J

JOURNAL OF SCIENCE

‘\¢ ‘THE PHILIPPINE

EDITED BY

PAUL C. FREER, M. D., Pu. D.
3 WITH THE COOPERATION OF

D. MERRILL, M. S.; F. W. FOXWORTHY, Pu. D.
B. ROBINSON, Pu. D.; H. N. WHITFORD, Pu. D.

waa ns ‘

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as THE BUREAU OF SCIENCE
“ Be. OF THE
_ GOVERNMENT OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS %

C. BOTANY © ieee
VoLUMD. Viwiiie ae '
1916 3 ee

Pee

WH 4 PLATES, AND 1 MAP

MANILA ‘
A BUREAU OF PRINTING 5
2 a 1910

Pe
i

Niu. ist STA GARDEN. *

1,
2,
3,
. 4,
5,
6,

DATES OF ISSUE.

pages 1 to 94, May 27, 1910.

pages 95 to 166, July 20, 1910.

pages 167 to 266, August 19, 1910.
pages 267 to 370, September 27, 1910.
pages 371 to 464, December 13, 1910.
pages 465 to 576, January 20, 1911.
Ir

ia til ie ies | ae oi
@ are ;

CONTENTS.

No. 1, May, 1910.

Page.
I. Merrill, E. D. An Enumeration of Philippine Leguminosae, with Keys
to the Genera and Species........... Re ee eee tee eee Ss Pee ti Meaecc seni econ cs 1
No. 2, July, 1910.
I. Merrill, E. D. An Enumeration of Philippine Leguminosae, with Keys
to the Genera and Species (Gdncluded)) aidan gsceecnac4s-csseasansee—--snndsascane 95
Il. Brotherus, V. F. Contributions to the Bryological Flora of the
Pcs char, aa 8 A ears aeons a Aeremseely <2 S-CAEI \” Reem per ee tone Perea er 137
Til. Syme Bi. ot BP. Fumpgi Philippimerng ooo cac nice svi cos ictesnc ene os esen Fo 163
No. 3, August, 1910.
I. Merrill, E. D. New or Noteworthy Philippine Plants, VIII.................... 167
II. Merrill, E. D. Index to Philippine Botanical Literature, VI.................-.- 259
' No. 4, September, 1910.
I, Gamble, J. Sykes. The Bamboos of the Philippine Islands...................... 267
II. Copeland, Edwin Bingham. Additions to the Bornean Fern Flora.......... 283
III. Merrill, E. D., and Merritt, M. L. The Flora of Mount Pulog................ 287

No. 5, November (December), 1910.

I. Merrill, E. D., and Merritt, M. L. The Flora of Mount Pulog (con-

CARTS Lee By ee a er ee lef eesg eg ae Pn Bear eee” 2. SA Ee 371
II. De Candolle, C. A Revision of Philippine Piperaceae.........................------- 405
No. 6, December, 1910 (January, 1911).
I

RamammecieO, Bb, Philippine Urticaacag.. 252 8,...-cktgersisy-secagersseneyorceeeeayeer- 465

PCa TOC Sanne Toei! sD se cy Pe DE IT 6 2k ces wanabiydes¥ecseonnsees > OLO

NE Sree ae, fv eR eS ae ee “a

a i, > JUST ISSU BB.
THE SUGAR INDUSTRY IN THE ISLAND OF NEGROS

By HERBERT S. WALKER.
145 pages, 10 photographic plates, and 1 map.
Price $1.25, United States currency, postpaid.

CONTENTS. |
Page
Introduction .............. si SER aT : 9
General information regarding Nir iccisercetresssevcctcrpecete: ssi acres sceeciessscoeneness 10
Geographical Location cscs scabimetctsetstiaresneoneessets stu fe ce ees 10
‘ Size, shape, and area poly RS RR ro OE 10
DV ua rte ria Pecos cc seers ecco ere eta ace TE eee ee corte caves Leesa rst etsoceetecomteerencticetee 11
TRIVORS ( ciectes corte ee ee eee ; 11 a
CUR C6 oso Scere ceca ei eteeeinoseee aes 11
Tew tyzer Del tccs1.- vcs cscs aerate ane slau Cae Oh aca eames enstiseie 14
The Cast COast........-.sssessssenberssenbise seccense tied : 15
Other sugar-producing districts of Negros oe 15 ;
History of sugar prodwUcis@myMemriPOe nn. :<- ccs. enncsdsvenetesccesentinst ence nscneneoseseovs 16
Recent statistics BRS ooh gape Rll gaia ececarctgeeeecnes 16
Varieties of cane grown in Negros Pade : 18 a
PE imea som O10 iNOGCk WIM ssseennceescs~------~+-<+- ches scoecesscsnasnsensecunecnsazecvonecs 19
ements Y Of the plamtar ea tirescesssccscq-ccecccccenas-eaccecenenesseccenomensesensecess 19
Native labor: Difficulties, past and present....................-.-- aes acest 20
The principal sugar-producing districts of Negros..............-..---..-:::1e:seeee eee 22
POR iin saeacis sc once onntecee a 22
Bago ine es Ale SEA Sa 27
Pontevedra-La Carlota, .............-.0-+.-+---++ een ee = 37
Binalbagan-Isabela ~ oe 2 ue i 43 =
Tlog-Cabancalan aaa ba tis ass te veedecco nse evsesecsd oceaecarcgeceassons 49 ;
San Carlos . <sccscccsesteaiieneieitssgueseosecsy-oshinen cixjsathcreateosnse 55 ,
Bain sc. foe ee ee 64
The soil of Negros compared with that of other sugar-producing countries.... 68 |
Average composition of the soils of Negros. .............-..-.:s:scscesccseessceceeeeeeeemeees 68
Hawaiian soils pak acep seine causenees sree 70 ,
Egyptian soils Me cher a eran 70 4
Louisiana soils........ 71
PVR ORS «a aan eeshesace nace ienterweses 71 |
Demerara soils................ fk
SOT G BL a care ocre ca es tiisorencnns sees cna son tet chen Sane enfeweeresyriveer erence: 72
Mauritius soils... eee 72 ’
Comparison of Negros soils with those of other countries 72
Fertilization in Negros 73

[OVER.]

OS ee ee Y pee

-
.
.

\-

se aS ee |

Order No. 412.

The cane of Negros ee nae
Average composition of the purple or native sugar cane in Negros..........
Other varieties of cane grown in Negros..............-..cc..c00ssssssceseessceecesoeseseoemers
Cane in the Hawaiian IslandS..................ccssssee sees
TON gt SSSI BE CS 5 A ee a
Java cane rae
I IN lah cea caiceeee stent cen psnseese sncsvipeneroesvcomishionss stlinemmeiaskantiananncsns
West Indian cane
Negros as compared with ‘other countries in respect to the quality of

RE, Sreicediibee espana bcsdlichinntptapthckexconslgalbpncdlbresth cane
Desirability of introducing other varieties of cane..
The cultivation of sugar cane and the production of § sugar as carried on
at the present time in Negros...
Preparation of the soil...
Preparation of the seed...................:0 ;
I snips ccmdestbieibeveilitikesenennsinchiodbensectenasedichphatnhahse vssetnatescorslligencelisashaniasiiasstes
Cultural operations after planting..........i....-.:..<<s<svsss-csnsigeieussninecenesnresteis
CUR H0k RUOONL, RINDI airraeaiieie ncn hic ccc nce 0b vo ee onde esmnnniaealannpetibe bortee
Period of growth of the cane......................-
RUE EE TTR UONE NOIR 5 pecticccvecbaitnnetlbcidlcmcemeesenhipabibcspitiasied Hseiend
ORIN CO ING is ccaieciencscttesvscrittrctnnicecccasyaigeetccboveeredsoesinn
Transporting the cane to the mill...
Cost of cutting the cane and transporting Bt. to the mill peje is Si Sheehan

Manufacture of sugar from the cane........ is cck vets anallilatiabee tasooys
pe RS ae peer Hae een Seeker 7. eae
Manufacture of sugar from the juice he ere steemee cracls 6).
Quality of the sugar produced in Negros......................csssssesssesceesnesseneeees
Cost of manufacture CLT EN oR A ce =e
Teemepertation-sam wale of the sugar .Ao ink. 2... artist tiene

Estimate of average cost: of Sa Me... .cpise sins sccocecccccsesnessesdenammedbeasiogecesoee
Quantitative experiments to determine the weight of sugar produced
SeOMR..B Given” Weight Of Came... femeenssnn- ans cnce ene scebdbbamemnensabinieoenoves
Mill Control No. 1, hacienda San Jose ie is ih
Mill Gontrol no, 2: hatienda San JOsdeco2...... .-<-.---.--sepiacsgunessivaibegoeacas
Calculation of the average cost of producing sugar in Negros by the
methods now eMployed. .............ccerccccogaccetnssenrences secosencenseasesensennabaamnagessncenee
Cost for labor alone
Estimate of fixed charges for maintenance and depreciation of plant
and interest on the capital invested..................--.-.0+
Total cost of production ................<.c..ssses

Possibilities for improvement..........-....-..-.----...- ee eo
Se ar vealndallsterite agcrrn r~oen=<linsiiianiGiiaaaieiiasd ine
se aR no nee
Advantages of a change to modern methods of manufacture.................--

The future of Negros. ............ecs-c-o--20---n-ecceoee sntnntboweoessotencesnee eee

BUMMALY «.....-.-.eceen-scoreoeseesorssceensencserssnsecssosecscenssennecs ceseasee sees

Appendix
An investigation to discover if diseases of the sugar cane exist in

NN iia

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CIRCULARS AND DESCRIPTIVE MATTER SENT ON APPLICATION.

INDO-MALAYAN WOODS

BY

FRED W. FOXWORTHY.

(Being Section C, No. 4, Vol. LV, of the Philippine Journal of Science. )

Orpver No, 411.

182 PAGEs. 9 PHOTOGRAPHIC PLATES.

Price $0.50, U. S. currency—Postpaid.

TABLE OF CONTENTS.

I. Introduction.
a, Erroneous popular notions with regard to eastern timbers.
b. Object of this work.
c. Definition of the Indo-Malayan region.
d. Review of previous work and acknowledgments.
II. Properties of Wood.
a. Woods of Tropics and Temperate regions compared.
b. Weight and hardness, tables.
c. Strength, work of Newton, Gamble and Gardner.
d. Odor, color, taste.
III. Suitability of different woods for special purposes.
a. Enemies of wood.
b. Woods exposed to salt water.
c, Ship and boat building.
IV. Rare, ornamental, or precious woods.
V. Comparative chart of common names.
VI. Timbered areas and future supplies of wood.
VII. Species notes.
VII. Index.

This valuable work is interesting both from the standpoint of com-
mercial and scientific importance. As will be seen from the Table of
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A MANUAL OF PHILIPPINE BIRDS.

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MAY, 1910
THE PHILIPPINE

JOURNAL OF SCIENCE

EDITED BY

Vou. V

PAUL C. FREER, MM D<ePa. ae
| WITH THE COOPERATION OF

s.: F, W. FOXWORTHY, Pu. D.

KE. D. MERRILL, M.
HITFORD, Pu. D.

C. B. ROBINSON, PH. Di NW

PUBLISHED BY

THE BUREAU OF SCIENCE

oF THE

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THE HISTORY OF SULU.

By Nagrgp M. SALEEBy,
274 pages,

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THE PHILIPPINE

JOURNAL OF SCIENCE

C. BOTANY

Vou. V MAY, 1910 No. 1

AN ENUMERATION OF PHILIPPINE LEGUMINOSAE, WITH
KEYS TO THE GENERA AND SPECIES.

By E. D. MERRILL.

(From the Botanical Section of the Biological Laboratory, Bureau of Science,
Manila, P. I.)

This family ranks second or third in number of species among those
represented in the Philippines, being definitely exceeded only by the
Orchidaceae. It seems probable, when our material of the Rubiaceae is
carefully revised, that the latter family will somewhat exceed Legumi-
nosae in the number of species found in the Archipelago. A rough
estimate of the former, based on the classified and unclassified material
available here, brings the number of species approximately to the same
figure as Leguminosae, but novelties are much more numerous in Rubia-
ceae than in Leguminosae, and the species appear to be more local. The
introduced element in Leguminosae is comparatively large, but in Rubia-
ceae there are relatively few introduced forms.

An attempt has been made in the following enumeration to account
for all the genera and species of the family that have been credited to
the Philippines in botanical literature; to determine, so far as possible,
those which really extend to the Archipelago, excluding the forms
erroneously credited to the group by various authors, and to classify the
abundant material accumulated in the herbarium of this Bureau. during
the past few years, describing the apparently new forms.

The material available for study comprises a complete set of all the
collections made by employees of this Bureau, and the Bureau of Forestry,
as well as numerous other collections of recent date, some of Cuming’s
Philippine plants, and occasional specimens collected by Mr. Loher.
Opportunity has occurred, previous to the inception of this work, of ex-
amining the Philippine material collected by Cuming, Vidal, Loher, and

others, preserved in the Kew Herbarium, as well as various Philippine
93664

J

"4 MERRILL.

types in the United States National Herbarium, the Berlin Herbarium,
DeCandolle Herbarium, and Philippine material in some other institu-
tions. ) : ;

A considerable amount of work has been done in the past on Philip-
pine Leguminosae, so that in the great quantity of material examined,
I have found it necessary or expedient to describe as new, only a single
genus, twelve species, and a few varieties. A number of complicated
cases of synonymy were encountered, some of which I have not as yet

been able to solve in a satisfactory manner. In accordance with the -

rules of priority approved by the Vienna Botanical Congress, a certain
number of changes have become necessary, and in most cases the earliest
valid name has been adopted, both in genera and species, except in the
case of the former, where the list of nomina conservanda of the Vienna
Congress has been accepted.

A tabulated list is given below of the retained generic names, as ap-
proved by the Vienna Congress, and also the rejected ones, so far as this
affects Philippine Leguminosae.

Retained names. Rejected names.

rndse.ponren, (1489) nce Apalatoa Aubl. (1775).
Touchiroa Aubl. (1775).
Waldschmidtia Seop. (1777).

Pterolobitm .R.. Br. (1814) ...0..-22.00:..<.- Cantuffa J. F. Gmel. (1791).
Peltophorum Walp. (1842) .........0..0....... Baryxylum Lour. (1790).
ORERURIM ete (CUO E Eo hi... ak evsnnaesen Toulichiba Adans. (1763).
aepurceme Pere. (1807) au.......,.-.... Cracea L. (1753).

Colinil Adans. (1763).
Needhamia Scop. (1777).
Clianthus Banks & Soland. (1832) ....... Donia G. Don (1832).

Ormocarpum Beauv. (1804)................... Diphaca Lour. (1790).
DOME GI RA Ue. CPB rece. sence cicccosesandsevcobeunns Damapana Adans. (1763).
Desmodium Desy. (1813)....../....252........ Meibomia Adans. (1763).
Pleurolobus St. Hil. (1812).
Alysicarpus Neck. (1790)....................... Fabricia Scop. (1777).
pemeewe Ty. F.. LR TSL ) a... sccteninajcssseontivens Amerimnon P. Br. (1756).
Eeastaphyllum P. Br. (1756).
Pongamua Vent.. (1602) .......:..:........s00. Pongam Adans. (1763).

Galedupa Lam. (1786) (quoad descr.).
Pungamia Lam. (1797).

mrerremsmatars : 1 ( 1 (00) cctv. 2ekcis eke cies nck Salken Adans. (1763).

Solori Adans. (1763).

Deguelia Aubl. (1775).

Cylizoma Neck. (1790).

Bradburya Raf. (1817).

Vexillaria Hoffmg. (1824).

Centrosema Benth. (1838) .......00000....... .

%

Mucuna Adans. (1763) ............ ios 28 ents

Moeyvnchosia. dour. - (1790)... 4.00
Pachyrrhizus Rich. (1825)..............0......
Psophocarpus Neck. (1790) ......002.......

Zoophthalmum P. Br. (1756).
Stizolobium P. Br. (1756).
Dolicholus Medic. (1787).
Cacara Thou. (1805).

Botor Adans. (1763).

is

ENUMERATION OF PHILIPPINE LEGUMINOSAE. 3

In the above list the 18 retained names given in the first column would
‘be displaced by the older ones, given in the second column, were the
principles of priority to be applied without reservation. The author
does not personally approve of all the retained generic names, and it is
believed that in a number of cases better results would have been secured
had the list been made up with more discretion. The list will not bear
close inspection without showing its deficiencies, both in names included,
and in those omitted. The method by which these names were selected
appears to have been purely arbitrary, with little or no consideration of
the facts in the individual cases, and it is believed that, granting a list
of nomina conservanda to be expedient and necessary, better results would
have been secured, had a proposed list been adopted by the Vienna Con-
gress, for definite acceptance or rejection at the next International
Botanical Congress, thus giving opportunity for some discussion of the
proposed names, arguments for and against the adoption of certain ones,
and opportunity to propose additions to the list.

In the Leguminosae of the Philippines alone, similar action should
have been taken in the case of several genera, in order to have made the
list of nomina conservanda consistent. Hntada Adans. (1763), should
have been retained instead of Pursaetha L. (1747), Gigalobium P. Br.
(1756), or Lens Stickm. (1754); Sesbania Scop. (1777), instead of
Sesban Adans., or Agati Adans. (1763); Sindora Miq. (1860), instead
of Galedupa Lam. (1786); and possibly also Dalea L. (1737), instead
of Parosela Cav. (1802), although the last case is complicated by synon-
ymy and homonymy. If, as in the list of nomina conservanda, Clianthus
be given preference to Donia, then for the sake of consistency, Atylosia
should have been retained in place of Cantharospermum, yet on the one
hand Clanthus is given preference to Donia, and on the other Cantharos-
permum is preferred to Atylosia, although in both cases there is only
page priority, and in the last case Atylosia is certainly the more generally
used name. |

In the following consideration generic limits as defined by Bentham
in the “Genera Plantarum,” and by Taubert in Engler and Prantl’s “Die
natiirlichen Pflanzenfamilien” have been followed, and the sequence of
genera followed is that of the latter work. In studying the Philippine
material, as well as the extra-Philippine plants in this herbarium, I have
been impressed with the inequality in the treatment of genera by the
above authors. Especially in the Paptlionatae one finds genera separated
by exceedingly slight and often obscure characters, as with Dunbaria and
Cantharospermum, Vigna and Phaseolus, and, as some authors propose,
the separation of Lablab from Dolichos as a distinct genus. In the cases
just cited, the characters considered worthy of being the bases of generic
distinctions, are certainly not as strong, nor as well defined, as are those
by which various sections or subgenera of Caesalpinia, Cassia, Bauhinia,

4 MERRILL.

Desmodium, Mucuna, ete., are distinguished, yet the movement by some
botanists again to raise certain groups of species, in the above and other
genera, to generic rank, meets with comparatively little support. The
author is personally of the opinion that it would be more logical and
practically as convenient, to divide some of the larger genera into several
smaller ones, where the sections or subgenera are sharply defined as are
some of them in Caesalpinia, Cassia, Desmodium, ete. For purposes of
comparison, however, generic limits as defined by Bentham and_ by
Taubert are retained in the present paper.

Generic nomenclature in the present enumeration differs from that
of De Dalla Torre & Harms “Genera Siphonogamarum” only in two
cases, these being the adoption of Delonix Raf. for Caesalpinia auct.,
non L., and Parosela Cav. for Dalea L., for what are considered valid
reasons.

The only previous attempt to enumerate all the species of this family
known in the Philippines was by F.-Villar,' who credited to the Archi-
pelago 78 genera and 229 species. Of these, it has been necessary to
exclude 6 genera and about 35 species, as no material is extant by which
F.-Villar’s identifications can be checked, and the excluded genera and
species have not been found in the Philippines by any preceding or suc-
ceeding botanists.

In the present enumeration 90 genera are considered. Of these, two,
Monarthrocarpus, described as new, and Luzonia, are monotypic and
endemic; the former allied to Desmodium § Podocarpium, and the latter
to Dioclea. Of the 90 genera included, 14, Enterolobuum, Leucaena,
Schrankia, Mimosa, Prosopis, Tamarindus, Delonix, Medicago, Gliricidia,
Arachis, Pisum, Centrosema, Pachyrrhizus, and Psophocarpus, are repre-
sented in the Philippines by introduced species only, while in other
genera, such as Cassia, Crotalaria, Desmodium, etc., there are many in-
troduced forms.

The number of species recognized is 285, with several varieties, and
this list will doubtless be somewhat increased as exploration progresses.
Of these 285 species I consider the following 53 to have been introduced,
although most of them are now thoroughly naturalized and must be con-
sidered as constituents of the Philippine flora: Hnterolobium saman,*
Pithecolobium dulce,* Albizzia lebbeck, Acacia farnesiana,* Leucaena
glauca,* Schrankia quadrivalvis,* Mimosa pudica,* Prosopis vidaliana,*
Cynometra cauliflora, Tamarindus indica (prehistoric), Bauhinia tomen-
tosa, B. monandra,* Cassia fistula, C. glauca, C. tora, C. hirsuta,* C.
sophera,* C. occidentalis,* C. alata,* C. siamea, Delonix regia, Caesalpinia

; pulcherrima,* Crotalaria juncea, C. incana,* Medicago denticulata, M.

sativa, Trifolium pratense, 1’. hybridum, T'. incarnatum, T'. repens, Indi-
gofera suffruticosa,* Parosela glandulosa,* Gliricidia sepium,* Sesbania

Novy. App. (1880) 57-76.

ENUMERATION OF PHILIPPINE LEGUMINOSAE. 5

grandiflora (prehistoric), Arachis hypogea,* Desmodium scorpiurus,* D.
procumbens,* Lourea vespertilionis, Inocarpus edulis (prehistoric), Pi-
‘sum sativum, Centrosema plumieri,* Mucuna deeringiana, Canavalia
gladiata,* Cajanus indicus, Phaseolus lunatus,* P. adenanthus,* P.
semierectus,* P. radiatus, Vigna sinensis, Dolichos lablab, Pachyrrhizus
erosus,* and Psophocarpus tetragonolobus. Of these apparently intro-
duced species, those marked with an asterisk are undoubtedly of American
origin. It is interesting to note that of these 26 species which have, for
most part, at least, originated in tropical America, the following have
not as yet been reported from any other part of the Orient, although all,
with the exception of the first, are very common and widely distributed
in the Philippines: Schrankia quadrwalvis, Prosopis vidaliana, Parosela
glandulosa, Gliricidia sepium, and Desmodium scorpiurus.

It is possible that other species than those listed above, now cosmo-
politan in the tropics, have originated in tropical ‘America, and it is also
very probable that still others of these cosmopolitan species now con-
sidered as indigenous in the Philippines, have been introduced within
historic times from other parts of Malaya or from Asia. ‘This is es-
pecially likely of the constituents of the low country flora in the vicinity
of towns, for in dealing with the flora of the settled areas it is frequently
difficult to determine whether or not an individual species is really native
or introduced.

One reason for considering that many of the plants found about towns
and in cultivated areas in the Philippines are not really natives of the
Archipelago, is found in the results obtained in the botanical exploration
of Polillo, an island having an area of about 300 square miles, off the
east coast of Luzon. Botanical work was carried on here, extending
over a period of about four months, by Dr. C. B. Robinson in August,
and Mr. R. C. McGregor from September to November, 1909. From
a botanical standpoint the island is more interesting because of the
species it lacks, rather than from those actually found there. Most of
the species collected are of wide distribution in the Philippines and in
the Indo-Malayan region generally, while novelties are comparatively
rare. A striking character of the flora of the island, as a whole, is the
lack of very numerous species, characteristic of the low country through-
out the Philippines, weeds of cultivation, etc. Conditions are not lack-
ing for the growth of these plants, for Polillo supports a population of
about 3,000 inhabitants, and considerable areas are in cultivation and
lying fallow. In Leguminosae alone, the following results were obtained :
Total number of species collected or observed 27; of these but 2 are
endemic in the Philippines, 21 are of wide Indo-Malayan distribution,
including 8 strand plants, and only 5 are considered to be of American
origin. ‘The common leguminous weeds and various other plants, char-
acteristic of waste lands of the low country, and for most part cosmo-
politan in the tropics, are conspicuous by their absence. It has been

ee. ae’ ee

a a

6 MERRILL.

noted above that about 26 species of this family, found in the Philippines,
are of American origin; it is worthy of note that but 5 of these have
been found in Polillo. The fact that there are so few of these American
plants definitely known from Polillo, leads us to conclude also that many
of the other species, now cosmopolitan in the tropics, abundant in other
parts of the Philippines, but wanting in Polillo, have been introduced
into the Archipelago in comparatively recent times, perhaps contem-
poraneously with the introduction of many of the American species, and
like the latter have not as yet reached the isolated parts of the Archi-
pelago. 4

Some cases of geographical distribution are worthy of note, but evi-
dence of special affinities with the flora of surrounding regions is not as
strong in this family as it is in some others. The flora as a whole is
preponderatingly Malayan. Excluding from the present consideration
the species that maniféstly have been introduced from tropical America,
and are now for most part widely distributed in Indo-Malaya, we have
about 150 common to the Philippines and the Malayan region; of these
about 120 are common to India, the Philippines, and Malaya, and many
also extend to other regions. About 31 are confined to the Philippines
and Malaya, but less than one-half this number are common to con-
tinental Asia and the Philippines and do not extend to Malaya.

The following species extend from northern India to China and the
Philippines: Desmodium podocarpum DC. (also in Japan), D. retro-
flecum DC., Indigofera nigrescens Kurz, Lespedeza juncea var. sericea
Forbes & Hemsl. (also in Australia), Shuteria vestita W. & A., and
Smithia ciliata Royle. From northern India and the Philippines, but
not reported from China, we have: Dolichos falcatus Klein, Crotalaria
acicularis Ham. (also in Java), Desmodium pseudotriquetrum DC., and
Crotalaria assamica, while the genus Kingiodendron has one species in
India, and one in the Philippines. Confined to China and the Philip-
pines we have Phaseolus minimus Roxb., while Gleditsia rolfer Vid.,
Luzon and Celebes, and the only representative of the genus in Malaya,
is closely allied to species of southern China, the genus not being repre-
sented in India except by introduced species. A considerable number of
the above continental types are confined to the Benguet-Lepanto region
in northern Luzon, in the regional distribution of Pinus insularis Endl.,
but others are widely distributed at low altitudes. Acacia confusa Merr.,
which has been identified by some authors with A. richit A. Gray, of
Polynesia, is the only species, known to me, common and confined to
Luzon and Formosa; however, this species must be considered an Aus-
tralian type as it is one of the few extratAustralian species of the great
group Phyllodineae so characteristic of that continent. Desmodium
buergeri Miq., a Japanese species now reported from the Philippines,
has been confused with D. heterocarpum (L.) DC., so that its exact
range is uncertain.

ENUMERATION OF PHILIPPINE LEGUMINOSAE. a

Australian types are Acacia confusa, mentioned above, and Clianthus
binnendyckianus Kurz, the genus with one species in Mindanao, Polillo,
and Celebes, and two in Australia. An indication of a probable line of
migration from Australia through the Philippines and intervening islands
to southeastern Asia, or vice versa, is represented by Glycine tomentosa
Benth., Queensland, Luzon, and China, and Pycnospora nervosa W. & A.,
Australia, Philippines (common and widely distributed), China, and
India, but not known from Malaya, while the genus Hrythrophloewm has
one species in Australia, one in the Philippines, one in China, and is, so
far as is known at present, wanting in Malaya and India, but has about
five species in Madagascar and tropical Africa.

New Guinea and the Philippines have in common Rhynchosia calos-
perma Warb. (also in the Aru Islands and Bismarck Archipelago), and the
genus Macropsychanthus, with one species in New Guinea, and two in
Mindanao. The Celebes alliance is stronger, with the monotypic genus
Wallaceodendron, Dalbergia minahassae Koord., Pithecolobium subac-
utum Benth., Clianthus binnendyckianus Kurz, and Pterocarpus echi-
natus Pers. (also in Salayer), while Pueraria warburgii Perk., of the
southern Philippines, is represented in Celebes by an identical, or closely
allied form. Special cases of distribution from other parts of Malaya
are few. Pithecolobium prainianum Merr. appears to be known only
from the Philippines, Borneo, and Java, Cassia divaricata Nees & BL.,
Luzon and Java, Mezoneurum latisiliquum Merr., and M. pubescens
Desf., Timor and the Philippines, as well as the typical form of Parkia
timoriana Merr. Spatholobus gyrocarpus Benth. is known only from
Luzon, Penang, and the Malay Peninsula (Perak), and Desmodium
ovalifolium Wall. from Luzon, Sumatra, and Penang.

A notable characteristic of the Philippine flora as a whole, is the high
percentage of endemic species, but endemism is not particularly developed
in Leguminosae. Two genera, Monarthrocarpus Merr., and Luzonia
Elm., both monotypic, and the following 82 species, are, so far as is known
at present, confined to the Philippines: Pithecolobium scutiferum Benth.,
P. pauciflorum Benth., P. mindanaense Merr., P. platycarpum Merr.,
Albizzia scandens Merr., A. acle Merr., Adenanthera intermedia Merr.,
Entada parvifolia Merr., Erythrophloeum densiflorum Merr., Cynometra
inaequifolia A. Gray, C. warburgii Harms, C. luzoniensis Merr., C. sim-
plicifolia Harms, Kingiodendron alternifolium Merr. & Rolfe, Sindora
supa Merr., Intsia acuminata Merr., Pahudia rhomboidea Prain, Crudia
blancoi Rolfe, C. subsimplicifolia Merr., Bauhinia dolichocalyx Merr.,
B. leptopus Perk., B. subglabra Merr., B. whitfordw Elm., B. cumingiana
F.-Vill., B. nymphaeifolia Perk., B. perkinsiae Merr., B. aherniana Perk.,
B. antipolana Perk., B. merrilliana Perk., B. pinchotiana Perk., B. war-
burgii Perk., Pterolobium membranulaceum Merr., Mezoneurum mindo-
rense Merr., Ormosia paniculata Merr., O. calavensis Azaola, Crotalaria

era se

ee ee ee ie ee ee a

8 MERRILL.

radiata Merr., Indigofera unifolia Merr., Psoralea badocana Blanco, Teph-
rosia dichotoma Desy., 7. obovata Merr., Millettia longipes Perk., M.
aherntt Merr. & Rolfe, M. canariifolia Merr., M. merrillii Perk., M.
cavitensis Merr., M. foxworthyi Merr., Desmodium cumingianum Benth.,
D. quinquepetalum Merr., D. malacophyllum DC., Monarthrocarpus
securiformis Merr., Dalbergia polyphylla Benth., D. cumingiana Benth.,
Pterocarpus blancoi Merr., Derris polyantha Perk., D. cumingii Benth.,
D, philippinensis Merr., D. micans Perk., D. mindorensis Perk., D.
lianoides Elm., Hrythrina stipitata Merr., Strongylodon macrobotrys
A. Gray, S. elmeri Merr., S. zschokket Elm., S. caeruleus Merr., S. cras-
sifolius Perk., S. pulcher C. B. Rob., Mucuna curranii Elm., M.

mindorensis Merr., M. longipedunculata Merr., M. aurea C. B. Rob.,

M. sericophylla Perk., M. lyonii Merr., Dioclea umbrina Elm., Luzonia
purpurea Elm., Macropsychanthus mindanaensis Merr., M. ferrugineus
Merr., Pueraria tetragona Merr., Dunbaria cumingiana Benth., D.
merrillii Klm., Flemingia philippinensis Merr. & Rolfe, and F. cumin-
giana Benth.

If we exclude the 53 species definitely known to have been introduced
into the Philippines, considering the leguminous flora of the Philippines
as comprising only the 232 indigenous, or presumably indigenous species,
then the percentage of endemism for the family is slightly less than 36
per cent. .

Tabulation of the Indo-Malayan genera and species has been omitted,

because of the great number of genera and species involved. The sum-
mary is as follows: India, including the Malay Peninsula,? 147 genera
and 1058 species; Malay Peninsula,* 73 genera and 291 species; Malay
Archipelago,* 105 genera and 554 species; China,® 89 genera and 469
species; Formosa,® 56 genera and 136 species; Philippines, 90 genera
and 285 species.

From an economic standpoint this family takes high rank in the
Philippines. With the exception of the Dipterocarpaceae, no family
compares with the Leguminosae in the quantity and value of its timber
trees. All grades of timber are produced by various species of the
family, from the very soft and low grade timber known as cupang, from
Parkia timoriana (DC.) Merr., to the highest grade building and fur-
niture woods found in the Archipelago. Among the more valuable

.? Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1876-1878) 56-306; Prain in Journ. As.
Soe. Beng. 667 (1897) 347-518.

*Prain in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 66? (1897) 21-275.

*Boerl. Handl. Kenn. Fl. Nederl. Ind..1 (1890) 321-419.

* Forbes & Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 23 (1886-87) 150-217; .M. Smith
ex Forbes & Hemsl. 1. c. 36 (1905) 451-530.

* Mats. & Hayata in Journ, Coll, Sci. Tokyo 22 (1906) 102-117; Hayata 1. ec.
25 (1908) 74-77.

J

tS ..

ENUMERATION OF PHILIPPINE LEGUMINOSAE. °

timbers are narra, corresponding to the padouk of India, from Ptero-
carpus indicus Willd., and P. echinatus Pers.; acle, from Albizzia acle
(Blanco) Merr.; supa, from Sindora supa Merr.; ipil, from Intsia bijuga
(Colebr.) O. Ktz.; tindalo, from Pahudia rhomboidea (Blanco) Prain;
hanuyo, from Wallaceodendron celebicum Woord.; batete from HKingio-
dendron alternifolium (Elm.) Merr. & Rolfe, while many other species
yield timber used locally for different purposes. Shade-trees and various
ornamental plants are represented by Enterolobium saman (Jacq.)
Prain, Albizzia lebbeck (i.) Benth., Delonix regia (Boj.) Raf., Cassia
stamea Lam., Peltophorum inerme (Roxb.) Naves, Sesbania grandiflora
(L.) Benth., Caesalpinia pulcherrima (.) Sw., Bauhinia tomentosa 1.,
B. acuminata L., B. monandra Kurz, Erythrina indica Lam., and others.
Plants cultivated for food are Phaseolus lunatus I, P. radiatus 1,.,
Vigna sinensis Endl., Arachis hypogea li, Pisum sativum I, Canavalia
gladiata DC., Cajanus indicus Spreng., Pachyrrhizus erosus Urban, Dol-
ichos lablab I, Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (1) DC., Tamarindus
indica Li, Sesbania grandiflora (.) Pers., Pithecolobium dulce Benth.,
also yielding a valuable tanbark, and Inocarpus edulis Forst. Plants
yielding dyes are represented by Caesalpinia sappan 1, Indigofera suf-
fruticosa Mill., and J. tinctoria L. Substitutes for soap, used in bathing,
washing the hair, etc., are derived from Albizzia saponaria (Lour.) BL,
A. acle (Blanco) Merr., Entada scandens Benth., and L. parvifolia Merr.
Various species of Derris are utilized for the purpose of stupefying fish.
Extensively used hedge-plants are Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) Steud., and
to some extent Leucaena glauca Benth., the wood of the former also
highly prized for making charcoal. Gliricidia and Erythrina indica
Lam., are more or less utilized as shade trees in various plantations. A
considerable number of species are utilized by the natives in their
materia medica, while a great number are employed for various minor
purposes,

IT am indebted to Dr. I. Urban and to Dr. H. Harms of the Kgl. Bot. Garten,
Berlin; to Dr. H. Lecomte, of the Museum of Natural History, Paris; to B.
Daydon Jackson, Esq., Secretary of the Linnean Society, London; to M. C. De-
Candolle, Geneva, and to Dr. J. N. Rose, of the United States National Herbarium,
Washington, for various comparisons of Philippine material with type specimens
in a number of cases, and especially to Dr. D. Prain, Director of the Royal Botanic
Gardens, Kew, for numerous identifications, comparisons, and critical notes
supplied me during the incumbency of his present position, and previous to his
appointment to Kew when he was Director of the Royal Botanic Gardens at
Caleutta.

In the following keys to the genera, that part dealing with the Papilionatae
has been made purely artificial in many respects. In the construction of the
keys to both genera and species suggestions have been taken from the previously
published works of various authors, modified by the forms dealt with in the

following enumeration. In these keys only Philippine representatives have been
taken into consideration.

» de aa. attired») __ee eS
at Big

2
.
.
10 MERRILL.
| KEY TO THE GENERA.

I, Petals yalvate; flowers Tegular..............0iscsicd.-csecersecesnesicotuganwenseanl A. MIMOSOIDEAE
. 1. Petals imbricate; flowers irregular (nearly or quite regular in Gleditsia, trees
, with branched spines).
7 2. Flowers not papilionaceous, the upper petal interior........ B. CAESALPINIOIDEAE

2. Flowers papilionaceous, the upper petal (standard) exterior.
C, PAPILIONATAE
A. MIMOSOIDEAE.
1. Calyx-lobes valvate.
* 2.Stamens many, at least more than 10, or more than twice the number of
re: petals.

3. Filaments more or less connate (Ingeae).
4.Endocarp not distinct from the pericarp and not forming individual
envelopes about the seeds.
5. Pods indehiscent, septate between the seeds.
6. Pod turgid, about 5 cm wide, the sutures not thickened; petals
adnate below to the staminal tube, otherwise free.... 1. Serianthes
6. Pod scarcely turgid, spongy or fleshy, less than 2 em wide, the
sutures thickened; petals connate below into a tube.
2. Enterolobiunr
5. Pods dehiscent or indehiscent, not septate between the seeds.
6. Pods very strongly curved or twisted................00-- 3. Pithecolobium
6. Pods straight, not curved or twisted....................:---::s000+ 4. Albizzia
4, Endocarp distinct and free from the pericarp, the latter not septate, the
former septate between the seeds and forming an individual envelope
Bioot SOkOn. Soe. isiit Aen sckopacocaagneye 5. Wallaceodendron
3. Stamens free; inflorescence capitate (Acaciede) ........-...-..1.--.-.---++ 6. Acacia
2. Stamens as many as or double the number of petals.
* 3. Anthers not gland-tipped. |

4. Pods straight, flat, smooth, with continuous valves, dehiscing through
THE BUGUTOR § GPOCU TLOGBS. i... iis. dhnn dn acer cbhteavctnn 7. Leucaena
4. Pods slightly curved or nearly straight, somewhat aculeate, with always

persistent, indehiscent sutures; suffrutescent herbs or undershrubs.

B-POdd MEAP UMAric, 4-AUgIOd.....<..rscceccsicrese.csom,..cstinrouneienet 8. Schrankia
eck OCR) PE POTIOC, ose2 cuccvel cpu doucantenes cede eibeb ashe easensse +0 «nk fend seen 9, Mimosa
3. Anthers gland-tipped.

4. Seeds albuminous (Adenanthereae) ; erect trees or shrubs.
5. Spiny shrubs or small trees; pods indehiscent.................... 10. Prosopis
5. Spineless trees; pods dehiscent................-..------:ccsecssssses ll. Adenanthera
4, Seeds exalbuminous (Piptadenieae); great climbers, usually tendril-
bearing, with very large pods and seeds...-.....--....------.-----++ 12. Bntada
1. Calyx-lobes imbricate (Parkieae); very large trees with capitate inflorescence.
13. Parkia

B. CAESALPINIOIDEAE.

1. Calyx entire, or the segments above the receptacle more or less united into

a toothed or lobed tube.

2. Leaves 2-pinnate; stamens 10 (Dimorphandreae).

3. Erect, unarmed trees, with few, medium to large leaflets; flowers small;
UGE WOOT, TOU. WING onc cnt ewiin' soos veccene -ncetets 14. Erythrophloeum
3. Scandent, usually armed shrubs, with many, usually small leaflets; flowers
medium-sized; pods thin, winged down one suture (Hucaesalpinioideae).
28. Mezoneurum

Ae ee = yo Ea ey ve aa de eee ee

ENUMERATION OF PHILIPPINE LEGUMINOSAE. 11

2. Leaves simple, entire, 2-cleft, or divided to the base; stamens 10 or less;
Vines, BN TUDS OF) LLCOS cs eecctecscs reenter c eae aoc aas ewes ede See nora 22. Bauhinia
1, Calyx-segments free or nearly free above the receptacle (except in Mezoneurum).
2. Leaves 2-pinnate, (except Gleditsia) (Hucaesalpinioideae) .
3. Leaves l-pinnate, the leaflets crenulate, the trunk and larger branches
with elongated, branched spines; flowers nearly regular...... 24. Gleditsia
3. Leaves 2-pinnate; leaflets entire, spines, if present, simple; flowers irregular.
4, Calyx-segments valvate; large trees with very numerous, small leaflets,
and large, red and yellow flowers; cultivated only............ 26. Delonix
4, Calyx-segments imbricate.
5. Ovary l-ovuled; scandent armed shrubs with the pod winged at the
RPGR PCMAG TO NL) | Severe Oct heases tad csemeretecedevessne cen 25. Pterolobium
5. Ovary 2- to many-ovuled; scandent or erect, armed or unarmed, the
pods not samaroid.
6. Scandent or erect, usually armed; pods not winged.
27. Caesalpinia
6. Scandent, usually armed; pods thin, winged along the upper suture.
28. Mezoneurum
6. Erect, unarmed trees with subequal calyx-segments; stigma peltate
pod narrowly winged along both sutures............ 29. Peltophorum
2. Leaves 1-pinnate or reduced to single leaflets.
3. Anthers basifixed, opening by terminal pores; herbs, shrubs or trees
(OGSSCGE ie eee ee ere ee aes a 23. Cassia
3. Anthers versatile, opening by longitudinal slits.
4, Ovary or its stipe more or less adnate to the calyx-tube (Amherstieae).

Hy, Pete RGR ssp enc apteeee ten tants ween cosermepeeretcb vena aseeeecse 18. Crudia
5. Petals present.
6. Petals 3; stamens 3, monadelphous; pod fleshy.......... 19. Tamarindus
6. Petal one.
7. Calyx and pod armed with spines... 17. Sindora
7. Calyx and pod unarmed.
8. Perfect stamens 3; seeds not arillate; pods flat-........... 20. Intsia
8. Perfect stamens usually 7; seeds with a very prominent aril;
DOGS “WOO Ye aiRind OM ett ede ceca ce vace rearcntes-ncccei caaeesevexanuees oes 21. Pahudia
4. Ovary quite free from the calyx; ovules 1 or 2, rarely 3.
5. Petals 5; leaflets few, sometimes solitary.........-......--........ 15. Cynometra

5. Petals wanting; leaflets few, large, glandular-punctate.
16. Kingiodendron

C. PAPILIONATAE.

J. Stamens free; trees.
2. Stigma oblique; pod short, turgid, few-seeded..............-.....------------- 30. Ormosia
2. Stigma terminal; pod elongated, moniliform, several-seeded.......... 31. Sophora
J. Stamens more or less united, mon- or diadelphous.

2, Fruit a loment, that is, ultimately separating into indehiscent, 1-seeded joints,
rarely reduced to a single joint (Monarthrocarpus), or not jointed
(Pseudarthria), and very rarely dehiscent (Pycnospora, Desmodium §
Pleurolobium).

3. Leaves pinnate; leaflets 5 or more, not stipellate.

4, Stamens united into two phalanges of five each.
5. Erect shrubs; joints of the pod longitudinally ribbed, somewhat
BUF Bg Ces: ma ee er Ee a ee 42. Ormocarpum

=?

Pe ee eee ee

12 MERRILL.

5. Herbs; joints of the pods not ribbed.
6. Leaves odd-pinnate; pod exserted.............---...-.1.0000 43. Aeschynomene
6. Leaves even-pinnate; pod folded together within the calyx.
: 44. Smithia
4, Stamens united into a closed tube; leaves even-pinnate, the rachis ending
in a bristle; cultivated herbs with hypogeal fruit............... 45. Arachis
3. Leaves digitately 2-foliolate; joints of the pod muricate.............. 46. Zornia
3. Leaves pinnately 3-foliolate or reduced to a single leaflet; leaflets mostly
stipellate; vexillary filament free or more or less united with the others.
4, Ovary with from 2 to many ovules.
5. Pod equaling or exceeding the calyx, exserted.
6. Articulations of the pod distinct.
Tic ROOOY TEBUUBNIOU.. 4 ...5<-5.,c0005- 200+ bocatnes sido pcsdelduds wales igen eee 47. Desmodium
a OR CNMI locks ct csaptvonnvchaechdahuccbpnit ~phSesosnseeaersOOnaet 51. Alysicarpus
6. Pod obscurely or not articulated, but with transverse lines between
the seeds, or with transverse reticulations.
7. Pod flat, indehiscent, thin, with transverse lines between the
MOI Vvcc nck ratte pss hace ta seps sv cpnbehtcelonenescafceacer nid 49, Pseudarthria
7. Pod inflated, dehiscent, with transverse reticulations,
50. Pyenospora
5. Pod folded together within the calyx.
6. Calyx-teeth setaceous, not accrescent; leaflets longer than broad;

flowers in very dense, spike-like or capitate racemes...... 52. Uraria
6, Calyx-teeth lanceolate, accrescent; leaflets as broad, or broader than
long; flowers few, in lax racemes............ te .. 53. Lourea

4. Ovary l-ovuled; pods indehiscent, with a single seed.
5. Secandent; flowers and fruit completely hidden by a large, membra-
NIACCOUS, BOCTEROENE DTACE <.....cincccecccccceesveescsosesevesdieosdeaveiie 54. Phylacium
5. Erect or suberect, herbaceous or suffrutescent; flowers and fruits not
inclosed by bracts.
6. Leaflets 1- or 3-foliolate, ample, stipellate........ 48. Monarthrocarpus
6. Leaflets 3-foliolate, small, CEIEDUEIALC.........-.itittssneaaaeden 55. Lespedeza
2. Fruit a dehiscent or indehiscent pod, not jointed.
3. Leaves simple or with three or more digitately arranged leaflets.
4, Leaves simple.
Oe rhe i pic ie ceren -eciricenserenviisivss easel Per~ vin udaxs<liaaiaann 61. Inocarpus
5. Herbs or undershrubs.
6. Stamens monadelphous; herbs with inflated, several- to many-seeded
DE ia ihscedciscs je cdiliselnton balsjnencaagi Ml onacibasudnteoe «0 ihbtoar vee 32. Crotalaria
6. Stamens diadelphous; seeds few.
7. Pods dehiscent.
8. Shrubby; leaves petioled, ample; flowers and fruits hidden by
large, thin, persistent bracts.......................:..-sss0 85. Flemingia
8. Herbs with sessile or subsessile leaves, the flowers not hidden
by bracts.
9. Erect herbs from tuberous rootstocks; pod oblong, turgid.
84. Hriosema
9. Roots not tuberous; pods globose, l-seeded, or linear and

SOPOT) RRO ne ise nin 0ns -0---piebincnsak ape 34. Indigofera
7. Pod indehiscent, l-seeded; leaves glandular, petioled; racemes
MI sai obit nse es-nrediph civ cl eR On aineconsinan <i ifceesendeeah ae 35. Psoralea
4. Leaves with 3 or more digitately arranged leaflets.
5. Stamens monadelphous; pods inflated -..0.000000000000000......... 82. Orotalaria

ENUMERATION OF PHILIPPINE LEGUMINOSAE, is

5. Stamens diadelphous.
6. Leaflets narrow, small; pods linear ..................:c:::-:c000 34. Indigofera
6. Leaflets large, ovate; pods inflated............--.---------- 85. Flemingia
3. Leaflets pinnately 3-foliolate.
4. Leaflets not stipellate.
5. Pods indehiscent.
6. Herbs with small, toothed leaflets; pods small, faleate or spiral.

33. Medicago

6. Woody vines with ample, entire leaflets; pods flat, winged down

OTIGE 1 CO. odes ck eee ae ete ee een th REE eae ee foe PI 2. a Ree 59. Derris

5. Pods dehiscent.
6. Leaves not glandular-dotted beneath ...............-...---.s000- 78, Pueraria
6. Leaves glandular-dotted beneath.

(fe

Ovules 4 or more.
8. Scandent, herbaceous; stigma small, terminal; seeds strophiolate
or substrophiolate.
9. Pod acuminate, hardly depressed between the seeds; funicle
expanded, but seeds not distinctly strophiolate.
81. Dunbaria
9. Pod obtuse or apiculate-acuminate, deeply transversely lineate
between the seeds; strophiole large.... 82. Cantharospermum
8. Erect, shrubby; stigma dilated, oblique; seeds not strophiolate ;
pods acuminate, with depressed lines between the seeds.
80. Cajanus
Oaab Ee Tee get RCo Kc n hy Aa ppey 1, epewrete peti neces reper ere ere 83. Rhynehosia

4. Leaflets not stipellate, the stipels replaced by large glands; trees with
Jar PGs led TO Wels p Seseee reece serene eta. crust eamaneanetet sey Socascanceee 70. Hrythrina
4. Leaflets stipellate.
5. Style bearded below the stigma.
6. Stigma oblique.

ue

a

PRGG) pire lL y Typ ieee earitge en-suite cckansic son saeerusnicnrsiosdainrs 86. Phaseolus
Keel not spiral.

8. Style filiform; flowers mostly yellow; leaflets entire... 87. Vigna
8. Style flattened upwards; flowers blue; leaflets sinuate-toothed ;

root large, sium sbaAped:......-.2:2- 22. ecncccc ene ccce 89. Pachyrrhizus

6. Stigma terminal.
(tekod flattened wie merneel oc -.7, ,.:52:to-2ctieesegreree oes vere ee cena 88. Dolichos
ed OG 2 SQUAT OC, 4 WAN te det nc es. c2s22,c8ssntccttte-b we stsn tec 90. Psophocarpus

5. Style not bearded below the stigma.
6. Stamens monadelphous, the vexillary filament more or less united

ie

J

with the others.

Nodes of the raceme not swollen.

8. Anthers “umiformalb Gentile -.....-.5-02 22.6. - ce see -cck ecto 68. Glycine

8. Five stamens bearing fertile anthers, the alternating five sterile.
69. Teramnus

. Nodes of the raceme swollen.

8. Upper lip of the calyx projecting, distinctly longer than the
LOWOE UG gogo pieeatgd os Recast ones 2.2 scercsagtandacecessecaece 79. Canavalia

8. Upper lip of the calyx not, or but slightly exceeding the lower
one.

9. Pods large, turgid, few-seeded (unknown in Luzonia) ; flowers
medium to large.
10. Fertile stamens -10., ....-:.-<-...--..2.<.:. 77. Macropsychanthus

i Che eid en

— ee are ee

14 MERRILL.

10. Fertile stamens 6.
11. Calyx-teeth connate into two ig the upper one minutely
2-toothed, the lower minutely 3-toothed.... 76. Lugonia
11. Upper two calyx-teeth connate into an entire or minutely
2-toothed lobe, the lower three calyx-teeth distinct,

about as long as the upper lobe.................. 75. Dioclea
9. Pods small, narrow, elongated, many-seeded; flowers small
to medium; fertile stamens 10 ~........20....--.c0s00 78. Pueraria

6. Stamens diadelphous, the vexillary one free from the others.
7. Pod indehiscent, membranaceous, oblong, with faint transverse
lines between the seeds ....................---asecslecceeses 49. Pseudarthria
7. Pod indehiscent, coriaceous, reticulated; with no transverse lines,
BTBOQCI oe cessive ncaccennctteittn alan ves ane 48. Monarthrocarpus
7. Pod dehiscent only at the seed-bearing apex, elsewhere seedless
and indehiscent, thin; scandent woody vines...... 73. Spatholobus
7. Pod dehiscent from end to end.
8. Nodes of the racemes not swollen.
9. Petals very unequal; flowers large; pods prominently longi-
ae ge: EO Eee emp EUR 65. Centrosema
» 9. Petals subequal; flowers small; pods not longitudinally ridged.
10. Pods with transverse lines between the seeds, or with
transverse reticulations; erect or ascending herbaceous
or suffrutescent plants.
11. Pods thin, flat, dehiscent by the lower suture, with trans-
verse lines between the seeds; flowers pink or purplish.
, 47. Desmodium
11. Pod short, inflated, with numerous transverse reticula-
tions; flowers blue ...... ety Oe eae 50. Pycnospora
10. Pods with no transverse lines or reticulations; herbaceous
vines.
11. Style filiform; calyx-teeth distinet-.............. 67. Shuteria
11. Style flattened upwards; calyx truncate...... 66. Dumasia
8. Nodes of the racemes swollen.
9. Flowers large; petals very unequal; herbaceous or woody
vines.
10. Keel exceeding the wings and standard; pods flat, variously
grooved or smooth, often with stinging hairs.
72. Mucuna
10. Keel and standard equal, wings short; pods thick, glabrous,
NOE: GOONER... ake ._..........aaeeaill 71. Strongylodon
9. Flowers small; petals subequal; herbaceous vines.
74. Galactea
3. Leaves pinnately 5- to many-foliolate.
4. Leaves even-pinnate.

5.Rachis terminating in a tendril............... srcovese -oabenen eibented 62. Pisum
5. Rachis not terminating in a tendril. ’
6. Vines with pink flowers and flat pods-....00020000000000000000... 63. Abrus

6. Erect, suffrutescent, coarse herbs with yellow flowers, or trees with
very large white flowers; pods very — subeylindric, septate
Aa Ce NE OP tl 40. Sesbania

4. Leaves odd-pinnate.
5. Pods ultimately dehiscing by both sutures.

yews

ENUMERATION OF PHILIPPINE LEGUMINOSAE. 15

6. Herbaceous or suffrutescent, if erect shrubs then with subcylindric

pods.
7. Anthers apiculate, hairs centrally fixed; erect suffrutescent herbs,
or shrubs; pods cylindric or 4-angled...................... 34. Indigofera

| 7. Anthers obtuse, hairs basifixed; pods flat...........-....... 37. Tephrosia
4 6. Trees; pods flat.
7. Racemes terminal or in the upper axils.............1........2. 38. Millettia
| 7. Racemes from the branches below the leaves.............. 39. Gliricidia
6. Scandent woody or somewhat herbaceous vines.
: 7. Flowers large, axillary, solitary; pods flat; leaflets 5 to 7.

64. Clitorea
7. Flowers small, in dense racemes; pods turgid; leaflets numerous.
41. Clianthus
5. Pods indehiscent.
6. Erect herbs with small leaflets and dense, subcapitate inflorescence
Ofestmnal) Dlue tlOwersiemer he ee as ei ieee oe 36. Parosela
6. Erect shrubs or small trees with racemose flowers; pods ellipsoid or
oblong-ovoid, 1-seeded, almost berry-like,- not at all flattened.
60. Huchresta
6. Erect trees or scandent woody shrubs; pods flattened.
7. Leaflets distinctly alternate; pods winged.
8. Large trees; flowers yellow, medium-sized; pods orbicular.
57. Pterocarpus
8. Scandent shrubs or small trees; flowers small, pink or white ;

pods elongated, MATTOW ............:-----ssseecseeeseeeeeeeeeees 56. Dalbergia

7. Leaflets opposite.
8. Pod thick, not winged; erect trees.............22..00..0220... 58. Pongamia
8. Pod thin, winged; scandent shrubs..............2........-...---- 59. Derris

1. SERIANTHES Benth.

l. Serianthes grandiflora (Wall.) Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. 3 (1844)
225, Trans. Linn. Soc. 30 (1875) 599; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. 11 (1855) 40; Baker in
Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1878) 301; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 75; Naves in
Blanco Fl. Filip. ed. 3, pl. 454; Vidal Sinopsis Atlas (1883) t. 44, f. EB, Phan.
Cuming. Philip, (1885) 111, Rev. Pl. Vase. Filip. (1886) 121; Prain ex King
in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 66° (1897) 251.

Inga grandiflora Wall. Cat. (1832) no. 5285.

Nereros, For. Bur. 5616 Everett. PALAwAn, For. Bur. 3800 Curran. DINAGAT,
Ahern 447. Minporo (Cuming 1592).? Necros (Vidal 288).

Native names: Jonoc (Dinagat) ; casqy (Negros).

In beach forests, Malay Peninsula and Archipelago to New Guinea and the Aru
Islands,

2. ENTEROLOBIUM Mart.

1, Enterolobium saman (Jacq.) Prain ex King in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 66?
(1897) 252.

Mimosa saman Jacq. Fragm. (1800-1809) 15, t. 9.

Inga saman Willd. Sp. Pl. 4 (1805) 1024.

4 Pithecolobtum saman Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. 3 (1844) 216, Trans.
a Linn. Soc. 30 (1875) 587; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 76; Naves in Blanco FI.
; Filip. ed. 3, pl. 309. .

‘Specimens cited in parentheses not seen.

16 MERRILL.

Calliandra saman Griseb. Fl. Brit. West Ind. (1864) 225.

Luzon, Manila, Merrill 11, Decades Philip. Forest Fl. 276, For. Bur. 10793
Curran, Sabino 403. PALAWAN, For. Bur. 4133 Curran, Bur. Sci. 878 Foxworthy.

A native of tropical America, introduced into the Philippines about the year
1860, and now widely cultivated as a shade tree in towns throughout the Archi-
pelago; subspontaneous in some localities. It is locally known as “acacia” ;
the rain tree of the West Indies.

3. PITHECOLOBIUM Mart.

Armed with spinescent stipules; seeds arillate; pinnae and leaflets 1-jugate.
1. P. dulce
Unarmed; seeds without arillus.

Pods deeply lobed between the seeds, the lobes extending more than half way
or quite to the upper suture and turned regularly and alternately right and
left, dehiscent only opposite the seeds...........2.0..0....:cceee-eee-s 2. P. scutiferum

Pods only faintly or not at all sinuate on the lower suture between the seeds,
the dehiscence continuous.

Pinne ]—2-jugate; leaflets few, medium to large, 2—3-jugate.
Pinne 1-jugate.
Leaflets 12 to 15 em long; pods nearly straight, flattened, not at all

UWISted, BH meee soc. toteece ssn: <roécsnyoceee eee case 3. P. platycarpum
Leaflets less than 12 em long; pods very strongly curved, sometimes
twisted, less than 2 cm broad..................-....:cecessssessoee 4. P. pauciflorum

Pinne 2-jugate.
Leaflets 10 em long or less; pods less than 2 em wide.
5. P. mindanaense
Leaflets up to 20 cm in length; pods about 3 em wide.... 6. P. ellipticum
Pinne mostly 4- to 10-jugate; leaflets small, all more or less rhomboidal,
numerous, 5- to 20-jugate.
Pinne 2-4-jugate; distal leaflets larger than the lower ones.
7. P. angulatum
Pinne 6-10-jugate; leaflets equal or subequal, the terminal pair not larger
than the others. !
Leaflets rhomboid, 5 to 10 mm wide..............0..0...0.020.-.... 8. P. subacutum
Leaflets rhomboid-linear or rhomboid-oblong, 2 to 3 mm wide.
9. P. prainianum
1. Pithecolobium dulce (Roxb.) Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. 3 (1844)
199, Trans. Linn. Soe. 30 (1875) 572; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1878)
302; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 75; Vid. Rev. Pl. Vase. Filip. (1886) 121; Merr.
in Philip. Journ. Sci. 1 (1906) Suppl. 61; Prain ex King in Journ. As. Soc. Beng.
667 (1897) 263.
Mimosa dulcis Roxb. Pl. Corom. 1 (1795) 67, t. 99.
Inga dulcis Willd. Sp. Pl. 4 (1805) 1005.
Inga camatchili Perr. Mém. Soc. Linn. Paris 3 (1824) 122; C. B. Rob, in
Philip. Journ. Sci. 3 (1908) Bot. 305.
Mimosa unguis-cati Blanco Fl. Filip. (1837) 731, non Linn.
Inga lanceolata Blanco |. ¢. ed. 2 (1845) 370, ed. 3, 2: 322; Naves 1. c. pl. 2387,
non H. & B. :
Luzon, Province of Abra, or. Bur. 14512 Darling: Province of Ilocos Norte,
Bur. Sci. 2207 Mearns: Province of Union, Elmer 5613: Province of Batangas,
Marave 71; Province of Rizal, Merrill 1640; Province of Bataan, Ahern 763,

_ ak i ta (RM i I i al ia lata aR

ENUMERATION OF PHILIPPINE LEGUMINOSAE, Ey
For, Bur. 1265, 1268 Borden, For. Bur. 63 Barnes, For. Bur. 2274 Meyer,
Williams 380: Manila, Merrill 654, For. Bur. 19009 Curran: Province of Tayabas,
Ritchie s. n. PaLawan, For. Bur. 3595 Curran. Panay, Merrill 2410, For.
Bur. 112 Gammill. Neoros, For. Bur. 12319 Everett. MINDANAO, District of
Cotabato, For. Bur, 3952 Hutchinson.

A species of tropical America, introduced into the Philippines at an early
date, and now spontaneous, very widely distributed and abundant in the Archi-
pelago. From the Philippines it has been introduced into other parts of Malaya
and into British India, being known in the latter country as the “Manila ta-
marind.” It is known throughout the Philippines as camonchiles or camonsiles,
or variations of the name, such as camatsile, camanchiles, camonsil, ete.

The fleshy aril surrounding the seeds is eaten, and the bark is extensively
used in the Philippines for tanning leather.

2. Pithecolobium scutiferum (Blanco) Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot.
3 (1844) 211; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. 1% (1855) 39; Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 3
(1908) Bot. 228.

Mimosa scutifera Blanco FI. Filip. (1837) 735, ed..2 (1845) 507, ed. 3, 3: 138.

Pithecolobium lobatum F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 75; Naves in Blanco FI.
Filip. ed. 3, pl. 438; Merr, in Philip. Journ. Sei. 1 (1906) Suppl. 62, non Benth.

A widely distributed endemic species, represented by the numerous specimens
cited previously by me, J. ¢., extending from northern Luzon south to Ticao, Mas-
bate, and Guimaras. Bentham originally considered it as a distinct species,
but later,® and I believe erroneously, reduced it to the Malayan P. lobatum Benth.,
in which he has been followed by subsequent Philippine authors. The Philippine
form is well distinguished from the Malayan one by its peculiar fruits, and is
well represented by the plate in the third edition of Blaneo’s “Flora de Filipinas”
cited above.

Native names: Anagap (in most islands and provinces where it occurs) ;
bunsilac (Mindoro) ; anagop (Ticao) ; anaguep (Camarines) ; bincalan (Bataan) ;
bag (Cagayan).

3. Pithecolobium (?) platycarpum sp. nov.

Arbor glabra circiter 5 m alta, ramis teretibus, lenticellatis ; pinnis
1-jugatis, foliolis 2-jugatis, firmiter chartaceis, elliptico-oblongis, usque
ad 15 cm longis, basi acutis, apice breviter acuminatis, nervis utrinque
cireiter 6, distinctis, anastomosantibus: leguminibus planis, subrectis,
circiter 20 cm longis, 3.5 cm latis, basi longe stipitatis, utrinque dehis-
centibus, leviter irregulariter sinuosis.

A glabrous tree about 5m high. Branches terete, lenticellate, reddish-
brown. Leaves alternate, pinnae 1-jugate, the petiole 2.5 to 3 em long ;
leaflets 2-jugate, the rachis of the individual pinnae about 9 cm long,
the leaflets firmly chartaceous, elliptic-oblong, 11 to 15 cm long, 5 to 6
cm wide, shining, gradually narrowed below to the acute base, the apex
shortly and sometimes rather abruptly acuminate; nerves about 6 on
each side of the midrib, distinct beneath, curved-ascending, anastomosing,
the primary reticulations distinct, rather lax; petiolules 2 to 3 mm long.
Flowers unknown. Pods pendent, flat, including the slender stipe about

* Trans. Linn. Soc. 30 (1875) 575.
93664——2

~_ ?)

ty ple ht il |

18 MERRILL.

20 cm long, 3.5 em wide, smooth, shining, irregularly sinuate and de-
hiscent on both sutures, straight or nearly so, apex with a stout, somewhat
incurved beak, the stipe slender, about 4 cm long. Seeds 6 or 7 in each
pod, flattened, black, elliptic in outline, about 2 cm long.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Twin Peaks, Elmer 6439, June 8, 1904.

A species in vegetative characters similar to Pithecolobium scutiferum, but
distinguishable at once by its very different pods.

4. Pithecolobium pauciflorum Benth. in Lond. Journ. Bot, 3 (1844) 212;
Miq. FI. Ind. Bat. 11 (1855) 40; Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 3 (1908) Bot. 229.

Luzon, Province of Albay, For. Bur. 10566 Curran. Leyte, For, Bur, 11639
Whitford, For. Bur. 12893 Rosenbluth. Bonor, Cuming 1854 (cotype). MIN-
DANAO, Province of Surigao, Bolster 286.

Native names: Malatagum (Albay); panauisaming (Surigao).

An endemic species, erroneously reduced by Bentham *® to Pithecolobium lobatum
Benth., from which it is quite distinct in vegetative and fruit characters.

.5. Pithecolobium mindanaense sp. nov. § Clypearia.

Arbor parva, subglabra; foliis bipinnatis, pinnis 2-jugatis, foliolis 2-
vel 3-jugatis, elliptico-ovatis vel oblongo-ovatis, chartaceis vel submem-
branaceis, usque ad 12 cm longis, basi acutis, apice plerumque abrupte
obtuse acuminatis, interdum caudato-acuminatis, nervis utrinque 3 vel
4, prominentibus, valde obliquis; floribus sessilibus, capitato-dispositis ;
leguminibus circinatis, 10 ad 12 em longis, circiter 1.5 em latis, in sicco
extus nigris vel brunneis, intus rubris.

A small tree (4 m high fide Clemens), glabrous or nearly so, or the
branchlets and inflorescence at first slightly pubescent. Branches terete,
light-gray or brown, somewhat lenticellate. Leaves bipinnate, the petiole
and rachis varying from 5 to 10 cm in length, with from two to four
small sessile glands on the upper surface; pinnae 2-jugate; leaflets 2- or
3-jugate, those on the upper pair of pinnae usually 3-jugate, those on
the lower pair 2-, rarely 1-jugate, elliptic-ovate to oblong-ovate, char-
taceous or submembranaceous, slightly shining when dry, 7 to 12 cm
long, 3 to 5 em wide, the base acute, the apex usually rather abruptly acu-
minate, the acumen blunt, or sometimes the apex caudate-acuminate ;
nerves prominent, curved-ascending, 3 or 4 on each side of the midrib,
the reticulations lax; petiolules about 2 mm long. Panicle-branches
very slender, elongated, the flowers sessile, in heads of from three to five
flowers each at the ends of the branchlets, the bracts and bracteoles
small, about 1.5 mm long, obtuse, oblong. Calyx about 1.5 mm long,
glabrous, with five broad teeth. Corolla 5 mm long, the lobes somewhat
acuminate, veined. Stamens about 50, nearly 1.5 em long. Pods 10 to
12 em in length, about 1.5.cm wide, curved into an almost complete
circle, glabrous, ultimately dehiscing by both sutures, before dehiscence
not sinuate between the seeds, the base acute, the apex rounded, when

* Trans. Linn. Soc. 30 (1875) 575.

ENUMERATION OF PHILIPPINE LEGUMINOSAE. a

dry black or dark-brown outside, red within. Seeds 8 to 10 in each
pod, elliptic, somewhat compressed, black when dry, about 12 mm long.

MINDANAO, Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley, Mrs. Clemens s. n. (type), May, 1907,
also no. 277, February, 1906, and unnumbered specimens collected in June and
September, 1907. Basinan, DeVore & Hoover 96, and apparently also a sterile
specimen collected on that island by Hallier, s. n.

The above species is recognizable by its bipinnate leaves, the pinne being
2-jugate, and the leaflets 2- or 3-jugate, by its strongly and obliquely nerved
leaflets which are abruptly and usually prominently blunt-acuminate, its slender
panicle-branches, capitate sessile flowers, and its pods, which are curved into an
almost complete circle.

6. Pithecolobium ellipticum (Blume) Hassk. in Retzia 1 (1855) 225;
Prain ex King in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 66? (1897) 270, 516; Merr. & Rolfe in
Philip. Journ. Sci. 3 (1908) Bot. 104.

Inga elliptica Blume Cat. Gew. Buitenzorg (1823) 88; Walp. Repert. 1
(1842) 930.

Pithecolobium fasciculatum Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. 3 (1844)
208; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1878) 304.

PALAWAN, For. Bur. 4144 Curran. MINDANAO, District of Zamboanga, Copeland
s. n., Williams 2094.

Malay Peninsula and Archipelago.

7. Pithecolobium angulatum (Grah.) Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. 3
(1844) 208, Trans. Linn. Soc. 30 (1875) 580; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind.
2 (1878) 306; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 76; Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1904) 4;
Prain ex King in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 66? (1897) 274.

Inga angulata Grah. in Wall. Cat. (1832) no. 5271.

Luzon, Province of Tayabas, Whitford 650, For. Bur. 10743 Curran. POLILLo,
Bur. Sci. 6869 Robinson, Bur. Sci. 10765 McGregor. Mtnporo, Merrill 1799,
McGregor 138, For. Bur. 3692, 4100, 5321, 9881, 11498 Merritt. PALawan,
For. Bur. 3477 Curran, Bur. Sci. 748 Foxworthy. Masspate, For. Bur. 1716
Clark. GuUIMARAS, I’or. Bur. 270 Gammill. Nearos, For. Bur. 5574 Everett.

Native names: Saga, baroemoe, bahay (Mindoro); bunsicag (Palawan) ;
bagatngo (Negros).

This species is exceedingly variable, and extends from India to the Malay
Peninsula, Sumatra, Java, and Borneo.

The typical form, with terminal leaflets 7 to 12 em long, which Prain has
designated as var. heterophylla, is not found in the Philippines, but rather the
var, intermedia Prain, characterized by its more numerous pinne, and smaller,
more numerous leaflets.

8. Pithecolobium subacutum Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. 3 (1844)
210, Trans. Linn. Soc. 30 (1875) 578; Mig. FI. Ind. Bat 1! (1855) 37; ¥F.-Vill.
Nov. App. (1880) 76; Vid. Phan. Cuming. Philip. (1885) 111, Rey. Pl. Vase.
Filip. (1886) 121.

Mimosa scutifera var. (casai) Blanco FI. Filip. (1837) 736, ed. 2 (1845) 508,
ed. 3, 3: 138; Naves 1. ¢. pl. 447.

Pithecolobium montanum Perk. Frag. FI. Philip. (1904) 5; Merr. in Philip.
Journ, Sci. 1 (1906) Suppl. 61, non Benth.?

Baranes Isianps, Sabtan, Bur. Sci. 3740 Fénia. Luzon, Province of Cagayan,
Bur. Sci. 7782 Ramos, For. Bur. 17069 Curran, For. Bur. 6656 Klemme, For, Bur.
14798 Darling: Province of Isabela, For. Bur. 18551 Alvarez: Province of Ben-
guet, Elmer 6088, Bur. Sci, 2708 Mearns, Williams 1290: Province of Ilocos Norte,

oa

20 MERRILL.

Bur. Sci. 7689 Ramos: Province of Zambales, For. Bur. 6501 Aguilar, Hallier
s. n, For. Bur. 6334 Curran, Merrill 2926: Province of Nueva Vizcaya,
For. Bur. 18397 Alwarez: Province of Bataan, For. Bur. 2746 Borden, Williams
688: Province of Pangasinan, For. Bur. 9634 Zschokke: Province of Bulacan,
For. Bur. 11137 Aguilar: Province of Laguna, Hallier s. n., For. Bur, 10042,
10068 Curran, For. Bur. 7702 Curran & Merritt: Province of Rizal, Bur. Sci. 106
Foxworthy, Merrill 1622, 5048, 2330, For, Bur, 2444 Ahern’s collector; Province
of Sorsogon, For. Bur. 10540 Curran. CuLton, Merrill 579. PALAWAN, Bur. Sci.
688 Foaworthy. Samar, For. Bur. 12883 Rosenbluth, Leyte, Elmer 7114.
Negros, For. Bur. 17403 Curran.

Native names: T'ugayong, narandauel, saplit (Cagayan) ; carisquis, ayamguitan
(Zambales) ; tugurare (Pangasinan) ; inep (Bulacan) ; malasaga, malaganip, tekin
(Laguna) ; bahay (Sorsogon) ; tagomtagom (Samar) ; tique (Rizal) ; casai, mala-
camonsili, alobahai, ex Blanco.

Celebes (fide Koorders).

This species is exceedingly variable, but after a careful study of the material
cited above, I feel confident that all the specimens are referable to one species.
The variability seems to parallel that of the preceding form. As I have no
authentic material of Pithecolobium montanum Benth. for comparison, [ am unable
to determine the points of difference between the two. It is barely possible that
P. subacutum Benth., is only a form or variety of P. montanum Benth. The two
species are placed by Bentham under separate series, Sessiliflorae and Pedicellatae,
but in our Philippine material the flowers appear to be indifferently pedicelled,
subsessile or sessile. The plate in the third edition of Blanco’s “Flora de Fili-
pinas,” cited above, well represents the species.

9. Pithecolobium prainianum Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 1 (1906) Suppl. 61,
l. e. 2 (1907) Bot. 276.

Pithecolobium parvifolium Merr. Govt. Lab. Publ. (Philip.) 29 (1905) 19,
non Benth. ;

Pithecolobium montanum var. microphylla Benth. Trans. Linn. Soc. 30 (1875)
581; Vidal Phan. Cuming. Philip. (1885) 111, Rev. Pl. Vase. Filip. (1886) 121,
non P. microphyllum Benth.

P. montanum Vid. Sinopsis Atlas (1883) t. 45, f. A. ?, non Benth.

Luzon, District of Lepanto, For. Bur. 14488 Darling: Province of Benguet,
Topping 128, For. Bur. 928 Barnes, For. Bur. 4919, 10893 Curran, Elmer 5863,
Bur. Sci. 2713 Mearns, Williams 1322, For. Bur. 18303 Alvarez: Province of
Pampanga, Merrill 3836: Province of Bataan, Whitford 1179, Merrill 3876, For.
Bur. 2790 Meyer: Province of Tayabas, For. Bur. 7837 Curran & Merritt. MIN-
poro, Merrill 5702, For. Bur. 8508, 8719 Merritt. Lryrr, For, Bur. 12623 Rosen-
bluth. “s

Borneo, Java.

This species is usually found at higher altitudes than any of the preceding ones,
and is frequently found in exposed ridge-forests on mountains, ascending to at least
1600 m. It shows a tendency to intergrade with the preceding species, through
such forms as Fénia 3740, and Elmer 7114. On the whole, however, it appears to
be fairly constant, and readily distinguishable by its very small leaflets.

DOUBTFUL AND EXCLUDED SPECIES.

PITHECOLOBIUM BIGEMINUM Mart. This is credited to the Philippines by F.-
Villar, Nov. App. (1880) 75, and by Stapf, Trans. Linn. Soe. Bot. Il 4 (1894) 144.
I have seen no Philippine specimens, and the typical form of Martius’ species
probably does not extend to the Archipelago.

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;

ENUMERATION OF PHILIPPINE LEGUMINOSAE, ¥1

PITHECOLOBIUM CLYPEARIA Benth, Credited to the Philippines by Usteri, Beitr.
Ken. Phil. Veg. (1905) 117, but probably an erroneous identification for P.
angulatum Benth., or P. subacutum Benth.

4. ALBIZZIA Durazz.

Leaflets small or medium-sized, mostly oblong, ovate-oblong or linear-oblong, never
more than 5 em in length.
Scandent shrub; the petioles subtended by a thick, curved, hook-like pulvinus.
1. A. scandens
Erect trees or shrubs; pulvinus not enlarged.
Leaflets oblong or ovate-oblong, obtuse, 1.5 to 5 em long, the costa central
or subcentral.
Flowers sessile; the portion of the leaflet on the upper side of the costa
Beeceergar.. Cisne. Cie LO Wer isis oi. cccisncrscapigts sachs oan nie stcane agers 2. A. procera
Flowers pedicelled; leaflets subequilateral or the lower half broader than
the upper.
- Leaflets subequilateral; umbels few-flowered; flowers, including the sta-
mens, 1.5 em long; stamens purplish...................-............ 3. A. retusa
Leaflets inequilateral, the portion on the lower side of the midrib mani-
festly broader than the upper; umbels many-flowered; flowers includ-
ing the stamens, about 3 em long, white..........00000..00...... 4. A. lebbeck
Leaflets small, linear or linear-oblong, usually more or less faleate and less
than 1.5 cm in length, the costa strongly excentric, near the upper
margin; flowers sessile.
Pinne usually 4- to 6-jugate; costa distinct from the upper margin of
BG FOOT OOR icici cscs. \: <i eyapigen gt paaingsaeo-+ os Gace A 5. A. lebbekoides
Pinne usually 9- to 15-jugate; costa close to the upper margin of the
leaflets; stipules large, inequilateral, ovate, cordate, caducous, 2 to
2.0 OR TOD «-...........<:0-deonmea eel AS SRLS ea 6. A. marginata
Leaflets large, ovate, acute or acuminate, the upper ones 10 to 18. em long.
Pinne 2-jugate; leaflets pubescent with short appressed hairs beneath; inflo-
rescence terminal; pods flat, not at all inflated, thin, dehiscent, 20 em

SOME OF TG. con. 1. 020.20. eagle emai datntatebdrseroaé+<naeniennstssonsape 7. A. sdponaria
Pinne l-jugate; leaflets entirely glabrous; inflorescence axillary; pods inde-
hiscent strongly inflated opposite the seeds, 25 to 40 em long........ 8. A. acle

1. Albizzia scandens Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 4 (1909) Bot. 265.

PALAWAN, Iwahig, Bur. Sci. 829 Foxworthy, May, 1906. In thickets near the
seashore.

Endemic.

2. Albizzia procera (Roxb.) Benth. in Lond. Journ. Bot. 3 (1844) 89, Trans.
Linn. Soc. 30 (1875) 564; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1878) 299; Miq.
Fl. Ind. Bat. 1* (1855) 21; Prain ex King in Journ. As. Soc. Berg. 66? (1897)
259, 513; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 75; Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 1 (1906)
Suppl. 62.

Mimosa procera Roxb. Pl. Coromandel 2 (1798) 12, pl. 121.

Acacia procera Willd. Sp. Pl. 4 (1805) 1063.

Mimosa coriaria Blanco FI. Filip. (1837) 734, ed. 2 (1845) 506, ed. 3, 3: 136.

Albizzia retusa Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1904) 6, non Benth.

Luzon, Province of Abra, lor. Bur, 14513, 14552, 14634 Darling: Province of
locos Norte, For. Bur, 13848 Merritt & Darling: Province of Ilocos Sur, For.
Bur, 13025 Paraiso, For, Bur, 5241 Klemme: Province of Union, For. Bur. 14140
Merritt & Darling, Elmer 5692; Province of Benguet, Williams 1286, For. Bur.

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ay

3 H

2

22 MERRILL.

4900, 10866 Curran, For. Bur. 14110 Merritt & Darling: Province of Pampanga,
For. Bur. 9621 Zschokke: Province of Zambales, Merrill 2909, 3006, For. Bur.
6022, 6505 Aguilar: Province of Rizal, For. Bur. 5193 Curran, Merrill 2703:
Province of Bataan, Merrill 1516, Williams 373, 726, For. Bur, 20005 Topacio,
Whitford 41, For. Bur, 158 Barnes, For. Bur, 5271 Curran, Elmer 6892, For. Bur.
1270, 1292, 1293, 1310, 1882, 1555, 1567, 1620, 1823 Borden. MutNporo, For. Bur.
8756, 8819, 9704 Merritt, For. Bur, 11322 Rosenbluth.

Native names: Adaan (Abra, Ilocos Norte and Sur, Union, Benguet) ; calay
(Abra) ; daan (Benguet) ; caral (Pangasinan) ; alalangad (Pampanga, Bataan) ;
aninapla (Pampanga, Rizal); carail (Zambales) ; acleng parang or acle parang
(Zambales, Bataan, Mindoro) ; anapla (Mindoro) ; anitap, ayangao, dariangao, ex
Blanco.

An abundant species in the regions where it is found, occurring especially
at low altitudes in thickets and in open grass lands, but in some provinces reach-
ing an altitude of at least 1,000 m. Nepal to Central China, Andaman Islands,
Malay Archipelago to New Guirtea and northern Australia; not as yet found in
the Malay Peninsula.

3. Albizzia retusa Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. 3 (1844) 90, Trans.
Linn. Soe. 30 (1875) 563; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. 1* (1855) 23; Vid. Phan. Cuming.
Philip. (1885) 111, Rev. Pl. Vase, Filip. (1886) 120; F.-Vill. Nov. App.
(1880) 75.

Mimosa lebbek Blanco Fl. Filip. (1837) 733, ed. 2 (1845) 506, ed. 3, 3: 135,
non Linn. :

Albizzvia littoralis Teysm. & Binn. Nat. Tijdschr. Ned. Ind. 29 (1867) 259;
Prain in Journ. As. Soe. Beng. 66? (1897) 257, 512; Koord. & Valet. Meded.’s
Lands Plant. 11 (1894) 301; Benth. Trans. Linn. Soc. 30 (1875) 648; Merr.
in Forest. Bureau (Philip.) Bull. 1 (1903) 23.

Albizzia procera “Teysm., & Binn.;” Perk, Frag. Fl. Philip, (1904) 5, non
Benth.

Luzon, Province of Cagayan, For. Bur. 11309 Klemme, For. Bur. 13114
Bernardo, For. Bur. 16969 Curran, Bur. Sci. 7433 Ramos: Province of Ilocos
Norte, Cuming 1223 (type number): Province of Tayabas, For. Bur, 10181,
10302 Curran, Merrill 1024: Province of Camarines, For. Bur. 10689 Curran,
Ahern 69. Mrnporo, Cuming 1593, For. Bur. 3685, 9878 Merritt, Whitford
1438, Merrill 1213. Patawan, For, Bur. 38387 Curran, For. Bur. 11250 Manalo.
BavaBac, Bur. Sci. 508 Mangubat. Leyte, For. Bur. 12637 Rosenbluth. M1n-
DANAO, District of Davao, Williams 2696, Copeland 557.

Native names: J'agolo, malenab (Cagayan); saplit (Principe); casay (Ca-
marines, Mindoro, Palawan); sintog (Davao); langil ex Blanco.

This species is apparently confined to the beach forests, at least in the
Philippines, and is rather widely distributed, extending from the Nicobar Islands
and Penang to Java, Amboina, Celebes, and the Caroline Islands (Yap, Volkens
525, distributed as Albizzia retusa Benth.). The type of Albizzia retusa was
from the Philippines, Cuming 1223, supplemented by Cuming 1593; the former
has leaflets somewhat smaller than those of typical A. littoralis, but the latter
has them intermediate in size, while among the numerous specimens cited above
all intergradations can be found. The retuse apices of the leaflets is by no
means a constant character. The original description of Albizzia littoralis
calls for flowers sessile or minutely pedicelled, but Koorders and Valeton, who
had before them authentic material collected by Teysmann in Amboina, state
that the pedicels are 3 to 4 mm long, which agrees with our Philippine material.
The gland characters given by Prain to distinguish this species from Albizzia
procera will not hold, as glands are found on both the primary and secondary

i i, ee — oT. rs oh ta)

ENUMERATION OF PHILIPPINE LEGUMINOSAE. Zo

rachises in both species. It can at once be distinguished from A. procera by
its pedicelled flowers, and entirely different pods. It is manifestly closely allied
to Albizzia lebbeck, although very distinct from that species. The pods of the
two are very similar.

4. Albizzia lebbeck (Linn.) Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. 3 (1844)
87, Trans. Limn. Soc. 30 (1875) 562 (lebbek); Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind.
2 (1878) 298; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 75; Naves in Blanco Fl. Filip. ed. 3,
pl. 316; Vidal Rev. Pl. Vasc. Filip. (1886) 120, Sinopsis Atlas (1883) ¢. 44,
jig. BE; Prain ex King in Journ, As. Soc. Beng. 66° (1897) 257.

Mimosa lebbeck Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 516.

» Acacia lebbeck Willd. Sp. Pl. 4 (1805) 1066.

Luzon, Province of Ilocos Sur, Bur. Sci. 10098 McGregor: Manila, Ahern
721, 741, Merrill 2777, For. Bur. 19015, 19061 Curran (all from cultivated
trees: Province of Bataan, For. Bur. 15559 Curran (from cultivated tree).
PaLAwAN, For. Bur. 15044 Danao.

This species is almost certainly not a native of the Philippines; all the
specimens seen from Luzcn are from cultivated trees, but Danao states that
the specimen from Palawan came from the forest. It appears to be wild in
the drier parts of Africa and Asia, and is now widely cultivated in many parts
of the world, China, Japan, West Indies, South America, ete. Most authors have
followed DeCandolle and Bentham and spelled the specific name “lebbek,” the
original is, however, ‘“‘lebbeck.”

5. Albizzia lebbekoides (DC.) Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. 3 (1844)
89, Trans. Linn. Soe. 30 (1870) 568; Koord. & Valet. Meded.’s Lands Plantent.
11 (1894) 306; Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 1 (1906) Suppl. 62; Prain in
Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 66? (1897) 513.

Acacia lebbekoides DC. Prodr. 2 (1825) 467; Decne.,Ann, Mus. Paris 3
(1834) 461.

Mimosa carisquis Blanco Fl. Filip. (1837) 734, ed. 2 (1845) 507; ed. 3, 3: 137.

Albizzia julibrissin F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 75, non Durazz.

Luzon, Province of Abra, For. Bur. 14521 Darling: Province of Ilocos Norte,
For. Bur. 138806 Merritt & Darling: Province of Nueva Ecija, For. Bur. 14324
Saroca: Province of Pangasinan, For. Bur. 8345 Curran & Merritt: Province of
Rizal, For. Bur. 1126, 1857, 3305 Ahern’s collector: Province of Bataan, Whitford
s. n., For. Bur. 6847 Curran. Muinvoro, For. Bur. 9815 Merritt,

Native names: Malaghanip (Rizal); carisquis (Abra, Ilocos Norte, Nueva
Keija).

Usually found at low altitudes, and often back of mangrove swamps, ascending
to 600 m in Abra. ;

Burma and Siam to Java and Timor.

6. Albizzia marginata (Lam.) comb. nov.

Mimosa marginata Lam. Eneyel. 1 (1783) 12.

Mimosa stipulata Roxb. Hort. Beng. (1814) 40, nomen, FI. Ind. 2 (1832) 549
(stipulacea).

Acacia marginata Ham. in Wall. Cat, (1832) no, 5243, nomen.

Albizzia stipulata Boiv. Encycl. XIX Siécle 2: 33; Benth. in Hook. Lond.
Journ. Bot. 3 (1844) 92, Trans. Linn. Soc. 30 (1875) 568; F.-Vill. Nov. App.
(1880) 75; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1878) 300; Prain ex King in
Journ. As, Soc. Beng. 66* (1897) 255, 515; Koord. & Valet. Meded. ’s Lands
Plantent. 11 (1894) 303.

Albizzia julibrissin Vid. Cat. Pl. Prov. Manila (1880) 28; Perk. Frag. Fl.
Philip. (1904) 5, non Durazz.

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a See eS Le eee Ne, ee ee ee ee Oe ee ee eee ee ee ee

24 MERRILL.

Luzon, Province of Abra, For. Bur. 14523 Darling: Province of Nueva Vizeaya,
For. Bur. 18021 Merritt, For. Bur. 10861 Curran: Manila, Ahern 743: Province
of Rizal, Merrill 1865, Decades Philip. Forest Fl. 215 Ahern’s collector: Province
of Tayabas, For. Bur. 6040 Kobbe: Province of Bataan, For. Bur.'17319 Curran,
For. Bur, 18377 Cortes.

Native names: Malagahanip (VTayabas); malatiqui (Rizal); malasampaloe
(Bataan).

Tropical Asia to the Andaman Islands, Southern China, Java, and probably
other islands of the Malay Archipelago.

I can see no valid reason why Lamarck’s specific name should not be adopted,
as it is much the earliest one for the species. Bentham” states that it is evident
from the description and citation that Lamarck’s species is referable to Albizzia
stipulata Boiv., and not to A. odoratissima Benth. Lamarck’s specimens were
from Pondichéry, and he also refers to Rheede, Hort. Malabar. 6: 9, tab. 5, as
representing the species. The reference to Albizzia marginata Ham. Wall. Cat.
no. 5243, in “Index Kewensis,”’ does not constitute a valid transfer. Most of
the specimens cited above have been distributed as Albizzia julibrissin Durazz.,
but some of the material recently collected shows the very large stipules charac-
teristic of Albizzia marginata, hence the specimens are here referred to the latter.

7. Albizzia saponaria (Lour.) Blume ex Migq. FI. Ind. Bat. 14 (1855) 19;
Benth. in Trans. Linn. Soe. 30 (1875) 561; Vidal Rey. Pl. Vase. Filip. (1886)
120; Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1904) 6.

Mimosa saponaria Lour. Fl. Cochineh. (1790) 653.

Inga saponaria Willd, Sp. Pl. 4 (1805) 1008.

Albizzia lucida Merr. in Forestry Bureau (Philip.) Bull. 1 (1903) 23, non
Benth.

Albizzia tomentella Merr. 1. ¢., non Miq.?

Luzon, Province of Ilocos Norte, For. Bur. 13883 Merritt & Darling, For. Bur.
14696 Darling: Province of Ilocos Sur, For. Bur. 5266 Klemme: Province of
Benguet, For. Bur. 5132 Curran: Province of Pangasinan, For. Bur. 8269 Curran
& Merritt: Province of Pampanga, For. Bur. 9612 Zschokke, For. Bur. 5779
Curran, Merrill 1390: Province of Bataan, For. Bur, 1563, 1932 Borden, For. Bur.
1498 Ahern’s collector, For. Bur. 5298, 5468 Curran, Merrill 1515, For. Bur. 849
Maule, For. Bur. 20001 Topacio: Province of Rizal, Decades Philip. Forest
Flora no. 84 Ahern’s collector, Bur. Sci. 132 Foxworthy, For. Bur. 3339
Ahern’s collector, For. Bur. 5195 Curran, Bur. Sci. 1509 Ramos: Province of
Laguna, For, Bur. 10049 Curran: Province of Tayabas, For. Bur. 12268 Rosen-
bluth, Merrill 2602, For. Bur, 10285 Curran: Province of Camarines, For. Bur.
10424 Curran: Province of Albay, Bur. Sci. 2878, 2879 Mearns. Munporo,
MeGregor 260, Merrill 2213, 2368, 2451, 2469, For. Bur. 11419 Merritt. Trcao,

For, Bur. 1012 Clark. Maspate, Merrill 3377, For. Bur. 1009 Clark, Whitford ;

1681. Guimaras, For. Bur. 305 Gammill. Samar, For. Bur. 12884 Rosenbluth.
Leyte, Elmer 7340. Negros, For. Bur. 17423 Curran. MINDANAO, District of
Zamboanga, Williams 2095, For. Bur. 9003 Whitford & Hutchinson, Ahern 395,
For. Bur. 9520 Hutchinson: Province of Surigao, Ahern 678, For. Bur. 7575
Hutchinson. BAsiLan, Hallier s. n. g

Native names: maratica (Ilocos Norte and Sur); gogon-toco (Pangasinan,
Pampanga, Rizal, Bataan); malatuco (Pampanga, Rizal, Laguna); gogo-casay
(Tayabas) ; salunguigui (Mindoro, Ticao, Masbate); salukugui (Samar); pipt
(Negros) ; saluncugui, salancugui, siangcugi (Mindanao).

. The range of this species is somewhat doubtful, but it is probably rather widely

"Trans. Linn. Soe. 30 (1875) 569,

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ENUMERATION OF PHILIPPINE LEGUMINOSAE, 25

distributed in the Malay Archipelago. It was based on the description and very
crude figure of Cortex saponarius given by Rumphius in “Herbarium Amboinense”
4 (1743) 131, pl. 66. I believe that there is very little doubt but that the
material cited above represents the species, and consider it very doubtful if
Albizzia tomentella Miq. will prove to be distinct. The bark contains a consider-
able amount of saponin, and is used throughout the Philippines as a substitute
for soap. The species is variable in vegetative characters, large and small leaflets
being frequently found on the same specimen.

8. Albizzia acle (Blanco) comb. noy.

Mimosa acle Blanco FI. Filip. (1837) 738, ed. 2 (1845) 509, ed. 3, 3: 140.

Nylia dolabriformis Vid. Cat. Pl. Prov. Manila (1880) 28; F.-Vill. Nov. App.
(1880) 73, non Benth.

Pithecolobium acle Vid. Rev. Pl. Vase. Filip. (1886) 121; Merr. in Philip.
Journ. Sci. 1 (1906) Suppl. 61, Forestry Bureau (Philip.) Bull. 1 (1903) 23;
Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1904) 4.

A tree, reaching a height of 25 or 30 m, glabrous or nearly so except
the inflorescence. Branches terete, gray or brown, usually strongly
lenticellate. Leaves brpinnate, the petiole 2 to 5 cm long, with a single
large gland at the apex; pinne a single pair only, their rachises with a
gland between each pair of petiolules; leaflets 2- to 4-jugate, the upper-
most ones of each pinna the largest, when young very thinly membra-
naceous, becoming chartaceous, or ultimately even subcoriaceous, ovate
to elliptic-ovate or oblong-ovate, often somewhat inequilateral, the largest
ones up to 18 em long and sometimes 8 cm wide, the lower ones smaller,
shining when dry, the base acute or rounded, the apex distinctly blunt-
or sharp-acuminate; nerves about 6 on each side of the midrib, distinct,
anastomosing, the reticulations rather lax; petiolules 1.5 to 3 mm long.
Inflorescences usually appearing with the leaves, axillary, softly pubes-
cent, of many, fasciculate, rather densely disposed short panicles, the
ultimate branches or peduncles to the heads of flowers 4 cm long or less.
Flowers greenish-white, sessile, 10 to 15 in each head. Calyx somewhat
tubular, pubescent, about 3 mm long, with 5 short teeth. Corolla pubes-
cent, narrowly funnel-shaped, about 7 mm long. Stamens many, much
exserted. Pods 20 to 40 em long, varying from 3.5 to 5 cm in width,
straight, indehiscent, thickly coriaceous, the base usually acute, the apex
acuminate or rounded, sometimes slightly retuse and apiculate, con-
stricted between the seeds, but without dissepiments, opposite the seeds
much inflated, ultimately breaking irregularly across the pods at the
constrictions between the seeds, and also breaking from the continuous
and somewhat thickened margins. Seeds 10 to 12 in each pod, elliptic,
about 2 em long, 1.5 em wide, and 7 or 8 mm thick, dark-reddish-brown,
not arillate, marked on both sides with a horseshoe-shaped scar or line.

Luzon, Provinee of Ilocos Sur, For, Bur. 13001 Paraiso: Province of Nueva
Ecija, For. Bur, 11053 Saroca, For, Bur. 9602 Zschokke: Province of Pangasinan,
For. Bur. 14355 Villamil: Province of Zambales, Merrill 2974, Hallier s. n., For.
Bur, 8123 Curran & Merritt, For. Bur. 11041 Zschokke, For. Bur. 5816, 5835

Be a er, tn aaa a |

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“7 SS

26 MERRILL.

Curran: Province of Rizal, Merrill 1306, 1635, 5085, Decades Philip. Forest Flora
no, 53 Ahern’s collector: Province of Bataan, Whitford 35, 1367, Williams 371,
Elmer 6688, For. Bur. 5291, 6291, 6375 Curran, Bur. Sci. 1566 Foxworthy, For.
Bur. 687, 689, 720 Borden, For. Bur. 366, 507 Barnes: Province of Tayabas, Merrill
2047, 2595, For, Bur. 1251 Rosenbluth, For, Bur. 14944 Darling, For. Bur. 6066
Kobbe, For. Bur. 11517 Whitford, Hagger s. n., For. Bur. 10261 Curran: Province
of Camarines, Ahern 142: Province of Sorsogon, For. Bur. 10622 Curran. MIn-
poro, For. Bur, 9723bis Merritt. PaLtawan, For. Bur. 7429, 11249 Manalo, Curran
s.n. Maspate, For. Bur, 995 Clark, For. Bur, 12579, 12602 Rosenbluth. Necros,
For. Bur. 11238 Everett, For. Bur. 18230 Rosenbluth.

Native names: Acle (in most islands and provinces where it is found, and
its commercial name) ; quitaqguita (Ilocos Sur, Pangasinan, Zambales) ; tili, teles
(Zambales) ; langin (Masbate) ; sauriri (Palawan) ; banuyo (Negros).

After a careful study of the above material, I am convinced that the species
must be referred to Albizzia, rather than to Pithecolobium, where it was placed
by Vidal. It differs from Pithecolobium, at least from the majority of the
species now referred to that genus, in its straight and indehiscent pods, the first
character being true of all species of Albizzia known to me, while a number of
species have indehiscent pods. The seeds of Albizzia acle have on both sides
rather distinct horseshoe-shaped markings, corresponding to the circular, oblong,
oval, or elliptic markings on the seeds of Albizzia spp., and Enterolobium saman,
while none of the species of Pithecolobium in this herbarium show corresponding
sears or lines. The bark of Albizzia acle contains a considerable amount of
saponin, like that Albizeia saponaria Blume, and like that of the latter species,
is used by the natives as a substitute for soap; I know of no species of Pithe-
colobium having this property. The wood of this species has been described by
Foxworthy ;" it is dark-colored, moderately hard and heavy, and in structure
and properties much more like that of various species of Albizzia than of Pithe-
colobium. Among the Philippine species it is most closely allied to Albizzia
saponaria Bl.

Albizzia acle is a valuable timber tree in the Philippines, and is widely
distributed at low altitudes. It is commercially known as acle, and the timber is
used for many purposes.

Endemic.

EXCLUDED SPECIES.

ALBIZZIA LUCIDA (Roxb.) Benth.; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 75.

An Asiatic species, doubtfully extending to Singapore and Java, and not
definitely known from the Philippines. Probably an erroneous identification on
the part of F.-Villar for some form of A. saponaria BI.

ALBIZZIA ODORATISSIMA (L. f.) Benth.; F.-Vill. 1. e.

Like the preceding, a species not definitely known from the Philippines. Prob-
ably an erroneous identification for A. lebbekoides Benth.

5. WALLACEODENDRON Koorders.

1, Wallaceodendron celebicum Koord. Meded. ’s Lands Plantent. 19 (1898)
446, 631; Gilg in Engl. & Prantl Nat. Pflanzenfam. Nachtr. 2 (1900) 30; Merr.
Forest. Bureau (Philip.) Bull. 1 (1903) 28, Philip. Journ. Sci. 3 (1908) Bot.
409; Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1904) 5.

Pithecolobium williamsii Elm, Leafl. Philip. Bot. 1 (1907) 223.

BaBUYANES ISLANDS, Camiguin, Bur. Sci. 4098 Fénia: Province of Cagayan,

“This Journal 2 (1907) Botany 269.

eh a ee ee hes | ce |

ENUMERATION OF PHILIPPINE LEGUMINOSAE. 27

For. Bur. 11302 Klemme, For. Bur. 17129, 17274 Curran, For. Bur. 18430,
18527 Alvarez, For. Bur. 13116 Bernardo: Province of Isabela, For. Bur. 18574
Alvarez: Province of Benguet, Elmer 8833 (type number of Pithecolobium
williamsii Elm.): Province of Tayabas, Merrill 2026, For. Bur. 10343, 10380
Curran: Province of Camarines, Ahern 49bis, For. Bur, 10468, 10655, Curran.
Ticao, For.*Bur. 15791 Rosenbluth, For. Bur, 2533 Clark. Burtas, For. Bur.
1730 Clark. Maspate, For. Bur. 12605, 12825 Rosenbluth. Samar, For. Bur.
12844 Rosenbluth. Negros, For. Bur. 8506 Everett.

Native names: Banuyo (Tayabas, Samar, Masbate, Burias, Ticao, Camarines) ;
lupigui (Cagayan, Isabela) ; melmel, dauer (Cagayan).

A monotypic genus at present known only from Celebes and the Philippines,
growing especially near the seashore, but also occurring inland and at considerable
altitudes. It undoubtedly belongs in the Mimosoideae-Ingeae, although in fruit
characters it is closer to some of the genera in Mimosoideae-Piptadenieae. It is
well characterized by its dehiscent pods, the exocarp of which is not transversely
jointed, and which is free from the transversely septate endocarp, the latter
forming a somewhat loose, parchment-like, more or less inflated envelope surround-
ing each seed, quite similar to that of Hntada, and doubtless an adaptation
for dispersal of the seeds by water. The timber is of considerable value, and
has been considered by Foxworthy,” under the head of Banuyo.

6. ACACIA Willd.

Leaves reduced to simple, flat, narrowly lanceolate, somewhat falcate phyllodia,
6 to 11 em long; heads axillary, solitary, peduncled.................... l. A. confusa
Leaves all bipinnate.
Erect shrubs or small trees with stipular spines; heads solitary or fascicled,
axillary” pods’ .cylindric** 53ib ees och ces heehee 2. A. farnesiana
Scandent shrubs with non-spinescent stipules and with prickly branches; heads
mostly panicled, sometimes axillary; pods flat.
Heads fascicled or subpaniculately racemose at the nodes; pods thickened,
more or less depressed and septate between the seeds............ 3, A, rugata
Heads usually in terminal panicles; pods thin, not septate between the seeds.
Leaflets oblong, 2 to 3 mm wide, not closely crowded, the costa submedian,
at least well removed from the upper margin........................ 4. A. caesia
Leaflets linear to linear-oblong, 1 to 1.83 mm wide, crowded, the costa close
to the upper margin, at least near the base of the leaflets.
5. A. pennata
1. Acacia confusa sp. nov.
Acacia richii Forbes & Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 23 (1887) 215; Perk.
Frag. Fl. Philip. (1904) 6; Mats. & Hayata Enum. Pl. Formosa (1906) 117;
non A, Gray.

Arbor glabra 6 ad 15 m alta, differt a A. richii A. Gray phyllodinis
angustioribus longioribusque, distincte plus falcatis, nervis paucioribus,
leguminibus angustioribus, capitulis solitariis, non fasciculatis.

A glabrous tree 6 to 15 m high. Branches terete, gray or brown,
lenticellate, the branchlets rather slender. Phyllodes narrowly lanceolate,
subcoriaceous, rather distinctly faleate, 6 to 11 cm long, 5 to 8 mm wide,
gradually narrowed at both ends, the apex rather blunt, sometimes
subacute; nerves about 5, distinct. Heads axillary, solitary, about 5

2 This Journal 2 (1907) Botany 376.

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28 MERRILL.

mm in diameter, the peduncles slender, about 1 em long. Flowers
yellow, with a faint odor, the calyx 2 mm long. Pods 4 to 9 em long,
7 to 10 mm wide, dark-colored when dry, shining, base acute or acu-
minate, the apex acute or somewhat curved-apiculate, somewhat inflated
opposite the seeds and frequently constricted between them, scarcely
reticulated. Seeds 4 to 8 in each pod, elliptic, compressed, 5 mm long,
their longer diameter arranged parallel with the pod, not at right
angles to it.

Luzon, Province of Zambales, Merrill 2114 (type), For. Bur. 5922, 2010 Curran.
Formosa, Henry 774.

Acacia richii is said to be represented also by the following Formosan speci-
mens, which I have not seen: Oldham 193, Swinhoe s. n., Ford s. n., fide Forbes
& Hemsley; Faurie 41, 141, fide Matsumura and Hayata.

After a careful examination of the Philippine material, and a specimen of
Henry 774 from Formosa, and comparison of this material with the original
description and figure, as well as with a typical phylloclade from the type collection
of Acacia richii A. Gray, I am convinced that the form above described as Acacia
confusa is specifically distinct from Gray’s species. About four years ago Dr. C.
B. Robinson, then at the New York Botanical Garden, called my attention to the
differences between the Philippine material and the type collection of A. richii,
and kindly supplied me with a fragment of the latter, expressing the opinion that
two species were represented, an opinion in which I entirely concur.

Native names: Ayarngili, ualisin (Zambales).

Luzon and Formosa, ,

2. Acacia farnesiana (Linn.) Willd. Sp. Pl. 4 (1805) 1083; Benth. in Trans.
Linn. Soc. 30 (1875) 502; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1878) 292; Vid.
Sinopsis Atlas (1883) ¢. 45, fig. C, Rev. Pl. Vase. Filip. (1886) 119; F.-Vill. Nov.
App. (1880) 74.

Mimosa farnesiana Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 521; Blanco Fl. Filip. (1837) 729,
ed. 2 (1845) 504, ed. 3, 3: 133.

Luzon, Province of Cagayan, For, Bur. 17041 Curran: Provinee of Abra, For.
Bur, 16561 Darling: Province of Ilocos Sur, For. Bur. 14083 Merritt & Darling:
Province of Union, Elmer 5598: Manila, Merrill 3461: Province of Laguna, Elmer:
Province of Rizal, Licup 382, Merrill 1641: Province of Bataan, Elmer 7003,
Williams 361: Province of Tayabas, Bur. Sci. 2359 Mearns. MiINnporo, For. Bur.
8564 Merritt. MAspatr, Merrill 3404. GumMARAS, For. Bur. 47 Ritchie. M1n-
DANAO, For. Bur. 3915 Hutchinson, Copeland s. n.

Quite universally known in the Philippines by the name aroma, of Spanish
origin; in Ilocos Sur, candaroma.

Probably a native of tropical America, now widely distributed in the tropies
of the world; common and widely distributed at low altitudes in the Philippines
and entirely naturalized.

3. Acacia rugata (Lam.) Ham. in Wall. Cat. (1832) no. 5251.

Mimosa rugata Lam. Eneyel. 1 (1783) 20.

Mimosa concinna Willd. Sp. Pl. 4 (1805) 1039.

Acacia concinna DC, Prodr. 2 (1825) 464; Benth. in Trans. Linn. Soc. 30
(1875) 531; Baker in Hook, f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1878) 296; Vid. Phan. Cuming.
Philip. (1885) 111, Rev. Pl. Vase. (1886) 120.

Acacia philippinarum Benth, in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. 1 (1842) 514, quoad
no. 1166 Cuming.

ENUMERATION OF PHILIPPINE LEGUMINOSAE. 29

Luzon, Province of Union, Hlmer 5689.

Acacia philippinarum Benth. was based on two specimens, one of which is
referable to A. rugata (A. concinna), to which Bentham himself reduced the
species, and the other is Acacia caesia Willd.

Apparently not common in the Philippines; India to southern China and the
Malay Archipelago.

4. Acacia caesia (Linn.) Willd. Sp. Pl. 4 (1805) 1090; Benth. in Trans. Linn.
Soc. 30 (1875) 530; Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1904) 6; Trimen Fl. Ceylon 2
(1894) 127.

Mimosa caesia Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 522.

Mimosa intsia Linn. 1. c.

Acacia intsia Willd. 1. ¢. 1091; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1878) 297;
F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 74; Vid. Sinopsis Atlas (1883) 1. 45, fig. D, Rev. Pl.
Vase. Filip. (1886) 120; Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 1 (1906) Suppl. 62.

Acacia concinna Naves in Blanco FI. Filip. ed. 3, pl. 3874, non DC.

Luzon, Province of Ilocos Sur, For. Bur. 5267 Klemme: Province of Bataan,
Williams 478, Merrill 8796: Province of Rizal, Bur. Sei. 1431, 4578 Ramos, Merrill
2812, For. Bur. 3255 Ahern’s collector.

Native names: Salsalomague (llocos Sur); daug, camat-cabay (Bataan) ;
daug-manoc, sibog-aso (Rizal).

Widely distributed in India and Ceylon, extending to Java and Sumatra, but
not reported from the Malay Peninsula or from southern China. The specific name
caesia has only page priority over intsia and has been here adopted following
Bentham and Trimen. ‘Trimen, J. ¢., states that Acacia intsia can not be distin-
guished from A. caesia, even as a variety.

5. Acacia pennata (Linn.) Willd. Sp. Pl. 4 (1805) 1090; Benth. in Trans.
Linn. Soc. 30 (1875) 530; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1878) 297; Trimen
Fl. Ceylon 2 (1894) 127; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 75; Vidal Phan, Cuming.
Philip. (1885) 111, Rev. Pl. Vase. Filip. (1886) 120; Prain Journ. As. Soc, Beng.
667 (1897) 250, 510. .

Mimosa pennata Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 522,

Mimosa tenuifolia Blanco Fl. Filip. (1837) 739, ed. 2 (1845) 510, ed. 3, 3:
141, non Linn.

BABUYANES ISLANDS, Camiguin, Bur. Sci. 4038 Fénia. Lvzon, Province of
Rizal, For. Bur. 2891 Ahern’s collector, Merrill 1660.

Native name: Sibog (Rizal).

Var. arrophula (Don) Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1878) 298; Prain l. ¢.

PALAWAN, Bur. Sci. 897 Foxworthy.

Var. pluricapitata (Steud.) Baker 1. ¢.; Prain 1. ec.

Luzon, Province of Tayabas, Elmer 9340.

Tropical Asia and Africa to southern China, the Malay Peninsula and
Archipelago.

Acacia pennata (L.) Willd, as interpreted by recent botanists, contains several
rather distinct forms, three of which are found in the Philippines. I am not
at all sure that the specimens above referred to the species represent the typical
form. As here interpreted, it is characterized by its small and raised basal
petiolar gland, with few small glands on the rachis, and its axillary, fascicled or
solitary heads, which are sometimes arranged in short racemes. The var.
arrophula is characterized by a large basal petiolar gland, with few small ones on
the upper part of the rachis, while the var. pluricapitata is distinguished by its
heads being arranged in ample terminal panicles, small, raised basal petiolar
gland, and numerous small glands on the rachis, one between every pair of pinne,

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30 MERRILL.

except the lower three or four. Prain™ has expressed the opinion that both the
varieties arrophula and pluricapitata are worthy of specific rank, but that the
point can only be determined satisfactorily by a monographie revision of the
Indian species. I have here followed Baker and Prain, as there is not sufficient
Indian material in our herbarium to determine the limits of the various forms.

ACACIA HOLOSERICEA A, Cunn. ex G. Don Gen. Syst. 2 (1832) 407; Benth.
Fl. Austr. 2 (1864) .411.

This Australian species has been recently introduced, and is cultivated at
Lamao, Province of Bataan, Luzon, where it has been collected by Mr. Cuzner, by
Mr. Curran, Vor. Bur. 12404, and by Dr. Shaw.

7. LEUCAENA Benth.

1, Leucaena glauca (Linn.) Benth. in Hook. Journ. Bot. 4 (1842) 416,
Trans. Linn. Soc. 30 (1875) 443; Baker in Hook f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1878) 290;
F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 74; Vid. Sinopsis Atlas (1883) t. 45, fig. B; Naves in
Blaneo Fl. Filip. ed. 3, pl. 400.

Mimosa glauca Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 520.

Acacia glauca Willd. Sp. Pl. 4 (1805) 1075.

Luzon, Province of Union, Elmer 5565, 5654: Province of Tlocos Sur, For. Bur.
14021, 14022 Merritt & Darling: Province of Nueva Eci ja, For. Bur, 11055 Saroca:
Province of Cavite, Bur. Sci. 1287 Mangubat: Province of Bataan, For. Bur. 7515
Curran: Province of Laguna, Williams 2047: Manila, Merrill 49, McGregor 39:
Province of Rizal, Merrill 2730, 1880: Province of Tayabas, Whitford 566: Proy-
ince of Albay, Bur. Sci. 2897 Mearns. Panay, For.-Bur. 113 Gammill. BASILAN,
For, Bur. 3970 Hutchinson.

Native names: Agho (Panay) ; datels (Leyte) ; comcompitis (Ilocos Sur) ; in
some provinces (Cavite, Pampanga, Rizal, Nueva Ecija, ete.), erroneously called
acle, which properly belongs to Albizzia acle.

A native of tropical America, now widely distributed in tropical and sub-
tropical parts of the world; very abundant and widely distributed in the Philip-
pines at low altitudes, the timber being used for house posts and for firewood.
In Leyte the seeds are used by the natives as a substitute for coffee.

8. SCHRANKIA Willd.

1, Schrankia quadrivalvis (Linn.) comb. nov.

Mimosa quadrivalvis Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 522; Blanco Fl. Filip. (1837) 732,
ed. 2 (1845) 506, ed. 3, 3: 135.

Schrankia aculeata Willd. Sp. Pl. 4 (1805) 1041; Benth. in Trans. Linn. Soc.
30 (1875) 441; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 74.

MINDANAO, Province of Misamis, Cagayan, L. Borja, December, 1907. Luzon
Province of Batangas, Bauang (fide Blanco).

This genus is confined entirely to America, except for the above species which
appears to be the only one that has established itself in the East. It was
probably introduced into the Philippines at the time the colony was governed
as a dependency of Mexico, when all communication between Spain and the
Philippines was via Vera Cruz and Acapulco, Mexico. In spite of its apparently
early introduction, it does not appear to be at all common if the Philippines.
The earliest specific name is adopted.

Native name: Bulong-siri (Misamis).

’

* Journ, As, Soc. Beng. 667 (1897) 250.

Seay. Sewer Se. 1 ae ee. 2 EE A TE

ENUMERATION OF PHILIPPINE LEGUMINOSAE. 31

9. MIMOSA Linn.

1. Mimosa pudica Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 518; Willd. Sp. Pl. 4 (1805) 1031;
Benth. in Trans. Linn. Soc. 30 (1875) 397; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2
(1878) 291; Naves in Blanco FI. Filip. ed. 3, pl. 200.

Mimosa asperata Blanco FI. Filip. (1837) 732, ed. 2 (1845) 505, ed. 3, 3: 134,
non Linn.

Luzon, Province of Isabela, Merrill 199: Province of Benguet, Williams 919:
Province of Union, Elmer 5573: Manila, Merrill 3468: Province of Panga-
sinan, Merrill 2867: Province of Rizal, For. Bur. 3195 Ahern’s collector: Province
of Tayabas, For. Bur. 7468 Reyes, Gregory 28, Merrill 2417: Province of Albay,
Bur. Sci. 6257 Robinson. Porto, Bur. Sci. 9211 Robinson. Crpu, Barrow 12.
Panay, Yoder 18. ;

Universally known among the natives as macahia (literally “ashamed”).
The sensitive plant.

Throughout the Philippines at low altitudes, in open lands. A native of
tropical America, now widely distributed in the tropics of the world, and in
many regions an extremely troublesome weed.

DOUBTFUL SPECIES.

MIMOSA BLANCOANA Llanos Mem. Acad. Ciene. Madrid 4 (1858) 503; Blanco
Fl. Filip. ed. 3, 4* (1880) 103.

Nothing at all agreeing with the very imperfect description has been recently
collected in the Philippines; it is possible that the description was based in part
on fragmentary material of Hntada scandens. It is not a Mimosa.

10. PROSOPIS Linn.

1. Prosopis vidaliana Naves in Ephem. “Oriente” (1877) fide F.-Villar, “Pro-
sopis vidaliana” (1877) 1-19, pl. 1, 2, Blanco FI. Filip. ed. 3, pl. 392; Vidal Cat.
Pl. Prov. Manila (1880) 28, Sinopsis Atlas (1883) t. 44, fig. C.

Prosopis juliflora ¥.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 73; Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1904)
7, non DC, ;

Luzon, Manila, Merrill 370: Province of Rizal, Feliciano 291: Province of
Bataan, Williams 379, For. Bur. 5934, 15562 Curran, Decades Philip. Forest Fl.
no. 192 Borden, For. Bur. 56 Barnes. BASILAN, Hallier s. n., DeVore & Hoover 72.

This species was originally described by Naves in a daily or weekly paper
published in Manila, and in the same year redescribed in detail and illustrated
by two plates in a pamphlet entitled “Prosopis Vidaliana Naves. Descripcién de
la espécie botanica Prosopis Vidaliana de la Flora de Filipinas” issued to
subscribers to the third edition of Blanco’s “Flora de Filipinas.” It was later
reduced by F.-Villar to Prosopis juliflora (Sw.) DC. which reduction has been
accepted by recent authors.

Having noticed that the Philippine material differed remarkably from the
single American specimen in this herbarium labeled Prosopis juliflora, I asked
Dr. J. N. Rose to compare the Philippine material in the United States National
Herbarium with American specimens of Prosopis. This he has kindly done, and
writes as follows: “I do not think your species is the same as any of our
United States ones. It is not the same as the one of central and southern
Mexico, which is probably P. dulcis. Neither do I think that it is P. juliflora of
the West Indies. It resembles very much some unidentified material of mine
from the west coast [of Mexico]. The pods of your Philippine plants are rather

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32 MERRILL.

peculiar in that they are straight below and with rather an abrupt bend near the
top. It is a constant character.”

I feel rather confident that this species is a native of Mexico, and that it was
introduced into the Philippines at the time when communication with Spain and
Manila was via Vera Cruz and Acapulco, in spite of the fact that it was not
described by Father Blanco. While it is undoubtedly allied to Prosopis juliflora,
and may possibly be interpreted as an extreme form of that variable species, it
is considered best to retain it as a distinct species for the present.

11. ADENANTHERA Linn.

1. Adenanthera intermedia Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 3 (1908) Bot. 228.

Mimosa virgata Blanco FI. Filip. (1837) 737, non Linn.

Mimosa punctata Blanco 1. ¢. ed” 2 (1845) 508, ed. 3, 3: 139, non Linn.

Adenanthera pavonina Auct. Philip., non Linn.

Widely distributed in the Philippines at low altitudes, represented by numerous
specimens cited by myself 1. e.

Native names: Tanglin (Bataan) ; malabago (Masbate) ; baguiroro (Albay) ;
pamiasin (Zambales) ; ipil-taitylin, butarie (Cagayan) ; malasagad (Rizal); qui-.
nasacasai, ex Blanco.

Endemic.

12. ENTADA Adans.
Leaflets 3 to 10 cm long; pods 0.5 to 1 m long.....2.200..00.000.00..-... 1, EB. seandens
Leaflets less than 1.5 em long; pods 10 to 25 em long................ 2. EH. parvifolia

1. Entada scandens (Linn.) Benth. in Hook. Journ. Bot. 4 (1842) 332, Trans.
Linn. Soe. 30 (1875) 363; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1878) 287; F.-Vill.
Nov. App. (1880) 73; Vid. Sinopsis Atlas (1883) t. 44, fig. A.

Mimosa seandens Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2 (1763) 1501.

Mimosa entada Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 518.

Adenanthera gogo Blanco FI. Filip. (1837) 353.

Entada pursaetha DC. Prodr. 2 (1825) 425; Blanco Fl, Filip. ed. 2 (1845)
247, ed. 3, 2: 96.

Luzon, Province of Cagayan, For, Bur. 16982 Bacani: Province of Abra, For.
Bur, 16564 Darling: Province of Benguet, Elmer 8977: Province of Pangasinan,
Alberto 48: Province of Rizal, For. Bur. 2901 Ahern’s collector: Province of
Bataan, For. Bur, 2542 Borden; Province of Camarines, For. Bur. 12256 Curran.
PoritLo, Bur, Sci. 9247, 9269 Robinson. Minporo, For. Bur. 11423 Merritt.
PALAWAN, For. Bur, 4500 Curran. Leyte, For. Bur. 12450 Danao. MINDANAO,
Mrs. Clemens 365.

Native names: Gogo (in most Provinces in Luzon); barugo (Leyte); balugo
(Mindoro) ; lipai (Abra, Ilocos Sur & Norte, Union) ; bayogo, gogong-bacay, ex
Blanco.

Widely distributed in the tropics of the world, in the Philippines common,
especially at low altitudes, the stems extensively used as a substitute for soap.

The nomenclature of this genus and species is somewhat complicated, and in
accepting the above binomial I have followed general usage. As to the genus,
Entada was first published in 1763 but is not the earliest proposed name. O.
Kuntze * has adopted the generic name Pusaetha Linn. Fl. Zeyl. (1747) 236, in
which he has been followed by Taubert, but this name as a genus apparently

™ Adans. Fam. 2 (1763) 318.
* Rev. Gen. Pl. (1891) 204.
* Engl. & Prantl Nat. Pflanzenfam. 3* (1894) 122.

ENUMERATION OF PHILIPPINE LEGUMINOSAE. i 4

has no standing according to any generally accepted rules, as it was not adopted by
Linnaeus in his later works, and can hence be ignored. Gigalobium™ is another
synonym, but as to the validity of the publication of this as a generic name, I am
unable to determine, as the work in question is not available here. Recently W. F.
Wight * has taken up the binomial “Lens phaseoloides Stickman Herb. Amb. 1754;
Amoen. Acad. 4: 128, 1759,” which may be the earliest valid generic name, but
which is apparently not the earliest specific designation; the generic name has
moreover been generally adopted by later authors for an entirely different genus
in the same family, and it is not reasonable to Suppose than many botanists will
willingly follow Wight’s lead in adopting the generic name Lens in place of
Entada, which will necessitate a new generic designation for the genus Lens Gren.
& Godr., which in turn, according to “Index Kewensis,’’ was based on the
much earlier Lens (Tourn.) Linn. Syst. ed. 1 (1735). The case is not covered by
the list of nomina conservanda of the Vienna Botanical Congress.

As to the specific name, the earliest valid one is apparently Mimosa entada
Linn. Sp. PI. (1753) 518, based on FI, Zeyl. 219, and Entada Rheede Hort. Malabar.
9: 151, t. 67 (later authors, Trimen, Baker, ete., cite the plate as t. 77). Accord-
ing to Trimen” both references are Entada scandens. Bentham” has, however,
referred Mimosa entada Linn. to Entada polystachya DC., an American species,
after examining the specimen in the Linnean Herbarium. The specimen is, how-
ever, not the type of the species, and accordingly has no bearing on the case.

2. Entada parvifolia Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sei. 3 (1908) Bot. 229.

Luzon, Province of Zambales, Hallier s. n., Bur. Sci. 4810, 5067 Ramos: Prov-
ince of Bataan, For. Bur. 20028 Topacio.

Native name: Hinagui.

Used as a substitute for soap.

Endemic.

13. PARKIA R. Br.

1. Parkia timoriana (DC.) comb. nov.

Inga timoriana DC, Prodr. 2 (1825) 442.

Mimosa biglobosa Roxb. Fl. Ind. 2 (1832) 551, non Jacq.

Parkia roxrburghit G. Don Gen. Syst. 2 (1832) 397; Benth. in Trans, Linn.
Soc. 30 (1875) 360; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1878) 289; Prain ex
King in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 667 (1897) 239; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 74;
Vid. Sinopsis Atlas (1883) t. 44, fig. D, Rev. Pl. Vase. Filip. (1886) 119; Perk.
Frag. Fl. Philip. (1904) 7; Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 1 (1906) Suppl. 62.

Acacia niopo Llanos Mem. Acad. Ciene. Madrid 4 (1858) 508, non HBK.

Mimosa peregrina Blanco FI. Filip, (1837) 737, ed. 2 (1845) 509, ed. 3,.3:
139, non Linn.

Luzon, without locality, Loher 2182: Province of Zambales, For. Bur. 5986
Curran: Province of Bataan, For. Bur. 89, 323 Barnes, Decades Philip. Forest
Fl. no. 79 Barnes, Merrill 1530, 5142, Elmer 6888, For. Bur. 1290, 1320,
1518, 1549, 1614, 1626, 2132 Borden, Bur. Sct. 1569 Foxworthy, For. Bur. 5275
Curran: Manila, Ahern 702: Province of Tayabas, For. Bur. 17 Ware. PALAWAN,
For. Bur. 5183 Manalo.

Widely distributed in the Philippines at low altitudes, indigenous, never
cultivated ; quite universally known as cupang. Timor (typical form) ; cultivated

7P. Br. Hist. Jamaic. (1756) 362.
* Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 9 (1905) 307, 308, pl. LVI.
Fl. Ceylon 2 (1894) 119.
* Trans: Linn. Soc. 30 (1875) 364.
93664——3

34 , MERRILL.

in Java, and, according to Prain, in Indo-China, wild in Silhet, Cachar, and
Chittagong.

Inga ‘timoriana DC. was reduced by Bentham to Parkia roxburghii G, Don,
and following the principles of priority, the earliest specific name must be
adopted. In order to be sure of the identity of the Philippine plant with
DeCandolle’s species, material comprising flowers, fruits, and leaves of the
Philippine plant, as well as fragments of two species cultivated in the Botanic
Garden at Buitenzorg, labeled Parkia intermedia Hassk., and P. rowburghit
G. Don, was sent to M. C. DeCandolle for comparison with the type of Inga
timoriana DC. I am indebted to him for the following statement: “I have
entrusted to M. Buser the comparisons you desired to be made of three specimens
of Parkia with Inga timoriana DC, and Parkia Roxburghii Don, and of the latter
with what we have here under P. intermedia Hassk., in view of ascertaining if
they are distinct species. M. Buser has submitted to me his following conclusions
in which I entirely concur.

“Taking for the type of Parkia intermedia Hassk. the plant distributed under
this name by Zollinger (n. 3586) there exists a complete identity with intermedia
for the plant “ex Hort. Bot. Bogor. cult.” under the name of P. Roxburghii, but
not for the plant labeled, ibidem, P. intermedia Hassk.

«<P. intermedia Hassk. (=Zollinger n. 3586, n. 736) and P. Rorburghti G. Don
(Wall. Cat. 5288) are certainly two distinct species (see leaflets and floral
characters) .

“ ‘Inga ? timoriana DC. is the same plant as Barnes 323=P. intermedia Hort.
Bogor. cult., and quite different from true P. intermedia Hassk. In a broad
sense it may be identified with P. Rowburghii Don, as done by Bentham; in a
more restricted specific conception it may be regarded as a species of secondary
order.

“ ‘Roxburghii: rhachide rotundato-angulata, foliolis utrinque glaberri-
mis, margine adpresse ciliatis, subconcoloribus, costa tenui, nervis secun-
dariis inconspicuis, rhachilla tenuiore. -Corollae segmentis extus hirsutis.

“*Timoriana: rhachide quadrangulari, foliolis utrinque, supra prae-
sertim, plus minus pilosis, subtus pallidioribus, costa latiuscula, nervis
secundariis supra subreticulate-prominulis, rhachilla latiore; corollae seg-
mentis (Barnes 89) glaberrimis.’”

The specimens sent for comparison were For. Bur. 323 Barnes (leaves and
fruits), with flowers of For. Bur. 89 Barnes from the same locality (Lamao
River, Province of Bataan, Luzon), and two specimens from trees cultivated in
the Botanie Garden at Buitenzorg, Java, one labeled “Cult. in Hort. Bog. I, B, 51,
Parkia. intermedia Hassk..” which is not Hasskarl’s species, but is Parkia
timoriana, and the other labeled “I, B, 4=48=50, Parkia Rowxburghii Don,”
which is not Don’s species but is P. intermedia Hassk. Prain* who has worked
over the species of Parkia occurring in the Malay Peninsula, also expresses the
opinion that P. rowburghii Don, and P. intermedia Hassk., are distinct. Com-
parative studies with a full series of specimens of typical P. rorburghiit G. Don,
and P. timoriana may show the distinguishing characters indicated above to
be constant, and the two species worthy of specific rank, a point that is left
for some future monographer to decide.

*t Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 66° (1897) 240.

Pa Se OR es tO aN FL a a meee Le by

ENUMERATION OF PHILIPPINE LEGUMINOSAE. 35

14. ERYTHROPHLOEUM Ajfzel.

1, Erythrophloeum.densiflorum (Elm.) Merr. in Philip, Journ. Sci. 4 (1909)
Bot. 267.

Cynometra densiflora Elmer Leafl. Philip. Bot. 1 (1907) 222.

Luzon, Province of Cagayan, For. Bur, 17198 Curran: Province of Tayabas,
Elmer 9014 (type number), For. Bur. 10154, 10215, 10272 Curran, For. Bur.
11513 Whitford, For. Bur, 12507 Rosenblunth. MINDANAO, District of coat se atop
For. Bur. 9163 Whitford & Hutchinson (probably, specimen sterile) .

Native names: Camatog, calamantao, tacloban (Tayabas) ; salsal (Cagayan).

Endemic. Widely distributed in the Philippines at low and medium altitudes.

The generic distribution is peculiar, about five species being found in tropical
Africa and Madagascar, one in Australia, one in the Philippines, and one in
southern China.

Since the above transfer to Hrythrophloeum was published, I have received
a note from the Director of the Royal Gardens, Kew, verifying its correctness.

15. CYNOMETRA Linn.

Flowers on the stem and thick branches in racemes with a produced axis;
pedicels glabrous; leaflets l-jugate -.............---eeeeeee- packchesanel 1. C. cauliflora
Flowers in the leaf-axils on the branchlets, in racemes or corymbs without a
produced axis; pedicels puberulous.
Leaves pinnate, the leaflets 1-2-jugate.
Leaflets 2-jugate, the lower pair usually very much smaller than the up-

per.
Leaflets usually blunt-acuminate, the acumen broad and retuse at the
apex; pods not or but slightly rugose ............000000.0.... 2. C. inaequifolia
Leaflets usually acuminate, sometimes rounded, but scarcely retuse at the
RPGR s DOGS TUMORS 5:0. es wg emg mnaceiemires teen onan 3. C. bijuga
Leaflets 1-jugate.
Weatlets 0 to.1 4 cm LOn ge rae cre erste nies eR oo aoe ge 4. 0. ramiflora
Leaflets 1 to 6 em long ..........: APES Ane Be RE Se er 5. O. warburgu

Leaves reduced to single leaflets.
Leaflets up to 12 em long, the apex sharply acuminate, the base’ broad,

TOUNGEM, “SUDCOTAALE 2. cierto teeter cabs pa ec desce ra tedcee se senslce 6. C. luzoniensis
Leaflets usually less than 10 cm in length, the apex broadly and bluntly
acuminate, the base narrowed, acute -...............---2-........- 7. CO. simplicifolia

1. Cynometra cauliflora Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 382; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit.
Ind. 2 (1878) 268; Prain ex King in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 66° (1897) 197;
F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 71; Vidal Sinopsis Atlas (1883) t. 43, fig. H; Naves in
Blanco Fl. Filip. ed. 3, pl. 213.

Cynometra acutiflora Vid. Rev. Pl. Vase. Filip. (1886) 118, sphalm. ;

Luzon, Manila, Vidal 1278, Loher 2205, in Herb. Kew., from a specimen
cultivated in the old Botanical Garden.

This species has properly no place in the Philippine flora, except as a
cultivated plant, or one that was cultivated, as the tree from which Vidal
and Loher collected their material is no longer in existence. Loher’s specimen
is labeled as having been collected in the Botanical Garden, but Vidal’s specimen
bears only the label ‘“Luzon;” in his “Revision,” however, he adds Manila, and
tracing the matter back further, we find that his drawing in the “Sinopsis Atlas,”
was from this Botanical Garden specimen. F.-Villar’s referenee is undoubtedly to
this same tree.

oe MERRILL.

Malaya; cultivated occasionally in India and the Malay Peninsula, fide Prain.
Koorders™ says that in Java it is cultivated for its edible fruit, and thinks it
probably a native of India.

2. Cynometra inaequifolia A. Gray Bot. Wilkes U. 8. Explor. Exped. (1854)
473; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 71; Vid. Phan. Cuming. Philip. (1885) 110, Rev.
Pl. Vase. Filip. (1886) 118; Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 1 (1906) Suppl. 638, 3
(1908) Bot. 82. ;

Schotia speciosa Blanco FI. Filip. (1837) 356, ed. 2 (1845) 251, ed. 3, 2: 100,
non Jacq.

Luzon, Province of Cagayan, Cuming 1297 in Herb. Kew.: Province of Zam-
bales, For. Bur. 11038 Zschokke: Province of Laguna, Wilkes Hapedition in U. 8.
Nat. Herb. (type), For. Bur. 10053 Curran: Province of Batangas, For. Bur.
7629 Curran & Merritt: Province of Bataan, Whitford s. n.: Province of Rizal,
Merrill 1861, 2674, For. Bur. 2883 Ahern’s collector, Bur. Sci. 3336 Ramos.

Native names: Dila-dila, cabilian (Rizal) ; palanapoy (Zambales) ; balitbitan,
ex Blanco.

Endemic ?

This species has been reported from the Malay Peninsula by Baker * and
Prain,™ but from the extended description given by the latter it seems to me
that the form from the Malay Peninsula is distinct from that of Luzon, that is,
true Cynometra inaequifolia A. Gray. The species is very closely allied to C.
bijuga Spanoghe, and seems to be distinguishable only by comparatively trivial
characters, larger, rather more coriaceous leaves which are somewhat pale beneath,
their apices obscurely broad-acuminate and somewhat retuse, the veins and
reticulations prominent, not obscure as stated by Prain for this species, and its
nearly smooth or only slightly rugose pods.

3. Cynometra bijuga Spanoghe in Linnaea 15 (1841) 201, nomen; Mig. FI.
Ind. Bat. 1* (1855) 78; Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1904) 7.

Cynometra ramiflora subsp. bijuga Prain ex King in Journ. As, Soc, Beng. 66 ?
(1897) 198.

Luzon, Province of Zambales, Hallier s.n. Leyrr, For, Bur. 12727 Rosenbluth.
PALAWAN, For. Bur. 3785 Curran.

Var. mimosoides (Wall.).

Cynometra mimosoides Wall. Cat. (1832) No. 5817.

Cynometra ramiflora var. mimosoides Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1878)
267; Prain 1. c.

Panay, Cuming 1652. Minpanao, For. Bur. 11555 Whitford, leaves only.

What I take to be typical Cynometra bijuga Spanoghe (C. ramiflora var. hete-
rophylla Thwaites) extends, according to Prain, from Ceylon to the Andaman
Islands, Johore, Perak, Singapore, Sumatra, Java, Borneo, and Timor. As to
the specific name, Prain suggests that Cynometra mimosoides Wall. should be
taken up according to strict priority, but like the original publication of C.
bijuga, C. mimosoides was a nomen nudum, OC. bijuga Spanoghe was, however,
described in 1855, but I have found no record of a printed description of C.
mimosoides Wall. before the year 1878, and then only as a variety of C. ramiflora.
The var. mimosoides extends from Ceylon to India and the Andaman Islands.

2 Meded. ‘s Lands Plantent. 11 (1894) 271.
73 Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1878) 267.
*« Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 66? (1897) 199.

ENUMERATION OF PHILIPPINE LEGUMINOSAE. aT

4. Cynometra ramiflora Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 382, excl. syn. Rheede Hort.
Malabar. 4: 65, t. 31; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1878) 267; F.-Vill.
Nov. App. (1880) 71; Prain ex King in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 66° (1897) 197,
var. genuina.

Luzon, Province of Cagayan, For. Bur. 16967 Curran: Province of Bulacan,
For. Bur, 7214 Curran: Province of Tayabas (Infanta), Whitford 847.

Native name: Comon (Cagayan).

Ceylon to Java, Ceram, Amboina, and (7?) northern Australia.

From an examination of the available Philippine and the scanty extra-Phil-
ippine material available here, I am inclined to consider this form specifically
distinct from C. bijuga Spanoghe, its leaves apparently always being 1-jugate,
while in the latter species they are 2-jugate. The specimens cited above are a
very close match for t. 63 of Rumphius’s “Herbarium Amboinense,” the first
figure cited by Linnaeus in establishing the species. The typical and allied
forms have been fully discussed by Prain, l. c.

5. Cynometra warburgii Harms in Notizbl. Kgl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 3 (1902)
187.

Luzon, Province of Cagayan, Warburg 12427, 12086 in Herb. Berol.

Endemic.

Characterized by its 1-jugate, comparatively small leaflets.

6. Cynometra luzoniensis Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 4 (1909) Bot. 266,

Luzon, Province of Tayabas, Merrill 2128.

Characterized by its simple leaves, the solitary leaflet sharply acuminate at
the apex, the base broad, rounded and subcordate.

Endemic.

7. Cynometra simplicifolia Harms in Notizbl. Kgl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 3 (1902)
186; Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 1 (1908) Suppl. 63.

Luzon, Province of Ilocos Sur, Cuming 1134 (type number): Povince of Nueva
Ecija, For, Bur. 6035 Zschokke: Province of Bataan, For. Bur. 1737 Borden,
Whitford s. n., For. Bur. 6390 Curran: Province of Batangas, For. Bur. 7628
Curran & Merritt: Province of Tayabas, For. Bur. 10351 Curran. MINporo, Bur.
Sci. 1537 Bermejos, For. Bur. 9908 Merritt. MinNpANAo, District of Davao, For.
Bur. 11549 Whitford. Bastvan, Hallier s. n.

Native names: Malatumbaga (Nueva Ecija); macanit (Tayabas); lanis (Da-
vao); betis (Batangas).

Endemic.

Var. oblongata var. nov.

Differt a typo foliis longioribus, oblongo-lanceolatis ad oblongo-ellip-
ticis, sensim acuminatis, usque ad 14 em longis.

The leaves are subcoriaceous, not pale beneath as is usually the case
with C. simplicifolia, shining on both surfaces, gradually narrowed above
to the apex, not blunt-acuminate, the base acute. The fruits are about
3 cm long and 2.2 cm wide, compressed, wrinkled when dry. Flowers
unknown.

Luzon, Province of Rizal, For. Bur. 2978 Ahern’s collector, Bur. Sci. 3349,
5216 Ramos. Locally known as dila-dila.

The specimens are all in fruit, and it seems probable that when flowers are
collected that it will be found to be specifically distinct from C. simplicifolia
Harms.

—- ss ee eee ee ee lee!

i a ee ee ee ee

— a a Ure ee

38 MERRILL.

16. KINGIODENDRON Harms.

1. Kingiodendron alternifolium (Elmer) Merr. & Rolfe in Philip. Journ.
Sci. 4 (1909) Bot. 267.

Cynometra alternifolia Elmer Leafl. Philip. Bot. 1 (1907) 223.

Hardwickia altermfolia Elmer 1. c. 362.

Luzon, Province of Cagayan, For. Bur. 14722 Darling: Province of Tayabas,
For. Bur. 10827, 10854 Curran, Bath s. n.: Province of Camarines, For. Bur.
10671 Curran: Province of Sorsogon, For. Bur. 10624 Curran: Province of Albay,
For. Bur. 15082 Rosenbluth. Massate, Merrill 2761, Whitford 1679, For. Bur.
12668 Rosenbluth. Ticao, For. Bur. 12546 Rosenbluth, For. Bur. 1084 Clark.
SaMAR, For. Bur. 12851 Rosenbluth. Panay, Vidal 2468 in Herb. Kew. Leyte,
For. Bur. 12711 Rosenbluth, Elmer 7366 (type number). MINDANAO, District of
Zamboanga, For, Bur. 9007, 93801 Whitford & Hutchinson, For. Bur. 11086
Whitford, For. Bur. 6567 Hutchinson; District of Davao, Samal Island, For. Bur.
11550 Whitford.

Native names: Batete (Ticao, Masbate) ; dangay (Tayabas, Camarines, Albay,
Masbate) ; magbalogo (Samar); salalangin (Sorsogon); duca (Leyte); palina
(Davao) ; palo maria, bitanhol (Zamboanga).

A genus of two known species, one in British India, and one in the Philippines.

Endemic.

17. SINDORA Mig.

1. Sindora supa Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 1 (1906) Suppl. 198.

Sindora wallichii F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 71; Vid. Sinopsis Atlas (1883)
t. 43, fig. OC, Rev. Pl. Vase. Filip. (1886) 118, non Benth.

Luzon, Province of Tayabas, For. Bur. 23 Ware, Whitford 910, For. Bur, 859,
860 Bath, Merrill 1010, 2021, 2596, 2611, For. Bur. 7098 Kobbe, For. Bur. 10282,
10240, 10382 Curran; Province of Camarines, For. Bur. 4533 Barredo, For. Bur.
10653 Curran: Province of Albay, For. Bur. 6678 Pray, For. Bur, 10592 Curran.
MINpDoRO, For. Bur. 9863 Merritt.

Almost universally known as supa, less commonly, and more especially the oil,
as manapo; in Albay also known as pauna.

Endemic.

Very closely allied to Sindora wallichii Benth. of the Malay Peninsula.

As to the generic name, the question has been fully discussed by Prain,® who
calls attention to the fact that the earliest figure and description of any species
in the genus is Caju Galedupa of Rumph. Herb. Amboinense 2: 59, t. 13, on
which, with Pongam of Rheede Hort. Malabar. 6: t. 3, Lamarck in 1786 based his
genus Galedupa. The first citation given by Lamarck is to Rumphius’s plate,
from which also the generic name was taken. Technically, according to strict —
priority, the generic name for the species now placed under Sindora should be
Galedupa, as Rumphius’s figure is apparently a Sindora, and by no means the
same as Pongam of Rheede. To complicate the matter, however, Lamarck’s
description both of the genus Galedupa, and the species @. indica, applies to
Pongam of Rheede, as noted by Prain, and not at all to Caju Galedupa of Rum-
phius. In consideration of this fact I am of the opinion that G@aledupa Lam.,
should be referred to Pongamia Vent., and that Sindora should be retained for the
present genus. The case is not directly covered by the list of nomina conservanda
of the Vienna Botanical Congress.

* Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 667 (1897) 202, 479.
g

ENUMERATION OF PHILIPPINE LEGUMINOSAE. 39
18. CRUDIA Schreb.

Leaflets 5 to 9, 4 to 8 or 9 cm OMG... ne. eeeeeeeeeeeeeee cette neee eee netnettecees 1. GC. blancei
Leaflets 1 or 2, 11 to 13 em long.........-..------2---------2eceereeeeeeteeee 2. OC. subsimplicifolia

1. Crudia blancoi Rolfe in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 21 (1884) 309; Vid. Phan.
Cuming. Philip. (1886) 118.

Crudia spicata Blanco FI. Filip. ed. 2 (1845) 261, ed. 3, 2: 121; Naves 1: c¢.
ed. 3, pl. 244; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 71; Vid. Sinopsis Atlas (1883) ¢. 43,
fig. B, non Willd.

Apalatoa blancoi Merr. in Govt. Lab. Publ. (Philip.) 35 (1906) 19.

Luzon, Province of Pangasinan, Merrill s. n.: Province of Laguna, For. Bur.
10082 Curran: Province of Rizal, For. Bur. 2661, 2956, 3074, 3136 Ahern’s col-
lector, Bur. Sci. 2142, 3559 Ramos, Merrill 2658: Province of Camarines, /or.
Bur. 10775 Curran: Province of Bulacan, Mrs. Templeton.

Native name: Malatumbaga (Rizal, Laguna) ; calatumbaga (Bulacan).

Endemic.

Blanco’s description is imperfect, and in some respects erroneous, probably
due to a mixture of material, as suggested by F.-Villar.

2. Crudia subsimplicifolia sp. nov.

Arbor glabra, usque ad 10 m alta; foliis alternis, uni- vel bifoliolatis,
foliolis oblongis vel elliptico-oblongis, subcoriaceis, usque ad 13 cm longis,
basi acutis, apice admodum abrupte acute acuminatis ; racemis axillaribus,
solitariis vel binis, quam folia brevioribus.

A glabrous tree about 10 m high. Branches terete, light-grayish-
brown. Leaves alternate, pinnate, sometimes with one leaflet, sometimes
with two, but the leaflets when two never opposite. Petiole and rachis
rather stout, about 1 cm long. Leaflets oblong or elliptic-oblong, sub-
coriaceous, slightly shining when dry and paler beneath than on the
upper surface, the base acute, the apex rather abruptly and sharply
acuminate, the acumen 1 to 1.5 cm long; nerves 7 or 8 on each side of
the midrib, anastomosing, the reticulations distinct; petiolules stout,
about 3 mm long. Racemes axillary, solitary or in pairs, 6 cm long or
less (young), glabrous, or with very few short hairs; pedicels short,
about 1 mm long, each subtended by a small, slightly ciliate-hairy
bracteole. Sepals 4, in bud 2 to 2.5 mm long. Stamens 10. Ovary
densely hairy.

Luzon, Province of Cagayan, San Vicente, For. Bur. 4287 Klemme, June,
1906, a specimen with immature flowers, altitude about 10 m. Locally known
to the Negritos as Tambali.

A species manifestly closely allied to Crudia bantamensis (Hassk.) (T'ouchiroa
bantamensis Hassk.; Pryona bantamensis Miq.), differing in its sharply acuminate,
smaller leaflets, and glabrous or nearly glabrous racemes which are shorter than
the leaves.

The oldest names for the genus are Apalatoa Aubl. and Touchiroa Aubl., but
Crudia is here retained, following the list of nomina conservanda of the Vienna
Botanical Congress. Prain notes that Apalatoa was based on a mixture of flowers
of this genus and fruits of Pterocarpus.

oa

| =

40 MERRILL.
19. TAMARINDUS Linn.

1. Tamarindus indica Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 34; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit.
Ind. 2 (1878) 273; Blanco Fl. Filip. (1837) 29, ed. 2 (1845) 20, ed. 3, 1: 39,
Naves 1. ¢. ed. 3, pl. 14; Vid. Sinopsis Atlas, t. 43, fig. D.

Widely distributed in the Philippines, especially in and about towns, apparently
not indigenous in the Philippines, but introduced in prehistoric times. Probably
a native of tropical Africa; planted throughout the tropics.

Native names: Tagalog sampaloc; Ilocano salomague, salumagul; Bicol sam-
bac; Visayan sambagui, sambag, sambalagui. The Tamarind.

20. INTSIA Thouars.

Leaflets 4-jugate, sometimes 3-jugate, distinetly but shortly acuminate, mostly
less than 8 cm long, rather firmly coriaceous........................---. 1. I, acuminata
Leaflets usually 2-jugate, sometimes 3-jugate, apex broad, rounded and _ retuse,
or broadly acuminate, up to 14 em in length, often much smaller, subcoria-
nr UN ck 0s das danev'onctr tj oelueshinynxnduesohor ge eee 2. I. bijuga

1. Intsia acuminata Merr. in Govt. Lab, Publ. (Philip.) 17 (1904) 20.

Luzon, Province of Cagayan, For. Bur. 7063, 11318 Klemme: Province of
Tayabas, Merrill 1108 (Infanta), 2584, 2594, For. Bur. 1413 Klemme.

Native names: Balahian (Cagayan) ; tindalo, ipil (Tayabas).

Manifestly closely allied to the next, and like it a seacoast plant, but usually
distinguishable by its more numerous, smaller, and thicker leaflets.

Endemic.

2. Intsia bijuga (Colebr.) O. Kuntze Rev. Gen. Pl. (1891) 192; Prain in Sei.
Mem. Med. Off. Ind. Army 12 (1901) 12; Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sei. 1 (1906)
Suppl. 63, 3 (1908) Bot. 409.

_Macrolobium bijugum Colebr. Trans. Linn. Soc. 12 (1817) 359, t. 17.

Afzelia bijuga A. Gray Bot. Wilkes U. 8. Explor. Exped. (1854) 467, t. 51;
Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1878) 274; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 72;
Vid. Sinopsis‘ Atlas (1883) ¢t. 42, fig. B; Prain ex King in Journ. As. Soe. Beng.
66* (1897) 208.

Eperua decandra Blanco FI. Filip. (1837) 368, ed. 2 (1845) 259, ed. 3, 2: 118.

BABUYANES ISLANDS, Camiguin, Bur. Sci. 4036 Fénix. Luzon, Province of
Cagayan, For. Bur, 17267 Curran: Province of Zambales, Merrill 1750: Province
of Bataan, Whitford 1318, For. Bur. 5953 Curran: Province of Tayabas, Merrill
1054, 1986, For. Bur, 840 Hagger, For. Bur. 10205, 10347 Curran; Province of
Camarines, For. Bur. 10663, 10684 Curran:- Province of Sorsogon, For. Bur.
10595 Curran. Muinporo, For. Bur. 5373, 8537, 9877 Merritt, Merrill 2184, 2250.
PALAWAN, For. Bur, 3496, 4522, 5181 Curran, Bur. Sci. 801 Foxworthy. Mas-
BATE, For. Bur. 12821, 12593, 12598 Rosenbluth. Ticao, For. Bur. 12527 Rosen-
bluth, For. Bur. 1078 Clark. Panay, Copeland s. n. LeytE, For. Bur. 7133
Everett, For. Bur. 12634 Rosenbluth. Gutmaras, For. Bur. 215 Gammill. NeE-
Gros, For, Bur. 7306, 5605, 5622 Everett, For. Bur. 12414, 15037 Danao. Dinagat,
For. Bur. 15054 Sample. MINDANAO, For. Bur. 3954, 9497, 9522, 12370 Hut-
chinson. BASILAN, For. Bur. 6093 Hutchinson.

Widely distributed along the seacoast throughout the Philippines; a very
important timber tree, universally known as ipil. Madagascar, Seychelles, An-
daman and Nicobar Islands, throughout Malaya to New Guinea, the Fiji and
Caroline Islands.

For a complete synonymy of Intsia bijuga, and discussion of the allied genera,

ENUMERATION OF PHILIPPINE LEGUMINOSAE. 4]

see Prain’s valuable paper “On the Characters and Relationships of Afzelia
(Smith), Scientific Memoirs by Medical Officers of the Indian Army 12 (1901)
1-17, plate.
EXCLUDED SPECIES.
AFZELIA PALEMBANCIA (Miq.) Baker; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 72.
A Malayan species, not known from the Philippines. Probably an erroneous
identification for some form of Jntsia bijuga, or J. acuminata.

21. PAHUDIA Miq.

1. Pahudia rhomboidea (Blanco) Prain in Sci. Mem. Med. Off. Ind. Army 12
(1901) 14; Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 1 (1906) Suppl. 63.

Eperua falcata Blanco FI). Filip. (1837) 869, non Aubl.

Eperua rhomboidea Blanco |. c. ed. 2 (1845) 260, ed. 3, 2: 119; Naves 1. ce. ed.
3, pl. 281. /

Afzelia rhomboidea Vid. Cat. Pl. Prov. Manila (1880) 28, Phan. Cuming.
Philip. (1885) 110, Sinopsis Atlas (1883) t. 42, fig. A, Rev. Pl. Vase. Filip.
(1886) 117; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 72.

Luzon, Province of Cagayan, For. Bur. 16926, 17276, 17043, 17297 Curran,
For, Bur, 18511, 18515 Alvarez: Provinee of Isabela, For. Bur. 6639, 6642
Klemme; Province of Zambales, For. Bur. 5898 Curran: Province of Pangasinan,
For, Bur. 8386 Curran & Merritt: Province of Rizal, For. Bur. 3263 Ahern’s col-
lector, Decades Philip. Forest Fl. no. 211 Ahern’s collector, Merrill 2651: Province
of Bataan, For. Bur, 2046, 2570 Borden, For. Bur, 2591 Meyer, For. Bur. 5450
Curran: Province of Tayabas, For. Bur. 10315 Curran, Merrill 2001, For. Bur.
18 Ware; Province of Camarines, Ahern 146, For. Bur. 10661 Curran: Province
of Sorsogon, For. Bur. 6686 Pray, For. Bur. 15079 Rosenbluth, For. Bur. 5161
Bridges. Po.itto, Bur. Sci. 6982 Robinson. Mtnvoro, For. Bur. 6735, 6739
Merritt, For. Bur, 12241 Rosenbluth. Marinpnuqur, For. Bur. 12164, 12185
Rosenbluth. CuLion, Ahern 704. Ticao, For. Bur. 1089 Clark. Maspate, Mer-
rill 3077, For. Bur. 12575, 12609, 12663 Rosenbluth. Leyte, For. Bur. 12788
Rosenbluth. Crsu, For. Bur, 6453 Everett. MINDANAO, District of Zamboanga,
For, Bur, 9427, 9483 Whitford & Hutehinson; Province of Surigao, For, Bur.
7557 Hutchinson,

Widely known in the Philippines as tindalo, balayong, or balarong ; other local
names are, in Cagayan, ipil (erroneously), balayao, magahao; in Isabela, maga-
layao; in Camarines, sangay; in Surigao, bayung, bayadgung.

A widely distributed endemic species and a timber tree of great importance.
Mature pods are sometimes 20 em long and 10 em wide. It varies greatly in the
size of the leaflets, one specimen having them about 12 em long (For. Bur, 12788
Rosenbluth), but the specimen was taken from a sprout, which accounts for the
abnormal size. The average size of normal leaflets is about one-half the above.
Puhudia javanica Miq., is apparently closely allied.

The synonymy and relationship of Pahudia, Intsia, and Sindora is very fully
discussed by Prain in his paper entitled “On the Characters and Relationships
of Afzelia (Smith). In this paper he shows that Afzelia Sm. (1798) is con-
generic with Pahudia Miq. (1855), and has adopted the latter name for the
genus. I have followed Prain, for I consider Afzelia Sm. (1798) to be invalidated
by Afzelia J. F. Gmel. (1791), the latter being the oldest valid generic name
for Seymeria Pursh (Scrophulariaceae), in spite of the fact that Pursh’s name
is included in the list of nomina conservanda of the Vienna Botanical Congress.

* Sci, Mem. Med. Off. Ind. Army 12 (1901) 1-17, plate.

eo ee ee ee ee es ee ew ge

4? MERRILL.

22. BAUHINIA Linn.
Fertile stamens 10.

Leaves more or less cleft, or at least retuse, or of two entirely distinct leaflets.
Leaflets entirely distinct; an erect or subscandent shrub.............. 1. B. binata
Leaflets connate; erect trees or shrubs.

Flowers small, in many-flowered racemes; calyx with a short tube and a
spathaceous, 5-cleft limb; leaves broader than long, glaucous beneath,
only slightly cleft § PILIOSTIGMA....................c:c:cseseeeeneeee 2. B. malabarica

Flowers large, showy; leaves deeply cleft, not glaucous beneath, longer
than broad § PAULETIA.

Lobes of the leaves rounded; flowers solitary or in axillary pairs; pods

puberulous, not ribbed along the upper suture........ 3. B. tomentosa

Lobes of the leaves acute; flowers pure white, racemose; pods glabrous,

ribbed along each side of the upper suture............... 4. B. acuminata

Leaves entire, acuminate, not at all cleft or divided; pod large, dehiscent, with

about two large seeds... wlistucinvahbudliviu fons os0eadbitist SARS Hied 5. B. dolichocalya
Fertile stamens 3; scandent shrubs § PHANERA.

SGV OM OTIULT CCUG ooo ee Cocos esas noche ii cdeectcctacecctnnntsanepabinn oop 6. B. leptopus

Leaves cleft.
All parts of the flower glabrous except the ovary and style.... 7. B. subglabra
Calyx-tubes and lobes pubescent.
Calyx-limb in bud elliptic or ovate, about 5 mm long; tube very slender,

short.
Lobes of the leaves strongly divaricate, strongly acuminate, the leaves
about 15 em long sane evtiraatnghtesons cesjecsiaiagianeaeeaanll 8. B. whitfordit

Lobes of the leaves somewhat obtusely acuminate, overlapping, the
lower surface with scattered, appressed, short hairs, ultimately gla-
DRO OT TROLS BO 6.2 ossenn vss cossvecessssnccerennciistinnggapinatiens 9. B. cumingiana
Lobes of the leaves rounded, the lower surface densely and softly pubes-
cent, at least on the nerves, with rather long, reddish-brown hairs.
10. B. nymphaeifolia

Calyx-limb in bud oblong, 1 to 2 em long, the tube thickened.

. Petals 2.5 em long or less.

Leaves ample, wider than long, up to 16 cm in width, beneath softly
ferruginous-pubescent, especially on the nerves, with long, soft,

hairs; lobes broad, rounded; nerves 11...................- ll. B. perkinsae
Leaves longer than wide, not exceeding 8 cm in length, glabrous or
subglabrous.
Petals about 2.5 em long.
Tea Ves Oe Oe TIO) VOU>... ccaapelihieoves cos ncecnrns-esaeneneuch 12. B. aherniana
Leaves 18- to 16-nerved......c..ccsccrses..sosccesssegpeeoms ..... 13. B. antipolana

Petals 1.2 em long or less.

Lobes rounded; nerves 9; branches and inflorescence densely pu-
bescent with long ferruginous hairs; racemes dense, the pedi-
cels about 1 em long : 14. B. merrilliana

Lobes acute; nerves 9 to 11; branches and inflorescence pubescent

. with short appressed hairs; racemes lax; pedicels 2 em long.

15. B. pinchotiana

Petals 3.5 to 4 cm 1omg..............-..<-.---sceesneoveseoeeneonnsbagee 16. B. warburgiana

Fertile stamen one only § CASPARIA aschestpet tpt hcciete esp sewer siglo tiie 17. B. monandra

“Se ee, ae ee i ee, 4 Ge a ee rr a re

ew

ENUMERATION OF PHILIPPINE LEGUMINOSAE. 43

1. Bauhinia binata Blanco Fl. Filip. (1837) 331, ed. 2 (1845) 231, ed. 3, 2:
66 (err. typ. binnata).

Bauhinia pinnata Walp. in Linnaea 16 (1842) Litt.-ber, 53.

Phanera blancot Benth. Pl. Jungh. (1852) 264; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. 1* (1855) 70.

Bauhinia blancoi Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1878) 278; Hemsl. Bot.
Challenger Exped. 1* (1884) 146; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 72; Vid. Phan.
Cuming. Philip. (1885) 110, Rev. Pl. Vase. Filip. (1886) 117, Perk. Frag. Fl.
Philip. (1904) 8.

Luzon, Province of Tayabas, Merrill 1972. Minporo, Cuming 1518, in Herb.
Kew. PaLtawan, For. Bur. 3545 Curran. Nearos, For. Bur. 138705 Curran.
PANAyY, Copeland s. n. Stsutu (Sulu Archipelago), Merrill 5294.

Siam (fide Baker) ; Timor Laut (fide Hemsely).

I can see no valid reason for displacing Blanco’s specific name binata in favor
of blancoi although it was misspelled binnata; that it was a typographic error
for binata and not pinnata, is shown at once by the phrase immediately following
the name,’” Bauhinia de hojas hermanadas.” In placing the species in the key, I
have followed. Baker, who states that the plant has 10 stamens. None of the
specimens before me have flowers, and Blanco does not describe them. Suberect or
scandent, confined to the seashore. The only known Philipine species with entirely
free leaflets.

2. Bauhinia malabarica Roxb. Hort. Beng. (1814) 31, nomen, Fl. Ind. 2
(1832) 321; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1878) 277; F.-Vill. Nov. App.
(1880) 72.

Bauhinia acida Reinw. in Flora 31 (1848) 578.

Piliostigma acidum Benth. Pl. Jungh. (1852) 261; A. Gray Bot. Wilkes Explor.
Exped. (1854) 470; Naves in Blanco FI. Filip. ed. 3, pl. 118.

Bauhinia tomentosa Blanco Fl. Filip. (1837) 330, ed. 2 (1845) 230, ed. 3, 2:
65, non Linn.

Bauhinia purpurea Vid. Sinopsis Atlas (1883) ¢. 43, fig. A, non Linn.

Luzon, Province of Bontoc, For. Bur. 17026 Curran: Province of Ilocos Norte,
For. Bur. 13938 Merritt & Darling: Province of Tarlac, For. Bur. 5148 Curran,
Merrill 8618: Province of Pangasinan, Merrill s. n.: Province of Rizal, For. Bur.
1835 Ahern’s collector, Decades Philip. Forest Fl. no. 80 Ahern’s collector: Province
of Cavite, For. Bur. 7617 Rosenbluth: Province of Laguna, Wilkes Eapedition
in U. S. Nat. Herb., Elmer, Hallier s. n., For. Bur. 12709 Rosenbluth & Tamesis.

Most usually known by the name alibanban, signifying butterfly, from the shape
of the leaves, the name frequently also applied to other species of the genus; in
Laguna calibangbang. Other names given by Blanco are livas, balibanban, maru-
linao, diss, ahihiro, alambihor, and alibihal.

Widely distributed in the Philippines at low altitudes, a characteristic tree
of open grass lands; British India to Tenasserim; Java and Timor, but not
reported from the Malay Peninsula.

8. Bauhinia tomentosa Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 375; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit.
Ind. 2 (1878) 275; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 72.

Bauhinia binata Naves in Blanco FI. Filip. ed. 3, pl. 119, non Blanco.

Luzon, Manila, Cuzner 36, cultivated.

Certainly not a native of the Philippines; India to Ceylon and tropical Africa;
probably only cultivated in Malaya.

4. Bauhinia acuminata Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 375; Baker 1. ec. 276; F.-Vill.
Nov. App. (1880) 72; Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1904) 8; Merr. in Philip. Journ.
Sci. 2 (1907) Bot. 433; Naves in Blanco FI. Filip. ed. 3, pl. 111.

a

44 MERRILL.

Luzon, Manila, Verrill 4103: Province of Rizal, Bur. Sci. 1038 Ramos, Merrill
2689: Province of Tayabas, Whitford 855, For. Bur. 7474 Reyes. MARINDUQUR,
collector unknown.

India to Indo-China and southern China, the Malay Peninsula and Archipelago.

Bauhinia grandiflora Blanco Fl. Filip. (1837) 332, ed. 2 (1845) 231, ed. 3, 2:
67, non Juss., may or may not be referable here. The description applies better
than to any other Philippine species known to me, but there are some discrepancies.

5. Bauhinia dolichocalyx Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 3 (1908) Bot, 231.

Luzon, Province of Batangas, For. Bur. 7756 Curran & Merritt.

Native name: Malabanot.

Endemic.

This species was placed by me in the section Lysiphyllum, an error on my part,
as the entire leaves are quite incompatible with the section. It may be referable
to the section Pauletia.

6. Bauhinia leptopus Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1904) 10,

Bauhinia bidentata ¥.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 72; Vid. Phan. Cuming. Philip.
(1885) 110, Rev. Pl. Vase. Filip. (1886) 117, non Benth.

Phanera bidentata Benth. Pl. Jungh, (1852) 263, pro parte, quoad no. 1744
Cuming.

Bauhinia copelandii Merr,. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 3 (1908) Bot. 230.

Luzon, Province of Tayabas, Warburg 12824 in Herb. Berol. (type). Leryre,
Cuming 1744. Nearos, For. Bur. 19073 Curran. MIndANAO, Lake Lanao, Mrs.
Clemens 1059, s. n.: District of Davao, Copeland 1429,

Endemic.

This species is manifestly very closely allied to Bauhinia bidentata Jack of the
Malay Peninsula and Sumatra, but is readily distinguished by its much shorter
calyx-tube. It is also closely allied to B. pyrrhaneura Korth. of Sumatra. B.
copelandii does not appear to be distinct from B. leptopus Perk.

7. B. subglabra Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 3 (1908) Bot. 230.

PALAWAN, Bur. Sci. 821 Foxworthy.

Endemic.

8. Bauhinia whitfordii Elmer Leafl. Philip. Bot. 1 (1907) 229.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Elmer 8897, type number: Province of Zambales,
For. Bur. 6009 Curran.

Native name: Agpoi (Zambales).

Endemic.

9. Bauhinia cumingiana (Benth.) F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 73; Vidal Rev.
Pl. Vase. Filip. (1885) 110, Rev., Pl. Vase. Filip. (1886) 116; Perk. Frag. Fl.
Philip. (1904) 9; Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 1 (1906) Suppl. 63.

Phanera cumingiana Benth. Pl. Jungh. (1852) 263; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. 1°
(1855) 68.

Bauhinia scandens Blanco FI). Filip. (1837) 332, ed. 2 (1845) 232, ed. 3, 2:
68, non Linn.

Bauhinia vahlii ¥.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880). 72, non W. & A.

Phanera vahlii Naves in Blanco FI. Filip. ed. 3, pl. 76, non Benth.

Luzon, Province of Cagayan, For. Bur. 5256 Klemme, Bolster 193: Province of
Union, Elmer 5702: Province of Zambales, Hallier s. n.; Province of Pampanga,
For, Bur. 9614 Zschokke: Province of Rizal, Merrill 2712, Bur. Sci. 6762 Robinson,
Decades Philip. Forest Fl. no. 98 Ahern’s collector: Province of Bataan, For. Bur.
2721 Borden, For. Bur. 187 Barnes, For. Bur. 1442 Ahern’s collector, For. Bur.
1227, 7369 Curran, For. Bur, 12938 Alvarez, Williams 563: Province of Tayabas,
Bur. Sci, 9469 Robinson, For, Bur. 9647 Curran: Province of Camarines, Bur. Sci.

ENUMERATION OF PHILIPPINE LEGUMINOSAE. 45

6329 Robinson, For. Bur, 12280 Curran. Massate, For, Bur. 1712 Clark. PANay,
Copeland s. n. CrBu, Bur. Sci, 1714 McGregor. Neraros, For. Bur, 5234, 5624
Everett, For. Bur. 5232 Aspillera, MINbANAO, District of Zamboanga, For. Bur.
9016 Whitford & Hutchinson.

Native names: Banot (Rizal, Bataan) ; unpic (Cagayan) ; agqui (Pampanga) ;
agpoi (Bataan); impid (Camarines) ; calibambang, salibangbangan (Negros) ;
balagon (Zamboanga).

Endemic. The bast fiber of this vine is very strong, and is used by the
Negritos of Bataan Province for making bowstrings.

10. Bauhinia nymphaeifolia Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1904) 11.

Bauhinia fulva ¥.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 72, non Blume?

Luzon, Province of Ilocos Sur, Cuming 1180 (type) in Herb. Berol., 1/87 in
Herb. Kew. & Herb. Bur. Sci.

This species is exceedingly closely allied to Bauhinia fulva Blume, (Phanera
fulva Korth.) of Java, to which, indeed Bentham referred the above number (1181)
of Cuming’s Philippine plants.” It is doubtful if the two are specifically distinct,
but I have not sufficient material at hand for comparison to determine the point.

Endemic?

11. Bauhinia perkinsae Merr. in Govt. Lab. Publ. 17 (1904) 21.

Bauhinia ferruginea Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1904) 9, non Roxb.

PALAWAN, Merrill 731, For. Bur. 3552 Curran, Bur, Set, 822 Foxworthy. In
thickets at low altitudes.

The validity of this species is somewhat doubtful, although it is quite certain
that it is not the plant Roxburgh described as Bauhinia ferruginea. The original
description of B. ferruginea is very short, but Prain, who undoubtedly has correctly
interpreted Roxburgh’s species, gives a full deseription,* which does not apply to the
plants here referred to B. perkinsae. The type number of the latter, however,
agrees very closely with some of the specimens in the Kew Herbarium that are
named B. ferruginea Roxb.

Endemic.

12. Bauhinia aherniana Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1904) 8.

Minporo, Merrill 1237, For. Bur. 12007 Merritt, MeGregor 256. CrsBu, For.
Bur. 6445 Everett. MINDANAO, Lake Lanao, Mrs. Clemens 228, s. n.

Native names: Banot (Mindoro); banlut (Cebu).

Endemic.

13. Bauhinia antipolana Perk. l. ¢. 9.

Luzon, Province of Rizal, Merrill 1317, 1873, For. Bur. 1997 Ahern’s collector.

Native name: Banot.

Endemic.

14. Bauhinia merrilliana Perk. 1. ¢c. 10.

PALAWAN (Paragua), Merrill 694, For. Bur. 3554 Curran, Bur. Set. 192
Bermejos. a

In thickets at low altitudes; endemic.

15. Bauhinia pinchotiana Perk. l. ec. 12.

Bauhinia semibifida Vid. Sinopsis Atlas (1883) t. 43, fig. 7?; F.-Vill. Nov. App.
(1880) 73, non Roxb. ;

Phanera semibifida Benth. Pl. Jungh. (1852) 265, pro parte, quoad no. 1119
Cuming.

Luzon, Province of Ilocos Sur, Cuming 1119 (type number).

Endemic; allied to B. semibifida Roxb., but apparently distinct.

ir)

* Pl. Jungh. (1852) 263.
; ** Journ, As, Soc. Beng. 667 (1907) 184.

Be te iF

46 MERRILL.

16, Bauhinia warburgii Perk. 1. ¢. 12.

Luzon, Province of Tayabas, Warburg 12823 (type) in Herb. Berol.: Province
of Camarines, For. Bur. 11338 Curran.

Endemic.

17, Bauhinia monandra Kurz in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 42? (1873) 73, Forest
Fl. Brit. Burma 1 (1877) 395; Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 4 (1909) Bot. 265;
Prain in Journ. As, Soc. Beng. 66% (1897) 505.

Bauhinia richardiana Wall. in Voigt Hort. Suburb. Caleut. (1845) 255, non DC,

Bauhinia krugit Urban Ber. Deutsch. Bot. Ges. 3 (1885) 83.

Bauhima kappleri Sagot in Ann. Sci. Nat. VI 13 (1882) 317; Perk. Frag. FI.
Philip. (1904) 13.

Bauhinia subrotundifolia F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 72; Naves in Blanco FI.
Filip. ed. 3, pl. 82, non Cav.

I have very recently discussed this species and its synonymy” citing also the
Philippine specimens that represent the species. It is not a native of the
Philippines, but its original home is not definitely known, although it was
probably derived from tropical America. Prain says that it is not a native of
India, but was introduced from Madagascar. It is at once distinguished from
all other Philippine species by its single perfect anther. To the synonymy I
have added here B. subrotundifolia of F.-Villar and of Naves (not of Cavanilles) ;
Naves’s plate fairly well represents the species.

DOUBTFUL AND EXCLUDED SPECIES.

BAUHINIA LUNARIA Cay. Icon. 5 (1799) 4, t. 407; Vid. Rev. Pl. Vase. Filip.
(1886) 117; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 72.

The type of this species was collected by Née, the localities given by Cavanilles
being “Habitat in Calfvan et Acapulco viciniis,” the former in the Province
of Laguna, Luzon, and the latter in Mexico. The species belongs in the section
Casparia, which is entirely American (one species now cultivated in the tropics
of the world). The species is undoubtedly Mexican, and should be excluded
from the Philippine flora.

BAUHINIA SUBROTUNDIFOLIA Cav. 1. c. t. 406; Vidal 1. ¢.; F.-Vill. 1. e.

“Habitat in Calaévan duodecim leucis a Manila, et etiam in Acapulco viciniis.”
Like the preceding, a species of the section Casparia, and undoubtedly Mexican,
and not Philippine; to be excluded.

BAUHINIA ? LATISILIQUA Cay. 1. ¢.,. t.. 408, based on Philippine material, the
leaves of a Bauhinia, but the fruit of Mezoneurum. (=Mezoneurum latisiliquum
(Cav.) Merr.)

BAUHINIA CASTRATA Blanco Fl. Filip. (1837) 331, reduced in the second
edition (1845) to B. purpurea Linn., and considered by F.-Villar (Nov. App.
(1880) 73), to represent the Linnean species. The identification may be correct,
as Blanco’s material was from a cultivated specimen. No recent collector has
found B. purpurea in the Philippines. 7

BAUHINIA VARIEGATA Linn.; F,-Vill. Nov. App. 73.

BAUHINIA RUFA Grah.; F.-Vill. 1. ¢. 72.

BAUHINIA KHASIANA Baker; F.-Vill. J. c. 73.

BAUHINIA ELONGATA Korth.; F.-Vill.. 1. c. 73.

BAUHINIA RACEMOSA Lam.; F.-Vill. 1. ¢. 7

BAUHINIA RETUSA Ham.; F.-Vill. ]. ¢. 72.

* Philip. Journ. Sei. 4 (1909) Bot. 265.

F2. oe

ENUMERATION OF PHILIPPINE LEGUMINOSAE. 47

The above six species were credited to the Philippines by F.-Villar, probably
all being admitted on erroneous identifications. None of the species are known
to extend to the Archipelago.

BAUHINIA INERMIS Perr. Mém. Soc. Linn. Paris 3 (1824); C. B. Rob. in
Philip. Journ. Sci. 3 (1908) Bot. 304. A nomen nudum,

23. CASSIA Linn.

Trees, shrubs, or stout herbs with large leaflets and obtuse sepals.
Stamens 10, all fertile.
Lowest 2 or 3 stamens much exceeding the rest; pods cylindric, indehiscent

(§ FISTULA).
Flowers yellow, in elongated, lax racemes; bracts small, deciduous; leaflets

up to 14 em in length ......-.22.-----2--1-seeceeceeceeeteeenetereteeeseeetnes 1. C. fistula
Flowers pink and white, in short racemes or corymbs; bracts large, per-
sistent; leaflets 7 em long or less.............-.----- Varatreriindiemee 2. O. javanica

Stamens equal or subequal; pods flat, dehiscent.
Peduncles 2- or 3-flowered; pods 7 to 9 mm wide.................... 3. C. divaricata
Peduncles subumbellately or racemosely many-flowered; pods 1.3 to 1.5
(ch 17 Pan (e (eR mE ee nats EGS 8 Lease ee emer reer 4. C. glauca

Stamens 10, 7 fertile, the 3 upper ones reduced to staminodes (§ SENNA) ; pods
dehiscent, usually more or less compressed.
Leaves with glands on the common rachis; suffrutescent herbs.
Glands between the bases of two opposed leaflets; leaflets obtuse; pods
with oblique dissepiments; seeds rhombohedral........................ 5. C. tora
Glands far below the leaflets and near the base of the petiole; leaflets
acute; pods with transverse dissepiments; seeds ovate, compresed.

Most parts of the. plant hirsute or pubescent........................ 6. C. hirsuta
All parts of the plant glabrous.
Leaflets usually more numerous; pods turgid...................- 7. O. sophera
Leaflets 3 to 6 pairs; pods flattened....................-......... 8. OC. occidentalis

Leaves with the rachis channeled above, barred transversely between the
leaflets, but without glands.
Suffrutescent; flowers in strobilate subspicate racemes; pods winged along
the valves; leaflets large, reaching 15 cm in length.............. 9. C. alata
Trees or shrubs; flowers in corymbose panicles; pods not winged; leaflets
not exceeding 5 cm in length.
Stipules large, persistent; pod thin-valved, flexible, with narrow sutures;
young parts, inflorescence and leaves yellow-pubescent.
10. C. timoriensis
Stipules small, deciduous; pod with coriaceous, rigid valves, sutures
thickened; inflorescence somewhat gray-pubescent, leaves glabrous or

NEAT] Y BOs cpioeiee ena pee eet Rea Peete dae coe haat eace ccaceneteces: 1l. C. siamea
Slender herbs or undershrubs with very small leaflets and acute sepals (§
OHAMABECRIATA ) <..cc<c-:2s0c--- eee ee Se SNe 12. C. mimosoides

1. Cassia fistula Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 377; Baker in Hook. f. FI. Brit. Ind. 2
(1878) 261; Prain ex King in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 667 (1897) 156; F.-Vill.
Nov. App. (1880) 70; Vid. Sinopsis Altas (1883) ¢. 42, fig. EZ; Naves in Blanco
Fl. Filip. pl. 120.

Luzon, Province of Cagayan, Bur. Sci. 7876 Ramos: Province of Rizal, For.
Bur. 2991 Ahern’s collector: Province of Laguna, For, Bur. 10046 Curran. MIN-
poro, For. Bur. 8581 Merritt, For. Bur. 11325 Rosenbluth, Ritchie s. n.

ee

48 MERRILL.

Native names: Cajafistula, caiapistola, apostala. In Mindoro sometimes, but
erroneously, called balayong and tindalo which belong properly to Pahudia rhom-
boidea Prain.

This species is certainly an introduced one in the Philippines, as indicated by
its native names, which are of Spanish origin, or corruptions of Spanish names.
It is a native of British India, and is now widely distributed in tropical countries
in cultivation; Prain expresses the opinion that it is not entitled to be considered
an indigenous tree in Malaya.

2. Cassia javanica Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 379; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind.
2 (1878) 267; Koord. & Valet. Meded. ‘s Land Plantent. 14 (1895) 8; Vidal
Sinopsis Atlas (1883) ¢. 42, fig. D; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 70.

