING DISTRICTS. 41

. intermedium Lange.—I. With A. majus at Burrow. IV. —
ea If I understand it rightly, this is not uncom
eg tinctoria L.—I, I. and M11. Rather common, bit with
local tendencies.
Centaurea nigra L.—Common ; usually bh, decipiens, radiate and
Be ae the irradiate forms bein ng far more frequent than in
es one coming earlier into flower than the radiate.
Scabiosa Lb. —I. Sandymouth, Bude, &. Il. Bridgerule.
Apyarentl quite rare away from the immediate neighbourhood of
the

Chr ysanthemum segetum Li.—I. Near Boscastle (Hind) and
Tintagel. Locally shee —
Matricaria Parthenium Li. — I. Boscastle. III. Bridgerule.
Denizen everywhere.
Tanacetum vulgare L.—I. Near Stratton. (ores err
and 1

yard ai ane. Jacobstow. Boscastle, and between it
Tintagel, occasionally. III. Pyworthy, in es or ee slsteh
between the village and Dux Common. Rare; and with much

ag
more doubtful claims as a native than in the Teign Valley
Anthemis Cotula L..—Rather common.

A, nobilis L.—I1. Between Stratton and Launcells. Week
Mary and Jacobstow, frequent. a between St. Knighton’s 8
Kieve and the sea, in great quantity. JI. By canal north of
Bridgerule, and at Littlebridge. kann Whitestone and Laun
pears — frequent. III. Between Bridgerule mill-stream and

Achillea Ptarmica L.—Remarkably common.
sages Absinthiwm L.—I,. Between Stibb and Sandymouth,
a farmhouse. On the cliffs at Pentargan Bay, and in great
paca about Boscastle.

Filago germanica L.—I. Boscastle. II. Bridgerule. IIL. Bridge-
rule. Between Lifton and Bridestowe. IV. Okehampton. Rather
uncommon.

Gnaphalium uliginosum L.—I. Week St. Mary. IL. Whitstone;
St. Stephen’s. II. Bridgerule. IV. Belstone.

enecio sylvaticus L.—I. Widmouth; Pentargan Bay. II. St.
Stephen’s. III. Church Hill, Bridgerule. IV. Okehampton.

8S. erucifolius L. — I. Sandymouth, Bude, and Widmonth,
abundant. Str atton; Launcells. I. By canal at Bridge
Til, Lifton and towards Lew Down, common. Very local, except
on the seaboard.

idens tripartita L.—I. eecorcie Const: Il. Bridgerule :
between Littlebridge and the canal, and in roadside ditch to the
south of the ieee: Til. By Datrell’s Cross, Pyworthy. Near
Rlieediiiy, on the Bude Roa

Inwla crithmoides L.—-I. Cliffs at Boscastle.

‘ —— vulgaris Desf. — 1. In Langford Plantation, Marham-
chur

Cichorium Intybus L.— 1. Abundant about Bude, especially
towards Marhamchurch and Stratton. Between Stratton and
oT Il. Littlebridge, Bridgerule; only a plant or two.

Ill. Bridgerule, one plant not far cin the church,

42 A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS SELAGINELLA. -

Leontodon hirtus L. —Generally distributed, and very common.
. hispidus L..—I1. Hill between Werrington — St. Stephen’ 8,
very abundant: II. Bridgerule, roadside-bank near vicarage, one
plant. Between Lifton and Okehampton, satlee frequent. .
Common about Okehampton.
eee echioides Gaert.——I. Sea-coast from Sandymouth to
Widmouth, frequent. Between Stratton and Launcells. Near
Marhamebirl. = Between Bridgerule Church and Bri idge
Moor, a few
Crepis = ae Thuill. —I. Near Bude, in some —
III. Bridgerule, near a farm, two or three plants. Colonist
C. biennis is: —I. Near Stratton, one plant in hedgebank.
Colonist.
ieracium aurantiacum L.—I. Whitstone Churchyard. Denizen
sei a and abundant.
H. umbellatun L.—T1. I. and II. Quite common. IV. Oke-
item: Belstone. The only native Hieracium yet seen.

(To be continued.)

A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS SELAGINELLA.
By J. G. Baxer, F.R.S., &c.
(Continued from p. 5.)
Subgenus [.—SrLaGineLLa PROPER. | :

1. S. spmosa P. B. Aithog., 112; S. spinulosa A. Br.; S.
selaginoides Link. ; Pada ge selaginoides eae chk. Krypt.
t. 165; Hook. Brit. Fern rns, t. 52; Eng. Bot. 1148; L “eiliatum
Tain.—Barren stems short, trailing, slender, gi branched, with
short ascending branches. ‘Leaves = and sarrens on the lower
part o arren branches, dense and ending upW

lanceolate, 4-1 lin. long, acute, Bay sae ciliated, thin but
moderately firm in texture; midrib obscure, Fertile stems erect,

; long
strongly ciliated, not acutely role ed. a

Hab. Arctic — — zones of Europe and North
America, i in cae pla :

2, FLEXA feaccene Fil. Amer. Expl. Expedit. 332, t. 45.—
Stems tufted, flexuose, ascending, stramineous, 3-4 in. long,
simple or little bran ched. Leaves multifarious, nin 5 ———
ovate or ovate- ee under a line long, ongly
reflexed, thin but firm in texture, Sanaa pristle- ciliated.
Spikes 1-14 in. ba. % in. diam., sessile; bracts similar to the
leaves in shape, texture — ciliation, but larger, the mati
patent, the upper ascendin b

Hab. Sandwich islamas: Dr, Hildebrand!

A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS SELAGINELLA. 43

8. S. Preisstana Spring Mon. ii. 61; Lycopodium gracillimum
Kunze Farnn. tab, 100, fig. 2; L. musciforme F. M.—Stems tufted,
very slender, square, stramineous, erect, 1-2 in. long ineluding
the spike, usually simple. Leaves uniform, lax, spreading,
decussate, lanceolate, about } lin. long, not ciliated, thin but
‘moderately firm in texture, acute, with a distinct midrib. Spikes

m., reaching down nearly to the base of stems ;
bracts ovate or ovate- cs: ascending, Sbriau ted acutely
keeled.

Hab. West Australia, Victoria, and Tasmania, in damp ground.

p

Leavy s lax, agp aioe ovate or ovate-lanceolate, 4-1 lin. long,
a at in but in texture, spreading or rather ascending,
entire. Spikes Sanaa, sessile at the end of the branches,
3-1 in. long, 14-2 lin. diam.; bracts ovate or ovate-lanceolate,

Hab. East Australia, frequent from Queensland to Victoria
and Rr remnnse in swamps.

8. pumiza Spring Mon. ii. 60; Lycopodium pumilum Schlecht.
pak 6, ‘t as L. pygmeum Kaulf. ; Kunze Farnn. t. 100, fig. 1;
L. bryoides Kaul —Stems tufted, very slender, stramineous, erect
or decumbent, if the former not more than 2-3 in. long, simple or
distantly pinnate, with short simple ascending bran ae Leaves
very lax, spreading, ovate or lanceolate, acute, 4-1 ln

but not serra keeled.

Hab. Cape Colony, in shady and damp places. L. pygm
Kaulf. is a form with short tufted erect stems and smaller narr Giee
leaves; L. bryoides Kaulf. a form with longer trailing stems and
broader larger he acute leaves.

§. rupestris Spring in Fl. Bras. i. 118; ipsa decrees
Linn.; Schk. Krypt. t. 165; Raddi Fil. Bras. t. 8,
L. bryopteris Wall., non Linn.; L. Dreget Presl.—Dill. Muse. t. 68,
fig. 11.—Stems densely tufted, decumbent or ascendin

compound es. Leaves dense, multifarious, uniform, ascend-
ing, densely rae ated, linear or linear-lanceolate, 3-1 lin. long,
with a distin ct transparent awn, pale green, convex and sulcate on

the back, rigid in texture, strongly ciliated. Spikes square,
sessile, 4-1 in. long, } lin. diam.; bracts rigid, ovate-lanceolate,
acute, much imbricated, canal kee led.

North and south temperate zone of both the Old and
New Worlds; also on ine Andes, Himalayas, and mountains of
Brazil and Ceylon. The most widely spread species of the genus,
but not ‘enciont in Europe. Milde Fil. Eur. 262, defines ten
varieties. iS, iortipila A, Br., from the mountains of South

44 A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS SELAGINELLA,

Carolina, is a dwarf form with leaves more gibbous on the back, —
short cilia, and a sudden denticulate awn. L. struthioloides Nutt.,
from California, has also very thick short leaves and a sudden awn,
combined with a suberect h we and more compound branches than
usual. L. bryoides Nutt. is a very dwarf form with decumbent
main stems, with short — stout ascending leafy branches.

. §. orecana Eaton in 8. Wats. Bot. Calif. ae — Stems

unifor a; inear- lanceolate, green, convex and creed on ‘the back,
sparsely denticulate, scarcely a line long, acute but not bristle-
tipped. Spikes square, very slender, resembling the sterile
branchlets.

Hab. Oregon, hanging from branches, in — forests, in
dense 7 greets ‘Bisov red by General Kautz in
8.

oLENTA Spring Mon 57; Cgeopsie san~ a

GUIN ii.

guinolentum Linn. Sp. 1567 ; genes Acad. il. 868, tab. 4, fig. 26.—
—Stems densely waited, often forked at the base, very slender,

bright red, spreading or ascending, reaching } ft. or more m

length, copiously pinnately ibeaiehol: the branches short, ascending

and again compound, Leaves decussate, oblong, obtuse, with a

©
6
+
=
fev)
a
_2
a
is

c e Spikes a in. long, } lin. diam., square;
ciel thick, deltoid, tients 4 lin. long, nek imbricated, sot :

ab. Eastern Siberia, in rocky mountainous eS ae and
rrseetanitg lately by Dr. Aitchison in the Kurr y:

Subgenus I1.—SrachyGynanpRium.
ries I.—DxrcumBenrtes.
Group 1. a

a. -Be snorrogs Spring Mon. ii. 90; Lycopodium —— |
Blume. — Stems very slender, ata. matted, 2-3 long,
— egaokod, the branches slightly compound. ‘Leave of
the lower plane close, suborbicular, obtuse, 4 lin. long, firm an
rigid in aes. pale green, entire, subdecurrent on the upper sas
at the base, flat, with a distinct midrib; those of the upper plane
much smaller, obovate, opeae. Spikes unknow Ss

Hab. Mountain Most hig S. sii 5 but the ©
leaves are crowded at ese in textur

10. §. Mariesii Baker, n. sp.— si me CoTety matted, very
slender, trailing, 2-3 in. long, green or "bri right red, distantly

middle and lower art of the branches; not to those of Pig hale stem, whieh, ;
especially in the decompound = "Glen differ widely from those of the
branches in shape and direction

A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS SELAGINELLA. 45

moderately firm in texture, flat, with an obscure midrib, the upper
side pia A and ciliated at the base, where it is imbricated over
the stem, the lower rounded; leaves of upper plane half as long,
oblique- sae subacute, ascending. Spikes short, square, 4 lin.
m. ovate, acute, much imbricated, strongly keeled.
pa in mountain woods, Maries ! Midway between
denticulata and delicatissima
1. §. vaginatTa Spring, Mon. ii. 87. — Stems densely matted,
pale, trailing, 2-8 in. long, with distant erecto-patent slightly
compound branches. Leaves of the lower plane close, erecto-
patent, obligas: ovate-lanceolate, acute, 4 lin. long, much incurved,
firm in texture, ciliate-denticulate on all the stad cordate and
more conspicuously ciliated on the upper side at the base, where it
is much imbricated over the Seis a little rounded on the lower
side; midrib obscure; leaves of the upper plane half as long,
asce nding, imbricated, ovate- enepaaat. ikes copious, sessile,
ic 4-+ in. long, ? lin. diam. ; bracts ovate-lanceolate, strongly
keeled

Hab. Bootan and Khasia Mountains, Grigith! Moulmein,
Parish 148! Neilgherries, Perottet! L. ciliare as MSS. is a
form with laxer more spreading leaves and longer

; penTicuLATA Link, Fil. Berol. 159; Lara sti
ticulatum Linn. Sp. ont lao Muse. t. — Stem
— matted, pale, trailing, Ee renee. a length of : ft. ions

innately branched, the lo nches copiously flabellately
caiooeie . Leaves of lower — close or slightly spaced, broad
ovate, Irae subacute, $—1 in. long, spreading or erecto-patent,

moderately firm in texture, flat, sca cordate on the upper
side at the base, much imbricated over the stem, rounded on the
lower ; leaves of upper plane half as long, oblique ovate, pgp ae
rather diverging. Spikes — square, about 4 in. long, 4 lin
iam.; bracts ovate, acute, much imbricated, strongly keeled.

Hab editerranean region from Madeira and the Canaries to
Syria. The Cape plant i included here by Spring is a distinct
species. SS. Kraussiana, often called denticulata in gardens, is
totally different. e have a specimen from the island of Elba
with a distinctly platystichoid spike. The whole plant, in exposed
pla sometimes turns bright red when old.

13. §. moneHorica Bapeoekt Beitr. iu. 32. — Stems ve
slender, wi ys trailing, reaching a length of 3-1 ft., copiously
inn e e

compound. Theives of the lower plane crowded or rather spaced,
erecto-patent, ore oblique, 4 lin. long, firm in texture, broadl
rounded and cilia on the upper side at the base, where it is
sebieteatod over the stem; midrib distinct; leaves of the upper
art half as long, ascending, oblique oblong. Spikes sessile,

in. long, ¢ lin. diam., square; bracts deltoid, acute, crowded,
with a raised kee

- North China; first gathered by Sir G. Staunton between
Pekin and Jehol. A near ally of 9. denticulata. Var. Rossii Baker,
from the province of Sching-king, differs by its need strongly

46 A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS SELAGINELLA.

deflexed leaves with revolute margins and height crimson old stems.
In exposed places the larger leaves are often wrapped round ‘the:
branches, as in vagina
14. S. HELVETICA Link Fil. Hort. Berol. 159; Lycopodium
helveticum Linn. Sp. 1568; Schk. Krypt. t. 165; Jacq. Austr.
96; L. fiicine Schrank. — Stems den sely matted, slender

a

oblong or ovate-oblong, 3—$ lin. long, obtuse or subacute, oblique,
produced on the upper side, rounded on both sides at base,
obscurely ciliated, flat, pale green, moderately firm in texture;
leaves of the upper plane oblique ovate, acute, 4 as long, rather
divergent. Spikes Sislinatiy peduncled, 3-1 in. lo ong, 1 lin. diam., |
terete; bracts ovate, acute, imbricated, 4 lin. poten thin but frilly
not acutely keeled.
Central ee and through Siberia to Persia, North
re and Japan
. S. aceesta 4 Spring Mon. ii. 89. — Stems slender, trailing,
toy matted, about an inch long, 2-8 times dichotomously _
forked. Leaves of lower plane spaced, except at the tip of
branches, oblique ovate-lanceolate, obtuse or subacute, 4. lin. long
spreading, revolute, dark green, moderately firm in texture, reilly
rounded on the upper side at the base, not ciliated; leaves of lower
plane 4 as long, ovate, a ascending, imbricated, distine
keeled. Spikes unknown
at Kha

Hist. Muse. t. 66, fig. 18, but not the Ceylon plant; L. “jason
Willd.—Stems ore pale, trailing, densely matted, 2-3 in. long,
copiously pinnately branched, with short erecto-patent flabellately
compou basics Leaves of the lower plane close, oblique
ovate-lanceolate, about a line long, —— et acute, moderately
in texture, the midrib distinct in the upper part, the base
broadly ronnded and distinctly ciliated on ‘he upper side, less”
rounded and not ciliated on the —= leaves of the upper plane
4 as long, oblique ovate, acute, ending, imbricated. Spikes —
short, square, } lin. diam. ; bracts rs acute, much imbricated,
strongly me sae
Hab. a Mountains, Hook. fil. & Thomson! A near ally
of ie siete well represented in the figure of Dillenius —_—

(To be continued.)

47

ON THE FLORA OF INNISHOWEN, CO. DONEGAL.
By H. C. Harr, B.A.
(Concluded from p. 26.)

t us now consider the Flora of Innishowen with regard to the
different aronpe of pies es of which it is composed, as seep by
nto “«T The Highland or Alpine type is well
represented, about half the total number of Irish species being
found in Innishowen
Hieuianp Type.

Draba incana. Vaccinium Vitis-Idea.
Silene acaulis. olygonum viviparum.
Sedum Rhodiola. Salix herbacea.
Saxifraga oppositifolia. Juniperus nana.

? S. stellaris. Jarex righ
Hieracium anglicum. Isoetes lacustris.

H. crocatum. Ty re —
Saussurea alpina L. selaginoide

Arctostaphylos Uva-ursi.
Of the above, those in italics alone maintain a Highland
a in Inni ng and of these Vaccinium, Silene, sat Salix
ccur below 1000 feet. The low vertical range of some alpine
saab in Ireland is so tedden Ls that of Salia herbacea espe-
cially so. The following belong to

NortHern Type.

Drosera anglica Galeopsis versicolor.
Parnassia palustris. Pinguicula vulgaris
agina su a. Empetrum nigr
runus Padus. Salix soe
Rubus saxatilis. albida
[Myrrhis odorata. } Listera cordata.
Poe lage scoticum. Blysmus rufus
Crepis paludosa. Carex dioica
nnaria a Re C. limosa.
Lobelia Dortmanna. Elymus arenarius.
Pyrola media. Festuca sylvatica.
Mertensia maritima. Equisetum umbrosum.

Lamium intermedium.

This is somewhat more than a third of the total list of Northern
or Scottish species found in Ireland. — above two sets of species
Show well the boreal tendency of the flor

Th ntic or Western type is poarhy ‘represented. Species of
this group decrease northwards; thus in Scotland we find about

the number found in Ireland. The evden. ‘of this type
is at its minimum in Donegal, and, strange to say, less than to the

, in Antrim, inti the northern type is much better repre-
sented also. To this subject I will have occasion to return.

48 ON THE FLORA OF INNISHOWEN, CO. DONEGAL.

Aruantic Type.

Raphanus maritimus. Bartsia vise

Viola Curtisii Orobanche Bedace:.
bare Androsemum. Pinguicula lusitanica.
H. Elod Euphorbia portlandica.
Sedum aaa. cirpus Savii
Cotyledon Umbilicus.

Lastrea emula.
- (Daucus maritimus.) Hymenophyllum Wilsoni.
Crithmum ease.
This is less than a third of the total found in Ireland. The
carly = Innishowen Somer? a little above five hundred species.
i erm

commoner or British —

The following hav i previously been Sete from the
County Donegal, "District 11, of the ‘ Cybele Hiberni

. incana.—Sandy ground near the sea ixweds Dossieas

and Fahan.

Trifo lium arvense.—Sandy fields at Shroove, a little south -
Innishowen Head, where it was first found by W. E. Hart; also a
Ardmalin ., on the west side of Mein Head.

Rubus cesius.—Banks by the Foyle above Derry, Dr. Moore, Ord.
Surv. Rept.
+Rosa rubiginosa.—Neighbourhood of Derry ; rare, but looking
ild, W

Sium latifolium.—The locality given under District 12 in the
‘Cybele Hibernica,’ ‘‘Marsh near Culmore Point,” belongs to
District 11. It is taken from the Ordnance Survey Nat. Hist
Rept. of Derry, by Dr. Moore

Filago minima.—Sandy warren near Greencastle. Discovered

- Hart, who sent me specimens from this locality, where it
ca accompanied by Filago germanica.
ow acium crocatum.—Steep banks above the sea near Glena-
sae troecon album.—A weed at ee W. EE. 4H.

Coratophyllum demersum Linn.—In a marsh by the side of the
Foyle above Derry, Dr. Moore. ae ‘ike 8 I has been wrongly
. to District 12 in the ‘ Cybele Hibernica.’

ongst the rarities which adishowel can boast of, there is
one, Bartsia = which deserves a. Harty My friend
Dean Gwyn first drew my attention to an sual- ibeadisg: vaio

flower which he observed from the railway, and whieh proved to be
this species. I have already recorded its discovery in the pages of this
Journal, and have endeavoured to outline its distribution. This
summer Ts have, however, rp several days to a botanical

er
saw the upon Inc See and that part of the
habitat is Suitcases erroneously state

ON THE FLORA OF INNISHOWEN, CO. DONEGAL. 49

From near the brick-kiln at Burnfoot, its eastern limit, the
Bartsia extends across the fields and partly ae swamps to
the west of the second embankment (half a mile south of east

Inch Road) Senge it just crosses; a smal of a mile and two-
thirds, On the north it is bounded by the Lough Sw willy Railway,
which it barely crosses a little north of fram foot Station, and along
which it reaches for about a mile and a half west of Burn oot. To

Carrownamaddy Meeting-House, and does not appear to cross
westwards the main road to Inch from Carrownamaddy. The
whole area over which the plant extends is about a square mile,
and all of this is land which Rigsticely was below high-water mark.
Some of this land has never been broken up, and was left t
Nature after it was reclaimed. On this the Bartsia is not so
naira on fields which have been cropped it is piegercie!
abundant. The crops have chiefly been flax and o and the
land 9 been reclaimed above thirty years. At one aan I was
inclined to eae that the plant might have been introduced
with flax, a that seems unreasonable, since the flax-seed comes
from Belgium or Riga, north, I believe, of the range of the plant,
and if so introduced, or introduced with any crops, it would
certainly have appeared as a colonist elsewhere. Flax is a frequent
crop in Donegal; moreover, the seeds are too small, I think,
likely to be introduced by any of the usual means by which
colonists are transported. I have ——— it possible that some of
the numerous ducks, geese, or waders, which resort here in great
numbers in the autumn months, may hive touched at Dumbarton
or in the Clyde estuary on their southerly migration, and _trans-
ported the capsule ey — of its sticky Sat sepals. This is
only guesswork, but and others attach importance to this
very means of disp ace “Leaving such pera se I am still of
— a hoe lant grew in smaller quantities on the old coast-
argin, ar it, and has ipsalt far and wide over this so suitable
an area. em ait occurring now upon ground above the old coast-
line is not coer important, since places formerly perhaps fit
for it bas w been much drained, altered, and cultivated, so as to
drive the unk sictiekeds to its newly-made home. is has he
neon = Se case with Potamogeton “paren and Ruppia maritima
eatin of the Bartsia. It will s strange that a con-
maou Siok plant like the Groen’ species has not been
recorded before now; it may be thought that this is a proof of its
recent appearance, but this part of Innishowen does not appear to
ave been visited by botanists, nor does it look interesting. The
plant, whatever its origin, does not seem to have spread within the
last two years, as it oe easily have done, but it is perhaps more
see eee it grow
I think, sss interesting, and throw some light on the
question, if I describe the flora of this reclaimed land. The soil is
and yields good crops and pasturage, but is imperfectly drained

* ‘Origin of Species,’ 6th edn., p. 328, et post.

50 ON THE FLORA OF INNISHOWEN, CO. DONEGAL.

and intersected by deep occ dykes leading into main drains
whose fall is quite insufficient to do more than partially carry off
the surplus water. The water of two small, but sometimes much
ooded, streams, empties itself into this estuary, the one from low
lands southwar s towards Derry, the other from a valley running

are chiefly : in the drains Pot aa pectinatus, P. pusillus, Ruppia
maritima, Myriophyllum alterniflorum, and Ranunculus heterophyllus ;
and more sparingly, Utricularia vulgaris, Myriophyllum spicatum,
and Zannichellia palustris. On the sides of the dit ches and else-

would confine the range for a wide area of some of the above to
the same grounds as the Havitie.
ere is a similarly reclaimed estuary, upon a smaller scale,
a couple of miles south of Inch Island along the same shore of
Lough Swilly, called Blanket Nook, which I s earched for Bartsia
without success, and I am convinced the plant is confined to the
area pape tg
I may add that I have made fruitless oe of all persons in
the neighbourho od el seemed likely to be able to give any

a recently submerged flat? Bartsia viscosa belongs to a grou
which probably Cece! at a wiped ical period north of its
present limit along the European co

In the foregoing remarks I pee. ‘expressed my belief that
Bartsia is native in Donegal; and I am able to show that,
though so very local in Ireland, it is one which we should
not be surprised to meet in Donegal. It is one of those south
and south-west European species which extend up the west coast
of Great Britain, failing in numbers as oe travel norte
until a few only have found a hom otland. These ar
classed together by Watson in ie Atlantic or Western rns. and
the group is well represented in most of the maritime counties

a

SHORT NOTES. 51

of Ireland. Considering the extent of coast-line and the mild-
ness of the Donegal climate, it is remarkable that this type is
here at its weakest in Ireland. I expect, however, that
exploration in the west and south-west of the county will strengthen
the list. Most of the “Atlantic” plants which reach Scotland
occur throughout Ireland, Sinapis monensis alone being entirely
absent. Of those in Scotland some are oe Pleat 5 several get no
further north than the Clyde Estuary (District XII. of Watson’s
‘ Cybele Britannica’), while two have a further range to Dumbarton
and its proximity (District XVI., pain These two are Carum
verticillatum d Bartsia ee and all these more northern
‘“ Atlantic” plants in Scotland, excepting Bartsia, have also been
found in the extreme north of Ireland. e range of Carum
affords a strictly parallel case. It is commonly found associated
with Bartsia in Kerry and Cork, the latter being the more abundant
abe though not previously found elsewhere in Ireland. On the
western side of Great Britain, from Cornwall and ~ ‘Devon to
Dumbarton, to which they are sbristly 0 confined, their range is local
and similar. But Carwm is found in the north of Ireland, about

agai elfast, b ) else in Ireland. at
occurrence of Bartsia might have been reasonably predicted in the
north or north-east of Ireland; and, having been found, the
parallelism is complete.

(To be continued).

SHORT NOTES.

RaNUNCULUS oPHIOGLOssIFoLIvs In Enoianp.—In the summer of
1878 I collected near Hythe, South Hants, a —* of what, at
a glance, I took to be a very broad-leaved form . Flammula,

and, in consequence of the large number of vies plants then
gatiieced, it was dried ae sorted away, as such, without further
examination. A short o Icame across the specimen, an
then found it to be R. ome glossifolius. It differs, however, from
the continental plant by its less strongly tubercled carpels. The
distribution of this species, as given in Nyman’s ‘ Conspectus,’
shows it to be a likely plant to occur in Britain, as it reaches north
to Gotland, and is found throughout France ee the Channel
Islands) ; it also extends over the greater part of Southern Europe.
The out-of-the-way place in which the plant grows in Hampshire
makes it improbable that it was introduced, although it did not
occur in great quantity, and was only noticed over a ee area.
Of course the occurrence of a plant in Jersey gives it no claim to
be considered ‘‘ British’’; and I think it is to 1 ae that our
Flora should be pttificially a enlarged by the addition of species only
occurring in what is geographically and botanically a part of France.

52 SHORT NOTES.

The Faroe inlends seem to come more naturally within our district,

and it seems worth considering whether, as has been suggested, the
a of these Islands are best dealt with in ‘ Floras’ including
the Shetlands.—H. Gro

New Irisx Rust.—Quite recently I submitted to Prof. Renee
Saee : by Mr.

Stew y
constitute district 12 of the ‘ Cybele Hibernica.’ The results of his
investigation proved of extreme interest, yielding at least six species
itherto unrecorded from any part of Ireland. These were :—
rhamnifolius W. & N., Blackhead, Co. Antrim; R. hirtifolius Mull.
So sperpagee Kaltenb.), Knock, Co. Down, and Lagan Canal, near
Belfast ; Grabowskii Weihe (carpinifolius Borr.), second es
Lagan Canal, near Belfast, Co. Antrim ; R. Lejeunit Weihe, h
between Dunadry and Tem a ego ag Co. Antrim; R. mucronu-
latus Borr., Whiterock, Belfas a < trim ; R. foliors Agia

qu arries, Belfa 06: ntrim, and Newt wionbreda, ni Dowii At
oe Tate’s Sak recorded from this district in ‘ Cybele,’ p p. 90, is

B. macrophyllus W. & N.—see i Rubi,’ p. 157). &.
Salteri Bab. (typical) occurs in a wood at Shrigley, Co. Down

var. B. ate Blox., as found frequently in the Co. nos! by the
late Dr. David Moore. . carpinifolius W. ., first recorded
from the North- East by myself in July last (vide J ourn. Bot., 1882,
p

on
R. villicaulis W. & H., for which only a single locality is given in
the ‘Cybele,’ has also comparatively wide range in Co. Antrim,
and likewise extends into Co. Down.—Txos. H. Corry.

warded the same, pronounces them to be Dasya venusta, and this
opinion is corroborated by Mrs. Merrifield ; 3280 ~ I think there
can be no doubt about the correctness of the name. Mr. Grattan
mentions in his ‘ British Marine Algw’ that shite plant is occasion-
ally cast ashore on the coast of Sussex, and Mr. Holmes informs
me that he finds in Mrs. J. KE. Gray’s peeooraina in the Cambridge
Museum specimens of the same plant, gathered at Swanage and
Studland in August, 1861. I think theirs that we may now
fairly claim the plant as a British species. Mr. Grattan says it is

REPORT OF THE HERBARIUM OF THE ROYAL GARDENS, KEW, FoR 1881. 58

common in Jersey. Bournemouth is at times a very good place for
Alge. Last summer I found on the beach between Muddiford and
Poole fine specimens of Halymenia Ligula, Sporoenates eT eae
Arthrocladia villosa, and Champia parvula ; - also Paonia atomart

lass, I have said Bournemouth is at times a noe lace for Alge,
because a and days pass yon anything worth speaking of
being cast up.—THomas Wax

Epreogum apHyLium (p. 26).—In acl reference to Prof. gd s
note on the habitat of this plant in a certain wood near Ludlow,
permit me to say that the wood lies on both sides the ee Os -line
between Shropshire and Hacdicuhis, there being a very con-
siderable portion on the Shropshire side; and as the jay who

reasons, Otherwise it would not be difficult to show that the pro-
babilities are as much in favour of one county as the other.—
mLiaM Puiutes. [Prof. Babington learns that he was mis-
informed. The station for ae Bran is in Shropshire, very near
the borders of the county. He is sorry for this error, into which he
was led by information given ini at Ludlow.—Ep, Journ. Bor.]

Abstracts,

REPORT OF THE EF so. ee ig ROYAL GARDENS,
+ HOR
By Sm J. A Bae a bey 0

Principal additions—Under this head nee gifts of great
interest and value require prominent mention :—1. The collection
of dried fungi belonging to the late Wester Currey, M.A.,

-R.S., Treasurer of the Linnean Society, presented by his
executors in accordance with his wish. This collection, although
not yery large, is of great value, as it seine the types of many
haces Vaderihe d by Mr. Currey. 2. The European herbarium of
the late George Curling Joad, F.L.5., ‘of Oakfield, Wimbledon

os
Mr. Joad, consisting of plants collected. by himself for the most

part in South hern and Central Europe; 2, a general European
herbarium, formed of published sets of dad plants. 8. The
British herbarium of the late H. C. Watson, of Thames Ditton,

presented by J. G. Baker, Esq., F.R.S. Thi his herbarium, which
will always have a classical interest to ntadenits of British botany,

54 REPORT OF THE HERBARIUM OF THE ROYAL GARDENS, KEW, For 1881.

will, like that of Mr. Borrer, be kept as a separate collection apart
from the general herbarium. Besides = dried plants, Mr. Baker
also presented to Kew a selection from Mr. Watson’s books and the
beautifully kept manuscript collections for his various published
works, which have oe been carefully bound for the libra
e following is a list of the names of the other principal
contributors to the Etasien during 1881 :—
Evrore.—Arnold, Dr. F.; lichens (147). Berkeley, Rev.
M. J.; 63 drawings of Agaricinea, &c. Buda-Pesth, Herbarium

“mosses (25). = aay miscellaneous fungi (204, fps
Lacaita, C. C.; y (10.) Larbalestier, C.; lichens (80, pur-
chased). (Seca Dr. C.; Italian Hepatice (22, purchased).
ties Prof. D.; British () meee Wm. ; eae _Elwellacet

Cinchone 18) nas Dr. ; Indian bam 008 (2). Cantley, N.;

O.; Java (106, pur Amen Ford, Chas. ; Hongkon
China plants (66), also a collected in Szechuen by Col. Mesny
(22). Hance, Dr.; China, dc. (3). Johnston, Surgeon-Major
J ; Afghan (41). King, G.; Indian ( aximowicz, OC
de ; China, &c. (2). Murray, Jas. A. Alge from Kurrachee (80)

W m, R.N.; China (7). Puckle, Major-General
; 90 drawings Indian iliprins &e. el, Dr.; Central Asia

Reg
(1). Sander, Messrs.; Philippines (1). Schweinfurth, Dr. G.;
South Arabia (82). Siatenie. and Rigo, Messrs.; Cyprus (986,
has Hon. C.; Perak (5) and Antiaris. Trimen,
r. H.; Ceylon (1). Veitch, Messrs.; Curtis’s Archipelago
plants (111). Veitch, Messrs.; Wallis’s 5 Phitispities (and N.
Granada) plants See Watt, Dr. G.; India (88). Zohrab,
fol ere a (357).

rg
7
oO
or)

&
TR
pe
°

: —Ascherson, Dr. P. (1). Bolus, Ha Cape of Good
] . ; ; pe o 00

Hope. “Boidkee, Col. ; Natal (2). Cosson, Dr E. ; Algeria (196),
Morocco (82). Edinburgh, Royal Botanic Garden; Shire High-
lands collected by J. Buchanan (688). Floyer, E. A.; Egypt (15).
urst, H. A.; Egypt and Nubia (10). Kirk, Sir John; East
Tropical Africa, and Johanna (23).

3
ee (416). Saunders, Kat anode Natal (875). Schwein-

.; Bocotra. Tyson, W.; Cape ‘@ d H
Wood, J. M.; Natal phanerogams (463), fungi (38). saoe

Wivkierna anp Mapacascar.—Baron, Rey. R.; Madagascar

THE ROYAL BOTANICAL GARDEN, GLASNEVIN, DUBLIN. 55

(633). Bewster, C. E. oe tae ( Fig Hildebrandt, J. M.;
Madagascar (42, purchased}: Horn Mauritius (2). Parker,
De. -G: adagascar (420, a eaktedy Veitch, Messrs. ;
Curtis’s Maiagascar plants (20).

Norts America.——Allen, T. (10). Bennett, A.; (5).
ere ke H.; South United Sites (300, purchased). Davenport,

mee Un ited States Filices (8). rere Dr. ; Alge@ (50).
ecna > : Canad da (2). Gray, Prof. Asa; N. ira ic (28),
and Schiiffine r’s Mexican collection (719). Greene, E. L.; New
Mexico (201, ye wee Haydon, Walter; paaates Bay (128).
Hemsley, W. B.; Mexico (10). Jones, M. E.; Utah (6). Lemmon,
7: oe "Arizona (20), Markham, Capt.; Vancouver's Island.
Mott, F. T?: n (7). Palmer, Dr. Edward; Mexico and
Texas (1442, perce 151, presented). Ravenel; American
fungi (200, purchased). - ‘Sargent, C.§.; N. American (8). Watson,
Sereno ; Florida (2).

est Inpres anp Guiana.—Eaton, Prof.; Bermuda ferns (10).

Eggers, Baron; St. Thomas, Dominic &e. (200, purchased ;

; Fuioe- De: -G, :
A.; Trinidad (807, purchased), Jenman, G. 8.; Jamaica (5).
Morris, D.; Jamaica (105). Nicholls, Dr. H. A.; Dominica (2).
oc i 3 Prestoe, H.; Trinidad (9 )).

outa America.—Foreign Office ; Paraguay, caret bo sp.
ieee An; a poe mosses (10). Glazion, A.; Brazil (620).
New Granada (93). Lorentz, Dr. P. G.; Uruguay

3. phased ag Messrs. ; pee Fe &e. (17). ’ Schrader,
hased).

AUSTRALIA ie n,C. H.; sundry eryptogamia (20). rri-
field, Mrs. a P.. : The (5). Maat Sir F.; 8 ieee
and 101 fun

ae ae —Cheeseman, T. F, (44). Hector, Dr. (10).

Pou —Depariment, Agriculture, U.S.A., Wilkes’ Grasses
(95). Storck, J. P.; Fiji (9).

THE ROYAL BOTANICAL GARDEN, GLASNEVIN, DUBLIN.

Tue ‘ Twenty-ninth Report of the Science and Art Department

of the pera of Council on Education,’ dated 8rd July, 1882,
tely come into our hands. We find in it a report of the con-
dition of the Botanic Garden, Glasnevin, Dublin, which in some
a is gi unsatisfactory. The Garden itself, as every
who has ted it knows, is maintained in a high state of
eiency by the goad Curator, Mr. F. W. Moore; but the fol-
lowing statement by Dr. W. R. Me Nab, the Professor of Botany at the
Royal College of Science, will show that there are matters connected
ith the Gardens which require immediate attention. Dr. MeNab

:—‘ The want of a proper library, herbarium, museum, and
ces, Was prominently browght "before the —_ at their visita-
tion on the 11th of March, 1881. An uilding to replace the

present oifices and temporary museum is pt oe for the accommo-

56 NOTICES OF BOOKS.

duliiaie first, of a ee sponaner second, a museum of such
parts of plants a nnot be prs rved in the herbarium; ; third, a
ae le tibrasy: : pei fourth, waite offices. At present the
herbarium is kept in the office. The plants are merely tied up in
undles, are very difficult of — ee to injury from damp,

e rd

without delay. Part of the collection Mirae should properly be at
the garden is at present stored in the Museum of Science and Art,
and I think that steps should be taken to render the late Admiral
Jones’s collection of lichens accessible to the student.” Dr. McNab
calls attention to the deficiencies of the library, instancing as
examples of books required the recent volumes of the ‘ Botanical
agazine,’ which is complete down to 1878, the ‘Flora pe.
traliensis,’ the ‘ Flora of British India,’ and the « Journal of th
Linnean Society,’ Such a state of affairs is hardly matifle to
the chief botanical salahualeaont in Ireland. his
statement with pe sentence :——‘‘ Botanical science is but little
appreciated in Ireland, and it is only by having a properly equipped
botanical establishment that any impetus will be given to the
study of the subject.
oore bears out this melancholy iced to the ame |
state of things :—‘‘ The plants,” he says, ‘‘are tied in bundles,
put where room can be found for them. The place is so ds sy
that many valuable plants were completely ere during the year,
d they must continue to deteriorate unless suitable cases be
os. ~ them
n from Mr. Moore that the Herbarium contains, among
other collections, a large series of Irish Phanerogams and Ferns,
formed by the late Dr. Moore, and of especial value in connection
with the ‘Cybele Hibernica’; a full collection of Irish Musci and
Hepaticw, mounted and arranged—the latter prepared for micro-
scopical examination; collections of Irish Lichens and Mosses,
formed by Dr. taylor and Admiral Jones ; Kuropean Hepatice and
Mosses, from Lindley, a? — and G. EK. Hunt;
and other plants from various parts of Eur We trust that
something may be done, and that “without Galay, to save the
siesionn from the ruin which seems impending.

Nottees of Books.

Origine des Plantes Cultivées. Par Aupn. DeCanpotue. Paris
Bailliére, 1883 [1882].

Tris most useful and interesting volume demands = ——
complete notice than the present demands upon our s
permit us to bestow upon it. We are glad to know Bok 4 an
English edition is in active preparation, and we shall delay until

NOTICES OF BOOKS. 57

its appearance any remarks which weurge themselves. But
may say briefly that M. DeCandolle has here worked out the
history, ancient and modern, so far as it can be ascertained, of all
hain plants of importance, amounting in number to nearly
very page bristles with interesting iota and details
subject ; and the number and variety of the

groups. hundred and sixty-nine out of the 247 species enume-
rated are placed by M. DeCandolle in his first group, which he
d gr

seen by numerous botanists far from houses and cultivation,
having all the appearance of indigenous plants, and under a form
identical with one of the vatckinn -guitiv ated. These number
169: of them are of very ancient cultivation; 56 have been
cultivated less than 2000 years, and the others are ‘of watssserea or
ae: date.” The remaining 78 species are grouped as

II. Seen and collected in the same conditions, but by only one
hotanint and in only one locality—3.
- Cucurbita maxima, Maba vulgaris,+ Nicotiana Tabacum.

IIt. Seen and mentioned, but not collected, in the same
conditions, by one or two more or less ancient non-botanical
authors, who may have been mistaken—2.

Carthamus tinctorius, Triticum vulgare.

IV. Collected wild by —— in several localities, under a
form slightly differing from those cultivated, but which most
authors would not hesitate to tank as the same spesaacel

Olea europea, Oryza sativa, Solanum tuberosum, Vitis vinifera.

Wild, collected by botanists in several localities, under
forms considered by the authors as Pe asia different species,
although others treat them as varieties—15.

Allium Ampeloprasum Porrum, "Widicsan Endivia
Crocus sativus var., *Cucumis Melo, Cucurbita Teg.
Helianthus tuberosus, Lactuca Scariola sativa, Linum

usitatissimum annuum, Lycopersicum esculentum, ie, ptt
miata

somniferum, Pyrus nivalis var., *Ribes Grossularia,
tee Solanum oo *Spinacia oleracea var., Triticum

monococcu
Vi Bec cce that is to say, almost wild, resembling
one of the forms cultivated, but with the possibility that they may
have — from cultivation, owing to local causes—24.

+ The cised species are of — ape culture : those preceded by * have
been caltiouean for less than 2000 y

58 NOTICES OF BOOKS,

Agave aay were Amaranthus aren apereiad: mynd See
Areca Catechu, *Avena orientalis, Avena sativa, *Cajan'
indicus, Cicer arietinun, Citrus Paraite a, pee bite
mos¢ chata, Dioscorea japonica, Ervum Ervilia, Lens,
Fagopyrum emarginatum, Gossypium ie po Holeus
a packaead io Sorghum, ee tinctoria, Lepidium
sativum, a arundinacea, Nicotiana — Panicum
miliaceum, rier eae sativus, Boeegals arvensi

VIL. Subspontaneous like the preceding, but in a form so far
different from the cultivated varieties that most authors regard
them as distinct species—

* Allium ascalonicum (for rm of A. Cepa?), *Scorodoprasum

(form of d. ee ?), Secale cereale (form of one of some
perennial Secale

gee a lscovored in a wild or even in a subspontaneous
hayin erhaps originated since the beginning o e
ses a of = Ress but too different ask to be usually regarded as
species—
Hersiawn hevastichon (derived from H. distichon?), H. vulgare
pate from H. distichon ’), "T riticum Spelia (derived from
vulgare ?),

see discovered in a wild, or even in a subspontaneous
state, but origina aes from insufficiently explored countries, an
likely to become united later on with wild species, at present not |
well known, from onas Solnier ies—6.
Arachis hypogea, Caryophyllus aromaticus, cece beg Batatas,
* Dolichos Lubia, Manihot utilissima, Phaseolus vulgaris.

X. Not discovered in a wild, or even in a ecason state,
but originally from insufficiently explored countries,
ying of the same nature which are somewhat indefinite, more
tinct than the preceding from known species—-18.
Segue Konjak, Arracacha esculenta, Brassica chin-
ensis, Capsicum annuum, Chenopodium Quinoa, Citrus

Bt
phelium Litchi, * Pisum sativum, Saccharum epee ge
Sechium edule, * Trichosanthes anguina, Zea Mai

We hope to return later to, and to give further eres’ * ions

this very important contribution to our knowledge of the history
of cultivated plants.

The Botanical _ rrr Club of the British Isles. Jotes on “ plants
gathered 1881. y F. Arno p LEx s, M.R.C.S.,
R. 7c. L.S. Manchester: James Collins Dee’) 1882.

THE 1881 py is distinctly wanting in the interest which
momen 5 —s to the issues of the eet Club. There is an
almost entire absence of the critical notes by more or less com-
petent pacrvoes which have hitherto rendered the Reports valuable

NOTICES OF BOOKS. 59

to ss botanists, and which we have from year to year trans-
to our columns. On this occasion we find little which we can
ssiohed ly ee, shou the notes on the specimens distributed
will be to those who possess the plants to which they
refer’ Mr. Varenne sends examples of Brassica Briggsii from
Penzance (see Journ. Bot., 1881, p. 360); Dr. neta _— that
Rubus eee recorded by Mr. Melvill as occ n Kent
(Journ. Bot., 1881, p. 251), is ‘‘ naturalised in ane ne ces
Arran” : the ‘hybrid __ (Carduus palustris x heterophyllus), which
My. Jenner called C. Carolorum, has been cultivated at Balmuto, a

reports Daphne Mezereum “ amongs hes on a steep, hill-
side, apparently truly wild, near Alstonfield, Stafford.” Of an
Alopecurus sent inton from ‘“ Bottesford to Belvoir

astle, Leicester, Mr. Lees says ‘‘ 1 have examined it carefully, and

wn, and
creeping runners, I call it nigricans, Hornem.” Mr. Leefe says of
a Willow sent by ae reese from Tattenhall, Wolverhampton, ‘1 —
aaas your plant to be Salix holosericea Willd. ., not Hook. I
never saw a Baitish we before’; and Dr. Boswell confirms
this identification. We are sorry to see that Mr. Lees adds a new
synonym to the interesting sedge —— and described by Mr.
idles Vourn, Bot. 1881, p. 97, tab. 2 ee as Carex pilulifera, var.
esit. r. Lees now calls this sient ** C. pilulifera, var. saxumbra
: eee (1880), This is erroneous ; Mr. Lees published the plant,
not as a variety, but as a species, ‘with the specific name Saxumbra.
If retained as a species, that name must of course stand, although
Mr. Lees himself has since quoted it has ‘ C. Leest sii Ridley ” (see
Journ. Bot. 1882, p. 98); but if the ant 3 is a variety of pilulifera,
there is no coals of setting Mr. Ridley’s name aside. Dr.
Boswell notes upon the specimens sent (from the original —s
at ote to the Club—* Certainly a most remarkable for
the glumes are so totally unlike those of ordinary pilulifera. "it
ae aes the plants should be cultivated to see if it be not

The Colours of Flowers as illustrated in the British Flora. By Grant
Auten. London: Macmillan. 1882.

Tus is a very readable ttle volume, ba contents = Poko
have already appeared in ‘ Nature,’ and are now reprin an t
‘Nature Series.’ The opening chapter is asvcbel to the statenlant
of a theory that petals are derived from flattened and abortive
len

stamens. Mr. Allen puts this view Solo us with much immaie

ut we 46 not think botanists will be convinced that the generally
accepted theory has been disproved. The bulk of the little sebbatne
is occupied with a very interesting analysis of the colours of o
British flowering plan Allen considers ‘all ers
were in their earliest form yellow; then some of them became
white ; at, a few of them grew to be re

60 NOTICES OF BOOKS.

lilac, mauve, violet, or blue”: these last being the most highly
developed. It is unnecessary to say that Mr. Allen tells his story
in an attractive manner; and his conclusions follow naturally
enough if we ‘accept the eat upon which they are based. But
Mr. Allen’s notions of the colour of many flowers seems to us far
from accurate. We do not Siva with him in thinking that the
petals of the cherry are “ omen | deeply tinged with pink’ (p. 80) ;
we should not call the flow ser Lo te Dortmanna “ sky blue’’ or
those of L. wrens *‘ dingy inipie” (p. 48); it is not the ‘ throat,”
but 9 upper lip, of Linaria spuria, that is ‘* purple” (p. rete the
flowers of Hesperis — are not ‘‘a fine purple” (p. 44); the
red of the apple-blossom is more than a ‘slight blush’’ (p. 75).
ese are small taktans and would be of no importance did not
Mr. Allen base theories upon them. Thus he says, ‘‘ Sometimes
un

this the little milkwort (Polygala vulgaris) affords an excellent
example, for it is cone ries white, usually pink, and frequently
blue. Here we may fairly regard the pink as the normal hue,
while the white is doubtless due to reversion, and the blue to
‘progressive modification, not yet fully selected by insects; so that
in all probability it is now actually in course of acquiring a new
colour” (p. 74). We think it would be paid oe that the
ilkwort is more frequently blue than any other r. Allen
speaks of ‘‘ Cephalanthera grandiflora and most other British species”
of Orchids as being “‘ very diversified in sore ; his description of
Aceras anthropophora as having ‘‘ green s and etals, edg
with red, and a caeaie lip, eq? fringed” ( A 70) would convey ie
any one who did not’ know the plant a by no means accura
impression. He telly us that ‘floating plants tend as a rule ‘0
ecome green-flowered’’ (p. 102); but this rule is surely ‘‘ more
honoured in the breach than in the observance’’ when we take into
t such floating plants as the water-lilies, Hydrocharis,
Limnanthemum, Polygonum ampbibium, Hottonia, Alisma natans,
Batrachium, and Utricularia. It appears to us that Mr. Allen is
little prone to bend facts so as to fit them in with his own theories.
He might well take a lesson from Mr. Darwin in this matter; and
his Sphichanions will be more valuable ‘tt they are based on a larger
amount of observation.

A Handbook of Cinchona Culture. By Karent Weset von GorKom,
formerly Chief Inspector of Cultures i in the Netherlands Hast
Indies. Translated ee Jackson, Secretary
of the innean Society of oe Am cote ane
London: Triibner. 1883 [1882]. oe pp. [viii.] 2

Tue indefatigable Secretary of the Linnean Society a fo und
time, in spite of his numerous duties, to translate this important
book from the original Dutch. The title, although correct so far as
it goes, hardly gives a fair idea of the work, which deals not only

with the culture of Cinchona, but includes its early history,

NOTICES OF BOOKS. 61
descriptions of the various species, an account of the introduction

a,
subjects ; as well as—last, but certainly not least in importance—a
capi ital index, for which the “acl ipcheiiy is, we believe, to be thanked.

thus be seen that, although the work is thus rac
intended for the use of those engaged in the cultivation of Cinchon
it yet deserves also to find a place on the shelves of the student of
applied botany.
It is a little disappointing to find the author saying, ‘‘ We do
not attempt a bibliography of the su meet Cinchona’’: these

have been glad if Mr. Jackson had seen his way to give something
of the kind in an appendix, for which his ‘ Vaatahle Technology’
would have afforded material sufficient for a basis. y three
works are recommended for consultation—a selection which seems

ufficient. Cinchona Ledgeriana, which has been

Trimen’s description of the plant as a species—showing that
ve translator does not confine himself to the information given by
an Gorkom

The volume i is beautifully got up, zs the typographical errors
are very few, considering that the work was printed abroad.
eh to but a small circle, it is ae Ye be wondered at that the
bis expensive; but its general style leaves little doubt in the

d that those who take an active interest in Cinchona culture
will find this ‘ Handbook’ indispensable.

WE have received a copy of the new edition of Dr. Smiles’s 8
‘ Life of a Scotch Naturalist, Thomas Edward, A.L.S.’ (London
Murray, 1882), from which the ‘ Fauna of Banffshire’ is omitted:

ay,
the Ale reader, however, is more than compensated for the
scare re) nee ne the addition of a new preface, containing much

ter, ne portions of an e address
lately dedtvered by Edward to the boys of a school near
Liverpool. Mr. - aid’s botanical collection came to an untimely

end. In 1845, when ‘“ oe went to overhaul the box’ which con-

—‘* he oo that the lid had been shoved to one side, and
that oh numerou s had entered it and made it their lair:
plants were ject soaked and rendered utterly worthless.”
Although he replaced them “to a certain extent,’’ he does not
seem "i have davetel special ee = cotihsr ed after this. Not
the least Se scikable circumstance ted with this most
interesting volume is the fact that no nine ies Pi translations

in a recent (December) newspaper the announcement that Mr.
dward has resigned the eee of the Banff Museum, which
he had held for thirty ye

62 NOTICES OF BOOKS.

contains, as might be expected, many additions to Britten and
Holland’s ‘ Dictionary of English Plant-Names,’ vibe by the same
Society, and is very carefully done. Mr. Friend quotes from a mem
book a sentence—‘‘ The eects” pissin as a medicine in
fevers,’’——and says, ‘‘ it nal be interesting to know exactly wit
flower is meant.” There is little doubt but that the Tormentil
( Potentilla 1 Tormentilla) is intended, and Mr. Friend’s idea that the
name has some allusion to Thor must, we fear, be abandoned.

The last part (Vol. II., part 3) of the ‘ Transactions of the
m

portrait, of Samuel Pickworth Woodward, by his son, Mr, Horace
B. ard, Although chiefly known by his’ ‘ History of
Mollusea,’ Mr. 8. P. Woodward, devetiallg | in early life, paid some
Melba to botany. When about fifteen, he was employed by
Dawson Turner in the arrangement of his herbarium, and he
Bahari ‘formed a large and valuable herbarium himself,

Woodwardii ; this was found by Mr. Woodward, near Swindon, in
1848. He was born at Norwich, on Sept. 17th, 1821, and died at
Herne Bay, July 11th, 1865. Other papers of botanical interest
are, ‘ fay Lombardy Poplar and its destruction in Norfolk in the
winter of 1880’: by Herbert D. Geldart; and ‘ Lists of Norfolk
eicdaace and Characes,’ by Arthur Bennett, F.L.8. The local
character of these Transactions is a very satisfactory feature.

ARTICLES IN JOURNALS.

Annales des Sciences Nat. (6 Sér. xiv. nos. 5 & 6.—Dec.). —
L. Mangin, ‘ Origine et insertion des racines adventives’ (tt. 9-16,
concluded). — E. Fournier, ‘ Sur les Asclépiadées americaines ’

ds
barjoniefolia, e: reer A. ramosa, Z Virletit, A. grandiflora,
} ridgesit

an.
dives de mouvement ‘de pg dans les ace ay ving,
‘Sur le transport de l’eau dans le bois. —J. H oe guar
du departement de Vancluse’ (Requienella, gen. nov.).

Botanische Zeitung. — T. W. Engelmann, cigs — Assimi-
lation. —H. G. Reichenbach, ‘ Spir a euphlebia,”’

Seawitiohe Centralblatt. — E. Russow, ‘ Zur aes des
Holzes, insonderheit des Coniidetenhiolaen’ (6 ~ 8).

ull. Soc. Roy. Bot. Belgique (xxi., pt. 2, Dec. 28). — A.

Cogniaux, ‘Note sur le genre Warea C. 3 Clarke * (the name

NOTICES OF BOOKS. 68

having been 4 seiabee ta M. Cogniaux proposes Biswarea in its

place).—M. Michel, ‘ Les plantes naturalisées ou introduites dans la
vallée de la veue? — L. Piré, ‘ Spicilége de la Flore Bryologique
de Montreux-Clarens.’—C. H. Delogne, ‘ Mosses new to Belgium.”

—Id., ‘ Calypogeia arguta in pom —M. Marchal, ‘ Direction de
la tige de 1’ Utricularia intermedia,’ —C. Delogne & Th. Durand, ‘ Les
Mousses de la Flore Hégeoise.’ — A. Déséglise, ‘ Menthe Opiziane.’
—Th. Durand, ‘ Découvertes Botaniques faites pendant 1882.’

Bull. Mensuel de la Soe. Linnéenne de Paris, No. 41.— H.
Baillon, ‘Les Orchidées a colonne tordue.’ —Id., ‘La fleur des
Pervenches’ (Vinca).—Id., ‘ Sur les limites du genre Genista.’—Id.,
‘La corolle des Corrigiola.’ —Id., ‘La a sygénérie des ss bili web
—Id., ‘ Les fleurs males du Sie, yosperma gracile. —— L. Dur: ‘La
fens des A miyginateen. ’"_-Id., ‘ Les étamines des gr — Shik d 42.

. Franchet, ia quelques Delphinium de la Chine’ (D. Callerii,
D. Savatieri, spp. nn.).——H. Baillon, ‘ Liste des lakes de Mada-
genus ( Fe easlacas and Dilleniaced : Claes vigenssier be . Sp. ).—-

Id., ‘L’Hermaphroditisma apparent oe ous Ka dd,
‘Sur le section Torquearia du u genre Genipa.’—Id., ‘ Disséoninatici
des graines du T’amus communis.’ —Id., ‘ ’Sbie es Clématites a pré-
pias imbriquée.’ —Id., « La Polyembryonie du Dompte-Venin’

Vincetoawicum officinale).

Bulletin of Torrey Botanical Club (Dec.).— E. L. Greene,
* Holozonia filipes.’ —_ L. Scribn ner, ‘ — collected by C. C.
Pringle in Arizona and California’ see — 8. H. Wright,
‘New variety (npr) of Carex a Meehan, ‘ Pro-
lification in the a

Flora (Jan. pit ont ge ‘Untersuchungen iiber den Safte-
druck der Piesea® (contd.).——H. 7 Reichenbach, j
euphlebia,’ D: n., from Brazil.—(Jan. 1 . Miller, ‘ Lichenolo-

gische Beitriige xvii.’ (Australian ad “New Zealand Lichens :
Cladonia squamulosa, Ramalina lacerata, R. seit Nephromium
tropicum, Sticta flavissima, spp. nn.). — (Jan K. Kutscher,
Ueber die dun er Gerbsaure r
Pflanze’ (2 plates).—J. Miiller, ‘ Lichenologische Beitrage xvii.
(cont. : Ricasolia Hartmanni, Parmelia pruinata, P. xanthomelana,
spp. nn.).

Gardeners’ Chronicle (Jan. 6).—‘ Masdevallia porcelliceps Rehb. f.,
sp.n.; Anthurt ium crassifolium N. r.,sp.n.; Schauerta flavicoma
N. E. Br.’ — (Jan. 13). N. E. "Bro wn, ‘Cross-fertilisation of
Justicia campylostemon T. And.’ —Id., ‘A wild double Oxalis’ (0.
semiloba), Pinus contorta (fig.); ‘ List of Garden Orchids’ (Calogyne

.Contd.); ‘ Vitis gongylodes’ (fig.). — (Jan. 20). N. E. Brown,
Haplocarpha Leichtlinii,"n. sp. ( ‘Gorteria. dckela Hort.) ; ee
excelsa SS dered ee Masdevallia torta Rehb. f., sp. n.; Lipari

chb. f. ; Primula floribunda Wall. (fig.) ; P. presiar

Hardwicke’s Science-Gossip.—C. B. Plowright, ‘ British Bramble
Pircoamen? (illustrated).
Magyar Névénytani Lapok (Dec.).— J. Pantocsek, ‘ Notule

64 BOTANICAL NEWS.

pre revie de novis Hungarie plantis’ (Anthyllis carpets Knautia
Kossuthii, spp. nn.).
Michelia (Dec. ).—O. Penzig, ‘ Funghi Agrumicoli. —A. Berlese,

‘ Index fungorum italicorum
ce re . a Sg ardo’ ae —1280).—P. A. Sac ccardo, ‘ Fungi Veneti
v. Mycologie Venete addendi (adjectis nonnullis

ete onets) Series xiii.’—Id., ‘ Fungi boreali-americani.’—Id.,
- © Fungi gallici

Midland Ne aturalist.—M. J. Berkeley, ‘On Underground Ee:

6 plates). — G. C. Druce, ‘ Visit to Glen Clova and Callat
J. E. Bagnall, ‘ Flora of Warwickshire’ (contd.).

(Esterr. Bot. Sneak — M. Prihoda, ‘Carlo de Marchesetti’
(portrait)—A. Tomaschek, ‘Zu Darwin’s ‘‘ Bewegungsvermégen
der joe : total: ). aaiy: Hire, ‘Flora von Fiume’ (concluded).

—§. 8. Miiggenberg, ‘ Agaricus (Lepiota) Letellieri und ihm
ahnliche Fortiea. "—P. G. Strobl, ‘ Flora des Etna’ (contd.).

Botanical News.

Tue Herbarium of the late Rev. G. E. Smith has been acquired
by University College, Nottingham.

r. Marcus M. Hartoe has been appointed Professor of ae
History at Qusén’ s College, Cork.

We understand that a te ne of Sir Joseph Hooker’ 8
‘ Student’s Flora’ is in preparat

Durine the past year the University oP has purchased,
for the sum of £1250, the greater par he Herbarium of the
late Professor EK. Fries. A Scan ae echoes a ae
and a collection of mosses and alge#, also from Fries’s herbarium
have been pr sagen to the Upsala Botanical Museum by an
anonymous benefac Dr. Oscar Dickson has purchased and
Leen to the same museum the very important ir

andinavian mosses and alge formed by J. and C. Hart

Tue Herbarium of the late sige Decaisne, as well as Tage manu-
scripts and drawings, has later by his brother to the
‘ Jardin peers de Etat ’ r% Brussels.

M. ER announces his iba of publishing a work
entitled ‘ Flora Kuropea.’ It is to extend to from fifteen to eighteen
volumes, the first of which will appear during the present year,
while the whole will be Sudapleted 4 in about twelve years. e look
forward with alarm to the myriads of new and useless names which
this publication is almost certain to bring upon us

Txe first volume has been issued of a wo me upon Brazilian
Orchids, by M. J. B. Rodrigues, entitled ‘Genera et species
Orchidearum novarum.’

M. Favrat, of Lausanne, propose to publish sets of the
Rubi of the South-east of Switzerland, for which they will make
eiseiitinn during the coming summer

fee
i»

&

a
ih

> ip Bee ee ‘
ae &
patae or ee By

é

geton Griffithu A Benn.

wisene cee
erecurae

Potamo
als

rire ois? :

65

Original Articles.

TWO NEW POTAMOGETONS.
By Arraur Bennett, F.L.S.
(Tax. 235.)

Potamogeton Griffithii, n, sp.—Stem branched, 2-8 ft. long.
Lower leaves alternate, sessile, slightly clasping, strap-shaped,
none 9 the apex when ‘fre sh, entire, slightly undulated, 11-veined,

4-5 fainter veins close to the midrib, sons eatabaieet Upper :
(doating) leaves opposite, long-stalked, oblanceolate, gradually
attenuated into the long petiole, 18-17 veined with distinet

enlarged towards the centre. Spike cylindrical, he flowered.
Sepals roundish-oval, broader than long. Young fruit oval, with
the k lene the continuation of the inner edge. Ripe
fruit not seen ibmerged leaves tinged with yellowish brown.
floating lea green. Lower vaste ge 7-12 in. long, 4-2 in.
broad ; laming of the —— leaves rae jong, Ait 2-4 in,

Spike 3-1

ong.

The plant has the habit of P. prelongus wae i) floa oating
leaves much resemble those of the N. America vt Tuck. ;
the submerged, those of P. longifolius Bab. (not “of Gay 4 2 ee apex
of the leaves in P. Griffithii is decidedly boat-shaped, although not so
much so as represented in the plate. i examined most of the broad-
leaved Potamogetons in a fresh state last autumn, to see if there was
any tendency to this boat-shaped apex of the leaf, but cannot find it
in any except prelongus and Gr rifithii. There does not seem to be
any approach to floating leaves in P. prelongus among the numerous
specimens I have examined from N. pgp ee and Europe; the
nervation of the leaves and spikes Grifithii is also totally

erent. Hab. Llyn-an-Afon tie age ‘a locally as Aber taki,
near Aber, Carnarv proiahive, orth Wales, alt. 1250 feet. June,
August, October, 1882. Mr. J. E. Griffith.

W . Griffith sent me the first specimens I was strongly
inclined to refer them to P. long gifolius Bab.; but on his visiting the
locality (which is somewhat difficult of access) twice afterwards,

and kindly sending me a su ly ‘of specimens in the fresh state
and with floating leaves, I saw it could not be so referred. Later
I thought it might. possibly be a hybrid between prelongus and
r ——. though I am a a opponent of referring every
uncert ain plant to a hybrid origin; but Mr. Griffith oe

Vou. 21. [Marcu, 1883.]

66 TWO NEW POTAMOGETONS.

ingle Welsh lake, and the alteration that may take plac
janlation should be well consi ype) petnan) 2 after the evidence
. F. Day has brought together from the zoological point, t.¢.,
among the British Salmonide. Still it is impossible to refer
Mr. Griffith’s specimens to any known species of Potamogeton, and

equally so to place it under ne a as a sub-species.
tamogeton Cheesemanii, n.sp.—Stem simple (?), striated,
internodes strongly sacked by an S ebecine annulus. Lower leaves
alternate, strap-shaped, gradually attenuated into the petiole, re

ew

most coriaceous, 11-15 ast eed with very numerous cross veins,
and close areolation all over the leaf when held against the light.
Stipules broad, subacute, very translucent, and soon decaying.

spikes dense flowered, oblong-cylindrical, sepals (perianth leaves)
transversely rhombic- iiginias Fruit small, roundish ovate,
slightly esi ion carinated on the back, with a short terminal
beak. a rved to one-half its base. Lower —_ + in.

ong. in
Habitat.—New Zealand, St. John’s Lake, Novth Island, Decem-
ber, 1881 ; Me? ~. a Cheeseman, to whom I am indebted for a
fine series of the
ed s mia from Mr. Kirk are in the Herbarium at
and an oe — in Herb. Brit. Mus.,
Colenso, i probably the s
with P. ata spobppinijolina, &e., having a —
nti: ce ae P. natans, var. minor Hook. Fl. Tasmania (non
et K.*) ii. 41; but the mesa in Herb. Kew., and one in my own
sepia (for which, with other Australian species, I am indebted
o Sir F. Mueller), have the leaves quite those of the Linnean
ei except as to size. = natans L. and polygonifolius Pour.
both occur in New Zealan
OTAMOGETON PERFOLIATUS L., var. — F. A. Lees in Rep.
Bot. Rec. Club, 1880, p. 150.—This curious variety, as I think,

* Chamisso (‘ Linnea,’ 1827, p. 216) refers _ to P. oblongus Viv. oy sci, Foe
Pour.), but it belongs to natans L. herb., as an authentic specimen from

ON SPH:RELLA AND ITS ALLIES. 67

Report referred to; and I should not have again noticed the plant
had not the Rev. T. Morong (to whom I sent a scrap and a sketch
of Mr. Jackson’s specimens) written me that a plant from Wenham
Lake, U.S.A., much resembled my specimen and drawing, and

P. pralongus Wulf.’ I still think it has nothing to do with
prelongus Wulf.; the apices of the leaves are not like that, and the
a. is quite like perfoliatus. It will be interesting if Mr.

ackson can succeed in getting it in fruit, in which as yet he has
not cn | Jenteal

EXPLANATION OF PLATE 235,—Potamogeton Grifithii—1l. Plant nat.
a. Half-ripe fruits ; one taken away to show others. b- Perianth-leaf (sepa).
c. Structure of the lea

ON SPHARELLA AND ITS ALLIES.
y M. OC. Cooxz, M.A., LL.D.

THE genus ioe la, a8 originally proposed and accepted, was

a tolerably natural one, including such species of the old genus
pheria as grew upon leaves, or the green and succulent parts
of plants, the perithecia being small, more or less membranaceous,
with oblong or elliptical sporidia of two to four cells, sometimes

i : col ese W fi

only one, hyaline or slightly abate ere, t, the
limits proposed by De N s, and no very strong objection could

by D
be urged against them. But Saccardo was not content, and in his |
recent ‘Sylloge’ he has split it up over five or six genera, in
conformity with his monomaniagal idea.

Nevertheless, we purpose to attend more to aa species than to his
genera in the following remarks, and shall on this occasion apply
ourselves principally to two, that is, Lesta ha or eee. of Spher-

ella with simple spores, and Sphereila, inclnding the species with
bilocular spores; the species with a larger number of cells must
wait a future opportunity, when the second volume of the ‘ Sylloge’
is published. We purpose regarding all as Spherella, according to
otaris, grouping them in subgenera under the names adopted by
Saccardo, thus :—
Spu#retia, DeNot.

One-celled = subgen. Lastadia

Two-celled — aS Spherella

Three- sae: 3 Spherulina.
and soon. This will permit of the combination of all that is good
and emabucatls of the artificial system with the natural.

The two first-named subgenera include in the Sylloge—

astadia ‘ 59 —_
Spherella 279

As to the soundness of Jeaine generic distinctions on the
sporidia, we will only remind its adherents of one fact, well known
to all who have had botanical experience, secctinily. wi ith the

68 ON SPHERELLA AND ITS ALLIES.

eryptogamia, that the natural tendency of the vegetable cell is that
of undergoing septation. The spore is a vegetable cell, inheriting
ural tendency ion r

Of the 337 species in the ‘ Sylloge,’ about 100 are unknown to us ;
of these, 50 at least belong to very recent Ttalian rpeniee of which
not is known in other parts of Europe, except the names and
descriptions, specimens never having been published or distributed.
Some of the remaining 50 are species long ago described, perhaps
imperfectly, but which cannot be regarded as other than do ubtful.

Our remarks on the species are made in the order in which they
are Agrees in the ‘ Sylloge,’ with the oe teiealated species denoted
by an risk. We do not pretend to have examined other genera,
except penn where we have cae a sci in our opinion

isplac ence we hazard no on g the species
included under them, or whether ee alta iicoioly to Spherella.

1*SpH#rewxa (Lestadia) stiematopes B. & C. -— Hypophylla.
Peritheciis sparsis, eae Sph. punctiforme simulantibus.
Ascis clavato-cylindricis. Sporidiis arcte ellipticis, obtusis, con-
tinuis, hyalinis (0 08-01 x 002-0025 m m.)
m leaves. Maine, U.S
_SeBmanizaa (Lastadia) aupocrustata Schwz., No. 1791. —

# pulveracee albe cinerascenta inde terminatim vage effuse
aatenk erithecia sparsa nigra, passim inter se in crusta quasi
effiguratim sarcolit: nec tamen connexa, intus evacuata, primum
convexa subrugosa, demum collapsa. Ascis clavatis, numerosis
(016 mm. long). Sporidiis tinearibas obtusis (004 x ‘0015 mm.)

s.

ee Ae
The use of reagents failed to detect any septum, but the sporidia
were evidently immature and refused to leave the asci.

2
et
_
on
eo
is")
OQ
B.S
‘Sg
ace
°
Ez
“TD
ate]

minutis, 8 erumpentibus.
Ascis clavatis. Sporidiis biseriatis arcte ellipticis, utrinque obtusis,
continuis, hyalinis i 01- ae oy mm.)

On beech leaves. King’

16*SpH@RELLA (Lawtaia) ae x Fell Symb. Myce. 100; Spheria
Buxi, Desm. Ann. Sci. Nat., xix —Hypophylla. Peritheciis
dense sparsis, minutis eicichoie ae. sian. pallidis in par-
enchymate ve nidulantibus, epidermide nigrifacta tectis, poro
pertusis. Ascis clavatis, medio subinflatis; npr oblongis,
obtusis, 1-2 nities, subhyalinis ( 01-011 x 0035 m

On dead leaves of Buaus

Evidently Saccardo regards this as Microthyriwm microscopicum
(see Michelia, vol. 1., p. 608), but there is an undoubted Spheria on
the specimens publis hed by Desmazieres, and we have collected
and examined the same in the fresh state. No one who has done
sO aia possibly satound the two. The Spherelia has pale innate

ON SPHERELLA AND ITS ALLIES. 69

perithecia, covered with a darkened cuticle; the Microthyriwm has

Moreover, we have detected no septum in the sporidia. The
radiating asci in Microthy yrium is an arrangement not met with in
the Spherella. Hence it is evidently a too hasty assumption that
the Spheria Buzi of Demuanes is Microthyrium. In fact, if the
cuticle be ss from the leaf and submitted to the microscope
this will be prov

16* “Spherella Sonora cen Cke., sp. n.—Hypophylla.
Peritheciis exiguis, et in et ea minimis congestis, ee
prominulis, atro-fuscis, poro ete Hes Ascis clavatis. Spori
hiss hn utrinque obtusis, sone 1-4 nucleatis, hyalinid

018 x ‘004 mm.)

On leaves of Buaus mo var. Himalensis from Botanic
Garden, Seharon npore, 1865.

This we regarded hitherto as a variety of Spheria Buzxi, but
further ohaativatidh disproves this. e perithecia are more pro-
minent, usually two to four a r, of a darker colour, nearly
black, and the time Rad ice s long, and probably would be
uniseptate when fully matured.

23. SpHmRELLA (Tastadia) ECHINOPHILA (Schwein.), SpHa#Ria
ECHINOPHILA, even ‘om N. Amer nes Fungi. No. 1755 (1834).—
Sporidia -006 x -002

On see of capa. verre vesca, U.§.A.

The name of Schweinitz, as the original author of this species,
is onritted, as well as all moriiteh to his description. An original
specimen from Schweinitz decides it to be this species, although
the emir vary a little.

8*§ Lua (Lestadia) comevens (Schwz.)—This is included
by Baceiide in in vp te (No. 2104), but it has no affinity with the
other species with which it is associated. The sporidia did not
present to us any appearance of an appendiculate base or septum.

On leaves. am.

29*Spum@Reia (Lestadia) cinerascens Schwz., No. 1795.—
Maculis maximis irregulariter et indeterminatim in utraque pagina
effusis, colorem cinerascentem in aversa, nigrum in superiori ser-
vanes, aggregata sunt perithecia innumera, minutissima, atra
innata, subacuminata, astoma aut demum pertusa, sparsa aut
inter se effiguratim juncta. Ascis clavatis. Sporidiis arcte ellip-
ticis, ere hyalinis (“008 x 0025 mm. ).

s of Asclepias syriaca j

g1*Seianansa (Lastadia) Macnouuz Ellis, Bullet., Torr. Bot.
Club, ix., P- 74; Spharia Magnolia Schwz.—-Hypophylla. Peri-
theciis immersis, plagas latas, griseas aggregatis, vel tota pagina
inferiori occupantibus. Ascis sublanceolatis. Sporidiis biseriatis
enc roi hyalinis (‘007 x ‘0025 mm.).

On fallen leaves of Magnolia glauca, U. s.

It is ruspecked that when fully matured the spores may be
uniseptate.

84. Lastapia aceTrasutum Sacc. Syll.—We have examined the

70 ON SPH#RELLA AND ITS ALLIES.

only original specimen extant and find the asci large and clavate
and the sporidia nga eae in a most distinct manner, ‘022 x

mm. Therefore it will not belong here, but, as we suppose, Sie
be the Spherulina acetabulum of the Pa duan system.

pane tgs a fuscis, convexis. Peri-
theciis subinna atris, culas congestis. Ascis clavatis.
Sporidiis bseriatis, arcte ellipticis, cohen. hyalinis (-008—-01 x
"0025 mm.
On leaves of Melaleuca. New South Wales
This can hardly be the Spheria Melaleuca of Leveillé. The
perithecia are densely collected on small orbicular brownish spots,
which are convex, so that, at first, it resembles a Dothidea.
37*Spa#revia (Le astadia) co (Mont.); Physalospora
Jeniculacea Sace. Syll., No. 1711.—According to specimens from
Montagne this is a a Sa allied, and very similar to
L, nebulosa, if not really the same species. Sporidia ‘012-014 x
‘004-005 mm.
38*Spnaria (Lastudia) tozropatta Desm. Ann. Sci. Nat. xix.,
p. 116; Berne therophila Sace. Syll., 1652 _—Sporidia con-
tinuous, ‘007 x 003 mm.
oe culms of vi imcus articu
m the diagnosis itself i is evident enough that this species
is pie laoed out of Lestadia
zstapia MeLastomaruM Lev .—Certainly it has no place here.
The perithecia are hard and firm, almost like a Sclerotium, contents
white. Asci cylindrical. Sporidia granular, elliptic, -018--02x
‘007 mm. It has more affinity with Stigmatea ; the perithecia are
very prominent and almost superficial.
From original specimen in Herb. Berk., No. 10, ae
40*Spaerewia (Lestadia) HmMATODES B. & OC. Herb. Berk.
—Epiphylla. Maculis orbicularibus, sparsis val “eonfluentibus,
: oy 8

argina
innatis, punctiformibus. Ascis cylindrico-clavatis. Sporidiis a
ellipticis, ogee hyalinis (- ee 01 x :0025 mm.).
ia glauca. United St
patiae externally to Retweilla colorata, but asci and
odor ie little more than half as long, and we fail to distinguish
any septum, the sporidia not ala sufficiently mature to leave the
asci.
41*SpH#@#RELLA (Lestadia) ‘Leucornées Cke. a Rav. Amer.
Fungi, No. 687.—-Epiphylla. Maculis albidis, saborbioulas con-
fluentibusve, rubromarginatis. Peritheciis paaget immersis, 8, osti-
olis emergentibus punctiformibus, atris. Ascis clavato- oyRtaiie is.
Epes Biase ee. hyalinis 4 at O15 x ‘0045 mm.).
On s of Leucothée, _Pinopo lis

(Casta) B Sel 1793. —Sparsa,
sadthocii innatis utrinque ‘prominentibus Rolimhanice, astomis,
atris, albo-farctis. Aste ri dricis. Sporidiis arcte ellipticis,

continuis, hijalinis s (008 x -0025 mm.
On dead leaves of re iorng North America.

ON THE FLORA OF SOUTH BEDFORDSHIRE. see 3. |

54*Spumreiia (Lestadia) pounyeonorum Awd.; Spherella Poly-
gonorum Awd., in Unio. Itin. Crypt., 1866. —Per itheciis minu-
tissimis, hypophle odeis, globosis, nigris, epidermi midem mox ostiolo
exiguo papilleeformi perforan tibus. Ascis more generis paraphy-
sibus non obvallatis ovoideis; 8-sporis; sporis 2-3 serialiter
waa dactyloideis, hyalinis (ut videtur) jintegris, rectis vel sub-

On Say of Polygonum equisetiformis. Sardin
ridia straight, -01--012 x ‘003; evide mae pence in da speci-
mens disteibgeele but most probably septate sare matur
55. Was describe d im ‘ Grevillea,’ vol. (1876), - 102, as
Spherella cocophylla Oke. The dark dccmsneriiag line is just.
of the character found in a agree of Spherella on leaves,
and a no a tos sie 2

)C (Schwein., No. 1699);
iohatts cucur Etec Fr. Sys. Mye. ii., 502.—Gre garia. on
theciis emerso-innati hemis alia: ‘Ievibus mi

, he nuti
nitidis, membranaceis, ies tectis. Ascis elavatis. ies
we Sporidiis ellipticis, continuis, hyalinis (-0075 x ‘003 mm.).

urds.

The sporidia are not mature, but the oo nes is divided, and
there is every probability;that they are uniseptate when mature; i
fact, in some instances they appear to be so now; cas this cannot
be affirmed positively, although a figure beside the specimens in
Herb. otal represents the sporidia as uniseptate.

(To be continued.)

ON THE FLORA OF SOUTH BEDFORDSHIRE.
By James SauNDERs.

Azovr eighty years have elapsed since Abbot’s ‘Flora Bed-
fordtennta was issued, during which time many changes have been
effected in the county, both by drainage and agricultural ope-
rations. Hence it may be surmised that some interesting plants
have been exterminated, and a few agrarian weeds i aenaae in
re

unrecorded. Nor is it a matter for surprise that there Pete several
new county records, since the ‘Flora’ referred to is essentially are
of the Bedford district, and the middle of the county gene
Facilities for locomotion were in those days wags aries hence the
‘« stations ” recorded for the extrem e south a

very high comital census, every record should be based on :
yous specimen, so that in case of doubt reference may be m

to it. This will possibly exclude some species that have ats
niabed: but of which specimens have not been preserved ; it is,
howeyer, the plan which most commends itself to one’s judgment,

72 ON THE FLORA OF SOUTH BEDFORDSHIRE.

The district implied in the term ‘‘ South Beds” includes the
whole of the cretaceous strata, from the upper ‘‘ chalk-with-flints,”’
ane its overlying drift in the extreme south, to the lower green

: Al :

of these zones, will be noted in their places. Within the district

characterized by the absence of any large river. The highest
elevation is a little over eight hundred feet above the sea level, so
that the whole of the area may be regarded as ‘ lowland.”
e list, as a whole, will give a fair idea of the plants that are
associated with the cretaceous formation as it occurs in Englan
uninfluenced either “a pn or lacustrine conditions, with the
trifling exception of all ‘‘ lake’ in Luton Hoo Par
e specimens bags all been pathonad since 1878.
Clematis Vitalba L Pimeregys on the calcareous beds, in
hedges, and borders - thicket
nm Li, Sette near Bedford, and just mie the
southern Sagem in Sibrts, ‘put has not been observed in 8. .
lsatilla L. Limited to the ae chalk dibbae *
where it is locally abundant. a Strea
Ranunculus circinatus Sibth.—Rare. ee Juise.
R. peltatus Fries.—Local, in ponds, Sundon. Var. floribundus.—

od.

R. Drouetit Schultz.—Local in ponds, Limbury. Var. Godronii
Gren.—Very rare. Ponds, Limbury. Specimens sent to Botanical
Record Club appear to be Drowetii, developing floating leaves during
very hot summers.

R. Baudotiti Godron.—* Reed Pond,’’ Sundon.

R. hederaceus Li.—Local. Flitwick; Chorlton

R. Lingua te —Veryrare. Reed Pond, Sundon. First observed
by Mr. J. Ekins.

R. auricomus L.; R. acris L.; R. Flammula ae ae sceleratus L.;
R. repens Li; R jnilbows rahe Rie rvensis L.; R. Ficaria L.
Caltha palustris

— viridis L.—Local. Limbury, meadows ; Whipsnade,
woods

H. fetidus L.—Occurs i craia as a garden escape, on the
Lynchets, Hart Hill, “he Lut

Aquilegia vulgaris L.—Rare. Barton Leat Wood. Interesting
as still existing in Abbots only stat
Delphinium Ajacis Reich., ‘oasis ne rm-fields on calcareous

soil at Lilley, Herts, just outside the ree pe of Beds.
erberis vulgaris L.—Local. Woods near Stepping
Nymphaea alba rf —In rte Woburn Park ; cebany: planted.
Abundant i ans the River Ous
dt atc Pleat Lea, in the extreme south,
Papaver iiiiies L,

ON THE FLORA OF SOUTH BEDFORDSHIRE. 73

P. dubium var. Lamottet.—Common in cornfields.
P. Argemo ¢ L.—Local. Pepperstock ; Flitwick.
oilonin majus L.—Local. Always near houses. Biseot;
Stopsley; Heath and Reach.
Corydalis claviculata L.—Loeal. Clophill Woods; King’s
od.

Fumaria Borai J ord. ; F, officinalis L.
parviflora Lam m.—Rare. Chalky Fields, Barton
a hanes Raphanistrum L,
Sinapis arvensis L.
Diplotaxis muralis DC. ey introduced. Plentiful in
1880, on Midland Railway at Leagr
Sisymbri ium officinale eta S. Pilliaria Scop.
Erysimum — cheiranthoides hii Poveigs sbandant near water.
Greenfield; by the Lea, south of Luto
: Hesperis matronalis L.—Woods, iii Hoo Park; ares
plante
Ca tea pratensis L.; C. hirsuta L.
Arabis thaliana L. eal in salioenien fields.
Barbarea vulgaris Br. PON Apion Luton; Flitwick.
Nasturtium officinale B
N. sylvestre Br. ae ay " Deodorizing Works, Luto
N. palustre DC.—Local. Damp woods, south-east of Luton.
. amphibium Br.—Rare. Banks of the River Lea, near Mill End.

a verna Li.
Camelina sativa L. ai 2 ual. Deodorizing Works, a 1879.
Thlaspi arvense L.—Only observed as a casual, Deodorizing

L

Iberis amara L.—Locally pssst La esate fields, and near

— holes on the lower chalk escarpm ‘
Capsella Bursa-pastoris Mench.

Lepidium campestre Br.—Local. Sundon

Reseda lutea Li.—In fields, on railway banks and waste places.
— distributed over the chalk district.

R. Luteola Li.—More local than the preceding. Abundant on
the oe shi escarpment.

Helianthemum —_— Gaert.—Common on dry grassy banks,
especially on the chalk.

Viola neat L.—Rare. Flitwick Marsh, about two miles
from Abbot's station, ‘ Ampthill, ” where it is probably extinct.

V. odorata L.

V. hirta L.—Abundant over the chalk area, especially on th
lower chalk escarpment. A variety, with elongated root-stocks, is
abundant in woods south-east from Luton, and under beech trees
by the New Mill End road.

Ves Stee Fr., a. Riviniana.—More common than #3. Reichen-
bachian

V. canina L. —Loeal on sandy soil. Heath and Reach; Chiltern
Green Common

V. tricolor si —Fields on the Barton Hills. Var. 6. arvensis,
—Common,

74 ON THE FLORA OF SOUTH BEDFORDSHIRE.

Drosera rotundifolia L.—Very rare. Flitwick Marsh.
[D. longifolia* and D. anglica are both given by Abbot, at
** Ampthill Bogs,” but they are probably extinct.]
Polygala vulgaris Li
— ria officinalis L.—An escape on the Midland Railway,
Harlingt
Nilene riafata 8
oy noctiflora 7a —Rare. Barton Hills. (Oakley West Field,
A
Lychnis vespertina Sibth.; L. diurna Sibth.; L. Floscuculi, L.;
L. Githago Lam
— serp iyllifolia L.—Walls. . leptoclados.—F allow fields,
Lim
Cerastium semidecandrum L. ; C. —- atum Thuill.; C. triviale L.
—Local. Fields near Warden Hills
tellaria aquatica Scop. ss wm e ‘‘ Marslets,” Luton; near
_ oe ae Flitwick.
a With. ; S. graminea L.; S. Holostea L.
ae With. —Rare. Woods, arth Hoo Park, Mr. J.

Spergula arvensis
Spergularia rubra Fenzl.—Flitwick. Only observed on the
d.

uus Li.
ontia fontana L.—Wet places. Rare. Ampthill Moor ;
Potton Marshes, ‘‘ Abbot.”’ Not observed recently.
Claytonia perfoliata Don.—Abundant and well established on the
lower green sand between Ampthill and Maulde
ypericum perforatum L.; H. cs oa Br: ae pulchrum L.
A. humifusum LictLocal. oe oe Gre
H., hirsutum L.—Loeal. Bis
H. Elodes L.—Rare. ‘“ eee Marshes,” Abbot. Potton
Marshes are now drained, hence co is probably extinct.
Malva moschata L. ; M. sylves
M. rotundifolia L —Loeal. Most abundant on the lower green
sand, Ampthill, Woburn, &

m.
Geranium pratense L.—Locally abundant. Nether Crawley ;
Limbury; Totternhoe.
G. pyrenaicum L.—Occurs at Cold Harbour, Herts, just over
the county boundary, and also amg Bedford.
. molle L.; G. dissectum L.; G. Robertianum L.
G. lucidum L.—Loeal. “ Marslets,” near Luton.
Erodium cicutarium L’ Heri
Oxalis Acetosella L.
Tlex Aquifolium L. —Abundant in hedges.
heae is no specimen in Abbot's Herbarium, See Mr. Pryor’s paper in
boas. Bot.,’ — p. 44.

ON THE FLORA OF INNISHOWEN, CO, DONEGAL. 75

ymus europeus L.—Abundant in hedges, especially by old
bridles ths, and in thickets ; often planted in thes
Rhamnus catharticus .—Abundant in the chalk district ; rare
or absent elsewhere
R. Frangula L. —Rare. Aspley Wood. Only observed on the
green sand. :
Acer campestre Li.
Ulex europeus L.—Common in sandy soils.
Genista anglica L.—* Ampthill Heath,” Abbot.
Sarothamnus scoparius Koch.—-Only on sandy soils. Rare in the

Wi

Ononis — sar A especially on the chalk escarpment.

O. arvens

Anthyllis Valnor aria aga ES Scaily abundant on chalk hills.

Medicago lupulin

Melilotus officinalis Willd.—Common on railway banks and in
cultivated fields.

M. arvensis Wallr.—Rare. Steet the Warden Hills.

Trifolium pratense L.; JT. arvense L.; T. hybridum L. (Rare.
New Mill End); 7. repens L.; ZT. procumbens L.; T. minus Relhan.

Lotus corniculatus L.

L. major Scop.—Local. Limbury Marsh; Flitwick Marsh.

pdeewageive glycyphyllus L.—Rare. Not observed in the south
of the county. ‘Bromham, Oakley;” Abbot. Turvey; Miss
Higgins, 1880 880]

Ornithopus Te L.—Loeally abundant, but only observed
on sandy soil. Heath and Reach; Ampthill.

Onobrychis sativa Lam.—Not uncommon on dry grassy banks.
Apparently indigenous on the ancient greensward of the "Chiltern
Hills.

heads hirsuta Koch; y. tetrasperma Moench; V. Cracca L.;
V. sep

y. caeieehetss Roth.—Great Northern Railway banks, south
of Luton

Lat athyrus Aphaca L., and L. Nissolia L.—Only observed as
“casuals” at the Deodorizing Works, Luton.

L. pratensis L.

Orobus iors L.—Local. King’s Wood.

(To be continued.)

ON THE FLORA OF INNISHOWEN, CO. DONEGAL.
By H.C. Harr, B.A;
(Continued from p. 47).
Innishowen is well situated for studying m8 distribution of
plants in the extreme north of Ireland. With + spalndctar in view
shall enumerate those species which increase shoe ards, con-
trasting them with those which become scarcer. Characteristic or

76 ON THE FLORA OF INNISHOWEN, CO. DONEGAL.

features. With its botany I am especially familiar, and an account
of it has been already given in this Journal. The following species
become more prevalent west of . Swilly; those with z attached
belong to Watson’s English ty

Nymphea alba.—More frequent in Fanet and westwar
Drosera anglica.—Abundant from Kilmacrennan to Cwendal
and in the
Radiola Millegrana.—Much commoner in Fanet, and westwards
in many places.
um. Rhodiola. —Increases westwards steadily, attaining a
maximum in Aranmore.

Saxifraga stellaris.—V ery scarce in Innishowen,
about Muckish, Errigal, &c.

. umbrosa. Malin i is the eastern limit in Ireland of this plant;
common on Errigal, Muckish, Slieve Snacht West, and in the West
of Ireland generally.

ryngium maritimum.—-Commoner in Fan

rithmum maritinmum.—A scarce plant in ~ gaia but it is
plentiful “8 — place in oe and at Hornhead.

1 4 ee aE +
+ mf

tripartita £; E. ag mae in frequency
| cade apparently, but bother ‘ie Tol.
Carduus pratensis £; Achillea Pta —More abundant and
characteristic westwards, the halét eepecially so; it is rather
nishowen.
Lobelia Dortmanna cularia minor.—More plentiful in lakes

“pt Pre cate | as about Muckish, ‘Clana. and

Aeitttingihaylon Uva-ursi.— More abundant about Crohy Head
and Aranmore than elsewhere.

Pyrola media; Beta maritima; Euphorbia ore —These
three are all more frequent in Fanet than Innishowen. Beta
increases westwards from Malin Head, sepesially on headlands
and outer cliffs.

Polygonum te oo —Much commoner in Fanet.

Littorella lacu — Becomes ver a westwards, and
fringes all neccarar a lake at moderate altitudes

Habenaria viridis.—Very frequent in Fanet.

Ju s nana.—Increases westwards; characteristic in Fanet ;
profusely abundant on Aranmore.

Sparganium natans.—Commoner in bog-holes and lakes from
Ramelton to Fanet shins elsewhere.

S. minimum ; Schenus nigricans; Rhynchospora alba; Molinia
cerulea.—More prevalent oe the se tohae western moorlands.
Sparganium occurs in almost every lake wes

lenium marinum.—Much more sbundant on the rocky coast
of Fanet than Innishowen.

ON THE FLORA OF INNISHOWEN, CO. DONEGAL. 17

Osmunda regalis.—Very rare in Innishowen; becomes at once
acres anal characteristic upon crossing Loug h Swilly.
hyllum Wilsoni.—Increases sendy tigger c% ; very
ke en = Glenvegh, Slieve Snacht West, &

The above list only includes plants fonnd in Innishowen, but to
give a full idea of this su ubject I will mention a few characteristic
or locally frequent Spee of Donegal which do not appear in
Innishowen ; these

Trollius europaeus. Polypodium Phegopteris

Ce entunculus minimus, E. H Ape scat Tunbrigense.

riocaulon septangulare.

None of es have yet been found in inatabitiggh Centunculus is
likely to o

he ere group of plants illustrates one fact: that the
climate increases in humidity westwards. Innishowen is drier and
probably also colder than the area parts of the county. The
increasing variety and pay of ferns show this, and others in the
list are plants which a s much dependent upon the damp
atmosphere for their aver as damp soil for their roots. The
influence of the Gulf Stream is thus vos ro dy and especially in
its rendering the winter milder to the w

The species next enumerated diminish or disappear altogether
after we cross Lough Swilly. Rare plants are not taken into
consideration :-—

t Papaver ae — Much scarcer in Fanet and westwards; a
rare ssioein
Nuphar ia E.—Scarcer in the we
{ Barbarea vulgaris r.—A rare eslogiae] in North Donegal.
tSisymbrium officinale. — Perhaps a pene ist in Innishowen ;
almost certainly so in Fanet and farther
Capsella Bursa-pastoris. — Decreases Misa and probably a
colonist far wes
* Senebiera Co oronopus r.—Not met with west of Innishowen; not
native in Donega
t Reseda Luteola ; ; Stlene anglica zn. — Not met with west of
Innishowen ; both are probably introduced weeds.
+S. inflata E.—Not met with in the extreme north-wes
Sarothamnus scoparius —Secarce; rarer westwards, 2a not seen
west of Mulroy.
Ulex europeus.——-Not native in * extreme north-wes
aren pratense. — Probab not native in North: west
Donegal
rr. wabcld ium, — Very scarce, but occurring to the extreme north-
west; a characteristic species of Innishowen.
T.. arvense «.—Not met with west of Innishowen.
Lotus major.—Very rare westward.
Vicia hirsuta. — Characteristic in Innishowen; much scarcer in
Fanet, and not seen west of it.
V. angustifolia.—Not seen west of Innishowen.

78 ON THE FLORA OF INNISHOWEN, CO. DONEGAL.

vathyrus pr ate —Not seen in the extreme west.
Geum urbanum.—Scarce west of Dunfanaghy.
Epilobium ae Footie —vVery rare, and soon disappears west of
Lough Swilly.
Epilobium hirsutum.—Very rare west of Innishowen.
Ligusticum scoticum. — This species reaches a maximum in
Innishowen ; its western — is Tory Island.
Torilis Anthriscus.—Not seen west of Carrigart.
Petasites vulgaris &. a ae seen in the north-west, and probably
not native west of Innishowen.
ycopsis arvensis. —- Very rare in Fanet, and not seen west
of it.
Mertensia maritima. —I have seen this in one locality, on Ross-
gull, west of Innishowen.
8 ularia aquatica x.—Diminishes westwards. I have no
certain record west of Ramullan
Utricularia vulgaris.—V ery scarce westwards.
en pectinatus.—Not seen west of Innishow
Carex remota; Melica uniflora =; Sclerochloa gwreles Ez;
Festuca oranda, z.— None of these were met with in the
extreme north-w
Equisetum maximum «.— Not seen in North Donegal west of
Glenvar, on the west side of totes Swilly.
Lycopodium clavatum.—Not seen west of Innishowen.
Several of the above, and some others which might be adduced,
e introduced plants or weeds of cultivation, which naturally
ease in i Abo

decr the wilder parts of the county half the
decreasing species belong to the English type or are ‘ine

English,” the der being mostly British species which
probably require more nd less rain than rm Donegal

fain ‘cchieehicis to this in thei increasing list, Carduus pratensis being
the = * otable one. Highland, Northern, and Atlantic species
all increase in the western parts of the county, both in number an

Res ope iy the Atlantic type only slightly so. Speaking generally « ‘of
the larger families, Umbellifere and Carices seem to fail most in
Teneda. yeast in quantity and kind.

In contrasting the flora east and west of Lough Foyle, there is
little more 3 be said than that the variety of species as we pas
east steadily increases. I am not going to enter into this a ae

and Hordeum murinum; Scilla verna is also found there; an
noticed that others which have barely found their way across”
Lough Foyle are abundant on its eastern side, as Trifolium arvense
and ies 4 anglica; while colonists, weeds of cultivation, and
species of Watson’s Tosh type of distribution become more
prevalent.

ON THE FLORA OF INNISHOWEN, CO. DONEGAL. 79

With regard to panne pnts, Innishowen enters into closer
competition with the untains eastward, three species oc-
curring which are S cakuoee in ae north-east of calaiaier These
are Saussurea alpina, Polygonum viviparum, and Car The
eee flora of Innishowen is almost eat to that of I jeg Antrim

Down together, so far as they are yet made known, although
those counties contain several mountain groups and the highest
summits in the north of Ireland. When we consider the size of
Innishowen, this is equivalent to a decided increase. The alpine
flora of Donegal is superior to that of the north-east district in

ere.
Northern and perce gay would perhaps have been expected

to increase in the more western and northern districts, but this is.
b ase, Pissns two, Trollius europeus and
Potamogeton filiformis, which have not been found in Innishowen,

all the northern species occurring in Done egal and many more are
pes in the north-east, where this group is best developed in
eland.
With regard to Atlantic or Western plants, this type is poorly
represented in the north of Ireland; it is, moreover, quite

two others, Statice occidentalis and Adiantum Capillus-veneris, each
occur in a single rier | "3 ci west of Donegal. In opposition to
this there are, accordin he ‘ Cybele Hibernica,’ eight Atlantic
species in the north- ae district which I have not found in Donegal.
This group of plants increases southwards on both coasts of Ireland,
but more rapidly on the east ; ae attains its maximum, I believe,
in the south-east corner of Trela
In conclusion, the flora of tanishowsi will be found to contain
slightly above five hundred species; about half the Irish flora, and
five- sixths of the flora of Donegal. Thirty species at least ae

lying north of Culdaff and Malin estuaries—is a well-defined
peninsula, rising north of a ie neck of land, at once, to a low
mountainous country and from the most northern point of Salers
A rise in the sea-level of about four or five feet would ger
Culdaff estuary on the east with Malin estuary on the west, and
transform Malin to an island. There is little Peer beaes on
Malin «46 3 x

80 A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS SELAGINELLA.

about 859 feet, insuffiviont, apparently, to harbour any of the truly

alpine species found a few miles southwards. Its area is not muc

less than that of Fanet, but its flora is much scantier. I wa
icki e

n,
slats coe ge except perhaps a remarkable variety of Kuphrasia
officinalis. Some curious forms of this and other plants occur also
mts Malin Head. Huphrasia sometimes occurs with long spikes,

ionraes large; another variety has no stem, but forms an hemi-
spherical body of white flowers, lying on the ground like a poe
snowball about two or three inches across, perhaps due to con-

ine

plant. Triodia decumbens grows in prostrate patches, its stem about
three inches long. Plantago lanceolata has thick leaves which
almost conceal their ribs, and become so narrow as almost to equal
in width and resemble those of wide-leaved alpine forms of Plantago
maritima, which also occur. Lastrea Filix-mas is very stunted and
shaggy, equivalent to alpine var. abbreviata ; and Keleria grows on
the west side, from two to three inches in height, and is almost
unrecognizable. On the other hand, Asplenium marinum, Sedum
Rhodiola, and Ligusticum scoticum attain great perfection ; Mertensia

are more plentiful in this district than elsewhere in Innishowen.

Vicia hirsuta. Stachys arvensis.
Radiola Millegrana. Armeria vulgaris.
Sedum meg Plantago maritima.

8. anglicum. ¥. pier fi

Cri Aeanviih maritimum. Beta ma

Ligusticum scoticum. tices shuleseenlin
Myosotis cespitosa. Asplenium marinum.

Mertensia maritima.

A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS SELAGINELLA.
By J. G. Baxzr, F.R.S., &e.
(Continued from p. 46.)

17. S. Barxiyr Baker Fl. Maur. 522.— Stems densely tufted,
decumbent, not more than an inch long, copiously compound.
Leaves of ap lower plane crowded, spreading, flat, oblong, obtuse,
+ lin. long, firm in texture, minutely ciliate-denticulate, —

A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS SELAGINELLA. 81

equal-sided, rounded on both sides at the base ; leaves of the lower
pigne a third as long, obovate, cuspidate, much imbricated. Spikes
3-+ in. long, } lin. diam., square ; bracts deltoid-cuspidate, crowded,
strongly keeled.
Hab. Round a off the coast of Mauritius, Sir H. Barkly !
A near ally of S. obtus
18. S. oprusa ipeiiig Mon. ii. 200; S. viridula and —
Spring ; Lycopodium obtusum Desy.; L. pusillum Desy.; L
dulum Bory; L. oneeeey Willd. — Stems tenia; vane meet ;
with an angled face, 2-4 in. long, copiously pinnately branched,
the branches short, es lower deltoi d, copiously compound. Leavy
of the lower plane close, spreading, ovate-deltoid, 3-1 lin. long,
bright green, obtuse, mo oderate ly firm in texture, flat, very unequal-
sided, minutely ciliate- denticulate, broadly rounded on the upper
side at the base and much imbricated over the stem, cuneate-trun-
cate on the lower side; leaves of the lower plane a third as long,
obovate, with a cusp nearly as long as the blade. Spikes square,
Bunce long, + lin. diam. ; eats deltoid-cuspidate, Senn acutely
eeled.

Hab. Mountain rocks of sap oe Bourbon, and Madagascar.
18.*§. Mittenii, n. sp. — Stems densely intermatted, trailing,
14-2 in. long, tripinnate, with sentra erecto-patent main branches
Leaves bright green, moderately firm in texture, those of the lower
plane cordate- iy rare L 12th in. long, strongly denticulate
all down the upper with a central midrib, contiguous or
rather imbricated on ae ig ace Sev leaves of the upper plane
rd as long, oblique ovate, acute. Spikes copious, age
not more than 4 in. long; bracts ovate-lanceolate, much imbri-
cated, } lin. long, strongly keeled, couspaetistay denticulate on the
argins.
nab: Usassura “Mountains, Central Africa. Just received
eer Bap Mitten
Bi Batrounm Baket Fk. Maur. 522.—Stem trailing, densely
lagi in. long, forked low down, distantly pinnate, with short
ance a ae lower branches. Leaves of lower plane arene,
except at the tips of the branchlets, patent, oblong, obtuse, }—} lin
long, entire, not ciliated, flat, rather rigid in texture, pale green,
the lower edge parallel with the midrib, the upper convex and
8

- out. Spikes }-4 in. long, square, $ lin. diam. ; bracts orbicular’-
cuspidate, crowded, strongly keeled, not much longer than the
sporangia.

Hab. en gerd on the coralline limestone, Dr. J. B. Balfour !
A — ally of S. ob

Welwits chil, n. sp. —— Stems densely —— trailing,
0-8 | long, distantly ‘pnmately branched, the lower b
slightly compound. Leaves of the lower plane Mendel on the

d, 4 lin.
long, incurved, moderately firm in texture, ciliate-denticulate on
all the margins, cordate and more strongly ciliated on the upper

G

82 A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS SELAGINELLA.

side at the base, rounded on the lower side; midrib distinct from
base to tip; leaves of the upper 8 a third as long, ascending,
imbricated, ovate, acute. Spikes unknown.

ab. Angola, on dry rocks of ae Pedras of Pungo Andongo,
Welwitsch, = ! <A close aap of S. vaginata

21. S. aliensis, p.—Stems s wiry, wide-trailing, terete,
4-1 ft. eee oratpeade i esd. the forks copiously pinnate,
the short distant branches gig flabellately compound. Leaves

f the lower plane crowded on the branchlets, patent, ovate-
lanceolate, 4 lin. long, ica or subobtuse, flat, not ineurved,
moderately firm in texture, not very unequal-sided, the mid drib
distinet, pie sides, especially the upper, furnished with epee GA
unequal cilia, the upper side broadly rounded at the base and mu
Bosal over the rachis; leaves of the upper plane ee as saa,
ovate, acute, cu heey F uch imbricated. Spikes unkno

Hab. Mou ains of | Sona land, 1500-6000 ft., Hildebrandt
1484! A near a of S. mongholica and yemensis.

22. 5. carHepRirotiaA Spring, Mon. ii. 112.—Stems slender,
trailing, pale, flat on the face, reaching a length of 4-1 ft.,
copiously pinnately branched, with copiously compound short
branches. Leaves of the lower _ close, spreading, ovate, acute,
3-1 lin. long, bright green, flat, not very firm in texture, broa dly
rounded and cite rd on the upper side at the base; —
e - upper plane 4 as long, m _ imbricated, ovate, with a

Spikes s seg +} in g, 4 lin. diam. ; bracts oe
ate. jeccouae, acute, stron Se pe eled.

Hab. - per Guinea at Princes Island, Fernando Po, Old
Calabar ar. minor A. Br., gathered by Welwitsch in
Angola on tt hills of Pungo Andongo, differs by tts shorter much
less eo . see 2 near ally of S. ornithopodioides.

23. S. sp.—Stems filiform, intermatted, very
slender, et tg it on the face, 1-2 in. e asc
pinna ately-a tranged branches simple or forked. Leaves of the

e,
moderately firm i ore produced on the upper side of
the midrib, cordate ae seated n the upper side at the base and
imbricated o ; leaves a the upper a $4 as ao

piney racts ovate enspidate,. steonely keele

Hab. Cat
=~ to inundation, Spruce
S. valdepilosa, n. sp. Cte ems slender, trailing, reser
cist oc 2-3 in. long, with several eee irregu cular ple
or slightly compound branches. 5 aves of the lower plane case
on the main va cuddceue on. the branches, ovate, acute, firm

A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS SELAGINELLA. 83

Hab. Demerara; ravine near the Haieteur Savanna, Jenman
1484 !

25. S. Sel eer Foe MSS.—Stems densely intermatted,
trailing, filiform, 4-1 long, with a few spreading simple pin-
nately-arranged br te Leaves of the lower plane ascending,

ran
the upper contiguous, the lower slightly spaced, ovate-oblong, pees
obtuse, not more than } lin — bright green, femssaciin 4 firm
texture, concave on the face, the midrib not reaching the tip,
nearly equal-sided, the upper ids cordate and aistinetly ciliated at
the base and imbricated over the stem; leaves of the upper plane
4 as Teg oblique ovate, acute, not cuspidate, much imbricated.
Spikes not seen.
Hab. Rocks at the Panuré Falls, on the Rio Uapes, Spruce
2940! <A very distinct — beautiful little species

. brevifolia, n. sp.—Stems slender, trailing, 14-2 in. long,
much intermatted, sleaely pinnate, os branches meer dh erecto-
patent, the lower conside ~~ compound. Leaves of the lower

plane crowded down to the base of es main Aetiy erecto-patent,
oblique ovate, acute, not more than } lin. long, bright green, firm
and rather rigid in texture, much dilated on the upper side of the
midrib, nearly as broad as long, strongly ciliated and much
imbricated over the stem on the upper side at the base; leaves of
the upper plane } as long, oblique ovate, much imbricated, shortly
cuspidate. Cuno sharply square, } lin. diam.; bracts ovate, acute,
strongly keele

ab. Ri a Ne egro, on rocks by the Janaraté cachoeira, forming
large patchéa, Spruce 2547

27.

brevicaulis, n. sp.—Stems eats tufted, procumbent,
4-1 in. = copiously be nehed. Lea of the lower ra
crowded, much imbricated, pores patent, “laneae. oblong, obtuse,
+ lin. ee green, ‘odes ately firm in texture, the midrib distinct

and central, both sides conspicuously ciliated, the upper broadly
rounded at the base and much imbricated over the rachis; leaves
os the upper plane oblique enrel acute, a third as long, much imbri-

ated. Spikes very short, square, $ lin. diam.; bracts ovate, acute,
stenisly keeled.

Ha —— Cuba, near Monte Verde, C. Wright 9411

28. S. micropHyiyia Spring sige il. 88; S. thuyefolia Spring;
Lycopodium micr sorephiAlil H. B. K.— ms densely matted, trailing,
2-3 in. long, copiously pinnately meen, the lower branches
copiously compound. Leaves scarcely dim morphous, those of the
lower plane erecto-patent or adpressed io the stem, ovate, acute,

on both sides at the base, ciliated on both margins, the midrib
obscure; leaves of the upper plane scarcely smaller, onions) cuspidate,
distinctly nerved, ascendi ing, imbricated. pikes in. lon

reso $ lin. diam.; bracts crowded, ovate- prec: strongly

Hab. Tropical America on mountain rocks; Guatemala,
Bernouilli 955! New Granada, Moritz 869! Lindig 1519! Ecuador
Spruce 4787! Brazil, Lindberg 682! Glaziou 7967! Cordoba,

84 SHORT NOTES.

Hieronymus! A near ally of S. pov ane. I cannot help
thinking that S. Swartzii Spring Mon. ii. 89, is this species, and
the oe es occa orientalis ’’ a mistak

ee vissima Fée Fil. Bras. ‘Suppl 98 ¢. 108, fig. 1.—
Stems Spaadks matted, trailing, 3-6 in. long, very slender, pale,
angled on the face, forked, distantly pinnately branche the branches
little compound. Leaves of the low r plane decidedly spaced,

the distinct midrib, rounded and shortly ciliated at the base on the
upper side, not imbricated over the stem ; leaves of the upper plane
half as long, oblong, with a long cusp, bat little imbricated. Spikes
very short, nearly as broad as the leafy branches; bracts ovate
Biephdato, strongly keeled.

Hab. Mountains near Rio Janeiro, Glaziou 4484! 4486! 4499!
8. serpens Fée Fil. Bras., Suppl. 99, is a form of this and totally
ee from Spring’s West Indian plant.

INDENI Spring Monog. ui. 118.—Stems trailing, very
dear der 3-6 in. long, subterete, ey branched, the branches
short and but slightly sae ote und. Leaves of ae lower plane oblong-
lanceolate, obtuse, crowded, aie ee) lin. long, bright green,
moderately firm in texture, more produced on the upper side of the
distinct midrib, ciliated on the upper margin of the lower half,
produced at the base on the upper side, and so much imbricated
over the branch that it is quite hidden; leaves of the upper plane
very small, ovate, acute, quite erect. Spikes very short, square ;
bracts ovate-lanceolate.

Hab. In Mexico near Teapa, Linden! Like S. jungermannioides
on a small scale

Ay S. pexicatissm™a A. Br. in Ann. Sc. Nat. ser. 4, vol. 18,
p. 60.—Stems Karan matted, Va slender, stramineous, trailing
toa ae of 6-12 in., forke d and copiously pinnately branched,
the branches eppionsly compound. Leaves of the lower plane spaced
except at the tip of the branches, patent, ote obtuse, moderately
firm in texture, more produced on the upper side of the distinct
aa broadly rounded and densely ny eae on the upper side at

@ base ; leaves of the upper plane 4 as long, oes acute,
Drncre auricled on the outer side = the base. Spikes unknown.

Hab. Frequent in cultivation, the native country aa known,
but probably Andine. Introduced by Linden. The leaves and
tips of the branches curl up readily in drought.

(To be continued.)

SHORT NOTES.

Tae Norra Lincoun pe posse Hi oy yer ago, and
for a year or two later, a Lycopodium—presumably alpinum—grew
on the boggy lias- shale slope aka paras ag on Crossby

SHORT NOTES. 85

Warren, near Frodingham , and a publication of the fact was given
at p. 184 of the ‘ Botanical Record Club Report’ for 1875, after an
examination of a Mr. a ates’s pasta in fruiting state ;
the other a creeping, barren branch. The stratum upon which
they grew, and the general contin ns of the site, being very similar to
those of the West Gloucester L. complanatum, Mr. Druce suggested

that the Lincoln plan had in reality been complanatum also.
mea it might coaitty be so, I athe Farodirredd the loan of what

Tatoolnahixs species. They were oanaeed | in 1857, by Messrs. W.
Fowler an Page : a spot where ironworks now stand; and
they are, as you may see, undoubtedly typical alpinum, not even
showing that approach &s a complanate arrangement of the leaves
which is presented by Mr. Dries s intermediates gathered in West
Ross and South Aberdeen. His Glydyr Fawr specimens seem to

me sim
intermediate form grows on Ingleborough, in West Yorkshire, the
approach to complanatum being most evident whilst the plant is
young and barren, and spreads fan-like upon the ground; but I
should call none of these true complanatum, nor indeed expect that
to occur at all in our more alpine stations, since even e United
States the typical plant has a tendency to southern restriction, na
in Canada and the North becomes sabinafolium Willd.—F. Arnoip
Boe: [The specimens sent are —— L, alpinum.—Ep. Journ.

