5» THE TRANSACTIONS ae OF THE LINNEAN SOCIETY OF LONDON. VOLUME VIII. PRINTED BY “RICHARD TAYLOR AND CO., SHOE-LANE, FLEET-STREET. SOLD AT THE SOCIETY'S HOUSE, NO. 9, GERARD-STREET, SOHO; : AND BY JOHN WHITE, FLEET-STREET. — NA D oe MDCCCVII. MISSOURI | Š BOTANICAL s “CONTENTE I. Osszavartons on the Perigynous Insertion of the Stamina of Plants. By Richard Anthony Salisbury, Esq. FR-S. VPLS. E - - 2» DC I E 7 rd : en e i cca ll IIl. A eccrine Catalogue of the British Testacea. By William George Maton, M.D. V.P.L.S., &c. and the Reverend Thomas Ré See ey Fe. pP. III. Some Account of the Pit dad, in two Lette The ef Obseroations ty A M Hatchett IV. Description of a a [o5 Species of Lichen. By Dawson Turner, Esq. F RS AS:ad LS. o- - p. £60 V. Account vi : CONTENTS. V. Account of crystallized Oxalic Acid produced from the Boletus sulphureus. By Robert Scott, M.D. of Dublin. Communicated by Dawson Turner, Esq. F.R.S. A.S. and L.S. - - - - =< VI. Observations respecting a Species of Phalarope, and some other rare British Birds. By Mr. T. W. Simmonds. Communicated by Adrian Hardy Haworth, Esq. -ELS - i Se a - p- VII. An Account of some remarkable Shells, found in Cavities. of a calcareous Stone called by the Stone-masons Ply- mouth-rag. By William George Maton, M.D. V.P.L.S. — $c, and the Rev. Thomas Rackett, A.M. F.L.S. 4c. With some additional. Observations relative to the My- tilus lithophagus, by. Mr. J ames Sowerby, F.L, S. ps VIII. l Account ep the Tonus triflorus of oo gis. in a Let- ter to Alexander M‘Leay, Esq. Sec. L.S. By James . Edward Smith, AED, F.R. S. PLS ues IX. Description of a Spids of Jerboa found in the upper Provinces of Hindustan, between Benares and gue RÀ s ! By Lieut. Col. Thomas Hardwicke, F.L.S. ^ -' p. med | 3 oe X. Characters of Three New Species of Boronia. By James Edward Smith; M.D. FERS: P.L.S. MeL acp 262 264, 270 276 219 282 XI. 4n CONTENTS. XI. An Account of a Storm of Salt, which fell in January, 1808. By Richard Anthony Salisbury, Esq. F.R.S. and L.S. B - - - - p- XI. Description of Seven New Species of Plants from — New Holland. By Edward Rudge, Esq. F.R.S. and L.S. - - - z £ p. XIII. Observations on the Genera of Trollius, Eranthis, Hel- leborus, Coptis, and Isopyrum. By Richard Anthony Salisbury, Esq. F.R.S. and L.S. - - p- XIV. The Characters of several Genera in the Natural Order of Conifere: with Remarks on their Stigmata and Cotyledons. By Richard opos Salisbury, Esq. F.R.S. and L.S. - - E - p- XV. Description of a New Species of Macropus from New Holland. By Aylmer Bourke Lambert, Esq. F.R.S. V.P.L.S. - - m I P XVI. Experiments upon a Substance called Dapéche from — South America. By William Allen, E. : L. S, — p. XVII. aan: of a New British Species, of Caltha. By Thomas Furly Forster, B PLS - - p. XVIII. Description of a New Genus in the Natural Order of Rubiacee, called R udgea. By Richard Anthony Salisbury, Esq. F.R.S. and L.S. — - - p. vill 286 291 300 308 318 320 323 325 XIX. 4 Neo Society, continued — the Society's Trans- £s : 3 Page 313 of Vol. VII. o E 3 ; : A d Lu X "TRANSACTIONS LINNEAN SOCIETY. £ I. Observations on the Perigynous Ingo of the Stamina of Plants. By Richard Anthony Salisbuby, Esq. F.R.S. V. P. L.S. Read March ¥5, 1803. ha following Observations bayo been hastily ‘committed to paper, to excite the attention of those Botanists, whom I might have the honour of addressing this evening, to a very important branch of their favourite science; namely, that insertion of the Stamina which the celebrated Jussieu has denominated Perigy- nous: for I lament that as yet I have not met with one of our own countrymen, who had ever thought about tbe subject at all. I presume that this perigynous insertion is entirely factitious, or in other words, which you will all comprehend whether you have read Jussieu’s book or not, that there is no instance W i the whole Vegetable Kingdom, of Stamina being inserted in the . Calyx. Nor is this mere logomachia, or a cavil respecting terms : for, if my ideas be true, the difficulty of distinguishing Calyx . from Corolla will rarely occur, and the designation of each of those parts correspond more exactly with its real office and im- portance in the Vegetable Economy. : VOL. VIII. c cn : Who 2 Mr. Sauiseury on the Perigynous. Insertion Who would not be astonished to find among Quadrupeds, any Genus with Testiculi originating in the Praputium! Yet among Vegetables, Stamina proceeding from the Calyx appear to me equally unnatural. ‘The first ideas which we gain on any subject, = whether correct or incorrect, attach with such force, that it is no easy business to dismiss them afterwards : moreover, very few will be at the trouble of examining for themselves, or so unpo- pular as not to adopt the fashions of the day. For, unfortu- nately, there are fashions in science, as well as in dress: but the Laws of Nature, founded by Infinite Wisdom, I believe like Truth itself to be immutable, and the Motto which we have lately adopted who belong to this Society, will not allow us to deceive ourselves or others respecting them. By exposing this pretended perigy- nous insertion indeed, many of the Classes, and some of the Orders. in the French arrangement must be given up; but the Genera themselves will come in more conformably to their Natural Afli- nities, and often as Jussiew himself hints in his Notes. I was anxious to have gone to Paris in the autumn, to have stated this, and many other botanical dubia, with the greatest deference ec that great man: “ Lubuit enim integros adire fontes atque haurire? but Time flies rapidly unless seized by the forelock, and I know not when I can spare a month again. Till so wished-for an Occasion, therefore, presents itself, I must be content with such assistance as I can gain at home. "That comet-like genius Correa de Serres, who is now in the perihelion of Paris, long ago. told. me that Corolla-vegularis and irregularis would be, found in every Natural Family, and [have reason to think the same may be said . of Germen inferum amd superum. Having examined a great many flowers to verify that supposition, I could not avoid at- . tending also to the insertion of their several- parts: this I have constantly found to be in one common point, more or less con- spicuous of the Stamina of Plants. 3 spicuous indeed, yet generally so distinct as to merit, both from its appearance and the dignity of its office, a particular name: for, in this common point I suspect all the necessary changes in the vessels to produce the various parts of the flower and fruit first begin. I have long called it Torus, to distinguish it from the Receptaculum of Aggregate and Syngenesious flowers: the real structure of the latter I have yet to learn, but Aggregate flowers appear to me nothing more than a close mode of Inflorescentia. Adanson has the merit of having first described this common point of insertion by the name of Diske. The period at which he publish- ed his book, was particularly unfavourable to the stud y of Natural Families, few having been thenlearned enough in Botany to under- stand it, and those few who might have understood it, disgusted by the uncouth spelling, barbarous names, and sharp attacks on the Sexual. System then sbining forth in all its glory. I am also. ashamed to own, that for many years I never looked into the Fa- milles des Plantes, regarding them with the same contempt as our President has thrown upon them in his preliminary Discourse printed in the first volume of our Transactions. The solid infor- mation they contain, however, has since taught me to think very differently; and the honest and patient labourer in the mine of Natural History, may always have this satisfaction, that the value. of what he discovers, will, at one period or another, be fully appre- ciated and understood.: In hopes of meeting. with so. nething re- specting this mmon n Point of Insertion, I haye jus read Mirbel's Traité: d'Ana Phy: ot But. he says. little more than that it is a pant ks the Calyx x, and is totally silent as to its connecting the different parts of the flower: this is the more . wonderful, as he must have dissected did of the flowers shies I shall presently have occasion to mention. Uds EE d» distinguishing the Calyx and Corolla, he is far ı more € explicit, BQ and 4 - 4 Mr. SauisBury on the Perigynous Insertion and very clearly proves the inconsistency of the notion, that in the whole tribe of Monocotyledones, what we vulgarly call the Flower is a true Calyx: indeed I nearly agree with Mirbel re- specting these two parts, though sal conclusions are drawn from very different premises. : As the insertion of the Stamina appears to me of so much con- sequence in putting an end to all our doubts, previously to men- tioning the most striking instances I have met with, I must tres- pass upon your time and attention, while I briefly state the opi- nions that have hitherto prevailed respecting Calyx and Corolla. With the immortal Linnés doctrine, that the Calyx is a conti- nuation of the outer, and the Corolla of the inner bark, we are here all perfectly acquainted; and that in some plants which have only one of the above-mentioned integuments, he thought it of so little moment, by which of those titles the part was described, that he says “ Corolla (vel si mavis) Calyx.” In his golden legacy, the Philosophia Botanica, he observes, ** Limites ** inter calycem et corollam absolutos, naturam non posuisse, patet ex * Daphnide, ubi connata ambo et margine unita veluti folium Buzi.” This however is not the case in all the species of that genus: stronger instances of one running gradually into the other, may be seen in Delphinium, Ranunculus, Nymphea, Castalia, and Mag- nolia ; notwithstanding which I have not the smallest doubt of their being perfectly distinct organs, and performing totally dif- ferent functions. For, similar arguments might be produced to .confound all the ‘other parts of the flower: in some species of Erica, the upper leaves change insensibly into Bractez: in the common Holly, the Pedunculus itself becomes soft and of a fine scarlet colour like the fruit: in Crategus the Calyx is frequently persistent and pulpy like the Pericarpium : in Zllicium Floridanum, m Petals insensibly grow narrower and so like the filaments, that : they of the Stamina of Plants. 5 they can only be distinguished by having no Antherw: nay in Canna, we have even an instance of the male parts of the flower passing into the female, where the innermost lacinia of the Co- rolla to which the Anthera is attached, always coalesces more or less, so as to form one and the same lamina with the dilated pe- taloid Style. Jussieu adopts the Linnzean definitions of Calyx and Corolla somewhat amplified ; but in his practice, if I may use a vulgar expression, he does not stick to his text. He says, * Calyx integumentum floris exterius, est corticosa pedunculi floralis * productio. Corolla, interius tegumen, pedunculi libro non epider- . * midi continuum, non persistens, sed cum staminibus plerumque deci- * duum fructum involvit aut coronat, nunquam cum ipso concrescens, ** et suas partes cum staminibus numero equalibus sepius alternans.” He then quotes Narcissus as an example of an integument, which growing to the fruit with stamina opposed to its div. » must consequently be a true Calyx. Here I think that consummate Botanist mistaken : for, the Spatha appears to me the first expan- sion, of what has been hitherto erroneously called Epidermis, and to supply the place of a more perfect Calyx in that Natural Fa- mily : nor can I see that the integument is joined to the Pericar- pium in a different way from that of many other truly epigynous flowers among the Dicotyledones: lastly, what weighs with me more than every other consideration is the affinity of the part in question to the Stamina, a character the importance. of which Jussieu owns in gizong te terms ; ; “ Corolle magna cum staminibus cog- natio" is his expression. I was glad | to find these sentiments cor- roborated by Mirbel, x runs ; into the other extreme however; for he says, that as the Calyx is a continuation of the bark, and that many of the Monocotyledones have no bark at all, in those genera which have only a single integument it must necessarily be: Corolla. He also proposes that the integument of all flowers, whether 6 Mr. SArisBUnRY on the Perigynous Insertion whether it be one or two, should in future be described by the common name of Perianthium, including both Calyx and Corolla under that appellation. Ventenat in the Magasin Encycl. lre année, tome xi. gives as an essential characteristic of the Corolla its Trachee or spiral vessels : but to say nothing of the practical dif- ficulties attending such a distinction, they have since been found not only in some true and legitimate Calyces, but even in the Brac- tee of Strelitzia by Mr. Bauer; from whose observation as well as my own I am quite convinced that they are not the common tubular vessels of the plant in a state of decay, as Mirbel sup- poses. Adanson noticed these T? ache in his Familles des Plantes Jong before Ventenat, quoting the original observer, Saussure. 1 believe I have now mentioned all the opinions hitherto promul- gated on this subject, none of which have ever appeared quite satisfactory to me: for, the overpowering similarity between many Monocotyledonous and Dicotyledonous flowers forcibly with- holds me from distinguishing them whilst the widely different organization of their Stems totally -overturns the Linnean hypothesis of the Corolla being invariably a continuation of the Liber or inner bark. In this difficulty I have.no guide but analogy to lead my dim and imperfect re- searches after the truth: yet it is from pure analogy, that we dare to entertain some of the most sublime opinions; for, what astronomer doubts of the numerous stars before him being inha- bited ? .1 therefore consider all the different parts of the flower as proceeding: from animals have one common origin under the Venter.’ Of these parts, the Calyx, or oiftet cover, answers pretty nearly to the Pre- putiun and Labia Pudendi, being like them continuous with the exterior muscles of the whole. individual: the Corolla, or. inner cover, seems to have no less analogy w ith the two next. important parts into two sorts with Jussieu, one common point just as the. Genitalia of V. ear, Imre of the Stamina of Plants. 1 parts in animals, the G/ans Penis and Clitoris, being like them flaccid and evanescent when the business of impregnation is over: for from above 500 experiments, made by carefully taking away the Corolla while the flower was very young, I have kaad its presence to be of more importance than has been usually sup- posed. The remaining similarities are so obvious, and so empha- - tically described by our great master in his Sponsalia Plantarum, that I need not recall them to your memory. I would therefore define the Calyx, Involucrum floris exterius, herbe plerumque colore et substantid consimile, toro insertum, staminibus semper discretum : and the Corolla, Involucrum floris interius, herbe plerumque colore et substantià dispar, toro insertum, staminibus vel conjunctum vel in eodem puncto ortum. In the last definition I. have entirely omitted the situation of the Stamina as being alternate with the divisions of the Corolla, this distinction proving. too inconstant for a pri- mary character; a far more certain one is obtained by referring to their conjunction with it and joint termination. ‘The Gals being thus reduced within its natural limits, and the Receptacle brought forward to its long-neglected rights and honours among the other parts of the flower, the difficult and ambiguous Inser- tions, which Jussiew has stated with so much candour and inte- grity, vanish ; and all the Natural Orders which agree in that re- spect may be arranged in one continued series. Moreover, when only one Involucrum is present, and the common analogi colour, figure and consistence fail, far less, i: ifficulty will occur in determining it: thus in Profee, which have the Stamina | inserted near the top of the Involucrum, it. is indubitably a true Corolla; while in Atriplices which have the stamina inserted in — the receptacle, it is as surely a true Calyx, exactly corresponding with that of Amaranthi; in fact, Atriplices and Amaranthi are only divisions of one and the same Natural Order. It now only | remains 8 Mr. Sautsspury on the Perigynous Insertion remains for me this evening to go through the Perigynous Genera of Jussieu, pointing out what I conceive to be their real inser- tion: but as English Botanists may be too justly reproached with neglecting the study of his Orders, on some future occasion I hope to lay before you the result of my meditations on the Mo- nocotyledones, to which I devoted the evenings of last winter: the Dicotyledones being far more numerous, and containing be- tween two and three hundred genera, that I have never yet even looked at, will take me a much longer time. The Palms are the first Perigynous Order: of these I have exa- ` mined three genera living, and from the different dried specimens in Sir Joseph Bankss Herbarium, and the excellent drawings in the Coromandel Plants, I have no doubt that the Stamina of the whole Order are inserted in a distinct hypogynous receptacle. Jussieu indeed hesitates and says after ** imis laciniis calycinis, (an potius glanduloso corpori hypogyno?") From their affinity with Grasses, especially Juncus, one would at first conclude their Invo- lucrum to be a Calyx; but their Spathz and Bractez are the _parts analogous to the Glume of Grasses, and some genera have evidently a true monopetalous Corolla. The Palms come nearer to the Aroidee than Asparagi in a Natural Series, and may now be placed next to them: no one who compares the figures of Borassus and Cocos in the Coromandel Plants, with Aponogeton and Pothos, will doubt about this; and the germination of the last genus, . which I have repeatedly raised from seeds, still further confirms it. Asparagi, the second Perigynous Order, have their stamina likewise inserted either in the Corolla, or a distinct hypogynous receptacle: the fragrant Lily of theValley and Alstroemeria, which certainly belongs to this Order, are examples I would offer for your examination. Junci, the third Perigynous Order, will in all probability be greatly altered in the next edition of Jussieu's Genera. “ of the Stamina of Plants. 9 Genera. Eriocaulon, the first genus, I yet know little about ; but when Mr. Brown returns, he will inform us. I guess it is al- lied to Scirpus and Schenus, or perhaps comes still nearer to Typha. Restio and Juncus have no affinity at all with the other genera of this section : their Stamina are completely hypogynous, and they must be placed after their near relations the Grasses. Xyris isa very curious genus, and possibly a true Iridéa, though not for the Reason which Jussieu gives, its beingtriandrous: but the Filaments are inserted in the same part of the Corolla, which twists up when it decays as in some of the lridee, so that it merely differs in having Germen superum. Before I could reconcile myself to . Germen superum and inferum being found in the same Family, I had placed it near Tradescantia. Aphyllanthes has given me more trouble than any genus in all the Monocotyledones : the Sta- mina are inserted in the Corolla, and I believe it will come in at the end of Bromelze. Rapatea (Mnasium. of Schreber) must cer- tainly join the same order after Tillandsia. Mayaca (Syena of Schreber) belongs to a distinct order which I would call, after the largest and most known genus in it, Tradescantée; making the termination always in ze long, rather than the hated and pompous - oidée : thus all confusion, either in writing or speaking of the genus which gives a name to the Order, in the plural number, is avoided: this Order of Tradescantze will contain Pontederia, Hapalanthus, Commelina, Callisia, Tradescantia, and Conda of the Hindoos, all which genera have stamina hypog yna. Pollia must migrate to the Asparagi 4, as Jussieu supp "The third section of J unci constitutes another very scient acit is which we all know well, the Tripetaloidee of Linné : in these the Stamina are so very evidently placed on a large hypogynous receptacle, that. hi am totally at a loss to account for Jussieus making them perigy- | nous. Of the genera in the fourth section of Junci, Cabomba 2¥Oby- VIII. c | ( Nectri TE 10 Mr. SarisaURY on the Perigynous Insertion (Nectris of Schreber) belongs also to the Tripetaloidee : Scheuch- zeria and Triglochin, in natural affinity, must I believe join Zan- nichellia, Potamogeton, Ruppia, and Zostera, after the rums; and the remainder are a separate order of themselves, the Vera- tree. In this order of Veratrée, the Stamina are inserted in the Corolla : it will include besides Colchicum, which has not the least immediate affinity to Crocus, Bulbocodium, Tulipa, Melan- thium, Bathuna, and Wurmbea. Lilia, the fourth perigynous order, as they now stand, contains Tulipa just mentioned, then Erythronium, Gloriosa, and Uvularia, which all belong to Aspa- ragée ; and lastly Fritillaria, Imperialis, Lilium, and Yucca. As many of these genera will soon be in flower, my opinion that their Stamina are inserted in a true legitimate corolla, exactly analogous to the most perfect among the Dicotyledones, can be easily examined. In all the remaining Perigynous Orders, Brome- lea, Asphodeli, Narcissi, and Irides, the Insertion of the stamina is likewise so very plain, that it is only necessary to refer you to the plants themselves : indeed they have only been placed in this Class by Jussieu, because he considers the Involucrum of all -~ Monocotyledones, as a Calyx and not a Corolla. The affinities of some few of the genera, however, may perhaps be deemed - worthy of arresting your attention for a few momentslonger. Phor- mium, the New Zealand Flaz plant, I have little doubt, belongs to Bromelée: as it is now in most of our collections, and has produced flowers in this country, I trust ere long to see them brought to this "table: from Miller's figure they appear. similar to these of Pitcairnia; but its tough rigid. leaves, and peculiar ; meally pubescence, first gave me the idea of its real place in the great chain of nature. Gethyllis has not the Habit of Crocus when more carefülly inspected, but rather that of Curculigo and | pem with which it must be p Tulbaghia used to be ss common - ef the Stamina of Plants. 11 common in our collections, and I wish that any Botanist who meets with it would attend to it: I place it now after Allium, but for no good reason; the stamina are inserted in the Corolla, which has a double Limbus. Tacca puzzles me extremely : is it really monocotyledonous : ? if so, it comes nearer to Dioscorea than any genus I know. Polyanthes, I think, belongs to the same order with Hemerocallis cordifolia and cerulea of our gardens, which are no Hemerocallides, but a distinct genus: shall we name them Saussurea? for their spiral vessels are very beautiful. Xiphidium appears to me very near, if not the very same genus with Wach- endorfia: I remember seeing it at Sion House: it is particularly tender, and in this country flowers imperfectly about Christmas +- this plant, with Dilatris, Hemodorum of.our President, Argolasia, Anigozanthus of Billardiere, Philydrum, and Wachendorfia, .form an easy and distinct pordon, Ebisch. should, be „placed before the . Veratréa. | The fifth and sixth vmm of rre ante the Dicotyle- dones: the latter of these is entirely composed of what he thinks Apetalous Plants, and consequently, whenever the Stamina are in- serted in the Involucrum, he calls them Perigynous. I have already - observed, however, that if there be a great similarity in the sub- . stance of the Involucrum and the Filaments, it should rather be considered a Corolla: and we shall find that this is not only the case in all the genera of this class, but that some of them have bo: haCalyx and Corolla, of which Quinchamaliun the second genus of the first order is a remarkable instance. Hippophae among the Eleagni, seems to me to be a real Diclinis, and I should guess it ought rather to go near to the Atriplices: I have not . yet examined the fruit, but. according to Gertner it has germen superum. Daphne Laureola is now in flower; and though the Involucrum in this species is green, the Filaments run down it, c2 | ames and 12 Mr. Sauispury on the Perigynous Insertion and it falls off soon, without any of the usual characters of a Calyx: the Torus in this species is very conspicuous, for which reason I mention it. The third Order contains the Protege, which, as has been ¿said before, have undoubtedly a true corolla: there are about eight Genera in this Order not yet distinguished by Jus- sieu. Laurus in the fourth Order appears to me also to have a legitimate corolla: the stamina at any rate are inserted in the Torus, so that it must be placed among the Hypogynous genera. The fifth Perigynous Order of Polygonze is so common in all gardens, fields, and road sides, that it will be a very easy busi- ness for any one to satisfy himself that their stamina are not in- serted in the Involucrum ; and therefore whether it be a calyx or corolla is no matter, they must be hypogynous. The same holds good with the sixth Order of Atriplices, only that the Torus is often so much larger, that there cannot remain the least shadow of doubt respecting the Insertion : in Rivina Dodecandra particu- larly, the Stamina are ranged upon the receptacle in three dif- ferent rows, one above the other. The ninth Class contains ge- nera with Perigynous Corollas, not Stamina ; that is, the Corolla inserted in the Calyx: the same powerful objection remains to be brought against this distinction, namely that it is not founded in Truth, the Corolla being really inserted in the receptacle; nay in most of the Genera, it is quite separate at the base both from the Calyx and Stamina, as in Kalmia, Rhododendron, Aza- lea, Ledum, Itea, Erica, Calluna, Salaris, Andromeda, Vaccinium, Menziesia, Clethra, Pyrola: this order I have particularly stu- died, and here again we have an instance of Germen superum and inferum in the same Family. The fourth order of Campa- nulée closes this class, and in every species I have yet examined there is a flat receptacle covering the disk of the germen, in which both Calyx and Corolla originate. We come now to the Eus fourteenth sa gpl Leet es a ean A EE à ; . re th lk ba Sige ck RERUM Errat ^ Xd E wey EE c n RCRUM AP OIN NES ee ea ae of the Stamina of Plants. | 13 fourteenth class of Jussieu, containing no less than thirteen large Orders; and among them the Calycanthemi of Linné, which have ever been considered by all Botanists as perigynous. It is with no little diffidence, therefore, that I venture publicly to contradict this generally received opinion, the absurdities and inconsisten- cies of which however are so glaring, that I think, when they are demonstrated, it will be given up. Nor is it very wonderful that so false a conception, which I imagine first originated from Tour- nefort's quaint expression of “ Calyx in fructum abiens," should have been held universally: for till Jussiews book actually forced Botanists to open their eyes a little wider than they had been accustomed, nobody ever thought of scrutinizing the connection of the different parts of the flower any further than was necessary to find its place in the Linnean System. Most . commonly the part taken by authors for Calyx is in fact a very magnificent receptacle, upón which the real Calyx as well as all the other parts of the flower are inserted: and this whether the Pericarpium be inferum as in Pyrus, apparently inferum as in Rosa, or superum as in Prunus. The best and shortest way of explaining my sentiments will be to describe the Insertion in. one genus of each Order. Sempervivum stands first, and whoever will give himself the trouble of looking at it, will find the Calyx, Corolla, and Stamina all inserted on a shallow cotyliform body, which is likewise covered with Honey: that this receptacle is completely. distinct from the Calyx, appears from its remain- ing in full vigour after the Calyx, Corolla, and Filaments are withered. Sarifraga in the next Order is a very useful genus to- study on this head, for in some species the Germen is inferum, in others only semi-inferum, in others again quite superum ; yet in every species, the Calyx, Corolla, and Stamina proceed from a thick callous margin, which is persistent. Cactus in the third Order I . has 14 Mr. SarisauRY on the Perigynous Insertion has a flower which we all know very well; but so far from allow- ing this to be Perigynous, I cannot find that it has any Calyx at — all: its Stamina are exceedingly numerous, and gradually coalesce with the Petals into a thick Neck (I would hardly call it Tube) just as in Camellia. Ribes placed in this Order at present surely belongs to Sazifrage : compare the flowers of the com- mon Currant with Chrysosplenium or Adora: but the serratures and callosities of the Herba in the Gooseberry first indicated to me its affinity. Portulaca in the fourth Order has only a 2-phyl- lous Calyx, in which there is not the smallest room for the five Petals to be crammed: the whole Pedunculus in this genus might with equal propriety be termed Calyx as its Torus, Me- _ sembryanthemum in the fifth Order as to insertion exactly resem- bles Cactus, but this genus has a regular quinquefid Calyx. Oeno- thera and Epilobium are very common examples of the 6th Order: their receptaculum is so very long and remarkable, that it never fails to strike a beginner in Botany: at least many of my young friends have not only hesitated but thought it impossible that a Master in the science could call this part Calyx: nor are the ob- jections of a sensible Scholar always to be despised, for he comes unprejudiced on the subject, and sees the Works of Nature as they really are. The beautiful Myrti constitute the seventh assemblage of Perigynous Corollas: in no order is their real in- sertion more necessary to be understood than this; for the essen- tial characters of the Genera often depend upon it solely. Lep- tospermum and Philadelphus are two instances whichI shallnot easily forget: when the former genus was first discovered in New Zea- land by Sir Joseph Banks and Dr. Solander, they had no doubt from its habitus, that it was a new genus; but upon comparing it with the Linnean characters of Philadelphus, it answered so exactly that they hesitated. Forster afterwards was less scrupu- lous, * of the Stamina of Plants. 15 lous, but he only cut the Knot, for his character is good for no- thing. Some time after the publication of his work, Sir Joseph . Banks brought me specimens of Leptospermum and Philadelphus in fruit from Kew, desiring me to show him any difference: this [could not do. Being well persuaded; however, that two such dissimilar plants could not belong to one genus, the following spring I forced the dwarf variety of Philadelphus, and compared them when in flower: all difficulty immediately ceased; for I saw that in Leptospermum the Calyx and the Corolla were alter- nately inserted by a very short Unguis in the same line of the Receptaculum; but in PAiladelphus the Calyx has a broad dilat- . ed base, so as completely to include the Corolla, which is insert- ed in a separate line nearer the Pistillum: these differences, now that we know them, may always be observed, even in the fruit ; for the scars where the Calyx and Corolla were attached remain, affording another proof that the part underneath cannot possibly bea Calyx. Melastoma in the eighth Order perhaps alone consti- tutes a Natural Family; but as it is a Tropical genus, we can scarcely expect to see it well divided in our days: in one species from Jamaica, which flowered with me at Chapel-Allerton, there was no Calyx whatever, but in place of it, a very narrow line similar to what is left in Eucalyptus after its Involucrum falls off. Lagerstremia in the ninth Order has a very peculiar Insertion, like nothing I now recollect but that of Sophora tetraptera : in both these genera the receptacle is very large and hollow, and the scars of all the various parts inserted in it remain very deep and conspicuous. The tenth Perigynous Order contains under | the name of Rosacee eight sections: in the first, our common Cherry and Apple Blossom, though generally passed over by Bo- tanists, afford incontrovertible proofs of the presence of a re-, ceptacle distinct from the Calyx, as well as Fragaria, Potentilla, Comarum, 16 On the Perigynous Insertion of the Stamina of Plants. Comarum, Geum, and Rubus: Rosa of all others stands conspi-. cuous in this respect, its receptacle, vulgarly called Hip with us, being very similar to that of Ficus. In the eleventh Order of Leguminosae, this part is again of primary importance, and in no genus more so, than the vast Mimosa, which will, I suspect, be - most naturally subdivided by attending to its receptacle : ] know three species atleast, in each of which its structure is very differ- rent. In Cassia the Receptacle is remarkable and persistent, whereas the real Calyx is deciduous. In Trifolium it varies most beautifully, and the numerous Papilionacee, from Port Jackson, will possibly be better discriminated by it. j In the two last Orders of Perigynous Corollas, Terebintacee . and RAamni, I scarcely yet know a genus except Cneorum : this has most clearly both Petala and Stamina hypogyna quite sepa- rate from the Calyx. Jer has its Petals equally distinct from the Calyx, and cohering slightly at the base with each other. Phylica Y think belongs to a very different order: its whole fruc- tification is singular, and I know no genus that approaches it but - — Penaa: in both I suspect the real Calyx is inferus and 2-phyllous. . I have thus, Gentlemen, endeavoured to point out, what I . conceive to be a false notion which has misled the very first Bo- tanist now living, respecting the insertion of the Stamina in so | great a number oe Natural S I fear that I have tired you, “ornari enim res ipsa negat :” but I see many around me whose ; abilities to decide upon far more abstruse and difficult t point in (1.9 H.-A Descriptive Catalogue of the British Testacea. By William George Maton, M. D. V.P.L.S., $c. and the Reverend Thomas Rackett, M. A. F.L.S., 4c. Read January 17, 1804. Bzrosz we proceed to the more immediate objects of this paper, it may be proper to advert to the plan by which we have been guided in endeavouring to render it acceptable to the scientific naturalist. After the sentiments which we expressed on a former occa- sion *, it is almost unnecessary here. to remark, that we. have dose adhered to the Linnzan system and mode of description, all the species which it falls within our province to enumerate appearing to be reducible under Linnzus's genera, as constituted in the twelfth edition of the Systema Nature, and retained by Professor Gmelin. We are aware that some late writers of repute have divided the genus Lepas, forming out of it another which they have called Balanus ; and that they have separated from Ostrea all the pecti- nated species, affixing to them different characters, under the ge- . neric denomi: tion of Kern, æ th hor, by whose re- searches we e have be een largely assisted, and | taceologists in general ar are menty nee has in like man- ner divided the genus Serpula into two}. To our minds, however, : there are feasons why the original genera should remain unal- * Linn. Trans. vol. vi. p. 178. T Testacea Britannica, vol. ii. p. 517. VOL. VIII. D 3 U^ i red, 18 Dr. Maton’s and Mr. Racxert’s tered, and we have ventured to state those reasons in the proper places. With regard: to- some of the terms employed by Lin- nus (especially in the description of the genus Venus) altera- tions seem necessary, on the grounds adverted to at some length in a former paper *. : In the synonyms, and references, it has been our most sedu- lous endeavour not to. mislead, either by transcribing upon trust from other authors, or by quoting such as are ambiguous, or im- perfect. The excellent descriptions. given by Linnzus, in his Museum Ludovice Ulrice Regine, we have, in most instances, ex~ tracted entire; and these extracts, it is hoped, will be the more useful, as that work, on account of its scarcity, cannot very generally be had recourse to, in England. We have also availed ourselves of the concise, but illustrative observations, given by .the same author in his Fauna Suecica and Systema Nature. Wherever such helps have failed us, we have subjoined to the essential characte: of each species short descriptions of our own, the ordinary size of the shell at its full period of growth (in the British Islands), as one of the most ready guidances towards identifying a specimen under examina- tion. It was one wish to have investigated, with our own eyes; some instances “this was not practicable, and, under duck cir- cumstances, we have contented ourselvés with adducing the most respectable authorities. To have omitted a species asserted to be British by writers of repute, merely because we had not been so fortunate as to haye seen pacen ourselves, would have in- dicated a very unb ecoming degree of suspiciousness ; and it would also ie been inconsistent with the Seige of this npe x Linn. Trans, vol. vi. p. 181. whieh SEE ieee Sa nes A NOVO E ee SP RAIN ace hae dE | 3 E TA E d Descriptive Catalogue of the British Testacea. 19 which is to lay before the student a descriptive catalogue of all our British Testacea. Such notices as are not indispensably ne- cessary to the discrimination of a species, or relate to what may be called its history, we have usually given in English; and it may here be remarked, that we have been particularly attentive to point out the discoverer, or first describer, of every shell > (wherever it was possible to arrive at certainty), retaining the trivial name originally attached to it, in preference to any other, provided it was not pre-occupied, or at variance with the specific characters, or with the Linnean principles of nomenclature. Had naturalists in general been more strict in this respect, and less fond of novelty of denomination, the science would have been much less confused in every department, than it is at pre- sent. The use of trivial names in natural history certainly does not consist in their being descriptive of the subjects to which they are annexed, but in their being permanent designations, which, as discovery seems to have no limits, the more arbitrary they may be, the better perhaps they will answer the purpose for which they are calculated. | Every person must be fully aware of the great utility of figures, as auxiliaries of description, which sometimes, from the nicety of the variations of subjects, cannot possibly be rendered all-sufficient for the student's instruction. Fortunately we have been preceded by many British iestaccolbgiMln whose works. in this respect afford very: ample. advantages; but where- ever a. figure was wanting, (ona 2 » ‘had fallen under our notice,) or wh € 8 t had been given were ‘grossly incorrect, we have période to remedy the defect, by referring to engravings annexed to this paper. We judged it would be useful also, on some occasions, to figure closely-allied p2 I b.c Apocies 20 Dr. Maton’s and Mr. RACKETTS . species by the side of each other, in order that their relative characters might be more accurately impressed on the mind than it came within the compass of language, simply, to ac- complish. CHITON. Linn. Syst. Nat. n. 300. k crinitus. Ch. testa septemvalvi, pilis brevibus dense obsita. ~ Linn. Gm. p. 3206. Pennant Brit. Zool. 4. t. 36. f. 1. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 4. Habitat in mari. Testa % poll. longa. (Pennant.) An vere distincta à Ch. cinereo ? We give this species on the authority of Pennant, » who mentions having found it near Aberdeen; and Mr. Boys is said to have found it at k Sandwich; but it has never fal er under. € — ‘notice. - = discors. Ch. testa septemvalvi eee ian lato leviter reti- culato. Montagu Test. ie ps. Habitat in mari. Testa oblonga 4 poll longa, valvulis extremis rufescente- brna: t valvule 5 mediz transversim divise, postice sagrinatz, antice leves. ~ vel leviter transversim striate. (Montagu.) — —. A new and rare species discovered in Salcombe Bay, oe Devon, by Mr. Montagu, by whom it is described = he t lame. vis, which appeared = na e, a as conveys a an idea that no other E species of. this genus has that number of valves. -4 fasci- Descriptive Catalogue of the British Testacea. 21 3. fascicu- Ch. testa octovalvi, corpore ad valvulas utrinque fasci- laris. . culato. Linn. Syst. Nat. n. 4. p. 1106. Linn. Gmel. tA. fod. p. 3202. Ls - Chemn. Conch. 10. t. 173. f. 1688. Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 95. t. 1. f. 1. Encyclop. Method. t. 163. f. 15. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 5. Habitat in mari, testaceis, saxis adherens. Teste cinerem leviter carinatz, ad latera fasciculis pilorum albidis con- | ' ferte. 4. : margina- Ch. testa octovalvi, margine serrato reflexo levi. Linn. tus. Gmel. p. 3206. (.1. f.2. Pennant Brit. Zool. 4. t. 36. f. 2. Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 25. t. 1. fs 2. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 1. — Habitat in mari, testaceis adherens. Testa magnitudine unguis pollicis éxüuii, carinata, dices oculo armato quasi sagrinata visa, rufescente-brunnea. First discovered at Scarborough, in Yorkshire, by ` Pennant. Not uncommon. levis. Ch. testa octovalvi glaberrima, dorso elevato. Pennant Brit. Zool. 4. t. 36. 353. Linn. Gm. p. 3206. Montagu Test. Brit. p.2. . Habitat in mari. ee se . | Testa 4 poll. longa, } poll. á fescente-brunnea, interdum maculis Bávescentibus Marg , reticulatus. Found at Loch- Broom, on the western coast of Ross- pe by Pennant; in Salcombe Bay, T bre Mr. : Montagu. | | vd iai .. 6. cinereus. 22 5 Dr. Maton’s and Mr. RACKETT’S ' cinereus. Ch. testa octovalvi levi carinata, corpore rubicundo, t.1.f.3. limbo subciliato. Linn. Syst. Nat. n. 9. p. 1107. Linn. Gmel. p. 3204. Born. Mus. t. 1. f. 3. Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 25. t. 1. f. 4s Montagu Test. Brit. p. 3. Halitat in mari, testaceis, saxis adhzerens. Testa vix cimice major, planiuscula, cinerea, ovata, postice paulo latior, parum carinata, (Linn.) First found by Dr. Pulteney, on oysters from Wey- mouth and Poole. * m Ch. testa octovalvi lovi dorsata, corpore albo. Linn. t.1.f.4. Syst. Nat. n. 8. p. 1107. Linn. Gmel. p. 3204. Chemn. Conch. 8. t. 96. f. 817. . Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 25. t. 1. Í. 3. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 4. Habitat in mari, testaceis, ulvis adherens, er Tetsa magnitudine: grani tritici, ovalis, minus | carinata. (Linn. ) . First noticed as British by Dr. Sig who found it at Poole, Dorset. =. LEPAS. Linn. Syst. Nat. n. 301, Differently from the method pursued by some modern authors, who have followed Dr. Solander's original suggestion, we prefer retaining the Linnzan genus Lepas undivided. The. gradation | from the conic to the sGompressed sp appears tural, as not to admit of their bein ara ted, without violation of the general principles. of the system. To those who notice the structure of Lepas Mitella, which beautifully unites these two divisions, the circumstance we have mentioned cannot fail to zac .to us so na- : PE tons) UR Descriptive Catalogue of the British Testacea. 23 to be obvious; and, even if a difference in the contained ani- mals should be objected, we cannot agree to that particular being made a ground of distinction, since it is not the ex- clusive consideration on which Linnzeus professes to found his arrangement? A Balanus. L. testa conica. sulcata, operculis acuminatis. Linn. Syst. Nat. n. 10. p. 1107. Fauna Suecica, n. 2122. Linn. Gmel. p. 3207. Ellis in Act. Angl. 1158. t. 34. f. 17. Pennant Brit. Zool. t. 37. f. 4. Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 249. Bal. porcatus. Donovan Nat. Hist. of Shells, t. 30. f. 1. Chemn. Conch. 8. t. 97. f. 820. Pulteney in Hutch. „Dorset. Pe 25. 4E 2. ge 12. Bal. communis. © Montagu Test. Brit. p. 6. Habitat frequens in mari, saxis, rupibus adherens, ! Testa conica, truncata, valvulis pluribus conniventibus, extus inzequali- ter sulcata, interjectis rugis compressis, Operculum valvulis quatuor obliquis, acuminatis, superioribus duabus la- tioribus brevioribus transversé striatis, inferioribus 2 angustioribus longioribus. (Linn. Mus. Lud. Ulr. p. 466.) : - L. testa conica truncata levi, spares nen Linn. pda Suecica; n. 2123. PL, Lister Pri Mr t. 5.f. - Conch. t. 444. f. 287. - D'Argenv. Conch. t. 30. f. C. Pennant Brit. Zool. 4. t. 37. f. 5. Oa Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 248, t. 17. f. F Bal. Taipi. | Pulteney 24 Dr. Maton’s and Mr. RAckETT'S > F Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 25. t. 2. 3 7. Bal. vul- garis. Dinovan: Nat Hitt: of Shells t S65 47925 Montagu Test. Brit. p. 7. Habitat in mari frequens, saxis, conchis affixa. . Testa depressa, valvulis sex. : Operculum valvulis quatuor, superioribus duabus leviter transversim stria- tis, inferioribus levibus. (Linn. Mus. Lud. Ulr. p. 466.) "This species was first noticed by Lister. 3. | punctata. L. testa conica truncata punctata, operculis obtusis. Pennant Brit. Zool. t. 37. f. 6. Lepas Cornubiensis? Chemn. Conch. 8. t. 97. f. 826. Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 25. t. 1. f. 10. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 8. t. 1. f. 5. Bal. paket tus. Habitat in mari, saxis et testaceis adherens, Testa diametro 4 poll. rugosa, colore fusco. Operculum valvulis apice AUR emarginatisr. se inyicem excipien- CRM : Found at E Doret, iis Pr. Paray. ; and on the south coast of | Devon, by. Mr. Montagu. 4. conoides. L. testa conica valvulis acuminatis, apertura. angustis- Dao Nat. Hist. of Shells, t. 30. f. 3. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 12. _ Habitat in mari. Testa 4 poll. longa et lata. Valvule striis numerosis linea exaratis. Discovered aoe M Bi of Wezmoati MEN to Sage EE ide zs ne ge ees costata. L. testa ibeo operetka Stall ASS Donovan Nat. Hist. of Shells, t. 30. f. 2. + Montagu Test. Brit. p. 11. Bal. costatus. | . Habitat Descriptive Catalogue of the British Testacea. 25 Habitat in mari, saxis adhzerens. Testa diametro vix 4 poll. candida. . Valvulee. indistincte, costis elevatis ab apertura divergentibus, instar radiorum, i This species was discovered by the late. Mr. Adams, on the coast of Pembrokeshire. 6. | Tintinna- L. testa conica obtusa rugosa. Linn. Syst. Nat. n. 12. bulum. ^ p. 1108. Linn. Gmel. p. 3208. Lister Conch. t. 443. f. 285. Grew Mus. p. 148. Ellis in Act. Angl. 1158. t. 34. f. 8. Rumph. Mus. t. 41. f. A. 3 Gualt. Test. t. 106. f. E. H. D’ Argenv. Conch. t. 26. f. A B. Pennant Brit. Zool. p. 73. ipis aside Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 950. ^ ^ ^, e á Chemn. Conch. 8. t. 97. f. 828—830. Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 25. t. 1. f. 5. Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 148. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 10. Habitat in mari, navium carinis (acervatim saepius) disini: Testa conico-gibba, extus sulcata, sulcis obtusis, areis valvularum inter- jectis senis transversim striatis. (Linn. Mus. Lud. Ulr. p. 466.) Given as British by Da Costa, but is probably a na- tive of the warmer climates, ed b hither on the horto: of ee | ; , rugosa. L.testa subcylmdtiem operculis poe ; t. 1. f. 5. Chemn. Conch. 8. t. 91. f. 824. : Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset.. p. 25. t. 2. sie 10. {Bal ru- : gosus. A Ee Montagu Test. Brit. p. 6- Bi rugosus. STAT E VOL. VIII. E 7 Donovan 26 8. — Dr. Marow's and Mr. Racxert’s Donovan Brit. Shells...t. 160. L: borealis. Habitat in mari, saxis, testaceis adherens. Testa 3 poll. longa, apertura ampla. Operculum valvulis distinctis, angulatis, erectis. First found on the Dorsetshire coast by-Dr. Pulteney. elongata, L. testa cylindrica lap aan operculis obtusis. Linn. Gmel. p. 3213. Pennant Brit. Zool. 4. t. 37. f A. 5. Chemn. Conch. 8. t. 98. f. 838. RO Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 25. t. 1. f. 6. | Bal. cla- vatus. | Encyclop. Method. t. 164. f. T. 8. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 10. Bal. clavatus. |. Habitat in pelago. Testa nivea, valvulis sex, alternis angustioribus, Apertura dilatata. We are informed by Dr. Fulteney, that this species was discovered by Sir Joseph e has been 2 at Weymouth, . We have received some clusters of elongated shells of L. Balanoides, which strongly resemble the figures f this species. = Walker Test. Min. » rare is gs - L. testa dde operculis indistinctis, valvulis intertextis, striatis. - Pennant Brit. Zool. 4. t. 38. f. 7% L. striata, : Dac a Brit. Conch. p. 250. B. striatus, —.. Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 95. & 1, E 9 Balance intertextus. | Donovan. Nat. His. of Shells, 4, 96. f E Encyclop. Descriptive Catalogue of the British Testacea. 27 Encyclop. Method. t. 164. f. 16, 17. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 12. Balanus striatus. Habitat in mari, testaceis, moiin: radicib fuconu: , cc Testa diametro + poll. alba. — vade "phis species was first p ey as ‘English, by Pen- i -nant. Not uncommon. 10. — s Diadema. L. testa subrotunda, Fiir tang sulánte: Linn. Syst. Nat. n. 19. p. 1108. Linn. Gmel. p. 3208. Act. Angl. vol. 5, t. 17. f. 2; & vol. 50. ee l. T. . Lister Conch. t. 445. f. 288. ' Gualt. Test. t. 106. f. Q. Walch Naturf. 8. t. 4. f. a. b.c... 9 0-0 Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 251. t. 17. f- 2. Bal. Balena. Chemn. Conch. 8. t. 99. £ 843, 4. se ranges ae Methali t. A05. hif- a l4. avo) Montagu Test. Brit. » 13. B. Dadima Habitat in mari. - Testa figura echini absque. radiis, . sordide alba, MIC Que o infun- dibuliformi, dimidiam reliqu:e teste diametrum zequante, areis externis 12 triangulis, quarum 6 excavate, striis subtilibus transversis exarate, sex alter elevate 4-5-6 prominentiis arcte sibi accumbentibus, et striis transversis crenatis exaratis constant. (Gmel. p. 3908. e Common on the Northern Shores. M he f m Scalers L. testa compressa tredecimvalvi ævius cula lum. f so insident n sdb p.2121. Syst. Nat. n. . AB pa 1109. L B Gel: p. 3210. Lister Conch. t. 439. f. 281? How D'Argenv. Conch. t. 26. f. F.G. Gualt. Test. t, 106. f. CV. — Ellis in Act. Angl. 1758. t. 34. fo 4, . Chemn. Conch. 8. GoT: fi % As E (o 28 — Dr. Maton’s and Mr. RAckETT'S Montagu Test. Brit. p. 18. t. 1. f. 3. Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 166. Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. t. 2. f. 8. Habitat rarior in mari, Gorgoniis adherens. Testa $ poll. longa, 3 poll. lata, valvulis squamarum zemulis, subcrinitis, valvula longa curvata reliquas EH: poncule rugoso-annu- lato. First found by Mr. Boys, at Sandwich: in Kent. Mr. Montagu has received specimens from Plymouth. 12. anserife- L. testa compressa quinquevalvi striata, pedunculo insi- ra. dente. Linn. Syst. Nat. n. 17. p. 1109. Linn. Gmel. p. 3210. Lister Conch. t. 440. f. 283. Gualt. Test. t. 106. f. 2. 3. Chemn. Conch. 8. t. 100. f. 856. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 16. Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 166. ' Habitat in mari, ligois adhzrens. Testa structura omnino L. anat re sed valvulis sulcatis, excepta prima; sulci bi distincti, elevati. (Linn. ) Found on drifted Wood on the south coast of Devon- shire, by Mr. Montagu. iX s anatife- L. testa subtriangulari quinquevalvi levi. Linn. Fauna ra. Şuecica. n. 2120. Mus, Lud. Ulr. 468. n. 6. Syst. Nat. LÀ nee ins p-1109. Linn. Gmel. p. 3211. Aldro ai ne rn. c. 20, f. 548. | Eres EE RM 904. : c = : = s | e Bain. Pin ae ar ooa Se Stulpart Obs. 2. p. 458. a Barth. : * Basis sshodiies m membunacet.j in 14. sulcata. Descriptive Catalogue of the British Testacea. 29 - Barth. Cent. 6. p. 271. Worm. Mus. 256. Marcgr. Bras. 188. Grew Mus. 148. Sibb. Mus. 170. n. 2. Lob. It. 2. p. 250. Ellis in Act. Angl. vol. 50. t. 34. f. 5. Lister Conch. t. 439. f. 282. Gualt. Test. t. 106. f. A D. D' Argénv. Conch. t. 26. f. E. Planc. Conch. t. 5. f. 4. & f. XI. Column. Phytol. 110. t. 30. Seba Mus. 3. t. 16. f. 1, 2. Needham Microsc. t. 7. f. 1, 2. Knorr Vergn. 2. t. Dude Sos T Murr. Fund. Test. t. 2. f. 2. Pennant Brit. Zool. t. 38. f. 39. Chemn. Conch. 8. t. 100. f. 853. ` Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 26. t. 2. f Jr Donovan Brit. Shells, £T. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 15. Habitat in mari, lignis, carinis navium adherens. | Tots compressa valvulis duabus majoribus subtriangularibus conniventi- bus, singulis acutis, latere altero versus apicem valvula oblonga, val- - vula insuper quarta lanceolata cymbiformi TA caring. - i Linn. "Mus. Lud. Uir. p. 468.) — L. testa subtriangulari quinquevalvi | sulcata. A Montagu Test. Brit. p. 17. t. 1. f. 6. vu Habitat in mari, Gorgoniis adhserens. 5 Testa 4 poll. longa, colore albido. Valvule inferiores 15. costis 5 eleva- : " tis; * 30 -— Dr. Maton’s and Mr. RAcxETT's tis; valvule superiores in apicem desinunt, costis 7 vel 8, intermediis minoribus, a margine posteriore divergentibus, . Valvula dorsalis com- pressa, longitudinaliter striata, A new species, found by Mr. Montagu on the Dor- set coast, near Portland. 15. fascicula- L. testa quinquevalvi levi, valvila: joni basi dilatata ris angulo acuto prominente. | Ellis Zooph. p. 167. t. 15. f. 6. - Montagu Test. Brit. p. 557. Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 144. - Lepas dilata. Habitat in mari. Testa tenuis compressa, deem csset ad apicem. acutis retrorsum inclinatis. First noticed and figured by Ellis. ~ PHOLAS. ps Linn. Syst. Nat. ? n. 302. Dactylus. Ph. testa ex hinc Kliculàtoetriaté:- ibo. Fauna Suecica, n. 2124. Syst. Nat. n. 20. p. M10. Linn. Gmel. p. 3214. | LAE q Rond. Test. t. 23. f. 2. ere: Lister Anim. Angl. App. t. 2. . f. 3. paa —— Conch. t. 433. f. 276. : Petiver Gaz. t. 49. f. 40... ue Gualt. Test. t. 105. > D. ues B: post; “Borlase Pale E si b ree TERT | Da Costa Brit. Conch. TA dA. & 16. f 2. Phos mu- ricatus. : | Chemn. 9. candida. Descriptive Catalogue of the British Testacea. 31 Chemn. Conch. 8. t. 101. f. 859. | Murr. Fund. Test. t. 2 F3 Pennant Brit. Zool. 4. t. 89. Í. 10. P. Dattylus ` Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 26. t. 8. fr 2. P. hians. Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 118. er. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 90. Habitat intra scopulos, perterebratis saxis, 'noctu eie Jus J) Testa ad 5 pollices longa, alba, tenuis, fragilis, striis subspinosis antrorsum sensim ntinoribus, tandem evanescentibus. Ph. testa oblonga, undique striis decussatis muricata. Linn. Syst. Nat. p. 111%, n. 22. Linn. Geel. p. 3215. p Lister Anim. Angl É 5. f. 39. a App. f. 2 f. 4. G6. — Conch. t. 278. J: 435. | Gualt. Test. t. 105. f. E. Pennant Brit. Zool. 4. t. 39. xA 11. ^ Ph candidus. . Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 246. Ph. candidus. Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 26. t. 1. fr 12. Ph. can- dida. ‘Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 132, Montagu Test. Brit. P- aot Ph. candida. Habitat rarior in mari. ^ - Testa vix digiti minoris Yoagitidine; oc iss; alba diaphana supra fere tota transverse et agcelinattes Seca sn psitt onibus mucronatis unde scabra. — — Intus. decussatim. -excavato-striatay "l is. Cardo ex lacinula levi, : arcte reflexa, (Lin is. Lud.. Ùh. p. 469.) First noticed by Dr. ign atthe mouth of the Tees, Durham; found on the N. Shore, Poole, Dorset, by . Dr. Pulteney, and at Salcombe, in Dish. by Mr. Montagu. 3. striata. 32 Dr. Marox's and Mr. RACKETT’S 3. striata. Ph. testa ovata multifariam striata. Linn. Syst. Nat. n. 21. p. 1111. Linn. Gmel. p. 3215. Parsons in. Act. Ange. 55. t. 1. f. 1,2, 3, & Ph. co- noides. Gualt. Test. t. 105. f F. Chemn. Conch. 8. t. 102. f. 861—6. | Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 27. t. 1. ge Ph. nanus. Donov. Brit. Shells, t. 117. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 26. Habitat in mari, navium carinas perterebrans. -. Testa rudis opaca alba.. Sulcus transversus obsoletus- in duas partes val- vulas dividit ; altera pars acutior minus striata, altera obtusissima im- bricato-striata. Area triangularis margini propinqua, levis. First described by Dr. Parsons, in the Philosophical Transactions. : It is uncertain whether the animal is bred on our shores, or is onl denghé: hither in. the. bottoms of ships. re ARA " ETE SN UNDAE ^ NOME p Mn "P re hee PUN ES WT c LENTUM SO QUOC NS VP ERE EROR AMAR’ DE IUD IB ROE SED MEET RLW UTILES NT "yon TUE KE oe i PU ET ES £u d 5 i TE CIS 3: NOM a # à 4. i crispata. Ph. testa ovali hinc obtusiore crispato-striata, cardinis dente curvo. Linn. Fauna Suecica, n. 2125. Syst. Nat. n. 25. p. 1111. Linn. Gmel. p. 3216.. Lister Anim. Angl. t. 5. f. 38. App. t. 2. f. 1. Conch. t. 279. f. 436. _ Petiner Gaz. t. 19. f. 13. d Pennant Brit. Zool. t. 40. Jf. Wee IO Olaf. Isl. t. 131. f. à. 6. pu wee .. Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 249. t. 15. f. A. P. bifrons. Pulteney i in Hutch. Dorset. p. 27. t. 3. s 4. Chemn. Descriptive Catalogue of the British Testacea. AnA] Chemn. Conch. 8. t. 102. f. 872—4. - Linn. Gmel. p. 3228. Solen. v dod 1 — — Encyclop. Method. t. 169. f.:5,6, T. 7 UI © Dongvan Brit. Shells, t. 62. & t. 69. ids a junior T Montagu Test. Brit. p. 23. Habitat in mari, saxis excavatis. s Testa 14 vel 2 pollices longa, 2} vel 3 "S s. pen à altidi, vel fer- ruginei, utraque extremitate hiante. Sulcus transversus in duas partes valvulas dividens; altera pars obtusissima vix striata, altera vero acu- tior striis imbricatis subserratis rugosa. Cardo reflexus levis, at vero intus dente lineari incurvo sub umbonibus - posito. (Linn. Mus. Lud. Ulr. p. 469.) . First figured by Lister. Found on various parts of the British coast. dei < parva. | ot testa ovali hit reticulato-striata, cliois DM ^ — —— « ex tuberculo orto. Bii ia Brit. Zool. t. 4. f. s Montagu Test. Brit. p. 22. t. 1. f. T8. Habitat in mari, lignum perterebrans. . Testa 4- poll. longa, 1 poll, lata, margine récurvo means cellulis, sulco akiniai nullo, | -First described. by. Pennant. ` "Found at ‘Salcombe, | - South Deron hi Mr. Menieg P iu du cepe ru | s Linn. St Nat. n. S08 | |: dubia. M. testa subo di nants Cardinis dente obsoleto, xp — -< Pennant Brit. Zool. 4. t. 44. f. 19. i ad e e < Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 234. PE aR piv. poe Suria in eah Dorset. gu 2T. t. 1. RA i- Pholas aR . Faba. E de os | -YOL. VIII. | Ro e n. odi Donovan ed Dr. Maton’s and Mr, Racxertt’s - Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 132. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 98. M. Pholadia. ‘ Habitat in mari, rupes calcareas perterebrans. Testa magnitudine faba equine, rudis, tenera, subtilissime striata, al- bescens, vel rafeeceme Brumoses. hiatu ovali instar Pholadum, utraque extremitate connivens. - ' First noticed from "Weymotth: by Pennant. Found on the Dorset coast by Dr. Pulteney also; and on the Devonshire coast by Mr. Montagu. With the habits and appearance of a Pholas, this shell wants the essential characters of that genus, viz. the accessory valves. It must necessarily, therefore, be placed among the Mya. Glycime- M. testa utrinque hiante, crassissima, lamellata, ob- ris. longo-ovata, transverse striato-rugosa ; cardinis dente primario crassissimo. Linn, Gmel. p. sgae. Aldrov. Test; p. 878; ATARE eee tme! Lister Conch. t. A14. F 258.. Iter. 5n Guat: Test. 1:790. FA e SEO ose Born Mug o LFE OS e 0 Chemn. Conch. 6. t. 3. f. 25. Donovan Brit. ale, t. 142. ge Habitat in mari. Testa ad 5 poll. longa, et 10 és, ochroleuca, i intus cretacea, Dens pri- xc. marius crassissimus fere longitudinem ligamenti squat; posticus mi- = nor subjacet apicibus incurvatis, pone quos series es plicarum extenditur. van has Booted this species, but observes | ! e | doubt as à British = shell it is a kind, however, acknowledged. as such by « collectors of English natural history in general, and .* js said to have been undoubtedly fished up in the Z 3 : s deep 3. truncata. Descriptive Catalogue of the British Testacea. 35 * deep waters between the Dogger Paàk and the East- * ern coast of England.” | M. testa ovata posterius. imas: . cardinis dente an- --trorsum porrecto obtusissimo. Linn. F. Suec. n. 2196. AS. Nat. p. 141. n. 26. Linn. Gmel. p. 3217. Linn. It. Wgoth. t. 5. f. 3. Lister Anim. Angl. t. 5. f. 36. Conch. t. 428. f. 269. Petiver Gaz. t. 79. f. 12. Gualt. Test. t. 91. f. D. Olafs Isl. t. X1. f. T. : Pennant Brit. Zool. 4. t. A1. f. 14. Da Costa Br. Conch. p. 233. t. 15. f. 1. Ch. truncata. + O. Fabr. Fn. Groenl. p. 404. n. A06. o d A. arenaria. z i »— Si Gl. oc Encyclop. Method. t. 229. f. 2. a. b. Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 21. t. 3. f. 1. Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 92. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 32. Habitat ad littora maris, sub arena. Testa crassa sordide alba, 1} vel. 2 polliees longa, 3 vel 31 lata, striis vel rugis transversis exarata, anterius conyexa rotundata, pouce an- gustata truncata hiante. Cardo constat lobo erecto, ut in sequente, (Linn. | ; M. testa. ovata Doster, n ks vemm trorsum po tu Q Eaa laterali. Linn. Fauna esce n. 2195. Syst. Nat. p. 1112. n. 27. Linn. Gmel. p. 3218. Linn. It. Wgoth. p. 187. r2 | co Tier > 36 — Dr. Maton’s and Mr. RacxkErT's Lister Conch. t. 419. f. 268? - Baster Opusc. Subs. t. 7. f. 1. 3. Lesser Testaceoth. f. 106. Pennant Brit. Zool. 4. t. 42. f. 16. l . Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 232. Chama arenaria. O. Fabr. Fn. Groenl. p. 405 TO. Chemn. Conch. 6. p. 3. vign. & t. V. f. 3, = = Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. t. 4. f 8. T Encyclop. Method. t. 229. f. 1. a. b Donovan Brit. Shu 195: ^ Montagu Test. Brit. p. 30. Halitat rarior in mari, sub oe ex duobus foraminibus in fundo obviis investiganda. = Testa eee ovi anseris, lata crassa ^ ovata, transverse Tugosa, coloris Cardo valvule alterius constat lobo jotiibdis; cum denticulo laterali postico, alterius ex cavitate subtus elevata. (Linn.) - First noticed as British by Pennant. It has been - found in Kent and the Ashe: of- Wight, a and x the shores edict et Southampton Uve ax s oe declivis. M. testa ovata compressiuscula antice subtruncata, car- dinis dente crasso. um _ Pennant Brit. Zool. 4. n. Eg m Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. 27. t. 4. J 6. M. aoo Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 82: ^ — Montagu Test. Brit. p. 40. M. pubescens. hs — Habitat in mari, E Mr pene hana tenuis ia fragilis pubescenie aca V $ [Sy n a 58 o convexo, Tubs d First Rees up for the Duchess of. Portland at Weymouth Eeo- EX. e t $3 Descriptive Catalogue of the British Testacea. 3T Mr. Montagu informs us that small specimens of the above are not uncommon in Falmouth Harbour, Corn- wall; and larger on the Devonshire coast. Mr. Donovan - first mee -= Am A . ken CES iir pet Z pratenuis. M. testa ovata planiuscula ; Stipp dente cochleari- formi. | Petiver Gaz. t. 94. f. ^. Chana preetenuis. Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 28. t. 4. f. T. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 41. t. 1. f. 2. Donovan Brit. Shells, t. o - Habitat in man. > — ` Testa alba subpellucida fragilis vix 1 ‘poll. longa, 2 lata. Unmbones acutiusculi, ad medium teste. Valvule posticé hiantes. First noticed by Petiver, from Poole. Found on the co Dorset coast by Dr. Pulteney —Not uncommon in Fal- mouth | TUDPOND d and. on the: south. coast of Devon (Mr. Montagu). — 1. distorta. M. testa subovali, valvulis difformibus, tumidioribus, cardinis dente crasso. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 49. t. L f. is Habitat in mari, saxis calcareis innidulans, - Ha Testa alba fragilis pellucida, ¢ poll. longa, 1 poll. lata. Valvulæ distortee - «| Dens latas subtriangularis in singulis valvulis. - Plymouth, and on the shores 8. Batava. - rugosze sinuosz neque subtruncate ut in Misco : ; Sd wer ġ em Discovered by Mr. Montagu, lod ed in. tone at ly. M. M. testa subovall, utraque extremitate rotundata. — Ginanni Op. Post. t. 4. f. 17. Schröt. Flussconch. t. 3. f. 2, 4, $ 5. Chemn. Conch. 6. t. 1. F: 6. (eee 8 -a a te o Enbytlop. 38 Dr. Maton’s and Mr. RACKETT's Encyclop. Method. t. 248. f. 3. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 36. Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 174. M. Pictorum. Habitat in fluviis, rarissima. Testa 1 poll. longa, 13. lata, colore olivaceo. Cardo ut in M. Pictorum. Found in the river Monah d near pierit, Berks, by Mr. Montagu. | Gi | This species has been considered ry some &'authors as Mya Pictorum, probably from being made use of by . the Dutch to contain gold and silver leaf, ground for painters. It seems to be common in Holland, but is seldom found here. On an accurate examination of Linnzus’s description and references, it is evident that the following species, termed Mya ovalis by Dr. So- lander and others, is the true M. Pictorum of the Sy- stema Nature, since it exactly corresponds with the figures given by Bonanni and Lister. Linnzus appears also to have adopted his trivial name from Bonanni, who says, “ Concha Pictorum dicta non.e colore, “sed ab usu Pictorum qui colores, argenti aurique * pigmenta ut plurimum in ea reponunt." Pictorum. M. testa ovata, cardinis dente primario crenulato, la- — Petiver Gaz. t 98. A 9. Valentyn Mus. t. 14. F 15. Ginann. Qp. Post. t. 4. f. 16. terali longitudinali, alterius duplicato. Linn. Fauna Suecica,n. 2129. Syst. Nat.1112, n. 28. Gmel. p. 3218. Bonanni Recr. 2. f. 40. Santee ga Angl. t. 2. f. 30. aeri 5 J. P Se Murray Descriptive Catalogue of the British Testacea. 39 Murray in Amen. Acad. 8. t, 29. f. 6. Schröter Flussconch. t. 3. f. 3. & t. À. f. 6. : Pennant Brit. Zool. 4. t. 43. £ 17. — Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 228. t. 15. f. 4. o AEncyclop. Method. t. 248. f. 4. E . i -Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 27. t.12. f. å M. ovalis. Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 89. M. ovalis. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 31. M. ovalis. - : Halitat in fluviis, frequens. * | Testa 14 vel 2 poll. longa, 3 vel 4 lata, epidermide viridescente, oblongo- ovata, magis elongata quam M. Batava. First described and figured as an English species by Lister. 10, ovata. M. testa ovata, antrorsum angustata. Lister Anim. Angl. App. f Ax pe T d —— Conch € Tap 2? Montagu Test. Brit. p. 31. "n p. 563. Donovan Brit. Shells, 61239, 4 EX ! B Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 101. v.i E 122. i $9. M. de- pressa... i, Habitat in fluvüs. — -Testa 14 poll. longa, aplata, vitidescente-brianes, interdum obsolete ra- - T diata, crassiuscula, tumida, Cardout in M. Pictorum, sed prope extremi- t postenorem. | Extremitas altera sales, feré pst. B medio depressa, f ni m First described and figured by i The difference bet his E a and 1 Mya Picto- rum was first bes out by Lister, by whom both are accurately figured in the same plate, and who ob- serves that they are both found i in the same rivers (Ouse, Fosse, and Nid, in Yorkshire), a circumstance which : - tends to confirm our opinion of their being perfectly EET id muere | distinct A0 _. Dr. Marow's and Mr. RAckETT's distinct species, as their dissimilarity in shape cannot * therefore be imputed to a difference in place of abode. They are also found in the rivers Froome and Avon, Somersetshire, and the New River, near London. Li. p lo eS pep SE EMI SEI S margari- M. testa ovata antice coarctata, cardinis dente prima- ‘ tifera. rio conico; umbonibus decorticatis. Linn. Fauna Suecica, 2130. ye. Nat. p 1112. n. 29. Linn. Gmel. p. 3219. Lister Anim. Angl. App. t: T... Conch. t. 149. f. 4. Knorr. Vergn. À. t. 25. f. 2. Schrot. Flussconch. t. 4. f. 1. — Pennant Brit. Zool. 4. t. 43. f. 18. „Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 225. t. 15. fad — Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 13. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 33, Halitat in fluviis. | Testa ovali-oblonga, ponderosa, antice retuso-compressa, extus rudis nigri- cans, 2 vel 2; pollices longa ad 54 lata, umbonibus valde decorticatis, Intus testa albida, matricem perlarum exhibens cicatricibus duabus pro insertione musculorum, valvulis clausis nec hiantibus, ` Cardinis dens conicus obtusus porrectus in alterius m dentem latum fissum. (Linn. Fn. Suec.) ; First described and figured by tiie Found in rapid rivers and rocky torrents in the North, in Wales, wdi in Devonshire. E eme Da N inequival-M. testa subtriangulari ; me T incurvatis gibbis. vis. Walker Test. Min. Rar. t. 3. f. 85. der x t. 1. f.6. Encyclop. Method. (230. Fha Montagu Test. Brit. p.38. . Habitat in mari, Testa Descriptive. Catalogue of the British Testacea. 41 Testa vix magnitudine fabze equinze, crassa, rudis, sordide alba, transversim striata et rugis antiquata, extremitate altera _ productiore subtruncata. Epidermis subfusca. Valvule ‘ingequales, superior minor. Cardinis dens unicus crassus triangularis i in alterius teste foveola excipitur. —: oe er. Dentes laterales nulli. This shell is but indifferently figured by Walker.in. his Testacea minuta rariora. It has been found at Sand- wich by Mr. Boys, and on the coasts of Cornwall and Devonshire by Mr. Montagu. 13. bidentata. M. testa subovali compressa, cardinis dentibus antror- sum porrectis, obliquis. . - : Montagu Test. Brit. p. 44. Habitat in mari, testas perforans. Testa minuta diametro 4 poll. tenuis, sordide. alba,- levis. Cardo alterius — valvule dentibus duobus. latis lamellatis dive yerg entibus, : "alterius nullis. Found in Salcombe Bay, Devon ‘(burrowed in old - oyster-shells) by Mr. Montagu. 14. suborbi- M. testa ENERE valvulz alterius dente primario cularis. — solitario, alterius du ear dentibus. lateralibus la- T: SABEN Loi rr il -Montagu. Test. Brit. p. 39. E I Habitat in mari, rupes calcareas excavans. - pen 1 Tethys: Testa -4 polis longa vel paulo major, 4. poll. lata, J facie dime, sub epi- S SEN , Sermide brunnea; edd | | » veubstriata, intus PA T p = De dat alis ; eq. tra. VOL. VUL. ; n "X 42 E Dr. Maron’s and Mr. Racxerr’s SOLEN. Linn. Syst. Nat. n. 304. Vagina. S. testa lineari recta, extremitate altera marginata, car- dinibus unidentatis. Linn. Syst. Nat. p. 1113. n. 33. Linn. Gmel. p. 3293. a. Rumph. Mus. i. 45. f. M. Gualt. Test. t. 95. f. D. D’ Argenv. Conch. t. 24. f. K. Lesser Testaceoth. f. 120. Favanne Conch. t. 55. f. B. 1. Pennant Brit. Zool. 4. t. 46. f. 91. Chemn. Conch. 6. t. 4. f. 26—28. © Encyclop. Method. t. 222. f. 1. Pult. in Hutch. Dorset. p. 28. t. 4. f- 8. S. marginatus. Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 110. S. marginatus. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 48. - Habitat in mari, sub arena. | Testa linearis glabra convexa, striis oólátáis ab extremitate truncata Ia tudinaliter ductis, sed versus rotundatam extremitatem curvatis, desi- nentibus in suturam cardinis.. Superficies externa epidermide decidua . tecta, interne glabra magisque rufescens. Exíremitas postica cras- sior,- oblique extrorsum truncata; antice vero rotundata. Cardo versus angulum posticum dente unico erecto semiovato. (Linn. Mus. Lud. Ulr. p. 472.) — Fhigà bel, the Solen marginatus. of the Portland bea ems of the s. Vagina, but can Estee be con- sidered as a distinct species. Solen Vagina has the mar- gin not so broad, hardly discernible on the outside, and is rather longer in pone to its width; the co- . lour Descriptive Catalogue of the British Testacea. 43 ` Jour also inclines more to red d ours, which is vel - 2. Siliqua. Chemn. Conch. 6. t EF 29. lowish. First noticed iy. Pinan Sod E lead: Found at Weymouth by Dr. Pulteney, and near Llaugharne, - Caermarthenshire, by Mr. Montagu, but rare. S. testa lineari recta, cardine altero bidentato. Linn. Fauna Suecica, n. 2131. Syst. Nat. p. 1113. m. 34. Linn. Gmel. p. 3293. Lister An, Angl. t. 5. f. 37. Conch. t. 409. f. 255. Planc. Conch. t. 3. f. 6., OO ie GUTES EU 777 e is s Knorr Vergn. 6. t. 4. f. 1... "e Pennant Brit. Zool. 4. t. 45. f. 20. Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. | 235. t rA 4 Ress z Encyclop. Method. T Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 28. t. 2. d 5 Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 45. x Montagu Test. Brit. p. 46.. t A Lister Conch. t. 413. f- inf. A 21 . Habitat ad littora sub arena. - Testa 'incaris, extremitate utraque truncata hiante, 6; 7, 8, Sllices lata, 14 - pollicis longa, glabra convexa; extus linea ab angulo baseos ad ex- teriorem angulum apicis ducta : area exteriore re Hinge, longitudinaliter cata Mad pandi ranisversim’ su iata. Extremitas SR ig rotundata: postica crassic Cardo, ad angulum - posticum = [s unico "fübulato in altera testa, in altera vero den- tibus duobus subulatis parallelis, approximatis, qui inter se = ~ oppositum dentem. (Linn. Mus. Lud. Ulr. p. i A B incurvata. M “First — bys Lister. < Commons) 2.2: bouis; jox- us : (22335558 3- rd ax G 9 : —..&. Novacula. m xD Mainio Mas laorrtrs : 3. 4 : " > = on 3 : Novacula. S. testa lineari recta, cardinibus unidentatis. - Montagu Test. Brit. P AT. _ Habitat in mar. . : LM : _ Testa precedenti affinis; x nec di T 1 gui potent; nisi cardinis dentibus, qui se invicem complectuntur. — — Found near Llaugharne, Caermarthenshire by Mr. Montagu, in Ensis, s. testa lineari subarcuata bidentata. Linn. Syst. Nat. p. 1114. n. 35. Linn. Gmel. p. 3224. Lister Anim. Angl. App. t. 2. L 9. —— Conch. t. 411. f. 25... | "iud uel. i D' Argenv. Conch. t. 2A. 5s eee : YU Favanne Conch. t. 55. J. A. 3. Pennant Brit. Zool. t. 45. f. 22. Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 237. Chemn. Conch. 6. t. A. f. 80. $e Encyclop. Method. t. 993. f. 9. —— | Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. Bp. 28. tA. f as Donovan Brit. Shells, 63 Montagu Test. Brit. ie 48. Habitat in mari. _ , : ; Testa 4 poll. longa, a} p cane extremitate truncata shines, parum admodum recurvata versus suturam posticam, tecta extus epidermide decidua, glabra, convexa, in medio transversim, ad latera vero longi- iter striata, ita tamen ut area anterior versus basigi Aatior evadat, eT Descriptio e Catalogue of the British Testacea. 45. -“Dönovan Brit. Shells, t. 153. - Montagu Test. Brit. p. 49. Habitat in mari. i Testa 4 poll. longa, 1 poll. lata, tenuis, fragilis. "Epidermis viridescens, Cardo paululum remotior ab extremitate quam in præcedente, dente. unico -bifido in altera testa, in altera vero dentibus ducbas — ERR: qui. inter se recipiunt oppositum dentem. '- First described by Pennant, from Anytaned: Found on the Kentish coast; in Cornwall; and abundantly at Torcross, Devon, by Mr. f Mangi: 2 6. Legumen.S. testa lineari aval: recta, cardinibus mediis bidenta- tis, alterius bifido.. Linn. Syst. Nat. p. 1114. m. 35. Linn. Gmel. p, 3224. Lister Conch. t. 490. f. 20k. dd Mf cip Plane. Conch. t. 3. 3: Mec. d enue Gualt. Test. t. 91. f. AT Adans. Seneg. t. 19. f. 3. Born Mus. t. 2. f. 1. 2. - Pennant Brit. Zool. t. A6. f. d } i Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 238. REI. d | -Chemn. Conch. 6: t; 5.f-88—8A.-. ia | : 7 ee. Method. t. 225. f. 3. x Pu que dr Dorset. t. å. f. "m ut Habitat it in mari. Testa 4 poll.longa, 24 lata, tenuis, fragilis, aliai sub BRERA lutescente, obsolete striata, utrâque extremitate rotundata — — c angustata. Cardo versus medium teste. First figured by Lister. Fouud (sparingly) on dies | Hampshire coast, according to Da Costa ; at laugh- | Dice : age ame, |. 46 antiqua- Dr. Maton’s and Mr. RACKETT'S arne, Caermarthenshire, by the Rev. T. Rackett; and plentifully in Biddeford Bay, Devon, by Mr. Montagu. | S. testa ovali-oblon ga utrinque rotundata, cardine medio nunc unidentato nunc bidentato. . Adans. Seneg. t. 19. f. 3. Pennant Brit. Zool. À. t. 46. f. 25. Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 238. Schroter Flussconch. t. 9. f. 1T. Chemn. Conch. 6. t.6. f. 45? Linn. Gmel. p. 3227. S. coarctatus? Pult. in Hutch. Dorset. p. 28. t. 4. f. 5. ibid. S. fragilis. Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 114. . Montagu Test. Brit. p. 52. & p. 5l. Solen fragilis. Habitat in in mari. Testa 1 poll. longa, 2 lata, tenuis, sübpellucida, aids; sub epidermide fla- vescente-brunnea, levissime transversaliter substriata, a cardine ad marginem paululum depressa. Cardo ad medium teste. Valvula altera dente unico subulato, altera dentibus duobus dissimilibus recurvis. First noticed by Pennant, who mistook it for Solen Cultellus of Linnzus. Perhaps it is Solen coarctatus of Gmelin, but of this we are doubtful. Recent observa- 2 tions of Mr. Montagu have. determined Solen fragilis ibed by Dr. Pulteney to be Solen cognati in a ^ Neymouth={ (Pen dani) ty Mr. Bry er. Re- ~~ ceived from the. Hampshire coast by Da Costa. Mr. -Montagu has obtained it at Looe, i in Cornwall. 8. vespertinus. 8. Descriptive Catalogue of the British Testacea. AT desperti- S. testa ovali-oblonga compressiuscula, cardinis sinis- nus. - tre valve dente solitario, duplici. alterius inserto. Linn. Gmel. p. 3228. . a Pennant Brit. Zool. 4. t. AT. TER E Hina depressa. Chemn. Conch. 6. t. 7. f. 5980. a. b. _ Encyclop. Method. t. 998. f. 2. 9. minutus. Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 29. t. 5. f. ESN RA Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 41. f. 2. T. variabilis. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 94. Habitat in mari. Testa ad 14 poll. longa, fere 24 iih; alba radiis roseis vel purpurascentibus a: cardine ad marginem divergentibus, transversim snae, intus pur- purascens, crassiuscula, levis. First figured by Pennant. Found on the Dorset and ic Mak coasts.: S. testa ovali, Valvatarom angulis utrisque serratis. Linn. Syst. Nat. p. 1115. n. 42. Linn. Gmel. p. 3226. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 53. t. 1. f Å.. Habitat intra rupes marinas calcareas.. : Testa 4 poll. longa, 4 poll. lata, ovalis, striata, apice HERRES Carine a cardine versus apicem divergentes, acute, serrato-dentate. (Linn.) First noticed as British by Mr. Montagu, who found * . it burrowed in limestone at Plymouth. Otho Fabricius, in his Fauna Groenlandica, supposes the Solen minutus and Mya arctica of Linnæus to be the same shell; but he describes the latter as adhering to the roots of Alga, which does. not correspond with the habits of the former. The figures in Chemn. Conch. 6. t. 6. f. 51. 52. § Lister Conch. t. 426. f 261. pe _sent a larger specimen than ours. 10. squamosus. 48 Sr Dr. Mazon’s and Mr. RAckzTT's 10. .squamo- S, testa hakisin cardinis dentibus duobus bifidis, sus. ab umbone divergentibus. sum ` Montagu Test. Brit. P. 565. . Habitat in mari. Testa 2 poll. longa, i lata, tenuis, plana, pellucida, alba, rugis obsoletis . concentricis, minutissime punctata, quasi sagrinata; intus alba, levis |. glaberrima ; striis nonnullis obsoletis ab umbone radiantibus. Umbo | parvus centralis, ; Dentes erecti, sulco in duas laminas divisi. (Mon- SAM). CO 3 ~ This species hes been found only by Mr. Montagu, i in 7 Salcombe Bay, Devon. Pinna, S.testà depresso-subovata, valvulis ad Si rectis. ~ Montagu Test. Brit. e iet tU 35. id 3. -> Habitat in mari. | Testa $ poll. longa, 3 a tenuis, fragilis, disi she depressa, rugis . densis concentricis, Valvula altera paululum concava, altera convexior. hime, pues eos: exuemitatem, Mae Mero E Cardinis a MC : €T nube [243 19 p e. S TELLINA. “Linn, Syst. Nat. n. 305. | * Orate crassiusculæ. x a ‘cles 15 inserted in our ‘British catalogue on abe authority of the. late Mr. Adams; but it has never fallen under our own ADLee., | o a 23 Ferrüensis. m ; Descriptive Catalogue of the British Testacea. ::49 . 2. I orco T festa oblongo-ovata, subtiliter transversim striata, car- sis. dinis dentibus lateralibus nullis. Linn. Gm. p. 3235. Lister Anim. Angl. App. t. 1. f. 8. Conch. t. 394. f. 241. Peticer Gaz. t. 94. f. 9. Pennant Brit. Zool. t. 47. f. 31. Da Costa Brit. Conch. 209. t. 14. f. 1. T. radiata. Born. Mus. t. 2. f. 5. T. angulata. Chemn. Conch. 6. t. 10. f. 91. Linn. Gmel. p. 3231. T. Dornii. Encyclop. Method. t. 227. f. 5? Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 29. t. 6. f. 1. Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 60. T. trifasciata. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 55. Habitat in mari, rarior. _ Testa 3 poll. longa, 14 lata, albescens, idi rubris. fasciculatis a Cardi ad marginem, anticé productior oblique truncata. Valvule a cardine leviter carinatze, striis transversis versus marginem anteriorem in angu- lum deflexis. Cardinis Dentes duo obliqui in valvulis ambabus. Testa T. Gari maximé affinis. First figured by Lister, who found it at Scarborough, in Yorkshire. Found also on the western coast. We may here observe, that Lister’s figure and de- scription in the App. An. Angl. are referred to by Lin- neus, both in his Fauna Suecica and Systema Nature, for T. trifasciata, and also T. incarnata; but Lister’s shell does not accord with the specific characters of : either. Gmelin has retained Linnzus's errors, and makes a distinct species of Born's T. angulata, under the name of T. Borni. It is not T. angulata of Lin- neus, but is evidently the same with T. Ferroensis, above described. | | VOL. VIII. H : 3. inequi- MISSOURI : BOTANICAL a — Dr. Maton’s and Mr. Racxert’s | nea T. testa oblongo-rostrata, valvula altera plana. Linn. valvis. Syst. Nat. p. 1118. n. 56. Linn. Gmel. p. 3233. Chemn. Conch. 6. t. 11. f. 106. a. b. c. d? Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 41. f. 1. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 73. Habitat in mari. Testa 4 poll. longa, 1 poll. lata, lactea, levis, pellucida. Sutura dorsalis recta, excurrens in rostrum obtusum patulum. Valvula altera plana, al- tera convexa. Cardo dentibus duobus, absque lateralibus. First described as British by Mr. Donovan. Small ones are found on the Kentish coast. A. idi donacina. T. testa ovata, compresso-planiuscula, leviuscula, an- t.1. f-7. terius obtusissima. Linn. Syst. Nat. p. 1118. n. 59. Linn. Gmel. p..3234. . Gualt. Test. t. 88. f. N. . Pennant Brit. Zool. n.39?...... “Ties in Hutch. Dorset. e 99. i i 42. T: 8. b. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 58. | Habitat in mari. Testa 4 poll.longa, vel paululum major, 1 pati: lata, levis, gabri; semipel- lucida, colore albo-lutescente, radiis plurimis rubris, ab umbonibus ad marginem, minutissime transversim striata, sulcis vel rugis 2 vel 3 ob- soletis: facie Donacis. Cardo versus extremitatem, in altera valvula dentibus duobus, primario bifido ; in altera dente unico. First found near Sandwich, in Kent, by Mr. Boys. It ince been observed at Weymouth by Dr. Pulteney, Cornish. dnd. Joyogshins coasts by Mr. punicea. T. testa einas se quiinters, densissime transversim striata. Linn. Gmel. «P 3239. 8 Born Descriptive Catalogue of the British Testacea. | 51 Born Mus. t. 2. f. 8. ` Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 29. t. T. f: 5. T. lota. -~ Donovan Brit. Shells, T 123. T. inaequistriata. 6. depressa. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 57. T. leta. Habitat in mari, rarior. Testa 3. poll. longa, 14 lata, depressa, delicatissime striata, colore rosaceo vel flavescente-albo, fasciis candidis, intus glaberrima punicea. Um- bones acuti. Cardo in medio teste. Dentes tres; lateralis remotior obsoletus. j First described as British by Dr. Pulteney. Found between Weymouth and Portland, Dorset, by Mr. Bryer. We have Sübetituted uel s name of T. punicea for Dr. Pulteney's T. leta, as his edition of the Systema Nature is in general use, and was prior to the publica- tion of the Dorsetshire Catalogue. This rule we have generally observed in the following pages. The name of T. leta was first given to this species by Dr. Solan- der, in a description of Testacea in the Portland Museum, but which he left unfinished, and which was never printed. : T. testa inzequilatera, depressa, minutissime striata. Linn. Gmel. p. 3238. Gualt. Test. t. 88. f. L. Chemn. Conch, 6. t. 10. f. 96. Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 99.1 t. ii s. f 2, T. squalida. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 56, T. squalida. Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 163. Habitat in mari, rarior. Testa 1 poll. longa, 14 lata, tenuis, subdiaphana, subflava seu a as, anterius productior, angulata, acutiuscula; Pus rotundata, sub- H 2 . tilissime 52 T. Dr. Maton’s and Mr. Racxerr’s tilissimé transversim striata. Umbones acuti. Cardinis dentes m val- vula altera duo, in altera tres; unus remotior. First noticed as British by Dr. Pulteney, who found it sparingly on the North shore, near Poole, and at Weymouth, Dorset. Found in Cornwall and Devon- shire, by Mr. Montagu ; and at Tenby, Pembrokeshire, by Mr. Donovan. This species, called by Dr. Solatieer P alia, and commonly known to British collectors by that name, is evidently T. depressa of Gmelin, which appellation we have retained for the reasons before stated. Fabula. T. testa ovata compressa inflexa, anterius substriata, valva altera levi, altera oblique substriata, striis re- flexis. Linn. Gmel. p. 3239. Gronov. Zooph. 1.18. f. 9. Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. is 34. $ 12, TRU 3. § f. 3.a. T. discors. — Donovan Brit. Shells, " 97. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 61. Habitat in mari, rarior. rims Testa 3; poll. longa, 45, lata, tenuis, glabra, alba seu subflava. Tellin depress simillima, sed vix dimidiam magnitudinem zequans, striis in valvulam sinistram vix nisi oculo armato aspiciendis. — Cardinis dentes tres in valvula sinistra, duo in altera. First noticed by Mr. Boys, who found it at Sandwich. It has been seen also near Tenby, S. Wales, and. at = Kingsbridge, Devon, by Mr. Montagu ; and on Studland tenuis. c e beach, d of Purbeck, Dorset, iP the Rev. T. Rackett. T. testa subtriangulari-planiuscule, tenerrima. Lister Conch.. t. A04. i 251. Fx . Petiver Descriptive Catalogue of the British Testacea. 55 — Petiver Gaz. t. 94. f. 5. Pennant Brit. Zool. 4. t. 48. f 29. T. planata. Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 210. Chemn. Conch. 6. t. 11. f. 101? Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 29. t. 5. T 3. T. polita. ~ Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 19. fig. tres inf. .—. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 59. Habitat in mari, frequens. Testa 4 poll. longa, 4 lata, tenuis, fragillima, depressa, glabra, subtilis- simé transversim striata, anterius subangulata, colore rubro, vel in- carnato, albo vel flavo, fasciis pallidioribus concentricis ey Cardo dente unico laterali, valyule alterius. First figured by Lister. Common on most of our . shores. 9 . striata. - 10. — 2 fausta. t. 1. f. 8. T. testa — utrinque. rotundata. ex | roseo-alba pellucida. Linn. Gmel. p.3938. “Gualt. test. t. 89. f. C. Chemn. Conch. 6. t. 12. f. 117. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 60. Habitat in mari. E Testa 1 poll. longa, 4 lata, glabra, striis minutissimis. . concentricis, intus- . rosacea, Cardinis dentes duo, cum lateralibus remotis lamellatis. : Noscitur a T. tenui striis transversis regularibus, et dentibus crassis — lateralibus. (Montagu.) . Found only by x Bryer, between | Weymouth and T. testa suborbiculata, stris transversis minutissimis ob- - soletis. . Lister Conch. t. 266. a 102; ? Born Mus. t. 9. f. 11. : Chemn. 54 Dr. Maton’s and Mr. Racxett’s Chemn. Conch. 6. t. 12. f. 112. bene. Pultenei y in Hutch. Dorset. p. 29. t. 5. " 5. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 64. Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 98. Habitat in man. — Testa 1 poll. longa, 16. iota, «NÉ lactea, subdiaphana, levis, de- pressior, marginibus utrinque rotundatis, intus glaberrima flavescens. Umbones acutiusculi. Cardinis dens panum bifidus; dens lateralis | valvulee dextrae remotior et solidior. "Put described as British by Dr. Pulteney, who says it is found at-Weymouth, Dorset. Gmelin has referred to the above figures in Born and Chemnitz for T. Remies of Linnæus; but our shell does not sufficiently agree with his descuphom as it cannot S be said to be rugose. 11. | reticulata.'T. testa lentiformi compressa, rata Linn. Syst. t. l. F9 rx Nat. p. 1119. | Rumph. Mus. t. . E. | => Chemn. Conch. 6. t. 12. m 118. bene. | | Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 99. t. 5. J-A. T. “proficua. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 67. T. proficua. Halitat in mari, rarissima. Testa diametro 1 poll. vel magis, alba, compressa, striis transversis elatio- ribus, minus approximatis, interstitiis numerosissime longitudinaliter striatis, striis lynceis tantum oculis conspiciendis ; intus flavescens. . - Cardo fossula magna lineari juxta denfes laterales, t acie? : as ees by Dr. r. Pulteney who found p ive Radula. ! E Petiver Gaz. t. 93. T 18. end” e d Favanne 13. crassa. Descriptive Catalogue of the British Testacea. Jos Favanne Conch. t. 48. f. 3. Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 130. bene. V. borealis. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 68. t 2. f. 1,2. bene. Habitat in mari. Testa diametro 11 poll. feré orbicularis, alba, vix pellucida, striis con- centricis numerosis distinctissimis elatioribus recurvis, intus cretacea. Margo integerrimus, intus striis membranaceis longitudinalibus confer- tis. Umbones acuti, paululum prominentes. Differt a T. reticulata quod magis orbicularis et caret striis longitudinalibus. First figured by Petiver, who calls it ** 'Thread-girdled White Cockle.” It has been found plentifully in Corn- wall and Devonshire; and less frequently at Llaugh- arne, Caermarthenshire, by Mr. Montagu. 3 T. testa subrotunda depressa, sulcis transversalibus numerosissimis, — Lister Conch. t. 299. T 136. Pennant Brit. Zool. À. t. 48. iid " Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 194. t. 13. f. 4. dextra. Pect. ressior. xe depressio v - Linn. Gmel. p. $288. Venus crassa. | . Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 30. t 7. Jf 4. PE pu. | Montagu Test. Brit. p. 65. Donovan Brit. Shells, FÉ 103. T. Beide. D mari, e longa, 2 dés: colore. subalbido, in e " n fasciis rosaceis, "ule dentibus duo- : le E dentibus lateralibus - duobus. = First figured and described by Pennant. Found on ~ the Cornish coast, by Da Costa; at Weymouth, Dor- — set, by Dr. Pulteney ; 5 and. on the Devonshire coast, by zt Mr. Montagu. | | nid ' Gelin 14. lactea. 15; «votunda- ta. 16. flexuosa. Dr. Maros's and Mr. RACKETT’S Gmelin (who appears to have described too many species merely from figures) has placed this shell as a Venus,—an error to which he was led by indulging a conjecture only on Lister's plate, where the hinge is not represented. T. testa lentiformi gibba alba pellucida lævi. Linn. Syst. Nat. p. 1119. n. 69. Linn. Gmel. p. 3240. Gualt. Test. t. 71. f. D. Chemn. Conch. 6. t. 13. f. 125. Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 30. t. 5. f. 9. Montagu Test. Brit. ETOL S-A Habitat in mari, rarior. Testa diametro 3. poll., alba, convexa, -okt transversim striata, rugis nonnullis antiquata. Cardo in altera valvula constat dentibus duobus, in altèra dente unico. Distinguitur a cæteris quod sulcus ab umbone versus suturam decurrit. - First described by Dr. Pulteney. It is found on va- rious parts of the coast, but not common. T. testa subcohvexa arhoali velvulis bidentatis, dente altero bifido, altero divergente. Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 30. t. 5. f. 8. T. undata. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 71. t. 2. f. 3. : Habitat in mari. Testa interdum diametro 1 poll., subdiaphana, candida, striis transversis feré obsoletis; intus glaberrima, candida, cicatrice nulla. Umbones recurvi, prominuli. Testa V. undatc affinis, umbone vero minus pro- ducto, et dentibus duobus tantum. Found at Poole, Donet; and on the Cornish and DR Devonshire coasts. T. testa Serpe meris, sinu ‘ab umbone ad mar- . ginem decurrente. Donovan Descriptive Catalogue of the Pris Testacea. 57 Donovan Brit. Shells, t, 42. £ à. Me sinuosa, - Montagu Test. Brite M 12. p — Habitat in mari. | dii ` Testa diametro vix 4. poll. nivea, bacis rugosa, Margo plica seu sinu impressus. Cardinis dens obsoletus. — , - First discovered in Cornwall, by Mr. Montagu ; not . . uncommon on the South coast of Devon. - | 17; carnaria. T. testa Seien queri levi, utrinque incarnata, ob- lique striata, striis hinc reflexis. Linn. Syst. Nat. p. 1419. n. 66. Linn. Gmel. p. 3240. _ Lister Conch. t. 339. f. 176. | Born Test. t. 2. f. 14. ; Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 181. Card. carneosum. .. Chemn. Conch. 6. t. 13. f. 126. E: Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. do. t Sf bes 2 .. Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 47. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 13. Habitat in mari. i _ Testa diametro ferè 1 poll., colore rosaceo, fasciis transversis albis apici- ‘busque roseis, parum convexa, subtilissime striata, Area antica con- stat striis obliquis a margine anteriore ; postica striis transversis, un- dulatis ; intermedia striis obliquis : ab umbone versus su gorem par- tem. Cardo dentibus congenerum. — First goned by Da Costa, from Yorkshires Devon- da m = Dr Pulteney n Steere T - bimacula-T. testa triangulo-subrotunda, latiore, levi, albida ; : fa. intus maculis duabus sanguineis subrotundis. Linn. «s Fn. Suec. n. 2135. due Nat. p 1120. ; n. ut Linn. | Gmel. p. 3240. a VOL. VIII. =I De Costa : jabdula. Dr. Maros's and Mr. RAckETT's Da Costa Brit. Conch. pc 213. Chemn. Conci. 6. t. 13. f. 197, 4 132. Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 30. t. 5. f- T. Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 19. f. 1, 2 Montagu Test. Brit. p. Pai Habitat in mari, rarior. Testa magnitudine unguis extimi poi E us ‘shbdidptinns, maculis ine ternis parum pellucentibus, interdum radiis purpurascentibus, minu- tissime transversim obsolete striata. Cardinis Dens primarius duplex, in medio testz, satis manifestus. First noticed by Da Costa, from Tes coasts of Hip: shire and Lancashire. Dr. Pulteney and Mr. Bryer procured it from the Dorsetshire coast, near Weymouth. T. testa subglobosa, anterius subangulata. Bonanni Recr. 2. f. 44. Mus: Kirch. 2. f. 43. Lister Anim, Angl. t. À. f. 25. Conch fi $05. f. 250. Petiver Gaz. t. 94. f26. 5 oe oes | Pennant Brit. Zool. A. t. A9. 39: Tc carnaria. Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 211. t. 12. f. 4. T. rubra. Favanne Conch. t. 49. f. B.5? = Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 29. t. 8. f ve Montagu Test. Brit. p.63. : Habitat in mari, frequens. — Testa diametro fere 1 poll. solida, valde convexa, pesi fasciis concentricis. rubris, luteis, albidis variegata; intus glaberrima, rubra, alba, vel lutea. do constat dentibus duobus parvis in alterutra valvula.. weoneneny: of our shores need 4 or 5 inches. First gore a deante | as . British- by Lister. Pennant mistook this species for T. carnaria of Lin- neus. Gmelin has referred to is of it for varieties of 20. cornea. . im rivers and Lge T Descriptive Catalogue of the British Testacea. 50 of T. incarnata; but it neither corresponds with Lin- mwus's description “ compresso-planiuscula ;" nor will it fall into the subdivision where he has placed that shell. T. testa globosa, glabra, colore corneo, sulco transver- sali. Linn. Fauna Suecica, n. 2138. Syst. Nat. p. 1120. n. (2. Linn. Gmel. p. 3241. Lister Anim. Angl..t. 2. f. 31. App. t. 1. f. 5. Conch. t. 159. f. 14. | Gualt. Test. t. 7. f. C. - D'Argenv. Conch. t. 31. f.9. | Pennant. Brit. Zool. 4. t. 49. f. 36. Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 113. t. 13. fi 2. Cardium Nux. Muller Verm. p. 202. 'Y.rivalis. odor oiaret 3 Chemn. Conch. 6. Ti AS. d 133. a. dus € n on Maton in Act. Soc. Linn. 3. t. 18. f. 89, 40 Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 31. t. 7. f. 2. Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 95. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 86. Cardium c corneum. Lister Anim. Angl. App. p. 22. Riga Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. axe Cz amnicum. Habitat in rivis et paludibus copiosissima. Incola vivipara. - ‘Testa magnitudine seminis pisi majoris, sub epidermide ` 'cornei coloris, osa; lzevis, valde gibba, latior transversim qua ma cardinibus a an- - trorsum uno ies striave EM ante First otc s T. ter, who ES mentions the va- riety, which is Dr. Pulteney's C.: 'amnicum. Common 60 21. Dr. Maton’s and Mr. RAcxETT's lacustris. T. testa rhombea planiuscula alabra, umbone acuto. 92. amnica. Linn. Gmel. p. 3942. Muller Verm. p. 204. n. 388. Chemn. Conch. 6. t. 13. f. 135. | Schrót. Flussconch. p. 191. n. 12. lola 4125] Mi ontagu Test. Brit. p 89. Curium lacustre. Habitat in rivis. Incola vivipara. — Testa $s poll. longa, 4t, lata, glabra, tenuis, pellucida, cornei coloris, sub epidermide fusca. Valvule versus marginem complanate seu depressze. Umbones valde prominentes. Cardo dente primario simplici in altera valvula, in altera bifido, cum dentibus lateralibus in alterutra valvula. Distinguitur a T. cornea; quod subrhombea, umbones des d margo compressus. Discovered by Mr. Swaimon: ina siet near Bul- strode. Found by Mr. Montagu near Hatch, Devon; in the Avon at Lackham ; and àt Wedhampton, Wilts. TN testa. oblique subovata, t — Gualt. Test. t T- 4 ©, e. Chemn. Conch. 6. t. 13. ff. 194. Ed Muller Verm. p. 205. n. 389. Linn. Gmel. p. 3242. — Maton in Act. Soc. Linn. 3. Be 44. 4.13. f 37, Se X. rivalis. Donovan Brit. Shells, t.. 6A. f. 2. T. rivalis. | eny i in Hutch. Dorset. t. 7. f. 2. a. yu Test. Brit. p. 86. Cardium ETE n rivis, rarior. Incola vivipara. - E Tota 3 poll. longa,. + lata, coloris cornei, rdg: Ss latioribus, anterius ~~ planiuscula, cardinis dentibus duriusculis prominulis. Differt a T. cor- mea, quod umbones acutiores, ct cardo versus extremitatem nec ad medium teste, (Maton.) First E anedium. Descriptive Catalogue of the British Testacea. 61 -First distinguished as British by Dr. Maton, in the sd Vol. of the Linnean "Transactions. Found in the rivers N. and S. Avon, Wilts, the Stour, and the Ware- ham river, Dorset. CARDIUM ^ Linn. Syst. N at. n. 306. C. testa subcordata, subangulata, valvulis angulatis, sulcatis, levibus. Linn. Syst. Nat. p. 1122. n. 77. M. L.U. p.485. Linn. Gmel. p. 3246. Lister Conch. t. 316. f. 153. T Gualt. Test. t. 85. f. B. ! | Chemn. Conch. 6. t. 16. f. 162, 10 ct — Donovan. Test. Brit. t. 88. fk = 9 * Montagu Test. Brit. p. 83. Habitat in mari. Testadiametro I poll, alba, maculis spadiceis aut fuseis variata, costis pluri- mis cum intermediis sulcis lzevibus, valvulis altero latere quasi trunca- tis, medio tamen prominentibus. Cardinis dens primarius unicus. First figured by Mr. Donovan. Found at Hartle- __ poole, Durham, 22 the Rev. T. Rackett. a ep c. testa subcordata, subangulata, sulcis. recurvato-im- _bricatis. | | : | Lustig Walker TUR . Min Linn. Gmel. p. 3255. -. Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 32... 3. C. pygmaum. | Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. t... PS Lk. Montagu Test, Brit, p. 82- Habitat in maris M em | Testa 62 Dr. Maton’s and Mr. RAcKkETT's Testa diametro 4 poll. vel paululum major, alba vel ochracea, intus can- dida, costis 20 tuberculatis, interstitiis dense transversim striatis, First found by Mr. Boys, at Sandwich; and figured by Walker. Found also in Falmouth Harbour, by Dr. Maton. notuosstE-3e 5... i 3; aculeatum.C. testa subcordata, sulcis convexis linea exaratis, ex- — terius aculeato-ciliatis. Linn. Syst. Nat. p. 1122. n. 78. Linn. Gmel. p. 3247. : Guait. Test. t. 12. f. A. Seba Mus. 3. t. 86. f. 4. Favanne Conch, t. 52. A. = Pennant Brit. Zool. 4. t. 50. f. 37. Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 175. Chemn. Conch. 6. t. 15. f. 155—157. Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 6. Montagu Test. Bey. cp NL 3 Habitat in mari. = ee Testa cordata, postice magis ae convexa, sulcata: D rede pluri- mis, exaratis, distantibus, versus marginem exteriorem repando-denta- tum; dentibus acutis, distantibus, compressis. Color extus rufescens, intus albicans, sulcis plurimis. Rima ovato-oblonga, hians. Cardinis dentes primores in altera valvula duo, in altera vero unicus; alterno minore, marginalis utrinque unicus compressus, ad eo rectum. formatus. (Linn. Mus. Lud. Ulr. p. 485.) B Fit figured by Pennant, who says it is found off the = Bb ides and Sins Mr. Montagu has found it on spinosum. G Pia oblique os ding: truncata, sulcis emi- - nentioribus spinoso-aculeatis. | Sowerby Brit. Miscel. p. 65. t. 32; Habitat in mari, m Testa Descriptive Catalogue of the British Testacea. 63 Testa similis C. aculeato, sed tenuior, magis truncata. Spine compressæ, acute, altero teste latere versus Eu Miete è cardine flexi. .. (Sowerly.) | : = This species was first libtieed; by Mr. Sow erby, on whose authority it is here given, and who received it from the coast of Devonshire. 5: è echina- C.testa subcordata, sulcis exaratis, linca ciliata, aculeis _ tum. inflexis plurimis. Linn. Fauna Suecica, n. 2139. Syst. Nat. p. 1192. n. 79. Linn. Gmel. p. 3247. Lister Anim. Angl. t. 5. f. 33. Conch. t. 324. f. 161. Seba Mus. 3. 1. 86. f -IEN SGA dose tse Gualt. Test. t. 72. f. B. tm me Murray in Amen. Acad. t. 2. f..19. Muller Zool. Dan. p. 46. t. 13. ts 12.—t 2f) 1—4. Pennant Brit. Zool. n. 98. - y : Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 76. t. 1. f: 2. Favanne Conch. t. 52. f. C. 2. Chemn. Conch. 6. t. 15. f. 158. Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 30. t. 6. f. Js Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 107. Vid Lag Montagu Test. Brit. P. vig =- Habitat in mari, frequens. - s — Testacordata, umbonibus Etha; exarata, aise 10dsanibus, dentis icato- | carinatis, ciliatis, spinis parvis, sepius 12, erectis, subulatis, interstitiis ITA sulcorum transversim striatis, at non in n medio st _ Margo dentibus. . obtusis alterni: oribus in | apice a se invicem poss ee alba est , ui : a. Cardinis dentes primores bini recurvi, altero. minore, marginis utrinque solitarius, compressus, fossula distinctus. (Linn. Mus. Lud. Ulr. p. E First noticed ri D |... 6. ciliare. 64 6. ciliare. T. Dr. Maton’s and Mr. RAckETT's ` C. testa subcordata, sulcis elevatis triquetris, extimis aculeato-ciliatis. Linn. Syst. Nat. p. 1122. n. 80. Linn. Gmel. p. 3243. — Lister Conch. t. 325. f. 162, Gualt. Test. t. 12. f. C.. Pennant Brit. Zool. À. t. . 50. o. f. 39. Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 177. C. parvum, | Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 31. t. 4. f. 1. - Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 32. f. 2. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 79. Habitat in mari, rarior. Testa diametro 3- poll. tenuis, nivea ; palet triquetti, latere scilicet altero adnato. (Linn.) . Found on the Dorset pin by Dr. Pulteney ; ; and in Cornwall and Devonshire, by Mr. Montagu; but rare. It has been brought also from the Orkneys. tubercu- C. testa subcordata, sulcis obtusis, nodosis, transversim latum. striatis. Linn. Syst. Nat. Re 1122. n. 81. Linn. Gmel. p. 3248. Bonann. Recr. 2. f. 100. Rumph. Mus. t. 48. f. 11. Seba Mus. 3. t. 80. f. 7. | Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 31. t. 2. f. 2. Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 107. f. 2. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 19. $ p. 568. — ersin n bia x versus latera et eorum extrema nodis aliquot ea Margo dentatus, dentibus anteriori- = cum exterioribus cohærentibus, Color albidus, fasciis aliquot luteo- Scis, ' | : Descriptive Catalogue of the British Testacea. 65 Testa simillima C.echinato, fere omnibus etiam rima, | cardine, dentibus, -diversa tantum colore, striis, aculeis, (Linn. Mus. Lud. Ulr. p. 486.) First noticed by Dr. Pulteney on the Dorset coast ; found by Mr. Montagu at the mouth of the Ex, Devon. The specimens we have seen are stronger, thicker, and larger than C. echinatum. 8. ! | | lgvigatum.C. testa obovata, striis obsoletis longitudinalibus. Linn. Syst. Nat p. 1123. n. 88. M. L. U. p. 490. Linn. Gmel. p. 3251. | Lister Anim. Angl. t. 5. f. 32. — Conch. t. 332. f. 169. . Petiver Gaz. £. 98. f. 10... Pennant Brit. Zool. 4. t. 51. f. 40. C. i cecal. Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 178. t. 13. f. 6. Chemn. Conch. 6. t. 18, f. 189. Linn. Gmel. p. 3255. C. fluviatile. - Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 31. t. T. 6 6. Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 54. C. levigatum. . Montagu Test. Brit. p. 80. Habitat in mari, frequens. Testa interdum diametro 2 poll. sub epidérmide rufescente-brunneá, lutes- cente- vel rufescente-alba, solida, rugis striisque nonnullis transversis. Margo intus crenatus, Tate pn ieri colore rosaceo J variegatæ. `. "This species was first etm by Lister. Gmelin has x B ERN to that author's figure for. an. ron ies stituted. penis which he calls Cardium fluvi edule. T testa antiquata, bsolete recurvato-imbri- . - eatis. Linn. Fauna Suecica, n. 2141. Sy = Nat. p.1124. em 90. Linn. Gmel p.3259. ^^ Lister Anim. Angl. t. 5. zd $4. — Conch t. 993. f- ITI. Gualt. Test, t, T1. F. - : P - VOL. VIII. K ec Knorr 66 ! —— Dr. Marow's and Mr. Racxetr’s Knorr Vergn. 6. t. 8. F. 4. | Penndut Brit. Zool. 4. t. 50: f. ål. C, edule. Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 180. t. 11. f. 1. Chemn. Conch. 6. t. 19. f. 194. Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 80.4 11. f. T... - Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 124. F 2. E rusticum. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 70. C. edule — _ Habitat in sinubus. sub arena, vulgaris. . Testa magnitudine nucis juglandis, crassa, sub epidermide nigricante, lutes- ... . eente-alba, rugis duobus tribusve transversis. Sulci longitudinales cir- citer 26, interjecto spatio vix striato. Hi sulci in umbonibus leves, versus marginem imbricato-rugosi, versus marginem profunde insculpti. Testa intus alba, levis, antice violaceo- brunnea. -A variety, much larger, from the shores of Essex, is + called the Ross Cockle. This is figured by Mr. Dono- van for Cardium rusticum. rubrum. CE testa. rotundata, convexa, c cardinis dentibus primariis uoc m e obsoletis, lateralibus. enfer: ses : Montagu Test. Brit. p. 9: iae Walker Test. Min. Rar. a. 862 Habitat fh. mari. Testa minuta 4 poll. lata, glabra, PS uve subra, utrinque ro- .— tundata ; intus glabra, rubra, margine integerrimo. ( Montagu.) | From the Kentish coast. (Walker.) Found at Fal- — .-— mouth, and Kingsbridge, Devon, by Mr. Montagu. nodosum. í is 24, tuberculis nu- Montag Test, Bri cm Sh | Ape Halitat in mari, rarior. EO a ine : Testa diametro 3 poll. recent m minus s convexa, costis minus acu- : tis, Descriptive Catalogue of -the British Testacea. 67 tis, tuberculis obtusioribus et di&tantioribus quam in testa juniore C. echinati. (Montagu.) Discovered at Falmouth, in Cornwall, by Mr. Mon- tagu. 19. : arcuatum. C. testa orbiculari, transverse arcuatim striata. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 85. t. 3. f. 2. Habitat in mari. Testa Telling divaricate affinis, diametro vix 4 poll. tenuis, fragilis, semi- pellucida, alba, sed non glabra, subtilissimé striata, rugis nonnullis concentricis. Umbones centrales, acuti. For the discovery of this elegant species we are in-. debted to Mr. Montagu ; he describes it : as rare in Fal- mouth Harbour. ' 13. | discors, C. testa suborbiculari, maxime coUo. valvulis oblique Sstriatis.. Montagu Test. Brit. P 84. Linn. Gmel. p. 3241?- "T pisiformis. Halitat in mari. Testa magnitudine pisi, glabra, alba, striis obliquis (vix oculo nudo dis- cernendis), in angulum acutum decurrentibus. Cardo dente primario - in valvula alterutra ; D: lateralibus. Jamellatis. remotis. (Mog: tagu.) 5 Thisisa doubtful species hetoi to Mr. r Montag; | who observes that he found only one dead pecine, at | : pe, in Cornwall. 14. SR P elonga- €. tonius angi ioni tis 21 rotun- tum. datis, evite ru s. ontagu Pur Brit, 5 Bg. Habitat i in mari. | ADM Testa diametro 4 poll. daveueige-alba vel rufescens, . ~~ ong s e. angulata. Umbo non centralis. (Montagu.) - da AERA by dredging in Salcombe Pay, Deve 'on. * | - E2 EM 15. muri- 68 c Dr. Marow's and Mr. Racxsrrt’s murica- C. testa cordata, opaca, alba, margine muricato. Mon- tulum. | tagu Test. Brit. p. 85. Walker Test. Min. Rar. f. 84. Habitat in mari, minuta. Found at Shepey Bland, K Beat. Not uncommon, (Walker.) x ; MAC RA | Linn. Syst. Nat. n. 307. : T dealbata. M. testa ovata, hiante, cardinis dente medio complicato, t.1.f.10. denticuloque laterali. Linn. Gmel. p. 3260? M. | pellucida ? Chemn. Conch. 6. t. 24. f. 234? i Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 31. t. 7. f. T. M. dealbata. , Montage Test. Brit. p 95. t. e$ Jf. Lc M. gisalbato. — Habitat in mari, rarissima, pe 3 Testa 13 poll. longa, pgs En són; tein, candida, leviter | A transversim striata. Umbones acutiusculi. Cardo valvule unius con- stat ex foveola triangulari, cum dente complicato, antrorsum porrecto, -et denticulo laterali, postice inclinato; alterius ex foveolis duabus - triangularibus. First noticed as British by Dr. Pulteney, who received . it from Mr. Bryer of Weymouth. The figure we have given was taken from a specimen Sco a Dr. Pulteney’s cabinet. It appears to differ a little from the shell fig ured in Testacea Britannica, which was . drawn from. another spectu found at woh by Mr. NS. a 3 hu * : | SKIN M. testa ovata, E e alba, ees diis sabtiliceinte transversim Descriptive Catalogue of the British Testacea. 69. transversim striata, anterius rugosa. Linn. Gmel. p. 3260. Lia Born Mus. t. 3. f. 1L 12? Kor : Chemn. Conch. 6. t. 23. f. 232, 233, - - Encyclop. Method. t. 256. f. 1. . Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 125. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 571. Habitat in mari. Testa ad 34 poll. longa, 44 lata. Umbones retrorsum versi, rima inter- media angusta, (Gmel.) | Found only by Miss Pocock, on Hale Sands, Cornwall. radiata. M. testa tenui, fragili, subtriangulari, compressa, albida, subtilissime striata, testaceo-radiata. Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 161. Habitat in mari. Testa diametro 2 poll. denied — brünnea. -Found by Mr. Laskey upon Langston Beach, near Portsmouth, after a storm. (Donovan.) ida, endi aiiis. EpideMinis ewe T | Stultorum. M. testa subdiaphana, levi, obsolete radiata, intus pur- purascente, regione umbonali gibba. Linn. Syst. Nat. p. 1126. n. 99. Linn. Gmel. p. 3258; * Gualt. Test. t.71.f.C. — Adans. Seneg. t. 17. f. 16? ~ Murray in Amen, Acad. 8, Knorr Vergn: 6. t. 5. f. hee is — 7 Pennant Brit. Zool. 4. t. 49. f. 30. 3 . .- 3Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 196. t. 12. fs 3. l Born Mus. p. 50. vign. Chemn. Conch. 6. t. 23. f. 224, 225. Encyclop. Method. t. 256. f. 3. t. Pulteney 70 Li e OS solida. ` Lister Anim. Angl. t. 4. f. 24. Dr. Maton’s and Mr. Rackett’s Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 31. t. 8. f. 3 Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 106. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 94. Halitat in mari. Testa ad 14 poll. longa, et 2 lata, fere triangularis, tenera, fragilis, levis, subpellucida, cinerascens, radiis longitudinalibus rufescente-cinereis, levissime transversim striata. Umlones minime prominentes. Margo exterior integerrimus, acutus. Cardinis Dens medius complicatus, cui adjicitur foveola triangularis. Dentes laterales in altera testa elon- - gati, quibus in opposita testa respondent foveole. - First figured by Pennant, who mistook it for Tellina radiata of Linneus. M. testa opaca, leviuscula, subantiquata. Linn. Syst. Nat. p. 1126. n. 100. Linn. e p- 3259. Rondel. Test. 1. c. T. = ES Bonann. Recr. 2. t. 51. Conch. t. 253. f. 87. Petiver Gaz. t. 94. f. 7. Knorr Vergn. 6. taf Penn. Brit. Zool. A. t. 51. fà A3. A. M. solida; t. 52. f. 43. Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 197. t. 15. f. 1. Trigonella Zonaria, et t. 14. f. 6. T. gallina. A Chemn. Conch. 6. t. 23. f. 229, 230. Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 31. t. 12. f. 1. Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 61. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 92. Habitat frequens i in mari. Testa 14 pol Sdonga;14 lata, subtriangularis, subantiquata, crassa, sub- — depressa, subalbida, vel flavescente-brunnea 5 seniores res angulis aut fasciis lacteis, cinereis, vel ceruleis transversim pictee ; ; intus albida. Cardo dentibus lateralibus minus elongatis quam in preecedente. Umbones prominuli, acutiores. Margo integerrimus. First described and peated by Lister. > 6. sub- Descriptive Catalogue of the British Testacea. 71 subtrun- M. testa triangulata, dM Spes pecie, umbonibus tu- cata. midioribus. t. 1. f. 10. Dad Costa Brit. Conch: p. 198. ee T niich: Pennant Brit. Zool. t. 52. f. 42. M. Stultorum. Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 126. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 93. Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. t. 5. f. 10. Habitat in mari, Testa Mactree solide affinis, sed vix dimidiam magnitudinem equans; sub- albida, omnino absque cingulis, fere equilatera. First figured by Pennant. Not uncommon on the 2 POP coast. PHA uoi. | T^ | _ Listeri. M. testa tenera, compressa, subrotunda, foveola dentis . cardinis triangulari. . Linn. Gmel. ip. 3261. No m Rete tk SA —— ^ Lister Anim. Angl. t. 4. ji 29. Petiver Gaz. t. 94. f. 3. Pennant Brit. Zool. n. 59. V. borealis. Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 200. t.13. ahs l. Sigppell plana. Olivi Adr. t. 4. f.1?. dios doni adii aiv Encyclop. Method. t. 257. F k ; xs T * Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p.31. t.7. f.1. M. compressa. Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 64. f. 1. Tellina pl plana. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 96. _M. compr ssa. — Habitat in mari, ad ostia fluminum. v ^ ` |. Testa M poll. longa, 9 lata, precedentibus affinis, tenuis, fragilis, subdia- x ~ phana, sordide alba, interdum fasciis cinereis cincta, levissime striata, subrugosa. Cardinis dentes primarii duo, altero, . bifido; dentes laterales. nulli. - First described. and | figured by Lister, and denomi- E o o pated Conch.. t. 253. f. 88.. E E. = 19 Dr. Maton’s and Mr. Rackert’s nated M. Listeri by Gmelin, in compliment to that la- borious and accurate author. 8. | . tenuis. M. testa compressa, subtriangulari, equilatera; cardinis dente in altera valvula PARURE et dentibus laterali- bus remotis. see Montagu Test. Brit. p. 572. - — Supplen. LI FT Halitat in mari, ad littora. Testa + poll. longa et lata, vel paululum major, tenera, sénipelucida, alba, rugis concentricis; intus lzvis, glabra; cicafrice conica, lata. Valvula una dente bifurcato et dentibus duobus lateralibus lamellatis remotis ; altera dente simplici; foveola in utraque. Umbo centralis, productior. - Distinguitur a M. Listeri, dentibus lateralibus; a testis junioribus M., solide et M. Stultorum facie et dentibus primariis, et quod una temm valvula gaudeat dentibus lateralibus. (Montagu.) - . Discovered by Mr. Montagu at Southampton; found also by Mr. Bryer at Weymouth, Dorset. 9. triangu- M. testa. subtriangulari; altera valvula dente unico laris. Crasso “bifido, altera fossula triangulari inter denti- culos duos. M seeds Test. Brit: P- 99. b 3. y 5. Habitat in mari, rarior. Testa diametro + poll. crassa, opaca, s; albi, vba pom Gaoi pro- minentes, obtusi. Margo crenatus. Discovered by Mr. Montagu in Falmouth Harbour, and on the South coast of Devon. OPI ciety) i in v Hutch. Dorset. * 5. F X Habitat in man. ee DAE Testa magnitudine faboe minoris, sehen, alba, convexa, margine postico ro- OS tundato, * Descriptive Catalogue of the British Testacea. 13 _tundato, antico subangulato. Cardinis dens solitarius inseritur in fo- veolam alterius teste, cujus dentes marginales obsoleti. First discovered at Sandwich in Kent, by Mr. Boys ; found in Salcombe and Biddeford Bays, Devonshire, by Mr. Montagu. Called Mactra Boysti by Mr. Montagu, as a tribute of respect to that ingenious and indefatigable natu- ralist, the late W. Boys, Esq. of Sandwich. ll r lutraria, M. testa bial oblonga levi, dentibus lateralibus nullis. — Linn. Fauna Suecica, n. 2128. Syst. Nat. p. 1126, n. 101. Linn. Gmel. p. 3259. | Lister Anim. Angl. t. 4. f. 19. — Conch. t. 415. f. 259. Pennant Brit. Zool. 4, t. 52. f. 44. bene. Chemn. Conch. 6. t. 24. Jf: 240, ME UT Ee Method. t.258. .8. — : Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 32. t. 5. f. 11. Wood in Act. Soc. Linn. 6. t. 16. f. 8, 4. Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 58. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 100. — | .8 oblongata. Chemn. Conch. 6. t. 24. K 238, 3, 299: P . Habitat ad littora, sub. arena. Testa ad 24 poll. longa, et 5 lata, sub epidermide fuscá, lutescente-alba, oblongo-ovalis, crassiuscula, vix transversim striata, utraque extremi- tate ecran dehiscens. . Cardo. extus umbonibus minutis, intus singulee sum versa, concava; in al- la erecta, complicata, cui in .. opposita testa respondet s squam: erecta, plana. ied Mus. Lud. Ulr. - p.470.) UM First Sk ribad and figured by Lister. Not t uncom- mon near the mouths of rivers. - | YOL. VIII. E : T o Rn am 74 19; hians. Dr. Marox's and Mr. RAcxETT'S FE M. testa oblonga rudi; extremitate anteriore repando- hiante. Gualt. Test. t. 90. f. A. bene. Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 30. t. 17. f. 4. Chama magna. Linn. Gmel. p. 3221. Mya oblonga. — Chemn. Conch. 6. t. 2. f. 12. 2 Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 32. t. 2. f. 4. „Wood in Act. Soc. Linn. 6. t. 16. f. 5, 6. - Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 140. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 101. Habitat in mari, rarior. =n 2 vel 24 poll. longa, 4 vel 5 lata, crassa, sordide alba, rugis transver- ‘sis inter cardinem et extremitatem anteriorem ssepius. excavata. . Cardo versus extremitatem. Umlones minime prominentes, incurvati. First figured by Da Costa, who mistook it for M. lu- - traria of Linnzus. Found by Dr. Pulteney and Dr. “Maton on the Dorset coast; and by Mr. Montagu in Teme d he the river between Truro and. Falmouth i in Cornwall, and on the Devonshire coast. ai This species is by Gmelin Eiran placed under the genus Mya. DONAX. Linn. Syst. Nat. n. 308. n terius levi, intus violacea, marginibus cre- natis. Linn. Fn. Suec. n. 9142. Syst. Nat. p. 1126. .n.105. Linn. Gmel. p. 3263. oS po Anim. Angl. t. 5. f. 35. — Conch fi euo HR Gualt. Tesi. t. 88. F arean Adans. = Sa Descriptive Catalogue of the British Testacea. 15 Adans. Seneg. t. 18. f. 2. . Pennant Brit. Zool. 4. t. 55. f. 45. TOUT Da Costa Brit. Conch. t. 14. FS. Cuneus vittatus. Favanne Conch. t. 49. Je Pe. Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 32. t. 6. f. 3. Wood in Act. Soc. Linn. 6. t. 16. f. 13—16. Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 29. f. 1. — Montagu Test. Brit. p. 103. Halitat in mari. Testa magnitudine amygdali, oblonga, sub epidermide stramined, alba vel flavescens, fasciis violaceis; antice oblique antrorsum truncata, sub- gibba, glabra ; margines subtilissimé crenati, antice parum hiantes. Cardinis dentes bini: in altera valvula simplices, in altera didymi. Marginales nulli. ` (Linn. Mus. Lud. Ulr. p. 494.) First noticed by Lister. Not uncommon on some parts of the Western coast. — complana- D. testa oblonga levi glaberrima, margine integerrimo. ta. Rr figures, which evidently deem a D ‘Montagu Test. Brit. p. 106. t. 5. f. 4. Bonanni Recr.2. f. 42. Mus. Kirch. Ls e Lister Conch. t. 354. f- ae Habitat i in mari. — Testa & poll. longa, 14 lata, faves veg purpurascens, , fascia unica, lata, alba ab umbonibus ad marginem ; striis longitudinalibus expers ; facie D. Trunculi, sed compressior, antrorsum productior. First figured by Bonanni, who notices it from the British shores. - Mr. Swainson. las. received it from Looe, in Cornwall; a Montagu from Milton Sands (S. Dévony" ana Falmouth. x is found zu on the Dorset coast. Gmelin has created a Tellina daea from Bonanni's i LU nd L2 eee ^S. denti- exit 76 | Dr. Maron’s and Mr. RACKETT’S 3. denticula- D. testa anterius obtusissima; labiis transverse rugosis, id. marginibus dentiformibus. Linn. Syst. Nat. p. 1127. n. 107. Linn. Gmel. p. 3263. Lister Conch. t. 316. f. 218. Petwer.Gaz..t. 18. f- à. — b so Gualt. Test. t. 89. f. D. SUI Adans. Seneg. t. 18. f. 3. Knorr Vergn. 2. t. 23. f. 2, 3. | Pennant Brit. Zool. 4. t. 55. f. 46." Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 205. Cuneus truncatus. Favanne Conch. t. 49. f. E. 3. Chemn. Conch. 6. t. 26. f. 256. | Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p- 32. t. 5. f. 12. Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 24. Donax crenulata. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 104. . Habitat in mari. Testa udine nucis coryli, cunei fortis, levis, alba, radiis seu fasciis purpureis. Strie loi nales, transversim delicatissime lineato- punctate, superficiem reg Area media regionis umbonalis transversé undatim rugosa; lateralis. angulo truncato longitudinaliter striata, ut latus teste. Intus purpurascens, levissima. Margines acute crenulati. Cardinis dens duplex, lateralis, utrinque elongatus. A rare species, said to be found at Weymouth, RJ Dr. Pulteney and by Mr. Bryer. ee d. T. ot i i “pe 107. t. 5 fa 2. : Habitat i im mari. Testa magnitudine libe e ‘equine, vel 4 aa tones i S Sum corneo, glabra, fasciis duabus. fuscis epahan First ye 5. castanea. Irus. Austle Bay, Cornwall. Descriptive Catalogue of the British Testacea. ; id _ First found at Weymouth by the late Duchess Dowa- ger of Portland (Dr. ey) inae at the same place, by Mr. Bryér- ee D. testa ovata levi ; rugis transversis antiquatis, cardinis dentibus utriusque valvule duobus, altero maximo, altero parvo. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 513. Habitat in mari. — t. 17. {i 2: _ Testa + poll.longa, 3 lata, crassa, glaberrima, castaneo colore, radio unico, fusco, curvo, ab umbone ad marginem ; intus castanea, glabra, cica- trice lata. Umbones obtusi. Dentes laterales nulli. (Montagu.) A new species, discovered by Mr. Montagu in St. D. testa ovali, rugis membranaceis erectis striatis cincta. Linn. Syst. Nat. p. 1198. n. 111. Linn. Gmel. p. 3265. Gualt. Test. t. 95. f. A. Borl. Cornw. t. 38. f. 23. Pennant Brit. Zool. n. 35. Tellina cornubiensis. - Da Costa Brit. Conch. t. 15. f. 6. sin. Cuneus foliatus. — Chemin. Conch. 6. t. 26. 7 268—970. : A Montagu’ Test. Brit. p. 108. | Pulteney i in Hutch. Dorset. p. 32. t. 12. f. 6 Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 29. fF. 2. m Habitat in mari, saxa pe | (Montagu. ) Testa magnitudine phaseol anterius obtusissima, rugosa ; rugis ar- cuatis, reflexo-erectis, fere crispis, exterioribus sensim anterioribus - majoribus. - Intus alba, levis, margine integetrimo. Cardo utringue . dentibus duobus minimis, altero bifido. (Linn.) First noticed as an English shell by haie Not ^ uncommon on the Western coast, burrowed in limestone. : | VENUS. | 178 - — Dr. Maton’s and Mr. RACckKETT's VENUS. Mise Spit: Nat. n. 309. ANIMAL TETHYS. Testa bivalvis, labiis margini antico incumbentibus, A: Cardo dentibus 3; omnibus approximatis, lateralibus apice divergentibus. 1. B e ede -> antice muricatæ. spinifera. Ms testa. subtriangulari ; ; sulcis numerosis, marginibus arez anterioris spinosis. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 511. Habitat in mari, rarissima. ` Testa + poll. longa, paululum TOS flavescente-alba, sulcis 36 concen- tricis, parallelis, elevatis, zequalibus, subrecurvatis exarata; ; anterius versus sinum sulci bini, convergentes in spinas obtusas, abbreviatas, . . recurvatas, decurrunt. Valvula altera dente unico primario, et laminis — lateralibus; altera dentibus duobus. Margo levis. (Montagu.) Arare species, found only by Mr. Montagu, i in sand T Salcombe Bay, Devon. Supplem. t t. 17. fri- e * * antice muticz. T subcordatz. | : ; verrucosa. V. testa sulcis membranaceis striatis, an rsant. im- es primis verrucosis ; margine crenulato. Linn. Syst. Nat. p. 1130. n. 116. Linn. Gmel. p. 3269. Lister Conch. t. 284. j. 122. — | Petiver Gaz. t. 98. f. 17. | Pod Test. t. 75. f. H. z = j t. 28. UE. 32. ; “Periant Brit. Zool. 4. AE 54. Le 48. V. V ES cina Da Costa Brit. Conch. P 185. t. 12. f. 1. P. strigatus; $ p. 193. t bu frd. sin. PR? membranaceus. Descriptive Catalogue of the British Testacea. 179 - Wood in Act. Linn. Soc. 6. t. 17. £ 5, 6. Chemn. Conch. 6. t. 29. ^ 299,300. Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 33. t. 8. f... Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 44. & t. 115. V. cancellata. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 112. 4 p. 514. Halitat in mari. f Testa diametro 2 poll., crassa, opaca, sordide alba, vel ferruginea, sulcis numerosis reflexis, antice verrucosis; seu nodulosis, exasperata ; intus alba. | Umbones incurvati. -Areola impressa, cordata. First noticed by LE Not uncommon on the Western coast. DEO z lactea. V. testa abordaia SübconpEMR po Bib Contticis, crassis, elevatis, obtusis, antrorsum subtruncata. Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 149. Halitatin man. ——— Testa diametro 1i poll., * pers ; y. verrucosee valde affinis. modo distin- guitur a sequente? Found on the Western coast, according to Mr. Do- novan. A. - Casina. Va. testa. sulcis transversis | recurvis acutis, margine 1.9. f.1. ` postico crenulato ; pone areolam canaliculato. Linn. — Syst. Nat. p. 1130. n. 117. Linn. Gmel. .p- 3269. [Om Brit. Zool. 4. t. 54. f. 48. A... A V. fagsino. | Chemn. Conch. 6. t. 29. ef. db, 302. - e Habitat i in f x , Testa diametro 14 poll., crassa PD; lineis angulatis, subfuscis varia. . Pliem numerose, nunc we nunc me c) E coadunatæ. Cardo. Bri eias 1 ^77. his species ilies io exactly with the figures in — Chemnitz and Schröter, which are cited by Gmelin for Venus Casina of Linneus. Whether it be that : i 5: fasciata. Dr. Maton’s and Mr. Rackett’s perhaps rather doubtful, as Linneus has given a very short description, and no reference to a figure. We re- ceived our specimen as British ; and others have since been found by Mr. M‘Leay on the coast of Caithness- shire. i V. testa subcordata, costis transversis, latis, depressis. Lister Conch. t. 295. f. 132: Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 188. t. 13. f. 3. P. fasciatus. Chemn. Conch. 6..t. 27. f. 277, 278. Linn. Gmel. p. 3268. V. Paphia 6? Encyclop. Method. t. 276. f. 2, Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 83. t. 1. f. 3. V. Paphia. —. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 110. V. Paphia. Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 170. Habitat in mari. Testa diametro ad 1 poll., szepius minor, crassa, alba, spadiceo-radiata, vel - lineis angulatis, spadiceo-nebulosa, interdum fasciis tribus spadiceis 5 3 intus purpurascens. Cinguli seu costze nunc 10—12 recurvati, nunc in 4—5 coadunati. Sinus lanceolatus, canaliculato-concavus. Areola im- pressa, cordata. Margo crenulatus, First described as British by Da Costa. Not uncom- mon on the Western shores, and o on the coasts of Wales, and of Caithness. This species was Eonsdiered by Dr. pisiency as V. Paphia of Linnzeus in à depauperated state; but iť dif- Ee ~ from that shell both in outline and spe- | * rugis: incrassatis, pube rugis attenua- ” See Donovan’ s description of Venus donata. (Brit. E Ee. Da Costa's Pectunculus Vetula; p. 190. t. 13. f. 5. Venus Paphia of Linnzus. It, was figured and disclibed Descriptive Catalogue of the British Testacea. 81 by that author, from a foreign specimen through mis- take, but has never been found on the British shores. minima. V. testa subcordata compressiuscula, glaberrima, trans- versim striata, maculis duabus rubris ad marginem. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 12r. t. 3. f. 3. Habitat in mari, rarior. Testa 4 poll. longa, paululum latior, crassa, carnaria, interdum - lineis duabus albis ab umbone divergentibus; intus candida, glaberrima. Margo integerrimus. — Strice late, concentric. Cardinis dentes ma- nifesti. | Discovered at Falmouth by Mr. Montagu. sulcata. V. testa subtriangulari, levi, rugis obsoletis; sinu ob- t. 2. f.2. longo-ovali; margine interiore denticulato. Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 195. Pect. truncatus ? Montagu Test. Brit. p.181. = * Habitat in mari. - Testa ungue pollicis extimi paulo major, vel diametro ad 1 poll. alba, sub epidermide brunnea, fere plana. Umbones acutiusculi. Testa V. fas- ciatæ valde affinis; distinguitur quod magis triangularis, quod antice rectiuscula, et sinus oblongo-ovalis. From ihe iius of aos A us Swainson.) 8. a 5 Gebticá.. V. testa mto s SubCon resi. sulcis. transversis £2; ie 3. parallelis regularibus, Sst Sa levi. | - Habitat in mari. — bo kk CIN PIS E . > Thane pol longe, nts albida, Su vel 16 otis, valdà regu- . lares, neque me a magis triangularis quam P. verfu- cosa, neque antrorsum 'Subtruncata. | A new species, discovered by Mr. M‘Leay on the const of Caithness-shire. | DYÓR VEZ 05.020009 gio ii MY loans aaa. 82 9. Dr. Maton’s and Mr. RACK ETT'S subcordata. V. testa. subcordata, stris costatis longitudinalibus, 10. sulcis transversis, remotis, elevatis. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 121. t. 3. f. 1. Linn. Gmel. p. 3210. V. ucancellato t Habitat in mari. Testa diametro +} poll. aha: crassa, intus glabra, alba. Umbones in- curvati. Cardinis dentes validi. Margo subcrenatus. "Mr. Montagu doubts whether this species be British, as he found it only once, in sand from Falmouth har- bour. We have not had an opportunity of examining it; but it appears from the figure and description to resemble specimens of Venus cancellata in the Bri- tish Museum. | Gallina. V. testa subcordata radiata, striis transversis, obtusis, * cardinis dente postico minimo, margine crenulato. Linn. Fauna Suecica, n. 2143. Ec Eat. p. 1130. on.119. Linn. Gmel. p. eee Lister Conch. 1: 9694-1920. Pennant Brit. Zool. 4. t. 56. $ 50. V. es Born. Mus. p. 57. vign. 6. Chemn. Conch. 6. t. 30. f. 308—310. Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 191. t. 12. f. 2. Pect. striatulus; 4 p.192. P. sulcatus. : - - Wood in Act. Soc. Linn. 6. t. LE f. 7,8 rt ume sBalency i in Hutch. Dorset. p. 33. t. 8. f. 2. V. Casina. 3 Montage Test. Halitat in mari, frequens. it. Shells, t. 68. V. striatula. — . Brit. | pe 113." Ar uM ade Testa 1 poll. - longa, 14 lat whe, ¥ radiis miu: adii, Me o ligartus | marmorata ; intus alba, Margo crenatus. Umbones recurvi, acuti. Strie — crenulate, quamvis non sint, Areola i impressa, ovata, 11. trian- Descriptive Catalogue of the British Testacea. 83 LE p triangu- V. testa subtriangulari, cardine crasso; valvula altera laris. dentibus tribus, altera duobus et lamina laterali se- | milunari. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 577. — Supplem. t. 17. f. 8. -- Habitat in mari, rarissima. Testa diametro + poll. crassa, flavescente-alba, rugis nonnullis concentri- cis obsoletis; intus levis. Valvula una dentibus duobus, uno bifido, _ altero triangulari, juxta laminam lateralem; altera dentibus tribus, * duobus valde divergentibus (ad recipiendum dentem oppositum trian- . gularem), denticuloque laterali. Margo levis. Umbones centrales, maxime prominentes. (Montagu.) - Anew and rare species, found: only br Mr. Montagu, on the coast of Devonshire. = — 53 | 12. | Islandica. x testa transversim striata, rudi, labris. hiantibus. — Linn. Syst. Nat. p. 1131. n. 24. Linn. Gmel. p. 3271. Lister Anim. Angl. t. 4. f. 99. — Conch. t. 272. f. 108. Gualt. Test. t. 85. f. B. Olafs Isl. t. 11. f. 8. RE Pennant Brit. Zool. 4. t. 53. f.47. V. mercenaria. ET Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 183. t. l Wf 5 Peet. crassus. — — Chemn. Conch. 6. t. 89. f. 841. ee ~ Encyclop. Method. t. 272. f. 6. ` -= Wood in Act. Soc, Linn. 6. t. 17. f. bi Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. ; 7 . Don x Montagu Test. Brit. T n AU - Habitat in mari. - . Testa ad 3} poll. longa, 4 eae: 2e idis agire fici, albida vos seu ferruginea, subcordata, ventricosa, solida, antice versus A owe : REP — a ole 94 Dr. Mavon’s and Mr. RACKETT’S obsoleté carinata, intus cretacea. Margo integerrimus, acutissimus. Umbones recurvati, contigui. Areola inconspicua. Cardinis dentes 3, medius didymus, lateralis sub areola, linearis, obliquus, crenulatus. First figured and described by Lister. Common. 13. ! : Chione. V. testa transverse subrugosa, lxvi, cardinis dente pos- teriori lanceolato. Linn. Syst. Nat. p. 131. n. 125. . Linn. Gmel. p. 32912. —— Soe . Lister Conch. t. 269. f. 105. D' Argenv. Conch. t. 24. Jat: Gualt. Test. t. 86. f. A. Knorr Vergn. 6. t. À. f. 1. ' Pennant Brit. Zool. À. t. 51. f. intermedia. | Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 184. t. 14. f. T. Pect. sinh Favanne Conch. t. 47. B. Chemn. Conch. 6. t. 32. f. 343. Encyclop. Method. t. 266. f. 1. .. Wood in Act. Soc. Linn. 6. t. Ti f ide = Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 33. t. 6. ^T 7: Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 17. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 115. Testa cordato-ovata, oblonga, compressa, glaberrima, striis transversis ob- soletis, coloris castanei, radiis fuscis, intus alba. Margo integerrimus. Areola depressa, ovata, acuta. Umbones recurvati. Cardinis dentes 4, " duobus mediis approximatis, lanceolatis; laterales 9 divaricati, sub ^ Areolâ, major acutus, sub labris linearis, obliquus. — Mus. Lud. 14. ovata. Descriptive Catalogue of the British Testacea. 85 14. | ovata. V. testa ovata, longitudinaliter sulcata, transversim ob- (.2.f.4. solete striata. Maton West. Counties, 1. P. 178. ` Pennant Brit. Zool. 4. t. 56. f. 56. — Walker Test. Min. Rar. f. 82. Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. t. 1. f. 15. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 120. Habitat in mari. Testa vix magnitudine fabz equine, depressior, subalbida seu brunnea; intus alba vel purpurascens. Cardo fere ad medium teste. First figured by Pennant. Found on the Kentish and Devonshire coasts; and at Falmouth, in Cornwall. deflorata. V. testa ovali, longitudinaliter rugosa, anterius violacea. Linn. Syst. Nat. p. 1133. n. 132. Linn. bir p. 3214. Lister Conch. 1. 425. f. 9132-7 = Knorr Vergn. 9. t. 90. f. 5; & 5. AMETE Pennant Brit. Zool. 4. t. 57. f. 54. Favanne Conch. t. 49. P. Chemn. Conch. 6. t. 9. f. 19. 81> Encyclop. Method. t. 231. f. 4.. Montagu Test. Brit. um 123. t. 3. 35 4 Habitat in mari, rarissima. : : Testa 1 poll. longa, 14 lata, as Gree die, atid poesia, . longitudinaliter striata, striis undulatis, rugis noùimilis transversis; .. intus violacea, — Cardinis dentes utriusque. teste di : First described a asa Britis shell Pennant. Found A | t it must be consi- -dered as one e of ct rarest British species. | granula-. Y. testi rotundata, striis elevatis decussata, margine ta, crenulato. Linn. Gmel. p.. 3277. ig - Born Mus. t, 4. f. 5, 6. - 86 Dr. Maton’s and Mr. Racxrtt’s Chemn. Conch. 6. t. 30. f. 313. Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 83. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 122. Habitat 1 in mari, Testa diametro 1 poll. crassa, tumidiuscula, alba, maculis et lituris nigres- centibus ; intus glaberrima, purpurea. Umbones incurvati, minime prominentes, — Zfreoía cordata, nigricans. cae uae at Falmouth by Mr. Montagu. 127. € tog e ES dene. tigerina. V. testa lentiformi, striis decussatis; areola impressa, t.2. f.5. ovata. Linn. Syst. Nat. p. 1134. n. 141. Linn. Gmel. p. 3283. Rumph. Mus. t. 43. f. H. Lister Conch. p. 1133. Gualt. Test. t. 77. f. A. Knorr Vergn. 4. t. 2. f. 1; § t. 3. f. 2; 6. t. 37. f. 2. Favanne Conch. t. 47. f. D. 1. i Chemn. Conch. 7. t. 37. f. 190, 191. VUES Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 34. t. 1. ax 14. Montagu Test. Brit. 2 pus t. À. m 1, Habitat in mari. * Testa diametro vix 1 poll. patum convexa, tota alba, striis longitudinalibus et transversis numerosissimis reticulata. Intus alba seu flavescens, glabra. Umbones recurvi, acutiusculi, obsoleti. Sinus oblongus, hians. £ Areola ovata. Cardinis dentes 3 vel 4, intermediis didymis. (Linn. | Mus. Lud. Utr. p. 503), _ First ascertained to be English by Dr. Maton, who | found it on | Studland Beach, Dorset; on athe N. Shote, n eimi c. d MM s. undata, V. testa orbiculari, transversim striata, rugosa, umboni- bus prominentibus. — Pennant Brit. Zool. à t. 55. = Ax Wood 19. exoleta. ESF. Descriptive Catalogue of the British Testacea. 87 Wood in Act. Soc. Linn. 6. t. 17. f. 17, 18. Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 121. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 118. Habitat in mari. Testa diametro 14 poll. tenuis, alba, intus glabra, margine integerrimo. Di- stinguitur a Tellina rotundata quod cardo crassus, altera valvula den- tibus tribus, altera duobus, margo undatus, et cicatrix lata, usque ad : medium teste. First figured by Pennant. Found near Llaugharne, Caermarthenshire ; and on the Cornish and Devonshire coasts, by Mr. Montagu. V. testa lentiformi, transversim striata, pallida, obsolete radiata, areola cordata. Linn. Fn. Suec. n. 2145. Syst. Nat. p. 2134. n. 142. M.L.U. p. 506. Linn. Gm. p. 3284. Lister Conch. t. 291. f. BS iu er. A 129. Petiver Gaz. t. 93. f. 15. es Gualt. Test. t. 15. f. F. Adans. Seneg. t. 16. f. 4. Born Test. t. 5. f. 9. Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 187. t. 12. f 5. eon Favanne Conch. t. 48. f. F. 1. fbi De g ... Chemn. Conch. 7. f. 402. 404. — ~ «Encyclop. Method. t. 279. f. 4, 5. - Woodin Act. Soc. Linn. 6. t. 17. f. 9, 10. 3 Pulteney i in Hutch. Dorset. p. 34. £i: s Donovan Brit. Shells, Montagu Test. Brit. t. 3. f.2. B Lister Conch. t. 290. f. 126; $ t. 289. f. 125. Chemn. Conch. 7. f. 403. ' i Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. P 34. t. 1; ^ 14. v. lincta. | - Halitat in mari, : ! e Tata .88 Dr. Maton’s and Mr. RAckETT's * Testa diametro 2 poll. crassa, convexiuscula, albida, interdum fasciis ru- fescente-brunneis; intus alba. Strie numerose, filiformes; paucæ evidentiores. Cicatrix obliqué transversalis. Varietas 8 minus orbicularis, ab umbone declivis. First noticed by Lister. It is not uncommon. 20. Ttt onde; supra rimam m subangulatze. decussata. V. testa ovata, antice angulata, decussatim striata. .1.9.f.6. Linn. Syst. Nat. p. 1135. n. 149. Linn. Gmel. p. 3294. Lister Anim. Angl. t. 4. f. 20. Conch. t. 423. f. 271. Gualt. Test. t. 85. f. E. L. Pennant Brit. Zool. 4. t. 57. f. 53. V. iterata. Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 102. t. 14. f. 4. C. reticulatus. Chemn. Conch. 6. t. À3, f. 455, 456. Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 34. t. 6. f. A. - Donovan Brit. Shells, t.67. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 124. Halitat in mari, frequens. Testaad 2 poll. longa, 3 lata, ovata, antice latior, vix angulata, striis longi- . tudinalibus, et seepe transversalibus, confertis. Color variat, szpius pallide ferrugineus, interdum radiis maculis, aut lituris fuscis ; ; intus albus. Areola minima, retusa. Sinus longus angustus, margine in- terno utplurimum ceruleo. This species was first noticed by Lister. 21. Pullastra. V. testa oblongo-ovata, antice angulata, delicatissime 4.9. f. . | decussatim striata. Chemn. Conch. 7. t. À2. f. 439. Wood in Act. Soc. Linn. 6. t. 17. Lis 13, 14. Montagu. Test. Brit. p.125. 3 Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. t. 1. fs 8. Habitat in mari, frequens, - Incola edulis, Testa H Bi ue 2 pale ine brunnea vel "ide pendens valde affi- nis, 92. Descriptive Catalogue of the British Testacea. 89 .' mis,sed minor; striis delicatissimis anterius in ragas pauciores decur- rentibus ; lituris cinereis, brunneis, vel purpureis variegata et radiata. Xi Cieatrid: productior. Cardinis dentes ttes approximati, pectinati ; me~ dius sepius bifidus — Varietas nivea, anterius maculis nigricantibus angulatis notata, et sinu nigricante. : First described by Mr. Wood. perforans. V . testa subrhomboidea, antice truncata, rugosa, postice 23. virginea. . LA 2. f. 8. transversim striata. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 197 t. 3 f. 6. Habitat ad littora, saxis calcareis innidulans. Testa 2 poll. longa, 4 lata, flavescente-brunnea, striis transvérsis posticis in rugas anteriores longitudinales decurrentibus, . Cardo dentibus tri- bus, duobus longis, recurvatis, altero parvo ; his facillime à testa ju- niore 7. decussate distinguitur. A new species, discovered by Mr. Montagu, burrow- ed in limestone at Plymouth; where it is found in abundance. V. testa subovata, anterius subangulata; striis trans- versis inæquilineatis, sinu tumido. Linn. Syst. Nat. p. 1136. n. 150. Linn. Gmel. p. 3994. Lister Conch. t. 408. f. 247. | Pennant Brit. Zool. t. 55. f. dextra. V. Rhomboides — — Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 204. Cuneus fasciatus. ^4 VOL., VII 457. a.b.c. Chemn. Conch. T. t. 42. f. 448. rx Encyclop. Method. t. 283. f. 2. Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 34. t. 13. f.L Montagu Test. Brit. p. 129 : Habitat in mari. : ue Testa V. decussate similis, ied: magis rotundata, minor; striis perpendi- 'eularibus nullis distincta, rarius rubella, interdum radiata, maculis cinereis aut lineis angularibus fuscis varia, Intus alba vel rubescens ; N etriis 24. aurea. t. 9. f. 9. 25. sinuosa. aR Cor, Dr. Maton’s and Mr. RAckzTT'S - striis' transversis nune magis nunc minus conspicuis; sulcis 2 vel 3 obsoletis. . (Gmel.) First figured by Lister. Itis found on the Western coast, but not common. V. testa subcordata, nitida, transversim subtiliter sulcata, longitudinaliter striata; sinu indistincto. Linn. Gmel. p. 3288. | . Lister Conch. t. 404. f. 249. Petiver Gaz. t. 94. f. 8. Pennant Brit. Zool. t. 57. f. 34. Chemn. Conch. 7. t. 43. f. 458. Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 54. t. 18. f.3. V. nebulosa. Montagu Test. Brit. P 129. Habitat in mari. Testa 1 poll. longa, 1$ lata, colore subalbido vel flavicante, lituris seu maculis cinereis; magis triangularis quanf*7. virginea, cum margine ab umbonibus declivi, neque producto ut in illa testa; intus ali- quando purpurea. Cardinis dentes sæpius bifidi. First noticed and figured by Lister. Not uncommon on many parts of the Western coast. V. testa tenui, convexa, margine profunde sinuato. Pennant Brit. Zool. 4. t. 55. f. 51-A. ` This species, so imperfectly described by Pennant, is perhaps not distinct from Tellina fleruosa, or possibly only a deformed shell. | CHAM A. Linn. Syst. Nat. n. S11. Ch. testa subrotunda, Be umibomibüė recurvatis, rima hiante. Linn. Syst. Nat. p. 1137. . 154. M. L, U. p. 516. Linn. Gmel, p. 3299. Bonann. Descriptive Catalogue of the British Testacea. 91 — Bonann. Recr. 2. 3448852: « Lister Conch. t. 215. f. 111. 2ORumph. Mus (48.10. 770 00000005 L Noe. 4 Lider Conch. t. 368. f. 208. — | Rumph. Mus.. t. 44. La Less Ginann. Adriat. 2. t. 19.f.129. — £s Gualt. Test. t. 71. f. E. Ming: Seb. Mus. 3. t. 96. f. 1. ! | Favanne Conch. t. 53. C. Chemn. Conch. 7. t. 48. f. 483. Encyclop. Method. t. 232. f. 1. Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 134. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 134. . Habitat in mari. Testa diametro 3 poll. crassa, ge er 'exalbido-lutescens. Umlones evidentiores, cornu arietis in modum oblique versus areolam convoluti. Found near the North Foreland, by Mr. Swainson ; and also on the shores of the Hebrides, by Mr. Aguew. ARCA. ` Linn. Syst. Nat. n. 312. * Margine integro; umbonibus inflexiss = A. testa oblonga, striata, apice A npn: icibonibus |. incurvis, remotissimis ; margine integerrimo, hiante. Linn. Syst. Nat. p. 1140. n. rp v". — ema orla Corte t 28. fi 15, 16. Knorr Vergn. 1. t. 16. f. 1, 2 Priam Bri 2001857. A otürtuoés: Chemn. Conch. 7. t. 63. f. 531. a. t E QUK tU | N 2 . déccw- — Donovan 92 minuta. eoe 2. 3. Dr. Marow's and Mr. RACKETT’S Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 158. f. 1. 2.. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 139. t. 4. f. 3. Habitat in mari, rarissima. Testa navicularis, antice compressa, retusa et fere biloba, iris rugosa; #striis elevatis, longitudinalibus, distantibus. _Umbones remotissimi incurvati, area interjecta plano-concava, ad angulum rectum striata in rhombos. Margo exterior in medio hians, rima barbata. Color nebulosus, albo-fuscus. Cardo rectus, serratus, lamellis numerosissimis, minutissimis, qualibus. (Linn. Mus. Lud. Ulr. p. 117.) First noticed as British by Borlase. Found on Mil- ton Sands, Devon, by Mr. Montagu; and on the shores of Cornwall, by Miss Pocock. Size half an inch in breadth ; extremely rare. A. testa oblongo-ovali; extremitate altera rotundata, - . altera subtruncato-angulata. Walker Test. Min. Rar. f. 81. Linn. Gmel. p. 3309. Chemn. Conch. 10. t. 170. f. 1657, 1658. O. Fabr. Fn. Groenl. p. 414. n. 415. Adams in Act. Soc. Linn. 3. p. 64? Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 78. A. caudata. ‘Montagu Test. Brit. p. 140. Habitat in mari. : Testa 4 poll. longa, + lata, albida, fasciis lacteis cincta, transversim striata, in angulum producta, angulo vix truncato. Margo integerrimus, Um- bones acuti. Cardo constat foveola cum dentibus lateralibus angulatis, numerosis. First. found by Mr. Boys at Sandwich, in Kent, where it is not uncommon, LOI di rox ** Margine crenato ; ; boia recurvatis, lactea. e curva, An distincta species ? "ist noticed as British. AE beside: found on the ‘Devonshire. coast, - 5; pellu- Descriptive — of the British Testacea. 107 5. pellucidus. M. testa oblonga, levi, tenerrima, pellucida, longitudi- . maliter violaceo-radiata. Pennant Brit. Zool, t. 63. f. 15. ) Chemn. Conch. 8. t. 84. Jv 4523. E. pte . Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 81. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 160. Habitat in mari. Testa 2 poll. longa, 1 lata, albida, sub epidermide lutescente. M. eduli afi- nis, sed tenerrima, levissima, glaberrima. First noticed by Pennant. Found in Anglesea, by the Rev. Hugh Dents: and in Mibi) by Mr. Do- novan. 6. - x ungulatus. M. testa levi, subcurvata; margine posteriori inflexo, cardine terminali, bidentato. Linn. Sys. d Nat. p. 1157. nm. 254. Linn. Gmel. p. 3354. Lister Conch. t. 364. Ff: 2035” Gualt. Test. t. 91. f. E. Regenf. Conch. t. 4. f. 4T. Chemn. Conch. 8. t. 85. f. 156. Donovan Brit. Shells; t. 13% foa 2. Habitat in mari, rarissima, - Jedi à Testa rudis, fragilis, livida, striata transversim quasi ex lineis imbricatis. Sutura postica linea recta excurrit ultra apicem obtusum. Cardo rima "longitudine suture eique parallela. Par testarum distinctarum, in - plano juxta se positarum, refert ungulas pecoris binas medio a se in- -. vicém. dehiscentes et basi divaricatas. ~- (Linn. Mus. Lud. Ulr. p. 541.) Yet noticed as British by Mr. Donovan. Found on the coast of Cornwall, by Miss Pocock. Pe testa levi, margine anteriore carinato, umbonibus gibbis, cardine sublaterali. Linn. Syst. Nat. p. 1158. n. 956. Linn. Gmel. p. 3354. ; P : T 3085 Dr. Marow's and Mr. RACKETT’S Lister Conch. t. 359. f. 128. - D' Argenv. Conch. t. 92. f. C. ` Gualt. Test. t. 91. f. H. Adans. Seneg. t. 15. f. 1. Knorr Vergn. 4. t. 15. f. 3. Pennant Brit. Zool. t. 66. f. ry Š | Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 219. t. 15. f. Be ; Chemn. Conch. 8. t. 85. f. 757. el | - Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 38. Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 93. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 163. Testa j JRO Linn. Fauna Suecica, n. 2157. Syst. Nat. p. 1156. n. 252. Linn. Gmel. p. 3353. M. barbatus. Ginan. Adr. t. 27. f. 169. Gualt. Test. t. 91. f. H. fig. med. Pennant Brit. Zool. t. 64. f. 70. A. . M. curtus. -= Chemn. Conch. 8. t. 84. f. 749. gs -Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 38. t. 12. i 5. dextra. M. barbatus. ! Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 70. M. burbatus 7 - Montagu Test. Brit, p. 161. M. barbatus. - Habitat in mari. | - Testa perniformis, crassa, fugoss, sob epidermide tenui nigricans, seu fusca. Margo anterior ad basin longius fere excurrit.quam apex; dorsum vero attenuatur versus apicem, qui obtusus. Gibbositas teste versus .. dorsum postice flectitur, Cardo fossula intra apicem et marginem anti- . cum, qua itaque non terminalis est, (Linn. Mus. tait, pe p. 542.) Teste jr juniores antice barbatze; saxis, testaceis onuste. First noticed as an English species by. Pennant. It is sometimes dredged up from HERD Wal on various parts of the coast. V E P . Dr. tp Descriptive Catalogue of the British Testacea. 109 Dr. Pulteney first suspected M. barbatus of Linnæus = to be the young of M. Modiolus. The truth of this surmise has been confirmed by Mr. M‘Leay, who has had an — opportunity of examining this species in all the stages of its growth. 8. umbilica- M. testa obovata, antiquata, rugosa, margine posteriore tus. alterius valvulz involuto. Pennant Brit. Zool. 4. 1. 65. f. 16. Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 220. M. curvirostratus. Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 40. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 164. - Habitat in pelago. Testa magnitudine, forma, et colore M. Modioli, cui maxime affinis ; rudis, crassa, rugosa, epidermide nigricante-fusca; ssepius serpulis aliisque testaceis obtecta. An varietas solum ? Discovered by the Rev. Hugh em off Priestholme 5 Island, Anglesea. E M. testa ovata, anterius compressiuscula, fragilissima, t. 3. A. f.2. cardine laterali. Linn. Syst. Nat. p. 1158. m. 257. g. Linn. Gmel. p. 3355. t.3. A. f. 3. Lister Anim. Angl. App. t.1. 3. Gualt. Test. t. 7. f. F. PDA ~ D’Argenv. Conch. t. 31. f. 10. sin. "Pennant Brit. Zool. 1. 61. f- 18. 2 Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 214. t. 15. f 2. Schrót. Flussconch. t. 8. f. 1. ` Chemn. Conch. 8. t. 86. f. 762. Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 38. t. 12. f. 2. Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 55. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 179. Conch. t. 156. f. Hk Habitat 310 . Dr. Maton’s and Mr. Racxert’s Habitat in rivis et stagnis, frequens. Testa interdum 3 poll. longa, 6 lata, subpellucida, ad cardinem ventricosa, rugosa, epidermide virescente aut nigricante induta, intus margaritacea. Differt a M. anatino quod multo major, tenuior, et sepius convexior. Varietas 8. 2 poll. longa, 3 lata, crassa, ponderosa, rudis, anterius declivis. Mytilus cygneus and anatinus frequently resemble each other so much, that it is with difficulty they are to be distinguished ; and there are also many shells which appear to differ from them in some respects, but we have never found the variation sufficient to enable us to form a specific character upon it. : 10. anatinus. M. testa ovali, compressiuscula, fragilissima,” E artic t. 9. A. f. 1. membranaceo, umbonibus decorticatis. Linn. Fauna Suecica, n. 92158. Syst, Nat. p. 1158. n. 258." - Linn. Gmel. p. 3355. Lister Anim. Angl. t. 2. B 29. Conch. t. 153. f. 8. Petiver Gaz. t. 93. f. 8. Gualt. Test. t. 7. f. E. — App. ty 1. fe 9. D' Argenv. Conch. t. 31. F 10. mL dues B | E: j Pennant Brit. Zool. t, 68. f. 79. Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 215. Schröt. Flussconch. tif, 3. Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 88.1.19... 6. — - Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 113. Monta, su Test: Brit. p. 17 lo B. Lister Conch. t. 154. f. D2) a 9999 Le t.3.A. f.4. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 172. M. Avonensis. Haliiat in aquis dulcibes; frequens. - Tesía interdum 2 poll, longa, 34 lata, epidermide etl fears, rugis transversis Descriptive Catalogue of the British Testacea. cV CEN - transversis rudis, antice compressa, production, postice rotundata; intus - > margaritacea. Varietas 6. 12 poll. longa, 3 poll. lata, margine antériore rectiusculo seu subarcuato, cardine versus extremitatem posteriorem. 31. discors. M. testa ovali, cornea, subdiaphana, antice longitudina- Ebh 8. liter, postice transversaliter, striata. Linn. Syst. Nat. p.1159. n. 261. Linn. Gmel. p. 3856. Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 221. t. 17. f. 1. | Born Mus. p. 121. vign. Chemn. Naturf. 10. t. 1. f. 8. — Conch. 8. t, 86. f. 764. 767. PRAA -> Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 38. t. 2. f. 1. ds Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 25. 1 E co — — Montagu Test. Brit. p. 107... | -~ B. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 169. M. Media. t. 3. f. O. Habitat in mari, sepius epidermide Ascidie@ Mentule, vel testaceis, et * fucis, bysso adherens. Testa3.poll.longa, 1lata,alba,rufescente-maculata, sub epidermide olivacea, tenuissima, fragilissima. Testa tribus areis distinguitur. Area antica striis constat ab umbonibus ad marginem exteriorem anticum, longi- tudinalibus ; tertia ab umbonibus ad marginem exteriorem posticum, fere transversalibus ; intermedia vel striis obsoletis transversalibus vel - Rp. plane nullis. (Linn.) ` [ ; Varietas 8. minor, minus convexa, antice rotundata, latior, striis solum 8 vel gin area juxta umbones ; absque maculis. First noticed as British by 1 Dr. Pulteney, ‘who sent it to Da Costa. Found sparingly on the Western coast. The variety was first noticed by Mr. Montagu, and is found at Southampton, Poole, and Ilfracombe, Devon ; ir and on the S. coast of Wales. 19. precisus. 112 Dr. Maton’s and Mr. RACKETT's 12. - pracisus. M. testa oblonga, difformi, rugosa, cardine ad extremi- tatem. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 165. t. 4. f. 2. Habitat in mari, radicibus algarum adherens, vel rupes perterebrans. Testa praecedenti affinis, facie Solenis minuti, 4 poll. longa, + lata, sæ- | pius minor, umbonibus prominentibus, margine cardinali truncato, valvula altera majore. Interdum utrinque truncata. Cardo rugosus, inflexus, cum foramine sub margine. (Montagu. _ _A new species, discovered by Mr. Montagu « on the Devonshire coast, and in Wales. n 13. : striatus. M. striatus, umbonibus productis. Walker Test. Min. Rar. Sg Montagu Test. Brit. r 173. * Habitat in mari. Testa pellucida, alba. (Walker. ) . Found, according to the above author, at Reculver and Sandwich, P I NN E i Linn. Syst. Nat, n. 316. me : : 1. ae : ingens. P. testa rugosissima, rugis concentricis irregularibus longitudinaliter a rostro decurrentibus, et versus car- dinem angulo recto inflexis. Montagu Test. Brit. p.180. Pennant Brit. Zool. 4. n. 81. < Donovan Brit. Shells, 1.159. P. leevis. - - Habitat i in mari. Testa f ped. longa, 7 poll. lata, opaco-fusca. | cS : Variat interdum. striis 7 vel 8 remotis, spinosis. er. ; This species has been found on the Devonshire coast, by Mr. Montagu, and received from the coast of Shet- land, by Mr. A er s Descriptive Catalogue of the British Testacea. 113 "Specimens from Scotland and the Western coast do . not appear to differ; and there i is great probability that this is the species mentioned. by Pennant. 2. pectinata. P. testa daidi lorigitudialiter striata, latere altero transverse subrugoso. Linn. Syst. Nat. p. 1160. n.264. Linn. Gmel. p. 3364. Gualt. Test. t. 79. pf Seba Mus. t. 91. f. 3. Pennant Brit. Zool. 4. t. 69. f. 80. Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 240. t.16. f. 3. Chemn. Conch. 8. t. 37. fg xw | Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 39. t. 3. ES 3. Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 10. Be t LI. Post. ji ong Testa 6 poll. renga, 3 dc venis, 5 tli, eo PeR Smal ad basin czruleo- viridis vel purpureo variegata; striis 10 vel 12 elevatis; spinis concavis . ab apice ad marginem decurrentibus. Teste pars tertia bs ris spina- rum, rugosa, oblique striata. Found on the Western spasla but.not common. 3,- * muricata. P. testa striata ; squamis concavis, um. deut. qom Si y Nat. p. 1160. n. 266. Linn. Gmel. p. 3364, ‘er Conch. t. 310. f. 210; Bi. e dig E Be. Ek: as -Rumpl. Mus. t. 46.. f M: Era Seb. Mus. 3.4, 92. er-1, f. pri -Gualt. Test. t. 19. foL eee Cut Chemn. Conch. 8. t. 87. y3 169. ^ Puleeneyin Hutch. Dorset. p. 39. i Montegn Lest. Brit. p. 183. t. 5. f 5. Habitat in mari. «n | Testa pellucida; striis cinch. tats, alteris, v versus picem echinatis ; "voL vui --— a squamis è 114 —— Dr. Maton’s and Mr. RACKETT's E _ squamis 6 ad 8, parvis, acutis, patulis, concavis. (Linn, Mus. Lud. Ulr. p. 195.) . Teste juniores leves. Found near Weymouth Dorset, by Dr. Pulteney. NAUTILUS. Linn. Syst. Nat. n. $18. | T ; * spirales, rotundati : anfractibus contiguis. ; = ; lacustris. N.testa spirali, compressa, umbilicata, carinata; anfrac- tibus tribus, supra convexis contiguis; apertura semi- ovata; septis triradiato-perforatis. Lightfoot in Act. Angl. t. 76. t. 1. f. 1—7. . | Walker Test. Min. Rar. t. 1. f. 28. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 191. t. . 6. Jf 3. Habitat in aquis dulcibus. | Testa diametro 1 poll. tenera, pellucida, Hodhi vivente rufescente-brunnea, lineis 3 vel 4 albis ab umbilico ad marginem decurrentibus. Incola Limax, antennis filiformibus, oculis capiti infixis juxta antennarum ees ut in aquaticis. (Lightfoot.) | - Discovered by Mr. Boys on flags in Hernhill akt Kent Found on the roots of Carices, near Eton, Buck- inghamshire, by Mr. Agnew; and in the marshes neàr qom Eu by Mr. Swainson. £. rotatus, N. testa spirali, levi; apertura semicordata; geniculis sex; striisflexuosis,elevatis, notatis; carina in tegerrima. ` Planc. Conch. t. 1. f. 12. 13? Martini Conch. t. 20. f. 180. 181? Morti, Ev Bot. Ps 189. t. 15. A $ N. Calcar. wEhinapectobae bec ako be. the N. Calcar of Linneus, but it does. not apte either with his de- scription or with the guns! Fus he TÉ v. Descriptive Catalogue of the British Testacea. 115 3. i levigatu- N. testa spirali ; ; geniculis lavibus. Winther Test. Min. lus. — APAT Coo Montagu Test. Brit. p. 188. Habitat in mari. Testa semipellucida, alba, Habarichal Found at Sandwich and Seasalter; not common. (Walker.) We are unable to add to the above imperfect de- scription, never having obtained this species. Li - Supplem. t. 18. f. 7.8. å. depressu- N. testa spirali, utrinque subumbilicata; geniculis de- lus. |. pressis, plurimis. | Walker Test. Min. Rar. t. 3. f. 68. Adams Microsc. p. 641. t. 14. ^ 33. moi Montagu Test. Brit. p. 190. Supplem. t. 18. F: 9. Habitat ad littora arenosa. Testa opaca, alba. > . From Reculver, in fen: E rare. Walker.) 5. umbilica- N. testa spirali, umbilicata; geniculis sulcatis Walker tulus. . Test. Min. Rar. t. 8. f. 69. Adams Microsc. p. 641. t. 14. f. 34o DiM Montagu Test. Brit. pc MA spen s ts 18. 5 L Habitat in mari. | 155 Testa opaca, albas |. E. From Sandwich ; not common. ; Walker.) Neither this species nor the Prevodi» ave ever fallen under our notice: ugi ] 4:0 m Baie crispus. N. testa READ ; pan ordain anfsaptibus con- - "tiguis ; geniculis crenatis. Linn. Syst. Nat. p. 1162. n. 275. Linn, Gmel. p. 3310. Lao — Plant: Conch. t. 1.2... Gualt. Test. t. 19. JA. D. a Q 2 Ginann. 116 - Dr. Marow's and Mr. Racxsrt’s ~ Ginann. Adriat. t. 14. f. 112. ` Lederm. Micr. t. 8. f. b. | 0 Walker Test. Min. Rar. t. 3. f. 65. Martini Conch. t. 20. f. 112—174. Soldani Testaceog. t. 33. f. F.; & t. 34. f GE Favanne Conch. 1.69. D. 9. — — Adams Microsc. p. 640. t. 14. f. 30. ~~ Fichtel & Moll Test. Micr. t. 4. f. d. e. f. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 187. Supplem. 1:148. f. 5. Pulteney i in Hutch. Dorset. E19. Í. 29. Habitat in mari. Testa minúta, utrinque equalis et umbilicata striata, striis elevatis, dorso carinato. Found on the Kentish coast ; at Teignmouth and Sal- combe, Devonshire; in the Isle of Purbeck, and at eke tale Dorset; and on the South coast of Wales. | Beccari, N testa spirali, apertura obovata, anfractibus enen E. ade Mag 9 dead.. 8. t. 2. d 16.» E SIS geniculis insi sculptis. Linn. Bub 1 Nat. p: 1162. n. . 276. Linn. Gmel. p. 3310. EARNE Plane. Conch. ts duke do xia qum Tae :Gualt. Test. t. 19. f. H. f is - Ginan. Adr. 2. t. 14. f. 111... T Lederm. Micr. t. 8. f. 8.; & t. à. fe b Martini Conch. 1. t. 19. f. 178. 179; f. 90. f. 175—177. Walker Test. Min. Rar. t. 3. f. 63. : - Favanne Conch. t. 69. f. D. 2. ie Test: Brit. 4 p 186. —— - Supple. t. 18. : E s Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset: t.19. f. 28. B perversus, Walker Test. Min. Rar. t. 8. f. 64. Martini 8. Descriptive Catalogue of the British Testacea. 117 Martini Conch. 1. t. 19. f. 178. 179. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 181. —— nim. t. 18. f 6. Halitat in mari, fucis et testaceis Minrtot; frequens, — — Testa minuta, alba, pellucida, sub epidermide brunnea. - 74 . Varietas B anfractibus contrariis. First noticed on the British shores by Mr. Boys. crassulus. N. testa crassa, utrinque umbilicata, geniculis lineatis. gt | UABPSIDDE: it to un He Nautilus. Walker Test. Min. Rar. t. 3. f. 10. Adams Microsc. p. 641. t. 14. f. 55 - Martini Conch. 1. t. 19. d. | j AMobtagmdFistssdiento p 191; $ Supplem. t. 18. 2; - Habitat iù mari. Testa opaca, alba. From Reculver; Cre rare. (Walker) ey: E » i£ S HÉ SEET. Eod Y x ymi E Å aui Hi 33 tobátului: N. testa perdrai iadt E EA verrucosa, spi- rali, isthmis intercepta: septis semilunaribus tener- rimis. Linn. Gmel. p. 3139. Serpula Nautiloides. Schröter n. Litterat. 3. t. 3. f. 22. 93. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 515. Serpula lobata. — ! ‘Habitat in. mari, fucis, testaceis, bysso, Pinnee ingenti adherens. f Testa diametro 1 lin. alba, vel flavescens, figura inconstante, nunc magis UG deal nunc magis oblonga, supra convexa, me plana, lobis is du para Prim soe aly gin vt attached to other ribs ES tq with Site be . placed among the Serpule. We agree, therefore, with Dr. Turton (whose trivial name we have fidoptem s in - = 10. semili- 118 © . Dr. Maton’s and Mr. RACKETT'S 10. She ** elongati, rectiuscult. — ' semili- N. testa recta, apice incurvato-spirali, suftactibua con- tuus. tiguis. Linn. Syst. Nat. p. 1163. n. 280. Linn. Gmel. p. 3312. | s Column. Phytob. t. 38. f. D. 'Planc. Conch. t. 1. AG 4 Martin. Conch. 1. t. 20. F 186. 187. Walker Test. Min. Rar. t. 8. f. 13. Adams Microsc. p. 642. t. 14. f. 38. x Montagu Test. Brit. Pp. 196 ; § Supplem. t. 19. f. 3. Habitat in mari. Testa minuta, brunnea; geniculis elevatis; siphone producto, minimo. From Sandwich and Sheppy Island; rare. F Found by Mr. Tor 2 Ik TARN carinatu- N. testa oblonga, carinata ; apertura lineari, ovali. lus. Walker Test. Min. Rar. t. 3. f. 72. —— —- Adams Microsc. p. 642. t. 14. f. 31. Montagu Test. Brit. p- N DN O s Habitat in mari. —— ue Se EAS Testa albida, diaphana, vitrea. From Seasalter and Sandwich ; very rare. “Walker. ) 12. | Legumen. N. testa compressa articulata, hinc marginata : siphone laterali. Linn. Syst. Nat. P 1164. n. 288. Linn. Gmel. Sah C ue Piane, Conch. E aeg t 7 Montagu Test. Brit. Suppen t 19 or e Habitat in mari. , H3 > ES - EE-S a * di a Id * d 3 à ER X xo». a Lm WE ALS x AU. ETCA $ sp Pr M. Se * se, oS oA Ei ils te Ree ee Boe Testa. *. — Descriptive Catalog ue of the British Testacea. 119 Testa minuta, s aise: apice ad alterum latus cultrato, ad now levi- -ter arcuato. (Gmelin.) . 3 ips : Sound by, Mr. Montag gu. . pies CMM rectus. N. testa subareuata ; geniculis d" s depressis.. Walker Test. Min. Rar. t. 3. f. 74. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 197. CEN: t. 19. f. 4. § f. T. Habitat in mari, rarissima. Testa py poll. longa, crassa, opaca, brunnea, cameris inconspicuis. Found at Sandwich, by Mr. Boys. 14. te testa recta, oblongo-ovata, articulis torosis, glabris. »* — Linn. Syst. Nat. p. Pss n. oen neces "cm; A 3373. E Plates Gone. 1. 5. pe Lederm. Micr. t. 8. f. e; 4 t 4 r. Se a | Martini Conch. 1. vign. 1669. - ` Montagu Test. Brit. p. 197. t. tafe 4; & t. M. f. 6. Habitat in mari. — — Testa minuta, opaca, vapi leve; geniculis 2ad 5. Articulus primus nunc globosus, nunc conicus. Apex nunc obtusus, nunc acutus, Found at Sandwich, by Mr. Boys. 15. subarcua- N. testa subcylindrica, subarcuata ; articulis tribus glo- ‘tus. bosis, reliquis indistinctis. = 1o Montagu Test. Brit. p. 198. t. 6. SJ. 5. | ~ Lederm. Micr. t.4.f.S. -Habitat ad littora. ——— _ Testa 3s E longa, alba, pellucida, glabra, - Found at Sandwich] Kent, a Mr. Spi | 16. s jugosus. N. testa subcylindrica, subarcuata, articulis n novem glo- bosis, costatis. Montagu Test. Brit. P 198. t. 14. J. 4. - Gualt. Test. t. 19. f. N? Martin. Conch. 1, vign. Lf. B. b.. Linn. è 120 l ` Dr. Maron’ s and Mr. Rackert’ ` Linn. Gmel. p. 397 g; N. oan Montagu Test. Brit. p. 198. | s Habitat in mari. ied aaa Testa 4 poll. longa, opaca, baies, apice producto. Found by Mr. Boys. on the Kentish coast. [4 : bee costatus. N. testa recta, subey linea articulis duodecim torosis, | Cont HU | A Test. d ibi al ew cd 5. ` Habitat i in mari. - quc .. . euius Testa. 4 poll. ligt costis quatuor br equidistantibus, longitidinalius - Varietas B articulis sex. "Found by Mr. Boys, on the Kentish coast. CYPRÆA. ; Toni Syst. Nat. n. 390. Pediculus. C. testa marginata, transversim sulcata. a. P oe: Nat. = 1180. m. 364, Linn. Gm p: Sali g Beka Corne. t. 28. fa 12... ipede Da Costa Brit. Conch. Ph 32. t. 2. rx 6. Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 43. A "^ ie: wh gd puc 6 minor, pallida, EWPRERASeR, seu. camaria, srt ee maculis. . á Lister Anim. Angl. t. 3. É Y S | Borlase Cornw. t. 28. ra Te pi iaiia go} tartini: Conéh. t. 99. f. 308—9.. 4^. Coie te 107. Ei 9T. E E Brit. EVE t. ARENE o Hid à 54262 Bra yi p *s s; raid, maculis s tibus bibis: dt "Testa imagined ie piti u abov. First noticed. = Borlz Ie = š ‘Limeus V bullata. i. patula. Descriptive Catalogue of the British Testacea. 121 Linnzus has noticed that the European shells want the longitudinal furrow; and heappears to have been acquainted with the variety above mentiantd, which, he says, is without spots. C. testa subglobosa, levi. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 202. t. 6. f. 1. Habitat in mari, rarior. Testa vix magnitudine pisi, candidissima, diaphana, glabra, interdum ob- solete striata. Spira acutiuscula. Rima utrinque dentata, dentibus acutiusculis. An distincta species? vel testa junior przecedentis ? Found at Tenby, S. Wales, by Mr. Adams; and in ‘Salcombe Bay, Devon, by Mr. Montagu. BULLA. Linn. Syst. Nat. n. 321. B. testa birostri, margine plano, rostris inzequalibus. Martin. Conch. 1. t. 23. f. 217. a. b? Pennant Brit. Zool. 4. t. 70. f. 85. A. Encyclop. Method. t. 357. f. 1. -Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 40. t. 12. f. 8. €. aperta. Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 143. Montagu Test. Brit. R 207. . Habitat in mari. Testa 1 poll. longa, 4 poll. lata, alba, pellucida, lzvissima, fragilis ; altera extremitate quasi truncata. Columella subumbilicata. Found at Weymouth, omg to Pennant and Dr. Pulteney. B. testa subrotunda, pellucida, transversim substriata, ; tota hiante. Linn. Syst. Nat. p. 1183. n. 376. Linn. Gmel. p. 3424. VOL. VIII. R Gualt. 122 — — Dr. Marow's and Mr. Rackert’s Gualt. Test. t. 13. f. E. E. Martin. Conch. 1. p. 266. vign. 13. f. 3. Schrót. Einl. in Conch. t. 1. f. 8. a. b. Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 30. t. 2. f. 3. Chemn. Conch. 10. t. 146. f. 1354. 1355. Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 40. t. 22. f. 3. Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 120. ps n Montagu Test. Brit. p. 208. siut Habitat in mari. — : ` Testa diametro 4—1 poll. tenuis, fragilis, pellucida. Columella potius in- flexa quam involuta. Umbilicus nullus. Runa patentissima. First noticed as British by Da Costa. Not uncom- mon on many parts of the Western and Southern coasts. Mr. Donovan has found it below Tenby, in Caermar- thenshire. Se Catena. B. testa ovali, pellucida, transversim striata; spira obtusa. _. Adams in Act. Soc. Linn. 5. t. 1. f 5 Tt 8. B E ? kn Montagu — "— - - 7 Sie Habitat in mari. SENES Testa minuta, B. aperia MESS dila, striis transversis, punctatis, catenam: zemulantibus: hee strize oculo armato solum discernende sunt. Aper- tura ampliata, versus apicem angüstata, Found among sand in Bigberry Bay, Devon, by Mr. Montagu; and at Tenby; S. Wales, by Mr. Adams. atte emargi- B. testa gibba; apertura ‘emarginata. Adams in Act. “nata. ‘Soc. Linn. 5. t. 1. A9. 10, 11. Habitat in mari. " Found near Pembroke. (Adams). 3 ieee denticu- B. testa oblonga, er a obtusa, levi, apertura ad lata. apicem denticulata, - oe Adams’ in à Act. Soc. Linn. 5. t. 1. f. 4 4, 5 A dh distal . Habitat Descriptive Catalogue of the British Testacea. 123 Habitat in mari. Testa pellucida, alba. Found near Hosted « not common.” (Adams.) The above two species appear to have been noticed only by the late Mr. Adams. Plumula. B. testa depressa, ovato-oblonga, aperta. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 214. t. 15. f. 9. Habitat in mari. wade Testa X poll. longa, 1 lata, tenuis, pellucida, flavescente-alba, striis con- centricis rugosa, costis 9 vel 3 fere obliteratis a margine ad apicem, intus rugosa. Spira vix conspicua. — A new species, discovered by Mr. icd at Mil- ton Sands, South Devon. EET Haliotoi- B. testa subovali, pellucida; apertura ovali, dilatata. dea. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 211. t. T. f. 6. Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. ELZ DS Habitat in mari. Testa poll. longa, 4 poll. hs alba, tenuissima, obsolete rugosa, omnino facie Haliotidis. Spira obsoleta, anfractibus. vix duobus. Apex con- tortus. - Discovered in Salcombe Bay, and. at Portross, De- cvopllie ; and on Studland Beach, Dorset, by Mr. 2 0053 Found at d ‘by Mr: bur 8. AMEN: Pr yaahe B. testa ORI dl; pellucida, longitudinaliter. substriata, © vertice umbilicato. Linn. Syst. Nat. P 1183. n. 377. Linn. Gmel. p. 3424 ——— ^ Gualt. Test. t. 13. f. DD. . Martin. Conch. 1. t. 21. f. 199. -.. Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 23. t. 1. f. 10. D. Navicula. — - Chemn. Conch. 9. t. 118. f. 1019. | Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 40. t. 23. $ 10. E au .. Donovan 124 9. Dr. Maton’s and Mr. RAckrTT's Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 88. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 217. Halitat in mari. Testa diametro fére I poll. tenuis, fragilissima; globosa; colore corneo: vel stramineo, interdum epidermide ferruginea.. Spira nulla. Umbilicus an- tice imperforatus. Rima ovato-oblonga, versus apicem angustata.. Not uncommon. on the Western coast. — Ampulla.-B. testa rotundata, opaca, vertice umbilicato. Linn. Syst. Nat. p. 1183. n. 378. Mus. Lud. Ulr. n. 220. - Linn. Gmel. p. 3424.. Bonann. Recr. 3. f. 3. Grew Mus. t. 9. f. 1,8 Lister Conch. t. 114. f. 12. $ Petiver Gaz. t..50. f. 13; & = 99. f.1 jdn Rumph. Mus. t. 27. f. G. Gualt. Test. t. 12. fri. _ Lesser Testaceoth. f. 31. — — Mus. Gottwald. t; 4. c. 4. f. 56—59. Adans. Seneg. t. 1. f. 2. | = Pennant Brit. Zool. 4. [84.5 5 2 Favanne Conch. t. 97. f. F. 6. | Murray in Amen. Acad. 8. t. 2. f. 9. Knorr Vergn. 2. t. 8. f. 15. Martin. Conch..1. t..22. f. 209—904. -Encyclop. Method. t. 958. f. 2. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 200. t. T. she Ae Habitat in mari. Testa $ poll. longa, albida, cele hib oa: Spira Bulls. English specimens are smaller. Ead Lie m Ampulla described by Linnzus. Found by Mr. E in sand, harbour; butrare. ^ ^ from Falmouth . 10. lignaria. a Descriptive Catalogue of the British Testacea. 195: lignaria. B. testa obovata, oblongiuscula, transverse striata, ver- tice subumbilicato. Linn. Syst. Nat. 2: 1184. n. 379. Linn. Gmel. p. 3425. Lister Conch. t. 714. f. 71. Borlase Cornw. t. 28. feth. Knorr Vergn. 6. t. 97. f. 4, 5. Martin. Conch. t. 91. f. 195. Pennant Brit. Zool. t. 10. f. 83. Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 26. t. 1. f. 9. Humphry in Act. Soc. Linn. 2. P. 15. t p f es Encyclop. Method. t. 359. f..3. Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 40. t. 23. "T 9.. Montagu Test. Brit. E 205. Habitat in mari.. — Testa, rarius 2 poll. longa, eoit fere ride vel f idiridiiannso, striis minutissimis albis exarata, intus alba. Spira nulla. Umbilicus obso- letus.. Rima versus apicem angustata, Found at Weymouth, Dorset, and in Cornwall and Devonshire ;. rare.. | t. 7 T. Akera.. D. testa ovata, pellucida ; vertige truncato cañaliculato. Linn; Gmel p«3494. 289) semel Chemn. Conch. 10. t. 146. f 1358: d,:9,9: Donovan Brit.. Shells, t-79.. B. raile AX ` Montagu Test. Brit. p. 919. = spica Pulteney.in Hutch. Apri t ea: ne a3. Habitat in mari. =- — Testa magnitudine nucis rud cornea, idis, elastica, longitudi- . ndliter obsolete rugosa, transversim (oculo armato) minutissime striata. - [per retusus., Rima apice angustata... 2 found on the shores of. Damff, in Scotland ; at Ly-- mington, by Mr. Keate; at Portsmouth, Hants, by fr. Laskey ; at Poole, Dorset ; and near Southampton, i -by Mr. Montagu.. 12, diaphana. 126 Dr. Maton’s and Mr, RAcxkzTT's 12. diaphana. B. testa ventricosa ; spira acuta, vix producta. Pennant Brit. Zool. 4. t. (1. f. 872 V. Jonensis. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 225. ELES : Habitat, rarior, in mari. Testa 4 poll. longa, 2 lata, alba, SUR nitida, tenuissima, fragilissima. Spira anfractibus tribus parum prominentibus. Apertura subovalis. Found by Mr. Montagu, in Salcombe Bay, Devon. 13. a fontinalis. B. testa ovata, pellucida, contraria; spira obsoleta ; apertura ovato-oblonga. Linn. Fauna Suecica, n. 2160. Syst. Nat. p. 1185. n. 386. Linn. Gmel. p. 3427. Lister Anim. Angl. t. 2. f. 25. Conch. t. 134. f. 34. Gualt. Test. t. 5. FGC Muller Verm. p- 167. n. 353. Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 96. t. 5. f. 6. _ F'avanne Conch. t. 61. f. E. 9? — Montagu Test. Brit. p. 226 Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 40. 1.21. "m 6. _ Habitat in rivis et stagnis, plantis aquaticis adherens. — — ; Testa 1 poll. longa, 4. lata, ventricosa, ovata, pellucida, flava, fragilis, ut vix tactum ferat. Apertura ovato-oblonga, fere longitudinalis. An- fractus infimus ventricosus, reliqui vix prominentes, Mucro obtusissi- mus est, Spire sinistrorsum incedunt. (Linn.) 14. | + rivalis. B. testa ovali, pellucida, sinistrorsa; spira prominula, acuta ; apertura ovato-oblonga. Favanne Conch. t. 61. f. E. 6? Schrot. Flussconch. t. 6. f. 16; a. b. Chemn. Conch. 9, t. 103. EE M 878. Habitat in rivis et stagnis, | Testa 4 poll.longa, } lata, pellucida, Rives echelons 2. fontinali affinis, sed utplurimum major, exacte ovalis, Mucro acutus. -— magis coarctata versus. apicem. : . Found by Mr. James Has, in Hampahire. 5. Hypnorum. Descriptive Catalogue of the British Testacea. — 127 15. Hypno- B. testa ovata, pellucida, sinistrorsa; spira prominente ; rum. . apertura ovato-lanceolata. Linn. Fauna Suecica, n. 2159. Syst. Nat. p.1185.n. 387. Linn. Gel. p. 3428. - Petiver Gaz. t. 10. f. 8. Lister Conch. t. 1059. f. 5. — E Schrot. Flussconch. t. 6. f. 9. | Watker Test. Min. Rar. t. 2. f. 54. | | - Muller Verm. p. 169. n. 354. Planorbis turritus. Chemn. Conch. 9. t. 103. f. 882, 883. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 228. bu. cas: Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. t. 18.f. 20. : ; Habitat in aquis dulcibus. Testa longitudine seminis avenze, sed crassior, pelle, subflava, tenerrima;. prominens, eblonga, minus acuta, spiris seu anfractibus quatuor, si- ` nistrorsum flexis. | Apertura oblonga est, cum spire infime latitudo superat totum corpus teste superioris, ( Linn.) Figured and described by Petiver, who says it is found at Mitcham, Surrey; and in ponds and ditches about London. Found near Exeter, and in Wiltshire, ofa large size, by Mr. Montagu. We have received it from Keme ss og 6; Se B. testa a advice, levi, apertura angustissima. < Lister Conch. 3.714. fe 10. ives 21 Pennant Brit. Zool. 4. t. 70. f. 85..— m Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 40. 1. 18. 8.f 99. Donovan Brit. TS t. 190. f. 9. Habitat in mari. ; Testa 4 poll. longa, vix 2 lata, alba, pellucida, nitida. edit linearis;. basi paululum. cie Spira vix apparet. First noticed by Lister, who had it from. Barnstaple, Des. Found at eyma, pH D Teeney: at S . Falmouth, - 128 17. obtusa. 18. retusa. Dr. Matown’s and Mr. RACKETT’S Falmouth, Teignmouth, and Biddeford, by Mr. Mon- tagu; near Ilfracombe, Devon, by the Rev. T.-Rackett. This species must not be confounded with B. cylin- drica of Gmelin. B. testa subcylindrica, spira prominula. Walker Test. Min. Rar. t. 3. f. 62. per peram. Montagu Test. Brit. P. 223, t. 7. f.'S. bene. Halitat in mari. Testa ad + poll. longa, + lata, alba, opaca, versus spiram angustior. _Aper- tura linearis, latior ad basin. First noticed by Mr. Boys, at Sandwich. Found in abundance near Southampton; at Llaugharne, Caer- marthenshire ; and sparingly at Salcombe, Devon, by Mr. Montagu. We have received it from Chester, and have found it at Poole and Weymouth, Dorset. B. testa subcylindrica, spira retuso-umbilicata. Adams in Act. Soc. Linn. 5. t. 1. f. 1, 9. B. truncata. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 223. t. 7. f- 5. B. truncata. Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. t. 18. J 13. Habitat in mari. Testa 1 poll. longa, alba, versus apicem longitudinaliter striata, medio coarctata. Apex truncatus.. Discovered by Mr. Adams, near Pembroke. Eos by Mr. Montagu, at Falmouth, in Cornwall; in Sal- tombe Bay, Devon; and at Weymouth, Dorset. We have not retained the specific name of truncata, = i given to this shell by Mr. Adams, on account of its g been pre-occupied by Gmelin for a very different species, originally described D peee ur in the Rudolstadt Bas f Se “49. umbili- Descriptive Catalogue of the British Testacea. - 199 19. wb B. testa oblongo-ovali, apice obtuso-unibilicata. ` Montagu Test. Brit. p. 222. A T F 4 Halitat in mari, rarior. | Testa 4 poll. longa, +, lata, “ibe ct a doi apice angustis- sima, basi dilatior. Discovered by Mr. Montagu, at Falmouth. VOLUTA. Linn. Syst. Nat.. n. 922. I ota dott Apertura. integra. tornatilis. is. V. testa coarctata, ovata, substriata: spira elevata, acu- - TEE E Linn. ayer Nat. p.1187. n. 394, Linn. Gmel. p. 3487. Si Lister Conch. t. 835. ft BE oum 63 dos UE Knorr Vergn. 6. 45:19. fod. e mairi Schrot. n. Litteral. 3. t. 2. x 12,1 I5. c Pennant Brit. Zool. t. 11. f. 86. Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 101. £. 8. f. 2. T “ovalis. Martin. Conch. 3: t. 43. f. 442, A3. | Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 41. t. 14. I 2. ... Donovan Brit. Shells, f D7: a Montagu Test. Brit. p. 231. d Habitat i in. mari. ae pee x: i Testa vix magnitudi le | m te colore rubicundo, fasciis 2 albis; striis - capillaceis numerosis longitudinalibus. ` ura oblonga, parum de- - iine _hiscens, da c Wert Loo A eet 3 idet described as English by Da Cita. he notes it _ from Devonshire. Found at Weymouth, Dorset; An- - glesea, North Wales; Torcross, Devon; Llaugharne, — Caermarthenshire ; and in Scotland. — | Gmelin refers to the figures of Lister and Martini, n VOL. VIII. S for 130 Dr. Marow's and Mr. Racxetr’s- for V. tornatilis; and to the same figures for his F. bifasci- ata, p. 34306. eem V. testa ovata; spira elevata, acutiuscula; columella tri- lata. plicata; labio denticulato. | Walker Test. Min. Rar. t. 2. f. 50; § f. 52. testa junior. Moniagu Test. Brit. p. 234. —— — Supplem. t. 20. f. 5. Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 138. V. triplicata. _ Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. t. 18 RE — Habitat in paludibus salinis, juncorum radicibus, algis. adhzrens.. Testa fere 4 poll. longa, vix 1 lata, glabra, colore corneo, ad apicem pur-- purascente. Teste juniores gaudent columella uniplicata, carent- labio denticulato. Found in marshes, near Faversham, by. Mr. Boys; plentifully on the shore between. Plymouth and Dock, at Darnstaple and Ilfracombe, Devon, near Aberavon, | S. Wales, and at Southampton, by Mr. Montagu; and. at Weymouth, by Mr.. Bryer.. d. alba. . V. testa ovali, spira obtusa, Shee c coarctata. Walker Test. Min.. Rar. Jd t. | Adams Microsc. t. 14. f. 27. Montagu Test. Brit. p. dom Habitat in mari. Testa 4; poll. ogi ath; opaca, libra; longitudinaliter striata. From Sandwich and Sheppy Island. We have never obtained this species. In Walker's figure the columella does not appear to be plicated. spiralis. V. testa conica, anfractu primo ad basin costis trans- versis spiralibus, versus apicem. longitudinalibus. Test. Min. Rar. f. 46. Adams in Act. Soc, Linn. 3. p. 253? à oe = 5 ~ Montagu Descriptive Catalogue of the British Testacea. 131 Montagu Test. Brit. p. 323. t. 12. f. 9. . Habitat in mari. ! Testa 1 lin. longa, 4 lata, pellucida, glabra, ba. Afris planiusculi ; suture linea elevata. Apex obtusior. : First found by Mr. Boys, at Sandwich, and since, . ‘by Mr. Montagu, in Salcombe Bay, Devon ; rare. S; | unidenta- V. testa conica, levi; anfractibus 5 vel 6 depressioribus; ta. ! columella unidentata. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 324. -Habitat in mari. l Testa s poll. longa, crassa, subpellucida, ga alba; " apice da her |... Seu roseo, obtuso 5 $ apertura subovali. ` Dens et color ham > testam distinguunt a Turbine UA -Found by Mr. Montagu, on the Pecten mazimus, and ii zd in Salcombe Bay, Devon; not common. dicunt testa ‘turrita, anfractibus 5 Bladkcutiffs, longitudi- ta. naliter costatis; columella denticulata. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 324. t. 12. f. 10. Adams in Act. Soc. Linn. 3. p. 66. t. 13. fF 23, BA; Habitat in mari, rarissima, à Testa 1 lin. longa, 4 lata, glabra, alba. sapien T BE E versus suturam papillosis. Apex obtusus. Apertura subovalis. Found by Mr. Monago t in de "MS Rey Pen iios: pé | plicatá.. Ve testa SCHON, or ; aiai vy eca lis; columella plicata. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 325. Supplem. t. 21. ^ 2. - Habitat in mari, rarior. d Testa 4 poll. longa, glabra, subpellucids, alba. Apex obtusior. Sutura tenuis. Columella intus plica unica. petens subovalis, ad superiorem pev coarctata. Testa tenuior quam y. eni. facie Helicis polite, sed sbie e columella plicata distinguenda, oe ) | | = s 2 | z — «Found 132: E $ Dr. Maton’s and Mr. RAckETT's Found by Mr. Montagu, in- sand, from Salcombe _ Bay, Devon; but rare. yes! , ambigua. Ve testa lavi, acuminata ; is mS 6 vel 7 depres- — siusculis ; columella leviter plicata; apertura sub- - orbiculañ. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 323.. Supplem. .t.21.f. 4. Turbo pallies er EE — Habitat | in mari, rarissima. | Testa plus quam 4 poll. longa, Pes lu, alba; sutura oo Ünbilicus fit ex labio interiore super columellam revoluto. (JMontagu.) - Found by Mr. Montagu, in Salcombe Day, Devon. 9. * * Ovatte, seu obovate: ; effuse, emarginate. | Bast V. testa integra, oblongo-ovata, spira obtusa; columella quadriplicata. Linn. Syst. Nat. p. 1189. n. 405, v Gmel. p. 3444. qu Lister Conch. t. 114. f. 10. a. “=.” Adans Seneg. 1.5, 9-8. 70s : . Da Costa Brit. Conch. X 2. Fa T — — Adams in Act. Soc. Linn. 3. P 355. eaincycler Method. t. 884. f.4. 9. — Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 66. Bulla pallida. {Montage Test. Brit. p. 232. - Habitat in mari. > è Testa cylindrica, glaberrima, solida, ditididissima. Spira convexo-conica, mucronata, levigata, obsoletior. . Columella postice quadriplicata. = Labium exterius leve, crassiusculum, minus, hians in medio. (Linn. ; ` ee Mus : Lud. Ur. p.. 558.. „Bulla dem * The late. Mr. Adams mentions it Ca pré "ind at Te T and on this genti eman’s authority puc) admitted n itasa British species. - os s 10. catenata, - - 10. Descriptive Catalogue of the British Testacea. 135 catenata. V. testa ovata, glaberrima ; spira retusa; columella qua- 11. levis. 1. Perdix. driplicata. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 296. t. 6. pee Habitat in mari. Testa 4 poll. longa, subpellucida, alba, cingulis quatuor opacis, albis, ru- bro-punctatis. Labrum non marginatum, crassum. À new and elegant species, discovered by Mr. Swain- son in St. Austle Day, near Fowey, Cornwall; it is said to be found off the Lizard, and at Penzance. V. testa levissima ; spira obtusa; columella biplicata ; labro gibbo, subdenticulato. Donovan Brit. Shells, A t. 16550 - Montagu Test. Brit. p- 203. t. 6. Í. t Cypræa voluta. Habitat in mari. Testa vix 4 poll. longa, crassa, glaberrima, viridescens vel albida, subtus interdum pallide rosacea. Columella leviter plicata. This species has somewhat of the habit of a Cypr«a, but is linked to the genus Voluta by its plicated colu- mella. Mr. Montagu first described and figured it as British; he found it in Salcombe -Day, Devon. Mr. Donovan has since ee figures of i it from the ZIP. cabinet. - astu E BUCCINUM. — Linn. Syst. Nat. ne 399. B. testa Re ‘inflata, sulabicata, alboque undulata; | apertura edentula. Linn. Syst. Nat. Pe 1197. n. 440. Linn. Gmel. p. 3470. — | Bonann. Recr. 3. t. 191.. Mus. Es. f. 189; ^5 aster 134 Dr. Maton’ s and ar Racxkrr1's Lister Pod t. 084. f. 43. Rumph. Mus. t. 27. f. C. Gual. Test. 1. 9A. fT Argenv. Gonch. t. 17. f. A. Adans. Seneg. t. 7. f. 5. Seb. Mus. 3. t. 68. f. 16. Mus. Gottwald. t. 27. f. 1, 2. : Knorr Vergn. 3. t. 8. f. 1. Martin. Conch. 3. t. 117. f. 1078, 1079. Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 41. t. 15. 5 14. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 244. t. 8. f. 5. -Haliiat in mari. Testa ovata, fragilis; sulcis lzevibus superficialibus. Color livido-griseus, lineis undulatis, albis, longitudinalibus. Spire anfractus totius teste . $ad 6. Aperturalunari-patula. Labium exterius tenue, subrepan- .dum, non reflexum,Zzterius membranaceum, dimidiato antice adnatum. Umlilicus ubi labium interius abrumpitur. Basis emarginata, non vero reflexa. (Linn. Mus. Lud. Ulr. p. 600.) Specimens of the size of a hazle-nut have been dredg- | ed = at era = Dr. yag and Mr. Her Ai e c bilinea- tum. B. testa ovata, laevi; in i M serie duplici tuberculorum. Lister Conch. t. 998. f. 63. Pennant Brit. Zool. 4. App. t. 19. fig. inf. Testa junior. Linn. Gmel. p. 3476. Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. Al. t. A $^ 8. B.porcatum. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 244. | ; Testa Descriptive Catalogue of the British Testacea. 135 Testa albida, fasciis 2, 3, vel 4 maculosis, brunneis, cincta. Apertura am- - pla, subovalis. Spira prominula. Labrum leviter dentatum. This species is admitted into our catalogue on the testimony of Pennant, who says it was found at Wey- mouth; but we have not been able to ascertain it: as. British by any other authority. | , Exotic specimens size of an egg. (Dr. Pulteney.). olo a e 3. hepati- B. testa ovato-oblonga, subplicata; spira acuta, elevata; : cum. labio interiore rugoso.. Lister Conch. t. 975. f. 50.. | Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 41. t. 15: f. 13.. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 243. t. 8. f. 1.. | Habitat in mari. . Testa 1 poll. longa, $ lata, colore hepatico, fascia alba. -Anfractus papil- loso-coronati. Labium exterius plicatum, Columellæ pars anterior | plica una manifesta. -Cauda striata. First described by Dr. Pulteney, who says it is found | in Purbeck, and at Weymouth, Dorset ; but rarely. a IH Lapillus. .D. testa ovata, acuta, striata, levi; columella planiuscu- - à da, Linn. Fauna Suecica, n. 2101. PES Nat. p. 1902. . l DIT oe 467. Linn. Gmel. p. 3484. s T UON | Cole in Act. Angl. 1684. — Hee boe — Anim. Angl. t.3. f. 5, 6. Lister Conch. t. 965. f: 18; 19. Petiver Gaz. t.18. 35. | Linn. Wgoth. Resa. 170. Adans. Seneg. t. 7. f. 4. — E Knorr Vergn. 6. t. 99. f. 4... F => — — Martini Conch. 3. t. 121. £i 1111, 1112. É Pennant Brit. Zool. t. 72. f. 89. Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 195. t. 7. f. 1, 2, 3, 4. 9. 12. Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. À1. t. 15. f. 1, 2, 3, 4. 9. 12. | Donovan 136 ce DF Maron’ S d: Mr. RACKETT’S $ Baw Brit. Shells, FE Montagu Test. Brit. p. 239. Habitat, frequentissima, in mari. Testa 1 vel 2 poll. longa, albida, flavicans; interdum colore flavo vel casta- neo, fasciata, crassa, rudis, striis membranaceis, longitudinalibus, (inter- dum absque striis). Apertura ovalis. Labrum interius subdentatum. lineatum. B. testa oblonga, spira acuta pyramidali. | Martini Conch. 4.f- 1188, 1189? | Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 130. t. 8. f. 5... — A Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 41. t. 14. f. 5. ui Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 15. : 4 Montagu Test. Brit. p. 245. Habitat in mari, fucis adherens. Testa magnitudine seminis tritici, vel puni major, levis, subalbida, lineis fuscis spiralibus. Apertura ovalis. | First noticed as British by Da Costa, who received dt from Cornwall and Devonshire. Dr Pulteney and — Mr ‘Montagu have found it on ‘the coast. of Dorset, between Weymouth and Portland. - : Á pe .. Not B. lineatum, of Gmelin, ud e : 3 T i glaciale. B. testa lævi, su bstriata, Brats obion : anfractu in- fimo subcarinato. Linn. Fauna Suecica, n. 2162.. Syst. Nat. p. 1204. n. 474. Linn. Gmel. p. 3491. Muller. Zool. Dan. Prodr. 2942. ; Jani Oth. Fabric. Fn. Grenl. p. 897. n. S97. - Schrót. n. Litterat. 3. p. 270. t. 3. f. 20, 21. | Chem. Berl. Naturf. 6.1.6. f. 4, 5. 3 5 Chemn. Conch. 10. t. 152. Fe oie Mo Donovan Brit. Cran a 154. ? .Habitatin mad. eni a en e? Testa crassa, E extimi pests pollicis pallida, secundum an- fractus obsolete : striata, acuminata, superne conica. - Anfractus infimus. seu Descriptive Catalogue of the British Testacea. 1387 seu maximus, subcarinatus est, sed hæc carina in reliquis superioribus anfractibus evanescit, cum sutura anfractuum evadat que attenuata. Basis gibba, emarginata, Apertura ovata. Labium exterius crassum, patulum, striis incumbentibus. ( Linn.) Discovered by Mr. Agnew among the Orkney Islands. T. undatum. B. testa oblonga, rudi, transversim striata, anfractibus curvato-multangulis. Linn. Fauna Suecica, n. 2163. Syst. Nat. p. 1904. n. 475. Linn. Gmel. p. 3492. Lister Conch. t. 962. f. 14. —— Anim. Angl. t. 3. f. 2. Seb. Mus..3. t. 39. f. 16—80. Knorr Vergn. 4. t. 19. f. 1. : Martini Conch. 4. t. 196. f. 1206—1209. Olafs Isl. t. 10. f. 1. | Pennant Brit. Zool. t. 13. f. 9. B. vulgare. Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 122. t. 6. f. 6. Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 42. t. 17. f. 6. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 231.* B Lister Anim. Angl. t. 3. f. 3. Conch. t. 962. f. 15. Pennant Brit. Zool. t. 74. f. 91. B. striatum. Habitat, vulgaris, in mari. . Testa ad 5 pollices longa, crassa, sub epidermide flavicante, rufescente-alba.. _Anfractus costis numerosis obsoletis decussatim striatis. Varietas 6 absque costis. reticula- B. testa ovato-oblonga, transversim striata, longitudina- tum. liter rugosa, apertura dentata. Linn. E Nat. p. 1204. 4. 476. Linn. Gmel. p. 3495. pre Conch. t. 966. f. 21. bene. - Petiver Gaz. t. 75. f. 4. Gualt. Test. t. 44. f. C. Adans. Seneg. t. 8. f. 9. Martini Conch. 4. t. 124. f.1162—1164. et var. t1163, 1166. Pennant Brit. Zool. t. ag f. 92. & f. 88. VOL. VIII. | Da 198 ^o Dr. Maton’s and Mr. RackrrT's Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 131. t. q..f. 10. Schrót. Eint. in Conch. 1. t: 2. f. 5. Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 42. t. 15. f. 10. | 4 b Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 70. : ux Montagu Test. Brit. p. 240. | Habitat, frequens, in mari. - Testa 1 vel 14 poll. longa, $ la, rarene nn, longitudinaliter costata, maculis tuberculatis. Variat et magnitudine et colore. Varietas 6 fusca, fauce purpurea, costis latioribus, dentibus obsoletis. aA dab AUN. B. testa subpyramidali, transversim striata, longitudi- t. å. f. 5. naliter lineato-costata, labro tenuiore. Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. À2. t.18. f. 19. Montagu Test. Brit. p- 242. t. 9. J 7 Habitat in«mari. Testa 4 poll. Was £f lata, oin affinjs i tenuior. Color ochraceus. Aferi distinctiores, subangulati. - - Found by Mr. ak between Weymouth and Port- x On eo EN e nugis 4 = Me e ree ; Macula. B. testa UP anirem. striata, abro incrassato. 4.4. f. À. Act. Nidr. À. p. 369. t. 16. J 25.. Mesias Baus ct Pennant Brit. Zool. t. 79. fs- sinistra inferiore interiore. (8. minutum. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 241. t. 8. f. 4. D. —. Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. t. 15. f. 8. E Habitat in mari. ew sn Testa 4 poll. longa, 4 ji; t crassa, rugosa, omnibus’ facile coloribus varia. — Anfractus cancellati, costis tumidioribus longitudinalibus. Labrum interius denticulatum, exterius. macula Fusco. parporess Apex pur- purascens. First distinguisked as a | Brit shell by Pennant. Found at Falmouth, Cornwall ; and on the Dorsetshire and Devonshire coasts, by Mr. Montagu. — 11. cinctum. Descriptive Catalogue of the Dritish Testacea. 139. i — 1k | | cinclum. B. testa conica, costis numerosis, apice acuto. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 246. t. 15. f. 1. Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. t. 14. f. 17. . Habitat in mari. Testa + poll. longa, alba, linea unica rufescente-brunnea spirali. 4nfrac- | tus inter costas numerosas obsolete transversim-striati. Apertura * . coarctata. L2 ; Found only by Mr. Bryer, near Weymouth ; rare. 12. | minimum. B. testa acuminata, costis eminentibus, striis transversis. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 247. t. 8. f. 2. Donovan Brit. EN t. 179. f- 2. B. brunneum. ; Habitat i in mari. . — ^ | Testa -3, poll. longa, crassa, volore castaneo. Anfractus 5 5, costis et stris quasi decussati, Found. by Mr. Montagu, in abundance, on the S. coast of Devon. Mr. Donovan notes it from Cornwall. 13. , terrestre. D. testa subulata, levi, anfractuum suturis manifestis, obliquis. Ae d Gualt. Test. t. 6. f. B. B. Walker Test. Min. Rar. t. 2. f. 60... Schrot. Flussconch. t. 8. f. 6. a. b. eg MACKEN. p SABE OE TE AS . Muller Verm. p. 150. n. 340. undo z | Montagu Test. Brit. p. 248. t. 8. * 3. ELE Habitat i in ericetis, radicibus ¢ | graminut dee adhærens. Testa. minuta, + poll. longa, alba, ‘pellucida, glabra. _Anfractus sex, tu- midiusculi, obliqui, Apex obtusior. Found first by Mr. Boys, in Faversham Creek, Kent. | It has been noticed also by Mr. Montagu, on Barham | Downs, i in the same county, upon the roots of grass l hae A i T 2 and 140 i Dr. Maton’s.and Mr. RACRETTS — and under moss. Mr. Sowerby has found it at Batter- sea, Surrey. We have never met with the following species, nor are we able to add any thing to the discoverer's very * brief and imperfect. descriptions. oT: | 14. — E : A obtusu- B. testa Ventiicoin: arifiactibus, tribus, apertura ovali. : lum. Walker Test. Min. Rar. t. 3. f- 89- ` | Adams Micr. t. 14. f. 25. CURE | : X Testa opaca alba. VC TO UR A From Faversham Creek ; rare. 15. breve. B. testa quinque anfractibus longitudinaliter costatis, transversim striatis. Adams in Act. Soc. Linn. 8. t. 13. Sf. 34. Color albus, mein. Cauda. beris. 16. minutum. B. testa anfractibus tribus longitudinaliter costatis. Adams in Act. Soc. Linn. 3. t. 5m T wen A _ Color albus, opacus. An distincta a precedente? ` 17. À | leve. .B. testa levi, tribus anfractibus, cauda elongata. Adams in Act. Soc. Linn. 3. t. 13. f. 7, 8. 18. | obtusissi- B. testa levi, anfractibus tribus, apertura coarctata,cauda mum. elongata. Adams in Act. Soc. Linn. 3. t. 13. f. 9, 10. "The two last appear by the figures. to. be shells that ‘have not attained their full. growth. D STROMBUS. Descriptive Catalogue of the British Testacea. 1à1 - STROMBUS. t | uy Linus Syst. Nat. n. 324. : Co dato | : Pes Pele- S. testa, abro tetra-dactylo palmato digitis angulato, Ea cani. faucelevi. Linn. Faund Suecica, n. 2164. Syst. Nat. gp. 1201. n. 490... Linn, Gmel. p. 3507.. 'Bonanis Recr. 3. n. 85, 87. Lister Conch. t. 865. f. 20.; t. 866. f. 21.; br 1059. f.5. Petiver Gaz. t. 79. f. 6. Gualt. Test. t. 53. G a A. B.C. Argen. Conch. t. 14. f. M. s »n5 Mut. Güttwald. f. 130.a-b. ^ 2:01. 4S Knorr Vergn. 3. t. f. de: Martini Conch. Sa t. 85. f. 849, 850. : Murray in Amen. Acad. tA, J- 21. de Pennant Brit: Zool: t. 75. f 94. | Da Costa. Brit. Conch. p. 136. Ae Bes f Aporrhais. qua- drifidus. . Pulteney in. Hutch. Dorsch; A 42, t 15. 2 de. 2: Donovan Brit.. Shells, t. 4. xo d: n í Montagu Tes Brit. p. 233. eue | Habitat in mari. — — Turon pisa. SE Testa vix 2 poll. — crassa, nes RRS callidi, aut idisse. ~ "anfractus inferior cingulis. 2'vel 3 nodosis, ir in carinam labri desinen- © tibus Anfractus diro rini: nodosis simplicibus circumdati, o striatis , longa. Labrum Eun, tetradactylum, digitis patentissimis, angulatis, : acutis, mediocribus, primo et ultimo: adnato. Cauda producta sinistrorsum versus. (Linn.) Inhabits the British and Irish coasts. (Da Costa.) | x "a e 2. costatus: 142 £. Dr. Maros's and Mr. RackzTT's costatus. S. testa subulata, labro rotundato. Qu Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 118. t. 8. f. 14. Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 42. t. 14. f. 14. Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 94. em ` Montagu Test. Brit. p- 255. Habitat in mari. - Testa 4 poll. longa, turrita, colore castaneo. BO acutissima, Anfractus rotundati, costis numerosis elevatis. longitudinalibus ; anfractuum su- _ ture eminentes. Labrum ampliatum. Cauda nulla. “First noticed by Da Costa, from Cornwall. It has been found on the sands of the Dorsetshire coast, by Dr. Pulteney; and on Milton Sands, Devon, but Tare, by Mr. Montagu. MUREX. | Linn. Syst. Nat. n. 525. * Frondosus: suturis crispato-frondescentibus, cauda abbreviata. Erinace- M. testa multifariam subfrondoso- spinosa, spire an- s. fractibus retuso-coronatis, cauda abbreviata. Linn. | Syst. Nat. p. 1216. n. 526. Linn. Gmel. p. 3530. Gualt. Test. t. 49. H. Martini Conch. 3. t. 110. f. 1026—1028. - Seb. Mus. 3. t. 49. f. 78, 79. "Born Mus. t. 11. f. 3, À. bens. Pennant Brit. Zool. 4. t. 16. f. 95. apiid Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 132. t. 8. f. T. Buce. porcatum. "Re Pulteney i in Hutch. Dorset. p. 43. t. 14. “hs 4 | Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 35. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 259. Habitat in mari, frequens. — Testa p ene nucis aliti rugosa, close lutescente- : =x- brunneo, i "e is ON Descriptice Catalogue of the British Testacea. 148 brunneo, vel albo; interdum ferrugineo marmorata. Anfractus suturis varicosis, inter varices carinati, costis elevatis, alternis minoribus. Apertura ovalis, . Cauda. henienn T s. Caudigeri s Sends finite tem Re. donde: testa inermi. 9. gn acilis. M. testa turrita, anfractibus eostetis decussato-striatis,. suturis planis. Montagu Test. Brit. p.-267. t. 15. f. 5. & p. 586. Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 169. f. 9. M. emarginatus. . Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. 1.14. f. 18. Habitat in mari, rarissima.. E Testa & poll. Jonga,. t lata, flavescens, suturis pallide ferrugineis. Anfrac- tus 9 vel 10, costis 11 vel 12 convexis. Suture spiraliter striate. “Apertura coarctata.. Cauda longiuscula, adscendens. - A new and beautiful species, discovered by Mr. Montagu on the sands of Biddeford Bay, Devon. Mr. . Donovan notes it from the Western’ coast. Mr. Bryer . found live specimens, by dredging in the west bay of m Porte. attenua- M. testa ESL spire anfractibus. minime promi- tus. nentibus; costis novem pauidistenbens, manifestis. Montagu Tests Brit. p. 266. t. 9. f. 6. Habitat in mari. Testa:} poll. Jonga; E m flavescente-alba, Anpectas octo in apicem: tata, desinens in canalem longiusculum.. oe A new and. cies, Jeco zu Mr. goatee PRE dro Eren harbour; and at Biddeford, 5 m As x | Nebula. M. desta turrita, abiit bus eto costatis, subtilissime — reticulatis, cauda obliqua. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 267. t: 15. f. 6: Pulteney 144 -= Dr. Marow's and Mr. RackzrT's Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. t. 14. f 16. Habitat in mari. Testa 4 poll. longa, nunc faveeceds; nunc purpurascens, vel carnaria, striis albis reticulata. -dnfractus plani. Suturæ manifeste. Coste 10 vel - 1 1 depressiuscule, quibus distinguitur a M. costato. Discovered by Mr. Montagu, at Falmouth. Found sparingly on the Western const and. on the coast of . South W ales. 9. costatus. M. testa oblonga, solicaudata, c costis elevatis oradi nalibus. | : Pennant Brit. Zool. 4. t. (9. in angulo superiore sinistro. Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 128. t. 8. f. 4. B. costatum. Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 43. t. 14. J 4. Donovan Brit. Shells, t-91. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 265. Habitat in mari. — Testa vix 4 poll. longa, colore castaneo vel purpurascente-brunneo, levis, interdum glabra absque striis. Apertura oblonga. Cauda fere nulla. First noticed by Pennant. Found on the Western coast, and on the sandy shores of Sonnie We E but not : plentifully. : Gk RP: septangu- M. testa oblonga, costis septem lohgsteisatibus, con- daris. tinuis, parum elevatis. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 268. t. 9. f. 5. basso Brit. Shells, t. 179. fe 4. . Habitat in mari, rarior. "Testa 4 poll. longa, leviter purpurascens, glabri sutura anfractuum vix depressa. Apertura oblongo-ovalis. Cauda brevissima. | = Discovered at Falmouth, by Mr. Montagu; after- = wards found at Weymouth, Dorset, =. Mt. Bryer. 7 : Tibra M. testa aminta transversim dibidta;: anfractibus costatis, angulatis. aorta Test. Bein pith. t. 9. f-1. ` Donovan Descriptive Catalogue of the British Testacea. 145 Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 156. M. angulatus. | Pulteney in Hutch: Dorset. t. 14. fd Habitat in mari. Testa i poll. longa, +. lata, alba, glabra, apice acuto. "anfractus septem, First discovered near Sandwich, Kent, by Mr. Boys. Found at Biddeford Bay, Devon; at Tenby and Llau- _ gharne, S. Wales; at Brighton; and at Weymouth. bes. rufus. M. testa acuminata, anfractibus costatis; costis nume- rosis, transversim striatis. _ Montagu Test. Brit. P gs . Halitat in mari. Testà 35; poll. longa, 4 lata, purpurascens, OET A vel coloris castanei. -Anfractus costis 15 vel 16. Apertura s oblonga. Cauda brevis. . Found, with the last, at Sandwich, Kent; on the De- -von and Dorset coasts ; and on the coast of Wales. ee M. testa acuminata, anfractibus sex costatis, delicatis- sime transversim striatis, cauda brevissima, labro antice fisso. Montagu Test. Brit. d 204. t. 9. d 8. - Habitat in mari. E f Testa 4. poll. longa, + iud crassa, alba. dirai: minime propsiaebtes, | costis septem. elevatis striatis, Sutura filiformis. Apertura oblongo- ovalis. — A new and rare species, discovered by. Mr. Bryer, at Weymouth. . 10. antiquus. M. testa pe mee rw oblonga, anfractibus octo teretibus. Linn. Fauna Suecica, n. 2165. Syst. Nat. p. 1222. n. 558. Linn. Gmel. p. 3546. Lister Conch. t. 913. f. 4. Anim. Angl. t. 3. ES de Martin. Conch, 4. t. eg f. 1292. § 1294. AOL. VIII. Pennant 146 Dr. Maron’s and Mr. RACKETT'S Pennant Brit. Zool. t. 78. f. 93. M. despectus. Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 120. t. 6. f. 4. Buccinum mag- num. | Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p.43. t. 17. f.4. M.despectus. Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 31. M. despectus. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 257. Me Seer E Habitat in mari. Testa interdum 6 poll. eas crassa, valida, sordide alba, neque glabra, .. intus croceo-rutilans. 4nfractus 7 vel 8 rugosi, numerosissime striati. Spira producta. Apertura anticé angulata. Labrum interius levissi- mum, margine acuto, integerrimo. 3 First figured and described by Lister, who received it from Scarborough, Yorkshire. It has been found on the coasts of Essex, Yorkshire, Scotland, and Ire- land, according to Da Costa; on the Dorset coast, but rarely, by Dr. Pulteney; and at — in Durham, by the Rev. T. Rackett. This shell agrees perfectly with Linneus's descrip- tion. Pennant, and every subsequent writer on British Conchology, by attending to an erroneous reference to Lister’s figure, instead of Linnzus's definition of M. despectus, have given that name to this species. We have seen specimens of M. despectus from Groenland, which correspond exactly both with Linnzeus’s descrip- tion “ lineis duabus elevatis" and with his own figure in the Iter Westrogothicum ; and they Rnbese to differ from any British species hitherto noticed. Since this paper was read, Mr. Donovan has correct- ed his description of this. species, and has also given a | good figure of M. despectus, (t. 180.); though, as he ac- knowledges, on too slight authority € to be inserted as British. es | HW carinatus. emt 11. — Donovan . Descriptive Catalogue of the British Testacea. 147 i déifbus, A i ja Brit. Zool. 4. t. 4. p. 123. it. Shells, t. 109. — Montagu Test. Brit. p. 257. Habitat in mari. Testa 4 poll. longa, sordide alba, Anfractus versus suturam. He non rotundati ut in M. despecto et antiquo ; primus carinis 4 vel 5. First figured by Pennant from the Duchess of Port- - land's cabinet. The specimen from which we have formed the above and characters, and which is unique, is nearly allied to Lin- i mieus's s M. despectus, but appears to be a quunt species. subanti-. - quatus. ` M. testa patulo-subcaudata, anfractibus orto tuber- _culato-carinatis. . t ; Fine Conch. t, 1051. f. Pai Martini Conch. 4. t. 138. f. 1993. Pennant Brit. Zool. n. 97. M. antiquus. ~ Donovan Brit. Shells, &. t. 119. M. antiquus. Montagu Test. Brit. s: 35T- Me Aquam; doli ice gD ob inn montis hi | ne Leone GEBEN GUB S ERES disci id Anfractus transversaliter lineato-striati, interdum costis obliquis irregularibus l in tubercula decurrentibus. | as British by. Pinseti and first figured BE: as such by Mr. Donovan ; found on the Scottish coast. 13. 5 SEES acids M. testa. oblonga, Tdi gnfractaum marginibus com- . planatis, apice tuberculoso, apertura edentula, cauda _adscendente. Linn. Syst. Nat. p. 1224. n. 565. Linn. Gmel. p. 3552. "Lukr CRL 913. f 5- —— Anim. Ang RI J E v2 Gualt. 148 Dr. Maton’s and Mr. RACKETT’S It. Weoth. t. 5. f. 6. fossilis. Martini Conch. 4. t. 143. f. 1337 ? Pennant Brit. Zool. t. 76. f. 99. Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 124. t. 6. f. 5. Bucc. gracile. Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 43, t. 17. f. 5. Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 38. E Montagu Test. Brit. p. 258. 15 Habitat in pelago. Testa vix magnitudine digiti, laevis sed non glabra, alba, sub epidermide cornea, Anfractus teretiores, striis levibus numerosis. Spira pro- ductior. Apertura postice angulata. Cauda parum adscendens. First noticed by Lister, from Scarborough, York- shire. Da Costa notes it from various parts of the kingdom; not uncommon on the Dorset coast (Dr. Pul- teney), and on the shores of South Devon (Mr. Montagu). M. testa acuminata, rugosa; anfractibus rotundatis, cos- tatis, linpntocettiaue- eg Test; Brit. p. 261. 1. 9. f. 4. | Donovan Brit. Shells, t a f $. e elegans. Habitat in mari, rarior. Testa vix 4 poll. longa, 4 lata, pallid’ pronis striis transversis, filifor- mibus, purpurascente-brunneis, costis 9 vel 10. Labrum incrassatum, intus crenatum. Spira acuta, producta, in testis senioribus purpuras- cens. Cauda productiüscula. A new species, discovered by Mr. Montagu, in sand from Falmouth harbour, and in Salcombe Bay, Devon- shire ; found also by Miss Pocock, in Cornwall. purpureus. M. testa base caudata ; anfractibus teretibus can- cellatis. . Montagu Test. Brit. p. 260. t. 9. f. 3. Habitat in mari. Testa Descriptive Catalogue of the British Testacea. 149 | Testa. 4 poll. longa, 4 lata, rugosa, purpurea, maculis albis. Anfractus cos- i tis 19 vel 20 obliquis, striis numerosis elevatis acutis cancellati, Color intus purpureus. Margo albus, crenatus. | A new, elegant, and rare species, first described and | figured by Mr. Montagu, from Salcombe Bay, Devon. 16. muricatus. M. testa oblonga, rugosa, anfractibus ventricosis, cos- tis longitudinalibus et striis elevatis tuberculatis. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 262. t. 9. f. 2. Habitat in mari, rarior. Testa 4 poll. longa, 4 lata, carneo-alba vel viridescens, sub epidermide rubicunda. Labrum acutum, dentatum, intus crenulatum, Apex gla- ber, acutus. Cauda recta, producta, —— 'This species also was first discovered by Mr. Mon- tagu, in Salcombe Bay, Devon. 1T. Bamffius. M. testa ventricosa, alba; costis longitudinalibus acutis, plicatis. Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 169. f. 1. Habitat in mari, rarissima. Testa interdum 1 poll. longa, + lata. Found by Mr. Cordiner on the coast of Bamffshire, N. Britain. ; 18. minutissi- M. quinque anfractibus spiraliter striatis, costis remotis, mus. canali clauso. Adams in Act. Soc. Linn. 3. - 68. Habitat in mari. x | Testa elegans pellucida. (4dams.) =- = — = ^ 1 — . i Found at Pembroke, by Med Adams. 19 Toriti: sululuti, dena brevissite. fuscatus. M. testa turrita, anfractibus stria superiore denticulata. t.4.f.6. Linn. Syst. Nat. p. 1925. n. 573. Linn. Gmel. p. 3562. Lister Conch. t. 121. f. 17? Petiver Gaz. t. 5. f. 5? Gualt. 150 20. - Dr. Maton’s and Mr. Racxett’s Gualt. Test. t. 56. f. H. D'Argeiv. Conch. t. 14. f. &. | _ Pennant Brit, Zool. t. 82. f. 111*? Turbo tuberculatus. Chemn. Conch, t. 136. f. 1267, 1268. Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 43. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 209. : Habitat in mari, rarissima. Testa 14 poll. longa. Spira acutissima. ‘Anfractus striis granulatis, et ver- sus basin teste spinis subconicis coronati. Apertura pyriformis. Cauda brevis, rectiuscula. Found at Weymouth, Dorset, after a violent storm, by Mr. Bryer. Dr. Pulteney, in his Dorsetshire Catalogue, imagines the Turbo tuberculatus of Pennant to be a depaupe- rated variety of this species. — reticulatus. M. testa turrita, tuberculato-reticulata. Borlase Cornw. p. 211. Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 117. t. 8. f. 13.. Strombiformis i reticulatus. - dies Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. AS. t 14. i 13. Habitat in mari. Testa magnitudine avene, subfusca, crassa. prod ovalis, minima. Cauda vix conspicua. First figured by Da Costa. Common on the Corn- ish coast. Found also in Devonshire, Dorsetshire, Kent, and S. Wales. M. testa turrita ; anfractibus 9 vel 10 tuberculatis, su- tura obsoletiore. divisis. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 270. . Habitat in mari, Testa + poll. longa, coloris « castanei. ‘Apertura ovalis, desinens in | canalem coarctatum. Columella involuta € Testa M. reticulate Found 229. adversus. "ide Magus. Descriptive Catalogue of the British Testacea. 151 Found at Sandwich, by Mr. Boys, and sparingly at the mouth of the Aun, Devonshire, by Mr. Montagu. M. testa turrita; anfractibus contrariis, serie triplici tuberculorum cinctis, media minore. Walker Test. Min. Rar. f. 48. Adams Microsc. Essays, t. 14. f. 21. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 271. Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 159. T. reGdelabeeil Habitat in mari. Testa 4 vel 4 poll. longa, pallide brunnea. Anfractus fere coadunati. Testa . precedenti affinis, sed perversa. First found by Mr. Boys, and figured As Walker. It has been discovered also on the Cornish and Devon- shire coasts. TROCHUS. Linn. Syst. Nat. n. 326. * Umbilicati erecti, perforata columella. Tr. testa oblique umbilicata, convexa; anfractibus obtusé nodulosis. Linn. Syst, Nat. Bs: 1228. n. 585. Linn. Gmel. p. 3507. ERS Gualt. Test. t. 64. f. C. - Argenv. Conch. t. 11. f. S. Seb. Mus. 3. t. 13. f. 13, 14. v^ duc di Knorr Véran..6. 1. 27. fi 4546 5 Jam oe Pennant Brit. Zool. t. 80. f. 207.5 Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 44, t. 3. f. 11. T. taberculatus. Chemn. Conch. 5. t. 170. f. 1656—1659. Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. AA. t. MN Joi 1. Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 8. f. 1. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 283. Habitat 152 2. cinereus. 3. lineatus. Pennant Brit. Zool. n. 106. Dr. Maton’s and Mr. RAckzTT's Habitat ad littora. Testa depresso-conica, rubro-nebulosa. Anfractus 4 seu 5, gibbi, supra longitudinaliter nodosi, obsolete striati. Apertura subrotunda, integra, intus margaritacea. Umbilicus latere postico sinuatus, (Linn. Mus. Lud. Ulr. p. 647.) First figured as British by Peunant. Not uncommon on most of our shores. © Tr. testa. pyramidali, umbilicata, snfrsotibus planis distinctis... Eak ees Lister Conch. t. 633. f. 21? Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 42. t. 3. f. 9, 10. Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 155. f. 2. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 289. Habitat ad littora. Testa magnitudine nucis sedis, coloris cinerei, lineis obliquis pur- pureo-nigricantibus. _Anfractus striis numerosis, eminentibus. Spira acutiuscula. Umbilicus patulus, This species has been described and figured only by Da Costa, who notes it as common in various maritime counties. Our description was taken from a specimen in that authors cabinet, now in the possession of Mr. Donovan; but we have not been able to ascertain it as a British shell. Tr. testa subconica, umbilicata; anfractibus convexius- culis. Lister Conch. t. 641. f. 31? Anim. Angl. t. 3. f. 15? Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 43. t. 2 11, 12. _ Chemn. Conch. 5. t. 171. f. 1686. . Pulteney i in Hutch. Dorset. p. 44. t. 16. fai, 12. Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 74. f. sup. et 2 inf. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 284. T. cinerarius. 15 IU : _Halitat Descriptive Catalogue of the British Testacea. dq55 Habitat ad littora. . Testa diametro 4. poll. subalbida, flavescens vel cinerascens, lineis obliquis parallelis brunneis, AÆnfractus striis obsoletioribus, Spira obtusior. Umblilicus minus patulus. © . Notwithstanding the figure in Chommit. referred to by Gmelin for Tr. cinerarius of Linnæus, resembles our shell, we cannot suppose it to be that species, as it does not sufficiently agree with the description in the Systema Nature of “ Anfractibus rotundatis," or the more detailed characters given by Otho Sapa in his Fauna Groen- landica. A. f i i umbilica- T. testa Mtabilicáta, pui ; anfractibus contiguis tus. Lister Conch. t. 641. f. 32? : ` Pennant Brit. Zool. t. 80. f. 106. Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 46. t. 3. f. 7, 8. Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 44. t. 16. f. 7, 8. ~ Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 74. fig. med. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 286. Habitat in mari, ad littora. Testa magnitudine uvz, albida, fasciis obliquis fale idc Anfractus i substriati, parum convexi, ita coadunati, ut difficillime diningoendi. . Spira obtusissima. Umbilicus testam perforat. Lister’s figure is a doubtful one, though so common ug shell must have been known to him. à “Pennant i ima- gind it to be the Tr. umbilicaris, and Dr. Pulteney the - Tr. cinerarius, of Linnæus; but it will not. agree with the APPS of eit FE 5. tumidus. Ts tésta subconica, striata ; anfractibus prominentibus planis, Chenn. Conch. 5. t. 171. f 1676? Linn. Gmel. p. 3574. Tr. patholatus?- vor. VIIL X . Montagu 154. 6. fuscus. T. -- Dr. Maton’s and Mr. RAckETT's Montagu Test. Brit. p. 280. t. 10. f. 4. Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. t. 16. f. 9, 10. Halitat in mari, saxis, testaceis adhaerens. . Testa 4 poll. longa, paululum latior, cinerascente- flavescente- vel purpu- rascente-brunnea, lineis fuscis longitudinalibus. -Anfractus spiraliter striati, plani, versus suturam. mum : prm ad basin. subcarinatus.. Umbilicus minimus. We have found this species on 1 the coast. of Devon- Shire. It was first. described and figured by Mr. Montagu. T. umbilicatus, quinque anfractibus marginatus ; aper- tura subrotunda.. Walker Test. Min. Rar. f. 58. Habitat in mari. "Festa opaca brunnea. An varietas T. tumidi ? From Sandwich, common. (Walker.) ** Imperforati erecti, umbilico clauso. crassus. Tr. testa subovata, Deed columella ubidentata. — Petiver Gaz. t. 36. f. 14? Da Costa Brit. Conch. p.- 100. t. 6. È x Turbo Eas Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 44. t. 17. f. 3, § gs E Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 11. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 281. Habitat ad littora. Testa 1 poll. longa, vix Gadon lata, crassa, rudis, purpureo-cinerea aut . .exalbida, lituris nigricantibus reticulatim variegata. Anfractus sub- - convexi, rugis obliquis, sutura inconspicua. Dei vertice carioso.. Umbilicus vix manifestus, interdum nullus.. First noticed and figured by Da Costa, who received it from various parts of the kingdom, ‘particularly the Western coast, where it. has Sce since I ound in abundance: | E * 8. Descriptive Catalogue of the British Testacea. 155 papillosus. Tr. testa impera, conica, lincato-punctata, basi . gibba. Gualt. TTest. t. 61. f G. M. Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 38. t. 3. f. 5, 6. Chémn. Conch. 5. t. 166. f. 1597, 1598. : Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 44. t. 16. f Sit Tri fragilis. Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 127. ; Montagu Test. Brit. p. 275. t. 10. f. 3. Tr. tenuis. Habitat ad littora, rarior. Testa Tr. Zixyphino major, colore rubescente, maculis A ETATE AG ~ Anfractus planiusculi, are, duabus punctatis pant inter- stincti. Spira acutissima. | First described by Da Costa, = received it from Cornwall. Found at Poole and ey mente, Dorset, by Dr. Pulteney. TP . There is reason to believe that Da Costa's figure was taken from a foreign specimen. Zizyphi- Tr. testa imperforata, conica, livida, levi; anfractibus nus. marginatis. Linn. Fauna Suecica, n. 2168. Syst. Nat. p. 1231. n. 599. Linn. Gmel. p. 3519. | — Lister Conch. t. 616. f. 1. bene. Anim. Angl. t. 3. f. 14. bene. Gualt. Test. t. 61. f. C. D'Argenv. Conch. t. 8. f. N? ` | Knorr Vergn. 3. t. 14. f. 2; § 6. T fib Pennant Brit. Zool. t. 80. f. 103. Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 37. t. 3. f. 3, 4. Chemn. Conch. 5. t. 166. f. 1592, 1593. Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 44. t. 16. f. 3, å. Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 52. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 274. x2 Halitat 156 10. Dr. Maros's and Mr. Racxert’s Habitat in mari, | Testa 1 poll.longa, et fere totidem lata, exacte conica, striata, stris 10 pur- purascentibus cavis; totidemque alternis pallidis ex serie concatenata punctorum. Anfractus novem, ambitu marginati, arctissime coadu- natis ut vix queant a ae Mus. Lud. Ulr. p. 650.) eaiguus. Tr. testa imperforata, conica, striata; anfractibus crena- to-lineatis. Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 40. t. 2. f. å. Tr. Conulus. Maton's Western Counties, 1. p. 216. m Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 44. t. 91. f. A. Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 8. f. 2. Tr. Conulus. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 211. - Habitat ad littora, rarior. 11. erythro- leucos. Chemn. Conch. 5. t. 161. J. 1529. a. b. Testa 2 poll. longa, + lata, purpurea vel cinerascente-brunnea, Anfractus sex, oblique striati, lineis 4 vel 5 crenatis spiraliter cincti. Suture ru- bre, latiores, striis obliquis. Apex acutus, rubicundus. . First figured and described by Da Costa, who notices it from the coasts of Devonshire and Sussex. It was found by Dr. Pulteney on the Dorset coast; by Dr. Maton at Treryn Cove, Cornwall, and at Weymouth. This shell differs materially from Linnzus’s descrip- tion of Tr. Conulus, for which it has been mistaken, but which is described as smooth, and much resembling - Tr. Zizyphinus. | Tr. Mice imperforata, conica, ines transversaliter stri- ; anfractibus contiguis. ai iem Cath. t. 616. f. 2. Pennant Brit. Zool. n. 105? T. exasperatus. Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 41. Tr. parvus. Descriptive Catalogue of the British Testacea. 157 Linn. Gmel. p. 3581. ~ Adams in Act. Soc. Linn. 3. t. 65. T. parvus ? Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 44. t. 18. f. 2. | - Montagu Test. Brit. p. 278. Tr. striatus. - Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 155. f. 1. Tr. conicus. Halitat in mari. Testa 3. poll. longa, satis crassa, albo rubroque undatim depieta. Anfrace © tus striis crebris transversis et obliquis cancellati, Spira productior. | d First described by Da Costa. Dr. Pulteney and Dr, Maton found it at Weymouth. It has been seen also on the coast of piede ru 12. terrestris. Tr. testa conica, striata, basi flano! Lister Conch. t. 61. f. 58. — Anim. Angl. App. t. 3. f. 12. Petiver Gaz. t. 22. f. 10? Morton Northampt. p. 416. Pennant Brit. Zool. t. 80. f. 108. - ; Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 35. Favanne Conch. t. 64. f. O. 1—3. Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 111. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 287. Habitat in montosis, rarissimus. - Testa diametro vix 4 poll. tenera, subflava, vr ian suturis marginatis, - Found by Hudson on the mountains of Cumberland; perc probably first noticed by Morton in his History of Northamptonshire. -It is said not to differ from the land Trochus found at Mereelien and figured by Lister and Petiver. 158 Dr. Maton’s and Mr. RackzTTs TURBO. Linn. Syst. Nat. n. 32T. E * Neritoidei: aperture margine columnari plano, imperforato. jugosus. T. testa subovata, ventricosiore; anfractibus sulcatis. tå. f 7. Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 45. t. 19. f. 1. T.obtusatus. - Montagu Test. Brit. p. ins Supplem. t.-20. f. 2. .Habitatin mar. — Testa diametro 3 poll., ducet fave sa files; T viridescens, vel . purpurea, sulcis albis- Anfractus primus sulcis 10—16. Spira prominula. Apex acutiusculus. Discovered by Mr. Knight in the Isle of Purbeck, Dorset. It has also been : found at St. Ives, Cornwall, by Mr. Gibbs. - 2. littoreus. T. testa subovata, acuta, striata, margine columnari- t.4.f.8, plano. Linn. Fauna Suec. n. 2169. Syst. Nat. p. 1232. - 9,10,11.. m. 607. Linn. Gmel. p. 3588. | i © Lister Conch. t. 585. x A3. — — Anim. Argh t. 9. f. 9. Petiver Gaz. t. 36. f. 1i Pu Quem. Gualt. Test. t. 45.47€ 0m Baster Opusc. Subsec. t. 14. f. is Hill's Swammerd. 183. Linn. It. Wgoth. 169. 199. t. 5. f. 4. j Pennant Brit. Zool. 4. t. 81. f. 109. . | — 7. Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 98. t. 6. F i: y eco Chemn. Conch. 5. t. 185. f. 1852. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5,6, 7, 8.; 4 ue c 073 a—d.; § Se ABSS. amg - Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. iy 495. t. 17. vf 1.; & t. 19. | t eee a Donovan Brit. Shells, t. : 33. 3. f 1, 9. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 301. Habitat in mari, ad littora, frequentissima. Testa 3. 4. erassior. Testa + poll. . longa, 4 + fiis, à cok Descriptive Catalogue of the British Testacea. 159 Testa ad 1 poll. longa. Teste seniores utplurimum leaves, brunnes ; ju- niores vel parvze, striate, interdum sulcate, nunc brunnez fasciis albis, nunc fuscz lineis purpureis, nunc flavae vel fulve, et sepius fasciis sordide czruleis, nunc viridescentes maculis albis. rudis. T. testa subovata, obtusiore ; anfractibus ventricosis. . (4. f.12,13. Chemn. Conch. 5. t. 185. f. 1853. Maton’s Western Counties, vol. 1. p. 277. Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 33. f. 3. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 304. Pulteney i in Hutch. Dorset, t. 28. f. 6. . Habitat in mari, ad littora, Testa diametro 3 poll., exalbido-i flavescens, branes d viridescens. An- fractus interdum leviter striati. Distinguitur a T. littoreo, quod anfractus teretiores, sutura a magis conspicua, animal flavescens. _ First distinguished by Dr. Maton, who found it on the banks of the Tamar, Devonshire, and in Dorset- shire: found also at Whitstable, Kent, by Mr. Henry Boys; and in emi ce e by Mr. M‘Leay. T. testa conica, rudi, longitudinaliter striata ; anfractu primo subcarinato. SE Mee . . Walker Test. Min. Rar. f. 3h. Supplem. t. 90. Y = Montagu Test. Brit. p. 309. T. ^ i Donovan Brit. Shell t 178 f: A Habitat i in mari. - ae iue Ibidi. E rudi affinis sed minor. Spira productior, acutiuscula. — teretes, levitér striati. -Sutura profunda. : First noticed by Mr. Boys, at Kaa bua ou — the shores of Biddeford Bay, Devon, by Me MM LN Tak m bs tenebrosus. 160 - | Dr. Maton’s and Mr. Rac KETTS hS, tenebrosus. T. testa eubeonita, oba: anfractu primo ventri- | cosissimo. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 308. ———— Supplem. t. 20. f. 4. Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. t. 18. f. 15. Halitat in mari, ad rupes. Testa diametro + poll. picea, intus purpurascente-brunnea. Anfractus 5 ventricasiores, EN ceteros longitudine cere Labrum tenue. Apex obtusior. - First noticed by Mr. Montagu, who proposes it as — distinct from T. littoreus, but not without some doubt. Found in Kent, and on the Western coast; but not OR so common as T. littoreus. A x 6. petreus. T. testa conica, acuta, apertura pyriformi. -~ Montagu Test. Brit. p. 403. PU: in Hutch. Dorset. t. 18. f. 13. Habitat in mari. gis vix $ poll. longa, $5 lata, purpureo-brunnea. Anfractus 5, minime (ES , rugis transversis obliteratis, pam pde $ teste lon- | Seales equans. Faux glabra, purpurea, Distinguitur a przcedentibus, quod apertura deflexa, magis oblonga, versus apicem acutior. Farietas albo vel rufo variegata. : This species was discovered by Mr. Montagu on the. South coast of Devon; he also found it at Swanwick, | in the Isle of Purbeck, Dorset. - T. Ziczac. T. testa subconica, acutiore, substriata; anfractu primo #.4.f.14. ad basin carinato. Lister Conch. t. 583. f. 38. Chemn. Conch. 5. t. 166. f. B. . B Chemn. Conch. 5. t. 166. f. 1600. | Linn. Gmel. p. 3587. Trochus Ticsc; i esta 1 poll. longa, 4 lata, glabra, alba, erubescens, aut ceerulea, lineis an- gulatis fuscis picta, €— 5—6 planiusculi, substriati lineis. de- g (o pressis, | fe Catalogue of the British Testacea. 161 J pressis. tenuissimis, ` oculo: armato beet seeker Are Á p r , suborbiculata, versus apicem coarctata.. "Farietas B. minor, alba, lituris fusco-ceruleis marmorata, striis pauciori- bus. Varietas Anglica 4 poll. longa, plusquam + ‘lata, pulp te versus apicem alba, : striis paucioribus ( 10—14). d.n ‘small variety of this species, without the datk zg- ‘vag lines which are found on those: ‘brought from the West Indies, was discovered by “Lady Wilson, near Sunderland, in the county “of. Durham. : 8. * Sulgidus..T. testa: PE PEDEM, ouis bafractibus iiba primo max- imo; apice minimo, obtuso. iif) s mpa Adams in Act. Soc. Linno 3.pc 23A \ Nas! Montagu ra Brit. j r 332. - Hu ni rita v rg e aveli à ‘Habitat i in sin enmt, $ nseomingimynmi pirak Tod Pitan i linez Vou pellucida, otis albo Fateor plorimum fasciis variegata. Apertura süborbicolaris, Sera argari Halitsti in mari. ULE - Found in séa-sand" at Lanny; near Pembroke, by Mr. Adams; andin sand ‘from. W hitsand poss ee oe Mr. ee iniri: T. testa oblongo-ovata: sri Sem ssatis, punctis emi- . nentibus. Linn. Syst. Nat. p. — Gmel. p. 8589. | Gualt Test. i t. ur. i .. Donovan Brit. ‘Shells, t. 4 XT Montagu Test. Brit. p. 315. — | : Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. t. 14. $ 6. 9 299 Habitat i mn mari, rarior... Aut m eee TERS E u* comi us - erenatüm, - Apex obtusior. E ur * VOL. VIII. Y. 1 — Nn 162 10. Pullus. HE “Dr. Maron’s and Mr. RACKETT’S ak = + First noticed and figured by Da Costa, who received it from Cornwall; found also on the S. Devon, Dorset, and Kentish coasts. T. testa imperforata, ovata, levi; apertura anterius di- ducta. Linn. Syst. Nat. p. 1233. n. 610. Linn. Gmel. PU M Pacta uw | Borlase Cornz. p. 216. SS Da Costa. Brit. Conch. p. 103. id 1 ‘Pulteney i in Hutch. Dorset. p. 45. t. 14. gels. Donovan Brit. ‘Shells, t. Bf. 2—-6. Montagu. Test. Brit. p. 319. ` Habitat in mari. Testa magnitudine seminis carthami, levis, glabra, nitida, fasciis maculisve roseis, purpurascentibus, fuscis, albis, undatim. depicta. Anfractus _ primus ventricosior. Apex vix acutus, Operculum crassius, convexum, album, leve. E j Not uncommon in Chik aiid on the Devonshire - coast. diua: by Dr. ‘Maton at eek semicosta-'T. testa. conica, VU Amia" 4 vel 5 Setinditths : tus. 12. ruber. anfractu primo leviter versus apicem stato, ad basin obsolete transversim striato. |. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 326. Supplem. KSLTS Halitat in mari, rarissima. Testa + lin. longa, 4 lata, alba. Spira sine costis. Apex obigins, Columella rs. Apertura suborbicularis. - Testa Volute spirali affinis, sed an- fractus magis rotundati, pauciores, majores, et columella sine plica. Found only by Mr. Montagu on the southern coast of. Devonshire, ie e i. anfractibus quinque paljaid Sisi dievibus, ro- tundatis; sutura tenui 5, apice GEHE peur sub- . orbiculari, EN — ‘Catalogue of the British Testacea. — — 168 i949 Js NN paululum in columellam redexa. Mon- (oo tagu Test. Brite p. 220,5 i- 2 PUT ag in Act. Soc. Linn. S. 4.18. f 2 — 2 „Habitat in mari. ` io (5; Testa } poll. longa, C sni vasi An hujus generis? z Varietas alba, pellucida. Found by Mr. Adams, at Pembroke; and by Mr. Montagu i in Whitsand Bay, Cornwall. It appears impossible. from the figures and descrip- tions of many of Mr. Adams's shells to ascertain cor- rectly to what genus. they belong. Never having ob- . tained a sight of. this or. the. follow "o | ving species, we are „in doubt whether ey ‘should be PERSE, ii the Turbines or Helices. rubet nde: E deisiir. eel | 13. | unifascia-'T. testa. conica, levi; anfractibus. quinque planius- ius. -® Mey fasciatis. Montagu Test. Brit. r ISR — Süpplem.- 4. 20. y. 6.. "uc ] P E in Act. Soc. Linn. 4. p. 9, t1. f. 13, 14.? Habitat in mari, rarior. Testa 4 poll. longa, alba, fascia unica purpurascente-brunnea. Anfractus primus rarius fasciis duabus. Fascice spire juxta. suturam. we i subovalis. Labrum tenue. ps eka nentes ‘Discovered by Mr. Adams at PaAbroke” Found by Mr Meer at. Southampton, and on Burrow Island, nivosus. T testa SER subturrita, anfi gie 5 vel 6 rotunda- | ^tis, apice o - Vi i mella levi. ' Montagu`Test:; — Brit. p. 396.- | Habitat in mari, rarissima. Testa 1 lin, longa, glabra, alba ; sutura exarata. pe sabovais. | Testa facie Volutæ inierstinctee, sed caret dente et COS. Luo a Found by Mr. Montagu, i in sand, on the south east of Devon. - x 2 m : 15. labiosus. s 164 .- Dr. Maton’s and Mr. Rackert’s 15. labiosus. T. testa subconica, aufractibus planis, plicis numerosis. Peinant® Brit. Zool. 4. n. 114. t. 79? lams in Act. Soc. Linn. 5. p. 2. t. 1. fe FHS? À Puilteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 45. t. 18. f. 16. T. costatus. TOS 4 Montagu 1 Test. Brit. p. 400. t. ids $ 7 Helix labiosa. Habitat in mari. m : rene Pe poll, longa, v vix E, lata, | tenuis, subdi CE im tenerrima EUM eet! pellucida, cornea; | apice seepius purpurascente. Anfractus 2 vel 3, 2i qiiid sed costis indistinctis 15 vel 16, primus reliquos omnes zequans. | Apertura ovalis, margine repando. Apex acutus. Varietas sine plicis. š L4 d x T Tt is -uncertain whéther this species was known to ^ Pennant or Da Costa. Dr. Pulteney found it on the. Western coast, cues it is plentiful. * BGsst onpetu: Gie T. iios cei o - Domit: < apertura EG ; Pennant Brit. Zool. 4.:t. 86. f) 120. Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 105. - B eset Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. : 49. t. 18. Lfd 1; Montagu Test. Brit. p. 318. $T WA Ri see = | AST zi sk er “Habitat in mari, saxis, fucis pe rci eue - Testa 4 vel 4 i poll. longa, + lata, opaca, spadicea seu ‘fusca, vix striata. An- |o fractus primus ventricosior, reliqui minime convexi. "Sutura filiformis. : ‘Apertura versus apicem acutiuscula. Labium marginatum, d in harbours and inlets. igguiton G i97 trepid aa Gyon jd venfPosus; T. désta. conica, TN deba. sex: teretibus, aper- [EL tura subovata, margine integerrińmo. Trae Walker Test. Min. Rar. f- "-— spea voii 7 Adams Microsc. t: 14. f. 15 E91 nue . Montag gu Test. Brit. p. 317. t I 2 13. gee: : ` "Pulteney ‘in Hutch. Dorset. £. 18. 8. f. 12, i I a 5 ^ NA. t = Habitat Descriptive Catalogue of the British Testacea. 165: Habitat in mari. AU _ Testa 4 poll. longa, tenuis, glabra, pellucida, pallide cornea, adherente i ine cola nigra apparet. Apex : acutior. Operculi um tenue corncum, — Distinguitur ads Ule, quod cornea, glabra, — temi, anfractus ~ magis rotundati. ES “First noticed by Mr. Boys, and figured in’ the Test. Min. Rar. Not uncommon at Folkestone: and Sand- wich, Kent, and on the Dorset Coast, 18. subumbili-T. testa conica, subumbilicata, anfractibus tumidis, . catus. apertura exacte ovali. Montagu Test. Brit. p- 316. DRE iov in Hutch. Dorset. t. 18. Pus. tt Rd es — longa, 4t, lata, levis, subglabra, flavescente-alba. ( Anfractus ee c 4, 5, primus dimidiam partem testae equans. dtes E i usd Differt a T. Ulve, quod sæpius minor, ventricosior, subumbilicata, an- fractus tumidiores, neque apertura L^ nl versus apicem, ut in illa testa et T. ventroso. Testa pat n [ "or ad basin. ( Montagu.) ig tS This species was first noticed by Mr. Bryer « at Wey- mouth. 19. eee testa conica ; anfractibus. sex , planiusculis, leviter = id. basii ae utplurimm. € «B esborats. Helicibus affinis. Mound in abundance" at — and Salcomb, © Devon, by Mr. Montagu; in the Menai between Caer- Honen 1 and e ede Aas — by Mr. Donovan. ANM o Dr. Maton’s and Mr. RAckrTT'S __ : É 90. à : _anterrup=- + testa acumihato-conica ; anfractibus depressioribus, tus. lituris interruptis. „Adams in Act. Soc. Linn. 5. p. 3. t. 1. f. 16, 17. — Montagu T. est. Brit. p. 329. Supplem. £. 20. f. 8. Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 178. f. 2. Habitat in mari, rarior. | Testa + poll. longa, plusquam ~y lata, pellucida, levis, glabra, pallide cor- nea, vel alba, lituris longitudinalibus ochraceis d a Apertura 'suborbicularis. Margo crassiusculus. | s Mr. Adams appears to have first noticéd this species. It has been found on the coasts of Pembrokeshire and Devonshire. c. mammil- = testa Pru eS iioii: anfractibus striatis latus. punctis eminentibus, striis aliquot majoribus suban- 3 gulata. Donovun Brit. Shells, t. 173. Geve Cak t. 16. f. 152. a. - Chemn. Conch. 5. t. 182. f. 1813, 1814. Ten Gmel. P 3595. = ca eee Habitat in mari. OR er Testa 1 poll. fen balia seu a pallide castanea, striis papillosis, elatioribus, 5 vel 6, minoribus punctatis. — . Mr. Donovan informs us that this species was picked up on the Scilly Rocks, and sent to Da Costa. It is common in the West Indies. EE ou *** Solidi umbilico perforato. auricula- T. testa gonica, ts anfractibus valde rotundatis ; mies uci jd sc pits « cornea, irae 5 sutura incisi, Apex satis acutus, magis fuscus. Labium reflexum, medio angulatum, Umlilicus coarctatus, (Montagu.) — Testa Helici fossarice affinis, ^ maritima. Differt pues apertura. Discovered Descriptive Catalogue of the British Testacea. : 167 Discovered by Mr. ees ane found on at | Southampton. : à; e 23, EET TRO DER vinctus. T. testa conica, lieri, anfractibus sex rotundatis, apice EX obtusiore. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 307. Habitat in mari, algis adherens. Festa 4 poll. longa, subpellucida, cornei PE nune rufescens, nune Fa lida. Anfractus primus fasciis 4 vel 5 purpurascente-brunneis, se- cundus ac tertius fasciis duabus, Apertura suborbicularis. Labrum tenuissimum. Labium HM album, canaliculo in. vc aum desi- . nente. (Montagu.) xcd sie. Gia sob: a A new species, discovered in pSnipdnb Day, Heron | ; by ME Montagu. | DE : ‘ ae UNI A ; ag $ drug itri Hoi Su x. M ee ets - quadrifas-TT. testa subconica, levi; anfractu ge subcarinato, ciatus. columella sinuata, umbilic HIGAS St “Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 86. - SCochilea pn Montagu Test. Brit. p. 398. - Supplem. t. 20. f. 7. Habitat in mari, algis insidens. ! eo: Testa + poll. longa, + lata, crassa, subpellucida, alba, cingulis pallide brun- eddie neis. Anfractus primus subcarinatus, magnitudine: dimidium testae ; : superans. Lalrum incisum. margine- amo. ; Bai obtusior.. ES l4 ab Hein analis i opaca. E at F: moath, Cornwall, by Mr. Montagu. Da Cr ta's Cochlea parca, « of which we have se a specimen, - Supplem.*. 20. f. 3. a su 1D A, ransversim striata; aper- don vix adnata. ba Gnel. p. 3606, X . Lister Conch, t. 23. f. 25.,— = Aa Anti t. 2. $ E: m ns Act. Angl.n. 105. f. e a. | TS E Gualt. Test. t: 4. for. ae 25 E ~ Morton Northampt. p. A15. a 168 Marow's and Mr. Racxert’s Ginann. Op. Post. ES: X QOL sim "Muller Verm. 2. p. 17T: n. 363.. Pennant Brit. Zool. t. 82. f: 110. T. tumidus. ` Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 86. t. 5. f. 9. T. striatus. = Schrót. Flussconch. t. 9. uf. 15. a—b. Chemn. Conch. 9. te 123. lit. č: re Lis Pulteney i in Hutch. Dorset. P 45. fm 21. ne oe 3 ! Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 59. T. striatus. Se o. ~ Montagu Test. Brit. p. 342. - = Supple, t. 22. f. 7. -Habitat in sylvis et arenosis. zi = "Testa & poll. longa, 3 lata, Pufpurisectta diea seu albida, maculis vel Tate purpureis fasciata et variegata. — 4m/ractus rotundati, striis transversis numerosis longitudinalibus delicatissimis. Apex obtusior, purpureus. Umbilicus vix conspicuus. Operculum corneum, cochleatum. Intus utplurimum | flavescens. -First described and figured by Lister; found in và- rious parts of the kingdom, under moss, on dry gravel, - NE and i in sandy or fray CINÉ i. Gm bg gil». cata; anfractibus teretibus, Petiver Gaz. & 18. n 2 Walker Test. Min. Rar. A "S | Muller Verm. p. 171. n. 357. Nerita pout) & p. 172. 2... A: 958. N. piscinalis, : ©- Schrét. Flussconch. p. 246. n. 52. 4 247. n. 61.5 & p 280. — 4. 6. f. 11. Trochus cristatus, Gmelin. p 3627, H. pisc = Th pusilla; 4 ne mea. Dorset p. À5. is 18. P 5, 4, ni Berl. Mag. 4. p. 247. h. 59. rit, Shells, t. 102. “Montag ‘est. ; T m S = : fi Descriptive Catalogue of the British Testacea.. 169 Habitat, rarior, in aquis dulcibus, confervis adhzerens. Testa diametro } poll. tenuis, pellucida, colore corneo. infractus tres teretes, leviter cohzerentes, minutissime longitudinaliter - striati. Um- _Uilécus patulus usque ad apicem. Apertura circinata. Muller has probably described this shell in two places; and Gmelin has not only continued this error, but has given the same species a third time, as a Heliz, ` with a reference to Schróter's figure. 27. Nautileus.T. testa planiuscula ; anfractibus annulatis, dorso cris- dg. £4. latis. Linn. BAT. Nat. p. 1241. n. 654. Linn. Gmel. p. 3612. — Merger oa — Linn. Syst. Nat. 10. p. | 109. n. . 934. Nautilus Crista. wt ext MO Helo. 4, p. 212. 4.9, f. 21, 29;- ae TE Meas ely Walker Test. Min. Rar. f. 20. § 21. . Muller Verm. 2. n. 351. _Planerbis imbricatus. Schrot. Flussconch. p- 238. n. 50. Chemn. Conch. 9. t. 193. f. 1077. A. a. Adams Micr. t. 14. f. 10, 11.; & t. 22. f. 39. Montagu Test. Brit. p. A64. H. nautileus. E —— ———— Supplem. t. 95.4.5... t 20 o5 Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. t: 19. 3. 16. be- - Habitat in aquis dulcibus, pinge p adhzrens.- docola pallidus, — tentaculis duobus setaceis. : | Testa damain daol, pellucida, pallide cornea, sub e idermi Enos abs. / ^ Jus umbilicata, Anfractuum annuli nune manifesti, nunc fere obso- << Teti, nunc- spinis seu ristis dorsalibu 2: First Bigubed aa ficii and ditches. = Walker. Found in ponds 98. e í, r; cristatus. T testa supra planiuscula, subtus umbilicata; anfracti- : bus 3 vel 4, teretibus. _. auf | Muller Verm. 2. p. 198. n. 384. Valvata te w YOL. VIIL Z P o Walker 170 — Dr, Marow's and Mr. RACRETT’S Walker Test. Min. Rar. f. 18. Schröter Flussconch. t. 5. f. 26, a.b. —— Montagu Test. Brit. p. 460. vign. 1. f. 78. H. cristata. Habitat in aquis dulcibus, rarior. Incola griseus, a dextro latere instruitur spiculo tentaculum mentiente, quod quoties testa exit exseritur, re- trorsumque aliquantum curvatur, et a latere sinistro crista pennacea branchiali insignitur. (Muller) — — Testa diametro 4i poll. subpellucida, pallide cornea, apice plano. Ges fractus levissime striati. detruis exacte circinata, anfractui vicino incumbens. First figured as British by Walker. Found by Mr. ‘Boys, near Sandwich; and by Mr. Montagu, in the river Avon, and near Wedhampton, Wilts. 2 | seoreatll T. testa depressa, subtus mde Say te anfractibus qua- tuor, apertura orbiculari. | Montagu Test. Brit. p. 439. t. 13. f. 5. Habitat in mari, rarior. . Testa diametro vix 1 lin. subpellucida, dilute brunnea, subrugosa. 47- ... fractus sutura. conspicua, infimus cylindricus. Apertura subequalis, juxta anfractum dilatior. . Spira nulla. | * Testa T. cristato similis, sed minor, magis solidus et opacus, Apex magis E prominens. (Montagu) - s ` z Found only by Mr. Montagu, i in "Cornwall and De- vonshire. 50. | RES Canietiat, | t Clathrus. T. testa cancellata; turrita, exumbilicata ; ‘anfractibus | contiguis, levibus. Linn. Fauna Suecica, m. 2170. Syst. Nat. p. 1237. n. 631. Linn. Gmel. p. 3603. Rondel Test. 89. f. 5. | Bonann. Recr. 3. t. 111. Lister Conch. t. 588. f. 51. Rumph. Mus. t. 29. ropa Guglt. Test, HL! H. | Plane. B Descriptive Catalogue of the British Testacea. m Planc. Conch. t. 5. f. 1, 8 Borlase Cornw. t. 98. f. 9. : Knorr 1. t. Af: 5.5 4. t. 20. f. 5 46 (39.3. Lesser Testaceoth. f. 41. Martini Conch. 4. t. 153. f. 1434. & 1438. — Pennant Brit. Zool. t. 81. f. 111. & 111. A. Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 115. t. 7. f. 11. Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 45, t. 15. f. 11. Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 28. Montagu Test. Brit. P. 296. Habitat in mari. Testa ad 14 poll. longa, alba, glaberrima, costis membranaceis cincta, minor,. anfractibus 5 vel 6, costis numerosioribus. - t. bf. 1. Walker Test. Min. Rar. f. 45. ou Sf. parous. Adams Microsc. €. 14. f. 19... — pa Test. Brit. p. 297. T. clátitstulas: Found on various parts of the coast, but not com- mon. The smalier variety has been found in Kent; South Devon; and at Weymouth. : T. testa turrita, anfractibus 5 vel 6, costis deas d. stantibus. ^ Da Costa Brit. Wen AR. | p- 104. | Adams in Act. Soc. Linn. 3. p. 66. t. 13. f. 29,3 0, "T. zereus ; 4 1.15.5735, 10-. T. subluteus. gorii Donovan Brit. Shells, t; 90. T. lacteus. Montagu Test. Brit. P 310. Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. t. 19. f. 4. Habitat in mari, frequens, . Testa 4 poll. longa, alba, castanea, rufescens, vel vides costis dia; apice violaceo. Coste 9 vel 11, prominentes. Lalrum incrassatum. First noticed by Da Costa. Common on sandy shores. z2 27-49 Mri- 172 — Dr. Maron’s and Mr. RACKETT’S str inten: T. testa subcancellata, turrita; anfractibus contiguis, _cingulisque varicosis interceptis.. Linn. Syst. Nat. p. 1238. n. 635. Linn. Gmel. p. 3604. Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 102. t. 8. f. 10. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 306. FIO Gee Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. t. 14. f. Lodi : et S nx Habitat in mari, rarissima. Testa magnitudine seminis hordei, qmi RRE ducks striis mem- branaceis, parvis, passimque rugis convexis, callosis. Apertura minus orbiculata, fere obovata, et subtus subangulata. (Linn.) = _ First noticed as British by Da Costa. Found in Fal- ‘mouth Harbour, and on the ‘South Devon coast, by Mr. Montagu. dod uelis is reticulatus. T. testa omiaa, k anfractibus; tumidis, reticulatis. | Walker Test. ‘Min. Rar. J: 32. EXT roe a Maed. Test. Brit. p: 322. Habitat in man. . . Testa 44, poll. longa, is eee crassa, opaca, i on “Anfiactus den ro- -j5 sijn -f tundatis (Montagu.) Apertura mboriicnias. margine crassa, Apex : acutior, o T d An non potius ad Helices referenda? | Found by Mr. Boys, at pim Kent ; and by Mr. i i LEN Adams, at — À 34. se plain babel e Bryereus. T. testa turrita, anfattibas levibus, 4 costis contiguis, apertura ovata. < “Montagu Test. Brit. p. : 313. ETT 8. Donovan Brit. Shells, t: 178., RS Ope costatus. Pulteney i in Hutch. Dorset. e 19. T ri . Habitat in mari, ad littora, | TO BUR” osle » - Testa vix 1 poll. longa; satis crassa, seb, Hen directus binim pro- minent. ~ Supplem. t. 21. Í. i e Catalogue of the British Testacea. 173 minent. Coste 17 vel 18, linea subtilissima tantum disjuncte. Sutura - manifesta. _ Labrum crassum, | Labium picsa leve. Farietas costis 10 vel 12 majoribus. : < a The Turbo above. described. was named by the author | me Testacea Britannica, in honour of Mr. Bryer, of ‘Weymouth, to whom we are indebted for the discovery of this and many other curious species, and whose inde" ' fatigable researches in various departments of natural history must render his death sincerely regretted. 35. | coniferus. T. testa turrita, anfractibus costatis ; costis contiguis, ad . . suturam sub-papillosis. - LAE | = Montagu Test. Brit. p. 314. t. 15. dd Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. t. 19. f. 6.— Habitat in mari. Testa à poll. longa, crassa, alba. Anfractus 6, plani, costis 12 undulatis, - oculo armato ‘subtilissimé striatis. | Apex obtusior. - Apertura ovalis, integerrima, margine crassissima. A new and elegant species, discovered at Weymouth, by Mr. Bryer. denticula-T... testa conica; anfractibus costatis ; costis obliquis, ad cootussccsossutuaram. denticulatis. . Montagu Test. Brit. p. 315. Testa vix 4 poll. longa, vix 4 lata, alba, subpellucida, praecedenti valde "TO OF T c dffinis,, sed « costis solum 9 vel 10, obliquis, "idas neque undu- JiidatisspC E Jatis, int erstiti is sub ellucidis, neque stratis. A pertura s : neque marginata, sed costá solum incrassata. ——— | Found at ‘Weymouth, by Mr. ‘Bryer. mdi: gudd 1 ! striatus. , E testa subtursita, aveact hus striatis, striis transversis, xm regularibus, numerosissimis. ; - Walker Fest Min. Rar. y AQ. i Adams Microse. t. 14. d. 29. Wes o A TR Ter dallas 174 | tagy; ; and at Pembroke, by Mr. Adams. 38. costatus. unicus. and Cornwall. Dr. Maros's and Mr. RAckzTT's Adams in Act. Soc. Linn. 8. p. 66. t. 13. f. 25, 26, Montagu Test. Brit. p. 312. Habitat in mari, radicibus algarum adheerens. Testa + poll. longa, glabra, pellucida, alba, sub epidermide brunnea. £n- fractus teretiores, superne leviter SS Sutura manifesta, Apex vix acutus. Apertura ovata, First found by Mr. Boys) and Amii in Test. Min. Rariora; rare in Shepey Island. Found plentifully at Plymouth and on the Devonshire coast, by Mr. Mon- 1 T. testa subturrita, alte UbUs costatis, apertura mar- gine sulcata. Walker Test. Min. Rar. fA Adams Microsc. t. 14. f. 20. Adams in Act. Soc. Linn. 3. p. 65. f. 19, 14. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 311. t. 10. f. 6. Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. t. 19. f. 5. E Habitat in mari, ad littora, — Testa 4 poll. longa, solida, glabra, stlpallucida, DA Aifeactus fere dis- juncti, prominentes, costis paululum obliquis seu undulatis, validis, striis transversis, delicatissimis, numerosissimis, inter costas eviden- tioribus. Apex obtusior. Apertura fere orbicularis; margine sulcata, crassissima. Discovered by Mr. Boys, in Kent. Found also on the coasts of Pembrokeshire, Devonshire, Dorsetshire, + T. testa acuminata, glaberrima, anfractibus teretibus, striatis, Montagu * Test. Brit. p p p. 299. T 12. x | Walker. Test. Min. Rar. f. 40. Adams Micr. y 14. f. 17. Halitatin mati, Testa AI. duplica- tus. Descriptive Catalogue of the British Testacea. 175 Testa 3, poll. longa, pellucida, alba. Anfractus striis üuiperosis longi- . tudinalibus, interstitiis delicatissime transversim. striatis, oculo armato solum conspiciendis.. Apertura suborbicularis, fere ovalis. (Montagu.) First noticed by Mr. Boys, at Sandwich. ~ * 30 99* Tyrrili, proprie dicti. T. testa acuminata, glaberrima, anfractibus subglobosis. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 299. t. 12. f. 1. Hab tat in mari. . Testa 4. poll. longa, tenuis, pellucida, alba. Anfractus 9. Apertura sub- orbicularis, Spira acutissima. (Montagu.) A new and rare species, discovered by Mr. Montagu, in sand, from Falmouth Harbour. Nearly allied to T. unicus, but being perfectly smooth, it could not be placed in the subdivision of ** Cancellati” T. testa turrita, anfractibus carinis duabus acutis. —.. Linn. Syst. Nat. p. 1239. n. 643. Linn. Gmel. p. 3607. Bonanni Recr. 3. t. 114.. Lister Conch. t. 591. f. 58.. Seb. Mus. 3. t. 56. f. 7, 8. Anim. Angl. t. 3. f... s D'Argens. Conch. t. 11. r G; ibd ii iiec 2 | Pennant 1 Brit. Zool. 4, t. 81. f.. 112. |. Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 110. t. 63 —— Donovan Br ve rit. Shells, t. 112. Habitat in pelago, rarissima.. Testa 24 poll. longa, structura Soie m i er. crassior.. Coloralbus. Anfractuum anguli, seu costae tantum 2 s. 3, obtusiores. — (Linn.. Mus. Lud. Ulr. P. 662.) This species is described as British by Lister, who. observes that he more than once obtained it from fisher- men on the: Yorkshire coast. We have inserted it, » | & therefore, £ ret 176 Dr. Maron’s and Mr. Racxertt’s therefore, on the authority of that diligent and accu- . rate author, though it has not been found by any other 49. exoletus. - ~ Bonanni Recr. 9. t. 113. Mus. Kirch. n. De Lister Conch. t. 592. f. 60. person ; but as it is a pelagic shell, it may perhaps have escaped the notice of less indefatigable naturalists. T. testa turrita, aimi carinis duabus: obtusis dis stantibus. Linn. Syst. Nat. p. “1289. n. — Linn. Gmel. p. 5007. ^ - Seb. Mus. 3. t..56. f. 30. 37.38. Knorr Vergn. 6.t.16.f.8.. t-i, EU ` Martin. Conch: 4. t; 152. f. .1423. Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 114. t. t. f 8. Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 22. f. 1. F cinctüs. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 995. de cinctus. . pn Habitat in mari, rarissima. Terebra. Testa 2% poll. longa, alba, vel purpurascens, lta rufis, vel castaneis,. . marmorata. Anfractus 12 vel 14, obsolete spiraliter striati, paululum prominentes. Apex acutissimus. - Found on the Lincolnshire and Taibdenie coasts, by Da Costa; and at Sandwich, in Kent. This rare species answers so well to Linneus’s de- scription, and to the only reference he makes, (viz. Bo- nanni, t. 113.) that we have followed Da Costa, who makes it T. evoletus of that author. | T. testa turrita; anfractibus carinis sex acutis. Linn. Fauna Suecica, n. 217 bs T Le Nat. Be (1239. n. 645. Linn: Gmel. p. 3608. . Lister Anim. Angl. t. 3. f. 8. Cenk t. . 890. f 55.. Seb. Mus. 8. t. 56. f. 39. § f. 40. Schrét. Einl. in Conch. 1. t. 3. f. 21. | CONSER Knorr Kw Vergn dete RR 5 . Martin. Conch. 4. f. is "Ires Catalogue of th the British Testacea. WwW a: es gigi kts 3 | | . Pennant Brit. Zool. 4.4. "py ux Ed . Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 119. t. 1. f. 8, 6. - Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 99. f. 9... — ete tg se 44, © Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 45. t. 15. if 5, 6 Montagu Test. Brit. p. 293. Habitat in mari. Testa ad 2 poll. longa, colore corneo. Anfractus costis plurimis acutis. Most authors bave considered this shell as T. Terebra, though Linnæus describes it. as having only 6 or 7 ridges ; but perhaps this character i is not constant. : £runcatus.'T. testa cylindrica, anfractibus planiusculis, apie $ Southampton, n m / truncato. E AAP cin Adams in y "Sr T 3. p. 65? ee eae Montagu Test. Brit. p. 300. t. 10. f. T us Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. t. 19. f. 8. Habitat in mari. Testa 3; poll. longa, +, lata, Ms pellucida, corneo colore. Anfractus 4, Sutura manifesta. Apertura ars, leviter. larginata, ——- x aie rarior, striata versus suturas. First noticed by Mr. Montigu? not uncommon at nore rare at Plymouth and on the De- vonshire coast. Found also at. Weymouth, by Mr. Bryer, and by ourselves at Poole. ia Dr. Pulteney's ‘Helix subcylindrica, which he describes © as having the * volutions in some striated or finely - plicated the whole length of the shell, in others prin- _ cipally apparent in the sutures, so as to give them a crenated appearance," appears to be this shell in a ; more perfect state; such are not uncommon in the VOL. VIIL QA E : — West 178 : 4. subtrun- caius. . 46. bidens. t.5. f. 9. Schrot. Einl. in Conch. 1. t. 3. f. 22. = Dr. Maton’s and Mr. RACKETT’S West Indies. The Doctor considered his specimens as English, and says they are found on water-plants, in rivers. and ponds, in Dorsetshire; but we apprehend he was mistaken, since, although we have paid great attention to the natural history of that county, we have never been able to obtain any, similar to those in his oam = T. testa subcylindrica, TERS teretioribus, versus. apicem sensim minoribus, sutura profundiore. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 300. t. 10. f. 1. Halitat in mari. Testa >; poll. longa, pellucida, flavescente-alba, interdum paululum gla-. bra. -Anfractus in nonnullis leviter striati, Apertura suborbicularis. (Montagu.) Discovered by Mr. Montagu, at REIR and in Salcomb Bay, Devon. ` T. testa pellucida; anfractibus contrariis; sutura sub- crenata ; apertura posterius bidentata. Linn. Syst. Nat. p. 1240. n. 649.. Linn. Gmel pi 3609. Bonann. Recr. 3. t. AY. Gualt. Test. t. 4. f. D. E. Ginann. Op.. Post. t. 3. f. 23. Muller Verm. 2. p. 190. n.317. H. papillaris.. Chemn. Conch. 9. t. 112. f. 963, 964. ? : ... Pultene; y in. Hutch. Dorset. p. 46. t. 21. f. 16.? . .— Oliviers Travels in the Ottoman Empire, i 6 17. fst - -— Habitat in. muscosis, vel cavis arborum truncis. - Testa dimidium circiter pollicem longa, glaberrima, fusca. -Anfractilus: 10—11 in commissuris, papillis vel dénticulis albis munitis, —— Noticed as English by Dr. Pulteney. We have more oer once had occasion to remark Š tke TW va s Descriptive Catalogue of the British Testacea. - 179 the necessity of adverting to Linnzus's. descriptions, as well as his references. The words * sutura subcrenata," point out a distinction in this species not to be found in any other. Yet this character has been overlooked, and several of the following species have been supposed to be T. bidens by every British author except Dr. Pulteney, who describes his shell as having “ the su- tures prettily crenated.” We have given a figure from a specimen in the doctors museum, now in the posses- sion of this Society. He notes it as a Dorsetshire shell ; but there is reason to believe'he was deceived, and that this species is not of British growth, since, notwith- standing a most diligent search, we have been unable to procure it. AT. | laminatus.'T. testa turrita, pellucida, levi; anfractibus contrariis; - apertura adnata, postice bidentata. Lister Conch. t. 41. f. 39. major. ` Gualt. Test. t. 4. f. C. — Muller Verm. 2. p. 116. n. 315. H. bidens. Schrot. Erdconch. t. 1. f. 4a. Chemn. Conch. 9. t. 112. f. 960. n. 1. Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 46. t. 19. 9. f 9. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 359. t. 11. f. 4. : Habitat in sylvis, et muscosis, rarior. ^ Testa 4 poll. longa, 4 lata, glabra, Tétüiéenis-Cormes, obsolete rugosa. Anfractus 10. Apertura suborbicularis, leviter Ee plicis duabus albis, et interdum laminis 3 vel 4 internis. First noticed by Lister; found in Muiahire; Kent, and Dorsetshire. 48. biplicatus.T. testa turrita, opaca, striata ; anfractibus contrariis apertura postice bidentata, minus contigua. 2a 2. 2 2 Schrot. 180 40. Dr. Maton’s and Mr. RACKETT'S Schrot. Erdconch. t. 1. f. 4, b. Chemn. Conch. 9. t. 112. f. 960. n. 2. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 361. t. 11. f. 5. Halitat in sylvis et muscosis, rarior. Tésta 3 poll. longa, + lata, brunnea, facie T. — sed distinguitur quod dense et profunde striata. Apertura reflexa, nec ad corpus con~ tigua. Collum compressum. | Znfractus 12—13. This species was first distinguished by Mr. Montagu, who found it at Easton TOME in Wiltshire. It has. been also found in Hyde Park. nigricans. T. testa eee opaca; anfractibus contrariis, striatis ;; apertura postice bidentata, dentibus minus approxi- matis. Lister Conch. t.41. f.39. minor. Anim. Angl. App. t. 1. f- 7. Pennant Brit. Zool. t. 89. f. 116... T. perversus.. Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 108. Muller Verm. 2. p. 118. n. 316. H. perversus. Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p.. 46. h 19. f. 10. Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 72. T. perversus.. Montagu. Test. Brit. p.. 551. t. 11.f.. 7. T. bidens.. Halitat in museosis, frequens. . | Testa vix 4 poll. longa, +5 lata, nigricans, minute striata. Apertura sub-. — Anim. Ang el. t.2. f.10.. orbicularis. Sutura. linea depressa, conspicua. Noscitura T. biplicato- quod minor, magis fusca, et dentes minus approximati. Á labiatus. T. testa turrita, opaca.; anfractibus. contrariis, striatis ;: apertura bidentata, margine dilatato, incrassato, albo.. Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 107.. Strombiformis perversus.. . Chemn. Conch. 9. t.112. f. 957.2 Olicier's. Travels in the Ottoman Empire, t. ar. e. 6. Montagu Tent: Brit. xn 362. CIL £4 6. Habitat: MP ra EE SAM Oia eat Re SEs MOR AE eRe EARS NN eps D NT *- Descriptive Catalogue of the British Testacea. 181 Habitat in muscosis, vel in fissuris corticis arborum, rarissima. Testa & poll. longa, 4 lata, pallide brunnea: .4afractus 9 plani, striis numerosis densis regularibus ; vix a sutura distincti, quse fere obliterata. Distinguitur a czeteris ab apertura marginata et anfractibus haud pro- minentibus. This species appears to have been described by Da Costa. It has been found by Mr. Swainson in ozier- grounds, at Dattersea, Surrey. SE perversus.'T. testa turrita, pellucida; anfractibus contrariis; aper- t. 5. f.2. tura edentula. Linn. Fauna Suecica, n. 9112. Syst. . Nat. p. 1240. n. 650. Lister Anim. Angl. t. 9. f. 11. Schrot. Erdconch. t. 1. f. 5. Favanne Conch. t. 65. f. I. 4. Chemn. Conch. 9. t. 112. f. 959. a. Linn. Gmel. p. 3609. - : -Pulteney in. Hutch. Borar p- 46. f. 19. TE. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 355, t-11. f. 12. Habitat in muscis, ad radices arborum, rarior. Testa 4 poll. longa, pellucida, subflava; spiris- 8 sensim minoribus; in. longum producta; apice obtusiusculo sensim attenuato. Spiris si- - _ nistrorsum euntibus, Aes Fn: Suec Suec. p. € VAM obsoletus in. senioribus. ^^. E . First noticed by Tube. Fadi in W iltshire, Dor- csetshire, Pesensbire, and Cornwall ; but not common. - i E tridens. "T. testa. PAR i levis: animetibne D vel 1 pla- niusculis ; apertura tridentata. Linn. Gmel. p..3611.. Gualt.. Test. t. 4. f. F.. Muller Verm. 9... 106. n.305. =- Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 46. t..19. f. 12. Montagu Test.. Brit. p. dd. Clk f 2. -Habitat rarissima. Testa 4 poll. longa, 1 lin. lata, peer eben, colore pallide corneo. Anfractus 182 Dr. Marton’s s and Mr. Rac KETT'S , ee 6 vel 7, vix distinguendi. Apertura parva, versus apicem — coarctata. Dentes 3, unus ad marginem, alteri duplices in columellam et juxta basin. Found only by Mr. Boys and Dr. Pulteney ; the lat- ter says, * on water-plants by the river Stour, Dorset." 53. Juniperi. T. testa subcylindrica, anfractibus oblique striatis, apertura septemdentata. Schrót. Erdconch. t. 1. f. 6. Chemn. Conch. 9. t. 136. f. 1936. a. b. Olivi Adr. t. 5. f. 2.? Montagu Test. Brit. p. 340. t. 12. f. 12. Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. t. 19. f. 11.* Habitat ad radices Juniperi communis, rara. Testa vix 4 poll. longa, opaca, brunnea. Anfractus minime prominentes, sutura depressa, Apertura subrotunda, margine albo interrupto, dentibus 7, tribus in labrum, quatuor in columellam. Apex obtusus. We are indebted to Mr. Montagu for ascertaining this curious species to be Dritish. He found it at Easton Grey, and at Devizes, Wilts. Mr. Bryer, also, procured it on the hills near St. Catherine’s Tower, Ab- botsbury, Dorset; but it must be considered as a very local shell. 54. ^ Muscorum.T. testa ovata, obtusa, pellucida; anfractibus senis se- cundis, apertura edentula. Linn. Fauna Suecica, n. 2173. Syst. Nat. p. 1940. n. 651. Linn. Gmel. «0. 3611. - Lister Anim. AngL t. 2. f. 6. Petiver Gaz. t. 35. f. 6 Linn. It. Œl. p. 99. Da Costa Brit. Conch. P: 89. t. 5. f 16. T. dbi rin Stróem. Act. Nidr. 3. t. 1. TT : Schrót. Erdconch. t. 1. FA Muller Descriptive Catalogue of the Kp ie 183 Muller Verm.. 2. p. 105. n. 304. Chemn. Conch. Q. t; 193. Jf, 1076. eae Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. A6. t. 21. fe 16. — Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 80. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 835. - — Supplem. t. 22. f. 3. Habitat inter muscos ad radices arborum, etin tectis rusticorum antiquis. ` Testa plusquam 4. poll. brunnea dum adhuc animalculo fceta est, alias cornea, pellucida, spiris 6. Apertura ovato-acuminata,. mucrone ob- tuso. Spire more communi dextrorsum (aperture imposita) proce- dunt. (Fn. Suec. 2173.) Labium sepius dente unico. Varietas duplo minor, nec dentata, nec apertura marginata. Re Ly ) First noticed and figured by Lister. . Found in most parts of the Eisrdom, though not very common. Vac PU 55. . seadenta- T. testa ovata obtusa levi; apertura sexdentata ; labro: EUS.. impresso.. | | Linn. Gmel. p. 3660. ? H. Em Muller Verm. 2. p. 101. n. 299.? H. minuta.. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 331. t. 12. f. 8. Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. t. 19. f. 12. Habitat, rarior, in paludibus, supra Iridem Pseudacorum. . Testa Turbini Muscorum affinis, 1 lin. longa, i lata, glabra, rufescente-. . cornea, pinguis. Anfractus tumidiusculi. Apertura subtriangu-- . laris, dentibus 6, quatuor in labrum, duobus in e ds in = - nioribus dentibus 4, vix conspicuis. Apex obtusus: — viia < Round by Mr. Boys, at Sandwich, Kent; and by MMe. ^^ Montagu, in Cornwall, Devonshire, and among the ` rejectamenta of the river Avon, in Wiltshire. It has. also been found in Dorsetshire.. 56. Vertigo. T. testa ovali ; anfractibus 5, teretibus; substriatis, con- - trarlis ; apertura subtriangulari, dentata. — | Linn. Gmel. p. 3664. Helix Vertigo. — ~ — Muller Verm. 2. p. 124. n.320.. Vertigo pusilla. cm : Schrot. + iet apod M LAS IE: ota orae gn. n 184 | pe Jaton’ s and 1 Mr. Rackerr’ $ ROW à : AR Pam - Seit. haod p. 949. n. 142. ris ven Montag Test. Brit. p. 363. t. o 6 — ^. © Habitat super muros hedera obtectos. Incola tentaculis duobus linearibus, «+ apice oculatis. (Muller.). "- Testa 1 lin. longa, opaca, brunnea, a. d tura E. ribus frequen- ^ tius 3, albis, uno in labrum, "duobus in ‘columellam, cum tumore seu lamina ad cotum labri ; — dentibus 6, cum Bou "CP ib "ul oH | MEpiBBp-— E Testa T T. Bub de valde affinis, sedi magis cylindrica, apice Ei iore, et ~~ anfraetibus contrariis, ad Carychi- 'T. testa Sobeonics, abra; apertura deptibui intus ses- um, quitribus munita. Linn. Gel. p. 3665. Helix Cary- à schlimm. beo atc Walker Test. Min n. TRAR T: 5 PR ut Muller Verm. 2. p. 125. n. 321. | : | Schrüt. Flussconch, P: 924. n. 122. " cente, dient ‘icole Bavas; ; tentaculis modo 2 Pete, quasi bulbigeris, ad basin posterius oculatis. 3 . Testa omnium terrestrium minima, 1 lin. lohan + TR diaphana; ; li- . mace foeta flava, apice albo; vacua tota alba. Anfractus quinque teretes. "Apertura ovata, intus denticulis duobus minimis a latere sinistro li- macis notata ; a latere dextro rudimentum tertii in nonnullis conspici- tur; denticuli certo testze situ ope lenticulæ visibiles. (Muller) EE Anfractus striati, sed vix oculo armato conspiciendi. Apex obtusiusculus, Mj. a Spira magis conica quam in precedentibus, — Bae _ 7^ ^ First noticed by Mr. Boys, who found it in Kent, where it is common. Found in Wiltshire and Devon- a ui ey by Mr. Montagu ; and in Dorsetshire, by ourselves. x following descriptions are taken from Mr. Adams’ s paper in the 3d Volume of ‘the Linnean Trans- actions. The six vend ones are from ‘Walker's feta A Descriptive Catalogue of the British Testacea. 185 Testacea Minuta Rariora. We are unacquainted with — .* the species, and unable, from the figures and de- scriptions only, to arrange them under the proper sub- divisions of the genus. ‘Those given on the authority of Mr. Adams are described by him as minute shells. and as having been found on the sea coast. 58. albulus. T. quinque anfractibus longitudinaliter costatis, aper- tura subrotunda. Adams in Act. Soc. Linn. 3. p. 66. t. 13. f. 17, 18. T. albus. 59. | scriptus. 'T. testa bi tribus pie lineis fuscis characteri- formibus, apertura subrotunda. Adams in Act. Soc. Linn. 3. p.65. t. 13. f. 11,12. Obs.—* Iste linez li- neis Lichenis scripti omnino similes." — subarcuü-'T. decem anfractibus longitudinaliter costatis, tes- tus. ta ad apicem subarcuata. Color albus. Adams in Act. Soc. Linn. 3. p. 66. t. 13. ^ 27,28. 61. Adamsii. T. sex anfractibus spiraliter striatis, costis remotis, apertura ovali. Adams in Act. Soc. Linn. 3. p. 66. t. 13. f. 31, 32. T. vang $ 62. i divisus. 'P. quatuor áticos levibus et Stratis, apertura subovali. Adams in Act. Soc. Linn. 3. p. 254. 63. ; subrufus. T. testa levi, quinque anfractibus superne sub- angulatis. Adams in det, Soc. Linn. 5. p.31 fi 15519, axed | . VOL. VIII. 2B z 64. retiformis. 186 — Dr. Marox's and Mr. RackeTT's © 64. rn T. tumidus quatuor Go reticulatis, apertura subovali. Walker Test. Min. Rar. f. 31. Halitat in mari, teeta minuta. From Sandwich ; very rare. (Walker.) 65. fuscus, T. quinque anfractibus. striatis, Neu. subovali. Walker Test. Min. Rar. f. 42. Habitat in sylvis, terrestris. Testa minuta, opaca, brunnea, An hujus generis ? From Bysingwood, near Faversham ; very rare. ___ (Watker.) 66. | strigatus. T. tribus anfractibus, primo strigis tribus transver- sis, apertura subovata. Walker Test. Min. Rar. f. 38.. Adams Microsc. t. 14. f. 15. Habitat Testa minuta, opaca, alba, — — | From Maniers E gad wares: Gale ye 67. > carinatu- T. turritus carinatis: pU TER apertura lus. coarctata marginata. Walker Test. Min. TS X: 44. Adams Microsc. 1. 14. f- 18. 3 Habitat a. Testa minuta, opaca, alba. An hujus generis ? rom SAN WONN very rare. (Walker. ) Rioulus, E striatus, quatuor anfractibus, apertura o ovali margina- > ta. albe qi: Mas Beruf Sn Spo s didi: Testa apaga, alba, — 7 From a stream near r Faversham "và rare. (Walker.) 69. Sandvi- Descriptive Catalogue of the British Testacea. — — 187 69. Sandvi- T. tribus anfractibus reticulatis, apertura unidentata. censis. Walker Test. Min. Rar. fr 55... Habitat i Testa pellucida, alba. From Sandwich; exesering] y rare. (Walker. ) HELI X. . Linn. Syst. Nat. n. 328. i * Carinate anfractibus, margine acuto. Lapicida. H. testa carinata, umbilicata; utrinque convexa; aper- tura marginata, transversali, ovata. Linn. Fn. Suec. n.2174. Syst. Nat. p. 1241. n. 616. Linn.Gmel. p. 3613. -Lister Anim. Angl. t. 2. f. 14. —— Conch. t. 69. f. 68. Act. Angl. n. 105. f. 13. | ! aus Petiver Gaz. t. 92 92. f. dei Linn. It. Wzoth. 27. eee Schrot. Erdeonch. t. 2. f. 23... Muller Verm. 2. p. 40. n. 240. . Pennant Brit. Zool. t. 83. f. 121. > Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 55. t. xL. os: e acuta. -.. ^ Ghemn. Conch. 9. t. 196. f. 13M4407. a Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 46. t. 20. f 9. Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 39. p 2. MiA Montagu Test. Brit. p435. | Habitat in sylvis et rupibus, rarior. > = 00 ao | Testa 3. poll. lata, 3 alba. - Color pallidus sen D 'eorbéus, cum diu spirarum transversis ferrugineis. Subpellucida, supra parum convexa, subtus ma- , - gis convexa, subtilissime striata, et oculo armato punctis elevatis scabra. Apex minime prominet; subtus vero umbilicus, foramine tereti majus- culo apertus. Margo spirarum undique acutissimus. Apertura subovata, transversa, levissime dilatata. (Linn. Mus. Lud. Ulr.. pi06). ^0. Found in most parts of the kingdom. ~ | ec o 252 — (7 288. subcari- 188 es Dr. Maton’s and Mr. RACKETT'S zs subeavi- H. testa umbilicata, striata, convexiuscula, anfractibus nata. lineotis 3 elevatis delicatissimis. Walker Test. Min. Rar. f. 22.? Montagu Test. Brit. p HAS t. EXE Ae 9. Habitat in mari, rarior. Testa diametro ad basin +; gne satis crassa, alba, aun Anfractas 8, subtilissime transversim striati, superné lineola. unica elevata delicatis- sima, subtus lineolis duabus, Apertura ovalis. Margo integerrimus, versus anfractum seeundum in angulum acutum decurrens, Umbilicus profundus. Testa Neritis valde affinis. (Montagu.) Found on the coasts of Kent and ji enemies a. x Planorbis.H. testa subcarinata, zai Raat plana, supra concava, t. 5. f.18. apertura oblique ovata, utrinque acuta. Linn. Fauna Suecica, n. 2. Syst. Nat. p. 1242, n. 662. Linn. Gmel. p. 3617. Lister Anim. Angl. t. 2. Í. o7. Conch. t, 138. f. 42. : Act. Angl.. n. 105. t. M DI TET ONT Petiver Gaz. t. 10. fA... amori Gualt. Test. t. 4. f. E.E. Klein Ostr. t. 1. f. 8. — Ka Hill Swammerd. t. 10. f. 5. Muller Verm. 2. p. 160. n. 346.? Planorbis umbilicatus. Pennant Brit. Zool. t. 83. f. 123. Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 63. t. 4. f 10.; §& 48. ^ 8. | Schrot. Flussconch. t. 5. f. 13. cores Favanne Conch. t. 61. f. Bob. © Chemm. Conch. 9. t. 126. f. 1102: a—b. — — ‘Pult. in Hutch. Dorset. p. AG. t. Bef Bugt. 20. f 10. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 4 ( : Habitat in stagnis; frequens. — noc xi Bo Jg e 5 -Testa constat 4 anfractibus RSRS dum animal intra eandem latet opaca, —— e pestem mm fpi: Stric minimae oblique Descriptive Catalogue of the British Testacea. 189 oblique testam striatam reddunt. Apertura ovato-obliqua, utrinque parum acuta. Margo anfractuum. prominet. (e dent 527. n. 2176.) 3.* planata. H. testa carinata, alis phase carina marginali t.5. f.lå media, apertura subovali. Muller Verm. 2. p. 157. n. 344. Planorbis carinatus. Schrot. Flussconch. t. 5. f. 22—25. Born Mus. t. 14. f. 5, 6. Chemn. Conch. 9. t. 127. f. 1121, 1122.? Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. t. 20. f. 18. ' _ Montagu Test. Brit, p.450. —— z — Supplem. t. 25. f. 1. POORT Ir ree een eres OON Sac “Habitat in stagnis et fossis, rarior. Incola flavescens, ao flavis Pa ‘lucidis. (Montagu.) | : Testa diametro 3. poll., forma et magnitudine jeiesiqi, plana, subpellu- cida, glabra, coloris cornei. Anfractus 4 planiusculi ; primus carinatus, sed non limbo circumscriptus, Carina etiam in medio anfractûs, nec ad latus inferius, ut in Helice Planorli, 4. | Vortex. H. testa carinata, supra concava; apert l Linn. Fauna Suec. m 2178. yst . Nat.. p. 1243. n. 667. ~ Linn. Gmel. p 3620. Oe a T Arig A gl. t. 2. f. 98. M Conch. t. 98. fas Act. Angl. n. 105. Ey 25 d ns EM Petiver Gaz. t. 99. f. 6. Gualt. Test. t. à. f. G.G. 4 Muller Verm. 2. p. 158. w SÀX Pennant Brit. Zool. t. 83. f. 194. Da Costa Brit. Conch. p- 65. t. AS ae à a krik; plana. tė 190 UR corned. Petiver Gaz. t. 92. f. 5. Dr. Maton’s and Mr. RACKETT’S Schrót. Flussconch. t. 5. f. 16, 17. Chemn. Conch. 9. t. 127. f. 1127. a. B. Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 47. t. 20. f. 12. Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 75. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 454. Se $25. f. 3. Halitat in fluviis, stagnis, fossis, Mcr Incola fuscus. Testa diametro vix + poll., subpellucida, coloris cornei sub epidermide vi- rescente vel rufescente brunnea., Hæc Hel. Planorle minor, at anfrac- tibus pluribus. Margo teste in illa extra testam is cac at in hac ipse teste angulus est acutus. — Fn. Suec. am 527. T3 * * Rotundatz anfractibus, et umlilicatee. H. testa supra umbilicata, plana, nigricante; anfracti- bus 4 teretibus. - Linn. Fauna Suecica, n. 29179. Syst. Nat. p. 1243. n. 671. Linn, Gmel, p. 3023. Buonanni Recr. t. 3, f. 316. Lister Anim. Angl. t. 2. M w Conch. t. 137. f. 41. Gualt. Test. t. 4. f. D. D. Seb. Mus. 3. t. 39. f. 17. cease D' Argenv. Conch. t. 31. y SEINS HRS o re Lesser's Testaceoth. p- 148. f. $9 & Hill's Soammerd. t. 10. f. 3, 4. Knorr Vergn. 5. t. 22. f. 6. Muller Verm. 2. p. 154. n. 343. Pennant Brit. Zool. t. 83. f. 196. § f. 195. testa j junior. - — Da Costa Brit. Conch. t. 4. f. 13. H. Cornu apes. Schröt. "Flussconch. t. 5. f. 19—21. Chemn. Conch. 9. t. 325. f. 3348—1115. —— ^ Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. ai. ro 13. Descriptive Catalogue of the British Testacea. 191 . Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 39. f. 1. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 448.0 o as Habitat in fluviis, paludibus, et fossis, frequens. - Testa diametro 1 poll., vel major. Teste spira seu anfractus teres est striis longitudinalibus et transversalibus, minutissimis elevatis; tota ferruginea seu pulla, subpellucida, plana utrinque est, nec spira promi- nens, at latere superiore concavo umbilicata, vix autem in inferiore latere. (Linn. Fn. Suec. p. 528.) 6. ; Spirorbis. H.. testa utrinque. concava plana albida, anfractibus quinque teretibus. Linn. Fauna Suecica, n. 2180. Syst. Nat. p. 1244. n. 672.. Linn. Set Ep. ..9624. Martini Berl. Mag. À. p. 258. t. 8. f. 20. 2 — Muller Verm. 2. p. 161. n. 347. Plariotbis Sirois. Schrót. Flussconch. n. 47; § t. 5.f. 18. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 455. ———— Supplem..t. 25. f. 2. — Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset..t. 20. f. 17. Habitat in rivis et stagnis, frequens. Testa diametro 44, poll. Testa pellucida, cornea; anfractibus 5 vel 6, plana, . parum utrinque concava, vix tamen umbilicata; minime marginata. (Linn. Fn. Suec. p. 528.) First distinguished : asa British species, by Mr. Mon- tagu ; COMMODE A GI a Kodocha AE contorta. H. testa subumbilicata plana, utrinque sequali; aper- tura lineari acuta, Linn. Fauna Suecica, n. 2181. - Syst. Nat. p. 1244. n. 673.. Linn, Gmel. p. 3624. "Petteer Gaz. t: 92. f. 8. * Act. Ups. 1736. p. 40; n. 5... Schrot. Flussconch. t. 5. f. 99... Muller Verm. 2. p. 162. n. 348. Da Costa Brit. Conch. p..66. t. À. f..11. H. crassa. . S Chemn.. 192 B. alba. Dr. Maros's and Mr. Rack ETTS Chemn. Conch. 9. t. 127. f. 1126. Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 47. t.20. f. 11. H. um- bilicata. Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 99. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 457. Habitat in rivis et fossis. : Testa magnitudine seminis brassice, raro major, Anfractibus quatuor arctissime sibi invicem obvolutis ; utrinque fere szequalis est testa et utrinque concava, Apertura literam C refert, seu lunam in primo quadrante ; corpus nigrum, corniculis subulatis, longis, cum in aquis versatur, €t e testa prorepit animalculum vivum; videtur testa eminus inspecta, quasi deaurata. (Fn. Suec. p. 528. n. 2181.) Supplem. t. 25. f. 6. First noticed and figured by Petiver. Mr. Donovan, at our suggestion, first gave this species as Helix con- torta of Linnzeus, with whose minute and exact descrip- tion it corresponds in every respect. It may be readily distinguished by its appearance of being gilded, when occupied by the living animal, and viewed in water. -> This is rather a local species. Found in ditches near Lackham, Wilts; in the Isle of Purbeck, near Wareham, and at Charmouth, Dorset, by Mr. Mon- tagu; and plentifully at Spetisbury, Dorset, by the Rev. T. Rackett. H. testa utrinque umbilicata striata; apertura dilatata. - Linn. Gmel. p. 3625. | -Petiver Gaz. t. 92. f. 7. Muller Verm. 3. p.. 164. n. 350. -> uani Walker Test. Min. Rar.f.19. io I< Schrót. Flussconch. t. 5. f. 12. — SERE TT Montagu Test. Brit. p. 459. Supplem. 4. 25. f. 1. Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. t, 9.f.18... - : : Halitat Descriptive Catalogue of the British Testacea. 193 Habitat i in fluviis, fossis et napisi ragna Incola gent; tentaculis albis ; oculisque nigris. Testa diametro i poll., bellucidi, Gorfitk, éd epidetthide brunnea. An- Sractus 4 teretes, striis longitudinalibus subtilissimis manifestis, trans- 9 versis. fontana. H. testa compressa, obtuse carinata, hinc umbilicata; - £ — anfractibus tribus, utrinque convexis; apertura semi- . ovata. | Lightfoot in Act. Angl. 76. t. 2. f. 1—4. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 462. t. 6. f. 6. — Pultener y in Hutch. Dorset. t. 19. Jf 19. _ Habitat in aquis dulcibus. e Testa diametro vix, poll., pellucida, levis, pid, tai cornei. Similis Nautilo lacustri, verum superne minus convexa, et absque concame- rationibus. i r j First noticed by Mr. Agnew, and described by - Lightfoot. Found at Bulstrode, Bucks; near Sand- - wich, Kent, in ditches; near Wareham, Dorset; and danh Bear Wedhampton, Wilts. 10. paludosa, H. testa umbilicata, superne convexiuscula; apertura t 4. f.5. fere orbiculari, marginata ; margine. reflexo; 2 - — Morton. Northampt. p. 417. re wi Ei ee Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 50.” . | Walker. gu Te Min. Rar. Jf 23. "n dons | day CHE pi d: PE OTI Bs rubu sis seu P aepaldlis. Lightfoot in Act. Angl. 16. t.3. f. 1—4. Turbo Helicinus. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 441. H. Crenella. Habitat in paludibus, —À ripis, super folia pude haud in- irqüdie di d. a well l vog - you. yl. —— 2c Testa 194 Dr. Maton’s and Mr. Racketr’s Testa diametro-, poll., alba, levis, anfractibus4 torosis. Umbilicus patulus. Farietas B. anfract. striis, interdum etiam annulis numerosis mietbrina ceis cincti. First noticed by Morton, who found it in bogs in Northamptonshire. Found also by Mr. Agnew, at Dul- strode, Middlesex ; by Mr. Boys, near Sandwich, Kent; after a flood, on the banks of the Avon, Wilts, and in the sand of the Kennet, near Newbury, Berks, by Mr. Montagu; on dry banks, at Spetisbury, Dorset, by the Rev. T. Rackett. Mr. Montagu has remarked, that the variety is seen with every gradation from slight strie to membrana- ceous rings; and we have found the plain and the an- - nulated shells in precisely the same Mibudtious. Al. Ericetorum. H. testa umbilicata, depressa, fascia una: vel pluribus, umbilico ampliato. Linn. Gmel. p. 3632. Lister Anim. Angl. t. 2. f. 13. Conch. t. 18. f. 78. Pennant Brit. Zool. t. 85. f. 192. H. albella. Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 53. t. 4. f. 8. H. Enea. l Muller Verm. 2. p. 33. n: 986. = =x Chemn. Conch. 9. t. 132. f. 1193. a. b. Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 47. t. 20. f. 8. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 431. - Supplem. t. 24. f. 2. Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 151. f. 2. Habitat in ericetis aridis, arenosis, seu cretaceis, frequentissima. Tute poll. lata, + alta, tenuis, subpellucida, levis, alba, subalbida, vel . lutescens, fascia unica flavescente brunnea in partem superiorem an- fractus. primi, et per suturam ad apicem excurrente; interdum fasciis plurimis pallescentibus, interdum tota albida. Spira depressa, fere plana. Umbilicus ampliatus. Anfractus minores conspicui. First figured and described by Lister. -« -12 cingenda, 12. Descriptive Catalogue of the British Testacea. 195 cingenda. H. testa umbilicata, subconvexa, UU obtusiore, aper- L5 f. 6G 13. virgata. tura suborbiculari. Gualt. Test. t. 2. IL Pennant Brit. Zool. 4. t. 85. f. 33. H. zonaria. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 418. Supplem. t. 24. f. 4. Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. t. 18. f. 5. | Habitat ad ora arenosa, supra plantas maritimas, rarissima, Testa $ poll. lata, 4 poll. alta, levis, subopaca, lutescens ; sursum fasciis latis, lineis plurimis piceis interruptis, confertis; subtus fascia unica ciliata. Strie levissime, anfractus transversim et longitudinaliter excavantes, superficiem lineato-punctatam (oculo armato solum ma- nifestam) reddunt. Spira picea ad apicem. Umbilicus minimus. A very local species, found by Mr. Montagu, at Ten- by, in South Wales; and in abundance at St. Ives, in Cornwall, by ourselves. H. testa umbilicata, convexa, alba, fascia fusca ; aper- - tura suborbiculari. Lister Conch. t. 59. f. 56. Petiver Gaz. t. 17. f. 6. Gualt. Test. t. 3. f. Li. Pennant Brit. Zool. t. 85. f. 183. A. Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 19. t. A. f. T. - Schrót. Erdconch. t. 9. f. 22. § 22. a. Linn. Gmel. p. 36, 40. H. media. — Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. AT. t. 90. f. 7. Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 65. -H. zonaria. ; Montagu Test. Brit. p. 415. ———— Supplem. t. 24. f. 1. Habitat in campis arenosis et cretaceis, copiosissima. Testa diametro 4 poll., subopaca, alba, unica fascia fusca ab apertura per suturam anfractuum ad apicem conspicua, subtus lineis plurimis fus- cescentibus vittata. Umbilicus coarctatus, profundus. Labium pur- purascente-rubrum, albo marginatum, Varietas «. subalbida, fascia pallida. 2c2 — — Plentiful R00 — Dr.-Marow's and Mr. RACKETT'S Plentiful on downs, in Kent, Cambridgeshire, Wilts, Dorset, Devon, and Cornwall. This species has been mistaken for H. zonaria ; but will agree neither with Linn:us's character * depressi- uscula, " nor with his references:, : 14. cor pese caperata. H. testa S subcarinata, subdepressa, striata, : apice nigro. | Montagu Test. Brit. p. 430. t. 11..f. 11. . Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. t. 19. f. 20. Habitat in sepibus. Testa ad 4 poll. lata, 4 poll. d subopaca, subalbida ; superne fascia pur- purascente brunnea, interdum albo interrupta; subtus lineis purpuras- centé-brunneis, Anfractus striis densis numerosissimis, quibus facil- lime dignoscitur testa juniore H. virgate. | Labrum tenue. Testa colore variat, interdum brunnea, albo maculata, fascia alba ad ca- rinam; interdum cinerea, absque fasciis, First noticed. by Mr. Doys, who found it in Kent. Mr. Montagu first gave a figure of it. Found by him in Wiltshire and Cornwall ; about Stanborough and Woolcomb, and in the Barrack- Yard of George’s Square, at Plymouth Dock, Devon; and by ourselves at Torquay, in that county ; at Spetisbury, Dorset ; and in the Isle of Portland. 15. rufescens. H. testa umbilicata, subcarinata, Mp subru- gosa, apertura semilunari. Lister Anim. Angl. t. 2. f. 19. ——— Conch. t. 71. f. A. inf. Pennant Brit. Zool. 1, 85. f. 1297... Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 80. t. A. f. 6. Muller Verm. 2. p. 69. n. 258. H. sericea? Linn. Gmel. -p- 3639. H. Turturum; 4 n Pad oe sericea, ? Schrot. Erdconch. | 4 2 kA 2A? Pulteney ‘Montagu Test. Brit. p. 420. : Descriptive Catalogue of the British Testacea.- — 197 Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. P BIE t. 20. fO: — Supplem. t.23. f. 2. Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 157. "n Habitat in hortis, sepibus, nemoribus, frequentissima. Testa diametro 4. poll., tenuis, subdiaphana, rufescens seu spadicea, stris. numerosis, seu rugis fere obliteratis. -dnfractus 4 vel 5, minime pro- minentes ; primus. subcarinatus, carina pallescente. Spira nunc de- pressa, nunc convexior. Labrum marginatum. Umbilicus cylindricus, perforatus usque ad apicem. Testc juniores nonnunquam tomentose. Gmelin has described this species from Lister as Heliv Turturum, but has added erroneous references. Helix sericea of Muller and Gmelin, and H. holosericea of the latter, are also probably the same shell. We 16. Cantiana. 4s in these so frequent. have retained Da Costa’s trivial name “ rufescens,” Which is used by all the English authors. H. testa umbilicata, substriata, subdepressa; apertura suborbiculata. Lister Anim. Angl. p. 196. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 499. ———— Supplem. t. 23. f- 1. Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 157. f. 9. H. pallida. . Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. t. 19. f. 21. Habitat in pratis et sepibus. Testa $ poll. lata, dilute rufescens, interdum superne cæruleata; ; precedenti affinis, magnitudine veró facillime distinguenda, duplo major, tenuior, umbilico minore, obsolete striata, vix. carinata, interdum fascia pallida.. First noticed by Lister, as brought from Kent. l'ound also by Mr. Boys, near Sandwich; at Chelsfield, Kent ;. Ripley, Surrey ; Spetisbury, Dorset; and Alton, Hants, by the Rev. Thomas Rackett. We have not heard of its having been found in any other counties, though it 17. nitens. 198 l^ nitens. uS WE Dr. Marosw's and Mr. Racxrtt’s H. testa umbilicata, depressa, pellucida, fulvo-cornea, substriata ; apertura larga. Linn. Gmel. p. 3633. Petiver Gaz. t. 93. f. 14. Gualt. Test. t. 2. f. G. — Pennant Brit. Zool. n. 194. H. pellucida ? 18. hispida. Muller Verm. p. 32. n. 234. Ström. in Act. Nidros. 3. t. 6. f. 16. Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 47. t. 19. f. 22. H. lucida. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 425. H. lucida. Supplem. t. 23. f. 4. Habitat in sylvis, et muscosis humidis. Jncola niger. Testa diametro usque ad } poll., tenuis, glaberrima, lubrica, nitens, cornei coloris, subtus albescentis. POR striis obliteratis. Umbilicus teres, profundus. ~ H. testa umbilicata, convexa, hispida, diaphana, anfrac- tibus quinis, apertura subrotundo-lunata. Linn. Fauna Suecica, n. 2182. Syst. SR > 1244, n. 675. Linn. Gmel. p. 3625. Petiver Gaz. t. 93. f. 13. = Morton Northampt. p. 416. ? Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 58. t. 5. f. 10. Muller. Verm. 2. p. 73. n. 268, ! Chemn. Conch. 9. t. 122. f. 1057, 1058. Schroter Erdconch. t. 2. f. 21. : Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 47. t. 21. f. 10. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 423. Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 151. Supplem. t. 23. f. 3. Habitat in pratis humectantibus. — — Testa diametro 4 poll., cornei coloris convexa, eU. subtus perforata, pilis raris brevissimis hispida, C ALT. lunari-subrotunda, £n. Suec. p. 528.) E —M -— A Da Costa 19. radiata. Descriptive Catalogue of the British Testacea. 199 Da Costa received it from Wilts, Hants, and Lin- colnshire. Dr. Pulteney says it is common in Dorset- shire, in woods, among ‘moss, and in wet and shady places. We have found it in abundance in wet mea- dows, at Spetisbury, in that county. It has been found also by Mr. Montagu, about Tremough-House, near Penryn, Cornwall; and sparingly in Devonshire and Wiltshire. It is certainly a local species. H. testa umbilicata, subcarinata, subdepressa, dense striata, subtus convexa. = | Lister Conch. t. 1058. TM bend. P -Petiver Gaz. t. 31. f. 5. — Morton Northampt. p. 416.. Gualt. Test. 1. 3. f. Q. Da Costa Brit. Conch, p. 5T. t. A. 4.15, 16. Muller Verm. 2. p. 29. n. 231. H. rotundata. Schrot. Erdconch. t. 2. f. 25. Linn. Gmel. p.3633. H. rotundata. Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 47. t. 20. f. 15, 16. Montagu Test. Brit..p. 432. Supplem. t. 94. f. 3. Habitat in hortis, sepibus, nemorosis, 8 Sino putrescente et saxis. Testa diametro 4 poll., pallide brunnea, fasciis transversis rufis tessulata ;. — $nterdum pallidé cornea, fasciis vix manifestis ; s/riis. numerosis sub- tilissimis circumyoluta. | Spira games apice obtusiore. Umbilicus patulus, teres, profundus. - Gmelin has described a dient. shell as H. radiata ; ours is probably his H. rotundata; but we have retained. the trivial name given to it by Da Costa, in justice to him as the first describer, and hegiuse it so well charac- terizes the species.. 90. umbili- r ZOU 90. Dr. Marox's and Mr. RACKETT's umbilica- H. testa subconica, subpellucida, striata, anfractibus fa. ot. Trochi- formis. quinis teretibus, umbilico ampliore. . Montagu Test. Brit. p. 434. t. 13. f. 2. Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. t. 19. f. 24. Habitat subter saxa et tecta imbricata, Incola niger. Testa diametro 41, poll., fusco-cornea, anfractibus rotundatis, eminentibus, fere disjunctis, subtiliter striatis. Apertura subrotundo-lunata. Labrum tenue. Umbilicus adeo profundus, ut anfractus 1 interne usque ad apicem conspiciendi. Apex obtusior. E: Distinguitar ab H. radiata, quod omnino fusca, magis convexa, an- - fractuum suture evidentiores, et strie vix oculo armato discer- nendz. First discovered and figured by Mr. Montagu, who found it on walls, near Tenby, Caermarthenshire ; un- der loose stones, in Portland ; and on the top of Corfe Castle, Dorset; also under the tiles of Laycock Abbey, and ane Hae) Wilts. H. testa Abiba subconica, lævi; apertura sub- lunata, transversim Compressa.. ‘Montagu Test. Brit. p. 421. t. 11. TF: Ele EE Lister Anim. Angl. p. 123. or = Act. Angl. n, 105. f. 9.? ioe Muller Verm. 2. p.19. n. 216. Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. . 95. Halitat super truncos arborum putrescentes, rarior. ss diametro 4 poll., tenuis, pellucida, cornea, vel rufescens. Anfractus (sex rotundati, leves, glabri, sutura manifesta. Labruni tenue, in se- oribus ad angulum inferiorem paululum reflexum, sub umbilicum - formans, Apex quam maxime roductus. (Montagu.) | Found : án Wiltshire and Devonshire, RP a et pou. c o E Free 22. , Descriptive Catalogue of the British Testacea. 201 spinulosa. H. testa subconica, umbilicata; anfractibus 5 convexis, - annulis membranaceis acutis cinctis, dorso spinuloso- carinatis ; apertura suborbiculari. Lightfoot in Act. Angl. 16. p. 166. t. 2. f. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5. inf. Morton Northampt. p. 415.? Muller Verm. 2. p. 81. n. 279. . Linn. Gmel. p. 3638. H. aculeata. 43, Lacuna. Chemn. Conch. 9. t. 133. f. 1209. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 429. t. 11. f. 10. . Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. t. 19. Í. 23. Habitat in muscosis, terrestris. . Testa diametro +1, poll., tenuis, subpellucids brannea, sub epidermide spi- nulosa. Found by Mr. Agnew, near Bulstrode, Bucks; at Lackham, Wilts, and at Kingsbridge, Devon, by Mr. Montagu; and at Spetisbury, Dorset, by the Rev. 'T. Rackett. H. testa umbilicata, subglobosa; anfractibus ventri- cosioribus, levibus; columella sinuata. Montagu Test. Brit. L^ 428. t. 13; 7 6. Habitat in mari. E x: Tun diametro 4 poll., (entis; cilia; ‘pallida cornea. po 4. 4 | ampla, fere orbicularis. Zalrum tenuissimum. Columella g producta, desinente i in a umbilicum profundum. . Spira fere nulla, Mucro obtusissimus. Testa Helici ampullacee (Linn.) valde affinis, Pane rarior, fasciis duabus rufescente-brunneis. Y. 7l'his new and curious species was discovered by Mr. Montagu, in abundance, near Southampton; and spa- — - tingly on the Devonshire coast. 94. Poma tia. H. testa dinbiledts, subovata, Pb tusa, decolore ; aper- tura subrotundo-lunata. Linn. Fauna Suecica, n. 2183. Syst. Nat. p. 1244. n. 677. Linn. Ce: p. 3627. VOL. VIIL 2 p | Gesner Dr. Marów's and Mr. RAckETT's- Gesner Aqu. p. 355. Aldrov. Exang. 389. Lister Anim. Angl. t. 2. f. L. Act.. Angl. n. 105. f. 1. Gualt. Test. t. 1. JE Ax D’ Argenv. Conch. t. 28. f. 1. - Geve Conch. t. 29. f.. 339, 340 Hill's Swammerd, t. 4. f. 2. > Schrot. Erdconch. t. Y. f. 10.. Muller Verm..2. p. 43. n. 243. Pennant Brit. Zool. t. 84. f. 198. Da Costa. Brit. Conch. p. 67. t. À.. f. 14s. Chemn. Conch. 9. t. 128. f. 1138. Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 47..t. 20. fi. 14. Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 84. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 405.. - Conch..t. 48. f. 46. .. Halitat in-nemoribus et. sepibus. Testa diametro 2 poll;, subglobosa, sped alba, fasciis tribus vel plirimis.. rubiginosis. Spira subconica. Unlilicus exiguus. Said to have been introduced by Mr. Howard. into A Surrey, where it is now common, near. Darking, Ashted, Chipstead, Meastham, Boxhill, and. Leather-. bead. It has been found also in Oxfordshire, , Kent. Wilts, Gloncestershite, and Jusetilüe- B. testa. subumbilicata; convexa, acuminata ; apertura. 'Suborbiculari, bimarginata, antice. elongata. Linn. . -~ Fauna Suecica, n. 218. dare Nat. p.. 1245. n.. .680.. Linn. Gmel. p. 3630. Lister Anim. Angl. T A. — Conch. 156 f. 8. Act. Angl.. n. 105. ih de : G eve. Descriptive Pula of the British Testacea. 203. Geve Conch. t. 30. f- 354—356. Seb. Mus. 3. 1. 88. f. 68... S Pennant Brit. Zool, 4. t. 85. f. 130. | Da Costa Brit. Conch. pPu»k d Chemn. Conch. 9. t. 133. f. 1909. Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 47. t. 2. f. 6. Donovan Brit, Shells, t. 136. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 413. Habitat in sylvis et sepibus. Incola niger. Testa diametro vix 3 poll., convexiuscula. Color pallide- seu fulvo-casta- neus, punctis oblongis. fuscis marmorata, fascia solitaria fusca per me- dium anfractus ; intus castaneus. Labium album, reflexum. Umbilicus utplurimum vix conspicuus, A local species, found in Surrey, fade Wilt- shire, and Dorsetshire; but not common. We have found it in abundance in Derbyshire. ~ We are unable to add to the brief descriptions of the following six species in the Testacea Minuta Rariora. 26. resupina- H. apertura ampla, ovali ; anfractibus apicis resupinatis. ta. Walker Test. Min. Rar. t. 1. f. 24. : x Testa minuta, cornea, semipellucida, glabra. "From: sd: very, rare. | 2 us H. globosa, eei a 6 ronki Pie artus subro- tunda. “Walker Test. Min. Ray; t. 1. f. 25. Testa minuta, alba, opaca, glabra. (rom Sandwich; not common. 28. reticulata. H. unici. ainfrsicinsy: subumbilicata ; apertura rotunda, - marginata, eleganter reticulata. " alles Test. Min. Rar. t. 1. f- 26. LAM . 2p2 | Adams ~ 204 Dr. Maton’s and Mr. Rackert’s Adams Microsc. t. 14. f. 13. Testa minuta, alba, pellucida. From Reculver; extremely rare. 29. | unispira- H. utrinque umbilicata, apertura rotunda, unici an- lis. fractus. Walker Test. Min. cuf È T: i 2T. Testa minuta, alba, opaca, glabra. From Sandwich; not common. 30. striata. H. striata, apertura subovali, anftactibiis supra dorsa- libus. Walker Test. Min. Rar. t. 1. f. 29. Adams Micr. t. 14. f. 13. Testa minuta, viridescente-alba, pellucida. From Sandwich ; very rare. 3E EA coarctata. H. anfractibus duobus ; apertura sibrótifida, ad um- bilicum coarctata. Walker Test. Min. Rar. t. 1. f-30. Testa alba pellucida. An Testa junior? From Sandwich ; not common. The following five species a are d from Mr. CERES s spe- cific characters of minute shells s found. on the coast of Pembrokeshire. 32. e tubulata. H. tribus anfractibus longitudinaliter striatis. Adams in Act. Soc. Linn. 3. p. 67. t.13. f. 35, 36. Obs.—* Singularis hac in specie ést constructio, nam testa umbilici loco, tubo marginato qui extra teste ospericiem extenditur instructa est. bs | : variegata. H. testa levi, quatuor metus NE eeniricosiore, | lineis rubris notatis. Adams in Act. Soc. Linn. 3. p. 67. Obs.—« Basi im ea e aege meng apertura margine patentissima.” 5 34. fasciata. 34. fasciata. 35. Descriptive Catalogue of the British Testacea. 205 H. testa. lev tribus anfractibus Dime: ventricosiore, subumbilicata, apertura ampliata. Adams in Act. Soc. Linn. 5. t. 1. f. 20, 21. Obs.—“ Testa tenuis pellucida alba, anfractus primus fasciis tribus purpureis, media lata, lateralibus angustis." ‘nitidissi- H. testa duobus anfractibus subtilissime transverse ma. 36. bicolor. 37. vivipara. striata. Adams in Act. Soc. Linn. 5. t. 1. f. 22—24. Obs.—** Testa cornea pellucida umbilicata, eximio nitore facillime distinguenda." H. testa MW. debus anfractibus vix umbilicata. Adams in Act. Soc. Linn. 5. t. 1. f. 25, 26, 27. | Obs.—* Hec species differt a praecedente cui affinis, quod levis, neque glabra, et intus alba.” **** Rotundate imperforate. H. testa imperforata, subovata, obtusa, cornea, cingulis fuscatis; apertura suborbiculari. Linn. Fauna Suec. . 1.2185. Syst. Nat. p.1247. n. 690. Linn. Gmel. p. 3646. Lister Anim. Angl.t.2.f. 18. - Conch. t. 126. d: 96.; & t. 1055. f 6. Act. Angl. n. 105. f. 17. | pion Gaz. t. 99. f. 16. Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 81. t. 6. f. 2. . ; ofi Seb. Mus. 3. t. 38. f. 12.; $5 dni Gualt. Test. t. 5. f. A. TT Ginann. Op. Post. t. 1. n 6, 1. TT Hill's Swammerd. t. 8. f. 5—13. Knorr Vergn. 5. t. 11. f. À. , ! Pennant Brit. Zool. t. 84. bf 132. ; g t. &5i de or: Testa junior? Schrot. 38. Di Wobei and Mr. RAckeTT's ‘Schrét. Flussconch. t. 8. f. 1, 2.; & t. Min. C. f. 6. ‘Chemn. Conch. 9. t. 132. f. 1182, 1183. Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 48. t. 17. fo Le bid. H. compactilis. Donovan Brit. Shells, t. BT. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 386. Habitat in rivis et lacubus. “Testa ad 1} poll. longa, A poll. lata, pdituctla;® tenera, ex luteo olivacea, subtilissime striata. Anfractus teretes, linea triplici livida. Spira ob- tusa, Apertura ovata, operculo membranaceo. Plentiful in tlie Thames, and streams communicating - with that river. Found also in the Stour, Dorset. nemoralis. H. testa imperforata, subrotunda, levi, diaphana, fasci- ` ata; apertura subrotundo-lunata.. Linn. Fauna Suec. n. 2186. Syst. Nat. p. 1247. n. 691. Linn. Gmel. p. 3647. B- . Da Cost . Citrina, incarnata seu spadicea, labis fuscis. Lister Conch. t. 57. f. 54. superior. - Petiver Gaz. t. 91. $ 9—1.; $ t 92. gd 10. | Gualt. Test. t. 1. f. Q. sin. Geve Conch. t. 32. f. 398, 399.; 4 t. 33. f. 496. Da Costa Brit. Conch. t. 5. f. 1, 2, 8. Citrina, virescénte lutea, : seu incarnata, fascia unica fusca, labris fuscis. Petiver Gaz. t. 91. f. 10. 12. Seb. Mus. 3. t. 39. f. 13. § 18. Geve Conch. t. 32. f. 402 Schrot. Erdconch. Ra. F 21. sta Brit. Conch. t. 5. An 3. Chemn. Cone, 9. È 133, f. 1198. Nes Donovan Brit. Shells, a 15. f. = & qal = y Citrina, Xo. à Montagu Test. Brit. p. 412.. H. hortensis. - Descriptive Catalogue of the British Testacea. 207 Citrina, virescente-lutea, seu incarnata, fasciis plurimis. fuscis, nunc SES: nunc nos, labris füscis... 0 Lister Conch. t. 57. f 54. d aor inferiores. Petiver Gaz. t. 92. f. 9. Seb. Mus. 3. t. 39. f..12. Gualt- Testi GC £T Geve Conch. t. 32. f. 393—891. 4 f- 406—411. ; 4- t, 33.: fi 419—490. Hill's Swammerd. p. 70. t. 8. AS Schröt. Erdconch. t. 1. f. 14—17. & f. 29, 30.. Muller Verm. 2. p. 46. n. 246. Da Costa Brit. Conch. t..5. f. 4, 5—14, 15.. Born Mus. t. 16. f. 3—8.. Favanne Conch. t. 63. H.. Chemn. Conch. 9. t. 183. f. 1196-7. Donovan Brit. Shells, t..13..fig. tres inf.. Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 48. t. 21.. Montagu Test. Brit..p..411.. Structura coloribusque variis omnino eadem. cum præ--- cedentibus. sed. minor, et labro constanter incrassato: albo. - | | Lister Anim. TE p.. 117. n. A | Gualt. Test. t. 1. f. Q. dextr. |. Geve Conch, t..31. f Schrét. Erdconch. t. 2. E 27.. | Muller Verm. p. 52. n. 147. H..hortensis.. Born Mus. p. 385..t. 16. f. 18, 19. . H. hortensis.. Chemn. Conch, 9. t. 133. f. 1199—1201.. Linn. Gmel. p. $649. H. hortensis. Habitat: 39. hortensis. Lister Anim. Angl. t. 2. f. 2. ‘Dr. Marow's and Mr. Rack ETT's - Habitat in sepimentis, et nemoribus, frequentissima. Testa diametro 1 poll., subrotunda, substriata. . Spira convexa, ‘obtusa. Apertura latior quam longa. Umbilicus nullus. H. testa imperforata, subglobosa, lutea; fasciis duatdot spadiceis, maculis albis ROBES labro candido. “Linn. Gmel. p. 3631. H. MESE | E t. 49. f. AT. ^ Act. Angl. n. 105. f. 5. Oe. Conch. t. 98. f. 11. Knorr Vergn: 4. t. 27. f. 3 Geve Conch. t. 30. f. 844. Martin Berl. Mag. 2. t. 2. f. 1T. ' Muller Verm. 2. p. 59: n. 253. | Pennant Brit. Zool. t. 8&. f. 199. -— — — Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 12. t. À. f 1. ,Cochlea vulgaris. _ Facanne Conch. t. 63. f. D. 2, 9, 4... — | Pulteney i in Hutch. Dorset. p. 48. t. 20. f. 1. H. lucorum. 8 — Test. Brit. 2 Aor: = eres: Habitat in borde septima et eden passim. - 3543 e Testa diametro ad 14 poll., alba, vel lutea, fasciis 4 spadiceis interruptis,. tertia latissima, punctis minimis impressis rugosula. Anfractus 4, - plicis obliteratis. Spira subconica, obtusior. Labium interne dilatatum, marginatum, candidum. Columella candida. This species was with propriety named H. hortensis, = by Pennant, as it is our common garden snail. We have .. therefore retained his trivial name in preference toGme- . - lin's aspersa. H. hortensis of Gmelin appears to us to be ariety of. H. nemoralis, asi asit differs only in having thickened margin, : and i is found of all the co- Jours. that e | zh. x E A radi EC c Md Catalogue of the ~e Testacea. 209 40. - fusca. it testa leevi, diaphana, apertura lunari, umbilico nul- lo. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 424. t. 13. f. 1. Habitat in nemoribus. — Testa 4 poll. lata, vix 4 poll. alta, rufescente-cornea. Anfractus 5 vel 6, rugis levissimis. Labrum tenue, paululum reflexum ad angulum in- - feriorem. | Testa facie H. rufescentis, sed magis diaphana, minus rugosa, et umbilico nullo. (Montagu.) Found by Mr. Boys at Sandwich, and by Mr. Mon- tagu in Devonshire. Z1 4 gru ge Turrite. elegantis- H. testa subulato-turrita, anfractibus oblique sulcatis. sima. Walker Test. Min. Rar. f. 39. . Montagu Test. Brit. p. 298. t. 10. f. 2. Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 179. f. 1. Turbo acutus. Habitat in mari. Testa ad 1 poll. longa, sub epidermide brunnea, alba, semipellucida, gla- berrima, -Anfractus 9—13, sulcis obliquis regularibus zquidistan- tibus; sutura manifesta. Spira acutissima. First noticed by Mr. Boys, at Sandwich. Not un- common in sand, from Falmouth Harbour, Salcomb Bay, and Ilfracomb. (Mr. Montagu.) This species is allied to the acuminated Turbines, but from its aperture must be arranged, like the species which. follow, among the Helices. 42, decussata. H. testa subulato-turrita, decussata, apertura utrinque Ea ^ E Montagu Test. Brit. p 399. t. 15. f. 7. Habitat in mari. Testa y poll. longa, +1; lata, alba, oculo armato decussata; Anfractus 8— 9, parum eminentes, striis longitudinalibus fortioribus regularibus, transversis minutissimis, Apertura suboyalis, utrinque angustata. VOL, VIII, 2E TEFA Labrum 210 Dr. Marton’s and Mr. RAcKETT'S Labrum paululum incrassatum. Labium leviter replicatum. Sutura tenuissima. | ' Testa forma Helicis polite, sed apertura magis obliqua. (Montagu.) An elegant and new species, discovered by the late Mr. Bryer, at Weymouth. 43. subulata. H. testa subulato-turrita, mdp testaceo-fasciata, apertura ovata. Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 117. Strombiformis glaber. Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 172. ie Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. t. 19. f. 14. Testa 3. poll. longa, tenuis, subdiaphana, pallidé carnaria, lineis albis et | testaceis, vel brunneis, spiralibus. Anfractus plani. Apex acutissimus, First noticed by Da Costa, from Exmouth, in De- vonshire. Mx Donovan received it from Weymouth. polita. H. testa turrita, DO BAHOR US glabertena; apertura ova- ta. Linn. Syst. Nat. p. 1241. n, 653. Linn. Gmel. p. 3612. Turbo politus, "S Borlase Cornu. p. 277. - Soin kae Pennant Brit. Zool. t. 19. fig. sup cas. Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 116. "reser ER ibus Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 49. t. 19. f. 15. Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 177. Turbo albus. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 398. Habitat in mari, rarior. Testa grani hordei magnitudine, albissima, opaca, nitidissima, anfractibus. linea excavata tenui interstinctis, (Linn.) First noticed by Borlase ; found on the Western canik 45. bifasciata, H. testa oo tas turrita, oblonga, rudi anfrac- tibus teretiusculis, apertura ovata, | | Lister eo t -p IR d Pennant * Descriptive Catalogue of the British Testacea. 211 Pennent Brit. Zool. 4. t. 82. f. 119. Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 90. | Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 49. 1.18. f 10. Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 18. f. 1. T. fasciatus. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 346. Supplem. t. 22. DE 1. Halitat in arenosis, supra plantas maritimas. Testa ad 1 poll. longa, alba. Anfractus fascia fusca interrupta ; TEA fascia duplici, | First figured and described by Lister, who had it from Wales. 'This is a very local species, although found in great profusion on many parts of the Western coast; viz. near Whitsand Bay, Cornwall; at Bigberry Bay, Devon; and at Lullworth Cove, Dicet. AG. octona. H. testa subperforata, turrita, hafai 8, apertura t. 5. f. 10. subrotunda. Linn. pts Nat. p. 1248. n. 698. Linn. - Gmel. p. 3653. Chemn. Conch. 9. t. 196. f. 1264. Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 49. t. 18. f. 5. Habitat in subpaludosis. Testa magnitudine grani secalis, cornea. Umbilicus adeo obsoleté perfora- tus, ut vix constet utrum vere perforatus dicendus. Apertura fere or- biculata, (Linn.) : We insert this species ‘solely on Dr. ‘Pulteney’ s au- thority. He says, “ I have only found it dead, and in a bleached state, but otherwise perfect.” T AT. octanfrac- H.. testa. imperforata,. turrita, substriata, anfractibus 8, ta. apertura ovata.. Pennant Brit. Zool. &. t. 86. f. 135. H. octona. Montagu Test. Brit. t. 11. f. 8. Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. t. 18. f. 11. Habitat in aquis stagnantibus, rarissima. - Testa 5 poll. longa, 4 lata, sub epidermide WES o An- 2E2 Jractus 212 - Dr. Maton’s and Mr. RACKETT’S fractus planiusculi, gequabiliter decrescentes; linea tenui discreti, Spira acuta. This is either a rare, or very local species. It is pro- bably the shell figured by Pennant for H. octona. Mr. Montagu has found it between Looe and Fowey, in Corn- wall. We have procured it from a gravel-pit between Litchet and Lower Litchet, Dorset ; and it is said to inhabit a pond at Nine Elms, near Vauxhall, DUN: 48. Lackham-M. testa subperforata, ETRA T apertura ensis. subrotundo-lunata, margine reflexo. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 394. t. 11. f. 3. Habitat in nemoribus humectantibus. Incola pallidus. Testa 4 poll. longa, + lata, sordide brunnea, cornea vel cinerascens, sub- pellucida, paululum inflata, leviter rugosa. H. obscure affinis, sed duplo major, neque tam opaca. Apertur@ margo exterius magis reflexus. This rare species was discovered by Mr. Montagu ; and found only in woods, at Lackham, and Bow-Wood, T 49. , obscura. H. testa subperforata, ovato-oblongiuscula, impura, an- £&5f.1l. fractibus 5—7, subrugosis, apertura. subrotundo-lu- nata, labro candido. Linn. Gmel. p. 3661. n. 141. Muller Verm. 2. p. 103. n. 302. Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 90. Turbo Rupium ? Walker Test. Min. Rar. f. 41. _Favanne Conch. t. 65. f. F. _ Montagu Test. Brit. p. 391. E sene: 22. f. 5. Pulteney in | Hutch. Dorset. p tim t. a S z. H. stag- is Habitat i in iiis, ape eh et fraxini is Siit in dios aridis. Testa B — sy pingan + lata, opaca, fusca, ventricosa. Anfractus tund iv helene Seas mn is een Found Descriptive Catalogue of the British Testaceu. 213 * Found by Mr. Boys at Faversham; by Mr. Montagu in a moist wood, at Lackham, Wilts, on dry banks, in Devonshire, and. under stones, on the highest part of Portland Island ; rand by the Rey. Thomas Rackett in wits banks, at Spetisbury, Dorset. + DOs du H. testa imperforata, subturrita, anfractibus. 5 vel 6, 5.f.12. parum convexis. Lister Anim. Angl. t. 2. f. T. Petiver Gaz. t. 30. f. T. Schrot. Erdconch. t. 1. f. 9. — — Muller Verm. 2. p. 104. n. 303. —— Pennant Brit. Zool. 4. t. 82. "^ 18. Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 87. t. 5. FA 18. Linn. Gmel. p. 3661. Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. t. 21. f. 18. _. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 390. Mcd. t. 29. f. 6. Halitat in dumetis humidis, sub ligno putrescente. —Incola niger, tenta- culis 4 clavatis, Testa 4 poll. longa, +; lata, pellucida, levis, glaberrima, nitidissima, fulvo flavescens vel cornea. Apex obtusior. Sutura apparet linea duplex. Labrum crassiusculum PHP pee cen cro a Apertura ovata. Umbilicus nullus. - First described as British by Da Costic hd, with Dr. Pulteney, conceived it to be H. stagnorum of Linnæus, i. 697; but it does not sufficiently answer to his charac- ter rof E Bathe FOE. "to Pateri 8. figure, Op. Subs. 5i. | - vitrea. H. testi sbeylihidtica, anfractibus 4 rotundatis ; aper- tura subovali, versus apicem coarctata. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 321. t. 12. f. 3. Testa + poll. longa, tenuis, pellucida, glabra, alba. Sutura profunda. Apex obtusior. Columella manifesta usque ad apicem. -_— Distinguitur 214 - Dr. Maton’s and Mr. RAcKETT'S Distinguitur a varietate alba T. rubri, quod magis acuminata, vel subcy- lindrica. Anfractus validiores, et magis obliqui. Differt a T. striato quod levis, nec apertura marginata. ( Montagu.) Found by Mr. Montagu, sparingly, at Whitsand Bay, Cornwall. : Punctura.H. testa conica, anfractibus 6 globosis, reticulatis, apertura suborbiculari. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 320. t. 12, f. 5. Turbo Poigtuta, = Habitat in mari, rarissima. SA ee Testa 25 poll. longa, 3h iub f: N Anfractus ope microscopii - ^ videntur punctati, et decussati striis delicatissimis. A new and elegant species, discovered by Mr. Mon- tagu, at Whitsand Bay, in Cornwall; and in sand from Salcomb Bay, Devon. 53. arenaria. H. testa conica, unfractibus 5 rotonda! decussatis. Walker Test. Min. Rar. f. 52.? Adams in Act. Soc. Linn. 3. p. 66. t. 13. f. 33, 34. ? - Montagu Test. Brit. p. 322. t. 12, f. 4. T. decussatus. Habitat in mari, rarissima ——— Testa vix } poll. longa, 1 Vix y lata, subpellucida, glabra, alba. Anfractus striis longitudinalibus. elevatis, et Kapayersis delicatissimis decussati. Apex vix acutus, Labrum tenue. ; Testa magis cylindrica, striis longitudinalibus solidioribus, et apertura ma- . gis ovali quam H, Punctura. « (Montagu.) Found by Mr. Montagu, i in sand, from Salcomb Bay, DEVON, =F 54, — HEE Ovate imperforate. acu H. testa imperforata, ovato-subulata, subangulata, — apertura ovata, Linn. Fauna Suecica, n. 2188. Syst. .. Nat. p. 1249. n. 103. m Gmel. p. 3 "Aide. Tes, 5. Pm. s Diis. xvni l2. f. 2. — Codd. 183. f 21.: Petiver 55. fragilis. I Descriptive Catalogue of the British Testacea, NS Petiver Mus. 82. n. 85. s — Swammerd. Bibl. Nat. t. 9 frd ecrit s Gualt. Test. t. 5f: La © Oak D' Argen. Conch. t. 27. nfi i by s M E TOW M Seb. Mus. 3. t. 39. f. 52—53. E. Ginann. Op. Post. t. 1. f. A. D. C. Muller Verm. 2. p. 132. . 327. Pennant Brit. Zool. t. 86. f. 106. Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 93. t. 5. f. 1. Schrot. Flussconch. t. 7. f. 1—3. t. 11—1min. C. f. 1. Born Mus. 1.16, 16... sii | Favanne Conch. t. 61. E 16. 4 293. Chemn. Conch. Q. E153 f. 1231, 1288. n Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 48. t. 21. f 1. Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 51. f. 2. —.— Montagu Test. Brit. p. 361. t. 16. y: 8. Halitat in fluviis, fossis, stagnis, et paludibus, passim. Testa: ad 2 poll. longa, 1 poll. lata, tenera, fragilis, pellucida, omni pictura caret, sed colore variat, aliis fere atra, aliis cinerea, aliis albida, aliis subgrisea. Striæ minutissime, anfractuum transverse, seu teste longi- tüdtoalés, vix oculis nudis conspicue. Anfractus 6 vel 7, primus turgidus, reliquis simul sumtis sequalis. Spira. acutissima, Apertura ampla, | labro pend. non page. H. testa impeHfórkit: *ovato-pubulate, ud Paci, apertura ovato-oblonga. Linn. Fauna Suecica, n. 218T. Syst. Nat. p. 1949. n. 104, Linn. Gne p. 3658. Act. Ups. 1736. p. 41. n. 24. . Martin. Berl. Mag. 4. t. 9. f. 35. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 369. t. 16. 2 f Habitat in aquis dulcibus. Testa pellucida, longa, sed tam tenera ut vix tactum ferat. m Faun, T Sue.p.530.) ^ E : : H. fragilis: appears. to differ but little from H. dág- nalis, 216 - Dr, Maton’s and Mr, RackzTT's nalis. The shell figured in Test. Brit. t. 16. f. 7. is cer- tainly * more slender, and the volutions are more dia- phanous and turn more oblique" than H, stagnalis ; it is therefore probably the shell which Linnzus has de- scribed; but a question may arise, whether it ought to be considered as a distinct species. - We have not quoted the whole of the description given by Linnæus in the Fauna Suecica, on account of his comparing this. species, from. a Ango ei cren- cy, with H. nemoralis. — Found by Mr. Montagu in the canal between Chip- penham and Laycock, Wilts, 56. | palustris. H. testa oblonga, anfractibus paululum rotundatis, t. 5.f.8. apertura ovata. | Lister Anim. Angl. t. 2. f. 22, Gualt. Test. t. 5. ene nee cd E | Seb. Mus. 3. t. 39. f. 39, 40. = s | pee Ginann. Op. Post. td. f. as E SIG Muller Verm. 2. p. 131. m. 326. Pennant Brit. Zool. À. t. 86. Y 136.B. Schrot. Flussconch. t. 7. f. 9, 10. Favanne Conch. t. 61. Í- F22. Linn. Gmel. p. 3658. - -~ Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 48. t. 18. Tf 18. ies Test. Brit. p. 373. t. 16. f. 10: . Donovan Brit. Shells, t. IE. 1. Ede & f. 2. Conch. t. 124. f. 24. . | H.fontinalis. —— à Habitat io fosss eria, Testa ad 1 poll. longa, 4] tw Color griseus, sub cpidermide fusca, i in a ju- nioribus brunneus, Striis subtilissimis confertis, i i S — bus, exarata. H. stagnali affinis, sed minor, minus fragi "lis, nec apice subulata, Descriptive Catalogue of the British Testacea. 217 _ subulata, nec basi ventricosa. toris minus dilatata, Intus purpu- 4n doe qus vel; hiii unneus. Z4ncoía cinereu .slbido punctatus. fossaria. H. testa imperforata, . pee oe anfractibus 5 vel 6, t 5.f-9. rotundatis ; sutura conspicua ; apertura ovata. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 372. t. 16. f. 9. —— Habitat in fossis et aquis stagnantibus supra limum, haud infrequens. Testa $ poll. longa, plusquam 4 lata, tenuis, pellucida, nec transverse ru- gosa, cornei coloris; H. palustri quam maxime affinis, sed vix un- quam cum illa reperta, duplo minor, ac utplurimum magis attenuata. Anfractus m totsiiiii Sutura evidentior. 2c: xam minus ob- aiia This species app ios shane: kabui -atinguished by Mr. Montagu. He has found it in many parts of the kingdom. | 7 58. - B Hio te : detrita. H. testa conica, alba, lineis transversis rufis; apertura ^5... ovata. Linn. Gmel. p. 3660. n. 139. Schroter Erdconch. t. 1. f. 1. Tavanne Conch. t. 65. f. A. 5. Chemn. Conch. 9. t. 134. f. 1224.1,2. 2 Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 49. t. 19. .f. 26; Montagu Test. Brit. p. 384. t. us - y . Habitat in stagnis et rivis? rarissima. — ` Testa 4 poll. longa, 3 lata, glabra, poli ta, édipellucids, Miis, vel pallide cornea, strigis obsoletis, in quibusdam obliteratis. Anfractus 6 minus _ prominentes. : Apertura. ovata. eee aliquantulum reflexum, i in subui Apex obtusior. Found only by Mr. ce in a stream, near Upway, in Dorsetshire. __ Dr. Pulteney, who described Aar species in his Dor- _ setshire Catalogue, doubts whether it be really Helix osos detrita of Gmelin and Muller. All the specimens are 5 voL. HI. 2r destitute 218 Succinea. Dr. Maton’s and Mr. RAckETT'S destitute of bands. Chemnitz’s figure represents the shell, but is cited by Gmelin for Heliz acuta, perhaps a variety of H. detrita; see Pulteney’s Catalogue, p. 49. et Montagu Test. Brit. p. 385. : - This shell has been freq uently sought for, (but with- out success) in the place whe: the oe a: EU pro- cured it. — — H. testa oblonga, fulva, diaphana, anfractibus 3; apertura ovata. Muller Verm. 2. p. 97. n. 296. Hill's Swammerd. p. 69. t. 8. f. 4. Gualt. Test. t. 5. f. H. Schrót. Erdconch. t. 1. f. 2. | Chemn. Conch. 9. t. 135. f. 1248. : Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 48. t. 18. f. 19. H. inten. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 316. t. 16. J. å. (bene.) H. putris. Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 168. "a 1. H. putris. Mey a pratis kons supra plantas riparias, Incola flavescens, mo cinereis, tentaculis quatuor. © Testa 3. poll. longa, vix } lata, szepius minor, oblonga, gulis, pellucidissi- ma, membranacea, fragilissima, colore succini flavi. -Anfractus primus maximus, elongatus, minimé ventricosus. _4pertura plusquam dimidiam testam longitudine equans. Labrum tenuissimum. Spira productior. Apex acutus. Dr. Pulteney first distinguished his species as dif- ES . ferent from H. putris. It does not agree better yin the description of H. limosa, “anfractibus quinque." SMS I trivial name of suc- We have therefore retained Muller's. . inea, who has well defined the shell, and described its posing this species to included animal. Gmelin has followed Muller in sup- be the H. putris of Linnzeus, 2nd £x has Descriptive Catalogue of the British Testacea. 219 | has retained Linnzeus’s references to Lister, &c. which do not represent our shell, together with that to Chemnitz, which figures it exactly. ^ He has also adopted Muller's description of the animal, which has 4 tentacula. This would serve to determine the species, but Linnzus has no where noticed the circumstance, and describes H. putris as “ obtusa;" and * mucrone obtusiusculo," cha- racters which do not belong to H. succinea. putris. H. ipa imperforata, ovata, obtusa, flava; apertura ova- Linn. Fauna Suecica, n. 2189. aka Nat. p. 1249. n 105 Linn. Gmel. pP 3659. . Eius Tulp. Obs. 210. p. ». 195. t. 201. Lister Anim. Angl. t. 2. f. 24. Conch t. 125. J. 23. | 3 Act. Angl. n. 105. f. 18. oo Kins Ostr. t. 3. f. 10. Pennant Brit. Zool. t. 86. f. 137. | Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 92. t. 5. f. 13. T. trianfractus. Schrot. Flussconch. t. 6. f 3. d 6.; t. T: A 12. ; f t. min. ia Montage Test. Brit.. z 373. t. 16. es 3. CH peregra. — ‘Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. t. 21. f. 13.; 4 t. 19. f. 30. . Habitat, vulgatissima, in stagnis, fossis, fluviis. Incola subalbidus. — . - Testa. ad 1 poll. longa, $ lata, tenera, pellucid , strigis minutissimis pa- rallelis obliquis, flavescens, seu cornea, utplurimum. sub epidermide — fusca. Anfractus 4, mucrone obtusiusculo. Apertura ampla, mar- TI “gine tenui, nec dilatato. t. 5. f8 8. Varietas labro incrassato, albo. 7 | ` The variety is found in a pond pem Whitchurch and Milbourne, Dorset. 3 FS 361. tentacu- 61. j Bas een -— Ee wA os | D Marox's and Mr. Racxert’s tatica testa s ripeti ovata, dote; impura; apertura te. 62. subovata. Linn. Fauna Suecica, n. 2191. Syst. Nat. p. 1249. n. 707. Linn. Gmel. p. 3662. | Lister Anim. Angl. t. 2. f. 19. pcd. t. 132. f. 32. ` — Act. Angl. n. 102. f. Ti SODIUM | Petiver Gaz. t. 18. f. 8. - Gualt. Test. t. 5. f. B. Muller Verm. 2. p. 185. n. 312. Nerita 1 Jaculator | Pennant Brit. Zool. t. 86. f. 140. Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 91. t. 5. f. 12. Turbo Nucleus. Schrot. Flussconch. t. T. f. 19—22. Walker Test. Min. Rar. f. 33. pullus. Chemn. Conch. 9. t. 135. f. 1945. Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 49. t. 21. £a 12. Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 93. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 389. Habitat in rivis, stagnis, et paludibus, frequens. _ | Testa 4 poll. lige, hos ondas ibo, set coria, diio, gb An- fractus 4 vel 5, teretes. -Spira oblongiuscula, 4 NEP. Aper- tura fere orbicularis, operculo clausa. - $ z = ex One of the most common of our British cele watir species canalis. Hg. testa conica, anfractibus 5 rotundatis kevibus, co- Distingui lumella canaliculata. Montagu Test, Brit. p. 309. E A2. f. 1. | Hole io snes. : oere Ta Testa i poll. longa, 1 lata, pellucida, cornea, 4 4 "m primus magnus. Apex acutus. Apertura suborbicularis, subangulata. 1 rab Helice tentaculata, et apertura, et columella canaliculata. REN rarior, fasciis 2 brunneis, : First aihicidi Hi testi ial e ria. iptive Catalogue of the British Testacea. 221 Bites noticed and yess be Me teal plenti- ta, ovata, obtusa; spira acuta, bre- vissima ; apertura ampliata. Linn. Fauna Suecica, n. 2192. Syst. Nat. p. 1250. n. 108. - ien. Gmel. ^ p. 3662. Lister Anim. Angl. t. 2. f. 23. peepi t 193. f. 22. Ginann. Op. Post. t. 1. f. 3. Gualt. Test. t. 5. f. F. . D’Argenv. Conch. t $1. f T Geoffr. Test. 3i Lai a . Muller Verm. 2. p. e. e 392. 5 (on : an d Murray in Aman. Acad. 8. t. 1. f : ANS Pennant Brit. Zool. t. 86. f. 3388... = Da Costa Brit. Conch, p. 95. t. 5. f. AT. ^ Schrót. Flussconch. t. 6. f. 4, 5. | Favanne Conch. t. 61. f. E. 3. & E. 11. Chemn. Conch. 9. t. 135. f. 1241, 1242. Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 49. t. 21. S vd Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 51. J- 1. Montagu Test. d rit. P. 375. E = f £o Sehnite- Erdeonch. t. dem un |. Chemn. Conch. 9. t. 135. f. 1946, 1947. - a - Montagu‘ Test. Brit. p. 381. t16. Y H. ` inzag Habitat in aquis, stagnantibus, et rivis, vulgaris. Testa 1 poll. longa, } lata, tenuis, fragilis, pellucida, eed alba, seu flaves- cens, anfractu primo maxime ventricoso seu inflato, minutissime "transversim striata. Apertura patentissima, labro — margine - reflexo, Columella uniplicata. '- . The variety is PET a young shell af this species. | "The 222 Dr. Maton’s and Mr. RackzTT's The first volution is less ventricose and thinner, and the mouth not so patulous, but it has no character to entitle it to be considered as distinct. It cannot be H. limosa, as Chemnitz and Gmelin have asserted, since it does not accord with Linneus’s referent to Gualt. Test. t. 5. f. H. or with his descriptions of that species in the two edi- tions of his Fauna Suecica—* Testa. oblongiuscula, an- T -fractibus quinque, valde tenera et mos | 6A. : lutea. H. testa imperforata, suboyaif: : apertura Thiha, ovali. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 380. t. 16. f. 6. Habitat in mari? rarior. Testa fere 4 poll. longa, plusquam 4 lata, levis, subpellucida, sordidé au- rantiaca. -Anfractus vix 3, primus amplus. — Testa H. auricularie B. similis, sed minus tumida, et quamvis minor ma- gis crassa et solida; hactenus, expers limacis incole, solum ad littora maris reperta. cord 65. — me testa ventricosa, dais mucrone obtuso, aper- o tura ampla. Muller Verm. 2. p. 129. n. 323. Bucci- num glutinosum. Linn. Gmel. e 3659. es 134. Schrót. Flussconch. p. 971. n.79 — X- Montagu Test. Brit. p. 319. t. 16. f. 5. Habitat, rarior, Nymphee lutec foliis insidens. Limax incola em gela- tinoso totam testam obvolvens. = Testa plusquam + poll.longa, 2 lata, tenerrima, fragilissima, flava. Anfrac- — tus 2 vel 3. Apertura repanda, rotundata. (Gmelin), First noticed by Mr. Boys; plentiful in the marshes at Deal. Found also by Mr. Montagu. 66. levigata. H. testa imperforata, - obita -obtusissima, pellucida levissima. Linn. Syst. Nat. p 1950. n. Mae Linn. Gmel. p. umm à oral we didnt Bee PI Descriptive baig of the British Téitacen. 299 Point Brit. Zool. 4. 1.86. JF. 139. Walker Test. Min. Rar. f.17. . Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 49. t. 18. f ae Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 105. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 382. Habitat in pelago, rarior. Testa magnitudine pisi vel duplo major, et interdum diametro 3 poll. te- nera, fragillima, diaphana, rubescente-alba, vel brunnea, sub epidermide lutescente. -Anfractus primus maximus, ventricosus, minutissime transversim striatus, costis obsoletis longitudinalibus, seu ab apice ad: marginem. Spira obsoleta, apice obtusa. "Apertura fere orbicularis, patentissima, margine acutissima. First noticed and figured as British by ‘Pennant. Found by Mr. Montagu, at Southampton, in Devon- shire, and at Falmouth, Cornwall; by Mr. Boys, at Sandwich; and by ourselves, on 1 the beach at Studland, Dorset. 67. 2, a Bulloides. H. testa ovata, lzvi, nitida, cornea, fragili, anfractibus. contrariis, spira brevi. Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 168.. Tae We are unable to add to this description; as the specimen received from Lincolnshire by the late . Duchess of Portland, and engraved by Mr. Donovan, was accidentally destroyed. He is confident that the shell was distinct from Bulla Mochrie which the figure strongly. resembles. ies PESE "NERITA. ad Syst. Nat. n. 329.. E r : "c. Umbea, Canrena, N. testa umbilicata, levi, spira submucronata, umbilico : a gibbo, 224 < Dr. Marox's and Mr. RAckzTT's _gibbo, bifido. . Linn. Syst. Nat. p.1251. n. 715. Linn. Gmel. p. 3669. j EAG Bonanni Recr. t. 224. 228. Gualt. Test. t. 67. f. Q. R. S. V. X. Murray in Aman. Acad. t. 1. f. 23. Chemn. Conch. f. 1860— 1865. 1868—1871. 1881—1886. ` Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 167. N. intricata. Halitat in marti. Testa alba, picta lineis spiralibus interruptis apa, seu maculis spiraliter digestis, lævis, magnitudine avellanz. Spira parum eminens, acuta. Apertura hians, edentula. Umbilicus profundus, arcuatus ver- sus posteriora. (Linn. Mus. Lud. Ulr. n. 383.) Mr. Donovan's figure, from a shell found at Wey- mouth, appears to represent one of the varieties of this species, which are very numerous. g | glaucina. N. testa umbilicata, levi, spira obtusiuscula, umbilico semiclauso ; labio -gibbo dicolore. Linn, Fauna Suec. 1.2197. Syst. Nat. n.716. p. 1251. Linn. Gmel. p.3671. Lister Anim. Angl. t. = Jf. 10. o Cong i e 568. f. 19. Petiver Gaz. t. 93. f. d. ; Rumph. Mus. t. 22. f. A. Seb. Mus. 3. t. 39. f. 16. Gualt. Test. t, 67. f. M. P. Knorr Vergn. 2. t. 11. f. L; g 6.1. ORANA Pennant Brit. Zool. t. 87. f. 141. Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 83. t. 5. f. T. Cochlea Catena. Pulteney i in Hutch. Dorset. p. 50. t. 21. ^ T- : an Brit. Shells, t. 20. f- 1. Qu Montagu Test. Brit. P 469. : Habitatin pelago. —— — | Testa diametro 14 poll., levis, apes. convexa, nunc livida vel purpuras- cens, nunc alba vel cinereo-ceerulescens, obumbrata seepius lituris cæ- a Descriptive Catalogue of the British Testacea. — 225. Y rulescentibus aut fuscis fasciata. Sp pim 1 obtusa, submucronata. Aper- tura grisco-purpurascens. | mbilicus teretiusculus, labii interioris medio gibboso, crasso, griséo, i exo. (Mus. Lu. Ulr. p. 674.) Common. on most sandy shores. _ 3. | Mammil- N. testa umbilicata, ovata, glabra, EEA obtecto, la. apertura ovata. Linn. Syst. Nat. p. 1252. n. 719. Linn. Gmel. p. 3672. Column. Aquat. t. 52. f. ult. Lister Conch. t. 571. f 22. DA genv. “Conch. P 10. 0. f. e ouo A an Seb. Mus. 3. t. 38. f. 9, 10. udo Sox Knorr Vergn. 6. t. A0. f rs — Born Mus. p. 399. A on . Chemn. Conch. 5. & 189. f * | Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 144, N., deme . Habitat in mari. Testa magnitudine extimi articuli pollicis, lactea aut lutea, lævis, nitida, ovato-oblonga. Spira brevis, Hee ve neque obtusa, suturis an- fractuum subobliteratis. Apertura ov: en ulo, subtus gibbo. - Umlilicus perforatus, sed fere et æ] | e PREN obtectus Tabio interiore peus ut ne do ast appareat. (Mus. Lud. Ulr. p. 615.) rst ascertained to be British by Mr. M‘Leay, who pe oem on the coat) pel pes in fluviatilis. N. testa rugosa, labiis edentulis. Linn. Fauna Suecica, n.2194. Syst. Nat. n. 723. p.1253. Linn. Gmel. p.3010. Her Anim. Angl. t. 9. f. 20... Conch. t. 141. f. 38. ; 4t. 607. f. 43, P Spani GL EIES S = Phe. VOL. VIII. 2c So derent. 226 5. Dr. Maton’s and — D’Argenv. Conch: t. 27. f. 3.? . Hill's Swammerd. p. 83. t. 10. We 97 Pennant Brit. Zool. t. 87. f. 142. Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 48. t. 3. p 17, 18. Schrot. _Flussconch. t. 5. F 53519, 3 : Favanne Conch. £. 61. f. D. 3, 4, 17, 20. Chemn. Conch. 9. t. 124. Je: 1088. Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 50. t. 16. $ Inm. 18. = Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 46.4516 e | Montagu Test. Brit. p. 0. —— Habitat in rivis et fluviis. Testa 3. poll. longa, 2 lata, subovalis, levis, utplurimum alba, colore nigro, cinereo, rubro, virescente, reticulatim depicta, maculata vel fasciata. Spira obtusa. Apertura magnitudine fere teste. Labrum interne planum, operculo aurantiaco, semiovato. = First described and paired by Lister. Common in gentle 1 rivers. pallidula. N. testa umbilicata, de umbilico profundo MS uc- 6. tiores i ue Da Costa Brit. "EC 2. 51. = à. Pas p . Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 16. f. 1. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 468. Pulteney in Hutch. Borat: t. 20. ^ 4, 5. Habitat ad littora, rarior. . Testa magnitudine pisi, convexa, Ph sub epidermide brunnea. Spira prominula, Apertura semilunaris, patula. First described and figured by Da Costa. Found es sj r ringly i in Kent, and on the Western coast. It has : = | received a also from. Shetland. - littoralis. N. testa devi, vaitive. carioso, tabiii edentulis. - Linn. Suecica, n. Aio. adh Aat, an. i. 124. p. 1253. Lian Catch | ODE, X Lister SO. e pellucida. 18. alba. Deseriptive Catalogue of the British Testacea. 227 Lister Anim. Angl. t. 3. f. 11, 12,431 55 Conch. t 607. T- S942: Ps 9! S *C3162 3X ) Petiver Gaz. 1. 4. f. 4,5, 6 Gualt. Test. t. A. FAL. D. 055 M. E wih Pennant Brit. Zool. t. 8T. 2E 143. Monast Da Costa Brit. Conch; P 50. ed af 1s, 14, 35, 16.; $4.29. 3 Chemn. Conch. 5. t. 185. Y Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset..p. 44. t. 16. f 13, 14, 15, 16.; § t. 20. f. 2, 3. Turbo: Nenitaides.. | Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 20. ponia Montagu Test. Brit. p A67... fo ; ) + _ Habitat in mari, ad littora, Loves | 18: ae Testa diametro ad 3. poll., solida, colore, mpi viridi, flavo, rubro, brun- neo, modis innumeris variegata. - The variety engraved in 4. 5. E 13. was found near Castle Sinclair, in the county of Caithness, by Mr. - Mibeay: N. testa: laevi, pellücida, . anra bu 3.. A dams i in Act. Soc. Linn. 3. p. 61. tases N. testa ler sab pellicle, He at 2. J. Adams in Act. Soc. Linn. 3. p. 67. — "The two last-mentioned Nerite (found by Mr. Adams on the coast of Pembrokeshire) may prove to be va- Se rieties "— of N. glau -HALIOTIS. . Linn. Syst. Nat. n. 330. tubercu- H. testa obovatis doro: Nn Em rugoso tubercu- lata. lato. Linn. Fauna Suecica, n. 2198. Syst. Nat. n. E p. 1250.2 Lut. Gmek p. JOST enum 209 Rondel. 228. Dr. Mavox's and Mr. RAcxETT's Rondel. Pisc. 5. ` Gesner Aquat. 808. ` Lister Anim. Angl. t. 3. f. 16. a eb t. & 611. J-a. Rumph. Mus. t. 40. f.- G. H. UNE Gualt. Test. t. 69. f. I: guid i -i D Argeno. Conch. t. 3. f. A. | Lessers Testaceoth. f. 87. Adans. Seneg. t. 2. f. 1. inf. — Ginann. Adr. t. 3. f. 27. Martini Conch. 1. t. 16. f. 148-9. Pennant Brit. Zool. t. 88. f. 144. Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 15. t. 2. fl 1,9. Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 50. t. 22. f 1, 2. ' Donovan Brit. Shells, EE - Montagu Test. Brit. p. 413. Habitat in mari, scopulis adherens. - Testa subovata, Ruge inter foramina et spiram transversze, undatee tuber- culis elevatis. Spira elevata ; interna margine decumbente acutissimo. Foramina 98 elevata, quorum 4 sepius. pervia. (Mus. Lud. Ulr. BS p.693.) Se Lae cn, «cop Mc: -Foramina numero variant. E | Found after storms on | the Western’ and Southern coasts. oi hag ep ta. Saati Linn. Syst. Nat. m. 331. $ = * Labiatæ; seu labio interno instruct, — Chinensis. P. testa. integra, subconica, levi, labio laterali. Linn. Syst Nat. p. 1257. n. 749. Linn. Gaat bg. ae Lister Conch. t, 546. f, 89. Bonanni Recr. t. 1. f. 12.. l Martini Conch. 3. t. 13. f. 121,122, - Born 2. vulgata. Descriptive Catalogue of the British Testacea. 299 Born Mus. p. 414. vign. fie. 000 | -Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 199. P. albida; Montagu Test. Brit. p. 489. Habitat in mari, ostreis adherens. Testa alba, pellucida, levis, integerrima, latior quam longa. Interne. lå- bium adglutinatum longitudinaliter, sed oblique, membranaceum, ver- sus latus flexum, dehiscens a testa. (Mus. Lud. Ulr. p. 688.) First noticed. as British by Col. George, at Penryn, Cornwall, where it has been also found xem Mr. Mon- tagu and ae Ayers P, testa AREE gs 14 absolut. margine di- latato acuto. Linn. Fauna Suecica, n. 2199. Syst. Nat. n. 758. p. 1258. Linn, Gmel. p. . 9697. Lister Anim. Angl. t. 5. f. 40. —— Conch. t. 535. f. 14. d Gualt. Test. t. 8. f. E —- Ginann. Adriat. t. 2. f. 17. Borlase Corno. t. 98. f. 3. Martini Conch. 1. t. 5. f. 38. -Knorr Vergn. 6. t. 27. f. 8. Pennant Brit. Zool. t. 89. f. 145. $ T 146. P depressa. Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 3. t. 1. f. 1,2, 8. Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 51. t. 23. » n 2, 8. Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 14. —— Montagu Test. Brit. p. ATES Habitat in mari, rupibus et saxis adheerens, frequentissima, Testa interdum 22 poll. longa, 2 lata, 14 a vertice ad basin, nunc co- - mica, nunc depressa, sordide viridescens, vel fasciis fuscis variegata, subtus colore testudinis vel flavescente; angulis plurimis elevatis tu- berculatisque costata. Apex obtusiusculus est, et margini angustiorh propior, nec in centro. Margo nunc indentatus, nunc integerrimus. The conic and depressed shells of this species, though at . 930 3. Dr. Maton’s and Mr. RACcKETT's. at first sight sufficiently distinct, run into each other so much that they cannot be considered. as essentially dif- ferent. *** Mucronate, vertice acuminato recurvo. Mitrula. P. testa integra, subconica, iinbricata, vertice recurvato. 4. x " Lister Conch. t. 544. f. 51. Klein Ostr. t. 8. f. 11, 12. - Martini Conch. 1. t. 12. f. = 12. Linn. Gmel. p. 3108. n. 82. Favanne Conch, t. 4. f. F. 2. Pulteney in. Hutch. Dorset. p. 51. t. 22. f. 7. a. P. an- tiquata. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 485. t. 13. f. 9. P. antiquata. Habitat in mari, rarissima. - CINES Testa diametro 4. poll., solida, opaca, lactea. Apertura ovata. Found after a storm, by Mr. Bryer, at Weymouth. ungarica. P. testa integra, conico-acuminata, striata; vertice ha- moso, revoluto. — eh Nat, n. "ina 3259. dir. Gmel. p. 3109. Gualt. Test. t. 9. f. v. w. D' Argenv. Conch. t. 2. f. R. Borlase Corno. t. 98. f. 4. Martini Conch. 1. t. 12. f. 107, 108. Knorr Vergn. 6. t. 16. f. R. Pennant Brit. Zool. t. 90. f. 147. Da Costa Brit. Conch. t. 1. f. 7. P. Pileus Morionis. -Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 51. t - 23. A 7. Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 91. Pa Ln | Montagu Test. Brit. p. 486. : Halitat i in mari, testaceis adherens, rarior —— 0 | Testa diametro 1 poll., $a vertice ad basin, sub giene pilosa, rubro- nebulosa, seu carnaria, subtilissime longitüdiusliter striata, interdum transversim LAS militaris, 6. intorta. | fut poll. longa, 4. lata, wpe icida, Montagu Test. Brit. p. 488. t. 13. TA n. Descriptive Catalogue of the British Testacea. 231 < transversim plicata, versus marginem rugosa. Intus alba, levis, rosa- . ceo-erubescens. ec mier crenatus. Vertex prope marginem, recurvus. ho noticed as British by Borlase. Found, sparingly on the Western coast. P, testa integra, conica, acuminata, striata; vertice ha- moso, lateraliter recurvo. Linn. Mant. p. 552. Lister Conch. t. 544. f. 32. Favanne Conch. 1. p. 538. t. 4. f. B. Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p 51. t, 22. f. 7. Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 171. Halitat in mari. Testa similis P. ungarice, magnitudine seminis cannabis, pellucida, tenera, absque sagen Apex spiraliter PA sed ad alterum latus . flexus. First noticed as | British by Dr. Paten Found by Mr. Bryer at Weymouth, and by Miss Pocock i in Corn- wall. P. testa subintegra, ovata ; shag Tunica price. | alternis minoribus. à. iei oe Pennant Brit. Zool. 4. t. -90 f M8; Born Mus. t. 18. f. 7. ^: Mv iT Donovan Brit. Shells, t 146. Halitat in mari, rarissima. Et extus s nigrescens. EDorsum sulcis -- plurimis elevatis. - Vertex | recurvus, margini posteriori proximus, sæ- pius decorticatus, oe - This species is probably P. intorta of Pennant. Mr. - Donovan has given an excellent representation of it, and it has been engraved also in the splendid work of deser. Born, who supposed it to be Patella pectinata of Linnzus. 4 lacustris. — Dr. Maton’s and Mr. RACKETT's Linnsus. It will not, however, agree with his descrip- tion * striis rugosis subramosis." Chemnitz has figured the latter species, which appears to correspond exactly with the characters above mentioned. . Found on the Western coast, by Mr. Laskey. (Donovan.) P. testa integerrima, ovali, membranacea; vertice mu- cronato, reflexo. Linn. Fauna Suecica, n. 2200. Syst. Nat. p. 1260. n. 769. Linn. Gmel. p. 3710, Lister Anim. Angl. t. 9. f. 39. Conch. t. 141. f. 39. Gualt. Test. t. 4. f. B. B. | D’ Argenv. Conch. t. 27. f. 1. le 3"* Patelle. Muller Verm. p. 201. n. 386. Pennant Brit. Zool. À. n. 149. Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 1. t. 2. f. 8. Schrót. Flussconch. t. 5. f. 1, 2, 3. - Favanne Conch. 4. 61. f. A. 8,4. — Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 51 t. 22. f.8. — Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 147. 3 Montagu Test. Brit. p.382. P. Buviatilis- z Habitat in fluviis, rivis, stagnis, saxis et plantis aquaticis adhærens ; fre- quens. Testa diametro + poll., subdiaphana, fragilis, subalbida, Vertex coarctatus, margini approximatus. ; Varietas interdum a vertice striata. , First figured and described by Lister. One of Linnzus’s references, Gualt. Test. t. A. f. A. A. = T répresents the following species, viz. P. oblonga ; but it | is evident. from his specific. characters, that he meant to € ibe Lister’ s shell, Anim. Angl. t. 2; y^ 32., to which he has. also referred. Gmelin has transferred all the ynon yAR A thin aa of | Linneeus to bis. own P. flu- viatilis, / 8. oblonga. Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 51. t. 18. f. 20.; 8t t. 22," eat pellucida. Descriptive Catalogue of ihe British Testacea. : 233 vidtilis, and has given some references of P. oblonga, to P. lacustris of Linnzus. If the editor of the Systema Nature had consulted the Philosophical Transactions, this confusion would have been avoided, as the distinc- tions between the two species are pointed out, and P. oblonga is accurately described by Lightfoot. P. testa integerrima, oblonga, compressa, membrana- cea; vertice mucronato, reflexo, obliquo. Lightfoot in Act. Angl. 76. p. 168. t. 3. f. 1, 2, 3, 5. Gualt. Test. t. 4: f. A. A. Muller Verm. 2. p. 199. n. 385. _ Schrót. Flussconch. t. 5. f. &. a.b. —— fa Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 150. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 484. P. lacustris. Habitat in rivis, plantis. aquaticis adherens. Testa + poll. longa, 41, lata, tenerrima, colore corneo, sub epidermide Vis ridescente. Vertex prope marginem angustierem. First noticed as English by Lightfoot, who received it from Beaconsfield, in Buckinghamshire. Found in ditches, near Deal, by Mr. Boys; at Lackham, and in the river Avon, Wilts, by Mr. Montagu; and in the river Stour, Dorset, by the Rev. Thomas Rackett. ELLE di Integerrime absque vertice mucronato. — : P. testa integerrima, obovata, gibba, lucida, radiis quatuor ceruleis. Linn. Syst. Nat. n. 716. p. 1260. - Linn. Gmel. p. STIT. — Lister Conch. t. 543. f. 27. Wallace Orkneys, p. 41. . Petiver Mus. p. 68. n. 125. VOL, VIII. | i n A Daril, % 234 Dr. Maton’s and Mr. RAckErTT's Davil. t. 1. p. 428. Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. T. t. 1. f. 5. Chemn. Conch. 10. t. 168. f. 1620. Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 51. t. 23. f. 5. Teste seniores. Linn. Syst. Nat. n. 159. p. 1259. Linn. Gmel. * 10. à Jo AUS $^ p. 9697. P. cerulea? Lister Anim. Angl. App. t. 2. f. 10. Conch. t. 542. f. 26. Petiver Gaz. t. 75. Fh. - Borlase Corn. t. 28. f. 2. — Pennant Brit. Zool. t. 90. f. 151. Da Costa Brit. Conch. t. 1. f. 6. Chemn. Conch. 10. t. 168. f. 1621. Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 51. t. 23. f. 6. Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 3. f. 1. Montagu Test. Brit. f acl Habitat in mari. Fa ta interdum. diametro 4 aN sal. colore flavescente-brunneo, nunc _ s conica, nunc depressa, radiis cæruleis obsoletis. Mucro obtusior, de- corticatus. First figured and described by Lister. | Common on the Western coast, and among the Western Isles of Scotland. — . This shell, so different in shape and appearance un- der various stages of growth, has been commonly sepa- rated into two or more species. Dr. Pulteney always maintained a contrary opinion; and it appears from the observations of Mr. Montagu, that the gradations are so regular, that no permanent ne distinction is to be established. | CUP bicis Co È nDe virginea. P, testa" integerrima, oblongo-orbieulari, snbstrista: sie verticis Descriptive Catalogue of. the British Testacea. A 235 -verticis mucrone fere ms . Linn. Gmel. p. 9711. Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. Tet. 8. f. 1. Muller Zool, Dan. t. 19. f. 4, 5. Msc et Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 21. f. 2. E d Montagu Test. Brit. p. 480. r "en Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. t. 14. f. 11. ë Habitat in mari, scopulis adherens. 4 s Testa 2 poll. longa, $. lata, levis nec glabra, sub epidermide fusca, subal- - = bida seu cerulescens, fasciis rubescentibus a vertice ad marginem - tincta; stris obsoletis concentricis et costis seu radiis vix manifestis. — Intus alba, seu pallidé purpurascens, Apex obtusus, Margo integer- rimus. E First described and figured be Da Costa, who receiv- a * og ed it from Dorsetshire. Found by Mr. Boys, at Sand- lc wich and Dover; by Mr. Bryer, at Weymouth ; and by Mr. Montagu, in Cornwall and Devonshire. * Lh k -bimacula- P. testa ovali, convexa, de pibe vertice obsoleto. Mon- px W' a tagu Test. Brit. p. 482. t. 13. f. 8. : c T Habitat | in mari. e.a i Testa + poll. longa, -4 lata, opaca, glabra, fayss, macula oe see x E. utraque extremitate. Intus flava. - ik F^ A new species, discovered: by Mr. Montagu, y a magih, and at Milton Sands, Devon. d pe " 2d a 4 E ; : * * 12. i " err Perforatze ped € f Z Fissura. P. ES ovali, striato-reticulata, vertice recurvo, antice - fissa. uen: yet. Nat, za: 1261. n. 778. Linn. Gmel. .— p.9128. e Lister Con £ 543, f.: 28. Petiver Gaz. t. 75. f. 2. Martini Conch. 1. t. 12. f. 109, 110. teg e Pennant Brit. Zool. 4. t. 90. f. 152. — t pado x 212 e e E | 236 — Dr. Maton’s and Mr. RAcxzTT'S Da Costa Brit. Conch. t. 1. f. 4. Muller Zool. Dan. 1. p. 83. t. 24. - 4,9. ^ * Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 51. t. 23. f. 4. Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 3. f. 2. ^ xs Montagu Test. Brit. p. 490. e Habitat i in mari, saxis et testaceis adherens. Testa 4 poll. longa, $ lata, brunnea cancellata. Vertex &cutiusculus, paua * lulum reflexus, Moup anterior fissura lineari, crenatus. Intus alba, Wan EO 7 s seu 1 carnaria, levis. — Ld B v First figured byskister. Found on the Kentish and - d Vues x per coasts; but not common. ü md rag Graca. P. testa ovata, convexa, margine introrsum crenulato, vertice perforato. Linn. Syst. Nat. p.1262. n. 380. si n = Linn. Gmel. p. 3128. "- s &- Lister Conch. t. 527. f. 2. š * * " Gualt. Test. t. 9. f. N. | a Es D' Argenv. Conch. t. 2. f. L. ~ ae n d : Š i 4 gidans Senp t-f 1... >. $ pas _ s Martini Conch. 1. t. 11. f. 98. — E i $ Pennant Brit. Zool. t. 89. f. 159,.— = tas s Da Costa Brit. Conch. t. 3. fe 3. P. ‘Larvaseticual i Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 52. t. 23. f. 3. a Donovan Brit. Shells, t, 21. Í. 3. P. reticulata. 4$. . 4 e Habitat in mari, rarior. į -9 » Testa 3. poll. longa, 4 lata, oblongo-ovata subalbida vel sordide brunnea. m. E Strüis et costis numerosissimis cancellata. Intus livida, Vertex nom + centralis, fissura oblonga perforatus. EI" First figured by Lister; found near nierichs Keats : and on the Western coasts. oct i 14. Apertura.P. testa subconica, onsite costata,; vertice per- forato, recurvo. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 491. t-13. ^ 10. Habitat it ymari, saxis adherens, rarissima, dide Tesia - = 499 | Tae -—— Descriptive Catalogue of the British Testacea. 287 e Testa vix 4 poll. longa nec 4p a vertice ad basin, subpellucida, Ji costis E à .. longitudinalibus, tuberculatis ; sulcis - paucis » cencentricis; intus alba, i -— glaberrima, Foramen | det ore rope RES C revolts, ££. °°" > * $ $ ? ; ets aş = pudor d 9 3 — Linn. Syst. Nat. n. 332. z ^w E ae L : t Dentalis. D. testa viginti-striata, subarčdata, A s, a. h: J E ce s "s Syst. Nat. p, 1263. n. 785. EC Gmel. n. 356. da E Rumph. Mus. t. 41. f. 6 A T vial. deo DR Mis. (19-7719. so M eg A ve a s * -Montagu Test. Brit. p. 495. D. striatum. | - T o. eO. ¿ Habitat in mari, rarissimum. ; Deum * * Testa + poll. longa, alba, tubularis. 4 ry AEA. e at 4, * Discovered by Mr. Montagu, on 1 the Western coast. - = oe Entalis D. testa Et. sabirali boring: levi. Linn. Fauna Eo è- — Suecica, n. 9201. Syst. Nat. p. joo a n. A Linn. UR QN ag Ond p 3736. Sr S preni i Becr. tL i 9. a rs š fe * : Sy uw fBürlae Cork t. 28. aJ b. X os 4c de = Knorr Vergn. 1. t. 29. f. à | si Marti Cock. t$. 3:317 Pennant Brit. Zool. t. 90. f. 154. nui urs E 2588 ^ Dr.Marow's and Mr. RACKETT’S 3:4 irs co DaCosta Brit. Conch. pi 24. t. 2:f.10. < "o. Spt ois pini Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 52. t. 22. f. b. - 4 e coc o ` Donovan Brit. Shells, t. i ee ee p v ; " — . Montagu Test. Brit. p. 494.. oe 709 dis Es Halitat in mari. Ne Ws " . -— : m. ! d Testa teres alba, subulata, cdi: levis, apice. truncata. (Linn. a - wa AN Mus. La. Utr. p. 697.) bas ba | è So ¢ um. D. testa aisle. ba acuminata, viridi, 5 ===- Apicealbo. Linn. Gmel. i SU». 13. c=, r TS EN B EN 5 ; er Conthet t. 547. f. 1, e notus nF. - * ae Se © Martini Conch: P t. 1. 7. 5. p.i "o "o vd ax -. Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 162. D. octangulatum. * ; m Y . Halitat in mari, elephantino affine, at testa longiore, angustiore. "Apertura n * * ' Em E m altera angulata, altera angustissima orbiculata. (Gmel. P & 2 s 9 e «4, $ ; This species, which from Mr. Donovan's description T D eos A is probably Dentalium striatulum of Gmelin, in a de- M ioe pauperated state, was discovered by. Miss Pocock, on ce = ; As deed EE of E Gornat all near [clans - 3 a s, y de. Montagu est. Bui” 7 yu " ik. Jf >a t Habitat in pelago. . Testa vix $ poll. longa, i, lata ad mediam em. quà tumidi “a alba, glabra. æ acutiusculus, — $ à ee es — First described and figured by Mr.’ Montagu It It i is s M 5 called Er mariners Hake’ ‘stoothe | AE | * ua itato; imperfora = ratum. — | ek. | Walker M Min. mere fi ‘1s S , H hi | Descriptive Catalogue of the British Testacea. 239 . | Habitat in mari, rarius. 5 _ Testa 4. poll. longa, alba, vel cinerea. z ra ro > 7 Ta . "fato. Apex imperforatus, truncatus rculatus.- a xr Found by Mr. Boys, at Sandwich and by Mr. Mone. a. E ` tagu, at Falmouth, | s "è Trethi: D. testa tereti, arcuata; striis Piatlanbus: densis, c con- £g š $ * 7 SU De * fertissimis ; apice truncato, imperforato. eo ee t * = Montagu Test. Brit. p. 491-t.14. f. 10. -= w | á Habitat in mari, rarissimum. ki Å- Testa + poll. longa, vel paululum major, kee fred er Miel i g x , Distipguitus, a tae que. tes magis. uy Gu um an- "HE a A uy Py 9 ——— g $* ! td ns cheam emulans.” (Montagw.) — e ye Fond bui oye Mr. Montages i in sand, fom » Milton, ETT a "» dee ‘Devonshire. MU E. p o e ge ' q.s 6 47 M c ^» . , of ra^ glabrum. D. testa cylipdrica, te tereti, arcuata, , levi, imperforata. slc re” e. s “Montagu Test. Brit. (4 497. : v 2 mg S TE ow Ls : "a i * : E: > Halitat i in mart." we a 4 Jes + e ge - Testa vix 1 lin.longa, a, L^ Apertura orbicularis. Apes rotundatus, porem B s ~ t; submarginatus. (Mom gw) ` 3 A. AT £f: & = 3 P E ost COP am A new Dep found By Mr. ge * * ` - This genus las been divided y. fe M aie into S50 on ac- at + -. .. count of some of the species being unattached to other bodies, ¥ x. andto these. he bas given the appellation of Vermiculum. The ' : Linnean Serpule certainly constitute a very irregular genus, as they. py extremely, not P E in the structure of the bells but E D: x gi 3 de also Q5 " f LI x?* + & kd 240 7. Maroy' s and Mr. RacxzrTT's : E also in the iiion of the contained animal; yet it appeared to us that, in the present imperfect state of our knowledge respect- —. ing the latter, and as independence, or the not being affixed to Ce other. bodies, is not allowed to form of itself a distinctive generic ee character, in other instances, it was better to adhere to Linnwus’s a original arrangement. The bottle-shaped. division of Serpule Hae (which we have denominated Lagenaformes) might be removed into a. separate genus, with much more ‘propriety - than any of ~ : Pie. the others, and wit no violation of the Linnean d ethod, for to : ' . that. author tl ley 5 were unknown ; yet even these we prefer leay- * ing among the Serpule, until opportunities of further iestiga- tion have been attained. | + Lh * Spirales. i & p _ Spirillum.S. testa regulari, spirali, orbiculata, pellucida, uid ac ; bus teretibus, sensimque minoribus. Linn. Fn. Suec. ^^ - Pa n. 2203. Syst. Nat. n.793. p. 1264. Linn. Gmel. p.3740., e 3 , Plane. Conch. t. 1. "s Be hae | S cz 1 ^. * "Biens. Adr. StF. ‘ NN a EG Martini Conch. 1. t. 8,80. C. D. L deem Sm 34 E < Pallas ww Act. Petrop. 2. ipe 236. 1. € 2L. E Te” tec Test. Brit. p- 499. = f. anfractibus contrariis. wo T Walker Test. Min. Toa 43, vol til min iqued pellucida". manifeste canaliculata ; ; quedque Descriptive Catalogue of the British Testacea. 241 2. sigra i Es hee rs minuta. S. testa regulari, spirali, phis ta; anfractibus tereti- bus, contrariis. . Montagu Test. Brit. p. 505. = See Habitat in mari, Zoophytis et Corallina officinali smashes frequens. Jat Testa diametro 44 poll.: differt a varietate praecedentis, quod duplo minor, sordide alba, opaca, transversé rugosa, interdum dorso leviter carinata,. a S. sinistrorsa, quod minor, neque anfractibus sulcatis. Discovered by Mr. Montagu. 3. spirorbis. S. testa regulari, spirali, orbiculata; anfractibus supra introrsum. . subcanaliculatis,. sensimque | minoribus. Linn. Fauna. Suecica, n. 9904. Syst. Nat. n. 194. cp. 13265. Linn. Gmel. p. 3740. eus Tisi Conch. t. 553. f. 5. aon Pu ‘Petiver Gaz. t. 35. f. 8. é Gualt. Test. t. 10. f0. Planc. Conch. 18. n. 3. | Zinn. It. Weoth. t 170. Ginann. Adr. 9. t. 1. f. 8. Baster Opusc. Subsec. 1. t. 9. f. 3. ~ = Pennant Brit. Zool. t. 91. f. 155. “Da Costa Brit. Co ch. p. 99. t. 2. fa Ip Ow Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 52. t. 22. f. 1. wan Brit. Shells, t. 9. b 1,2; = "y Montagu Test. Brit. p. 498. sooo Habitat in mari, Fucis et Zoophytis adherens. Testa diametro 4 poll., alba, opaca, levis, subtus plana First figured by Lister; common. å, sranulata.S. testa tereti, spirali, glomerata, . latere superiore sul- cis tribus elevatis. - ^om Syst. Nat. n. 798. p. 1266. - Linn. Gmel. p. 3741. * >O. Fabr. Fn. Groenl. p. 380. n. 375. | VOR. VIII. ET ie. Eo Mg EXT LE Adams 249 — Dr. Maron’s and Mr. RAckETT'S ‘ei Adams in Act. Soc. Linn. 3. p. 254. S. sulcata. © Donovan Brit. Shells, t. YOO: ^ Malla Test. Brit. p. 500. Habitat in mari, super lapides et testas, - — Teste magnitudine seminis coriandri confertze, soils sed irregulares, - (Linn.); albze, opacze, subumbilicatze, Mtem: poll. ui Round by: Mr. gebe. as xen eoe een 5. : hetero- S. beta tereti, spirali; anfractibus 2 ugs s sats, cone rupe ASA eee Montagu Test. Brit. p. 503. Habitat in mari, testaceis et schisto adlizerens. Testa precedenti affinis, sed. duplo minor; sordidé alba, sulcis minus pro- fundis, supra concava ;. anfractibus contrariis, usque ad apicem conspi- euis, cum præcedens umbilicum parvum habet. -dpertura orbiculata. Discovered by Mr. Montagu, in abundance, in. x Kingsbridge Bay, Devon:. carinata. S. testa regulari, spirali, anfractu exteriore -Suprà.cari- nato. Montagu Test. Brit. P- 502. Habitat inr ‘mari, testaceis adherens. - i Testa sordidé alba, opaca, medio concava, interdum pervia, s. OUT du- plo minor, a quad ignoscitur anfractu: to, veluti in S. tri- queira. Testa semper en SE pode interiores incon- spicui.. Apertura orbicularis. (Montagu.) | Discovered by Mr Montagu on the “Devonshire coast, where it is not uncommon.. xe 7. PE corrugata. S, testa regulari, spirali, transversim rugosa; umbilicata. -Montagu Test. Brit. p. 502.. ` Habitat in mari, NA adherens. M VEU be eie albas g 2 dilata 1 ad basin | 1o b. is. a ^ | 8, cornea, Mares i in Act. fe 5. 5. t. 1. f. 33, 34, 35. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 508. — ` ny me ‘Habitat ad littora Com. Pembroke. (Adams) — ——— — 2 Testa coloris cornei, An — derer iid er | lucida. .S. festa: tereti, spirali, levissima, vitreo-splendente, a an- ~ fractibus contrariis. - s. Ellis Zooph. p. 37. Linn. Gmel. 2 T Soe. Lin S. yitrea. vitrea. Mafra ssepe disjuncti. Apertura quasi porrecta. Arima! ~ rubrum, capite bimaculato, tentaculis plumosis pallidis. (Montagu.) Found by Mr. Roy SITONA: on the Kentish and Western coasts. 10. Bust BI Contorte, PALME wermicu- S. festa ER. subulata, curvata, iunn. s $m Syst. laris. — . Nat. p. 1267. n. 805. - Linn. Gmel. ak Aie Pennant Brit. ee te ‘OL f. ed dc c ns vin. Hutch. Dorset. p. 58. t. 92. f. 5 : Montagu Test. Brit. » 509. dh-2 Testa | sin 271 exyanine | Be es j ditlinam carinata, je pin d d Terelella, tentaculis s ramosis ciliatis coccineo- miaculatis, proboscide duplici infundibuliformi. (Montagu, p- 508.) Mm | reversa. S.testa subcylindrica, pes spirali, irr ogia dpi : 2 SCONE. ou Montagu Test. Brit. p. 508. g ; 212 Halitat Testa dinero 4 z lin. ‘alba; a € red peer facie glaberrima . . 244 . Dr. Marox's and Mr.-RackgTTs © Halitat in Ostream opercularem et Cancros, rarior, “Testa alba, rugis transversis, flexuris varians, nunc lateralibus, nunc sibi .. invicem oppositis. | Animal ut in precedente. An species vere distincta? Found on the Devonshire coast. 12. triquetra.S, testa radiate V a rique. Linn. T Suec. ` n.2206. Syst. Nat. p.1965. n. 195. Linn. Gmel. p.140. Ephem. Act. Nat. Curios. 1727. B 315. t. 10, Gualt. Test. t8 Vf. P. |a Linn. It. Wgoth. 170. Ellis Corall. t. 38. f. 2. .. Martini Conch, 1. t. 3. f. 25. : — —- Baster: Opusc. Subsec. 1. t. 9. f. CE ` Pennant Brit. Zool. 4. t. 91. f. 157... Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 20. t. SD Born Mus. t. 18. f. 14. : $ fugi in Hutch. Dorset. P 52. t 22, £9 o. ` Testa sordidé alba vel pto iei ' opaca. raea EAN variabili, dorso ca- rinato, interdum lateribus leviter carinatis. Animal proboscide simplici tubiformi (unde a congeneribus Sopra) tentacùlis duobus Rc sic ee 13. tubalavia. £ testa tereti, subulata; extremitate angustiore affixa, ir. N ontdeu.. at Torcross, Devon. | 2 44. Seni ilum. | Descriptive Catalogue of the British Testacea. 245 * ** Libers, Mast He a. Subconvolutzg. . | Seminu-- S. testa regulari, ovali, libera, Ep d ui. d. Nat. lum. p. 1364. n. 791. - Linn. Gmel. p. #199, * » Plane. Conch. t. 2. f. 1.?. © Gualt. Test. t. 10. f. S. Martini Conch. 1. t. 3. f. 22. a. b.? O. Fabr. Fn. Gróenl. p. 316. n. 310. Walker Test. Min. Rar. f. 1. Adams in Act. Soc. Linn. 5. t. 1. f. 28, 29, 30. S. ovalis. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 520. Vermiculum intortum. Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. t. 19. 4 31. Habitat in mari, frequentissima. Testa diametro 4 poll. alba, opaca, glabra. pani compressa, semi- lunaris. First found on the British shores by Mr. Boys. 15. subrotun- S. testa subrotunda, dorso Eu Walker Test. Min. da. Rar. t. 1. f. 4. : Montagu Test. Brit. p. 521. Habitat in mari, frequens. Testa diametro 4 lin. alba, opaca, glabra. Apertura T RE mar- gine flavo. gama An vere distincta a — 16. oblonga. S. testa oblongo-ovali, subcompressa, hinc sutura uni- ca longitudinali. - Montagu Test. Brit.. Pe 522. t. 14. Í: 9. Vermiculum ob- »longum.- 4-52 4H ; AE Habitat in mari, rarior, - Testa vix 4 lin. longa, opaca, glabra. Apertura producta, ovalis, margine flavo. . Found by Mr. MOM in sand, from Salcomb Bay, Devon. 17. bicornis. 246 Dr. Maron‘sictd Mr. Rackett’s ` 17. bicornis, S. testa bicorni, ventricosa. Walker Test. Min. Rar. t. 1. ft 2. § fF. 3. Adams Micr. t. 14. f. 2. & 3. Montagu Test. Brit. p. xum Vermiculum ` mcorng, et V. perforatum. . Halitat in mari. — Testa 1 lin. longa, alba, opaca, i | Found at Sandwich and Reculver, by Mr. Boys. We may be permitted to express our doubts whether the four last Serpule ought not to be considered rather as varieties than as distinct species. "Their form is very - irregular and variable ; and it is scarcely possible to give any permanent characters by which they may be satis- factorily discriminated. 18. incurvata.S. testæ extremitate posteriore involuta, anfractibus tribus contiguis. - | Walkér Test. Min. Rar. Zi. ECT Adams Microsc. t. 14. f. 7. z: Montagu Test. Brit. p. 518. Vermiculum incurvatum. B. Walker Test. Min. Rar. HIA Montagu Test. Brit. p. 508. Vermiculum parvum. Habitat in mari, rarior. Testa vix 1 lin. longa, alba, semipellücida, levis, Varietds B. anfractu unico aperto. = Found on the Kentish coast. 19; — b. Lagenzformes. — lactea. S. testa ovali, tenui, compressiore, venis lacters. ~ Walker Test. Min. Rar. t. Lf 5. Adams Micr. t. 14. S. 4. mum : Montagu Test. Brit. p. 522. Vermiculum lcteum. Habitat Descriptive Catalogue of the British Testacea. 247 Habitat in mari, rarior. Testa 14 lin. longa, pellucida, =- aga br pt M ot Found at Sandwich, by Mr. Hoye: and. on | the De- vonshire coast, by Mr. Montagu. — P 20. Ta bit 3) margina- S. testa compressa, marginata, coll fere. nullo. ta. Walker Test. Min. Rar. t. 1. f. 7. — es Montagu Test. Brit. p. 524. Vermiculum marginatum. Habitat in mari. Testa minuta, alba, pellucida, shits: .. Found at Reculver, Kent, by Mr. PO a and on the Devonshire coast, by Mr. Montagu. = a 9 L. = ; globosa. S. testa globosa, levi, collo fere ullo. Walker Test. Min. Rar. t. 1. f. 8. Montagu Test.. Brit. p. 523. _Vermiculum globosum. _ Habitat in mari, rarissima. | Testa minuta, alba, pellucida. Found at Sandwich, by Mr. Boys. 00. " levis: S. testa oblonga, levi, collo | productiore. " Walker Test. Min. Rar. t. 1. F 9. LM ces T. ` Montagu Test. Brit. p. 524. Vermiculum leve. Habitat in mari, rarissima. fu 3 Testa minuta, vitrea. An varietas precedentis? : Found at Sandwich; by, Mr. Boys: 23. _squamosa.S. testa subglobosa, : squamosa, mA fest nullo. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 526. t. 14. ef 2. . Halitat in man. Testa alba, minuta. Found at Seasalter, Kent! E. 24. perlucida. 24. Bn Maros's ond Mr. RAcKETT's perlucida. S. testa levi, costis sex — te equidistan- 2 5. . striata. 26. retorta. 27. - Urne. tibus. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 525, t. 14. f. 3. Neinniculum per- lucidum. Habitat in mari. ! t Testa vix 44 poll. longa, alba, pellucida, glabra, lagenam vere zmulans. Apertura angustissima. Follum productum, subcylingsicum. (Mon- tagu.) : Found at Seasalter, Kent, by Mr. Boys. x S. testa striis plurimis longitudinalibus, collo producto. Walker Test. Min. Rar. t. 1. f. 6. Adams Mier. t. 14. f. 5... . Montagu Test. Brit. p. 523. Vermiculum statum. Habitat in mari, rarior. - Testa minuta, alba, pellucida, glabra. Apertura orbicularis. Found by Mr. Boys, on the Kentish coast; and by Mr. Montagu, on the shores of Devonshire. S. testa rotunda, marginata, cervice curvatim exserta. Walker Test. Min. Rar. t. 1. f. 10. Montagu Test: nuc 2 sa "Vermiculur retortum. Habitat in man. ^: Testa — sipas pe . S. testa aracimi b Prbas? Montagu Test. rt p 925» t. 1A. d: L - Habitat in mari. ; Testa vix 1 lin. bigs, XE. im; nip tubercolo ad | hin: Apex conicus. (Montagu.) Found i in pand, from Shepey Island, by Mr. Boys. TEREDO. 4 Descriptive Catalogue of the British Testacea. 249 Bue od TB WD O DUREE aL i Linn. Syst. Nat. n. S34. ii i navalis. T. testa tenuissima, cylindrica, levi. Linn, Syst Nat. — p. 1267. n. 807. Linn. Gmel. p. ‘STAT. d | Vallisn. Op. Fis.-Med. 2. t. 4. Sellii Hist. Nat. Tered. å. t. 1 Planc. Conch. 17. n. 2 Adans. Seneg. t. 19. € l Martini Conch. 1. t. Eq HH Pennant Brit. Zool. 4. n. 160. ae T ... Da Costa Brit. Conch. p. 21. Serpula baëa Pulteney in Hutch. Dorset. p. 53. t. 18. Ag 21. Montagu Test. Brit. p. 527. = Donovan Brit. Shells, t. 145. — Home i in Act. Angl. 1806. t. 19, 13. Habitat intra lignum. navium et palorum marinorum; balatattes navium ex Indiis in Europam propagata. (Linn.) Testa 4—6 poll., vel magis Ae den bern ed TY nunc ig nunc minus obtusa. ET. wet n far ioalieent door of Lin- næus as to exclude from this descriptive catalogue of the British Testacea the genus Sabella. The animals included under that | genus have for their coverings particles of sand agglutinated on the external membrane, and resemble rather the larve of certain ‘insects, ‘than the testaceous Vermes. The latter form their calcareous integuments entirely from the secretions of their own surfaces, and are attached to these by cartilaginous | processes, so as to render é' them essential and indispensable 2K 1, du PAG 250 Descriptive Catalogue of the British Testacea. parts of their structure. The coverings of the Sabelle seem to be more of an adventitious nature, and may be considered rather as serving the purposes of habitations, than as being organized integrals of the contained animal.—If these ideas be correct, the genus Sabella does not come within our pro- vincei CHI Sese Linn. Trans. Yurtaub. 20.2.337. PI Linn Trans. VA. Jah Lp. 250. Linn, Thins, TH tab, 2 p. 250. Linn Trans. Vil tub, à p.250. Linn. Trans Vill. Tab. 4.p.250. 3 Zinn Trans Vill, tab. IP. 250. 3 IIT. Some Account of the Pitchslake in the Island of Trinidad, in two Letters : The first from Samuel Span, Esq.to James Tobin, Esq. F., L. S.; and the other from Mr. Tobin to Charles Hatchett, Esq. F. R.S. & L.S. ; with Observations by Mr. Hatchett. Read April 17, 1804. St. Vincent, April 2, 1801. DEAR SIR, SINCE my last of the 10th ult. I have been down to Trinidad, where I devoted one day to the pitch-lake, to procure from thence the different specimens you wished for. They are on board the Union-Island, and I hope will arrive safe, and in good order. I have packed them in two barrels, and delivered them to the care of the captain for you.. The first consists of pebbles pick- ed up from the landing-place on the beach, and pieces broken from the rocks on the sea-coast, partly below the surface of the .sea, and partly from the same rocks above high-water mark ; but the whole appears to be of. the same nature with that of the lake. The other barrel contains, in separate parcels—a kind of pitch- cinder, which is found in great abundance on the borders of the lake—firm pitch from one side of the lake—pitch from the body of the lake—and pitch taken from the crater of a tumulus rising about two feet above the level of the ground around it, and di- stant from the lake about a hundred yards: this last is by much the freshest, and indeed appeared but just thrown up, and consists of about half of the whole quantity in this spot, e | 2K 2 | z 252 -~ Mr. Span’s Account of the Pitch-lake the ground witiin the crater. This lake is situated about a mile from the gulf, on an eminence, as I conceive, of from eighty to one hundred feet above the level of the sea. It is surrounded on all sides by high woods, except where it has been cleared for the cultivation of the sugar-cane; and in those places the soil has universally proved very fertile. It is the highest land in that quarter of the island. The lake is about a mile across, inter- sected every where by streams of pure, clear water, which abound with small fish. In many places, even in the centre of the lake, on the solid pitch, are spots having the appearance of so many islands, on which grow plants and shrubs of various kinds: among the rest is the wild pine-apple, or the pine in its natural state, in great abundance. Of this latter I have sent home a few plants to Mr. Edwards, who desired me, previous to my de- parture, to procure and forward him different kinds of pine plants from these islands. The banks of the rivulets are semi- circular, thus terminating at bottom in a crevice. The water aopn M of various depths, from two to ten feet; and the channels are continually fluctuating: one of eight or ten feet to-day, may tomorrow be entirely closed up, and others formed where yesterday was a solid mass of pitch. From this it appears, that the pitch itself is supported by a lake of water underneath ; but what the thickness or substance of the pitch may be, I can form no idea of. It has, however, evident- ly been the effect of subterraneous fire. I have been informed that the country on the sea-coast to windward of the lake abounds with coal; but I could not collect any | information how | far these veins extend towards the lake; nor have I ever seen any - specimens of this coal. | Dr. Anderson, the superintendant of tlie. botanical garden i in Bt. Vincent, who accompanied me on this expec lition, wrote an. account * in the Island of Trinidad. 233 account of this lake about twelve years ago, which was soon afterwards printed: I do not recollect how it made its appearance, but I think it was in the European Magazine :—it is, I believe, the only account of it ever published. j To make use of this pitch, it is necessary to boil it down with one tenth of oil or tallow. I remain, dear sir, &c. &c. : S. SPAN. To James Tobin, Esq. Bristol, m i l Bristol, Dec. 14, 1801: DEAR SIR, - | "Tur foregoing is a copy of a letter which I have received from an intelligent friend who has lately made a considerable purchase in the island of Trinidad. It may serve to furnish you with a tolerable idea of the very singular spot, known by the English inhabitants of that large and valuable island by the name of the Pitch-lake. Ihave accompanied this letter with some pieces of the mineral bitumen mentioned in it: they are not, however, the identical specimens theréin alluded to (which unfortunately fell into the hands of the Spaniards, by the capture of the ship they were on board of), but others, which Mr. Span. collected at the same time, although he did not take the same pains to discri- minate them. I have been more immediately induced to trouble you with this communication, as it appears from your very in- teresting paper in the 4th volume of the Linnean Transactions, . that you have bestowed a more than ordinary attention on this | particular branch of mineralogy. - I do not feel myself by any means qualified to enter ‘the Tate i with those naturalists who consider all bituminous substances as " originating 254 Mr. Towin’s Account of the Pitch-loke originating from organized bodies, once possessed of animal or vegetable life; yet I have no doubt, bút the discovery of such an extensive mass of bituminous matter existing in one of our own colonies, situated so near the equator, will contribute, in due time, to throw much additional light on a question of much importance in the natural history of our globe. From subsequent intelligence which I have procured c on the subject, I learn—that this lake (as it is called) is about three or four miles in circumference—that the water which intersects it sometimes forms small pools, as well as rills—that the immediate ` substratum of all the lands around it, to an unascertained di- stance, consists of the same bituminous substances, with a co- vering of from two to four feet thick, of good vegetable mould —that this bitumen runs under its coat of earth, from the bor- ders of. the lake to the sea, which in some places is above half a mile, and extends to an unknown distance under the ocean— that the cliffs forming the shore of this part of the gulf, which — in some places appear i in abrupt precipices, from fifty to a hun- dred feet high, are composed entirely of this bituminous mineral, in ahard, compact state, but covered with a stratum of earth unequally thick—that, notwithstanding the general opinion of the country gives a volcanic origin to this immense body of. bi- tuminous matter, no symptoms of heat are perceptible in any part of the lake ; not even in the hollows of the small tumuli (nere | erly | called craters), where this substance seems: to have ect tly thrown up: nor does there appear to be any thing. like scorive, or cinders, among: the specimens. which 1 have hitherto received, Eye | Undera an idea that this ‘information, defect. a it sm may prove acceptable to y you, 1 until a regular and | quiet. peer BP - this newly acquired i laud will furnish better opportunities to fu- -oo in the Island of Trinidad. 255 ture naturalists of examining so remarkable and interesting a place, with proper leisure and attention, I remain, dearsir, your most obedient servant, P J. Tonrx. Charles Hatchett, Esq. ae Observations by Mr. Hatchett. From the BRE letters, as well as from the account pub- lished by Dr. Anderson in the Philosophical Transactions for 1789, we learn, that the lake of bitumen in the island of Trini- dad. (known by the name of the Pitch- or Tar-lake, and called by the French: La Bray) is of considerable extent, and of an unknown depth *. Moreover, it appears that the general mass which forms this lake has been hitherto considered as simple bi- tumen more or less indurated. Dr. Anderson, however, observes, that he “ could make no impression on its surface without an axe, although at the depth of a foot he found it a little softer, with an oily appearance, in small cells." This degree of hard- ness certainly seems much more considerable than that of the unmixed indurated bitumens, and naturally leads toa suspicion, that the greater part of the bituminous mass in Trinidad is not (as has been supposed) simple mineral pitch | or asphaltum. Upon examining the specimens which Mr. Tobin had obliging- : ly sent to me, I found many of them very hard and difficult to - break; and when broken, they did not exhibit the lustre nor the conchoidal fracture of the simple bitumens. "The remaining spe- | cimens also, although easily broken, possessed still less of. the — —- # Philosophical Transactions, 1789, p. 67. t Ibid. di. 3b | puse = 256 Mr. Harcuertr’s Observations on the Pitch-lake pure bituminous characters ; for their fracture was earthy, and resembled some of the softer kinds of argillo-ferruginous stones. - The specific gravity, likewise, of these specimens is much su- . perior to that of the unmixed bitumens: two examples will be sufficient :—the specific gravity of the solid dark brown com- pact bitumen from Trinidad is 1,744, at temperature 65? of Fah- renheit, and that of one of the pale brown earthy specimens is 1,236 ;—on the contrary, the specific gravity of asphaltum is from 1,023, to 1,104, or 1,165: so that between the first sort and asphaltum (if we take 1,104 for the specific gravity) the. difference is ,640; and between the second sort and asphaltum, the difference is ,232. But even few of the mixed or impure bitumens are of so great - a specific gravity; for that of the heaviest of the coals noticed - by Mr. Kirwan is 1,426*:—he mentions indeed a spurious coal, the specific gravity of which, he says, is from 1,500 to 1,600, and. also a specimen of maltha of the specific gravity of 2,070: but this, from his own account, evidently is a limestone impregnated with bitumen; for a specimen examined by him only yielded 14 per cent. of bitumen, the remainder being “ calcareous. . stone T." The extraordinary hardness, the specific gravity, and in some measure the general external characters of the specimens which I had received from Mr. Tobin, induced me therefore to believe, that they did not merely consist of mineral pitch, or asphaltum ; not but that I had seen others sent from Trinidad, which com- pletely exhibited the various gradations from petroleum to as-| phaltum ; but the characters of the specimens in question were - different, and t therefore subjected them to a chemjaak examina- - tion. now 3 ide 1 ERIT Ce * Benea of MD voli p.59. — 4 - Di. RS p. 46. | E ' When ` in the Island of Trinidad. 257. When the dark-brown compact sort was distilled until the bulb. of the retort was red. hot, the 4 retained th figure ;—the same also took place ifa a. piece was. kept i in a red heat for some time in an open crucible. 250 grains of the original < substance thus lost 81 grains, — 32,40 per cent., the greatest part of which was bitumen; and when the pale-brown earthy sort was sub- _ jected to the same process, the loss on 250 grains was 91, — 36,40 - « per cent.;—so that the first left a residuum of 169 grains, and the second 159 grains. This residuum, or stone, was spongy, and easily broken ;—in an open fire it assumed an. ochraceous ap- -+ pearance, but was. internally | ian in consequence of the coal resulting. from the decomposed bitumen. "The stone. in. me cases was similar, excepting that the first sort was. imas E TW «100: parts: of it: afforded. —— «it omms Ant 15 : Silica eas E qii UE do eis Soh gleia Po Un qoe Live Mic UR ivt $ ` Oxide OF lom NTN moe" LAG m Carbonaceous matter, a estimation, - did not, however, repeat the analysis, and ther Bet cus o pror of the oo eer a oxide ofi iron as ith bi: jen i is totally Pur such-like. sub- x HE stances, nich tae peen festa rare’ noticed. z^ V M 2 The true external characters of this stone must, howevei remain in some. degree. uncertain, until specimens can be pro- ; cured which PUEDE: are unmixed with bitumen, or at least : are cUVOL. VIII. s du sil "y m cvba sud a= = only 258 Mr. HaTcuzrTT's Observations on the Pitch-lake only partially impregnated with it: but, as a conjecture, I shall venture to say, that I suspect it to be of the nature of the stone which is found with bitumen in Auvergne, and which is called by Born “a grayish compact lava *." The analysis of the stone of Trinidad which remains after the separation of the bitumen, accords with the prevalent soil of the island; for Dr. Anderson states that * the soil in general, for some distance round La Bray, is cinders and burned earths ; and where not so, it is a strong argillaceous soil." p. 69. In the latter part of the same page he also says, “ From every examination I have made, I find the whole island formed of an argillaceous earth, either in its primitive state, (by which he probably means common clay,) or under its different metamorphoses. ‘The bases of the mountains are composed of Schistus argillaceus and Tal- cum lithomargo." In almost all the species of the argillaceous genus, silica is known to predominate; and the stone impregnated with bitumen, which has been mentioned, evidently appertains to that genus, so asin some measure to approach the nature, but not the texture, of the bituminous slates. It is, however, remarkable, that in the more compact specimens of this sub- stance the bitumen so completely disguises the character of the stone, that it may easily be, and indeed has been taken for a va- .riety of asphaltum. Ihave already stated, that I have seen specimens from Trini- dad which exhibited the various gradations of petroleum into real asphaltum ; and from Dr. Andersons account, the liquid bitumen: or petroleum i is occasionally found: But this, as well - * Cube. de la Collection des Fossiles de Mademoiselle de Raab, tome i li. p. 77- + Besides this place (La Bray) where it is found in this solid state, it is found liquid in many parts of the woods; and at the distance of twenty miles from this, about ` two inches thick, in round boles of Hiree. or four inches. quunt and often at cracks or coim Tents. in the Island of Trinidad. 259 as the asphaltum, most probably occurs only in certain fissures and cavities; for, from the specimens noticed in the present pa- per, there is great reason to believe that a considerable part of that mass in Trinidad, which has been hitherto supposed to be pure mineral pitch or asphaltum, is in reality only a porous stone of the argillaceous genus, much impregnated with bitumen *. rents. This is constantly liquid, and smells stronger of tar than when indurated, and adheres strongly to any thing it touches; grease is the only thing that will divest the hands of it." Philosophical Transactions, 1789, p. 68. * Having acquainted Mr. Tobin with the result of my experiments, that gentleman in his answer. observes, “ I have indeed lately had reason to suppose that it could not be a perfect bitumen, from having been assured that it is made use of as a material Sor pavements, and that it Lears exposure to the heat of a tropical sun,” ET 2712 3 | IV. Description. a IV. Description of a new Species of Lichen. By Dawson T ihr er, Esq. F. R.S. A.S. and L.S. Read A pril 17, 1804. ' LICHEN PHÆOCEPHALUS. Licuen crustå e granuloså sub-foliaceá fuscescente; bacillis ni- ` gris; tuberculis rufo-fuscis, margine luteo-albicante,, ; v es E [ w Tan. VI. Fig. 1... F3 Innascitur horreorum- assibus apud Bruisyard in $ Lakenham in Norfolcià. —— i juffolcià, et Crusta latè effusa, crassiuscula, e granulis sub-gelatinosis, satis inagnis, incisis, folia'simi lantibus, madore diluté viridi-fuscis, - siccitate nigricantibus, dens congestis constans ; bacilla nigra, lineam fere alta, crusta , aut ne vix superantia, apice in tuberculum sub-rotundum, pulvere rufo-fusco repletum, et margine tenuissimo, albicante, vel luteolo cinctum, tumes- centia. Tuberculorum pulveris marginisque color in siccis madidisque idem. I should not trouble tl eL m nean Society with a description and figure of this single lic len, were it not for its close affinity to L. chrysocephalus, which I described in a former paper*. I re- garded that species as an interesting addition to. our Lichenogra- phia; but the present, whici 1 I have since been fortunate enough to find in two places, is still 1 nore interesting, on account of the singular nature of its crust. - In this respect it essentially differs * Linn. Trans, + vol. vii. p.88, Eu m - d pl ee from X. Z in ae. Zhen.s. VT. fa^ 6. », JD. . 26 "d Mr. 'l'ugNzEn's Description of a new Species of Lichen. 261° d from every other individual of the tribe, called by Acharius Ca- licium, and seems to afford an intermediate link between these and the very numerous but widely removed varieties of Lichen pyvidatus.. Tam acquainted with no species with which there is . a possibility of its being confounded. It grows on the sides of old barns, in large patches, conspicuous to the naked eye at a - distance, only from their black, almost sooty appearance, so that. it may easily be passed by as Lichen niger or wmbrinus. The peduncles hardly elevate themselves above the crust; the pow- . der with which the tubercles are filled is of a particularly dull though pleasing colour; but their thin, beautifully pale yellow, or whitish margin will not fail to attract attention as soon as the plant is carefully observed. However it may perplex the builder of a system, it is highly pleasing, as well as curious, to observe the gradations of Nature from the Calicium sessile, which, having no crust of its own, attaches itself to other species, and when found on Lichen pertusus forms the Lichen gelasinatus of Wither- ing, to the present species, which, from its fruit, must necessa- rily be placed in the same subdivision, but at the same time is, in point of crust, almost sufficiently removed to require its. being arranged in a different genus. 'The real observer of Nature, who studies her in the open air, must be prepared at every step to meet with difficulties of this kind, which are unknown indeed to him who frames theories only in his closet, but which, at the same time that they convince him of his ignorance, impress upon his mind the most sublime ideas of the wonders of the creation, . and lead him necessarily to the true object of natural history—the _ adoration of his Maker in the works. of His Hand. e Yarmouth, March 31, 1804. V, Account - ( 362.) Y. Account of crystallized Owalic Acid produced from the Boletus | ~ sulphureus. By Robert Scott, M.D. of Dublin. .. Communicated ^y Dawson Turner, Esq. F.R.S. A.S. and L. S.. Read May 1, 1804. I MET with the S Boles sulphireus abit the middi al [Aug in a young state, growing on the trunks of old decaying cherry . trees. Having preserved a specimen, l after some time found a singular crystallization on the upper surface; and which may be — observed to have ruptured the investing coats of that surface. ‘These needle-like crystals were formed on the fungus, in con- sequence of its drying only, as none were observable while. it remained on the tree. ‘That they are pure-oxalic acid, or at least combined with a. very small portion of - "vegetable fixed alkali, is arido from the taste, and by the tests of solutions of- lime and barytes. The fungus, after being freed from. the saline matter, - was distilled in an earthen retort, during which a quantity of watery fluid came over—a thick tar-like extractive matter—car- bonic acid gas—carbonated hydrogenous gas—and lastly, hy- drogenous gas. It was not observed whether azotic gas was - among the first. products ; but it probably was, as the watery | fluid "which came over in distillation contained- ammonia, which appeared by. the odour:and the fumes that were exhibited on - = Bolding a paper moistened with diluted muriatic acid over a mix- ture of the former with quick lime. The coaly residuum, when: burnt in the open ain, afforded by li xiviätion some “vegetable fixed alkali. . Sx = . That Account of Ozalic. Acid produced from a Boletus | 25 — - "That the oxalic acid is produced or evolved i in the course. of. that P» — fonnd i in many of the ‘fatigue tate, (which po hisha been mesh to dion uce id an pane a salt, and Len of osalie acid: in this. fu ungus fight depend 'o on its f place of growth, or soil, as it may be termed, I cannot say ; pit it is worth ven to repeat the observation on u.c img. similar- ( 26 ) VI. Observations respecting a Species of Phalarope, and some other — rare British Birds. By Mr. T. W. Simmonds. Communicated - by Adrian Hardy Haworth, Esq. F.L.S. Sra AÁ c co Read June 19, 1804. : Tur following observations are humbly offered to the Linnean Society, but with sincere regret that they are not either more nu- merous or important. They were made during a voyage in which I had the honour to accompany Mr. Robert Stevenson, ` civil engineer, of Edinburgh, on his annual inspection of the northern lighthouses. . PHaraARoPus WILLIAMSII. | Ph orbitis albis, capite fusco vel cinereo. | rien 7 inches. Bill inch, tapering, slender, acute, bend- ing downwards at the point. Feet black, compressed. Toes united as far as the first, second, and third joints of the inner, middle, and outermost toes respectively; the remaining part of the toes webbed ; the margins of the web scolloped, and some- whit of a a pectinated bd it c" black. Eyelids white. Mas. ees es and back dusky-brown : : feathers of dii front " margined with light rusty and white. Fore part of the neck and breast variegated with cinereous, very pale rusty and white. On each side of the neck a pale ferruginous spot. Chin, throat, n and under tail i- çoverts i RU. The least wing coverts, | 2S long Mr. Stmmonps’s Observations on:some British Birds. 265 long secondaries, and upper tail coverts, margined with light rusty. Quill feathers black. Greater wing ¢overts, and se- condary quill feathers, tipped with white, thus forming a bar on the wings. Under wing coverts pale, cinereous, or white. "Tail feathers ten: two middle feathers longer, black ; the others cine- reous, tipped, and margined with white, as are also the lateral tail coverts. | | Fomina. 6 . Head dusky black. Throat white. On the fore part of the neck a deep ferruginous red spot, extending upwards, on each side of the neck, towards the head, and thus nearly encircling the neck, but intercepted by a very narrow streak of dark cinereous, which is continued from the head to the back. The dusky streaks on the back much fewer, and more pale; the cinereous colour ev ery where much darker. From this imperfect description, it may be perceived that the male of this species agrees with the Red Phalarope, var. A. of Dr. Latham, which is figured in the frontispiece of the 5th vol. ; of his Synopsis. The figure and general description agree exact- ly; butthe words * an irregular large spot of a deep ferrugi- nous colour" seem more applicable to the colour of the neck of the female. The Vesp cgi of the Red Phalarope differs, a as ai size sr that is greater, and * through the eye, from the base of the bill ‘there is a dusky streak passing PEE which is not the case with any of these specimens. | | It might have been dou bted that the feinale was more beauti- ful, and even somewhat larger, than the male, had not the size, &c. of the sexual organs been sufficiently evident to oe the dio of a mistake. -ii 1336 y. HR uio Ae xa VOL. VIII. I. p, Six 266 Mr. Stumonvs’s Observations Six females and two males were dissected. From the small size of the ovaria, the thickness and length of the oviduct of the female, and large flaccid testes of the male, it was concluded that the eggs had not been long laid, and that the males were not young ones, as their less bright prinage at first gave reason to suspect. i From the deficiency of feathers on the belly of the male, from the duller plumage, from the very few that appeared, and from the difficulty which these required to be driven from those tufts where the nests perhaps were, Would it be absurd to suppose that the males alone perform the business of incubation ? These birds were found at the edge of two or three fresh-water lakes in Sanda and North Ronee Ss the two most northern = the Orkney islands. Inthe stomachs of several were found the remains of mono- culi and onisci. As none of the inhabitants had observed them before, they had no provincial name, nor was it possible to 7 . ascertain whether. they frequented any of the other islands. It is much more to be regretted that the search after their nests was not attended with the desired success. fec If upon more accurate inquiry this should prove to be a new species, perhaps there would be no objection to the name Williamsii, as it is to the liberality of Mr. J. Williams, of Dartford, that I am indebted for the discovery. > TRINGA ALPINA, Padi on athe islands of South Ronaldsha and Sanda, and at Loch Strathbeg, near Frazerburgh, Aberdeenshire. = — — Nest, with Charadrius hiaticula and Tringa vanellus, composed of dried tufts of Juncus squarrosus deposited in a slight hole in the aes Eggs tap ees e irregularly marked with ESL | ix light be on some rare British Birds. 