Cassia fistula Blanco Fl. Filip. (1837) 339, ed. 2 (1845) 237, ed. 3, 2: 76,

_ saltem pro maxima parte, non Linn.

Cassia nodosa Auct. Philip., non Ham.

Luzon, Province of Isabela, For. Bur. 11265 Klemme: Province of Union, Elmer
5661; Province of Zambales, Merrill 2958, Hallier s. n., For. Bur. 5902 Curran,
For, Bur. 6020 Aguilar, For, Bur. 13206 Cortes: Province of Pangasinan, For.
Bur, 13504 Medina, Cuming 1028: Province of Nueva Ecija, For. Bur. 14321
Saroca, For. Bur. 8467 Curran: Province of Batangas, For. Bur. 7686, 7713
Curran: Province of Rizal, For. Bur. 6632, 7030, 10031 Curran: Province of
Tayabas, Merrill 2057: Province of Camarines, For. Bur. 10458 Curran: Province
of Sorsogon, For. Bur. 5749 Pray. PoitLo, Bur. Sci. 9296 Robinson. MLNvoro,
For, Bur, 9688 Merritt.. PALAWAN, For. Bur. 7440 Manalo, Merrill 809, Bur. Sci.
760 Foxworthy, For. Bur, 15038 Danao, For, Bur. 3856 Curran. Batapac, Bur.
Sci, 403 Mangubat. Burtias, For. Bur. 1718 Clark. Leyte, Elmer 7122. MIn-
DANAO, Lake Lanao, Mrs. Clemens 6138.

Native names: Dulaueng (Isabela) ; tualing baculao (Zambales); anahuhan
(Tayabas) ; malatagum (Camarines) ; baguiroro (Sorsogon, Burias) ; lombayong,
ibabao, balayong, ex Blanco. The names most commonly used, however, are cafa-
fistula, and corruptions of it, which properly belong to the preceding species.

Widely distributed in the Philippines at low altitudes; Perak, Sumatra, Java,
Timor, Celebes, and Amboina.

Var. pubifolia var. nov.

Differt a typo partibus junioribus, subtus foliis, rhachidibusque den-
sissime molliter pubescentibus.

Luzon, Province of Ilocos Sur, For. Bur. 5239 Klemme: Province of Rizal,
Merrill 1313, 2639, For. Bur. 1173 Ahern’s collector, Decades Philip. Forest FI.
no. 37 Ahern’s collector.

This form, in its extreme development, is quite distinct from the species, and is
readily recognizable by its dense soft pubescence, which persists on old leaves; I
do not, however, ‘consider it to be specifically distinct, as intergrading forms are
represented by 1173 Ahern’s collector, cited here, and 10031 Curran cited under the
species.

What is here interpreted as Cassia javanica has been variously identified as
C. javanica L., C. nodosa Ham., and, by pure error, as C. fistula. The latter
species is very different, and should not be confused with the present one in any
stage. While there is some variation in the numerous specimens here referred to
C. javanica, I am of the opinion that but a single species is represented. The
material agrees well with the very short original description of C. javanica, with

ioe @ fay ot eel ah ee

ENUMERATION OF PHILIPPINE LEGUMINOSAE. 49

Javan material so named in our herbarium, and with the complete description
given by Koorders and Valeton. The leaflets vary in shape, and their apices are
sometimes rounded and retuse, sometimes acute, and even slightly acuminate. The
flowers agree in size with those of C. javanica, rather than with those of C. nodosa,
although the petals appear to be indifferently acute, or rounded, while the inflor-
escence is sometimes terminal, and sometimes from the older branchlets, in the
latter respect approaching Cassia nodosa Ham. Whether or not the latter is con-
stantly distinct from ©. javanica seems to be an open question.

3. Cassia divaricata Nees & Blume Syll. Ratisb. 1 (1824) 94; Miq. Fl. Ind.
Bat. 1* (1855) 97; Benth. in Trans. Linn. Soc. 27 (1871) 554; Vidal Rev. PI.
Vase. Filip. (1886) 116; Koord. & Valet. Meded. ’s Lands Plantent. 14 (1895) 17.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Loher 2219, Vidal 1246 in Herb. Kew., Elmer 5996:
District of Lepanto, For. Bur. 10928 Curran.

Java.

4. Cassia glauca Lam. Encycl. 1 (1785) 647; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind.
2 (1878) 265; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 71; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. 11 (1855) 96;
Naves in Blanco FI. Filip. ed. 3, pl. 426bis ; Vid. Rev. Pl. Vase. Filip. (1886) 115.

Luzon, Manila (Vidal 280, 281); without locality, Loher 2218.

India to southern China and Formosa, south to Malaya, but in many localities
perhaps only cultivated.

This species probably has no proper place in the Philippine flora, as Vidal’s
specimens were from Manila, doubtless from cultivated trees, while F.-Villar’s
reference is based on trees cultivated in the old botanic garden, where they no
longer exist. Loher’s specimen may also have been from cultivated plants,
but the distributed material of his collection is not localized. The much earlier
Cassia surattensis Burm, Fl. Ind. (1768) 97, is referred here by Bentham, but
I have not been able to verify it.

5. Cassia tora Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 376; Blanco FI. Filip. (1837) 337, ed. 2
(1845) 235; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1878) 263; F.-Vill. Nov. App.
(1880) 70; Naves in Blanco FI. Filip. ed. 3, pl. 122; Benth. Trans. Linn. Soc. 27
(1871) 535.

BATANES IsLanps, Bur. Sci. 3641 Fénix, Luzon, Province of Cagayan, Bur.
Sci. 7873 Ramos: Province of Pangasinan, Bur. Sci. 4859 Ramos: Province of
Pampanga, Parker 34: Manila, Merrill 82, McGregor 49: Province of Rizal, For.
Bur, 3357 Ahern’s collector: Province of Bataan, Williams 126, For. Bur. 1944
Borden, Merrill 3170. Mtnxporo, For. Bur. 5519 Merritt. CrsBu, Barrow 18.
MINDANAO, District of Davao, DeVore & Hoover 178: Lake Lanao, Mrs. Clemens
Ss. 1.

Widely distributed in the Philippines, and exceedingly abundant about towns
and settlements; tropics of the World.

Native names: Andadasi (llocano) ; balatong aso (Rizal, Batangas) ; manima-
nihan, mongomongohan, catandang aso, ex Blanco.

By some authors Cassia obtusifolia Linn. is held distinct from ©. tora. The
gland characters appear to be the most valid ones for distinguishing the two,
Cassia tora supposedly having a gland between each of the two lower pairs of
leaflets, and C. obtusifolia having a gland between the lowermost pair of leaflets
only. Both are represented in the material cited above; there are also some
specimens that on at least some of their leaves show no glands at all. In con-
nection with this matter a great number of living specimens were examined, and
the occurrence of leaves without glands was found to be frequent.

93664——-4

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50 MERRILL.

6. Cassia hirsuta Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 378; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind.
2 (1878) 263; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 70.

Cassia longisiliqua Blanco F1. Filip. (1837) 338, non Linn.

Cassia sulcata Blanco |. c. ed. 2 (1845) 236, non DC.

Luzon, Province of Rizal, Bur. Sci. 6525 Robinson, For. Bur, 1978, 3428 Ahern’s
collector: Manila, Merrill 4099.

Native names: Balbalatungan (Manila) ; tighiman, ex Blanco.

A native of tropical America, now widely distributed in the tropics of the
world. The Philippine specimens cited above have much shorter hairs than
Indian and Malayan material in our herbarium, so named, and the peduncles are
mostly more than two-flowered. ee

7. Cassia sophera Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 379; Baker I. ce. 262; F.-Vill. Nov. App.
(1880) 70; Vidal Rev. Pl. Vase. Filip. (1886) 116.

Luzon, Province of Union, Elmer 5604: Province of Laguna, Elmer: Province
of Ilocos Norte, or. Bur. 13802 Merritt & Darling.

Originally an American weed, now cosmopolitan in the tropics; similar to and
closely allied to the next, which, however, is much more common and widely
distributed in the Philippines.

8. Cassia occidentalis Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 377; Baker 1. ce. 262; Blanco FI.
Filip. (1837) 338, ed. 2 (1845) 236; F.-Vill. 1. ¢.; Naves in Blanco FI. Filip.
ed. 3, pl. 73.

Luzon, Province of Cagayan, For. Bur. 16482 Bacani: Province of Isabela,
Bur. Sci. 8101 Ramos: Province of Ilocos Sur, For. Bur. 14015 Merritt & Darling:
Province of Bataan, For. Bur. 1943 Borden: Manila, Elmer 5516, McGregor 48,
Topping 3, Merrill 391: Province of Tayabas, Whitford 541: Province of Albay,
Bur. Sci. 6304 Robinson. Portmxo, Bur. Sci. 9169 Robinson. MInporo, For. Bur.
5496 Merritt, Merrill 3339. Tasias, McGregor 340. Panay, Yoder 27. MIN-
DANAO, Province of Surigao, Allen 143: Lake Lanao, Mrs. Clemens 472: District
of Davao, DeVore & Hoover 150.

Native names: cabalcabalan, tambalisa (Mindoro) ; tighiman, ex Blanco.

A weed in waste places at low altitudes throughout the Philippines; probably
originally American, but now cosmopolitan in the tropics.

9. Cassia alata Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 378; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2
(1878) 264; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 70; Blanco FI. Filip. (1837) 339, ed. 2
(1845) 237, ed. 3, 2: 77; Naves l. c. ed. 3, pl. 124bis. ;

Herpetica alata Raf. Sylva Tellur. (1838) 123; W. F. Wight ex Safford in
Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 9 (1905) 293.

Luzon, Province of Abra, For. Bur. 14565 Darling: Province of Union, Hlmer
5597: Manila, Topping 4, Merrill 3427: Province of Rizal, For. Bur, 8427 Ahern’s
collector: Province of Bataan, Williams 318, For. Bur. 2198, 2583 Meyer, Elmer
7015: Province of Tayabas, Ritchie 76: Province of Albay, Bur. Sci. 6245 Robinson.
Mrinporo, Merrill 1256. Busuanca, Merrill 434. BAtapac, Bur, Sect. 475 Man-
gubat. PANAyY, Copeland s.n. Necros, For. Bur. 4204 Everett. Crsu, Bur. Sci.
1743 McGregor. MINDANAO, District of Zamboanga, For. Bur. 9202 Whitford &
Hutchinson: Province of Surigao, Bolster 202: Lake Lanao, Mrs, Clemens s. n.
BASILAN, For. Bur. 3957 Hutchinson.

Native names: Acapulco, capurco (Manila, Zamboanga) ; palochina (Busuanga,
Negros) ; bicas-bicas (Marinduque) ; bayabasan (Tayabas) ; sunting (Surigao) ;
pacagoncon (Bataan) ; andadasi, adadasi (Union, Abra) ; sonting, catanda, casitas,
gamot sa buni, pacayomcom castila, ex Blanco.

Widely distributed in the Philippines in waste places about settlements, etc.,
and undoubtedly of American origin; now cosmopolitan in the tropics of the world.

- pie as Spat teal perils hy EEE A ee ae

ENUMERATION OF PHILIPPINE LEGUMINOSAF. 51

10. Cassia timoriensis DC. Prodr. 2 (1825) 499; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. 1? (1855)
99; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1878) 265; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880)
71; Merr. in Philip, Journ. Sci. 1 (1906) Suppl. 63. .

Cassia arayatensis Llanos Frag. (1851) 71; Blanco Fl. Filip. ed. 3, 4°
(1880) 55.

Cassia montana Naves in Blanco FI. Filip. ed. 3, pl. 452, non Heyne.

Luzon, Province of Hocos Sur, Fur. Bur. 5660 Klemme: Province of Pangas-
inan, For. Bur. 14199 Merritt, For. Bur. 8342 Curran & Merritt: Province of
Tarlac, Merrill 3639: Province of Nueva Eeija, For. Bur. 8472, 8423 Curran:
Province of Pampanga, Merrill 1400: Province of Rizal, For. Bur. 2292 Ahern’s
collector, Decades Philip. Forest Fl. no. 261 Ahern’s collector: Province of Bataan,
Williams 390, Merrill 1494, For. Bur. 2339 Borden, For. Bur. 2238 Meyer, For.
Bur. 361 Barnes.

Native names: Bagauac, balacbac (Bataan); bayacbac (Pampanga); mala-
caturay, malapatpat (Nueva Ecija) ; isar (Ilocos Sur).

In thickets at low altitudes; India to Indo-China, the Malay Peninsula and
Archipelago.

The Philippine material is apparently all referable to var. zanthocoma Miq.
Fl. Ind. Bat. 1* (1855) 99 (Cassia xanthocoma Miq. Analecta 1 (1850) 10),
which is apparently not specifically distinct from C. timoriensis DC.

1]. Cassia siamea Lam. Encycl. 1 (1785) 648; Benth. Trans. Linn. Soc. 27
(1871) 549; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1878) 264; F.-Vill. Nov. App.
(1880) 71.

Cassia florida Vahl Symb. 3 (1794) 57; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. 1' (1855) 98.

Cassia arayatensis Naves in Blanco FI. Filip. ed. 3, pl. 426, non Llanos.

Luzon, Manila, Ahern 711, For. Bur. 12475, 19024 Curran: Province of Rizal,
Morong, Bur. Sci. 1365 Ramos,

Introduced and cultivated only, now extensively used as a shade tree in Manila;
India to Indo-China, the Malay Peninsula and Archipelago; widely distributed in
the tropics in cultivation.

12. Cassia mimosoides Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 379; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. 1+ (1855)
101; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1878) 266; Blanco FI. Filip. (1837) 340,
ed. 2 (1845) 237, ed. 3, 2: 78; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 71.

Luzon, Province of Cagayan, Bur. Sci. 7814 Ramos: Province of Benguet, For.
Bur. 15946 Bacani, Williams 994, 995, Bur. Sci. 3509 Mearns: Province of Rizal,
Bur. Sct. 1045, 1488, 1835, 1843 Ramos. Mrinporo, For. Bur. 9754 Merritt.
Necros, For. Bur. 13715 Curran. Mrinpanao, Lake Lanao, Mrs. Clemens 4:
District of Davao, Copeland 1304.

Widely distributed in the Philippines at medium and higher altitudes; India
and southern China through Malaya to New South Wales.

EXCLUDED SPECIES,

CASSIA MONTANA Heyne; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 71. Probably admitted on
an erroneous identification; the species is unknown from the Philippines.

24. GLEDITSIA Linn.

1. Gleditsia rolfei Vid. Rev. Pl. Vase. Filip. (1886) 115; Merr. in Philip.
Journ. Sei. 1 (1906) Suppl. 63.

Gleditsia celebica Koord. Meded. ’s Lands Plantent. 19 (1898) 433; Merr.
Forest. Bureau (Philip.) Bull. 1 (1903) 24.

Luzon, Province of Pampanga, Mount Arayat, Merrill 5026: Province of Bataan,
For. Bur. 326 Barnes, Williams 564, For. Bur. 7345, 17320 Curran: Province of

ee

Fe eee eee eee ee ee ee ee eee ee ee

52 MERRILL.

Nueva Ecija, Vidal 1826 in Herb. Kew. (type): Province of Batangas, Copeland
s. n.: Province of Tayabas, For. Bur. 10335 Curran: Province of Camarines,
Ahern 62. CELEBES, Koorders, cultivated in the Botanical Garden, Buitenzorg,
Java.

Native name (Tayabas), J'ahid-labuyo, meaning cock’s spur, from the spines.

A species allied to those of southern China; known only from Luzon and
Celebes.

A second species is apparently represented by sterile material collected in Cebu
by Espinosa, For. Bur. 6488, locally known as Matagum. It differs from G. rolfei
in having entire leaflets which are prominently and inequilaterally retuse at the
apex.

The generic name is in honor of Gleditsch, latinized and simplified Gleditsia ;
Taubert prefers the spelling Gleditschia.

25. PTEROLOBIUM R. Br.

1. Pterolobium membranulaceum (Blanco) Merr. in Govt. Lab. Publ.
(Philip.) 35 (1906) 22.

Mimosa membranulacea Blanco FI. Filip. (1837) 739.

Reichardia pentapetala Blanco }. c. ed. 2 (1845) 233, ed. 3, 2: 71.

Pterolobium indicum F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 70; Vidal Sinopsis Atlas
(1883) t. 42, fig. G, Rev. Pl. Vase. Filip. (1886) 114, non A. Rich.

Luzon, Province of Rizal, For. Bur. 1837, 1984 Ahern’s collector: Province of
Bataan, Vidal 1285: Province of Union, Vidal 1299, in Herb. Kew.: without
locality, Loher 2183, 2188, 2189, in Herb. Kew.

Endemic.

Blanco’s description is imperfect, and in some respects does not apply especially
well to the specimens here referred to it; I am confident, however, that the iden-
tification is correct.

26. DELONIX Raf.

1. Delonix regia (Boj.) Raf. Fl. Tellur. 2 (1836) 92; W. F. Wight ex Safford
in Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 9 (1905) 256.

Poinciana regia Boj. ex Hook. Bot. Mag. 56 (1829) ¢. 2884; F.-Vill. Nov. App.
(1880) 70; Naves in Blanco FI. Filip. ed. 3, pl. 451.

Luzon, Province of Union, Elmer 5656: Manila, For. Bur, 19026 Ourran,
Cordova 482: Province of Pampanga, Parker. PALAWAN, For. Bur. 3561 Curran,
BASILAN, For. Bur. 3466 Hutchinson.

Native names: Arbol del fuego; caballero. The “fire tree” or “flamboyant.”

A native of Madagascar, now widely distributed in the tropics of the world
in cultivation; commonly cultivated in towns in the Philippines.

Following strict rules, the proper generic name for this well-known and widely
distributed species is Delonia Raf., as the genus Poinciana Linn. was based solely
on what is now generally known as Caesalpinia pulcherrima (L.) Sw. The genus
Poinciana has page preference over Caesalpinia, and hence by strict interpretation
of the rules of nomenclature, those species now referred to Caesalpinia, generic
limits retained as defined by Bentham & Hooker, should be treated as Poinciana,
the genus Caesalpinia falling into synonymy. This extreme interpretation has
been followed by some recent botanists, but at the same time they have raised
some of the sections of Caesalpinia, as interpreted by Bentham & Hooker, and
by Taubert, to gemeric rank. It seems doubtful to me if any representative
botanical congress will sanction the transfer of Caesalpinia bodily to Poinciana,

eT sie Me toes

ENUMERATION OF PHILIPPINE LEGUMINOSAE. 53

on account of the confusion in nomenclature that such a course of procedure
will entail. Delonia is here adopted for the present genus, as under no rules at
present in force can Poinciana be retained for it.

27. CAESALPINIA Linn.

Pods armed with abundant wiry prickles; petals narrow; scandent spiny shrubs
(§ GUILANDINA ).
Leaves with large foliaceous stipules; leaflets mostly less than 2.5 em in length;

OOM ye VF) OND), MOUND oa, cco cas conned teas cin dans tees an ambvayaoueastavecbegie 1. OC. crista
Leaves without stipules; leaflets 3 to 5 em long; pods about 10 em long.
2. C. glabra

Pods unarmed; petals broad.

Leaflets coriaceous, few, 2 or 3 pairs on each pinna, 2 to 6 em long, acute; pods
short, the seeds solitary, rarely 2 (§ NUGARIA)............----:eeeee--+- 3. C. nuga
Leaflets membranaceous or subcoriaceous, many, 8 or more pairs on each pinna,

mostly less than 2 em long, rounded; pods with from 5 to 8 seeds.
Petals distinctly clawed; stamens long-exserted, several times as long as the
petals; pods about 2 em wide (§ CAESALPINARIA )........ 4. CO. pulcherrima
Petals not or but slightly clawed; stamens short, not or but slightly exserted

(§ SAPPANIA).

An erect tree; stipules none; pods 3 to 4 em wide; with a stout spreading

beak at the upper angle of the obtuse apex............-........... 5. C. sappan
Seandent spiny shrubs; pods oblong or linear-oblong, less than 3 em in
width; stipules present, deciduous............-.......--:---ccsse--0+e0 6. C. sepiaria

1. Caesalpinia crista Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 380, (excl. syn. Fl. Zeyl. 157, pro
parte, Herm. zeyl. 12), non ed. 2 (1762) 544, nee aliorum; Urban Symb. Antill. 2
(1900) 269.

Guilandina bondue Linn. 1. ¢. 381, non ed. 2 (1762) 545.

Guilandina bonducella Linn, |. c. ed. 2 (1762) 545; Blanco Fl. Filip. (1837)
343, ed. 2 (1845) 239, ed. 3, 2: 81.

Caesalpinia bonducella Flem. As. Res. 11 (1810) 159; Baker in Hook. f. FI.
Brit. Ind. 2 (1878) 254; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 69; Prain ex King in Journ.
As. Soc. Beng. 66° (1897) 226.

fuilandina crista Small Fl. Southeast. U. 8. (1903) 591; W. F. Wight ex
Safford in Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 9 (1905) 288.

Luzon, Province of Union, Hlmer 5723, Fénia 11: Province of Pangasinan,
Bur. Sci. 4969 Ramos: Province of Bataan, Williams 332, Elmer 7002, Merrill
3284. MInpboro, For. Bur. 5535 Merritt. Crsu, Barrow 8. MINDANAO, District
of Davao, DeVore & Hoover 155, Copeland 345.

Native names: Calambibit (widely used) ; dauer (Union) ; bangbang (Cebu) ;
dalagdag (Mindoro) ; dalugdug ex Blanco.

Widely distributed in the Philippines near the seashore; cosmopolitan in the
tropics of the world.

The synonymy of this species is rather complicated, but it has been cleared up
by Urban.” The first citation given by Linnaeus is to his Flora Zeylanica no.
157, but this is only in part (Pluk. alm. 4. t. 2. f. 2) referable to the present
species, the reference to Herm, zeyl. 12 being an error, for Trimen™ calls attention
to the fact that the specimen in Hermann’s Herbarium is Oaesalpinia nuga (L.)
Ait., and not C. crista. (uilandina bondue and G@. bonducella Linn., as cited above,
are certainly identical with C. crista Linn.

* Symb. Antill. 2 (1900) 269-271.
“Fl. Ceyl. 2 (1894) 99.

rad

a) se eee ant ee

54 MERRILL.

2. Caesalpinia glabra ( Mill.) comb. nov.

Guilandina glabra Mill. Gard. Dict. ed. 8 (1768) no. 3.

Caesalpinia bonduc Roxb. Hort, Beng. (1814) 32, Fl. Ind. 2 (1832) 362;
Baker in Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1878) 255; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 69; Urban Symb.
Antill. 2 (1900) 272, non Guilandina bonduc Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 381.

Guilandina bonduc Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2 (1762) 545, pro parte, non ed. 1 (1753)
381.

Caesalpinia crista Perk. Frag. Fl]. Philip. (1904) 15, non Linn.

Guilandina bondue var. majus DC. Prodr. 2 (1825) 480.

Guilandina major Small Fl. Southeast. U. S. (1903) 591.

' PALAWAN, Merrill 842, Bur. Sci. 228 Bermejos. MINDANAO, Lake Lanao, Mrs.
Clemens 755, 863, 1182: District of Davao, Copeland s. n. One of the specimens
from Lake Lanao (Clemens 863) has comparatively few and weak spines on the
pod, but I do not consider it specifically distinct from the more common form
with stout spines.

Cosmopolitan in the tropics.

I consider the specific name bonduc to be invalid in the genus, as the species
as originally described under Guilandina is a synonym of (©. crista Linn. What is
apparently the earliest valid name is here adopted.

3. Caesalpinia nuga (Linn.) Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2, 3 (1811) 82; Baker in
Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1878) 255; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 69; Naves in
Blanco Fl. Filip. ed. 3, pl. 150.

Gutlandina nuga Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2 (1762) 546; Blanco FI. Filip. (1837) 344,
ed. 2 (1845) 240, ed. 3, 2: 81.

Caesalpinia laevigata Perr. Mém. Linn. Soc. Paris 3 (1824) 104.

Luzon, Province of Cagayan, Bur. Sci. 7418 Ramos: Province of Pangasinan,
Bur. Sci. 4879 Ramos; Province of Zambales, Hallier, s. n., For. Bur. 5909
Curran: Province of Bulacan, McGregor 96: Manila, Marave 68: Province of
Bataan, For, Bur. 2272 Meyer, For. Bur. 1952, 2492 Borden, Elmer 7009, Whitford
1264: Province of Tayabas, Whitford 842, in part: Province of Camarines, Ahern
252. PoLiLLo, Bur. Sci. 9139 Robinson. LuBane, Merrill 962. Mtnpvoro, Merrill
1294, 1225, 3341, For. Bur. 5517 Merritt. Patawan, Bur. Sci. 610 Foawworthy.
Panay, Copeland 108. Nearos, For. Bur. 7330 Everett. MINDANAO, Province
of Surigao, Bolster 367: District of Davao, Williams 2740.

Native names: Sapnit, sapinit, or sagmit, in most provinces; sometimes camat-
cabag ; in Mindoro sometimes calauwinit ; bacaig (Polillo).

Widely distributed in the Philippines along the seashore; throughout the
tropics of the world in littoral districts.

4. Caesalpinia pulcherrima (Linn.) Sw. Obs. (1791) 166; Baker in Hook.
f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1878) 255; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 69; Naves in Blanco
Fl. Filip. ed. 3, pl. 112.

Poinciana pulcherrima Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 380; Blanco Fl. Filip. (1837)
333, ed. 2 (1845) 232, ed. 3, 2: 69; W. F. Wight ex Safford in Contr. U. S. Nat.
Herb. 9 (1905) 358.

Amost universally known in the Philippines by the Spanish name “caballero,”
rarely as “maravilla;” according to Blanco sometimes “flores” or “rosas,” all
names of Spanish origin. Undoubtedly originating in tropical America; now
widely distributed in the tropics of the world. It is extensively cultivated, and
also spontaneous in the Philippines, and is represented by numerous specimens
from all parts of the Archipelago, from the Batanes Islands to Palawan and
southern Mindanao. ;

3 re.

ENUMERATION OF PHILIPPINE LEGUMINOSAE, 56

This species is the type of the genus Poinciana Linn., and is the only one
cited by him under this genus in the first edition of his “Species Plantarum.”
According to strict priority Poinciana would be the proper generic name for the
species now placed in Caesalpinia. See page 52.

5. Caesalpinia sappan Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 381; Blanco FI. Filip. (1837)
335, ed. 2 (1845) 234, ed. 3, 2: 72; Naves 1. c. ed. 3, pl. 121; Baker in Hook. f. FI.
Brit. Ind. 2 (1878) 255; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 69; Vid. Sinopsis Atlas (1883)
t. 42, fig. C.

Biancaca sappan Todaro Hort. Bot. Panorm, (1876) 3; W. F. Wight ex Safford
in Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 9 (1905) 198.

Luzon, Province of Hocos Norte, Bur. Sci. 2292 Mearns: Province of Ilocos
Sur, For. Bur. 14073 Merritt & Darling: Province of Union, Elmer 5547: Province
of Zambales, Merrill 2959: Province of Bulacan, Bur. Sci. 6127 Robinson &
Merritt: Province of Rizal, For. Bur. 3286 Ahern’s collector; Province of Bataan,
For. Bur, 13376 Cortes, For. Bur. 5984 Curran, Ahern 771: Province of Tayabas,
Merrill 2420, 2131. M1nvoro, Merrill 887, For. Bur, 9822 Merritt. GUIMARAS,
For. Bur. 48 Ritchie, For. Bur. 4541 Villar. Necros, For. Bur, 5577 Everett.
BANTAYAN, Bur. Sci. 1699 McGregor. MINDANAO, Mrs, Clemens 1177.

Universally known in the Philippines as sappan or sappang, and sibucao,

India to Indo-China, the Malay Peninsula and Archipelago; probably not a true
native of the Philippines, but introduced in ancient times.

6. Caesalpinia sepiaria Roxb. Hort. Beng. (1814) 32, nomen, Fl. Ind. 2
(1832) 360; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1878) 256; F.-Vill. Nov. App.
(1880) 69; Vidal Rev. Pl. Vase. Filip. (1886) 114; Prain ex King in Journ, As.
Soe. Beng. 667 (1897) 229; Urban Symb. Antill. 2 (1900) ra ae

Caesalpinia benguetensis Elmer Leafl. Philip. Bot. 1 (1907) 226.

Mezoneurum benguetense Elmer |, ¢. (1908) 362.

Luzon, Province of Rizal, (Vidal 268); without locality, Loher 2194, 2199 in
Herb. Kew.: Province of Benguet, Elmer 5888, 8720 (type number of C. bengue-
tensis), Williams 1206: Province of Isabela, Bur. Sci. 8094 Ramos.

I am unable to distinguish Caesalpinia benguetensis Elm, from the widely
distributed C. sepiaria Roxb. Mr. Elmer states that his species is distinguished by
its smaller leaves, obsolete stipules, and pods not beaked; the former character is
exceedingly variable, while my specimen of the type number has a single pod
bearing a 5 mm long beak, and the stipules, although smaller than in typical
Caesalpinia sepiaria, and early deciduous, are present. The stipules on Elmer
5888 are very distinct. The transfer to Mezoneurum was primarily due to a
suggestion made by myself, and apparently without additional study on the part
of Mr. Elmer.

It correctly reduced, Reichardia ? decapetala Roth Nov. Pl. Sp. (1821) 212;
DC. Prodr. 2 (1825) 484, supplies the earliest specific name for the species, as
Roxburgh’s original reference to Caesalpinia sepiaria is a nomen nudum.

India to southern China and Japan, south to Malaya; introduced in tropical
America, Australia, and Africa.

EXCLUDED SPECIES.

CAESALPINIA MIMOSOIDES Lam.; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 69. A species of
India and Ceylon, not known from the Philippines, and doubtless admitted by
F.-Villar on an erroneous identification.

se ll lL OO aa ee ee ele ee .

56 MERRILL.

28. MEZONEURUM Desf.

Calyx deeply cleft, with a wide short tube and a basal disk, the anterior lobe
deeply cucullate (§ EUMEZONEURUM).
Leaflets opposite, large, ovate, acute or acuminate, about 10 em long.
1. M. cucullatum
Leaflets alternate or subopposite, small, elliptic to elliptic-oblong, broad and
rounded at the apex, 1.5 to 3.5 em long.
Leaflets beneath and calyx externally rather densely pubescent.
2. M. pubescens
Leaflets and calyx glabrous.
Leaflets about 1.5 em long; pods 1-seeded............................ 3. M. mindorense
Leaflets 2.5 to 3.5 em long; pods 5- to 7-seeded................ 4. M. latisiliquum
~ Calyx shallowly cleft, with a narrow, elongated tube, the disk extending above
the base, the anterior lobe shallowly hooded. (Leaflets alternate, obovate-
oblong, obtuse, 5 to 7 em long) (§ TUBICALYX).......2........ 5. M. sumatranum

1. Mezoneurum cucullatum (Roxb.) Wight & Arn. Prodr. (1834) 283; Baker
in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1878) 258; Prain ex King in Journ. As. Soe. Beng.
66° (1897) 232.

Caesalpinia cucullata Roxb. Hort. Beng. (1814) 32, Fl. Ind. 2 (1832) 358.

Mezoneurum macrophyllum Bl. ex Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. 1% (1855) 104.

MinpdANAO, Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley, Mrs. Clemens 922, February, 1907.

India to Yunnan (Henry 12215), south to Cochin-China, the Andaman Islands
and Java; not previously reported from the Philippines.

Mezoneurum macrophyllum Bl., was reduced to M. cucullatum W. & A. by
Baker, and the description of Blume’s species seems to apply rather closely to the
latter.

2. Mezoneurum pubescens Desf. in Mém. Mus. Paris 4 (1818) 245, t. 11;
F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 70; Vidal Rey. Pl. Vase. Filip. (1886) 114.

Caesalpinia ignota Blanco FI. Filip. (1837) 336, ed. 2 (1845) 235, ed. 3, ‘ees

Mezoneurum hymenocarpum W. & A. Prodr. 1 (1834) 283; Prain in Journ.
As. Soe. Beng. 66? (1897) 233, 472 ?

Luzon, Province of Rizal, For. Bur. 1477, 3370 Ahern’s collector, Dec. Philip.
Forest Fl. no, 206 Ahern’s collector ; near Manila, Marave 69, McGregor 79, Llana
229, Merrill.

Native names: Camat-cabag, dauag (Rizal).

Timor.

There is some doubt as to the additional range of this species, as Baker records
it from Burma, but Prain states that the Burman, Ceylon, and Andaman Island
material is Mezonewrum hymenocarpum W. & <A., which species has alternate
leaflets, much fewer in number than those of M. pubescens Desf. Fragments of
three of the above numbers, representing flowers, immature and mature pods,
were sent to the Paris Museum for comparison with Desfontaines’ type. Doctor
Lecomte, who kindly made the comparison, writes as follows: “Il résulte de
cette étude que l’un des échantillons envoyés correspond aussi bien que possible
A’ M. hymenocarpum W. et A., et Vautre A M. pubescens Desf., type. I, M. hyme-
nocarpum W. & A., coll. Llana 229, 2, M. pubescens Desf., coll. Ramos 1477, ’
Marave 69. De la premiére espéce nous possedons un échantillon envoyé par
King absolument semblable a celui qui vous nous avez communiqué. De la
deuxiéme nous avons pu faire la comparaison avec le type.” After a careful exam-
ination of a full series of specimens, however, I am convinced that but a single
species is represented by the material cited above. The specimén collected by
Llana, examined by Doctor Lecomte, has very thin, immature fruit, but in all

ors ee ee ee Te oa)

ENUMERATION OF PHILIPPINE LEGUMINOSAE. 57

other respects the plant agrees with the others cited above. The species is common
in thin poor soil over voleanic tuff on open hills near Manila.

3. Mezoneurum mindorense Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 3 (1908) Bot. 232.

Minporo, I’or. Bur. 53883 Merritt. :

Native name: Sapinit.

Var. inerme Merr. 1. c.

Mrnporo, Bur. Sci. 1514 Bermejos.

Endemic.

4. Mezoneurum latisiliquum (Cay.) Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 4 (1909)
Bot. 268.

Bauhinia ? latisiliqua Cav. Icon. 5 (1799) 5, t. 408, in part, excl. description
and figure of the leaves.

Mezoneurum glabrum Desf. in Mém. Mus. Paris 4 (1818) 245, t. 10; DC.
Prodr. 2 (1825) 484; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 70; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. 12 (1855)
163; Vidal Phan. Cuming. Philip. (1885) 110, Rev. Pl. Vase. Filip. (1886) 114;
Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 1 (1906) Suppl. 64.

Caesalpinia torquata Blanco F). Filip. (1837) 336.

Mezoneurum procumbens Blanco 1. ce. ed. 2 (1845) 235, ed. 3, 2: 73.

Represented by numerous specimen cited by myself, 1. c., with the addition of
Bur. Sci. 7737 Ramos, Province of Ilocos Norte, Luzon.

Native names: Camut-pusa, literally “cat’s claw,” (Pampanga, Mindoro, Ba-
taan, Rizal); sampinit (Mindoro, Basilan); sokit (Basilan) ; sagnit, sapnit,
cabitcabag, tugabang, ugabang, ex Blanco.

At Yow altitudes, northern Luzon to southern Mindanao; Timor.

The Mezoneurum glabrum of Baker in the Flora of British India is not Desfon-
taines’ species, but is M. furfuraceum Prain.

5. Mezoneurum sumatranum (Roxb.) Wight & Arn. Prodr. 1 (1834) 283;
Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. 1* (1855) 105, 1081; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1878)
259; Prain ex King in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 66? (1897) 235.

Caesalpinia sumatrana Roxb. Hort. Beng. (1814) 32, nomen, Fl. Ind. 2 (1832)
366,

Mezoneurum rubrum Merr. in Govt. Lab. Publ. (Philip.) 6 (1904) 7.

PALAWAN, Merrill 805.

The above specimen, on which Mezoneurum rubrum was based, is in fruit, and
was referred by Perkins ® to M. glabrum Desf. (=M. latisiliquum (Cav.) Merr.).
Comparison with authentic material of M. swmatranum shows it to be the same
as that species, and it is here accordingly reduced.

Malacca, Perak, Singapore, and Sumatra.

29. PELTOPHORUM Vogel.

1. Peltophorum inerme (Roxb.) Naves in Blanco FI. Filip. ed. 3, pl. 335, ex
F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 69, as syn.

Caesalpinia inermis Roxb. Hort..Beng. (1814) 90, Fl. Ind. 2 (1832) 367.

Poinciana roxburghii G. Don Gen. Syst. 2 (1832) 433.

Caesalpinia ferruginea Decne. Nouv. Ann. Mus. 3 (1834) 462.

Caesalpinia arborea Zoll, Nat. en Geneesk. Archief 3 (1846) 65; Mig. Fl. Ind,
Bat. 1* (1855) 112.

Peltophorum ferrugineum Benth. Fl. Austral. 2 (1864) 279; Baker in Hook.
f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1878) 257; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 69; Vidal Rev. Pl. Vasc.
Filip. (1886) 114; Prain ex King in Journ. As. Soe. Beng 66% (1897) 224.

* Frag. Fl. Philip. (1904) 15.

iy

{
|
‘
t
j

58 MERRILL.

Baryxylum inerme Pierre Fl. Forest. Cochinch. (1899) ¢. 390.

Luzon, Province of Pangasinan, For. Bur. 8307 Curran & Merritt: Province of
Batangas, For. Bur. 7739 Curran & Merritt: Manila, Merrill 4087, For. Bur.
19058, 19054 Curran, cultivated. Mrnxpord, For. Bur. 9735, 9823 Merritt. Pa-
LAWAN, For. Bur. 3498 Curran, For. Bur, 7427 Manalo. BALarac, Bur. Sci. 484
Mangubat.

A tree of low altitudes, mostly confined to the seashore ; extensively cultivated
in Manila as a shade tree. Malay Peninsula and the Andaman Islands to Borneo,
Java, Timor, and northern Australia.

The oldest specific name is here adopted, and the generic designation Peltoph-
orum is retained in accordance with the action of the Vienna Botanical Congress,
although Baryxylum Lour. is much older.

30. ORMOSIA Jacks.

Flowers about 2 em long, whitish; leaves softly pubescent, the nerves very
MATIC 5.28 cbeacncsbenccasteigt terete tops ceevs i sve ib taqahndon sce ciisaapen «niente ds 1. O. paniculata
Flowers about 1 cm long, purplish; leaves glabrous, shining, the nerves obscure
2. O. calavensis

1. Ormosia paniculata Merr. in Govt. Lab, Publ. (Philip.) 35 (1906) 21,
Philip. Journ. Sci. 1 (1906) Suppl. 64.

Luzon, Province of Bataan, For. Bur. 2028 Borden, October, 1904.

Endemic.

2. Ormosia calavensis Azaola ex Blanco Fl. Filip. ed. 2 (1845) 230, ed. 3, 2:
64; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 69; Vidal Rev. Pl. Vase. Filip. (1886) 113, Phan.
Cuming. Philip. (1885) 109, Sinopsis Atlas (1883) ¢t. 41, fig. H; Perk. Frag. FI.
Philip. (1904) 15; Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 1 (1906) Suppl. 64; Prain in
Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 69* (1900) 180.

Luzon, Province of Cagayan, For. Bur. 16985 Bacani: Province of Ilocos Norte,

(Cuming 1219): Province of Rizal, Merrill 1724, 2661, For. Bur. 447, 2963 Ahern’s

collector, Bur. Sci. 3362 Ramos: Province of Bataan, Decades Philip. Forest Fl.
no. 223 Borden: Province of Laguna, For. Bur. 7760 Curran & Merritt: Province
of Tayabas, Merrill 2600, For. Bur. 10867, 10750 Curran, For. Bur. 214 Van
Wickle: Province of Albay, Cuming 916. Maspare, Merrill 2752. Leyte, For.
Bur. 12423 Danao. M1Invanao, District of Zamboanga, Ahern 595, For. Bur.
9475 Whitford & Hutchinson: Lake Lanao, Mrs. Clemens 1144, 8. n.

Native name: Bahay (Laguna, Tayabas, Bataan).

Endemic.

The generic name is antedated by Toulichiba Adans. but is here retained
following the list of nomina conservanda of the Vienna Botanical Congress.

31. SOPHORA Linn.

1. Sophora tomentosa Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 373; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit.
Ind. 2 (1878) 249; Blanco FI. Filip. (1837) 238, ed. 2 (1845) 229, ed. 3, 2: 63;
F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 69; Vidal Sinopsis Atlas (1883) ¢. 41, fig. G, Rev. Pl.
Vase. Filip. (1886) 113.

Sophora heptaphylla Blanco 1. ce., F.-Vill. 1. c., non Linn.

BATANES ISLANDS, Sabtan, Bur. Sci. 3737 Fénix. Luzon, Province of Pangas-
inan, For. Bur. 8350 Curran & Merritt: Province of Tayabas, Merrill 1119, 2034,
1971, For. Bur. 10249 Curran: Province of Camarines, Ahern 213, POLILLo,
Bur. Sci: 9011 Robinson, Bur. Sci. 10763 Mc@regor. Munpvoro, Merrill 1664, 2384,
For. Bur. 9824 Merritt. Patawan, For. Bur. 3818 Curran. MASBATE, Merrill

a ———1.' el eo ee

ENUMERATION OF PHILIPPINE LEGUMINOSAE. 59

3041. Necros, For. Bur. 45612 Everett. JoLo, Williams 3118. MINDANAO,

— ——<—

District of Davao, Copeland 1322.

Native names: Tambalisa (Negros, Masbate, Mindoro, Tayabas) ; cdpon ( Bata-
nes Islands); sandalaitan (Tayabas) ; cabaicabai, ex Blanco.

Throughout the Philippines along the seashore; widely distributed in the

tropics of the world.
32. CROTALARIA Linn.
Leaves simple.
Pod not longer than the calyx, which is shaggily pubescent with long, soft,
brown hairs; leaves linear, 5 to 15 cm long.
Flowers blue, sessile or subsessile .............00........:ccceccccssssceeeeees 1. C. sessiliflora
Flowers yellow, their pedicels stout, 5 to 8 mm long.................. 2. C. calycina
Pod as long as the calyx or sometimes slightly exceeding it, turgid, ovoid.
(Calyx pubescent with short, appressed, gray or brown hairs; leaves linear
or linear-oblong, usually less than 6 em LOND) poorer ese 3. OC. linifolia
Pod exserted, one-half to many times longer than the calyx, oblong.
Pods small, about 1 cm long, less than twice as long as the calyx.
Leaves linear to oblong; stems, leaves and calyces pubescent with short,
appressed hairs; stipules: MOne yee seer cec tation este node nc =. 4. C. albida
Leaves orbicular-ovate to elliptic; stems, leaves and calyces pubescent
with long, soft, brown, spreading hairs; stipules acicular.
5. C. acicularis
Pods 2 cm long or more, twice to many times as long as the calyx.
Pods glabrous; flowers yellow.

Stems diffuse; racemes lateral] .................0:0...2scecceeeeceeeeeseoee 6. C. ferruginea
Stems erect; racemes terminal.
Leaves broad, rounded and retuse at the apex..................-..- 7. C. retusa
Teaves (acite at the: wpeme sss reed een access cute 8. C. assamica

Pods pubescent; flowers blue or yellow.
Flowers yellow; branches terete; stipules none or minute; leaves linear

OR OO)] OT ses FS teh Pe ees tence cathe Pec dees aoe, naseuh aceeeseed dates 9. C. juncea
Flowers blue; branches prominently angled; stipules large, persistent,
BemMUNArs LEAVES CVALO sk sete A isalscadetciacttsteesasccsace 10. @. verrucosa

Leaves compound.
Leaves 3-foliolate.
Pedicels 5 mm long or less.
Inflorescence mostly terminal, the racemes elongated; leaflets elliptic-
obovate or obovate, broad at the apex.
Leaflets retuse, and usually with a small mucro at the apex; calyx-
segments pale-greenish when dry; pods glabrous or nearly so.
ll. C. saltiana
Leaflets manifestly apiculate-acuminate at the apex, not retuse; calyx-
segments brownish-purple when dry; pods hirsute........ 12. C. incana
Inflorescence mostly axillary, the racemes rather short; leaflets gradually
narrowed to the slender, acute or acuminate apex; pods densely
PUDORCONG <x 275.21 peepee ide di rasan kecas soneecknange 13. C. bracteata
Pedicels 1.5 mm long, bibracteolate below the middle with very slender, 4 to
5 mm long bracteoles; calyx-segments nearly free, narrowly-lanceolate,
acuminate, 1 em long, equaling the corolla.............2......--....-- 14. C. radiata
Leaves usually 5-foliolate, varying from 3- to 7-foliolate; leaflets linear to
narrowly: oblanceolate: Ziv .cnesasrstee a dtai ethane = ona atcsec ce cad 15. C. quinquefolia

oY 06. ee ek

“Tae: aA. Se

ee |, ee = eee! eee

60 MERRILL.

1. Crotalaria sessiliflora Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2 (1763) 1004; Benth. in Hook.
Lond. Journ. Bot. 2 (1843) 565; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1876) 73;
F,.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 57; A. Gray Bot. Wilkes U. 8. Explor. Exped. (1854)
390; Vidal Phan. Cuming. Philip. (1885) 107.

Crotalaria pallida Blanco Fl. Filip. (1887) 570 (?), non Dryand.

Crotalaria pumila Blanco 1. c. ed. 2 (1845) 397, ed. 3, 2: 365 (7), non Schrank.

Luzon, Province of Cagayan, (Cuming 1258): District of Bontoc, For. Bur.
16540 Curran & Merritt: Province of Benguet, Williams 1422: Province of Nueva
Ecija, Bur. Sci. 5282 McGregor: Province of Laguna, Wilkes Eapedition, in
U. S. Nat. Herbarium.

Following F.-Villar, the synonyms Crotalaria pallida Blanco, non Dryand.,
and C. pumila Blanco, non Schrank, are placed here. It is, however, impossible
to determine from Blanco’s short description whether or not he had this plant,
but from a knowledge of the region from which he secured his material
(Mandaloyan, near Manila), and from his description, it seems more probable
that he had a depauperate specimen of C. linifolia Linn.

India to southern China and Japan, the Malay Peninsula, Andaman Islands,
and Java. ;

2. Crotalaria calycina Schrank Pl. Rar. Monac. (1819) t¢. 12; DC. Prodr. 2
(1825) 129; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1876) 72; F.-Vill. Nov. App.
(1880) 57; A. Gray Bot. Wilkes U. 8. Explor. Exped. (1854) 390; Vidal Phan.
Cuming. Philip. (1885) 107.

Luzon, Province of Isabela, Bur. Sci. 8099 Ramos: District of Lepanto,
Merrill 4474: Province of Benguet, For. Bur. 15805 Curran, Elmer 6477, Williams
924: Prevince of Pangasinan, Bur. Sei. 4873 Ramos: Province of Bulacan, Yoder
137. Muinporo, Bur. Sci. 1519 Bermejos. MINDANAO, Mrs. Clemens 32, Copeland
361.

india and Ceylon to southern China, Malaya, northern Australia, and tropical
Africa.

3. Crotalaria linifolia Linn. f. Suppl. (1781) 322; DC. Prodr. 2 (1825) 128;
Blanco Fl. Filip. (1837) 570; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1876) 72;
F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 57; Forbes & Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 23 (1886)
151; Vidal Phan. Cuming. Philip. (1885) 107; Schum. & Lauterb. Fl. Deutsch.
Schutzgeb. Siidsee (1901) 350.

Crotalaria stenophylla Vog.. Nov. Act. Nat. Cur. 19 (1843) Suppl. 1:7;
Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. 2 (1843) 568.

Quirosia secunda Blanco Fl. Filip. ed. 2 (1845) 398, ed. 3, 2:366; Naves
l. ec. pl. 268.

Crotalaria formosana Matsum. in Journ. Coll. Sci. Imper. Univ. Tokyo 12
(1900) 395; Matsum. & Hayata 1. c. 22 (1906) 103, tab. 10.

Luzon, Province of Cagayan, Bur. Sci. 7472 Ramos, For, Bur. 16746 Curran:
Province of Benguet, Bur. Sci. 5759 Ramos, Williams 945: Province of Nueva
Vizcaya, Merrill 403: Province of Pangasinan, Bur. Sci. 4901, 4929 Ramos:
Provinee of Tarlac, Merrill 3637: Province of Rizal, Bur. Sci, 1447 Ramos:
Manila, Hallier s. n., Abella 52: Province of Tayabas, For. Bur. 11114 Curran.
MrInpDANAO, Lake Lanao, Mrs. Clemens 742.

India to China and Formosa, south to New Guinea, northern Australia, and
the Caroline Islands.

The Philippine material here referred to Crotalaria linifolia is rather uniform
in its narrow leaves, in this character matching specimens in our herbarium
from Formosa and from the Caroline Islands (Kawakami & Kobayashi 1519;
Volkens 824, 467); this narrow-leaved form was described by Vogel from Phil- -

ee a ee ero a Sy SES Ee)
% < 7 ‘

ENUMERATION OF PHILIPPINE LEGUMINOSAE. 61

ippine material as C. stenophylla, which Bentham ® considered to be distinct from
©. linifolia Linn. f., distinguished from the latter by its narrow leaves, slightly
smaller flowers, and broader upper calyx-lobes. Baker, working with more
abundant material, reduced C. stenophylla to C. linifolia Linn. f., and I have
followed him in this matter. I consider C. formosana Matsum. to be un-
questionably identical with C. stenophylla Vog., and here reduce it with the latter
to C. linifolia Linn. f.

4. Crotalaria albida Heyne ex Roth Nov. Sp. Pl. (1821) 333; Baker in Hook.
f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1876) 71; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 57; Vidal Phan. Cuming.
Philip. (1885) 106, Rev. Pl. Vase. Filip. (1886) 105.

Luzon, Province of Cagayan, Bur. Sci. 7414 Ramos, For. Bur. 16486 Bacani:
District of Bontoc, For. Bur. 16539 Curran & Merritt: Province of Ilocos Norte,
Bur. Sci. 2337 Mearns, For. Bur. 15504 Merritt & Darling: Province of Benguet,
Elmer 6616, Merrill 4406: Province of Pangasinan, Bur. Sci. 4817 Ramos.

India to southern China, Formosa, and the Malay Peninsula.

5. Crotalaria acicularis Ham. in Wall. Cat. (1832) no. 5390; Benth. in
Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. 2 (1843) 476; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1876)
68; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 57.

Crotalaria prostrata Ceron Cat. Pl. Herb. (Manila) (1892) 60, nee Roxb. nec
Rottl.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Merrill 4266, Williams 1419, Elmer 5826:
Province of Rizal, Bur. Sci. 1838 Ramos: without locality, Vidal 2645, Loher
2399, in Herb. Kew. Minpanao, Mrs. Clemens 210.

Bengal to Ava, Tenasserim, and Java; not reported from southern China or
from the Malay Peninsula.

This form has been identified at Kew both as Crotalaria humifusa Grah.
(Merrill 4266), and as C. prostrata Roxb. (Elmer 5826, Loher 2399, Vidal 2645),
but there seems to be a single species represented, which, from the original
descriptions, agrees most closely with C. acicularis Ham. The presence of
acicular stipules on the Philippine material at once excludes the possibility of it
being referable to C. prostrata Roxb., which is described as being without
stipules; the sessile pods, containing about 15 seeds, apparently would place the
specimens with C. acicularis, rather than with C. humifusa, as the latter species
is said to have a short-stalked pod containing but 6 to 8 seeds,

6. Crotalaria ferruginea Grah. in Wall. Cat. (1832) no. 5398; Benth. in
Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. 2 (1843) 476; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1876)
68; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 57; Vidal Phan. Cuming. Philip. (1885) 107.

Crotalaria ferruginea var. major Benth. 1. ¢. 477.

Luzon, Province of Cagayan, For. Bur. 16476, 16480 Bacani: Province of
Benguet, Williams 1410, 1411, For. Bur. 15734 Curran & Merritt, Bur. Sei. 4452
Mearns: Province of Zambales, For. Bur. 5864 Curran: Province of Nueva Viz-
caya, Merrill 319. Mtnpanao, District of Davao, Copeland 590: Province of
Cotabato, Mrs. Clemens s. n.: Lake Lanao, Mrs. Clemens s. n.: Province of Misa-
mis, Cuming 1628 (cotype of the var. major Benth.).

India to China and Formosa, south to the Malay Peninsula and Archipelago.

Both the typical form and the var. major are represented in the material cited
above under this species; the latter apparently intergrades, judging from the
material at present available for comparison.

Crotalaria chinensis Linn. has been reported from the Philippines by Bentham,”

** Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. 2 (1843) 568.
* Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1878) 72.
® Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. 2 (1843) 566.

62 MERRILL.

(Cuming 1604), in which he has been followed by later authors, Baker, F.-Villar,
and Vidal. I have examined the specimen in the Kew Herbarium, and it seems
to be comparable with Merrill 319, cited above. Unfortunately my specimen is
in flower, but identical forms bearing both flowers and fruits, have the latter much
exceeding the calyx, while C. chinensis has a short pod, which is not exserted. It
seems probable that Cuming’s specimen is really referable to C. ferruginea, and
that typical C. chinensis Linn. has not been as yet found in the Philippines.

7. Crotalaria retusa Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 715; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. 1* (1855)
330; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1876) 75; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 57;
Prain ex King in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 66* (1897) 88; Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip.
(1904) 16. i

Luzon, Province of Tayabas, Bur. Sci. 3101 Mearns, For. Bur. 9579 Curran.
PALAWAN, Bur. Sci. 297 Bermejos. GurImMaRAs, For. Bur. 28 Ritchie. NEGROS,
For. Bur, 4272 Everett. MINDANAO, District of Davao, DeVore & Hoover 219,
Williams 2689, Copeland 576.

Native name: Calogcalog (Negros).

Cosmopolitan in the tropies.

8. Crotalaria assamica Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. 2 (1843) 481;
Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1876) 75; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 57; Vidal
Phan. Cuming. Philip. (1885) 107, Rev. Pl. Vasc. Filip. (1886) 105.

Luzon, Province of Abra, Bur, Sci. 7255 Ramos: Province of Bataan, For. Bur.
2021 Borden: Province of Zambales, Hallier s. n.: without locality, (Cuming
1886).

British India.

9. Crotalaria juncea Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 714; DC. Prodr. 2 (1825) 125;
Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1876) 79.

Luzon, Province of Ilocos Norte, Bur. Sci. 7608 Ramos, Bur. Sci. 2287 Mearns:
Manila, Merrill 6233 (cultivated), Cuzner 58 (cultivated).

A native of British India, and there cultivated for its fiber; extending through
Malaya to northern Australia. Apparently spontaneous in northern Luzon. The
sunn hemp.

10. Crotalaria verrucosa Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 715; Baker in Hook. f. Brit. Ind.
2 (1876) 77; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 57; Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sei. 1
(1906) Suppl. 64.

Crotalaria angulosa Lam. Eneyel. 2 (1786) 197; Cav. Ie. 4 (1797) 10, pl. 327.

Phaseolus bulai Blanco FI. Filip. (1837) 572.

Quirosia anceps Blanco |. ¢c. ed. 2 (1845) 398, ed. 3, 2: 367.

Luzon, Province of Bataan, Merrill 3308, Elmer 6741, For. Bur. 2181 Meyer:
Province of Tayabas, For. Bur, 11117 Curran. MINnporo, Merrill 911. MAaspater,
Merrill 3396. Nearos, For. Bur. 5592 Everett. Crpu, Hallier s. n. MINDANAO,
District of Zamboanga, Copeland s. n.

Native names: Gulung-gulung (Negros); calayacai (Mindoro); bulai lava,
ex Blanco.

Widely distributed in the Philippines at low altitudes; tropics of the world.

11. Crotalaria saltiana Andr. Bot. Rep. (1811) ¢. 648; Prain ex King in
Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 66% (1897) 41, 353.

Crotalaria striata DC. Prodr. 2 (1825) 131; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. 11 (1855) 346;
Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1904) 16; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1876) 84.

Panay, Merrill 2414, Yoder 35.

Native names: Gorung-gorung, colung-colung (Panay).

Widely distributed in the tropics of the world.

ENUMERATION OF PHILIPPINE LEGUMINOSAE. 63

\-~

12. Crotalaria Incana Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 716; Mig. FI. Ind. Bat. 1* (1855)
347; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1876) 83; Naves in Blanco FI. Filip. ed.
3, pl. 160; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 58; Vidal Rev. Pl. Vase. Filip. (1886) 104;
Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sei. 3 (1908) Bot. 409,

BABUYANES ISLANDS, Camiguin, Bur. Sci. 4085 Fénix. Wiuzon, Province of
Cagayan, For. Bur. 17103 Curran: Manila, Merrill 20, Cuzner 43, Elmer 5526,
McGregor 56: Province of Rizal, Bur. Sci. 1405 Ramos. Minporo, Bur. Sct.
928 Mangubat, Merrill 1275, 1666.

Native names: Latuc-latucan (Manila); bulailawa (Rizal); bolelaua, potoc-
potocan (Mindoro).

A native of tropical America; now widely distributed in the tropics of the
world; very abundant in waste places about towns in the Philippines.

13. Crotalaria bracteata Roxb. Fl. Ind. 3 (1882) 278; Benth. in Hook. Lond.
Journ. Bot. 2 (1843) 586; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1876) 83; F.-Vill.
Nov. App. (1880) 58; Vidal Phan. Cuming. Philip. (1885) 107, Rev. Pl. Vase.
Filip. (1886) 104.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Merrill 4316, For. Bur, 15707 Merritt & Darling,
Bur. Sci. 5334 Ramos: Province of Pangasinan, (Cuming 1009).

British India, and, according to Baker, the Malay Archipelago; not reported
from the Malay Peninsula.

14. Crotalaria radiata sp. nov.

Herba erecta, ramosa, circiter 40 em alta, omnibus partibus leviter
pilosis; foliis trifoliolatis, stipulis nullis; foliolis parvis, ellipticis vel
obovato-ellipticis, 1 ad 2 em longis, apice late rotundatis, brevissime
apiculatis; racemis axillaribus terminalibusque, circiter 10 cm longis;
pedicellis 1.5 em longis, bibracteolatis; floribus, ut videtur, flavis; calycis
segmentis anguste lanceolatis, 1 em longis, subaequalibus, persistentibus,
radiatis, corollam aequantibus; Jeguminibus junioribus pilosis, anguste
oblongis, stipitatis, acuminatis; seminibus 25 ad 30.

An annual, erect, much branched herb, at least 40 cm high, all parts
sparingly pubescent with scattered, rather soft, whitish hairs, or the
mature leaflets glabrous or nearly so. Branches terete, slender, greenish.
Leaves trifoliolate, the petiole 1.5 to 2 em long; stipules none; leaflets
elliptic to obovate-elliptic, membranaceous, 1 to 2 cm long, about 1 cm
wide, all very shortly petiolulate, the base broadly cuneate, the apex
rounded, very shortly apiculate, when young with scattered hairs on’
both surfaces, when mature glabrous on the upper surface. Racemes
terminal and axillary, about 10 em long; pedicels slender, 1.5 cm long,
each with two setaceous stipules below the middle 4 to 5 mm in length.
Calyx cleft nearly to the base into five narrowly lanceolate, acuminate,
subequal segments, about 10 mm long, 2.5 mm wide, which are persistent
in fruit, slightly accrescent, and radiately disposed, becoming ultimately
quite free. Corolla apparently yellow, as long as the calyx-segments.
Ovary pubescent. Young pods narrowly oblong, 1.5 cm long, pilose,
stipitate, the apex long and slenderly acuminate, straight or somewhat
curved, each containing from 25 to 30 seeds. Mature pods unknown. +

is
oo

ES a ee i!

=}

Pe AO i le ee es gf Gl ‘(ene 3 et Bees re ee i eed
Lee ne ae eee ee ee Se re ee

64 MERRILL.

Luzon, Province of Nueva Vizeaya, Dupax, in agricultural lands near the
river, Bur. Sci. 8244 Ramos, May, 1909.

A species well characterized by its small, trifoliolate leaves, absence of
stipules, its long-pedicelled flowers, each pedicel with a pair of elongated, very
narrow bracteoles below the middle, and more especially by its narrowly
lanceolate, subequal calyx-lobes equal to the corolla in length, which are
persistent, ultimately quite free, and radiately arranged at the base of the pod.

15. Crotalaria quinquefolia Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 716; Baker in Hook. f.
Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1876) 84; Blanco Fl. Filip. (1837) 569, ed. 2 (1845) 397, ed.
3, 2: 365; Naves 1. c. pl. 159; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 58; Vog. Nov. Act.
Acad. Nat. Cur. 19 (1843) Suppl. 1: 9.

Luzon, Province of Cagayan, Bur. Sci. 7888 Ramos: Province of Ilocos Norte,
Bur. Sci. 2315 Mearns: Province of Pampanga, Bolster 39: Province of Rizal,
Guerrero 26, For. Bur. 3297, 3277 Ahern’s collector, Manotok 53: Province of
Tayabas, Gregory 40, Whitford 743, For. Bur. 7470 Reyes. Poriri0, Bur. Sci.
92387 Robinson. CrEBu, Lyon s. n. MINDANAO, Mearns s. n.

Native names: Putucan (Tayabas) ; palpatoc (Union) ; patoc-patocan, bulailaua
(Rizal): catanda, susoi, susosusoyan, balatong-aso, ex Blanco.

Widely distributed in the Philippines at low altitudes, frequent as a rice-
paddy weed; India to the Malay Peninsula and Archipelago,

EXCLUDED SPECIES.

CROTALARIA LABURNIFOLIA Linn.; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 58.

This species was first credited to the Philippines by Baker,” possibly on an
erroneously localized plant of Cuming’s collection. F.-Villar states that he saw
living specimens in Luzon and Panay. The species is not represented by any
extant Philippine material known to me.

CROTALARIA SERICEA Retz.; F.-Vill. 1. ¢. 57. Probably an erroneous identi-
fication for C. retusa Linn. CO. sericea Retz. is not represented by any extant
Philippine material known to me.

33. MEDICAGO Linn.

1. Medicago denticulata Willd. Sp. Pl. 3 (1803) 1414; Baker in Hook. f.
Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1876) 90; Britt. & Br. Ill. Fl. Northern U. 8. 2 (1897) 272,
fig. 2066.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Bur. Sci. 2722, 3473 Mearns.

A species undoubtedly of recent introduction which may or may not persist;
Europe and Asia to China and Japan; naturalized in North America.

MepIcacGo sativa Linn., alfalfa, has been introduced a number of times by the
Philippine Bureau of Agriculture, and has been cultivated in numerous places from
sea level to an altitude of 2,000 m (Pauai, Province of Benguet, Luzon, Merrill
4798). It does not appear to be adapted to conditions in the Philippines and
rapidly dies out.

TRIFOLIUM Linn. Four species of 7'rifolium have been found in the Philippines,
all apparently of recent introduction, either purposely for cultivation as forage
plants, or accidentally in hay. All of them have produced flowers at altitudes
of from 800 to 2,000 m, but it is very doubtful if any of them will persist. 7.
hybridum Linn., “Alsike clover” is represented by Bur. Sci. 4344 Mearns, eultivated
at Pauai, Province of Benguet, Luzon. 7. incarnatum Linn., “crimson clover,”
by Bur. Sci. 8399 McGregor, cultivated at the same place as the preceding. 7.

% Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1876) 84.

ENUMERATION OF PHILIPPINE LEGUMINOSAE. 65
pratense Linn., “red clover,” Merrill 4323, cultivated at Baguio, Province of
Benguet, Luzon, and by an unnumbered specimen collected by Mrs. Clemens at
Camp Keithley, Mindanao. 1. repens Linn., ‘“‘white clover,” Merrill 4319, near
construction camps on the Benguet Road, Province of Benguet, Luzon.

34. INDIGOFERA Linn.

Leaves simple; pods globose, small, 1-seeded (§ SpHAERIDIoPHORA).. 1. J. linifolia
Leaves simple, trifoliolate, or pinnate; pods oblong or linear, seeds several to
many (§ EUINDIGOFERA).
TS@R VES,“ BLIND] Ge cde se cecserss nce ssc tetas oe eect seca pe tcoes cater sae Seggd ets cet ce 2. I. unifoliolata
WSCA VOR LYALOMIO BUG a occigtctadee 1 eee cen eet aa serena aa oe censor 3. 1. trifoliata
Leaves pinnate,
. An erect shrub or tree 3 to 8 m high; calyx shortly toothed; pods ascending
OT-spreadings NOt. Tetexed ee tec ccec ie ota ere ees et enegeseto ee 4, I. zollingeriana
Herbaceous, suffrutescent, or shrubby, less than 1 m high; ealyx deeply
cleft; pods reflexed.
Stems, leaves and inflorescence densely pubescent; pods straight, densely
hirsute with spreading, usually brown hairs................-... 5. I. hirsuta
Glabrous or subglabrous, if at all pubescent, then the hairs short, scattered,
appressed; pods straight or curved.
Racemes elongated, 13 to 20 em long; pods laxly arranged, straight.
6. I. nigrescens
Racemes short, 3 to 5, rarely 10 em in length. :
Pods short, much curved, 1 to 1.5 em long, 6- to 8-seeded; leaves acute
or subacute, acuminate ts). teree 6 2-<- 7. I. suffruticosa
Pods straight, or curved only near the apex, 2 to 3 cm long, 8- to
12-seeded; leaves usually rounded at the apex, acuminate.
8. I. tinetoria
1. Indigofera linifolia Retz. Obs, 4 (1786) 29; DC. Prodr. 2 (1825) 222;
Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1876) 92; Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 1
(1906) Suppl. 195.
Sphaeridiophorum linifolium Desv. Journ. Bot. 3 (1813) 125, t. 6, fig. 35.
Luzon, Province of Ilocos Norte, For, Bur. 15506 Merritt & Darling: Prov-
ince of Benguet, Merrill 4387.
Abyssinia and Afghanistan through India to southern China, the Malay
Archipelago and northern Australia; not reported from the Malay Peninsula.

2. Indigofera unifoliolata sp. nov. § Huindigofera, Simplicifoliae.

Erecta, suffruticosa, circiter 40 em alta, ramis ramulisque tenuibus,
teretibus, adpresse pubescentibus; foliis simplicibus, breviter petiolatis,
anguste oblongis, usque ad 3 cm longis, obtusis, leviter adpresse pubes-
centibus, stipulis nullis; racemis axillaribus, brevibus, congestis, 5- ad
8-floris; leguminibus anguste oblongis, 1 ad 1.5 em longis, reflexis, 4-
angulatis.

An erect perennial from a stout woody root, about 40 cm_ high,
sparingly branched, the stems and branches slender, terete, reddish-
brown, slightly pubescent with short appressed hairs. Leaflet one,
narrowly oblong, 1.5 to 3 cm long, 3 to 5 mm wide, chartaceous, some-
what pubescent with short appressed hairs on both surfaces, the apex

93664——5

.. a

a > | Biss ia.

66 MERRILL.

obtuse, sometimes apiculate, the base acute, the lower surface somewhat
paler than the upper, not glandular; petioles about 2 mm long; stipules
none. Racemes axillary, usually solitary, slightly exceeding the petiole
in length, each with from 5 to 8 densely disposed pinkish flowers.
Flowers about 4 mm long, the calyx-teeth very slenderly acuminate.
Pods few, usually one or two in each raceme, reflexed, narrowly oblong,
straight, acuminate, 10 to 15 mm long, strongly 4-angled, ridged along
one side, about 1.8 mm thick, sparingly pubescent with short appressed
hairs, each containing from 5 to 8 seeds.

Luzon, Province of Rizal, Morong, along the borders of Lake Bay, Bur. Sei.
1411 Ramos, August, 1906.

A species with much the appearance of, and certainly allied to Indigofera
trifoliata Linn., differing from that species in its simple leaves, which are not
at all glandular beneath, and absence of stipules. _

3. Indigofera trifoliata Linn. Amoen. Acad. 4 (1759) 327; Sp. Pl. ed. 2
(1763) 1062; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1876) 96; F.-Vill. Nov. App.
(1880) 58; Vid. Rev. Pl. Vase. Filip. (1886) 106; Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci.
3 (1908) Bot. 411.

BATANES ISLANDS, Sabtan, Bur. Sci. 8724 Féniw. Luzon, Province of Cagayan,
For, Bur. 16487, 16507 Bacani, Bur. Sci. 7878 Ramos: Province of Pangasinan,
Bur. Sci. 4906, 4851 Ramos: Province of Rizal, For. Bur. 3288 Ahern’s collector.

India and Ceylon to southern China, Malaya, and northern Australia; rather
variable in vegetative characters.

4. Indigofera zollingeriana Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. 1+ (1855) 310.

Indigofera tesymanni Mig. |. ¢. (1858) 1083; Prain & Baker in Journ. Bot.
40 (1902) 143; Merr. in Forestry Bureau (Philip.) Bull. 1 (1903) 24; Perk.
Frag. Fl. Philip. (1904) 16.

Indigofera galegoides Vid. Phan. Cuming. Philip. (1885) 107, Rev. Pl. Vase.
Filip. (1886) 105; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 59, non DC.

Indigofera benthamiana Hance in Ann. Sci. Nat. 1V 18 (1862) 219.

BaTANES ISLANDS, Batan, Bur. Sci. 3190 Mearns. Luzon, Province of Ilocos
Norte, For. Bur, 15508 Merritt & Darling: Province of Benguet, Merrill 4416,
Williams 1288: Province of Pangasinan, For. Bur. 8310 Ourran & Merritt:
Province of Rizal, Merrill 5043: Province of Camarines, For. Bur. 10666
Curran, Ahern 234, 235. MINDANAO, Province of Surigao, Ahern 434.

Southern China and Formosa to Cochin-China, the Malay Peninsula and
Archipelago to New Caledonia.

Indigofera zollingeriana Miq., has not only page priority over J. teysmanni,
but the part of the volume containing the description of it antedates the part
containing the description of J. teysmanni by about three years. This is much
the largest of our Philippine species, sometimes reaching a height of about 8 m.
It extends from sealevel to an altitude of at least 1000 m. It differs from all
the other Philippine species in its short calyx-teeth, and in its pods being
pointed forward in the direction of the main axis of the raceme, or more or less
spreading, but not reflexed.

5. Indigofera hirsuta Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 751; DC. Prodr. 2 (1825) 228;
Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. 1* (1855) 304; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1876) 98;
V.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 58; Prain & Baker in Journ. Bot. 40 (1902) 136.

a of ~ en ee Pee,

SNUMERATION OF PHILIPPINE LEGUMINOSAE. 67

Indigofera angustifolia Blanco Fl. Filip. (1837) 596, ed. 2 (1845) 415, ed.
3, 2: 394, non Linn.

Luzon, Province of Cagayan, For. Bur. 18612 Klemme, Bur. Sci. 7802 Ramos:
Province of Abra, Bur. Sci. 7120 Ramos: Province of Benguet, Williams 944,
1417; Province of Pangasinan, Alberto 82: Province of Zambales, For. Bur.
5852 Curran: Province of Rizal, Bur. Sci. 1413 Ramos, Merrill 2718: Manila,
Merrill 3466, Quzner 57. M1npANAo, Lake Lanao, Mrs. Clemens 206.

Native name: Tayom-tayom, tayom-tayoman (Manila).

A weed in waste places at low altitudes, widely distributed in the Philippines;
tropics of the world.

6. Indigofera nigrescens Kurz ex Prain in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 67? (1898)
286; C. B. Robinson in Philip. Journ. Sci. 3 (1908) Bot. 183.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Williams 925, 1413, Bur. Sci. 3462, 4273, 4396,
4458 Mearns, Elmer 6582, Merrill 6395, For. Bur. 16225 Curran, Merritt, &
Zschokke.

Khasia Mountains and southwestern China.

7. Indigofera suffruticosa Mill. Gard. Dict. ed. 8 (1768) no. 2; Prain &
Baker in Journ, Bot. 40 (1902) 137, 138, sub J. anil Linn.

Indigofera anil Linn. Mant. 2 (1771) 272; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. 1% (1855) 307;
F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 58; Vidal Phan. Cuming. Philip. (1885) 107;
Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 3 (1908) Bot. 410; Prain in Journ. As. Soe. Beng.
66? (1897) 81.

Indigofera tinctoria Blanco Fl. Filip. (1837) 591, ed. 2 (1845) 413, ed. 3,
2:393, saltem pro parte, non Linn.

BATANES ISLANDS, Batan, Bur. Sci. 3596 Fénia, BABUYANES ISLANDS, Camiguin,
Bur, Sci. 3965 Fénia; Dalupiri, Bur. Sci. 10116 McGregor. Luzon, Province of
Cagayan, For. Bur. 16465 Bacani, Bur. Sci. 7854 Ramos: Province of Ilocos
Norte, Bur. Sci. 7621 Ramos, For. Bur. 13884, 15528 Merritt & Darling:
Province of Tayabas, Whitford 601, Gregory 66. Munporo, Merrill 872, 1261,
For, Bur, 5477 Merritt, Bur. Sci. 6661 Robinson. Maspatr, Merrill 3403. CEBU,
Barrow 1. GUIMARAS, For. Bur. 27 Ritchie. Panay, Copeland s. n. MINDANAO,
District of Davao, Williams 2753. :

Native names: Tayom, tayung, tayum, tagum in most islands and provinces;
pauay (Batanes Islands). Indigo.

Widely distributed in the Philippines, formerly extensively cultivated for
extraction of indigo. A native of tropical America, now widely distributed in
the tropics of the world. |

8. Indigofera tinctoria Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 751; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. 1? (1855)
306; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1876) 99; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 58;
Prain & Baker in Journ. Bot. 40 (1902) 63.

Indigofera argentea Blanco FI. Filip, ed. 2 (1845) 415, ed. 3, 2: 394 (7?) non
Linn.

Luzon, Province of Pangasinan, For. Bur. 4897 Curran: Province of Camarines,
Ahern 227, Bur. Sci. 6321 Robinson. Cru, Hallier s. n. Mindanao, District
of Davao, DeVore & Hoover 156.

Native names: the same as for the preceding species, also tagung-tagung
(Davao) ; tayong-tayongan (Camarines).

Like the preceding species, formerly cultivated for indigo; widely distributed
in the tropics of the world.

~ i
|

68 MERRILL.

35. PSORALEA Linn.

1. Psoralea badocana Blanco FI. Filip. ed. 2 (1845) 416, ed. 3, 2: 395;
F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 58; Vidal Phan. Cuming. Philip. (1885) 107, Rev. Pl.
Vase. Filip. (1886) 105.

Liparia badocana Blanco FI. Filip. (1837) 597.

Meladenia densiflora Turez. in Bull. Soe. Nat. Mose. 21* (1848) 576.

Luzon, Province of Abra, Bur. Sci. 7240 Ramos: District of Bontoc, Bur. Sci.
7011 Ramos: Province of Ilocos Sur, Cuming 1149: Province of Ilocos Norte,
Bur. Sci. 2234 Mearns: Province of Pangasinan, Bur. Sei. 4907 Ramos. PANAY,
(Cuming 1649).

Endemic.

36. PAROSELA Cav. (Dalea Linn.)

1. Parosela glandulosa (Blanco) comb. nov.

Amorpha glandulosa Blanco FI. Filip. (1837) 555.

Dalea alopecuroides Blanco |. ¢. ed, 2 (1845) 389, ed. 3, 2: 351; F.-Vill. Nov.
App. (1880) 58, non Willd.

Dalea nigra Mart. & Gal. in Bull. Acad. Brux. 10’ (1843) 43; Rolfe in Journ.
Linn. Soc. Bot. 21 (1884) 309; Vidal Phan. Cuming. Philip. (1885) 107, Rev.
Pl. Vase. Filip. (1886) 105; Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1904) 16,

Dalea glandulosa Merr..in Govt. Lab. Publ, (Philip.) 27 (1905) 37, Philip.
Journ. Sci. 1 (1906) Suppl. 64.

Parosela nigra Rose in Contr. U. 8S. Nat. Herb. 10 (1906) 105.

Luzon, Province of Abra, Bur. Sci. 7128 Ramos: Province of Ilocos Norte,
For. Bur, 15546 Merritt & Darling: Province of Benguet, Merrill 4351, For, Bur.
16226 Curran, Merritt, & Zschokke: Province of Union, Hlmer 5601: Province of
Pangasinan, Bur. Sci. 4888 Ramos: Province of Bataan, Whitford s. n.: Province
of Rizal, Bur. Sci. 1844 Ramos, Merrill 1349, Hidalgo 366, Nieva 266,

Native names: Agogo, sampaloc-sampalocan, chaang-parang (Rizal): duran-
parang, camangi, ex Blanco.

A native of tropical America, introduced into the Philippines at an early date,
and now locally very abundant in many localities. First described from Philippine
material.

The reasons for taking up the generic name Parosela for the species generally
known as Dalea are given by Rose, l. c., 8 (1903) 302, and the case is not covered
by the list of nomina conservanda of the Vienna Botanical Congress. In con-
nection with Doctor Rose’s argument, it may be well, perhaps, to call attention
to the fact that Dalea Gaertner (1788), antedates the restoration of the Linnean
Dalea, which was first taken up after the establishment of the binomial system
by Jussieu (1789) followed by Ventenat, Cramer, and Willdenow. According to
strict priority Dalea Gaertner is the oldest name for the plants usually placed in
the genus Microdon Choisy (1823), and as this case is not covered by the list of
nomina conservanda of the Vienna Botanical Congress, then according to the
principle of priority adopted by that Congress, Dalea Gaertn. must displace
Microdon Choisy, and in thus becoming a “valid” genus must of necessity
invalidate the use of the same name for a different genus.

37. TEPHROSIA Pers.

Pods about 8 em long, densely covered with rather long, brown hairs; leaflets
elliptic or narrowly elliptic, 3 to 4 em long............--..:eeeeeeeeee es 1. 7. vestita

Pods 2 to 3.5 em long, gray-puberulent or subglabrous; leaflets less than 2.5 cm
in length,

ENUMERATION OF PHILIPPINE LEGUMINOSAE. ania 035

Racemes elongated, lax, much exceeding the leaves, 10 to 15 em long; pods

BLO 26 SROU OC hice: hn sacde tte rare. ton creer tess Seeerh cesta st crenscluntoseet na stateeses 2. T'. purpurea
Racemes short, congested, less than 5 cm in length.

Leaflets narrowly oblong, 5- to 10-jugate; pods 8- to 10-seeded, usually

densely arranged, their pedicels 2 to 3 mm long................ 3. T. dichotoma
Leaflets obovate or narrowly obovate, 4- or 5-jugate; pods 5- to 8-seeded,
few, laxly arranged, their pedicels 5 to 7 mm long................ 4. T. obovata

l. Tephrosia vestita Vog. in Nov. Act. Acad. Nat. Cur. 19 (1843) Suppl.
1: 15; Rolfe in Journ. Bot. 23 (1885) 212; Forbes & Hemsl. in Journ. Linn, Soc.
Bot. 23 (1886) 158; Vidal Phan. Cuming. Philip. (1885) 107, Rev. Pl. Vasc.
Filip. (1886) 106; Schum. & Lauterb. Fl. Deutsch. Schutzgeb. Siidsee (1901) 353.

MINDANAO, Province of Misamis, Cuming 1621: Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley,
Mrs, Clemens s. n.

Southern China, Java, New Guinea.

y2. Tephrosia purpurea (Linn.) Pers. Syn. Pl. 2 (1807) 329; Baker in Hook.
f. Fl]. Ind. 2 (1876) 112; Trimen Fl. Ceyl. 2 (1894) 31; Prain ex King in Journ.
As. Soc. Beng. 66° (1897) 85.

Cracca purpurea Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 752.

Luzon, Province of Cavite, Bur. Sei. 1315 Mangubat, August, 1906.

This species, as interpreted by most authors, is exceedingly variable, and
includes a number of forms; what I take to be the typical form, that is, the
Ceylon plant, for the type of the species was from that island, seems to extend
from India and Ceylon to southern China, more or less throughout Malaya, to
northern Australia; some authors give its range as the tropics of the world.

3. Tephrosia dichotoma Desy. Ann. Sci. Nat. 9 (1826) 415; Miq. FI. Ind. Bat.
11 (1855) 298.

Tephrosia luzoniensis Vog. Nov. Act. Acad. Nat. Cur. 19 (1843) Suppl. 1: 15;
Mig. 1. e. 299; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 59; Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1904) 17.

Indigofera hirsuta Blanco FI. Filip. (1837) 591, non Linn.

Indigofera senegalensis Blanco 1. ec. ed. 2 (1845) 412, ed. 3, 2: 392; Naves 1. ¢.
pl. 162, non Lam.

Tephrosia piscatoria A, Gray Bot. Wilkes U. S. Explor. Exped. (1854) 407,
quoad pl. Philip., non Pers.

Luzon, Province of Abra, Bur. Sci. 7121 Ramos: Province of Ilocos Norte, For.
Bur. 15545 Merritt & Darling, Bur. Sci. 2296 Mearns: Province of Zambales,
Merrill 327, For. Bur. 5851 Curran: Manila, Merrill 369, Elmer 5535, Millares 58,
Milaor 828: Province of Rizal, Bur. Sci. 1397 Ramos: Province of Laguna,
Williams 2044, Hallier s. n.

This is undoubtedly the form credited to the Philippines by Vidal as
Tephrosia purpurea Pers. It seems, however, to be distinct from that species,
and is well characterized by its short, rather dense racemes, usually densely
arranged pods, and more numerous seeds. The type of J'ephrosia luzoniensis Vog.,
in the Berlin Herbarium, has been examined by me and found to agree with the
specimens above cited. The identification of 7’. dichotoma Desy. is based on the
description, which applies closely, except that the leaflets are described as being
4-jugate, while in the material before me they vary from 5- to 10-jugate.

4. Tephrosia obovata sp. nov. § Reineria, Pinnatae.

Fruticosa, diffusa, 20 ad 40 em alta, ramulis junioribus, subtus foliolis,
inflorescentiisque plus minus adpresse argenteo-pubescentibus; foliis 1.5

* Phan. Cuming. Philip. (1885) 107, Rev. Pl. Vase. Filip. (1886) 106.

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70 MERRILL.

ad 2 em longis; foliolis 4- vel 5-jugatis, obovatis vel anguste obovatis,
apice truncatis vel retusis, apiculatisque, supra glabris, 7 ad 10 mm
longis; racemis terminalibus axillaribusque, paucifloris, folia subaequan-
tibus; folliculis anguste oblongis, puberulis, 2 ad 2.5 cm longis, longe
pedicellatis, seminibus 5 ad 8.

A rather diffuse shrubby plant 20 to 40 cm high, the young branchlets,
under surface of the leaves and inflorescence more or less silvery me
bescent with appressed, short hairs. Stems brown or gray, strongly
lenticellate, glabrous, the branches slender. Leaves 1.5 to 2 cm long, the
leaflets rather crowded, 4- or 5-jugate, obovate or narrowly obovate, 7
to 10 mm long, 5 to 7 mm wide, the apex truncate or retuse, apiculate,
the base acute, the upper surface glabrous, the lower more or less silvery-
pubescent, the petiolules very short; stipules linear, about 2 mm long.
Racemes mostly terminal, about as long as the leaves, silvery-pubescent,
few-flowered. Flowers purplish, about 8 mm long, the calyx-teeth slen-
derly acuminate. Pods 2 to 2.5 cm long, 3 to 4 mm wide, rather densely
puberulent, straight or nearly so, acuminate, flat, each containing from
5 to 8 seeds; pedicels 5 to 7 mm long. :

Luzon, Province of Cagayan (Palaui Island), For. Bur. 16939 Curran,
March, 1909: Province of Ilocos Norte, Bur. Sci. 2341 Mearns, January, Feb-
ruary, 1907. Locally known on Palaui Island as Carcardis.

This species is well characterized by its obovate or narrowly obovate, rather
small, crowded leaflets, its short terminal racemes, and its long-pedicelled pods,
differing from other Philippine forms in these characters. It is manifestly allied
to Tephrosia dichotoma Desv., and also, but less strongly, to 7’. purpurea (L.)
Pers.

As for the generic name, Cracca Linn. (non Benth.), is manifestly the oldest
one, Tephrosia Pers., has, however, been included in the list of nomina con-
servanda of the Vienna Botanical Congress, and is accordingly here retained.

38. MILLETTIA W. & A.

Branchlets brown-pubescent; leaflets 1- or 2-jugate; inflorescence paniculate,
rusty-puberulous, longer than the leaves ...............-.--::scseseeeeees 1. M. longipes
Branchlets glabrous or subglabrous; leaflets 2- to 5-jugate; inflorescence of
simple, glabrous racemes which are usually shorter than the leaves.
Pods up to 22 cm long, 2.5 to 3 cm wide; leaflets 3- or 4-jugate, ey 10 cm
Pa, CHAS: VOUT AORN ann a onan on ceed vmerennenny ongqeeennnnemoraaeanenfedinienen,, Se M. ahernii
Pods less than 15 em in length, and less than 2 em in width.
Leaves 15 to 20 cm long.
Leaflets firmly coriaceous, 3-jugate, blunt-acuminate, 6 to 9 em long.
3. M. canariifolia
Leaflets membranaceous or chartaceous mostly sharp-acuminate.
Leaflets 4- or 5-jugate; flowers 1 em long, the standard entire or only

GEIRGEY CIRTG GTO BOE nnn cies cieseecoeennstnetaneennane 4. M. merrillii
Leaflets 2- or 3-jugate; flowers 2 cm long, the standard strongly cleft
Fo} ee 5. M. cavitensis

Leaves less than 10 em long; Toallata 2- or - 3. -jugate; flowers 1.5 em long, the
standard somewhat cleft at the apex ........0..00.000000.ccecccees 6. M. foaworthyi

ENUMERATION OF PHILIPPINE LEGUMINOSAE. 71

1. Millettia longipes Perk. Frag, Fl. Philip. (1904) 80.

Luzon, Province of Isabela, Malunu, Warburg 12094, 12095, 12112, in Herb.
Berol.

Endemic.

2. Millettia ahernii Merr. & Rolfe in Philip. Journ. Sci. 3 (1908) Bot. 1038.

The type of this species is For. Bur. 3373 Ahern’s collector, Bosoboso, Province
of Rizal, Luzon. I am disposed to refer to it also the following specimens:
Luzon, Province of Ilocos Sur, For. Bur. 5655 Klemme: Province of Rizal, Bur.
Sct. 5221 Ramos. Leyte, For. Bur. 12436 Danao.

The species is manifestly allied to M. merrillii, but differs in its larger pods,
and much larger leaflets which have prominent nerves.

Native names: Baloc, baloc-baloe (Rizal) ; bani (Ilocos).

Endemic.

3. Millettia canariifolia sp. nov.

Arbor glabra circiter 8 m alta; foliis 18 ad 20 cm longis; foliolis
3-jugatis, coriaceis, ovatis vel oblongo-ovatis, usque ad 9 cm longis, in
sicco nitidis, subtus pallidioribus, basi late rotundatis, apice breviter late
acuminatis, nervis utrinque 6 vel 7, vix prominentibus; folliculis usque
ad 13 cm longis, 1.8 cm latis, planis, leviter falcatis, basi angustatis,
apice longe acuminatis.

A glabrous tree about 8 m high. Branches terete, reddish-brown,
lenticellate. Leaves 18 to 20 cm long, odd-pinnate; leaflets 3-jugate,
ovate or oblong-ovate, coriaceous, rather pale and shining when dry, the
lower surface paler than the upper, 6 to 9 cm long, 2 to 4 em wide, the
base rather broad, rounded, the apex shortly and obtusely blunt-acuminate ;
nerves 6 or 7 on each side of the midrib, not distinct, irregular, ahecaiely
anastomosing, the reticulations lax, indistinct; petiolules 5 to 8 mm
long. Flowers unknown. Pods rather woody, flat, narrowly oblong, 9
to 13 cm long, 1.5 to 1.8 cm wide, obscurely wrinkled when dry, not
lenticellate, slightly curved, rather gradually narrowed below, the apex
strongly and slenderly acuminate, the acumen curved, 1 to 1.5 em long.

Luzon, Province of Zambales, Candelaria, Bur. Sci. 4711, 4727 Ramos, December
7, 1907, locally known as Malapatpat.

The leaves, and especially the leaflets, although smaller, are suggestive of
those of Canariuwm luzonicum A. Gray, whence the specific nane.

4, Millettia merrillii Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1904) 81; Merr. in Govt. Lab.
Publ. (Philip.) 29 (1905) 18.

Millettia xylocarpa Naves in Blanco Fl. Filip. ed. 3, ie 79; Vidal Sinopsis
Atlas (1883) t. 41, fig. B, non Miq.

Millettia caerulea ¥.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 59, non Baker.

Luzon, Province of Isabela, Bur. Sci. 8061 Ramos: Province of Cagayan, For.
Bur. 18539 Alvarez: Province of Union, Elmer 6166: Province of Pampanga,
Merrill 1387, 1437, 8831, Topping 482, Villegas 453: Province of Bulacan, For.
Bur. 7194, 7196 Curran: Province of Rizal, Merrill 1633, 2801, 2673, For. Bur.
1147, 2890 Ahern’s collector, Decades Philip. Forest Fl. no. 156 Ahern’s collector,
Bur. Sct. 2178 Ramos, Topping 752. Minvoro, For. Bur. 9821 Merritt.

Native names: Baloc, baloc-baloc (Rizal); bani, malabay (Pampanga).

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An endemic species, common at low altitudes; according to Prain, in lit., very
closely allied to M. decipiens Prain of the Malay Peninsula.
5. Millettia cavitensis sp. nov. § Humillettia.

Arbor glabra circiter 8 m alta; foliis imparipinnatis, usque ad 20 em -
longis; foliolis 2- vel 3-jugatis, ovatis, oblongo-ovatis, vel elliptico-
ovatis, submembranaceis vel chartaceis, basi rotundatis vel subacutis,
apice valde acuminatis, utrinque nitidis; racemis elongatis, foliis sub-
aequilongis, multifloris; floribus atropurpureis, 2 cm longis. .

A glabrous tree about 8 m high. Branches terete, rather slender,
gray or brownish, sometimes lenticellate. Leaves odd-pinnate, 16 to 20
em long. Leaflets 2- or 3-jugate, ovate, oblong-ovate, or elliptic-ovate,
6 to 10 em long, 2 to 4 em wide, submembranaceous or chartaceous,
shining on both surfaces, the base rounded or subacute, the apex rather
strongly and slenderly acuminate; nerves about 5 on each side of the
midrib, somewhat ascending, not prominent, very obscurely anastomosing,
the ultimate reticulations very fine, dense; petiolules 3 to 5 mm long.
Racemes solitary, in the upper axils, about 15 cm long, many-flowered.
Flowers dark-purple, their pedicels slender, 1 to 1.2 em long. Calyx
cup-shaped, truncate, about 6 mm high, 7 to 8 mm in diameter. Standard
somewhat pubescent outside, about 22 mm long, 16 mm wide, broadly
ovate, the apex broad, rather strongly cleft, the base of the lamina with
two cartilaginous callosities 2 mm wide and 1 mm long, the claw stout,
4mm long. Ovary rather distinctly pubescent, containing about 6 ovules.

-Vexillary filament free at the base, then united with the others for about

two-thirds its length. Pods (immature) 10 cm long, 1.5 em wide, flat,
somewhat wrinkled, gradually narrowed toward the base, the apex strongly
acuminate, the acumen curved.

Luzon, Province of Cavite, Maragondong, Merrill 4181, July, 1905, in forested
ravines along a small stream, altitude about 250 m.

Manifestly allied to the preceding species, differing in its less numerous,

larger, more strongly acuminate leaflets, and by having flowers twice as large.
6. Millettia foxworthyi sp. nov. § Eumillettia.

Arbor glabra circiter 15 m alta; foliis imparipinnatis, circiter 8 cm
longis; foliolis 3-jugatis, oblongo-ellipticis, chartaceis, 2 ad 4 cm longis,
acutis vel obscure acuminatis, subtus pallidioribus; racemis axillaribus,
foliis subaequalibus vel brevioribus; floribus circiter 1.5 em longis.

A glabrous tree about 15 m high. Branches reddish-brown, lenti-
cellate. Leaves odd-pinnate, about 8 cm long; leaflets 2- or 3-pinnate,
oblong-elliptic, chartaceous, 2 to 4 cm long, 1.2 to 1.7 em wide, the base
acute or rounded, the apex acute or somewhat acuminate, the lower
surface much paler than the upper, both dull or only slightly shining
when dry; nerves about 5 on each side of the midrib, not distinct, the
reticulations subobsolete; petiolules about 4 mm long. Racemes in the
upper axils, shorter than the leaves, rather many-flowered. Flowers

ENUMERATION OF PHILIPPINE LEGUMINOSAE, 13

light-purple, their pedicels about 8 mm long. Calyx cup-shaped, truncate,
about 4 mm high. Standard elliptic-obovate, about 1.5 cm long, 1.2
cm wide, slightly pubescent outside, the apex rounded, somewhat cleft,
the basal callosities prominent, subcartilaginous, 2.5 to 3 mm wide, 1
mm high, the claw stout, about 2 mm long. Vexillary filament free at
the base, then united with the rest for most of its length. Ovary glabrous,
or with a very few scattered hairs.

PALAWAN, Mount Victoria, Bur. Sci. 740 Foxworthy, March, 1906, along river
banks, altitude about 250 m.

As to the genus, Prain® calls attention to the fact that F. von Mueller has
shown that Millettia is not distinct from Wistaria, and that Otto Kuntze ® has
proposed the adoption of Phaseoloides Mill., in the modified form Phaseolodes,
to include the various species of both Millettia and Wistaria. This is, however,
inadmissible under generally accepted rules, as Miller’s name is pre-Linnean,
dating from 1737, and seems not to have been used in the interval. Araunhia
Raf. (1809), is noted by Prain as the earliest unobjectional name, but this was
excluded by the Vienna Botanical Congress in favor of Wistaria. Small” has
taken up the name Bradlea Adans. (1763), for the American species of Wistaria,
but it seems doubtful if this suggestion will meet with general approval.
Under the Vienna rules, Wistaria Nutt. (1816), which is older than Millettia
W. & A. (1834), would be the proper name for the species now placed in
Millettia, if the two genera are to be combined. Pending a revision of the
entire group, Millettia is retained.

EXCLUDED SPECIES.

MILLETTIA PULCHRA Benth.; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 59,

MILLETTIA SERICEA W. & A.; F.-Vill. 1. c.

MILLETTIA SPLENDENS W. & A.; F.-Vill. 1. ¢.

None of the above species are definitely known from the Philippines, and all
were doubtless admitted on erroneous identifications on the part of F.-Villar.

39. GLIRICIDIA H. B. K.

1. Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) Steud. Nomencl. (1821) 688; Urban Symbol.
Antill. 2 (1900) 288; Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1904) 17; Merr. in Philip. Journ.
Sei. 1 (1906) Suppl. 64. ,

Robinia sepium Jacq. Enum. (1760) 28. ;

Gliricidia maculata H. B. K. Nov. Gen. 6 (1823) 393, im nota, ex Ind. Kew.;

F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 59; Merr. in Forestry Bureau (Philip.) Bull. 1

(1903) 22.

Galedupa pungam Blanco Fl. Filip. (1837) 558, ed. 2 (1845) 390, ed. 3, 2:
352, Naves 1. c. ed.°3, pl. 250, non Gmel.

Millettia ? luzonensis A. Gray Bot. Wilkes U. 8. Explor. Exped. (1854) 456;
Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 3 (1908) Bot. 82.

Millettia splendidissima Vid. Cat. Pl. Prov. Manila (1880) 25, non Bl.

Luzon, Province of Ilocos Norte, Bur. Sci. 2314 Mearns, For. Bur. 14690
Darling: Province of Zambales, Merrill 2913: Province of Laguna, For. Bur.

* Journ, As. Soe. Beng. 66? (1897) 86.
* Rev. Gen. Pl. (1891) 201.
FI, Southeastern U. S. (1903) 612, as Bradleia.

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74 MERRILL.

10089 Curran; Manila, Merrill Decades Philip. Forest I'l. 289: Province of Bataan,
Ahern 767, For. Bur, 2593 Meyer, Merrill 1523: Province of Rizal, For. Bur.
2464 Ahern’s collector: Province of Tayabas, Merrill 1913, For. Bur. 6596 Kobbe.
Minporo, Merrill 894, For. Bur. 8532 Merritt. Patawan, For. Bur. 8607
Ourran, Bur. Sci. 263 Bermejos. Guimaras, For. Bur. 294 Gammill. Bonot,
Bur. Sei. 1237 McGregor. Minpanao, Ahern 309.

Native names: Madre cacao; cacauate, the former of Spanish, the latter of
Mexican origin.

A native of tropical America, introduced into the Philippines in the eighteenth
century, according to F.-Villar, and now cultivated and subspontaneous more or
less throughout the Archipelago; very abundant in many provinces and islands.

40. SESBANIA Scop.

Flowers small, bud straight; annual suffrutescent herbs (§ EUSESBANIA).

Flowers 2 em long; pod twisted, pendulous .................0.:.00-0----+- 1. 8S. rowburghii
Flowers 1 cm long; pod not twisted, usually ascending.............. 2. S. cannabina
Flowers large, 7 to 8 cm long, the buds falcately recurved; pod not twisted,
2 ome 3. 8. grandiflora

1. Sesbania roxburghii Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 4 (1909) Bot. 269.

Aeschynomene paludosa Roxb. Hort. Beng. (1814), nomen, Fl. Ind. 3 (1832)
333, non Sesbania paludosa Jacq.

Ooronilla emerus Blanco Fl. Filip. (1837) 582, non Linn.

Sesbania paludosa Prain in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 66 (1897) 82, 367, non Jacq.

Sesbania cannabina Blanco Fl. Filip. ed. 2 (1845) 418, ed. 3, 2: 400, non Pers.

Sesbania grandiflora Miq. F1. Ind. Bat. 1* (1855) 288, non Pers.

Sesbania cochinchinensis Kurz in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 45° (1876) 271,
non DC.

Sesbania aculeata var. paludosa Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind, 2 (1876) 115,
in part, and excluding the synonym Aeschynomene uliginosa.

Sesbania aculeata F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 59, non Pers.

Luzon, Province of Laguna, Bur. Sci. 6530 Robinson, For, Bur, 10098 Curran,
in shallow water in Lake Bay. ;

Native names: Balacla (Laguna) ; malacaguios, ex Blanco.

Bengal to Burma, southern China, Formosa, and Java.

2. Sesbania cannabina (Retz.) Pers. Syn. 2 (1807) 316; DC. Prodr. 2
(1825) 265; Prain in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 66? (1897) 83, 368.

Aeschynomene cannabina Retz. Obs. 5 (1789) 26.

Agati cannabina Desy. Journ. Bot. 1 (1813) 120.

Sesbania aegyptiaca ¥.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 59; Naves in Blanco FI. Filip.
ed. 3, pl. 405, non Pers.

Sesbania aculeata F.-Vill. 1. c. 59, non Pers.

Sesbania picta Vid. Cat. Pl. Prov. Manila (1880) 26, non Pers.

Luzon, Province of Isabela, Bur. Sci. 8086 Ramos: Province of Llocos Norte,
Bur. Sci. 2233 Mearns, Bur. Sci. 7648 Ramos: Province of Ilocos Sur, For. Bur.
15695 Merritt & Darling: Province of Union, Fénia 2: Province of Pangasinan,
Alberto 28, Bur. Sci. 4850 Ramos: Province of Pampanga, Merrill 1444: Manila,
Burgos 57, McGregor 73: Province of Rizal, Bur. Sci. 1870 Ramos: Province of
Laguna, Hlmer, Hallier s. n. Muinpanao, District of Cotabato, For. Bur. 3988
Hutchinson.

Native names: Rubao (Union); balacbae (Rizal) ; bayacbac-buquit (Pam-
panga).

India to Burma, the Malay Peninsula and Java.

ENUMERATION OF PHILIPPINE LEGUMINOSAE. (0

3. Sesbania grandiflora (Linn.) Pers. Syn. 2 (1807) 316; Blanco FI. Filip.
(1837) 599, ed. 2 (1845) 418, ed. 3, 2: 399; Naves 1. ec. pl. 291; Baker in Hook.
f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1876) 115; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 60; Vidal Sinopsis
Atlas (1883) t. 40, fig. F.; Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1904) 17.

Robinia grandiflora Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 722.

Aeschynomene grandiflora Linn. |. c. ed. 2 (1763) 1060.

Sesban grandiflorus Poir. in Lam. Encycl. 7 (1806) 127.

Agati grandiflora Desy. Journ. Bot. 1 (1813) 120, t. 4, fig. 6; Mig. Fl. Ind.
Bat. 1* (1855) 289; W. F. Wight ex Safford in Contr. U. 8. Nat. Herb. 9 (1905)
175.

Luzon, Province of Cagayan, Bur. Sci. 16464 Bacani: Province of Union,
Elmer 5667: Province of Nueva Vizcaya, Merrill 166: Province of Pangasinan,
For, Bur. 8404 Curran & Merritt, Bur. Sci. 4939 Ramos: Manila, Merrill 647,
Decades Philip. Forest Fl. no. 55, Katigbak 241: Province of Tayabas, For. Bur.
10336 Curran, Merrill 1895. Gutmaras, For. Bur. 98 Ritchie. MINDANAO, Mrs.
Clemens 313, Williams 2694.

Universally known in the Tagalog Provinces as caturay, in the Iocano Prov-
inces as catuday; gawi-gawi (Guimaras).

Widely distributed in the Philippines in and about towns, the flowers eaten
as a salad and cooked as a pot herb; probably not a true native of the Phil-
ippines. Mascarene Islands through India and Malaya to northern Australia;
usually planted.

The name Sesbania is not the oldest one for this genus, and it is not included
in the list of nomina conservanda of the Vienna Botanical Congress. At the risk
of being considered inconsistent, I have, however, retained it for the present
work. Otto Kuntze“ has adopted the generic name Hmerus Burm. (1737) for
all species usually known as Sesbania, but this is inadmissable under all generally
accepted rules. In 1763 Adanson proposed two generic names for the species
now included in Sesbania, the first, having page priority, Sesban, which was later
changed to Sesbania by Scopoli, and the second Agati, which was based on
Robinia grandiflora Linn. The latter name was taken up by Desvaux in 1813,
with four species, A. cannabina Desy., A. coccinea Desv., A. grandiflora Desyv.,
and A. virgata Desy., in which he has been followed by some recent authors.
Small “ considers Sesban and Agati to be generically distinct. If strict priority,
limited by the date 1753, is to be observed, Sesban would then be the proper
generic name, in case a single genus is recognized; if two genera are recognized,
then Sesban would be the proper name for the small-flowered species (§ Huses-
bania), and Agati the proper generic name for the large-flowered species
(§ Agatti),

41. CLIANTHUS Banks & Soland.

1, Clianthus binnendyckianus Kurz in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 40? (1871)
51; Koord. Meded. ’s Lands Plantent. 19 (1908) 429; Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip.
(1904) 20.

MinDANAO, Province of Surigao, Bolster 381: Lake Lanao, Mrs. Clemens 548,
623, s, n.: District of Davao, Williams 2745. Poxttio, Bur. Sci. 10767 M eGregor.

Celebes and (?) Ceram.

The genus has three known species, two belonging in the subgenus Euclianthus,
in Australia, and the above species constituting the subgenus Pseudoclianthus.

* Rev. Gen. Pl. (1891) 180.
“ Fl. Southeastern U. S. (1903) 614.

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76 MERRILL. ;
The generic name Donia G. Don, has page priority over Clianthus, both genera
having been published in the same work; the latter is retained in accordance
with the list of nomina conservanda of the Vienna Botanical Congress.

42. ORMOCARPUM DC.

1. Ormocarpum cochinchinense (Lour.) comb. nov.

Diphaca cochinchinensis Lour. F]. Cochinch. (1790) 454.

Hedysarum sennoides Willd. Sp. Pl. 3 (1800) 1207.

Ormocarpum sennoides DC. Prodr, 2 (1825) 315; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit.
Ind. 2 (1876) 152; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 60; Vidal Rev. Pl. Vase. Filip.
(1886) 106; Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1904) 17.

Luzon, Province of Ilocos Sur, For. Bur. 5631 Klemme: Province of Ilocos
Norte, For, Bur. 138956 Merritt & Darling.

India, Ceylon, tropical Africa; Siam, southern China, Malaya to northern
Australia and Polynesia.

Ormocarpum DC. (1825) is antedated by Diphaca Lour. (1790), so far as
the generic name is concerned, but the former is in the list of nomina conservanda
of the Vienna Botanical Congress, and is here retained, although necessitating a
change in the specific name according to strict priority. Loureiro cites Rumphius’
Herbarium Amboinense, 3 (1743) 200, ¢. 128, but the figure apparently represents
Ormocarpum glabrum T. & B. rather than O. cochinchinense. O. Kuntze® has .
taken up Rumphius’ name Solulus for the species generally known as Ormocarpum,
but this is inadmissable under all generally accepted rules.

43, AESCHYNOMENE Linn.

1, Aeschynomene indica Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 713; Baker in Hook. f. Fl.
Brit. Ind. 2 (1876) 151; Vid. Phan. Cuming. Philip. (1885) 107, Rev. Pl. Vase.
Filip. (1886) 106.

Aeschynomene aspera Vogel in Nov. Act. Acad. Nat. Cur, 19 (1843) Suppl.
1: 26, non Linn.

Aeschynomene roxburghii Spreng.; Llanos Fragm. (1851) 83.

Luzon, Province of Pampanga, Merrill 4235; Manila, Merrill 3410, Hernandez
49: Province of Rizal, Bur. Sci. 1423 Ramos. PortLtio, Bur. Sei. 9024 Robinson.

A common and widely distributed weed in wet lands, rice paddies, etc.; widely
distributed in the tropics, especially in the Old World.

I have seen the Philippine specimen in the Berlin Herbarium determined by
Vogel as A. aspera, and consider it to be rather A. indica.

44. SMITHIA Ait.

Calyx rigid, its veins close, parallel, simple, its lips acute, with few scattered
STR TROWCRS FOUN aise ckigoccccceedinnntinns coe ts saves scctesenesenee 1, S. sensitiva
Calyx membranaceous, its veins sot close and parallel, anastomosing, the upper
lip truneate, very broad, prominently ciliate- -bristly; flowers pale-blue.
2. 8. ciliata
1. Smithia sensitiva Ait. Hort. Kew. 3 (1789) 496; DC. Prodr. 2 (1825)
323; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1876) 148; Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip.
(1904) 18.
Damapana sensitiva O. Kuntze Rev. Gen. Pl. (1891) 179.
Luzon, Province of Benguet, Williams 969, 1277, Bur. Sci. 5533, 5928 Ramos,

“8 Rey. Gen. Pl. (1891) 205.

ed Oty Mle. ana

ENUMERATION OF PHILIPPINE LEGUMINOSAE. Ut
Elmer 6374, Merrill 4393, Bur. Sci. 8764 McGregor: Province of Nueva Vizcaya,
Merrill 111, 296, Bur. Sci. 8227 Ramos: Province of Pangasinan, Alberto 79,
Bur. Sci. 4902, 4895 Ramos. Minpanao, Lake Lanao, Mrs, Clemens 871.

In the Philippines mostly at medium altitudes, usually in damp open places;
tropical Asia and Africa to China and Formosa, Andaman and Nicobar Islands,
and Java.

2. Smithia ciliata Royle Ill. (1839) 201, t. 35, fig. 2; Baker in Hook. f. FI.
Brit. Ind. 2 (1876) 150; C. B. Robinson in Philip. Journ. Sci. 3 (1908) 184.

Damapana ciliata O. Kuntze Rev. Gen. Pl. (1891) 179.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Williams 970, Merrill 4267, Bur. Sci. 5890 Ramos,
Bur, Sct. 2502 Mearns.

In the Philippines growing on dry open slopes in the pine region of northern
Luzon; India, Formosa.

Baker states that this species has yellow flowers, but having noted that the
Philippine specimeng, identified at Kew, and the New York Botanical Garden
as Smithia ciliata, all had blue flowers, I wrote to Doctor Prain asking that the
material be reéxamined, and am indebted to him for the following report made
by Mr. Craib: “Royle in his original description (Illustrations of the Botany
of the Himalayan Mountains, p. 201) says nothing about the color of the corolla.
In a note, however, he says that he is indebted to Mr. W. Saunders for the
drawing published. So it appears that up to the time of publication of the
work quoted, Royle had not himself seen a living specimen of the plant.

“The following is extracted from manuscript notes on the species cover in the
Kew Herbarium: ‘The corolla in this plant varies from bluish to whitey-blue
nearly white, never yellow (as Royle has painted it) copied in the Flora of
British India’ [signed] C. B. Clarke, Oct., 1899.

“The specimen quoted (Merrill 4267) was correctly identified at Kew as
Smithia ciliata Royle.”

The oldest valid generic name is Damapana Adans. (1763), but Smithia Ait.
(1789) is here retained in accordance with the list of nomina conservanda of
the Vienna Botanical Congress.

45. ARACHIS Linn.

l. Arachis hypogza Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 741; Blanco FI. Filip. (1837) 567,
ed. 2 (1845) 396, ed. 3, 2: 363; Naves l. c. pl. 157; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. 14 (1855)
281; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 60.

Luzon, Province of Tarlac, Dizon 364: Province of Pampanga, Feliciano 273:
Province of Rizal, Loher 2409: Province of Tayabas, Merrill 4010.

Commonly cultivated in the Philippines and in tropical and subtemperate
parts of the world. Universally known in the Philippines as mani. The
peanut.

. 46. ZORNIA Gmel.

1. Zornia diphylla (Linn.) Pers. Syn. 2 (1807) 318; Baker in Hook. f. FI.
Brit. Ind. 2 (1876) 147; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 60; Merr. in Philip. Journ.
Sci. 1 (1906) Suppl. 65.

Hedysarum diphyllum Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 747.

Lupinus angustifolius Blanco F]. Filip. (1837) 566, non Linn.

Smithia bigeminata Blanco |. ¢. ed. 2 (1845) 395, ed. 3, 2: 362.

Zornia nuda Vog. in Linnaea 10 (1836) 587.

Luzon, Province of Cagayan, For. Bur. 16609, 16938 Curran: Province of
Abra, Bur. Sci. 7235 Ramos: Province of Benguet, Williams 1421: Province of

.
|
|
.
2
|

78 : MERRILL.

Zambales, For. Bur, 5863 Curran: Province of Bulacan, Yoder 127: Province of
Rizal, Bur. Sci. 1846: Province of Bataan, Merrill 8787, Williams 80.
In open grass-lands at low and medium altitudes in the Philippines; cos-
mopolitan in the tropics.
47. DESMODIUM Desy.

Leaves 3-foliolate.

Pod distinctly divided into several 1-seeded joints which ultimately separate.
Bracts large, orbicular, persistent, foliaceous, inclosing the flowers; an
tells archon di, oe a HE CEES ORR ER RANT. 88 BR 1. D. pulehellum
Bracts very small or none.
Flowers arranged in axillary or panicled umbels; shrubs or small trees.
Umbels axillary; leaflets broad at the apex, round, obtuse or very
obscurely and broadly acuminate.

Leaflets small, 1 to 1.8 em long —...0.2. ete 2. D. ewumingianum
Leaflets ample, mostly 5 to 10 em long ..0.0..2--..2..-.e-- 3. D. umbellatum

Umbels arranged in terminal or axillary panicles; leaflets gradually
narrowed upward to the acuminate or acute apex.
4. D. quinquepetalum
Flowers not umbellate; shrubs or herbs.
Pods not sinuate, the segments indehiscent, 3 to 5 times as long as

broad.
Erect, suffrutescent; leaflets ovate, ample, 7 to 15 em long, acute or
eg IN ho Ratti ol ode Sf a eT 5. D. laxiflorum

Herbaceous, spreading; leaflets small, 2 to 4 em long, or in luxuriant
forms rarely 6 em long, elliptic, obtuse, rounded, or retuse.
6. D. scorpiwrus
Segments of the pods dehiscent or indehiscent, not manifestly longer
than broad, or if so, then deeply sinuate.
Pods not stipitate, the segments indehiscent, as broad as long,
spirally twisted, both sutures deeply indented; herbaceous.
8. D. procumbens
Pods stipitate, the segments longer than broad, the upper suture
straight, the lower very deeply sinuate, the constrictions reaching
nearly to the upper suture; shrubby.
Leaves quite glabrous; pod long exserted, its stipe usually much

longer than the first segment ..0..............qecseeecegeeeeeenee 9. D. lawum
Leaves more or less pubescent; stipe shorter than the first seg-
ment.

Flowers 8 to 10 mm long; pods with 2 to 4 joints... 10. D. sealpe
Flowers 3 to 4 mm long; pods with 1 or 2 joints.
11. D. podocarpum
Pods not stipitate; both sutures slightly indented; calyx-teeth short,
deltoid; shrubs.
Plant rather strongly pubescent; leaflets rhomboid-ovate, repand ;
pod with from 8 to 12 joints ~.0.0.0.2.0.. eee 12. D. sinuatum
Plant only slightly pubescent; leaflets elliptic-oblong, entire; pod
With: SION tart OAC... Semeur et 13. D. bolsteri
Pods not stipitate; upper suture Gtralght, the lower deeply in-
Gonted ; letheenes oo ou..:.tie eee 14. D. malacophyllum
Pods not stipitate, the segments as long as broad, the mpeet suture
straight, the lower slightly sinuate, dehiscent.
Racemes dense in both flower and fruit; shrubby, erect or prostrate
plants.

ENUMERATION OF PHILIPPINE LEGUMINOSAE. ; 79
Leaflets obovate-cuneate, silvery-pubescent beneath; pedicels al-
ways ultimately reflexed; prostrate .............. 15. D. capitatum
Leaflets obovate-oblong or obovate-elliptic; pedicels erect or as-
cending; stems erect —..... oc n.ccc-ceceuee 16. D. heterocarpum
Racemes lax in both flower and fruit; leaflets 1 to 2.5 or 3 em long,
retuse; spreading or ascending herbs.................... 17. D. buergeri

Pods not stipitate, slightly sinuate on both sutures or straight on the
upper; trailing or prostrate herbs with small leaves.
Flowers 1 to 3 in the axils of the leaves, with no common peduncle.
Pedicels shorter than or hardly exceeding the petioles; leaflets
oboyate-cuneate, truncate or emarginate; branches glabres-
OILY «ane ricel fe see mint ey eee eee OS eer ose ee er ayn 20. D. triflorum
Pedicels manifestly exceeding the petioles; leaflets oblong, usually
rounded at the apex; branches pubescent with spreading

ARMGRE Wi cciralsca TRON Tee terete renee arc hte vee eee 21. D. heterophyllum
Flowers in terminal or axillary racemes; leaflets minute, 8 mm
ROTI OU eee oo) castes at 22. D. microphyllum

Pods indistinctly jointed, dehiscing in a continuous line along the lower suture ;
erect undershrubs.
MOC ARLE TOMMY alg icetensyes ict 21st coder ast. ctos x fee vie enviar ta eee tees 23. D. gyrans
Pods copiously pubescemt .... 2... secs eceescesseeneesersnenesseeseseseee 24, D. gyroides
Leaves 1-foliolate.
Petioles winged.
Erect, 1 to 2 m high; leaflet at least three times as long as the petiole; pods
appressed-hirsute 2. .....-.-.e-c-scseceren Eee tte pecncredct deere aee 25. D. triquetrum
Branches prostrate, spreading from the woody root; leaflet about twice as
long as the petiole; pods ciliate on the margins, otherwise glabrous.
26. D. pseudotriquetrum
Petioles not winged.
Segments of the pod 1 to 1.5 em long, many times longer than broad.
7. D. ormocarpoides
Segments of the pod short, not manifestly longer than broad.
Leaflets ovate to oblong-ovate, narrowed to the acute or acuminate apex.
Petioles less than 5 mm long; racemes dense; pods pubescent.
27. D. virgatum
Petioles 1 to 2.5 em long.
Racemes elongated, lax, simple or panicled; pods glabrescent.
28. D. gangeticum
Racemes short, simple; pods pubescent with spreading hairs.
19. D. ovalifolium
Leaflets orbicular to orbicular-ovate, apex broad.
Leaflets not reflexed; racemes elongated, equaling or exceeding the leaves.
29. D. lasiocarpum
Leaflets reflexed; racemes much shorter than the leaves.
18. D. retroflecum
§ PHyYLLopium.

1. Desmodium pulchellum (Linn.) Benth. Fl. Hongk. (1861) 83; Baker in
Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1876) 162; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880). 61; Vidal Rev.
Pl. Vase. Filip. (1886) 107; Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 1 (1906) Suppl. 65.

Hedysarum pulchellum Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 747; Blanco Fl. Filip. (1837) 581.

Zornia pulchella Pers. Syn. 2 (1807) 318.

Dicerma pulchellum DC, Ann. Sci. Nat. I 4 (1825) 236, Prodr. 2 (1825) 339;
Blanco FI. Filip. ed. 2 (1845) 407, ed. 3, 2: 383.

— eS ee se eae ee ee |)6 Sle ee Sl ee

Ee ee ae ee

oo. , MERRILL.

Phyllodium pulchellum Desv. Mém., Soc. Linn, Paris 4 (1826) 324; A. Gray
Bot. Wilkes U. 8. Explor. Exped. (1854) 431; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. 1* (1855) 260.

Meibomia pulchella O. Kuntze Rev. Gen. Pl, (1891) 197.

Luzon, Province of Ilocos Norte, For. Bur, 15524 Merritt & Darling: Province
of Union, For. Bur. 15709 Merritt & Darling: Province of Benguet, Topping 55:
Province of Bataan, Williams 68, Merrill 3310, Copeland 292, For. Bur. 2186
Meyer: Province of Rizal, For. Bur. 1973 Ahern’s collector, Merrill 2710, Decades
Philip. Forest Fl. 252 Ahern’s collector; Province of Batangas, Katigbak 280.
Cunton, Merrill 438. Patawan, Bur. Sci. 201 Bermejos. Minpanao, Mrs.
Clemens 748. BAstnan, DeVore & Hoover 80. ;

Native names: Payang-payang (Rizal) ; calaicai, ex Blanco (Visayan).

Widely distributed in the Philippines, especially at low altitudes; Ceylon and
India to southern China and Formosa, southward through Malaya to New Guinea
and the Bismarck Archipelago.

Desmodium elegans (Lour.) Benth., is said by Hemsley“ to extend from
southern China to Cochin-China, Java, and the Philippines. I have, however,
seen no Philippine specimens that I consider as referable to this species, and the
extension of range of D. elegans to the Archipelago may have been based on an
erroneously identified specimen of D. pulchellwm.

§ DENDROLOBIUM.

2, Desmodium cumingianum (Benth.) Benth. & Hook. f. ex F.-Vill. Nov.
App. (1880) 61; Vidal Phan. Cuming. Philip. (1885) 108, Rev. Pl. Vase. Filip.
(1886) 107.

Dendrolobium cumingianum Benth. Pl. Jungh. (1852) 216; Mig. Fl. Ind, Bat.
1? (1855) 263.

Luzon, Province of Batangas, Cuming 1454.

~» This endemic ‘species has not been rediscovered since Cuming’s time. The
locality is taken from Cuming’s own list at Kew. It is manifestly allied to
D. umbellatum, but at the same time quite distinct from that species.

3. Desmodium umbellatum (Linn.) DC. Prodr. 2 (1825) 325; Baker in
Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1876) 161; Vid. Sinopsis Atlas (1883) ¢. 41, fig. D,
Rev. Pl. Vase. Filip. (1886) 106; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 61.

Hedysarum umbellatum Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 747. :

Aeschynomene arborea Blanco FI. Filip. (1837) 581, ed. 2 (1845) 406, ed. 3,
2: 381.

Dendrolobium umbellatum W. & A. ex Benth. Pl. Jungh, (1852) 216; A. Gray
Bot. Wilkes U. 8. Explor. Exped. (1854) 431; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. 1* (1855) 262.

Meibomia umbellata O. Kuntze Rey. Gen. Pl. (1891) 197.

BATANES ISLANDS, Sabtan, Bur. Sci. 38745 Fénia, Bur. Sci. 10138 McGregor.
BaBUYANES IsLANnps, Camiguin, Bur. Sci. 4115 Fénia, Luzon, Province of
Zambales, Hallier s. n., Merrill 2093: Province of Bataan, For, Bur. 2026 Borden,
Decades Philip. Forest Fl. no. 141 Ahern’s collector: Province of Tayabas,
Gregory 95, For. Bur. 7477 Reyes, Whitford 698, 751: Province of Camarines,
Ahern 222. Mtnvoro, For. Bur. 5396, 9675 Merritt, Merrill 2257. CULION,
Merrill 550. Panawan, For. Bur. 3531, 8777 Curran, Tasias, McGregor 338.
Bouor, Bur. Sci. 1263 McGregor. Ticao, For. Bur. 1058, 2531 Clark. MASBATE,
Merrill 3036. Leyte, For. Bur. 12449 Danao. Minpanao, Mrs. Clemens 1199,
Copeland 625, 1326, Ahern 408, DeVore & Hoover 212. Basttan, For. Bur.
8468 Hutchinson.

44 Journ, Linn. Soc. Bot. 23 (1887) 171.

ENUMERATION OF PHILIPPINE LEGUMINOSAE. 81

Native names: Malacarios (Zambales); nagtan-wrang (Masbate); miagos
(Ticao) ; cabay-cabay (Tayabas).

Along the seashore throughout the Philippines; from the Mascarene Islands
through India, southern China, Malaya, northern Australia and Polynesia.

4. Desmodium quinquepetalum (Blanco) Merr. in Govt. Lab. Publ. (Philip. )
35 (1906) 20.

Cytisus quinquepetalus Blanco FI. Filip. (1837) 598.

Glycine cajanoides Walp. in Noy. Act. Acad. Nat. Cur. 19 (1843) Suppl. 1:
324; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 62.

Cajanus quinquepetalus Blaneo Fl. Filip. ed. 2 (1845) 417, ed. 3, 2: 397.

Desmodium cephalotes F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 61, non Wall.

Luzon, Province of Abra, Bur. Sci. 7256 Ramos: Province of Tlocos Norte,
For, Bur. 13819, 13912, 13960, 15521 Merritt & Darling: Province of Tlocos Sur,
For, Bur, 5259 Klemme: Province of Benguet, For. Bur. 14118 Merritt & Darling,
Williams 930, Bur. Sei. 5573 Ramos: Province of Nueva Ecija, Bur. Sci. 5270
McGregor: Province of Zambales, Bur. Sci. 5122 Ramos, For. Bur. 5808, 6963,
6958 Curran: Province of Pangasinan, Bur. Sci. 4909 Ramos: Province of Pam-
panga, For. Bur, 9613 Zschokke: Province of Bulacan, Yoder 113: Province of
Rizal, For, Bur, 1841, 2154, 3296 Ahern’s collector, Bur. Sci. L498 Ramos. With-
out locality (Vidal 245, 246, 247, 1063; Loher 2368, 2369, 2370) in Herb. Kew.
fide Prain in lit.

Native names: Pangardisan, pangaldisan (locos, Benguet) ; payispis, baquis-
quis (Rizal).

Widely distributed in Luzon at low and medium altitudes in open thickets;
endemic, I have examined the type of Glycine cajanoides Walp. in the Berlin
herbarium and find that it is identical with the above species.

§ ScCoRPIURUS.

5. Desmodium laxiflorum DC. Prodr. 2 (1825) 335; Baker in Hook. f. Fl.
Brit. Ind. 2 (1876) 164; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 61; Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip.
(1904) 18; Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 1 (1906) Suppl. 65.

Desmodium recurvatum Grah. in Wall. Cat. (1832) no. 5717; Benth. PI. Jungh,.
(1852) 225.

Meibomia laxiflora O. Kuntze Rev. Gen. Pl. (1891) 196.

Luzon, Province of Ilocos Sur, For, Bur. 15685 Merritt & Darling: District
of Lepanto, Merrill 4464: Province of Benguet, For. Bur, 14411 Darling, Merrill
4394: Province of Bataan, For. Bur. 2218 Meyer, Williams 269: Province of La-
guna, Hallier s. n., Bur. Sci. 6025, 6090 Robinson: Province of Rizal, Loher 2368,
Merrill 1348, For. Bur. 1976 Ahern’s collector: Province of Bulacan, Yoder 27.
PaLaWAN, Bur, Sci. 239 Bermejos. Ticao, For. Bur, 12556 Rosenbluth. NEGROS,
For, Bur. 5608 Everett. MIxpANnao, For. Bur. 9230 Whitford & Hutchinson.
BASILAN, Hallier s. n.

Native names: Mangquit (Rizal) ; Manquit-labuyo (Laguna).

Widely distributed in the Philippines in thickets and ravines from sea level
to an altitude of at least 1,000 m; India to Formosa, the Malay Peninsula and
Archipelago,

6. Desmodium scorpiurus (Sw.) Desy. Journ. Bot. 1 (1813) #2; DC. Prodr.
2 (1825) 333; Perk. Frag. FI. Philip. (1904) 18; Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci.
1 (1906) Suppl. 65. :

Hedysarum scorpiurus Sw. Prodr. (1788) 107.

Meibomia scorpiurus O. Kuntze Rev. Gen. Pl. (1891) 198.

93664——6

.
'

vx a eee

ee ert

a Nae Se ne ag EN er SE

82 oe MERRILL.

BaraNnes IsLaNnps, Batan, Bur. Sci. 3699 Fénia., Luzon, Province of Locos
Norte, Bur. Sci. 2242, 2253 Mearns: Province of Ilocos Sur, For, Bur, 15692
Merritt & Darling: Province of Union, Elmer 5635: Province of Benguet, Merrill
4274 (luxuriant form): Province of Laguna, Bur. Sci. 6098 Robinson: Province
of Batangas, Marave 164: Manila, Carlos 132, Mayor 54, Merrill 385, McGregor 78 :
Province of Bataan, Merrill 3101, Williams 291. Minporo, Bur. Sci. 6645 Robin-
son. Batapac, Bur. Sci. 418 Mangubat.

Widely distributed in the Philippines at low altitudes along trails, in open
grass lands, thickets, etc.; introduced from tropical America.

In a letter written in 1906, Dr. C. B. Robinson states that a specimen from
Formosa, Henry 1176, in the herbarium of the New York Botanical Garden, is the
same as Williams 291 and Elmer 5635, and that comparison with D. scorpiurus
shows that the American material has consistently narrower leaflets than the
Philippine, which is borne out by the single American specimen here, Sintenis
2971 from Porto Rico.

7. Desmodium ormocarpoides (Desv.) DC. Prodr. 2 (1825) 327; Baker in
Hook. f. Fl. Brit, Ind. 2 (1876) 164; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 61; Vidal Rev.
Pl. Vase. Filip. (1886) 108; Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1904) 18; Merr. in Philip.
Journ. Sei. 2 (1907) Bot. 276.

Hedysarum ormocarpoides Desv. ex DC, 1. ¢. as syn.

Meibomia ormocarpodes O. Kuntze Rev. Gen. Pl. (1891) 198.

Luzon, Province of Tayabas, Whitford 865. Minporo, Merrill 6223. SAMAR,
Merrill 5201. Crnu, Bur. Sci. 1731 McGregor. MINpANAO, Lake Lanao, Mrs.
Clemens 632.

India to the Malay Peninsula and Java.

§$ CHALARIUM.

8. Desmodium procumbens (Mill.) A. S. Hitche. Rept. Mo. Bot. Gard. 4
(1893) 76.

Hedysarum procumbens Mill. Gard. Dict. ed. 8 (1768) no, 10.

Hedysarum spirale Sw. Prodr. (1788) 107.

Desmodium spirale DC. Prodr. 2 (1825) 332; Blanco Fl. Filip. ed. 2. (1845)
408, ed. 3, 2: 385; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1876) 164; F.-Vill. Nov.
App. (1880) 61; Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1904) 19.

Desmodium chamissonis Vog. in Linnaea 10 (1836) 588.

Hippocrepis rhomboidea Blanco Fl. Filip. (1837) 585.

Meibomia chamissonis & M. spiralis O, Kuntze |. c. 197.

Luzon, Province of Ilocos Norte, Bur. Sci. 7623 Ramos: Province of [locos
Sur, For. Bur. 15691 Merritt & Darling: Province of Abra, Bur. Sci. 7129 Ramos:
Provinee of Pangasinan, Bur. Sci. 4877 Ramos: Manila, Merrill 836, Rosario
320.

Widely distributed as a weed in waste places at low altitudes; tropics of the
world, probably a native of tropical America.

§ PoDOCARPIUM.

9. Desmodium laxum DC. Ann. Sci. Nat. I 4 (1825) 102, Prodr. 2 (1825)
336; Prain ex King in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 66° (1897) 138.

Desmodium gardneri Benth. Pl. Jungh. (1852) 226; Baker in Hook. f. Fl, Brit.
Ind. 2 (1876) 165.

Desmodium leptopus A. Gray ex Benth. |. ¢., Bot. Wilkes U. 8S. Explor. Exped.

ae a 2 ee ae ee ee.

ENUMEKATION OF PHILIPPINE LEGUMINOSAE. 83

(1854) 436; Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 3 (1908) Bot. 81, pl. 1; F.-Vill. Nov.
App. (1880) 61; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. 1* (1855) 255.

Meibomia leptopus O. Kuntze Rey. Gen. Pl. (1891) 198.

BABUYANES ISLANDS, Camiguin, Bur, Sci. 4132 Féniw. Luzon, Province of
Benguet, Elmer 6527, Williams 1409, For. Bur. 15913 Bacani: Province of La-
guna, Wilkes Expedition, in U. 8. Nat. Herb.: Province of Nueva Vizcaya, Bur.
Sci. 8199 Ramos: Province of Albay, Bur. Sci. 6473 Robinson. Necros, Bur.
Sci. 1152, 1163 Banks. MINDANAO, Lake Lanao, Mrs. Clemens 84, s. n.: Province
of Misamis, For. Bur. 4768 Mearns & Hutchinson,

India to Indo-China, China, the Malay Peninsula and Archipelago.

The Philippine material seems to have rather shorter articulations to the
pods than has Asiatic material, but I do not consider the differences sufficient to
warrant distinguishing D. leptopus from D, lawwm (D. gardneri Benth.). Dr.
Prain, im lit., has identified Elmer 6527 with D. lawum DC., stating that D.
gardneri Benth. is the same as DeCandolle’s species. For a full description of
D. laxwm DC. see Prain in King’s Materials for a Flora of the Malayan Pen-
insula.”

10. Desmodium scalpe (Comm.) DC. Prodr. 2 (1825) 334; Baker in Hook.
f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1876) 165; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 61.

Hedysarum scalpe Comm. ex DC, 1. ¢. as syn.

Luzon, District of Lepanto, For. Bur. 14493 Darling, For. Bur. 5676 Klemme:
Province of Benguet, Elmer 5914, Merrill 4835, 4830, Williams 1126, Topping 60,
Bur. Sci. 5357 Ramos, For. Bur. 15745 Curran & Merritt, For. Bur. 4937 Curran.

In the Philippines apparently confined to the high tableland of north central
Luzon; Africa, tropical Asia and Malaya.

11. Desmodium podocarpum DC. Ann. Sci. Nat. I 4 (1825) 102, Prodr. 2
(1825) 336; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1876) 165; Forbes & Hemsley
in Journ, Linn. Soc. Bot. 23 (1887) 174.

Meibomia podocarpa O. Kuntze Rev. Gen. Pl. (1891) 198.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Williams 1398, Merrill 4356.

Northern India to China and Japan; not previously reported from the Phil-
ippines.

§ DOoLLINERA.

12. Desmodium sinuatum (Miq.) Bl. ex Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind.
2 (1876) 166.

Desmodium strangulatum var. sinuatum Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. 12 (1855) 255.

Meibomia sinuata O. Kuntze Rev. Gen. Pl. (1891) 198.

Luzon, District of Lepanto, Merrill 4642: Province of Benguet, Topping 61,
Bur. Sei. 5458, 5563, 5791 Ramos, Williams 914, Bur. Sci. 4479, 3518 Mearns,
For, Bur. 5130 Curran, For. Bur. 16034 Curran, Merritt, & Zschokke. MINDANAO,
Mount Apo, DeVore & Hoover 315, 354.

A species confined to high altitudes in the Philippines; India to southern
China and Formosa, through Malaya to New Guinea. Not previously reported
from the Philippines.

13. Desmodium bolsteri Merr. & Rolfe in Philip. Journ. Sci. 3 (1908) Bot.
102.

Luzon, Province of Cagayan, Pefia Blanca, Bolster 181.

Endemic.

* Journ, As. Soc. Beng. 667 (1897) 138.

84 MERRILL.
§ NICHOLSONIA.

14. Desmodium malacophyllum (Link) DC. Prodr, 2 (1825) 338, (mala-
chophyllum) ; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 62.

Hedysarum malacophyllum Link Enum. (1822) 247.

Meibomia malacophylla O, Kuntze Rev. Gen, Pl. (1891) 198.

Luzon, Chamisso in herb. Berol.

This species is only known from the type collection, and it is probable that
Chamisso secured his material somewhere in Cavite Province, Luzon, Ll have
examined the type, but from my notes and the short original description, was
unable to determine with satisfaction the status of the species. Through the
kindness of Dr. I. Urban, | have recently been again able to examine fragments
of the type specimens, loaned to me for the purpose, as well as a sketch of the
fruit made by Doctor Harms. Regarding the species, Doctor Harms, who has
kindly reéxamined the type writes as follows: “Chamisso’s type of Desmodium
malacophyllum DC. in the Berlin Herbarium is entirely different from JD.
lawiflorum DC., a common species described in Hooker’s ‘Flora of British India’
as having ‘not at all or slightly constricted pods,’ whereas in Chamisso’s plant
the pods are deeply indented on one suture, and nearly straight on the other.
The leaflets in D. lawiflorum are acute, and in D. malacophyllum they are obtuse
or subobtuse. D. malacophyllum seems to belong to the group of species included ,
in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. IL between nos. 28 and 32.”

15. Desmodium capitatum (Burm.) DC. Prodr. 2 (1825) 336; Mig. Fl. Ind.
Bat. 1' (1855) 241; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1876) 170; F.-Vill. Nov.
App. (1880) 62; Vid. Phan. Cuming. Philip. (1885) 107; Merr, in Philip. Journ.
Sci. 1 (1906) Suppl. 65.

Hedysarum capitatum Burm. Fl. Ind. (1768) 167, t. 64, fig. 1.

Meibomia capitata O. Kuntze Rev. Gen. Pl. (1891) 195.

Luzon, Province of Pangasinan, Bur. Sci. 4862, 4880 Ramos: Province of
Pampanga, Bolster 43: Province of Bataan, Merrill 1559: Province of Rizal,
Katigbak 225; Province of Cavite, Tirona 252; Province of Laguna, Hallier s. n.
Minporo, For. Bur. 5510, 5528 Merritt, Merrill 6224. Minpanao, District of
Cotabato, Mrs. Clemens 789: District of Davao, Copeland 359, DeVore & Hoover
127, 192. BastLan, Hallier s. n,

Native names: Vanimanihan (Bataan) ; mani-parang, mani-mani (Mindoro).
Ceylon and India to the Malay Peninsula and Archipelago.

16. Desmodium heterocarpum (Linn.) DC. Prodr. 2 (1825) 337; Trimen
Fl. Ceyl. 2 (1894) 53.

Hedysarum heterocarpum Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 747.

Hedysarum polycarpon Poir. in Lam. Eneyel. 6 (1804) 413.

Desmodium polycarpum DC. Prodr. 2 (1825) 334; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit.
Ind. 2 (1876) 171; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 62; Vid. Rev. Pl. Vasc. Filip.
(1886) 107; Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1904) 18; Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 1
(1906) Suppl. 65.

Meibomia heterocarpa O. Kuntze Rev. Gen. Pl. (1891) 196.

Luzon, District of Lepanto, Verrill 4458: Province of Benguet, Williams 9206:
Province of Ilocos Norte, For. Bur. 12499 Merritt & Darling: Province of Nueva
Ecija, Bur. Set. 5269, 5295 McGregor: Province of Bulacan, Yoder 186; Province
of Rizal, Bur. Sci. 1483 Ramos. PorttLo, Bur. Sci. 6879 Robinson. Nraros,
For. Bur, 43818 Everett. Samar, Merrill 5221. Minpanao, Province of Surigao,
Allen 140; Lake Lanao, Mrs. Clemens 368, s. n.

Native names: Mani-mani (Negros) ; manimanihan (Polillo).

a. eae

INUMERATION OF PHILIPPINE LEGUMINOSAE. 85

Widely distributed in the Philippines at low and medium altitudes; tropical
Asia to Japan, Malaya to northern Australia and Polynesia; also in tropical
Africa. i

17. Desmodium buergeri Mig. Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. 3 (1867) 45.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Williams 1400, 1402, Merrill 4374: Province of
Laguna, Hallier s. n. MINDANAO, Lake Lanao, Mrs. Clemens s. n.

This species was placed among the synonyms of Desmodium heterocarpum
(D. polycarpum) by Baker, but the specimens here cited seemed so distinet from
that species that request was made of Dr. J. K. Small for comparison of them
with the collections in the herbarium of the New York Botanical Garden. He
writes that “Williams’ specimens nos. 1400 and 1402 agree exactly with specimens
of D. buergeri from Japan. The latter species seems to be referred to. D. poly-
carpum, but judging from apparently authentic material of D. polycarpum in our
collection, I can not see why the two species are merged.” D. buergeri is manifestly
allied to D. heterocarpum, but differs from the typical forms of that species in
its very diffuse habit, much smaller and differently shaped leaflets, and its lax
racemes,

Japan.

18. Desmodium retroflexum (Linn.) DC. Prodr. 2 (1825) 336; Baker in
Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1876) 170; Forbes & Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soe. Bot.
23 (1887) 176; Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sei. 4 (1909) 267.

Meibomia retrofleca O. Kuntze Rev. Gen. Pl. (1891) 197.

Luzon, Province of Nueva Ecija, Bur, Sci, 5278 McGregor.

Himalayan region to Tenasserim and southern China.

19. Desmodium ovalifolium Wall. Cat. (1832) no. 5730.

Desmodium polycarpum var. ovalifolia, Prain ex King in Journ, As. Soe. Beng.
66° (1897) 141.

Luzon, Province of Bataan, Mount Mariveles, Whitford 227, For. Bur. 3115
Meyer.

Penang and Sumatra.

Doctor Prain, who has identified the above specimens, writes me that he
considers D. ovalifolium to be a good species; it was reduced by Baker to D.
polycarpum DC. (D. heterocarpum (.) DC.).

§ SAGOTIA.

20. Desmodium triflorum (Linn.) DC. Prodr. 2 (1825) 334; Miq. Fl. Ind.
Bat. 1% (1855) 238; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1876) 173; F.-Vill. Nov.
App. (1880) 62; Vid. Rev. Pl. Vase. Filip. (1886) 107; Prain ex King in Journ.
As. Soe. Beng. 66? (1897) 135.

Hedysarum triflorum Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 749.

Hippocrepis humilis Blanco Fl. Filip. (1837) 585.

Desmodium parvifolium Blanco 1. ¢. ed. 2 (1845) 408, ed. 3, 2: 386, non DC.

Meibomia triflora O. Kuntze Rev. Gen. Pl. (1891) 197.

Luzon, Province of Cagayan, Bur. Sci. 7935, 7465 Ramos, For. Bur. 16610
Curran: Province of Benguet, Williams 1278: Province of Bulacan, Yoder 112:
Province of Bataan, Whitford s. n., Williams 263: Manila, Garcia 55, Merrill
384, Elmer 5515, Powttio, Bur, Sci. 10766 McGregor. PANAy, Yoder 7. MIN-
DANAO, Copeland 403, DeVore & Hoover 203.

Widely distributed in the Philippines at low altitudes; tropics of the world.

21, Desmodium heterophyllum (Willd.) DC. Prodr. 2 (1825) 334; Baker
in Hook, f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1876) 173; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 62; Prain ex
King in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 66° (1897) 135,

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86 MERRILL,

Hedysarum heterophyllum Willd. Sp. Pl. 3 (1800) 1201.

Meibomia heterophylla O. Kuntze Rev. Gen. Pl. (1891) 196.

Luzon, Province of Tayabas, Merrill 1964. ,

India to China, Malaya, and the Mascarene Islands.

Prain states that this species is rare in India and common in Malaya; but in
the Philippines typical Desmodium heterophyllum appears to be rare, and D.
triflorum common. I have seen but a single specimen that I consider referable to
D. heterophyllum as construed by Prain.“*

22. Desmodium microphyllum (Thunb.) DC. Prodr. 2 (1825) 337.

Hedysarum microphyllum Thumb. Fl. Jap. (1784) 284.

Desmodium parvifoliwum DC. Ann. Sci. Nat. I 4 (1825) 100, Prodr. 2 (1825)
334; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1876) 174; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 62.

Meibomia microphylla O. Kuntze Rev. Gen. Pl. (1897) 198.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, For. Bur. 15616 Curran, Bur. Sci. 53821 Ramos,
Williams 1395, 1396, Bur. Sci. 4446 Mearns, Merrill 4305, Elmer 5849, For, Bur.
18158 Curran, Merritt, € Zschokke. Minpanao, Lake Lanao, Mrs. Clemens 38.

In the Philippines at medium and higher altitudes; India and Ceylon to China
and Japan, southward through Malaya to New Guinea,

§ PLEUROLOBIUM.

23. Desmodium gyrans (Linn.) DC. Prodr. 2 (1825) 326; Baker in Hook. |
f. Fl, Ind. 2 (1876) 174; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 62; Vid. Rev. Pl. Vase. Filip.
(1886) 107.

Hedysarum gyrans Linn. f. Suppl. (1781) 332.

Meibomia gyrans O. Kuntze Rev. Gen. Pl. (1891) 196,

Luzon, Province of Cagayan, Bur. Sci. 7922 Ramos: Province of Nueva Viz-
caya, Bur. Sci. 8257 Ramos: Province of Benguet, Williams 920, 1407, Merrill
4277.

India to Java and Sumatra, not reported from China or the Malay Peninsula,
but found in Formosa,

24. Desmodium gyroides (Roxb.) DC. Prodr. 2 (1825) 326; Baker in Hook.
f. Fl. Ind. 2 (1876) 175; Prain ex King in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 66’ (1897)
145; Merr. & Rolfe in Philip. Journ. Sci. 3 (1908) Bot. 103.

Hedysarum gyroides Roxb. Hort. Beng. (1814) 57, nomen.

Meibomia gyrodes O. Kuntze Rev. Gen. Pl. (1891) 196.

Mindanao, Lake Lanao, Mrs. Clemens 369.

India to southern China and Formosa southward through Malaya to New
Guinea.

§ PTEROLOMA.

25. Desmodium triquetrum (Linn.) DC. Prodr. 2 (1825) 326; Baker in
Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1876) 163; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 61; Perk. Frag.
Fl. Philip. (1904) 19; Prain ex King in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 66° (1897) 145,
390.

Hedysarum triquetrwm Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 746.

Pteroloma triquetrum Benth. Pl. Jungh. (1852) 220; Miq. FI. Ind. Bat. 1*
(1855) 258.

Meibomia triquetra O. Kuntze Rev. Gen. Pl. (1891) 197.

Curion, Merrill 519, Bur. Sci. 181 Bermejos. A specimen from Rizal Proy-
ince, Luzon, Bur. Sci. 1036 Ramos, is also probably referable here.

“ Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 66? (1897) 135.

ae 6B Wee ele ee

ENUMERATION OF PHILIPPINE LEGUMINOSAE. 87

Mascarene Islands, India, southern China, the Malay Peninsula and Archipel-
ago to New Guinea and northern Australia.

26. Desmodium pseudotriquetrum DC. Ann. Sci. Nat. I 4 (1825) 100, Prodr.
2 (1825) 326.

Desmodium triquetrum subsp. pseudotriquetrum Prain in Journ. As. Soe.
Beng. 66° (1897) 390.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Merrill 4477, Williams 1414.

Northern India and the mountains of Assam.

This species was reduced by Baker to D.. triquetrum DC., but its habit is
entirely different, its leaves much smaller, and its pods glabrous, except for the
ciliate margins. The two specimens cited above appear to be in all respects
typical D. pseudotriquetrum, and I consider the form to be worthy of specific
rank, .

§ HETEROLOMA.

27. Desmodium virgatum Zoll. Nat. Geneesk. Arch. 3 (1846) 58; Prain in
Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 66? (1897) 143, 399; Merr. & Rolfe in Philip. Journ. Sci.
3 (1908) Bot. 103.

Desmodium gangeticum Naves in Blanco FI. Filip. ed. 3, pl. 877, non DC.

Desmodium latifolium var. virgatum Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. 1* (1855) 247.

Luzon, Province of Rizal, Bur. Sci. 4 Foxworthy: Province of Bataan, For. Bur.
2231 Meyer: without locality, Marave 155, Vidal 248 (Herb. Kew), Loher 2348,
2349 (Herb. Kew).

This species was reduced to Desmodium latifolium DC. by Miquel, as a variety,
and later by Baker was merged in the species; it is, however, entirely worthy of
specific rank.

Chittagong to Burma, Perak and Java.

28. Desmodium gangeticum (Linn.) DC. Prodr. 2 (1825) 327; Mig. Fl. Ind.
Bat. 14 (1855) 247; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1876) 168; F.-Vill. Nov.
App. (1880) - 62.

Hedysarum gangeticum Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 746.

Desmodium gangeticum var. neaei DC. Prodr. 2 (1825) 327.

Hippocrepis comosa Blanco FI. Filip. (1837) 584, non Linn.

Desmodium diversifolium Blanco 1. ¢. ed. 2 (1845) 408, ed. 3, 2: 384, non DC.

Meibomia gangetica O. Kuntze Rey. Gen. Pl. (1891) 196.

Luzon, Province of Cagayan, For. Bur. 16767 Curran: Province of Ilocos Norte,
Bur. Sci. 7641 Ramos; Province of Benguet, Williams 1406: Province of Union,
Elmer 5671: Province of Pangasinan, Merrill 2872: Province of Bulacan, Yoder
46: Manila, McGregor 75, Baja 249: Province of Cavite, Bur. Sci. 1300 Mangubat:
Province of Rizal, Bur. Sci. 6146 Robinson: Province of Bataan, Williams 52,
Whitford 406, Elmer 6852, Merrill 3104: Province of Tayabas, Whitford 659,
Gregory 119. Minvoro, Merrill 1269. Panawan, Merrill 849. Guimaras, For.
Bur. 6479 Everett. Bonor, Miss Adams. BAStLtan, DeVore & Hoover 36.

Native names: Manquit (Bataan); payang-payang (Tayabas) ; diquit-diquit
(Pangasinan) ; pega-pega (Basilan).

The variety neaei DC. Prodr. 2 (1825) 327, described from Philippine material,
is not distinct from the species. The type has been kindly examined by Mr. C.
DeCandolle at my request.

Widely distributed in the Philippines at low altitudes; tropical Africa and
Asia to China, through Malaya to northern Australia and Polynesia; introduced
in the West Indies.

|

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88 MERRILL.

29. Desmodium lasiocarpum (Beauy.) DC. Prodr. 2 (1825) 328.

Hedysarum lasiocarpum Beauv. Fl. Oware & Benin 1 (1804) 32, t. 18; Poir. in
Lam. Eneyel. Suppl. 5 (1817) 15.

Hedysarum latifolium Roxb. Hort. Beng. (1814) 57.

Desmodium latifolium DC. Prodr. 2 (1825) 328; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit.
Ind. 2 (1876) 168; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 62, excl. syn. Naves pl. 372; Vidal
Rev. Pl. Vase. Filip. (1886) 107.

Hippocrepis multisiliquosa Blanco Fl. Filip. (1887) 584.

Desmodium gangeticum Blanco |. ¢, ed. 2 (1845) 408, ed. 3, 2: 384, non DC.

Meibomia lasiocarpa O, Kuntze Rey. Gen. Pl. (1891) 196.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, For. Bur. 15915 Bacani, Williams 1405: Province
of Rizal, Bur. Sei. 1833 Ramos, For. Bur. 2008 Ahern’s collector: Province of
Laguna, Hallier s. n. MINDANAO, District of Zamboanga, Merrill 5466. Neraros,
For, Bur, 13720 Curran,

Tropical Africa and Asia to southern China and Formosa, through Malaya to
New Guinea; introduced in the West Indies.

The specimens from Rizal Province sometimes have simple leaves, sometimes
two leaflets, and sometimes three; the additional leaflets, when present, are very
much smaller than the normal single one. The specimens are all manifestly
referable to this species.

The Blancoan synonyms are referred here, and under D. gangeticum, above,
aiter F.-Villar; the descriptions are too imperfect to be absolutely sure of the
correctness of the identifications. ;

DOUBTFUL AND EXCLUDED SPECIES.

DESMODIUM PILOSIUSCULUM DC. Prodr. 2 (1825) 335.

The origin of the material on which this species was based is doubtful.
DeCandolle says “in Philippicis ? (v. s. ex herb, Thibaud.).” Mr. C. DeCandolle
has kindly supplied me with a photograph of the type; it is not matched by
any recently collected Philippine material, nor among the extra-Philippine species
represented in this Herbarium. Mr. C. DeCandolle suggests that the specimen
may have come from America.

DESMODIUM KINGIANUM Prain in Journ, As. Soc. Beng. 66% (1897) 398.

The type of this species was ffom Burma. Usteri“ has reported it from Cebu
and Panay, but I have seen no Philippine specimens that agree with Prain’s
description. The Philippine reference may have been based on erroneously
identified material.

DESMODIUM RENIFORME DC.; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 62.

A species not definitely known from the Philippines. It is reported from India
and Java.

Desmodium Desv. (1813) is antedated by Meibomia Adans. (1763), and
Pleurolobus St. Hil. (1812), but is here retained in accordance with the list of
nomina conservanda of the Vienna Botanical Congress.

48. MONARTHROCARPUS gen. nov.

Calycis tubus brevis; lobi 2 superiores alte connati, 3 inferiores sub-
caudato-acuminati. Corolla ut in Desmodio; vexillum orbiculari-obova-
tum basi angustatum ; alae oblongae, carinae adhaerentes. Stamen vexil-

* Beitr. Ken. Phil. Veg. (1905) 115.

ENUMERATION OF PHILIPPINE LEGUMINOSAE. 89

Jare a basi liberum, caetera connata. Ovarium stipitatum, 1-ovulatum.
Legumen stipitatum, compressum, non articulatum, indehiscens, lanceo-
lato-acinaciforme, acuminatum, reticulatum, monospermum. Semen
estrophiolatum,: anguste oblongum. Frutex parvus, suberectus. Folia
3- vel 1-foliolata, foliolis amplis, basi triplinerviis. Flores parvi, race-
mosi vel rarius paniculati.

Monarthrocarpus securiformis (Benth.) comb. ‘nov.

Desmodium securiforme Benth. Pl. Jungh. (1852) 226; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. 1
(1855) 255; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 62; Vidal Phan. Cuming. Philip. (1885)
108, Rev. Pl. Vasc. Filip. (1886) 108.

An undershrub 20 to 60 em high, erect or slightly scandent, the stem
grayish or brownish, 3 to 4: mm in diameter, glabrous, smooth, simple, or
very rarely with one or two branches, the younger parts densely puber-
ulent. Leaves trifoliolate, the common petiole and rachis 5 to 10 em
long; stipules lanceolate, acuminate, 5 to 7 mm long, striate, puberulent ;
stipels acicular, puberulent, 3 to 5 mm long; leaflets subrhomboid, oblong-
ovate to elliptic-ovate, chartaceous or submembranaceous, glabrous on the
upper surface, the lower somewhat puberulent on the veins and reticula-
tions, the apex rather strongly subcaudate acuminate, the base triangular-
acute, the terminal leaflet equilateral 9 to 20 cm long, 5 to 7.5 em wide,
the lateral ones one-half to two-thirds as large, and somewhat inequi-
lateral at the base, the rachis prolonged 1 to 3 cm beyond the insertion
of the lateral leaflets; nerves prominent on the lower surface, a pair
of opposite or alternate ones leaving the midrib at 5 to 10 mm above
the base and extending to or above the middle of the leaflet, the lateral
nerves above the subbasal pair 4+ or 5 on each side of the midrib, curved-
ascending, ultimately anastomosing, the reticulations distinct, rather
lax; petiolules puberulent, 2 to 4 mm long. Inflorescence terminal, of
simple racemes, or rarely forming a 2- or 3-branched panicle, 10 to
20 cm long, puberulent. Flowers white, about 7 mm long, in pairs, the
bracteoles ovate-lanceolate, strongly acuminate, 1.5 mm long, the pedicels
about 2 mm long. Calyx 3 mm long, puberulent, 2-cleft, the upper lobe
with two minute teeth, the lower divided into three ovate-lanceolate,
strongly caudate-acuminate, 1.5 mm long teeth. Standard orbicular-
obovate, about 6 mm long, 5 mm wide, rounded, base narrowed to the
short claw; wings about 2 mm wide, united to the keel. Vexillary
filament free throughout. Ovary stipitate, lanceolate, narrowed at both
ends, viscid-puberulent, with a single ovule. Pod not articulated, cOm-
pressed, Janceolate-acinaciform, narrowed at both ends, stipitate, the
apex prominently acuminate, somewhat faleate or nearly straight, the
upper suture usually straight, the lower curved, scabrous-puberulent,
indehiscent, strongly reticulate, the pericarp coriaceous, 2 to 3 em long,
4 to 5 mm wide. Seed solitary, brown, glabrous, narrowly oblong,

a.”

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9) MERRILL.

blunt at both ends, straight or slightly curved, about 2 cm long, and 3
mm wide, often thicker in one half than in the other.

Luzon, Province of Laguna, Ouming 576 (type in Herb. Kew.), Elmer 8250,
Alberto s. n. MINDANAO, Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley, Mrs. Clemens 293, s. n.
BASILAN, For. Bur. 3456 Hutchinson. Portio, Bur. Sci. 10761 McGregor.

A sylvan species extending from slightly above sea level to an altitude of at
least 800 m.

Var. monophylia var. nov.

Differt a typo foliis omnibus unifoliolatis.

MINDANAO, District of Davao, Catalonan, Copeland 937, April, 1904, in forests,
altitude 125 m.

This endemic species was originally described by Bentham as Desmodium
securiforme, and placed by him in the section Podocarpium, stating that the
articulations of the pods are usually solitary; a rather complete series of speci-
mens shows that the pods are always reduced to a single joint, and that in
a number of flowers examined, from different specimens, the ovaries never show
traces of more than one joint, or more than one ovule. It has the general
appearance of various species of Desmodium of the section Podocarpium, and
has undoubtedly been derived from the section; it is, however, distinguishable
from all species of Desmodium by its 1-seeded, nonarticulated pods, 1-ovuled
ovaries, and narrowly oblong seeds, and I consider it to be generically distinct.

While Monarthrocarpus may not be distinguished from Desmodium by stronger
characters than some of the sections of that genus, such as Dendrolobium, Phyllo-
diwm, ete., it has been considered expedient to propose for it generic rank, although
logically, it should, perhaps be treated only as a section. As noted in the introduc-
tion to this paper, for purposes of comparison, genera have been retained as
defined by Bentham and Hooker in their Genera Plantarum, or by Taubert in
the Natiirlichen Pflanzenfamilien, and hence I have not followed some recent
botanists in raising various sections or subgenera of Desmodium, Cassia, etc., to
generic rank, although in a number of cases I have no doubt but that some of the
sections or subgenera are worthy of being so treated.

49. PSEUDARTHRIA W. & A.

1, Pseudarthria viscida (Linn.) W. & A. Prodr. (1834) 209; Wight Ie. ¢.
286 ; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1876) 154; Ceron Cat. Pl. Herb. (Manila)
(1892) 62.

Hedysarum viscidum L. Sp. Pl. (1753) 747.

Desmodium viscidum DC. Prodr. 2 (1825) 336.

Desmodium timoriense DC. 1. ¢. 327.

Panay, Yoder 40, Copeland s. n.

India and Ceylon to Timor; not reported from the Malay Peninsula.

Dr. H. Lecomte of the Museum of Natural History, Paris, has kindly compared
-material of Yoder 40 with the type collection of Desmodium timoriense DC., and
informs me that the Philippine material is the same as DeCandolle’s species,
which is here accordingly reduced.

ee ee

ENUMERATION OF PHILIPPINE LEGUMINOSAE. 91

50. PYCNOSPORA R. Br.

1. Pycnospora nervosa (Grah.) W. & A. Prodr. (1834) 197.

Crotalaria ? nervosa Grah. in Wall. Cat. (1832) no. 5428, nomen.

Pycnospora hedysaroides R. Br. ex W. & A. 1. ¢.; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit.
Ind. 2 (1876) 153; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 60; Vid. Rev. Pl. Vase. Filip.
(1886) 108.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Williams 921, 1401. SemeRARA, Merrill 4145.
Cunion, Merrill 681. Mrnpanao, Lake Lanao, Mrs. Clemens s. n.: District of
Davao, Williams 2629, 2951.

India and Ceylon to southern China and Formosa, and northern Australia, but
not as yet reported from the Malay Peninsula or Archipelago.

The earliest specific name for this species is possibly supplied by Flemingia
polysperma Moon Cat. (1824) 54, but the identity of Moon’s species appears to
be doubtful, as it is questionably referred here both by. Wight & Arnott, and by
Trimen. The original use of Crotalaria ? nervosa Grah, is a nomen nudum, and
has no standing, but Pycnospora nervosa was published by Wight & Arnott, and
it is considered that this name has precedence over the more commonly used
P. hedysaroides R. Br., which was mentioned by Wight & Arnott only incidentally.

51. ALYSICARPUS Neck.

Calyx equaling several joints of the pod; pods glabrous, not at all rugose; leaves
linear or lanceolate-linear; racemes slender, 8 to 15 em long.
1. A. bupleurifolius
Calyx equaling the first or second joint of the pod only; pods glabrous or
puberulent, distinctly rugose; leaves various, but never linear or linear-
lanceolate; racemes less than 8 cm long.

Erect or suberect, often 1 m high, the branches sometimes hirsute with long,
seattered, spreading hairs, never puberulent; leaves elliptic to elliptic-
oblong, usually retuse at both ends; racemes lax, pods entirely glabrous.

2. A. vaginalis

Prostrate or spreading, rarely ascending, the branches usually less than 50 cm
long; branchlets minutely puberulent; leaves exceedingly variable, acute,
acuminate, or at least apiculate at the apex, never retuse; racemes dense;

pods puberulent: .............:..cpibeseinmiitigbabeasiocscenocecend 3. A. nummularifolius

1. Alysicarpus bupleurifolius (Linn.) DC. Prodr. 2 (1825) 352; Baker in
Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1876) 158; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. 1* (1855) 232; F.-Vill.
Nov. App. (1880) 61; Vidal Rev. Pl. Vase. Filip. (1886) 108.

Hedysarum bupleurifolium Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 745.

Tetragonolobus simplicifolius Blanco Fl. Filip. ed. 2 (1845) 397, ed. 3, 2:
364 ?

Fabricia bupleurifolia O. Kuntze Rev. Gen. Pl. (1891) 181.

Luzon, Province of Pangasinan, Bur. Sci. 4977 Ramos: Province of Tarlac,
Merrill s. n.: Province of Rizal, Merrill: Manila, McGregor 62. MINDANAO.
District of Davao, Copeland 363, Williams 2988.

India and Ceylon, the Mascarene Islands, to southern China, Java, Timor, and
Polynesia; not reported from the Malay Peninsula.

Tetragonolobus simplicifolius Blanco is referred here with doubt, as the short
description does not apply in all respects; it is perhaps the same as A. tetragono-
lobus Edgw., where it was referred by F.-Villar, but I have seen no Philippine
material at all approaching the latter species, which is definitely known only
from India.

92 MERRILL.

2. Alysicarpus vaginalis (Linn.) DC. Prodr. 2 (1825) 353; Miq. Fl. Ind.
Bat. 1’ (1855) 231; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1876) 158; Trimen FI.
Ceyl. 2 (1894) 44; Prain ex King in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 66? (1897) 132.

Luzon, Province of Ilocos Norte, Bur. Sci, 2302 Mearns: Province of Bataan,
Williams 166: Province of Pangasinan, Bur. Sci. 4866 Ramos: Province of Rizal,
Cuzner 11,

India and Ceylon to the Malay Archipelago; other distribution doubtful on
account of more or less confusion, by various authors, with the next.

3. Alysicarpus nummularifolius (Linn.) DC. Prodr. 2 (1825) 353.

Hedysarum nummularifolium Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 746, in part, exel. FI. Zeyl,
288, which is Indigofera echinata Willd., fide Trimen.

Alyscicarpus vaginalis var. nummularifolius Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. 1* (1855) 232;
Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1878) 158; Prain ex King in Journ. As. Soe.
Beng. 66* (1897) 133.

Fabricia nummulariaefblia O. Kuntze Rev. Gen. Pl. (1891) 181.

BATANES ISLANDS, Sabtan, Bur. Sci. 3735 Fénix, Bur. Sei. 10133 McGregor,
Luzon, Province of Zambales, Merrill 320, 320a: Province of Pampanga, Bolster
48: Province of Bulacan, Yoder 250: Manila, McGregor 71, Merrill 65, 3462,
Santiago 50; Province of Bataan, Elmer 6778, Merrill 3091, Whitford 407,
Williams 59: Province of Rizal, Cuener 12. Minnoro, McGregor 321. PALAWAN,
Bur, Sci, 893 Foxworthy. Barawac, Bur. Sci. 412 Mangubat. Crru, Barrow
14. Nearos, For, Bur, 13717 Curran. PANay, Copeland s. n., Yoder 10. Bowot,
Bur. Sei. 1243 MeGregor. MINvANAO, Lake Lanao, Mrs. Clemens 8, s. n.: District
of Cotabato, Copeland s, n.: District of Zamboanga, Williams 2101. BASILAN,
DeVore & Hoover 37.

Native names: Manimanihan, Manimani (Manila) ; banig-usa (Bataan).

Widely distributed in the Philippines at low altitudes; India and Ceylon to
southern China and Formosa, the Malay Peninsula and Archipelago to Polynesia;
introduced in tropical America.

This was reduced by Miquel as a variety of Alysicarpus vaginalis, in which
he has been followed by later authors. Prain states that the distinguishing
characters are the spreading habit and condensed racemes of nummutlarifolius, and
the ascending stems and lax racemes of vaginalis, and that the leaf characters
depended upon by many botanists are not sufficiently constant; so far as our
material goes, other apparently good characters are the much larger size, retuse
leaves, and glabrous pods of vaginalis, and the smaller size, acute, acuminate or
apiculate leaves, and puberulent pods of nwmmularifolius.

Specimens identified by Perkins “ as A. vaginalis are rather A. nummutarifolius,
as well as those so determined by myself.” The leaves are exceedingly variable,
elliptic, ovate, oblong, and even lanceolate ones being sometimes found on the
same specimen; while on some plants, only elliptic, or ovate, or oblong leaves are
found.

The original Hedysarum nummularifolium Linn. is a mixture, but I consider
that it is typified by the reference to Petiver Gaz. 41, t. 26, f. 4, “Onobrychis
maderaspat. nummulariae folio, ........ ” from which the specific name was taken,
Mr. Oakes Ames has kindly supplied me with a tracing of this figure, and it
unquestionably represents the species as here interpreted. Linnaeus’ first reference
is to “Fl. zeyl. 288,” and the specimen in Hermann’s Herbarium is Indigofera
echinata Willd.”

“Frag. Fl. Philip. (1904) 19.
“This Journal 1 (1906) Suppl. 65; 1. ec. 3 (1908) Bot. 410.
© Trimen FI. Ceyl. 2 (1894) 21.

ENUMERATION OF PHILIPPINE LEGUMINOSAE, 93

52. URARIA Desv.

Stems erect, heads long-cylindric, 10 to 20 cm long; upper leaves 5-9-foliolate,

the leaflets linear-lanceolate .............22..-22:..::2+s::0eeeeeeeeees iA .56 SAME sin 1. U. picta
Stems trailing, heads short, oblong, less than 8 em long; leaves simple and
trifoliolate, the leaflets oblong-rhomboid to elliptic ............ 2. U. lagopodioides

1. Uraria picta (Jacq.) Desv. Journ. Bot. 1 (1813) 123, ¢. 4, fig. 19; DC.
Prodr. 2 (1825) 324; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. 11 (1855) 267; A. Gray Bot. Wilkes
U.S. Explor. Exped. (1854) 430; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 61; Baker in Hook.
f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1876) 155; Vidal Rev. Pl. Vase. Filip. (1886) 108.

Hedysarum pictum Jacq. Coll. 2 (1788) 262; Ie. 3 (1786-93) t. 567.

Luzon, Province of Cagayan, Bur. Sci. 7924 Ramos; Province of Isabela, Bur.
Sci. 8110 Ramos: Province of Nueva Vizcaya, Merrill 393: Province of Benguet,
Williams 1416: Province of Bataan, Merrill 6247. Minvoro, Bur. Sci. 1521
Bermejos. MinpAnao, District of Davao, Williams 2929.

Tropical Africa and Asia to China and Formosa, Malaya to northern Australia ;
introduced in the West Indies.

2. Uraria lagopodioides (Linn.) Don Prodr. Fl. Nepal. (1825) 324; Desv.
Mém. Soe. Linn. Paris 4 (1826) 309; Schum. & Lauterb. Fl. Deutsch. Sehutzgeb.
Siidsee (1901) 358.

Hedysarum lagopodioides Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 1198.

Hedysarum lagopoides Burm. f. Fl. Ind. (1768) 168, t. 58, fig. 2.

Uraria lagopoides DC. Prodr. 2 (1825) 324; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. 1% (1855)
268; A. Gray Bot. Wilkes U. 8. Explor. Exped. (1854) 430; Baker in Hook. f. Fl.
Brit. Ind. 2 (1878) 156; Prain in Journ. As. Soe. Beng. 66° (1897) 131, 380.

Luzon, Province of Cagayan, Bolster 160: Province of Ilocos Norte, For, Bur.
13949 Merritt & Darling: Province of Benguet, Williams 1404: Province of Nueva
Ecija, Merrill 392: Province of Rizal, Cuzner 15, Guerrero 21: Province of
Laguna, Hallier s. n.; Manila, MeGregor 67. Minpvoro, Merrill 888. NrGRos,
For. Bur. 13716 Curran, For. Bur. 11227 Everett. Panay, Yoder 19. Bono r,
Bur. Sci. 1242 McGregor. Minpanao, Lake Lanao, Mrs. Clemens 310, 8s. n.:
District of Davao, Williams 2712, DeVore & Hoover 105, Copeland 369.

Widely distributed in the Philippines in open grass lands, especially at low
and medium altitudes; India and Ceylon to southern China, Formosa, Malaya
to northern Australia. é

The earliest specific name, lagopodioides, is here retained, especially as Prain
states, ]. c. 380, that there is now no longer any doubt as to the identity of
Hedysarum lagopodioides Linn., with Uraria lagopoides (Burm.) DC. Curiously,
Blaneo seems to have overlooked this common species entirely.

53. LOUREA Neck.

Stems erect; leaflets 1, rarely 3, 4 to 6 times as broad as long.. 1. L. vespertilionis
Stems prostrate; leaflets 3, rarely 1, about as broad as long.......- 2. L. reniformis

1. Lourea vespertilionis (Linn. f.) Desv. Journ. Bot. 1 (1813) 122, f¢. 5,
fig. 18; DC. Prodr. 2 (1825) 323; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1876)
154; Forbes & Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 23 (1887) 178; F.-Vill. Nov.
App. (1880) 60.

Hedysarum vespertilionis Linn. f. Suppl. (1781) 331; Blanco FI. Filip. (1837)
581, ed. 2 (1845) 407, ed. 3, 2: 382; Naves l. c. pl. 201.

It is doubtful if this species should be admitted as Philippine, as Blanco states
that he saw only cultivated specimens, and F.-Villar makes the same statement.
I have seen no Philippine material either wild or cultivated. The species is
widely distributed in the tropies of the world.

,
1
A
a

>
i

94 MERRILL.

2. Lourea reniformis (Lour.) DC. Prodr. 2 (1825) 324.

Hedysarum reniforme Lour. Fl. Cochinch. (1790) 447, excl. syn. fide DC.

Hedysarum obcordatum Poir. in Lam. Encyel. 6 (1804) 425.

Lourea obcordata DC. Prodr. 2 (1825) 324; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind.
2 (1876) 154; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 60; Vidal Phan. Cuming. Philip.

(1885) 108, Rev. Pl. Vase. Filip. (1886) 108; Forbes & Hemsl. in Journ. Linn.

Soc. Bot. 23 (1887) 178; Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1904) 20.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Loher 5119, For. Bur. 16227 Curran, Merritt, &
Zschokke; Province of Cagayan, Bur. Sci. 7890 Ramos: Province of Abra, Bur.
Sei, 7245 Ramos.

Burma to southern China, Formosa, the Malay Archipelago to New Guinea
and northern Australia; not reported from the Malay Peninsula.

54. PHYLACIUM Benn.

1. Phylacium bracteosum Benn. Pl. Jav. Rar. (1840) 159, t. 33; Benth. Pl.
Jungh. (1852) 231; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. 1 (1855) 228; A. Gray Bot. Wilkes
U. S. Explor. Exped. (1854) 423; Vidal Rev. Pl. Vase. Filip. (1886) 108; Prain
ex King in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 66? (1897) 129, 387; Merr. in Philip. Journ.
Sei. 1 (1906) Suppl. 65.

Luzon, Province of Ilocos Sur, For. Bur. 14047 Merritt & Darling: Province of
Benguet, For. Bur. 16222 Ourran, Merritt, & Zschokke, Bur. Sci. 3513 Mearns,
Elmer 6051: Province of Tarlac, Merrill 3631: Province of Bulacan, Yoder 158:
Province of Rizal, Merrill 1331: Province of Bataan, Merrill 1563, 3777, Bur. Sci.
1893 Foxworthy, For. Bur, 2734 Borden, Elmer 6701, Copeland 295: Province of
Tayabas, For. Bur. 9655 Curran. Muinporo, For. Bur. 11373, 11422 Merritt,
McGregor 136. Nroros, For. Bur, 11225 Everett. MINDANAO, District of Davao,
Williams 2080, Copeland 644.

Widely distributed in the Philippines, in the thickets at low and medium allti-
tudes; Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Java, Amboina, the Bismarck Archipelago and
New Guinea,

Native names: Malasincamas (Bataan) ; papuraena (Rizal) ; taquilis (Ne-
gros).

55. LESPEDEZA Michx.

1, Lespedeza juncea Pers. var. sericea (Thunb.) Forbes & Hemsl. in Journ.
Linn. Soc. Bot. 23 (1887) 181; Merr. & Rolfe in Philip. Journ. Sci. 3 (1908) 104.

Hedysarum sericeum Thunb. Fl. Jap. (1784) 287.

Lespedeza sericea Miq. Ann. Mus. Ludg.-Bat. 3 (1867) 49.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Loher 2336, Williams 1420: District of Bontoe,
Bur. Sci. 5991 Ramos. :

In the Philippines apparently confined to the high tableland of north central
Luzon; northern India to China, Formosa, and Japan, also in Australia.

[To be continued.]

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AN ENUMERATION OF PHILIPPINE LEGUMINOSAE WITH
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(Concluded. )

By E. D. MERRILL.

(From the Botanical Section of the Biological Laboratory, Bureau of Science,
Manila, P. I.)

56. DALBERGIA Linn. f.

Pod thin and flattened except opposite the seeds, straight or nearly so.
Thin parts of the pod distinctly reticulate, submembranaceous or slightly
coriaceous; leaflets small, mostly less than 7 mm wide.

Leaflets distinctly oblique at the base, trapezoid-oblong, 5 to 7 mm wide.
1. D. pinnata
Leaflets equal or subequal at the base, linear-oblong, less than 4 mm wide.
2. D. polyphylla
Thin parts of the pod not or very obscurely reticulate, firmly coriaceous ;
leaflets medium, mostly 1 to 2 cm. wide.
Scandent; the portion of the pod opposite the seeds ‘sharply defined, swollen ;
seeds orbicular ............ wR a Fat 3. D. ferruginea
An erect tree; the portion of the pod opposite the seeds usually not sharply
defined, not or but slightly swollen; seeds oblong or ovate-oblong.
E : 4. D. minahassae
Pod uniformly thickened throughout the valves, the upper suture curved or fal-
eate, at least when young.
_Seandent; pod flattened, the upper suture concave when ripe; leaflets obovate
or obovate-oblong; flowers in short, congested panicles.

<

\

5. D. candenatensis

An erect tree; pod turgid, the upper suture straight or nearly so when ripe;

leaflets elliptic to elliptic-ovate, narrowed towards the apex; inflorescence

of rather lax, CYMose pOxPiO Risser tte see concen ence .---nn0ee-e- 6. D. cumingii
95495 ; 95

my eee he eee ees yr EG Re ee, Se NG AV Jali pee | ee ee, YS _ bn r. ee en en

96 : MERRILL.

1. Dalbergia pinnata (Lour.) Prain in Ann. Bot. Gard. Caleutta 107 (1904)
48.

Derris pinnata Lour. Fl. Cochinch. (1790) 432.

Dalbergia tamarindifolia Roxb. Hort. Beng. (1814) 53, nomen, Fl. Ind. 3
(1832) 233, pro parte; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1878) 234; F,-Vill.
Nov. App. (1880) 67; Vidal Rev. Pl. Vase. Filip. (1886) 111; Perk. Frag. FI.
Philip. (1904) 82; Prain in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 66° (1897) 117, 70% (1901)
49, Ann. Bot. Gard. Caleutta 10* (1904) 69, pl. 48.

Endespermum scandens Blume Cat. Gew. Buitenzorg (1823) 92, Flora 8 (1825)
132, non Dalbergia scandens Roxb.

Luzon, Province of Zambales, Bur. Sci. 2529 Foxworthy: Province of Rizal,
Merrill 1772, Por. Bur. 458, 1169 Ahern’s collector, Bur. Sci. 1887 Ramos, Decades
Philip. Forest Fl. no. 159 Ahern’s collector. Minporo, MeGregor 244, For. Bur.
12004 Merritt. PALAWAN, Merrill 699. MINDANAO, Lake Lanao, Mrs. Clemens
615. a

Widely distributed in the Philippines, extending from sea level to an altitude
of at least 800 m; Himalayan region to Burma, southern China, Indo-China, the
Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Java, and Borneo.

Var. badia var. nov.
A typo differt foliolis in sicco brunneis, nitidis, supra glabris, coriaceis.

Luzon, Province of Tayabas, Pitogo, For. Bur. 9649 Curran, in thickets along
the seashore.

At first sight this form appears to be quite distinct from the species, but the
differences are apparently mainly in the color of the dried leaves, which are
dark-brown, glabrous above, and strongly shining; the fruits are apparently
identical with those of the typical form.

Derris pinnata Lour. has been reduced by various authors to Dalbergia tamarin-
difolia Roxb., but the reduction was not accepted by Dr. Prain in his monograph
of the Asiatic species of Dalbergia, because Loureiro described the leaflets as
glabrous. At my request Mr. E. G. Baker has kindly looked up Loureiro’s type
specimen, preserved in the herbarium of the British Museum, and has supplied
me with sketches of the flower and a single leaflet. Mr. Baker writes as follows:
“The leaflets are not glabrous as stated by Loureiro, but are strigose-pubescent
beneath; the lobes of the calyx are short and might almost be described as
subequal; the bracteoles are roundish and 2 mm long; the ale are very similar
to those figured by Colonel Prain, in his monograph, of D. tamarindifolia Roxb.,
and the keel is also subsimilar. It appears to me that without question it is very
closely allied indeed, if not identical with D. tamarindifolia Roxb.”