ICULARIA NEGLECTA Lehm MippLesE = satiar a oe,
Chan J. R. Jackson, nd mel found this species Ge
aderavie quantity, in the autumn of 1881, in sever aber ponds
near the railway-station between ‘Bhainids and Wra sbury. At

I was in doubt whether to credit Bucks or Middlesex with the n ae
record, but a reference to the railway ps ae settled the matter
in favour of the latter county. In the first place it is better to
state that Professor Babington, who kindly examined my plant,
has confirmed the name. The et ure in ‘ English Botany,’ ii., tab.
1125 bis, is a bad one; the foliage, as represented there, gives no
idea of the foliage of ie living rate and the form of the lip too
is quite unlike that in the fresh flower—indeed, the only character

ticularly observed in the fresh state, viz., the veining of the palate.
In Brébisson’s ‘ Flore de # Notinandlie, ed. 5. p. 306, the italicized
portions of the descriptions oe U. vulgaris, on U, neglecta are as
follow: The first named has “ Fleurs d’un jaune clair .

palais
— d’un petit nombre aa lignes on taches d’un hd pale, nou
. palais

anastomosées’’: the latter, ‘Fleurs d’un jaune-orang

#

86 : BOTANICAL NOMENCLATURE,

strié de lignes nombreuses, anastomosées, d’un rouge vif.” All the

ponds in which U. neglecta was observed are in District II of Trimen
ee Dyer’s ‘ Flora of Middlesex,’ which eat, moreover, contains no
recent record of any Utricularia; the first record of U. vulgaris
Districts III and VII, being about 1750, and last 1778, whilst minor.
is given for Districts IT and ILL; first record 1700, last 1774.—
GrorGE NicHoLso

LieNs in GuoucestersHme.—There is a spot in the parish
of Kingswood, Gloucestershire, about four miles north-east of

Sia of alien plants kno ve existed there for some
yea It isa Guat 3am of ey Din is (about 50 yards by 25) on

the ‘Bos of a low hill, and surrounded by cornfields. This heap
may have been the result of an old trial-boring for coal, but at

present there rking
nquiries show that the place has remained undisturbed for about
twenty years. ast summer a friend and I made several visits to

the place, and gathered the plants whose names are appended. We
segs learn the means ee they were imported ;—-probably

district, and, with few setae. to that of the Bristol coal-fields.
Delphinium Ajacis, isbape pheniceum, Camelina sativa, Hrysimum
orientale, Reseda lutea, Saponaria Vaccaria, Silene ditotona: S. nocti-
flora, Dianthus prolifer, ts, Sitar muralis, Trifolium de spp di
pane Melilotus officin M. alba, Medicago sativa, M. falcata,
Potentilla argentea, Pasion rotundifolium, Anthemis tinctoria,
Grindelia squarrosa, stacey nobilis, Centaurea Cyanus, C. paniculata,
C. melitensis, Gilia capitata, Stachys annua, Salvia sylvestris, Satureia
hortensis, Echinospermum Tepid Echium vulgare, Verbascumvirgatum,
Plantago arenaria, Apera Spica-venti, Festuca Myurus, Bromus arvensis.
Jas. W. Wurtz.

BOTANICAL NOMENCLATURE.
[The following note ics communicated by Baron von Mueller
to the Melbourne ‘Chemist and Druggist’ for September, 1882,
and seems to us of caiholant interest to deserve wider circulation. ]

Ar first sight it may seem unimportant to devote close atten-
tion to the synonymy of plants; but it should be considered that
ine phytographic authors came to permanent agreement about

nelature, we would have to burden our memory with a
arultiplicity of names, much against facility and acceleration of our
S ct Sear | of opinion on names in biomorphic

riche § generic bene or through etymologie incorrectness
-—the former having been of frequent, the latter of rare, occurrence.

BOTANICAL NOMENCLATURE. : 87

To illustrate the argument, I have chosen the genus V aheety. iy swe
Some difficulty arises in fixing the precise date of the first pin
lication of this genus, because the ‘Illustration des Genres
which at page 292 of tome 2, and on planche 169, Vahea yummie
was established by lade was elaborated at a time when
orrors of war, intensified by their duration and piace

** Illustration,’ which was arranged Sausicas to the Linnean
system, and had therefore V. OG in the Pentandria, ea com-
mencing to appear in 1791, became ‘ienabod only by Poiret in 1823
(as I notice in my own bound copy), long after its originator had
been struck with blindness, a calamity which he had to bear during
many of the last years of his life. Collaterally also the volumes
of Lamarck’s ‘ Encyclopédie Méthodique ’ were successively issued,

seemingly for this reason the venerable eRe in the ever-
memorable ‘Genera Plantarum,’ which resulted during the last

enty years as one of the main achie pie of his and Sir Joseph
Hooker’s great labours, thought proper to suppress Vahea, when
observing its identity with the genus Landolphia, which latter

7
(‘ Flore d’Oware, i., 54, t. 34). Nevertheless I felt ae that

arck’s like alone of Vahea gummifera t for
with this view

~~
oo
Ss
@o
Q
=
—
=
P|
et
er
Pe
Bes
fl
Qu
Q
=
mn
m
@
—
®
=x
ef.
°
5
ea)
—
ec
Ss
@©

damien Culture,’ and also in the enlarged re — of Witt-
stein’s ‘Organic Constituents of Plants’ I had to with the
India-rubbers among other plants. But eager to arate whether
the views held by me were correct, I Psp —— M.
phonse de Candolle, whose lustrions parent ha uch co-
operated botanically with Lamarck, especially by editing ‘aed much
enlarging the third edition of the ‘ Flore Francaise’ as ores
in 1805. This leading phytographer, who had him for his
ome -- i. rarer "in ape — the pam 2 ‘to which
also a belongs, affords m Geneva (under date
of 7th, ne 1882) the leash 8 path which, so far as Vahea
is concerned, I verbally translate :—‘‘ Your question, ee to the
— (livraisons) of Lamarck’s illustration, has given me som
trouble, as our copy at Geneva does not indicate anything. fg
Metately,: while searching through the old periodic cals, I foun

of Execs eat Go in his ‘ Magasin Eneyclopédique, aca 1.

th
Lamarck. He fo anil that Millin did wine to them in 1797, by
saying the sixtieth livraison had appeared, and that the number of

88 NOTICES OF BOOKS.

plates published was seven hundred. We need therefore not look
further at what date each number came out, as it is certain that
Vahea and all the names anterior to plate 701 are older than those

rek, he will likely publish them in the ‘ — de la
soaiees ‘Botani anique de France.” It remains still to be noted that
nearly forty ee ago Alphonse de Candolle pagenied already

prove eras it would be best to adhere 33 the ae Vahea,
because’ Aubiet in the same work has among Composite a genus
Pacourina, vol. ii., 800, t. 8316 (1775), which the elder De Candolle
and lately also Bentham and Hooker have maintained.
{In the last number (the 94th) of his ‘ Fragmenta,’ Baron von
nein points out that the well-known Sapotaceous genus Bassa
not the rightful possessor of that name. He says: ‘‘ Bassia
generice sAabiliabater ab Allioni in Mélanges de ee et de
athématique pour les années 1762-1755, Turin, iii. vs
f. 2 (1766) sub titulo: Stirpium aliquot descriptiones cum die uoru
rum constitutione. Tali do igitur forest: inte

b
inceptionem.—Bassie inter Sapoteas synchrona est Minne (Koenig
in Linn. Mantiss. abe: 563, anno 1771, nomen quoque hodie sine
scrupulo omnia & Although some temporary inconvenience

y result, it appears to us that the a s view is the only one
which is logicalle tenable.—Eb. Journ.

Notices of Books.

Flora of British India. By Sir J. D. Hooxer, C.B., K.S.I. Part ix.
| Vacciniacee—Apocynacee'. London: L. iat & Co. [Dec.

E steady progress of this very cite Ang soe eg to our

bobedial floras is a matter for congratulation. Sir Joseph Hooker
has been fortunate in securing the active co- operation of, so soar
and steady a worker as Mr. C. B. Clarke, who is responsible for

the greater portion of the part now before us, rss orders Sapotacee,
Ebenacee,—which we had expected Mr. W. P. ‘Hiern would have un-
dertaken,— Myrsinee and Styr ~ having fallen to oaths share, while
Sir Joseph Hooker has elaborated the Primulacee and Apocynee.
would be impossible for snes possessed of less knowledge
than the illustrious botanists named to criticise ~ execution of
the work from the botanical standpoint; but there are one or two
minor, though not unimportant, matters which insta a word or
two of comment.

NOTICES OF BOOKS. 89

We have before animadverted* upon the unfortunate and
misleading practice of quoting as if from the ‘Genera Plantarum’
names which are not to be found in its pages. Both Sir Joseph
Hooker and Mr. Clarke constantly sin in this manner. Thus
we have—

** Alyxia gracilis Benth. in Gen. Pl. i. 697 [698] . o
‘© Rauwolfia densiflora Benth. in Gen. Pl. ii. 697.”

‘* Baissea acuminata Benth. in Gen. Pl. ii. 719.”
“ Rhynchodia Wallichit Benth. in Gen. Pl. ii. 720.”

None of ba names are to be found in the ‘Genera.’ Of co

Mr. Dayd 0 co will take care to set all this right in Sis ink new
: Stendel’ a all botanists will be glad to know is making
iene eee but people who crate - the ‘Genera’ to refer
to, or are content to take their names as the authority of the
: rations of British India,’ will append “ Benth. ” to these names as
a matter of course, although ‘Hook. f.”’ is the real authority.
Mr. Clarke (p. 588) names two species of ‘Symplocos thus :—

*S. Henscheli Benth. in Gen. Pl. 1. 669. Cordyloblaste Henscheli
Moritzi.”
‘* S. Maingayi Benth. in Gen. Pl. ii. 669.”

We turn to the reference, and find “ Sect. 2.. Cord: yloblaste”’ of the
genus Rag consisting of two species, ‘‘ Cordyloblaste Moritz.
m Bot. Zeit. 1848, 604, et species nova a Maingayo lecta.” Even

Matigayi?
In dealing with the Primulacee Sir Joseph Hooker appears to
have reves 3 a paper by Klatt, on the species collected by the
brothers De a in High ray in 1855-57, published in
this Journal fo 8, pp. 120-125. In this paper is described and
figured (t. 78) a new species of Primula, P. (Aleurita) Telemachica
Klatt, which finds no 2 vitae n the ‘ Flora of British India.’
—— evalvis Wall., is said “ be ‘“ <1 ire identical with
e- Lik Fewwin oat Hance MSS.’’; but this latter
species W was 5 tally described by Dr. Hance in this ‘Journal for 1877
(p. 855), where it is said to ‘a * closely allied to L. ramosa Wall.”
. evalvis is scentless, but certainly seems otherwise to correspond
very closely with Dr. Hance’s specimen of L. Fenum-grecum in the
ns Herbarium. Under L. javanica Bl. are cited as syno-
is “ L. consobrina Hance MSS., L. decurrens Hance Herb.”

L — was published by Dr. Hance in 1866 (Ann. Sci. Nat.,

ser. V. d d

5 Sér and has since been reduced by him (Journ.
Bot., 1877, ‘eh to L. decurrens Forst.—an See a which is
borne out by Forster’s type- specimen in in the ional Herbarium

and apparently accepted by Sir Joseph Hooker, os includes New

* «Journ. Bot.,’ 1882, p. 187.

90 NOTICES OF BOOKS.

Caledonia in the distribution of the species. It is not easy to

understand why Blume’s name (1825) should take precedence of

ea a. in 1786. A new species, L. chenopodioides,
ited a

is Ci *“* Watt in Journ. Linn. Soc. ined.,’’ but it does not
appear in ‘is paper on Indian reuse recently — in the
imnean Society's Journal. Under L. prolifera Klatt,

name lineolata, under which ‘‘ Lysimachia No. 3” of Bivachey and
Winterbottom’s Himalayan Herbarium was distributed, ae
have been cited. L. obovata is quoted as of ‘‘ Herb. Ham.; Wall

Cat. 1488.” We do not know on what authority Hamilton’s name
is attached; there is certainly no plant so named in his herbarium,
and Wallich, in his nectar rather ‘ List,’--no. 1488, calls
the plant L. obovata Wall. With regard to the new species of

(index excluded ears a statement that ‘‘all the species here
for the first time Pinan Se will be found, together with figures of
them, in a paper by Dr. Wait, shortly to be publi shed in the
‘Journal of the Linnean Society’ ”; and in the ‘Flora,’ “Watt

of these. Dr. Watt's paper ges red on December 18th, and
a

a a
“* Watt’ would have had to be cited by subsequent writers as
the authority for them
e have fears referred to the new spelling of the name

Willughbeia_* Willoughbeia’’—-which is adopted throughout the
genus. At first sight this seems only another case of Chinchona v.
Cinchona. Had it been so, the innovation would have been
unjustifiable ; but coe we find that the name of the friend of
Ray, whom it commemorates, was always _ Haeneagat we are
at a loss to imagine what can have sted the alteration.
eoonpess genus Micrechites is spelt oece, but this is probably
merely a
It need ees be added that criticism of this kind does not, and
is not intended to, detract from full recognition of the value of the

work as a whole. But we venture to think that a little more
attention to the rules of Someeintine would improve what is as it
stands a most useful Flo

. M. Houmes has issued the first fasciculus, containing
25 species, of his ‘ Algew Britannice rariores exsice a Twenty

of the species are new e Britain, and the remainder :
Mr. Holmes writes :—* No. 5 (Dictyosiphon hiypuride) is sof especial
interest, since Agacch, erroneously I feel sure, r. egards it as a form

Peta ia Teall ome lt is never met with in the South
where C. flagelliformis is abundant, and in structure
aoa Beton: is so exactly a Dictyosiphon that it is difficult to

* «That excellent a Mr. Francis Willughby, lately deceased.”—Ray,
Preface to ‘ Observations,’ 1673.

NOTICES OF BOOKS. 91

understand Agardh’s determination, except by supposing that on

the shores of Norway and Sweden it is almost always found on that

plant, just as Elachista Agape or Polysiphonia fastivat are on

Fucus in this country. No. 23 is a plant which has long passed

under the name of Sphacelaria facies but it is eaue distinct from

yngbye’s plant in having fruit on the ultimate ramuli. No. 1 has
g

special branches, forming a dense velvety layer surrounding the main
eo or Lidar axes, and is therefore a Cladostephus, with which

0 it agrees in stem structure. I have therefore named his plant
Cladosbapits sles ee the . “Sphacdara plumigera.”
fasciculus is well mounted and arranged; and the specimens,

although sometimes eres on zeit of their. extreme rarity, are
well selected.
Unper the title ‘ Colin Clout’s Calendar’ (Chatto & Windus),
Mr. Grant Allen reprints a series of essays from the ‘St. James’s
azette.’ ‘* The greater number of the papers are botanical, and
hase says Mr. Allen, ‘‘I hope will be found to contain some new

found more accurate than some of the facts upon t re
based. Thus we read, ‘‘ Whenever you find a ee ng: trdaabe ly
inconspicuous plant among these families—for example, Solomon’ ee
Seal, with its small drooping sips ae blossoms—one i

to find also that it is a bulbless annual’! This is “ new, Gait idk not
true.” The essays, however, a very pleasant Taine

‘Guesses at Purpose in Nature with especial Be tnitins to
Plants,’ by W. Powell James, M.A. (8. P.C.K.), is a work which
those, ‘who do not aizoeethen ‘accept the views treated by Mr.
Grant Allen, will be glad to possess; it is carefully written, and
contains much useful a tarniaean conveyed a pleasing manner.

WE are glad to record the —— of a part (the 15th)

of Baillon’s s admirable ‘ Dictionnaire de Botanique’ (Cycl—Dict.).
Valuable as it is, its usefulness ‘will be seriously impaired unless
some means of hastening its publication be found. It is just two

years since part 14 was issued, and the first part sobeistad in 1876.
MSLEY continues to make steady progress with the
the ‘ Biologia pair an reall in the last part

issued (in January) the Conifer@ are begu

We have received Part x. of Mr. M‘ Ati s earefully-coloured

‘Botanical Atlas’ (W. & A. K. Johnston), which contains plates

devoted to Bladder Wrack and Tangle, Iceland Moss, Moss, and

Mushroom and Red cobain

Possessors of s ‘Garden’ will be grateful to Mr.

Robinson for the ‘ gt “Index to the first twenty half-yearly

volumes’ which has lately been issued.

‘Children’s Flowers’ (Religious Tract see would form a
suitable reading-book for quite young children

92 ARTICLES IN JOURNALS.

Mr. L. H. Grinpon announces a work entitled ‘The Shakspere
Flora,’ which will be issued in May by Messrs. Palmer and Howe,
of Manchester.

Dr. Carrineton and Mr. W. H. Pearson announce the publi-
cation of the third fasciculus of their useful ‘Hepatice Britannice
Exsiceate ’ (including nos. 151 to 215).

New gern —F. To — ‘Flora of Hampshire’ (London
L. Reeve, 16s.).— J. Cameron, ‘The Gaelic Names of Plants’
peop & ‘Rdbaburgh Blackwood & Sons, 7s. 6d.). — Wi.1am
Jotity, ‘John Duncan, Weaver and Botanist’ (London : Kegan
Paul, 9s.).—G. M. Tuomson, ‘The Ferns and Fern Allies of New
Zealand.’

ARTICLES IN JOURNALS

American Naturalist (Jan.).—D. H. Lanpbell, ‘ Development of
male prothallium of Horsetail.’ — G. Macloskie, ‘ Achenial Hairs
and Fibres of Composite. "—(Feb.) J. B. Ellis, ‘New Shei of
sbehas anger Fungi.’

ag. Nat. Hist. — R. Kidston, ‘ Sphenopteris crassa
Lindl, ‘& Hutt. ’ (1 plate).

Annales des Sciences Nat. (6 Sér. xv. no. 2). . H. Fabre,
‘Les Sphériacées du departement de Vasties? " (oondiade ed; 3
plates). — aoe Bainier, ‘ Observations sur les Mucorinées’ (Pirella,
gen. nov. 8 plates). —J. Vesque, ‘L’Histologie de la Feuille des

ées.’
Botanical choi: (Jan.). — Biography of L. C. 8. Rafinesque.
—A. F. Foerste, ‘ Hibern aculu um of Asarum canadense.’ —S8. T.
Fergus, ‘ piphegus rok ater ’ (1 plate).—A. P. Morgan, ‘ Kentucky
Fungi.’—(Feb.) Biography of J vows Torrey

Bcaieaisohas Centralblatt (xiii. no. 6). — * Hildebrand, ‘ Ueber
einige Falle von verborgenen edie en.’ — J. Kihn, ‘ Hi
neue Milbengalle auf dem Strausegrase (Dendroptus Kramert,

.). — (no. 7). OC. Sanio, ‘Zwei neue Moose des Dovrefjeld in
(Webera (Pohlia) trachy spedeiitis Mielichoferia defecta,
spp. nn.).—J. T. Sterzel, ‘ Dicksoniites Pluckeniti Schloth.’ (1 plate).
—T. A. Teplouchoff, ‘ Viola Willkommii, n. sp.’

Botanische a es ng (Jan.).—J. Boehm, ‘ Ueber Stiarkebildung aus
Gucker.’ — A. ary, ‘Zu Packet s Neuen Beobachtungen
iiber den Patrunhtudipssct der Gattungen Achlya und Saprolegnia.’—
(Feb.). J. Reinke, ‘ Die Autoxydation in der lebenden Pflanzenzelle.’
—J. Wiesner, ‘ Eine Bemerkung zu dem Aufzatze des Herrn. Wort-
mann ia Nutation.’

Botaniska Notiser. — BE. Adlerz, * Studier é6fver bladmossorna i
jenttlandaks fjilltrakterna 1882.’ — L. M. Neuman, ‘ Studier 6fver
Skanes och Hallands flora.’

Bulletin of Torrey — Club (Jan.) a R. Dudley, ‘Leafy
berries in Mitchella repens’ (1 plate). —G. E. Davenport, ‘ Fern
Notes’ (Aspidium Filia-mas in California ; Botrychium Speen
var. gracile; Abnormal Ferns).—G. Winter, ‘New North Am rican

ARTICLES IN JOURNALS. 93

lnoapse (Sorosporium Ellisit, Ustilago Vilfe, Gonatobotrys maculicola,
Spp. 1

Bull. Soc. Bot. Bels gique. — F. Crépin, ‘ Primitie Monographie:
Rosarum’ (cone ncluded).-—T. Durand & H. Pittier, ‘ Catalogue de la
Flore Vaudoise’ (contd.).

a (Feb. 1). — K. Kutscher, their’ die eos der
Gerbsiure im Stoffwechsel ae Pflanze.’ — (Feb. 8). J. Miiller,
‘Lichenologische Beitrige’ (Anstralian Lichens Seine Par-
melia hospitans, P. eneofusca, P. duplicata, Pertusaria Moffatiana,
. Patellaria Ramaline, Buellia ventricosa, Graphina brachyspora, spp.

nn.

Fovdaaite Chronicle (Feb. 3).—H. G. Reichenbach, ‘ T paige
cochlearis, n. sp.). — V. Ricasoli, ‘ Agave mexicana’ . 22).
Feb. 10). Be rc. Baker, ‘ Agave Alibertit’ (Alibertia intermedia

Marion).—(Feb. 17). W. T. T. i ‘ Zamia an
Calodendron — 30). —— (Feb. 24). M. T. Masters, Pinus
Peuke’ (figs. 82-84) : P. soli (fig. 35). ae B. Biden, ‘ Abnormal

florescence in Cactus speciosissimus’ (fig.

Geological Mag gazine, — meted Car Bn it “On the foliage of
beset sh lit Brongn’ (1 plate).

l of Royal Mier scope Society. —G. F. Dowdeswell, ‘On
a Phat Sibi of parasitical Protop

Magyar Novénytani Lapok Ud an.).—L. ee ‘ Inula hybrida
Baumg.’—J. L. Ho i : "Myeological Not

Midland Naturalist
fication of the Uredinea. o_W. Phillips, ‘ Truffles in ceeoganie
J. E. Bagnall, ‘ Pik 3 f Warwickshire’ ( Umbellifere, contd.).

Nacure (Feb. 15). — ase Lope ei ‘ Two kinds of Stamens with
different functions in the s

Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Italians an. 30). — A. Goiran, Belg is
Flore Veronensis’ (contd.: Orchidacee and Iridacee). — C.
rt ‘Monstruositd osservata nel fiore del genere Iris’ (1 plate.
—G. Arcangeli, ‘ Osservazioni sull’ impollinazione in aleune Aracee.’
—L. Macchiati, ‘ Sull’ accrescimento intercalare della Lonicera
chinensis.

(sterr. Bot. Zeitschrift. — B. Blocki, ‘ Zur Flora von Galizien.’
—J. B. Keller, < “gees, were perenne — J. B. Wiesbaur, ‘ Zur
Flora des epee nd Comitates.’ — D. Hire, ‘Zur Flora von
Croatien.’ — A. Kerner, ‘Schede ad Floram mere Austro-
Hungaricam.’—P. G. St robl, ‘ Flora des Etna’ (contd.

Proc. Linn. Soe. N. S. Wales (vol. vii., part 8). —J. E. Tenison-
Woods, ‘ Botanical Notes on "ea ta ‘A coal-plant from
Queensland’ en rotiferum, 0. sp. oolls, ‘ Forage-
plants indigenous to New South Wal H. Bennett,
* Myoporum Sladen” fanes fone etal " Pertilinations of Philo.
theca australis and Boronia pinnata.’

Quarterly Journ. Se tnapical Science (Jan.). — E. Klein, ‘On
the relations of Pathogenic and Septic Bacteria.’ —- L. Elsley,
Kw S Cells and living Matter.’-- F. O. Bower, ‘On Blastactyis
and i sattne upon the relation between the cell-wall and
aici (1 plate).

cee
ze
7
=
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a
5
a
=
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‘8
ay
“MR
ds

94

LINNEAN SOCIETY OF LONDON.

December 7, 1882.—- Sir J. Lubbock, Bart., President, in oe
chair.—The following gentlemen were elected Fellows of the
ciety : — The Rev. R. Baron, F. O. Bower, T. H. Corry, O. 4
Fraser, D. Houston, A. W. Howitt, H. McCallum, E. % Petherick,
S. Rous, and H. C. Stone.— The Rev. R. P. Murray showed speci-
mens of ge Song Vicia Orobus, and Phlomis fruticosa, obtained
by him last s in Somerset. — Mr. Dyer exhibited and ex.
plained maps illustrative of the Phylloxera in Spain and Portugal.
In 1881 there was only one infested centre to the east of Oporto
in 1882 there wie five others, and there could be little doubt
that it would over the whole of northern Portapal . In Spain the
vineyards of the province of Malaga were more than two-thirds
infested ; there seemed no hope that any would escape, and
the consequent loss would be very great, as the annual value of

hat of al

roducts was a mi
other agricultural products put together. — Mr. Dyer also exhibited
photographs of the cultivation of Cinchona succirubra se eight. to
ten years old, 25-80 ft. high) and C. officinalis in Ceylon.— A paper
by J. G. Otto Tepper was read, wherein he recounted the discovery
by him, near Adelaide, South hestealig’ of above ninety species of
Tasmanian plants. — A contribution by Dr. W. Nylander and
the Rev. J. bss Crombie was read, ‘“‘On a Collection of Exotic
Ticheria’ made in mage Asia by the teks Dr. A, G, Maingay.”

Those iGumests d were from British Burmah, China and Japan
some are Snteresting as eth el of Lichen distribution, and
others as new eo and ties. — The Rey. R. P. Murray

varieti
afterwards mad yeti on Sweraits flowers of Hoya
carnosa sacdtiain fertile flow

-21~—A...W. por 2 , M.A., in the chair.—Prof. A.
Ernst, of Caracas, and Dr. ¥ C. Uinlaake, of Ceylon, were elected
Fellows.—Mr. Thos. H. Corry read a paper ‘On the Development
and Mode of Fertilization of the Leetaon of Asclepias Cornuti Dene.,’
of which the following is ary :—R. Brown (1809), J. B.
Payer Page and 7 Schacht, Jaan all made Asclepias the subject
of careful study. Mr. Corry has nevertheless been able to add
new observations thereto. The large disk-shaped body which

rmed
of the two fees pre and not by shat of the two stigmas. He has

dries a ardens,
processes of the connective; he has further ascertained, in |

opposition to the ideas of ce ag and Brongniart, that at five points,

?

LINNEAN SOCIETY OF LONDON, - 96

directly opposite the five alar fissures, a slight means of communi-

of the five anthers, five radial furrows are in consequence left, by
means of which the papillar tissue of the stigma, which he finds
clothes the whole inferior surface of the stigma- ‘disk, is exposed.
rom a very complete study of the different stages in the deve elop-

ment of the pollen-mass in Aselepias, : appears that this genus
presents, in its entire details, a perfectly unique, isolated, an

peculiar case of formation. The setae stages are only to be found
paralleled in the single instance of Zostera (which had been studied
by W. Hofmeister), a genus that affords either the most primitive
or the most aberrant type of pollen formation known. The later

kingdom. The late period iy which the tapetum persists, and the

conversion of those walls its cells whieh adjoin the contents
of the loculus into cutin ‘ form the firm investing membrane
of the pollen-mass, the absence of an endothecium, and the e peculiar
mode of Heaton of the anthers, are among the especially note-
worthy features. In connection with fertilization, the mode of
ormation i

other is elucidated, and these series are shown to be of two kinds,
viz., unilateral and dichotomous. Cross-fertilization is the great
law in Aselepias, and in some eases it is requisite that the cross
should be not onl between distinct flowers, but between those
of distinct individuals produced from seed in order that progeny
may result, the plant apparently being self-impotent to its own
pollen. Mr. Baker then read the second part of his ‘ Contributions
to the Flora of Madagascar,’ in which he dealt with the deserip-
tions of about one hundred and sixty new gamopetalous dicoty-
ledons, gathered in Madagascar by recent English is cea
especi ially ¢ the Rey. R. Baron, F.L.8.. of the London Missio
ociety. The most interesting is Schismatoclada, a new genus
of Rubiacee allied to Cinchona. The other new genera are Tetra-
spidium, of the group of semiparasitic sila arena such as
Pedicularis and Melampyrum, which turn completely black in
ing, remarkable for its four shield-shaped one- “celled anthers ;

Franciscan monk. Of representatives of well-known European
genera the present collection includes two species of Anagallis
nearly allied to tenella, two Ajugas, a Salvia, two Micromerias, three
species of Stachys, five Senecios, three Cynoglossums; and a Lysi-
machia. The genera represented mn most largely are Da nais, ee
Helichrysum, Gabi Clerodendron and Hypoestes, There i a single
species of the beautiful Avaitiasious genus Strobilanthes, ‘which i is

96 LINNEAN SOCIETY OF LONDON.

rupeasentodi in India get one a hundred species, and a new Vinca,
allied to rosea. Of endemic genera, known previously in the

Island, there are new ers of Aspilia; Epallage and Oncostemum.
of Cape types the principal are a Lightfootia, a Halleria, an —
and two heaths of the genus Philippia. —Mr. Baker also ¢

from Fiji, named, but not characterised by ohn Horne, in his
recently- -published report to Sir Arthur Gordon on the economic
' :

Journal for 1882 (p. 27).--The Rev. J. M. Crombie read a short
paper on additions to the Lichens of the ‘ Challenger’ Expedition.

January 18, 1888.—Sir John Lubbock, Bart., President, in the
chair. The following gentlemen were elected Fellows of the
mar Edwd. A. L. Batteris, Alf. J. Burrows, Edgar F. Cooper,

Prof. J. A. Harker, and Geo. Lewis. — Mr. H. Groves exhibited a
specimen of Ranunculus opihnogloest/oteus from Hampshire (see p. 51).
—A paper was read, ‘‘On the fali of branchlets in the Aspen
(Populus irvinilis), x by Samuel G. Shattock. The author remarks
that in the exogenous trees, with some a w exceptions, the death of

vere tiie changes w ich render "it so brill that it is readily
snapped across. In this sere the living parenchyma of the bark
i

a
efining the living from the dead structures. In a few cases
demarcation ensues in the pith and trees rays, the woody

tissue and bast-fibres alone remaining continuous. After separation
of the dead stump, the fractured surface is covered in by an over-
growth of new tissue produced from the cambium. There is still

another process, named many years ago by the Rev. M. J, Berkeley

Cladoptosis.”” In this externally the union of the branchlet with
the branch shows a marked enlargement similar to what occurs at
the base of petioles. Through the middle of this disarticulation
takes place. A longitudinal section shows a general increase of the
medullary area, wood, and cortical system.

We are glad to learn that it has been decided to open Kew
Gardens to the public at 12 instead of 1 p.m. When the agitation
which has resulted in this satisfactory alteration was first set on
oot, we expressed an opinion (Journ. Bot., 1878, p. 128) that
0)

e

danger of interference with the strictly scientific work of the
Gardens was “‘ wholly in apprehension”; and we shall be surprised
if the Kew officials find any cause to complain of the consequences
of a concession which might, we venture to think, have been more
generous than it is at present,

¢

PL. 236.

¥ Townsend del. INFite lich

ce Pachnthes capitata Willd.var: sphaerocephala Towns.
eum Pers. var. capitata Koch.
L Reeve & C® London

PL. 237.

HEN\;
{ big 3
cy / eM I,
4
f

Se ee eee ee eer ee

F Townsend del. E JN Fitch Lith

Erythraea capitata Welld.var, spharocephala Zowns.

L Reeve & C° London

97

A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS SELAGINELLA.
By J. G. Baxer, F.B.S., &c.
(Continued from p. 84.)

ag Jamesoni, n. sp.—Stems very slender, trailing, stra-
s, 8-6 in long, sulcate on both faces, forked and distantly
hes

Leaves dimorphous, those of the lower plane lax except towards
the tip of the branches, LEE patent, pate: oblong, subobtuse,
n. long, moderately firm in texture, more rounded on the lower
side ‘of the distinct raidvib, “qaneate on both sides at the base,
obscurely ciliated ; leaves of — plane half as long, oblong, acute,
ascending. Spikes very short, 3 lin. diam.; bracts ovate, thin in
texture, strongly keeled, acute, but not cuspidate
Andes of Ecuador near Quito, Taian Sodiro! A
near ally of S. delicatissima.
. S, panurensis, n. sp.—Stems densely matted, 1-2 in. long,
distantly pinnately branched, the branches simple or slightly

- upper side not cordate nor imbricated over the stem, not ciliated ;
e as long, oblong, acute, not
, much imbricated, strongly keeled. Spikes short,
oo 4 lin. diam.; bracts ovate-lanceolate, crowded, strongly
eele
Hab. Panuré, on Ba Rio Uapes, North Brazil, Spruce 2861!
4. S. vestien sp.—Stems densely matted, about an inch
long, forked and copioualy pinnately = ched, with short 2-3-
cate branches. Leaves of the lower plane crowded, oblong-
lanceolate, acute, cents. 3—3 lin. ees , green, moderately firm in
texture, more produe ed on the upper side of the distinct midrib,
ted on bot

cilia: on h sides near the base, the upper cordate and

imbricated over the stem ; hae of the upper pla a third

as long, ovate, acute, ‘imbri ted. Spikes short, copious,
lin.

square, $-3 diam. ; bracts tote ianostlate. Prenat strongly
keeled.

Goyaz, on the Morro de Canto Gallo, on shaded rocks,

e-. Hab.
oo Burchell!
| 35. S. cladostachya, n. sp.—Stems trailing, about an inch
long, distantly agreed branched, the short branches usually
simple. Leaves of the lower plane ovate-lanceolate, subacute,
= a long, odsentaly firm in texture, the midrib distinct, those
as he main = spreading and rather spaced, those “ the branches

a ae

_ ¢rowded, ascending, imbricated, incurved, all the margin shortly
ciliated, ‘the upper near the base more distinctly so, its base cordate
and so much imbricated over the stem that the latter is quite
hidden; leaves of the upper plane half as long, ovate, acute,
OURNAL OF Bortany.—Vou. 21. [Apriz, 1883.] H

98 A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS SELAGINELLA.
reo pape Spikes very short; bracts ovate-lanceolate, strongly
keele

Hab. Goyaz, on the Morro de Canto Gallo, with S. vestiens,
Burchell !
36. avirotia A. Br. in Ann. Se. Nat., ser. 5, vol. iii., 272.—
Stems very slender, pale, trailing, 2-3 in. lo ong, flat on the faces,
with numerous alternate pinnately-arranged ae or slightly
Seaomad erecto-patent branches. Leaves of the lower plane
ascending, suborbicular, obtuse, 34 lin. long, pale sheen, firm in
texture, flat, the midrib distinct, “the ‘edge ramentnest the ee
half much more produced, cordate’ at an
imbricated over the stem; leaves of the upper aaah hal as
a oblong, acute, much ‘imbricated. Spikes very short, 1 lin.
racts ovate, much imbricated, acute, not alee
seshialy keeled.

Hab. Andes of Bogota, Lindig 1511! Well marked by its
poe te habit, nearly simple branches, and pale close orbicular
rigid le

37. S. ‘trifurcata, n. sp.—Stems very slender, pale, trailing,
6 in. ees angled on the faces, regularly pinnately branched,
with short 2-8-furcate erecto-patent branches. Leaves of the lower
plane close, spreading, ovate, acute, very oblique, 4 lin. long, flat,
pale green, firm in texture, ‘denticulate, much more produced on

imbricated over the stem; leaves of the upper plane half as long,
as, seg. ages much imbricated. Spikes copious, short, ak
$1 cuspidate ly ke: i
“in 2 Panuré, on the oo Uapes, Spruce! Habit of serpens, but
sar gio in the le
s. yotoges, n. valent slender, trailing, densely
asmainuicd: “D8 in, long, the erecto-patent branches simple or
ae compo ound. —— of the lower plane crowded even on the

ae moderate 7 rm in ‘texture, dilated, cordate, strongly ‘ciliated
and much imbricated over the stem on the upper side at the base ;
leaves of the upper plane a third as long, oblique cs acute, much
imbricated. Spikes short, sharply square, 4 lin. diam. ; bracts
ovate, pera tober strongly keeled.
e ground on the banks of the Rio Uapes, North
Brazil, auhias a90e An ally of S. radiata, rom which it differs
by its short decumbent stems and crowded lea
. §. tarapotensis, n. sp.—Stems trailing. 8-6 i in. long, sub-
terete « on back and face, ey pinnate, the lower branches elon-

gated and copiously compound. Leaves of the lower plane close or
rather spaced, oblong- fenrceblke. acute, $~1 lin. long, bright green,
moderately firm in texture, ore produced on the upper side of

over the branch; leaves of the upper plane half as long, suborbicular,
with a very long cusp. Spikes copious, rice }+4 in. long, 1 lin.
diam. ; bracts very dense, ovate cuspidate

A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS SELAGINELLA. 99

Hab. In North West Peru on Mont Campana and Mont
oe near Tarapota, Spruce 4625!

4 acanthostachys, n. sp.—Stems very slender, trailing,
angled on “both back and face, 2-4 in. long, copiously pinnate, the

bra
lanceolate, acute, 4-3 in. long, bright green and moderately firm
in texture, ascending, spaced, except at the tip of the branchlets,
a little more produced on the upper side of the distinct midrib, its
edge shortly rigidly ciliated, its base very cordate and much im-
bricated over the branch; leaves of the upper plane 4-4 as long,
oblique i cuspidate, ‘incurved. Spikes copious, square, 4—1 in.
long, 4-3 lin. diam.; bracts ovate-lanceolate, rigid, very acuminate.

Hab. In North "West Peru, on Mont Campana, aha !

S. srevires Fée Fil. Bras. 226, tab. 75, fig. 1.—Stems
trailing, 4-6 in. long, flat on the back, convex on the face, copiously
innate, the lower branches elongated and copiously compound.
Leaves of the lower plane crowded, spreading or rather ascending,
Shlsasiactiaallts, subacute, 3-1 a long, bright green and mode-
rately firm in texture, much more produced on the upper side of

cordate and much imbricated over the branch; leaves of the upper
plane 4-+ as long, broad ovate, with a long cusp. Spikes square,
t-+j in. long, 3 lin. diam Dino ovate cuspidate, strongly keeled.
a On the Tejuca Mountains, ea r Rio Janeiro, Burche .
3008 ! ‘Serra das Orgaos, pre 2241
42 . Lindbergii, n. sp.—Stems eee intermatted, 3-6
in. long, terete on the back, angled on the face, forked low down,
copiously pinnate, the branches ascending, the lower copiously
compound. Leaves of the lower plane close or slightly spaced on
the branches, spreading, oblong-lanceolate, subacute, 3-1 lin. long,
roduced on the upper side of the midrib, with a strongly

1
across the branch; texture moderately firm; upper border rather
revolute; leaves of the upper panes a third as long, broad ovate,
shortly cuspidate. Spikes copious, }—1 in long, 1 lin. diam., square ;
bracts ovate, acute, strongly kee ed.

Hab. Min inas arr ee Lindberg! In St. Paulo, on the
Serra de ae Bure

48. §S. ih nr a vaginata Liebm., non Spring.—
Stems tailing ng, 1-3 in. cm a ously pinnately branched, with
short copiously sameatit ae se patent branches. Leaves

of the lower plane crowded, ascending, oblong- inn soaks acute, at
most a line long, moder ately firm in te xture, more produced on the
Coons side of the distinct midrib, shortly agi through the lower
lf of the upper ae cordate pan an base so that the branch is
hidden ; leaves of the r plan as lon er ovate, muc
bricated, shortly eile: " Spikes ih 4 in. long, 4 lin. diam.,
not sharply square ; bracts ovate-lanceolate.
exico, in the province of Vera Cruz, Liebmann !
4. S. serrens Spring Mon. ii. (102. — S. variabilis, varians,
mutabilis, and jamaicensis, Hort. Lycopodium serpens, Desy.—Stems

100 rcs, A NEW POLVGONUM.

densely matted, quite trailing, reaching a length of 6-9

copiously pinnately branched, with numerous erecto-patent Tightly
compound branches. Leaves of the lower plane crowded, spread-
ing, $ lin. long, ovate-oblong, obtuse, bright green, moderately
firm in texture, the distinct midrib nearly central, both sides
rounded and ciliated at the as ; leaves of the upper plane a

third as long, oblique oblong, acute. Spikes square, }+-4 in. long,
3 lin. diam.; bracts broad share snbridate; ‘crowded, strongly
keeled.

Hab. West Indies. Cultivated in gardens since the days of
Miller, and well known from the change that takes place in the
colour of the leaves at different times of the day. Spring’s Mexican

plant is 8. Schiedeana

(To be continued.)

A NEW POLYGONUM, OF THE SECTION
PLEUROPTERUS.
By H. F. Hance, Pua.D., &c.

au Polygonum (Prevrorrervus) Forbesii, sp. nov. — Caule erecto
fistuloso vix flexuoso simplici angulato striato-sulcato minute

plurimis liberis more Phymatodis preeditis utrinque preter costam
nervosque minute muriculatos glabris subtus glaucescenti-pallidis
cire. 3 poll. acieies petiolo muriculato a lin. meee ocreis
scariosis cylindricis truncatis 24 lin. lon dem deciduis,
paniculis axillaribus multifloris petiolo 2-3 ‘ie’ Sorasoribass, bracteis
ovatis acutiusculis, floribus hermaphroditis, pedicellis apice in-
crassatis supra basin —— perigonii segmentis oblongis
obtusis exterioribus in alas secus pedicellum decurrentes expansis
crescentibus, achzenio aide trigono angulis incrassatis minute
— lateribus concavis levibus, stylo brevissimo stigmatibus
aciniatis
Chi-fu, ad templum (sic gen! bambusarum, d. 17 Sept.
a. detegerunt F. B. Forbes . R. Carles. (Herb. propr.
9

An interesting nae Me = small group to which it belongs,
very distinct by the for s leaves. Besides the four species
enumerated ay Bentham a Hocker fil.,* I have no doubt that

t

to the section ao where its founder place I have
been _— are e with all fi
s not eaicak sadness that I dedicate this, the last botanical

cievalty haat from him, to my accomplished friend F. B. Forbes,
one of its discoverers, who, to my deep regret, and very unfortu-
nately for the interests of Chinese Botany, has recently bidden a
final farewell to the Central Kmpire.

‘Gen. Plant.,’ iii., 99. t ‘Act. hort. Petrop.,’ iv., 77,

101

ON THE FLORA OF THE UPPER TAMAR AND
NEIGHBOURING DISTRICTS.*
By tHe Rev. W. Movie Rogers, F.L.S.

(Continued from p. 47).

Wahlenbergia heder 63 Reich.—IV. Near Okehampton
Ligustrum vulgare L.—Common and I think native in all the
districts,

Vinca minor L.—ITI. Bridgerule; denizen. Wood in Pyworthy;
perhaps native.

Erythrea pulchella Fries. Ses Bude (Hind), on Efford Down, in
good quantity. Near Tackbea

Chlora perfoliata Li.—I. Now Bude, in several directions and
great quantity. Near Stratton, to the east, fairly abundant. Lacks
dagen Sodas} for = vice-county in ‘ Topographical Botany.’
Very rare in 8.W. England.

Men a. nthes eas L.—II. Bridgerule Bog (Upper and
Lower) and Scotland Bog; abundant.

Convolvulus Soldanelia L.—1. Widmouth.

Cuscuta y ere Murr.—I. Sambcast from Sandymouth to
Widmouth; frequent.

Antirrhinum Orontium L.—IIL. Bridgerule; one plant in Vicarage
ss colonist.

Veronica Buxbaumit Ten.—I. Bude. II. and III. Bridgerule.
Probably quite sae

V. montana L.—IlI. Bridgerule.

V. scutellata L.—I. Tackbear (var. pubescens). Wainhouse
Corner. II. and III. Remarkably frequent in ditches as well as in
bogs. IV. Okehampton.

V. Anagallis L.—I. Near Bude (Hind) :—by the stream at the
N.W. end of Summerleaze Down, several plants; and in ditches
near the river, in considerable quantity.

Euphrasia sien L., var. tetraquetra.—I. Willa Park Point;
fairly abundan

Bartsia viscosa L.—II. Wilsworthy Moor, in plenty ; perhaps
the es ee - ee Baker’s ‘‘ Roadside near ee tston

ris L.—I. Near Bude. Bet n Whitstone
and I cae eee = By eal at Rogers “cad for miles
north and south of it, in great quantity. IL. Bridgerule Bog.

apeatce E oor seen in all the districts, though not included
in Dr. Hind’s

* I am indebted to the Rev. R. P. ae = directing my attention to ek
misleading way in which I have used the * Peninsula” in m
alium sylvestre (p. 40). I meant by it the loonie of Sei and Cornwall
re in Mr. Watson's a Cornwall is “ W, Peninsula,” Devon “ Mid Pen
8 sul

102 FLORA OF THE UPPER TAMAR AND NEIGHBOURING DISTRICTS.

Melampyrum pr rontet L.--I. Tackbear. IV. Near Okehampton.
Bacar ned uncomm

bena officinalis t —J. Stratton and Launcells Road. Mar-

iegekorsh:, near the village. Boscastle. Trevalga. Tintagel.

=
=
Es
0g
©
a
a
=
=
ae
age
io»)
oO
_
Pu
°
=
©
en)
~

escape.
M. sativa L., a. rivalis and b. paludosa (and especially the latter)
are common in all the districts. ;
Ori, ae vulgare L.—I11. Roadside near Lew Down for a short
dis

Cilansntha Clinopodium Spenn.—IILI. Bridgerule. Lifton. Un-
common.

C. a Host.—-Common, but rather locally so, in all the
distric

Mah issa officinalis L.—I. Between Stratton and Launcells. Near
Marhamehureh. Boscastle. ILI. Bridgerule. Always near house
or garden.

Salvia Verbenaca L.—I. About Bude crea in some quantity.

Apparently rare, as I have seen it nowhere else.
: Scutellaria galericulata L.—Il. Beitrarcle: by the Canal. III.
Bridgerule, by the river.
minor Li.—I. Bog between Wainhouse Corner and Tresparrot.

Bridgerule. III. Scotland Bog. Bridge Moor. Bridgerule
Bog. IV. Near Okehampton

Stachys ambigua Sm.—I. Between ee ee and Bridgerule.
IV. Near Okehampton. New record for N. Devo

Lamium album L.—ILI, About Pyworthy a Holsworthy,
close to the town, frequent. IV. About Ok at Very local ;
not seen at all on the Cornish side of the

L. Galeobdolon Crantz.—IV. a Ouchi

Lithospermum a L.—I Sactiedes Sowa: north-east
end, in some quanti

Myosotis bode ng Schultz. —Il. and HI. Bridgerule, common.

M. palustris With.--II. Roadside ditches near Whitstone and
at Bennieott in the erties and Kilkhampton Road, in fair
quan a

M. ens Don. tn Stibb. oy Tage ger is ro haa
Whitston 4 or -, common. Queried for Hast Cornwall in “ Top
graphical Botany,” Was in Fl, Pies Mr. Briggs gives s vid
jebalitios for it in both his E. Comvall districts. III. Bridgerule
and neighbourhood, quite comm
M. versicolor Reich.—III. Bitdgeruls: IV. Near Okehampton.
ae officinalis L.— I. Boscastle; rather abundant, but not

ane ytum ati L.—Il. Whitstone, two or three plants by
well just opposite a cottage. Boscastle. Plainl y only denizen

Pinguicula Nasthaniba L.—IlI. Scotland and Bridgerule Bogs.

Lysimachia nemorum L.—I. St. os on’s Kieve. Il. and Ill.
Bridgerule. Apparently not very common

FLORA OF THE UPPER TAMAR AND NEIGHBOURING DIsTRIcTs. 103

Anagallis tenella L.—Quite common

Centunculus — L.—I. Launcells, roadside. II. bce
frequent. Quarry at St. Stephen’s. III. Bridgerule and Fyens
ee Rome in roadside ditches and wet ground generally.

e binervosa G. EK. Sm.—I. Bude (Hind), on the ‘« Castle

Rook,” pees patches. Boscastle, in plenty. Dr. Hind names
his Bude plant ‘“ Dodartii.””. I am inclined to place all I saw at ~
Bude and at ee under var. intermedia; but then I do not
understand Dodart

Plantago lagoestee L.—b. Timbali. I. Bude. Introduce

P. maritima L.—-I. Near Tresparrot, more than a mile laa:
as well as by the sea robes
; P. es onopus L.—I. Seen only in the immediate neighbourhood
of the

Ban matin L.—I. Boseastle.

Chenopodium polyspermum L. aT Field near Tackbear

C. Bonus-Henricus L.—I. Between bets and Launcells, on
waste ground not far from a farm hous

Atriplex angustifolia Sm.—Com ae in all the districts.

A, erecta Huds.—Il. and Ill. Bridgerule.

A, deltoidea Bab.—I. Badh

A. Smithii thant —II. Bridgerule. IV. Okehampton.

Rumex Schrad.—b. sanguineus. I. Between Poughill
and Bude, in se aalecabke quantity.

R. pulcher L.—I, Cliffs a astle.

R. pratensis M. & K.—I. Near Launcells. II. Bridgerule, by
Canal. III. hips and 5 amg rather frequent. IV. Oke-
hampton. New record for N. Dev

Polygonum Vapatiefolsuan L.—L. "Rouse near Burrow. II. and
III. Bridgerule. IV. Okehampto

P. Bistorta L.—I1. Badgerils, by a tiny streamlet in ‘“‘ Church
in fair quantity. I suppos ‘eg one uralized.

Parietaria diffusa Koch.—I. Tintagel. . St. Stephen’s. IV.
Okehampton. Certainly uncommon or os in the Teign Basin)

ry local

Humulus Lupulus L.—I. Between Stibb and Sandymouth. Near
Bude. Marhamchurch. Hollow east of Stratton. Hoeaete: Possibly
native in one or two of these fe tarts though as a rule suspiciously
near house or garden. ‘ idgerule, near es village
Bridgerule, Churchyard hedge as in the road near. IV. Oke-
hampton and Sticklepa

Ulmus suberosa Bhrh. —II. and Ill. Bridgerule. I think only
denizen.

U. montana 8m.—I. Near Bude. IV. Okehampton.

Quercus Robur L., ¢. sessiliflora.—t. Stratton and Marham
church Road. II. Between canal and river north of Bridgernle:
III. Fields about Bridgerule Bog, in plenty. Apparently very
local, a. pedunculata being the common form.

Betula alba L.—I. I. II. All three forms seem common.
IV. Okehampton ee ver Agena p

Myrica Gale L.—III. Bridgerule Bog, in plenty. New record

n.

104 TWO NEW BERMUDAN PLANTS.

vi ee tremula Li.—I. Near Launcells; Tackbear Lane. II.
Whitsto iI. Bridgerule and Pyworthy. Rather frequent as a
hedge- asks and apparently native

Salix triandra L.—III. Bridge Moor, one tre

S. repens Li.—I. Between Wainhouse ae and Tresparrot.
Il. and Ill. Bridgewater, frequent. I have observed no other
species except ssh ita ig caprea, and (I think) alba. Cinerea
and aurita are both com

Typha latifolia L.—IL. ‘By canal, near Littlebridge, and south
of Bridgerule.

Seangniuen ramosum Huds.—I. Il. II. Common.

Lemna minor Li.—tI. I. IT. Common.

Potamogeton natans L.—ILl. Pools in Tatson Lane, and
Hockin’s Moor Plantation, Bridgerule.

P. polygonifolius Pour.—I. Between Wainhouse Corner and
Tresparrot. ILI. Bridge Moor. IV. Okehampton. New record
(as segregate) for N. Devon.

P. crispus L.—IlI. Canal at Bridgerule, in plenty. Ifl. Bridge-
rule Mill-stream. Not in ‘ Topographical Botany ’ for either vice-
county; but it is found felhout special localities) in Dr. Hind’s
list, and Mr. Briggs “crepe Bot., 1882, p. 287) has recorded it from
St. "Kew w, in E. Corn

P. ee L. aa "Canal at Bridgerule. III. Bridgerule Mill-
strea

(To be continued.)

TWO NEW BERMUDAN PLANTS.
By W. B. Hemstey, A.L.S.

Wirs the exception perhaps of the Palms, which are at present
imperfectly known, the following are the only probably endemic
flowering planted in the Bermudas. I sa robably endemic,
because I think it equally probable that these forms may occur on
the American continent, or in the West ies, as well as in the
Bermudas. In this poverty of the endemic element the ——
of the aes finds a parallel in the flora of the Azores
Erigeron Darrellianus, n. sp. — Perennis, habitu foliisque

Conyz@ abet: a qua differt capitulis radiatis minoribus numerosi-
oribus, &¢.—Herba perennis, ut videtur 1-2 ped. alta, basi lignosa,
caulibus basi ponte floriferis basi ex foliatis, superne g graciliter
corymboso-paniculatis. Folia sessilia, confertissima, membra anacea,
oblongo-lanceolata vel oblanceolata, usque ad 8 poll. longa, apicu-
lata, integra vel utrinque pauci apiculato-dentata, undique sparse
pilosula, ee acy gradatim minora, discreta. Capitula numero-
sissima, 3-4 lineas diametro; involueri bractew circiter 8 seriate,
ineequales, eg margine scariose ; ligule 30-85, 2-seriate ()
angustissime, bracteas 1-2 lineas superantes. ¢
desunt) sparse pilosula; pappi sete ont -Seriate, eee
rupibus maritimis Bermude, Lefroy ;

TWO NEW BERMUDAN PLANTS. 105

This Frigeron is in habit a very distinct species ; Ait it may
have acquired its distinctive character from its habitat in the
islands in a comparatively short period. In habit, folingtés and
even achenes, it bears so strong a resemblance to the Brazilian
Conyza rivularis Gardn. that I could not resist the comparison. Of
course the dec cage ray, as the genera are limited, would stamp it
as an Hrigero

The name ot the Hon. J. H. Darrell has been associated with
this plant as an acknowledgment of a service rendered to Botany
in his communications to Sir J. H. Lefroy. Mr. Darrell is a native
of the islands, and the oldest ahaa and he pie recorded
some useful information respecting the introduction of certain
plants, not only of facts within his own memory, but also of others
transmitted from his father

Statice Lefroyi, n. sp. —_§. Bahusiensi affinis, differt seaporum
multo elatiorum ramulis gracillimis rectiusculis bracteis floribusque

triente parte brevioribus, &c.— Herba glabra, siccitate palli da,
saltem bipeda alis. ree olia oblonga, lanceolata tad oblance ae) apice
obtusissima vel rotundata, sub apice mucrone recto rigidiusculo

instructa, basi in este um on eae dassaatin distincte

pennivenia, cum petiolo 6-12 poll. longa. Scapus bipedalis,
fistulosus, parte inferiore, somes in siccis, angulatus, anguste
ramoso-paniculatus, ramulis ultim iformis fere rectis; spicule
dissitz, 1-2 floree, cum mises iio 3 lineas longer ; bractew late
scarioso-hyaline, vix acute, extima eam longa, in

e Flores cerulei; calycis tubus costatus, costis sat
setulosis ; limbi lobis wahaceie: ima basi tantum coalita,

bi petala ima
spatulata, emarginata ; filamenta leviter dilatata; ovarium gla-
rum, 5-a ngwiararts sie a basi liberis. — In salsuginosis Wal-
singham Bermuda, L

This is een 8 the same plant identified as Statice - ea

Nutt. ts hat the true S. Caroliniana Nut
not able to ioliae "as the Bermudan plant is quite distinct from
othe. I have seen from North America. Its nearest affinity is
S. Bahusiensis, from which it is distinguishable at a glance,
ene the technical characters that separate the species are slight.
The differences are chiefly in the habit and stature of the plant,
the mode of branching of the panicle, the slenderness and straight-
ness of the ultimate branchlets, the size of the spikelets, and the
size, consistence, and shape of the bracts. Dr. Asa Gray regards

rodromus.’ I think myself there are pa cba represented by
the eastern North American specimens I as Gene ir
enry Lefroy was formerly Governor iy rmudas, and

uring his governorship he collected a pee ae number of wild

plants that we have seen from no other source, to say nothing of

~ important historical works connected with the sia that he
as edited.

r

106

ON SPHARELLA AND ITS ALLIES.
y M. C. Cooxe, M.A., LL.D
(Continued from page 71).
Sub-genus [1.—SpuH#ReLLA GENUINA.
Sporidia uniseptate.
3*Spherella aquatica Cke. Rav. Amer. Fungi, No. 690.
Hypophylla. Peritheciis aaa, atro- biewanei, in maculas orbi-

Ascis clavato- een gia Sporidiis elongato-ellipticis, uniseptatis,
a au 02x -0
ves of Ouariiis aquatica, Darien, Georgia.

PHERELLA SUCCINEA in Desm. Exs. No. 1794.—
Sporidia ‘Ol mm. ae ong and sot half as broad.
On oak lea

There is no me reason for transferring this species to another
genus, than there would be for the transfer of Spherella Typhe Lasch.,

out an index
tea it is s impossible to know Soeeit to look for it in the ‘ Sylloge.’
ERELLA PHELLOS w.) Cke.; Spheria Phellos rane
No. 180 05. —Hypophylila. Peritheeiis, paucis sparsim in macul
griseo-fusca aggregatis, pagina aversa innatis, pro oikiniedis peed
globosis, minutis, nigris, pertusis. Ascis clavatis. Sporidiis arcte
ellipticis, uniseptatis, hyalinis (‘O08—-01 x -0025 mm.

On leaves of Quercus Phelios. South Carolina, North America.

17*Spherella Podocarpi Cooke. — Amphigena. Peritheoiis
numerosis, atris, epidermide tectis. Ascis cylindrico-clavatis. Spo-
ridiis elongato- -ellipticis ci ohm am (012 x ‘003 mm.).

On leaves of Podocarpus, Java (Kurz

Often the perithecia occupy the entire surface of the leaf.

18. Spherella Taxodii Cke. in Rav. Fungi Amer., No. 686.—
Amphigena. Peritheciis sparsis, subprominulis, atris (-18 mm.
diam.) poro pertusis. Ascis cylindricis. Sporidiis arcte ellipticis,
par ara hyalinis (-008 x ‘0025 mm.).

ves of Tavodium distichum. South Carolina, N. America.

22% ‘Spherelia Prini Cke. Rav. Amer. Fungi, No. 753. Epi-
phylla, sparsa, vel tota pagina occupans. Paritheosis semi-innatis,
prominulis, atris. Ascis clavatis, sessilibus. Sporidiis minutissimis,
arcte ellipticis, utrinque obtusis, uniseptatis, hyalinis (- et “0018
mm.

On leaves of Prinos glaber. §. Carolina.

Perithecia 0:1 to 0°14 run diam.

38*Spherella platanifolia Cke.—Hypophylla, sparsa. Peri-
theciis exiguis, atris, semi- promtoacs , punctiformibus. Ascis cla-
vatis, sessilibus. Sporidiis biseriatis, oir uniseptatis,

hyalinis, loculo inferiore tenuiore (-008 x 004 mm.

On leaves of Platanus occidentalis. Georgia, U. S. Rav. Amer.
Fungi, No. 756.

Sebstasin Septoria plantanifolia Rav. Fungi Amer., No. 27.

ON SPHERELLA AND ITS ALLIEs. 107

HERELLA INCANESCENS Schwz., No. 1796. — Mac in-
canrieeoritilran, latis effusis, inde terminatis, quasi pruinatis, inside
ironrents 0 punctiformis aieloons. minutissima, nigra, dem
vacuata, Ssepe quasi truncata aut collapsa. Ascis ie fe
Sporidiis ellipticis, papi hyalinis (-008 x ‘003 mm.).
On leaves of Tilia. U.
From original spec imen derived from Schweinitz.

om
bosis, nigris, in maculas minutas crebras dense aggregatis, vel
sparsis. Ascis cylindricis. a — so ildeadaien uniseptatis

conjunctis maculam atram efficientibus minorem, maculis quasi
confluent eke se. Ascis clavatis, abbreviatis. Sporidiis
inordinatis, ate pia —o hyalinis, loculo inferiore
tenuiore (‘0075 x :003 m
“oe Jeeves of aetna iomcoviets ana. Darien, Georgi
LLA EFFIGURATA Schwz., No. 1790. ie ae longe
late ca Soro nigro-cinerascentibus, gitbita determinatum effigu-

spe “bobuih folium in pa aor ayersa occupans. reggae eve in-
meris, minutis, accumulatis ulis, astomis, subinnatis
convexulis, nigris valde invicem aires imatis, et arid cinerasoenti
quasi inter se conn Ascis clavatis. Sporidiis ellipticis, uni-
es : ; )

leav ‘ si me
65*Spherella oleina Cke. Rav. Amer. une No. 754. —
Epiphylla. Maculis albidis, sabcthiea labia, demum confluenti-
bus, rubromarginatis. Peritheciis minimis, punctiformibus, vix
prominulis, atris, hinc illic subcircinatis. Ascis clavato-cylindricis.
Sporidiis allipticis, uniseptatis, hyalinis, leniter constrictis (012 x
4

On leaves of Olea americana. ar Georgia.

Spermatia = —— oleina

65**SpH#reLLa Curonantat B. & Br. , Ceylon Fungi, No. 1114;
Herb. Berk., No. 9967 ; Did ymella Chionanthi Sace. Syll., No. 2148,
—Peritheciis minutis, punctiformibus, fuscis, epidermide hyalina
tectis, in maculas flavidas collegit. seis cylindrico-clavatis.
Sporidiis Songminekign uniseptatis, hyalinis {‘ O18: at mm.).

On living leaves of Chionanthus zeylanica. Ce

Neyer occurring on branches, as stated by pst but on the
under gt of the green leaves.

68. Spumretisa nitiputa (Lev.) Sacc. Syll., No. 1886. —
Avoteaing: to specimen from Leveillé himself, this is a convex
lack shining Dothidea, like so many others eae in tropical
countries, and has no affinity with Spherella. 8 similar to
Spheria drymidis Lev.

108 ON SPHARELLA AND ITS ALLIES,

74*Spherella Rhododendri Cke. — Hpiphylla. Perithe-
clis semi-innatis, nitidis, atris, — asperato- -prominulis, in
ae irregularas congestis. Ascis cylindricis. Sporidiis arcte
ellipticis, uniseptatis, rectis, Giana obtusis, hyalinis (°01--012 x
25 mm.

On fading and dead leaves of Rhododendron, Forden (Britain).
79. SpH#rELua cotorata Peck. (Sacc. Syll., No. 1897).—There

for
specimens, eee efore the adoption of another specific name is
perhaps ge tifiable. Specimens of Septoria Kalmie mn & Ellis,
w Jersey, called Septoria polity Schwe do not
“totic to anything we know amongst the iseuriplaoes and

0 re
sufficient to entitle it to retain the distinct name of Septoria
Kalmie C. & E. Whether it is the stylosporous vondition of
Spher a5 asia) ha hematodes B. & C. is open to dou

deniz nit —_ Hypophylla. Perithe-

ciis Sein , punctiformibus, semi-innatis, atris. Ascis clavatis.

= Soe inordinatis, elongato- aliptinds, uniseptatis, hyalinis (012
035 mm

On leaves of Gardenia florida, §. Carolina.
Spermatia = Phyllosticta Gardenia Cke.
ula Cke.

8i*Spherella lentic , Rav. Amer. Fungi,
lla. Peritheciis globosis, atris, in pustulas clevaias.

lenticulas dense stipatis (circ. 1 mm. diam.). seis breviter
clavatis. Sporidiis pee: ellipticis, uniseptatis, hyalinis
(-008—-009 x :008-—-0035

On leaves of Cerasus Sain 8. Car

87* RE RoiDEs Sch F
Epiphylla, aggregata, astoma, maculas maximas cinereas den-
droi ibens. Peritheciis nigris erumpentibus. Ascis saccatis,

late clavatis. Sporidiis lanceolatis, uniseptatis, hyalinis, loculo
inferiore paulo geet leniter constrictis (‘023-025 x ‘004 mm )e

On leaves of Car N.

This species has eon confounded with Spheria myriadea, from
which it is evidently di :

90*Spherella Lirlodendri Cke. — Epiphylla. oe
orbicularibus, brunneis (1 cm.). Peritheciis subinnatis, puncti-
formibus, atris. Ascis wenn’ nie maa Sporidiis -ihpGcis,
uniseptatis, hyalinis (-016 x:

On leaves of Lirtodendron Tt slipifond. Darien, Geo

Stylospores, Phyllosticta Liriodendri Cooke, ehh. ; gear
Depazea T’ =e @ Schwz., No. 1822.

4*SPHERELLA CORNIFOLIA Behes .) Cke., Rav. Amer. Fungi, N

681. Sephari ia Corni Schw., No. 1792. ii be phylla. Maculas ier
mans, maximas orbiculatas ambitu indeterminatas—affin is S. effigu-

theciorum punctiformium absque ulla crusta, inter se distantes
sed frequentes in eadem macula. Poritheeiia i ipsis astomis, innatis,

ON SPH RELLA AND ITS ALLIES. 109

evacuatis, extus punctatis. Ascis clavatis, iggeelmmpar sere
ee ee a ag pete uniseptatis (“005 x 002 m
us florida leaves. §S. Carolina (Rav. eng " Amer.,
No. 688).
Perithecia ‘06-08 mm. dia

99* SpHERELLA Drymrv1s (Berk. ); Spheria Drymidis Curr., Li
my <til., p. .— Epiphylla. Maculis determinatis, albis,
piioularibus, depressis. Peritheciis minutis, atris, semi-innatis.

Ascis cylindricis. Bee oe uniseptatis, loculo inferiore |
tenuiore, hyalinis (012 x -004 mm.).

n Drymis. Juan Feeriande eZ.

0 Schwz., No. 1799. ee vix
innata, aggregata aut peritheciis ‘ace umulatis, maj pro
ratione, atris rugosis, papillatis, eg udens. Ostiolis pipillasfornitbts
subapertis. Passim solitaria. aggregata sunt perithecia sepe

a pulveracea Rea te Stk ex parenchymate aspersa.
Ascis clavatis. Sporidiis pcorgreseecear uniseptatis, loeulis sub-
conicis, Shae (-008—-01 x 003 mm aH

On leaves of Rhus glabra. N. Amer
peda ag tigers Cke. — = Hiypo phylla. Peritheciis
semi-immersis, atris, nitidis, paucis in cespitulis aggregatis (6-10).
Ascis pea ae Sporidiis subellipticis, uniseptatis, loculis
zequalibus, hyalinis.

fwd
*
Qs
yg
Hl
i
>
vA
@
w
&
o
a)

On leaves of Pistacia vera. Marseilles (Roux).

ee aa sae mcedonte Cke. ypophylla. Peritheciis
sparsis tectis, vix visibilis. Ascis sabilacatan, Sporidiis ages
natis, a acnepeata hyalinis (01x ‘004 mm.) medio
constri

On rion of Gordonia Lasianthus. Darien, Geor,

Inadvertently published in Ravenel’s ‘ Fungi tae ericani,’ No.
799, under the name of ‘‘ Spherella Gardenia, on Gardenia,”
instead of ‘‘ Spherella Gordonia, on Gordonia.”

107*SpH#ReLLA HaMATITES (Rob.); Didymella hematites Sacc.,
Syll., No. 2159. — Sporidia uniseptate, hyaline (:018--02~x

.)s
On Clematis Vitalba twi
Kither this belongs fe uote. or there is no Siiecnes
between Didymella and Speera a; and the sooner one of them is
— as fe vig the better
5*SPH#RELLA HYPERICINA Ellis, Bullet. Torr. Bot. Club., ix.,
p- ie a Asnphigans. Peritheciis exiguis, erumpentibus, hine illic
2-6 aggregatis. Ascis oblongis. Sporidiis inordinatis, clavato-
oblongis, ae plerumque Se se ¢ 01 x 003 mm.).
n leaves of Hypericum Be olificum. mer
166* oaiepolgg Oxaipis Kirsch. in Lotos, 1856, 208; Berk. &
Br., Ceylon Fungi, No. 11 29.
Oxalis corniculata. Ceylon.
Sporidia ue sepinte (-01- O12 mm.).
This is rred to Lestadia age (No. 1635) by a
but it is “ule a different s specie as will be evident from
parison of the diagnosis in Létos, and the description No. 1635.

410 SHORT NOTES.

It approaches more closely to Spherella depazeeformis, No. 1984.
Whether all three may be forms of one species will be matter of
opinion.

(To be continued.)

SHORT NOTES.

Cepnatozia Turnert Hook. in Norra Wates. — Recently, in
looking over my first collection of hepatics, made at Dolgelly, North
Wales, March, 1875, I found associated with other species this rare
and beautiful one. According to Dr. cine ase n Cepha-
lozia,’ this species has only previously been found in the South-

west of Ireland; Bantry (Miss Hutchins); Cromaglown (8. O,
Lindberg). En ngland : Sussex, Tilgate Forest (Edw. Jenner, wees
“aaa G. naigs 1879). France, Canary Isles, and Africa

ONn.*

Acrostis nigra With. — Wishing to have the ag n of that
eminent botanist, Prof. Hackel, of St. Poelten, on the Agrostis
nigra With., noticed in this Journal for 1882 (pp. 65, "66: tab. 227),
I recently sent him specimens of the plant, together with typical
specimens of 4. vulgaris and 4. alba. A few days since I received
a act courteous reply from Prof. Hackel, and, as his remarks oe
these plants may possibly ait English Somme I sen
Riise quotation from his letter :—‘‘I am very much obliged to
you for the kindness with which you have furnished me the
cv abiaiees el Peters a ae ta ent of my own on the Agrostis nigra
of your try. There is no “aoobe that this form is in some
degree siitaragdi ate bauadn A, vulgaris With. and A. alba L., and
that it weakens the distinction between these two almost generally
accepted species. But etl sie will take the trouble of assembling
in his herbarium as m ecimens of the two species from as
many stations as possible (aud I may say I possess yas a hundred
ltar and

specimens from various stations between Gibra Tromsoé
and the Caucasus) his long that there are Sa ore of such
intermediate forms Ae rag! ° though I have none in my
herbarium exactly sdontingl with it. Some specimens from the

Pyrenees eo vulgaris, var. secsolaniii mihi) come very near to
your plant. On the other hand, there are forms of A. alba with
eam -branches naked below w, and spreading, even when fruit-
bearing. There are only two ways of pO the existing state
of singe’ either we restrict the names of A. alba and A. vulgaris
to the “typical forms (as represented in your collection and admit
at least three or four intermediate species betwe e two, or we
reunite all into one, which must be called 4. poliaifera L., an

distinguish its various forms as subspecies, varieties, kc. I should

Pearson accompanies his note with a specimen from the henner
aay gece has been placed in the Herbarium of the British Museum
Ep, Journ. B

SHORT NOTES. d i Ge f

prefer the latter way, as I am inclined to consider species as natural

groups, seldom homogeneous, but more frequently consisting of

inferior rank and slighter differences, though these differences may
ber of im making out the

constant in a :
European Festucas I made the experience that it would , Be quite
impossible to Sept all distinguishable and pei hereditary
forms as species; and the genus Agrostis would give, I am sure,
another proof of the same kind.” I may state that % am able in

A, nigra Witheasa 2 — t year I found a n abundant growth of a
typ oe

having the shorter or less Smitenk ligule, and only slightly-
toothed glumes of 4. vu/garis; and I also found a form of 4. alba
near Kenilworth that in the flowering state dinely resembled.
A, nigra; but in the fruiting state the panicles were mostly closed,
though in many instances the upper branches were closed, whilst
the lower ones were open. ‘This last differed from A. nigra, how-
ever, in the paler flowers, more pts minent acute ligules, and very
rough leaf-sheaths.—J. EH. Bagnaun

GuoucEsteRsHIRE Atiens. — Mr. White’s srg tra (p. 86) of
the little colony of iteesa: cbserved by him at Kingswood, near
Bristol, is interesting from the fact that these Tite seem to have

plants introduced with grain from different parts of Europe

Amongst them have been most of those mentioned by Mr. White,
together with others—Xanthium spinosum, for instance, and Bromus
patulus, At the same time, though the ground has not been enclosed
or otherwise disturbed since I hats known the locality, no two suc-

An cued must be made for Faptdias puieraie:- 6 i ns

doubt, an introduction from abroad, but on ich has become
permanent, and is sprea pags Considering the irs el oeps tees
character of the alien flora at Sharpness, it seems curious that

similar plants succeed in reproducing themselves from yiae i year
at Kingswood, in the same county.—-H. P. Reaper

112

NEW sade AND SPECIES OF De OF ae PUBLISHED
N PERIODICALS IN BRITAIN IN 188

The periodicals cited in the se poe of this list —
‘ Botanical Magazine,’ ‘Garden,’ ‘ Gardeners’ Chronicle,’ Fei
Plantarum,’ ig ee of the Linnean Society of London,’ and
‘ Peccisascutical Journal.’ New genera are indicated by a prefixed
asteris
‘the e convenience of those who follow Art. 50 of the ‘ Lois
de la Nomenclature Botanique,’ we have added in square brackets
the authority for the publication of certain names ene are cited
from the MSS. of the original describers of the specie

Actneta Hrusyana Rehb. f—N. Granada. Gard. Chron. xviii. 102.
AcrocnozE Rimanni Fichb. f.—-Trop. Asia. Gard. Chron. xvii. 796.
CHMEA BRASSICOIDES Daker.—British Guiana. Journ. Bot. 829.

29.

. JENMANI —Ib.
Axrwes Eerron Rehb. f.—Brit. India. Gard. Chron. xviii. 256.
Agave sracrgosa S. Watson [Engelmann].—California. Gard.
Chron. xviil. sa figs. 188, 139.
Agrostis Mesos Aitch. & Hemsl. —Afghanistan. Journ. Linn.
Soe x. 199.

A. sugaristata ditch. d Hemsl.—Afghanistan. Id. xix. 192 (pl. 29).
_*Arrcnisonia Rosea Hemsl. (Rubiacee Pederiew).— Afghanistan.
6 (pl. 14).

Auperta 1sosepaLa Baker.—Madagascar. Journ. Bot. 188.
ANaGALLis TENvIcAULIS Baker.—Madagascar. Id. 172.
Anprosace Crortm Watt.—Sikkim Himalaya. Journ. Linn. Soe.
xx. 17 (t. 14
A. erranuorouia Watt.—Kumaon & Sikkim. Id. (t. 16).
A. are © Hook. f. d Thoms. [Watt.] —Sikkim Himalaya. Id. p. 18.
18 a

pos STRATTONIANA Aitch. & Hemsl.—Afghanistan, Id. xix.

ANGULOA pects fi Rchb. f. “n.sp., 8. hyb. Gy” 6 teten Chron. xvii. 764.
ANGRECUM nage canal hb b. f. —Id. xvii. 558.
A. ruscatum Rchb. 7.—Madagascar. Ta. “xviii. 4838.
Anraericum Graprorayiitum Baker.—Socotra. Id. xvii. 460.
A. Parkert Baker.—Madagascar. Journ. Bot. 269.
A. TrrepaLe Baker.—Madagascar. 9

NTHOCLEISTA MADAGASCARIENSIS Baker.—-Madagascar. Id. 178.
ANTHOSPERMUM E\MIRNENSE sv er.— Madagascar. 39.
ANTHURIUM LONGIPES v. EB. —Bahia. “Gard gy Xviil. 297.
mosa. Jou
Asrracatus Agrreipit Attch, é Baker. Ad taaietia. Journ. Linn.

Soe. xix. 157.
A. coneestus Baker Pipe ener Id. 8.
A. Hemsteyi Attch. é Baker.—Afghanista

d,
Aster Lacunarum Aitch. ¢ Hava SvAtpRanisten. Id. ae AS 16).
ASTEROPEIA DENSIFLORA Daker,—Madagascar. Journ

NEW GENERA AND SPECIES PUBLISHED IN 1882. eee

Artroris pumita 7’. Kirk.—New Zealand. Gard. Chron. xvii. 261.
A j :

VENA Se a Munro. — Afghanistan. Journ. Linn. Soc.
xix. 193 (pl. 3
Baronta TARATANA Baier Madagascar. Journ. Bot. 67.
M oe ti Id. 113,

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5
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i
SS
Cy
of
2
e
Qu
m4
Pai
a:
pr:
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i)

Berscumrepta cutvensts Hance. aoa Kong. Journ. Bot. 79.
BerseRis steNopHYLLA Hance.—China. Id.

Bescuorneria tuBrrtora Baker. — <‘ B. inateat, Jacobi Index
Agaveen, p. 11 —— nomen). Bot. Mag. t. 6641.

Bora Treva H. O. Forbes.--Sumatra. Journ Linn. en og 297.

BomareEa ANDREANA Baker.—N. Granada. Journ.

B. pirrracta Baker.—N. Granada. Id. os 6.

B. pissrtironia Baker.—Ecuador. Id. 2

B. rronpea Mast.—N. Granada. Sad Chron, sige 668 ( Ane: 102).

B. eontocauton Baker.—Quito. Journ. Bot. 2

A T u Baker.—Ecuador. Id. 208.

B. Katsreyvert Baker.—N. Granada. Id. 204.

B, uanctrouia Baker.—Quito. Id. 208.

= Loneipes Baker,—Ecuador. Id. 20

ee ; snes Mast.—Columbia. Gard, Chron. xvii. 76 (figs.
1

B. virec.ina Mast. —Ia. Xvi. 143 (fig. 26).

B. Wit.iaMsi& a —New Granada. Id. xviii. 558.

BroccHIniA RED ge .—British gis J ourn. Bot. 881.
Brovussonetia Monotca Hance.——Chin Id. 294.

BuLBOoPHYLLUM MANDIBULARE Jichb ar = Borned. Gard. Chron.

XVii.
ALADENIA LEPTOCHILA Fitzgerald.—S. Australia. Id. xvii. 462.
. Lopata Fitzgerald.—W. Australia. . 461.

. MACROSTYLIS Fitzgerald.—W. Australia. Id. 462.

. PaNicuLATA Fitzgerald.—W. Australia. Id. 461.

. puicaTa Fitzgerald—W. Australia. 61.

eaanaaa

¢
z
tel
+e
a
a
$s
S
S
PS
=
|
=o
wm
ps

THE BRACTEOSA Fchb. GE ames Id. xviii. ee
Rolfe.— osa. Journ 358.

ATTLEYA SCHOFIELDIANA Rchb.f. (Orciten) Ga. rosie xviii. 808.
k. f.—Paraguay. Bot. Mag. t. 6604.
AMPANULA RUDERALIS Aitch, & TedalsiAiglaadudis Tome Linn.

Soc. xix. 174.
*Custrnionteaon 2 PURPURASCENS Benth.—Trop. America(Spruce 2492).

c

CatasETuM Cumrsvawuat Rehb. fn —Gard. Chron. xvii. 588.

. Pitatum Rchb. f.—Venezuela. Id. xvii. 492.
CEPHALANTHUS SPATHELLIFERUS Baker,—Madagascar. Journ. Bot. 137.

I

QO 22 E2QaQ
1437
mE
ny
ES
=>]
ge
>

114 NEW GENERA AND SPECIES PUBLISHED IN 1882.

Curronia PuBEsceNS Baker.—Madagascar. Id. 1
Cutoropaytum Kirxu Baker.—Gard. Chron. xvii. 108.
CHRYSOPHYLLUM PENTAGONUM Hance.—Hong Kong. oa Bot. 78.
INNAMOMUM VALIDINERVE Hance.—Hong Soar. d
CrrrHoPETALUM oRNaTIssimum Rehb, f.—Gard. Chron. Siti 424,
a STACHNE SORGHOIDES Segre (Graminew Tristeginess)—Zambesi
K. Indies. Ic. Pl. 1
CLEOME asia Baker. rose) ald Journ. Bot. 18.
CLERODENDRON MAGNOLLEFOLIUM Baker.—Madagascar. Id, 243.
ii. 840.

ConvotvuLus Arrcnisont Clarke. — Afghanistan. Journ. Linn.
9.

Soc. xix. 17
Conyza BELLIDIFoLIA Baker.—Madagascar. Journ. Bot. 169.
Cousinia apreRs ditch. & Hemsl.— Afghanistan. Journ. Linn.

Soe. xix.
C. carruamores Aitch. & Hemsl .—Afghanistan. - = (pl. 17).
C. eveaans Aitch. ¢ Hemsi.—Afghanistan. Id. 1 1. 18).
C. scata Aitch. & Hemsl.—Afghanistan. Id.

CorYDALIS PULCHELLA Aitch. d Hemsl. — Afghanistan. Id. 151 (pl. 4).

*CRASPEDORACHIS AFRICANA Benth. (Graminex Chlorides).—Zambesi.
Ie. Pl. 1877.

Orassuta monticota NV. H. Br,—S. Africa (Macowan, 960). Gard.
Chron. xviii. 264.

Crinum “apeleetes Baker.—Borneo. Id. x

Croton myriasterR Baker.—-Madagascar. Journ Be. 268.

C. puatanirotius Baker.—Madagascar. Id.

Cyperus GLANDuLOosus Rolfe. Pe wee pies talande. Id. 862.

*CYPHOSTIGMA PULCHELLUM ter pulchellum Thwaites ;
ee Zingiber sa sate on. Thwaites C. P. 2786.

. 1880

Cypripepium cmiare Tchb. 7. ee oe Gard. Chron. xviii. 488.
102.

‘ imum Rech : ;

C. reticutatum Rehb, f.—Id. xviii. 520.

CyrrosperMa Jounstont N. EH. Br.— Alocasia Johnstoni Hort.
(Aroidew). Solomon Isles. Id. xviii

Cryprocarya conctnna Hance.—Hong Kon ng. Jour 79.

*CRYPTOCHLORIS SPATHACEA Benth. (Graminew Ghloviden), —‘* Most
probably Patagonia.” Ic. 6.

Cupania 1somErA Baker.—Mada es —e Bot. 51.

Denprocuitum sRacunrres Rehb. f. a any Gard. Chron.
xvi

Dexnrostum Cunistyanum are f.—Siam. Id. xvii. 178.

Dearet Rchb. f.-— i. 86

Hueut Rehb. f. gi ee Id. XVil. ee

inopus Rehb. f. ee Id. xviii. 808.
gnucoLopHotuM Rchb. f.—Sunda. Ta. ae 552.

kane Rehb. f—Malaya. Id. xviii

Lusserstanum Rehb. f.—Birmah. Id. 3 XVii. 460,

Eeeees

NEW GENERA AND SPECIES PUBLISHED IN 1882. 115

D. Macraruaner Rehb. f.—New Guinea. Id. xviii. 520.
D. prxrostacuys fchb. f—--New Guinea. Id. xviii. 520.
D. Roannt Rehb. f.—Moluceas. cia xvii. 680.

. VANDIFLORUM Fchb, f.—New Gui ia xviii. 520.
DicorypHe BuppLEoEs Baker. cs Midavas car. i Bot. 111
Dipymocarpus Scuerreri H. O, Forbes.—Borneo. p pee ee Soe.

xix. 298.

Dioscorgea Bucuanant Benth.—Zambesi. Ic. Pl. 1398.
D. nereropopa Baker.—Madagascar. Journ. Bot. 270.
. 270.

Draka euypropon Fitzgerald. —- W. Australia. ‘Gard. Chron.

XVii. :
*Dyera costutata Hook. f. (Apocynes).—(Alstonia ? costulata Miq.).
Malaya. Journ. Linn. Soc. xix, 293.
D. Lown Hook. f.—Malaya.
Epmenprum cineittum Rehb. f.— Gard. ag xvii. 830.
Era rnopoptera Rehb. f.—Gard. Chron. xviii. 586.
Kucnaris Sanpert.—-Gard. Chron. xvii. 712.
Eugenia conpensata Baker.— Madagascar. rb bes Bot. 112.
EK. cycLopHYLLA ee ee Id. 1
Ia

; .—_Madaga : _
Evonymus e1sser Hance.—Hong Kong. Id. p. 77.
Evuratorium cinereuM Baker.—Brazil. Id. 226.
Evopra Mapacascariensts Baker,—Madagascar. Journ. Bot. 48.
GaErRTNERA oBovata Baker. 7 d.
*GamocyNE Bursiwweer N. H. Br. (Aroidew).—Bor
*GEARUM BRASILIENSE = E. Br. (Anaidoe). —Brazil. aN 196 t. 201),
GENTIANA MicrantHa Aitch. dé Hemsl.—Afghanistan. Journ.
Soe. xix. 177 ae 9).
Gropea aLBosracTEaTa NV, EL, Br.--Sumatra (Beccari 208). Gard.
Chron. xviii. 71.
Giossopra INTERMEDIA Fitzgerald.—W. Australia, Id. xvii. 462.
pecurrEeNs Baker (Composite Vernoniacer). — Brazil.

Gossyprom Kirxn M Trop. Africa. Journ. Linn. Soe. xix. 214.
GrammatopHyittum ELEGANS Achb. f.— Oceania. Gard. Chron.
xviii. 776.
REW1A cALVATA Baker.—Madagascar. Journ. Bot, 48.
DIFLORA B oe Id. 47.

47.
TYMNOSPORIA BRACHYSTACHYA Baker.—Madagascar. Id. 50.

ee ee ae ae
EE 2 a
. . .

YSUM CONCRETUM Baker Madagascar. Id. 170.
Ler a te PAR toss Benth.—Mexico (Berlandier 1404 (144);)
C
RACLEUM rayaeriots Aitch. ¢ Hemsl.—Afghanistan. Journ.
Linn. Soe, xix, 165,

oo Be EEW GENERA AND gencres PUBLISHED IN 1882.

H. propinquum Aitch. ¢ _tea semela Id. 165.
Hrstscus ocurotevcus Baker.—Madagascar. Journ. Bot. 46,
H. Parker Baker paliidabancar. Id. 46

Id. 4
Homatium TetrRamerum Baker.—Madagascar. ad
Huernia ocutata Hook. f.—Dammara Land. Bo : ‘Mag. t. 6658.
InysanTHES osLoncirotia Baker.—Madagascar. Journ. Bot. 221.
Impatiens Baront Baker._Madagascar
I. Suvrant Hook. f.— Zanzibar. Bot. Mag. t. 6648. Garden

xxii. 208, t. 352.
INDIGOFERA STENOSEPALA Baker.—Madagascar. Journ. Bot. 68.
InuLa ae Aitch. ¢& Hemsl.—-Afghanistan. Journ. Linn.

oc.
J. sHIRENSIS ts Olio —Zambesi. Ie. Pl. 1899.
Isopyrum uniFLoruM Aitch. d Hemsl.—Afghanistan. Journ. Linn.
Ag

Kanpreria virrata N. FE. Br.—Sumatra. Gard. Chron. xviii. 264.
Bot. 110.

K. synsepata Baker.—Madagascar. Id. --

K. tomentosa Baker.—Madagasear. Id. 1

KosTELETSKYA MADAGASCARIENSIS Baker SHATat pans Id. 4

Lera amass Hort. Veitch. {[Mast.].—-Borneo. Gard. bron,
xvil. 492 (fig. 77).

LieustruM motuicutum Hance.—China. J ee Bot. 291.

Livonta tricwocarpa Hance.——-China. Id

Lovnopuita torentoweEs Baker. — Madagascar. 221.

Linum Betstiense Baker.—Madagascar. Id.

Lorantuus Baront "bree re settee ee 266.

] . 298.

Mascarennasta Curnowiana Hemsl. — Madagascar. Garden xxi.
p. 98, t. 823. Bot, Mag. t. 6612.

M. macrocatyx Baker.—Madagascar. rape Bot. 219.

MaspDEVALLIA ERYTHROcHaTE Fchb. f.— Central Sorion Gard.
Chron. xviii. 392.

M. ureroectypuica Rehb. f—New Granada. = _Xviil. 230.

M. uuprpunpa Rehb. f.—New Granada. Id. xvii. 179.

M. pt . 552
M. rricotor Rehb. f.—New Granada. Td. xviii. 102.

92.
Meuica Gracuis ditch. ¢ Hemsl.— — Afghanistan. Journ. Linn.

Soc. xix. 192

MesempBryAntHEemMuM Bouusn Hook. f.—Grahamstown. Bot. Mag.
6664

LETTIA SERICOSEMA Hance.—China.
Mopecca DENSIFLORA Mast. —Madagasear. Id. 1
Munpvtea paucirtora Baker._-Madagasear. ta. a

MicroMERIA MADAGASCARIENSIS Baker.—Madagascar. Journ. Bot. 244.
Mu. 259.

NEW GENERA AND SPECIES PUBLISHED IN 1882. 117

Muss@npA HYMENOPOGONOIDES Baker.—Madagascar. Id. 138.
Nerentoes Bursipcem Hook. f. MSS. [Burbidge]. — Borneo.
ard. Chron. xvii. 56.
Naver PINETORUM Aitch. & Hemsl.—Afghanistan. Journ. Linn.
Soc. xix. 188.

Nresvnria Woopn Oliv.—Natal. Ic. Pl. 1886.
*Norosuxus NataLensis Oliv. (Euphorbiacew Buxer).— Natal.
14

Noxta caprrata Baker.—Madagascar. J — Bot. 172.

Ocuna potycarpa Baker.—Madagascar.

OponToGLossum acuMINATISsIMuM Rechb. f. . sp. (?) hybr. (?).”—
rd. Chron. xvii. 2

; d. xviii. 680.
O. mrranpum Rehb, f.—New rma Td. xvii. 148.
"9 vii

chb. f.—
OMPHALEA CARDIOPHYLLA Hensl. — Contra America (5. Hayes, 617).
Pharm. Journ
O. oveneRa Hemsl.—Central renee
Onciprum MEeLiosmum Rehb. ~.—Gard. Chron. xvii. 796.
Onoprycuis LaxirtorA Baker.—Afghanistan. Journ. Linn. Soc. xix.
159.

Ormosia semicastrata Hance.—Hong Kong. Journ. Bot. 78
OxyerapHis Suarroana ditch. d Hemsl.— Afghanistan. Journ.
Linn. Soc. xix. 149 (pl.

3).
PacHypopium RosuLATUM ars —Madagascar. ‘ns a Bot. 219.
Panicum ae Aitch. & Hemsl.—Afghanis Journ. Linn
Soc. xix. 190.

PAvontra Baskin Baker.—Madagascar. Journ. Bot. 4
Pruionia Putcura N. FH. Br.—Cochin China. Gard. Ghee gre 712.
sapere pee urea Baker.—Madagascar. Journ. Bot

A ersegeretea ag Rehb. f. & Sander. teak Asia.

Gar a Ghee: XViil.
P. rascrata Rehb. f. eric ep xvill. 136.
Patuiprra Parxert Baker.—Madagascar. Journ. Bot, 171:
PuHotinta ME 14aMa Hance «Chi
Piuga crassirotra Hance.—China. Id. 295.
P. uypnopuita Baker. —Madagascar. Id. 2

Pinus tamisqvana elm.—Mexico. Gard. Guanes xviii. 712 (fig. 125).

Piper BorNEENSE N, FE. Br.—West Borneo. . 108

: INTEGRIFOLIUS Baker.—Madagascar. Four. Bot, 267.
rae LLE d.

PLEcTRANTHUS RI Baker.—Madagascar

PLEUROTHALLIS sPECTRILINGUIS Rchb. f.—Gard. Ghee: we 457.

*“ PODOLASIA mais N. E. Br. (Aroidew).—Borneo. Id. xviii. 70.
Potygonum tristacuyum Baker.—Madagascar. Journ. Bot. 224,

——— pixantHa Fchb. f£—West Trop. Africa. Gard. Chron.
vii. 294.

Bakeaeunnces ATTENUATUM Fitzgerald.—W. ae no a 495.
P. pLum#rorme Fitzgerald.—W. Australia. Se
B. sont Fitzgerald.—W. Australia.

RIMULA CiarKker Watt.—Kashmir. Journ. Liv. ot xx. 4 (t. 318).
P. concrnna Wate, —Sikkim Himalaya. Id. 4 (t. 4a).

'

118 NEW GENERA AND SPECIES PUBLISHED IN 1882.

P. Dicxeana Watt.—Id. 9 (t. 8a).

P. ztoneata Watt.—lId. 8 (t. 6).

P. Exwesiana King [Watt.].—Id. 13 S 12 a).

P. rmirses Watt.—Bhotan. Id. ae 3a).

P. Gampeniana Watt.—lId.

P. Hevper Watt.—W. Tibet. 5 (t. 4c).

P. Hooxer: Watt.—Sikkim itnaya Id. 14 (t. 8b).

P. Kinen Watt.—Id. 9 (t.

P. muscomwrs Hook ral 1. (t. 4d).

P. puncura Watt.—Sikkim Himalaya. Id. 3 (t. 2a).

P. rneprans Hook. f.—W. Himalaya. Id. 14 (t. 13b).

P. sappumina Hook. f. & Thoms.—Id. 1 18 ¢)

P. soLpDANE s Watt.—Id. 10 (t. 11¢)

P. Srmronmana Watt.——Id. 15 (t. 18d).

P. renetta King [Watt.].—Chumbi Valley. Id. ty ~ 12b).
P. trsetica Watt. pacer and Sikkim. Id. 6 (t.

P. vaeinata Watt.—Sikkim Himalaya. Id. 4 (t. ab).

P. Warrn King (W. att, ] Id, 10 (t. 14a).

PsEupocentRUM minus Benth Boece Ic. Pl.
*PsEupopRAconTIUM ANomaLum N, Ff. Br. (Aroidez). Cochin China.

urn. ‘

P. Lacourn N. #. Br.—Cochin China. Id. 1

Pstapia auricutata Baker.—Madagascar. Journ. . Bot. 169.

PsorosPERMUM ANDROS&MIFOoLIUM Baker,—Madagascar. Id. ve

aan arGHanNicus ditch. d Hemsl._—Afghanistan. oe xix. 148.
adaga

4

RAPHIDIOCYSTIS BRACHYPODA Baker.—M sear. Journ. Bot. 118.

‘RHEKTOPHYLLUM MIRABILE N, E. Br. [ktonlees — Forsapaa Po.
Id. 195 (t. 280)

RuoDpoDENDRON sae 8 Hance.—China. Id. 280

Rusus OcHLANTHUS nee,—China. Id. 260.

R. Parxert pesice eae

Saccharum Gririzan Munro MSS. (nomen solum). — India.
Journ. Linn. Soe. xix. 191.

SaccoLaBluMm caLoprerum Rehb, 7. — New Guinea. Gard. Chron.

S. FLEXUM Rehb. f—New Guinea. Id. xviii. 520.

Saiix Basrorpiana Hort. [Salter] Id. xviii. ‘_ (figs. 41, 42).

S. cyanotimen2za Hance. Saar Journ. Bot. 295.

S. Mesny1 Hance.—China.

SaRCANTHUS STRIOLATUS aes 2 as ~ Philippines. Gard. Chron.
xviii. 168.

SAXIFRAGA oe Hort. Leichtlin (Baker],-—- N. W. Himalayas.
Id. x 102.

Tiekereeks eracitis Benth. (Graminee Zoysie ?)—Mexico. Ic.

. 1878.

P

ScroPHULARIA PETRHA Aitch. & Hemsl.—Afghanistan. Journ. Linn.
Soc. xix. 180.

SEMPERVIVUM ae eng Hort. De Smet, [ Hook. f.|. — Maritime
Alps. Bot. Mag. t

Senecio BersiLiensis ag —Madagascar. Journ. Bot. 170.
S. erecutuitowes Baker.—Madagascar. Id. 170.

NEW GENERA AND SPECIES PUBLISHED IN 1882. ee =

8. Sagem Baker.—Madagasear. Id. 170.
SIMARUBA OPHYLLA Oliv.—British Guiana. Ic. Pl. 1387.
SoLanuM cypHaNaNTHUM Baker.—Madagascar. Journ. Bot. 220.
8. nrrens Baker.—Madagascar. . 220.
Soncuus pavorrLorus Baker. —Madagasear. Id. 171.
Sopusia tTrHYLLA Baker.—Madagascar.
*SOYAUXIA GABONENSIS Oliv. (Passifloracez). —Gaboon (Soyaux 48).
Ic. Pl. 1393.
APELIA NAMAQUENSIS N, H. Br.—Namaqua-land. Gard. Chron.
Xvill. 6

~
=

iii. ;
S. tsomoensis N. #. Br.—South Africa. IR=d. xvii. 16
Statice Grirriran Aitch. d Hemsl. — Afghanistan. Journ. Linn.

5S. VARIA Hants: Journ. Bot. 290.

STEGOLEPIS FERRUGINEA Baker.—British Guiana. Id, 331.

Srenomesson Srrickianpi Baker. — Ecuadorean Andes. Gard.
Chron. xviii. 102.

STEPHANANDRA CHINENSIS Hance.—China. Journ. Bot. 210.
STeEREOSPERMUM sINIcUM Hance.—China. Journ. Bot. 16.

TABERNZMONTANA MODESTA Baker. —_Madagascar. Id. 219.
TAcHIADENUS PLATYPTERUS Baker.—Madagascar. Id. 172.+
Tacsonra seam ee Chron. xvii. 218 (fig. 34).

TamBourissa PARVIFOLIA Baker.—Madagascar. Journ. Bot. 267.
TANACETUM ‘helt Aitch, d + Heniil —-Afghanistan. Journ. Linn
oc. XIX

TEPHROSIA Lyataat Baker. —Madagascar. Journ. Bot. 68.
Tzvcrrum iwcanum ditch. dé Hemsl. — Afghanistan. Journ. Linn.
Soc. xix. 184.

THELYMITRA GRANDIFLORA Fitzgerald.—S. Australia. Gard. Chron.

XVii.
i LutEooLium Fitzgerald. —§. Australia, Id.

: lia. Id.

TurixspermMum Berxeceyi Rehb. f.—India. Id. xvii. 557.

T. Smiemmanum Rehb. f.—Id. xvii. 524

Tricatysia crypTocatyx Baker.-Madagascar. Journ. Bot. 138.

TRICHODESMA strictum ditch. & Hemsl, — Afghanistan. Journ.
Linn. Soc, xix.

Trropia extava T. Kirk.—N. Zealand. Gard. Chron. xvii. 260.

Sons omer Mapagascartensis Baker. — Madagascar. Journ.

ot. 113.

Tuna prmuiina Baker.—Algeria. Gard. Chron. xviii. 8.
TyLopHora macrantHa Hance.—Hong Kong. Journ. Bot. 79.
a.77.

XViii.
ANDELLIA coryMBosA Daker,—Madagascar. mi Bot. 221.

120 NOTICES OF BOOKS.

VEPRECELLA SCHIZOCARPA ae —-Madagascar. Id. 112.
Vernonia Gratiosa Hance.—China. Id. 290.

V. Merana Baker. ia, 3 scar. Id. 139.

V. pecroratis Baker.—Madagascar. Id. 139

V. rnopoteris Baker.-Madagascar. Id. 139.

V. scartosa Baker.—Madagascar. 169.

Veronica RupEestris ditch. € Hemsl.—Afghanistan. Journ. Linn.

. xix. 180 (pl. 25

ean sETIGERUM Hance.—China. Journ. Bot. 261.
Viena Ancivensis Baker,—Madagascar. 9.

Wace Pac) Mele cll Sead cele cok a eh acl eld al ad ak ad ol ak ia
: I ‘ soe a

/EPHYRANTHES cITRINA Baker.—Trop. America. Bot. Mag. t. S006.
INGIBER INTEGRILABRUM Hance.—Hong — Journ. Bot. 80. -

NOTICES OF BOOKS.

The Flora of Hampshire, including the Isle of W “ight ; 50, @ List
of the Elowering Plants and Ferns found in the County of
Southampton, with Speer “3 the less common apecies. oo

WNSEND, M . &. London: L. Ree
and Co.

Tue scientific liter ure of one of the most beautiful and inte-
resting of the English counties has received a valuable addition
io the publication of a bey of a aang class description. The

‘Flora of Hampshire,’ promised for e time past, but delayed

in pebbeation by “ re oles Binsay of the author, has at length

appeared. The amount t of ¥ aluable information brought before us
in the volume is immense, ea does credit to the industry of the

author, especially s his details are eee ch as to make us
wis the ey Wi i tollex ae than wise. “Of all the British
county Floras awit which we are oe, this one of Hampshire
most hom! resembles Trimen & Dyer’s admirable one of Gadieen
ain divisions of the two works are very similar. The Intro-

NOTICES OF BOOKS. 121

cae comprises short particulars respecting the topography,

ate, and geology of the county; also outlines of the twelve

bolaninal disinee, ee d the river basins, into which it is
t ted a:

counties; of Ha pai mainland with the Isle of Wight; com-
parison with Mr. Watson’s sub-provinces ; list of species hasitay a
certain limit in the os as compared with the rest of England ;
reference to M. Thurman’s ‘ Essai de Phytostatique’ ; a short article
on introduced aay ; an Appendix of nearly a dozen pages, filled
with critical remarks or valuable notes concerning some of the
plants mentioned in the body of the work; four pages of additions
and conepennone: an alphabetical index of the orders and genera ;

nother of the “more popular English names,’’ brings
the well- filled soln to its end. It moreover contains a good map,
showing the district

dealt with, one interesting feat f the ‘ Middles lora’ is
lacking, viz., a ske the progress of botanical investigation in
the county. This is to be regretted, as a chronological e of the

f very great interest. Particulars of their writings are, however,
partly supplied by the list of the a works quoted, which

very Frail one. Considering the area of the county is about
1,082,105 acres, and that this surface is divided into 12 districts
for the express purpose of tracing, so far as possible, all its plant
species through them, the self-imposed task Mr. a set
himself to perform, ein eyes now carried out, appears great
indeed. It is true that m of his quotations of previous fees
have been shorn of much of their interest and some of their value
through being given in the form of mere names of places sane of
in the exact and fuller words of the original writers; but to have
dealt otherwise with them, especially those from Dr. Bromfield’s
writings, would have added greatly to the size of the book and

ain spot, a practice which the author says he has sometimes
followed must be open to objection,—that is if we are to understand
him in the following words to assert an ignoring of any published
records of plant- stations, in addition to some unrecorded manuscript
ones privately furnished by correspondents or friends: ‘‘ When I

e myself,” says Mr. Townsend, ‘‘also seen the plant in the
locality, I have, unless the record be an old one or seem to require

or written one, published or unpublished; it may be the name of
the finder, or of the author of a book, or it may be a dried specimen

~

138 NOTICES OF BOOKS.

preserved in a herbarium.’ We question a —— of se
‘‘ first record” cover so many sources of information, and w
restrict it ourselves to some published mcanant; though of sents
this would not involve a ener of the other particulars.
owledge the au ossesses as a critical botanist and

man . antag together og his literary ability, make his notes
and remarks valuable and attractive paragraphs for study and
sashes, ail e feel sure portions of the work, the ‘ Appendix
especially, will be read and dwelt on by erred botanists besides
those interested specially in the flora of Han

Mr. Townsend calculates the number of Hicapilais species at
1114; inclusive of Rubi, Characea, and some other plants not
reckoned by Mr. Watson in his enumeration of British species in
Cyb. Brit. iv. pp. 499-519, and C. C. B. pp. 28-32. Those contained
in Mr. Watson's exbealanions he makes 1045 against the 1425 for the
whole of Britain. Three species of the ‘ British type”’ are absent,
Geranium sanguinewn, Potentilla verna, and Cystopteris fragilis. e
species found only in Hants are Isnardia palustris (formerly also in
Sussex), Gladiolus aise Spartina alterniflora, and the recently
described Spartina Townsendi. Since the last pages of the work
were put in type a note added to the ‘ additions’’ informs us that

Ranunculus ophioglossifolius was found sparing! ditch west of
Hythe, by Mr. H. Groves, making an additional species peculiar to
the county.* Those given as having their main ran ty

with the few plants named above, are Mathiola incana, Arctium
intermedium Spa = I. of W.), Evrythrea capitata, Calamintha

threa
capitata ‘was first adttgt shed by Mr. Townsend, who seems to
have paid particular attention ‘ee the genus to which it belongs.
He names the Hampshire form, which occurs in both of the
two botanical as — which the I. of Wight i is divided, var.

a and says: ‘* Hrythrea capitata is a peculiarly in-
teresting addition to fei English Flora. It is a well marked species,
is not known now to occur anywhere else in the world but in

the I. of Wight and in Sussex. The other form of it was found

: h

and the English variety are described in the Appendix,t =
excellent plates, lithographed by Fitch, from drawings a
author, show various forms of the I. of Wight — and one the

work. ‘These plates, which Mr. Townsend has kindly allowed to be
used for this Journal, are issued with the present number

Although the degree of frequency of a species in the county, as

a whole, is usually given in some i get my as ‘reamorapie
“ not uncommon,” rare,”’ ocal,”’ &e., miss the
graduated series of terms, like that e smaphoret-i in the ‘ Bie, of Mia.
dlesex,’ to indicate the comparative frequency of each species within
the whole area.

* See Journ. Bot. 1883, p. 51.
t See also Journ. Bot. 1881, p. 302,

NOTICES OF BOOKS. 123

A want of — to give quite accurately the periods of flowering
ecies is certainly one of the defects of the book. Surely
erent Lenormanli and . hederaceus must open their flowers
be fore Jun ants, since in Devon and Cornwall they are both

quickly follows Draba verna and Cardamine hirsuta in unfolding its
petals, and only this spring we noticed some out before the middle
of March, but under it appears “‘ May-Aug.” Fragaria vesca, in

the South of England, begins to flower six weeks o or two months
before May, though its blossoms for a mrerichente period in the
spring seem never to produce fruit. Our experience has been to ~

find Veronica arvensis flowering during six months out of the twelve ;
sO — 2 _ —— season cannot really be limited to July in

Han ro Buxbaumii will neieanhts to open its flowers con-
aarti sien “ahen Sep tember, even after sharp frosty mornings
have occurre PE tt minimus is one of our latest annuals,

as it flowers until the month of Oct
The habitats named in the Blosks ‘cannot always have oe
exclusively a application desirable in a work of the kind.
instance, un r Epilobium lanceolatum we find “ walls, rasies,
and other any plana? though followed by the record of only
single station fe the whole county, and this a ‘‘ raised ‘ciectaas
on right-hand side of road from Liphook to Woolmer Forest.” We
woul! ourselves prefer the poe hogs of statements = habitats,
together with periods of flowering, from a local Flora, if not
relating exclusively to the sleet 8 as species of the area ries: and
derived from careful chases sti therein
We confess to pips been startled 5 seeing some of the species
serted in the ‘ List of plants, most of which have certainly and
8 probably been introduced by human agency,” and we have
me to the conclusion that the author’s views must be e peculiar on
the matter. From our own point of view we should have accepted
without question, as indigenous species, Sisymbrium officinale,
dArabis Thaliana, Lychnis diurna, Arenaria serpyllifolia, Malva mos-
chata, Gerehial ae Trifolium arvense, Potentilla reptans, Carduus
—_— _——- minus, Inula dysenterica, C toners arvensis, Mentha
‘vensis, Rumea Acetosa, Allium vineale, and several others. On the
ates bead we should have siher placed in the list some other
species, or else marked them as possibly or certainly introduced,
when treating of them in the body of the work. Amongst them
are Aigopodium Podagraria and str igs ge ianum. Having noticed
lemishes i

it as could not fail to make those reading them eee of possess-
ing a copy of the book for quiet perusal and study. Mr. Town-
send’s careful obser oie is apparent in the remark under Agrimonia
pe * The furr of the fruit extend to the spines,” given as
a mark of distinction. eg it and A. Hupatoria. The same nice
observation is seen in the following extract:—‘‘In its natural
condition Hrythrea pulchella forms an open, much-branched panicle,
branched from the base. The root leaves are smaller than those

124 NOTICES OF BOOKS.

produced later, and do no not form a rosette like all our other
native species.” One of the aap emg . the Appendix is on
Mr. Tow

pS enone aa viscosum, and in end tells us :—‘‘ An
examination of authentic pomsons of (. clatintpen: a om-
municated by Prof. Iries, has = eaniperia me that his plant is
identical with our C. pusillum.” Som rks on Orchis: apseresy

mer

considered in igre with the hanks paper of Mr. C. B. Clarke,
oc. xix., 206, are especially worthy of attention.

We hav aa. a description of a supposed hybrid plant, name
0. atfolo si Under Care « CEderi, we find the observation,

‘“«T have r found this plant ae in England or on the Con-
— anise on ground which has been covered by water during
inter and is left comparatively dry during summer the

favourite station for C. Gvderi is on the margins of large pools or
lakes Mr. Townsend now identifies the Glyceria plicata, var.
nana of his ‘ Contributions to a Flora of the Scilly _ — -
declinata Brébisson, Fl. Nom., ed. 8 and 4, and enters fully
shee ——— it in the Appendix. We have also a seth
= a ety of Sclerochloa maritima Lind., which he has
nao
et desire to swell the number of the species for the
county has led to the admission of some plants, Orchis hircina for
mei into its list on what would seem very slender evidence
in

Professor Babington’s arrangement of the genus Rubus is the
one adopted, and Mr. J. G. Baker’s — for the genus Rosa. Mr.
Townsend follows i in making Rubus ramosus Blox.,

identical with, or a variety of, R. imbricatus Hort owever,
feel confident the two are as distinct as are R. lentil Lees,
and R. rhamnifolius

uthor of the ‘Flora of Plymouth’ is curiously enough,
though at the 4 same time quite logically, given as the authority for
aL & :

** first record” of Rubus hirtifolius Mull. irt., for Isle of Wight,
through his havin owed by Professor Babington to print
some arks forwarded in a letter embod the statement,

‘‘T have what seems to be the same [as the Plymouth plant]
from Alborne, Sussex, and Apse Castle Wood, Isle of Wight.”—
Fl. Plym., p. 117.

Two other new varieties of well- omic species are named and characterised
as follows :—Lepidium Smithii, var. b. alatostyla. “ An interesting var., with

ari aieaer simple fn the base o the stem "on ace "heats and

po lt po ssibly V. arvensis, var. perpusilla Bromf., from Isle of Wight (speci-
- mens are in Kew Herb.) tislatigts here.—Sandy field west of Hengistbury Head,

stem seems to be ted at an early stage, and branches are produced nents bad
axils of the votyledons and lower leaves, giving the young plant the appear
of a compact

NOTICES OF BOOKS. 125

Every British botanist who wishes to increase his knowledge
concerning critical plants and varieties, should not fail to obtain a
copy of the ‘ Flora of Hampshire.

T. R. Aw B;

THE recently issued part of Dr. Just’s invaluable ‘ Botanischer
Jahresbericht ’ concludes the records of the year 1878. The index ~
of the species referred to in the two sclaiacs: for that year occupies
nearly two hundred pages of three columns each.

Messrs. Vilmorin, Andrieux & Cie. have issued, under the title
‘Plantes Potagéres,’ a handsome and fully illustrated volume
devoted to the description and cultivation of the ae ore vegetables
of temperate regions. Although not strictly a botanical book, it
contains a large amount of information which will we very useful,
and indeed invaluable, to those who study the history and develop-
ment of cultivated plants.

So much interest attaches just now to te en that
it is worth while to direct attention to the Rev. J. Sibree’s very in-
teresting volume entitled ‘The Great Afvienn: Island’ (Tritbne er &
Co.). It contains much information regarding the more striking
sharaclatigiies of Rudagaiat vegetation, the economic applications
of trees and’plants, &e. While speaking of Madagascar botany we
may note that a list of plants we sedi considerable length is to be
found in a little-known work entitled, ‘A Voyage to Madagascar
and the East Indies, by the Abbé Rochon .... Translated from
the French. London, 1792.’ ‘The list is headed « « Diesariron

of Trees, Shrubs and Plants, which in the northern part
f Madagascar, and w I carried to - Isle of France in the
end of the year 1768." The native names only are given, with

notes on the uses of the nyrenek and it ened arobably in many
cases be pose identify them

THE Annual Report it the rec tib he College Science
Society (i888) contains a paper on the Botany of Dulwich, by
Mr. uthers, the Secretary of the Society. It is entirely
bibliographical, aeen ng of extracts dating from Merrett’s
‘Pinax’ (1666) to Brewer's ‘ Flora of Surrey’ (1863). Mr.

arruthers says that ulwich ‘‘can still put in its claims to a
flora’; and we hope he will give us in oe next Report a list of the
plants ‘which still hold their ground ther

. Sourn Arrican botanists have — to be grateful to Messrs.
MacOwan and Bolus, for the botanical ie of a poms ue
of Printed Books and Papers eine to South Afri 3

just been issued by the South African ai Philosophie’ | Scieny, in the
form of a pamphlet of 77 pages. Not only are separate works,
sire, * entirely or partially with South ‘Atioas plants, included,

notes by the compilers. We should be glad to see a similar work
undertaken for British botany. The only point to which we could

16. ARTICLES IN JOURNALS.

take a oy would be the ge esa of the new series of this
Journal (1872-1882) as “Trim. Journ. Bot.’’; that abbreviation
in strict accuracy applies only to the volumes for 1880-1882,
‘Journ. Bot.,’ followed by the date, will be found the most
convenient, as it is the most accurate, mode of citation.

The ‘Proceedings of the Linnean Society’ from November

' 1880 to June 1882 has been issued during the past month. We

are glad to learn that so useful a record, the temporary abandon-
ment of which we always regretted, will be again issued regularly.

THE Peeiabe issued (March) part of the ‘Icones Plantarum ’
contains figures and descriptions of the following new genera:— -
Eqgersia ok: = eitinines); Cardiochlamys Oliv. (Convolvula-

Silangea Oliv. (Ku Semerters Petreovitexr Oliv. (Verbenacez) ;
Riedelia Oliv. (Scitamines); Toxanthera Hook. f. (Cucurbitaces) ;
Dittoceras Hook. f., Lygisma Hook. f., and Treutlera Hook. f.
(Asclepiader). Of Thurnia two species are described, 7. sphero-
cephala and T, Jenmani; Martius’s ‘oe gage of the former, ms
which the figure and description of Rudge (Pl. Guian. t. 12,
Mnasium spherocephalum) are based, are in the British Maseaae
Herbarium.

ARTICLES IN JOURNALS.

American Naturalist. — J. F. James, ‘ Pitcher Plants.’ — J. B.
Ellis, ‘ New Species of North American Fungi. —- T. J. Burrill,
‘New Species of Micrococcus surg ia).