267 light and darker brown NM rne more Bnet and et at the smaller end. aAA Is PARASITICUS. Found on Eia Isle of Glass, or Scalpa, most plentifully. Several varieties were examined, and confirmed the remark, that there is no external mark of distinction between the sexes. Nest upon the slope of a marshy hill, composed of dried grass. Eggs very light brown, marked imegnlariy with deep-seated dark brown blotches. : : LARUS TRIDACTYLUS. On the Isle of Glass, Troup Head, Fowls heaugh, near Mon- trose, Isle of Bass, in the Forth. Nest composed. of dried conferva. Eggs white, with black and brown spots. The young are brought to Edinburgh market, with the gannet, and sold as articles of food. Larus MARINUS. Observed on the Isle of Glass, Te lau ARGENTATUS. - bos -Plentiful at Tester! idum ey, in the Firth of Clyde; n no other gulls, not even the mottled a" of their own species, on the island. | 2 LARUS FUSCUS. | About a mile South of Troup Head, also on South Ronaldsha, Pentland Skerrie, and Copinsha. On many remote rocks were mottled varieties of gulls, but none any where near us — places. | 2x2 E oko 268 Mr. Stmmonns’s Observations CHARADRIUS CALIDRIS. I observed this species at the Mull of Cantire. 2d June. ANAS MOLLISSIMA. Most plentiful, it is said, at Papa Westray. I found a nest at Pentland Skerrie, very near-the lighthouse. Mercus SERRATOR. On the fresh-water lochs in the Isle of Glass. "This specimen agrees with the description of the adult male, except that the head is variegated with dull ferruginous. The trachea determined the species and sex. Mercus MERGANSER. It will perhaps appear presumption to attempt to remove those doubts respecting el and the Dun-Diver, which have so long existed. The following reasons seem almost convincing that tbe M. Mer- ganser and Castor are merely varieties of the same species, de- pending upon the age and sex. The trachee of the males, the vertebrze of the neck (which vary much in aquatic birds), and the intestines, in structure, number, and dimensions, are ex- actly similar in both. One specimen, shot last April, resembled in general plumage the .M. Castor, except that there was little or no crest, and the head was much variegated with black. "Two. specimens of M. Merganser, and two of M. Castor, now at Edinburgh, have each only eighteen feathers in the tail. This bird is not scarce in Scotland during the winter season. It is called the Skeldrake, and is confounded probably with Anas Tadorna, which is more frequently met with in summer. _ TETRAO: on some rare British Birds. 269 - TzrRAo Tetrix. The trachea is considerably enlarged at the division of the bronchie ; the enlargement is not bony, like the labyrinths of some of the Duck genus, but soft and pulpy. As Dr. Latham seems to think that there is no peculiarity of structure in the trachea of any of the British Grous*, perhaps this may be a disease, though it has not much of that appearance; if not, it is a singular lusus nature. * Linn. Trans. vol, iy. p. 100. VII. 4n ( 270 ) vi. “An Account of some remarkable Shells, found in | Cavities of a calcareous Stone called by the Stone-masons Plymouth-rag. By William George Maton, M.D. V.P.L.S. $c. and the Rev. Thomas Rackett, A.M. F.L.S. $c. With some additional Ob- servations relative to the Mytilus lithophagus, by Mr. James Sowerby, F.L.S. Read June 5, 1804. Tue specimen of the stone above alluded to, which was lately presented to the Linnean Society by Mr. James Sowerby, and which, from containing some shells that appeared to be of a doubtful species, was referred to us by the President for exa- - mination, is of a deep ashen hue, variegated with red, and con- tains a multitude of smooth regular cavities formed by Mytilus lithophagus. It was accidentally noticed by Mr. Sowerby, as it lay for the repair of aroad, in the suburbs of London. Making inquiries among the stone-masons in his neighbourhood, he was informed by them that it was brought from Plymouth: but this they seem to have inferred from no other circumstance besides its resemblance to a stone procured from a ridge of rocks in the vi- cinity of that town; and it has not been possible to ascertain positively whence it first came. After we have given some ac- count of the shells contained in it, there will appear a great im- probability of its being procured from any part of our own island, (unless indeed from some spot on the coast, where it may have been left after it had served the purpose of ballast,) for but | | : one Account of some remarkable Shells. 271 one of these shells has hitherto had any mes claim to be considered as a native of Great Britain. — sedi The species which principally tini the notice . of the members present, and which, from its singularity, was the cause of the fragment of stone being presented to the society: by Mr. Sowerby, we find, after due examination, to be no other than the Mytilus lithophagus, of Linnzus,—a well known shell, and described very fully by many different authors, in consequence of its remarkable property of perforating rocks and other stony bodies. The circumstances which at first seemed to authorise its being considered a distinct species are two beak-like pro- cesses, (one from the extremity of each valve), apparently form- ing a part of the valves themselves, and crossing each other in some degree like the two mandibles of the bird called by Lins neus Lovia curvirostra, or Cross-bill. On separating the valves, however, these processes prove to be wholiy external and adven- titious, and the valves to be ** extremitatibus utrinque rotundatis," the words employed by Linnzus to characterize the true Mytilus lithophagus, which thus often acquires an inseparable calcareous coating, during the solvent process it employs for forming cavities in that kind of stone. The shell is very accurately figured with these artificial appendages in the 221st plate of the Tableau En- cyclopédique,. article Vers Testacées (fig. 8. a. 8. .) One or two of the specimens, however, differ from the ordinary Mytilus li- thophagus (the shape of which is pretty exactly cylindrical) in having a sort of angular protrusion on one side; this is a devia- tion from regularity of outline common among the Mytili, and does not appear to us to warrant the construction of a new spe- cies. It was noticed by Gualtieri, who, in figuring three speci-- mens of Mytilus lithophagus (tab. 90. PA D.) has repaid one el hefi form we allude to. Da E 212 Mr. SowegnBY's Observations -Some of the fragments of stone in the possession of Mr. — Sowerby contain another species of Mytilus, which evidently in- truded itself into the cavities made by the former, for it does not fit those cavities, any more than the Ostrez hereafter to be de- scribed; this species is the Mytilus bidens (of the Syst. Nat.) figured in Chemnitz's Conchilien Cabinet, t. 83. f. 743. In some of the cavities are valves of Ostrea Ephippium, of a very diminutive size however, and to be considered as a variety of that species, for they do not assume the very curved form which gave rise to the trivial name. There are also, among these intruders into the : habitations of Mytilus lithophagus, the Mya dübia of Pennant, and the Arca reticulatu of Gmelin, besides three other species of Testacea, which we at present forbear to make any reportupon, not having quite satisfied ourselves whether they be not hitherto un- described. Suffice it to say, that one of them approaches to the . Ostrea Perna of Linnzus; and there is a species of Venus (of a cardoid form), which is rather too much worn and damaged to admit of being accurately and perfectly described, but which, from appearing to form a cavity for itself in a manner similar to the other lithophagous Testacea, deserves to be particularly exa- mined. Bt -Additional Observations relative to the Ar llophagus REE ate ae Sowerby. ` eaters ^g BEG Nadel to e biii thè Tiap Sodat a desgtiptión of the difference that exists between the Mytilus lithophagus and the shell of that kind which I. itis had the honour to present to the Society. — en Gmelin's description of Mytilus lithophagus i is y Biete ** testa | "bung tide relative to the Mytilus lithophagus. 273 nonnunquam pollicem lata et ultra 3 longa, Maris Mediterranei fra- gilt, Indici coriacea, stris transversis arcuatis exarata, nigra, badia aut virescente, intus opalino-cerulescente, albido-argentea, aut mar- garitacea." Linneus does not mention these strig, and he quotes Rumpfius's figure, which does not express. them; but perhaps we may say it is scarcely worth quoting. I had not an immediate opportunity of examining his other quotations. Re-. specting the shells which I had, the honour of presenting to the Society, Dr. Maton, V.P.L.S. and the Rev. Mr. Rackett, F.L.S. _ have been so good as to give their opinion, in a very learned. . and ingenious paper, which appears to show that those are va- rieties of M. lithophagus. We do not mean to contradict such great authority ; but having the opportunity of comparing them "by our usual aid of drawings, we avail ourselves of a- vacant spill in £e Liners S Buont, adii the whole: to th ae "Three o or v years since, 1found sibobgr some stones (perhaps ballast) at the Wapping-docks, a fragment of a calcareous rock. ` I detached a piece, to examine the nature of the perforations, and found that the Mytilus lithophagus (the striated one here figured) filled some of them. "These stones appeared to have lain some time out of their proper element ; for the animals had apparently been dissolved. by putrefaction so long since, that no smell remained. "Phe shells were mostly mutilated: however, . upon diligent search, I found. one or two sufficient to examine as | to the species, and found them to agree with the description of Gmelin as above, and with his reference to the figure of our ac- -curate countryman Lister. In the spring of 1804, some stones — (seemingly ballast stones) were laid in Tothill-fields, Where, $ 2 © found those which I presented to the- Linnean Society. "These, besides a striking ae pecting!y owe MA ide. T = vor. vir aru - Aud fig uti tec! 274 | Dr. Maton’s Note relative to the the shell and epidermis, are entirely destitute of strie. We say no more on the subject at present, as the knowledge possessed by the two gentlemen mentioned above, renders them more able . to add what is further necessary. They will no doubt settle it most ably, and I have. promised. to. assist iù making drawings to elucidate their former paper. lf the Society should think it useful, I will add more finished drawings of the Mytilus litho- phagus striatus, by which name I will now distinguish one. The annexed outlines are pen sufficient to soi gee: the pissed Tas. VI. Fig. 2. Mytilus lithophagus striatus. | Fig. 3. A shell without the strie, and with the calcareous ap- pendages at the top. Tig. 4. One of the same, with the calcareous appendage Beinta ed, to show that it has not the transverse strig. ; | ME 5. The inside of the same. s s Note ly Dr. Maton. : ah strie alluded io i Mr. Sowerby, and described i in the Systema Nature, by Gmelin, did not escape the attertion of Linneus, v ho, in kis description of Mytilus lithophagus, in the [useum Ludovice Ulrice Regine, makes use of the following words, 1 viz. ‘oblique dimidiato transversim striata.” These words apply to the striated appearance, much more precisely than his editor’s, and indeed are as aptly descriptive of it as possible, which will be discov ed by parse: su wide = | meii s Emo d] cS ace Soe figure — Strie on the Mytilus lithophagus. 215 figure (2). The strie, however, do not form any part of the specific-characters, as given either by Linnzus, or by Gmelin, and do not therefore seem to us to warrant any other scientific distinction being founded on their absence than that of a variety, especially as in other particulars all the specimens . figured by Mr. Sowerby closely correspond. g K 2 VHE | Account (216. ) VIH. Account of the Bromus triflorus of Linneus, in a Letter to Alecander M*Leay, Esq. Sec. L.S. By James Edward Smith, M. D. F.R:S. P.L.S. _ Read Denar 4, 1804. | $ ae Norwich, Dec. 1 1804. DEAR SIR, | : Mr. Crowe has this autumn discovered a grass « on his estate at Saham, Norfolk, about twenty-six miles from Norwich, which is new to our British Flora, and indeed very little known to bota- nists in general, the Bromus triflorus of Linnus, first mentioned by him in the 2d edition of Species Plantarum, 115. . No specimen of this grass is to be found in the Linnzan herba- > mum. d appears to have been described on the authority of zs Forskahl, as being found:in Denmark. The only synonym is that of Scheuchzer, p. 511. t. 5. f. 19, from which authority it should seem to have been that Germany was also mentioned as its place of growth. Linnzus in his oe has added a guanti of Fl. Danica, t. 440. T 2 adn. Danish specimens, collected by my late fend Mr. | ephen Delessert, jun., which exactly accord with the above- and descriptions, and which, are doubtless rus. Mr. Crowe's specimen no less exactly agrees | bape. to be able another season to obtain a supply stion of the Linnean Society and my.friends. — Some later. synonyms. of the grass in question are intei àn- | © soaks Pollich and NEU: are des em in | Reichard’s Systema - oe nee = So — Plantarum, | with mine. for the col Dr. Surrn's Account of the Bromus triflorus. 277 Plantarum, as well as Reyger and Moench. The two latter I have not consulted. Pollich’s synonym is doubtful, because he describes the awn of the lowermost floret as springing from the top of the glume, that of the next from the back, and those of the third and fourth florets, if there be more than three, which "often happens, from the base. I find them all: nearly terminal. This author, though an accurate observer, affords a lamentable example of want of botanical philosophy, as well as neglect of the Linnean rule, respecting natural genera, which I have often had occasion of late to mention, in saying that the above dif- ferences in the insertion of the awns might perhaps serve to mark this grass as a new genus. | "his circumstance ought rather to have taught him, that the insertion of the awn is not infal- Jible as marking a genus at all; on which subject I havealready, in the 4th volume of our Transactions, ventured to offer some hints, proposing the strongly fringed or pectinated inner glume sas a much better generic mark of Bromus. For this reason I cannot but consider the plant now before us as a Festuca, its inner glumes being finely downy at the edge, as in that genus, - not fringed, nor are the awns always inserted below the c Sométimes they are as perfectly terminal as in any Festuca. _ The synonym of Haller, “ Bromus pauiculá. lava, diui: quia = d ifloris, brevissimà aristatis, Hall. Helv. No. 1511,” is adopted by Reichard, on the authority of Moench, but it is pointed out by the suggestion of Haller himself. His description, | however, par- ticularly the short awns, and his quotation of Scheuchzer, t. 5. f- 18, as well asof Ray, evidently belong rather to Festuca ela- tior. I should without scruple have rejected Haller’s synonym, but for a specimen in Mr. Davall’s herbarium, gathered by his — friend Mr. Du Cros, and marked ** Bromus, H. 1511, var. minor, longis aristata.” This’ specimen is Bromus Ee Probably t EU D | therefore XE AE EUN ER E 278 Dr. Suiru's Account of the Bromus triflorus. therefore the Swiss botanists may have confounded them, though the two plants seen together are extremely unlike each other. I have, in the collection of Mr. Davall, a regular series of Haller's grasses by themselves, all numbered, by what authority I know not, in which No. 1511. is Festuca elatior, and No. 1510. Bromus triflorus; but the description and synonyms of Haller certainly belong to B. giganteus of Linnaeus, my Festuca gigantea, a. plant nearly allied indeed to that of which 1 have been treating, both in generic and specific characters, but, I think, distinct. I shall conclude by remarking that the ric and. interesting Flora of Switzerland, though admifabl y illustrated by Haller, as far as his own observation went, requires great corrections with regard to synonyms. To this subject my lamented friend, to whose herbarium I have referred above, had given great at- tention, but he left it incomplete. When I have made ‘good some prior engagements, I hope to communicate the fruit of . — Mr. Davall's labours and my own, in some shape or other, to the world. | LT remain, dear sir, faithfully yours, J E. SMITH. | IX : Description ac s at ; E AFLA h Bog LA E ( 119.) n-- AX. Sad E estt uc IX. Ei n of a Species of Jerboa, found in the upper "Pi vinces of Hindustan, between Benares and Hurdwar. By Lieut. Col. Thomas Hardwicke, F.L.S. ; id December 18, 1804. _Dievs 1xpicvs. Diev ! actylis, plantis pentadactylis, cauda elon- “gata apice floccosA fusca, corpore fulvo lineolis fuscis, - Tas. Vil The provincial name of this animal is Fleimin allading to its colour, which is that of the common antelope, so numerous on the plains of Hindustan, and there called Hepeen: Moos is the name for a rat. It is about the size of the common house-rat; its head large in proportion to the body; ears large, rounded, erect, naked, — or very obscurely hairy; nose much rounded, furnished with nu- ` merous long fine hairs or whiskers; the upper jaw longer by half an inch-than the lower: ; upper lip slit. In each jaw are two in- cisores ; those of the lower twi e length of the upper ones, which are broader, and longitudi furrowed. Eyes large and of a shining black; legs unequal the fore legs one- third shorter than the hind ones, with orward, and a small tubercle in the place of a thumb. ~ et - toes, the three middle ones twice the length of those o feet; the exterior lateral] toe hardly ha: the length of the Bi. = dle $280 — Lieut. Col. Harpwickk’s Description dle ones; and the interior toe.still shorter. "The nails or claws slender, awl-shaped, white; the feet thinly- covered with soft hair... Length of the animal from nose to tail six inches and an half; length of the tail seven. inches, its form cylindrical, but . . tapering, thinly covered with short hair to within the last two inches, and ending with a compressed tuft of long dark brown soft hair. The prevailing colour is a bright bay, mixed on the upper parts of the body- with pencil-like strokes of dark- brown, longitudinally disposed ; the head is. of a lighter colour, - particularly about the eye and lower parts of the cheeks; all the under parts are white, and the hair at the roots of a soft, "— nature, and ash-coloured. - yeu ; In weight this animal seldom exceeds five ounces. “The figure accompanying this paper is the natural size of a male sce which weighed 4 ounces 12 drachms, avoirdupoise. ——— | - These animals are very numerous about cultivated lands, "nd | particularly: destructive to wheat aud. barley crops, of which. they lay up considerable hoards, in spacious. burrows, near the scenes of their plunder. "They cut the culms of the ripening corn just beneath the ears, and convey them thus entire to. one .com- mon subterraneous repository, which, when filled, they. carefully close, and do not open for use till supplies abroad become distant. and scarce. Grain of all kinds is their favourite food; but, in de- - fault of this, they have recourse to the roots of grass and other vegetables. About the close of day, they issue from their bur-. ` . rows, and traverse the plains in all directions, to a considerable. distance ; they run fast, but oftener leap, making bounds of four. or five yards at a time, carrying the tail extended in a horizontal. direction. When eating, they sit on their hind. legs like a squir- rel, holding the food between their fore feet. They never appear. by day, neither do hey commit t- depoeduboni within doors. ode RES : sides : have of a Species of Jerboa. — 281 have observed their manners by night, in moonlight nights, taking my station on a plain, and remaining for some time with as little motion as possible. I was soon surrounded by hundreds at the distance of a few yards; but on rising from my seat, the whole disappeared in an instant, nor did they venture forth again for ten minutes after, and then with much caution and circum- spection. A tribe of low Hindus, called Kinjer; whose occupation is hunting, go in quest of these animals at proper seasons, to plun- der their hoards of grain; and often, within the space of twenty yards square, find as much corn in the ear as could be crammed into a common bushel. They inhabit dry situations, and are often found at the distance of some miles out of the reach of water to drink. In confinement this animal soon becomes re- conciled to its situation, and docile; sleeps much in the day, but when awake feeds as freely as by night. The Hindus above mentioned esteem them good and: nutritious food. Ath VOL. VII. 20 — X. Characters ( 282 ) | X. Characters of three w Species of Boronia. By James. Edward Smith, M.D. F.R.S. P.L.S.. Read ret 18, 1804.. Amone a number of new or rare plants, with whel Mr. Men- zies has enriched my herbarium from the western coast of New Holland, arg three species of Boronia, all hithertonondescript, of which I beg leave to offer some account to. the Linnean Society. This beautiful genus was first published i in my Tracts on Na- tural History, in 1798, p.287. Four species are there described and figured, of wbich the B. pinnata alone has been mentioned . by any other writer, being the only species hitherto seen alive in Europe. Of this Mr. Andrews has. published a figure in his Botany, and Mons. Ventenat has also given a figure and descrip- tion of the same in his Jardin de la Malmaison. It is remarkable that B. serrulata has not yet been introduced into our gardens, being plentiful, and much admired, at Port Jackson, and pro- bably not difficult to. be raised from seed. The essential generic character of Boronia, consisting in the anthere being situated each on a peculiar slender footstalk, quite distinct from the proper filament, and inserted somewhere about the blunt or glandular top of that part, is confirmed by these 1 new ‘Species, all of which. have. the same structure, only differing among each other as species. ofa good natural genus usually do. differ in the particular conformation of that part, whatever it may be, whose general figure marks the generic. cha- racter. Dr. Smirn’s Characters of three new Species of Boronia. 283 racter. These three new species, moreover, differ so much among themselves, as well as from the other four, in the form of this leaves, and yet the whole seven have so general a conformity in those organs in some respects, that the most elegant specific cha- racters, as well as specific names, are easily deduced. from thence. It will be best to exhibit the characters of the whole at one view, in order to show how they differ, as well as to make some slight corrections in those species already published. / * Foliis compositis. — 1. BORONIA. pinnata, foliis impari-pinnatis. integerrimis gla- bris, pedunculis axillaribus dichotemis, filamentis apice obtusis glandulosis. Tracts, t. 4. Andrews, t. 58. Venten. Malmais. t. 38, Gathered near Port Jackson, by Dr. White. k. . , 2, Bononra alata, foliis impari-pinnatis crenatis: rachi- git så, pedunculis dichotomis, filamentis iiem antheris subter- minalibus. Discovered at King George's Sound, on the west coast of New Holland, latitude 35°, by Mr. Archibald Menzies, F.L.S.». This appears by the dried specimens to be a larger and some- what more handsome shrub than even the preceding. It differs in having hairs on the ie branches, as well as on the common foot- stalk of the leaves underneath, particularly at the joints. That part is also much more winged. ‘The leaflets, mostly five pair, are broad, elliptical, revolute and crenate, hairy at the back of the nerve. Bunches of flowers nearly terminal, hairy, with fringed - bracteæ. Flowers larger than in B. pinnata; their petals whitish . on the upper side. Filaments fringed all the way up, each ter- — minating in a round knob, nearly on the top of which stands the ! sender capillary stalk bearing the anthere. Ea te 202 ** Foliis 284 Dr. Smiru’s Characters of three new Species of Boronia.. ** Foliis simplicibus. 9. Boronta serrulata, foliis trapeziformibus acutis inzequali- ter serrulatis, pedunculis ageregatis terminalibus, filamentis apice cordatis hispidis. Tracts, t. 5. Sent by Dr. White, with coloured drawings, from Port Jack- son. k . 4. Bonowra crenulata, foliis obovatis mucronulatis crenulatis, pedunculis axillaribus terminalibusque unifloris, filamentis apice obtusis glandulosis. Gathered at King George's Sound, by Mr. Menzies. p. At first sight this appears only a small variety of the last, the leaves especially being but about one third the size of those of that species; but, on examination of the flowers, sufficient marks of distinction are to be found. Even the leaves differ es- sentially in being obovate, obtuse with a small point, and crenu- lated, not serrated, about the extremity. The flower-stalks are axillary as well as terminal, all situated towards the top of the branches, and all ‘simple and single-flowered. Flowers small, red, with a fringed calyx. Filaments densely fringed, obtuse (by no means inversely heart-shaped, which is so remarkable i in B. serrulata), glandular, scarcely at all bristly, bent and swelling ' below the top, the footstalks of the anthere nearly terminal. 5. Boronta denticulata, foliis linearibus denticulatis, pedun- : es corymbosis, filamentis apice obtusis glandulosis. Gathered at King George's Sound, by Mr. Menzies. p. . This approaches more to the habit of the following, B. parvi- flora, but is larger in allits parts. The leaves are much narrower than in any other known species, being quite linear, about an inch long, smooth, bluntish, though for the most part tipped vith a small point, their eine fiunt] closely, and finely | toothed; Dr. Surru’s Characters of three new Species of Boronia. 285 toothed; the base tapers down into a sort of footstalk. The flowers grow in axillary or terminal corymbi, with smooth stalks and small deciduous bractee. Calyx smooth. Petals of a pale rose-colour, with a dark-red rib. Filaments slightly fringed, their top obtuse, glandular, destitute of hairs. Anthere on lateral horizontal stalks. 6. Boronia parviflora, foliis obovato-lanceolatis obsoleté cre- natis, pedunculis unifloris, filamentis apice oblongis glandulosis. Tracts, t. 6. Gathered near Port Jackson, by Dr. White. r 7. Boronta polygalifolia, foliis lineari-lanceolatis integerrimis, pedunculis axillaribus solitariis unifloris, filamentis Spies abbre- viatis obtusis. Tracts, t. T. : | Gathered near Port Jackson, by Dr. White. X. i What is chiefly remarkable in this last species, besides its being herbaceous, is the diversity in the situation of the leaves, some of which, and consequently the flowers, are alternate, others opposite, or even three together, on different branches from . thesame root. I have remarked other instances in New Holland plants of a similar irregularity, some "E eas E wn n a future. DD. e of retur mud BHL: Norwich, Dec. 17; 1804. I XI. An €«-998 ) XI. An Account of a Storm of Salt, which fell in January, 1808. By Richard Anthony Salisbury, Esq. F.R.S. and L.S. | Read February 5, 1805. Peruaps there never was any period, gentlemen, in which the science of natural history, in all its various branches, received such ample additions, and solid improvements, as during the few years that you have associated for the purpose of promoting it. How rare and valuable your several communications have been, appears from the very high character your Transactions . now universally hold, and which allows me to indulge the pleas- ing fancy, that the genius of that immortal master whose name we are distinguished by, will still hover round us. Professor Swartz, in his Prodromus, has taken a very appropriate motto from the sacred writings, and flatters this country so far as to use the English translation. Many shall run to and fro, and knowledge shall abound, is the passage he quotes; but the extraordinary fact which I have now to relate to you, pera that ee is yet to be learnt at home. 3 . On the 14th of January, 1803, I observed an east window of my house, which had been cleaned a few days before, covered on the outside with an apparent hoar frost. When the servant . who was sent to remove it, came and told me it was salt, I was . astonished, and still more so, upon going out, to find this sub- stance almost as abundantly deposited in the garden and neigh- bouring fields. I was totally at a loss to account for so curious and | Mr. SALISBURY’ Account of a Storm of Salt. 287 and unusual a phenomenon, and the next morning, with my gun in my hand, I walked over a circuit of twenty miles, before I ventured to trust the evidence of two of my senses, and bring some branches from the hedges, still salt, to Sir Joseph Banks. He immediately removed most of my difficulties, by suggesting that this salt must have been taken up from the sea by the gale of wind, which had blown with great force from the east during most of the preceding week, and he honoured me with his com- mand diligently to examine the effects of this storm upon vege- tation the ensuing year: the ogee. are such observations as I was able to make. . The garden at Mill Hill is alt sheltered from the east: of - course less damage happened to the trees and shrubs in it, than in many that were more exposed. The Cedars of Libanus suffer- ed considerably: m one near the house, all the branches on the east side became brown, and continued so til the middle of May, when they put forth their new verdure very sparingly, the ends of a great number being entirely destroyed. The Cembra Pines and Pinasters also looked more than usually brown, losing their old foliage earlier in the summer. Near Hendon there is a row of Weymouth Pines and Spruce Firs, from 50 to 60 feet high, planted alternately in a rich deep soil: though this spot is parti- cularly sheltered from the east by the opposite woods, the branches of Weymouth Pines on that side were defoliated from the bottom to the top, while the Spruce Firs remained uninjured.. The Scotch Fir, when exposed to the full force of this wind, ap- peared not exempt from damage, and this was no where more: conspicuous than upon Hounslow-Heath; but what is remark- able, some of the clumps there wholly escaped, although no ob- vious reason occurs from their situation, why they should not all have suffered alike. "The Portugal Laurel seems the next ever- green. 288 Mr. SazispBUnv's Account of a Storm of Salt. green materially injured by this Salt Wind, all the leaves exposed to it being more or less scorched, and in some places even the tops of the branches mortified. The Furze of our commons, if I may judge from the east side being invariably most decayed, is also affected by it, yet I saw this plant in abundance in De- vonshire and Cornwall, where it must perpetually be exposed to such blasts. | The farthest place to the westward that I visited the following summer was Bulstrode, where many of the trees had suffered severely: from thence to the mouth of the Thames, the last place where this wind could have taken up any salt spray, can- not be a less distance than seventy miles. In travelling through part of Essex so late as September, the effect of the Salt Wind was still more and more evident as the sea was approached. About South End, I was told the Hollies had been nearly de- foliated, and even the Oaks and Ashes then appeared to have fewer leaves on their east than west sides. The Laurustinusses generally seemed burnt as if by fire, with scarce any symptoms of vegetation in their upper branches. I looked in vain for the Bay-tree during my wholeride. - — —. — |. |: As for the more tender esculent vegetables, few escaped; the first crop, of Peas, Beans, Early Radishes, and young Lettuces, being generally destroyed. Of our garden flowers, Ranunculusses instantly perished ; but their relations in natural affinity, Winter Aconites and Anemonies, as 1 have since had an opportunity of remarkiag, are not at all affected by this wind. Snowdrops, Cro- cusses, Hyacinths, and Narcissusses are also insensible of its in- fluence. Those plants that flourish near the sea were naturally protected. The beautiful Cypress, Red Cedar, Evergreen Oak, Arbutus, Myrtle, Phillyrea, Alaternus, Rosemary, Lavender, and, I believe, Laurel are of this number. Wheat also - escaped, | ! which Mr. Savtssunv's Account of ia Storm of Salt. 289 which it is well knowin: ripe in fields dedi open to the sea. ip vod Md SGF ‘TIA et ete EG ipag x . de uot find bdhabs any: satidebab of thesé Salt W indi; bi lien panien recorded;. yet I fear they: visit us: annually... Last: year, 31804, I again observed one on the 11th. and 12th of: February, Vhile at Norwich with our President: this also reached Middle- © sex, most of the Peas which had previously survived the cold of 14 degrees of Fahrenheit' thermometer, being on those nights cut off under a much higher temperature. _ That it is the Salt merely, and not the Cold, which produces these deleterious effects upon so great a number of vegetables, is fully confirmed by a similar wind noticed by Sir Joseph Banks, some years ago, in Lincolnshire: it was early in September, and blew very steadily for four or five days due east, when every leaf on that side of the trees and hedges became brown. Were a wind thus loaded with the spray of salt-water to blow during the months of May and June, when vegetation is in activity, it is difficult to calculate the extent of the mischief it would occa- sion. All persons who have had the care of plants at sea, know that, whenever the wind is strong enough to turn over the tops of the waves into what the sailors call White Caps, | it is necessary to keep the plants. closely covered up, the air being then so im- pregnated with salt, that, if they be only a short time exposed to it, they will perish. . To the above account I d I could. add any satisfactory explanation c of the manner in which Sea. Salt acts upon the tex- ture of vegetables. Is. it by stopping | the pores of the leaves, and preventing perspiration ? ? Can the wax which covers so many maritime plants. with a fine glaucous hue, or the woolly ppbescenge, so ;panapignogs, upon a still greater number, .con- VOL. VIII. wc aT assi _ tribute 290 Mr. Sattspury’s Account of a Storm of Salt. tribute to preserve them from the external action of the salt? Is there any analogy between the modes in which salt acts when applied externally to vegetables, and the more. imper- fect animals, such as slugs and worms? Future observations and judicious experiments will probably throw great light on this matter. ah; eae . F Xi Description XH. Description of Seven New Setia ORe Akiki, Hot abs “land. BY Edward Ruige; FA ERS. aes c diti. March, 5 and esL 16, 1805. . Tue botany of New Holland i is as yet more imperfectly known in proportion to the extent of d one, than that of any other portion of the: globe. VETT The collections which bata Tütberto porá their way from thence to Europe, have been made entirely i in the vicinity of the coast, the more interior parts remaining as yetto us a "Terra in- cognita: and from the frequent and determined opposition which - the new Settlers in those parts have experienced from the Natives, as appears by the most recent accounts, it must be many years before any accurate 2 knowledge can be acquired of uw. inland parts. No General Flora of this extensive country. has y Beet even attempted *; and all the Genera and ‘Species hitherto described and figured, 1 been given eithe rin detached parts, or with a view to exhibit a specimen of its vegetable productions. “The Botany of New Holland,” some Papers in our Transactions by . our learned and esteemed President, a few Species which have unaccountably found. their way into Cavanilles åth volume of Icones, and some detached figures i in the Botanist's Repository, andi in the Voyage of La iude. constitute the principss part | sine hi paper wa road, La Bila work onhe Plants of hice ae has ES : gu E of SÈ aS y lv NIE ores h ant) x uw \ 292 x Mr „Rupo: S s"Desriptin of of what has hitherto bad n presented: to the Public from this - source. - I flatter- myself, therefore, that-the descriptions. of the seven following new. Species may not be unacceptable te the Linnean Society. "ME, -< Since this Paper was. writte: D,. figures of- Tetratheca | glandulosa gu T. ericefolia, have . appeared d. in Exotic Botany, which made me hesitate on the propriety of inserting figures and descriptions of the same plants; but. aftera uad I found a sufficient difference between those figures mine, to induce: me. ;not to alter my orginal intention. - ieee cii indi ay Dac Jurtsxxo Avia. Pentandria Monogynia. S. candies limbo E hissutissimo ; ; spicis Ae eis Rer PME RR: folus alternis, cordatis amplexicaulibus. Caulis parum flexuosus, v illó Gemme axillares.: Folia alterna, cordata, amplexicaulia, pops subtus albida, . subtus et præcipue, margine villosa, oris revolutis. Sa Flores spicati. . RE E jc = ra 5 ee Bractee duz,. calyce breviore he acute... Sri a ee ee em quinquepartitus, . laciniis k lar ceolatis acutissimis, tA a SCR UN DESP Toda ego. extus levis ; ` limbis c puni. bin: | E ee in- iles; —— deut: Botero, iako- | Pisin: : Linn Trans, VIII tab.. p. 292. Linn Trans.Vill Lab. 9.p -293 - $ Seven New Species of Plants from New Holland. | 9293 Pistillum : Gio. parvum, globosum, striatum; leve: e brevis : Stigma obtusum. : Habitat prope Port Jackson i in-Nova Hollandia. Css 44 Fig. sk Planta Iagnifüdine: naturali. 2. Flos integer expansus, i :3. Calyx cum bracteis. 4. Corolla aperta. | fz 5. Nectarium. Germen. Styl TS fs e C. foliis ovali-lanceolatis, gracilibus, terminalibus. ^ Flores spicis fiscilibus, f feaa. pres ipué rollze, md Pedunculis maan aab. bisual 26 A ai ctee fees calyce imbricata 1æ superiores oppo» ~~ à, et structurá brac- in" | 1 sed | ER Lortüboladi 5 “cont fabulosa, PON calyce dup Bon A NAA TN mes VS > No ps MSS $ deii dense’ laciniis qi S igu sutis. . Da | | ad Nectarium, cotyliforme, quinque lobum, leve. . T -~ Stamina: Filamenta quinque, c corollà breviora, versus apicem i in- j . crassata, inter limbi lacinias serta: Anthere oblonge, recur- Ww vo-deflexse,. i)gbtussm. «505. edu Pistillum : Germen ovato-pyramidale, striatum leve: : o Stylus vix ullus: Stigma "pis N E~ iyé : TS OM 4 3 NET Ẹ ` (o. Antherae a latere et fronte v vise. jc Nec E Germen. St us, Pie. dés vix longioris parum ; is. sa altem longis simplicibus. 72 DORRE i 2 gE nep peers, ad len- tem ‘abit P m i Flores ex axillis ple à sque ribus solitarii. Bracke ad basin pedunc eT i Pennas) : Nisus v NN Ns : Linn Trans Vill tab. 10.p. 294 . Aane Rudge del. ——n ————— — no CTU) olia £ Linn Trans Ti. tab Ip. 295+ p Ses Nas Species of Plants from New Holland. 295 Pedunculi à i graciles, foliis brevinies, v versus us apicem incrassati,, pilis raris glandulosis aspersi. pe r, | aspersus. M xs NI i Ta Corolla: Petala m EM repandulz Stamina: Filamenta octo, brevia 1e, - basi ima dilatatá, glabra. + d Anthere filamentis confluentes structui inspicias; loculis queiper angustis, duc brevioribus. iy oe : Pericarpium subrotun¢ Ir cipue patentibus dense ves Stylussensim angustatus. Stigma simplex. | : quee cum ii facie Te 4. Petalum. . 5. Calyx. Stamina. 6. Anthera dorso visa. RT T adem transverse dung. e * i Tam XI... ái ies Erots Bot, a! 20. 1M E tian NN ANM wats 2d V4 ede aprono a ANONN Y 296 , Mr. Y s Description of. Caulis gracilis, ramosus, ramis piossa; basi nudis: Rami flo- riferi, pilis hirsuti.. Folia quaterna, spe quina, verticillata, lineari-lanceolata, mar- gine ad lentem tenuissime serrulata. Flores solitarii, plurimi, axillares. Bractee ad basin pedunculorum solitarie, minute, subulatz. - Pedunculi graciles, glabri, foliis longioribus, atropurpurei. Calyx profunde quadrifidus, pus Tarissimis - aspersus : laciniz | ovate. . 3 On TEN Corolla : Petala rosea, ovila doique maur Stamina: Filamenta octo, brevissima lataque. Anthere filamentis confluentes, interiore parte rubr, alano atropurpureæ ; loculis quatuor augustum eens anterioribus multo brevioribus. : = ? à Pericarpium subrotundum,glabrum. noxiost tot saoig J&lidali Stylus filiformis. - 2 : Stigma simplex. - TUM Gable HOMI i eit Capsula pendula, obovata, acuta; conpra , bilocúlaris. Semina duo, oblonga, obtusa, priem Habitat in eodem loco cum Pre 23911 ug uie cC Fig. 1. Planta magnitudine naturale ak 2. Calyx. Stamina. m 3. Anthera facie interiore exposita. , - 4, Eadem transversim secta. 5. Pistillum. 6. Capsula. i | - 227. "Seren: 0215" «vetat BU DBO sy : Obs. Hac s ica differt a pie numero at: digoi- | tione foliorum, que non serrulata ; petalis majoribus tum pe- dunculis longissimis qui glabri sunt. Rami. floriferii qe ue pilis hirsuti, illius EU. | Ñ mrri OPER tine ees : "ced - Linn Trans Vil 6ab.72. p.297. nis Potes gracilis. — Caulis teres, cüticu ‘Vioribus. ” Rami I Bractee. sulla a 5: Apthera dorso visa. ; aits] 3 6. Eadem fronte spectata. © gob gryla 1. Germen. Srflus. à í ‘Stigma. . 8. Semina. T mW i P id E xp e n Nor OX TS MN WA ma UST í ; -Folia “ast — a fr. Runoz's Description of > BECKEA DIO$NIFOLÍA. B. caule ramoso, scabro; “foliis quadrifariam imbricatis, obovato- $1763 R nitida, ipso membranaceo - — Flores erate 3 fee s axillares Y l Calyx turbinatu NS lis, € i iquedentatus, lac: | s albis cuneatis " UMSO US muc De eee i reniforaiinne a Pistillum : Germen subrotundum. K capitatum. arbor Habitat in N ova Hollandia. Ler- * ^ LS * X s a ` “os Sere C s DIORAMA cat Ck "C . * A d F : N a ; s N à à N SE $ N X NY : n | 3 H i Linn. Trans. VII. tab. 14.5. 290 + ae á € lue ditit 7 " Bw i alos perm | Seven New Species of Plants from New Holland. 299 Y. a F aie pem iiia ^ IX ts E Frutex erectus. FEL d E s 4 Caulis erectus, ramosus. Ran ramuli ple: imque oppositi, cuticulà embed decidua tect ie uw m per ramos imbricata, ctato-scabra, subtus Corolla Pelalaq Op ast T: r: EERE E imr i2398 T > * x » s F A ; à 1 : 4 ad SVO ES E owe wenu ARNS rte aco oltm XE Yy 8. TOM Set UN 800. eat oaran, i, P ae d € y ya E PAU iS S 2n WESS q c POR EIS dr NTC TRE VES * e xi. Observations on the 3 me I | Trollius, iaoe. s Helledo TUS; Coptis, and. sop E "E Picken i geo : Salinto Pi is n». o branch. P^ Tetai less attended t to by Mus au- FS, OT on which. t the solid advancement m the science more docribe the new ones. which. are dai theni is ‘indeed bo for it | he abo This is plant appears. ton me A: distinct. ge- nu nor can T fud. any affinity whatever in it, to that i in which it has hitherto been placed, beyond. the conimon WR of a occur in. several others. than the Genera. of Plants ; ELA o reform. many. of ready c instituted is become most « as. inoegssa ty: ass » iid Ha hai Mr. SaxisBURY's Observations on the Genera of Trollius, &c. 301 ria of this Natural Order are not Petals, it is incumbent üpon me at least to give my reasons for this MAS. -Fhe general laws of Nature are so uniform, that, if we deviate from them on any other ground than that of actual facts, we meet unsurmountable difficulties. The present question, there- fore, can only be determined by reasoning from the analogy of other vegetables, which if closely investigated, I think, refute rather than confirm the doctrine of the French School. Now, in the whole class of Polyandria, the Calyx is comparatively of little importance, often coloured and by degrees runninginto the Petals, or entirely wanting : the Corolla on the contrary is large, showy; ‘almost invariably present, and seldom melliferous. Is it not then surely more philosophical to describe those additional parts, which from their very size and figure seem. constituted t solely to secrete and hold honey, by the appropriate name of "Nectaria, than to raise them to the proud and exclusive dig- nity of the Petals, degrading these last into a mere outer cover ? Has it never occurred to Jussieu, that the same reasoning by which he admits these Nectaria to be Petals, would alone over- turn his favourite hypothesis of Monocotyledonous plants having no » Petals? for there : is no. difference i in 1 this Fa iioi n the Qui: so called, Miis E y" rS prophetic spirit: of Msi eot that s ‘wo d spring E = Pp a definition, has shown its fallacy amples pdb "where. ont Corolla, a and N We m : 302 Mr. SALISBUR x's Observations on the Genera of . lypetalous flowers: thirdly, where it resides in the Calyx only: fourthly, where it is placed either on the Filaments, or the An- thers, or the Ovarium, or the Receptacle : lastly, where its struc- ture is quite different from that of every other part, and anoma- lous. He might also have added instances of the Herba produ- cing melliferous glands, as in Gossypium, Mimosa, and Prunus. "There can:be no doubt that the Nectaria of this Natural Order are much nearer allied to the Corolla than the Calyx, especially i in Nigella, Delphinium, and Aconitum ; but it by no means follows, that they are the sole and legitimate Petals, nor will any subtilty reconcile the incongruity of calling one and the same part in Trollius ‘and — pir two Minen Mitos plant: first Somer d some. ‘of du neighbouring genera, taking them as I think they should follow each gue in a gei ral series. SEDIS Ade. d s RANUNCULACEA dios qw T wis Sect. 2. Pericarpia polysperma, d. 1 = nde Rt E d Yo ae bes S. r* 3 Corolla 5—12-petala, decidua’ dO lla 9—17, Dose y ming . ligularia. ISL Sar pie 90006 sessilia, dense — Bes a basibus petiolorum dilatatis. vaginales.: . digitata, inciso-dentata, he bi a; — los Flores m m vel did ermi = ab anthis, Helleborus, — aia Ty. e : tn Petala a incurvo-patentia, we usa. Ne | "et bes: cum lc. 598 n asiaticus. Pii ntt Pi be PPV Ss eee B ti PTS £942 dad es (HH Eius - Petala. nette ec er di + crispula. Nec- taria parum ultra stamina. = < à Me nascentem prope Lancaster. in Pensylvania ing tei are H. te Muhlenberg. - Bai iái es asad tp" ies est dores favi nee auran- gh tulis U Pela quinque y vel : sex, ‘incurve-horizontalia, obtusa. — Nectaria parum. ultra stamina, —— box, Helleborus ranunculinus. - Smith Pl. Ic. Pede n ST. coo < Helleborus: niger: orientalis, Ranunculi flore &c. = Tourn. Cor. p. 20. T. humilis flore patulo. Buzsb. Cent. 1.p.15 $ 29. ` E s &iam ad specimen Herbarii Tournefanisin Hace Praeses, et fructus: in iva Bank- Nectaria 5— 7, petalis longe "e sus stipiti ita, dum b- | hé od 304 Mr. SaztsBURY'S Observations on the Genera of. hyemalis. Petiolus lucidus, æquatus. —. Bu " aiii hyemalis. Curt. in Bot. Mag. n.3. cum . Helleborus hyemalis. Jacq. Fl. Austr. 9.3. p.1. a oe. Helleborus hyemalis. Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2. =p. 783. Aconitum hyemale. Camerar. Epit. p. 125. Petala sepius 6, interdum T, nunquam 5 vidi. HELLEBORUS, Corolla beilas md com: - Nectaria i ub He "petalis longe minora, cucullata: = Pericarpia 2—9, stipitata basibus plus — minus coadunatis, dum pauciora. stellata. Stipule nunc radi- cales, nunc e basibus petiolorum sdelatales. +i Folia. 3-nata, pal- mata, vel pedata, radicalia vel caulina, ea. © Flores solitarü | paniculative, pedicellis unibracteatis, sepius virescentes. i ; : REEN T Pedunculus ante folia. radicalis, s m wh q i X $224 ret $ grandi- ; Folia podia. Pedunculus. 1—2-florus. Bractew legitimus. pep Hist. PL p. p. (97A. pe Klos. albus cum rubore aliquo, speciosus: titulus e i aR x n omnibus tspesien e Soene 3 T vollius, Eranthis, Helleborus, Coptis, and I: sopyrum. 305 officinalis. Folia. pedata, laminis latis, Pedunculus multiflorus. . Petala aci ninulata. à H orientalis, - Lam. in Encycl. 4.9. p. p.96. H. niger 4 orientalis amplissimo folio, &c. Tourn. Cor. p. 20. . Flos viridi-purpureus : proculdubio est planta offici- . nalis antiquorum. ** Pedunculus ultra folia terminalis. duri Folia glauca, ternata. Petala patentia. Hy lividus. | eene. Bot. Mag. n. 72. cum Ic. bond. eH lividus. - Soland. in Ait. Hort. Kew. v. 2. p. 272. s a H. niger trifoliatus. Ald. Hort. Fam. ipis t.92. - ' Flos sordide purpureus. — — fatis Polis viridia, pedata,| laminis angustis, Petala in pocu- a? E fotidus. ‘Smith i in Engl. Bot. n.613. cum Ic. H. fæ- decas tidus. -Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2. p. 784. H. ramosus &c. ~~ “Hall. Hist. 0.2. p.11903. 7 | Flos viridis inge denum atro-rubro. - o s aS g £3 33 zu ep AE ^. «DEP Ene sige? Corolla 5— puc atia Nectaria 5:8; Lista minora, cucullata. . ` Pericarpia 6—10, stipitata, stellata. Stipule 2, . radicales. Folia pauca, radicalia, 1—2-ternata, . spinulose den- tata, rigida. - Flores albi, s solitarii 2-native, terminales. Nomen ab herba incisà: XOT TG scindo. ur s s trifolia. $ Folia ternata. Péduüculus. 1-doras. | Helleborus trifolius. - ; ` Michaux Fl. Bor.-Amer. - p “i = ps “325. Helleborus trifolius. Fl. Dan. t. 566. - “ Helle- VOL. VIII. | QR | | ~~ borus 306 Mr. Sar1sBURY's Observations on the Genera of — _ borus trifolius. Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2. p. 184. Helle- . borus trifolius. Linn. Amen, Acad, v. 2. p. 3506. t. 4. f. 18. | | ; : Flos Trientali haud absimilise asplenii- Folia biternata, laminis subpinnatifidis. Pedunculus folia. ^ 2-florus. Sponte. nascentem in, oris . occidentalibus Americe Borealis legit A. Menzies. = | Petala, quantum e specimine Banksiano sicco patet, multo longiora quam precedentis, et lineari-attenu- ata. Peduneulus quasi bifurcus ramis in fructu - - elongatis. Antheree orbiculares apice retuso. Isoprrum, Corolla 5: ^ petala, caduca. Nect. 5—6, petalis minora, cu-. = cullata. Pericarpia 3—17, sessilia, dum pauciora stellata, ` Stipule 2,0 basibus. petiolorum | dilatatis. . Folia radicalia | pauca, caulina plura et sensi minora, 2-ternata S-natave, late dentata, herbacea. Flores albi duteive,. solitarii 2-nive, axil- lares. thalictri- xc late. Folia — oe Pericar- med -pia 2—4. t . I. thalictroides. Jacq. FL. date v. 2. p. 9. t. 105. A. thalictroides. | Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2. p. 783. Thalic- trum batrachioides, &c.. Bocce. Mus.. p. 84.. t. 79. Flores albi. fm umarie- | Stipuke augusts, Folia laminis Pinna. Fa T. fiin. pinsi XIV. The AA of several sey in the i eem Order E Conifere: with (x n their Stigmata, and SeS By Richard E Salisbu cms JF Bas. and d Read April 2, 1805. 79 Tue science of Botany does not. ‘eonaiét so much in knowing a parcel of names and. technical terms, as a great variety of im- mutable facts respecting Vegetables, all of which have more or less connection with each other, and which the philosophical student stores up to use, when he meets with what is new and strange: the detail of the following discovery therefore, if not entertaining, is at least so far important, that some curious ana- logies and differences occur in it. of ks Se ae es T'wo years ago, when the author of that superb work on Pinus the figures of which may be regarded as a national honot ` showed me his manuscript, and asked my opinion respecting the fecundation of this genus, I was induced Sd xai i species with more care than usual, ‘that Im ht, thoroughly understand it: but I could neither f find any traces of a stigma i in the female flower, 1 nor any vestige ve the insertion of the Mr. SarisBURY's Characters of several Genera of Conifere. 309 the very first expansion of the bud: accordingly I climbed to tlie top of a Cembra Pine every morning for near a fortnight. In the mean while I remarked female flowers. upon an old Cypress; and the moment I examined them, I then first suspected what proved to be the truth; namely, that each of the seeds in Pinus was impregnated separately, and that what I had hitherto supposed to be a cicatrix of their insertion in the recep- tacle, was in fact the remains of the true stigma. About a week afterwards I was highly gratified with the most clear and full view of this process in the Cembra Pine. The little squame of the future fruit with their dorsal bractez are at that period all quite separate. from each other, and horizontally arched, as if to protect the long crimson stigmata which project out in the vacant interstices: but as soon as ever impregnation takes place, the bracteæ and squamæ change their direction, and become closel y imbricated, immediately assuming the appearance of a Stro- bilus. In the Spruce Fir this circumstance takes place so rapidly that the lower squame become quite erect, while the upper ones are still arched. The next species I examined was the Scotch Fir, then the Balm of Gilead Fir, Silver Fir, Pinaster and We eymouth Pine, in all. which the structure of the stigma . differs very little : f the Larch, on the contrary, I found the following year | had no o resemblance in figure to the others ; it comes much nearer the stigma of Cupressus, and consists entirely of. a thick pubes- cence at. first convex, but finally soprávey and not. unlike a bird’ s nest in miniature. End 3 . k believe the stigma in- this genus cite never im been de- d: some vestiges of it, however, have been faithfully repre- sented by Mr. Ferdinand Bauer in his. dissections of the Spruce Fir and Virginian Pine; also by Gleichen i in those of. the Scotch Fir. _ The last author, nevertheless, supposes fecundation t to take ~~" place 310 Mr. Sarispury’s Characters of several Genera place by the squame, as will appear from his own words. “ La fleur femelle est composée de plusieurs ecailles sur les quelles il y a des pointes rouges en forme de griffes. A l'autre extremité infe- rieure de ces on remarque au cote exterieur des ecailles une eminence en forme de levres d'un rouge clair. Comme j'ai observé sur ces levres plusieurs vesicules et glandules, je les prens pour le mammelon, ou lori- fice du conduit de germe, à quoi elles me semblent étre beaucoup. plus propres que les pointes rouges en forme de griffes, qui sont dures et _ seches.” Respecting these vesicles and glands I have only to ob- ‘serve, that the former are nothing but pollen, which is discharged in great abundance over every part of the flower, and the latter - the. proper pubescence of the squamse. No botanist appears to have attended to this subject except Jussieu, who, probably having observed the stigmata only after fecundation, describes them as glands, and, with that diffidence which is so often the concomitant of deep learning, then inquires whether thesquame dorsales ought not rather to be considered as styles, and the squamse interiores as germina in the Linnzan sense =~ = term. This question it is presumed is now fully answered.) 22S oos It has been remarked | by our President, that pes errors 5 of ! eminent writers are alone worth pointing out ; it becomes there- fore here necessary to notice what I conceive to be a funda- mental mistake in the great man above mentioned, respecting the cotyledons of Pinus; more especially as he isimplicitly copied by Michaux, Poiret, and Ventenat. | Nay, the last author has one so far as to make Redouté draw the figure after Jussieu's. description, instead of the object before him, as Miller did more than once in his Illustration of the Sexual System. The bees oc men whom we ¢ we all so proud to number as fe! lows of this will, I trust, nereniandar any authority, however great in the Natural Order of Conifere, s TUM 811. at th: a S Coniferw, “ Semen vere bilobum extat, scissura du- plici opposita profundiore lobos definiente ; sed iidem in germinatione partiti et radiatim patentes divisuris linearibus verticillum men- tiuntur. polyphyllum involucro umbellifero emulum, unde quedam. Conifere, et precipue. Pinus, polycotyledones. dicuntur." I have examined with the most scrupulous nicety the embryos of the - Norway Spruce Fir, Black Spruce, Silver Fir, Balm of Gilead Fir, Scotch Fir, Larch, and Cedar of Libanus, both before and after germination, without ever being able to find two opposite divisions deeper than the rest: so that there is not the smallest doubt they are truly polycotyledonous. . The number of coty- ledons, moreover, is by no means constant, even in the same species, and they approach the succeeding leaves in structure much nearer than any we are dnd rab nud with, _ being, like them, biennial.. riire 5 nhi (fot Having now fond a mak inaia in the foyer of Larix, to distinguish it from Abies and Pinus; being also fa- voured by the liberality of Sir Joseph Banks with specimens of the Chinese Fir, the Chili Pine, the Norfolk Island Pine, and that | still more curious tree the Dammar of Amboina, which he long since. pointed out to me in Rumphius's work, as being a true Conifera, I shall. finish this. pupa eg CHE pestes of all these. seven pete. x i A CONIFERE: dien EU Es A niuis: b Sect. 2. ; Pe ericarpia . obversa, nec ut in. Cupresso erecta, juxta basin 5 SET si seein Vds i Neca 1 ird "dde te | AGaTHIs. © iiss i Te Sn crasse, in estive aal: imbricatz. | .An- : thera. multilocularis, Fæm. Squame in Strobilum. magnitu- : dine ovi anserini subrotundum imbri ricate, dorso nude nec ; bracteatie, $12 Mr. Satispury’s Characters of several Genera bracteatz, superne incrassate, persistentes, monogynæ. Pe- ricarpium lateri interiori squamz adnatum, margine alatum, durum, strobilo dehiscente deciduum. Embryo 2-cotyledo- neus. Arbor excelsa, resiniflua, a reliquis facie abludens: ra- mis oppositis sparsisque : ramulis subancipitibus. Gemme hinc inde supra axillares terminalesque, caryophylli figura. Folia op- posita vel subopposita, 14—S pollices longa, 1 pollicem lata, inter- ~ dum angustiora,. ovali-lanceolata, integerrima nervis parallelis. Flores ramulis lateralibus terminales. i z Nomen dixi ab ayalig glomus; floribus in glomos collectis. loranthi- Folia breviter petiolata laminis ovali-lanceolatis, ob- - folia. tusis. . bu espe Tas. XV. Pinus Dammara. Lamb. Pin. p. 61. t. 38. Arbor _ javanensis Visci foliis &c. Raij Hist. v. 3. Dendr. p. 130. auctoritate Herbarii Sherardiani. Dammara alba. ORumph. Amb. v. 2. p. 174. t. 57. Sponte nascentem in Ins. sonia: — d C. Smith. | hie ed Specimina completa in Sp. vini servata communica- vit Banks, qui omnium primus veram Coniferam Emo affinem. esse monuit. S : € * i a Péwst pees riget rog 2 SEN. = | Masc. MN tenues, in Amenta plura. lateralia imbricate. 3 Antheræ 2-loculares. Foem. Squamz in Strobilum szpius conicum imbricate, dorso Bracteà suffulta, superne incrassate cicatrice apicis haud raro caduci relicta, persistentes, digynae. Pericarpia lateri interiori Squame adnata, margine. plus minus - alata, — strobilo eicit eee: Stigma 2—3-fidum VOCNESSENON C OA EC = laciniis ipo dues = in the Natural Order of Conifere. o0 MN laciniis caudatis. Embryo 4—8-cotyledoneus. Arbores quarum plures excelse, conice: ramis verticillatis : ; ramulis cy- lindraceis, interdum sparsis. Gemme grandes. | - Foliá 2—5, in fasciculis alternis vaginá basi cinctis ramos undique vestientibus, . acerosa et interdum longissima, biennia. Anthere in Pino, Abiete, et Larice, ex analagiá potius solitarie et 2-loculares mihi viden- tur quam bine et 1-loculares. — Nomen antiquum: a rsy pinguis, quia abundat fesind, derivatum. vult Schrevelins. _ * Folia gemina. «goes. Folia 2-pollicaria. Strobili conici, squamarum ex- .teriorum apicibus praecipue inferioribus valde py- ramidatis. Antherarum squama vix cristata. P. sylvestris. Lamb. Pin. p. t. t. 1. cum pluribus notissimis ee Ais Larix: Masc. Squame tenues in Amentum terminale imbricate. An- there 2-loculares. Fom. Squam: in Strobilum subrotun- dum imbricate, dorso Bractea suffultee, superne attenuage, - persistentes, digynz, Pericarpia lateri interiori Squamæ ad- | nata, margine alata, dura, strobilo dehiscente decidua. Stigma. | hemisphericum. disco mox cavo, glanduloso-pubescens. Em- bryo 5—9-cotyledoneus. Arbores excelse, pyramidales: ra- — mis alternis, longe attenuatis, caudatis :- ramellulis incrassatis, bre- vissimis. Gemme parve nec ut in Pino et Abiete tumida. Folia alterna ; in ramellulis circulo annotino densissima fasciculum simu- lantia; acerosa, annua 2 vel biennia. Flores ramellulis lateralibus “terminales. psi Nomen antiquum Græcum : aaa valde, sw fluos deri arem, balsamum terebinthinum. ` tura. dont VOL. VIII. » Qs : * Folia sis . Mr. SaLrsBury’s Characters of several Genera E Eae om " £x ue nocendi Flies, autumno decidua. pyramida- Strobili pollicares, anguste ovati; squamis margme is. | patulis Pépahdhque. Bractez panduraformes. -Pinus Larix. Lamb. Pin. p. 53. t. 85. S eap ii d “ut pene omnes. Pinus Larix. Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2. 75779. 1420. Larix decidua. MU a » m n. -R pendula. Strobili vix pollicares, oblongis ; came margine in- curvis, obtusis. Bractez pandureeformes. - Mir "Pinus pendula.. Lamb. Pin. p. 56. t. 36. Tim pendula. Soland. in Ait. Hort. Kew. v. 3. p. 369. Sponte nascentem in- Canada cm frigidis, ty ath Bartram. ITS diro o o : tenifolia. Strobili ice a aber squamis margine Hi curvis obtusis. Bracteze ovales. 3 _ Pinus microcarpa. Lamb. Pin. p. 58. t 37. Pinus. - laricina. Du Roi Harb. ed. Pott. v. 2. p. 117. se Mt Sey nte n 1a scentem i in mada; legit G. Bartram. = © Soa} » ry Police 2-ennia, vere decidi ree patula. Strobili tripollicares, late ovales ; 5. iquémis. margine | PS | erectis, truncatis. Bractez in fructu. evanida. — MT ein Cedrus. Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2. p. 1420. Cedrus Ja os folis &c. Trew Ehret. p. 1. et 28. t. 1. 60, 61. za mif. T Fors fcemineos diu d anthésin" tantum. ‘wat hg tn the Notare! Order of Conifere, 5 315 ciniis caudatis, Embryo eo iiinn Arbores. excel- sæ, conice, pyramidales vel etiam pendule ; ramis alternis aut verticillatis, cylindraceis. Gemme grandes, | F To alterna, in ramis lateralibus. disticha, viz acerosa, sepius nonnihil dilatata, - biennia. Flores ramulis terminales, Nomen antiquum : a voce abio robustus, legitimum reddam; lig- no in multis valido, - we Iie * Folia "irapa excelsa. — Strobili is wae ; „aqupis rhombeis, retusis. : =- Bracteze minute. | - Pinus Abies. Lamb. Pin. pP 37. 45i 95. P. Abies. ‘Linn: Sp. Pl. ed. 2. p. 1421. Ay Picea. Mill. Dict. ed. 7. n.2. S A. pisi &c. Linn. Fil. MN: an s emfoin. Strobili anguste. conici ; : squamis obovatis, integerri- i di mis. Bractezx minutz.. . . Pinus alba. Lamb. Pin. p. 39. £ 26. Pinus laxa. . Ehr. Beitr. v. 3. p. 24... Pinus canadensis, Wang. - Beytr. 5. t. 1. f. 2. ; 2 z -Sponte nascentem in Canada, legit J. Bartram. ha Z ee ARR species vide in opere Lambertiano. ga wE e k de E ou ve eeu si iE rs | | | : | Mc: P bees tenues, in Amentum^ parvum gemmiforme im- _bricate. Antherz 2-loculares. Foam. Squamz i in Strobilum lupuliformem. imbricatie,- ore? issimæ margine əcristato, dorso -:Bracteá multo ampliore t acuta suffultee, persistentes, 3-gyne. Pericarpia lateri interiori squamze adnata, duo auricularia, - médium. '€uneiforme, vix alata, dura, strobilo dese deci- ~ dua. ^ paps eus nondum vidi Arb siut. Hirt Lu asa £ 316 Mr. SatisBury’s Characters of several Genera -siniflua-: ramis subverticillatis sparsisque. Folia alterna, sessilia, anguste lanceolato-cuneata, serrulata, pungentia, Flores. termi- nales, feminei in ramellulis lateralibus. Nomen dixi a figura Herbae : B:Acs jaculum. Pear jaculifolia. Folia deflexa, subtus glauca. Pinus lanceolata. Lamb. Pin. p. 34. t. 28. Abies major sinensis &c. Pluken. Amalth. Bot. lé. 851. FE Sponte nascentem in Chekiangh, legit G. L. Staunton, Baronettus. ‘Evrassa. Masc. non vidi. Foem. Squame in Strobilum globosum im- . bricatze, dorso Bracteá longiore fere tote connatz, post flores- centiam valde ampliate, obcuneatz, lateribus alatis samari- formes, lignosæ, decidus, monogyns. Pericarpium inter. | Squamam bracteamque immersum et conforme. Embryo co- 'tyledonibus. 