After studying the material available here, with reference to Loureiro’s deserip-
tion and the data supplied by Mr. Baker, I am convinced that Derris pinnata
Lour. is specifically identical with Dalbergia tamarindifolia Roxb., and the
oldest specific name is hence adopted.

2. Dalbergia polyphylla Benth. Pl. Jungh. (1852) 256, pro parte, Journ.
Linn. Soe. Bot. 4 (1860) Suppl. 44, pro parte; Miquel Fl. Ind. Bat. 1* (1855)
132; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 67; Vidal Rev. Pl. Vase. Filip. (1886) 112;
Prain in Journ, As. Soe. Beng. 707 (1901) 48, Ann. Bot. Gard. Caleutta 10!
(1904) 70, pl. 49. .

Luzon, Province of Ilocos Sur, Cuming 1164 in Herb. Kew.: Province of Rizal,
For. Bur. 2962 Ahern’s collector: Province of Bataan, Whitford s. n.

Endemic.

Ene | eek, Ohad Se | ye 7 OY ee Se ee ee,

ENUMERATION OF PHILIPPINE LEGUMINOSAE. 97

3. Dalbergia ferruginea Roxb. Hort. Beng. (1814) 98, nomen, FI. Ind. 3
(1832) 228; Benth. Pl. Jungh. (1852) 256; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. 1* (1855) 133;
Prain in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 707 (1901) 55, Ann. Bot. Gard. Calcutta 10°
(1904) 101, pl. 86; Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1904) 81; Merr. in Philip. Journ.
Sei. 1 (1906) Suppl. 65.

Dalbergia luzonensis Vog, Nov. Act. Acad. Nat. Cur. 19 (1843) Suppl. 1:33;
Migq. Fl. Ind. Bat. 17% (1855) 133.

Dalbergia limonensis Benth. Pl. Jungh. (1852) 256, sphalm.

Dalbergia stipulacea ¥.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 67; Vid. Sinopsis Atlas (1883)
t. 40, fig. C, Rev. Pl. Vase. Filip. (1886) 111, non Roxb.

BATANES ISLANDS, Sabtan, Bur. Sct. 10137 McGregor, Bur. Sci, 3739 Féniz.
Luzon, Province of Isabela, Bur. Sci. 8038 Ramos: Province of Zambales, Hallier
s. n.:; Province of Pampanga, Merrill 1380: Province of Bulacan, For. Bur. 7202
Curran: Province of Laguna, Elmer, Alberto: Province of Bataan, Whitford 90,
Leiberg 6028, Williams 480, Merrill 2493: Province of Rizal, Merrill 2694, 1693,
Guerrero 25, For. Bur. 2887 Ahern’s collector: Province of Tayabas, Merrill 2421,
2436, Bur. Sci. 2995 Mearns. Minporo, Merrill 2205. MinpANnao, Province of
Surigao, Ahern 632: District of Davao, Williams 2855,

Native names: Culie manoc (Pampanga); guipus-quipus (Surigao); mala-
malungoyon (Bataan); balibagan (Panay), ex Vidal.

Widely distributed in the Philippines at low altitudes; Borneo to Buru, Cele-
bes, New Guinea and the Caroline Islands.

4. Dalbergia minahassae Koord. Meded. s’ Lands Plantent. 19 (1898) 430,
630; Prain in Ann. Bot. Gard. Caleutta 10* (1904) 91, pl. 73.

Luzon, Province of Bulacan, For, Bur, 11189 Aguilar: Province of Rizal, For.
Bur. 408 Ahern’s collector, Bur. Sci. 959, 4633 Ramos: Province of Bataan, Bur.
Sci. 1899 Foxworthy, For. Bur. 12951 Alvarez, For. Bur, 5773 Curran: Province
of Tayabas, Whitford 985. Mrnporo, For. Bur. 8822, 8846, 9746, 11445 Merritt.

Native names: Balabagan, baiaugan (Mindoro); malacagios (Rizal).

Celebes.

I am not at all sure that all the specimens cited above are really referable
to this species, or whether two or three very closely allied forms are represented.
Most of the specimens are described by the collectors as trees, but one or two
are indicated as scandent. I consider this to be the most probable identification
of Amerimnon mimosella Blanco, the type of which came from Tala, a locality
,hear the boundary between the Provinces of Bulacan and Rizal.

5. Dalbergia candenatensis (Dennst.) Prain in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 70?
(1901) 49, Bengal Plants (1903) 411.

Cassia candenatensis Dennst. Schl. zum Hort. Malabar. (1818) 32.

Dalbergia monosperma Dalz. in Hook, Journ. Bot. and Kew Miscel. 2 (1850)
36; Benth. Pl. Jungh. (1852) 256; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1876)
337; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 67; Vidal Rev. Pl. Vasc. Filip. (1886) 112;
Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1904) 82.

Dalbergia torta Grah. in Wall. Cat. (1832) no. 5873; Prain in Journ. As.

Soc. Beng. 66° (1897) 120, Ann. Bot. Gard. Calcutta 10° (1904) 64, pl. 42;;

Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 1 (1906) Suppl. 66.

Luzon, Province of Bataan, Whitford s. n.: Province of Tayabas, Whitford
582. Mrtnporo, Merrill 1260. Necros, For. Bur. 7323 Everett. Crpu, Bur. Sci.
1716 McGregor.

India to southern China, the Malay Peninsula and Archipelago to northern
Australia, the Caroline Islands, and Polynesia.

eats, * he, ee ee, a, eg ee ee ee i +” eae a
ar Die | hte ¥ ? F

98 MERRILL.

6. Dalbergia cumingiana Benth. Pl. Jungh. (1852) 255; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat.
1* (1855) 129; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 67; Vid. Phan. Cuming. Philip. (1885)
42, Rev. Pl. Vase. Filip. (1886) 111; Prain in Journ, As. Soe. Beng. 70* (1901)
63, Ann, Bot. Gard. Caleutta 10° (1904) 34, pl. 7; Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip.
(1904) 81.

Dalbergia cumingii Benth. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 4 (1860) Suppl. 32.

Luzon, Province of Cagayan, Bur, Sci. 7790 Ramos, For. Bur, 18603 Klemme:
Province of Ilocos Norte, Cuming 1244 (cotype): Province of Tayabas, Whitford
TOL, Gregory 94, For. Bur. 6687 Kobbe: Province of Camarines, Mor. Bur. 10777,
12254, 12255 Curran. Neeros, For. Bur. 5617 Everett. Leyte, Elmer 7154.
MINDANAO, Province of Surigao, Long s. n.: Lake Lanao, Mrs, Clemens s. n. A
form from Balabaec Island, Bur. Sci. 406 Mangubat, with lax panicles and more
distinetly veined leaves may also be referable here.

Native names: Carvilan (Camarines) ; tahid-labuyo (Tayabas) ; cannae (Ca-
gayan).

Endemic.

DOUBTFUL AND EXCLUDED SPECIES.

DALBERGIA MIMOSELLA (Blanco) Prain in Ann, Bot. Gard. Caleutta 107
(1904) 42.

Amerimnon mimosella Blanco FI. Filip. (1837) 568, ed. 2 (1845) 393, ed. 3,
2:357.

Dalbergia lanceolaria F.-Vill. Novy. App. (1880) 67, non Linn.

This species is known only from Blanco’s imperfect description, and I have
suggested above that it is the same as Dalbergia minahassae Koord., although
Blanco’s description is not entirely in accord with the characters of that species.
The material on which it was based came from Tala, near the boundary between
the Provinces of Rizal and Bulacan, Luzon, and according to Blanco is there
known as macapil. Careful collecting in that locality, with especial reference to
the native name, may serve to determine the identity of the species, but until
such material is secured I do not think that the species should seriously be
considered.

DALBERGIA CASSIOIDES Wall.; A. Gray Bot. Wilkes U. 8S. Explor. Exped. (1854)
457; Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sei. 3 (1908) Bot. 82.

The Philippine record is based on a sterile specimen collected at Caldera,
Mindanao, and is manifestly an erroneous identification. I have examined the
specimen, which is preserved in the U. S. National Herbarium, and think it is
probably a form of D. ferruginea Roxb. D. cassioides Wall. is a synonym of
D, stipulacea Roxb., a species that is not known from the Philippines.

DALBERGIA ZOLLINGERIANA Mig. (=D. parviflora Roxb.) ; F.-Vill. Nov. App.
(1880) 67. Not represented by any extant botanical material frem the Philip-
pines.

DALBERGIA DiscoLor Blume; F.-Vill. 1. ¢. A species at present known only
from Borneo and Celebes; not represented by any extant Philippine material.

DALBERGIA SPINOSA Roxb.; F.-Vill. 1. ec. A species of India and Indo-China;
not definitely known from the Philippines.

DALBERGIA VOLUBILIS Llanos in Mem.° Acad. Ciene. Madr. 3 (1858) 502;
F.-Vill. 1. ¢. 67, non Roxb. Unidentifiable.

DALBERGIA LANCEOLARIA Llanos 1. ¢.; F.-Vill. 1. ¢., non Linn. Unidentifiable;
probably a species of Derris.

According to strict rules of priority the name Dalbergia is untenable for this
genus as several proposed ones are older. O. Kuntze has adopted the generic
appellation Amerimnon P. Br. (1756), and transferred to it all the species of
Dalbergia known to him. Dalbergia Linn, f. (1781) is here retained in ac-
cordance with the list of nomina conservanda of the Vienna Botanical Congress.

ENUMERATION OF PHILIPPINE LEGUMINOSAE, 99
57. PTEROCARPUS Linn.

Seed-bearing portion of the pod thickly beset with elongated slender spines.
1. P. echinatus
Pod without spines, glabrous or pubescent.

Pods usually less than 5 cm in diameter...............-c..csscss---cooseeorerses 2. P. indicus
Pods 6 to 8 em in diameter.................2-2..---c-ceeeecececeeceeseneeeeeeeeseeceseeeeeeee Be P. blancoi

1. Pterocarpus echinatus Pers. Syn. 2 (1807) 277; Prain Stray Leaves
from Indian Forests 10, with Ind. Forest. 26 (1900); Merr. in Govt. Lab. Publ.
(Philip.) 17 (1904) 20.

Echinodiscus echinatus Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. 17 (1855) 137.

Pterocarpus erinaceus F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 68; Vidal Sinopsis Atlas
(1883) t. 40, fig. B, non Poir.

Pterocarpus vidalianus Rolfe in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 21 (1884) 309; Vidal
Rev. Pl. Vase. Filip. (1886) 112; Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1904) 20.

Pterocarpus klemmei Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 1 (1906) Suppl. 198,

Luzon, Province of Cagayan, For. Bur, 4275, 5249, 7086 Klemme, For. Bur.
17127 Curran: Province of Ilocos Norte, For. Bur. 13859 Merritt & Darling:
Province of Ilocos Sur, For. Bur. 5662 Klemme; Province of Bulacan, For, Bur,
720? Curran: Province of Laguna, For. Bur, 8053 Curran & Merritt: Province
of Tayabas, Merrill 1016, 2597, 2050, For, Bur, 10747 Curran, Hagger s. n.:
Province of Camarines, For. Bur. 14334 Aguilar, For. Bur. 10633, 10729 Curran.
Minporo, For. Bur, 9895 Merritt.

Celebes, Selayer.

In spite of the apparent difference between the fruits of this and the next
species, the two are so closely allied that I have been unable to find any constant
characters by which sterile or flowering specimens can be distinguished, and
accordingly a number of flowering specimens which doubtless belong in part to
the present species, are cited below, although probably they for the greater part
belong to the next, which is the more common and widely distributed one in
the Philippines. The specimens cited above are all with fruit.

Two specimens in the herbarium of the Bureau of Science show some steps of
intergradation between P. echinatus and P. indicus; the first (For. Bur, 10425
Curran, Camarines Province, Luzon), presents the pods with numerous, very
short spines, less than 1 mm long, on most of the pods, but with other pods
with no traces of these short spines; the second (For. Bur, 7050 Klemme, Cagayan
Province, Luzon) presents pods for most part entirely smooth, but 3 or 4 of
the 15 on the specimen have each from two to five spines in all respects similar
to those of P. echinatus.

Pterocarpus klemmei is here reduced to P. echinatus, as 1 am convinced that
the type of the former is only a specimen of the latter species with very im-
mature pods.

Flowering specimens, in part doubtless referable to the above species, but
probably for the greater part belonging to the following one:

Luzon, Province of Cagayan, For. Bur. 16956, 17190 Curran, For, Bur, 11289
Klemme, For. Bur. 18488, 18521 Alvarez: Province of Tayabas, lor, Bur, 370
Bath, Merrill 2592, 1984, 2044, For. Bur. GOGT Kobbe, For. Bur. 6629 Reyes,
For. Bur. 10293 Curran. Minpnoro, Merrill 2231, Whitford 1473, For. Bur.
3675, 6729 Merritt. PALAWAN, Por. Bur. 3840 Curran, For. Bur, 7441 Manalo.
BaLaBac, Bur. Sci. 891 Mangubat. Samar, For, Bur, 15063 Rosenbluth, Leyte,
For. Bur. 12632 Rosenbluth. MixpdANnao, Province of Surigao, Bolster 234:
Leke Lanao, Mrs. Clemens 288.

~~ ae ee

100 MERRILL.

In addition to the above material, there are about 40 additional sheets,
consisting of leaf specimens only, in the herbarium of the Bureau, which are
not cited here. This material comes from many different localities from northern
Luzon to southern Mindanao, and is apparently all referable to either P. echinatus
or to P. indicus.

2. Pterocarpus indicus Willd. Sp. Pl. 3 (1800) 904; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. 11
(1855) 135; Baker in Hook, f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1876) 238, in part; F.-Vill. Noy.
App. (1880) 67; Vidal Sinopsis Atlas (1883) ¢. 40, fig. A; Prain in Journ. As.
Soc. Beng. 66* (1897) 123, Stray Leaves from Indian Forests 7, with Ind.
Forest. 26 (1900).

Pterocarpus pallidus Blanco Fl. Filip. (1837) 560, ed. 2 (1845) 391, ed. 3,
2:355; Naves 1. c. pl. 205.

BABUYANES ISLANDS, Camiguin, Bur. Sci. 3976 Fénia: Luzon, Province of
Pangasinan, For, Bur, 8315 Curran & Merritt: Manila, For. Bur, 19017 Curran
(cult.) : Province of Camarines, For. Bur. 10681 Curran: Province of Sorsogon,
For, Bur. 10517 Curran. Muinporo, For. Bur. 9741, 4102, 8655, 5376 Merritt,
Merrill 2580, Bur. Sci. 1543 Bermejos. Masparr, Merrill 2620, For. Bur. 1002
Clark, Whitford 1688. ‘Ticao, For. Bur. 1019 Clark. Leyre, Elmer 7126.
Neeros, For. Bur. 12421 Danao. MInpAnao, District of Zamboanga, For. Bur.
9346 Whitford & Hutchinson: Province of Surigao, Bolster 328: Province of
Misamis, Alga 1.

Tenasserim to southern China, the Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Java, Celebes,
New Guinea and the Caroline Islands.

As was the case with Pterocarpus echinatus Pers., only specimens with fruits
have been here cited; most of the flowering specimens cited above probably belong
with P. indicus.

This species and the above yield the valuable timber known in the Philip-
pines as narra, which is very similar to the padouk of India. The most usual
native names are asana, naga, and narra, and are applied indiscriminately to
all three species here recognized; other native names are: odias (Pangasinan) ;
nala (Abra); taga (Cagayan); balawning (Mindoro) ; daitanag, ex Blanco.

3. Pterocarpus blancoi Merr. in Govt. Lab. Publ. (Philip.) 6 (1904) 7.

Pterocarpus santalinus Blanco FI, Filip. (1837) 561, ed. 2 (1845) 392, ed.
3, 2:356; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 67, non Linn.

Luzon, Province of Union, Elmer 5690: Province of Tarlac, Merrill 2881:
Province of Nueva Ecija, For. Bur. 11054 Saroca: Province of Bulacan, For.
Bur, 7203 Curran: Province of Rizal, Merrill 2809, Bur. Sci. 987 Ramos, Decades
Philip. For. Fl. no. 208 Ramos.

The same native names are applied to this as to the preceding species; in
Pampanga it is known as apalit.

Endemic; apparently closely allied to P. papuanus F. Muell. of New Guinea.

Pterocarpus blancoi is perhaps not specifically distinct from P. indicus; it is
characterized by its much larger pods (6 to 8 cm in diameter), while P. indicus,
at least the typical form, usually has pods 5 cm or less in diameter; some
forms cited above under P. indicus have at least some pods 6 cm in diameter ;
as a rule the leaflets of P. blancoi are relatively narrower and more acuminate
than are those of P. indicus, but these characters are not entirely constant.

EXCLUDED SPECIES.

PTEROCARPUS FLAVUS Lour.: F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 67.

Probably an erroneous identification, on the part of F.-Villar, for some form
of Pterocarpus indicus. Loureiro’s species is not a Pterocarpus, but is Pongamia
mitis (L.) Merr. (P. glabra Vent.).

Ar Ye. Pn te

La ala +

ENUMERATION OF PHILIPPINE LEGUMINOSAE. 101

58. PONGAMIA Vent.

1. Pongamia mitis (Linn.) comb. nov.

Robinia mitis Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2 (1763) 1044. .

Cytisus pinnatus Linn. 1. ¢. ed. 1 (1753) 741, saltem pro parte (excl. Pluk.
phyt. 104. f. 3).

Galedupa indica Lam. Encycl. 2 (1786) 594 (excl. syn. Caju galedupa Rumph.).

Dalbergia arborea Willd. Sp. Pl. (1800) 901.

Pongamia glabra Vent. Jard. Malm. 1 (1803) ¢. 28; Baker in Hook. f. Fl.
Brit. Ind. 2 (1876) 240; Prain in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 667 (1897) 94, 456;
F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 68; Vidal Sinopsis Atlas (1883) ¢. 41, fig. C, Rev. Pl.
Vase. Filip. (1886) 113.

Galedupa maculata Blanco Fl. Filip. (1837) 559, ed. 2 (1845) 390, ed. 3 2:
353; Naves 1. c. pl. 417.

Galedupa pinnata Taub, in Engl. & Prantl. Nat. Pflanzenfam. 3° (1891) 344.

Luzon, Province of Cagayan, For. Bur, 18454 Alvarez: Province of Zambales,
Hallier s. n.: Province of Bataan, Merrill 1510, For. Bur. 5299 Curran: Province
of Tayabas, For. Bur. 10199 Curran, Merrill 1001, 2586, Whitford 745, 916:
Province of Camarines, For. Bur. 10768 Ourran, Ahern 46, 206. PortLio, Bur.
Sci. 9089 Robinson, Bur. Sci. 10762 McGregor. Patawan, Bur. Sci. 613
Foxworthy, For. Bur, 3773 Curran, Bur. Sci. 304 Bermejos. Ttcao, For. Bur.
1038 Clark. Panay, Copeland s. n. Necros, For, Bur. 5614 Everett, For. Bur.
12418 Danao. Crsu, For. Bur. 6430 Espinosa, TINAGO, Ahern 420. DINAGAT,
Ahern 496. MInpANAO, District of Zamboanga, For. Bur. 12356 Hutchinson,
For. Bur. 9200, 9151 Whitford & Hutchinson: District of Davao, DeVore &
Hoover 286, Copeland 1327, Williams 2787: Province of Surigao, Bolster 398.
BasiLan, For. Bur. 3469 Hutchinson,

There is some doubt as to the earliest specific name for this species. Robinia
mitis Linn. (1763) was based in part on Cytisus pinnatus Linn., of the first
edition of the “Species Plantarum,” but in his consideration of Robinia mitis,
Linneus excluded the first reference, given in the first edition under Cytisus
pinnatus, Pluk. phyt. 104. f. 3. I have been unable to check this reference to
Plukenet, and consider it safer to adopt the second name proposed by Linneus.
B. Daydon Jackson, Esq., secretary of the Linnean Society, has kindly examined
the specimen in the Linnean herbarium labeled by Linnwus Robinia mitis, and
informs me that it an undoubted specimen of the plant usually named Pongamia
glabra, consisting of a flowering branch in a young state, with a_ single
detached pod. /

The material cited above includes the typical form, with medium-sized leaflets
and flowers, and also apparently the form described by Zollinger & Moritzi as
Pongamia grandifolia, with larger leaflets and larger flowers. I find, as Prain
has already noted, a great number of intergrading forms, and do not think that
the latter can be distinguished by any constant character or set of characters.
Among the numerous specimens cited above, Ahern 420 is apparently typical
P. grandifolia Zoll, & Mor.

Var. xerocarpa (Hassk.) comb. nov.

Pongamia werocarpa Hassk. Retz. ed nov. 208.

Pongamia glabra var. werocarpa Prain ex King in Journ, As. Soe. Beng. 66°
(1897) 95.

Luzon, Province of Union, Elmer 5695: Province of Pangasinan, Bur. Sci.
4966 Ramos: Province of Pampanga, Merrill 1368: Province of Zambales, Merrill
2921: Province of Bataan, Ahern 776, For. Bur. 2044 Borden, For. Bur. 1424
Ahern’s collector: Province of Tayabas, Merrill 2036, For. Bur. 12803 Rosenbluth. .
Minporo, For. Bur. 8645 Merritt.

we eS a eer ee eS eee A eee \ eer ee ee Oe
i “ ee

102 MERRILL.

This variety differs from the typical form, as noted by Prain, in its more
numerous (usually 7 to 9, rarely 5) leaflets, which are much smaller than in
the type, mostly less than 3 em wide.

The species extends along the seashores of the Mascarene Islands to India,
southern China, Malaya, to northern Australia, and Polynesia; the var. awerocarpa
extends from Ceylon to Sumatra, and the Malay Peninsula.

Native names: Balic-balic (Manila, Tayabas) ; bayoc-bayoe (Dinagat, Tinago) ;
baloc-baloc (Tayabas, Negros, Palawan) ; balot-balot (Camarines) ; maroc-baroc
(Camarines, Ticao) ; balu-balu (Basilan) ; baoc-baoc (Cebu) ; bani (Tayabas,
Bataan, Pangasinan, Pampanga, Zambales) ; baney (Cagayan).

The name bani seems to be more generally applied to the var. werocarpa,
which is apparently mostly found at a greater or less distance inland and away
from the direct influence of salt water; the typical form is usually found close
to the beach.

The generic name Pongamia Vent. (1803) is here retained in accordance with
the list of nomina conservanda of the Vienna Botanical Congress. The earliest
name is Pongam Adans. (1763), which was altered to Pungamia by Lamarck —
(1797), and to Pongamia by Ventenant (1803). O. Kuntze has adopted the
generic appellation Cajum, adapted from Caju galedupa of Rumphius (1741),
while Lamarck (1786), proposed the generic name Galedupa, also from Rumphius,
and which has been adopted by Taubert in the “Natiirlichen Pflanzenfamilien.” ¥
The case is fully diseussed by Prain,® with especial reference to the objections to
the use of the generic name Galedupa.

59. DERRIS Lour.

Standard not callose at the base.
Vexillary filament free throughout; flowers single, in ample thyrsoid panicles
with nodes neither tumid nor produced into stalks (§ AGANOPE).
Pod winged only along the upper suture, and siruate between the seeds;

ROT REN: TOATEY 1.5 CW DORI espns cepiorvespcns<sevsusivchactdemchabe 1. D. diadelpha”
Pod winged down both sutures, not sinuate between the seeds; corolla 1 em
NINE SBIR ,..0,earcansl Boeeeteniin ett: ccsin cal ccokcionsdccsics. IE lee 2. D. thyrsiflora

Vexillary filament united with the others, at least in the middle of the tube;
flowers fascicled on tumid nodes that are sometimes produced into stalks.
Pod winged along the upper suture.
Pod narrowly oblong to lanceolate, less than 1.5 em wide, narrowed at
both ends, many times longer than broad. (Unknown in D. polyantha),
(§ BrRAcHYPTERUM).

Leaflets distinctly retuse at the rather blunt apex, scarcely acuminate,
up to 13 em long; racemes very densely flowered, the rachis densely :
a ee en ee ae MT ve

Leaflets acute or acuminate, or if retuse then less than 7 em long and
distinctly acuminate.

Pods densely ferruginous-pubescent; an erect tree or shrub. ;
4. D. cumingiiY
Pods glabrous or nearly so; scandent shrubs.
Leaflets 3 to 7 em long, the somewhat acuminate apex usually retuse.
5. D. scandens
Leaflets 10 to 13 em long, rather distinctly subeaudate-acuminate, the
a ee | a Le ae RSE: 6. D. philippinensis

® Journ, As. Soc. Beng. 667 (1907) 96, 456.

is: alae

ENUMERATION OF PHILIPPINE LEGUMINOSAE, 103

Pod suborbieular or shortly and broadly oblong, 2.5 to 3 em wide, never

more than twice as long as wide, subtruncate at both ends (§ EupERRIsS).
Leaflets 10 to 18 em long, stipellate; pod slightly pubescent.

7. D. elegans

Leaflets rarely exceeding 10 or 12 em in length, usually shorter, exstipel-

late; pod glabrous. A littoral species........................ 8. D. trifoliata

Pod distinctly winged along both sutures. (Unknown in D. mindorensis) ;

(§ DIPTERODERRIS).

Leaflets glabrous; pod broadly oblong, about 2 em wide........ 9. D. micans
Leaflets somewhat ferruginous-pubescent..........-.....----.------- 10. D. mindorensis
Standard with two auriculate callosities at the base of the limb (§ PARADERRIS).
All parts of the plant glabrous. ................---.:c1:csccescceeseeeeeeeeee eset ll. D. Vianoides

Young branches, leaves, and inflorescence densely ferruginous-pubescent.

12. D. elliptica

1. Derris diadelpha (Blanco) comb. nov.

Pterocarpus diadelphus Blanco F], Filip. (1837) 563, ed. 2 (1845) 393, ed. 3,
2: 357.

Pongamia sinuata Wall. Cat. (1832) no. 5911, nomen.

Derris sinuata Thwaites Enum. Pl. Zeyl. (1859) 93; Benth. in Journ. Linn.
Soc. Bot. 4 (1860) Suppl. 113; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1878) 246;
F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 68; Prain ex King in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 66 * (1897
98; Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1904) 84; Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 1 (1
Suppl. 66.

Derris floribunda Naves in Blanco FI, Filip. ed. 3, pl. 336, non Benth.

Derris thyrsiflora F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 68, non Benth.

Luzon, Province of Zambales, Merrill 2189, Hallier s. n., For. Bur, 7014
Curran: Province of Bataan, Bur, Sei. 590 Mangubat, Merrill 2561, For. Bur.
12931 Alvarez, Whitford 1261: Province of Rizal, Bur. Sci. 6758 Robinson, For,
Bur. 476 Ahern’s collector, Guerrero 30, Merrill 1734, 2841, Decades Philip, Forest
Fl. no. 213: Manila, Alberto s. n. Minporo, Merrill 948, For. Bur, 12229 Rosen-
bluth. Necros, For. Bur. 5568 Everett, Whitford 1638. MINDANAO, Province of
Surigao, Ahern 359.

Native names: Balitos, baloc-baloc (Negros); tibalao, balanti, bagarilao, asin-
asinanan (Rizal) ; dugo-rogo, rugo-rugo (Bataan); bala-y-lamoc , (Zambales) ;
silasila, ex Blanco.

Blanco’s Pterocarpus diadelphus was referred by F.-Villar to Derris thyrsiflora
Benth., a species that does not occur in the area from which Blanco secured his
material. His description, although short, applies unmistakably to the species
commonly known as Derris sinuata Thw., and diadelphus, being the earliest valid
specific name is here adopted. The species is common in the region from which
Blanco secured most of his material, and flowers from April to June.

Ceylon and India to the Malay Peninsula and Archipelago, and Indo-China.

2. Derris thyrsiflora Benth. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 4 (1860) Suppl. 249;
Prain ex King in Journ. As. Soe. Beng, 667% (1897) 100.

Millettia thyrsiflora Benth. Pl. Jungh. (1851) 249.

BASILAN, Hallier s. n.

The specimen is in fruit, and is probably referable here; flowering specimens
may lead to a different disposition of it.

Nicobar Islands, the Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, and Java.

3. Derris polyantha Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1904) 83.

Luzon, Province of Pampanga, Merrill 1457: Province of Rizal, Merrill 1692.
For. Bur. 430, 2653 Ahern’s collector, Bur. Sct. 2188 Ramos, Decades Philip, Forest
Fl. no. 180 Ahern’s collector,

ee ee ae, ee ee er ee Se ee ee rer ee Se ll SS Oe ar es “ rt r a ree aa |

104 MERRILL.

Native names: Tugle (Rizal); malagogong-dapo (Pampanga).

This is described as having the vexillary filament free, which would place the
species in the § Aganope; I have examined a number of flowers from both speci-
mens cited in the original description, and find the vexillary filament more or less
united with the others. In Rizal Province the bark of this vine is used to stupefy
fish.

Endemice.

4. Derris cumingii Benth. in Journ, Linn. Soe, Bot. 4 (1860) Suppl. 104;
Vid. Phan. Cuming. Philip. (1885) 109; Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1904) 82.

Derris cumingiana Vid. Rey. Pl. Vase. Filip. (1886) 113.

Luzon, Province of Ilocos Norte, Cuming 1208 (cotype): Province of Benguet,
For. Bur, 5133 Curran: Province of Zambales, Bur. Sci. 1922 Foxworthy: Prov-
ince of Rizal, For. Bur. 7034, 7037 Curran, For. Bur. 1129, 1140, 2986 Ahern’s
collector, Merrill 1867, 2824. i

Native names: Malacaguios, malacadios (Bataan).

Endemice.

5. Derris scandens (Roxb.) Benth. in Journ. Linn. Soc, Bot. 4 (1860) Suppl.
103; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1878) 240; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880)
68; Vid. Sinopsis Atlas (1883) #. 4/, fig. FP; Rev. Pl. Vase. Filip. (1886) 112.

Dalbergia scandens Roxb. Pl. Coromandel 2 (1798) ¢. 192.

Dalbergia timoriensis DC. Prodr. 2 (1825) 417.

Galedupa frutescens Blanco FI. Filip. (1837) 559, ed. 2 (1845) 391, ed. 3,
2:354; Naves 1. c. ed. 3, pl. 282.

Deguelia timoriensis Taub. in Engl. & Prantl. Nat. Pflanzenfam, 3* (1891) 345.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Hlmer 6463, Williams 1058, Bur. Sci. 3451
Mearns: Province of Pangasinan, Alberto 4: Province of Zambales, Bur. Sci.
4807 Ramos: Province of Nueva Ecija, Cuming 1420: Province of Bulacan, Bur.
Sci. 6112 Robinson & Merritt: Province of Rizal, Bur. Sci. 3287 Ramos: Province
of Cavite, Merrill 4185. Mr1nporo, Bur. Sci. 1535 Bermejos, For. Bur. 6183
Merritt. PALAWAN, Bur. Sci. 891 Fowworthy. Burtas, For. Bur. 1723 Clark.
q TABLAS, McGregor 339. Samar, Cuming 1699. Necros, For. Bur. 13588 Meyer

& Foxworthy. MINDANAO, District of Davao, Williams 2857.
; Native names: Lapac (Burias) ; malasaga, ex Blanco.
; India to s8uthern China through Malaya to northern Australia.

6. Derris philippinensis sp. nov.

Derris multiflora var.? longifolia Benth. in Journ. Linn. Soe. Bot. 4 (1860)
Suppl. 108; Vid. Phan. Cuming. Philip. (1885) 109, non D. longifolia Benth.
Derris multiflora Vid. Rev. Pl. Vase. Filip. (1886) 112; Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip.
’ (1904) 83; Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 1 (1906) Suppl. 66, non Benth.
| Derris multiflora var.? longifolia Benth. was based on Cuming 1162, but
| Bentham states that the two specimens, Junghuhn, from Java, type of the species,
3 and Cuming 1162, from the Philippines, type of the variety longifolia, were
without fruit, and hence it was difficult to judge the affinities of the two speci-
.

/
:
}

mens. Recently material has been collected in the Philippines, in fruit, that
in all vegetative characters matches Cuming 1162, which shows that the var.
longifolia belongs in the § Brachypterum, and must be closely allied to Derris
scandens; as the pods of D. multiflora are described, from Junghuhn’s notes, as
“oblique rotundato,” it is evident that the Javan and Philippine plants must
be very different. Accordingly the Philippine form is here treated as a distinct
species.

ST ae i ee

et ee Se a A eo eS, SAREE ee ee are See
- aia e " “oo a olla Ti ‘ f

ENUMERATION OF PHILIPPINE LEGUMINOSAE. 105

Scandent, glabrous except the inflorescence. Leaflets 5 to 7, narrowly
ovate to oblong-lanceolate, 7 to 13 cm long, 2.5 to 4.5 em wide, base
rounded or acute, the apex strongly subcaudate-acuminate, the acumen
blunt. Racemes shorter than or nearly equaling the leaves, axillary,
rather slender, somewhat pubescent, many flowered. Flowers white,
about 1 cm long. Pod thin, narrowly oblong to oblong-lanceolate, blunt,
4 to 8 em long, 1 to 1.5 em wide, very slightly falcate, the wing 1.5 to
2mm wide.

Luzon, Province of Ilocos Norte, Cuming 1162, Bur. Sct. 7635 Ramos: Province
of Benguet, Elmer 6177: Province of Rizal, Merrill 5045: Province of Bataan,
Topping 535, Williams 714: Province of Tayabas, Merrill 1969.

Manifestly closely allied to Derris scandens (Roxb.) Benth., differing especially
in its less numerous, much larger leaves, and its pods not distinctly narrowed at
both ends as in that species.

7. Derris elegans (Grah.) Benth. Pl. Jungh. (1852) 252; Journ, Linn. Soc.
Bot. 4 (1860) Suppl. 109; Baker in Hook. f, Fl. Brit. Ind, 2 (1878) 252; King
ex Prain in Journ. As. Soc. Bot. 667 (1897) 103.

Pongamia elegans Grah. in Wall. Cat. (1832) no. 7540.

CuLion, Merrill 666. Nercros, For. Bur. 7249 Everett. Leyte, Elmer 7162.
MINDANAO, District of Zamboanga, Williams 2398: Lake Lanao, For. Bur. 3919
Hutchinson, Mrs. Clemens 434, 484, and several sheets without number.

The material here referred to Derris elegans seems to differ from the typical
form of that species, as described, in being nearly glabrous, and having longer
racemes. One specimen cited above, Merrill 666, was referred by Doctor Perkins
to Derris uliginosa. Although D, elegans is manifestly allied to that species,
it is very different in its leaves and inflorescence, and, as noted by Prain, can
always be distinguished by its stipellate leaves.

Tenasserim, the Andaman Islands, Malay Peninsula, and Sumatra.

8. Derris trifoliata Lour. Fl. Cochinch. (1790) 433.

Robinia uliginosa Roxb. ex Willd. Sp. Pl. 3 (1800) 1133.

Dalbergia heterophylla Willd. 1. c. 901.

Galedupa uliginosa Roxb. Hort. Beng. (1814) 53, Fl. Ind. 3 (1832) 243.

Pongamia uliginosa DC. Prodr, 2 (1825) 416.

Pterocarpus frutescens Blanco FI. Filip. (1837) 562, ed. 2 (1845) 392, ed. 3,
2: 356; Naves l. c. ed. 3, pl. 159.

Derris uliginosa Benth. Pl. Jungh. (1852) 252, Journ. Linn. Soe. Bot. 4 (1860)
Suppl. 107; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1876) 241; F.-Vill. Nov. App.
(1880) 68; Vid. Rev. Pl. Vase. Filip. (1886) 113. :

BABUYANES IsLANDS, Camiguin, Bur. Sci. 4001 Fénix. Luzon, Province of
Zambales, Hallier s. n.: Manila, Hlmer 5508; Province of Bataan, lor. Bur.
6356 Curran: Province of Tayabas, Whitford 581, 597, 759: Province of Cama-
‘rines, For. Bur. 12278, 12288 Curran. Powttto, Bur. Sci. 6988 Robinson.
Mrinporo, lor Bur. 5516 Merritt, Bur. Sci. 921 Mangubat. PALAWAN, Bur. Sci.
831 Fowworthy. Crpu, Bur. Sci. 1715 McGregor. MrtnpAnao, District of Zam-
boanga, Hallier s. n.: District of Cotabato, Mrs. Clemens 810: District of
Davao, Williams 2746, Copeland 352. Bastian, For. Bur. 38973 Hutchinson.

Native names: Mangasin (Tayabas) ; tuba-tuba (Basilan) ; sila-sila, ex Blanco:
hingasin, hingasinan (Panay), ex F.-Villar.

A species confined to salt water or brackish swamps along the seashore

te ae ee ae oS ere Pe ee ee | eee - “ECR Pp? ae ae ee

106 MERRILL.

and tidal rivers; common throughout the littoral districts in the Philippines.
Eastern Africa through India to Formosa, Malaya, and Polynesia.

Dr. A. B. Rendle informs me that the type of Loureiro’s Derris trifoliata is

not preserved in the British Museum; I consider the identity of this species
and Derris uliginosa Roxb. to be unquestionable, and the earliest name is hence
adopted. The next older name appears to be Dalbergia heterophylla Willd., and
the type of this has been examined by Dr. H. Harms at my request, who reports
that it is quite the same as Derris uliginosa Roxb.
_ The genus Derris was based by Loureiro on two species, D. pinnata, and D.
trifoliata; the former is a Dalbergia, and is identical with D. tamarindifolia
Roxb. (see p. 96). Under the circumstances it would be illogical to consider
the first species described as the type of the genus, thus making Dalbergia and
Derris synonymous, and hence the second species, Derris trifoliata Lour., must be
adopted as the generic type.

9, Derris micans Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1904) 82.

Luzon, Province of Rizal, Merrill 2284, Bur. Sci. 4584 Ramos, For. Bur, 2892
Ahern’s collector.

Endemic.

10. Derris mindorensis Perk. |. c.

Minporo, Merrill 953.

Endemic.

Whether or not Derris micans and D. mindorensis are distinct is doubtful. The
type of the former is a fruiting specimen, nearly glabrous in all parts, and
that of the latter is a flowering specimen, the under surface of the leaflets and
the inflorescence somewhat pubescent. The vegetative characters are very similar
in both, and flowering specimens from near the type locality of D. micans (For.
Bur, 2892 Ahern’s collector), have pubescent leaflets and panicles as in D.
mindorensis. A larger series of specimens will be necessary to determine the
exact relationships between the two forms. A cotype of D. mindorensis has
been determined by Mr. Rolfe at Kew as D. ferruginea Benth., and it may be
the same as the specimen collected by Vidal and so reported by Ceron.”

ll. Derris lianoides Elmer Leafl. Philip. Bot. 1 (1907) 228.

Luzon, Province of Tayabas, Himer 7443, 9339, For. Bur. 10159 Curran:
Province of Rizal, For. Bur. 2681 Ahern’s collector. MINpdANAO, Lake Lanao,
Mrs. Clemens 537 and several sheets without number: Province of Misamis,
Mount Malindang, For. Bur, 4775 Mearns & Hutchinson.

This species belongs in the § Paraderris, and is apparently closely allied to
D. montana Jungh., of Java, and to D. malaccensis Prain, of the Malay Peninsula.
It differs from both in its smaller leaflets, and from the latter, at least, also
in its narrower pods which are 5 to 8 em long and 1.5 to 2 em wide.

12. Derris elliptica (Roxb.) Benth. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 4 (1860) Suppl.
111; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1878) 243; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880)
68; Prain ex King in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 66% (1897) 106; Merr. in Philip.
Journ. Sei. 1 (1906) Suppl. 66.

Galedupa elliptica Roxb. Hort. Beng. (1814) 53, nomen, Fl. Ind. 3 (1832) 242.

Cylista piscatoria Blanco Fl. Filip. (1837) 589.

Galactia ? terminaliflora Blanco 1. ¢. ed. 2 (1845) 411, ed. 3, 2: 390.

Millettia splendens ¥.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 59.

Cat. Pl. Herb. (Manila) (1892) 66.

7 wis
a:

ENUMERATION OF PHILIPPINE LEGUMINOSAE. 107

Millettia piscatoria Merr. in Govt. Lab. Publ. (Philip.) 27 (1905) 411, 1. ¢.
29 (1905) 18.

Luzon, Province of Rizal, Decades Philip. Forest Fl. no. 176, as Millettia,
For. Bur. 473, 1164 Ahern’s collector, Bur. Sci. 4570 Ramos: Province of Bataan,
Whitford 60: Province of Laguna, Elmer: Province of Tayabas, For, Bur. 11108
Curran. Mrnvoro, MeGregor 154, Merrill 4043. Mutxpanao, Lake Lanao, Jrs.
Clemens 410: District of Davao, Williams 2788, 2909.

Native names: Tibanglan (Rizal); tubli, ex Blanco,

Chittagong and Tenasserim through the Malay Peninsula to Sumatra, Java,
New Guinea and the Bismarck Archipelago.

There are apparently several other species of the genus represented in the
materials before me, but most of the forms not classified are represented by
flowering specimens only. As it is practically impossible in many cases definitely
to determine, in the absence of fruit, whether the plant being dealt with is a
Derris or a Millettia, I have refrained from describing any of these forms, with
the hope that eventually additional material will be secured that will enable
us satisfactorily to place the forms now represented only by flowering specimens.

The generic name Derris Lour. (1790) is here retained in accordance with the
list of nomina conservanda of the Vienna Botanical Congress. O. Kuntze has
referred all the species to Pterocarpus, and Taubert has adopted the genus Deguelia
Aubl. (1775). Two other earlier names are Salkan Adans., and Solori Adans.
(1763), the latter two being synonyms of Derris, as shown by Prain, and not
referable to Dalbergia, where they have been placed by most authors.

DOUBTFUL AND EXCLUDED SPECIES.

DERRIS DISCOLOR Benth.; Ceron Cat. Pl. Herb. (Manila) (1892) 67. A species
of doubtful status from Sikkim and Silhet. The Philippine record is probably
due to an erroneously identified plant; it was based on a specimen from Balabac
Island, Vidal 2665.

DERRIS FERRUGINEA Benth.; Ceron 1. ¢. 66.. The Philippine record is based on
Vidal 2576 from the Province of Isabela, Luzon, a specimen of which is in the
Kew Herbarium; this specimen is very similar to D. mindorensis Perk., but is
slightly more pubescent. Material collected in Mindanao, Bolster 356, 406, in-
sufficient for accurate identification, may be the same as Vidal’s specimen.
Whether or not the Philippine material is referable to D. ferruginea Benth., T am
unable to determine at present. That species is supposed to extend from the
eastern Himalayan region to Burma. See D. mindorensis Perk., above.

60. EUCHRESTA Benn.

1. Euchresta horsfieldii (Lesch.) Benn. Pl. Jav. Rar. (1840) 148, ¢. 22;
Benth. in Journ, Linn. Soe. Bot. 4 (1860) Suppl. 118; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. 1°
(1855) 125; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1878) 248; F.-Vill. Nov. App.
(1880) 68; Ceron Cat. Pl. Herb. (Manila) (1892) 67.

Andira horsfieldii Lesch. in Ann, Mus. Paris 16 (1810) 481, ¢. 12; DC. Prodr.
2 (1825) 476.

Luzon, Province of Rizal, Mount Cayatang, Bur. Sci. 2159 Ramos: Province of
Tayabas, Mount Banajao, Bur. Sci. 2470 Foxworthy: Province of Albay, Mount
Mayon, Bur. Sci. 6484 Robinson; without definite locality, Vidal 2622, Loher 2336
(in Herb. Kew.). Necros, Mount Canlaon, For. Bur. 13674 Curran.

Khasia Mountains and eastern India, Formosa, Luchu Archipelago, and Java.

a

“Ti. ™ i | SF is 2 oe? ee es hd Se ee eT eee oe

108 — MERRILL.

61. INOCARPUS Forst.

1. Inocarpus edulis Forst. Char. Gen. (1776) 66, #. 33; F.-Vill. Nov. App.
(1880) 362; Oliver in Hook. Ic. IV 9 (1889) pl. 1837; Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip.
(1904) 21.

Bocoa edulis Baill. Adansonia 9 (1868-1870) 237.

Gajanus edulis O. Ktze. Rev. Gen. Pl. (1891) 189.

JoLo, Warburg 14677, in herb. Berol. Patmas, Merrill 5336.

Malay Archipelago to Polynesia, frequently only cultivated, and only so found
in the Philippines. Palmas Island, mentioned above, is really not a part of the
Philippine group politically, although formerly so considered; it is a small island
to the south-east of Mindanao, and belongs to the Dutch, being ruled as a depen-
dency of Celebes.

Inocarpus edulis has been referred to Bocoa, the latter being the older generic
name; De Dalla Torre & Harms, however, retain Jnocarpus Forst., and Bocoa
Aubl., as distinct genera,

62. PISUM Linn.

1. Pisum sativum Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 727; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 62.

Luzon, Manila, Nieva 312.

The common pea, introduced from Europe and cultivated only, properly having
no place in the Philippine flora; locally known by one of its Spanish names,
chicharo,

63. ABRUS Linn.

Pod oblong, turgid, 2.5 to 5 em long, 3- to 6-seeded; seeds red and black.
1. A. precatorius
Pod narrowly-oblong, thin, not turgid, 6 to 8 em long, somewhat curved, 6-
RMIT 5 MOINS UNO ois. coccn «10> poyresbsniong aodstvsyohsneuna tabla 2. A. laevigatus

1. Abrus precatorius Linn. Syst. Nat. ed. 12 (1767) 472; Blanco FI. Filip.
(1837) 565, ed. 2 (1845) 394, ed. 3, 2: 361; Naves 1. ¢. ed. 3, pl. 156; Miq. FI.
Ind. Bat. 1* (1855) 159; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1876) 175; F.-Vill.
Nov. App. (1880) 62.

Glycine abrus Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 753.

Abrus abrus W. F. Wight in Contr. U. 8. Nat. Herb. 9 (1905) 172.

Batanes Istanps, Sabtan, Bur. Sci. 3729 Féniv. Basuyanes Istanps, Ca-
miguin, Bur, Sci. 4028 Féniv. Luzon, Province of Cagayan, For. Bur. 14824
Darling, For. Bur, 16510 Bacani, For. Bur. 16749 Curran: Province of ‘Isabela,
Bur. Sci. 8111 Ramos: Province of Ilocos Norte, For. Bur. 14673 Darling, Bur.
Set. 2299 Mearns: Province of Hocos Sur, Bur. Sci. 10079, 10093 McGregor:
Province of Union, Elmer 5672: Province of Pampanga, Bolster 3, Merrill 1434:
Province of Rizal, Bur. Sci. 1043 Ramos: Province of Bataan, For. Bur. 5981
Curran, Merrill 1588, Whitford s. n.: Province of Cavite, Baja 285; Province of
Tayabas, Gregory 33, Merrill 1960. Potttio, Bur. Sci. 6967 Robinson. Mrnporo,
Merrill 902. Titcao, For. Bur, 1059 Clark. Panay, Copeland s. n. MINDANAO,
District of Davao, Copeland 308; Lake Lanao, Mrs. Clemens s. n. BASILAN,
Hallier s. n.

Native names: Saga, saga-saga (Tayabas) ; saga-baguin (Polillo) ; cansasaga
(Pampanga), casasaga (Bataan); bugayong (Ilocos, Union); lasa (Sabtan) ;
other names, ex Blanco, sagamamin, bangati, gicos-gicos, agaiyangyiang, manga-
dolong, caloo, matangpune, aroyangyang.

ENUMERATION OF PHILIPPINE LEGUMINOSAE. 109

Widely distributed in the Philippines at low and medium altitudes; cosmopol-
itan in the Tropics.

2. Abrus laevigatus E. Mey. Comm. 1 (1835-37) 126; Harv. Fl. Cap. 2: 263.

Abrus pulchellus Wall. Cat. (1832) no. 5819, nomen; Baker in Hook. f. FI.
Brit. Ind. 2 (1876) 175; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 62; Perk. Frag. FI. Philip.
(1904) 84; Prain ex King in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 66° (1897) 35.

Luzon, Province of Abra, Bur. Sct. 7281 Ramos: Province of Benguet, Williams
1415: Province of Zambales, Hallier s. n.: Province of Bulacan, Yoder 48; Prov-
ince of Bataan, Copeland 293, For. Bur. 2068 Borden, Whitford 1034, Williams 76.

India and Ceylon to the Malay Peninsula and Archipelago; also in tropical
and southern Africa.

EXCLUDED SPECIES.

ABRUS FRUTICULOSUS Wall.; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 62. A species of British
India, probably credited to the Philippines by F.-Villar on erroneously identified
material,

64. CLITORIA Linn.

1. Clitoria ternatea Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 753; DC. Prodr. 2 (1825) 233;
Blanco Fl. Filip. (1837) 590, ed. 2 (1845) 412, ed. 3, 2: 391; Naves 1. c. ed. 3,
pl. 301; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1876) 208.

Clitoria philippensis Perr. Mém. Linn. Soc. Paris 2 (1824) 111; C. B. Rob.
in Philip. Journ. Sci. 3 (1908) Bot. 305.

Luzon, Province of Cagayan, For. Bur. 16743 Curran: Province of Abra, Bur.
Sci. 7297 Ramos: Province of Ilocos Norte, For. Bur. 19045 Darling, Bur. Sct.
2223 Mearns: Province of Ilocos Sur, For, Bur, 14075 Merritt & Darling: Province
of Union, Elmer 5576: Province of Pangasinan, Bur. Sci. 4848, 4886, 4951 Ramos,
Merrill 2875: Province of Pampanga, Merrill 1430; Province of Laguna, Williams
2057, 38071: Manila, Merrill 3439, McGregor 46, Favila 51, Ouzner 14 GP rovince
of Bataan, Merrill 1586. LuBane, Merrill 969. PaLawan, Bur. Sci. 199, 200
Bermejos, For. Bur. 4168, 4192 Curran. CrBu, Brown 5. MINDANAO, District
of Davao, Copeland 449.

Widely distributed and abundant in the Philippines at low altitudes in
thickets, ete.; commonly cultivated. Both the blue and white-flowered forms re-
presented in the material cited above; throughout the Tropics in gardens and
as an escape.

65. CENTROSEMA Benth.

1. Centrosema plumieri (Turp.) Benth. in Ann, Wien. Mus. 2 (1838) 118;
F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 65; Usteri Beitr. Ken. Philip. Veg. (1905) 115.

Clitoria plumieri Turp. in Pers. Syn. 2 (1807) 303; DC. Prodr. 2 (1825) 234;
Naves in Blanco: Fl. Filip. ed. 3, pl. 455.

Bradburya plumieri O. Wuntze Rey. Gen. Pl. (1891) 164.

CesBu, Bur. Sci. 1735 McGregor, Hallier s. n.

A native of tropical America, introduced in the Philippines; it is not known
whether the species is spontaneous or only cultivated in the Archipelago.

Bradburya Raf. (1817), and Vewxillaria Hoffmg. (1824), are both, older than
Centrosema, the latter name being first used by DeCandolle, in 1825, as a section
of Clitoria. “Centrosema is, however, here retained in accordance with the list
of nomina conservanda of the Vienna Botanical Congress.

110 MERRILL.

66. DUMASIA DC.

1. Dumasia villosa DC. Mém. Leg. (1825) 257, t. 44, Prodr, 2 (1825) 241;
Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1876) 183.

Rhynchosia ? henryi Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soe. Bot. 23 (1887) 196.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Bugias, Merrill 4671; Mount Santo Tomas
(Tonglon), Williams 1412.

Himalayan region to southern China, Java, Madagascar, and Natal.

The Philippine specimens differ from Asiatic material in our herbarium
(Henry 9238, Yunnan, China, and Meebold 5343, Manipur, India) in some slight
characters, being less villous, and with smaller leaflets. I can, however, detect
no specific differentiating characters in the material before me.

67. SHUTERIA W. & A.

1. Shuteria vestita (Grah.) W. & A. Prodr. (1834) 207; Benth. Pl. Jungh.
(1852) 232; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1876) 181; Rolfe in Journ. Bot.
23 (1885) 212; Vidal Rev. Pl. Vase. Filip. (1886) 109.

Glycine vestita Grah. in Wall. Cat. (1832) no, 5512.

Luzon, District of Bontoe, For. Bur, 18388 Alvarez: Province of Benguet,
Elmer 6075, Topping 98, Bur. Sci. 2793 Mearns, Williams 1538, Merrill 4797;
For, Bur. 15939 Bacani, Bur. Sci. 5521 Ramos, For. Bur. 16221 Curran, Merritt,
& Zschokke.

India and Ceylon to southern China. ,

The Philippine material matches Chinese specimens, so named, closely, but
is apparently somewhat different from Indian material. A critical examination
of the Philippine and Chinese plants and comparison of the same with a large
series of Indian specimens will be necessary to determine whether or not more
than one species is represented.

> 68. GLYCINE Linn.

1. Glycine tomentosa Benth. Fl. Austral. 2 (1864) 245; Rolfe in Journ. Bot.
23 (1885) 212; Forbes & Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soe. Bot. 23 (1887) 189;
Vidal Phan, Cuming. Philip. (1885) 108, Rev. Pl. Vase. Filip. (1886) 109.

Luzon, Province of Ilocos Norte, Cuming 1238.

Southern China and Australia.

GLYCINE HISPIDA (Moench.) Maxim. is represented among our Philippine
material by a single specimen from plants cultivated for experimental purposes in
Manila, Cuzner 49. This Asiatic species properly has no place in the Philippine
flora, and is apparently not cultivated by the natives. The beans are imported
from Amoy in considerable quantities by the Chinese in Manila.

EXCLUDED SPECIES.

GLYCINE JAVANICA Linn.; F.-Vill. Nov. App.. (1880) 62.
T have seen no Philippine material representing this species; it extends from
tropical Africa to India and Ceylon, and is also found in Java.

69. TERAMNUS §w.

1. Teramnus labialis (Linn. f.) Spreng. Syst. 3 (1826) 2385; Baker in Hook.
f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1876) 184; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 63; Vid. Rev. Pl, Vase.
Filip. (1886) 109; Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1904) 84.

Glycine labialis Linn, f. Suppl. (1774) 325.

Luzon, Province of Cagayan, For. Bur. 16655 Bacani: Province of Ilocos Norte,
For, Bur, 14677 Darling, Bur, Sci. 2277 Mearns: Province of Union, Elmer 5586:

ENUMERATION OF PHILIPPINE LEGUMINOSAB. 111

Province of Pangasinan, Bur. Sci, 4927 Ramos: Province of Bulacan, Yoder 44:
Province of Batangas, Marave 165: Province of Laguna, Bur. Sci. 6026 Robinson:
Provinee of Bataan, Merrill 1592, Williams 268: Province of Rizal, Bur. Sct.
6521 Robinson, Merrill 5071, Bur. Sci. 2050 Ramos: Manila, Santiago 59. CEBU,
Barrow 15. BASstLan, DeVore & Hoover 45.

Widely distributed in the Philippines at low altitudes; throughout the Tropics.

The Philippine specimens appear to be nearer to the variety mollis ( Benth.)
Baker, than to the typical form; all the specimens cited above, that are in
fruit, have the pods appressed-strigose, while in the typical form they are described
as glabrous.

70. ERYTHRINA Linn.

Pods turgid and seed bearing throughout their length, the basal portion not

flattened.
Calyx spathaceous, oblique, not at all 2-lipped, splitting to the base down
HG DC 8 PRL O TROT... 5c's002225-2--cc¢enep-cesnnseasssctvangemeege sane; se wmmmeanens- <-> 1. #. indica
Calyx campanulate, subequally 2-lipped, not splitting to the base § Mutcrop-

TERYX.

Leaflets ovate or rhomboid-ovate, acuminate, submembranaceous, pubescent
beneath; pods slender, about 8 mm wide, with a long, very slender stipe,
the valves ‘very Gbinly Coriaceous.......2.....:..-.+.-----sesseseasoniaieee 2. H. stipitata

Leaflets oblong to oblong-ovate, obtuse or acute, sometimes slightly acuminate,

- coriaceous or subcoriaceous; pods stout, about 1.5 em wide, the stipe
stout, the valves very thickly coriaceous... 3 BE. fusca

Pods flat, seedless and indehiscent in their lower half § HypaArpnorvs.
4. BE. subumbrans

l. Erythrina indica Lam. Encyel. 2 (1785) 391; DC. Prodr. 2 (1825) 412;
Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. 11 (1855) 207; Baker in Hook. f. FI. Brit. Ind. 2 (1876)
188; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 63; Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 1 (1906)
Suppl. 66.

Erythrina corallodendrum orientalis Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 706.

Erythrina picta Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2 (1763) 993 p. p., quoad syn. Gelala alba
Rumph.

Erythrina orientalis Murr. in Comm, Gotting. 8 (1787) 35, pl. 1.

Erythrina lithosperma Blume Cat. Gew. Buitenz. (1823) 92; Hassk. Pl. Jav.
Rar. (1848) 381, non Miq. FI. Ind. Bat. 1* (1855) 209.

Erythrina carnea Blanco FI, Filip.*(1837) 564, ed. 2 (1845) 393, ed. 3, 2:
359; Naves l. ec. ed. 3, pl. 217, non Dryand.

Luzon, Province of Cagayan, For. Bur. 17131 Curran: Proyince of Abra, For.
Bur. 14539 Darling: Province of Union, Elmer 5588: Manila, Decades Philip.
Forest Fl. No. 277 Merrill: Province of Bataan, For. Bur. 1266, 1274 Borden, For,
Bur. 2235 Meyer, For. Bur. 5935 Curran: Province of Tayabas, Whitford 684,
Merrill 1904, 2039: Province of Camarines, Ahern 30. MrINboro, for Bur. 8770,
9695 Merritt. Pa tawan, For. Bur. 8557 Curran. Panay, For. Bur. 115 Ga mmill,
Copeland s. n. MrNvANAo, District of Davao, Ahern 675; Lake Lanao, Mrs.
Clemens 205.

Quite universally known in the Philippines as dap-dap; in Abra as dab-dub;
in Cagayan as voc-voc and bag-bac.

Common throughout the Philippines, especially along the seashore; frequently
planted inland. India to southern China, Malaya, and Polynesia.

Erythrina indica Lam., includes, in part, #. picta Linn., the latter being much
the earlier name. Hrythrina picta Linn. was based in part on botanical material
in Linneus’ hands, and in part on Gelala alba Rumph. Herb. Amboin, 2: 234,

95495——2

ee ee

et oe ee ee ee ay ee

112 MERRILL.

t. 77, but the description does not apply to the plant figured and described by
Rumphius. It seems reasonable to consider that the specimen in the Linnean
Merbarium represents the type of the species, and that he erred in referring to
it Rumphius’s Gelala alba; what the specimen in the Linnean Herbarium really
represents can only be determined by an examination of the material. Specimens
closely matching Rumphius’ figure of Gelala alba are represented by For. Bur.
3557 Curran from Palawan, but in all respects other than the mottled leaves
this specimen is typical Erythrina indica Lam. Baker™ states “EZ. picta Linn.
(Rumph. Amboin. ¢. 77) appears to be a mere form of this [E. indica Lam.],
with variegated leaves.”

2. Erythrina stipitata sp. nov. § Microprreryx.

Arbor circiter 10 m alta; ramulis vix aculeatis; foliis trifoliolatis,
foliolis junioribus ovatis vel: rhomboideis, acuminatis, submembranaceis,
subtus pallidis, puberulis; racemis simplicibus, circiter 15 cm longis;
floribus 3 cm longis; leguminibus 5 ad 9 cm longis, circiter 8 mm latis,
subcylindraceis, vix torulosis, longissime tenuiter stipitatis, valvis tenue
coriaceis, reticulatis.

A tree about 10 m high. ‘Trunk with rather thin, yellowish bark, and
with very large, scattered, subpyramidal spines which are from 1 to 1.5
em high, and nearly as thick at the base, minutely apiculate. Branches
glabrous, unarmed, the ultimate branchlets stout, often slightly puber-
ulent. Leaves trifoliolate, all parts, when very young, densely puber-
ulent; leaflets pale beneath, pubescent, the terminal one rhomboid-ovate,
acuminate, the lateral ones ovate, up to 5 em long (probably considerably
larger when mature). Flowers crimson, about 3 em long, in many
flowered racemes about 15 cm long, their pedicels about 5 mm long,
solitary or two at a node. Calyx broadly campanulate, distinctly 2-lobed,
about 6 mm long. Vexillum 3 cm long, 1.3 em wide, about equally
narrowed at both ends, scarcely clawed. Pod subeylindric; long-apiculate,
5 to 9 cm long, about 8 mm wide, glabrous or nearly so, dehiscent along
the ventral suture, the pedicels slightly elongated, the calyx persistent ;
stipe very slender, 1.5 to 2 em long, about 1 mm thick; valves very
thinly coriaceous, obscurely reticulate; seeds few, three or four, brown,
when nearly mature, about 7 mm long, and half as thick.

LuBANG ISLAND, near the town of Lubang, in open lands at sea level, with
flowers and nearly mature fruits April 7, 1903, Merrill 958. Deciduous, with
only immature leaves at this date.

This species is allied to Erythrina suberosa Roxb. of British India, but ap-
parently most closely related to H. microcarpa Koord. & Val. of Java; from the
latter it differs especially in its unarmed branches and branchlets, differently

shaped seeds, and in its differently disposed flowers which in EF. microcarpa are
in racemosely disposed cymules, and in HZ. stipitata are in simple racemes,

** Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1876) 189.

ENUMERATION OF PHILIPPINE LEGUMINOSAE. 113

3. Erythrina fusca Lour. Fl. Cochinch. (1790) 427; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. 17?
(1855) 208.

Erythrina ovalifolia Roxb. Hort. Beng. (1814) 53, Fl. Ind. 3 (1882) 254;
Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1876) 189; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 63;
Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1904) 85; Prain ex King in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 66 ?
(1897) 72.

Erythrina picta Blanco FI. Filip. (1837) 565, non Linn.

Erythrina caffra Blanco 1. c. ed. 2 (1845) 394, ed. 3, 2:360; Naves 1. c.
pl. 326, non Thunb.

Luzon, Province of Ilocos Norte, Bur. Sci. 2311 Mearns: Province of Panga-
sinan, For. Bur, 3655 Saroca: Manila, Marave 153, Merrill Decades Philip. Forest.
Fl. No. 278: Province of Bataan, Williams 357, For. Bur. 6529 Curran. MIN-
DANAO, Lake Lanao, Mrs. Clemens 204.

Native names: Dapdap (Bataan) ; telbang (Pangasinan) ; anii (Ilocos Norte).

Along streams in open lands at low altitudes; Assam and Bengal to Indo-
China, the Malay Peninsula and Archipelago.

The reduction of Hrythrina ovalifolia Roxb. to HE. fusca Lour., the latter much
the earlier, has not previously been suggested by any author known to me; I
fail to find any constant characters for distinguishing the two.

4. Erythrina subumbrans (Hassk.) comb. nov.

Hypaphorus subumbrans Hassk. Retzia ed. nov. 198, fide Koord, & .Val., Hort.
Bogor. Descr. (1858) 197.

Erythrina secundiflora Hassk. Pl. Jav. Rar. (1848) 3878, non Brotero.

Erythrina lithosperma Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. 1* (1855) 209; Baker in Hook. f.
Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1876) 190; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 63; Naves in Blanco FI.
Filip. ed. 3, pl. 345; Vidal Sinopsis Atlas (1883) ¢t. 41, fig. A, Phan. Cuming.
Philip. (1885) 108, Rev. Pl. Vase. Filip. (1886) 109; Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip.
(1904) 85; Prain in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 66° (1897) 73; Koord & Valet.
Meded. ’s Lands Plantent. 14 (1895) 64, non Blume.

Erythrina sumatrana Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. Suppl. (1860-61) 304.

Brythrina hypaphorus Boer]. in Teysmannia 5: 20, fide Koord. & Valeton.

Luzon, Province of: Abra, For. Bur. 14570 Darling: Province of Benguet,
Elmer 8666: Manila, For. Bur. 12470 Curran: Province of Cavite, For. Bur. 7693
Curran: Province of Rizal, For. Bur. 10014 Curran: Province of Tayabas, Merrill
1950. Mtnnoro, Whitford 1386. Leyte, Elmer 7132. Mtnpanao, District of
Cotabato, Mrs. Clemens s. n.

Native names: Dapdap (Manila, Cavite, Tayabas, Mindoro) ; sablang (Abra).

Indo-China to the Malay Peninsula and Archipelago.

What I consider to be the oldest valid name is here adopted for this species.
It is the species usually known as Hrythrina lithosperma Blume, but the original
E. lithosperma Blume Cat. (1823) 92, nomen nudum, and later very fully
described by Hasskarl™ is Hrythrina indica Lam., as noted by Koorders & Vale-
ton,“ while the Erythrina lithosperma Migq. Fl. Ind. Bat. 1* (1855) 209, is not
at all Blume’s species but is the form here considered as H. swbumbrans. Prain®
proposes to retain the species under the name of FH. lithosperma, but with
Miquel as its author instead of Blume, but to avoid confusion I consider it
advisable to abandon the name altogether. Both the spiny form (var. armata
Miq., and the spineless one (var. inermis Miq.) are represented in the material
cited above.

Pl. Jay. Rar. (1848) 381.

* Meded. ’s Lands Plantent. 14 (1895) 58, 64.
5 Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 667 (1897) 73.

Ce fe ee ee ee ee

TPE ON eee eee ee ee, Oe ee

114 MERRILL.

71. STRONGYLODON Vog.

Racemes very long, pendent, exceeding 1 m in length..................... 1. S. macrobotrys
Racemes less than 40 em in length, scarcely pendulous.
Ovary densely pubescent.

Flowers 3 cm long or somewhat less................2...--..----0-+° Wien gece, 2. S. elmeri

ee Oe RE IN is ai ons ass ngeitnct pense apnidennetghetircbee 3. S. eschokket
Ovary glabrous.

WON UML Ph poe rts co es ae ak oa boc veaaicns sn sce e asset dems op see Chas be sa Ra 4. S. lucidus

Flowers green (color unknown in S. crassifolius) .
Nodes of the inflorescence produced into 1 to 2 cm long branchlets.
5. S. caeruleus
Nodes of the inflorescence only very slightly produced.
RN ARR ks Sedna didictnascdslsssne-apsnnsavovaianbieieese st soyuvcontgaallibae 6. S. crassifolius,
SN AE Scphcscsssitbendones Shido plpinciaseaiahlipechidncttinescniatetie, ian 7. S. pulcher

1. Strongylodon macrobotrys A. Gray Bot. Wilkes U. 8. Explor. Exped.
(1854) 448, ¢t. 49; Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 1 (1906) Suppl. 66, 3 (1908)
Bot. 81.

Strongylodon warburgit Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1904) 85?

Luzon, Province of Laguna, Los Bafios, Wilkes Eapedition (type in U. §S.
National Herbarium), Merrill 5114, March, 1906; Paete-Piapi, For. Bur. 9565
Curran, March, 1908: Province of Bataan, For. Bur. 6235, 6524 Curran, Williams
633, Whitford 67, 160, For. Bur, 2808 Meyer, Copeland s. n.; Province of Tayabas,
Merrill 4070, Elmer 9336. Minporo, McGregor 190, For. Bur, 12015 Merritt.

Native names: Tayabac, bayo-w (Bataan) ; buracan (Mindoro).

Known only from Luzon and Mindoro, and a most striking species, growing
usually in humid forests, ravines, ete., extending from slightly above sea level
(Laguna, Mindoro), to an altitude of 1,000 m (Mount Mariveles, Bataan). The
long, pendent, many-flowered racemes exceed 1 m in length, and the flowers are
variously described as greenish-blue, nile-green, green, and verdigris; they are a
very peculiar pallid greenish or bluish-green shade difficult to describe. Dried
flowers appear as though they -were tinged with purple, although in reality there
is no trace of purple in the fresh flowers. The original description calls for
reddish or purplish flowers, but as indicated by Gray, there were no notes with
the specimen, and the color was probably estimated from the dried specimens.
Fully grown flowers vary from 4 to 5 or 6 em in length, or, if the keel be straight-
ened out, sometimes 7 em long. Doctor Perkins has described the flowers of S.
warburgti as 8.5 em long, but T have seen none as large as this, and the measure-
ment may be due to a typographical error. I can not otherwise distinguish the
latter species from S. macrobotrys. I have examined the type of 8S. macrobotrys,
but not that of S. warburgii.

2. Strongylodon elmeri Merr. in Govt. Lab. Publ. (Philip.) 29 (1905) 20.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Elmer 6260, 8984: Province of Cagayan, For. Bur.
16676 Bacani.

Endemic.

3. Strongylodon zschokkei Elmer Leafl. Philip. Bot. 1 (1907) 297.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Mlmer 8540 (cotype).

Apparently very closely allied to the preceding, and perhaps not specifically
distinet; my material of 8. zschokkei is so poor that it is difficult to determine
the exact differences between it an S. elmeri. The flowers are described as having

ENUMERATION OF PHILIPPINE LEGUMINOSAE. 115

a banner 4 cm long, and the style 5 cm long, but none of the flowers on the
specimen before me, which are apparently immature, exceed 3 cm in length.

Endemie.

4. Strongylodon lucidus (Forst.) Seem. Fl. Vit. (1865-68) 61; Merr. in
Philip. Journ, Sci. 2 (1907) Bot. 424.

Glycine lucida Forst. Prodr. (1786) 51.

Rhynchosia lucida DC, Prodr. 2 (1825) 387.

Strongylodon ruber Vog. in Linnaea 10 (1836) 585; A. Gray Bot. Wilkes
U. S. Explor. Exped. (1854) 446, ¢. 48; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1876)
191; Prain ex King in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 66* (1897) 69.

BaLut IstaAnpd, Merrill 5411

Ceylon, Andaman Islands, New Guinea to the Fiji Islands and Hawaii.

5. S. caeruleus Merr. in Govt. Lab. Publ. (Philip.) 29 (1905) 20.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Elmer 6097, 8908; possibly also represented by
Topping 58, and Elmer 6438 from the same Province, and by Bur. Sci. 3304
Ramos, from Rizal Province, Luzon.

Endemic.

6. Strongylodon crassifolius Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1904) 85.

Luzon, Province of Bataan, Mariveles, (Warburg 12899).

A species known to me only by description. The types of this, and of S. war-
burgii, are in the Berlin Herbarium, but at the time of my visit there in January,
1908, neither had been distributed into the herbarium, and were hence un-
available for study. Described as having long, circinnate tendrils, a character
otherwise unknown in the genus,

Endemic.

7. Strongylodon pulcher C. B. Robinson in Philip. Journ. Sci. 3 (1908)
Bot. 184.

MINDANAO, District of Zamboanga, Williams 2362: Lake Lanao, Mrs. Clemens
415, 8. MN.

Endemic.

72. MUCUNA. Adans.

Perennials; pods flat or cylindric, winged on both sides, the seeds large, flattened
or globose, with a hilum extending round the greater part of their periphery
(Subgen. ZOOPTHALMUM).

Pods with plaits across their faces (§ C1TTa).
Pod 5 to 7 em wide, with numerous, very irritating, brown — flowers
dark-purple ............1..-...ssssosssesesescsnensepeenstuatensssesssetsasesseeeeesenemnees M. nigricans
Pod 3 em wide, with few and scarcely stinging hiars: Palle nearly white,
M. curranii
Pods without plaits across their faces (§ CARPOPOGON ).
Pods flat, broad, glabrous, or with long stinging hairs.
Pods about 20 cm long, less than 1 em thick, glabrous, distinctly reticulate,
terminated by a slender 1 to 2 em long acumen........ 3. M. mindorensis
Pods less than 15 cm long, rusty-hispid with stinging hairs, 1 to 1.5 em
thick, not reticulate, the tip rounded or obtuse, sometimes with a
very short apiculus........-------e-s-eeceseeeececsees seen eeeeesereteenetes 4. M. gigantea
Pods cylindric, densely pubescent with very short, gray, nonirritating hairs.
5. M. longipedunculata

eo

bias tart. ov nek ey «otek 2) co eal bt he “seta cin (ani Sh Nii a cote

, os tlie “= eae Ene

116 MERRILL.

Annuals or perennials, with turgid, somewhat hooked pods, not winged; seeds
small, oval, with a small lateral hilum (Subgen. Srizotoprum).
Pods densely covered with brown, stiff, very irritating hairs.
Leaves densely gray-tomentose beneath, the leaflets mostly broader than long,

the terminal one usually retuse, chartaceous ................ 6. M. sericophylla
Leaves slightly pubescent beneath, the leaflets longer than broad, acute or
acuminate, membranaceous ...............-...-.--2ccssssecececseeeveeeceseareees 7. M. pruriens

Pods finely and softly gray-pubescent, the hairs not at all irritating, longi-
tudinally ridged in the median portion. ..........0..0.0.00.0. 2000 cccccesceeee see 8. M. nivea
Pods densely and softly purplish-velvety, not or very obscurely longitudinally
EE: | Deine ctuchaiethb bl Nt akerchatcbandh dusislin> civiadrbdedibinsendaivesianots paetalipatiece 9. M. deeringiana

Pods unknown; racemes about 13 em long, and with the calyx yellow-tomentose
with short hairs, and with interspersed longer ones; young shoots, petioles,

and under surface of the leaflets ferruginous-tomentose; flowers 5.5 to 6.5-

| ea [agli ENTER BSD ste sai ons aa ees Sieead kLaneanlee aeecteenhs 10. Mf. aurea

1. Mucuna nigricans (Lour.) Steud. Nom. ed. 2, 2 (1841) 163.

Citta nigricans Lour. Fl. Cochinch. (1790) 456.

Carpopogon imbricatum Roxb. Hort. Beng. (1814) 54, nomen.

Mucuna imbricata DC. Prodr. 2 (1825) 406; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind.
2 (1876) 185; Prain in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 66* (1897) 65; Merr. in Philip.
Journ. Sei. 1 (1906) Suppl. 67.

Negretia urens Blanco Fl. Filip. (1837) 586, ed. 2 (1845) 409, ed. 3, 2: 387.

Mucuna monosperma F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 63, non DC.

Stizolobium imbricatum O. Ktze. Rev. Gen. Pl. (1891) 208.

Zoopthalmum nigricans Prain I. c. as syn.

Luzon, Province of Cagayan, Bolster 126: Province of Zambales, Hallier s. n.:
Province of Pampanga, Merrill 3914: Province of Bataan, Bur. Sci. 1885 Fow-
worthy, Whitford 1028, Merrill 3783, Williams 231:. Province of Tayabas, Cuming
688. PoLttto, Bur. Sci. 6969 Robinson. Minporo, For. Bur. 11455 Merritt.
Leyte, Elmer 7138. MINDANAO, Province of Surigao, Bolster 314: District of
Zamboanga, For. Bur. 9093 Whitford: District of Davao, Copeland 944.

Native names: Duglo (Bataan) ; baluctot (Polillo) ; alilipai (Zamboanga) ;
buquitquit, lipai, ex Blanco.

Himalayan region to Indo-China and the Andaman Islands; probably also in:

the Malay Archipelago. Closely allied species are M. junghuhniana (O. Kuntze)
Prain, of Java, and M. cyanosperma K. Sch. from the Moluccas.

2. Mucuna curranii Elmer Leafl. Philip. Bot. 1 (1907) 230.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Hlmer 8442, Williams 1424, Merrill 4818, For.
Bur, 5111 Curran, locally known to the Igorots as dungan.

Endemic.

3. Mucuna mindorensis Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 3 (1908) Bot.- 231.

Mucuna acuminata Merr. |. ec. 1 (1906) Suppl. 196, non Grah.

Mrinporo, McGregor 322, 220, For. Bur. 6861 Merritt, Merrill 4069. It is
probably also represented by J’or, Bur. 10289 Curran, from Tayabas Province,
Luzon, and For. Bur. 2955 Ahern’s collector, from Rizal Province, Luzon, both
without fruits.

Endemic.

4. Mucuna gigantea (Willd.) DC. Prodr. 2 (1825) 405; Baker in Hook. f.
Fl, Brit. Ind. 2 (1876) 186; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 63; Vid. Rev. Pl. Vase.
Filip. (1886) 109; Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1904) 86.

Dolichos giganteus Willd. Sp. Pl. 3 (1800) 1041.

Carpopogon giganteum Roxb. Hort. Beng. (1814) 54.

Stizolobium giganteum Spreng. Syst. 4 (1827) Cur. Post. 281.

ENUMERATION OF PHILIPPINE LEGUMINOSAE. 117

Zoopthalmum giganteum Prain in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 667 (1897) 68,
as syn.

Luzon, Province of Cagayan, For. Bur, 16704 Bacani: Province of Ilocos Norte,
Cuming 1087: Province of Bataan, For. Bur. 5976, 6381 Curran. PoLiLLo, Bur.
Sci. 6868, 9260 Robinson. MINDANAO, District of Davao, Williams 2698, Cope-
land 622: Province of Surigao, Merrill 5438. f

Always found near the seashore; India, Indo-China, the Malay Peninsula and
Archipelago, to Polynesia.

5. Mucuna longipedunculata Merr. in Govt: Lab. Publ. (Philip.) 29
(1905) 18.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Elmer 8949a, 6233. Minpanao, Province of
Surigao, Bolster 394.

The last specimen cited has mature pods which are cylindric, 16 em long and
3.56 cm in diameter,

Endemic.

6. Mucuna sericophylla Perk, Frag. Fl. Philip. (1904) 86.

Mucuna luzoniensis Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 1 (1906) Suppl. 196.

Luzon, Province of Cagayan, Warburg 12438 (type, in herb. Berol.) : District
of Lepanto, Bur. Sci. 7046 Ramos: Province of Union, Elmer 5599 (type of M.
luzoniensis): Province of Benguet, Williams 1423, Elmer 8910: Province of Pan-
gasinan, Cuming 954 (in herb. Kew.): Province of Zambales, For. Bur. 5870
Curran. Minporo, For. Bur. 6194, 6195 Merritt. Leyte, Elmer 7247. MIn-
DANAO, Lake Lanao, Mrs. Clemens 355, 882.

The types of Mucuna sericophylla and M. luzoniensis are not identical, but
additional material shows a number of intergrades, and I am now of the opinion
that the species can not be distinguished from one another. The species shows
some variation, but in all essential characters appears to be constant; the leaflets
are not all emarginate, but frequently are blunt or acute, or even shortly apiculate-
acuminate. It is manifestly allied to M. pruriens.

Endemic. *

7. Mucuna pruriens (Linn.) DC. Prodr. 2 (1825) 405; Baker in Hook. f.
Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1876) 187; Prain in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 66% (1897) 68;
F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 63: Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1904) 86.

Dolichos pruriens Linn. Syst. Nat. ed. 10 (1859) 1162.

Stizolobium pruriens Pers. Syn. 2 (1807) 299.

Carpopogon pruriens Roxb. Hort. Beng. (1814) 54.

Negretia pruriens Blanco FI. Filip. ed. 2 (1845) 411, ed. 3, 2: 389: Naves
l. c. ed. 3, pl. 381.

Mucuna atropurpurea F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 63, non DC.

Luzon, Province of Laguna, Bur. Sci. 6020 Robinson: Province of Rizal,
Merrill s, n.: Manila, from cultivated plants, seeds from Rizal Province, Merrill
6348, s. n., Shaw 219,

Native names: Nipai, lipai (Bataan, Laguna).

In various forms throughout the Tropics; the above form India to Malaya.

8. Mucuna nivea -(Roxb.) W. & A. Prodr. (1834) 255; Baker in Hook. f. FI.
Brit. Ind. 2 (1876) 188; F:-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 63; Piper & Tracy in U. S.
Dept. Agr. Bureau Plant Industry Bull. 179 (1910) 15, pl. 4, fig. A.

. Carpopogon niveum Roxb, Hort. Beng. (1814) 54, nomen nudum, Fl. Ind. 3
(1832) 286.

Negretia mitis Blanco Fl. Filip. (1837) 588, ed. 2 (1845) 410, ed. 3, 2:388;
Naves I. c. ed. 3, pl. 405, non Ruiz & Pav.

Mucuna lyonit Merr,. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 1 (1906) Suppl. 197.

are Ce ee ee. ee a a | ee ee ee

- tai oe ae. oe a ee Oe Sa Se

\ ee ae ee ie ee ee. ee et

i

118 MERRILL.

Luzon, Province of Cagayan, lor. Bur. 18596 Alwarez: Manila, from cultivated
plants, seeds from Pampanga Province, Lyon s. 7.

Native name: Sabual (Pampanga).

Messrs. Piper and Tracy have recently studied the various cultivated forms of
Mucuna, under the title “The Florida Velvet Bean and Related Plants” 1. ¢., and
have come to the conclusion that the Philippine Mucuna lyonii Merr., is identical
with the Indian M. niveum W. & A., or as they prefer to call it, Stizolobiwm
niveum (Roxb.) O. Ktze. They are undoubtedly correct in the above conclusion,
but I can not coneur with them in the opinion that “Mucuna nivea DC.” which
is a nomen nudum, based on Carpopogon niveum Roxb. Hort. Beng. (1814) 54,
nomen nudum, is a species distinct from Mucuna nivea W. & A. Under present
rules DeCandolle’s name, not being properly “published” has no standing. The
chief character by which Messrs. Piper & Tracy attempt to separate “Mucuna
nivea DC.,” from M, nivea W. & A., is that the legumes, when ripe, are entirely
free from pubescence, a character expressly stated by Roxburgh in the original
description of his Carpopogon niveum, Fl. Ind. 3 (1832) 285, on which Mucuna
nivea W, & A. was based.

India; cultivated in other warm countries.

9. Mucuna deeringiana (Bort) comb. noy.

Stizolobium deeringianum Bort U. 8. Dept. Agr. Bureau Plant Ind. Bull. 141
(1909) 31, pl. 2, 3.

Luzon, Province of Pampanga, ‘Merrill s. n.: Province of Bataan, Lamao,
For. Bur. 1817 Borden. :

The origin of the above species is unknown, and its status is not definitely
known. The two Philippine specimens were undoubtedly raised from American
seeds, the first from seeds distributed by the Philippine Bureau of Agriculture,
while the second appeared in nursery beds at Lamao. For a history of the
form see Bort, Katherine Stephens, “The Florida Velvet Bean and its History.” ”
It is possible that the species is only a cultural form of Mucuna nivea, M. velutina,
or some other species.

10. Mucuna aurea C. B. Rob. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 3 (1908) Bot. 183.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Williams 1292.

Endemic,

This last species can not be placed in its proper section until fruits are
secured; it is well characterized among the Philippine species by its ferruginous-
tomentose indumentum.

The generic name Mucuna Adans. (1763) has been retained in accordance
with the list of nomina conservanda of the Vienna Botanical Congress. Older
names are Stizolobium and Zoopthalmum, both of P. Browne (1756), and both
of these have been taken up by various later authors. The whole subject has
been well discussed by Prain, who treats both P. Browne’s names as sub-
genera of Mucuna, but expresses the opinion that both Zoopthalmum and Stizolo-
bium will probably at an early date be again considered generically distinct.

EXCLUDED SPECIES.

Muouna caprrara W. & A.; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) °63.
I have seen no Philippine material that I consider referable to this species;
probably credited to the Philippines on an erroneous identification.

%*U, S. Dept. Agr. Bureau of Plant Industry, Bull. 141% (1909) 25-82.
tT Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 667 (1897) 404-407.

ore Ri Tire

ENUMERATION OF PHILIPPINE LEGUMINOSAE. 119
73. SPATHOLOBUS Hassk.

1. Spatholobus gyrocarpus (Wall.) Benth. Pl. Jungh. (1852) 238; Mig. Fl.
Ind. Bat. 12 (1855) 204; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1876) 204; F.-Vill.
Nov. App. (1880) 63; Vid. Phan. Cuming. Philip. (1885) 109, Rev. Pl. Vase.
Filip. (1886) 110; Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1904) 87; Prain ex King in Journ.
As. Soe. Beng. 667 (1897) 76.

Butea gyrocarpa Wall. Cat. (1832) no. 5442. ;

Luzon, Province of Rizal, Merrill 2685, Bur, Sci. 3268 Ramos, For, Bur. 464,
1149, 2957 Ahern’s collector: Province of Albay, Cuming 945.

Native name: Jpal, ipales (Rizal).

Penang and Perak.

A possible second species of the genus is represented by Merrill 4002 trom
Atimonan, Tayabas Province, Luzon, but the fruits are dehiscent throughout their
length, and contain four seeds; they are very similar to those of Hrythrina
subumbrans. As there is some chance that this number represents a mixture of
material, the pods having been picked up from the ground, | do not consider it
advisable to describe it at the present time.

74. GALACTIA P. Br.

1. Galactia tenuiflora (Klein) W. & A. Prodr. (1834) 206; Baker in Hook.
f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1876) 192.

Glycine tenuiflora Klein ex Willd. Sp. Pl. 3 (1800) 1059; DC. Prodr. 2
(1825) 241.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Kias, Elmer 6613 (det. Prain) : Province of
Rizal, San Pedro Macati, Shaw 388.

India to Ceylon, Siam, tropical Africa, Malaya, and Australia; not previously
reported from the Philippines.

75. DIOCLEA H. B. K.

Pods very densely and softly villous with long, spreading, persistent, ferrugi-

TOUS WAALS soc. .neno-cecers -oes «-00--nen-nesein anne saat pee eR Aesan Sven 954 chan=ae+=-neponinnas 1. D. umbrina
Pods slightly pubescent with short, appressed hairs, ultimately subglabrescent.
2. D. reflexa

1. Dioclea umbrina Elmer Leafl. Philip. Bot, 1 (1907) 224.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Elmer 8922: Province of Rizal, Merrill 1621.
Leyte, Elmer 8922.

A species well characterized by its very densely ferruginous-villous pods. ‘The
flowexs are as yet unknown, and it is possible that the species does not belong
to the genus.

Endemic.

2. Dioclea reflexa Hook. f. Niger Flora (1849) 306; Baker in Hook. f. FI.
Brit. Ind. 2 (1876) 196; Rolfe in Journ, Bot. 23 (1885) 212; Vidal Phan.
Cuming. Philip. (1885) 109, Rev. Pl. Vase. Filip. (1886) 110; Prain in Journ,
As. Soc. Beng. 667 (1897) 59, Ann. Bot. Gard. Calcutta 9° (1901) 30, pl. 40;
Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1904) 87.

Luzon, Province of Laguna, Cuming 521: Province of Rizal, For. Bur, 3333
Ahern’s collector. Mtnpvoro, Merrill 4038, McGregor 227, For. Bur. 6876 Merritt.

Widely distributed in the Tropies of the world.

;

" 2. ee

120 MERRILL.

76. LUZONIA Elmer.

1. Luzonia purpurea Elmer Leafl. Philip. Bot. 1 (1907) 220.

Dioclea sp.? Merr. in Philip. Journ, Sci. 1 (1906) Suppl. 67.

Luzon, Province of Tayabas, Lucban, Elmer 9013, May, 1907: Province of
Bataan, Lamao River, Mor. Bur, 3050 Borden, May, 1905.

This endemic, monotypie genus is undoubtedly closely allied to Canavalia,
and even more closely to Dioelea, to the latter genus especially by its staminal
characters, the fertile anthers being reduced to six. It seems, however, to be
distinguished from Dioclea, as well as from Canavalia, by its calyx characters.
The probability of the plant representing a new genus was suggested to me by
Doctor Prain in January, 1906, to whom a duplicate of Borden’s specimen had
been sent for identification. Regarding this specimen, Doctor Prain wrote as
follows: “I do not agree with you in thinking that it is a Dioclea. The leaf is
wonderfully suggestive of Canavalia, but I should not be surprised, when fruit
is found, that you have near a new genus. It should be in the neighborhood of
Dioclea and Canavalia.” The fruit is as yet unknown.

77. MACROPSYCHANTHUS Harms.

Leaves nearly glabrous; pod rather flat, about 18 em long........ 1. M. mindanaensis
Leaves rather strongly ferruginous-pubescent; pod turgid, mostly 10 to 15 em
coe eon SERA RE COS bin OR DEE. |. 6. TS EDs CR RE oe 2. M. ferrugineus

1. Macropsychanthus mindanaensis sp. nov.

Frutex scandens, glabra vel subglabra ; foliis trifoliolatis, foliolis ovato-
ellipticis, subglabris, valde acuminatis; stipulis basi productis; racemis
elongatis, multifloris; floribus albido-purpureis, circiter 3 cm longis,
vexillis basi auriculatis; staminibus omnibus fertilibus; leguminibus 18
cm longis, 5 cm latis, pubescentibus.

A woody vine reaching a height of 10 m, nearly glabrous. Stems
grayish, glabrous, terete, lenticellate, the shoots also glabrous. Petioles
12 to 15 cm long, slightly hairy or ultimately glabrous, each subtended
by a pair of pubescent stipules which are attached by their central part,
the lower part produced at nearly right angles from the upper, both free
parts less than 5 mm long. Leaflets ovate-elliptic, chartaceous, some-
what shining when dry, of the same color on both surfaces, glabrous, or
the lower surface with a few scattered hairs especially on the midrib and
nerves, 10 to 15 cm long, 6 to 10 em wide, base rounded or acute, the
apex abruptly and rather slenderly acuminate; nerves 8 to 10 on each side
of the midrib, prominent; petiolules pubescent, 5 to 8 mm long; stipels
acicular, pubescent, nearly as long as the petiolules. Racemes up to 40
em in length, glabrous below, above, at least when young, ferruginous-
pubescent, flower-bearing in the upper half, the nodes produced as club-
shaped branchlets which become stout and woody in fruit and nearly
1 cm long, each bearing several flowers, and each subtended by a linear-
lanceolate, deciduous, acuminate, 5 mm long, pubescent bract. Flowers
about 3 cm long, pale-purple. Calyx 1.5 cm long, pubescent externally,
villous within, the lower three teeth oblong-ovate, 8 mm long, 4 mm wide,
blunt, the upper two connate into a 5 mm long and 7 mm wide lobe

SS eS ae.) ei ee

ENUMERATION OF PHILIPPINE LEGUMINOSAE. 121

which is retuse at the apex. Petals all clawed, and about equal in length ;
standard with a 7 mm long claw, the lamina orbicular, retuse, 2.5 cm
wide, with two auricular callosities at the base. Stamens all fertile, the
vexillary filament free at the base, united above with the others. Ovary
densely villous. Pods (immature) about 18 cm long, 5 cm wide, rather
flat, not much thickened on the dorsal suture, ferruginous-pubescent, the
apex acuminate. Seeds 3 to 5.

MINDANAO, Province of Surigao, Bolster 330, with flowers and immature fruits,
April, May, 1906, in forests along streams at an altitude of about 60 m.

Of the two species here described, the above approaches closest to the type
of the genus, Macropsychanthus lauterbachii Harms, of New Guinea. It is,
however, quite distinct from that species.

2, Macropsychanthus ferrugineus sp. nov.

Frutex scandens, ramulis foliis inflorescentiisque ferrugineo-pubescen-
tibus; foliolis ovatis vel elliptico-ovatis, acuminatis, stipitellatis; stipulis
basi productis; floribus 2.5 cm longis; staminibus omnibus fertilibus ;
leguminibus usque ad 18 cm longis, 7 cm latis ; seminibus 2.5 cm diametro,
hilo lineari semicinctis.

A scandent woody vine reaching a height of at least 10 m, the stems
grayish-brown, terete, lenticellate, glabrous, the younger parts rather
strongly ferruginous-villous as are the petioles and leaflets. Leaves
very similar to those of Philippine Dioclea reflexa; petiole about 15 cm
long, subtended by a pair of 1 to 1.5 em long stipulés attached by their
median portions, and about equally long above and below the point of
attachment; leaflets ovate to elliptic-ovate, subcoriaceous, 10 to 20 cm
long, 5 to 13 em wide, ferruginous-villous on both surfaces; nerves 11
to 13 on each side of the midrib; petiolules about 5 mm long; stipels
acicular, villous, about as long as the petiolules. Racemes 30 to 40 cm
long, ferruginous-pubescent, flower-bearing in the upper half, the nodes
produced as short, club-shaped branchlets, each bearing several flowers,
each node subtended by a lanceolate, deciduous, ferruginous bract about
7mm long. Flowers 2.5 cm long, pink. Calyx 1.5 cm long, ferruginous-
pubescent outside, somewhat villous within, the lower three teeth oblong-
ovate, about 7 mm long, 5 mm wide, the upper two connate into a 6 mm
long and wide lobe, cleft about one-third its length into divergent teeth.
Petals all clawed ; standard 2.5 cm long, the claw stout, about 7 mm. long,
the lamina orbicular, 2 cm wide, retuse, not auricled at the base but
with a thickened swelling; wings equalling the standard, about 8 mm
wide, decurrent-acuminate at the base; keel as long as the other petals,
incurved, hooded, 1 cm wide (not spread), decurrent-acuminate at the base.
Staminal-tube curved, the filaments all antheriferous, the vexillary one
free at the base, somewhat united with the others above. Ovary villous.
Pod almost woody, turgid, 11 to 18 cm long, 6 to 7 cm wide, at first
ferruginous-pubescent, when very old glabrous or nearly so, nearly 1 cm
thick on the dorsal suture, at least 2 cm thick in the middle. Seeds

122 MERRILL.

two or three, nearly circular in outline, 2.5 em in diameter, 2 em thick,

smooth, shining, brown, mottled with darker color, the hilum linear,
extending more than one-half around the seed.

Mrinpanao, Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley, Mrs. Clemens 419, and three sheets
without number, :

This species in superficial characters is very similar to Dioclea reflewa Hook.
f., and was at first considered by me to belong in that genus, as an intermediate
between the sections Pachylobium and Hudioclea, having 10 fertile stamens and
a linear hilum; it seems, however, to be referable to the above genus, in spite of
its similarity to Dioclea refleca. The flowers of both the above species are only
about one-half as large as those of MW. lauterbachii Harms, but structurally they
appear to be about the same. If the two species here described are correctly
treated generically, then Macropsychanthus must be very closely allied to Dioclea,

This previously monotypic genus was based on Macropsychanthus lauterbachii
Harms in Schumann & Lauterbach Fl. Deutsch. Schutzgeb. Siidsee (1901) 366,
pl. 10, and the presence of additional representatives in the Philippines is a case
of interest from the point of geographical distribution.

78. PUERARIA DC.

PR AATEC OR 4 ERA LOC ad. 50 cs 2s se cacecte hi tuedes oe vkwaptve spayed oce~<dee-so0sotanaaht taertret te 1. P. tetragona
Branches terete.
Flowers in simple racemes, medium sized; leaflets stipellate.

Stipules not produced below their point of attachment; leaflets mostly
medium-sized or small, rounded, acute, or apiculate-acuminate; pods
slightly hairy, subglabrescent, less than 5 mm wide...... 2. P. phaseoloides

Stipules peltate, much produced below their point of attachment; leaflets
ample, acuminate, rarely lobed; pods densely. hirsute, about 8 mm wide.

3. P. thunbergiana
Flowers. small, in dense, spike-like racemes which are paniculately arranged;
leaflets not stipellate, strongly acuminate.................-............ 4. P. warburgii

1, Pueraria tetragona sp. nov.
Scandens, plus minus hirsuta, ramis quadrangulatis; foliolis ovatis
vel oblongo-ovatis, integris, submembranaceis, acuminatis, lateralibus

plus minus obliquis; stipulis lanceolatis, deciduis, basi non productis;

racemis axillaribus, solitariis, quam petioli brevioribus; floribus albis,
circiter 7 mm longis; leguminibus lineari-oblongis, leviter hirsutis, 5
mm latis.

A scandent annual, the stems distinctly 4-angled, hirsute, especially
on the angles, with reflexed, brownish hairs. Leaves alternate, trifolio-
late, the petiole slightly hirsute, 5 to 8 cm long, produced 1 to 2 em
above the insertion of the lateral leaflets; leaflets submembranaceous,
green and somewhat shining when dry, both surfaces with very few,
scattered hairs, entire, base rounded or subacute, apex sharply acuminate,
the lateral ones somewhat inequilateral, 7 to 12 em long, 3 to 6.5 em
wide, with a pair of subbasal nerves, and three of four nerves on each
side of the midrib above the basal pair; petiolules 2 to 3 mm long, hirsute,
the stipels acicular, about 1 mm long; stipules lanceolate, acuminate,
less than 5 mm long. Racemes axillary, solitary, 2 to 3 em long, the

ae a | ee le oe

ENUMERATION OF PHILIPPINE LEGUMINOSAE. 123

rachis, bracts, bracteoles, and calyces hirsute with elongated, scattered,
usually appressed hairs. Flowers white, about 7 mm long, usually in
pairs from a swollen node, each node subtended by two or three narrowly
lanceolate, acuminate, hirsute, 2 to 3 mm long bracts; pedicels 2 to 3
mim long, with a pair of bracteoles, similar to the bracts, near the apex.
Calyx 5 mm long, the lower three teeth lanceolate, acuminate, 3 mm
long, subequal, the upper two connate for one-half their length into a
deeply cleft lobe as long as the lower teeth. Standard 6 mm long,
obovate-orbicular, rounded, clawed, not auricled or callose; wings equal-
ling the standard, adherent to the keel and geniculate, with an oblong, 8
mm long, obtuse auricle at the geniculation; keel as long as the other
petals, very similar in size and shape to the wings, auricled. Stamens all
fertile, the vexillary one united with the rest. Ovary linear-lanceolate,
sessile, slightly hirsute; style glabrous, slightly curved. Pods flat, 4 to 5
em long, about 5 mm wide, hirsute with scattered hairs, acuminate,
slightly constricted between the seeds, each containing from 6 to 8,
compressed, brown seeds about 2.5 mm long.

PALAWAN, near Puerto Princesa, Bur. Sci. 295 Bermejos, January, 1906. A
species readily recognizable by its 4-angled stems.

2. Pueraria phaseoloides (Roxb.) Benth. in Journ, Linn. Soc. Bot. 9 (1865)
125; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1876) 199; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880)
64; Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1904) 87; Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sei. 1 (1906)
Suppl. 67.

Dolichos phaseoloides Roxb. Fl. Ind. 3 (1832) 316.

Pachyrhizus teres Blanco Fl. Filip. (1837) 580.

Pachyrhizus montanus Blanco 1. e. ed, 2 (1845) 406, ed 3, 2:381.

Dioscorea bolojonica Blanco |. ¢. ed. 1 (1837) 800, ed. 2 (1845) 551, ed. 3,
33208.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, For. Bur. 15704 Merritt & Darling: Province of
Tarlac, Merrill 3620: Province of Bulacan, Yoder 42: Province of Bataan, Merrill
1547, 38778, For. Bur. 2340 Borden, Elmer 6719. Minpanao, Lake Lanao, Mrs.
Clemens 640.

India to southern China, the Malay Peninsula and Archipelago.

3. Pueraria thunbergiana (S. & Z.) Benth. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 9
(1865) 122; Forbes & Hemsl. 1. ce. 23 (1887) 191; Merr. in Philip. Journ, Sci.
3 (1908) Bot. 410.

Dolichos hirsutus Thunb. in Trans. Linn. Soe. 2 (1794) 237, non Pueraria
hirsuta Kurz (1873).

Pachyrhizus thunbergianus 8S. & Z. Fl. Jap. Fam. Nat. 2 (1846) 113.

Neustanthus chinensis Benth. Fl. Hongk. (1861) 86.

BaTANES IsLANpDs, Batan, Bur. Sei. 3833 Fénix. BABUYANES ISLANDS, Cami-
guin, Bur. Sci. 4116 Fénix. Luzon, Province of Benguet, Hlmer 6600: Province
of Tayabas, Bur. Sci. 6803 Robinson: BANTON, McGregor 347. Nraros, For, Bur,
13712, 17339 Curran.

India to Korea and Japan, south to Formosa; possibly also in the Buru
Archipelago.

The specimen from Buru Island mentioned by Forbes & Hemsley may be refer-
able to P. textilis Laut. & K. Sch., rather than to P. thunbergiana. The former
is described as having sessile flowers, but in all the material of P. thunbergiana

ee ee? ee Ne re, Pee ee

ae

27 GY ee ee

124 MERRILL.

I have examined the flowers are pedicelled. Prain®™ asserts that with the
abundant material now available for study it is imposible to distinguish Pueraria
thompsoni Benth. from P. thunbergiana Benth., even as a variety.

4. Pueraria warburgii Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1904) 87.

Glycine warburgvi Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sei. 3 (1908) Bot. 231.

Luzon, Province of Albay, For. Bur, 12392 Curran. MINDANAO, District of
Davao, Baganga, Merrill 5430; Santa Cruz, Williams 2953; Taumo, Warburg
14664 (type in herb. Berol.!); DeVore &€ Hoover 368.

This species was previously transferred by me to Glycine, but I am now of
the opinion that it belongs properly in the genus Pueraria; in young specimens
the swollen nodes of the inflorescence are not very evident, but are distinct in
more mature material. The same species, or a closely allied one, is also found
in Celebes; see Perkins 1. ¢.

79. CANAVALIA DC. (Canavali Adans.).

Pod turgid, often nearly flat along the dorsal suture, 10 em long or less, about
4.5-om) Wide; leatlote: @CuUMIMATE.........:. sisi. cock Lis pele obeepeen ees 1. C. turgida
Pod usually flat, if turgid then usually less than 3 cm wide, or if 4.5 em wide, —
then exceeding 20 cm in length.
Leaflets broad and rounded at the apex, or even retuse; a littoral species.

2. OC. lineata

Leaflets acuminate; inland species, wild and cultivated.
Pod less than 20 cm in length and 3 em in width.....0..0000000.... 3. CO. ensiformis
Pod 25 to 30 cm long, 4 to 5 em wide......0......ee eee Wecnintenids 4. 0. gladiata

1. Canavalia turgida Grah, in Wall. Cat. (1832) no. 5534; Miq. Fl. Ind.
Bat. 1* (1855) 215; Prain in Journ. As. Soe. Beng. 66* (1897) 417; Merr. in
Philip. Journ. Sci. 3 (1908) Bot. 81, 410.

Canavalia ensiformis var. turgida Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1876)
196; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 64.

Canavalia virosa Naves in Blanco Fl. Filip. ed. 3, pl. 319, non W. & A.

Canavalia obtusifolia Prain in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 66° (1897) 63; Perk.
Frag. Fl. Philip. (1904) 88; Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 1 (1906) Suppl. 67,
non DC. . ;

BATANES ISLANDS, Batan, Bur. Sci. 3189 Mearns: BABUYANES ISLANDS, Cami-
guin, Bur. Sci. 4071 Fénia. Luzon, Province of Cagayan, Bur, Sci. 7423 Ramos:
Province of Zambales, Hallier s. n.: Province of Pampanga, Merrill 1424: Prov-
ince of Bataan, For. Bur, 5931 Curran, Williams 317, Merrill 3172: Province of
Tayabas, Whitford 707, Gregory 88. PorttLo, Bur. Sci. 9238 Robinson. Min-
poro, Merrill 1292. PALAWAN, Merrill 700, Bur. Sci. 337 Bermejos. BALABAC,
Bur. Sci. 494 Mangubat. Trcao, For. Bur. 1051 Clark. Neraros, For. Bur. 5618
Hverett. PANAy, Copeland 109. MinpANnao, Lake Lanao, Mrs. Clemens s. n.

Native names: Daluyduy (Masbate) ; danglin (Mindoro).

Widely distributed in the Philippines, usually in thickets near the seashore,
but scarcely growing on the beach; also on the borders of Lake Lanao, Mindanao
(altitude about 800 m). Near the coast from India to southern China and
Formosa through Malaya. ;

The synonymy of this species has ‘been discussed by Prain,® who considers it
under the name of Canavalia turgida Grah., but states that it is the plant to
which the name Canavalia obtusifolia properly belongs. In this last conclusion
I do not concur, for Dolichos obtusifolius Lam. was based primarily on the

5 Journ. As, Soc. Beng. 66? (1897) 419.
wl, 448.

ENUMERATION OF PHILIPPINE LEGUMINOSAE. 125

references to Tournefort, Plumier, and Plukenet, and the description is mani-
festly not applicable to Canavalia turgida Grah., for the leaflets are described
as very obtuse or almost round, and the pod as 6 to 8 inches long and 14 inches
wide; moreover Lamarck in adding the reference to Rheede, which is Canavalia
turgida Grah., states “forté Katu-tjandi Rheed. Mal. 8. p. 83. t. 48.” Canavalia
obtusifolia DC. was based on Dolichos obtusifolius Lam., but DeCandolle reversed
the order of citing synonyms, giving Rheede precedence; the name is, however,
from Lamarck, and | consider Canavalia obtusifolia DC. to be typified by Dolichos
obtusifolius Lam., not by Katu-tjandi Rheede. As to the specific name of the
plant, turgida is probably the earliest valid one, although this point is not
certain. In this connection Prain states: “It [Canavalia turgida Grah.] is,
moreover, Dolichos rotundifolius Vahl, of which indeed DeCandolle had seen a
specimen, thus confirming the conclusion that Roxburgh had already formed.
This, from his drawing, is without any possibility of doubt Roxburgh’s Dolichos
rotundifolius.” I have not seen the original description of Dolichos rotundifolius
Vahl, but that given by Willdenow does not seem to me to apply to Canavalia
turgida Grah., as the leaflets are described as “ovali-subrotundis,” and the pods
as “Legumina tripollicaria unguem lata,” in which characters Vahl’s species
appears to me to concur with Canavalia lineata (Thunb.) DC., rather than with
C. turgida Grah. .

2. Canavalia lineata (Thunb.) DC. Prodr. 2 (1825) 404; Prain in Journ.
As. Soc. Beng. 66* (1897) 63; Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 3 (1908) Bot. 410.

Dolichos lineatus Thunb. Fl. Jap. (1784) 280.

Canavalia obtusifolia DC. Prodr. 2 (1825) 404; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit.
Ind. 2 (1876) 196; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 64.

Dolichos obtusifolius Lam. Eneyel. 2 (1786) 295.

Dolichos acinaciformis Blanco FI. Filip. (1837) 578 (?), non Jaeq.

Canavalia ensiformis Blanco }. ec. ed. 2 (1845) 404, ed. 3, 2:377 (2), non DC,

BATANES ISLANDS, Batan, Bur. Sci. 3680 Fénia. Luzon, Province of Cagayan,
For. Bur. 16612 Curran: Province of Union, Elmer 5650: Province of Zambales,
Merrill 342: Province of Bataan, Elmer 7033, Williams 319: Manila, McGregor
58, Torralba 207, Merrill 3423: Province of Tayabas, For. Bur. 9583 Curran,
Whitford 840. MINDANAO, District of Davao, Copeland 562: Province of Surigao,
Allen 169, Long s. n.: District of Zamboanga, Hallier s. n.

Along the seashore, usually growing in pure sand of the beach; coasts of
India to Japan, through Malaya to Australia; also in tropical America, if the
synonyms of DeCandolle and Lamarck are properly placed.

This species in floral characters is practically identical with Canavalia turgida
Grah., but its pods are quite different, and it can always be distinguished by
its rounded leaflets.

3. Canavalia ensiformis (Linn.) DC. Prodr. 2 (1825) 404; Baker in Hook.
f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1876) 195; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 64; Perk. Frag. FI.
Philip. (1904) 88; Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sei. 1 (1906) Suppl. 67.

Dolichos ensiformis Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 725.

LuzoN, Province of Cagayan, Bolster 188: District of Bontoc, For. Bur. 16553
Curran & Merritt: Province of Benguet, For. Bur. 15883 Bacani: Province of
Union, Féniw 12: Province of Zambales, Bur. Sci. 5119 Ramos: Province of
Pampanga, Bur. Sci. 1943 Foxworthy: Province of Pampanga, Merrill s. n.:
Province of Bataan, Elmer 6870, Merrill 1485, 1602, 3811, For. Bur. 79 Barnes,
For. Bur. 2197 Meyer, Williams 532: Province of Rizal, Bur. Sci. 11 Foxworthy:
Manila, Merrill 4094, Lyon s. n. LusBane, Merrill 963,

Sp. Pl. 3 (1800) 1040.

ra ee ee ee ee ee eee vere rs Oe eee Ae c (Te ee =. se ee ee,

126 MERRILL.

Widely distributed in the Philippines, some. forms probably cultivated, but
most of the specimens cited above from wild plants; Tropics of the world.
Exceedingly variable. |

4. Canavalia gladiata (Jacq.) DC. Prodr. 2 (1825) 404; Blanco FI. Filip.
ed. 2 (1845) 403, ed. 3, 2:376; Naves 1. c. ed. 3, pl. 449.

Deolichos gladiatus Jacq. Coll. 2 (1788) 276.

Dolichos ensiformis Blanco F]. Filip. (1837) 577.

Luzon, Manila, Merrill 3425, Bur. Sci. 5167 Ramos. Mtxpanao, Lake Lanao,
Mrs. Clemens 589, s. n.

All the specimens cited above are from cultivated plants, and this form is
unknown in the wild state in the Philippines. It is characterized by its very
large pods, which are from 25 to 30 em long, and about 5 em wide.

I am not at all sure that the specimens above cited represent true Canavalia
gladiata (Jaeq.) DC., as I have not seen the original deseription of the species;
it is reduced by most authors to Canavalia lineata (Linn.) DC.

Tropies of the world; certainly not a native of the Philippines,

80. CAJANUS DC.

1. Cajanus indicus Spreng. Syst. 3 (1826) 248; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. 1* (1855)
174; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1876) 217; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880)
66; Vid. Phan. Cuming. Philip. (1885) 109; Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1904) 88;
Prain ex King in Journ. As. Soc, Beng. 66* (1897) 47.

Cytisus cajan Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 739; Blanco FI. Filip. (1837) 597.

Cytisus pseudo-cajan Jaeq. Hort. Vindob. 2 (1772) 54, t. 119.

Cajan inodorum Medic. in Vorles, Churpf. Phys. Ges. 2 (1787) 363.

Cajanus bicolor DC. Cat. Hort. Monsp. (1813) 85, Prodr. 2 (1825) 406;
Blanco Fl. Filip. ed. 2 (1845) 416, ed. 3, 2:396; Naves 1. ¢. ed. 3, pl. 167.

Cajanus flavus DC. 1. ee.

Cajan cajan Millsp. Field. Columb. Mus. Bot. 2 (1900) 53.

Luzon, Province of Cagayan, For. Bur, 18604 Klemme, Merrill 191: Province
of Ilocos Norte, Bur, Sci. 2293 Mearns: Province of Benguet, Bur. Sci. 5828
Ramos: Province of Batangas, Marave 167: Province of Bataan, For. Bur, 2337

Borden, For. Bur. 2266 Meyer: Province of Rizal, Bur. Sci. 2170 Ramos: Manila, :

Ocampo 268: Minxvoro, For. Bur. 9872 Merritt, Bur. Sci. 6688 Robinson. Bu-
SUANGA, For. Bur. 35385 Curran. CuLion, Merrill 452. Baranac, Bur, Sci. 385
Mangubat. Maspare, Merrill 3055. Neoeros, Mufoz s. n. Mrtnpanao, Lake
Lanao, Mrs. Clemens 207, 245: District of Davao, DeVore & Hoover 119. Bast-
LAN, Hallier s. n. :

Native names: Caguios (Rizal, Batangas, Manila) ; callos (Balabac) ; cadios
(Mindoro); gablos (Bataan) ; cardis- (Ilocos, Cagayan); tabios (Masbate, Ne-
gros); caldis (Benguet).

Widely distributed in the Philippines and frequently cultivated; probably a
native of the Old World, but now distributed throughout the Tropics of the
world, 7

The most generally used specific name is here retained for this well-known
species, although it is by no means the oldest. Following the Vienna rules,
strictly, a new combination is necessary, whichever generic name is used. The
oldest generic name is Cajan Adans. (1763), which was corrected by DeCandolle
(1813) to Cajanus, and the case is not covered by the list of nomina conservanda
of the Vienna Botanical Congress, although following strict priority, Cajan
would be the correct generic name; both specific names proposed by DeCandolle
are older than the one proposed by Sprengel, under which the species is generally

, a

AE es

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ENUMERATION OF PHILIPPINE LEGUMINOSAE. 127

known. However, neither has been taken up, as there are still older ones
available. According to the Vienna rules, duplicate binomials are inadmissible,
and hence, if Cajan be accepted as the generic name, Cajan cajan (L.) Millsp.
is inadmissible and a new combination would be necessary; the oldest specific
name in this case would be from Cytisus pseudo-cajan Jaeq. (1772). If, how-
ever, Cajanus be retained as the generic name, the oldest specific name would
of necessity have to be taken from Cyfisus cajan Linn., as the combination of
the specific name cajan under the genus Cajanus hardly constitutes a duplicate
binomial. Under present rules Cajan cajan is inadmissible, but Cajanus cajan
is entirely proper and admissible (!), a very good illustration of inconsistency.

81. DUNBARIA W. & A.

Leaflets only slightly pubescent beneath, pale, but scarcely whitish.
1. D. cumingiana
Leaflets densely white-tomentose beneath ..............-..-...-------- ee ee 2. D. merrillit

1. Dunbaria cumingiana Benth. Pl. Jungh. (1852) 242; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat.
12 (1855) 177; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 66; Vid. Phan. Cuming. Philip. (1885)
109, Rev. Pl. Vase. Filip. (1886) 110.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Bur. Sei. 5760 Ramos: Provinee of Tayabas,
Cuming 819 (type in Herb. Kew.), Elmer 7799, Bur. Sci. 6046 Robinson: Province
of Rizal, Merrill 5074.

Endemic. .

2. Dunbaria merrillii Elmer Leafl. Philip. Bot. 1 (1907) 225 (as Dumbaria).

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Hlmer 8502 (type number): Province of Pan-
gasinan, Alberto 4: Province of Cagayan, Bur, Sei. 7411, 7872 Ramos.

_A species very closely allied to, and perhaps not specifically distinct from
the preceding, distinguished, so far as I can determine from the material at
hand, only by its more dense and whitish pubescence.

Endemic,

82. CANTHAROSPERMUM W. & A.

Petals marcescent; leaflets 4 to 7 em long; pods 5 to 7 cm in length... 1. C. volubile
Petals deciduous; leaflets 1.5 to 3 em long; pods less than 3 cm long.
2. C. scarabaeoides

1. Cantharospermum volubile (Blanco) comb. nov.

Cytisus volubilis Blaneo Fl. Filip. (1837) 599.

Cajanus volubilis Blanco 1. ¢. ed. 2 (1845) 417, ed. 3, 22398.

Dunbaria horsfieldii Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. 1* (1855) 179.

Atylosia mollis F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 66; Vid. Sinopsis Atlas (1883)
t. 41, fig. E, Phan. Cuming. Philip. (1885) 109, Rev. Pl. Vase. Filip. (1886) 110;
Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1904) 88, non Benth.

Atylosia crassa Prain in Journ, As. Soe, Beng. 66° (1897) 45.

Luzon, Province of Union, Elmer 5612: District of Lepanto, Bur. Sci. 7020
Ramos: Province of Rizal, For. Bur. 2157 Ahern’s collector. Upstan (Sulu
Archipelago), Merrill 5399.

India, Indo-China, the Andaman Islands, and the Malay Archipelago.

In regard to the specific name for this species, volubile, being by far the oldest
is here adopted. Blanco’s description of Cytisus volubilis, although short, applies
unmistakably to the material cited above. Prain™ has called attention to the
fact that Atylosia mollis Benth. is a mixture of two different species, and the
name, derived from Collaea mollis Grah., is applicable only to a Himalayan plant.

* Journ. As. Soe. Beng. 66° (1897) 46.

95495 3

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128 MERRILL.

He adopts the name Atylosia crassa, based on the nomen nudum, Dolichos crassus
Grah., for the Indo-Malayan form referred by most authors to Atylosia mollis
Benth.

2. Cantharospermum scarabaeoides (Linn.) Baill. in Bull. Soe. Linn. Paris
1 (1883) 384 (scarabaeoideum).

Dolichos scarabaeoides Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 726.

Rhnychosia scarabaeoides DC. Prodr. 2 (1825) 387.

Atylosia scarabaeoides Benth. Pl. Jungh. (1852) 245; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. 12
(1855) 173; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1876) 215; F.-Vill. Nov. App.
(1880) 66; Vid. Phan. Cuming. Philip. (1885) 109; Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip.
(1904) 88. ;

Luzon, Province of Cagayan, For. Bur. 18613 Klemme: District of Abra, Bur.
Sci. 7118 Ramos: Province of Benguet, Williams 1418: Province of Union, Elmer
5703; Province of Pampanga, Merrill 1431: Province of Bulacan, Yoder 140:
Province of Rizal, Cuzner 28. Minpvoro, Bur. Sci. 6659 Robinson. Masparter,
Merrill 3397. Mixpanao, Lake Lanao, Mrs. Clemens 774: District of Davao,
DeVore & Hoover 104.

Widely distributed in the Philippines at low altitudes in open grass-lands;
India, Indo-China, southern China, Malaya, Mariannes and Mascarene Islands.

The generic name Cantharospermum W. & A. has only page preference over
Atylosia W. & A., and the latter is by far the more commonly used one. The
fact that Atylosia was not included in the list of nomina conservanda of the
Vienna Botanical Congress is an excellent illustration of the inconsistency of that
list.

83. RHYNCHOSIA Lour.

1. Rhynchosia calosperma Warb. in Engl. Bot. Jahrb. 12 (1891) 314;
Schum. & Lauterb. Fl. Deutsch, Schutzgeb. Siidsee (1901) 370; Perk. Frag. FI.
Philip. (1904) 88.

Luzon, Province of Pampanga, Merrill 1443, locally known as balabalatungan.

New Guinea, the Bismarck Archipelago, and the Key Islands. :

I have followed Perkins in this identification; the type of the species has not
been seen by me.

DOUBTFUL AND EXCLUDED SPECIES.

RHYNCHOSIA FRIDERICIANA (Weinm.) DC. Prodr. 2 (1825) 387; F.-Vill. Nov.
App. (1880) 67.

Glycine fridericiana Weinm. in Flora 4 (1821) 29.

This species was described from specimens cultivated in Russia from seeds
said to have been received from the Philippines, and I have been unable to deter-
mine its status from the short description available here. M. C. DeCandolle
informs me that there is no specimén in the DeCandolle Herbarium, and Dr. A.
Fischer von Waldheim, Director of the Botanical Garden at St. Petersburg, in-
forms me that it is unrepresented in the Herbarium of that Institution.

tHYNCHOSIA VIscosA DC.; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 66.

RiryNcHosta DENSIFLORA DC.; F.-Vill. 1. ¢. 67. .

RHYNCHOSIA MINIMA DC.; F.-Vill. l. c. 66.

The above three species were credited to the Philippines by F.-Villar, but no
Philippine material has been seen by me, and accordingly they are not admitted
here.

The oldest name for the genus is Dolicholus Medic. (1787), but Rhynchosia
our. (1790) is here retained in accordance with the list of nomina conservanda
of the Vienna Botanical Congress.

eee ee oe ee ma be 2 Par Sc Mk etl a all a bd’ ge seling bes ieee
. \ « .

ENUMERATION OF PHILIPPINE LEGUMINOSAE. 129
84. ERIOSEMA DC,

1, Eriosema chinense Vog. in Nov. Act. Acad. Nat. Cur. 19 (1843) Suppl. 1:
31; Baker in Hook, f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1876) 219; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 66;
Vid. Rev. Pl. Vase. Filip. (1886) 111.

Crotalaria tuberosa Ham. in Don Prodr. (1825) 241, non Hriosema tuberosum
A. Rich. (1847).

Luzon, Province of Cagayan, Bur. Sci. 7891 Ramos: Province of Isabela, Bur.
Sci. 7982 Ramos: District of Lepanto, Merrill 4463: Province of Benguet, Bur.
Sci. 5827 Ramos, For. Bur. 5109, 5181 Curran, Bur. Sci. 2474, 2786, 2769 Mearns.
Elmer 6371: Province of Nueva Vizcaya, Merrill 402. SemerARA, Merrill 4135.

India to southern China, the Malay Peninsula and Archipelago, to northern
Australia.

85. FLEMINGIA Roxb.

Leaves 1-foliolate; flowers in small cymules enclosed by large, folded, persistent

bracts, and arranged in racemes longer than the leaves............ 1. I. strobilifera
Leaves 3-foliolate; flowers racemose or paniculate, the bracts small, deciduous.
Flowers arranged in lax, spreading, racemose panicles.................... 2. F. lineata

Flowers in very dense, congested, spike-like racemes, or panicled racemes..
Leaflets oblong, scarcely narrowed at the apex, rounded, or apiculate; plant

decumbent or prostrahe cisco eer es te cscenneqectensenes nn 3. F. philippinensis
Leaflets gradually narrowed to the acuminate or acute apex; plants erect or
suberect.
Leaves’ slightly pubescent beneath....................:.::2::-cceeese0- 4. I’. macrophylla
Leaves rather densely and softly villous beneath................ 5. F'. cumingiana

1. Flemingia strobilifera (Linn.) R. Br. in Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2, 4 (1812)
350; DC. Prodr. 2 (1825) 351; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. 17? (1855) 161; Baker in Hook.
f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1876) 227; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 67; Vid. Sinopsis Atlas
(1883) t. 40, fig. H, Rev. Pl. Vase. Filip. (1886) 111.

Hedysarum strobiliferum Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 764.

Luzon, Province of Ilocos Norte, Bur. Sci. 2273 Mearns: Province of Union,
Elmer 5557: Province of Pangasinan, For. Bur. 3652 Saroca: Province of Pam-
panga, Merrill 1435, Feliciano 290: Province of Rizal, Merrill 1335: Manila,
Abella 104: Province of Bataan, Whitford 47, Merrill 1589: Province of Tayabas,
Merrill 1896. Panay, Copeland s. n. CuLion, Merrill 439. Barapac, Bur. Sct.
501 Mangubat. MINDANAO, District of Zamboanga, For. Bur. 9254 Whitford &
Hutchinson. BasiILan, DeVore & Hoover 28.

Native names: COopa-copa (Pangasinan); paking, pakayam (Pampanga) ;
payang-payang (Rizal); paraparanahan, panapanalahan (Bataan, Tayabas) ;
pirangan (Balabac) ; caliacai (Zamboanga, Basilan) .

India to southern China, the Malay Peninsula and Archipelago; introduced
in Mauritius and the West Indies.

2. Flemingia lineata (Linn.) Roxb. Hort. Beng. (1814) 56, Fl. Ind. 3 (1832)
341; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1876) 228; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880)
67; Usteri Beitr. Ken. Philip. Veg. (1905) 116.

- Hedysarum lineatum Linn. Syst. ed. 10 (1759) 1170.

Flemingia blancoana Llanos Frag. (1851) 81; Blanco FI. Filip. ed. 3, 4*:62.

Luzon, Province of Bulacan, Mrs. Templeton.

India and Ceylon through Malaya to northern Australia; not reported from
the Malay Peninsula.

eh ee ee Se gS ee UD ee ee ee a ee Se ee. Se

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130 MERRILL.

3. Flemingia philippinensis Merr. & Rolfe in Philip. Journ. Sei. 3 (1908)
Bot. 103.

- Luzon, District of Bontoe, For. Bur. 16541 Curran: District of Lepanto,
Merrill 4460.

Endemic.

4. Fleminga macrophylla (Willd.) O. Kuntze ex Prain in Journ. As. Soe.
Beng. 66° (1897) 440, in nota,

Crotalaria macrophylla Willd. Sp. Pl. 3 (1800) 982.

Flemingia congesta Roxb. ex Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2, 4 (1812) 349; Baker in
Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1876) 228, pro parte; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 67;
Vid. Rev. Pl. Vase. Filip. (1886) 111.

Rhynchosia sericea Vid. Sinopsis Atlas (1883) ¢. 40, f. D.!; F.-Vill. Nov. App.
(1880) 67, prob., non Span.

Moghania macrophylla O. Kuntze Rev. Gen. Pl. (1891) 199.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Elmer 6241, For. Bur. 16224 Curran, Merritt, &
Zschokke: Province of Laguna, For. Bur. 8867 Curran: Province of Pampanga,
Merrill 1454: Province of Rizal, Merrill 1342: Province of Bataan, Whitford 76.
Cunion, Merrill 687. MINDANAO, Lake Lanao, Irs. Clemens 825.

India to southern China and Malaya.

Flemingia congesta Roxb., as interpreted by Baker in Hooker’s “Flora of
British India,” has been separated by Prain™ into no less than six species, and
two others, considered by Baker as synonyms of F. wallichii W. & A., are
regarded by Prain as distinct, and are placed by him with the segregates from
I’. congesta. Incidentally Doctor Prain credits O. Kuntze with the new com-
bination Flemingia macrophylla, but Kuntze originally made the transfer to
Moghania, not to Flemingia. At my request Dr. H. Harms has compared the
Philippine material with Willdenow’s type, and writes as follows: “I have
compared the specimen in Willdenow’s Herbarium, no. 13260, named Crotalaria
macrophylla Willd., with some Philippine specimens (i.e., Cuming’s) of Flemin-
gia congesta Roxb., and I think that they are identical; indeed 1 do not see
any differences between the specimens, so that Willdenow’s name must be admitted
as the oldest for the species, according to Doctor Kuntze’s statements. * * *
The Philippine specimens agree better with Willdenow’s type than do several of
the Indian specimens, in our herbarium, referred to I’, congesta Roxb.”

5. Flemingia cumingiana Benth. Pl. Jungh. (1852) 245; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat.
1* (1855) 67; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 67.

PHILIPPINES, without locality, Cuming s. n. in Herb. Kew. (type).

The type impresses me as being a rather densely pubescent form of the preced-
ing species, and I’. cumingiana may ultimately prove not to be separable from
that. I am disposed to refer to ’. cumingiana the following specimens, although
some of them have considerably larger leaflets than has the type of the species:
Luzon, Province of Abra, Bur. Sci. 7130 Ramos: Province of Bulacan, Yoder 152:
Provinee of Bataan, Merrill 1601.

Endemic.

FLEMINGIA INVOLUCRATA Benth. is recorded from the Philippines by F.-Villar,
Nov. App. 67; it extends from India to Java, but I have seen no Philippine
specimens.

Flemingia Roxb. is here retained as the name for this genus, although O.
Kuntze has adopted the generic name Moghania St. Hil. (1813), in which he has
been followed by Taubert in Engler & Prantl’s “Natiirlichen Pflanzenfamilien.”
Kuntze asserts that Flemingia was not published until 1819, (1814, nomen

® Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 66? (1897) 439.

ENUMERATION OF PHILIPPINE LEGUMINOSAE. 131

nudum), but “index Kewensis” gives the place of publication as volume four of the
second edition of Aiton’s “Hortus Kewensis,” the date of which is given by Pritzel
as 1812; this proves to be a valid publication and, if the dates are correct, then
Flemingia has priority over Moghania. The case is not covered by the list of
nomina conservanda of the Vienna Botanical Congress, although DeDalla Torre
& Harms in their “Genera Siphonogamarum” accept Flemingia Roxb. in preference
to Moghania St. Hil., giving the date of publication of the former as 1812.

86. PHASEOLUS Linn.
Stipules small, basifixed.
Scandent; pods glabrous.
Flowers less than 8 mm long; petals puberulent externally, greenish-yellow ;
pods broad, flattened, 1.5 to 2 cm WiAdE..........0..c22-+--sneasermsentoee> 1. P. lunatus
Flowers about 2.5 em long; petals glabrous, pink to purple; pods less than
1 em wide, subtorulose between the seeds....................... 2. P. adenanthus
ireet; pods appressed-pubescent, about 4 mm wide; flowers dark-purple.
3. P. semierectus
Stipules produced below the point of insertion; petals yellow, glabrous.
Leaflets linear-lanceolate to lanceolate, mostly less than 1 em in width; pods
glabrous or somewhat: strigaseeccisemet ses ftee----2~c2cs-—ps-vonasence-= 4. P. minimus
Leaflets ovate, oblong-ovate or orbicular-ovate exceeding 2 or 3 cm. in width.
Pods glabrous; leaflets usually repand or slightly lobed........ 5. P. calcaratus
Pods pubescent.
Ereet or scandent; leaflets pubescent or glabrous, not lobed, acute, obtuse,
or slightly acuminate, coultl wate e223 sn-5.-2.cc-s0ci---2eepance-+2- 6. P. radiatus
Seandent; fulvous-pubescent; leaflets rather strongly acuminate, lobed or
TOG UG 2025. sbeck sscn5cs-ans0nts dee MRM OR Igra- nanane toh <a 8b enbnz anaes 7. P. sublobatus

724; Blanco FI. Filip. (1837)

1. Phaseolus lunatus Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753)
l. c. ed. 3, pl. 352; Baker in Hook.

573, ed. 2 (1845) 400, ed. 3, 2: 370; Naves
f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1876) 200.

Phaseolus inamoenus Blanco FI. Filip. (1837) 271, ed. 2 (1845) 399 (err.
typ. mamatus), ed. 3, 2: 368, non (7) Linn.

Phaseolus vexillatus Blanco |. ¢. ed. 1, 574, non Linn.

Phaseolus vulgaris Blanco |. e. ed. 2 (1845) 401, ed. 3, 2: 371, non Linn.

Phaseolus ilocanus Blanco |. ¢e. ed. 1, (1837) 572.

Phaseolus tunkinensis Blanco |. ce. ed. 2 (1845) 399, ed. 3, 2:369; Naves 1. ¢.
ed. 3, pl. 369, non (7) Lour.

Luzon, Province of Cagayan, For. Bur. 16768 Curran: Province of Locos
Norte, Bur, Sci. 7615 Ramos, Bur, Sci. 2279 Mearns: Province of Abra, For. Bur.
14651 Darling: Province of Benguet, For, Bur. 16220, 16223 Curran, Merritt.
& Zschokke: Province of Union, For. Bur. 15710 Merritt & Darling: Province of
Nueva Ecija, For. Bur. 8500 Curran: Province of Pampanga, Parker 39, Merrill
s. n.: Province of Batangas, Cuzner 37, Province of Rizal, Bur, Sei. 2171 Ramos:
Province of Laguna, Himer, Hallier s. n. PALAWAN, Bur. Sci. 279 Bermejos.
MINDANAO, District of Davao, DeVore & Hoover 235.

Widely known in the Philippines as patani, other names given by Blanco being
buttingt and biringi (Batangas), and the Spanish names zabache and frijoles
de Abra,

A native of tropical America, now widely distributed in the Philippines,
chiefly in cultivation; Tropies of the world. :

I have followed F.-Villar in the reductions of the several species recognized
by Blanco, as they all seem to be cultivated forms of this variable species.

;
,
{

koe MERRILL.

F.-Villar refers Blanco’s species to three varieties of P. lunatus Linn., var.
inaemoenus (L.) F.-Vill., var. tunkinensis (Lour.) F.-Vill., and var. auaresii
(Zuce.) F.-Vill.

2, Phaseolus adenanthus G. W. F. Mey. Prim. Fl. Esseq. (1818) 239;
Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1876) 200; Prain ex King in Journ. As. Soe.
Beng. 66* (1897) 49; Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1904) 89.

Phaseolus rostratus Wall. Pl. As. Rar. 1 (1830) 50, ¢. 63; Usteri Beitr. Ken.
Philip. Veg. (1905) 116.

Luzon, Province of Cagayan, For. Bur. 16582 Curran: Province of llocos Norte,
Bur. Set. 2211, 2230, 2276, 2278 Mearns: Province of Pangasinan, Bur. Sci. 4950
Ramos, For. Bur. 8406 Curran & Merritt: Province of Rizal, Bur. Sci. 6527
Robinson: Province of Laguna, For. Bur. 8870 Curran: Manila, Carlos 136,
Merrill 632, 3420, 3492, 4095, 4096, Hallier s. n., Zamora 60. MInvdANAO, District
of Zamboanga, Williams 2437.

Native name: Patanit-baquit (Ilocos).

Cosmopolitan in the Tropics.

3. Phaseolus semierectus Linn. Mant. (1771) 100; Baker in Hook. f. FI.
Brit. Ind. 2 (1870) 201; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. 1* (1855) 201;. Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip.
(1904) 89.

Luzon, Manila, Merrill 30, Elmer 5536, McGregor 53, Cuzner 59, Airan 187.

Abundant about Manila, and thoroughly naturalized, apparently of compara-
tively recent introduction, as it is not described by Blanco, nor listed by F.-Villar,
as is also the case with the preceding species. A native of tropical America,
now widely distributed in the Tropics of the world.

*4. Phaseolus minimus Roxb. Fl. Ind. 3 (1832) 290; Benth. Fl. Hongk. (1861)
88; Forbes & Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 23 (1887) 193.

Luzon, Province of Cagayan, For. Bur. 16475 Bacani: Province of Isabela,
Bur. Sci. 7987 Ramos: Province of Benguet, Williams 1408. Minnanao, District
of Davao, Copeland 544, DeVore & Hoover 167.

A species well characterized by its narrow, elongated leaflets; previously known
only from southern China.

5. Phaseolus calcaratus Roxb. Hort. Beng. (1814) 54, Fl. Ind. 3 (1832)
289; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1876) 203; Prain ex King in Journ.
As. Soc. Beng. 66% (1897) 49; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 65.

Vigna luteola Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 3 (1908) Bot. 411, non Benth.

BABUYANES ISLANDS, Camiguin, Bur. Sci. 4064 Fénia. Luzon, Province of
Cagayan, For. Bur. 16778 Curran: District of Bontoc, For. Bur. 16550 Curran
& Merritt: Province of Benguet, Williams 1287: Province of Pangasinan, Bur.
Sci, 4875 Ramos: Province of Pampanga, Bolster 16, 59: Province of Laguna,
Williams 2049, Elmer: Province of Rizal, For. Bur. 2167 Ahern’s collector:
Province of Tayabas, Bur. Sci. 9338 Robinson, Whitford 860. Ticao, For. Bur.
1048 Clark. PALAWAN, Merrill 808. PortLLo, Bur. Sci. 10764 McGregor.

India to Malaya. :

IT am not at all sure that all the specimens cited above really represent

' Phaseolus: calcaratus Roxb., but the description applies rather closely. Some

of the specimens have been identified and distributed as P. mungo Linn., and
others as Vigna luteola Baker. A good series of Indo-Malayan specimens is
needed for purposes of comparison. The oldest valid specific name may prove to
be Phaseolus pubescens Blume.

6. Phaseolus radiatus Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 725.

Phaseolus mungo Blanco FI. Filip. (1837) 573, ed. 2 (1845) 400, ed. 3, 2: 370;
F.-Vill, Nov. App. (1880) 65; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1876) 203
(in part), non Linn.

+ ae J UR Fa) OM ERCee Ce i oe sla EE i at eal i
ae . .

ENUMERATION OF PHILIPPINE LEGUMINOSAE. 135

Luzon, Province of Batangas, For. Bur. 7782 Curran & Merritt: Province of
Rizal, Bur. Sci. 2169 Ramos.

Native names: Mungos (widely used), balatong, ex Blanco.

The form here referred to Phaseolus radiatus Linn. is only cultivated in the
Philippines, and is quite universally known as mungos. This erect form is the
one described by Linneus as Phaseolus radiatus, and is frequently identified as
Phaseolus mungo Linn. I have seen no Philippine material that I consider
referable to the true Phaseolus mungo Linn.

India to China and Malaya; widely cultivated and variable.

7. Phaseolus sublobatus Roxb. Hort. Beng. (1814) 54, Fl. Ind. 3 (1832) 288.

Phaseolus trinervius Heyne in Wall. Cat. (1832) no. 5603; Baker in Hook.
f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1876) 203: F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 65.

MINDANAO, Lake Lanao, Mrs. Clemens 630.

India to Malaya.

DOUBTFUL AND EXCLUDED SPECIES.

PHASEOLUS VULGARIS Linn.; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 64. A number of
forms of this are cultivated by Chinese gardeners for the Manila market, probably
entirely grown from imported seeds.

PHASEOLUS RICCIARDIANUS Ten.; Usteri Beitr. Ken. Philip. Veg. (1905) 116,
reported from Negros by Usteri, but I have seen no Philippine material.

A full series of the various cultivated species of this genus, and comparison
of the same with extra-Philippine material is essential to a clear exposition of
them.

87. VIGNA Savi.

Keel not prolonged into a beak; flowers yellow or yellowish.
Pods very long, up to 60 cm in length, many-seeded; cultivated... 1. V. sinensis
Pods short, few-seeded, less than 7 cm in length.
Whole plant, glabrous: <_../—.--2-o pepe nance ee neg tiey re waren cn snne eens 2. V. lutea
Young stems and pods pubescent, other parts of the plant often so.
; 3. V. luteola

Keel prolonged into a beak; pods densely pilose;: flowers purplish.... 4. V. pilosa

1. Vigna sinensis (Linn.) Endl. ex Hassk. Pl. Jav. Rar. (1848) 386; Walp.
Ann. 4:562; Forbes & Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 23 (1887) 193.

Dolichos sinensis Linn. Cent. Pl. (1756) 28, Amoen. Acad. 4 (1859) 132.

Dolichos catiang Linn. Mant. (1771) 269,

Vigna catjang Walp. in Linnaea 13 (1839) 533; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit.
Ind. 2 (1876) 205; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 65; Naves in Blanco FI. Filip. ed.
3, pl. 285.

Dolichos sesquipedalis Blanco FI. Filip. (1837) 575, ed. 2 (1845) 401, ed. 3,
2:375; Naves 1. c. ed. 3, pl. 286, non Linn.

Phaseolus caracalla Blanco 1. cc.; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 65, (?) non Linn.

Luzon, Manila, Merrill 4104: Province of Pampanga, Merrill s. n.

Quite universally known in the Philippines as sitao; quibal, ex Blanco. Cul-
tivated only; cultivated in most tropical and subtropical countries.

2. Vigna lutea (Sw.) A. Gray Bot. Wilkes U. 8S. Explor. Exped. (1854) 452;
Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1876) 205; Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1904)
89; Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sei. 1 (1906) Suppl. 67.

Dolichos luteus Sw. Prodr. Veg. Ind. Oce. (1788) 105; DC. Prodr. 2 (1825)
398.

Vigna retusa Walp. Repert. 1 (1842) 778; Prain ex King in Journ, As. Soc.

Beng. 667 (1897) 51.

Adee

134 MERRILL.

Luzon, Province of Bataan, For. Bur. 2295 Meyer, Williams 316: Provinee of
Tayabas, For. Bur. 9582 Curran, Whitford 687, Gregory 85. PoLtLLo, Bur. Sei.
9284 Robinson. Muinpvoro, Merrill 1263, 3334. PALAwAn, Bur. Sci. 336 Bermejos.
Baranac, Bur. Sci. 476 Mangubat. MINpdANAO, District of Cotabato, Mrs. Cle-
mens 814; District of Zamboanga, Hallier s. n.: District of Davao, Copeland 561.

A species characteristic of sandy seashores, widely distributed in the Philip-
pines; Tropics of the world.

O. Kuntze reduces Vigna luteola Benth. and V. lutea A. Gray (Dolichos luteus
Sw.) to Vigna repens (Linn.) O. Kuntze (Dolichos repens Linn.). Whether or
not the reductions are correct | am unable to determine, but the specific name
repens is invalidated in Vigna by V. repens Baker (1876).

3. Vigna luteola (Jacq.) Benth. in Thw. Enum, (1859) 90, and in Mart. FI.
Bras. 15 (1859-62 194, t. 00, fig. 2; Baker in Hook. f. FJ. Brit. Ind. 2 (1876)
205; Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1904) 89.

Dolichos eae Jacq. Hort. Vind. 1 (1770) 39, t. 90.

Minpanao, Lake Lanao, Mrs. Clemens 209: District of Cotabato, For. Bur,
38951 Hutchinson.

Tropics of the world; Baker, certainly by error, describes the pods as one-half
inch wide.

4. Vigna pilosa (Roxb.) Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1876) 207;
Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1904) 89; Usteri Beitr. Ken. Philip. Veg. (1905) 116;
Merr. in Goyt. Lab. Publ. (Philip.) 35 (1906) 22

Dolichos pilosus Roxb. Hort. Beng. (1814) 55, Fl. Ind. 2 (1832) 312; DC.
Prodr. 2 (1825) 397.

Luzon, Provinee of Rizal, Merrill 3674: Manila, Hallier s. n.: Provinee of
Zambales, Hallier s. n.

India and Formosa.

DOUBTFUL AND EXCLUDED SPECIES,

VIGNA REPENS (Grah.) Baker; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 65. A species defin-
itely known only from Burma, to which F.-Villar reduced Dolichos repens Blanco
(non Linn.). I am unable to determine Blanco’s species with satisfaction at the
present time, although F.-Villar may have been correct in the reduction.

VIGNA VEXILLATA Rich.; Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1904) 89. Credited to Min-
danao on material collected by Warburg; I have seen no Philippine specimens
that I consider referable to the species, and was unable to find Warburg’s specimen
in the Berlin herbarium.

88. DOLICHOS Linn.

Style flattened, bearded along the inner edge; inflorescence of axillary, elongated,
narrow, racemose panicles; flowers various, purplish, RS: white, or slightly
yellowish; pods flattened, about 2 em wide .......0.0.0002 ee 1. De lablab

Style filiform, not bearded on the inner edge, hae aut so at the apex; flowers
few, in short axillary racemes; pods less than 1 em wide.

Giabiote or only slightly pubescent; leaflets lobed or repand; flowers pink.
2. D. falcatus
Softly pilose with long, spreading, white hairs; leaflets entire; flowers yellow.
3. D. uniflorus
1. Dolichos lablab Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 725; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind.
2 (1876) 209; F.-Vill. Noy. App. (1880) 65; Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1904) 90.
Lablab vulgaris Savi Diss. (1821) 19; DC. Prodr. 2 (1825) 401.

maivav.. Gen. Pl. (1801): :212!

a — fat ge ol eel el i > lla Ll EO is < rr

SNUMERATION OF PHILIPPINE LEGUMINOSAE. 135

Glycine lucida Blanco FI. Filip. (1837) 578, non Forst.

Lablab cultratus DC. Prodr. 2 (1825) 402; Blanco Fl. Filip. ed. 2 (1845)
405, ed. 3, 2: 379; Naves l. c. ed. 3, pl. 292.

Luzon, Province of Cagayan, For. Bur. 16763 Curran: Province of Ilocos
Norte. Bur. Sei. 2206 Mearns: Province of Union, Elmer 5569, 5590, 5730;
District of Bontoc, Bur. Sci. 7009 Ramos: Province of Benguet, Merrill 4314, For.
Bur. 15740 Curran & Merritt: Province of Batangas, Cuzner 42: Province of
Laguna, Hallier s. n.: Manila, Merrill 3448, 4089. CuLton, Merrill 522. Ba-
SILAN, DeVore & Hoover 32.

Widely distributed in the Philippines, cultivated and spontaneous; Tropics of
the Old World.

Native names: Batao (widely used); parda (llocos); sibachi (Batangas) ;
baglao (Basilan); bulai, ex Blanco.

Both the typical form, and the var, lignosa (Linn.) Prain, are represented in
the material cited above, the former having seeds with their long axes parallel
with the pod, and the later having seeds with their long axes across the pod.

The genus Lablab Adans. was based on the above species, and has ‘been retained
by some authors, including Pilger in Engl. & Prantl. Nat. Pflanzenfam. Nachtr.
3 (1908) 174, as worthy of generic rank.

2. Dolichos falcatus Klein in Willd. Sp. Pl. 3 (1800) 1047; DC. Prodr. 2
(1825) 398; A. Gray Bot. Wilkes U. 8S. Explor. Exped. (1854) 453; Baker in
Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1876) 211; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 66.

Dolichos trilobus Blanco Fl. Filip. ed. 2 (1845) 403, ed. 3, 2: 375, non Linn.

Luzon, Province of Ilocos Norte, For. Bur. 14678 Darling, Bur. Sci. 7678
Ramos: Province of Batangas, Cugner 24: Province of Laguna, Bur. Sci. 6027
Robinson, Hallier s. n.: Province of Rizal, Baja 246. Crsu, Brown 6. NeEaRos,
For. Bur. 13714 Curran.

Native names: Paiap-gobat (Laguna); gocot-maya (Cebu).

India and Ceylon, not reported from southern China or Malaya.

Dolichos trilobus Blanco was reduced by F.-Villar to Phaseolus calcaratus
Roxb.; it is, however, unquestionably referable to Dolichos falcatus Klein. ‘

3. Dolichos uniflorus Lam. Enevel. 2 (1786) 299; DC. Prodr. 2 (1825) 498;
Trimen Fl. Ceyl. 2 (1894) 76.

Luzon, Province of Rizal, Cuzner 29.

India and Ceylon (var. glaber Trimen) ; other range uncertain on account of
confusion with Dolichos biflorus Linn., to which Lamarck’s species has been
reduced by Baker, the range of the latter being given as “everywhere in the
Tropics of the Old World.” Not previously reported from the Philippines.

89. PACHYRRHIZUS Rich.

l. Pachyrrhizus erosus (Linn.) Urb. Symb. Antill. 4 (1905) 311.

Dolichos erosus Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 726,

Dolichos bulbosus Linn. 1. ¢. ed. 2 (1763) 1021. .

Pachyrrhizus angulatus Rich, ex DC. Prodr. 2 (1825) 402; Blanco FI. Filip. ed.
2 (1845) 405, ed. 3, 2:380; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. 1* (1855) 191; Baker in Hook.
f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1876) 207; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 65; Vid. Rev. Pl. Vase.
Filip. (1886) 110; Naves in Blanco FI. Filip. ed. 3, pl. 249; Oliver in Hook. Ie. PI.
III 9 (1889) pl. 1842

Pachyrrhizus jicamas Blanco Fl. Filip. (1837) 579.

Pachyrrhizus bulbosus Kurz in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 45° (1876) 246; Merr.
in Philip. Journ. Sci. 1 (1906) Suppl. 67. :

Cacara erosa O, Kuntze Rev. Gen. Pl. (1891) 165.

.
4
4
|
;
|
%
|
|
.
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|

1356 H MERRILL,

Luzon, Province of Bataan, For, Bur, 1955 Borden, Merrill 3098, For. Bur. 54
Barnes, Bur. Sci. 1611, Fowworthy: Province of Rizal, For. Bur. 3324 Ahern’s
collector: Manila, McGregor 65. Panay, Yoder 31.

Almost universally known in the Philippines as sincamas, ex Blanco also
hicamas.

A species now widely distributed in the Tropics of the world, probably of
American origin; thoroughly naturalized in the Philippines and very abundant.

The oldest generic name is Caéara (Rumph.) Thou. (1805), but Pachyrrhizus
Rich, (1825) is here retained in accordance with the list of nomina conservanda
of the Vienna Botanical Congress.

90. PSOPHOCARPUS Neck.

1, Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (Linn.) DC. Prodr. 2 (1825) 403; Migq. FI.
Ind. Bat. 1* (1855) 181; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1876) 211; F.-Vill.
Noy. App. (1880) 66; Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1904) 90.

Dolichos tetragonolobus Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2 (1763) 1020; Blanco FI. Filip.
(1837) 576, ed. 2 (1845) 402, ed. 3, 2:374; Naves l. c. ed. 3, pl. 293.

Botor tetragonoloba O. Kuntze Rev. Gen. Pl. (1891) 162.

Luzon, Province of Cagayan, Bolster 183, For. Bur. 16605, 16759 Curran:
Province of Pangasinan, Bur, Sci. 4860, 4864 Ramos: Province of Bataan, Merrill
3313: Manila, Merrill 646, MeGregor 47, 50. Maspare, Merrill 3401. PALAWAN,
For. Bur. 3614 Curran. Nearos, For. Bur. 13659 Curran.

Native names: Oigarrillos (widely used); segadella (Negros); amale (Caga-
yan); calamismis, pal-lam, ex Blanco.

Widely distributed in the Philippines, cultivated and naturalized; probably
introduced. India to Malaya, etc., frequently cultivated.

PSOPHOCARPUS PALUSTRIS Desy. has been reported from the Philippines by
F.-Villar (Nov. App. 66), but I have seen no specimens.

The generic name Psophocarpus Neck. (1790), is retained instead of Botor
Adans, (1763), in accordance with the list of nomina conservanda of the Vienna
Bofanical Congress.

EXCLUDED GENERA.

In the “Novissima Appendix” to the third edition of Blanco’s “Flora de Fili-
pinas,” F.-Villar enumerates the following six species, representing six different
genera. I have seen no Philippine representatives of any of these genera, and
they are accordingly here excluded.

AOCROCARPUS FRAXINIFOLIUS Wight; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 74. Known
from India and Sumatra.

CICER ARIETINUM L.; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 62. Said by F.-Villar to be
cultivated in Luzon and Panay. If the species occurs in the Philippines at all,
then it will be only as an introduced plant. ;

DIALIUM LAURINUM Baker; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1882) 351. A species of the
Malay Peninsula.

MECcOPUS NIDULANS Benn.; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 61. Burma to Malaya.

NEPTUNIA OLERACEA Lour.; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 73. Cosmopolitan in
the Tropics. The specimen cited, Cuming 2352, was from Malacca, not from the
Philippines.

PAROCHETUS COMMUNIS Ham.; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 58. India to
southern China and Java.

at

CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE BRYOLOGICAL FLORA
OF THE PHILIPPINES 10

By V. F. Broruerus.

(Helsingfors, Finland.)

SPHAGNACEZ.
SPHAGNUM (Dill.) Ehrh.

Sphagnum Junghuhnianum Doz. & Molk.

Luzon, Province of Abra, Mount Panaga, Bur. Sci. 7315 Ramos: Province of
Benguet, Pauai, Bur. Sci. 3455, 4540 Mearns, Bur. Sci. 8678 McGregor, altitude
about 2,100 m; Mount Pulog, For. Bur. 16421 Curran, Merritt, & Zschokke,
altitude about 2,700 m: Province of Zambales, Mount Pinatubo, Bur. Sev. 2540
Foxworthy.

DICRANACE®.
TREMATODON Michx.

Trematodon drepanellus Besch.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Pauai, Bur. Sci. 4548 Mearns, altitude about
2,100 m; Mount Tonglon, Bur. Sci. 5508 Ramos. Minporo, For. Bur. 8814
Merritt.

Area: Japan, Formosa.

Trematodon acutus C,. Miill.

Luzon, Province of Laguna, Nagearlan, Copeland ‘“‘m”: Province of Benguet,
Pauai, Bur. Sci. 8686 McGregor, altitude about 2100 m: Province of Bataan,
Mount Mariveles, Copeland 1405.

CERATODON Brid.

Ceratodon stenocarpus Bryol. eur.
Luzon, Province of Benguet, Mount Pulog, for. Bur. 16408, 16422 Curran,
Merritt, & Zschokke, altitude above 2,500 m.

CAMPYLOPODIUM (C. Miill.) Besch.

Campylopodium euphorocladum (C. Miill.) Besch.

BATANES IsLANpDs, Batan, Mount Iraya, Bur. Sci. 3858 Fénia. Luzon, Province
of Benguet, Pauai, Merrill 6675: Province of Nueva Viscaya, Mount Umugum,
Bur. Sci. 8278 Ramos.

Area: Java, Tahiti, New Caledonia, and New Zealand.

1The geographic distribution is not indicated in the present paper for those
species which were included in the first and second parts.
137

a? a. ee 2! a.) se |! ee hee eee ST er) ee

138 BROTHERUS.

SYMBLEPHARIS Mont.

Symblepharis Reinwardtii (Doz. & Molk.) Bryol. jay.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mount Banajao, Bur. Sci, 6604 Robinson.
Area: Sikkim, Burma, Java, and Borneo.

BRAUNFELSIA Par.

Braunfelsia luzonensis Broth. sp. nov.

Dioica:; robustiuscula, caespitosa, caespitibus densis, rigidis, lutes-
centibus, nitidis; cawlis usque ad 4 cm altus, erectus vel procumbens, parce
tomentosus, dense foliosus, dichotome ramosus ; folia plus minusve patula,
sicca erectiora, canaliculato-concava, superne tubuloso-concava, ovato-
lanceolata, sensim subulato-acuminata, ¢. 5 mm longa, marginibus inte-
gerrimis, enervia, cellulis elongatis, valde incrassatis, inter se porosis,
basilaribus luteis, alaribus sat numerosis, quadratis, fusco-aureis ; bracteae
perichaetii erectae, internae e basi longissime tubulosa sensim in subulam
filiformem, thecam plus minusve longe superantem, subintegram vel
minutissime denticulatam attenuatae, enerves; sefa c. 12 mm alta, tenuis,
lutescenti-rubra, flexuosula, laevissima; theca erecta, anguste cylindrica,
2.5-3 mm longa et ¢. 0.57 mm crassa, microstoma, fuscidula, aetate fusca,
laevis; peristomium 0; sport 0.012—0.015 mm, laeves; operculum e basi
conica longe et recte subulatum. Caetera ignota.

Luzon, Province of Zambales, Mount Tapulao, For. Bur, 8172, 8178 Curran &
Merritt, Bur, Sci. 5146 Ramos: Province of Benguet, Mount Pulog, in the mossy
forest, altitude about 2,600 m, For. Bur. 16899 Curran, Merritt, & Zschokke:
Province of Abra, Mount Bawagan, Bur. Sci. 7314 Ramos.

Species distinctissima, habitu B. scariosae (Wils.) Par. similis, sed foliis
enerviis facillime dignoscenda.

DICRANOLOMA Ren.
Dicranoloma Ramosii Broth. sp. nov,

Dioicum; robustulum, caespitosum, caespitibus densiusculis, pallide
lutescenti-viridibus, nitidis; cau/is fasciculo centrali praeditus, usque ad

5 em altus, adscendens vel erectus, ubique ferrugineo- vel albido-tomen-

tosus, dense foliosus, simplex vel furcatus ; folia patula, comalia plerumque
subsecunda, canaliculato-concava, breviter decurrentia, plicata, lanceolato-
subulata, 5-7 mm longa, basi c. 0.65 mm lata, marginibus erectis, superne
dense et argute serratis, angustissime vel indistincte limbata, nervo tenui,
basi c. 0.05 mm lato, continuo, dorso superne argute serrato, cellulis
elongatis, incrassatis, lumine angustissimo, basilaribus laxioribus, inter
se valde porosis, alaribus numerosis, magnis, quadrato-hexagonis, fusco-
aureis, omnibus laevissimis; bracteae perichaetii a basi late et longe
vaginante subito in subulam serrulatam brevem vel longiorem productae :
sporogonia plerumque aggregata, 2-4 ex eodem perichaetio; seta usque ad
1.5 em alta, tenuis, flexuosula, lutescenti-rubra; theca erecta, cylindrica,
2-2.5 mm alta, leptodermis, fuscidula. Caetera ignota.

7“

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BRYOLOGICAL FLORA OF THE PHILIPPINES. 139

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Mount Ugo, Bur. Sci, 5867 Ramos.

Species D. reflero (C. Miill.) et D. reflewifolio (C. Miill.) affinis, ab hac
foliis comalibus subsecundis, cellulis basilaribus laxioribus, ab illa foliis minus
argute serratis cellulisque magis incrassatis jam dignoscenda.

Dicranoloma Blumei (Nees) Ren.

Luzon, Province of Zambales, Mount Tapulao, For. Bur. 8194, 8171 Curran &
Merritt, Bur. Sci. 5147 Ramos: Province of Laguna, Mount Banajao, altitude 600
m, Bur. Sci. 6604 Robinson.

Dicranoloma leucophyllum (Hamp.) var. Kurzii (Fleisch.)

D. brevisetum Broth. in Philip. Journ. Sei. 3 (1908) Bot. 12, nee D. brevisetum
(Doz. & Molk.) Par.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Pauai, Bur. Sci. 4544 Mearns, Bur. Sci. 8694
McGregor, altitude about 2,100 m; Suyoc to Pauai, Merrill 4942, on trees, altitude
about 1970 m,

Area: Ceylon, Sumatra, Java, and Batjan.

LEUCOLOMA Brid.

Leucoloma (Syncratodictyon) perviride Broth. sp. nov.

Dioicum; gracile, caespitosum, caespitibus densiusculis, humilibus, late
extensis, viridibus, basi fuscescentibus, haud nitidis; cawlis usque ad 1
cm vel paulum ultra altus, adscendens, inferne radiculosus, dense foliosus,
plus minusve ramosus ; folia falcata, canaliculato-concava, e basi lanceolata
vel oblongo-lanceolata sensim breviter subulata, c. 3 mm longa, marginibus
erectis, apice minute serrulatis, limbata, limbo hyalino, basi latiusculo,
superne sensim angustiore, in subula evanescente, nervo tenui, continuo,
cellulis superioribus minutis, quadratis, chlorophyllosis, minutissime
papillosis, basin versus sensim longioribus, basilaribus rectangularibus,
laevibus, alaribus numerosis, magnis, oblongo-rectangularibus, curvatulis,
fuseo-aureis. Caetera ignota.

Luzon, Province of Bataan, Mount Mariveles, Merrill 6281.

Species L. amoene-virenti Mitt. forsan proxima, sed statura graciliore, foliis
viridibus, nitore destitutis, brevioribus, cellulis basilaribus brevioribus, minus
incrassatis longe diversa.

BROTHERA ©. Miill.

Brothera Leana (Sull.) C. Miill.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Baguio, For. Bur. 15636 ex p, Curran.

Area: Himalaya, Japan, Manchuria, and northern America.

CAMPYLOPUS Brid.

Campylopus caudatus (C. Miill.) Mont.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Pauai, Bur. Sci. 4549 Mearns, altitude about
2,100 m; Mount Tonglon (Santo Tomas), For. Bur. £1068 Whitford: Province of
Abra, Mount Bawagan, Bur, Sci. 7311 Ramos: District of Lepanto, Mount Data,
For. Bur. 16018 Bacani.

Campylopus (Trichophylli) Foxworthyi Broth. sp. nov.

Dioicus; gracilis, caespitosus, caespitibus densis, late extensis, fusces-
centi-lutescentibus, nitidis; caulis ad 6 em usque altus, erectus vel
geniculato-adscendens, inferne fusco-tomentosus, dense foliosus, dicho-
tome ramosus vel simplex, in planta fertili plerumque innovatione unica,

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140 BROTHERUS.

brevi praeditus; folia e basi erectiore patentia; canaliculato-concava, e
basi oblongo-lanceolata, 0.7-0.75 mm lata raptim elongate et anguste
subulata, pilo hyalino brevi vel longiore, stricto, serrulato terminata,
marginibus erectis, integerrimis, nervo latissimo, basi dimidiam partem
laminae vel paulum ultra, superne subulam totam occupante, dorso laevi,
cellulis ventralibus inanibus, cellulis superioribus laminae rhomboideis,
lumine anguste elliptico, basin versus sensim longioribus, basilaribus
internis teneris, laxe oblongo-hexagonis, marginalibus angustis, limbum
pluriseriatum, hyalinum efformantibus, alaribus parum numerosis, laxi-
usculis, fusco-aureis vel hyalinis, fugacibus; flores foeminet plures, term-
inales; bracteae perichaetii e basi alte et late vaginante, obtusa subito
elongate subulata, piliferae; sporogonia 1-3; seta c. 5 mm alta, sicca
flexuoso-erecta, humida cygnea, tenuis, fuscescenti-lutescens, laevis; theca
erecta, minuta, ovalis, sicca plicatula, fuscidula, collo laevi; exostomii
dentes paulum ultra medium divisi, dense striolati, rubri, apice hyalini;
operculum alte conicum, obtusum. Calyptra ignota.

Luzon, Province of Zambales, Mount Pinatubo, Bur. Sci. 2544, 2549, 2551,
2552 Foxworthy; Mount Tapulao, Bur. Sci. 5155 Ramos.

Species e descriptione C. hemitrichio (C. Miill.) Jaeg. valde affinis, sed foliis

omnibus piliferis bracteisque perichaetii internis convolutis, rotundato-obtusis,
dein subito subulato-aristatis ut videtur diversa.

Campylopus (Trichophylli) diversinervis Broth. sp. nov.

MNoicus; gracilis, caespitosus, caespitibus densis, extensis, lutescenti-
viridibus, inferne purpurascentibus, haud nitidis; caulis ad 6 cm usque
altus, erectus, strictiusculus, inferne rubro-tomentosus, dense foliosus,
plerumque simplex, in planta foeminea rarius innovatione unica, elongata
praeditus ; folia sicca erecta, humida erecto-patentia, canaliculato-concava,
e basi oblonga sensim lanceolato-subulata, inferiora mutica, superiora
pilo breviusculo, stricto, hyalino, serrulato terminata, marginibus erectis,
superne incurvis, integerrimis, nervo latissimo, basi dimidiam partem vel
paulum ultra laminae occupante, dorso humiliter lamellato, cellulis
ventralibus inanibus, perminutis, cellulis laminalibus rhombeis, parum
incrassatis, basilaribus hyalinis, interioribus laxe rectangularibus, pauci-
seriatis, externis multo angustioribus, limbum- pluriseriatum, plus minusve
alte productum, sensim angustiorem efformantibus, alaribus parum num-
erosis, teneris, laxis, fusco-aureis vel hyalinis. Caetera ignota.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Mount Pulog, on earth in ravines, altitude 1,940
to 2,660 m, For. Bur. 16407, 16423 Curran, Merritt, & Zschokke.

Species cum C. polytrichoide De Not. comparanda, sed notis supra datis dig-
noscenda.
, PILOPOGON Brid.

Pilopogon exasperatus (Brid.) Broth.
Luzon, Province of Benguet, Pauai, altitude about 2,100 m, Bur. Sci. 8703
McGregor,

ea eT ee = 7 TS .. 8 ee Co po Set ee ee a En

BRYOLOGICAL FLORA OF THE PHILIPPINES. 141

Area: Ceylon, Java, Celebes, Borneo, Hawaii.

Pilopogon subexasperatus (C. Miill.) Broth.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Bur. Sci. 3437 Mearns, For. Bur. 15948 Bacani;
Mount Pulog, open grass lands of the summit, altitude about 2,800 m, Mor. Bur.
16428 Curran, Merritt, & Zschokke; Pauai, altitude about 2,100 m, Bur. Sci.
8684 McGregor: Province of Abra, Mount Panaga, Bur. Sci. 73J7 Ramos: Proy-
ince of Zambales, Mount Pinatubo, Bur. Sci. 2576 Foaworthy: Province of Laguna,
Mount Banajao, For, Bur. 7995 Curran & ferritt.

Area: Philippines. ,

Pilopogon Blumei (Doz. & Molk.) Broth. :

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Mount Tonglon, Bur. Sci. 5515, 5923 Ramos.

FISSIDENTACE#.
FISSIDENS Hedw.

Fissidens anomalus Mont.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Pauai, altitude about 2,100 m, Bur. Sci. 454:
Mearns, Bur, Sci. 8682 McGregor.

Fissidens (Serridium) pulogensis Broth. sp. nov.

Dioicus ; robustus, caespitosus, caespitibus densiusculis, viridibus, aetate
fuscescentibus, haud nitidis; caulis 2.5-3 cm altus, cum foliis c. 5 mm
latus, basi fusco-radiculosus, laxiuscule foliosus, plerumque simplex;
folia c. 15-juga, sicca incurva, humida strictiuscula, patentia, e basi
caulis versus apicem sensim majora, asymmetrica, oblonga vel ovato-
oblonga, obtusa, apiculata, ob cellulas prominentes minutissime serrulata,
elimbata, lamina vera ad medium folii producta, lamina dorsali ad basin
nervi enata ibidemque rotundata, nervo crassiusculo, flexuoso, in apiculum
folii evanescente, cellulis minutis, c. 0.01 mm, rotundato-hexagonis,
chlorophyllosis, laevibus, ad marginem folii minoribus, ihmbum parum
distinctum efformantibus; seta terminalis, c. 4 mm alta, adscendens,
rubra; theca erecta, oblonga, c. 2 mm longa, fuscescenti-rubra. Caetera
ignota.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Mount Pulog, on trees, mossy forest, above an
altitude of 2,200 m, For. Bur. 16396 Curran, Merritt, & Zschokke.

Species pulcherrima, habitu J’. anomalo Mont. simillima, sed I’. gymnogyno
Besch. affinis notisque supra datis distinctissima.

LEUCOBRYACEE.
LEUCOBRYUM Hamp.

Leucobryum sanctum Hamp.

Luzon, Province of Cagayan, Bur. Sci. 7574,. 7575, 7580 Ramos. NeEGROS,
Cadiz, Bur. Set. 7351, 7354 Celestino.

Leucobryum javense (Brid.) Mitt.

Luzon, Province of Zambales, Mount Tapulao, For. Bur. 8169 Curran é«.

Merritt.
Leucobryum sericeum Broth.
Luzon, Province of Cagayan, Mount Cueva, For. Bur. 16869 Curran.
Area: Great Natunas and Borneo.

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142 | BROTHERUS.

Leucobryum Boweringii Mitt.
BataNES ISLANDS, Batan, Bur. Sci. 3855 Fénix. Luzon, Province of Zambales,
Mount Tapulao, For. Bur. 8181 Curran & Merritt.
“Area: Himalaya, Ceylon, Sumatra, Java, Celebes, Hongkong, Formosa, and
Japan.
OCTOBLEPHARUM Hedw.

Octoblepharum albidum (L.) Hedw.
MINDANAO, Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley, Mrs. Clemens s. n. Luzon, Province
Benguet, Baguio, For. Bur, 15638 Curran,

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SCHISTOMITRIUM Doz. & Molk.

Schistomitrium apiculatum Doz. & Molk.

Luzon, Province of Zambales, Mount Tapulao, Bur, Sci. 5152 Ramos.
Schistomitrium Nieuwenhuisii Fleisch.

Luzon, Province of Abra, Bur. Sci. 7310 Ramos.

EXODICTYON Card.

Exodictyon Blumii (Nees, C. Miill.) Fleisch.
BATANES ISLANDS, Batan, Bur. Sei. 3857 Fénia.
Area: Java.

LEUCOPHANES Brid.

Leucophanes albescens ©. Miill.
MINDANAO, Province of Surigao, Agusan Valley, For. Bur. 7603 Hutchinson.
Area: Java, Celebes, Philippines, and New Guinea.

SYRRHOPODONTACEE.
SYRRHOPODON Scliwaegr.

Syrrhopodon (Orthotheca) Curranii Broth. sp. nov.

Dioicus; gracilis, caespitosus, caespitibus densiusculis, fuscescenti-
viridibus, aetate fuscescentibus, haud nitidis; caulis erectus, vix ultra
5 mm altus, basi fusco-radiculosus, densiuscule foliosus, simplex; folta
erecto-patentia, sicca circinatozincurva, humida strictiuscula, canaliculato-
coneava, @ basi oblonga, paulum latiore sensim linearia, obtusa vel
obtusiuscula, saepe mucronatula, usque ad. 4 mm longa, marginibus
partis basilaris superioris subciliato-serratis, partis laminalis lamellatis,
geminatim serratis, nervo crassiusculo, infra summum apicem folli
evanido, dorso papilloso, cellulis laminalibus minutissimis, subquadratis,
chlorophyllosis, basilaribus laxis, hyalinis, breviter rectangularibus,
marginalibus angustissimis, limbum hyalinum, pluriseriatum efforman-
tibus; sefa vix ultra 4 mm longa, tenuis, rubra; theca erecta, minuta,
oblongo-cylindrica, fusco-rubra, nitidiuscula; operculum e basi conica
aciculare; calyptra cucullata, maximam partem thecae obtegens.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Baguio, For, Bur. 15636 Curran.

Species tenella, foliorum brevitate et structura faciliter dignoscenda.

ay oe

BRYOLOGICAL FLORA OF THE PHILIPPINES. 1438

POTTIACEA.
WEISIA Hedw.

Weisia flavipes Hook. f. & Wils.
Luzon, Province of Nueva Viscaya, Mount Umugum, Bur. Sci. 8280 Ramos.
Area: Eastern Australia, Tasmania, and New Zealand.

HYMENOSTYLIUM Brid.

Hymenostylium luzonense Broth. sp. nov.

Dioicum,; gracile, caespitosum, caespitibus densis, extensis, lacte- vel
fuscescenti-viridibus, haud nitidis; caulis ad 5 cm usque altus, erectus
vel adscendens, per totam longitudinem plus minusve fusco-radiculosus,
laxiuscule foliosus, dichotome ramosus, ramis fastigiatis ; folia sicca sub-
erecta, flexuosula, humida subsquarroso-patula, carinato-concava, linearia,
breviter lanceolato-acuminata, acutissima, marginibus plerumque basi uno
latere anguste recurvis, caeterum erectis, integerrimis, nervo crassiusculo,
infra summum apicem evanido, dorso laevi, cellulis minutis, incrassatis,
quadratis vel rotundato-quadratis, chlorophyllosis, basilaribus rectangular-
ibus, hyalinis, omnibus laevissimis; seta 5-7 mm alta, tenuis, strictiuscula,
rubra, laevissima; theca erecta, oblonga, microstoma, fusco-rubra, haud
nitida, laevis; operculum oblique rostratum, rostro theca breviore.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Trinidad River, Bur. Sci. 5518, 5519 Ramos:
Bued River, on dry cliffs, altitude about 920 m, Merrill 4888.

Species H. curvirostro (Ehrh.) Lindb. habitu similis, sed thecae forma oculo
nudo jam dignoscenda.

s
MERCEYA Schimp.
Merceya subminuta Broth. sp. nov.

Autoica; tenella, caespitosa, caespitibus densis, late extensis, fuscescenti-
viridibus, haud nitidis; cau/is usque ad 1 cm altus, erectus, strictus, basi
fusco-radiculosus, dense foliosus, simplex vel apice innovationibus bre-
vibus, erectis praeditus; folia sicea incurvula, contracta, marginibus
undulatis, humida erecto-patentia, carinato-concava, e basi breviter spathu-
lata oblongo-lingulata, breviter acuminata, acuta, c. 2 mm longa et c. 0.53
mm lata, marginibus erectis, integerrimis, nervo crassiusculo, rufescente,
infra summum apicem folii evanido, dorso laevi, cellulis plus minusve
incrassatis, lumine angulato-rotundato, c. 0.007: mm, chlorophyllosis,
basilaribus internis subito multo majoribus, laxis, quadratis, fusco-aureis,
ad marginem infimam anguste rectangularibus, omnibus laevissimis ;
bracteae perichaetu foliis similes; seta c. 4 mm alta, tenuis, strictiuscula,
sicca dextrorsum torta, lutea, laevissima; theca erecta, minuta, breviter
oblonga, leptodermis, sicea deoperculata plicatula, nitidula, pallide fusea ;

954954

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144 BROTHERUS.

operculum oblique rostratum, rostro tenue, thecam aequante; calyptra
cucullata, operculum tantum obtegens.
Luzon, Province of Benguet, Kabayan, Merrill 4993, on damp cliffs.

Species ob inflorescentiam autoicam a speciebus adhue descriptis dignoscenda,
sed speciei indescriptae, M. minutae Broth., e Himalaya valde affinis, unde nomen.

Merceya Bacanii Broth. sp. nov.

Morea; gracilis, caespitosa, caespitibus mollibus, densis, late extensis,
viridibus, haud nitidis; cawlis 1.5 cm vel paulum ultra altus, erectus,
strictiusculus, basi fusco-radiculosus, densiuscule foliosus, simplex ; folia
sicca contracta, difficiliter emollita, humida erecto-patentia, subcarinato-
concava, apice planiuscula, spathulato-ligulata, rotundato-obtusa, c. 3
mm longa et c. 1 mm lata, marginibus basi anguste recurvis, dein
erectis, integerrimis, nervo crassiusculo, superne multo tenuiore, infra
summum apicem folii evanido, cellulis leptodermibus, subquadratis,
0.008—0.01 mm, chlorophyllosis, sublaevibus, marginem versus in seriebus
pluribus multo minoribus, incrassatis, basilaribus laxis, rectangularibus,
inanibus, hyalinis vel aureis, secus nervus alte productis, ibidemque
Sensim minoribus, marginalibus ad basin multo angustioribus. Caetera
ignota.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, For. Bur. 15942 Bacani, on cliffs.
Species M. ligulatae (Spruce) Schimp. affinis, sed foliis latioribus cellulisque
laxis secus nervum alte productis diversa.

ORTHOTRICHACED.
ANOECTANGIUM (Hedw.) Bryol. eur.

Anoectangium euchloron (Schwaegr.) Mitt.
Luzon, Province of Benguet, Bugias, For. Bur. 15985 Bacani.
Area: Tropical America, Cameroon, and Java.

DESMOTHECA Lindb.

Desmotheca apiculata (Doz. & Molk.) Lindb.
Luzon, Province of Cagayan, Bur. Sci. 7972 Ramos.
Area: Sumatra, Java, Amboina, and the Philippines.

MACROMITRIUM Brid.

Macromitrium Reinwardtii Schwaegr.

Luzon, Province of Zambales, Mount Tapulao, Bur. Sci. 5150 Ramos: Province
of Benguet, Mount Pulog, For. Bur. 16431 Curran, Merritt, & Zschokke, Merrill
6398, 6400; on trees, altitude about 2,570 m.

Macromitrium Blumei Nees.

Luzon, Province of Zambales, Mount Tapulao, For. Bur. 8188 Curran
Merritt.

Macromitrium semipellucidum Doz. & Molk.

MINDANAO, Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley, Mrs. Clemens s. n,

Area: Java, Borneo, New Guinea.

Macromitrium subuligerum Bryol. jay.

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BRYOLOGICAL FLORA OF THE PHILIPPINES. 145

Luzon, Province of Bataan, Mount Mariveles, Bur. Sci. 6213 Robinson. MIn-
poro, Alag River, Merrill 5688, on branches of trees along the river, altitude
about 90 m.

Macromitrium sulcatum (Hook. & Grev.) Brid.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Mount Tonglon, Bur. Sci. 5506 Ramos; Mount
Pulog, For. Bur. 16424 Curran, Merritt, € Zschokke,

Macromitrium (Leiostoma) goniostomum Broth. sp. nov.

Dioicum ; robustum, caespitosum, caespitibus laxis, fuscescentibus, haud
nitidis; caulis elongatus, repens, plus minusve fusco-radiculosus, plus
minusve dense ramosus, ramis erectis, 2-3 em longis, dense foliosis,
simplicibus vel superne dichotome ramulosis, obtusis; folia ramea sicca

flexuoso-adpressa, humida erecto-patentia, carinato-concava, e basi oblonga

lanceolato-acuminata, acuta, marginibus erectis, imtegerrimis, rarius
summo apice minutissime serrulatis, nervo continuo vel breviter excedente,
cellulis subrotundis, ¢c. 0.01 mm, haud incrassatis, papilla acuta ornatis,

‘chlorophyllosis, marginalibus minoribus, basilaribus elongatis valde

incrassatis, lumine angustissimo, ad plicas elevato-papillosis; bracteae
perichaetit longe et anguste acuminatae; seta 1-1.5 cm alta, sicca dex-
trorsum torta, tenuis, rubra, laevissima; theca erecta, ovata, indistincte
plicatula, nitidula, fusca, ore angustata, intensius colorata, distincte
plicata; peristomium ?; operculum e basi conica aciculare ; calyptra nuda,
junior summo apice parce pilosa. Planta mascula ignota.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Pauai, Bur. Sci. 8697 McGregor, Bur, Sci. 4551
Mearns, altitude about 2,150 m; Mount Pulog, Bur. Sci. 6401 Merrill.

Species distinctissima, M. suleato (Hook. & Grev.) Brid. habitu similis, sed
foliorum cellulis multo majoribus thecaque ore angustata ibidemque distincte
plicata facillime dignoscenda.

Macromitrium goniorhynchum (Doz. & Molk.) Mitt.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Bur. Sci. 2843a, 2852 Mearns.