Annales des Sciences Nat. h Sér. xv. no. 8). — J. Vesque
‘ Contributions a l’histologie ‘ la feuille des Caryophyllinées’
(concluded; 2 plates). —— A. de Saporta, ‘Résumé analytique 0 of
M. Nathorst’s contributions to the fossil flora of Japan.’ —
Renault, ‘ re panigale sur les rapports des Lépidendrons, des
Sigillaires, et des Stigmari

Botanical Gazette. See sketch of A. Michau
Rothrock, ‘ Hriodictyon glutinosum as illustrating dontivenh c plate).

—KH. J. Hill, ‘Notes on Indiana plants.’ C. C. Per ‘ Ballast
plants in Boston.’—A. Gra ray, ‘ Gonolobus Pesan as

Botanisches Centralblatt Rie 9). — J. T. Sterzel, ‘ Dicksoniites
Phone’ ——— ed).—(No. 10). F. “itched, ‘Das Bliihen

und Fru von Anthurium Scherzerianu
baie Zeitung (Feb. 16, 28; ii ch 2, 9).— A. F. W.
Schim Ueber die Entwickelung der Chlorophyllkirner und
Farbkorpor’ a epee —(March 2). J. Wortmann, ‘ Erwiderung.’

— (March 16). . Fayod, ‘Beitrag zur Kenntniss niederer
Myxomyceten.’

Bull. Soc. Bot, France (xxix. ; Comptes Rendus 3).—F. C. Hy,
‘ Fontinalis Ravanii, sp. n.—Mordt, ‘ Observations sur le tubercule

des Ophrydées.’ — ‘Legué, ‘ Hybrides de Primula.’ — EK. Prillieux,

ARTICLES IN JOURNALS. 127

‘ Resleria hypogaea.’ — A. Chatin, ‘Les Frica de la Flore de Paris.’
— Préaubert, ‘Un nouvel appareil & dessécher.’ — G. Rou uy,
—P. Va

* Hieracium cymosum 1.’ n Tieghem & G. Bonnier, ‘La vie
ralentie et la vie latente.’ — P. Duchartre, ‘ Des Caieux pédiculés
Tulipa Gesneriana,’ — EK. Bonnet, ‘Quelques Jusquiames vénén-
euses du at — in, ‘L’Origine et ee
des racines adventives chez les monocotylédons.’ —

arbula sinuosa Wils. — J. Vallot, ‘ Etudes sur les Flore i

Sénégal ' (with map).

Bulletin of Torrey Botanical Club (Feb.). — F. Wolle, ‘ Fresh-
water Alge’ (many new species; 1 plat Ae G. Vasey, ‘New
—_— (Agrostis tenuis, A. humilis, spp. nn.). — E. Tuckerman,

New Western Lichens’ (Lecidea Brandegei, L. Pringlei, a
Sti Jacobi, spp. nn.) ; Pyrenothamnia (gen. nov.) Spraguet).— :
P ‘ Oxytheca a i sp. n.’

Flora (Feb. 21).—C. Kraus, ‘Untersuchungen iiber den
Saftedruck der Pflanzen’ ook shen — (March 1). W. Nylander,
‘Addenda nova ad Lichenographiam europeam' (many new
species, including om aggragabats from Charnwood Forest,
Leicestershire, Verrucaria canella from Bangor, Lecanora miniatula
from Braemar, and JL. obliterascens from Craig Tullo spe —
(March 11). P.F. Reinsch, ‘Ueber Algen ihnliche und eigen-

iche ey Korper | in der Garbonkohle Central- Busilanas”
(2 plates). — L. Celakovsky, ‘ Ueber einige Arten resp. Rassen der
Gattung Thymus.’ — (March 2 21). C. Kraus, ‘ Untersuchungen
iiber den Saftedruck der Pflanzen’ (concluded).

__. Garden (Mare rch 8). — ‘ Cypripedium _Spicerianum’ (ic. pict.).—
(March 10). ‘ Abutilon vitifolium’ (ic. pict.).

Gardeners’ Chronicle (March 3), — pink ye erg Rehb, t,
Phalenopsis Boxallii Rehb. f., Iris Bartoni M. Foster, spp. nn. —

(March 10). Celogyne sparsa Rehb. f., der ranthus Curnowianus
Rehb. f., erat eryptodon Rehb. f., spp. nn.’ — J. G. Baker,

‘A tect s of the species of Cyclamen.* N nal Raph a:
(fig. 44). — *(Mareh 17). Oncidium ustulatum Rehb.

* Mr. Baker recognises seven distinct species of Cyclamen, C. ibericum being
referred to C. Coum and C. africanum to C. neapolitanum. He arranges them
thus

Flowering in Spring
Large flowers, peduncle = tw oars a in fruit -. IL. C. persicum.
Smaller flowers, peduncle twisting spira it.
Leaves a bieslarae nearly so, without, large deltoid
ee “a We ee oe i ee Ce COUN
Leaves ovate-deltoid, thin, with large deltoid teeth. 3. C. REPANDUM.
Flowering in Autumn. :
Corolla-lobes not auricled at the base.
Calyx

ments ovate.. . ce .. 4. C, BUROPZUM,
Calyx segments lanceolate . .. 5. C. cimaictcum.
ghee he with two large auricles ‘at the base.
8 with large deltoid teeth z .» 6. C. NEAPOLITANUM.
inaves without large deltoid teeth . - 7 RECUM,

128 ARTICLES IN JOURNALS.

B. Hemsley, ‘ Salvia mexicana, var. minor’ (fig. 49). Stauntonia
eau (fig. 50); Hucharis Sanderii (fig. 53)—(March 24). W. B.
Hemsley, ‘ The Bermudas.’ Oncidiwm monachicum Rehb, f. (Bg. iin
Rodriguezia caloplectron Rehb.t., Hedychium peregrinum ‘
spp. 9 — Colchicum crociflorum (Bg. 55). Cotyledon a on
(fig. 5

rnal of Linnean Society (Feb. 28). — M. T. Masters, ‘ Passi-
forow collecte d by E. André in Eeuador and New a”

P. lorifera Mast. & Andr., P. resticulata Mast. & Andr., spp: nn
2 plates). — H. N. Ridley, ‘ seeoivereal Notes’ (monstrosity of
arex glawa; Pistillody in Lolinm perenne; Equisetum maximum
var. serotinum : see J. Bot. 1882, p. 246). — W. Nylander & J. M.
niga ‘Lichens collected in Eastern Asia by ". C. Maingay’
(many new species from British Burmah, Straits Settlements,
China, and Japan).—W. E. Armit, ‘ Plants of North-West Queens-
land peidesiiie medicinal properties’ ( es Grewia polygama

strongly recommended for dysentery). — J. G. O. Tepper, ‘ Tas-
manian Plants near Adelaide.’—Id., ‘ Remarkable malformation of
' leaves of Beyeria opaca var. linearis ’ (1 plate). —- J. M. Crombie,

‘Lichens of ‘‘ Challenger’? Expedition’ (Lecidea Moseleyi, sp. 0.
—(March 24). J. G. Baker, ‘ Contributions to the Flora of Mada-
gascar. Parti. Polypetale’ (Many new species; plates of Micro-
steira, & new genus o Malpighiacee, and Sparn ene Ren:
short Cc will be found in Journ. Bot. 1882, p. 3

agyar Névénytani Lapok. — F. Mentovich, ee om to

the Tyitelalive of the Loranthus- barks, with special regard 0 of

the crystalliferous idioblasts found in them.’ —— J. Csato, ‘Inula
hybrida.’

Midland Naturalist. — W. B. Grove, ‘Nomad Fungi: Reclassi-

fication of Uredinee’ anae 1 plate). — F. T. Mott, ‘ Hedgerows

(ee hh rshire.’ K. Bagnall, ‘ Flora of Warwickshire’

Nature. — Grant Allen, ‘ The Shapes of Leaves.’ a 15).
W. B. Hemsley, ‘ peared of Saar Expediti

Cisterr. Bot. tschrift. — H. Zukal, ‘ ag alsdirecte
Abkommlinge einer Age ( 1 plate). — L. Celakovsky, ‘ Hieracium
at JK; chj, ‘ Flore von Fiume.’ — J, Murr, ‘Ins

ticu
obec Leskithal: _p. G. Strobl, ‘ Flora des Etna’ (contd.).

Science-Gossip. — Ei. Malan, ‘ Orchis mascula.’ — J. Spencer,
* Lyginodendron OidNiiniontien,

— seen Lindsay, who acted as principal foreman under the
late Sadler, has been ae to the Curatorship of the
Edinbucel Royal Botanic Garden

Lae
OEE a Pr

pL fT Oi

waeney

Pe.)

129

TWO NEW CARICES FROM CENTRAL MADAGASCAR.
By J. G. Baxer, F.R.S.
(Tas. 288).

uE two Carices here figured are selected from the large number
of Sovelties which have been lately received from adagascar, to
illustrate how closely allied to ) British eypek are many of the species
from the high levels of the centre “ me island. They were both
gathered recently by the Rev. R. Baron, F.L.S., in an excursion to
the Ankaratra Mountains, the highest 4 range in ‘the Hova territory,
which seagr an ore dogs 10,000 feet above sea-level.
Carex (Vuuria ‘un. sp. — Glabra, foliis pluribus
NRE elongatis, saci nee foliis 8-4 consimilibus reductis
preedito, spicis 3-4 compositis remotis eta pogaiee ae sie
pluribus densis ovoideis sessilibus, inferioribus foemineis, super
bus apice masculis, glumis OViEs lenoeotke acutis prt ceaaneid,
ree ampulleformi rostro bifido, fructu triquetro, stylis 3.
Stem phous a foot long, erect from a short-er ctl deed rhizome.
Basal lean several, linear, 4-1 ft. long, 4 in. broad, inate
m in texture. Stem slender, triquetrous, bearing eben’ 4 Prodaiced
leaves with long sheaths. Spikes ovate or oblong, }—} in. long,

sessile ovate-oblong erecto-patent simple spikelets 4-4 in. long, the
lower entirely female, sr ee male at the top. Glumes oblong-
lanceolate, acute, 4 in. long, glossy, dark chestnut-brown. Peri-
gyne ampulleform dice ‘gradually into a bifid beak, not seen

Styles and stamens each three. —- Central Madagascar, Baron
2028! 2156! Of meeps European species allied to C. divisa and
disticha, (Tab. 288, fig. 2.)

—Glabra, foliis pluribus linearibus

r
sem 4 contiguis breviter pedunculatis simplicibus, 8 inferioribus
i lindricis densifloris, glumis ovato- lanceolatis longe
maeeoret perigynio Om rostro) pane ngis, perigynio globose
ulticostato rostro brevi bifido, fructu triquetro, stylis 8, spica
superiori unica eyunases gous) Minis lanceolatis membran-
aceis.
Stems densely cxspitose, above a foot long, with several linear
— feaves reaching a foot in length, glabrous, firm in texture,
cutely triquetrous Stem.le eaves about three, the top one just
rama the spikes, ‘which are usually four in number, contiguous,
nearly sessile, the three lower female, the top one male. Female
spikes cylindrical, 3-1 in. long, } in diam. ; flowers erecto- “anene
crowded in six regular owe : eae 2 12th i sh long, ovate-lanceo
late, with a long cusp, greenish, fi n tex Perigyne green,
globose, 4 lin. diam., strongly ribbed eee santiiel suddenly
into a shorter bifid beak. Nut a cutely triquetrous, subglobose,
Journat or Borany.—Vou. 21. [May, 1883.] K

1380 A CHINESE CLETHRA.

polished, brown-stramineous. Male spike cylindrical, under 4 lin.
long; glumes = one e, acuminate, membranous, pale brown,
with a “daik green keel. — Central Madagascar, Baron 20411* A
near ally of C. inpalteilé (Tab. 2388, fig. 1).

A CHINESE CLETHRA.
By H. F. Hance, Pa.D., F.L.S.

Tue genus Clethra, comprising about twenty-five gga is
divided into two groups of very unequal extent. The first, with
persistent foliage, and containing the great majority, is distributed

exico towards the southern extremity of the North American
continent, through the different states of South jolene and the
West India Islands, as far to the south as Brazil on the tropic, and
Northern Chili; whilst there is besides a solitary outlying species
in Madeira. Of the other, deciduous-leaved group, but four species
an hitherto been known, two from the United States, another
from Japan, and a fourth from the higher regions of some of the
islands of the Malay Archipelago. To these I am now enabled to
add a fifth, from the mountains of Kwang-tung, of which I subjoin
a brief diagnosis.
‘34 Clethra Fabri, sp. n. — Ramulis hirtis, foliis oblongo-lan-
ceolatis basi obtusiusculis apice acutis basin versus integris
ceterum distanter obtuse glanduloso- ee supra pilorum

calycem parum agree ome adobe cernuis, Gnas t mentosi
og aiding :

rimis, ovario dense hirsuto, stylo cenracre calyce duplo longiore.

I o-fau-shan, prov. Cantonensis versus exitum m. Sept.
1882, reperit rev. Ern. Faber, cui lubens dicavi. (Herb. propr. n.
22125).

The specimen I possess is very scanty, mh the leaves I have
described are merely the upper ones at the base of the racemes. I
think it is nearest C. alnifolia Linn.,—nearer shih 3 is C. barbinervis
8. Phat in the shape of the calyx-segments and in the
sparsely pilose petals it resembles C. acuminata Mx. The Malayan
species I have no opportunity of comparing.

* (Mr. Ridley identifies with this species specimens in the Herbarium of
the British sec , from Hildebrandt (3754), eer at Andrangoloaka, East

merina. In t eg than those above
described, one of nen being 2} inches long. en Je OURN

131

CINCHONA LEDGERIANA.
By Henry Triven, M.B., F.L.S.

With reference to the remarks upon Cinchona Ledgeriana by Dr.
Kuntze, printed in the January number (pp. 5-9), it does not seem
necessary to do more than controvert the two Bsbcte upon
which his hy bein pe is based.

Firstly. On p. 6 it is said ‘‘C. Ledgeriana originated spon-
porate in the Govartimant, plantations of Mungpo in ikkim”’

and ‘ ammie and the late Mr. Biermann assured me that
: 0. Ledge me tana had originated ~ commeprttanyd there in —v pov
field.’ To settle this it seemed best to write direct to
on. the subject, and this is what he shea (20 Feb., 1888) :— oo

r. Kuntze must have one of our hybrids in his mind’s eye, and
not Ledgeriana, as having originated oe pected in the eres
field at Mungpo. Certainly I never told him so of Ledgeriana”

—e he further adds, - “ You are quite right i in shinies that all our

f Ledger’s 8. American

pe I got from the Nilgie in the early part of 1866; and Moens

is equally right i . stating that I have never seen it from any other

source. §o that the Sikkim experience of it is identical with that

of Java.” This i is conclusive, and I think it is pretty clear that if
Dr. Kuntze ever knew C. Ledgeriana ea does not know it now

: v3 eae Be ;

often, and therefore the descendants of Tapes are mos
degenerated, ’ &e. This being a practical matter I have requested
the opinion of several Cinchona-growers upon it, and I now gi ive
some portions of a letter (30 Jan., 1883) from Mr. T. N. Christie,
who is a very trustworthy observer, and possesses one of the finest
plantations of C. Leds tana in shot barn He o8ay8; 5 find oss. lana

tected
remarkably tr
he contention of this species being a ‘a hybrid i is 7 a singularly
unfortunate one; it is I think also much to be regretted that such
unfounded and careless statements as those of Dr. Kecntas s should
have been published. Further acquaintance with more and older

132 FLORA OF THE UPPER TAMAR AND NEIGHBOURING DISTRICTS.

trees since the date of my former paper (Nov. 1881) has confirmed
my opinion of the specific distinctness of C. Ledgeriana from
C. pened and its ‘ great variability’’ exists diy | in Dr. Kuntze’s

Ine btissiont: I wish to insist again emphatically on the fact
that am are no C. Ledgeriana trees in the East that have not
descended from Mr. Ledger’s seed from the Rio Mamore; the
species is doubtless a very scarce one, and has not up to the present
been re-discovered in §. America.

Peradeniya, Ceylon, March 8, 1883.

ON THE FLORA OF THE UPPER TAMAR AND
NEIGHBOURING DISTRICTS.

By tHe Rev. W. Movie Roeers, F.L.S.
(Coneluded from p, 104).

Triglochin palustre L.—I., Northeot Mouth. Bude (Hind),
beach, with 7’. maritimum L.

Orchis latifolia L.—I. Near Bude and Widmouth. Il. and I.
Bridgerule, in great quantity.

O, maculata L.—I. Between Wainhouse Corner and Tresparrot.

. Bridgerule. Aeperenty rare.

at bifolia Bab. Man,—III. Bridge — in great quan-
tity. ‘‘ Church Meadow,” i oe: New record for N. Devon.

Listera ovata Brown.—Il1. Bridgerule aarans Plantation ; in
rather small quantity, but I Ai native

Epipactis latifolia Auct.—IL. Bridgerale, by canal. Whitstone,
between se oceny and the school. III. Bridgerule, rather frequent.
ustris Crantz.—III. Bridgerule Hoe, Very rare in 8. W.

: Goon.

Tris fetidissima L.--I. Knowle, hedge in one spot. Langford
Hill Plantation, et. Rare.

Narcissus Pseudo-narcissus L. — 1. a ws a Hodges
between Burrow and Burrow Sige Lik, rule.

Den
Galanthus nivalis L.—III. Bridger joo a
In great quantity, but no arent ag hoes
Tamus communis Li.— . III. Common
_ Polygonatum rg ae um All. a Lan, gford Plantation, in
great quantity and long established, if ors ally wild. I
Bridgerule Tose Plantation. Planted not Brat ight ears
Ornithogalum umbellatum L.—Il. Near Newacott, between the
house and the front uate: ; rhe espa n plenty.

Scilla verna Huds Cliffs near Sandymouth, abundan

Allium ursinum be —I. Near Bude. Stratton. Marhamehure.
Ill. By the riv North Tamerton. Not very comm

Nar veh es ‘cagum Huds.—l. Between Warthotes Corner
and Tresparrot. . Bridgerule Bog. Near Dunsland Cross.

IV. Near Sea: Locally abundant.

FLORA OF THE UPPER TAMAR AND NEIGHBOURING DISTRICTS. 133°

Luzula pilosa Willd.—I. inner Lai

L. sylvatica Bich.—I. Between Seaton and Launeells. St.
Beet Kieve. IV. Near Okckinunton: Local.

L. multiflora Koch.—Il. and III. Bridgerule, common.

.. Epes: Sibth.—I. Bude. II. and ILI. Bridgerule.

J. supinus Monch.—III. Bridgerule. pe: Common.

Besos palustris L.—I. II. I. Com

S. multicaulis Sm.—III. Brdgerale “Bor Near Dunsland
Cross. New record for North Dev

S. pauciflorus Lightf.—I. Disa hollows on Summerleaze
Down, in plenty. New record for East Cornwall. Reckoned >
= Cornwall plant only on the gato — ed in ‘To

ns. W. E — generally.
"8. jluitans L.—III. Bridge Moor. Near Dunsland Cross.
New sours for North Devon
S. Savit 8. & M.—IL. Lane near a, Boscastle. Tintagel.
S said L.—Common in all the districts.

‘riophorum angustifolium Roth.—I. N ie Mouth. Between
Wainhouse Corner’ and Tresparrot. II. Bridgerule Bog. IV.
Near Okehampton.

Carex pulicaris L.—II. and III. Bridgerule, frequent.

C. paniculata L.—IIl. Bridgerule Bog.

C. vulpina L.—I. Sandymouth. Poughill.
canal at caer ; the only station away from the seacoast
where I have as yet seen it in this whole neighbourhoo

C. stellulata Good.—III. Bridgerule. IV. 9 ehampton.

C. remota L.—I. Il. and Ill. Very commo

C. ovalis Good.—I. St. Knighton’s sila Ill. Bridgerule
and Peer common

vulgaris Fries. —I. Near Bude. IL. & III. Commoner than I

remente to have seen it anywhere else. IV. Near Okehampton.

C. glauca Scop.—Sadly too common everywhere. __

C. ilulifera L.—I. Tackbear Lane. II. Near —
pid poo: III. Dux Common. IV. About Okehampton

C. precox Jacq.—I. Summerleaze Down, very abnndant. iV.
Hill ase » Okehampton é

C. proms L.—IL. ges Littlebridge, Bridgerule. Il. Bridge-
rule, com. iV. errr “9

C. lsntins Huds.—I. I. III. Co poniin

Cc. levigata Sm.—IV. Hey Okeham mpto

C. binervis Sm.—ITI. Near Dunsland Reece IV. Okehampton.

C. distans L.—I. In damp hollows on Summerleaze Down, and
in - salt marsh (to the edge os the beach) at Bude.

C. fulva Good.—I. Tack oa II. Between canal and river
south of Bridgerule. II. tse Moor and Bridgerule Bog, in
great quantity. Not in ‘ ice low Botany ’ for North Devon,
but sent me in 1881 from the neighbourhood of Westward Ho, by
Mr. A very different looking plant from C. distans,
not only as the latter occurs on the coast, but also as I have seen

it in inland stations on Exmoor and on Salisbury Plain, :

134 FLORA oF THE UPPER TAMAR AND NEIGHBOURING DISTRICTS.

C. flava L., b. lepidocarpa.—_I. Wainhouse Corner. Boscastle.
II. Near Burrow Cross. ILL. Bri dgerule, common. Varies a good
deal OER to soil and degree of moisture

a L.—I. aon me nga Northeot Mouth. Bude. III.
Bridgerule. Unco
vesicaria L. at, soul III. On both sides of the river from
Bridgerale t : North Tamerton in great quantity. New record for
North Dev

ee Us a L.—II. Bridgerule. Near Holsworthy.
IV. Okeham

Phleum “ses Te L.—I, Widmouth.

Agrostis canina L.—I. Tackbear. ai III. Bridgerule, frequent.

Phragmites communis Trin.—. idmouth.

Milium effusum L.—I. St. Knighton’ s iad in great quantity.

Aira cespitosa, L. ae common,

A. caryophyllea L.—Com

A. precox L.—I. Bo adie. ‘IV. Okehampton

Avena flavescens L.—I. Bude. III. Bridgertle, IV. Oke-
——

A, pubesoer ens Li.—I. Roadside banks between cliffs and canal,
about a mile to the south of Bude. In no great quantity, but
apparently native. New record for Hast Cornw vall.

A, strigosa Bchreb, —-IIl. Bridgerule. Near Holsworthy. One
plant me in each case. Casua

» fatu ae Ma: sabia a Il. Brie ger tlet:

Holeus mollis L.—Almost as common as H, lana ‘

Triodia decumbens neti —-I. Sandymouth. Bode, Widmouth.

al, a commo
Molinia ca@rulea catch Very frequent and most abundant
locally in all the districts.

yceria fluitans Brown., b. pedicillata.—Ill. Bridgerule, rather
frequent, but not nearly so ‘general as the type.

G. plicata Fries.—I. Knowle. Tackbear. II. and III. Bridge-
rule. IV. Okehampton. Appears fairly Soames:
ee oe rigida Link. —I, Kilkhampton village. Bude.

S. loliacea Woods.—I. Widmouth. Boscastle.

Briza media L.—I. Bude. Tackbear. IL. and III. Bridgerule.

Festuca sciuroides Roth.—I. Near Bude. III. Pyworthy. Ap-
parently very loca

F. ovina L., ¢. glauca.—I. Bude beach. The type is very general.

F. rubta Li, a. duriuscula.—I. Il. IIT. Common.

F. elatior L.—1. Common. III. Bridgerule.

F. pratensis Huds.—I. Northeot Mouth.

Bromus giganteus L.—I. I. 11. Common

. asper Murr.—I. Hedges east and west of Stratton. Between
Burrow a Marhamchurch. Tackbear. IL. Between Bridgerule
the canal. Whitstone. Quite rare on the western

side of the river, and not seen at all as yet between the river and
Okehampton.

A NEW AFGHAN PLANT. 185

B. sterilis L.—lI. Il. III. Rather frequent.

B. racemosus ‘‘ L,’’—II. and II. Bridgerule.

Triticum junceum L.—I belies that most of the Triticum along
the seashore, from Northcot Mouth to Widmouth, belongs to this
segregate.

Lolium italicum L.—I. I. II. A common coloni

Lepturus filiformis Trin.—I. On beach, and near me breakwater

ude; a large form.

Hordeum murinum L.—-I. Bud

Lomaria Spicant Desy.—II. il. oe Ake common.

Aspincciin Bub -muraria L.—Com

A, eit L.—Il. Weltuiot * IV. Sticklepath. Ap-
ieee Rise bes

apliaiis ‘Hades. ae Tintagel, remarkably abundant.

A. Adina: -nigrum L.—I. Near Bude. Boscastle and Tintagel.
II. Near Werrington. II. Bridgerule. IV. Okehampton.
Sticklepath. Absent from large portions of I. II. III.

Aspidium aculeatum Sw.—I. Bridgerule. ene rare.

ommo

Nephrodiwm Filix-mas Rich., ¢. Borr ste Las Tl. Il. Very

} ulum Baker.—I. Near soon Lime Knowle. Tack-
bear. Week St. Mary. II. Whits Bridgerule and
Pyworthy, frequent. > Maels commoner me the t Upper Tamar than
in the Teign Valley.

N. Oreopteris Desy.—III. Bridgerule:—Tatson Lane and Laun
ceston Road, near Tinney. Batwvan Pyworthy Village and es
ceston Roa

smunda regalis L.—III. Pancrasweek. Bridgerule, in con-
siderable quantity.

Equisetum palustre L.—I. Bude. Widmouth. I. and III.
Bridgerule.

E, limosum L.—II. and III. Bridgerule.

A NEW AFGHAN PLANT.
By W. B. Hemstey, A.L.S.

The plant described below was overlooked at the time Dr.
Aitchison’s nena sere were published in the Linnean Society’s
Journal (xviii., xix).

Tanac san Jo ae n. sp.—T7’. gracile glabrescens, capi-
tulis parvis homogamis corymbosis, corymbis oligocephalis in
racemos nudos wionstos pte itis

Herba caulibus erectis, gracilibus, subsimplicibus, primum
lanoso-puberulis, deinde olabris. Folia (caulina tantum visa)
pilosula, 2-8-pinnatisecta, 2—4 poll. longa, ad 1 poll. lata, segmentis

I reckon this, as well as Bridgerule West, in my District 1I., as being on
the western side of the river, though politically in Devon

136 ON SPH2ERELLA AND ITS ALLIES.

linearibus, acutis. Capitula homogama, 13-2 lineas diametro,

multiflora, corymbosa, floribus omnibus hermaphroditis, quinque-

dentatis; corymbi 3-5 cephali, breviter pedunculati, in racemos
os :

pluriseriatew, ovato-oblonge, obtusissime margine scariose, in-
teriores omnino scariose ; receptaculum hemisphericum. <Achen:
nondum matura glandulosa, basi callosa; pappus brevis, gubini:
formis, denticulatus.

a nistania, in convalle Logar, Wilson Johnston M.D. legit.
very distinct oe of Tanacetum was collected with a few

other plants in the Logar valley, Afghanistan, by Dr. Wilson
Johnston, and Seaansents to Dr. J. E. T. Aitchison, by whom
it was presented to ie ran Herbarium. In its strict habit it
resembles Erigero aden and i s fl -heads it is not

in
unlike Tanacetum eae but it is sipacently quite herbaceous.

ON SPHARELLA AND ITS ALLIES.
By M. C. Cooxse, M.A., LL.D.
(Concluded from p. 110).

172*Seua#recta Astracas Currey, Linn. Trans., xxii., No. 362.
—Peritheciis sparsis, membranaceis, tectis, globosis, atrofusei is,
minutis, hine illic gregariis. Ascis clavatis. a subfusi-
formibus, sng geen hyalinis (-015--018 x ‘004 mm.).

On ste Astragalus. sot America

This has tsahihg in com with Di iap vorthe, to which it is
referred by Saccardo (p. 487 a alehiongh there is no reference to it
in the ‘ Repertorium’ at p. 696; hence it must be assumed to be
exclude

173*SpH#2RELLA Laruyrina B. & C.; — lathyrina Sacc.,
Syll., No. 2167.—Sporidia “008 x 0025 m

On athyrus stems. U.

This certainly is a Spharel la with a minu mbranaceous
perithecium, and in all —— allied to the . included by
Saccardo himself in that g

2*SPHERELLA ssn roNcrA Cke., Rav. Amer. Fungi, No
681.—Sparsa vel aggregata. Peritheciis punctifo rmibus, emergen-
tibus, atris. Ascis claatis, bxeviter stipitatis. Sporidiis allipticis,
Saree bade (-00 ‘a
s of Clee "8. Cane

aetna CALIFORNICA Cke. & "Hark. — Peritheciis exiguis,
erg pclae ori innato-prominulis, nigro-fuscis, poro per
tus Ascis clavato-cylindricis. Sporidiis arcte ellipticis, uni-
deptatis, nec iedlont hyalinis (008 x -002

On native pe California A in No. 1242),

We had regarded this as the perfect condition “ i een
perpusilla, of Whaak Lestadia perpusilla Sace. was the immature
form; but, since the spermological system gives risienk ‘facilities

ON SPHHERELLA AND ITS ALLIES. 187

= describing the same species twice over, we cannot do other than
e its diagnosis, although still of the same opinion that the one

is a shaprsernciee of the other. Under any circumstances this is the
most perfect form.

220*SpH#ReLta EUMoRPHA B. & C.; Didymella eumorpha Sacc.
Syll., No. 2191.—Sporidia uniseptate, -012 x ‘0083 mm., sometimes
reaching as ne as ‘015 x 008 mm

On dArundina

If the form of ‘the sporidia is to be the crucial test of a species,
then this must belong to oe ella.

221*Spherella philochorta Cke.—Epiphylla, sparsa. _ Peri-
theciis minutis, globosis, ats, atris, epidermide ostiole
papillato pertusa velatis. Ascis clavatis. Sporidiis arcte cylin-

drico-ellipticis, utrinque obtusis, uniseptatis, vix constrictis, hya-
linis (‘(014—-017 x 003 mm.).

A.
Spherella epistroma Cke.— Culmicola, aggregata, innato-
prominula, minutissima, nigra, strias brevas (1 lin.) densas ex-
hibens. Ascis ee Sporidiis fusiformibus, rectis curvulis-ve,
uniseptatis, nec constrictis, hyalinis (-016—-018 x :0035 mm.).

On 80 sina Britain

Forming little scattered lines, like a hyphen (-) about a foot long.

233*SpH#RELLA DEpREsSA Cke.; Physalospora depressa Sace. Syll.,
1709.
On Luzula. Campbell Island.

Sporidia lanceolate, uniseptate, hyaline.

This is in — respect a Spherella, according to the original
vee specim

237*SpH@RELLA carEctorum B. & C. North American Fungi

Minuta, punctiformis, sparsa, prominula. Ascis clavatis.
Sporidiis breviter fusifo — quadrinucleatus, demum unisep-
tatis, nec constrictis, hyalini

On leaves of Carex ‘olliculata. United States.

288*SpHaHrReLia caricicoia Fekl. (Lestadia caricicola Sace. Syll.,
No. 51).—Sporidia uniseptate ‘01—-012 x -008 ys

From = —— published by Fuckel, No. 1772,
— “i our copy. Some would think that there must be two
species thee same speainiiss, ut we are disposed rather to
mame this the more matured condition of the fruit epmetie the
specimens from which Fuckel drew up his original diagnos

PHERELLA INTERCELLULARIS B. & C. (Didymella snsercehagirt
Sace. Syll., 7s > ie elliptical, uniseptate, ‘012 x -0085 mm.

On leaves of T'yp

Perithecia stleien together on small darker spots, with all the
characters of a genuine Spherella

260. SpuaRecta nyssmcota Cke. —Subsequent examination of

ore _— specimens a demonstrated this to be a good

a (°008 x 0025

4 a part at least, if not gre es = _— erysiphoides
. & C., according to specimens in Herb. B

- 188 ON SPH#RELLA AND ITS ALLIES.

271. Spomretua Armoracim (Fekl.).—We fail to distinguish
any difference, in external appearance, asci, or sporidia, or its
stylosporous condition, between this species and Spherella Brassi-

cecola (Duby), No. 121.
herella Panacis Cke. — Hypophylla, Serogarits macule-
formis. Perit eciis minimis, subglobosis, atri mi-innatis,

maculis orbicularibus vel irregularibus fo ar yas eylin-
drico-clavatis, sessilibus. Sporidiis arcte ellipticis, hyalinis, uni-
septatis ib 01 x -0025 mm.

ves of Panawx cr rassifolia. New Zealand, South Island

(Kirk, Sas 89).
Spherella a aahtas cula Cke. — Epiphylla, Weogs sparsave,
sepe maculeformis. Peritheciis majusculis, globosis, atris, semi-

innatis, onli’ ; ostiolo punctiformi. Ascis aickincesse: -clavatis.
Sporidiis arcte ellipticis, ne ec loculo inferiore leviter tenuiore,
she ie (012 x -003 m
n dead leaves — Seatcis rotundifolius. Stewart Island, New

Zealand (Kirk, No. 1

A — distinct oe conspicuous species

evLA Iuicrs Ellis, in Amer. Nat. xvii. 1883, p. 317.

Aiapingena. “Maathe rotundatis, superne albis, inferne brunneis,
margine elevato purpureo circumdatis. Peritheciis dampen
ee ara semi-innatis, prominulis; ostiolo amplo. Ascis ob-

go-cylindricis -04—-055 x ‘0075-011 mm. Sporidiis binabinlibeiss
avelo: oblongis, subhyalinis, uniseptatis, leviter constrictis 013-

003 mm.
On living leaves of Ilew glabra. New J — (U.S. A.).
Spu@rectA Muniensercia Ellis, in Nat. xvii., 1883,

. 817.— Peritheciis erumpentibus, mar lant rumque elongato-
serialibus. Ascis oblongis (‘035 x 0095 mm.). Sporidiis ellipticis,
uniseptatis (°011--015 x-003--0035 mm.). Stylosporis in peri-
theciis majoribus, oblongo-fusiformibus (013-019 x 004 mm.) bi-
nucleatis

On leaves of Muhlenbergia. Newfield, New Jersey (U.S. A.).

‘« Possibly not sufficiently distinct from S. graminicola Fckl.”

The following species of ahs a (Lestadia) belong to the first
section of this communicati

Spherella (Lzsrap1) bariilie Cke. —Epiphylla. Macu-
lis orbicularibus, confluentibusque, fuligineis. Peritheciis exiguis,
globosis, atris, poro pertusis, confertis, circinato-dispositis. Ascis

subeylindricis (‘08 mm. long). Sporidiis ellipticis, continuis,
pena (007 x 0025 mm.

On leaves eg Asarum arifolium. Seaboard of Carolina. U.S.
(Ray., No. 827

Sphe Seta. ‘Chzstamn) Paronychie Cke. — Amphigena,
nec punctiformis. Peritheciis minimis, atris, globosis, semi-

ersis. Ascis cylindraceis (‘014-008 mm.). Sporidiis arcte
elipticis, continuis, wads (:008 x 0025 mm.

On fading leaves of Paronychia serpyllifolia. Luchon, France

(No. 1827).

ON SPH4ZRELLA AND ITS ALLIES. 1389

Old dng pe without ne from the herbarium of Coun
Limminghe have on them the above, vee with Henderson
microphylla Cke., .» and Piniera Paron: Cke. All similar i
appearance and habit, except eet byes pekithonia of the Ploospora
are nearly double the size of the

PHERELLA (Le@stadia) JUNIPERINA \ Bllis, in Amer. Nat., xvii.,
1883, p. 917.—Perithecia primo tecta, dein cain sparsa, peramgu
confluens. Ascis fasciculatis (“035-04 x -007—-008 orl
inordinato-biserialibus, clavato-oblongis, granulosis, hyalinis (? segs
tatis) (‘009--011 x 0035 m

On fading leaves of Juniperus communis. Lowa (U.S. A.).

Species dubia et excludende.

Spuaria tieRivans Schwz., No. 1804, is a Spherella in appear-

ance, but the small original specimen is sterile.
iricans Schwz.— The original specimen is a
scutellate discomycete with globose sporidia.

SpH#ria conttapsa Schwz., No. 1784, is also a Discomycete, and
probably an imperfect Pocillum, in a you ng state, with ~ nae:
physes developed, or it may be filiform stylospores, but no

Spuaria Fracarre Schwz., No. 1769.—Whether Caisade or
“ha is 3 without t fruit, and certainly there are no very pro-
minent o

Spx m Schwz., No. 1687.—Perithecia much too
ia ay a «Spheres, but without

SPHERE in Herb. Theo nly specimens,
we have reat oe 3 opsite sof Discosia. Altho a distributed no
description appears to have been published.

PHERELLA HELONLEFOLIA Cke. & Ellis, ae viii., 16.—
Isa acne — according to more perfect specimens.
HERIA EXcIPULANS Schwz., No. 1803.— Has no affinity with
Soke ella ; are perithecia are too carbonaceous, and no fruit can be
found.

PHERELLA APERTIUSCULA Schwz., No. 1785.—May probably
belong to a Arg _ - authentic specimen is without fruit.
Spaz ota Schwz., No. 1806.—-Although the
smilioodia a aiianins hee. anil asci, the sporidia are imperfect, so
that its position cannot be determined.
Spo#rta Katmiacora Rav. Fungi. Amer., No. 682, on —_ of
sis oe was carelessly issued under this name in It
an Ascomycete but perhaps a Coccwaria. The same yews on
pieces has been distributed as Spheria Andromede Schwa.
The only Spheria Kalmiecola of Schw. is thé species called by him
Depazea Kalmiacola, and that is either the Phyllosticta r peda
or Spherella colorata, according as it is stylosporous or ascosporous.
This is, aa the same as authentic specimen of S. Kalmiarum,
No. 170 e Spheria Andromede is the same as Spheria Andro-
malate Schwz., —
. Desm., No. 976, has the appearance
— a — sia on as rr as our specimens go is only a

140

~ VARIATION IN NEW ZEALAND FERNS.
By H. C. Fretp.

I wave thought that the following notes respecting our New
ealand Ferns may interest some of those who give attention to
isposed

depauperated ones; while Steins ae of 2 a crimson, and

copper-colour are very co and hardly any two plants are

exactly alike in texture anid. phiatnctor of foliage. But one of the
striking

to occur in creeping and non-creeping forms. Nephrodium decom-
positum, for instance, creeps rapidly, and s a covers a —
of ground ; while its var. glabellum will ne spread six inches

oO
ae of a —— pot; and in one part of the colony (Tuhua)
this fern occurs as a distinctly-tufted plant, and in large specimens
develops a stout ‘sitibad caudex like that of the Todeas. These

gre io
fernists as to how far they shonld be —— as constituting new
varieties, saree as there is sufficient difference in the foliage
to enable the kinds to be at once distinguished. The foliage of the
creeping Davallia is wiry, and the frond rarely more than a foot
high and of ovate- lanceolate form; while t € non-creeping one is
often three feet high, with briangula —— and thin texture.

ranges from merely pinnate, with entire or oy oust ante d edges,
to tripinnate, ioe deep narrow poo like those of A. Colensot, an

often difficult 0 class the plant, a thin and plumose forms.
A, flaccidum again varies greatly, some a appearing like merely

A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS SELAGINELLA. 141

enlarged specimens of the English mountain spleenwort, while
others have broad oval or triangular pinne. Some forms of it also
creep considerably, and produce fresh tufts along the ‘aides
whilst the great majority never do so. Some forms of A. obtusatum
again propagate themselves in the same way, and there is a great
difference in plants of A. wnbrosum in the same respect, as well as
in the character ana colour of the foliage. As a rule, non-creeping
forms have broader Sinner foliage than creeping ones. In fact, if
the various peculiarities of our New Zealand Ferns sufficed to
constitute separate varieties, we should he aah we ands of names
to designate the whole of them, and should to be constantly
adding to the list as fresh forms a eased? or were noticed.
slight difficulty in oe occasional plants is, to ay mind, a far
less evil than this would and the more so as, even now, many
persons are oteerell from Silging our ferns by the difficulty which
they experience in riage the names of the several kinds. It

ity t S of

ough the country ig af red and brought into pat
So ome kinds, formerly alpcoble plentiful here, are no longer to be
found at all, the places where they grew being now idee | grass or
crop, and no doubi this evil will increase as time goes on; a
therefore anything which deters people from cultivating, and s
saving, the plants is to be deprecated.

A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS SHELAGINELLA.
By J. G. Baxer, F.R.S., &¢.
(Continued from p. 100).
45. §. revoluta, n. sp.—Stems densely matted, trailing, 1-2

PR ely firm in texture, ‘pevolate; the midrib nearly Sat the
upper margin a little more convex than the lower, the ie ciliated ;
those of the upper plane a third as long, ovate, acute, much im-
bao ke strongly ciliated. Spikes very short, square, + iin. diam. ;
bracts ovate, acute, much imbricated, strongly keeled.
Near Maypures and below San Fernando, on the banks
of 7 Orinoco, Spruce 3621! hie S. aggesta of the Himalayas.
S. paruta Spring Mon. ii. 97?; S. sarmentosa A, Br.—
Ia cafe patulum Swartz ? ; Ae ge Hook. & Grev. — Ste
er, pale, tr. aie reaching 6-9 in. long, angled on the ies,
with a long whiplike tip and nate ae short alternate pinnately
arranged branches, with 3-7 branchlets. Leaves of the lower plane
crowded, erecto-patent, oblong- ianbdolats; subacute “e gota
bright green, moderately firm in texture, the midri b distinct,

at the base ; leaves of the upper plane a third as long, oblique ovate,

142 A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS SELAGINELLA.

acute. Spikes +-4 in. long, } lin. diam., square; bracts ovate-
psn guseol Tee ‘strongly keeled.
Jamaica, Bancroft! Wilson! Common in cultivation.
Marked at a glance hips S. serpens by its caudate stem and fewer
more compound bran
47. Bishi a Br. in Ann. Se. Nat., ser. 4, vol. xiil.,
62; S. jfimbriata Liebm., non Spring; S. L iebmanni. Fourn. : 8,
serpens Spring, ex parte. be eniia trailing, pale, square, flat on "the
face, reaching a length of half a foot, forked, Nea, fasted
branched, the ‘anes Sa short, often with several branch Leaves
of the lower plane close or rather spaced, ae cent rather
ascending, bright green, ope moderately firm in texture, subobtuse,
ciliate d, but little rounded and not cihwiadted 0 over the stem on the
upper side at the base ; teats of the upper plane a third as long,
oblique ovate, cuspidate, imbricated. Spikes ay hae thvebte
ovate-lanceolate, much imbricated, strongly keeled
Hab. In cares tee Pass antla, Schiede and Deppe, Liebmann !
A near ally of S. s
48. §. sERTATA apting Monog. ii., 104.-Stems slender, pale,
trailing, square, flat on the face, forked and copiously pinnately
branched, with iehotaly compound branches. Leaves of the lower
plane rather steed crowded or rather spaced on the branches,
pale green, moderately firm in texture, oblique lanceolate, {-1 lin.
long, flat, subacute, eih a distinct midrib, the upper side but little
rounded at the base and scarcely at all imbricated over the ster ;
those of the upper plane a third as long, oblique oblong, cuspidate.
Spikes square, 4-4 in. long, } lin. diam.; bracts ovate-lanceolate,

ab. Nicoya and Song Ba pceee! Although the stems
are continuous, s has so of the root-fibres anticous. In
general habit it ERE eb 8. ee.
49. §. saccuarata A. Br. . in Fil. Nov. Gran. 856; S.
nie ge Liebm., non Spring; 8S. Spirillum Tigo Siam
trailing, subterete, 4-1. ft. gre forked and copiously pinnately
branched, the branches copiously compound. Leaves of the lower
plane ovate or oblong, those of the branches crowded or rather
spaced, 4 lin. long, obtuse, flat, moderately firm in texture, pale
green, turning bright t red when old, the distinct midrib nearly

the upper imbricated over the stem; leaves of the upper blasil half
as long, Bera oblong, incurved, acute, much imbricated. Spikes
4-4 in g,4 lin. lam., square ; bracts crowded, ovate-lanceolate,
strongly tasted

Hab. ~ Mexico, Schaffner! Liebmann! F. Muller 787! Curls
up oe ae like S. delicatissima

0. oueLasu’ Spring idee. a Ua: LL. a Hook.

war Grey.; L. ovalifolium Hook. & Grev. To: t. 177. — Stems
trailing, 3-6 in. long, pale, subterete, forked low down, pinnately
branched, with sommes compound lower branches. Leaves of Hy
lower plane crowded or slightly spaced, rather ascending,
_ green, firm in texture, eae oblong, obtuse, nearly flat, ah

A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS SELAGINELLA. 148

ear both sides auricled and ciliated at the base, the upper
uch imbricated over the stem; leaves of the upper ee half as

aes oblique oblong, cuspidate. Spikes , $-1 lin. diam

ae deltoid, cuspidate, much imbricated, strongly iigted on the

“Hab. British Columbia, Oregon, and Washington territory.

A big marked ria
Ss. s, n. sp.—Stems slender, trailing, above a foot

tale’ terete on the back, angled on the face, copiously distantly
pinnately branched, the bag tg ie ascending, flabellately

—— Leaves of the lower plane ovate, acute, ascending,
3-3 lin. long, crowded on the branches, bright green, firm in texture,
rather more produced on the upper side of the distinct midrib,

pas susie ety the lower half of the upper margin, rounded
n both si the base, not cordate on the upper, but so much
initittdbted 6 over tie branch that it is hidden; leaves of the upper
plane a third as ans ovate, acute, convergent, much imbricated.
ae unknow
Hab. Rapids of the Rio Mauhes, Amazonas, North Brazil,

Dr. Traill 1416!

Group 2.—Piumosz.

52. S. uncrnata Spring Mon. ii. 109; Lycopodiwm uncinatum
Desv.; L. dilatatum Hook. & Grev.; L. casium Hort.; Dill. Muse.

branches, thin in texture, bright blue-green, a e produced
on the upper side of the distinct midrib, ciliated, minutely
petioled, both sides poriaye at the base, oe see scarcely imbri-
cated over the stem; leaves of the upper plane 4 as long, oblique
oblong, ages Be much nace ted. Spikes }-} in. long, square,
1 lin. diam.; bracts ovate-lanceolate, a line long, aa sharply
keeled,
Hab. China. Well known in cultivation.
53. §. semicorpara Spring Mon. ii. 107; Lycopodium semicorda-
tum Wall. ex parte. — Stems trailing, slender, pale straw-coloured,
often a foot long, bisulcate on the face, igh sre pinnately branched,
with bee densely compound branches. Leaves of the lower plane
contiguous, spreading or rather Saas onlone- lascoulnia L19th
to 1-8th in. long, subobtuse or subacute, paler green and n
in texture as in plumosa, pry equilateral, the midrib distinct, the
upper side not all dilated at the base, not imbricated over the stem
and not ciliated ; leaves PF ee plane 4 4 as long, oblique Stone,
cuspidate, much imbricated. Spikes }- i in. long, 3-1 lin. diam.
square ; bracts ovate, acute, strongly keeled.
ab. Frequent in the East Sa a and gathered by
Alexander at Chusan. S. semicordata of J. Scott’s ‘List of the
Higher Cryptogams of the Calcutta Garden,’ p. 68, is founded on

144 A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS SELAGINELLA.

a plant of Dr. Hamilton’s, included by Wallich under his L.
ainda: ona A believe to be a form of S. monospora with siightly
dimorphic br bra

54. S. auricutata Spring. Mon S. plumosa Presl.—
Stems trailing, about half a foot ig, aout on the face,

in. ae about three times as long as ‘broad: # spre sadiue or rather
: ; ei =

little dilated at the base, and slightly imbricated over the stem;
leaves of the upper plane a third as long, broad ovate, distinctly
cuspidate. Spikes 4-1 in. long, square, 4 lin. diam.; bracts ovate,
acute, crowded, sharply keeled.
Hab. Philippines, Cuming 2018! A near ally of S. plumosa.
55. 8. austratiensis Baker; S. concinna Benth. Fl. Austral.
vii. 678, non Spring. — Stems tr ‘ailing, 4-1 ft. long, forked at base,
bisulcate on both back and face, pinnately branched, with copious
ee branches. Leaves of the lower plane oblong-lanceolate,
e, 8-4 times as long as broad, spreading, close or rather spaced
on a the branches, 1-12th to 1-8th in. long, bright green, moderately
firm in texture, the distinct midrib nearly central, the upper side
ois little dilated at the base and scarcely imbricated over the stem,
seurely ciliated; leaves of the upper plane 4-} as long, ovate
penenr much imbricated. Spikes square, 4-1 in. long, 2 lin.
ma bracts ae ovate-lanceolate, acutely kéele sd.
Hab. In Que nsland, at Rockingham Bay, and on the banks of
the ap oy Sivues Dallachy! Fitzalan
S. Commersoniana Spring Mon. ii. 110. — Stems trailing,
ahi: a foot in length, convex on the back, bisulcate on the face,

h h so
the lower plane crowded, subrigid, bright green, a line longs half a
line ica: oblong- lanceolate, very acute, subequilateral, the ome
on the upper side apegies ciliated, not dilated; leaves of up
plane ovate cuspidate, } as long. Spikes very short, square ; Bathe
ovate- fanceslate, rouse Sy strongly keeled.

pines, Commerson.

57. pLumosA Baker; 8S. radicata Spring Mon. ii. 114;
S. Roawburghii Spring Mon. ii. 203; S. prelonga, tetragonostachya,
and pyrrhopus Spring; S. stolonifera a: Scott, ex parte, non Spring;
Lycopodium plumosum Linn. herb.; L. tetr ~ ey ene nb Wall. ;
L. radicatum, Be 7 and Rowburghit Hook. & Grev. ; Dill.
Muse. tab. 66, fig. 10. — Stems pale, trailing, fy ft. long, often

1-12th to 1-8th in. long, much more on the upper side
the distinct midrib, ciliated on both sides at the base, cordate
the upper side, and much imbricated over the stem ; leaves of the

ON CUDRANIA TRILOBA AND ITS USES IN CHINA, 145

upper plane 4 as long, ovate, cuspidate, much imbricated. Spikes
1 lin. dia:

copious, square, }-} in. long, ra am.; bracts ovate-
lanceolate, acute, strongly keeled. geen > monospora Spring Mon
S. rugulosa Cesati; Dill. Muse. t. 66, fig. 8. Habit more

85; .

robust, ‘the branches more compound, Abs upper part of the stem
etd the the root-fibres usually | confined to the nodes of the lower
half. Leaves bright green, 4-4 in. long. — Var. 8S. pallida Spring
Mon. ii. 116; Lyeopoivn pallidum H. & G. Leaves shorter,

more ovate, pale gr
eaten Hmmala fie and Mountains of the Indian Penin-
sula and Ceylon; Birma and the Malay Isles; and extending to
South China, San Cristaiek J. G. Veitch! and Vanéecolla, C. Moore!
cannot separate by any definite character S. biformis A. Br.
(Philippines, Goetap 2016!). L. prelongum H. & G. is a form with
long flaccid trailing stems, flagellate at the end, and all the

: . a dw
hie leaves between those of the type and var. pallida, Spring’s
nin plant, mentioned under pallida, is S. boninensis Baker. Var.
Hamilton Baker (S. semicordata J. Scott Calc. List 63, non Spring)
is a form of monospora with oe dimorphous bracts included by
Wallich under the same number as Spring’s plan
(To be sina

ON CUDRANIA TRILOBA Hance, AND ITS USES
IN CHINA.

By Francis Buacxwett Forszs, F.L.S.

Dr. Hance first described Cudrania triloba in the ‘ Journal of
Botany,’ 1868, p. 49, from a = wane gathered in the interior of
Shantung Provinee, North C and amended his eee
later (Journ. Bot. 1876, p 365), ‘sfide Mr. Swinhoe had sen
Specimens from Chefoo, aise 3 in Shantung. In 1877 I myself found
the plant on the Féng-wang Hills, near Shanghai (Kiangsou Pro-
vince), and Dr. Hance made the a, note on one of the
specimens which he ie determined for «« An unfortunate
Specific name, as the foliage seems very Vv. viable.”

This remark is abundantly justified by: the cr specimens
which I have since then collected at various paves in in the Shanghai
district, as well as at Chefoo. The typical form is distinctly trilobate,
with the central lobe sometimes twice as long as the lateral ones ;
but frequently unlobed leaves of varied outlines are also found on

e same specimen. As far as I have been able to observe, the

towards larger aa entire Laren with at the most an indistinct or

irregular lobing, their general form comprising many variations

between pbldage ‘and lanceolate, or even (more rarely) obovate and
L

146 ON CUDRANIA TRILOBA AND ITS USES IN CHINA.

emarginate. The growing shrub is easily recognised, notwith-
standing this variety of foliage, but herbarium-specimens show
other differences of texture and colour — are puzzling to any-
one who looks at a series for the first tim

ommon as this species is at Chefoo a se Shanghai, M. Debeaux,
his has published in the ‘Actes de la Société Linnéenne de Bor-

tt himself » either. He quotes, however, in a supplement to his
‘‘Florule de Tchéfou’’ Dr. Hance’s above-mentioned notice of Mr.
Swinhoe’s ciecied: adding that in all the specimens of C. triloba
in M. Franchet’s herbarium whic came from Kiangsou, the
leaves are ‘obliqu ement ovales.” But it is difficult to see how
e leaves even of any single specimen of this plant could be
defined | in M. Debeaux’s sess Be rin any others equally simp
I venture to add her description of this species somewhat
fuller than that which ‘ee pate Se - the disposal of its eminent
author enabled him to give origin
Cuprania TRILOBA Hance in Journ, Bot. Agee. p. 49. — Species
polymorpha, frutescens decum frutex v. arbuscula 15-20
pedalis. Ramuli angulati v potas lontioallia seepe notati, pales
v. fere glabri, spinis nolitariis axillaribus 8-12 lin. longis armati,
in forma arborescente sepius inermes. Folia alterna, as oll.
longa, medio 3-23 poll. lata, petiolo in forma frutescente 4-5
lineali, in arborescente 1-1} pollicari, stipulis minutis; rotundata,

interdum mucronata, v. elliptica nunc oot rotundata acuta nun
utringue attenuata; integra v. obscure et irregulariter 1dVata,
sepe distincte triloba, lobo intermedio icles obtuso v

en ee 2) raessessaay, 3-4 lin. eeu Ne 2-4 lineali-
thii s segmenta oblonga cucullata imbricata,
Pils 2 (2 fam per anthesin lutescente-alba, soluta; fila-
menta crassa subulata, basi 2 cu adnata, aoe erectis
posse oe exsertis ; Ovarii rudimentum tenuissimum subul Fl.
foem.: perianthii segmenta sage imbricata, post cat nat aucta
carnosa ; stylus indivisus filiformis, longe exsertus. Fructus ruber,
mori mole ; in pseudosyncarpio semina ates eae een gst peri
ium globosum crustaceum stramineum, 14-2 li eanekae,
stylo interdum superstite.
This plant has an economic interest specially on account i the

use made of i it by the Chinese in feeding silkworms. In May, 1881,
M. Brunat, a French gentleman, who had gone to the silk- Miele
to purchase ¢ cocoons for the firm in which I was a partner, wrote to

ai from Wu- et (Kiangsou Etec about the
rumoured Senate nts of a scant supply of mulberry-leaves. He
an

they could be partly on leaves gathered from certain wild
shrubs of the Poeun rats f He could not himself give a name

ON CUDRANIA TRILOBA AND ITS USES IN CHINA. 147

to these, pnt said that they certainly ‘‘n’avaient aucun rapport
avec le murier.” At my request he brought back to Shanghai good
BDeonene of the shrub, which I at once recognised as Cudrania
trilo were apparently from one plant, with eae or oval
leaves, hardly at all lobed, the female capitula in young flower with
exserted styles.

e Chinese name for M. Brunat’s porns given me by a
native ‘of the silk- tiatriete, was cha- shu, while a small tree of the
same species growing near my house in the Suances suburbs was
named by my Chinese yn poh-hsi. Local plant-names vary —
greatly in China, but, apart from this, neither of my informants
would have liked to appear une to answer my questions, so that
I attach little value to the mation in either case. My o

conviction is that my oe are to a referred to the ché,
nu-ché, or shih tree, the notices of which in standard Chinese works
have long pean a puzzle to botanists.
following indication of references to this plant I am
icasuiod cs a papers he Se by Dr. Bretschneider in the early
part of 1881.* I may remark that part of the difficulty in a
the ché tree has icabélons arisen from its comparison in the Chines

vonsrave sinologue, Dr. 8. Wells Williams, misled by this com-
parison, Calls the ché tree (Ghinese Dict. p. 39 ) “the silkworm oak
)

The «Pen- tsao-kang-mu,’ xxxvi., pp. 9, 10, 11, gives long
descriptions of the ché and the nu- -ché, the f ollowing abstract of —
which has been kindly prepared by my friend Mr. Donald Spence,

of H. onsular Service :—

as Native authorities state that the ché prefers stony ground, and
the tsoh hilly arable land. Hence it is that the etymology
meaning of the character ché is ‘‘ stone-tre The ood is
streaked inside, and may be worked on the sate a aa
articles. Its leaves are used for feeding silkworms, but it is also
said that its renee are hard and not so good as the mul

the hills, having leaves of a thick texture, round, terminating in
point. Silkworms are fed on these, and the silk so prone | is
employed in hinkieg lute-strings which give a clearer ae
the ordinary ones. Another author says that bow ag
wood to tip their bows with; and that the tree iets, a oaiiah
yellow dye, called the ché yellow w, which is used for the imperial
garments. It is elsewhere stated that ché wood, to which has been
applied a paste made of coal-dust and vinegar, can be dyed black in
a& seg an

-ché grows in the wild hilly country of Kiangnan. It
camiBles ee ché tree, and has thorned nodes and persistent

* «Notes on some botanical questions connected with the export trade
China,” January, 1881; “On Chinese soe Se June, 1881; published i in
the ‘North China Daily News,’ Shan

t “On the silkworm-oaks of ae China.” Journ. Linn. Soc. x. 487.

148 ON CUDRANIA TRILOBA AND ITS USES IN CHINA.

leaves. Another writer says that the nu-ché is like the ché, but
smaller; and that its leaves, which resemble those of the tsoh, but
are not so large, are used for feeding silkworms.’

Both the ché and the nu-ché, according to the ‘ Pen-tsao-kang-mu,’
have medicinal properties, but it is needless to. quote here the
detailed instructions for adminis istering preparations of them to
women troubled with one one flatulence, &e.

M. Isid e report * published in 1848, says
follows, quoting paisley ret a ME torre from the ‘ eel

leaves, rough to the touch, and in outline round terminating in a
point ; the branches bear spines, whence it is sormnebatri called the
tsé-tsang, or thorny mulberry. The fruit, called Kia, resembles
pepper. The leaves of the tché tree are alternate and numerous.
The stem is slender and straight. The leaves are thick. An
interval of a year must be allowed between two gatherings of
leaves, otherwise they would contain properties noxious to the

ae

hé tree grows everywhere in the north. Its wood is

ae aad solid. Its bark is covered with fine serrated lines which
bear a great number of white spines. Its leaves resemble those of
the mulberry, but they are smaller and thinner. Their colour is
of a pale yellow; the extremity is triangular. They are excellent
for feeding silkworms. There is a variety of the tché tree, called
the nou-tché.”

The two 3 are also figured in the ‘Chi-wu-ming,’ vol.
xxxy., which I have examined at the British Museum, folio 46
being a drawing of the ché and folio 27 of the nu-ché. Both
drawings are very repeat in their rendering of the various
forms of leaves, and a comparison with my specimens of Cudrania
triloba shows beyond cdoubt that both represent this species. It is
stated briefly in the Chinese text that the ché leaves can be used as

form, or nu-ché, i all shrub. This latter is said to grow
in Kiangsi Province, hing prickles and large triangular leaves.
The plates in the i-wu-ming’ show very little difference

between the ché acid the nu-ché, exec that the latter has spines
and it may be inferred from the annexed descriptions that the ché
is cultivated, since cm nu- met is spoken of as a wild biripe i

triloba are some taken from tw
small trees (male and fomais) helt with thousands of the ordinary
native trees and shrubs, had been set out by the Foreign Municipal
Council of Shanghai along their main suburban road. The leaves
of these are larger and thicker than in the wild specimens, and are
generally entire, though with slight lobings near the tips of a few,
and with all the other varieties of form which characterise the
species. Mr. Carruthers, who has examined all my specimens, is

** Description methodique des produits divers receuillis dans un voyage en
Chins,” par Isidore Hedde. Chambre de Commerce, St. Etienne, 1848.

ON CUDRANIA TRILOBA AND ITS USES IN CHINA, 149

inclined to separate this form from C. triloba Hance, but I cannot
help thinking that the greater luxuriance of the whole plant may
fairly be accounted for by its having exchanged its home on the
thin soil of the Kiangsou hill-sides for the rich alluvial earth of the
Yangtze delta, where it has been long cultivated. There is in the
Herbarium of the British Museum a corresponding specimen,
collected by Sir George Staunton in 1798, in the western )
antung Province. Lord Macartney’s aaa: to which Staunton
ached, traversed this province only along the line of the
Grand Canal ¢ through an alluvial country, and there is therefore
reason to suppose that his specimens were, like my own, gathered
from a cultivated ae I sag add that my own observations pan
not enabled me to detect any differences pobiee the wild a
cultivated fates as regards either ete or fruits :
In the very valuable series of reports on silk-pr or RSNOe: issued
by the nspector- General of Chinese Maritime Custom n 1881,

il
gathered entirely from Chinese works, and t
appended to his Agus are by no mean _~ vita as those in the
‘Chi-wu-ming,’ to which I tank already 20 rred.

M. Isidore Hedde states in the paper ioe quoted that he had
brought to France a growing tché ‘cs which had been obtained for
him by a missionary in Chusan, but the plant perished before —
reaching Paris. I may here note that I saw last year, at ihe

feet high, which, if my memory serves me, had been sent em
Shanghai. Its leaves theses, to be generally entire, or only
obscurely lobed.

As further bearing on the identity of the ché tree with Dr.
Hance’s species, some Chinese writers describe the ché fruit as
resembling a mulberry, which the fruit of C. triloba certainly does.
By others the ché seeds are said to be like pepper the
specimens I have examined the seeds are straw- coloured or light
brown, so that this comparison seems to require some stretch of
imagination, unless indeed the appearance of the seeds changes at a
later stage. Finally, Rumphius (Herb. Amboin. V., p. 24) has
described the Javanese Cudrania oe furnishing a yellow dye; and
on the theory of the ché tree being a species of the same genus, it is
not surprising to find it used by the Chinese for the same purpose.

here is, it must be admitted, a certain vagueness in all the

Chinese descriptions, which tempts one to think that the same
plant which had been taken by one author as the ché tree may have
been referred by another to the nu-ché. As regards the economical
value of the species, the further most important question remains
to be studied of how far the ché leaves are restricted by the Chinese
. the rearing of the wild varieties of the silkworm, and to what

xtent they may actually be employed in producing the Wusieh
e6esdiil, the excellent quality of which is well known to the silk-
trade,

150

ON THE FLORA OF INNISHOWEN, CO. DONEGAL.
y H. C. Hart, B.A.
—— from p. 80).
Anemone nemorosa 14.—Loeal, W. E. H.
Ranunculus heterophyllus Sibth, -_Frequent, ot H.
abundant from Fahan to Bridge-end and Burt, where the
R. —— Fr. and R. Baudotii Godron occur, me former baits
comm
R. ‘ateraceu L.—Common, but diminishing northwards.
sceleratus st Ww. E. H. Malin Estuary; Blanket
Nook ; soar Burnfoo

R. Flammiula Li. “ Ficaria L. cris L. R. repens L.
R. “step L.—About Dantes saa Sonthednet fi Gaby not un-
freque

nes palustris L.—Local, W. E. H. Between Fahan and
Inch Road.
mi Pi alba L.—Rare, W. E. H. Lough Inn in East Innis-

Nisha lutea Sm.—Frequent, W. E. H. Lough Namin
Papaver dubium L.—Not unfrequent about Stroove and isa
nals Doagh Island.
+ Chaledvnivins majus L.—Culmore, W. E. H.

+Fumaria capreolata L.—Fields at Malin Well, Dickie. At
Ardmalin + F’ Parva nate roo tf’. confusa were both gathered.

tF.0 pias L.—-Com

Corydalis claviculata DC. SERDAR on banks by a roadside
and on a thatched roof near ninegreee 8 i E. H.
Nasturtium officinale R. Br.—Com

tne vulgaris R. Br.—By m8 aide be the stream between

Bridgo-en end and Burnfoot; a very rare plant in North Donegal.
Arabis hirsuta Br. —Sandy ground Acree Gisenonsie.
Cardamine pratensis ; 5:

+ Sisymbrium officinale Seo cop.—Frequent? At Knockglass, west
of Malin ; rt ted banks between Farland Pt. and Blanket Nook.

+ Sinapis arvens

Draba verna is sodeéal about Greencastle, W. E. H.; between
eo. and Fahan

). incana L.—Sand y ground by the sea between Buncrana and

Fahan. This i is an sea pertank addition to the Flora of Donegal ;
the plant occurs in Ireland on Ben Evenagh to the east of Lough
Foyle, and on sand-hills Below it; on mountains and sand-hills
in Sligo and on Macgillieuddy’s Reeks in Kerry. It might, there-
fore, have been expected to oceur in Donegal, but it is remarkable
that it has not been found on the mountains.

Cochlearia officinalis L. +Capsella Bursa-pastoris DC.

*Senebiera Coronopus Poir.—Plentiful at Cartielcibeiliy Castle on
Doagh Island, the only place in —_ I have seen it in Donegal ;
Moville and Greencastle Pier, W. E. H

Cakile maritima Scop.—Frequent on 1 the Lough Swilly side, at

ON THE FLORA OF INNISHOWEN, CO, DONEGAL. 151

ao and Dunaff; west side of Malin Head; Malin Estuary;
an Bay; on the east side at Culdaff, sparingly.
“HRaphanus Raphanistrum Li.
aritimus Sm.—Between Stroove and Innishowen Head, and
at iaaveean Head; shore east of tron una
Crambe maritima L.—‘ At Nonvany Point in the parish of
Clonmary,”’ "Cyb, Hib. This should be Clonmany, but I have not
yet reached this point, nor am I sure of its ie tt since this
name is not in the maps, nor known to the ,
[Reseda lutea L. <7 ones plant at Geoeniasilc on the shore of
Lough Foyle, W. E
tR. Luteola L.—Very rare. At Fahan and Inch Road; between
Fahan and apf ey the railway; near the R. C. Chapel west
of Malin; at Malin, Dickie.
iola Salute ris Li. V. sylvatica Fr.
V. Curtisii Forst.—Sandy diss at Culdaff; Doagh Island and
on the opposite side of Malin Estuary, &c.
. tricolor L.—Not baer
Drosera rotundifolia Li
D. intermedia “Hayne. ee on a pate = of Slieve
Snacht, and with the following; Culm
- anglica Huds.—In a bog bid weet Silage sl Lough Inn
in East Innishowen ; Culmore, Dr. Moore.
Parnassia palustris L.—Glengivney, W. E. H. Plentiful there,
the only place I met the epee in 5 tt district
Polygala vulgaris L. and var. depressa Wend.—Common. The
latter form is commonest about Innishowen Head, &c.
t Silene anglica L.—Between Greencastle and Stroove, W. E. H.;
about Stroove. A weed in cultivated fields.
. inflata 8m.—Culmore, W.
3. ma ritima With. —Local, W. E. H. Dunaff Head; and many
other hereto round the coast.
acaulis L.—~Dunaff Head, , rare, and in one place only .

550 feet above sea level. I do not think it occurs elsewhere at s
low an ese south of the Shotland coast. Discovered here i
Mr 00

Lychnis Poseted Sibth.—Frequent.
L. divrna Sibth.—Rare. Coast at Ardmalin South, and near

Kstuary.
{L. Githago Lam.—Frequent, a colonist.
Sagina procumbens Li.——
S. apetala L1.—Malin Head.
“ strane With. Dostana. Innishtrahull, Dickie.
S. a J. Meyer.—Local, W. E.H. Near Malin R. C.
ie a eee) = Ardmalin South; on Doagh Island and Leenane.
8. subulata Wimm.—Dunaff H and on a headland about a
mile south of Ardmalin South, on the west ai of Malin dead, at
650 feet. I have not found it elsewhere in
Honkeneja peploides Ehrh.—Stroove ; Toei wore Head; Malin
Head; &c. Frequent. A rem rare large and fleshy form grows
on the shore below the oat tae station at Ardmalin, in company

152 SHORT NOTES.

with Mertensia maritima. It has numerous persicae large lower

leaves, an inch in width and from an inch to an inch and a
length. The usual tex) in Ireland is destitute ee these.
Arenaria serpyllifolia L.—Local, W. EK. H. Greencastle.

Stellaria media as Holostea t.

S. graminea Li, Abundant at Kilderry, W. E. H. A local plant
in Donegal.

S. uliginosa Murr.—Common. At 1850 feet on Slieve Snacht.

Catan pings) Thuil. C. triviale Link. C. semidecandrum L.

C. tetrandrum Curt.—Culdaff, Dickie. Sandy ground between
Buncrana and Fahan, and at Dunree; Malin Hea

onum rupicola Lebel. —Dunaff Head ; coast about Malin

Head and elsewhere.

. salinum Presl. and L. marinum Wahlb.—Both forms ey
frequent.» The latter especially so about Inch Road and Burnfoot ~
where it is frequently a submerged plant in the heavy dykes.

Spergula arvensis L.

inane 5 sylvestris L.—Rare, W. E. H.; and probably not native.
Only about cottages, but not unfrequent about Carndonagh.

Hypericum Androsemum L. H. quadrangulum L. H. pulehrum
Leers.

perforatum L.—I formerly ae sik on this pee in my N.W.

Donegal list, but I fear it was a mistake. I have not noticed it
recently, nor have I any eeoorest locality. It ieee perhaps, in
the southern parts of the coun ty, since te is recorded, without
locality, in the ‘ Cybele Siictoice from

H. humifusum L.—Frequent, W. E. i meee Culdaff, &c.

H, Elodes L.—Frequent, especially so about Malin Head.

(To be continued.)

SHORT NOTES.

SAXIFRAGA PEDATIFIDA Sm. as A Britisn Puant.—This species is
one that has long been on the border- dana of doubtful natives.
Babington admits it in his earlier editions on the authority of Don
from Clova and Wynne from Achill Island; but subsequently

excludes it as atbbelty of garden origi Hoo er relegates it to
the ‘‘ excluded species.” Looking recently over a long-neglected
parcel of duplicates in my herbariu a doze

specimens with this name, labelled as having been gathered in
Achill Island in 1853 by the late Mr. W. Andrews. They were

gentleman, who used frequently to bring him Irish rarities. On
comparing the plant with the type specimens, with the eT
of Mr. J. G. Baker, there was no doubt about referring it to thi
species ; it appears to belong to the form S. ceratophylla of Aiton,
istinguished by its rosette of somewhat rigid leaves. I hav
placed specimens in the National Herbaria at South Kensington
and Kew. The distribution of the plant on the continent is very

SHORT NOTES. 158

rapa Nyman gives it vat i a mer. (Lozére, Aesacis Gard,
ault). *_Aurrep W. Ben

On tHe Erymonocy or Vinceroxicum.—In the admirably clear
and coiitios ‘North American Flora,’ of which it is to be hoped a
further portion may shortly be issued, I notice that Dr. Gray gives
the derivation of Vincetoxiewn as ‘from vinceus, that which i hes
for binding, and toxicum, a poison, i. e., poisonous bindweed.”
But this is surely a quite untenable etymology, as a reference Z
the few works of the Fathers which I am able to consult in my far-
off home supeare. ered to show. Leonhart Fuchs, writing

of the plant, a s these words: ‘‘ Acxanmas Graecis,
Petre Tatinia’ herbie ennduars officinis Mattie tei
Germanis Schvvalbenvv sTissceve autem Domte venin appellatnr.
heli a Vi naaiOeaeay one ctuis vunrolixey, haud dubie dicta
est quod illi insignis adversus venena vis sit.” + In 1554, Matthiolus
says of we “Vis eis magna ex toluis similitudine substantie
adversus o venena, unde illi nomen.’} Dodoneus also, in
15838, Sie ‘“‘ Facultate autem Vincetoxici radices calide sunt
et sicce : venenis adversari creduntur”’;§ whilst, at the same date,
esalpinus says: “Quidam hodie Vineetoxicum vocant, quia
venena depellit. "|| As to vinceus, the fact appears ete be that an
eaptamtinsid copyist, transcribing Plautus, misread
‘Nam mihi jam intus potione juncea onerabo tie qT
and thus unwittingly endowed the Latin tongue with a word of his
own creation. It occurs nowhere else in classical literature, and
the Mai correct reading, given in the celebrated codex discovered
inal in th i

ed by all
recent editors. The above considerations will, I believe, sporti
beyond contest that the true etymology is from vincere and to
—H. F. Hance.

Lycopopium aupinum 1n Co. Wicxtow.—On the 31st of March
last I gathered this iiieoiel on the cliffs above Lough Ouler, near
the summit of Tonelagee. There was but one small patch of it,
at an altitude of 2840 feet above sea-level. The locality is close
to that of Alchemiila alpina, which I discovered here and recorded in
this Journal for 1878, p. 174. Neither of these species has been
discovered elsewhere in the Wicklow mountains or in District IV.
of the ‘ Cybele Hibernica.’—H. C. Harr.

Bracuytaecium aupicans Neck. iv cigar: —This handsome moss,
which is not often found in fruit, has, at Mr. H. Boswell’s desire,
been made an object of special pre in South Bedfordshire

* Synopt. Fl. N. America, ii. 102
t De hist. stirpium comment. cap. 45. It is noteworthy that, after the pte
of three centuries and a half, Dompte-venin—a literal translation o
252; Germain, Dict. de bot. sub voce ; eg aaa Man. d’hist. nat. méd 1090)
{ Comment in libros Dioseotidis, ad libr. iii, ec. 90. In the highly-valued
edition of Dioscorides by Saracenus, this is given as c. 106 of the third book.
ist. Pempt. iii. ib, j iii, c. 19.

2
Stichus, act. iv. 2, 56.

154 : NOTICES OF BOOKS.

during the past winter. Many fruitless journeys were made, and
scores of old thatched buildings were examined without success.
Eventually on March 26th an old thatched shed in Harlington
Beeston: was observed on which this moss was fruiting Sopleuals.

. SAUNDERS. _

WorcestersuirE Prantrs.—I am desirous of forming a Her
orks exclusively of Worcestershire plants, specimens of oth

mon and rare species, with their v a being wanted from
the four botanical districts (see ‘ The ee y of Worcestershire,’ by

Mr. Edwin Lees). At present I do rai opose : collect any
eryptogamous orders, emepting those enuaraiod’ the London
Catalogue, 7th ed.; viz., Filices, Lycopodiacea, : Maraitoasiags
Equisetaces, ecimens chiefly represent
the Malvern ae and to those botanists who collect in other
parts of the c yl should feel much obliged for ——. in
forming the sollte, which, I need hardly say, while in my pos-

session, would be at the service of any who might wish to coneudle it.
I should of course be erat to supply, as far as I could, the wants
of others from the plants of this ree od. I should add
that there are many Malvern and Teme Valley plants I also should
be very glad of. My address is 2, Commercial Buildings, Malvern
Link.—R. F. Townprow.

NOTICES OF BOOKS.

Fragmente einer nm enstaed der Characeen. By A. Braun, edited
by Dr. Orro Norpstepr. Berlin, 1882. 4to, pp. 211.
Die bisher bekannten Mar Chaise: By P. Sypow. Berlin,
1882. 8vo, 104 pp.
For many years the late Prof. A. Braun was collecting
ong a for a Monograph of the Characee, but unfortunately did
ot live to complete it. His notes, however, have fallen into most

the order. It is especially useful as clearing up Braun’s work, and
describing, or settling down, the very large number of plants to
which he has given manuscript names in public herbaria.

The classification is mainly the same as that adopted in the
Author’s previous works; the number of genera has inane been
increased to five. Wader Nitella 70 species are included, of which
17 are here described for the first time, viz _:— monodactyla, poly-
gyra, glomerulifera, prelonga, remota, Robertsoni, dispersa, pseudo-
flabellata, capitellata, aa, Asagrayana (Nordst.), microglochin,
conglobata, diffusa, polycephala, trichotoma and Lechleri. Under Toly-
pella there are 8 species, of which longicoma, apiculata and californica

NOTICES OF BOOKS. 155

tim — Wallichii, succineta, Leptopitys, ri eng psilopitys,
Thonitesi “nudifolia, Schaffn te altaica, infirm tosperma,
swears in all 142 species. Some of these are wire as subspecies,
but as they are not included a otha species, and are numbered
separately, and in all other ete treated as species, we think
must be intended to rank a

he new genus Lampr phasinisi is based on the relative position
of the globule and nucule, the former being above the latter,
whereas in Lychnothamnus they are side by side. The removal
of Chara svg (C. stelligera Bauer) to the genus Lychnothamnus is
an important step, based upon = sega 8 investigation of the
avelceinatt of the globule and n

ere are seven plates ae 273 figures, principally
anges the new species. Dr. Nordstedt has added a key, which
will no doubt prove very useful. A chapter is devoted to problems

to the Brow tDhice distribution is a great advance on that previously
published. There can be no doubt that this work is the result of
an immense anniit of investigation and very careful editing.

ante s work co ntains descriptions of the Eur kone

most remarkable undertakings of modern times. It would be un-
hecessary, if not impertinent, to draw attention to the immense
value of the work; but we may be permitted to offer to the illus

trious authors our hearty congratulations on the SaGafachory

156 NOTICES OF BOOKS.

termination of a task which lays all aystematio botanists under
great obligations to them. The following summary by Mr. Bentham
of the number of phanerogamic plants known to science may be of
interest :——

Orders. Genera. Species (estimated).
Polypetalx 82 2610 81,874
Gamopetale 45 2619 84,556
Monochlamydex 36 801 11,784
nosperm 3 44 415
Monocotyledons 34 1495 18,576

Totals 200 7569 97,205

We have received the ‘ Report of an exploration of parts ot
foi cosines Idaho, and Montana’ ist of by Lieut.-Gen. P. H. Sheridan

THE ri Annual Report of the Erith and Belvedere Nat. Hist.
Soc. contains a list of the Mosses of the neighbourhood, by Dr.
A. S. Greenway.

Dr. J. Croumbie Brown has compiled a readable little volume
entitled ‘ The Forests of England and the management of them in
bye-gone times’ eatatiiiet Oliver & Boyd).

We have received me peng ee gs be 1880-1882, Sete

by the Sociedade Brot a (Coimbra, 1883). It contains a
cone a of the plants distributed by ‘a Society, to which’ are
adde tical notes on some of the more interesting, with des-

captions ‘of Pulicaria mioroophaa Lange, and Andryala Ficalheana
Daveau, species new to science

Unver the title ‘ Timehri,’ the Royal Agricultural and Commer-
cial Society of New Guinea is issuing a half-yearly journal, Mr.
E. F. im Thurn being editor. In the second number, Mr. G. 8.

Kaieteur Savannah’ ; and there is also a letter from Dr. Schom-
burghk of Adelaide, giving some interesting autobiographical details.

Mr. William Trelease sends us a reprint from the ce gp
of the Boston Bociety of Nat. History of his paper “ On the struc-
tures which favour cross-fertilization in several plants.” large
number of observations upon numerous pacapeg are quell those
upon Lemna minor being especially interestin

Unvzr the title ‘ hag a wi eae randy Messrs. Samp-
son Low and Co. have issued a handsome large quarto volume
containing sixteen colour “al groups = ere ions, Although
not — pogo es book will be useful to the many who wish
to asc the of the more striking plants met with in

eir coor oh aang’ ‘ts Alps. The flowers have been painted

natural size, from living plants; each species stands out clearly,
and the colouring is very careful. Each group is accompanied by
an outline sketch, from which the names may be readily seas

NOTICES OF BOOKS. 157

The letterpress, as far as it goes, is accurate ; and the book is above
the average of such works. The authoress, Mrs. Ward, modestly
conceals her name under the ed B. 0: We

Messrs. Cassell have re-issued, very low price considering
the goodness of the book, the pe Rete of Figuier’s Vegetable
World’ for which Mr. Dyer i is understood to be responsible, and
which, as might be expected from this fact, is an exceedingly useful
little volume. W d it at some length in this Journal for 1872
(pp. 347-349), and need not do more now than endorse the favourable
opinion there expressed. We note that certain small errors have
been corrected. For the general reader it is a very useful pat

and the numerous and beautiful Halbetcns make it a ve
attractive one.

Bo v. ScororperR & C. Reuss, ‘ Die Beschadigung
der Weceiation rel Rauch und die Oberharzer Hiittenranchscha-
den’ (Berlin, Parey). — Tu. pr Hewpreicn, ‘Flore de I’Ile de

aloni

L. de
Générale des Champignons’ (Paris, Doin; 8 fr.).—G. Sicarp,
‘ Histoire Naturelle des Champignons’ (Paris, Delagrave).

ARTICLES IN JOURNALS.
merican Journal of Science. — A. Gray & J. H. Trumbull,
' pave of De Candolle’s * Origin of Cultivated "Plants, .

American Puli — W. J. Beal, ‘ Movements of roots of
Indian oe in germination.’ — J. G. Lemimon, ‘ Wild Potatoes
of Arizon

Botanische Centralblatt (no. 13). — a, Sanio, ‘ Additamentum
secundum in Harpidiorum cognition — Nos. 14415. M.
Kienitz, ‘Die Entstehung der ‘ Ma rkflecke (2 plates). —No. 16.
W. Hillhouse, ‘Ueber den intercellularen Zusammenhang von
Protoplasten

Botanische Zeitung (Mar. 28). —E. Warming, ‘ Botanische
Notizen.’ — (Mar. 30). E. Zacharias, ‘ Ueber Eiweiss, Nuclein
und Plastin —(Ap. 6, 18, 20).—A. Fischer, ‘ Ueber die Zelltheilung
der Coste (i plate).

Botaniska Notiser 1888, 1.——E. Adlerz, ‘ a ofver
Saaabierns i jemtlandska fjalltrakterna 1882.’ — L. M. Neuman,

‘Studier dfver Skanes och Hallands flora.’ — No. 2. iar) Kaurin,
: hwo 0 ad manao ~H. W. Arnell, ‘ Sorbus Aucuparia L.,
—
seat Bot. France (xxix.; Session & Dijon).— oger,
‘Sur : tubereule de Colchicum autumnale.’ — T. dict Gomi : ‘Sur
rig Primula officinalis, P. grandiflora, et leurs hybrides.’ — Lucand
& X. Gillot, ‘Supplément au Catalogue des Cleaiidignbunn: des

environs d’Autun.’ — X. Gillot, ‘Sur quelques variations du
Pteris aquilina.’ — oe : heen des Ampélidées;
vrilles et inflorescences.’ — A. C ‘ Observations sur la Flore

montagneuse du Cap Corse.’ — E. sae t & J. A. Richter, ‘ Sur

quelques plants de la Cote-d’or et les Basses-Pyrénées.’

158 ARTICLES IN JOURNALS.

Bulletin of Torrey Botanical Club (March). — G. hears Aes tie
hybrid Oaks ’ (8 plates). — Id., Sears edractus Torr
agen ‘New or little-know Hs 8 S. Ferns’ (.Votholena orsen

. sp.). — F. L. Seribner, ‘ Grasses oped y Pringle in Ari
sad ‘Oalifornia® (Diplachne viscida, Poa Pringlei, spp. nn. ). — KE.

ight, ‘ eg leaves in Limnanthemum lacunosum.’

p- —L. Celakovsky, : vhs einige Arte

Rassen der fata Thymus.’ — (Ap. 11). J. Velenovsky, ‘ “Ueber
die Traubenwickel von Drosera ia veh ana (1 plate). — P. G.
Strobl, ‘ Flora der Nebroden’ (cont.

Garden (March 31). — ‘ Bundbobsuats bigibbum’ (ic. pict.).

(rardeners’ Chronicle (Mar. 31). —— Eria Elwesii Rehb. f., Ro-
driguezia Lehmanni Rehb. f., spp. nn. — (Ap. 7). W. B. Hemsley,
‘The Bermudas’ (coneluded). — Holeeeeg Cecilia Rehb. f.,
Epidendrum Endersit Rehb. f., spp. — (Ap. 14). J. Attfield,
‘Note on Sap.’ — T. Moore Sneonitnd Japonion; var. corymbifera, —
Aerides mgasio Rehb. f. Calo, gyne chloroptera Rehb. f., spp. nn. —
J. G. Baker, ‘Supplementary notes on Cyclamen.’ — Juni;
recurva (fig. ‘6 9).— (Ap. 21). W. G. Smith, Puccinia Buai
ae bie ™)

al of Linnean Society, xx. no. 127 (Ap. 16). — J. G. Baker,
; Contributions to the Flora of Madagascar ; part ii., Monopetale ’
(many new species; four new gen era—Schismatoclada (Rubiacee),
Tetraspidium (Scrophulariacese), Monochochlamys and Forsythiopsis
page eam with a plate. A short summary will be found
.9

NP cbieige (Ap. 20). — iy Allen, ‘ The Marsh Marigold.’

Magyar Névénytani Lap (March). — T. eo vig ae
‘ Fragmenta a omtase Serbice I.’ — V. Borbas, ‘ Inula
Csatoi and I. h — L. Simkovies, ‘ Inula hybrida.’

mt Naval, —J.G. Ogle, ‘Fertilization of Saxifraga
(1 plate). — W. Grove, ‘Nomad Fungi: Reclassification of
Crain (concluded) — J. EH. Bagnall, ‘ Flora of Warwickshire ’

(con

ne . (March 29). — ag Allen, ‘ The Shapes of Leaves’
(concluded). — (Ap. 5). F. M. Burton, ‘ Sap-flow.’ — (Ap. 12).
W. . Dyer, ‘ Deceaive Pint —— (Ap. 19). W. B. Hemsley,
‘On the a of the oe and the Caprifig.

,

Naturalist. — J. G. Baker, ‘On wie _ state of our know-
ledge of tne Geography of British Pla

(Esterr. Bot. Zeitschrift. — seg meeimo ty ‘ Rosa reversa W.&K.’

—§. S. v. ben cca ‘ Mykologisches.’ — B. Blocki, ‘Zur
Flora yon Galiz — V. v. Borbas, ‘Synonymia Mentharum.’

— J. “Ins claude Lechthal ’ (concluded). — P. G, Strobl,

‘Flora des Etna’ (contd.

ee Journal (Mar. 81).— D. Morris, ‘ Cinchona
Cultivation in Jamaica.’ (Ap. 7). W. A. H. Naylor ‘ Bitter
snrsieols ‘of Hymen sacle eacelsum.’ — W.C.On deakies - Moanin
Plants of Ceylon.’ — J. Attfield, ‘ Note on Sap.’

LINNEAN SOCIETY OF LONDON, 159
Science Gossip. — EK. Malan, ‘ Orchis mascula’ (concluded). —
W.

C. F. W. T. Williams, ‘ Micro-Fungi Bathonienses.’ — W. B. Grove,
‘ Notes on Schizomycetes’ (contd.).

LINNEAN SOCIETY OF LONDON.

inna 1, 1883. —Sir John Lubbock, Bart., F.R.S., President,
in the chair. — Mess s. F. W. Bu ba el Joseph J ohnson were
ad :—

.M :
tions lead him to aes that the epiphyllous cryptogam in question
supports the view that a en is a compound organism composed

stellate patches, greyish green blotches, clear grey spots, and white
shining circles,—but these pass imperceptibly into one another, and
vary in size from a speck to a quarter eg an inch in diameter.
The reddish sept of the earlier Seon an Alga, # which ane

t by de

hyphe, which produce black dots, viz., the fruit-bodies. The author
describes in detail the peculiarities of growth and reproduction of
the Alga and fungus, and formation of the Lichen. He alludes to
and criticises Dr. Cunningham’s account of Mycoidea parasitica,
which latter is evidently closely related to that described by himself.
Assuming that Mycoidea and Ward’s Alga are se Re,
same, either Cunningham discovered a female organ of jay nie star te
which becomes fertilized and produces zoospores, or he confounded
this with fertile hair-organs. As regards the systematic fact of
the Alge, a eg aR with Colecheta suggests that there is very
little in common, be mode growth, of the disk-like thallus
and the produstion of eens s from certain cells. The genus

h agree in several
important oints, viz., orange-r red oily cell-contents, habitat,
ar of zoospores in ovoid cells developed terminally and
latera The structure of the thallus and relative positions of the
ei oe of fungal and algal portions agree with what occurs in
heteromerous crustaceous Lichens, as Graphidea; but the peri-
thecia indicate an angiocarpous alliance, bringing this form nearer
such families as Pertusaria and Verrucaria, to the latter of which
it may ultimately be referred. i :

February 15.—Sir John Lubbock, Bart., F.R.8., President, in
the chair. — Mr. J. G. Baker read the third part of his “ Contri-

160 LINNEAN SOCIETY OF LONDON.

butions to the Flora of Madagascar.” This includes descriptions of
the new Incomplete and Monocotyledons rome in the col-
lections lately Pedaived fro n and Dr. G. W.
Park e only new genus is a Balnnophord pra resembling
in habit a com Fo Spheria, which Sir J. D. Hooker paar to
cell Phiten: but of which the material is still incomplete.
A large number of the new species belong to widely rol pear
genera, such as [icus, Loranthus, Croton, Acalypha, and Peperomia.
In Lauracea, an order hitherto feebly. repr amaitadt: in the island,
there are several novelties. Types characteristic of the Cape and
mountain regions of Central Africa are represented by Fawrea,
Peddiea, Dais, Kniphofia, and Dipe ig one species each, and by
three Aristeas and four Aloes. The Dipcadi is curious because, as
in an Angolan species gathered by Welwitsch, the tails of the three
upper segments grow longer and longer in the upper flowers of the
raceme, till at the top oe lamina is entirely absorbed. Of endemic
types there are three new Obetias and two Tambourissas. The
Bamboo of the forests of 1 Imerina, pie received from Dr. Parker
for the first time in flower, proves to be the same species that is
common in the interior of Bourbon. “Ot novelties nearly allied to
north temperate us there are three species of Bromus, one of
Stipa, and two Carices from the Ankaratra mountains, one near to
wisa and the har fo ampullacea.* A plant not in flower, with
ous compound phyllocladia, is probably an Hxocarpus allied
the Norfolk Island /. phyllanthoides. There is a third species of
e new Alismaceous genus Weisneria, hitherto known in India an

has contributed a complete a Set with synonyms, of the species
ve Cyperus known in Madagascar and the neighbouring islands.—

congregata.”” This gasteromycetous fungus, which is nearly related
to Geaster, consists of a mass of individuals closely seated ae
on a corky stroma. These individuals have been found up till now
with only one peridium, and the Rev. M. J. Berkeley, who first
described the plant in 1844, treated the stroma as the hom ologue
of an outer peridium. Mr. eer 9 ound on some specimens
brought from Dammara-land b T. C. Een a true outer

eridium common to all the individuals. From an examination of
it he is able to throw light on the prion! sf Naeem of this
fungus. — Mr. W. B. Hemsley read a , * On the
synonymy of Didi Atti and on the alonipation oe the pedicel in
D. pallens.” The latter saprophytic ama is set scattered in
Tropical Asia, though apibaiet ntly nowhere very ¢ on. At the
time of flowering the pedicels are reir than the £ Rowse, which
are ies than half an om long; but afterwards they been
sometimes as much as a foot. The object seems to be to carry the
ripening fruit clear of ie wet decaying vegetable seiahais in which

e plant grows.

* Figures and descriptions of these Carices appear in the present number of

this Journal.

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161

IN MEMORY OF GEORGE STACEY GIBSON, F.L.S.
By G. 8. Bouter, F.L.S.
(Wire Portrait.)

i Ae aphocics knowledge of. local floras, which seems to become
rarer as a general knowledge of Botany becomes more common, has
sustained a serious loss in ‘the: death of GuorGE STACEY Gipson,
which oceurred on April 5th...

Mr. Gibson was born on July: 20th, 1818, Pe Safiron Walden,
the small town in the north-western corner of the county of Essex,
in which he.spent most, of his life, and which he enriched by his
numerous and munificent. benefactions. . He was the only child of
Wyatt George Gibson and his wife Deborah, daughter of George
Stacey, of Alton, Hampshire, his father’s family being mainly from
the North of England and: connected Soars those of Middlebrooke,
Johnson, and Atkinson, from the ghbourhood of Doncaster,
Wilson of Kendal, and Wyatt, Mx. Gibson pas lineally descended
from Sir Henry Wyatt, the father of the poet... His branch of the
Gibson family migrated into Essex, from Norfolk, about 125 years
back; and, though another branch was previously settled at Great
Chesterford, the great grandfather of the late author of ie ‘ Flora
of Essex,’ Georg e Gibson, for fifty-two Ppa a minister of the
Society of Friends, was the axe sot the family to live in Saffron

observation not o oe added many species to the list of Essex plants,
but also detected several forms previously ead in Bri
The following is a chronological list of the latter
1. Cuscuta Trifolii . 1842. 4. Arenaria aig . 1844.
2. Crepis setosa . . . 1848. 5. Galium Vaillantii. . 1844.
3. Filago spathulata. 18438. 6. Potentilla norvegica . 1868.

Of these most were recorded in the pages of the first series of the
‘ Phytologist,’ his contributions to which were as follows:—To vol. i
(1841-44), p. 408, ‘A Flora of the N eighbourhood of Saffron Walden,’
1842, containing Cuscuta Epithymum? which afterwards ae to be
C. Trifolii; p. 466, ‘Additional Observations to a ‘‘ Not a sup-
posed New British Cuscuta,” by C. C. Babington’ (C. “Drifolit),
January, 1843; p. 785, ‘ Rarer Plants observed near Weymouth,’

t, p.
August, 1843; p. 770, ‘Note.on the New Cuscuta,’ August, 1848 ;
p. 817, ‘ Notice of a Visit to ‘Black Notley,’ ty Joshua Clarke and
JourNaL or Borany.—Vou. 21. [Junz, 1883.]

162 GEORGE STACEY GIBSON.

G. §. Gibson, October, 1848; p. 838, ‘Supplement to the List of
Saffron Walden Plants,’ November, 1843, Sao Crepis setosa ;

. 902, ‘Notice on a Carduus found near $ n Walden,’ January,
18438 (C. dubius Willd.); p. 996, ‘Note ais Primula elatior,’
May, 1844, asserting its specific tstinccion: = 1123, ‘ Additional
Plants found about Saffron Walden during the Summer of 1844,
with Remarks on some of the Species,’ October, 1844, recording
Galium Vaillantii. To vol. ii. (1845-47), p. 478, ‘ Botanical Notes
for aoe: containing records from Yorkshire and the Lake District ;

. 676, otice of some Localities of Plants in pono 1, &c., in
the 8th Month, 1846’; p. 269, ‘ Cr - setosa and . a hortensis
near Saffron Walden,’ ciel aah 847. To vol. i ili. Pes. 50),

p- 216, ‘Notice of the Discovery of Filago Jussiai near Saffron
Walden,’ July, 1848, now known as F’. spathulata; p. 308,
‘ Botanical Notes for 1848,’ ee visits to Box Hill, Bot-
tisham and Burwell Fens, and Newmarket, August, 1848; p. 540,
: ot Newbould the discoverer of Melilotus arvensis,’ A ril, 1849 ;
707, ‘ Botanical Notes for 1849,’ October, 1849. And to vol. iv.
(i851_5 3), p. 64, ‘ Botanical Notes for 1851,’ February, 1851,
sauna plants from Dunoon (printed Durroun), Argyleshire.
e ‘ Botanical Gazette,’ vol. ii. (1850), is a letter from Mr.
Gibson to Henfrey on Fumaria Vaillantii. In ‘English Botany
Supplement,’ 2890, Arenaria uliginosa is stated to have been found
in 1848 by a party of four, so the actual discoverer is believed to
have been Mr. Gibson. Lastly, the finding of Potentilla norvegica,
in Burwell Fen, Cambridgeshire, in 1868, was recorded in our own
pages (Journ. Bot. vi. (1868) p. 802).

1846 he communicated to Mr. Watson a list of West Cornish
plants, which is incorporated into ‘Topographical Botany,’ where
also records are acknowledged from Mr. Gibson for North Essex,
Cambridge, East and West noes Surrey, West Sussex, North
and South Devon, Monmouth, Ra dnor, C a Merioneth,
Denbigh, North and West 3 Yorkshire, Durham, and Per

As early as 1843, as we are told in the Preface, on « entertained
the thought of compiling a Flora of a and wrote to several

botanists on the subject, among ie o Edward Forster, from
hints he “learnt that he had already collected considerable
terials for such a work, and egun to arrange them.

Finding the task in such goo od ha sid? says Mr. Gibson, ‘“‘I gladly
made over to him all the information which had come within my
reach, and during the few — years of his (Forster's) life we had
frequent conversation and correspondence on the subject of his
intended Flora. After his death, in 1849, no manuscript of this

aking, m
various sources were gradually accumulated, till the appearance of
the Floras of Suffolk and Cambrid eshire gage me to put
them eto: shape for publication.” Accordingly, in 1862, ‘ The
Flora of Essex; or a List of the Flowering Plants ae oe found
in the County of Essex ; with the Localities of the less common
Species palsaresiziod by recent observation and reference to former

GEORGE STACEY GIBSON. 168

siieaen and Illustrated with four coloured Plates of the Plants
peculiar to the County, and a Map, small 8vo; pp. 1. and 470
lished i i

a

shillings, which can hardly have Eatcine Song bare cost of pro-

duction, this work was a considerable e to its author; but
yielded him in return a well-merited scientific ploar a as a local
botanist. It was in several respects a distinct advance on pre

county floras. As had been done in the ‘Flora Hlertfordionsis’ and
‘Flora of Cambridgeshire,’ he carefully traced the distribution in the
county of common as well as of rarer plants; but he also searched

e
curate and concise. The on y great improvement in county floras
established since the publication of this work has been the substitu-

ion of the division into river-basins for that into artificial districts.
Everyone who has followed in his steps in the study of our older

i tes writers will fully endorse his remark that ‘‘ the examination
of these old ae has produced a decided conviction that much
—y te exercised by” ‘their authors, ‘‘ both as rope sein

observations credited to Ray. It is but fair to mention here, as is
done by the author in his preface, the great assistance rendered to
him, as to thn seg ters of several other local Floras, by his friend,
Rev. W. W. ould, who undertook excursions in several out-
lying districts to ne localities, who searched the herbaria of Dale,
Buddle, and others, corrected the proofs, ‘‘and added ie 7 critical

cian. In
the Linnean Society ; but, after the

7 oe
3 <. on
~~
&
°

services to his native town was the 2 promation of the branch ae
from Audley End. His father having, in 1830, discovered a number

of human skeletons in his garden, Mr. Gibson in 1876 commenced
a series of excavations which have resulted in the discovery of a
most important series of remains belonging to the 9th or 10th

century, underlaid by a prehistoric village of pit- ag gm which
_ will be described in a most interesting ‘Paper by Mr. H. Ecroyd

164 GEORGE STACEY GIBSON.

Smith, illustrated, at Mr. Gibson’s expense, by twelve ne
plates, in the forthcoming part of the ‘ Transactions of the Essex

from the Crag; and one of the chief occupations of the last three
years of his life has been the re-arrangement of the very excellent
local Museum of Natural History originally founded by him in con-
junction with his uncle, Jabez Gibso

In 1877 and 1878 he held the ofits of Mayor of Walden, and at
the time of his death he was an alderman and J.P. for the borough,
and senior partner of the firm of Gibson, Tuke, and Gibson,*

Gibson in commemoration of the Prince of es’s marriage. He
built a new Town Hall and several alms ‘gamer i town ;
further endowed the Hospital founded Pe his father; gave thirty
acres as a site for the Friends’ Se hoo ich he was Treasurer ;

Foreign School Society’s Training College. "He was also a liberal
mployed. Fo
as ‘Clerk of the Yearly Meeting,” over the conferences of the

Temperance Hotel, ig Street, K.C., on April 5th, of
inflammation of the kidn
He was buried on the ‘ith in So pretty little ee -ground

behind the Friends’ Meeting House, in his native town, being
followed to the grave by about aie titiiend people, testifying to
the generat respect for one of whom it has been said that ‘‘he does
not seem to have left a single enemy.”

Smnall of stature and with a face in which several persons have
been struck by a tires to Mr. Herbert Spencer, he was quiet
and unobtrusive in man Seldom speaking until he had formed
a matured opinion, he We: an unusually ‘ well-read’? man, of wide
culture and of sound judgment. Exact, punctual, cautious, and
conscientious in an unusual degree, he was alike fitted to succeed
in business or in os investigation. It has been written of
him by those who knew him personally that ‘the eiccaragas of
intellectual and moral qualities made him what he was.

to a deal. His unbounded liberality was never indiscriminate :
sia Chas one of the “heron er number of botanists for whiins We are
indebted ‘ ttle banking profession, among whom have been Dawson acieae
Willi Borrer, Edward Pontak “and the present President of the Linne
Séeiety, the two last members of one firm.

NEW CHINESE CYRTANDRE®. 165

would never pay more for anything than what he considered its
true value, and he never gave to any object as to which he was not
perfectly satisfied. Few men of equal wealth can ever have taken
as much pains to dispose of it rightfully, and the extent of his
private charities will never be known. Plain-spoken, he was yet
considerate for the feelings of others, and would interest himself in
their behalf as completely as in his own affairs. So punctual was

et in keeping engagements that at a meeting at which he chanced

o be two minutes late it was concluded that he had been altogether
proventa from attending.”’

A —— he may not have had any wide knowledge of
scnstiniorlit forms; but with cirri modesty he submitted
all the heuvtades to which his acute powers of observation led him
to the judgment of his friends, Mr. Sica Mr. Forster, and
Professor hee a

For much that i am here able to say of him I am indebted to
ae Riendo, Joshua Clarke, Esq., J.P., F.L.8., R. M. Christy, Ksq.,

R : ewbould ; but interested as I am in the
isso flora, it gives me ie ch pleasure in being able to add my
mite of admiration for one who must undoubtedly take high rank ~
among the pioneers of the eh Br critical study of British plants.

NEW CHINESE CYRTANDREZ..
By H. F. Hance, Ph.D., F.L.8. Memb. R. Soc. Ratisbon, &e.
Wuen, in 1861, Mr. Bentham published the ‘Flora Hong-
kongensis,’ the Gesneracea,—all belonging to the tribe Cyrtandrea,—

known from the vast empire of China, were but three in number ;
Midgets acuminata Wall., Chir ita sinensis Lindl., both from

tragiin and Bea Swinhoti, a Formosan “ners and

orth Chinese plant with the Rahn species wat indeed, they
are outwardly indistinguishable) ; but he only added one to t
Chinese list, Isanthera discolor, gathered by Oldham in Formosa.

ww ese Se. ome me vy. 230.
Journ. iii, 85.
1 ee Diag: non St. Pétersb, ix. 368.

166 NEW CHINESE CYRTANDRES.

Finally, in 1875, Mr. 8. Le eee mors recorded the Japanese
Lysionotus pauciflorus Maxim. from Kiu-kiang, and described a new

referable to Oreocharis, or perhaps swt « nil cago bringing up .
the Chinese numbers of the order to ele

The exploration by the Rey. B. C. pes one of the most
assiduous and successful investigators of the Kwang-tung flora, of
the lovely and romantic regions of the Lien- chau River, has now
brought to light eight other species, of which diagnoses are subjoined,
a few of them unfortunately dra » from incomplete specimens.
Mr. Clarke also reports an undescribed Chirita, collected by the
late Mr. Swinhoe at Amoy, so that, within a period o of twenty years,

than six-fold. The occurrence of eight new species of one group,
all collected by a single person, within a limited region, shows the
extraordinary richness of the flora, and the great amount of
interesting oe en still awaiting discovery, as the area of ex-
ploration is en

In con waving foe brief remarks, the ae desires to record
his opinion — that eg Sensi a have at least as good (or as little) a

claim to se m Gesnereeé as ’ acciniacee have from Hricacee ;
and that Es creer the Cyrtandreous genera require subdivision, if
gage cop - be—as they should —considered equivalent to those of
the an sub-order. They do oi seem to have been quite
ie dealt with in the ‘ Gene

\w¥? 1. Oreocharis ? filipes, sp. sii — Radice tenui lignosa de-

scendente, foliis radicalibus oblongo- obovatis integerrimis utrinque

obtusis supra vivide viridibus tomento derasili floccoso primum
tectis demum glabratis ut tag densissime fulventi-pannosis venis

utrinque omnino inc onspicuis Ssubpollicaribus a lin. latis petiolo
pannoso 3-lineali laberrimis arcuato-
recurvis circ. 2 poll. longis apice sihballakin” trifloris, calycis 5-
partiti laciniis angustis acutis, corolla ?, capsula lanceolata acumi-
nata glaberrima 3 lin. tantum longa.

Sub rupibus impendentibus, “ad angustias Yeung-tin, fluvii
Lien-chau, 290 m. p. a Cantone, d. 12 Oct. 1881, coll. rev. B. C.
Henry. (Herb. propr. n. gee

Although there is but a single calyx without corolla, and a
capsule on all the specimens g cathe ed, so that I have been unable
to examine the floral structure, yet the “habit of this pretty little
plant makes me feel almost sure that it is fgg to Oreocharis,

2% 2. Didymocarpus (OrtHosaa ?) demissa, sp. nov.—Caudice
brevi crassiusculo, foliis fet bos aliigeise: oblongis pgs bere
acutis utrinque dense hirsutis 2- pollicaribus in petiolum pollic
sensim angustatis, seapis foliis super atis pilis septatis villosis aie
8-5-floris, pedicellis 2 lin. longis, calycis 24 linealis 6-partiti
cohen sabe aubelath villosis, corolle albide e tubo gracilescenti

superne modice ampliate extus tomentose pollicaris lobis oblongis

* Journ. Bot. 1875, 1) pp. .. 229, a1,

NEW CHINESE CYRTANDREX. oo.

obtusis ciliatis, genitalibus faucem attingentibus, staminibus 2,
ovario lineari tomentoso stylo tomentello eo duplo longiore coronato,
stigmate cupulato

In rupibus eke Sai-ngau, ad fluvium Lien-chau, 210 m. p. a
metropoli — d. 5 Oct. 1881, detexit rev. B. C. Henry.
(Herb. propr. n. 22142.)

A pretty, delicate little plant, quite distinct from any known to
me, of which I must add that my diagnosis is drawn up from a
solitary specimen, with only two flowers, from one of which the
corolla has fallen

" Petrocodon, genus novum.

Calyx 5-partitus, segmentis lineari-subulatis. Corolle urceolato-
campanulate lobis 5, triangularibus, acutis, erectis. Stamina 2,

ree

minuta, fusiformia, subtiliter tuberculata, utrinque breviter appen-
diculata. Herba tes Folia radicalia, petiolata. Scapi laxe
eymiferi, multiflor

ymocarpo, cn videtur, proximus; ast, corolle forma, genericam
ae omni jure postulat.

220% 8. P. dealbatus.—Radice crassiuscule-fibrosa, foliis in sicco
coriaceis oblongis acutis basi _cuneatis margine eviter undulatis
penninerviis costa nervisqu Il. longis
1-2 poll. latis petiolo 1-2. pollicari supra ‘glabratis sabes preecipue
secus costam petioloque passim pilis quasi induratis concretisque

corolla 3 lin. longa, renee pollicari glaberrima stylo brevi coronata.

Juxta Tsing-lin, secus fl. Lien-chau, 230 m. p. a Cantone, d

. Bee 1881, e epi decerpsit rev. B. C. Henry. (Herb. propr.
23.

22
1208. ‘ 4&schynanthus / Hapiorricuium) apicidens, sp. nov.—
Caule crassiusculo angulato cortice cinereo suberoso g berrimo

tecto n angulatos glaberrimos eden gla-
siccitate rigidis oblongis utrinque obtusiusculis apice
versus utr 1-2-dentatis costa supra impressa subtus elevata

nninerviis nervis subtus tantum ibique obscure perspiciendis 14-2

Sr fore 5-7 lin. oper Paste 2-lineali supra hispido, floribus ad
es ramorum seepe sursum trichotomorum 2-3 fascicu apignome
cellis gracilibus 1— m8 gollicaribias fultis, corolla ... ?, eapsula
minute pustulata 24-84 poll. longa calyce 5-fida 1}- -lineali saeinitn
lairinobstes apice siding cnet, seminibus (inclusis pilis) circ. lineam
ongis pete rare levi
In monticulo iibeato’ juxta pagum Tai-ping, 309 m. p.

Cautene;t secus fl. Lien-chau, supra rupes strato humi iris ‘tetas
copiose scandentem, d. 19 Oct. 1881, detexit rev, B. C. Henry.
(Herb. propr. no, 22056,

168 NEW CHINESE CYRTANDREZ.

qo88 5. gual a eburnea, sp. nov.—Caudice abbreviato lignoso
1 poll. diametro rosulas foliorum ex < apice lateribusque emittente,
foliis sonfertia crasse carnosis a integerrimis acutis supra
lete viridibus pubentibus subtus dense appresse tomentosis pilis
— septatis nervis sini ae Be impressis subtus paulo
ulis ad 6 poll. longis 8 poll. latis petiolis brevibus supra

planis subtus convexiuseulis basi connatis 9 Jin. latis, pedunculis
aulo brevioribus

vel eo triplo longioribus, sera 10-25 floris basi bracteis 2 ovatis
cutis to tosis basi connatis fultis, floribus cernuis in exem-

subsessilibus singulo bracteola lanceolata tomentosa stipato, calycis
fissi cum pedicellis pilis septatis setaceo-acuminatis pur-
ari-lanceola i

_ herentibus, staminodiis filamentis duplo brevioribus paulo cea

glandulosis, disco cupuliformi, stylo exserto apice deflexo cum ova:
tomentoso et glanduloso, stigmate bilamellato, capsula cofnrenien
cari.

Juxta Sai- -ngau, secus fi. Lien-chau, provincia Cantonensis, ‘d.
5 Oct. 1881, invenit rev. B. C. Henry. (Herb. propr. no. ope

Of this beautiful species a plant dug up and potted by Mr. H
flowered with me at the end of August, 1882, and I have ‘unaladla
drawn up the above character from it, as ail as from the dried
wild aentiaehe, which have much longer many-flowered peduncles.

t is well distinguished by its stout caren: stem, only 24
inches high in the living specimen now before me, which sends out
leaf-shoots just in the manner of Cycas sain Thunb. Iti we; t
think, most nearly allied to C. sinensis Lindl.

qt 6. Chirita Juliz, sp. nov. —Acaulis, foliis crassiusculis molliter

i. 8 Pp

subtus convexo, floribus plerumque binis pedunculo communi semi-—
licari pedicellisque 3-linealibus hirsutis fultis, helenae betes

lineari-s sgiearees hirsutis, calycis ad basin usque fissi lacin

subulatis hirsutis 5-6 lin. longis, corollm extus soeataile tae
ae vectdlosa sensim ampliate tubo extus albido intus ceruleo-
venoso lobis obtusis violascenti-cwruleis macula citrina inter duos
uperior

medio tubo insertis filamentis parce glandulosis antheris albidi
breviter barbatis, ee Delete recurvis, ovario ‘ladies
tomentosis stigmate
Secus fl. Lien- Shige. are Cantonensis, m. Octobri 1881,
sterilem detexit rev. B. C. Henry. (Herb. propr. no. 22077.)
A remarkably pretty species, the flower a good deal like Barleria

NEW CHINESE CYRTANDREE. 169

seg in colour and marking. A transplanted specimen flowered

n June, 1882, and from this I have drawn up my character.

I have ciaiad it after Mr. Henry’s eldest daughter, a sweet little

girl, and the —- companion and assistant in his fruitful
botanical explorati

2201 7. Boea a te ra, sp. nov.— Caudice brevi merken ara

nervis venisque reticulatis conspicue elevatis 5-7 poll. longis ad
2 poll. latis, pedunculis ‘folio paulo brevioribus dense fulventi-

confluentibus, ovario oblongo glaberrimo, rite brevi, stigmate
punctiformi, te 8 lin. longa

Sec n-chau, prov. Cantonensis, m. Maio 1881, leg. rev.
B. C. Henry. ‘(Her wo gat no. 21741.

fine spec which my srg are not in fully
developed flower, sepeets closely — to B. flocculosa C. B Cla ke.*
It lived with me for many months, but died —— blossoming,
being attacked by a species of Coccus.
Primulina, genus novum.