4, pollicem longis, Loranthi folium referentibus. Arbor ad 200 ped s pyramidalis, sempervirens, heterophyl 1 - junior facie Abietum ramis verticillatis, fo iis [ vertici acerosis; postea Gnidiis vel Proteis quibusdam "nior, ramis iunc sparsis, foliisque ee dense imbricatis, ovatis. Flores terminales. | Nomen a ramis folüsque quasi. artificiose collocatis : : ev dene, | Taree ordi. : . . Folia x ramorum juniorum. Woo y valde falcata. Ss ponte. nascentem. in Insula eot de Ea iG. s ^ ED UMPR AMER iC de ARRIERE To i uo DURS e Lesbia m glean a Bite Y E ; - A4 € E Ea dn the N atural Order ref Cone E Hec. Xr A ue "e se crassitie alat anserini, an specie di M mh dc o id reg Corunna. Wwiup?adieurst VO Mast. RET in "Ael dipsacifornie Mbatata. Anthéra basi dependens, multilocularis. Fæm. Squame in Strobiluin grande imbricate, dorso Bracteà acuminata fere tote conna- tee, capsulzeformes, „anguste, obconicæ collo peo, inde r esce, py posi quos jen up . Folia sessilia, alterna, dense imbricata, i instar die tesis pungentia, perennia. | Flores terminales. Naised a voce Greca one j nato | i BD materiam ı navium malis ors By Aylmer Banke Lambert, Eq. ER .S. V.P. L. S. kp os US ` Read April 16, 1805. = = Macnorvs ELEGANS. a Macnorvus argenteus auriculis ——— pedibus anticis pen- tadactylis. | Tas. XVI. The account of this animal, and the drawing which I here offer to the Society, were taken from a living specimen lately ` brought from New South Wales, and now in the possession of - Mr. Pidcock-of Exeter "Change. It is. distinguished by the Settlers in that country, by the name of the Sileer or Brush Kangaroo, and by the. Natives is called Ba-ga-ree. It appears to be a very distinct species from. the first discovered Ol which Dr. Shaw in his General Zoology* has named Macropus | major, differing from that, not only i in colour, but also in being much smaller, and of a if ore handsome shape. The colour is a beautiful silver-gray ; and, t e, it is one of the most elegant animals I eve very docile. .— Dr White, who so lo S Wales, informs me that ‘tha species is ve its habits are very . different from. those of the comn * Shaw's General : : 3 E | x found Ea ze t '00, it en: eda | e > P. - a Linn. Trans, YII. lab.26. p. 316. \ \ \ i ! I M RI i Ji ^ I^ Ay Y ANN j P Mr. Lamnert’s Description of a New Species of Macropus. 319 found solitary, whereas the other is found in herds of forty or fifty together. Among the numerous Drawings of Natural History which Dr. White brought home from that country, and are now in my possession, this animal is wanting, owing, no doubt, to the difficulty of procuring a specimen. The measurement of the animal above described, is as fol- lows: | : Inches. Length from the tip of the nose to the end of the tail 624 — From the tip of the nose to the eye PM - 0 24. From the tip of the nose to the back part of the skull — 55 From the back part of the skull to the tip of the tail decr Length of the tail - - cr n = E Length of the ears. - , - x Hero. e oT From the tip of the fore claw to the top of the shoulder 12% Length of the fore leg from the claw to the knee uH ee From the tip of the hind claw to the top of the thigh — 24 ‘Length of the hind leg from the claw to the knee IO Girth at the widest part, three inches before the hind — | legs s 7 y =e 28 Girth thros inches, behind the fore denm dM rn IH XVI. Ex w E m —— XVI. eien upon a Subitande called Dapéche from South i America, By William Allen, Esq. F.L.S. Read May 1, 1805. Tur worthy. Yi ice-president. ef this Society, T onas Pader, Esq. favoured me with a specimen of a substance sent to Sir Joseph Banks from South America, by Humboldt. It is said to be found at the depth of two or three feet from the surface of the earth. In appearance it very much resembles a dried Fun- gus, having the same spongy texture : internally it is nearly white; and although in its external character so different from Caoutchouc, the results of a variety of experiments leave no Toom doubt. that itisa modification of the samé substance. The milky j juice of. the Hawea Caoutchouc and Jatropha elastica, -from which the Caoutchouc or common Indian rubber i is ob- tained, undergoes a considerable change on ‘exposure to atmo- spheric air; like blood recently drawn from the veins, it separates into two parts, viz. an aqueous fluid, and the concrete substance called Elastic Gum. The specimen appears to. have been produced by successive deposits of milky juice; but on account of its peculiar situation, the changes have probably not taken place in the same order, nor - to the same extent, as when completely exposed to the powerful agency of atmospheric air. The Dapéche burns freely when held to the cándle; it removes black-lead marks with the same Bici as Caouteligue: ; and in . cir dike IT PA Mr. AuLen’s Experiments upon a Substance called Dapéche. 321 like manner exhibits signs of electricity, by causing dry paper which has been rubbed with it to attract- pith balls. I made parallel experiments with equal duanik of Caout- chouc and Dapéche in the sulphuric, nitric, muriatic, and strong acetic acids, also with a mixture of nitric and muriatic acids : they. were performed in a temperature between 32° and 42° of Fahrenheit, and there was a striking similarity in the results. Nitric acid, even without the application of heat, dissolved both these substances almost entirely ; and on the addition of water to the clear solutions, copious precipitates were afforded, which, being washed and dried, mounted to uet one > half of the ori- ginal weight. - ee The precipitate from Casu hohé was dissolved. by jag | alcohol ; that from Dapéche nearly so: but alcobol produces no - effect u pon Caoutchouc itself, and only renders Dapéche. more elastic. E "The mixture of nitric and muriatic acidi did not appear to dissolve a any part of these substances; but they had evidertly undergone a change, and had increased in weight—the Dapéche. particularly: they no longer melted on exposure to im but 1 were converted into a dense coal. — . By distillation to dryness i in | glass re retorts, the following results _ were obtained : yd | Caoutchouc 100 sore ? A Jerownt pre MER oil containing no trace of scil E - 14 cubic inches of gas — — pea 2 Carbonaceous residuum - - j> ári 6 VoL. VIII. 2T Dapéche 322 Mr. ALLEN’s Experiments upon a Substance called Dapéche. Dapéche in 100 parts. A brown empyreumatic oil - - - - 80 Water slightly acid - - - - = 2 Carburetted hydrogen - - - - 2 Carbonaceous residuum - - Ll c 16 100 I did not observe any trace of ammonia, though it is generally stated to be one of the products. XVII. Account XVII. Account p a new Britigh Species of Caltha. By Thomas | uriy, Forsters Esq. F.L.S. — 3 . Read Teen ^& 1805. Tur figure which accompanies this. paper is of a new Caltha, which I had some time ago from Scotland by the kindness of my friend Mr. J ames Dickson, who, when he gave it to me, was of opinion that it would prove a new Species, which I am now well convinced it is, having cultivated it for several years. Tt differs from the Cc ; alustris in having a creeping stalk, shooting forth roots at the joints ; leaves triangular, very sharply crenated ; and the petals smaller, narrower, wedge-shaped and pate t cannot be the Caltha natans of Gmelin and Willde- now, which has a white flower, procumbent stalk, and floats on the -— nor Caltha minor of Miller's Dict. ( palustris @ Willde- which does not appear to differ from C. palustris in any re- spect but size. In Dr. uen MSS. in Sir Joseph Banks’s cribed and named, and in the "C „imens of three others from the North- west coast of Am where they were found by Mr. A. Men- zies, who I hope. x us descriptions of them. The following may sen for the specific differences of the Calthe al- herbarium there CaLTHA. le erecto, folis orbiculato-cordatis. — 272 | r^ Hab. 1. palustris. | | 894 Mr. ForstER’s Accoun nt of sca cog aes | ae Hab. in bumidiusculis Europe, Asiz, et Ame- rice borealis. Y v. JE | o sagittatis. ccess Bay Americe MSS. in Bibl. C. caule rep nte Hab. in Scotia. J. JEn * ( 325 ). XVIII. Description of a new Genus in the Natural: Or of Rubiacee, called. E. Ese. Dy Richard Anthony Salis , Esq. Read February 4, 1806. Peruaprs one of the most interesting modern additions to our knowledge of the Natural Affinities of Vegetables,has been made among the Rubiacez. I presume to call it modern; for though Bernard de Jussieu arranged the plants of this order in the Tri- ánon garden with great purity, so long ago as 1759, other bota- nists continued to mix several discordant genera with it, till his nephew's incomparable work appeared, shining like the morning star, the harbinger of day. By his labours, those genera which really belong to it are now clearly defined ; and as far as what little knowledge I have gained of them enables me to judge, his artificial sections rarely break the links of that natural chain by which they hang together. Some useful corollaries. may be deduced by the botanist wio studies the various organizations of this extensive tribe of plants philosophically. From a comparison of the most anomalous, it appears to me - the general rule laid down by Linné res- pecting genera, n t be still more closely adhered to in natural orders. I would say, characterem fluere e ordine non ordinem e cha- ractere, in the strongest sense of the words: for there cannot be the. smallest. doubt that Usteria, which has Pericarpium superum, : he Rubiacee, though it is the only genus of them. yet with such a character. Our great master, indeed, in 326 Mr. Satispury’s Description of a new Genus his Classes Plantarum has long since taught us “ nulla his valet regula- à. priori, nec una vel altera pars fruetifieations, sed sola simplex symmetria omnium partium :” and the excellent canons of the French school may yet be improved, by a stricter attention to his principles on this head. : Among the primary characters of every Natural pido stipu- | lation is one of the most constant ; nevertheless, in some of the verticillated genera of Rubiaceae, Galium for instance, there is none at all. Linné.to get over this difficulty, supposed that its stipules were converted into leaves: that this is not the case, however, is evidently proved not only by Hamelia, and other verticillated genera with real stipules corresponding in number to their leaves, but by Galium itself, in several species of which the uppermost leaves. near the flowers are reduced to two, without any inter- vening stipule, as in the Apocinée. Whether their joints are - ever terminated by any of these glandular bristles so remarkable in some Apocinée, Y am yet ignorant ; but the peduncles of many Galiums are reflexed when in fruit, presenting asictiert posa of resemblance between the two orders. o — : The affinity of the curious genus now aciei is = fortunately indubitable. It belongs to the 7th section of Rubiacee ; and if mere number of parts is omitted in subdividing this family, as possibly it may be in future, it will stand next Frélichia of Vahl. I have not seen the ripe fruit, but when young it is bilocular, with a single seed in each cell: very soon after the flowers drop off, the seeds become long and narrow; and as the stipulation is so different from that of every known genus, I have named it after Edward Rudge, Esq. F.L.S., a botanist who has illustrated some of the plants of the country in which it grows wild, by the most accurate dissections sci ye vm to- the public from dried epeeinens T | oi. E . Linn trans Vol VM. taibb paz ! Ben called Rudgea. Ordo Naturalis. p LN Rubiacez Juss. Gen; 2 Mc na bus 5-partitus, laciniis e dorso apicis uncinatis. Fila- menta fauce tubi inserta, antheris breviora. Pericarpium (in i is) ülare, loculis 1-spermis. Stigma 2-partitum, lac: ) is. Caulis teretiusculus, - brachiatus. Stipule > - grandes, in i fallor ut in Apocinéis quibusdam pectinato-se- tacec ipso apice in nostris exemplaribus forsan caduco. Folia ampla / - paribus equalibus. Flores paniculis densissimis terminalibus, sicci / nigrescentes. Convenit cum Frólichià et Schraderá laciniis corolla. dorso uncinatis: relique E multàm abludunt. — —. lanceafolia. S. R. foliorum lamin ; lanceolatis, acuminatis: c k S Tolla 2 | pollices longa. i aida e = Tas. XVIII. | ma ódbeeiacen erectee, us, vix nu > allidioribus quasi sphacelatis Et au Z ovate, pr | . — vero apice forsan jam c: tiam nondum decidua. - F "bli angusti, 5—6 lineas bs os vestiti, concavi: _ Lamine - | ginà inferiore levi, planiuscule: - /Nerà Pe" subtes fusci | \ et prominentes, tenuiores szepe ad angulum rectum cum. pr \ : ane s. amariis confluentes. Flores paniculis densissimis te si sessiles. Pedunculus solitarius, G areo rai ri- Bractez ad e md ramos Sohase: 1e da 23 . Calyx- p ophyllus, pericarpii den. a euh. 2 pollices oer : E gra- à cilis, Mimi su" SRIGR anguste infundibuliformi: Limbus y Jus, SPARES ug Laciniz subli- : extus dense pubescens, decidua. arum decurrentia. Antherez erecta, dehiscentes. Pericarpium in- Lini » obconicum, intra corol- avidum non vidi. ~ Styl s gracilis, long tudine tubi. rum 2 stylo multó latius, 2-partitum ; recurvo-patentibus, obtusis, convexiusculis. — , ovalifolia. E R. foliorum laminis ovalibus, breviter acuminatis corolla pollicem longs. Tan. XIX, J oe BP ramis proculdubio | : arine. axilla ades | te rminalibus, P. vod aspe ctm in the Natural Order of Rubiaceae, called Rudge. 329 grandes, magis obovatæ, pariter pectinato-setaceæ rigidæ per- "sistentesque. Foliorum Petioli 6 lineas longi, crassiusculi, tenelh pube vestiti aliquá vel in adultis relictà: Lamine 4:—5 pollices late, 7—8 pollices longa, horisontales, ovales, integerrime, parum seu breviter acuminate, supra glabre, subtus leves: Nervi crassiores quam in R. lanceefolid. Flores paniculis densissime congestis. Pedunculus brevis : ramis infe- rioribus brevissimis, superioribus vix distinguendis et forsan dichotomis. Bractez ad singulos ramos solitariz, latè cuneate, dense pubescentes. Calyx et corolla extus dense pubescentes. Ec P Locus generis in Systemate Sen i est Pentandria Monogynia post Psychotriam. Inflorescentia in vivis accuratius descri- benda, specimina enim rarissima dilacerare nolui: inde forsan generis affinitas certius innotescat. EXPLANATION OF TH E PLATES. Tas. XVIII. Rupera lanceefolia. Fig. 1. A flower, magnified. ie im : .2. Limb of the corolla, more magnified. OMS Tn - 3. The pistillum, magnified. 4. A stamen in two views, exceedingly magnified. 5. Young fruit cut transversely, magnified. a A seed not yet impregnated, pores Tas. XIX. Rupcra SPAN Fig. 1. A flower, magnified. - 9. A stamen, ékceediligly agace, —— 3. The pistillum, magnified. Li le VOL. VIII. 20 XIX. A New > LIED XIX. A New Arrangement of the Plants of the Monandrian Class usually y called Scitaminee. By William Rosc Aas Ver P. m L.S. Read April 15, and May. 6, 1806. . Tes Scitaminean Plants, s so callec or spicy qualities, occupy the greater portion of the first, or Monandrian class, in the Linnean system of vegetables. They are a tribe of great beauty and considerable utility; natives of warm climates, where they are mostly found in moist situations. The chief part of them have been discovered i in the East-Indies; a few in Africa; and still fewer in America. The first attempt to reduce these plants to their proper genera, appears to have been made by Linnzus, in the Musa Cliffor- tiana.—In his Fragments of a Natural Order, he has united them with the Muse ; to which, in the more ygportant emm ya their fructification, they bear but little affinity. The disadvantages which attended the ety of these > phir in the time of Linnzeus were, in fact, too great to be surmounted. His descriptions could only have been formed, for the most part, on the labours of preceding. botanists ; the figures of Van Rheede, Rumphius, and others ; and in some instances, from dried speci- mens. In establishing the different genera, he has relied chiefly on the number and form of the pt: ; without sufficiently at- tending to those ı more important parts of the fructification on which the rest of his system i is chiefly founded. chor se After having completed his labours on this nfcon so ; sienible was he of their insufficiency, as expressly . to admonish his readers, "on account - their aromatic - de Mr. Roscor’s New Arrangement of the Scitaminee. — 381 readers, that the characters of many of these plants still remained to be more accurately determined, by those who might have an opportunity of inspecting living specimens ; an admonition which every colit editor of his Works has SEPP it eorf to rE ti WT R About the year, 1783, a veni dH ARES in dditibs "was ind to the order of Scitaminean plants, by the labours of Kenig;: who, in his researches through various parts of the East, disco- vered many. plants of this tribe, of which he communicated full descriptions to his anand: Re b z | poesi i in the. third " ants +, thought | it. necessar essa y to. attempt a new one, from: the descriptions of his friend ; although he had never seen even the dried tpecenenn The result. is. suph; as might have pend eX- d die ; Be of gem padija pub qe tas CER which dna p ever, been recognised by. Willdenow,.as the latest im posant on this clas. . ' In one respect Retzius is entitled to co nmendati "Quid centi ego. determinem, qii, planas has 5 neguidem si siccatas s vidi” » Ec» de Probe video, nihil absolute ceni de horum generum characteribus. minari 3329 Mr. Roscor’s New Arrangement of the Plants of the plants; a discovery which, however, he has not sufficiently pro- secuted, either in the work before referred to, or in his subse- quent attempt, in his sixth fasciculus, to establish ti new Ls of these plants. l ECAN Bn ! e Since the publications of Retzius, some additions and correc- tions of the genera and species have been made by Swartz, in his Observationes Botanice; but without any attempt at a syste- matic order. He concludes. his remarks with asserting that * the genera of the Scitaminean plants are so — that they can scarcely be distinguished by characters *." — : If we turn from Linneus and his followers to those ilio; pro- fess to have arranged the individuals of the vegetable kingdom by their natural affinities, | we shall discover little further light thrown on the subject. "The Scitaminean plants form, indeed, a natural order; and Bernard de J ussieu, in his Ordines Naturales, has implicitly adopted the arrangement, "without adding to the number of the | genera of Linnzus 4. In the Genera Plantarum | of A. I 1. de Jussieu, « a few additions : are made to tios: — t but the more essential parts o generic distinctions chiefly desek nd, aré often arn 'oniitted- in bits descriptions. Like the rest who have attempted to charac- terize these plants, he remarks—* that the construction of the various parts of the flower, has wes a variety of opinions as 3 to their denomination and use ; = " and, “that SE observa- ee eee genera adeo aia, ut characteribus vix distingui queant,” 2^ Swartz. Skee 1 Viz. Catimbium (Ota: or Resa and — both taken f tions —— itum. inveniatur." . ; Swartz. Obs. 9. Monandrian Class usually called Scitaminee. 333 tions on living plants are still requisite, in order to form Dropet distinctive characters*.” | Such is the brief and i history of those plants : but some circumstances have of late occurred more favourable to the prosecution of these inquiries. Amidst the great number of plants lately brought into this country, those of the Scitami- nean tribe have not been neglected. Many of these have pro- duced their flowers; from which, and from the accurate figures given of others in the excellent botanical works lately pub- lished, as well in this country as on. the continent, it seems not impracticable. to form an arrangement, which may contribute in some degree to remove the i inconveniencies of. which there has hitherto been but too much reason to complain, and which are the more to be regretted, as they present themselves to the stue dent on the very opening of the Linnean system. — -From the result of observations made on this subject for. some years past, I have been led to conclude, that the true generic character of these plants consists in the situation, form and ap- pendages of the anthera, and its petal-like or incrassated fila- ment. | In several of the genera which compose this. class, the the "e ds. “atiro but in the- truly. Scitaminean plants it is ; double, ani is either more | or less divided to receive the benc it closely embraces +. This anthera is supported by an erect. pog, Bleed ty which Swartz. contends. is im pro * « “Non. [3 Doran Se Uns ; quarum Coen inis f varia à diver- sam induxit autorum sententiam de earundem nomine et usu. Ulterius er o ferenda in vivis pleraque ordinis genera; ut consimilia in his et illis organa pate: conformis omnium character eruatur." 4. L. de Jussieu Gen. Pl. 64. + In omnibus fere Scitamineis, anthera ns minusve mee E ree eum tough 934 Mr. Roscoz's New Arrangement of the Plants of the though he admits that it performs the office of that part*. In some instances this filament terminates with the anthcra ; but in others is extended beyond it, either in a subulate, ovate, bilo- bate, or other peculiar form, which I have always found charac- teristic of the genus; and which, after the great distinction of a single or a double anthera, I consider as the chief generic distjosr, tion of these plants. "The first result of this system. will be found. to, be.the. ‘separa: tion of the. true. Scitaminean: plants. from those. which, although of the same order, possess neither their peculiar construction nor. their inherent qualities. The latter of these may perhaps be properly denominated Canne ; à name applied by Jussieu to the whole tribe ; whilst the appellation of. Scitaminee should. be re- served for the true aromatic. plants only.. Other. important changes will also be indispensably necessary. The. genus. Amo- mum appears to include two genera, as distinct. from. each other. in their growth, habits, and qualities, as in their generic charac- ters. To one of these, which | comprehends the plants of the Ginger tribe, - I given the name. of Zingiber,— res stricting that of Amomum to TUS proper. ‘a damom plants. 4 By the same. method, the Amomum zedoaria appears to be a Curcuma ; the Alpinia comosa, and Alpinia spiralis of Jacquin are "epi ef. * « Lacinia cui anthera adfixa vel inserta improprie filamentum dicitur, sed vices. ejusdem praebet; labium superius nectarii appellari debet." Swartz. Obs. 9. ^"^ — ^^ This is also the opinion of Mr. Dryander, which on this subject, as on all others con- necied with. natural history, is entitled to the highest respect; and Dr. Swartz proba- bly | learn it at Sir Joseph Banks's when i England. In fact, this organ, like many. others, both in the animal and vegetable economy, performs two offices, and is both the filament supporting the anthera, and the upper lip of the nectary; but I: have pre- ferred the denomination of filament for the sake of consistency with the other plants of this order, which have a proper filament, to which I have also been: indien € consideration that by this. term my meaning is defined ina single word, . ` the Monandrian Class usually called Scitaminee. ^ — 335 the genus Costus ; and the Hellenia of Willdenow (Heritiera of Retzius) and the Renealmias figured in Andrews's Dotanists Re- pository unite themselves with the genus Alpinia. In forming the generic characters of these plants, I have cid relied on the more immediate organs of fructification ; without resorting to the exterior parts of the flower, respecting which great confusion has arisen among the writers on this subject.— That part which by some is called the corolla *, is by others de- nominated the inner calyx +; the outer one being short and sit- ting close upon the germen. By some the interior limb of the corolla, when it consists only of one petal, is called the nectaryt, whilst others apply that name to both the interior petal and its opposite anthera-bearing filament, considering the nectary as bila- biate§. Other authors have considered the glandular appendages at the base of the corolla as the nectary|; and the descriptions of these have been mistaken for what has been called the interior limb of the corolla. That I may not increase this confusion, I think it necessary to state, that independent of the anthera- bearing filament and style, I consider the flower of a true Scita~ minean plant as consisting of an exterior bractea or scale, a proper calyx, a corolla mostly divided into three lobes or sections, | enclosing an interior limb, which has sometimes two or three seg- ments, but invariably a petal-like nectary, which generally ter- minates in a large pendulous coloured lip, and forms the most conspicuous and ornamental part of the flower. — I must however observe. that none of these usc editione parts can be relied on for ¢ generic distinctions, | as they frequently differ greatly i in the different. peist: of the same genus. But .ó “Linneus T his editii &c. — ^ $ Jussieu. : —— t Jacquin frequently, but not invariably. § Swartz. || Retzius. € Willdenow. | wg uro this 336 Mr. Roscoz's New Arrangement of the Plants Scitaminee. this very circumstance renders them of the greatest use in de- termining the specific characters of these plants ; which are not always obtained without difficulty from the general habit and leaves. Of these facts whoever examines the parts of fructifica- tion of the Cannas, the Zingibers, or the Kempferias, will be fully convinced. 1 I must further observe that in the true Scitaminean plants, the stigma is almost uniformly hollow and cup-like, frequently compressed, with the edges of the cup finely ciliated. "The style is thread-like and flaccid, but so elastic, when stretched, as to bear a considerable tension. But these parts, which are often of so much importance in determining the generic yoni afford in this instance but little assistance. The principal distinctions on which it is proposed. to Susie the genera of these plants will appear in the following synopti- cal table; to which I shall add a brief notice of each genus, and an examination of the species, as far as either the plants, or good and authentic figures and descriptions of them, have enabled me to ascertain ams mith, SON Soe ` MONAN- Zasóugp - o — - v TES ipune ne snis : "eroe SHY) ^/Waouan) - - v. - - ced €rpour VULT i pee 3 P ex : "WaKOKY - -~ -'unjenorpuodde wiseq pe umuuwi T "um cut LR NE me y ` b B i di e de M E '801807) - I i i - -> S - ‘ouryd ‘oywao ood y sie a | 4E NIWY.LIOS “MAHIONIZ, -.- =e B sua Oud *ojeqnqns. eodyJ- Tm WINGY 4 E BO Seo con -mopuoqgüs nuweg eurpnnsuor ‘snoad snag mimes | cgadnp ur "KOIHOAQ3H - UM - . *jorguo] [dnp o1oyr1eqiue oquoum[y sn[Á1s unei 19$ 10u wesapue "nwaxnumq. Pasi cumiejdeo vus £ snj9919 'snssexo snydys f umsouiSnuv] unsuq pe. snxommQemepg '"'WSsOUXJA -. - 'suoosmqop vuns * snssy Jogrpeurpnirauo] 'snsso1dop 'snsse1o sujág RN > 4 " ‘ €, *$: TT 1 f | doid4 WOINAUH ient IUL Urp1oqjuv snsioA 'snsse1o sn[Ájs foAo1q *tunje]nqns umguour[: BXIUUI or1d010 : d > ig ab ut I mq weg RING s BIB E WNNFV2 | »'19qi[ *5n32219 SNJ ÁIG ; LJe oopropmiad *xojdurs ayy WNW) (ESSA. e o 4. = ND NU qo vir gang) os von pu VYHL- - - 'suoguu be os Neon vuidns amaido Ag VINVUVA xe} B X ES. , as ni bs TEX FVINADONOIV Pa m. S . VINGNVNOK 2 i Las ^ > bo o > 338 Mr. Roscoz's New Arrangement of the Plants of the. CANNA. Anthera simplex, filamenti margini adnata. Stylus crassus, claviformis. Stigma obtusum. Capsula trilocularis, Semina globosa, numerosa. Tap. XX. Fig. 1. 3 This genus is one of the most definite and certain of the Mo- nandrian plants. The species of which it is composed are not of extraordinary rarity, and. produce their flowers freely. The essential character consists in the single anthera, attached to the margin of the petal-like filament ; and in the strong erect club-shaped wus C. indica. Corolla: limbo interiore trifido ; ; taonga lanceolatis | acuminatis strictis. | Canna indica, var. rubra (4) Aiton. Hort. Kew. oa Gartner. 1. 37. tab. 12. i Bone aes = C. coccinea. -Coroll Tint 90 interiore tri strictis. toe : Canna indica var. coccinea (y) Aiton. Hort. Kew. Fig. Curt. Bot. Mag. tab. ADA, — Bot. Gard. =e | ido; laciniis emarginatis C. nan solle rs i inada trifido; laciniis eee B .. Canna indica, var. patens (2) Aiton. Hort. Kew. e lutea. i Core læ limbo interiore bifido. - | Canna indici var. lutea (8) A Hot gie , e °C, iiu, Monandrian Class usually called Scitaminee. © 39 C. glauca, Corolle limbo interiore trifido; laciniis ovatis strictis, nectario trilobato fimbriato. j Fig. Dillen. Hort. Elth. 69. tab. 59. fig. 69. Bot. Gard. Liverpool. C. flaccida, Corolle limbo interiore trifido ; laciniis flaccidis. Fig. Salisb. Ic. tab. 2. | Bot. Gard. Liverpool. MARANTA. Anthera simplex, filamento adnata. Stylus petaliformis. Stigma subtrigonum. Semen unicum. = © Tan. XX. Fig. 2. Maranta agrees with Canna in the single anthera being at- tached to the petal-like filament; but is sufficiently distinguished by the broad, petal-like, : sets Hye, pectmestetod 7 an angu- lar stigma. | It is surprising that any difficulty should have arisen in distin- guishing the plants of this genus from those of Alpinia ; which are true Scitaminean plants, with the filiform style. sup- pogen by the furrow: 9E the, double anibani. d whilst in 1 Maranta M. od Cao ramoso DCN foliis. ovato-lanceolatis nacea. subtus pilosiusculis. Willd. Sp. PL F A . Fig. Martyn. Cent. "n ue "99 LEE, Bot. Gard. Liverpool. oe M. lutea. Culmo ramoso nodoso, foliis c ovatis, foribus spicatis, | bracteis coloratis. © Fig. Jac. Ic. Rar. v. 2. tab. 101. Collect. v. 4 117. | are | M. comosa. 540 Mr. Roscoz's New Arrangement of the Plunts of the M.comosa. ? Linn. Suppl. 80. Communicated by Dr. Smith from the Linnæan Her- barium.— 4n novum genus? M. sylvatica, *— Bot. Gard. Liverpool ; but has not yet flowered. THALIA. Anthera simplex, ovata, filamento proprio depresso innixa. Stylus brevis, ab antherå deflexus. - Stigma perforatum, ringens. Capsula bilocularis. Semina duo, ginie: splendentia. Tas. XX. Fig. 3 This genus, although. considered by E as aee. aia? founded by Linnzus on the figure of Plumier only, is well distin- guished from the rest of the order, and confirmed by the disco- very of additional species, In their habit, these plants nearly ap- : proach Maranta, but differ greatly in their fructification ; having dic. a proper stamen and style, reflexed in o T. genicu- Calyce unifloro, culmo ramoso, sine Ewa lata. nosis. T sot € 98. 108. T dealbata. calyce bifloro, culmo arundinaceo pulverulento, foliis . . apice revolutis. - — Fig. Fraser 1c. — Bot. Gard. DLüverpool. - ` Monandrian Class usually called Scitaminee. —— 341 PHRY NIUM. Anthera simplex. —Filamentum subulatum, breve. Stylus crassus, brevis, antheram versüs inclinatus. Capsula trilocularis. Semen unicum, ovatum, leve. i From the Phyllodes placentaria of Loureiro, Willdenow has constituted this genus, which he has referred to the Hort. Mal. v. 11. tab. 34. This figure was considered as the Pontederia ovata of Linnæus; but Swartz, in his Obs., p. 123, has observed that it is of the Monandrian pm Mecca alied to Thalia, and perhaps a species of that genus. - | The full description es by Louwteiro enables us to charac- terize it as a genus, with tolerable accuracy; and its singular mode of inflorescence, from the petiole of the flowering leaf, Siibingeips it from all the rest of the Monandrian plants. P. , capitatum. Willd. Sp. Pl. v. 1. ‘17. | i DE: Rigt Hort. Mal. v. 11. tab. 34. MYROSMA. 7 dace simplex Suin, mems, dae Jengitüdivalite: furis" na scens. Capsula —— e, polyspeims. - — TAL AE. Fig. 4. In stamen : and style. this genus | resembles Thalia, from which it differs in having a trilocular capsule with many seeds. Willde- now observes that it is likewise. allied to Phrynium, but differs also in the fruit. ile M. canneformis. Willd. Sp. PL v. 1. 13. boron 021701 Lie e. vp NL can- 542 Mr. Roscor’s New Arrangement of the Plants of the x \ M. cannefolia. Linn. Suppl. 80. Erroneously referred by Linnzus to Rheede, Hort. Mal. v. 11. fab, 34. — (Phrynium capitatum) to which figure Gmelin has also referred his Maranta Allovia, and Pontederia ovata. PHILYDRUM. Anthera duplex. Filamentum ad basin lanuginosum, extra antheram non elongatum. Stylus erectus, in sulco anthere re- ceptus, Stigma capitatum. Capsula trilocularis. | Semina n nume- rosissima, minutissima, scabrata. Tas. XX. Fig. 5. | From the plant named by Loureiro Gareinia cochinchinensis, this genus was formed by Sir J oseph Banks, (who found the plant in New Holland) and has been adopted by Geertner and Willde- now. Although differing greatly in its habit from the rest of the order, it appears to be a true Scitaminean plant; the anthera embracing the style, and the dried flowers, when immersed in boiling water, emitting : a stron aromatic odour, — FS CS coat ust Wild. Sp. PL v. ] I cq XR m Fig. Curt. Bot. Mag. t. 788. Ger E v. l. ra tab. 16. "Ji 10; H EDYCHIUM: | Anthera duplex, | Filamentum gebicdlatüns extra antheram on elong atu Stylus filamento dupló bee acces tena- cissimus, i in I anthere reptas TIB “Wass XX. Be 6. Su -The bbos of etus peated by. J ussieu, that He dychium `- Monandrian Class usually called Scitaminee, = 348 is nearly allied to Kempferia, seems not to have been founded on any actual inspection of the plants, which differ no less in their habit than in their fructification. - Not to mention the long linear segments of the exterior limb ar the corolla, by which deno: feria is distinguished from every other genus, the difference be- | tween it and. Hedychium is strongly marked by the anthera-bear- ing filament; which in Kempferia extends beyond the anthera, and diverges into two foliaceous lobes, whilst in Hedychium the anthera is terminal, naked, and affixed to each margin of the filament. | ^n To Alpinia, Hedychium is more nearly related; but is sufli- ciently distinguished. by its long tube. and interior trifid corolla. It may also be observed that in Alpinia, the double anthera is attached in two adjacent lobes to the front of the filament, and not to the revolute margins, as in Hedychium. H. coronarium, Willd. Sp. Pl. o. 1. 10. — —Fig. Curt. Bot. M ag. 708. Bot. Gard. Liverpool. id : ib. | 0. the Alpinia racemosa of. Linnzus ;. of which | | a “specimen remains in his herbarium, which I have had an — oppor tunity of examining, vile the favour gd its Bigs liberal 944 Mr. Roscoz's New Arrangement of the Plants of the charácteristic is its simple uncrowned filament, terminating with the anthera which it supports; a distinction which sepa- rates it from all the rest of the tribe, except Philydrum and Hedychium ; from the first of which it is distinguished by the absence of the woolly. appendage at the base of the tube ; from the latter, by the anthera not being placed. marginall yon the filament ; and from both by its corolla, which (independent of the large-lobed. lip of the nectarium) consists of only. three segments, without any interior limb. - | I have no hesitation in referring to this ; pénus the Hellenia of Willdenow *, ( Heretiera Retzii ) and the plants given as Reneal- mias in Andrea Botanists Repository (fig. 360 and 421). These plants all agree with Alpinia both in habit and fructifica- tion. The growth is caulescent, the inflorescence terminal, the anthera flat and naked, the corolla has no interior limb (except the large petal-like nectarium may be so called)—circumstances of coincidence which surely forbid their being considered as dif- ferent genera. But although the genus pea of ' Willdenow, a and the Re- nealmias of Andrews's: Bot. Re } sorbed i genus Alpinia, this may not be th the F tata, the plant on which the genus Renealmia v was founded by the younger. Linneus 5 the racemus of which is described as not. * The name of Hellenia was em dee by E in honour of professor Hel- lenius of Abo, and applied to designate the plant now called Costus speciosus, which had before.been named by Kænig Banksia speciosa, and which Retzius had before in- tended to name Swartzia, but found that two genera | bad already been named by different persons after the eminent botanist to whom that appellation alludes. : Willdenow being aware that this plant was the Costus speciosus, abolished the name of Hellenia as ap- plied to it, but gave the same name to another tribe of- Monandrian plants, the Lan- guis of Koenig ; whic h Retzius had before, in a dinh Meran named Heritiera ; i that — having also been ERPE. ads Monandrian Class usually called Scitaminea. 345 terminal, but is said to rise from the trunk near the root. It must, however, be observed, that this part of the description was adopted, as Dr. Smith informs me, from the figures of Rumphius, v. 6. fig. 62, 63. which are now ascertained to be wrong ; and the synonym is consequently rejected by Willdenow. Whether the Renealmia exaltata may be found to be an Alpinia *, I have had no opportunity of determining. On this subject the observations of Mr. Haworth in the Bot, Rep. p. 421. are entitled to particular attention. A. racemosa. Nectario trifido, f foliis giete-lanceolatis s apice revo- UM -— lutis, capsulis striatis.- y. E Plum. Amer. tab. 2U. A. Galanga. Nectario emarginato, foliis lanceolatis enervibus, |... capsula trigono-ovata glabra. | Maranta Galanga. Linn. Amomum Galanga. Lour. Fl. Coch. oe Fig. Rumph. Amb. v. 5. tab. 63. A. yo Swartz Prodr. Nectario emarginato, : foliis Ianccolato-ovatis. s glaber . | has communicated a flower of this species from a West Indian specimen. A. malaccensis. Nectario apice denticulato, culmo simplici, foliis ; e e ires ih po — Meo obe en amnia de ig Willa. Sp- Pl. v. T 14. we Rumph. Amb. v. 5. It, tab. 71. fie. 1. * Dr. Smith i is of opinion, that the parts of its flower ‘Peay, agree "ds those of Renealmia nutans, which is certainly an Alpinia. -YOL. VIII. 2v OE A. Allughas. 946 Mr. Roscor’s New Arrangement of the Plants of the A. Allughas. | Nectario | bilobato, foliis lanceolatis integerrimis, T capsulis subspongiosis. Hellenia Allughas. Willd. Sp. Pl. v; i4. Heritiera Allughas. Retz. - Fig. Retz. Obs. fasc. 6. ts tab. 1. Anne Hort. Mai. v. 11. tab. e ? A. alba. Nectario bilobato, foliis integerrimis margine cal- s losis albicantibus ciliatis. .capsulà obsoleté sugu- losà colorata. - ficients alba. Willd. Sp. Pl. v. 1. 5. Languas vulgare. Kenig. in Retz. Obs. fasc. 3. 64. = por lucem od es EIC 6. 18. a chinensis, Necta margine. Tenten: foliis oblong sub- à ciliatis apice recurvatis. — .. Hellenia chinensis. Willd. Sp. Pi. v. t b Heritiera chinensis. Retz. Obs. fase. 6.18. d. Vie, Nectario obcordato quadrid. olis acutis denticulatis, capeulà gabri, seminibus quinis plu- ^ wibuskte: 53:53 S TERR aquatica. Willd. pun Pl. Ax 1. & 2 eitig HM- Bine Obs. Mite 6. 18. u tie CNectario obsoletd trilobate 4 Hiis witivotitsj foliis concen atis, capsul "vecti sit Es COM. Linn. Mant. 2. 170. — ee ati | ^. Fig. Andr. Bot. poms tab. 360. _ | Bot. Gard. Liverp - oe. | sub wülcerdia. Monandrian Class usually called Scitaminea. — — 343 Ay calcarata. Nectario- ovato-oblongo No cedit foliis x ensiformibus, capsula hirtá. - Fig. Andr Bot, Rep. tab 421. © | A. aaoi ? Foliid intr mirua Bot. Gard. Liverpool. .ZINGIBER. - Anthera duplex. —Filamentum extra antheram elongatum > apice subulatum, sulcatum. Stylus i in sulco angie receptus. = KE x E os SE ie ae a rd E. " Suns m het? eh It has been well et byJ y ussieu, that the Zingibers flower in a dense spike near to the stem, the Cardamoms in a lax panicle at the base of the stem *. Such : an uniform natural distinction in the habit of. these plants. gave great reason to sup- pose that by a closer examination sufficient generic distinctions would be ascertained. This expectation has been fully con- firmed. In the aah of the trim tribe, it appead that uA term ped g roove SE arov to o evë th T after i a has aed bolyan the lobes of the anthera, and which terminates ‘with the stigma a little beyond the extremity of. the filament; but in the plants of the Car- damom or proper Amomum ‘tribe, the anthera-bearing filament terminates in an ap ;endage c of three or more lobes, and differs also in other respects, as will be more particularly noticed under. the. genus. „Amomum. j | at or » Fiore in ding Ueriar Ocal? BARS (ju al si paniculati, ad basim caulis. Juss. Gen. 09; 79 ^7 5057 o8 0— z^ c T 2y2 nee e da 348 Mr. Roscon’s New Arrangement of the Plants of the - In adopting the name of Zingiber, I may be supposed to have tollowed Geertner; but it must be observed, that Gertner seems merely to have changed the name of Amomum for that of Zingi- ber. At least, the plants. described by him under that name are | all of the Cardamom tribe Sd Sate bean e. oftesale. Bisetets ovato-lanceolatis, laciniis corolle revo- lutis, nectario trilobato. . Amomum Zingiber. Willd. Sp. Pl. v. 1. 6. o . Fig. Jacq. Hort. Vind. 9.1. t. 55: s ope d Bot. Gard. et foe ponh sity | 2. Zerumbet. inte: ovatis bias laciniis coroll erectis / acutis, nectario bilobato. - i SAA Zerumbet. Willd. Sp. PL v. 1. +6. em Zir enfin tic dm decis A x Mags. - Laciniis corolle acutis con tario ovato concavo. E ťa a pene lB on 1 Cx Egi opt A roseum. — Been d finccapadn pes laciniis s coroll re- è ier ied nectario OIRRE feei $ vip ` d rian Class usually called Scitaminea. — 349 To the foregoing species several others may perhaps be added. I have two plants not’ hitherto* described, which have not yet fowered; but which I conceive to be of this genus. The leaves of both, when rubbed, emit a strong cinnamon-like odour ; but . they are probably specifically distinct from each other, the loves of comb one dero € wia or the other opore d Hs (as “Costus. ° Anthera duplex. Filamentum extra antheram elongatum, apice ovato-lanceolatum, planum. ^ Capsuk Más, extüs — Semina numerosa. Tis! XX. Fe 9 Although highly ortinmnental plants, the part on which the ge- neric distinction is chiefly founded. is more simple in these than in almost any others of the tribe ; the filament being petal-like, linear, flat, extending beyond the anthera, and terminating in an ovato-lanceolate apex. In their natural rabit these plants are : distinguished, fon the rest of the order by their ‘inclined | and cq. P L. Rar. Iydabs VI cis Bo Gard. à Lip a em C. alice aria ute e aiina vtrinque. E E z ; Fig. cos Hort. Mal. v. 11. tab. 8? e HE 350 Mr. Roscoz's New Arrangement of the Plantsof the C. spicatus. Willd. Sp. Pl. v. 1. 10. — - Nectario undulato sub-trifido, foliis acuminatis integer- rimis nitidis basi attenuatis. is Alpinia spicata. Jacq. Fig. Jacq. Amer. tab. 1. C. comosus. Nectario crasso oblongo canaliculato erecto apice quinquedentato, foliis lanceolatis andolsti siague subvillosis. «=. DERD c . Alpinia comosa. - Willd. Sp. Plo Ve pr Clas A gi * Fig. Jacq. PI. EP. v. 2. tab. 202. | C. spiralis. Nectario c concavo » intorno, foliis elongato-ellip- ticis coriaceis nitidis. - . Alpinia spiralis. Jacq. Per ded Hort, Schonb. 0... tab. 1. avid pata y TA». XX. Pu 10. By the two-lobed apex of the anthera-bearing filament this genus is sufficiently distinguished. from the rest of the tribe. | zs is not aore vithoŭt other striking characters; among which iE if the corolla are ‘he Fructihcwlbin’ of these plants arises without aie. scape or stem, from a general involucrum or "pe m e sessile on the root; containing a considerable | flowers, each Gare eec ai furnishei a proper talya: aR quaii pianiigshall shes Hr rs dedi I. me K. Pofunda: Class usually called Scitaminee, | ^ — 351 K. "nnn. ann laciniis dorsalibus lanceolatis acutis ; anticá 0o bipartitá: lacinulis. obovatis, foliis. ehem hte Eos use aln n Kempferia rotunda. Ties Sp. PL. pay 2. $e | | Fig. Rheede Hort. Mal. o. 11. t. 9. Jacq. Hort. Schon -- 9. 8. tab. 317. Curt. ores dn t. 920. - Bot. Gard. — K. Ulanga "Nectenr RR dace otros, obisilis; AiE: trilo- = batis ; „antich. bilobà midulató, foliis. ovatis subtüs . Alpini d — Die. fare x6 Fig Rheede Hort. Mal. v. 11. t. Al. _ Bot. Gard. Liverpool. i K angusti- Nectarii leciniis a ee fidis ‘ipa: anticd - folia. emarginatá, foliis lanceolatis subtüs n gareecentibue `; =v Bet. Gard. Liverpool. pu Lr Nectano lanceolato, Tolus ovatis. | | Kempferia rotunda, Don SR p EX XX. i n ; Although. suficient be 1 kn 352 Mr. Roscox's New Arrangement of the Plants of the Intherto united under the common name of Amomum, yet further observations on living plants will be necessary to ascertain their specific distinctions. A specimen of the plant on which the genus Amomum was founded by Linnzeus is preserved in his her- - barium ; the flower of which I have, by the favour of Dr. Smith, had an opportunity of examining; and have no hesitation in considering it as a distinct genus from Zingiber, and as agreeing in its generic distinctions with the Amomum angustifolium of Son-_ nerat, and with several others which will be enumerated amongst the species. In the trilobate apex of the filament this genus may be thought to resemble Curcuma ; but the difference be- tween them consists in the anthera being placed in Curcuma on the middle segment ef the filament ; whilst in Amomum it oc- cupies the entire filament ; and in the Linnean specimen the two lobes of the anthera seem to be placed near the margins of the filament, and only to approach each other by their being rolled in to receive the style. To this it may be added that the middle segment or. the filament i is in some Bs eee = Amomum bifid. a5: Ea i A. cardamondi Er He dog | a Spica radicali etn: obovata, foliis obovato-ellip- ticis cuspidatis. Willd. Sp. Pl. v. 1. 8. | Mino verum. Ger. emac. 1548. f. 6. Amomo legitimo degli antichi. Pona’ Baldo. 50. Cardamomum minus. Rumph. Amb. v. 5. 122. 7'^teb.65. f. 1. Bont Hist. Nat; 196. cum icone - (exclusá capsulá, que c — medii est). cuc minus. Gert. tab. g^ | ; + These synonyms have been | settled i gi inem i ios a comparison c a authentic specimens. : > A Sart | ; S U diane Monandrian Class usually called Scitaminea. 353 A. D Scapo nudo brevissimo, spicá capitata, foliis line- . lium. ari-lanceolatis. Willd. Sp. Pl. v. 1. 8. Amomum angustifolium. Sonnerat Ind. Orn. v. 2 242. t. 197. 7 Cardamomum majus. Offic. Zingiber Meleguetta. Gertn. tab. 12. fig. 1. A.repens*. ^ Scapo ramoso decumbente, foliis lanceolatis. | Willd. Sp. Pl. «. 1. 9. Amomum repens. Sonnerat Ind. Orn. v. 2. 240. t. 136. Fig. Rheede Hort. Mal. v. 11. tab. A. 5. Bot. Gard. Liverpool; but has not flowered. A Grana Pa- Scapo ramoso laxo, foliis ovatis. Willd, Sp. Pl. radisi. v. 1. 9. Fig. Rheede Hort. Mal. v. 11. tab. 6? A. villosum. Scapo vaginato brevissimo, spica subrotundá, bracteis lanceolatis flore longioribus. Willd. Sp. PU v. 178. ewe Beal Amb. v. 6. 137. tab. 61 fe 2 P P. AOb as pedmuculatis E bbur: inp. foliis acu- tis, ge Si globos Melanie Bus, Obs. fasc. A. echinatum. Spica yeaa semi gubglehost, capsulis sulcatis | . —echinatis globosis. Willd. Sp. Pl. v. 1. 8. ries n. 2. Retz. Obs. fasc. 3. 50. Fig. pe Amb. v. 6. 137. tab. 61. fig. 1. * Dr. Smith is padid Web this species, which affords the: common 1 Lesser Carda- mom of the shops, is really an Alpinia. VOL. VIII. 22 A. Af:elii. $54 Mr. Roscoz's New Arrangement of the Plants of the A. Afzelii. Scapo brevissimo, floribus aggregatis, foliis distanti- .bus ovato-acuminatis integerrimis glabris.. Amomum exscapum. Sims. Fig. Annals of Botany, No. 3. tab. 13. CURCUMA. Anthera duplex, bicalcarata. Filamentum qeialiormoe triloba- tum, medio antheriferum, SOS Tas. XX. Fig. 12. This genus is not less distinguished from Amomum and Zingi- ber (with which it has often been confounded) by its general habit and inflorescence, than by the parts of its fructification. In all the species the leaves are radical; but Zingiber and Amomum are both caulescent. Curcuma flowers from a simple scapus. The flowers are enveloped in large loose bractez, and not in com- pact scales a as in ue. From some circumstance, not easy to four barren stamina ange one fertile Stamens. a ppouedirity. which no subsequent inquirer has been able to discover. Mr. Dryander supposes that the generic character of Linneus was derived from his Curcuma rotunda, the Manja Kua of the Hortus Malabaricus*, which I have already referred to as Kempferia ovata. c. Zedoaria. Foliis ovatis acuminatis, bracteis emarginatis. . Amomun Zedoaria. Willd. Sp. Pl. v. 1. 7. iE Rheede Hort. Mal, v. 11. tab. 7. eens Obs. p. 8. "one the above igure t to be the P * Trans, of Lim. Soc; vol. 2. did eat s TM | | Amomum SNARES s Monandrian Class usually called Scitaminea. 355 _ Amomum Curcuma or Curcuma longa; and Jacquin (Hort. Vind. tom. 3. 7. ponite it as at least of the same genus. C. montana. Foliis ovatis acuminatis, bracteis lanceolatis apice coloratis. Fig. Roxb. Pl. Corom. v. 9. tab. 151. C. longa. Foliis ovato-lanceolatis, bracteis spatulatis. Amomum Curcuma. Jacq. Fig. Jacg. Hort. Vind. v. 3. tab. 4. Bot. Gard. Liverpool. The cuna rotunda of Willd. referred to the fig., in Hort. = Mal. v. 11. tab. 10. is a Kempferia, as above mentioned. GLOBBA. Anthera duplex. Filamentum lineare, incurvatum, longissi- mum, appendiculatum. Stylus laxus, filiformis, in medio an- there receptus. — incrassatam. Nectarium utrinque bifidum. = ae "Tin. xx. die 13. Z iie genus. in the whole order is more beautifully distinguished by its generic characters than Globba, of which one species only has been introduced, and that very recently, into this country. Its chief peculiarity consists in its anthera-bearing filament, which is of a very uncommon length, and terminates in an appendage resembling, in one species at least, two crescents or half-moons united to each other with the horns or points in opposite direc- tions. At the union of these is placed the double anthera sup- Honing the long filiform style, which frequently appears like a t. 2.22 loose 356 Mr. Roscor's New Arrangement of the Plants of the loose thread appended from the top of the anthera-bearing fila- ment to the corolla below. The whole flower is of a bright yel- low, and the tube and corolla somewhat hirsute. G. marantina. Filamenti appendiculo bilunato, spicà foliis bre- viore, bracteis latè ellipticis calyce longioribus. Linn. Mant. 2. 170. Sm. Exot. Bot. v. 2. 85. t. 103. Colebrookea bulbifera. Donn. Hort. Cant. 1. Bot. Gard. Liverpool. Flowered in October 1805, but not freely. Itis often viviparous, producing bulbs instead of flowers. ADDITIONAL NOTE. Sıxce the foregoing paper was read to the Society it has been discovered by Dr. Smith, from a comparison of a living speci- men with that preserved in the Linnean Herbarium, that the plant lately introduced into this country under the name of Cole- brookea bulbifera is in fact the Globba marantina of Linnwus, and the only species of the genus which Linnzus professes to have seen. How this plant, which is truly scitamineous, with the double anthera supported by a single filament and embracing the style, could be referred by Linnzus to the class Diandria, whilst the rest of its congeners were included under Monandria, it is difficult to conceive; as well as to reconcile his description in other respects with the appearance of the plant, The most probable causes of such a series of errors are stated by Dr. Smith, Ezot. Bot. vol. 2. p. 85. tab. 103. In consequence of this discovery I have adopted the name of G/obba, which genus should be removed from Diandria to M onandria. | This Monandrian Class usually called Scitaminee. 957 This alteration will excite the less regret, as the other Linnzan species of Globba are very different plants, and will proba- bly be referred either to some of the present genera of Mo- nandria, or will form new genera not yet described. The hete- rogeneous assemblage of which the Diandrian genus of Globba now consists, cannot in the present rapid progress of the science long remain united. - | But whilst the Monandrian genus Globba will thus necessaril y exclude many of the plants at present erroneously enumerated as species, it will admit several others of which specimens exist in Sir Joseph Banks’s and Dr. Buchanan's collections ; and among the rest the Hura Siamensium of Retzius; a plant which it has been hitherto found impracticable to reduce to any . determinate genus. For this information I am also indebted to Dr. Smith ; from whose further researches, aided by the excel- lent figures of Mr. Sowerby in Exotic Botany, we may shortly hope for a full elucidation of this very difficult subject ; my ac- knowledgments are also due to Mr. Dryander, whose intimate acquaintance with this tribe of plantsis well known, and who has done ine the honour of perusing the preceding arrangement, since it was read before the Society, and of suggesting several valuable Se GF m E co ram A c or iw ara E xo us TOMAR S 5 cm E af T "ve y A Ne 1X- XX. Extracts from the Minutr-Boox of the Linnean Society of London. Feb. 21. Tur Right Honourable Sir Joseph Banks communi- 1804. cated an account of the Centriscus Scolopax having lately been driven on the shore of a fishing cove belong- ing to Philip Rashleigh, Esq., at Menabilly near Fowey, Cornwall, whose letter on the subject to Sir Joseph, accompanied by a coloured drawing, was laid before the Society *. E Nov. 6. Read a letter from the President pare the fol- Jowing remarks on British plants : The Sonchus alpinus of Hudson, ceruleus of T Fi. Brit., introduced into the list of British plants on the authority of Wallis’s History of Northumberland, proves to be nothing more than Cichorium Intybus, according to the observations of Mr. Winch in the places where Wallis reports it to grow. Dr. Smith has however re- . ceived from Mr. George Don a specimen of the real E Sonchus ceruleus, gathered on the Scottish mountain of LE. z Lochnagore, so thatit is still entitled to a place in the — Flora Britannica. -The Lonicera Xylosteum of Wallis is found also by. = e Mr. Winch to be only a dwarf maritime variety of * A figure of this fish has been published by Mr. Donovan in his Nat. ‘Hist. of British Fishes, tab. 63 A zs I. Peri- - r Extracts from the M inute- Book of the Linnean Society. 359 Jan. 21. 1806. L. Periclymenum, and his Cistus eni iid to ' be C. Heli- anthemum. Ligusticum scoticum was found in July 1804, near Taaa castle, Northumberland, by Mr. Winch, for the first time in England. Juncus Forsteri was observed this summer in a wood between Hall Place and Harley-ford, eee by Mr. W. F. Drake. An error in the last page of Fl. Brit. vol. 3. requires correction. Bartramia ; gracilis is to be struck out of the Trish Flora only, Mr. Dickson's Scottisli plant, given to . Dr. Smith in 1788, being perfectly right. Read a letter from the President, stating that Bux- baumia aphylla has lately been found growing at p ston near Norwich. CATA- CATALOGUE. OF THE LIBRARY OF THE LINNEAN SOCIETY, Continued from Page 313 of Vol, VII, of the Society's Transactions. N. B. Books which are Continuations of Works included in any of the former Parts of the Catalogue have the original Numbers here affixed to them; and the other Books are numbered in regular Progression. | occ RE i —À ESIE : De 589. Banxs’s (Sir Joseph) Short Account of. the Cause of the Disease in Corn called Blight, Mildew, and Rust. London, 1805, 4to. 590. Biot (J. B.) Relation d’un Voyage fait dans le Departement del'Orne. — Paris, _ 1804, 4to. - a, vol. 2. Olissiponæ, 1804, 8yo, 592. Phytographia Lusitaniæ selecti -, fasc. 1. Olissiponze, 1800, 4to. 593. Camper (M. A. G.) Notice de la Vie et des Ecrits de Pierre Camper. Paris, 1803, 8vo, 594. Chevalier's (T.) Treatise on Gun-shot Wounds. London, 1804, 8yo. 595. De Geer (C.) Mémoires pour servir à l'Histoire des Insectes, tom. 7. Stockholm, 1752—78, Ato. | 538. Dillwyn’s (L. W.) Synopsis of British Conferve, fasc. 5—11. London, : 1803—6, 4to. eae Se vest, . 596. Galpine’s (J.) Synoptical Compend of British Botany. Salisbury, 1806, 8vo. 597. Haworth (A. H.) On the ZEgyptian Lotus. London, 1804, Ato. .598. Hill's (J.) Vegetable System, 94 vols. London, fol. - sagt oH [m 599. Hyacinthus (P. F. C.) Index Plantarum Horti Botanici Melitensis. 1806, 19mo. 600. Koeler (G. L.) Sur les Boutons et Ramifications des Plantes. Mayence, 1805, 4to. pion eae 354. Konig (C.) and J. Sims’s Annals of Botany, No. 4—5. London, 1804— 5, 8vo. REU AIEE Ta ee & 8 : EAS 601. Lace- & Lee Pe a EY ; t ¥ a Y y 7 i ^ ` * i v * * 1 £ialógue of the Library of the Linnean Society. o.p] 601. da (C. ) Genera Plantarum cur. Reichard. Francofarti ad Misáunt; 1778, 8vo. 602. Lyons (J.) ness Plantarum circa A nascentium. Lond. -Sye 4763; 8vo. cep S sn -Maton's (W. G.) General; View i“ eu Writings of Lacon by Pulteney, with : Corrections, Additions, and Memoirs of the Author. London, 1805, 4to. ih 846. Roxburgh's (W.) Plants of the Coast of Coromandel, vol. 2. part 4. London, fol. 604. hows (E.) Plantarum Guianæ rariorum NS et Descriptiones, vol. 1. ons ge — 1805, fol. £05. Schumacher (C.F ) Enumeratio Plantarum Seelandiæ Septentrionalis et genuis, 2 vol. Hafniæ, 1801—3, 12mo. : 606. Smith's (J. E.) Natural History of the rarer Lepidopterous Insects E Georgia, from the Observations of John Abbot. @vols. London, 1797, 4to. - AM. Suid "P Sowerby's. ord vol. 20—23. "London, 1804—6, are .8vo. de eee eR - eor. Smith (J. E.) ud. Senis: s Exotic Best. No. .1—22. Senden, 1804—6, 4to. 568. Sowerby’s (J.) British Mineralogy, No. 20—40. ~ London, 1804—6, 8vo. 608. British Miscellany ; No. 1—12. London, 1804—6, 8vo. ~ 609. Thunberg (C. P.) Icones Plantarum Japonicarum Yun 5ta. Upsaliæ, p fol. domu Dissertationes aade? ee eto. Antholyza. - cr : - 611. . Bleria. = ze bec X GR ocu i -619. ^ Phylica. | i 613. Thesium. 614. Remedia Sternutatoria. i 615. Horfi D pricas Plante. ohe. i ei Tg ee i ge Te r e (D. n X | "Dites Botan C Guide through Englanda e | Wales, WAZ London,-1805, 8vo. ioo T 1 - 617. Wade (W.) Plante rariores in. iharaira. Dublin. 1804, 6. - 618. Walckenaer (C. A.) Tableau des Araneides. Paris, 1805, 8vo. - — | 619. Weber (F.) & M. H. Mohr, Naturhistorische Reise; dureh. einen. sma Schwe- |. dens. Gottingen, 1804, NW — 488. Philosophical a of the eid Society of London for 1804—6. "Lows 2s .don,4to. ^ '- a 439. Transactions of the Site for die ubooragettent of Ans, Manufactures, and ce ‘Commerce, vol. 22—23. London, 8vo. . Be ape 2 440. Memoirs of the Literary and Philosophical Society of Manchester. Sec = puc 0 series, vol. 1: Manchester, 1805, 8vo. cen m bt e. 528 - Asiatic Researches, vol, 8.- Calcutta, 1805, Ato. - = (0 0 Voke VIIL 3A - ; Ln > ys . Transactions of the Royal Irish Academy, vol. 10. Dublin, 1808, » Transactions of the American Philosophical Society, vol. 6, part 1. x Jw PES Aere i. (894 585 edet ves A Se e z se Be Sane Bad E Edinburgh, 2 1806, 4to. es Shas wol RS OP 621. Nova Acta Acadet ‘Sciences 1 a A E Acta A poli, 4to, cm Montagnes, 2 iom. HIE z M k! 7 i 2T à 2 mmittee on the asos of : supposed Small Po ort of a A cdical GC x after Vac- - London MEE rye NS WO — — e ais b P = ~*~ .. D. Felix de Avellar Brotero, FMLS: 591. 592. Mr. Thomas Chevalier, F.L.S. 594. (c. LIST OF PRORORS LIBRARY OF THE LINNEAN SOCIETY, 55 With References to the Kunter affixed in the foregoing Cata- logue to the Books presented by them respectively. + x Tus Royal Society of London, 438. The Royal Society of Edinburgh, 527. The Royal Irish Academy, 584. . The Asiatic Society, 528. The American Philosophical Society, 585. The Honourable Court of Directors of the East India Company, 346. Society for the Encouragem at of Arts, Manufactures, and Comanerce, 439. ary ad Philosophical oden of Manchester, 440. | The Horticultural Society of London, 624. The Right Honourable Sir Joseph Banks, Bart. K.B. H.M.L. S. 589. 593. 601. 619..620. 621. 692. s sn 4 | 4 ; ‘ ý Mr. Lewis Weston Dillwyn, F.L.S. 538., - Jonas Dryander, Esq. V.P.L.S. 605. za e 1 D. Hippolitus Durazzo, F.M.L.S.. 623. 4 Edward Forster, Jun. Esq. F.L.S. 602. ae MI Lieut, Colonel Thomas Hardwicke, F.L.S. 598. $964 c Donors ta the Library of the Linnean Society. Adrian Hardy Haworth, Esq. F.L.S. 597, George Lewis Koeler, M.D. 600. Mr. Charles Konig, FS. y — . and p 54. John Sims, M.D. F.L.5. 2 Alexander MacLeay, Esq. Sec. L.S. 590. William George Maton, M.D. V.P.L.S. 608. Mr. Charles Pears, F.L.S. 625. Edward Rudge, Esq. F.L.S. 604. | . Mr. James Sowerby, F.L.S. 377. 568. 607. 608. Sir Charles Peter Thunberg, M.D. ioe L.S. 399, 609. 610, 611. 612, ata, 614. 615. i - Dawson Turner, Esq. F.L.S. | and. jos. Mr. Lewis Weston Dillwyn, F.L.S, Walter Wade, M.D. A.L.S. 617. M. C. A. Walckenaer, 618. - Patrick Wilkie, Esq. F.L.S. 599, Joseph Windham, Esq. F.L.S. 595. DIREC- Asi eeu itas Ru uec s | DIRECTIONS FOR PLACING THE PLATES i OF THE ' | ^ EIGHTH VOLUME, Sa aii r1 E 7 oe AE E E e E i ag NS aoe a E RA WAP Bitch Shells - < <- - + - 54 todat page 240 : ‘pie aiiin, He 9 o e cv» s) n ymur. e. 200.. 7. Dipus indicus - = = >» IS are g Ce om ed M n 279 8. Styphelia amplexicaulis - - - -.- - - -.--*- 2939. 9, Cyathodes laurina > - - - tome teen ne 998. 10, Tetratheca glandulosa , “11. Tetratheca Ericæfolia . 12, Beckea linifolia - - - - Tum 1 a 8 Uu v a ees €, 4 1 8 © t FEAR LAS Pes ee t5 N $ È -— e a L] L] L] LI 1 Li * ‘ a 1 V ' LI se: bo ' ‘ ' LI 4 1 1 LI 5 E Li 1 En D 17. Caltha radicans 18, Rudgea lanceefolia VÀ ON MA Mor ee ae 19, Rudgea ovalifolia - cin I mI ER Uu ia ec» 898 S99 Generic Characters of ‘Sciaminean Plants ROREM a 4 Li ` D e ' 4 a Lu d 1 9 t5. ADDENDA rr CORRIGENDA, - : Page 2, 1. 96, for de Serres read de Serra, , usd at the bottom, for Linn. Trans. vol, vi. read Lina, Trans, vol, vii, > 95. 1-18, d 94, l. 4, Esi for Nat. Hist. of t read Brit. Shells, asy > 26, last line; 24, between lines 8 and 9 from the bottom, insert Pulteney i in Hutch. Deiat: t, 2. Wi. 9. 27, l. 7 from the bottom, for p. read n. ~ 7 28, l. 9 from the bottom, for subtriangulari read compressa ; and add, after the ward x levi," ~ thë words pedunculo insidente. * $4, l. 3 from the bottom, for 2125 read 2127. $6, l. 9, for f. 8. read f. 2. — i. 16, for posterius hiante read postice hians, 50, above line 2 insert ** Ovate, compresse. 52, 4. 13, for substriata read subrostrata. = 54, l. 2 from the bottom, for rectiuscula read rectiusculo. $6, L9 from the bottom, for suhgioboio-teserima read subglobosa, —— 71, margin, for f. 10. read f. 11. 78, 4. 7, for mutice read-mutica, - 87, /. 2 from the bottom, for f. 14. read f. 13. = 92, i. 10, for 117. read 547. To the references for Arca minuta add Datina in mae; Dorset. t, 1. £ 16. 95, i. 5 from the bottom, dele the word ineguivalois. - = Seba © oe 96, /. 13, after the word testa insert inequivalvi. nt, LS aud 6 from the bottom, for compresso-carinatis read compressis, echinatis, 98, /. 14, dele the words striis compressis echinatis, —— 1. 18, after the word testa insert inequivalvi, ~ - 99, J. tt, 101; 4 8$, 106, L 16, for afixa read afrus, — `. > `o 7 à 111, l. 17, for epidermide read epidermidi, - == 118, J. 9, after the word testa insert recta. - 122, l. 12 from the bottom, for aperta read aperte, 225, 1. 9 from the bottom, for J. 13. read f. 12. 128, transfer ir eem to Pulteney, placed under Bulla retusa, to B. obtusa; and MA 13. read 137. 1. 13 from the bottom, for vulgaris read vulgare, : 138, i. 12, for f. 19. read f. 23, ca ^ make the same insertion, x M pee or me nt _-—— | 11 from the bottom, for A. read B, es "e ccc a ADDENDA i » CORRIGENDA. Page140, 1 ios iis loea, after the word An i inert speci t — 3 Lm vy 149, Z 4 from the bottom, after the word enfra bus ix NX. — | : 451, L5 from the bottom, for f. 11. read f. 1. A s. E P ria l. 19, for the words has leen decried and red ny, read was first described and figured as a -—— British. res due i <- — 358, last line, for frequentisina read frequentius quu Le Huh di Me p rd . ET .. 161, dele lines 5, 6, and 18, ; z TA PUE ULT 162, I. 8 from the bottom, Est cinia Wiad Peri 2 DU NEAR UE LP RUE M PE i 3 —— 49 from the bottom, for labrum read labium. “ * RR: Bs ois RUD 164, 1. 18, for f. 12. read f. 11, e m j Ei - Det: — EENT AR a a | | 175, 1.7, D - 116, 1. 1%, ica 191, 1.9, : E - 185, P Box du foni f 12. read f. 12.9 TEE E^ : S 184, /, 2 from the bottom, dele the words idole of der D ER E S S ves go y 192, at the bottom, for t, 9. read £. 19, , dies ros Rec Tau Eae IES | 193, margin, for t. 4. read t.5. - SIO Ga SWE ORT cu ur uA d "A LS : 195, 4. 10 from the bottom, for 36.40, read 3640, o e. int ces E e 200, l. 4 from the bottom, forthe wards vicum red th word eubiilium, Le Š eae as l. 14 from the bottom, for aspera read aspersa. ——— v m d d =~ et 209, to the reference for H, decustata vl Pulteney in Hutch, Dat 191. estu PES us = A 914, LUN AT z ; E eo M ES ae eT 5 | 5 ees 217, 1.8, before the word Takas insert Color. ` ee E E ga : — tothe rerence for H fori add Pulteney i Hate Dora t, 19. 223, cop f for Bulloides read MH