SCHLOTHEIMIA Brid.

Schlotheimia Wallisii C. Miill.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Mount Ugo, Bur. Sci. 5868 Ramos; Mount Pulog,
For. Bur. 16397, 16414, 16415 Curran, Merritt, & Zschokke, altitude 2518 to
2670 m, Bur. Sci. 8907 McGregor: Province of Zambales, Mount Tapulao, Bur.
Sci. 5141 Ramos, For. Bur. 8191, 8200 Curran & Merritt: Province of Laguna,
Mount Banajao, Bur. Sci. 6600 Robinson.

Area: Philippines.

FUNARIACE.
FUNARIA Schreb.

Funaria luzonensis Broth.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Pauai, Bur. Sci. 4550, 4552 Mearns, Bur, Sci.
8698 McGregor, altitude about 2,100 m.

Funaria calvescens Schwaegr.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Pauai, Bur. Sci. 8704 McGregor; Mount Pulog,
Bur. Sci. 8911 McGregor; Mount Tonglon, Bur. Sci. 5509 Ramos; Mount Ugo,
Bur. Sci. 5870 Ramos; Trinidad River, Bur. Sci. 5517 Ramos: Province of Abra,
Bur. Sci. 7309 Ramos. Mrnpvoro, For. Bur. 11035 Merritt.

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146 BROTHERUS.

BRYACEA.
BRACHYMENIUM Schwaegr.

Brachymenium nepalense Hook.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Bugias, For. Bur. 15090 Bacani; Mount Pulog,
For. Bur. 16432 Curran, Merritt, & Zschokke,

Brachymenium exile (Doz. & Molk.) Bryol. jay.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Bur. Sci. 5866a Ramos.

Area: Himalaya, Nilghiri, Ceylon, Sumatra, Java, and Formosa.

POHLIA Hedw.

Pohlia scabridens (Mitt.) Broth.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Mount Tonglon, Bur. Sci. 5507 Ramos.

Area: Japan and Formosa.

Pohlia elongata (Hedw.)

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Pauai, Bur. Sci. 4554 Mearns, altitude about
2,100 m.

Area: Europe, Algeria, Kilamandjaro, iteconsiads Caucasas, Himalaya, Yun-
nan, Amur, Japan, and North America.

Pohlia leptocarpa (Bryol. jav.) Fleisch.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Pauai, Bur. Sci. 8685, 8700 McGregor, altitude
about 2,100 m.

Area: Java and Borneo.

ANOMOBRYUM Schimp.
Anomobryum gemmigerum Broth. sp. nov.

Dwicum; robustiusculum, caespitosum, caespitibus laxiusculis, molli-
bus, pallide viridibus, nitidis; cawlis usque ad 3.5 cm longus, erectus,
flexuosulus, infima basi fusco-radiculosus, densiuscule foliosus, simplex,
in axillis foliorum saepe gemmula numerosa, obovata, microphyllina
gerens ; folia imbricata, cochleariformi-concava, oblongo-lanceolata, acuta,
marginibus erectis, summo apice minutissime serrulatis, nervo tenui con-
tinuo vel subcontinuo, cellulis teneris, elongate rhomboideo-hexagonis
(c. 110), basilaribus laxioribus et brevioribus. Caetera ignota.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Bugias, Yor. Bur. 15986 Bacani.
Species foliorum forma et structura gemmulisque microphyllinis distinctissima.

Anomobryum uncinifolium Broth. sp. nov.

Noicum; gracillimum, aliis muscis immixtum, rigidum, lutescenti-
viride, haud nitidum; caulis c. 1 cm altus, erectus, flexuosus, basi fusco-
radiculosus, dense foliosus, simplex vel apice innovationibus binis, erectis,
3-4 mm longis praeditus; folia arcte imbricata, apice unum latus versus
spectantia ideoque ibidem uncinatula, late ovata, obtusiuscula, marginibus
erectis, superne crenulatis, nervo crasso, infra apicem folii evanido,
cellulis rhombeis, valde incrassatis, lumine ovali, basilaribus breviter
rectangularibus vel subquadratis, haud incrassatis; bracteae perichaetii

ES 5 eee ee

a

BRYOLOGICAL FLORA OF THE PHILIPPINES. 147

intimae e basi alte et late vaginante subito in subulam brevem, integram,
obtusiusculam contracta, nervo tenuiore. Caetera ignota.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Mount Pulog, For. Bur. 16417 ex p. Curran,
Merritt, & Zschokke, in the open pine region, altitude about 1,900 m.

Species curiosissima, forsan typus novi generis.

Anomobryum cymbifolium (Lindb.) Broth.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Pauai, Bur. Sci. 4542 Mearns, altitude about

2,100 m.
Area: Himalaya, Khasia, Coorg, Java, Amboina, and the Philippines.

BRYUM Dill., Schimp.

Bryum (Areodictyon) diversifolium Broth. sp. nov.

Dioicum; caespitosum, caespitibus densis, mollibus, pallide lutescenti-
viridibus, nitidis; cawlis vix ultra 1 cm altus, erectus, fusco-tomentosus,
dense foliosus, superne innoyationibus ec. 5 mm longis, erectis dense et
aequaliter foliosis, obtusis; folia caulina sicca suberecta, humida erecto-
patentia, concava, elongate oblonga vel elliptico-oblonga, acuta vel raptim
apiculata, marginibus erectis, integris vel subintegris, nervo tenuissimo,
rubro, infra summum apicem folii evanido vel brevissime excedente,
cellulis teneris, elongate hexagonis, inanibus, basilaribus majoribus,
marginalibus angustissimis, limbum uniseriatum efformantibus ; innova-
tionum erectiora, minora, obtusa vel apiculata; bracteae perichaeti foliis
similes; seta c. 2 cm alta, tenuissima, flexuosula, rubra; theca inclinatula,
asymmetrica, collo corrugato, sporangio oblongo subaequante, sicca sub
ore haud constricta, leptodermis, pallide fusca, aetate fusca, nitidula.
Caetera ignota.

Luzon, District of Bontoc, near Bontoe, For, Bur. 16556 Curran & Merritt.

Species B. compressidenti C. Mull. affinis, sed foliorum forma longe diversa.

Bryum argenteum L.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Pauai, Bur, Sei. 4433 Mearns; Trinidad River,
Bur. Sci. 5517 ex p. Ramos.

Bryum erectum Broth.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Kabayan, For. Bur. 15988 Bacani: District of
Bontoe, Bur, Sci. 7012 Ramos,

Bryum coronatum Schwaegr.

MINDANAO, District of Zamboanga, Port Banga, For. Bur. 9109 Whitford &
Hutchinson,

Bryum ambiguum Dub.

Minporo, For. Bur. 12140 Merritt. Luzon, Province of Bataan, Lamao, For.
Bur. 7519 Curran,

Bryum (Trichophora) rubrolimbatum Broth. sp. nov.

Dioicum, caespitosum, caespitibus laxiusculis, mollibus, pallide viridi-
bus, haud nitidis; caulis vix ultra 1 cm altus, erectus, inferne fusco-
tomentosus, dense foliosus, innovationibus brevibus; folia sicca contracta,
plus minusve distincte spiraliter contorta, humida patula, planiuscula

ait i las, a ‘ae = ‘om SS ee eee ‘x iat oe: gl i te

148 BROTHERUS.

vel carinato-concava, spathulato-obovata, breviter acuminata, acuta, aris-
tata, c. 3 mm longa et c. 1.3 mm lata, marginibus e basi ultra medium plus —
minusve distincte revolutis, superne minute serrulatis, limbata, nervo
basi crassiusculo, dein multo tenuiore, in aristam brevem strictiusculam,
rubram excedente vel infra summum apicem folii evanido, cellulis laxis,
oblongo-hexagonis, chlorophyllosis, basilaribus elongate rectangularibus,
marginalibus elongatis, angustis, limbum biseriatum, rubrum efforman-
_tibus; bracteae perichaetii minores et angustiores, longius aristatae ;
seta 24 cm alta, flexuosula, tenuis, rubra; theca subhorizontalis,
clavato-pyriformis, c. 4 mm longa et c. 1 mm crassa, sicca deoperculata
sub ore haud constricta, fuscescenti-rubra, haud nitida; eaostomiti dentes
rufescentes, lineari-lanceolata, hyalino-limbata, densissime striolata, apice
hyalina, pay illosa, dense lamellata; endostomium sordide luteum, papillo-.
sum; corona basilaris ultra medium dentium producta; processus late
lanceolati, late perforati; cilia terna, longe appendiculata; spori c. 0.007
mm, papillosi; operculum convexum, obtuse apiculatum.
Luzon, Province of Benguet, Pauai, Bur. Sci. 8702 McGregor, altitude about
2,100 m, on earth.
Species ex affinitate B. capillaris L., sed foliis rubrolimbatis jam dignoscenda.
Bryum ramosum (Hook.) Mitt.
Luzon, Province of Benguet, Mount Pulog, For. Bur. 16398 Curran, Merritt,

& Zschokke.
Area: Nepal, Nilghiri, Coorg, Ceylon, Java, and Formosa.

RHODOBRYUM (Schimp.) Hamp.

Rhodobryum Curranii Broth. sp. nov.
Dioicum ; robustum, caespitosum, caespitibus densiusculis, saturate viri-
dibus, inferne fuscescentibus, haud nitidis; cawlis 2-3 em altus, erectus,
flexuosus, inferne fusco-tomentosus, superne dense et subaequaliter foliosus,
simplex; folia sicca contracta, humida erecto-patentia, carinato-concava
vel planiuscula, e basi brevissime spathulata ovalia, breviter aristata, mar-
ginibus erectis vel infima basi angustissime recurvis, e medio ad apicem
argule serrata, nervo crassiusculo, superne multo teuniore, in aristam
brevem excedente, cellulis stereideis nullis praedito, cellulis ovali-hexagonis,
superioribus c. 0.05 mm longis et 0.02—0.025 mm latis, chlorophyllosis,
marginalibus longioribus et angustioribus limbum 1-2 seriatum effor-
mantibus, basilaribus breviter rectangularibus. Caetera ignota.
Luzon, Province of Benguet, For. Bur. 15635 Curran.
Species FR. olivaceo (Hamp.) Broth. affinis, sed foliorum forma limboque
angustissimo dignoscenda.
Rhodobryum giganteum (Hook.) Schimp. :
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mount San Cristobal, Copeland: Province of Ben-
guet, Pauai, Bur. Sci. 8677 McGregor, altitude about 2,100 m.
Area: Nepal, Sikkim, Khasia, Ceylon, Sumatra, Java, Borneo, China, Japan,
Hawaii, and Bourbon.

BRYOLOGICAL FLORA OF THE PHILIPPINES. 149

MNIACE.
MNIUM (Dill.) Linn.

Mnium rostratum Schrad.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Mount Pulog, For. Bur. 16394, 16402 Curran,
Merritt, & Zschokke, altitude about 2,660 m: District of Lepanto, Mount Data,
Bur. Sci. 5965 Ramos.

RHIZOGONIACEAS.
HYMENODON Hook. f. & Wils.

Hymenodon sericeus (Doz. & Molk.) C. Miill.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Mount Pulog, For. Bur. 16404 Curran, Merritt,
€& Zschokke.

Area: Java and Borneo.

RHIZOGONIUM Brid.

Rhizogonium spiniforme (L.) Bruch.

Luzon, Province of Abra, Bur. Sci. 7308 Ramos: Province of Zambales, Mount
Tapulao, Bur. Sci. 5143 Ramos, For, Bur. 8160 Curran & Merritt: Province of
Bataan, Mount Mariveles, For. Bur. 7518 Curran, Merrill 6280: Province of
Camarines, Maagnas, Bur. Sci. 6367 Robinson: Province of Tayabas, Mount Ba-
najao, For. Bur. 7997 Curran & Merritt; Mount Malaraya, For. Bur. 7775 Curran
& Merritt: Province of Benguet, Pauai, Bur. Sci. 8683 McGregor, altitude about
2,100 m. Murnpvoro, For. Bur. 9978 Merritt. Minpanao, ‘Lake Lanao, Camp
Keithley, Mrs. Clemens s. n.

BARTRAMIACE.
LEIOMELA (Mitt.) Broth.

Leiomela javanica (Ren. & Card.) Broth.
Luzon, Province of Benguet, Mount Pulog, Bur. Sci. 8909 McGregor.

Area: Java.
PHILONOTIS Brid.

Philonotis Wallisii (C. Miill.) Jaeg.

Luzon, Province of Rizal, For. Bur. 10041 bis Curran.

Area: Philippines.

Philonotis falcata (Hook.) Mitt. .

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Bugias, For. Bur. 15984 Bacani, Bur, Sci. 5927

Ramos.
BREUTELIA Schimp.

Breutelia Merrillii Broth.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Mount Pulog, For. Bur. 16406 Curran, Merritt,
€& Zschokke. .

Breutelia arundinifolia (Dub.) Broth.

Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mount Banajao, Copeland s. n.

150 -BROTHERUS,
POLYTRICHACEZ.
PSEUDORACELOPUS Broth. gen. nov.

Pseudoracelopus philippinensis Broth. sp. nov.

Dioicus ; gracilis, gregarie crescens, sordide viridis, haud nitidus; caulis
fasciculo centrali majusculo praeditus, usque ad 1 cm vel paulum ultra
altus, erectus, basi fusco-radiculosus, densiuscule foliosus, simplex; folia
infima minuta, superiora multo majora, sicca incurva, humida erecto-
patentia, canaliculato-concava, e basi brevi, vix latiore oblonga vel oblongo-
ligulata, obtusiuscula vel obtusa, unistratosa, marginibus in parte superiore
laminae obtuse serrulatis, lamellis nullis, nervo crassiusculo, infra summum
apicem folii evanido, dorso laevi, fasciculo dorsali et ventrali stereidearum
bene evoluto, cellulis laminalibus laxiusculis, collenchymatice incrassatis,
superioribus lumine subrotundo vel irregulariter angulato, c. 0.025 mm,
chlorophyllosis, basilaribus teneris, rectangularibus, parce chlorophyllosis ;
seta terminalis, 1.5—2 em alta, flexuosula, fuscescenti-lutea, ubique papil-

losa, sicca apice dextrorsum torta; theca erecta vel inclinatula, paulum

asymmetrica, breviter oblonga vel obovato-oblonga, brevicollis, sicca ma-
crostoma, sub ore constricta, laevis; stomata nulla; exostomii dentes in
membrana humili lineares obtusi, c. 0.15 mm longi, rufescentes, anguste
hyalino-limbati; sport 0.005 mm, lutescenti-virides, laevissimi ; operculum
convexum, late et obtuse mammillatum; calyptra albida, pilosa, thecam
totam obtegens. Plantula mascula ignota.

Luzon, Province of Cagayan, on earth, Bur. Sci. 7572, 7576 Ramos.

Genus insigne, inter Racelopus Doz. & Molk. et Pogonatum Brid. ponendum,
ab hoe foliis lamellis omnino destitutis setaque papillosa, ab illo foliorum structura
dignoscendum.

POGONATUM Palis.

Pogonatum albo-marginatum (C. Miill.) Jaeg.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Bur. Sci. 2849 Mearns, For. Bur. 15637 Curran;
Mount Ugo, Bur. Sci. 5513, 5871 Ramos: Baguio, Bur. Sci. 8804 McGregor, Cope-
land; Mount Pulog, For. Bur. 16409 Curran, Merritt, & Zschokke, pine slopes,
altitude 1730 to 2,000 m; Pauai, Bur. Sci. 8687, 8693, 8696 McGregor: Province
of Nueva Viscaya, Bur. Sci. 8279 Ramos: Province of Zambales, Mount Tapulao,
For. Bur. 8201 Curran & Merritt: Provinee of Abra, Bur. Sci. 7316 Ramos.

Pogonatum microstomum R. Br.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Mount Pulog, For. Bur. 16411 Curran, Merritt,
& Zschokke, grassy slopes, altitude about 1,900 m, Bur, Sci. 8908 McGregor ;
Pauai, Bur. Sci. 8687 ex p. McGregor, altitude about 2,100 m.

Pogonatum Warburgii C. Miill.

Luzon, Province of Zambales, Mount Tapulao, For. Bur. 8176 Curran &
Merritt: District of Lepanto, Mount Data, Bur. Sci. 5957 ea p. Ramos.

Area: Philippines.

Pogonatum spurio-cirratum Broth. sp. nov.

Pogonatum cirratum Broth. in Philip. Journ. Sei. 3 (1908) Bot. 22, nee.
P. cirratum (Sw.) Brid. |

BRYOLOGICAL FLORA OF THE PHILIPPINES. 151

Dioicum; sat gracile, caespitosum, caespitibus laxis, rigidis, fuscescenti-
viridibus, apice obscure viridibus, vix nitidiusculis; cawlis usque ad 11
em altus, erectus, infima basi fusco-radiculosus, laxe foliosus, plerumque
simplex, raro apice furcatus; folia infima minuta, squamaeformia, dein
sensim multo majora, sicca laxe circinato-incurva, marginibus.inyolutis,
humida canaliculato-concava, e basi semivaginante, breviter ovali, sensim
lineari-lanceolata, acutiuscula, marginibus in parte vaginali integris, in
lamina parte infima excepta dense serratis, lamina lamellis densis, ab uno
strato (2-5) cellularum subaequalium constructis obtecta, nervo crasso,
subexcurrente, superne dorso spinoso-serrato, cellulis laminalibus minutis,
incrassatis, quadratis, c. 0.01 mm, vaginalibus teneris, elongate rectangu-
laribus marginalibus multo brevioribus, subincrassatis, seta terminalis vel
caulis innoyvatione pseudo-lateralis, 2.5-3.5 cm alta, flexuosula, rubra,
nitidiuscula; theca erecta vel suberecta, oblongo-cylindrica, sicca macros-
toma et infra orificium paulum contracta, haud plicata, fusco-viridis ;
exostomtt dentes sicci incurvi c. 0.2 mm alti, hyalini, medio rufescentes ;
spori 0.005—-0.007 mm, olivacei, laevissimi; operculum e basi convexa
conico-acuminatum; calyptra pallida, pilosa, thecam totam obtegens.
Planta mascula ignota.

Luzon, District of Lepanto, Mount Data, Merrill 4908, altitude about 2,120 m: |
Province of Benguet, Pauai, Bur. Sci. 4557 Mearns, Bur. Sci. 8688 McGregor,
altitude about 2,100 m; Mount Tonglon, Bur. Sci. 5505 Ramos; Mount Pulog,
Bur. Sci. 6396 Merrill, For. Bur. 16393, 16412 Curran, Merritt, & Zschokke:
Province of Laguna, Mount Banajao, altitude 2,000 m, Copeland, Bur. Sci. 6562
Robinson, For. Bur. 7992 Curran & Merritt.

Species a me prius cum P. cirrato (Sw.) Brid. commutata, sed foliis in
parte vaginali integris setaque breviore dignoscenda.

Pogonatum Wallisii (€. Miill.) Jaeg.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Batan, Bur. Sci, 5924 Ramos.

Area: Philippines.

CRYPHAEACEE.
PILOTRICHOPSIS Besch.

Pilotrichopsis dentata (Mitt.) Besch.
Luzon, Province of Benguet, Mount Pulog, Bur. Sci. 8906 McGregor.
Area: Japan and Formosa.

SPIRIDENTACEZ.
SPIRIDENS Nees.

Spiridens Reinwardtii Nees.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Mount Tonglon, Bur. Sci. 5516 Ramos: Pauai,
Bur. Sci. 8679 McGregor, Bur. Sci. 4436 Mearns, altitude about 2,100 m: District
of Lepanto, Mount Data, For. Bur. 16014 Bacani, altitude about 2,100 m: Province
of Cagayan, Caua Voleano, Clark s.n. LEYTE, central divide, altitude about 1,150
m, For. Bur. 16Q15 Rosenbluth.

ae. Ae eee! ee ee ee Pee . Os! a ee et ee RS ill ie a an oe | Ce Pv ee eae

152 BROTHERUS.

MYURIACE.
MYURIUM Schimp.

Myurium Foxworthyi (Broth.) Broth. comb. nov.

Oedicladium Foxworthyi Broth. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 3 (1908) Bot. 23.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mount Banajao, Bur. Sci. 6608 Robinson, altitude
2,000 m.

NECKERACE.
PTEROBRYELLA (C. Miill.) C. Mill.

Pterobryella longifrons (C. Miill.) C. Miill.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mount Banajao, Copeland s. n., Bur. Sci. 6592
Robinson, For. Bur. 7985 Curran & Merritt.

TRACHYLOMA Brid.

Trachyloma tahitense Besch.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Mount Pulog, For. Bur. 16427 Curran, Merritt,
& Zschokke.

Area: Ceylon, Java, and Tahiti.

ENDOTRICHELLA ©, Miill.

Endotrichella elegans (Doz. & Molk.) C. Miill.
: BaTaNnes IsLAnps, Batan, Mount Iraya, Bur. Sci. 8862 Féniw. Luzon, Prov-
ince of Zambales, Mount Tapulao, Bur. Sci. 5140 Ramos: Province of Benguet,
Mount Pulog, Bur. Sci. 8905 McGregor.

GAROVAGLIA Endl.

Garovaglia plicata (Nees) Endl.
MINDANAO, Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley, Mrs. Clemens s. n.
Area: Sikkim, Sumatra, Java, and Ceram.

PTEROBRYOPSIS Fleisch.

Pterobryopsis (Pterobryodendron) Clemensiae Broth. sp. nov.

Dioica; robusta, lutescenti-viridis, nitidiuscula ; caulis secundarius cum
ramis c. 6 cm altus, stipitatus, stipite 1-2 cm alto, foliis squamaeformibus
plerumque destructis obtecto, superne dendroideo-ramosus, ramis erecto-
patentibus vel suberectis, usque ad 4 cm longis et 5—6 mm crassis, strictius-
culis, dense et turgide foliosis, parce ramulosis, obtusis vel breviter flagel-
liformiter attenuatis ibidemque corpusculis numerosissimis, pluricellular-
ibus praeditus; folia ramea_ erecto-patentia, cochleariformi-concava,
oblonga, subito in subulam c. 0.6 mm longam, strictiusculam, angustam
attenuata, marginibus superne conniventibus, integerrimis, enervia, cel-
Iulis anguste linearibus, basilaribus infimis laxioribus, inter se porosis,
aureis, alaribus sat numerosis, subquadrato-hexagonis, fusco-aureis, omni-
bus laevissimis. Caetera ignota.

* MInpDANAO, Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley, Mrs. Clemens “P.”
Species pulcherrima, a speciebus caeteris sectionis foliis enerwiis dignoscenda.

a ew

—.?

BRYOLOGICAL FLORA OF THE PHILIPPINES. 153

SYMPHYSODON Fleisch.

Symphysodon subneckeroides Broth.
MrnvaNnao, Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley, Mrs. Clemens “Q.”
Area: Negros.

METEORIUM Doz. & Molk., Fleisch.
Meteorium Miquelianum (C. Miill.) Fleisch.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Mount Pulog, Bur. Sci. 8910 McGregor.
Area: Ceylon, Sumatra, Java, Celebes, Ternate, Halmaheira, Batjan, Sum-

bawa, Japan, and New Guinea,

Meteorium helminthocladum (C. Miill.) Fleisch.
Luzon, Province of Benguet, Mount Pulog, Merrill 6397 ; Pauai, altitude about

2,100 m, Bur. Sci. 8691 McGregor, Merrill 6671.

&

Area: China, Japan, and Formosa.
AEROBRYOPSIS Fleisch.

Aérobryopsis longissima (Doz. & Molk.) Fleisch.
Luzon, Province of Benguet, Pauai, Merrill 6674, altitude about 2,100 m.
Area; Malay Archipelago to New Guinea.
Var. Dozyana (C. Miill.) Fleisch.
Luzon, Province of Camarines, Maagnas, Bur. Sci. 6337 Robinson.
Area: Java.
FLORIBUNDARIA C. Miill.

Floribundaria floribunda (Doz. & Molk.) Fleisch.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Mount Pulog, lor. Bur, 16419 Curran, Merritt,
Zschokke.

Area: Widely distributed in southern and eastern Asia, extending to New

Guinea and Polynesia.

BARBELLA (C. Miill.) Fleisch.

Barbella pendula (Sull.) Fleisch.
Luzon, Province of Benguet, Pauai, Merrill 6672.
Area: Ceylon, Sumatra, Java, Formosa, China, Japan, and North America.

METEORIOPSIS Fleisch.

Meteoriopsis reclinata (C. Miill.) Fleisch.
Luzon, Province of Benguet, Mount Tonglon, Bur. Sci. 5510 ea p. Ramos.
Area: Sikkim, Nilghiri, Coorg, Java, Celebes, Formosa, and the Philippines.

CHRYSOCLADIUM Fleisch.

Chrysocladium rufifolioides Broth. sp. nov.

Dioicum; sat gracile, pendulum, fusco-aureum, haud nitidum ; caulis

secundartus usque ad 12 cm longus, dense subpinnatim ramosus, ramis
elongatis, complanatis, dense foliosis, attenuatis, simplicibus vel irregul-
ariter ramulosiss folia ramea disticha, patula,*e basi breviter decurrente,
cordato-ovata lanceolato-subulata, longe pilifera, marginibus basi uno
latere inflexis, ubique argute serrulatis, nervo tenui, lutescente, ultra
medium folii evanido, cellulis elongate rhomboideis, papillosis, basilaribus

ee 2. oe ee ae! ee ee ee ee

ee See es er eee oe Oe

:
j
f
|

eee ee eee. ee - i) dl Ee al eee

154 BROTHERUS.

elongatis, incrassatis, laevibus, alaribus paucis, quadratis, fusco-aureis.
Caetera ignota.
Luzon, Province of Benguet, Mount Pulog, Bur. Sci. 8914 McGregor.

Species C, rufifolio (Mitt.) habitu valde similis, sed foliis distinctius papillosis,
cellulisque basilaribus elongatis, incrassatis dignoscenda.

TRACHYPUS Reinw., Fleisch.

Trachypus subbicolor C. Miill.
Luzon, Province of Benguet, Pauai, Merrill 6679: District of Lepanto, Mount
Data, For. Bur. 16013 Bacani.

TRACHYPODOPSIS Fleisch.

Trachypodopsis crispatula (Hook.) Fleisch.
Luzon, Province of Benguet, Bur. Sci. 3386 Mearns; Pauai, altitude about
2,100 m, Bur. Sci. 8690 McGregor.
Area: Sikkim, Bhotan, Nepal, Khasia, Yunnan, Ceylon, Andamans, and Hal-
maheira,
PSEUDOSPIRIDENTOPSIS (Broth.) Fleisch.

Pseudospiridentopsis horrida (Mitt.) Fleisch.
Luzon, Province of Zambales, Mount Tapulao, For. Bur. 8195 Curran & Merritt.
Area: Bhotan and Formosa.

CALYPTOTHECIUM Mitt.

Calyptothecium tumidum (Dicks.) Fleisch.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Mount Tonglon, Bur. Sei. 5510 Ramos.

Area: Nepal, Madras, Coorg, Ceylon, Sumatra, Java, Celebes, Sumbawa, Ceram,
Saparoea, New Guinea, and the Philippines.

Calyptothecium MacGregorii Broth. sp. nov.

Dioicum ; robustulum, pallide viride, nitidum ; caulis secundarius usque
ad 16 cm longus, pendulus, flexuosus, laxiuscule foliosus, dense vel remote
et irregulariter pinnatus, ramis patulis, vix ultra 3 em longis, complan-
atulis, laxiuscule foliosis, obtusis; folia caulina patentia, asymmetrica,
concava, superne undulata, oblongo-ligulata, late et breviter acuminata,
saepe apiculata, marginibus erectis, apice minutissime serrulatis, nervo
simplici, tenui, vix ultra medium folii producto, cellulis angustissimis,
flexuosulis, basilaribus laxioribus, inter se porosis, infimis laxis, plerumque
fusco-aureis ; bracteae perichaetii internae erectae, elongatae, e basi longe
vaginante sensim lanceolato-subulatae, integrae, nervo simplici, ad basin
subulae evanido; seta vix ultra 0.5 mm alta, stricta; theca erecta, ovalis,
fusca. Caetera ignota.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Mount Pulog, Bur. Sci. 8913 McGregor.
Species praecedenti habitu similis, sed foliorum forma facillime dignoscenda.

NECKEROPSIS Reichdt.

Neckeropsis crinita (Griff.) Fleisch.

Neckera crinita Griff.

Luzon, Province of Nueva Ecija, Cabanatuan, Bur. Sci. 5284 McGregor.
Area: Assam, Ceylon, and Tonkin.

oe re

BRYOLOGICAL FLORA OF THE PHILIPPINES. 155

Neckeropsis Lepineana (Mont.) Fleisch.

Neckera Lepineana Mont.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Bur. Sci. 3387 Mearns. MInNpANAO, Lake Lanao,
Camp Keithley, Mrs. Clemens s. n.

Neckeropsis gracilenta (Bryol. jav.) Fleisch.

Neckera gracilenta Bryol. jav.

Minpanao, Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley, Mrs. Clemens s, n.

Area: Sumatra, Java, Borneo, Ceram, Celebes, and New Guinea.

HIMANTHOCLADIUM (Mitt.) Fleisch.

Himanthocladium loriforme (Bryol. jav.) Fleisch.

Neckera loriformis Bryol. jav.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Bur. Sci. 2856 Mearns.

Area: Java, Ceram, Banca, Celebes, New Guinea, and the Philippines.

HOMALIODENDRON Fleisch.

Homaliodendron flabellatum (Dicks.) Fleisch.

BATANES ISLANDS, Batan, Bur. Sci. 3864 Fénia. Luzon, District of Lepanto,
Mount Data, For. Bur. 16019 Bacani, altitude about 2,200 m. .

Area: Nilghiri, Coorg, Ceylon, Malacca, Sumatra, Java, Ternate, Halmaheira,
Saparoea, Borneo, Japan, and New Guinea.

Homaliodendron scalpellifolium (Mitt.) Fleisch.

Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mount Banajao, altitude 2,000 m, Bur. Sci. 6598
Robinson.

Area: Ceylon, Sumatra, Java, Amboina, Ternate, Ceram, Halmaheira, Sa-
paroea, Borneo, Tonkin, Philippines, and Japan.

ENTODONTACE.,
CLASTOBRYUM Doz. & Molk.

Clastobryum (Pseudosymphyodon) robustum Broth. sp. nov.

Dioicum ; robustum, caespitosum, caespitibus laxis, lutescenti-viridibus,
nitidis; caulis elongatus, repens, fusco-radiculosus, laxiuscule foliosus,
dense pinnatim ramosus, ramis plerumque usque ad 1.5 cm longis, adscen-
dentibus, laxiuscule foliosis, sensim attenuatis, flagella brevi terminatis,
superne corpusculis numerosis, filiformibus, multicellularibus, fuscis,
fasciculatim confertis praeditis, rarius brevioribus, obtusis; folia erecto-
patentia, breviter decurrentia, concava, oblongo-lanceolata, anguste acum-
inata, marginibus ubique anguste recurvis, superne minute serrulatis,
nervis binis, brevibus, cellulis anguste linearibus, basilaribus infimis
laxioribus, alaribus numerosis, laxis, quadratis vel rotundato-hexagonis,
in parte decurrente rectangularibus, hyalinis vel aureis, omnibus laevis-
simis. Caetera ignota.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Mount Pulog, Bur. Sci. 8912 McGregor.
Species statura robusta a congeneribus prima fronte jam dignoscenda.

CAMPYLODONTIUM Doz. & Molk.

Campylodontium flavescens (Hook.) Bryol. jay.
Luzon, Province of Benguet, Bugias, For. Bur. 15987 Bacani.

0 es | 4)

156 BROTHERUS.

ERYTHRODONTIUM Hamp.

Erythrodontium julaceum (Hook.) Par.
Luzon, Province of Benguet, Lutab to Kabayan, Bur. Sci. 8790 McGregor.
Area: Nilghiri, Mysore, Nepal, Sikkim, Khasia, Assam, Tonkin, and Yunnan.

STEREOPHYLLUM Mitt.

Stereophyllum anceps (Bryol. jav.) Broth.
Luzon, Province of Nueva Ecija, Cabanatuan, Bur. Sci. 5265 McGregor.

FABRONIACEA.
MERRILLIOBRYUM Broth.

Merrilliobryum philippinense Broth. ;
Luzon, Province of Benguet, Mount Pulog, For. Bur. 16432 ex p. Curran,
Merritt, & Zschokke.
HOOKERIACEE.

DALTONIA Hook. & Tayl.

Daltonia revoluta Broth. sp. nov.

Autowca; tenella, caespitosa, caespitibus parvis, mollibus, lutescenti-
viridibus, haud nitidis; caulis vix ultra 1 cm altus, suberectus, fusco-
radiculosus, dense foliosus, simplex vel superne ramis brevibus, erectis,
praeditus; folia sicca laxe adpressa, comalia saepe contorta, humida
suberecta, e basi oblonga lanceolato-lingulata, breviter subulata, margin-
ibus usque ad apicem revolutis, integerrimis, limbata, nervo tenui, longe
infra apicem folii evanido, cellulis pellucidis, haxagono-ovalibus, teneris,
basin versus multo majoribus et longioribus, marginalibus elongatis,
angustis, limbum lutescentem, usque ad 5-seriatum efformantibus; seta
vix ultra 1 cm alta, flexuosula, tenuissima, rubra, sublaevis; theca erecta
vel suberecta, ovalis, minuta, brevicollis, atropurpurea ; operculum luteum,
e basi convexo-conica longe subulatum.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Mount Pulog, Mor. Bur. 16405 Curran, Merritt, &

Zschokke.,
Species D. angustifoliae Doz. & Molk. affinis, sed foliorum forma dignoscenda.

DISTICHOPHYLLUM Doz. & Molk.

Distichophyllum Mittenii Bryol. jav.
BATANES ISLANDS, Batan, Mount Iraya, Bur. Sci. 3854 Fénia.
Area: Ceylon, Java, Formosa, and New Caledonia.

HOOKERIOPSIS (Besch.) Jaeg.

Hookeriopsis geminidens Broth. sp. nov.

Species purpurascens, pulcherrima, H. uticamundianae (Mont.)
Broth. habitu foliorumque forma et areolatione valde similis, sed: foliis
superne subciliato-dentatis, dentibus saepe geminatis nec non inflorescentia
ut videtur dioica dignoscenda.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, For. Bur. 15929 Bacani.

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BRYOLOGICAL FLORA OF THE PHILIPPINES. 157

CALLICOSTELLA (C. Miill.) Jaeg.

Callicostella papillata (Mont.) Jaeg.
Luzon, Province of Cagayan, Bur. Sci. 7573 Ramos.

HYPOPTERYGIACE.
LOPIDIUM Hook. f. & Wils.

Lopidium javanicum Hamp.

Hypopterygium Struthiopteris Bryol. jav.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Pauai, altitude about 2,100 m, Bur. Sci. 8701
McGregor. ,

Area: Nilghiri, Ceylon, Sumatra, Java, Batjan, and New Guinea.

LESKEACE®.
DUTHIELLA ©. Miill.

Duthiella complanata Broth. sp. noy.

Dioica ; robusta, fuscescenti-viridis, haud nitida; caules secundarti num-
erosi, flexuosi, dense foliosi, superne pinnatim vel subdendroideo-ramosi,
ramis complanatis, dense foliosis, brevibus, simplicibus vel longioribus, plus
minusve ramulosis; folia sicca laxe adpressa, indistincte plicata, humida
erecto-patentia, concaviuscula, e basi ovato-lanceolata sensim lanceolato-
linearia, acuta, acumine saepe semitorto, marginalibus erectis, undulatis,
inferne minute, superne.argute et inaequaliter serratis, nervo crassiusculo,
infra apicem folii evanido, cellulis anguste angulato-ellipticis, plerumque
uni- vel pluripapillosis, obscuris, basin versus sensim longioribus, alaribus
sat numerosis, laxe hexagono-ovalibus, marginalibus elongatis, laevissimis,
limbum uniseriatum efformantibus; bracteae perichaectii e basi vaginante
abrupte in acumen longissimum, reflexum;loriforme, serrulatum attenua-
tae, obsoletinerves, cellulis omnibus elongatis, laevissimis; seta 2.5 cm
alta, laevissima; theca horizontalis, asymmetrica, oblongo-cylindrica,
sicca deoperculata, curvatula, fusca, laevis. Caetera ignota.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Pauai, altitude about 2,100 m, Bur. Sci. 8680,
8706 McGregor.

Species D. Wallichii (Hook.) C. Miill. affinis, sed statura rubustiore ramisque
complanatis oculo nudo jam dignoscenda.

PELEKIUM Mitt.
Pelekium velatum Mitt.
Luzon, Province of Camarines, For. Bur. 12298 Curran: Province of Laguna,
Mount Maquiling, Merrill 6315.

THUIDIUM Bryol. eur.

Thuidium Meyenianum (Hamp.) Bryol. jav.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Pauai, altitude about 2,100 m, Bur. Sei. 8689
McGregor. MINDANAO, District of Zamboanga, Port Banga, For. Bur. 9085 Whit-
ford & Hutchinson. .

Area: Java, Saparoea, Banca, and the Philippines.

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158 BROTHERUS.

Thuidium casuarinum (C. Miill.) Jaeg.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Mount Tonglon, Bur. Sci. 5497 Ramos, Mount
Pulog, altitude about 2,600 m, For. Bur. 16403 Ourran, Merritt, & Zschokke:
Pauai, altitude about 2,100 m, Bur. Sci. 8676 McGregor.

Area: Philippines.

Thuidium plumulosum (Doz. & Molk.) Bryol. jav.

Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mount Maquiling, Merrill 6319 ex p.

HYPNACE.
MACROTHAMNIUM Fleisch.

Macrothamnium macrocarpum (Reinw. & Hornsch.) Fleisch.

Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mount Banajao, altitude about 2,000 m, Bur. Sci.
6596 Robinson, Copeland s. n.: District of Lepanto, Mount Data, Bur. Sci. 5966
Ramos, For. Bur. 16017 Bacani.

LEPTOHYMENIUM Schwaegr.

Leptohymenium tenue (Hook.) Schwaegr.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Mount Pulog, on trees, altitude about 2,100 m,
For. Bur. 16425, 16426 Curran, Merritt, & Zschokke.

Area: Himalaya, Nepal, Bhotan, Khasia, and Burma.

ECTROPOTHECIUM Mitt.

Ectropothecium assimile Broth. sp. nov.

Autoicum; robustiusculum, caespitosum, caespitibus laxis, albescent-
ibus, nitidis ; caulis elongatus, repens, per totam longitudinem fasciculatim
fusco-radiculosus, dense subpinnatim ramosus, ramis et ramulis valde
complanatis, cum foliis usque ad 1.5 mm latis, dense foliosis, obtusis ;
folia disticha, concava, patentia, asymmetrica, ovato-lanceolata, breviter
acuminata, marginibus erectis, minutissime serrulatis, brevissime binervia,
cellulis angustissime linearibus, alaribus paucis, quadratis, hyalinis, omni-
bus laevissimis; bracteae perichaetii intimae e basi lato raptim lanceolato-
subulatae, filiformi-acuminatae, apice minutissime serrulatae ; seta 12 mm,
tenuissima, flexuosula, rubra, laevissima; theca horizontalis, minuta,
ovalis, sicca deoperculata sub ore paulum constricta, fusco-rubra; oper-
culum e basi convexa alte apiculatum.

Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mount Maquiling, Merrill 6316.

Species 2. monumentorum (Dub.) Jaeg. valde affinis, sed foliis paulum laxius
reticulatis thecaque majore dignoscenda.

Ectropothecium micropyxis Broth. sp. nov.

Autoicum; gracile, caespitosum, caespitibus mollibus, densiusculis,
depressis, lutescenti-viridibus, nitidis; caulis elongatus, repens, flexuosus,
per totam longitudinem fasciculatim fusco-radiculosus, densiuscule

- foliosus, pinnatim ramosus, ramis vix ultra 5 mm longis, patulis, com-

planatulis, simplicibus, obtusis; folia caulina faleatula, concaviusecula, e

basi breviter decurrente, ovata subito lanceolato-subulata, filiformi-_

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BRYOLOGICAL FLORA OF THE PHILIPPINES. 159

acuminata, marginibus erectis, integris, brevissime binervia vel enervia,
cellulis breviter linearibus, laevissimis, ramea brevius acuminata, summo
apice serrulata; bracteae perichaetii internae erectae, e basi semivaginante
sensim lanceolato-subulatae, filiformi-acuminatae, integrae; seta c. 7 mm,
tenuissima, rubra, laevissima; theca minutissima, subnutans, ovalis, sicca
deoperculata, sub ore constricta, cellulis prominentibus grosse mammillosa,
atropurpurea ; operculum e basi convexo apiculatum, grosse mammillosum.

Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mount Maquiling, Merrill 6318 ex p.: Province
of Benguet, For. Bur. 15768 ex p. Curran & Merritt. .

Species foliis filiformi-acuminatis nec non theca minutissima, grosse mam-
millosa facillime dignoscenda.

Ectropothecium callichroides (C. Miill.) Jaeg.

Luzon, Province of Albay, Mount Mayon, Bur. Sci. 6480 Robinson.

Area: Philippines.

Ectropothecium luzoniae (C. Miill.) Jaeg.

Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mount Maquiling, Merrill 6318 ew p.: Province of
Benguet, For. Bur. 15768 ex p. Curran & Merritt.

Area: Philippines.

STEREODON (Brid.) Mitt.

Stereodon deflexifolius (Mitt.) Broth.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Pauai, altitude about 2,100 m, Bur. Sci. 4558
Mearns: District of Lepanto, Mount Data, For. Bur. 16015 Bacan.

Area: Sikkim and Bhotan.

TRISMEGISTIA (C. Miill.) Broth.

Trismegistia lancifolia (C. Miill.) Broth.

Acanthocladium lancifolium Broth. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 2 (1907) Bot. 342.

Luzon, Province of Camarines, Maagnas, Bur. Sci. 6320, 6356 Robinson. NE-
GRos, Cadiz, Bur. Sci. 7360 Celestino.

Trismegistia Korthalsii (C. Miill.)

Acanthocladium Korthalsii Broth. 1. ¢.

Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mount Maquiling, Bur. Sci. 6623 iguon:

ACANTHOCLADIUM Mitt.

Acanthocladium Robinsonii Broth. sp. nov.

Dioicum; sat gracile, pallide viride, nitidum; caulis repens, dense
fusco-radiculosus, dense ramosus, ramis usque ad 3 cm longis, densiuscule
foliosis, complanatis, breviter cuspidatis, irregulariter pinnatim ramulosis,
ramulis patentibus, valde complanatis, vix ultra 1 cm longis, obtusis;
folia ramea erecto-patentia, concaviuscula, e basi ovali sensim lanceolato-
subulata, marginibus erectis, superne serrulatis, nervo 0, cellulis angustis-
sime linearibus, laevissimis, basilaribus brevioribus et laxioribus, inter
se porosis, infimis aureis, alaribus c. 6, laxis, oblongis, fusco-aureis ;
folia ramulina minora et angustiora, brevius et latius acuminata, argutius
serrulata; bracteae perichaetii internae erecto-patentes, late ovato-lanceo-
latae, longissime loriformi-subulatae, superne argute serrulatae, cellulis

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basilaribus laxis, teneris; seta 4.5 cm alta, tenuissima, flexuosula, rubra,
laevissima ; theca inclinata vel ob setam apice late arcuatum pendula,
asymmetrica, ovalis, brevicollis, sicea curvatula et infra orificium con-
strictula, atro-purpurea, haud nitida; operculum breviter conicum,
obfuinmh, apiculatum. Planta mascula ignota.

‘Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mount Banajao, on trees, altitude about 1,800 m,
Bur. Sci. 6566 Robinson.

Species pulcherrima, habitu A. ewtenuato (Brid.) Mitt. similis, sed foliorum
forma et structura aliisque notis diversissima.

ISOPTERYGIUM Mitt.

Isopterygium albescens (Schwaegr.) Jaeg.
Luzon, Province of Benguet, Mount Tonglon, Bur. Sci. 5514 Ramos.

PLAGIOTHECIUM Bryol. eur.

Plagiothecium Miquelii (Bryol. jav.) Broth.

Luzon, Province of Cagayan, Claveria, Bur. Sci. 7579 Ramos.

Area: Malacca, Sumatra, Java, Banca, and Borneo.

Plagiothecium neckeroideum Bryol. eur.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Mount Pulog, in forests, altitude about 2,600 m,
For. Bur, 16382 Curran, Merritt, & Zschokke.

Area: Salzburg, Styria, Carinthia, Switzerland, Himalaya, and Japan.

TAXITHELIUM Spruce.

Taxithelium papillatum(Harv.) Broth.
Luzon, Province of Zambales, Bur. Sci. 5139 Ramos: Province of Cagayan,
Bur. Sci. 7577 Ramos. Neraros, Cadiz, Bur. Sci. 7359 Celestino.

Taxithelium (Oligostigma) spurio-subtile Broth. sp. nov.

Autoicum ; tenerrimum, caespitosum, caespitibus densissimis, mollibus,
lutescentibus, vix nitidiusculis; caulis repens, fusco-radiculosus, densis-
sime ramosus, ramis suberectis, complanatulis, brevibus, densiuscule foli-
osis, vix attenuatis; folia sicca laxe adpressa, humida erecto-patentia,
concava, e basi constricta ovata, abrupte plus minusve longe subulato-
acuminata, marginibus erectis, serrulatis, enervia, cellulis angulato-
oblongis vel sublinearibus, haud incrassatis, dorso papilla singula, elevata,
media ornatis, basilaribus infimis abbreviatis, saepe aureis, alaribus vix
distinctis ; bracteae perichaetti internae erectae, oblongo-lanceolatae, sensim
subfiliformiter attenuatae, subula serrulata, cellulis elongatis, laevibus;
seta c. 1.5 cm alta, tenuissima, rubra, laevissima; theca inclinata, e collo
brevi breviter oblonga, sicca deoperculata sub ore haud constricta, fusca,
laevis ; operculum e basi conica breviter rostratum.

Luzon, District of Lepanto, Mount Data, For. Bur. 16016 Bacani.

Species 7. subtili (Card.) Broth. valde affinis, sed colore cellulisque foliorum
haud incrassatis jam dignoscenda.

hn Ge

BRYOLOGICAL FLORA OF THE PHILIPPINES. 161

SEMATOPHYLLACE.
SEMATOPHYLLUM Mitt.

Sematophyllum alto-pungens (C. Miill.) Jaeg.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mount Banajao, on trees, altitude about 2,000 m,
Bur. Sei. 6557, 6601 Robinson.
Sematophyllum falcifolium Fleisch.
Minporo, Mount Haleon, Merrill 5705.
Area: Java.
TRICHOSTELEUM (Mitt.) Jaeg.

Trichosteleum hamatum (Doz. & Molk.) Jaeg.

MinpAnao, Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley, Mrs. Clemens s. n.

Trichosteleum cylindricum (Reinw. & Hornsch.) Broth.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Pauai, altitude about 2,100 m, Bur. Sci. 8707
McGregor.

Trichosteleum Boschii (Doz. & Molk.) Jaeg.

MinpAnao, District of Zamboanga, For. Bur. 9282 Whitford & Hutchinson.

Area: Siam, Sumatra, Java, Borneo, and Banca.

BRACHYTHECIACE.
OXYRRHYNCHIUM (Bryol. eur.) Warnst.

Oxyrrhynchium Miilleri (Bryol. jav.) Broth.
Luzon, Province of Benguet, Pauai, Merrill 6673, altitude about 2,100 m.
Area: Java and Sumatra.

RHACOPILACE.
RHACOPILUM Palis.

Rhacopilum spectabile Reinw. & Hornsch.
Luzon, Province of Benguet, Bur. Sct. 5869 Ramos. MINDANAO, Lake Lanao,
Camp Keithley, Mrs. Clemens s. n.

HY PNODENDRACE.
HYPNODENDRON (C. Miill.) Lindb.

Hypnodendron formosicum Card.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Pauai, altitude about 2,100 m, Bur. Sci. 8681
McGregor.

Area: Formosa.

Hypnodendron Reinwardtii (Hornsch.) Lindb.

Luzon, Province of Zambales, Mount Tapulao, For. Bur. 8186 Curran &
Merritt.

forma breviseta Broth.

BaTANES ISLANDS, Batan, Mount Iraya, Bur. Sct. 38849 Pénia.

Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mount Banajao, altitude about 2,000 m, Bur. Sev.
6599 Robinson.

BROTHERUS.

MNIODENDRON Lindab.

Mniodendron divaricatum (Hornsch. & Reinw.) Lindb.

_ Luzon, Province of Zambales, Mount Tapulao, For. Bur. 8164, 8190 Curran
& Merritt, Bur. Sci. 5142 Ramos: Province of Laguna, Mount Banajao, For. Bur.
7987 Curran & Merritt, Bur. Sci. 6602 Robinson: Province of Abra, Bur. Sci. 7313
Ramos.

FUNGI PHILIPPINENSES.’

Auctoribus H. et P. Sypow.

(Berlin, Germany.)

BASIDIOMYCETES.

Guepinia ramosa Curr. Ind. Fung. 127, t. 21, f. 2, 3.

Hab. ad corticem, Luzon, Prov. Cagayan, For. Bur. 16824 Curran, Mar., 1909:
Prov. Nueva Ecija, Cabanatuan, Bur. Sci. 5258 McGregor, Sept., 1908.

Cyathus Poeppigii Tul. in Ann. Sci. Nat. (1844).

Hab. ad terram, Manila, Merrill 6685, Jul., 1909, Bur. Sci. 6285 McGregor.

USTILAGINE.

Ustilago tonglinensis Tracy & Earle in Bull. Torr. Bot. Club 22 (1895) 175.
Hab. in ovariis Ischaemi aristati, Luzon, Prov. Rizal, San Juan del Monte,
Merrill 6230, Jun., 1908.

PHYCOMYCETES.

Synchytrium aecidioides (Peck) Lagh.
Hab. in foliis Dolichi spec., Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Bur. Sci. 6540 Robinson,
Jan., 1909.

UREDINE.

* Puccinia mesomorpha Syd. in Ann. Mye. 8 (1910) 36.

Hab. in foliis Hypoestis spec., Luzon, Prov. Bataan, monte Mariveles, Merrill
6286, Dec., 1908.

Puccinia (7?) Convolvuli (Pers.) Cast. Obs. 1 (1843) 16.

Hab. in foliis Ipomoeae umbellatae, Luzon, Prov. Bataan, Lamao, Merrill 6246,
Nov., 1908: Prov. Laguna, Los Bafios, Merrill 6321.

Puccinia heterospora Berk. & Curt. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 10 (1868) 356.

Hab. in foliis Sidae glutinosae, Luzon, Prov. Bataan, Lamao, Merrill 6245,
Dec., 1908.

Puccinia purpurea Cooke in Grevillea 5 (1876) 15.

Hab. in foliis Sorghi, Nearos, Bur. Sci. 5699 Deason, 1908.

Uromyces Hewittiae Syd. in Ann. Mye. 4 (1906) 30.

Hab. in foliis Hewittiae bicoloris, Luzon, Prov. Bataan, Lamao, Merrill 6243,
Nov., 1908.

‘The species marked with an asterisk were published by the authors as new
in a paper entitled “Fungi novi Philippinenses,” Ann. Myc. 8 (1910) 36-41;
these new species were based on the material here cited. E. D. M.

163

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164 SYDOW.

Uromyces Mucunae Rabh. in Hedwigia 17 (1878) 62.

Hab. in foliis Mucunae Lyonii, Manila, Merrill 6231, 6324.

Hemileia vastatrix Berk. & Br. in Gard. Chron. (1869) 1157.

Hab. in foliis Coffeae arabicae, Luzon, Distr. Bontoc, For. Bur. 15957 Curran,
Jan., 1909.

Aecidium Clerodendri P. Henn. in Engl. Jahrb. 15 (1892) 6.

Hab. in foliis Clerodendri intermedii, Manila, Merrill 6322, Feb. 1909.

Uredo manilensis Syd. in Ann. Myc. 8 (1910) 36.

Hab. in foliis 7'abernamontanae coronariae, Manila, Merrill 6325, Apr., 1909.

Uredo Castaneae P. Henn. in Hedwigia 47 (1908) 252. :

Hab. in foliis Castaneae vulgaris, Luzon, Distr. Lepanto, For. Bur. 15958
Curran, Jan., 1909.

Uredo Kuehnii (Krueg.) Wakk. & Went. in Arch. Java Suiker-industrie
(1896) Afl. 9.

Hab. in foliis Sacehari officinarum, Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Bur. Sci. 65387
Robinson, Dec., 1908.

PERISPORIACEZ.

* Meliola Hyptidis Syd. in Ann. Myc. 8 (1910) 36.
Hab. in foliis Hyptidis suaveolentis, Luzon, Prov. Bataan, Lamao, Merrill
6242, Nov. 1908.

HYPOCREACE/E.

Hypocrea (?) ochracea Pat. in Bull. Soc. Myc. France (1893) 155.
Hab. ad corticem, Luzon, Prov. Benguet, Pauai, Bur. Sci. 8731 McGregor,
Jun., 1909.

VALSACE.

*Valsella Pinangae Syd. in Ann. Myc. 8 (1910) 36.
Hab. ad truncos corticatos Pinangae, Manila, Merrill 6328, Oct., 1909.

SPHAERIACEE.

*Rosellinia (Eurosellinia) procera Syd. in Ann. Myce. 8 (1910) 37.
Hab. ad corticem, Mrnpanao, Distr. Davao, Copeland 499, Mart. 1904.

XYLARIACEZE.

Hypoxylon annulatum (Schw.) Mont. Syll. Crypt. (1856) 213.

Hab. ad corticem, Luzon, Prov. Benguet, Pauai, Merrill 6667, Maio, 1909.

Hypoxylon marginatum (Schw.) Berk. in Cuban Fungi no. 830.

Hab. ad corticem, Luzon, Prov. Benguet, Pauai, Bur. Sci. 8717 McGregor,
Merrill 6670.

* Hypoxylon lilliputianum Syd. in Ann. Mye. 8 (1910) 37.

Hab. ad lignum cariosum, Mrnpanao, Davao, Copeland 656, Sept., 1904.

*Hypoxylon minutellum Syd. l. ec.

Hab. ad corticem, Luzon, Prov. Benguet, Pauai, Bur. Sci. 8721 McGregor,

Jun., 1909.

Nummularia anthracodes (Fr.) Mont. in Ann. Sci. Nat. 13 (1840) 359.
Hab. ad corticem, Luzon, Prov. Benguet, Merrill 6666, Maio, 1909.

Daldinia concentrica (Bolt.) Ces. & DeNot. Comm. Crit. Ital. 1 (1863) 198.
Hab. ad truncos, Luzon, Prov. Bataan, Lamao, For. Bur. 15574 Curran. Ne:

Gros, Bur. Sci. 7358 Celestino, Mart., 1909.

Daldinia Gollani P. Henn. in Hedwigia 40 (1901) 339.
Hab. ad ramos, Manila, Merrill 6326, Feb., 1909.

a ee ee ee ee ee eee ee oe ee Sa a en eS eT a ee ee

FUNGL PHILIPPINENSES. 165

Xylaria obtusissima (Berk.) Sace. Syll. Fung. 1 (1882) 318.

Hab. ad truncos, Luzon, Prov. Nueva Ecija, Bur. Sci. 5242 McGregor, Sept.,
1908,

Xylaria tuberosa (Pers.) Cooke in Grevillea 11 (1883) 88.

Hab. in lignis, Luzon, Prov. Nueva Ecija, Bur. Sci. 5234 McGregor, Sept., 1908.

*Xylaria (Xylostyla) gracilenta Syd. in Ann. Mye. 8 (1910) 38.

Hab, ad frustula lignea, Luzon, Prov. Benguet, Pauai, Merrill 6665, Maio, 1909.

MICROTHYRIACEZ.

* Seynesia Scutellum Syd. in Ann. Myc. 8 (1910) 39.
Hab. in foliis Drimydis piperitae, Luzon, Prov. Benguet, Pauai, Bur. Sci. 8714
McGregor.

HYSTERIACEA.

*Lembosia congregata Syd. in Ann. Mye. 8 (1910) 40.
Hab. in foliis Rhododendri spec., Luzon, Prov. Laguna, monte Banajao, Bur.
Sct. 6583 Robinson, Jan., 1909.-

DOTHIDEACEE.

Auerswaldia Merrillii P. Henn. in Hedwigia 47 (1908) 255.

Hab, in foliis Freycinetiae Williamsii, BATANES ISLANDS, Bur. Sci. 3786a
Féma, Jun., 1907. ;

* Phyllachora aggregatula Syd. in Ann. Myce. 8 (1910) 38.

Hab. in foliis vivis Melastomatis fusci, Luzon, Prov. Bataan, monte Mariveles,
Merrill 6287, Dec., 1908.

*Phyllachora circinata Syd. 1. c¢.

Hab. in foliis Fici spec., Luzon, Prov. Cagayan, For. Bur. 16828 Curran, Mart.,
1909.

Phyllachora Fici-fulvae Koord. Bot. Untersuch. (1907) 182.

Hab. in foliis /ici odoratae, Luzon, Prov. Rizal, Merrill 6240, Nov., 1908.

Phyllachora Fici-minahassae P. Henn. in Hedwigia 47 (1908) 254.

Hab. in foliis Fici odoratae, Luzon, Prov. Laguna, monte Maquiling, Merrill
6320, Feb., 1909.

Phyllachora luzonensis P. Henn. in Hedwigia 47 (1908) 255.

Hab. in foliis Millettiae spec., Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Copeland s. n., Feb., 1909.

Phyllachora Sacchari P. Henn. 1]. c. 41 (1902) 143.

Hab. in foliis Sorghi halepensis, Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Bafios, Bur. Sci.
6711 Robinson, Apr., 1909.

Phyllachora topographica Sacc. Syll. Fung. 14 (1899) 669.

Hab. in foliis Pict spec., Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Copeland s. n., Jan., 1909.

BULGARIACEE.

* Bulgaria pusilla Syd. in Ann. Myce. 8 (1910) 40.
Hab. ad corticem, Luzon, Prov. Benguet, Pauai, Bur. Sci. 8722 McGregor,
Jun., 1909, Merrill 6669, Maio, 1909.

GEOGLOSSACEZE.

Gloeoglossum glutinosum ( Pers.) ‘Durand in Ann. Mye. 6 (1908) 419.
Hab. ad terram, Luzon, Prov. Laguna, monte Banajao, Copeland 2113, Dec.,
1908.

rae te ee
< oom
- S
Q

166 SYDOW.

MOLLISIACE.

* Mollisia ravida Syd. in Ann. Mye. 8 (1910) 40.
Hab. in foliis vivis Lagerstroemiae speciosae, LUZON, Prov. Bataan, Lamao,
Merrill 6244, Nov., 1908.

DEUTEROMYCETES.

* Cytospora calami Syd. in Ann. Myce. 8 (1910) 41.

Hab. ad eculmos Calami spec., Luzon, Prov. Bataan, monte Mariveles, Merrill
6264, Dee., 1908.

* Melasmia exigua Syd. in Ann. Mye. 8 (1910) 41.

Hab. in foliis Loranthi spec., Luzon, Prov. Benguet, monte Pulog, For. Bur.
16448 Curran, Merritt, & Zschokke, Jan., 1909.

*Septogloeum aureum Syd. in Ann. Myce. 8 (1910) 41.

Hab. in ramis Hopeae acuminatae, Luzon, Prov. Bataan, monte Mariveles,
Merrill 6265, Dec., 1908. ;

Ephelis pallida Pat. in Journ. de Bot. (1897) 372.

Hab. in inflorescentiis Andropogonis aciculati, Luzon, Prov. Benguet, Lutab ad
Kabayan, Bur. Sci. 8786 McGregor, Jun., 1909.

Cercospora personata (B. & C.) Ellis in Journ. Mye. (1885).

Hab. in foliis Arachidis hypogaeae, Manila, Merrill 6327, Apr., 1909.

Hadronoma orbiculare Syd. in Ann. Mye. 7 (1909) 172.

Hab. in foliis Quercus spec., Luzon, Prov. Benguet, Pauai, Bur. Sci. 8711
MeGregor, Jun., 1909.

Helminthosporium Ravenelii Curt. & Berk. North Amer. Fungi no. 628.

Hab. in inflorescentiis Sporoboli elongati, Luzon, Prov. Benguet, For. Bur.
15642 Curran, Dec., 1908.

—— os

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THE PHILIPPINE

JOURNAL OF SCIENCE

C. BOTANY
Vou. V AUGUST, 1910 ; No. 3

NEW OR NOTEWORTHY PHILIPPINE PLANTS, VIII.

By E. D. MErRiIx1.

(From the Botanical Section of the Biological Laboratory, Bureau of Science,
. Manila, P. I.)

The following paper is largely composed of the descriptions of about
100 new species of Philippine plants, that have been worked out from
time to time during the past year. In the paper will also be found the
descriptions of four proposed new genera, Astrocalyx and Cephalomedi-
nilla of the Melastomataceae, Curraniodendron of the Saxifragaceae, and
Pygmaeopremna of the Verbenaceae. A number of species previously de-
scribed by various authors are here recorded from the Philippines for
the first time, while several previously considered Philippine forms are
admitted for the purpose of discussion, additional data being available.
Following the rules of priority in, nomenclature, a few new combinations
have been made.

GRAMINE.
ANDROPOGON Linn.

Andropogon citratus DC. Cat. Hort. Monsp. (1813) 78.

Cymbopogon citratus Stapf in Kew Bull. (1906) 322, 357, cum lamina.

Andropogon schoenanthus Blanco Fl. Filip. (1837) 39, ed. 2 (1845) 27, ed. 3,
1 (1877) 50; Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sei. 1 (1906) Suppl. 339, non Linn.

This species is commonly cultivated in the Philippines, although not on a
commercial scale. I have never seen it in flower, but chemical analysis of the
oil extracted from it shows the species to be Andropogon citratus DC., and not
A, schoenanthus Linn.

95948 167

= 2 in cine eal ah ees

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SSA Re ee

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168 ; MERRILL.

DIGITARIA Scop.

Digitaria ciliaris (Retz.) Pers. Syn. 1 (1805) 85.

Panicum ciliare Retz. Obs. 4 (1786) 16.

Paspalum sanguinale var. ciliare Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 7 (1897) 15.

Luzon, Province of Ilocos Norte, Bambam, Bur. Sci. 7661 Ramos, March, 1909:
Province of Rizal, Phil. Pl. 147 Merrill.

Not previously reported from the Philippines; widely distributed in a Indo-
Malayan region, extending to Polynesia.

PANICUM Linn.

Panicum psilopodium Trin. Gram. Panic, (1826) 217; Hook. f. Fl. Brit.
Ind. 7 (1897) 46. ;

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Baguio, Williams 1182, Elmer 6589.

This species has previously been reported from the Philippines, but apparently
on a wrong identification. The specimens here referred to Trinius’ species are
considerably smaller than the typical form.

India to Ceylon, Burma, and Malacca.

ISACHNE R. Br.

Isachne incrassata (Hack.) comb. nov.

Isachne debilis Rendle var. inerassata Hack, in Philip. Journ. Sei. 1 (1906)
Suppl. 268; Merr. 1. e. 350.

Tufted, erect, rather stiff, the culms simple or slightly branched, their
lower nodes sometimes decumbent, glabrous. Leaves rigid, mostly spread-
ing, lanceolate, sharply acuminate, 2.5 to 5 em long, 2 to 4.5 mm wide,
the lower surface puberulent or pubescent, the nerves obscure, the upper
surface glabrous, minutely scabrid, the nerves distinct, close, about 20,
margins thickened and cartilaginous, scabrid; sheaths subglabrous, or
with few to rather many, long, white hairs, especially on the margins.
Panicles exserted, peduncled, subpyramidal, 5 em long or less, the
branches spreading or ascending, slender, glabrous, 2 cm long or less, each
branch with 8 spikelets or less, the pedicels 1 to 3.5 mm long, glabrous.
Spikelets oblong-obovoid, usually dark-purple, sometimes pale, 1.2 to 1.5
mm long. Empty glumes glabrous, obscurely 5- to 7-nerved. First flow-
ering glume elliptic-oblong, rounded, glabrous, sessile, inclosing a 4
flower, the second minutely pedicelled, similar to the first but slightly
smaller, inclosing a 2 flower.

The type of Doctor Hackel’s variety was a rather poor specimen collected in

Mindanao, Mount Apo, DeVore & Hoover 358. Better material has been recently
collected in Negros, Merrill 6977, Canlaon Volcano, on ledges in the Nahalin

_ River, altitude about 1,260 m, and after studying this specimen I have concluded

that the form is not closely allied to /sachne debilis Rendle, but that it is worthy
of specific rank.

Isachne micrantha sp. nov.

Annua, debilis, parva, vix 10 cm alta, caulibus tenuibus, ramosis, gla-

> bd ] 3 | ’ g
bris; foliis oblongis vel oblongo-lanceolatis, circiter 1 em longis, leviter
2 5 3

pilosis, vaginis quam internodia brevioribus ; paniculis depauperatis, stric-

ee

1 — -.

i > i re —
ones

ain 8 “ Leak

NEW OR NOTEWORTHY PHILIPPINE PLANTS, VIII. 169

tis, compressis, paucifloris ; spiculis obovoideis, 1 ad 1.2 mm longis, glumis
sterilibus obscurissime 5-nerviis, subglabris, fertilibus densissime et brev-
iter pubescentibus.

An annual, weak, ascending, loosely tufted plant, 10 cm or less in
height. Stems very slender, glabrous, branched, the lower parts decum-
bent and often rooting at the nodes. Leaves oblong to oblong-lanceolate,
about 1 cm long, often shorter, rarely 1.5 cm in length, 2 to 3.5 mm
wide, the base rather broad, apex acuminate, both surfaces with scattered,
white, rather soft hairs about 1 mm long, the nerves about 10, the margins
minutely scabrid; sheaths shorter than the internodes, less than 1 cm
long, with few, scattered, long, white hairs, especially on the margins;
ligule of few white hairs. Panicles strict, narrow, glabrous, less than 1
em long, the branches few, 4 mm long or less, each with from 1 to 3 or 4
spikelets, apparently never spreading, the pedicels 1 to 2 mm long, gla-
brous. Spikelets obovoid, pale or slightly purplish, 1 to 1.2 mm long,
the empty glumes subglabrous, or at least with only a few scattered hairs
in the upper part, very obscurely 5-nerved or nerveless. Flowering
glumes densely and apparently softly pubescent with short hairs, 1 mm
long, the second very minutely pedicelled; paleas slightly pubescent.

Luzon, Province of Cagayan, Mount Cueva, For. Bur. 16837, 16841 (type)
Curran, March 9, 1909, altitude about 300 m,

A species well characterized by its small size, small leaves, contracted panicles,
and densely pubescent flowering glumes. It is probably more closely allied to
Isachne debilis Rendle, of Formosa, than any other Philippine form at present
known, but seems to be distinguished by its contracted panicles, smaller leaves and
smaller spikelets. Among the Philippine species it is perhaps most closely allied
to Isachne myosotis Nees.

Isachne vulcanica sp. nov.
Densissime caespitosa, perennis, rigida; culmis inferne ramosis, rigi-
dis, vix 10 em altis; foliis rigidis, lanceolatis, acuminatis, 1 ad 2.5 cm

‘longis, 2 ad 5 mm latis, scabridis, margine incrassatis, vaginis quam

internodia longioribus; paniculis oblongis, congestis, 1 ad 2 em longis,
usque ad 1 cm diametro; spiculis atropurpureis vel rariter pallidis, densis-
sime dispositis, 2 mm longis; glumis exterioribus 7-nerviis, subglabris,
fertilibus obscure sparseque pubescentibus.

A densely caespitose, rigid perennial, forming tufts a few centimeters
in diameter or mats which are often 0.5 m in diameter. Culms rigid,
much branched below, not exceeding 10 em in height, often much shorter,
the internodes short. Leaves rigid, lanceolate, acuminate, 1 to 2.5 em
long, 2 to 5 mm wide, the margins thickened, cartilaginous, scabrid, the
upper surface prominently ribbed with about 18 nerves, scabrid, beneath
slightly hispidulous; sheaths exceeding the internodes, imbricate, with
scattered, long white hairs, the marginal hairs more numerous; ligule
of few stiff, white hairs 2 to 3 mm long. Panicles slightly or not at
all exserted, oblong, very dense, purple, 1 to 2 cm long, 0.5 to 1 em in

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170 MERRILL.

diameter, the lower branches often 1 cm long, closely appressed, the
rachis and branches glabrous, the pedicels 0.3 to 1.5 mm long. Spikelets
numerous, ovate to oblong-ovate, 2 mm long, usually dark-purple, some-

‘times greenish. Empty glumes subequal, 7-nerved, glabrous except for

few long hairs on the apical parts. Third glume elliptic-oblong, 1.8
mm long, with very few, obscure, short hairs, the margins obscurely
ciliate, the palea as long as the glume, inclosing a d flower. Fourth
glume similar to the third, slightly shorter, containing a ? flower.

Nearos, Canlaon Voleano, Merrill 6975, April, 1910.

Abundant in the old crater, on bare slopes and on debris washed down from
the new cone, forming dense tufts or mats, altitude 1,800 to 2,100 m, A species
well characterized by its dense panicles, short, rigid, densely caespitose habit,
rigid, crowded leaves, and dark-purple spikelets.

MISCANTHUS Anderss.

Miscanthus depauperatus sp. nov.

Culmis erectis vel suberectis, usque ad 60 cm altis, densissime caes-
pitosis, vix 3 mm diametro; foliis 3 ad 6 mm latis, margine scabridis ;
spiculis purpureis, 6 mm longis; paniculis laxis, racemis paucis, race-
moso-dispositis, solitariis vel inferioribus binis, usque ad 15 cm longis.

A densely caespitose perennial, forming tufts up to 1 m in diameter,
the culms erect or ascending, usually about 40 cm, high, often shorter,
rarely 60 cm in height, simple or very rarely branched, terete, 2 to 2.5
mm in diameter. Leaves numerous, those of the culm up to 30 cm long,
6 mm wide, the basal ones much shorter and usually narrower, scabrid
on the margins, long- and slenderly acuminate; sheaths exceeding the
internodes, the lower ones usually purplish; ligules broad, about 2 mm
long, margins ciliate. Panicles exserted or not, glabrous, the rachis and
branches angled, purple, minutely scabrid on the angles, the rachis always
less than 5 em in length, the branches rather slender, erect or somewhat
spreading, solitary, or the lower ones in pairs, 3 or 4 to about 9 in*
number, 4 to 15 em in length. Spikelets purple, lanceolate, acuminate,
about 6 mm long, the shorter pedicels about 2 mm long, the longer ones
5 to 6 mm long, the involucral hairs slender, about as long as the spike-
lets, usually purplish, unequal in length, numerous. First two glumes
lanceolate, sharply acuminate, equal, about 6 mm long, when spread 2.3
mm wide, purple, shining, glabrous, or the margins with very few ciliate
hairs, the first obscurely 5-nerved, the second obscurely 3-nerved. Third
glume oblong-lanceolate, hyaline, 5 mm long, 2 mm wide, acuminate,
1-nerved, margins slightly ciliate, empty. Fourth glume hyaline, lanceo-
late, acuminate, 4 mm long, 1 mm wide, apex cleft into two slender
teeth and bearing between them a slender, scabrid, twisted awn about 1
em in length. Palea ovate, hyaline, 1 mm long. Lodicules truncate,
about 0.8 mm long. Anthers 3, 2.5 to 3 mm long.

Neoros, Canlaon Voleano, common in open places in the old crater, altitude

Tre ee Fe ee

a
nee
> Se
-_

NEW OR NOTEWORTHY PHILIPPINE PLANTS, VIII. 171

about 1,800 m, ascending the new cone to an altitude of about 2,000 m, Merrill,
April 12, 1910.

This species is manifestly allied to Miscanthus sinensis Andr., differing in
its densely tufted habit of growth, very much smaller size, narrower leaves, rather
lax, depauperate panicle, solitary or at most paired panicle-branches, and larger
spikelets.

SPOROBOLUS R. Br.

Sporobolus virginicus (L.) Kunth Rev. Gram. (1829) 67; Enum. 1. (L833,)
210; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 7 (1897) 247.

Agrostis virginica Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 63.

Luzon, Province of Cagayan, Bur. Sci. 7881 Ramos, April, 1909; also collected
by Loher at Navotas, Province of Rizal, nos. 1785, 1786 in Herb. Kew; Manila,
Merrill, June, 1910.

Not previously reported from the Philippines; widely distributed in tem-
perate and tropical parts of the world.

CYPERACE.
CLADIUM Schrad.

Cladium philippinense sp. nov. § Hucladiwm.

Dense caespitosum, culmis gracilibus, teretibus, usque ad 2 m altis, 2
ad 3 mm diametro; foliis radicalibus nullis, caulinis 2 vel 3, brevibus,
verticaliter compressis, 1 ad 5 cm longis, vix 3 mm latis; inflorescentiis
laxis, 10 ad 15 cm longis, “zigzag”; spiculis brunneis, circiter 2 mm »
longis; fructibus ellipsoideis, teretibus, admodum nitidis, rugosis, apice
truncatis.

A densly caespitose plant from creeping rhizomes, the culms rush-like,
often nearly 2 m high, sometimes shorter, terete, glabrous, 2 to 3 mm
in diameter, their bases covered with several short, imbricated bracts,
leafless except for the 2 or 3 culm leaves which are much reduced or
sometimes represented only by sheaths, or sometimes 5 cm long, always
less than 3 mm wide, vertically compressed, glabrous. Panicles 10 to
15 cm long, interrupted, thyrsoid, lax, both the primary and secondary
rachises strongly zigzag, on the ultimate branches each group of two or
three spikelets subtended by an ovate, keeled, brown, prominently acu-
minate bract about 3 mm long, the basal portion broad, 7- to 9-nerved,
the spikelets sessile or shortly pedicelled, crowded. Spikelets brown,
glabrous, 2 to 2.5 mm long, each bearing a single perfect flower, the glumes
few, about four, ovate to oblong-ovate, somewhat acuminate, keeled, 2
mm long. Nutlet ellipsoid, terete, straw-colored, somewhat shining,
about 1.8 mm long, wrinkled when dry, the base somewhat acute, the
apex minutely puberulent, truncate or rounded ; style filiform, elongated,
the arms three.

Mrnporo, southwest of Lake Naujan, altitude about 120 m, For, Bur. 6724
Merritt, April, 1907 (type). Luzon, Province of Zambales, along streams near

Candelaria, Bur. Sci. 4729 Ramos, December, 1907. PaLAwANn, Mount Victoria,
on rocks at base of waterfall, Bur. Sci. 718 Foaworthy, March, 1906, altitude

172 MERRILL.

about 600 m; Iwahig, in bed of mountain stream, altitude about 300 m, Merrill
758, February, 1903, specimen very young.

This species is probably most closely allied to Cladium riparium Benth., of
Australia, and to the var. erassum (Thwaites) Clarke of India and Ceylon; it is,
apparently, distinct from both forms. Among the Philippine species it is prob-
ably most closely allied to Cladium distichum Clarke but lacks the numerous
imbricated glumes of that species.

Cladium filiforme sp. nov. § Hucladium.

Caespitosum, tenerum, circiter 40 cm altum; foliis angustis, planis,
elongatis, in sicco plus minus plicatis, margine scabridis; paniculis laxis,
angustis, thyrsoideis; spiculis paucis, lanceolatis, brunneis, circiter 5.5
mm longis, 1-floris; fructibus nitidis, ovoideis vel ellipticis, albidis, ses-
silibus, vix rostratis. ; :

A caespitose perennial about 40 cm high, slender. Stems terete, about
1.5 mm in diameter. Leaves mostly basal, slender, about 20 em long,
1.5 mm wide, scabrid, apparently plane when fresh, more or less folded
when dry, the culm leaves two or three, similar to the basal ones. Pani-
cles slender, thyrsoid, comparatively few-flowered, narrow, rather lax.
Spikelets lanceolate, brown, 5 to 6 mm long, their pedicels slender, 2 to
8 mm in length, each group of three or four spikelets subtended by a
setaceous, scabrid, leaf-like bract 1 em long or less. First two glumes
empty, lanceolate-ovate, acuminate, about 3 mm long. Third glume in-
closing a perfect flower, narrowly oblong, acuminate, 3.5 mm long, thicker
than the empty glumes. Stamens three; anthers linear, 2 mm long.
Nutlet ovoid or ellipsoid, white and shining, sessile, not beaked, gla-
brous ; style 5 mm long, divided to the middle into three arms. Fourth
glume similar to the third, empty, the fifth smaller and thinner, also
empty.

PALAWAN, Mount Victoria, Bur. Sci. 717 Foxworthy, March 24, 1906, on rocks
at base of a waterfall, altitude about 600 m.

A species characterized by its slender habit, slender leaves and panicles, some-
what resembling Cladium uwndulatum Thwaites but smaller ‘and with no traces of

hypogynous bristles.
SCIRPUS Linn.

Scirpus lacustris Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 48; Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind.
6 (1893) 658.

Luzon, Province of Cagayan, Buguey, For. Bur. 17290 Curran, March, 1909,
a common and conspicuous plant in lagoons back of the town.

Frequent in fresh water nearly throughout the world, except South America
and Malaya. Not previously reported from the Philippines.

XYRIDACEZE.
XYRIS Linn.

Xyris anceps Lam. Ill. 1 (1791) 132; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 6 (1892) 364.
Luzon, Province of Isabela, Carig, Bur. Sci. 8065 Ramos, May, 1909. Srme-
RARA, Merrill 4151, June, 1905.

NEW OR NOTEWORTHY PHILIPPINE PLANTS, VIII. 173

Not previously reported from the Philippines, and the second species definitely
known to occur in the Archipelago; India to Burma, the Malay Peninsula and
Archipelago.

LILIACEA.

SMILAX Linn.
Smilax verruculosa sp. nov. § Husmilax.
Species 8S. bracteatae Pres! valde affinis, differt ramis ramulisque dense
verruculosis et spinis plus minus numerosis armatis.
Scandent, the branches and branchlets yellowish or brownish, rather

‘slender, terete, or the latter slightly sulcate, densely verruculose and with

numerous, straight or slightly curved, sharp spines 1 to 3 mm long.
Leaves broadly ovate to elliptic-ovate, coriaceous, shining, 6 to 10 cm
long, 4 to 7 em wide, the base rounded or acute, the apex shortly and
abruptly apiculate-acuminate, the acumen thickened; nerves 5, the outer
pair faint, submarginal, the inner three stout, prominent, the inner pair
leaving the middle one just above the base, the reticulations lax,
prominent; petioles about 1 cm long, the lower half inflated, somewhat
clasping the stem, some tendril-bearing at about the middle, others simply
auriculate. Inflorescence axillary, solitary, the rachis emerging from
between two, ovate, coriaceous, 4 to 5 mm long bracts, each inflorescence
consisting of from 1 to 4 racemosely disposed, peduncled umbels, the
peduncles to the umbels subtended by small bracts, solitary. Flowers
10 to 20 in each umbel, 3.5 to 4 mm long, the perianth-segments reflexed.
Ovary-cells 1-ovuled. Fruit ovoid, about 3.5 long, 1-seeded.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Baguio, Topping 13 (type), Elmer 5820, 8572,
Williams 1046, Bur. Sci. 2810, 3378 Mearns, For. Bur. 15617 Curran.

Most of the above specimens have been distributed as Smilaw bracteata Presl,
from which the present species is at once distinguished by its densely verruculose
and more or less spiny branches and branchlets. The terminal undeveloped bud is
sometimes present on the racemes, but more often absent, or developed into an
umbel.

Smilax williamsii sp. nov. § Husmilaa.

Frutex alte scandens, ramis ramulisque teretibus vel leviter striatis,

_ verruculosis, vix spinosis ; foliis amplis, late elliptico-ovatis, chartaceis vel

subcoriaceis, basi acutis vel subcordato-rotundatis, apice abrupte apiculatis,
nervis 5 vel 7; inflorescentiis axillaribus, solitariis, umbellis 1 vel 2,
racemoso-dispositis.

A scandent shrub, the branches and branchlets terete, or slightly
striate, pale-brown, densely verruculose, not spiny. Leaves alternate,
ample, broadly elliptic-ovate, chartaceous or subcoriaceous, 9 to 15 cm
long, 5 to 11 em wide, shining, base acute or subcordate-rounded, the
apex shortly and abruptly apiculate; primary nerves 5, basal, prominent,
with an additional pair of fainter submarginal nerves, the reticulations
distinct; petiole 1.5 to 2 em long, the lower half inflated, clasping the
stem, auriculate or tendril-bearing at about the middle, curved. Racemes

re
*

eae) eer ee eee ee ee a ee ee

174 MERRILL.

axillary, solitary, the rachis emerging from between the petiole and an
ovate, coriaceous, 5 to 7 mm long bract, the umbels 1 or 2, the terminal
bud wanting, the peduncles to the umbels solitary, subtended by bracts,
slender, 2.5 cm long. Staminate flowers 20 to 25 in each umbel, about
? mm long, the perianth segments reflexed; stamens 6. Fruit globose,
much wrinkled when dry, with from 1 to 3, more or less compressed, 4
mm long seeds.

MINDANAO, Lake Lanao, Mrs. Clemens 751, near streams, September, 1906:
District of Davao, Williams 2519, March, 1905 (type).

A species manifestly allied to Smilax bracteata Presl, but distinguished at once
by its verruculose, but not spiny stems, larger leaves with more numerous veins,
and larger flowers.

ULMACEZE.
CELTIS Linn.

Celtis crenato-serrata sp. nov.

Arbor circiter 30 m alta, glabra, vel ramulis ultimis parce pubes-
centibus; foliis subcoriaceis, ovatis vel elliptico-ovatis, acuminatis, basi
rotundatis, leviter inaequilateralibus, 3-nerviis, margine in tertia inferiore
parte integris, supra valde crenato-serratis ; fructibus ovatis, leviter com-
pressis, circiter 1 cm longis.

A glabrous tree about 30 m high. Branches slender, terete, reddish-
brown, distinctly lenticellate with small lenticels, the ultimate branchlets
slightly pubescent. Leaves ovate to elliptic-ovate, 7 to 10 cm long, 3
to 5 cm wide, subcoriaceous, slightly shining, of the same color on both
surfaces or slightly paler beneath, the base broad, somewhat inequilateral,
rounded on one side of the midrib, subacute on the other side, the apex
prominently acuminate, the acumen 1 to 1.5 cm long, apiculate, the
margins in the lower one-third entire, above prominently crenate-serrate ;
basal nerves three, prominent, the two lateral ones extending nearly to
the apex and above somewhat looped at the anastomoses of the lateral
veins, the lateral ones slender, horizontal, about 10 to 12 on each side
of the midrib, the reticulations lax, indistinct; petioles 5 to 7 mm long.
Flowers unknown. Fruits ovate, slightly compressed, about 1 cm long,
the pericarp thin, fleshy.

Luzon, Province of Bataan, Duale, lor. Bur. 20043 Topacio, October 2, 1909,

in forests along streams, altitude about 100 m, locally known as malabatulan.
A species well characterized by its prominently crenate-serrate leaves.

ARISTOLOCHIACEZ.
ARISTOLOCHIA Linn.
Aristolochia macgregorii sp. nov. § Diplolobus.

Foliis subtus ad costam, ramulis inflorescentiis petiolisque plus minus
breviter hirsuto-pubescentibus; foliis chartaceis, oblongis, basi subsagit-
tato-cordatis, apice breviter acute acuminatis, petiolo vix 5 mm longo;
racemis axillaribus, solitariis, floribus circiter 4 cm longis.

\

NEW OR NOTEWORTHY PHILIPPINE PLANTS, VIII. 175

Apparently scandent. Branches terete, grayish, slightly striate, slightly
zigzag, the leaf-bearing branchlets more or less densely pubescent with
short brownish hairs. Leaves oblong, 11 to 17 cm long, 4.5 to 6.5 em
wide, chartaceous, shining when dry, above entirely glabrous, beneath
somewhat hirsute-pubescent with short hairs on the midrib and primary
nerves, the apex shortly and sharply acuminate or merely acute, the base
sagittate-cordate, the auricles broad, rounded, the sinus somewhat obtuse,
about 1 cm deep, the auricles somewhat surrounding the stems but free
from them; basal nerves two or three pairs, the lower pair or pairs short,
the upper pair reaching to about the middle of the leaf, the primary
nerves above the basal ones 3 or 4 on each side of the midrib, anasto-
mosing, the reticulations lax; petioles pubescent, less than 5 mm long.
Inflorescence axillary, solitary, simply racemose, the rachis 1 to 1.5 cm
long, pubescent, the pedicels about 3 mm in length, each opposed by an
ovate-lanceolate, acuminate bract, the lower ones 6 mm long, the upper
gradually shorter. Flowers 4 cm long, the basal 4 mm ovoid, narrowed
and tubular above, the tube about 16 mm long, 2 to 2.5 mm in diameter,
the upper portion expanded, the lip pubescent, lanceolate, acuminate,
about 2 cm long, 3 mm wide. Column very obscurely lobed. Anthers
6,1 mm long. Fruit (immature) obovoid, 1.5 em long.

BaBUYANES ISLANDS, Dalupiri, Bur. Sci. 10656 McGregor, August 20, 1909.

A species manifestly allied to Aristolochia tagala Cham., but at once distin-
guished by its differently shaped leaves, which are pubescent on the nerves beneath,
very short petioles, dense racemes, and quite different flowers.

CHENOPODIACE,
CHENOPODIUM Lint,

Chenopodium polyspermum Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 220.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Baguio, Leon Guerrero, March, 1910.

In waste places, apparently of recent introduction; a widely dispersed European
weed, introduced and now widely distributed in eastern North America,

NYCTAGINACEAE.
PISONIA Linn.

Pisonia gammillii sp. nov.

Arbor glabra, inflorescentiis exceptis, circiter 10 m alta; foliis oblongo-
ellipticis, in sicco chartaceis, nitidis, breviter acuminatis; basi inaequi-
lateralibus, acuminatis, usque ad 20 cm longis; inflorescentiis laxis, ter-
minalibus axillaribusque; floribus hermaphroditis; staminibus 12 vel 13,
breviter exsertis.

_ A glabrous tree, except the inflorescence, unarmed, about 10 m high,
the trunk 40 cm in diameter. Leaves mostly opposite, oblong-elliptic,
ample, 17 to 20 em long, 8 to 10.5 cm wide, when dry chartaceous and
somewhat shining, apparently somewhat fleshy when fresh, entire, the
apex shortly acuminate, the base acuminate-decurrent, inequilateral ;

176 MERRILL.

lateral nerves 8 or 9 on each side of the midrib, distant, rather distinct,
anastomosing, the reticulations obsolete; petioles 1 to 2 cm long. In-
florescence axillary and terminal, the branches and branchlets umbellately
arranged, ample, lax, nearly as long as the leaves, the axillary peduncles
1 or 2, the terminal ones about 5, the younger parts ferruginous-pubes-
cent, the peduncles 9 to 11 cm long, with or without a single node;
primary branches umbellately disposed, 4 or 5, 1.5 to 3 em long, spread-
ing, each bearing from 2 to 5 umbellately disposed secondary branches
6 to 12 mm in length. Flowers white, fragrant, 2 to 6 at the tips of
the ultimate branchlets, the perianth 6 to 7 mm long, the pedicels 2 to 3
mm long, puberulent. Perianth urceolate, the throat up to 5 mm in
diameter, the lobes 5, spreading or somewhat reflexed, 2 to 2.5 mm
broad, about 1 mm long, apiculate. Ovary and style about 5 mm long;
stigma fimbriate, about 2 mm in diameter. Stamens 12 or 13; filaments
slender, glabrous, somewhat united below, unequal, 4 to 6 mm long, some-
what exserted ; anthers 0.8 mm. long. Fruit unknown.

GuIMARAS, Nagaba, For. Bur. 288 Gammill, February 22, 1904, in upland
valleys, altitude about 50 m, locally known as anuring. ‘

A species well characterized by its ample leaves and very lax inflorescence. Its
flowers are apparently all hermaphrodite. Manifestly allied to Pisonia wm bellifera

(Forst.) Seem. (P. excelsa Bl.), but with more numerous stamens, larger flowers,
and quite different inflorescence.

MAGNOLIACE.
KADSURA Juss.

Kadsura paucidenticulata sp. nov.

Frutex scandens, glaber® foliis ellipticis vel anguste obovato-ellipticis,
acuminatis, chartaceis; floribus masculinis terminalibus, solitariis, cirei-
ter 2 cm diametro, pedicellis ebracteolatis, sepalis petalisque vix vel
obscure puncticulatis.

A scandent glabrous shrub. Branches terete, with scattered large lenti-
cels, dark-colored when dry. Leaves mostly on short lateral branchlets,
elliptic or narrowly obovate-elliptic, chartaceous, 4 to 7 cm long, 2.5 to
3.5 cm wide, minutely glandular-puncticulate, somewhat shining, the
apex abruptly short-acuminate, the base acute, the margins in the upper
half with few, scattered, small teeth; lateral nerves 5 to Y on each side
of the midrib, not prominent, not much more distinct than are the
primary reticulations; petioles 0.4 to 0.7 mm long. Staminate flowers
solitary, about 2 cm in diameter, terminating the stems and the short
lateral branches, the pedicels about 12 mm long, ebracteolate. Sepals
about 5, ovate to elliptic-ovate, obtuse or rounded, the outermost one
3 mm long and 2 mm wide, the inner ones gradually larger, the largest
about 8 mm long, 6 mm wide, very obscurely or not glandular-punctate,
margins minutely ciliate. Petals about 7, the outer four narrowly obovate

NEW OR NOTEWORTHY PHILIPPINE PLANTS, VIII. 177

or oblong-obovate, thick, 10 mm long, 6 mm wide, broad and rounded at
the apex, the margins glabrous, the inner three similar but smaller, 8
mm long or less. Stamens many, united into a rather dense, depressed-
globose head, the connectives very broad, the anthers 0.8 mm long.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Pauai, Bur. Sci. 8498 McGregor, June, 1909, alti-
tude about 2,100 m.

A species allied to Kadsura philippinensis Elmer, differing especially in its
terminal, comparatively short-pedicelled flowers and other minor characters.

Kadsura macgregorii sp. noy.

Species praecedenti simillima et ut videtur valde affinis, sed differt
floribus masculinis axillaribus, breviter pedicellatis, pedicellis basi bract-
eolis imbricatis praeditis.

Scandent, glabrous, the branches dark-colored, lenticellate. Leaves
similar in shape and size to those of the preceding species, membran-
aceous, rather densely and minutely glandular-punctate, the margins in
the upper half with scattered, small teeth. Staminate flowers solitary,
in the axils of leaves or of fallen leaves, their pedicels about 5 mm long,
each subtended by several, densely imbricated, brown bracteoles about 1
mm long and longer than wide, and with a similar one at about the
middle of the pedicel. Sepals about 5, orbicular or broadly orbicular-
ovate, minutely and densely glandular-punctate, rounded, the outer one
about 2 mm long, the inner gradually larger, the innermost about 8 mm
long, their margins minutely ciliate. Petals about 5, somewhat larger
than the inher sepals, distinctly and densely glandular-punctate. Sta-
mens united in a globose mass, the connectives very broad.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Pauai, Bur. Sci, 8340, McGregor, June, 1909,
altitude about 2,100 m.

A species in general appearance quite similar to Kadsura paucidenticulata,
but at once distinguished by its axillary, short-pedicelled staminate flowers, and
by its pedicels subtended by several, small, imbricated bracts. It is apparently
more closely allied to Kadsura philippinensis Elmer, than is the preceding

species, judging from the attachment of the flowers, but its short-pedicelled
flowers and denticulate leaves are sufficient to distinguish the two species.

SAXIFRAGACEE.
CURRANIODENDRON gen. nov.

Genus Dedeae Baill. valde affine, sed differt floribus 4-meris, ovulis
numerosis, usque ad 16.

Curraniodendron dedeaeoides sp. nov.

Arbuscula glabra, dioica, 2 ad 3 m alta, ramulis foliisque junioribus
plus minus resinosis ; foliis alternis, oblongis vel oblongo-ellipticis, leviter
acuminatis, chartaceis vel subcoriaceis, nitidis, subtus plus minus nigro-
glandulosis; racemis axillaribus, solitariis, floribus femineis parvis, 4-
meris.

wg ee te i ee le ee tao —~—s eS e e , e R 2 “aie i -, Ghee Liter e ee! eee ee oe Oe eee
. . \
4 ee

178 : MERRILL.

A glabrous dioecious shrub 2 to 3 m high, glabrous, the young branches
and leaves more or less resinous, shining. Branches terete, slender,
dark-colored and longitudinally striate when dry, with scattered lenticels,
the young branchlets somewhat compressed and angular. Leaves alter-
nate, oblong to oblong-elliptic, chartaceous or subcoriaceous, 6 to 11 cm
long, 2 to 3.2 cm wide, entire, the apex shortly and not prominently
acuminate, the base acute or somewhat decurrent-acuminate, shining,
somewhat paler beneath when dry, and at least the older leaves with
numerous, small, black glands on the under surface at the intersections
of the ultimate reticulations; primary lateral nerves about 12 on each
side of the midrib, not prominent, spreading, obscurely anastomosing,
the secondary alternating ones often nearly as prominent, the ultimate
reticulations rather dense, fine, the basal pair of nerves ascending, anas-
tomosing with the other lateral nerves shortly above the base of the leaf;
petioles 1 to 2 cm long; stipules none. Racemes axillary, solitary, 5 to
7 cm long, more or less resinous, as are the buds and young flowers.
Pistillate flowers alternate, 4-merous, whitish, rather scattered, solitary
or sometimes two in the axil of each bracteole, the bracteoles oblong-
ovate, about 1.5 mm long, 1 mm wide, deciduous, the pedicels 2 to 3
} ~ mm long. Calyx-tube funnel-shaped, about 2 mm long and wide, bear-
ing four broadly triangular-ovate, 0.5 mm long lobes. Petals 4, alter-

nating with the calyx-lobes, oblong-ovate, obtuse, about 2 mm long, 1.3
; mm wide, attached by a broad base, spreading or reflexed, in bud dis-
tinctly imbricate. Imperfect stamens 4, alternating with the petals, the
filaments about 1 mm long; anthers 0.8 mm long, oblong-ovate, basifixed,
bearing no pollen. Ovary half inferior, the free portion broadly conical,
3 somewhat sulcate, glabrous, 1-celled, with 4 or 3 prominent parietal
: placentae; ovules 16 or 12, attached to the introflexed margins of the
| placentae, ascending, imbricate; styles 4 or 3, entirely connate into a
me sulcate, 1 mm long column, bearing 4 or 3 minutely papillate, depressed-

hemispheric stigmas. Staminate flowers and fruits unknown.

oe

Necros, Mount Marapara, For. Bur, 13634 Curran & Foxworthy, September 8,
1909, in the mossy forest of the summit, altitude about 1,300 m.

This proposed new genus is manifestly closely allied to Dedea Baill., a genus
of two or possibly three species confined to New Caledonia. It differs from that
genus in its 4-merous flowers and in its more numerous ovules, as well as in
some other minor characters. .It agrees with it not only in gross characters
and general appearance, but especially in its 1-celled ovary, which is unusual in the
family.

We are fortunate in having in this herbarium cotypes of the three species of
Dedea proposed by Baillon, and the present species in facies is very similar to
D. minor Baill., and D. media Baill. Distinguishing characters that at once
strike the eye are the somewhat resinous younger parts of the Philippine plant
and its older leaves distinctly glandular beneath with numerous, small, black
glands, while all of Baillon’s species are prominently lepidote, this character
being absent in the form above described. In general appearance, however,
Curraniodendron dedeaeoides is exceedingly similar to Dedea minor and D. media;

eee, ae SS akg Oe es

a a, ee Te

LS eC

ime a a i

NEW OR NOTEWORTHY PHILIPPINE PLANTS, VIII. 179

an examination of the pistillate flowers, however, shows sufficiently important
differential characters to warrant the characterization of the Philippine plant
as a distinct genus.

PITTOSPORACEZ.
PITTOSPORUM Banks.

Pittosporum littorale sp. nov.

Arbor glabra usque ad 6 m alta; foliis anguste oblongo-obovatis, sub-
coriaceis, apice rotundatis, basi angustatis, decurrento-acuminatis vel
acutis; fructibus aurantiacis, ovoideis, circiter 2 cm longis, 2-valvatis,
apiculatis, in sicco rugosis; seminibus circiter 20, nigris.

A glabrous tree about 6 m high. Branches terete, light-gray, smooth.
Leaves somewhat crowded toward the apices of the branchlets, subcoria-
ceous, narrowly oblong-obovate, 9 to 17 cm long, 3 to 5 em wide, when
dry somewhat shining, paler beneath, the apex rounded, broad, rarely
somewhat acute, the base gradually narrowed, acute or decurrent-acum-
inate, the margins often somewhat recurved; nerves about 15 on each
side of the midrib, not prominent; petioles 2 to 2.5 cm long. Flowers
unknown. Fruiting racemes 2 to 3 cm long, in the upper axils. Fruits
ovoid, about 2 cm long, 2-valved, valves ultimately recurved, orange-yellow
when fresh, wrinkled when dry, the pericarp rather thick. Seeds about
20, black, shining.

Minvoro, For, Bur. 9845 Merritt, March, 1908, along the seashore. S1quivor,
For. Bur. 16999 Everett, December, 1907, rocky point at Liloan, locally known
as ticala.

A species quite different from any of the other Philippine form, readily
distinguishable by the shape of its leaves.

Pittosporum megacarpum sp. nov.

Arbor vel arbuscula glabra, usque ad 8 m alta, ramis pallide griseis,
teretibus; foliis chartaceis, oblongo-ellipticis vel obovato-ellipticis, basi
acutis, apice abrupte acuminatis; nervis utrinque 8 ad 10, subtus pro-
minentibus; fructibus ovoideis, in sicco valde rugosis, 4 cm longis.

A shrub or tree 3 to 8 m high, glabrous throughout. Branches terete,
light-gray. Leaves chartaceous, oblong-elliptic to obovate-elliptic, 10 to
18 cm long, 4 to 7 em wide, shining when dry, the apex abruptly and
sharply acuminate, the acumen 1 cm long or less, the base acute; nerves
8 to 10 on each side of the midrib, prominent beneath, impressed on
the upper surface, anastomosing; petioles 1 to 2 cm long. Flowers un-
known. Fruits ovoid, 2-valved, yellow, densely wrinkled when dry, about
4 cm long, shortly apiculate, the pericarp thick. Seeds many, irregular,
about 6 mm long, black, minutely wrinkled when dry.

MassateE, Bulo River, For. Bur. 12557 Rosenbluth, January, 1909. MINpDoRo,
Balete River, For. Bur. 5892 Merritt, October, 1906.

A species with larger fruits than any other known Philippine form. Among
our species most closely allied to Pittosporwm odoratum Merr.

2 Ne ee. Se ne ee Ey

. so

:
:
;
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3

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180 MERRILL.

Pittosporum ramosii sp. nov.

Arbuscula vel arbor glabra, 3 ad 6 m alta; foliis elliptico-ovatis vel
oblongo-ovatis, usque ad 6 cm longis, utrinque acuminatis, nervis tenui-
bus, vix distinctis; fructibus lateralibus, ovoideis, apiculatis, 1 ad 1.2
em longis, 2-valvatis.

A shrub or tree 3 to 6 m high, glabrous. Branches terete, dark-gray
or brownish. Leaves somewhat crowded at the apices of the branchlets,

- subcoriaceous, shining when dry, elliptic-ovate to oblong-ovate, 4 to 6

~

em long, 2 to 2.5 cm wide, the apex sharply subcaudate-acuminate, the
base decurrent-acuminate; nerves about 8 on each side of the midrib,
slender, indistinct, the reticulations fine, close; petioles slender, about 1
em long. Flowers unknown. Fruit from the branches below the leaves,
axillary, solitary (the inflorescence apparently a short raceme), 2-valved,
ovoid, smooth, yellow, apiculate, 1 to 1.2 em long, the peduncles about
1 cm long; seeds few, 10 or less, black, shining, about 3 mm long.
Luzon, District of Lepanto, Balbalasan, For. Bur. 5683 Klemme, altitude 1,500 m:
Province of Abra, Mount Bawagan, Bur. Sci. 7211 Ramos (type), February, 1909.
The fruits are very oily and with a strong odor of turpentine. _ Those that
have been in the herbarium three years, when opened, were still wet with the
aromatic oil characteristic of the genus. Similar in some respects to P. pen-
tandrum Merr., but distinguished by its lateral inflorescence and by its leaves.

Pittosporum ramiflorum Zoll. ex Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. 12 (1858) 122.

Glyaspermum ramiflorum Zoll. & Mor. in Nat. Gen. Arch. Neerl. Ind. 2
(1845) 11,

Pittosporum clementis Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 3 (1908) Bot. 137.

Additional study of the type material of Pittosporum clementis and comparison
of the same with Javan material representing Pittosporum ramiflorum Zoll. has
convinced me that the two species are identical and that P. clementis should be
reduced to Zollinger’s species. It is known from Java, Amboina, Celebes, Min-
danao, and Negros (Canlaon Voleano, Phil. Pl. 228 Merrill, April, 1910). The
name Pittosporum ramiflorum Zoll. is not listed in Index Kewensis or in any of
the supplements of that work.

ROSACEZ.
PRUNUS Linn.
Prunus junghuhnianus Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. 1* (1855) 366.

PALAWAN, Mount Victoria, Bur. Sci. 731 Fowworthy, March 24, 1906, in stream
depressions, altitude about 250 m.

The specimen agrees well with Miquel’s description, except that the racemes
are nearly or quite glabrous, and also agrees perfectly in twig and leaf characters
with sterile material received under the above name from Java.

New to the Philippines; previously definitely recorded only from Java.

RUTACEAE.
CLAUSENA Burm.
Clausena worcesteri sp. nov.
Arbor vel arbuscula glabra; foliis alternis, foliolis 2—3-jugatis, ovatis,
nitidis, apice abrupte obtuse acuminatis; paniculis terminalibus, pauci-

NEW OR NOTEWORTHY PHILIPPINE PLANTS, VIII. 181

floris, corymbosis; floribus 5-meris, petalis basi acutis; fructibus junior-
ibus manifeste stipitatis.

An erect shrub or small tree glabrous throughout. Branches slender,
terete, shining, nearly black when dry. Leaves simply pinnate, less than
20 cm long, 2- or 3-jugate, the petiole and rachis terete, slender. Leaflets
ovate, firmly chartaceous, shining 5 to 7 em long, 2.5 to 4 em wide, entire,
the base acute or rounded, sometimes inequilateral, apex rather prom-
inently acuminate, acumen blunt or retuse, prominently glandular-punc-
tate: nerves about 5 on each side of the midrib, distant, anastomosing,
the reticulations lax; petiolules 3 to 5 mm long. Panicles terminal,
comparatively few-flowered, corymbose or subcorymbose, the branches few.
Flowers 5-merous, white. Sepals broadly ovate, acute or obtuse, about
1mm long. Petals 5, oblong-oblanceolate or oblanceolate, 5 to 5.5 mm
long, 1.5 mm wide, the apex acute or slightly acuminate, narrowed below
to the acute base, imbricate, somewhat coherent in the upper part. Sta-
mens 10, the longer filaments 4 mm in length, abruptly narrowed from
1 mm below the anther, the alternating shorter filaments 3 mm long,
abruptly narrowed just below the anther; anthers 1 mm long. Ovary
oblong, cylindric, glabrous, about 2 mm long, 5-celled; styles thick, 2
mm long, slightly sulcate. Young fruits ovoid or ellipsoid, with a
distinct, stout, 1 mm long stipe.

Luzon, Province of Cagayan, Apiao, near Tauit, Bur. Sci. 10743 Worcester,
August, 1909.

This species is distinguished from all known Philippine forms by being quite
glabrous, It is well characterized by its few leaflets, corymbose or subcorymbose,
few-flowered panicles, its cylindric, glabrous ovary, and stipitate fruits. It is
named in honor of its collector, Hon. Dean C, Worcester, Secretary of the Interior
of the Philippine Government. When fresh the leaves are very aromatic.

Sterile material of what is manifestly the same species has been collected at
the Mission River and on Mount Aluntang, both in the Province of Cagayan,
For. Bur, 17165, 17347 Curran. Mr, Curran notes that the plant is used by the
Negritos for ornamental purposes and for its odor.

Clausena mollis sp. noy.

Arbuscula circiter 5 m alta, omnibus partibus plus minus dense mol-
liter pubescens ; foliis 20 ad 30 em longis, foliolis alternis vel subalternis,
5 ad 8 utrinque, integris, valde inaequilateralibus ; paniculis terminalibus,
anguste pyramidatis, floribus 5-meris, sessilibus vel subsessilibus, subglom-
eratis; fructibus globosis, albidis vel albido-viridibus, 1-spermis.

A slender shrub. about } m high. Branches and branchlets terete,
grayish or brownish, the younger ones often greenish, and with the
petioles densely and softly pubescent with short spreading hairs. Leaves
alternate, 20 to 30 cm long, the leaflets alternate 5 to 8 on each side of
the pubescent rachis, chartaceous, somewhat shining, rather pale when
dry, oblong-ovate, entire, 5 to 9 em long, 2.5 to 3.5 em wide, the base
rounded or acute, strongly inequilateral, the apex shortly acuminate or
nearly blunt, prominently glandular-punctate, both surfaces softly pubes-

Pea

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182 MERRILL.

cent, especially on the nerves, or the upper surface pubescent only on
the midrib; nerves about 8 on each side of the midrib; petiolules densely
pubescent, about 2 mm long. Panicles terminal, narrowly pyramidal,
about 20 em long, the rachis, branches and branchlets densely and softly
pubescent with pale spreading hairs, the lower branches 7 cm long or
less, the upper ones gradually shorter, spreading or ascending. Flowers
5-merous, sessile or shortly pedicelled, subglomerate on the ultimate
branchlets, the buds globose or obovoid. Sepals broadly ovate, 1.2 mm
long, free, densely pubescent outside. Petals elliptic or broadly elliptic-
oblong, concave, about 4 mm long, 2.5 mm wide, acute at both ends,
imbricate, with few, rather large glands, the back in the upper third
slightly ‘pubescent. Stamens 10, the filaments broad, abruptly narrowed
just below the insertion of the anthers, about 1 mm long; anthers 2 mm
long. Ovary ovoid or ellipsoid, about 1.5 mm long, glabrous, prominently
5-suleate, 5-celled, each cell with two superimposed ovules; style 1 mm
long and thick, 5-suleate. Fruit globose, white or greenish-white, 6 to
7 mm in diameter, the pericarp rather thick, glandular-punctate, con-
taining a single somewhat compressed seed about 5 mm in diameter,
surrounded by a gelatinous pulp, with a strong odor and taste of pine
pitch; cotyledons flat, plano-convex.

Luzon, District of Bontoe, near Bontoc, For. Bur. 16530 Curran (type), Jan-
uary 21, 1909, altitude above 1,000 m: Province of Benguet, Twin Peaks, Elmer
6352, May, 1904. Bur. Sci. 7863 Ramos from Cagayan Province, Luzon, with
immature fruits, is possibly referable here, while a specimen from Zamboanga,
Mindanao, Hallier s. n., has much the facies of the present species, but has

4-merous flowers and 2-seeded fruits. Clausena mollis is well characterized by its
soft, rather dense pubescence.

MELICOPE Forst.

Melicope densiflora sp. nov.

Arbuscula glabra 3 ad 5 m alta; foliis trifoliolatis, foliolis chartaceis ~

vel submembranaceis, oblongo-obovatis, apice late breviter acuminatis,

‘acuminibus retusis, nervis utrinque circiter 8; inflorescentiis axillaribus,

petiolo aequalibus vel longioribus; floribus 4-meris, filamentis pilosis.
A shrub 3 to 5 m high, glabrous throughout. Branches terete, light-
gray, the branchlets pale-reddish-brown, rather stout. Leaves 3-foliolate,
opposite, their petioles 2 to 5 em long; leaflets oblong-obovate to elliptic-
obovate, chartaceous or submaembranaceous, somewhat shining, 7 to 11
em long, 3 to 5 em wide, the apex shortlysand broadly acuminate, the
acumen retuse, narrowed from about the middle to the cuneate base, the
terminal leaflet equilateral, the lateral ones somewhat inequilateral ;
petioles 3 to 10 mm long; lateral nerves about 8 on each side of the
midrib, anastomosing, the secondary ones often nearly as prominent.
Inflorescence axillary, solitary, 5 to 6 cm long, narrowly pyramidal, the
lower branches often 3.5 cm in length, rather densely flowered. Stamin-

NEW OR NOTEWORTHY PHILIPPINE PLANTS, VIII. 183

ate flowers somewhat fascicled on the ultimate branchlets, their pedicels
1.5 to 2 mm long, glabrous. Sepals 4, ovate, acute, 0.8 mm_ long.
Petals 4, oblong, 3 mm long, 1 to 1.3 mm wide, thin, obtuse, the apex
appendiculate inside. Stamens 8, the filaments rather densely clothed
with spreading hairs in the lower half, the longer four 3 mm, the shorter
four 2 mm in length; anthers 0.8 mm long. Pistillate flowers similar
to the staminate ones, the staminodes slightly pubescent. Ovary ovoid,
glabrous, 1.2 mm long, glabrous, deeply longitudinally 4-sulcate, 4-celled,
each cell 2-ovuled; style very short (less than 0.5 mm) ; stigma radiately
4-lobed.

BATANES ISLANDS, Batan, Santo Domingo de Basco, Bur. Sci, 3235 Mearns,
Bur. Sci. 3608 Fénia, Bur. Sci. 10682 McGregor, locally known as idacacayo:
Sabtan, Bur. Sci. 10676 McGregor.

Some of these Specimens were previously referred by me* to Melicope luzonensis
Engl., but they are sufficiently distinct to warrant description as a separate
species. M. densiflora is distinguished from M. luzonensis Engl. by its differently
shaped and fewer nerved leaves, its dense inflorescence, and especially by its pilose
filaments and staminodes. Bur. Sci. 3215 Mearns is possibly referable here, but
its filaments seem to be quite glabrous.

EVODIA Forst.

Evodia acuminata sp. nov.

Arbor inflorescentiis exceptis glabra, circiter 10 m alta; foliis trifo-
liolatis vel aliis unifoliatis, foliolis subcoriaceis, oblongo-obovatis, nitidis,
basi acuminatis, apice abrupte subcaudato-acuminatis, acuminibus circiter
1 cm longis; inflorescentiis axillaribus, pedunculatis, 6 ad 8 cm longts ;
floribus 4-meris, sepalis petalisque glanduloso-punctatis. ,

A tree about 10 m high, glabrous except the inflorescence, the ultimate
branchlets, petioles and under surfaces of the leaves distinctly glandular-
punctate, the branches terete, smooth, pale-brownish, the ultimate branch-
lets somewhat compressed. Leaves opposite, the petioles 6 to 9 cm long,
or those of unifoliolate leaves only about 2 cm long; leaflets usually
three, sometimes solitary, oblong-obovate, subcoriaceous, shining, paler
beneath, 9 to 14 cm long, 4 to 6 em wide, entire, the apex broad,
abruptly subcaudate-acuiminate, the acumen about: 1 cm long, the base
decurrent-acuminate, the lateral leaflets somewhat inequilateral ; petio-
lules 0.5 to 1.5 em long; primary lateral nerves 8 or 9 on each side of
the midrib, distant, irregular, anastomosing, the secondary ones often
nearly “as prominent. Cymes axillary, peduncled, the peduncles 3.5 to
5 em long, solitary, glabrous, each cyme about 3 cm wide, the branches
and branchlets cinerous-puberulent. Flowers white, somewhat crowded,
their pedicels 3 to 4 mm long, puberulent, each subtended by two or
three, ovate, 1 mm long bracteoles. Sepals 4, orbicular, imbricate, about
3 mm in diameter, rounded, glandular-punctate, margins minutely ciliate.

‘This Journal 3 (1908) Botany 411.
95948———_2

'
‘

184 MERRILL.

Petals 4, oblong or oblong-ovate, about 5 mm long, 2.2 to 2.5 mm wide,
apex acute, minutely appendaged inside. Stamens 4, the filaments stout,
2 mm long, bearing imperfect, oblong, 1 mm long anthers. Ovary pubes-
cent, deeply 4-lobed, 4-celled, each cell 2-ovuled; style stout, 3 mm long,
pubescent; stigma subcapitate. Staminate flowers and fruits unknown.

Luzon, Province of Sorsogon, Sorsogon, For. Bur. 10520 Curran, June 10, 1908,
near abaca (Musa tewtilis) plantations, altitude about 200 m.

A species well characterized by its abruptly acuminate leaflets, 3-foliolate and
1-foliolate leaves occurring on the same branches, its rather small, rather long-
peduncled cymes, and comparatively large flowers. It is apparently as closely

allied to EHvodia glabra Bl., as to any other species, but is quite different
from that. }

MELIACEZ.
AGLAIA Lour.

Aglaia lanceolata sp. nov. § Huaglaia.

Arbor parva vel arbuscula, ramulis foliis junioribus inflorescentiisque
densissime brunneo-lepidotis; foliis alternis, imparipinnatis, foliolis 7%
ad 11, anguste lanceolatis, membranaceis vel chartaceis, apice sensim
acuminatis, basi inaequilateralibus, acutis vel acuminatis, in sicco pallidis,
nitidis, utrinque praesertim subtus plus minus brunneo-lepidotis; pani-
culis axillaribus terminalibusque, foliis subaequalibus vel brevioribus,
diffusis, multifloris ; floribus minutis, 5-meris, racemose dispositis, breviter
pedicellatis, tubo stamineo libero.

A small tree or shrub (2 m high according to the collector), all parts
more or less brown-lepidote, the branchlets, inflorescence and young
leaves densely so. Branches terete, gray or brownish, ultimately gla-
brous. Leaves alternate, 20 to 30 cm long, the rachis at first lepidote,
ultimately glabrous or nearly so. Leaflets 7 to 11, alternate, or the
upper ones opposite, narrowly lanceolate, 8 to 12 cm long, 1.5 to 2 em
wide, rather pale and somewhat shining when dry, the young ones
densely brown-lepidote on both surfaces, the mature ones ultimately nearly
glabrous, the apex narrowly and gradually acuminate, the base inequi-
lateral, acute or acuminate; nerves 15 to 20 on each side of the midrib,
indistinct ; petiolules about 2 mm long. Panicles axillary and terminal,
about 15 cm long, pyramidal, diffuse, branched from the base, all parts
densely brown-lepidote. Flowers 5-merous, small, racemosely disposed
on the ultimate branchlets, very numerous, their pedicels about 1 mm
long. Calyx-lobes lepidote, rounded, 0.5 mm long. Petals glabrous,
orbicular or orbicular-elliptic, about 1 mm long. Staminal-tube globose,
glabrous, free from the petals, crenate at the apex; stamens 5, inserted
at about the middle of the tube, included.

Luzon, Province of Nueva Vizcaya, Amucucan, near Bayombong, Bur. Sci. 8141
Ramos, May 13, 1909, in forests along streams.

A species manifestly allied to Aglaia angustifolia (Miq.) C. DC., but abundantl y
distinct, well characterized by its narrowly lanceolate leaves.

NEW OR NOTEWORTHY PHILIPPINE PLANTS, VIII. 185

DYSOXYLUM Blume.

Dysoxylum venosum sp. nov. § Hudysoxylum,

Arbor, partibus junioribus subtus foliis inflorescentiisque molliter
puberulis; foliis alternis, imparipinnatis, foliolis 11, oblongis vel ellip-
tico-oblongis, acuminatis, nitidis, supra glabris, in sicco pallidis, nervis
utrinque circiter 10, stpra impressis, subtus prominentibus ; inflorescentiis
axillaribus, brevibus, spiciformibus; floribus 4-meris, tubo stamineo libero,
ovario pubescente.

A tree of medium size, the branches terete, grayish, glabrous, the
branchlets, inflorescence, rachis and under surface of the leaflets softly
pale-olivaceous-puberulent. Leaves about 45 em long, alternate; leaflets
11, the lower ones alternate, the upper opposite, oblong or elliptic-oblong,
10 to 17 em long, 4.5 to 7 em wide, rather pale when dry, shining, the
upper surface glabrous, or the midrib often puberulent, apex acuminate,
base acute; nerves about 10 on each side of the midrib, impressed above,
beneath prominent, anastomosing, the reticulations lax, obscure; petio-
lules puberulent, about 5 mm long. Inflorescences in the upper axils,
and in the axils of fallen leaves, solitary, spiciform, unbranched, 4 cm
long or less, the pedicels very short. Flower-buds globose, 4 mm in
diameter, the calyx shortly 4-toothed, puberulent outside, the teeth
triangular-ovate, 1 mm long or less. Petals 4, densely gray-puberulent
outside, oblong or oblong-ovate, 4 mm long. Staminal-tube cylindric,
free, glabrous, 3 mm long, minutely crenate. Anthers 8, included. Disk
tubular, 1 mm long, obscurely denticulate, glabrous outside, pubescent
within. Ovary ovoid, densely pubescent, 4-celled; style, including the
stigma, about 2 mm long.

Luzon, Province of Cagayan, Mount Cura, For. Bur. 16839 Curran, March,
1909, altitude about 200 m.

A species much resembling D. turczaninowii C. DC., but distinguished by its
very strongly veined leaves, most parts densely lhatilant, and many other
characters. ~

Dysoxylum biflorum sp. nov. § Hudysoxylwm.

Arbor glabra vel subglabra, partibus junioribus exceptis; foliis al-
ternis, abrupte pinnatis, 3-jugatis, foliolis elliptico-ovatis, subcaudato-
acuminatis, basi acuminatis, subtus in venarum axillis glandulosis bar-
batisque; inflorescentiis axillaribus, depauperato-paniculatis, pedunculis
bifloris; floribus longe pedicellatis, 4-meris; calycibus pyriformibus, bre-
viter obscure crenatis; petalis 4, glabris, tubo stamineo libero; ovario
glabro vel subglabro, 4-loculare.

A tree, nearly glabrous except the innovations which are somewhat
pubescent. Branches terete, lenticellate, slender, brown. Leaves al-
ternate, 20 cm long, equally pinnate, 3-jugate; leaflets opposite, elliptic-
ovate to oblong-ovate, chartaceous or somewhat coriaceous, glabrous and
shining on the upper surface, 6 to 10 cm long, 2.5 to 3.5 em wide, the

186 MERRILL.

apex rather abruptly subcaudate-acuminate, acumen about 1 cm long,
blunt, base acuminate; nerves about 8 on each side of the midrib, prom-
inent beneath, impressed above, anastomosing, the reticulations lax,
obscure, with a barbate gland in the axil of each nerve where it leaves
the midrib; petiolules 3 to 5 mm long. Inflorescences few, axillary,
each consisting of a 5 to 6 em long peduncle, bearing at its apex two
long-pedicelled flowers, each pedicel subtended by a small bract about 2
mm long, and each calyx subtended by a smaller, but similar bracteole ;
pedicels 1 cm long. Calyx pear-shaped, 4 mm long, 3.5 mm in diameter
above, the mouth with four broad, obscure, rounded teeth. Petals 4, in
bud elliptic, 3 mm long. Staminal-tube free, about 2 mm long, cylindric,
denticulate ; stamens 8, the anthers 1 mm long, included. Disk tubular,
1 mm long, free. Ovary ovoid, 4-celled, each cell 1-ovuled, glabrous or
with few seattered hairs, including the short style 2 mm in length.

Luzon, Province of Isabela, Cabagan River, For. Bur. 18563 Alvarez, April 22,
1909, altitude about 100 m.

A species well characterized by its two-flowered inflorescences.

MALPIGHIACEZ,
HIPTAGE Gaertn.

Leaves not gradually narrowed upward, obtuse or rounded; uniformly and dis-
tinetly reticulate on both surfaces; flowers small............%.0...... l. H. reticulata
Leaves more or less gradually narrowed upward to the acuminate or acute apex.
Leaves pubescent, often densely so.
Carpels small, less than 1.5 em long, including the wings; leaves less than
2.5 em in width. ,
An erect tree or shrub; leaves glabrous on the upper surface, densely
pubescent with pale hairs beneath; racemes many flowered.
2. H. pubescens
Seandent; leaves pubescent on both surfaces; racemes few-flowered.
3. H. curranti
Carpels large, including the wings reaching 4.5 cm in length; leaves 3.5 to
cat TiS [SRS OMe SN neal Oe ee SS Oem em) Sa 4. H. tetraptera
Leaves glabrous.
Carpels large, including the wings reaching a length of 8 em. |
5. H. macroptera
Carpels small, including the wings not exceeding 2.5 em in length.
Leaves broad, rather abruptly acuminate, the lateral nerves 4 or 5; central
wing of the carpels 1 to 1.4 em broad... 0... eee eee 6. H. cumingit
Leaves relatively narrow, gradually narrowed upward, the lateral nerves 6
or 7; central wing of the carpels less than 1 em broad.
Leaves ample, usually exceeding 10 em in length............... 7. H. javanica
amurven atiall, 6 om Weg or lens......:...4/...-1:1;-.. a yeueeeed 8. H. luzonica

1. Hiptage reticulata sp. nov. Pa

Frutex scandens (?) ; foliis elliptico-oblongis, coriaceis, utrinque gla-
bris, nitidis, reticulatis, obtusis vel rotundatis, nervis utrinque circiter
8; racemis circiter 8 cm longis, leviter pubescentibus, compositis ; floribus
vix 1 cm diametro.

NEW OR NOTEWORTHY PHILIPPINE PLANTS, VIII. 187

An erect or scandent shrub or a tree. Leaves elliptic-oblong, coria-
ceous, glabrous, shining, about 6 cm long, 2.5 cm wide, abruptly narrowed
at both base and apex which are obtuse or rounded; nerves about 8 on
each side of the midrib, anastomosing, the reticulations rather close,
distinct on both surfaces. Racemes compound, about 8 em long, slightly
pubescent, the pedicels about 10 mm long, scattered along the rachis, each
subtended by a 1 mm long bracteole, and bearing at about the middle
an additional bracteole subtending a sessile or shortly pedicelled bud.
Calyx-gland very prominent, 1.5 to 2 mm long. Sepals 1.5 to 2 mm
long, obtuse. Petals 3 to 4 mm long, rounded.

Luzon, Province of Zambales, Vidal 2243 in Herb. Kew.

- This form has as yet not been rediscovered in the Philippines, and is described
from the single specimen preserved in the Kew herbarium. It is well charac-
terized by its elliptic-oblong, glabrous, shining, reticulate, blunt leaves, and by its
comparatively small flowers.

2. Hiptage pubescens sp. nov.

Arbor parva usque ad 5 m alta, ramulis, subtus foliis, inflorescentiisque
dense pallide adpresse sericeo-pubescentibus; foliis coriaceis, elliptico-
oblongis vel oblongo-lanceolatis, acuminatis, basi rotundatis vel acutis;
racemis axillaribus foliis subaequalibus vel longioribus; carpellis vix 1.5
cm longis. :

A small tree 4 to 5 m high (9 m according to Ramos). Branches
brown or gray, terete, lenticellate, glabrous, the young branchlets densely
and pale-silky-pubescent. Leaves opposite, coriaceous, elliptic-oblong to
oblong-lanceolate, 5 to 8 em long, 1.5 to 2.5 cm wide, glabrous and
shining above, on the lower surface densely covered with pale, appressed,
silky hairs; the base rounded or sometimes somewhat acute, the apex
distinctly, often strongly and gradually acuminate; nerves 7 or 8 on each
side of the midrib, not prominent, obscurely anastomosing, obscured on
the lower surface by the pubescence, but the hairs sometimes rubbing
off, the veins then appearing brown in contrast to the pale surface of
the leaf; petioles 2 to 3 mm long, pubescent. Racemes axillary, solitary,
about as long as the leaves, sometimes crowded in the upper axils and
simulating a terminal inflorescence, many-flowered, densely silky-pubescent
with pale appressed hairs, the pedicels 5 to 7 mm long. Flowers yellow
or red, about 1 em in diameter when open. Sepals obtuse, the gland
prominent. Petals 5 to 6 mm long, obtuse, pubescent. Fruit of two
carpels, somewhat pubescent, the central wing of each carpel 10 to 12
mm long, about 5 mm wide, rounded or obtuse, the two lateral ones
similar but less than one-half as long, and truncate or rounded. |

Luzon, Province of Abra, Mount Paraga, Bur. Sci. 7257 Ramos, February,
1909 (type): Lepanto-Bontoc, For. Bur. 11263 Klemme, February, 1908, altitude
about 1,200 m: Province of Ilocos Norte, Mount Piao, For. Bur. 13979 Merritt €

Darling, altitude. about 1,000 m.
This species is readily recognizable by its comparatively small leaves and small

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,
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y
|
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Tener i ee er

188 MERRILL.

fruits, but especially by the dense, pale, appressed, silky pubescence on the
inflorescence, branchlets and lower surfaces of the leaves. It is remarkable in the
genus in that it is erect and arborescent, not scandent. The trunk-diameter is
given by the various collectors as from 8 to 30 em.

Var. lanceolata var. nov.
A typo differt foliis angustioribus, lanceolatis, circiter 1 cm latis.

Luzon, Province of Ilocos Norte, Badoc, For. Bur. 13955 Merritt & Darling,
altitude about 65 m, locally known as pangardisin; near Vintar, altitude 700 m,
For. Bur. 13943 Merritt & Darling: Province of Ilocos Sur, For. Bur. 5632
Klemme.

In general appearance, pubescence, flowers, etc., quite the same as the species,
differing only in its narrower and lanceolate leaves. The fruits are unknown.

3. Hiptage curranii sp. nov.

Frutex scandens, omnibus partibus pubescens ; foliis coriaceis, elliptico-
oblongis vel late oblongo-lanceolatis, acuminatis, nervis utrinque circiter
5; racemis axillaribus, brevibus, paucifloris; carpellis circiter 1 cm longis.

A scandent shrub, reaching a height of 4 m, in vegetative characters
similar to Hiptage pubescens Merr. Branches terete, slender, becoming
glabrous, dark-colored, often nearly black, scarcely lenticellate, the branch-
lets densely pale-pubescent. Leaves opposite, oblong-elliptic to broadly
oblong-lanceolate, coriaceous, 4 to 8 cm long, 1.5 to 2.5 em wide, the
base acute, rarely obtuse, the apex gradually and distinctly acuminate,
the upper surface covered with short, yellowish-brown hairs, the lower
surface very densely pubescent with pale appressed hairs; nerves about
5 on each side of the midrib, curved-ascending, anastomosing, not prom-
inent; petioles densely pubescent, 3 to 4 mm long. Flowers unknown.
Racemes in fruit 2.5 cm long or less, densely pubescent with pale hairs,
few-flowered, often only three flowers in a raceme, or reduced to a single
flower. Fruit of two carpels, more or less pubescent, the central wing
of each carpel rather thin, 1 em long, about 5 mm wide, the lateral ones
similar but less than one-half as long.

Luzon, Province of Zambales, Baquilis River, For. Bur. 6951 Curran, May 9,
1907, in the dry river bed.

Similar in most respects to H. pubescens, differing in being scandent instead of

erect, in its short, few-flowered racemes, and by its leaves being pubescent on both
surfaces, mostly acute at the base, and with fewer lateral nerves.

4. Hiptage tetraptera sp. nov.

Frutex suberectus, vix scandens, omnibus partibus plus minus adpresse
pubescens ; foliis coriaceis, ovatis vel anguste ovatis, obscure late acum-
inatis, nervis utrinque 4 vel 5; racemis axillaribus, solitariis, simplicibus ;
carpellis 1 vel 2, alato-cristatis, crista 1 ad 1.5 cm longa.

A suberect shrub about 2 m high, scarcely scandent. Branches terete,
pale, densely appressed-pubescent with short, pale hairs. Leaves opposite,

a BO tc fo = hi i cia oh Mo ea mes i 7 SE pt SUA | | oo eee ele ees ae eae oe

NEW OR NOTEWORTHY PHILIPPINE PLANTS, VIII. 189

coriaceous, 6 to 8 cm long, 3.5 to 5 cm wide, the upper surface somewhat
appressed-pubescent, especially on the nerves, later becoming subglabrous,
the lower surface rather densely pubescent with short, pale, appressed
hairs, the base rounded or subacute, the apex obscurely and broadly
acuminate; nerves 4 or 5 on each side of the midrib, distinct, curved-
ascending, the reticulations obscure ; petioles pubescent, the apical glands
prominent. Racemes axillary, solitary, 8 to 10 cm long, pubescent, the
pedicels 1 to 2 cm long. Sepals pubescent, obtuse. Petals unknown.
Carpels one or two, somewhat appressed-pubescent, about 8 mm long and
wide, the crest prolonged into a narrow, oblong or oblong-lanceolate _
wing, 1 to 1.5 cm long and 3 to 4 mm wide; central wing 3.5 to 4.5
cm long, about 1.5 em wide, rounded, the lateral ones similar and about
one-half as large.

PALAWAN, Separation Point, Merrill 1791, February 18, 1903.

A species recognizable by its pubescent leaves, and especially by its carpel-
crests being prolonged into a manifest wing, making the carpels appear as though
they were four-winged, whence the specific name.

5. Hiptage macroptera sp. nov.

Frutex scandens, inflorescentiis exceptis glaber vel subglaber; foliis
elliptico-oblongis vel ovato-ellipticis, acuminatis, nervis utrinque circiter
6; racemis densis, axillaribus; carpellis 1 vel 2, obscure late carinatis,
vix cristatis, ala media usque ad 7 cm longa.

A scandent shrub, glabrous except the inflorescence. Branches terete,
reddish-brown or grayish, somewhat lenticellate. Leaves chartaceous or
subcoriaceous, élliptic-oblong to ovate-elliptic, 8 to 12 cm long, 3 to 5.5
cm wide, glabrous, shining, the base rounded, rarely subacute, the apex
prominently and usually abruptly acuminate; nerves about 6 on each
side of the midrib, prominent, curved upward, obscurely anastomosirig,
the reticulations not prominent; petioles about 7 mm long, the leaf-base
with usually two distinct glands at the junction with the petiole.
Racemes axillary, solitary, densely rather many-flowered, pubescent, in
anthesis 4 to 5 cm long, longer in fruit. Flowers pinkish-white, their
pedicels 10 to 12 mm long, longer in fruit. Sepals elliptic, rounded,
about 4 mm long, 2.5 mm wide, pubescent. Petals 10 to 12 mm long,
prominently fimbriate. Carpels one or two, slightly pubescent, with a
broad low ridge along the top but scarcely crested, the central wing 6
to 7 em long, usually about 1.5 cm wide, somewhat narrowed at both
ends, apex obtuse, the lateral wings similar and about one-half as long.

MINDANAO, Lake Lanao, Mrs. Clemens s. n., May, 1907, the specimen in fruit
(type), and also no. 1056, same date, in flower.

This species grows in thickets and forests along the margin of the lake, the
young leaves and rather prominent fruits being red in color. It is manifestly
allied to H. benghalensis (L.) O. Ktze., differing especially in its much larger
wings.

fa —_— — - baie. ti) So <i Sis ua TT. .°.~ eS
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190 MERRILL.

6. Hiptage cumingjii sp. nov.

Hiptage madablota Vid. Phan. Cum. Philip. (1885) 99, non Gaertn.

Scandens, inflorescentiis exceptis glabra vel subglabra; foliis coriaceis,
ovato-ellipticis vel oblongo-ovatis, usque ad 9 cm longis, basi acutis vel
rotundatis, apice acuminatis, nervis utrinque 4 vel 5; racemis simplicibus,
foliis subaequilongis ; carpellis 2 vel 3, vix vel obscure cristatis, ala media
1.5 ad 2 em longa.

A scandent shrub, glabrous or nearly glabrous except the inflorescence.
Branches terete, lenticellate, rather slender, usually reddish-brown, the
branchlets more or less pubescent soon becoming glabrous. Leaves coria-
ceous, ovate-elliptic to oblong-ovate, 5.5 to 9 em long, 3 to 5 em wide,
shining above, the base acute or rounded, the apex distinctly and often
abruptly acuminate; lateral nerves + or 5 on each side of the midrib,
anastomosing, the reticulations not distinct; petioles 5 to 7 mm long.
Racemes axillary, solitary, mostly in the upper axils and simulating a
terminal inflorescence, 5 to 8 cm long, pubescent, the flowers numerous,
the pedicels about 1 cm long, somewhat elongated in fruit, the bracteoles
near the middle about 2 mm in length. Sepals oblong, rounded, about 3
mm long. Petals 6 to 7 mm long, pubescent. Carpels 2 or 3, somewhat
appressed-pubescent, not or very obscurely crested, the central wing
broadly oblong-elliptic or obovate-elliptic, 1.5 to 2 em long, often nearly
1.4 cm wide, the lateral ones about one-half as long.

Luzon, Province of Pangasinan, Cuming 971 (type).

I am also disposed to refer here For. Bur. 6732 Merritt, from near Pinamalayan,
Mindoro, which differs from Cuming’s specimen in having the leaves somewhat

pubescent beneath, and in its very slightly smaller fruits, and Bur. Sci. 753
Foxworthy from Mount Victoria, Palawan, the latter very closely matching the
| type.
Hiptage cumingii is manifestly allied to H. benghalensis (L.) O. Ktze. (H.
madablota Gaertn.), but differs especially in its smaller, fewer-nerved leaves,
smaller flowers, its crestless carpels, and much smaller wings.

7. Hiptage javanica BI. Bijdr. (1825) 224; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. 1? (1858)
; 586; Hochr. Pl. Bogor. Exsice. no. 32.

: MINDANAO, District of Cotabato, near Fort Reina Regente, For. Bur. 3944
Hutchinson,

‘ This specimen closely matches a very full series of specimens representing
; Blume’s species, received from the Botanic Garden at Buitenzorg, differing in
3 having some of the leaves slightly wider. The species has not previously been

recorded otherwise than from Java.

. There are in this herbarium four specimens, all with flowers, from the Prov-
ince of Rizal, Luzon, that previously have been referred to H. madablota Gaertn.,
and the duplicates distributed under that name. This material is manifestly not
specifically the same as Gaertner’s species, and may possibly be referable to
H. javanica Bl., although there are some manifest differences in vegetative char-
acters, especially in the much more obscure reticulations. Otherwise the speci-
mens very closely resemble H. javanica Bl., but in the absence of fruiting material,
they are not at present definitely referred to that species. The specimens are

, aa te id i A Lc ai il 4 be ru
. , > ee

NEW OR NOTEWORTHY PHILIPPINE PLANTS, VIII. 191

Merrill 1704, 5046, and For. Bur. 420, 2660 Ahern’s collector. H. madablota Vid.
Sinopsis Atlas (1883) t. 22, f. A. (non Gaertn.) manifestly represents the same
form as the four specimens above mentioned.

8. Hiptage luzonica Merr. in Govt. Lab. Publ. (Philip.) 35 (1905) 33, Philip.
Journ. Sei. 1 (1906) Suppl. 74.

Luzon, Province of Bataan, Mount Mariveles, Whitford 1148.

This species is known only from the original collection, and the type is possibly
only-a dwarfed state of the Rizal form discussed above under H. javanica BI.
A full series of specimens will be necessary definitely to settle this point. So
far as our material goes, H. luzonica is distinguishable by its small leaves.

HipraGE MADABLOTA Gaertn. (=H. benghalensis (L.) O, Ktze.) has been ered-
ited to the Archipelago by various authors, but I have seen no Philippine material
that I consider to be referable to that species. The plant so figured by Vidal
in his “Sinopsis Atlas” unquestionably represents the Luzon form discussed under
H. javanica, while the plant so identified by him in his “Phanerogamae Cumin-
gianae Philippinarum” has above been made the type of a new species, H. cumingii.
The form so credited to the Philippines by F.-Villar in the “Novissima Appendix”
is doubtless, for most part, the same as that figured by Vidal, as the specimens
F.-Villar examined came from the Province of Manila (=Rizal). re

Triopteris jamaicensis Blanco Fl. Filip. (1837) 379, ed. 2 (1845) 207, non
Linn., is manifestly Hiptage, although not H. madablota Gaertn., where it was
referred by F.-Villar. It is probably the form figured by Vidal, mentioned above,
as this is apparently the only species of the genus that is at all common in the
region from which Blanco secured most of his material.

EUPHORBIACE.
ACALYPHA Linn.

Acalypha grandibracteata sp. noy.

Species A. stipulaceae valde affinis, differt foliis latioribus, basi cordatis
vel subcordatis, bracteis multo majoribus, usque ad 1 ad 2 cm longis.

A shrub or small tree, slightly puberulent or pubescent. ' Branches
pale or reddish-brown, puberulent, sometimes stout and thickened.
Leaves broadly ovate to oblong-ovate, chartaceous or submembranaceous,
12 to 20 em long, 7 to 15 em wide, with minute, scattered, white pustules
on both surfaces, and with very few, scattered, long hairs, the margins
regularly and rather finely crenate-serrate, the apex acuminate, the base
broad and cordate or subcordate, palmately 7- or 9-nerved from the base ;
petioles 20 cm in length or less; stipules linear-lanceolate, long-acuminate,
1.5 to 2 cm long. Staminate and pistillate spikes on the same plant, or
apparently more often on separate plants, the staminate ones dense, cylin-
dric, pubescent, often 20 cm long, about 3 mm in diameter, the flowers
3- or 4-merous. Pistillate spikes peduncled, stout, 20 em long or less,
about 2 em in diameter, the bracts broadly ovate, acuminate, toothed,
about 1 cm long, the lowermost ones sometimes 2 cm in length, more
or less appressed-hirsute on the back, the pistillate flowers solitary in
the axil of each bract. Ovary hirsute; styles nearly 3 mm long, split

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192 | MERRILL.

into several, filiform, elongated lobes. Capsule about 2 mm long, hirsute,
the seeds elliptic-oblong, 1.2 mm long, smooth and glabrous.

BaTaNneEs ISLANDS, Batan, Santo Domingo de Basco, Bur. Sci. 38607 Fénia
(type), with staminate and pistillate spikes on the same branch, Bur. Sci. 3206
Mearns, May, 1907, with pistillate spikes. A narrower-leaved form is apparently
represented by Bur. Sci. 4084 Fénix, from Camiguin Island, Babuyanes, locally
known as ajas. :

These specimens were previously referred by me to Acalypha stipulacea Klotz.,
which they closely resemble in many respects, differing especially in the points
noted in the diagnosis above.

Acalypha australis Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 1004; Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soe.
Bot. 26 (1894) 437.
Luzon, Province of Cagayan, Bur. Sci. 7800, 7869 Ramos, April, 1909.

Not previously reported from the Philippines; Manchuria and Japan to
southern China.

ALCHORNEA Muell.-Arg.

Alchornea sicca (Blanco) comb. nov.

Excoecaria sicca Blanco Fl. Filip. (1837) 787, ed. 2 (1845) 542, ed. 3, 3:94;
Naves 1. c. ed. 3, pl. 307.

Stipellaria parviflora Benth. in Hook. Journ. Bot. & Kew. Miscel. 6 (1854) 4.

Alchornea parviflora Muell.-Arg. in Linnaea 34 (1865) 168, DC. Prodr.
15 *:902; Vid. Phan. Cuming. Philip. (1885) 144, Rev. Pl. Vase. Filip. (1886)
244; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 194.

Alchornea mollis F.-Vill. 1. ¢., non Muell.-Arg.

“Acalypha tiliaefolia Muell.-Arg.”; Vid. Rev. Pl. Vase. Filip. (1886) 244.

Luzon, Province of Rizal, Bur. Sci. 3334, 5220 Ramos, Vidal 592, 1710 (herb.
Kew.) , Loher 4667: Province of Laguna, Hlmer; Province of Pampanga, For. Bur.
18314 Curran. Necros, Cuming 1800.

Blanco’s description unmistakably applies to this species, and his name being
the earliest one is here adopted. Cuming’s specimen was from Negros according
to his own list of localities. The enumeration of “Acalypha tiliaefolia Muell.-
Arg.” by Vidal seems to have been a slip for “Alchornea tiliaefolia Muell.-Arg.”
There is no such species as “Acalypha tiliaefolia Muell.-Arg.”

DIMORPHOCALYX Thwaites.

Dimorphocalyx luzoniensis sp. nov.

Arbor glabra, dioica, circiter 12 m alta; foliis alternis, chartaceis,
elliptico-ovatis, acuminatis, integris vel distanter obscureque denticulatis,
nervis utrinque 10 ad 12; inflorescentiis axillaribus, racemoso-cymosis,
quam folia brevioribus ; floribus masculinis circiter 8 mm longis, stamini-
bus 15, filamentis in columna connatis sed exterioribus elongatis, fere
liberis; floribus femineis albis, 2.5 em diametro, sepalis liberis, accres-
centibus.

A glabrous dioecious tree about 12 m high. Branches slender, terete,
grayish-brown, somewhat lenticellate. Leaves alternate, elliptic-ovate,
chartaceous, grayish or brownish and somewhat shining when dry, 10 to
15 cm long, 4 to 7 cm wide, the base rounded or somewhat acute, the
apex sharply acuminate, the margins entire or distantly denticulate with

= i oo. i Es al i :. oF” Veh ewe a te. Nl Re ©. atl
: - as i lk de el ; erie ae c din: di

NEW OR NOTEWORTHY PHILIPPINE PLANTS, VIII. 193

very small subglandular teeth; petioles 1 to 8 cm long; lateral nerves 10
to 12 on each side of the midrib, rather distinct, the reticulations -lax.
Inflorescence axillary, shorter than the leaves, of racemosely arranged
cymes, the staminate and pistillate similar. Pistillate flowers white,
ample, their pedicels 7 to 10 mm long. Calyx of five free sepals, im-
bricate, elliptic-ovate, rounded, often slightly retuse, glabrous, 1.2 to 2
em long, 6 to 12 mm_wide, reticulate, apparently persistent. Petals 5,
imbricate, broadly elliptic-ovate, about 10 mm long, 8 mm wide, apex
rounded, not reticulate or nerved. Disk small. Staminodes none.
Ovary glabrous, longitudinally’ 3-sulcate, the lobes rounded, 3-celled, each
cell with a single ovule; styles 3, free, about 5 mm long, each cleft
half way to the base into two divergent arms. Staminate flowers smaller
than the pistillate ones. Calyx 5 to 6 mm long, cleft into five elliptic-
oblong, imbricate, obtuse lobes about 3 mm long and 2 to 2.5 mm wide.
Petals 5, free, imbricate, oblong-elliptic, rounded, 7 to 8 mm long, 4 mm
wide. Disk-glands 5, prominent, white, 1.5 to 2 mm long. Stamens
15, the filaments all more or less united into a column, the interior ones
very short, the outer five longer and nearly free, these outer ones about
3.5 mm long, the free portions of the inner ones progressively shorter ;
anthers introrse. Rudimentary ovary none.

Luzon, Province of Laguna, Los Bafios, For. Bur. 11907 Tamesis, January 22,

1910, pistillate flowers; same locality, Bautista s. n., February 11, 1904, staminate
flowers. Borders of clearings, altitude about 100 m.

AQUIFOLIACEZ.
ILEX Linn.

Ilex foxworthyi sp. nov. § Thyrsoprinus, Indico-Malaicae.

Arbor inflorescentiis exceptis glabra, circiter 8 m alta; foliis ovatis
vel elliptico-ovatis, coriaceis, usque ad 9 cm longis, nitidis, subtus obscure
minutissime dense puncticulatis et punctis majoribus sparsis intermixtis,
nervis utrinque circiter 7; racemis axillaribus, solitariis, in alabastro
circiter 3 cm longis, puberulis, floribus femineis 5- vel 6-meris.

A tree about 8 m high, glabrous except the inflorescence. Branches
gray, terete, wrinkled when dry, not lenticellate. Leaves ovate to
elliptic-ovate, coriaceous, shining, brown or olivaceous when dry, and
slightly paler beneath, the margins recurved, entire, 4 to 9 cm long,
2.5 to 5 em wide, the lower surface very minutely, obscurely, and densely
puncticulate, and with scattered larger points, the latter not prominent,
the apex shortly blunt-acuminate, base rather broad, acute; nerves
about 7 on each side of the midrib, not prominent, slender, obscurely
anastomosing, the reticulations lax, about as distinct on the upper sur-
face as on the lower; petioles 1 em long or somewhat less on the smaller
leaves. Pistillate flowers racemose, the racemes axillary, solitary, simple,
in bud 3 cm long or less, puberulent, some flowers also occurring solitary

—. oe” lee

co. Se a lhe

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4 ‘

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194 MERRILL.

or in pairs on the growing branchlets, the pedicels puberulent, 3 to 4
mm long, each subtended by a triangular-ovate, acute or acuminate,
puberulent, 1 mm long bracteole. Pistillate flowers (in bud), 5- or
6-merous, the buds globose, the calyx-segments elliptic, rounded, puberu-
lent, about 2 mm long, 1.2 mm wide, imbricate. Corolla (immature)
nearly 3 mm long. Staminodes 1 mm long, bearing imperfect anthers.
Ovary not compressed, subglobose, 5- or 6-celled, the stigma nearly as
broad as the ovary, somewhat sulcate. Staminate flowers and fruits
unknown.

Luzon, Province of Tayabas, Mount Banajao, Bur. Sci. 2416 Fowworthy,
March 24, 1907, altitude about 1,450 m.

This species is apparently allied to /lex malaccensis Loesener, of the Malay
Peninsula and Borneo, but its leaves with the lateral nerves distinctly visible
on the upper surface, acute at the base, and its 5- or 6-celled ovaries are ap-
parently sufficiently distinctive to warrant the description of the present form
as new.

It is also allied to /lew halconensis Mery., but is distinguished at once by its
puberulent racemes.

ICACINACEZE.
URANDRA Thwaites.

Urandra hallieri sp. nov.

Arbor glabra vel subglabra, circiter 20 m alta; foliis alternis, coriaceis,
oblongo-ellipticis vel oblongis, breviter obtuse acuminatis, in sicco pallidis,
nitidis, nervis utringue circiter 15, tenuibus, obscuris; cymis peduncu-
latis, axillaribus, solitariis, quam petiolus paullo longioribus, floribus
5-meris, calyce truncato, connectivo antherarum longe barbato.

A tree about 20 m high, glabrous, or the younger branchlets and
inflorescence more or less puberulent. Branches terete, brownish or
olivaceous, smooth or slightly wrinkled when dry. Leaves oblong-elliptic
to elliptic, coriaceous, 10 to 16 cm long, 5 to 7 em wide, pale and
somewhat shining when dry, the apex shortly and abruptly blunt-acum-
inate, the base acute or slightly acuminate, the margins entire, often
slightly revolute; midrib prominent, the lateral nerves about 15 on each
side of the midrib, slender, obscure on both surfaces, the primary ones
hardly more prominent than are the secondary ones, the reticulations
faint on the upper surface, obsolete or subobsolete beneath; petioles
about 2 cm long. Cymes axillary, solitary, peduncled, about 3 cm in
diameter, the peduncles about as long as the petioles. Flowers sessile in
fascicles of three each at the tips of the umbellately disposed primary
branches, 4-merous. Calyx shallowly cup-shaped, slightly puberulent,
truncate, about 2 mm long, 3 mm in diameter, slightly puberulent
outside and on the margins, strongly wrinkled when dry. Petals 4,
narrowly oblong, 5.5 mm long, 1.8 mm wide, valvate, near the base

23>
the margins slightly coherent, the apex acute or obtuse, appendaged

NEW OR NOTEWORTHY PHILIPPINE PLANTS, VIII. 195

inside. Stamens 4, the filaments about 4.5 mm long, flattened, 1 mm
wide and of about the same width throughout, the anterior face at the
base of the anther bearded with long hairs; anthers about 1 mm long,
the back and apex of the connective very densely bearded with numerous,
pale, rather stout, soft hairs about 4 mm long, the tips of the hairs
somewhat club-shaped. Disk prominent, truncate. Ovary conical, gla-
brous, strongly wrinkled, tipped by the very short style.

BasILaNn, Hallier s. n., January, 1904 (type). MINDANAO, District of Zam-
boanga, Port Banga, Vor. Bur. 9176 Whitford & Hutchinson, December 9, 1907,
in dipterocarp forests at an altitude of about 20 m.

A species in gross characters very similar to Urandra apicalis Thwaites, of
Ceylon, but distinguished at once by its truncate calyx.

Urandra elliptica sp. nov.

Arbor glabra circiter 30 m alta; foliis coriaceis, ellipticis vel late
ellipticis, utrinque late rotundatis vel apice abrupte brevissime acumi-
natis, coriaceis, nitidis, circiter 10 cm longis, nervis utrinque 4 vel 5;
fructibus globosis, 1.5 cm diametro. ;

A glabrous tree about 30 m high, the trunk 90 cm in diameter. Branches
terete, smooth, brown-olivaceous or reddish-brown. Leaves alternate,
coriaceous, shining and of about the same color on both surfaces, elliptic

- or broadly elliptic, 8 to 11 em long, 6 to 9 cm wide, equally and very

broadly rounded at both ends, or the apex very abruptly and shortly
acuminate; nerves 4 or 5 on each side of the midrib, distant, curved-
ascending and faintly anastomosing, the reticulations lax, not prominent ;
petioles 1 to 1.5 em long. Inflorescence (young) axillary, peduncled,
of three or four spicately arranged, short branches, each branch with
about 6 pairs of densely imbricated, distichous, broadly ovate,-brown, 1 mm
long bracteoles. Flowers unknown. Fruit globose, yellow and somewhat
fleshy when fresh, about 1.5 em in diameter, one or two developing from
each branch of the inflorescence, the rachis slightly elongated, thickened,
the peduncles of the fruits stout, 1 to 1.5 em long.

Luzon, Province of Bataan, Duale, For. Bur. 20003 Topacio, September 14,

1909, in semi-open flat country, altitude about 100 m.
Well characterized by its broadly elliptic leaves.

SABIACEA.
MELIOSMA Blume.

Meliosma reticulata sp. nov.

Arbor parva, circiter 4 m alta, ramulis, foliolis ad nervos, petiolis,
paniculisque dense ferrugineo-villosis; foliis imparipinnatis, foliolis 5
ad 11, ellipticis vel oblongo-ellipticis, coriaceis, utrinque valde reticulatis,
apice rotundatis vel abrupte brevissime acuminatis, margine distanter

' denticulatis, nervis utrinque 8 ad 10, prominentibus; paniculis termina-

libus, foliis subaequalibus ; floribus numerosis, subsessilibus.

.
|
;
|
.
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196 MERRILL.

A small tree about 4 m high. Ultimate branches rather stout, dark-
brown, glabrous or nearly so, nearly 1 cm in diameter, the growing parts
smaller and densely ferruginous-villous. Leaves alternate, 40 cm long
or less, the petiole, rachis, petiolules, and midrib and nerves on both
surfaces of the leaflets densely ferruginous-villous; leaflets 5 to 11,
elliptic to oblong-elliptic, coriaceous, 6 to 11 cm long, 3 to 6.5 em wide,
the base broad, rounded, the apex also broad, rounded or very abruptly
and shortly acuminate, the margins in the lower half entire, above with
few, small, scattered teeth; nerves 8 to 10 on each side of the midrib,
prominent, anastomosing, and with the rather lax primary reticulations
impressed on the upper surface, prominent beneath; petiolules 12 mm
long or less. Panicles terminal, as long as the leaves, the branches few,
the lower ones often 15 to 20 cm long, all parts densely ferruginous-
villous. Flowers white, subsessile, the bracteoles about 2 mm _ long.
Calyx-segments 4 or 5, ovate to suborbicular, the outer ones smaller than
the inner and more or less ferruginous-villous. Three larger petals
orbicular, about 3 mm in diameter, the two smaller ones reduced to mere
scales less than 1 mm long and adnate to the filaments. Fertile stamens
2, the filaments less than 1.3 mm long.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Losod, Bur. Sci. 5594 Ramos, December, 1908.
I am inclined to refer here also For, Bur, 15803 Curran, from the Kuyapa District
in Benguet, but the specimen is with nearly mature fruit, and differs from the
type in being very much less pubescent, possibly due to development. The
fruits are narrowly obovoid, slighly compressed, and about 6 mm long. The
two specimens in other characters than the pubescence are very similar.

The species is well characterized by its dense ferruginous pubescence which

extends even to the nerves on both sides of the leaflets, and by its very strongly
reticulate leaflets.

VITACEZ.

LEEA Linn.

Leea quadrifida sp. nov.

Arbuscula circiter 1 m alta; foliis pinnatis, foliolis circiter 10, oblongis,
acuminatis, nervis utrinque circiter 12, subtus glandulis numerosis, brun-
neis, parvis sed prominentibus, conspersis; cymis brevibus, floribus con-
gestis, 4-meris.

A shrub about 1 m high. Branches brown, somewhat pubescent.
Leaves alternate, simply pinnate, 40 to 50 cm long, the rachis prominently
longitudinally sulcate, the petiole not dilated at the base, when very
young’ brown-puberulent. Leaflets oblong, firmly chartaceous, 14 to 20
cm long, 5 to 6 cm wide, the apex rather prominently acuminate, the
base rounded, very slightly inequilateral, the margins obscurely and
distantly crenulate or denticulate, the upper surface smooth, glabrous,
grayish and somewhat shining when dry, the lower surface brown, pubes-
cent or puberulent on the nerves and midrib, the whole surface with
numerous, small, elevated, brown glands distinctly visible to the naked

i eS

NEW OR NOTEWORTHY PHILIPPINE PLANTS, VIII. 197

eye; lateral nerves about 12 on each side of the midrib, prominent, some-
what ascending, nearly straight, anastomosing near the margin, the reticu-
lations distinct on the lower surface; petiolules about 1 cm long.
Inflorescence axillary, brown-pubescent, the stipé about 1 cm long, very
stout, bearing about 4 primary branches 5 to 6 cm long, branched near
the apex, and bearing numerous, subsessile, congested, white flowers.
Calyx 4 to 5 mm long, slightly pubescent, brown when dry, 4-toothed,
the teeth broadly ovate, 1.5 to 2 mm long, with few scattered glands.
Corolla 6 mm long, the lobes 4, reflexed in anthesis, oblong, 3 mm long.
Anthers 4, 2 mm long, connate, inflexed and included in the tube.

Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mount Maquiling, For. Bur. 13309 Tamesis, Sep-
tember 25, 1909, in forests, altitude about 700 m.

A most distinct species, well characterized by its prominently glandular
leaflets, but especially by its 4-merous flowers, in the latter character differing
from all species of the genus known to me.

MALVACEZ.
ABUTILON Tourn.

Abutilon hirtum (Lam.) G. Don Gen. Syst. 1 (1831) 503.

Sida hirta Lam. Eneyel. 1 (1783) 7.

Abutilon graveolens W. & A. var. hirtum Mast. in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 1
(1874) 327.

MINDANAO, District of Zamboanga, Mrs. Clemens 675, Hallier s. n.

Widely distributed in the Tropics.

This is probably the form credited to the Philippines by F.-Villar? as A.
graveolens W. & A. If the forms described as Abutilon graveolens W. & A., and
A. hirtum (Lam.) G. Don, are varietally distinct, as several authors consider
them, it is believed that the specific name should bé that of the one first described.

GUTTIFERA.
CALOPHYLLUM Linn.

Calophyllum gracilipes sp. nov. § Microphyllum.

Arbor glabra circiter 12 m alta, ramis tenuibus, teretibus, ramulis
valde quadrangulatis, circiter 1.5 mm diametro; foliis oblongo-ellipticis,
firmiter membranaceis vel subcoriaceis, usque ad 9 cm longis, nitidis,
subtus pallidis, basi acutis, apice breviter obtuse acuminatis; inflores-
centiis axillaribus, solitariis, racemis 3-floris, pedicellis tenuibus, 2 ad 3
em longis, floribus 4-meris, circiter 1.5 em diametro.

A tree about 12 m high, glabrous throughout except the short, brown-
puberulent terminal buds. Branches slender, terete, brown or olivaceous,
the branchlets strongly 4-angled, slender, about 1.5 mm in diameter.
Leaves oblong-elliptic, 5 to 9 em long, 2 to 3.5 cm wide, firmly mem-

branaceous or subcoriaceous, shining when dry, the lower surface paler

* Nov. App. (1880) 23.

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198 MERRILL.

than the upper, the base acute, the apex shortly and bluntly acuminate ;
nerves very numerous, densely disposed, about as prominent on one sur-
face as on the other; petioles 5 to 10 mm long. Racemes axillary,
solitary, 3-flowered, the peduncles slender, about 1 em long, the pedicels
very slender, 2 to 3 cm long, umbellately arranged at the apex of the
peduncle. Flowers white, the outer two sepals broadly ovate, obtuse,
about 5 mm long, the inner two similar but petaloid. Petals 4, elliptic
or elliptic-ovate, about 8 mm long. Stamens indefinite. Ovary glabrous,
globose or ovoid; style 4 mm long.

MinpaNnao, District of Zamboanga, Port Banga, For. Bur, 9405 Whitford &
Hutchinson, February 3, 1908, in ridge forests at an altitude of about 600 m;
also represented by Williams 2193, from the Sax River, same district, February
28, 1905.

A species similar in vegetative characters to Calophyllum whitfordu Merr.,
at once recognizable by its 3-flowered, solitary, axillary racemes, and very slender,
elongated pedicels.

Calophyllum racemosum sp. nov. § Jnophyllum.

Arbor circiter 11 m alta, glabra, gemmis ferrugineo-puberulis ex-
ceptis; foliis coriaceis, oblongo-ellipticis, usque ad 25 cm longis, nitidis,
basi acutis, apice acuminatis, margine distincte revolutis ; racemis simpli-
cibus, axillaribus, solitariis, usque ad 10 cm longis, floribus circiter 2 em
diametro.

A tree about 11 m high, glabrous except the ferruginous-puberulent
terminal buds which are lanceolate and 1 to 1.5 cm long. Branches
stout, terete, somewhat rugose, brown to olivaceous, the branchlets some-
what angled, suleate. Leaves coriaceous, oblong-elliptic, 15 to 25 cm
long, 4 to 7 em wide, shining, when dry about the same color on both
surfaces, or somewhat paler beneath, the apex distinctly and rather
abruptly acuminate, the base acute, the margins rather strongly revolute ;
nerves very numerous, close, about equally distinct on both surfaces;
petioles rather stout, 1 to 2 cm long. Racemes axillary, solitary, 10
cm long or less, simple, each with from 6 to 10 flowers, the pedicels 1
to 2 cm long, those of the lower flowers the longer. Sepals orbicular-
ovate, 8 to 10 mm long. Petals 4. Stamens indefinite. Fruit (im-
mature) ovoid, glaucous, smooth, 1 to 1.5 cm long, apiculate.

LreytE, between Dolores and Ormoe, For. Bur. 12620 Rosenbluth (type), Feb-
ruary 26, 1909, in forests, altitude about 100 m. I am disposed to refer here
also the following specimens from Mindanao: Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley, Mrs.
Clemens 1009, a luxuriant form, the racemes forming almost leafless, terminal
panicles, and Williams 2124, 2346, with immature fruits, from the Sax River,
District of Zamboanga.

A species well characterized by being entirely glabrous, except the terminal
buds, the margins of the leaves distinctly revolute, and the flowers arranged in

simple racemes. It is probably as closely allied to Calophyllum blancoi Pl. & Tr.,
as to any other species but is distinguished by the above characters.

i dl ay LY

NEW OR NOTEWORTHY PHILIPPINE PLANTS, VIII. ~ 499

Calophyllum amplexicaule Choisy ex Planch. & Triana in Ann. Sci. Nat.
IV 15 (1861) 281; Vesque in DC. Monog. Phan. 8 (1893) 564; Vidal Phan.
Cuming. Philip. (1885) 96, Rev. Pl. Vase. Filip. (1886) 54.

Tovomita pentapetala Blanco Fl. Filip. (1837) 432, ed. 2 (1845) 301, ed. 3,
23194.

Ochrocarpus pentapetalus F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 17.

Luzon, Province of Ilocos Norte, Cuming 1077 (type number): Province of
Pangasinan, Salasa, For. Burs 9625 Zschokke: Province of Zambales, For. Bur.
8226, 8229, 8236 Curran & Merritt, Bur. Sci. 4755, 5100 Ramos,

This species is here enumerated chiefly to call attention to the reduction of
Blanco’s Tovomita pentapetala, which was referred by F.-Villar to Ochrocarpus.
Blanco’s material was from the Provinces of Ilocos Norte and Sur, and he speaks
of the plant as being common near the seashore, flowering in December, and
locally known as Pamitlain and Pamitlatin. The specimen collected by Cuming,
on which Calophyllum amplexicaule Choisy was based, was also from Ilocos Norte,
according to Cuming’s own list of localities, and not from Albay, as stated by
Vesque; that the former is probably correct is borne out by the fact that the
species is only known from northern Luzon, and has so far never been found
in the south. Blanco’s description applies absolutely to Calophyllum ampleaicaule
with the exception of the flowers, which he describes as having two sepals, and
five petals. This was undoubtedly an error on his part, due to misconception
of the parts of the flower. This is the only plant known to me that agrees with
Blanco’s description as to its resinous properties, sessile leaves, etc., and even
to the axillary glands mentioned by him, these glands being really the axillary
buds. The specimen from Pangasinan was received under the native name
“Pamitaoyon,”

Blanco’s specific name is hence the oldest available one for the species, but
I am loath to transfer it to Calophyllum, as it was apparently selected by him
on a misconception of the floral parts, and in no way applies to any species of
the genus, all the species of Calophyllum having 4-merous flowers.

GARCINIA Linn.

Garcinia cordata sp. nov. § Hugarcinia.

Arbor glabra circiter 8 m alta; foliis sessilibus vel subsessilibus, ovato-
lanceolatis vel late lanceolatis, chartaceis vel subcoriaceis, nitidis, apice
acutis vel obscure acuminatis, basi late rotundatis distincte cordatis,
nervis utrinque 20 ad 25; floribus axillaribus, fasciculatis, pedicellatis,
4-meris, staminibus numerosis, in phalangibus 4 brevissime stipitatis vel
subsessilibus dense congestis; pistilli rudimento fungiforme.

A glabrous tree about 8 m high. Branches brown, terete, the branch-
lets distinctly 4-angled, frequently olivaceous. Leaves opposite, sessile
or subsessile, ovate-lanceolate to broadly ovate-lanceolate, 10 to 16 cm
long, 3.5 to 6 cm wide, broadest in the lower part, chartaceous or sub-
coriaceous, shining, the apex acute or obscurely acuminate, the base
broad, rounded, distinctly cordate ; lateral nerves 20 to 25 on each side of
the midrib, slender, irregular, the reticulations nearly obsolete. Flowers
axillary, fascicled, white, 4-merous, 4 to 8 in. each axil, their pedicels
about 7 mm long. Outer two sepals elliptic-ovate, obtuse, 4 mm long,
smaller than the inner two which are petaloid. Petals membranaceous,

95948——3

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200 MERRILL.

elliptic-ovate, rounded, concave, 5 to 6 mm long. Stamens indefinite,
arranged on both sides of four very slightly stipitate or subsessile, nar-
rowly obovoid phalanges. ‘Rudimentary ovary fungiform, the stipe about
3 mm long, the stigma circular, 2 mm in diameter.

Luzon, Province of Cagayan, San Vicente, For. Bur. 17286 Curran, March 8,
1909, on river banks near sea level.

A species well characterized by its ovate-lanceolate or broadly lanceolate,
sessile leaves which are broadest in the lower part and distinctly cordate at the
base. Among the Philippine species apparently allied to Garcinia dives Pierre,
and G. eugeniaefolia Wall., but very different from both.

KAYEA Wall.

Kayea brevipes sp. nov. § Hukayea.

Arbor glabra circiter 10 m alta; foliis anguste oblongo-ellipticis vel
anguste oblongis, usque ad 23 cm longis, subcoriaceis, nitidis, basi acutis,
apice acuminatis, nervis utrinque circiter 30, petiolo crasso, furfuraceo,
3 ad 4 mm longo; floribus axillaribus, solitariis, sessilibus vel brevissime
. pedicellatis, circiter 2.6 em diametro.
| A glabrous tree about 10 m high. Branches and branchlets terete,
grayish-brown, rather slender. Leaves narrowly oblong-elliptic or nar-
rowly oblong, 15 to 23 cm long, 2 to 4 em wide, narrowed towards both
ends, the base acute, the apex sharply acuminate, subcoriaceous, when
dry shining and somewhat pale; primary nerves about 30 on each side
of the midrib, not prominent, anastomosing, the alternating secondary
nerves frequently nearly as distinct; petioles stout, furfuraceous, 3 to 4
mm long. Flowers yellow, solitary, axillary, sessile or subsessile, about
2.6 cm in diameter. Outer two sepals orbicular-ovate, 7 to 8 mm long,
coriaceous, concave, obtuse, the inner two similar, thinner. Petals oblong-
4 obovate, about 13 mm long, the apex broad, retuse. Stamens indefinite.
Ovary glabrous, 1-celled, 8-ovulate.

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Luzon, Province of Nueva Vizeaya, Amucucan, For. Bur. 14846 Darling, May
13, 1909, along streams at an altitude of about 500 m, locally known as babac.
A species allied to Kayea navesii (F.-Vill.) Vesque, differing especially in its
much shorter petioles and larger flowers. It is probably the species identified
by Vidal as “Ochrocarpus longifolius Thouars ? ,” and of which he figures a leaf
only (Sinopsis Atlas (1883) t. 12, f. E.).

VIOLACEZ.
VIOLA Linn.

*

Viola patrinii Ging. in DC, Prodr. 1 (1824) 293; Hook. f. & Thoms. in Hook.
f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 1 (1872) 183; Forbes & Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 23

(1886) 53.
: Luzon, Province of Cagayan, For. Bur. 17095 Curran: District of Lepanto,
Merrill 4452, 4499: Province of Benguet, Bur. Sci. 5899, 5999 Ramos, For. Bur.

5097, 10940 Curran, Bur. Sci. 247, 2767, 3554 Mearns. Mtnporo, For. Bur.
9771 Merritt. MINDANAO, Lake Lanao, Mrs. Clemens 21, and several unnumbered
specimens: Bokidnon, Worcester.

Ye He To tna Ih a Cr tec! es ee eee
“Y i beyeey s at: ry aa a ere ae om -

NEW OR NOTEWORTHY PHILIPPINE PLANTS, VIII. 201

Not previously reported from the Philippines; India to Amur and Manchuria,
Japan, China and Formosa: reported also from Timor. As in China, the species
is very variable in the Philippines.

Viola diffusa Ging in DC. Prodr. 1 (1824) 293; Forbes & Hemsl. 1. ¢. 52.

Luzon, District of Lepanto, Balili, Merrill 4612, November, 1905, growing in
crevices of rocks on terraces of coffee plantations.

Himalaya and Khasia Mountains to China and Formosa; not previously re-
ported from the Philippines. ;

Viola mearnsii sp. noy.

Planta nana, glabra, acaulis, vix stolonifera, 2 ad 3 cm alta; folis
ovatis vel late cordato-ovatis, acutis vel obtusis, crenatis, membranaceis,
1 ad 1.5 cm longis, basi cordatis; stipulis lineari-lanceolatis, acuminatis,
4 ad 5 mm longis, parce setaceo-dentatis ; bracteolis 2, linearibus, circiter
4 mm longis; floribus albis, circiter 6.5 mm longis, caleare saccato.

A small, glabrous, acaulescent, non-stoloniferous plant 2 to 3 cm high
gr less. Leaves membranaceous, ovate or broadly cordate-ovate, obtuse or
acute, base strongly cordate, the lobes and sinus rounded, margins cre-
nate, 1 to 1.5 cm long, nearly as wide; petioles slender 1 to 1.5 em long;
stipules linear-lanceolate, acuminate, 4 to 5 mm long, slightly setaceous-
dentate. Peduncles about’ 3 cm long, often shorter, slender, glabrous,
bearing above the middle a pair of linear bracts about 4 mm long.
Flowers white, solitary, about 6.5 mm long. Sepals ovate-lanceolate,
acuminate, glabrous, 3 mm long, 3-nerved. Spur ovoid, saccate, 2 mm
long or less.

MINDANAO, Province of Misamis, Mount Malindang, For. Bur. 4625 Mearns &
Hutchinson (type), May, 1906. Two specimens from Luzon are apparently

referable here, Copeland s. n., from Mount Banajao, Province of Laguna, and
Bur. Sci. 4810 Mearns from Pauai, Province of Benguet.

RINOREA Aubl.

Rinorea acuminata sp. nov. § Prothesia.

Arbuscula circiter 2.5 m alta subglabra, ramulis junioribus inflores-
centiisque exceptis; foliis membranaceis vel chartaceis, nitidis, oblongis
vel anguste oblongo-ellipticis, apice valde tenuiter acuminatis, basi acutis,
nervis utrinque circiter 18, prominentibus; cymis axillaribus, brevibus,
ferrugineo-pubescentibus ; staminibus inclusis, antheris liberis.

A shrub about 2.5 m high, the branchlets and inflorescence rather
densely ferruginous-pubescent, the branches gray, ultimately glabrous,
lenticellate. Leaves membranaceous or chartaceous, oblong or narrowly
oblong-elliptic, about 20 cm long, 7 to 8 em wide, shining, glabrous, or
when young with very few hairs beneath, especially on the midrib, the
apex strongly and slenderly sharp-acuminate, base acute, margins sub-
entire, very obscurely glandular-crenate, or very obscurely glandular-
undulate; nerves about 18 on each side of the midrib, prominent, the
reticulations subparallel; petioles pubescent or glabrous, 1 to 1.5 cm
long. Cymes axillary, few-flowered, about as long as the petioles, fer-

=e SP

202 MERRILL.

ruginous-pubescent. Sepals orbicular or orbicular-ovate, rounded, pubes-
cent externally, 5 mm in diameter. Petals glabrous, elliptic-oblong,
glabrous, obtuse, 4.5 mm long, 3 mm wide. Disk 1 mm long, the stamens
inserted on it, included, their filaments 1 mm long; appendage to the
connective orbicular, rounded, 1 mm in diameter, membranaceous, the
anther-cells tipped with a narrow appendage. Ovary pubescent; style
glabrous, 2 mm long.

Cesu, Mount Licos, For. Bur. 6455 Everett, February, 1907, on steep rocky
slopes, altitude 400 m. V., Maupao.

A species very closely allied to Rinorea copelandwi Merr., differing especially
in its nearly glabrous, very strongly acuminate leaves, fewer-flowered cymes, and
somewhat larger flowers.

A specimen from the Catanduanes Islands, For. Bur. 6682 Pray is probably
referable here, differing from the type in its nearly glabrous branchlets.

: COMBRETACE.
TERMINALIA Linn.

Terminalia darlingii sp. nov. § Diptera.

Arbor subglabra circiter 10 m alta; foliis coriaceis, ad apices ramulo-
rum densissime dispositis, anguste oblongo-obovatis, nitidis, apice abrupte
subtruncato-rotundatis, late breviter acuminatis, basi sensim angustatis,
nervis utrinque 12 ad 14, petiolo 1 ad 1.5 em longo; fructibus in spicis
patulis vel reflexis dense dispositis, ellipticis, compressis, 3 cm longis,
2-alatis.

A tree about 10 m high, nearly glabrous throughout. Branches stout,
the ultimate branchlets much thickened at the ends for the upper 6 to 8
em and there up to 1.5 cm in diameter, strongly marked with the scars
of fallen petioles. Leaves densely crowded at the apices of the branch-
lets, coriaceous, yellowish-brown and shining when dry, glabrous, nar-
rowly obovate-oblong, about 20 cm long, about 7 cm wide near the apex,
the tip abruptly subtruncate-rounded and shortly, broadly acuminate,
gradually narrowed from the upper one-fourth or one-fifth to the narrow,
cuneate base; midrib very prominent, the lateral nerves 12 to 14 on each
side of the midrib, prominent, anastomosing; petioles stout, slightly
pubescent with appressed hairs, 1 to 1.5 cm long. Flowers unknown.
Fruiting spikes in the axils of the upper leaves, 3 to 5 or more on each
branchlet, spreading or recurved, about 15 cm long, the peduncles 5 to 7
em long, terete. Fruits very densely disposed, elliptic, about 3 cm long,
2 em wide, strongly compressed, flattened or rounded on one side, trian-
gular-keeled on the other, surrounded by a thin, straw-colored wing nearly
1 em wide, rounded or acute at.the base, apex more or less retuse.

Luzon, Province of Camarines, Mambulao, in forests, altitude about 100
m, For. Bur, 18735 Darling, April 6, 1910.

A very characteristic species, readily recognizable by its crowded leaves which
are narrowly oblong-ovate and gradually narrowed from about the upper one-

NEW OR NOTEWORTHY PHILIPPINE PLANTS, VIII. 203

fourth to the base, and especially by its strongly compressed, 2-winged fruits
which are borne in dense, peduncled, spreading or reflexed spikes. Locally known
to the Negritos as pagatpagat, and to the Tagalogs as malaputat.

MELASTOMATACE.
ASTROCALYX gen. nov.

Calyx dense molliter furfuraceo-setaceus, tubus infundibuliformis ;
limbus 5-lobatus. Petala 5, elliptico-ovata, acuminata, imbricata. Sta-
mina circiter 65, aequalia, filamentis filiformibus, elongatis; antherae
anguste lineari-oblongae, teretae, rectae, basi angustatae, apice suboblique
truncatae, 2-rimosae, connectivo basi nec elongato nec incrassato ecalcarato.
Ovarium calyci adhaerens, 5-loculare; ovula plurima, placentis incras-
satis angulo inferiore loculorum affixa; stylus elongatus, stigmate puncti-
formi. Arbor, ramulis, petiolis, subtus foliis ad nervos, inflorescentiisque —
dense molliter brunneo-furfuraceo-setaceis. Folia opposita, petiolata, in-
tegra, elliptica vel oblongo-elliptica, basi 5-plinervia, nervulis trans-
versalibus numerosis, distinctis. Flores in paniculis terminalibus -dis-
positi, mediocres, minute bibracteolati.

Astrocalyx pleiosandra sp. nov.

Arbor circiter 25 m alta; foliis subcoriaceis, 10 ad 20 cm longis, 3.5
ad 8 cm latis, breviter acuminatis, basi acutis.