Calyx lageniformis, ultra medium 5-fidus segmentis lanceolatis.
Corolle hypocraterimorphe tubus us ng lobis 5, oblongis,
paulo inequalibus, patentibus. Stamina 2, imo tubo inserta;
filamentis Pain. anther libere, loculis divaricatis. Staminodia
nulla. Discus niliec = m liberum, breve, oblongum, biloculare,
placentis bilobis; stylas vix ovario longior, stigmate bilamellato.
rage caulis. Folia css at petiolata. Scapi apice umbellatim

5 flor

ba habitu floribusque Primulam mire simulans, a Didymo-
carpo, Oreocharide et Chirita, corolle forma facile distinctum
WW? gp, Tabacum.—Radice fibrosa, foliis carnosulis orbieulari
oblongis obtusis margine lobulatis basi leviter cordatis pilosi
subtus glandulosis nervis supra impressis subtus fortiter iicatis
2-21 poll. longis petiolo crasso supra plano subtus convexo apice
v. per totam longitudinem marginato 2}-34 poll. longo fultis,
Scapis petiolo circ. equilongis Powe ac glandulosis 3-5 floris
post anthesin arcte recurvis, floribus breviter pedicellatis beanies

os
Ad angusti as Taicli, secus fl, Lien-chau, 270 m. p. a Cantone,
d. 10 Oct. 1881, leg. rev. B. CO. Henry. (Herb. propr. no. 22094.)

* Commelyn. et Cyrtandr. Bengal. t. 83.

170 ON THE FLORA OF INNISHOWEN, CO. DONEGAL.

This pretty little _ is very delicate, and exceedingly sear
some to rear in cultiv I have only had a single flower
examine. Itisso eohietal like a Primula, nba os gin in posaaat
that it was only dissection which showed me a Gesneracea.
Mr. Henry says that, when alive, the Patitles: teeth exhales
a powerful odour of tobacco, which it communicates to the hands

of anyone touching it, and that it is universally eae to the
natives by the name of Shek-in, that j is ‘ Rock Tobac

ON THE FLORA OF INNISHOWEN, CO. DONEGAL.
By H. C. Harr, B.A.
(Continued from p. 152).

*Acer Pseudo-platanus Huds. PR sn naturally on the walls of
Derry, Dr. Moore, Ord. Sur. .

Geranium dissectum L. G. Rober tianum L. G. molle L.

Erodium cicutarium Sm

Linum catharticum L.-—Abundant.

Radiola Millegrana 8m.—Near the Signal tower, Malin Head,
where it was see bid Beams brother, G. V. Hart; also a little
east from Ardm

Ulex europeu

[U. Gallit Planch. —The Dwarf Furze does not occur in Innis-
howen, and I am a little doubtful about its being a Donegal plant.
Stunted U. al tate may have been mistaken for it; it is, at any
rate, very rar

paneibiuiieas scoparius Koch.

onis arvensis L.—Buncrana, W. E. H. I could not find it
there in Sept. 1882. This plant is recorded, without locality, from
Donegal in the ‘ Cybele Hibernica.’ I have never been able to meet

ith it.

Medicago lupulina L.—Rather scarce.
Anthyllis Vulneraria L. re mon

+ Trifolium pratense L.—Com

T. repens L.—Common. The entive situation of these two clovers
appears to me very distinct in Ireland. e present species thrives
in damp or even very wet ground, either by the sea or to a consider-
able ary on mountains, while 7’. pratense always looks most at
home on dry banks and bluffs by the seaside. Red clover is more
doubtfully native in the north west than the Shamrock. T. repens
is commonly pink in salt marshes, where it resembles 7’. fragiferum.
Some botanists believe neither species indigenous to Ireland.

T. medium L.—Local, but quite a rere er plant in Innis-
howen, where I have observed it in the following localities :—
between Kilderry and Slieve Snacht; “Da naff Head; Leenane;
~~ ground at Ardmalin South, on the west side of Malin Head ; ;

Knockglass, west of Malin, and at Goorey, by the school-house.
I fom: found it also in Northern Donegal at Aranmore

ON THE FLORA OF INNISHOWEN, CO. DONEGAL. 171

T. arvense Li.—Sandy fields at Stroove, a little south of Innis-
howen Head, W.E.H. Sandy ground at Ardmalin South, on the
in Head.

Frequent.

q procumbens L.—Frequent, especially on dry sandy banks near
the sea

Lotus corniculatus L.—Abundant.

L. major aia —Near Fahan and between Fahan and Inch,
Beperdntty.aG

*Vicia fc Took —More frequent in Innishowen than I have
observed it elsewhere in Ireland, especially in cultivated fields from
Glengad Head northwards, and ‘about Carndonagh ; about Fahan
and Inch.

V. sylvatica L.—In a ea aie Moville, W. HK. H. Culdaff,
Flor, Uist. Owing to a misprint in the ‘ Cybele Hibernica’ I did
not observe _ this plant has bets recorded from Hornhead by
Mr it must occur there in small pice a since I have
frequently bobanised over Hornhead without meeting it. It also
occurs in — county near the town of Donegal, Dickie.

V. Cracea LL. V. sepium Li,

V. an vaeietinen Roth, —Very rare. — Lough Swilly, is
the only station I have seen it at in Done

V. lathyroides L.—Dunaff Head and sandy ground at Stroove.

L. pratensis L.—Stroove, &ce. Not ei a in the north of
Donegal.

Prunus communis Huds.—Com

P. Padus L.—‘* Mentiagh Glen esis Innishowen, Donegal,”

Cyb. Hib.
tP. Cerasus L.—* In the townland of Muff, Donegal,’ Cyb. Hib.
Spirea Ulmaria L.—Common

Gen urbanum Li. Frequent; at 500 feet on Crockanghrim.
Agrimonia Eupatoria L.—Local, W. E. H. Glengad Head; at
west of Malin.

Alchemilla vulgaris L.—Common. A. subsericea occurs near

A, arvensis Seop.—
Potentilla anserina L.
‘% reptans L.—Not unfrequent; plentiful about Fahan
P, <Seanong Nestl. — Abundant; at the summit of eave
Snacht, 2019 fee ‘
ny ean L.—Probably frequent. I was too late in the
year to determine its range.
— antl L.—Frequent, especially about the mountain
lakes, a a - ad.
Fraga vesea L.—Comm
Ideus L.—Not oie: W.4E.H. Plentiful in the
an ir a river.
tilis L.—Rare. Sparingly upon Bulbein Mount; on a
headland about a mile south of Ardmalin South, on the west ‘side
of Malin Head; on Crockaughrim,

172 ON TH& FLORA OF INNISHOWEN, CO. DONEGAL.

R, fruticosus L. sony aaa aad As far as I was able to identify
I met with

northwards; R. discolor and Rh. ¢ wh Grit frequent ; while another
form occurs on the pain side of the Sealp. Innishowen appeared
to me a good field for a student of Rubi. r. Moore has recorded
Rubus rhamnifolius, R. Koehleri and R. humifusus from the neigh-
bourhood of Derry; Ord. Surv. Rep

R. casius L.—Banks #4 the we of the Foyle above Derry.
Dr. Moore, Ord. Seas Rep

Rosa canina L

. tomentosa Sm. —Frequen
LR. rubiginosa L.—Near Derry, W.E.H. Probably introduced.

R. 8 —— L.—Local, W. E. H. Malin Head, Glengad,
&e. —

Crataegus een ha L.—Frequent. A handsome form, with
nee large cole and stipules, occurs by the shore at Culdaff;
native about Goorey, west of M
Guat Bay Aucuparia Geertn. —Frequent, at sea-level a little north of

Lythr vi ‘Salicaria L. ——Freq

— Portula L.—Rare or Oilisk Dickie. a about
Ardmalin South, on the west side of Malin Head; at Loughinn
ae near the lake, where it occurs as a floating = tag 2

pian
Epilobium cng L.—Ravine at pera gr pi kkie.
About a mile west of Glennagiveney, on cliffs above the sea far
from habitations, er ——— native. The only satinasiene
locality I have seen in the ¢

E. Aen utum x Bae eenane. mt very scarce plant in Donegal.

E. parviflorum L.—Very sparingly at Glennagiveney, W. E.
By a pond at Carrickabrahy, Doagh Island ; plentiful about Fahan,
Inch Road, Bridge-end, Burnfoot, and 6 rt. This species is very
locally distributed and stunted in ‘Done

E. montanum 9 —Frequent, at 800 feet on ae

7 reb.—Generally distributed, W. E.

E. pa shines a yea Remarkably abundant in dykes
upon the reclaimed land near Inch Road Station

cetoe lutetiana L.—Frequent in suitable plac

, L.—Muff Glen and Innishowen Head, ‘Flor. Ulst.

isiephytives spicatum L.—Deep ditches south of Burnfoot, in

several places. This and the folicwnig appear to be confounded in

M. alterniflorum iS Common, especially in ditches about
Burnfoot and Blanket Nook, where. the last also occurs ; in the
mountain lakes at the. Mintiaghs ; Lough Inn, in Kast Innishowen.

Hippuris niger’ is L.—Searce. Marshy places on Doagh Island.

Montia fontan

Sedum Rhodiola DC .—Inland on Bulbein Mount, and Croc
aughrim ; — a Malin Head, Innishowen Head, Glengad
Head, and Bin

ON THE FLORA OF INNISHOWEN, CO. DONEGAL. 173

S. anglicum Huds. 8S. acre L

Cotyledon Umbilicus Huds.—Com

Saxifraga eepostt oie L. sae eee on Bulbein Mount, where
it was discovered by Robert Brown. It does not occur on the other
Innishowen eivaataiad: and the record in the ‘ Flora of Ulster’ is
confusing. - Mr. Templeton’ s record is simply ‘‘ Bulbein Mount,
R. Br aahees

S. umbrosa Li.—At Knockglass, Malin, close oY the sea, and
not more than 400 feet above its level, rare and barren, Dickie

S. tridactylites L.— Local. San ndy coast ra Greencastle,

. H.; sandy ei betwee Bunerana an

‘8. stellaris L.—I am under the impression I have seen this on
Bulbein Mount. As it is tolerably frequent in Donegal, I have
taken no note of it

va a oppositifolinn L.—Common. At 1850 feet on
Slieve Snacht.

Hydrocotyle vulgaris L.

Sanicula europea L.—Local, W. E. H. At 500 feet on Crock-
aughrim

Daeiun maritimum L.—Dunree; Leenane; Dunaff; Culdaff ;
much scarcer on Lough Foyle ta Sparingly at Innishowen
Head, W. E. H.

Apium graveolens L.—Culmore, W. E. H

Helosctadium nodiflorum Koch. tty local in ior ve very
rare in Tnnishowen ; formerly at ve but now exterminated b
“ Relief Works, Ww. E. H.; in a small lake ss Carri ichabealey

Hi;
Castle, Doagh Island ; at Blanket Nook, Lough Swilly.
H. inundatum Koch.—Fr requent, W. E.H. Ina pond at Bun-
crana, and t Inch Road.

Afgopodium Podagraria L.—A common and troublesome garden
ed.

Bunium flecuosum With.—Abundant, W. E. H
Sium latifolium L.—Marsh at Culmore Point, ‘near Derry, Dr.
Moore, Ord. Surv. Rept. Recorded erroneously in ‘ Cyb. Hib.’ to
i 12.

[2 Ginanthe Jistulosa Li.—Beside the Presbyterian Church at Malin,
Dic ae Very rare in Donega
|. Lachenalii Gmel. Frequent i in Malin Estuary, from Goorey
to Pat I believe this was the species observed by Dickie, —
it grows at the locality indicated for CE, jistulosa. He has

Qi. crocata L.—Frequent, W. E. H. Plentiful between Fahan
and Bridge-end, and about Malin ; at Blanket Nook.

[d#f. Phellandriwum L.—Thi s plant is very rare in the extreme
north of Ireland, and the one locality («between Milford and Glen-
tidaly ”), which I have recorded in North-West Donegal, belongs, I
believe, to Gi. crocata. The plant here is in all respects ts similar to
(CE. crocata, except that it nied not got the tuberous roots, and, not
ae J fammiliaa one = Phellandrium, I concluded it to be the gel

pecies. I hay n 2. Phellandrium recently in many parts
the South of padlotors and would be inclined to alter the aie

174 PODOPHYLLUM A FORMOSAN GENUS.

given in the ‘ Cybele Hibernica’ to “ ae except the extreme
north,” instead of ‘‘ south,” as it stands t
*Petroselinum sativum L.—At Moville, Deeagal: Mr. C. Moore.
Greencastle, W. E. H.
(To be continued.)

PODOPHYLLUM A FORMOSAN GENUS.
By H. F. Hance, Pu.D., F.L.S8., &e.

AurHoueH during the past yond -two years the writer has been
able to add no inconsiderable number of species to the Chinese
- flora, it is doubtful if it has often | been his good fortune to record a
more interesting discovery than that which forms the subject of
the present brief note. Specimens were first sent by the writer’s
iend, Mr. T. Watters, H. M. Consul at Tam- — in oe spring of
1881; but these were so imperfectly died and packed that they
arrived with the floral — all detached, so that it was impos-
sible to ascertain whether the flower was iso- or diplostemonous.
A living specimen was iordy after forwarded, but although
very carefully tended, and growing nicely, it has only just now
(March, 1883) sfdtied a solitary blossom, the others having
aborted, no doubt from exposure to cold. At the same time a
liberal supply of meget both expanded and in bud, preserved in
alcoho 1, has bee ceived, through Mr. Watters’ . thonghtfal
dness, and eres « aimple materials have been in hand for a
complete examin
The genus remem has hitherto consisted of but two species ;
the North American P. peltatum Linn. ! the May apple or Mandrake
of the United States (where the fruit is eaten, and from the rhizome
. which the purgative resin named vodophy line so much employed
epatic derangements, is prepared), which has twice as man
jtichetin as petals, and the Himalayan P. Emodi Wall.! recently
detected in the Tangut country, province of Kan-su, by Przewalsky,*
in which petals and stamens are equal in number, and both of these
have solitary white flowers. In the very distinct plant under
notice the much larger isostemonous flowers are of a dull red,
arranged in a pendulous group of five or six, in the fork of the si
stem-leaves; they are bractless, and ethals a strong odour
putrefying flesh. The sepals are not caducous, and the oonindstive
is conspicuously prolonged beyond the anther- eels but the essen-
tial characters are in every respect those of the
Yi pH of Diphylleia and Cauloph iient i in Japan andl
Sachalin, and of Jeffersonia in Manchuria, would of course hile
prepared us for the present discovery. Although agreeing in its

* For this interesting piece of oo the writer is indebted to
M. Bataline’s sapere ‘Apergu des travaux russes sur la géographie des
plantes, de 1875-80’ (St. Petersb., 1881), a copy of which he owes to the
courtesy of the thc

ON THE FLORA OF SOUTH BEDFORDSHIRE. 175

isostemonous flowers with P. Emodi, the new plant is otherwise as
distinct from that species as from the American one. e leaves
have a curiously subulate-toothed pais and quite shallow lobes.
WV’ Podophyllum pleianthum, sp. nov.—Caule erecto glaberrimo
pruinoso 9-pollicari, foliis sterilibus Padivalinis solitariis caulinis
binis crassiusculis glaberrimis supra lete viridibus lucidis subtus
pallidioribus sublucidis centrice v. snboent¥ios peltatis chess
palmatim 6-8 lobatis lobis late triangulatis acuminatis vix quintam
diametri partem squantibus nervis supra impressis 5 babes s promi-
nentibus margine arnt subulato-denticulatis pedalibus petiolis
pruinosis squilongis, floribus inter folia are pee nascentibus
ebracteatis Bain quinis pendulis odor tridum exhalan
tibus s diametro 3} pollicaribus pedicels bipollicaribus
superne cava: peepee faltis, sepalis adpressis ovato-ellipticis
acutiusculis pruinosis venosis 14-16 lin. longis 7-9 lin. latis (inte-
rioribus paulo latioribus) cnitea te fecundatione tantum deciduis,
petalis oblongis acutis brevissime unguiculatis apicem versus
undulato-denticulatis nervis anastomosantibus percursis sordide
sanguineo-rubris 18-19 lin. longis, staminum 6 petalis plus duplo

reviorum antheris adnatis valvula longitudinali utrinque dehis-
centibus filamentis equilongis connectivo ultra loculos in apic
obtusum lineam longum producto, ovario oblongo stylo crassiusculo
Se ae peltato cristato coronato filamenta tantum squante,

indefinitis circ. 6-seriatis.
th bambuseto impeditissino, ad septentrionem oppidi Tam-sui,

ins. Formos, amico T. Watters, Aprili mense a. 1881 jam ineunte,
ex inopinato bheenit (Herb. rime n. 21697.)

ON THE FLORA OF SOUTH BEDFORDSHIRE.
By James SaunpDERs.
(Continued from p. 75).

Prunus spinosa Li.

P. insititia L.—Local. Barton. Sharpenhoe.

P. Avium L.

P. Padus .—Luton Hoo Park, probably planted.

Spirea Ulmaria L.

S. Filipendula L.—Doubtless indigenous on the grassy slopes
of the Chiltern Hills, bee ere it grows with Anemone Pulsatilla
Spiranthes bbe

Agrimonia Eupatori

Piven Sanguisor ba L.— sp arenpuere on railway banks.

Alchemilla arvensis Scop. A. vulga

Potentilla F'ragariastrum Ehrh. ?. Tor mentilla Scop.

I sec ms L. P. Anserina L.

(P. argentea L.—Occurs at East Hyde, just over the county
border in the extreme sou

Comarum palustre L. Rare. Flitwick Marsh.

176 ON THE FLORA OF SOUTH BEDFORDSHIRE.

Fragaria vesca Li.
Rubus Ideus L.—Local. Leagrave. Flitwick. pera are
being collected for a list of the segregates of the Rubi and Ros
m urbanum L
Crategus monogyna Jacquin.
Pyrus Malus L.
Lythrum Salicaria L.
. Hyssopifolia L.—Occurs as a weed at Putteridge Bury, just
on the borders of the coun
Epilobium angustifolium Toe Railway banks. Woods near
Whipsnade.
E. hirsutum L. E..parviflorum Schreb. E.montanum L. EF. vate:
urum to eb.—Banks of the Lea, Luton Hoo
Circea Lutetia :
it priphylton ver wrbeitlation L.—Loeal. A pond at Pepperstock.
M. spicatum L.—Local. Ponds, Limbur
Flippuris Hijet L.—Local. Luton Hoo Lake.
Callitriche verna L.
C. platycarpa Kutz Prom Pkaotees Marsh.
ryonia dioica L.—Comm
Ribes ribrum L. LE Wondihe near + Btadham, far from houses.
Sedum Fabaria Koch.—Woods near Market St. Aspley Woods.
By the R. Lea, New Mill End.
S. album L., var. teretifolium.—tTiled roofs, Barton. S. acre L.
Sempervivum tectorum L.—Flitwick. uae on.
Saxifraga pi ak oe L.—Ampthill. Lut
S. granulata L.— wovleaeh *« Marslets ”’ ii Luton.
Chri ——— um oppositifolt um Li.—Rare. Bank of a rill near
Toddington :—‘‘ Eversholt,” ‘Abbot
H yori vulgaris L.—Observed only on Flitwick Marsh,
where it is ee a
anicula europea Li. Helosciadium nodiflorum Koch.
Petroselinum senne poorer al. Barton Hills.
Aigopodium Podagraria L.

Carum sect hiner dour Koch.—Limited to the chalk district,
where it is abundant at Limbury, Biscot, and the Warden Hills.
Swine are often fed on the tubers, which are said to produce a kind

of intoxication the first day.

P. magna L.~-Local. Brammingham. Sundon. Totternhoe
(Sium latifolium L.—Banks of the Ouse above Bedford. Not
observed in 8. Beds.)
S. angustifolium L.—Limbury. Luton Hoo Park.
Bupleurum rotundifolium L.—Rare. Barton Hills, in chalky fields.
(Enanthe fistulosa L.—Local. Northall. Flitwi
(Ez. fius ‘iatilis Coleman.—R. Ouse, above Bedford, Not observed
in §. Beds.)
Aithusa C. —, L.,
Feniculum vulgare L.—An — on railway banks.
Angelica sylvestris L.—Com

ON THE FLORA OF SOUTH BEDFORDSHIRE. 177

Pastinaca sativa L.—Roadsides. Common.

Heracleum Hee gem wm Li.

Daucus Carot

Torilis infesta Spreng. —Local. Eversholt. Houghton.

T. Anthriscus Gae

T. nodosa Gaertn. eileeoak Markham Hills. Leagrave.
Cherophyllum Anthriscus L.—Local. Heath and Reach.

C. sylvestre L. = C. temulum L.

Scandix Pecten-Veneris

Hedera Helix

Cornus sanguinea L.—Com

Adoxa Moschatellina L. SL Loskily abundant. Limbury. Streatley.
Sambucus nigra

S. Hbulus L. —Rare. Limbur

— Opulus L. V. i nagad 2 He

Lonicera Periclymenum

alien Cruciata With. i=dabesl: Hext

G.verumL. G.MollugoL. G.saxatile L. G. palustre G.Aparine L.
G. uliginosum L.—Local. Bog Heath and ne

G. tricorne With. oA oaiatiian over the chalk ar

Zi.
Valeriana dioica L.—Not uncommon in moist meadows.
. Mikanii Bab.—Not uncommon in the Sou This is
Abbot’s specimen of V. officinalis L. See Journ. Bot. 1881, p- 41.
V. sambucifolia Mikan. Pedi only at Flitwick.

ne
dentata Koch.—Lo sal: Chally fields, Barton Hills.

Dipsacus sylvestris L. —

Soabions Succis ras

S. Columbaria ti = Minndant 0 on the chalk hills.

ordium Acanthium Lu.—Not uncommon by roadsides and

fields over the chalk area

Silybum Marianum Gaertn. —Woods in Ampthill Park.

Carduus tenuiflorus Curt.—Local. Sandy soil, Flitwick.

C. nutans L.—Abundant on the true cha :

C. crispus L. C. lanceolatus L. C. palustris L. C. arvensis Curt.

C. ges oe - dundon
. acaulis I. Abadia ae the chalk hills. The caulescent
form heed hedgebank, Bisco

Carlina vulgaris L._—Abun dant on the chalk esearp.

Arctium majus Schkuhr.—Local. Lim

A. minus Schkuhr.—Loeal. d.

Serratula tinctoria L.-—Very local, on the ues greensand range.

Centaurea nigra L. C. Scabiosa L. ya

Chrysanthemum ie Bday: Ue tacaneuens L.

Matricaria Parthenium L.—Local. Fields, Stopsley.

i,

ora
M. Chamomilla Iu.—Local. Leagrave. Barton Hills.
Tanacetum yong 2 ee: limited to the greensand.
Maulden. Ri dgmo
N

178 VEGETABLE PRODUCTS OF N.W. INDIA.

Anthemis sseuey L.—Local. On sandy soil, Flitwick.
A. Cot .—Abundant-in cornfields
Achillea hlitoolium L. Artemisia vulgaris L.
tlayo germanica
F’, apiculata G. S ‘Sm. —Rare. Flitwick.
F’. minima Fries.—Local. On sandy soil. Flitwick. Aspley.
Gnaphalium elise his
Senecio vulgaris L. S. Jacobea L. 8. aquaticus Huds.
S. sylvaticus L.—Locally echinin Flitwick.
S. campestris DC.-—Limited to the lower chalk escarpment.
aoe on the Barton Hills.
cern . B. tripartita L.—Both rather local.
ate Com yza DC.—-Local. Dallow Lane, Barton
. dysenterica L.
Erigeron ac is L.— Local. ~Leagra e.
Solidago Vir ga-aurea ee — Rafe: C hill Woods.
Tussilago Farfara Li. Petasites vulgaris
Eupatoriun cas
Cichorium Intybus L. —Common by waysides.
Lapsana communis Li. — ti L.
Leontodon es L. L. autum
Pieris hieracioides L.—Local. Daitoar: Pepperstock.
Tragopogon pratensis L, Taraxacum Dens-leonis Desy.
tuca muralis Fresen.—Rare. Luton Hoo Park Walls.
Sonchus sem L. 8S. asper Hoffm. 8S. arvensis L.
‘Crepis virens L.
eruitin Pilosella L.
H. umbellatum L.—Loeal. Chiltern Green.
H., boreale Fries.—Woods, Clophill. Aspley.
Jasione montana L.—Limited to the lower greensand.
Campanula glomerata L.—Common on the chalk hills.
C. Trachelium Li.—Local. Woods :—Str = Barton.
C. latifolia L.—Rare. Woodside, Barton Lee
C. rapunculoides L.— Rare. Between ee and Hexton.
Mrs. Carruthers.
C. rotundifolia L.
C. patula L.—Rare. Luton Hoo. Mr. J. Edge.

(To be continued.)

NOTES ON VEGETABLE PRODUCTS OF THE SAHA-
RANPUR & DEHRA DUN DISTRICTS, N.W. INDIA.
By J. F. Durum, M.A., F.I.8.

In the course of getting together, for the Amsterdam Exhibition,

a “saat of agricultural specimens from the poe greta of

Saharanpur, I have had opportunities of obtaining some informa-

tion ied t venture to think may be usefully recorded in ae form
of short no

The naan of Saharanpur is essentially that of the plains of

VEGETABLE PRODUCTS OF N.W. INDIA. 179

Northern India, though somewhat tempered by reason of its

proximity to the Himalayas. The Siwalik range of hills divides

the district of Sahdranpur from that of Dehra Dan, where the

arson is some degrees cooler and the vegetation correspondingly
erent.

CrRE
Cold Season. Sere eons sativum Lam. (vern. Gehur.)
is Barley, Hordeum vulgare L. (vern. Jau.)

Oa . dal.

9

Rainy Season. Rice, Oryza sativa L. (vern. Dhar.)
M :

(Bajra).
% tralian Millet, Setaria italica Kunth. (Kangni.)
re Paspalum scrobiculatum L. (vern. Kodon.)
‘ Panicum poor ceum L. (vern. Chena.
mentaceum, Roxb. ae Peta
7 Rigaud corocana Gierta: (vern a.)
Waear is the most important winter crop of Upper Indi

There are Seveal distinct varieties, including the bearded and the
beardless ; different names are also given according to the nature of
the grain ‘88 to its colour, size, and consistency. This crop is very
frequently sown mixed with barley, also with certain of

3 ) ‘5

wn
(Gram or Chana), and Ervum as (M. ney ches kinds of yale
which will be alluded to further on; also ue t less Hi tate

lack
aoe ae A ried was exhibited at the Saharanpur eeitbieal Show

last
ats extensively cultivated in eo stud farm at Saharanpur
for he use of the depot horses. On the hills it is grown mixed
with barley, and both grains are Patty “ and eaten together.
Rice is by far the most important crop of the kharif or rainy
m

ne
from seed-beds, whilst ‘the inferior sorts are sown broadcast. It
largely grown in the Himalayan Valleys and wherever the ground
can be irrigated.

Maize or Inpian Corn.—Compared with the other ore this is
a recent introduction. It thrives well both in the plains a
Himalayas. It is a rapid grower, capable of coming to aataniy
within six weeks from sowing, should the season be favourable.

7

180 VEGETABLE PRODUCTS OF N.W. INDIA.

The young stalks are a favourite fodder for cattle. The —

are mainly distinguished by the colour of the cob, varying
Pale | neh or white to a deep claret-red. The cobs roasted whilst
much eaten both by Europeans and natives. A common

few years ago, and has succeeded fairly well, at the Government
Garden = pete on the Himalayas.
Great Mir r Guar pia vulgare). — This is largely
cultivated ainebiie he ‘rainy sea a is usually sown mixed with
ae ‘id. r (Ca aj aN and other
pulses, such as Lobiya (Vigna Ca Se as ung (Phaseolus Mungo),
Urd (P. Mungo, var. ivy wa so as to ensure some sort of return

we
e 2
g
=
S
2
2B

reddish grains, and ss shille, Thi s plant is much valued as

cattle fodder, and is often cultivated Siahiealy for this _PuEpose
under rast oF e of Chari. Mr. Wright, in his Memo. on the
Agriculture of the Cawnpore District, gives an Be aeind “deserip-
tion Be some rem observances during the harvesting of this crop:

prs ed keep off evil coe ( — A double pee of grain was
n honour of Shai ar, one to the village sooner
(bh), ius to the Seah fe a the family nrg (parohit), and
alf a seer each to the village carpenter, blacksmith, barber, and
ray carrier.” An allied recently introduced species called
e board is cultivated on the Saharanpur stud lands under the
e of imphi or black sorghum ; the stems are full of saccharine
nite.

Srrxep Miuxer or Basra (Pennisetum typhoidewm).—Better known
perhaps under the name of Penicillaria spicata: it forms a very
handsome crop during the rains. It is inferior though to juar,
both as to its grain and for fodder purposes. is Sn is sown mixe
with the seeds a = same plants which accompany judr.

Travian Minuet or Kanent sidaetag cao italica), is another rainy
season crop, anal preferring a light elevated soil. It is very
rarely sown by itself, being usually mixed with Sawan (Panicum
frumentaceum), or with Chena (P. miliaceum). The flour is thought
very ‘highly of by the Brahmins, who use it for porridge an cakes ;
it is at hag saceb next to wheat the best for making pas

Kopon (Paspalum scrobiculatum).—This is very little albvated
about Sahir ranpur, and used only by the poorer people. In other
districts, however, ah is largely grown on account of its being easily
cultivated on poor

CHENA (anki | aitlaaae —This is usually sown as a hot-
weather crop, and, as it requires constant irrigation, it is generally
to be seen growing in the vicinity of wells or canal channels. As
the plant ripens the panicles become gracefully bent, one to

SHORT NOTES. 181
weight of the seed. It is cultivated on the Himalayas up to
6000

ee
Sawan i Panicum frumentaceum).—This and the last-named Millet

are very quick-growing kinds, coming to maturity within six weeks
om sowing t is grown extensively on the Himalayas, as well
as on the lains. In rich damp ground the stems are apt to topple
over, and, rooting at the nodes, h shee up strong secondary shoots.
The hill name is Jhangora. An allied nae P, — ze a

Manp “(eleva corocana).—This is very extensively grown
both on ame plains and Himalayas. In Dehra Din and the neigh-
bouring hilly Spraes it forms i “ss sae food of the inliabital
0 ills it is usually mix with ¢ rtain coarse fps é. g- "

poorer classes.
(To be continued.)

SHORT NOTES.
Saxrrraca pepatiripa Sm. as a Brirish Puant.—-The evidence
adduced by Mr. A. ws Bennett at 7. 152 does not, I am afraid,

point, any more than Dr. J. T. Mackay’s specimen of Alchemilla

not occur.—Tuos. H.
Monectous AnD HERMAPHRODITE MERCURIALIS PERENNIS.— When
gathering some fine fruiting specimens of this plant, during the
second week in May, last, one of them was observed with both

182 SHORT NOTES.

staminate and pistillate flowers in the same inflorescence. Upon
subsequent examination it was found to contain not only diclinous
flowers, but hermaphrodite ones also. Of these, some conformed
to the ete type of vee a flowers, but developing perfect
stamens in place of staminodia. One of the ome = four perien
stamens, which aes gene: ng one on each side of the usual
staminodia; and another had three — sacoaue. arrange tie 0
on one side of the septum and one on the other. Several of the
and one of the fernaphastal flowers, contained tri-
maroae traits, but in no case was the additional cell fully developed.

- seven. A clearer idea may possibly be given by the following
summary of the fully developed flowers, besides which there were
several unexpanded staminate buds. The total number of spikes
on the plant was five. The staminodia are represented by 0.

No. of flowers. Sepals. Andreecium: Gynecium.
Staminate......... 4 3 7 (?8+3-+1)
Pistillate, normal 8 0+0 2)
7 a al 3 3 0+0 (3)
Hermaphrodite... 2 8 1+1 (2
. oe 1 8 2+1 3)
: 1 8 ey (2)

1+0

Besides the specimen just described several hundred spikes were
examined, from the same hedgebank, and only one other abnormal
plant was detected. This had three spikes, on which were numerous
(about 15) staminate flowers, me three pistillate ones, but all of
them were of the pepo The occurrence in the first

mentioned example, of both Recep hte flowers and trimerous
fruits, would sugge oi a reversion to an ancestral form characterized
by peek flowers and trimerous symmetry. The abnormal fruits
sss indicate a close affinity with a - ee gynecium of
both Bueus and Euphorbia.—James Sau

JAPANESE Gentians.—In examinin aceae collected by
Mr. J. Bisset in Japan, I find that some confusion has arisen about
e A

y Solander ‘ Eavescota aquatica Thunb.
the description of Grisebach’s G. Thunb bergii, and is the same as
British Mo 8 G, japonica, a specimen of which he ties sent to the

m. .

the native name Harurindd, is there rightly identified as
G. “Thanterg Griseb., and thus no ticed in Franchet & Savatier’s
‘Enumeratio pla ntarum in Jap., vol. i., p. 393, though unfor-
thately in vo oe p- 50, it has been réferred to G. japonica
Maxim., as if the two species were distinct. Zollinger’s specimen
(no. 331), distributed as G. Thunbergii Griseb., is not the plant of
Thunberg and Grisebach, but agrees with what Maximowiez in

SPRUCE ON CEPHALOZIA. 1838

‘Mél. Biol.’ ix. 897, calls G. Thunbergii wt distinct from his

G. japonica. Perhaps it w _ be convenient to name it G.

Zollingertt. It does not appear to be as common as the true

G. Thunbergii. The species A we will stand thus

G. apostle Griseb. DC. Prod. ix. | G. Zollingerit = i Die ste sacs
0

ger (non Griseb.) N
= G. aquatica Thunb, (non Linn.), System. oe in ind. Archip.,
“ Har Rindo,” Fl. che a ae 3 Heft p. 4
ath soe Maxim., Mél. Bio = Thunbergit Maxim Mabie
Mél. Biol. ix. p. 3

= Herurinds of S6Mokou Zoussetz, iv.
W. Fawcett.

NOTICES OF BOOKS.

On Cephaloxia = ae of sea at its Subgenera, and some allied
y Ricuarp Spruce. Malton: Slater, 1882, pp. vi. 96.

Unprr the ain title has appeared a short memoir by our most ,
dhsitienished hepaticologist, in which are given some of the reste
of his profound study of the grou

In the preface the author proposes to employ, as aids to classi-
fication, certain characters, the value of which had not previously
been adequately appreciated, and adds remarks on nomenclature
and ie onymy.

short aiasataes of ofthese % species known to the author; orekially
South American, the latter of serene ill be more fully described
in his forthcoming work on the ‘Hepatice of the Amazon and
Andes,’—a work awaited with anxious curiosity by students, and
one which will probably rank amongst the most important contri-
butions to the literature of hepaticology. Up to the present time
great =p ap oaae has been attached to certain characters in the
division of the Jungermaniacee into tribes, genera and species, such
as—lst. The frondsite, or those with frond-like stems, as contraste
with the foliose, or those having distinctly leafy stems, which has
constituted for a long time the primary division in most systematic
gements. 2nd. The insertion a the leaves on the stem, either

next ; ncubous, having the ape of each leaf overlying the base
i 8 e fructfeaton being either terminal on the
stem (acrogenous) or latera short branches Sg mented how

insufficient of themselves chide characters are to separate
and genera is illustrated by the fact that they are all found in 5 th
different species of the single genus Cephalozia
place of these the author points out the existence of other
Fomine upon which a more natural division of these plants
be based, characters which have either been esteemed of
little nite or have not previously been noticed at all, but ome

184 SPRUCE ON CEPHALOZIA.

e are—Ist, The insertion of the branches on the
ate

keels or angles of the perianth; 8rd, The structure of the capsule-
walls, and the number of the cell- are composing them; 4th, The
sp a of the sexual, and especially of the male, organs.

The genera Cephalozia and Kantia are acne of those genera
having a postical insertion of branches; and “a tetas Radula, and
Frullania, of those having — lateral ‘branch

In the author’s notes on the perianth are some srg and
valuable Shedrrsiions on ite: origin aa structure. He finds that
two types of perianth obtain A RE the ond Jungermaniacee 5
the one ( Epigonanthe) is distinguished by having the keels, or
angles of the Lip mo nth at the actual satay! of the connate flower-

e angles are normally three, and the third angle is
ailiys in front. This form of perianth is — ri a
laterally compressed stem and involucre, such as
Lophocolea, Chiloscyphus, &c. In the other type (Hypogoiantha)
the angles of the perianth are the medial ae of the complicate
flower-leaves, and not their marginal sutures; and ie leaves
being three, two lateral and the third *etloal their union produces
a trigonous perianth, with the third angle at the back, as in
Cephalozia, Lepidozi ia, oe &c.; and although additional (or
supplementary) angles may be developed in the perianth i certain
serait and species, it is rarely difficult to refer the = anth with
e a)

aie of the cell- Be Sade ite is — by the author, the chief
abs

distinctions being the pre sence on the innermost layer
semiannular fibres, aay the scat har of Siilaree in the capsule
ah genus or species. 4 e number of the sexual organs,

especially of the male (which character, although noticed by some
writers, has not been sufficiently attended to), is found to be very
- constant in many genera
The author does not, however, be eh the two divisions,
Epigoniantha and Hypogonianthe, as primary ones, but we may
enture to conjecture that when he writes more fully upon the
lapae “aabjeet of the natural mid eee of the Jungermaniacee
they will o an important plac
A history of the genus Cophatosia Dum. is given, followed by a
summary i its main characters, with a division of it into eight
subgenera, and a sketch of the salations which each subgenus has
to the others, together with notes on conterminous species, which
oblige us to unite the subgenera into a single comprehensive genus.
Although there are some startling combinations, as for instance
of the frondose-like Pteropsiella and Zoopsis on the one hand, with

the genus Odontoschisma Dum. (which “ reduced to a subgenus),
on the other, the consummate manner in which the sathor —
the subject shows us that we have an honest endeavour ee arrive at

a natural arrangement of these minute and complex plant
The eight subgenera are :—1. Proto-Cephalozia §., which con-

SPRUCE ON CEPHALOZIA. 185

tains one of the most curious forms that have = found amongst
the hepatics, viz. Cephalozia ephemeroides §., found by the author
in Venezuela, growing on moist earth in ae eas ‘on little
mounds thrown up by mud-worms, and appearing ini mk tare bee A
a greenish confervoid film, like the pirbtomenta of a It

one o
speaking, neither stem nor leaves, but from the base of the pro-
thallium arises a female flower, and at the end of the thread-like
branches of the prothallium are male spikes. 2. Pteropsiella okt a
subgenus represented by a —— Leiter P. frondiformis §.,

by the author in South Amer is species is one which
iiindtrates the difficulty of Satine upon the divisions ‘ fron
ae aerate for pate ~ is entirely destitute of stem-leaves,

3. Zoopsis, a genus founded by Hooker to include the J. ar

of Taylor, a species which has occupied the especial attention of
several ns aap rat or pee and Leitgeb.
The plan mbraced en a flat ribbon-like

the original species
4. argentea Tayl. and 4. setulosa Leitg., — oe really bilobed
leaves, a fact overlooked by all previous writers. lobiella 8.

named by Gottsche in his honour. It had, however, = previously
collected by the author, and named in his MSS. Z£. lancifolia, but
not being published the well-merited pe ae? name of
Gottsche must stand. In this subgenus the leaves are normally

y
aaa ae with large pellucid elongate cells. 5. Eu-Cepha-
lozia §. is a subgenus typified by our common J. bicuspidata, and
comprising the oe t bulk of the Cephalozia of the north temperate
zone. 6. a subgenus, founded by Mitten as a in babe

to Odontoschisma denidotum: and has the trigonous perianth and

which we may cite the common J. divaricata as an exa:
Especially interesting to the British Sepabulagies. is the

x

186 SPRUCE ON CEPHALOZIA.

description given of several species new to our flora, and the
exhaustive notes on those hitherto little known or misunderstood.
= those published for the first time are Cephalozia heterostipa

et Spruce, found on Ingleborough by Dr. Carrington, and on
se Glyders, North Wales, by E. M. Holmes. Cephalozia Jackii
Limpr., which is fully i but not — for Britain, has
re ecently been ops Sane ni the author amongst specimens
collected by the late Wm. Wilson near Warrington. Cephalozia
leucantha §., mae od by J. Sim, Potarch, near Banchory, Scot-

d.
mouth of an old copper mine near Tyn-y-gro es, North es.

Amongst those of our British species, which have hitherto been
only announced as British, but not described, are ———
fositans —— C. multiflora S., C. Scag (Hiiben ), C. elachista
(Jack); and in the appe endix is given a description of Anthelia
Juratzkana “Leen which was found dately y W. West in Scot-
land, and announced in our journal at the as as new to Britain.

In the appendix is given a description of the following genera
nearly allied to Cephalozia: Hygrobiella §., Pleuroclada §., Arach-

i
first is relegated J. laaifolia (Hook), which had previously been placed
by Lindberg amongst the Cephalozia, but which differs from them

of radicles, and by the female flowers being constantly terminal,
with a very lax but trifarious involucre. Two other — of
recent discovery were added to the genus by the sain, i
carpa Carr., and J. nevicensis Carr.; but in our annotated sey he
has adopted a new subgenus, proposed by Prof. To (Eremo-
notis), for J. myriocarpa, a species differing from J. laxifoli
in the absence of stipules, the cell- asestarss: er the bifarions
pales Another species, about which much doubt exists,

Pleuroclada is proposed to contain J. albescens Hook, which had
been assigned by Dumortier and others to a but from
which it is dintingeiahed by its lateral and subpinnate ramification,
bluish white colour, very fleshy perianth, and fiber prtiecrr

The genus Arachniopsis 5., so-named on account of
different — comprised in it forming broad thin films, like
spider’s webs, contains some most beautiful forms. Three species
sd are knee, all found by the author in South America.

w genus Mytilopsis S., ‘‘ having leaves so equally and closely
noeinlonte, that they resemble in miniature a Sipe od
bivalve shell, such as that of the mussel;’’ hence the
approaches nearer to the genus Micropterygium, but is distingiiahod
trom it by its very flat and frond-like stem, with branches sprin
rom the under side, as in Cephalozia. This fine = is repre-
sented by only one known species, Byalopes albifrons 8

GAELIC PLANT-NAMES. 187

In closing his memoir the author reviews the tribes founded by
Dumortier, and from examples given justifies his opinion that, with
such eccentric combination of genera, their adoption becomes im-
possible. The systems of Nees and of Lindberg are also subjected
to pee followed by remarks on the development of certain

rms, concluding with a masterly attempt to indicate the
ainaibas, or more ee speaking the homologies, of the pouch-
fruiting Jungermania

We understand that ‘only 200 copies me this memoir have been
printed, so thas very soon we may expect it to become, by reason
of its excellence, a rare and much sought- fee publication.

Gaelic Names of Plants, Scottish and Irish, with notes on their -
etymology . By Jonn Cameron. Hidekwoud & Sons, Edin-
burgh & London, 1883, 8vo, pp. ix. 130.

Tuts very interesting little volume presenys 3 in a collected form
a series of papers which have appeared in the ‘ Scottish Naturalist’

l we regret to learn has ceased to exis r. Cameron
tells us that ‘‘nearly ten years have been occupied in searchin
ough vocabularies, reading Iris d Scottish Gaelic, and

n
names have been reduced, partly by the carelessness of the com-
pilers of Dictionaries, ded frequently by their ef tanical ignorance.
To accomplish this, numerous journeys had to be undertaken among
ait Gaelic- speaking populations, in order, if. Biseible, to settle
uted names, to fix the plant to which the name was applied,
a to collect ee foe unrecorded.” Only those who have
been e sg be in s i ork know how much is implied in these
remarks, athize with our author when he says
that ‘if the difficulties of its accomplishment had been foreseen, he
would have hesitated to make the attempt.” No collection of
Gaelic names with English translations has, so pee as we en
been hitherto published ; and Mr. Cameron has
securing the co-operation of the Uris Rey. Canon Bowike, of Clare-
morris, a well-known Gaelic scho

t is to b
list the _collections of Gaelic n ames pind in :

h n
We should ae been glad had Mr. Cameron indicated clearly
which of the es are in actual use and which from printed
sources ; some of pa seem to us to be derived from vocabularies,
—for example, we should hardly expect to find a genuine Gaelic
name for such plants as Amar oahiy caudatus, or Cichorium Endivia;

Lus aphione looks like a book-name for Peonia,—and indee several
of the Gaelic names seem to be rather translations than independent

188 NOTICES OF BOOKS.

synonyms. Among omitted names may be mentioned that for
Euphorbia hy yberna, nee! Mr. Hart in this Journal for 1878 (p. 339)
akkin-bwee ’ name of some interest as being one of the

few Irish names that has found its way (spelt ‘ makinboy’) into
nglish books. We suspect that Mary’s Candle would be the

correct translation of. Chetvaal Mhuire, a Gaelic ¢ name for Verbascum
Thapsus whic r. Cameron derives from ‘cuing, asthma, or
shortness of breath.’ Some a the only ios ~ English names are
very interesting—and to the student of plant-names the book is
indispensable. We regret that this notice, alr soily too long delayed
in consequence of the demands upon our space, is for the same
reason necessarily a brief one. ;

Unper the title ‘A Handbook of Higham: or, the ees
of a Country Parish,’ (Wildish, Rochester), the Rev. C. H. Fieldin ng
has dua oan a handy little volume, undertaken with the laudable
motive of creating an interest in the Natural rata and Antiquities
of the Rochester pie i in which Higham is situated. The li
of plants, with which alone we are concerned, “gonitaing 496 species
of Phanerogams, with four ferns and four Equiseta. It is at once
obvious that the number might be easily aeeind ; only three
Carices are enumerated, while there is no attempt at critical work
among the Roses or Rubi; ; and it is hardly likely that there are no
forms of Batrachium except circinatus and fluitans. There is a

pleasant introductory chapter to this part of the work, at the close

of which Mr. Fi eae asks for additional information, to be included
in a second ay tion
We hav Satved ‘French Forest Ordinance of 1869, with
historical satel of previous treatment of forests in France’ (Edin-
burgh: Oliver & Boyd), compiled and translated by Dr. J. Croumbie
Brown, ee ies ded as a companion to his ‘ Forests of England,’
which we mentioned last month.
Mr. English, of Epping, who has prepared specimens of the
¢

their form and colour, has issued a little ‘ Manual for the preser-
vation of the larger Fungi in their natural art (Epping :
Davis), which Reis useful hints upon the

supplement to Chapman’s ‘Flora of dhe “Southiekn States’

Tue fourth volume of the ‘ Monographie Phsnarops marum
has just been published. The orders monographed are Burseracee
and Anacardiacee, by Dr. Engler, and Pontederiacee by Count
Solms-Laubach. In Anacardiacee two new genera are established

—Pleiogynium (on Spondias gone Soland.), and Pseudospondias (on

Salaam

Tue recently issued part (vol. viii., fase. 1) of the ‘ Acta Horti

ARTICLES IN JOURNALS, ° 189

gen
Renardia, founded on’a as collected in Turkestan by Fetison.
Tue recently issued part of Dr. Beccari’s ‘ Malesia’ contains a
description of a new genus of Olacinee (Petalinia Becc.) from
Bauca ; and a paper by Dr. Engler on the ‘ Aracee della Malesia e
della Papuasia raccolte da O. Beccari,’ illustrated with thirteen
excellent plates.

New Booxs. —J. P. J. Kourz, ‘Prodrome de la Flore de
Luxembourg, part il. on ad vasculaires—Muscinées) (Luxem-
bourg: Schamburger).— F. von Murtzer, ‘ Systematic i %
Australian Plants: pt. i i Vaseulres A_W Dan —E.

‘ Petite Flore Parisienne’ (Paris — W. Derwuer, ‘ Leruek

‘Indian Ferns’ (London: W. Thacker & Co.).—C. & W. tua,
‘ Herborisations au Levant: Egypt, Syrie et Méditerranée’ (Lau-
sanne : Bridel). — E. F. Dresurr, ‘ Flora von —_— erg 1.

S niger u. fum migatus ; ages cline “ Aspergillus
wis Ae (Wisbaden, Bergmann nn). —J. Herz, ‘Synopsis der Pharma-
ceutischen Botanik’ (Ellwangen, Huss.)—A. Meyer, ‘ Das Chloro-

phyllkorn ’ (Leipzig, Felix).

ARTICLES IN JOURNALS. ’
Trumbull,

V5

merican Journal of Scien Gray & J.
: Basicw. of DeCandolle’s “ Onait of Critivated Plants.
amr Naturalist. — J. Li. Zabriskie, ‘ Dispersion of seed by
Wistari
ee Sciences Nat. (Bot., 6th Sér., t. xv., no. 4; April). —
B. Renault, ‘ Cons iderations sur les rapports ‘des Lépidendrons,
des Sigillaires, et des tecanayeat! (concluded 1 ee). its Capus,
‘Indications sur le climat e végétation du Turkestan,’ — A.
Franchet, ‘Plantes du Turke =~ n’ (Ranunculus i se R.
turkestanicus, Nigella diversifolia, Pachypterygium stelli igerum, Hy-
menophysa macrocarpa, Isatis hirto calix, Saponaria corrugata, Gypso-
phila intricata, Silene Tachtensis, Acer pubescens, Haplophylium
pilosum, Chesneya arkenaphon, Astragalus Kohistanus, A. owrmita-
nensis, A. timuranus, spp. nn.; 4 plates).
Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. mee Kidston, ‘Affinities of Pothocites’
es).

(4 plate
anical Gazette. — A. Gray, Biography of John Eatton Le
Conte (i784 1860).— J. C. Arthur, Camptosorus rhizophyllus, var.
— (1 plate). ;
tanische Zeitung (Ap. 27). — A. cig rent Vebet die Zell-
theilung der Closterien’ Tnigeladeds ccs a ; May 4, 11, 18).
H. Hoffmann, ‘ Culturversuche iiber Variatio

190 ARTICLES IN JOURNALS.

otaniska Notiser. — TL. M. Nati; ‘ Studier 6fver Skanes och
Hallands flora.

Botanisches Centralblatt (nos. 18, 19, 20). -- et eed. tae
‘Ueber einige Arten der Gattung Teuerium.’ —(No. J. Jaggi,
‘ Scirpus Scheuchzeri Briigger.’

Bull. Soc. Bot. France (xxx., pt. 1; April). — A. Chabert,
‘Recherches botaniques dans les Alpes ‘de la Maurienne.’ — E.
Prillieux, ‘Ktudes sur le Peronospora de la Vigne.’ el om Viand-
Grand-Marais Ba Guyon- aagy ‘Plantes Vasculaires de l’isle de
Croix, Morbi —-M. Cornu, ‘ Recherches sur le BBD eechoapaiben.’

— HK. Mer, ‘De Coliseans: de Vombre et de la lumiére sur la

structure, l’orientation, et la végétation des aiguilles d’ Abies excelsa.’
J Loret, ‘ Notice sur Vherbier et la ‘“ Flore des Pyrénées” de
Phili e.. — H. Vilmorin, ‘ Expériences de croisement entre des
blés age (1 plate).
letin of Torrey Bot. Club (April)—J. Schrenk, te

(Gnothera Hilgardi, Corethrogyne detonsa, Encelia stenophylla, Hemi-
sonia Kellogii, Artemisia franserioides). — G. Vasey, Stipa a
Aristida Parishii, spp. nn.—K. Tuckerman, Ramatlina crinita, sp. n
Flora (Ap. 21).— F. se ‘Flora des Rehborns bei Schatzlar.’
—P. F. Reinsch, ‘ Weitere Beobachtungen iiber die eigenthiim
lichen eimzelligen Korper i in der Carbonko hle.’ —(Mayl). ‘ Site:
ungsbericht des botan. Vereines in Miinchen mdigrwewosiees ‘pha necatrix,
utr * Flora der Nebroden’ (contd.).
Garden (Ma 12). — BR. I. pallens Dietes fieena (with fig.).—
re! Bitined, df Japanese Pepperm
Gardeners’ Chronicle (Ap. 26). a ‘B. Hemsley, ‘The Comm
Fig-tree.’ — Masdevallia Schlimii Lind. (fig. 80); M. Chesterton
Rehb. f., sp. n.—(May 8). Oncidium Hr ubyanum Rehb. f., Tricho-
centrum orthoplectron Rehb. f., spp. nn. hint ce Rieu.
n. hyb. nat. (?).—Fritillaria sneer (fig. 91). — List of Garden
Orchids (Celogyne, contd.). — (May 12). A Hybrid Saxifrage (S.
purpurascens X 8. cordifolia ; : . 97). — N. E. Brown, Primula
altaica.-—List of Garden Orchids (Otochilus, Pholidota). — (May 19).
Dendrobium Harveyanum Rehb. f., n. sp. — Greyia Sutherlandi (ig.
100). — J. G. Baker, ‘ The species of Tulipa.’ — G. Engelmann,
Opuntia subulata. —_List of Hoielon Orchids (Calanthe, Arundina).—
(May 26). rown, Cestrum Hartwegii, var. pubescens, n. var.
—H. G. Reichenbach, Dendrobium Antelope, sp. n.—W. B. Hemsley,
‘The Bermuda Cedar’ (2 figs. of Juniperus Bermudiana). — List of
Garden Orchids (# Ueanthus, Lamium, Amblostoma), — J. G. Baker,
‘ The alae of Tulipa’ (contd.).
Magyar Névénytani: Lapok (Ap. & May). -- F. Schaarschmidt,
‘On the ision of Synedra Ulna.’ —- Id., ‘ Phyletidium Haynaldii,
n.sp. (1 —L. Simkovies, ‘ Quercus ‘Haynaldiana, h. sp., and
other Sagres Oaks ’ (1 ta tab.).
Midland Naturalist. — J. E. Bagnall, ‘ Flora of Warwickshire ’
(Composite, contd.).

BOTANICAL NEWS. 191

Nature (May 17).—A. G. Nathorst, ‘ Fossil Alge.’ — (May 24).
H. Miller, ‘ Effect of —— of colour in flowers of Pulmonaria
officinalis upon its fertilise

Nuovo Giorn, Bot Malt aig. 30). -—— M. Lojacono, ‘ Revisione
dei Trifogli dell’ America septentrionale’ (Trifolium Hemsleyi, T.

ok ee ay ee ‘pum, Plummeri, T. appendiculatum, T.
Watson Grayi, T. Neolage opus, spp. un.; 8 Pager = —F, v.
Mueller, " Nita still semen glaberrima Caruel.’—L. Macchiati,
‘Gli afidi pronubi.’ — Id., ‘ Ancora sugli aieckeaa delle piante.’—
A. ong ' a ae — prod che si formano nell’ allo dell’ assimi-
lazio — A. Penzig, ‘Appunti sulla struttura sim-

pritiales dla Vite’ “a plate).
(Esterr. Bot. Zeitschrift. — L. Celakovsky, * Ranunculus grana~ .
tensis Boiss.’ — G. Beck, ‘Inula hybrida Bau um — B. Blocki,
‘ Beitrag zur Flora Galiziens und der Bukowina (eo td.) — J. B.
Keller, ‘ Rosa reversa W. K.’ — VY. v. Borbas, ‘Rhodo-und Batho-
graphische Kleinigkeiten.’—P. G. Strobl, ‘Flora des Etna’ (contd.).
Pharmaceutical Journal Upy 5). H. Paul, ‘ Results of
Analysis of Cinchona Bark grown in Jamaica.’ — (May 12) § The
Cultivation of the Poppy in European Turke
Piven My —_ (Jan. ae —N. Pa ott Sur la localisation
de 1H um.’ — EH. Heckel, Tératologie Cryptogamique.’
. Gillet, 1 otevties spwsietia poouae* (Inocybe inte Mom -
SCENS , Gaillardi, spp. nn.). — (April), C. Roumeguére,
. Motor of Cesati .—Id., ‘Rapports entre le mycelium filamenteux
constituant aa genre Ozonium Link, et divers Hyménomyeetes.’
m ‘ De la reproduction des Ascomycétes.’ — Portrait

Science-Gossip. — J. Spencer, ‘ Recreations in Fossil Botany.’ —
C. Parkinson, ‘ Boiantes among the Sandhills, Isle of Wight.’

BOTANICAL NEWS.
Mr. MarsHatt Warp has been elected Fellow of Christ’s
College, Cacrecies
Sir J. D. Hooxer has been awarded the ‘ Founder’s Medal’ by
the Royal Geographical Society, and has also been elected a
Foreign Associate of the U.S. National Academy of Sciences.

Dr. Brerscunew the well-known Russian botanist and
sinologue, whose seoaiit contributions to our knowledge of Chines
otany were noticed i some veh, on in this Journal for 1882,
about to leave China, and, on his return to Europe, will devote

himself to Demers ry the flora of China and kindred subjects.

Surceon-Masor J. BK. T. Arroutson has been recommended for
elation my the e Royal Society oo the Council of that body.

Mr. J. G. Baxer is delivering a course of lectures on Saturday
afternoons at the Chelsea Botanic Garden

192

OBITUARY.
Frepericx Naytor died at Kew on the 21st December last, aged

three papers — ‘ On the Flora of Saee: ‘On Rare Plants col-
lected [in 1863] in the South-west of ae and ‘On Asple-
nium Petrarche D.C., as an Irish Plant’—to the Transactions of
the “tein oe of Edinburgh, of which he was a Fellow.
He had a large and valuable collection of the autographs of
botanists.

Baron Vincent Cesavt, Director of the Botanic Garden at
Naples, and until recently Professor of Botany atthe University
there, died on the 18th of February last. He was born at Milan
on the 24th of May, 1806. His attention was mainly devoted to

ungi, upon which he published numerous memoirs; but his
“earlier publications were upon flowering plants: among which may
be mentioned that on the Umbellifere of the Swiss, German, and
North Italian Floras 1688), and oe : eee Italice rariores’
(1840), for which he also drew the plates. His last work,
bibliography of Italian Madier appeared | in the Comptes-rendus
of the Naples Academy of Sciences in 1882.

ORSEFIELD, one of the ‘ working-men botanists’ of
Manchester, died at Besses-o’-the-Barn, near that town, on the

of the Banksian Society of Manchester. From his boyhood he
entered heartily into “the study of botany, and in company with
another well- ences botanist, James Percival, he ra — over
some of the most beautiful parts of Yorkshire and Dur For
y years he was president of the Prestwich Potaieal "Becket,
ay for towers of twenty years he faithfully filled the office of
postman at Whitefield. He was highly respected in the or a
hood in which he lived as a man whose character out
reproach. He was returning from a meeting of the Botanical Soriety
when he was seized with an illness from which he ney
Epwin Cio of Ashton, another of the old Tealaishces aoe:
nists, ied, after: a Saat nee on the 8th of February. He took
an active part in the formation and management of many of the
working men’s botanical Ee of that district.

. Wrtu1am Epw. , Director of the Science and Art
Museum, Dublin, died at that fase on aay 6th, aged 66. He was
the author of a ‘ Handbook of Field Botany,’ published at Dublin
in 1847, of which a second edition appeared in 1851, but does not

00

Secretary of the Royal Dublin Society. About three months before
his death Dr. Steele was seized with an attack of paralysis, from
which he never recovered.

198

SAMUEL DALE.
(Wirn Porrrarr.)

In the course of my tracing the history of botany in Hssex, I
came to the life and works of Samuel Dale, the neighbour and
executor of Ray, a found that jess was known of him than his
great critical acumen and Britis te “apse z tis looked through
his valuable herbarium, transfer years ago from the
Apothecaries Company’s Ga rden at 24 ee ee the "British Museum,
and from his own admirably drawn up and neatly written labels
mae of f the facts of the following biography are obtained.
Samuel Dale is said to have been born in 1659, which date
agrees with the inscription “etatis sue 78’’ on his portrait
engraved by Geo. Vertue, 1737, and prefixed to the third edition of
the ‘ Pharmacologia,’ published i in that year. He was apprenticed
on the Soa of May, 1674, as the ‘‘son of North: Dale of ye pa
of St. Mary Whitecha appell in County Middlsx. silk-thrower .. . to
‘Thos. Wells for 8 yeares ;” but as he seems never to have practised
as an apothecary in London it was not necessary for him to
out his freedom as a ae aE of the Society of Apothecaries, and
he seems never to have don

A manuscript note by Dawson Turner in a copy of Pulteney
in the British Museum says, ‘“* He was born at Braintree —
1658.” The year may be more probable ha 1659; but I
been unable, as yet, to confirm the statement as to the lai ‘of
his birth.

He settled at Braintree, practising sppartatly both as a phy-
sician and as apothecary, thou ugh the biographical hictionsries 3 oOBy
one another in saying as apothecary only. Ray, in the Preface to
the first volume of his ‘ apse Plantar (1686), alludes re “bit
as ‘‘D. Samuel Dale, Medicus et Pharmacopzus vicinus et fami
liaris noster, Branicio in Tesetia degens, qui libris diligenbee :
collatis Synonyma examinavit, errata correxit, et omissa supplevit,
preeterea an species per in incuriam aut festinati onem omissas
observavit, me commonefecit, ut ejus | ope Historia nostra aliquot
mendis Siren et Sa aucta si

_ This was only written about seven years after the return of the
great naturalist we his childhood’s home (1679); but Pulteney’s
surmise that “it is highly probable, that from their vicinity to
each other, Dale owed to Mr. Ray his attachment to natura

and twenty, and a careful comparison of the work of the teacher
and that oe the disciple i probably convince most people t that
the latter, confining his attention to a more limited field, reached
a far - gher pitch of critical accuracy of detail.
1688 Ray printed the small supplement to his ‘ —
JournaL or Borany.—Vou. 21. [Juny, 1883.]

194 SAMUEL DALE.

known as ‘ Fasciculus Stirpium Aaa alia post editum Plant-
arum Angliz Catalogum observatarum a Joanne Raio et ab amicis,’
which consists only of 27 pages. It cies several plants collected
by Dale in various parts of Essex, 2 he is again spoken 0
“* medicus et pharmacopeng, ” ¢.e. both as physician and apothecary.
In the Preface to the ‘ Synopsis Matodies Stirpium Britannicarnm’
(1690) he is styled ‘“« Pharmacopeus, Brantrie in Essexia Medi-
cinam faciens.’
In 1692 Dale sent to Plukenet a specimen of Malawis paludosa,

which was figured by the latter in his ‘ Phytographia’ (1691-2),
247, and in the same year commenced a series of 84 letters from
him to Ridatiewliak are extant (Sloane MSS. 4042), and extend
from June, 1692, to February, 1736,—and his contributions to the
‘ Philosophical Transactions, which are nine in number and occur
rom vol. to vol. xxxix., 4. e. r the same term “of years.
The first of these (Phil. Dana no. 197) consists of queries as to

‘‘ Entalia, Dentalia, Blatta byzantina, Purpura and Buccina of the
shops,” and his earlier letters to Sloane consist mainly of enquiries

is pati

more — for suggestions as to the various editions of the
‘Pharmacologia.’ This, Dale’s chief published work, first appeared
in Paleaiiig in 1693, ite full title sya a Dale Pharmaco.
logia, seu Seale, ad materiam medicam: in qua Medicamenta
Officinalia Simplicia, hoe est Mineral Vegetabilia, Animalia,
eorumque te in Medicine officinis usitata, in methodum natu-
ralem digesta succincte et aateeie describuntur. Cum notis
generum Characteristicis, Specierum Synonymis, ‘differentiis et
viribus. Opus Medicis, Philosophis, Pharmacopzis, Chirurgis
utilissimum.’ It is dedicated ‘‘ celeberrimo collegio Regali Mei
corum Londine sins! by the ‘ devotissimus autor,’ and w
perhaps the first systematic work on the subject. In the Prtase
he acknowledges the assistance of Ray, Sloane, Tancred Robinson,
Plukenet, — of the king’s garden, Dr. Martin Lister, F.R.5.,

oody, keeper of the Chelsea eer a James Newton, and

makes alo. ‘thi is importan

— Anglice scripte et lucem favente Numine, aliquando
ure ; taceo opuseulum hoe leviusculum et impolitum sed Tyron-
ibus haud inutile.
Thus it would seem that Dale, eS years the junior of Ray,
ei acaked Willughby (who died in 1672) as his disciple and
fellow-worker, a relation which sintnced en them for the
usar ahh i and twenty years (1679-1705) of Ray’s life.
Since there is a long review of the ‘ Pharmacologia’ in no. 204
of the ‘ Phiseoe hical ‘Transactions,’ published in October, 1698,
the work must we appeared earlier in the year; thus preceding
Dale’s three next communications to the Royal Society, which
belong to the same year. The first of these is ‘‘ An Account with
figures of three Saxon coins dug up at Honedon in Suffolk,” dated

SAMUEL DALE. 195

September, 1693, and appearing in Phil. Trans., no. 205, vol. xvii.,

he er number, p. “hi is a letter ‘froin Dale to John
Houghton on ‘‘ Bread made of neps in a scarce season,”’ that
of 1698, dated December 6th; er in no. 211, vol. xviii., p. 158,
is his account, in a letter, dated October 27th in the same year, to
Dr. William Briggs, M.D., F.R.S., of “the case of a woman who
laboured under an obstinate Jaundice, accompanied with that

aris ; in which vision is quite - ost after sun-set and gradually
eo as day-light comes again.”

No doubt at this period of his life Dale, in pursuit both of his

profession and of his hobby, closely connected as they then were,

often extending into Suffolk. This is testified by the records on
his authority in the two editions of Ray’s ‘ Synopsis,’ and by the
generally dated labels of his (Dale’s) Herbarium. In this there
are hardly any specimens earlier than the date of ‘the first edition
of the ‘ Pharmacologia,’ nor does it contain records of his visits to
London and more distant places prior to 1709. Like most botanists
of his time he did not confine his atte ntion to flowering plants,
and in the second sdition of the ‘ Syabeas’ (1696), in which Ray
speaks of him as ei Botanice scientia penitus imbutus, sepius
& me nec seni inudatus,” besides many other records, there is
a short ‘*fasciculus”’ of fungi, received from him after the work

ve be expected the sahrjen de in detail of the ‘ Historia Plantarum,’

in cri he ‘ Synopsis,’ suffered from gab ire
genie of view which itp us the ‘ Methodus.’ He was, more-
over, si ep is -two when the first edition of the ‘ ‘Symo psis ’ appeare ed,

he relied upon Dale

Black Notley, which is ‘but little more than a mile from Braintree,
and, as he says plainly on many of his admirable herbarium tickets,
Dale was able in many cases to show how plants had been not only
ea ecg or wrongly placed in the ‘ Historia,’ but often repeated
under two or three different names.

In Phil “het: no. 288, vol. xx., p. 91, is ‘An account of a
very large Hel, lately caught at Maldon i in husks: with some con-
siderations about the capac ge = Eels, by Mr. ale,” da’
March, 1698. In no. 249, vol. x 50, is ‘Part of a letter of
Mr. Dale from Braintree, fated Febrakey ‘ist, 1699, to Dr. Martin
Lister, Fellow of rs College of BF ewe sand R. §., concerning
_ several insects,” hich he sends ‘‘ Cervus yolans ” from Col-
chester, Scarabs, Cantharides, and Tisits WARN: and notes sea-mice

se ae * cochlew mari as observed at Harwich during the
preceding summer. It was | Debahly at this time (1698) that Dale
disvoweegth? the fossil shells of the Crag, for which, as he says in a
later work, he received due credit from Dr. Woodward, .

.

196 SAMUEL DALE.

Whether previously acquainted with Petiver or not, it is not
until after the visit of the latter with Buddle to Ray, in 1699 (Sloane
MSS. 4089, fol. 275), that the 24 letters to him from Dale,

which are preserved i in the Sloane collection oe MSS. 3322),
commence. The first of these, dated May , 1700, exhibits
that interest in the “ herborizings of the ate of Apothecaries
which appears in many ways in Dale’s life. It opens thus :—

‘‘Dear Pettiver, Hapnin upon the Orchis Anthropophora

O s Foe

I have sent you some against your herborizing day tom

The plants mentioned are Aceras anthropophora and C shee aranifera.

In another letter, dated October 28rd in the same year, is the

es reference to Ray’ s work at the third volume of the
“Mr. Ra

‘ Hist ay is now F denice Dr. Sherrard’s plants,
and if ek to communicate yours they _ be very acceptable to
ee My service to Dr. Sloan & uddle.

Tt was pr
Dale, especially after his teacher’s death, was Seiagit into such
close intercourse with London botanists. He may possibly have
had an earlier herbarium; but among the earliest in date o the
specimens now in the British Museum, some few of which go back
to 1692, are plants received from Dr. Edward Bulkley at Madras,
between 1701 and 1712, and from a eloras of Mr. DuBois, of
itcham, who was at Fort St. Ge eorge (i.e. Madras), in 1703.
After Ray’s death. and still Ais after the year 1710, he seems to
have visited London frequently, and the number of correspondents
whom he exchanged plants serra increase

hil. Trans. no. 291, vol. xxiv., p. 1568, is the letter to
Edward Lhwyd on the fossils in aeeik Cliff, dated February,
1703, in which Dale enumerates twenty- eight species of Mollusca,

0
the Crag at Bawdsey and elsewhere. Since the encroachment
of the sea has now removed all the Crag that then capped Harwich
Cliff, Dale’s observations possess more than a merely historical
interest, and have been duly made use of in the ‘ Memoirs of the
Geological Surve
From a letter from -him to Petiver, dated June 9th, 1703,
deterring e a visit of Compton to Ray, it is perhaps worth while to
quote the poten: sentence :—‘‘ The Bishop of London, in a visit
he did Mr. Ray the honour to give ae ae acquainted him that
Mr. Tournefort’s Corallarium was o England, and that
Mr. Newton’s Herball hath been alte site ablabed. ” The work
here alluded to was probably that ‘ Enchiridion Universale Plan-
tarum,’ of which, according to Dryander, only the first book was
printed (See Trimen & Dyer, ‘Flora of Middlesex,’ p. 889). With
reference to its author’s acquaintance with Ray, the following
herbarium-label of Dale’s, which probably refers to some time prior
to 1695, when Ray recorded the Secrets for Trifolium ornitho-
podioides in Gibson’s Camden, may be of interest: ‘‘ Fonum
grecum humile Acie Ornithopodi alicia brevibus erectis tak
Synop. iii. 331, .. Mr. Jos. Andrews gave me this speci-

SAMUEL DALE. 197

men, who found it. Mr. Newton, in company with Mr. Ray &
myself, shew’d it us on a sandy bank in Tolles- anf Essex.”

In 1704 appeared the last eee work of Ray’s life, the
he volume of the ‘ Historia,’ and in the Preface to it Dale, along
with Dr. Tancred Hoban and Tawar hwyd, is once more

thanked for his assistance, in the words: ‘‘hi sunt triumviri,
quibus in opere hoc locupletando peer e debitores sumus.’
Closely following the publication of this work come the

referring to the death of his illustrious friend and teacher. On
10th of January, 1704 (1705, New Style), he writes to the former :
** Last night I Mogg our worthy friend, Mr. Ray, and found him
so bad as not like to continue many days.’ Under date the 17th,
he writes: “ Lexerdiy: I was againe to visit our worthy good friend
Ray, whome I found alive and yt. was all, his sences being
fleeting and not well to s understood what he said’’; and two days
later ioe rites: “* The post by which I sent my letter of the 17th
ad not been got out of ned save a quarter of an. hour, before the
dolefull os expected tidings of the death of our good friend was
brought m

Sect m, whose life of Ray was aes based on informatio
furnished him by the widow and by Dale, says ‘all his gdliaions
of natural curiosities he bestowed on his friend and n eigh j

Mr. Samuel Dale, author of the ‘ Pharmacologia,’ to vim they
were delivered about a week before his death.”
On January 24th, Dale wrote to Sloane with reference to the
income (much less than the £60 annuity that died with the
uU k

‘‘siving an account of what manuscripts were left by Mr. John
Ray, together with some ‘ Anatomical Observations’ made at Padua

should complete the ‘ History of Insects’; but voc latter seems to
have measured w ell the limitation of his own powers. ‘I heartily
thank you,” he replies, on February 28rd, 1704, * for your good
opinion of my ability to perfect Mr. Ray’s ‘ Historia _Insectorum

must confess my inclination is good to serve Doth See widow and
the publick, but helieve this undertaking to be above my sphere.
Were it only to finish the English ‘ant I do not doubt but a
with your assistance to do it (being better acquainted with
Ray’s insects than any man), but the exotic part I cannot fashion,

it requiring more brains and time than I can give, nor am I master
ye so a" language as anything joyned to Mr. Ray’s would
G. 8. Bouncer.

(To be continued.)

198

NOTES ON RANUNCULUS FICARIA UL.
By Tuomas Hick, B.A., B.Sc.

Tue position Lape se _— plant by systematists has under-
one some variation from o time, but at present, by English
botanists at any rate, are aa to be a disposition to accord it
only specific, or at most subgeneric, rank.
By Dillenius and De Candolle it was regarded as constituting a
0

unds
this was done. ‘The Treasury of Botany,’ —- by Lindley &
Moore, contains a description of Ficaria as a s, distinguished
from Ranunculus ‘by its having 3 deciduous sepa instead o
persistent sonin and 9 petals instead of 5.’ ‘‘In all other gp, SE
the description goes on to say, “it is a true Crowfoot.”* In the
English edition of Le Maout & Decnians, it is stated, in the account
of the genus Ranunculus, that “ Ficaria has been ‘separated from

who however makes a separate i a for it, characterised, mainly,
by ‘the chiefly setiont ates. the 3-5 sepals, 8-12 petals ee
beakless achenes.

Perhaps, however, the most recent authoritative —— on
the position of Ficaria, is that contained in the ‘Genera Plan-
tarum’ of Bentham and Hooker, which it may be well to "quote —

Ficanta Dill. ex D. . ae. Veg. i. 304.—Species unica
Europea, ob s epala sepiu petala ow, et stylos pecaaieos a
Ranunculis es separata, = ststeailis hodiernis iterum cum

s ee ae ; characteres enim iidem in aliis pluribus species
occurrunt.

It would seem then that both by the older and later authorities
the number of sepals and petals, and the form of the carpels, have
been considered the chief points of difference between this plant
and the Ranunculi, and according as these were deemed sufficient
or insufficient for the purpose, it has been accorded or refused the
dignity of generic rank.

It would be extremely rash on my part to —— to decide a
matter on which the authorities referred to have greed, but
additional light -— perhaps be thrown upon it by a te account
of some other important differences, which, so far as I am aware,
have not been Bt Be yl described.

If a number of well-grown sp anes be collected and carefully
examined in the fresh oie, it will be found that, in spite of some
oe pom they all approximate more or less closely to

e type of organisation. The flowers are in every case terminal
eine. developed at the ébeein tips of the central axis and the

* Loe. cit, ale oe eo English Flora,’ vol. iii.
+ Loc. cit. p. 1 § ua ee Flora of the British Isles.’
|] § Genera Piantoruas 3 3.0,

NOTES ON RANUNCULUS FICARIA L. 199
successive lateral branches, as is the case with the Ranunculi
generally. But the leaves are in the main opposite, and not seldom,

o. Many i

from at one or more nodes of each individual plant, but a simple
application of the statistical method will show that opposition is
being

the prevailing leaf arrangement this paragraph was
written six specimens were collected quite at rando

there was a total of 839 nodes. Of these 28 bore opposite leaves,
single leaves being present at the remaining It sho
noted, however, that in these sp ens th $s with single
leaves were all on the peduncles of the flowers, the m em and
lateral ches in every case showing the opposite arrangement

a
seales, but in these the same arrangement may often be seen as is
met with in the ordinary leaves. Moreover in the young plants
just eeeictng from detached tubers, which as ae in the spring,
the same phenomena are demonstrable. In such plants the tuber
is often surmounted by two small opposite ae from between
which is continued the ae axis. At the first node on this axis
are a pair of opposite scales, followed by a pair of ordinary green
leaves, with long petioles, which are also opposite. Hence the
eget arrangement may be regarded as the normal one in
yee in which it differs conspicuously from

the ‘te species Soft the
Passing on to t a eer, eet ae reel important
difarenoes here also. The number of sepals and petals has already
been referred to, as having long ago TAB ie attention of
botanists, and as having received due consideration. But the

allowed. Aaa m this arrangement, as in the number, there is a
certain of individual variation ; Bat if we again apply the
statistical etal we shall find that in the great majority of —
the calyx an corolla are fundamentally ¢rimerous, and not pen

papa as are the other Ranunculi. In the majority of heclnats.
the outer envelopes of the flowers will be found constituted as
follows :— 1. A whorl of three pres civerene from the thalamus
mono he pet equal angles. 2. Alternating with the sepals, a By

j :

they are readily distinguishable. 8. An inner whorl of 5 petals.

Sot ices other geen are developed in addition to these, but

even when this is the the arrangement of the two whorls

mentioned is not srtaghaed ‘with, the extra ais aig within the
stamen

ifferent
other species, goes without saying. In these last the ta and
corolla are both pentamerous, and in no case that I have observed do
the five petals form sue than a single whorl. But in Ficaria the

~ 200 NOTES ON CARRUTHERSIA AND VOACANGA.

calyx and the first whorl of petals each consist of three parts only.
Moreover, if the second or inner whorl of petals be carefully
examined, it will be found difficult to resist the conviction that its
five parts have arisen by the modification of three. As a matter of
fact, one of the five is often obviously niger than the other four. The
our smaller petals form two pairs, and each pair occupies an angle
peooege ee of the outer petals, as shougli it represented a single
would appear then that, theoretically, the inner whorl
of Beis! ke the outer, consists of three parts, but that as a rule
two of these give place to four by a process of dédoublement, and
the number is increased to five. In confirmation of this view, it
may be stated that on rare occasions flowers have been met with
in which only one of the inner petals had been doubled, so that this
whorl only consisted of four r parts. On other rare occasions all

In these last cases the six parts were in three pairs, and the pairs
alternated with the three outer petals. When the number of petals
exceeds eight or nine, the extra ones are almost invariably within
the second whorl, as has been stated already.
Thus amid all the variations met with in the floral gate
of Ficaria, a definite and fundamental plan is more or less clearly
discernible, Of that plan the leading feature appears a ia a
trimerous arrangement, in which Ficaria differs not only from its
nearest allies, but also from the great bulk of dicotyledons. It
would seem then, that, in addition to the important differences

whorls.
ether with this ceserntdats ion of distin ctive characters,
Ficaria is entitled to regain its position as a genus, not,
this occasion, attempt to decide. It is clear, however, that in any ,
case the descriptions usually given of it will need to undergo
revision.

NOTES ON CARRUTHERSIA AND VOACANGA.
By R. A. Roure.

Tue genus Carruthersia was founded by Seemann, upon material
gathered at Port Kinnaird, Isle of Ovalau, a small island of the
hes pend = single species, C. scandens Seem., being well

red (Fl, Vit. p. 156, t. 30), at least as far as the flowering

lant. In
ag was added, Kopsia ? pilosa . Prodr., viii., p. 852, from
ilippines, with — ollowing note :—* Fructus in utraque
ipnotes, nam quod a Seemannio deseriptum versimiliter an plantam
alienam (Orchipedan oy pertinet.” This second species is well

NOTES ON CARRUTHERSIA AND VOACANGA. 201

known, with the exception of the fruit, and must now figure as

Carruthersia pilosa. wers are smaller, much more numerous,

and arranged in ge inal pani and the leaves very
e bundant material of Carruthersia scandens

lected by Mr. Horne, now been received at Kew, with flowers

)
and fruit im siti, which enables me to give the following description
of the fruit :—Follicles elongate, slender, terete, eae striate,
and minutely puberulous, 4-6 in. long, 2-24 lin. radually
tapering from middle to an sash point; seed pe we vell developed)
linear, subcompressed, 5 lin. long, coma of copious hairs, 1-1} in.
g M

forests, Viti Levu. Common in many other parts of Fiji.” It has
also been collected in ios Island of se ip Greeffe (no. 1587),
There is a specimen sent by Mr. Horne, of w the genus is un-
certain, as it only ses of a hei; a portion of stem, and a fruit.
The fo llicles are very divaricate and much —— than mo the

: es the
mountain forests near Koro Suli, Witt L vu. Tai uice white, yields
caoutchouc.” It may therefore prove diferent when more material
comes to hand.

The fruit i hae by Seemann has the structure of a
Melodinus, and most likely belongs to a specimen gathered by him
in the Island of Orelaa (n. 811), which he refers to M. sca
Forst. It is . ever different from that Species, and may be
described as follo

Melodinus vide ensis, sp. nov. (M. scandens Seem. FI. Vit.,
p. 155, non Forst.). Climbing; stem elabrous, striate. Leaves ovate-
lanceolate or oblong, obtuse; base attenuate to short siti
glabrous. Panicle lax; sepals ovate, penis? corolla not w
developed, but covered outside, as well as the pedicels, &c., as a
close cinereous scurfy tomentum. Island of Ovalau, Seemaien n. $11,

As this is the only spstias of Melodinus known from Fiji, and
gathered Hy Seethitis it is probable the fruit figured as Carruthersa
belongs to it, and has by some accident been transposed. M. scan-
dens Forst. differs in the subsessile leaves with subcordate biapea.
shorter pedicels, cit the broader, more obtuse se
h

ned
present time. In the ‘ Gctirs Piaitarast™ ne is doubtfully ng tare
abernemontana,—‘* Hue etiam verisimiliter referenda Voacan
Thou. Gen. Nov. Madagasc. 10, arbor Madagascariensis.” e
understood the oe rightly, =e described an additional species,
Com

Voacanga Dreget ey. (Comm. p. 189), but as no less than three
ener e since been soit upon this plant, no wonder the
genus should still pone ee tae The valuable collections
lately received fro r have done much to clear up the

om
mystery. The inaabaaigabir Mr. Baron has collected specimens,
both in flower and fruit, of what is unmistakably the _“
of Thouars, showing the structure to be identical Y ith that of

202 THREE NEW CHINESE BEGONIAS.

Orchipeda, a genus founded by Blume (Bijdr. p. 1026) in 1825, upon a
Javan plant. s latter name must therefore be superseded, which
will erage ae the following alterations in the nomencla
Voacanea THovarsi Som et Schult. Syst. Veg. IV. p. on.
- VY. Drece: E. Mey. Comm. p.
Annularia natalense Hochst. in Flora ere .P. 671.
_Piptolena Dregei A. DC. Prodr. VIII.
ae natalense Hochst. in Flora 1944, ?. 828.
VY. retipa Rolfe.
Dnehigiada fetida Bl. Bijdr. p. 1027.
VY. cranpiroii Rolfe.
Pootia grandifolia Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. II. p. 417.
Orchipeda grandifolia Miq. Ann. Mus. Bot. I. p. 816.

The following species probably do not belong to the genus at all :

Orchipeda sumatrana Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. Pa oe p. 558.
O. gracilipes Miq. Ann. Mus. Bot. I. p. 3

THREE NEW CHINESE BEGONIAS.
By H. F. Hanor, Ph.D., sant ey Memb. Associé R. Bot. Soc.
Belgi &e.
1. Begonia (ParviBEGonia) me rosa, sp. nov.—Caule horizon-
taliter repente, stipulis ovatis <caratana subglabris, foliis orbi-
culatis basi cordatis auriculis incumbentibus margine integerrimis

pallidioribus sque alveolatis et insuper « peeeeaay 8-6 poll.

sc. cir
filamenta paulo brevioribus, perigonii phyllis interioribus stamina
duplo superantibus roseis margine denticulatis, capsula breviter
pedicellata oblonga pendula circ. 7 lin. longa pallida leprosa
exalata indehiscenti 8-loculari septis extus sulco Shanicts notatis,
placentis bifidis, seminibus ellipsoideis cinnamomeis alveolatis.
umbra rupium, juxta pagum Sam-tin, secus fl. Lien-chau,
230 mill. - ss. a Cantone, d. 8 Oct. 1881, leg. rev. B. C. Henry
98.

Mr Cloke it Map appear that _ distinct species is only
allied amongst Indian ones to = “ ula Parish, from which
however it differs in WF taht charac

wl 2. Begonia (Euseconia) pheseah ula, sp. nov.—Rhizomate

stip
tuberoso minimo, stipulis parvis a aI Me conspicue fim-
to-laceris, folio unico radicali cordato-ovato acuminato basi
eequali y. subsquali inequaliter duplicato-serrato palmineryi

* Journ. Linn. Soc., xviii., 114.

NEW AUSTRALIAN ORCHIDS. 208

nervis subtus paulo prominulis supra sparsim hirtello subtus
minute lepidoto necnon precipue ad nervos hirto sepe purpureo-
pe. ad 24 iit cones petiolo limbo plus minus breviore hirto,
scapo grac tbe i oll.

omnibus petaloideis glaberrimis roseis, staminibus numerosis
breviter monadelphis antherarum obovoidearum connectivo haud
producto, fi. fem. perianthii foliolis 8 roseis petaloideis 2 majoribus
semicircularibus 38 lin. longis tertio minore angustiore, capsule

e superi plana inferiore sursum curvata 6-lin.

Sept. 1882, invenit rev. E. Faber (Herb. propr. no. 2211

The excellently dried specimens at my disposal have enabled me
to make a very careful examination of this pretty and delicate spe-
cies, the nearest ally of which I take to be B. parvuliflora A. DC.
Bro th Beatin nes (Puarycentrum, Kurtatycenrrum) circumlobata,
sp. —Caule repente radicante, stipulis scariosis subglabris
diate ADMIRER, foliis basi eequaliter cordatis circumscriptione
orbiculatis fere ad medium in lobos 7-8 SEO eximie acumi-

osse dentatos divisis supra opacis

— extus medio dense fulvo-hirsutis stamina 40-50 libera 4—5 plo

superantibus, capsula trialata 7 lin. alta as ae 6 lin. longa
margine superiore rectiusculo interiows cony

Secus fl. Lien-chau, prope pagum Sin. shi, 200 m. p. a

Cantone, d. 5 Oct. 1881, leg. rev. B. C. Henry (Herb. propr.
no. 22124.)
This is probably near B. laciniata Roxb. |, though much more
delicate, with non-oblique leaves, extremely like those of Acer
palmatum Thunb. y. sostsbilodiais C. Koch, i in shape.

NEW AUSTRALIAN ORCHIDS.*
By R. D. Frrzcrracp, F.L.S.

Cymbidium gomphocarpus, n. sp. — Pseudobulbs about
three inches long, Spee with imbricate acuminate brown negrap
eaves linear, thin, two feet or more long and about half a

wide. Peduncle chdiak' one foot long, aa Pedicels four fang seven

* (Mr. Fitzgerald has communicated types of these oma other Australian
Orchids to the Herbarium of the British Museum.—Ep. Journ. Bor.]

204 NEW AUSTRALIAN ORCHIDS.

lines long. Flowers in dense racemes of about twenty to thirty,
green tinged with olive; sepals and petals about six lines, oblong,
hardly ac dente: Labellum five lines, three-lobed ; lateral lobes acute,
about one third of the central lobe, which is obtus se and thick.
the centre of the disk is a depression, er nae pubescent at the
sides, and made cordate by a globular gland on the upper side.
Column hardly i, Sepe as club-shaped or almost terete,
not globular as in C. su
Chiloglottis liskira: sp. n.—Leaves two, sessile, oblong-

lanceolate, acute, about ten lines long and four broad. One-

owered. Scape about three inches. One large ees acute
bract below the ovary. Dorsal sepal spathulate, acuminate,
seven lines long, light red-brown tinged with green. Lateral sopalé
linear, about seven lines, acute, yellowish. lLabellum about five
lines, obovate, acute, on a broad claw. One large reflexed callus
near the base and about nine or ten other large flat calli along the
centre of the disk, surrounded by numerous small clavate slender

calli; the large e reflexed callus greenish, the others dark red-brown.
The labellum itself li ght red-brown. Petals of the same form and
colour as the labellum, except that the labellum is alone articulate

and the calli on the petals are hardly so fully developed as on the
labellum, and the labellum is slightly broader. Column shorter
than the petals, not much curved and but slightly winged aldlig its
whole length, the wing extending behind the anther into a deeply
four-toothed crest; anther with a short point. This is an interesting
species from the fact that the petals being formed with the pecu-
liarities of a labellum prove the correctness of the theory that the
labellum is a transformed petal. C. trilabra was obtained on
Mount York, in the Blue Mountains, oe S.W., and appears to be a
very aes species. It flowers in Mar

Cirrhopetalum clavigerum, sp. n Ne SOkeeping, rhizomes in
est of about three or four lines, covered with long hairs, especially
und the pseudobulbs, producing roots below the pseudobulbs and
‘itll ense patches. doepreey conical, from about six lines

to one inch six lines long, and about five lines to one inch broad,
deeply ribbed and furrowed. Leaves thick, oblong, pedicellate,
from three to six inches long, about one inch four lines broad;
scape from six to eight inches, slender. Bracts lanceolate, leafy.
Flowers six or seven, in a horizontal half-circle, on pedicels of ten

a ll acute bracts at their juncti Do P
hooded, acute, dull yellow, spotted in parts with purple, about four
lines long and four broad, terminated in a clava fou

of their length nearly to the ends, about one inch and a half long
and three lines broad, acute, yellowish. Petals Saceactaie, ciliate,
purplish. Labellum thick, lmgulate, much curved, articulate on
the basal projection of the column Wings of the column recurved
at the anther, acute. The Cirrhopetalin which —. nearest
this species, as far as I am aware, is C. Thouarsii Lindle

. clavigerum was obtained at cate York, Northern Aautentin, and
flowers in January.

ON THE FLORA OF INNISHOWEN, CO. DONEGAL. 205

Bolbophyllum punctatum, sp.n.—The description of Cirrho-
petalum clavigerum is equally applicable to this plant, wi

at ai ase of the sca lower - large, dull yellow spotted with
red-brown. Sepals lanceolate, thick, about ten lines bone and four
road. Petals lanceolate, not so thick as the sepals, about eight

channelled at the base, contracted in the centre, blunt, curved,
agree on the basal ‘projection of the column. Column short,

two prominent teeth. This 4 is also from Cape York,
Rope: Australia, and flowers in Janu

ON THE FLORA OF INNISHOWEN, CO. DONEGAL.
y H. C. Hart, B.A.
(Continued from p, 174).

Ligusticum scoticnm Li.—Rocks at Norvanny Point, parish of
Clonmany, Cyb. Hib. Innishowen Head, Culdaff and Giveney,
Dickie. Besides the above stations I have seen it at Malin He: or
and in several places from the signal tower round to Malin ;

Dunaff Head and along the cliffs of Erris and Leenane; ee

ne.

Crithmum maritimum L.—Cliffs at Knockglass, Malin, Dickie ;

at Malin Head, on the point a little west of signal-tower, in

oe couple of places. Scarce in Innishowen, and puna so in
one

Magali sylvestris L. Heracleum Sphondylium L.

L.—Abundant. Dickie oat the variety D.
maritimus from several places.
sang Anthriscus Gertn.— Frequent in the more cultivated
district
* Seandiz Pecten-Veneris Lu. — Rare, W. E. H. An uncertain
colonist.

‘a: ow sylvestris Hoffm.—Local, W.E.H. Near Buncrana;
4. vulgaris Pers.—Casually and sparingly at toa W. BH,
M, yrrhis odorata Scop.—At the village of Buncra

Conium maculatum L.—Rare at Culdaff , Dickie.

Smyrnium Olusatrwn L.—Local, W. E. H. About Buncrana, on
the west see where it becomes rare.

He Helix L..—Abundant.

i tad nigra Li.—Local, W. E. H. Hardly native in the
strict.

Lonicera Periclymenum L.—Abundant.
Sherardia arvensis
Asperula odorata L ,—Local, W. K. H.

206 ON THE FLORA OF INNISHOWEN, CO. DONEGAL.

—— — L. G. verum L.
G. saxatile L. cabana On the summit of Slieve Snacht,
2019 eae:

Valeriana officinalis L.—Frequent, W. E. H.

Valerianella olitoria Moench.—About Pn ip W. E. H.; at
Innishowen Head, and between Buncrana an an, in its native
diminutive form, as I have seen it elsewhere on sandy ground near

; on Inch.

Scabiosa Succisa L.—Abun

Eupatorium cannabinum 1, Local, W. E. H. _Innishowen
Head, Glennagiveney, and Knockglass, Dickie ; . ae west of
Malin ; at the south end of Pollan Bay on to Bin

Petasites vulgaris Desf. ot uncommon, sipocally in the
southern part of Tumiuhiowst, about Inch, &¢.; by the shore at the
southern end of Pollan Bay; about Carndonagh ; ; at Ardm

orth.
Tusstlago Farfara L
Aster Tripolium Li. __Estuary at Culdaff; a little west of Malin
Head ; not unfrequent.
Bellis perennis Li. Solidago Virga-aurea L.
Pulicaria dysenterica Gertn.—Leenane, Lough on I have
not met ier this plant elsewhere in northern Donegal.
Bidens tripartita L.—Marshes =A me in Well, "Dickie ; muddy
ground by the shore at Ardmalin
Achillea Ptarmica L. — Very Protea a characteristic plant of
rege At 700 feet by — Inn.
A, ge og L.—Com
atricaria inodora Li, oa Var. maritima is also frequent
on the Soha
Chrysanthemum Leucanthenum L.—Frequent.
C. segetum L.—Abundant. This plant was remarkably common
in the year 1882 in various parts of Ireland.
rtemisia vulgaris L.
Tanacetum vulgare L.—Local, W. EB. H. Knockglass, at Malin,
Dickie ; ; about Fahan and Carrowkeel.
Apargia hispida Willd.—Malin, &c., Dickie. I have not met
with this plant in Donegal.
Leontodon Taraxacum Li. Sonchus oleraceus L. 8S. asper Hoffm.
S. arvensis
[Crepis ane L.—Probably occurs, but I can find no record of
it in my notes. |
paludosa Meench.—Bulbein Mt.; Glennagiveney.
Hieracium Pilosella L.
H. icum Fries.—Crockaughrim, Coolcross and Bulbein Mts.
Proqunt in the mrp ewites parts of Donegal, and coming very
near H. iricum upon Coo
[H. murorum L.— his . ipedies is very scarce in Donegal, and
some of the gp osntey already recorded may belong to the following
most variable f Typie . murorum grows opposite Innis-
howen, on the Salis hills of Ben Evenagh, on the Derry side of
Lough Foyle.]

ON THE FLORA OF INNISHOWEN, CO. DONEGAL. 207

H. vulgatum Fries. oe and Cooleross, where the
form H. gothicum also occurs.
H. crocatum Fries. cates banks above the sea ee east from
Glennagiveney. The species was determined by Ba
. obelia Dortmanna L.—Lough Naminn and Lew: Fad in the
int

- spc
astone eons L.—Common, especially in the northern part
of the distri
Snes rotundifolia L.
Arctostaphylos Uva-ursit Spr. — Abundant at the sou cori
rare g of the Erris Mountains, between Dunree and the t
a

oe 0 vulgaris Salisb.; Erica cinerea L.; E. Tetralia L.—
Abunda E. cinerea rises to 1540 feet on Slieve Snacht. F.
Tetralie 46 1150 feet. Calluna vulgaris to the summit of Slieve
Snacht, 2019 feet.

Pyrola media Sm.— Mentiagh Glen, Cyb. Hib. Glen near
Carrowkeel, W. E. H.

Vaccinium Myrtillus L.—Abundant. At the summit of Slieve
Snacht, 2019 feet.

. Vitis-idea L. eee Mount. Slieve Snacht and Slieve
Main, from 1420 to 1550 fee
lex Aquifolium L. ae in thickets and mountainous
situations, as at Crockaughrim and at the Mintiaghs.
*Ligustrum vulgare L,—Established along the railway a
raxinus excelsior L.—Not common. Apparently ee eek
Goorey, west of Malin.
rythrea Centaurium Pers

Gentiana campestris L.—Plentiful on dry pastures in the neigh-
ee of the “oe especially northwards, as on Doagh Island
alin Hea

gp eee irifoliata L.
Convolwulus arvensis L.—Very rare in Donegal. Between Moville
and Greencastle, and at Stroove, W. E..H. Sandy banks on the
inner side of Leenane, Lough Swilly ; Inch Road.

. sepium L.—Common. The pink eaeds a _— Moville
and elsewhere. W. EH. Hart has noticed that the e pink the
flowers the narrower the leaves become, and he fice me some
leaves remarkably hastate,—reduced almost to three linear lobes.

ycopsis arvensis L.—Local, W. E. H. Leenane; between
aicmcaen Head and Greencastle ; Culdaff; Ardmalin ; near the
R. C. Chapel, west of Malin and at t Ardmalin South on the west
side of Malin Head; Doagh Island.
_ Symphytum officinale L.— White variety at Glen Giveny, Innis-
howen, and also at Malin Well,’”’ Dickie.

[ Borago afloat L.—By the railway at Fahan, an escape from
cultivation.

Mertensia maritima Don.—-In small quantity on the strand below
Ardmalin Cottage ; very plentiful on the stony — a =
coastguard station. These stations are both on north-east fac
of Malin Head. On the west side it grows esha in ban lcs

208 ON THE FLORA OF INNISHOWEN, CO. DONEGAL.

about a mile and a half from the Signal tower. Elsewhere in
Donegal I aad nes with this rare and handsome plant on nly in
Ross, In the ‘ Cybele Hibernica’ is a record for this species,
~ Point of Eee Donegal,” which is in ties wen

Myosotis repens Don.—Near Ardmalin Cottage.

M. ohio Schultz — especially about Ardmalin.

M.a ff M. versi ;

Tees niger Li.—One pina at Greencastle, W. E. H.]

Solanum Dulcamara L.-—Walls of Derry, Dr. Moore, Ord. Surv.

t.

E Cadhanche Hedere Duby.—Very rare in the north of Ireland,
and I was glad to find a second locality on the ivy rocks above
Goorey School Hotes, west of Malin. The only ie habitat in
the north of Ireland is on the west shores of taank ;

+Verbascum Thapsus L. Railway banks at Fahan, ere it was
first shown me by Dean Gwyn

Digitalis purpurea L. Sephistaos nodosa

Serophularia aquatica L, — Plentiful in ditches by the railway
and near it about Inch Road, Burnfoot, Bridgend, &c., along the
river. This species is not socommon as I at one time supposed it
to be. It is, however, plentiful at Ramullan as formerly recorded.
It isa Bl: commoner species in the south of Irelan

yrum pratense L.—Glengad Head; woods about Carn-
ees Ee atinghy distributed,

Pedicularis palustris L. sylvatica L.

Rhinanthus Crista-galli L. eae At 850 ae on Coolcross.

artsia viscosa L.—An ace asia of the range of this species in
ape has been given at p. 4

Euphrasia officinalis L. — Abundant and very variable. A
sotiarknhle form has been gathered upon Innistrahull.

FE. Odontites L.

Veronica ser. Ades L Trg W.E.H

V. Anagallis L.—Frequent, W. B. _ italia estuary, and
oy Na

bunga L.—Very common. In ditches about Carndonagh
this ane ‘takes the place of Helosciadium nodiflorum.
. Chamedrys Li. _‘V. officinalis L.

y. pate L.—About Derry, W. E. H. Scarce in Donegal.

V. arvensis L. V. agrestis L.

ng ae raja L.—Kilderry garden, near Muff. In many places
from east to west of Donegal this has become the commonest
garden weed. LExcept in gardens I have not met with it.

Mentha ie L. M. arvensis L.

{M. piperita Sm.—By the old road near Muff, in Derry, D. M. .
I saw what T believe oi be this species by the side of an old road
between the Scalp and Inch Road Station, but I have not examined
it satisfactorily.

Thymus Serpyllum L.—Abundant.

Calamintha Chnbpidiuin Benth.—On the west bank of the Foyle,
age sonionierty. sparingly, Cyb. Hib. One of the rarest plants
in

ASPLENIUM GERMANICUM WEISS. IN HONGKONG. 909

Prunella vulgaris L. Nepeta Glechoma Benth.
Lamium amplexicaule L.—Ardmalin; at Ardmalin South, on
the west side of Malin Head ; reg Island; Inch Islan
L. intermedium Fries. —Doagh I sland and at Ardmalin South,
on the west side of Malin Head, in company with the following :—
L. incisum Willd.—Stroove ; st ut Malin, &c., not unfrequent.
tL. albu Rog oe Kilde a. H.

L. purpureum L.—F reque
ge Tetrahit L. spac ndant.
sicolor Curt.—Leenane, and between that and Bulbein,
&e. ; eee the Seaip and Tok Road ; frequent, W. E. H. |

(To be continued.)

ASPLENIUM GERMANICUM Weiss. IN HONGKONG.
By F. B. Forsss, F.L.§S.

I am able to note a small but interesting addition to the

ecorded flora of Hongkong. In 1874, a collection of plants of
that island wai made for me by a Ohtheas. engaged Ne de Mr.
Ford, Superintendent of the Hongkong Government Gar In
laying out the specimens into my herbarium, I Sipeiangiod ‘from
some roots of Drymoglossum carnosum Hook., a small fern, which
was submitted to Mr. Baker in 1876, and pronounced by him to be
Asplenium germanicum Weiss. On my return ina I communi-
cated the specimen to Dr. Hance, who confirmed the pene erm it
adding that he was quite ignorant of the occurrence of the plan
in Hongkong, nor am I aware that it has been again atau
there.

e geographical distribution of this little fern, as given by
Milde, ‘ is throughout most mountainous regions of Europe; in
Germany, Belgium, the Vosges and Jura Mountains, Switzerland,
France, Portugal, En gland, gre and Scandina rarer
chalk formations ; wanting in nearly all Russia, the Uatcaatin in
Asia, ae and Ameri rica

There is, however in the Kew Herbarium a specimen of 4.
germanicio, ._gathered by the late Dr. Stewart in the ir fart
Chumba territory (Western Himalayas), at an elevation of 6,00
feet Shave t sea level. Mr, Baker kindly drew my attention to this
eee whic h, by some oversight, was not mentioned

- Clarke in his Review of the Ferns of Northern India. The

pala of the fern is thus found to extend from the extreme west of
Europe to the eastern Asiatic coast, although, as Mr. Baker informs
me, it nowhere occurs plentifully in European countries, while it
would seem to be still rarer in Asia

~ on Europ. et ees
ns. Linn. S c (Bot, ort i., part vii.

210 A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS SELAGINELLA.

Mil loc. cit.) quotes, only to decide against them, t
rene that t this species is a hybrid, between A. septen i ional

TAS A, septentrion tionale and A. Trichom The two latter ferns
both se in Northern India,* but me: one se the three supposed
progenitors of A. germanicum has, to my pga been yet

eaeaal from either Hongkong or South Chin

A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS SELAGINELLA
yx J. G. Baxer, F.RB.S., &c.
(Continued from p, 145).

58. S. azorieca, n. sp.—Stems trailing, rooting nearly up to the
tip, continuous, ye in. long, with several short slightly compound

branches. Leaves of the lower plane contiguous on the branches,
oblique oblong, aaa equilateral, acute, 4 in. long, rounded at the
base, serrulate from base to apex along both margins, moderately

in texture, bright green; leaves of the upper plane much
imbricated, more than half a s long as the others, oblique oblong-
lanceolate, cordate on the outer side at the base. Spikes not yet

Hab. Mountains of the au Ar ruda Furtado! Lately

strongly ee and much imbricated over the stem on the upper
side at ase ; leaves of the upper plane a third as long, sb ents
little seaweed: Spikes }-} in. long, 1 lin. diam., not regularly
square ; bracts lanceolate-deltoid, a line long

Hab. Cape, Thunberg, Menzies! Ovikhige Free State, Com
Natal, McKen! This is quite nae from the European S. d
culata, with which Spring combines

60. 8. habit Spring Mon. ii. “Ot. — Stems trailing, cespi-

se, 8-6 in. long, pale straw-coloured, terete below, flat on the
faces inpiousila: ara ae branched, ‘the flabellately compound
branches under a. n inch long. Leaves of the lower plane ovate,
e

wn
Hab. Central Madagascar, near Antananarivo, Goudot. This
* C. B. Clarke, l. c. pp. 477, 478.

A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS SELAGINELLA. 911

has not been found yet by our English collectors, who have

gathered about 200 vascular cryptogams in Central Madagascar.

toides Hook & Stems slender, trailing, pale straw-coloured,
at he faces, copiously pinnately branched, the branches
copiously flabellately co Leaves of lower plane ascending,
crowded, lanceolate, acute, 1- pea to 1-8th in. long, moderately
firm in texture, right green re produced on the Big ah side of
the distinct midrib, rae ‘ iiiated near the base on the uppe r
side, where it is cordate and so mu ch imbricated over eke bran

that the latter i is quite RE leaves of the Taps plane a third a as
long, oblong, acute, much imbricated. Spikes square, +-4 in. long,
diam.; bracts crowded, ovate- anceclaye strongly keeled.

Hab. Seychelles, Madagascar, Johanna Islan , and Guinea.

S. amphirrhizos, A. Br., from Johann a Toland, Hildebrandt 1808,

seems to be a luxuriant Pots of this species. The Seychelles. plant

has shorter, paler, less lanceolate leaves than the Madagascar

type.

62. 8S. surcunosa Spring Mon. ii. 147.—Stems wide-irailing,
pale straw-coloured, irregularly angled, a foot long, copiously
pinnately penne the short cuneate branches copiously flabel-
lately compound, Leaves of the lower plane crowded, lanceolate,
very care 1 12th to 1-8th in. long, fir rm in salty bright green,
nearly equal on both sides of the distinct midrib, shortly ciliated
through the ae half of the upper edge, which is a little produced
at the base, and imbricated over the branch; leaves of upper plane
a third as long, oblique oblong, with a long cusp, much imbricated.
Spikes unknown.

. Mountains of Bourbon, Dr. J. B. Balfour! May be a
variety of S. concinna, from which it differs by its narrower, acute,
neary equilateral leaves

3. 5. concinn Sprin ring Mon. ii. 199; Lycopodium concinnum
on ; L. pectinatum Lam., ex parte; L. apiculatum, sinuosum
and sparsifolium, Desv.—Stems trailing, reaching a foot or more in
length, subterete, often forked low down, copiously pinnately
ene the lower branches cuneate and oe

und. Leaves
Gena tana 1-12th to 1-8th in. long, subacute, bright green,
glossy, rigid in texture, more produced on the upper side of the
distinct midrib, the base on the upper side shortly rigidly ciliated,
and so much dilated that the branch is quite hidden ; leaves of the
upper plane a third as long, oblique oblong, with a long cusp,
much imbricated. Spikes 4-1 in. long, ee 1 lin. diam. ; bracts
ovate, cuspidate, crowded, strongly kee
Hab. Mountains of the Mascaren Talend especially Mauritius ;
Spring’s sNeilgherry and Ceylon specimens are clearly both S. pluwmosa.
I cannot separate S. serrulata Spring Mon. i. 302 (Lycopodium
ser
ars re te tuarum Baker, Fl. Maurit. 528.—Stems slender,
trailing, Ae a : foot long, bisuleate on the face, lengthened out am.
whip-like at the end, forked low down, pinnately branched, wi

912 A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS SELAGINELLA.

prea or rather ascending, contiguous on is branchlets,
Epbsed < on the oy ieee oblong- lanceolate, 1-12th to 1-8th in. long,
acute, pale n, modera rm in texture, more rounded on the

ecle
eye, Horne 157!
65. 8. cupREssINA Spring’ Mon . 118, ex parte.—Stems trail-
ing, quadrangular, 8-12 in. long, Seloate on the face, the main
anching pyramidal, the secondary pinnate, with the ends often
desuitent, the branches ebuecdtit and beer Leaves of the
lower plane crowded, oblong-lanceolate, subfalcate, a line long
light green, the two sides nearly equally rounded at the base, the
upper sometimes obscurely ciliated, the midrib sulcate so as to
pair double ; leaves of upper plane half as long, oblong or ovate,
usp oa Spikes square, }-4 in. long; bracts ‘vais acutely

Hab. Bourbon. The Asiatic plant placed here ie eg is
S. biformis A, Br. sae is doubtfully serail from S

66. 8S. RODRIGUESIA A Baker, Fl. hist 528. cee “trailing,
slender, pale straw- sloeeeds bisuleate on Ge face, reaching a foot
in Sorgen often forked low wir are pinnately branched,

with short cuneate branches, t with 5-7 branchlets.
Leaves of ay lower plane petty we deleted, oblong, obtuse,
1-12th to 1-8th in. long, bright green, not so firm in texture as

S. con tole, more produced on the upper side of the distinct midrib,

ing, oblong, obtuse, bright green, yr in texture, flat, at most
- in i

of the upper plane very small, spaced, ovate, erect, not cuspidate.
ee very short; bracts ovate, acute, strongly keeled, 4 lin.

Hab. Eastern ee near Monte Verde, C. Wright 942! A near
ally of S. Homalie
68. S. Homan A. Br. in Crypt. New Gran. 358. BF coe! very
ae eos trailing, angled on the back, much in
8-6 in. long, with ascending, distant, mostly simple pec

SHORT NOTES. 218

Leaves of the lower ne close or slightly spaced, spreading,
oblong, obtuse, 1-12th in. long, bright green, moderately firm in
texture, the distinct midrib nearly central, the upp: sie oa
and cordate at the base, and imbricated over the branch ; leaves of
the lower plane a quarter as long, broad, ovate, pri i es
short, square, 4 lin. diam.; bracts ovate, cuspidate, strongly keeled.

. Cataracts of Jaru uma and Panuré, Upper Amazon,
Spruce 2584! 2941! Trail 1487! A near ally of S. jungerman-
nioides.

(To be continued.)

SHORT NOTES.

Tae Dare or Puuxener’s ‘ Payr OGRAPHIA, "—In my ‘Karly
Kuropean Researches into the Flora of China,’ I have pointed out

Journal for 1882 (p. 840), Mr. Jackson fdleois wales 5 ties the third
volume of Plukenet': s iconographical work appeared in 1692. But
this at any rate must be a mistake. Plukenet described Cunning-
— 8 "ae in the ‘Amaltheum,’ which was issued in 1705, —
each engraving in the ‘Phytographia’ is referred
' ra ni vores no reference to the ‘ Phytogra phia’ is foanh
in the ‘ Amaltheum,’ there can be no doubt that the sconingel eae
work, the third shane at least, was brought out subsequently to
1705.—KH. Brerscunemer.
(I think that Dr. Bretschneider must be under some
apprehension here; possibly caused bs the copy of Plakenet’s 8
My used by him having all the plates bound up in one series.

plate. shed by the age
1696, followed by the ‘ Mantioes” in 1700, with plates 329 ‘8 , 850.
rsa in 1705 the ‘ Amaltheum ’ came out, having plates 351 to

914 SHORT NOTES.

TRAGALUS HYPOGLOTTIs In SourH Brps.—I last month found _
this plant growing plentifully on the Warden Hills, about three miles
north of Luton. The subsoil is chalky, and the old Roman road,
the Icknield Way, runs at the base of the hills. It grew in
company with Senecio campestris, Orchis ustulata, and Koeleria
cristata. —J. SAuNDERS.

Ranunoutus Drovern Schultz., is Worcrsrersuire.—This
plant, hitherto unrecorded for Worcestershire, I have just met
with at Leigh Sinton, near Malvern, growing with R. floribundus
Bab., in one of the old marl pits so common in the neighbourhood.
sine TownDRow

R 1v Norra Devon.—Professor C. C.
Babington has thus named a plant I sent him at the end of May
from a muddy lane across a moor in Bridgerule, on the Devon side
of the Upper Tamar. It is, I see, identical with a plant I found
on a hillside near Okehampton.—W. Moytz Rocrrs.

_ Fissmens rurutus Schpr.—I gathered this moss in two
localities widely apart in Bolton Woods, West Yorkshire, on the
26th of last March; it grew in rather dense tufts on rocks in the
River arfe, associated with Amblystegium fluviatile Swartz,
Cinclidotus fontinaloides Hedw., Barbula spadicea Mitt., and the
river form of Grimmia apocarpa L. The plants were packed
with rock débris, in a similar way to what obtains in the acuminate
variety of Andreea petrophila Khrh., only the débris was coarser,
though hardly so coarse as Dichodontum flavescens Dicks. and
Atrichum crispum James love to revel in. The rocks it grew upon

Schpr., in one place on grit and in the other on limestone.

packets as I’, crassipes Wils., but my eagle-eyed friend Ws
of Penzance, recognised it at once, and informed me my
mist F. crassipes Wils., has larger cells than FI. rufulus

should think it will mature fruit in late autumn.

215

NOTICES OF BOOKS.

Handbook to the Ferns of British India, Ceylon, and the Mal
eninsula. By Col. R.H. Beppome, F.L.S., late Conservator ‘of
Forests, Madras. With 300 illustrations. Calcutta : Thacker,
a & Co.; London: Thacker & Co., 1883. Bro. pp. xiv.

A nanpsoox of Indian ferns in a compact foes and at a mode-
rate price has been much wanted, and no one has ever had a more
hen and practical acquaintance with these plants than Colonel
Beddome. His official work for the last thirty years had caused

i i ; rn India

tinuation of Wight’s ‘Icones,’ that fill the same place for Indian
ferns that ‘English Botany’ does for our ayy flora. His ‘ Ferns
of Southern India and Ceylon,’ which was issued in parts and
completed in 1868, contains plates of O71 ‘ott and varieties.
His ‘ Ferns of British In dia,’ in two volumes, which was completed

within 0 area covered by the first volume
Supplement, which was published in 1876, he gives plates of 45
additional species, car e whole series to 660 plates, and a

revised enumeration and classification of the whole. These were
all brought out whilst he was still in India. He has now retired
from his official po osition - returned to England, and has spent

isur

The area covered is oes the same as that inaluded in the
‘Flora of British India,’ by Sir J. D. Hooker, and within its
bounds are found about sesnby ive per cent. of all the known

fe

Species. In no departmen Aga totany is ae synonymy more

extensive and intricate ale ne have more bad species been
ad a comparatively resent date cake all that had

st written about In s by authors who had never

has mainly been gained in Southern India, and who, after a
leisurely comparison at fata of his own collections with the types

216 NOTICES OF BOOKS.

of Wallich, Hooker, Blume and others in the London herbaria,
has again reversed the whole list. The difference in the number
of species which he admits, as compared with Mr. Clarke’s list and
the ‘Synopsis Filicum,’ is not so great as that between —
British floras. It is not likely that many new species 0
ferns will be discovered, and the species have now been e
conte aed sifted that the list as it now stands will probably not

materially modified by further research. Colonel Beddome
fie Presl, J. Smith, and Moore, in using genera founded often
on differences of veining alone. His apne qeaioa are: as might be
expected, a great improvement upon his earlier w

Rel 2 Pak «©

Dr. L, Rabenhorst. Kryptogamen Flora von Deutschland, CEsterreich,
und Schweitz. “weiter Band. Die Meersalgen von
etact Hanck. Leipzig, 1883.
Few algologists have such advantages as Dr. Hanck for carrying
out the work he has undertaken. Residing, as he does, close to

charter ae to give all that is iawn of the life-history of the
rine Algw. Of the three parts already issued, the first contains

a a copter giving directions for collecting, examining and mounting
e Algw, followed by another explaining the various terms

wed i in relation to their reproductive organs. This chapter is parti-
cularly lucid and concise. Then follows a scheme of classification.
Dr. Hanck divides seaweed into four groups, according to the colour
of the endochrome, viz., Rhodophycea, Pheophycea, Chlorophycee,
and Oydnphigeaa: The characters of each family follow, with a
list of the genera included in each, the generic descriptions being
subsequently given under ii respective heads. The arrange-
ment af the families and genera differs but little from that adopted

in recent floras, such as Farlow’s ‘ Marine Alge of New England,’
or Le Jolis’ ‘ Liste des Algues Marines de Cherbourg,’ and fairly

nemiacee and Catenella in solitae, but differs from him regarding
the position of Gloisiphonia, which he has arranged in the Cerami-
acee, between which and Cryptonemiacee it obviously forms a _—
The genus ee is distributed as fo llows :—C. (Cha
ransia) virgatulum, C. Qeaeteny reves Turneri and C. (Mon na
pedicellatum are atid n the Wrangeliacea, C. Snot Rothit,
C. (Antithamnion) plana, C. (Antitha a ja and
C. i eae setae Borreri being aa wit b the vation Ca ill
n Ceramiacee. C. pluma is not referred to Ptilotham-
me aichourh it wockd appear . yes as much claim to a generic
rank as Pleonosporium. In most cases mention made of the
fructification being unknown ec: this is the case, but it is not
surprising to find that in a few instances the recorded fructifi-

=

ARTICLES IN JOURNALS. 217

cation has been overlooked, Lom the literature of ge subject
is scattered in so many differen t publications, som of cakorg h

those of the former being tripartite and thos the latter zonate.
It must, however Pits been throng gh i oad eeionie that the cr crypto-

ce are described and figured in Harvey’s ‘ Phycologia Britannica.’
It is not ae to agree with the author in giving Spheroccocus
nic a synonym of Phyllophora palmettoides, as
very slight abe. of the Mediterranean has probably prevented er
from observing the habit of growth of these species, which are foun

at extreme low-water mark in this country. The former hasa fliforma

he latter

ing from ontinuous spreading disk, from which numerous
aliaely picked: sieihy ari e fra s are always incurved at the
margins, so that the tuft resembles a rose with expanded petals.
niceensis has perfectly flat fronds, and its fructification i is correctly
figure by Rutzing, while the tetrasporic nemathecia of P. palmet-
toides are illustrated by Harvey in the Phye. Brit., tab. ccex., figs. 1, 2.
The work is illustrated with numerous zinc engravings, representing
the plants as seen under the microscope, one or more being given
in each genus. There are also five lates: illustrating various
species of Lithothamnion and allied genera, printed by the alberto-
type process, which give a tolerably good idea of the appearance

of these singular Alge.
The flora promises to be egies ay! valuable to British algo-
logists who can read German, si it includes not only the

hos
oes approaches in em points to that of Britain. Indeed
it may serve as a guide to the species likely to be found in this
country, since many Scandinavian species have been found on the

character of the habitat of nl species been indicated, to-
gether with the time of fructifica In any case, however, it
will be valuable as a standard ame of reference to British algo-
logists until a new edition of the marine flora of this country is
issued. K. M. H.
ARTICLES IN JOURNALS.—JUNE.

American Naturalist.—W. W. Bailey, ‘ Mosses.’—J. E. Todd,
‘Note on Tradescantia virginica.’

Botanical Gazette ( May).— J. H. Bailey, ‘ Jacob a, gate "EK.
A. Rau, ‘A New Phallus’ (Phas togatus Kalchb.: 1 plate).—
W. G. Farlow, ‘Notes on Fresh-water Alge.’

218 ARTICLES IN JOURNALS.

Botanische Zeitung (May 25). —H. Hoffman, ‘ Culturversuche
aber % Veni iation’ (concluded). une 1.)—-F. Tschaplowitz, ‘ Gibt
es ein Transpirations-Optimu

Bull. , Soc. Bot. France taste pos a fe gndad part 4).—
Vallot, ‘Btude sur la Flore du Sénégal’ (con .—C. Richon ‘ Bas
le Vibrissen Ba he et vs Godronia BAe ae (1 plate). >
Gérard, l’Oxalate de Chaux concrétionné chez le --

_ G. Gautier, “E. oc ntade an nd EK. Ti mba l-Lagrave, ‘ Plantes
adventives dans les Corbiéres.—G. Bonnier, ‘Sur la présence
normale des bractées ied Vridoroaeantes des Cruciféres.’—J.

D’Arbaumont, ‘ Sur les ramifications de la tige des Ampelidées.’—
P. Van Tieghem, ‘Sur quelques points de l’anatomie des Cucur-_
bitacées.’—M. Battandicn r, ‘Contributions 4 = Flore des environs
a’ Alger’ (Lathyrus Allardi, sp. n.).

Gardeners’ Chronicle (June 2).—Rodriguezia luteola N. KE. Bro
sp. n.—J. G. Baker, ‘Species of Tulipa’ (contd.).—J. Horsefield
‘ Wild Blowers. on Wilts Downs.’ : Last of Garden Soest (Sera-

- Oncidium saltabundum Rehb. f. sp. n.—N. E. "StL, ‘ The
Genera Paslakon une 16). G. Maw, ee Philadelphus
mexicanus (fig. 123), Ixiolirion tataricum (fig. 125), Odontoglossum
polyanthum (fig. 126), Cyclobothra pulchella (fig. 127). ‘ List of Garden
Orchids’ (Pleuranthium, cerium, Isochilus, Ponera, Hartwegia).-——
June 23). Masdevallia Carderi Rehb. f., sp.n. M. tridactylites
chb. f., <P. n.—J.G. Baker, ‘ Species of Tulipa’ (contd. : T’. Elwesit,
T. cruciata, spp. nn.). Cypripedium pubescens (fig, 128). Othonna
cheirifolia | (fig. 139). Polemonium Richardsonii (fig. 181). — J. RB.
Jackson, ‘ Tea and its Substitutes.’

rnal of Linnean Society Sots no. “cme: —— 6).—J. G. Baker,
‘ Centtitactions to Flora of Madaga : pt. iii. Incomplete, Mono-

—W. B. Hem msley, ‘On the Syacieyeiay of Did Didymoplexis, at the
elongation of pedicels of D. pallens after flowering ’ C pla

G. Murray, ‘On the outer peridium of pro eeap (1 plate). leo
Journ. Bot. 1888, p. 160].

rn: Magazine.—S. Smiles, ‘A faithful Parish Priest’
(Rey. J. 8. Henslow).

Magyar Névénytani Lapok. — A. Kanitz, Life of M. Fuss
(1814—1883).

Midland Naturalist—J. E. Bagnall, ‘Flora of Warwickshire ’
(Composite contd.).

Naturalist (May).—J. G. Baker, ‘On the Present State of our
Knowledge of the Geo ography of British Soe, (concluded).—
J. es & E. N. Bloomfield, ‘ Cinclidium stygi

vature (May 31).—G. Schweinfurth, ‘ The Flora of Ancient

LINNEAN SOCIETY OF LONDON. 219

os ie 7).—W. C. Williamson, ‘ Morphology of pitcher
0

CEsterr. Bot. Zeitschrift. —W. Voss, ‘ Neue rae ee
carniolica, Ramularia Scopolia). —B. Blocki,
Galizien ’ (contd .) -- D. Hire, ‘Zur Flora von Ceca de
For manek, ‘ Teratologisches.’—S. Schulzer v. Miiggenberg, ‘ Su.
logisches.’ — J. L. Holmby, ‘ Kalnicaer Gebirge.’—R.
toned -Ausstellung i in Triest.’ — P. G. Strobl, ‘ Flora des Etna’
c

Pharmaceutical Journal (June 2).—M. Hays ‘A new Alkaloid’
(tetano-cannabine) in Cannabis indica.’ (June 9).—J. E. Howard,
‘The effect of oats on the alkaloid of Red Bank.’—E. ©, C,
Stanford, ‘ Algi

Science Gossip. J. Saunders, ‘A Plea for our Charas.’—W.
B. Grove, ‘Notes o n Sehizomycetes’ (concluded).—J. BR. ‘ayers
; ae on Rimaneutils Fica

ransactions oh saanen Une (2d. S. ii. pt. 3, March).—M. J.

Berkeley & C.K ‘ List of Fungi from Brisbane’ (6 plates
aebly nave peg (Pt. April)——T. H. eth ‘ Mode of Hever
ment of Pollinium in Asclepias Cornuti’ (1 plate).

LINNEAN SOCIETY OF LONDON,

March 1, 1883.—Sir John Lubbock, Bart., President, in the
chair.—The following gentlemen were elected Fellows of the Bociety:
—W. B. Barrett, L. J. K. ve pes J.B. Br Be gprs

insects om) very great seas in this respect. Butterflies show

appear t cosy ided to a sha extent by a preference for par-
ticular colours 59 Diptera exhibit greater Sones though by

absolut uch greater degree of constancy is mani-
fested °y ‘the ‘pian: and this becomes all but absolute in the
hive- an interesting circumstance that this constancy
appears ‘to ceeeats in proportion to the part performed by the
insects in carrying pollen from flower to flower. much larger

num
with certainty any general law, and especially a careful microscopic

examination of the pollen attached to the proboscis, mandibles,
legs, and under side of the abdomen and thorax. As respects pre-
ference for particular colours, the Lepidoptera paid, while under

-

220 LINNEAN SOCIETY OF LONDON.

Habits of Insects when visiting Flowers,” by Mr. R. M.

The author records in detail the movements of 76 insects while
engaged in visiting 2400 flowers. He tabulates the results, and
concludes that insects do possess a decided preference for a number
of successive visits to the same species of flowers, although this is
not invariably the case. Most of the observations were made on
bees, which seem to perform the fertilisation of at least one-half of
all the flowers fertilised by insects in this country. Butterflies, as
a rule, seem to wander purposelessly in their flight; nevertheless
some species, including the Fritillaries, are fairly methodic. The
author believes that it is not by colour alone that insects are guided
from one flower to another of the same species, and the sense of

distances, but good sight for short distances ; of 55 humble bees
bse it A Mb oage ei lowers ; 12 of the bees were miethbais in
their 18 visited white flowers; 5 were
sisihiais, pte 8 sot ‘at “all, 11 visited yellow flowers, of which 5
were methodic and 6 not ; 28 visited red flowers , 7 were methodic,
9 nearly so, while 12 werenot. Mr. Christy inclines to the opinion
—— admitting ieadks of data) that bees, in a flight from

ir nest, confine their visits exclusively or principally to one

t.

April 6.—Sir Tih Kirk, Vice- ri ond in the chair.—Messrs.
R. M. Barrington, G. E. Comerford-Casey, F. V. Dickins, and E.
Cambridge Phillips were elected Bellows of the Society. — Mr.
KE. M. Holmes exhibited a specimen < bi a tree sap which had
been found to exude from a cut branch one inch in diameter at the
rate of four ounces per hour during th & re ht, and seven to eight
ounces per hour during the day, before the leaf-buds had expanded ;

inia.

April 1 eerste J Gini Lubbock, cory President, in the chair.—
Messrs. T. W. Coffin, F. H. Coll in | Oe: DeLaun e, D. Morris,
J. Jardine Murray, and Hon. J. B. Pierson were elected Fellows
of the Society. — Mr. G. F. Angas showed several vegetable
products from the Is ls nd of Dominica ; Rapa others an unusually

Po iepors ous Fungi f rom m the Rosca ete —Mr. F. Y. Dickins
called attention to a Japanes sued by the University of
Tokio, giving doatigtinns and seaeealines of plants grown in
Botanic Garden of Koishikawa.— There followed a communication

LINNEAN SOCIETY OF LONDON. 921

by Prof. P. T. Cleve, of Upsala, ‘On the Diatoms on ws during

the Arctic Expedition of Sir George Nares.” — A paper was read,

** On the joint and separate work of the Authors of Hegithiats and
8.

ay 3.
Sig. O. Beccari and Dr. J. Lange were elected Foreign Members of
the Society. — Colonel R. H. Beddome ep | beter of
Asplenium erectum Sm., showing that nearly all the are allan-
todioid ; also specimens of Diplazium sfasibHetane a new species
from the Travancore Mountains. He pointed out that Mr. C. B.

Clarke makes a ne b enus, Pseudallantodia, founded on the
allantodioid character oar ber pa but eetee tern eb S specimens
paste that this is a char common to the genus Aspleniwm in

— Mr. J. Bliot award oehibited a series of living and
dried plants and barks in illustration of his paper. — Mr. Thomas
Christy brought eal specimens of Bolivian Cinchonas, and
made remarks thereon in connection with Mr. J. E. Howard’s
paper.—Mr. J. Eliot Howard read a paper, ‘‘ On Cinchona meena
var. rs oe How., and C. Ledgeriana Moens.” The
brought forward proofs that the Dutch Government had éaliiad
most daliatle results from having secured the true Calisaya

: “ are ‘tie

of Cinchona had been planted and the stock had greatly deteriorated,
and no doubt owing to the best plants having been cut down for
the aks of the bark. He brought forward plants obtained from
seed which he had received from the Yarrow estate in ree, the
bark from these trees having yielded as much as from n to

twelve per cent. of quinine. By the side of this he aot ‘plasita
that he had raised from the seed given to him r. Thomas
Christy, that had come direct from Bolivia, and he drew the
following conclusion, viz.:—that he believed that no one has

whole it Tineke be euuena as a very reduced form of U. circinalis,
its cepa congener, though differing from it in many striking
articular.
. May 24. — ANNIVERSARY Meetine, Sir John Lubbock, Bart.,
M.P., F.R.S., President, in the chair.—Mr. R. M’Lachlan, on
behalf of the Audit ONES: read the Statement of Receipts
and Payments for the year, and the Treasurer (Mr. Frank Crisp),
followed with a detailed explanation of the various items, showing
that the Society was in a very sound financial condition, for
besides investments of about £5000, the Batahds at bankers (30th
April) was £514 8s.7d. Afterwards the Secretary, Mr. B. D. Jackson,

Wi wn; while 54 new Fellows had been elected. Between
purchase, exchange, and donations 407 volumes and 422 separate

222, LINNEAN SOCIETY OF LONDON.

parts had been added to the Li ibrary. —Mr. G. a fee ge on
behalf of the subscribers, formally handed over the sporteet
i inted by i

1
Royal Academy last year having then prevented its same
A bust of the late Professor Louis Agassiz, the American
sculptor Mr. Hiram Power, was handed over by Professor Allman
to the Bonen: as a present from the sculptor’s son, Mr. H. Power,
4 Flor An engraving from Gainsborough’s painting of the
old English naturalist Mr. pai Pennant, was presented by
Mr. Howard Saunders, in the name of Mrs. Alston, as a bequest
from her son, the Society’s ba Bacretaly, Mr. E. R. Alston.—The
President then delivered his Anniversary Address, commentin
generally on the events of the past year, with special reference to
their bearing upon the Society; in congratulating the Society on
its annual balance-sheet, he reminded the Fellows that besides
investments (supra) the property of the Society might be valued at
£25,000, or a es of su 000. He alluded to Colonial Fellows
and the good scientific ork rad are fone ee tally referring
to the British Associaton “Meetin in Can o take place in 1884.
Reference was also e to thes progress oe sah sap of the
Biological Collections i in Sih new Natural History Museum at South
ensington. ‘This was fellowed by Reports on the various
botanical and zoological SnEneesnan: issued at home and abroad
during the last twelvemonth.—The purchase of a portrait of the
Oxford Eanee Jacob Bobart (1598-1679) was announced ; and
the President presented a valuable portrait of Linneus, from life,
by the Swe artist Magnus man. resolution was unani-
ans ait a the Society, at the instance of the Chair, to
ntham and ji J. D. Hooker, on the completion of their

great work the ‘Genera Plantarum.’——Obituary notices of some
deceased Fellows—Profesor Dickie, Dr. Thwaites, Dr. Jameson,
Mr. Gibso . Moggridge—were read by the Secretary.—

The Nene having examined the ballot, fen reported that
Mr. T. Christy, Mr. ve HE, Dresser, Mr. G. R. M. Murray, Mr. H.
Saunders, und Mr. H. T. Stainton, had been elected into the
Counce . G. Busk, Mr. C. B.
Clarke, Sir John Kirk, and Mr. R. M’Lachlan, who retired; and
re-elected for Officers, Sir J. Lubbock as President, Mr. Frank
Crisp as Treasurer, - Mr. B. Daydon Jackson and Mr. G. J.
Eacaces as Secretar

une 7.—Sir Foln “Tab Bart., President, in the chair.—
Mr. R. J. Clarke and Mr. Frank Matthews were elected Fellows of
rig Society.—Mr. W. T. T. Dyer exhibited a series of copals, some

Bene of various sorts, with a melting-point from 810° t i
Fahr.; others from Lagos (obtained by Captain Maloney), used by
the natives for burning, and powdere the women a od

a
ese last are supposed to be from a species of Daniellia,
the native name being ‘‘ Ogea.”—-Mr. Hiern drew attention to
specimens of Quercus Ilex, var. Fordii, from Barnstaple, Devon,
showing remarkable alteration in the leaves after pruning.—Mr. G.

LINNEAN SOCIETY OF LONDON. 223

Murray exhibited sporpene of dace killed by the fungus disease
iRoprvtariia. feraz), the result of inoculation, and said to be the
e Poca proof of the communicability of the
disease ve cs fish.—A paper was read by Mr. H.N. Ridley, “On
ew and Rare Monocotyledonous Plants from Madagascar.” free
— described were in part collected by the Rev. W.
Cowan in Kast Central Madagascar, a sent by him to the British
re to which were added notes and descriptions of others
cllected by Hildebrandt and Hilsenberg and Bojer. Among them
a fine species of Drimia (a genus not hitherto recorded
ian Se hcunan) solled # ‘Rat-onion”’ by the natives, who use i

oides, but sir the leaves thickly covered with spines.

and later by Hildebra ndt are worth n The species si
described by Mr. Baker in Journ. "Bot. 1803, . 270, as a climbing
plant with cordate leaves, but these specimens are sate in habit,
about a foot high, with narrow, oblong, reticulated lea s, looking
quite unlike a Dioscorea. In some of the other Sopa: such as
D. pyrenaica, the young plant is at first erect and then trails along
the ground, ‘but is never more than about an inch in the erect
growth, whereas D. hexagona grows to = dupe x of one foot erect.
Among the orchids are two new species of the s )

group of Polystachya, and two of the spinal Madagascar genus
Cynosorchis, one of which is remarkable for its possessing but one
or two very large handsome green, white and purple flowers.
Among the Cyperacee, Courtotsia cyperoides, a well- cate Indian
plant, was collected by Hildebrandt in Madagascar, thus extending
its range westward. A new species of Fintelmannia was. "obtained
by Mr. Deans Cowan, and there are also specimens from Hilsenberg
and Bojer in the British Museum Herbarium. ae genus hitherto

u ike
only male aihece the females being u siiallg eee or three together
in the upper parts of the ies spikelets ; the leaves are setaceous
and armed with fine spines, There is also a new genus (4 bees
of the ailciae alli ed in s7 eS to Cryptangium ; of t

e spikelets. The greater number of the flowers are male,
the Saige spikelets are very se and placed in the lower part of the
panicle; indeed these have not been seen in ngolan plant.
The stamens are provided with a conical apiculus, crimson in
the Angola plant, covered with short processes, which from their
shape and position suggest some homology with stigmatic hairs.
The style is remarkably cleft almost to the base, where it is dilated,
then contracted so as S appear articulated to the next.—Mr. T. H.

924 BOTANIGAL NEWS.

Corry read a paper “On the Fertilization of the Asclepiads,”
chiefly bearing out views already noticed on a former occasion (see
Journ. Bot. 1888, p. 94).

BOTANICAL NEWS.

We are glad to notice that the Royal Irish Academy is actively
encouraging the further investigation of the botany of Ireland.
The following are among the scientific grants recommended by the
Council and sanctioned by the Society at its meeting on the 28th
of May. £10 to Mr. T. H. Corry, to complete the botanical
survey of Ben Bulben; £15 to Mr. 8. A. Stewart, for a botanical
survey of ate Allen and the Slievanierin Mountains ; ; £15 to
Mr. Greenwood Pim, to investigate the Irish fungi, especially
those of Ktlerhes y; £10 to Rev. Mr. Lett, for an exam ee
of the mosses and lichens of the Mourne Mountains ; £15 t

Mr. R. M. Barrington, for the exploration of the flora of the pein

Ss.
We regret to learn that the premises of the printers who were
engaged upon the plates of Dr. Cooke’s ‘Illustrations of British
Fungi’ and ‘ aecah wate nel have been entirely destroyed by
fire, and with them all the work in progress. This will cause
uncertain and unavoidable delay, but as soon as possible arrange-
ments ee be made for the continuation of these works.
re glad to see that the Senate of the University of Cam-
bei bad decided to open the Botanical Gardens on Sunday
afternoons during the summer, to members of the University and
their fricnis. It is perhaps not generally known that the opening
of Kew Gardens an hour Recto applies to Sundays as well as
week-days, so that on Sundays the gardens are now open at 1 p.m.
It is hardly likely that many visitors will be present between 1 and
2, but the step is one in the right direction. Now that the
Cambridge Botanical Gardens has joined the Royal Gardens at
Kew and Hampton Court in Sunday opening, it may be hoped cag
A ‘authorities of Oxford will not be long behind in grantin
ilar boon, which we should like to see extended to opite
Raion the members of the University and their friends.
Tue Hebdomadal Council of Oxford University have resolved,
under the provisions of the Universities of Oxford and Cambridge
to suspend further until Noy sa 30, 18838, any
election to the Sherardian Professorship of Botan
Ir is satisfactory to learn that the ‘ Scottish Naturalist ve the
discontinuance of which we referred at page 187, is to be revived
under the editorship of Professor Trail of Aberdeen. The meal
se gencgarh is only 4s. 6d., and it is to be hoped that this revival
will the success which it certainly deserves.
ae saa has been appointed Director of the Jardin des
Plantes.

*

225

SAMUEL DALE.
(Concluded from p. 197.)

Havine discharged his duties as Ray’s literary executor, Dale
pemirued to a own work, and in 1705 published a te hig to
qua.

bulk to the oeaen work. His continued interest in Botariy during
the few succeeding years is evidenced by his letters to Sloane. In
1706 he writes :—‘‘ The death of Mr. Doody hath = extinguished
my hopes of seeing the ‘ Plantarum Lacummpints um Historia,’ he
was so long about, published, unless his plates aaa notes fall into
some good hand.’’ On September 8rd, 1707, he writes :—‘‘ By the
coach this day I sent a Hanch of Venison for you and some of m

friends to eat together, but directed to your house... . the Persons
I desire may be at eating are yourself, Dr. Robinson, Mr. Stone-
street, Mr. Buddle, Dr. Thorp, and Mr. Petiver.” From a message
sent with the haunch, Dr. Thorp appears - have been compara-
tively a stranger, as he speaks of him as ‘the Physitian
assists in the Transactions, whose [name 9) at present I cannot

1708 he seems ee ~~ — a few choice plants for pre-
sentation to Dr. Sloa They are in vol. 94 of eg cage
"

m 1724. In 1709. ba he visited the garden of his friend
Halon, at Welwyn, Herts, went to Hampton, and in July paid his
only — visit to the Oxford Garden, from which Bobart after-
wards sent him specimens. In 1710 he seems to have been at
Norah ‘and at Chislehurst, and at the De Beaufort Garden in
Chelsea. In the same year he published the second edition of the
‘ Popo aiiocra incorporating the Supplement of 1705, but
oe the duodecimo form. In 1711 he visited the garden of

u

garden at ei and received specimens from Charles Du Bois
of Mitcham; and i nd he was at Waltham Ab

JOURNAL OF Siena 21. A koawie, 1883. ] Q

296 | SAMUEL DALE.

should be glad to know what success Mr. Sherrard and you had in
Suffolk, and whether you found the Loving land Conyza and the
Orford Medica. I have been in Kent, and at Dover found the
Lychnis and Limonium, but mist the ews lucidus.”’ The
ne hee alluded to are probably Senecio paludosus, Medicago
— Silene paradowxa, Statice Bahusiensis (?), and Daucus

he oe dead his work is not likely % be published: And being

acquainted that his copy yi in your hands, my humble request to

you is that you will please to vouchsafe me the perusal of it

ee — you that it shall be safely return’d, and right done to the
ut

Se ee ae

i)
om
—

Two months later he repeats his request in a letter of interest
with ee to Buddle, aps also as showing the thoroughness of
his work :—‘‘ Oct. 80,1717...... Mr. Buddle had write a
Synopsis, Cataloge or some sarees thing on English plants which he
did one time show me, and told me he intended to publish it, and

ad nas e so far as to draw the Dedication and Preface, but that
et hindered him in his design was this: Having either in Dedi-
n or Preface said that the method was with the approbation of

Mr. ‘Sicnatea and others, but they not approveing of it made him
decline it: This latter part [had from Mr. Stonestreet more than once;
and the same if I mistake not from Mr. Rand : Now having been told
that you had purchased not only his plates but likewise this copy,

made me write to you to desire the perusal of it..... and was the
more surprised when I understood you had it not, betnilae I could
not conjecture what had become of it, nor how you came to miss of

you for the kind offer you state of a sight of his plants
at your house, but this ou needs be impracticall as to me, for

being in business, my time not permit my being so long -
London, as the taking out of notes, and descriptions will requir
besides, i vill be needfull for me to compare my own dryed peas

with mista and to have my own copy at hand that so I might not

warenk net may in some measure be prevented (for hamanum
est wiper . you will visas’ as paral the volums of English plants
to be s o Braintree, which sa may be without prejudice, by
being me in a wooden case made to them; if you please to grant
this favour Mr. Innys hath order rs have such a case made, and
you may assure your rself they shall be carefully used and return’d
faithfully.” It does not appear, however, whether this suggestion
was ever acted upon. The Mr. Innys m mentioned was his publisher,
and Henry Faithorne had been printer to the Royal Society.

SAMUEL DALE. 227

During the next twelve years we know but little of Dale’s life
and work. In 1721 he was at Ramsgate, and received plants from
Uvedale; and in the following year he visited Cambridge and
Hitham. He was also at Sherard’s garden, at the latter place, in
1724, '25, 26, and ’31. In 1723 and ’24 he received specimens

om Andrews, of Sudbury, with whom he seems to have been on
- intimate terms, their practices being within riding distance, and
whom he visited in 17
In 1725, also, he received a ce of plants from Mr. Matthews,
ty-Governor of St. Kitt’s; in 1726 some specimens from
Dillenius, then at Eltham; ahd in 1727 ‘**plante Indie Orientalis
collects a Francisco Dale.” This Francis Dale, spoken of as

m Bahama, with sabia some of which were raised in
the Braintree garden.

n 1780 Dale published the second great work of his life,
phe History and Antiquities of Harwich and Dovercourt, in the
County of Essex,’ by Silas Taylor, Geni; to which is added a
Lingo kpoendix, ae the Natural History of the Sea-coast

many favours.” Of Dale |
pre it ‘a real acquisition to science,” says that in the ‘
notes, amounting to much the greater part of the book. Howso-
ever respectable our author may appear as an antiqua
equally so as a naturalist.” )
ing more than 80 0 miles from the pi and being soon

perhaps one day or two in a year, and that ,

He dwells at length upon the cliff, “« whose imbedded Fossils, a

says, “I had there discovered ; the first Invention of which the late

Dr. Woodward in publick company attributed to me.” He describes

cement-stones, ‘‘ copperas stones,” i.¢. pyritous nodules, used in

manufactures in bea neighbourhood, 2 «6 ‘‘selenites,” “a
a,” oc

congeries of Verm
al

bra ileum ;” an es a plate vcpnemmadig the Crag resting

rosa the London Clay, and forming an overhanging cliff. t
endix he ae | twelve Crustacea, sixty fishes, forty-seven
birds , six “marine insects,” thirty-six Testacea,
ants; so that, whilst the

history, it became in his ha
productions of the neighbourhood, such a
ven in our own day. It reached a second edition in 17382,

228 SAMUEL DALE.

In 1781, besides visiting Eltham and the Chelsea Garden, w
learn from his herbarium that he visited — of Sir Ch niles
Wager and Mr. Grey at Fulham, and made a summer tour into the
West of England. He visited Mr. Blaitwaite’s sm Wt at Dereham,
Gloucestershire; was at Keynsham, between Bath and Bristol, on
May 21st; went to Bristol, Bath, Wells and Glastonbury, an

a sig oe aR into ree rs mc Po rm t Wimborne in June,

and a are n e. s year is also t
ied 1 ae reny note of his Geceitint saline from Peter Collison,
~ leh voanes hom he ae in 1782. In this last year he was

1733 and 1784. In 17384 he visited the Gog-and-magog Hills, and
Dr. John Spurgeon’s garden at Halsted; and in 1786 Sa noble
Lord Peter’s garden,” probably that at tcnsabin Hall, Kss
ale’s last contribution to the ‘ Philosophical entisattniy)
belongs to the close of the year 1786, and accompanied a
present of a pair of antlers of the Moose deer to Sir Hans Sloane.
It is entitled, « Deberiptions: of the Moose deer of New England,
and a sort of stag in Virginia; with some remarks relating to Mr.
Ray’s description of the flying squirrel of America” (Phil. Trans.,
vol. xxxix., p. 384). To this year also belong the earliest of his

rently translated into paltry Dale sp a of himself as mer who
have been more than 60 years from a hack: ” and elsewhere says,
“T find a note or two wanting which I dare not trust m —
Latin with, but hope your — me ergy my trou

In this series of thirty-nine letters Dale speaks of ‘‘ my kind friend
Mr. Mark Catesby,” and “ my respected iris nd Mr. tease Rand,”
and also alludes = the death of the two sons of his * seohan Dr.
hos. Dale,” who was resident in South Carolina. |
e third edition of the « Pharmacologia’ was published
uarto.

letters ‘“‘M.L.” to the author’s name, and at its close the words,
Ad calcem adjicitur Index duplex : Genaciis alter, nominum, &e.,
alter Anglico-Latinus; in gra atiam Tyronum, Tertia editio, multis
emendatis et aucta.” As a frontispiece there is a fine portrait of
the author, lettered “Geo. Vertue sculpsit 1787,” similar to the
one prefixe to the present memoir, but surrounded by a frame
inscribed, “ mtatis sue 78.” The letters ‘M.L.” no doubt signify
Licentiate in Medicine; but I have as yet been ony to discover
from what body Dale received such a di iploma. Of this work
iene justly remarks, that “In an interval of more than forty
ears, between the first and last editions... ... several excellent

SAMUEL DALE. _ 229

cape had taken place abroad, which, aided by the i improve-
at home, enabled Dale to et better materials, and give

last edition the importance of a new work. Scarcely in ee ech
ere &@ more copious woliookions of synonyms.” It i haps

necessary to explain nm this edition was followed by piel shale

after the tt of the uthor

be justified in quoting it pests: stirpes agris nascentes
melius ediscant Pitieiaatont Juniores, sex per Seoathioe Plantas
investigandi gratia instituit eadem Societas itinera (mense Julii
excepta) quibus confectis, ray nomina inter Tyrones quisque
indicat ; qui per estivam tempus maxime omnium profecerit
(J udicio Preefecti, &c.) Raii Bénbpel Raipies m Britannicarum Per-
gamena, viridi pote tore na Laborum accipit oe m. At Grande

Iter eadem caus nse Julii ages. ora nequaqua. ;
quod quidem reerersiren centum annos dicalaiuns videtur
Clarissim S ah oak in Itinere t

a ergo suscepti & decem sociis in agrum Cantianum,
0 Domin hee habet: Paucis abhinc elapsis annis con-

meio vere lawless inter rei herbarie studiosos ae bis a
Seepius quotannis ae aut quatriduum iter Plantaru invest
gationis ergo suscipere. Quorum quatuor Itinera dente’ ;
1632, 1634 & 1641 nes edidit. Vetus hic Mos jam desiit observari
in modum supra dictum; sed nunc horti Prefectus mense Julii,
cum quinque vel sex sociis rei Botanice peritis, in Cantium aut
as

oO
and 1682, the two Hampstead lists of the same dates, and
‘ Mercurius Botanicus’ of 1634.

The last letter to Dr. Birch is dated August, 1788; but io
this, and the fact that he collected specimens in the Chelsea
Garden durin ring that year, we know nothing as to the test few
months of Dale’s life. He died on the 6th of June, 1739, bein
then about eighty years of age, and was buried in the Dissenter’s
Burial-ground at Bockin

Tn the ‘ Gentleman’s Magazine’ he is described at his death as
Dr. Samuel .R.S.; and many notices of him speak of his

ever, seems never to have received or used the title o
name does not occur in Dr. Thomson’s list of the Fellows of the
Royal Noaiake. nor in that by ag Munk of the Licentiates of the
College of Physicians. Ther in fact, no reason to suppose that
either of these three titles ahs goa rightly applied to him.

230 SAMUEL DALE.

His learning received recognition during me lifetime from
Linneus, whom he may possibly have seen ing his visit to
England in 1736, in the dedication to him of ai genus Dalea.

“This was founded in the ‘Ho by Cliffortianus’ (1787) for a South
American papilionaceous plant, communicated to the Cliffort
garden by Philip Miller, of ap In the ‘ Species Plantarum’
(1753) Linneus included this species in Van Royen’s genus

ry of Harwich.’ This is
‘ Jéchers Gelehrten etitgn (1787). Hoefer’s ‘ Nouvelle Biographie
Générale’ (1856) gives the date of his birth erroneously as 1650,

makes the further statement :—‘ On lui doit l’introduction en
Europe de plusieurs végétaux Sunes, dont la lupart lui
avaient été addressés de la Caroline par Catesby.” ‘This is very
probably true. Perhaps the best see of him is that in Rose’s
: aa arn pee vol. vi

in on lat
aa to hes Wohi eens of panne London.

Decease make or erect eats conveniences in their Physick Garden

at Chelsea in the County of Middlesex for the Reception thereof

asp under such Regulations for the keeping and preserving them

shall be agreed on and approved of by Sr. Hans Sloane Bart.

i. D. President of the Royal Society London and my Executor
cuyrncn named.”

iis books ie bequeathed is a presentation copy of the

second ‘edition of Ray’s Synopsis, to which are added two manu-
script appendices sacmunritae some forty adceall, " ppevie,
ma om Essex, in Dale’s Sees

“Orchis Strateumatica Ger. 165. Naas 215. Ray Hist. U.
1213. Orchis strateumatica J. B. major J. B. I. 758. Hist. Owon.

ORCHIDACEAS QUATTUOR NOVAS SINENSES. 231
Ill. 494. Orchis yg s0F8 major Tourn. Inst. 482. dey. sarc
B. Pin. 8

militaris major C. 1. Cynosorchis militaris seu Strate
matica we, Park. That ape

pe.
‘*At which place likewise grew the Orchis Anthropophora
oreades sp ina.
“Th

flowers ip arc large but note very long it not bein ng all blown

out, but consisting of about Se! ee ers, the lable resembles that
figured by Dr. Dillen. Tab, 10, i 2. Ray Synop. III. 879. only
the armes or side-se ts are narrower and the body longer. The

ts
striped ene with a deeper colour above but spotted as the body
underneath.”

aa a ne Rey ig: Sea of which is ney pie s exist.

As at dingy oil-painting of the botanist is preserved at
a pease Hall: but, though his reputation has become similarly
dim in the lapse of time, I trust that my researches, in which I
have received pty assistance from many aig i but pear ad
from the officers of the British Museum, may have shown t
there yet remains much of value in the life seh writings af

al

Samuel Dale. G. 8. Bounezr.

ORCHIDACEAS QUATTUOR NOVAS SINENSES
proponir H. F. Hance, Ph.D., Soc. Zool.-Bot. Vindob. Soc., cet.
AS 1. Liparis (Custicuts) chloroxantha, sp. nov.—8-pollicaris,
fadadions dense pilosis, pse otstobulhis ovoideis teretibus glaberrimis
9 lin. longis, foliis 4 inferioribus abbreviatis vaginantibus 2 supe-
rioribus lineari-lanceolatis acuminatis 6 poll. longis 9 lin. latis
vo medio subtu

2 exterioribus oe omnino conspicuis, scapo valde compresso
ancipite, bracteis bifariis lineari-subulatis acutissimis cap gary

ad 8 poll. onaie, floralibus 3- linealibus, racemo 15-20 flor 4 poll.
longo, floribus 4 lin. longis adhue clausis viridibus expats
luteolis, atte pee rae “ oblongis obtusis recurvis dorsali fili-

formi patente, petalis filiformibus patentibus, labello late déoe e@8s0-
orbiculato arcte revoluto basi bibubercalato margine superiore

932 ORCHIDACEAS QUATTUOR NOVAS SINENSES.

denticulato ipso apice ex ‘emarginatura dense .obtuso terminato,
columne margine edentato
In rupibus montis Parker, ins. Hongkong, necnon in terra
continenti chinensi, m. Martio 1881, coll. cl. C. Ford (Herb. propr.
n. 22170

Hui ¢ proximam credo L, crenulatam hee ex insula Java.
2" 9. Bolbop idum, sp.
Rhizomate crasso, pseu udo va lbis pase A foliis solitariis oblongis
in sicco

formibus erectis folium duplo superantibus, bracteis membranaceis
persistentibus caulinis paucis remotis vaginantibus acutis floralibus
linearibus acuminatis lineam longis, floribus umbellatim 5-8

j i

3 nerviis 6 lin. longis, petalis faleato-oblongis sepalo dorsali paulo
minoribus ac ei concoloribus, labello parvo complicato apice lamella
quadrata membranacea cornibus usque duobus lateralibus aucto.

In jugo Lo-fau-shan, seu montium tigridum, prov. Cantonensis,
d. 22 Sept. 1882, leg. rev. E. Faber (Herb. propr. n

Bb. wmbellato, Lindl., ut videtur, proximum. Hee et affiniores
species transitum in Cir iomea m tam lenem efficiunt, ut lubentius,
duce Reichenbachio, sic dicta chara conjungerem, venerabili Bent-
hamio nuperrime tamen recusante.
(21? 8. Bria Deion ambro — Rhizomate
crasso, pseudobulbis botuliformibus nired pagehod 16 lin. longis,
foliis_solitariis crasse coriaceis oblongis basi angustatis apice

scariosis wea acutis 3 lin. ei Bart it flore cernuo
glaberrimo (explanato labello) pollicari, sepalis extus albidis intus

purpureo-nervosis dorsali fornicato ovato acuto 5 lin. longo late-
ralibus columne adnatis obliquis bilobis ae postico acuto antico
rotundato, petalis planis ovato-lanceolatis rosei ongis,
labello albido-roseo column arcte a secus medium bi-

medium
cristato lateribus erectis apice in cornu breve rugosum obtusum
decurvum producto.
rupibus summi montis Victoria Peak, ins. Hongkon

Martio 1875 florentem, detexit cl. C. Ford d (Herb. propr. n. 29156).

Species satis pulchra, et, ut videtur, bene distincta, floribus
suavem odorem, oleo amygdalarum amararum essentiali similem,
—. Sectionem intellego qualem a Benthamio recens

yer 4. Cystorchis? nebularum. sp. nov.—Caulescens, caule
foliisque glaberrimis, his cire. 7 confertiusculis 5-7 pollicaribus
ovato-lanceolatis acutis plurinerviis 1-2} poll. longis in petiolum

* Journ. Linn. goo xviii. 299,
t Op. epi: cit. 3

*

TWO RECENT ADDITIONS TO THE BRITISH MOSSES. 238

semipollicarem vaginantem sensim angustatis, spica densiuscula
secunda 4-8 flora paulo ultra folia emersa cum bracteis lineari-

minato rhomboideo lateralibus oblique ovato-lanceolatis sian
uninerviis labello basi scrotiformi (scroto intus pilis crassis begat
losis obsito) column basi adnato vesiculis callisque carente apice
se acuminato, anthera ovoidea acutiuscula, rostello in pro-
cessus filiformes ios lineam longos apice breviter ‘ianguleke
ag gd produce
ummis atte Lo-fau-shan, prov. Cantonensis, abeunte
on tcantin 1882, coll. rev. KE. Faber (Herb. propr. n. 22147
anta habitu Goodyeram omnino referens, sed pee pieced
potius Cystorchidi,—mihi tantum e lauto Blumei opere note,*
congruens, etsi a paucis descriptis nwichin plane aati

TWO RECENT ADDITIONS to tae BRITISH MOSSES.
By H. Boswett.
GrMMiparuM Not stig or four weeks ago I

aspect wi somewhat ha of B. Schleicheri or latifoliuen in ;
t

a resemblance to ‘B. Schleicher’ but with the best endeavours to
make them agree it was evident that there was a greet Mecsas cay
between the Tega wee of B. glaciale and the in hand;
moreover it did not resemble albicans at ia ate were in
outline and wires a good deal like those of B. Muhlenbeckit, but
the habit and aspect of the plant as well as the om of growth
were very different, and as the details accorded with no other

own British species it became necessary to see er. Meg
tually I found it to be identical with B. gemmiparum Bee
unexpected and very interesting addition to our flora Ag is

Italy, Sardinia, and the Attic mountains. As yet no fruit has bee
found, and it is to be feared that it will prov be one more of
those mosses which re ‘in Britannia sterilis,” fruiting only

in warmer oun
Spwa Bnei gyanum Sulliv.— Another moss of consider-
interest, new not only to Britain but to Europe, was found by
myself oer 4 a ramble in North Shropshire last
ummer, ginwine in pits of deep water in bogs near Whitchurch.
This j is the Sphagnum Torreyanum of Sullivant’s ‘Icones,’ reduced

* Fl. Jay. Orchid. 75 tt. 24, 37.

234 ON ALLIOSPORA, A SUPPOSED NEW GENUS OF DEMATIEI.

by later writers, including Dr. Braithwaite, to the rank of a variety
of S. cuspidatum, which is no doubt its proper position. It is larger
and more eet than any of th other forms of that variable

and students of nt tribe may expect to meet with it fn similar
situations; for on sending a specimen to Mr. Whitehead he at once
identified it with suites which he had gathered before on Risley
Moss, near ora but had not determined. These, however,
are a trifle less robust, and might easily be passed as merely large
plumosum. The Shropshire specimens are identical with those I
have from N. America, where alone this Sphagnum had hitherto
been foun

Another of Sullivant’s figures represents a very similar plant,
from California, called Sph. a this is treated by Dr.
ioe as identical with the above, while Messrs. Rau &

n their ge cs it the position of a distinct

Sitio a have not seen this, and so have no opinion to give;
the eine shows little difference.

ON ALLIOSPORA, A SUPPOSED NEW GENUS OF
DEMATIEI.

By Greenwoop Pim, M.A., F.L.S.

Harty in 1882 I observed a curious black mould on a decayin

specimen at a meeting of the Dublin Microscopical Club, in whose
Proceedings a note of it appears, under the _title of Alliospora
being i

of a long slender hypha, with very rare thickened Cals:
is seated a small globose mig areolate on the surface ; from
ares arise a great number of very much elongated basal cells,

ich by mutual pressure athe) a solid layer outside the columella,
dd nearly twice its diameter in a From the ends
of these basidia, may so call them e the sporiferous
threads, which appear to be in general ea Ee ser septate till just

ARUM MACULATUM AND ITS CROSS-FERTILIZATION. 235

at the extremity, where four or five short branches form a little
bel. The tips of these branches produce spores by division, as
in Penicillium
a structure will not, I think, come under any of the
existing genora 0 of Hyphomycetes ; hence I venture to propose a new
one as follows
ios ra, nov. gen.—Flocci erect, bearing a oo head
from which depend delicate hyphe clustered with spor
A. Sapucaye. ing a dense velvety Slacker felt ;
central columella areolate; basidial cells elongated and densely
acked, forming a thick out at. Sporiferous threads septate,

spores; spores clustered on threads as well, resembling hanks of
onions, globose, ‘0002 inch; purple-brown. On decaying Bisthiie
nut, Jan., 1282,

ARUM MACULATUM AND ITS CROSS-FERTILIZATION.
By Rosert Miter Curisty anp Henry Corper.

Most of the following observations have been made by both of
us in common, but our respective names are attached to any Sgr
one which seemed to require it. e are aware that many of o
observations are not new, although we believe that some of rhs
are so. In any case so few persons seem to be aware of the inte-
resting peculiarities connected with this plant that we make no
excuse for sittin ing them in de

ayin ing the summer a large stock of nutritious matter
in its great hare corm, the Arum forms undergroun g
the autumn its next year’s leaves"and spathe, and is thus ready to
appear above ground as soon as the frosts of winter have taken

even earlier.* These leaves have a very rapid growth, and the
three or four which each plant bears ak their full size about the
beginning or middle of April, according to the season. The petio. rs
are whitish, with a delicate = of pink at the bottom, and ar
enclosed in a sheath of four parts, which are in pairs, opposed to

hus we found woes f ng Sond above ground on the 26th of December,
18s, ve Chelmsford, and at Saffron Walden on the Ist of January following ;

18th of the same month in the followin ng year, after a hard and late winter, some
at Bardfield were eg about two inches high, snack others at Walden on the
28th were six inc

936 ARUM MACULATUM AND ITS CROSS-FERTILIZATION.

one another, and all of a greenish colour bluntly pointed. The
tips of one pair sometimes appear a little above the ground, while

the other two are generally an inch or so below. The leaves are
smooth and shining, of a dark green colour, and always more or

and plain leaves as proving the existence of two species, but this
character is of no specific value whatever.

; ave not been able to observe any particular conditions under
which the plants usually produce either spotted or plain leaves, and
do not at all know to resi to attribute the difference. In the neigh-

often bear a greater or less resemblance to one another in the manner
of their spotting, for there is as great variety in the nature and
appearance of the spots as in their number and intensity. We
have sometimes thought that the spotted leaves are rather later in
appearing than the plain ones, but this may not be so. Spots
certainly are not in any way a mark of the age of the plant. Dr.
Bromfield writes, ‘In this island I can perceive no difference in
the time of flowering, and the leaves of both are alike variable in
size and shape. The spotted form would appear to be rarer towards
en a

- . “P
indent but not to go right through. In many cases these hollows
were more than half as.deep as they were broad. In such speci:

ARUM MACULATUM AND ITS CROSS-FERTILIZATION. 237

ens, as also occasionally in less spotted ones, the spots are often
faintly developed on the leaf-stem, and the wing or ribbon which it
bears, but never on the sheath; and it is ohamerathe that the spots
which appear on their spathes are always bulged inwards; so that
if a spathe may be regarded as a modified leaf, it may further be
regarded as one rolled backwards. We have generally noticed these
very darkly marked specimens, which are often very handsome
_ objects, growing in woods, but, as a tins we veer that they are
generally unspotted in such situatio We have not unfrequently
observed unspotted pinto to be faintly marked ieee the veins with
a ae soning white colour.
ough the suet of the leaves is so rapid, that of the
deaths is extremely slow, and the former have often arrived
e

may e
digging g up an entire plant sue the winter, when

stem. : long while then elapses before the ‘sicko mis appears,
but by the time it is quite free it is almost of its full size, though
still tightly rolled up; and although the sunlight has never reached
the spadix or anthers, these are already of their proper colour.
The stalk continues to grow until it reaches a length of about two
inches, and the tip of the ieate is rather higher than the leaves.
At this stage a halt is made for some days, and although apparently
quite fully formed and ready to open, it does not do so. As show-
ing the slowness of development of the spathe, we may remark that

leaves, seems to vary m uch g corti to the seas

1880 and 1881 Mr. Christy found them first on ee: 5th’ rey "sth
respectively, but on the 6th of April in 1882, and about the 23rd in
ea after mild winters. In about a month from the appearance
of the first ones — are very few to be found out unwithered.
Six inches would Ley aps be about the average total length of a
spathe, but we have on some occasions seen much larger ones;

t is
ne are rolled up indifferently either way—either dextrally or
sini y—in about equal numbers.
Th ong period of quiescence preceding the opening of the
Spathe is followed by a short one of great activity and interest ;

238 , ARUM MACULATUM AND ITS OROSS-FERTILIZATION.

but, before describing this, we wish to speak as briefly as possible
of the strange-looking flower which has unrolled itself suddenly
before us in the course of an hour or two, presenting us with
the “ge hood, with its sides wide apart, disclosing between
them the brightly-coloured spadix, and tapering elegantly to a
sharp point at the tip, which hangs slightly over forwar
The more essential floral organs are concealed within the
lower part of the spathe, which never opens, and which for con-
venience we will term the “bulb.” The spat ne itself is nearly
always of a pale green, but, like the leaves, it is often spotted, and
i i d leaf.

covered as small purple specks in their an aalieek stages, oo
before ca aioe ats ground. The os op are often very
handsome objects, and exhibit colouring whic eaves never
possess. Thus the tip is generally shaded = a "strong vin vinous

inge ;
a fine reddish purple, and ‘the extreme edge is nearly always

growing in moister and more luxurious spots, seri as eine are
larger, Pate and more tapering towards the poi It seems to
be a matter of no importance to the plant whether eo opening of
the spathe faces the — or not, and those growing on a bank often
face cHeony towards it

The reproductive organs of the plant are gohan round a
central column in the bottom of the bulb, and a oe a peculiar
nature. The ovaries, generally thirty to ‘ny ber,
lowermost, and as a rule they are white, but scmeaaeae are
purple at their tips, which are furnished with a small tuft or brush
of s stigmatic bristles to catch the pollen. A few of the upper
ovaries are modified and converted into short ee Shortly
above pens come aay anthers, which are sessile, forty or fifty
in number, and often of a fine purplish red, though sometimes
sprog Be ag joo these again, after another short interval,

ea number of fine, slender, ta apering filaments from } to } in.
an, white at the base, but often tipped with purple, extending
outwards and slightly downwards, and situated in the narrowest
os A

varies to pale bat yellow. it a partakes ort the same
colour as the anthers, and those flowers which have it most

ARUM MACULATUM AND ITS CROSS-FERTILIZATION. 289

psgitee colouréd generally have the inside of the bulb of the

e tint; but we have not been able to observe that the colour
of ae spadix has any connection with the amount of spotting on
the leaves or with any other peculiarity of the plant.

the ers
pe chen! oe this means must be considerable We have never
known the leaves to be eaten, and as the tip or side of the spathe
is rubbed off and nothing but the spadix is taken, it is evident that
the extraction of this is the real object of the animal. That this
should be eaten seems rather peculiar, for to us it is poisonous;

tongue = sting sharply for some time after—often an hour or more.
As e time of day when the spathes open, there seems to be
some doubt, Very fresh-looking ones may often be seen in the
early morning, and indeed at all times of the day; but Mr. bch
is convinced that the majority -— in the evening about 5 or 6
o’clock. This is certainly true of a number which we have ob-
served growing, and of others which we have gathered and kept in
water; but it is quite certain that all do not es at this time, and
it is even probable that some open during the night.
ediately following upon the unrolling of is i spathe some of
the noon curious circumstances take place which occur in connection
an nt in this country. The spadix : once begins to emit
a strong smell, which to the senses of some people (Mr. Corder
among them) presents itself as rather sweet and sickly, though not

There is another peculiar Tr bateote din which is pretty much
contemporaneous and co-existent with the smelling, namely, the
emission of heat from the spadix,* which even makes the whole

To what temperature above that of the atmosphere the club of the spadix
may be raised by this natural heat we are unable to say, on account of our not
having used a exaeitte suited to the purpose. The following figures were

i e

>
ulb of a small common thermometer (F.); but it is en that to o tain the

n
previously existing temperature. The scent is arts sometimes given ou

afte adi For instance, one spathe was fully opened, smelling
a little and slightly warm at 9 p. n April 6th, 1882; early in the mo of
the n ay was gone, but the smell co d, and a trace of it even

remained until the following day, when the pollen was ie shed. In most
spathes the smell does not la nee o long as this, but as the plant was growing in-
doors it probably continued to ber: longer through want of fertilization.

240 A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS SELAGINELLA.

lower part of the spathe pap gl warm, so that on thrusting
the bulb of a small thermometer down into it the mercury is raised
five or six degrees. The fo silo owing are some of the temperatures of
different individuals, which we have taken for several years past
with common thermometers :—

Temp. of atmosphere : raised by Arumto | Temp.of atmosphere: raised by Arum to
65° { 450 out of dors, | 80° (in vinery.) | 50° Nem

59° 65° 58° )

56° 61° 58° mt ose

60° 73° 54° ; 80° gers

68° 75° 54° 84° do.
58° 62° 74° (in room) 88° (in room.)

56° 60° (in spathe.)

The best of these observations show that the spadix was from
12° to 30° above that of the atmosphere, and these readings

the common sy um a oh a temperature of 7° R. or 473° F. above
that of the atmosphere, and the Arwm cordifolium in the Mauritius
has a observed to obtain a temperature of 44° to 49° R. or 181°

upon a table or piece of glass, it quickly damps it as with steam.
These interesting phenomena are, as Prof. Henslow remarks,

(To be continued.)

A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS SELAGINELLA.
By J. G. Baxer, F.R.S., &c.
(Continued from p. 213).

JUNGERMANNIOIDES Spring Mon. ii. 117; Lycopodium
jungermannivides Gaudich. ; L. marginatum Raddi, ex e.—Stems

leaves of the upper plane } as long, oblique ovate, shortly
Se much imbricated. Spikes +-} in. long, square, } lin.
diam.; bracts ovate, ‘ser strongly keeled.

4

A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS SELAGINELLA. 241

Hab. Frequent in South Brazil Gaudichaud! Glaziou 7498!
7965! &e. I cannot separate specifically the Peruvian S. applanata
A. Br. (Lechler 2405!). The Buenos Ayres S. radiata, Spring, is
ot this species; but Aublet’s Guianan Lycopodium radiatum,

which there is a type specimen at the British Museum, is
8. ooh peadiaa Spring

pikendcgie Ann. Sc. Nat., ser. 4, vol. xiii., 65.—
Stem auitirely trailing, slender, a foot long, bisulcate on the face,
copi iousty pinnately branched, the branches with several short,
s of lo

towards the base, the uppe rca produced at the base and
imbricated over the resin leaves of the ae plane oblique,
ovate, $ as long, minutely suspidate, " Gligiell Spikes }-+ in. long,
square, } lin. ge bracts ovate, acute, strongly keeled.

Hab. of New Gra: nada, Karsten, Triana. Eastern Peru,
on ae Guayrapurima near 5 Maracet Spruce 4024! A near ally

of S. B

‘ icuspis, n. sp.—Stems rene in. long, entirely trail-
ing, terete on aha face, flat or rather sulcate on the back, pyramidal
n r

general outline, wit few e Gaia nt slightly compound
branches. Leaves of the lower plane spreading, close on the
branches, rather spaced on the stem, oblong-lanceolate,

subacute, 1-12th to 1-8th in. long, bright green, and moderately
firm in texture, a distinct gras oblique, obscurely ciliated and
rounded on the upper side at the base, a little imbricated over the
branch ; leaves of upper plane } as ep ovate, with a cusp as long
ina. Spikes short, square, } lin. diam. ; bracts ovate,

d.

foot long, flat orp the back, bis ae on the face, copiously
pinnately branched, the central branches with 5-7 short pinnately
arranged branchlets. Leaves of the lower plane spreading, crowded,
linear-oblong, 4-4 in. long, obtuse - obscurely pointed at
the upper corner, dark green, moderately in texture, the
distinet midrib nearly central, the upper ain strongly anused and
rather produced at the base, and a little imbricated over the
branch; leaves of the upper plane } as long, o “ge i
distinctly ee connivent, ciliated. ong,
square, }-} lin. diam.; bracts Seateaisicolute: mi strongly
keeled

Hab. Guiana and Brazil, especially in the Amazon os
According to A. Braun, Haenke’s plant from the Corduleras of

Chili—referred to Breynii by Sriina, S. sine ots ki Br, in ‘Gee
R

942, A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS SELAGINELLA,

ney Gran. 857, Lycopodium atrovirens Presl in Rel. Haenk. i. 79,

2, fig. 2, non Wall.—is a distinct species, marked by leaves of
ihe as eas auricled on the upper side at the base, and leaves
of the upper plane with a caudate auricle on the outer side at the
b

ascending branches cuneate, with 8-7 short flabellate branchlets.
Leaves of the lower plane oo Siding. ovate- lanceolate, acute,
1-12th to 1-8th in. long, bright green, moderately firm in texture,
the midrib distinct, the base on the upper side obscurely ciliated,
dilated with a large auricle both laterally and downwards, so that
- those of the leaves of the opposite sides of the branch wrap over
mg gral leaves of the upper plane } as long, oblique-ovate, with

hort cusp. Spikes short, square, 1 lin. diam.; bracts ovate-
sete strongly keeled.

Hab. North Brazil, in moist caatingas near Panuré, Spruce
2502! General habit near that of S. Breynii, but leaves very
araat in shape.

. caLosticHa Spring Mon. ii. 206.—Stem trailing, rather
rigid, about a span long, strongly angled on both faces, pinnately
branched, the branches little compound. Leaves of the Oe plane
crowded, far lanceolate, subacute, 1-5th in. long, — g,8
rigid, not ciliated, the midrib subcentral, the base of the upper
side eee and a little dilated; leaves ‘of the ona plane § as
long, ovate-lanceolate, with a long cusp. Spikes short, square ;
bracts ovate-lanceolate.

Hab. Mountains of oe at 5000 feet, Funk & Schlim 3821.

75. 8. penstrousa Spruce in Hook. 2 Cent. Ferns, t. 85.—
4-6 in. long, decumbent, cane at the tip, copiously pinnate, Dass
<a sparingly compound branches. Leaves of the
- bo ahs on the branches and main stem, oblong

upper plane } as long, ovate, acute, not cuspidate, much imbricate
eee short, square, 4 lin. diam.; bracts acute- lanceolate, strongly
Hab. On the Orinoco, in damp sha rro de
Morro, Spruce 8809 ! : ss ate
76. S. penupara Spring Mon. ii., 84; Lycopodium denwlatum
Willd.—Stems tr — a span long, subterete, striated, neue arly
branched, the very flaccid branches laxly ‘sparingly bra
Leaves of the lower plane crowded towards the tip of the crete
spaced on the stem, ovate, subobtuse, a line long, horizo nes
rather rigid in texture, not ciliated, subequilateral, subcordate on
both sides at the base; those of the upper plane but little cmaticd.
— acute. Spikes short, square; bracts ovate-lanceolate, strongly

Hab. Jamaica, Swartz. I have not seen this.

A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS SELAGINELLA. 243

77. 5. pipymostacuya Spring Mon. ii., Pa Fée Fil. Ant. t. 34,
fig. 4 ; Lycopodium did, renee: yum Desy., L. denudatum H. & G.--
Siem trailing, 4-1 ft. long, pyramidal in general outline, often
forked low down, aie upwards on the face, copiously pinnate,

oblong, obtuse, 3-1 lin. long, bright green, moderately firm in
texture, more produced on the upper side of the midrib, eh it is
cordate at the base and much imbricated over ss stem; leaves o
the upper plane half as long, ovate, minutely cuspidate. Spikes
in. long, square, } lin. diam.; bracts ovate, acute, crowded,
strongly keeled.
Hab. Mountain woods of Jamaica and San Domingo. There
is a specimen in the Smithian herbarium from Swartz, from Jamaica,
of a dwarf variety with sg ra close rigid leaves of the lower
plane not more than 4 lin. long.
78. S. guatemalensis, n. sp.—Stems pei about 4 ft. long,
pyramidal i in ranioeal outline, convex on the face, flat on the back,

much rounded and imbricated that the branch is quite hidden ;
leaves of the upper plane a third as long, oblique oblong-lanceolate,
shortly cuspidate. Spikes square, }~} in. long, 3-1 lin. diam. ;
bracts ovate-lanceolate, prone strongly keeled.
Hab. In eres at Coban, Salvin & Godman! In Nicaragua
at Chontales, R. 7
79. &.

branched, wit ing branches. Leaves of the lower
plane s reading: or ascending close, oblong- — eerie
1-12th to 1-8th in. long, moderately firm in texture, much mo

cated. Spikes copious, square, }~1 in. long, 1 esces
ovate, acute, much imbricated, strongly keeled.

Hab. British Guiana, Appun! Drake! Amazon Valley, Spruce
204 inas Geraes, Lindberg! Habit of S. flewuosa, from which
it recedes by the very cordate upper base of the leaves ‘of the lower
plane. Spruce 4781, from the Rio Negro, comes midway between

from the type by its narrower and more decidedly acute leaves of
the ras plane, which are also ge cordate on the upper side at
the bas

‘6. guyanensis Spring Mon. ii., 184.-Stems decumbent,
above a foot long, pine copiously ‘pinnate, the -branches but
little compound. Leaves of the lower plane spreading, linear-
oblong, middle-sized, os three times as long as broad,

@

944 A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS SELAGINELLA.

nearly ae serrulate, subcordate and shortly ciliated on
the upper side at the base; leaves of the upper os very small,
cordate ovate, ie a ee cusp. Spikes square, } in. long; bracts
ovate cuspidate, strongly keeled.

Hab. French Guiana, Leprieur. A i ally of S. Gardneri.

81. S. Garpnert Spring Mon. i., ; S. geminata Fee
Bras. Suppl. oe honk 108, ae 4,——Stems a ft. long, decumbent
thro at, ent in the upper half, aig pinnate,

gho urg

moderately stent: flat on the Sock convex on the face, the ascending
branches copiously flabellate-pinnate. Leaves of the lower plane
spreading, slightly spaced, nearly oblong, subobtuse, 1-12th to 1-8th
in. long, dark green, firm in texture, minutely ciliated on both sides,
porta cordate on the upper side at the base and much imbricated
over the stem; leaves of the upper plane half as long, imbricated,
oblique ovate, with a distinct cusp. Spikes }-4 in. long, 1 lin

diam., square; bracts ovate- bee een) strongly keeled.
Hab. Organ Mountains, Gardner 5958 ! Glaziou 44841! 7282!
In the type the root-fibres are eaitaed to the nodes of the lower
part of the stem. S. ericoides Fée Fil. Bras. 228, tab. 75, fig. 2, is
a decumbent variety with shorter leaves, and root- fibres extending
to the upper nodes ; and S. macrostachya Spring Me ii., 183, is a

lees form, with unusually — ge (4-1 in. long).

82. 8. riexvosa Spring Mon LBL 5 8, bella Fée Fil. Bras.
saya 100, t. 108, fig. 8; Lyiouuaban stolonife um Radd. Fil. Bras.
‘2: L. brasiliense Desy.—Stems about a foot long, flat on the
back, subterete on the face, seeetaegs branched, the lower branches

elongate and copiously compound, the upper part assurgent an
root-fibres often only dev aiypet: sie the lower half. Leaves of
the lower plane er spreading, bright green, oblong-rhomboidal,
subacute, 3} in. long, moderately firm in texture, more produced

ru

alongcusp. Spikes 4-1 in. long, square, 3—1 lin. diam. ; bracts
ovate-lanceolate, } lin. long, sided sharply keeled.

Hab. Common in South Brazil.

83. S. Seemanni, n. sp.—Stems trailing, about a e songs the
root-fibres not extending to the upper nodes, 1-2- on the
face, flat or terete on the back, dycstuidad in cout aac
copiously pinnate, the lower branches elongated, copiously co
pound. Leaves of the lower plane crowded on the Son lela:
spreading or rather ascending, oblong- laiaaeiady: acute, 1-12th
to 1-8th in. long, moderately firm in texture, rather more produced
on the upper side of the distinct midrib, broadly rounded and
ciliated at the base, and a little imbricated over the branch;
leaves of the upper plane a third as long, eh a imbricated, shoitly
ran. Spikes short, copious, 1— i diam., not sharply

uare; bracts ovate- lanceolate, 4 lin line

Hab. Cacaqua, New Granada, Seemann 1006! A near ally
of S. flexuosa.

(To be continued.)

245

FERNS COLLECTED BY THE REV. J. HANNINGTON
EK. TROPICAL AFRICA

By J. G. Baxer, F.R.S.

Tue following is a list of a small collection of Pteridophyta,
a recently by the Rev. J. Hannington, of Hurstpierpoint,
in an expedition made from Zanzibar to the Victoria Nyanza Lake,
with descriptions of the novelties. The ferns were mainly collected

in the be as territory, between six and seven degrees south of
the equat

cae dichotoma Hook. A, Capillus-veneris L.
Davallia thecifera H. B. K. A, hispidulum Sw.
Actiniopteris radiata Link. Pellea hastata Link.
Preris it ita Retz. P. geraniefolia Link.
P. aquilina L. P. Doniana Hook.
albanian: dinntands P.p a ieee Baker.
Cheilanthes gr ee Schimper Kun

oblo
membranous, persistent, with a dentate margin.— ‘
vagans Baker, from which it differs by its slender itor chis
and distant pinnew, the lower subopposite, the ee? alternate.

Asplenium pumilum Sw. N. molle Des
. illd. Nephrolepis oordifolia Pres
Neperieer albo-punctatum Polypodium (Drynaria) Will
Desv denovit ;
18* Notochiens tricholepis, n. sp. — Rootstock not seen.
tipes , castaneous, 2~8 in. long, clothed in the upper part
with dense adpressed small brown hair-like palex, which cover the
whole rachis. Lamin Pia: epitarepes bipinnate, 4-5 in. long,
green and thinly plies above, densely clothed all over beneath
with a thick coat of brown or drab sper rete inne lanceolate-

deltoid, sessile, more produced on the lower side, cut down to the
rachis into close entire obtuse lingulate pinnules 4 in. broad. “Boni
brown, forming a dense border all round the pinnules. Allied to
the American N. mollis Kunze

Ophioglossum reticulatum Z S. Mittenti Baker.

Selaginella rupestris Spring. Azolla nilotica Dene.

246

SHORT NOTES.
ooh New British Puanr. —Nasas MaJor All.—On the 21st of J =

&e. hart HUR BENNETT.
RNACULA oF URicuLARIA INTERMEDIA. — Writing of the

(Proc. Royal Irish Academy, 2nd ser., iii., 700):—‘' This plant
forms hybernacula, and if qe fragile. atem be lifted gently and
traced through the mud with the fingers for the root, a little
tuberous formation i the size of a bean will usually be found at
the end of the stem. This habit is not mentioned in the British

text-books, but Mr. Baker net ds me that there are prec
exhibiting these hybernacula at Kew. I have seen —— oped

from the point at which the arrested growth recommences the
following season. Such a means of living is the more necessary to
the present species, since it rarely seeds itself.”

Eymvs arenarrus 1x Co. Dusriy.—In he middle of last JuneI
found this rare and handsome northern s on the coast below
Skerries in two a profusely, a locality which has not been much
botanized. Close by, T’rifolium scabrum grows in great abundance.

Wexford coast, but is hardly, as I think, native. The present
habitat, which is See ties tn ie is perhaps the southernmost
limit of its indigenou in Ireland. In the same locality I

also observed Salvia Vancenids apparently at its northernmost
habitat.—H. C. Harr.

Maaenploushire amongst high and grass on a eae 1a,
about a quarter of a mile from the peat soil of the fens, and y
miles from the salt water of the Wash at Lynn. I have patetes

Watson named the sea-side t for and I am indebted to
Messrs. Baker, A. Bennett, Rg Babington, te the determination
of the Pidley SS which closely resemble those from
Hunstanton.—Aurrep Fryer.

Car a VAR. PSEUDO- — IN WorcESTERSHIRE.—
While sas Polaniliig with Mr. R. F. Towndrow at Malvern Link,
we met with a Carex which Mr. Arthur Bennett has confirmed as
the above. It was growing with Carex — —— We saw
about three or four plants of it. —ALYR RED Wat

VEGATATION OF COQUIMBO, 247

scorea Swinnort Rolfe (Journ. Bot, 1882, p. 359) is, we are
informed by Dr. Hance, indentical with his D, doryphora, published
n Ann. Sei. Nat. (Bot.), 5th S. v. 244 (1866).

VEGETATION OF COQUIMBO.

[We are indebted to Mr. John Ball for the following abstract
of a letter recently received by him from Prof. F. Philippi.]
Professor Frederick Philippi, the son of the veteran explorer of
Chili, has lately returned from a very interesting excursion in the
province of Coquimbo, still imperfectly known to naturalists.
Although Coquimbo lies but a short distance north of Valparaiso—

the climate is remarkably different, as its northern border is on
the verge of the so-called rainless zone, and the annual ge in
the coast = ranges from five to ten inches only. e low
country near Ovalle on the river Limari the vegetation wed ie
mainly of "Cates and rely aes Composite, with a few fruticose
representatives of other natural orders, of which ‘Cor dia decandra
is mentioned as especially ornamental. Herbaceous vegetation is
extremely scanty, and scarcely to be found except in spring.
m

t

in hei ght. This range is known in the country as the mountain
of Frai Jorje, and the height is sabuaated by Mr. Philippi at about
1500 metres. During the greater part of the year the summit is
covered with a stratum of fog which extends downward for a son
hundred feet, and then abruptly ceases. On making the

he found to his surprise that the upper part, gaaly tices
with the limit of the fog, for a distance of 8 or 9 miles in length

magellanicu In descending the mountain Prof. Philippi was
struck by ie extreme abruptness of the change in ~~ ee ae
on emerging from the fog zone. ‘‘ A few steps farther down,” as
he states, he found Pourretias, Haplopappus, and thes species of
the arid region. The existence of such southern plants in this

ing, 80 a9 as we ow, no
ec
may pos have ecated ae the range of the Andes and

ably
thence ‘aR carried to t
migration of birds on the western side of the continent is more

248 NOTICES OF BOOKS.

fully known some further light may be thrown on the subject.
As the season advanced Prof. tae cea ms course to the
eee of the Cordillera range lying near the sources of the river
cuna, and was able to make very neorae botanical —
which probably include several new forms. But of even greater

excursion. Excepting at one a where they are broken by the
protusion of a pyroxenic rock, Prof. Philippi found this portion of
i t

which specimens were s
he more detailed account - this interesting expedition which
Professor Philippi will fo Euros wre to the public will be anxiously
awaited by naturalists in Eur

NOTICES OF BOOKS.

The Fertilisation of Flowers. By Prof. Hermann Miituer. Trans-
ed and edited by D'Arcy W. Tuompson, B.A., Scholar of

Trin. Coll., Cambridge. With a Preface by Caries Darwin.
With Illustrations. London: Macmillan & Co., 1883; pp.

Pror. Hermann Miter, of Lippstadt, has long earned for him-
self the ‘first lass among the observers of those relationships
between the needs of insects for obtaining honey from flowers and

ood of li
th insects and flowers. It nsciled a trained entomologist and
botanist in one, and at th e time a man of keen powers of

observation and unwearied industry, to solve the problems which
arose in each separate case of mutual adaptation—a task which

blumen, ihre Befruchtung durch Insekten.’ Mr. D’Arcy Thompson
now presents us with a translation of the former of these two works,

account of these would have made the work a more complete

record of our present state of vying regarding the part played
by insects in the fertilisation of flowe

he families of insects écneeasa ¢ in the fertilisation of flowers

are mainly four, viz. :—in the order of their importance (1),

Hyme fly we; (2)

(3) Lepidoptera ; @) Coleoptera. The special adaptations of struc-

of the insects belonging to these groups for the obtaining of
ectar and pollen, and for the transmission of pollen, are most

clenay dseivtbe by Prof. Miiller in the raise ores portion of his
ork, the understanding of the text being aided by admirable

x

NOTICES OF BOOKS. ~ 249

drawings of the various parts concerned of the different insects.
Sr greater part of the volume is then occupied with a description

every species of plant observed by the author, as far as regards
its floral structure, with special reference to its adaptation to the
visits of insects; and to this is appended a list a all the insects
observed by him to visit this particular species. A mass of
a is thus accumulated which is invalaable to the student

n
of knowle ten may be iinet This will be further increased by a
compound microscope for the purpose of seahie the cm
minute points of structure in both insect and flower, and the
olle

cy Thompson has rendered good service to the English
naturalist unacquainted with German in this translation. As far as
we have observed, the rendering is faithful and accurate; and in one
respect the English translation is decidedly superior to theo riginal—
in the ah scientific arrangement of the species described, ‘blomine
the system of Bentham & Hooker’s ‘ Genera Plantarum,’ instead of
the very Masatieheness German classification, which begins with
Juncacee and ends with Valerianacee. The kindly preface from
r. Darwin was one of the very last of his writings. A
most useful Ssblisirapley of the subject (which has also been issued
separately) adds greatly to the value of the work. A.W.B

General Index to the Latin names and Synonyms of the Plants depicted
in the first 107 volumes of Curtis's Botanical Magazine, to which
is added a Short List of Popular Names. ited by Epmunp
Tonks, B.C.L. 8vo., pp. vi., 263. London: Quaritch, 1883.

e importance of general Indexes to figures of plants age
8

artic the
been “peta - by an e sathaaaetia naturalist, Mr. Henry Buckley,
fo n use,” he undertook to edit it and bring it before the
public.
Mr, Tonks deserves all credit for his good intentions, and his

i

250 NOTICES OF BOOKS.

work will no doubt be useful to the country | and others
who have sets of the ‘ Botanical Magazine on their shelves.
The volume is well printed, every other page ‘og blank, to allow
of the interlineation of additions. But we regret that he did not see
his way to following the advice of ‘‘ the authorities at Kew,” who
said ‘that to be a creditable performance the index should be
revised by a gompetant botanist.” Mr. Tonks frankly tells us
“that he is not a botanist, but only a lover of plants’’; and his
having ‘“ taken some liberties with the names” is evidence of this,
as well as his justification of this line of conduct by the statement
that ‘“ botanists’ evonsloiure is very curious, and apparently
limited by no rules”!

One or two © instances of the mode of treatment adopted will

book

serve to give an idea of the insufficiency of the book. Mr. Tonks
says that the editors have “ frequently caper the mistake of
re-illustrating plants already depicted in their n work.’”’ Open-

ing his Index at random we find what seems re first sight to be an
instance of this—
“* Cypripedium parviflorum 22, 911
57, 8024.”
But on eegeremy3 the text to plate 3024 we find that ‘ C. parvi
florum of Old Series of Bot. Mag. t. 911, should assuredly be

cso to C. pubescens.” botanist would have noticed this
correction, but Mr. Tonks, anttally enough, has not done so; so
that his Index contains two ep ene - par eto while C.

that another rr ick atechusaty required.” No doubt in
some cases os wakes censure is deserved, as in that of Begonia
Wageneriana, figured on t. 4988, Sea again on t. 5047.

The index of synonyms, as n in the same 107 volumes, ae
suffers from want of botanical Generated. A botanist would n
have passed as a synonym such a fragment of an old desexpiv
phrase as ‘“ Alsine eed ” and would have discriminated yah:
pres synonymy. and. such as is aggane useless. Nor can we

mend the « Index oo ees uar Names.” ‘“ Fair Maids of
nee,’ for instance, is not a popular name ook the s Ranun-

enus
culus, as Mr Tonks euatns to imply, but only ie ons species,
R. attygedenen, fl. pl.

We cannot help feeling sorry that Mr. Tonks did not add to
his Deedes | a sketch of the history of the ‘ Botanical Magazine.’
Extending back, as it does, for nearly a century, such a sketch,
with lists of the botanists and artists engaged upon the work,
would have been both useful and interesting, and would have added
value to this General Index.

We are indebted to our correspondent, Mr. H. C. Hart Fn ‘
copies of two papers published by him in the last number (2nd

Ser. vol. iii. (Science), no. 10, June, 1888) of the ‘ Proceedings of
the Royal Wich Academy.’ The first is entitled ‘Notes on the

NOTICES OF BOOKS. 251

Flora of Lambay Island, Co. Dublin,’ and is so evidently a
oe ‘geal of the plants of this small island that the two
rds

paper. oSimpadis several subspecies or varieties, the flora
consists of 291 flowering plants and ferns, of which 88 species are

probably not native.” An interesting comparison is instituted
between the a of this island on the east coast and that of Inish- —
Bofin on the w Mr. Hart’s second paper is a “ Report on the

Flora of the moun riealis of Mayo and Galway.”, His most important
find is Saxifraga cespitosa, which ‘“ has rested hitherto as an Irish
plant upon the evidence of an imperfect specimen from Brandon,
gathered in 1829.” Mr. Hart found this — upon Muckanaght,
one of the Twelve Bens, or ‘‘ Twelve Pins,” as they are popularly
called, of Connemara; and his identification has been confirmed b
Mr. Baker. His notes upon the vertical range and distribution
of certain plants are full of interest. gree regard to the range
of Saxifraga umbrosa, however, Mr. Hart points out in a letter to
us, that the statement that it ‘‘ never descends lower than 1700 or
1800 feet in the Tipperary and Waterford range” requires qualifi-
cation, inasmuch as he has found it in or near the river-courses at
600 or 700 feet above sea-level—a correction which we are able to
corroborate from our own observation. We extract a note from
this paper at p. 246, and regret that we » have not space for further
a ice of this iatceodtad contribution to our knowledge of Irish
plants.

Mr. Van Voorst Sabonesye Row, H.C.) has issued two pages
of “Addenda to the Ei ighth Edition of Babington’s Manual of
British Botany,’ which may be obtained on application by pos-
sessors of the work. Descriptions are given of Selinum Carvifolia,
Spartina Townsendi, Agrostis of wit Lycopodium o arte
and various corrections are ma ** Ringwood Chase, near Lud-
low,” is given as a locality for Epipo gum aphyllum.

We are glad to learn that Mr. Alfred Fryer is engaged upon
Flora of Huntingdonshire, in which he will be glad of help. His
address is Chatteris, Cambridg ire

HE recently issued part of the ‘ Proceedings of the Bristol
Naturalists’ Society ’ contains a ete instalment (the Corolliflore)
of the ‘ Flora of the Bristol Coal-field,’ as well as the sixth part of
Mr. Cedric Bucknall’s ane: the ree District.’ In th
latter are descripti aA of two new species—Peziza Arctii Phillips,
Stictis pteridina Phill. & Buck. "We ocala. suggest that the extracts
from Sir J. E. Smith, and similar notes upon the general history
of the ot _— well be omi ited

Leesti which appeared i i sae fee for prey accompanies
part v. The date of siscan pes suggests that our ‘Yorkshire

252 NOTICES OF BOOKS.

friends are a little behindhand with their work; but it is sgbene des
to see how thoroughly they confine their public ation to matter
connected with the natural history of their district.

Mr. Wituiam Hopeson operetta some ‘Notes on the Flora
of the Ullswater District’ in part vii. of the Beret of the
Cumberland pecan ag et i Ayaibainent of Literature and

Science. What appears to be a very complete list of the plants
found within the district | i Nhs “Olisesiari is given as an appendix.

We are glad to welcome an addition to our local natural
history siblicetions’ in the shape of ‘The Rochester Naturalist: a
Quarterly Record of the Rochester Naturalists’ Club.’ Mr. John
Hepworth gives a paper on “ Rochester Umbellifere,” with a
localised list of the species found in the district, and the report of
the club evidences botanical work. We hope the Rochester
naturalists will obtain sufficient support to are them to
continue this well-printed little journal, wh ~~ is issued (by
Wildish, Rochester) at the very low cost of 1s. per annum.

Mr. H. D. Getparr publishes a list of se Manin Algee
of Norfolk in vol. iii. of the ‘Transactions of the Norfolk and
Norwich Naturalists’ Society.

Tue last part (fasc. 89) of the ‘ Flora Brasiliensis’ contains the
beginning of the Melastomacee (Microliciee), by Prof. Cogniaux.

ue Westbury House School Ephemeris’ is a little mon nthly
journal i issued by a school at Worthing in which commendable

ce
cee S
0Q
aa
|
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“—
ro)
=
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ES
of
Ae
Low |
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ae
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2:90
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Bem
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: Se
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ve

described varieties of plan Sack as “ Lychnis vespertina intermedia
* and ‘* Polygala sie erecta MS.,” and to pay a little more

attention to the spelling of proper names.

Mr. C. Forp, of the Botanic Gardens, Hong Kong, sends us &
printed “ Index of Chinese Plants in Journal of Botany, vols. i. to
XvViil.,” which, we believe, was mainly i, ey by Mr. F. B. Forbes
for his own use e, and has been put in type for the benefit of those
Sse interested in the Chinese Flora, to whom it cannot fail to

Tue ‘ Report and Transactions for the year 1882’ of the Bir-
mingham Natural History and Microscopical Society forms a neat
8vo volume, the Report occupying 57 and the Transactions 133
pages. The latter are “besser ne the ‘ Meats Pesos :
and include Mr. W. B. Grove’s papers on the My
the reclassification of the Srshinan: We should ‘like ae pat pa
' prominence given to local matter

recently issued part of the ‘ Philosophical Transactions’
contains a long and important paper on the botanical results of
experiments on the mixed herbage of permanent meadows, con-
ducted for more than twenty years in succession on the one land,
by Sir J. B. Lawes and Drs. Gilbert and Masters. We hope to
recur to this on an early occasion.

ARTICLES IN JOERNALS. 258

Tue last part (concluding vol. vii.) of the ‘ Proceedings of the
Linnean Society of N.S. Wales’ contains descriptions of eight new
Agarics and a Sclerotium, by the Rev. 0. Kalchbrenner; a con-
tinuation of the Rev. J. E. Tenison-Wood’s ‘Botanical Notes on
Queensland ; a paper by the same author on a species of Brachy-
phyllum from Mesozoic Coal- beds, Ipswich, Queensland; and an
interesting account of Utricularia dichotoma, by E. Ha

Booxs. — R. Brn ‘Student’s Guide to peels
Morphological, and Physiological Botany’ (8vo, pp.
J. & A. Churchi ill). — J. Van ‘ Recherches physico- brie
sur a irre végétale’ (8vo, oh. xv. 844: Paris, Lechevalier). —
L. Criz, ‘ Nouveaux Eléments de Botanique’* (8vo, pp. vi. 1158;
Paris, Doin n).—C. Satomon, ‘ Nomen — der Gefaisskryptogamen ’
(8vo, pp. x. 385 : Leipzig, oy: — E. Lamserr, ‘ Traité pratique
de peta ue’ (8vo, pp. 501: Paris, Firmin-Didot).— J. D.
Hoox ‘Flora of British India’ (part x. (Asclepiadee—Seroph-
Teas: pp. 256: L. Reeve). — A. Oxorny, ‘Flora von Miahren -
und dsterr. Schlesien’ (8vo, er i., pp. 268: Brinn, Bur art). —

; Bot
(fasc. i., 8vo, pp. 720: Paris, aches te). — E. Tonxs, ‘ General
MOOSE Wes 107 vols. of Curtis’s Botanical Magazine’ Sales
8vo, pp. vi. 268: London, Quaritch, £1. 1s. Od.). — H. Miituer &
D’Arcy W. Tompson, ‘ The Fertilisation of Flowers’ (8vo, ip: 2
669: London, Macmillan, £1. 1s. Od.), —L. H. Grinpon, ‘ The
Sie a Flora’ (Svo, pp. xii. 318: Man chester, Palmer & Howe,
6d.).—M. T. Masters, ‘ Plant Life’ (8vo, pp. viii. 142: London,
Beaaby, Agnew & Co., 2s. 6d.). — A. DeCanpoute, ‘ Nouvelles
Remarques sur la Nomenclature Botanique’ (8vo, pp. 79: Genéve,
Georg. — J. Hormann, ‘Flora des Isar-Ge bietes” (Svo, pp. Ixlv.
877: Landshut, 3 m.). — W. von Zwacks-Houznavsen, ‘Die
Lichenen Heidelbe ergs’ (8vo, pp. iv. 58: Heidelberg, Rihecy im —
. Watson, ‘ Topogr Sphieal Botany,’ ed. 2 (8vo, pp. xvii. 6
London, Quaritch, 16s.).

ARTICLES IN JOURNALS.
American Naturalist.—J. B. Ellis, ‘ Notes on Study of Fungi.’
Botanical Gazette (June). — J. H. Redfield, Biography of Dr.
William Baldwin (1779—1819). — E. J. Hill, ‘ Aster or Solidago ?
—A. F. Foerste, ‘ Morphological Notes’ (on bud-scales). — (July).
H. W. Ravenel, Biography of Stephen gyn (1771—1830).—
W

G. Engelmann, ‘ Vitis palmata Vahl.’ — Farlow, ‘ Phallus
see =. (= P. duplicatus Bosc.).
ische Zeitung (June 8-29), — H. Kurth, ne yond
Zopfit ‘ ete ate).—(July 6). J. Wiesner, ‘ Ueber die Wach
sweise des Epicotyls von Phaseolus multijlorus.’ — P. oan
: “a oe der Wurzelknotenbehaarung.’ — (July 18). J.
‘Ueb e influss der strahlenden Warme auf-

Wor
bib sonic Pllscsenthada

* The date on the title-page is 1884.

*

254 ARTICLES IN JOURNALS.
Botanisches Centralblatt (No. 23).—J. H. Wakker, ‘ Ueber Hya-
cin then Krankheiten.’ — (No. 24). V. v. Borbas, ‘ Epitlobium
; Borb.’ — (No. 25). N. Pringsheim, ‘ Ueber der vermeint-
lichen Amoben in den Schlaiuchen und Oogonien der Sapro-
legnieen

Bull. Bot. Soc. France (xxx., pt. 2; July). — A. Legrand,
‘Notices sur quelques plantes critiques ou peu communes ’ (Poly-
gonum Debeauati, n. sp.; Corsica, Debeaux, 6 Oct., 1869).—E. Mer,

u dépéris Epicea.’ oy. Payot, ‘Sur une
transformation du Rosa alpina. — ©. Flahault, ‘Sur quelques
formes de Nostoc’ (1 (1 plate). ——E. Prillieux, ‘Le Tacon des Safrans.’
—C. E. Bertrand, ‘Sur la nature morphologique des rameaux
aériens des Psilotum adultes..-—- M. Mazé, NE des
Arbres 4 la Guadeloupe, avee leurs noms vulgaires.. — E. Mer,
‘Recherches sur les causes de la structure des fouilles.’

Bulletin of Torrey Botanical — (June). — mee EK. Davenport,

nora solum), Deyeuxia Tweedyi Seribn., Trisetum Brandey
Scribn., Poa nevadensis, Vasey ined., spp. nn.).

Fora (May 11). — H. Dingler, ‘ Beitrige zur Aap gm:
Flora Il.’ (Peucedanum Spreitzenhoferi, Johrenia Engleri, s
—F’. Pax, Flora des Rehborus bei Schatzlar ’ (contd. )— (May 21),
‘ Leskea? Heldreichii Fehlner, n. sp.’ (1 plate). — A. Uatobale
‘Ueber Sporenabschniirung und Sporenabfallen bei den Pilzen.’—

(June 1). J. Miiller, ‘ ragga cpee cer A Sty nae:
Campylothelium, Pseudopyrenula, gen. nov.).—(June 11 & 21). Id.,
(Haplopyrenula, gen. nov.).——(July 1). a faint. ‘ Beitrage zur

Kenntniss der Caliceen’ (3 plates). H. Din ngler, ig
orientalischen Flora’ ‘Ve istolochia Stee n. sp.). — (Ju Bar
Continuation of Nueber’s and Miiller’s papers. — (July 2 i).
Reinsch, ‘ Ueber faFaaitinchs Algen ahnliche Pflanzen in és
Russischen Blitterkohle und iiber die Natur der Pflanzen, welde
diese Kohle zusam mensetzen’ (3 plates). — (Aug. 1).* Conaliaio
of ere s and Miiller’s papers (Willeya Mull. es Lex nov. )——
Aug. 11). P. F. Reinsch, in neuer algoider s in der
tigmarienkohle von eee (Russland)’ (1 lab air ‘ Notiz
iieber die neuerdings in dem Polarkreise entdeckten Stein kohlen-
flotze.’ arsten, ‘Zur Kenntniss der Entwickelang der
Cinshonnn: Alkaloide. ’—(Aug. 21). C. Warnstorf, ‘ Die Torfmoose
des v. Flotow’ a_i Herbarium im Kénigl. bot. Museum in Berlin

(1 plate). — H. Hoffmann, ‘ Torrubia cinerea Tul. f. brachiata’
(1 plate). — . Heimerl, ‘ Ueber Achillea alpina Li. und die mi
men bezeichneten Formen. Sept. 1). eae on

— (Se
Achillea alpina, and Pax on Flora des ies (contd.
Garden (June 80), — Sisyr inchium grandiflorum, ic. pict. —
(July 21). Calanthe Regnieri, ic. pict.

* The ae Pisce ale ach — ck marten absence from home has caused
him to send o mobers a: ted.

ARTICLES IN JOURNALS. | 955

Gardeners’ Chronicle (June 30). oe Forstermanni Rehb. f

Saccolabium Berkeleyi Rehb. f., spp. nn.— Primula _— (fig. 138).

—(July 7). Hpidendrum inocohtrsin Rehb. f., rscewiezella picta
Rehb. *., C wpripedinen Curtisii Rehb. f., spp. nn. -— Hoya linearis,
var. sikkimenss s (figs. 1, 2).— J. G. Baker, ‘Species of Tulipa’
(contd. ; 7’. macrospeila, sp. n,). — ‘A hybrid Raspberry ’ (ig. 3).*
—R. A. Rolfe, ‘Peloria of Tetramicra bicolor’ (fig.
Hemsley, ‘Why Figs cast their fruit.’ — (July 14). Meadesallih
iene Rehb. f., Rodriguezia hecana Rehb. f., spp. nn. —— Plagio-
lirion Te Baker (gen. & sp. n.).—Amianthium muscetoxicum
(fig. 7). — ‘ Lis - seg — (Epidendrum). — ‘ Growth of
Conifers ’ a 9). — (July 21). sy aca gpesss heterandrum
N. Br 3 ecko Stains Baker). — J. G. Baker,
: Specis - ee (contd.).--W. B. He Pe: ‘Social Life of Ants
and Plants.’ — ‘Monstrous Cypripediums’ (fig. 12). — (July 28).
Moviliertal irrorata Rehb. f., Cattleya Bestiaietions Rehb. f., Avch-
mea Barleei Baker, spp. nn, — C. B. Plowrighl, ‘ Mr. Jensen and
the Potato Disease.’ —— Playiolirion Hersmanni (fig. 16). — Sarco-
podium stg . n. 2 (fig. 17).

Jou al Microscopical Soc. (June). — M. Morris & G. C.
Mandoesin a; eae tion pe Life-History of Ringworm Fungus
(Trichophyton tonsurans’ (1 plate).
re: Naturalist. — ¥ B. Grove, ‘Fungi of Birmingham’
contd.).

Naturalist. — R. M. Christy, ‘ Fems of York.’ — H. Boswell,
‘ New British Moss’ (Bryum gemmiparu

Nuov. Giorn. sree Ital. — M. Lojacono, ‘Clavis specierum Tri-
foliovtira? — A. Mori, ‘ Sulla struttura delle foggli delle Kricacee.’

— U. Martelli, ne Composte raccolte dal Doltor O. Beccari
nell’ archipelago Malese e nella Papuasia’ (Bluwmea Arfakiana,
Senecio sumatranus, Lactuca Kintilinds spp. nn.).

(Esterr. Bot. Zeitschrift. — H. Zukal, CD ee Kerneri, sp. n.’
(1 plate). ao Celakovsky, ‘ Melica picta C. Koch.’ — V. v. Borbas,
‘ Rosa Pokornyana Kmet.’—P. G. Strobl, : Flora des Etna’ (contd.).
— B. Blocki, ‘ Beitrag zur Flora Galiziens uad der Bukowiana’
(contd.).

vallaria majalis.’ — (June 80). E. E. Sewell, * Notes on Abnormal

Flowers.’—(July 14). HL. McCallum, ‘ Seeds of Camellia drupifera.’
Science-Gossip.—P. Ewing, ‘Flora of Ben Laoigh’ (Grampians :

includes Mosses and Hepaticw). ——- J. Spencer, ‘ Recreations in

Fossil Botany (Sporocarpons and ne nc Sarma — W. B. Plow-
right, ‘ Aicidium of Ranunculus Ficaria

s is said to be a Ps shin between the Raspberry and the Strawberry ;
we are indebted to the Rev. W. Newbould for pointing out that the figure
‘well represents Rubus ce i vieeets z.]

256

LINNEAN SOCIETY OF LONDON.

June 21, 1883.—Professor P. M. Duncan, Vice-President, in
the chair.—The following sect relat were balloted for and elected
i und J

specimen of Polyporus sulphureus was exhibited for the Rev.
arland; it was obtained from the stem of a yew tree in ‘the

tralia, were sh r.C nard; among these were species
of Tasmatioverhn Hisothecar yon, Ochthodocaryon, Spondylostrobus,
Plesiocapparis and others.—Mr. W. T. Fr. Dyer exhibited several
interesting table economic products, an arks thereon.

Of a species of wax extracted by Mr. D. Morris, of Jalishioss from
Mare microcarpa, it was stated that while the berries are used for
n South Africa, the West Indian fruits had not

hitherto been fied for this purpose. Of grey camphor-like
cacy the product of Artemisia Mowa, he atone such to be
xample among the Composite; and there was a proba-

bility that this camphor was that used in the production of Indian
ink by the Chinese, and which gave the peculiar aromatic odour
to the trne China ink. A Rosar ry made of fruits of Trapa verban-

)

d candles made from Rhus vernicifera of Japan; the latter

sescmpiereg s A ales a local industry which unfortunately is now
on account of the rivalry of the cheap American oils.—

Pm ae was Saad by Mr. R. A. Rolfe, - Kew, ‘‘On the Selagines
described by Linneus, Bergius, Linneus fil., and Thunberg.” In
working up @ monograph of this Taglased order it has been found
that the species of the early writers have been entirely misunder-
stood. This has partly arisen from the imperfect practise page and
absence of authentic specimens; likewise from certain species

thus Hebenstreitia dentata L., and Selago fruticosa Li. were unknown
to Thunberg, though he applied the names to very different er :

and other instances similar in kind could be mentioned. The author
has adopted a chronological order in treating of his subject as bine
st con ted the condition of the original

specimens preserved in herbaria, and what has been done with
each by the later writers. Choisy’ s monograph in the 12th volume
of De Candolle’s ‘ Prodromus’ (1848) is taken as the latest revision
of the order. The Selagines of Bergius in Stockholm, of Thun-
berg’s in Upsala, and of Choisy’s types in Berlin, have kindly been
placed at the author’s disposal by Professors Warming, Fries, and

ichler, and a careful comparison been made of all the specimens
in the herbaria of the British Museum and Kew, some of the old
types in the diag ih being cm caged interesting.—The
following paper was taken as rea otes on some new economic
products etait ened at the Royal a ea Kew,” by Mr.
W.7.T. Dyer.

Tab.239.

Nevonan % Co.imp.

West
Hems

L,

’

diana

a.G

=
ine
:
ae

& 8
o
a
qq

arex bermu

—_

\

Re:

257

BERMUDA PLANTS IN THE SLOANE COLLECTION,
BRITISH MUSEUM.
By W. Bortine Hemstey, A.L.S.
(PuatE 239).

Since writing the descriptions of two new Bermudan plants
published at p. 104, an article on the scope of the forthcoming
volume on the Botany of the ‘ Challenger’ Expedition,* and other

result i
endemic element. The number of apparently endemic species now

known is still small: yet one at least, a palm, is a conspicuous

the subject of this paper. The existence of Juniperus bermudiana
in Jamaica has quite lately been confirmed by a parcel of Juniper-
berries sent to Sir J. D. H

Th

in number, yet among them are my /rigeron Darrellianus (see
104) and a species of Carex (H. §. xxxii. (Herb. Sloan. xxxil.
81) 88) hitherto undeseribed; the others being Sisyrinchium Ber-
mudiana (H. 8. clix. 8), Verbena urticifolia (H. 8. chx. 47: “a

. ‘ , Erigeron
ens c ius ? 8. xxxil.
81). There is also a leaf, apparently of a Composite (H. 8.
xxxii. 80), labelled ‘* Eupatorium Bermudense latifolium flos-
culis pallescentibus, Silverweed nostratibus vulgo, Pluk. Tab. 248,
fig. Conyza urticifol. Sl. Jam. 124,” which we have no
been able to identify, either from the specimen or from Plukenet’s
SF SRE ee ES care

** Nature,’ March 15, 1883, p. 462.
¢ ‘ Gardeners’ Chronicle,’ N.8., Xix., pp. 367, 431, 656.
Journan or Borany.—Vou. 21. [Supremper, 1883.) s

‘“

258 BERMUDA PLANTS IN THE SLOANE COLLECTION, BRITISH MUSEUM.

figure.* These plants were collected by a r. J. Dickinson t
about 1699, and are, we believe, the ak, ate of the

lished an account} of the plants. He particularly mentions the
Palm (a species of Sabal), the Juniper, and xicodendron
among the indigenous plants; an enumerates the following

edicag , Gentiana nana, and Oxalis Acetosella. The two eae
should probably have been Erythraa and Ovalis corniculata.
ut to return to Dickinson’s plants. It will be seen that,
besides EFrigeron Darrellianus and the Carex, he collected one other
plant that has a claim to be regarded as indigenous, namely,
Sisyrinchium Bermudiana. Michaux, it is true, does not mention
it; but he being a prisoner of war on board an English man-of-
ar, had only, through the kindness of the Ganiwsasider, 0 oppor-
tunities for two or Peet short — ec is now spread all over
the islands, and i of the co mer flowering plants. Its
claim to be ‘aaidod Geiliescous seme ts open the fact that the variety
found in the islands is distinct from the various forms of the species

This variety is taller and more robust than the others.

aed ia Species was originally conveyed to the cmp perhaps
by s e mud sticking to the claws = arsh-bird.
Gcviainly it is a . colonist in many countri multiplying and
spreading at a rapid rate. It has established itself in in various parts
of South America, Mauritius, and Australia; and in New Zealand,

* [This we have since identified with Eupatorium macrophyllum L. In H. 8.
xxxii. 80 there are only leaves; but in H.S. xcvi. 28 is a flowering branch with

a reference to Pluk. 243, 2, to which fi h name is attached as that
¢ fro erb. Sl On fol. 29 of the last-named volume is a specimen of
Da , fr ich Plukenet’s figure (243, 3) may have been

his (xevi.) is one of four forming “ an Herbarium of D: lants,

collected by Dr. Plukenet from all Parts, amongst which are rare plants gathered
; ”; the indivi pecimens bi os

P either named n It seems probable that these specimens

art n r nam 1
formed part of the incon received from the Bermudas by Petiver, and were
sent by him to Pluke }

t [Petiver ageing cent. viil., p. 80, dated Dec. 31, 1700) thus re to
him :—* To Mr. John Di ekinson I am obli iged for — Plants he lately sent me
from Bermudas ‘bee sides 2 Collections some Years agoe) with pnd a of
resi performances”; and at p. 75 ‘a 779), speaking of Juniperus bermudiana,

ays, “The Cedar of Bermuda’s, From when y Kind Friend Mr. John
Diskioes sent it me in Berry.”—Ep. Journ. Bo oa
{ Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, viii., p. 356 (1806).

g J n. Soc., xvi., p. i
|| ‘ Hortus Elthamensis,’ p. 48, t. 41, fig. 48 (1732),

BERMUDA PLANTS IN THE SLOANE COLLECTION, BRITISH MUSEUM. 259

on the authority of Dr. Hector, it is common on the hills near
Wellington, where it forms a considerable part of the pasture, and
is greatly relished by cows, yet able to maintain its cnet and even
to continue to spread. The same species, it will be remember
has been found in a wild state in several places in ielaud, though
how it reached there is uncertai

8 raed stated, the Sloane Collection contains » Kare eae
of Juniperus bermudiana from the West mame * The original J. 6

mudiana was founded by Hermann} on venile or wena stake
raised from seed received from En ee i? reported as coming
from the Berean das. All the Sridanco goes to show that Parlatore }

has given the correct synonymy of the species, that he ey
right in repanlie it as distinct from J. virginian ace
panying woodcuts, kindly lent for repebdaction by the editor of “the
‘ Gardeners’ Chronicle,’ ee a very good idea of the characteristics
of J. bermudiana, as we the differences in the foliage of J.
rol prscaiue The latter ty Sildoh slenderer ultimate peer a
maller, more acute leaves, with a distinctly resinous gland on the
fire: and there apeees to be very good distinctiv i aa aes in
the fruits and seeds of the two species ; but ray I have not yet
been able to compare fully. Sloane’s specimens of J. bermudiana
e from J ae ,§ the Baibededs and English gardens; none from

ar
. the Berm

eron Dapelibiines || (Tab. nostr. aa fig. 1) is called ‘‘Hen

Hogweed”’ on Dickinson’s label in the Sloane Collection—“‘it grows
amongst bushes and flowers in February an | March ”: and there is
a dapuinit species of H’rigeron, pes E. lintfolius, on the same sheet
and from the same country, named ‘‘ Hogweed” simply. Which bes
these two is intended by Plukenet {| under the designation Eupatori
angustiorifolio Bermudense, &c., is uncertain: the figure is not a pi
representation of either

The Cares is the most interesting plant in this collection, being

the only specimen of the genus I have seen from the Bermudas.

[H. S. elxxxiy. 3, labelled “ Bermudas Savin or Cypresse. Pl. 197, 4.” This
volume contains the “ "Arbores Barbaden met rebate of Mr. Petiver,” some
being further ey as “ very bad speci ns of Ba i trees gathered by

=
oO
‘et,
n
j=r)
"dQ
|
bx J
a]
—&
a2)
os -
<4
o
jo]
0Q
&
mS
= 55
#8
ct
ful
eo
os
ee
we
n
Ss
=
&
23%
E
ia]
—)
a

bus dicta, ab honesto viro Jacobo ean in Insula& Rarbotien Foogeeana i —

um nos td gen nat and this seems to have been taken spe i
H. S. xevi. 121, confirming the suggestion at p. 257, otnote) “that the e plants in
ot hac of Plukenet were sent to him by Petiver.—Ep. Jou oT. |

t Hort. Acad. Lugd. Bat. Cat., p. 345, with dee

t DeCandolle’s ‘ Prodromus,’ xvi., pars 2, p. 491.

§ [Sloane has in his own Jamaica collections both - virginiana (H. 5S. v. 51)
and J. bermudiana (H. S. v. 52), ths latter apogee ended o. " the hye
“precedentis varietas?” is description am
inelude both: the wood, he says, is “ extremely like, if not the ian “with ‘he
Bermudas Cedar.”—Ep. Journ.

|| [There is also a specimen at the British Museum, eollected by the Rev. R.
Hanter,. oes belled by him, “ sean on the sea-coast in the parish of Paget,
or 1844.”—Ep. Journ oT.]

. = er a t. 243, fig. 3

2960 BERMUDA PLANTS IN THE SLOANE COLLECTION, BRITISH MUSEUM.

however, to be an undescribed specie There are two culms, the
large one bearing five spikelets in a eae advanced state, and two
leaves. The glumes and fruit have fallen away from the lower half
of the lowermost spike.

Juniperus bermudiana.—a, Branchlet of adult male plant. x, Branchlet of
young ont c, Male flower-spike x 3. pb, Adult leaf “a 8. =, Male spike of
J. virginiana x 3. ¥, Adult leaf of same x 8

Carex bermudiana, n. sp. — ogre glabra, ultra pedalis.
Culmus 5-spicatus. Folia circiter 2 lineas lata,
‘Bractea infima deest, proxima superior filiformis culmum paulo
superans. Spice sessiles vel subsessiles, cylindrice, 8 Slaractes
foemines, intermedia basi foeminea apice mascula, 2 su periores
masculex ; glume ovate, breviter aristate, punctate, vix hispidule.
Perigynium Se ciaecits acuminatum, bifidum, costatum, undique

* Tilustr. Genus Carex, i., p. 66, tt. 179 & 180.

+
BERMUDA PLANTS IN THE SLOANE COLLECTION, BRITISH MUSEUM. 261

fere dyesee Styli 8. Nux breviter stipitata, subtrigona, levis,
abra. — ‘Gram. Cyp., Bermud. Lopes spicatum. A Bermud. a
D. Dickinson. — Sloan. xxxii. 88, Tab. nostr. 259, fig.
I was at o me disposed es believe it probable that not a
single pois of ip had been lost to the islands since they were
ed; but

sot t the discovery of this abe which nobody, so - as I
ow, has saheules since Dickinson, and various other cireum-
stances lead me now to a contrary td eal A very oben fact

is the great fete of a large proportion of the i heanties species.

Ma rg OL!
PG PLES
SiR

ay
<<

AAS

‘ ‘
\y
8
N
Sy

N

Ni

KS

pd ” gt 2 og PF
Se A

Juniperus bermudiana.—a, Branch of female plant. 8, Fruit x 24.

Dr. J. Rein’s list of the flowering plants and ferns collected by
himself in the islands, and which he seems to have regarded as

tolerably complete, contains only 128 species, fifty of which at jeat
are doubtless introduced plants. My list comprises about 130

the islands independently of the agency of man. In addition there
are — 130 oe introduced species. Many of the species
that n one collection do not occur in any other; and it is ver

probable has a botanist would find a number of additional species
in the marshes.

262

ARUM MACULATUM AND ITS CROSS-FERTILIZATION.
By Roserr Minter Curisty anpD Henry CorbDERr.
(Concluded from p. 240).

owerful scent or the brightly-coloured spadix attract large
J eicrais = a small . s of fly,* which, after remaining for
a moment on the r surface of the spathe, fly down into
the bulb, pb they » remain fast prisoners, securely shut in by
the hairs at the mouth, haem a ee slightly downwards
admit of their Bbtanse but n their exit. The number of
these flies thus caught is Sy. aie in different flowers, but is
often remarkably large. We have both repeatedly opened spathes

ften

contain 70, 100, 100, 150, and 230 flies. On the Ist of May, 1882,
we found a large spathe during the See with the spadix cold

and pollen shed, in which we actually counted no less than 365
live flies and 12 roe pe or 877 i in all, the vast majority of which
were of one spec In another spathe we found 45 living and 538
dead flies. At first ‘: shoupht it seems difficult to say where such

arge numbers of these usually unnoticed insects can come from;
but they are so minute that they are tery easily overlooked, and a
few Gay generally - seen about near large numbers of ‘Arums.
This species seems to be the Sar one a who habitually gc
the flowers of A. ma aol tum ; but most spathes contain one or two
insects of other sorts whic have | most likely got in by aptitent,
such as sm

more than one case we have observed dung-flies on the spathes,
but these are idee a too large to enter. We have also notice
that slugs (Limaz agrestis) and spiders sometimes enter the bulb of
e spa es the former probably for shelter and the latter possibly
for the flies. The heat and smell seldom last more than a few
wipe believe about six or seven, or perhaps less. Mr. Britten
dly drawn our attention to a note in the ‘ Phytologist’+ in
which Th G. B. Wollaston records that his little boy was picking

* H. Miiller, in his ‘ Fertilisation of ey (see Thompson’s English trans-

lation, p. 562), states that the only insect he has found within the spathe of

rum maculatum is the small dipter, Piychodte phalenoides, and that in great

quantities ; while ate has observed A. italicum to be fertilized by six
vr

Psychoda, Limosina, th Drosophila. He thus describes the process of fer-

tilisation :—“ In the first stage of flowering the stigmas only, which are borne
by the base of the spadix, are mature; a foul ammoniacal smell attracts the

e insects dust themselves over and over with it, and finally, be
the palisade of hairs withers in the fourth period, they pass out, and ente:
e.”"—A, W. B.

t ‘ Phytologist,’ 1857, n.s, ii., pp. 45, 46.

ARUM MACULATUM AND ITS CROSS-FERTILIZATION. 268

Arums ‘7 Chiselhurst, aud brought him one, exclaiming, “ This
thing in the middle is quite hot.”” He continues—‘ Finding that
the alate continued the whole of that and put of the next day,
I tested it by applying both the spadix and spathe to the bulb of a
good thermometer, and found that the clubby ri of the spadix

» was 71° Fahr.. whilst the spathe only 573°, making a difference of
1BgP” Avs athe seems to catch its full sore: ef of flies
very seca ergs they begin to enter as soon as ever the

As it deers Sores that they are attracted by the scent,
perhaps assisted by the spadix (Sir John Lubbo nf makes no
mention of the heat or smell, but says they enter “attracted
y the showy central spadix, the prospect of shelter or of honey’’),
fall rrakiis that they must all be caught within a very short space

he imprisoned flies a probably (as will hereafter be
shown) brought pollen from some other Arum, which they are
sure to deposit on the bic of the stigmas whilst crawling
about them orp? in the bottom of the bulb, up the sides of
which they ar able to climb, and thus the eross- fertilization
of the plant is abeeinphieben! These flies are peculiarly adapted
for the carriage of pollen, having very hairy bodies and wings ;
so that under the microscope they wa often be seen to be covered
with om

a small round hole. The ovules are now of course incapable of
receiving any further fertilization, having received the great ad-
vantage ge rossing; and hereafter we shall give reasons for
believing that this species has lost the power of self-fertilization.
At this stage a minute drop of liquid exudes from the hole in the
tip of each ovary, and as we have sometimes seen flies greeny
eter ig this it is ane of the nature of nectar, Shortl Feed

covered with it. We do not know any use for the lower circle of
hairs, which are always more or less rudimentary, unless they
are-to prevent the flies climbing up to the anthers and the space
abo - a where they would not receive the shower of pollen.
A

up, etd the flies, escaping, carry the pollen away to some

264 ARUM MACULATUM AND ITS CROSS-PERTILIZATION.

which, after again escaping, they perhaps carry to yet another
a
ecording to Darwin, Fabricius ss Sprengel net state that
flies do not again escape from the flowers of Aristolochia when
they have once entered; but this is obo usly aed as in that
is

e they ¢ not possibly assist the cross-fertilization
It is perfectly certain that the aaanty y of flies escape,
bu ertain that all do not do so owing

very keen observation is given by Darwin.t He says:—‘‘On
examining several spathes [of 4. bea , from thirty to
sixty minute Diptera ogee to thre species were found in
some of them; and many of these See were lying dead at the
bottom, as if they had been shes ea entrapped. In order to
discover whether the living ones could escape and carry pollen to
another plant, I tied, in the spring of 1842, a fine muslin bag

tightly round a spathe, and on returning in an hour’s time ees
little flies were crawling about on the inner surface of the bag. I
then gathered a spathe, and breathed hard into it; several flies
crawled out, and all without exception were dusted with Arum
pollen. These flies quickly flew away, and I distinctly saw three
of them fly to another plant about a yard off; they alighted on the
inner or concave surface of the spathe, and suddenly flew down into
the flower. I then opened this flower, and sithoagh not a single
anther had burst, several grains of ona were lying at the bottom,
which must have been brought by one of these flies or some other
insect. In another lower ‘ttle fies were crawling about, _— i

w them leave pollen the stigmas.” That some of the
ahoald die thus in the diabe seems very strange, and suggests the
idea that the plant may have some other object, besides its cross-
fertilization, in view in thus entrapping the flies; for it seems
certain that every fly that dies in a flower lessens the chance of
the

secretion of the nectar, and certainly they often do so before the
shedding of the pollen. On the evening of April 12th, 1882, Mr.
Christy eee two flowers, both of which were devoid of heat or
smell, but the pollen was not shed. One contained about one
hundred live hie and the other thirty live ie two dead ones.
sec flower, rather more advanced and with all the pollen shed,

seems, from a note kindly sent us by Mr. Bennett, that G. Kran us has
tested the eley ation of temperature, &c., in Arum italicum, and found that e
thermom eter Pete in the midst = five opening < scia rose from 17°7
44 eating commenced at the apex “ the spadix, where it was mos be
considerable, and proceeded eo alae rds. The rise of “a perature in the anther
takes place much later, and is less considerable; "ee stigmas experience no rise
at all. It wou ald be interesting to compare the eer af the means of a
tilization of drum maculatum, as given above, with the description of that

hia Clematitis, as given by Mr. aeiets (Pop. Sci. Rew: April, 1875, p. a:

+ ‘Cross and Self-Fertilization of Flowers, p. 417.