A tree about 25 m high. Branches rather slender, terete, glabrous,
light-gray or brownish, the growing parts densely covered with brown,
rather soft, furfuraceous-setaceous indumentum, as are the petioles, inflo-
rescences, and nerves on the under surfaces of the leaves. Leaves opposite,
elliptic to oblong-elliptic, 10 to 20 cm long, 3.5 to 8 cm wide, sub-
coriaceous, entire, the base acute, the apex shortly and rather broadly
blunt-acuminate, the upper surface green or olivaceous when dry, glabrous,
dull or slightly shining, the lower surface of about the same color; lon-
gitudinal nerves 5, the two inner ones leaving the midrib at from 0.5 to
2 cm above the base, extending to the apex, nearly as prominent as the
midrib, the outer pair near the margin, more slender, leaving the midrib
almost at the base of the lamina, scarcely reaching the apex of the leaf,
more or less looped by the anastomoses of the transverse veins ; transverse
veins about 20 between the midrib and the first longitudinal pair of
nerves, distinct, parallel, spreading, alternating with similar nerves be-
tween the first and second pairs of longitudinal nerves; petioles 1 to 3
em long. Inflorescence terminal, 8 to 15 em long, branched at or above
the base, the primary branches 3 to 5 em long, the branches flower-
bearing above the middle. Flowers red, borne in threes on the ultimate
branchlets, the branchlets subtended by a pair of narrowly oblong, 4
mm long bracts, the flowers subtended by a pair of similar but much
smaller bracteoles ; pedicels 3 to 4mm long. Calyx broadly funnel-shaped,
the tube in anthesis 4 mm long, about 7 mm wide, the limb with 5

’

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204 . MERRILL.

lanceolate, thickened, acuminate, 3 mm long lobes or teeth, these teeth
narrow and keeled on the inside. Petals 5, glabrous, in bud strongly
rostrate, imbricate, elliptic-ovate to elliptic-oblong, slightly inequilateral,
acuminate, about 9 mm long, 5 to 6 mm wide. Stamens about 65,
1-seriate, subequal, the filaments slender, more or less coherent below
in five phalanges, some or all ultimately free or nearly so, 7 to 8 mm
long, glabrous; anthers narrowly linear-oblong, terete, straight or nearly
so, erect, in bud inflexed, gradually narrowed to the base, about 5 mm
long, 0.5 mm in diameter, the connective not produced, appendages none,
opening by two terminal slits, each cell prolonged into a 0.5 mm long,
compressed tube, slightly obliquely truncate. Ovary adherent, to the
calyx, 5-celled, the ovules indefinite, on all sides of the thickened
placenta which is attached in the lower inner angle; style elongated,
rather stout, about 12 mm long; stigma 0.5 mm in diameter, punctiform.
Fruit unknown.

Luzon, Province of Camarines, near Daet, For. Bur. 14349 bis Aguilar, July,
1909, in forests near the Maniba River (type): Province of Laguna, Dajican,
Bur. Sci. 8983 Foxworthy, July, 1909, altitude about 300 m.

Aguilar states that the flowers are red, and his specimens bear open flowers;

Foxworthy states that they are greenish-white, but on his specimen the flowers
are not quite mature. The diameter of the trunk is given by Aguilar as 27 em,

‘and by Foxworthy as 25 em.

This new genus belongs in the Astronieae, and is perhaps most closely allied
to the Bornean monotypic genus Plethiandra, It is, however, very different from
that genus and from all others in the tribe and family. Characteristic features are
its prominently 5-lobed star-shaped calyx, and especially its very numerous
stamens, the anthers being slender and gradually narrowed to the base, opening
by two terminal slits, the cells being produced into very short, compressed tubes,
the connectives not produced and in no way appendiculate.

In the entire family the only genera previously known in which numerous
stamens are found are the Bornean Plethiandra, mentioned above, and the Amer-
ican ones Calyptrella and Miconia.

CEPHALOMEDINILLA gen. nov.

Flores 4-meri. Calycis tubus ovoideus, limbus valde 4-lobatus. Petala
anguste oblongo-obovata, leviter inaequiliteralia, rotundata vel subacuta.
Stamina petalorum numero dupla, aequalia; antherae lineari-lanceolatae,
elongatae, apice 1-porosae, connectivo basi non producto, antice bilobo,
postice minute 1-calcarato. Ovarium calycis tubo adhaerens, 4-loculare,
vertice dense pilosum. Ovula in loculis numerosa, placentis prominulis
angulo interiore loculi affixis; stylus elongatus, stigmate punctiformi.
Bacca ignota. Frutex scandens, ramulis foliis junioribus inflorescentiis-
que plus minus dense simpliciter pilosis. Folia opposita, sessilia, valde
inaequalia, integerrima, penninervia. Flores in capitulis axillaribus,
sessilibus, multifloris dispositi, rosei; alabastro in bractea clausa incluso.

4
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NEW OR NOTEWORTHY PHILIPPINE PLANTS, VIII. 205

Cephalomedinilla anisophylla sp. nov.

Frutex scandens circiter 2 m altus; ramis teretibus, griseis, ramulis
foliis junioribus inflorescentiisque plus minus dense pilosis, pilis simpli-
cibus, albis; foliis oppositis, elliptico-oblongis, chartaceis vel submem-
branaceis, acuminatis, sessilibus, valde inaequalibus, majoribus usque ad
15 cm longis, minoribus vix 2.5 em longis; nervis utrinque 4, curvato-
adscendentibus; inflorescentiis capitatis, axillaribus, solitariis, 1.5 ad
2 em diametro, dense multifloris, bracteis numerosis late ovatis involu-
cratis; floribus 4-meris, subsessilibus vel brevissime pedicellatis.

A scandent shrub about 2 m high. Branches ‘terete, rather slender,
glabrous, light-gray, the younger branchlets densely pilose with long,
simple, pale or brownish hairs. Leaves opposite, sessile, elliptic-oblong,
chartaceous or submembranaceous, very unequal, the larger ones of each
pair 12 to 15 em long, 5 to 6 em wide, the smaller ones less than 2.5 cm
long and 1 cm wide, rather prominently acuminate, the base gradually
narrowed, acute or obtuse, the younger ones more or less densely covered
with pilose hairs, becoming quite glabrous; midrib prominent, the four
pairs of lateral nerves leaving the midrib in the lower one-half of the
leaf, the innermost two pairs reaching to the apex, curved-ascending,
the reticulations transverse, distinct, subparallel. Heads solitary, ses-
sile, in the leaf-axils or in the axils of fallen leaves, hemispheric, 1.5 ta
2 cm in diameter, each with from 12 to 20 densely arranged subsessile
flowers, each head subtended by about 10 broadly ovate, membranaceous,
more or less pilose, somewhat acuminate, imbricate, pink or reddish
bracts, 10 to 11 mm long, 8 to 9 mm wide. Flowers 4-merous, pink,
each subtended by two bracteoles, one elliptic-ovate, flat, the other entirely
inclosing the bud, at length splitting down one side and when spread
suborbicular-ovate, about 9 mm in diameter, cleft to the middle into two
elliptic-ovate lobes, the sinus acute, the lobes faintly 3- to 5-nerved,
more or less pilose. Calvx 6 to 7 mm long, ovoid, somewhat narrowed
to the base, very densely pilose with long, soft, simple, white hairs, the
limb 4 mm long, cleft into four narrowly ovate, acute or acuminate, 2.5
to 3 mm long lobes, pilose on both sides. Petals 4, imbricate, thin,
glabrous, 8 to 9 mm long, narrowly oblong-obovate or obovate-sub-
spatulate, much narrowed in the lower one-half, about 4 mm wide, the
apex somewhat inequilateral, rounded or subacute. Stamens 8, equal;
filaments slender, 5 mm long; anthers lanceolate, 4 mm long, somewhat
curved, acuminate, opening by a terminal pore, the connective not at
all produced, the base in front with two short, more or less connate,
somewhat curved, thick lobes less than 1 mm long, and with a small,
0.3 mm long spur behind. Ovary adherent to the calyx, 4-celled, the
top densely pilose with long white hairs; ovules many, the placenta

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206 . MERRILL.

attached to the lower inner angle of each cell; style slender, 9 mm long;
stigma punctiform.

Luzon, Province of Laguna, Dajican, near Paete, Bur. Sci. 8986 Foxworthy,
July 25, 1909, in forests, altitude not given.

This proposed new genus is manifestly closely allied to Medinilla, differing
especially in its produced and prominently 4-lobed calyx-tube and densely pilose
top of the ovary. It differs also from that genus in its dense, hemispherical,
sessile, involucrate heads, and in its buds being entirely inclosed within one of
the bracteoles, the bracteole later splitting and becoming 2-lobed; it also differs
from most of the known species of Medinilla in its very unequal leaves.

MEDINILLA Gaudich.

Medinilla cardiophylla sp. nov.

Species M. myrtiformi simillima et valde affinis, differt foliis paulo
majoribus, basi late rotundatis valde cordatis.

An epiphytic shrub about 1.5 m. high, glabrous throughout. Branches
slender, terete, reddish-brown or grayish. Leaves ovate to ovate-lan-
ceolate, opposite, subcoriaceous, 7 to 10 em long, 3 to 4.5 em wide,
the base broad and rounded, rather strongly cordate, the apex long and
rather slenderly acuminate, the acumen blunt, 5-plinerved, the interior
pair prominent and reaching the apex of the leaf, the outside pair much
fainter and reaching to about the middle of the leaf, the reticulations
very faint or subobsolete; petiole about 1 mm long or almost wanting.
Cymes axillary, solitary, slender, few-flowered, 3 to 5 em long, the
peduncles 3.5 cm long or less, the pedicels slender. Flowers 4-merous. .
Calvx somewhat campanulate, 3 to 3.5 mm long, base narrowed, limb
produced about 1 mm and with four small, distant teeth. Petals 4,
oblong-lanceolate, somewhat acuminate, about 6 mm long, 2.2 mm wide.
Stamens 8, the four longer ones about 6 mm long, the four shorter ones
5 mm long; anthers 3 to 3.5 mm long, lanceolate, straight, the connective
not produced, with a dorsal, stout, broad, 0.5 mm long spur, the front
with two broad, rather obscure auricles. Ovary 4-celled; style about 6
mm long; stigma punctiform. Fruit scarlet, globose, 6 mm in diameter,
crowned by the minute calyx-teeth.

Mindanao, Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley, Mrs. Clemens 861, December, 1906,
in fruit, s.n., September, 1907, in flower (type). Luzon, Province of Albay,
Mount Mayon, Bur. Sci. 6509 Robinson, September 6, 1908, on trees in stream
depressions, altitude 400 m.

A species manifestly very closely allied to Medinilla myrtiformis Triana,
differing in the points stated in the diagnosis. The present species with M.
myrtiformis Triana and M. ramiflora Merr. form a group of closely allied forms
which perhaps have as much the characters of Anplectrum as of Medinilla. Medi-
nilla ramiflora Merr. may not prove to be specifically distinct from the Bornean
Anplectrum homoeandrum Stapf.

Wise he
ee

NEW OR NOTEWORTHY PHILIPPINE PLANTS, VIII. 207

Medinilla cauliflora sp. nov.

Arbuscula circiter 3 m alta, foliis junioribus subtus ad nervos,
ramulisque plus minus plumoso-stellato-tomentosis; foliis oppositis,
membranaceis, acuminatis, elliptico-ovatis, basi angustatis, 5-plinerviis,
breviter petiolatis ; inflorescentiis caulifloris, densissime confertis ; floribus
4-meris, bracteatis, calycibus obscure 4-angulatis, 4-lobatis, lobis 5-7-
nerviis; staminibus 8, admodum inaequalibus, antheris postice longe
calcaratis.

A shrub about 3 m high, the branchlets and the younger leaves on the
midrib and nerves beneath more or less covered with soft, stellate-plumose
hairs. Branches rather slender, grayish, terete or obscurely 4-angled, the
upper axils more or less bearded. ' Leaves opposite, membranaceous, ellip-
tic-ovate, 9 to 15 cm long, 4 to 7.5 em wide, the apex shortly acuminate,
the base narrowed and acute or slightly acuminate; nerves three on each
side of the midrib, leaving it in the lower one-third, curved-ascending, the
innermost pair reaching to the apex, distinct, the transverse reticulations
slender, distant, not prominent; petioles 5 mm long or less, sometimes
subobsolete. Inflorescence on the trunk below the leaves, of very short,
congested branches, forming a compact mass 8 cm in diameter or less, the
branches stout, each bearing many, subdistichous, oblong-ovate, crowded,
9 to 10 mm long: bracts which are acute or obtuse, some empty, some
subtending flowers. Flowers pink or red, 4-merous, glabrous, the pedicels
stout, 4 mm long. Calyx obovoid, becoming more ar less urceolate,
obscurely 4-angled, 6 mm long, constricted below the lmb, the limb
produced, 2.5 to 3 mm long, cleft nearly to its base into four, broadly
ovate, 5- to 7-nerved, apiculate lobes. Petals obovate, 7 to 8 mm long,
4 to 5 mm wide, the apex strongly inequilateral, obliquely truncate,
base narrowed. Stamens 8, the filaments of four about 5 mm long, of
the other four 5.5 mm in length; anthers equal, 3.5 mm long, oblong-
lanceolate, slightly curved, opening by a single terminal pore, the base
with a slender, curved, dorsal spur nearly 2 mm in length, in front with
two stouter, curved auricles less than 1 mm long. Ovary 4-celled, the
lower one-half adherent to the calyx, free above, the top more or less
conical, glabrous; style joined with the ovary, at least 5 mm long; stigma
punctiform. Berry globose, fleshy, pink, 7 to 8 mm in diameter ; seeds in-
definite, 0.7 to 0.8 mm long. .

Negros, Canlaon Voleano, For, Bur. 17397 Curran, September, 1909, in forests
at an altitude of about 1,200 m.

A species well characterized by its dense, cauline inflorescence and its 4-lobed
calyx-limb, the lobes distinctly nerved. It is apparently not very closely allied to
any described species.

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208 | MERRILL.

Medinilla clementis sp. nov.

Frutex glaber ut videtur scandens, ramulis angulatis, valde quadria-
latis; foliis subcoriaceis, oppositis, petiolatis, oblongis, acuminatis, basi
rotundatis vel leviter subcordatis, usque ad 28 cm longis, 7- vel 9-pliner-
viis; inflorescentiis terminalibus, elongatis, bracteis parvis; floribus
5-meris.

A shrub, apparently scandent, glabrous throughout. Branches stout,
4-angled, the angles winged, the wings 2 to 3 mm wide, the nodes setose.
Leaves opposite, oblong, subcoriaceous, somewhat shining, 20 to 28 cm
long, 7 to 11 em wide, the apex acuminate, the base rather broad, rounded,
often somewhat subcordate; nerves 7 or 9, the outer ones basal, the
interior one or two pairs leaving the midrib shortly above the base and
reaching the apex, the reticulations obsolete or nearly so; petioles 2.5
to 3 cm long. Inflorescence terminal, long-peduncled, slender, 25 to
40 cm long, the branches few, short, the bracts 5 to? mm long. Pedicels
about 1 em long. Calyx cup-shaped, about 4 mm long, the limb somewhat
produced, truncate. Petals 5, pink, narrowly obovate, inequilateral,
about 10 mm long, 5 mm wide. Stamens 10, equal, the filaments 6 mm
long; anthers narrowly lanceolate, somewat curved, 6 mm long, the basal
dorsal spur slender, less than 5.5 mm long, the anterior two auricles
stout, about 1 mm long. Style slender, 13 mm long.

Minpanao, Lake Lanao, Sacred Mountain near Camp Keithley, Mrs. Clemens
s. n., July, 1907 (type), and between Camp Keithley and Malabang, Mrs. Glemens
s. n., November, 1906.

A species well characterized by the details given in the diagnosis; it is perhaps

as closely allied to Medinilla teysmanni Miq. as to any other described form, but
is quite different from Miquel’s species.

Medinilla obovata sp. nov.

Frutex epiphyticus, glaber, vel ramulis junioribus plus minus brunneo-
furfuraceis; foliis parvis, verticillatis, ternis vel quarternis, coriaceis,
obovatis, petiolatis, apice late rotundatis vel leviter retusis, vix 3 cm longis,
triplinerviis, reticulis obsoletis; floribus ignotis, ut videtur 6-meris, longe
pedicellatis, solitariis, vel in cymis paucifloris dispositis, axillaribus ;
fructibus urceolatis, limbo calycis producto truneato.

A glabrous epiphytic shrub, or the ultimate branchlets more or less
brown-furfuraceous. ~Branches stout, grayish, terete, the branchlets some-
what quadrangular, the internodes short, mostly less than 1 cm in length,
the nodes not barbellate. Leaves whorled, in threes or fours, coriaceous,
obovate, less than 3 cm long, and less than 1 cm in width, the apex
broadly rounded or somewhat retuse, narrowed below to the cuneate base,
the margins sometimes recurved ; nerves 3 only, the lateral pair leaving
the midrib shortly above the base, the reticulations obsolete ; petioles about
5 mm long. Flowers unknown. Infrutescence axillary, the peduncles
solitary, axillary, about 1 cm long, each bearing a single pedicel as long

NEW OR NOTEWORTHY PHILIPPINE PLANTS, VIII. 209

or longer than the peduncle, the fruits urceolate, about 8 mm long, 6 mm
in diameter, the calyx-limb persistent, truncate, produced about 4 mm,
6-celled.

Necros, Mount Marapara, For. Bur. 17353 Curran, September 11, 1909, epi-
phytic on trees in forests, altitude about 500 m.

Although the specimen is without flowers I have no doubt but that it is
referable to Medinilla, even though the fruits are distinctly 6-celled, indicating
a 6-merous flower, a character uncommon in the genus. It is well characterized
by its comparatively very small leaves which are whorled, petioled, and broadly
obovate, the veins three only, and the reticulations obsolete. The fruits are
solitary, but at the junction of the pedicels with the peduncles are found some
minute scars indicating a few-flowered, probably cymose, or possibly umbellate
inflorescence. Medinilla obovata has much smaller leaves than most of the other
Philippine species of the genus.

Medinilla whitfordii Merr. in Govt. Lab. Publ. (Philip.) 29 (1905) 37.

Carionia triplinervia Rolfe in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 21 (1884) 310; Vid.
Rev. Pl. Vase. Filip. (1886) 136; Cogn. in DC. Monog. Phan. 7 (1891) 571, non
Medinilla triplinervia Cogn.

Luzon, District of Lepanto, Mount Data, For. Bur. 10956 Curran: Province of
Benguet, Pauai, Bur. Sci. 4478 Mearns; Pauai to Baguio, Merrill 4779: Province
of Zambales, Mount Pinatubo, Bur. Sci. 2556 Foaworthy, Provinces of Laguna
and Tayabas, Mount Banajao, Whitford 961 (type of M. whitfordii), Bur. Sci.
6062 Robinson, Bur. Sci. 2888 Foxworthy, For. Bur. 7899 Ourran & Merritt:
Province of Albay, Mount Mayon, Vidal 779 in herb. Kew (type of Carionia trip-
linervia Rolfe), Bur. Sei. 6504 Robinson.

Reéxamination of the type of Medinilla whitfordii Merr. shows that its flowers
are 6-merous instead of 5-merous as originally described, and comparison of
our recently collected Philippine material with the type of Carionia triplinervia
Rolfe at Kew has shown that Medinilla whitfordii Merr. is identical. The
species is to me a Medinilla rather than a Carionia, in spite of its 6-merous
flowers. Carionia is distinguished from Medinilla by its 6-merous flowers and
its spreading 4 to 5 mm long calyx-teeth, but Carionia triplinervia has a truncate
calyx with only very minute teeth, and in all other respects is a typical Medinilla ;
either it must be transferred to Medinilla, or the few species with 6-merous
flowers now placed in Medinilla must be transferred to Carionia. Medinilla has
4- to 6-merous flowers, and it would be just as logical to segregate those species
with 4-merous flowers in one genus, and those with 5-merous flowers into another,
as it would be to refer species like the present with 6-merous flowers but with a
truncate calyx to Carionia. The specific name selected by Mr. Rolfe is invalidated
in Medinilla.

MEMECYLON Bl.

Memecylon sessilifolium sp. nov.

Arbor glabra circiter 16 m alta; ramulis acute tetragonis, angustissime
alatis, crassis; foliis sessilibus, coriaceis, nitidis, usque ad 12 cm longis,
late obtuseque acuminatis, penninerviis, nervis vix distinctis. Fructibus
fasciculatis vel solitariis, pedicellatis, 1 ad 1.5 cm diametro.

A glabrous tree about 16 m high. Branches stout, subterete, covered
with a thin, grayish bark, the branchlets sharply 4-angled, very narrowly
winged on the angles, the wings less than 0.5 mm wide. Leaves sessile,

—

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210 MERRILL.

oblong or narrowly obovate-oblong, firmly coriaceous, yellowish and
shining when dry, 8 to 12 cm long, 3 to 5 cm wide, the apex broadly
and obtusely acuminate, the base subacute, margins recurved; lateral
nerves not distinct, about 25 on each side of the midrib, nearly obsolete
beneath. Flowers unknown. Fruit axillary, solitary or fascicled, sub-
globose, 1 to 1.5 cm in diameter, their peduncles 3 to 4 mm long, 2-celled,
2-seeded.

Luzon, Province of Camarines, Mambulao, For, Bur. 18734 Darling, April 6,
1910, in forests, altitude about 100 m, locally known as madadignay.

A strongly characterized species, probably most closely allied to Memecylon
wightii Thwaites of India and Ceylon.

ARALIACEAE.
SCHEFFLERA Forst.

Schefflera brevipes sp. nov.

Glabra, inflorescentiis sparse puberulis exceptis; foliolis circiter 7, vel
foliorum superiorum 3, oblongis, coriaceis, integris, apice subrotundatis,
usque ad 20 longis; petiolo vix 1 cm longo; paniculis terminalibus, ramis
racemoso-dispositis inferioribus usque ad 30 em longis; umbellulis race-
moso-dispositis, breviter pedunculatis, 8- ad 12-floris; floribus breviter
pedicellatis, 5-meris.

A glabrous, erect or subscandent shrub. Branches rather stout, the
ultimate ones about 1 cm in diameter, glabrous. Leaves alternate, the
petioles stout, very short, on the material available none exceeding 1 cm
in length, inflated and clasping at the base; leaflets about 7, in the
uppermost leaves sometimes only 3, oblong, coriaceous, 15 to 20 em long,
6.5 to 8 cm wide, entire, upper surface shining, the lower dull, the apex
mostly broad and rounded, rarely broadly and obtusely acuminate, the
base acute or somewhat decurrent-acuminate; lateral nerves about 20,
distinct, anastomosing, not much more prominent than are the secondary
ones and the primary reticulations; petiolules 5 to 8 em long. Panicles
terminal, the common rachis about 30 cm long, all parts slightly puber-
ulent, becoming glabrous or nearly so, the branches alternate, spreading
or ascending, the lower ones 30 cm long. Umbels numerous, mostly
scattered, racemosely arranged along the primary branches, each with
from 8 to 12 flowers, the peduncles 3 to 4 mm long, puberulent, the
pedicels usually about 2 mm long. Flowers 5-merous. Calyx obconic,
truncate, about 2 mm long and the same diameter at the apex. Petals
5.2 mm long, base 2 mm wide, cohering by their apices and falling as a
whole. Stamens 5; filaments 2.5 mm long; anthers 1 mm long. Ovary
5-celled.

Luzon, Province of Isabela, Cabojan River, Yor. Bur. 18545 Alvarez, March 21,

1909.
A species well characterized by its oblong, coriaceous, ample, entire leaflets,

“AI ENT tei ee ee

NEW OR NOTEWORTHY PHILIPPINE PLANTS, VIII. 211

and especially by its very short petioles. Similar in some respects to Sche/flera
clementis Merr., of Mindanao, but with more slender branches which are not
covered with bracts, differently shaped leaflets, and short petioles.

Schefflera leytensis sp. nov.

Glabra; foliis longe petiolatis, foliolis circiter 8, ellipticis vel oblongo-
ellipticis, usque ad 14 cm longis, basi rotundatis, apice abrupte subcaudato-
acuminatis, margine integris; floribus 5-meris, in umbellulis longe
pedunculatis dispositis, umbellulis racemoso-dispositis ; ovario 10-loculare.

Glabrous throughout. Stems unknown. Leaves long-petioled, the
petioles at least 20 cm in length; leaflets about 8, elliptic or oblong-
elliptic, coriaceous, glabrous, shining on both surfaces when dry, 10 to
14 cm long, 4.5 to 7 cm wide, entire, the margins reflexed, the apex
abruptly subcaudate-acuminate, acumen 2 cm long or less, base rounded ;
nerves 10 to 12 on each side of the midrib, spreading, anastomosing, the
reticulations lax; petiolules 4 to 5 cm long. Inflorescence (or partial
inflorescence?) about 40 cm long, the rachis stout, dark-colored when
dry, the umbels racemosely disposed, their peduncles about 4 cm long,
about 30 on each inflorescence or branch. Flowers 5-merous, about
25 in each umbel, their pedicels 3 to 5 mm long. Calyx cup-shaped, 3
mm long, truncate. Petals 5, oblong-ovate, about 4 mm long, coherent
by their apices and falling as a whole. Stamens 5; filaments 4 mm long ;
anthers 2 to 2.2 mm long. Ovary 10-celled; stigma conic, less than 1
mm long.

Leyte, central divide, altitude about 1,150 m, For. Bur. 16904 Rosenbluth,
February, 1909.

ERICACEA.

DIPLYCOSIA Blume.

Diplycosia parvifolia sp. nov.

Frutex parvus epiphyticus vix 1 m altus, ramulis junioribus plus minus
setosis; foliis coriaceis, nitidis, ellipticis vel elliptico-oblongis, basi acutis,
apice acutis vel leviter acuminatis, 1 ad 2.5 cm longis, subtus glanduloso-
punctatis, nervis lateralibus obsoletis, basi interdum obscure triplinerviis ;
floribus paucis, axillaribus, solitariis, pedicellatis, calycis segmentis minute
ciliatis.

A small, epiphytic, erect shrub less than 1m high, diffusely branched,
the branches slender, glabrous, brown, slightly striate, terete, the branch-
lets with scattered slender, brown, more or less appressed, setose hairs.
Leaves coriaceous, elliptic to elliptic-oblong, 1 to 2.5 cm long, 1 em wide
or less, entire, the base acute, the apex acute or slightly acuminate,
glabrous and shining when dry, but the margins of the younger leaves
more or less ciliate-setose, the lower surface with scattered, dark-colored,
small glands ; midrib distinct, the lateral nerves and reticulations obsolete,
the base sometimes very obscurely triplinerved ; petioles about 2 mm long,

:
:

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212 | MERRILL.

glabrous. Flowers axillary, solitary, few, their pedicels setose, up to 7
mm in length, the corolla unknown, basal bract minute, less than 1 mm
long, the apex of the pedicel with two orbicular-ovate bracteoles about 1.5
mm in diameter. Calyx glabrous except the slightly ciliate margins of the
lobes, accrescent, the lobes just after anthesis ovate, acuminate, about 2
mm long; style persistent, 2 mm long.

Neeros, Canlaon Volcano, on mossy trunks in forests at an altitude of about
1,500 m, Merrill 6995, April, 1910.

A species well characterized by its senoaneiarela small leaves, the lateral
nerves obsolete except sometimes the very faint subbasal pair.

MYRSINACE.
ARDISIA Sw.

Ardisia biflora sp. nov. § Akosmos,

— Arbuscula glabra usque ad 3 m alta; foliis petiolatis, oblongis vel

- lanceolato-oblongis, integris, chartaceis, valde acuminatis, subtus valde

glanduloso-punctatis, in sicco nitidis, pallidis; inflorescentiis axillaribus,
solitariis, tenuibus, bifloris, quam folia multo brevioribus; sepalis petalis-
que valde glanduloso-punctatis.

A shrub 1 to 3 m high, glabrous; branches and branchlets slender,
terete, gray or brownish. Leaves alternate, oblong to oblong-lanceolate,
chartaceous, pale and shining when dry, entire, 4 to 8 cm long, 1 to 2.5
em wide, the apex strongly acuminate, the base cuneate, the lower surface
very strongly and densely glandular-punctate; nerves about 10 on each
side of the midrib, not prominent, slender, anastomosing, the secondary
ones nearly as prominent; petioles slender, about 5 mm long. Inflores-
cence axillary, solitary, slender, the peduncle 6 to 10 mm long, bearing
at its apex two flowers, their pedicels 6 to 8 mm in length. Flowers
greenish-white, tinged with pink, .5-merous, hermaphrodite. Sepals
reniform-ovate, less than 1 mm long, united for the lower third, strongly
glandular-punctate, scarcely overlapping, spreading, rounded, the margins
minutely ciliate. Petals elliptic-ovate, acute, 3.5 to 4 mm long, prom-
inently glandular-punctate throughout, the tube about 0.5 mm _ long.
Anthers 2 mm long, oblong-ovoid, minutely apiculate, glandular on the
back, the filaments very short. Ovary ovoid, apparently with few (one?)
ovules; style 2 mm long. Fruit globose, glandular, about 5 mm in
diameter.

Luzon, Province of Zambales, Mount Tapulao, in exposed ridge-forests, altitude
about 1,400 m, Bur. Sci. 5073 Ramos (type), For. Bur. 8110 Curran & Merritt,
December, 1907.

A species apparently belonging in the section Akosmos, strongly characterized
by its slender, axillary, 2-flowered inflorescences; the apparently l-ovuled ovary

is suggestive of Discocalya#, but in all other characters the species is unmistakably
an Ardisia.

ye NES ee eet ere a Pee PO By ea OD ee

NEW OR NOTEWORTHY PHILIPPINE PLANTS, VIII. 213

Ardisia clementis Elm. Leafl. Philip. Bot. 2 (1910) 665. § Tinopsis.

Arbor vel arbuscula, inflorescentiis exceptis glabra; foliis elliptico-
oblongis vel elliptico-ovatis, chartaceis vel subcoriaceis, acuminatis, glan-
dulis manifestis destitutis, nervis utrinque circiter 14, subtus prominen-
tibus; paniculis terminalibus quam folia brevioribus, bipinnatim com-
positis ; floribus brevissime racemosis vel subumbellatis ; sepalis imbricatis,
integris, rotundatis, margine cillatis.

A tree or shrub, glabrous except the inflorescence which is somewhat
brown-pubescent or puberulent. Branches terete, gray or brownish.
Leaves alternate, elliptic-oblong to elliptic-ovate, chartaceous or sub-
coriaceous, 11 to 25 cm long, 4 to 9 cm wide, entire, the apex acute or
acuminate, the base cuneate, dull or slightly shining when dry; nerves
about 14 on each side of the midrib, beneath distinct, anastomosing,
the reticulations rather fine; petioles stout, about 1 cm long. Panicles
terminal, about 10 cm long, the lower branches about 4 cm long, usually
spreading, the upper ones shorter, each branch bearing from 5 to 7
flowers near the apex, subumbellately arranged or in a short raceme
the pedicels about 1 cm long, slightly acerescent in fruit. Calyx about
5 mm in diameter, the lobes broadly ovate, rounded, overlapping to the
right, glandular-punctate, margins ciliate, united for the lower one-third.
Petals elliptic-ovate, obtuse, about 7 mm long, 5 mm wide, slightly
glandular-punctate in the upper one-half, the tube about 1 mm long.
Anthers narrowly ovoid, slightly apiculate, 4 mm long, the median
portion of the back with few, rather large glands. Ovary glabrous;
style about 4.5 mm long, not exserted in bud. Fruit globose, slightly
longitudinally striate when dry, about 6 mm in diameter.

MINDANAO, Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley, Mrs. Olemens 231, 889, and s. n.
(type), February, 1906, March, 1907, and January, 1907.

Ardisia confertiflora sp. nov. § J'inus.

Arbor parva, usque ad 5 m alta, glabra; foliis ut videtur plus minus
succulentis, in sicco chartaceis vel submembranaceis, oblongo-obovatis,
vel obovatis, apice rotundatis, basi cuneatis, nervis lateralibus obscuris;
inflorescentiis axillaribus, racemosis, floribus in tertia superiore parte
plus minus dense dispositis; sepalis glandulosis, emarginatis, margine
minute ciliatis.

A small tree reaching a height of 5 m, glabrous. Branches and
branchlets rather stout, terete, brownish. Leaves somewhat crowded
on the younger branchlets, when fresh apparently somewhat thick and.
succulent, when dry chartaceous or submembranaceous, dull or slightly
shining, obovate or narrowly obovate, 6 to 10 em long, 2.5 to 5 em long,

, entire, the apex broad, rounded, narrowed from the upper one-third or

one-half to the cuneate base, the lower surface minutely puncticulate ;
nerves obscure, about 13 on each side of the midrib, very slender, some-

er een el a

214 MERRILL.

times nearly obsolete ; petioles'5 mm long or less. Racemes in the upper
axils, solitary, stout, 5 to 10 em long, only the upper third flower-bearing,
this portion of the rachis densely covered with scars and pedicels, the
latter 1 to 2 cm long. Flowers pink or purplish, 5-merous, comparatively
large. Calyx about 8 mm in diameter, the lobes united for the lower
one-third or one-half, about 3 mm wide, elliptic-ovate or ovate, apex
slightly emarginate, all parts densely glandular, the margins minutely
ciliate. Corolla-tube about 2 mm long, the lobes ovate or broadly
oblong-ovate, about 13 mm long, 7 mm wide, somewhat acuminate, the
acumen obtuse, glandular-punctate. Anthers about 6.5 mm long, slightly
apiculate-acuminate, with few large glands on the back, the cells not
septate or rugose, the filaments about 2 mm long. Ovary ovoid; style
about 1 em long, obscurely glandular. Fruit globose or depressed-
globose, about 8 mm in diameter, violet when mature, said to be edible.

BATANES ISLANDS, Batan, Santo Domingo de Basco, Bur. Sci. 3589 Fénia
(type), Bur, Sci. 3214, 3216 Mearns. BapuyANes ISLANDS, Fuga, Bur. Sci. 3245
Mearns.

This species is manifestly allied to Ardisia humilis Vahl, A. botssieri A. DC.,
and A. littoralis Andr., but is at once distinguishable from all by its racemosely
disposed flowers, these being crowded along the upper one-third of the racemes
and not umbellately arranged at the ends of the branches. Other distinguishing
characters are its comparatively large flowers and its emarginate sepals. The
material on which the above species is based, was previously referred by me to
Ardisia humilis Vahl.2 Local name pain.

_ Ardisia curranii sp. nov. § Tinopsis.

Arbor glabra, circiter 15 m alta; foliis pseudoverticillatis, coriaceis,
oblongis vel late oblongo-lanceolatis, breviter acuminatis, nervis num-
crosis, patulis, vix distinctis; paniculis terminalibus, quam folia multo
longioribus; sepalis pubescentibus, punctatis, margine ciliatis; ovario
puberulo. ;

A glabrous tree about 15 m high. Branches terete, striate, light-gray,
rather stout. Leaves alternate, somewhat pseudo-verticillately crowded
at the apices of the branchlets, oblong to broadly oblong-lanceolate,
coriaceous, brown when dry, entire, 15 to 20 cm long, 5 to 7 cm wide,
dull or slightly shining, the apex shortly and broadly acuminate, the
base somewhat decurrent-acuminate, scarcely glandular-punctate, or very
minutely and obscurely so; nerves 25 to 30 on each side of the midrib,
obscure, spreading, scarcely anastomosing, the reticulations obsolete ;
petioles 2.5 to 3 cm long. Panicles terminal, about 30 cm long, somewhat
narrowly pyramidal, the lower branches 15 cm in length, the flowers
racemosely disposed on the ultimate branchlets, their pedicels 1: to 2 cm

long. Calyx about 4.5 mm in diameter, ferruginous-pubescent outside,

®This Journal 3 (1908) Botany 425.

NEW OR NOTEWORTHY PHILIPPINE PLANTS, VIII. 215

glabrous within, the lobes ovate, rounded, united for about one-half
their length, their margins ciliate, glandular-punctate. Petals ovate,
7 to 8 mm long, about 4 mm wide, glabrous, glandular-punctate, acu-
minate, the tube short. Anthers lanceolate-ovoid, 5 mm long, the
apex long-apiculate-acuminate, the median portion of the back dis-
{inctly glandular, the filaments very short. Ovary ovoid, minutely
ferruginous-puberulent ; style about 4 mm long. Fruit globose or de-
pressed-globose, 6 to 7 mm in diameter, glabrous, minutely apiculate.

Luzon, Province of Camarines, near Lupi, in forests, altitude about 100 m,
For. Bur. 10760 Curran, July 11, 1908.

Ardisia darlingii sp. nov. § Tinopsis.

Arbor glabra circiter 20 m alta; foliis oblongis vel anguste oblongo-
obovatis, chartaceis vel subcoriaceis, nitidis, minutissime obscureque
puncticulatis, apice rotundatis, obtusis vel obscure late acuminatis, basi
cuneatis, margine recurvatis; inflorescentiis terminalibus axillaribusque,
corymboso-paniculatis ; sepalis glandulosis, margine ciliato-pubescentibus.

A tree about 20m high, glabrous. Branches terete, grayish-brown,
rather stout. Leaves alternate, somewhat crowded on the younger branch-
lets, oblong or narrowly oblong-obovate, entire, 7 to 11 cm long, 1.5
to 3.5 em wide, shining, chartaceous or subcoriaceous, the apex rounded,
obtuse, or broadly and obscurely acuminate, narrowed from about the
middle to the cuneate base, the margins recurved, the lower surface very
minutely and obscurely glandular-puncticulate; nerves about 15 on each
side of the midrib, not prominent, obscurely anastomosing, the reticula-
tions lax, obscure or subobsolete; petioles about 1 cm long. Inflorescence
terminal and in the upper axils, corymbose-paniculate 10 cm long-or less,
the lower branches of the terminal panicles about 5 cm long, the upper ones
shorter, each branch bearing at. its apex a congested raceme or umbel of
from 5 to 10 flowers, the pedicels unequal in length, each subtended by an
oblong or oblong-ovate, obtuse bracteole about 3.5 mm long, 2 mm wide, the
pedicels 3 to 12 mm long. Sepals elliptic-ovate, about 3 mm long, 2.5
mm wide, rounded, entire, slightly united at the base, overlapping, dis-
tinctly glandular-punctate with small reddish glands, the margins ciliate-
pubescent. Petals about 4.5 mm long, 3 mm wide, free or nearly so, acute
or obscurely acuminate, obscurely glandular-punctate. Anthers oblong-
ovate, apiculate-acuminate, 2.5 mm long, obscurely glandular on the back,
the filaments very short. Ovary glabrous; style 2 mm long.

Luzon, Province of Abra, near Bacog, in mountain forests, altitude about
1,800 m, For. Bur. 14611 Darling, February 9, 1909 (type); Tue, altitude about
1,300 m, For. Bur. 14601 Darling.

Somewhat remotely allied to Ardisia lanceolata Roxb., but very different from
that species.

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216 MERRILL.

Ardisia diffusa sp. nov. § Acrardisia.

Arbuscula vel arbor glabra; foliis chartaceis vel subcoriaceis, acumin-
atis, brevissime petiolatis, integris, subtus prominente verrucoso-glandu-
losis; paniculis terminalibus, amplis, diffusis, quam folia multo longio-
ribus, pyramidatis; floribus umbellulatis, longissime pedicellatis, 5-meris,
sepalis petalisque glandulosis.

An erect, glabrous shrub or tree, the branches terete, reddish-brown.
Leaves alternate, scattered, elliptic-oblong, chartaceous or subcoriaceous,
brown and somewhat shining when dry, entire, 7 to 9 cm long, 3 to 5 cm
wide, the apex shortly and sharply acuminate, the base acute, the lower
surface with numerous, scattered, verrucose ‘glands; nerves 15 to 20 on
each side of the midrib, not prominent, anastomosing, the reticulations
lax; petiole stout, 2 to 3 mm long. Panicles terminal, pyramidal,
reaching a length of 20 em, the branches alternate, spreading, the lower
ones 9 cm long, the upper ones gradually shorter, the secondary branches
slender, 1.5 to 2.5 em long, racemosely arranged on the primary ones,
each bearing at its apex from 3 to 7 long-pedicelled, ymbellately arranged
flowers, the pedicels slender, 1 to 2 cm long. Calyx about 4 mm in
diameter, the lobes 5, oblong or oblong-ovate, obtuse, entire, about 1.6
mm long, somewhat united at the base, spreading in anthesis, not at all
imbricate, prominently glandular-punctate with large glands, the margins
ciliate. Petals oblong-ovate, 6 to 7 mm long, about 3 mm wide, united
for about the lower 1.5 mm, the apex prominently acuminate, with few
large, scattered glands in the upper one-half. Anthers 4.5 mm long,
prominently acuminate, cordate at the base, with few glands along the
median portion of the back, the filaments 1.5 to 2 mm long. Ovary
ovoid, glabrous; style about 5 mm long.

Mrinpanao, Province of Misamis, Calagan, on the route to Mount Malindang,
For. Bur. 4759 Mearns & Hutchinson, May, 1906.

A species most closely allied to Ardisia gardneri, A. divergens, and A. ceyla-
nica, but abundantly distinct from all. It is well characterized by its ample,
pyramidal, rather lax panicles, long-peduncled umbels and long-pedicelled flowers.

Ardisia lanceolata Roxb. Hort. Beng. (1814) 85, nomen nudum, FI. Ind. ed.
Carey & Wall. 2 (1824) 275, ed. Carey 1 (1832) 583; Mez in Engl. Pflanzenreich
9 (1902) 122.

Ardisia purpurea Reinw. in Bl. Bijdr. (1826) 684.

MINDANAO, District of Zamboanga, Tetuan, Ahern 596.

Not previously reported from the Philippines; Malay Peninsula, Java, Suma-
tra, Borneo, and Celebes.

Ardisia littoralis Andr. Repos. 10 (1811) ¢. 630; Gamble in Journ. As. Soc.
Beng. 74? (1905), Extra Number, 135.

Ardisia humilis Mez in Engl. Pflanzenreich 9 (1902) 127, fig. 20, A—E, not of
Vahl, or in part only.

LUBANG, Merrill 968. SeEMERARA, Merrill 4160.

This species is apparently a coast shrub only, from 1 to 3 or 4 m in height.
Mr. Gamble has kindly supplied me the following additional information regard-

NEW OR NOTEWORTHY PHILIPPINE PLANTS, VIII. 217

ing the separation of this form from Ardisia humilis: “Ardisia humilis Vahl is
a Ceylon coast shrub which is endemic there and does not extend to the Malay
Peninsula. The figures A—E on page 128 of Mez’s monograph are Climacandra
obovata=Ardisia littoralis Andr. which has septate anthers, which A. humilis has
not. The authors of the “Flora of British India” have mixed up A. humilis and
A, solanacea Roxb., which is quite a different plant, almost a tree and of inland
forests, and Mez has correctly separated them, but he has incorrectly put together
A. humilis Vahl and A. littoralis Andr.”

Ardisia littoralis Andr. is apparently rare in the Philippines, but.we have
several very closely allied forms, at least one of which is abundant and widely
distributed in the Archipelago.

Malay Peninsula and Archipelago, southern China, and the Philippines.

Ardisia boissieri A. DC. in DC. Prodr. 8 (1844) 129; Mez in Engl. Pflanzen-
reich 9 (1902) 129.

This species is very common and widely distributed in the Philippines, extend-
ing from northern Luzon to southern Mindanao, a tree of the hill forests at low
and medium altitudes ascending to at least 600 m in some localities; it reaches
a height of 15 m in some regions, and is not a seacoast plant. It is very similar
in all superficial characters to A. littoralis Andr., but can usually be at -once
distinguished by its anthers being prominently glandular on the back, and not
transversely septate. What I take to represent this species comprises about 80
specimens in this herbarium, from all parts of the Philippines, which have, for
most part, been identified as Ardisia humilis Vahl, many of them so named by
Doctor Mez. It is very probable that some of the extra-Philippine specimens
cited by Mez under Ardisia humilis, should be referred to A. boissieri, and it is
likewise very probable that this name will not prove to be the oldest one.

Ardisia pirifolia Mez 1. c._ 129.

This species, the type of which I have examined in the Berlin Herbarium, is
distinguishable from A. boissieri only by the most trivial characters; in all
respects except in having the sepals minutely emarginate, it is quite the same
as A. boissieri. The type was from Polillo, not from Luzon, and the species is
represented by Bur. Sci. 9292 Robinson, from the same island, Merrill 1101, from
Baler, Province of Tayabas, Luzon, and apparently also by Elmer 5645 from the
Province of Union, Luzon, the latter so identified by Doctor Mez. The sepals are
not always glabrous, but are usually more or less ciliate on the margins; the

- only character left for specific separation of this form from A. boissieri is the

very trivial one of the emarginate (very slightly) sepals.

Ardisia verrucosa Presl Rel. Haenk. 2 (1835) 65; Mez 1. ¢. 134.

This species is also manifestly closely allied to, and perhaps not specifically
distinct from Ardisia boissieri A. DC. Mez distinguishes it especially by its 2-
flowered umbels, but Pres] describes it as having from 2- to 5-flowered umbels,
and one of the original specimens, in the Prague Herbarium, which I have
examined, shows at least 5 flowers. Doctor Mez examined the specimen of the
original collection preserved in the Vienna Herbarium.

Ardisia macgregorii sp. nov. § Tinus.

Arbuscula glabra, circiter 1 m alta; foliis lanceolatis, obtusis, coriaceis,
subtus minute dense puncticulatis, nervis reticulisque densis, obscuris ;
inflorescentiis axillaribus, solitariis, simplicibus, fructibus subumbellatim
dispositis.

218 MERRILL.

A glabrous shrub about 1 m high. Branches terete, brown, glabrous.
Leaves coriaceous, brown and somewhat shining when dry, lanceolate,
8 to 10 em long, 1 to 1.5 cm wide, gradually narrowed at both ends,
the apex blunt, the base cuneate, the margins entire, somewhat recurved,
the lower surface minutely and densely puncticulate; nerves numerous,
obscure, densely disposed, the reticulations also obscure; petioles 1 cm
long or less. Inflorescence axillary, solitary, much shorter than the
leaves, the peduncles about 2 cm long. Flowers unknown. Fruits
umbellately disposed at the apices of the peduncles, their pedicels 1 to 1.5
cm long,’4 or 5 at the apex of each peduncle. Persistent calyx about 5
mm in diameter, the lobes ovate, rounded, glabrous or nearly so, glandular-
punctate, united for about one-half their length. Fruit globose, about 5
mm in diameter. |

CrBu, near Toledo, Bur. Sci. 1722 McGregor, October 28, 1906.

A species manifestly allied to Ardisia humilis Vahl, and A. boissieri A. DC,
distinguishable by its narrow, lanceolate leaves.

Ardisia mindorensis sp. nov. § Pyrgus.

Species A. grandidenti Mez similis, sed differt petiolo multo breviori,
dentibus minoribus, a A. serrata (Cay.) A. DC. differt inflorescentiis
plus minus dense ferrugineo-tomentosis, foliis subtus parce pubescentibus.

A shrub 3 to 5 m high. Branches terete, brown or grayish, striate,
usually rather thick, glabrous, the branchlets often ferruginous-pubescent.
Leaves pseudo-verticillately crowded at the apices of the branchlets, sub-

‘ tending the terminal panicles, elliptic-ovate to elliptic-lanceolate, char-
taceous, 9 to 18 cm long, 3 to 6 em wide, gradually narrowed towards
both ends, the base acute, rarely somewhat obtuse, the apex rather
prominently acuminate, margins distinctly and irregularly serrate-dentate,
the teeth rather small, the upper surface glabrous and shining, or the
midrib and nerves slightly puberulent, beneath also shining and distinctly

. ferruginous-tomentose on the midrib and primary nerves, obscurely

glandular-punctate ; nerves 12 to 15 on each side of the midrib, elevated *

and very prominent on the lower surface, curved-ascending, anastomosing,
the reticulations rather distinct; petioles 3 to 7 mm long, ferruginous-
tomentose, ultimately nearly glabrous. Panicles terminal, pyramidal,

6 to 13 em long, the rachis, branches and branchlets densely ferruginous-

tomentose, the primary branches spreading, the lower ones often 5 em
long, the upper ones shorter, the secondary branches mostly in the upper

half of the primary ones, each bearing from 5 to 7 flowers arranged in a

condensed raceme or subumbellate, the pedicels ferruginous-tomentose,

9 to 12mm long. Calyx-lobes broadly triangular-ovate, acute, about 1.5

mm long and wide, imbricate, pubescent, the margins prominently ciliate,

glandular-punctate. Petals ovate, 5 mm long, 3 mm wide, acute or

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‘NEW OR NOTEWORTHY PHILIPPINE PLANTS, VIII. 219

obscurely acuminate, with few, scattered, comparatively large glands.
Anthers 2.5 mm long, apiculate, not glandular. Ovary ovoid, ferru-
ginous-puberulent; style about 5 mm long. Fruit globose, black-purple
when mature, somewhat fleshy, about 7 mm in diameter.

Mrnporo, Mount Haleon, in forests, altitude about 1,800 m, Merrill 5679, 5732,
6145 (type), November, 1906, For. Bur. 4342 Merritt; Mount Irauan, For. Bur.
8728 Merritt, January, 1908, altitude about 1,300 m; Mount Sablayan, For. Bur.
11012 Merritt, March, 1908, altitude about 970 m; mountains back of Abra de
llog, For. Bur, 8793 Merritt, January, 1908, altitude 500 m.

As noted above, this species is closely allied to Ardisia grossedentata Mez,
differing in its much shorter petioles. It bears much the same relationship to
that species as does A. curtipes Merr. to A. serrata (Cav.) A. DC. It is distin-
guished from H. serrata var. brevipetiolata Merr. by its ferruginous tomentum and
differently shaped leaf-bases.

Ardisia oblongifolia sp. nov. § Stylardisia.

Arbor vel frutex erecta, ramulis, foliis junioribus subtus, inflorescen-
tiisque minute brunneo-puberulis; foliis oblongis vel oblongo-lanceolatis,
chartaceis, acuminatis, petiolatis, alternis; paniculis terminalibus, quam
folia brevioribus, ramis divaricatis, paucis.

An erect shrub or tree. Branches terete, light-gray or brownish, the
younger ones brown-puberulent. Leaves alternate, scattered, oblong to
oblong-lanceolate, 11 to 18 cm long, 2.5 to 5 cm wide, chartaceous, entire,
dull or slightly shining when dry, the apex rather gradually and sharply
acuminate, the base acute, beneath, when young, somewhat ferruginous-
puberulent becoming glabrous, not manifestly glandular-punctate ; nerves
up to 18 on each side of the midrib, not very prominent, often obscure ;
petioles 5 to 7 mm long. Panicles terminal, pyramidal, 10 cm long
or less, the branches few, alternate, divaricately spreading, the lower
ones 3 to 4 em long, the rachis, branches and branchlets puberulent
with dark-brown hairs. Flowers subumbellately disposed, the umbels
peduncled and racemosely arranged on the primary panicle-branches, the
peduncles about 5 mm long, sometimes less, the pedicels slender, 2 to 3
mm long. Calyx about 3 mm in diameter, the five lobes ovate, obtuse,
about 1.5 mm long, glandular-punctate, the margins minutely puberulent.
Petals ovate, nearly free, acute, 3.5 mm long, 2.5 mm wide, not at all
glandular-punctate. Anthers 3 mm long, not glandular. Ovary gla-
brous; style 3.5 to 5 mm long, often exserted before anthesis.

Minpvanao, Lake Lanao, Mrs. Clemens 779 (type), from between Malabang and
Camp Keithley, November, 1906, and three sheets without number from Camp
Keithley.

Most of the flowers do not have the styles exserted, but a few of them on
the type specimen have the styles decidedly exserted, hence the species is placed
in the § Stylardisia. In might, with almost equal propriety, be placed in the

§ Akosmos.

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220 MERRILL.

Ardisia palawanensis sp. nov. § Pyrgus.

Arbuscula circiter 1.5 m alta; foliis petiolatis, oblongo-oblanceolatis
vel late oblongo-lanceolatis, chartaceis, irregulariter serratis, subtus ad
costa plus minus pubescentibus, valde glanduloso-punctatis; floribus
5-meris, sepalis petalisque ferrugineo-villosis, plus minus punctatis; ovario
villoso.

A shrub about 1.5 m high. Branches terete, brownish, pubescent.
Leaves pseudo-verticillate at the nodes and subtending the inflorescence,
normal leaves also subtending each, or most of the panicle-branches,
oblong-oblanceolate or broadly oblong-lanceolate, chartaceous, shining
when dry, 14 to 20 cm long, 3.5 to 7 cm wide, somewhat pubescent on the
midrib on both surfaces, the apex obscurely and bluntly acuminate, the
base gradually narrowed, cuneate, margins entire near the base, in the
upper one-half or two-thirds irregularly serrate, the under surface dis-
tinctly and rather densely glandular-punctate; nerves 9 to 12 on each
side of the midrib, beneath very distinct, anastomosing ; petioles pubescent,
1 cm long or less. Inflorescence terminal, subtended by a whorl of leaves,
the rachis about 15 cm long, and with the branches and pedicels more or
less densely brown-pubescent, the branches alternate, spreading, simple,
most of them subtended by a normal leaf, the lower ones 6 cm long, the
upper gradually shorter, each bearing at the somewhat swollen apex from
* to 5 subumbellately disposed flowers, and with numerous scars of fallen
pedicels, each flower subtended by an oblong, pubescent bracteole about 5
mm in length. Pedicels about 1.5 cm long, ferruginous-villous. Sepals
5, broadly ovate, acute or shortly acuminate, about 5 mm long, 3.5 mm
wide, accrescent and 6 to 7 mm in length, densely ferruginous-villous,
margins strongly villous-ciliate, glandular-punctate. Petals nearly free,
elliptic-ovate, about 6 mm long, 4 mm wide, obtuse, slightly pubescent,
glandular only in the median part of the upper one-half. Anthers 3.5
mm long, not glandular, apiculate-acuminate, their filaments nearly 2
mm long. Ovary globose, ferruginous-pubescent; style glabrous, 5 mm
long. Immature fruits globose, somewhat ferruginous-pubescent, inclosed
by the somewhat accrescent calyx-lobes.

PALAWAN, about 3 miles northeast of Puerto Princesa, For. Bur. 3518 Curran,
January 19, 1906, an undershrub in flat forests.

As species undoubtedly belonging in the section Pyrgus in spite of the normal
leaves subtending the panicle-branches, the whole inflorescence subtended by a
whorl of leaves. It is apparently most closely allied to Ardisia grandidens Mez,

but is very different from that species. The ferruginous-pubescent or villous
panicles, pedicels, sepals, petals, and immature fruits are characteristic.

Ardisia reptans sp. nov. § Bladhia. :

Suffruticosa, caulis reptans, ramulis foliiferis erectis vel ascendentibus,
brevibus, densissime ferrugineo-tomentosis; foliis ternato-pseudoverticil-
latis, ellipticis vel ovato-ellipticis, membranaccis, acutis vel obtusis, basi
rotundatis, obscure punctatis, margine prominente distanter serrulatis,

NEW OR NOTEWORTHY PHILIPPINE PLANTS, VIII. 2?1

nervis utrinque circiter 5, subtus prominentibus ; inflorescentiis axillaribus,
solitariis, tenuibus, paucifloris, foliis subaequalibus vel brevioribus.

A suffrutescent plant, the stems creeping or prostrate, rooting, striate,
glabrous or nearly so, slender, brown, the erect leaf-bearing branches
densely pubescent with dark-brown, crisped hairs, these branches less
than 20 cm high, often some roots appearing above the lowermost leaves.
Leaves pseudo-verticillate, in threes, their petioles 5 mm long or less,
densely crisped-tomentose, the lamina membranaceous, elliptic or elliptic-
ovate, 3 to 4 em long, 1.5 to 2.5 cm wide, with scattered, crisped, brown
hairs on both surfaces, especially on the midrib and nerves, obscurely
glandular, the apex acute or obtuse, base rounded, margins prominently
and rather distantly denticulate; nerves about 5 on each side of the
midrib, prominent beneath, obscurely anastomosing, the reticulations lax,
obscure. Flowers unknown. Infrutescence axillary, solitary, very slender,
brown-puberulent, with intermixed longer crisped hairs, the rachis 2 to 2.5
cm long, bearing near its apex few long-pedicelled fruits, the pedicels
about 1 cm long, puberulent, each subtended by a narrowly lanceolate
or linear, acuminate, 2.5 mm long bracteole. Sepals persistent, reflexed
in fruit, lanceolate, gradually narrowed upward to the acuminate apex,
about 3 mm long, united for the lower 0.5 mm, more or less brown-
puberulent, margins obscurely ciliate, very obscurely glandular-punctate.
Fruit fleshy, globose, 5 to 6 mm in diameter, red, glabrous, tipped with
the slender, 3 mm long, persistent style; seed globose, 4 mm in diameter.

Luzon, Province of Pampanga, Mount Abu, Bur. Sci. 1933 Foxworthy, Decem-
ber 31, 1906, in forested ravines, altitude about 1,360 m.

A species of the section Bladhia, and apparently closely allied to Ardisia
pusilla A, DC. (A, villosa Mez, non Roxb.) of Japan, and to A. fabert Hemsl. of

China. All other species of the section, with one exception, A. metallica N. E.
Br., of Sumatra, are confined to the Himalayan region, China, and Japan.

DISCOCALYX Mez.

Discocalyx insignis sp. nov.

Frutex glaber circiter 3 m altus; foliis alternis, vix pseudo-verticillatis,
elliptico-oblongis, usque ad 40 em longis, margine dense denticulatis, basi
longe decurrento-acuminatis; petiolo 6 ad 9 cm longo; floribus dioicis,
5-meris, glabris.

An erect glabrous shrub about 3 m high, the ultimate branchlets
stout, about 1 cm in diameter. Leaves alternate, not pseudo-verticillate,
elliptic-oblong, 35 to 40 cm long, 10 to 14 cm wide, chartaceous or sub-
coriaceous, usually grayish when dry, shining, not glandular-punctate,
the apex shortly and obscurely blunt-acuminate, the base long-decurrent-
acuminate, the margins entire in the lower part of the leaf, but above
the lower one-fourth densely denticulate; nerves about 20 on each side
of the midrib, prominent, anastomosing, the reticulations distinct, rather
lax; petiole stout, 6 to 9 cm long. Panicles fascicled at the ends of

ae eer eee ee ee PR er Ry ee " , one ores

29” MERRILL.

special branches, these branches simple or branched near their apices,
up to 18 cm long, the apical portions thickened, cylindric, marked by
numerous scars, the panicles numerous, entirely glabrous, slender, 5 to 8
cm long, all parts marked with linear or punctate glands, the panicles
2-pinnate, the flowers racemosely arranged on the ultimate branchlets.
Staminate flowers 5-merous, their pedicels 2 to 3 mm long. Calyx 1.6
mm in diameter, glandular-punctate, glabrous, the lobes ovate, obtuse,
united for one-half their length. Corolla 3 mm in diameter, glandular-
punctate, the lobes ovate, obtuse, united for one-half their length.
Anthers less than 0.5 mm long, sessile. Rudimentary ovary wanting.
Pistillate flowers and fruits unknown.

MINDANAO, Province of Surigao, in the valley of the Agusan River near Amparo,
in forests at an altitude of about 130 m, For. Bur. 7616 Hutchinson, August 26,
1907 (type).. NeGros, Mount Marapara, For. Bur. 13688 Curran, with immature
flowers.

A species similar in vegetative characters to Discocalya effusa Mez, but with
very much larger leaves and much longer petioles, the inflorescence also entirely
different. It is apparently most closely allied to D. montana Elm., but is quite
distinct from that species.

Discocalyx macrophylla sp. nov.

Frutex erectus, glaber, circiter 2 m altus; foliis-alternis, elliptico-ovatis
vel elliptico-oblongis, subcoriaceis, in sicco nitidis, usque ad 31 cm
longis, valde denticulatis, basi rotundatis, petiolo usque ad 15 cm longo;
floribus in paniculis brevibus congestis, 5-meris, glabris.

An erect shrub about 2 m high, the ultimate branches very stout,
brown, 1.5 to 2 cm in diameter. Leaves alternate, or somewhat crowded
at the apices of the branchlets, elliptic-ovate to elliptic-oblong, about 30
cm long, 12 to 16 cm wide, glabrous, subcoriaceous, shining, the lower
surface obscurely and minutely glandular-punctate, somewhat paler than
the upper one, the apex very shortly and obscurely bluint-acuminate, the
base broad, rounded, the margins strongly and densely denticulate except
at the very base where they are entire; nerves 25 to 30 on each side of
the midrib, very prominent, anastomosing, the reticulations distinct on
both surfaces; petioles stout, dark-brown, about 15 cm long. Inflores-
cence on special, leafless (or with one very much reduced leaf) branches,
40 cm long or less, from just below the leaves, the apex thickened and
bearing one or several short, dense panicles which doubtless become more
or less diffuse in anthesis. Flowers (in bud, and immature), 5-merous,
all parts glandular-punctate, glabrous, the anthers sessile. Immature
fruit globose, 3 mm in diameter.

Luzon, Province of Cagayan, near San Vicente, in forests, at sea level, Vor.
Bur. 17237 Curran, March 8, 1909.

A very characteristic species, distinguishable by its very large and long-petioled

leaves, as well as by the very long, specialized branches that bear the inflorescences.
It is unquestionably allied to Discocalyx effusa Mez, although quite different from

= Oe

NEW OR NOTEWORTHY PHILIPPINE PLANTS, VIII. 223

that species, and even more closely allied to D. insignis Merr., differing from
the latter especially in its differently shaped leaves, which are broad and rounded
at the base, not decurrent-acuminate, its much longer petioles, and more numerous
leaf-veins.

EMBELIA Burm.

1. Embelia coriacea Wall. Cat. (1829) no. 2314; A. DC, Prodr. 8 (1844) 87;
Mez in Engl. Pflanzenreich 9 (1902) 313.

Mrnxpanao, Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley, Mrs. Clemens 671, 1069, and three
sheets without number, September-October, 1906, 1907. The specimens agree per-
fectly with Maingay 1018, and with 5056 Dr. King’s Collector, from the Malay
Peninsula, in our herbarium.

Penang and Malacea, Sumatra, Java, and Borneo; not previously reported from
the Philippines.

OLEACE.

JASMINUM Linn.

Jasminum cumingjii sp. nov.

Frutex ut videtur scandens, glaber, inflorescentiis obscure puberulis
exceptis; foliis oppositis unifoliolatis, ovatis, acuminatis, nitidis, basi late
rotundatis, nervis utrinque 5 vel 6; inflorescentiis axillaribus, longe
pedunculatis, 5-floris; calycis lobis 4 vel 5, subulatis, corollae lobis 6,
oblongo-lanceolatis, acuminatis, quam tubus paullo brevioribus.

A shrub, apparently scandent, glabrous throughout except the obscurely
puberulent inflorescence. Branches terete, brown, smooth. Leaves sim-
ple, opposite, ovate, 7 to 11 em long, 4 to 7 cm wide, membranaceous,
brown and shining when dry, the base broad, rounded, the apex rather
sharply acuminate; nerves 5 or 6 on each side of the midrib, distinct,
anastomosing, the reticulations very lax; petiole about 1.5 cm long,
jointed. Cymes axillary, solitary, the peduncles rather slender, 3 to 7
em long, each with 5 flowers near the apex, rarely with an additional
pair of flowers at about the middle of the peduncle, the bracteoles
setaceous, 3 to 5 mm long, the pedicels about 3 mm long. Calyx cup-
shaped, about 4 mm long, 2.5 mm in diameter, slightly puberulent, with
4 or 5 setaceous, slender, 0.5 to 0.8 mm long teeth. Corolla-tube 1.5 em

long, the lobes 6, narrowly oblong or oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, about

12 mm long, 2.5 to 2.8 mm wide. Anthers 4 mm long. Style 11 mm
long.

PHILIPPINES, without definite locality, Cuming 1565.

A species well characterized by its long-peduncled, axillary, solitary, few-

flowered, slightly puberulent inflorescence, the corolla-lobes nearly as long as the
corolla-tube. The form has not been rediscovered as yet in the Philippines.

Jasminum triplinervium sp. noy.

Frutex scandens glaber; foliis oppositis, simplicibus, chartaceis,
oblongo-lanceolatis vel anguste oblongo-ovatis, usque ad 15 cm _ longis,
apice rotundatis vel obtusis, rariter acutis, basi tenuiter triplinerviis;

1
P..
P
.
,

Ce Fete Re ee eee ee ee gee eee ee

224 : MERRILL.

inflorescentiis axillaribus, solitariis, pedunculatis, multifloris, foliis sub-
aequilongis; calycis lobis 4 vel 5, setaceis, brevibus, corollae lacintis 5,
ellipticis, rotundatis, quam tubus dimidio brevioribus.

A scandent glabrous shrub. Branches slender, terete, gray. Leaves
opposite, simple, chartaceous, shining when dry and paler on the under
surface, oblong-lanceolate to narrowly oblong-ovate, 12 to 15 em long,
4 to 6 cm wide, the base acute, the apex narrowed, rounded, obtuse, or
rarely acute, the base with a pair of slender lateral nerves leaving the
midrib shortly above the insertion of the petiole, reaching at least to
the middle of the leaf and anastomosing with the ‘lateral nerves, these
primary lateral nerves usually 5 or 6 pairs, distant, not prominent,
scarcely more distinct than are the secondary ones; petioles jointed, 1.5
em long. Cymes in the upper axils, solitary, about as long as the leaves,
many-flowered, the peduncles about 5 cm long, the branches bearing from
two to five flowers, the bracts and bracteoles minute, setaceous, 1 to 2
mm long. Pedicels 8 to 10 mm long. Calyx cup-shaped, glabrous, the
tube 3 to 4 mm long, the teeth 4 or 5, unequal, 1 to 2.5 mm long, linear-
lanceolate, acuminate, minutely scaberulous. Corolla white, the tube 2.4
em long, the lobes 5, elliptic or oblong-elliptic, about 12 mm long, 8 mm
wide, rounded at the apex, the base broad and minutely biauriculate.
Anthers 6 to 7 mm long, acurninate.

Necros, Faraon, For. Bur. 13557 Meyer & Foxworthy, September 10, 1909,
in forests, altitude not given.

A species well characterized by its slenderly triplinerved leaves, and its com-
paratively large flowers. There are from 20 to 25 flowers in each inflorescence.

APOCYNACEE.
ALSTONIA R. Br.

Alstonia paucinervia sp. nov.

Arbor glabra circiter 15 m alta; foliis chartaceis vel subeoriaceis,
anguste oblongo-obovatis, usque ad 13 cm longis, basi angustatis, acutis,
apice breviter latissime acuminatis vel obtusis, nervis utrinque circiter 15,
patulis, conspicuis, distantibus; folliculis 20 ad 40 cm longis.

A glabrous tree about 15 m high. Ultimate branches terete, or the
tips somewhat 4-angled, smooth, olivaceous. Leaves usually in whorls
of 4, narrowly oblong-obovate, chartaceous or subcoriaceous, 9 to 13 cm
long, 3.5 to 5 cm wide, the upper surface smooth and shining, the lower
surface of about the same color but dull or very slightly shining, the
apex very broadly and shortly acuminate or obtuse, gradually narrowed
from about the middle to the acute base; nerves about 15 on each side
of the midrib, spreading, distant, prominent, anastomosing close to the
margin and forming a faint, somewhat looped, submarginal nerve, the
reticulations lax, rather indistinct; petioles 1 to 1.5 cm long. Flowers
unknown. Fruiting peduncles from the apical axils, 3 to 4 em long,

NEW OR NOTEWORTHY PHILIPPINE PLANTS, VIII. 225

simple or dichotomously branched at the apex, each bearing from 2 to
6 follicles. Follicles cylindric, glabrous, longitudinally striate, about 3
mm in diameter, 20 to 40 cm long, pendulous. Seeds flattened, oblong,
6 mm long, 1.5 mm wide, covered with short, brown hairs, both ends with
numerous, long, brown hairs 7 mm in length or less.

Luzon, Province of Camarines, Paracale, for. Bur. 18726 Darling, March. 19,
1910, in forests at an altitude of about 70 m, locally known as batino.

A species closely allied to Alstonia macrophylla Wall., but with smaller, some-
what differently shaped leaves which have fewer lateral nerves.

CONVOLVULACE.
DICHONDRA Forst.

Dichondra repens Forst. Char. Gen. Pl. (1776) 39, ¢. 20; DC. Prodr. 9
(1855) 451.

Sibthorpia evolvulacea Linn. f. Suppl. (1781) 288.

Dichondra evolvulacea Britton in Mem. Torr. Bot. Club. 5 (1894) 268.

Luzon, District of Bontoc, Bauco, dry hillsides, altitude about 1,300 m,
Father M. Vanoverbergh 19, January, 1910, locally known to the Ilocanos as
napalapayag.

The genus is new to the Philippines, the present species being widely distributed
in tropical, subtropical and subtemperate regions of the world.

VERBENACES.
PYGMAEOPREMNA gen. nov.

Calyx parvus, anguste campanulatus sub anthesi regulariter 5-dentatus,
sub fructu auctus, 2-lobatus, lobo altero 2-dentato, altero 3-dentato.
Corollae tubus brevis, cylindraceus, rectus, breviter exsertus; limbus
distincte 2-labiatus, lobo minore exteriore, integro, lobo majore interiore,
3-lobato, fauce intus parce villoso. Stamina 4, subaequalia, tubo affixa,
quam corolla breviora ; antherae ovatae, loculis parallelis vix divergentibus.
Ovarium 2-loculare, loculis 2-ovulatis; stylus apice brevissime 2-fidus.
Drupa parva, calyce insidens, obovoidea, excentrica, exocarpio carnoso,
tenui, endocarpio duro, indiviso, saepissime 1-loculare vel rarius obscure
2-loculare. Semina oblonga, compressa, exalbuminosa. Suffruticosa,
parva, erecta; parce ramosa, sparse pubescens. Folia opposita, simplicia,
integra. Cymae parvae, breves, terminales vel in axillis superioribus
pedunculatae. Flores parvi, albi vel virido-albi.

‘Pygmaeopremna humilis sp. nov.

Suffrutex erectus, usque ad 15 cm altus; foliis obovato-oblongis, opposi-
tis, breviter petiolatis, membranaceis vel subchartaceis, acutis vel brevissime
acuminatis, integris, basi acutis, subtus pallidioribus, nervis utrinque
circiter 6, distantibus, distinctis; inflorescentiis terminalibus axillari-
busque, usque ad 2 cm longis, puberulis; floribus parvis, circiter 4.5 mm
longis.

;

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OO ee Pe, ONE, ae vey

226 MERRILL.

An erect somewhat woody plant about 15 cm high, from stout, elongated,
woody roots, the stems simple or dichotomously once branched, terete,
slender, the branchlets pale or dark in color, puberulent. Leaves obovate-
oblong, 8 to 12 em long, 3 to 5 em wide, membranaceous or subchartaceous,
entire, the apex acute or very shortly acuminate, rather gradually narrowed
from about the upper third to the acute base, the upper surface shining,
with very few, scattered, short hairs, becoming glabrous or nearly so, the
lower surface paler, eglandular, often shining, sometimes somewhat
puberulent on the nerves; nerves about 6 on each side of the midrib,
distant, distinct, anastomosing, the reticulations lax; petioles 2 to 4 mm
long, puberulent. Inflorescence cymose, rather densely puberulent, termi-
nating the stems and branches, or in the dichotomously branched plants
terminating the main stem between the branches and also frequently
terminating the branches, pedunculate, the peduncles about 1 em long,
the cymes in anthesis about 1 cm long and wide, somewhat larger in fruit,
rather densely flowered, the pedicels about 2 mm long, subtended by smal]
bracteoles. Calyx in anthesis about 2 mm long, puberulent outside,
narrowly funnel-shaped, equally 5-toothed, the teeth obtuse, 0.5 mm long,
as wide as long, accrescent and persistent, 2-lipped in fruit. Corolla,
white or greenish-white, slightly exserted, 4.5 mm long, the tube broad,
cylindric, straight, glabrous outside, inside somewhat villous, about 1.5
mim long, the limb prominently 2-lipped, the smaller lip rounded, about
2 mm in diameter, entire, imbricately covering the larger lip in bud, the
larger lip prominently 3-lobed, the middle lobe rounded, 1.6 mm in
diameter, entire, the lateral lobes about 1 mm long and 1.5 mm wide, all
lobes reflexed, or the middle lobe of the upper lip suberect. Stamens 4,
inserted in the tube, the filaments 0.5 mm long; anthers ovate or broadly
elliptic, 0.6 mm long, the cells parallel, not divergent. Ovary ovoid,
glabrous, 2-celled, each cell 2-ovuled ; style less than 1 mm long, minutely
cleft at the apex. Fruit black, broadly obovoid, tipped by the remains
of the style, about 5 mm long, 4 mm in diameter, somewhat inequilateral,
the pericarp thin, fleshy, the endocarp bony, longitudinally rugose. 1-celled,
containing a single seed, but frequently with indications of an additional
cell, the second cell rarely developing a seed. Calyx accrescent, persistent,
in fruit nearly 4 mm in diameter, distinctly 2-lipped, the larger lip with
three, 0.5 mm long teeth, the smaller lobe with two similar but distant
teeth. Seeds oblong, compressed, exalbuminous.

Luzon, Province of Cagayan, Piat, Bur. Sci. 7841 Ramos, April 2, 1909:
Province of Isabela, Hagan, Bur. Sci. 8124 Ramos, April 29, 1909, in open grassy
plains.

This curious little plant apparently represents the type of a new genus allied
to Premna and Vitex, but more especially to the former. It differs remarkably
from all species of both genera in its habit and in its small size as well. as
in floral and fruit characters indicated in the diagnosis. The stout roots; much

larger then the stems, reach a diameter of 5 mm. Striking characters of the
genus, aside from the small size and habit of the plant are its 2-lipped corollas,

NEW OR NOTEWORTHY PHILIPPINE PLANTS, VIII. 227

the smaller, exterior lip entire, the upper and inner lip strongly 3-lobed, and its
calyx, which in anthesis is equally 5-toothed, but in fruit is accrescent and dis-
tinctly 2-lipped, one lip 3-toothed, the other 2-toothed.

VITEX Linn.

Vitex longifolia sp. nov.

Arbor inflorescentiis exceptis glabra, circiter 12 m alta; foliis trifo-
liolatis, petiolo 5 ad 9 cm longo, foliolis oblongo-lanceolatis vel anguste
oblongo-ovatis, longe subcaudato-acuminatis, basi acutis vel acuminatis,
plus minus inaequilateralibus, usque ad 25 cm longis, subcoriaceis, neryis
utrinque circiter 10, subtus prominentibus ; paniculis terminalibus, pedun-
culatis, amplis, plus minusve pubescentibus; floribus fasciculatis.

A tree about 12 m high, glabrous except the inflorescence. Branches
grayish, the ultimate ones somewhat compressed. Leaves 3-foliolate, the
petioles terete, 5 to 9 em long. Leaflets oblong-lanceolate to broadly
ovate-lanceolate, subcoriaceous, somewhat shining when dry, brownish,
paler beneath, 20 to 25 em long, 5 to 7 cm wide, entire, the apex with
a long, slender acumen, the base somewhat inequilateral, acute or acu-
minate; nerves about 10 on each side of the midrib, beneath prominent,
curved-ascending, rather distant, anastomosing, the primary reticulations
lax; petiolules of the lateral leaflets less than 1 cm long, of the middle
leaflet nearly 2 cm in length. Panicles terminal, solitary, equaling the
leaves, the peduncle 15 cm long, sometimes with a single branch from
the base, most of the primary branches from above the middle, usually
about four at each node, the ultimate branches and branchlets more or
less brown-pubescent. Flowers in fascicles on the ultimate branchlets,
usually in groups of one central slightly pedicelled flower and two lateral
shortly peduncled groups of three flowers each, the bracts small, 2 mm
long or less. Calyx pubescent, cup-shaped, 2 mm long and wide, with
five, short, acute teeth less than 0.5 mm long. Corolla lilac, pubescent
inside and outside, the tube cylindric, 5 to 6 mm long, the upper lip
bifid, 5 to 6 mm long, the lobes narrowly obovate, rounded, the lower lip
3-cleft, the lobes oblong, acute or obtuse, 3 mm long. Filaments some-
what pubescent, the longer two about 8 mm, the shorter ones about 6 mm
‘in length. Fruit unknown.

MrnpANAO, Province of Surigao, in well-drained flat forests on the Gibon River,
altitude about 55 m, For. Bur, 7574 Hutchinson, June, 1907, locally known to the
Manobos as manamu and to the Visayans as aticéco.

A species in the group with Vitew parviflora Juss. (V. littoralis Dene.), but
distinguishable by its quite different and much larger leaflets.

TECTONA Linn. f.

Tectona philippinensis Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Pl. 2 (1876) 1152; ¥.-Vill.
Nov. App. (1880) 158; Vidal Phan. Cuming. Philip. (1885) 134, Rev. Pl. Vase.
Filip. (1886) 209, (nomen nudum in all cases).

Tectona hamiltoniana Wall.; Schauer in DC. Prodr. 11 (1847) 629, pro parte
(quoad pl. Philip.) ; F.-Vill. 1. ¢.

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. aes,

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Pa ee fee ae eee eS we a See sah tel

298 MERRILL.

Arbor usque ad 15 m alta; foliis elliptico-ovatis ad ovato-lanceolatis,
acuminatis, 8 ad 15 cm longis, supra glabris vel subglabris, albido-
verruculosis, subtus dense pallide stellato-puberulis; cymis terminalibus,
densis ; floribus circiter 8 mm longis; fructibus circiter 13 mm diametro,
calycibus persistentibus vix inflatis.

A tree reaching a height of 15 m. Leaves elliptic-ovate to ovate-
lanceolate, acuminate, 8 to 15 cm long, 3 to 6 em wide, subcoriaceous,
subentire or the margins above obscurely undulate-crenate, the upper
surface glabrous or nearly so, rather densely white-verrucose, beneath
paler and densely stellate-puberulent; nerves 5 to 7 on each side of the
midrib, distinct beneath, the reticulations dense; petioles densely puber-
ulent, 5 to 7 mm long. Cymes terminal, sometimes in the upper axils, in
anthesis rather dense, becoming rather diffuse in fruit, densely puberulent.
Flowers nearly 8 mm long and 10 mm in diameter, Calyx densely
puberulent, funnel-shaped, 5 mm long, equally 5-toothed, the teeth tri-
angular-ovate, 2 mm long. Corolla-tube for the lower 1 to 1.5 mm
cylindric, about 5 mm in diameter, then abruptly enlarged, the lobes
elliptic-ovate, obtuse, about 4 mm long, the throat villous inside. Fila-
ments about 8 mm long, slender, somewhat exserted. Fruit about 13 mm
long, 5 to 6 mm in diameter, the persistent calyx enclosing the drupe but

not inflated, densely puberulent with pale-brownish indumentum, the
drupe about 8 mm long.

Luzon, Province of Batangas, Cuming 1432 (type number), For. Bur. 7746
Curran & Merritt, November, 1907, the latter growing in rather open brush lands
at an altitude of about 50 m, locally known as malapangit.

As no description of the above species has ever been published, a short one
has been given above. Cuming’s specimen was referred by Schauer to Tectona
hamiltoniana Wall., but Bentham & Hooker f. were undoubtedly right in specifi-
cally separating the Philippine plant from the Asiatic one. It is manifestly closely
allied to Wallich’s species, but differs remarkably in the nature of the indumen-
tum, which in 7’. hamiltoniana Wall. is tomentose or stellately wooly, and in the
present species minutely and very densely puberulent.

Cuming’s plant has been localized from his own list of localities preserved
in his correspondence with Sir William Hooker at Kew, and is undoubtedly
correct.

LABIATAE.
SALVIA Linn.

Salvia scaphiformis Hance in Journ. Bot. 23 (1885) 368: Forbes & Hemsl.
in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 26 (1890) 287.

Luzon, Province of Nueva Vizcaya, Merrill 174: Province of Abra, Bur. Sci.
7206 Ramos: Province of Benguet, Elmer 5834, 8637.

Not previously reported from the Philippines; Formosa, and Szechuen, China.

ee

NEW OR NOTEWORTHY PHILIPPINE PLANTS, VIII. 229

SCROPHULARIACE.
BYTHOPHYTON Hook. f.

Bythophyton indicum (Hk. f. & Th.) Hk. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 4 (1884) 286.

Micranthemum indicum Hk. f. & Th. in Journ. Bot. 9 (1857) 245, t. 7 (excl.
fig. of anthers, fide Hooker f.)

Luzon, District of Lepanto, Mount Data, Merrill 4519, November, 1905, in
shallow water of a small pond at the summit, altitude about 2,250 m.

A monotypic genus previously recorded only from the Nonkreem marshes,
Khasia Mountains, India, altitude about 1,400 m. I am indebted to the director
of the Royal Gardens, Kew, for the identification of the above specimen.

ACANTHACE.
PERISTROPHE Nees.

Peristrophe lancifolia sp. nov.

Herba erecta vix vel parce ramosa, sparse strigosa; foljis membran- .

aceis, anguste lanceolatis, acuminatis, usque ad 20 em longis, 2.5 cm
latis ; foliis floralibus oblongis vel oblongo-lanceolatis, acuminatis ; corolla
alba, 5 cm longa.

An erect herb about 50 cm high or less, usually unbranched. Stems
green, longitudinally sulecate, about 2 mm in diameter, glabrous, or the
younger parts slightly appressed-strigose. Leaves lanceolate or narrowly
lanceolate, 12 to 20 em long, 1 to 2.5 em wide, entire or very slightly
undulate, gradually narrowed upward to the long, slender, acuminate
apex, the base also narrowed, acute or acuminate, somewhat shining
when dry, the upper surface dark-green, the lower surface pale-green,
both surfaces with numerous, scattered, oblong cystoliths, the lower also
minutely white-puncticulate and slightly appressed-strigose on the midrib
and nerves; lateral nerves about 9 on each side of the midrib, ascending,
anastomosing and forming a nearly straight submarginal nerve, the
secondary nerves and reticulations lax; petioles 5 mm long or less, stri-
gose. Peduncles few, 2.5 cm long or less, terminal and in the upper
axils, strigose, few-flowered. Floral leaves 2, unequal, oblong to oblong-
lanceolate, acuminate, 2.5 to 3.5 cm long, more or less strigose, especially

on the margins. Flowers white, congested, each subtended by one or

two linear-lanceolate, more or less hispid, long-acuminate bracts about 2
em long, 2 mm wide, and by two or three similar but smaller bracteoles.
Calyx-lobes similar to the bracteoles, subequal, about 8 mm long, hispid.

Corolla 5 cm long, the tube slender, 2.5 cm in length, one lip entire, 1.5 —
em broad, the other somewhat narrower and shortly 2-toothed at the-

apex. Filaments slightly hirsute; anthers 2-celled, the upper cell about
3.5 mm long, the lower 2 mm long, muticous. Style minutely bifid.

)
‘

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a ee Se Oe. eee ee —4 Pa - ee eh ial

230 MERRILL.

Pod about 1.5 em long, hirsute, long-stalked; seeds 4. Placenta per-
sistent, not separating from the capsule in dehiscence.

Luzon, Province of Bataan, Balanga Mountains, Mor. Bur. 19258 Curran, Jan-
uary, 1910.

A species well characterized by its narrowly lanceolate, long: leaves and by its
large flowers.

RUBIACE.
GREENIOPSIS Merr.

Greeniopsis pubescens sp. nov.

Arbor parva vel mediocris, omnibus partibus plus minus dense brunneo-
pubescens; foliis oblongo-lanceolatis vel oblongo-oblanceolatis, usque ad
40 cm longis, longe acuminatis, basi angustatis, nervis utrinque circiter
20, stipulis 3 cm longis; capsulis 4 mm longis.

A small or medium-sized tree pubescent throughout. Branches stout,
the ultimate ones about 8 mm in diameter, pubescent with short brownish
hairs. Leaves oblong-lanceolate or oblong-oblanceolate, 20 to 40 cm
long, 6 to 11 cm wide, subcoriaceous, shining when dry, both surfaces
pubescent with rather short hairs, or the upper subglabrous, entire, the
apex rather slenderly long-acuminate, narrowed to the base, the lamina
decurrent practically to the base of the short petiole, so that the
leaves are subsessile; nerves about 20 on each side of the midrib, prom-
inent, curved, anastomosing, the ultimate reticulations distinct ; stipules
oblong-lanceolate, chartaceous, 3 cm long, 1 cm wide at the base, acu-
minate, at first pubescent, becoming nearly glabrous, deciduous. Panicles
terminal and in the upper axils, peduncled, nearly as long as the leaves,
branched at or above the middle, the rachis, branches and branchlets
densely brown-pubescent with short hairs, the branches flower-bearing
only above the middle. Flowers white, pedicelled, the calyx pubescent,
about 3 mm long, narrowly funnel-shaped, becoming somewhat inflated,
the teeth 5, short, truncate, imbricate, broader then long. Corolla rather
densely pubescent outside, the throat villous within, the tube about 2 mm
long, rather abruptly enlarged above, the lobes 5, rounded, imbricate,
about 1.5 mm long, 2.56 mm wide. Anthers 1.4 mm long. Capsules
subsecund on the ultimate branchlets, oblong or oblong-ovoid, densely
pubescent, 4 mm long, the persistent calyx-teeth oblong, pubescent on
both surfaces.

Luzon, Province of Isabela, Bicobian Bay, Bur. Sci. 10659 MeGregor, August,
1909: Province of Cagayan, Bur. Sci. 7407 Ramos, March, 1909 (type).

In general appearance very similar to the other two species of the genus, but

well characterized by its rather uniformly distributed pubescence, which consists
of short, usually spreading and brownish hairs. The third species for the genus.

NEW OR NOTEWORTHY PHILIPPINE PLANTS, VIII. 231

HEDYOTIS Linn.

Hedyotis cagayanensis sp. nov.

Frutex erectus, simplex, vix 1 m altus, glaber, partibus junioribus plus
minus puberulis exceptis; caulibus teretibus, partibus junioribus quad-
rangulatis, pulcherrime undulato-crenato-alatis ; foliis membranaceis, am-
plis, petiolatis, usque ad 18 cm longis, oblongo-obovatis vel elliptico-
obovatis, nervis utrinque circiter 8; cymis axillaribus, in capitulis sub-
globosis dense congestis.

An erect undershrub about 60 cm high, unbranched, glabrous, or the
younger parts more or less puberulent. Stem stout, brownish, about 6
mm in diameter, the basal part terete, the younger parts above 4-angled,
each angle with a striking undulate-crenate wing 1 to 2 mm in width.
Leaves oblong-obovate to elliptic-obovate, membranaceous, glabrous, some-
what shining, 13 to 18 cm long, 5 to 8 cm wide, the apex blunt, acute,
or broadly acuminate, the base acute; nerves about 8 on each side of the
midrib, distinct, ascending, the reticulations very obscure, lax; petioles
1.5 to 2 em long; stipules ovate or oblong, about 12 mm long, cut into
about 12 laciniae. Cymes axillary, glabrous, densely many-flowered,
forming subglobose, axillary heads about 2 cm in diameter, the flowers 4-
merous; pedicels 2 mm long or less, the bracts oblong, 2 to 3 mm long.
Calyx-tube somewhat 4-angled, glabrous, 1.5 mm long, the lobes 1.8 mm
in length. Capsule obovoid, 3 mm long.

Luzon, Province of Cagayan, Pamplona, Bur. Sci. 7502 Ramos, March 16, 1909,
in forests along streams.

A species manifestly allied to H. pilosissima Merr., but in adult stage quite

glabrous, but more especially characterized by its square, prominently 4-winged
stems, the wings undulate-crenate.

Hedyotis macgregorii sp. nov.

Frutex erectus, ramulis foliis inflorescentiisque plus minus strigoso-
pubescentibus ; foliis elliptico-oblongis vel elliptico-lanceolatis, usque ad
5.5 cm longis; cymis parvis, axillaribus terminalibusque, subsessilibus
vel breviter pedunculatis, densis, paucifloris ; corolla circiter 6 mm longa.

An erect much-branched shrub. Branches terete, glabrous, grayish,
the younger ones prominently 4-angled and rather densely pubescent.
Leaves elliptic-oblong to elliptic-lanceolate, chartaceous or subcoriaceous,
2 to 5.5 em long, 1 to 2 cm wide, the base acute, the apex blunt, acute
or even slightly acuminate, the lower surface more or less strigose-pubes-
cent with short hairs, especially on the midrib and nerves, the upper
surface also more or less pubescent, ultimately becoming glabrous or
nearly so; nerves about 5 on each side of the midrib, curved-ascending,
anastomosing, the reticulations obsolete or nearly so; petioles densely

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232 MERRILL.

pubescent, 2 to 4 mm long; stipules pubescent, ovate, persistent, 3 to 4
mm long, cut into six or more linear laciniw. Cymes terminal and in
the upper axils, small, dense, comparatively few-flowered, subsessile or
the axillary ones sometimes with peduncles up to 1.5 em in length, all
parts more or less pubescent, the bracts foliaceous, spatulate, 5 to 6 mm
long, the pedicels usually about 1 mm in length. Calyx-tube ovoid,
pubescent, 2 mm long, the lobes usually 4, lanceolate, acuminate, pubes-
cent, 3mm long. Corolla apparently white, 6 mm long, the tube 4 mm
in length, cylindric, glabrous outside, villous within, usually with 4 lobes,
rarely with 3 or 5, the lobes oblong, obtuse or acute, 2 mm long, reflexed
in anthesis, slightly strigose on the back. Anthers 1.2 mm long. Style
3.5 mm long, cleft at the apex. Capsule ovoid, 3.5 mm long, somewhat
strigose-pubescent, the seeds black, compressed, angular, irregular, 1.2 to
1.5 mm long. .

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Pauai, Bur. Sci. 8490 McGregor, June, 1909
(type), Bur. Sci. 4473 Mearns, August, 1907.

Apparently a species of the mossy forest, allied to Hedyotis benguetensis Elm.,
and other species of that group, but well characterized by its strigose pubescence.

Hedyotis pilosissima sp. nov.

Frutex vel suffrutex erectus, simplex, vix 1 m altus, omnibus partibus
plus minus dense pilosus; foliis chartaceis vel submembranaceis, oblongo-
lanceolatis vel oblongo-ellipticis, usque ad 16 cm longis, acuminatis, basi
acutis, nervis 6 vel 7 utrinque, adscendentibus ; stipulis amplis, laciniatis ;
cymis in axillis dense congestis, subcapitatis, dense multifloris.

An erect unbranched suffrutescent or decidedly woody undershrub less
than 1 m high, the stems terete, about 6 mm in diameter, brownish or
grayish, densely pilose. Leaves oblong-lanceolate to oblong-elliptic, 12

to 16 cm long, 3 to 5.5 cm wide, chartaceous or submembranaceous,

greenish when dry, somewhat shining, the apex acuminate, base acute,
both surfaces with numerous, long, white hairs, especially so on the
midrib and nerves on the under surface; nerves 6 or 7 on each side of
the midrib, distinct, ascending, not or obscurely anastomosing, the sec-
ondary nerves and the reticulations obsolete; petioles pilose, 1.5 to 2 em
long; stipules ample, green, somewhat pilose, up to 1.5 em long, 1.2
em wide, cut into about 12, narrowly lanceolate, acuminate laciniae 3 to
5 mm in length, the middle one longer. Cymes axillary, more or less
pilose, congested, forming subglobose or hemispherical inflorescences 1 to
* cm in diameter. Flowers 4-merous, their pedicels up to 2 mm in
length, sometimes wanting, the bracteoles lanceolate, acuminate, 2 mm:
long. Calyx-tube ovoid, glabrous, about 1.2 mm long, the lobes green,
lanceolate, acuminate, 2 mm long, the margins ciliate with long white
hairs. Corolla-tube 2 mm long, the lobes about the same length, oblong,
recurved, usually acute. Anthers 1mm long. Capsule globose or ovoid,
glabrous except for the few hairs on the persistent calyx-lobes, about 2

NEW OR NOTEWORTHY PHILIPPINE PLANTS, VIII. 933

mm in diameter; seeds numerous, angular, black, about 0.3 mm in
diameter.

PaNnAy, Dumarao, in damp, shaded ravines along streams, at an altitude of
about 100 m, Merrill 6704, March 25, 1910.

A species well characterized by its ample leaves and dense pubescence. A
specimen from Maagnas, Province of Camarines, Luzon, Bur. Sci. 6326 Robinson,
August, 1908, may be referable here, but in this plant the capsules are pilose, not
glabrous.

IXORA Linn.

Ixora capitulifera sp. nov.

Arbor glabra circiter 10 m alta; foliis subcoriaceis, in sicco brunneis,

-nitidis, oblongis vel oblongo-obovatis, acuminatis, basi leviter rotundatis,

breviter petiolatis ; floribus circiter 1.5 em longis, subsessilibus, in capit-
ulis parvis, densis, longe pedunculatis dispositis; calycis dentibus quam
tubus brevioribus.

A glabrous tree about 10 m high. Branches terete, stout, grayish.
Leaves oblong or oblong-obovate, 4 to 11 em long, 1.5 to 5 cm wide,
subcoriaceous, brown and shining on both surfaces when dry, the apex
shortly and usually bluntly acuminate, rarely nearly acute, the base
narrowed, somewhat rounded, rarely subacute; nerves about 12 on each
side of the midrib, slender, brown, distinct, anastomosing; petioles less
than 2 mm long. Inflorescence terminal and axillary, the peduncles
slender, 2 to 4 cm long, each subtended by from 2 to 4, distichous, broadly
ovate, acuminate. bracts about 2.5 mm long, 2 mm wide, usually with
a pair of smaller, narrower bracts above the middle. Flowers 5 to 8 at
the end of each peduncle, sessile, congested, the calyces forming a rather
dense head less than 6 mm in diameter. Calyx 2 mm long, the teeth 4,
triangular-ovate, acute or somewhat obtuse, small, the bracteoles 2, linear,
about 1 mm long. Corolla-tube 18 mm long, 1 mm in diameter, the
lobes four, elliptic, rounded or obtuse, about 4 mm long, 2.5 mm wide.

PALAWAN, Mount Victoria, in forests along streams at an altitude of about
1,050 m, Bur. Sci. 686 Foxworthy, March 23, 1906, the flowers said to be pinkish
or whitish, with a faint wintergreen odor.

The species is a very characteristic one, readily recognizable by its slenderly
peduncled capitate inflorescence.

Ixora crassifolia sp. nov.

Arbor parva usque ad 9 m alta, inflorescentiis puberulis exceptis glabra,
foliis crassissime coriaceis, ellipticis vel oblongo-ellipticis, apice rotundatis
vel leviter retusis, usque ad 34 cm longis, nitidis, utrinque in sicco dense
minute rugosis, nervis utrinque circiter 10; inflorescentiis terminalibus,
puberulis, circiter 9 cm longis, dense multifloris; floribus circiter 2.5 cm
longis.

A small tree 9 m high or less, glabrous except the somewhat cinereous-
puberulent inflorescence. Branches rather stout, brown or grayish.
Leaves elliptic, broadly elliptic or oblong-elliptic, 14 to 24 cm long, 7

ee eee ee Ae ‘ hy . on

234 MERRILL.
‘

to 18 cm wide, very thickly coriaceous, somewhat shining, when dry
minutely and densely rugose on both surfaces, the apex rather broadly
rounded, sometimes slightly retuse, the base acute or somewhat acuminate,
rarely broadly rounded; nerves about 10 on each side of the midrib,
distinct, anastomosing, the reticulations lax ; petioles stout, 1 to 2 em long ;
stipules very broadly ovate, abruptly acuminate, 5 to 7 mm long, deciduous.
Inflorescence terminal, puberulent, corymbose, subtended by one or two
pairs of broadly ovate, abruptly acuminate bracts 8°mm long or less, with
two lateral basal branches, the rachis short, trichotomously branched, the
primary branches stout, 3 to 5 cm long, all subtrichotomously branched at
their apices, forming a rather dense inflorescence about 9 cm long, and
as wide or wider than long. Flowers white or greenish-white, rather
densely crowded at the ends of the ultimate branchlets, their pedicels 1
to 2 mm long, ebracteolate. Calyx ovoid, puberulent, about 2 mm long,
with 4 short, broadly ovate, acute teeth about 0.3 mm long. Corolla-tube
rather slender, 2.4 cm long, 2 mm wide when more or less flattened out,
the lobes 4, spreading or reflexed, oblong, rounded, 7 mm long, 4 mm
wide. Anthers linear, 5 mm long, the filaments exserted about 3 mm.
Style slender, exserted about 6 mm, the arms thickened, more or less
flattened, about 2 mm long.

MinpAnao, District of Zamboanga, Port Banga, For. Bur. 9039, 9070, 9439
(type), 9479 Whitford & Hutchinson, December, 1907, and February, 1908, in
dipterocarp forests at from 30 to 50 m above the sea.

A species well characterized by its unusually large, very coriaceous leaves,
which, when dry, are rather pale and minutely, densely rugose on both surfaces.

Ixora ebracteolata sp. nov.

Iwora amboinica Elm. Leafl. Philip. Bot. 1 (1906) 9, non DC.

Arbuscula vel arbor parva, 3 ad 8 m alta, inflorescentiis exceptis glabra;
foliis petiolatis, coriaceis vel subcoriaceis, in sicco brunneis, nitidis,
oblongis vel oblongo-ellipticis, obtusis vel late brevissime acuminatis,
basi acutis, nervis utrinque circiter 10, distinctis; cymis terminalibus,
puberulis vel subglabris, pedunculatis, multifloris; floribus 9 ad 12 mm
longis, ebracteolatis.

An erect shrub or tree 3 to 8 m high, glabrous except the inflorescence
which is usually puberulent. Branches terete, gray, the younger ones
usually reddish-brown. Leaves oblong to oblong-elliptic, 6 to 12 cm long,
2.5 to 5 cm wide, the base acute or decurrent-acuminate, the apex obtuse,
rounded, or broadly and obtusely short-acuminate, brown and shining
when dry, the lower surface paler than the upper; primary nerves about
10 on each side of the midrib, anastomosing, brown, distinct, the reticula-
tions rather lax, distinct; petioles 5 to 10 mm long; stipules lanceolate-
acuminate from an ovate base, 5 mm long or less. Inflorescence terminal,
rather dense, 5 to 7 cm in diameter, usually puberulent, sometimes
glabrous peduncled, many-flowered, the peduncles 3 to 5 em long, the lower
branches spreading, about 2 cm long. Flowers white, mostly in triads on

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NEW OR NOTEWORTHY PHILIPPINE PLANTS, VIII. 235

the ultimate branchlets, the middle one of each triad sessile or subsessile,
the two lateral ones with pedicels 3 to 5 mm in length, the bracts and
bracteoles wanting. Calyx glabrous, ovoid, about 3 mm long, the teeth
broadly triangular-ovate, acute, 0.5 mm long. Corolla-tube 6 to 9 mm
long, about 2 mm in diameter, the lobes 4, elliptic-oblong, acute or slightly
acuminate, 6 mm long, 2.5 to 3 mm wide. Anthers 3.5 mm long, lanceo-
late, acuminate. Style slightly exserted ; stigma cleft, 2mm long. Fruit
ovoid, smooth, somewhat fleshy when fresh, 8 mm long or less, dark-
colored when dry. ‘

Luzon, Province of Zambales, Mahumaling, For. Bur. 5845 Curran, January,
1907 (type), on dry cogon-covered slopes; other specimens from the same province
are: Bur. Sci. 4798, 5038 Ramos, For. Bur, 375 Maule, Merrill 2953, 2985, 2080.
Various local names are pamutim, pilis, lumboy-manoc, talab, and tatanic.

The species is entirely different from Jaora amboinica DC., to which Mr. Elmer

referred several of the specimens above cited; it is distinguished from the
majority of the species in the genus by the entire absence of bracts and bracteoles.

Ixora longissima sp. nov.

Arbuscula erecta, glabra; foliis petiolatis, lanceolatis, usque ad 40 cm
longis, crasse membranaceis, sensim longe acuminatis, margine minute
crenato-undulatis; cymis terminalibus, diffusis, amplis, miultifloris;
floribus circiter 5 cm longis; calycis dentibus acutis, quam tubus brev-
ioribus.

An erect glabrous shrub. Branches terete, pale-brown, smooth and
shining. Leaves lanceolate, about 40 cm long, 5.5 cm wide, thickly
chartaceous, shining when dry, the base acute or somewhat decurrent-
acuminate, gradually narrowed upward into the long, slender, acuminate
apex, the margins minutely crenate-undulate; nerves about 23 on each
side of the midrib, slender, not very prominent, anastomosing, the reti-
culations lax ; petioles stout, 1 to 1.5 em long; stipules very broad, connate,
abruptly acuminate, about 5 mm long. Cymes terminal, very large,
trichotomously branched and rebranched, the peduncle stout, about 5 mm
long, the primary branches about as long as the peduncle, spreading, the
whole inflorescence, including the corollas, about 20 cm wide. Flowers
apparently pink or reddish, numerous, in triads on the ultimate branch-
lets, the middle one of each triad sessile, the two lateral ones with
pedicels 2 to 3 mm long, the bracts oblong-ovate, acuminate, 2 to 3 mm
long, the bracteoles similar but smaller, 1 mm long. Calyx 2 mm long,
the teeth ovate, acute, about 0.5 mm long. Corolla-tube slender, about
4.5 em long, the lobes broadly ovate-lanceolate or elliptic-lanceolate,
acuminate, thin, reticulate, about 10 mm long, 4 mm wide.

LEYTE, without definite locality; For. Bur, 16975 Rosenbluth, March, 1909.

A species well characterized by its very long leaves which are long and slenderly
acuminate, as well as by its ample, diffuse panicles and very long flowers. It is
probably most closely allied to Iwora salicifolia DC., but seems to be sufficiently
distinct.

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236 MERRILL.

Ixora longistipula sp. nov.

Frutex glaber 1.5 ad 3 m altus; foliis petiolatis, oblongo-lanceolatis,
chartaceis, acuminatis, basi acutis; stipulis setaceis, 1 ad 1.8 cm longis;
inflorescentiis terminalibus longe pedunculatis, floribus circiter 2 cm
longis in capitulis parvis dense confertis; calycis dentibus acutis, quam
tubus brevioribus.

A glabrous shrub 1.5 to 3 m high. Branches terete, slender, reddish-
brown. Leaves oblong-lanceolate, 10 to 20 cm long, 3 to 4.5 em wide,
chartaceous, usually firmly so, shining, narrowed at both ends, the base
acute, the apex sharply acuminate; lateral nerves about 13 on each side
of the midrib, distinct, anastomosing, the reticulations lax; petioles
about 1 cm long; stipules setaceous, about 1 cm long, broadened at the
base. Inflorescence terminal, solitary, the peduncles slender, 9 to 15 |
em long, the flowers subsessile or shortly pedicelled, disposed in a ter-
minal, simple, dense head, this head, excluding the corollas, less than 1 cm
in diameter, usually about 25 flowers in each. Bracteoles narrowly lan-
ceolate, acuminate, 1 to 2 mm long. Calyx narrowly campanulate, 2
to 2.5 mm long, the teeth ovate, acute, about 1 mm in length. Corolla
slender, pink, the tube about 2 cm long, 1 mm in diameter, the lobes
4, broadly elliptic, spreading, rounded, 4 to 4.5 mm long, 3 to 3.5 mm
in diameter. Anthers 3 mm long. Style slightly exserted, the arms

flattened, 1.5 mm long. Fruit globose, fleshy, white to pink, about 1

em in diameter, the seeds elliptic in outline, 7 mm long, 5 mm wide.

Necros, Mount Marapara, For, Bur. 13625 Curran & Foaworthy, September,
1909 (type), For. Bur. 13694 Curran; near Cadiz, Bur. Sci. 73827 Celestino, March,

1909. Mrinpboro, Mount Halcon, Merrill 5569, November, 1906.

A sylvan species ranging from 500 to 700 m above the sea, well characterized
by its elongated, setaceous stipules, and its long-peduncled, capitulate inflorescence.

Ixora mearnsii sp. nov.

Arbuscula erecta glabra; foliis oblongis vel late oblongo-lanceolatis,
chartaceis vel submembranaceis, acuminatis, basi acutis vel leviter rotun-
datis, petiolatis, usque ad 18 cm longis, in sicco nitidis, nervis utrinque
circiter 11, distinctis; cymis terminalibus, multifloris, densis; floribus
circiter 3 cm longis, calycis segmentis acutis, quam tubus brevioribus.

An erect glabrous shrub. Branches terete, or the younger ones ob-
scurely angled, dark-reddish-brown, shining. Leaves oblong to broadly
oblong-lanceolate, 12 to 18 cm long, 3 to 7 cm wide, chartaceous or
submembranaceous, shining on both surfaces, when dry olivaceous above,
paler beneath, the apex very sharply acuminate, the base acute or nar-
rowed and slightly abruptly rounded; nerves about 11 on each side of
the midrib, distinct on the lower surface, anastomosing, the reticulations
lax; petioles about 1 cm long; stipules connate, subtruncate, abruptly
and shortly apiculate-acuminate, the margins slightly ciliate, 2 to 3 mm
long. Cymes terminal, shortly peduncled, including the flowers about 7

NEW OR NOTEWORTHY PHILIPPINE PLANTS, VIII. v5 ¥

em long, 10 em wide, dense, many-flowered, the branches trichotomously
branched. Flowers apparently pink, mostly in triads on the ultimate
branchlets, the middle one of each triad sessile, the two lateral ones with
pedicels 3 mm long or less; bracts subtending the branches small, ovate,
acuminate, the bracteoles similar, ovate, acuminate, 1 to 1.2 mm long.
Calyx 2 to 3 mm long, the teeth ovate, acuminate or acute, 1 mm long.
Corolla-tube 26 mm long, 1 mm in diameter, the lobes elliptic to elliptic-
oblong, reticulate, membranaceous, acute or minutely acuminate, 7 to 8
mm long, 4 to 5 mm wide. Anthers 3 mm long, abruptly caudate-
apiculate. Stigma about 1 mm long, slightly exserted.

Luzon, Province of Tayabas, Casiguran, Bur. Sci. 2999 (type), 2976 Mearns,
June 1, 1907. A specimen from Baler, Province of Tayabas, Luzon, Bur, Set.
10672 McGregor, August, 1909, is similar but has a more lax inflorescence,
longer flowers, the corolla-tube 3 em in length, and the calyx-teeth are obtuse

or rounded.
A species allied to Iwora congesta Roxb., but with thinner, fewer-nerved leaves,
and more lax inflorescence.

Ixora mindanaensis sp. nov.

Arbuscula 2 ad 3 m alta, cymis parce puberulis exceptis glabra;
foliis lanceolatis, oblongo-lanceolatis,. vel oblongo-oblanceolatis, coriaceis
vel subcoriaceis, petiolatis, usque ad 16 cm longis, basi acutis vel acu-
minatis, apice acuminatis, nervis utrinque 8 ad 10, distinctis, laxissime
reticulatis vel reticulis subobsoletis ; cymis terminalibus, e basi 3-ramosis ;
floribus circiter 11 mm longis, calycis dentibus parvis, obtusis, quam
tubus brevioribus.

A shrub 2 to 3 m high, erect, branched, glabrous except the inflores-
cence. Branches terete, rather slender, light-gray. Leaves lanceolate,
oblong-lanceolate, or oblong-oblanceolate, 8 to 16 cm long, 3 to 6 cm
wide, coriaceous or subcoriaceous, when dry shining on both surfaces,
brown, paler beneath, the apex rather sharply acuminate, the base grad-
ually narrowed, acute or somewhat acuminate; nerves 8 to 10 on each
side of the midrib, beneath distinct, usually brown, anastomosing, the
reticulations very lax, often nearly obsolete; petioles about 5 mm long;
stipules ovate to oblong-ovate, acuminate, about 5 mm long, deciduous.
Cymes terminal, somewhat puberulent, branched from the base, the
branches three, 2 cm long or less, each bearing at the apex from three to
five short secondary branches, the flowers all sessile or subsessile, in groups
of threes on the ultimate branchlets, densely disposed, the cymes 5 cm |
long or less; bracts very small, obscure, the bracteoles similar, minute,
linear, 0.5 mm long. Calyx 2 to 2.5 mm long, puberulent, the teeth
ovate, obtuse, 0.5 mm long. Corolla-tube white or pinkish, about 9 mm
long, 1 mm in diameter, the lobes elliptic-oblong, 3.5 mm long, 1.5 to
1.8 mm wide, obtuse, 6-nerved, nerves mostly anastomosing. Anthers 3
mm long, acute or obtuse. Stigma slightly exserted, 2 mm long, cleft.

¥e>7..5— 35

ee ee . LE ee ei eee ‘, eos ae

238 - MERRILL.

Fruit red, depressed-globose, somewhat compressed, about 1 cm wide,
nearly as long, glabrous, smooth, somewhat longitudinally depressed be-
tween the seeds, crowned by the short calyx-rim.

MINDANAO, District of Zamboanga, Port Banga, For. Bur. 9010 (type), 9034
Whitford & Hutchinson, November 29 and December 2, 1907; Sax River, Williams
2192, February 4, 1905: Province of Misamis, Malabug River, trail to Mount
Malindang, For. Bur. 4773 Mearns & Hutchinson: Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley,
Mrs. Clemens s,. n., May and November, 1906.

Ixora palawanensis sp. nov.

Frutex erectus 2 ad 3 m altus, glaber; foliis subcoriaceis, nitidis, acu-
minatis, lanceolatis vel oblongo-lanceolatis, usque ad 15 cm longis, nervis
utrinque circiter 14; cymis terminalibus, dense multifloris; floribus 3.3
ad 3.8 cm longis, bibracteolatis, bracteolis parvis; calycis segmentis
ovatis, acutis, quam tubus brevioribus.

An erect shrub 2 to 3 m high, glabrous throughout. Branches terete
or somewhat compressed, smooth, somewhat shining, reddish-brown.
Leaves lanceolate to oblong-lanceolate, rarely oblanceolate, 7 to 15 cm
long, 1.5 to 4.5 em wide, subcoriaceous, somewhat pale when dry,
shining on both surfaces, the base acute or acuminate, apex sharply
acuminate; primary nerves 12 to 15 on each side of the midrib, not
prominent, anastomosing, scarcely more distinct than are the alternating
secondary ones, the’ reticulations obscure, lax; petioles 0.3 to 0.8 em
long; stipules 5 mm long or less, base broad, apex abruptly contracted,
prominently acuminate. Cymes terminal, dense, 4 to 8 em wide, the
peduncles 1 cm long or less, the lower branches up to 5 em in length,

_ trichotomously branched, the lower bracts lanceolate, acuminate, about 1

cm long, the bracts of the secondary branches much smaller, ovate-oblong,
acuminate, 2.2 mm long; bracteoles 2 at the base of each flower, similar
to the upper bracts but only 1.5 mm long. Flowers salmon- to orange-
colored, numerous, mostly in triads at the ends of the ultimate branch-
lets, the middle one of each triad sessile, the two lateral ones with
pedicels 3 to 8 mm in length. Calyx 3 to 3.3 mm long, the lobes 4,
ovate, acute, 1.5 mm in length. Corolla-tube 3 to 3.5 cm long, less
than 1.5 mm in diameter, the lobes oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, reticu-
late, rather thin, about 11 mm long, 3.5 mm wide. Anthers 3 mm long.
Style slightly exserted; stigma cleft. Fruits ovoid, about 1 cm long,
dark-reddish-brown when dry, obtuse or slightly beaked.

PALAWAN, in forests about 14 miles northwest of Iwahig, Bur. Sev. 793 Foa-
worthy, April 22, 1906, in forested ravines.

A species manifestly allied to Irora congesta Roxb., but with relatively
narrower, smaller leaves which are sharply acuminate, the veins not prominent, etc.

Ixora philippinensis sp. nov.

Arbuscula vel arbor parva, 2 ad 7 m alta, inflorescentiis exceptis glabra ;
foliis subeoriaceis, subsessilibus, oblongo-ovatis, elliptico-ovatis, vel ovatis,

~

NEW OR NOTEWORTHY PHILIPPINE PLANTS, VIII. 289

usque ad 15 cm longis, in sicco nitidis, plerumque brunneis, breviter

acuminatis vel acutis, basi late rotundatis plerumque distincte cordatis ;

cymis puberulis, terminalibus, paucifloris, breviter pedunculatis, densis ;
floribus 1.8 ad 2.2 em longis, calycis dentibus minutis, apiculato-acum-
inatis, quam tubus brevioribus.

A shrub or small tree 2 to 7 m high, glabrous except the usually puber-
ulent inflorescence. Branches grayish to reddish-brown, terete. Leaves

oblong-ovate to elliptic-ovate or ovate, shining when dry, usually brownish,

paler beneath, subcoriaceous, 6 to 15 cm long, 2 to 6 cm wide, rarely

‘wider, the apex shortly and broadly acuminate, acute, or rarely obtuse,

usually minutely apiculate by the excurrent midrib, the base broadly
rounded, usually distinctly cordate, the uppermost leaves sometimes some-
what surrounding the stems ; petioles none or very short, rarely reaching
a length of 3 mm; primary nerves about 11 on each side of the midrib,
slender, usually brown and distinct beneath, anastomosing, the reticula-
tions brown, slender, distinct; stipules lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate,
prominently acuminate, 3 to 5 mm long. Cymes terminal, solitary,
usually somewhat puberulent, their peduncles mostly 1 to 1.5 cm long,
often subtended by a pair of reduced, ovate or suborbicular, cordate leaves
1 to 3 em in length; bracts ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, 1.5 to 1.8 mm
long. Flowers white to pale-pink, shortly pedicelled or sessile, crowded,
forming a dense inflorescence which, excluding the corollas, is less than
1 cm in diameter, 10 or usually less flowers in each cyme, the branches
very short. Calyx 2 mm long, slightly puberulent, the teeth very broad,
minute, abruptly apiculate-acuminate, less than 0.3 mm long, the brac-
teoles lanceolate, acuminate, less than 1 mm long. Corolla-tube 1.8 to
2 cm long, usually slightly hairy outside, the lobes coriaceous, elliptic-
oblong, rounded or obtuse, about 7 mm long, 3.5 mm wide, Anthers
3.5 mm long, apiculate. Stigma 2 mm long, cleft, slightly exserted.
Fruit ovoid, apparently red when dry, the pericarp slightly fleshy, glabrous,
slightly or distinctly beaked, nearly 1 em long when matifre, usually
distinctly longitudinally depressed between the seeds.

The type of this species is Mor. Bur. 2299 Meyer, from the Lamao River,
Province of Bataan, Luzon; other specimens from the same locality are Whitford
1270, Leiberg 6118, Williams 378, For. Bur. 2024 Borden, and For. Bur. 1463
Ahern’s collector.

Ixora philippinensis includes most of the Philippine specimens that recently
have been identified as Ixora coccinea Linn., and it appears to be one of the
most widely distributed and abundant species in the Archipelago. Of our
abundant material, for the most part distributed as Iwora coccinea Linn., I
would refer to Iwora philippinensis specimens from the Batanes and Babuyanes
Islands, from the Provinces of Ilocos Norte, Zambales, Pangasinan, Nueva Ecija,
Bulacan, Rizal, Tayabas, and Camarines in Luzon, and from the Islands of Min-
doro, Lubang, Guimaras, Negros, Panay, Palawan, Balabac, and Mindanao.

Ieora philippinensis is manifestly closely allied to Jxora coccinea Linn., espe-
cially in its sessile or subsessile, cordate leaves and other vegetative characters,

eee See OTe a ee 6 he eS ee eee '

240 MERRILL.

but differs in its very short calyx-teeth, shorter and usually more slender corolla,
which is white or pale-pink, and in its very small, congested, few-flowered cymes.
In spite of its wide distribution in the Philippines I have been unable to refer
it with any degree of satisfaction to any previously described species.

Var. brevituba var. nov.

A typo differt cymis sessilibus vel brevissime pedunculatis, corollae
tubo vix 1 cm longo.

Luzon, Province of Ilocos Norte, Pasuquin, For. Bur. 15527 Merritt & Darling,
November 3, 1908, on limestone formation, hillsides, altitude about 100 m.

Ixora coccinea Linn. apparently does not occur in the Philippines except as an
introduced and cultivated plant.

Ixora littoralis sp. nov. : ;

Arbuscula glabra, erecta ; foliis coriaceis, breviter petiolatis, basi leviter
cordatis, apice acutis vel acuminatis, ovatis vel oblongo-ovatis, usque ad
6 cm longis; cymis depauperatis, congestis, paucifloris, breviter pedun-
culatis, axillaribus terminalibusque ; floribus sessilibus vel brevissime pedi-
cellatis, 1.6 ad 1.8 cm longis, calycis lobis acutis, quam tubus brevioribus.

A glabrous shrub. Branches stout, terete, dark-gray. Leaves ovate
to oblong-ovate, 2.5 to 6 em long, 1 to 3 cm wide, subcoriaceous, brown
and shining when dry, paler beneath, the base rather broad, rounded-
subcordate, apex acute or obscurely acuminate, apiculate; nerves about
8 on each side of the midrib, slender, brown, distinct beneath, the

reticulations rather lax, distinct; petioles about 1 mm long; stipules ©

lanceolate-acuminate, 3 mm long or less. Cymes axillary and termi-
nating short lateral branches, the peduncles 5 to 6 mm long, subtended
by about three pairs of imbricated, distichous bracts about 2.5 mm
long, their bases broad, abruptly caudate-acuminate, the bracts sub-
tending the few branches ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, 2 mm long, the
bracteoles linear, 1 mm long or less. Cymes few-flowered, congested, the
branches only about 2mm long. Flowers in triads, the middle one sessile
or nearly so, the pedicels of the lateral ones 1 to 2 mm long. Calyx 3
mm long, the teeth broadly triangular-ovate, acute, 0.5 mm long. Corolla-
tube 14 to 16 cm long, 1 mm in diameter, the lobes coriaceous, not
reticulated, mottled, elliptic-ovate, 5 mm long, 3 mm wide, acute or obtuse.
Anthers 3.5 mm long, apiculate. Style slightly exserted ; stigma cleft.

Bonor, Tagbilaran, on beach cliffs, Bur. Sci. 1274 McGregor, July, 1906;
flowers white.

A species closely allied to Ivora philippinensis Merr., differing in its smaller
leaves and flowers and frequently axillary inflorescence.

¢

LASIANTHUS Jack.

Lasianthus cyanocarpus Jack in Trans. Linn. Soc. 14 (1823) 125; Hook. f.
Fl. Brit. Ind. 3 (1880) 179; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 112; King in Journ. As.
Soe. Beng. 73? (1904) 113. .

Luzon, Province of Cagayan, Bur. Sci. 7406 Ramos, March, 1909.

The specimen agrees closely with the description and with the single specimen

=

NEW OR NOTEWORTHY PHILIPPINE PLANTS, VIII. 241

available here for comparison; not previously reported from the Philippines
except for the unverified record of F.-Villar; India to the Malay Peninsula and
Archipelago.

LUCINAEA DC.

Lucinaea monocephala sp. nov.

Frutex vel arbor glaber; foliis oblongo-ellipticis, brunneis, nitidis,
acuminatis, usque ad 8 cm longis, nervis utrinque circiter 10, tenuibus ;
capitulis axillaribus, solitariis, pedunculatis, circiter 2 cm diametro.

A shrub or tree, glabrous throughout. Branches terete, rugose, gray
or brown. Leaves oblong-elliptic, brown and shining when dry, paler
beneath, subcoriaceous or thickly chartaceous, 5 to 8 cm long, 1.5 to 3.5
cm wide, the base acute, the apex shortly acuminate, the lower surface
covered wih minute, obscure, whitish, lepidote scales; nerves about 10
on each side of the midrib, slender, not prominent, the reticulations nearly
obsolete ; petioles 1 to 1.5 cm ‘nia Heads axillary, solitary, brown, the
peduncles stout, 3 to 4 cm long, the heads globose, about 2 cm in diameter.
Corolla at least 1 cm long, the petals valvate. Calyx-rim truncate or
subtruncate.

Luzon, Province of Laguna, near Dahican, Bur. Sci. 10034 Ramos, July, 1909
(type). Nearos, Faraon, For. Bur, 19074 Curran.

Apparently most closely allied to Lucinaea ridleyi King, of the Malay Penin-
sula and Borneo, but differing, according to the description of that species, in
a number of characters.

MUSSAENDA Linn.

Mussaenda albiflora sp. nov.

Frutex erectus 2 ad 5 m altus, omnibus partibus plus minus dense
hirsutis; foliis chartaceis, usque ad 30 cm longis, breviter petiolatis,
acuminatis, nervis utrinque 11 ad 15; paniculis terminalibus, floribus
ad apices ramulorum congestis, corollae tubo albo, circiter 2.5 cm longo.

An erect shrub 2 to 5 m high, all parts more or less densely hirsute
with mostly long, spreading, pale or brownish hairs. Branches terete,
reddish-brown or grayish, ultimately glabrous, the young branchlets
densely hirsute. Leaves chartaceous, ovate to oblong-ovate, 11 to 30 cm
long, 6 to 9 em wide, the apex rather slenderly acuminate, the base
more or less decurrent-acuminate and usually slightly inequilateral, both
surfaces with scattered, spreading, long hairs, either pale or brownish,
and especially dense on the midrib and'primary nerves; petioles 1 to 1.5
cm long, densely hirsute; stipules lanceolate, acuminate, about 1 cm long,
usually ultimately cleft. Panicles terminal, all parts more or less clothed
with long or short, mostly spreading hairs, the flowers congested at the
apices of the branchlets, the bracts acuminate, about 7 mm long, the
bracteoles similar, more or less hirsute. Pedicels short, gradually merging
into the slender, slightly hirsute calyx, the calyx-tube about 2 mm in
diameter, the lobes linear-lanceolate, acuminate, hirsute, 6 to 7 mm long,
about 1 mm wide at the base, gradually narrowed upward to the acuminate

Mert ee

‘

PIT! aaa ene eee

24? MERRILL.

apex. Corolla-tube very slender, 2.5 cm long, about 1 mm in diameter,
the antheriferous portion near the apex slightly inflated and about 2 mmi
in diameter, this portion also densely bearded inside, the outside with
scattered, short hairs, the lobes linear-lanceolate, 9 to 10 mm long, 2 mm
wide at the base, gradually narrowed upward to the slenderly acuminate
apex, more or less pubescent. Anthers 4 to 5 mm long. Style 4 to 5 mm
long, cleft one-third to one-half into two arms. The persistent leaf-like,
accrescent calyx-lobe is white, elliptic-ovate, ovate, or oblong-ovate,
membranaceous, 6 to 9 em long, 3 to 5.5 cm wide, 5- to Y-nerved from
the base, the nerves more or less hirsute, the reticulations lax, the apex
shortly and sharply acuminate, the base acute or rounded, the stipe about
2 am long. Fruit fleshy, narrowly obovoid, about 1.3 mm long, black
when dry, with few, long, scattered hairs, the calyx-lobes, other than the
accrescent one, early deciduous.

Necros, Faraon, For. Bur. 17358 (type), 17359 Curran, September, 1909, and
near the same locality, For. Bur. 5539 Everett, September, 1906, For. Bur. 5218
Danao €& Aspillera, June, 1906, in thickets, stream depressions, etc., at low
altitudes, locally known as agboy.

A species well characterized by its long, slender, corolla-tubes which are white
instead of yellow, differing in these characters from all Philippine species known
to me.

Mussaenda philippica A. Rich. in Mém. Soc. Hist. Nat. Paris 5 (1834) 245.

Calycophyllum grandiflorum Meyen Reise 2: 234; Walp. in Nov. Act. Acad. Nat.
Cur. 19 (1843) Suppl. 1: 356.

Mussaenda grandiflora Rolfe in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 21 (1884) 311; Vid.
Rey. Pl. Vase. Filip. (1886) 152, non Benth. (1849).

Mussaenda frondosa Auct. Philip., non Linn.

There are at present about 60 sheets in the herbarium of the Bureau of Science
that are apparently referable to a single variable species, or perhaps to several
closely allied ones. The material has been identified at various times, some
specimens as Mussaenda frondosa Linn., some as M. grandiflora Rolfe, and some as
M. glabra Vahl. Rolfe in 1884 stated that he had seen no Mussaenda frondosa
Linn., from the Philippines, and I can only agree with him in considering that
the typical form of Linneus’ species does not extend to the Archipelago. The
type of Mussaenda frondosa Linn., was from Ceylon, and the Director of the
Botanic Garden at Peradeniya has kindly supplied me with a full series of
Specimens representing the Ceylon plant, presumably some of which are typical
Mussaenda frondosa Linn. None of this Ceylon material matches any of our
Philippine specimens. Mr. Rolfe transferred Calycophyllum grandiflorum Meyen
to Mussaenda, to supply a specific name for the Philippine plant, but overlooked
the fact that the above specific name was invalidated in Mussaenda by the earlier
M. grandiflora Benth. I have accordingly adopted for the Philippine species the
name Mussaenda philippica A. Rich., which was based on material secured in the
Philippines by Perrottet. Whether or not it is the oldest valid name for the
species, I am unable to determine at the present time; some of our Philippine
specimens apparently closely match some Javan and Caroline Islands material
distributed as M. frondosa Linn., and M. glabra Vahl. Mussaenda philippica
A. Rich. is an erect shrub or small tree, not at all scandent, and as at present
interpreted, extends from northern Luzon to southern Mindanao, and will probably
be found to extend to other parts of Malaya.

NEW OR NOTEWORTHY PHILIPPINE PLANTS, VIII. 243

Mussaenda villosa Wall. Cat. (1832) no. 6254; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 3
(1880) 91; King in Journ. As. Soe. Beng. 72? (1903) 184.
What is apparently this species has been collected at Camp Keithley, Lake
Lanao, Mindanao, by Mrs. Clemens, no. 562, and two specimens without number.
The material agrees with Wallich’s species as interpreted by Sir George King l. ¢.,

_ except that the pubescence is pale rather than rusty. It is the only scandent

species at present known from the Philippines; widely distributed in the Malay

Peninsula.
OLDENLANDIA Linn.

Oldenlandia pterita (Bl.) Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. 2 (1857) 193. .

Hedyotis pterita Bl. Bijdr. (1826) 972.

Gonotheca blumei DC. Prodr. 4 (1830) 429.

Oldenlandia alata Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 3 (1880) 70; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880)
107, non Koenig ex Roxb.

Luzon, Province of Cagayan, Bur. Sci. 7824 Ramos, April, 1909. NEGROS,
Cabancalan, Merrill 6430, March, 1910. PALAawan, Puerto Princesa, Bur. Sct.
213 Bermejos, December, 1905. Mrnpanao, District of Davao, DeVore & Hoover
124, April, 1903, Copeland 596, March, 1904: District of Zamboanga, Hallier
s. n., February, 1904. ri

Previously credited to the Philippines by Hooker f., and by F.-Villar. What
is apparently the oldest valid specific name is adopted, for according to Hooker
f., the species originally published by Roxburgh, ascribed to Koenig, is a synonym
of Oldenlandia paniculata Linn.

Widely distributed, India to China, and Malaya.

PRISMATOMERIS Thwaites.

Prismatomeris tetrandra (Roxb.) K. Sch. in Engl. & Prantl. Nat. Pflanzen-
fam. 4% (1891) 138.

Coffea tetrandra Roxb. Fl. Ind. 1 (1882) 538.

Prismatomeris albidiflora Thwaites in Hook. Kew Journ. 7 (1855) 268, ¢.\7;
Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 3 (1880) 159; Trimen Fl. Ceyl. 2 (1894) 355: King in
Journ. As. Soc, Beng. 73? (1904) 90; Valeton in Bull. Inst. Bot. Buitenzorg 8
(1901) 5.

Luzon, Province of Cagayan, Bur. Sci. 7365 Ramos, For. Bur. 13409 Bernardo,
For. Bur. 16592, 17166, 17260 Curran, For. Bur. 14721, 14747 Darling, For. Bur.
18452 Alwarez, February, March, 1909, in forests at from 30 to 200 m altitude.

Some of the specimens cited above differ from the species as described in
having somewhat larger flowers and larger leaves, while others are almost an
exact match for a specimen of Thwaites’ Ceylon plants no. 728 in our herbarium,
All the Luzon material has 5-merous flowers and is much closer to the Ceylon
plant than to several sheets in our herbarium from Perak, Penang, Singapore, and
Java.

No representative of the genus has previously been reported from the Philip-
pines; Ceylon, Burma, Khasia Mountains, Malay Peninsula and Archipelago.

PSYCHOTRIA Linn. ,

Psychotria phanerophlebia sp. nov.

Frutex erectus, ramulis, inflorescentiis, subtus foliis, plus minus dense
castaneo- vel subrubiginoso-pubescentibus ; foliis coriaceis, late oblongo-
oblanceolatis, usque ad 29 cm longis, nervis utrinque circiter 22, pro-
minentibus ; cymis dense congestis, pedunculatis.

MRSA ae ye RB eT

ees. eae ee eee ee lt SPP pe ae? Cert ee wy oe ¥

244 : MERRILL.

An erect shrub. Branches terete, stout, very densely dark-brown-
pubescent. Leaves broadly oblong-oblanceolate, 23 to 29 cm long, 7 to
8 cm wide, the apex acute or very obscurely acuminate, gradually nar-
rowed from about the middle to the acute base, margins recurved, coria-
ceous, reddish-brown when dry, glabrous and shining on the upper surface,
beneath, especially on the midrib and lateral nerves, rather densely
pubescent with short, dark-brown hairs; nerves about 22 on each side
of the midrib, very prominent beneath, anastomosing very close to the
margin, somewhat ascending, the primary reticulations subparallel ;
petioles densely pubescent, stout, about 3 em long. Cymes in the upper
axils, densely dark-brown-pubescent, three or more on each branchlet,
their pedyncles stout, about as long as the petioles, the branches short,
crowded, the primary ones not exceeding 1 cm in length, the flowers
densely congested, the inflorescence 3 cm or less in diameter. Flowers
5-merous, their pedicels stout, 1 to 3 mm long, densely pubescent, the
bracts few, linear-lanceolate, acuminate, about 5 mm long. Calyx pubes-
cent, the tube 4-angled, 4-sulcate, the rim above the ovary somewhat
spreading, 3.5 to 4 mm long, the lobes 5, rarely 6, lanceolate, acuminate,
2 to 2.6 mm long. Corolla unknown.

Luzon, Province of Cagayan, near Pamplona, Bur. Sci. 7404 Ramos, March 17,
1909.

A species well characterized by its dark-brown pubescence, its congested cymes,

and by its very prominently nerved, elongated leaves. It is quite different from
all other Philippine forms known to me.

Psychotria ramosii sp. nov.

Arbuscula circiter 2 m alta, glabra, partibus junioribus inflorescen-
tuisque molliter sublanato-pubescentibus exceptis; foliis membranaceis,
oblongo-ellipticis vel oblongo-obovatis, in sicco nitidis, pallidis, apice
acuminatis, basi angustatis, nervis utrinque circiter 12; cymis axillaribus,
pedunculatis, paucifloris, plus minus dense pallide sublanato-pubescenti-
bus.

A shrub about 2 m high. Branches terete, glabrous, smooth, dark-
colored. Leaves membranaceous, oblong-elliptic to oblong-obovate, 10
to 12 cm long, 4 to 5 cm wide, pale and shining when dry, the apex
shortly and obtusely acuminate, the base gradually narrowed, acute or
acuminate; nerves about 12 on each side of the midrib, prominent
beneath, the midrib and lateral nerves with weak, scattered, crisped
hairs; petioles about 2 cm long; stipules deciduous, broadly ovate, pubes-
cent, about 5 mm long. Cymes in the upper axils; several from each
branchlet, the peduncles slender, 2 to 3 em long, all parts more or less
densely covered with weak, soft, pale, somewhat woolly hairs. Flowers
white, their pedicels 1 to 2 mm long, densely pubescent. Calyx 4 to 5
mm long, densely pubescent, the lobes 5, ovate, acute or acuminate, 2 mm

ee Ee ee ee eee

NEW OR NOTEWORTHY PHILIPPINE PLANTS, VIII. 245

long. Corolla glabrous, the tube cylindric, 3 mm long, the lobes 5, more
or less spreading, coriaceous, oblong-ovate, 3 mm long, acute or obtuse.
Anthers about 1 mm long. Style and stigma together 2.5 mm long.
Ovary 2-celled, each cell with a single ovule.

Luzon, Province of Cagayan, near Pamplona, Bur. Sci. 7499 Ramos, March 17,
1909.

A species differing from all Philippine forms known to me in its sublanate

inflorescence,
RANDIA Linn.

Rahdia ticaensis sp. nov.

Arbor circiter 6 m alta, glabra; ramulis teretibus, foliis breviter petiol-
atis, oblongis vel oblongo-ovatis, chartaceis, acuminatis, basi angustatis,
leviter cordatis, nervis utrinque circiter 9; floribus axillaribus, solitariis
vel fasciculatis, calycis lobis sub fructu lanceolato-acuminatis, circiter 4
mm. longis.

A glabrous tree about 6 m high. Branches terete, grayish, slender.
Leaves oblong or oblong-ovate, chartaceous, brown and only slightly
shining when dry, 10 to 13 cm long, 3 to 5.5 em wide, the apex acu-

_minate, the base somewhat narrowed and then abruptly rounded-sub-

cordate; nerves about 9 on each side of the midrib, distinct, somewhat
ascending, obscurely anastomosing, the reticulations faint, lax; petioles
about 2 mm long; stipules setaceous or lanceolate-acuminate, 4 to 4.5
mm long. Flowers unknown, but the fruits axillary, solitary or two in
an axil, very shortly pedicelled, black when dry, globose, about 11 mm
in diameter (not quite mature), glabrous, the calyx-tube subpersistent,
eylindric, slightly puberulent, 3 mm long, with five spreading, lanceolate-
acuminate, 4 mm long, 3-nerved lobes, the tube ultimately deciduous.

Ticao, Linadlaran Point, For. Bur, 12547 Rosenbluth, December 24, 1908, on
steep hillsides at an altitude of about 30 m, locally known as turutulang. Allied
to R. cumingiana Vid., but quite distinct.

Randia stenophylla sp. nov.

Frutex vel arbor parvus, plus minus puberulus; foliis lanceolatis vel
anguste lanceolatis, subcoriaceis, basi acutis, apice acuminatis, usque ad
8 cm longis} 1.2 em latis; cymis axillaribus, pedunculatis, vel floribus
solitariis ; floribus circiter 5 mm longis, 5-meris; fructibus carnosis,, glo-
bosis vel ovoideis, circiter 1 em diametro.

An erect shrub or small tree, the branches, leaves and inflorescence
more or less grayish-puberulent. Branches slender, terete. Leaves lance-
olate or narrowly lanceolate, 3.5 to 8 cm long, 0.5 to 1.2 em wide,
subcoriaceous, scarcely shining when dry, brown, ultimately glabrous or
nearly so on the upper surface, base acute, apex acuminate ; lateral nerves
faint, about 13 on each side of the midrib, sometimes nearly obsolete ;
petioles puberulent, 1 to 2 mm long; stipules ovate, acuminate, puberu-

246 MERRILL.

lent, 2 to 3 mm long. Flowers axillary, solitary, or two on a more or
less elongated peduncle, the peduncle, when present, 12 mm long or less,
puberulent, with 2, opposite, lanceolate-acuminate, puberulent, 3 mm
long bracts at the apex, subtending two flowers. Flowers sessile or
shortly pedicelled. Calyx puberulent, the tube funnel-shaped, about 2
mm long, the lobes more or less spreading, 5, ovate-oblong, acuminate,
2.5 mm long. Corolla-tube 3 mm long, villous within, the lobes oblong,
3 to 3.5 mm long, acute or acuminate, recurved or spreading. Anthers
2.5 mm long, scarcely exserted. Style 2 mm long, glabrous; stigma
cleft, 2.5 to 3 mm long, densely villous. Fruit red, soft and fleshy,
apparently globose or ovoid and about 1 cm in diameter, the seeds
numerous, ovoid, about 3 mm long.

Luzon, Province of Bulacan, Norzagaray, on rocky river banks, For. Bur. 7170
Curran, June 16, 1907.

A species well characterized by its very narrow leaves and small, axillary,

solitary or paired flowers, which may be sessile, or pedunculate; probably most
closely allied to Randia angatensis F.-Vill., but quite different from that species.

TIMONIUS DC.

Timonius macrophyllus sp. nov.

Arbor circiter 10 m alta, partibus junioribus, subtus foliis, ramulis
inflorescentiisque plus minus fulvo-hirsuto-villosis; foliis coriaceis, ob-
ovatis, usque ail 23 cm longis, apice rotundatis, basi acutis, nervis utrinque
8 vel 9, prominentibus; inflorescentiis brevibus, dense pubescentibus,
floribus 4-meris, secundis, spicatis; fructibus subovoideis, circiter 7 mm
longis, leviter longitudinaliter 4-sulcatis, pyrenis 25 ad 30.

A tree about 10 m high. Branches light-gray, subterete, rather stout,
apical portions more or less compressed and pubescent. Leaves obovate,
17 to 23 em long, 12 to 14 em wide, the apex rounded, the base acute,
coriaceous, brown and shining when dry, glabrous on the upper surface,
beneath sparingly hirsute-villous, especially on the midrib and lateral
nerves; nerves'8 or 9 on each side of the midrib, prominent, curved-
anastomosing, the primary reticulations curved, subparallel, prominent ;
petioles stout, about 1 cm long. Inflorescence in the upper axils, at
most 7 cm long, consisting of two or three branches 2 to 3 em in length
or less, densely fulvous-villous, the branches bearing numerous, crowded,
sessile flowers along one side. Flowers 4-merous, cylindric. Calyx 3
mm long, the rim produced about 1.5 mm above the ovary, truncate,
densely fulvous-villous outside. Corolla (in bud) 3.5 mm long, the four
lobes oblong, obtuse, 3 mm long. Anthers 4, alternating with the corolla-
lobes, 3 mm long. Style 4-angled, cleft into four arms about 2 mm in
length, each arm again minutely cleft at the apex. Ovary 4-celled, each
cell with from 5 to 7, rarely more locelli. Fruit subovoid, about 7 mm
long, 6 mm in diameter, slightly hairy, with four rounded angles and

NEW OR NOTEWORTHY PHILIPPINE PLANTS, VIII. 247

somewhat longitudinally 4-suleate, 4-celled, each cell with from 5 to 7
or more pyrenes.

SAMAR, near Catbalogan, For. Bur. 12856 Rosenbluth, February 7, 1909,
hillsides along streams at an altitude of about 200 m, locally known as canilan.

A species well characterized by its ample leaves, its secund spicate flowers and
its pubescent younger parts, inflorescence, and leaves. In its foliage it is some-

-what suggestive of Timonius stipulosus Val., but is very distinct from that

species.
UROPHYLLUM Wall.

Urophyllum elliptifolium sp. nov.
Arbuscula erecta circiter 3 m alta, partibus junioribus plus minus

- furfuraceis exceptis glabra ; foliis ellipticis vel oblongo-ellipticis, coriaceis,

nitidis, basi acutis vel acuminatis, apice rotundatis vel breviter late
acuminatis, nervis utrinque circiter 12, subtus prominentibus; umbellis
axillaribus, solitariis, breviter pedunculatis; fructibus paucis, carnosis,
ovoideis, circiter 7 mm longis.

An erect shrub about 3 m high. Branches brownish or grayish, terete,
or the younger ones somewhat compressed, the tips of the branches, leaf-
axils, stipules, and petioles of the younger leaves with few to many, thin,
small, ultimately deciduous, appressed, pale scales. Leaves elliptic to
oblong-elliptic, coriaceous, shining, rather pale when dry, 8 to 12 cm long,
3.5 to 6 cm wide, the base acute or somewhat acuminate, the apex rounded
or shortly and broadly acuminate; primary nerves about 12, prominent
beneath, spreading, curved, anastomosing, the alternating secondary ones
also prominent, the reticulations distinct; petioles 1.5 to 3 cm long;
stipules oblong, rounded, 1.5 cm long, furfuraceous, deciduous. Flowers
unknown. Fruit in solitary, axillary umbels, the peduncles about 8 mm
long, with few small bracts at the apex, each peduncle bearing from -
three to five ovoid fruits about 7 mm long, 5 mm in diameter, glabrous,
their pedicels about as long as the peduncles. Seeds very numerous,
pale-brown, 0.5 mm long, densely and finely foveolate.

PALAWAN, Mount Pulgar, For. Bur. 3871 Curran, February, 1906, on forested ,
slopes, altitude 700 to 1,300 m.

Possibly as closely allied to the Bornean Urophyllum subaneurum Stapf as
to any other species, but quite distinct from that.

Urophyllum negrosense sp. nov.

Arbuscula erecta, ramulis foliis subtus ad nervos, stipulis bracteisque
plus minus ciliato-hirsutis; foliis late oblongo-lanceolatis, submembrana-
ceis, usque ad 18 cm longis, apice sensim subcaudato-acuminatis, basi
acutis, nervis utrinque circiter 16; stipulis oblongis, membranaceis, usque
ad 2.5 em longis; floribus axillaribus, sessilibus, fasciculatis.

An erect shrub (fide Everett). Branches terete, brownish, glabrous or
nearly so. Leaves broadly oblong-lanceolate, submembranaceous, 15 to

959486

248 MERRILL.

18 cm long, 4 to 5 em wide, the apex gradually narrowed to the slender,
subcaudate acumen, the base acute, rather pale when dry, shining on both
surfaces, glabrous on the upper surface, beneath with numerous, pale,
spreading or somewhat appressed ciliate hairs on the midrib and nerves,
otherwise glabrous ; nerves about 16 on each side of the midrib, prominent,

curved-ascending, anastomosing near the margin, the primary reticula-

tions distinct, subparallel; petioles 1 to 1.5 cm long, glabrous or slightly
ciliate; stipules membranaceous, oblong, subpersistent, 2 to 2.5 em long,
rather densely ciliate on the back. Flowers few, avyillary, fascicled,
apparently sessile. Fruit fleshy, ovoid, about 1.3 cm long, somewhat
villous, crowned by the ovate, obtuse calyx-lobes which are more or less
villous and 5 to 6 mm long.

Necros, Himugaan River, in ravines at an altitude of about 50 m, For. Bur.
5550 Everett (type), October 25, Oh no fruit green when collected; said to be
abundant locally; Faraon, For. Bur. 13574 Meyer & Foxworthy, August, 1909.

A species probably closely allied to 2 ea streptopodium Wall., but with
quite different leaves and much larger persistent. calyx-lobes.

VILLARIA Rolfe.

Villaria acutifolia (Elmer) comb. nov.

Gardenia acutifolia Elmer Leafl. Philip. Bot. 1 (1906) 6.

MINDANAO, District of Davao, Davao, Copeland 437 (type): Padada, Williams
2975.

The original description of this species was based on two specimens, the first
one cited being Copeland 437, which I assume to be the type of the species. The
second specimen cited, Ahern 457, “457, Forestry Bureau, collected by J. F. Qua-
dras,” from Dinagat Island, is also a Villaria, and is probably referable to
V. philippinensis Rolfe. The original description must be emended as follows:
Leaves chartaceous, apex acuminate, base rounded or acute. Flowers mostly
solitary, axillary, rarely in short, 3-flowered, cymes, the inflorescence and calyx
puberulent (not glabrous), the peduncles in fruit not exceeding 2 em in length,
each subtended by two lanceolate, acuminate, puberulent bracts, no bracts or
bracteoles above the base. Calyx puberulent, up to 1.5 em long, sometimes
4-merous. The flowers were apparently described from immature buds, but the
dissected material was not preserved, and there are no buds or open flowers left
on the type sheet. Open flowers on Mr. Williams’ specimen are white, the corolla
tube cylindric, 4 mm long, the lobes 4 or 5, elliptic, rounded, 4 mm long, 2.5 mm
wide, the throat pubescent. Anthers 4 mm long, inserted on the throat, not
exserted; style 2 mm long, glabrous; stigma oblong, 4 mm long, 1.5 mm_ wide,
felted-pubescent. The description of the fruit must be excluded as it was based
on Ahern 457, and refers to Villaria philippinensis.

The species is well characterized by its usually solitary flowers, the pedicels
bibracteate at the base, the inflorescence more or less puberulent, and especially by
the calyx-lobes exceeding the corolla in length.

The form deseribed by Mr. Elmer, 1. ¢., as Gardenia elliptica is exactly the
same as Villaria littoralis Vidal.

NEW OR NOTEWORTHY PHILIPPINE PLANTS, VIII. 249

GOODENOVIACEZ.
SCAEVOLA Linn.

Scaevola acuminatissima sp. nov. § Hnantiophyllum.

Scandens, glabra, vel inflorescentiis plus minus pubescentibus; foliis
oppositis, ovato-lanceolatis vel late oblongo-lanceolatis, membranaceis,
nitidis, leviter distanter denticulatis, basi acutis, apice longissime caudato-
acuminatis, usque ad 11 em longis; pedunculis axillaribus, brevibus,
saepe trifloris ; oribus aurantiacis, 5-meris, circiter 2.5 cm longis.

A scandent herbaceous vine, nearly glabrous throughout, the stems
brownish, slightly striate, up to 3.5 mm in diameter, the branches and
leaves opposite. Leaves ovate-lanceolate to broadly oblong-lanceolate,
membranaceous, shining, entirely glabrous, 6 to 11 em long, 2 to 3 cm
wide, the base acute, the apex gradually narrowed into a long, slender,
straight or somewhat falcate, caudate acumen, the margins entire or
distantly and slightly denticulate; nerves about 6 on each side of the
midrib, slender, anastomosing, the reticulations lax; petioles 5 mm long
or less. Peduncles axillary, solitary, 5 to 10 mm long, more or less
appressed-pubescent, the axils of the stems at the insertion of the pedun-
cles also usually pubescent, each peduncle bearing 3, rarely 5 flowers, the
pedicels 5 mm long or less, the bracts at the apex of the peduncles narrow,
up to 4mm in length. Flowers yellow. Calyx-tube oblong, glabrous or
nearly so, in anthesis 2 to 3 mm long, the lobes 5, lanceolate, acuminate,
about 3.5 mm long, 1 mm wide. Corolla 2 to 2.2 em long, nearly glabrous
outside or with very few, scattered, appressed hairs, villous within, the
lobes 5, lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, 6 to 9 mm long, 1.8
to 2 mm wide, 3-nerved, the corolla-tube 15-nerved. Filaments slender,
glabrous, 8 to 9 mm long; anthers about 2 mm in length. Style glabrous,
13 mm long, the stigma flattened, 2 to 2.5 mm wide, slightly horned at
the upper corners, surrounded by a cup 2 to 2.5 mm in diameter which is
densely ciliate on the margins. Fruits oblong-ellipsoid, about 9 mm long,
3.5 mm in diameter, somewhat longitudinally suleate, black when dry,
glabrous.

Minporo, Arunay River, For. Bur, 12125 (type), 12133 Merritt, May 8, 1908,
in forests at an altitude of about 600 m.

A species allied to the Philippine Scaevola dajoensis Merr., of Jolo, S. mina-
hassae Koord., of Mindanao and Celebes, S. similis Hemsl., of Celebes, S. novo-
guineensis IK. Schum., of New Guinea, 8. oppositifola Roxb., of Ternate, and
S. amboinensis Miq., of Amboina. Specimens sent to Kew for comparison were
reported as “nearest S. novo-guineensis, differing from it in having larger flowers

and an almost glabrous corolla.” Among the Philippine species it is manifestly
allied to S. dajoensis Merr., but differs in its much larger flowers.

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250 MERRILL.

Scaevola mindorensis sp. nov. § Hnantiophyllum.

Species praecedenti valde affinis, differt foliis pro rata latioribus, mar-
gine distincte sinuato-dentatis, subtus plus minus pubescentibus, ramulis
leviter pilosis, inflorescentiis floribusque dense pubescentibus.

A scandent herbaceous vine similar to Scaevola acuminatissima, differ-
ing in the points above indicated. Branches brown or grayish, striate,
pilose, the younger ones rather densely so. Leaves ovate-oblong, mem-
branaceous, 5 to 7 cm long, 2 to 3 em wide, base acute, apex slenderly
subcaudate-acuminate, margins distinctly sinuate-dentate, the lower sur-
face: with numerous, short, scattered, spreading hairs, the upper surface
glabrous or with very few hairs. Peduncles axillary, solitary, 1 to 2 cm
long, densely pubescent, each usually bearing three flowers, and also two
much reduced leaves at the apex, the pedicels about 5 mm in length, the
bracteoles 1.5 mm long. Flowers yellow, 5-merous. Calyx-tube 4 mm
long, rather densely pubescent, the lobes 5, lanceolate, about 5 mm long,
1.2 to 1.4 mm wide, acuminate. Corolla outside rather strongly pubes-
cent, villous within, 2.2 cm long, the lobes 8 mm long, 2 to 2.5 mm wide,
3-nerved, the tube 15-nerved. Filamants glabrous. Style glabrous, 13
mm long, the cup surrounding*the stigma not only densely ciliate on the
margins, but also with numerous long white cilia on the outside.

Mrinporo, Mount Sablayan, For. Bur. 9756 Merritt, March 2, 1908, on the
exposed cleared summit at an altitude of about 1,000 m.

Specimens sent to Kew for comparison were reported as “nearest S. similis

Hemsl., but with longer peduncles.” It differs also from that species, as described,
in its 5-merous, not 4-merous, much larger flowers and its different calyx-teeth.

Scaevola sericea Forst. Prodr. (1786) 89; Pres] Rel. Haenk. 2 (1830) 57;
DC. Prodr. 7 (1839) 506.

Luzon, Haenke in Herb, Mus. Kénigr. Bihmen, Prague: Province of Ilocos
Sur, Salomague, Merrill 339.

This species is apparently much less common in the Philippines than is
S. koenigii Vahl, and is to me sufficiently distinct from Vahl’s species to warrant
being given specific rank, although recent authors have treated it as a synonym
of S. koenigii Vahl. It differs from 8, koenigii in being pubescent throughout, the
inflorescence very densely so. I have what is apparently the same form from
Java, and from the Caroline Islands, Yap, Volkens 133, distributed as S. koeniqii
Vahl. ’

_Scaevola micrantha Presl Rel. Haenk. 2 (1830) 59; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. 2
(1856) 582; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 121.

Luzon, Province of Albay, on barren rocky hills, altitude about 120 m, near
Calanaga, Batan Island, Bur. Sci. 6289 Robinson, August 23, 1908. I have also
examined the type in the herbarium of the Museum des Kénigreichs Bihmen,
Prague, and find it to be quite the same as the specimen collected by Doctor
Robinson. Haenke’s specimen probably came from what is now the Province
of Albay, or from Sorsogon.

The species is a very distinct one, as indicated by Presl. It is, perhaps, most
closely allied to 8S. plumieri Vahl, but its flowers are less than 1 em in length.

MCT lee

NEW OR NOTEWORTHY PHILIPPINE PLANTS, VIII. 251"

Scaevola pedunculata sp. nov.

Species S. micranthae affinis, sed differt ramulis foliis inflorescentiisque
glabris, axillis barbatis exceptis, foliis longioribus, cymis longe peduncu-
latis, floribus paulo longioribus.

A shrub 2 to 4 m high, erect, nearly glabrous, axils excepted. Branches
terete, smooth, olivaceous, glabrous, the axils of the leaves and pedun-
cles densely bearded with long white hairs. Leaves distant, scat-
tered, chartaceous or submembranaceous, narrowly oblong-obovate or
oblong-oblanceolate, glabrous and shining on both surfaces, 6 to 10 cm
long, 1.5 to 3 cm wide, the apex broad, rounded or very slightly and
obscurely acuminate, gradually narrowed from the upper third to the
base, the. petiolar part about 1 cm long; nerves about 8 on each side of
the midrib, indistinct. Cymes axillary, solitary, as long as the leaves,
glabrous except the densely bearded axils of the branches and bracts,
the peduncles about 5 em long, each bearing at its apex two linear-lance-
olate to subspatulate 1 to 1.5 em long bracts, and four primary branches
about 1.5 em long, the branches in turn bracteate at their apices and
bearing usually four shorter branchlets, the ultimate ones bearing usually
three flowers, a central sessile one, and two lateral pedicellate ones, the
bracteoles about 5 mm long. Flowers white. Calyx 2.5 mm long, gla-
brous, the five teeth broadly ovate, acute, about 1 mm long. Corolla 1
em long, slightly curved, somewhat pubescent outside but not densely so,
pilose inside, the lobes about 4 mm long, with broad, thin, infolded
margins. Style slightly silky, the indusium surrounding the’ stigma
densely ciliate. Drupe glabrous, obscurely costate, about 3 mm long.

PALAWAN, on rocky river banks, altitude about 175 m, Mount Victoria, Bur.
Sci. 744 Foaworthy, March 25, 1906.

A species manifestly allied to 8. micrantha Presl, but apparently sufficiently
distinct, recognizable by its somewhat larger leaves, long peduncled cymes, the

axils of the peduncles, leaves, bracts and bracteoles densely bearded with long
white hairs, the plant otherwise glabrous or nearly so.

Scaevola pedunculata var. mollis var. nov.

A typo differt omnibus partibus dense breviter pubescentibus.

PALAWAN, Mount Victoria, altitude about 1,000 m, Bur. Sci. 700 Foxworthy,
March 23, 1906.

The specimen on which the above variety is based in all essential characters
is the same as the type, differing in being softly and rather densely pubescent
throughout with short grayish hairs. The flowers appear to be quite the same
as in the species, but the fruits are slightly pubescent. Additional material may
show this form to be worthy of specific rank, but it is considered best for the
present to consider it as a variety only. It is apparently more closely allied to
S. micrantha Presl than is the species, but differs from Presl’s species in all the
characters indicated for S. pedunculata except in its pubescence, and in this
it is very decidedly more pubescent than is 8. micrantha Presl. Logically, if
Scaevola sericea Forst. is to be considered specifically distinct from 8. koenigti

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252 MERRILL.

Vahl, then perhaps the present variety should be given specific rank. -However,
the material on which the species and the variety are based, came from the
same region, although at different altitudes, and was collected on the same date,
and the pubescence of the latter may be a character largely due to altitude.

COMPOSITAE.
VERNONIA Schreb.

Vernonia elmeri sp. nov.

Gynura angulosa Elmer Leafl. Philip. Bot. 1 (1906) 146, excl. syn., non DC.

Herba scandens, usque ad 3 m alta, foliis subtus, ramulis, inflorescen-
tiisque leviter pubescentibus; foliis alternis, petiolatis, oblongo-ovatis vel
lanceolato-ovatis, valde acuminatis, margine distanter denticulatis; in-
florescentiis terminalibus, corymboso-panéculatis, capitulis pedunculatis,
circiter 1 cm longis; floribus purpureis.

A scandent herbaceous plant reaching a height of at least 3m. Stems
and branches terete, striate, appressed-pubescent with grayish hairs.
Leaves alternate, oblong-ovate to lanceolate-ovate, or the upper ones
nearly lanceolate, 4 to 8 em long, 1 to 3 cm wide, the upper ones often
smaller, chartaceous or submembranaceous, gradually narrowed into the
sharply acuminate apex, the base acute or broad and rounded, the mar-
gins with distant, small teeth, somewhat pubescent with scattered hairs
on both surfaces, or nearly glabrous above, glandular-punctate beneath ;
petioles 3 to 4 mm long, pubescent. Panicles terminal, corymbose,
slightly pubescent. Heads comparatively few, about 1 em long. Inyolu-
cral bracts 5- or 6-seriate, the outer ones gradually smaller, and the quter-
most almost linear, 1 to 1.5 mm long, all pubescent, the innermost ones
about 5 mm long, 1 to 1.3 mm wide, apiculate-acuminate, slightly keeled.
Disk at first paleaceous with short scales, ultimately quite glabrous.
Flowers all hermaphrodite, homogamous, tubular, purple. Achenes about
1 mm long, slightly pubescent, obscurely ribbed; pappus white, copious,
about 6 mm long, with a few very short hairs in the outer series. Corolla
about 9 mm long, cleft at the apex into 5, oblong-lanceolate, about 3 mm
long lobes; style exserted, the arms 2 mm long; anthers 2.5 mm long,
apex blunt or acute, hyaline, base shortly cleft.

PALAWAN, Separation Point, Merrill 793, February, 1903; San Antonio Bay,
Merrill 5256, October, 1906; Mount Victoria, Bur. Sci. 703 Foaworthy, March,
1905. Luzon, Province of Nueva Vizcaya, Bur. Sci. 8196 Ramos, May, 1909,
MINDANAO, Lake Lanao, Mrs. Clemens 915, January, 1907.

This species is apparently closely allied to Vernonia cinerea (L.) Less., but is
at once distinguishable by its much larger size, scandent habit, and larger leaves
and ,heads. “In floral structure it is exceedingly similar to that species. It was
referred by Mr. Elmer to Gynura angulosa DC., but does not remotely resemble
that species, and is, moreover, not a member of the Senecioneae. The structure of
the involucre at once distinguishes it from Gynura and allied genera. More ma-
terial is necessary to dispose of Gynura sarmentosa Elm., l. ¢. (non DC.!), as the
specimen referred to it by that author, Copeland 1258, is very similar to some

yo a

NEW OR NOTEWORTHY PHILIPPINE PLANTS, VIII. 253

forms of the species above described, and is certainly cogeneric, if not cospecific
with it; the specimen is, however, young, and additional material may show more
marked points of differentiation.

Vernonia acrophila sp. nov. § Strobocalyx.

Arbor parva, circiter 5 m alta, subglabra; foliis coriaceis, oblongo-
ovatis, acuminatis, circiter 3.5 cm longis; corymbis terminalibus, plus
minus congestis, capitulis 3- vel 4-floris, squamis imbricatis, plus minus
puberulis, margine obscure ciliatis; achenio 2 mm longo, glanduloso.

A small tree about 5 m high, the trunk 15 em in diameter, subglabrous.
Branches short, stiff, the ultimate ones more or less crowded, black or
grayish, lenticellate, glabrous or nearly so. Leaves oblong-ovate, coria-
ceous, about 3.5 em long, 1.2 to 1.5 em wide, the apex shortly acuminate,
acumen blunt, base acute or acuminate, the margins somewhat reflexed,
glabrous, dark-colored when dry; nerves 5 or 6 on each side of the midrib,
distant, anastomosing, distinct beneath; petioles slender, 4 to 6 mm long.
Inflorescence terminal, somewhat congested, subglabrous. Involucral
bracts several-seriate, the outer ones ovate, obtuse, 1 mm long or less, the
inner ones gradually longer, the innermost oblong, 2.5 to 3 mm long and
deciduous, all slightly puberulent or nearly glabrous, the margins ob-
scurely ciliate. Achenes 3 or 4 in each involucre, 2 mm long, irregularly
and obscurely angled, and with numerous, scattered, waxy glands ; pappus-
hairs stiff, seabrid, about 24, 4 mm long, with a number of shorter sup-
plementary ones intermixed, these 1 mm long or less.

Luzon, Province of Zambales, Mount Tapulao, For. Bur. 8057 Curran &
Merritt, October 13, 1907, in the elfinwood, exposed peaks, above an altitude of
2,000 m.

As Vernonia arborea Ham. is interpreted by Hooker f., perhaps the present
form would be ineluded, possibly as a variety or as a reduced form. It differs so
strongly in its very much reduced leaves and in being nearly glabrous throughout,
that it has been considered to be worthy of specific rank.

Vernonia lancifolia sp. nov. § Strobocalyz.

Vernonia arborea Merr. in Philip. Journ, Sei. 1 (1906) Suppl. 138, non Ham.

Arbor subglabra 4 ‘ad 5 m alta; foliis lanceolatis, valde acuminatis,
usque ad 12 em longis, 2.5 cm latis, coriaceis vel subcoriaceis, glabris,
subtus glandulosis, nervis utrinque 9 ad 12, distinctis; squamis puber-
ulis; achenio 2 ad 2.4 mm longo.

A tree 4 to 5 m high, nearly glabrous throughout. Branches grayish
to nearly black, terete, glabrous, the ultimate branchlets sometimes pubes-
cent. Leaves coriaceous, lanceolate, 5 to 12 em long, 1.5 to 2.5 em wide,
glabrous, somewhat shining above when dry, the apex sharply subcaudate-
acuminate, the base acute or acuminate, the lower surface with numerous,
minute, yellow, shining, waxy glands; nerves 9 to 12 on each side of the
midrib, beneath distinct, anastomosing, the reticulations rather lax ; peti-
oles slender, 3 to 10 mm long. Inflorescence terminal, 6 to 12 cm in
diameter, glabrous or nearly so, or the branchlets somewhat pubescent.

3
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254 MERRILL.

Outer involucral scales suborbicular, less than 1 mm long, pubescent, the
inner ones gradually longer, the innermost less pubescent, deciduous, 2 to
2.5 mm long, obtuse. Achenes 3 or 4 in each involucre, when mature
nearly terete, when young more distinctly angled, 2 to 2.4 mm long,
sometimes distinctly waxy-glandular, at other times with very few,
scattered, short hairs; pappus bristles stiff, about 30, 4 to 4.5 mm long,
with numerous shorter ones less than 1 mm long intermixed.

| Luzon, Province of Bataan, Mount Mariveles, Merrill 3200, Williams 420
| (type), Elmer 6695, Whitford s. n., summit of the mountain, altitude about
1,400 m: Province of Tayabas, Mount Malaraya, For. Bur. 7841, 7844 Curran &
Merritt, November, 1907, altitude about 1,000 m.
A species like the preceding allied to Vernonia arborea Ham., differing in being
nearly glabrous and especially in its much narrower, smaller, lanceolate leaves
| which are glandular beneath. It is manifestly allied to the preceding species but
' has very much larger leaves,
!
;

BLUMEA Dc.

Blumea confertiflora sp. nov.

Herba erecta, robusta, circiter 1 m alta; foliis sessilibus, basi angus-
tatis, plus minus decurrentibus, oblongo-ellipticis vel oblongo-obovatis,
usque ad 12 em longis, subcoriaceis, breviter acuminatis, margine irreg-
ulariter sinuato-denticulatis ; capitulis circiter 1 cm diametro, in ramulis
ultimis densissime congestis, sessilibus vel breviter pedunculatis.

An erect, robust herb about 1 m high. Stems stout, dark-brown or
purplish, longitudinally striate, more or less pubescent, apparently un-
branched, except the inflorescence. Leaves sessile, oblong-elliptic to
oblong-oboyate, the apex shortly acuminate, the base gradually narrowed,
| the margins irregularly sinuate-denticulate with small teeth, not at all
| lobed, 6 to 12 cm long, 2.5 to 4 em’ wide, coriaceous or subcoriaceous,
: slightly shining when dry, somewhat pubescent with short hairs on both
| surfaces, paler beneath; nerves about 9 on each side of the midrib; leaf-

bases sometimes decurrent along the stem for 2 to 3. em. Panicle-branches
rather few, the lower ones up to 40 cm long and subtended by leaves,
| ascending, the secondary ones very short, mostly less than 1 cm long,
pubescent, each bearing numerous, densely disposed heads which are ses-
sile or shortly peduncled. Heads 8 to 9 mm long, about 1 cm in diameter.
Involucral bracts many-seriate, the outer ones oblong-ovate to oblong-
lanceolate, about 2 mm long, 1.2 mm wide, pubescent, the inner ones
gradually longer, the innermost about 6 mm long, 0.5 to 1 mm wide,
slightly hairy, acuminate, the margins toward the apex more or less
| ciliate. Flowers yellow, heterogamous, the outer ones indefinite (more
than 100), pistillate; achenes 1 to 1.2 mm long, somewhat angled, slightly
| hairy ; pappus hairs about 20, white, slender, scabrid, 5 mm long; corolla
cylindric, slender, 5 mm long, minutely 3-toothed ; style-arms slender,
exserted, less than 1 mm long. Disk-flowers perfect, about 14 in each

Ee ee ee Ll ee

NEW OR NOTEWORTHY PHILIPPINE PLANTS, VIII. 255

head; corolla 5 mm long, enlarged above, the teeth 5, ovate, acute or
obtuse, less than 0.5 mm long; anthers 2 mm long, the tails very slender,
less than 0.55 mm in length; style-arms stout, blunt, 0.5 mm long. Disk
pitted, glabrous or with very few, short, scattered hairs.

Minporo, For. Bur. 11027 Merritt, March, 1908 (type), the specimen from
the southwestern part of the island; also For. Bur. 11016 Merritt from Mount
Sablayan, exposed summit of the mountain at edge of the forest, altitude about
970 m, March 2, 1908.

A species characterized by its comparatively large heads which are glomerate
on the ultimate panicle-branches. Among the Philippine species it is probably
most closely allied to Blumea mindanaensis Merr.

Blumea longipes sp. nov.

Herba erecta ramosa, usque ad 80 cm alta; foliis oblongobovatis vel
oblongo-oblanceolatis, submembranaceis, usque ad 10 cm longis, petiolatis,
acutis vel rotundatis, basi sensim angustatis, plus minus repando-dentatis,
vix lobatis; paniculis diffusis, ramis ramulisque glandulosis, pedunculis
solitariis, gracilibus, usque ad 2.5 em longis; capitulis 0.8 cm longis.

An erect, much branched, aromatic herb about 80 cm in height. Stems
stout, brownish or purplish, slightly striate, more or less puberulent,
ultimately nearly glabrous, 5 mm in diameter or less. Leaves oblong-
obovate to oblong-oblanceolate, submembranaceous, the apex rounded or
acute, the base gradually narrowed, the margins somewhat repand-dentate
but not lobed, those of the stem 7 to 10 cm long, 1.5 to 3 cm wide, those
of the branches often much smaller and usually more pubescent. Pani-
cles rather diffuse, the branches and branchlets slender, mostly densely
glandular and often also somewhat pubescent, the peduncles solitary, 0.5
to 2.5 em long, slender, glandular. Heads 7 to 8 mm long, about 1 cm
in diameter. Involucral bracts many-seriate, the outer ones about 2 mm
long, 0.5 mm wide, the inner gradually longer, the innermost 5 mm long
and 0.56 mm wide, the outer ones usually prominently glandular, the
innermost ones ciliate above and slightly glandular in the median por-

tion. Flowers yellow, heterogamous, the outer ones pistillate, indefi-

nite, many-seriate; achenes minute, 1 mm long, slightly angled, very
obscurely pubescent with few, short, scattered hairs; pappus hairs slender,
white, minutely scabrid, 3 mm long; corolla slender, cylindric, 4 mm
long, very obscurely 3-toothed ; style exserted, the arms filiform, less than
1 mm long. Disk-flowers perfect, about 14; achene like that of the
pistillate flowers but stouter; corolla enlarged above, 5-toothed, the teeth
0.5 mm long, acute, slightly glandular; stamens 2 mm long, the tails
minute, less than 0.5 mm long; style-arms about 0.8 mm long, slender.
Disk glabrous, pitted.

MINDANAO, Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley, Mrs. Clemens 893 (type), January,
1907; also unnumbered specimens collected in May and June.

A species growing in the open grass lands about Lake Lanao, characterized
by its very glandular inflorescence and by its long-peduncled heads.

en eee Pee! hee ek |

256 MERRILL.

Blumea mindanaensis sp. nov.

Herba erecta vix vel parce ramosa, stricta, usque ad 1 m alta; foliis
sessilibus, oblongis vel oblongo-obovatis, subcoriaceis, scabridis, plus minus
pubescentibus, margine irregulariter denticulatis ; capitulis in ramuis plus
minus congestis, circiter 1.7 em diametro.

An erect stout herb about 1 m high, slightly or not at all branched,
except the inflorescence. Stems stout, brown or purplish, striate, more
or less pubescent, 5 to 7 mm in diameter. Leaves sessile, oblong to
oblong-obovate, 6 to 12 em long, 1.5 to 3.5 cm wide, subcoriaceous, some-
what shining when dry, scabrid, the upper surface often supplied with
numerous, small, white dots, beneath somewhat pubescent, the apex acute
or slightly acuminate, the base acute, the margins distantly and irreg-
ularly denticulate, not at all lobed or sinuate. Panicles about 40 em
long, the lower branches sometimes 15 cm in length, often much smaller,
all parts rather densely brown-pubescent. Heads somewhat crowded,
shortly peduncled, 10 to 12 mm long, 15 to 18 mm in diameter, the
involucral bracts often purplish. Bracts several-seriate, the outer ones
| ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, about 2 mm long, rather strongly pubescent,
the inner gradually larger, the innermost 8 mm long, 1 mm wide, ciliate
on the margins toward the apex. Flowers yellow, heterogamous, the outer
ones indefinite (more than 100), pistillate; achenes slender, 1 mm long,
glabrous or with very few scattered hairs; pappus-hairs about 20, white,
| slender, minutely scabrid, 6 mm long; corolla cylindric, slender, 7 mm
long, obscurely 3-toothed ; style-arms exserted, slender, 1 mm long. Disk-
flowers perfect, about 11; achenes like those of the pistillate flowers but
stouter; corolla 6 mm long, enlarged above, 5-toothed, the teeth oblong-
ovate, acute, 0.5 mm long; stamens 2 mm long, minutely tailed at the

| ) |
| base ; style slightly exserted, the arms 0.5 mm long, slender. Disk glab-
; rous or with very few, short, scattered hairs, pitted.
Minpanao, Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley, Mrs. Clemens 736 (type), November,
f 1906, and also unnumbered specimens collected in March, 1907, and in September,
1907.

A species well characterized by its comparatively large heads which are densely
; disposed, its erect, strict habit, and sessile, seabrid leaves. It is probably allied
a

to Blumea chinensis Less., and among the Philippine species most closely allied
to B. incisa (Elm.) Merr., differing from the latter notably in its leaf characters.

Blumea ramosii sp. nov.

Species B. sericanti Hook. f. affinis, sed differt foliis multo majoribus,
usque ad 16 cm longis, late oblongo-oblanceolatis, capitulis pedunculatis.
/ An erect, unbranched, suffrutescent plant at least 80 cm high, the
stem stout, terete, pubescent, mostly covered with the persistent, densely
; arranged, petiole-bases, this part of the stem about 20 cm long, the leaves
crowded above this naked portion, subtending the inflorescence. Leaves
subcoriaceous, sessile, crowded, broadly oblong-oblanceolate, 11 to 16 em

ih ei Fir

ie Sn ele ss pees ae

NEW OR NOTEWORTHY PHILIPPINE PLANTS, VIII. 257

long, 3.5 to 5 em wide, the apex acute, the base gradually narrowed,
slightly clasping, the margins rather finely denticulate, the upper surface
with numerous, somewhat stiff hairs more or less thickened at the base,
the lower surface very densely covered with long, grayish, silky hairs;
nerves about 12 on each side of the midrib. Panicles terminal, about 40
em long, the lower branches 10 cm long or more, often subtended by
reduced leaves, the rachis and branches pilose. Heads somewhat racem-
osely arranged, 9 to 10 mm long, about 12 mm in diameter, their peduncles
3 to 10 mm long. Involucral bracts many-seriate, the outer ones ovate to
oblong, acuminate, 1 to 2 mm long, the inner gradually longer, the
innermost ones linear-oblong, 6 to 7 mm long, 1 mm wide, the interme-
diate ones somewhat wider, all somewhat pubescent on the back, more
or less 1-nerved, the margins, especially above, more or less ciliate.
Receptacle glabrous, somewhat pitted. Flowers heterogamous, the outer
ones pistillate, many-seriate, about 40 in each head, vellow, the achenes
slender oblong, pubescent, obscurely angled, 1 to 1.2 mm long; pappus-
hairs about 30, white, slender, scabrid, 4.5 mm long; corolla-tube slender,
cylindric, 4 mm long, obscurely 3-toothed; style-arms exserted, slender,
1 to 1.5 mm long. Disk-flowers perfect, about 11 in each head; achenes
like those of the pistillate flowers but stouter; corolla 5.5 mm _ long,
enlarged above, 5-toothed, the teeth ovate, acute, nearly 1 mm long;
anthers 2 mm long, apex appendiculate, base with two minute, slender,
0.5 mm long tails; stvle exserted, the arms 0.5 mm long, stout, truncate.

Luzon, Province of Zambales, Mount Tapulao, Bur. Sci. 5089 Ramos, Decem-
ber 14, 1907.

A species apparently closely allied to Blumea_ sericans Hook. f., and to
B. hieracifolia DC., but so far as I can determine from the material and descrip-
tions available here, distinct from both. It is characterized by its minutely
toothed and very densely silky leaves, suffrutescent stems, the lower portion
leafless and more or less covered with persistent petiole-bases. In many respects
it appears to agree with /nula § Cappa as closely as with Blumea, and may
eventually have to be referred to the former genus. The characters by which
Inula § Cappa is separated from Blumea do not appear to me to be well defined.

INDEX TO PHILIPPINE BOTANICAL LITERATURE, VI.

By E. D. MERRILL,

(From the Botanical Section of the Biological Laboratory, Bureau of Science,

Mama, P. I.)

Baker, J. G. Handbook of the Amaryllidaceae including the Alstroemerieae and

Agaveae (1888) XII+216.

Sixty-one genera are recognized, and all the species known to the author
are described. Very few species are definitely credited to the Philippines,
but several of those considered are found in the Archipelago, especially as
introduced and cultivated plants. Indigenous and endemic species are very
few in the Philippines. Two endemic species of Crinum are admitted, C.
cumingii Baker and C. gracile E. Meyer; I have seen the types of both and
consider them referable to a single species. Hurycles sylvestris Salisb. is the
only other species definitely credited to the Philippines.

Bargagli-Petrucci, G. Le specie de Pisonia della Regione dei Monsoni. Nuovo

Giorn, Bot. Ital, N. 8. 8 (1901) App. 603-625, t. 4.

Twenty-one species are recognized, of which two are definitely recorded
from the Philippines, Pisonia excelsa Bl., and P. aculeata Linn. Several
additional species have been found in the Archipelago, P. longirostris T. & B.,
P. alba Span. (cult.), and apparently some undescribed forms.

Beccari, 0. New or Little-known Philippine Palms. Leafl. Philip. Bot. 2 (1909)

639-650. (Article 36.)

Seven species are enumerated including the following described as new:
Areca ipot, Pinanga negrosensis, P. rigida, Heterospathe elmeri, and Calamus
elmerianus.

Beccari, 0. Asiatic Palms — Lepidocaryeae, Part 1. The species of Calamus.

Ann. Bot. Gard. Calcutta 11 (1908) 1-578; plates 231, (folio).
A consideration of all the species of the genus known to the author, in
which the following 17 Philippine representatives are described and figured:

' Calamus mollis Blanco, C. meyenianus Schauer, C. blancoi Kunth, 0. cumin-

gianus Becc., C. ornatus Bl. var. philippinensis Becc., OC. merrillii Bece. n. sp.,

C. moseleyanus Bece., C. spinifolius Bece., O. trispermus Becc., C. manillensis
H. Wendl., C. microsphaerion Bece., C. ramulosus Bece., ©. vidalianus Bece.,
O. siphonospathus Mart. with the varieties farinosus, sublaevis, oligolepis
(minor), oligolepis (major), and polylepis Becc., OC. microcarpus Becce.,
O. dimorphacanthus Bece., and C. discolor Mart. Sixteen of the seventeen
Philippine species are endemic, and the seventeenth (C. ornatus Bl.), Malay
Peninsula, Sumatra, Java, and Borneo, is represented in the Philippines by
an endemic variety.

259

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260 MERRILL.

Brotherus, V. F. Musci Novi Philippinenses I. Leafl. Philip. Bot, 2 (1909)

651-658. (Article 37.)

The following species are described as new: Campylopus calodictyon,
Fissidens elmeri, Syrrhopodon macro-tristichus, Webera integerrima, W.
elmeri, Symphysodontella subulata, Symphysodon subneckeroides, Disticho-
phyllum elmeri, Hypopterygium delicatulum, Cyathophorum philippinense,
and Pleuropus luzonensis.

Castracane degli Antelminelli, F. Report on the Diatomaceae collected by

H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873-1876. Rept. Voy. H. M. S.
Challenger, Botany 2 (1886) I1I1+178, pls. 1-30.