ARUM MACULATUM AND ITS CROSS-FERTILIZATION. 265

contained two live flies, and eight or ten dead ones lying at the
bottom covered with pollen. Most Arum flowers kill a few flies,
and these may of tio be found in them after the rest have
escaped; but some kill far more than others, and a few we have
noticed have apparently killed all, as they contained sometimes as
many as one hundred dead.

It seems to us rather like a piece of gratuitous kindness on
the part of the Arum for it to secrete a drop of nectar for the
flies just before | their departure, ‘‘thus repaying the insects bate
their captivity,” as Sir John Lubbock says; for the flies
hardly enter the spathes for the sake of this honey, as it iin

not exist when they do so. The plant, presumably, catches
the insects by its odour, and therefore secures all it requires

its own ends. But if cold weather were to intervene, the secretion
of the nectar would probably be retarded, and thus some of the

insects might starve. The fact, however, that most Arums kill
some flies makes one think that they must have a definite object in
so doing. We do not wish to state our belief that this object is the
obtaining of nutriment from the bodies of the dead flies, but an
observation which Mr. Christy has made formerly led us to believe
that this might possibly be the object. He has frequently seen

dead flies stuck to the tips he fter the r d
escaped, and on several of fe occasions he lainly observed
that these flies’ bodies ha n b eans or ot

tip of one of these ovaries, whilst the other wing was drawn into
the ae of an adjoining one with such force that the right wing had
been torn from tbe body. This might, however, have been
nooomiplinli by the swelling and dais growing apart of the
two ovaries rather than by suction.

With these facts before us we a ourselves whether it
could be that Arum was insectivorous, and, if not, on what
other supposition could we account fii the eee evidence ?
Being unable to answer these questions, we applied to Mr. A.
Bennett, ais has taken a very kind interest in our observations.
His reply was as follows:—‘‘I have examined under the micro-
scope several of the specimens of Arum you have been kind

nough to send me, but find no evidence 8 any absorption or
sti is th

stigmatic opening, there being no style; this opening is fringed
with hairs, which are evidently the stigmatic hairs, and have for
their Seaction the excitement of the emission of the pollen yen

266 ARUM MACULATUM AND ITS CROSS-FERTILIZATION.

ov ary is also clothed with hairs. The insect to which you called
pi attention had been caught and retained by these hairs; but I
nnot discover any evidence that the capture of insects is any
feelin of these hairs, or that there are any absorptive or digestive
glan the substance of the ovule. ct piped preserved
several specimens in aoe for “oe examination when I am
ther more at leisure.’””’ Mr. Bennett has ites been kind enough
to send us an east: from the Ttalian J ournal of Botany,* to the
- that G. Arcangeli — observed the rise of temperature, &c.,
n several species of Aracee, but does sare ae that there is
sufficient i eana _ warrant the —— of carnivorous habits
in these plants, there being a complete absence of any a ST
fluid and of any ie oka garde | in the spathe. Under all
the circumstances, it seems as if some other explanation than that
of 2 8 mt elem would ate to be sought for
fter the escape of the flies the spathe very quickly begins to
rey and we believe that very few last more than twenty-four

when mature, it only uses hours, which may be cited as
an ex e 0 Siar 6 care exercised b plants to ensure the
production of offspring ries rapidly swell and continue

growing until, about the end of June, they reach the size of large

peas, and burst the dry saiee bulb of the spathe. These ovaries

contain Senet two or three seeds each, and they remain on the
ri

oon seen in hedge-bottoms after the leaves have fallen. At the
beginning of winter the rotting of ae base of the stalk causes it “
fall to the ground, when the berries become detached. We hav
never yet detected any bird eating whuse berries, but, judging Hen
their attractive colour, it is Lodges that they are habitually eaten
by some species. The leaves last suffic rapes ‘ong to enable the
root to cee in a store of gacitions matter for in the following
spring, but before midsummer they have Sin so F euntistely rotted
away as to be scarcely discoverable in places where, a few months
earlier, they were a nt.
In spite of all these precautions for ensuring the production of
ts p:

know what the cause of this may be. At any rate it seems, from
Mr. Christy’s observation, that the plant is so strongly protero-
cover

before ening, be removed ‘the spadices, both died; but two
from which, before Ppening, he removed the anthers, and one

* Nuoy. Giorn. Bot. Teak xv. (1882), pp. 72—97.

HEPTADEM FILICUM NOVARUM SINICARUM. 267

from which, before opening, he removed the filaments, all set
plenty of seed.

On the 26th of May, 1881, Mr. Christy found a most curious
variety of | the flower in Debden Park, Essex. The external appear-
ance was exactly as usual, as also was the spadix, which was of a
deep red-purple. On opening the spathe the floral sah ese von all
found to be normal, except that no less than seven of the ovaries
were themselves developing into small spadices of er same clone
as the large one. Five of them, of which the largest was about

bases. The other two were merely small coloured tubercles on the
ends of two ovaries. Altogether this spathe ouknis ned eight more
or less perfect spadices. Another monstrosity which we gathered
on May Ist, vi had only two ovaries, one or two anthers, anda —
very short spa

With tegnedl. to the great heat ewe out by the spadix during
the maturity of the stigmas, there can, we think, be no doubt that
chemical action of some sort is at a8 root of the matter. Our
friend Mr. J. E. Clark, of York, writes that Ss is most probably
due to the slow process of oxidation which goes on day and night
in the flowers of plants. ‘It is,”’ he says, ca natural that such
heat should be further utilized in the pear siete of a peculiar

in a hea

described must require wi vo tty powerful chemical action ;
hence doubtless the large amount of material to be found in the
club at this period. But whan the heat is once over, the club is no
longer required, and very quickly withers and dries up; and as the
ovaries are at this period growing at a great rate, it seems probable
that they may draw isir sustenance from the now useless spadix
as from a reservoir.

HEPTADEM FILICUM NOVARUM SINICARUM
porricir Henr. F. Hance, Pu. D., &e.

i% 1. Blechnum Hancockii, sp. nov. — Rhizomat e parvo paleis
ferrugineis linearibus acuminatis =a foliis en a
subnullo sterilium lamina 8-pollicari crassiuscula cori opaca
lanceolata pinnatisecta segmentis utrinque cire. 30 pallineris longis
2—24 lin. latis basi lata adnatis basi superiore geodnste integerrimis
faleatis aN ema infimis sensim deminutis fertilium lamina
-8 egmentis infimis remotis abbreviatis nrg
approximatis linearibus obtusis 8-10 lin. longis 14 lin. lat
indusio intramarginali membranaceo fornicato soros obtegente.

In rupibus apertis montis olim ignivomi n ond exstincti Huang-
kong, juxta age -sui, insule Formosa, alt. 3 ped. rarissimum,
nec alibi, coll. W. Hancock, d. 27 Nov. esi, "Herb. propr. n.
22183.)

268. HEPTADEM FILICUM NOVARUM SINICARUM.

ud 2. Blechnum stenopterum, sp. nov. — Rhizomate parvo
epaleaceo, foliis ceespitosis petiolo sterilium 4 5 fertilium 8-pollicari
angulato per totam longitudinem alula 4} lin. lata bacon Leena
sterilium lamina 5-8 pollicari rrima
lanceolata pinnatisecta segmentis utrinque cire. 20 gi 22 lin.

mina 5-6 poll. longa rier te linearibus acuminatis 15-18
Gane fhiiaen latis, indusio s d
nudante.

In ejusdem ann ac precedens, rupibus nebulis imbribusque
obnoxiis, obvenit am. W. Hancock, m. Nov. 1881. (Herb. propr.
n. 22189.
Filicibus hisce duabus cum B. orientalis Sw. forma typica,
varietatibusque japonica Hook. ac blechnoidi Bak. sedulo compara-
tis, simulque perpensis cl. Franchet ee ees eas sinceras
esse species nullus dubito. Blechno, preeunte b. Mettenio,t Lo-—
mariam subicio, firmis, ae inter see a plerisque recepta,
deficientibus discriminibus
10% 8. Mieropodium cardiophyllum, sp. nov. — Rhizo
teneri repente minute sattien, foliorum distantium petiolo nutide

papi t ebenea sc in viridi tanageaae aes excurvis parallele ~
furcatis marginem versus parce anastomosantibus areolas paucas
oblongas aiferiaaniben. soris Asplenioidels itch folii longitudinem
occupantibus a costa 2-3 lineas a margine 4-6 lin. aiptan iba
indusio ape ere pallido.
ui-tan, dicionis indigenarum “Lai,” ins. Hai-nan,

d. 20 Noy. 1882, leg. rev. B. C, Henry. (Herb. propr. n, 22153.)

Gregem erpaucos complectentem ae cgi specie ee
lepida et sane distinctissima locupleto. ca ab amplissim:
Baker genus, ex mea sententia optime dist m.

0 4. Aspidium exile, sp. nov a Riwonue. . ?, foliis a
flaccidis re ferrugineo cum pagina inferiore paleis
ferrugineis linearibus exquisite attenuatis ad 8—4 lin. longis den ai
vestitis Rey 9 poll. longs laa aa lanceolate subtripinnati-
sect siccitate nigricantis supra oe rime segmentis primariis
cire. 13-15 4-5 “poll. longis 3-1 ell. latis cies petiolatis
linearibus erectiusculis incurvis apice attenuatis secundariis

lin. ae i i i

natisectis inferioribus remotiusculis superioribus erence
breviter petiolatis e basi inferiore cuneata super truncata
auriculata oblongis subfalcatis margine utroque pare: magis

* Enum. pl. jap. ii. 217.
+ Fil. hort. bot. Lips. 60.

HEPTADEM FILICUM NOVARUM SINICARUM. 269 |

distincte lobulatis lobulis apice rotundatis 7 ae niin iorse
nervis simpliciter furcatis, soris copiosis medio in ostulam

marginem sitis, indusio orbic ulari sinu np tees com a
pallide ferrugineo centro nigro aftixo

In vicinia urbis Wen-chau, prov. Che-kiang, coll. cl. W. G.
Stronach. (Herb. propr. n. 22187.)

Filicula ab omnibus <Aspidiis mihi notis probe diversa, inter
eerooboiine eleutherophlebias statuenda. Hst aliquantulo quasi

. Braunti, magis decompositum ac ramosum, simulque valde
oe utum et textu tenue. Teneo tantum exemplar singulare,

mancum

aay? §. Aepiditien festinum, sp. nov.— Rhizomate.... 2, petiolo
stramineo cum rachi sulcato ‘paleis paucis faba acuminatissi-
mis pallide cinnamomeis consito, lamina 14-pedali ovato- remo
acuminata sub-4-pinnatisecta pele me glaberrima glan
utrinque destituta segmentis primariis utrinque circ. 14 petiolstis
lanceolatis acuminatis secundariis spetiolatis omnibus anadromis in
infimis tantum segmentis primariis latere inferiore adauctis basi

pauciserratis acutis Maes simpliciter furcatas inconspicuas excipi-
entibus omnibus 3~4 soros gerentibus, indusio reniformi subplano
semilineam diametro “subanrantiaen glandulis paucis Tabata
stipitatis ciliatis.

jugo Lo-fau-shan, prov. par as m. Sept. 1882, coll.
rev. H. Faber. (Herb. propr. n. 22146.)

Filix ee ae * agmine A. emuli Sw. Me A, Forbesii
ance!, A. glabri Mett.!, et A. crenati Willd.! bus
foliorum incisura ‘ean huic, fortasse, Bah glabritate,

proximum.
(2018 6. Polypodium hemitomum, sp. nov. — Rhizomate tenui
repente paleis lanceolatis ferrugineis re pated Pics 0
vo-pilosas edentibus, foliis membranace glaberr mbitu

latis preditis lobo terminali integro fuaigine cs ind ato nervis
utrinque prominulis lobis dontntatia “costulis in parte folii terminali
indivisa nullis areolis pluriseriatis nervulis plerumque 2 liberis
preeditis.

In nemore juxta Fuk-shan-mun, secus fl. Lien-chau, prov.
Cantonensis, circ. 820 m. p. a metropoli, m. Oct. 1881, leg. rey.
B.C. Henry. (Herb. propr. n. 99104.)

Filix facie singularis, imprimis, ut videtur, P. afini Bl., P. insigni
B1., et P. dilatato Wall. cognata. Folia sterilia tantum pai

724 7. Polypodium polydactylon, sp. nov. — Rhizomate abbre-
viato radiculas ferrugineo-tomentosas edente paleis aes

lanato,
riaceis 4—5 poll. longis e basi longe exe curvato-cuneata ambitu
orbiculatis pedatipartitis lobo medio simplici lateralibus margine

270 ONCIDIUM FLABELLIFERUM PINEL. == 0. GARDNERI LDL.

superiore 3-4- partitis segmentis sursum “oeteer eit bear
tis v. obtusis 6-7 lin. ~ supra glabris fov

re notatis subtus panno ex albo fulventi e ool stellatis
diis medio aureo- sola is conflatis dense obsitis costa

supra oo. subtus parum elevata palmatim ramosa singulum

segmentum percurrente nervatione Cyrtophlebii absque maceratione

haudquaquam piruplale enda, soris inter costulas 3—4-seriatis reid

costam et marginem circ. 10-seriatis e foveolis plus minus ‘

In rupibus montis olim ignivomi nunc exstincti Ta-tun, 5 m. ap
ab oppidulo Tam-sui ins. Formose inter septentriones et perce:
siti, d. 16 Apr. 1882, rarissimum vigens detexit W. Hancock.
(Herb. prope, n. 22168.

Filix magnifica, P. tricuspidi Sw. imprimis affinis. Persuasum
est mihi Neokchel, justis circumscriptos limitibus, in posterum
genericam accepturos esse dignitatem. Vastissima Polypodiorum

- 2
|
TR we

quo in conamine, ni fallor, jampridem des vir
Maximilianus Kuhn. Interea, pee sae ittvoks vestigia b.
Mettenii persequutus, hic relinquo

ONCIDIUM FLABELLIFERUM Pinet.=0. GARDNERI Lou.
By H. G. Retcuenpacu, Fin.

I wave just noticed that M. Barbusa vegiach (G. & Sp. ii. 191)
makes the following statements :—‘‘ Cette espéce, trouvée a Novo
Friburgo, par feu M. Pinel, horticulteur frangais, 4 ia ne
par le savant professeur Reichenbach fils, comme s e
1’O. pubes Lindl.,* mais je crois que par mégarde au [sic !] contain.
pea ane lexemp ire examiné par ce professeur 4 été remis
entre m que ne lui appartenait pas, car l’espéce
en iiaatic est trés différente de celle de Lindley, nom [sic]
seulement dans la eons e et grandeur des pseudobulbes, que dans la
panicule et dan ur et grandeur des fleurs. Il suffit de dire
que le flabelliforme isi] dppurGant a le section Tetrapetala § macro-
petala de Lindley, tardis que l'autre a la section Tetrapetala § micro-
petala.” ‘Ils sont entiérement différent méme dans le facies de la
plante ; l’espéce de Lindle ae le facies d’un O. sarcodes Lindley, et

I have given this remark in’ Walpers iii., after Oncidiwm pubes
Lindl., under ‘“‘ Tetrapetala meget oe ew Na Hue: 0. flabel-
liferum Pinel in Paxton, Mag Descriptio, que

ita, inanis, nec ad iconem _ Sa sone a “Equidem plantam

* Walpers Ann, Bot, Syst. iii. 555; Lindley Folia Orch. pag. 58.

A STUDY OF THE SURVIVAL OF THE FITTEST. 271

pro Oncidio curto Lindl. habuerim.”’ Hence I suspected its being

O. curtum Lindl., a rare species, near Oncidium Gardneri Lindl.,

but inferior in beauty. It is, oo not my fault that the late

Dr. Lindley De sor ions p- 58) said, ‘* Oncidium flabelliferum

Pinel in Paxt. Mag. Bot. xvi. p. 65, is referred to pubes by Rechb. f.
iii, 655),”

Thanking M. Barbusa Rodriguez for his courteous kindness in
defending me in my suspected mistake, I must confess I did not
want it. What makes the note more surprising is, that
Barbusa Rodriguez ; comes continues in stating that I have
combined by mistake Oncidium flabelliferum gor 1 and Gardneri
Lindl. He teaches us this is not right, a

- discerning his Oncidium Gardneri and flabelliferum. 1 have only
make the observation that, whatever his Oncidiwn ‘ Gardneri

ioe ve it is decidedly not Lindley’s. We must understand this

from remark, ‘‘mézochile long’’ [why not “mésochile long’’?}.

The accuse (called _mézochile = ~ Barbusa Rodriguez) is as

short as possible in Dr. Lindley’

I amvafraid M. Barbusa Hodrigir noe saw Sere pe é cerns ,
in his life, else he would have found Oncidium flabelliferum both i
vols, iii. and v., and have felt satisfied that Professor Baishenbach,
after having spent mths all the eta time of his life in orchidic
studies, is really able to discern two such species as 0. Sibea Lindl.

Gardneri Lindl. ( fabdliforion Pinel), without looking out for an
excuse.

1 have hundreds of such remarks to make, but there is indeed
no great bap hie to waste one’s time with such polemics, which,
however, must finally be written, and shall be written, also against
Mr. G. Bentham.

A STUDY OF THE SURVIVAL OF THE FITTEST.
By J. G. Baxer, F.R.S.

_ Asour three years ago a piece of ground at Kew was specially
set apart to contain a collection of hardy herbaceous plants for the
use of botanical teachers and their pupils. It was a perfectly level
square of ground in the immediate neighbourhood of the Herbarium,
which for a long time had been covered with grass, amongst which
a few trees were planted. It was spaced out into beds with walks
between them, and about 250 species were selected, and a
tuft of each was planted in the beds. Each species bak a distinct
plot allotted to it, the soil being quite uniform, and the species
arranged according to their systematic sequence. I have now had
the collection under constant inspection for three years, and have
made a catalogue of the species, classifying them in three groups,

272 A STUDY OF THE SURVIVAL OF THE FITTEST.

according to their power ofsurvival under the conditions as explained,
Pp

grow so as to fill up their property “eh faialy, but do nae teal
and, thirdly, those that, unless they were renewed, would soon die
out and disappear. The foreman, Mr. Dewar, who has had charge
of the collection since it was started, has looked over my lists and
suggested a few alterations. I need not of course point out that
the struggle for existence nde the conditions as just explained is
something quite different from, and very much less intense than, it
would have been if the same aaioios had been ra arian upon
when grown mixed up together indiscriminately. It is very likely
that many of the species placed in the category of those that have
held their ground have not been reproduced from seed at all, but
have simply multiplied from the original stock by mere vegetable
reproduction. But of course to keep a record of a struggle for life
in which a great many species were concerned, carried on under
perfectly natural circumstances, would be a very difficult matter.

Crass A. Species that have shewn a distinct tendency to spread over
the walks and take possession of the plots of ground that belong to
_ their neighbours.

Annuals and Biennials.— Ranunculus arvensis, R. lanatocarpus,
Papaver Rhoas, P. somniferum, Eschscholtzia californica, Glaucium
luteum, Chelidonium mee Fumaria officinalis, ep ium sativum,
Capsella Bursa-pastoris, Koniga m , Iberis amara, Reseda
lutea, R. Luteola, R. iekaulben. Viela ‘telonlor: Sparvula arvensis, .
Silene Armeria, Lychnis Githago, Claytonia perfoliata, C. alsinoides,
Geranium rotundifolium, Tropeolum majus, Malva rotundifolia,
M. crispa, Impatiens pairilioek 1 . glanduligera, (Enothera biennis,
Anthriscus Cerefolium, Digitalis purpurea, Collomia grandiflora,
Atriplex hortensis, Euphorbia exigua, Bromus maximus, B. madri-
tensis, Festuca pseudo-myurus. Perennials.—Aquilegia vulgaris,
Lychnis Coronaria, Hypericum perforatum, Tellima grandiflora,
Epilobium squeitom:, E. hirsutum, E. parviflorum, EK.

montanum, E. obscu yrrhis odorata, Foniculum vulgare,
Pastinaca ven _Ligustio ain alatum, Dipsacus Pullonuti, Artemisia
oS nthemum Leucanthemum, Taraxacum officinale,

ossum officinale, Convolvulus arvensis,
Lysinackin ace Plantago major, P. lanceolata.—59 species.

Crass B. Species that have held their grownd but do not spread.

Clematis recta, C. tubulosa, a Jacquinianum, T.
glaucum elatum, Aconitum Napellus,
Peonia officinalis, Papaver pilosum, Dicentra spectabilis, Arabis
alpina, Cheiranthus Cheiri, Cardamine asarifolia, Brassica oleracea,
Sisymbrium orig or m, Erysimum virgatum, —— officinalis,
Iberis Garr , Aubrietia delteicien: Alyssum saxatile, Helian-
themum eg Dianthus barbatus, D. plumarius, rec ie chal-

A STUDY OF THE SURVIVAL OF THE FITTEST. 973

cedonica, pero arvense, C. tomentosum, Gypsophila Haire
Hypericum calycinum, H. Androsemum, Linum usitatis
. perenne, 5 ne Lavatera cretica, Malva Alce camer ‘unk.
A. officinalis, Geranium nodosum, G. pratense, G. sylvaticum,
G. Londesii, ‘G. dissectum, Onobrychis sativa, Trifolium pratense,
T. hybridum, Lupinus poh hyllus, Vicia sativa, Geum urbanum,
ins polyphy lla, Potentilla recta, P. argyro ye bernee a
Ulmaria, 8. digitata, S. Filipendula, Agrim onia aFup atoria, San-
guisorba officinalis, Sedum hison on, §. spur 5 a ice i
es japonica, Henthett ¢ glabra, Saxifraga dieheden, S. ii gulata,
othera glauca, Lythrum Salicaria, Bryonia dioica, Antheubas
state. Astrantia major, Peucedanum Petleri, Heracleum gigan-
teum, Rubia tinctoria, Asperula odorata, Galium verum, Valeriana
hu, V. alliariefolia, Campanula Trachelium, C. Lp te
Specularia Speculum, Phyteuma campanuloides, Scabiosa Colu
baria, Silphiu m ternatum, Helianthus decapetalus, Achillea Ptar-
mica, A. redboetelin, Solidago canadensis, 8. latifolia, Inula
Helenium, Cirsium monspessu ulanum, Helenium autumnale, Heli-
opsis brevis, Tanacetum vulgare, Aster simplex, Rudbeckia laciniata,
Cichorium Intybus, Eupatorium cannabinum, E. purpureum,
Polemonium ceruleum, Symphytum asperrimum tube
S. ibericum, Myos otis arvensis, Omphalodes itfelia Anchusa

matebin srg Monarda fistulosa, Lysimachia punctata,
Rumex scutatus, R. Patientia, Polygonum Bistorta, P. affine,
Rheum undulatum, Euphorbia palustris, Chenopodium Bonus-
Henricus, Jakarta arb am Nene dioica, Allium Porrum,

perenne.—144 gauees

Crass C. Species that would soon become extinct unless renewed.

Ranunculus oe Delphinium Ajacis, D. Consolida, Nigella
sativa, N. damascena, Iberis umbellata, Argemone mexicana,
Raphanus kattatns, Reseda odorata, Dianthus the Seng
Lychnis Celi-rosa, Malope trifida, Hibiscus Trionum, Lupinus
luteus, L. nootkaensis, Lat thyrus annuus, L. Ochrus ig SC
vulgaris, Cuphea silenoides, Loasa volean ica, Cucumis Melo,
Coriandrum sativum, Carum Carvi, Vaillantia muralis, Valerianella
vesicaria, Lobelia Erinus, Cam mpanula Rapunculus, Tagetes patula,
Hymenoxys californica, Phlox paniculata, P. Drummondii, Gilia
tricolor, Hutoca grandiflora, Phacilia eon raha siculus,
C. tricolor, Tpomea baat Hyoscyamus albus, Solanum
guineense, ‘Nicotiana Tabac N. longiflora, ® Gollinsin bicolor,
C. violacea, Blitum capitatum, i Raloeli Kali, Chenopodium ‘eee

-

274 A NEW PUCCINIA.

Urtica pilulifera, Cannabis sativa, Panereninns hypochondriacus,
A. chlorostachys, Hordeum jubatum, H. distichon, Avena sativa,
Phalaris ABERTADENE, Polypogon sor “Telia italicum.—

56 speci

Lee Wo ree CrN TA.
By W. B. Groves, B.A.

a several years I have been acquainted with (cidium
depauperans, Vize, which has occurred near Birmingham, at Perry
Barr, Moseley, and Sutton, on cultivated Violas; a until this
year I hee not seen the (£cidium followed by a Puceinia. This
has now appeared at Sutton, at as it seems to difter somewhat
from Puceinia violarum, I have named it P. egra. A description is
annexed.

Puccinia egra, n. sp.

I, Cecidium depauperans, Vize. — Cups on all green parts of the
plant, scattered, not collected on swollen Perit: roundis bh o
elliptic, with a torn, white, sometimes recurved margin. Spores
cn i oblong, ‘angular, smooth, orange-yellow, 17-21 y long,

3 ePuitales numerous, amphigenous, on yellow spots, not
small, scattered or collected in groups, roundish, flatly convex,
covered with the silvery shining persistent epidermis, ie elliptic or

¢ 28-80 » lon
Pustules as in Il. T eleutospores ibotis. oblong or
roundish, very irregular, rounded or tapering at base or apex,
sometimes truncate, smooth, not oatistancee: dark brown, 22-30 »
long, 18-24 » broad.
s fungus attacks cultivated Violas of all colours, white,
yellow, "bhie, “i as ee a (Ecidium appears at the end of

inte of spores may be found even on the same leaf. Its Bearish bh

effect is most marked; the stems affected by it become flaccid,
lanky and yellow, with imperfectly developed leaves. The uredo
pustules, which are confined to the leaves and stipules, render them
very weak and yellow; the epidermis remains for a long time as a
dome-shaped be el and at last splits iertalarty a Oty
longitudinal fissure. The t ssh ape are more usually bisalteat
at the septum: they appeared in Augus

275

ON THE FLORA OF INNISHOWEN, CO. DONEGAL.
By H. C. Harr, B.A.
(Continued from p, 209).

[Norz.—By an unfortunate accident a page of MS. was over-
looked at ‘the time the last part of this Flora was sent to press.
The following should be inserted after Pulicaria, at p. 206.—
Ep. Journ. Bor.]

Filago Miperaes L. — Innishowen Head, Dickie ; about Green-
castle, W. E

F. minima s Pace —Sandy warren ep Greencastle, W. E. H.

Gnaphalium uliginosum L. Common, and increasing northwards.

G. sylvaticwum L.—Cultivated orth and pasture-lands, at about
300 to 500 feet above the sea, near Carndonagh, Moville, &ec.; fields
on the south side of the Scalp.

Antennaria dioica Gertn.—On Doagh Island; a on Crock-
aughrim and Bulbein Mount, and generally freque

.B.—It is aren to find all the Trish enausian repre-
sented in so limited a spac

Senecio vulgaris L. 8. spose Ts 8. gta tea 8. pennant

Saussurea alpina DC.—Bulbein Mou ar the summit. See
Journ. Bot. 1880, p. 880, where I first nay this ae alpine plant
for Donegal: it had been previously only known from Kerry in
Ireland, although a i Innishowen,
by. Robert Brown, was in existence. Since then I have discovered
it in — pasty and Tipperary.

Arctium Lappa Li. (A. intermedium Lange).—Local, W. E. H. ;
Innishowen Head, Culdaff and Innishtrahull, Dickie; about Ard-
malin North.

Centaurea nigra Li.—Com

t@. Cya et L.—Not tthGquénd amongst flax on reclaimed lands
near Inch, &

arduus erispue L —At Knockglass, Malin, Dickie; Moet
near Culdaff, ‘ mes Hib.’ I did not meet with this speci
C. tenuiflorus Cu B VE.
near Greencastle. This plant becomes he searce in the north- sk.
lanceolatus. L. C. arvensis Curt. lustris
C. pratensis Huds.— Not infrequent, = 800 feet in a bog west
of ca Main
sana communis .—Common. This plant hice to have
cheveaeed since 1864, the date of the ‘ Flora of Ulste
Hypocheris radicata L.—Abundant
Apargia autumnalis Willd.—Abundant.
Innishtrahull, Dickie ; and elsewhere.

Var. Taraxaci Smith.
Stachys sylvatica L. ere
palustris L.— Abundant. Var. ambigua occurs at Muff, ‘ Cyb.

8. is L.—Leenane; Glengad Head; Ardmalin; sandy
Gvued | ei Teiialin South, on the west side of “Malin Head.

276 ON THE FLORA OF INNISHOWEN, CO. DONEGAL.

Teucrium Scorodonia L.—Abundant. A stunted variety, with
thick, oblong, much wrinkled and closely reflexed leaves, occurs
on the coast at Malin Head.

Pinguicula eulgaris, L.—Freq
P., lusitanica, L s=Common. "AL ae feet on the western side of
e Main.

Utricularia vulgaris L.—Race-course Bog, near Derry, and bogs
at Culdaff, ‘Fl. Ulst.’; Craig bog, between Muff and Derry, W. HK.
< og-holes on the east side of the railway near Bridge-end,
whence, like other species, it has he down into the heavy dykes
on the reclaimed land below Burnfoo
. minor L.—Bog-holes east of rae Fad in the ae ;
between gee and Lough Inn, Kast Innishowen ; oo sean
Lough and Lough Fad in plenty; bog-holes near Bridgeto
on aE east side of ne railway, with the last; Race: course Bos,
near Derry, Dr. Moore, Ord. Su ur. Re

nd
Armeria maritima Willd. Plantago Coronopus L.
P, lanceolata L.—A very stunted, linear- Gar form occurs at
cr are
a L.—Ocecurs lens eee | in dry grassy places
at ae tray and on the
major L.—F re
Littorella lacustris ik — Abundant in the mountain lakes, ex-
cepting the two quite barren ones upon
eta maritima L.—Dickie describes this as being ‘very rare on
oo apres in which he is right, 8 it is abundant on
maritime cliffs in many parts of Donegal. In Innishowen, I met
with it first about } of a mile west of the signal tower on Mali
Head; afterwards it becomes frequent round to Lough Swilly,
wherever icky headlands occur, and rarely on dry sand or shingly
shores.
Chenopodium album 1s
C. Bonus-Henricus L.—Culdaff, Dickie. Plentiful by the road-
side south of Culdaff and in the village.
Sueda maritima Forst.— Muddy shore near Fahan. Rare in

onegal.
Salsola Kali L.—At Culdaff and Malin, Dickie; at Ardmalin
South, on the west side of Malin Head; Malin Estuary.

Salicornia herbacea L.—Kstuary at Guldaff. Scarce in Donegal.
[Atriplex laciniata Sm.— ‘“‘ Sandy sea-shore, frequent,” ‘ Flor.
Ulst.’ This is certainly an error; probably A. Babingtonii (Woods)

was the species meant.

A, —— Sm. — about Ardmalin South, on the
west side of n Head.

A, Bobingtonié Woods.—-Common

A, hastata L.—Common. Var. deltoidea occurs at Glennagiveny

ON THE FLORA OF INNISHOWEN, CO. DONEGAL. 277

Rumex — Murr. R. sanguineus L.

R. obtusifolius L.—An unusually luxuriant growth of this ae
by the railway between Fahan and Inch Road was, I regret to say,
erroneously recorded as Rumex Hydrolapathum Huds. The latter
cannot therefore be included in the Flora of Donegal.

. crispus L.
[R. Hydrolapathum Huds.—Recorded by. mistake. See under
R. obtusifolius.}
R. Acetosa L. R. Acetosella L. Reames Both occur on the
summit of Slieve Snacht, 2019 fee
Polygonum viviparum L.—Ver eee are. Sparingly on Bulbein
Mount in two places, where I discovered it in 1879. Elsewhere it
occurs in Ireland only on the Benbulben and Glenade Mountains,
in Sligo and Leitrim
Pe amphibium L. —Com
P, lapathifolium L.— At Main, Dickie ; not infrequent in the
northern parts of the distri
Persicaria i ta Hy iropiper L. P. aviculare L.
volrulus L.—All common. I cannot agree with Dickie’s ssiitiak
that P. Hyiivapipe is “rather local.” In the Rape tone parts of
Ape it is a very common species. P. littorale (Link), a variety
of P. aviculare, occurs on Inch Island and by the shore at Ardmalin
South.
P. minus Huds.—Near Malin Well, Dickie.
P. Raii Bab.— Malin, Dickie ; sandy ground between Dunargus
and Malin Estuary.
Empetrum nigrum L.—-Frequent, and ee at sea-level in
many places. Summit of Slieve Snacht, 2019 fe :
{ Euphorbia Helioscopia L.—Common, but probably a colonist.
E. portlandica L.—Base of the cliffs westward of Knockglass,
Malin, Dickie; fea at Cockmanny, and at the base of Binnion
Mountain, ‘Cyb. H
+E. Peplus L ieee on. More abundant than F. Helioscopia
in some districts, and looking native, but I regard these two as
colonists in Doneg al. E. Helioscopia has a wider range north-
ward and westwar
{E. eaiqua L. on Hields on Inch Island near the Castle. Very
are i Bosingsli
Ceratophyllum demersum L.—In a marsh _ the side of the
re si Derry, Dr. Moore, Ord. Surv. Re
erna Li. mon. C. platycarpa Kate. is also common.
C hentai Kutz.—Common in ryt mountain-lakes
Parietaria diffusa Koch.—Walls 0
Urtica urens L. and U. dioica L. ogee on.
Salix pentandra Li.—In a glen above Moville.
}S. viminalis L.—Frequent, but not native.
+S. alba L.—About Ballyliffin, re poet wild.
S. cinerea L. and S. — —Com
S. aurita L.—Freque
car Since writing the above the author has discovered this species on Brandon,
in

278 DISPOROPSIS, GENUS NOVUM LILIACEARUM.

-S. repens Li.—Innishowen Head and northward, abund:

S. herbacea Lu.—Bulbein Mount, from 1200 to 1620 foals: ‘lieve
Main, at 1500 feet; Erris Mts., at 1100 feet; on Gooleross, on
rocky ledges looking north-east, at 870 and at 900 feet. This
alpine willow has been recorded from Clontygearagh Mountain, in
Derry, at 1000 feet, which was then considered the lowest elevation
in the British Islands. - Scot land its lowest recorded elevation
is at 1600 feet in Orkne

Populus tremula L. ie cliffs at Giveney and Malin, Dickie ;
Innishowen Head.

Myrica Gale L.—Frequent in the apaaaee ai districts; at 850
feet, west of Slieve Main

etula alba L Frequent, and wpemring along the coast, as at
Innishowen Head, as well as in glens, &c., inland.
(To be continued.)

DISPOROPSIS, GENUS NOVUM LILIACEARUM,
avotorE H. F. Hance, Pa. D.

Periconium corollinum, campanulatum, basi leviter saccatum,
segmentis 6, subequalibus, crassiusculis, uninerviis, tubo duplo
longioribus. orona apice tubo inserta, lobis paulo brevior, aes

n lacinias 6, staminibus alternantes, lineares, acutas,
conniventes, genitalia omnino velantes, fissa. Stamina inter
corone lobos affixa; crear brevissimis; antheris introrsis,
brevibus, dorsifixis, secus margines dehiscentibus. Ovarium sessile,
ovoideum, triga astrum, trilootiat re. ylus brevis, crassiusculus ;

affixa, horizontalia. Bac erba rhizomatosa, caulescens,
habitu Disporo p pullo Salish, non stl, foliis alternis, tenuiter
membranaceis, longitudinaliter nervosis, floribus atiebus. pedi-

enus inter Convallarieas juxta Aca aarbees collocandum, ab
omnibus ieialbens corona sane distinctissim

D. fusco-picta. —Rhizomate bee viridi, ey simplici basi

vaginis 1-2 membranaceis albi s purpureo-maculatis 1-3 poll.

tenui elevata decurrentibus acutis glaberrimis gare 5 poll,
longis ad 2 poll. latis nervis validioribus 4 intermediis tenuissimis

lin. lon
sa pun plus minus crebris purpureo-fuscis pictis, staminibus
perigonio rae fants brevioribus antheris bilinealibus.

In montibus Lo-fau-shan, prov. Gallonaese m. Septembri
1882, coll. rev. EH. Faber. (Herb. propr. n. 22186).

Character e planta viva erutus. Floret Maio.

279

SHORT NOTES.

Frora or Lancasuire. — We are pleased to learn that an i
portant gap in our local Floras i is likely to be filled up before aca:
Mr. J. C. Melvill has undertaken to collect material for a Flora of
Lancashire, and will be glad to receive lists or other information
from those aft with the botany of any part of the county.

Ne or PoTaMoGETon. oa ‘Scottish Naturalist’ for
July contains the following description

‘‘ Potamogeton pusillus L., var. Sturrock kit A. Bennett.—Stem

) 2 in. lo

much branched, 18 in. to 8 ft. long; leaves 0 long,
broad, with the secondary veins indistinct. " Stipules 4 in,,
blunt. Peduncles 1 in. to 24 in. lon ike } in., very sparingly

ng; spl
flowered ; fas io thick. A very elegant subspecies of pusillus L.,
with somewhat the habit of obtusifolius M.& K. Quite distinct

from arifthing seen from Europe or N. America” (p. 28).

** Potamogeton Seek Lis; a? rigidus A. Bennett.—Plant rigid,
fragile, leaves rigid, o 24 in. Tou acuminate, strongly
1-nerved, with two Sainte nerves in eke of syn leaves; stipules
long, eget peduncles 1 in. long; spike } in. long ; fruit slightly
smaller than in typical pusillus, ind less oitintee 4 the back.
A eealener form of suntas, gathered by Dr. Trail from the
Loch of Stennis, Orkney, August, 1876. It has much the aspect
of P. rutilus Wolfgang, but differs by its elongated internodes,

broader leaves, stipules, and fruit”’ (p. 25).

Potyroprum Dryopreris anp P. Ropsrtianum iw Bu
June the Rev. A. Robertson ae Mr. ae were botanising in
South Oxfordshire, and in a small spinney on the borders of the
county gathered some acai ns of the oak ies. As they were
not certain as to the exact rao it was found in, being unprovided
an ordnance an I went over to Princes Risborough and
walked to Chinnor, and after some time found the fern in a sm
spinney, locally known as Bollard’s Wood, which actually forms the
border of the county, the wood being just in B eur Ei amshire. The
fern i is plentiful, but restricted to a small space, and is achat
with L. spinulosa and L. dilatata. It is apparently absent from the
tkez neighbouring woe. Tunley Wood, Pyrola minor and Hordeum
sylvaticum plentifully o urring. P. Robertianum is given for Bucks
in ‘ Top. Bot., on the aithority of a specimen seen by Mr. Britten ;
but the above is the only record of Dryopteris for Central and
Southern England, the Ph stations being West Gloucester and
Staffordshire —G. C. Dru
Ss a pendant to Mr. Dies’ s note, it may be worth while to
give details as to the single instance known of the occurrence of
m in Buckinghamshire. About 1863 Mr. H. Ullyett
(now of Folkestone) pon two specimens in King’s Wood, close to
Hazlemere, a village near High Wycombe. ar most careful
search on his part, an iF vabpea tilly on mine, failed to discover
another specimen ; nor have I heard of its morals been found there

280 SHORT NOTES.

before or since. In Oxfordshire, where it is recorded as having
occurred at Wychwood dua I believe it has not been found
for many ae —James Bri

ED PLants. — . mar that Prof. Thiselton Dyer
as far akin as 1871 Falied attention in this Journal to the plants
observed on the site of the Exhibition of 1862, amongst which he
mentioned Epilobium angustifolium. Since then I have frequently
noticed that this plant has a remarkable tendency to hold its
ground wherever it once obtains a footing. On the railway rind
from Whitchurch to Ellesmere, which crosses an extensive bog
known as Whixall in. it lines both sides of the road, aia pe ea
I passed pet last week formed a very showy and ited dpe
object. I noticed the same plant on Shawbury Heath, ing an
extensive bed. en wandering up a retired “alley of iy Long-
mynd recently, near Church Stretton, I was much surprised to find
Mimulus moschatus in vigorous growth by the side of a ittle

distates up, and found it passed a cottage eset, no doubt

their gardens, and poss ssibly at some future time other instances
of naturalisation may be observed in out-of-the-way spots.—
PHILLIPS.

Myosurvu , Native or Cotonist ?— This plant, extinct
in wiokeer Ontabieidgad ital still grows abundantly about Chatteris
and gravelly highland loams, rarely extending the
back coil of the fens. It is usually found only in wheat-fields, as
it is an early plant, and itepet Pe destroyed by the spring
tillage necessary for other Thus it has the appearance of a

wth have been aa by cultivation. A more natural
habitat is under trees growing on old highland pastures at Woods
End, near Chatteris, Where the soil is bared by the stamping of
cattle which congregate for shade and to resist the attacks of flies.

permanent atbicee = the field. Our turbaries ‘ive evidence of the

abundance of wild cattle in pre-historic times, so that we may fairly
assume that Myosurus did not then lack the ‘‘cultivation’’ which
seems necessary for its growth, and it may therefore be truly
native. Has anyone seen it growing in “ waste places” ?—ALFRED
Fryer.

ToLyPELLA on Leonh. iw Linconnsuirze.— While botani-
zing in Deeping Fen, South Ra TS at the end of July last,
I observed the Sieve plant in two places. It was rather frequent

in one drain in the Fen, and I eats a single specimen in another
drain about four miles distant. Its occurrence in the various

have been cleared of weeds. Rare even as a European plant, it is
not known to have been gathered in England since the time of the

OFFICIAL REPORT, 1882, OF BOTANY, BRITISH MUSEUM. 281

te Mr. Borrer, who first found it in Sussex in 1827, and I under-
stand that it cannot now be found in the Irish station. I observed
several other species which have not been recorded for South

incolnshire, and gee etic I hope to make a few remarks at a
future time —W. H

New Baririsa Sse — Mr. James M‘Andrew, of New Gal-
loway, has vere 3 found Synalissa intricata Arn. on the north wa
of Black Craig, New Galloway ; ny is ar ae eee ae -
very interesting siete very. I may add t M‘Andr
recently added a large gore of aate to 7 fess of the Bouts
West of Scotland.—W. Wes

OFFICIAL REPORT FOR 1882 OF THE DEPARTMENT OF: BOTANY
IN THE BRITISH MUSEUM.

By W. Carrutuers, F'.R.S.

THE preparation of the cases in the public Gallery has occupied
much of the time of the officers of the Department during the y
ae fitted to exhibit the characters of the various Natural

rders of pees Plants have been selected, mounted, and
arranged in the ca

; erac nasi acee,
Lythracea, Cucurbitacee, Composite, Saukiaa “Campana
Orchidacea, Liliaceae, hie dasaraai Juneacea, Erioca

ung.
A portion of the extensive herbarium of Mosses recently pur-
_ chased ret the ake rca of Dr. Hampe has been moun
and arranged for consulta

The collection of ee in spirits has been hres: and
arranged in the new cabinets prepared for its receptio

Large additions have been made to the British Hucheehind:

The cae additions to the collections during the year have
consisted in a continuation of the valuable Nee ac of Indian
Plants reverited by Charles Baron Clarke, Esq., F.R.S., amounting
to 2335 species; of 187 species of Himalayan Plants sollected and
presented by J. F. Duthie, Esq., of Saharunpore ; a small collection
of Australian plants, presented by J. C. Melvill, Esq. ; oor an
extensive collection of plants from Japan, from the Herbarium “i
J. Bissett, Esq. By bahar the following collections have bee
acquired :—201 plants from Central Sai Australia ; 1962
plants from Mexico, elite d by Parry and og 320 plants
from the southern United States, mallectoa by A. H. Curtis ; 300
plants from Washington Territory, collected by Suksdorf; 475
rom Arizona, collected by Lemmon; 100 plants from Sicily ; ; 100
plants from Lapland ; 840 species of German Fungi from Thuemen;

282 NOTICES OF BOOKS.

200 species of Fungi from Italy, collected by “gen io specie
f om Austria, collected by Rehm; an pecies ‘of
American Fungi from Ravenal; 200 species of Lichen’ for
land, collected by Norrlin; and 185 species of tory: from
a 0 Alge from
Mauritius, collected by Robillard; the salsa tees a Diatomaces
formed by the late Rey. E. O’Meara, es ng — specimens ;
and 500 European Cryptogamia, collect ed by Sinten
‘series of fruits, and of complete eis of i crthiuag dia from
Java, collected by H. O. Forbes, ate been added to the collections
nd woods.

To the British Herbarium there have been added 461 species
from the Rev. W. H. Painter; 392 species from C. Bailey, Esq. ;
80 species of ‘Sussex plants from F. 0. §. Ro oper, Esq. ; 76 species

ce, Esq.; 51 species from Messrs. H. & J. Gro oves ;
and specimens of rare and critical species from W. E. Beckwith,

q R. A. Arnold L

6
a
°
=)
=
o
re)
ee
oO
Qu
o
6S
SS
oO
is
et
©
a 2
nt
=
ee
=]
ogg
i)

ar, Esq
Specimens of Seyptogatis for the British Herbarium have been
presented by the Rev. H. P. Reader, W. H. Pearson, Esq.,
Alfred ae Mrs. Briscoe , J. Saunders, Esq., R. Canterbury, Esq.,
a ha W. G. Smith, Esq., and a series of 87 Lichens from R. V.
e
Valuable additions have been made to the collection of prints
_ and drawings of plants by the presentation by the Misses Maund
of the original wate eeilour drawings of the plates in Maund’s
‘ Botanic eden! representing 1248 plants, and by the purchase
of an extensive series of original drawings of Indian Plants con-
tained in 13 folio volumes, formerly the property of Dr. Fleming.

NOTICES OF BOOKS.

Topographical Fite being loc at and personal records towards
showt Distribution of British Plants, traced through
the 112 *5 ounties and Vice-counties of En ngland, Wales, and
Scotland. By saat Cortrett Watson. Second Edition
by J. G. Baxer and W. W. Newsoutp], corrected and
enlarged. London: eile, 1883. 8vo, pp. xlvii., 612,
with map.

Ir would be difficult to find a work which has been cen
forward to with more anxiety than this new edition of ‘To

phical Botany’; difficult, too, to find a book which more Bidpoaphty
fulfils the anticipations formed of it. That these anticipations were
high it is unnecessary to assert. In the whole range of British

NOTICES OF BOOKS, 2838

botanists it would have been impossible to find two so well fitted
fm the task of editing the work as those whose names are attached

o the short preface with which it opens. United to Mr. Watson
by strong ties of personal friendship, Mr. Baker aby the Rev. W.
W. Newbould are otherwise singularly well adapted to carry on his
work, possessing, as they do respectively, the faculty of generalisa-
tion and the critical a which were combined in Mr. Watson with
such happy results.

Only a hundred Sipibs of the ao tal edition of ‘ Topographical
Botany’ were dasa La those were privately distributed, so that
to very many the nt will be a new book. To the possessors of

additions, made for the most part by Mr. Watson himself in an
interleaved copy, being very considerable :—*« The few additions
which we have made on our own authority,” say the editors, “‘ may
be eemnevadied by having the name of the personal authority
in parentheses.” It seems to be implied, therefore, that
wtias other addition and'alteration is Mr. Watson’s own. Some of
these alterations are a little puzzling. For example, in ed. 1,
Adonis —— is recorded as ae goa he eo being the
meaning attached by Mr. Watso curved brackets—from
counties ‘ . 6 713814171819 21 re 29 88 84 40 55 57 58 59 62
64 66 68 75 77 83’’: in the new edition it is recorded as a
“supposed error”—for this is the signification of the square
_brackets—from ‘‘ 25 26 27 28 29 88 34 40 55 57 58 59 62 68 66 68
76 77 80 83.” Apart from the alteration in the estimate of the
position of the species, we cannot help wondering what has become
of the previously-given records for the counties between 5 and 24.
Have gis mete ed out unnoticed ?
zzles of this kind are scarce; not_so the evidences of
care and pone work, which may be traced on every page. e
segregates have redaived much attention,—Ranunculus aquatilis,
for instance, represented by only 8 in the 1st edition, has oo
10 placed under it. We are surprised, by the way, to
R. oe ar (pseudofluitans) credited to Sily 6 counties, 40d
suspect that some of those placed under fluitans should be trans-
ferred here. Prof. Babington contributes the distribution of the
fruticose Rubi; the Roses remain much as before. Detailed distri
bution of the Callitriches is given, 6 species being enumerated,
The #Hieracia have received much attention, no fewer than 20
segregates being added. tress parviflora is inserted as
naturalised in alte and Middles
A comparison between the two pation is fall of interest, and
Suggests many points for enquiry, the reasons for certain changes
not being always apparent on the surface. But space will not
permit us-to enter at further length upon the investigation of the
herd nor indeed is it neces ssary to do so. To all who are
sted in County Floras, or in the general subject of plant
distribution j in Britain, < Topographical Botany’ is indispensable.

* We have since learned from Mr. Baker that this is the case.

284 NOTICES OF BOOKS.

Itinera Principum S. Coburgi. Die Botanische Ausbeute von den
n ihrer Hoheiten der Prinzen von Sachsen- Coburg-

Gotha. I. Reise u e
Welt (1872-1873). II. Reise der Prinzen August und

erdinand nach Brasilien (1879). Beschrieben von Dr.
Fistibiian Rirrer Wawra v. Fernses, K. K. Marine-Stabsarzt
d. R. Erster Theil. Wien: Carl Gerold’s Sohn. 4to,
pp- Xvili. 182, tt. 39.

A sumpruous book, in the best style of topography and chromo-
lithography, co ontaining an enumeration of the Monocotyledones

orm an idea of their quality, as the drawings are by the same
artist eeinaiat, —and the chromo-lithography by the same
printe
The voyage around the world was accomplished by. various
he 2a travelling, and the stoppages were mostly of short
dur: Liverpool was the point of embarkation, and New York
Shan gE SEER where they arrived August 10th, 1872. A few
days were spent in making excursions from the latter city, and

slands, or, as we ought to say now, Hawaia. Here an accident
prevented Dr. Wawra from collecting, but their stay was only of a
week’s duration; aid their next sn ea place, except for a few
minutes in the Sam amoa Islands, was Auckland, in New Zealand,
arriving there in the middle of Ostobiie Sydney was reached by
the as of am same month, and left again on the 26th. A little
more than a week was spent in Victoria, and a few hours in the
rah of Albany, W. Australia; and by the end of
November the travellers were in Ceylon. ‘Then followed a flying
visit to Japan, touching at Singapore, poner sae hi eed and
Shanghai; and calling at Batavia on the return voyage. Ten days
were spent in Java; aa the next place eaited was Pulo Penang,
where, however, the stay was of the briefest, as they embarked for
Bombay the same evening, and arrived there on March 12th.
Thence a tiger-hunting and sight-seeing tour was made through
India. This lasted about three weeks, and the greater part of the
time was spent in rapidly travelling from place to place. The
eS voyage was by way of reo Suez Canal; and the party
cash in Vienna on April 20th, 1

rom the foregoing brief sketch ae the route, it will be evident

feed the botanical collections could not be very extensive; yet we
find new species destsibet.. faint Australia, Java, and India. But
the greater part of the botanical collections was made during

NOTICES OF BOOKS. 285

a month’s Pon in Brazil, in 1879, special attention having
apparently been paid to the Bromeliacee, more than half of
the ales! eth Piece to that natural order.
he greater part of the novelties discovered, and here figured
for the first time, have been already published by Dr. Wawra in the
‘(sterr. Botanische "Feit chrift’; so that we have in the pre-
sent sags only seven species hitherto undescribed :—Psidium
Itatia @, P. paraibicum, Oxymeris Itatiaie, Symplocos Itatiaia,
bermaiera gracilis, EF. Itatiaie, Argostemma javanicum,—all, save
the last, being from Brazil.

lad to welcome the first number of vol. xii. of the
C

I. echin mospora—are entirely new: it is, w e thin x; to be pines
that some of the old plates—notably the very inadequate one of
Osmunda regalis—should not also have been superseded. The

plant which Prof. Babington and Mr. Carruthers ares in referring
to that species.* It is scarcely correct to say Dr. . Moo
described his Isoetes Morei as ‘‘ a distinct sub- eae: : he called it
a new species of Isoetes.” We are glad to note the absence of the
so-called ‘‘ popular portion” of ‘ruse dass creaas It is to be hoped
that the work will quickly proceed to completi

In the 10th part of the ‘Flora of British ee Sir J. D. Hooker
describes the Asclepiadee and Scrophularinee, the remaining orders
—Loganiacea, Gentianacee, Polemoniacee, Hydrophyllacee, Borra-
ginea, Convolvulacea, Solanacee—being the work of Mr. C. B. Clarke.
In th

lepis, cpap Pentabothra, Adelostemma, Lygism vs Pablo athe and
Dittoceras. The inaccurate method of citation const s charac-
tertaed the work almost throughout still continues ; ins, the five
species of T'rigonitis are ascribed to ‘‘ Be cay n Gen. Pl. ii. 558,”
but not one of them is there specifically nam

We regret to see that Messrs. George ae & Sons have printed
the misleading words “eighth edition” and the date 1883 on the
cover of a recent issue of the ‘ London Catalog? It is merely
the seventh edition in a new wrapper, not the smallest alteration

eing made in the text: this is obvious from the reference, at p. 31,
to “this seventh edition,’ ’ while the work ends with the announce-
ment that ‘‘ inquiries may be addressed to the ea ag Hewett C.
Watson”! The mistake has since, we understand, been rectified
as far as possible, but copies are in circulation lettered “eighth .
edition

* Journ. Bot. 1882, 391, t. 233.

286 ARTICLES IN JOURNALS.

We ought ere this to have noticed Mr. W. Jolly’s ‘Life of John
Duncan, Scotch Weaver and Botanist’ (1794-1881), (Kegan Paul &
Co.). It is a biography of the style with which Mr. Smiles has
made us familiar, and of a man of the type of Robert Dick and
Thomas Edward; and we do not intend to disparage its merit
when we say that both in subject and treatment it seems to us to
fall short of the two lives just named. But Mr. Jolly has nails too

er of wonder to us that no work » similar style has been —

bare Soe nin Lancashire who Acer like as much adie on
public aiied! as either John Duncan or Mr. Smiles’s Scotch
protégés. In the Appendix is given a ‘ List of Plants found in the
barn ee — and the surrounding districts . bar eabasienc and
on other plants found in Duncan’s herbarium.
panei stahed portrait of Duncan in has srgibie mpi year serves
sac nemtate to the vo olume.

beings and upon natural forces’; and in this he seems to have
succeeded. We aero that the pressure on our space prevents our
giving a more detailed notice
Messrs. W. Swan ipaaicaekta & Co. have just added to their
marvellouly a series of ‘ ee Collectors’ Handbooks’ one on
‘Flowering Plants’ by Mr. Britten. It would obviously be unfitting
to say ers in this Journal ; an the fact that a handbook devoted
to the collection and preservation of plants, consisting of thirty-two
bidet meaty pages, fully illustrated, can be obtained for the sum of
€ penny is sufficiently remarkable to claim this word of notice.
The same publishers send us ‘A Season among the Wild Flowers,’
y the Rev. ~ Weasieas e of those popular introductions cdl :

ARTICLES IN JouRNsLS.—AUvGUST.
American Journal of Science. — J. 8. Newberry, ‘ Fossil Plants
from North China.’ — A. Gray & J. H. Trumbull, ‘ Review of De
-Candolle’s Origin of Cultivated Plants’ pases a
American Naturalist. — K. J. Hill, « ee: of plant-dispersion.’
— M. E. Jones, ‘New Plants from California and Nevada, &c.’
( — neglectum, Sisymbrium saseslennpaal; Sidalcea calycosa,
spp. nn

Ann. Sciences Nat. (Bot., 6th §., t. xv., Nos. 5, 6: June).—
A. Franchet, ‘ Plantes du beckenee ( contd. : Seite neuro-
phyllus, A. intarrensis, 4. variegatus, Oxytropis tachtensis, 0. Capusit,

ARTICLES IN JOURNALS. 287

Hedysarum Cephalotes, Onobrychis api spp. nn.). — M. Cornu,
‘ Sur quelques Ustilaginge es nouvelles ou peu commes " (Lesticwlaria
eesi@, Doassansia Farlowii, PS ARE lp (2) sctrpicolum, spp. nn.

3 plates).—A. Lemaire, ‘ De la lignification de quelques membranes
épidermiques.’ — P. Sag ot, ‘Plantes de la Guayane Francaise’
(contd. : Hirtella pon Licania robusta, L. majuscula, Moqui
minutiflora, M. licanieflora, Clidemia micrantha, C. Drosera, Tschudya

wy PPp-

fossile du Japon.’—G. Bainier, ‘ Sur les Zygospores des a nacre
(3 — —T. W. Engelmann, ‘Couleur et Assimilati

ical. Gazette. — L. H. sang? Biographical sods of John
beclent: Riddell (1807-1865), — G. Farlow, Beart: of
United States’ (Hntyloma st Farl., EF. i Farl.,
E, Lobelia Farl., E. Memispermi Farl. & Trelease, Dias Epi-
lobit Farl., spp. nn.).—M. ree ‘ Thistledown.’—A. Gray, ‘ Rho-
dodendron. Vaseyt.’—R. M. Aus ‘ Sarcodes sanguinea.’

Botanische Zeitung (July P — J. Wortmann, ‘Ueber ein
Einfluss der strahlenden Ns auf ee Pflanzentheile’
Segre: —P. Aacheraiatl ‘ Oudneya africana.—(July 27-Aug. ar

- Meyer, ‘ Ueber Krystalloide. der vedideaplaiies und tiber
ate Ss der Angiospe —(Aug. 10,17,24). J. Beebe,
‘Ueber das — von Peccabiipehan Geweben und von Stiirke
und Kohle zu Gas

Botanisches Colt yee 8 sg — C. Miiller, ‘ Meine Stellung
zur Frage von den 8 er Saprolegnieen.’ — (No. 83).
A. Zale ak: *‘ Zur Ken ne iy te Gattung Cystopus.’ — (No. 84).
F, sg ‘ Epilobium Uechtritzianum’ ee x virgatum).

l. Soc. Bot. France (xxx., pt. 8).—-M. Cornu, ‘Contributions
PE sae des Ustilaginées.’—E. Prillieux, . Gerthination des oospores
du Peronospora viticola.’ — oze, ‘ Parasitisme du Morchella
esculenta sur l’ Helianthus tuberosus.” 7 - E. Heckel, ‘ Sur lintensité

d
altitudes,’—C, E. Bertrand, ‘ De rs Tmésiptéridée.’—G. Bonnier

P. Van Tieghem, ‘ Sur quelques points de se VCH say Crypto-
games Vasculaires,’ — EK. Fournier, ‘ Plante Mexi a cl. E.
ei collects ’ (Soler ie chet lorem, leas Ele-
s cuneifolius, Quamoclit Kerberi, spp. nn.). — E, Cocardas

: Veticn Coe Sates: sur les bisetins des eaux distillées.>
Bulletin of Torrey Botanical Club sally -- a H. sg Sop
Fungi’ (plat e of "akg Morgani, n. sp. Ellis & B. M.

Everhardt, ‘ New Fungi.’ — F. L. Se rihaery ‘ aa rate Wa sh-
ington Territory ’ (Glyceria Canbyi, n. sp.). —R. E. Kunze, ‘ Ferti-
lization of Opuntia.

Garden (Aug. 4). — Lilium avenaceum (fig.); Pavonia’ Wiotii

(ic. pict.).—(Aug. 1) Laelia harpophylla (ic. pict.).—P. G. Adams,
‘ Trip to the Southern Alps, New Zealand.’ — (Aug. 25). Begonia
Roezli (ic. pict.).

288 ARTICLES IN JOURNALS.

Gardeners’ Chronicle (Aug. 4). — Phacelia campanularia (fig. 22).
—Acrostichum magnum Baker, sp. n.—Rodgersia pevehte on 23).
— List of Garden Orchids ( Epidendrum, contd.). — J. G. Baker,
‘Species of Tulipa’ (contd.). — Scilla livida Baie, “Trichopilia
Kienastiana Rehb. f., Calanthe anchorifera Rehb. f., spp. nn. —
G. Nicholson, ‘The Banded Rush’ te zebrinus Hort.=
Tabernemontant Sor zebrina). — Notospartum Carmichaelia@ (figs: 26).
—Caccinia eS g. 27). ‘ecilbadteuoiile “Carderi (fig. 30). — (Aug.

8). Peris isaehispions Rehb. f., sp.n.—F. Gunning, ‘ Wild Plants
of saa District 7*— A.D. Webster, ‘British Orchids and their

. Armeria cephalotes var. bracteata (fig, 84).—(Aug. 25).
on Eas Rehb. f., Masdevallia calura Rehb. f., Duvalia
Eee N. E. Br., spp. nn. — Doronicum plantaginewm var.

excelsum N. KE. Br.—M. Foster, ‘Notes on Irises’ (I. Milesii, sp. n.).
—N. E. Brown, ‘ Oncidiwm candidum’ (=Palumbina candida Rehb.f.)
(fig. 85).

Journal of Royal Microscopical Soc. enix mage — OC. G.
Matthew ‘On the Red Mould of Barley’ (2 plates).

Midland Naturalist. — J. E. Bagnall, ‘ Flora of Warwickshire’
(contd.).

CEsterr. Bot. Zcitschrift.—K. Formanek, ‘ Messungen an Orchis
latifolia.’ —F, A. Hazslinszky, ‘ Heterospharia Patella.’—¥. Jordan,
‘ Blithenabweichungen.’ — §. von Schulzer, ‘ Mykologisches ’
Agaricus inarmillatus, A. permodestus, spp. nn.).—B. Blocki, ‘ Flora
von Galizien’ (contd. " —P. G. Strobl, ‘ Flora des Etna’ (contd. )s

Pharmaceutical Journal (Aug. 4). —D. Howard, ‘ Notes on Cin- —
chona Bark.’ — T. Peckolt, ‘Comparative List of Populist and
Scientific Names of Economie Plants of Brazil.’

Science-Gossip.—J. bs aha ‘The Danish Forest.’—-J. Saunder
‘ Daisy Sleep. 0, F. W. T. Williams, ‘ esuigectat Havhoriacielst

—W. Bailey, ‘ Motion in fruit of Tilia europea
Scottish ogee (July).—W. J. Hartencay; ‘ Flowering Plants

and Ferns rkney’ (contd.: Pota tamogeton pusillus var. rigidus
A. Bennet: a sa = 279). A. Sturrock, ‘ Potamogetonacee of Perth-
shire’ (P. us subsp. Sturrockii ys Bennett: see p. 279). — Jd.

Stevenson, praia Scotica’ contd.—J. Roy, ‘ Desmids of Mull.’
— Obituary Notices of G. Dickie, R. Parnell, Sir C. Wyville
Thomson, and J. Sadler.

Trans. Bot. Soc. Edinburgh (xiv.. pt. 8). — Obituary Notices of
Sir R. Sie Sir C. W. Thomson, C. R. Darwin, J. Decaisne,
W. Gorrie, H. C. Watson.—Address on Chlorophyll by Prof. I. B.
Balfour. a Stirton, ‘ Lichens from Newfoundland (Roccella a
sp. n.), New Zealand (Thysanophoron he oshuens sp. n.), and Seo
land (Lecidea erubescens, sp. n.).’ -— A. Dickson, ‘ Germination oi
Streptocarpus caulescens’ (1 plate). —Id., < Monstrosity in Iris
Pseudacorus.’—F. y. Mueller, ‘ Dysowylon Schiffneri, 8 sp.n

“The most complete work on Ferns is Cassell’s oe Ferns.’”
Guardian.

Monthly, price 7d.

By JAMES BRITTEN, FL.S.
WITH
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Painted from Nature by D. BLAIR, F.L.S.
And numerous Wood Engravings.

PART 1 ready AUGUST 27, price 7d.

“The delicate tints and feathery fronds of Ferns a
so inseparably associated with recollections of of eight
summer rambles that a glance at the fern will lift

prepared woodcuts and large-page coloured representa-
tions of ferns, most exquisitely drawn." —Glasgow Mail,

Lhd
EUROPEAN FERNS is a work which cannot be too highly ne agg as regards the
fidelity of the plates and the descriptive letterpress.” —

CASSELL & COMPANY, Limited, Ludgate Hill, London ; and at all Booksellers,

ny
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etree

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289

RHODYMENIA PALMETTA, Var. NICHENSIS.
By E. M. Hotmss, F.L.§.
(Puate 240.)

Tue seaweed which bears this name in Harvey’s ‘ Phycologia
Britannica’ has hitherto been considered of somewhat uncertain
affinity, owing to the fructification being imperfectly known and to
the absence of any striking characteristic in the cellular structure
of the frond.

Duby, who first described it in the ‘ Botanicon Gallicum’
(ii., p. 942), named it Halymenia Niceensis. Agardh, in ‘ Alg. Mar.
Medit. = — p- 1538, 1842, — it to Rhody erst Palmetta
J. Ag., as var. 8. Niceensis, distinguished from the fai chiefly by
the Eeyets ‘clone threads, in epote the apex of the frond
frequently —— and which either dilate into new leaves or
bear prolificatio

This arr angement was followed by Harvey in the ‘ Phycologia
Britannica.’ In that classical work he points out, however, that
the plant bears a close resemblance to the var. B. of Phyllophora
Brodiei J. Ag. siaectmrtee ea oe J. Ag,), but that it always
springs from decumbent —— He adds that, while Mediterranean
es have usually a qui te simple | prolonged at the os

0 a cirrhous appendage, Briti sh spec S$ are more c
fotked, and their apices, though sikooniaced: are aula ree
into the characteristic appendages

Kiitzing figures it in his “Tab. Phye.’ xviii. t. 96, as Sphero-
coccus Nic is, and his illustration shows eystocarpic fruit near

some measure the position rightly assigned to the plant, since if
the tetraspores were arranged in ot it would apparently
belong to the genus Phyllophora. Owing to the great similarity in
the shape and structure of the frond to that of Phyllophora palmet-

toides, the two plants probably often pass the one for the other when
the terminal cirrhi are absent and the fronds are collected without
the root, which in the latter is a spreading dise and in the former

myself ar Sa aig in April last, I was so fortunate as to find
tetraspores in the terminal filiform appendages. These “sate

ce as in P, palmettoides. The cystocarps were unfortunatel

en: in drying that their contents were lost, but, being sea
ar the base of the frond instead of towa rds the apex, as in

Palmetta, the plant under consideration may, I think, be faitly

JournnaL or Borany.—Von. 21. ‘TOcrwuns, 1883.]

290 NOTES ON BRITISH DESMIDIEA.

cystocarp can be ascertained. It may be here observed that,
when the frond of Phyllophera palmettoides is examined under a
low power (4 inch), it appears to be mottled with pale rounded
ts. These are seen careful focussing with a higher power

)

menia

been a specimen of P. palmettoides, since states that the cystocarps
have the structure of Phyllophora, and that the internal cells are
shorter than those of R. Palmetta. indeed, a sample I have
received labelled Halymenia Nic@ensis Duby, from Macncillaa, which
had cystocarps, proved to have the short or rounded hexagonal

toides, and presented when moistened the incurved margins of the
frond characteristic of that plant when akssc but which I have
never observed in R. Nicaensis. other specimen without frui
from the same locality presented branching lateral root- like fibres,
different in character from the stolons of R. Nicwens

Kiitzing’s figure of Clee Nicaensis represents the cysto-
carp as Scmpansce 3 in the frond, and not attached by a short pedicel
as Agardh describes it. Kiitzing’s figure exhibits also the charac-

teristic creeping stem of R. Niceensis. Dr. Ha however, is of
opinion that there is in the Mediterranean a Phyllophora with
reeping toes which otherwise resem palmettoides, an
this plant he has seen cystocarps, remap and antheridia.
e nas also met with a form of R. Palmetta with creeping stems in
the Mediterranean, Pie with eystocarps evidently those of a
Rhodymenia. hese I have not seen. It is obvious, however,

that the position of the tetraspores shea cystocarps, and se —
stem of Harvey’s plant well distinguish it from R. Palmet

NOTES ON BRITISH DESMIDIF2.—No. 2.
By W. Josnuva, F.L.S.

Since my last notice (Journ. Bot, 1882, p. 800) I have to record
the following species, most of which are rare, if not entirely new
to our flora :—

Closterium goer um Wittr. — paige rare species with finely
developed zygos was present in fair abundance, with a few

examples of Poe digitus also poe BS in @ gathering made by

NOTES ON RRITISH DESMIDIEX. 291
von gi from a moraine at Cammie, Aberdeenshire, on 2nd June,

gi lineatum Ralfs.—Bosullow, Cornwall, abundantly conjugated ;
mes e a common species, its zygospore is rare; has been observed
in Ireland.
ea et bes — With = large form of C. Leibleinii Kiitz. ;
both with zygospor Ca
ea Nitrite Ralfs, var. ornata Bulnh.—Slewdrum Bog,

‘ Mw sconferta Lund. — North Glen, Sannox, Isle of Arran; also
amm

M. tracyptera Lund.—Lindeth, near Bowness, Westmoreland.
New to Britai

Euastrum alii Wittr.—Minety, Wiltshire.

EF. inerme.—Sannox, an, and Aberdeenshire.

n-nachie.
. cyclicum Lund.—Den of Gight, Aberdeenshire. Var. arcticum
Nordst sine , Wilts.
um Bek var. trigibberum Nordst., ‘ Desmidiew Arctoe,’
1876, re vii. 19. — Rain-water pool, Ove rley, near Cirencester.
Angles more produced than in the Seitabargeri species. New to
C. Spo ae Grun. f., spitzbergensis Nordst., ‘ Desmidier
Arctoz,’ t. vi. f. 15.—Fyvie, Aberdeenshite.
C. plicatum ‘Reinach bbe-tien an, N. B. Large form, rare.
—— ium Lund.— a 5
C. sublobatum Arch.—Den of Gight ; and Haytor, Dartmoor.
C. obliquum Nordst.—Den of Gight, and Pennyeuick.
C. pseudarctoum Nordst.—Den of Gight.
C. notabile f. minus Wille.—Den of Gight.
C. pachydermum Lund., 8. minus Nordst —Den of Gight.

C. sportella Breb.—Den - Gight. xia form.

C. annulatum Nag.—Fyvi

C. Reinschit Arch. on viral Moor, Penzance

C. Turpini Lund.—Bangor; and Driffield Woods, Wilts.

C. anceps Lund.—Den of Gight.

C. Holmiense Lund., B. ong Lund.—Den of Gight.

C. globosum Bulnh.—-Strachan, N. B.

C. Nymanianum Grun.—Alt ton, Hant ts; and Cornwall.

C. rectangulare Grun. = C. Gotlandicum Wittr. — Among Alga’
from Hulgarvon Moor, Bodmin

Arthrodesmus sastiakssiente Ar ok —Ben-na-Chie, N. B.

A, bijidus Breb.—Very abundant on water-plants, Fyvie

A. Incus Hass., B. intermedius Wittr. — Abundantly conjugated.
Cammie, N. B.

Zanthidium Robinsonianum Arch. — Derrytrasna Bog, Co. Ar-

magh. Conjugated abundantly; zygospores delicately furcate,
tubereulose. No. 550, fasc. 11, Wittrock & Nordstedt, ‘ Alge
arose comm. W. Joshua. This is, as far as I know, only the

cond occurrence of this fine species.

292 NOTES ON BRITISH DESMIDIE.

Z. octocorne Ralfs. 8. — ‘‘ Old Road,” aporne.. Zygospores
have been seen here by Mr. Roy; only station kno

Staurastrum Meriani Reinsch. — This 1 have aoa in many
Scotch aehennge always isolated.

S. aearides Nordst., ‘Desmid. Spetsb.,’ 1872.— Alva Glen,
Stirling, A Croall. This is a most interesting addition to our
British list ; it differs slightly from Nordstedt’s form, beta rather
longer in proportion to its breadth than his.

S. orbic Sete (Ehr.) Ralfs, 8. extensum Nordst. — Den of Gight,

zygospores ; in ovations stratum on rocks.

= pitoswn Soe f. minor. Supa d, Wilts.

S. Maa e Arch. == S..p eudocrenatum Lund. — Birse Mor re,
Aboyne, boo Mpricphyliam oes. J. Roy. A very in tenga
and unique species.

8S. pileolatum Breb.—Den of Garrol; Bovey Tee: isi:

S. Capitulum 8. amenum Hilze. —Stra chan; Dartm

Peninm lagenaroides Roy, n. sp.—lIsle of Arran.

P. crassiusculum De By.—Craigendennie Rocks, N. B.

P. spirostriolatum Barker.—Derrytrasna Bog, Co. Armagh.

. (CyninpRocistis) spinospermum, mihi.—Derrytrasna Bog,
Co. Armagh. Has long been known as an isolated form, but t

h
sometimes inte agar as in margaritiferum, which has a evil
of oo on its surfac

ands, eg that time its sygospore is unknown.

569, Witir. & Nordst. ‘ Alge Exsiceate, fase
ocidium coronatum Breb._-Among eae Bangor.

Spherozosma (Spondylosium) pulchellum Arch. — Fyvie, on

mosses. Showing the stipitate form of plant.
Spondylosium) filifo Slewdrum

Cosmocladium constrictum Arch.—Aboyne, J. Roy. This singular
species I have found before.at Penzance attached i in _ lg groups.
Also a doubtful C sick a minute species with ripe zygospores
abundant. It appears to differ from Cosmocladium in that the

connecting threads are ticle: not double as in that genus.

. sawonicum Rabt.—- This has been oan, by Mr. ior) in _
locality as above, but I have not hitherto seen specim
our present knowledge of this Picea it will hold sees ety a
true position among Desm idiee

298

CINCHONA LEDGERIANA.
By Dr. Orro Kunrtzz.

To maintain the supposed species a er iana Moens, Dr.
Trimen attempts (p. 131) to controvert two of my statements, upon
which my hybridity —— of that plant is spieten? but ae (1) seems
to me to contradict own former statements, and dr an
erroneous soietuidan fat the opinion of one of his miei ccinbcbn

(1.) Dr. ee wrote in this Journal for 1881 (p. 821) :—

(a.) ‘In our own plantations in Sikkim, after years of neglect
as one of the ie hieiica and hopelessly variable forms of C.
Calisaya, the plant [(. Ledgeriana] is now the object of careful

ivation. d (p. 822 n India i istingui

(b.) ‘In Java, too, 4 was soon observed that ough showing
a good deal of vari ation.” ‘Seed from the ~ [C. Ledgeriana]
has {not hitherto been found to come very id (J ourn. Bot.
1881, p. 322

Dr. Trimen now writes (p. 132) :-—

‘«*There are no C. Ledgeriana trees in the Hast that have
been descended from Mr. Ledger’s seed from the Rio Mamore.”

‘‘ Tts great variability exists only in Dr. Kuntze’s imagination.”

A communications of the planters and intendants, oo
are often no botanists (as, for instance, Mr. Gammie and
Moens), are not seldom contradictory, of which Mr. Gammie ea 8
me roof, an exact botanist must Indge chiefly from bota-
- a researches; and I have proved that the C. Ledgeriana of

o differs from the Bolivian ool taae sbi by shrubby habit
ahd divaricate panicles with slender ramification,— two charac-
aa that can only originate from Mungpo specimens of the
parents :—— C. Weddelliana (Calisaya) with shrubby habit, and C.
Peechtdica (micrantha) with slender panicles, which species grow in

s. Gammie and Bier-

mann had shown me, as the only C. Ledgeriana eaitiiie there,
those shrubby or artificially tree-like C. Ledgeriana with slender
i ammie ga

m Dr. Trimen; but the former information of Mr. Gammie, and
shat of the re chief gardener in the Mungpo plantations, Mr.
roving accords strictly with the 7. fc a) given veg of
Dr. Trimen, who m ot them the Reports of the
botaninal ~paperintendant of the Sikkim ceahees sia tetas, Dr.

The best proof of the hybridity of the Mungpo C. Ledgeriana
lies in its botanical marks, as I have shown here, and more exten-
sively in my monograph of Cinchona,

2). If Mr. Christie, a planter, whose letter is partly cited by
Dr. en, had said that isolated trees of C. Ledgeriana were fertile

994 CAMPYLOPUS BREVIFOLIUS SCHPR.

in the manner of other ee there would be a contradiction
to my statement in this Journal (p. 7), “ C. —— is the
only Cinchona that suffers bch sterility, a only ripens more
fruits, if it gets fertilized and oo hate ie other Ciichowse ; that
happens often...;’ for it is well known that C. Ledgeriana, if
not isolated from other Chnekacing, ripens amy but degenerated,

seeds. If Mr. cee generally writes, C. Ledgeriana comes per-
fectly true from seed, I find it contrary to my own numerous
observations, to ‘the t testimonies of nearly all other planters, some

8 . Trim
(Journ. Bot. 1881, p. 823), ‘‘ The seedlings [from C. Ledgeriana],
since Mr. Gammie uprooted nearly all the neighbouring trees,

now come remarkably true, whereas before that was done the
sporting was so great that Dr. King would not propagate by seed

at all.” This eaneee true” is not perfectly true, which would
ee necessary for

I never sctetsa that C . Ledgeriana was absolutely sterile; and
if it gets few seeds by self. fertilisation, some of them may give
true descendants. But the fertility, even if existing, cannot be an

ar
and all other spontaneous hybrids of Cinchona are extremely
fertile. In regard to the fertility of C. Led, yeriana, Dr. Trimen
confounds the facts of rich cross-fertilisation and poor self-
fertilisation ; his own plate of C. Ledgeriana shows partly abortive
ruits, an confirms my observations and communications on the
sterility of that plant.

CAMPYLOPUS BREVIFOLIUS Soupr.
By H. Boswetu.

At the latter end of July I paid a visit to Breconshire, in
company with the Rev. Augustin Le ey, hoping that we might haply
find further traces of the Brywn gemmiparum of which mention was
lately made in e Journal, and possibly come upon it in some

By.
or can it be ~ that on the whole the region surrounding the

Brecon Beacons is a very muscose one: many species that might
be expected are Bist Has by their absence, especially Orthotricha
and Sepia whilst on the moors scarcely a trace of Sphagnum was
seen in m

any miles
The only thing of much interest, after the Brywm, was found on
the last day of the ramble, on the bank of the Wye; this was a
Campylopus which at first sight rather reminded me of C. fragilis,
but with a different aspect from any form of that rather variable

SPICILEGIA FLORA SINENSIS. 295

species that I had seen. Arrived at home I soon found by the aid
of the microscope that it was C. brevifolius Schpr. (Bryol. Kur.
Suppl.), which appears to be the same thing as C. subulatus. Both

i British Moss-Flora, now issuing. But C. brevifolius is
described and figured as a very dwarfish species, and ved specimens
I possess from Forfarshire and the Continent were dwarfish
enough, with a starved aspect quite agreeing with the deserption ;
while the Wye plants are about two inches high, freely grown, a
forming large bold patches. The leaves, however, present no
difference, but the habit and aspect are so different that it may be

well to take notice of it as a rather remarkable variety, charac-
sesinod thus

Casctiraitis ae Schpr. = * SUBULATUS ejusd.
ELONGATU

Tufts broad, ee Pitas int solid; stems —
filiform, elongate, cop ously radiculose below, repeatedly in
vating with fastiginte biediebes above ; branches without peidiidoe
Leaves as in min

In sandy sid a the Wye, near Builth, growing in omen
ae Tortula cylindrica, Trichostomum tophaceum, Hypna, &e.; 28th

y, 1

al its forms C. subulatus (or brevifolius) is readily known

from C. fragilis by the shorter subula and narrower cells; from
C. Schimperi, which it more resembles, by the absence of the
diaphanous vesicular cells near the base. OC. Schwarsii is more
robust, and has large well-pronounced auricles

SPICILEGIA FLORA SINENSIS: DIAGNOSES OF NEW,
AND HABITATS OF RARE OR HITHERTO UN-
RECORDED CHINESE PLANTS.

By H. F. Hanor, Ph.D., Memb. Acad. Nat. Cur., &., &c.
Vail,

1. Clematis (Flammula) songorica Bunge. — Ad Ha-mi, Turkes-
tanie chinensis, Maio 1881, leg. W. Mesny. Agrees well with a
Sai-sang-nur specimen of Bongard’s.

2. Vidlicocees Fortunet 8. Moore —Cirea Wu-hu, prov. An-hwei
Maio 1881, leg. T. L. Bullock. The fruit of this plant is so much
narrower and more compressed, so attenuated at the — and so
deeply furrowed, whilst that of typical 7. baicalense Tur Reg
Uebers. d. gattung Thalictrum, t. 2, f. 2) is ovoid, and with slightly
raised ribs on an even surface, that I cannot possibly believe it to

ae 3). And, both in Hancock's Grigiaed ‘Nin ngpo specimens,
and in the present ones, I find the — either very sparingly or

296 ” §PICILEGIA FLORE® SINENSIS.

at all fimbriate. ‘The flowers are 00m lilac, and, as remarked
- a — the habit is much like that of 1’. orientale Boiss. !
neulus ee): ing — — Juxta Ha-mi,
a aa chinensis, Maio 1881, leg. W. M
4. Melodorum (Eumelodorum) verrucosum nk: “fil. & Thoms.—
In dicione Hung-mo, = indigenarum ins. Hai-nan Lai dic-
so d. 28 Nov. 1882, leg. rev. B. C. Henry. Perfectly similar
o the Khasia plant. oa gst the flowers as cream-
eee “08% — a fond sweet fragra
5 tiva L.— Hami, Put karianin chin., Maio 1881, leg.
W. Mes

ny.
6. Lepidium (Lepidiastrum) latifolium L. — Circa Ha-mi, Tur-
kestanie chin., Maio 1881, leg. W. Mesny.
—%. Dian thus ( jombriati superbus L.— Prope Chin-kiang, prov.
g-su, m. Aug. Bullock.
8. Saponaria Vaccaria L. —Ad lacum Ko-ko-nor, leg. W. Mesny,

Camellia (Thea) caudata Wall. — In jugo Lo-fau-shan, prov
Cantonensis, m. Sept. 1882, coll. bin KE. Faber. I have no other
Chinese specimens in my herbari

butilon Avicenne Garis — Ad Wu- hu, prov. An-hwei,
Maio 1881, certe spontaneam invenit Bullock,

11. Nitreria erat L. — Ad Ha-mi, Turkestaniz chin., leg.
W. Mesny, Maio 1881.

12. Geranium sibiricum L.—Ad Ha-mi, Turkestaniz chin., Maio
1881, coll. W. Mesny.

18. Xanthoxylon schinifolium 8. & Z.—In monte Dagoba,
Chi-fu, d. 9 Sept. 1880, leg. F. B. Forbes. Not to my knowledge
hitherto gathered out of Ja apan.

. Ilea (E — rotunda Thunb. — Prope Shek-kok, secus fl.

Lien- chau, 308 m. p. a Cantone, d. 20 Octobris 1881, leg. rev.

B.C. Henry. “ rey bias nse seer with porewainn branches. Not
previously met with south of Centr

ug? 15. Ilex (Eumex) myria iadenia, sp. nov. — Frutescens, ramis

teretibus ramulisque acute angu ulatis cinereis, foliis coriaceis

elliptico-lanceolatis calloso-crenato-serratis cuspidato- acuminatis

n
longis 1} poll. latis petiolo 3-4 lineali acute marginato, cymis
femineis pedunculo 2 lin. longo fultis 8-floris, pedicellis 3 lin.
longis, calyce pluridenticulato, drupis ellipsoideis lucidulis 4 lin.
longis, stigmate inconspicuo sessili oe quadrilobo rarius
integro, pyrenis 4 dorso profunde unisulea

In colle juxta fi. Lien-chau, prope sei Ma-po-shui, 340

m. p. a Cantone, d. 26 Oct. 1881, leg. rev. B. C. Henry. (Herb.

propr. n. 22120.

This is, I think, more nearly allied to the North Brazilian
I, petiolaris Benth.! and I. vismijfolia Reiss.! than to any Asiatic
species = my herbarium.

16. Sabia sonics Maxim, — Secus fl. Lien-chau, prov. Can-
tonensis, Aprili 1 ; Semicon ‘aveeinit rey. B. C. Henry. A

SPICILEGIA FLORE SINENSIS. 297

comparison with Mr. Hancock’s Ning-po specimen, identified by
Maximowicz (Ad. fl. As. or. cogn. mel. fragm. 7), proves that my
S. Bullockti, described in the first aogacwtion of these ‘ Spicilegia,’
must be reduced to this. As, like some species of Smilax, the
plant iicsacents whilst the leaves are still quite immature, it is not
et to match flowering and fruiting specimens. A capital revision
of the species of the M alay Archipelago has been given in Prof.
a mel s posthumous work ‘ Illustrations de la flore de l’archipel.
dien

17. Medicago ise sativa L.— Ad Ha-mi, Turkestanie
chin., m. Maio 1881, coll.

18. Melilotus (Cori dentata Willd. —Ad Ha-mi, Turkestanie
chin., Maio 1881, leg. Mesny.

19. Asti ragalus (Euhypoglottis) Laamanni Pall. — Ad Ha-mi,
Turkestanie chin., Maio 1881, legit W. Mesny. I doubt if
A, tibetanus Benth.! is specifically distinct.

Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch.? — In Turkestania chinensi,
juxta urb. Ha-mi, fructiferam, a. 1881, leg. W. Mesny. I refer
the specimen with some little hesitation to this species, very biog 2
characterised by DeCandolle (Prodrom. = hal nat. regn. ve,
248), and which was totally unknown to Ledebour he ross. 1. 566),
It has been found recently in the Tie bay mo s (Osten-
Sacken & Ruprecht, Sertum Tianschanic. 42). te stated by the
late Dr. Ruprecht, the legume is not moniliform; though turgid
over the seeds, and compressed between, there is no constriction,

e two margins being quite even, and when soake d in boi
water, the legume is anfractuose, as he describes it, or in inclined to

Fischer’s species, it must be new.

lycyrrhiza a as fil. — Juxta Ha-mi, Turkestanie
chin., m. Maio 1881, leg. cl. W. Mesny. In flower only, but
have no some referable of ot species, and most eeetalety very
distinct from the precedin

22. Alhag gi kirghisorum Behrens. — Juxta lacum Ko-ko-nor, leg.
W. Mesny, a

23. Vicia (Euricia) sativa L. — Ad Ha-mi, Turkestanie chin.,
Maio 1881, leg.

24. Lathyrus (¢ jrabud) palustris L. — In ora Koreensi leg. Bush-
nell; circa Hakodate, a. 1861, Dr. Albrecht; in montosis prope
Ning- -po, est. 1872, coll. Swinhoe. All thes e spec
me to belong to the typical form, rather than to the var. dle
and agree thoroughly with wild Pennsylvanian specimen

25. Lathyrus palustris L., y. cat Ser.—Ad Chi. fu, prov.
Shan-tung, a. 1881, leg. _W. Perr

26. Sophora (Gabelia) phaser L. — Cirea Ha-mi, Tur-
kestanie chin., copiose, Maio 1881, W. Mesny.

27. Pterolobium indicum A. Rich.-—Ad ri ripas fl. eee "abe juxta
pagum Sai-ngou, 350 m. p. a Cantone, d. 21 Oct 1, leg. rev.
B.C. Henry. The fruit is somewhat different in ais from that —

298 SPICILEGIA FLOREZ SINENSIS.

figured by Wight (Ic. pl. Ind. or. i. t. 196), but Sir Joseph Hooker
assures me the Indian and Chinese plants are identical.

28. Gadbiac: amet Champion’ Benth. — Ad angustias
Yeung-tui, fl. Lien-chau, 290 m. p. a metropoli, d. 12 Oct. 1881,
leg. rev. B. C. Henry. I record ee locality for the purpose of
eens that every specimen gathered had cordate-ovate undivided
leaves. In the Hongkong plant the leaves are usually divided to
about one-third of their length, but I have specimens in which

some few of them are either simply emarginate or even quite entire.
I had always hitherto supposed, and indeed observed, that the
amount of leaf-division was an exceedingly stable character in this
genus, and Mr. Baker has (FI. Brit. Ind. ii. 278) adopted it for the
divisions of the section Cates In the present case, at any rate,
it is not of specific value .

29. Lysidice mi Hance. — Secus fl. West River, infra
pagum Mo-lam, d. 9 Junii 1882. leg.C. Ford. The only specimens
of this ever seen by Mr. Sampson and myself were small shrubs
three to four feet high. Mr. Ford, pales finds it attain the
height of seventy feet, with a trunk three feet in diameter at two
feet above the ground. He adds that the bracts are white before
ei expansion of the flower. The natives told him the seeds are
eaten.

80. Tamarindus indica L. — Ad Hoi-hau, ora septentr. ins.
Hai-nan, vere 1879, coll. T. L. Bu ro

7,07 81. Rubus (Mar, ACHOBATUS, ELONGATI) Fordii, sp. nov. —
Ramulis subcompressis tomento incano floccoso ge ie yest
aculeis raris parvis recurvis munitis, foliis e basi cordata ovatis —
acuminatis leviter serratis serraturis calloso- mucronatis utrinque
2-4-sinuato-lobulatis lobulis basalibus reliquis magis conspicuis
our genes, bsqamse costam leviter tomentosam = berrimis subtus
den rvis tenuibus rectiusculis supra impressis subtus
Gonatias mE ¢omento floccoso derasili tectis an floccoso-tomentoso
aculeis paucis minimis armato 8 lin. longo, stipulis ?, racemi
terminalis pauciflori efoliati rachi pedunculis calycibusque

' cinerascenti-tomentosis aculeis acicularibus glandulisque stipitatis
densissime obsessis, pedunculis $-1 pollicaribus, calycis 5-partiti
lobis 5 lin. longis ovatis —_ mucronatis intus cinereo-
tomentosis inerm ibus, petalis drupeolis numerosis oblongis
dorso convexis facie ‘planis ie ate rubris 2 lin. sea stylo
wnte bai revissime coronatis.

In prov. Cantonensi, secus fl. West River, d. 18 Maii 1882,
coll. C. "ord. (Herb. propr. n —

very distinct species, in some respects akin to R. Parkert
Hance, but different in the form of gm the vestiture of them
and of the stem, the inflorescence and numerous —— ets.

82. Pirus ( Pirophor S alleryana Dene.—Juxta fi. Lien-chau,

roy. Cantonensis, m. Oct. 1882, a leg. rev. R. H. Graves.
Quite like specimens gathered by me at Amoy, in October, 1857.

88. Pirus indica Wall.— In montosis a fi. _ chau, prov.
Cantonensis, m. Sept. 1881, leg. rev. B. C. Henry. I am ec
unable to follow Sir Joseph Hooker (FL. Brit. Ind. ii. 869) im

ON THE FLORA OF INNISHOWEN, CO. DONEGAL. 299

recognizing the genus Pookie established by my lamented friend
the late Prof. Opn indeed I feel no little hesitation in
admitting it even ection apart from Malus. The present
ae is referred b Cydonaa by both Spach and Roemer (Fam.

- regn. veg. syn. monogr. 218), but the fruit, ican 1 have
seamen: in a fresh state, is ee apple in every r Iti
made into a preserve by the na ape his rem ail dissertation
on Spireee (Act. hort. pen vi. 105, ae
appears to me to have most happily solved the difficult canis of
the limits of Rosacea and Sasifragacee (Cfr. Hook. & Thoms. Journ.
Linn. Soe. ii Gray, Mem. Amer. Acad. vi. 875), by the
saultliahaiant of ‘his well-defined order Supe Nor, though I
re tebe Sir J. D. Hooker holds a different opinion, does it seem

e that there is any solid ground for riecuan to the ae he
ies separated from Spirea. . Maximowicz’s work is dis-
tinguished by its thoroughness and unpretentious learning.

84. Potentilla Sanguisorba Willd. — Circa Chi-fu, a. 1881, coll.
W. W. Perry. I have been much surprised to find this aes
Arctic species sith: so far south as the Shan-tung promontory,
but there is no doubt of the correctness of my determination, both

ogr. gen. Pote ]

Augustinowicez. The pai is not glabrous, but slightly downy
(Cfr. Trautvetter, Act . Petrop. v. 50). The Chi-fu flora is
well worthy of Sa uy and I hope my valued friend F. B.

orbes, than whom no one is more ¢ apable, will atnaidate *
thoroughly. Debeaux’s ‘Florule’ is at once pretentious and im
perfect.

(To be continued.)

ON THE FLORA OF INNISHOWEN, CO. DONEGAL.
By H. C. Harr, B.A.
(Concluded from p. 278).

Alnus glutinosa Geert.—At Knockglass, west of Malin
Quercus Robur L.—Innishowen Head ; Glengad Head, and else-
where on the coast.
Corylus Avellana L.—
uniperus communis Li. chee wclifis at Culdaff and Malin, Dickie ;
above Goorey, west of Malin. Var. nana occurs on the shore at

Orchis mascula L. and O. latifolia i —_F requent, W. HE. H.
O. maculata L.—Abundant, W. E.
rk rb albida Rich. __ Near Greencastle, W.5. H.; and
—
viridis Br.—On a low hill at ‘eseanay Dickie ; about
Culdatt in in ied or three places, not infrequen

800 _ ON THE FLORA OF INNISHOWEN, CO. DONEGAL,

H. chlorantha Bab.—Frequent, As K.H.; marshy ground near
Carrickatrahy Castle, Doagh Islan

Listera ovata Br.—Leenane ; a above the sea at the east of
Glennagiveney Bay.

L. cordata Br.— Erris, near Dunree; Bulbein Mount, ‘ Flor.
Ulster’ ; above Lough Naminn at the south-east corner; Stoolary,
south of Carndonagh, and probably frequent in suitable situations ;
Kilderry and Fahan H.

Tris Pseud-acorus on —Abundant, 730 feet, se Crockaughrim.

«I. fetidissina L.—Banks at Culmon Point, near Londonderry,
Dr. Moore, Ord. Surv ‘ epes by the stream near the bridge at

onagh,
sco ursinum L.—Glengoleen, W. E. H.; Ned’s Point, Bun-

Eadgestom nutans Dum.—Frequent, aah K. H.

Narthecium Ossifragum Huds.—Com

Juncus maritimus Sm.—Estuary at Culdatt; Malin estuary; not
ars on

J. effusus L ., and J. conglomeratus L.—Common. The former
form grows Med large about = get Point.
J. acuti, rh.—F re

J. Lidar ober Ebrh., ane 7: ee Meench.—Comm
hy — L. —Abundant. To the summit of Slieve "Snacht,

9

J. compressus Jacq. Riot chiefly J. Gerardi.

J. bufonius L.—-Abundan

Luzula sylvatica Bich. — ‘Go ommon ; heads as at Innishowen
Head, in open heathy places at se leve

L. campestris Willd.—F reque

ommon.
[L. pilosa Willd.—I am doubtful about this species occurring in
Donegal ; I have not restndly been able to meet with it, but my
os have usually been too late in the year.]
fn isma Plantago L.—Local, W.E.H.; marshy places on Doagh
slan

ae
A. ranunculoides L.—Boggy ground by Lough Foyle, near Derry,
Dr. Moore, Ord. Surv. Rept.

Triglochin maritimum L., and T. palustre LL,—Freque

plentifal ramosum Huds.—Frequent. Scarcer to the north,

S. simplea Huds. —Ballyarnet Lough, Dr. Moore, Ord. Surv. Rept.

S. ones L.—Lough Drimly, near Culdaff, Dickie ; ; in a bog-
hole in Mamore Gap ; "Baliyuriet Lough, Dr. Moore.

S. minimum eles. —Lough Fad, in the Mintiaghs ; Lough Inn
River e lake.

Mane minor L.—Common.

Potamogeton natans L.—Common.

P. polygonifolius Pourr.—Common

P. pusillus L.—About nara on 1 Burt and Inch Road,

P. pectinatus L.— Abundant in ditches in,Inch and Blanket-
nook estuaries; along the line ote Inch Road to Bridge End, and

ON THE FLORA OF INNISHOWEN, 00. DONEGAL. 801

about the embankments, in brackish ditches and partially reclaimed
swamp-holes.

“ P. heterophyllus Schreb.—Plentifal in Loughinn River, near the
ough,

Ruppia maritima L. ck billed along shores of Lough Foyle,
Flor, Ulst.; Malin Estuary; at Blanket Nook by the embankment.

Zostera marina Li.—Abundant in the stil) upper parts of Loughs
Foyle an y.
Zuewichallia palustris L.—Sparingly between Inch and Burn-

Schomus nigricans UL. — Innishowen Head ; Cane Head ;
Malin Head, &c., and inland in boggy places, frequent

Cladium Mariscus Br.——Lo Naminn.

Fhynchospora alba Vahl.—Bog at Culmore Point, near London-
derry, Flor. Ulst.; in a bog east of Lough Fad i n the Min ntiaghs ;
between Lough Inn and Lough Fad, East ak eee n.

Padtises rufus Link,—Side of the Foyle near Brookhall, Flor.

ocharis palustris Br.—Scarce northwards, marshy ground
near : uae Cusia on Doagh Island; Lough Inn in Kast
Innishowen; near Buncrana; Inch Island, on the ak side.
Plenti :

ulis Sm.—Plentiful in many p ;
where it is a characteristic plant; at 900 feet, west of Slieve Main;
abundant about Lough Naminn and L the Mintiaghs,

and Spear viviparous and rooting again at the florets in a
curious man

Scirpus sei L.—Kilderry, W. E. H.; at Ardmalin South,
on the west side of Malin Head; at — eer

S. lacustris L.—At Lough Naminn Lou,

. Tabernemontanit Gmel. Plentiful * Blanket Nock. near the

light- house at Innishowen itn Dickie.

S. cespitosus L.—Abun

S. fluitans Hook. » Plentifal at Lough Ramune Lough Inn
River and Lough, East Innishowen, i in great ple

S. setaceus L.—Plentiful in the district of tnnishowen, Dickie.
This remark applies rather to the following spec S. setaceus
grows near the Signal tower at Malin Head, in pester with
S. Savit.

S. Savit 8. & M. | &e. Merton n in Innishow

at 500 feet.
5 arenaria Li neurrie

. vulpina Li, pack a Innishowen Head, island of i 008
taba, &e., Dickie ; plentiful in eran, places from Inch to Burn
foot and 1 Blanket on on Lough Swilly.
. sss Diemeaics Farland Point ; and Blanket
Nook, asests Swilly.

?, stellulata Good -—Abundant.

802 ON THE FLORA OF INNISHOWEN, CO. DONEGAL.

C. ovalis Good.—Rare in Donegal, Farland Point.

C. stricta eee —By Loughinn River, and at the Lake.

C. rigida Good.—Common on Bulbein Mountain, where it was
discovered by R. Brown. Dr. Dickie gathered a plant near the
sea-level at Innishowen Head, which, he says, seemed to belong to
this species. I did not meet with it, and suppose the plant seen
to have been C. flava

C. talgorts Fr. —By the side of several of the lakes.

C. panicea L.—Common.

C. limosa Linn.—Gap of Urris, Mr. C. Moore, rt Hib.’ By
this locality is meant probably the Gap of Mamore, in Erris
Mountain, Innishowen. I have not been able to find this sedge
there, though I have repootedly searched for it. I believe I

gathered the leaves of this species by Loughinn River, near the
ye h, but it seems to be — rare in Seaunel. My specimens
were insufficient to determin

C. precox Jacq. sa oolais Station. Probably common.

C. pilulifera L. pene Poa untain.

C. one i —Com

C. flava L.— Common. "et plentiful, though stunted, at

oe

C. extensa Good.—Side of the Foyle, at a ‘Cyb. Hib.’
very oer near the Signal Tower, Malin

C. fulva Good. (C. Hornschuchiana Hoppe. arene in Innis-
howen distri Dickie. I could not find it

C. di — Innishowen Head, wat Island of Innishtrahull,
Dickie ; gone: Glengad a ‘and a t the extreme north of
Malin Head ; 3 about Inch Road an ad Buenfoot, frequently.

C. binerv d

C. Giiputlacda Good.—Comm

Anthoxanthum odoratum L. Sanbobaail, at the summit of Slieve
Snacht, 2019 feet.

Phalaris arundinacea L. — Ditches between Inch Road and
Bridge End; not a common plant.

Phleum arenarium L.— Between Greencastle and Innishowen
Head.

Alopecurus pratensis L.—Freq

A. geniculatus L.—At Malin Toad i in several places.

Nardus stricta L.—Common.

hragmites ee Trin.—Common.

Psamma arenaria R. & 8. oh ae

Agrostis canina L. —Comm

A. vulgaris With. — Conidigee A. pumila Lightf. occurs on the
summit of Slieve Pare at 1550 feet; A. vulgaris at the summit of
Slieve Snacht, 2019 feet.

Aira caspitosa L..—Co

A, flecuosa L Sear me “At the summit of Slieve Snacht,
2019 feet.

A, caryophyllea L., and A. precox L.—Frequent.

ON THE FLORA OF INNISHOWEN, CO. DONEGAL. 808

Avena pubescens L.——Coast at — Head, Dickie.
Arrhenatherum avenaceum Beauv.—Ab
Triodia decumbens Beauv. ee nt. <A very dwarf, prostrate
form occurs in patches at Malin Head abundantly.
Keleria cristata Pers. — Innishowen Head, Dickie; Dunargus,
on the west side of Malin Head.
Melica uniflora Retz. -—- Shady rocks near “the Presbyterian
Church at Malin, Dickie.
_ Molinia cer ulea Meench.+—Abundan
Poa annua L., and P. alga sis Li. —Common.
a trivialis L.—Fre
compressa Li. — 2 pes places on the old walls of Derry,
' yb. Hib.’ Only known in ic ther localities in Ireland.
Glyceria fluitans Br.—Com
Selerochloa maritima Lindl. -- . eu at Culdaff; Ardmalin ;
Inch Island, on the south side.
= S. loliacea Huds. —- Coast at Innishowen Head, and at Culdaff,
sabes osa aguatios Presl. —- Marshes a little east of Culdaff,
Dickie. est of Malin, by the estuary.
gaat us sages ee rif
Dactylis glomerata Li.—Com
Festuca sciuroides Roth. — Old walls at Bally Griffin ; coast at
5 Dickie.
F. ovina L.-— Common. At the summit of Slieve Snacht,
2019 feet.
F’, rubra L.—Common round the coast.
F sylvatica Vill.—Ned’s Point, do geile
F’, gigantea Vill_—Near Carndo
F’. arundinacca Schreb. — Can at inishowen Head, Dickie ;
ditches about Bridgetown, and abundant in Blanket Nook.

mo
Brachypodium syleaticum R. & S.—Frequent.
Triticum repens Li.—-
a. Eisen L. —Deagh ‘Wea: nree.
lymus arenarius L. — Sand as north from pare tat
Head, Dickie. This probably stands for Glennagiveny Bay, w.
the species wie in some quantity. I could not find it a
in Innishow
Lepturus incurvatus Trin .—Very rare; in the mud at the mouth
of the river below the bridge at Buncrana. I have not met with
this grass — in the she of Donegal.
Lolium peren .—Com :
a abou Willd. sees rare. At Culdaff, Dickie.
E. maximum Lam. So eae Bay; Blanket Nook, and on
venaiined | lands near Burn
E., sylwaticum Li. — Frequent at sea-level at Farland Point.
F.. limosum L,—Common.
E. palustre L., and E. arvense L..—F requent.

304 ON THE FLORA OF INNISHOWEN, CO. DONEGAL.

Polypodium vulgare L. —Com

Lastrea Oreopteris Presl. —Plentifal i in glens, as along the Straid
River; woods near Carndona

L. Filiv-mas Presl., and L. dilatata Presl.—Common

L. meen Brack. — Frequent ; Innishowen Head, &e. ; woods
near Carnd

Pol saaiekitie aculeatum Roth. — Plentiful on Crockaughrim, and
with it a form P. lobatum occurs, having a close resemblance to
Holly Fer.

P. senutone Newm. — About Goorey, west of Malin, local,
W. 4K. H.

Cystopteris fragilis Bernh. — Bulbein Mount, one plant, 1879 ;
on Coolcross at about 870 feet, in one place looki ing north-east im
ar — crevice. A very rare fern in Donegal.

Athyrium Filie st Roth.—Common

A, Adiantum-nigrum Li.—F requent above Goorey School-house.

A. Trichomanes Li ates: plentiful on Crockaughrim; Bulbein

oun
A. marinum L. —Greeneastle, Innishowen Head, and northwards
in many places. Especially plentiful at the extreme point of Malin
Head. Innishtrahull, Dickie.
A. Ruta-muraria L. —Rare, W. E. H.
Scolopendrium vulgare Sm. —Local, W.E.H,; about Fahan and
Carndonagh, very scarce
Pteris aquilina Li. —Abundant.
Blechnum boreale Sw.—Abundant. | :
once Wilsont Hook. — Gap of ag = on the
-Erris Mountains; Innishowen Head, W. EB. H.; Cooler
aeeniak regalis L. — Very rare in Innishowen. At Culdaff,
Dickie ; I was only able to hear of three or four plants having been
found in this district, and I believe they have all been gath hered.
7 on it nowhere, to my great surprise, for it is abundant in Lough
willy.
Botrychium Lunaria Sw. — Local, W.E.H.; north side of the
river at Culdaff, Dickie; at Leenane.
a ae sess vulgatum L.—Kilderry, W.E.H. Leenane, very
abundan
tae lacustris L. — Lough Naminn and Lough Fad, in the
Mintiaghs ; poe: Fad, Bast laanioe en. a
Lycopodium clavatum L, — Frequent, W.E.H.; Stoolary Hill,
about three miles south of Carndonagh; from 800 ‘to 900 foot on
the south side of the Sealp.
L. alpinum L. —Summit of Slieve Main, 8.W. of Slieve Snacht,
at eae feet.
an Selago L. — Frequent. At sea-level, close to it, at Malin

L. sela ginoides Li, — Abundant on wet sindbis near the sea at
Culdaff and Malin, Dickie; on Doagh Island, by the shore; Crock-
aughrim and en Mount; plentiful on sandy — ‘between
Panseae and Faha

ON THE FLORA OF INNISHOWEN, CO. DONEGAL. 305

SuPpPLEMENTARY Nores.

Since writing the foregoing account of the botany of centile

I have, through the assistance of Mr. More, obtained access to a

collection se er plants with localities from Donegal, made in 1839

b s Moore, now Director of Botanic Gardens at Sydney.

From t .t have extracted the following notes relating to

Innishowen. The specimens were examined by Mr. More and
myse

Cr sate maritima L.—* On the strand, Point of Norway, parish
of Clonmanny.’

Arenaria trinervia L.—‘‘ In shady natural woods of townland of
Ballygrattan, parish of Upper Moville.” An addition to the flora
of Co. Donegal,

Arabis fai Br. — ‘ Shores a ae Swilly, at Ballynany
pees. 7 . parish of Desertig

unus Padus L.—‘* Mintia hs.’

4 Ceras em —* Roadside, ait:

Ligusticum scoticum L.—*‘ Norway Point, Clonmanny.”

Carum Carui L.—* Townland of Bally liffin, Clonmanny.”’ Not
ive.

Carduus acanthoides L..—‘* Roadside near tigre a
Hieracium vulgatum Fr. (gothicum)—* Ro Rocks at Urris Gap.”
ances sempervirens Li. — % Chncehtowa, Tava Fahan.” N ot
a nativ
ee maritima Don.—~‘ Norwa ay Point.
Veronica montana L. — ‘‘ Along shore, Balen Upper
Ov re

ustrum vulgare Li.—*‘ oo south side of townland of Ridford,
cour of Culdaff.” Nota ve.
ar tremula L.—‘ ean
Euphorbia portlandica L.—* “Rocks of Sale, Binnion; and rocks
of eee, 2 arish of Clon
esc Finals L.—

”

2 Walls of Caldas Upper Moville.”

ae m Raii Bab.—* Clonca and 0
1 peo sro Roth.—‘ Church of Clonma
Avena pubescens Li.—‘* “Rocky ground in a glen pelle Kae:

parish of Low ae Rakes:
{ Lolium temulentum, t. —‘ Townland of Claggan, parish of Cul-

daff ; not uncommon.’
Tha fae Phegopteris L, — ‘* Mintiagh Glen, Altohill, Crock-

ughri
Digg ok aculeatum Roth.) ..y¢- 4:00) 9

Lastrea Oreopteris Presl. *Mintiagh.
: Botrychium Lumaria Sw. — “ Side of Lough Swilly, near Burn-
oot.”

306
ON THE FALL OF BRANCHLETS IN THE ASPEN
(POPULUS TREMULA).

By Samvuet G. Suartock, F.R.C.S.*

Tue ready fall of the branchlets in the Aspen ae tremula)
is a sufficiently remarkable occurrence among the larger exogenous
trees to merit a close investigation, and wi ith co object the fol-
lowing account may not be wholly withioat’ intere

In the exogenous trees, with scarcely any seo beyond
those to be noticed, and of which the Aspen is the most remarkable,
the death of a branchlet is followed, indeed, _by its: ultimate

the wood of the dead part undergoes changes which render it so
friable or brittle that :. is readily shaped ge see oss by the first
_ violence that befals it; if of considerable size, perhaps, by its
sheer weight. It may be sufficient to say, for = Ane esent purpose,
that in this eee of usual detachment the living parenchyma of
the bark, the cork alone excepted, furnishes ey transverse par-
titioning a line “of cork and underlying phellogen, by which the
living part = abruptly demarcated off from the dead; in some
circumstances a similar demarcation ensues in the pith and
medullary ak the woody prosenchyma and _ bast- sri alone
ae accent the dead with the living. The parenchyma
t a ; i i

dead wood . the same time becomes so brittle fo teaseeien on
the eth violence aed “ootinplats the separation of "the dead parts.
The mediate cause Pee this a of the dead wood the

h 1m
transformation into wood, at first of a modified kind, and a proper
cortical system. By the progressive advance of this tissue the
broken surface, though never healed, is covered in. In this process
no vital ehanges are set up by whic ch the dead wood of the a
part is cast off from the living, and the actual surface of the
Rackared: wood remains unhealed.

The other process of fall has been named by Berkeley+ ‘“ Cla-
doptosis.”” In a short communication, one of a valuable series,
Berkeley notices this fall as occurring in the white arillow and oak.
I have observed the same in both trees; but he does not mention»
the Aspen, in which the process is most marked, and the details of
the process, with which the present communication is me age
he did not investigate. In the following account I will li

* Read before the Linnean Society, Jan. 18th, 1883.
¢ ‘Gardeners’ Chronicle,’ Sept. 8th, 1855

ON THE FALL OF BRANCHLETS IN THE ASPEN (POPULUS TREMULA). 807

myself to the Aspen, but in the oak and willow the changes are of
a similar kind. In the larger branches of the Aspen the process
does not occur, but branchlets half an inch i in diameter and below
this readily allow of this aches! separation from their parent
branch. Externally, the union of the bra nehlet with the branch
offers to view a marked eulargotient; comparable with that which
is seen at the base of the petioles in exogenous trees or at the
bases of other deciduous stalks. The swelling or enlargement is
concentric with the branchlet; and it is through the middle of this
that the disarticulation takes place, and where the secret of the
process lies. A longitudinal section of the enlargement shows a
eneral increase in the sectional area of the medulla, the wood, and
8

inch in breadth; it crosses the bark at right angles to the surface
of the enlargement, but the wood with slight obliquity wientils the
parental branch, the zone elie as a era concave outwardly, or
forming a very obtuse outward angle. et am bark be stripped off,
the surface of the enlargement will be seen to present a series of
longitudinal clefts, ibe woody iamnatetar sine disparted b

intrusion of parenchyma. It is not that the woody tissue of the
tree is peculiar, from any great natural and general shortness of
the woody cells, or otherwise. Nor is it, again, that the death of
he wood is itself the source of the separation. For if it be the

however, a stump devoid of buds, the part dies, and is cleanly
separated across its base, in the same way as the petiole of a
deciduous leaf is cast off if the lamina be artificially removed.

In the process of separation the branchlet is detached long before
it presents the later signs of death; indeed it is difficult to believe
sometimes that the fallen part has entered upon a total death ; fe =
leaves and buds —. be still fresh spn a and its = not
tinguishable by the eye from what i uivocally alive. The
enlarged base of ake ; recently fallen branches dleplaye a soft
pale yellow minutely granular surface, moist, an niformly convex,
except at the margin, which, with the fissured sda of the cork, is
slightly raised. After the detached parts have become dry, the
wood presents, instead of a continuous surface, a series of deep

Ww
parent branch the corresponding surface acquires characters of a
more permanent kind, and the resulting cicatrix is cupped, radi

ridged in the situation of the wood and in a finer manner beyond,

808 oN THE FALL OF BRANCHLETS IN THE ASPEN (POPULUS TREMULA).

and uniformly brown from shanget in the cork which corey it.
The cicatrizing process is pec culiar, inasmuch as it occurs simul-
anole! in the whole of the ieaiey but I will refer to this again.
w what does the microscope show regarding the structure of

the Stitenlar enlargement? How does the area through which the
disarticulation occurs differ from the rest of the branchlet? Two
transverse pees prepared from wood hardened in alcohol,
aR with magenta and glycerine, washed, and mounted in
Sef ee aye es. following differences. The section of the
ht displays a uniformly and deeply-stained wood, traversed
by medullary rays (of cells in single rows), and perforated with
vessels arranged with uniform aregularity, cach slightly larger
and in excess in the limits of the annual rings. e wood is suc-
ceeded by a lightly-stained cambium, then by an abundance of soft
bast, in which lie groups of bast- fibres ; through both of these the
sraneverey elongated cells of the medullary rays are extended,
and it the presen of these that the fine radial markings
referred to in ee cortex of the scar and separated brengl’ss

Contrasting with this, the section of the zone through which
the disarticulation of the branchlet occurs presents almost solely a
lightly-stained parenchymatous tissue, of cells square in section,
intersected with the transversely elongated cells of medullary rays,
and having the vessels arranged in radiating planes, instead of
promiscuously as in the branchlet; the woody cells are very few,
ered in groups adjoining the vessels ; in other sections the
woody cells are eee absent; the cambium ie cortical system
offer nothing pe
oapindiont ed made through the enlargement show the
wood to cease on either side of this parenchymatous zone, the
vessels alone being continued sninterraptodly through ibs the
same section shows the arenchyma of the articular zone to be
composed of longitudinally elongated cells crucially iteseted by
planes of similar cells which form the Bou Thi
absence of parenchyma and the free presence of aaa cgi
at once the readiness with which the veanehiatd admit of artificial
detachment, and how it is that the construction of the parts allows
of cell-changes by which a disarticulation may be effected similar
to that which occurs in the active fall of a leaf.
The changes which precede and prepare the way for the fall of
a branchlet are essentially the same as those which precede the
fall of the leaf or other articulate organs. A circular fissure in the
cork along the middle of the swelling is the first outward and
visible sign of the process proceeding wit ithin. Longitudinal sections
made in this stage exhibit beneath the microscope a transverse
zone of cork already formed in the p pel a dea of the swelling
beneath the circular fissure in the 5 ede cor
_ The bast-fibres and vessels of the wood pass through the new-
formed cork, and are indeed the only structures which re
connect the di part with the parent branch; both are

ON THE FALL OF BRANCHLETS IN THE ASPEN (POPULUS TREMULA). 809

ruptured by the first slight violence, but the surface of the branch
thus rudely exposed is already healed throughout by the cork, the
ends of the vessels and the bast-fibres alone excepted—these project
unhealed in the scar, anti eventually the periodic growth of the
parenchyma and cork buries them beneath the surface. The pro-
ess of healing is steirelats quite different from that by which
a fractured surface is closed over in other exogenous trees ; in
ese if occurs, as before noticed, os the progressive advance of
new tissue produced from the cambiu
Such is the structure of comparatively recent scars in the
Aspen, bu t i in time wood is formed in the parenchyma or ground-
tissue of = -~ cemnn the phellogen as cork, in conjunction
with, and as an sion he — yearly addition of wood to the
general firtste or he bra the ground-tissue solani a

cambium, which is Seely o continued around the parenchyma

the articular zone to the branchlet beyond, though inte cambium
cells do not under the ordinary circumstances produce woody tissue

n the inner side, but furnish only the elongated parenchyma of
the articular zone aoe describe

e reasons why the branchlets should be thus eee

ready for such a disarticulation, and why they fall, are diffie
render. Very often the fallen parts appear healthy, and have dias
buds and even leaves fresh on them. Berkeley remarks, ‘* The.
cause of death in the eanchan : is uncertain, sicnahciek 8, perhaps,

hment which was destined for their use.’’ Th in
the autumn; af ell-changes at the articulation have
occur w the ground with branchlets, as i

red a gale may

will disarticulate leaves when ready for their fall; but the living
process is a necessary antecedent to the detachment which does
not own a purely mechanical causation

Cladoptosis occurs in the other genus of the same natural order,
viz., in the willow; and it occurs also in the oak, the scars of
which closely ant ew those of the Aspen, and are similarly
formed, not by an overgrowing of new tissue from the cambium,
but by a simultaneous healing of the entire surface. Amongst

occurs

genera of the Artocarpacer, Antiaris towicaria (Upas tree) and
Antiaris wate i _ as in Castilloa elastica, the india-rubber
- tree of Central i.

why of all $868 these few should be so constructed it is, to
say ths least, difficult to offer epimers The natural history of
the articulate stems of Crassula arborescens may fu rnish some clue

demand and supply of the plant are unequal; the parent stem
detaches soradns of its growth, which afterwards find an inde-
pendent mode of existence. And in the well known br ophylian

810 ON THE FLORA OF SOUTH BEDFORDSHIRE.

it is also true that leaves which spontaneously fall will produce
buds and a crop of new plants, in the same way as will those which
are prematurely removed by art for the rien end. ‘The process in
fact is an adventitious means of propagation. And in the Aspen,
as a mere conjecture, it may under pion be the same, a
I have seen as yet no evidence of this. Or is the reason to be di
covered from a study of arboreal evolution? Perhaps such a ata
might show the peculiarity to be the remains of a met ethod of
propagation, remains which now pet no end, yet persist as well-
nigh useless relics of a bygone pro That the provision for
such a separation is merely in site cpation of a death of the
ieiekinte can scarcely be maintained, for such a death is of mere
accident if it is only such as occurs in ae trees, and in these no
similar provision exists. In the animal organism the death of a
part is followed by active cell-changes which lead to its complete
separation ; but 1 believe there is no instance of an original an
abiding peculiarity of structure in any part, in anticipation of a
death which is to be determined solely = accident.

ON THE FLORA OF SOUTH BEDFORDSHIRE.
By James SaunpDers.
(Continued from p. 178).

awlaria hybrida A. DC.—Abundant in cornfields.

Vaccinium Myrtillus L._—Limited to the lower greensand range,
where it is abundant.

Calluna chs te Salish.

Pyrola minor L.—Very rare. Woods at Pepperstock and Aspley.

Monotropa Hypopitys L.—Local. Under beech trees, Markham
Hills, by the New Mill End Road.

raxinus excelsior L. Ligustrum vulgare L.

Vinca minor L.—Local. Limbury. New Mill End.

Erythrea Centaurium Pers.

Chlora perfoliata L.—Abundant on the lower chalk escarp.

Gentiana Amarella L.—Abundant over the chalk district.

Menyanthes trifoliata L.—Very local. “ts Marsh, from
which it is fast disappearing. SE Flitto

Convolvulus arvensis L. m L.

Cuscuta europea Murr. keel Daub Hills, Totternhoe.

Solanum Duleamara L.

S. nigrum L.—Rare. Ampthill Woods.

Hyoscyamus niger L.—Local. Limbury

Verbascum Thapsus

V. nigrum L.—Abundant on railway banks and waste places.

V. Blattaria L.—A casual on Hart Hill, F. Wiseman, 1878.

Scrophularia Balbisii Hornem.—Common near water.

S. nodosa L.

Digitalis purpurea L.—Local. Luton Hoo. Aspley.

ON THE FLORA OF SOUTH BEDFORDSHIRE. 811

& er ewe majus L.—Midland Railway, far from houses, Har-
g

ape Dag aba Mill.—_Common on old walls.

LL. Elatine Mill., L. spuria are abundant in gravelly fields
over the ‘chalk district

L. repens Mill. —Abundant on railways, often growing in the
interstices cof the bare chalk.

ris Mill.

L. minor oe Dai .—Locally abundant. Leagrave. spate
Veronica hederifolia L.; V. polita Fries.; V. 2 Pe
V. arvensis L.; V. serpyllifolia L.; V. officinalis L.; V. REO Li.
L ; n.

mm:
V. scutellata L. =-Vory local. Limbury. Northall.
Euphrasia officinalis L. Bartsia Odontites Huds.
Pedicularis palustris L.—Not common. Flitwick Marsh. A
small bog, Heath and Feach, Totternhoe Mead.
P. sylvatica L.—Rar Som meries. ‘ Ampthill Heath,” Abbot.
Rhi nents. Crista- “galli L.—Common. £. major.—Rare. Chalky
ar “ tart n Hills.
yrum pratense L.— Locally abundant. Pepperstock
Woods. ee ey Woo
athrea opanore L.—Local. Luton Hoo. « Whipsnade,
Studham,” A
mis coal L.—Local. Totternhoe, near Luton.

Mentha sylvestris L.—Rare, A damp ditch, West Flitwick.

hirsuta. Mia ’
Thymus Serpyllum ie T. Chamedrys Fries. Both occur,
but I have no notes as to their relative frequency.

Origanum vulgare L.—Common

Calamintha Eidenmudions Spenn. C. Acinos Clairv.

Nepeta Glechoma Benth.

N. Cataria Shin cpg ee

Salvia Verbenaca L.—Local. Toddi

Prunella vulgaris L. Scutellaria salen L.

Marrubium vulgare L.—Sundon Hills; probably an 1 eseape.

Ballota fetida Lam.—Common.

Stachys Betonica Benth.; S. palustris L.; S. sylvatica L.

Galeopsis Ladanum L. —Frequent in cor nfields.

G. versicolor Curt.—Abundant at Flitwick Marsh.

G. Tetrahit Li.

Lamium ampleaicaule L. eA purpureum L. L. album

LL. Galeobdolon shoe —Locally common in the perils: south,
and at ampse

Petes reptans Li.

a: kai Schreb.—Abundant in several cornfields on the

lower chalk escar arp, — — Streatley.
Teucrium Scorod
a vulgare s Saka in waste places and land out of
tivati

Tamanna: arvense Li.—Locally abundant south of Luton.

812 ON THE FLORA OF SOUTH BEDFORDSHIRE.

Myosotis cespitosa Schultz; M. palustris With. ; M.arvensis Hoffm.

M. versicolor Reich.—Lo cal. Near Luton. "Heath and Reach.

Anchusa arvensis Bieb.—Probably limited to the lower green-
sand district.

Borago a, L.—Abundant on one part of Flitwick Marsh,
but a, an escape.

Symphytum oficinal L.-—Loeally abundant near water. Shar-

enhoe ‘Plitwisk

Hottonia palus ustris L.--Rare. Potton, Miss Higgins.
Primula vulgaris Huds.—The variety caulescens is not uncommon
in Sundon and ae Woods.
P. veris L.—Abun
a renee L _—Not observed further south than the
R, Ouse.]
L. Nummularia L.—Abundant in moist places.
L. nemorum L.—Loeal. a Chiltern Green.
Anagallis arvensis L._-Comm
A. tenella L.—Rare. Bog, Heath and a ee Mead.
Plantago major L. P. media L. P. lanceol
P. Coronopus L.—Loeal. Tuliated to eg se teas strata.
hill.

Chenopodium candicans Lam.; C. album Reich.— Near Luton ;
C. viride L.—Flitwick.
C. Bonus-Henricus L.—-By the River Lea, south of Luton.
Atr -< oy ie Sm
A. erecta Hud —Cardington, J. McLaren. Brammingham
pale nemorosus Schrad.; R. obtusifolius Andr.; R. crispus i
R. Acetosa L.; R. Acetosella i
R. maritimus L,—Rare. New Mill End, on the banks of the
River Lea.
R. aquaticus L.—By the chives Ousel, Leighton
Poly “per Fagopyrum L.—Too frequent to be omitted.
culare Li; a. agrestinum; b. oa a —-Luton, Woburn ;
e * anata —Farley Bottom . Pryor.
P. Hydropiper L.—Local. Clophill, Flitwick.
_ PB. amphibium L., and var. terrestre.—Local. Harlington Ponds,
Woburn Park.
P. minus Huds.—Rare. In a ditch, Flitwick Marsh.
P. Bistorta L.—Very local. Moist —— south of Luton,
Abbott's only station for the south of the c
save chia Clematitis L.--Thoroughly satealiced in a wood,
Luton
Dap sth ‘Laureola L.—Local. Leagrave, ag Mill End.
Wephorbca Helioscopia 3h E. Peplus L.; FE. exigua L,
E. amygdaloides L.—L ocal in woods. iotpenienk King’s
Wood, Flitwick.
Mercurialis perennis L.—During _ successive seasons (1880-
1882) this has blossomed in the late autumn.

(To be aaa

* See Journ. Bot. 1876, p. 26.

313

IN MEMORY OF THOMAS HUGHES CORRY.

It is happily but pani that ~ pursuit of botany is attended
with results so disastrous as those which we have had lately to
deplore in the death of te Trish “bobaninteion of them already

eminent in more than one branch of the science, the other, a
comparatively recent student, but bidding fair to become a loading
lo oo i authority. But the investigation upon which Mr. T. H. Corry

and arles Dickson were engaged terminated fatally and
serauly on Thursday, the 4th of August. On the morning of that
day the two gentlemen went out in a boat upon Lough Gill, for the
purpose of examining the botany of the islands in the lake. The
weather was very boisterous, and the wind rough; the boat was
upset, and the two botanists were drowned.

Mr. Charles Dickson had sompazatively lately take up the study
of botany, but gave much promise of distinguishing himself in
local investigation, having good powers of observation. Of Mr

d in

sustained by his death can hardly be over-estimated. The os
paper upon the floral hb oe and fertilisation of A
Cornuti, which he read at the Linnean Society last Dube,
within a fortnight of his Sa irae to that body, and which has
since been published in their ‘ Transactions,’ at once established
his position as a minute and careful observer. His shorter notes,
toa ad upon Irish plants, riot of which have appeared i 2 this
ournal, presented him in another light as a pains
energetic eld botanist. Mr. Corry’s first abort iciaed botania ae
seams to have been one recording his rediscov of Car
Buxbaumii at ‘Tough Neagh, published in ‘ Beicnae ose? for
1878, p. 187.

At the = his death (at the early age of ee: Bila eg
Corry—who held at Cambridge the post of Lecturer
oe University “Medical and Science Schools and to Gita ‘alee,

well as that of Assistant Curator of the pe acl Herbari
was a candidate for the post of Examiner in Botany to the ‘Trish
Board of Intermediate Education. A copy of his eed now
before us gives a lengthy list of the honours which he had obtained.
The following notice from the pen of his friend Professor Babington
will, we are sure, be read with interest :—

“T cannot say too much in praise of my truly lamented
friend Corry. It is quite unnecessary for me to say that he was
an eraser physiological botanist, for his ade published by
the Linnean and other Savio prove this. And from
personal knowledge 2 know him to have to exceedingly well

acquainted with descriptive ulate. Indeed in this latter de-
partment he has been of the highest value to me. I lose in him
not only an excellent scientific helper, but also a very greatly
valued. ane
‘‘He was an admirable and indefatigable worker; indeed he

814 SHORT NOTES.

often worked too hard for his —— which was never very strong

during the time that I knew him. There are several points in

which I do not know how we can supply his place at Cambridge.
do.

a ell will
example so unfailingly set by our deeply lamented friend be followed
wherever his name is know

e was also, as I hae good reason to believe, fully prepared
for the sudden change which removed “7 fro m faithful service —
here to the brighter service above.—C. C. Bazineron.’

SHORT NOTES.

British Moss. — A short trip into Perthshire with my
friend the Rev. J. M. Cro ace has one ota species to our
n

to Trematodon ambiguus (Hed.) Hornsch., a species not hitherto
recorded as British, though one quite to be wae: as it occurs
sporadically all over Europe. There were only nine capsules in
the tuft, three of them equally in the von Lachnag Gebeaintas and
peristomate condition ; sad gine. tech was made all round,
no more plants were seen, and wet weather pievabstad a more
extended scrutiny further up the valley exceed Kinloch Rannoch,
the most likely direction for it. The Trematodontee constitute @

RAITHWAITE,.

A URVIVAL OF THE Firrest. — Referring to Mr. Baker's
paper (pp. 271-4), the following figures may be of interest :—

* (We regret to find that we have omitted to draw attention to the issue e
part vii. of this ihn work, which seems to improve with each instalmen
—Eb. Journ. Bor.]

SHORT NOTES, 815
1. Average “distribution” of the British species (Lond. Cat.)—
«> 66. C. 44.

2. Percentage of British to exotic species in each class—
Indigenons. Introduced. Aliens.
61 12 5

A
B. 37 10 3
C. 11
ce—1. Species er show the greatest reacere.é to spread
at Hews are those which have in the course of time me most

general in the British area. 2. British species sets qaviteakly
competed er ‘hg in — native conditions of temperature,
&e. What c s the apparent weakness of Ranunculus bulbosus,
its « distribution” being 89 > ice ld not this method, if applied
to such species in the list as are most commonly found in gardens,
show a similar ape in their favour when compared with the
exotics ?—HRNEs MER.

eres: or Urricunaria.—Referring to Mr. H. C. Hart’s

y Ww. g

grown in deep water it ‘shies like U. vulgaris, as described by
Darwin ; _ I hei that nes two modes of depositing the
winter-bud are common to all o oe and result from the
depth of ani in wich the plant 00 I presume that the
stems of U. intermedia do not survive tke @ winter, and that the buds
only ‘remain attached” until the stems decay in late autumn, as

in the other sit Perhaps Mr. Hart yous experiment on
v. intermedia grown in deep water ?—W. H. B

Myosurus MINIMUS IN ‘‘ wasTE PLACES,’’—In seo to Mr. Fryer’s
query (p. 280), I have seen this plant on gravelly banks adjoining
the towing-path by the canal near Send, Surrey, associated with
such plants as Papaver Argemone, Spergula arvensis, &e. — W. H.

BY.

RASTIUM HOLOSTEOIDES F'r,—This Cerastium occurred on each
side of f the River Cree, between two and three miles south of
Newton Stewart, in Wigton and Kirkcudbright, typical examples
being obtained from both places; but, as in specimens obtained
the Perth locality, the pubescence on the stem varied from the

o characteristic lines to a more general diffused pubescence.
The glabrous pom and larger flowers, coer the biennial growth,
however, well mark the plan C

Victa — DC. E. Comewie AND 6a ICENDIA FILIFoRMIs Del.
in N. Devon. — On Sept. 11th, while examining the plants of
Givens Moai 3 in E. Doeweal Mn T. R. Archer Briggs and I found

Vicia Orobus growing in considerable quantity in some rough furzy
ground 1 Ae ois right bank of a small stream flowing into
the Tam It seemed confined to the drier spots, appearing

chiefly in aaa pe the tufts of Vie Gallii, with Viola lactea and
Lathyrus macrorrhizus. We saw perhaps a hundred plants in about
an acre of ground, all past flowering and many with ripe fruit.

816 NOTICES OF BOOKS.

- This first recorded Cornish station must be some fifteen miles or so
from Mr. Husband’s Devon fee (the only one yet Be or

), and Kilkhampton Road. On the
following day (Sept. 12th) Mr. Saar prreens "Cicondia Ajo
from two spots between Pyworthy and North Tamerton, he
Devon side of the Tamar. In one (a Ste roadside) it extended
for between twenty and thirty yards; but at the other (on a
- neighbouring common) it appeared only very ee a was

not accepted as a Devon plant by Watson, although he it to

have been vaguely Sua Ane os such in ‘Flora pce and
elsewhere.—W. Moy.

Lirarts Lorseii ec h, ae AMBRIDGESHIRE.——['his rare plant,
which seems to have been ‘overtonked or not recorded from thi
county since 1868, still grows in some plenty on a moor in Prof.
Babington’s District 5, Burwell. As patches of from two or three

seems no danger of its becoming lost to the Cambridgeshire flora
at present._-AuLrrep F'RyER.

PoTaMoGETONS NEW TO CamBRIDGE anD Hunts. — Potamogeton
Zizii M. & K., in abundance in the parishes “of tages and
Welches Dam, in Cambridgeshire; and by Parsonware Drov
the parish of Ramsey, Hunts. PP. decipiens Nolte, plentifully in

Sutton gault to Witcham gravel, in — ; and rarely in the old
Bedford at Earith, Hunts. —A.rreD Fryz

NOTICES OF BOOKS.

The Botanical Record Club, Phanerogamic Report for the Years
1881 and 1882, by the Referees and Editor. Manchester:
Printed by James Collins. 1883. Pp. 179-251

s Report contains, as usual, a large amount t of matter of
great ‘ian to those who study the geographical distribution of our
British plants. It contains also critical notes of varying interest

and importance, for which the Editor, Mr, F. A. Lees, is mainly
responsible. e have no space for a detailed criticism, but may
note two or three points in passing. A variety of Veronica Anagallis
is named glandulosa by Mr. Lees, but seems from his description to
have slender claims to a distinctive name. A long editorial note
on Orchis incarnata seems to us likely to add to the misunderstanding
already existing as to that plant—a misunderstanding which we -
not think Mr. Clarke fully cleared up, and on which Mr. Corry
preparing a paper for this Journal at the time of his sel Ee
decease. We doubt whether the plant so named i in this Report is
in all cases the true incarnata ; and the date “July 5th” assigned
to its flowering at Birkdale (Southport) is exceptionally late, it

NOTICES OF BOOKS. 817

one roms in full bloom in that locality by the middle of Jun
returns to the charge as to the naming of Carex pitalifer
ae come regarding which he seems to labour under a curious
misconception. We doubt if anyone has aia ourennly we ads
never done so—that a name may not be emplo yed as a varietal one,
if originally used a specific oo on, aed it is a mistake to sup-
lig

pose that such a use is obligatory ; and s se Mr. Lees cannot
imagine that his ‘‘consent’’ co Sake be necessary t pcg atite | of
the plant, or that the absence of such ‘con cant ustify him

in eying that ‘the varietal title Leesii was improp ine becln ai. es

e surprised to find that Dr. Boswell and Mr. Lees regard
the iiieecshite Lycopodium complanatum as merely L. alpinum,
although they differ in their estimate of its position, Dr. Boswell
thinking it “pure and simple L. alpinum,” while Mr. Lees considers

eign specimens in sag British Museum Herbarium
ncaa in referring it to complanatum, in which opinion, it will
_ be remembered, Prof. es and Mr. Baker coincide.

The he “New County per Pe is likely to Set those
who ‘6 not understand it in the of the Club as including
records ‘‘additional to “Popographical Botany’ and ‘nie Record
Club Reports, 1873-1880.” Thus many of Mr. Ridley’s Radnor-
shire plants (Journ. Bot., 1881, 170-174) appear ae as “new
county records” on the authority of the Rev. A. Ley; so with the
Rey. W. M. Rogers’s N. Devon Plants (J. Bot., 1882, pp. rei 10), aad
Mr. Druce’s E. Perth plants (Id., pp. 80-83); as well as with such
-— as Mrythrea capitata, Cineraria ig ig es. and many more
—e.g., Salix Smithiana, here recorded for N. Somerset as new, but
included by Mr. Baker in his list of Bacau pene i Bot., 1875,

. 860). Readers of this Journal, to many of whom the Record
Club Reports are inaccessible, would do well to tae that Carex
rigida, recorded from East Perth by Mr. Druce (in J. Bot., 1882,

2), is ‘‘doubtful,” while Mr. Roper’s Agrostis setacea (J. Bot
1881, p- 873) is correctly agit by Mr. Lees to Festuca ovina.
We may add that Mr. Roper informs us his Livia ruderale in
the same rere should be os ited:

e ure to think it would lend additional value to the
Report was the plants of certain groups meee over for namin

mogetons as are the ‘Messrs. Groves with the Charas, so their
opinion upon plants of these groups _ be of ana ts

Among the ‘aliens, pee and escapes” may be sabed eoeds
of Potentilla norvegica from Middlesex, Hertfordshire, and South-
West Yorkshire; and Anthooanthum Puelii from Herefordshire.
Sap ie two plants as likely to become permanent additions to
our

318 NOTICES OF BOOKS.

Unver the title ‘The Student’s Guide to Structural, Morpho-
logical, and sid et Botany’ (J. A. Churchill & Co.) Prof.
Bentley has issued a compact little volume intended to ‘serve as
an introduction to the — s ‘Manual of Botany,’ and other
larger and more comprehensive works.’’ Much care has been
exereised in bringing the book up to date; the mre are
numerous and well executed; and the volume cannot, hink,
fail to es of great service as an introduction, not only to ‘larger
works,’’ but to the study of the science of which it treats.

HE recently issued part (fasc. xc.) of the ‘ Flora betsnat is’
iatades the Gramineae, the Andropogonee and Tristeginee, of
which it consists, being undertaken by M. E. Hackel.

KE has issued the concluding part of the second

volume of “his ‘Illustrations of British Fungi,’ with index to
i. and ii. It is intended to proceed forthwith with the
publication of the ‘Illustrations’ of the remaining sections of

ork does not receive the support which it certainly deserves,
“pga a ‘sige accounts for the somewhat ae eine charged for
umber

Tue second number of vol. xii. of ‘English Botany’ (No. 85 of
the whole work) succeeds ae first with commendable asad ite
It contains five new plate a Thelypteris, L. remota,
uliginosa, L. glandulosa, a: . emula— showing so marked ss
improvement upon the remainder, especially those of the old
es one Botany,’ that we regret that there are not more of

Messrs. os & Co. have begun a reissue of Mr. Britten’s
‘Kuropean Ferns.’

THosE 5 tanists who are interested in the relations between

(No. 100). We must suppose that the Coun vil had some reason
for so doing, but it seems to us that they would have been more in
place in the Botanical section of the ‘ Journal.’

Mr. T. R. Arcurr Brices sends us a second instalment of his
‘Queries in Local Topographical Botany,’ reprinted from the
‘Transactions of ote bagers Institution’ for 1882-838. We

=
the second is equal to it in value and interest. It is mainly
occupied with the Umbellifere of Devon and Cornwall, the histo
a Tideec elega cornubiense as a British plant being especially
resting.

ARTICLES IN JOURNALS. 819

m Prof. Sereno Watson we have received part xi. of his
ao Samtabotions - American Botany,’ which contains the

conclusion of the list of Dr. Palmer’s South-Western Texas and
No wi Mexico Sree nd a ‘Description of some new Western
specie In th forrnie paper two new peers a of Liliacee—

Siawieeks and Hemiphylacus—are establis

Unver the title ‘Finland: its Forests and =i Management,’
Dr. J. Croumbie Brown has published (Oliver & Boyd, Edinburgh)
the third of a series of volumes, the publication of which has been
undertaken as a contribution to the literature of Forest Savio
Like its predecessors, it is an interesting and readable compilation,
_ containing much information about the subject of which it treats.

NE EW Booxs. — L. F. Meio fo ‘Forme Quercinum Croati-
corum’ (8vo, pp. 24, tt. 10). — A. Kerner, ‘ Schede ad Fl. Exsice,
Austro- -Hungaricam’ (Vienna, Frick: we iv., 175).—N. Patouillard,
‘Tabule Analytic oe ey (Polign Gindre: Fase. i. ., 8vo,
40: tt. 32).—F. Gustave & F. eno agi Foicth: eee d’ Auvergne’
(Clermont-Ferrand, Thibaud : : 12mo, pp. xlviii., 576).—O. Kuntze,
: Phytonsosédioue’ (Leipzig, Frohberg, 1884: os pp. xvi., 213).

ARTICLES IN JOURNALS.—SEPTEMBER.
merican Naturalist. —I. P. Gratacap, ‘Growth of Plants in
eid solutions..—M. E. Jones, ‘ New Plants’ (Cymopterus corrugatus
and Jva nevadensis from Nevada, Cereus maritimus from Mexico,
p. 2

Ann - Se iences, Nat. (6th 8., xvi., Nos. 1, 2 & 8: August). —
J. Constantin, ‘Etude comparée des tiges delet et souterraines
des Dieotylédons’ ie 8).—R. Zeiller, ‘ Fructifications des Fougéres
du n hou

Saeedas Gas (Aug. 81 & Sept. 7). — M. Biisgen, ‘Die
Bedeutung des Insektenfanges fiir Drosera rotundifolia.’—(Sept. —

Detmer, ‘Ueber die Enstehung merrier nder Fermen
in den Zellen héherer Pflanzen.’ — (Sept. 21). O. Warbur, a
‘ Ueber Bau und Entwickelung des Sue yon Caulotretus hetero-
phyllus

Bouanbwies Centralblatt (Nos. 85-88). — J. E. Weiss, ‘Das
ee pa ig apr tae einiger Dikotyledonen in seiner

Beziehung zu den Blat
Botanisk tea d as peer 8-4 hefte). — N. H. Bergstedt,
J

‘Bornholms Flora,’ part i. — C. Jensen, ‘ Analoge Variationer hos
Sphagnaceerne.’

otaniska nies (haft. 4).—B. Jénsson, ‘ Normal forekomst af
parkas hos albgiek. Tvceluri' (1 plate). — Id., ‘ Poly-

embryoni Tea Trifolium pra
Garden (Sept. 1). — one arpus cyaneus (ic. pict.) — (Sept. 8).
‘ Dendrobium nobile, var. nobilius’ (ic. pict.). — G. Nicholson, ‘ The

288 ARTICLES IN JOURNALS.

Sophoras.’ — (Sept. 15). ‘The Trumpet Daffodils’ (ic. pict.).*—
(Sept. 22). C. Maries, ‘ Rambles of a plant-collector’ (in Nepaul). ©

Gardeners’ Chronicle (Sept. 1). — pcre belophorus Rehb. f.,
sp. 1. ; ngage tonsum Rehb. .n.; Phalenopsis Valentini ;
Rehb. f., n. sp. (hyb. nat. ?). —- J. G. 8 aker, ‘Species of Tulipa’
(conel.). — J, B. Armstrong, ‘The Southern Alps - N. Zealand’
(contd.). -—- W. B. He —- ‘Rubus Leesii ree . Culverwell’s
Hybrid Raspberry.’ —— (Sept. 18). Masdevallia gemnata Rehb. f.,
M. Gaskelliana eae % spp. nn. — epee um plantagineum, var.

— (fig. 43). — J. B. ne strong, ‘The Southern Alps of
Zea. —— (Sept. 15). Coelogyne se ee Rehb. f., sp. n
M. erg ‘Notes on Irises (contd.). — A. S. Wilson, “Potato

res (Peziza postuma & Wils., sp. n.: fig. 60). —

(Sept. 22). Sigmatostalix malleifera Rehb. f., ” Masdevallia trichochate
chb. f., Zygopetalum forcipatum Rechb. f., spp. nn.—P. MacOwan,

ee (fig. 58).—-M. Foster, ‘Notes on Irises’ (contd.).

Journal of Linnean Society (Sept. 24). — P. T. Cleve, ‘ Diatoms
collected during Nares’ Arctic Expedition.’ — J. C. Howard, ‘ Cin-
‘chona Calisaya, var. Ledgeriana, How., and C. Ledgerian Moens.’
— H. N. Ridley, ‘New or rare Monocotyledonous Plants from
Madagascar’ (Polystachya rosellata, P. minutiflora, Cynosorchis
gibbosa, C. grandiflora, Xerophyta spinulosa, Drimia Cowanii, Fim-
bristylis cinerea, Rh ynchospora leucocarpa, Acriulus (n. gen.) mada-

gascariensis, A, griegifolius (Angola), Fintelmannia setifera, spp. me

—R. A. Rolfe, ‘ Selaginea\described by Linneeus, Bergius, Linn, GL;
Thunberg’ Sp nigrescens, S. Dregei, S. capituliflora, S. nee
spp. nn.).— Ames ‘Recent additions = Flora of Fiji’ (many
new speci me — C. Clarke, ‘On Hemicarex and its allies
(1 plate: many new persigi —W. T.T. ver. ‘New Economic
Fe ake ares at Kew.’ — I. B. Balfour, ‘A New Pandanus’
Midland Naturalist. — W. B. Grove, ‘ Mycological Notes.’ —
J. KE. Bagnall, ‘Flora of Warwickshire’ (Campanulacee—Apocyne@).
Naturalist. — W. West, ‘Plants of Malham.’ — H. Boswell,

‘ Campylopus brevifolius.’

Zeitschrift. —T. F. Hanansek, ‘Ueber eine

u 7=—-A.
‘Zur Flora von Pressburg.’ — P. G. Strobl, ‘Flora des Etna’
(contd.).

Science-Gossip.—H. W. Kidd, ‘ Fasciated Stems.’—G. H. Bryan,
Botany at the English Lakes.

* We cannot refrain from drawing attention to the great beauty of this
and many of the coloured plates in the ‘Garden.’ As specimens of colour-
printing they seem to us in advance of ae productions of the kind,

821

SPICILEGIA FLORA SINENSIS: DIAGNOSES OF NEW,
AND HABITATS OF RARE OR HITHERTO UN-
RECORDED, CHINESE PLANTS.—VIIL.

By H. F. Hance, Ph.D., Memb. Acad. Nat. Our., &., &e.
{( Continued from p. 299).

« 85. Illigera rhodantha, sp. nov. — Ramulis striato-sulcatis

sicteltie foliolis 8-nis breviter setiobalatis elliptico- oblongis basi

subcordatis apice obtusiusculis er se utrinque opacis preter
nervos pubentes glabris nervis venisque subtus prominulis subtus
oculo armato pandas minutis albis dense obsitis, paniculis erectis

remote multifloris, calycis tubo fulvo-tomentoso, petalis roseis 4-5

. longis extus puberis, staminodiis cucullatis, fructibus pubentibus
4-alatis 2 poll. latis medio 1} est tea? alis 2 majoribus apice

Secus fl. Lien-chau, ; Cadtonensta, fif. d. 5 Oct. 1881, frf.
Apr. 1882, super rupes ceetidreott invenit rev. B. C. Henry.
(Herb. propr. n. 22072.)

No doubt a very near ally of J. dubia Spanoghe. The sepals
and petals are much longer Zhess those of - pulchra Bl.!, and the
wings of the fruit more oe tem than in I. Kurzii C. B. Clarke},
where they are also only two. Mr. Henry describes it as a beautiul
ole with profuse bright rose-coloured

6. Woodfordia floribunda re “i —Ad fh Shiu-hing, sec

fl. West River, prov. Cantonensis, d. 6 Maii eae a C. oxy
ae are the only wild Chinese poutine I have

. Epilobium (Chamenerion) ag es oe ame waa Hami,
fevers chin., Maio 1881, coll. W. Mes

Hydrocot, yle rongeseg Thunb. — In jug 0 Lo-fau- shan, prov.
Cantonensis, sub exitu m. Sept. 1882, le rev. K. Faber. Now,
so far as I know, first eho Wg from Chin

9. sth ges faleatum L., 83. glare im — Circa

Chin-kiang, prov. Kiang-su, m. Aug. 1
40, Angeli decursiva Franch. & Savat. —In ins. Formosa,
prope Tam-sui, m. Maio 1882, fructibus onustam, invdnit am. T.
Waiters. Only hitherto ‘seconded from J frig
6% 41. Viburnum (Evvimurnum, Lantana?) Fordis, sp. nov.—
Frutescens, ramis re janioeitas inflor sleoetitia potolngue dense gilvo-
stellato-tomentosis, foliis chartaceis ovatis.v. rhombeo-ovatis basi

obtusis v. rotundatis apice acutiusculis a medio ad apieei sinuato-
dentatis dentibus callosis supra vix lucidulis secus costam tomen-
tosis subtus pallentibus opacis glandulosis costa nervis trabeculisque
stellato-tomentosis ad utrumque latus parallele 5-6 costulatis costa
costulisque supra impressis subtus prom minulis 14-24 poll. longis
1-14 poll. latis petiolo 8-5 lineali, ouryentia exillarivas et termi-
nalibus A sao culatis folium adwquantibus v. superantibus 5-radiatis
prs mulosis multifloris, floribus breviter pedicellatis 2 lin.

nett 0, = eellysis extus stellato-pilosi dentibus obsoletis, corolle
stile extus pilose intus glaberrime lobis ovalibus obtusis ciliatis,

JounnaL oF Borany.—Vou. 21. [Novemper, 1883.] y

822 SPICILEGIA FLORZ SINENSIS.

staminibus corolla dimidio longioribus i eee stylo brevissimo
stigmate faucem attingente, drupa.... ?
silvis ad Ting-ii- -shan, prov. gE RES secus fl. West
River, d. 6 Maii 1882, coll. C. Ford. (Herb. propr. n. 22086.
beli i

and of fruit hi
possible to decide with certainty. I have named it for Mrs. Ford,
the constant assistant of her husband in the sian of the
results of his fruitful explorations.

A atrinia eee ae) een Bunge. — = fl. Lien-chau,
sinh Cantonensis, m. Oct 1882, leg. rev. R. H. Graves

ark of that capital botanist Mi G. B. Clarke (FI. Br. Ind. i

210) first led me to compare my P. graveolens with the ae
and figure given by Bunge forty-eight years ago of his P. ovata
(Pl. monghol. .. a 23, t. 2), and there is no doubt they are

identical. Like many other instances given in the present compi-

lation, the species sais Ss from the extreme north to the south of
mpire

43. Patrinia A ibe sag aoe Fisch. — Juxta Shui-kwan,

secus fl. West River, prov. Cantonensis, in umidis solatis, Apr.

1882, invenit C. For rd ; ad fl. Lien-chau, m. Oct. 1882, coll. rev.
. Graves.

4, Gynura angulosa DC. — Circa eas -sui, ins. Formos,
Januario 1882, coll. T. Watters. I am told by Mr. Watters that
this is largely grown by the Chinese as an let vegetable.

45. Centaurea (Centaurium) Amberboa Lam., y. glauca. — Juxta
lacum Ko-ko-nor, a. 1881, invenit W. Mesny.

45. Centaurea (Aeroptiton Picris zal — Circa Ha-mi, Tur-
kestanis chin., Maio 1881, leg. W. Mes

AT. Paramus ae. Si Desf. wae y Ha- -mi, Turkestanie chin.,
ee 1881, leg. W. Mesny. A very dwarf form.
Lachion tatarica C. A. M. — Ad lacum Ko- ne: -nor, necnon
cire. Gs. -mi, Turkestanie chin., a. 1881, leg. W. Mes
49. Lobelia ale gon) trialata. Ham. — In Set. " Qz-chnan,
a. 1881, leg
50. ‘Pieris (Pies Aa Don.—Ad Tam-sui, ins. Formosa,
m. Maio 1882, detexit am. T. Watters. Only hitherto recorded
from Japan
51. Atdssia pusilla A. DC,—Juxta pagum Lung-mun, 100 m. p.
a Cantone orientem versus, d. 3 oe 1882, coll. rev. B. C. Henry.
Only previously known from Ja
yv® 52. Symplocos (Hoprza Tosa) adenopus, sp. nov. — Fru-
tescens, ramulis leviter angulatis fusco-pubescentibus, foliis coriaceis
oblongo- lanceolatis basi acutis apice cuspidato-acuminatis margine
ineequaliter rigide crebre glanduloso-serrulatis supra lete viridibus
glaberrimis costa impressa venisque inconspicuis subtus pallidiori-
as costa venisque parce hirtellis intra marginem arcuatim anas-
tomosantibus prominentibus 54-64 poll. longis 20 lin. latis petiolo
7-lineali supra canaliculato glandulisque parvis ovoideis cire. 44 in
series duas dispositis preeditis, floribus in glomerulos densos sessiles

SPICILEGIA FLOR SINENSIS. 823

vr Si bracteis suborbiculatis extus fusco-hirsutis intus glaber-
cumdatis, calycis sublinealis lobis oblongis obtusis parce
cilistis, Abiseilis-< alycem duplo superantis lobis oblongis obtusis,
ovario iatetedtite apice intruso, stylo integro glaberrimo calyce
duplo longiore.
In jugo Lo-fau-shan, prov. Cantonensis, d. 22 Sept. 1882, leg.
v. H. Choe (Herb. propr. n. 22138.
eed rly allied to S. japonica A. DC. and S. congesta Benth., but
- quite different in foliage, and remarkable for the numerous beau

(4 53. Jasminum (Unrrouata) microcalyx, sp. nov. — Fruti-
culosum, glaberrimum, leve, ramis teretibus stvintia foliis simpli-
cibus ovatis basi scar apice caudato-acuminatis mucronatis
subquintupli- et penninerviis opacis nervis subtus tenuiter promi-

nulis axillis barbatis Fe 2% poll. longis 1-1} poll. latis petiolo supra
canaliculato tomentoso medio articulato bilineali, cymis axillaribus
axis 1-8 floris folio triente brevioribus, spirit pe subelavatis 2 lin.
longis, calyce urceolato indurato lineam longo us brevissimis
Se tas hee albide tubo 5-7 me longo oral lobis 5 acutis

on ngi
O hatke Hoi- hau, ins. Hai-nan, d. 19 Oct. 1882, coll. rev. B. C.
Henry. (Herb. propr. n. 22171.
re to J. attenuatum Roxb.!, J. gracile Vahl.!, J. Zippelianum

‘54. " Fraainus (Fravinaster) chinensis Roxb. — Circa pagos see
ppidum Wu-hu, provincie An-hwei, m. Maio 1881, ina
foliis nauleis tantum aliaque foliis juvenilibus paniculisque piadtulis
predita carpsit am. T. L. Bullock; exemplaria foliis adultis fructi-
busque maturis onusta juxta Chi-fu, prov. Shan-tung, in collinis,
d. 17 Sept. 1880, leg. W. R. Carles. Roxburgh expressly states

rs, but Mr.
but could never find female haat ee or fruit.”’ In all other respects
i of

Roxburgh’s description, ial with the late Mr.
se inese M

are F’, mandshurica Rupr. & Maxim., which has a very different
fruit, and F’. rhynchophylla Hance, which si a very much denser
siiloreliseiise: and leaves with a very long acumen. American es
are well distinguished, but the European aad Asiatic cig of both
sections urgently demand serious study an atio:

55. Osmanthus fragrans Lour. — Ad fi. Lien- hati, p v. Can-
tonensis, m. sire . 1881, coll. rev. B. C.Henry. The itek southerly
station known to me

56. Apocy tied venetum I, — Ad Ha-mi, Turkestaniw chin. =
Maio 1881, leg. W. Mesny.

57. Cynanchum (Endotropis) Bungei Dene. — Ad Ha-mi, Tur-
os chin., Maio 1881, leg. W. Mesny. Only hitherto. on

N hina.

824 SPICILEGIA FLORZ SINENSIS.

202' 58. Gentiana (Cuonpropayiia) delicata, sp. nov. — Annua

glaberrima, caule e basi simplici, foliis infimis rosulatis 5-6 lin
longis cum ramealibus 2-4-linealibus basi connatis distantibus
oblongis aristatis margine angusto hyalino minute denticulato,
ramis axillaribus foliati is 1-2 floris, floribus Sete tee er i
us,

corolle infundibularis 6 lin. longe extus virinls intus omtulas
lobis erectis ovatis acuminatis plicis late ovatis minute denticulatis
apiculatis lobis duplo brevioribus, stylo nullo, stigmatibus binis
recurvis, capsula ellipsoidea compressa apice leviter marginata
stipite equilongo fulta mediam corollam adtingente.
d Wu-hu, prov. An-hwei, in montosis, alt. 2500-3000 ped.,
m. Maio 1881, leg. T. L. Bullock. (Herb. propr. n. 22040.
Closely allied to G. aquatica Li, G. Loureirit a G,
Piasczkit Maxim., but well distinguished from all thre
. Gentiana ' Pitianonanths ciapies In collibus ad Chi- fu, Chine
bor., m. Oct. 1874, coll. F. B. Forbes; in jugo Lo-fau-shan, prov.
Cantonensis, d. 22 Sept. 1882, detexit rev. E. Faber
60. Solanum ane Many Bge. — Ad Ha- -mi, Tur-
kestaniw chin., Maio 1881, leg. W. Mesn
6 cium chinense il. ek yes Tackle chin., m. Maio
ga coll. W. Mesn
2. Lycium ruthenicum Murr. —Cum precedenti.
68: Dodartia orientalis L, — Cirea urb. Ha-mi, raram invenit

W. Mesny.
64. Limnophila hypericifolia Benth. — ce fossis juxta Sai-ngau,
ad fl. Lien erp u, prov. Cantonensis, 210 m. p. ab urbe, d. 5 Oct.

1881, leg. rev. B. C. Henry. A native of the hill regions of India,
not hoviotialy recorded from any part of China.

11° 65. Chirita cortusifo lia, sp. nov. — Radice fibrosa, ae
foliis crassiusculis e basi cordata v. truncata suborbiculatis 6

tomentosis subtus pallidis dense pustulatis nervis tomentosis

14-13 poll. longis petiolo 14 pollicari fulvo- cone seapo ad 4 poll.

longo fulvo-villoso, floribus 2-10 in umbellam simplicem

compositam ee erectis bractea ovata 2. lineali suffultis

ebracteolatis 4 lin. longis, calyee campanulato tomentoso 4 lin
ngo

attingentibus filamentis inferne glabris apice cum antheris dense
cano- Sattatis, staminodiis minimis, ovario glanduloso-piloso stylo
brevi, yoda bilobo.

In Che-kiang, cirea oppid. Wen-chau, inv. cl. W. G.
Sicndah,- ees erb. propr. n. 22178,

A small but very pretty species, which would be quite as worthy
of cultivation as C. sinensis Lindl. I have no note of the colour ee
the flower. Its affinity is perhaps ‘lpr gh with C. primulacea C. B
Clarke! (Cyrtandr. Bengal. 114, t. 82.)

(To be plete

325

NOTES ON VEGETABLE PRODUCTS OF THE SAHA-
RANPUR & DEHRA DUN DISTRICTS, N.W. INDIA.
By J. F. Durme, M.A., F.L.§8.

(Continued from p. 181.)

Poutszs.

Cuana or Gram (Cicer arietinum L.)— The seed of this plant
affords an important ingredient of horse’s food in this part of
India ; the stalks and leaves mixed with chaff (bhusa) also con-
stitute an excellent fodder both for cattle and horses. The seeds
are eaten by the natives, either made into bread, or sweetmeats, or
as dal, or parched (chabena). There are three or four varieties of
gram, differing aoe in ae colour and size of the seeds, being

ad of a ram, rae the sect name arietinum. The plant is
said to produce oxalic acid t an extent as to — pain to
the feet when walking Gettin reste a field o

Mtne (Phaseolus Mungo L.) is a rainy season eon, -and is
usually sown mixed with some kind of millet, or with cotton.
This and the two following are coarse, hairy, trailing plants, and
not much esteemed for human food. The seed differs in colour,
being green, yellow (sona mung), or black. The stalks and leaves
are much valued as cattle-fodder. The natives use it chiefly in
the form of dal, and the food is sometimes given to horses when
gram fails.

Urp or eer (P. Mungo L., var. radiatus).—This is cultivated
and made use of in the same manner as the preceding. There are
two eats. the one with black pe the other with smaller
green seeds. The seed of this plant is pupbesed # have given rise
to the weight called “‘ masha,” the twelfth part o

Morn (P. soomett ore Jacq.).— This Repo "ttle value as a
source of human food. The stalks and leaves are given to cattle,
as well as the seeds, which are very fattenin
cultivated during the rainy season on the very poorest pa either
by itself or with bajra (Pennisetum typhoideum).

Lonrya (Vigna Catiang Endl.) is another rainy season crop. It
is grown in the plains, and on the hills up to about 4000 feet,
hardly ever by itself, but mixed with millet or cotton. It is

or black. The pide are eaten as cael and the seeds eri an

ingredient in curries. The stems and ote are given to cattle.
Sem (Dolichos Lablab L.).— This is grown in the cold season,

chiefly as a garden crop. It is an vestry climber, and is often

826 NEW RECORDS FOR RUBI IN SOMERSET.

trained so as to form arbours, or to cover the ons and roofs
of houses. Roxburgh describes several varieties. The flowers are
white or purple, and there is one variety with reddish purple pods
(D. pw pureus L.). The pods are eaten as a vegeta
asur or Lentits (Lrvum Lens L.),——This is x0 ‘much
in the district, being chiefly confined to low-lying damp cine SOs
It is a cold season crop. The seeds are eaten as a dal, but are not
considered wholesome ; the flour, however, is said to be the chief
— = the preparation known as Revalenta Arabica
Mar r Frevp Pea (Pisum sativum L.).—Also 0 grown during
the ald nova but to a very small extent in | this district. There
are two distinc t kinds, the one with round white seeds, and the
other with compressed marbled seeds, this latter constituting the
subspecies P. arvense
art or Cimepine Vercu (Lathyrus sativus L.).—This plant,
which is cultivated during the cold season, is chiefly remarkable

other kinds of pulse, and this accounts for its extensive cultivation
on some of the village ma _ the soil is suited to. it. It

IGE
latter name (Arhar) is ba, of av oes known as C. indicus, var.
sari ap is the kind most commonly cultivated about here. It

earli
accompanies juar bine or cotton. It is lar, rely grown in De

and is largely consumed it in the form

Guar or Kuurti (Cyamopsis pataioiaa DC.).—This is a rainy
season crop, and is 7 cultivated in some parts of the district
for its seed, which i — to cattle; a smaller variety is also
grown for the sake of its pods, which are eaten as a vegetable.
The same use is also ine of this plant as a wind- protector as was
mentioned in the case of the pigeon pea

(To be continued. )

NEW RECORDS FOR RUBI IN SOMERSET.
By Rev. R. P. Murray, M.A., F.L.S.

I wisx to place on record the following species of Rubus, which
I have met with during the present season. Many of them are new
to the county; the remainder are new vice-comital records, Un-

SUSSEX PLANTS. 827

found in May iit growing freely in Asham Wo ae SW. if Frome.
This station serves to connect those in Devon and Corn wall with
the more northern localities of the species. The other species sc
been oo Nap ed by Mr. T. R. Archer Briggs, to whose kin
indebted, and who accompanied me in many of a
ne a am
- ftubus fissus Lindl.—New record for both vice-counties.
plicatus W. & N.—New record on ome vice-counties.
R. ajfinis W. & N.—New record in
R. imbricatus Hort.—V.-c. _ — 6 pounce

R. calvatus Blox.—In eine Pe soaiilies, but the name occurs
in a MB. list of plants observed near Cheddar, kindly lent to me by
Mr. J. G. Baker.

fi. adscitus Genev.—V.-c. 5 ; new to Somerset.

R. umbrosus Arrh.—New in —-

R. mucronulatus Bor.—New c. 5.

R. Borreri Bell-Salt.—vV.-c. 6: ae to Somerset.

R. Bloxamii Lees ?—New to v.-c. 5; but some doubt attaches
to the name; it is not quite the Plymouth plant.

R. Hystrizx Weihe.—V.-c. 6; new to Somerset.

R. rosaceus Weihe.—V.-c. 5; new to Somerset.

R. rudis Weihe.—New to — 5.

R. Radula Weihe.—New to v.-c. 5.

R. fusco-ater Weihe.—V.-c. 2 ae to Somerset.

R. diversifolius Lindl.—New to v.-¢. 5.

R. Lejeunii Weihe.—V.-c. 5; new to Somerset.

R. Guntheri Weihe.—V.-c. B; new to Somerset.

R. saxatilis L.—V.-c. 6;-new to Somerset.

I hope to send fuller notes when I have had time to work out
the subject more thoroughly.

SUSSEX PLANTS.
By James W. Wuire.

Tur following notes were made during a recent short visit to
Broadbridge Farm, situate midway between Horsham and the village
of Slinfold. The soil is chiefly clay; cold ti Sony Sera

Malva moschata L.—Frequent in hedgero

Lotus tenuis Kit.— Abundant at and boul the ‘Stonefield’
near Slinfold. The plants are large, each root producing several
decumbent filiform stems about two feet in length, and very much

Potentilla argentea L. — Some very Meeatank plants grow at

828 ON THE FLORA OF SOUTH BEDFORDSHIRE.

the ‘Stonefield’ already mentioned; two had at least a dozen
stems of fifteen to twenty inches from each root. This species had
been also noticed at a former visit in 1878.

Pyrus torminalis .—There are several large trees thirty to
forty feet na in hedgerows and on the ou oe of woodland on
the high ground called ‘Rapkins.’ These trees, though not
flowering at “all this year, in some seasons Siorices abundance of
fruits, which much resemble a small medlar, and are locally

termed ‘‘serbs.’” When ripe they are gathered by oe farm-
labourers, and fastened on sticks after the fashion of onion-strings,
but with a handle at one end; each stick having three or four
pounds of fruit attached to it, and finding a market at the price of
a g or fifteenpence

Torilis infesta L. Frequent i in Sone:

Galium tricorne With.—Also freque

_ Valerianelia dentata Poll.—Some oat- Milas were thickly ae are

ar appea:

Achillea Pies ica L. —Sparingly in the meadows.

Euphorbia platyphylla L.—Among oan in small quantity.

Gastridium lendigerum G —I saw this among wheat in
several places; one field was almost fall of it, scarcely any other
weed being present. I have never met with this grass as a weed
of cultivation elsewhere.

Polystichum aculeatum Roth Sins and plentiful. The only
fern souined on the farm besides bracken

ON THE FLORA OF SOUTH BEDFORDSHIRE.
By James Saunvers.
(Concluded from p. 312).
om seo demersum L.—Local. Luton Hoo Lake, in fruit
88:

Parietaria diffusa pra Tipe Ampthill Church-yard.
Urtica dioica L.; U. u
aa Lupulus L. cahehdunt near Limbury, Biscot and

ea montana Sm. Quercus pedunculata Ehrh.
Fagus sylvatica L.—Abundant over the chalk area, but often

lante
Cory ylus Avellana L.
arpinus Betulus L.—Not uncommon; some fine trees on Beech

Hill, near Luton, and New Mill End.

Alnus glutinosa L. Betula alba L.

a tremula * —King’s Wood, Flitwick.

aL.—Rare. Near Shillingto
p. canescens aac —Rare. Near Caddington.

ON THE FLORA OF SOUTH BEDFORDSHIRE. 829

Salia fragilis L.; S. viminalis L.

S. purpurea Letoed Limbury, Biscot.

S. triandra L.—Local. New Mill End.

S. cinerea L.; S. Caprea L.; S. alba L.

Typha latifolia L.

Sparganium ramosum Huds. ; S. simplea Huds.
L

Lemna trisulca L.—Loeal. Limbury Ponds.

L. minor L.; L. gibba L.—Local. Luton Hoo.

L. polyrhiza L.—Rare. roe ae

* Potamogeton natans L.—Com
‘od to dene L.—Loeal. Limbury Ane
. crispus L.; P. densus L.—Com

P. pusillus Ty, boal. New Mill End,

P, ae L.—Luton Hoo Lake
i a ucens Li., var. acuminatus.—Occurs in the River Ouse, near

ape et brachystemon Gay.—Local. The sources of the Lea,
Biseot, Luton Hoo Lake.

Triglockin palustre L,

Sagittaria sane? L.—Local. River nt Leighton.

lisma Plantago L., b. lanceolatum.—Flitwi k Marsh.

Butomus peti: i —Rare, by the iver TD New Mill End.

Elodea canadensis Mich.

Orchis pyramidalis L.—Abundant on the chalk hills.

O. ustulata L. — Rare; apparently limited to the lower chalk
at ae

Morio L. — Locally abundant in meadows on clay so
Pepperstoc, Farley, Caddington. At the last-named station gon
flowers vary from a dark purple to a cream-white

annie L.; 0. latifolia L.; O. maculata tie

Gymnadenia conopsea Brown.—Abundant on the chalk hills.

Habenaria viridis Brown.—Locally abundant in moist meadows.
Pepperstock, Farley, Sundon

H. chlorantha Bab.—Abundant in moist woods.

Ophrys apifera Huds.—Erratic on the lower chalk escarpment.
Barton, 1879; Streatley, 1881; Sharpenhoe, 1882. Carefully
searched for in 1880, but could nowhere be found.

. muscifera Hu ds. — Rare, on the es escarpment, but con-
stant in appearance. Streatley and Sun

Spiranthes anitundialis Rich. Y Tamited | ‘ thie chalk escarpment ;
uncertain in appearance. Plentiful in 1879-80 on Pegsdon and
Barton Hills; <n ... in 1881 and 1882; in blossom, 1883.

Listera ovata Bro

Neottia Nidus-avis oe tiek, Uncertain. Daffodil Wood, 1877
Sundon Wood, Dumb Hill’s Wood, 1878.

Epipactis latifolia Auct

Cephalanthera grandiflora Bab.—Rare. Under beech trees by
the N the New Mill End Road, Markham Hills.

a e Potamogetons have been examined by Mr. Arthur Bennett, to whom
the writer’s best thanks are due

830 ON THE FLORA OF SOUTH BEDFORDSHIRE.

Iris fetidissima L.—Local. Houghton Regis, Flitwick West.
I, Pseudacorus L.—Loeally abundant. :
Narcissus Pseudo-narcissus L.— Local. Very abundant in

Wood.

Tamus communis L.

Paris quadrifolia L. — Abundant in copses I both on chalk and
clay soils. Not observed on the arenaceous stra

Polygonatum ee All. — On an island i in the Luton Hoo
Lake. Possibly

Convallaria jal a — limited to aus on the lower green-
sand. Abundant in ay and King’s Woo

(Smilacina bifolia Dest. — Reported many yea
‘¢ Aspley Woods, under fir trees.” Was Retallp et for oth
last heed and this, but rites S )

Ornithogalum umbellatum L, — Occurs plentifully in meadows
south of Luton, and near Linpary. but probably only as a garden
escape.

Scilla nutans Sm.
Allium ursinum L.—Local. Dumb Hill’s Wood, East Hyde.
Luzula pilosa Willd.; L. sylvatica Bich. (local, Aspley) ;
campestris

multiflora Koch, b. congesta.— Local. King’s Wood, Flitwick

Marsh.

: neus conglomeratus L.; J. effusus L.; J. glaucus Sibth.; J.
dosti bre Ehrh.; J. lamprocar. ‘pus Ehrh. ; J. supinus Monch.
(Flitwick Marsh); J. bufonius L.; J. squar rrosus L. (rare, Aspley).

J. obtusiflorus Ehrh.—Lo ot "Har arlington Brick-fields.

Scirpus palustris L.; S. lacustris L.

S. multicaulis Sm. «Woodside, 1 foe

S. setaceus L.—Local. Totternhoe, Bisc

S. sylvaticus L.—Very local. Reaenen i = Flitwick Marsh.

; kaif ‘s

Cares pulicaris L.—Rare. Eve rsholt, Mr. ss apis
C. paniculata L.; C. vulp
‘Limbur

C. stellulata oe Embry in bogs. Flitwick, Heath and Reach.
C. remota L.; C. vulgaris Fries; C. glauca Scop.

C. curta Good.~—Local. Flitwick Marsh. Heath and Reach.

_ C, ovalis Good.—Pepperstock, Flitwick

meee stricta Good.—Rare. By a rill, Markham Hills.

ae ty

C, pallescens Li—Local. King’s Wood. C. pendula Huds.—

C. flava L.—Rare. Bog, Heath and Reach.
C. hirta L.; C. paludosa Good. ; C. riparia Curtis; C. ampul-
lacea Good.
Anthoxanthum odoratum L. Digraphis arundinacea Trin.
halaris canariensis L.— eee as a casual at the Deodori-
zing Works, Luton.

ON THE FLORA OF SOUTH BEDFORDSHIRE. 8381

Alopecurus agrestis L.; A. geniculatus L.; .A. pratensis L.
Phleum pratense hragmites communis Trin
Agrostis Spica- ips: a —Rare. In a field at Streatley.
A. canina L.; A. alba L.; A. vulgaris With
_ Calamagrostis ae Roth. — Rare. In the damp parts of

A. caryophyllea L., A. flexuosa L., and A. precow L. are locally
abundant on sandy soil. Aspley, Fitwick, rig ag: ck.

Avena flavescens L.; A. pubescens L.; A. pratensis L.; A. fatualL.;
A. elatior L.

Feil mollis li.; H. lan

Triodia decumbens Dieind oe Mery local. Abundant on Flitwick
Moor, Pepperstoc

Koeleria cristata Pers.— Abundant on chalk-hills.

Molinia cerulea Mench.—Local. Flitwick Marsh, Aspley Wood.

elica uniflora Retz. Catabrosa aquatica Beauv. Glyceria

Jiuitans Brown; G. aquatica Sm

Scler: pihlows rigida a Link, — Frequent o on on walls.

Poa annua L.; P. pratens fee P. trivialis L.

tis tis
P. compressa L. —Local. Pagpeiatenl, Streatley.
Briza media L. Cynosurus cristatus L. Dactylis glomerata L.
eign Myurus L. prop. — Locally abundant. Aspley Heath
and Rea
I, pita vides Roth.—Loeal. ea Heath, Pepperstock.
F. ovina L.; F. duriuscula L.; 9. elatior L.; F. pratensis Huds.
Bracha ypodium 8 Alpe R. &
Bromus giganteus L.—Local. Totternhoe, Biscot.

; a eatley
B. commutatus Schrad.—Loeal. TP obtenhices Barton
*B. arvensis L., & var. multijlorus.— Not uncommon near Luton.

Lolium perenne L., var. tenue L.—Biscot.

L. italicum Braun.—Is too abundant in waste places and hedge-
rows to be omitted. It is Anaya aes established in the south of
the county, and in N. Her

Hordeum pratense Huds. Scie Near Luton, Sundon, Streatley.

. murinum
Nardus stricta ¥; —Very local. Flitwick Moor, Mr. McLaren.
Pteris aquilina L.

Lomaria Spicant Desv.—Local. Luton Hoo, Flitwick, Aspley.
} ] L.

Scolopendrium vulgare Sm.—Rare. By a rivulet, Toddington.
Aspidium aculeatum Sw.—Local. Flitwick, Brammingham.
Nephrodium Filix-mas Rich.

N. spinulosum Desy.—Local. Aspley Woods.

Polypodium vulgare

ane”

aoa regalis yr — Recorded by Abbot for Aspley Se

The writer has searched many times for it unsuccessfully, an

382 A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS SELAGINELLA,

found it in Little Brickhill Woods, ae ie near the county eo
in July, 1888. An old man, whose habits have rendered hi
familiar with the woodlands of this isseiat from his youth up, says,
‘There is not a plant left on his Grace’s estate.” It is probably
extinct in Beds.
wage vulgatum L. -— Local. Sundon, Bedwell, Cad-
ington

Equisetum arvense L.; E. thea L.; F. limosum L.
E. flwiatile L —Chorlto
imum Li. Rate - Barton Springs.
Chara fragilis Desy.—-Not uncoramon. Ponds, Limbury, Bram-
mingham, Totternhoe, and near Sheep’s Lane. Var. Hedwigtt.—
imb

C. hispida L.—Rather rare. Totternhoe, Limbury.

C. vulgaris Li. (C. fetida Braun.).—Not uncommon. River Lea,
Biscot, and Luton; ponds and ditches, Brammingham, Tottern-

oe, Ridgmount, and near Sheep’s Lane. Var. longibracteata Kutz.
—River Lea, north of Luton.

Tolypella intricata Leonh.— Very rare. In a small pool,
Brammingham. First observed March 4th, 1883. In company
with Mr. H. Groves, it was gathered in fine fruit in May, 1883.

Nitella muer nity Kiitz. — Rare and uncertain. In a water-hole
close by the River Ouse, near Bedford, C. H. Davies and J. 8.,
Oct., 1882. Not observed in the south of the county. Absent
from a bienrt in

g. — One cours plentifully in ponds at Brammingham
and Shida, and in the sources of the River Lea at Biscot.*

A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS SELAGINELLA.
By J. G. Baxer, F.R.S.
(Continued from p. 244),

. S. polycephala, n. sp.—Stems trailing, a foot long, flat
on the back, bisulcate on the face, copiously pinnate, the branches
pig and ws bt compound. Leaves of the lower plane
el es, poche oblique ovate, acute, 1-12th
i 3 m, moderately firm in texture, more
on the upper side of the midrib, rounded and ciliated on
the upper side at the base, and a little imbricated over the branch ;
leaves of the upper plane half as long, fre ae acute, not
cuspidate. Spikes copious, square, 3-1 long, 3 lin. dia
bracts ovate, acute, much imbricated, str vagy keeled.

Ha Mou ntains of Ocana, New Granada, at 5000-6000 feet,
Schlim 498 | ! Holton 82! A near ally of S. substipitata.

* The Characee have been named by Messrs. H. & J. Gini, whose valuable
aid is gratefully acknowledged.

A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS SELAGINELLA. 883

§. susstiprrata Spring Mon. ii. 198; S. straminea Spring. oo

Hise trailing, reaching a foot in length, terete on the back,

angled on the face, forked low down and copiously pinnate, with
b es

ascending, oblique ovate, acute, 1-12th to 1-8th in. long, pale green,
moderately firm in texture, more produced on the upper side of the
midrib, shortly rigidly ciliated and very cordate at its base, much
imbricated over the stem; leaves of the upper plane half as long,
ovate, with a very long cus sp. Spikes copious, 4—} in. long, 4 lin.
iam., 2 eae bracts ovate-cuspidate, strongly keele
. West Indies. Guadeloupe, L’ Herminier ! Husnotd76 ! Porto-
Rico, Sabaneta Dominica, Imray! Martinique, Belanger 381,
86. 8. schizobasis, n. sp.—-Stems trailing, a foot long, flat
on the back, bisulcate on the lane e, copiously pinnate, with short
erecto-patent copiously compound rhomboid branches. Leaves of
the lower plane ascending, close on the branchlets, mele spac
on the main stem, oblong, obtuse, 1-12th to 1-8th in. long, pale
green and thin in texture, nearly Sieitalarak aileehed: to the side
of oo — the base on the upper side not at all imbricated over
it an ciliated ; mighe os we upper plane a third as long,
obliga piles ith a usp. Spikes +-4 in. long, $ Im.
diam., square ; bracts ie eat, strongly keeled.
Hab. Mexico, i in the province of Chiapas, Dr. Ghiesbreght, 605!
A near ally of the Himalayan S. semicordata,

Group. II.—Sroronirerz.

87. §. ravcrom Liebm.; Fourn. Fil. Mex. 148.—Stems quite
trailing, a foot long, angled on the back, bisuleate on the fac ace,
copiously pinnate, with short copiously compound erecto-patent
branches. Leaves of the lower plane earn close or slightly
spaced, ovate-oblong, obtuse, 1-12th to 1-8th in. long, bright

he
uppe
lamina. Spikes }-4 in. long, 2 lin. diam., square; bracts ovate-
lanceolate, very crowded, strongly keeled.
ab. Mexico, at Huitam: a ea and Hacienda de Jova, Liebmann!
88. §. nicaraguensis, n. sp. — Stems trailing, above a foot
long, with a long whip-like ilk flat on the back, bisuleate on the
face, copiously pinnate, with short copiously compound ascending
ower branches. Leaves of the lower plane a ascending, contiguous
on the branchlets, spaced on the main sere ong- -lanceolate,
subacute, 1-12th to 1-8th in. long, pale green, thin in texture,
nearly equilateral, raanags attached and seahisets at the base, not
at all imbricated over the stem ; leaves of the upper plane one-thi rd

ally of ssciahoeds ad snticiedicns

-

ne “beng
a 09,

834 A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS SELAGINELLA.

89. S. Fendleri, n. sp. — Stems sraaling, about a foot on
terete on the back, bisuleate on the face, the root-fibres n
extending to the upper nodes, copiously pinnate, the short eee
patent branches with several short pinnately arranged branchlets.

more produced on the upper side of the midrib, where it is rather
cordate at the base, strongly ciliated and a little imbricated over
the branch; leaves of the upper plane one-third as long, oblique
ovate, with a short cusp. Spikes copious, square, }-} in. long,
lin. diam. — crowded, ovate euspidate, ‘nisi -Keeled.
a, at Chagre es, Fendler 8 =
90. S. na eg n. sp. — Stem railing, 6-9 in. long,
nearly flat on both faces, ake: root fibres sid sabes to the upper
nodes, — pinnate, the branches erecto-patent, the general
outline Saar oom lower branches elongated and copiously
compoun Lea f the lower plane spaced, except towards the
top of rate bamadbdats,. oblique ovate, acute, 1-12th to : i in. long,
coor green and moderately firm in texture, much m roduced
n the upper side of the distinct midrib, the upper =edise “shortly
ciliated towards the base, which is very cordate and much imbri-
cated over the branch; leaves of the upper plane one-half as long,
oblique ovate, with a lo ong cusp. Spikes }-} in. long, 1 lin. diam.,
not sharply square; bracts ovate cuspidate, strongly kee
ms io Janeiro, a 4501! A near ally of S. substipitata.
audorhiza, n. sp. — Stems trailing, above a foot long,
es, a and whip- like at the tip, deeply sulcate on the face,
flat on the back, copioanly pinnately branched, the branches
erecto-patent, the upper ones short, the lower elongated and
copiously compound. Leaves of the lower plane oblong-lanceolate
n the branches,

ascending, nearly equal on both si ides of the distinet midrib,

much ‘atadonted: Spikes copious, ete ofs . lon , + ln
a "ibaa as if lateral; bracts ovate- iesseeohns liongty ‘Keoled;.
b. Surinam, Hostma ann 8! Allied to fauciwm and semi-

92. §. oneissima Baker in Trimen Journ. 1881, 208, — Stems
gt a _leng th of 2 ft. or more, the deltoid branches 6-9 in.
ng, Wi gs. oe e upper and slightly compound lower

branchlets, the uliinbate divisions 2-24 in. long. Leaves of the

lower plane close, des) attached, ovate-oblong, acute, 4 in

he upper
ovate, nearly cone obscurely cuspidate. Spikes terminal on the
branchlets, squa 1-2 in. long, 1 lin. diam.; bracts ovate-
lanceolate, Sate patch, strongly keeled.
Hab. New Granada; Antioquia, 3000 feet, in forests, Kalbreyer
1815!

A SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS SELAGINELLA. | 885

93. Fat Merrenn A. Br. Ind. Sem. Hort. Berol. 1867, App. 1
1871, 9.—Stems slender, mie trailing, distantly pinnate, the
short 3.60 flabellately compound. Leaves of the lower plane
nearly contiguous on the branablate, the upper ascending, the
lower spreading, oblong, obtuse, 4 in, long, bright green, mode-
rately firm in texture, nearly equal- Pete 9 rounded on both sides at
the base, not ciliated, not at all imbricated over the stem; leaves
of the upper plane one-third as long, oblique ovate, acute, not
cuspidate. Spikes square, } lin. diam.; bracts ovate- deltoid,
gradually narrowed to the e point, subentir

Hab. Originally noticed in the Botanis Garden at Leipsic
about 1865. Supposed to be a hybrid between uneinata and
sacs a pa

4, xcURRENS Spring Mon. ii. 214. — Stems trailing, very
slender Ba firm, densely matted, jointed at the nodes, angled on

close on the branches, spreading, oblong-lanceolate, subobtuse,
+ lin. long, bright green, firm in texture, more produced on the
upper side of the midrib, obscurely ciliated, rounded on both sides
e base, pele attached, not imbricated over the stem
Toa of the upper — one-half as long, oblong, acute, nee
imbeented. Spikes ino seen.
Central Sat ‘South Brazil, and Banda Oriental, Fox 125!
Deca wir —— marked in the group by its small close leaves
of firm tex
95. rate eta, n. sp. — hey slender, trailing, intermatted,
jointed at the nodes, about a span long, acutely angled on back

obliquely; leaves of te upper plane one-half as long, oblique
oblong, acute, imbricated. Spikes }-} im. long, square, } lin.
i ts ovate, 8 ora strongly keele
Andes of Ecuador, in woods of the temperate region at
St. Niodlas, Sodiro! A well-marked species
}. §. pistorta Sprin aera . 212. —Stems slender, trailing
or suberect, intermatte md 8-6 in. = ong, obscurely jointed at the
nodes, subterete, copiously pinnate, the short ascending rate
subflabellately compound. leaves of the lower pl oy
the branchlets, deflexed, oblong-lanceolate, acnte, about lin,

ciliated, but not imbricated over the stem; leaves of the upper
plane more than half as lo ong, imbricated, oblong, acute. Spikes
short, square, 4 lin. diam.; bracts ovate, acute, strongly keeled.
Var. major Baker.—More luxuriant, with stouter stems reaching a
foot or more in length and often excurrent at the end, leaves of
lower plane often 1-12th in. long, spreading or rather ascending.

886 NOTES ON SOME PLANTS OF NORTH-EAST CORNWALL.

Hab. Mountains of Central and Southern Brazil. Var. major
(Burchell — 8724! Glaziow 7355!) connects the type with
S. See

ge ae Spring Mon. ii. 209; stoloniferum
cote o Peppigianum Hook & Grev., ex parte. — Stems trailing,
reaching a length of a foot or more, often ences and adie like
at the end, jointed at the nodes, angled on the back and face,
red pinnate, with short copiously compound branches.
Leaves of the lower plane close on the branchlets, rather ascending,
eee -lanceolate, acute, 1-12th to 1-8th in. long, rather rigid in
texture, cer equal-sided, laterally inserted, not imbricated over
the back of the stem, shortly ciliated and more rounded on the
upper side at the base, minutely auricled on the lower. Spikes
1-1 in. long, square, } lin. diam.; bracts ovate, acute, strongly
keeled.
Hab. West Indies: Cuba, Jamaica, San Domingo, Dominica, é&e.

(To be continued.)

NOTES ON SOME PLANTS OF NORTH-EAST CORNWALL.
y T. R. Ancuer Briaas, F.L.S.

Last ae I contributed some notes on the botany of the portion
of Cornwall lying between the town of Bodmin and its north coast
by Portquin and Port Isaac Bays, forming part of the basin of the
Camel or Allan River (Journ. Bot. 1882, pp. 231-238). In the sane
of this year I was enabled to carry on a further investigation of the
same tract whilst on a visit at Lavethan, in the parish of Blislan
from the 18th to the 28rd of that month. The following notes are
the result of observations made during those six days :

nunculus hirsutus Curt.—St. Minver, and between this village
and St. Kew. Stations are named in in my former paper, and the
plant is one of the characteristic species of the i though yet
more frequent in some parts of Cornwall further west.
helidonium majus L.—St. Tudy ; together with Smyrnium and
Humulus Lupulus ; the three doubtless originally ae
Fumaria confusa Jord. omens Bodmin ; St. Min

Brassica Rapa L., ¢. Briggsit ho nd. Cat., ed. 7.—By roadsides
and in waste ee and sometimes in tillage fields a most abundant

weed. In waste ground at Tregenna Hamlet, and among Smet
between it and Blisland Village. eee rendering two plots of
corn yellow, to the exclusion, in at least one, of Sinapis arvensis

also with corn ana among potatoes in ec neroncin between Blisland
Village and Trewardale. In a corn-field between St. Teath Mill
and St. Tudy, uniting with Semon arvensis to make the feld look
more ition ‘than green. As a roadside weed near St. Teath

illage, and near Poleys Bridge, ebwodts St. Tudy and Blisland
Villages, June, 1883. Doubtless it was this ciate that the Rev.

NOTES ON SOME PLANTS OF NORTH-EAST CORNWALL. 837

a hips Jones and Mr, Anderson noticed long ago in a more western
rt of the county, and of which we find the former writing as
follows i in his ‘ Botanical Tour in Devon and pusepina (p. 85) : —

“In the corn-fields about Zennar and St. Ives we discovered a
species of Brassica which answers in very respect to
Brassica campestris. I have observed the same plan t More-

son on the subject. In answer to my letter he says, ‘ My specimens
are not quite competent to ascertain decidedly this rare gee
intend to cultivate it.’ His su udden death prevented m
again from him on the subject. I hope some future bstasiiad will
determine the point.” The cultivated rape has larger and fewer
flowers than this Brassica, and its open ones are more racemosely
arranged.
: Barbarea vulgaris Br.—Helland Bridge; St. Teath; Amble;
t. Min

Cochleari ia danica L.—Between St. Minver and St. Kew

Reseda Luteola L.—Near Amble; St. Minver, and between that
and St. Kew
Silene a anglic a L.—By Camelford Road, near Key Bridge.

Lychnis diurna Sibth.—A plant with white flowers by the Blis-
land and Camelford Road, at Michaelstow, growing close to one
with them of the ordinary colour ; another between rare J and
St. Tudy; and a third between St. sar and St. Min
__ Stellaria media With., d. um —-Bank near Palys Bridge
a quite typical for this beaks ahrodiea having the sp
slightly hai

enon ia. Wimm.—On the common by the Jubilee Rock,
Blisland ; Bodmin Down.

Tamarix anglica Webb.—In two places in hedges near St.
Minver Village; a station given for it in Mr. Keys’s ‘ Chas of
Devon and Cornwall,’ on the authority of Mr. Balkwill.
Ko it has all the appearance of being simply a planted hedgerow

rub; in one of the spots having the common lilac in a hedge
oni to it.

ericum Androsemum L.—Between St. Teath Mill and St.
Pedy « : Tavaiad
dubium Leers.—In one place on a hedge-bank near St. Teath

age.
Geranium Robertianum L., 8. purpureum Bab. Man., ed. 8, p. 74.
—In plenty for a distance of over a quarter of a mile from

belongs to the ices or re the vsieaeiien oO ., ed. 8, an
80 of Lond. Cat., ed. 7. The sepals are hairy, an and some of the
airs are gland-tipped. The plant is rather more pe than

888 NOTES ON SOME PLANTS OF NORTH-EAST CORNWALL.

specimens of a very similar plant from the neighbourhood of
Torq I have found this latter come true from seed. Although
Dr. well describes his var. purpurewm as being glabrous,
$s cata a few short glandular hairs on the sepals, ee in a strip
on the peduncles and pedicels,’”’ the plant, as figure d
8, with the reference K. B, S., 2648, has the leaves vapeaincie as
somewhat hairy generally.

Rhamnus Frangula 11.—Left bank of the Camel between Tre-
seule ae Dunmeer Bridges.

r campestre L.—A few bushes in one place in a hedgerow

Sens St. Teath Mill rae St. Tudy Village.

Trifolium medium Li.—Between Michaelstow and Camelford ;
sees St. Teat
pe ee ridum L.—By the side of a road between Amble and St.

as " filiforme L.—Tregenna, Blisland; Bodmin Down; Michael-
stow
: Vicia tetrasperma Mcench.—Towards tree are Dunmeer.
Prunus insititia L.— Between Amble and St. Minver. The
shrub presumed to be gee with P. 7x oe Weihs e, and an
undoubtedly indigenous one in Devon and Cornwall, seemingly
generally diffused throughout the counties.
P. Cerasus L.—Between Wineford and Camelford; between St.
es the Wadebridge and Camelford Road ; between St. Teath
Tu This is so frequent in hedgerows in Devon and
Seiwa and occurs under such conditions, as to quite entitle it
to a place i in the denizen list.
Agrimonia odorata Mill,—A plant noticed by the tramway in the
Camel Valley near Poleys Bridge.
Alehaiestie vulgaris 1i4—In a waste spot by the Bodmin and
Launceston Road, just before you enter on Bodmin Down. This
— is possibly just — the Camel River basin and within

that of the Fowey; but, as the plant appears to be extremely
scarce in _ — it is a dentable to put its occurrence at the
place on r

5 Se procumbens Sibth. — Quite common. Bodmin; St
Tudy ; St. Kew; St. Teath. Between Blisland and Camelford.

Rubus rhamnifolius W. & N.—Near Blisland, by the road to
Camelford. The Bramble of the Rhamnifolii group mentioned in
the ‘Flora of Plymouth’ under FR. Lindleianus as ‘allied to
Lindleianus”’ is one sé the commonest Rubi in the Camel basin, as
it seems to be throughout Devon and Cornwall. I may here
mention that ; — recently detected it at several spots in the
county of Som
Ri, ORES Se ‘Sm. — Between Wineford and Camelford; St.
Teath.

~ oe Arrh.—Michaelstow. Between Camelford and

R. "Radula Weihe.—Bodmin ; Dunm
R. diversifolius Lindl. — Between Blisland and Camelford ; St.
eath.

NOTES ON SOME PLANTS OF NORTH-EAST CORNWALL. 8389

- R. pyramidalis Bab.--By the tramway in the Camel Valley near
ellan

R. corylifolius Sm.—Between Amble and St. Min

fiosa tomentosa Sm.—— Between Blisland and Cat nelfo rd; St.
ane between Highway and St. Tudy; between Amble and St.
Min

R. woisratehi Sm.—Between Blisland and Camelford. Between
St. Kew and the Wadebridge and Camelford Road ; in one place

with white flowers ; also in this locality another slight variety with
leaves somewhat glaucous np which is very unusual in R

the rarity of R. rubiginosa, with which it was formerly confused,
there is little doubt that this is sie species the historian of the

county, Dr. Borlase, had in view in the following extract :—* It
is suggested that the sweet- vide 4 or eglantine, does not grow
naturally i in Cornwall; but this is a great m istake, as, from expe-

rience, I can aver having plucked this ner oa plant out of the
hedges in the neighbourhood of Mount’s Bay, and transplanted
them into my own garden, where they flower in as great perfection
as anywhere, and may be easily multiplied by seeds, slips, or
cuttings.”—Nat. Hist. Corn., 224, 1758. At the present day
R. micrantha is » be met with in cottage gardens in the county, as
well as 7 ru Ost.

R. canina 5 he lutetiana, between Wineford and Camelford.
e. dual, rebate Denhams Bridge and St. Endellion ; St. Kew
between Amble and St. Minver. g. urbica, between Poh bants
Bridge and St. Eendellion. j. desidarenl, in a hedge as you descend
to Poleys Bridge from St. Tudy. n. andevagensis, a fine robust

Amble towards St. Minver; also this variety in one or two other
spots near St. Minver.

R. leucochroa Desy.—Between Amble and St. Minv

Mespilus germanica L.—For about eight yards in a + tte be-
tween St. Mabyn Village and Denhams Bridge, a spot intermediate
between two of the stations that I patrick recorded (Journ. Bot.
1882, 234); for about ten yards in a hedgerow between St. Tudy
Village and St: Teath Mill, two or three miles from the other
stat:

Cra rat Gate Oayacantha L., b. monogyna.——Two or three bushes of a
slight variety pry remarkably large leaves by the Camelford Road,
near Michaelst

Pyrus tor setsalis Ehrh, -- Further observations confirm the
opinion as to this being a rather common species in the tract.
The following are additional saan :—Hedge between St. Mabyn

and Denhams Bridge; in two spots between St. Kew and the
Wadebri ridge and Camelford Road, and in one between St. Kew and
St. Minver; also between St. Tudy and St. Teath Mill.

P. communis L.— Two very small bushes on a hedge-bank
between St. Kew and St. Minver. In ahedge by Bodmin Down a
large bush grows a little below the Bodmin sia Launceston Road,

840 NOTES ON SOME PLANTS OF NORTH-EAST CORNWALL.

but the spot is just beyond the basin of Camel River and within
that of i a owey
aria Geuth —Between St. Teath and St. Tudy ; near
Makaaeiox Beacon. Whilst ae torminalis increases in frequency
in the warmer portions of cou , P. Aucuparia becomes com-
moner in the colder and elevated 0 ones.
Malus L., a. acerba.— Between St. Tudy and St. Teath
Mill. This is an Po ony indigenous shrub in Cornwall and
evon.

Peplis Portula L.—-On the down by Jubilee Rock, Blisland.

Epilobium lanceolatum 8. & M.—About two dozen plants on the
tramway orp ‘Tresanel and Helland Bridges; also a single
plant near Dunmeer.

FE obscurum eee: —Blisland Village, &c.

Callitriche obtusangula Le Gal.—In two ponds at Amble, near
but additional to the spots in this locality whence I previously
sere it.

is Scop.—Between St. Minver and St. Kew ; between
St. Tadyon Lae St. Teath.

C. pedunculata DC.—In a damp muddy spot by the roadside
between Michaelstow and Camelfor

Ribes rubrum L.—A bush in a wood in the Camel Valley between
Tresarret and Helland Bridges.

Petroselinum sativum Hoffm.—Common on hedge-banks about
St. Minver Village. More diffused than I remember to have seen

y other place

P. segetum oar —Bt. Min

SE, wae ddan L. ie Lavethan Mill, Blisland; with
Humulus Lupu

Herac sre Sphondytian L.— The variety of this with narrow
leaflets occurs at St. Teath.

Cherophyllum Anthelious Lam.—In one spot near St. Minver
Village, with the Geranium purpureum. C. temulum is the common
‘Umbellifer of the tract, as would likewise be the case in many
other parts of Cornwall and in Devon.

Conium maculatum L.—St. Minver

Smyrnium Olusatrum Li. ie egenna | Hamlet, Blisland; St. Tudy ;
St. linvar. and between this village and St. Ke

Galium verum L.—St. Minver. The somewhat local distri-
bution of this species in Cornwall and Devon makes it desirable to
note stations for it. As this peculiarity applies in a measure to
Galiwm Mollugo L. also, it is worth while to add that it abounds in
the Camel Basin, as about aes

Dipsacus sylvestris

Carduus tenuiflorus Curt. rR Minver.

Tanacetum vulgare L.—St. Teath.

Anthemis nobilis l4,—Near Michaelstow Beacon ; between High-
way and St.

Achillea Ptarmica L.—Near Michaelstow Beacon : not noticed
elsewhere in the tract. An abundant plant on some of the very
barren cold clayey lands in Devon and Cornwall, whilst in certain
other parts sparse, or perhaps rare.

NOTES ON SOME PLANTS OF NORTH-EAST CORNWALL. 841

Bidens tripartita L.—Damp waste spot near Amble, St. Kew.

Inula Conyza DC.—Between Highway and St. quays ; St. Min-
ver. * ie sed ‘partial to dry soils and warm situation

ites fragrans Presl.—Bodmin; of course as “ ‘i escape ”’
or panda outcast. St. Teath; by a roadside with Armoracia
rusticana,

Leontodon hispidus L.—In the lawn at Lavethan. A local plant
in Cornwall and Devon.

H et echioides Gaertn.—St. M

um umbellatum L.—Near Trevardale; by the road from
Blisland. to Camelford, near Key Brid,

Menyanthes trifoliata L..— Bog ne ar Wringford, on the right of
the road from St. Tudy to Poleys Bride: with Pedicularis palus-
tris, Anugallis tenella, Potamogeton polygonifolius, Eriophorum angusti-
fotinm, Carex pulicaris, C. panicea, and some other marsh and bog

spec

Bano lvulus arvensis L.—On a bank at Amble a very beautiful
variety mene: flowers of a bright rose-colour, and well worthy of
cultivatio

Sibthor pia europaa Li.—Pendrief, Blisland, in plenty on and
about the damp banks and walls of a lane.

Veronica montana Li.—Between Tresarret and Dunmeer Bridges.

Lycopus ewropeus L.—In the vale close to St. Teath Mill;
eek

entha piperita —_ —By a pond at Amble, close to a road
load to a farm-hous

Salvia Verbenaca L. Ei one spot between St. Minver and St.
Kew; in another between Highway and St. Tu :

Melittis Melissophyllum L.—Between St. Mabyn and Denhams
Bridge. In or about the Camel Valley between Tresarret and
Dunmeer Bridges, but seen only rather sparingly.

Ballota nigra L.—St. Minver, and between it and St. Kew

Lamium album L.--Bodmin ; Dunmeer; Helstone, near Camel-
ford. In the south-west of Headend this is rarely seen away from
villages or houses ; a peculiarity maintained in the tract to which
these notes have reference.

Myosotis repens Don.—Between Blisland and pre po

Anchusa sempervirens L.—Near Michaelstow ; St. Minve

mphytum officinale Li.—In one place between eseret and
Helland Bridges. Quite an uncommon plant Stet some portions
of Devon and Cornwall, get for the inne part appearing as a
probable ‘‘ escape” from former cultiva

Plantago maritima L.—In bare ned spots by the road be-
tween Wineford and Camelford.

Littorella lacustris L.—In pools on the down by the Jubilee
Rock, Blisland.

Pacera sore Koch.—8t. Teath.

Quercus Robur L., ¢. sessiliflora.— Between wae and Dun-
meer Bridges ; bekices St. Teath Mill and St. Tudy.

Betula alba L., b. glutinosa, and ¢. pubescens. Boh these vars.
between Tresarret and Dunmeer Bridges.

842 _ NOTES ON SOME PLANTS OF NORTH-EAST CORNWALL.

Populus tremula L.—In two hedges near St. Tudy Village, whe
it is likely to have been ee. planted ; also a tree betw
that place and en way. In some parts of Devon and Corn widl

e aspen is certainly indigeno

Zannichellia palit L. athe two ponds at Amble, with Cailli-
triche obtusangula.

Orchis maculata L.—A plant of the form with spotless leaves
noticed between Camelford and the hamlet of Helstone

abenar 4 chlorantha Bab. — Blisland, by the fod to Trewar-
dale ; Camel Valley, near Dunmeer. Many plants by the Camel-

I should have expected H. bifolia rather than this specie
Tamus communis L.—Between Blisland and Comelford : near
St. Tudy.
Juncus squarrosus L.—On the down by the J Meee Rock.
Carex vulpina L.—Between Amble and St. Min
C. muricata L.—By the Blisland ty Camelford Beads between
St. Tudy and St. Teath ; St. Minver.
Cc. pt Soren L.—Beacon Hill, Bodmin; Michaelstow.
C. levigata Sm.—Bog near Wring for
C. binervis Sm.—On the down a the Jubilee Rock, Blisland.
. flava L., b. lepidocarpa,—_Near Michaelstow.
C. hirta L.—Amble.
Agrostis setacea Curt. — Beacon Hill, Bodmin; on the down by
the en Rock, Blisland ; tol geagans tow.
. canina L.—Micha elst
Mitéon effusum L. ~Blisland, by the lane leading towards Tre-
ie cake: There seem to be very few Cornish stations recorded for
is
ae precox Li.—On the down by the Jubilee Rock, Blisland.
Bromus asper Murr.— By the road near Cakeval, St. Kew,
where Aspidium caine occurs (Journ. Bot. 1882, 288). Not
noticed staeylich in the tract. This species is often of local
dist: ution.
esha ve L.— Between St. Kew and the Wadebridge and
Gatnaitord Roa
B. cocoa Schrad.—Between Amble and St. Minve
i. mollis L., b. glabrescens. — In a corn-field at Honaue St.
u

aria Spicant Desv. — By the Blisland and Camelford Road.

Ina tai near the Jubilee Rock, Blisland, this is found associated
with the following ferns :— Athyrium Filix-femina, two forms ;
Nephrodium Filix-mas ¢. Borreri, N. dilatatum, N. emulum, and
N. Oreopteris.

sig tte lanceolatum Huds.— Bodmin, on several walls very
near the town; Pendrief, Blisland; between Blisland and Hengar,
by the road to ‘Camelfor

Aspidium angulare Y Willd.--Near the Jubilee Rock, Blisland ;
St. Tudy ; St. Teath ; between Amble and St. Minver.

Nephrodium Filix-mas Rich., ¢. Borreri_-Common. This variety
seems to be frequent throughout Devon and Cornwall.

LOCAL CATALOGUES USED IN PREPARING WATSON’s ‘Top. BOT.’ 848

N. emulum Baker. — Helland; about Camelford; near St.
sae: Mill.
N. Oreopteris Desv.——Helland. In one place between Wineford
and Camelfo rd.
Osmunda regalis LL. — Bog near Wringford, on the right of the
road from St. Tudy to Poleys Bridge.

LOCAL CATALOGUES USED IN PREPARING WATSON’S
‘TOPOGRAPHICAL BOTANY.’
By B. Daypon Jackson, Sec. L.S.

: Rogeettahioa! Botany ’ it has been suggested that an account of

index to the names mentioned. The eS numbers correspond
to the number in pencil on each article

There are extant two interleaved copies of the first edition

of ‘Topographical Botany,’ with considerable additions by the

e ecisely alike as i

entries; one of these is in the Library at Kew, the other is
private property of Mr. J.G. Baker. Besides these, there are cht
quarto volumes, consisting of sheets with the n umbers of each
county and vice-county, three folio volumes lettered ‘ Cybele, Census
of Species,’ and three others styled ‘ saree Topographical Botany.’
These were the scaffolding by means of which Watson pps

worthy a ie boar s. The whole of his papers and catalogues
were loose (for een: paAne ci lifetime, but have been
bound since their tr also mention that a ay

the foundation for his ‘ New Botanist’s
ilst 1am writing it may not be out “of T iss to state that the
date of Hewett Cottrell Watson’s birth was May 9th, 1804, accord-
ing to the tombstone in Thames Ditton Churchyard.
Lettered ‘* Misc. Botan. Lists.” 8vo.
1. Britten’s List of Lincolnshire Plants from White’s History,
Gazetteer and Directory, ed. 8. 1872.

e plants seen by the author are marked.
2. Caldecott Secers opork [1873]. No Botany.

844 LocAL CATALOGUES USED IN PREPARING WATSON’S ‘TOP. BOT.

sesteanres Nat. Hist. Soc., Oct. 17th, 1878.
oes : A few notes on the Flora of Eastbourne, as compared
with ae ‘of South-Western Su urrey. By F. C. 8. Roper.
. Ditto. Oct. 13th, 1874.
Contains: Notes on the Flora a Eastbourne, as compared with
that a8 Kent and West By F. oper
5. 5th Annual Report of Yhe Eastbourne Nat. Hist. Soe.

6. [Prospectus]. Fauna and Flora of Hastings and St. Leonards
and the Neighbourhood. [18

7. Somerset Archeological and Nat. Hist. Soc. Frome, August,
1875.
- — The Flora of the Eastern Border of Somerset. By

r. Par:

8. Wome Naturalists’ Field Club.

The proceedings at the third os ny [1875].

9. Notes on British Gentianacew. By James Britten.

Proof-sheet of article in Journ. Bot. 1872, p. 1

0-12. —e Calendars for May-Sept. [at Plymouth], 1846.

By J. W. N. K [eys].

Forming part of the South natin Literary Chronicle

13. The Botanists’ Guide to the Counties of Aberdeen, Banff,
and Kincardine. By G. Dickie.

Proof-slip of a review.

14. Letter from William Andrews, of Dublin, enclosing the fol-

owing

15. MS. copy of Notes on the ay species of the Saxifrages.
Brit. Assoe., Cambridge, 25th June,

16,27. Localities of British her ‘extracted from the MS.
additions to Mr. Winch’s Copy of Flora Brit. of Smith.

MS atson’s handwriting; the book Pascre which it was
made is in the Library of the Linnean Society. 17 has some

xtracts from Alph. DeCandolle’s ‘Mém. sur la
Géographie des plantes de France, considerées dans ses rapports
avec wi hauteur absolue.
cere given in metres have been reduced to English feet.
20. Piet nga mpeg s ‘Supplementum Flore Lapponice,
Ohristiania,
21. List of as atten ae Bungay, in the County of Suf-
folk. Danl. ‘Stock, 13th May, 1
Watson has added some ee from Stock’s list made in 1851,
of plants found within four miles of Bungay

Lettering ‘‘ Locan Caratogugs. Cuecxep sy H.C. Warson.’* 8vo.

Botanical mem., 1888:—May 15th, Barnstaple to Bristol ;
16th, Birmingham to Manchester ; 18th, Manchester to Keswick ;
19th-21st, Keswick; 22nd, Hills between Derwentwater and Thirl-
mere; 27th, summit of Skiddaw ; 29th, Saddleback ; 31st, SS eee
~ June 4th, Keswick to Whinl atter Turnpike, thence to Grisedale
5th, Lowdore ; 6th, Scawfell Pikes; 10th, Crummock.

LOCAL CATALOGUES USED IN PREPARING WATSON’s ‘Top. Bot.’ 845

22. Plants observed on and near the summit of St. Catherine’s
Down, Isle of Wight. May, 1840.
Twenty-two plants specified.
23. Llangollen, 1832
Fourteen plants in list.
24. Somersetshire. Plants observed in travelling by mail
wae — to Taunton in 1881.
Se Devon.
26. At Tru
27. Penzance Plants of frequent occurrence about there.
; of plants seen about Dalwhinnie Inn, Inverness-shire,
and ‘mountains adjacen
ants seen near Dalnacardoch Inn, Perthshire, in July, 1841.
mr List of plants seen near the inn at Loche gclioad, Aug., 1841.
31. Plants seen near Killin in KA0., 1841, and June, 1832.
82, Plants seen on the north side of Callander in August, 1841.
ae Plants observed on the Castle Rock, at Stirling, Aug., 1841.
. On and near the south side of the Ochills, near Alva,
J ay, 1841. Specimens of all the species seen by myself taken.
. Plants seen on the Pentland Hills, near Swanston. July, 1841.
36. List of — observed about Perth, and Kinnoul on the
opposite side of the
Clova and vicinity in 1882.
Re-marked in 1844.
88. List of Stak noticed about Castleton, in Braemar, 1882,
Re-marked also for 1844. See Catalogue.
39. List of plants observed in the North of Sutherland in
August, 1832.
40. List of plants observed in driving from Thurso to Sandside
Bay, Caithness, July, 1831
1. List of plants seen about Golspie, in Sutherland, Aug., 1832.
42. Plants observed about Kessock and Dingwall, in the east of
Rossshire, in August, 18
48. Plants seen near Inverness in July, 18
44. Sere observed by the road in Uitog from Kingussie to
ae
"Plants seen about Lochiel and Ben Nevis in August, 1882.
is: Plants observed near Dumbarton, 1832.
47. Plants omitted in the list of Killin [No. 81].
48. Miscellaneous notes on localities, &c., 1832.
Contains profiles of moun gro
9. Localities about Llangollen. 1832.
50. List of plants observed a Chatham in September, 1843.
61. L, O., ed. 8. ey,

i

BA. os ode 6. ae ai éleewhere i in Cornwall, 1881 or
18428, H.C. W.
58. L. C., ed. 4. Isle of Wight, Freshwater, August, 1861.
C. W

ici C., ed. 6. Deal and vicinity. [No date].
Be oy, . 1. Middlesex, between Staines sain Twickenham.
[No date}.

846 SHORT NOTES.

56. L. C., ed. 5. Berkshire. (No date].

Bo 3, d. 8. Near Peterboro’, apbiiees side of Nene. [No
date] .

58. ,, ed. 8. Near Peterboro’, Hunts side of Nene.

ag. 4.) eds I. imley, Staffords ire.

60. ,, ed. 8. Near Lincoln town

61. ,, ed. 8. Neighbourhood of Boston, ———

62. ,, ed.8. Thorpe Station, Lincolns hire

68. ,, ed. 8. Grimsby and Clea, Lincoln =

64. ,, ed. 8. Neighbourhood of Louth, Laneolialéee:

65... -.sy:. 60, 4.’ Prestwich.

66 ed. 3. Mattag near town, 1857. West Lan-

caster, 1856.
O67. 42 0.) oe 4. Westmoreland and Kendal.
.2. Shap, 1857 and 1856, and vicinit :
Separate srsdieations for Rossgill, Swindale, Shap ‘Abbeys and
Mardale.
69. L. C., ed. 4. Shap and vicinity, 1856.
pve Shap, extending to Orton, Crosley, - Haweswater.
obs C., ed. * Mardale and hills abov
» @d.1. Species observed in Glen Shee, Perthshire,

4.
L. ed. 1. Glen Clova [and] Rocks of Canlochan Glen,
Castletown, &¢., Braemar, 1844. [With in-
1832].

L. C.
dications of a rp noticed i in
(To be continued.)

SHORT NOTES.

GNAPHALIUM bio1cum In Hants.—I have lately received from the
Rey. William L. W. Eyre, of Swarraton Rectory, Alresford, speci-
ich

yre
menus of Guaphalium divicum, of wh e informs me he has found
a considerable patch in the parish of RY and in a situation

e
another Species to the Flora of Hampshire, prngag those of =

TowNnsE

NECIO viscosus In CamBripeEsHirE ?—In the second edition of
: Tops aphical Botany’ Senecio viscosus is not admitted as a Cam-
bridgeshire plant. At page 225 Mr. Watson writes :—“ The mistake

has been so frequent that I hesitate to enumerate any 0 he
following counties as certain,” 29 then being given amongst many
doubtful records. On turning to Professor Babington’s ‘ Flora o

Cambridgeshire’ the plant in question is found to be inserted
wholly on the trae of the older botanists—in this instance
Ray and Relhan only; and at page 315, Appendix No. ix., it is
included in the list which “ contains the names of those plants

SHORT NOTES. 847

which, although recorded upon good authority as natives of Cam-
bridgeshire, have not been found there for very many years.”

Ray, in his Cat. Pl. Gare 1660, p. 154, gives as localities for his
Senecio hirsutus viscidus major odoratus, ‘‘on the Fen banks
almost in the Isle of Ely’; and again in his deen Pl. Angliz, 1670,
‘on the Fen-banks in the Isle of Ely, plentifully.” In Relhan’s
Flora Cant., ed. 1 (1775), p. 315, the localities given for Senecio
viscosus are ‘‘ Gamlingay, Mepole : Chatteress” ; — in the 8rd ed.

in the 1st edition) as occurring at ‘‘ Hi sph on the Furze Hills.’
In Babington’s ‘ Flora of Cambridgeshire ’ we find the localities i
this latter species are—‘‘1, Furze Hills, Hildersham; 8, Gam
lingay,” both given on his personal authority. aie eight years!
careful search with a view to rediscover Senecio viscosus, I hay
failed to find it on or about the fen banks or other ancient josalifen
given by Ray and Relhan for the Isle of Ely; but Senecio sylvaticus
has occurred eee in the parishes of Mepal, mienatte prin
Benwick, ington, Manca, an arch, in Dist th
Flora of Gain s., and more rarely in Witcham Fen, in a Dhiba 6.
The question naturally arises—Has the one plant died out and ise
replaced by the other in the same cMratete only, or was there an
error in the older records ?—Aurrep Fryer.

UBUS SAXATILIS IN a eciem — My friend, the Rev. Ernest
Ellman, has shown a dried piece of Rubus saxatilis which he
gatherod i in the Fe ‘of the East Lyn, near Brendon, North Devon,
early in June last. He informs = that the plant oceurs there in
fair quantity.—T. R. Arcuer Brice

Kast Cornwauut Piants.—On nae 14th Mr. ky and I were
at Bude, and on Summerleaze Down found over a dozen small
plants of Hrigeron acris, a species which in “Topographical Botany’
(ed. 2) is not reported for East Cornwall. Earlier in the same day
he had found on the other side of the bay about half a dozen patches
of Carduus acaulis, recorded in this J Siena! for 1878, p. 89, by the
Rey. Dr. Hind from ‘‘ Bude,” but not treated as a Cornish plant by
Watson. In the same locali ty were a large number of plants of
Gentiana Amarella, which appears not to have been before met with
anywhere further east in the county than the mesoglea of
"bil (see Keys’ ‘Flora of Devon and Cornwall’). — W. MoyLe

OGER

A Suecrstion.—Will you allow me to suggest that it would be
well for those who record new, “critical,” or rare sp<cies of British
plants in the ‘ Journal of Botany,’ to send confirmatory specimens
to be placed in the National Herbarium at the British Museum ?
The pursuance of this plan would not only afford additional security
against false records, but it would enable those botanists who are
unable or unwishful to avail themselves of Mr. F. A. Lees’ able
censorship to establish, on occasion, their right to priority of record.
I have set aside and will forward to you for the National Herbarium
specimens of such plants as I have recorded in your pages, and on

$48 SHORT NOTES.

the tickets I propose to write, in addition to the usual information,
the names of those botanists who have helped me to determine the
critical species. —Aurrep FRYER.

{Mr. Fryer’s suggestion is an excellent one, and we shall be glad
if our readers will act uponit. The British Herbarium of the Natural
History (British) omen is now very extensive, a circumstance

gely owing, so as more recent accessions are concerned,
to the thoughtful iibocadity of many of our contributors.—Ep.
Journ. Bor.]

Vicra Orosus DC. 1n 8. Devon. — On p. 316 I spoke of Mr.
Husband’s N. Devon station as ‘the only one yet known for that
county.”’ This is an error. In the ‘ Botanical Record Club Report
for 1879’ it is recorded for 5. Devon (from Anstey’s Cove, Torbay)
by Mr. Rossall. Probably it will yet be found elsewhere in both
ootikioe, —W. Moye Rocers

New Surrey Puants. —_The following additions to the iota 2
pee have rbecrinid come under my notice :—Viola lactea Sm.

md, Copthorne. I first observed the withered leaves of this
evokes in November, 1882, and have this year found it in several
places in the neighbourho od. It also occurs on that part of Cop-
thorne Common which is in Sussex, for which county it is the most
northerly record. — Stellaria umbrosa Opitz. Shady banks between
Wootton Hatch and Shalford. Certainly a rare species in the
pete : * know of no station for it but the above, in which it is

m
on the chalk range, occurring also about Leigh, and at Ockley.
The distribution of this genus is but imperfectly worked out as yet.
—Gnaphalium uliginosum, var, pilulare. Roadside between Leigh
and Newdigate. Numerous specimens have been examined by Mr
a

sparingly with the type.—Hypocheris glabra, var. Balbisiit. Fallow
field near Send. Found by Mr. Thomas Howse, growing with
Silene conica. The latter pte RS both perhaps, introduced.—
Potamogeton Zizi M.& K, Hedge Court Mill-pond, near Felbridge.
This species has escaped notice until this year, when, the water
being very low, I found it in abundance. Floating leaves are freely
produced in this pore —Alisma lanceolatum With. Probably widely
- distributed, but not so common as 4. Plantago. I have seen it

at Brockham Bridge, Weybridge, and near Pirbright. ge Geom
fusca Rom. & Sch. Bo og on Thursley Common, near Farnham.
Found last summer by Mr. E. 8. Marshall. I visited the locality

but apparently confined to the bo of in which Mr. Marshall first

observed it. Interesting as an eastward extension of the range of
a purely western plant, and ae best aAdiGion to the county list that
has been made for some year e occurrence of this plant is

suggestive, and a careful precede of the heaths and commons
which cover so large a portion of the. south-western corner of the
county would very ‘probably b be rewarded by the discovery of other
Hants plants.—W. H. Brz

SHORT NOTES. 849

On THE Generic NAMES Dant1a and Provvenzatia.—In Bentham
and Hooker's ‘Genera Plantarum,’ i. 788, there is given, as a
synonym of Ludwigia, ‘‘ Dantia Thou. Gen. Nov. Madag. n. 49,
ex DeC., in ae tamen citato nomine Geant’ ” and, indeed, not

eing a Mase e plant, it could not occur therein. The genus
was originally ‘tablithe d in the ‘‘ Lettres d’un Médécin des Hopitaux
du Roy a un autre Médécin de ses Amis,” of which a copy has been
recently ae for the Library of the Botanical Department of ni
British Museum. It is apparently a very scarce work, and w
published at alos in 1710. There is no author’s name eer
the title-page, but the work was written by Francois Pourfour
du Petit. The first two letters are respectively upon the human
brain and chemistry, the third ‘‘contient une critique sur les trois
espéces de rh ge to 9 des Instituts de Mr. de pO erecta trois
nouveaux genres de Plantes, et quelques nouvelles Espéce The
three genera are Dantia, Prouvenzalia, and Calamus. aabdi
palustris Petit (Ludwigia palustris Ell.) is quoted by Linnzus,
Sp. Plant. ed. i., 1753, vol. i. p. 120, as * Dantia palustria Petit
gen. 49, t. 49’’; DeCandolie. Prod. iii. 61, alters it to ‘‘ Du Petit
Thouars gen. 49, Hooker, in the ‘ Genera Plantarum,’ omits the
“Du Petit,” so that all trace of the connection of the name with
the original paper is lost. The name was given in honour of ‘‘ Mr.
Danti D'Isnard,” whom Linneus subsequently commemorated es

naming the same plant Isnardia. Prowvenzalia palustris was
name given by Petit to the ihstt now known as Calla palustris. —
to commemorate M. de Prouvenza, Physician to the Duchess of

gen. p. 45,” as a synonym of Calla. Adanson (Fam. Nat. ii. 469)
copies this, and in the ‘ Genera Plantarum’ it is quoted by Hooker

if Adanson was the inventor of the name. Calamus, the third
genus, is a syno of Acorus, and is quoted by Linnzeus (Gen.
ed.i. 4) as ‘‘ Calamus Aromaticus Petit gen.’’ It is not

, p. 104)
mentioned in the ‘ Genera Plantarum.’—H. N. Riptey

New British Pranrs. — Two very interesting additions to our
British Flora were announced at the Southport Meeting of the
British Association by the Ashton-under-Lyne Biological Society,
viz., Chara Braunii Gmel., first found by myself and Mr. Armitage
on August 28th, near Ashton-under- Lyne, whilst engaged in working

up the flora of the district ; and also a Caulinia, probably alagnensis
Delile, found by Messrs. Lee cage fesse September Ist, in
the same pe teiey: —Joun WHITEHE

ope to give me Sig and description of these interesting

A ide ts in an early number.—Ep. Journ. Bor.]

British DesMpiez. epee the abtiektion at pp. 290-292 of
the antan on British Desmidiee, I have been informed that Micras-
terias brachyptera was gathered by J. ons Esq. ; and the Arran
gatherings—Cosmarium quadrifarium, Huastrum inerme, and cee
lagenarivides—by Messrs, John and J ames Bisset,—W. Josnva.

350

NOTICES OF BOOKS.

Mr. J. G. Baker, of the Kew Herbarium, is intending to print
this winter a Flora of the English Lake District, and will be glad
to receive oe ican towards it of new localities for the rarer
species, and of local n

We have mans a pista entitled ‘Some Materials for a
Flora of Wrotham and its neighbourhood’ (West Malling, Cham-
berlain), compiled by the Rev. J. W. ma The limits of the

' localities are given. The catalogue seems he e on the whole
carefully compiled,—although we note one or two improbabilities,
such as Viola lutea,—and is a useful ation. to our Kentish lists.
To Linum catharticum i is edits a note which we do not remember
having met with elsewhere—‘‘ A few stalks of this chewed when
tired form an Eadie juish: -me-up’.

We are sorry to learn that the financial position of the Botanical
Record Club is far from satisfactory, a considerable amount being
due to the sprees urer. This is in great measure due to the small
sale of the second edition of the ‘London Catalogue of British
Mosses’; a we draw ee to the circumstance in the hope
of increasingeits circulatio

last part (xci.) the ‘ Flora ober contains Dr.
Urban’s monograph of the Brazilian Turn

Tue June number of ‘ Timebri,’ noe Sas of the Royal
ferarite and “epee Society of British Guiana, contains a
paper by Mr. G. 8S. Jenman on the India-rubber and Gutta-percha
trees of that ie n.

C. Man sn ‘Des Algues Utiles’ (Paris, Doin: 8vo, pp- 88). —
a apie : :

A r n U
es 8vo, pp. 114). — F. Ardisone, ‘ Phycologia Mediterranea’ :

, Floridee (Varese, Malnati: ee PP. x., 516). — P. Duchartre,
‘ ‘ hléments de Botanique’ (ed. 8, pt.1., pp. 560: Paris, Bailliére).—
C. Luerssen, ‘Die P SL rpreee der Pharma ak germanice, oepns:
Haessel). — T. Twining, ‘ The sve Hot Ai oe : 6d.).—

Borzi, ‘ Studi Rigologicn’ (Ato, fase. i., pp. V. é ix: Messina,
Capra).—R. Hess, ‘Die Hig ihachatien und de forsliche V Verhalten
der Be ae in- Dantechlarid vorkommenden Holz ’ (8vo0,

,», 164: Berlin, Parey). — P. Kumener, ‘ Der raise in die

ARTICLES IN JOURNALS. 851

Flechtenkunde’ (8vo, pp. 187, tt.3: Berlin, Springer).—J. Wiesner,
Elemente der Organographie, stematik, und Biologie der Pflan-
zen’ (8vo, pp. xii., 449: Berlin, Holder, 1884).

ARTICLES IN JOURNALS.—OCTOBER.

merican Naturalist.—- EK. J. Hill, ‘ Means of Plant rion paar
(conta) ——L. P. Gratacap, ‘ Growth of oe in acid solution

Botanisches Centralblatt (No. 89). — J. E. Weiss, ‘ Das mie
stiindige Gefissbiindelsystem einigér Dikotpedonen in seiner
Beziehung zu den Blattspuren’ (1 plate). — Sahel 0). ‘ Poly-
morphismus von Pleospora herbarum Tul.’ — (Nos. 41-48). C.
Miler, ‘ Musci Tschuctschici’ (many new species).