The following are described from Philippine waters as new: Amphora
decora, A, philippinica, Pinnularia raéana, Navicula mammalis, N. decipiens,
N. mirabilis, Glyphodesmis murrayana, G. challengerensis, G. margaritacea,
Synedra capitulata, S. philippinarum, S. fimbriatum, Cyclophora tenuis, Su-
rirella dives, S. multicostata, Campylodiscus zebuanus, C. lepidus, C. humilis,
C. philippinarum, C. nitens, C. anceps, Nitzschia plana var. zebuana, N.
obesa, N. vermiculata, Stephanophyais kittoniana, Lauderia pumila, Rutilaria
tulkii, R. edentulata, Biddulphia reticulata var. inermis, B. pellucida, Trice-
ratium pulvillus, T. coronatum, T. grunowianum, T'. insutum, NStictodiscus
radiatus, S. radfordianus, S. affinis, S. reticulatus, S. margaritaceus, Ompha-
lopelta shrubsoliana, Coscinodiscus variolatus, C. decrescens, and C. ? rudis.
A few additional species previously described by various authors are credited
to the Philippines.

Christ, H. Some New Species of Malesian and Philippine Ferns. Journ, Linn.

Soc. Bot. 39 (1909) 213-215.

Five species are described, of which two, Alsophila matthewti Christ, and
Trichomanes subtrifidum Matthews & Christ are from Mount Maquiling,
Luzon.

Copeland, E. B. Pteridophytes of the Horn of Negros. Leafl. Philip, Bot, 2

(1908) 387-426. (Article 19.)

One hundred and eighty species and varieties are enumerated from the
Cuernos Mountains, southern Negros, the following being described as new:
Polystichum horizontale Presl, var. sordidum, Lomagramma pteroides J. Sm.,
var. subcoriacea and var. negrosensis, Dennstaedtia articulata, Lindsaya
monosora, Plagiogyria tuberculata Copel. var. gracilis, Loxogramme dimorpha,
Polypodium negrosense, Cyathea heterochlamydea, C. fructuosa, and Alsophila
elmeri. Numerous notes on distribution, habitats, and synonymy are given,
as well as a key to the Philippine species of Hlaphoglossum.

DeCandolle, Aug. Revision of the Philippine Species of Elaeocarpus. Leaft.

Philip. Bot. 2 (1909) 634-6388. (Article 35.)

Sixteen species are recognized with an analytical key, with four additional
doubtful ones. #. verruculosus, EH. procerus, and FB. elmeri are described as
new, and E, fissistipula Miq., is credited to the Philippines for the first time.
E. venosus C. B. Rob. (1908) was overlooked, and several additional species
have since been described.

Desvaux, A. N. Observations sur la famille des Légumineuses. Ann. Sci. Nat. 9

(1826) 404-431.

Tephrosia dichotoma is described as new from the Philippines; from the
description it is the same as the species later described by Vogel as 7’.
luzoniensis.

Dubard, M. Note sur les Palaquium des Philippines. Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat.

Paris 15 (1909) 379-384.
Eighteen species of Palaquiwm are enumerated of which P. vidalii Pierre
and P. merrillii Dubard are described as new, and P. obovatum ( Griff.)

it ae ee
eit Pf

INDEX TO PHILIPPINE BOTANICAL LITERATURE, VI. 261

Engl., is credited with doubt to the, Archipelago. Critical notes are given
on the other species enumerated.

Elmer, A. D. E. Some Interesting Lauraceae. Leafl. Philip. Bot. 2 (1908)
375-384. (Article 17.)

This is the first paper of the second volume of the “Leaflets of Philippine
Botany,” but the sequence of both articles and pagination is continuous from
volume 1. The present paper contains the descriptions of the following new
species: Actinodaphne microphylla, Endiandra arborea, Litsea plateaefolia,
_L. quercoides, L. membranacea, L. tayabensis, L. griseola (=. garciae
Vid.), Neolitsea intermedia, and Persea leytensis; Machilus philippinensis
Merr. is transferred to Persea. ;

Elmer, A. D. E. Six Undescribed Species of Macaranga. Leafl. Philip, Bot. 2
(1908) 427-434. (Article 20.) :

The following Philippine species are described: Macaranga caudatifolia,
M. cuneata, M. cwernosensis, M. sylvatica, M. loherit (=M. cumingii Muell.-
Arg.). and J. ramiflora.

Elmer, A. D. E. Six New Myrsinaceae. Leafl. Philip. Bot. 2 (1908) 439-444.
(Article 22.)

The following Philippine species are described; Ardisia punctata, A. mezit,

Discocalyx linearifolia, D. psychotrioides, D. montana, and Maesa embelioides.
Elmer, A. D. E. Synopsis of Rubus. Leafl. Philip. Bot, 2 (1908) 445-462.
(Article 23.)

The paper applies only to the Philippine species, of which 17 are recog-
nized, the following being described as new: Rubus mearnsii, R. brevipetalus,
R. zambalensis, and R. fraxinifolius Poir., var. haightii. The species con-
sidered as R. rugosus Sm., is not Smith’s species but the recently described
R. elmeri Focke. Descriptions of all the species considered are given, with
an analytical key.

Elmer, A. D. E. Three Score of New Plants. Leafl. Philip. Bot. 2 (1908)
463-525. (Article 24.)

This paper consists of the descriptions of the following species: Jsachne
stricta, Celtis rubrovenia, EHlatostema larum, FE. hastatum, E. delicatum,
E. spinulosum, Loranthus cuernosensis, L. bicoloratus, Notothixos philip-
pinensis, Goniothalamus magnificus, Hydrangea glandulosa, Pygeum fragrans,
Melicope odorata (=M. luzonensis Engl.), Zanthowylum diabolicum, Evodia
pergamentacea, Micromelum curranii, Eurycoma dubia, Canarium nervosum,
Dichapetalum glabrum, D. obovatum, Elateriospermum paucinervium, Sapium
crassifolium, Claoxrylon arboreum, Antidesma microcarpum, Trachelospermum
philippinense, Glycosmis angularis, Turpinia ovalifolia, Urandra fuliginea,
Meliosma sylvatica, Cissus suberosa, Leea negrosensis, Halconia negrosensis,
Sterculia multistipularis, Saurauia avellana, S. negrosensis, Gordonia wel-
bornii, Furya auriculata (=E. amplexicaulis Moore), Garcinia pinnatinervia,
Calophyllum hibbardii, Viola toppingii, Boerlagiodendron serratifolium, Dios-
pyros reticulata (=D. curranii Merr.), D. brideliaefolia, Symplocos fragrans,
S. curtiflora, S. angularis, Jasminum ixoroides (=J. bifarium Wall.),
Anodendron corymbosum, Callicarpa subglandulosa, Clerodendron klemmei,
C. preslii, Scutellaria marivelensis, Hypoestes linearis, Tricalysia negrosensis,
Lasianthus humilis, Psychotria negrosensis, P. cuernasensis, P. microphylla,
Ophiorrhiza caespitulosa, and Hedyotis leucocarpa.

Elmer, A. D. ©. The Genus Itea. Leafl. Philip, Bot. 2 (1908) 527-529. ( Arti-

cle 25.)

A discussion of the Philippine species only, two being considered and
described as new, [tea maesaefolia, and I. luzonensis (I. macrophylla of other
Philippine authors).

.

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262 | MERRILL.

Elmer, A. D. E. A Fascicle of South Negros Figs. Leafl. Philip. Bot. 2 (1908)
531-551. (Article 26.)

Thirty-five species-are enumerated of which the following are described
as new: Ficus hallieri Merr. (insufficient diagnosis), I’. everett, F. bengue-
tensis Merr., var. negrosensis, F’. cervina, F. cuernosensis, F. crassitora, and
F. garciae. Ficus ruficaulis var. paloensis Elm. is raised to specific rank.

Elmer, A. D. E. Gesneriaceae from the Cuernos Mts. Leafl. Philip, Bot. 2 (1908)
553-567. (Article 27.)

Seventeen species are enumerated, of which the following are described
as new: Oyrtandra maesifolia, CO. fragilis, C. attenuata, C. pallida, 0. anto-
niana, Rhynchoglossum spumosum, Trichosporum cuernosense, and T. trun-
catum.

Elmer, A. D. E. A Score of New Plants. Leafl. Philip, Bot. 2 (1909) 573-594.
(Article 29.) . :

Consists of the descriptions of the following species: Mapania lucbanensis,
M. banahaensis, Aphananthe negrosensis, Gymnacranthera negrosensis, Wein-
mannia negrosensis, Parinarium coccineum, Sabia reticulata, Saurawa pan-
duriformis, Eugenia inecrassata, B. robinsoni, EB. vidaliana, Schefflera pani-
culata (=S. foetida Merr.), Linociera rubrovenia, Carruthersia imberbis,
C. hirsuta, Erycibe dubia, Eranthemum fruticosum, Hemigraphis sublobatum,
Psychotria diffusa cervina, and Pratia ovata. —

Elmer, A. D. E. Synopsis of Fagraea. Leafl. Philip. Bot. 2 (1909) 595-601.
(Article 30.)

Eight species are considered of which the following are described as new:
F. negrosensis, and F'. cuernosensis. The paper applies only to Philippine
forms,

Elmer, A. D. E. Synopsis of Artocarpus. Leafl. Philip, Bot. 2 (1909) 609-626.
(Article 32.)

The paper considers only the Philippine species, seventeen being recognized,
of which the following are described as new: Artocarpus nigrescens, A. com-
munis var. blancoi, and A. treculiana. A key is given to the species
recognized.

Elmer, A. D. E. The Genus Hydrocotyle. Leafl. Philip, Bot. 2 (1909) 627-629.
(Article 33.)

The paper applies only to the Philippine species, five being recognized,

with an analytical key; H. benguetensis and H. delicata are described as new.

Elmer, A. D. E. A New Grewia. Leafl. Philip. Bot. 2 (1909) 631, 632. (Arti-
cle 34.)

Grewia negrosensis is described as new.

Engler, A. Addimentatum ad Araceas-Pothoideas. Pflanzenreich 37 (1908) 2,
3; IT 138, 139.

This consists of a description of the genus Hpipremnopsis, which. is first
made monotypic, all specimens being referred to H. media (Z. & M.) Engl.,
extending from India to Malaya, and the Philippines. In the “Addimentum
II,” 183, however, the Philippine form is separated as a distinct, endemic,
Philippine species, as HE. huegeliana (Schott) Engl.

Engler, A. & Krause, K. Araceae-Monsteroideae. Pflanzenreich 37 (1908)
1-138.

The following species are credited to the Philippines: Raphidophora per-
kinsiae Engl., endemic, R. philippinensis sp. nov., R. copelandii Engl., endemic,
R. merrillii Engl., endemic, R. warburgii Engl., endemic, Epipremnum pinna-
tum (L.) Engl., Indo-Malaya to Polynesia, FE. truneatum sp. nov., EF. elmeria-

INDEX TO PHILIPPINE BOTANICAL LITERATURE, VI. 263

num Engl. sp. nov., Scindapsus hederaceus Schott, Cochin China and Ma-
laya, S. curranii sp. nov., and Spathiphyllum commutatum Schott, Philippines
and Celebes. Four of the new Philippine species of Raphidophora, Epiprem-
num, and Scindapsus are described in the “Additamentum,” pages 137, 138.
Finet, E.-A. Orchidées nouvelles ou peu connues. Bull, Soc, Bot. France X1V
9 (1909) 97-104.
Liparis disticha Lindl. var. latilabris Finet is the only Philippine form
considered, the variety, based on Cuming 2099, being described as new.
Focke, W. 0. Species Ruborum. Monographiae generis Rubi Prodromus, Pars I.
Bibl. Bot. 72 (1910) 1-120, figs. 53.
The following Philippine species are considered: Rubus pectinellus Maxim.,
Japan and Luzon; &. copelandi Merr., endemic; R. cumingii O. Kuntze,
endemic; R. luzoniensis Merr., endemic; R. zambalensis Elm., endemic.; R.
pirifolius Sm. var. latifolius Focke, Java, Sumatra, and Negros; R. bengue-
tensis Elm., endemic; Rk. mearnsii Elm., endemic; R. angulosis Focke n. sp.,
Malay Peninsula and Archipelago, ‘“Anscheinend auch auf Luzon;” R. glo-
meratus Bl. var. pileanus Focke n. var., Luzon, the species in Java; R. vidalii
Focke n. sp., endemic; R. hasskarlii Miq., subsp. dendrocharis Focke, New
Guinea, Bismarck Archipelago, Carolines, Fiji, Mindanao; R. rolfei Vid.,
endemic, and R. elmeri Focke n. sp., endemic.
Foslie, M. Nye Kalkalger. Kgl. Vidensk. Selsk. Skrifter (1908) no. 12: 1-9.
Litholepis indica Fosl., forma philippinensis Fosl., is described from
Philippine material. :
Gagnepain, F. Essai d’une classification des Cratoxylon asiatiques. Notul. Syst.
1 (1909) 14-22.
Eleven species are considered, four of which are reported from the Philip-
pines. Of the Philippine forms, OC. floribundum (Turcz.) F.-Vill., which I
have reduced to C. celebicum BI., is reduced by Gagnepain to C. clandestinum
Bl., while C. arborescens (Vahl) Bl. is reduced to C. blancoi Bl., although
Vahl’s name is much the oldest.
Hennings, P. Fungi Warburgiani. Hedwigia 32 (1893) 216-227.
Thirty-one species of fungi are credited to the Philippines in this paper,
of which a single one, Yylaria lugoniensis, is described as new.
Herter, W. Beitriige zur Kenntnis der Gattung Lycopodium. Studien iiber die
Untergattung Urostachys. Engl. Bot. Jahrb. 53 (1909) Beibl. 98: 1-56.
One hundred and forty species are recognized, of which forty-eight are
described as new. No species are credited to the Philippines by definite
citation of specimens, but of those considered, the following have been reported
from the Archipelago by various authors: Lycopodium serru!v Thunb., L.
verticillatum Linn, f., L. carinatum Desv., L. squarrosum Forst., L. pnyllan-
thum Hook. & Arn., L. phlegmaria Linn., and L. pinifolium Blume.
Herter, W. Ein neuer Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Gattung Lycopodium. Hedwigia
49 (1909) 88-92.
Several new species are described, including Lycopodiwm magnusianum
Hert., based on material collected by Mrs. Clemens in Mindanao,
Hooker, J. D. A Review of the Known Species of Philippine Islands Species of
Impatiens. Kew Bull. (1909) 281-289.
Twenty-five species are enumerated, all but two of which are described as
new, all being endemic with the exception of the introduced Impatiens balsa-
mina Linn. The species are as follows: Impatiens balsamina L., and forma
diplocycla Hk. f., I. polyactina Hk. f., I. burkei Hk. f., I. merrilliit Hk. f.,

959487

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264 MERRILL.

I. hutchinsonii Hk. f., 1. clemensae Hk. f., I. biganensis Hk. f., I. caviteana
Hk. f., J. elmeri Hk. f., J. manillensis Walp., I. quercetorum Hk. f., I. klem-
meana Hk. f., I. pubisepala Hk. f., I. mearnsii Hk. f., I. vidalii Hk. f.,
I. barnesii Hk. f., J. rizaliana Hk. f., 7. ahernii Hk. f., J. montalbana Hk. f.,
I. ramosii Wk. f., 1. filicaulis Hk. f., J. curranii Hk. f., 1. eryptogama Hk. f.,
I. cleistogama Hk. f., and I. loheri Hk. f.

Jussieu, A. L. Observations sur la famille des plantes Verbénacées. Ann. Mus.
Paris 7 (1806) 63-67.

Aegiphila viburnifolia (=Premna ?), and Vitex parviflora are described
from the Philippines.

Kranzlin, F. Zwei neue Orchideen von den Philippinen. Fedde’s Repertorium
7 (1910) 97, 98.

Cirrhopetalum chryseum Kriinzl., and T'richoglottis solerederi WKriinzl. are
described as new.

Kranzlin, F. Einige neue Orchidaceen, Fedde’s Repertorium 7 (1909) 38-41.

Sarcopodium stella sylvae Loher & Kriinzlin is described from Luzon, and
Dendrobium goldschmidtianum Wyiinzlin from ‘“Provinz der Philippinen und
Formosa,”

Kiikenthal, G. Cyperaceae-Caricoideae. Pflanzenreich 33 (1909) 1-824.

Four genera are recognized, the chief interest centering in Carex, of which
798 species are recognized, with numerous subspecies, varieties, and forms.
Uncinia with 23 species, confined to South and Central America, Mexico, New
Zealand, and Australia, with one species extending to New Guinea, is now
known to occur in Luzon (U. rupestris Raoul var. capillacea Wiikenthal) .
Of the genus Carew, the following species are definitely recorded from the
Archipelago: Carew rara Boott, Ceylon, mountains of India, and Borneo;
CO. baccans Nees, India and Ceylon to southern China, Formosa, Java, and
Sumatra; ©. filicina Nees, India and Ceylon, central China, and Java; C.
continua Clarke, Himalayan region, Burma, and central China; C. ra/flesiana
Boott, var. scaberrima (Boeck.) Kiikenth., Java, Sumatra, Celebes, Ternate;
C. walkeri Arn., var. turrita (Clarke) Kiikenth.; the variety endemic, the
species in India, Ceylon, and Java; CO. fuirenoides Gaudich., var. cirrhulosa
(Nees) Kiikenth., the variety endemic, the species in the Marianne Islands:
C. nodiflora Boeck., endemic; C. graeffeana Boeck., Fiji; C. eryptostachys
Brongn., Malay Peninsula, Waigou, Tonkin, Hongkong, and Formosa, and
C. brunnea Thunb., India to the Mascarene Islands, Japan, Malaya, New
Caledonia, and Australia. Carex rhynchachaenium C. B, Clarke is mentioned
only as a species unknown to the author, and C. subtransversa C. B, Clarke
is discussed under C. brownii Tuckerm. ‘The above list of thirteen Philippine
species has been greatly increased by the more recent collections in the
Archipelago.

Moore, §. Le M. Alabastra diversa — Part IV. Journ. Bot. 37 (1899) 168-175.

Two Philippine species are described as new, from the collections of John
Whitehead, Eurya amplexicaulis from Mindoro (more recently described by
Mr. Elmer as Z. auriculata), and Trichosporum breviflorum from Negros.

Presl, ©. B. Hymenophyllaceae. Eine botanische Abhandlung. (1843) pp. 1-70,
pl. 12. (Reprint from Abhandl. Béhm. Ges. Wiss. V 3:93-163).

The following species are described from the Philippines, all based on
specimens collected by Cuming: Trichomanes asplenioides, T, dimidiatum, T.
saxifragoides, T. palmatum, T. luzonicum, T. acutum, T, millefolium, T. apiifo-
lium, T. eminens, Didymoglossum brevipes, D. undulatum, D. serrulatum, D.
longisetum, Hymenophyllum paniculiflorum, Sphaerocionium macrocarpum,
Cephalomanes atrovirens and Abrodictyum cumingii. |

INDEX TO PHILIPPINE BOTANICAL LITERATURE, VI. 965

Radlkofer, L. Uber die Gattung Allophylus und die Ordnung ihrer Arten. Site.
Math.-Phys. Klasse Kgl. Bayer. Akad, Wissensch, 38° (1909) 201-240.

One hundred and fifty-six species are recognized, and an analytical key
is given to them. Eighteen species are Philippine, of the forty-nine known
from the Indo-Malayan-Polynesian region, and fourteen of these are endemic.
The Philippine species are as follows: Allophylus largifolius sp. nov., A.
unifoliolatus Radlk., A. apiocarpus sp. nov., A. hymenocalyx sp. nov., A. race-
mosus Radlk., A. ternatus Radlk., A. setulosus Radlk., A. leptococcus Radlk.,
A. dasythyrsus sp. nov., A. malvaceus sp. nov., A. filiger Radlk., A. macro-
stachys Radlk., A. grossedentatus F.-Vill., A. chlorocarpus sp. nov., A. timo-
rensis Blume, A. dimorphus Radlk., A. quinatus Radlk., and A. insignis sp.
nov.

Radlkofer, L. Ueber die Sapindaceen Holliindisch-Indiens. Act. Congr. Int. Bot.
Amsterdam 1877 (1878) 70-133 (reprint 1-63).

Contains many notes on the synonymy of Philippine species, some new
combinations, and the descriptions of several new species from the Archipelago,
Lepisanthes ? eriolepis, Allophylus dimorphus, and A. filiger, the latter two
credited to Java, but the specimens on which they were based were really
collected in the Philippines (coll. Lobb) and distributed with erroneous
localizations.

Radlkofer, L. Natchtriige zur Uebersicht der Sapindaceen Hollandisch-Indiens
(issued with the reprint of the above, pp. 65-103).

Supplementary to the preceding paper, and containing some additional notes
on Philippine species.

Radlkofer, L. Ueber eine von Grisebach unter den Sapotaceen aufgefiilrte
Daphnoidee. Sitz. Math.-Phys. Klasse Kgl. Bayer. Acad. Wissench. 14 (1884)
487-250.

In a consideration of the genus Parameria, P. philippinensis and P. vul-
neraria are described from the Philippines.

Rehm, H. Ascomycetes novi. Ann. Mycol. 5 (1907) 516-545.

A single Philippine species is described as new, Mollisia copelandi Rehm,
from Mindanao, on leaves of Caryota. |

Richard, A. Mémoire sur la famille des Rubiacées, contenant la description géné-
rale de cette famille et les caractéres des genres qui la composent. (July,
1829) 1-226, pl. 1}. Mém. Soe. Hist. Nat. Paris 5 (1834) 81-304, pl. 11-29.

Mussaenda philippica, Sabicea perrottetii, Plectronia monstrosa and Can-
thium lycioides are described from Philippine material, all of which have
been overlooked by most recent Philippine authors. According to the date on
the title page the separate was issued about five years before it appeared in
the “Mémoires.” :

Ridley, H. N. New Philippine Zingiberaceae, Leafl. Philip. Bot, 2 (1909)
569-572. (Article 28.) »

A new genus Elmeria is described (non Elmera Rydb.), with two species,
E. bifida (Hornstedtia paradowa Ridl.), and E£. pinetorum. Three species in
other genera are also described, Phrynium philippinense Ridl., Alpinia penduli-
flora, and Plagiostachys philippinensis. .

Ridley, H. N. Zingiberaceae from South Negros. Leafl. Philip. Bot. 2 (1909)
603-607. (Article 31.)

Sixteen species are enumerated, the following described as new: Alpinia
musaefolia, Amomum lepicarpum and var. pubescens, Hornstedtia conoidea,
H. microcheila, and H. lophophora, while the new generic name Adelmeria is
proposed for Elmeria Ridl., non Elmera Rydb. See Ridley “The Scitamineae
of the Philippine Islands” Philip. Journ. Sci. 4 (1909) Bot. 155-199.

2) 4 ee I

Loh > te ee ee li Dee ee). ae _ J = _— anh A 7 ee 8) tie el Oe — ee
.

266 MERRILL.

Rolfe, R. A. Supplementary List of Philippine Plants. Journ, Bot. 23 (1885)
209-216.
A list of 186 Philippine species which were not included by F.-Villar and

Naves in the “Novissima Appendix” to the third edition of Blanco’s “Flora
3 de Filipinas.” The paper contains the following new combinations: Strom-
; bosia philippinensis (Baill.) Rolfe, Gomphandra lawiflora (Miers) Rolfe,
‘ Cupania revoluta (Turez.) Rolfe, C. subundulata (Turez.) Rolfe, Connarus
F trifoliatus (Presl) Rolfe as “trifoliolatus,” Terminalia mollis (Presl) Rolfe,
Barringtonia luzonensis (Miers) Rolfe, Crypteronia leptostachys (Planch.)

Rolfe, Urophyllum memecyloides (Presl) Rolfe, Micrechites schrieckti (Huerck
& Muell. Arg.) Rolfe, and Symplocos oblongifolia (Presl) Rolfe.
Stephani, F. Hepaticarum species novae III. Hedwigia 32 (1893) 204-214.

Bazzania latifolia is described as new from the Philippines, the type from
Siargao Island.

Stephani, F. Three New Liverworts. Leafl. Philip. Bot. 2 (1908) 385, 386.
(Article 18.)

Anthoceros elmeri, Plagiochila elmeri, and Trichocolea striolata are
described as new from material collected in Luzon.

Sydow, H. et P. Fungi novi Philippinenses. Ann. Mycol, 8 (1910) 36-41.

Twenty-two new species of Philippine fungi are described, as follows:
Puccinia mesomorpha, Uredo manilensis, Meliola hyptidis, Valsella pinangae,
Rosellinia procera, Nummularia gracilenta, Hypoxylon minutellum, H. lillipu-
tianum, Xylaria gracilenta, Phyllachora aggregatula, P. circinata, P. lepida,
Homostegia fusispora, Hypocrella botryosa, Seynesia scutellum, Lembosia
congregata, Mollisia ravida, Bulgaria pusilla, Cytospora calami, C. lirella,
Melasmia exigua, and Septogloeum aureum.

Trécul, A. Mémoire sur la famille des Artocarpées. Ann. Sci. Nat. Bot. Il 8
(1847) 38-157, pls. 1-6.

In this work the following Philippine species are described for the first
time: Conocephalus acuminatus Trée., OC. microphyllus Tréc., Artocarpus
cumingiana Tréc., A. nitida Tréc., A. lanceolata Tréc., Cudrania obovata
Tréc. The several species previously described by Blanco are not considered.

Virgil, R. M. Diccionario de los nombres vulgares que se dan en Filipinas 4
muchas plantas usuales y notables del mismo archipiélago, con la correspon-
dencia cientifica, la clasificacién natural, y la indicacién de su uso. (1879)
VI+50.

The scientific names in many cases are inaccurate and not to be trusted.

Zahlbruckner, A. Lichenes philippinenses. Leafl. Philip. Bot. 2 (1908) 435-438.
(Article 21.)

a

Sn ee ee ee ee eee ee YS ee ee a ee ey

ee a oe

. Twenty-two species are enumerated including Sticta elmeri which is
5 described as new; for a corrected diagnosis of this species see Zahlbruckner,
“Neue Flechten — V.” Ann. Mycol. 7 (1909) 472-478.

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MERRILL,E.D. New or Noteworthy Philippine Plants, a
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MERRILL, E. D. Index to Philippine Botanical Liter-
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C. BOTANY
Vou. V SEPTEMBER, 1910 No. 4

THE BAMBOOS OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS.

By J. Sykes GAMBLE,

(East Liss, Hants, England.)

By the kindness of Mr. E. D. Merrill I have had the privilege of
examining and reporting on a most valuable collection of Philippine
Bambuseae belonging to the Herbarium of the Bureau of Science, and
below is given the results of my endeavors to name the specimens. I

regret that I have failed to identify with any approach to certainty most

of the species named by Blanco. In the material quoted I have included
the majority of the Philippine specimens in the Herbarium of the Royal

Gardens at Kew.
1. ARUNDINARIA Michx.

1. Arundinaria niitakayamensis Hayata in Bot. Mag. Tokyo 21 (1907) 49,
Journ. Coll. Sci. Tokyo 25” (1908) 240,

Bambusa sp. near B. pygmaea Miq.; Merrill in Philip. Journ. Sci. 2 (1907)
Bot. 261.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Pauai, in sphagnum hummocks and mossy grass
lands, altitude about 2,150 m, Merrill 4733, November, 1905, Bur, Sci. 8379
McGregor, June, 1909; Mount Ugo, Bur. Sci. 5846 Ramos, December, 1908; Mount
Pulog, on grass-covered slopes and along the upper border of the mossy forest,
altitude about 2,600 m, Merrill 6489, May, 1909, Bur. Sci. 8893 McGregor (Phil.
Pl. 177), July, 1909; Payaon and Mangito, Loher 1834 (Herb. Kew.). Mrnporo,
Mount Halcon, Merrill 6222, November, 1906, in sphagnum in dense thickets at
2,600 m altitude. Formosa, Mount Morrison, Gauzan, Nagasawa 678, altitude
2,770 m, 1905.

At first I thought that this must be a new species, but Mr. Merrill, who had
seen the type of Doctor Hayata’s species in the Tokyo Herbarium, called my

96832 267

;
-
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id
7
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we ye eS

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ay -: Pres.

268 GAMBLE.

attention to Arundinaria niitakayamensis, suggesting that the Philippine plant
is identical with the Formosan one. On making application to Doctor Hayata,
he most kindly sent me a specimen of his species with both leaves and flowers,
an examination of which proved Mr. Merrill’s suggestion to be correct. There are
slight differences in the flowers, it is true, such as the smaller, not so long-awned,
outer empty glumes, but in other respects the specimens agree, and Doctor Hayata
also, writing to Mr. Merrill, expressed himself of the same opinion.

The culms appear most generally to reach a height of 1 m or less, sometimes
in more sheltered places 2.5 m, the diameter near the base 1 em or less. The
internodes are about 10 cm long and the culm-sheaths are rather longer, striate
and hispid on the back, acuminate at the tip, and with a short-acuminate
pseudophyll. The branches have quite short internodes, persistent chaffy sheaths,
and small, much crowded leaves; as in the Formosan plant, the cross-bars ‘of the
leaf-nerves are about 5 per millimeter. The flower-panicles are terminal, and
few-flowered, the spikelets are about 2 cm in length (shorter than in the For-
mosan plant where they reach 3 cm in the material available), and there are
usually about six flowers to each spikelet. The caryopsis is unknown.

As originally suggested by Mr. Merrill, following Doctor Hackel, this species
resembles the Japanese Arundinaria pygmaea Kurz (Bambusa pygmaea Miq.),
but differs in its narrower leaves; it also comes near to A. densifolia Munro, of
the mountains of southern India and Ceylon, but that species has spikelets with
only one flower.

2. BAMBUSA Schreb.

Culms unarmed.

Small shrubby species 2 to 3 m high... u...................-ssssnenseecssensnnsensonene 1. B. nana
Coarse arborescent species.
iogar-eheaths-with rounded auricles. ...................10:.0.:-ospe-shgeetess 2. B. vulgaris

Leaf-sheaths with horn-like, erect processes,
Leaves large; spikelets glabrous; keels of the palea not prominently ciliate.
3. B. cornuta
Leaves small; spikelets densely hirsute; keels of the palea prominently
BAN wee oo coo css sana oda sick Sea) ead eae .. 4 B. Merrillii
rRNA PR eg lack 1 Sade ences via ee ee ..... 5. B. Blumeana

1. Bambusa nana Roxb. Hort. Beng. (1814) 25, nomen, Fl. Ind. ed. Carey 2
(1832) 199; Munro in Trans. Linn. Soc. 26 (1868) 98; Gamble in Ann. Bot.
Gard, Cale. 7 (1896) 40, pl. 38, et in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 7 (1898) 390.

Luzon, Manila, Merrill 7049, sterile; cultivated as a hedge plant, a native of
China and Japan.

2. Bambusa vulgaris Schrad. in Wendl. Collect. Pl. 2 (1810) 26, ¢. 47; Munro
in Trans. Linn, Soc. 26 (1868) 106; Gamble in Ann. Bot. Gard. Cale. 7 (1896)
43, t. 40, et in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. 7 (1907) 391.

Luzon, Province of Camarines, San Jose de Lagonoy, Perwera, December, 1909:
Province of Isabela, Carig, Vidal 4023, March, 1886 (in Herb. Kew.) : Province of
Bataan, Lamao River, Whitford, September, 1905. PALAWAN (Paragua), Separa-
tion Point, Merrill 802, February, 1903.

Native country so far unknown; cultivated and often half-wild in India,
Burma, Ceylon, Malaya, Mauritius, Cape of Good Hope, West Indies, Central and
South America, ete.

Whitford gives the vernacular name as cauayan quiling, the same being given
by Blanco for his Bambusa monogyna.

BAMBOOS OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS. 269

Var. striata Gamble in Ann. Bot. Gard. Cale. 7 (1896) 44.

Luzon, Manila, Merrill 7050, sterile; cultivated for ornamental purposes,
introduced from India or Malaya.

I have never received flowering specimens of the variety striata, but the
ordinary Bambusa vulgaris is frequently found in flower.

3. Bambusa cornuta Munro in Trans. Linn. Soc. 26 (1868) 113.

Bambusa corniculata Kurz in Ind. Forester 1 (1876) 341, non Munro.

A straggling bamboo reaching a height of 7 to 8 m, the branches dilated and
patellate at the nodes, reaching 1 cm in diameter. Leaves ovate-lanceolate,
broadest and unequal at the base, rounded or more or less cuneate, apex long-
acuminate, the acumen scabrid beneath, 30 to 35 em long, 5 to 9 em broad, the
texture soft, thin; nerves 9 to 13 pairs; petiole very short, flat; sheaths striate,
glabrous, truncate at the mouth and furnished on one or both sides with a stiff,
straight, horn-like appendix about 7 mm in length, with a few, long, stiff bristles;
ligule short, truncate. Flowers apparently on separate flowering culms in very
long, soft, branching panicles with many bracts, those on the upper branches
scattered, those on the lower ones in heads. Spikelets oblong, acuminate, 5- or
6-flowered, the rachillas between the flowers glabrous, sinuate, 1 to 2 mm long;
empty glumes 2, glabrous, acuminate, 3 to 5 mm long; flowering glumes 6 to 7
mm long, mucronate, scabrous on the back; paleas as long as the fertile glumes,
mucronate, tufted at the tip, stiffly villous between the keels; lodicules ovate-
acuminate, not fringed. Stamens 6, free, linear, 2 to 3 mm long. Ovary cylindric.
Stigmas 3, plumose. Fruit not known.

Luzon, Province of Nueva Vizcaya, Quiangan, Merrill 124!, June 6, 1902.
Known also from Java, Horsfield 193, Koorders 23693 B!, Bedalia Lake, Lamad-
jong, Zollinger 4904!

I have felt a slight doubt about the identification of Mr. Merrill’s plant
because the spikelets are not in rounded heads as they are in Koorders’ specimens.
Zollinger’s specimens, however, show that lower verticils have the spikelets in
heads while the upper ones have them scattered, so I conclude that the difference
is merely one of position. The leaves of all the specimens agree excellently.
1 can not agree with Kurz in thinking B. Horsfieldii Munro, 1. c. 115, to be the
same as B. cornuta, after reading carefully the descriptions of the leaves.

4. Bambusa Merrillii Gamble sp. nov.

Frutex arborescens, vagans. Culmi vagantes ad 18 m longi; ramuli
ad nodos culmi fasciculati, geniculati, infra nodos annulos patelliformes
ferentes. Folia lineari-lanceolata, apice in acumen setaceo-acuminatum
infra scabro-hispidum attenuata, basi subinaequaliter attenuata vel rotun-
data, 8 ad 10 cm longa, 12 ad 15 mm lata; vaginae striatae, glabrae,
ad unum marginem insigniter ciliatae, ad apicem latere uno vel utroque
appendice corniformi erecto vel curvato sparse sed longe fimbriato in-
structae ; ligula brevis truncata; petiolus brevissimus complanatus. Flores
in ramulis foliiferis, in capitulis congestis bracteatis 2 cm diametro
aggregati; patella annularis sub nodis reflexa. Spiculae lanceolatae, 2.5
ad 3 cm longae, dense hirsutae, flores 2 fertiles et ultimum sterilem
ferentes; glumae steriles 2, mucronatae, dorso scabro-hirsutae, nervis
conspicuis, 7 ad 8 mm longae; glumae fertiles sterilibus similes, 10 mm
longae; paleae latissime bicarinatae, intra carinas trinervae et nervulis

, fe ~ ils ala eee oe all =F = er 6 te — 7 i i el —— SC ~~ ws Se ee ee Soe
Eee ei ud 4

270 GAMBLE.

transversalibus, ad carinas longe ciliatae, apice mucronatae; lodiculae 3,
hyalinae, 2 laterales 4 mm longae, ovatae, subfalcatae ad basin incrassatae
margine ciliatae, media paleae adnata minor, 3 mm-longa, oblonga, glabra.
Stamina 6, libera, linearia, apice obtusa, 6 mm longa. Ovarium angustum,
stigmatibus longe plumosis. Fructus ignotus.

|
:
:
dq
:

Luzon, Province of Nueva Vizeaya, Caraballo Mountains, Merrill 229, May,
28, 1902, in forests, altitude about 600 m.

This species apparently comes near to Bambusa Horsfieldii Munro, of Java,
; but does not quite agree with the description of that plant.

5, Bambusa Blumeana Schultes f. Syst. Veg. 7? (1830) 1343; Kunth Enum.
431; Munro in Trans. Linn. Soc. 26:101; Kurz in Ind. Forester 1:340; Lindl. in
Penny Cycl. 3:356; Gamble in Ann. Bot. Gard. Calcutta 7 (1896) 43, #t. 47,
et in Hook, f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 7 (1897) 394.

Bambusa spinosa Blume ex Nees in Bot. Zeit. 8 (1825) 580.

Ischurochloa spinosa Biise in Miq. Pl. Jungh. (1854) 389.

Schizostachyum Durie Rupr. in Mém. Acad, Pétersb. VIT 5 (1839) 136.

Bambusa Teba Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. 3 (1857) 418, fide Kurz in Ind, Forester
1:336.

Luzon, Province of Bulacan, Malolos, Yoder, 1906; Baliuag, Phil. Pl. 190
Merrill, Bur. Sci. 9645 Robinson, January, 1910, local name cauayan or cauayan
4 totoo: Province of Bataan, Lamao River, Whitford, September, 1905, local name
cauayan totoo: Province of Rizal, Bosoboso, Loher 1833, March, 1893 (Herb.
Kew.) ; Pasay, near Manila, Merrill, May, 1909. Panay, Province of Iloilo, Ig-
baras, Vidal 4022, March, 1886 (Herb. Kew.). Mrnpanao, District of Davao,
Todaya, Elmer 10757, May, 1909.

Malay Peninsula and Archipelago,

3. GIGANTOCHLOA Kurz.

) 1. Gigantochloa Scribneriana Merrill in Philip. Journ. Sci. 1 (1906) Suppl.
. 390.
: Cuyo, F. Lamson-Scribner 14, December, 1902. Luzon, Province of Bulacan,
Baliuag, Merrill, Bur. Sci. 9642 Robinson, January, 1910. PANAy, Capiz, For.
> Bur. 10834 Apostol. ‘
| I believe that I am right in identifying the three last-mentioned specimens
with this species, though the imperfection of the type specimen makes me still
feel not quite sure. The flowers agree well with the description, but the leaves
differ a little; however, it has to be remembered that in these large bamboos, the
leaves differ very greatly in size and shape, even in the same clump, according
to the part of the culm from which they are taken.

I have also received the specimen, quoted below, which I am unable to identify
: with certainty, but I believe it to be the common Malay species, Gigantochloa
Atter Kurz ex Munro in Trans. Linn. Soc. 26 (1868) 125.

Poritio, Bur. Sci. 10414 McGregor, October, 1909.

el eee Sl

4. DENDROCALAMUS Nees.

SURES, DOES Bem ven large... nics. actesbes geese case ensesscoseccteenaeeey 1. D. latiflorus
Binikelots qediumesized: leaves long. ........ccicsissenssccectecce soscsnsdeavbsocosngeers 2. D. Currant
I acs ccnnese cena one once so-e ena ceaponanssteedbmnesisecasenieduials 3. D. parviflorus

pe ng
Se
; ”

BAMBOOS OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS. 271

1. Dendrocalamus latiflorus Munro in Trans. Linn. Soc. 26 (1868) 152, t. 6;
Gamble in Ann. Bot. Gard. Cale. 7 (1896) 131, ¢. 117, et in Hook, f. Fl]. Brit. Ind.
7 (1897) 407.

Bambusa latiflora Kurz in Journ. As, Soc. Beng. 42? (1873) 250.

Bambusa verticillata Benth. Fl. Hongk. (1861) 434, fide Munro,

Bambusa Beecheyana Munro |. ec. 108 (7).

Luzon, Province of Camarines, San Jose de Lagonoy, Bur. Sci. 6313 Robinson,
August 25, 1908.

Though not quite sure, I believe that I am correct in the identification of this
specimen. ‘The only differences of any consequence seem to be that the spikelets
are rather more hairy and the leaves narrower than in the type. Doctor Robinson
gives the vernacular name boton. It is said to be called bolongsina elsewhere in
the same province.

2. Dendrocalamus Curranii Gamble sp. nov.

Frutex. Culmus erectus ad 7 m altus, 6 cm diametro; parietes 12
mm crassi; ramuli foliiferi et floriferi ‘distincti, foliiferi ad nodos fasci-
culati et basi vaginis persistentibus, dorso aureo-fulvis, brevissime apicu-
latis, ore fimbriatis et ligulam setis multis curvatis ferentibus muniti;
ramuli floriferi duri ad nodos inerassati, internodiis teretibus nitidis.
Folia lineari-lanceolata, acuminata, ad 30 cm longa et 6 cm lata, basi
rotundata, marginibus tactu scabris, nervo medio nitido haud prominente,
lateralibus utrinque circiter 10-12, supra opaca, glabra, infra sparsim
sericeo-villosa; petiolus perbrevis complanatus ; vaginae striatae, scabrae,
sericeo-villosae, ore truncatae, et ciliis paucis interdum munitae, ligula
brevi puberula. Panicula maxima, ramis permultis, ramulis longis-
simis, curvatis, alternatim glomerulis spicularum squamatis munitis;
internodia gradatim minora, 4-1 cm longa, uno latere sulcata, tomentosa,
altero glabra; glomerulae parvae, 7 ad 10 mm latae, spiculis paucis
fertilibus, aliis imperfectis interjectis. Spiculae ovatae, acuminatae, 10
ad 15 mm longae, extus villosae; glumae steriles 2, late ovatae, ciliatae,
villosae; flores fertiles 4, addito quinto terminali imperfecto; glumae
fertiles ovatae ad ovato-oblongae, mucronatae, marginibus ciliatae, 8 ad
10 mm longae; paleae oblongae, minute bimucronatae, bicarinatae, carinis
ciliatis, glumis fertilibus aequilongae. Stamina linearia, 1 mm longa,
apiculata, apice scabro. Ovarium late ovatum, dense villosum, in stylum
longum, tenue villosum attenuatum; stigmatibus 1 vel 2, plumosis.
Fructus non visus.

Luzon, Province of Tayabas, Sampaloc, For, Bur, 10177 Curran, March, 1908.
Poit10, Bur. Sci. 10417 McGregor, October-Novembery 1909 (probably).

This must be a fine bamboo. It seems to come near to Dendrocalamus giganteus
Munro, but the spikelets are much smaller and much more hairy. It is a pity
that good culm-sheaths have not been collected. Curran gives the vernacular name
as cauayan sina. The Polillo specimen is rather meager, but I believe it belongs
to this species.

ot gil hl Sipe ee

Po: Se eee See

ae ae,

i ee ee ee

en ae ee ee ee he Vi
i = aes att

os

en. + ae

+ ae

-

Biz GAMBLE.

3. Dendrocalamus parviflorus Hack. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 3 (1908) Bot. 168.

MINDANAO, Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley, Mrs, Clemens, March, 1907. Lryre,
Palo, Elmer 7283, January, 1906. CrBu, Cogon, Barrow, June, 1904.

This seems to be a good species. The Leyte plant has apparently been described
as Gigantochloa Merrilliana Elmer, but I find no difference between it and the
specimens of Dendrocalamus parviflorus Hack. Barrow gives the vernacular name
cauayan.

5. CEPHALOSTACHYUM Munro.
1, Cephalostachyum mindorense Gamble sp. nov.

Culmus fruticosus, subscandens, fistulosus, ad 3 cm diametro; inter-
nodia longa, nitida, teretia; nodi incrassati. Folia membranacea, supra
glabra, infra glabra vel minute pubescentia, lanceolata vel lineari-lanceo-
lata, apice longe acuminata, basi attenuata vel rotundata, 15 ad 25 em
longa, 3 ad 5 cm lata; nervi utrinque 7 vel 9, haud conspicui; petiolus
3 ad 6 mm longus; vaginae glabrae, striatae, apice uno vel utroque latere
longiuscule cornutae, ligulis longiusculis, longe setaceo-fimbriatis. Flores
in culmis foliiferis, in paniculis longis axillaribus vel terminalibus,
capitula densiflora ad nodos ramulorum alternatim ferentibus, rachis teres
gracilis, internodiis ad 10-15 cm longis, infra nodos saepe annulatis.
Capitulae stramineo-coloratae, 1 ad 2 cm latae, spiculis multis, bracteis
glumiformibus aristatis multis intermixtis. Spiculae ovato-lanceolatae,
aristatae, 1 cm longae, flore unico fertili, 2 imperfectis superne additis;
glumae steriles 2, I 5 mm longa, angusta, dorso hispida, apice aristata,
It ¥ mm longa, late ovato-lanceolata, longe aristata, 9-nervata, marginibus:
et dorso pilis setaceis longis ciliatae; gluma IIT fertilis, vacuis similis

‘sed nervis pluribus, 7 ad 8 mm longa; palea ovato-lanceolata, prominenter

bicarinata et bimucronata, carinis longe ciliatis, glumae ITI aequilonga;
flores imperfecti oblongo-lanceolati, aristati. Stamina linearia, libera, 3
mm longa, apice bidentata. Lodiculae 2 vel 3, minimae, longe ciliatae.
Ovarium oblongum, stylo brevi, stigmatibus? Caryopsis ovatus, 3 mm
longus, glaber, apice rostratus, rostro acuto, scabro, 1 mm longo; peri-
carpium crassum,

Luzon, Province of Camarines, For. .Bur. 10667 Curran, June, 1908, near the
seashore. Mrnporo, For. Bur, 11421 Merritt, April, 1908, river flats, edge of
forests; For. Bur. 6213 Merritt, January, 1907; Mount Cabiguayan, For. Bur.
8619 Merritt, January, 1908, on the summit and on wooded slopes, altitude about
800 m.

I have been rather puzzled about the genus of this beautiful species, but I
believe I am correct in considering it to be a Cephalostachyum, very similar to the
Burmese C. pergracile Munro, and C@. flavescens Kurz. The only important dif-
ference is that instead of a terminal slender rachilla with only a very small rudi-
ment of glumes, this species has two terminal imperfect flowers. It required long
search among the spikelets of the specimens available to find one in flower showing
perfect stamens, and another in nearly ripe fruit. Merritt gives the vernacular
name bacto.

BAMBOOS OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS. 273

. 6. SCHIZOSTACHYUM Nees.

Flowers in long panicles, usually from flower-bearing culms, or axillary on leafy
ones.
Spikelets sharply pointed, usually in rounded capitula; no lodicules,
Spikelets glabrous outside.
Spikelets short, under 1 cm long.
Leaves usually broad, rounded at the base, mouth of leaf-sheaths and
ligules long-bristly-ciliate -..........-.---------1-----eer eee 1. S. acutiflorum
Leaves usually narrow, attenuate at the base, mouth of leaf-sheaths and
ligules not or only slightly bristly.
Spikelets very sharply pointed; apiculus of anthers shortly hirsute.
2. 8S. Dielsianum
Spikelets acute only; apiculus of anthers very long-bristly.
3. S. palawanense
Spikelets long, more than 1 em in length, very slender; anthers obtuse.
4, 8. Hallieri
Spikelets more or less pubescent outside; anthers obtuse.
Spikelets densely white-hairy both on the empty and on the flowering

glumes; leaves 1 em broad........-----------+---+-eeeeeeeeet seers 5. S. hirtiflorum
Spikelets shortly white-hairy only on the flowering glume; leaves over 1.5
crn DYOAd .........n.0--co5--2--sseheeledmemeshesMmnn RENAN om Be==eneceennn=mn=e> 6. S. mucronatum

Spikelets hardly sharply pointed, obtuse or acute, usually in long panicles;
lodicules usually present.

Spikelets in rounded capitula, separate or continuous, soft... 7. 8S. Toppingii
Spikelets in panicles of racemes, stiff, vaginate.

Sheaths lanceolate, not aristate; spikelets nearly or quite glabrous, the

anther-tips long-plumose ........---.-----:+--0--<--ee-eesesereneete reese 8. 8S. Curranit

Sheaths ovate-lanceolate, aristate, ciliate; spikelets conspicuously white-

ciliate on the margins of the glumes; anthers obtuse... 9. S. luzonicum

Flowers in short, terminal spikes up to 10 cm long; leaves very narrow.
10. 8S. Merrillii

1. Schizostachyum acutiflorum Munro in Trans. Linn. Soe. 26 (1868) 137;
Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 1 (1906) Suppl. 391.

BaBuyANes ISLANDS, Camiguin, Bur. Sci. 4031 Fénia, June, 1907. Luzon,
Province of Laguna, Calauan, Cuming 544, 1836; Cavinti, Bur. Sci. 10809 Me-
Gregor, December, 1909: Province of Benguet, Loher 1664, 1666, 1668 (Herb.
Kew.) : Province of Bataan, For, Bur. 20049 Topacio, For. Bur. 1261, 2731 Borden,
Merrill 1474, 1477, 1528, 2550, 3297, Williams 384, 600, Whitford 75, 519, Bur.
Sci. 1641 Foxworthy: Province of Zambales, For. Bur. 5880 Curran: Province of
Bulacan, Yoder: Province of Tarlac, Vidal 1964 (Herb. Kew.) : Province of Tay-
abas, Vidal 928 (Herb. Kew.) : Province of Camarines, Vidal 929, 4021 (Herb.
Kew.), For. Bur, 10413 Curran. Mrixporo, Bongabong River, For. Bur. 38740,
8711, 8773, 11460 Merritt. Minpanao, District of Zamboanga, Hallier (2).

As suggested by Doctor Hackel in a manuscript note attached to Schizostachyum
Dielsianum (Merrill 711), this species and 8. Dielsianum are not easy to separate,
but I have attempted to arrange the material sent me and found that in general my
identifications agree with Mr. Merrill’s at page 391 of his paper on the Philip-
pine grasses. I am inclined to think his suggestion that the Bambusa Lwmampao
Blanco is this species is most probably correct. S. Dielsianwm has the glomerules
of spikelets usually open and scattered and a different texture of leaf. The
vernacular name is usually given as bical ; Topacio gives it as guimac.

; as

274 GAMBLE.

2. Schizostachyum Dielsianum (Pilger) Merrill in Philip. Journ, Sei. 1
(1906) Suppl. 391.

Dinochloa Dielsiana Pilger in Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1904) 148.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Tabio trail, Bur. Sci. 8976 McGregor, July, 1909;
Mount Santo Tomas, Elmer 6566, June, 1904; Loher 1660, 1662, 1663 (Herb.
Kew.) : Province of Pampanga, Arayat, Merrill 1408, March, 1903: Province of
Zambales, For, Bur, 388 Maule, March, 1904: Province of Bataan, Leiberg 6092:
Province of Laguna, Mount Maquiling, For. Bur. 13651 Rosenbluth & Tamesis:
Province of Nueva Vizeaya, For. Bur. 10879, 10888 Curran. Mrinporo, Balete,
Baco River, McGregor 279, May, 1905. Patawan, Merrill 711, February, 1903,
For. Bur. 3548 Curran, January, 1906.

This bamboo is said by Merrill to be “clambering, 60 to 80 feet high, 1 inch
in diameter.” Maule calls it bical boboy. In regard to the question of the iden-
tification of it with Bambusa diffusa Blanco, Hackel, in the note referred to
above, remarks that the leaf-description does not well agree and that comparison
of the fruit is necessary. Blanco describes the leaves of Bambusa diffusa as
“figura de espada, pelosas por debajo,” and the fruit as “grande como un garbanzo,
globosa, cubierta con una membrana sefialada con cuatro lineas.” The latter
character seems likely to be important.

3. Schizostachyum palawanense Gamble sp. nov.

Culmus suffruticosus, prope basin solidus, 8 mm diametro; internodia
ad 20 cm longa, teretia; ramuli fistulosi, ad nodos incrassati. Folia
membranacea, glabra, lineari-lanceolata, apice acuminata, basi plus minus
inaequaliter acuta, marginibus scabra, 8 ad 15 cm longa, 7 ad 15 mm
lata; nervi obscuri, utrinque 4 ad 6; petioli brevissimi, vix 1 ad 2 mm
longi; vaginae striatae, ore oblique truncatae et ciliis longis 2 vel 3
munitae; ligulis brevibus parce ciliatis. Flores in paniculis gracilibus,
axillaribus in ramulis foliiferis; rachis tenuissimus glomerulis parvis
paucifloris ad nodos vaginatis, ultimis saepe continuis; vaginae strami-
neae, acuminatae, cito caducae. Spiculae in glomerulis plerumque 3 vel 4
fertiles glabrae, 6 ad 7 mm longae, additis aliis imperfectis et bracteis
parvis glumaceis; glumae steriles 2 vel 3, ovatae, breviter mucronatae,
inferiores I et II 2 ad 3 mm, III 4 mm longae, nervis obscuris; florens
5 mm longa, multum convoluta; palea etiam convoluta, aequilonga.
Stamina 6, linearia, libera, 4 mm longa, apiculo 0.5 mm longo pilis
albis longis aristatis tecto.. Ovarium glabrum, stylo attenuato, longo,
nitido, stigmatibus 3, longis, plumosis. Fructus ignotus.

PALAWAN, Puerto Princesa, Bur. Sci. 277 Bermejos, January, 1906.

The specimen bears flowering shoots not only in the axils of the branchlets, but
also direct from the roots, but this may not always be the case. As noted by
Hackel, it seems an anomalous species, with spikelets not unlike those of S. acuti-.
florum, but with the apiculus of the stamens quite different.

4. Schizostachyum Hallieri Gamble sp. nov.

Frutex dense caespitosus ; culmus 8 ad 9 m altus, 2 ad 4 cm diametro;
internodia ramulorum gracilia longissima, saepe 1 ad 1.2 m attingentia.
Folia membranacea, lanceolata vel ovato-lanceolata, apice setaceo-
acuminata, acumine scabro, basi inacqualiter rotundata, marginibus scabra

BAMBOOS OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS. 275

et saepe hyalina, supra glabra, infra puberula, 15 ad 30 em longa, 3 ad
7 cm lata; costa pallida, supra impressa, infra prominens nitida, nervi
utrinque 8 vel 9, supra obscuri; petioli 5 ad 10 mm longi, complanati;
vaginae glabrae, striatae, ore truncatae et utrinque ciliis (ad 12) longis
(ad 6 mm) munitae, ligulis etiam conspicue longe ciliatis. Flores in
paniculis longis ramulosis e culmi nodis, ramulis foliiferis admixtis;
panicularum ramuli ad nodos glomerulos 1 ad 1.5 em diam. ferentes,
glomeruli supremi aliquando subcontinui, rachis ramulorum gracilis,
subfiliformis, minute puberulus; glomeruli spiculas multas fertiles feren-
tes, additis paucis imperfectis et bracteis multis stramineis. Spiculae
lineari-lanceolatae, angustae, 15 mm longae, glabrae, basi ad rachim
vagina ovata 8 mm longa suffultae, deinde bractea parva, 2.5 mm longa,
bicarinata, ciliata; glumae steriles 4, I 3 mm, II 6 mm, III 7 mm, IV
10 mm, omnes 7—9-nervae et breviter mucronate; fertilis 15 mm longus,
convolutus, mucronatus; palea paullo brevior, etiam convoluta, hyalina.
Stamina 6, imprimis filamentis conjunctis sed cito separandis; antherae
lineares, 6 ad 7 mm longae, obtusae. Ovarium tenue, stylo crustaceo
nitido longo et stigmatibus 3 brevibus plumosis. Fructus ignotus.

BASILAN, Hallier, January, 1904. Mrtnpvoro, Subaan, For. Bur. 11374 Merritt,
April, May, 1908. Leyrr, Palo, Elmer 7145, January, 1906. Luzon, Province
of Bataan, Lamao River, Whitford, September, 1905. MinpAnao, District of Zam-
boanga, Copeland s. n., May, 1910.

This bamboo is said by Merritt and by Whitford to be called anos, the native
name given by Blanco for his Bambusa lima. Mr. Merrill thinks that it is Bam-
busa lima Blanco, but the description of that plant, whatever it was, is not one
which is likely to ensure identification and anos leaves can scarcely be called
“angusta.”

5. Schizostachyum hirtiflorum Hack. in Philip. Journ, Sei. 2 (1907) Bot.
420.
Schizostachyum sp. Merrill 1. ¢. 1 (1906) Suppl. 391.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Loher 1659 (Herb. Kew.); Sablan, Elmer 6173,

April, 1904: Province of Cagayan, Tuguegarao, Williamson, February, 1906: Prov-
ince of Ilocos Norte, Bur. Sci. 2240, 2310 Mearns, January, 1907: Province of
Pangasinan, For. Bur. 8334 Curran & Merritt, December, 1907, with diseased
inflorescence: Province of Bataan, For. Bur. 17311 Curran, June, 1909 (?):
Province of Rizal, Loher 1658, 1667 ; Morong, Bur. Sci. 1419 Ramos, August, 1906.

Mr. Elmer describes this species as erect, 20 to 30 feet high, 3 to 5 inches in
diameter, growing in dry ravines. Curran & Merritt call it bical and say that it
is “common on ridges and slopes, forming dense thickets.” Ramos’ specimen
bears the Tagalog name boo and has been doubtfully identified with Bambusa
levis Blanco, but the leaves have not the under surface “molliter lanata,”’ and so
I fear the identification can not be accepted. I am inclined to refer to this
species Merrill’s no. 581, collected on Culion Island in December, 1902, which he
says is called in Tagalog bagacan, and describes as reaching 30 to 40 feet in
height and forming extensive dense thickets. Loher gives the native name bocawi.
Curran’s no. 17311 is a rather imperfect specimen with terminal short inflorescence,
but I believe it to belong to this species.

"7 = mee

Pe. le ee

,
|

er ees eee eee ee ~ le ee eRe el ee ee

276 7 GAMBLE.

6. Schizostachyum mucronatum Hack. in Philip. Journ. Sei. 3 (1908) Bot.
169.

Luzon, Province of Ilocos Sur, Dolores, For. Bur. 5659 Klemme, October, 1906:
Province of Pangasinan, Mor. Bur. 8275 Curran & Merritt, December, 1907: Prov-
ince of Camarines, For. Bur. 10414 Curran, May, 1908: Province of Bataan, For.
Bur. 38615 Maule, January, 1906. Minpanao, District of Davao, Todaya, Elmer
10838.

Klemme says that this bamboo is called bolo and grows in open forests on
steep rocky slopes, being “too common ;” Curran gives the name boho or caiia boho ;
Maule gives the name as bojo, and his specimen has been identified with Bambusa
lumampao Blanco, which may prove to be correct, at any rate there seems to be
nothing special in Blanco’s description to prevent it. But the description might
fit several other species just as well and the only definite thing about it is that
B. lumampao is the bamboo from which sticks are made and commonly sold in
Manila. Only local investigation can properly utilize this information.

7. Schizostachyum Toppingii Gamble sp. nov.

Frutex erectus vel scandens; culmi parce fistulosi, teretes, nitidi;
internodiis brevibus; ramuli duri, nitidi, foliiferi et floriferi eodem
culmo, nodis incrassati. Folia subcoriacea, glabra, praecipue ad ex-
tremitates ramulorum aggregata, vaginis multis veteribus suffulta, lineari-
lanceolata, apice longe setaceo-acuminata, basi rotundata vel cordata,
interdum attenuata; marginibus scabra et saepe cartilaginea, 12 ad 30
em longa, 1.5 ad 3 cm lata; nervi utrinque circiter 6; petioli breves,
1 ad 2 cm longi, crassi; vaginae durae, striatae, ore truncatae et ciliis
paucis ornatae, ligulis brevissimis. Flores in spicis longissimis glomer-
ulorum paniculatim ramulosis; glomeruli alternati, saepissime subglobosi,
1 ad 1.5 cm diametro, interdum dense aggregati praecipue versus apices
ramulorum; rachis teres, uno latere sulcatus, infra nodos puberulus.
Spiculae glabrae, in glomerulis densissime aggregatae, fertiles longiores,
imperfectis multis admixtis, 5 ad 8 mm longae, vix acutae; glumae steriles

-2 vel 3, ovatae, I 2 mm, II 3 mm, III 4 mm, omnes 7- ad 9-nerves,

minute mucronatae; fertiles 5 mm longae, 9-nerves, mucronatae; palea
4 ad 5 mm longa, 5-nervis, paullo convoluta, hyalina ; lodiculae 2, minutae,
ovatae, longe fimbriatae. Stamina 6, libera, linearia, filamentis incras-
satis, antheris 4 mm longis, apiculo parce hirsuto, acuminato. Ovarium
ovatum, in stylum longum puberulum attenuatum, stigmatibus 3 plumosis.
Caryopsis globosus, glaber, siccitate niger, 6 mm diametro, glumis per-
sistentibus suffultus, apice paullo depressus et mucronatus; pericarpium
tenue, facile solutum; semen pericarpio conforme; embryone ad basim
in scutello eximie sericeo-hirsuto incluso, radicula libera.

Luzon, Province of Rizal, Montalban, Bur. Sci. 5222 Topping, July, 1908: Prov-
ince of Nueva Vizcaya, Quiangan, Merrill 126, June, 1902. Mrnporo, summit of
Mount Calavite, For. Bur. 9500 Merritt, February, 1908, altitude 1,200 to 1,400 m.
I also identify with this, probably, Loher 1661 (Herb. Kew.), from the Tangso
River, Luzon, May, 1890, but the flowers are very imperfect.

This species comes near to S. Dielsianum and 8S. acutiflorum, but has the
spikelets much less acute, the leaves thicker and crowded at the ends of the

_BAMBOOS OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS. 277

branchlets, and the fruit with only a minute apiculus instead of the large conical
one of the latter species. Topping’s specimens have both flowers and fruits, the
latter most interesting in structure. Merritt gives the common name as usiu and
describes the plant as “climbing,” and yet “very shrubby on top of the mountain
and not more than 1 m high, below larger and of regular size;” Merrill says
that it reaches 40 feet in height and is very straight and erect. His specimens
are slightly abnormal, being from broken culms, but the spikelets and leaves
agree with the chief type. He has referred his specimen to Bambusa lwumampao
Blanco, which more probably is Schizostachyum acutiflorum Munro.

8. Schizostachyum Curranii Gamble sp. nov.

Culmus fruticosus, scandens, fistulosus; internodia viridia, scabra;
vaginae chartaceae, glabrae, striatae, apice truncatae, ligulis longiusculis,
parce setaceo-fimbriatis. Folia chartacea,, glabra, lanceolata vel ovato-
lanceolata, apice longe setaceo-acuminata, basi subcordata, marginibus
seabra, 12 ad 20 cm longa, 2 ad 3 cm lata; nervi utrinque 7 vel 8, perob-
scuri; petiolus brevis, 3 mm longus; vaginae glabrae, striatae, ore oblique
truncatae, ligulis longiusculis. Flores in paniculis axillaribus in culmis
foliiferis, ad 70 cm longis; ramuli multi ad nodos racemos vaginatos
ferentes; vaginae lineari-lanceolatae, stramineae, glabrae, 1 ad 3 cm
longae ; racemi spiculis 1 ad 6 alternatim dispositis et stramineo-bracteatis.
Spiculae oblongo-lanceolatae, glabrae, 8 mm longae; ultima ¢ , ebracteata,
inferiores ¢ vel &, bracteatae et bracteolis binis parvis bicarinatis,
ciliatis; glumae steriles 2 vel 3, ovatae, longe mucronatae, 5—7-nervatae,
5 ad 6 mm longae; fertilis minor, convolutus, 5 mm longus; palea
- minima, hyalina; lodiculae 2 vel 3, ovatae, obtusae, 1 mm longae, apice
longe fimbriatae. Stamina linearia, 3 mm longa, apiculo plumoso 1 mm
longo. Ovarium puberulum attenuatum, stigmatibus plumosis, floris ¢
glabrum, basi incrassatum. Fructus ignotus.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Lusod-Bayabas trail, altitude 2,000 m, For, Bur.
10849 Curran, December, 1908.

9. Schizostachyum luzonicum Gamble sp. nov.

‘Culmus suffruticosus, 1 ad 2 m altus, parce fistulosus, glaber, nitidus ;
internodia 20 ad 25 em longa, 1 cm diametro; vaginae 3 ad 5 cm longae,
glabrae, margine ciliatae, ore fimbriato-auriculatae, pseudophyllis tri-
angularibus longe acuminatis; ramuli stricti, folia et flores ferentes.
Folia coriacea, glabra, pallida, versus apices ramulorum congesta, lan-
ceolata, apice acuminata, basi cordata, marginibus cartilagineis, 10 ad
20 cm longa, 2 ad 3.5 cm lata; nervi obscuri, utrinque 8 ad 10; petiolus
latus, 3 ad 5 mm longus; vaginae glabrae, nitidae, ore fimbriato-auri-
culatae, ligulis brevissimis. Flores in paniculis vaginatis lateralibus vel
terminalibus foliis suffultis, 15 ad 60 cm longis; rachis alternatim
sinuatus; glomeruli pauciflores singuli vel in spicis basi vaginati, vagina
glabra, 10 ad 15 mm longa, aristata margine ciliata; bracteae parvae,
3 vel 4, ovatae, longe ciliatae, spiculis 3 quarum una longior et fertilis.
Spiculae lineari-fusiformes, aristatae, 1 cm longae; glumae steriles 2 vel

PO ee es en ee ee

-

278 GAMBLE.

3, ovatae, longe mucronatae, I 7 mm, II 8 mm, III 7 mm; fertilis 5 ad
6 mm; palea 4 ad 5 mm, hyalina, convoluta; omnes 5—9-nervatae,
marginibus eximie albo-ciliatis; lodiculae ovatae, longe fimbriatae.
Stamina 6, linearia, glabra, 2 mm longa, apice obtusa, rotundata, scabra.
Ovarium (immaturum) complanatum, puberulum, stigmatibus brevibus
pilosis. Fructus ignotus.

Luzon, Province of Zambales, altitude 800 m, For. Bur, 8411 Curran & M erritt,
December, 1907, For. Bur. 5926 Curran, January, 1907, in moist places on rocky
hills.

A remarkable reed-like species, noticeable by the coriaceous leaves and the—
long-white-ciliate margins of the glumes. It seems to have no resemblance to
any of the other species I have seen.

10. Schizostachyum Merrillii Gamble sp. nov.

Culmus fruticosus, fistulosus, scaber, 2 cm diametro. Folia chartacea,
pallida, glabra, anguste linearia, apice acuminata, basi acuta, marginibus
scabra, 7 ad 15 cm longa, 7 ad 10 mm lata, longitudinaliter corrugata,
nervi obscuri, utrinque 3; petioli 2 ad 3 mm longi; vaginae nitidae, ore
truncatae, parce ciliatae, ligulis brevibus fimbriatis. Flores terminales in
ramulis foliiferis, in spicis gracilibus vaginatis parce ramosis vix 10
em longis. Spiculae 1 ad 5, distichae, in spicis parvis ad nodos vaginatos,
rachillis minutis separatae, ultima major fertilis, rachilla terminali,
inferiores aliquando imperfectae; vaginae muticae, stramineae, 8 mm
longae ; glumae vacuae parvae, 1 vel 2, aristatae, florens 1 cm longa, dorso
minute sericea, longe aristata; palea subaequilonga, aristata, convoluta.
Stamina 6, libera, 5 mm longa, apice obtusa. Ovarium lineare in stylum
longum productum, stigmatibus plumosis. Fructus ignotus.

Luzon, Province of Rizal, Antipolo, Merrill 1744, March, 1903.

Only one specimen of this is available, but it is sufficiently good to indicate a
well-marked species.

7. DINOCHLOA Biise.

Climbing shrubs.
Leaves broad.
Lodicules absent; caryopsis globose; floral rachis glabrous........1. D. scandens
Lodicules present; cayyopsis oblong; floral rachis pubescent.. 2. D. pubiramea
Leaves narrow; no lodicules.

Culms smooth; caryopsis globose.................. 1. D. scandens var. angustifolia
Ceabenia roughly CATO peae OR 3... cnceapaiks daheesscckaw svensdlagasene-shibcatin 3. D. Aguilarit
Herbaceous undershrubs; lodicules present...................2.:-0---1-eeeeeeee 4. D. Elmeri

1. Dinochloa scandens QO. Kuntze Rev. Gen. Pl. (1891) 778.

Bambusa scandens Bl. ex Nees in Flora 7 (1824) 291.

Dinochloa Tjankorreh Biise in Miq. Pl. Jungh. (1854) 388; Mig. Fl. Ind.
Bat. 3 (1859) 415; Munro in Trans. Linn. Soe. 26 (1868) 153, t. 5 (eel. 4, 5);
Kurz in Ind. Forester 1 (1876) 352; F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 324; Gamble
in Ann. Bot. Gard. Cale. 7 (1896) 112, et in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 7 (1897)
414; Pilger in Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1904) 150; Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci.
1 (1906) Suppl. 29, 392.

BAMBOOS OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS. 279

Porto, Bur. Sci. 10416 McGregor, also (probably), Bur. Sci. 10415 Mc-
Gregor. PALAWAN, Puerto Princesa, Bur. Sci. 276 Bermejos, January, 1906;
Casuarina Point, Bur. Sci. 621 Foxworthy, March, 1906. BatasBac, Bur. Sci.
447% Mangubat, March, 1906, near the seashore. BASILAN, For, Bur. 3980, 3981
Hutchinson. Minvoro, Bongabong River, For. Bur. 3701, 4066 Merritt, March,
1906. Mrnpanao, District of Davao, Copeland 1239, April, 1904: Lake Lanao,
Camp Keithley, Mrs. Clemens 1176, September, 1907.

This species seems to be widespread in the southern islands. The following
are given as vernacular names: baia (Foxworthy) ; bacaue (Mangubat) ; bucao
(Hutchinson) ; wsiu, bolocaui (Merritt). Copeland’s specimens have fruit which
is very interesting in structure. The caryopsis is globose, black, smooth, 3.5
mm in diameter, tipped with the style and 3-lobed stigma, and supported at the”
base by the persistent glumes. The pericarp is easily separated and the scutellum
of the seed is apparently a thin gelatinous film enclosing the embryo and half
of the endosperm and semi-adherent to the pericarp.

Var. angustifolia Hackel ex Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 1 (1906) Suppl. 392.

Luzon, Province of Laguna, Cuming 637, 1836; Mount Maquiling, Merrill
5145, March, 1906, Elmer, April, 1905: Province of Bataan, Mount Mariveles,
For. Bur. 2102 Borden, November, 1904. Mrnporo, Pola, Merrill 2224, May,
1903; Balete River, For. Bur. 6135 Merritt, January, 1907. MINnpanao, District
of Davao, Todaya, Copeland 1239, in part, April, 1904: District of Zamboanga,
For. Bur. 9235 Whitford & Hutchinson, January, 1908. BasiLan, Haller,
January, 1904, F

Local investigation, including especially an examination of the mature culms,
the culm-sheaths, and the ripe fruit, may show this to be a species distinct
from Dinochloa scandens. Borden gives the vernacular name as timac; Merrill
and Merritt give it as usiu.

2. Dinochloa pubiramea Gamble sp. nov.

D. scandens O. Ktze. var. pubiramea Merrill MS. in Herb. Manila.

Frutex scandens; culmi 2.5 em diametro, subscabri, nodis incrassati
et geniculati. Folia chartacea, apice setaceo-acuminata, basi plus minus
inaequaliter rotundata, utrinque glabra vel infra minutissime puberula,
marginibus scabra, 17 ad 27 em longa, 2 ad 5 cm lata; nervi utrinque
13 vel 14, vel in foliis angustis pauciores; petioli lati, crassi, 2 ad 4
mm longi; vaginae longae et longe persistentes, nitidae, dorso carinatae,
apice oblique truncatae nudae; ligulis parvis ciliatis. Flores in capitulis
minutis, distantibus vel continuis, vel in racemis brevibus, secus ramulos
filiformes panicularum longarum ex axillis in culmis foliiferis; ramuli
vaginati, vaginis stramineis lanceolatis, superioribus acuminatis, inferior-
ibus pseudophylla ferentibus; internodia gradatim minora, ultima pube-
scentia sicut etiam bracteolae capitularum. Spiculae in capitulis fertiles
paucae, bracteolis paleaceis multis obtusis admixtae; glumae steriles 2,
I 1.5 mm longa, glabra, latissima, profunde emarginata et apiculo acuto,
II I similis sed 2.5 mm longa et minus emarginata; florens (valva) 3 mm
longa, lata, minute apiculata, 7-nervia; palea ovato-acuta, apice ciliata,
vix convoluta, 2 ad 3 mm longa; lodiculae 3, minimae, 1 mm longae,
ovatae, longe fimbriatae. Stamina 6, libera, antheris 1.5 mm longis,

PON ae “| Se _ i}. Oe ee) ae he ae
—, ae lle a eee i wil . wee ot pte an) .¢. hited dig i Pees ign Bits
; q
é F
4

280 GAMBLE.

apiculo longiusculo hirsuto. Ovarium oblongum vel obovatum. Stylo
brevi, stigmatibus 3, longis, plumosis. Caryopsis (immatura) oblonga,
apice nitida, obtusa, stylo indurato terminata.

MINDANAO, Province of Surigao, Mount Biantung, Bolster 319, May, 1906.
BASILAN, near Isabela, For. Bur. 3977 Hutchinson, February, 1906. Nxraros,
‘ Sicaba River, Everett, July, 1906.

I am of the opinion that there is ample reason to separate this from Dinochloa
scandens, not only on account of the pubescent panicle-rachis, but also on account
of the emarginate glumes, long-plumose stigmas, and the presence of lodicules
Hutchinson gives the vernacular name as bucao, Everett as cawayan.

| 3. Dinochloa Aguilarii Gamble sp. nov.

Frutex scandens ; culmi parce fistulosi, opaci, scabri, 1 ad 2 cm lati;
ramuli ad nodos fasciculati, foliiferi breves, floriferi longissimi, foliiferi
pergraciles, rigidi, ad nodos incrassati, geniculati. Folia membranacea,
glabra, lineari-lanceolata, apice rigide et scabre setaceo-acuminata, basi
rotundata, uno latere scabra, 6 ad 13 cm longa, 10 ad 16 mm lata; nervi
utrinque 4 ad 6; petioli vix ulli; vaginae tenues striatae, glabrae vel
puberulae, ore ciliis paucis (3 vel 4) rigidis, longioribus ornatae, ligulis
pubescentibus. Flores in spicis brevibus bracteatis secus ramulos tenuis-
simos panicularum longarum terminalium florentium vel interdum foli-
iferarum, bracteae lanceolatae bracteolis obtusis minutis. Spiculae

minimae, 3 mm longae, glabrae; glumae steriles 2, I ovata obtusa, 1 mm,

IT late ovata, 2 mm, florens (valva) 3 mm oblonga; palea valvae aequi-

longa, hyalina. Stamina 6, libera, antherae lineares, 2 mm longae, api-
. culis puberulis. Ovarium basi ovatum in stylo tenui productum, stigmate
late plumoso. Caryopsis oblonga, glabra, 4 mm longa, apiculo rigido
conico, 1 mm longo, basi glumis persistentibus suffulta; pericarpium
crassum ; semen pericarpio conforme infra ad unum latus scutello plano
conspicuo sub embryone minuto ornatum.

eee |

Luzon, Province of Bulacan, Angat, For. Bur. 11163 Aguilar, March, 1908:
Province of Ilocos Norte, Mount Piao, For. Bur. 14010 Merritt & Darling, Novem-
ber, 1908, altitude 1,000 m: Province of Nueva Ecija, For. Bur. 8588 Curran,
January, 1908: Province of Bataan, Mount Mariveles, Holman 1049, April, 1910.
BAsILAN, Hallier, January, 1902.

This seems to me to be quite distinct from D. scandens var. angustifolia, in
the scabrous culms, the thin leaves, and the quite different caryopsis. At the
same time, I have ventured to describe it as a separate species only with some
diffidence, for I feel that as all the available Dinochloa specimens are more or
less imperfect in some respect, nothing will really set right their separation but
a careful and complete study on the spot. None of the specimens have any
culm-sheaths, only one has fruit, and some have the flowers far too young for
study. Aguilar gives the vernacular name as baito ; Curran as esu.

— ee oe Pe

4. Dinochloa Elmeri Gamble sp. noy.
Suffrutex parvus semiherbaceus, basi solum plus minus lignosus ;

culmi pergraciles, molles, vix 50 cm alti; ramuli geniculati. Folia
membranacea, lanceolata, apice acuminata, basi rotundata, margine ex-

BAMBOOS OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS. 281

teriore scabra, caeterum glabra, 5 ad 7 cm longa, 6 ad 15 mm lata, nervi
utrinque 3 vel 4, obscuri, petioli 1 ad 1.5 mm longi; vaginae molles,
striatae, scabrae, apice truncatae, minute ciliatae, ligulis petiolo aequi-
longis. Flores in spiculis minutis spicatis terminalibus vaginatis, alter-
natim distantibus; vaginae parvae, puberulae, 1.5 mm longae. Spiculae
oblongae, ad 4.5 mm longae; glumae vacuae 2, minutae, emarginatae,
puberulae, ciliatae, I 1 mm, II 1.5 mm longa; gluma florens late emar-
ginata, in sinu mucronata, 7-nervia, pubescens, 2.5 mm longa, 3.5 ad
4 mm lata; palea florenti similis, convoluta, apicis alis utrinque angulatis,
apice solum obscure 2-carinata ; lodiculae 1 ad 3 (?), spathulatae, glabrae,
rarissimae. Stamina 6, libera, 3 mm longa, linearia, apiculo scabro.
Ovarium lanceolatum, stylo tenui, stigmatibus 2 vel 3, pilosis. Caryopsis
oblonga, 5.5 mm longa, 4 mm lata, basi glumis suffulta, apice rostrata;
pericarpium a semine facile solutum.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Mount Santo Tomas, Elmer 6542, June, 1904.
Negros, Canlaon Voleano, Bur. Sci. 1140 Banks, June, 1906, doubtful.

A very curious and interesting plant, “rare in the mossy forest at the summit
of the mountain” (Elmer). It seems to me to be distinctly a Dinochloa, but
better specimens may possibly alter this opinion and possibly even prove it to
belong to a new genus. Banks’ specimen is like a small wiry Panicum and has
no. flowers.

ra > ele ee) Uy eo 4. 2

THE PHILIPPINE JOURNAL OF SCIENCE, C. BoTany.
Vol. V, No. 4, September, 1910.

ADDITIONS TO THE BORNEAN FERN FLORA.

By Epwin BINGHAM COPELAND.

(From the College of Agriculture, Los Bajos, P. I.)

Dryopteris glabrior Copel. spec. nova.

A D. crenata (Forst.) O. K. fronde majore graciliore, multo laxiore,
ubique multo glabriore, soris minoribus differt.

Gunong Kapor, near Bidi, leg. C. J. Brooks.

D. crenata is unknown in Borneo, While the differences between this species
and D. crenata are all only of degree, they are so marked that they justify treating
the two plants as specifically distinct. D. glabrior is the more primitive of
the two.

Dryopteris penangiana (Hook.) C. Chr. var. calvescens (Christ) (D.
ferox var. calvescens Christ).

Bengkarum, near summit, leg. C. J. Brooks, No. 27.

The species is known from continental Asia; and this form, which in spite
of its stature is more nearly related to this species than to D. feroxw, has been
found in Mindanao and Negros.

PROTOLINDSAYA Copel. genus novum.

Rhizomate repente, paleis angustis vestito, fasciculo vasculari tenue
SOLIDO; pinnis inaequilateralibus non dimidiatis, venulis liberis; soris
intramarginalibus haud confluentibus, obconicis, lateribus indusiorum ad
laminam adnatis.

Protolindsaya Brooksii Copel. spec. nova.

Rhizomate 1 mm crasso, paleis rufescenti-brunneis, 1 mm _ longis;
stipitibus adscendentibus, 3-5 em altis, deorsum castaneis, sursum
rhachique plerumque viridescentibus; fronde 5-7 cm alta, 1 cm lata,
acuminata, pinnata, ubique glabra; pinnis alternantibus, utroque latere
10-12, infimis brevi-stipitatis, maximis 7 mm longis, 3 mm latis, cuneatis,
in segmenta ca. 3 obtusa oblonga incisis, venula in segmento quoque una;
pinnis medialibus fere aequalibus ad apicem inciso-crenatis vel integris ;
pinnis supremis adnatis, oblanceolatis, obtusis, monophlebiis; soro ad
apicem intramarginalem venulae, 0.5 mm lato, paullo altiore, margine
libera indusii integra rotundata.

96832——2 283

ee ae ee eee eee eee ee ee ee ey

284 COPELAND.

Gunong Bengkarum, altitude 1,050 m, leg. C. J. Brooks, No, 47: growing in and
beside a very cold stream.
_ This little fern is unmistakably related to Saccoloma moluccanum (BI.) Mett.,
and to Lindsaya cultrata (Willd.) Sw. The pinnae strongly resemble the
ultimate pinnules of 8. moluccanum, and the sori are alike except in position.
The rhizome and the aspect of the plant are like the Lindsaya. The origin of
Lindsaya, Schizoloma and Odontosoria has always been a mystery, to which this
fern offers a very interesting clue. I by no means believe that P. Brooksii is
itself the ancestor of Lindsaya or Odontosoria or Saccoloma; but it presents so
interesting a combination of the characteristics their common ancestors must
have had, that it is reasonable to suppose that it has retained with less modifica-
tion the less specialized, more generalized character of the more primitive and
now unknown real ancestor.

In the same connection it may be observed that 8S. moluccanum is with doubtful
propriety referred to Saccoloma. It has had at least four specific names in
Mierolepia, to which its affinity is clear.

Schizoloma heterophyllum (Dry.) J. Sm. var. Speluncae Copel. var. nova.

Stipite 4-10 cm alto nisi versus basin castaneam viride; fronde ca. 5
em alta; pinnis maximis 33 mm longis, 12 mm latis, obtusis, basibus late
cuneatis fere aequilateralibus, integris vel rarissime subincisis, membra-
naceis; venulis laxe anastomosantibus; soris vix marginalibus, continuis.

Sandakan, in a cave at base of sandstone cliff, facing the sea, Foawworthy 578.

Except for the suspicion that the peculiar environment may be responsible for

the thin, broad, entire pinne, I would not hesitate to describe this as a new
species.

Asplenium trifoliatum Copel. spec. nova.

Euasplenium foliis maximis, rhizomate suberecto, 7 mm crasso, lignoso,
radices validas multas emittente, dense paleaceo, paleis membranaceis
ovato-lanceolatis integris acuminatis 6 mm longis brunneis; stipitibus
15-20 cm altis, confertis, paleaceis, paleis sursum minoribus et subdeci-
duis; fronde pinnata; pinna utroque latere una, decurrenti-adnata, ca.
12 cm longa, 3-5 cm lata, caudata; pinna terminale 40 ad 50 em alta,
fere 10 cm lata, caudata, argute serrata, herbacea, supra glabra, atro-
viride, infra pallidiore, et ad costam atro-brunneam prominentem et
Sparsissime squamulis minutis ad laminam paleacea; soris laete brunneis,
inaequalibus, costa et margine remotis, vix 1 mm latis, indusio per-
sistente, sporis cornutis.

Sambas, near Tringos, on rocks in low-lying jungle, leg. C. J. Brooks, No. 26.

In some respects this species strongly suggests A. epiphyticum Copel., of
Mindanao, which I regard as a probable source of the genus Stenochlaena. It
has also enough characteristics in common with A. squamulatum to make their
affinity very probable. It may, therefore, well represent the connection between
Thamnopteris and the larger and probably older group, Eu-asplenium. On the

two fronds sent me I find only two pairs of veins anastomosing at the margin.
The veins end uniformly in elongate hydathodes.

ADDITIONS TO THE BORNEAN FERN FLORA. 285

Asplenium filiceps Copel. spec. nova.

Caudice lignoso, 5 mm crasso, paleis lanceolatis apiculatis castaneis
marginibus pallidioribus dense vestito; stipitibus confertis, cg. 10 em
longis, tenuibus, viridibus, ut lamina inferiore frondis sparse minute
squamulosis, squamulis pallide brunneis; fronde simplice 20-24 cm longa,
20-24 mm lata, utrinque angustata, angustissime longe caudata, obscure
serrata, subcoriacea; venis liberis; soris vix ad costam et haud ad mar-
ginem attingentibus, ca. 8 mm longis; indusiis albidis persistentibus.

Tringos (source of Sarawak river), leg. C. J. Brooks, No. 21.

This species is in the group of A. squamulatum Bl. which seems remarkably
well represented in this region. It is nearest to A. Natunae Baker, from which
it differs in margin and texture. It is the most caudate plant in the group.

Plagiogyria pycnophylla (Kze.) Mett. var. integra Copel. var. nova.

Marginibus integris, vix etiam ad apices pinnarum serrulatis, pinnis
gracilibus.

Mount Bengkarum, near summit, leg. C. J. Brooks.

Polypodium Zippelii Bl.

Mount Bengkarum, leg. C. J. Brooks, No. 38.

Apparently new to Borneo.

Dryostachyum ?

Mr. Brooks collected at the summit of Bengkarum a large fern which is what
might be expected as a hybrid of Polypodium heracleum and Dryostachyum
splendens, neither of which is known to occur in Borneo. Only a few segments

are fertile; these are not at the apex and are not much contracted. The sori
are composite, but not to the same degree as in Dryostachyum.

Lecanopteris pumila Bl.

Matang Mountain, July, 1908, leg. J. Hewitt.

This is the same fern as is found in Mindanao, and, though notably large,
ean hardly be other than that figured by Blume.

Vittaria longicoma Christ Ann. Jard. Buit. Il 5 (1905) 129.

Sarawak River, near Tringos, altitude 400 m. leg. C. J. Brooks, No. 17.

The fronds reach at most a length of 55 em, the palee are only 4 mm long,
and the sori are interrupted, but I think it must be this species, known only
from Borneo. The spores are reniform and the paraphyses have narrowly
- eyathiform heads. This is very near V. isoetifolia Bory, but longer, and the
paleae are narrower, less toothed, and with a very long filiform apex.

Elaphoglossum petiolatum (Sw.) Urban.

Summit of Bengkarum, leg. C. J. Brooks, No. 30.

New to Borneo. :

he ay? Ay po

Ries

THE PHILIPPINE JOURNAL OF SCIENCE, C. BOTANY.
Vol. V, No. 4, September, 1910.

THE FLORA OF MOUNT PULOG.

By E. D. Merrit and M. L. Merrirv.

(From the Botanical Section of the Biological Laboratory, Bureau of Science, and
from the Bureau of Forestry, Manila, P. I.)

The entire northwestern part of Luzon, west of the Cagayan Valley,
is high and mountainous, the region being essentially that of a cordillera
or a series of cordilleras, in which the streams are deeply incised, having
sharp V-shaped valleys. The topography is generally that of youth,
with here and there isolated table-lands, of which the Baguio plateau is
the principal one. Above the general upland of from 1,200 to 1,600 m
elevation a number of peaks arise, some of which attain an altitude of
nearly 2,900 m. Mr. Eveland,? in discussing the central cordillera,
considers it to be the master axis of Luzon, and probably one of the
original tectonic axes of the Asiatic continent, formed by a wrinkling
of the more plastic crust of the earth as the globe has contracted. In
it the oldest of the Philippine rocks are found, and on it all the agencies
of construction and destruction have been at work since the Philippine
Islands, as such, originated.

The geology of north-central Luzon is only incompletely known, but
in general the region may be said to consist of a core of dioritic rock,
overlying which is found a rather confused mass of eruptive rocks, in
the main, andesites. On the flanks of this core, dipping east and west
are Tertiary sediments, limestones, and shales, which may have once
extended over the whole region in the form of a broad anticline. Speci-
mens from rock outcropping on the summit of Mount Pulog proved to
be andesite.

Dr. Warren D. Smith, of this Bureau, thinks that probably at the end
of the Miocene, at the time of the great earth movements which took place
all over the world, a period of ore deposition occurred in the Philippines.
In the atea under discussion there are two principal centers of ore deposi-
tion, the copper deposits about Mancayan, northwest of Mount Pulog,

and the gold deposits near Baguio. The later history of this part of

17This Journal 2 (1907) Gen. Sci. 217.
287

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288 MERRILL AND MERRITT.

the country, from a geologic standpoint, has been more or less uneventful.
No indications of glaciation have been found, so that we may infer that
the climatic conditions have been essentially the same since the beginning
of the Tertiary, or since these Islands emerged from the sea.

From this region the Agno River flows southward through a deep and
narrow valley until it reaches the plain of Pangasinan, where it spreads
out, turns to the west and north, and flows into Lingayen Gulf. The
Abra River drains the west-central part of the region, flowing generally
in a westerly direction and emptying into the China Sea at Vigan. The
northern and northwestern parts are drained by smaller streams, while
the eastern portions are drained by the tributaries of the Cagayan
River. This stream is the longest and largest in Luzon, flows northward
and empties into the China Sea at Aparri, on the north coast of the island.

Between these main river systems is found the central cordillera of
Luzon, the culminating peak of which is the high mountain known to all
the local inhabitants, at least to those on the Benguet side, as Mount
Pulog, or Pulag, as it is sometimes pronounced. It is situated in the
northeastern part of Benguet subprovince, on the boundary between that
subprovince and Nueva Vizcaya.

The government of this region is at present organized into what is
known as the Mountain Province, comprised of several subprovinces,
some of which, like Benguet, have approximately the same geographical
limits as defined on the Spanish maps of the region, while the boundaries
of others have been more or less changed. The entire region is for the
most part inhabited by non-Christian aborigines, subdivided into numerous
tribes, each tribe speaking a different language or dialect. The Mountain
Province comprises what is defined on the Spanish maps as Benguet,
Lepanto, Bontoc, Abra, and parts of Nueva Vizcaya, as well as portions
of other of the neighboring provinces. The physical characteristics and
the flora of the greater part of this area are for most part quite uniform.
In the present paper, for convenience, the area under discussion is des-
ignated under the collective name Benguet-Lepanto region.

Mount Pulog, undoubtedly the highest peak in Luzon, and ranking in
altitude next to Mount Apo, of southeastern Mindanao, among Philippine
mountains, is situated at about 60 kilometers from the coast, on tlie
central range, its approximate position being latitude N. 16° 30’ 36” and
longitude E. 120° 50’ 20”. The name and position of the mountain does
not appear on any published map of the Philippines that we have been
able to examine, and although it is by far the most prominent peak in
the entire region, it seems to have been overlooked by the earlier ex-
plorers. There are several reasons why the mountain so long escaped
attention, one of the chief being that it is apparently in no place visible
from the coastal plain of northern Luzon, on account of the high interven-
ing coast range. Under favorable weather conditions it is probable that

” ee ae ee
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THE FLORA OF MOUNT PULOG. 289

the peak can be seen from cértain places in the China Sea, as conversely
the sea can be seen from the summit of the mountain in clear weather,
but from such points it would be more or less confused by the many
neighboring peaks. The Agno Valley in earlier days was apparently the
chief inland route of travel from Baguio northward. Owing, however,
to the depth and narrowness of the valley and the high mountains
bordering both sides, the mountain can be seen in only a few places,
notably in the vicinity of the little village of Adouay. From higher
points in the vicinity of Baguio, the summer capital of the Philippines,
Mount Pulog, when the weather is clear, is visible as a somewhat bald-
looking peak at a distance of about 45 kilometers to the northeast, but
much of the time it is enshrouded in clouds.

Magnificent views of the mountain are to be had, under favorable
weather conditions, from a number of points on the mountain trail
leading northward from Baguio along the range on the west side of the
Agno River. Baguio, however, as a resort for Americans and Europeans,
dates only from about the year 1902, and has only been easily accessible
since 1905. During the period of Spanish occupation it is probable that
the region north of Baguio was visited by only a limited number of white
men, and it is also probable that the mountain trail leading northward
from Baguio was used only to a limited extent by others than the Igorots.
Under these conditions it is not surprising that the mountain so long
escaped attention.

Various peaks in this mountainous region have, from time to time,
been credited with the distinction of being the highest in northern Luzon,
although popular opinion usually attributed that distinction to Mount
Data, a peak nearly 600 m less in altitude, near the boundary between
the subprovinces of Benguet and Lepanto, some miles to the north of
Mount Pulog. Mount Data doubtless earned its reputation from the
fact that the earlier explorers entered the region by the valley of the
Abra River, and probably did not penetrate sufficiently far to the south
to secure a view of the peaks beyond the Data range. The northern
slopes of Mount Data, as seen from the Abra Valley, are very abrupt, and
the mountain is certainly the most prominent one as seen from the
western and more accessible parts of that region. During the Spanish
dominion, moreover, several scientists and collectors, such as Richard
von Drasche, John Whitehead, and A. Loher, visited Mount Data, so
that in a way the mountain became better known than the neighboring
peaks,

Mount Pulog was observed by Dr. FE. B. Copeland and E. D. Merrill
in October, 1905, from the Agno Valley, near Adouay, and again in
November of the same year from Pauai, on the range west of the Agno
River. Doctor Copeland at the time expressed the opinion that the peak
was the highest one in the region, but no instruments for making observa-

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29(0) MERRILL AND MERRITT.

tions were at hand, and no opportunity was had at the time of the trip
to make an ascent of the mountain.

The highest peak, then, escaped careful observation until January.
1907, when it was ascended by Mr. Charles Benson, a surveyor in the
Bureau of Public Lands. Mr. Benson had charge of the execution of
free patent surveys and a river and trail survey in the Mountain Province
during the years 1906, 1907, and 1908, and in January, 1907, made the
first ascent of Mount Pulog of which we have any record. Regarding
this trip, the following is quoted from Mr. Benson’s report to Capt.
Charles H. Sleeper, Director of Lands:

“On the 5th of January, 1907, we ascended Mount Pulog, 9,500 feet, and passed
a night on its summit, the next morning having the delight and surprise of seeing
over half an inch of ice on the pools of water just below the peak.”

Mr. Benson’s party erected a large tripod and flag on the highest peak,
to serve as a triangulation station, and later observations on this point
determined the altitude of the peak as 2,880 m (9,480 feet), or somewhat
over 200 m higher than any other point in the region.

In Mr. Benson’s survey, distances were determined by the stadia
method. Elevations were carried along the traverse lines by vertical
angles. Elevations of prominent points were determined by vertical
angles and triangulation methods from the stations of the traverse lines.
The Agno River line was carried into the Mancayan-Suyoe mining region,
and checked within 4 m in elevation with the line brought in from Candon
by Mr. Goodman, formerly of the division of mines, Bureau of Science.

There appears therefore, to be little doubt but that Mount Pulog is
the highest peak not only in the region, but in Luzon, judging from
Mr. Benson’s estimates, as well as from observations made by the Forestry
Bureau party, and noted later. To Mr. Benson is dye the credit of
making this fact known to geographers and to science in general. The
first definite published information regarding the mountain is that
contained in a short account of Mr. Benson’s trip, written by Dr. M. L.
Miller, entitled “The Ascent of Mount Pulog.” ?

Whether or not there had been any previous ascent of Mount Pulog
by white men, can not, of course, positively be stated, but careful inquiries
made by the Forestry Bureau party of a number of natives living in
the vicinity, elicited only the information that to their knowledge no white
men, other than Mr. Benson and his party, had ever previously attempted
to climb the mountain. According to reports of some of these Igorots,
a native officer of the Philippine Constabulary had once crossed the main
ridge of the Pulog range very close, if not quite to the summit of the
highest peak, some years previously while searching for some offenders.
There is a well-defined and apparently considerably traveled trail leading

*This Journal 3 (1908) Gen. Sei. 99, 100.

i

THE FLORA OF MOUNT PULOG. 291.°

from Benguet subprovince eastward over the Pulog range into Nueva
Vizcaya, passing through the upper village on the Benguet side, Ankiki,
over the mountain to the small settlement known as Tinuk or Tinak, on
the Nueva Vizcaya side. This trail passes through the summit grass
lands immediately south of the main peak, at an altitude of less than
200 m below the top. It was the one followed by Mr. Benson’s party, and
all succeeding ones that have made the ascent of the mountain.

The name “Pulog,” or “Pulag,” as nearly as could be learned from
the Igorots living in the vicinity, signifies “falling off,” referring to the
extremely steep and often precipitous sides of the mountain. Mr. Merritt
also reports a current local superstition to the effect that the mountain
was the place to which the spirits of departed Igorots went after death,
but he was unable to secure any satisfactory confirmation that the belief
was generally accepted.

The second ascent of Mount Pulog was made in January, 1909, the
party consisting of Messrs. H. M. Curran, M. L. Merritt, and T, C.
Zschokke, foresters in the Philippine Bureau of Forestry, accompanied
by Maximo Ramos, botanical collector for the Bureau of Science, and
N. Penes and F. Madamba, student assistants, Bureau of Forestry. While
this party was working in the vicinity of Baguio during the beginning
of a field trip that had been undertaken for the purpose of determining
the forest cover of northern Luzon, a copy of Mr. Benson’s map was
secured, and the decision was at once made to attempt the ascent of Mount
Pulog. It was believed that the mountain would command a good view
of the entire surrounding region, and this belief subsequently proved to
be true. This party spent from January 2 to 8 on the mountain. ‘The

third ascent was made by Dr. E. B. Copeland and Mr. E. D. Merrill, .

accompanied by several American school-teachers who had been attending
the summer assembly at Baguio, including Mr. and Mrs. E. B. Baldridge.
This party was on the mountain from May 11 to 13, 1909. The fourth
ascent was made by Mr. R. C. McGregor, of the Bureau of Science, July
2 to 5, 1909. The mountain has since been ascended by Governor-General
Forbes and party.

All parties made the start for the mountain from Lutab, a village
situated on the east bank of the Agno River. Lutab can be reached from
Baguio by two routes, either by the trail leading to Ambuklao, there
crossing the Agno River, and leading northward through the towns of
Bokod, Daklan, and Adouay, or by the Baguio-Cervantes trail, leading
northward along the ridge west of the Agno River, leaving this trail at
Balangabang or at Pauai, and decending approximately 1,200 m to the
Agno River, crossing that stream at Adouay. .

A short distance south of Lutab a fair Igorot trail is found leading from
the river valley eastward up the steep slopes to the top of the first ridge,
altitude approximately 1,300 m. The trail then follows the contour line

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292 MERRILL AND MERRITT.

to the east for a distance of between 4 and 5 kilometers, drops to a small
stream at an altitude of about 1,170 m, and crosses this stream near the
junction of two branches, one draining the west slope of Mount Pulog, the
other draining the north or northwest slope. From this point the ascent
is by a rapid rise, the slope up to an altitude of about 2,360 m being

‘from 30° to 40°. The small Igorot settlement of Alam-am is found on

this trail at an altitude of about 1,500 m, and above this the last settle-
ment on the Benguet side, Ankiki, situated at an altitude of about 2,000
m (2,190 m according to Mr. Benson), at the upper limits of the pine
forest. The trial leads steadily upward from Ankiki, but from here on
it passes through the dense mossy forest instead of through open pine
forests and grass covered slopes that characterize the region below an
altitude of 2,000 m. At an altitude of about 2,500 m the trail emerges
from the mossy forest and passes into the summit grass lands, char-
acterized by more gentle slopes, continues eastward and passes over the
mountain immediately south of the highest peak.

As noted above, Mr. Benson determined the altitude of the mountain
to be 2,890 m. The Forestry Bureau party made a careful test for altitude
by determining the boiling point of water. This was done several times,
both at the extreme top and at the camp, which was situated at some
distance below the summit. At camp the boiling point of water was 91°
C., and at the summit was between 90.1° and 90.2° C. This gives an
altitude of about 2,889 m (9,507 feet) at the summit, practically the
same as that determined by Mr. Benson by other methods. All other
altitudes cited in this paper are from aneroid barometer readings.

The summit of Mount Pulog is doubtless subject to comparatively low
temperatures. Mr. Benson records the fact that at the time of his visit,
January, 1908, ice more than 1. cm in thickness formed at night at his
camp, a short distance below the summit. None of the other parties
encountered ice, but the temperature was disagreeably cold, especially in
misty or rainy weather and at night. Records made by the Forestry
Bureau party, on the ascent, are as follows: Altitude 1,500 m, at night,
15.5° C; at 6 a. m., 16°; at 8.15 a. m., 18°: altitude 1,800 m, 9 awh,
19°: altitude 2,250 m, 11.50 a. m., 15.5°: summit, altitude 2,890 m,
11.50 a. m., 10°, weather misty, and with a strong wind blowing.

Plate I shows the temperature registered at different times during
the trip of the Forestry Bureau party. For convenience in observing
the daily range of temperature, the records for each day have been con-
nected with lines. From an examination of the chart (Plate I) it will
be observed that the temperature on January 3, a wet, misty day, was
practically the same at noon as at midnight.

Mount Pulog, although situated in a region generally characterized by
a heavy rainfall from June to November and by drier weather from
January to April, is probably somewhat protected by the mountains to
the west, and as a result possibly receives a lighter rainfall than does the

ris eS ee es le

THE FLORA OF MOUNT PULOG. 293

coast range. There is, however, no direct evidence on this subject, and
the deeply gullied slopes of the mountain bear evidence of torrential
rains.

The following rather incomplete weather notes were taken by the
Forestry Bureau party :

January 1—(Agno River). Dry; light clouds.

January 2.—(Agno River to 1,500 M). No rain; sky nearly clear all day;
light mists and clouds after 5 p. m., and more or less all night.

January 3.—(1,500 m to summit). Alternately clear and misty in the fore-
noon; continuous heavy mists after 10 a. m., and all night.

January 4.—(Summit). Mists all the forenoon; clouds breaking away in the
afternoon; mists at night.

January 5.—(Summit). Clear all day. °

January 6.—(Summit). Generally clear, with light clouds.

January 7.—(2,100 m). Fair weather; light clouds at times.

January 8.—(2,100 m to Agno River). Clear weather.

The weather during the ascent in May, 1909, was similar to that
noted above, but one afternoon rather heavy rain, with considerable wind,
was experienced. In July, Mr. McGregor experienced light showers the
first day, the second and third days the summit was clear in -the
morning and more or less misty all day after about 9 a.m. In general,
so’far as observations made on such short trips are of value, the mountain
seems to be clear in the morning, becoming enshrouded in clouds at
about 9 a. m., and continuing more or less in this condition the remainder
of the day.

The top of Mount Pulog is a high, rolling plateau, including perhaps
between 1,500 and 2,500 hectares. Near the north-central part of this
area a higher knoll rises about 250 m above the general level to form
the extreme summit. From this grass-covered plateau the sides, which
are covered with dense thickets, fall off abruptly, as a literal inter-
pretation of the name “Pulog” implies. So steep are these slopes,
in fact, that a collecting party sent out by the Forestry Bureau ex-
pedition, although accustomed to all kinds of mountain climbing, was
forced to turn back from one of the slopes, after descending to an altitude
of about 1,800 m, the loose crumbling earth making further progress
absolutely dangerous. Other slopes appeared to be quite similar to
this one, except the one extending eastward toward the Agno River,
_ which is less steep.

In most places the soil is fairly deep, apparently formed for the
greater part by the rapid decomposition of rock in place. Outcropping
ledges are the exception, although some low cliffs are to be found, and
boulders are common in ravines and gullies. The rock formation, at
least of the summit, is andesite.

The view from the summit of Mount Pulog, which is uninterrupted
in all directions, is probably unsurpassed in the Philippines. Directly to
the north the distant view is obscured by the comparatively high peaks

294 MERRILL AND MERRITT.

known as Aki, Bulbul, Natoo, Palugloko, and Panotoan, while in the
distance is the eastward extension of the Polis Range, culminating in
the high peak called Amuyao, distinctly visible to the northeast. Farther
to the northeast the view is lost in the hazy distance of the great Cagayan
Valley. ‘To the east a view is to be had of practically the entire Province
of Nueva Vizcaya, limited to the south by the eastward extension of the
central cordillera, the Caraballo Sur Mountains, and to the east by
the distant coast range beyond the Cagayan Valley. In this view the
Magat River and its larger tributaries are prominent. To the south,
besides the naturally prominent spurs of Mount Pulog itself, are to be
seen a series of prominent peaks of the central cordillera, such as Libung,
Palansa, Puadan, and Ugo. Beyond the valley of the Agno River the
great plain of Pangasinan extends southward to Manila Bay, bounded
on the extreme west by the Zambales range, and limited to the south
only by the indistinct sea and the fairly distinct outlines of Mount
Mariveles, about 200 kilometers distant; Mount Arayat in Pampanga
Province is distinctly visible. The view somewhat to the southwest
shows the distinct outlines of Mount Tonglon (Santo Tomas) and
Mount Nias, the location of Baguio, and the ranges and valleys inter-
vening between Mount Tonglon and Mount Pulog; beyond is the Lin-
gayen Gulf, and in the near view the impressive valley of the Agno
River, the stream being visible only for a short distance, about 2,000
m below, near the village of Adouay. Directly to the west are the
interior mountains of the coast range, the ridge averaging at least
1,700 m in height, the peaks in places reaching 2,250 m in altitude;
especially prominent is the high, broad ridge known as Pauai, with the
still higher peak of Singakalsa a short distance to the north. To the
northwest are the near mountains and ridges east of the Agno River,
the more distant ones west of that stream, and still farther away the
sharp peaks of the Malaya or Montserrat Range in Lepanto subprovince,
south of Cervantes. At various places glimpses are to be had of the
China Sea, but at no place to the west is the coastal plain of Luzon
visible.

TYPES OF VEGETATION.

In the ascent of Mount Pulog four main types of vegetation are
noted, the first three of which are characteristic of the entire Benguet-
Lepanto region, the fourth being apparently entirely confined to Mount
Pulog. The steep slopes leading up from the river are covered almost
entirely with grass, although scattered broad-leaved shrubs and ‘small
trees are found in the gullies and stream depressions; this grass- .
covered area extends to an altitude of about 1,200 m. The second
formation encountered is an open forest belt in which the pine (Pinus
insularis Endl.) is the characteristic tree, which extends upward to an ;
altitude of about 2,200 m. The third formation, the mossy forest,

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THE FLORA OF MOUNT PULOG. 295

extends from the upper limits of .the pine region to an altitude varying
from 2,500 m to 2,600 m. The fourth formation, the open, grass-
covered summit, extends from the upper limits of the mossy forest to
the top of the mountain. Mount Pulog is apparently the only peak in
the entire region that has an area of grass land succeeding the mossy
forest ; all the other peaks are forested to the summit.

Probably moisture and temperature are the two factors which exercise
the greatest influence on the formation of these vegetative types. The
dry slopes of the lower parts of the Agno Valley seem to be too low in
altitude, and too warm for the growth of the pine, although it is
doubtful if the moisture conditions differ to any appreciable extent
from those in the pine belt above. Both the grassy region and the pine
forest belt are characterized by steep slopes and dry, well-drained soil
of fair depth.

At an altitude of about 2,000 m, which is above the general level
of many of the mountain ranges of the region, there is a great increase
in the humidity of the atmosphere. Observations made in January,
May, and July, indicate that those portions of Mount Pulog and the
other higher mountains of the Benguet-Lepanto region above an altitude
of about 2,000 m are frequently enshrouded in damp misty clouds and
that at the above altitude rains are frequent when at the same time
the air in the valleys at lower altitudes is entirely clear. No doubt this
condition is due to the condensation of moisture on contact of the upper
strata of the air with the higher and cooler peaks after the air has
passed over the warmer hills and mountains below.

The moist condition of the air and consequently of the soil, com-
bined with a somewhat lower temperature, favors the growth of hardwood
trees, and while it is probably not unfavorable to the pine, for very
scattered pine trees do occur both in the mossy forest and on the open
grass-covered summit, the hardwoods crowd out the pines in the former
habitat. The upper part of the mountain, above the present limits
of the mossy forest, is higher than the neighboring mountain peaks
and is subject to the full force of the wind; it may also be above the
main cloud belt of the mountain, although this is uncertain, and can
only be verified by continuous observation, for sometimes the summit
is clouded when the mossy forest is clear, and vice versa. The exposed
nature of the open peak, the unbroken sweep of the winds over its
area, probably the lower average temperature, and probably some local
differences in the distribution of moisture account for the absence of
trees and shrubs on the upper parts of the mountain; it is possible,
however, that the present limits of the summit grass lands may be
due in part to fires that have been started from time to time by the
natives. Mr. McGregor reports that a small area on the main peak
had been burned over a short time before his visit to it in July, and

te a

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296 MERRILL AND MERRITT.

traces of fires were observed by Mr. Curran. The almost continuous
damp conditions prevailing on the summit would, however, seem to be
opposed to any theory involving the occurrence of extensive grass fires
as effecting the limits of the summit grass lands. No traces of fires have
been observed in the mossy forest on other peaks in the region.

I. THE GRASS-COVERED LOWER SLOPES.

The steep slopes of the Agno Valley below an altitude of 1,200 m
are characteristically grass covered, the prevailing species being Themeda
triandra Forsk., intermixed with various other species, both finer and
coarser, and with scattered herbaceous plants. In the more moist
ravines and gullies a few broad-leaved shrubs and small trees occur,
but the pine, which is characteristic of the entire Benguet-Lepanto
region as a whole, is entirely wanting. This same condition is notice-
able for a long distance southward along the Agno River, and for some
distance northward until the river reaches an altitude of about 1,000
m, beyond which point the pine trees occur down to the river banks.

II. THE PINE REGION.

The pine region occupies the main bulk of the mountain slopes and
extends over the summits of most peaks and ridges that do not attain an

altitude of more than 2,000 m. In this area, which extends from an

altitude varying from 1,000 to 1,200 m up to 2,000 m, or in places
somewhat higher, depending somewhat on local conditions, the pine,
Pinus insularis Endl., is the characteristic tree, forming an open park-like
forest. The trees are almost invariably scattered, and it is only in
favorable localities that they are close enough entirely to shade the ground.
These pines are of moderate size, most of the trees ranging from 45 to
90 cm in diameter, and from 15 to 30 m in height, although in protected
places they are larger. Generally the trees show the effect of storms,
the tops of most of them being more or less shattered by the winds. On.
the open slopes the pine is practically the only tree to be found, but
in the gullies and stream depressions throughout the altitudinal dis-
tribution of the pine, broad-leaved trees and shrubs are quite common.
Most of these trees and shrubs, at least in the lower parts of the pine
region, are widely distributed species at low altitudes in the Philippines,
but find favorable habitats in the Benguet-Lepanto region only in
gullies and stream depressions. Prominent among the trees and shrubs in
these ravines are Pipturus asper Wedd., Melicope luzonensis Engl., Bischo-
fia javanica Bl., Mallotus ricinoides Muell.-Arg., Acalypha stipulacea
Klotz., Ficus hauili Blanco, F. nota Merr., F. cumingu. Miq., Premna
odorata Blanco, Guioa perrottetii Radlk., Pittosporum pentandrum Merr.,
Ehretia philippinensis DC., and Randia wallichiti Hook. f. At higher
altitudes in these ravines other arborescent species occur, such as Saurauia
elegans ¥.-Vill., Vaccinium benguetense Vid., Itea macrophylla Wall.,

Se ee Se ee ee

THE FLORA OF MOUNT PULOG. 297

Wendlandia glabrata DC., and Deutzia pulchra Vid. Numerous species
of herbaceous plants, ferns, etc., are also to be found in these ravines.
On the open slopes under the pine trees the ground cover is character-

istically composed of grasses, the most prominent ones being Themeda

triandra Forsk., Miscanthus sinensis Andr., Rottboellia ophiuroides
Benth., and various species of Andropogon (prominent in the fall
months). Next in abundance to the grasses is the common brake,
~Pteridium aquilinum Kuhn, while among other herbaceous plants, species

belonging to the Compositae and Labiatae are most abundant. Small.

shrubs associated with the pines are Rubus fraxinifolius Poir., R. elmert
Focke, R. ellipticus Sm., Rosa multiflora Thunb., Viburnum luzoniceum
Rolfe, and Glochidion luzonense Elm.

Most of the above-mentioned plants have a considerable altitudinal
range, but other characteristic ones are to be noted at various altitudes.
For a short distance above and below 1,300-m, the pitcher plant, Nepenthes
alata Blanco is common; at an altitude of about 1,600 m, the first tree-
ferns, Cyathea contaminans Copel., are noted, as well as a thistle, Cirsium
luzomiense Merr. Prominent among the herbaceous plants in various
parts of this area are the ferns Balantium copelandii Christ, Dryopteris
beddomei O. Ktze., D. setigera O. Ktze., Odontosoria chinensis J. Sm.,
Drynaria rigida Bedd., and such flowering plants as Dianella ensifolia
Red., Lilium philippinense Bak., Aletris spicata Franch., Polygonum
chinense L., Anemone vitifolia Ham., Kalanchoe spathulata DC., Des-
modium sinuatum Bl., Osbeckia chinensis L., Epilobium philippinense
C. B. Rob., Buddleia asiatica Lour., Leucas mollissima Wall., Plectranthus
diffusus Merr., Calamintha umbrosa Benth., Sopubia trifida Ham.,
Elephantopus mollis H. B. K., Ageralum conyzoides L., Solidago vir-
gaurea Li, Aster trinervius Roxb., Anaphalis adnata DC., A. contorta
Hook. f., Gnaphalium hypoleucum DC., G. japonicum Thunb., Spilanthes
grandiflora Turcz., Emilia pinnatifida Merr., and Lactuca dentata C. B.
Rob. The pine trees bear numerous specimens of various parasitic
Loranthaceae of the genera Loranthus and Viscum.

On the open slopes the dividing line between the pine region and the
mossy forest is comparatively sharply defined, but in the ravines a number
of characteristic constituent species of the latter formation extend down-
ward for a greater or less distance; on the other hand, very few species
characteristic of the pine region extend into the mossy forest, and those
that are found there are apparently mostly casuals.

Ill. THE MOSSY FOREST.

On practically all the higher peaks and ridges in the Benguet-Lepanto
region that reach an altitude of 2,000 m and above, is found a char-
acteristic formation that is generally called the mossy forest. Considered
as a whole this forest is made up of a dense stand of small, irregularly
shaped trees, comprising numerous species, the ground, and trunks and

:
j
’

he = a el lm ll ee » =. = oo 2 ae is
Se ay : " — = — r

298 MERRILL AND MERRITT.

branches of the trees being covered with a profusion of mosses, scale-
mosses, lichens, etc., while epiphytic ferns and orchids are very abundant.
The larger trees in the lower part of this formation on Mount Pulog are
sometimes 60 cm in diameter and from 13 to 30 m high, but most of
them are smaller and shorter than this, and as a rule, grow progressively
smaller and more stunted as altitude is gained. On sharp ridges, exposed
to the full force of the wind, the constituent species remaining approxi-
mately the same, the plants become very much dwarfed and frequently
much distorted, forming characteristic elfinwood. The trees are not
of uniform size in any part of such forests, small ones being invariably
crowded together between and under the larger ones.

On Mount Pulog this belt of mossy forest extends from the upper
limits of the pine region at an approximate altitude of 2,000 m, to an
altitude varying from 2,500 to 2,600 m, according to the configuration
of the open top ; on all other ridges and mountains in the Benguet-Lepanto
region where this formation occurs, it apparently extends to the highest
peaks, and this seems to be true of the other mountains of the Philippines,
wherever the mossy forest is found, with the exception of some active
voleanoes. Mount Halcon in Mindoro, however, has a well-defined heath
formation, consisting of undershrubs and ferns intermixed with grasses
at an altitude of about 2,400 m, but this is succeeded by a dense mossy
forest or elfinwood that extends to the summit of the mountain.

On Mount Pulog, at least at certain seasons, when viewed from the
open mountain top, this mossy forest presents a peculiar grayish shade,
caused by the color of the leaves of Leptospermum flavescens Sm., and by
the fact that the ultimate branches of nearly all the trees are bare and
exposed, due to the effect of the prevailng winds; the presence of certain
species of lichens in considerable quantities on the branches of the trees
accentuates the prevalent grayish tinge of the vegetative type.

In this formation the prevalent upper story or larger growing trees
are Hugena acrophila C. B. Rob., Leptospermum flavescens Sm., Podo-
carpus imbricatus Bl., Quercus spp., Symplocos spp., Eurya spp., Taxus
baccata subsp. wallichiana Pilg., and Neolitsea macrocarpa Merr. Lepto-
spermum flavescens Sm. is the largest tree in the area, but in the upper
limits it becomes much dwarfed and here hardly exceeds 10 m in
height. All have much-branched, spreading, scraggly habits of growth,
there being practically no large, straight-boled trees in the forest.

The most common constituents of the undergrowth or second story
trees and shrubs are Debregeasia longifolia Wedd., Berberis barandana
Vid., Drimys piperita Hook. f., Hydrangea lobbii Max., Polyosma philip-
pinensis Merr., Pittosporum resiniferum Hemsl., Rubus copelandii Merr.,
Evodia reticulata Merr., E. dubia Merr., Skimmia japonica Thunb.,
Glochidion merrillii C. B. Rob., Ilex crenata Thunb., Perrottetia alpestris
Loesen., Daphne luzonica C. B. Rob., Medinilla spp., Aralia hypoleuca

:

THE FLORA OF MOUNT PULOG. 299

Presl, Schefflera spp., Clethra luzonica Merr., Diplycosia luzonica Merr.,
Rhododendron subsessile Rendle, Vaccinium spp., Ardisia spp., Disco-
calyx philippinensis Mez, Loheria bracteata Merr., Rapanea philippinen-
sis Mez, and Psychotria spp.

A considerable number of herbaceous plants are noted, such as Viola’

topping Elm., Begonia merrittii Merr., Ellisiophyllum pinnatum Ma-
kino, Peracarpa luzonica Rolfe, Rubus pectinellus Max., Boenninghau-
senia albiflora Reichb., Sarcopyramis delicata C.' B. Rob., Coleus spp.,

Hemiphragma heterophyllum Wall., Galium gaudichaudti DC., Gynura

macgregorii Merr., Senecio luzoniensis Merr., Myriactis humilis Merr.,
Veronica monantha Merr., and others; among the grasses are Agrostis
elmert Merr., Aniselytron agrostoides Merr., and some species of [sachne,
and among the Cyperaceae a number of species of Carex. Nearly all
the mosses and scale-mosses listed in the following enumeration, as well
as the majority of the ferns and nearly all the orchids are from the
mossy forest. |

The upper limits of the mossy forest are sharply defined from the
summit grass lands, being bordered by a very dense thicket consisting
mostly of Rhododendron subsessile Rendle, Eurya spp., Symplocos sp.,
Daphne luzonica C. B. Rob., and especially a dwarfed bamboo, Arun-
dinaria niitakayamensis Hayata, the last often forming pure stands.

IV. THE SUMMIT GRASS LANDS.

So far as.is known Mount Pulog is the only mountain in the Philip-
pines that presents above the mossy forest a well-defined grass-covered
area; in this character it differs remarkably from all the neighbor-
ing mountains and high ridges. Above an altitude varying from 2,500
to 2,600 m practically the entire top of the mountain is a large
meadow. The soil is apparently deep and fertile, and rock outcrops
are not numerous or extensive. An examination of one of the valleys

‘showed an excellent sandy loam soil at least 30 cm in depth, and a

bolo thrust into the ground below this gave no sign of underlying rock.

Although the soil has every evidence of fertility, the Igorots state that no-

cultivation has ever been attempted in this region.

A very few scattered pine trees, Pinus insularis Endl., comprise the
entire arborescent flora of this area, while shrubs are apparently confined
to scattered individuals of Rhododendron subsessile Rendle, growing
usually near rock outcrops.

The turf covering this area is composed of a considerable number
of grasses and sedges, intermixed with a few herbaceous plants, and
this flora, from a scientific standpoint, is perhaps the most interesting
one on the mountain. Among the grasses to be noted are the com-
paratively coarse, widely distributed and here much dwarfed Miscanthus
sinensis Andr., with the finer species, Anthoxanthum luzoniense Merr.,

96832——3

;
;

- ) aera YON ts

“7 . - Sy — =, pee, so a Wadia tales ieee, vs
! ’ : ‘ Pica ie os

300 MERRILL AND MERRITT.

Calamagrostis filifolia Merr., Deschampsia flecuosa Trin., the last two
being perhaps the predominant species in the formation, while much
reduced specimens of Arundinaria niitakayamensis Hayata, a dwarfed
bamboo, are to be noted, especially near the borders of the mossy forest.
-Cyperaceae are represented by Scirpus pulogensis Merr., Carex rara capil-
acea Boott, C. tristachya pocilliformis Kiikenth., and Uncinia rupestris
Raoul. Other plants are Luzula effusa Buch., Sagina procumbens L.,
Smilax pygmaea Merr., Ranunculus philippinensis Merr. & Rolfe,
Halorrhagis micrantha R. Br., Anaphalis contorta Hook. f., and Gentiana
luzoniensis Merr. Below is given a list of all the species collected in
the summit grass lands, 37 in number, excepting the few mosses, scale
mosses, and lichens.

Peranema luzonica Copel.; on ledges.

Polystichum auriculatum Presl; on ledges.

Currania gracilipes Copel. ; on ledges.

Asplenium stantoni Copel. ; on ledges.

Plagiogyria nana Copel.; on ledges.

Pinus insularis Endl. ; very scattered.

Miscanthus sinensis Andr.; abundant.

Isachne pangerangensis var. halconensis Hack. ; rare.

Anthoxanthum luzoniense Merr.; fairly abundant.

Calamagrostis filifolia Merr.; very abundant.

Deschampsia flexuosa Trin. ; abundant.

Monostachya centrolepidoides Merr. ; rare.

Arundinaria niitakayamensis Hayata; abundant locally.

Scirpus pulogensis Merr. ; abundant.

Schoenus apogon R. & 8.; rare.

Schoenus axillaris Poir.; rare.

Gahnia javanica Moritzi; only near the borders of the mossy forest.

Uncinia rupestris var. capillacea Kiikenth.; rare.

Carex rara subsp. capillacea Bostt; rather common.

: Carex tristachya var. pocilliformis Kiikenth.; rather common.
¥ Jriocaulon depauperatum Merr.; in seepage pools, shallow water.
Luzula effusa Buchenau; only near rock outcroppings.

Smilax pygmaea Merr.; abundant locally.

Chamabainia cuspidata Wight; apparently rare.

Sagina procumbens Linn.; apparently rare.

Ranunculus philippinensis Merr. & Rolfe; in depressions only.

Hypericum pulogense Merr.; abundant locally.

Viola toppingii Elm.; in depressions only.

Halorrhagis micrantha R. Br.; carpeting the Igorot footpath.

Rhododendron subsessile Rendle; near rock outcroppings only.

Vaccinium villarii Vid.; near rock outcroppings.

THE FLORA OF MOUNT PULOG. 301

Gentiana -luzoniensis Merr.; scattered, prominent only when the sun is
shining, the flowers being then open.

Wahlenbergia bivalvis Merr.; apparently not abundant.

Myriactis humilis Merr.; only near rock outcroppings.

Anaphalis contorta Hook. f.; scattered.

Cirsium luzoniense Merr.; scattered.

A total of 37 species on an area of 2,000 hectares is a decidedly
poor flora. It is probable that the above list represents practically
all the species represented in the summit grass lands, at least those that
produce flowers during the first six months of the year. About 25 of
the total number represent northern or Asiatic types, while associated
with these are several .species that manifestly represent Australasian
types, Schoenus apogon, S. axillaris, Uncinia, Ranunculus, and Halor-
rhagis. Buta single species, Isachne pangerangensis can be considered as
a Malayan type. :

Table showing the families and the number of genera, species, etc., of the
Pulog flora. -

Confined to the
co ee
Orders and families. Genera. | Species. caeriae nea Philippines.
y “| species,
Genera. | Species.

BRYOPHYTA:

marcnantiaces._...-..--.. 5-3 1 Pe a ene ee alee Rh” Cates Caer

Jungermanniaces -_.---._--._. 12 22 Silo eeonad 6 20

Eee ee 30 bd he pater oie 13 24
PTERIDOPHYTA: .

i y¥menophyllacere ..-.......--as= 2 3 tT EET on Syeeanes 1

Geieane 2 3 Slintpiliibinceaed oie aed es

Peiypodiacess ....--------.-an55 33 77 2 tao 2 31

Seeicheniacers _....-.---.: 1 2 Ml rabeun coed , 1

mapinetace.._.....--. ---.--002-—4 1 | OEE ENS BERETA ee AS en 9 ee

Poco pogieces |. oe 1 ele ES a (ee eons oleae

Selaginellacew _.....-.__-_-1___- 1 2 aia Cee Ser Ld ee femoris
GYMNOSPERME:

pM ee 2 DAN sawamaanns) 2 hc oo; al sake acoee| soceelaeee

Pinaceee _____- societal ang 1. 1 5, (ome S. eee | a a
ANGIOSPERME: |

Gramines 4 fe ee 27 36 9 2(?)| 9 16

GYDCLAREM Fach ge ses 9 18 a 1 10

PS OT SO es RECO Ee OT Te. 3 3 2 |.-------min| cones Ties

PmtOnM UaGOtR ole 1 i 1 | nn inl 1

Rie tit 207. RRO te mip Bales ay 1 : i ee MNS

LT ee 6 8 2 omaeceiae 3 4

DidsCOres clr t.cetn wenn oeenmned 1 1 PEARLS OSS 3 UT eines.

Cannadess 2 See -~--— 1 1 ee Seca a

Orchidseete:.2u Rae 9 19 dB eek 21 ee 10 |

Piperadem eis... Sen oe 2 | 3 EL | ae Ae eee

Chloranthacee -_-_...--..-.------ eds Ge et a a

Di kg PA ee A | 1 3 7 RASC | ce 2

EU date RE SE ee | 1 | 6 Fh sccsaiashcecenniaaeallt Se xckasns | 1

i

pe ee a ee

——

“4
i
:

302

MERRILL AND MERRITT.

Table showing the families and the number of genera, species, etc., of the
Pulog flora—Continued.

Confined to the
Benguet-Lepanto
Endemic | Intro- region in the
_ Orders and families. Genera. | Species.) species. | duced Philippines.
; species.
Genera. Species.
ANGIOSPERM&—Continued.

cin Sy ae ee 9 12 Chains 4 10
BOTW BOON oie ccnnen babe pecs 3 7 Gch scotenalsies 1 4
Balanophoracee ~__._.---------- é 1 a pS be ee ee
POR GRONACCOS ...-2o 562 socte 1 J meee ee i) 2
Gienovodiacer —_.....-... 5... 1 | eee L,I C S SIERE ES?
Amaranthaces... .......--.-2-.- 1 pS ero ih aetna icine nina tticctermnnnin
Caryophyllacez ao 4 pee ee: it 2 2
Mamurigdiaces: .. >. 3 4 VE Fier apne 2 3
metheridaces 5-5 ose 1 1 1S nde 1 at
Meena cer — 5c 2 2 iB eae SA 7 pe ed Berea eae
ee ee REPRE ee eg ark 2 4 Sttebe. 2
ene Rear EO 2 2 oer Die 1
Nepenthacece | 1 5. EC, Pe Lee a eee
TOC UON ee i detent cig eee 1 1 a RR a RR ES Le Pe Mae aes
PAOD os onc eee 3 3 Lilie dale 1 1
Baxitragaces......... 2 ...25 5 5 1 | cen aoe 1 1
PAORPOTACSD — .-___..-.. .caanu 1 2 sees eed fob Pane
RONG doo... enonenccae aie 4 13 6 et aeaee 2 8
RIN ONNS ictus 10 ll 1 3 2 3
OmsiOs0e® wo. oo 1 + A Pe coe eereree. ee ee a dd eee ak ioe
EES, Unc ceeees Sy" 4 5 8 Bidjedenebn 2 3
1 EO ae Gaara tis 1 1 1 1
Euphorbiacese_____ ..._ .__. 11 16 8 5
NPP IROOUS <<. cacanaaunoalsacd i ; ie as As 1 1
Anacardiacese_____ ---_....-.__.. 1 1 1 gen ce 1 1
IOI ROOM oo 8. 7 4) 3 2
ES RE SSO ae 1 sc ALE AD CATR ES fe EE
Stnnay leavere... cee 3 : i a seas
Seon 2 So eee 1 i bp Se
SE SEE a Rata, nT 1 pS EEG,
fe eT ee 2 2 1 eee 1 1
SOO ee ete ea ce 2 | ccckgchestoac sabia aeere email ius sone en
tn te TSR i Se eC aa 2 2 ara ssin| anconcnn aria gt eee ana
Malvacez ____ 1 : eee oc SES ee eee ee sant AEE
DT OUI RGCGG8 issn aunnceue mance 1 | 1 ee acetal eeres «<a an
vo 5 eae Oe a ot SS Sag | Ee 2 3 3 See a
ISON OS sssnn n% mctnereincwenee titte os 1 2 a Bs Zz
Violaceze canoe “1 1 pI RE. 1
OIG. COGS nk inc meee 1 2 pe ER Sl 1
Thymelaeacere ................-- 2 e pe 2 Sad ma AR 1 1
Elaeagnacese __.___-._.____-____- pl 1 pe a ara
Syraces o.-_-.__..____._____. 4 4 1 i) emcees 1
Melastomatacege _______--___--_- 1 6 re ae | |S RR 4
RETIOEG sacred neta inne onan ne 1 a re ee 1 1
Halorrhagidacese______-__. ----_- 1 1
Co) ee ee 2 6 Oe. . aban oe se |
MER Ee ibe hy See tek oe 1 jie ee ae) See Se
CIOtHTR OCR wi cadie ce ceunts easuen 1 | yi Pee 1
PIOR ROIS. cactiececet evi terotak 3 5 5 enti i

wr

THE FLORA OF MOUNT PULOG. 303

Table showing the families and the number of genera, species, etc., of the
Pulog flora—Continued.

‘ | | Confined to the |
Benguet-Lepanto
| Endemic Intro- region in the |
Orders and families. | Genera. | Species. | species. | duced Philippines.
species.
| Genera. | Species.
ANGIOsPERM&—Continued. |
Menace 6 8 7: oo coe eo 3
top bE eee ioe | Site ee 1 2 AF i maa D eget | 3 Ss eS i OSs
mrmniceecems 200 ee i 3 its ieee 1
Ueto 1 1 fg Velie CRERREs Rehaa 2. 5 |e d feel
TRRRRIRCOR 2556.28 paws 1 1 OS eh Ei Te a reg e ae Jue
Gentienacers _.._.. ___. 2... 2 2 0 1 2
Asclepiadacere :_.............-.. 3 3 | SSS eee 2
Convolvyulaces ___..___-..-.__--. 1 1 lh Bia er Zon HN fs Neca ol as AH Sal
BOTERMINCON 22 ieee 3 3 Oa sea it X
Verbenacer.... ..... ieee 2 3 eS a. 2
DApiate 2. oa 7 9 5 ii 2 6
BOlANACED: 2. oA eee 3 7 3 p51 i a 3
Scrophulariacese —.-.-. 2. a 8 8 | hah SESE 5 5
PORN CTIAGD ee 2 3 | ESE | Rie sienna 2
Acanthacez-__.-____-._- ae 5 6 SD SE eee 4
VARIO 6 io soc) 2s ee 10 13 6 1 1 fs
Caprifoliaees: _.....--.. no 3 4 is REESE. 1 1
Cucurbitaceze er? re en eg Oo a ee
Campanulacese ..._._..-. aie. 3 3 ae 2 | 2
Composite _-_--_- Pin aa 31 39 18 3 11 | 20
Totals 357 528 224 | 17 | 81 | 251

In the above table representatives of 357 genera and 528 species are
considered, of which 17 species are undoubtedly introduced plants in the
Philippines. Endemic genera are represented by Merrilliobryum, Cur-
rania, Aniselytron, Monostachya, Cleistoloranthus, Loheria, and Merrittia,
four being proposed in the following enumeration. Endemic species
amount to 224, or about 42 per cent of the whole, approximately the
same percentage of endemism as is found on Mount Mariveles in the
Province of Bataan, Luzon.

The flora of the Benguet-Lepanto region, in the area approximately
limited by the regional distribution of Pinus insularis Endl, is quite
different from that of the remainder of the Philippines and is essentially
Asiatic rather than Malayan. In this region are to be found most of
the strictly continental and boreal types of plants that occur in the
Philippines, and a great number of these northern types are not found
on even the highest mountains south of Benguet. In this same region
many genera, characteristic of the Malayan flora as a whole, are unrepre-
sented, although more or less abundantly distributed in other parts of
the Archipelago. Representatives of 81 genera are found on Mount Pulog
alone that for the most part are widely distributed in the Benguet-Lepanto

re ee ee +

Sh ae 4b eas
ead is

ee eee ee te S| SP ke ,

304 MERRILL AND MERRITT.

region, but which have as’ yet have no known representatives in other
parts of the Philippines. The number of species present on Mount
Pulog that are confined to the Benguet-Lepanto region, so far as their
Philippine distribution is concerned, is 251, or nearly 50 per cent of the
total number considered in the following enumeration.

The flora of Mount Mariveles* in the Province of Bataan, Luzon, a
much lower peak than Mount Pulog, and situated at about 200 kilometers
south of the latter mountain, and of Mount Halcon,* Mindoro, ranking
among the higher peaks in the Philippines, and situated at approximately
350 kilometers south of Mount Pulog, and on another island, have been
somewhat investigated, and data regarding the vegetation of the two have
been compiled, so that a rough comparison between the floras of the
three peaks is possible. In making this comparison, however, it should
be borne in mind that in the case of both Mount Mariveles and Mount
Halcon many species from the lower slopes are included, and in the case
of the former, all the plants known from a certain area extending from
sea level to the summit of the highest peak are considered; in the case
of Mount Pulog, situated as it is in an elevated region, many of the
widely distributed species characteristic of the low country are naturally
eliminated, and nothing can be considered below an altitude of about
1,000 m.

On Mount Halcon, considering only the phanerogams and vascular
cryptogams, representatives of 28 families, 158 genera, and 530 species
were found, that have not been seen on Mount Pulog, and vice versa,
27% families, 176 genera, and about 380 species are found on Mount Pulog
that have not been found on Mount Halcon. Only 67 species of 58
genera are common to both Mount Haleon and Mount Pulog, and a high
percentage of these are widely distributed on most of the higher mountains
of the Archipelago, and many of them extend to other mountains in the
Malayan region outside of the Philippines.

In the case of Mount Mariveles, the comparison results approximately
the same; of the 587 genera and 1,117 species recorded from the Lamao
Forest Reserve, only about 80 species, representing nearly that number of
genera, have also been found on Mount Pulog.

The evidence at hand seems to show that the flora of the mountains
in the central and southern Philippines is essentially Malayan, while that
of the mountains in the Benguet-Lepanto region is very decidedly Asiatic,
containing a great number of Himalayan types, and presenting the limits
of the southeastern extension of the Himalayan flora.

The dominant and characteristic species of the Benguet-Lepanto region
is the pine, Pinus insularis Endl., a species very closely allied to and

’This Journal 1 (1906) Suppl. 1-141.
‘LT. ec. 2 (1907) Botany 251-309.

THE FLORA OF MOUNT PULOG. 305

perhaps not really specifically distinct from Pinus khasya Royle, of the
mountains of Khasia, Chittagong, and Burma. In the Philippines
Pinus insularis Endl. is widely distributed in the present Mountain
Province, extending northward from southern Benguet through Lepanto,
Bontoc, and Abra subprovince as Well as parts of Ilocos Norte and
somewhat eastward into Nueva Vizcaya, a homogeneous area; an isolated
and restricted area is found in the mountains of Zambales Province,
Luzon, while the allied species, Pinus merkusii DeVr., is found also
in Zambales Province and in western Mindoro. So far as our general
collections from Zambales and the pine region of Mindoro show, at
least some of the other species associated with the pine in the Benguet-
Lepanto region are also found in these two localities. As a rule, however,
the species so characteristic of the Benguet-Lepanto region are not found
south of the mountains limiting the southern boundary of Benguet.
Occasional ones, such as Pinus insularis Endl., Deutzia pulchra Vid.,
Microlaena stipoides R. Br., Sageretia theezans Brongn., Senecio luzo-
niensis Merr., and Lobelia nicotianaefolia Heyne, are found also on the
higher mountains of the Zambales range, while others, such as T'arus
baccata subsp. wallichiana Pilg., Cirsium luzoniense Merr., Ainsliaea re-
flera Merr., etc., extend still farther southward to Mount Banajao; still
others are found on Mount Halcon, Mindoro, including Drosera peltata
Sm., Vaccinium barandanum Vid., Ainsliaea refleca Merr., Isachne pan-
gerangensis Z. & M., and Arundinaria niitakayamensis Hayata. This
southern range is not surprising when it is considered that the altitudes
of all of the mountains discussed approximate that of the average peaks
in the Benguet-Lepanto region. Moreover the Zambales range, although
separated from the central cordillera by the Pangasinan-Pampanga
plain, is distinctly visible from the higher peaks of Bengyet, even from
such distant ones as Pulog, while the central cordillera forms a nearly
complete connecting chain with Mount Banajao. The absence of the
majority of the characteristic species of the Benguet-Lepanto region
from peaks of approximately the same altitude situated farther to the
south, is probably largely due to unfavorable climatic conditions, such
as relatively higher temperatures, differences in exposure, rainfall, humid-
ity, ete., and also to the fact that on these southern mountains, at
least on their more tropical lower and medium slopes, the struggle for
existence among the various species is much greater than in the elevated
comparatively temperate Benguet-Lepanto region.

The Benguet-Lepanto region, as intimated above, is characterized by a
great number of species that must be considered as of continental or
Asiatic origin, rather than as Malayan types. ‘Some data regarding the
northern element in the Philippine flora have previously been published,°

5This Journal 1 (1906) Suppl. 174-177.

306 MERRILL AND MERRITT.

‘and in the following enumeration of what are considered to be northern
types in the Pulog flora, those species previously considered are not—
discussed except where additional data have been secured. Prominent
among the northern types found on Mount Pulog are the following 112
species: Peranema luzonica Copel., the only other species in the genus
from the mountains of India and western China, Dennstaedtia scabra
Moore, India and China, Athyrium anisopteron Christ, southern China,
A. drepanopteron A. Br., Japan to northern India, Woodwardia radicans
Sm., Adiantum edgeworthit Hook., India and China, Tarus baccata
subsp. wallichiana Pilg., Pinus insularis Endl., Pollinia quadrinervis
Hack., Arthraxon ciliaris Beauv., A. microphyllus Hochst., Arundinella
setosa Trin., Panicum villosum Lam., Anthoxanthum luzoniense Merr.,
Aristida cumingiana Trin., Agrostis elmeri Merr., Aniselylron agrostoides
Merr., a new genus and species with northern affinities, Calamagrostis
filifolia Merr., Deschampsia flexwosa Trin., widely distributed in the
north temperate zone, Monostachya centrolepidoides Merr., a new genus
and species with entirely northern affinities, Brachypodium sylvaticum
Beauy., Arundinaria niitakayamensis Hayata, previously known only
from Formosa, Scirpus pulogensis Merr., closely allied to S. pauciflorus
Lightf., of Europe and northern Asia, Carex, 9 species, including C.
breviculmis subsp. royleana Nees, India to Japan and Formosa, C. rara
Boott, and C. tristachya Thunb., Japan to China and Formosa, Frio-
caulon depauperatum Merr., closely allied to a Himalayan species, Luzula
effusa Buchenau, eastern Himalaya and southern China, Lilium philip-
pinense Bak., also found in Formosa, Disporum luzoniense Merr. (D.
pullum of previous list), Ophiopogon japonicus Ker, Aletris spicata
Franch., Smilax china L., S. pygmaea Merr., very closely allied to a
Japanese species, Lecanthus peduncularis Wedd., India to China, Chama-
baima cuspidata Wight, Arenaria serpyllifolia Linn., widely distributed
in temperate regions, Sagina procumbens Linn., range of the preceding;
Anemone vitifolia Ham., Himalayan region to Formosa, Ranunculus
philippinensis Merr. & Rolfe., Berberis barandana Vid., Cardamine
regeliana Miq., Sedum australe Merr., Astilbe philippinensis Henry,
Deutzia pulchra Vid., Itea macrophylla Wall., Rosa multiflora Thunb.,
Fragaria indica Andr., Rubus ellipticus Sm., R. pectinellus Maxim.,
Shuteria vestila W. & A., Indigofera nigrescens Kurz, Khasia to China,
Boenninghausenia albiflora Reichb., Skimmia japonica Thunb., Coriaria
intermedia Mats., Pistacia luzoniensis Merr. & Rolfe, allied to Asiatic
species, Ilex crenata Thunb., China and Japan, Sageretia theezans
Brongn., Rhamnus pulogensis Merr., closely allied to Asiatic species,
Hypericum pulogense Merr., allied to Chinese forms, Viola toppingit
Elm., allied to Himalayan forms, Daphne luzonica C. B. Rob., perhaps
occurring also in China, Sarcopyramis delicata C. B. Rob., Lpilobium

THE FLORA OF MOUNT PULOG. 307

philippinense C. B. Rob., allied to a Himalayan species, Lysimachia
ramosa Wall., Gentiana luzoniensis Merr., Swertia decurrens C. B. Rob.,
allied to Asiatic forms, Sarcostemma brunonianum W. & A., India and
Ceylon, Cynoglossum furcatum Wall., India to Japan, Scutellaria luzo-
nica Rolfe, Leucas mollissima Wall., India to Formosa, Plectranthus
diffusus Merr., Calamintha uwmbrosa Benth., eastern Europe to India,
China, and Japan, Hemiphragma heterophyllum Wall., Himalayan
region to Formosa, Veronica monantha Merr., the genus mostly in
the north temperate zone, Sopubia trifida Ham., Huphrasia borneensis
Stapf, Lllisiophyllum pinnatum Makino, mountains of India to Japan
and Formosa, Rungia parviflora Nees, India to China, Galiwm spp.,
Lonicera rehderi Merr., Viburnum luzonicum Rolfe, V. odoratissimum
Ker, Lobelia nicotianaefolia Heyne, India and Ceylon, Peracarpa luzo-
nica Rolfe, Hthulia conyzoides L., Hupatorium benguetense C. B. Rob.,
allied to Chinese forms, Solidago virgaurea Linn., Myriactis humilis
Merr., Aster philippinensis Moore, Anaphalis adnata DC., and A. con-
torta Hook. f., mountains of India and China, Gnaphalium hypoleucum
DC., India to Japan, Carpesium cernuum L., Artemisia capillaris Thunb.,
Manchuria to Formosa, Senecio confusus Elm., S. luzoniensis Merr.,
Cirsium luzoniense Merr., Ainsliaea reflera Merr., Sonchus arvensis Linn.,
“and Lactuca dentata C. B. Rob., Japan to China and Formosa.

The cellular cryptogams show the same floristic relationships as do
the vascular cryptogams and phanerogams, as evidenced by the known
distribution of Schisma sikkimense Steph., Pogonatum miscrostomum
R. Br., Pilotrichopsis dentata Besch., Meteortwm helminthocladum
Fleisch., Leptohymenium tenue Schwaegr., and Plagiothecium necke-
roideum Bryol. eur. About one-fifth of the total number of species
found on Mount Pulog show northern affinities, and very few of these
‘northern types are found in the Philippines south of the Benguet-
Lepanto region.

- The Australasian element in the Pulog flora, although not represented
by a great number of species, presents several of special interest, and
it is at least a peculiar state of geographical distribution to find here,
associated with Himalayan types, a considerable number that must be
considered characteristic of the Australasian flora. Prominent among
these are Paesia luzonica Christ, allied to a species from New Caledonia,
Blechnum fraseri var. philippinense Copel., the species in New Zealand,
Microlaena stipbides R. Br., the genus otherwise unknown from north
of Australia, Carex graeffeana Boeckl., also in Fiji, Ayllinga intermedia
R. Br., Formosa, Australia, and Fiji, Schoenus apogon R. &. S., and
S. axillaris Poir., the latter now for the first time reported from north
. of Australia, Uncinia rupestris Raoul, the first representative of the
genus to be found north of the equator in the eastern hemisphere, and

i Se |

* is, a ae ad

308 MERRILL AND MERRITT.

identical with a New Zealand form, Dianella caerulea Sims, New Guinea
and Australia, Clematis macgregorit Merr., allied to forms found in
Australia and southeastern Malaya, Halorrhagis micrantha R. Br.,
Leptospermum flavescens Sm., and Drimys piperita Hook. f., representa-
tives of typical Australasian genera, Yuphrasia borneensis Stapf, Veronica
monantha Merr., and Ranunculus philippinensis Merr. & Rolfe, although
representing genera characteristic of the north temperate zone, still in
the case of all three species most closely allied to Australian and New
Zealand forms, Galiwm gaudichaudii DC., and Spilanthes grandiflora
Turez.

This Australasian element can be divided into two categories, the
first representatives of genera or groups that manifestly have developed
in Australia, being characteristic of that continent, and that have mi-
grated northward, and the second those that manifestly have reached their
greatest development in the northern hemisphere, and that have migrated
to Australia through Malaya. Manifestly a large part of the flora of
northeastern Australia is of Malayan origin, and any theory of geographic
distribution that would account for the presence of these Malayan plants
in Australia must likewise provide for a migration of Australian types

northward; the intermigrations between the two floras undoubtedly took |

place at approximately the same time. The majority of the Australasian
types mentioned above as occurring on Mount Pulog belong in the
second category, that is, to groups that have reached their greatest
development in the north temperate zone, but Microlaena, Schoenus,
Uncinia, Drimys, Leptospermum, and Halorrhagis, manifestly must be
referred to the second category. In other parts of the Philippines
we have other representatives of these strictly Australian types, such
as Centrolepis philippinensis Merr., Thysanotus chinensis Benth., Asca-
rina philippinensis C. B. Rob., Patersonia lowti Stapf, Phrygilanthus
obtusifolius Merr., Acacia confusa Merr., Stackhousia intermedia Bailey,
Pimelea sp. nov., Didiscus saniculaefolius Merr., Leucopogon suaveolens
Hook. f., Calogyne pilosa R. Br., Stylidiwm alsinoides R. Br., and Huca-
lyptus naudiniana F. Muell.

Somewhat over 100 species are more or less widely distributed in the
Indo-Malayan region, and generally also of wide distribution in the
Philippines. Evidences of special alliances between the flora of Mount
Pulog and that of other parts of Malaya are slight. : So far as our
collections and observations show, such characteristic families as Palmae,
Pandanaceae, and Dipterocarpaceae are unrepresented on Mount Pulog,
yet all of these are strongly developed as regards species in other parts
of the Philippines and throughout Malaya in general; scores of charac-

THE FLORA OF MOUNT PULOG. 309

teristic Malayan genera which are represented in other parts of the
Philippines with from one to many species have not been found on Mount
Pulog.

The material on which the present paper is based was for the most
part collected by Messrs. H. M. Curran, M. L. Merritt, and T. C.
Zschokke, of the Bureau of Forestry, in January, 1909, supplemented by
smaller collections made by Mr. E. D. Merrill and Dr. E. B. Copeland in
May, 1909, and by those made by Mr. R. C. McGregor in: July, 1909.
No previous botanical collections were ever made on the mountain.

In the following enumeration the mosses have been identified by
Dr. V. F. Brotherus, of Helsingfors, Finland; the scale-mosses by Herr
F. Stephani, Leipzig, Germany; the pteridophyta by Dr. E. B. Copeland,
Los Bajios, Luzon; Carex and Uncinia by Rev. G. Kiikenthal, Coburg,
Germany ; Orchidaceae by Mr. Oakes Ames, North Easton, Massachusetts,
U.S. A. Some of the Gramineae have been examined by Dr. HE. Hackel,
Attersee, Austria, and Dr. C. B. Robinson, of this office, has identified the
Myrtaceae, some of the Euphorbiaceae, and the Urticaceae. Dr. Warren
D. Smith, chief of the division of mines, Bureau of Science, has kindly
suppled the data regarding the geology of the Benguet-Lepanto region.
To the above gentlemen the authors are under obligations for assistance
supplied. Unless otherwise stated in the text, the other identifications
are by E. D. Merrill.

Material from Mount Pulog as yet unidentified and hence not con-
sidered in this paper comprises rather an extensive collection of lichens,
a considerable number of scale-mosses collected by Mr. McGregor, a few
mosses, and a small collection of fungi, principally Polyporaceae. Many
of the data used in the introduction are taken from notes compiled by the
Forestry Bureau party, and much of the success of that party was due
to the energy and ability displayed by Mr. Curran, to whom great credit
is due for the successful termination of the first comprehensive exploration
of Mount Pulog. °

The photographs used in illustrating this paper were taken by Mr.
Merritt, while the authors are under obligations to Major G. P. Ahern,
Director of Forestry, for the preparation of the map, which has been com-
piled from surveys made by Mr. Benson and by Messrs. Curran, Merritt,

and Zschokke. ;
; In the following systematic enumeration the material secured by

Messrs. Curran, Merritt, and Zschokke, distributed in the Forestry Bureau —

series, has for brevity been cited as “C. M. Z.” The material collected
by Mr. McGregor forms a part of the Bureau of Science series.
The systematic enumeration is by E. D. Merrill.

MERRILL AND MERRITT.

BRYOPHYTA.

HEPATIC.
MARCHANTIACE.*
MARCHANTIA (L.) Raddi.

l. M. geminata Nees.
In the mossy forest, OC. M. Z. 16892.
India, Java, Sumatra,

JUNGERMANNIACES:.*
JAMESONIELLA (Spruce) Steph.

l. J. flexicaulis Nees.

In the mossy forest, Merrill 6404, 6421, 6419.
Java, Borneo.

2. J. ovifolia Schiffn.

In the mossy forest, O. M. Z. 16385.

Ceylon through Malaya to Fiji and Hawaii.

ANASTROPHYLLUM Steph.

1. A. sp. nov. fide Stephani.
Mossy forest above an altitude of 2,250 m, Merrill 6403.

PLAGIOCHILA Dum.

1. P. vittata Steph. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. II 3 (1903) 596.
In the mossy forest, Merrill 6406.
Endemic.

LOPHOCOLEA Dum.

1, L. hasskarliana Gott.
In the mossy forest, O. M. Z. 16884a.
Java.
CHANDONANTHUS Mitt.

1, C. fragillimus Steph.

In the mossy forest or summit grass lands, OC. M. Z. 16389.
2. C. hirtellus Mitt.

In the mossy forest, Merrill 6401a.

Tropical Africa and Asia through Malaya and Polynesia,

SCHISMA Nees.
1. S. sikkimense Steph.
In the mossy forest, Merrill 6408, 6415.
2. S. wichurae Steph.
In the mossy forest, C. M. Z. 16429.

LEPICOLEA Dum.

l. L. scolopendra (Hook.) Dum.
In the mossy forest, Merrill 6409.

* Identifications. by Herr F. Stephani, Leipzig, Germany.

THE FLORA OF MOUNT PULOG. 311

MASTIGOPHORA Nees.
1. M. diclados Endl.
In the mossy forest, abundant, OC. M. Z. 16386.
Tropical Africa and Asia through Malaya to Samoa.

SCHISTOCHILA Dum.

1. S. sumatrana Steph.

In the mossy forest, O. M. Z. 16387, 18384.
Sumatra.

2. S. sp. nov, fide Stephani.

In the mossy forest, Merrill 6413.

PLEUROZIA Dum.

1. P. gigantea (Web.) Lindb. ;
In the mossy forest, C. M. Z. 16388, 16390. j
Tropical Africa, Ceylon, and Malaya.

FRULLANIA Raddi.

1. F. bilobulata Steph.

In the mossy forest, Merrill 6416.

2. F. cordistipula Nees.

In the mossy forest, Merrill 6407.
Java, Sumatra, Halmaheira, and Tahiti. |
3. F. explicata Mont. ;
In the mossy forest, Merrill 6405. |
4. F. ornithocephala Nees.

In the mossy forest, Merrill 6412, 6420, 6641.

Burma, Java, and Amboina.

5. F. pacifica Tayl.

In the mossy forest, C. M. Z. 16430 pp.

6. F. philippinensis Steph.

Mixed with the preceding.

Endemic.

7. F. sp. nov. fide Stephani.

In the mossy forest and on dwarfed bamboo (Arundinaria), Merrill 6414, 6418.

ee Ls ee

BRACHIOLEJEUNEA Spruce.

1. B. repleta Tayl.
Mossy forest above an altitude of 2,250 m, Merrill 6410

MUSCI.'

SPHAGNACE.
SPHAGNUM (Dill.) Ehrh. .

1. S. junghuhnianum Doz. & Molk.
In the mossy forest, altitude about 2,700 m, C. WV. Z. 16421.
Higher mountains of Luzon; Sikkim end Khasia to Java, Batjan, and Celebes.

7 Compiled from Brotherus’ “Contributions to the Bryological Flora of the
Philippines, III,” supra, 137-162.

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312 MERRILL AND MERRITT.

DICRANACE.
CERATODON Brid. :

1. C. stenocarpus Byrol. eur.
In the mossy forest above an altitude of 2,500 m, 0. M. Z. 16408, 16422.
In the Philippines known only from the Benguet-Lepanto region; Tropics of the

world.

BRAUNFELSIA Par.

1, B. luzonensis Broth.
In the mossy forest, altitude about 2,600 m, O. M. Z. 16399.
Higher mountains of the Benguet-Lepanto region, Abra, and Zambales; endemic.

CAMPYLOPUS Brid.

Be C. densinervis Broth.
On earth in ravines, altitude 1,940 to 2,660 m, OC. M. Z. 16407, 16423.
Known only from Mount Pulog.

PILOPOGON Brid.

1. P. subexasperatus (C. Miill.) Broth.
Open grass lands of the summit, altitude about 2,800 m, OC. M. Z. 16428.
Higher mountains of the Philippines; endemic.

FISSIDENTACEZ.

FISSIDENS Hedw.
1. F. pulogensis Broth.
On trees, mossy forest, 0. M. Z, 16396.
Known only from Mount Pulog.

ORTHOTRICHACEZE.
MACROMITRIUM Brid.

1. M. reinwardtii Schwaegr.

In the mossy forest, O. M. Z. 16431, Merrill 6398, 6400.

Higher mountains of the Philippines; Java and Borneo to Tasmania and Tahiti.
2. M. sulcatum (Hook. & Grev.) Brid.

Habitat not given, probably in the mossy forest, CO. M. Z. 16424.

Higher mountains of the Philippines; India, Ceylon, Malacca, and Borneo.

3. M. goniostomum Broth. i

In the mossy forest above an altitude of 2,200 m, Merrill 6401.

Otherwise known only from Pauai across the Agno River from Mount Pulog.

SCHLOTHEIMIA Brid.

1. S. wallisii C. Miill.
In the mossy forest above an altitude of 2,500 m, C. M. Z. 16397, 16414, 16415,

McGregor 8907.

Higher mountains of Luzon; endemic.

ee eee ee

THE FLORA OF MOUNT PULOG. . 313

FUNARIACE.
FUNARIA Schreb.

1. F. calvescens Schwaegr.

Habitat not given, probably in the pine region, McGregor 8911.

Widely distributed in the Philippines; temperate and tropical regions of the
world.

BRYACEZ,
BRACHYMENIUM Schwaegr.

1. B. nepalense Hook.
Habitat not given, C. M. Z. 16432.
Mountains of Luzon; India to Sumatra, Java, and Borneo.

ANOMOBRYUM Schimp.

1. A. uncinifolium Broth.
In the pine region, altitude about 1,900 m, Come 2, 16517.
Known only from Mount Pulog.

BRYUM Dill.

1. B. ramosum (Hook.) Mitt.
Habitat not given, CO. M. Z. 16398.
Mountains of India, Ceylon, Java, and Formosa.

MNIACE,
MNIUM (Dill.) Linn.

1. M. rostratum Schrad.
In the mossy forest, altitude about 2,660 m, C. M. Z. 16402.
Temperate and tropical regions of the World.

RHIZOGONIACE.
HYMENODON Hook. f. & Wils.

a4
,

1. H. sericeus (D. & M.) C. Mill.
In the mossy forest, C. M. Z. 16404.
Java, Borneo.

BARTRAMIACE.

LEIOMELA (Mitt.) Broth.

1. L. javanica (Ren. & Card.) Broth.
In the mossy forest above an altitude of 2,250 m, McGregor 8909. |
Java. ‘2
BREUTELIA Schimp.
1. B. merrillii Broth.
. ; In the pine region, C. M. Z. 16406.
Known only from the Benguet-Lepanto region.

aise dt eel SE ES EAA ee PRE

MERRILL AND MERRITT.

POLYTRICHACES.
POGONATUM Palis.

1. P. microstomum R. Br.

In the pine region, altitude about 1,900 m, C. M. Z. 16411, MeGregor 8908.

In the Philippines known only from the Benguet-Lepanto region; Himalayan
region to Ceylon and Yunnan.

2. P. spurio-cirratum Broth.

In the mossy forest, C. M. Z. 16393, 16412, Merrill 6396.

Known only from the mountains of Luzon.

CRYPHAEACEZ®.
PILOTRICHOPSIS Besch.

1. P. dentata (Mitt.) Besch.
In the mossy forest, McGregor 8906.
Japan and Formosa.

NECKERACE.

TRACHYLOMA Brid.
l. T. tahitense Besch.
In the mossy forest, C. M. Z. 16427.
Ceylon, Java, and Tahiti.

ENDOTRICHELLA C. Miill.

1. E. elegans (D. & M.) C. Miill.
In the mossy forest, McGregor 8905.
Mountains of the Philippines; Burma to Java, Sumatra, and Celebes.

METEORIUM D. & M.

1. M. miquelianum (C. Miill.) Fleisch.

In the mossy forest, McGregor 8910.

Ceylon through Malaya to New Guinea; also in Japan.
2. M. helminthocladum (C. Miill.) Fleisch. ;
In the mossy forest, Merrill 6397.

China, Japan, and Formosa.

FLORIBUNDARIA C. Miill.

l. F. floribunda (D. & M.) Fleisch.
In the mossy forest, 0. M. Z. 16419.
Tropical Asia to New Guinea and Polynesia.

CHRYSOCLADIUM Fleisch.

3 1. ¢. rufifolioides Broth.
= In the mossy forest, McGregor 8914.
ae Known only from Mount Pulog. —

CALYPTOTHECIUM Mitt. :

1. C. macgregorii Broth.
In the mossy forest, McGregor 8913.
Known only from Mount Pulog.

THE FLORA OF MOUNT PULOG. 315

ENTODONTACE#.
CLASTOBRYUM D. & M.

1, C. robustum Broth.
In the mossy forest, McGregor 8912.
Known only from Mount Pulog.

FABRONIACE:.
MERRILLIOBRYUM Broth.

1. M. philippinense Broth.
In the mossy forest, C. M. Z. 16432 pp.
Known only from the Benguet-Lepanto region.

HOOKERIACEE.

DALTONIA Hook. & Tay].

1. D. revoluta Broth.
In the mossy forest, C. M. Z. 16405.
Known only from Mount Pulog.

LESKEACEZ.
THUIDIUM Bryol. eur.

1. T. casuarinum (C. Miill.) Jaeg.
In the mossy forest, altitude about 2,600 m, C. MW. Z. 16403.
Mountains of Luzon; endemic.

HYPNACEA.
LE PTOHYMENIUM Schwaegr.

1. L. tenue (Hook.) Schwaegr.

In the upper pine region, or lower parts of the mossy forest, C. M. Z. 16425,
16426.

Himalayan region, the Khasia Mountains, and Burma.

PLAGIOTHECIUM Bryol. eur.

1. P. neckeroideum Bryol. eur.
In the mossy forest, altitude about 2,600 m, OC. M. Z. 16382. .
Switzerland, Austria, Himalayan region, and Japan.

PTERIDOPHYTA:
HYMENOPHYLLACEZ..

TRICHOMANES Linn.
1. T. sp.
In the mossy forest, altitude about 2,600 m, C. M. Z. 16318. “New, at least
to the Philippines” Copeland.

* Identifications by Dr. E. B. Copeland, College of Agriculture, Los Bafios,
Province of Laguna, Luzon.
96832——4

ee

316 MERRILL AND MERRITT.

HYMENOPHYLLUM Sm.

1. H. australe Willd. Sp. Pl. 5 (1810) 527.

In the mossy forest, altitude about 2,600 m, C. M. Z. 16317, Copeland.

Widely distributed on the mountains of the Philippines; India through Malaya
to Australia, and Polynesia.

2. H. discosum Christ in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 6 (1898) 140.

Widely distributed in the mossy forest above an altitude of 2,500 m, Merrill
6386, 6874, Copeland.

Known only from the mountains of the Philippines.

3. H. paniculiflorum Pres] Hymen. (1843) 32, 55.

In the mossy forest, altitude about 2,500 m, Merrill 6373, C. M. Z. 16316,
Copeland.

Widely distributed in the Philippines; Malaya.

CYATHEACEZ.
BALANTIUM Kaulf.

1. B. copelandi Christ ex Copel. in Philip. Journ. Sei. 3 (1908) Bot. 301.
On steep pine slopes, altitude about 1,600 m, C. M. Z, 16260.
Mountains of Luzon and Negros; endemic.

CYATHEA Sm.

1. C. contaminans (Wall.) Copel. in Philip. Journ. Sei. 4 (1909) Bot. 60.

In the mossy forest and upper pine region, C, M. Z, 16320, 18136.

Widely distributed at medium and higher altitudes in the Philippines; India
to Malaya. ’

2. C. fuliginosa (Christ) Copel. 1. ¢. 43.
In the mossy forest above an altitude of 2,300 m, OC. M. Z. 18041, Merrill 6385.
Known only from similar habitats in the Benguet-Lepanto region.

°
POLY PODIACE,
DIACALPE BI.

1. D. aspidioides Bl. Enum. Pl. Jav. (1828) 241.
In the upper pine region and in the mossy forest, Verrill 6384, McGregor 8898.
Higher mountains of northern and central Luzon; India to Malaya.

PERANEMA Don.

1. P. luzonica Copel. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 4 (1909) Bot. 111.

In the upper parts of the mossy forest and on outcroppings of ledges in the
summit grass lands, OC. M. Z. 16280, Merrill 6367, Copeland 2307.

Known only from Mount Pulog, the only other known species of the genus,
P. cyatheoides Don, confined to India and western China.

DRYOPTERIS Adans.

1. D. beddomei (Baker) O. Ktze. Rev. Gen. Pl. 2 (1891) 812; Christ in
Philip. Journ. Sci. 2 (1907) Bot. 208. '

Abundant in the upper pine region ascending to an altitude of about 2,000 m,
O. M. Z. 16249.

Known in the Philippines only from the Benguet-Lepanto region; India to
southern China and Malaya.

THE FLORA OF MOUNT PULOG. ro Ws

2. D. brunnea (Wall.) C. Chr. Ind. Fil. (1905) 255; Christ 1. ec. 214.

In the mossy forest and also in ravines in the summit grass lands, ascending
to an altitude of 2,700 m, OC. M. Z. 16279, identification after Christ.

Known in the Philippines only from the Benguet-Lepanto region; India to
China, Japan, and Malaya. ;

3. D. cucullata (Bl.) Christ in Philip. Journ. Sci. 2 (1907) Bot. 194.

Habitat and altitude not given, probably in the lower pine region, C. M. Z.
16244.

Widely distributed in the Philippines at low and medium altitudes; Malaya to
the Seychelles.

4. D. filix mas (L.) Schott var. parallelogramma (Kuntze) Christ in Philip.
Journ. Sci. 2 (1907) Bot. 212.

In the mossy forest ascending to at least 2,500 m, C. M. Z. 16247, Copeland.

Known in the Philippines only from high altitudes in the Benguet-Lepanto
region; widely distributed in tropical and temperate regions.

5. D. gracilescens (Bl.) O. Ktze. Rev. Gen. Pl. 2 (1891) 812.

In the mossy forest, altitude about 2,500 m, C. M. Z. 16248.

In the Philippines known only from Benguet; Japan to China, northern India,
and Java,

6. D. heleopteroides Christ in Philip. Journ. Sci. 2 (1907) Bot. 212.

On rocks in stream depressions, altitude about 1,500 m, C. WM. Z. 16250.

Known only from Benguet Province, Luzon,

7. D. hirtipes (Bl.) O. Ktze. Rev. Gen. Pl. 2 (1891) 813.

In the mossy forest, altitude about 2,500 m, C. M. Z. 16278.

Known in the Philippines only from the Benguet-Lepanto region; northern
India to China, Malaya, and Polynesia.

8. D. luerssenii (Harr.) C. Chr. Ind. Fil. (1905) 276.

Habitat and altitude not given, probably stream depressions in the pine region,
O. M. Z. 16252, and a more dwarfed form, altitude about 1,500 m, C. VM. Z. 16251,
which is probably referable here,

Widely distributed in the Philippines; endemic.

9. D. setigera (Bl.) O. Ktze. Rev. Gen. Pl. 2 (1891) 813; Christ in Philip.
Journ. Sei. 2 (1907) Bot. 215.

In the pine region, altitude about 1,500 m, C. M. Z. 16309, 16253, representing
two forms that future study may determine to be specifically distinct.

Widely distributed in the Philippines at low and medium altitudes; India to
Japan, south through Malaya to Australia and Polynesia.

In addition to the above nine species of this genus, four additional ones, at
present unidentified, are represented by the following specimens: OC. M. Z. 16245,
16246, both from an altitude of about 1,800 m, Copeland s. n., from the mossy
forest at an altitude of about 2,750 m, probably representing an undescribed
form, and C. M. Z. 16277 from the mossy forest, a form of the D. dissecta group.

POLYSTICHUM Roth.

1. P. aculeatum (L.) Schott Gen, Fil. (1834) ¢. 9.

In the mossy forest, altitude above 2,400 m, C. M. 7%. 16254, Merrill 6372, 8813.

Widely distributed on the higher mountains of the Philippines; temperate and
tropical regions of the world. The forms here enumerated apparently represent
two undescribed varieties.

2. P. amabile (Bl.) J. Sm. Ferns Brit. & For. (1866) 152.

In the mossy forest, altitude about 2,400 m, C. M. Z, 16256.

Widely distributed on the higher mountains of the Philippines; India to
China, and Malaya.

1... ~

*
pk Rs Josie a
en ee, *?

Oe eT Te ge Cg ewe fe RS nv — SS eee Se. Pee ee

318 MERRILL AND MERRITT.

3. P. auriculatum (L.) Presl Tent. (1836) 83.

In the mossy forest and on outcroppings of ledges in the summit grass lands,
C. M. Z. 16257, Merrill 6366, Copeland 2306.

Known in the Philippines only from the Benguet-Lepanto region; India to
Formosa.

A fourth species is possibly represented by C. M. Z. 16255 from the mossy
forest, altitude about 2,500 m.

-NEPHROLEPIS Schott.

1. N. cordifolia (L.) Presl Tent. (1836) 79.

In ravines, upper pine region, ascending to an altitude of about 2,000 m,
C. M. Z. 16265.

Widely distributed in the Philippines at medium and higher altitudes; tropical
Asia and Japan to New Zealand.

HUMATA Cav.

l. H. sp. (=Oopeland 1868 from Mount Data, Luzon).
Epiphytic in the mossy forest, altitude about 2,500 m, 0. M. Z. 16263.
Probably an undescribed form.

PROSAPTIA Presl.

1. P. linearis Copel. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 4 (1909) Bot, 115.

In the mossy forest above an altitude of 2,300 m, 0. M. Z. 16303, Merrill
6877, Copeland.

Known only from Mount Pulog.

DAVALLIA Sm,

1. D. denticulata (Burm.) Mett.; Kuhn Fil. Deck. (1867) 27.

On boulders and cliffs in stream depressions, pine region, altitude about 1,500
m, Merrill 6359.

Widely distributed in the Philippines at low and medium re ae tropical
Asia and Africa to Malaya, Australia, and Polynesia.

MICROLEPIA Presl.

1. M. strigosa (Thunb.) Presl Epim. (1851) 935.

In the mossy forest, altitude about 2,300 m, C. M. Z. 16262.

Widely distributed in the Philippines at medium and higher altitudes; tropical
Asia to Japan, and Polynesia.

ODONTOSORIA Fée.

1. O. chinensis (L.) J. Sm. Bot. Voy. Herald (1857) 430.

On steep slopes in the pine region, altitude below 1,700 m, 0. M. Z. 16259.

Widely distributed in the Philippines at medium altitudes; tropical Asia to
Madagascar, Japan, Malaya, and Polynesia,

DENNSTAEDTIA Bernh.

]1. D. scabra (Wall.) Moore Ind. (1861) 307.
In the mossy forest above an altitude of 2,300 m, C. M. Z. 16261, Merrill 6375.
Higher mountains of the Philippines; India to China,

THE FLORA OF MOUNT PULOG. 319

LINDSAYA Dry.

1. L. cultrata (Willd.) Sw. Syn. (1806) 119.

On outcroppings of ledges in the summit grass lands, altitude about 2,800 m,
C. M. Z. 16258.’

Widely distributed in the Philippines at medium and higher altitudes; tropical
Asia to Madagascar, Malaya, and Queensland.

ATHYRIUM Roth.

1. A. anisopterum Christ in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 6 (1898) 962.

In the mossy forest, altitude about 2,500 m, C. M, Z. 16275.

In the Philippines known only from the higher mountains of northern and
central Luzon; southern China.

2. A. aristulatum Copel. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 1 (1906) Suppl. 253.

In the mossy forest, ascending to an altitude of about 2,500 m, C. M. Z. 16272,
Merrill 6380, Copeland 2303. A possibly distinct form is represented by C. M. Z.
16273 and Merrill 6381 from the upper limits of the mossy forest.

Known only from the Benguet-Lepanto region.

3. A. drepanopteron (Kze.) A. Br.; Milde Fil. Eur, (1867) 49,

Altitude and habitat not given, C. M. Z. 16271.

Known in the Philippines only from the Benguet-Lepanto region; Japan to
northern India.

4. A. macrocarpum (BI.) Bedd. Ferns 8. Ind. (1863) ¢. 152, 153.

In the mossy forest, altitude about 2,500 m, C. M. Z. 16276.

Mountains of Luzon and Mindoro; Japan to India, and Malaya.

5. A. nigripes Bl. var. mearnsianum Copel. in Philip. Journ. Sci, 3 (1908)
Bot. 291.

In the mossy forest above an altitude of 2,300 m, C. M. Z. 16274, Copeland
2305. a

The variety known only from similar habits in the Benguet-Lepanto region,
the species extending from China to Madagascar.

6. A. platyphyllum Copel. 1. e. 292.

In the mossy forest above an altitude of 2,300 m, Merrill 6363, Copeland 2304.

Known only from similar habitats in the Benguet-Lepanto region.

CURRANIA Copel.

1. C. gracilipes Copel. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 4 (1909) Bot, 112.

In crevices of ‘rock outcroppings in the summit grass lands, altitude about
2,850 m, C. UM. Z. 16302, Copeland.

A monotypic genus known from Mount Pulog, from across the Agno River
near Pauai, and from Mount Tonglon (Santo Tomas) where it has also been dis-
covered by Doctor Copeland.

ASPLENIUM Linn.

1. A. contiguum Kaulf. Enum. (1824) 172?

In the pine region, altitude about 2,000 m, C. M. Z. 16268, McGregor 8874.

This form, which has been identified by various authors as A. contiguum
Kaulf., is widely distributed in the Philippines. It is doubtful if Kaulfuss’
species really extends to the Archipelago; it is otherwise reported from Hawaii.

2. A. elmeri Christ in Philip. Journ. Sci. 2 (1907) Bot. 164.

In the mossy forest ascending to about 2,500 m, O. M. Z. 16269, 16270, Merrill
6378, McGregor 8867. A form, possibly representing a distinct species is repre-
sented by Merrill 6379.

es ae

oe

320 MERRILL AND MERRITT.

3. A. lepturus J. Sm. in Hook. Journ. Bot. 3 (1841) 408.

In the mossy forest above an altitude of 2,300 m, Merrill 6382.

Widely distributed at higher altitudes in the Philippines; endemic.

4. A. loherianum Christ in Bull. Herb, Boiss. 6 (1898) 152.

On rocks in stream depressions, altitude below 1,500 m, C. M. Z. 16450.

Known only from the Benguet-Lepanto region.

5. A. stantoni Copel. in Philip. Journ. Sei. 1 (1906) Suppl. 151.

In the upper pine region, altitude about 2,000 m, and again on outcroppings of
ledges in the summit grass lands, altitude above 2,800 m, C. M. Z, 16267.

Known only from the Benguet-Lepanto region.

6. A. sp.

On wet cliffs, stream depression, altitude about 1,500 m, Merrill 6361.

BLECHNUM Linn.

1. B. fraseri (Cunn.) Luerss. var. philippinense (Christ) Copel. in Philip.
Journ. Sei. 2 (1907) Bot. 130.
In the mossy forest, altitude about 2,700 m, CG. M. Z. 18057.
The species in New Zealand, the variety on the higher mountains of Luzon,
Mindoro, and Negros.
WOODWARDIA Sm.

1. W. radicans (L.) Sm. in Mém. Ac. Turin 5 (1793) 412.

In stream depressions, pine region, altitude about 1,500 m, OC. M. Z. 16266.

In the Philippines known only from the Benguet-Lepanto region and the Ba-
tanes Islands; Mediterranean region to China, Japan, and Java.

CHEILANTHES &w.

1. C. farinosa (Forsk.) Kaulf. Enum. (1824) 212.
On steep slopes in the pine region, altitude about 2,000 m, C. M. Z. 16311.
Abundant and widely distributed in the Benguet-Lepanto region, and also on
Mount Mariveles, Luzon; India to China, Japan, Africa, tropical America, and
the Fiji Islands. ;
HYPOLEPIS Bernh.

1. H. tenuifolia (Forst.) Bernh. in Schrad. Neu Journ. 1? (1806) 34.
In the mossy forest, altitude about 2,400 m, 0. M. Z. 16310.
Not common in the Philippines; India to China, Malaya, Polynesia, and New
Zealand.
PLAGIOGYRIA Mett.

1. P. nana Copel. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 4 (1909) Bot. 114.

At the base of cliffs in the summit grass lands, altitude about 2,850 m, and
also in the upper limits of the mossy forest, C. M. Z. 16306, Merrill 6365, Copeland
2302.

Known only from Mount Pulog.

2. P. pycnophylla (Kze.) Mett. Plagiog. (1858) 8, no. 2.

On ledges in the summit grass lands, altitude about 2,800 m, C. M. Z. 16307.

Higher mountains of central and northern Luzon; India to Java and Borneo,

ADIANTUM Linn.

1. A. edgeworthii Hook. Sp. 2 (1851) 14.

On steep slopes, upper pine region, altitude about 1,900 m, O. M. Z. 163808.
In the Philippines known only from the Benguet-Lepanto region; China and
India.

THE FLORA OF MOUNT PULOG. 321

PTERIS Linn.

1. P. cretica Linn. Mant. (1767) 130.

In the mossy forest, altitude above 2,300 m, C. M. Z. 16300.

Very widely distributed in the Philippines; widely distributed in the tropical
and subtemperate parts of the world.

2. P. quadriaurita Retz. Obs. 6 (1791) 38.

In the pine region, altitude about 1,600 m, C. M. Z. 16304, Merrill 6358, and
in the mossy forest, Merrill 6371, McGregor 8817, two forms being represented,
that from the pine region simply pinnate, that from the mossy forest somewhat

bipinnate.
HISTIOPTERIS J. Sm.

1. H. incisa (Thunb.) J. Sm. Hist. Fil. (1875) 295.

In the mossy forest above an altitude of 2,300 m, C. M. Z. 16312.

Widely distributed in the Philippines at medium and higher altitudes; tropical
and subtropical regions of the world.

PTERIDIUM Gledit.

1. P. aquilinum (Linn.) Kuhn Deck. Reisen 3° (1879) Bot. 11.

Very abundant and widely distributed in the pine region, altitude from 1,400
to 2,000 m, ©. M. Z. 16314, Merrill 6357, McGregor 8818.

Widely distributed in the Philippines, more frequently at medium altitudes,
sometimes at sea level; tropical and temperate regions of the world.

PAESIA St. Hil.

1. P. luzonica Christ in Philip. Journ. Sci. 3 (1908) 275.

In the upper limits of the mossy forest, altitude about 2,700 m, C, M. Z. 16318.

Known only from the higher mountains of northern and central Luzon; allied
to P. rugulosa Kuhn of New Caledonia and Tahiti.

PLEUROGRAMME Presl.

1. P. loheriana Christ in Bull. Herb. Boiss. II 6 (1906) 1006.
In the mossy forest above an altitude of 2,300 m, McGregor 8851,
Widely distributed on the higher mountains of the Philippines; endemic.

HYMENOLEPIS Kaulf.

1. H. platyrhynchos (J. Sm.) Kze. Farnkr. 1 (1842) 101.

Abundant in the mossy forest above an altitude of 2,300 m, C. M. Z. 16290,
Merrill 6387.

Widely distributed on the higher mountains of the Philippines; Celebes, Borneo.

2. H. spicata (L. f.) Presl Epim. (1851) 159.

Very abundant, and with the same habitat and range in the Philippines as the
preceding, C. M. Z. 16291, 16292, Merrill 6355, McGregor 8819, 8845.

Tropical Asia to Madagascar, Malaya, and Polynesia.

POLYPODIUM Linn.

1. P. albidosquamatum Bl. Enum. (1828) 132. § Pleopeltis.

In ravines, pine region, altitude about 2,000 m, C. M. Z. 16286.

Widely distributed in the Philippines at higher altitudes; throughout Malaya.

2. P. argutum Wall. Cat. (1828) no. 308; Hook. Sp. 5 (1863) 32. §
Goniophlebium.

Abundant in the mossy forest above an altitude of 2,300 m, C. M. Z. 16288,
Merrill 6369, Copeland.

ous MERRILL AND MERRITT.

Known in the Philippines only from the Benguet-Lepanto region; Himalayan
region and southern China.

3. P. benguetense Copel. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 1 (1906) Suppl. 256. §
Goniophlebium..

In stream depressions, lower pine region, altitude below 1,500 m, 0. M. Z. 16287.

Known only from the Benguet-Lepanto region.

4. P. caespitosum (BI.) Mett. in Ann. Mus. Ludg.-Bat. 2 (1866) 219.
§ Grammitis.

In the mossy forest, epiphytic, altitude above 2,300 m, C. M. Z. 16299, Merrill
6388, Copeland Pter. Phil, Exsic. 135.

Widely distributed on the higher mountains of the Philippines; Java.

5. P. congenerum (BI.) Pres] Tent. (1836) 180. § Grammitis.

Abundant in the mossy forest above an altitude of 2,300 m, OC. M. Z. 16297,
16298, Merrill 63876, McGregor 8882, Copeland Pter. Phil. Basic. 136.

Widely distributed in the Philippines at higher altitudes; Malaya.

6. P. elmeri Copel. in Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1905) 191. § Selliguea.

On steep dry slopes in the pine region, ascending to an altitude of about 2,000
m, C. MW. Z. 16283, Copeland.

Known only from the Benguet-Lepanto region.

7. P. fasciculatum (BI.) Presl Tent. (1836) 180. § Grammitis.

Widely distributed in the mossy forest above an altitude of 2,300 m, 0. M. Z.
16295, Copeland,

Widely distributed in the Philippines at higher altitudes; Malaya.

8. P. gracillimum Copel. in Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1905) 189. § Bupol-
ypodium,
_ In the mossy forest above an altitude of 2,300 m, McGregor 8869, Copeland.

Widely distributed in the Philippines on the higher mountains; endemic.

9. P. hirtellum Bl. Enum. (1828) 122. § Grammitis,

In the mossy forest, C. M. Z. 16296. '

Widely distributed on the higher mountains of the Philippines; southern China
through Malaya to New Caledonia.

10. P. mollicomum Nees & Bl. in Nova Acta Acad. Nat. Cur. 11 (1823)
121, t. 12, f. 2. § Eupolypodiwm.

In the mossy forest, O..M. Z. 16264.

Widely distributed on the higher mountains of the Philippines; Java, Celebes.

- 11. P. palmatum Bl. Enum. (1828) 131. § Pleopeltis.

Abundant in the mossy forest above an altitude of 2,300 m, 0. M. Z. 16285,
McGregor 8878, Merrill 6362, 6870, Copeland.

At medium and higher altitudes throughout the Philippines; widely distributed
in Malaya.

12. P. subevenosum Bak. Syn. (1867) 320. § Grammitis.

In the mossy forest above an altitude of 2,300 m, C. M. Z. 16294, 16300,
Copeland 2311.

At higher altitudes in the Philippines; Malay Peninsula to Celebes.

13. P. subauriculatum Bl. Enum. (1828) 133. § Goniophlebium.

In stream depressions, pine region, below an altitude of 1,500 m, Copeland.

Widely distributed in the Philippines at low and medium altitudes ; India
through Malaya to Samoa.

14. P. obtusissimum ©. Chr. Ind. Fil. (1905) 549. § Eupolypodium.

In the mossy forest above an altitude of 2,300 m, McGregor 8883, Copeland
2310.

Mountains of the Philippines; endemic.

THE FLORA OF MOUNT PULOG. oe

15. P. subpinnatifidum Bl. Enum. (1828) 129. § Hupolypodium.

In the mossy forest above an altitude of 2,300 m, C. M. Z. 16293, Copeland.

Mountains of the Philippines; Malay Peninsula and Java.

16. P. venulosum Bl. Enum. (1828) 128. § Hupolypodium.

In the mossy forest above an altitude of 2,300 m, O. M. Z. 16301, Merrill 6358.

Widely distributed on the higher mountains of the Philippines; Malaya.

17. P. sp. .

In the mossy forest above an altitude of 2,300 m, Merrill 6383, Copeland Pter.
Phil, Hasic. 130.

Apparently an undescribed species.

LOXOGRAMME Presl.

1. L. parallela Copel. in Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1905) 182.

Abundant in the mossy forest above an altitude of 2,300 m, 0. M. Z, 16289,
Merrill 6368, MeGregor 8881, Copeland.

Known only from the higher mountains of the Benguet-Lepanto region.

CYCLOPHORUS Desv.

1. C. sticticus (Kze.) C. Chr. Ind. Fil. (1905) 201.
On boulders in stream depression, pine region, altitude about 1,500 m, C. M. Z.
16284, Merrill 6360. ;
Known in the Philippines only from the Benguet-Lepanto region; India and
Ceylon to China.
PHOTINOPTERIS J. Sm.

1. P. speciosa Bl.; Presl Epim. (1851) 264.
On steep slopes in the pine region, altitude about 1,500 m, 0. M. Z. 16281.
Found at medium altitudes, Luzon to Mindanao; Malaya.

DRYNARIA J. Sm.

1. D. rigidula (Sw.) Bedd. Ferns Brit. Ind. (1869) t. 314. ;

Abundant on steep dry slopes in the pine region, C. M. Z. 16282, Merrill 6356.

Widely distributed in the Philippines at medium altitudes; tropical Asia to
Polynesia and Australia.

ELAPHOGLOSSUM Schott.

1. E. laurifolium (Thouars) Moore Ind. (1857) XVI.

In the mossy forest above an altitude of 2,300 m, McGregor 8850, Copeland.

In the Philippines known only from the Benguet-Lepanto region; India to the
Mascarene Islands and Malaya.

GLEICHENIACEZ.
GLEICHENIA Sm.

1. G. loheri Christ in Bull. Herb. Boiss. II 6 (1906) 1009.

Upper parts of the mossy forest, especially in thickets along the upper border,
C. M. Z. 16319, Merrill 6364, Copeland 2300.

Known only from the higher mountains of northern and central Luzon.

2. G. sp.

In the mossy forest, altitude about 2,800 m, Copeland.

Probably an undescribed form, allied to G. laevissima Christ.

= ae oe

MERRILL AND MERRITT.

EQUISETACEE.
EQUISETUM Linn.

1. E. ramosissimum Desf, Fl. Atl. 2 (1800) 398.

Stream depressions in lower pine region, C. M. Z. 16321, Merrill 6390.

Widely distributed in the Philippines; cosmopolitan in warm temperate and
tropical regions of the world.

LYCOPODIACEZ.
LYCOPODIUM Linn.

1. L. carinatum Desy. in Lam. Encyel. Suppl. 3: 599.

In the mossy forest above an altitude of 2,300 m, GC. M. Z. 16322, McGregor
8836, Copeland 2301.

Widely distributed on the mountains of the Philippines; India to Formosa,
Malaya, and Polynesia.

2. L. complanatum L. Sp. Pl. ed. 2 (1763) 1567.

In the mossy forest, altitude about 2,700 m, C. M. Z. 16324.

Known in the Philippines only from the Benguet-Lepanto region, the Philippine
material being referable to the var. thuyoides H. B. K.

North temperate zone of both hemispheres, southward through Malaya to New
Guinea.

3. L. volubile Forst. Prodr. (1786) 86.

In the mossy forest above an altitude of 2,300 m, Merrill 6392.

Higher mountains throughout the Philippines; New Zealand, Polynesia, New
Caledonia, northern Australia, and the mountains of the Malay Archipelago and

' Peninsula.

SELAGINELLACEZ.
SELAGINELLA Linn.

Two species of this genus are represented in the collections, the first, Merrill
6389, from boulders in stream depressions, altitude about 1,500 m, and the second
from the mossy forest, above an altitude of 2,300 m, McGregor 8877, Merrill 6591.

GYMNOSPERM&.

TAXACEA.
TAXUS Linn.

1. T. baccata Linn., subsp. wallichiana (Zucc.) Pilg. in Engl. Pflanzenreich
18 (1903) 112. :

In the mossy forest above an altitude of 2,300 m, C. M. Z. 18106.

In the Philippines known only from high altitudes in the Benguet-Lepanto
region, and from Mount Banajao, Luzon; Himalayan region to Burma, Sumatra
(?), and Celebes, the species very widely distributed in the north temperate zone.

PODOCARPUS L’I[lérit.

1. P. imbricatus Bl. var. cumingii (Parl.) Pilg. 1. ¢. 56.

In the mossy forest above an altitude of 2,300 m, OC. M. Z. 18049. Locally
known as igum.

Widely distributed on the higher mountains of the Philippines from northern
Luzon to southern Mindanao, the species in Java, Sumatra, Borneo, Celebes, Burma,
and Hainan.

THE FLORA OF MOUNT PULOG. 325

PINACE.
PINUS L.

1. P. insularis Endl. Syn. Conif. (1847) 157.

Abundant and widely distributed in the Benguet-Lepanto region, and the
most characteristic tree of the entire area; common and forming thin forests on
the steep slopes, altitude 1,200 to 2,200 m on Mount Pulog, 0. M. Z. 18186, 18202,
absent or very rare in the mossy forest but occurring again on the open, grass-
covered summit, altitude about 2,800 m, but here very scattered, C. WM. Z. 18065,
McGregor 8899. It is found also on the mountains of Zambales Province, Luzon.

Endemic, but manifestly closely allied to Pinus khasya Royle, of Khasia,
Chittagong, and Burma.

ANGIOSPERM 2-.

GRAMINEZE.
COIX Linn.

1. C. lacryma-jobi Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 972.

In stream depressions, pine region, altitude about 1,400 m, C. M. Z. 16153.

Widely distributed in the Philippines at low and medium altitudes, especially
in populated districts; warmer parts of the world.

IMPERATA Cyr.

1. Il. cylindrica (L.) Beauv. var. koenigii (Retz.) Benth. ex Pilger in Perk.
Frag. Fl. Philip. (1904) 137.

In the pine region, altitude about 1,400 m, 0. M. Z. 16186, 16205.

Common and widely distributed in the Philippines at low, medium, and
occasional at high altitudes; Tropics of the world (species), the variety in
tropical Africa and Asia to Polynesia.

MISCANTHUS Anders.

1. M. sinensis Anders. Oefv. Vet. Akad. Forhandl. Stockh. (1855) 166.

In the pine region, altitude about 1,200 m, C. I. Z. 16128, a form with a very
lax panicle, and in the open grass lands of the summit above the mossy forest,
C. M. Z. 16152, MeGregor 8838, Merrill 6613, depauperate forms, with short,
dense panicles. Ig., biidu.

Widely distributed at medium and high altitudes in the Philippines, very
abundant in the Benguet-Lepanto region; Japan and China to Tonkin, Borneo
and Celebes.

SACCHARUM Linn.

1. S. spontaneum Linn. Mant. (1771) 183, subsp. indicum Hack. in DC.
Monog. Phan. 6 (1889) 113.

Stream depressions in the lower pine region, O. M. Z. 16190.

Abundant and widely distributed in the Philippines at low and medium alti-
tudes; India to southern China, Malaya, Australia, and Polynesia. . *

POLLINIA Trin.

1. P. quadrinervis Hack. in DC. Monog. Phan. 6 (1889) 158.

Stream depressions and on steep slopes in the pine region, OC. VM. Z. 16183,
16208, Merrill 6519.

Known in the Philippines only from the Benguet-Lepanto region; northern
India to southern China and the Riu Kiu Archipelago.

ee) ee

326 MERRILL AND MERRITT.

ROTTBOELLIA L. f.

1. R. ophiuroides (R. Br.) Benth. Fl. Austral? 7 (1878) 514.

On steep, grass-covered slopes in the pine region, 0. M. Z. 16184, 16213.
Ig., catalon.

Not widely distributed in the Philippines, chiefly known from the Benguet-
Lepanto region; New Guinea and tropical and subtropical Australia.

ANTHRAXON Beauv.

1. A. ciliaris Beauv. Agrost. (1812) 111, ¢. 11, f. 6, subsp. quartinianus
(A. Rich.) Hack. in DC. Monog. Phan. 6 (1889) 365.

Upper pine region, extending to the lower border of the mossy forest, Merrill
6514.

Known in the Philippines only ‘from high altitudes in the Benguet-Lepanto
region; mountains of India.

2. A. microphyllus (Trin.) Hochst. in Flora 39 (1856) 189.

Upper pine region, C. M. Z. 16157

Known in the Philippines only from the Benguet-Lepanto region; mountains
of India to Ceylon and Tonkin.

THEMEDA Forsk.

‘1. T. triandra Forsk. Fl. Aeg.-Arab. (1775) 178.

The most common grass in the entire district, abundant on open slopes in
the pine region, C. M. Z. 18154.

Common and widely distributed in the Philippines, from sea level to medium
and higher altitudes in the open country; widely distributed in the warmer parts
of the Old World.

2. T. gigantea (Cav.) Hack. var. genuina Hack. in DC. Monog. Phan. 6
(1889) 670. .

In stream depressions, pine region, C. M. Z. 16207. Ig., talnag.

Widely distributed in the Philippines at low and medium altitudes ; other
varieties extending from India to China, and Malaya.

APLUDA Linn.

1. A. mutica Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 82.

In the pine region, altitude about 1,500 m, C. M. Z. 16032.

Widely distributed in the Philippines at low and medium altitudes; India to
China, Malaya, Australia, and Polynesia.

ARUNDINELLA Raddi.

1. A. setosa Trin. Diss. 2 (1824) 63.
Widely distributed in the pine region, extending to the lower limits of the
mossy forest, O. M. Z. 16154, 16209, 16212.
At low, medium, and high altitudes in Luzon; India and Ceylon to China and
Formosa.
DIGITARIA Scop.

1. D. longiflora (Gmel.) Pers. Syn. 1 (1805) 85. *

Upper pine region, Merrill 6518.

Widely distributed in the Philippines, from sea level to medium and high
altitudes; India to Japan and Malaya.

THE FLORA OF MOUNT PULOG. 327

2. D. sanguinalis (Linn.) Scop. Fl. Carn. ed. 2, 1 (1772) 52.

In the pine region, altitude about 1,500 m, C. M. Z, 16130.

This is the typical (European) form of the species; exceedingly variable,
and distributed throughout the temperate and tropical regions of the world. ;

ISACHNE R. Br.

1. I. myosotis Nees in Hook. Kew Journ, 2 (1850) 98.

In the upper pine region, Merrill 6538.

Widely distributed in the Philippines at medium altitudes; endemic.

2. 1. beneckei Hack. in Oesterr. Bot. Zeitschr. 51 (1901) 459.

In the mossy forest, C. M. Z. 16181.

Known in the Philippines only from high altitudes in the Benguet-Lepanto
region; Borneo and Java.

Forma depauperata Hack. ex Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 1 (1906) Suppl.
350.

In the upper pine region, Merrill 6504.

3. 1. pangerangensis Z. & M., var. halconensis Hack. in Philip. Journ. Sci.
3 (1908) Bot. 167.

In open grass lands of the summit, C. M/. Z. 16182.

The variety from a similar habitat on Mount Halcon, Mindoro, the species in
Java. .

4, |. pauciflora Hack. in Govt. Lab. Publ. (Philip.) 35 (1905) 80.

In the mossy forest, O. M. Z. 16185.

Known only from the Benguet-Lepanto region.

5. 1. magna (Merr.) Merrill comb. nov.

Isachne beneckei Hack. var. magna Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 1 (1906)
Suppl. 350.

In the mossy forest, Merrill 6569, McGregor 8870.

This form I now consider to be of specific rank; it is represented also by the
following specimens: District of Lepanto, Mount Data, Merrill 4541: Province
of Benguet, Pauai, Bur. Sci. 4248, 44838 Mearns; Baguio to Ambuklao, Merrill
4872. It is characterized by its large size, frequently exceeding 1 m in height,
while its panicle is very diffuse, reaching a length of 30 cm, the lower branches
frequently 20 cm long. Endemic.

PANICUM Linn.

1. P. crus-galli Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 56.

In stream depressions, pine region, OC. M. Z. 16129.

Throughout the Philippines; temperate and tropical regions of the world.

2. P. palmaefolium Koen. in Naturforsch. 23 (1788) 208.

In stream depressions, pine region C. M. Z, 16210.

Throughout the Philippines at low and medium altitudes; India to tropical
Africa, China, Japan, and Malaya.

3. P. villosum Lam. Ill. 1 (1791) 1738.

In the pine region below an altitude of 1,500 m, C. M. Z. 16159.

In the Philippines at medium and high altitudes in northern Luzon, and in
Mindanao; India to southern China and Formosa.

SETARIA Beauv.

1. S. flava (Nees) Kunth Rev. Gram. 1 (1829) 46.

In the pine region, Merrill 6520, C. M. Z. 16156.

Widely distributed in the Philippines at low and medium. altitudes, exceed-
ingly variable; Tropics of both hemispheres.

eee :
Pe ae

Sk Wi ie oti aaah cae Me le eae ie

328 MERRILL AND MERRITT,

MICROLAENA R. Br.

1. M. stipoides (Labill.) R. Br. Prodr. (1810) 210.

In the upper pine region at the lower border of the mossy forest, Merrill 6570.

Known in the Philippines only from high altitudes in the Benguet-Lepanto
region; Australia and New Zealand. The only species of the genus known outside
of Australia and New Zealand.

ANTHOXANTHUM Linn.

1. A. luzoniense Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 1 (1906) Suppl. 178.

In open grass lands of the summit, 0. VM. Z. 16188, Merrill 6614, McGregor
8890. e ;

Known only from high altitudes in the Benguet-Lepanto region.

ARISTIDA Linn.
1, A. cumingiana Trin. & Rupr. in Mém. Acad. St. Pétersb, VI 7 (1849) 141,

In the pine region at an altitude of about 1,500 m, 0. M. Z. 16158. \
At low and medium altitudes in central and northern Luzon, not common;
northern India to China. °

SPOROBOLUS R. Br.

1, S. indicus (Linn.) R. Br. Prodr. (1810) 1810.

Habitat not given, probably in the pine region, C. M. Z. 16206.

Widely distributed in the Philippines at low and medium altitudes; Tropies
of the world. The form enumerated above is apparently the one described by
Robert Brown as S. elongatus.

AGROSTIS Linn.

1. A. elmeri Merr. in Govt. Lab. Publ. (Philip.) 29 (1905) 7.

In open grass lands of the summit, McGregor 8832, Merrill 6492, and in the
mossy forest, Merrill 6483a.

Widely distributed at high altitudes in the Benguet-Lepanto region, but un-
known outside of this area. The species is manifestly allied to Agrostis perennans
(Walt.) Tuckerman, of the eastern United States, Japan, Korea, and central
China. For a full discussion of the latter species and its forms, see Hitehcock
“North American Species of Agrostis” 47-50, pl. 31-33.

ANISELYTRON Merrill gen. nov.

Spiculae parvae, uniflorae, paniculatae, rhachilla supra glumas in-
feriores articulata, sub flore obconica, ultra florem in stipitem producta,
flore hermaphrodito. Glumae 2 inferiores vacuae, valde inaequales, sub
articulatione persistentes; I subobsoleta, hyalina, truncata, vix 0.10 mm
longa; II lanceolata, acuminata, uninervia, quam tertia dimidio brevior ;
III florens, subhyalina, ovata, tenuiter 5-nervia, acuminata, exaristata;
palea subhyalina, glumae III subaequilonga, bicarinata. Stamina 3.
Styli distincti, stigmatibus plumosis. Caryopsis palea involuta, libera.
Gramen perenne, laxe caespitosum, humilum, foliis planis. Panicula
terminalis laxe effusa, ramulis filiformibus. Spiculae parvae, numerosae.

°U. S. Dept. Agriculture, Bureau of Plant Industry, Bull. 68 (1905) 1-68.

THE FLORA OF MOUNT PULOG. 329

Aniselytron agrostoides Merrill sp. nov.

Glabrum, laxe caespitosum, circiter 40 cm altum; foliis planis, linea-
ri-lanceolatis, quam culmus brevioribus; paniculis terminalibus, laxis,
ramulis gracillimis, patulis vel adscendentibus; spiculis viridibus, pedi-
cellatis, circiter 3.5 mm longis; glumis vacuis 2, valde inaequalibus, I
-minuta, subobsoleta, vix 0.10 mm longa, truncata, I] lanceolata, acu-
minata, uninervia, 1.5 ad 2 mm longa, II] ovata, 3.5 mm longa, 5-nervia,
acuminata, leviter carinata.

A laxly tufted, glabrous, perennial grass 40 cm high or less. Culms
slender, unbranched, striate, smooth and shining, slightly geniculate ;
nodes two or three, black. Sheaths about equaling, or somewhat exceed-
ing the internodes; ligule hyaline, ovate, about 3 mm long, acute or
irregularly cleft at the apex; leaf-blades linear-lanceolate, flat, thin,
smooth, 10 to 12 cm long, 3 to 4 mm wide, acuminate. Panicles 9 to 13
cm long, erect or somewhat nodding, the branches few, distant, slender,
obscurely scabrid, the lower ones 4 to 5 cm long, ascending or spreading,
comparatively few-flowered. Spikelets ovate-lanceolate, green, about 3.5
mm long, pedicelled. Empty glumes 2, the first subobsolete, sub-
orbicular, truncate, hyaline, 0.10 mm long or less, the second lanceolate,
acuminate, 1.5 to 2 mm long, 0.5 mm wide, 1-nerved.. Flowering glume
ovate (when spread), 3.5 mm long, 1.5 to 2 mm wide, slightly keeled,
minutely scabrid on the keel, with 5 rather obscure nerves, submem-
branaceous, acuminate. Palea nearly as long as the flowering glume,
similar to it in texture, acuminate, 2-keeled, minutely scabrid on the
keels. Styles 2, plumose. Anthers 3, 1.2 mm long. Caryopsis brown,
loosely enclosed by the palea, about 2 mm long. Callus obconic, with
very few short hairs, the rachilla produced back of the palea into a
straight, glabrous, slender, 0.8 mm long awn.

In the mossy forest, altitude about 2,400 m, not common, Merrill 6483, May,
1909.

This new genus is a member of the Agrostideae, and is undoubtedly most closely
allied to the recently described Aulacolepis Hackel, which genus at present has
two species, A. japonica Hack., of Japan, and A. treutleri Hack., of the Himalayan
region. Suspecting the allinnte of the Philippine plant to the above genus I
sent a specimen to Doctor Hackel for comparison, regarding which he writes as
follows: “The specimen of Aniselytron, which you have sent me, shows in the form
of its spikelets great affinity with Aulacolepis (even in the furrowed palea), but
it can scarcely be placed in that genus on account of the rudimentary first
glume * * * I think it therefore better to consider it as a separate genus.”

In habit Aniselytron is very similar to lax-panicled species of Agrostis, and is
doubtless closely allied to that genus,in spite of its glume characters, unawned
flowering glume, and produced rachilla. The genus is well characterized by its
strongly unequal empty glumes, the first being reduced to a mere rudiment, and
the second one-half as long as the flowering glume.

During the ascent of Mount Pulog this plant was noticed in widely scattered
loose tufts in the mossy forest, and was mistaken for Agrostis elmeri Merr.,

<i ee oe ee

wooed
Pee} te

Ao a7) a2 . .. oe S ais * ve we ee ae a se ee ee

eae ae ee ; oe
Tee oe — ‘ :

ie tf . ’

330 MERRILL AND MERRITT.

which it strongly resembles in habit. The latter species was found in abundance
in the open grass lands above the limits of the mossy forest, and on’ the return
trip, a few specimens of the plant above described were gathered, chiefly on
account of the habitat, it being so entirely different from the usual habitat of
Agrostis elmeri. In making the preliminary identifications of the Mount Pulog
material, this number was referred to Agrostis elmeri, but in working over the
material more carefully the number was found to consist of both the Agrostis,
and the genus above described.

CALAMAGROSTIS Roth.
1. C. filifolia Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sei. 1 (1906) Suppl. 179, 375.

i The most common grass on the open slopes above the mossy forest, C. M. Z.
e 16180, Merrill 6610, 6611, McGregor 8891, also in the upper pine region at the ;
lower limits of the mossy forest, 0. M. Z. s. n. : '
} Known only from the higher mountains of the Benguet-Lepanto region, and

most closely allied to species of South America and New Zealand.
DESCHAMPSIA Beauv.

1..D. flexuosa (Linn.) Trin. in Bull, Acad, Sci. St. Pétersb. 1 (1836) 66.

Aira flecuosa Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 65. :

In open grass lands of the summit, rather common, C, M. Z. 16155, Merrill
6354, McGregor 8904.

A striking addition to the northern element in the Philippine flora, no species
of the genus being previously known from the Archipelago. Deschampsia flexuosa
is widely distributed in northern Asia and Europe, and in North America, from
Greenland south along the mountains to.North Carolina and Tennessee, also in
Japan, and on Mount Morrison, Formosa; it is not reported from the Himalayan

~ region, nor from China, although Deschampsia caespitosa (Linn.) Beauv. is
found in both regions. The identification of the above species has been kindly
verified by Doctor Hackel.

ELEUSINE Gaertn.

1. E. indica (Linn,) Gaertn. Fruct. 1 (1788) 8.

In stream depressions, lower pine region, 0. M. Z. 16211.

Abundant and widely distributed in the Philippines at low and medium alti-
tudes; Tropics of the Old World, now widely distributed in temperate and tropical
regions in America.

ERAGROSTIS Host.

1, E. distans Hack. in Govt. Lab. Publ. (Philip.) 35 (1905) 81.
Steep slopes in the pine region, C. M. Z. 16160.
Known only from medium altitudes in the Benguet-Lepanto region.

MONOSTACHYA Merrill gen. nov.

Spiculae solitariae, rhachilla supra glumas inferiores et inter flores —
articulata, et flore imperfecto terminata, floribus 2 inferioribus her-
maphroditis summo imperfecto. Glumae 2 inferiores vacuae, sub artic-
ulatione persistentes, parum inaequales, acutae, vix carinatae, extima
obscure 5-nervia, secunda trinervia; florentes 4, 2 inferiores ovato-lanceo-
latae, dorso rotundatae, ecarinatae, obscure %—9-nerviae, apice minute
2-dentatae, in mucronem brevem productae, margine tertia inferiore

tal a a ealltg dl ow ee a ir ree 1) ee
ie

THE FLORA OF MOUNT PULOG. 331

ciliatae, caetero glabrae, 2 superiores yacuae; palea gluma brevior, bicar-
inata, bidenticulata. Stamina 3, antheris brevibus. Styli distincti,
stigmatibus plumosis. Caryopsis oblonga, nitida, brunnea, hilo puncti-
forme. Gramina perennia, dense caespitosa, humilia, foliis involuto-
setaceis. Panicula ad spiculam erectam, solitariam reducta.

Monostachya centrolepidoides Merrill sp. nov.

Dense caespitosa, glabra, 6 ad 10 cm alta; foliis involuto-setaceis,
erectis, subrigidis, 2 ad 4 em longis, 0.5 mm diametro; spiculis solitariis,
parvis, lanceolatis, erectis, acuminatis, circiter 6 mm longis, pedunculo
quam folia breviori.

A densely tufted perennial grass 6 to 10 em high, glabrous except the
lower margins of the flowering glumes, the culms fasciculately branched
from the lower portions, the internodes very short. Sheaths rather loose,
thin, exceeding the internodes; ligule a ring of weak, 1 mm long hairs;
leaf-blades involute-setaceous, somewhat rigid, 2 to 4 em long, 0.5 mm
in diameter. Panicle reduced to a single erect spikelet, the peduncle
erect, rigid, minutely scabrid, exserted 1 to 2 em beyond the upper sheath ;
sometimes one or two 0.8 to 1 mm long pedicels of aborted spikelets are
to be found near the apex of the culm below the solitary terminal spikelet.
Spikelet green or straw-colored, lanceolate or narrowly lanceolate, acum-
inate, about 6 mm long, 1 to 1.3 mm in diameter; empty glumes 2, the
first oblong-ovate, 3 mm long, 2 mm wide, acute, not keeled, glabrous,
subhyaline, obscurely 5-nerved, the nerves somewhat convergent, not
strictly parallel, the second similar to the first but 3.5 mm long and
3-nerved ; flowering glumes 4, of which the lower two contain perfect
flowers, the upper two being smaller and containing only a palea, the
first flowering glume ovate-lanceolate, not keeled, 3.5 to 4 mm long, about
1.3 mm wide, obscurely 7- to 9-nerved, acuminate, the apex minutely
2-toothed, and with a straight, 1 mm long, scabrid, terminal mucro, the
margins in the lower third somewhat ciliate-pilose with 0.5 to 0.8 mm
long hairs. Palea linear-lanceolate, hyaline, 3 mm long, 0.8 mm wide,
minutely 2-toothed, 2-keeled, the keels slightly scabrid. The second
flowering glume and its palea similar to the first and like it containing
a perfect flower. Third flowering glume similar to the first and second
but smaller, about 2 mm long, containing a palea but no flower. Fourth
flowering glume terminating the rachilla, very small, 1 to 1.5 mm long,
flowerless, but containing a small palea. Callus to each flowering glume
minutely ciliate. Joints of the rachilla glabrous, 0.8 to 1 mm long,
articulated below each flowering glume. Caryopsis free from the palea,
narrowly oblong, brown, shining, 1.5 mm long, 0.5 mm in diameter, the

hilum punctiform.

Mount Pulog, Province of Benguet, Luzon, For. Bur. 16088 Curran, Merritt &

.Zschokke, January 5, 1909, growing in trails and open spots in the grass lands of

the summit, altitude about 2,800 m.
96832——_5

. sere ".

Pe ee ee ee ee ee ee ag 7 . en en, ee ax hayes TOA Sy a PR ae gree Ty oe
con i i ill a Fale ‘ aN - ae
r 1 te ; M ¢ ip:

Bae MERRILL AND MERRITT.

This proposed genus is readily recognizable by its solitary, erect spikelet, a
character most unusual §n Gramineae. It was originally placed by me near the
genus /’estuca, differing in a number of characters. Specimens were sent to Dr.
E. Hackel, and he has favored me with the following opinion regarding the genus:

“The floral structure of your Monostachya is near Festuca and Bromus, but is
not identical with that of either genus. It comes still nearer to Schizachne, a
genus recently described by me from the Island of Sachalin,” but differs from that
genus in its flowering-glumes being only slightly notched and not 2-cleft at the
apex, and in the short mucro emerging from between the teeth, not an arista
emerging beneath the apical notch as in Schizachne. The habits of the two are
quite different.”

Doctor Hackel further calls attention to the fact that beneath the terminal
spikelet on at least some of the culms are to be found one or two pedicels, 1 mm
long or less, of abortive spikelets, from which he infers that the specimens do not
show the normal state of the plant, but that it will really be found to have a
few-flowered raceme when better developed plants are found, and that in this case
the generic name I have selected will not be appropriate. The material I have
had for examination has shown all stages of development of the spikelets from
the flowers to mature seeds, and no culms were found with more than one spikelet
developed. I have no doubt but that the form has been derived from some closely
allied genus that normally, at least, has racemose, or compound panicles, but
that the present plant is worthy of description as it stands.

ee ee Se, Oe Se Se Ee ee ee

In habit it closely approximates that of Centrolepis philippinensis Merr., from
whence its specific name.

BRACHYPODIUM Beauv.

1. B. sylvaticum Beauy. subsp. luzoniense Hack. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 1
(1906) Suppl. 269, 387.

In the mossy forest, C. M. Z. 16187.

Known only from high altitudes in the Benguet-Lepanto region (subsp. luzo-
niense), the species widely distributed in Europe, northern Asia, the mountains
of India, China, and Japan.

ee ge ee ee EK ae OEE ee a Te ey) ht hon Re Rae ee eh ee eee
= 5 ~ r f

ARUNDINARIA Michx.

1. A. niitakayamensis Hayata in Bot. Mag. Tokyo 21 (1907) 49, Journ. Coll.
Sei. Tokyo 25” (1908) 240; Gamble supra 267. \
k Forming dense thickets between the upper border of the mossy forest and the
| upper grass lands, here 1.5 to 2.5 m high, and scattered in the lower parts of the
open grass lands, here much dwarfed, and frequently only a few centimeters high,
C. M. Z. 16189, Merrill 6489 (both sterile), MeGregor 8893 (in flower).

This species has previously been collected on Mount Ugo, and at Pauai, Ben-
guet, and on Mount Halcon, Mindoro, but Mr. McGregor was the first to collect
it in flower, thus making its accurate identification possible. The identifica-
tion has been made by Mr. J. 8. Gamble, to whom specimens were sent, and to
whom Doctor Hayata kindly sent fragments of the type for comparison. Otherwise
known only from Mount Morrison, Formosa.

ola ae
a

Fedde Repert. 7 (1909) 322.

= SS ee eee et eee oe x a BS

ee

THE FLORA OF MOUNT PULOG. 333

CYPERACHA.
CYPERUS Linn.

1. C. distans Linn. f. Suppl. (1774) 103.
In the pine region, altitude about 1,400 m, C. M. Z. 16162.
Throughout the Philippines at low and medium altitudes; Tropics of the world.

MARISCUS Gaertn.

1. M. cyperinus (Retz.) Vahl Enum, 2 (1804) 377.
In the pine region, ascending to an altitude of 2,000 m, OC. M. Z. 16133, Merrill
6525.
Widely distributed in the Philippines: India to Japan, Malaya, and Polynesia.
KYLLINGA Rottb.

1. K. intermedia R. Br. Prodr. (1810) 219.
Upper pine region, ascending to the lower limits of the mossy forest, C. M. Z.
— 16142, Merrill 6539.
Widely distributed in the Benguet-Lepanto region; Formosa, Australia, and
the Fiji Islands.
SCIRPUS Linn.

Scirpus pulogensis Merrill sp. nov.

Species 8. pauciflorae Lightf. valde aftinis, differt culmis subrigidis,
usque ad 60 em longis, dense caespitosis, spiculis lanceolatis, 8 ad 10 mm
longis, setis perichaetii glabris.

A perennial, densely caespitose plant, the culms terete, slender, rigid
or subrigid, reaching a height of 60 cm, glabrous, leafless, the basal
portions supplied with few, short, striate sheaths, tipped with linear,
rigid, 2 to 8 mm long laminae, the sheaths of the innovations rather lax.
Bract subtending the spikelet ovate to ovate-oblong, 4 mm long or less,
prominently acuminate, the acumen often 1.5 mm long. Spikelets lanceo-
late, brown or pale-brown, 8 to 10 mm long, 2 mm wide, the first two
glumes empty, ovate, about 3 mm long, 2 mm wide, 1-nerved, brown, acute
or slightly acuminate, the 7 or 8 succeeding glumes bearing perfect
flowers, 4 mm long, lanceolate, acuminate or merely acute, the margins
in the upper parts sometimes obscurely lacerate. Achene oblong, brown,
shining, smooth, 2 mm long, 1.6 mm in diameter, trigonous, apex slightly
acuminate, base acute; style 3.5 mm long, continuous with the ovary ;
anthers 2 to 2.5 mm long, hypogynous bristles 4 or 6, white, slender,
quite glabrous, equaling or slightly exceeding the achene.

In wet depressions of the summit grass lands, altitude about 2,700 m, Merrill
6550 (type), 6616, C. M. Z. 16134.

This species is manifestly very closely allied to Scirpus pauciflorus Lightt.,
which is widely distributed in Europe, northern Asia south to the western Hima-
layan region, and in North America, but appears to be distinguishable by the
characters mentioned in the diagnosis.

~~ ere?

eS ee ee ee ee ee ee ee Soe) eee og eee re

— 2-22.” Se ae ee ee oe ee

334 ) MERRILL AND MERRITT.

BULBOSTYLIS Kunth.

1. B. capillaris (L.) Kunth Enum, 2 (1837) 212.

Widely distributed in the pine region; ascending to an altitude of 2,200 m,
C. M. Z. 16143, Merrill 6527.

The Philippine form is referable to the var. trifida Clarke, which is widely
distributed in the Tropics of the East; the species throughout the Tropics.

SCHOENUS Linn.

1. S. apogon R. & S. Syst. 2 (1817) 77.

In the summit grass lands, altitude about 2,700 m, Merrill 6508.

Known in the Philippines only from northern Luzon; Japan and the Riu Kiu
Islands, northeastern Borneo, Australia, and New Zealand.

2. S. axillaris (R. Br.) Poir. in Lam. Encyel. Suppl. 2 (1811) 251.

Altitude and habitat not given, probably in the summit grass lands, C. M. Z.
16141.

Not previously reported from the Philippines; widely distributed in Australia
and New Zealand.

An interesting addition to our knowledge of the Australian element in the
Philippine flora. The specimens agree with the descriptions, and with Australian
material in our herbarium, so identified.

GAHNIA Forst.

1. G. javanica Moritzi Verz. Zoll. Pfl. (1845-6) 98.

Summit grass lands, and along the upper border of the mossy forest, O. M. Z.
16163, Merrill 6596. :

Widely distributed in the Philippines on the higher mountains; southern
China, the Malay Peninsula and Archipelago to New Guinea and the Fiji Islands.

UNCINIA Pers.”

1. U. rupestris Raoul var. capillacea Kiikenth. in Engl. Pflanzenreich, 38
(1909) 64.

In the mossy forest, altitude about 2,700 m, O. M. Z. 16140.

A most interesting addition to the list of Philippine genera, Uncinia consisting
of twenty-three species, of which about one-half are found in South America, one
extending to Mexico, the remainder mostly in New Zealand, a few in Australia
and Tasmania, and one, U. riparia R. Br., extending northward to New Guinea.
The present species is the first one of the genus to be found north of the equator
in the Eastern Hemisphere. The species in New Zealand and Tasmania, the
variety previously known only from New Zealand.

CAREX Linn.

1. C. baccans Nees in Wight Contrib. (1834) 122; Kiikenth. in Engl. Pfian-
zenreich 38 (1909) 206.

Abundant in the mossy forest, above an altitude of 2,300 m, C. M. Z. 16139,
McGregor 8889, Merrill 6548.

Known in the Philippines only from high altitudes in the Benguet-Lepanto
region; mountains of India and Ceylon to southern China, Sumatra, and Java.

“For identifications of the following species of Uncinia and Carex I am in-
debted to Rev. G. Kiikenthal, of Coburg, Germany.

. an =
v

det ee ee

Fs

THE FLORA OF MOUNT PULOG. 335

2. C. breviculmis R. Br., subsp. royleana Nees, var. kingiana (Lév. & Van.)
Kiikenth. 1. ¢. 470.

In the summit grass lands, McGregor 8853, Merrill 6609.

Not previously reported from the Philippines, the variety in Japan and For-
mosa, the subspecies India to Japan and Formosa, the species in Australia and
New Zealand.

3. C. brunnea Thunb. Fl. Jap. (1784) 38.

Common in the mossy forest above an altitude of 2,300 m, McGregor 8866,
Merrill 6505.

Widely distributed on the higher mountains of the Philippines; mountains of
India and Ceylon to the Mascarene Islands, China, Japan, Formosa, southward
through Malaya to Australia, and New Caledonia.

4. C. filicina Nees in Wight Contrib. (1834) 123; Kiikenth. 1. ¢. 274.

Abundant in the summit grass lands, and also in the mossy forest, Merrill
6499, 6507, 6615, McGregor 8827, C. M. Z. 16135, 16136, 16137, 16138.

Widely distributed on the higher mountains of the Philippines; mountains
of India and Ceylon to China, Java, and Sumatra.

5. C. graeffeana Boeckl. in Flora 58 (1875) 22; Kiikenth. 1. c. 403.

In the mossy forest, altitude about 2,400 m, 0. M. Z. 16132.

Widely distributed on the higher mountains of the Philippines; Fiji.

6. C. loheri C. B. Clarke in Journ. Linn. Soe. Bot. 37 (1904) 14; Kiikenth.
l. c. 487.

In the mossy forest above an altitude of 2,300 m, Merrill 6506, 6605, 6607.

Known only from similar habitats in the Benguet-Lepanto region; endemic.

7. C. rafflesiana Boott var. scaberrima (Boeck.) Kiikenth. 1. c. 283.

In the mossy forest above an altitude of 2,300 m, C. M. Z. 16161.

Widely distributed on the higher mountains of the Philippines; the variety
in Sumatra, Java, Celebes, and Ternate, the species extending to tropical Australia.

8. C. rara Boott subsp. capillacea Boott Illustr. 1 (1858) 44, ¢. 110; Kiikenth.
1. c. 102. ; ;

Common in the summit grass lands, Merrill 6612.

Known in the Philippines only from high altitudes in the Benguet-Lepanto
region; Himalayan region to eastern Asia, and Japan; also in New South Wales.

9. C. tristachya Thunb. var. pocilliformis (Boott) Kiikenth. 1. c. 473.

In the summit grass lands, Merrill 6606, McGregor 8856.

Not previously reported from the Philippines; the variety in Japan and For-
,!mosa, the species also in southern and central China.

ARACEZ&.
RHAPHIDOPHORA Hassk.

1. R. merrillii Engl. Bot. Jahrb. 37 (1905) 115.
Stream depressions below 1,100 m, C. M. Z. 16059.
Low and medium altitudes, Luzon to Mindanao; endemic.

SCHISMATOGLOTTIS Zoll. & Mor.

') 1. S. rupestris Zoll. & Mor.; Engl. in DC. Monog. Phan. 2 (1879) 351.
Stream depressions below 1,100 m, C. M. Z. 16057.
Low and medium altitudes, Luzon to Mindanao; Java.

336 MERRILL AND MERRITT.

ARISAEMA Mart. ;

1. A. polyphyllum (Blanco) Merr. in Govt. Lab. Publ. (Philip.) 27 (1905) 90.

A, cumingii Schott Syn. (1856) 28.

Characteristic of the mossy forest, terrestrial and epiphytic, above 2,200 m,
C. M. Z. 16352, Merrill 6474, 6473, 6617, the last three numbers representing
specimens with respectively small, medium, and large-sized leaves.

Luzon to Mindanao, on the higher mountains, exceedingly variable; endemic.

Var. angustifolium var. nov. F

A typo differt foliolis multo angustioribus, lineari-lanceolatis, 5 ad
13 em longis, 5 ad 10 mm latis.

Pine region below 2,000 m, Merrill 6472. Represented also by the following
specimens: Province of Benguet, Pauai, Bur. Sci. 8364, 8466 pp. McGregor ; Twin
Peaks, Elmer 6330 : District of Bontoe, Mount Polis, For. Bur. 18387 Alvarez:
Province of, Zambales, Botolan, Maule s. n.

This proposed variety at first sight is very distinct from the typical form of
the species, especially in its vegetative characters. There is, however, some indi-
cation of intergrades between the species and the variety, and I have been unable
to detect any constant floral characters between the two forms. The variety
angustifolium appears to be confined to the grassy open slopes of the pine region,
but the typical form is sometimes found in the same habitat, although usually
confined to the mossy forest.

ERIOCAULACEA:.
ERIOCAULON Linn.

E. depauperatum Merrill sp. nov.

Planta depauperata, dense caespitosa, aquatica, 2.5 ad 3 cm alta;
foliis linearibus, 1 mm latis; pedunculis paucis, solitariis, vix exsertis ;
capitulis paucifloris; sepalis utriusque floris 2, petalis florum femineorum
subobsoletis. ,

A small densely caespitose plant 2.5 to 5 em high, glabrous throughout,
entirely submerged. Leaves crowded, linear, flaccid, 1.5 to 4 cm long,
composed of four or five distinct rows of quadrangular or oblong cells,
base somewhat dilated, the lower part of the lamina 1 mm wide, gradually,
narrowed upward to the long-acuminate apex. Peduncles few, solitary,
1.5 cm long or less, not exserted, the heads subglobose, small, about 2
mm in diameter, each bearing from 4 to 6 pistillate flowers and 3 or 4
staminate ones, the, bracts thin, oblong-obovate or oblong-ovate, about
as long as the head. Staminate flowers: Sepals 2, oblong-ovate, about
1mm long. Petals 3, very minute, glabrous, reduced to small, obscure,
bodies less than 0.5 mm in length. Stamens 6; anthers dark-purple or
black, nearly 0.2 mm long. Pistillate flowers: Sepals 2, orbicular-ovate,
about 1.8 mm long and wide. Petals 3, oblong-lanceolate, 1.5 to 1.8 mm
long, about 0.5 mm wide, pellucid, the cell structure distinct, the apex
_ acute and with usually a small, black, apical dot, the base acuminate-
stipitate, the stipe slender, often 0.5 mm in length. Ovary brown, 3-

a

THE FLORA OF MOUNT PULOG. 337

celled, about 1 mm long; style 3 mm long, the arms 3, less than 0.4 mm
in length.

Submerged in seepage pools of shallow water, about 40 cm in depth, in the
open grass lands of the summit, altitude about 2,800 m, Merrill 6590; also in
shallow water of the small pond on the summit of Mount Data, altitude about
2,250 m, Merrill 4520, November, 1905. A specimen collected by Loher, also on
Mount Data (1586 in Herb. Kew.) is probably the same. ;

A species apparently as closely allied to E. minutwm Hook. f. of British India
as to any other described species, but quite distinct from that so far as can be
determined from the description.

JUNCACEAH.
LUZULA DC.

1. L. effusa Buchenau Krit. Verz. Junc. (1880) 53, 88, Engl. Pflanzenreich 25
(1906) 61. )

In the upper mossy forest and about ledges in lower border of the summit
grass lands, altitude about 2,750 m, Merrill 6490.

Eastern Himalayan region and Szechuen, China.

Not previously reported from the Philippines, and a very interesting discovery,
augmenting our knowledge of the Himalayan element in the Philippine flora.

The only species of the genus previously reported from the Archipelago is
L. campestris (L.) DC. recorded by F.-Villar, Nov. App. (1882) 273. This
record was almost certainly based on erroneously identified material, as F.-Villar
mentions the plant he observed as having heads 2.4 to 4 cm in diameter. It is
interesting to note here, however, that Luzula campestris (L.) DC., has recently
been discovered in Luzon, Province of Benguet, Pauai, Bur. Sci. 8426 McGregor,
June, 1909, growing in pine forests, altitude about 2,000 m. The specimen seems
to be most closely allied to the var. capitata Miq., of Japan.

LILIACEZ.
DIANELLA Lam.

1. D. ensifolia (L.) Red. Lil. (1802) ¢. 1.

Common in the mossy forest, and along_its lower borders, Merrill 6585, Me-
Gregor 8873, C. M. Z. 16199, 18073.

Widely distributed at higher altitudes in the Philippines; India to China and.
Formosa through Malaya to Australia and the Mascarene Islands.

2. D. caerulea Sims Bot. Mag. t. 505.

Stream depressions in the pine region, altitude about 1,500 m, C. M. Z. 16194,
Merrill 6512bis.

Widely distributed on the higher mountains of the Philippines; New Guinea
and Australia. ay We i

LILIUM Linn,

‘
1. L. philippinense Baker in Gard. Chron, (1873) 1141.
In the pine region, open slopes, and in stream depressions, ascending to 2,000 m,
C. M. Z. 18115, Merrill 6513. Locally known as suyasoy.
In the Philippines confined to the Benguet-Lepanto region; also found -in
Formosa.

PE nse ere ee 14 Ts ee Re are ee
+ J ? ; ¥ "

338 MERRILL AND MERRITT.

DISPORUM Salisb.

l. Disporum luzoniense Merrill sp. nov.

D. pullum Merr. in Philip. Journ, Sci. 1 (1906) Suppl. 182, non Salisb.

Caulis glaber, usque ad 40 cm altus, strictus; foliis oblongo-ellipticis
vel oblongo-ovatis, membranaceis, acuminatis, petiolatis, nervis usque ad
9, transversalibus vix distinctis; floribus axillaribus, solitariis, cernuis,
albis, intus purpureo-maculatis, perianthii segmentis circiter 1.5 cm
longis, basi saccatis; staminibus quam perianthium multo brevioribus.

Rootstock stout, 5 to 8 mm in diameter. Stems solitary, erect, un-
branched, stout, glabrous. Leaves 4 to 8 on the upper half of the stem,
oblong-elliptic to oblong-ovate, membranaceous, 8 to 11 em long, 3 to
4.5 cm wide, base rounded or acute, apex prominently acuminate, acumen
blunt; primary nerves 5 to 9, distinct, the secondary ones also often

3 somewhat prominent, the transverse veinlets obscure; petioles 3 to 12
ce mm long. Flowers axillary, solitary, nodding, the peduncles 1.5 to 2
em long. Perianth 1.5 cm long, campanulate, white, marked with dull-
P purple within, the segments 3 mm wide, 3-nerved, saccate at the base.

Anthers 1.5 mm long. Ovary ovoid. Fruit dark-blue or black when
mature, globose, fleshy, about 1 cm in diameter ; seeds obovoid, 4 mm long.

This species, previously confused with Disporum pullum Salisb., is represented
by the following specimens, all from northern Luzon: District of Lepanto, Mount
Data, Bur. Sci. 5942 Ramos, Merrill 4857: Province of Benguet, Mount Pulog,
For. Bur. 16193 Curran, Merritt, & Zschokke; Pauai, Merrill 6619 (type), For.
Bur. 14442 Darling, Bur. Sei. 8483 McGregor, Bur. Sci. 4816 Mearns.

It is confined to the region of the mossy forest, above an altitude of 2,000 m,
and at Pauai it flowers in May and June. It is allied to Disporum pullum
Salisb., and apparently also to D. uniflorum Baker, but is distinct from both.
It is well characterized by its unbranched stems, solitary, axillary, nodding
flowers which are white, marked with dull-purple inside, and its stamens much
shorter than the perianth.

ee eI eee Smee ae

OPHIOPOGON Ker.

1, O. japonicus (L.) Ker in Bot. Mag. t. 1063.

In the mossy forest, C. M. Z. 16191, MeGregor 8816, Merrill 6485.

On the higher mountains in Luzon, widely distributed at higher altitudes in
the Benguet-Lepanto region; Japan to China, and Formosa,

ALETRIS L.

1. A. spicata (Thunb.) Franch. in Journ. de Bot. 10 (1896) 199.

Upper pine region, altitude about 2,000 m, and in the open grass lands above
the mossy forest, altitude about 2,800 m, C. M. Z. 16192.

Known in the Philippines only from higher altitudes in the Benguet-Lepanto
region; Japan to central and southern China, and ‘formosa,

THE FLORA OF MOUNT PULOG. 339

SMILAX L.

1. S. china Linn. Sp, Pl. (1753) 1029.

Common in the mossy forest, variable, OC. M. Z. 16131, 16198, Merrill 6494,
6552.

Common at higher altitudes in the Benguet-Lepanto region, and also on
Mount Halcon, Mindoro; Japan to southern China and Formosa.

2. Smilax pygmaea Merrill sp. nov. § Nemewia.

Suffrutex erectus, strictus, inermis, 20 ad 40 m altus, ecirrhiferus ; foliis
alternis, oblongo-ovatis, 3—5-nerviis, petiolo inflato; umbellis axillaribus,
solitariis, paucifloris ; floribus circiter 3 mm longis.

Erect, unbranched, glabrous, woody or suffrutescent, from a thickened
root, the stems terete, unarmed, yellowish or olivaceous. Leaves alternate,
oblong-ovate, firmly chartaceous or subcoriaceous, 1.5 to 3 cm long, 7
to 15 mm wide, dull or slightly shining, beneath subglaucous or pale,
often somewhat reflexed, base rounded or subcordate, apex acute or
sharply apiculate-acuminate; nerves 3 or 5, distinct, reticulations prom-
inent; petioles 7 to 10 mm long, apparently jointed with the lamina,
and persistent on the stem after the fall of the leaf-blade, deeply chan-
neled and inflated in the lower two-thirds, half clasping the stems.
Umbels in the upper axils, solitary, 4- to 6-flowered, the peduncles curved,
slender, 1 to 1.5 em long; pedicels 5 to 7 mm long. Pistillate flowers
3 mm long, the sepals 3, elliptic-oblong, 3 mm long, erect; petals 3,
similar to the sepals; rudimentary stamens 2 or 3, 2 mm long. Ovary
elliptic, glabrous, 3-celled, each cell with two ovules; styles stout, nearly

1mm long. Fruit globose (immature) about 5 mm in diameter, with a

single seed.

In the open grass lands of the summit above 2,700 m altitude, Merrill 6598,
May 1909, with flowers and immature fruits, McGregor 8902, July, 1909, with
immature fruits. ;

A species apparently most closely allied to Smilax biflora Miq. of Japan,
but quite different from that species. Well characterized by its erect, strict habit,
small size, absence of spines and tendrils, and other characters.

DIOSCOREACEZ.
DIOSCOREA Linn.

1. D. luzonensis Schauer in Nov. Act. Acad. Nat. Cur. 19 (1843) Suppl.
1:444,

In stream depressions, lower pine region, Merrill 6512.

Rather widely distributed in Luzon; endemic.

|

SE ee ee ee

MERRILL AND MERRITT.

CANNACEZE.
CANNA Linn.

1. C. indica Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 1.

In cultivated lands, pine region, altitude about 1,500 m, C. M. Z. 16351.

Widely distributed in the Philippines at low and medium altitudes, especially
about towns, and in waste places; Tropics of the world.

ORCHIDACEAs.”
MICROTIS R. Br.

1, M. unifolia (Forst.) Reichb. f. Beitr. Syst. Pl. (1871) 62.

In the open pine region, altitude 1,800 to 2,000 m, OC. MW. Z. 16344.

In the Philippines known only from the Benguet-Lepanto region; Japan,
Formosa, southern China, Java, New Caledonia, Australia, and New Zealand.

COELOGYNE Lindl.

1. C. integerrima Ames in Philip. Journ. Sci. 4 (1909) Bot. 665.

In the mossy forest, Merrill 6350 (type), altitude about 2,200 m; doubtless
also represented by McGregor 8822, the specimen in fruit.

Known only from Mount Pulog. _

DENDROCHILUM Bl.

1. D. anfractoides Ames Orchidaceae 3 (1908) 13, pl. 28.

In the mossy forest, altitude not given, McGregor 8834.

Known only from high altitudes in Benguet Province.

2. D. arachnitis Reichb. f. in Gard. Chron. N. 8S. 17 (1882) 256.

In the mossy forest above an altitude of 2,200 m, Merrill 6481.

Higher mountains of the Philippines from northern Luzon to southern Min-
danao; endemic.

3. D. cinnabarinum Pfitzer in Engl. Pflanzenreich 32 (1907) 104.

In the mossy forest above an altitude of 2,200 m, Merrill 6475, McGregor 8844,
O. M. Z, 16348.

Higher mountains of northern Luzon; endemic.

4. D. loheri Ames Orchidaceae 3 (1908) 12, pl. 27, I.

In the mossy forest above an altitude of 2,200 m, Merrill 6476.

Higher mountains of northern Luzon; endemic.

Mr. Ames notes on the sheet that the specimen is not typical, the flower-shoots
being considerably shorter than the leaves.

5. D. pulogense Ames in Philip. Journ. Sci. 4 (1909) Bot. 594.

In the mossy forest above an altitude of 2,200 m, 0. M. Z. 16342, 16347, Merrill
6478, Copeland s. n,

Known only from Mount Pulog.

6. D. tenuifolium (Ames) Pfitz. in Engl. Pflanzenreich 32 (1907) 114.

In the mossy forest above an altitude of 2,200 m, McGregor 8811.

Known only from the higher mountains of the Benguet-Lepanto region.

7. D. uncatum Reichb. f. in Bonplandia 3 (1855) 222.

In the mossy forest above an altitude of 2,200 m, Merrill 6477.

Mountains of northern and central Luzon; endemic.

“ Identifications by Mr. Oakes Ames, North Easton, Massachusetts, U. S. A.

4

THE FLORA OF MOUNT PULOG. 541

8. D. venustulum (Ames) Pfitz. in Engl. Pflanzenreich 32 (1907) 116.
In the mossy forest above an altitude of 2,200 m, Merrill 6635.

Known only from the higher mountains of the Benguet-Lepanto region.
9. D. sp.

In the mossy forest, McGregor 8849; an undescribed form, ‘fide Ames.

x

CESTICHIS Pfitz.

1. C. sp. aff. C. benguetensis Ames Orchidaceae 1 (1905) 9, t. 3.

In the mossy forest, altitude about 2,200 m, C. M. Z. 16350, the specimens
without flowers.

The species is known only from the higher mountains of Benguet.

OBERONIA Lindl.

l. O. cylindrica Lindl. Bot. Reg. (1840) Mise. 20.

In the mossy forest above an altitude of 2,200 m, Copeland s. n., MeGregor 8328,
Merrill 6480, 6573.

Widely distributed in the Benguet-Lepanto region at higher altitudes; endemic.

EULOPHIA R. Br.

.

1. E. squalida Lindl. Bot. Reg. (1841) Mise. 77.
On talus slopes in the lower pine region, altitude about 1,200 m, Merrill 6501.
Known in the Philippines from Luzon and Palawan; Malaya.

DENDROBIUM §8w.

1. D. heterocarpum Wall. ex Lindl. Orch. Pl. (1830) 78.
On boulders in the pine forest-below an altitude of 1,300 m, C. M. Z, 16845.
India, Ceylon, Burma, and Java.

ERIA Lindl.

1. E. ornata (Bl.) Lindl. Orch. Pl. (1830) 66.

On boulders in stream depressions, lower pine region, Merrill 6482.

Rather widely distributed in northern and central Luzon; Sumatra, Java,
Borneo, and ? Siam.

2. E. philippinensis Ames Orchidaceae 1 (1905) 94.

Abundant in the mossy forest above an altitude of 2,200 m, C. M. Z. 16346,
16349, Merrill 6351, 6479.

Mountains of central and northern Luzon; endemic.

3. E. ventricosa Leavitt in Philip. Journ. Sci. 4 (1909) Bot. 211, 284,
fig. 16.

In the mossy forest, aititude about 2,700 m, Copeland s. n.

Mountains of Luzon and Mindoro; endemic.

in SACCOLABIUM Bl.

1, S. compressum Lindl. Bot. Reg. (1840) Mise. 9.
In the pine region, altitude about 1,300 m, C. M. Z, 16343.
Of wide distribution in the Philippines; endemic.

ee ee

ae se) eee es . ™ , OST See et eee ee
2

342 MERRILL AND MERRITT.
PIPERACEZ.
PIPER L.
].. P. sp.
In the mossy forest, altitude about 2,250 m, C. M. Z, 16240.
2. P. ap.

In stream depressions, altitude about 1,500 m, Merrill 6530.
PEPEROMIA Ruiz & Pav.

1. P. reflexa A. Dietr. Sp. Pl. 1 (1831) 180.

On boulders in stream depressions, altitude about 1,200 m, 0. M. Z. 16239,
McGregor 8894.

Mountains of India, China, and Malaya, also in Africa, Australia, and America.

CHLORANTHACE.
CHLORANTHUS Linn.

1. C. brachystachys Bl. Fl. Jav. Chloranth. (1828) 13, pl. 2.

In the mossy forest above 2,000 m, 0. M. Z. 16095, McGregor 8871.

Throughout the Philippines at medium and higher altitudes; India to southern
China and Malaya.

FAGACEZ.
Qu ERCUS Linn.

1. Q. luzoniensis Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 3 (1908) Bot. 323.

In the mossy forest at an altitude of about 2,500 m, C. M. Z. 16062, 18063,
18070, 18079, and possibly also OC. M. Z. 18087, the latter having much larger
fruits, but otherwise very similar to the type of the species.

Known only from similar habitats in the Benguet-Lepanto region and from
the mountains of Zambales.

.2. Q. woodii Hance in Journ. Bot. 12 (1874) 240; Merr. 1. c. 326.

In the lower parts of the mossy forest, altitude about 2,200 m, (0. M. Z. 18152.

Known only from the mountains of Benguet. |

3. Q. sp.

In the mossy forest, altitude about 2,500 m, OC. M. Z. 18061. The specimen
is sterile and is very similar to Q. luzoniensis, but the leaves are entirely glabrous,

.

MORACEZE.
FICUS Linn.

1, F. hauili Blanco Fl. Filip. (1837) 684.

In stream depressions in the pine region, below an altitude of 1,300 m, C. M. Z.
18217.

Widely distributed in the Philippines at low and medium altitudes; endemic.

2. F. cumingii Miq. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. 7 (1848) 235.

On slopes in the pine region, altitude below 1,400 m, OC. M. Z. 18192.

Widely distributed in the Philippines at low and medium altitudes; endemic.

3. F. fastigiata Elm. Leafl. Philip. Bot. 1 (1906) 44.

Lower parts of the mossy forest, 0. M. Z. 18140.

oe. Ac Sr

\

THE FLORA OF MOUNT PULOG. 343

Higher altitudes on the mountains of the Philippines; endemic. It seems
probable that this species, as well, perhaps, as F. guyeri E]m., will have to be
combined with F. validicaudata Merr.

4. F. nota (Blanco) Merr. in Govt. Lab. Publ. (Philip.) 17 (1904) 10.

In stream depressions in the pine region below an altitude of 1,500 m, C. M. Z.
18218, 18183.

Very common and widely distributed in the Philippines at low and medium
altitudes; endemic.

5. F. pseudopalma Blanco Fl. Filip. (1837) 680.

In pine forests below an altitude of 1,500 m, C. M. Z, 18184; locally known
as cadiabung.

Widely distributed in the Philippines at low and medium altitudes; endemic.

6. Ficus curranii Merrill sp. nov. § Sycidiwm.

Arbor parva, 4 ad 6 m alta, ramulis plus minus furfuraceo-lepidotis,
novellis ferrugineo-hirsutis; foliis oblongo-ellipticis, chartaceis vel
subcoriaceis, acuminatis, basi acutis, nervis utringue 7 ad 9, subtus pro-
minentibus; receptaculis axillaribus, solitariis, ellipsoideis vel elliptico-
obovoideis, circiter 1.5 em longis, pedunculo usque ad 2 cm longo, apice
3-bracteolato.

A small tree 4 to 6 m high, the branches terete, reddish-brown,
glabrous, the younger ones somewhat striate when dry, and furfuraceous-
lepidote, the growing parts ferruginous-hirsute, sometimes rather densely
so. Leaves alternate, oblong-elliptic, chartaceous or subcoriaceous, 7 to
10 cm long, 2 to 4 em wide, glabrous, smooth, somewhat shining when
dry, on the lower surface paler and minutely obscurely puncticulate,
the apex shortly acuminate, the base acute; nerves 7 to 9 on each side of
the midrib, prominent beneath, spreading, curved upward and anas-
tomosing, the reticulations rather lax, distinct, the ultimate ones fine;
petioles 5 to 10 mm long, furfuraceous or slightly hirsute; stipules
deciduous, acuminate, brown, glabrous, 1.5 cm long. Receptacles soli-
tary, axillary, peduncled, elliptic or elliptie-obovoid, about 1.5 cm long,
1 cm in diameter, wrinkled when dry, glabrous, the peduncle 1 to 2
em long, ultimately glabrous, with three small, ovate, 1 mm long bracts
at the apex. Only fertile female flowers observed, numerous, sessile or
shortly pedicelled, the perianth apparently wanting; style lateral, about
1 mm long.

The type of this species, from which the above description was taken, is For.
Bur. 5007 Curran, from Mount Tonglon, Province of Benguet, Luzon, altitude
about 2,200 m; it is apparently also represented by For. Bur. 10821 Curran, and
by For. Bur. 18132 Curran, Zschokke, & Merritt, the latter from the mossy forests
of Mount Pulog, and with very immature fruits. The species apparently belongs
in the section Sycidium, although the discovery of male flowers may modify this
disposition of it; apparently as closely allied to Ficus lucbanensis Elm., as to

any other species, but distinguished by its smaller leaves, and quite differently
shaped, longer-peduncled fruits.

MT oe bt a | i Res oo ty di Te oe oo we Ma — —
344 : MERRILL AND MERRITT.
URTICACEZA.
; URTICA Linn.

1. U. bullata BI. Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. 2 (1856) 145.

In ravines, upper pine region, altitude about 1,900 m, C. M. Z. 16049.
Java.

‘ PILEA Lindl.

1, P. melastomoides Wedd. in Ann. Sci. Nat. IV 1 (1854) 186 ?

In ravines in the upper pine region, altitude about 1,800 m, O. M. Z. 16045.

This form is known in the Philippines only from the Benguet-Lepanto region;
India and Malaya.

2. Ps Bp.

In ravines in the upper pine region, OC. M. Z. 16052.

An apparently undescribed form, known only from the Benguet-Lepanto region.

3. .P. sp. °

In the mossy forest and on rock outcroppings in the summit grass lands,
C. M. Z. 16042, 16046, Merrill 6510.

ELATOSTEMA Forst.

There are two species of this oe represented in the collections from Mount
Pulog, C. M. Z. 16047, and C. M. Z. 16050, Merrill 6568; the latter is apparently
confined to Benguet Province, the oes more widely distributed in Luzon. Both
species are apparently undescribed.

. POUZOLZIA Gaudich.

Aes! Bp.

In the upper pine region, altitude about 1,900 m, C. M. Z. 18117, Merrill 6561.
An apparently undescribed form, known only from ‘the Benguet-Lepanto region.

GONOSTEGIA Turez.

1. G. hirta (Blume) Miq. Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. 4 (1869) 303.
In the upper pine region, extending into open places in the mossy forest,
OC. M. Z. 16044, Merrill 6516, McGregor 8826.
In the Philippines known from the Benguet: -Lepanto region, and from Minda-
nao; India to Malaya.
PIPTURUS Wedd.

1. P. asper Wedd. Ann. Sci. Nat. IV. 1 (1854) 197.

Widely distributed in ravines in the pine region, ascending to an altitude of
about 1,900 m, 0. M. Z. 18119, 18210.

Widely distributed in the Philippines at low and medium altitudes; Borneo.

CHAMABAINIA Wight.

1. C. cuspidata Wight Ic. 6 (1853) 11, pl. 1981.

In the summit grass lands, altitude about 2,700 m, C. M. Z. 16043.

Otherwise known in the Philippines only from Mount Data; northern India
to Ceylon and southwestern China.

DEBREGEASIA Gaudich.

1. D. longifolia (Burm.) Wedd. in DC. Prodr. 16% (1869) 235.™

In the mossy forest above an altitude of 2,200 m, 0. M. Z. 18104, 18147.

Known in the Philippines only from the Benguet-Lepanto region; India and
Java.

ee OR Oe

THE FLORA OF MOUNT PULOG. : 345,

LECANTHUS Wedd.

1. L. peduncularis (Wall.) Wedd. in DC. Prodr. 167 (1869) 164.

In the mossy forest, C. M. Z. 16048.

In the Philippines known only from the Benguet-Lepanto region; Northern
India, Yunnan, and Szechuen.

LORANTHACEZ.

; LORANTHUS L.

1. L. pentapetalus Roxb. Fl. Ind. 1 (1820) 190.

Stream depression in the lower pine region, altitude about 1,200 m, C. M. Z.
16231.

Widely distributed in the Philippines; India to southern China and Malaya.

2. L. benguetensis Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 4 (1908) Bot. 134,

Parasitic on Pinus insularis Endl., altitude about 1,200 m, 0. M. Z. 16064.

Known only from Benguet Province, Luzon.

3. L. copelandii Merr. in Philip, Journ. Sci. 1 (1906) Suppl. 185, 4 (1909)
Bot. 140.

Stream depressions below an altitude of 1,500 m, C. M. Z. 16232, 18176.

Known only from Benguet Province, Luzon.

4. L. halconensis Merr. 1. ce. 2:271; 4: 148.

Habitat not given, O. M. Z. 16230.

Otherwise known only from Mount Haleon, Mindoro.

5. L. curranii Merr. |. ¢c. 4:144.

In the mossy forest, C. M. Z. 18143. i

Known otherwise only from Mount Tonglon, Benguet Province, Luzon.

6. L. congestiflorus Merr. l. ¢. 4:147.

Very abundant in the mossy forest, extending to its upper limits, 0. M. Z.
18045, 18084, Merrill 6597, McGregor 8833, 8888.

Widely distributed on the higher mountains of the Philippines; endemic.

CLEISTOLORANTHUS Merr.

1. C. verticillatus Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 4 (1909) Bot. 150.
In the mossy forest, altitude about 2,500 m, OC. M. Z. 16229.
A monotypic, endemic genus, known only from Mount Pulog.

GINALLOA Korth.

1. G. cumingiana (Presl) F.-Vill. var. angustifolia Merr. in Philip. Journ.
Sci. 4 (1909) Bot. 153.
Stream depressions in the pine region, altitude below 1,500 m, OC. M. Z. 16242.
An endemic species; the variety known otherwise only from Mount Canlaon,
Negros.
BALANOPHORACEE.

BALANOPHORA Forst.

1. B. micrantha Warb. in Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1905) 169.

In ravines, mossy forest at 2,600 m altitude, 0. M. Z. 16451.

I have not seen the type of Warburg’s species, which was collected in the
mountains of Luzon by Loher. The specimen cited above, although imperfect,
agrees closely with the description; it forms rather dense hemispherical masses
nearly 15 em in diameter. Endemic.

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346 MERRILL AND MERRITT.

POLYGONACEZ.
POLYGONUM Linn.

1. P. chinense Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 363.

In stream depressions, on open pine-covered slopes, and in the mossy forest,
altitude 1,500 to 2,400 m, C. M. Z, 16053 (infested with Ustilago treubii Solms),
16054, 16056, McGregor 8840.

Widely distributed in the Philippines at medium and higher altitudes; India
to China, Japan, and Malaya.

2. P. posumbu Ham. in Don Prodr. (1825) 71.

In the upper pine region, Merrill 6575

Known in the Philippines only from the Benguet-Lepanto region; India to
China, Japan, and Java.

3. P. punctatum Ham. 1. ec. 72.

On steep, grass-covered slopes in the upper pine region, 2,000 m altitude
C. M. Z. 16055.

Known in the Philippines only from the Benguet-Lepanto region; mountains
of India, Ceylon, China, Japan, and Java.

CHENOPODIACEZ.
CHENOPODIUM Linn.

1. C. ambrosioides Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 219.

Slopes in the pine region, altitude 1,600 m, C. M. Z. 16037.

Widely distributed in the Philippines at low and medium altitudes, probably
introduced; tropical and temperate regions of the world.

AMARANTHACEE.
AMARANTHUS Linn.

1. A. spinosus Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 991.

Altitude not stated, 0. M. Z. 16237.

Widely distributed in the Philippines, especially abanant 4 in gravelly stream
beds during the dry season; Tropics of the world.

CARYOPHYLLACEZ.
ARENARIA Linn.

1. A. serpyllifolia Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 423.

Upper pine slopes, a weed in sweet-potato patches, O. M. Z. 16077.

Temperate and subtemperate regions of the world; known in the Philippines
only from high altitudes in the Benguet-Lepanto region.

DRYMARIA Willd.

1. D. cordata Willd. ex Roem. & Schult. Syst. 5 (1819) 406.
Weed in sweet-potato patches, altitude 1,300 m, OC. M. Z. 16061.
Widely distributed in the Philippines at low and medium altitudes, probably

introduced from tropical America; now distributed throughout the Tropics of the —

world.

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THE FLORA OF MOUNT PULOG. . ane

POLYCARPAEA Lam.

1. P. corymbosa (Linn.) Lam, Ill. 2 (1797) 129.
Open slopes, pine region, altitude 1,500 m, C. M. Z. 16058.
Widely distributed in the Philippines at low and medium altitudes; Tropics
of the world.
SAGINA Linn.

1. S. procumbens Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 128.

On rock outcroppings in open grass lands at the summit, altitude about 2,850 m,
CO. M. Z. 16060.

Known in the Philippines only from the Benguet-Lepanto region; widely
distributed in the north temperate zone.

RANUNCULACEA.
CLEMATIS Linn.

1. Clematis macgregorii Merrill sp. nov. § Flammula.

Scandens, inflorescentiis exceptis glabra, dioica vel polygamo-dioica ;
foliis trifoliolatis, foliolis ovatis, membranaceis vel chartaceis, basi 5- vel
7-nerviis, cordatis, apice breviter obtuse acuminatis, integris vel supra
pauce denticulatis; floribus tetrameris, paniculatis, sepalis extus ferru-
gineo-pubescentibus, antheris apice longe aristatis.

A scandent woody vine, glabrous except the inflorescence, dioecious or
polygamo-dioecious. Stems at least 5 mm in diameter, terete, covered
with very large lenticels, the branchlets slender, striate, grayish- or reddish-
brown. Leaves 3-foliolate, or the upper ones sometimes simple, their
petioles 2.5 to 7 cm long, the petiolules 1.5 to 3 em long, the leaflets ovate,
membranaceous or chartaceous, 4 to 6 em long, 2 to 3 em wide, somewhat
shining when dry, the base broad, cordate, the apex shortly and obtusely
acuminate, or sometimes obtuse or even rounded, the margins entire or
sometimes with few, small, scattered teeth, especially in the upper part;
nerves 5 or 7 from the base, rather distinct, anastomosing, the reticulations
distinct, lax ; stipules about 4 mm long, often 1 cm wide, truncate, clasping
the stem; tendrils infra-axillary, at least 6 em long, branched. Inflor-

~ escence axillary, and terminating the short lateral branches, paniculate,

more or less ferruginous-pubescent, the pedicels 1-flowered. Staminate
flowers 4-merous, the sepals oblong-lanceolate, obtuse or acute, densely
ferruginous-pubescent with short hairs on the outside, 10 mm long, 2.5
to 3 mm wide, rather finely 5- or 6-nerved. Petals none. Stamens many,
4 to 9 mm long, the connective slender, much produced above the anther,
on the longer stamens often 3 mm in length, the anthers 1 to 1.5 mm
long; filaments glabrous. Pistillate flowers larger than the staminate
ones, the sepals similar but up to 18 mm long, 3 to 3.5 mm wide. Petals
none. Staminodes slender, linear, about 8, up to 14 mm long, less than
1 mm wide, some of them frequently antheriferous. Styles covered with
long white hairs. Mature achenes unknown.
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348 MERRILL AND MERRITT.

At the base of the mossy forest, altitude about 2,100 m, Bur. Sei.'9929 Me-
Gregor, July 4, 1909, staminate flowers (type) ; also two’ specimens from Pauai,
across the Agno River from Mount Pulog, in similar habitats, Bur. Sei. 8372
McGregor, June, 1909, staminate flowers, and Bur, Sci. 4347 Mearns, July, 1907,
pistillate flowers.

Manifestly allied to Clematis aristata R. Br. of eastern Australia and eastern
Malaya, but apparently sufficiently distinct from any of the hitherto described
forms of that species.

2. C. leschenaultiana DC. Syst. 1 (1818) 151.

In the upper pine region, altitude about 2,000 m, U. WM. Z. 16105.

Known in the Philippines only from the Benguet-Lepanto region, and from
Mount Apo, Mindanao; Malay Archipelago. :

ANEMONE Linn.

1. A. vitifolia Ham. ex DC. Syst. 1 (1818) 210.
In thickets and open places near the lower border of the mossy forest, altitude

about 2,200 m, 0. M. Z. 18125, McGregor 8879, Merrill 6544.

Widely distributed at higher altitudes in the Benguet-Lepanto region, but
otherwise unknown in the Philippines; Himalayan region to southern China, and
Formosa.

Locally known as cabcabo and Merritt notes that the indumentum of the
achenes is used by the Igorots as tinder.

RANUNCULUS Linn.

1. R. philippinensis Merr. & Rolfe in Philip. Journ. Sci. 3 (1908) Bot. 99.

In. the upper border of the mossy forest and in ravines along streamlets in
the summit grass lands, Merrill 6608.

Known only from high altitudes in the Benguet-Lepanto region.

BERBERIDACEE.
BERBERIS Linn.

1. B. barandana Vid. Rev. Pl. Vase. Filip. (1886) 45; Schneider in Bull.
Herb. Boiss. I] 5 (1905) 402. ‘

In the mossy forest above 2,000 m, CG. MW. Z. 18039, 18050, Merrill 6601, Me-
Gregor 8864.

A species characteristic of the mossy forest of the high table-land of north
central Luzon; apparently also found in Formosa. Very closely allied to B.
wallichiana DC. of the Himalayan region, Khasia Mountains and southern China.
The Igorot name is bagis, and the bark is used as a purgative.

Mahonia nepalensis DC., the only other species of the family at present known
from the Philippines, is also a characteristic plant of the region, but has not as
yet been found on Mount Pulog. Both must be considered as Himalayan types.

MAGNOLIACEZ.
TALAUMA Juss.

1. T. villariana Rolfe in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 21 (1884) 307.

In stream depressions in the pine region below an altitude of 1,400 m, 0. M. Z.-
18196, 18200. :

Widely distributed in Luzon at low and medium altitudes; endemic.

THE FLORA OF MOUNT PULOG. 349

DRIMYS Forst.

1. D. piperita Hook. f. Ic. ¢. 896.

Very abundant in the mossy forest, OC. M. Z, 18037, 18043, Merrill 6600, Mc-
Gregor 8897. Igorot, ‘inototan.

Widely distributed in the Philippines, on the higher mountains from northern
Luzon to southern Mindanao; mountains of Borneo and New Guinea.

LAURACE.
NEOLITSEA (Benth.) Merr.

1. N. microphylla Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 1 (1906) Suppl. 56.

In the mossy forest, altitude about 2,300 m, C. M. Z. 18071.

Higher mountains of central and northern Luzon; endemic.

2. Neolitsea megacarpa Merrill sp. nov.

Arbor glabra vel subglabra, usque ad 15 m alta; foliis crasse coriaceis,
oblongo-ellipticis, nitidis, utrinque concoloribus vel subtus leviter glau-
cescentibus, acuminatis, basi triplinerviis ; nervis utrinque 4 vel 5, distinc-
tis; fructibus ellipsoideis, 2 cm longis.

A glabrous or subglabrous tree reaching a height of 15 m. Branches
brown, terete, glabrous, the growing shoots somewhat pubescent. Leaves
alternate, somewhat crowded toward the apices of the branchlets, oblong-
elliptic, thickly coriaceous, shining, of the same’ color on both surfaces
or slightly glaucous beneath, 8 to 12 em long, 3 to 5 cm wide, when
young often pubescent on the midrib beneath, base acute, apex acuminate ;
nerves 4 or 5 on each side of the midrib, curved-ascending, the lowest pair
reaching about to the middle of the leaf, laxly anastomosing, the secondary
veins indistinct, the ultimate ones forming a very dense, subfoveolate
reticulation ; petioles 2.5 to 3 em long, when young somewhat pubescent,
ultimately glabrous; buds terminal and axillary, densely ferruginous-
pubescent. Flowers unknown. Fruit axillary, black or blue-black when
mature, shining, ellipsoid or ovoid, 2 em long, about 1.5 cm in diameter,
wrinkled when dry, the persistent calyx disk-shaped, about 1 cm in
diameter. .

In the mossy forest, altitude about 2,250 m, C. MW. Z. 18110, 18144, locally
known as dundunosen; also known from Mount Ugo, Benguet, Bur. Sci. 5709
Ramos, December, 1908.

3. N. villosa (Bl.) Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 4 (1909) 261.

In stream depressions, pine region, 0. M. Z, 18215. The specimen is sterile

and quite glabrous, but is probably referable here.
Widely distributed at higher altitudes in the Philippines; Malaya.

MACHILUS Nees.

1. Machilus curranii Merrill sp. nov.

Arbor glabra, 5 ad 6 m alta; foliis late elliptico-ovatis, coriaceis,
nitidis, utrinque concoloribus. vel subtus pallidioribus, basi acutis, apice
abrupte breviter vel subcaudato-acuminatis, nervis utringue 5 vel 6;
fructibus globosis vel depresso-globosis, circiter 8 mm diametro.

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350 MERRILL AND MERRITT.

A glabrous tree 5 to 6 m high. Branches dark-reddish-brown, terete,
slender, the bud-scales very slightly pubescent. Leaves broadly elliptic-
ovate, coriaceous, shining, of the same color on both surfaces or paler
beneath, 3 to 6 cm long, 1.5 to 4 em wide, the base acute, the apex abruptly
and shortly acuminate, or the acumen subcaudate and nearly 1 em long;
nerves 5 or 6 on each side of the midrib, not very prominent, scarcely
anastomosing, the secondary ones indistinct, the ultimate veinlets forming
a very dense, subfoveolate reticulation ; petioles 5 to 10 mm long. Flowers
unknown, the inflorescence from the upper axils, in fruit 3 to 5 em long.
Fruits globose or depressed-globose, black, about 8 mm in diameter, but
one or two on each infrutescence, the calyx-segments deciduous, a disk-like
portion remaining at the base of the fruit. :

In the mossy forest, altitude about 2,300 m, OC. M. Z. 18054, 18080 (type).
Locally known as maschip.

This species is well distinguished by its relatively broad leaves; it may ulti-
mately have to be referred to Persea, as the calyx is not persistent. It seems,

however, to have the other characters of Machilus, and is accordingly here placed
in that genus.

CRUCIFERA.
CARDAMINE Linn.

1. C. regeliana Miq. Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. 2 (1865) 73.

In stream depressions, pine region, altitude about 1,300 m, C. M. Z. 16090.

Eastern Asia and Japan, south to the Malay Archipelago; in the Philippines
confined to the Benguet-Lepanto region.

NASTURTIUM R. Br.

1. N. indicum DC. Syst. Veg. 2 (1821) 199, Prodr. 1 (1824) 139.

Altitude not given, probably in the pine region, CO. M. Z. 16089. 7

Widely distributed in the Philippines at low and medium altitudes; India
to Japan and Malaya.

NEPENTHACE.
NEPENTHES Linn.

1. N. alata Blanco FI. Filip. (1837) 805.

In the pine region on open slopes, altitude about 1,400 m, 0. M. Z. 18188, locally
known as cacalum.

Widely distributed in the Philippines at medium and higher altitudes; endemic.

DROSERACEZ.
DROSERA Linn.

1. D. peltata Sm. in Willd. Sp. Pl. 1 (1797) 1546. :

Grassy slopes in the pine region, below 1,800 m altitude, Merrill 6535.

Widely distributed in the Benguet-Lepanto region; India to China and Japan,
through Malaya to Australia and Tasmania.

THE FLORA OF MOUNT PULOG. 351

~ CRASSULACEZ.
BRYOPHYLLUM Salisb.

1. B. pinnatum(Lam.) Kurz in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 40° (1876) 309.

Habitat not given, probably in the lower pine region, C. M. Z. 16234.

Widely distributed in the Tropics of the world, presumably a native of Africa;
common and widely distributed in the Philippines.

KALANCHOE Adans.

1. K. spathulata (Poir.) DC. Pl. Grass. t. 65, Prodr. 3 (1828) 395.
On dry rocks in open pine forests below 1,300 m, OC. M. Z. 16233, 163827.
Widely distributed in the Philippines; India to southern China, Formosa, and
Java.
SEDUM Linn.

1. S. australe Merr. in Govt. Lab. Publ. (Philip.) 29 (1905) 16.

On boulders in stream depressions, lower pine region, altitude about 1,400 m,
C. M. Z. 16326, Merrill 6484.

Endemic; confined to the Benguet-Lepanto region.

SAXIFRAGACEAL.
ASTILBE Ham.

1. A. philippinensis Henry in Gard. Chron. (1902) 2: 155.
Widely distributed in the pine region, C. M. Z. 16072, Merrill 6574, McGregor
89083.
Known only from the pine area of the Benguet-Lepanto region; allied to Asiatic
species.
DEUTZIA Thunb.

1. D. pulchra Vid. Rev. Pl. Vase. Filip. (1886) 124.

In the upper pine region, ravines, open slopes, etec., C. M. Z. 18114, Merrill 6554.

Known only from the mountains of the Benguet-Lepanto region, and from those
of Zambales Province, Luzon; allied to Asiatic species.

HYDRANGEA Linn.

1. H. lobbii Maxim. in Mém. Acad. Pétersb. VII 10 (1867) 15.

Abundant and widely distributed in the mossy forest, C. M. Z. 18058, 18060,
18078, Merrill 6587, McGregor 8830, 8831.

Widely distributed on the mountains of Luzon; endemic.

ITEA Linn.

1. I. macrophylla Wall. in Roxb. Fl. Ind. 2 (1831) 419.

In stream depressions below an altitude of 1,500 m, OC. MW. Z. 18175, 18209.

Widely distributed in the Philippines at medium altitudes; mountains of
India to southern China, and Java.

This is quite the same form that Mr. Elmer has recently described as Itea
luzonensis (Leafl, Philip. Bot. 2 (1908) 528), but with the material at present
available here for comparison, I can not discover sufficient reasons for specifically
distinguishing the Philippine from the Asiatic plant.

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352 MERRILL AND MERRITT.

POLYOSMA Blume.

1. P. philippinensis Merr. in Govt. Lab. Publ. (Philip.) 29 (1905) 16.
In the mossy forest, altitude about 2,300 m, C. M. Z. 18148.
Widely distributed on the higher mountains of the Philippines; endemic.

PITTOSPORACEZE,
PITTOSPORUM Banks.

1, P. pentandrum (Blanco) Merr, in Govt. Lab. Publ. (Philip.) 27 (1905) 19.

In stream depressions below an altitude of 4,500 m, C. M. Z. 18193, 18213,
locally known as lasuit.

Abundant and widely distributed in the Philippines at low and medium alti-
tudes; endemic. ° ’

2. P. resiniferum Hemsl. in Kew Bull. (1894) 344.

In the mossy forest above an altitude of 2,250 m, 0. M. Z. 18090, McGregor
8868. :

Widely ‘distributed at higher altitudes in the Philippines, a characteristic
species of the mossy forests of the higher mountains; endemic.

ROSACEAE.
ROSA Linn.

1. R. multiflora Thunb. Fl. Jap. (1784) 214.

Stream depressions in the pine region, altitude about 1,500 m, C. M. Z. 18168,
Merrill 65382.

Widely distributed and abundant in the Benguet-Lepanto region, but otherwise
not known from the Philippines; Japan, southern China, and Formosa.

FRAGARIA Linn.

1. F. indica Andr. Bot. Rep. ¢. 479.

In the upper pine region, altitude about 2,100 m, C. M. Z. 16174.

Known in the Philippines only from the Benguet-Lepanto region; Afghanistan
to the mountains of India and the Malay Archipelago, China, and Japan.

RUBUS Linn.

1. R. copelandi Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 1 (1906) Suppl. 194.

In the mossy forest, altitude about 2,500 m, O. M. Z. 16328, Merrill 6560.

Otherwise known only from a similar habitat at Pauai, across the Agno River
from Mount Pulog. .

2. R. ellipticus Sm. in Rees Cycl. 30, no. 16.

In the upper pine region, extending into the lower limits of the mossy forest,
O. M. Z. 18156, Merrill 6562.

Known in the Philippines only from high or medium altitudes in the Benguet-
Lepanto region; mountains of India, Ceylon, Burma, and southern China.

3. R. elmeri Focke in Bibliotheca Botanica 72 (1909) 112.

In the upper pine region, C. M. Z. 16171, 16172, Merrill 6542.

This recently described species is widely distributed in the pine region in
northern Luzon, and is also represented by the following specimens: District of
Lepanto, trail to Balbalasan, For. Bur. 5711 Klemme ; Mount Data, Merrill
4651: Province of Benguet, Pauai, Bur. Sci. 4305 Mearns, Bur. Sei. 8337 Me-
Gregor; Baguio, Elmer 5792, Topping 127, For. Bur. 949 Barnes; Mount Ton-
glon, Bur. Sci. 5430 Ramos, For. Bur, 14161 Merritt; without definite locality,

at ..-

Syd:

THE FLORA OF MOUNT PULOG. 353

Mearns s. n., Loher 2244. >It extends from an altitude of about 1,400 m to at
least 2,200 m above the level of the sea; endemic.

4. R. fraxinifolius Poir. in Lam. Enecyel. 6 (1804) 242.

In the upper pine region, 0. M. Z. 18155, and in the mossy forest, Merrill 6557.

Widely distributed in the Philippines, extending from sea level to an altitude
of about 2,250 m; widely distributed in Malaya. .Doctor Focke writes that the
Philippine material is all referable to the eastern subspecies celebicus (Bl.), which
differs from the form found in the Sunda Islands in some respects.

5. R. mearnsii Elm. Leafl. Philip. Bot. 2 (1908) 448.

In the mossy forest, C. M. Z. 16173, McGregor 8885,

Known only from similar habitats and altitudes in Benguet Province.

6. R. niveus Thunb. Diss. Rub. (1815) 9.

In stream depressions, pine region, altitude about 1,500 m, Merrill 6533.

Known in the Philippines only from the Benguet-Lepanto region; India to
Ceylon, China, and Malaya. :

Doctor Focke writes that he can not distinguish from this species Rubus
horsfieldii Miq. nor R. lasiocarpus Sm.

7. R. pectinellus Maxim. in Bull. Acad. Pétersb. 17 (1871) 147.

In the mossy forest, Merrill .6565.

Known in the Philippines only from high altitudes in the Benguet-Lepanto
region, and also from Mount Apo, Mindanao; Japan.

8. R. rolfei Vid. Phan. Cuming. Philip. (1885) 171.

In the upper parts of the mossy forest, Merrill 6602.

Known only from high altitudes in Benguet, from Mount Banajao, Luzon,
Mount Haleon, Mindoro, and from Mount Canlaon, Negros.

9. R. sp.

In the mossy forest, Merrill 6500.

A sterile specimen, representing possibly an undescribed species, as it is not
matched by any of our other Philippine material.

PYGEUM Gaertn.

1. P. glandulosum Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 3 (1908) Bot. 226.

In stream depressions, lower pine region, C. M. Z. 18212.

Widely distributed in the Philippines at low and medium altitudes; endemic.
2. Pap. ee

In the mossy forest, C. M. Z. 18076.

The specimen is sterile, and is hardly determinable; it may belong to some

other genus, or even family.

LEGUMINOSZ.
PITHECOLOBIUM Mart.

1. P. subacutum Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. 3 (1844) 210.
In the pine region below 1,500 m altitude, C. M. Z. 18189.
Widely distributed in the Philippines; Celebes.

‘INDIGOFERA L.

1. 1. nigrescens Kurz ex Prain in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 677 (1898) 286.

In the pine region, ascending to 2,000 m altitude, C. M. Z, 16225, Merrill

6395.
Known in the Philippines only from the Benguet-Lepanto region; Khasia Moun-

tains and southwestern China.

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354 MERRILL AND MERRITT.

PAROSELA Cay.

1. P. glandulosa (Blanco) Merr. supra 68.
In the pine region, altitude 1,500 m, C. M. Z. 16226.
Introduced from Mexico, now abundant and widely distributed in Luzon.

DESMODIUM Desvy. 4

1. D. sinuatum (Miq.) BI. ex Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1876) 166.

In the pine region, ascending to 2,000 m, OC. M. Z. 16034.

Medium and higher altitudes in northern Luzon and in Mindanao; India to
China, Formosa, Malaya to New Guinea.

2. D. microphyllum (Thunb.) DC. Prodr. 2 (1825) 337.

In grass lands, pine region, ascending to 2,000 m, C. M. Z. 18153: Philippine
and extra-Philippine range as in the preceding species.

LOUREA Neck.

1. L. reniformis (Lour.) DC. Prodr. 2 (1825) 324.

In the pine region, altitude about 1,500 m, C. M. Z. 16227.

Known in the Philippines only from northern Luzon; Burma to China, For-
mosa, Malaya, and northern Australia. ,

PHYLACIUM Benn.

1. P. bracteosum Benn. Pl. Jav. Rar. (1840) 159, #. 33.

In stream depressions, pine region, ascending to 1,500 m altitude, C. M. Z.
16222.

Widely distributed in the Philippines, especially at low altitudes; Malay Pen-
insula and Archipelago to New Guinea.

SHUTERIA W. & A.

1. S. vestita W. & A. Prodr. (1834) 207.

In the pine region, ascending to 2,000 m, C. M. Z. 16221. of

Known in the Philippines only from higher altitudes in the Benguet-Lepanto
region; India and Ceylon to southern China.

CAJANUS DC.

1. C. indicus Spreng. Syst. 3 (1826) 248.

Stream depressions in the lower pine region, C. M. Z. 160338.

Cultivated by the Igorots, and locally known as caldis; widely distributed in
the Philippines, frequently cultivated ; Tropics of the world.

FLEMINGIA Roxb,

l. F. cumingiana Benth. Pl. Jungh. (1852) 245.
In the pine region, altitude 1,500 m, OC. M. Z. 16224.

Endemic.
PHASEOLUS L.

1. P. lunatus L. Sp. Pl. (1753) 724.

In the lower pine region, C. M. Z. 16220, 16223.

Abundant and widely distributed in the Philippines, frequently cultivated;
Tropics of the world.

THE FLORA OF MOUNT PULOG. 355

OXALIDACEA.
OXALIS Linn.

1. O. repens Thunb. Oxal. (1781) 16; B. L. Robinson-in Journ. Bot. 44 (1906)
391.

Altitude not given, C. M. Z. 16096.

Widely distributed in Europe, Asia, Africa, Malaya, and North America; con-
fused by most authors with O. corniculata L,

RUTACEZE.
EVODIA Forst.

1. E. reticulata Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 2 (1907) 277.

In the mossy forest, altitude about 2,600 m, C. M. Z, 18074.

Previously known only from Mount Halcon, Mindoro,

2. E. dubia Merr. in Govt. Lab. Publ. 35 (1905) 23.

In the mossy forest, altitude about 2,400 m, OC. M. Z. 18088, McGregor 8857.
Known only from similar habitats in the Benguet-Lepanto region.

MELICOPE Forst.

1. M. luzonensis Engl. ex Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1905) 161.

Stream depressions in the pine region below an altitude of 1,500 m, QO. M. Z.
18180, 18211.

Widely distributed in the Philippines at low and medium altitudes; endemic.

BOENNINGHAUSENIA Reichb.

1. B. albiflora (L.) Reichb. Consp. (1828) 197.

Widely distributed in the mossy forest above an altitude of 2,300 m, 0. M. Z.
16062, Merrill 6580, McGregor 8863.

Known in the Philippines only from similar habitats on the higher mountains
of the Benguet-Lepanto region; temperate Himalaya to China, Japan, and
Formosa.

SKIMMIA Thunb.

1. S. japonica Thunb. Nov. Gen. (1783) 58.

In the mossy forest, altitude about 2,600 m, C. WM. Z. 18046, 18085.

Known in the Philippines only from the higher mountains of the Benguet-
Lepanto region; Himalayan region, China, Japan, and Formosa.

MELIACEZ.
AGLAIA Lour. |

1. A. elliptifolia Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 3 (1908) Bot. 413.?

In the pine region at an altitude of about 1,500 m, 0. M. Z. 18199, locally
known as saybong.

The specimen is sterile, but is apparently referable to the above species;
previously known from the Batanes Islands.

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356 MERRILL AND MERRITT.

EUPHORBIACE.
PHYLLANTHUS Linn.

1. P. benguetensis C. B. Rob. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 4 (1909) Bot. 78.

On steep slopes, pine region, altitude about 1,400 m, Merrill 6528.

Known only from similar habitats in Benguet Province.

2. P. reticulatus Poir. in Lam. Encycl. 5 (1804) 298.

In the pine region, altitude about 1,300 m, C. M. Z. 18181.

Widely distributed in the Philippines at low and medium altitudes; tropical
Asia and Africa, Malaya.

3. P. sp.

Stream depressions, pine region, altitude about 1,400 m, 0. M. Z. 16148.

Apparently an undescribed form.

GLOCHIDION Forst.

1. G. merrillii C. B. Rob. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 4 (1909) Bot. 100.

In the upper pine region, altitude about 2,000 m, C. M. Z. 18146, and in the
mossy forest, above an altitude of 2,500 m, CO. M. Z. 16147, 18122, 18133.

Known only from similar habitats in Benguet Province.

2. G. luzonense Elmer Leafl. Philip. Bot. 1 (1908) 301.

On open grassy slopes, lower pine region, below an altitude of 1,500 m, C. M. Z.
16075, 18190. .

Known only from low and medium altitudes in central and northern Luzon.

BREYNIA Forst..

1. B. rhamnoides (Retz.) Muell.-Arg. in DC. Prodr. 15? (1866) 440.

Stream depressions, pine region, altitude about 1,500 m, @. M. Z, 18178.

Widely distributed in the Philippines at low and medium altitudes; India to
southern China, and Malaya.

BISCHOFIA Bi.

1. B. javanica Bl. Bijdr. (1826) 1168.

Stream depressions in the pine region, below an altitude of 1,300 m, C. M. Z.
1821}.

Widely distributed in the Philippines at low and medium altitudes; India to
southern China, Malaya, and Polynesia.

The oldest valid specific name for this plant is Bischofia javanica Bl. The
publication of Andrachne trifoliata Roxb.=Bischofia trifoliata Hook., dates from
the year 1832, the earlier use of the name by Roxburgh, Hort. Beng. (1814), being
only as a nomen nudum.

BRIDELIA Willd.
LB. sp.
In stream depressions, pine region, altitude about 1,400 m, OC. M. Z. 18195.

DAPHNIPHYLLUM Bl.

1. D. glaucescens BI. Bijdr. (1826) 1153.

Mossy forest, altitude above 2,200 m, 0. M. Z. 18151.

This form is known in the Philippines only from the Benguet region, and I
am not quite sure as to the specific identity of the Philippine form with Blume’s
species. D. glaucescens Bl. is supposed to extend from the mountains of India to
Ceylon to Java, Korea, and Japan.

en,

THE FLORA OF MOUNT PULOG. 357

CLAOXYLON Juss.

1. C. purpureum Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 1 (1906) Suppl. 204.
In the mossy forest above an altitude of 2,300 m, C. M. Z. 16151, 18092.
Abundant and widely distributed in similar habitats in the Benguet-Lepanto
region; endemic.
MALLOTUS Lour.

1. M. ricinoides (Pers.) Muell.-Arg. in DC. Prodr. 15? (1866) 963.
In stream depressions, altitude about 1,500 m, O. M. Z. 18143.
Widely distributed and abundant in the Philippines; Tenasserim to southern

China, and Java.
MACARANGA Thouars.

1. M. dipterocarpifolia Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 1 (1906) Suppl. 205.
Altitude not given, C. M. Z. 16150.
Known only from northern Luzon.

ACALYPHA Linn.

1. A. stipulacea Klotz. in Nov. Act. Acad. Nat. Cur. 19 (1843) Suppl. 1:416,

In stream depressions, below an altitude of 1,300 m, OC. M. Z. 18216, 18219.

Widely distributed in the Philippines at low altitudes; Malaya, extending to
the Fiji Islands.

2. A. grandis Muell.-Arg. var. velutina Muell.-Arg. in DC. Prodr. 15’ (1866)

806.

Stream depressions, altitude about 1,400 m, OC. M. Z. 16149.
The variety endemic, rather widely distributed in Luzon, the species in Malaya

and Polynesia.
HOMALANTHUS Juss.

1. H. alpinus Elmer Leafl. Philip. Bot. 1 (1908) 307.

Stream depressions at an altitude of about 2,000 m, OC. M. Z. 18111.
At higher altitudes on the mountains of Luzon; endemic.

2. H. fastuosus (Morren) F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1880) 196.

In the mossy forest, altitude about 2,600 m, C. M. Z. 18042.
Widely distributed in the Philippines; endemic.

CORIARIACEZ.
CORIARIA Niss.

1. C. intermedia Matsum. in Bot. Mag. Tokyo 12 (1898) 62; Merr. in Philip.
Journ. Sci. 1 (1908) Suppl. 205.

Stream depressions, pine region, altitude about 1,800 m, Merrill 6526.

Formosa.

ANACARDIACEE.
PISTACIA Linn.

1. P. philippinensis Merr. & Rolfe in Philip. Journ. Sci. 3 (1908) Bot. 107.

Stream depressions below 1,100 m, C. M. Z. 16076.

A characteristic species of dry open slopes of stream depressions in Benguet,
and at present known only from that Province. It is apparently closely allied
to, and possibly identical with Pistacia formosana Matsum. ‘Journ, Coll. Sci.
Tokyo 22 (1906) 99, pl. 9. It is known to the Igorots as sanguilo or sanguido,
and the wood is utilized by them for making tobaceo pipes.

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358 MERRILL AND MERRITT.

AQUIFOLIACE.
[LEX Linn.

1, I. crenata Thunb. forma luzonica (Rolfe) Loes. Nov. Act. Acad. Nat. Cur.
78 (1901) 201.

Characteristic of the mossy forest above 2,250 m, C. M. Z. 18040, 18109.

Japan and the Riu Kiu Islands, the forma luzgonica in Luzon, the var.
thompsonii (Hook. f.) Loes. in the Himalayan region. Characteristic of the
higher mountains of Luzon, as far south as Mount Banajao; also on Mount
Canlaon, Negros.

2. |. gracilipes Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 3 (1908) Bot. 237.

Pine region below 1,700 m, C. M. Z. 18160.

Endemic.

3. 1. sp.

Mossy forest, above 2,250 m, 0. M. Z. 18069.

Apparently allied to J. crenata, and perhaps only a form of that species;
specimen in fruit only.

4. Ilex pulogensis Merrill sp. nov. Thyrsoprinus, Indico-Malaicae.

Frutex vel arbor glaber, erectus; foliis elliptico-ovatis, usque ad 5 em
longis, crasse coriaceis, nitidis, apice acuminatis, basi cuneatis, nervis
utrinque 5 ad 7; racemis axillaribus, solitariis, brevibus; floribus 5-meris.

An erect or parasitic shrub or tree 4 to 20 m in height, glabrous
throughout. Branches terete, light-gray, shining, the branchlets dark-
brown to nearly black, somewhat lenticellate. Leaves elliptic-ovate,
2.5 to 5 cm long, 1 to 2 cm wide, thickly coriaceous, shining and of the
same color on both surfaces when dry, not punctate or glandular, the
base cuneate, the apex acuminate; nerves 5 to 7 on each side of the
midrib, not distinct, obscurely anastomosing, the secondary reticulations
obsolete, the midrib slightly impressed on the upper surface, beneath
prominent; petioles about 5 mm long. Racemes axillary, simple, solitary,
8 to 12 mm long, with from 8 to 15 flowers, the bracteoles ovate, acute,
1 mm long, the pedicels 1 to 2 mm long. Flowers small, 5-merous, the
sepals elliptic-ovate, rounded, about 1 mm long, imbricate. Petals about
as long as the sepals. Anthers 1 mm long. Ovary 5-celled. Fruit
globose, 3 to 3.5 mm in diameter, 5-celled.

In the mossy forest above an altitude of 2,250 m, O. M. Z. 18099, 18145 (type),
also represented by Williams 1547 from Mount Santo Tomas, at a similar altitude
and in a similar habitat. Merritt notes on the field label of no. 18145 that the
species has a “balete” habit, that is, parasitic, similar to most species of Ficus
of the section Urostigma.

Apparently most closely allied to Jlew spicata Blume of Java, Sumatra, and
New Guinea, but distinguished at once by its 5-merous flowers.

Very similar to Ilex halconensis (Merr.) comb. nov. (Embelia halconensis
Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 2 (1907) Bot. 297), differing in its shorter racemes
and somewhat smaller leaves, which are not punctate beneath. Jlea halconensis,
known at present only from Mindoro, was erroneously ascribed by me to Embelia.
of the Myrsinaceae, being placed with doubt in the § Pattara. It is, however, a
true /lex, and is here transferred to its proper genus.

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THE FLORA OF MOUNT PULOG. 359

CELASTRACEA.
PERROTTETIA H. B. K.

1. P. alpestris Loesen. var. philippinensis (Vid.) Stapf in Trans. Linn. Soe.
Bot. 4 (1894) 141.

Caryospermum philippinense Vid. Rev. Pl. Vase. Filip. (1886) 89.

Mossy forest, altitude 2,250 m, C. M. Z. 18094, McGregor 8865.

The variety widely distributed on the higher Philippine mountains, and also
found on Mount Kinabalu, Borneo; the species widely distributed in Malaya.

STAPHYLEACEA.
TURPINIA Vent. *

1. T. pomifera (Roxb.) DC. Prodr. 2 (1825) 3.

In stream depressions, pine region altitude about 1,500 m, 0. M. Z. 18194,
18201.

Widely distributed in the Philippines at low and medium altitudes; India to
southern China and Formosa to Malaya.

SAPINDACE.
GUIOA Cav.

1. G. perrottetii (Bl.) Radlk. in Sitzb. Math.-Phys. Acad. Muench. 8 (1878)
302.

In stream depressions below an altitude of 1,300 m, C. M. Z. 18208, 18221.

Widely distributed in the Philippines at low and medium altitudes; endemic.

SABIACEA.
MELIOSMA Blume.

1. M. multiflora Merr. in Govt. Lab. Publ. (Philip.) 29 (1905) 25.
Lower parts of the mossy forest, extending into ravines in the upper pine region,
as low as 2,000 m, C. M. Z. 18118, 18142, 18128, 18134, locally known to the

_ Igorots as adopo.

Known only from the mountains of northern and central Luzon.

RHAMNACEZ#.
SAGERETIA Brongn.

1, S. theezans (Linn.) Brongn. in Ann. Sci. Nat. I 10 (1827) 360.
In stream depressions, pine region, altitude below 1,500 m, CO. M. Z. 16235,
18169.

In the Philippines known only from the Benguet-Lepanto region, the mountains
of Ilocos Sur and Zambales; Baluchistan to India, southern China, and Formosa.

RHAMNUS Linn.

1. Rhamnus pulogensis Merrill sp. nov. § Hurhamnus, Cervispina,

Frutex erectus, 3 ad 4 m altus, partibus junioribus exceptis glaber ;
foliis elliptico-ovatis, usque ad 1.5 em longis, subcoriaceis, acuminatis,
crenatis, crenulis in foliis junioribus valde glandulosis; floribus axilla-
ribus, fasciculatis, pedicellatis, tetrameris, ovario biloculare.

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360 MERRILL AND MERRITT.

An erect, much-branched shrub 3 to 4 m high, glabrous except the
branchlets and young leaves which are somewhat pubescent. Branches
stout, terete, yellowish- or grayish-brown, the branchlets puberulent,
slender, most of them terminated by a short, 1 to 2 mm long spine.
Leaves alternate, mostly somewhat crowded, elliptic-ovate, coriaceous,
1 to 1.5 cm long, 5 to 10 mm wide, acuminate, base acute, margins rather
densely crenulate, each tooth, in young leaves, bearing a small, oblong,
brownish gland, which is early deciduous; nerves 2 to 4 on each side of
the midrib, ascending, distinct beneath, the reticulations also very distinct
on the lower surface; petioles 3 to 5 mm long; stipules acicular, about
2 mm long. Flowers axillary, fascicled, the pistillate ones 4-merous,
their pedicels 2.5 to 4 mm long. Calyx 2.5 to 3 mm long, the lobes
narrowly ovate, somewhat acuminate, about 2 mm long, 1 mm wide,
slightly recurved, obscurely keeled within. Petals none. Ovary ovoid,
glabrous, 2-celled; style 1 mm long, cleft, the arms 0.5 mm long,
recurved. Staminate flowers unknown. Fruit ellipsoid or narrowly
obovoid, black and shining when dry, blue when fresh, about 6 mm long
(immature), the persistent calyx-base 2.5 to 3 mm in diameter. *

‘ In the mossy forest, altitude about 2,400 m, For. Bur. 18102 Curran, Merritt,
' & Zschokke, January 6, 1909.
_A species allied to the Asiatic Rhamnus virgatus Roxb., and R. dahuricus Pall.,

and to the Japanese R. japonicus Maxim., but apparently sufficiently distinct from
all described forms of these.

VITACE.
AMPELOPSIS Michx.

1. A. heterophylla (Thunb.) Sieb. & Zuee. Abhand]. Akad. Muench. 4° (1846)
196,

In stream depressions below an altitude of 1,500 m, C. M. Z. 16236, Merrill
6393.

Rather widely distributed in Luzon; India to southern China and Japan. The
specimens cited above belong to the variety hancei Planch.

TETRASTIGMA Planch.

1. T. angustifolium (Roxb.) Planch. in DC. Monog. Phan. 5 (1887) 439 ?

With the preceding, Merrill 6394.

This species seems to be imperfectly known, but the specimen cited above
apparently agrees closely with the plate in Wight’s “Icones” cited by Planchon.
This form is widely distributed in the Philippines; Sumatra.

TILIACEAE.
TRIUMFETTA Linn.

1. T. pilosa Roth Noy. Sp. Pl. (1821) 233.

In the pine region, altitude about 1,500 m, C. M. Z. 16100. :

Luzon and Mindanao at medium altitudes; India to the Malay Peninsula, and
, Africa.

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THE FLORA OF MOUNT PULOG. 361

GREWIA Linn.
1, G. sp.
In the mossy forest above an altitude of 2,300 m, 0. M. Z. 18124. The
specimen is sterile, and Mr. Merritt notes that the bark is used by the Igorots for
making string and rope; locally known as arinao,

MALVACEAE.
SIDA L.

1. S. rhombifolia L. Sp. Pl. (1753) 684.

In stream depressions below an altitude of 1,500 m, C. M. Z. 16238.

Abundant and widely distributed in the Philippines; cosmopolitan in the
tropical and subtropical regions of both hemispheres.

DILLENIACE.
SAURAUIA Willd.

1. S. elegans (Choisy) F.-Vill. Nov. App. (180) 19.

Ravines in the pine region below 1,700 m altitude, OC. M. Z. 18166.

Common at medium altitudes in the Benguet-Lepanto region, and on mountains
to the south; endemic.

THEACEZ.
EURYA Thunb.

1. Eurya coriacea Merrill sp. nov.

Arbusecula vel arbor glabra 2 ad 8 m alta; foliis ovato-ellipticis,
erassissime coriaceis, nitidis, in siccitate plus minus aurantiacis, late
brevissime acuminatis, acuminibus retusis, margine prominente glan-
duloso-denticulatis ; floribus pro genere magnis, 1.3 cm diametro, axillar-
ibus, solitariis, sepalis petalisque retusis.

A shrub or tree 2 to 8 m high, glabrous throughout, even fo the
ultimate branchlets. Branches terete, reddish-brown or grayish, rather
stout. Leaves rather crowded, very thickly coriaceous, ovate-elliptic, 4
to 6 cm long, 1.6 to 3.4 cm wide, yellowish and shining when dry, the
base rounded or acute, the apex very shortly and broadly acuminate,
the acumen retuse, the margins rather prominently and regularly glan-
dular-denticulate; nerves about 10 on each side of the midrib, anas-
tomosing, the reticulations and secondary nerves nearly as prominent
as the primary ones; petioles stout, about 2 mm long. Flowers white, -
axillary,, solitary, 1.3 cm in diameter, the peduncles stout, 3 mm long
or less. Sepals orbicular, retuse, entirely glabrous except for the ciliate
margins, coriaceous, about 5 mm in diameter. Corolla-lobes obovate,
retuse, about 8 mm long, 6 mm wide, thick, glabrous. Stamens 13, the
filaments 2.5 to 3 mm long; anthers elliptic, obtuse, about 1.7 mm long.
Pistillate flowers unknown.

In the mossy forest above an altitude of 2,300 m, For. Bur. 18108 (type),
18047 Curran, Merritt, & Zschokke, January 6, 1909.

362 MERRILL AND MERRITT.

A species apparently allied to Lurya macartneyi Champ. of Hongkong, but
well characterized by its comparatively large flowers. In the latter character it
is similar to H. amplewicaulis Moore (E. auriculata Elm.) of Mindoro and Negros,
but the leaves of Moore’s species are very different.

I am disposed to refer to this species two other specimens from the same locality
and habitat, C. M. Z. 18052, with fruits about 3 mm in diameter, showing three,
sometimes four, persistent styles, free to the base, and C. M. Z. 18066, like 18052,
but with much smaller leaves which are ovate or orbicular-ovate and 2 cm long
or less.

2. Eurya buxifolia Merrill sp. nov.

Arbuscula vel arbor 2 ad 5.5 m alta, ramulis exceptis glabra; foliis
parvis, ellipticis vel elliptico-ovatis, late brevissime acuminatis, 1 ad
2.5 cm longis, nitidis, junioribus subtus ad costam plus minus adpresse
pubescentibus; floribus parvis, axillaribus, solitariis vel binis, 5 ad 6
mm diametro, sepalis rotundatis vel acutis.

A shrub or tree 2 to 5.5 m high, glabrous except the young branchlets
and young leaves. Branches terete, brown or gray, the young branchlets
slender, more or less hirsute with short, often appressed hairs. Leaves
somewhat crowded, very numerous, somewhat distichous, elliptic or
elliptic-ovate, coriaceous, 1 to 2.5 cm long, 0.6 to 1.5 em wide, shining
or somewhat dull when dry, pale-green or somewhat yellowish, glabrous,
the younger ones appressed-pubescent on the midrib beneath, the base
rounded or acute, the apex very shortly and broadly acuminate, rarely
nearly acute, the acumen retuse, the margins distinctly and regularly
glandular-denticulate; nerves about 7 on each side of the midrib, rather
distinct, beneath, anastomosing; petioles about 1 mm long. Staminate
flowers axillary, white, solitary or in pairs, often nodding, 5 to 6 mm in
diameter, their pedicels about 2 mm long, the bracteoles ovate, less than
1 mm in length. Sepals glabrous, or the outer ones sometimes slightly
pubescent, retuse, the inner ones elliptic or broadly elliptic, 2.2 mm long,
the outer somewhat smaller and rounded or ovate. Corolla-tube short,
the lobés elliptic-ovate or elliptic, rounded or retuse, about 4 mm long,
2.5 to 2.8 mm wide. Stamens 7; filaments about 2 mm long; anthers
1.5 mm long, apiculate. Pistillate flowers similar to the staminate ones ;
ovary ovoid or globose; style 1.5 mm long, 3-cleft at the apex, the arms
about 0.6 mm long. Fruit globose, 3 mm in diameter, tipped by the
remains of the style; seeds many, compressed, about 1.5 mm long.

Widely distributed in the mossy forest, For. Bur. 16170, 18064 (type), 18044,
18129 Curran, Merritt, & Zschokke, and also represented by the following speci-
mens, all from similar habitats: District of Lepanto, Sagada, For. Bur. 5674
Klemme; Mount Data, Merrill 4527: Province of Benguet, Pauai, For. Bur. 14445
Darling; Mount Ugo, Bur. Sci. 5834 Ramos; Mount Tonglon, For. Bur. 14154,

14165 Merritt.
The same species is apparently represented by a Formosan specimen (sterile)

THE FLORA OF MOUNT PULOG. 363

distributed from the Botanical Institute, Tokyo, as Eurya japonica Thunb., under
the number 1369.

A species characterized by its small leaves and apparently sufficiently constant
to warrant description as a distinct form. It is allied to Eurya acuminata DC.,
and to H. japonica Thunb., differing from both in its leaf-characters, and from
the latter in its pubescent branchlets.

- ADINANDRA Jack.

Adinandra montana Merrill sp. nov.

Arbor glabra 4 ad 10 m alta; foliis coriaceis elliptico-ovatis vel
elliptico-oblongis, integris, nitidis, apice breviter acuminatis, acumi-
nibus obtusis vel retusis, nervis in pagina inferiore subobsoletis, superiore
tenuibus; floribus axillaribus, sepalis petalisque ad marginem ciliatis.

A glabrous tree 4 to 10 m high. Branches terete, grayish-brown, the
ultimate branchlets reddish-brown and faintly angled. Leaves alternate,
elliptic-ovate to elliptic-oblong, entire, thickly coriaceous, 5 to 8 cm
long, 2 to 3.5 em wide, brownish and somewhat shining when dry, the
base acute, the apex usually more or less acuminate, often very shortly
and broadly so, or almost rounded, the acumen blunt or somewhat retuse ;
nerves subobsolete on the lower surface, on the upper surface faint, about
10 on each side of the midrib; petioles 5 to8 mm long. Flowers axillary,
mostly solitary, white, often nodding, the pedicels stout, 1 to 1.5 cm
long. Sepals broadly ovate, abruptly apiculate, 3 mm long, the margins
ciliate. Petals obovate or narrowly obovate, in anthesis 12 mm long,
rounded or somewhat retuse, the margins ciliate. Stamens about 30;
filaments 7 mm long or less; anthers basifixed, 1.8 to 2 mm long, with
few, scattered, rather stiff, white hairs. Ovary glabrous, 5-celled, each
cell with many ovules; style about 9 mm long. Fruit ovoid, glabrous,
somewhat fleshy, about 1.3 cm long, brown, shining; seeds brown, shining,
irregularly compressed, about 3 mm long, minutely pitted.

The type of this species is For. Bur. 4558 Mearns & Hutchinson, from Mount Ma-
landing, Mindanao, but I am unable to distinguish from it by any valid characters
For. Bur, 18149 Curran, Merritt, &€ Zschokke, from the lower parts of the mossy
forest on Mount Pulog. The same species is also apparently represented by
Bur. Sci. 4414, 4420 Mearns, Pauai, Province of Benguet, Luzon. A specimen
from Mount Malaraya, Tayabas Province, differs in having smaller fruits and
shorter pedicels, while two specimens from Mount Haleon, Mindoro, For. Bur.
4410, 4458 Merritt, have some of the leaves larger (reaching a length of 10 em),
with the nerves distinctly visible on the lower surface. It is possible that all
these specimens are referable to a single species, but it is more probable that
additional material will show sufficiently constant characters to warrant the
separation of several closely allied forms.

The species is manifestly closely allied to Adinandra dumosa Jack, of the Malay
Peninsula and Archipelago, but evident distinguishing characters are the smaller
leaves, with the nerves at least visible on the upper surface in the present form.

96832——7

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364 MERRILL AND MERRITT.

GUTTIFERZ.
HYPERICUM Linn.

1. H. japonicum Thunb. Fl. Jap. (1784) 295, pl. 31; Lév. in Bull. Soc. Bot.
France IV 7 (1908) 591.

Habitat not given, probably in the upper pine region, McGregor 8884.

Common in the Benguet-Lepanto region, and occasional at medium and higher
altitudes southward; Japan to eastern India southward to Australia and New
Zealand.

2. Hypericum pulogense Merrill sp. nov.

Herba suffruticosa, erecta, glabra, 20 ad 40 cm alta; foliis sessilibus,
ellipticis vel oblongo-ellipticis, 1 ad 2 cm longis, obtusis, subtus subglau-
cescentibus, glandulosis; floribus 2.5 ad 3 cm diametro; capsulis trilocel-
latis; styli 3.

An erect, glabrous, suffrutescent herb 20 to 40 em high. Stems
slender, terete, firm, reddish or yellowish, smooth, 1 to 1.5 mm in
diameter, with two longitudinal lines along the internodes between each
two pairs of leaves. Leaves chartaceous to subcoriaceous, elliptic to
oblong-elliptic, 1 to 2 cm long, 3.5 to 7 cm wide, obtuse, sometimes
slightly retuse, sessile but not connate, slightly glaucous and strongly
glandular beneath; nerves slender, ascending, obscurely anastomosing.
Flowers yellow, solitary in the upper axils, or in 3-flowered corymbs, 2.5
to 3 cm in diameter. Sepals oblong or elliptic-oblong, 6.5 mm long, 2.2
to 2.7 mm wide, glabrous, obtuse, coriaceous, the upper half distinctly
glandular. Petals narrowly oblong-obovate, inequilateral, 14 mm long,
5 to 6 mm wide, sparingly punctate-glandular on the upper half and near
the borders, rounded. Stamens in five phalanges. Ovary narrowly ovoid,
4°’mm long, 3-celled; styles 3, free throughout, 5 mm long. Capsule 5
to 6 mm long, narrowly oblong-ovoid, 3-celled; seeds oblong-elliptic, 1
mm long. ;

Abundant in the open grass lands of the summit, and also in open places in
the mossy forest, O. M. Z. 16097, Merrill 6577, McGregor 8875, 8880.

The third species of the genus to be found in the Philippines, and apparently
most closely allied to Hypericum perforatum Linn., which extends from. Europe

and northern Africa to northwestern India and northern and central China, intro-
duced in North America.

VIOLACEZ.
VIOLA Linn.

1. V. toppingii Elm, Leafl. Philip. Bot. 2 (1908) 505.
In the mossy forest, C. M. Z. 16063bis, 16219, Merrill 6503, and in ravines

_ in the summit grass lands, Merrill 6493.

Widely distributed at high altitudes in the Benguet-Lepanto region, and rather
variable. As Viola serpens Wall. is construed in Hooker’s “Flora of British In-
dia,” it seems to me that it would include this Philippine form. V. toppingii is
represented also by the following specimens: District of Lepanto, Mount Data,
Merrill 4509, 4565: Province of Benguet, Pauai, Merrill 4769, Bur. Sci. 4363,
4388 Mearns; Baguio, Topping 119, Elmer 6042.

THE FLORA OF MOUNT PULOG. 365

BEGONIACE.
BEGONIA Linn.

]. Begonia merrittii Merrill sp. nov. § Petermannia.

Herbacea vel suffruticosa, erecta vel subscandeng, usque ad 2 m alta,
glabra; foliis breviter petiolatis, inaequilateraliter lanceolato-ovatis vel
oblongo-lanceolatis, 5 ad 7 em longis, oblique subcordatis, lobo inferiore
multo ampliore, rotundato, margine varie dentatis vel dentato-sublobatis,
parce subulato-denticulatis, subtus sub lente minute densissime albido-
punctatis, glabris; pedunculis folio brevioribus, dichotomis; floribus
masculinis 3 ad 3.5 em diametro; capsulis truncatis, aequaliter trialatis,
2 ad 2.5 em latis.

Herbaceous or suffrutescent, erect or subscandent, 1 to 2 m high,
branched. Stems reddish-brown when dry, terete, glabrous, the ultimate
branchlets slender. Leaves inequilaterally lanceolate-ovate to oblong-
lanceolate, 5 to 7 em long, usually less than 3 em wide, chartaceous,
usually brownish when dry, not shining, paler beneath, glabrous, the
lower surface under the lens minutely, densely, and obscurely white-
punctate, base strongly inequilateral, obliquely subcordate, the lower lobe
rounded, broad, the upper narrow, acute, the apex prominently sub-
caudate-acuminate, the margins variously dentate or dentate-sublobed,
somewhat subulate-denticulate; nerves prominent, the reticulations sub-
obsolete; petioles 5 to 10 mm long; stipules membranaceous, oblong-
lanceolate, long and slenderly acuminate, 1 to 1.5 cm long, caducous.
Male inflorescence once or twice dichotomous, the peduncle 1 to 2 cm long,
the pedicels slender, 1 to 2 cm long, usually somewhat accrescent in
fruit, Flowers 3 to 3.5 cm in diameter, pink, the sepals 2, orbicular,
petals none. Pistillate flowers about as large as the staminate ones, the
lobes much narrower than the sepals of the staminate flowers. Capsule
1.5 em long, the apex truncate, including the wings 2 to 2.5 em wide,
the base acute.

In the mossy forest above 2,250 m, OC. M. Z. 16176, Merrill 6502. The species
is also well represented by a large series of specimens from the higher mountains
of northern Luzon, as follows: District of Lepanto, For. Bur. 14491 Darling:
Province of Benguet, Mount Ugo, Bur. Sci. 5839 Ramos; Pauai, Bur. Sci. 4385
Mearns, Merrill 4781, Bur. Sci. 8496 McGregor; Mount Lusod, For. Bur. 15736
Merritt & Curran; Mount Tonglon (Santo Tomas), Elmer 6254 (type), Bur. Sci.
5455 Ramos, Merrill 4823, Williams 1211, For. Bur. 11107 Whitford, For. Bur.
4996 Curran. All the numbers cited are from the mossy forest above the alti-
tudinal distribution of Pinus insularis Endl., and the species is absolutely confined
to the wet mossy forest.

The species is somewhat variable, but is manifestly allied to Begonia cumin-
giana A, DC., and to B. philippinensis, recognizable at once by its smaller, rela-
tively narrower, and quite glabrous leaves.

2. B. manillensis A. DC. in DC. Prodr. 15* (1864) 323.

Grassy slopes, altitude about 1,800 m, 0. M. Z. 16175, Igorot, sasabang.

Endemic; known only from Luzon,

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366 MERRILL AND MERRITT.

THYMELAEACE.
DAPHNE Tourn.

1. D. luzonica C. B. Rob. in Bull. Torr. Bot. Club. 35 (1908) 72, 75.

Rather abundant along the upper borders of the mossy forest, O. M. Z. 18072,
Merrill 6487, McGregor 8852.

Known only from high altitudes in the Benguet-Lepanto region, a closely allied
form in Yunnan. It is represented also by the following specimens: Mount Ugo,
Bur. Sci. 5788 Ramos; Mount Tonglon, Bur. Sci. 5385 Ramos, For. Bur. 5047
Curran, and Benguet Province, without locality, Loher 4483.

WIKSTROEMIA Endl.

1. W. lanceolata Merr. in Govt. Lab. Publ. (Philip.) 29 (1905) 31.
In the pine region, altitude about 1,500 m, C. M. Z. 16164.
Rather widely distributed in Luzon, mostly at medium’ altitudes.

ELAEAGNACEZ.
ELAEAGNUS Linn.

1. E. philippensis Perr. in Mém. Linn. Soc. Paris 3 (1824) 114.
Pine region, altitude about 1,250 m, OC. M. Z. 18187.
Widely distributed in the Philippines; endemic.

MYRTACEZ.
LEPTOSPERMUM Forst.

1. L. flavescens Sm. in Trans. Linn. Soc. 3 (1797) 262; C. B. Rob. in Philip.
Journ. Sci. 4 (1909) Bot. 335.

In the mossy forest above an altitude of 2,250 m, C. M. Z. 18051.

Widely distributed on the higher mountains of the Philippines; Burma,
through Malaya to tropical Australia and New Zealand.

PSIDIUM Linn.

1. P. guajava Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 470; C. B. Rob. 1. e. 336,

In the pine region, ascending to an altitude of about 1,800 m, C. M. Z. 18161.

Abundant and widely distributed in the Philippines; introduced from tropical
America, and now cosmopolitan in the Tropics. |

DECASPERMUM Forst.

1. D. paniculatum (Lindl.) Kurz in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 46* (1877) 61;
C. B. Rob. 1. c¢. 337.

In the mossy forest above an altitude of 2,250 m, O. M. Z. 18101.

Widely distributed in the Philippines, more especially at low and medium
altitudes; Bengal to Formosa southward through Malaya to Australia.

EUGENIA Linn.

1. E. acrophila C. B. Rob. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 4 (1909) Bot. 389.
In the mossy forest above an altitude of 2,250 m, C0. M. Z. 18036, 18068.
Otherwise known only from Mount Tapulao, Province of Zambales, Luzon.

id i

THE FLORA OF MOUNT PULOG. 367

MELASTOMATACEZ.
OSBECKIA L.
1. O. chinensis L. Sp. Pl. (1753) 490. .

Common in the pine region below an altitude of 1,800 m, C. M. Z. 16168,
16329.

Widely distributed in the Philippines, from sea level to medium and higher
altitudes; India to Japan southward to New Guinea and tropical Australia.

MELASTOMA L.

1. M. toppingii Merr. in Govt. Lab. Publ. (Philip.) 17 (1904) 38.

In the pine region, below an altitude of 1,800 m, C. M. Z, 18167.

Known only from the Benguet-Lepanto region, and represented by the type,
Topping 17, from Baguio, also Williams 1041 from the same locality, and by
For. Bur. 14482 Darling from Mount Malaya, Lepanto. In some respects the
species closely approaches the genus Otanthera, but the connective being produced
from 1 to 1.5 mm, it is considered best to retain the species in Melastoma, even
though there is no great difference in the length of the stamens. The species is
well characterized by its stellately or fasciculately arranged calyx-setae, the
fascicles being subsessile or shortly pedicelled. The species belongs apparently
in section III of the genus in Cogniaux’s monograph.

2. Melastoma bensonii Merrill sp. nov.

Frutex 1 ad 2 m altus, omnibus partibus plus minus setoso-strigosus ;
foliis 5- vel 7-nerviis, ovatis vel elliptico-ovatis, acutis vel obscure acu-
minatis, subtus pulcherrime et valde reticulatis; floribus pentameris,
staminibus inaequalibus, antheris oblongis, majorum connectivis basi bre-
viter (2.5 ad 3 mm) productis, antice bicalcaratis, minorum connectivis
basi vix productis.

An erect, much branched shrub 1 to 2 m high. Branches brown,
terete, the older ones glabrescent, the younger ones densely covered with
slender, subappressed or ascending, subulate setae. Leaves coriaceous,
ovate to elliptic-ovate, 4 to 9 em long, 1.5 to 4.5 cm wide, the base
rounded or somewhat acute, the apex acute or slightly acuminate, both
surfaces with numerous slender, somewhat spreading, curved, subulate,
1 to 3 mm long setae; nerves 5 or 7, distinct, the reticulations beneath
prominent, the ultimate ones olivaceous or blackish; petioles 5 to 18
mm long. Flowers 5-merous, pink, crowded in the uppermost axils
or terminating the branchlets, their pedicels 3 to 4 mm long. Calyx
about 8 mm long, densely covered with somewhat curved and spreading,
subulate setae similar to those on other parts of the plant, the calyx-
teeth about 3 mm long, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, setose; bracteoles
ovate to ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, setose, about 4 mm long. Petals
obovate, slightly inequilateral, about 18 mm long, 11 mm wide, margins
ciliate-setose, rounded. The five longer stamens 9 to 10 mm in length,
their anthers oblong, 4 mm long, the connective produced 2.5 to 3 mm,

— Se — , 2 es aC Lad Be 9. a a ee _
rT” Mite Ve oP “a = i ee - ru di rs: oe

368 MERRILL AND MERRITT.

and with two 1.5 mm long spurs in front, the five shorter ones 6 mm
long, their anthers 3 mm long, the connective not produced, with two
large tubercles in front.

In the mossy forest, C. M. Z. 18103. The following material is also referable
here, all from the Benguet-Lepanto region: near Suyoc, mossy forest, altitude
2,000 m, For. Bur, 14456 Darling; Pauai, Bur. Sci. 4428 Mearns, altitude at least
2,000 m; Mount Tonglon (Santo Tomas), Elmer 6252 (type), Williams 1210,
altitude above 2,000 m, mossy forest. ;

This species, like the preceding, is apparently referable to section III of the
genus as defined in Cogniaux’s monograph of the family; it has been confused with
M. toppingii Merr., but is quite different from that species. Named in honor of
Mr. Charles Benson who made the first ascent of Mount Pulog.

SARCOPYRAMIS Wall.

1. S. delicata C. B. Rob, in Bull. Torr. Bot. Club. 35 (1908), 72, 75.

Common in the mossy forest, Merrill 6497, McGregor 8855, 0. M. Z. 16449,
also at the base of ledges in the summit grass lands, 0. M. Z. 16167.

Widely distributed on the higher mountains of Luzon, and also known from
Mount Halcon, Mindoro, and Mount Apo, Mindanao; mountains of Formosa.

MEDINILLA Gaudich.

1, M. cordata Merr. in Govt. Lab. Publ. (Philip.) 29 (1905) 37.

Abundant in the mossy forest, C. M. Z. 18095, Merrill 6578, McGregor 8862.

Common and widely distributed at higher altitudes in the Benguet-Lepanto
region; endemic.

2. Medinilla pulogensis Merrill sp. nov.

Frutex, partibus junioribus exceptis glaber, 3 ad 4 m altus; ramis
ramulisque griseis, teretibus, novellis plus minus furfuraceis; foliis
oblongo-obovatis vel oblongo-ellipticis, oppositis, 5-plinerviis, petiolo
usque ad 1.5 cm longo; floribus 6-meris, terminalibus, calycis dentibus
brevibus.

A glabrous shrub, the young parts excepted, 3 to 4 m high. Branches
and branchlets gray, terete, the youngest branchlets and leaves some-
what furfuraceous, soon becoming quite glabrous. Leaves opposite,
oblong-obovate to oblong-elliptic, coriaceous, somewhat shining, 4 to 6
em long, 1.5 em to 3 em wide, rounded or obtuse, rarely broadly and
obscurely acuminate, base gradually narrowed, acute or acuminate-
decurrent; nerves 5, the outer pair much fainter than the inner three;
petioles 1 to 1.5 cm long. Flowers 6-merous, usually in threes at the
apices of the branchlets, the calyx (in bud) cup-shaped, truncate, about
5 mm long, with 5 minute, obscure teeth, the pedicels 3 to 6 mm long.

In the mossy forest above an altitude of 2,250 m, C. M. Z. 18105.
Manifestly very closely allied to Medinilla whitfordii Merr. (Carionia tripli-
nervia Rolfe), differing from that species chiefly in its much longer petioles.

|
:
|
|
,

THE FLORA OF MOUNT PULOG. 369

ONAGRACEZ.
EPILOBIUM Sadan,

1, E. philippinense C. B. Rob. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 3 (1908) Bot. 209.

In the upper pine region, altitude about 2,000 m, 0. M. Z. 16241, Merrill
6524. :

Known only from the Benguet-Lepanto region; apparently closely allied to
Epilobium himalayense Haussk. of India and southern China.

HALORRHAGACEZ.
HALORRHAGIS Forst.

1. H. micrantha (Thunb.) R. Br. ex Sieb. & Zuec. Fl. Jap. Nat. 1 (1843) 25.

Forming a dense mat in the Igorot footpath through the summit grass lands,
Merrill 6591, McGregor 8841.

On the higher mountains of the Philippines; Himalayan region to China and
Japan, Malaya, Australia, Tasmania, and New Zealand.

ARALIACEAS.
ARALIA Linn.

1. A. hypoleuca Pres] Epim. Bot. (1851) 250.

In the mossy forest above 2,250 m, C. M. Z. 18135, also in gorges in the pine
region at about 2,000 m, C. M. Z. 18112.

Higher mountains of Luzon. Forbes and Hemsley reduce this to A. spinosa
Linn., giving the range of that species as Eastern Asia and Japan, and North
America, from Canada to Texas.

SCHEFFLERA Forst.

1. S. caudata (Vid.) Merr. & Rolfe in Philip. Journ. Sci. 3 (1908) Bot. 118.

Stream depressions in the pine region below 1,200 m, 0. M. Z. 16331.

The specimen has very young flowers, and like most of our material from the
Benguet region, differs slightly from the type; I have, however, detected no specific
differences. Rather widely distributed in the Philippines at medium altitudes;
endemic.

2, S. luzoniensis Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 1 (1906) Suppl. 218.

Mossy forest above 2,250 m, C. M. Z. 18100; previously known only from
Mount Banajao, Luzon.

3. S. microphylla Merr.-1. c.

Mossy forest above 2,250 m, C. M. Z. 18088, Merrill 6564; known only from
the higher mountains of Abra, Lepanto, and Benguet.

4. S. blancoi Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 1 (1906) Suppl. 109.

In stream depressions of the pine region below 1,300 m, C. M. Z. 18207; a
sterile specimen from mossy forest, above 2,250 m, may be the same, 0. M. Z.
18081. —

Medium and higher altitudes on the mountains of Luzon; endemic.

5. Schefflera oblongifolia Merrill sp. nov. § Cephaloschefflera.

Arbuscula vel arbor 4 ad 15 m alta, partibus junioribus exceptis
glabra; foliis longe petiolatis, foliolis 10 ad 12, oblongis, crasse coriaceis,

| ia: hi ee en ae

370 MERRILL AND MERRITT.

? apice breviter acuminatis, basi rotundatis vel subcordatis, usque ad 23
em longis; floribus 5- vel 6-meris, in capitulis globosis dispositis, ebrac-
teolatis ; capitulis circiter 1 cm diametro, racemose dispositis.

A shrub or tree 4 to 15 m high, glabrous, except the very young leaves
and growing tips of the branches which are densely furfuraceous-pubes-
cent. Branches light-gray, thickened. Petioles 30 to 50 cm long;
stipules very thickly coriaceous, almost woody, about 4 cm long; leaflets
digitate, 11 or 12, very thickly coriaceous, usually brownish-yellow when
dry, oblong, 18 to 23 cm long, 5 to 9 cm wide, shining, the apex acu-
minate, the base rounded or subcordate; primary nerves about 12, rather
distinct, anastomosing, the secondary ones often distinct; petiolules
6 to 11 cm long. Flowers in dense globose heads, ebracteolate, 5- or
6-merous. Heads 20 to 40 in each raceme, in fruit reddish or purplish,
about 1 cm in diameter, glabrous, their peduncles 1 to 3 em long;
racemes 40 to 50 cm long, glabrous. Fruits in dense globose heads,
5 to 6 mm long, about 40 in each head, glabrous, narrowly obovoid,
shortly 5- or 6-angled, the apical portion subconical, 5- or 6-sulcate,
5- or 6-celled; seeds narrowly oblong, flattened, 3.5 to 4 mm long.

In the mossy forest above 2,250 m, For. Bur. 18126 Curran, Merritt, &
Zschokke, January 7, 1909 (type). I refer to the same species the following
specimens: Province of Benguet, near Baguio, Loher 3589, For. Bur. 18321 Al-
varez, Williams 1305, Elmer 8693; Mount Tonglon, For. Bur. 14404 Darling:
Province of Bataan, Mount Mariveles, Merrill 3847. It is known to the Igorots
of Benguet as colamot.

This species is allied to Schefflera blancoi Merr., and the last number cited was
previously referred by me to that species. It is, however, very distinct from
8. blancoi, differing in its more numerous, larger, more coriaceous leaflets, its
much longer and glabrous racemes, much more numerous, smaller glabrous heads
and other characters. Schefflera blancoi has subglobose to ellipsoid heads 2 to 3
em long, from 5 to 10 heads in a raceme, the racemes short, paniculately disposed,
the branches, and especially the heads furfuraceous-pubescent.

UMBELLIFERAE.
HYDROCOTYLE Linn.

l. H. rotundifolia Roxb. Fl. Ind. 2 (1832) 88.

Lower borders of the mossy forest and in the upper pine region, C. M. Z.
16086, Merrill 6537.

Abundant in the Benguet-Lepanto region; mountains of India and Ceylon to
southern China and Formosa, Malaya, and tropical Africa.

If the synonymy as given by C. B. Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 2 (1879)
668 is correct, then the oldest valid name for this species is H. nitidula A. Rich.
Monog. Hydrocot. (1820) no. 35, f. 33. The first use of the specific name
rotundifolia by Roxburgh (1814), is a nomen nudum. H. rotundifolia Roxb. as
interpreted by C. B. Clarke includes the two Philippine species recently described
by Mr. Elmer, H. benguetensis and H. delicata.

[To be continued. |

JUST ISSUED.

THE SUGAR INDUSTRY IN THE ISLAND OF NEGROS

By HERBERT S. WALKER.

145 pages, 10 photographie plates, and 1 map.

Introduction ............
General information regarding Negros

The

The

Price $1.25, United States currency, postpaid.

CONTENTS.

Geographical location ~..........-.---------1-:ccescececeeeee coe coee cose nnenennenennenen ene

Size, shape, and aread.............-.--.....--ecceceeceneseescese centeeneaneennenceenaeat +n alo EE

Teg stint ht Ee Tr

Rivere: Gas CAIRO O ee sey SP

Climate 224.4. pangs cpcceneccenecas~ -<teenapensoi Gleam eile tie =< gas copier > =e
The Hight Deh B.C coat eee eee

The Cac twee ties. oie bacsgoicn- neon copies

Other sugar-producing districts of Negras.

History of sugar production in NegroS............---.-21-:------eeceeseeeccee sere sce eeeeneeeeees
Recent statistics. <.c.c otc cnc. 2m nc cae srcn see seni neta cet anew er monecekensen t= nenewannnen

Varieties of cane grown in Negros

(lame cisenses and insect Greiineece se cri acetgacskcs cess nnn ec erence nakneerenesaddenawesees

Nationality of the planters

Native labor: Difficulties, past and present...........-.------------------------+-eereeeeeess
principal sugar-producing districts of Negros... ..-----------sees-sreee eee

esi rvsck on <nsnanen sino

Bago
Pontevedra-La Carlota ....-...---..:sscss0--0 fh

Binalbagan-Isabela
Tlog-Cabancalan _ .........-...----------ssesesesceeoeees

San Carlos Soo

SRE Se: SS aS Aenea see
soil of Negros compared with that of other sugar- sondualie countries...
Average composition of the NN co nanan nan dip meinen

pwstaTh BOLIS - .....-...20.icsssstenae

Egyptian soils ...........---.--sscesceececsesesneeceensennnnencnsnanenentecnes
ce haat te) Deh npr an eect y Er a

nS, ccccmpepeaee: trees seaeaPeemnguascnsavencare ceacennssomes auchuener saute

Demerara soils enes ata gees ce ate eta Seca
Berbice soils .... wn cana ae cc ee ca cevvecextaomat

Mauritius s0ils................-----------csctesceacseesnennrsessessneensensccscesetnsennenenanennenseeesaeaas saree
Comparison of Negros soils with those of other countries..................-.----

Fertilization in Negros

37
43

~ 7 i le — wie so Wy eS eT 2 a ee oe sa we eee ee
Z > 1 ‘i *
? »

Order No, 412,

Page
eR ERR eer lat Sons Sa CRN RO 76
Average composition of the purple or native sugar cane in Negros.......... 76
Other varieties of cane grown in Negros.................----- picicirtlatienmensestysannids 77
Cane in the Hawaiian Islands...........................:..00-++- 79
fT Gen cPLA ee ATC 80
Java cane .... Pi ecnsaMicss laste tania SRNR vgn A 80
pO PREY ERE Ce YO =a ee. see 80
UT RNR EE ONIN iach A a sey nae ccd neds patie fisnssrvntiquans ica Ubi picbedicaiep tate ett aba 81
Negros as compared with other countries in pi cay to the quality of
RTOS . . ccsdedsceccaticatanscel sit 81
Desirability of introducing other varieties ‘of cane 81
The cultivation of sugar cane and the production of sugar as carried on
at the present time in Negros............ ai calleaias 82
Preparation of the soil.................... : 82
Preparation of the seed...............-...0--+- ot 83
PN wens fete os ewsccahisintsbtsalltagcosenenbemceniniisenisnen ok 83
Cultural operations after planting................ oe 84
RPMI OR UU, I ss cc ions nscgancaonns clos Saeie cies 85
Period of growth of the cane......................-.--- * 86
TIE WERUIIROND sicecictitossssstcksccensnes veiirchadtins esters ntcensedseliliglecabelibeniedscibmmenta 7
Cutting the cane aie 90
Transporting the cane to the mill........................ dite 91
Cost of cutting the cane and transporting it to the mill................. 92
Manufacture of sugar from the cane..............2...0.20200.0.20-. 92
SUN NOCAIOOL OE SIN FU ao anno ncn ncn sein tdecncn sven snct ae 92
Manufacture of sugar from the juice. ...................--cecsssscsssnecssceossssccoreresce 99
Quality of the sugar produced in Negros...................-.-:sssccccesscesssesseeeeeeoes 109
I tts PUMMUN MERON RNIN psc btiasci ernst ck pick Lae anaseedieapenn-cnshinoncerneniiianabeamiblaanaks cunsansig 112
Transportation and sale of the sugar...................-.-:-scscsssssscecssessesseersesecersense 113
Estimate of average cost of same 114
Quantitative experiments to determine the weight of sugar. produced
OR GEV OTY WOLD Oe OTIS ost 5 ion 5c; cee cbaliensrsees bes 114,
Mill Control No. 1, hacienda San Jose............ eK
Mall “Control No. 2, Hacienda San Jose:yc......2::...- aa ek le 118
Calculation of the average cost of producing sugar in Negros by the
methods now employed ............ er 123
Cost for labor alone 128
Estimate of fixed charges for maintenance and depreciation of plant
and interest on the capital invested as 125
Total cost of production .... sth.tvstshe «thantanctanaetlllane | <nibiitiend 126
; Possibilities for improvement.................-.----...- Sciacca leas win secliial 126
; WUE MEMUL YOUNG © cise pec aaa hc iceit sacs anne saa d= SI ecg 126
i DOMMES > os ccsdtl cet voawaga rhe do be avccsvveteeeeees von veecerca beige br |
Advantages of a change to modern methods of manufacture....-sso-----.- 132
% Meme LCGALG OF TGR ain ice chahieh ass Gas pee von peeninees 133
4 RE ann sitcasilap pr kanbicneciciDghsie wesdinsioet saath 134
6 A, eR i a 139
x An investigation to discover if diseases of the sugar cane exist in
PO nnvnea ne ceccenzaiian Grinirtrs esasecubchrn cnresvesdpebellteabs aa toenr~se+ey~- ailigteni aaa igaaeditsbenet 139
| I Ta ti enfin a-qsen nian cose idweenen swssinciidbbilesinstnnsaastaeshellinasiNeecdts sivas tallitaaibea digit tivadsy hase sied 143
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THE FLORA OF MOUNT PULOG.

(Concluded. )

By E. D. Merritt and M. L. Merrirr.

(From the Botanical Section of the Biological Laboratory, Bureau of Science, and
from the Bureau of Forestry, Manila, P. 1.)

CLETHRACE.
CLETHRA Linn.

1, C. luzonica Merr. in Govt. Lab. Publ. (Philip.) 29 (1905) 38.

Extending from the lower to the upper limits of the mossy forest, and one of
the characteristic trees of this formation, C. WV. Z. 18055, 18067, 18086, McGregor
8860, Merrill 6576.

‘Common at higher altitudes throughout the Benguet-Lepanto region; endemic.
Ig., amogk.

ERICACEA.
DIPLYCOSIA Blume.

\

1, D. luzonica (A. Gray) Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sei. 2 (1907) Bot. 293,
1. ec. 3 (1908) 378.

Mossy forest, extending to its upper limits, C. MW. Z. 18048.

Higher mountains of northern and central Luzon, also in Mindanao; endemic.

RHODODENDRON Linn.

1, R. subsessile Rendle in Journ. Bot. 34 (1896) 357; Merr. in Philip. Journ.
Sei. 3 (1908) Bot. 379.

In ravines, pine region below the mossy forest, OC. M. Z, 18172, and also on
exposed grass-covered slopes of the summit, above the mossy forest, a depauperate
form, C. M. Z. 18035.
Higher altitudes of the Benguet-Lepanto region, apparently closely allied to the
Formosan 7’. oldhami Maxim.; endemic.

97605 7 . 371

ore MERRILL AND MERRITT.

VACCINIUM Linn.

1. V. barandanum Vid. Rev. Pl. Vase. Filip. (1886) 169; Merr. in Philip.
Journ. Sci. 3 (1908) Bot. 376.

Common throughout the mossy forest, OC. M. Z. 16073, 18058, 18096. Ig., lusong.

Higher mountains of the Benguet-Lepanto region, also on Mount Halcon, Min-
doro; endemic.

2. V. benguetense Vid. |. c. 168; Merr. 1. c. 376.

In ravines, pine region, altitude about 1,200 m, C. M. Z. 18206.

Medium altitudes in the Benguet-Lepanto region, and also on Mount Tapulao,
Zambales, and in Mindoro; endemic.

3. V. villarii Vid. 1. ec. 166; Merr, 1. ¢. 374.

On rock outerdppings, open grass lands of the summit, C. M. Z. 16177.

Common at higher altitudes on the mountains from northern Luzon to south-
eastern Mindanao; endemic.

MYRSINACEZ.
MAESA Forsk.

1. M. denticulata Mez in Engl. Pflanzenreich 9 (1902) 48.
Stream depressions in the pine region, altitude about 1,400 m, C. M. Z. 18174.
Common and widely distributed in the Philippines at low and medium alti-

tudes; endemic.
ARDISIA Sw.

1. A. crispa (Thunb.) A. DC. in Trans. Linn. Soe. 17 (1834) 124, Prodr. 8
(1844) 134; Mez l. ec. 144.

Stream depressions in the pine region, altitude about 1,500 m, C. M. Z. 18170.

Known in the Philippines only from the Benguet-Lepanto region; India to
China and Japan, southward to Java, Sumatra, and Borneo.

2. A. pardalina Mez in Engl. Pflanzenreich 9 (1902) 148.

In the mossy forest above 2,250 m altitude, 0. M. Z. 18130, 18141, Merrill
6556.

At higher altitudes, Luzon to Mindanao; endemic.

3. Ardisia curtipes Merrill sp. nov. § Pyrgus.

Frutex vel arbor parvus, 3 ad 5 m altus, subglaber; foliis optime
pseudo-verticillatis, elliptico-lanceolatis vel obovato-oblanceolatis, usque ad
11 cm longis, subintegris vel leviter denticulatis, acutis vel acuminatis ;
petiolo 5 ad 10 mm longo; paniculis plus minus exsertis, minutissime
ferrugineo-puberulis, glabrescentibus.

An erect shrub or small tree 3 to 5 m high, nearly glabrous throughout.
Branches terete, striate, glabrous, brownish. Leaves pseudoverticillate,
elliptic-lanceolate to obovate-oblanceolate, chartaceous, 6 to 11 cm long,
1.8 to 4 em wide, glabrous, shining, the margins entire or minutely
denticulate, the apex acute or acuminate, base narrowed, cuneate; nerves
8 to 10 on each side of the midrib, distinct beneath, the reticulations,
prominent; petioles 5 to 10 mm long. Panicles terminal, exceeding the
leaves, bipinnate, at first very minutely ferruginous-puberulent, becoming

THE FLORA OF MOUNT PULOG. 373

quite glabrous. Flowers red or pink, subumbellately disposed at the
ends of the ultimate branchlets, their pedicels about 1 cm long. Sepals
broadly orbicular-ovate, acute, glandular-punctate throughout, about 2
mm long and wide, imbricate, their margins very minutely puberulent or
glabrous. Corolla-lobes elliptic-ovate or ovate, about 5.5 mm long, 3 mm
wide, blunt, sparingly glandular-punctate in the upper part, the base
rounded or subauriculate, imbricate, the tube less than 1 mm long.
Anthers 3 mm long, apiculate, the filaments very short. Ovary fer-
ruginous-puberulent at the apex; style 4 to 5 mm long. Fruit subglobose
or ovoid, about 1 cm in diameter, reddish, becoming dark-purple when
mature, apiculate. ‘

Confined to the mossy forest above an altitude of 2,250 m, OC. M. Z. 18098,
18097, 18137 (type), McGregor 8827 ; also represented by the following specimens:
District of Lepanto, Mount Data, Merrill 4496, Bur. Sci. 5956 Ramos: Province
of Benguet, Pauai, Bur. Sci. 4402, 4409 Mearns, Bur. Sci. 8489 McGregor, all the
above specimens from similar habitats as those from Mount Pulog.

This species is manifestly very closely allied to Ardisia serrata (Cav.) Pers.,
which is widely distributed at low and medium altitudes in the Philippines;
A. curtipes, however, differs constantly in its much smaller leaves, and in its
shorter petioles, and accordingly is here separated from A. serrata. It is possible
that the differentiating characters may be due to habitat, but, so far as our
collections show, intermediate forms are not represented.

DISCOCALYX Mez.

1. D. philippinensis (A. DC.) Mez in Engl. Pflanzenreich 9 (1902) 212.

In the mossy forest, altitude above 2,250 m, C. M. Z. 18138.

Widely distributed in the Benguet-Lepanto region, and on other mountains in
Luzon; the type (Cuming 1385) came from the Province of Nueva Ecija, Luzon,
according to Cuming’s own list of localities; endemic.

LOHERIA Merrill gen. nov.

Flores reductione sexus alterius unisexuales dioici, 4- vel rariter
5-meri. Sepala ut videtur imbricata, per anthesin aperta, basi usque
ad medium partem connata, glabra, vix vel pauce punctata. Petala basi
breviter (0.5 mm) connata, glabra, supra prominente punctato-glan-
dulosa, per anthesin reflexa, apice emarginata. Stamina petalis bene
breviora; filamentis latis, prope basim petalis affixa, quam antherae paulo
longioribus ; antheris birimose dehiscentibus, basifixis, late triangularibus,
acutis. Ovarium glabrum, ovoideum; stylo crasso, quam ovarium paulo
longiore; stigmate discoideo, lato. Placenta prope apicem uniseriatim
4-ovulata. Fructus globosus, monospermus. Semen globosum, albumine
valde ruminato. Frutex parvus, erectus vix ramosus; foliis alternis,
amplis, breviter petiolatis, integerrimis, minute puncticulatis versus
caulis apicem dense congestis. Paniculae 1 ad 5, basi bracteis numerosis
scariosis congestis subtensae in ramis specialibus axillaribus crassis apice
cicatricosis suffultis.

374 MERRILL AND MERRITT.

Loheria bracteata Merrill sp. nov.

Frutex erectus vix ramosus glaber, 1 ad 3 m altus; foliis subcoriaceis,
glabris, oblongo-obovatis vel late oblanceolatis, usque ad 32 cm longis,
apice acutis, breviter late acuminatis, vel rotundatis; nervis utrinque
circiter 15, prominentibus; paniculis glabris, 5 ad 8 em longis, in ramis
specialibus, floribus racemoso-dispositis, tetrameris vel pentameris.

An erect, glabrous, unbranched shrub 1.5 to 3 m high, the upper
portions of the stems stout, brown, 1 cm in diameter. Leaves alternate,
crowded at the apex of the trunk, oblong-obovate to broadly oblanceolate,
subcoriaceous, 18 to 32 cm long, 5 to 10 cm wide, entire, smooth and
shining when dry, glabrous, the apex blunt, acute, or shortly and broadly
acuminate, sometimes rounded, gradually narrowed from above the middle
to the base which is narrow and abruptly rounded, the lower surface with
scattered, brownish, rounded glands; nerves about 15 on each side of the
midrib, somewhat ascending, very prominent on both surfaces, anasto-
mosing, the reticulations rather lax, distinct; petioles very stout, 1 em
long or less, sometimes nearly obsolete, 5 to 7 mm wide. Special branches
bearing the inflorescence axillary, up to 5 or more on each trunk, stout,
simple, terete, 2 to 4 em long, the apical portions thickened and bearing
numerous scars of fallen bracts, leafless or sometimes with a single much-
reduced leaf, bearing at their apices numerous, many seriate, imbricate,
oblong, scarious, membranaceous or chartaceous bracts 1 to 1.8 cm long,
colored when fresh, usually brown when dry, forming a prominent
involucre at the base of the panicle or panicles. Panicles one to five from
the apices of the special branches, 5 to 8 cm long, glabrous, the primary
branches few, mostly 1 cm long or less, spreading, the flowers racemosely
disposed, comparatively few, their pedicels 1 to 2 mm long. Flowers
apparently pink, 4- rarely 5-merous. Sepals broadly triangular-ovate,
acute, about 1 mm long, spreading in anthesis, united for the lower
one-half, glabrous, with very few scatered glands or the glands entirely
wanting. Petals 4, rarely 5, oblong-elliptic, reflexed from the middle
in anthesis, the apex irregularly emarginate, about 3 mm long, 1.2
mm wide, prominently glandular in the upper:one-half, the lower 0.5
mm united, forming a short tube. Disk obscure. Stamens 4, rarely 5,
opposite and attached to the base of the petals, the filaments nearly 1
mm long; anthers in the 2 flowers rudimentary, broadly triangular, acute,
basifixed, the base broad, somewhat sagittate, shorter than the filaments,
opening by two marginal, somewhat introrse slits. Ovary ovoid, with
four ovules immersed in the apex of the placenta; style 1.5 to 2 mm long,
rather stout, somewhat longer then the ovary; stigma disciform. Fruit
globose, 7 mm in diameter when fresh, red, 1-seeded, tipped by the
remains of the style. Albumen prominently ruminate.

In the mossy forest above an altitude of 2,250 m, For. Bur. 18083 Curran,
Zschokke, & Merritt, January, 1909, with Q flowers and immature fruit ( type),

THE FLORA OF MOUNT PULOG. 375

Suyoe to Pauai, Merrill 4783, November 7, 1907, with mature fruit: District of
Lepanto, Mount Data, Loher 3817, only leaves seen.

This proposed new genus is probably most closely allied to Discocalyx Mez,
from which it differs in its quite different flowers, notably in its triangular
anthers, which are not sessile but which are borne on distinct filaments, its
reflexed petals, and also in its seeds having a prominently ruminate albamen.
In habit it is also quite different from most species of Discocalyx#, but some species
of the latter genus have their panicles borne on special axillary branches.

_ Loheria bracteata almost certainly includes, in part, the species described by
Mez as Embelia porteana,” but the type of that species is interpreted by me as
being the specimen collected by Porte, from which the specific name was taken.
There is in our herbarium a specimen of Loher 3817, consisting of leaves only,
which was identified by Mr. Rolfe at Kew as “Ardisia=Vidal 1771”. This speci-
men is without doubt identical with the material on which the above generic and
specific description of Loheria bracteata is based. Mez cites in the description
of Embelia porteana two specimens, as follows: “Philippinen: Luzon bei Manilla
(Porte), bei Leponto [Lepanto] (Com. Flor, forest. Filip. n. 1771).—Herb. Leiden,
Paris.” The latter specimen, Vidal 1771, was from the District of Lepanto, the
same region from which the other specimens of Loheria bracteata were secured.
Mr. Rolfe has kindly reéxamined the material in the Kew Herbarium, and informs
me that the specimen of Vidal 1771 is in fruit, and that Loher 3817, in flower,
appears to represent the same species. Vidal gives the Igorot name as gubgubao.

Embelia porteana Mez, as described, is a very characteristic species, but in our
extensive collections from all parts of the Philippines I could find no specimen
that agreed perfectly with the description, but the material cited above had been
tentatively referred to it, partly on the description and partly on the basis of
Loher’s specimen identified at Kew as equaling Vidal 1771; at the same time
another series of specimens from Mindoro and Polillo that also agreed with the
description in many particulars, but which represented a species quite distinct
from the Benguet-Lepanto form, was placed with Embelia porteana Mez. After a
careful study of all the material available here I was forced to come to the
conclusion that Hmbelia porteana Mez is a composite species based on two quite
‘different plants, although forms having somewhat similar gross characters and
habit. In order more definitely to determine the matter two specimens, represent-
ing the two forms I had identified as E. porteana Mez, were sent to M. Gagnepain,
of the Museum of Natural History, Paris, for comparison with Porte’s specimen,
the type of Mez’s species. The specimens sent were For. Bur. 18083 Curran,
Merritt, & ZAschokke, cited above, the high mountain form from the Benguet-
Lepanto region, and Bur. Sei. 10411 McGregor, a low-country form from Polillo.
The difficulties in the identification of Hmbelia porteana Mez were pointed out,
with the suggestion that the species was probably based on a mixture of two
different forms, and that the Polillo plant, representing the low country form,
and which agreed in the most essential characters with Mez’s description, would
probably more closely match Porte’s specimen. It was not at all probable that
Porte was able to penetrate the interior of northern Luzon at the time of his
visit to the Philippines (1864), the Lepanto region being at that time rather
inaccesible. M. Gagnepain has kindly made the desired comparison, and writes
as follows:

“Le Muséum ne posséde de cette espece [Embelia Porteana Mez] qu’ une feuille
eassée & la naissance du limbe (il est impossible done de dire si elle est pétiolée) ,
plus 2 inflorescences détachées.

® Pflanzenreich 9 (1902) 302.

Pete ao

376 MERRILL AND MERRITT.

“Quant a la localité précise je ne puis vous la donner pour la raison que
létiquette de collecteur manque et que I’étiquette du déterminateur, Ad. Brong-
niart, est libellée ainsi, sans autre indication: ‘Choripetalum Porteanum Ad. Br.
spec. nov. Manille - Porte, 1864.’ ”

As a result of the comparison M. Gagnepain reports that Hmbelia porteana
Mez, that is, Porte’s specimen, is matched very closely by the foliage of Bur. Sci.
10411 McGregor, even to the oblong transparent glands of the leaves, except that
the leaves are slightly larger (30 by 10 cm, in the type 22 by 6.5 cm), but that
the inflorescence is somewhat different in that the flowers are umbellate at the
extremities of the secondary branches of the inflorescence, and the sepals are
acuminate, but that For. Bur. 18083 Curran, Merritt, & Zschokke, represents a
quite different species. He suggests that the flowers and leaves of Porte’s specimen
may have come from separate plants.

I have very little doubt, however, but that Mr. MeGregor’s specimen really
represents Hmbelia porteana Mez, for on reéxamination of our material I find that
the sepals are sometimes acute or even blunt, and that the flowers are in part
subumbellate and in part racemose. The specimen agrees not only in leaf-
characters with Porte’s plant, as determined by M. Gagnepain, but also with
Mez’s description as to the puberulent inflorescence, size of the flowers, ciliolate
and puncticulate sepals, and characters of the petals and stamens. Mez has
deseribed the species as having 3-merous flowers, but on our material 4-merous
flowers are the rule, with occasional 3-merous and occasional 5-merous ones in
the same inflorescence; the hurried sketch of a single flower supplied by M. Gagne-
pain, taken from Porte’s specimen, shows a 4-merous one.

If I am correct in my assumption that two distinct forms are included in the
original description of Hmbelia porteana Mez, then the diagnosis of that species
must be corrected as follows:

Delete: (Folia) . . . apice acumine brevissimo peracutoque impositi rotundata
. Subcoriacea .. . utrinque optime prominenti-reticulata, punctulis minutis
atris co conspersa.... Bacca optime carnosa, crasse ellipsoidea, 5 mm diam.,

apice stylo persistente crasso brevique in stigma disciforme desinente valde api-
culata.

Add: An erect, unbranched shrub 0.5 to 0.8 m high, the stems terete, glabrous,
brown, nearly 1 cm in diameter at the apex. Leaves alternate, crowded at the
apices of the stems, chartaceous, broadly oblong-oblanceolate to narrowly elliptic-
lanceolate, 20 to 30 em long, 5.5 to 10 em wide, glabrous except for the very
numerous, minute, obscure, brown or pale, lepidote scales beneath, with no black
dots, but with numerous transparent, oblong glands in transmitted light, entire
or obscurely toothed, brown when dry, scarcely shining, the apex rather abruptly
and sharply subcaudate acuminate, narrowed below to the narrow and abruptly
rounded base which is at most 1.5 cm in width; nerves 16 to 18 on each side of
the midrib, ascending, anastomosing, prominent beneath, not prominent on the
upper surface, the reticulations lax, nearly or quite obsolete on the upper surface ;
petioles stout, 1 cm long or less, often nearly obsolete, the stem among and im-
mediately below the leaves with numerous, imbricate, scarious, membranaceous,
lanceolate, acuminate, brown bracts (scarcely stipules) 1 to 4 em in length.
Panicles few, solitary, slender, in the upper axils, including the peduncles 9 cm
long or less, bipinnately paniculate, the peduncles slender, up to 6 cm in length,
the primary branches about 1 cm long, the flowers racemosely or subumbellately
arranged, their pedicels up to 2.5 mm in length. Staminate flowers yellowish, 2
mm long, 4-merous, rarely 3-merous or 5-merous.

As interpreted by me, this species is represented by the type, collected by
Porte (Paris Herbarium), and by the following specimens: MrNnporo, south of

THE FLORA OF MOUNT PULOG. 377

Lake Naujan, in forests at an altitude of about 8 m, For. Bur. 6886 Merritt,
April, 1907, with staminate flowers. PoLmLLo, in forests, Bur, Sci. 10411 Me-
Gregor, October, 1909, staminate flowers. A form with broader leaves (11 em),
their margins distinctly sinuate-dentate is represented by a specimen from MIN-
poro, Alag River, Merrill 5743, November, 1906, in forests at an altitude of
about 140 m, with immature fruit.

Embelia porteana Mez, if the species has been correctly interpreted by me, is
so distinct in habit from all others of the genus, and differs also in its anthers
being basifixed, gradually merging with the filaments, and opening by terminal
or subterminal pores, that I am of the opinion that the section should be raised
to generic rank. Before taking this step, however, it will be advisable to make a
very careful examination of Porte’s specimen, and a critical comparison of the
same with recently collected material, because Doctor Mez gives two characters,
undoubtedly taken from Porte’s specimen, that I have been unable to observe in
the material I have referred to Embelia porteana; these characters are the rudi-
mentary ovary in the staminate flower, which is quite wanting in our two
specimens, and the anthers glandular on the back, which also does not apply to
our material.

The specimen collected by Porte, although undoubtedly Philippine, was in all
probability not collected near Manila. I have no information as to the regions
visited by Porte, and, at least in the case of the present species, no definite local-
ities are given on his labels. Judging from other species collected by him in the
Philippines, he may have botanized in Mindoro, or in parts of Luzon opposite to
that island.

Loheria is named in honor of Mr. A. Loher, well known for his extensive col-
lections of Philippine plants. It is a monotypic genus confined to the mossy
forests of the mountains of northern Luzon above an altitude of 2,000 m. Hmbelia
porteana Mez, on the other hand, is found in more or less humid forests in the
low country, from about sea level to an altitude of about 150 m.

EMBELIA Burm.

1. E. philippinensis A. DC. Prodr. 8 (1844) 83; Mez l. ec. 306.
In the mossy forest above an altitude of 2,250 m, McGregor 8812, Merrill 6559.
Widely distributed in the Philippines; endemic. The above specimens differ
slightly from the original form of the species, chiefly in the pedicels exceeding the
bracteoles in length.
; RAPANEA Aubl.

1. R. philippinensis (A. DC.) Mez in Engl. Pflanzenreich 9 (1902) 364.

In the mossy forest above an altitude of 2,250 m, OC. M. Z. 18038, 18139.

Widely distributed in the Philippines, especially at higher altitudes, although
in some localities found near sea level; endemic.

PRIMULACE.
LYSI MACH 1A (Tourn.) Linn.

1. L. ramosa Wall. Cat. (1828) no. 1490, nomen; Duby in DC. Prodr. 8
(1844) 65. \

In the mossy forest above an altitude of 2,250 m, C. M. Z. 16099.

Known in the Philippines only from high altitudes in the Benguet-Lepanto
region and from Mount Halcon, Mindoro; Himalayan region, Khasia Mountains,
Burma, and Java, ;

ae

.
x

re,

2a

378 MERRILL AND MERRITT.

SYMPLOCACEZ.
SYMPLOCOS. Linn.

1. S. depauperata Merr. in Govt. Lab. Publ. 29 (1905) 45.

Abundant and widely distributed in the mossy forest, C. M. Z. 18059, 18075,
18107, McGregor 8829, 8895.

At higher altitudes in the Benguet-Lepanto region, a variety in the mountains
of Panay; endemic.

2. S. imbricata Brand in Philip. Journ. Sci. 4 (1909) Bot. 108.

In the mossy forest, altitude above 2,300 m, 0. M. Z. 18091, Merrill 6584.

Known only from the mountains of Benguet and Zambales Provinces, Luzon.

3. S. whitfordii Brand |. c. 3 (1908) Bot. 8.

In the mossy forest, above an altitude of 2,300 m, C. M. Z. 16330, 18089.

Previously known only from Mount Banajao, Luzon.

OLEACEE.
JASMINUM Linn.

1. J. aculeatum (Blanco) Walp. in Linnaea 16, Litterb. o 223° Hasek, in
Flora 47 (1864) 50.

In the pine region, altitude below 1,500 m, ©. M. Z. 18191; the specimen is
sterile but is apparently referable here. |

Widely distributed in the Philippines but local; endemic.

LOGANIACE.
BUDDLEIA L.

1. B. asiatica Lour. Fl. Cochinch. (1790) 72.

In the upper pine region, C. M. Z. 18157.

Widely distributed in the Philippines at low and medium altitudes; India to
China and Malaya.

GENTIANACEZ.
GENTIANA Linn.

1. G. luzoniensis Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 1 (1906) Suppl. 224.

Abundant in the open grass lands of the summit, flower open only when the
sun is shining, C. M. Z. 16098, Merrill 6617, Mctiregor 8892.

Known only from Mount Data, in Lepanto, and Pauai, in Benguet, with a
very closely allied, if not identical form on Mount Banajao, Laguna. The speci-
mens cited above, as well as others recently collected at Pauai are much taller
than the type, but are manifestly the same species.

SWERTIA Linn.

1. S. decurrens ©. B. Rob. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 3 (1908) Bot. 214.
On grass covered slopes in the upper pine region, OC. M. Z. 16169.
Known only from high altitudes in the Benguet region.

THE FLORA OF MOUNT PULOG. 379°

ASCLEPIADACE®.
SARCOSTEMMA R. Br.

1. S. brunonianum W. & A. in Wight Contrib. (1834) 59; Ic, t. 1282.

Habitat not given, probably in stream depressions in the pine region, C. M. Z.
16035; also represented by two other collections from Benguet Province, Bur. Sci.
3487 Mearns, Elmer 5991.

This species has been identified by comparison with descriptions and figures.
only, and I can detect no characters by which it can, be separated from the Indian
form; Deccan Peninsula, India, ascending to 1,300 m in the Nilgherry Mountains,
and Ceylon.

TYLOPHORA R. Br.

1. oT. 8p

Pine region below 1,300 m, C. M. Z. 16093.

Probably an undescribed species, apparently allied to T'ylophora elmeri Schltr.

HOYA R. Br.

1. H. cumingiana Dene. in DC. Prodr. 8 (1844) 636.

On boulders in stream depressions in the pine region, altitude 1,200 m, CO. M. Z.
16094, Merrill 6352.

Endemic; very closely allied to H. densifolia Turez., of Java, and the latter
species perhaps not specifically distinct. See Backer Ie. Bogor. 3 (1908) 157,
t. 257.

CONVOLVULACE.
IPOMOEA Linn.

1. I. batatas (linn,) Poir. in Lam. Enecyel. 6 (1804) 14.

Extensively cultivated by the Igorots throughout the area below the lower
limits of the mossy forest, OC. MW. Z. 18158.

Tropical and subtemperate parts of the world; extensively cultivated. The
sweet potato.

BORAGINACEZ2.
EHRETIA Linn.

l. E. philippinensis A. DC. Prodr. 9 (1845) 504.

In stream depressions, pine region, altitude about 1,500 m, C. M. Z, 18198.

An endemic species widely distributed in the Philippines at low and medium
altitudes; perhaps not specifically distinct from the widely distributed Indo-
Malayan-Australian EH. laevis Roxb. ~

TOURNEFORTIA Linn.

1. T. horsfieldii Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. 2 (1857) 927.
In the pine region, altitude about 1,500 m, C. M. Z. 16103.
At medium altitudes in Luzon; Malaya.

CYNOGLOSSUM Tourn.

1. C. fureatum Wall. in Roxb. Fl. Ind. 2 (1824) 6.

In stream depressions, pine region, altitude about 1,500 m, C. M. Z. 16332.

In the Philippines known only from the Benguet-Lepanto region; Afghanistan
to India, Ceylon, China, and Japan.

_

380 MERRILL AND MERRITT.

‘

VERBENACEZ.
- | PREMNA Linn.

1. P. odorata Blanco FI. Filip. (1837) 488.
In stream depressions, altitude about 1,200 m, 0. M. Z. 18220.
Abundant and widely distributed in the Philippines at low altitudes; endemic.

CALLICARPA Linn.

1. C. caudata Maxim. in Bull. Acad. Pétersb. 31 (1887) 76.

In the pine region, altitude about 1,700 m, C. M. Z. 18163, and apparently also
O. M. Z. 18127, a less tomentose form, from the mossy forest.

Widely distributed at higher altitudes in the Philippines; endemic.

2. Callicarpa. stenophylla Merrill sp. nov.

Arbuscula 3 ad 4 m alta, ramis gracilibus, teretibus, glabris, ramulis
densissime. stellato-pubescentibus; foliis lanceolatis vel anguste lanceo-
latis, usque ad 15 cm longis, 1 ad 2 cm latis, denticulatis, sensim longe
subeaudato-acuminatis, supra subglabris vel pilis brevibus simplicibus
praeditis, subtus minutissime glandulosis et plus minus dense stellato-
tomentosis; floribus brevibus, tetrameris.

A shrub 3 to 4 m high, the young branchlets densely stellate-pubescent,
the leaves beneath more or less densely and simply (not plumose)
stellate-pubescent. Branches slender, terete, glabrous, grayish- or red-
dish-brown. Leaves lanceolate or narrowly lanceolate, membranaceous

or chartaceous, 7 to 15 cm long, 1 to 2 cm wide, straight or somewhat

faleate, the upper surface subglabrous, or with scattered, very short,
simple hairs, the lower surface with numerous, very minute, dark-
colored, yellow, or reddish glands, and also more or less densely pubescent
with rather pale or brownish, stellately arranged hairs, the margins
denticulate, the base acute, the apex gradually and slenderly long-
acuminate; nerves about 9 on each side of the midrib, curved-ascending,
anastomosing; petioles stellate-pubescent, 2 to 4 mm long. Cymes
axillary, solitary, about 2 cm long, 2 to 2.5 cm wide, rather dense,
stellate-pubescent, the bracts subtending the primary branches linear-
lanceolate, 3 mm long, the bracteoles similar, 1 mm long, the pedicels
very short. Calyx nearly glabrous, about 1 mm long, cup-shaped,
obscurely 4-angled, and with 4 short teeth. Corolla 2 mm long, sub-
equally 4-lobed, the lobes rounded, 0.4 mm long. Filaments exserted, 3
mm long; anthers ellipsoid, 0.3 mm in length. Fruit purple, globose,
about 1.5 mm in diameter when dry.

In the pine region, altitude about 1,800 m, 0. M. Z. 18162. The type of the
species is Bur, Sci. 5739 Ramos, from the Sablan River, near Baguio, Benguet, and
it is also represented by Bur. Sci. 5790 Ramos, probably from the same locality,
and For. Bur. 16574 Darling, from the District of Lepanto, Mount Malaya, alti-
tude about 1,500 m.

THE FLORA OF MOUNT PULOG. 381

Probably most closely allied to Callicarpa caudata Maxim., differing in its less
dense and simply stellate, not plumose-stellate indumentum. It is well charac-
terized by its narrow_leaves which are very long and slenderly acuminate.

LABIATAL,
SCUTELLARIA Linn.