Botanische — (Sept. 28; Oct. 5, 12, 19).—O. War-
burg, ‘Ueber Bau und Entwiokelung des Holzes von cane
heterophyllus’ (1 ee Oct. 19). uchun
ter nae ilps des Lichtes auf die j ON RE ca eet

er

Soc, Bot. France (xxix., 5,6: Sept.). — M. Battandier,
‘ tee ition a la Flore d’Alger’ (concl.). as Heckel, sr pel
Monstruosités Végétales’ (1 plate).—P. Van Tieghem & L. Grignard,
e Mecanisme de la Chute des rae —P. Van Tie ieghem,

: Developpement des Chatomium.’ — C. Richon, ‘ Nouveau parasite
du Blé.’—P. uchartre ‘ L’influence de is lumiére sur la matura-

tion du Raisin.’ — —. ” Bou lu, ‘Découverte d’une baie des
Linaria striata et pec ptl (3. ambigua Boullu). — G. Rouy, ‘ Her- ©
borisations 4 Lus la Croix-haute (Dréme) et a Peyruis (Basses-

pes)’ (Rosa des sae Rouy, &. ge Bret um Rouy). — G. Bonnier,
: das pe chez le Daucus Carota
Bull. Torrey Bot. Club (Aug.). — Ll gy L. Scribner, ‘ Notes on
Spartina’ (1 plate). — HE. L. Greene, ‘New Western Composite’
( Brickellia Uadeoeiasts Beria carnosa, Lagophylla congesta, Senecio
Clevelandi, S. Laynee, S. Actinella, 8. arizonicus, Microseris acumi-
nata, spp. nn.). — J. B. Ellis & B. M. Everhart, ‘ New Species of
Fungi.’—S. B. Buckley, ‘ New Texan planta” (Zanthoxylum texanum,
Bumelia texana, B. monticola, fot us Vaseyana, spp. nn.).— E. J.
Hill, - - Potamogetons i in W. York.’
Flora (Sept. 11 & rs bie os — F. Pax, ‘ Flora des Rehhorns

bei Schatzlar.’ — (Sept. 21). F. Kérnicke, ‘Die Gattung Lor-
deum L. in Bez zug a ihre Klappen und auf ihre Stellung zur
Gattung Elymus Li.’—(Oct.1&11). P. Kriiger, ‘ Die oberirdischen

Vegeta compen, ee der | in ihren Beziehungen zu Clima und
—. (2 plates). apes H.G. Reichenbach, ‘ Die Orchideen
rnb,’

Herbar atin OF hog es aun, ‘ Rosa resinosa Ste
Garden ae 2) — Clady Pri amurensis (fig.).— Phalaenopsis
ct.). — FS ee ). Escallonia Sellowiana (fig.). —

Androsace hie (ie. pic

_. Gardeners’ Chronicle oy 29). — W. B. a —
of Australia.’ — Mavillaria varicosa Rehb, sp. n, — F. OQ,

852 ARTICLES IN JOURNALS.

Lehmann, ‘ Odontoglossum~crispum, var. Lehmanni Rehb. f.’ —

Gentiana ornata (fig. 60). — Corynocarpus levigatus (fig. 61).—
M. Foste eg: on Irises’ (concl.).—(Oct. 6). Lelia W yattiana
chb, f., v. hybr. nat.’ —- Vanda Sanderiana (figs. 67, 68). —

(Oct. 13). pines. Lawrencie Rehb. f., n. sp. — W. B. Hem sley,
‘Seed-vessels of Australian trees.’ — H. G. Reichenbach, Vanda
Sanderiana and astral racemosa. — M. C. Coo ‘ Woolhope
Fungus Foray.’ —— (Oct. 20). ‘A new hybrid Hed eee — Pyrus
Beenie (fig. 78). — Dendrobium polycarpum Rehb. f —-
randya erubescens (fig. 81). gt ct. 27). Dammara australis

(fig. 86). — Pentstemon labrosus (fig. 9

Sey of Quekett Microscopical ae —M. CU. Cooke, ‘Biological
Analog

ee sacar — J. KE. Bagnall, ‘ Flora of Warwickshire’
(contd. : Gentianee—Scrophularinee).

scree — J. Cash, ‘ William Wilson’s Stee in Ireland and
Scotland.’—W. Fowler, ‘ Lincolnshire Plant

Nuov. : . Ital, — A. P. Append al fe sh di
una bibliografia algologica Ttaliana’ del ‘Prof, f. Cesati.’—H. Christ &
L. Caldesi, ‘ Bellevalia Webbiana Parl.’ — A. Goiran, ‘ Nuova spon

di a : Saat Paleogene: Goiran n). — L. Nicotra,

note Bot. Zeitschrift. ov Glakonsky, ‘Ueber einige Stipen.’
— H. Sabransky, ‘ Urtica radicans Bolla.’ — D. Hire, ‘ Aus dem
croatischen Litorale.’—P. G, Strobl, ‘ Flora des Etna’ ‘(eontd. ).

Proc. Linn. Soc. N. 8. Wales (June 19).—J. E. Tenison- Woods,
‘Coal-flora of Australia’ (11 plates).— B. Scortechini, ‘ Contri-
butions to Flora of Queensland.’ — C. Kalchbrenner, ‘ Two New
rho adie (atts seg Kalchb., Pawillus hirtulus F. Muell.) —
(July 1 EK. Haviland, Sydney Plants.—B. Scortechini, ‘ Plants
new to z Queensland.’

M; cologique. — ©, agen wae oe ‘Fungi Gallici ae
cent. XXvil. ’ (Trametes tristis, sp. n.).—Id., ‘ Champignons nouve
ou rares’ (Hlammula Sarrazini, sp. ae hd 2. cascade;
‘Reliquie Libertiane,’ Ser. iii. (8 plates: many new species). —

—. Feuilleaubois, ‘Remarques sur le développement du Phallus
impudicus.’ — EK. Schulzer von Sieaha ‘ Polyporus Sarrazini,
n. sp.’

imap Neer. —C. H. Sie ‘ Kentish Orchids.’
cience- — G. Mas ‘A — about Fungi.’ — W.

West rToenical “Rambles fear: Bradf

Scottish Naturaiist. — ‘ Hints on ectbe of a Herbarium.’—

. Durie, ‘ Plant-Names.’ — W. J. Fortescue, ‘ Flowering Plants
and Ferns of ee: aged a “Stir ton, ‘Notes on Usnea’
(many new species).—J. W. H. Trail, ian in the Uredines.’
—J. oi sg ‘ Mycologia Scotion” (contd.).

4

353

ON NAJAS MARINA L. AS A BRITISH PLANT.
By Artruur Benvert, F.L.S.
(Puate 241.)

Txosr who have followed the progress of British Botany during
the last two or three years cannot fail to have been struck with the
special attention which has been given to water-plants, and to the
interesting results which have rewarded the investigations of the |
Messrs. Groves into the British Characee, as well as those to which
I have been able to bring into notice in the Naiadacee. That this
source of interest is not yet Cechanaited's is evident from the note at
p- 849 of this Journal, rosgeing the discovery of another Chara
and Naias new to.Britain. Only a short time before, I had the
pleasure of recording (p. — ~ Bros sy in England of the
subject of the present paper. It occurred in one place at Hickling
Broad, East Norfolk; in pid ifinstity, and elsewhere rarely, for

about the length of a mile. With it were growing riser
pectinatus, Chara stelligera, C. polyacantha, C. hispida, far
the greater portion of the bottom of Hickling Broad is sawdeel by a
dense growth of Chara aspera, and I think it must be this plant—
which grows literally by the acre !—to which Mr. T. eres refers

Lubbock’s ‘Fauna of Norfolk,’ ed. 2, Lubbock
speaks of t r at cklin . lone and
abounding with a particular weed, Pochard Grass as it is called,”’
on which the Pochard Duck is accustomed to ; outh-

well adds, “I cannot discover to what plant this name was a
probably it was given to some genes of Potamogeton.” The Najas
since has been collected by . Groves, and Messrs. B. King
and Druce. The Slowing iiaraeaty of the species may be
useful :-—

Nagas eae L. Sp., ed. i., p. 1015; ed. ii., p. 1441 (excluding

varieties); Nyman, Consp. Flor. Europ., p. 685; Hartman, Handb.

Skand. FI. (1879), 408 ; TTI Fl. Brandenb. (1864), p. 669.
j Fl. Pedem ;

. 510.

N. intermedia Wolfg., in Hich. Nat. Skizz., . “ah

N. muricata Thuill.! ee Delile), Fl. Par., p. 509.

Figures iio Danica, t. 2121; Vet erent Hand., 1837 (38),
t. 8, p. 241; Linnea, ix. (1834), t. 1(2), x. [ogee 1 (fd).

Structure, &e.:—Jahrb. fir Wissensch. or t. 7,
fig. 11-18; Magnus, Beitr. Kenntn. atin, Berlin. “(187 0).

Journal or Borany.—Vou. 21. [Decemper, 18838.] 2a.

854 ON NAJAS MARINA L. AS A BRITISH PLANT.

Distribution:—Evrore. Norway!, Denmark, Sweden!, Slesv.-
Holstein!, Belgium!, Holland, France!, Spain, Germany!, Switzer-
land!, Italy!, Hungary!, cess Transsylvania! and adjoining
states, N. Russia!, Lithuan

Asta, Siberia!, Afghanistan ant Arabia!, Caucasus!.

AFRICA. (Bourbo on!, same sp

cope N.. United St ates! ee. Florida}, W. Indies!.

Exxsiccata :—Fries, ey Nov. iv., 84!; Hansen, oe Slesv.-
Holstein, 948!; Wirtgen, Herb. pl. sel, Rhen., ed. 2, 523!; Herb.
pl. crit., 247!; Reich., Fl. Germ., 560!, 1102! ; See or Gall,
et Germ., 2383!; Bee, Fi. Ingrica. Cat., x.!; Curtis, N-
American Plants, 2705!

Plant entirely submerged. — ane long, from the base

and lower nodes. oe m 3 in. in British specimens
(simple small sample) beteibhines, ‘from the base, wit
cele. tae yasad: § eth. Leaves opposite, linear, 4 in. to
2 in. long, Pepe REO fe ucron ; the apex, when fresh,
aths entire. wers dicecious, axillary, solitary,
war dca in the Define ia of the leaves. Female flowers
2-3 stigmas. jue flowers oblong, cr the anthers enloes
ss a thin sac, 2-8-toothed, and bursting irregularly a

Fruit } in. sone ovate- oo a purplish when fresh, pe to a
reddish Lad
The species is somewhat vareblé: | the marine forms having less |
dentate oe nd longer eneine In Sir J. E. Smith’s Her-
barium at the tae Society is a specimen eae “Tsle de
Bourbon, H. L. fil.”; this I have little doubt is the same as one in
the Kew Herbarium named ‘ N,. aap rina Commerson ; in Bor-
bonia, Commerson,” and is probably

N. intermedia Wolfga ang comes in habit F atou half-way between
N. marina and N. minor All. (Caulinia fragilis W. ), but is referable
to N. marina. illier’ cimens in Herb. Mus. Brit., named
by himself, seem only local states of the plant.. N. minor, from its
European distribution, may be found in Britain, as it occurs in
Germany, Holland, Belgium, a France, but is wanting in the
Scandinavian countries, except and.

The plate gives the impression oe a plant somewhat more robust
than usual; but our British plant is much stouter than any others
I have seen; and herbarium specimens lose much of their bulk in
drying. The one drawn was quite as stout as the figure when fres
and floating in a white shallow dish—too great depth of water
magnifies plants.

EXPLANATION oF Prate 241—1, Specimen of whole plant from Hickling
Broad, Norfolk. 2, Male flower, a 3, Male gen” natural size.
4, Portion of leaf, magnified. 5, Female flower, magnified. 6, Female flower,
natural size. 7, Young plant (copied from EL Danica, 2121).

355

SPICILEGIA FLORA SINENSIS: DIAGNOSES OF NEW,
AND HABITATS OF RARE OR HITHERTO UN-
RECORDED, CHINESE PLANTS.—VIII.

By H. F. Hance, Ph.D., Memb. Acad. Nat. Cur., &e., &e.
(Concluded from p. 312).

"66. Strobilanthes (Goxprussta) dimorphotrichus, sp. n
— ~ Caulibus syhoret hispidulis, foliis elliptico-lanceolatis ial
cuneatim attenuatis apice acuminatis anguste calloso-serratis
._ supra ee pilis minutis albis appressis oculo armato
tantum perspiciendis dense obsitis aliisque majoribus 2-3 articulatis
seen terminali angustato rarius conspersis subtus pallentibus
preter costam strigillosam glabris Pee ae altero 2 poll. petiolo

parce pilosula, —— —— faucem posticis mediam corollam
attingentibus, stylo vix
Lien- ate in S atvals umida ad Fuk-shan-man, 800

m, p. eng d. 25 Oct. 1881, coll. rev. B. C. Henry. (Herb.
propr. n, 22110.)

67. Sphenodesma eT Gehades, — i ce pagum Ta-mau-
tin, in jariedintions indigenarum ins. an, Lai dictorum,
- copiose super Bambusas noni a d. it pa 1882, legit rev.

B.C. Hitherto found, I believe, only in Eastern Bengal
and —— Mr. Henry ‘describes the flowers as white and
fra

68. Placieenibii a Gerardianus Benth.—Ad rupes umbratas
faucium Yeung-tai, secus fl. Lien-chau, 290 m. p. a Cantone, d. 12
Oct. Se leg rev, B. C. Henry. Only hitherto known from the
moun India. The —— agree entirely with Kashmir
ones collected by Dr. Thom

6 = apy ieierlia “Wight. — Juxta oppidum Hoi-hau,

8. Hai-n 1879, coll. am. T. L. Bullock. Agrees well with
Wate pe and lade (Ic. pl. Ind. or. iv. t. 1444).
0. Polygonum ( chee nia L.—Ad Ha-mi, Turkestanie
chin., Maio — oll. Ser
71.

shan, prov. ' Genkort sis, a: 22 1 82, leg. rev. E.
Found in the Kiu-Kiang hill . Vv. Moellendorf, but nok

degrees further sou

72. Rheum? uninerve Maxim.—In Ko-ko-nor, a. 1881, coll. W.
Mesny. The solitary specimen agrees very well with Maximowiez’ s
brief diagnosis (Mél. biol. Acad. se. St. Pétersb, x. 685).

78. Machilus rimosa Bl. — In ins. Formosa, juxta Tam-sui,

856 SPICILEGIA FLOR SINENSIS.

ineunte Januar. 1882, florentem invenit T. Watters. Fine speci-

mens, showing well the beautifully velvety bud- scales. Mr. Watters

says the Chinese in Formosa call it ‘‘ mountain tea.”

43. 74. Litsea (Cancdikeentsy oth _ ata, sp. nov. — Arborea,

ramis dichotomis, ramulis tetragonis dense ferrugineo-hirsutis
mum glabratis, foliis 4-5 Seelicillatis subsessilibus lanceolatis v.

lanceolato-oblongis basi obtusis apice sensim acuminatis supra

seals 5-7 Feet extus cano-sericeo, " perianthii tu
oso segmentis 6 plane evolutis tenuibus lanceolatis al
secus lineam medianam villosis, staminibus 9 exsertis filamentis

pilosis
Ad pagum Yiin-ha-tin, p-. a Cantone, ene
versus, d. 17 Nov. 1881, ae rev. ee (C. Henry. (Herb. propr. n
22051.
a Ble @agnus orientalis I, — In n_paradiso regio, Ha-mi, Tur-
kest chin., Maio 1881, leg. W. Mesny.
4 76. ior anthus (Crcutanravs) mobotiieoiden sp. nov.

Ramulis deeds cinereis glabris novellis cum inflorescentia fois
pilis ramosis fulvis dense tectis, foliis tenuibus suboppositis confertis
eximie obovatis mi rotundatis basi cuneatis eee pilis fulvis
stellatis obsessis 8 lin. longis 44 lin. latis petiolo 13 lineali,
peduneulis axillaribus biol Reieatibn bracteis spathulatis calyci
equilongis stipatis, floribus brevissime pedicellatis, calycis

on ee a tubo gracili et sensim paulo ampliato 10 lin.
longo lobis 4 cochleariformibus intus glabris 8-4 lin. longis,
genitalibus corollam adequantibus

In arboribus ad muros _oppi Lam-ko, ins. Hai-nan, m.
Octobri “1882, leg. rev. B. C. H Herb. propr. n. 22169.)

handsome species, with he. aspect of the Ceylon Notothixos
floccosus Oliv.

77. Balanophora ge Forst. — In jugo Lo-fau-shan, prov.
Cantonensis, m. Sept. 1882, leg. rev. E. Faber

alanophora indica Wall.—Cum precedenti Hae dpe
of these two patie having been dried without pressure, and non
preserved in alcohol, I have not been able sebactecer to sa
the floral structure, but the first is certainly bisexual, and agrees
entirely in aspect with a New Caledonian me oe (Vieillard n.
1122). The second is also, I think, referable to Wallich’s species,
of which, however, I have seen no authentic Wocmnan, ¢ though I
have carefully consulted Sir J. Hooker’s beautiful memoirs (Trans.

inn. Soc. xxii. 1, sqq., , 8qq-)-

79. Pilea bracteosa Wedd. ? — In ins. Formosa, juxta Tam-sui,
Feb. 1882, leg. T. Watters. Apparently identical with the Khasia
plant, with which it agrees in its scarious ovate acuminate stipules.

80. ge sp. nov.?-—~ Ad rupes umbratas faucium
Yeung-tin, s fi. Lie n-chau, 290 m. p. a Cantone, d. 12 Oct.
1881, leg. ae “B. C. Bent. Very close to E. surculosum Wight!

SPICILEGIA FLORE SINENSIS. 357

and perhaps only a variety, but the upper leaves are whee more
oblique, quite destitute of the long acumen of tha
uzolsia ovalis Miq.—Secus fl. West River, a. Canton-
ensis, satin Mo-lam, d. 25 Maii 1882, leg. C. Ford. A native of
the mountainous regions of India and the Malayan Archipelago,
not heretofore recorded from China.
\3\ 82. Myrica (Morriita) adenophora, sp. nov. — Dioica?,
ramulis teretibus novellis dense breviter crispulo-tome ntosis
glandulisque aureis conspersis, adultis glabris, foliis a
coriaceis obovatis margine revolutis pecosedie integerrimis v.

simplicibus solitariis densifloris folio triplo brevioribus, floribus
bractea ovata ciliata dorso dense aureo- glandulosa fultis, staminibus
6 bracteolis bracte consimilibus interstinctis

In dicione Ting-on, ins. Hai-nan, m. Nov. 1882, leg. rev. B. C.
saw (Herb. propr. n. 22159.
very neat shrub, apparently nearer M. rubra §. & Z.!
Sy sane of the Indian or Malayan species. I have not seen settle
ower

Fd

rydium Beccarii Parl.? —In jurisdictione Hung-mo
territorii pa est Lai dictorum, ins. Hai-nan, d. 21 Nov. 1882,
invenit rey. B. C. — The specimens are sterile, but such as
they are, they agree perfectly with are s diagnosis of the
' Species, hitherto aly recorded from Borneo. Mr. Henry found it
about casa = ai but adds that very large trees are said to grow
in the m
325 8 84. Podocarpu us ee argotenia,

usculis basi su ubtortis em all eeouinirohaGe vallide viridibus —
lucidis su ees prominente subtus suleato stomatibus

including the nerve, make the under surface of the leaf longitudi-
nally 5-banded. It is evidently nearly allied to P. macrophylla Don,
and P. chinensis Wall., which, notwithstanding aximowicz’s
opinion (Mél. biol. Acad. St. Pétersb. vi. 562 Eee ‘venture still to
regard as distinct au I may add that Mr. C. Ford has found the
latter unquestionab y wild amongst steep rocks on Victoria Peak,
Hongkong, so that it is not a ‘‘varietas in hortis exorta”), and is
in Pines rather more like the acchipalagio P. polystachya R. Br.

858 SPICILEGIA FLOR SINENSIS.

n. 50). Calyce tenuissimo spathaceo, ener og eae
impari paulo latiore atro-sanguineis albido- 8 labro
flaventi lobis 2 lateralibus parvis ovatis auc ag ene viuiiate
hispidulis, sje floriferis anguste ellipsoideis 4- 5 poll. longis scapo
brevi squam ultis, bracteis viridibus ovatis, pce auric
conspicuis obt sae When the fruit is ripening, the green bracts
become of a brilliant coral-red colour.

. Phrynium capitatum Willd. -—- Ad Fuk-wing, prov. Canton-
~ ensis, ‘olim leg. b. R. Krone; secus fi. West River, m. Junio 1882,
coll. operarius horti Hongkongen

ris ensata Thunb. — In “plinidie circa i |e ae Tur-
kestanie chin., Maio 1881, sige invenit W. Mes

88. Fritillaria verticillata Willd,, 8. engi i —In
bambuseto collium juxta Mei-chi, ad au wooo s Ta-hu, prov.
Ché-kiang, d. 16 Ps 1881, lege. Forbes — ‘Car

89. Danchie sessile Don. — Cum priesdansi: Only previously
known from Japan.

90. Molineria recurvata Herb. — Juxta pagum Sui-shi, secus fl.
Lien-chau, prov. Cantonensis, 200 m. p. ab urbe, d. 5 Oct. 1881,
leg. rev . Henry.

91. Ophiopogon mene Ker, - communis Maxim.—Juxta Chin-
kiang, prov. Kiang-s ug. 1880, leg. Bullock. Never previously,
I believe, found exe aed in Japan.

92. Paris polyphylla Sm. oe jugo Lo-fau-shan, prov. Canton-
ensis, exeunte Sept. 1882, leg. rev. E. Faber. A native of the
mountainous Sopra of India, but had been already gathered in
the provin of Che-kiang and Kiang-su. Dodecandrous and
Croarpeail. 8. * The ovary is far suleate and with 5-45 ngles, so
that it is star-shaped in a transverse section; the sides are green,
but the conical top, ending in a stout colimn, is of a deep ein
rugose, and crowned by six black recurved adage the gynte

the living plan

93. Hydrilla verticillata, + «. erispa Casp. —— In ae hare chau,
prov. Cantonensis, m. Oct. 1882, leg. rev. R. H.

. Vittaria japonica Mig. —in jugo Lo-fau- as ai Canton-
ensis, sub fine Sept. 1882, coll. rev. HE. Faber. Apparently
referable to this species, but they are all excessively difficult of
discrimination.

95. Gymnogramme serrulata Bl, — In jugo Lo-fau-shan, prov.
Cantonensis, d. 22 Sept. 1882, leg. rev. EH. Faber. A widely
diffused fern, which, though occurring in Japan, had not previously
been detected i in China. I prefer the specific name I have used to
that of javanica, as implying no geographical restriction.

96. Asplenium premorsum Sw. — In jugo Lo-fau-shan, prov.
Cantonensis, m. Sept. 1882, coll. rev. EK. Faber. Unquestionably
eeenble to this Pent of which this is the only Chinese specimen

in my herbar
97. Asplenium siti otides Michx.-—In jugo Lo-fau-shan, prov.
Cantonensis, versus finem m. Septembris 1882, coll. rey. E. Faber.

Quite undistinguishable from the United States plant. I have it

LOBELIA URENS L. IN CORNWALL. 359

also from the New Hebrides, gathered by Capt. Fraser. Known
from Japan, but now, I believe, first recorded from China.

. Aspidium auriculatum Sw. — In jugo Lo-fau-shan, prov.
Cantonensis, d. 22 Sept. 1882, leg. rev. E. Faber. The only
Chinese specimen I have geen of this fern.

Lycopodium serratum Thunb. — In jugo Lo-fau-shan, prov.
Cantonensis, sub fine m. Sept. 1882, coll. rev. H. Faber. Now,
I believe, first recorded from China. Franchet and Savatier,
curiously enough, reduce L. lucidulum Michx. to this (Enum. pl.
japon. ii. 196).

m. Sept. 1882, ra rev. E. Faber. ‘Tdentica 1, if 1 am not mi sane:
wi i i rd.

y not
specific value. The late Dr. Thwaites’ n. 1415, referred ey a as
a variety to L. serratum, seems to me more nearly allied to L.
Selago.

LOBELIA URENS L. IN CORNWALL, WITH NOTES
ON ITS SINGLE DEVON STATION,
By T. R. Arcuer Briees, F.L.§8.

_ Lobelia urens L., hitherto cata to grow in the Uni ted
Kingdom in the county of Devon only, will henceforth have to s
accounted a species of the distal Sous of Cornwall also. To
lady, Miss Woods, a relative of the late well- nowt author of
‘Tourists’ Flora,’ belongs the honour of the discovery of the plant
in the additional county, though the interesting fact of its occur-
rence here would not have been made known to botanists generally
had it not been for the ital and energy of the Rev. R. P. Murray,
who recently wrote me of his having been shown a coloured sketch of
the plant by Miss J. M. Woods (a cousin of the ee ”
original of which was gathered on September 18th, 1878,
between Lostwithiel and St. Veep: Miss J. M. Woods ba herself
twice seen the Lobelia there, and thought there was a fair quantity.
uriously enough, a little while ates receiving this information
m Mr. Murray, I came across t
article by that able botanist the late Mr. F. M. Webb, entitled
‘Notes upon some Plants in the British Herbarium at the Royal
Botanic Garden, Edinburgh,” published in Trans. R. B. 8. Edin.,
vol. xiii. :—‘‘ Lobelia urens.—Very fine specimens from oe tad
near Axminster, 1849 (C. Murchison) and good ones from Hor
and Ward, ten ee eos Two others are marked Cornw wall—a

860 LOBELIA URENS L. IN CORNWALL.

the peering country. To my great delight I found the Lobelia
in two places, about a couple of miles apart, but both situated
between Lostwithiel and St. Veep. One of these stations is an

ee: though steals rough pasture of about five acres, with

iarten: and pa el es of furze and some heath. ere were dozens
of specimens still in flower, and some of the ee. protected b
the furze, were considerably over a foot high, though ue cas
number were shorter, the least attaining only a few inc The
field probably contains sabe hundreds of roots, for, Ciiouah
cattle had cropped off s of the flower-spikes, they were to be
seen rising up from a ee sacseideaa he extent of surface. I notice
that the flowers ice me of a much prignter blue when dried; when
living they have a somewhat purplish hu
er station is a small enclosure of about an acre,
consisting partly of undrained bog, with Menyanthes, Juncus acuti-.
rus, Molinia, &c. Here it occurs for ten or fifteen yards by
a small bushy ridge near the bog, and also on the damp lower
portion of a hedge-bank; but altogether appears only sparingly.
lt is associated with Aguilegia, Hypericum undulatum, Viola lactea,
Hydrocotyle, Serratula, sf alo viscosa, Salix repens, a few bushes of
Myrica, with brambles, furz
The tract belongs to Wat atson’s vice-county 2 (HK. Cornwall),
being within the basin of the Fowey, both the stations lying on the
left of the river. oe. rocks are folds of the Devonian or Old Red

found -to produce Lobelia urens may be said to lie between the

ot little explored by botanists. These Cornish stations must be,
s the crow flies, about sixty miles from its Devon one near
Aesininsier It will be well to ‘supe a few particulars respecting
this, as two or three Devon stations have erroneously been named
for the plant. A very precise and interesting account of it, as an
Axminster species, is to Be found in a little book entitled ‘ The
Ferns of the Axe and its Tributaries, with an Account of the
flower Lobelia urens,’ by the Rev. Z. I. Rawanda: published in 1862.
Presuming the work is known to but few botanists, I extract the
following particulars concerning the Lobelia at Axminster from its
pages :——‘* As Hudson first described: it in 1778 and ee ge as his
authority Mr. Newberry, it is probable that Mr. Newberry dis-
covered it between 1762”’ (date of ed. 1 of ‘ Flora Fone \ “and
1778. At this time Mr. Newberry lived at Heathstock, in the
parish of Stockland, and as he was a noted herbalist, and ‘had the
reputation of rasa every plant of the neighbourhood, was likely
to notice the flower when j journeying to Axminster.” After speak-
ing of the entice as recorded respectively by Hudson, Polwhele,
Lord Webb Sesinote (in Curtis’s ‘ Fl. Londinensis’), and Withering
eds. 2 and 3), Mr. Edwards adds :—‘‘ Smith (Fl. Brit.) Dn
Kcilmingion Hill (on the aathant of Curtis’s Fl. Londin.), t

A SECOND NEW CHINESE PODOPHYLLUM, 861

miles from Axminster, close os the ie Smith nade in his —
ooks, ‘Near Ottery St. Miss Burgess.’ eeke,
: Botanist’ s Guder.é tells us that k Kilmington Hill and Shute eo
are the same plac ‘‘Mr. Ravenshaw has fallen into the
mistake of shea Shute Common from Kilmington Hill, and
has added two other localities, Seaton and Woodbury Common.
With respect to Seaton, it is too near home to have escaped obser-
vation, if it had been growing there. As to Woodbury Common, it
seems that Mr. Ravenshaw drew his information from the Sup ple-
ment to the ‘ New Botanist’s Guide,’ in which the mistake was ‘rst
made. In that work Mr. Abraham, of Heavitree, near Exeter, is i
quoted as the authority ior that station, who, upon inquiry, has
Dey communicated that this is ‘an erroneous statement.’ It
may be remarked, with pres ne to the flower being found growing
at Ottery St. Mary, that this was not correct. Miss Burgess, of
ttery, was on a visit at Coryton House, Axminster, when she
observed it and made others acquainted with the circumstance.
Hence originated this mistake.’ ..... “In Kilmington Com-
mon it has at — (1862) a range of about a mile in length,
) t som

newly turned- es ground.” Mr. Edwards adds :—‘ A more precise
description of its exact locality will not be given, as some naturalists
are of a very grasping character, and instead of a ot —
ase has occurred where a basketful has been borne away by a
made ances. The Rev. Z. I. Edwards, as Se of amie
pyne, only 44 miles from Axminster, was located in a spot well
situated for tae on the Lobelia urens at its single Devon
statio

A SECOND NEW CHINESE PODOPHYLLUM.
By Henry F. Hance, Ph.D., F.L.S., &e.

i ae of late in various localities of the Canton Sroviae. aod
I ae veral specimens of it alive, but it had not been met with
in flower until my friend the Rev. B. C. Henry athe it in May
last in the Lo-fau-shan Mountains. His specimens arrived in a
very iuapreaioee a condition, owing to the torrential rains to which
he was exposed, but - have been able to draw up, from the exami-
angen of a few dried flowers, a trustworthy diagnosis, closely
modelled on that of the Formosan plant, which I give below.

The difference in the arrangement of the flowers in the four

862 A SECOND NEW CHINESE PODOPHYLLUM.

species is very striking, and would be worth study. Prof. Baillon

s of them as borne “au sommet d’une espéce de hampe,” *
which is, I fear, d misleading. He is an
enthusiastic pupil of Payer’s, the best portion of whose excellent
‘Eléments de botanique’ is, I think, that devoted to inflorescence.
I hope, if Dr. Baillon should chance to see e these remarks, that he

FF ree or P. pleianthum, but the prolongation above the lower
leaf in P. Emodi and P. versipelle must, I think, be regarded as a
satisenintboni of the stem,—or, morphologically speaking, rather
branch, since the rhizome is the true stem—and the petiole of the
upper leaf as arising only just above the insertion of the flower or
flowers. In the new plant the leaves’ vary marvellously in outline

are either with or without lobes. The flowers are only half as
large as in P. pleianthum, and the anthers are twice as long as the
filaments.

ipelle, sp. nov. —Caule squamis 4-5 imbricantibus

glaberrimis supra sublucidis swpiusque maculis saturate v ae

viridibus plus minus distincte pictis subtus pallidis centrice

centrice peltatis nunc orbiculatis v. quadratis 5-7 engnbaties ‘facies

bus inter angulos planis v. a angulis in lobum triangulatum

rahearadal nervis supra impressis subtus leviter tantum promimulis
i subulato: dentionlatis 24-7 poll. diametro

caribus, pedicellis 1 llicaribus apice paulo incrassatis, sep
adpressis ovatis obtusis venosis 3-9 lin. longis 8-4 s interi-

connectivo in apiculum obtusum } linealem producto, ovario ellip-
cco “phere stylo brevi stigmateque magno pmo coronato
nta paulo superante, ovulis indefinitis circ. 4-seriatis.

ti fissuris montium Lo-fau-shan, prov. Canton ciste: juxta

cenobium buddhicum Put-wan-mun, alt. 2000 ped. et ultra, florens

legit rev. B. C. Henry, m. Mai 0 1883 ; in variis prov. locis sterile
‘seenurent cell. Faber et Ford. “(Hae propr. n. 2

e species of the genus at present known ne be conveniently

arranged thus :—

I. Diplostenon.—Stamina petalis duplo numerosiora.

Flores albi, solitarii, inter folia Stee termi-

8. icanum. ‘ . P. peltatum

* Hist. d. pl. iii. 59.

LOCAL CATALOGUES USED IN PREPARING WATSON’S ‘Top. Bot.’ 863

Il. Isostemona.—Stamina petalis numero equalia. Asiatica.
a. albiflorum. Flores solitarii, extra-axillares. P. modi.
f. purpurascentia. Flores aggregati.
a. Flores inter folia oe terminales. P. geen
b. Flores extra-axillares . P. versipelle.

LOCAL CATALOGUES USED IN PREPARING WATSON’S
‘TOPOGRAPHICAL BOTANY.’
By B. Daypon Jackson, Sec. L.S.
(Concluded from p. 346).

Lettering ‘“‘ County Catatocuzs. HEnenanp. Bro K. H.C.
Warson.” 8vo.

74. L. C., me : — by Mr. Britten, phate

75. ucks, by Mr. Britten, 1

6. fe a - cover missing] . [Codified list of Bucks plants,
, compiled from the above (?) and other secagggil

A note, appended, dated October, 1

Me L. C., ed. 6. Cambridge. Prot, C. C. Babington,

ed. 6. Cheshire, 1867. Hon. J. L. Warren.

tai observed by Rev. A. Bloxam near Tabley sam, Aug.
29th, 186

79. Lc. ed. 6. Cheshire. Hon. J. B. L. Warren n, 1878.
“NB. In quoting this Cat. the ‘ MS.’ is substituted for ‘ “Cat, :
which applied to that of 1867.”’

Inserted :—Notes on a projected Cheshire Flora. By J . Lei-

cester Warren.
80. Edinb. C Cornwall, marked by Mr. G. 8. Gibson, 1846.
Not all that he saw a of the common i .
ae L. C., ed. 6. EH. Cornwall, by T. R
ed. 2. List of Trewhiddle (5 eee gor Cornwall
iio 1880. Mr. Pascoe
88. L. C., e 1. West Cornwall, 1871. Jas. Cunnack.

84. ,, ed.6. Cumberland. J. G. Baker. [No date].

85. ,, ed. 2. Bideford, Barnstaple. G. Maw. [No date].

86. ,, ed. 8. Torquay plants, noticed in Sept., 1850, by
g bP SS

Flow
ie L. C., ed. 6. 8. South Devon, by T. R. A. Briggs, 1871.
» ed.2. Plymouth. Checked from Mr. Keys’ ‘ Index.’
The Sree Flore Plymouthiensis,’ by Isaiah W. N. Keys, is
inserted. [18
= L. ce 6. Dorset. 8rd Catalogue, 1867. J.C. Mansel.
ed. 5. Seen in the county of Dorset by J. C. Mansel.
INoa date)
. L. C., ed. 6. Dorset. By Mr. Mansel-Pleydell, Feb., 1878.
* ed. 2. Within five miles of Newcastle-on- Tyne, 7
Sea. 1850.

864 LOCAL CATALOGUES USED IN PREPARING WATSON’S ‘TOP. BOT.’

Inserted :—‘ An enumeration of plants within five miles of New-
castle-on-Tyne.’

98. L. C., ed. 5. County of Durham. Rev. A. M. Norman.
oe :
ed. 2. Kelvedon Plants. E.G. Varenne. [No date].

ed. 1. Bristol, Gloucester, and Somerset. By Mr.

Riewattea, of Bristol. [No date].

*“T have marked some ‘Plants that appear to be introduced, but
not 4 SF D. H [ooker] .”

L. C., ed. 2. Cheltenham. C. Prentice. a ~—
: d.6. Shedfield. F. Townsend. Nov., 187

98. A Catalogue of Flowering Plants and Ferns growing wild
in the Isle of Wight. By A. G. More. [1859].

99. L. C., ed. S. Isle of Wight. A.G. More. 1862.

100. L. C.,ed.1. Isle of Wight. Bromfield. [No date].

101. ,, ed. 6. Newport, Isle of Wight. Fred. Stratton.
[No date].
Contains also references to Denbigh, Devon, Shropshire, and
Somerset, in 1871-72.

102. L. C., ed. 1. Species found near Ross, by W. H. Purchas.
ar 3] :

ten

104. re of Plants in the County of Huntingdon, by Rev.
W. W. Newbould, 1846. oT additions from a second Catalogue,
prepared by W. W.N. inl

105. [Letter from J.G. Bake reporting kdditionts to Kast Kent].

106. L. C., ed. 7. Plants seen in Kent in 1875. By F. M. Webb.

ed. 8. 2nd Huntingdon List, 1852, by Rev. W. W.

9

Lettering ‘‘ County Catatocuzs. Enetanp. L to Y. H.C. Watson.”
107. L. C., ed. 6. 59. South Lancashire. F.M. Webb. [1872].
108. ,, ed. 4. Leicestershire Genl. Cat. Rev. W. H. Cole-

man.

; 109. ,, ed.2. Ashby-de-la-Zouch. Rev. W. H. Coleman.
[1850].
110. ,, ed.2. Twyeross, Leicestershire. Rev. A. pone
111. ,, ed. 5. Within ten miles of Louth. T. W. B
[1858] .
112. ,, ed.5. Harrow, Middlesex. Rev. W. M. Hind.
118. ,, ed. 2. Fakenham. Mr. Notcutt
114. ,, ed. 2. Berwick-on-Tweed (3 miles), Dr. Johnston.
[1850].
115. ,, ed. 2. Alnwick. Mr. Geo. R. Tat
116. ,, ed. 2. Catalogue of plants near Emblet
327. ed. 2. Shrewsbury and Shropshire. alt W. A.
Leighton
118. ,, ed.2. Dunster. Rev. W. - — 1849.
Pi » @d.6. Staffordshire. Dr. F
. 3. Plants within three ne of Stafford. Rev.

ed. 3.
R. c Douglas Qnd copy (1851) amended.
. L. C., ed. 5. Hast Suffolk, 1861. Rev. W. H. Purchas.

LOCAL CATALOGUES USED IN PREPARING WATSON’s ‘Top. BoT.’ 865

122. L. C., ed. 8. Plants growing wild in the parish of
same: Suffolk. Checked from the list printed for Rev. J. S.
ens
oF L. C., ed. 6. West Suffolk. Prof. C. C. Babington.
ed. 6. Suffolk, by Mr. Skepper, per Rev. E. N

Blomaiae
125. ,,. ed.6. Suffolk, by Rev. E.N. Bloomfield. [1875].
126. ,, ed. 5. Surrey. J. Ellis; Rev. E. Wood.
127. ,, ed. 2. Surrey Flora. N.E. Division, F. Naylor.

128. d.2. Catalogue of plants reported to grow in
ager marked by Mr. J. D. Salmon. 1848.
129. L. C., ed. 6. Species observed, July, 1869, in North-west
Sussex, near Shottermill, Lynchmere, and Fe ernhurst, by J.G. Baker.
200. 1s. O., 06, &. List of Henfield and Sussex Plants, 1850.
Mr. Borrer.
fet, ., 60.7. Hast Sussex, «dich. ee
182. ,, ed. 7. West Sussex. J. L. Warr
ioe, ed, bo. Atherstone, sialic fete cate Rev. A.

1 ye le 6. Warwickshire. TT. Kirk. [1862].
135. ed. 2. First division of Wiltshire plants. T. B.
Flower. [185 0}.
136. L. O., ed. 2. Second division of Wiltshire plants. T. B.
Flower. [1850 ts
187. L. C., ed. 2. Third division of Wiltshire plants. T. B.

188... Os od. 6. Rev. T. Preston’s additions to Mr. Flower’s
asso) Lists of N. _— plants. 78.
Li, G., ed. 1

Plants of Wilts. Dr. Southby.
or pore 2. T. Bawee s list of Wilts pants 1849.
Biers: Oa. 2 Richmond. Mr. Ward. 50].
142. ,, ed.1. Yorkshire. Tatham
148. ,, ed.2. Settle. Mr. Tatham.
144. ,, ed. 2. Thirsk Catalogue. Mr. J. G. Baker.
a 64. Mid-west York. Dr. F. A. Lees. 1878.

ed. 6.
146. Letter from Rev. A. Bivens: with list of the rarer plants

seen about Windermere in May, 1878.
147. , ed. 6. 68. South-west York. Dr. F. A. Lees. 1873.

ee Catatogurgs. Wags, Scotnanp. H.C. Watson.”

148. L. C., - 6. Anglesea, by F. Robinson.

149. d. 6. Carnarvon, by F. on

150. . 6. Flint, by F. Robins

151. 48, Merionethshire. MS. list of ‘188 plants observed
between Berwyn and Dolgelley, by Mr. James Britten. 1877.

152. Plants noticed in the immediate se 9b ge te ae Aber-
ystwith, September and bee 1848. B ‘

158. L. ed. 2. 2 Pembrokeshire Plants Seaievea by
er Babington and the B vy. W. W. Newbould in August, 1848.

. L. C., ed..8. Seciheckesheh List, 1851. C.C.Babington.
155. eS Radnorshire. E.H. Jones. 1877,
[WwW ith a few mots by Rev. A. Ley].

866 LocaL CATALOGUES USED IN PREPARING WATSON’S ‘TOP. BOT.’

156. L. C., ed. 5. North Aberdeen, marked by Prof. Dickie.
157. ,, ed. 5. South Aberdeen, marked by Prof. Dickie.
158. ,, ed.6. Ayrshire. Rev. J. P. Duncan.

» ed.6. Buteshire; Arran, Bute, Cumbraes. By R.

hh L. C., ed. 7. Caithness. 1880. D. Nicolso
ed. 6. Caithness. By the late Robert Dick and
Robert Brown, with additions by Chas. W. Peach. 2.
Caithness. 1880. By James ay ant.

» ed.1. Cantire and Isle of Islay. Prof. Balfour.
asd) :

», ed. 2. Town and County of Dumfries. P. Gray.
ed. 2. ge eg West side of, and County of
Kirkeudbright. By Peter Gray.

Sah Localities for Plants near Edinburgh. By Isaac Bayley
(Reprint of three printed sides a ?).
167. HE. C., ed. 2. Edinbro
(Apparently not applied as ietanded).
Elgin. Collectanea for a flora of Moray.
Marked 4 Rev. @. Gordon
9. L. C., ed. 6. Catalogue of Plants of South-mid Fife in a
rains of about A miles round Balmuto. J. Boswell Syme. 1868-9.
. Fifeshire. Marked by Mr. G. Lawson for

2nd vol of Cybele Britannica.
<a in an imperfect copy, wanting pp. 1-4, 18-16.
ods O., od th Counties. I. B. Balfour.
79. » ed. 6, Haddington, Edinburgh, Linlithgow, &c.
By Prof Balfour.
. L. C., ed. 8. Kincardineshire, by J. T. Syme
ed. 4. Within four miles of Brotherton, Kin-

ickson.
. ed. 6. Lanarkshire, by Mr. Hennedy.
176. Nairn. Collectanea for a Flora of Moray.
Marked for this county by Wm. Alex. ae
177. L. C., ed. 8. Ochillshire, by J. T. Sym
178. ed. 2. Orkney plants i in a fakibe bought from Mr.
Pamplin, and believed from the evidence of labels, &c., to have
belonged to Dr. Gillies.
179. ed. 6. Seen by Miss Worsley and Miss Cerf, St.
Fillans, Perthshire, July, August, and September, 1872.
Inserted :—Flora of Peebleshire. 6th July, 1880.
ed. 6. Renfrewshire, by Mr. R. Hennedy.
16h. 5 " ed. 7. List of Stirlingshire Plants. z. Fr. D [uthie] .
1875.
Lettering ‘‘Ex Bist. H.C. Watson. MS. Fuoras.” 4to.
182, List of plants collected in or near Renfrewshire, chiefly by
Bp Montgomery. March, 1834.
. MS. Flora of Jedburgh, Roxburgh, 2 Rev. James Duncan
ht to me in 1832). H.C. W. 88 pages

LOCAL CATALOGUES USED IN PREPARING WATSON’s ‘ToP. BoT.’ 867

184. Flora of Cornwall. Extracted from the ‘Hortus Siccus’
of the Horticultural Society of Cornwall. By Miss Elizabeth A.
Warren. 1860. Recopied from Mrs. Warren’s MS., but her hand
not very clear in names. [80 folios in Watson’s handwriting on the
ae of circular announcing the dissolution of the Botanical Society
of London in 1856].

Lettering ‘“‘ Ex. Bist. H.C. Warson. MS. Froras.” fol.

185. A Sonne xe towards a new Flora of Bedfordshire, by
W. Hillhou

A sic from the Bedfordshire Mercury,’ Jan. 22nd, 1876.

186. ree pg Plant List. 1875. [By W. Hillhouse] .

187. A List of os observed growing in North and South
Kssex, by E. i

188. The Flora of | Baler. F. A. Malleson.
Has some additions by Gerard Smith.

Lettering ‘‘ Locan Caratogurs. H.C. Watson.’ fol.
oe 189. List of Plants found in the Isle of Skye. By Lawson and
190. Harrow Flora. Additions to, by Rev. Wm. Hi
A copy of the ‘ Harrow Gazette,’ Feb. 1st, 1861, with a list of
ae F on pp.
191. British Plants growing wild...... in the parish of
ere Dec ae By the Rev. J. 8. Henslow.
192. Id. Another edition
193. Rainb. Cat., fol. Plants. observed in Rosshire, including
the county of Cromarty as Gordon. Feb., 1834.
194. L ed. 1, fol. From Tis. Flora of Jedburgh, by Rev.
James Duncan.

List of the Flora of Cornwall, according
to the Horticultural Society’s ‘ Hortus Siccus.’ N.B. Cl 1ecked from
a MS. list (with localities and authors) lent to me by Mrs. Warren.

196. L. C., ed. 1, Chudleigh and vicinity. Checked from
the pode in Jones’ Se ae Tour in Cornwall and De
eA). , fol. Within eight miles of Poole, Dorset.
Cheekea from De ser s Catalogue
et L. C., ed. 1, fol. Forster s Flora of Tunbridge Wells.
South Kent. Checked from Rev. G. E.
Smith" ss ; marked catalogue used in preparing the New Bot. Guide, &e,
. ©., ed. 1, fol. sy oF" riage Checked from Cow-
ell’s Flora Guide for EB. Ken Fp. 18-
vi 201. L. C., ed. 1, fol. Malvern Pints. Checked from Lees’s
arx

Plants of Warwickshire, chiefly Allesley
ey Cees “Checked from Rev. W. T. Bree’s alphabetical
sy Ney

L. C., ed. 1, fol. Reigate. Checked from gn Flora

of oe with = additions saa Holman in Phytol.,
204. L. C., ed. 1, fol. ecked off from an alishabetioal Cata-
logue of Norfolk Plants, by Mies Bell, of Stow Vicarage, in 1882.

868 LOCAL CATALOGUES USED IN PREPARING WATSON’S ‘TOP. BOT.’

205. L. C., ed. 1, fol. List of Plants of South Lancashire,
chiefly in or near Prestwich. Checked from a local herbarium col-
lection by Mr. ‘‘ Joe Goodlad,”’ and sent to B [ot]. S[oc]. Ljond].
206. L. C., ed. 1, fol. Lower Tees Plants. Taken from Mr.
John H fogs’ s checked catalogue.
207 . 1, fol. Barnstaple and Braunton. H. C. W.
208. Shoreham, July 26th, 1850; within two
miles of the railway station. H.C. Watson.
209. ed. 1, fol. Seen July 28rd, 1850, about Hurstpier-
point, and thence along road to Hassock’s Gate Station. H.C.
210. L. C., ed. 1, fol. Brighton, July, 1850. All within two
miles of the town probably. H.C. W.
£1. di, C.; ed. 1; fol. Near the Avon, below Bristol, Glouces-
tershite Sept. 26th, 1850. Seen by H. C. W.
212 . ed. 1, fol. Plants seen in Flintshire, Welsh side of
the Dee Channel, below nc oe Sept. Ist, 1850, by H. C. Watson.
213. E.C., fol. Plants of Wirral Hundred, Cheshire. H.C. W.
214. i 02 60; 1, fol, Plants seen near ‘Chester, Sept. 1st,

: ae ea C., ed. 1, fol. Plants seen near Stockport, Aug. 80th,
1850.
216. L. C. ts ed. ie fol. Between Parkgate and Hooton Station,
ra eae 1850. a F
lls, Gi ait 1, fol. Seen in Cumberland, vicinity of Keswick
ae Thirhaere, by H. C. Watson.
(Also additions from Winch and others).

Aberdeenshire, 18, 156, 157. Brighton,
Aberystwith, 152. Bristol, oy ve 95, 211.
Allesley, 202. Brotherton, 174.
ick, 115 Bucks, 75,
va, 34. Bungay, 20.
Anglesea, 148. Buteshire, 159.
Arran, 159. Caithness, 40, 160, 161,
Ashby-de-la-Zouch, 109.
Atherstone, 1838. Callander, 82.
Avon, Cambridge, 77
Ayrshire, 159. Canlochan, 72
Balmuto, 169. Cantire, 168
Banffshire, 13. Carnarvon, 149.
Barnsta ple, 21, 85, 207. Castleton, 88, 73.
Bedfordshire, i 186. Cheltenham, 96.
Ben Nevis, 45. Chatham, 50.
oo 56, 74. Cheshire, 78, 79, 218.
iho on- Tweed, 114, Chester, 212, 214.
as sods Chudleigh, 196.
Bideford, 85. Clea, 63
irmingham, 21. Clova, 37.
Boston, 61. Coleshill, 2
Braemar, 88, 73. Cornwall, am ‘80, 81, Bg, 83,
Braunton, 207. 184, 195.

LOCAL CATALOGUES USED IN PREPARING WATSON’s ‘Top. Bot.’ 869

Cromarty, 198.
Crosle ‘

gh, 101.
Dane oe oT.

Dlgin 168.

Forth Counties, 171.

sby,
rrisedale Pike, 21.
faddington, 172.
Harrow, 112, 190.
Hastings, 6.
Hawes ae 69.
Helvellyn, 21.
Henfield, 130.

(
(
G
(
Gr
¢
I

imley, 59.
‘Hishaas 122, 191, 192.
Hooton, 216.
Huntingdon, 108, 104.
Hurstpierpoint, 209.
Invernesshire, 88, 48.
Islay, 1638.

Isle of Skye, 1
ex ae Wight, 20, 53, 98, 99,

Jedbutgh. 188, 194,
J

Kintardineshire: 13, 178, 174.
“pega 44,

Kinnoul, 3

Kirkoudbright, 165.
Lanarkshire, 175.

Lan ee ire, 66, 107, 205.
Sate

Tanase 108, 110.
Lincoln,

Lincolnshire, 1, 61, 62, 68, 64.
Linlithgow, 172.

Nene, 57, 58.

Parkgate, 216.
pai chap trinn a” 154.
Soe Hills,

Pertkakive, 29, gg 179.

, 58.
Plymouth, 10, 11, 12, 88.

e, 197.
Prestwich, 65, 205.
2B

870 EXAMINATION OF MR. A. STEPHEN WILSON’S “‘SCLEROTIA.”

Radnorshire, 155. Surrey, 8, 4, 126, 127, 128.
Reigate, 208. eae 129, 130, 131,
Renfrewshire, 180, 182.
Richmond , York), 141. Sathedaddahiee, 39, 41.
Ross, 102. Swanston, 35.
Rossgill, 68. Swindale, 68.
Rosshire, 42, 193. Tabley House, 78.
Roxburgh, 183. Taunton, 21
Saddleback, 21. Tay, 36
t. Catherine’s Down, 22. ees, 206.
+ Fillans, 179. Thirlmere, 21, 217.
st. Leonards, 6. Thirsk, 144.
sandside Bay, 39. Thorpe, 62.
s;cawfell Pikes, 21. Thurso, 89.
sett] 3. Torquay, 86.
hap, 68, 69. noha 82...
shedfield, 97. Tru
‘horeham, 208. Tunbridge Mier 198.
Sircwaber: 129. Twickenham, 5
Shrewsbury, 117. Twycross, es
; Bhinpahie, 101, aii, Warwickshire, 134, 202.
skiddaw, 21. Westmorland, 67.
‘kye, 189. Whinlatter, 21.

: Shee 7, 24, 95,101. we an of, 22, 58, 98,
Stafford, 1 99, 100, 101.
Stafford, 59, 119. Wilshire, 185, 186, 187,

staine 138, , 140.

Stir ting. 8 Windsaed 146.
Stinlinsghire, 181. Wirral Hundred, 213.
Stockport, 215. _ Worcestershire, 8.

Suffolk, 20, 121, 122, 128, Yorkshire, 142, 145, 147.

124, 125, 191, 192.

EXAMINATION OF MR. A. STEPHEN WILSON’S “ SCLE-
ROTIA” OF PHYTOPHTHORA INFESTANS.
By Greorce Murray, F.L.8., & Waurer Fuieut, D.Sc., F.R.S.

w the ‘ Gardeners’ ae for 1882, p. 460, Mr. A. Stephen
Wilson published an account of certain podiea found in potato
leaves, &c., which he offered evidence to prove were of the nature
of sclerotia, and further, that they formed a phase in the life-
history of the potato fungus. It is unnecessary to deal in detail
with the nature of Mr. Wilson’s evidence: to put the case shortly,
he contended that these so-called sclerotia were masses of proto-
plasm in a more or less hardened and earner condition, which
under favourable circumstances resumed activity after the fashion
of plasmodia. It need not be said that this ao ty a Tanne departure

m the accepted notions of the life-history of an organism of the

EXAMINATION OF MR. A. STEPHEN WILSON’S “‘ScLEROTIA.” 9871

affinities of ger ea ivvestane. Though we have zoospores in »
fungi of this kind, there is no nearer sogecasts to the exhibition of

ngus origin.” Myr. Murray contended ( Journal of Horti-
multits, March 15th, 1888) iat: the description of these bodies as
sclerotia was mistaken, since they did not conform to the definition

c
nition of a selerotium—a matter not to be wondered at, ee
the number of new and utterly sited descriptive terms he thi
it right to employ in his account of these bodies. Finally, ss
satisfy or confirm Mr. Murray’s doubts, which were expressed at
meetings of the Scientific Committee of the Royal sbeebs

ness, sent to that Board a series of spec imens for his s inspection,

and the — has been ee shortly to the committee.
e was no sign whatever of the breaking down of cells and ;

sel coneents in the naighbohchoe d of the so-called sclerotia such

as ¢ nly accompanies the siecane of a fungus, and the micro-
scopical examination forced upon the conelision that they
were merely a form or product of all. con However, the

potatoes sent by Mr. breil baste ae an 1 watched, and

in question, the re i call cases negative as regards any
manifestation of life whatever in them. e ‘ plasmodiation,”
“‘ myceliation,”’ ao ., described by Mr. Wilson, wholly failed to
appear. Returning then to the original opinion that they were

merely a form of on contents, inquiry was made as to their

circumstances), but soluble in dilute nitric acid, the gue
pia Nace privately by Mr. Geddes) that they might be piblats
of lim s then determined to test them for this substance, and,

a nce his
were Submitted to Dr. Flight that he might carry out the

These four portions were placed in dilute nitric acid, an id. ‘after
the lapse of half an hour, the so-called sclerotia had entirely
Mi ni agaens The fragments of -—.. were removed from the liquid,

under the microscope, the grea
amorphous state. We have eed. no hesitation in saying that

S72 CINCHONA LEDGERIANA.

these so-called — of Phytophthora infestans are merely masses
of oxalate of lim

It might be wontended by Mr. Wilson that, since ee of
lime is to be found in certain plasmodia, a mistake has been made,
but the application of dilute nitric acid for half an deocer ‘ the -
leaves would not have been sufficient to remove all trace whatever
of a protoplasmic structure such as a plasmodium.

INDHMON A LE DGHREAIAN A.
By Henry Troen, M.B., F.L.§8.

I rar. to see that Dr. Kuntze has in any way strengthened his
position by his attempt (p. 298) to discover discrepancies in my two
st les on C. Ledgeriana. In the latter one I was only concerned

o show that this species, if. ae tected from chances of cross-
fertilization, produced its own seed abundantly, and ica such
seed came as true as that of sila species under ilar circum-
stances. All the species of Cinchona vary a good deal in leat form,

and o not agree wit th Dr. Kuntze in considering that it is
iy for a species” to produce perfectly true seed.

It is of course a matter of but little importance whether the

Dr. Kuntze says it is “proved” by the botanical characters, but a
good deal more than such woos Biante so be required to satisfy
Oe of the truth of his assumption
There is some evidence with quite thi 3 oak tendency. In
1881 Mr. Moens commenced, in the Java plantations, a series of
artificial crossings of Cin chona : amongst phate he succeeded in
crossing C. Calisaya with C. micrantha. The resulting seed germi-
nated, and re Ae ae were put out in the open in Mareh,
882. Here, then ording to Dr. Kuntze, was a direct syn-
thesis of C. L vedo peas "Bik this is what Mr. Moens W rote to me as
to the result. After alluding to other artificial hybrids he had
owing, he proceeds :—‘‘ The recipe of Kuntze for making Ledgeri-
aud, Cross- Ben densi of Calisaya with micrantha, has given no
Ledgeriana, but an intermediate — Curiously en ough, almost

ioe 3 in our Prise

This is surely ty direct disproof of Dr. Kuntze’s theory,
and from a source above suspicion, A good many more of his
baseless assertions as to the origin of oie Cinchonas are equally
well disposed of in Mr. Moens’ ‘Kina cultuur in Azié,’ the most
valuable contribution to Quinology yet App neo and one which it
is to be hoped will be put into an English dres

[This discussion is now closed.—Ep. Journ. ‘Buid

3738

ON LEHMANN’S ANDINE BOMAREAS.
By J. G. Baxer, F.RB.S.

Tue following are the ae of a set of Bomareas
which Mr. F. C. Lehmann has recently collected in the Andes of
New Granada and Ecuador, which he is intending to distribute
under their num -

2340. Hippeastrum Sadler ine} — ‘iflorum, Herb.

2081. Bomarea (Spherine) linifolia Baker.

0. Bomarea (Srpr#rme) Lehmanni, n. sp.—Stems sub-
erect, slender, a 2-3 ft. long. Leaves lactate, lahat:
asce ending, 2-8 i in. long, }—-} in. broad, rigid in texture, glaucous
beneath’ and ciliated: on the ribs. Umbel compound, with 6-7

pedicels short, cernuous, very hairy. Petals equalling the sepals,
each + in. long. —Its only near ally is B. phyllostachya Masters,
which has long-stalked ead twice as large.

00. B. edulis, Herb., typical.

2499. B Oaidek Mcteen”

; .. Var.
2784. B. Caldasiana, Herb., typical.
9°? var.

2785. pe
2184. ject ae =
206

2430. B. Kalbreyeri Baker
2336. B. padadidenstt, ee Bot. Mag., t. 6692.
1852, 2124. B. frondea Maste

or
e
be &

a iialey NOTES.
OURNEMOUTH ALG% --—Bourne uth is a very good place for

mer
species, the following, viz., Taonia atomaria ‘plontifal) i Bieliphonia
byssoides (in great abundance), Bonnemaisonia asparagoides, Haliseris
Slemoditda Arthrocladia villosa, Sporochnus pedunculatus (plenti-
ful), Corynospora pedicellata, Deemareatn ligulata, Gr iffithsia corallina
and sees Stilophora rhizodes, three specimens of Naccaria Higgit,
and one of Dudresnaia coccinea. Of this last species I found several
aieincna on the beach at Stu sie ee ast is one of the
best places I was ever at for Alge specimens of Naccaria
were all small, and looked pails ack hike (at first sight) pieces of
Ceramium rubrum. Dudresnaia coccinea is most easily recognised by
its peculiarly slimy or hrc feeling, for it does not show muc ahi

874 SHORT NOTES.

in ~ Need eas aay ta Bry a ee plumosa was not infrequent,
grow in the mud at low water nearly opposite the
aes Hotel. At Slesiin Sands I found numerous specimens of
Sphacelaria filicina.—THomas WALKER
Ferrimization or Mrrnontca Giortosa.—Having lately had this
lant in bloom in my stove-house, I have had an opportunity of
observing the process by which the fertilization takes place—a
process which accounts for the singular shape of the Ficimcan
With regard to the shape, I would first remark, for the benefit of

opening of the ieee the pistil is bent at a right angle to the
centre line of the ovary, and then when the flower is quite open
the petals are recurved till their extremities meet. Now, when the

Lncesrensums Prants.—I found pipet um sa L. last ©
May growing in small quantity in a strip of turfy ground on
Dhari geod Heath. The rocky and barren tract called by this
name is a remnant of the original forest, of which it forms one of
the highest points. F. vaginatum is inserted (with a query) for

caused the error, if error it be. At the same time I may mention
that on rocks near the same spot I have recently detected Stereo-

Forest.’ The genus is, in fact, quite unrepresented there, though
it can hardly be confounded with any other. In Leighton’s
‘Lichen Flora’ Mr. Bloxam’s Leicestershire localities are quoted
very freely, but under Stereocaulon no record is given from that
county.—H. P. Reaper.

Farure or Ranuncunvus BuLBosus To HOLD rrs Grounp at Kew
(p. 815). —It is likely ‘that this ‘“ apparent weakness ’’ is caused by

the meadow lands.”’ These plants soon disappear from cultivated
land, as they setae a firm but finely divided soil for their roots,
and, as a rule, are easily smothered by rank vegetation. If Mr.

SHORT NOTES. 875

Harmer, by aid of the ‘ Cybele Britannica,’ will carry his examina-
tion of Mr. Baker’s valuable paper a little ea he will find that
of twenty pascual British plants, Class A contains not one, and
Class B on =o one, Luzula campestris. No hard and fast line can be

rawn betw ae and Pratal plants, but yin this statement
I _ field Rotenicls will agree. bein Frye

JERATOPHYLLUM SUBMERSU p> Hun
This pilin plentifully in the Wash easy re Boaford gn
from Karith to Oxlode, and in ditches connected with the Ouse at
t. Ives, Hunts. It flowers aes but [ have not been ~ to get
fully matured fruit, although I have met with some sufficiently
advanced to show the dovering a f iedas it tubercles’? mentioned
as puceucteeistie’ by Syme in ‘English Botany.’ Sometimes a form
occurs with a strong tubercle on each side of the bane of the fruit,
like ‘*the rudiments of the spines of C. demersum”’; but of this I
have only been able to get very immature ex amples, owing to the
fruit being so frequently eaten off by aquatic larve. The fruits are
produced as freely in deep as in shallow SEONG an oes the plant grows
Seecinotia in the former, the upper shoots are crowded together so as
to be brought within the influence of warmth and sunlight. C. de-
mersum seems to = ss nt from these localities.—Atrrep Fryer.
Rume n Mippiesex anp O — In the ‘ Flora of
Middlesex,’ p >. 238, ‘this plant is placed in brackets, as = rae 8

Syme (see Top. Bot. ed. 1, 665), but Mr. Newbould informs me
that he observed it in that locality some few years since. Mr.
John Benbow, of Uxbridge, has lately presented ‘prea of this
and of R. palustris, collected by him near West Drayton, to the
British Museum Herbarium, and writes as follows as to their place
of growth :—*‘ Yesterday [Oct. 31] I revisited the habitat of Rumex
pa and R. maritimus: it is undoubtedly in Middlesex, just
without the boundary of Bucks. In 1864, when I last searched the
spot, I found a solitary specimen of R. palustris only. Yesterday I
counted more than tw enty plants of R. maritimus, whilst R. alesis is
pe citable Ae in ay greater abundance all round the ato e of the

‘ka docks, for one or two mounds which rise ‘tiphtly oa the
levels are also covered with young plants, Should the ensuing

376 SHORT NOTES.

season prove a wet one, and the water rise to a higher level than
heretofore, the habitat will be entirely lost—indeed the pe alien

ment of the refuse makes it only a sa ney al time.’’ The county
of Oxford may be added to the list in Top. Bot., ed. 2, p. 360, there

ing a specimen in the British Museum Asean b Mr. Os-
well ‘‘near Medley Lock, Oxford, September 10th, 1866.” — JAMES
Britten.

Arum rraticum Mill. 1s Kent.—EHarly in the month of June,
1879, I noticed growing in shady places beneath the Undercliff,
Folkestone, an Arum which I strongly suspected to be Arum
italicum (Mill.), which suspicion was confirmed upon my visiting
Jersey shortly afterwards, where the plant grows. abundantly.
Upon returning to . estone later on in the mont de

especial search, and noted the plant in three distinct localities in
the immediate neiphibduylicod=a} that of the Undercliff, just
mentioned; (2) on @ roadside leading between Sandgate and

from Folkestone; here A. maculatum grows abundantly, and the
two species are found intermingled. I am pretty certain that
careful inspection would result in “the discovery of A. italicum along
the whole of this part of the Kentish coast; and I would especially
signalize the neighbourhood of Hythe, We simian ce and Beech-
borough Park as worthy the attention of botanists visiting the
pcg in April, May, or June. It may also occur on the
Warre m informed by Mr. Britten that Dr. Maxwell T
Taner: has gathered it this year ‘‘in a small copse by the roadside
about 14 or 2 miles out of —— on = Canterbury Road.
e plant na Feb. 6th with leaves fully expanded, amid scores or
hundreds of the common dain still rolled See Soil chalk.” pe
may be the wood well known locally as Lady Wood. Again
May 8rd, 1888, Dr. ve tg aoadsi ae that he had seen “ ae
of Arum italicuen a second time, near Folkestone, always in com-
pany wi ith the ae maculatum, but not yet observed if in
o far wh experience goes, it is not a free-
hit in_this sae ee It is to be expected that further
research will show A. italicum to be prety generally dispersed along
our southern coasts.—J. Cosmo Meu
cose or THE Lake District. — The following localities for
rar be of interest :—Aquilegia vulgaris L., fine in fissures
of rock 1500 ft (?) ) above the Vale of St. John’s. — Potentilla Sruti-
cosa Li., above Keppel Cove Tarn, where also oceurs Dryas octo-
petala L.; this is the Settle form (major), not the Teesdale one
(minor). — Hieracium argenteum Fr., High Street range, with H.
holosericeum Backh. an . chry ysanthum Backh.; H. “holosericeum
also on Glara-mara, and H. chrysanthum on Helvellyn. — Vaccinium
caus L., High Street range.— Ajuga pyramidalis L., Hill Be
fine. —Salizx lapponum L., Catchedicam. — Carex —_
a co a and High Street. —Asplenin gy rionale L.,
tains above Grasmere, — Polystichum Lonchitis L., Fair field, on
mountains aboye Hawes Water. — Woodsia ee. Br., Helve
and Hill Bell range.—James Backnouss.

SUPPLEMENT TO LIST OF PHANEROGAMS PUBLISHED IN 1882. 377

LimosELza aquatica IN CamBprinGEsHiRre AnD Hunts.—This plant,
not recorded from Cambs. since 1827, when it was found by Prof.
Henslow at Gamlingay, grows in some abundance on the muddy
shore of the Ouse at Earith Causeway, in Hunts, and on both sides
of the New Bedford River from Earith to Oxlode, i in Cambs. Its
creeping growth, closely adpressed to the ground and rooting at
the end of every branch, enables it to establish itself securely on™
the silty, shifting mud deposited on the very edge of the stream,
and swept bare of other ava aeagieger by the action of tides and floods.
Thus freed from the rivalry of robuster growths, its pretty pink

to similar stations down the river or to such as are only submerged
at high water. _ At Oxlode it grows wholly in the water, producing

cally cleared of other plants, and well-churned mud to grow in.—
ALrrep FRYER

CrEPIS BIENNIS AT EKastsourne. — I gathered this — on the
26th May last on a grassy spot in a new suburb of Hastbourne,

in ee places, but of ¢ se only as an introduction, on which
und, I suppose, Mr. Rear as not included it in his ‘ Flora of
Banton: "—F. B. Doveton.

SUPPLEMENT TO gage son PHANEROGAMS PUBLISHED IN
ITAIN IN 1882.

In compiling the list an 112-120) of Phanerogams published

in Britain during 1882, we overlooked Prof. I. Bayley Balfour’s

‘ Diagnoses plantarum novarum Phanerogamarum reine:

tinted by - asteriaky and species; alla from : Bosokee. and
Balf. fil. o be understood as the authority for each, except
where stheiwibe stated.
Menispermace®.—Cocculus Balfourii Schweinf.
Crucirerx.—Diceratella incana. Farsetia prostrata. Brassica
rostrata, Lachn ep, saat spathulata.
Capparipr£.—Cleome Socotrana.
RESEDACER, eta? viridis
ARYOPHYLLEE, — Gypsophila montana. Polycarpea cespitosa,
divarica
Hvenaicace. —Hypericum tortuosum, scopulorur
Matvacex.—Hibiscus Scotti, ste nanthus, caiielliie:
Serer —Melhania muricata.
ILIACEZ. ea” ewia turbinata, Slociluria! Corchorus erodiodes.
Eleocar oud transultus.
Ruracex,—~Thamnosma Socotrana.

878 NOTICES OF BOOKS.

Burserace®.—Boswellia Ameero, elongata, Socotrana. Bal-
SS aosandies Socotranum, parvifolium, planifrons Schweinf.
\MPELIDE®.-—Vitis subaphylla, paniculata.
Saprinpacex.—Allo eheiies (Schmidelia) rhusiph yllus
Awnacarpiace®.—Rhus thyrsiflora. Odina ornifolia, asplenifolia.
a iemexeateestcolalatia eines dubia, pteropoda. Prio-

tropis Socotrana. Trigonella falcata. Lotus ees mugen

Indigofera nephrocarpa, marmorata. Taverniera seri
iat esorarpanc™ a e. = ee ceruleum. Dicheceecki
dehiscens. Acacia Socotra

CRASSULACER —Kal Nie favinacea, abrupta, robusta.

Bocoitan
Umseuurrer®. — Nirarathamnos* scastghis. Carum pimpi-
nelloides, calcicolum. Peucedanum cordatum.
Rusracex.—Dirichletia venulosa, lanceolata, obovata. Placo-
poda* virgata. Hedyotis stellarioides. Mussenda capsulifera.
Gaillonia tinctoria, Coe es.

: affini
Be ea nia x Ueki ak Psiadia Schweinfurthii.
Phubea glutinosa, aromatica, obovata. Helichrysum ses ro-
cephalum, arachnoides, amet suffruticosum., Pu lic ver-
sifolia, stephanocarpa, vierwoides. Senecio (Kleinia) * scott
uryops Socotrana. Dicom ee cana. Lactuca lati crassi-
folia. Prenanthes amabilis. Lanna crepoides

NOTICES OF BOOKS.

noite Bers —Grant Auten, ‘Flowers and their Pedigrees’
(Lon 7s. 6d.). — F. T. Morr, ‘Fruits of all Countries’
tanithoe Birstal Hill, Leicester : 2s. 6d.). — C. J. F. Buns BURY,

Spaltpilze’ (8vo, pp. 193: Halle, Waisenhauses). — H. Watpner,
: a ee varie’ (Ato, tt. 52: Wasselnheim). — H. Carist
(transl. by EH. Zrecue), ‘La Flore de la Suisse et ses origines’
( 8vo, pp. xv., 5 Scuroter, ‘ Die Flora der
Bisa (4to, pp. 41: — Wurster). — M. Micueut, ‘ Contri-
s 4 la Flore du Paraguay: Légumineuses’ (4to, pp. 78, tt. 22:
paar. Georg, 20 fr.). - et. ine, ’ Gea Ma Plants and Ferns
in Co. Co ae (Svo, pp. xiii., 113, : Marche, Weston-super-
Mare). — C. B. Cuarxe, ‘ Cyrtan ia (Monographie Phanero-

gamarum es vol. v., pt. 1; 8vo, pp. 808, tt, 82: Paris,
Masson).

ARTICLES IN JOURNALS.—NovVEMBER.
American Naturalist. —G. Macloskie, ‘ Achenial hairs of Town-
sendia.’—A. F'. Foerste, ‘ The hibernacula of Herbs.’—J. B. Ellis
& A. Kellerman, ‘ New American Fungi.’

ARTICLES IN JOURNALS. 879

Ann. Sciences Nat., 6 8. xvi. no. 5 (Oct.). —Leclere, ‘De la
transpiration dans les végétaux’ (contd.)—A. Franchet, ‘ Plantes du
Turkestan ' (co cont 2 Prunus ee a, Spirea pilosa, Pyrus turke- .

fera, Senecio crab Cousinia culemen C. ee ispina, UC’, ano-
mala, C. Capusi, C. acicularis, C. Bonvaleti, spp. un., 4 At

Botanical it cea (Oct.).-W. G. Farlow, ‘ Peronosporew of
age Sta

betes Zeitung (Oct. 26, Noy. 2).——J. Reinke, ‘ Unter-
ie tiber die Hi hate des Lichtes auf die sauer-
ober Spinclac der Pflanzen’ pee) G pies

Bot. C megan ies 44),—I. Kiihn, ‘ pe albida, n. sp.’
(No. 45).—N. J. Scheutz, ‘ Observationes eepodelogies

os Notiser (no. 5).--K. J. Lénnroth, “Cuscuta Epithymum

ny Viaxt for Sveriges flora.’ —C. Melunder, Bidrag till Vester-
pothne on Lapplands flora.’ ;

Bull. Soc. Bot. France (xxx. 4: Oct.).——- Magnen, ‘ Narcissus
juncifolio- Taxetta,’ ~—E. Roze, ‘ La Fécondation chez les Azolla.’—
J. Vallot, ‘ Nouvel Appareil destiné 4 la dessiccation des arse
i Bonn et, ‘Sur un Herbier de Boccone conservé au Muséum d

aris.’—M. Corn nu; * wagon. omar Tee des Urédinées. "6.
Nees ‘Le tubercule de ’Igname ‘ Les Sorbus dans la Céte ©
@’Or’ (S. fallacina, n. sp.). —M. ‘Ccsataan shia, grit nce du séjour
sous le sol sur la structure anatomique des tiges..—-A. Battandier,

‘ Sur quelques cas 2 ~assiparonrir hacen ’_-A. Chabert, ‘ Origine des

Tulipes de la Savo

Bull. Torrey Bee" Club ans, ).—J. B. Ellis & B. M. Everhard,
‘New Fungi.’ —E. G. ‘Fruit of Mustichium norvegicum’
(1 plate). wad), Wright, Stinhiek diandra, n. sp.

Flora (Oct. 21).—P. Kriiger, ‘ Die oberirdischen Vegetations-
organe der Orchideen in ihren Beziehungen zu Clima und Stan-

‘ Geheeb, ‘ Bryologische Fragmente, ii.’ — H. Ka rsten,
‘ Natur und Entwickelung der Hostatophyitient:
Garden (Nov. 3),—-Epidendrum rhizophorum (ic. pict.).
Gardeners’ Chronicle (Nov. 3).——Stelis zonata Rehb. f., n. sp.,
Nuphar advena (fig. 92).— . Hemsley, ‘ Fuchsia Euontenais"
101). —‘ List of Garden Orchids ’ er ae contd.), —
(Nov. 10). Masdevallia brevis nese f., n.sp.— W. G. Smith,
Peronospara ganglioniformis (fig. 106). oe CG Babington, ‘ thes

pinnatifida.’ — Nov. 17). Satcolabiun Witteanum Rehb. f., n. sp,
. Curtisit (fig. 108). — J. B. Armstrong, ‘ Fertilisation of
Red Clover.’—-W. G. Smith, ‘Peronospora parasitica (figs. 109-111).

cMieaihes viridiflorus.’
and Naturalist, —J. EK. Bagnall, ‘ Flora of Warwickshire ’
).

foot, "Serophulariacea—Verbenacea

880 OBITUARY.

Naturalist.__J. Cash, ‘Mr. Wilson’s Tours’ (concluded).
(Esterr. Bot. Zeitschrift—J. B. Wiesbaur, ‘ Bosniche Rosen.’—
L. aad ‘ Ueber einige ar ee Lee Stipa tauricola, n. sp.’
—C. F Sr ane n Seelosti D. Hire, ‘Zur Flora von
Croatien. Vv, ’Borb as, ‘ Die Wiedenhybride Ungarns.’—B. Blocki,
‘ Zur Flora von Galizien.’—-P. G. Strobl, ‘ Flora des Htna ’ (contd.).
Pharmaceutical Journal (Nov. 10).—J. J. Dobbie, G. G. Hen
son, & Bayley Balfour, ‘ Classification and properties of red Resins
known as Dragon’s Blood.’
Science Gossip.—K. C. Malan, ‘ Urcehis mascula.’

OBITUARY.

The Rev. Roserr Woop, Vicar of Westward, near Wigton,
ahead. died at Pa see on the 15th of March last, at the
advanced age of 86 yea Although never attaining any great
prominence in the pie dace world, Mr. Wood was a genuine lover

=a
fe)
oO
=
oO
?
oO
Q.
op
et
&
(a)
oO
mM
Q
°o
see
oe
fa)
me
PG
ee
ao B
pert
oD
—
a
ro)
m
2
5s
Brg.
°o
bee
pb
oe
02
t= Ee

oh
e incumbency of Wecteata and remained prelate ntil his

y a han Mr.

especially interested in British flowering tire of which he had
an accurate knowledge, although the more recent “ critical” school
did not attract his ante am ; his herbarium was nearly complete
for the British flor Mr. Wood published very little; a note upon
Alchemilla ee aite, " published i in this Journal for 1872 (p. 808), was
his sole oa to our pages. In a magazine called ‘ Young

ngl n which some Svea was at one time given to

“vena in August s 1864, the other in felts 1865,—under the
signature ‘‘ Wood Robert,” which he frequently employed.
clergyman Mr. Wood was bes active, doing much to improve his
parish in many ways. He was a kind and sebal correspondent,

and will be missed and palit by many who did not know him
ak. toa Wood's death was shacodad by that of his eldest
on, the Henry Hayton Woop, Rector of Holwell, Dorset.
The sae siatiod was born at haba Sept. 28, 1825, and died at
the same place on November 8rd, 1882. He was one of the founders
of the Dorset Field Club, and devoted a good deal of attention to
Botany, especially to Mosses, of which he had an see col-
lection, which has been acquired for the British Mus

We regret to announce the death of the Rey. ea Harpur
Crewe, Rector of Drayton Beauchamp, near Tring, which ass
on Baptoniber 7th, after a long and raat illness, at the age of

OBITUARY OF BOTANISTS. 381

fifty-three. Mr. Crewe was best known as a horticulturist; he

had in cultivation. His collection of Croeuses was characterised in
1875 by Sir J. D. Hooker—who named in compliment to him
Crocus Crewei (Bot. Mag. t. 6168)—as ‘the richest in Europe” ;
the genus was a great favourite with him, and he made excursions

could. He was well known as an entomologist, and had a good
econieaas of British plants; he did not, however, publish any strictly
botanical papers, although his horticultural contributions were nu-
merous and useful. The specimens of Gentiana germanica from which
our plate (t. “15) was taken were collected and forwarded to this
Journal by Mr. Crewe in 1863.

Osiruary or Botanists, 1882.

Tue following list of botanists who died during 1882, with
reference to the various publications in which some notice of their
career will be found, will, it is hoped, be useful. Except where
otherwise stated, ¢ the publications referred to were published during
1882, so that the repetition of that date is unnecessary.

Brrnpes, Wilhelm Eugene; b. Jan. 20, 1844, at Kisa; d. June

23, at Upsala. Bot. Notiser, 197.

Bovent, Emil, of Bot. Garden, Brunswick; b. at Berlin, Dec.
: d. at ape ty Aug. 25. Bot. Centralblatt, xii. 81.
sen F.; b. Mar. 8, 1817, at Herbichofen; d. May 23, at
sbur

Get artok = Sir Robert; b. at Edinburgh, ee 18, 1797; d. same
place, Jan. 27. Nature, XXV. 339 ; . Bot. Soc. Edi
xiv. 266; Pharm. Journ. 3rd §. xii. ae
Darwin, Charles pons b. at Shrewsbury, Feb. 12, 1809; d. at
Down, Ap. 19. Journ. Bot. 165; Gard. Chron. xvii. 5385;
Nature, xxv. 597; . 49, 73, 97, 145, 169; Trans. Bot.

oc. ree
Decaisne, Joseph ; b. Mar. 18, 1809, at Brussels ; d. at Paris,
Feb. 8. Journ. Bot. 158; Gard. Chron. xvii. 215; Nature, xxv.
295.

Leipzig.

Dick, George; b. at Aberdeen, Nov. 23, 1818; d. same place,
July 7. grace Bot. 1888, 30; Nature, xxvi. 279; Scottish
Naturalist, no. 1, N. 8.

Garovaciio, Santo, pa of Bot. ice Pavia; d. at Pavia,
Mar. 20, wt. 79. Bot. Centralblatt, x.

Germain ve Sarmnt-Prerre, E.; d. at FHyéres. Bot. Central-
blatt, xi. 152.

Guuuives, George; b. at Banbury, June 4, 1804; d. at Canterbury,
Nov Journ. Bot. 18838, 31.

382 OBITUARY OF BOTANISTS, 1882.

Hatz, Elihu, botanical collector ; d. Sept. 24, at Athens, Illinois,
wet. 60. Bot. Gazette, p. 126.
Horrman, G. H.; i 1805, at Margate; d. Mar. 81, same place.

. xvi. 540
Horse, W. §8.; b. “1808, at Plymouth ; d. at Basingstoke, March:
288.

James, Thomas Potts; b. at Radnor, Philadelphia, Sept. 1, 1808;
d. Feb. 22, at Cam dads, Mass. Journ. Bot. 158 ; Proc. Amer.
Phil. Soc. xx. 298-297.

KERCHOVE DE genie Oswald; b. 1819; d. at Ghent, Feb. 21.
Gard. Chron. x

Kiprist, Richard: he 1811; d. at ~ ait Jan. 14. Journ. Bot.
63; Gard. Chron. XVil. 91; ature, xx 5

KoscunwstKorr, Dmitrij Alexandrowitsch, Bnkio of Bot. Garden,
Odessa; d. at Mentone (no date). Bot. Contrlblate, x. 280.0%

KreMPELHuser, A. Von, a se d. Oct. 1, at Munich,
wet. 69. Bot. Centralblatt, a

Lepreanck, Casimir Ch ne Ds a Ghee “9 20, 1848; d. at
Brussels, Jan. 14. Bull. Soc. Roy. Belg. xxi. 30.

Lzce i

Ett, William H.; d. Ap. it,

ig cnciox, Matthew : b. Jay 16, 1808; d. in London, July 14.
Proc. Linn. Soc. 1882-83 , p. 42.

i. Frederick; d. at Kew, Dec. 21, xt. 71. Journ. Bot.
1883, 192.

Paryewu, Richard; d. at ee i ae Journ. Bot. 18838,
30; Scottish Naturalist, no.

Purxinse, oS nuel de, prof. of fess @ Wei , Bohemia;
d. May 23, et. 50.

apse 2 homes Fitzarthur; d. in London, Sept. 26, wt. 53.
ourn

ReEEks, Bane: | 2. i Pieeoee 3 race Mar. 15, 1888; d. near
Andover, Feb. 20. Journ. Bot.

Savter, John; b. at Gibbleston, Tete: Feb. 8, 1887; d. at Edin
a aoe Dec. 9. Journ. Bot. 1888, 81; Ronteich Naturalist, no. 1,

ScuLosseR Liisa? I. de; d. Ap. 27, at Agram, Croats wet. 74.
Bot. Centralblatt, xi. 4.

Scuwann, Theodor; b. Dec. 7, 1810; d. Jan. 11, at Cologne.

e

Tavscuer, Juliu : d. Mar. 16, at Erezi, Hungary, et. 51. Bot.
Centralblatt, X. Se

oop ag CuaRLEs Wrvinte ; b. at ag Linlithgow, a
5, 1 ; d. at Bainbureli Mar. 10. Trans. Bot. Soc. Edi
xiv. “378: Scottish Naturalist, no. 1, N. S.

THwaitEs, George Henry Kendrick : b. at Bristol, 18ii = d:. im
Ceylon, Sept. 11. — Bot. 851; Nature, xxvi. 682; Proc.

Woop, Rey. Hen nry Ha wa b. 1825, at bidet ode Wigton ;
d. same place, Nov. 3. Journ. Bot. 1883, p. 8

INDEX.

For classified articles, see—County Records; Journals, Articles in; Obituary ;

Reviews.

Acer pubescens, 189
eatery Schaffneri, 62; vinosa, 62
um Sti. J ana 197

Aeranthus Curnowianus, 127
Aerides Lawrencie, 352; lepidum,
‘158

Hathyitanthide ee fe
eae hematus, 29; rmilla-
s, 288 BP ses Feed 288; pul-
meee 9 29
Agrostis foliosa, a nigra, 110;
pumilis, 127; tenuis, 127
Atte ens in Gioncéienahaie: 86, 1 ra
Allen’s (Grant) * Colours of Flower
(rev.), 59; ‘Colin Clout’s rite
tl 91
ospora* Sapucayer,* 254
Anaphalis racemifera, 379
= Croftii, 29 ; geraniifolia,

haeerats Ficalheana, 156
Angrecum cryptodon, 127

£

£

Aristida Parishii, nae

os cares Bodame, 25

Artemisia Seariteetbidee: 190

Avthrocaxpum, 378

é culatum and its cross-

fertilization 285, "262: italicum

in Kent, 376

saclpian Cornuti, 94; new species
6

Aspen, fall of branchlets in, 806

Hanningtoni,* 945

Astephanus, new species of, 62

eae Capusi, 3

Astragalus Hypoglottis in 546
new species of, 189, 2

Aginadlepie 285

Babington, C. C., Epipogum aphyl-
oe 26; notice of T. H. Corry,

New Genera and Species are distinguished by an asterisk.

Babington’s Manual, Addenda to,

Backhouse, J., Lake Plants, 376

Beria carnosa, 351

Bagnall, J. E., Agrostis nigra, 110

Baker, J. G., Synopsis of Selagi-
oT ti ee 80, at ine tae 240,
3 o new tr Ca-
rices (t. "288), 129; ‘Hamming
E. Trop. African Ferns, 245;
Survival of el aoe 271; no
posed Lakeflora, 350; Lehman
Bom cratic 378

Bartsia visco

Beddome’s “Handbook of Indian
Ferns’ (rev.), 2

get W. H., Tolypella Sete

incolnshire, 280; H

ot of Utricularia, 315; Most
ta ragga 315; Surrey Plants

bacon cumlobata,* 2038; fim-
b neta 202 ; singe "202
par rag ly
has maritimus in
‘Middlese, 375
Benn fate w Potamo ope-
tis, a5 (t. 35) ; ‘Nai aias marin
seiatord Bata 246, 353 (t. 241)
fe Saxifraga pedati-

, 152
Bentham and Hooker s ‘Genera
antarum,
Bentley 8 "Sindent 8 ae 318
Bermuda Plants 257
Bink kes Nat. Hite Soc. Trans.,
252
Biswarea,
le chnum 1 Hancock
noptert
Blumea per teen 255
Boea dictyoneura,* 169
pe ee , | acme

267; ste-

205 ;

tigridum
Boletus Morgani, 287
oe Andine species of, 373;
Lehm
Botanical 2h a 27, 86, me
Botanical Record Club Re eport
(rev.), 316, 350

384

Boulger, of G. 8.
Gibson (port) ).1 161: py ea Dale
(port.), “ae

ish Mosses,
a aalie eons 294
Brachythecium albicans in fruit, 153
Braithwaite, R., New British Moss,

14

Branchlets, a of, in Aspen, 306
edt’s ‘ Monographie
Deir (rev.), 154
Bretschneider, E., 191; Dake of
lukenet’s s ‘Phytographia,’ 213
Bricke llia Cedrosensis, 3

ubus raeocae
in N. Devon, 317; Lobelia ur
in Cornwall, 359
British Museum, Report of Bot.
Dept. for 1882, 281
Britten, J., Polypo odium Robertia-
num in ucks, 279; ‘Flowering
here ng 286 ; ‘European Ferns,’
‘ ex maritimus in Mid-
dies and Oxon, ah
Broomeia congregata,
Brown’s (J. C.) works on bee.
156, 188, 319
Bryum gemmiparum in England,

Bumelia monticola, 351; texana,

Bureau, Prof., 224

Calanthe cewek 288; wih ad :
5: Reg

158; sp termanni, 25
nieri,
ersten: ‘Gaelic Plant-names’

ave .), 187
mpylopus ee 294
Campelotheli elium
Cardiochlamys, ety
Carduus Carolorum, 59; lanceolato-
6

emirnen
rogyna,* 129 (t
Carrington & ee s ‘ Hepatice

Carruthers, W., Report of Bot.
Dept., British Museum, for 1882,
281

ay pen (S. W.) on Dulwich

Plants, 1

ners, 200

Carum Capusi, 379

Cassia lignea, 29

Cattleya Schroderiana, 255

Cephalophyton, 160

INDEX.

Cephalozia, 183; Turneri in N.
Wales, 110

Ceratophyllum “rigs etc

Cercospora Calthe

Cereus maritimus, ‘619

Channel Island Plants, 20, 21

Chapman’s Supplement to Flora
of Boaters States, 188

eee mee 20

Chesneya turkestanica, 189

Chiloglottis ‘ailabea,* 204

Chinese Plants, 9, 130, 145, 168,
seat 202, 209, 231, 267, 295, 321,

355, 361
Chirita etter 324 ; eburnea,*

168; Juliz,
Christy, R. M., © in Corder, Arum
maculatum, 235, 262 ;
Chrysomyxa albida, 379
Cinchona Ledg eriana, 5, 131, 221,
ris 320, 372
rrhopetalum clavigerum,* 204
Gladopiasia s, 306
Clematis Rueeay 63
Clethra Fabri
Clidemia aeons oA micrantha,

2
Coelogyne Sepia 158; salmoni-
color, 820; 2 £
Coo 6. Splucrella and its

allies, 67, 106, 1
—— ‘British Fane & ‘ Fresh-
er Algw,’ 224, 318
Conninibee Vegetation of, 247
Corder, H., . Christy, Arum
maculatum, ens 262.
Corethrogyne detonsa a, 190
C : w Lrish Rubi, Hs
Asclepias Cornuti, 94; Saxi
pedatifida in Ireland, 181; Me-
moir of, 313
County Recorp
Aberdeen, a1, ‘286, 290
Anglesea, 21, 2
Arran, 59, 291, 292, 348
Bedford, 20, 21, 22, 29, 71, 154,
175, 214, 310, 328

Berks, 26

Brecon, 2 3, 294

Bu an her 21, 256, 279

Caithness, 20, 21, 2

Cambridge, 20, 21, 22, 280, 316,
846, 3 375.

Cardigan, 21

Carnarvon, 22, 65, 127, 291

Chester, 22, ng

Clyde Isles, 2

Cornwall, 16, “A, 21, 87, 59, 101,
182, 291, 315, B86, 847, 359

INDEX,

eed, 21, 26, 252, 370

Bae 1 2237, at 2, 214,
291, 292, 315, 347, 3
Dorset, 21

Durkam , 20, 21

ahorch, 20, 22

a 22,197, 226, 231
0

Gallow ay, 281

cepecd 21, 86, 111, 291
ington 2.

Hania, 51, 120, 191, 291, Bly

eonray ’20, 21, 29, 26,

Huntingdon, 246,251,316,375,377
Kent,20, 22, 156, 188, 252, 350,

Kirkeudbright, 20, 21, 22, 315
Lancaster, 21, 22, 2
epee 20, 59, 137, 128, 374
Lin 84, 280,

fe) » 2
Orkney, 20, 21, 279, 288, 852
Oxford, 26, 376
Perth, 20, 21, 22, 279, 288, 314
Radnor, 20
Roxbur wh, 2 21
Salop, 53, 93, 233, 280
Somerset, 94, 159, 251, 288, 326

25, 8
sn 21, 110, 252, 282, 289,
827, 350, 377
Sutherland, 20, 21,22
Warwick, 21, 29, 64, 93, 111, 128,
158, 190, 218, 255, 216, 288, 379
Westmoreland 376
Worcosier tee 214, 219, 246
York, 22, 66, 85, 214, 251,

Cousinia, new species of, 379
Crategus brac coco 28
Cudrania triloba, 1

Cunningham’ . ChinesePlant, 12
Currey’s Herbarium

s, 319
gibba, pert ’ grandi-

885
Cypripedium Curtisii, 255 ; tonsum,
Oyatontae nebularum,* 232

— ee Memoir of (portrait),

Base edhe in Britain, 5

DeCandolle’s ‘ Origine des ‘Plantes
Cultivées’ (rev.), 57

Ns Savatieri, sing

190
polyeaxpuin, 352

Dendroptus ape 92

Desmidiex, British, 390, 349

Devon Plant-names (rev. ), 62

Deyeuxia Tweedyi, 254

Didymocarpus demissa,* 166

Didymoplexis, 160

D’Inearville’s ‘Chinese Plants, 9

Diorchidium, 29

Dioscorea hexagona, 223; Swin-
oei== doryphora, 247

Diplachne viscida, ‘t58

Disporopsis * fuscopicta,* 278

Dittoceras, 126, 285

Doassanaia Epilobii, 287 ; Farlowii,
2

Donegal Plants, 23, 47, 75, 150,
a Pax” 277, 299
n, F. B., Crepis biennis, 377
ace Cows anii,
Druce, G. C., Carduus pape
crispus in Berks, 2 ~ Carex axil-
in W. Tha 26; 5

| aeons Products
of Sa arunpur, 78,

Duvalia angustiloba, 288

Dysoxylon Schiffneri, 258

Ebermaiera gracilis, 285; Itatiaie
285
Edw ard, T., life of (rev.), 61

» 285, 318

88
Entyloma, new species of, 287
Ephebe Kerneri, 255
casera game 158; ino-
centrum. 2

20

386
roca Kerneri, 254; Uecht-

ritz
Epipogum mapa, 53
Equis

setum rotiferum
Eri D iehicons.* 482 ; wed. ar
Boia arellianus,* 104, 257
(t. a

Erythrea capitata 7 (tt. 236, 237)
Warcareldia strict
Ewing’s Wrotlians Flora, 350

Fawcett, W.,Japanese tone, 182

Ferns, African , 245; Chinese, 209,
267; New Zealand, 140

Ficaria, 198

Field, H.
land Fer 0

Fielding’s ‘ ‘Handbook of Higham,’

O- Eafoeton in N. Zea-

188
A al ae peanle bi aon 157
Fimbristylis cinere

Fin aces ue sere a
eo. me us,

i R. D., New Australian

; “er
Flammula Sarraz
Flight, W., on Wilson's : ‘Golerati.

ora Brasiliensis,’ 252, 318, 850

7 ‘Flore of British India,’ 285

Fontinalis Ravanii, 126

Forbes, F. B., D’ In earville’s Chi-
nese Plants, 9; Cudrania aor
145; Asplenium german
Hong-Kong, 2

Ford's index of Chines Plants, 252

. Brown’s works on,

Fraxinus chinensis, 323
—* s Devon Plant-names (rev.),

Carex distans inland,

Loeselii, 316 ; Potamogetons of
Cambs. and Hunt 16; sug-
gestion, 347 ; Senecio viscosus in
Cambs., 346; Rap eis jag ee
mersum, 37 sella aquat
ca,377; ; Ranunculus bulbosns 374
Funastrum suffrutesce Y

Fungi, New, 28, 29

Geldart’s Norfolk Alge, 252

Genianthus, 285

Gentes delicata,* 824; andes
156; Thunbergii, 183 ; Zollin

gerii, 183

INDEX,

Gibson, G. S., memoir of (portrait),

| Gl chost nom 287
Glyp

hos a, 319
eds ait ai "78 ‘aacaicaa, 93

Gonolobus 8
| Gorkom’s‘ Cinchobs Caliaxe® (rev.),
60
Grove, W. B., A new Puccinia, 274
Groves, H., Ranunculus ophio-
glossifolius i in England, 51
Groves, ritish Characee,20

Gypsophila tious 189

Hance, H. F., A n Pe cree

100; A Chinese ‘Clethra 130 ;

Etymology = Vincetoxicum, 153;

e Cyrtandree, 165;
i New

Ferns, 267
278 ; Spicilegia Fl
295, 321, 8355; New Podophyl-
lum 74, 361
Haxineuetn Leichtlinii, 63
Haplophyllum pilosum, 189
ee 254
Harmer, E. G., Survival of the
Fittest, 314
Hart, H. C., Flora of Innishowen
23, 47, 75, 150, 170, 205, 275,
239 ; Lycopodium alpinum in
Wicklow, 158 ; Elymus arenarius
in Co. Dublin, 246
Hauck’s ae. (rev.), 216
Hedychium
Eee Cephalotes, 287
ex

ts New Afghan
; lade uda Plants in
Sloane Herbarium (t. 239), 257
a maroniensis, 287; Sa-
gotian
iosaciauses yang 379
euffleridium, 254
Hick. f; Ranunentus Ficaria, 198
Hirtella preealt iB
Hodgson’s Ullevates Flora, 252
Hooker Sir J. D., Report of Kew

kg Su
—
oo
st

t. t.
289; his ‘Algw exsiccate,’ 90
Huntingdonshire Flora, projected,
251

INDEX.

1 weanaal of ‘Utricularia, 246,

Secocks ophysa macrocarpa, 189
Hypomyces, new British species, 29

Ilex myriadenia
Illigera este, = 8 1
Indian Vegetable Products, 178,

Inocybe, new oan of, 191
Insects and flowers, 219
197; VMilesii, 288

05, 246, 250, a 291, 292, 299°
Isatis hirtocalix
Iva nevadensis, Pe

Jackson, B. D., Date of Fee, Ss
Watson’s

Bri ‘ish Desmidiex,

290, 34
J OURNALS, ARTIC

American J diese of tlidine. cy.
189, 286

Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist.,

American Naturalist, 92, 126,157,
189, 217, 253, 286, 319, 351, 3878
nn. Sciences Nat., 62, 92, 1
189, 286, 319, 379

Botanical Gazette, 28, 92, 126,
189, 217 8, 287, 379

Botanische ie 62, 92,
126, 157, 190, 254, 287, 319,
351, 879

Botanische Zeit tung, 28, 62, 92,
126, 157, 189, 218, 258, 287,
319, 351, 379

co Tidsskrift, 319

Botaniska Notiser, 29, 92, 157,
190, 319, 3

Bull. Soc. Bot ; Be,

Bull. Soc. Bot, ee 136. 157,
190, 218, 254, 287, B61, 379

92, 127, 158, 190, 254, 287, 351,

Flora, a 68, 98, 127, 158, 190,
254, 351, 379

Garden, 91, 127, 158, 190, 254,
287, 319,351, 379

Gardeners’ Chronicle, 63, 93, 127,
158, 190, 218, 255, 288, 320,

351, 379

387

Geologie! Magazine, 93

cpt a, 29

Sian a Club, 352

Jow ae n. Soc , 29, 128, 158,
28, 320

Jou a: "timecasoriildl Soc., 93,
25. 35, 288

Knowledge e, 158

Longman’s Magazine, 218

Magyar Nov. me 29, 63, 93,
128, 158, 190,

Michelia, 64

gra Naturalist, 29, 64, 93,
128, 158, 190, 218, 255, 288,
320, 352, § 379

218, 255, 320,

Naturalist, 158,
352, 380

Nature, 98, 128, 158, 191, 218
uovo Giorn
e

tere Journal, 158,

191, 219, 255, 288, 380
aoueet Transactions, 252
ee eedings of Linn Soe.,

ee Linn. Soc. N.S. Wales, 93,
2538, 352 }
Quarterly Journ. Microscopical
Science, 93
evue Mycologique, 191, 352
Rochester Naturalist, 252, 352
Science-Gossip, 63, 128, 159, 191,
219, 255, 288, 320, 352, 380
Scottish Naturalist, 224, 288, 352
Timehri, 156
Trans. Bot. Soc. Edinburgh, 288
Trans. Linn. Soc., 30, 219
Trans. No rfolk Nat. Soe., 62
Westbury Mouse Ephemeris, 252
Juncus zebrinus, 288
Juniperus ss snen dink 260

Kew ae Report, 1881 (rev.),
27; earlier opening, 96; Her-
bari ‘i rt, 1881, 53

Knsatis Koenathi, 64

, Cinchona Ledgeriana,

5, 293

Lachnocapsa, 377
Lactuca Kanitziana, 255
is acetabulum, 69; Mela-
um, 70

Tag prec e ongesta, 351
Lancashire Flora projected, 279
oe Allardi, 218

pn, M. A., leaving Oxford, 32

388

Lecidea aggregatula, 127; Bran-
degei, Pai erubescens, 281 ;
Pringlei,

Lecanora Paicacécln, 127; oblite-
rascens,

Lees, F. A., the N. Lincoln Lyco-
podiu m, 84; his Bot. Exchange

Club 1881 Report (rev.), 58

L ann orig 373

L 156
ar miseavall; 287; robusta,

tsp new, 63, 9

Limosella bea in Cambs., 377

Linaria ambigua, 351

Lindsay, R., appointed to Edinb.
Bot. Garden

Linnean Society, 4 159, 219, 256

Linosyris Capus

— aris euler * 231; gros-

Lo es slia urens in nha 359

‘London Catainge #4 tae

Lonicera fabkestan: 3879

Loranthus Ke hats. ‘287: notothix-
oides,* 356

eadicu alpinum in Wicklow,

Lygisma, 126, 285

ok. s ‘Botanical Atlas,’ 91
Bere: s 8. African Bot. Biblio-

grap y, 128
Madagascar Plants, 95, 125, 160,
oe

‘Maleein,

Masievaliabrvis 79; calura, 288 ;
Carderi, 218; Chestertoni, 190;
Gaskellien a 390; gemmata, 320:
aaa 255; SoeeGl lisp: ist

a, 63; pg hte, 320; tri
sacttios, 218

Masters, M. T., New Passifloree,
33; ‘Plant Life,’ 286

Maxillaria irrorata, 255; varicosa,

851
Melanotenium scirpicolum, 287
Melodinus eer eal 201
Melvill, J. C., Arum italicum in
Kent, leg
Mercurialis perenn 81
ue alee Fertilization of, B74
* 268
Mickdateirs
Miclichoferia defecta, 92
mma * Glaziovii,* 84; Jen-
gare

Siccautiuitos, 95

INDEX.

Moquilea licanieflora, 287; minuti-

Mott, F. T., Phyllody of bracteoles
of Ginanthe,
ouriria crassifolia, 287; Sidero-
xylon, 287
pra 8 a ) ‘ Fertilisation of Flow-
s’ (rev.), 24'
nae a. G., on Wilson’ s ‘Sclerotia,’

3
Murray, R. P., Somerset Rubi,
826

Myosurus minimus, 281, 315
Myrica adenophora,* 357

Naturalised Plants, 280
ew Books, 28, 92, 157, 189, 253,
hon 350, 378
w Phanerogams of 1882, 112, 377
tricularia negle ecta

os,
ena californica, 158; tri-
cholepis,*

OBITUARY FOR 1882, 381:—
sati 192

Wood, H. H., 380
Odontoglossum chetostroma, 190
Ginanthe crocata, phyllody m

= ete of, 26
(Enothera Hilgardi, 190
py 270; Gard-

Hrubyanum, 191;
iuonachioum, 128; ealtabundum,
218 ; tum, 12 ie
Onobrychis elegans, 287
Orchis ris in pr 231
eccharis, filipes, 166

xymeris It tatiaice, 285
Oxytheca luteola, 1

27
——o Capusii, 286; tachten-

Pachypterigyum stelligerum, 189
Pandanus Joskei, 320

INDEX.

Passiflora Andr rr sere anfracta,
nula, 128;

ay
Su
®
Eh

ep
pete
i=]
os
iS)
-

nis,* 85; platystyla,* 35;
reticulata, 128
ae ttre hirtus, 352
Pearson, W. H.,
neri in Wales, 1
Penium des * yr only),
92 5 ; spinokpermam,”
Pentabothra

Cephalozia Tur-
110

Meds nea a
Petrocodon * tentbetad?
nedikts um Spretzenhote, ey
Panixa Arctii, 251; post
ee senopeis ‘Boxallii, 1273 “Valen:

i, 32
Philip W., Epipogum aphyllum,
; Naturalised Plants, 280
Philippi s travels in Chili, 247
Phyletidium Haynaldii, 190
ss of bracteoles in Ginanthe,

Phyllosticta carniolica, 2
Phytophthora infestans, ‘ Beletotia’
of, 370

Piffard, B., Fertilisation of Metho-

Plagiolirion Hors i, 255
— Casaebatcti 352
Plei pe
Pleu -osperm roreakengyor 379
Plukenet’ B * Pcs aphia,’ 213
Poa nevadensis, 254; a ere =
ee argotenia,* 357 5

* 362

Poduphyium cc eed 175
Polygon Debeauxii, 254 ;
Forbesii," 100
Polypodium Dryopt eris in Bucks,
9; hemitomum,* 259; poly-

dacéylon," 269; Robertianum in |

Bue

Polyporus Pentzei, 352; Sarrazini, |

Polystachya minutiflora, 820 ; ro- |

sellata, é
Potamogeton Cheesemanii,* 66 ;
Griffithii,* 65; pusillus var
rigidus, 279; var. Sturrockii, 279
Sinemet Indian species of, 29
Primuli abacum,* 169
Prunus vicaomec Hi

389

Pseudopyrenula, 254
Pseudospondias, 188
a Tintiaise, 285 ; parabaicum,

Kontinis a egra,* 274; oxyrie, 29

Pulicaria Cane corre

Pyrenothamnia Spra;

Pyrus pin natifida, # 352, | 379; a
tanica, 379

Quamoclit Kerberi, 287

Quercus Haynaldiana, 190; Va-
na, 351

seya

Rama lina crinita,

lus, 189; turkestanicus, 189
Reader, ae ge oucestershire
Aliens, ae Leicestershire

Plants
Reichenbach, H. G., Oncidium

pei Report ig 1881. By Sir

J.
Origine Pe Plantes Pe andi

Par A. DeCandoll
Botanical on ‘Club Report
for 1881,
ee Ce = Flowers. By
ant Allen,
Gort om’s k of Cinchona
Culture. Trenclaiod by B. D.

Jackson,

Flora of British India. By Sir
J. D. Hooker, 88

Flora oo Hampshire. By F.
Town 0

Monographie der Characeen. By
A. 0. Nordstedt, 154

Guncpouee Characeen. By P.
Sydow,

On mR

By R. Spruce,
Gaelic Song of Plants. By J.
Came 89

Ferns of ‘British India. By R. H.
dom
Die paca te von F. Hauck,

The Fertilisation of Flowers. By
H. Miiller, 248

390

ands to en teh Magazi ne.’
E.
Be Gero eee ed. ii.,

Itinera Principum S. Coburgi
von H. Wawra, 284

Botanical — Club Report
for 1881

Hie cia. speee 190

enia a var. nice-

Rhodym
ensis, 289 (t. 240)
Rhynchospora leucocarpa, 320
Ridley, H. N., Dantia and Prou-
ia, 349

rayi, 288
Rochon’s ‘ Voyage to Madagascar,’

Rodriguezia caloplectron, 128; Le-

eana, 255; Lehmanni, 158; lu-
“see 218
Flora of Upper

Rogers, W. M.,
ime, 16, 37, 101, 132; Ranun-
rmedius in S. Devon

culus

214; Vicia Orobus ted Cicendia
filiformis, 315, 348; E. Cornwall
Plants, 347

Sa "E. a Carruthersia and

0
S Abeeaticn 851; scopulorum,
‘351; stylosa, 219

Royal Irish Academy grants, 224
Rubi, new Irish, 52; of Somerset,

tgs fee 248 ; Leesii, 255, 320
Rum

maritimus in Middlesex, 875

rea a Berkeleyi, 255

Sa

aponarl rrugata,

Sarcanthin belophorus, 320
Deari, 255

lant, 158,
Schismatoclada, 95
Scilla livida,
Scleroca rpus Kerberi, 287
‘Sclerotia’ of A. S. Wilson, 370
Selaginez, ae
Selaginella, synopsis of, 1, 42, 80,

141, 210, 240, 332; aca nt tho-
*

tralionsis, 1443; azorica,* =
bre

81; Barklyi, 80;

INDEX. -

caulis,* a Sei gi ;

vipes,* 99; Bre 241; pores
tosa, ‘eg ealotie, 249: caud-
orhiza, * 2115 edrifolia, 82;

mmersoniana, 144; concinna,
211; cryptogxa,* 98; cupressina,
212; defiexa, 210; de lic —
84; dence ta, "45 ; denu dat

333 ; i*, Be
ke ch 211; pss 244;
Gardneri, 244; Goudotiana, 210;
gua stem slenais, 243; guyanensis,
243; helvetic 46; Hom alie,

; Junge
eect: _— Lindbergii,* 99;
Li ii Sree poi geel 241;
longissime, 3384; Mariesii,* 44;

n
46; ovalis,* 142; urensis,*
97; patula, 141; vlatybania,? 242 ;
plumosa, 144; polycephala,* 332;
Preissiana, 43; producta,* 243 ;

> ?
Seem micordata,
is serpens, 99; rertata, 142;
maliensis,* 82; spin
ginsegiezata,* 334 ; ibctiptiate,
33; surculosa, 211: stolonifera,
336; tarapotensis,* 98; tenuis-
sima, 84; trifurcata,* 98; trun-
cata, 241; proners eons, 83; uli-
ginos a, 48; uncinata, 143; vagi-
2. -

Selago, new species of, 320

Senecio, new ore of, 351, 878;
umatranu

gored . "G., "Pall of branchlets

+o
Sibree’s ' Great gs Island,’ 125
Sidalcea calycosa,
Sigmatostalix sciiciiens 320
Silangea
Silene Tachtensis, 189
Sisymbrium acuticarpum
Sloane ee 12, oe
Socotra Plants, 377

INDEX.

Sorbus fallacina, nt 9
Sorosporium li, 93
Spheria, do cbéfal species of, 139
Riherete and allies, 67, es 136;
albocrustata, 68; Armor we, 138;
apaisiiaeitan 139; Souation.” 106;
asarifolia, 1388; ’Astragali, 136:
i. 69; settee 136
ectorum, 137; carici icola, 137;
Chionanthi ge sneeies ens, 69;
colorata, medans, "69:
cornifolia, ios; Cueurbitacearam,
ae dendroides, depressa,
1387; Drimydis, 109; Shouts
69; effigurata, 107; epitaphra,
137; epintrom, 137; morpha,
137: f uginea, 68; foe i

70 ; vee 109 ; helonise-

137;
ee 136; lenticula,*
eucothoe 70 Liriodendri,*
ioe: Ma sans oli , 69: ape rs
138 ; Melaleuce,* 70;
pancta, 136; Muhlenbergi, 138;

1 Pla or ae ae
139; vlntanifotia,® 106; Pod
106 ; Polygonati, 70
polygonorum, 71; Prini,* 106;
Rhododendri, ‘. 108; stigmatodes,
68; succinea, 106; Taxodi,” 1065
therophila, 70
swe ype Torreyanum in Eng-

con 25

Spire ee a, 379
Spiranthes caphibetie,
Spru ‘ Ce phalozia’ yee ), 183

Stigmatea Nicholso
Stipa crinita, 190; ta rk 380
oe dimorphotrichus,”

eortivl of the Fittest, 271
éarnds ‘Europaischen Characeen,’
5

shies ches adenopus,* 322; Itati-
285
Bastiaans intricata in Britain, 281
Tacsonia hederacea, 128; infundi-
bularis,* 34

391
Tanacetum Capusi, 379; John-
tonii*, 1

Pestioulaga Leesize, 287

pita ova m, 95

Thel ye "neglectum, 286

Thurnia, 126

Thvese deat Pinkertoni, 288

— ella prolifera in Lincolnshire,

Tonks ‘General os e Botanical
Magazine’ (rev.), 24

Towndr dey Woveuiiecahiies
Plants, 154, ‘214

Townsend, F. »Gnaphalium dioicum

in Ha nts, 341; his ‘ Flora of
Hamps shire’ sirer. ), 120
Toxanth

Trametes se Bo 852
Trautvetter on Russian Beg re
Trematodon ambiguus in Bri

314
Treutlera, 126,
a Son rhs ahteabis: 93

opilia Kienastiana, 288
nfolera, new species of, 191

Trimen, H., Cinchona Ledgeriana,

eral a.

is randegei, 254
Techudya Pikeoryia , 287
Tulipa cruciata, 218; “Hlweeii, 218;

macrospeila, 255

Umbilicus ge ice 379
Ustilago Vilfe,
oo te aiaants of, 246,

Vanilla Pfaviana, 288

Verruca re canella, 127

Viburn » Bal
Vilmorin’s s ‘ Plantes Potageres,’ 125
Vincetoxicum, etymology of, 153
Viola Willkommii, 92

Voacanga, 201

Walker, T., Dasya venusta in Bri-
tain, 52; Bournemouth Alge,

Waller, A., Carex muricata, var.
pseudo-divulsa in Worcestershire,

Ward, H. M., elected Fellow of

892 INDEX.

Watson’s (S.) ‘ Contributions,’ 519 Willeya,
Wawra’s ‘Itinera’ (rev.), 28 Wilson’s 76 es _— 370
Woodward, 5S. P.,

Xerophyta spinulosa, 320

282
White, J. W., Glou berieae
Aliens, 86; Sussex Plantes, 827 Zanthoxylum texanum, 351
o~ aee J -, New British Plants, Zygopetalum forcipatum, 320

ERRATA.
Page 63 line 7 from iis for * ‘* Hégeoise,” weed ‘ Liégeoise.”’
” 12 for “‘ Syngen enerie, ead ‘‘ Syngenesie.”
124 3 oa jor ‘* viscosum,’ ae * pumilum.’
i 6 be jor a usillam,” Ades . pumilum.” si
‘ nu MOS |, Pale Now ead ‘* Norm

Sor Martius,” read * Mart
153 26, ee name Mai” should be placed aie ‘“‘Cardinal” in the
line.
190 8 trout bottom, for ‘ cena read *
216 =15 from es and elsewhe re, for “Hank, we aoa od Hal “3
a for * Rtz. o read ‘*

for * Bi
293 bottom line, for “next,” read “
uy e 10 from bottom, for ‘ Galinia,” read “ Gahnia.”
not.”

gag 20, for ‘‘ been,” read *

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