1. S. luzonica Rolfe in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 21 (1884) 315.

_ In the mossy forest, Merrill 6549, McGregor 8887, above 2,250 m altitude; also
in stream depressions, altitude 1,450 m, C. M. Z. 16070. :

Widely distributed at higher altitudes in the Benguet-Lepanto region, and occur-
ring on the mountains southward; Formosa.

When writing the original description Mr. Rolfe had two specimens collected
by Lobb in Luzon, and the material above cited agrees with the specimen designated
by him in the Kew herbarium as the type; the other specimen of Lobb’s is the small-
leaved form recently described by Mr. Elmer as Scutellaria marivelensis (Leafl.
Philip. Bot. 2 (1908) 516). Intermediate forms occur, and I am disposed to
consider 8. marivelensis Elm. to be only a form of 8. luzonica Rolfe with reduced
leaves. Scutellaria russeliaefolia Vatke Bot. Zeit. 30 (1872) 716, based on a
specimen collected by Jagor in Luzon, the type of which I have seen in the Berlin
Herbarium, is also closely allied to 8. luzonica, and may prove to be only a large-
leaved form of the latter. Merrill 3925 from Mount Arayat, Luzon, consists of
material that, so far as the leaves are concerned, shows typical 8. luzonica, 8.
marivelensis, and I feel confident that but a single species is represented by that
number.

LEUCAS R. Br.

1. L. mollissima Wall. Pl. As. Rar. 1 (1830) 62.

In the pine region below 1,500 m altitude, C. M. Z. 16338.

This species has not definitely been reported from the Philippines previously,
but appears to be widely distributed in Benguet. It is represented also by
Topping 58, 137, Elmer 6576, Williams 1360, and Bur. Sci. 5328, 5456 Ramos,
all from Benguet. Philippine specimens identified at Kew as Leucas marrubioides
Desf., appear to belong here, at least in part (Loher 4226). Leucas sericea Elm.
Leafl. Philip. Bot. 1 (1908) 340 is also closely allied; it appears to be the same
as Vidal 3468 from Panay, determined at Kew as L. marrubioides Desf.

India to southern China, and Formosa.

POGOSTEMON Desf.

1. P. philippinensis Moore in Journ. Bot, 43 (1905) 146.
In the mossy forest, Merrill 6558, C. M. Z. 16065.
Known only from higher altitudes in the Benguet-Lepanto region, and from the
mountains of Panay.
HYPTIS Jacq.

1. H. capitata Jacq. Coll. 1 (1786) 102.

In the pine region, altitude about 1,500 m, OC. M. Z. 16068.

Common and widely distributed in the Philippines; introduced from tropical
America. Briquet ™* has referred Philippine material (Cuming 591) to Hyptis
lanceolata Poir. This specimen is apparently identical with our abundant Phil-
ippine collections identified as H. capitata Jacq.

4 Ann, Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genév. 2 (1898) 225.

Mes -

Se ae ee Se ee ee ee

382 MERRILL AND MERRITT.

COLEUS Lour.

1. C. macranthus Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 1 (1906) Suppl. 234.

Common in the mossy forest, Merrill 6604, C. M. Z. 16146.

Known only from high altitudes in the Benguet-Lepanto region.

2. C. crispipilus Merrill comb. noy.

Coleus macranthus var. crispipila Merr. 1. ¢.

In the mossy forest, Merrill 6553, MeGregor 8896, C. M. Z. 16066.

Like the preceding known only from high altitudes in the Benguet-Lepanto
region; I am now of the opinion that this form is worthy of specific rank. The
fresh plant is aromatic when crushed.

3. Coleus zschokkei Merrill sp. nov.

Suffruticosus, erectus, circiter 60 cm altus, ramulis, foliis, inflores-
centiisque cinereo-puberulis ; foliis parvis, elliptico-ovatis vel ovatis, acutis
vel acuminatis, circiter 3 cm longis, subtus dense glandulosis; inflores-
centiis circiter 15 cm longis; calycibus fructiferis declinatis, intus nudis,
dentibus lateralibus brevibus, truncatis.

Suffrutescent, erect, about 60 cm high, branched, the stems about 8
mm in diameter, the branches stout, obscurely 4-angled, brown, puberulent.
Leaves elliptic-ovate to elliptic, rather thin, densely gray-puberulent,
about 3 em long, 1 to 1.5 em wide, beneath strongly and densely glandular-
punctate, the apex acute or acuminate, the base acute, margins crenate
or crenate-dentate in the upper two-thirds; nerves about 4 on each
side of the midrib, ascending; petioles puberulent, 3 to 10 cm long.
Inflorescence about 15 cm long, puberulent, the verticils of lax, 1.5
cm long, few-flowered cymes. Flowers purple, the pedicels pubescent,
slender, about 5 mm long. Calyx glandular and pubescent, 5.5° mm
long in fruit, declinate, glabrous within, the lower lip oblong-lanceolate,
about 4 mm long, cleft into two, lanceolate, acuminate, 0.8 mm long
teeth; upper lip much shorter, 3-toothed, the middle tooth elliptic-
ovate, rounded, 2 mm long, the two lateral ones rectangular, truncate,
1 mm long and wide. Corolla purple, with minute, scattered glands,
and slightly ciliate, 8 mm long, the tube slender, deeurved ; upper lip
broad, irregularly lobed, about 2 mm long, the lower one boat-shaped,
somewhat hooded, 5mm long. Upper portions (2.5 mm) of the filaments
free, the remainder connate into a tube. Nutlets rounded, compressed,
black, shining, 1 mm in diameter,

In stream depression, lower pine region, Merrill 6529 (type), and in grass lands
in the open pine region, altitude about 1,700 m, C. M. Z. 16325.

Quite different from any of the other Philippine Species of the genus; recog-
nizable by its comparatively small leaves, and by its grayish puberulence.

PLECTRANTHUS L’Her.

1. P. diffusus Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 1 (1906) Suppl. 235.
In the pine region, altitude about 2,000 m, C. M. Z. 16067, 16228.
Known only from high altitudes in the Benguet-Lepanto region.

———

Bl on od

THE FLORA OF MOUNT PULOG. 883

CALAMINTHA Moench.

1. C. umbrosa (Bieb.) Benth. in DC. Prodr. 12 (1848) 232.

Upper pine region extending into the lower limits of the mossy forest, C. M. Z.
16069, Merrill 6582, McGregor 8824. +

Known in the Philippines only from the Benguet-Lepanto region; Caucasas
Mountains, India, Ceylon, China’, Japan, Formosa, and Java.

SOLANACEZ.
SOLANUM Linn.

1. S. inaequilaterale Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 1 (1906) Suppl. 236.

In the mossy forest, altitude about 2,300 m, C. M. %. 16200.

This form is known only from the Benguet-Lepanto region; it may not prove
to be specifically distinct from the widely distributed S. torvum Sw. 8S. unaequi-
laterale, however, is entirely unarmed.

2. S. nigrum Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 186.

In the mossy forest, altitude about 2,300 m, C. M. Z. 16063. Mr. Merritt notes
that the local name of this plant is natang, and that the leaves are eaten by the
Tgorots.

Abundant in the Philippines at all altitudes; temperate and tropical parts of
the world.

3. S. retrorsum Elm. Leafl. Philip. Bot. 1 (1908) 342,

Stream depressions in the pine region below an altitude of 1,200 m, C. M. Z.
16202.

Known only from the Benguet-Lepanto region. In addition to the type speci-
men cited in the original description, the species is also represented by the fol-
lowing material: Loher 4378, 4379 (herb. Kew), Vidal 3366 (herb, Kew), For.
Bur. 4874, 13595 Curran, Bur, Sci. 5362 Ramos, Bur. Sci. 3375, 3415 Mearns,
Elmer 6073, Williams 1074.

4. S. verbascifolium Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 184.

In stream depressions, pine region, altitude about 1,500 m, O. M. Z. 18177.

Widely distributed in the Philippines at low and medium altitudes; Tropics of
the world.

5. Solanum schizocalyx Merrill sp. nov. § Lysianthes, Lobanthes,

Herbaceum vel suffruticosum, erectum, ramosum, subglabrum ; foliis
petiolatis, alternis, solitariis, in ramulis geminis, altero dimidio tertio
minore, membranaceis vel subchartaceis, oblongo-lanceolatis vel lanceolatis,

integris, longe acuminatis; floribus axillaribus, solitariis, binis vel fas-

ciculatis, albidis vel pallide purpureis, 1 ad 1.3 em longis; calycibus
10-dentatis, dentibus subulatis,

An erect, branched, often suffrutescent herb 1 m high or less, sub-
glabrous. Branches terete, rather slender, grayish or dark-colored,
glabrous, the ultimate branchlets sometimes slightly pubescent. Leaves
simple, oblong-lanceolate to lanceolate, membranaceous or subchartaceous,
glabrous or with | few, scattered, short hairs on the nerves on both
surfaces, 4 to 15 em long, 1.5 to 4.5 em wide, often dark-colored and
somewhat shining when dry, entire, the base decurrent-acuminate, the
apex long and slenderly acuminate, those on the stems alternate, on the

384 MERRILL AND MERRITT.

branches in pairs, the smaller one of each pair one-third to one-half
shorter than the other; nerves about 6 on each side of the midrib,
ascending, rather distinct on the lower surface; petioles 0.5 to 2.5 em
long. Flowers axillary, solitary, in pairs, or in fascicles of 3 or 4,
white to pale-purplish, the pedicels 1 to 2.5 cm long, in anthesis
somewhat thickened upward, spreading or reflexed, rarely erect or
ascending, glabrous. Calyx glabrous or slightly and obscurely puberulent,
somewhat funnel-shaped, becoming broadly cup-shaped in anthesis, the
rim subentire, the 10 ridges extending as narrow, stout, blunt teeth 1
to 2 mm in length, the calyx in bud prominently ridged, in anthesis the
ridges becoming more obscure, the calyx splitting down one side,
Corolla-tube about 4 mm long, the lobes 5, oblong-ovate or ovate, acute,
7 to 9mm long. Anthers 5, oblong, about 5 mm long. Style about 8
mm long. Fruit globose, fleshy, 1 cm in diameter (immature).

In the mossy forest above an altitude of 2,300 m, 0. M. Z. 16201, 16203, Me-
Gregor 8814, Merrill 6588. From similar habitats, Bur. Sci. 4401, 3418 Mearns,

Pauai, Benguet, and Merrill 4548 (type), from Mount Data, District of Lepanto,
Luzon.

This species is manifestly allied to Solanum biflorum Lour., but is apparently
sufficiently distinct from that and all hitherto described allied forms. Its distin-
guishing features are in being nearly glabrous, with comparatively large flowers,
and its calyx splitting down one side,

LYCOPERSICUM Tourn.

1, L. esculentum Mill. Gard. Dict. ed. 8 (1768) no. 2.

Cultivated by the Igorots, pine region, altitude about 1,800 m, CO. M. Z. 16335.

Cultivated and subspontaneous throughout the Philippines, introduced from
tropical America; cultivated everywhere in temperate and tropical regions.

NICOTIANA Linn.

1, N. tabacum Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 180.

Cultivated by the Igorots, altitude about 1,200 m, C. M. Z. 16165.

Extensively cultivated in the Philippines, a native of tropical America, and
now cultivated in most temperate and tropical countries.

SCROPHULARIACE.
LINDENBERGIA Lehm.

1. L. philippensis (Cham.) Benth. in DC. Prodr. 10 (1846) 377.

In stream depressions, pine region, below an altitude of 1,500 m, 0. M. Z. 16071.

Common and widely distributed in the Philippines at low and medium alti-
tudes; Chittagong to Tenasserim, Siam, and China.

HEMIPHRAGMA Wall.

1. H. heterophyllum Wall. Cat. (1831) no. 3895; Benth. in DC. Prodr. 10
(1846) 429.

Mossy forest above an altitude of 2,300 m, OC. M. Z. 16041.

Known in the Philippines only from high altitudes in the Benguet-Lepanto
region; temperate Himalaya, Khasia Mountains, southern China, and Formosa.

—e

THE FLORA OF MOUNT PULOG. 885

VANDELLIA Linn.

1. V. crustacea (L.) Benth. in DC. Prodr. 10 (1846) 413.
In the pine region, ascending to an altitude of about 1,800 m, C. M. Z. 16039.
Abundant and widely distributed in the Philippines ; widely distributed in the
Tropics of the world.
VERONICA Linn.

Veronica monantha Merrill sp. nov. § Beccabunga, Calycinae.

Herba annua, repens, parce pilosa; foliis oppositis, late ovatis, pauce
crenato-serratis, petiolatis; floribus tetrameris, axillaribus, pedicellatis,
solitariis; capsulis late obcordatis, compressis, valvis submembranaceis ;
seminibus paucis, ellipsoideis.

An annual creeping herb, the stems reaching a length of 15 cm,
slender, all parts with scattered, weak, crisped, white hairs. Leaves
broadly ovate, about 8 mm long and wide, thin, opposite, the base
broad, truncate, the apex acute, the margins with two or three rather
coarse crenate-dentate teeth; nerves few, anastomosing, the reticulations
lax; petioles nearly as long as the leaves. Flowers axillary, solitary,
white, 4-merous, their pedicels about 6 mm long; bracteoles two, at about
the lower third of the pedicel, oblong, 1-nerved, 3.5 mm long. Sepals
4, oblong, acute, thin, with a midnerve and two marginal nerves, the
latter joining the midnerve near the apex with a single anastomosis,
about 4 mm long, 1.2 mm wide, somewhat accrescent. Corolla white,
campanulate, 4.5 to 5 mm long, the lobes rounded, the widest ones
3.3 mm in width; tube less than 0.5 mm _ long. Filaments about 4
mm long; anthers 1 mm long, hairy. Ovary ovoid, compressed, 1
mm long; style 3 mm in length. Capsule thin, compressed, broadly
obcordate, 6 mm wide, 4 mm long, slightly cleft at the apex or subentire,
dehiscing at the apex, the valves thin; seeds about 12, ellipsoid, about 1
mm long, compressed, biconvex.

In the mossy forest, associated with Ellisiophyllum and Peracarpa, in dense
thickets just below the lower limits of the summit grass lands, Merrill 6593,
May, 1909; rare.

The first representative of the genus to be found in the Philippines, and ap-
parently allied to a group of species characteristic of Australia and New Zealand.

SOPUBIA Ham.

1. S. trifida Ham. in Don Prodr. (1825) 88.

In the pine region, ascending to an altitude of 2,100 m, 0. M. Z. 16040.

Known in the Philippines only from the Benguet-Lepanto region; Himalayan
region, Khasia Mountains, Deccan Peninsula, Ceylon, and southern China.

EUPHRASIA Linn.

1. E. borneensis Stapf. in Trans. Linn. Soc. Bot. II 4 (1894) 210.

Lower limits of the mossy forest, Merrill 6491, and in the open grass lands of
the summit, OC. M. Z. 16038, McGregor 8886.

In the Philippines known only from higher altitudes in the Benguet-Lepanto
region; Mount Kinabalu, northeastern Borneo. Closely allied to New Zealand
forms.

386 MERRILL AND MERRITT.

BUCHNERA Linn.

1. B. urticifolia R. Br. Prodr. (1810) 437.

In the pine region, altitude about 1,500 m, 0. M. Z. 16341,

Rather widely distributed in the Philippines at low and medium altitudes;
northern and eastern Australia.

ELLISIOPHYLLUM Maxim.

1. E. pinnatum (Wall.) Makino in Bot. Mag. Tokyo 20 (1906) 91, pl. 5.

In the mossy forest just below the lower limits of the upper grass lands; known
in the Philippines only from high altitudes in the Benguet-Lepanto region.

Mountains of India to China, Japan, and Formosa.

This genus was originally placed by Maximowicz in the Polemoniaceae, but
Bentham and Hooker transferred it to the Hydrophyllaceae, in which family it
was retained by Engler and Prantl. Baillon, however, has shown that it really
belongs in the Serophulariaceae, and this conclusion is upheld by Dr. A. Brand,
who has recently studied the genus.”

GESNERIACEZ.
TRICHOSPORUM Don.

1. T. philippinense (Clarke) O. Kuntze Rev. Gen. Pl. (1891) 478.

In the mossy forest, C. M. Z. 16166.

Widely distributed on the higher mountains of the Philippines; endemic.

2. T. nervosum Elmer Leafl. Philip. Bot. 1 (1908) 344.

Frutex scandens; foliis ovato-lanceolatis vel lanceolatis, acuminatis,
basi obtusis, usque ad 6 cm longis, 2 cm latis, nervis utrinque 4 ad 6,
valde obliquis, in sicco prominentibus: floribus rubro-aurantiacis, axilla-
ribus vel terminalibus ; corolla 3.5 cm longa, curvata.

In the mossy forest, MeGregor 8861. ;

Similar to the preceding species, but distinguishable by its strongly nerved
leaves. Known only from medium or higher altitudes in the Benguet-Lepanto
region.

CYRTANDRA Forst.

1. C. sp.
In the mossy forest, Merrill 6603.

\ ACANTHACEZ.
STROBILANTHES Blume.

1. S. pluriformis C. B. Clarke in Govt. Lab. Publ. (Philip.) 35 (1906) 93.
Mossy forest above 2,000 m, C. M. Z. L6144, Merrill 6488.
An endemic species, characteristic of the higher mountains of the northern
Philippines.
LEPIDAGATHIS Willd.

1. L. dispar C. B. Clarke in herb. sp. nov.

Herba suffruticosa, ramosa, suberecta, inflorescentiis exceptis glabra ;
foliis chartaceis vel subcoriaceis, ovato-lanceolatis vel anguste lanceolatis,

* Helios 26 (1910).

THE FLORA OF MOUNT PULOG. 387

acuminatis, usque ad 12 cm longis, in quoque nodo valde inaequalibus ;
spicis axillaribus terminalibusque, densis, fasciculatis, sessilibus; floribus
6 mm longis, 5-meris.

A suberect, usually branched, nearly glabrous, suffrutescent herb up to
80 cm in height, the branches distinctly quadrangular. Leaves ovate-
lanceolate to narrowly lanceolate, in unequal pairs, one leaf of each
pair usually about twice as large as the other, 6 to 12 em long, 0.8 to
3 em wide, usually acuminate at both ends; nerves about 6 on each
side of the midrib, prominent. Spikes axillary and terminal, very dense,
usually clustered, sessile, the bracts white-ciliate. Flowers about 6 mm
long. Sepals 5, narrowly lanceolate, strongly acuminate, 5 mm long.
Capsule 5 mm long, acuminate, puberulent at the apex.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Elmer 6059 (det. Clarke), Topping 82, Bur. Sci.
6670 Ramos: Province of Nueva Vizcaya, Merrill 285: Province of Rizal, Bur.
Sci. 2053 Ramos, For, Bur. 2697 Ahern’s collector (det. Clarke), Loher s. n., Bur.
Sci. 9651 Robinson.,

“This species is well represented in the Philippines, and resembles L. incurva
G. Don, but has smaller, slenderer bracts and calyx. It is exceedingly near L. java-
nica Blume, and near other species.” (C. B, Clarke in lit. July 7, 1905.)

From Mount Pulog I have two specimens from the pine region below an altitude
of 1,800 m, O. M. Z. 16082, 16087.

2. L. cinerea sp. nov.

Suffruticosa, erecta, ramosa, usque ad 1 m alta, omnibus partibus
dense cinereo-puberulis, inflorescentiis dense albido-lanato-ciliatis; foliis
anguste oblongis vel anguste oblongo-oblanceolatis, vix 2 cm longis, ob-
tusis vel apiculatis, subsessilibus; spicis ovoideis vel oblongis, densis,
terminalibus, solitariis, 1 ad 4 em longis; floribus tetrameris, rubris,
bracteis oblongo-lanceolatis, cum calycis segmentis dense albido-lanato-
ciliatis, |

An erect, usually much branched, suffrutescent or woody plant, 1 m
high or less, the stems pale-brown, terete, about 5 mm in diameter,
ultimately glabrous, the younger branches and leaves densely cinereous-
puberulent. Leaves opposite, coriaceous, equal, narrowly oblong or
narrowly oblong-oblanceolate, 0.8 to 1.8 em long, 3 to 6 mm wide, entire,
narrowed to the sessile or substssile base, the apex obtuse or somewhat
apiculate, puberulent; nerves 4 or 5 on each side of the midrib, ascend-
ing, distinct. Spikes terminating the branches, solitary, sometimes some-
what crowded at the apex of the main stem, ovoid to oblong, 1 to 4 em
long, about 1 cm in diameter, very dense, the bracts and calyx-segments
densely covered with long, soft, white hairs. Bracts oblong-lanceolate,
prominently acuminate, 1-nerved, rarely with a pair of obscure lateral

nerves, about 8 mm. long, 2.5 to 3 mm wide. Calyx-segments all °

acuminate, one lanceolate, about 7 mm long, 1.8 mm wide, prominently

and slenderly acuminate, obscurely 3-nerved, very obscurely reticulate in

the upper one-half, the lanate hairs about 2 mm long, two linear, less
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than 1 mm wide, the fourth cleft to within 3.5 mm of the base, the
lobes about 1 mm wide, lanceolate. Corolla reddish, 8 mm long, slightly
puberulent outside, the throat villous inside, the tube not contracted ;
upper lip rounded or slightly retuse, about 3 mm long, 2 mm wide, the
lower one cleft into three, narrowly oblong, obtuse lobes about 3 mm
long, 1.2 mm wide. Anthers 1.7 mm long, slightly exserted from the
throat of the corolla-tube, one cell slightly higher than the other, cells
parallel, not divergent.

In the pine region at an altitude of about 1,500 m, For. Bur. 16078 Curran,
Merritt, € Zschokke, January, 1909; between Ambuklao and Daklan, Merrill 4395,
October, 1905 (type); without definite locality, Bur. Sci, 5912 Ramos, December,
1908.

The above specimens were distributed as Lepidagathis incana Nees, a Javan
species, to which the present one does not seem to be at all closely allied. Lepid-
agathis cinerea is well characterized by its small, narrow, subsessile leaves, its
cinereous indumentum, and especially by its very dense, prominently white-ciliate-
lanate spikes.

RUNGIA Nees.

1. R. parviflora Nees in Wall. Pl. As. Rar. 3 (1832) 110, DC. Prodr. 11 (1847)
469.

Pine region below 2,000 m, C. M. Z. 16080.

Not before recorded from the Philippines; also represented by Merrill 4557 from
Mount Data (det. Clarke). .

Eastern and southern India and Ceylon to southern China.

HYPOESTES R. Br.

1. H. floribunda R, Br. Prodr. (1810) 474; Nees in DC, Prodr. 11 (1847) 509.

Pine region below 1,100 m, @C. M. Z. 16079.

The same form is also represented by the following specimens: District of Le-
panto, For. Bur. 5690 Klemme: Province of Ilocos Norte, For. Bur. 12486 Merritt
é Darling: Province of Benguet, Williams 1389, Elmer 5877.

The late C. B. Clarke, who referred Elmer 5877 to Hypoestes floribunda, with
doubt, states that it (Elmer 5877) ‘differs less from H. floribunda than the
numerous varieties of that species differ among themselves.

Tropical Australia and Malaya; not previously reported from the Philippines.

JUSTICIA Linn.

‘
1. J. procumbens Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 15. :
Pine region below 1,500 m, C. M. Z. 16081.
Widely distributed in the Philippines at low and medium altitudes. India and
Ceylon to southern China, Malaya, and Australia.

RUBIACE.
HEDYOTIS Linn.

1. H. bartlingii Merrill nom. noy.

Metabolos angustifolius DC. Prodr. 4 (1830) 436; Sclerococcus Bartl. |. c. syn.

Hedyotis angustifolia Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. 2 (1858) 182; F.-Vill. Nov. App.
(1880) 107, non C. & S.

+

- THE FLORA OF MOUNT PULOG. 389

In the pine region, altitude about 1,400 m, C. M. Z. 16214.

This endemic species is represented by the type, which I have examined in the
Prague herbarium, and also the following specimens: Province of Benguet, Ba-
guio, Williams 1880 ; Province of Bulacan, near Norzagaray, Yoder 247.

2. H. microphylla Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 1 (1906) Suppl. 239.
In the mossy forest above an altitude of 2,400 m, O. M. Z. 16217, 18056, Merrill

6551. :
This endemic species is otherwise known only from the higher mountains of

the Benguet-Lepanto region.
WENDLANDIA Bartl. »

1. W. glabrata DC. Prodr. 4 (1830) 411.
Stream depressions in the pine region, below an altitude of 1,500 m, C. M. Z.

18171, 18185, 18197.
This species is apparently widely distributed in the Philippines; Tenasserim 5:
to southern China, Formosa, and Malaya.

MUSSAENDA Linn.

1. M. benguetensis Elm. Leafl. Philip. Bot. 1 (1906) 13.
In the pine region, ascending to an altitude of 1,700 m, C. M. Z. 18165.
Known only from the Benguet-Lepanto region.

RANDIA Linn.

1. R. wallichii Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 3 (1880) 113.

Stream depressions, altitude about 1,200 m, C. M. Z. 18204.

Widely distributed in the Philippines at low and medium altitudes; mountains
of India to southern China, and Java.

COFFEA L.

1. C. arabica Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 172.
Extensively cultivated by the Igorots, especially in the river valleys of Benguet,
its altitudinal range extending to at least 1,700 m, C. M. Z. 18150.

PSYCHOTRIA Linn.

1. P. crispipila Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 1 (1906) Suppl. 240.

In the mossy forest, OC. M. Z. 18121, 18150.

Known only from similar habitats on the higher mountains of the Benguet-
Lepanto region.

2. Psychotria macgregorii Merrill sp. nov.

Arbuscula glabra circiter 4 m alta; foliis ellipticis vel elliptico-
ovatis, usque ad 6.5 cm longis, leviter acuminatis, basi acutis, sub-
coriaceis, nervis utrinque circiter 9, subtus prominentibus, stipulis
lanceolatis, 9 ad 12 mm longis; inflorescentiis terminalibus, brevibus,
floribus subverticillatim dispositis, congestis; seminibus subhemisphae-
ricis, laevibus, dorso nec longitudinaliter sulcatis nec rugosis.

A glabrous shrub about 4 m high. Branches terete, smooth, gray or
brownish-gray. Leaves elliptic or ovate-elliptic, subcoriaceous, 3 to 6.5

Rg Oe Te ee

390 MERRILL AND MERRITT.

cm long, 1.5 to 3 cm wide, the base acute, the apex shortly and usually
rather sharply acuminate, somewhat shining when dry, the margins:
sometimes recurved; nerves about 9 on each side of the midrib, beneath
prominent, anastomosing, the reticulations rather dense; stipules lan-
ceolate, acuminate, deciduous, 9 to 12 mm long. Inflorescence terminal,
short, 2 to 4 em long, the flowers crowded, subverticillate at the apices of
the rachis and the few branches. Flowers white, sessile. Calyx narrowly
funnel-shapped, about 4 mm long, the mouth often slightly. oblique,
slightly and irregularly 5- or 6-toothed. Corolla about 6 mm_ long,
the lobes 4, spreading or reflexed, ovate, obtuse, 4 mm long, 2.5 mm
wide, the throat white-hairy. Anthers elliptic, 1 mm long. Style as
long as the corolla, the arms 0.5 mm long. Fruit narrowly obovoid, 7
to 8 mm long, 5 mm in diameter, narrowed at the base, somewhat
wrinkled when dry, tipped with the cylindric, persistent, about 1.5 mm
long calyx-tube. Seeds 3.5 mm long, 3 mm wide, subhemispherical,
not at all ridged or striate on the back.

In the mossy forest, altitude above 2,400 m, Merrill 8495 (type), MeGregor
8854, C. M. Z. 18077, 18082.

Apparently a distinct species and quite different from any of the previously
described Philippine forms; it is well characterized by its prominently uerved
leaves, rather dense and distinct reticulations, whorled sessile flowers and smooth,
not ridged or grooved seeds. A closely allied form is represented by C. M. Z.
16358, from the same altitude and habitat, the branchlets ferruginous-pubescent.

PAEDERIA Linn.

1. P. tomentosa Bl. Bijdr. (1826) 968.

Stream depressions in the pine region, altitude about 1,500 m, C. M. Z. 16204,
16215.

Widely distributed in the Philippines at low and medium altitudes; India,
Japan, and Malaya.

NERTERA Banks & Soland. .

1. N. depressa Banks & Soland. ex Gaertn. Fruct. 1 (1788) 124, ¢. 26.

In the mossy forest above an altitude of 2,400 m, C. M. Z. 16218, Merrill 6599.

This species is widely distributed in the Philippines, mostly at high altitudes,
and has been found on Mount Paraga, Province of Abra, (Bur. Sci. 7065 Ramos),
Mount Data, District of Lepanto (Merrill 4524), various places in Benguet at
higher altitudes (Bur. Sci. 2796, 2863, 2498, 4372, 4453 Mearns, Bur. Sci. 5444
Ramos, Topping 77), Mount Banajao, Province of Tayabas (Whitford 937, Elmer
9190, Bur. Sci. 6077, 6576 Robinson), Mount Pinatubo, Province of Zambales,
(Bur. Sci. 2609 Foxworthy), Mount Halcon, Mindoro (For. Bur. 4459 Merritt,
Merrill 5614), and Mount Apo, Mindanao, (Copeland 1078). It is somewhat
variable in vegetative characters, but apparently a single species is represented.
Whether or not it is the true Nertera depressa Banks & Solander, I am unable to
determine. It may prove to be the same as N. nigricarpa Hayata, recently
described from Mount Morrison, Formosa. It is reported from eastern Australia,
Tasmania, New Zealand, South America, and apparently also Java, although
Bentham expresses the opinion that the Javan form represents a distinct species.

THE FLORA OF MOUNT PULOG. 391

GALIUM Linn.

1. G. gaudichaudii DC. Prodr. 4 (1830) 607.

Stream depressions, altitude about 1,500 m, Merrill 6595.

Eastern Australia and Tasmania.

2. G. philippinense Merr, in Philip. Journ. Sci. 1 (1906) Suppl. 238.

On dry slopes, upper pine region, altitude about 2,000 m, OC. M. Z. 16338,
Merrill 6521.

’ Endemic, but closely allied to the widely distributed European and Asiatic

G. rotundifolium L., and to G. javanicum BI. of Java. The latter has been reduced
by Hooker f. to @. rotundifolium L.

RUBIA Linn.

1. R. cordifolia Linn. Syst. ed. 12, 3 (1768) 229.

In stream depressions, altitude below 1,500 m, 0. M. Z. 16216, Merrill 6531.

Widely distributed in the Philippines at medium and higher altiudes, variable;
tropical Africa and Asia to northeastern Asia, Japan, and Java.

CAPRIFOLIACE.

LONICERA Linn.

1. L. rehderi Merr. in Govt. Lab. Publ. (Philip.) 29 (1905) 49.
Upper pine region, altitude about 2,000 m, 0. M. Z. 18113.
Known only from the higher altitudes of the Benguet-Lepanto region.

SAMBUCUS Linn.

1. S. javanica Bl. Bijdr. (1825) 657.

Mossy forest, altitude 2,250 m, O. M. Z. 18123.

Widely distributed in the Philippines, especially at medium altitudes; India to
southern China and Malaya.

VIBURNUM Linn.

1. V. luzonicum Rolfe in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 21 (1884) 310.

In the lower mossy forest, and in ravines in the pine region, 0. M. Z. 18164,
Merrill 6534. :

Widely distributed in the Philippines at higher altitudes, very common in the
Benguet-Lepanto region. An endemic species, but apparently closely allied to, and
possibly not distinct from V. erosum Thunb. of Japan, China, and Formosa.

2. V. odoratissimum Ker in Bot. Reg. 6 (1820) ¢. 456.

Extending from an altitude of 1,300 m, in ravines in the pine region, to the
lower parts of the mossy forest, C. M. Z. 18182, 18131, 18205, McGregor 8859.

Common throughout the Benguet-Lepanto region, and occurring also on moun-
tains further south; eastern India to southern China, Formosa, the Riu Kiu Islands
and Japan. Reported, with doubt, also from Celebes.

CUCURBITACEZ.
MELOTHRIA Linn.

1. M. mucronata (Bl.) Cogn. in DC. Monog. Phan. 3 (1881) 608.

Lower pine region, C. M. Z. 16091; upper pine region and lower mossy forest,
Merrill 6566, McGregor 8900 ; mossy forest, C. M. Z. 16092.

Widely distributed in the Philippines, its altitudinal range on Mount Pulog
being from about 1,200 m to 2,250 m; India to Formosa, and Malaya.

i ella

we) edie: colle
eres a7
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392 MERRILL AND MERRITT.

2. M. indica Lour. Fl. Cochinch. (1790) 35.
Upper pine region, Merrill 6581.
Widely distributed in the Philippines; about the same extra-Philippine range
as the preceding.
GYNOSTEMMA BI.

1. G. pedatum Bl. Bijdr. (1825) 23.

Lower pine region, altitude about 1,200 m, C. M. Z. 16145.

Widely distributed in the Philippines at low and medium altitudes; India to
Japan, south to Borneo, Sumatra, and Java.

‘CAMPANULACEE,
LOBELIA Linn.

1. L. nicotianaefolia Heyne in Roth Noy. Pl. Sp. (1821) 148; A. DC. Prodr.
7 (1839) 381; Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 3 (1881) 427.

Mossy forest, altitude 2,250 m, CO. M. Z. 16101.

This species has not previously been reported from the Philippines, and it is
also represented by the following specimens, all from Luzon: District of Lepanto,
For. Bur. 5685 Klemme, For. Bur. 14479 Darling; Province of Benguet, Elmer
6066, Williams 1302, For. Bur. 15890 Bacani, Bur. Sci, 5864 Ramos, Bur. Sct.
4827 Mearns ; Province of Ilocos Sur, For. Bur. 15689 Merritt & Darling ; Province
of Zambales, Mount Tapulao, Bur. Sci, 4994 Ramos.

India (Deccan Peninsula), and Ceylon,

It is impossible to determine here, without a full series of Indian specimens
for comparison, whether or not the Philippine plant is really specifically identical
with Heyne’s species; so far as descriptions go, however, the material agrees with
that of L. nicotianaefolia Heyne, better than with that of any other species known
from the Indo-Chinese region. The species is, however, not reported from eastern
India, southern China, or Malaya, and the discontinuous distribution is some
ground for belief that eventually the Luzon plant may be found to be distinct from
the Indian one, or perhaps referable to some other species of the Indo-Chinese
region.

-PPERACARPA Hook. f. & Th.

1. P. luzonica Rolfe in Kew Bull. (1906) 201.
Upper limits of the mossy forest, Merrill 6496.
‘Known only from the higher mountains of Benguet and Lepanto; a very inter-
esting case of geographical distribution, the only other species of the genus,
P. carnosa Fook. f. & Th., extending from the Himalayan region to Yunnan.

WAHLENBERGIA Schrad.

1. W. bivalvis Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 1 (1906) Suppl. 242.
Upper pine region, altitude about 2,000 m, Merrill 6523, and open grass lands

“above the mossy forest, altitude about 3,000 m, C. M. Z. 16102.

An endemic species, common in the Benguet-Lepanto region, with the general
appearance of the widely distributed W. gracilis DC., but differing, according to
descriptions of the latter, in having 2-valved instead of 3-valved capsules.

ee ee

THE FLORA OF MOUNT PULOG.

- COMPOSITAE.
ETHULIA Linn.

~ 1. E. conyzoides Linn. Sp. Pl: ed. 2 (1763) 1171.

Lower parts of the mossy forest, C. M. Z. 16124.

In the Philippines confined to the higher mountains of the Benguet-Lepanto
region; tropical Africa to Bengal, Assam, and Silhet.

CENTRATHERUM Cass.

1, C. fruticosum Vid. Rev. Pl. Vase. Filip. (1886) 159.

Stream depressions, pine region, altitude about 1,500 m, C. M. Z. 16085.

Widely distributed in the pine regions of the Benguet-Lepanto area, on some
mountains further south, and near sea level in the Batanes Islands; closely allied
to C. muticum Less. of tropical America and Australia; endemic.

VERNONIA Schreb.

1. V. philippinensis Rolfe in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 21 (1884) 312.
In ravines, pine region, altitude about 1,300 m, OC. M. Z. 16116.
At medium altitudes, Luzon to Mindanao, not common; endemic.

ELEPHANTOPUS Linn.

1. E. mollis H. B. K. Nov. Gen. & Sp. Pl. 4 (1820) 26

Abundant throughout the pine region, C. M. Z. 16086.

Introduced from tropical America and now thoroughly naturalized; abundant
and widely distributed in the Philippines.

AGERATUM Linn.

1. A. conyzoides Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 839.

Common in the pine region, C. M. Z. 16337.

Very abundant in the Philippines, from sea level to high altitudes; pe Topine of
the world, but probably originating in tropical America.

EUPATORIUM Linn.

1. E. benguetense C. B. Rob. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 3 (1908) Bot. 217.
Mossy forest above 2,250 m, OC. M. Z. 16084, Merrill 6555.
Known only from higher altitudes in the Benguet-Lepanto region.

MIKANIA Willd.

1. M. scandens (Linn.) Willd. Sp. Pl. 3 (1800) 1743.
In ravines, pine region, altitude about 1,200 m, C. M. Z. 16106.
Widely distributed in the Philippines at low and medium altitudes; Tropics
of the world.
SOLIDAGO Linn.

1. S. virgaurea Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 880.

Upper pine region, extending to the lower limits of the mossy forest, C. M. Z.
16109, 16117, 16179, Merrill 6547.

A sharacteristic plant of the upper pine region of the Benguet- -Lepanto r. region,
but otherwise not known from the Philippines; Europe, temperate North America,
temperate Asia to the Himalayan region and Khasia Mountains, southern China,
Japan, and Formosa,

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394 MERRILL AND MERRITT.

DICHROCEPHALA DC.

1. D. latifolia (Lam.) DC. Prodr. 5 (1836) 372.

Upper pine region, extending to the lower limits of the mossy forest, C. M. Z.
16178, Merrill 6583.

Widely distributed in the Philippines at medium and higher altitudes; trop-
ical and subtropical Asia and Africa.

2. D. chrysanthemifolia (Bl.) DC. in Wight Contrib. (1834) 11; Prodr. 5
(1836) 372.

. Upper pine region, Merrill 6522.

Known from the Philippines only from high altitudes in the Benguet-Lepanto
region; about the same extra-Philippine range as the preceding species.

MYRIACTIS Less.

1. M. humilis Merr, in Philip. Journ. Sci. 1 (1906) Suppl. 244.

In the mossy forest, Merrill 6509, and at base of cliffs in the summit grass
lands, C. M. Z. 16114.

Higher mountains of the Benguet-Lepanto region, also on Mount Banajao,
Province of Tayabas, Luzon; endemic.

ASTER Linn.

1. A. trinervius Roxb. Hort. Beng. (1814) 61, nomen, FI, Ind. 3 (1882) 433;
Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 3 (1881) 252.

In the pine region, altitude about 1,500 m, O. M. Z. 16122.

Central and western Himalaya, Khasia Mountains, China, and Japan; not
previously reported from the Philippines.

The number cited above, so far as our mounted specimen goes, agrees closely
with Roxburgh’s species as interpreted by Hooker f.; some of the duplicates distrib-
uted under this number may have been referable to Aster philippinensis Moore,
a quite different endemic species.

ERIGERON Linn.

1. E. linifolius Willd. Sp. Pl. 3 (1800) 1955.

Common in the pine region, C. M. Z. 16108, 16119, Merrill 6515.

Common and widely distributed in the Philippines; a native of the Mediter-
ranean region, now widely distributed in subtropical and tropical parts of the |

world.
CONYZA Less.

1. C. japonica (Thunb.) Less. Syn. Comp. (1832) 204.

Upper pine region, Merrill 6540.

In the Philippines known only from higher altitudes of the Benguet-Lepanto
region; Afghanistan to Japan, southward to Malaya.

2. C. viscidula Wall. Cat. (1828) no. 3006; DC. Prodr. 5 (1836) 383.

In the pine region, altitude about 1,400 m, C. M. Z. 16336.

Widely distributed in the Philippines at low and medium altitudes, but not
common; India to Java, New Caledonia, and Australia.

BLUMEA DC.

1. B. appendiculata (Bl.) DC? Prodr. 5 (1836) 447.
Upper pine region, C. M. Z. 18116, and in the lower mossy forest, Merrill 6511.
Widely distributed in the Philippines at medium and higher altitudes, but not

common; Java.

iu ae

THE FLORA OF MOUNT PULOG. , 395

2. B. mollis (Don) Merrill comb. nov.

Erigeron molle Don Prodr. (1825) 172.

Conyza bifoliata Chamisso & Less. in Linnaea 6 (1831) 135.

Blumea chamissoniana DC, Prodr. 5 (1836) 454.

Blumea wightiana Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 3 (1881) 261, non DC.

In stream depressions, pine region, altitude 1,300 m, 0. M. Z. 16334.

Widely distributed in the Philippines at low and medium altitudes; India to
southern China, Malaya, Australia, and tropical Africa.

What is apparently the oldest specific name is here adopted, but in accepting
this name I have followed the authority of Hooker f., who made the reduction.
According to Hooker f. Blumea trichophora DC., B. parvifolia DC., and B. phyl-
lostachya DC., the former based at least in part, on Hrigeron molle Don, the
other two on nomina nuda of Wallich’s “Catalogue,” sub Conyza, as well as
Blumea leschenaultiana DC., are all synonyms of Blumea wightiana. I have
examined the type of Blumea chamissoniana DC. in the Berlin Herbarium, as
well as the duplicate in the DeCandolle Herbarium, and also the type of B.
wightiana DC, in the latter institution. The specimen on which Blumea wight-
iana DC. was based does not appear to me to specifically identical with the
specimens so named in the Kew Herbarium, on which the English botanists have
based their conception of Blumea wightiana. Prain”™ in discussing the Wallichian
Herbarium, as distributed, in connection with the early volumes of the ‘“Pro-
dromus” warns all botanists, who wish their results to be accurate, to place no
confidence in the Wallichian name for a species in any of the families treated by
DeCandolle before the Wallichian Herbarium was issued, without first confirm-
ing it by comparison with the specimen so named in the “Prodromus” Herbarium,
as Doctor Wallich placed no numbers on the sheets he originally sent to De-
Candolle, and many of the identifications of DeCandolle’s species were manifestly
made by Dr. Wallich without referring to either DeCandolle’s descriptions or
specimens.

3. B. incisa (Elmer) Merrill comb. nov.
Pluchea incisa Elmer Leafl. Philip. Bot. 1 (1908) 358.

Herba erecta vel subscandens; foliis usque ad 8 cm longis, 2.5 cm
latis, subsessilibus, superioribus sensim minoribus, subcoriaceis vel char-
taceis, scabridis, leviter pubescentibus, acuminatis, irregulariter lobatis
vel incisis; capitulis circiter 1 cm longis, breviter pedicellatis vel sub-
sessilibus, squamis imbricatis, pubescentibus.

Upper pine region, altitude about 2,000 m, C. M. Z. 16123.

This species was described by Mr. Elmer as a Pluchea, based on a specimen
collected by himself in Benguet, no. 8396. It appears to me to be a Blumea, and
closely allied to B. chinensis (Linn.) DC., rather than a Pluchea, and is accord-
ingly here transferred to the former genus. Mr. Elmer considers it to be allied
to Pluchea scabrida DC., but the material identified by him as Pluchea scabrida,
I consider to be referable to Blumea, a species very closely allied to if not identical
with Blumea chinensis (L.) DC. Pluchea scabrida DC., the type of which I have
examined in the DeCandolle Herbarium, is apparently only a very pubescent form
of Pluchea indica (Linn.) Less., although placed by DeCandolle in the section
Hebephora. :

Known only from high altitudes in Benguet.

** Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 66? (1897) 393.

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7; oe a ene ee a we > ke hd ie

396 MERRILL AND MERRITT.

MERRITTIA Merrill gen. nov.

Capitula heterogama, disciformia, androgyna, floribus in ambitu @,
fertilibus, pluriseriatis, numerosis, disci ¢ paucis. Involucrum sub- |
campanulatum, bracteis pluriseriatis, angustis, exterioribus gradatim
minoribus. Receptaculum planum, dense pilosum. Corollae @¢ _ fili-
formes, minute 3-dentatae, stylis suis breviores; ¢ regulares, tubulosae,
limbo apice parum ampliato 5-dentato. Antherae basi sagittatae, auri-
culis caudato-acuminatis, apice appendiculatae. Styli fl. 9 exserti,
ramis linearibus; styli fl. ¢ vix exserti, subintegri, apice minutissime
divisi. Achenia parva, plus minus compressa, obscure striata. Pappi
setae tenues, uniseriatae, liberae, scaberulae. Herba erecta, perennis,
plus minus pubescens. Folia alterna, ampla, irregulariter lyrato-lobata,
dentata, sessilia vel subsessilia. Capitula mediocria, in paniculis ter-
minalibus oblongis disposita. Achenia pilosa.

Merrittia benguetensis (Elm.) Merrill contb. nov.

Senecio benguetensis Elm. Leafl. Philip. Bot. 1 (1906) 152.

In the mossy forest above an altitude of 2,250 m, 0. M. Z. 16113, Merrill 6586.
Otherwise represented by the following specimens, all from Benguet Province,
Luzon: Mount Tonglon (Santo Tomis) Elmer 6247 (type); Pauai, Merrill 4755;
Balangabang, Bur. Sci. 5896 Ramos; without definite locality, Loher 3636 (in
herb. Kew.). ;

The new genus here proposed I refer with considerable confidence to the tribe
Inuleae, placing it next to Blumea in the Inuleae-Plucheinae as defined by Hoff-
mann in Engler & Prantl’s “Natiirlichen Pflanzenfamilien.” To me the plant
has much the aspect of some species of Bluwmea, while in floral structure it
approximates that of Blumea and allied genera. It differs from Blumea and
other genera in the Inuleae-Plucheinae especially in its rather densely pilose
receptacles, a character quite at variance with the genera to which Merrittia seems
otherwise to be allied.

J. R. Drummond, Esq., who kindly assisted me in the identification of some
of the Philippine Compositae in the Kew herbarium, examined a part of the
material above cited, and the following is quoted from his report on Senecio
benguetensis Elm.

“This plant is remote from all the typical forms of the genus, to which Mr.
Elmer has referred it, by the involucral structure; it is true that certain species
now included under Senecio have pluriseriate and imbricating involucral bracts,
but assuming that those species should remain in their present position, which
seems to be far from certain, the characters of the stigma in the ¢ florets of the
Luzon plant would exclude it from the tribe of Senecionideae as defined in the
Genera Plantarum.”

Mr. Drummond has suggested that the plant should be referred to the subtribe
Baccharideae of the Asteroideae, but I consider that the character of the tailed
anthers excludes it from that tribe.

The ¢g flowers (disk-flowers) vary in number from 3 to 9, the corolla-teeth
frequently being nearly 1.5 mm in length. The styles are entire or minutely, cleft
at the apex, the arms being less than 0.5 mm in length. The style-arms of the
Q flowers are papillate and about 1.5 mm in length. The involucral-scales are
several-seriate, the outer ones being from 1 to 1.5 mm long, the inner gradually

longer, the innermost about 7 mm long and 1 mm wide,

pS ae

THE FLORA OF MOUNT PULOG. 397

This proposed new genus is dedicated to Mr. M. L. Merritt, coauthor of the
present paper, and a forester for several years in the service of the Philippine
Government. Mr. Merritt made extensive botanical collections in the Archipelago,
especially in the Island of Mindoro, in connection with the prosecution of his
official duties, and was also a member of the Forestry Bureau party that made
the ascent of Mount Pulog in January, 1909.

LAGGERA Sch.-Bip.

1. L. alata (Don) Sch.-Bip. ex Oliv. in Trans. Linn. Soc. 39 (1873) 94.

In the lower pine region, altitude about 1,300 m, C. M. Z. 16118.

At medium altitudes in the Philippines, not common; India to southern China,
Java, and tropical Africa.

ANAPHALIS DC.

1. A. adnata (Wall.) DC. Prodr. 6 (1837) 274.

In the pine region, altitude from 1,600 to 1,900 m, C. M. Z. 16120.

In the Philippines known only from high altitudes in the Benguet-Lepanto
region; mountains of northern India from Simla to Khasia, and in Martaban,
Burma, and Kwangtung. ;

2. A. contorta (Don) Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 3 (1881) 284.

In the upper pine region, altitude about 2,000 m, and above the mossy forest
on the open grassy slopes, altitude about 2,800 m, but not in the mossy forest,
C. M. Z. 16127, Merrill 6486, McGregor 8901.

Like the preceding species, known from the Philippines only from high altitudes
in the Benguet-Lepanto region, its extra-Philippine range about the same, but not
known from southern China.

GNAPHALIUM Linn.

1. G. hypoleucum DC. in Wight Contrib. (1834) 21; Prodr. 6 (1837) 222.

Near the lower border of the mossy forest, C. M. Z. 16121, Merrill 6572.

In the Philippines confined to the Benguet-Lepanto region, at higher altitudes;
Japan to southern China, the mountains of India and Abyssinia.

2. G. japonicum Thunb. Fl. Jap. (1784) 311.

Upper pine region and in the lower part of the mossy forest, OC. M. Z. 16126,
Merrill 6541.

In the Philippines known only from the high mountains of the Benguet-
Lepanto region, and from Mount Banajao, Luzon; Japan and China, southward
to Australia and New Zealand.

CARPESIUM Linn.

1. C. cernuum Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 859.

Lower parts of the mossy forest, Merrill 6563.

Known in the Philippines only from high altitudes in the Benguet-Lepanto
region; central Europe through the Himalayan region to China and Japan.

SIEGESBECKIA Linn.

1. &. orientalis Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 900.

Upper pine region and lower mossy forest, C. M. Z. 16110.

At medium and higher altitudes in the Philippines; cosmopolitan in warm
countries, and extending into some temperate regions.

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398 MERRILL AND MERRITT.

SPILANTHES Linn.

1. S. grandiflora Turez. in Bull. Soc. Nat. Mose. 24* (1851) 183.

Upper pine region, extending to the lower border of the mossy forest, OC. M. Z.
16197, Merrill 6517.

Known in the Philippines only from medium and higher altitudes in northern
Luzon; northern Australia, Queensland, and New South Wales.

BIDENS Linn.

1. B. pilosa Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 832.

Upper pine region, C. M. Z. 16083, Merrill 6548.

Widely distributed in the Philippines at medium and low altitudes; cosmopoli-
tan in the Tropics, extending into some temperate regions.

ARTEMISIA Linn.

1. A. capillaris Thunb. Fl. Jap. (1784) 309.

In the pine region, altitude about 1,300 m, C. M. Z. 18179. Ig., paldid.

Known in the Philippines only from the Benguet-Lepanto region; Manchuria,
Kamtschatka, and Japan to southern China, and Formosa.

GYNURA Cass,

1. G. vidaliana Elmer Leafl. Philip. Bot. 1 (1906) 144.

In the pine region, altitude about 1,450 m, O. MW. Z. 16340.

Common on the mountains of the Benguet-Lepanto region, also found on Mount
Pinatubo, and Mount Tapulao, Zambales Province, and Mount Arayat, Pampanga
Province, Luzon, and on Mount Victoria, Palawan; endemic.

2. Gynura macgregorii Merrill sp. nov.

Herba erecta, glabra; foliis chartaceis, grosse irregulariter sinuato-
dentatis, dentibus acuminatis ; inferioribus petiolatis, utrinque acuminatis,
superioribus sessilibus, cordatis; capitulis 2 em longis, floribus auran-
tiacis.

An erect glabrous herb, more or less branched, the base somewhat
woody, reaching a height of about 1 m. Leaves various, the lower
ones oblong-lanceolate, chartaceous, 10 to 15 em long, 2 to 5 em wide,
dull when dry, paler beneath but scarcely purplish, the apex sharply
acuminate, the base decurrent-acuminate, the margins coarsely and
irregularly sinuate-dentate, acuminate; nerves 6 to 9 on each side of the
midrib, rather distinct, scarcely anastomosing, the reticulations very
few, obscure; petioles 1.5 to 2 em long: intermixed with these petioled
leaves are numerous, small, subovate, sessile or subsessile, irregularly
sinuate-toothed leaves about 2 cm long, simulating stipules: the upper
leaves are sessile, much smaller than the lower petioled ones, variously
toothed or even lobed, broad and cordate at the base and somewhat
clasping the stem. Panicles lax, glabrous except the slightly pubescent
peduncles, the branches and peduncles subtended. by small, irregular
bracts. Heads about 2 cm long, glabrous, each peduncle with several,
linear, 6 to 8 mm long bracteoles scattered along its upper part, and

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THE FLORA OF MOUNT PULOG. 399

more numerous similar ones subtending the involucre. Involucral bracts
about 12, linear, about 13 mm long, 2 to 2.5 mm wide, glabrous, or
very slightly pubescent at the tips, margins hyaline, apex acute or
acuminate. Flowers orange-yellow, about 60 in each head. Achenes
glabrous, nearly 2.6 mm long. Corolla slender, tubular, 1.5 cm long,
narrowly-campanulate at the apex, and with 5 oblong, 1.5 mm long
lobes. Anthers 2.3 mm long. Style-arms spreading or recurved, 3.5
mm long. Pappus white, copious, nearly as long as the corolla-tube.
Disk shortly fimbrillate.

In the mossy forest above 2,250 m altitude, Bur. Sci. 8876 McGregor, July 3,
1909 (type), Merrill 6579, May, 1909. Pauai, Bur. Sct. 4336 Mearns.

Among the Philippine species, this proposed new one is most closely allied to
Gynura vidaliana Elmer, but is at once distinguished from that species by being
almost entirely glabrous, as well as by its sessile, reduced, and usually cordate
upper leaves. In many respects it similates Gynura sarmentosa DC., but is at
once distinguished from that species by its erect habit, larger heads, and larger
leaves. It is manifestly allied to the extra-Philippine group represented by
Gynura nitida DC., G. angulosa DC., G. pseudo-china DC., and G@. bicolor DC., but,
so far as I can determine from the descriptions, is apparently distinct from all.

SENECIO Linn.

1. S. confusus Elmer Leafl. Philip. Bot. 1 (1906) 153.

In the pine region, extending into the lower parts of the mossy forest, C. M. Z.
16115, Merrill 6589.

Confined to the higher altitudes of the Benguet-Lepanto region.

This species is apparently the Philippine representative of Senecio scandens
Ham., which extends from northern India to Ceylon and south-eastern China, and
may at.a later date have to be reduced to that species.

2. S. luzoniensis Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 1 (1906) Suppl. 245.

Rather common in the mossy forest, extending down ravines into the upper
limits of the pine region, CO. M. Z, 16111, Merrill 6567.

A species known only from high altitudes of the Benguet-Lepanto region, and
the mountains of Zambales.

As the preceding species is apparently the Philippine representative of Senecio
scandens, so the present one apparently is our representative of the widespread
Senecio nemorensis Linn., which extends from central and northern Europe to
Kamtschatka, Japan, and China.

EMILIA Cass.

1. E. pinnatifida Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 1 (1906) Suppl. 243,
In the pine region, C. M. Z. 16196.
Characteristic of open pine forests in the Benguet-Lepanto region; endemic.

CIRSIUM Scop.

1. Cirsium luzoniense Merrill sp. nov. ,

Cnicus wallichii Rolfe in Journ. Bot. 23 (1885) 214; Vidal Rev. Pl. Vase. Filip.
(1886) 164, non Hook, f.

Cirsium wallichii Elm. Leafl. Philip. Bot. 1 (1906) 178, non DC.

Cnicus argyracanthus F.-Vill. Nov. App. (1882) 353, non DC,

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400 MERRILL AND MERRITT.

Planta stricta, erecta, 40 ad 80 cm alta; foliis sessilibus, lanceolatis
vel oblongo-lanceolatis, valde sinuato-lobatis, lobis dentibusque valde

‘spinosis. Capitulis circiter 2.5 cm diametro; bracteis pluriseriatis, exter-

ioribus parvis, apice spinosis, interioribus gradatim longioribus, spinosis
vel acuminatis, vix dilatatis, vix patulis; floribus ¢ circiter 2 em
longis.

A strict, erect, stout perennial reaching a height of nearly 1 m, often
much smaller, with few short branches bearing the heads in the upper
part. Stems striate, more or less densely clothed with brownish, soft,
weak hairs, the under surfaces of the leaves also with similar hairs.
Leaves alternate, sessile, the lower ones often 30 em long, 8 cm wide,
frequently much smaller, lanceolate to oblong-lanceolate in outline,
prominently sinuate-lobed, the lobes extending nearly to the midrib,
each lobe with few large and more numerous smaller teeth, these teeth
and the lobes terminating in sharp, slender, stout spines, the spines
terminating the lobes and larger teeth often 1 cm long, the lobes
about 12 on each side of the midrib. The uppermost leaves much |
reduced and very spiny, especially those subtending the heads. Heads
solitary, terminating the stems and branches, about 2.5 cm in diameter,
ovoid or subglobose. Flowers pale-purple to nearly white, the ¢ ones
about 2 cm long. Outer involucral bracts about 7 mm long and 1.5 mm
wide, lanceolate, prominently and sharply awned-acuminate, the inner
ones gradually longer but with shorter awns, the innermost about 18
mm long and 2 mm wide, their apices not at all inflated, strict, not or
but slightly spreading, acuminate, shortly awned, more or less scarious
or nearly glabrous. Achenes oblong, smooth, 4 mm long, pappus-hairs
about 12 mm long, white. Corolla 16 mm long, the lower half very
slender, then abruptly enlarged, the enlarged portion split for one-half
its length into 5 narrow lobes. Anthers 6 mm long, the filaments scarious.

A species very widely distributed in the Benguet-Lepanto region and also
found on Mount Banajao, most of the material here considered previously having
been referred in our herbarium to Cirsiwm wallichii DC. I am now of the opinion
that the Philippine plant is specifically distinct from the Himalayan form, and it
is accordingly here described as new. From DeCandolle’s species, as described,
our specimens differ especially in the inner involucral bracts not being at all
dilated, and not or but slightly spreading. Cirsium lugoniense is represented by
the following specimens, all from Luzon:

Province of Benguet, Mount Pulog, For. Bur. 16125 Curran, Merritt, &
Zschokke, Merrill 5692, Bur. Sci. 8872 McGregor; Pauai, Bur. Sci, 4339, 4493
Mearns, Merrill 4745, For. Bur. 14429 Darling; Mount Tonglon (Santo Tomas),
Elmer 6278, Williams 1981 (type), Mor. Bur. 4962 Curran: Province of Laguna,

Mount Banajao, Bur. Sci. 6064 Robinson, Bur. Sci. 2391 Foxworthy: Bontoe Sub-
province, Bauco, Vanoverbergh 209.

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THE FLORA OF MOUNT PULOG. AOL

AINSLIAEA DC.

1. A. reflexa Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 1 (1906) Suppl. 242.

Common in the mossy forest, but not extending below or above its limits,
C. M. Z. 16195, Merrill 6498.

Widely distributed on the higher mountains of the Benguet-Lepanto region,
also on Mount Banajao, Province of Laguna, Luzon, and on Mount Halcon, Min-
doro; Formosa.

SONCHUS Linn.

1. S. arvensis Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 793.
In the pine region, generally a weed in camote fields, C. M. Z. 16107, Merrill
6545. 2
Known in the Philippines only from medium and high altitudes in northern
Luzon; widely distributed in temperate and subtropical regions of the world, its
original home uncertain.
LACTUCA Linn.

1. L. dentata (Thunb.) C. B. Rob. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 3 (1908) Bot. 218.

Common in the pine region, extending into the lower part of the mossy forest,
CO. M. Z. 16112, Merrill 6546.

Abundant in the Benguet-Lepanto region, and on higher mountains southward
to Mount Apo, Mindanao; Japan to southern China and Formosa.

CREPIS Linn.

1. C. japonica (Linn.) Benth. Fl. Hongk. (1861) 194.

In the lower parts of the mossy forest, Merrill 6571.

Widely distributed in the Philippines at medium and higher altitudes; India to
Japan, southward to Malaya and Australia, also in Mauritius and southern Africa.

ILLUSTRATIONS. -

.

Prate I. Chart showing the daily range of temperature on Mouft Pulog, January
3 to 9, 1909. eo
II, Panorama from the summit of Mount Pulog, from the northeast through
the east, to the southwest.
III. Continuation of Plate II, panorama from the southwest to the northeast.
(Foreground in the center lost by raising the camera too much.)
IV. Extreme summit of Mount Pulog, showing the characteristic grass-
covered upper slopes.
MAP.

Map showing the location of Mount Pulog, and the neighboring mountains, from
Mount Tonglon and Mount Ugo north to Mount Data. Prepared under the
direction of Maj. George P. Ahern, Director of Forestry, from surveys made by
Mr. Charles Benson, of the Bureau of Lands, and Messrs. H. M. Curran, M. L.
Merritt, and T. C. Zschokke, of the Bureau of Forestry.

97605——3 403

el Se re eee ee

MERRILL AND MERRITT: FLORA OF MouNT PULOG.] (PHIL. JOURN. ScI., Vou. V, No. 5.

Daity RANGE OF TEMPERATURE,
ON Mr. Putoe TRIP.

Degrees, ¢ 8 10 12 2 4 6 8 e -% 2 i 6 Me pease
23 A. M. ae = PM A.M. 73.4
22 7. es ~It716

es Sevef
21 Wig <— 69.8
20 a > 68.0
19 cose A. <a> 66.2
18 eta Bi Ghat
a 17 : or Sy,
7 Le, 1 a RAS 62.6
< BS 7 Figs ‘3 SP sioo ft. Sgn? _ 60.8
Or, “ss ro 5
Is Be: 7454 fy J eg ” Ss a0
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Wa 9500 ft. vio ..c.edeoe>™ 50.0
9

» Alextteme summit, Jah. 5 482
8 46.4

PLATE I.

MERRILL AND MERRITT: FLORA OF MOUNT PULOG.] (PHIL. JOURN, SCI., VoL. V, No. 5.

NORTH.
Mount DATA,
MOUNT PULOGLOKO MounT AMuyYAO,
MounT
MOUNT AKI. MounT BUuLBUL. MOUNT NATOO. | PANOTOAN, ee POLIS RANGE.

MOUNT MANGAOTO.

MALAYA 1
'

WEST.

MouNT KIAS, MOUNT TONGLON AGNO RIVER NEAR ADONAY PAUAI. MOUNT SINGAKALSA,

PLATE Il.

MERRILL AND MERRITT: FLORA OF MOUNT PULOG.] [PuHin. Journ. Sct., Vou. V, No. 5.
SOUTH.

MOUNT PUADON.

CARABALLO SUR RANGE. MOUNT LIBUNG. MOUNT PALANSA. MounT UGO.

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PLATE Ill.

MERRILL AND MERRITT: FLORA OF MOUNT PULOG.] (PHIL. JouRN. ScI., VoL. V, No. 5.

MERRILL AND MERRITT: FLORA OF MOUNT PULOG.]

[PHIL JouRN, ScI., VoL. V, No. 5.

120°40'

120°50'

USseh “TTT
. Mt.Tagatalan Binu c
Mt.Tunglaoa 4

16°50)

16°50

PORTION OF BENGUET

Showing the location of Mount Pulog

Mountain Province, Luzon. P. I, $;
4e

\y Pangpang

Prepared under the Direction of
Major GEORGE P. AHERN

Director of Forestry.

JULY 1910

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P. Benavides.

Map SHowrne THE LOCATION or Mount PuLoG, AND THE NEIGHBORING MOUNTAINS, FROM Mount ToNGLON AND Mount Uco Norra To Mount Data.

PHILIPPINE JOURNAL OF SCIENCE, C. BoTANY.
Vol. V, No. 5, November, 1910.

A REVISION OF PHILIPPINE PIPERACEAE.

By C. DE CANDOLLE.

(Geneva, Switzerland.)

When I undertook this revision, the total number of Piperaceae known
to exist in the Philippines amounted to thirty species; it now reaches
one hundred and twenty-five, of which twenty-two species are Peperomia,
and one hundred and three are Piper. This large increase testifies
to the great activity of the American botanists who are pursuing the
scientific exploration of the Archipelago.

For the opportunity to prepare the present paper I feel particularly
indebted to Mr. Merrill, botanist, Bureau of Science, who has kindly
put at my disposal the rich materials deposited in the Herbarium of
that institution. Mr. A. D. E. Elmer has also greatly helped me by
sending numerous specimens collected by himself, to which he has
added instructive annotations. The novelties in Mr. Elmer’s collection
have been fully described in his “Leaflets of Philippine Botany,” * and in
the present paper they are merely mentioned in their proper places among
the other Philippine Piperaceae, except in the case of nine species that
were based partly on material collected by Mr. Elmer, and partly on
material in the Herbarium of the Bureau of Science, where the descrip-
tions are repeated.

However large may appear the number of new species proposed in
the following pages, it is probable that many more are still to be dis-
covered in the Philippines. It is, moreover, highly desirable that male
and female plants should be found to match with the too numerous
species which are, as yet, known only by specimens of one or the other sex.

While studying the abundant materials of the recent collections, I
was much surprised at finding that such a remarkable type as Piper
Rhyncholepsis, formerly described and figured by Miquel as a distinct
genus (Rhyncholepsis Miq.), has not been met with again by any of
the modern explorers. I have also looked in vain in their collections
for Piper longum L., the presence of which in the Archipelago rests,
so far, on a single specimen contained in my own herbarium, and
probably obtained from that of Thibaud.

* Philippine Piperaceae 1. c. 3 (1910)° 755-785 (Article 44).
ho 405

406 DE CANDOLLE.

Most of the Malayan Piperaceae are missing in the Philippines, as is
also the case with those of New Guinea, Samoa, and Viti, of which
I have just made a special study. In fact the Philippines certainly
possess a very large number of endemic Piperaceae. While a great
majority of the species seem to be narrowly localized, it is interesting
to note that some are, on the contrary, widely spread in the various
Islands. Striking examples of widely distributed but endemic species
are furnished by such species as Piper marivelesanum, P. albidirameum,
P. abbreviatum, and P. pseudochavica; Piper corylistachyon, a species
which has hitherto been known only from the Philippines, and which
is well characterized by the structure of its anthers, is also disseminated
all over the Archipelago, but it is not strictly endemic, one of its forms
having been recently collected in New Guinea, while Piper Northalsii
Miq., which I have here made the type of a new section of the genus,
is very widely distributed in the Philippines, and is also found in
Sumatra.

All measurements mentioned in this revision are taken from dried
specimens. The foliar characters indicated in the diagnoses and keys
always refer to the leaves from the upper part, that is to say, of the
flowering part of the branches, and the width of the leaves is taken
from their widest portions.

PEPEROMIA Ruiz & Pavon.

‘KEY TO THE PHILIPPINE SPECIES.
1. Leaves opposite.
2. Limb of leaves glabrous, elliptic, up to 3.7 em long and 1.7 em wide.
1. P. lagunaensis
2. Limb of leaves pubescent on both surfaces.
3. Limb elliptic, up to 12.5 em long, and 8 mm wide............ 2. P. canlaonensis
3. Limb oblong- or obovate-elliptic, 17 mm long, 6 mm wide.
3. P. Ventenatii B pubescens
3. Limb elliptic-lanceolate, 22 to 30 mm long, 12 to 17 mm wide.
4. P. recurvata forma pilosior
3. Limb obovate, cuneate at the base, up to 25 mm long.
4. P. recurvata forma longispica
1. Leaves in whorls.
2. Rachis glabrous.
3. Limb glabrous, obovate-elliptic, 12 to 20 mm long, 8 to 10 mm wide.

P 5. P. rubrivenosa

3. Limb pubescent, ovate-elliptic or subrhomboid, up to 25 mm long and 18
MR WAG: 52. .2s.6 sg Site eee ete Pee eee Ince oo ccec 2-3. Ee 6. P. tomentosa

2. Rachis pubescent; limb elliptic or rounded, 8 to 10 mm long, 6 to 8 mm
wide, glabrous or more or less pubescent..............2...22.220.20-2s0e00e00+- 7. P. reflexa

1, Leaves alternate.
2. Limb of leaves quite glabrous.
3. Stigma inserted a little below the top of the ovary.
4. Limb ovate-rounded, up to 17 mm long and wide.............. 8. P. lanaoensis

A REVISION OF PHILIPPINE PIPERACEAE. 407

4. Limb elliptic-lanceolate, 3 to 5 em long, 2 to 3 em wide... 9. P. laevifolia
3. Stigma inserted on top of the ovary.
4. Limb rounded-cordate or reniform, about 6 mm long and 8 mm wide.
10. P. exigua
4. Limb deltoid-cordate, about 25 mm long and 20 mm wide.
ll. P. pellucida
4. Limb ovate, up to 40 mm long and 30 mm wide................ 12. P. Merrillii
4. Limb elliptic-lanceolate, 40 mm long, 20 mm wide; spike 1.5 mm thick.
13. P. apoana
4. Limb elliptic-lanceolate, 42 mm long, 22 mm wide; spike 1 mm thick.
14. P. pellucidopunctulata
2. Limb of leaves glabrous on both surfaces, ciliate on the margins, elliptic-

lanceolate, up to 15 mm long and 13 mm wide................--. 15. P. negrosensis
2. Limb of leaves glabrous on the upper surface, pubescent underneath, elliptic-
lanceolate, 40 mm long, 29 mm Wide..........-.------------1+---+-+ee0eteees 16. P. Elineri

2. Limb of leaves pubescent on both surfaces.
3. Limb not black-dotted.
4. Limb obovate or elliptic, up to 23 mm long and 17 mm wide, not densely

| (een enmemERene || Ok 17. P. Macgregorii
4. Limb obovate, up to 20 mm long and 12 mm wide, rather densely
puberulous -...........-----eeeceeecececeecsenenneecnmannsenncncnncesescsesessees 18. P. rivulorum

4. Limb elliptic-lanceolate, about 20 mm long and 12 mm wide, hairs very
SHO ee tee nc LE ee ea 19. P. puberulifolia

4, Limb eHiptic-lanceolate, up to 25 mm long and 10 mm wide, hairs long.
20. P. mindoroensis

4, Limb elliptic, up to 26 mm long and 20 mm wide, hairs long.
21. P. marivelesana

3. Limb black-dotted underneath, subobovate-elliptic, hairs very short.
22. P. pallidibacca
1. Peperomia lagunaensis ©. DC. sp. nov,

- Foliis modice petiolatis, ellipticis, basi et apice acutis, utrinque glabris
et junioribus margine ciliatis, dein omnino glabris, 3-nerviis, petiolis
glabris; pedunculis axillaribus terminalibusque glabris, quam petioli
duplo longioribus; spicis maturis folia paullo superantibus, subdensi-
floris; bracteae pelta orbiculari centro subsessili; antheris ellipticis,
filamentis brevibus; ovario emerso obovato paullulo sub apice stigma-
tifero, stigmiate’ parvo glabro, bacea globosa glandulis asperulata.

Herba epiphytica. Caulis inferne e nodis radicans et haud dense
pilosus, superne ramulosus et glaber. Ramuli glabri in sicco complanati,

- in sicco usque ad 1.5 mm crassi. Folia opposita. Limbi in sicco mem-

branacei, superis usque ad 37 mm longi et 17 mm lati. Petioli 5 mm,
pedunculi 10 mm longi. Spicae usque ad 3 cm longae, 1 mm crassae.
Bacca sessilis, sine pseudocupula, 0.5 mm crassa.

Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mount Maquiling, Merrill 5130, altitude about
1,100 m, March, not common; Mount Banajao, Bur. Sci. 6079 Robinson, March,
Bur. Sci. 2446 Foaworthy, March: Province of Bataan, Mount Mariveles, Whitford
114, May, Bur. Sci. 6210 Robinson, August. :

408 DE CANDOLLE.

2. Peperomia canlaonensis ©. DC. sp. nov.

Foliis sat longe petiolatis ellipticis basi subacutis apice obtusis, supra
parce subtus densius et praesertim ad nervum pilosis, 1-nerviis ner-
vuloque marginali fere usque ad tertiam partem longitudinis limbi ab
apice decurrente, nervulis lateralibus paucis tenuissimis; petiolo piloso ;
pedunculis terminalibus pilosis petiolos pluries superantibus, spicis sub-
densifloris quam folia paullo longioribus, bracteae pelta rotunda centro
brevissime pedicellata, antheris ellipticis; ovario emerso ovato superne
in stilum cylindricum carnosum producto, stilo summo apice stigmatifero,
stigmate penicillato; bacca subglobosa apice mucronulata, sine pseudo-
cupula et glandulis subasperulata.

Herba ad terram vel arborum truncos inter muscos repens. Caulis fili-
formis pilosus. Folia opposita. Limbi in siceo membranacei et sparsim
pellucido-punctati, usque ad 12.5 mm longi et 8 mm lati. Petioli 4
mm, pedunculi 12 mm longi. Bracteae pelta 0.5 mm diametro. Bacca
sessilis, fere 1 mm longa et 0.75 mm crassa.

Necros, Canlaon Voleano, Phil. Pl. 251 Merrill, April, in the mossy forest,
altitude 1,400 to 2,000 m.

3. Peperomia Ventenatii Mig. 8 punanents Migq. in Noy. Act. Acad. Nat. Cur.
19 (1843) Suppl. 1: 486.

Foliis modice petiolatis, oblongo- vel obovato-ellipticis, basi acutis
apice obtusis subacutisve, utrinque et subtus densius hirtellis, 1-nerviis
nervuloque marginali ab apice decurrente; petiolis hirtellis; pedunculis
terminalibus, hirtellis petiolos multo superantibus; spicis subdensifloris
quam foliorum limbi subtriplo longioribus; bracteae pelta orbiculari
centro breviter pedicellata, antheris rotundatis quam filamenta breviori-
bus; ovario emerso obovato-oblongo sub apice stigmatifero, stigmate
minuto glabro, rhachi tarde sub bacca globosa producta.

Herba epiphyta, in truncis muscosis. Caulis subglaber inferne e nodis
radicans, in sicco 1 mm crassus. Ramuli spiciferi dense hirtelli. Folia
opposita. Limbi in sicco membranacei, 17 mm longi, 6 mm _ lati.
Petioli 2 mm, pedunculi 11 mm longi. Spicae 35 mm longae, 1 mm
crassae.

Luzon, District of Lepanto, Mount Data, Verrill 4592, November.
The type of the species is from Java.

4. Peperomia recurvata Mig. Syst. Pip. (1843) 141, forma pilosior C, DC.

Foliis breviter petiolatis, elliptico-lanceolatis, basi et apice acutis vel
supremis obovatis basi acutis et summo apice acutis, utrinque dense
hirtellis, 3-nerviis nervuloque marginali ex apice decurrente ; pedunculis
terminalibus axillaribusque petiolos superantibus dense hirtellis; spicis
glabris glandulis conspersis folia fere triplo superantibus; bracteae pelta
suborbiculari centro subsessili, antheris rotundato-ellipticis, ovario obovato

_ paullo sub apice stigmatifero, stigmate minuto glabro.

SE EL RE eee Oe a ee eee Tet ~~ # .

A REVISION OF PHILIPPINE PIPERACEAE. 409

Herba, caule dense hirtello e nodis radicante, in sicco 2 mm crasso.
Folia opposita. Limbi in sicco membranacei creberrime pellucido-punc-
tulati, 22-30 mm longi et 12-17 mm lati. Petioli 3 mm, pedunculi
fere 5 mm longi. Spicae florentes circiter 32 mm longae et 0.75 mm
crassae,

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Baguio, on mossy cliffs, Elmer 6622, June, Bur.

Sci. 3501 Mearns, July.
The typical form of the species grows in Java.

Forma longispica C. DC. forma nov,

Foliis breviter petiolatis e basi cuneata obovatis apice rotundatis,
utrinque petiolisque dense hirsutis, 3-nerviis; pedunculis axillaribus ter-
minalibusque hirsutis quam petioli multo longioribus, spicis folia
pluries superantibus, bracteae pelta rotundato-elliptica supra centrum
pedicellata; antheris ellipticis, filamentis sat longis, ovario emerso ovato,
sub apice stigmatifero, stigmate glabro, bacca globosa glandulis asperulata.

Herba rupicola, caule dense hirsuto inferne e nodis radicante, 2.6 mm
crasso, superne ramuloso. Ramuli spiciferi hirsuti, 1.5 mm crassi in
sicco, subteretes.. Folia caulinia terna, ramulorum spiciferorum opposita.
Limbi in sicco membranacei, usque ad 25 mm longi et 12 mm lati.
Petioli 3 mm, pedunculi 10 mm longi. Spicae maturae usque ad 10.5
cm longae, in sicco 0.5 mm crassae.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Kabayan, on wet rocky banks, Merrill 4425,
October; Baguio, For. Bur. 4847 Curran, August, Williams 1084, June.

5. Peperomia rubrivenosa C. DC. sp. nov.

Foliis superis ternis, breviter petiolatis obovato-ellipticis, ima basi
acutis subacutisve apice rotundatis, utrinque petiolisque glabris, incon-
spicue 3-nerviis, superis ternatis; pedunculis axillaribus terminalibusque
petiolos pluries superantibus, densifloris; bracteae pelta orbiculari centro
pedicellata ; antheris ellipticis, filamentis brevibus; ovario rhachi impresso
obovato, paullo sub apice stigmatifero, stigmate minuto glabro.

Herba epiphyta. Caulis in sicco complanatus 2 mm crassus, inferne
radicans, pilosus, pilis fere 1.5 mm longis. Folia infera opposita. Limbi
in sicco membranacei, pellucido-punctati, pallide virescentes, in vivo sub-
tus rubrivenosi; limbi inferi utrinque pilosi, superi utrinque glabri,
12-20 mm longi, 8-17 mm lati. Petioli 2.5 mm, pedunculi 10 mm
longi. Spicae florentes usque ad 4 cm longae et 1 mm crassae.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Baguio, on trees, Williams 1083, May.

6. Peperomia tomentosa A. Dietr. Sp. Pl. 1 (1831) 172, 6 carnosa C. DC.
Prodr. 16% (1869) 455. =

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Baguio, Dr. Pond, March: Province of Abra,
Bur. Sci. 7226 Ramos, February. Minpanao, Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley, Mrs.
Clemens’ 517, April, s. n., July.

Java.

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410 DE CANDOLLE.

7. Peperomia reflexa A. Dietr. Sp. Pl. 1 (1831) 180.

Forma subsessilifolia C. DC. Prodr. 16" (1869) 452.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Mount Tonglon (Santo Tomas), For. Bur. 11105
Whitford, April, Bur. Sci. 5404 Ramos, December, Elmer 8576, succulent herbs
forming loose tufts upon moss-covered shrubs in dense woods; Mount Pulog, For.
Bur. 16239 Curran, Merritt & Zschokke, January.

In the Hawaiian and other Pacific Islands.

Forma capensis Miq. Syst. Pip. (1843) 169. _

Luzon, District of Lepanto, Mount Data, on mossy tree-trunks, Merrill 4583,
November, For, Bur. 16008 Bacani, January: Province of Benguet, Mount Tonglon
(Santo Tomas), on trees, For. Bur. 5066 Curran, August; Pauai, Bur. Sci. 8461
McGregor, June, altitude about 2,100 m. Mrnpanao, District of Davao, Mount
Apo, Copeland, April.

South Africa.

Forma parvilimba C. DC. forma nov.
Limbis rotundato-ellipticis rotundisve, membranaceis, supra puberulis,
subtus glabris, 6 mm longis.

Luzon, Province of Pampanga, Mount Arayat, on rocks near the summit, .
Merrill 3918, October, Bolster 97, May.

Forma calcicola C. DC. forma nov. ;
Limbis rotundis vel ovato-rotundis utrinque glabris, coriaceis, 8-9 mm
longis.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Baguio, plentiful on limestone formations, Hlmer
6077, March, Bur. Sci. 3480 Mearns, July, Williams 1114, May.

8. Peperomia lanaoensis C. DC. sp. nov.

Omnino glabra, foliis sat longe petiolatis subovato-rotundis, 5-nerviis ;
pedunculis oppositifoliis terminalibusque petiolos aequantibus; spicis
quam foliorum limbi subduplo longioribus, densifloris; bracteae pelta
orbiculari centro pedicellata, filamentis antheras superantibus, ovatrio
emerso obovato paullo sub apice stigmatifero.

Herba repens. Caulis tenuis, in sicco 0.55-0.75 mm crassus. Folia
alterna. Limbi in sicco tenuiter membranacei, usque ad 17 mm longi
latique. Petioli 8 mm longi. Spicae florentes 3 cm longae, 1 mm
crassae, :

MINDANAO, Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley, Mrs. Clemens 625, June.

9. Peperomia laevifolia Miq. Syst. Pip. (1843) 107.

Luzon, Province of Bataan, Lamao River, Mount Mariveles, Merrill 3205,
October, on wet mossy rocks, exposed ridges in the mossy forest, altitude about
1,200 m. ‘

Java.

10. Peperomia exigua Miq. Syst. Pip. (1843) 77.
MINDANAO, District of Davao, Mount Apo, Elmer 11004, June.
Java,

Ee ER uf

A REVISION OF PHILIPPINE PIPERACEAE. 411

11. Peperomia pellucida Kunth in H. B. K. Noy. Gen. 1 (1815) 64.

Luzon, Manila, very common in damp places, Elmer 5511, January, Merrill 87,
May, Reyes 35, September: Province of Pampanga, Bacolor, Parker 23, May.

The plant is used in various ways, either as a remedy or as a condiment and
is now widely spread in all tropical countries.

12. Peperomia Merrillii C. DC. sp. nov.

Omnino glabra, foliis modice petiolatis, superis: ovatis, basi obtusis
superne breviter attenuatis et apice acutis obtusisve, 5-nerviis nervuloque

-marginali ab apice usque ad medium decurrente ; pedunculis oppositifoliis

quam petioli brevioribus, spicis adultis quam foliorum limbi paullo
longioribus; bractea orbiculari centro pedicellata; filamentis adultis sat
longis antheris rotundis quam filamenta brevioribus; ovario emerso
ovato, summo apice stigmatifero, bacca ‘globosa glandulis asperulata et
sine pseudocupula.

Herba in rupibus repens, in vivo succulentissima. Caulis in sicco
complanatus usque ad 3 mm crassus. Folia alterna. Limbi in sicco
tenuiter membranacei usque ad 4 em longi et 3 cm lati, limbi inferi
rotundato-ovati basi et apice obtusi. Petioli 10-15 mm, pedunculi 5 mm
longi. Spicae bacciferae usque ad 4.5 cm longae et 2 mm crassae.
Bacca sessilis.

Luzon, Province of Cavite, Maragondong, in ravines along streams, altitude
about 300 m, Merrill 4180, July: Provinee of Rizal, Bosoboso, For. Bur, 3359
Ahern’s collector, September, Bur. Sci. 1071 Ramos, July; Montalban, Loher 4585,
June.

13. Peperomia apoana C. DC. sp. nov.

Omnino glabra, foliis breviter petiolatis elliptico-lanceolatis basi cune-
atis apice obtusiusculis, 3-nerviis; pedunculis terminalibus axillaribusque
quam petioli paullo longioribus; spicis quam folia longioribus, bracteae
pelta orbiculari centro subsessili, antheris ellipticis, ovario emerso obovato
summo apice stigmatifero, stigmate minuto.

Herba epiphyta. Caulis 1.5 mm crassus, inferne e nodis radicans.
Folia alterna. Limbi in sicco membranacei opaci, 4 cm longi, usque ad
2 cm lati. Petioli 3 mm longi. Spicae 4.5 em longae, 1.5 mm crassae.
Filamenta antheris breviora.

MINDANAO, District of Davao, Mount Apo, Copeland 1002, April.

14. Peperomia pellucidopunctulata ©. DC. in Elm. Leafl. Philip. Bot. °3
(1910) 756.

Omnino «glabra, foliis modice petiolatis elliptico-lanceolatis basi et
apice acutis, 5-nerviis; pedunculis terminalibus petiolos paullo superan-
tibus; spicis folii limbum paullo superantibus subdensifloris; bractea
orbiculari centro pedicellata, antheris parvis ellipticis; ovario emerso
turbinato summo apice stigmatifero stigmate globoso, bacca subglobosa
basi breviter attenuata.

412 DE CANDOLLE.

Caulis inferne e nodis radicans, ramosus. Rami ut videtur erecti

_ circiter 25 cm longi, in sicco 2.5 mm crassi. Folia alterna. Limbi in

sicco membranacei creberrime pellucido-punctulati, superi usque ad 42
mm longi et 22 mm lati. Petioli 9 mm, pedunculi 12 mm longi.
Spicae maturae 5 cm longae, 1 mm crassae. Rhachis sub bacca tarde in
processum conicum producta. Bacca glandulis asperulata, fere 0.75 mm
longa.

Luzon, Province of Albay, Mount Mayon, Bur. Sci. 2962 Mearns, June, Bur.
Sci. 6469 Robinson, September; Province of Benguet, Baguio, Hlimer 8436, March,
a succulent herb on moist, deeply shaded cliffs and on moss-covered trees.

15. Peperomia negrosensis (. DC. in Elm. Leafl. Philip. Bot. 3 (1910) 756
Neoros, Dumaguete, Cuernos Mountains, Elmer 9425, March.

16. Peperomia Elmeri C. DC, in Elm. Leafl. Philip. Bot. 3 (1910) 757.
MINDANAO, District of Davao, Todaya (Mount Apo), Elmer 10493, May.

17. Peperomia Macgregorii ©. DC. sp. nov.

Foliis breviter petiolatis, superis obovatis ellipticisve, basi acutis apice
rotundatis, utrinque haud dense pilosis, 3-nerviis et creberrime nervulosis
nervuloque marginali ab apice usque ad medium decurrente, petiolo haud
dense piloso; pedunculis terminalibus haud dense pilosis quam petioli
fere triplo longioribus, spicis florentibus quam foliorum limbi duplo
longioribus, bracteae pelta rotunda centro breviter pedicellata, antheris
ellipticis, ovario obovato paullo sub apice oblique stigmatifero, stigmate
minuto glabro.

Herba repens. Caulis dense pilosus in sicco membranaceus, 1.5 mm
crassus, pili fere 0.75 mm longi. Folia alterna. Limbi in sicco tenuis-
sime membranacei, epunctulati, usque ad 23 mm longi et ad 17 mm
lati. Petioli 2.mm longi. Spicae 4 cm longae, fere 1.5 mm crassae.
Bracteae pelta 0.75 mm diametro.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Pauai, altitude about 2,100 m, Bur. Sci. 8380
McGregor, June.

18. Peperomia rivulorum C. DC. in Elm. Leafl. Philip. Bot. 3 (1910) 758.
MrinpANnao, District of Davao, Todaya (Mount Apo), Elmer 11148, July.

19. Peperomia puberulifolia C. DC. sp. nov.

Foliis breviter petiolatis elliptico-lanceolatis, basi acutis apice obtusius-
culis utrinque puberulis, 3-nerviis, petiolo puberulo; pedunculis termina-
libus glabris quam petioli pluries longioribus, spicis quam foliorum limbi
longioribus, bracteae pelta rotunda centro subsessili, ovario emerso obovato
paullulo sub apice oblique stigmatifero, stigmate glabro.

Herba repens. Caulis puberulus 1 mm crassus, pili brevissimi. Folia
alterna. Limbi in sicco membranacei, superi fere 2 cm longi et 12
mm lati. Petioli 4 mm, pedunculi-15 mm longi. Spicae 2.5 cm longae,
0.5 mm crassge.

Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mabalucbaluc Pass, Bur. Sci. 6047 Robinson, March.

~

A REVISION OF PHILIPPINE PIPERACEAE. 413

20. Peperomia mindoroensis ©. DC. sp. nov.

Foliis modice petiolatis, alternis vel oppositis, elliptico-lanceolatis basi
et apice acutis utrinque petiolisque sat longe pilosis, 3-nerviis, nervis
lateralibus quam centralis multo tenuioribus; pedunculis axillaribus ter-
minalibusque petiolos superantibus, spicis maturis quam folia paullo
longioribus, bracteae pelta orbiculari centro subsessili; ovario rhachi
impresso, obovato, paullo sub apice stigmatifero, stigmate minuto glabro,
bacca globosa.

Herba arboricola. Caulis repens, in sicco 1 mm crassus, teres, ramu-
lique dense et sat longe pilosi. Folia plerumque alterna, follis oppositis
intermixta. Limbi in sicco membranacei, usque ad 25 mm longi et, 10
mm lati. Petioli 4 mm, pedunculi usque ad 8mm longi. Spicae maturae

- usque ad 40 mm longae, 1 mm crassae. Rhachis sub bacca tarde pro-

ducta. Bacca glandulis asperulata, sine pseudocupula.

Mrnvoro, Binabay River, on mossy trees, Merrill 6107, 6184, November.

21. Peperomia marivelesana ©. DC. in Elm. Leafl. Philip. Bot. 3 (1910) 758.

Foliis modice petiolatis, ellipticis basi acutis apice breviter et obtuse
attenuatis utrinque appresse et sat longe pilosis, margine ciliatis, 3-
nerviis ; petiolo dense hirsuto; pedunculo petiolum fere aequante hirsuto ;
spicis quam foliorum limbi subtriplo longioribus, filiformibus, glandulis
conspersis; bracteae pelta orbiculari centro pedicellata, glandulis con-
spersa ; antheris rotundatis, ovario emerso obovato, sub apice stigmatifero,
stigmate glabro.

Herba repens carnosa. Caulis ramulique dense hirsuti, ramuli in
sicco 1 mm crassi. Folia alterna vel opposita. Limbi in sicco mem-
branacei, pellucido-punctati, usque ad 26 mm longi et 20 mm lati.
Petioli usque ad 8 mm longi. Spicae florentes 15 mm longae, 1 mm
crassae. Bracteae pelta 1.25 mm diametro. Filamenta antheris breviora.

Luzon, Province of Bataan, Mount Mariveles, altitude about 1,100 m, on rocks
and trees in moss, Merrill 3721, January, Whitford 313, May, altitude 280 m,

Elmer 6820, November. PaLawAn, Bur. Sci. 678 Foxworthy (?), sterile specimen.
Mrinporo, Mount Haleon, Merrill 6147, November.

22. Peperomia pallidibacea C. DC. in Elm. Leafl. Philip. Bot. 3 (1910) 759.
Luzon, Province of Benguet, Mount Tonglon (Santo Tomas), Elmer 9344,
March. ‘

PIPER Linn. p. p.

Sectio SarcostemMon C. DC. sect. nov.

Spicae solitariae, oppositifoliae. Flores dioici. Bractea hypopelta
rhachi adnata, et tantum marginibus et extremitatibus libera. Stamen
unicum, anthera in apice filamenti carnosi sita, bilocularis, rimis intvorsis
dehiscens ; ovarium liberum. Bacca sessilis. ;

_ _—

lS i a Ai

—-s

414 DE CANDOLLE.

1, Piper Korthalsii Mig. in Ann. Mus. Bot. Ludg. Bat. 1 (1863) 139; C. DC,
Prodr. 16% (1869) 365,

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Elmer 5896, masc., 5905, fem., 8550, masc., 8760,
fem., Williams 1066, fem., Bur. Sci. 2503 Mearns, fem.: Province of Tayabas,
Lucban, Elmer 9334, fem., climbing slender trees up to 15 feet, there bushy and
much branched, berries yellow, when fully mature red, altitude about 2,000 feet.
Minporo, Bongabong River, Merrill 5592, fem., For. Bur. 3702 Merritt. Nraros,
Cuernos Mountains, Elmer 9598, fem.

Sumatra.

8 longibracteum C. DC. var. nov.

Bractea oblonga utrinque obtusa, 5 mm longa, 1.5 mm lata, filamento
paullo longius puberulo, anthera fere in summo apice filamenti: fasciculis
intramedullaribus 2-seriatis.

MinpAnao, Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley, Mrs. Clemens 463, masc., along the
river, April.

Sectio Euprrer C, DC. Prodr. 16 (1869) 339, emend.

Spicae solitariae, oppositifoliae. Flores dioici, raro hermaphroditi.
Bractea hypopeltata, libera et pedicellata aut centro subsessilis, vel rhachi
adnata et tantum marginibus et extremitatibus libera. Stamina 2 later-
alia, rarius 3 vel 4 quorum 2 lateralia. Ovarium liberum vel in rhachi
partim immersum et inferne cum ea concretum.

KEY TO THE PHILIPPINE SPECIES OF EUPIPER.

1. Berry not stipitate, free or partly imbedded in and conerescent with the rachis,
or berry as yet unknown.
2. Bract free, pedicellate or subsessile.
3. Flowers dioecious.
4. Limb of leaf multinerved, that is, with all the main nerves distinet or
very nearly so from the base.
5. Limb quite glabrous.
6. Berry free.
7. Limb cordate or repand at the base, 6 em long, 1.5 em wide.
2. P. costulatum
7. Limb cordulate at the base, 12 to 15 em long, 4.5 to 5 em wide.
7. P. miniatum (formae)
7. Limb acute at the base.

8. Limb 4 cm long, 1.5 em wide..............0...-..scs010-00- 3. P. eurtifolium
8. Limb 8 em long, 4 em wide... eee 4, P. varibracteum
8. Limb 11 em long, 3.7 em wide..........2-..-...--..... 5. P. cacuminum

6. Berry unknown; limb acute at the base, 5.5 em long, 3.5 em wide.
6. P. fragile var. multinerve
5. Limb glabrous above, more or less pubescent on the lower surface.
6. Berry free.
7. Limb cordulate at the base, 12 to 15 em long, 4.5 to 5 em wide.
7. P. miniatum
7. Limb tapering in its lower part and acute at the base, 9 em long,
Pe I oS cgi ibd, oi cre Side abies soda a0esectulanaanieun 8. P. halconense
6. Berry partly imbedded in and concrescent with the rachis.

A REVISION OF PHILIPPINE PIPERACEAE. 415 ’

7. Peduncle shorter than the petiole; limb ovate, rounded at the base,
BS cart, Lome, 4 i WAG icici ce vteieniosienorinnsnsoamensones 9. P. mindorense
7. Peduncle longer than the petiole; limb oblong-ovate, cordate at the
base, up to 6.5 em long and 3.7 em wide................ 10. P. longum
5. Limb pubescent on both surfaces.
' 6. Berry free and without a style; limb ovate-oblong, obtuse at the
base, 14.5 cm long, 5.2 cm Wide@enii..0.0.... se. ceteecnceneee ll. P. pilipes
6. Berry free and with a terminal style; limb ovate-oblong, cordate at
the base, 13 to 19 em long, up to 9 em wide.... 12. P. rhyncholepsis
4. Limb multiplinerved or penninerved, that is, with some of the lateral
nerves or all of them issuing from the central nerve.
5. Limb cordate at the base.
6. Limb entirely glabrous.
7. Limb multiplinerved.
8. Berry free. ‘
9. Peduncle shorter than the petiole; limb 20 em long, 9.5 em
WIG... 055. -:cc<cctsesasteta then EBiS += 6--2-- 13. P. lageniovarium
9. Peduncle as long as the petiole; ‘limb 7 em Ph 5.5 em wide.
. P. sarmentosum
9. Peduncle longer than the petiole.
10. Limb 12 em‘long, 6.5 em wide... mires tC 15. P. Zamboangae
10. Limb 23 to 26 em long, 13 to 16 em wide.... 16. P. Forstenit
8. Berry partly imbedded in and concrescent with the rachis.
9. Limb 11 em long, 4.5 em wide; spike 3 cm long.
49. P. retrofractum B
9. Limb 17.5 em long, 10.5 em wide; spike 32 cm long.

. ‘17. P. rotundistigmum
8. Berry unknown; peduncle shorter than the petiole; limb 11.5
em long, 9 cm wide.........-.....------ sdk on wiping 18. P. Feniwii

7. Limb penninnerved; berry free; limb 12 to 15 em long, 9 to 10
em wide; connective prolonged above the pollen-sacs.
48. P. corylistachyon forma a
6. Limb glabrous above, more or less pubescent on the lower surface,
at least on the nerves. :
7. Limb up to 14.5 em long and 7 cm wide; female spike 2.5 cm long.
19. P. aurilimbum
7. Limb up to 21 em long and 12 em wide; male spike 11 cm long.
20. P. subprostratum
6. Limb pubescent on both surfaces.
7. Limb ovate-oblong, long-acuminate, 10 cm long, 2.8 em wide.
21. i Ramosivi
7. Limb subovate- -elliptic, shortly acuminate, 19 em long, 9 5 em wide.
22. P. Merrillit
5. Limb semicordate at the base, up to 21 em long and 8 cm wide; male
and female spikes 3 to 4 em long..............-....-..-- 23. P. pseudochavica
5. Limb neither cordate nor semicordate at the base.
6. Limb quite glabrous. :
7. Limb multiplinerved.
8. Berry free.
9. Limb narrowly ovate-lanceolate, up to 8 em long and 2.5 cm
WIS | 2.55. eae esata ier . 59. P. delicatum B
9. Limb elliptic, 16 cm long, 11.5 em wide........ 24, P. cristatum

ee ee ee

416 DE CANDOLLE.

9. Limb elliptic-lanceolate, up to 17 em long and 4.7 em wide.
25. P. longistigmum
9. Limb widely subovate- dite up to 5 em long and 13 em wide.
26. P. albidirameum
8. Berry partly imbedded in and concrescent with the rachis.
9, Limb not attenuate above the extreme base.
10. Rachis glabrous.
11. Peduncle shorter than the petiole.
12. Limb rounded-elliptic, up to 21 em long and 15 em
W108 |... .....ci eae 27. P. maagnasanum
12. Limb widely ovate, up to 22.5 em long and 14 em wide.
28. P. pendulifolium
11. Peduncle longer than the petiole; limb ovate, up to 1).5
em long and 6 em wide................ 29. P. puberulinodum
10, Rachis pilose.
11. Peduncle shorter than the petiole; limb ovate, rounded
or obtuse at the base, 9.5 to 12 em long, 7.5 to 9.5
OPA Wide «.......ccsssilchiocnineiusiec eae 30. P. oophyllum
11, Peduncle nearly equal to the petiole; limb ovate, cordu-
late at the extreme base, 14.5 em long, 9 em wide.
, ; 31. P. petraeum
11. Peduncle longer than the petiole; limb ovate, rounded at
the base, 10 to 13 em long, 6.5 to 7.5 em wide.
32. P. Betle
9. Limb distinctly attenuate from above the base.
10. Rachis glabrous.
11. Limb equilateral at the base.
12. Peduncle nearly equal to the petiolé; limb ovate, up
to 9 cm long, and 6.5 em wide.... 33. P. carnistilum
12. Peduncle longer than the petiole.
13. Limb ovate-lanceolate, 8 to 11 em long, 3 to 4 cm
WIG «...,..----scdesgutesecsy 6h cueesns a 34. P. Chaba
13. Limb rhomboid-lanceolate, 10 em long, 3.2 em wide.
35. P. rhombophyllum
11. Limb distinctly inequilateral at the base; elliptic-lanceo-
late, 6 to 7 cm long, 2.5 to 4 em wide.
36. P. Langlassei

10. Rachis pilose.
11. Peduncle equaling or a little shorter than the petiole.
12. Limb elliptic-lanceolate, 12 em long, 6 em wide.
37. P. breviamentum
12. Limb ovate, up to 9 em long and 4 em wide.
38. P. baguionum
11. Peduncle longer than’ the petiole; limb ovate-lanceolate,
up to 11 em long and 5.5 em wide.. 39. P. bathycarpum
8. Berry unknown. :
9. Limb equilateral or nearly so-at the base.
10, Peduncle shorter than or nearly equal to the petiole.
11. Limb elliptic-lanceolate, 8.5 cm long, 3.5 em wide.
' 40. P. cagayanense
11. Limb oblong: ovate, up to 11 cm long and 5.5 cm wide.
41. P. firmolimbum

So cae ila: EY A, te ee
J ee Tee ae

A REVISION OF PHILIPPINE PIPERACEAE. 417

11. Limb oblong-elliptic-lanceolate, up to 12.5 em long and
aePreny Wille ’...-.-. eee 42. P. malindangense
11. Limb narrowly subovate-lanceolate, up to 9 cm long and
PACH WIG... <nwcnoe acopccusnavectncte eee ee 43. P. podandrum
10. Peduncle longer than the petiole.
11. Limb narrowly ovate-lanceolate; up to 10 em long and
VB om wide oscil eee 44, P. viminale
11. Limb ovate-elliptic, up to 14 em long and 6.5 em wide.
45. P. philippinum
11. Limb elliptic-oblong, 15 em long, 5 em wide.
. 46. P. Jagori
9. Limb distinctly inequilateral at the base; peduncle longer
than the petiole; limb ovate, 6.3 em long, 3.2 em wide.
47. P. polycladum
7. Limb penninerved.
8. Berry free; limb oblong-ovate, 15 to 17 cm long, 6.5 to 7.5 em
wide; connective distinctly prolonged above the pollen-sacks.
: 48. P. corylistachyon
8. Berry partly imbedded in and concrescent with the rachis; limb
oblong-elliptic or ovate-elliptic, 8.5 to 16 em long, 3.5 to 6.5
PRE, naan cea cnn sas noe sagan nooo can penen enema 49. P. retrofractum
8. Berry unknown.
9. Limb equilateral at the base, elliptic-lanceolate, up to 20 cm

ieeerend 8.5. cm wide...................:csscssmens 50. P. penninerve
9. Limb distinctly inequilateral at the base, ovate-lanceolate, up
to 8.5 cm long and 3.5 em wide...................... 51. P. striatum

6. Limb glabrous above, more or less pubescent on the lower surface.
7. Limb multiplinerved.
8. Limb not attenuate above the extreme base.

9. Berry free; limb vetane -lanceolate, up to 16 ¢m long and 5
CM ‘Wide cee see 52. P. oblongibaccum
9. Berry partly {imbedded in and conerescent with the rachis;

limb rounded-ovate, up to 13 em long and 9 em wide.
53. P. Williamsii

9. Berry unknown.
10. Bract orbicular.
11. Limb ovate-elliptic, 6 cm long, 2.6 cm wide.
54. P. Allenii
11. Limb rounded-ovate, 10 to 11 cm long, 7 to 8 em wide.
55. P. sibulanum
11. Limb oblong-ovate, 11 em long, 5 cm wide.
56. P. malarayatense
10. Bract elliptic or semilunar.
11. Spike much shorter than the limb, the limb ovate, up

to 7.2 em long and 3 em wide............ 57. P. siassiense
11. Spike about twice as long as the limb, the limb oblong-
ovate, 7 em long and 3 cm wide........ 58. P. laxirameum

8. Limb attenuate above and acute at the base.
9. Berry free. ;
10. Limb narrowly ovate-lanceolate, up to 8 em long and 2.5
Poss aiee sce. SE a ie er eae Ra 59. P. delicatum
10. Limb elliptic-lanceolate, up to 18 cm long and 7 em wide.
60. P. denudatum
97605——4

418 DE CANDOLLE.

9. Berry partly imbedded in and conerescent with the rachis;
limb elliptic-lanceolate, up to 14 cm long and 6 cm wide.
61. P. longivaginans
7. Limb penninerved.
8. Berry free; limb elliptic-oblong, inequilateral and attenuate at
the base, up to 19 cm long and 6 cm wide.. 62. P. parcirameum
8. Berry partly imbedded in and concrescent with the rachis; limb
elliptic-lanceolate, rounded on one side of the base, up to 13
em long and 5.5 cm Wide... ..0.......iccisssuseas 63. P. crassinodum
6. Limb pubescent on both surfaces,
7. Branchlets glabrous; berry unknown; limb ovate-oblong, up to
11.7 em long and 3.4 em wide............................ 64. P. parcipilum
7. Branchlets pubescent.
8. Berry free; bract orbicular.
9. Limb elliptic-lanceolate, up to 5.5 em long and 2 em wide.
65. P. Robinsonii
9. Limb ovate- or elliptic-lanceolate, 9.5 to 10.5 em long, 3.5 to
DOM WIG oo <. sdeetncndgs thdcncs eck Ce ..... 66. P. ovatibaccum
9. Limb ovate-lanceolate, up to 13 em long and 4 em wide.
67. P. Toppingit
8. Berry unknown; bract obovate; limb ovate-lanceolate, up to 9
em long and 2.5 cm wide....................-0.. 68. P. obovatibracteum
3. Flowers hermaphrodite.
4. Ovary free; limb ovate, acute at the equilateral base, rather long-acumi-
nate, 8.5 cin long, 4.7 om Widen ..s.......ss scene locesosbslnanne 69. P. Mearnsii
4. Ovary partly imbedded in and concrescent with the rachis; limb elliptic-
lanceolate, acute at the equilateral base, long-acuminate, up to 12 em
LOT ATi DN OME WACO cos tether 70. P. Copelandii
2. Bract oblong or obovate-oblong, adnate to the rachis, free only along its
margins and at its extremity; berry free, not stipitate.
3. Flowers dioecious.
4. Limb of leaf multinerved, quite glabrous.
5. Limb 5-nerved, rachis pubescent.
6. Limb elliptic-lanceolate, 7 to 10 em long, 4 to 6 em wide.
71. P. interruptum
6. Limb narrowly ovate-lanceolate, 11.5 cm long, 2.5 em wide.
-72. P. ellipticibaccwm
5. Limb 7-nerved.
6. Limb rounded at the base, subrounded-ovate in outline, acuminate
at the apex, 11 cm long and 6.5 em wide; rachis glabrous.
73. P. Clemensiae
6. Limb acute or subacute at the base; rachis pubescent.
7. Scandent.
8. Limb ovate-lanceolate, up to 12 em long and 6.5 em wide.
74. P. Loheri
8. Limb ovate-elliptic, 16 em long, 8.5 em wide.
75. P. laevirameum
7. Not scandent; limb ovate-lanceolate, 10.5 em long, 5.5 em wide.
76. P. abraense
4. Limb multiplinerved, quite glabrous.
5. Rachis glabrous.

TO Oe eee ae eae a rn Eee Geet, oat Aa

A REVISION OF PHILIPPINE PIPERACEAE. 419

6. Limb ovate-elliptic, acute and slightly longer on one side at the base,
of the same width on both sides of the central nerve, 11 to 15 em
Tota. 8° to Ooi “Wide... 77. P. glabrispicum

6. Limb ovate-elliptic, subacute and of the same length on both sides
at the base, distinctly not of the same width on both sides of the

central nerve, 11 to 15 cm long, 5 to 9 em wide....... 78. P. nigrum

5. Rachis pilose.
6. Limb oblong-ovate, obtuse at the base, 12.5 em long, 4.7 em wide;
spike shorter than the limb. coi 79. P. pilispicum
6. Limb ovate, acute at the base, 9 cm long, 4.7 em wide; spike several
times goneer than: the limb........7 oes 80. P. davaoense

3. Flowers hermaphrodite; limb elliptic, acute at the base, 11 cm long, 5

CUI ac aon soc nace Secs seve mnncisennsvesncaueeecee ees 78. P. nigrum B trioicum

1. Berry free and stipitate.
2. Limb of leaf multinerved and quite glabrous, ovate-elliptic, subacute at the
base, rather long-acuminate at the apex, up to 8.5 em long, 4.5 em wide.

81. P. pulogense

2. Limb multiplinerved.
3. Limb quite glabrous or very sparingly hirtellous on the central nerve

beneath.

4. Bract orbicular and glabrous.

5. Limb oblong-ovate, obtuse or cordulate at the base, up to 10 cm long,

and 78.2:-GIM “Wide | ........:Seeesp en emer a eats =x 3oced Coca atte 82. P. apoanum

5. Limb narrowly oblong-ovate, obtuse and slightly inequilateral at the

base, 11 cm long, 1.8 em wide..... ea asics 83. P. negrosense

5. Limb oblong, equilateral and obtuse or acute at the base, 11 cm long,

S.8 to: 4. cm Widen. ieee eerie ase nee non 84. P. densibaccum

5. Limb elliptic-lanceolate, attenuate in its lower portion, equilateral and
acute at the base, up to 12 em long and 3.5 em wide.

85. P. dipterocarpinum

4. Bract rounded-obovate, glabrous; limb ovate or oblong-ovate, rounded or

subrounded at the slightly inequilateral base, 11.5 em long, 5 to 7.5
CUNY WG. <_-c0-..--.-Soncseght REMI ve lnonao -vnnoenngeenco=cnnctateneng 86. P. dagatpanum

4. Bract transversely elliptic, glabrous; limb elliptic-lanceolate, attenuate

in its lower portion and acute at its equilateral base, 9 to 10 em long,
BH. BB I WAS Sos re a ero ane 5 ov snoe nnn nse opetoonena 87. P. paucinerve

4. Bract orbicular and ciliate on the margin; limb ovate-oblong, cordate at

the base, up to 12 em long and 4 em wide............ 88. P. tenuirameum

3. Limb glabrous or sparingly hirtellous on the central nerve of the upper

surface, more or less pubescent on the lower surface.

4. Berry globose or subglobose.

5. Bract orbicular, glabrous.
6. Limb oblong-ovate, cordulate or obtuse at the base, up to 11.5 em
long and 4.5, cm wageeemuGgres....,................- 89. P. marivelesanum
6. Limb ovate, rounded at the base, attenuate at the apex, up to 10.5
cml lomp and 5.2 sommes coon nc os. 0 80. eg ceescctcses 90. P. basilanum
6. Limb ovate, rounded at the base, long-acuminate at the apex, 12 em
long, 7 em wide 92. P. caninum var. sablanum
6. Limb elliptic-lanceolate, acute at the base, 13.5 cm long, 6 em wide.
91. P. Hallieri
5. Bract obovate-rounded, glabrous; limb ovate-lanceolate, acute at the
base, up to 11.5 em long and 5.5 cm wide.
92. P. caninum yar. glabribracteum

pe ee oh ee

ee or Ss ee ee ee oe? eee ee ee ee ee eee SS! ee ee ee ee ee ee ee ee ean sry ome? gt tS ee

i eee ae 2 eee

420 DE CANDOLLE.

5. Bract orbicular, ciliate on the margins; limb ovate-oblong, acute at the
base, up to 11 em long and 4 em wide........................ 92. P. caninum
4. Berry fusiform; limb narrowly elliptic-lanceolate, 10.5 em long, 3 em wide.
93. P. acutibaccum
3. Limb pubescent on both surfaces.
4. Bract orbicular and glabrous.
5. Limb ovate-acuminate, equilateral and rounded at the base, 8.5 cm long,

A Ib cpa anbicaleecen skis sos crascapaaeet 92. P. caninum var. latibracteum

5. Limb ovate-acuminate, cordate and slightly inequilateral at the base,
TOG cGrph Roma, 4.7 CUMh WIC... ccscesiesenase.ccsascsaeceatereutiontil 94. P. Merrittti

4. Bract obovate, glabrous; limb ovate, equilateral and cordate at the base,
1D OR DOMED CUE WIGC no oacnes fetiececnsneicesencescenieniece 95. P. tenuipedunculatum

2. Limb penninerved.
3. Limb glabrous on the upper surface, pubescent beneath, oblong-ovate, acute
and nearly equilateral at the base, up to 12 ecm long and 5,2 em wide.
96. P. malalaganum
3. Limb pubescent on both surfaces, ovate-elliptic, rounded on one side, acute
on the other side of the inequilateral base, up to 14 cm long and 4.5 em
DITOR ai iota pct tphasbiaas ts Rais discern scbvahinnstntinsies nasal 97. P. villilimbum

2. Piper costulatum ©. DC. in Elm. Leafl. Philip. Bot. 3 (1910) 760.

Foliis breviter petiolatis ovato-lanceolatis basi aequilatera cordatis vel
repandis apice acute et sat longe acuminatis utrinque glabris, 7-9-nerviis,
nervis lateralibus extremis 2 vel 3 quam alii tenuioribus et magis
divaricantibus ; petiolo glabro basi ima vaginante ; stirpis masc. pedunculo
glabro quam petiolus multo breviore, spica subflorente quam folii limbus
quadruplo breviore, rhachi hirtella, bracteae glabrae pelta orbiculari
paullo infra centrum pedicellata, staminibus 2 antheris ovatis parvis;
stirpis fem. pedunculo ut in mare, spica quam folii limbus fere triplo
breviore, cylindrica apice obtusa, rhachi hirtella, bracteae glabrae pelta
orbiculari centro subsessili, bacca libera globosa, stigmatibus 3 oblongis
et acutis.

Dioicum, in arboribus scandens. Ramuli glabri primum costulati
dein teretes, spiciferi 1 mm crassi, collenchyma in fasciculos discretos
in costulis dispositum et haud libriforme, fasciculi intramedullares
1-seriati, canales lysigenes nulli; cellulae selerosae interfasciculares cum
phloemate fasciculorum periphericorum continuae. Limbi in sicco tenu-
iter membranacei pellucidi et minute pellucido-punctulati, in mare usque
ad 6 em longi et 1.5 cm lati, in femina paullo breviores. Petioli circiter
7 mm, pedunculi 3 mm longi. Stirpis masc. spicae florentes 1.25 mm,
stirpis fem. 7 mm crassae, baccae dense confertae 2 mm crassae. Stig-
mata in apice baccae sessilia.

Luzon, Province of Bataan, Mount Mariveles, Merrill 3768, masc., 3248 fem.,
common on ridges in the mossy forest, on small trees, altitude 700 m, Whitford
129, masc., altitude about 1,000 m, For. Bur. 2411 Meyer, masc., altitude about
1,100 m, Williams 415, masc., 743, fem., For. Bur, 6221, 6222 masc., 6271 fem.,
Curran, altitude 800 m, For. Bur. 209 Barnes, masc., For. Bur. 2394, masec., 2097,

fem. Borden, altitude about 1,000 m, Copeland 258, masc., altitude about 1,000 m,
Elmer 6805, fem., Bur. Sci. 1597 Fowworthy, fem.

A REVISION OF PHILIPPINE PIPERACEAE. 421

3. Piper curtifolium C. DC. sp. nov.

Omnino glabrum, foliis parvis modice petiolatis ovato-lanceolatis, in-
ferne attenuatis et ima basi aequilatera acutis apice acute acuminatis,
5-nerviis; petiolo ima basi vaginante; stirpis fem. pedunculo petiolum
aequante, spica matura quam folii limbus fere quadruplo breviore cylin-
drica apice obtusa, bracteae pelta longitudinaliter elliptica centro breviter
pedicellata, ovario libero ovato, stigmatibus 3 vel 4 ovato-acutis, bacca
globosa.

Dioicum, scandens. Ramuli glabri, primum laeves et postea crebre
lenticellosi, spiciferi 1 mm crassi, collenchyma in fasciculos discretos
dispositum et haud lbriforme, fasciculi intramedullares 1-seriati, canales
lysigenes nulli. Limbi in sicco membranacei creberrime pellucido-punc-
tulati usque ad 4 cm longi et 1.5 cm lati. Petioli 5 mm longi. Bracteae
pelta 1.5 mm longa 1 mm lata. Bacca 1.5 mm crassa. Stigmata in
apice ovarii sessilia.

Luzon, Province of Abra, Mount Paraga, Bur. Sci. 7107 Ramos, February.

4, Piper varibracteum C. DC. in Elm. Leafl. Philip. Bot. 3 (1910) 760.
Mrnpanao, District of Davao, Todaya (Mount Apo), Himer 11998, October.

5. Piper cacuminum C, DC. in Elm. Leafl. Philip. Bot. 3 (1910) 761.

Foliis modice petiolatis ovato-oblongis basi ima aequilatera acutis apice
longe attenuato-acuminatis, utrinque glabris, 5-nerviis; petiolo glabro
ultra medium vaginante; stirpis fem. pedunculo glabro petiolum paullo
superante ; spica quam folii limbus pluries breviore, ovata, rhachi hirsuta,
bracteae glabrae pelta rotunda centro pedicellata, ovario libero, stig-
matibus 3 rotundis, baccis condensis ovatis apice acutis.

Dioicum, scandens. Ramuli glabri in sicco rubro-fusci, spiciferi 1-2
mm crassi, costulati, collenchyma in fasciculos discretos in costulis dis-
positum et haud libriforme, canalis lysigenis nullus. Limbi in sicco
membranacei minute pellucido-punctulati, 11 cm longi et usque ad 3.7
cm lati. Petioli 1 cm, pedunculi 1.5 em longi. Spica matura 15 mm
longa, 9 mm crassa, flores in vivo albi. Baccae in vivo atro-rubrae in
sicco fuscescentes, bracteae pelta 1 mm diametro. Stigmata in apice
ovarii sessilia.

Luzon, Province of Bataan, Mount Mariveles, Hlmer 6890, November, rare near

the summit of the mountain: Province of Zambales, Mount Tapulao, For. Bur.
8076 Curran & Merritt, above an altitude of 2,000 m.

6. Piper fragile Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. 2 (1843) 234, var. multi-
nerve C. DC. var. nov.

Foliis longe petiolatis elliptico-lanceolatis basi ima aequilatera acutis
apice breviter attenuato-acutis, utrinque glabris, 5-nerviis; petiolo basi
ima vaginante; stirpis masc. pedunculo quam petiolus paullo longiore,
glabro; spica florente quam folii limbus dimidio breviore, rhachi hirsuta,
bracteae glabrae pelta orbiculari pedicello longiusculo hirsuto, antheris
ellipticis filamentis brevissimis.

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429 DE CANDOLLE.

Dioicum, scandens. Ramuli glabri, spiciferi 1 mm crassi, collenchyma
in fasciculos discretos dispositum et haud libriforme, fasciculi intrame-
dullares 1-seriati, canalis lysigenis unicus centralis. Limbi in sicco mem-
branacei minute pellucido-punctulati, 5.5-6 em longi, 3.5 em lati, inferi
rotundati et 5 mm supra basin peltati apice acuminati. Petioli 15 mm,
pedunculi 10 mm longi. Spica florens circiter 25 mm longa, 1 mm
crassa. Stamina 2, antherae bivalvae.

Luzon, Province of Camarines, Pasacao, near seashore, Merrill 2366. Bucas,

Merrill 5271.
The species grows in New Guinea.

7. Piper miniatum BI. in Verh. Bat. Genoots. 11 (1826) 166.

Luzon, Province of Albay, Cuming 841: Province of Bataan, Mount Mariveles,
Whitford 504, Leiberg 6077, Elmer 6683. Samar, Cuming 1708. MINDANAO,
Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley, Mrs. Clemens, s. n.

Forma b C. DC.

Foliis ramulisque omnino glabris, ramulis in sicco flavidis, limbus
quoad latitudinem ut in typo.

Luzon, Province of Abra, Mount Paraga, Bur. Sci. 7205 Ramos.
Forma ¢ C. DC.

Foliis ramulisque omnino glabris limbis coriaceis quam in typo multo
angustioribus, ramulis fuscescentibus.
Luzon, Province of Tayabas, Lucban, in forests, altitude 800 m, Himer 7384,

7910.
Widely distributed in India and the Malay Peninsula and Archipelago.

B hirtellum C, DC, Prodr. 16* (1869) 355.

Chavica miniata B hirtella Miq. Sumatra (1862) 473.

Ramulis novellis petiolisque rufo-hirsutis, foliis subtus ad nervos
pilosis.

MINDANAO, District of Davao, Todaya (Mount Apo), in damp forests on steep
slopes at an altitude of about 750 m, Elmer 11229.

8. Piper halconense C. DC. sp. nov.

Foliis modice petiolatis ovato-lanceolatis, intone attenuatis et basi
ima aequilatera acutis, apice acute attenuato-acuminatis, supra glabris
subtus ad nervos parce hirtellis, 7-nerviis nervis lateralibus extremis quam
alii multo tenuioribus; petiolo glabro fere usque ad limbum vaginante ;
stirpis fem. pedunculo glabro petiolum aequante, spica matura quam
folii limbus pluries breviore, cylindrica, rhachi hirsuta, bractea sessili
rotunda glabra, bacca libera ovata apice in stilum brevem attenuata,
stigmatibus 3 minutis ovato-acutis.

Dioicum, erectum, 1 m altum. Ramuli glabri teretes, spiciferi 1 mm
erassi, collenchyma continuum haud libriforme, fasciculi intramedullares
1-seriati, canalis lysigenis nullus. Limbi in sicco membranacei creber-

oi aaa

A REVISION OF PHILIPPINE PIPERACEAE. oie oy,

rime pellucido-punctulati, 9 cm longi 4 cm lati. Petioli pedunculique
10-11 mm longi. Spica 8-15 mm longa 5-6 mm crassa, in vivo aureo-
flava. Bractea 0.75 mm diametro. Bacca cum stilo 2 mm longa, in
vivo rubra in sicco fuscescens.

Mrnporo, Mount Halcon, For. Bur. 4393 Merritt, in flower, June, Merrill 5773,
in fruit, November. .

9. Piper mindorense C. DC, sp. nov,

Foliis parvis breviter petiolatis, ovatis basi aequilatera rotundatis
apice breviter et subacute acuminatis, supra glabris subtus ad nervos
hirtellis, 9-nerviis nervis lateralibus extremis tenuibus; petiolo dense
hirtello fere usque ad limbum vaginante; stirpis fem. pedunculo hirtello
quam petiolus breviore, spica matura subglobosa, bracteae pelta rotunda,
bacea inferne rhachi immersa superne umbonata, stigmatibus 3 linearibus.

Dioicum, scandens. Ramuli dense retrorsum et crispule hirtelli, spi-
ciferi 2 mm crassi, collenchyma continuum haud libriforme, fasciculi
intramedullares 1-seriati, canalis lysigenis unicus centralis. Limbi in
sicco rigiduli, usque ad 5.5 em longi et 3.5 cm lati. Petioli 10 mm,
pedunculi 6 mm longi. Spica matura circiter 7 mm longa. Stigmata
in apice baccae sessilia.

Mrnporo, Mount Halcon, For. Bur. 4474 Merritt, June.

10. Piper longum Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 41, exel. syn. Rumph.

PHILIPPINES, unknown collector in herb, DC.

1l. Piper pilipes C. DC. sp. nov.

Foliis brevissime petiolatis, ovato-oblongis basi aequilatera obtusis
apice acute acuminatis, utrinque et praesertim subtus villosis, 5-nerviis,
petiolo dense villoso basi ima vaginante; stirpis fem. pedunculo dense
villoso petiolum pluries superante, spica matura folii limbum aequante,
rhachi hirsuta, bracteae pelta rotunda glabra, centro pedicellata pedicello
sat longo hirsuto, bacca libera oblonga apice rotundata, stigmatibus 3
minutissimis et cito deciduis.

Dioicum, scandens. Ramuli villosi, pili in sicco rufescentes 1.5 mm
longi, ramuli spiciferi 1.5 mm crassi, collenchyma subcontinuum et libri-
forme, fasciculi intramedullares 1-seriati, canalis lysigenis unicus cen-
tralis. Limbi in sicco membranacei pellucido-punctulati, usque ad 14.5
em longi et ad 52 mm lati. Petioli 6 mm, pedunculi 30 mm longi.
Spica cum baccis circiter 6 mm crassa. Bracteae pelta 0.75 mm diametro.
Bacea 1.5 mm longa, 0.75 mm erassa. Stigmata in apice baccae sessilia.

MrinpANAO, Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley, Mrs. Clemens s. n., July. POLIL1o,

_ Bur. Sci. 6914 Robinson, August, 1909, on river banks, east of the town of Polillo,
climbing on trees, flowers dark-red.

12, Piper Rhyncholepsis C. DC. Prodr. 16* (1869) 344.

Rhyncholepsis Cumingiana Miq. Syst. Pip. (1843) 282.
Samar, Cuming 1697.

Lee Suh ile

424 - DE CANDOLLE.

Var. brevicuspe C. DC. 1. e.

Rhyncholepsis brevicuspis Migq. 1. c.

Bonor, Cuming 1843.

13. Piper lageniovarium C. DC. in Elm. Leafl. Philip. Bot. 3 (1910) 763.
Minpvanao, District of Davao, Todaya (Mount Apo), Hlmer 10589, May.

14. Piper sarmentosum Roxb. I'l. Ind. ed. Carey & Wall. 1 (1820) 162.
Luzon, Province of Albay, Batan Island, Bur. Sci. 6429 Robinson, September.

15. Piper Zamboangae ©. DC. sp. nov.

Omnino glabrum, foliis modice petiolatis, ovatis, basi leviter cordatis
apice acute acuminatis, 7-plinerviis ; nervo centrali nervos 2 adscendentes
subopposite mittente, quorum supremus a 1 cm supra basin solutus,
nervis lateralibus 2 utrinque a basi solutis, petiolo basi ima vaginante ;
stirpis fem. pedunculo petiolum duplo superante, spica subflorente cylin-
drica quam folii limbus pluries breviore, bracteae pelta rotunda, ovario
libero, stigmatibus 3 ovatis. ;

Dioicum. Ramuli glabri, spiciferi 1 mm crassi, collenchyma con-
tinuum interrupte incrassatum et haud libriforme, fasciculi intramed-
ullares 1-seriati, canales lysigenes peripherici nulli. Limbi in sicco
membranacei, pellucido-punctulati, superi 12 em longi et 6.5 em lati,
inferi ovato-rotundi basi profunde cordati, 12 cm longi et 10 em lati.
Petioli 1 cm, pedunculi 2 cm longi. Spica subflorens 1 cm longa, 2
mm crassa. Bracteae pelta 0.75 mm diametro.

Mindanao, District of Zamboanga, Hallier, February.

16. Piper Forstenii C. DC. Prodr. 16* (1869) 348, emend.

Foliis modice petiolatis, ample ovatis basi valde inaequilatera cordatis
apice subacute attentiato-acuminatis, utrinque glabris, 13-15-plinerviis
nervo centrali fere ex 0.25 longitudinis suae nervum adscendentem
utrinque alternatim mittente, aliis nervis altero latere 5 vel 6 altero
7 vel 8 a basi divaricantibus; petiolo glabro fere usque ad medium
vaginante ; stirpis fem. pedunculo glabro petiolum superante, spica ma-
tura quam folii limbus longiore, crassa, rhachi hirsuta; bracteae pelta
rotunda glabra, pedicello longo hirsuto, ovario libero ovato apice at-
tenuato, stigmate carnoso trilobulato, baccis condensis oblongo-ovatis.

Dioicum, scandens. Ramuli glabri in sicco pallidi, spiciferi 6 mm
crassi, collenchyma continuum haud libriforme, fasciculi intramedullares
2-seriati, canalis lysigenis centralis canalesque peripherici numerosi cel-
lulis gelifactis farcti. Limbi in sicco pergamacei pallescentes, a petiolo
23-26 cm longi, 13-16 cm lati, lobi basilares inaequales summo petiolo
inserti. Stipule superne ad petiolum attenuatae. Petioli 4 cm, pedun-
culi 5? mm longi. Spica matura 29 cm longa inferne circiter 1 cm crassa.
Bracteae pelta 1 mm diametro. Bacca 1.5 mm longa.

MINDANAO, Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley, Mrs. Clemens 572, May, in flower, s. n.,
July, in fruit: District of Davao, Todaya (Mount Apo) Elmer 11179, July, in
fruit.

Also found in Amboina.

A REVISION OF PHILIPPINE PIPERACEAE. 425

17. Piper rotundistigmum C. DC. sp. nov.

Foliis modice petiolatis, ovatis basi aequilatera cordatis apice acute
acuminatis, supra glabris subtus ad nervos parcissime pilosis, 17-plinerviis
nervo centrali usque ad tertiam partem longitudinis suae nervos adscen-
dentes utrinque 3 mittente aliis nervis a basi divaricantibus; petiolo dense
piloso basi fere ima vaginante ; stirpis fem. pedunculo petiolum superante
glabro, spica matura folii limbum multo superante cylindrica crassa apice
attenuata, rhachi glabra, bracteae glabrae pelta lunulata pedicello brevi
carnoso, bacca inferne in rhachi immersa; stigmatibus 3, rotundatis
brevibus carnosis.

~ Dioicum. Ramuli glabri, spiciferi 4 mm, in 5 mm crassis collenchyma

libriforme in fasciculos discretos dispositum, fasciculi intramedullares
1-seriati, carialis lysigenis unicus centralis. Limbi in sicco firmo-mem-
branacei inconspicue pellucido-punctulati, 17.5 cm longi 10.5 cm lati.
Petioli usque ad 2.5 em longi et 2 mm crassi. Pedunculi 4 em longi et
2 mm crassi. Spica 32 cm longa et usque ad 7 mm crassa. Bracteae
pelta 0.75 mm longa et 1 mm lata. Stigmata in apice baccae sessilia.

Mrinpanao, Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley, Mrs. Clemens s. n., September.

18. Piper Fenixii C. DC. sp. nov.

Foliis sat longe petiolatts, rotundato-ovatis basi aequilatera cordatis
apice acute protracto-acuminatis, utrinque glabris, 9-ninerviis nervo cen-
trali ex 7-12 mm supra basin nervum adscendentem utrinque vel tantum
altero latere mittente, aliis nervis a basi divaricantibus ; petiolo glabro basi
ima vaginante; stirpis masc. pedunculo glabro quam petiolus multo
breviore, spica florente quam folii limbus paullo breviore, rhachi parce
pilosa, bracteae glabrae pelta rotunda centro pedicellata, staminibus 2,
antheris minutis rotundatis, quam filamenta brevioribus.

Dioicum, scandens. Ramuli glabri, vetustiores in sicco albicantes,
spiciferi fuscescentes fere 2 mm crassi, collenchyma continuum et haud
libriforme, fasciculi intramedullares 1-seriati, canalis lysigenis unicus
centralis. Limbi in sicco rigido-membranacei creberrime pellucido-punc-
tulati, usque ad 11.5.cm longi et 9 cm lati. Petioli 20 mm, pedunculi 9
mm longi. Spica 8.5 cm longa, 2 mm crassa. Bracteae pelta 0.75 mm
diametro, antherae bivalvatae.

BATANES IsLanpbs, Batan, Bur. Sci. 3652 Fénia, rocky hillsides along streams,
May.

19. Piper aurilimbum C. DC. in Elm. Leafl. Philip. Bot. 3 (1910) 764.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, near Sablan, Hlmer 8866, March.

20. Piper subprostratum C. DC. sp. nov.

Foliis modice petiolatis, oblongo-ovatis basi valde inaequilatera cordatis
apice attenuato-acutis, supra glabris subtus ad nervos minute velutino-
puberulis, 13-plinerviis nervo centrali ex 0.25 longitudinis suae nervos
adscendentes utrinque 2 alternatim mittente, aliis nervis altero latere 4
altero 5 a basi divaricantibus; petiolo minute velutino-puberulo usque

.
*
.
j

426 DE CANDOLLE.

ad medium vaginante; stirpis masc. pedunculo glabro petiolum multo
superante, spica florente quam limbi dimidium paullo longiore, rhachi
hirsuta, bractearum pelta glabra in inferis rotunda in superis transverse
elliptica, pedicello longo et hirsuto, staminibus 2 antheris ovatis filamenta
subaequantibus.

Dioicum, caule plus minusve prostrato 1.5 m longo.’ Ramuli minutis-
sime velutino-puberuli, spiciferi 3 mm crassi, collenchyma continuum
sat crassum et haud libriforme, fasciculi intramedullares 1-seriati, canalis
lysigenis unicus centralis, cellulae flavidae in cortice et medulla crebrae.
Limbi in sicco membranacei crebre pellucido-punctulati, a petiolo 21 em
longi et usque ad 12 em lati. Petioli 2 em longi, stipulae extus minutis-
sime puberulae superne ad petiolum attenuatae. Pedunculi usque ad
3.5 cm longi. Spica subflorens cylindrica apice obtusa, 11.5 em longa
4 mm crassa. Bractearum pelta in inferis 1.5 mm diametro in superis
1 mm longa et 1.5 mm lata. Stamina infera in speciminibus visis
monstrosa, nempe cum filamentis dilatatis et antheris rudimentariis.

Mrnporo, south of Lake Naujan, For. Bur. 6751 Merritt, April, altitude about
100 m.

21. Piper Ramosii ©. DC. sp. nov.

Foliis breviter petiolatis, ovato-oblongis basi inaequilatera cordatis
apice longe et acute attenuato-acuminatis utrinque breviter et sat dense
hirtellis lobis basis rotundatis quorum major auriculaeformis, nervo cen-
trali fere a 1 cm supra basin trifido, nervis lateralibus utrinque 2 a basi
divaricantibus ; petiolo dense hirsuto basi ima vaginante; stirpis mase.
pedunculo hirsuto petiolum aequante, spica subflorente quam folii limbus
pluries breviore, rhachi hirsuta, bracteae glabrae pelta rotunda centro
breviter pedicellata, staminibus 2 antheris reniformibus.

Dioicum, Ramuli teretes, juniores dense hirsuti postea glabri et in
sicco pallidi, in 1.5 mm crassis collenchyma continuum haud libriforme,
fasciculi intramedullares 1-seriati, canalis lysigenis nullus. Limbi in
sicco membranacei creberrime pellucido-punctulati 10 em longi 28 mm
lati, basis lobi summo petiolo inserti. Petioli superi 3 mm, inferi 11
mm longi. Spica subflorens 35 mm longa, 2 mm crassa. Bracteae pelta
0.5 mm diametro.

Luzon, Province of Rizal, San Isidro, Bur. Sci. 1755 Ramos, January.

22. Piper Merrillii C. DC. sp. nov.

Foliis modice petiolatis, subobovato-ellipticis basi inaequilatera cordatis
latere longiore auriculiformi apice breviter acuminatis, supra tantum ad
basin nervi centralis subtus ad nervos nervulosque, hirtellis, 10- vel 11-
plinerviis, nervo centrali nervos adscendentes utrinque 2 alternatim mit-
tente quorum superus a 5 cm supra basin solutus, nervis lateralibus
utrinque 2 vel 3 a basi solutis quorum superus adscendens et inferi
divaricantes ac aliis multo tenuiores; petiolo dorso hirsuto usque ad

Re

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A REVISION OF PHILIPPINE PIPERACEAE. 427

limbi latus longius vaginante; stirpis masc. pedunculo quam petiolus
breviore hirsuto, spica cylindrica apice obtusa quam folii limbus fere
triplo breviore, rhachi hirsuta, bracteae pelta orbicularis glabra centro
pedicellata, pedicello hirsuto, staminibus 2 antheris sessilibus ovatis;
stirpis fem. pedunculo quam petiolus breviore et parce hirtello, spica
cylindrica apice obtusa quam folii limbus pluries breviore, rhachi et
bractea ut in mare, ovario libero glabro conoideo superne in stilum sat
longum attenuato, stigmatibus 3 linearibus brevibus.

Dioicum, in arboribus scandens. Ramuli retrorsum hirsuti 2-3 mm
crassi, collenchyma haud libriforme fere continuum, fasciculi intrame-
dullares 1-seriati, canalis lysigenis unicus centralis. Limbi in sicco
membranacei pellucido-punctulati, usque ad 19 cm longi et ad 9.5 cm
lati. Petioli usque ad limbi latus longius 18 mm, inter limbi latera 5
mm longi. Stipulae extus hirtellae. Pedunculi circiter 10 mm longi.
Stirpis masc. spica florens fere 6 cm longa et 4 mm crassa, bracteae pelta
1.75 mm diametro, antherae 1 mm longae; stirpis fem. spica florens 2
cm longa 5 mm crassa, bracteae pelta 1 mm diametro.

Mrinvoro, Baco River, Merrill 1809, mase., April, 4038, fem., March, McGregor
178, mase., March. Negros, Canlaon Volcano, Banks s. n., March.

Forma b.
Limbis minoribus usque ad 10.5 cm longis et 4.7 cm latis.
Negros, Mount Silay, Whitford 1547, fem,

23. Piper pseudochavica C. DC, Prodr. 16* (1869) 351, emend.

Chavica Lessertiana Miq. Syst. Pip. (1843) 270.

Piper Lessertianum C. DC. in Seem. Journ. Bot. 4 (1866) 164, non C. DC.
Prodr. 16* (1869) 258.

Foliis breviter petiolatis subobovato-oblongo-ellipticis, basi valde inae-
quilatera semicordatis altero latere angustiore attenuatis altero auri-
culaeformibus, apice longe et acute acuminatis, supra glabris subtus basi
sat longe et haud dense pilosis, 10-plinerviis nervo centrali ex 2-3.5
cm supra basin nervos 2 adscendentes utrinque mittente, nervis lateralibus
altero latere 2 altero 3 a basi solutis quorum extremi tenuissim1;
petiolo piloso basi vaginante; stirpis masc. pedunculo glabro quam
petiolus pluries longiore, spica subflorente quam folii limbus pluries
breviore, rhachi hirsuta, bracteae ‘pelta rotunda glabra, pedicello hirsuto,
staminibus 2 antheris ovatis apice subacutis filamentis oblongis brevibus ;
stirpis fem. pedunculo ut in mare, spica quam folii limbus pluries breviore
cylindrica apice obtusa, rhachi et bractea ut in mare, bacca libera oblonga
apice obtusa, stigmatibus 3 rotundatis parvis.

Dioicum, scandens. Ramuli longe et haud dense pilosi, spiciferi fere
2 mm crassi, collenchyma continuum haud libriforme, fasciculi intrame-
dullares 1-seriati, canalis lysigenis centralis canalesque peripherici plures,
zona cellularum sclerosarum continua collenchyma circumdans. Limbi

—*

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428 _ DE CANDOLLE.

in sicco membranacei minute pellucido-punctulati usque ad 21 cm longi
et ad 8 cm lati. Petioli fere 6 mm longi. Pedunculi usque ad 5.5 cm
longi. Spica mase. subflorens 4 cm longa et fere 3 mm crassa, bracteae
pelta 0.75 mm diametro. Spica fem. matura 3 cm longa et fere 10 mm
crassa, bracteae pelta fere 1 mm diametro, baccae condensae 2 mm longae.
Stigmata in apice baccae sessilia.

Luzon, Province of Cagayan, Cuming 1343, masc.: Province of Tayabas, Lucban,
Elmer 9882, fem.

Forma b.

Ramulis magis pilosis, limbis usque 18 cm longis et 9 cm latis.
MINDANAO, Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley, Mrs. Clemens 574, May.
Forma c. |

Ramulis et limbis glabris, petiolis subtus parce pilosis vel glabris,
limbis 20 em longis et 7.5 cm latis; zona cellularum sclerosarum haud
continua.

Minporo, Alag River, For. Bur. 11411 Merritt, fem., April, Nearos, Canlaon

Voleano, For, Bur. 13679 Curran, fem., September. Mrnpvanao, District of Davao,
Todaya (Mount Apo), Elmer 11417, August.

Forma d.

Ramulis glabris, limbis supra glabris, subtus ad nervum centralem
parcissime pilosis, 9-ninerviis, 17.5 cm longis et usque ad 3 cm latis,
zona cellularum sclerosarum continua.

MINDANAO, District of Davao, Mount Apo, Copeland 1140, mase., April, epiphytic
in the mossy forest, altitude about 2,000 m.

24. Piper cristatum C. DC. in Elm. Leafl. Philip. Bot. 3 (1910) 766.
MINDANAO, District of Davao, Todaya (Mount Apo), Elmer 10703, May.

25. Piper longistigmum C. DC. 1. ec.
Luzon, Province of Tayabas, Lucban, Elmer 7578, May.

26. Piper albidirameum C. DC. in Perk. Fragm. Fl. Philip. (1905) 153,
emend, ‘

Omnino glabrum, foliis modice petiolatis, magnis, ample subobovato-
ellipticis, basi ima leviter inaequilatera leviter cordulatis, apice breviter
et obtusiuscule acuminatis, a nervo centrali inaequilatis, %-plinerviis,
nervo centrali nervos 2 adscendentes utrinque mittente, quorum supremus
a 5-6 cm supra basin solutus, nervis lateralibus adscendentibus 3 vel 4
utrinque a basi solutis; petiolo basi ima vaginante ; stirpis fem. pedunculo
quam petiolus paullo breviore; spica quam folii limbus pluries breviore,
eylindrica apice rotunda, bracteae pelta rotunda centro breviter pedicel-
lata, ovario libero, stigmatibus 3 vel 4 rotundato-ovatis carnosis, bacca
globosa.

Dioicum, scandens. Ramuli in sicco albidi vel lutescentes, spiciferi
fere 3 mm crassi, collenchyma libriforme in fasciculos discretos dispo-

A REVISION OF PHILIPPINE PIPERACEAE. 429

situm, fasciculi intramedullares 1-seriati, canales lysigenes peripherici,

nulli. Limbi in sicco rigidi, pallidi et minute pellucido-punctulati, usque
ad 25 cm longi et 13 cm lati. Petioli 15-20 mm longi. Spica matura
circiter 6 cm longa et 6 mm crassa. Bracteae pelta 1 mm diametro.
Stigmata in apice ovarii sessilia. Bacca 2 mm diametro, in sicco
lutescens.

Mrnpanao, District of Davao, Taumo, Warburg 14751. Luzon, Province of
Cavite, Mendez Nuiiez, Bur. Sci. 1316 Mangubat, August: Province of Rizal, Boso-

boso, Bur. Sci. 1118 Ramos, July: Province of Benguet, Twin Peaks, Elmer 6430,
June: Province of Tayabas, Lucban, Elmer 8117.

Forma b.

Limbis superis basi aequilatera rotundatis apice acute acuminatis,
ramulis flavescentibus.

Massate, Merrill 3050, August.

Forma c.

Limbis superis basi aequilatera rotundatis apice acute acuminatis,
ramulis in sicco subfuscis. |

Luzon, Province of Camarines, Adiagnao, Bur. Sci. 6374 Robinson, August.

27. Piper maagnasanum C. DC. sp. nov.

Omnino glabrum, foliis sat longe petiolatis, rotundato-ellipticis basi ima
aequilatera levissime cordulatis, apice modice et acute acuminatis, 11-
plinerviis ; nervo centrali nervos adscendentes utrinque 2 mittente quorum
supremus a 4 cm supra basin solutus, nervis lateralibus 3 utrinque a basi
solutis quorum 2 adscendentes et externi subadscendentes et tenuissimi,
petiolo basi vaginante; stirpis fem. pedunculo quam petiolus pluries
breviore; spica submatura quam folii limbus pluries breviore, cylindrica
apice rotundata, bracteae pelta rotunda centro brevissime pedicellata,
baccis inferne in rhachi immersis superne globosis et glabris, stigmatibus
3 ovato-acutis.

Dioicum. Ramuli in sicco fuscescentes, spiciferi 4 mm crassi, col-
lenchyma libriforme in fasciculos discretos dispositum, fasciculi intra-
medullares 1-seriati, canalis lysigenis centralis canalesque peripherici
plures. Limbi in sicco rigidi pellucido-punctulati, usque ad 21 cm longi
et 15 cm lati, nervi subtus prominentes. . Petioli 4 cm longi et 4 mm
crassi. Pedunculi 12 mm longi et 3 mm crassi. Spicae submaturae 3
cm longae et 6 mm crassae. Bracteae pelta 1 mm diametro. Stigmata
in apice baccae sessilia.

Luzon, Province of Camarines, Maagnas, Bur. Sci. 6355 Robinson, August.

28. Piper pendulifolium C, DC, in Elm. Leafl. Philip. Bot. 3 (1910) 768.
Mrnvanao, District of Davao, Todaya (Mount Apo), Elmer 10942.

29. Piper puberulinodum C. DC. 1. ec. 769.
MINDANAO, District of Davao, Todaya (Mount Apo) Elmer 11972.

aioe heal: EE mo ae 2 oe

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430 ~ DE CANDOLLE.

30. Piper oophyllum C. DC. sp. nov.

Foliis modice petiolatis, ovatis basi subaequilatera rotundatis obtusisve
apice breviter acuminatis, utrinque glabris, 9-ninerviis, nervo centrali
nervos 2 adscendentes 2 alternatim mittente quorum supremus a 1—2 em
supra basin solutus, nervis lateralibus 3 adscendentibus utrinque a basi
solutis quorum externi aliis multo tenuiores; petiolo tenuissime puberulo
basi ima vaginante ; stirpis masc. pedunculo glabro quam petiolus breviore ;
spica florente quam folii limbus paullo breviore, rhachi pilosula, bracteae
glabrae pelta obovato-rotunda centro pedicellata, staminibus 2 antheris
parvis rotundatis bivalvatis; stirpis fem. pedunculo ut in mare, rhachi
glabra, spica quam folii limbus pluries breviore, cylindrica apice obtusa,
bracteae glabrae pelta rotunda centro pedicellata, ovario in rhachi semi-
immerso, stigmatibus 3 vel 4 linearibus, baccis inferne cum rhachi con-
cretis, superne rotundatis et glabris.

Dioicum, frutex 3—7-pedalis. Ramuli minutissime puberuli, tenuissime
striati, spiciferi in mare 1 mm in femina 2 mm crassi, collenchyma in
fasciculos discretos dispositum, in mare haud libriforme, in femina
libriforme, fasciculi intramedullares 1-seriati, canales lysigenes peripherici
nulli. Limbi in sicco membranacei minute et haud crebre pellucido-
punctulati, in mare 9.5—10 cm longi, 4.5-7.5 cm lati, in femina usque ad
13 cm longi et 9.5 em lati. Petiolo 1.5—-2 em, pedunculi 5-7 mm longi.
Spica masc. florens 6 cm longa, usque ad 2 mm crassa, bracteae pelta 1
mm longa. Spica fem. matura 14 mm longa, 5 mm crassa, in sicco
fuscescens, bracteae pelta 0.75 mm diametro.

MINDANAO, District of Davao, at sea level in coconut groves, Copeland 333,
masc., March, 320, fem., March; Santa Cruz, DeVore & Hoover 233, mase., April.

31. Piper petraeum C. DC. sp. nov.

Foliis breviter petiolatis, oblique ovatis, basi leviter inaequilatera cor-
dulatis apice acute acuminatis, utrinque glabris, 9-nerviis, nervo centrali
nervos 2 adscendentes alternatim mittente, quorum supremus ex 1-0.5
em supra basin solutus, nervis lateralibus utrinque 3 a basi solutis quorum
externi aliis multo tenuiores et minus adscendentes ; petiolo glabro usque
ad medium vaginante; stirpis fem. pedunculo glabro petiolum subae-
quante ; spica florente quam folii limbus pluries breviore, cylindrica apice
obtusa, rhachi parce pilosa, bracteae glabrae pelta rotundato-obovata
fere centro subsessili; ovario inferne in rhachi immerso et cum ea con-
ereto, glabro, stigmatibus 3 vel 4, rotundatis carnosis.

Frutex in rupibus crescens. Ramuli glabri, in sicco flavicantes, spiciferi
fere 2 mm crassi, collenchyma in fasciculos discretos dispositum et haud
libriforme, fasciculi intramedullares 1-seriati, canalis lysigenis unicus
centralis. Limbi in sicco membranacei, pellucido-punctulati, circiter 14.5

ay

Bee ek ee
4

A REVISION OF PHILIPPINE PIPERACEAE. 431

cm longi et 9 cm lati. Petioli usque ad limbi latus longius 6 mm, inter
limbi latera 1 mm longi. Spica florens 17 mm longa et 6 mm crassa.
Luzon, Province of Benguet, Twin Peaks, on rocks in shady places, Hlmer 6430,
May.
32. Piper Betle L. Sp. Pl. (1753) 28, ed. 2 (1762) 40.

Foliis modice vel longe petiolatis, superis ovatis basi leviter inaequila-
tera rotundatis apice acute acuminatis, utrinque glabris, plerumque 7-
plinervis, nervo centrali fere e quinta parte longitudinis suae nervos ad-
scendentes 1 vel 2 mittente, nervis lateralibus 2 a basi solutis; petiolo
glabra usque ad tertiam ad quartam partem longitudinis vaginante ;
pedunculo glabro in mare petiolum aequante in femina eum superante ;
stirpis masc. spica adulta folii limbum eaquante, rhachi hirsuta, bractea
glabra rotundata vel obovata centro sessili, staminibus 2 antheris ellipticis
cum filamentis brevibus aequilatis; stirpis fem. spica quam folii limbus
plus minusve breviore, bractea ut in mare, ovario inferne in rhachi immerso
superne umbonato et ut rhachis dense tomentoso, stigmatibus 4 vel 5
lanceolatis.

Dioicum, scandens. Ramuli glabri, spiciferi 2.5 mm crassi, collen-
chyma continuum vel subcontinuum sparsim libriforme, fasciculi intra-
medullares 1-seriati, canales lysigenes plures quorum unus centralis, alii
peripherici plures, cellulae fuscescentes in cortice et in medulla creber-
rimae. Limbi in sicco firmo-membranacei quam minutissime pellucido-
punctulati, superi usque ad 10-13 em longi et 6.5-7.5 em lati. Petioli
1.5-2.5 em longi. Stirpis masculae spicae 2 mm, femineae maturae 1 cm
et plus crassae.

Luzon, Province of Bataan, Lamao River, in forests, altitude about 100 m,
Merrill 3781, masc., January, Whitford 188, May; Dinalupijan, Merrill 1561,
December: Province of Laguna, Elmer 9276, fem., April. NrGros, Dumaguete,
Elmer 9573, fem.

Cultivated in all tropical countries.

Forma b.

Piper canaliculatum Opiz in Presl Rel. Haenk. 1 (1828) 156.

Piper Betle Linn. y. densum C. DC. Prodr. 16* (1869) 360.

Limbis magis ovatis et basi magis inaequalibus usque ad 14 cm longis
et 9 cm latis.

Luzon, Haenke 69: Province of Rizal, San Francisco del Monte, Loher 4565.

Forma c. ;

Piper philippinense C. DC. 1. ¢. 353.

Limbis superis minoribus zusque ad 10 cm longis et ad 5 cm latis,
canales lysigenes peripherici in ramulo nulli.

Luzon, Province of Bataan, Lamao River, Merrill 2526, fem., June, Williams
511, mase.: Province of Cavite, Mendez Nufiez, Bur. Sci. 1314 Mangubat, August.

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.

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432 DE CANDOLLE.

33. Piper carnistilum C. DC, in Elm. Leafl. Philip. Bot. 3 (1910) 770.
Luzon, Province of Tayabas, Lucban, Elmer 9333.

34, Piper chaba Bl. Verh. Bat, Genoots. 11 (1826) 168, fig. 7, emend. (non
Hunter quoad= Piper retrofractum Vahl).
Piper abbreviatum Opiz in Pres] Rel. Haenk. 1 (1828) 157.

Omnino glabrum, foliis breviter petiolatis ovato-lanceolatis inferne fere
ad tertiam partem longitudinis attenuatis et basi ima aequilatera acutis,
apice obtusiuscule acuminatis, utrinque glabris, 5-plinerviis, nervo centrali
nervos 2 adscendentes mittente, quorum supremus a 8-15 mm supra basin
solutus, nervo laterali adscendente utrinque a basi soluto; petiolo basi ima
vaginante, pedunculo petiolum paullo superante; stirpis masc. spica
florente quam folii limbus multo breviore, bracteae pelta transverse
subelliptica centro pedicellata, staminibus 2, filamentis quam antherae
reniformes 4-valvatae brevioribus et angustioribus ; stirpis fem. spica quam
folii limbus pluries breviore subobovato-oblonga bracteae pelta ut in mare,
bacca inferne in rhachi immersa, superne in stilum umbonatum producta,
stigmatibus 3 ovato-acutis.

Dioicum, scandens. Ramuli teretes, spiciferi 1-2 mm crassi, collen-
chyma in fasciculos discretos dispositum et haud libriforme, fasciculi
intramedullares 1-seriati, canalis lysigenis unicus centralis. Limbi in
sicco membranacei minute pellucido-punctulati, 8-11 cm longi, 3-4 em
lati. Petioli fere 8 mm, pedunculi usque ad 15 mm longi. Spica mase.
4 cm longa, 3 mm crassa, bractea pelta 0.75 mm longa et paullo latior,
in sicco rubescens et margine pallida. Spica fem. submatura 15 mm
longa, 8 mm crassa.

Luzon, without definite locality, Haenke in herb. Berol., Warburg 12127, in
herb. Berol., masc.: Province of Rizal, Montalban, Macap River, Loher 4564, fem.
PoLiLLo, Bur, Sci. 9128 Robinson, fem., in light woods east of the town of Polillo,
altitude about 5 m, fruit green. Mrnpanao, Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley, Mrs.
Clemens s. n., fem., September: District of Davao, Todaya, in open forests, fertile

damp soil, erect, stem 1 em thick, Elmer 11049 fem., 11077, masc.: Province of
Surigao, Bolster 351.

Forma b.

Limbis superis elliptico-lanceolatis, circiter 11 cm longis et 5 cm latis,
nervo laterali supremo a 30 mm supra basin soluto.

MINDANAO, District of Zamboanga, Sax River, Williams 2130, fem., February.

Forma c.

Limbis circiter 7 cm longis et 2 cm latis, nervo laterali supremo a 7%
mm supra basin soluto. :

Luzon, Province of Albay, Batan Island, Bur, Sci. 6231 Robinson, fem., August.

Forma d.
Piper rubripunctulatum C. DC. in Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1905) 158.

Limbis inferne minus attenuatis, usque ad 11 em longis et 5.5 cm
latis, 5-plinerviis in mare, 7-plinerviis in femina, nervo laterali supremo

Ee eee ee eee ee ee ie eee ee, Oe ee a Ve a er AS | Rk i cay

A REVISION OF PHILIPPINE PIPERACEAE. 433

a 10 mm in mare, a 30 mm in femina supra basin soluto; ramuli in
sicco punctulis rubris conspersi. Stirpis fem. spica cylindrica 18 mm
longa et immatura 4 mm crassa, bracteae pelta ut in specie.

Minpanao, District of Davao, Warburg 14746; Santa Cruz, Copeland 1315,
mase., April.

Forma e.

Piper parvispicum C. DC, in Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1905) 158.

Limbis quoad formam ut in praecedente sed paullo minoribus; stirpis
fem. spica obovato-cylindrica vel cylindrica, submatura usque ad 15 mm
longa et 9 mm crassa, bracteae pelta rotunda.

MInpDANAO, District of Davao, Mount Dagatpan, Warburg 14750; Taumo, War-
burg 14747.

35. Piper rhombophyllum C. DC. Prodr. 16’ (1869) 352, emend.

Omnino glabrum, foliis breviter petiolatis, rhombeo-lanceolatis, basi
aequilatera cuneatis apice longe acuminatis acumine obtusiusculo, 5-
plinerviis nervo centrali a 15 mm supra basin trifido aliis nervis a basi
solutis adscendentibus ; petiolo basi ima vaginante, stirpis fem. pedunculo
petiolum multo superante, spica submatura quam folii limbus pluries
breviore cylindrica apice rotundata, bracteae pelta lunulata centro pedicel-
lata, ovario immerso superne in stilum oblongum producto, stigmatibus
3 oblongis apice acutis.

Dioicum. Ramuli teretes laeves, spiciferi 1.5 mm crassi, collenchyma
in fasciculos discretos dispositum et haud libriforme, fasciculi intrame-
dullares 1-seriati, canalis lysigenis centralis peripherici null. Limbi in
sicco membranacei creberrime pellucido-punctulati 10 cm longi 32 mm
lati, petioli 5 mm, pedunculi 10-12 mm longi. Spica submatura 15 mm
longa 7 mm crassa stilis echinata. Bracteae pelta 0.75 mm lata in sicco
rubropunctulata. ‘

Luzon, Province of Albay, Cuming 834, herb. Boiss., Berol., Manila: Province
of Laguna, Elmer 9279.

36. Piper Langlassei C. DC. in Ann. Cons. Jard. Bot. Genéve 2 (1898) 273,
_emend,

Foliis breviter petiolatis, elliptico-lanceolatis, basi inaequilatera acutis
apice sat longe acuminatis acumine obtusiusculo, utrinque glabris, 7-
plinerviis, nervo centrali nervos 2 adscendentes alternatim mittente
quorum supremus circiter a 7 mm supra basin solutus, nervis lateralibus
adscendentibus utrinque 2 a basi solutis; petiolo glabro basi ima vagi-
nante; stirpis fem. pedunculo glabro petiolum superante, spica matura
folii dimidium aequante vel paullo superante, cylindrica, rhachi parce
pilosa, bracteae glabra pelta rotunda centro sat longe pedicellata, ovario
glabro basi in rhachi leviter immerso, stigmatibus 3-5 minutissimis ovato-
acutis, eorum apicibus cito deciduis, baccis maturis alte connatis.

Dioicum, scandens. Ramuli graciles, laeves, glabri, spiciferi circiter

97605——5

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—

434 DE CANDOLLE.

1 mm crassi, collenchyma subepidermidale fere continuum, interrupte
et fere omnino libriforme, fasciculi intramedullares 2-seriati, canalis
lysigenis centralis et canales peripherici multi. Limbi in sicco rigidi,
pallidi, pellucido-punctulati, 6-7 cm longi, 2.5—4 cm lati. Petioli usque
ad limbi latus longius 3 mm, inter limbi latera fere 5 mm longi. Pedun-
culi adulti 1.5-2 cm longi. Spica matura 3.5 cm longa, 7 mm crassa.
Bracteae pelta 0.5 mm diametro. Stigmata apicibus delapsis stigma
simplex simulantibus.

Luzon, Province of Laguna, base of Mount Banajao, in caleareous soil, Langlassé
297, October.

37. Piper breviamentum C. DC. sp. nov.

Foliis modice petiolatis elliptico-lanceolatis basi aequilatera acutis
apice acute acuminatis, utrinque glabris, 9-ninerviis nervo centrali nervos
2 adscendentes utrinque mittente quorum supremus a 2 cm supra basin
solutus, nervis lateralibus adscendentibus utrinque 2 a basi solutis;
petiolo basi ima vaginante; stirpis fem. pedunculo glabro petiolum
aequante, spica subflorente subglobosa quam folii limbus pluries breviore,
rhachi hirsuta, bracteae glabrae pelta lunulata pedicello lato, ovario
inferne in rhachi immerso superne in stilum conicum carnosum glabrum
producto, stigmatibus 3 parvis ovato-rotundis hirtellis.

Dioicum, in arboribus scandens. Ramuli glabri in sicco cinerescentes,
spiciferi fere 2 mm crassi, in 5 mm crassis collenchyma sparsim libri-
forme in fasciculos discretos dispositum, fasciculi intramedullares 1-
seriati. Limbi in sicco cinerescentes membranacei pellucido-punctulati,
12 cm longi 6 cm lati. Petioli pedunculique usque ad 2 cm longi.
Spica subflorens 1 cm longa. Bracteae pelta 0.75 mm_ lata, sicca
triangularis, madefecta lunulata.

MINDANAO, District of Zamboanga, Sax River, Williams 2104, altitude about 150
m, February. .

38. Piper baguionum C. DC. Elm. Leafl. Philip. Bot. 3 (1910) 771.
Luzon, Province of Benguet, Baguio, Hlmer 5874, 8784.

39. Piper bathycarpum C, DC, in Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1905) 153, emend.

Foliis .modice petiolatis, ovato-lanceolatis basi leviter inaequilatera
acutis apice acute acuminatis, utrinque glabris, -plinerviis, nervo centrali
nervos 2 adscendentes alternatim mittente quorum supremus a 1.5 cm
supra basin solutus, nervo laterali aliis tenuiore utrinque a basi soluto;
petiolo glabro paullo ultra basin vaginante; stirpis fem. pedunculo glabro
quam petiolus duplo et plus longiore; spica submatura quam folii limbus
dimidio breviore, rhachi dense fulvescenti-hirsuta, bractea glabra semi-
lunari centro sessili, ovario inferne in rhachi profunde immerso superhe
paullo emerso et ut rhachis hirsuto, stigmatibus 4 vel 5, breviter oblongis
et apice acutis.

A REVISION OF PHILIPPINE PIPERACEAE. 435

Dioicum. Ramuli glabri, tenues, spiciferi fere 1 mm crassi, collen-
chyma continuum sparsim et parce libriforme, fasciculi intramedullares
1-seriati, canales lysigenes plures quorum unus centralis alii peripherici,
cellulae fuscae in cortice et in medulla creberrimae. Limbi in sicco rigido-
membranacei inconspicue pellucido-punctulati, usque ad 11 cm longi et
5.5 cm lati. Petioli fere 10 mm, pedunculi usque ad 30 mm longi.
Spica submatura fere 5 mm crassa. Bractea 1 mm lata. Stigmata in
apice ovarii sessilia. Species P. Betlei proxima, fere hujus forma.

JoLo, Warburg 14844.

40. Piper cagayanense C. DC. sp. nov.

Foliis breviter petiolatis, elliptico-lanceolatis, utrinque glabris, 7-
plinerviis, nervo centrali a 12-15 mm supra basin trifido, aliis nervis a
basi solutis et adscendentibus; petiolo glabro basi ima vaginante; stirpis
masc. pedunculo glabro petiolum subaequante, spica subflorente quam
folii limbus pluries breviore, rhachi hirtella, bracteae glabra pelta rotunda
centro breviter pedicellata, staminibus 2 antheris rotundatis.

Dioicum, in arboribus scandens. Ramuli glabri, spiciferi 1 mm crassi,
costulati, collenchyma subcontinuum in costis valde incrassatum, haud
libriforme. Limbi in sicco membranacei minutissime pellucido-punc-
tulati, usque ad 8.5 cm longi et 3.5 cm lati. Petioli 5 mm longi.
Spicae subflorentes circiter 2 cm longae, 1.75 mm crassae.

Luzon, Province of Cagayan, Pamplona, Bur. Sci. 7484 Ramos, March.

41. Piper firmolimbum C. DC. sp. nov.

Foliis modice petiolatis, oblongo-ovatis utrinque glabris, superis basi
ima fere aequilatera acutis apice breviter acuminatis, 7-plinerviis, nervo
centrali nervos 2 adscendentes alternatim mittente, quorum supremus a
2-3 cm supra basin solutus, nervis lateralibus 2 utrinque a basi solutis,
quorum externi patulo-subadscendentes ; petiolo glabro basi ima vaginante,
stirpis masc. pedunculo glabro petiolum fere aequante, spica florente
limbi dimidium superante, rhachi hirsuta; bracteae pelta rotunda glabra,
pedicello hirsuto, staminibus 2, antheris reniformibus filamenta fere
aequantibus.

Dioicum. Ramuli glabri, spiciferi 1 mm crassi, fuscescentes, postea
albicantes, collenchyma continuum zona interna partim libriforme, fas-
ciculi intramedullares 1-seriati, canales lysigenes numerosi quorum unus
centralis, alii peripherici, cellulae fuscae in cortice et in medulla crebrae.
Limbi in sicco firmi, minute et inconspicue pellucido-punctulati, superi
usque ad 11 cm longi et 5.5 em lati. Petioli 18 mm, pedunculi 25 mm
longi. Limbi inferiores majores basi aequilatera rotundati, usque ad
16 cm longi et 10 cm lati cum nervis lateralibus oppositis. Spicae
florentes 10.5 em longae, 2 mm crassae. Bracteae pelta 1 mm diametro.

Mrinpanao, Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley, Mrs. Clemens s. n., April.

yl ee sa

j
5

436 DE CANDOLLE.

42. Piper malindangense C. DC. sp. nov.

Foliis modice petiolatis, oblongo-elliptico-lanceolatis, inferne attenuatis
et basi aequilatera acutis, apice acute et sat longe acuminatis, utrinque
glabris, 7-plinerviis nervo centrali nervos adscendentes 2 mittente quorum
supremus ex 3.5 cm supra basin solutus, nervis lateralibus adscendentibus
utringue 2 a basi solutis; petiolo glabro basi ima vaginante; stirpis masc.
pedunculo glabro quam petiolus breviare, spica florente limbi dimidium
fere aequante, rhachi hirsuta, bracteae glabrae pelta rotunda centro
pedicellata, staminibus 2, antheris ellipticis parvis.

Dioicum. Ramuli glabri in sicco fusci, spiciferi 1 mm crassi, collen-
chyma partim libriforme in fasciculos discretos dispositum, fasciculi
intramedullares 1-seriati, canales lysigenes peripherici nulli. Limbi in
sicco membranacei opaci indistincte pellucido-punctulati, usque ad 12.5
em longi et 4.5 cm lati. Petioli 10 mm, pedunculi 3 mm longi. Spica
florens circiter 5.5 em longa et in sicco 1.75 mm crassa. Antherae
juveniles 4-loculares, filamenta lata.

MINDANAO, Province of Misamis, Mount Malindang, For. Bur. 4758 Mearns &
Hutchinson, May.

43. Piper podandrum ©, DC. sp. nov.

Foliis breviter petiolatis, anguste subovato-lanceolatis basi aequilatera
subrotundatis apice longe attenuato-acuminatis et summo apice acutis,
utrinque glabris, 5-plinerviis nervo centrali fere ex 1 cm supra basin
nervum adscendentem utrinque mittente nervoque laterali adscendente
brevi et tenui utrinque a basi soluto; petiolo glabro basi ima vaginante ;
stirpis masc. pedunculo glabro petiolum aequante, spica quam folii limbus
pluries breviore cylindrica, rhachi dense hirtella, bracteae glabrae pelta
rotunda, pedicello brevi, staminibus 2 filafmentis post anthesin rhachi
precessu brevi stipitatis, antheris reniformibus parvis.

Dioicum, scandens. Ramuli glabri, juniores costulati dein fere teretes,
spiciferi 1 mm crassi, collenchyma in fasciculos discretos in costulis
dispositum et haud libriforme, fasciculi intramedullares 1-seriati, canales
lysigenes nulli. Limbi in sicco membranacei minute pellucido-punc-
tulati, usque ad 9 em longi et ad 10 mm lati. Petioli 5 mm longi. Spica
florens usque ad 35 mm longa et 1.5 mm crassa. Bracteae pelta 0.75
mm diametro.

Luzon, Province of Zambales, Mount Tapulao, lor. Bur. 8141 Curran & Merritt,
December, Bur. Sci. 5053 Ramos, December.

44. Piper viminale Opiz, in Reliq. Haenk. 1 (1828) 150, tab. 26; Miq. Syst.
Pip. (1843) 336; C. DC, Prodr. 16' (1869) 377.

Piper radicans Opiz |. ec. 159 (non Vahl).

Foliis breviter petiolatis, anguste ovato-lanceolatis basi aequilatera
acutis apice longe attenuatis et summo apice obtusiusculis, junioribus
subtus basi in nervo centrali puberulis, cito utrinque glabris, 5-plinerviis,
nervo centrali nervos 2 adscendentes alternatim mittente quorum

ight Sauk ieee it.

SSE el Sea Ce APES La ne eee MO a CP e's SS EE ey
A SE ae ae om Be ,

A REVISION OF PHILIPPINE PIPERACEAE. 437

supremus fere a 5 mm supra basin solutus sursumque nervulos numerosos
patulos et sat validos mittente, nervo adscendente brevi et tenui utrinque
a basi soluto; petiolo ciliato basi ima vaginante; stirpis masc. pedunculo
puberulo petiolum paullo superante, spica quam folii limbus pluries
breviore, rhachi hirsuta, bracteae pelta rotunda margine ciliata centro
pedicellata, pedicello hirsuto; staminibus 2 antheris ovatis exsertis quam
filamenta brevioribus.

Dioicum. Ramuli vetustiores subverruculosi et glabri, juniores leviter
striolati, praesertim altero latere pilosuli, spiciferi in sicco 0.5 mm crassi,
collenchyma libriforme in fasciculos discretos tenues dispositum, canalis
lysigenis unicus centralis. Jimbi in sicco membranacei, minute pel-
lucido-punctulati, superi usque ad 10 cm longi et 1.5 em lati. Petioli
4 mm, pedunculi 7 mm longi. Spica florens 1 em longa.

Luzon, without definite locality, Haenke 78 in herb. Vindob.: Province of Ba-
taan, Lamao River, Williams 227, November.

45. Piper philippinum Mig. Syst. Pip. (1843) 322, p. p.

Foliis breviter petiolatis, ovato-ellipticis basi ima aequilatera obtusis
vel acutis apice breviter et acute acuminatis, utrinque glabris, 7-plinerviis,
nervo centrali nervos 2 adscendentes mittente quorum supremus a 2.5-3.5
cm supra basin solutus, nervis lateralibus adscendentibus utrinque 2 a
basi solutis; petiolo glabro basi ima vaginante; stirpis masc. pedunculo
glabro quam petiolus paullo longiore, spica florente quam folii limbus
breviore, rhachi pilosa, bracteae glabrae’ pelta rotunda centro pedicellata,
staminibus 2, antheris rotundatis quam filamenta multo brevioribus.

Dioicum. Ramuli glabri, collenchyma in fasciculos discretos dis-
positum et haud libriforme, fasciculi intramedullares 1-seriati, canales
lysigenes pauci quorum unus centralis et 1 vel 2 peripherici. Limbi in
sicco firmi, fuscescentes, usque ad 14 em longi et 67 mm lati. Petioli
usque ad 10 mm, pedunculi usque ad 12 mm longi. Spica florens 8 cm
longa, 2 mm crassa. Rhachis canali lysigeni centrali ac periphericis
pluribus percursa. Bracteae pelta fere 1.25 mm diametro, rigida.

Luzon, Province of Albay, Cuming 912.

46. Piper Jagori C. DC. Prodr, 16' (1869) 358 (P. Jayeri, sphalm.), emend.

Foliis breviter petiolatis, elliptico-oblongis, basi ima aequilatera cordu-
latis apice acute attenuatis, 7-plinerviis, nervis subtus prominulis, centrali
nervos adscendentes utrinque 2 alternatim vel subalternatim mittente,
quorum supremus a 3.5 cm, inferi paullo supra basin soluti, nervo laterali
adscendente utrinque a basi soluto; petiolo glabro basi ima vaginante ;
stirpis masc. pedunculo glabro petiolum paullo superante, spica florente
quam folium fere triplo breviore, rhachi pubescente, bracteae pelta glabra
rotundata centro subsessili, staminibus 2, filamentis brevissimis.

Dioicum. Ramuli glabri, spiciferi 1.5 mm crassi, collenchyma sub-
continuum, haud libriforme, fasciculi intramedullares 1-seriati, canalis
lysigenis unicus centralis.. Limbi in sicco rigidi, nitiduli, opaci, fere 15

unt

se Se cL ee eS SOUL, ee

——— - eee ore Se

438 DE CANDOLLE.

em longi et 5 cm lati. Petioli 7-10 mm, pedunculi 12 mm longi. Spica
florens 5 cm longa et fere 3 mm crassa.

Luzon, Jagor 162, herb. Berol.

47. Piper polycladum ©. DC. sp. nov,

Foliis sat longe petiolatis, ovatis inferne subattenuatis et basi ima
leviter inaequilatera acutis apice acute acuminatis utrinque glabris,
?-plinerviis nervo centrali nervos 2 adscendentes mittente quorum
supremus a 5 mm supra basin solutus, nervis lateralibus subadscenden-
tibus utrinque 2 a basi solutis; petiolo glabro basi ima vaginante; stirpis
masc. pedunculo glabro petiolum paullo superante, spica quam folii limbus
paullo breviore apice subacuta, rhachi hirsuta, bracteae pelta rotunda,
glabra et margine lacinulata, pedicello hirsuto; staminibus 2, antheris
rotundis quam filamenta brevioribus. |

Dioicum, caulis circiter 2.5 m longus, ramuli numerosi in sicco nigri,
spiciferi 1 mm crassi, collenchyma in fasciculos a latere valde elongatos
dispositum et haud libriforme, fasciculi intramedullares 1-seriati, canalis
lysigenis unicus centralis. Limbi in sicco nigrescentes firmi pellucido-
punctulati, usque ad 63 mm longi et 32 mm lati. Petioli superi usque
ad limbi latus longius 10 mm inter limbi latera 1 mm longi. Pedunculi
15 mm longi. Spica florens 45 mm longa, 3 mm crassa. Bracteae pelta
fere 1 mm diametro. Antherae 0.25 mm longae, 4-valvatae.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Baguio, Williams 1134, June.

48. Piper corylistachyon C. DC. Prodr. 16* (1869) 346, emend.

Omnino glabrum, foliis modice petiolatis, oblongo-ovatis basi ima
inaequilatera utrinque obtusis vel rotundatis apice acute et sat longe
acuminatis, penninerviis, nervo centrali nervos adscendentes plerumque
alternos utrinque 4 mittente, quorum supremus fere a 5 cm supra basin
solutus; petiolo basi ima vaginante; pedunculo quam petiolus fere duplo
breviore ; stirpis masc. spica quam folii limbus triplo-quadruplo breviore,
cylindrica apice obtusa rhachi villosa, bracteae pelta glabra obovata
inferne subattenuata, centro pedicellata, pedicello villoso, staminibus 3
antheris oblongis, connectivo ultra thecas distincte producto carnoso
apice obtuso; stirpis fem. spica cylindrica carnosa apice obtusa, quam
folii limbus pluries breviore, bractea ut in mare, baccis liberis dense
confertis, parvis, ovatis et summo apice mucronulatis, stigmatibus 4
linearibus acutis.

Dioicum, scandens. Ramuli cinerescentes vel subfuscescentes, spiciferi
circiter 3 mm crassi, collenchyma in fasciculos discretos a latere elongatos
dispositum et haud libriforme, fasciculi intramedullares 2—3-seriati,
canalis lysigenis centralis, et canales peripherici plures, cellulae fuscae
in cortice et medulla crebrae. Limbi in siceo membranacei, creberrime
pellucido-punctulati, 15-17 cm longi, 6-7.5 cm lati. Petioli usque ad
limbi latus longius fere 12 mm, inter limbi latera 5 mm longi. Pedun-

SD SEPT SS EE ERE eee ES See eee

A REVISION OF PHILIPPINE PIPERACEAE. 439

culi 6 mm longi. Spica mase. usque ad 5 cm longa et 4 mm crassa, fem.
usque ad 4 cm longa et 10.mm crassa. Bacca circiter 1.5 mm longa.

Luzon, Province of Ilocos Sur, Cuming 1144, masc.: Province of Bataan, Lamao
River, Whitford 1280, masc.: Province of Pampanga, Mount Abu, Bur. Sci. 1989
Foxworthy; Arayat, Merrill 1448, fem.: Province of Laguna, Elmer 8201, mase.;
Lilio, Bur. Sci. 6014 Robinson, fem.: Province of Tayabas, Infanta, Whitford
852, mase., Bur. Sci. 6805, masc., 6806, fem., Robinson: Province of Nueva Ecija,
San Jose to Carranglang, Merrill 238: Province of Albay, Mount Mayon, Bur. Sci.
6462 Robinson, fem. Porttito, Bur. Sci. 6918, 6966 Robinson, fem., Bur. Sci.
10235 McGregor. Minvoro, For. Bur. 5512 Merritt. CrBu, Catmon, For. Bur.
12434 Danao, fem.

Forma b.

Piper Warburgii C. DC. in Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1905) 159, quoad specimina
feminea. ;

Limbis utrinque magis rotundatis, 15-17 cm longis, 8-11 cm latis.

Luzon, Province of Tayabas, Sampaloc, Warburg 13115: Province of Pampanga,
Mount Arayat, Bolster 21, masc.: Province of Rizal,.Tanay, Merrill 2306, fem.:
Province of Albay, Carcraray Island, Coal Harbor, Bur. Sci. 6407 Robinson, Lrytr,
For. Bur. 11572 Whitford, masc. MARINDUQUE, collector unknown, fem.

Forma c.

Piper corylistachyon B magnifolium C. DC. Prodr. 1. ¢. ?

Piper Warburgii C. DC. 1. e. quoad specimina mascula.

Piper Usterii C. DC. in Usteri Beitr. Kenn. Philip. Veg. (1905) 125.

Limbis basi leviter inaequilatera utrinque acutis, usque ad 19 cm
longis et 9 cm latis, ramulis in sicco fuscis.

Luzon, Province of Tayabas, Atimonan, Whitford 733, masc.: Province of Ca-
marines, Nueva Caceres, For. Bur. 11332 Curran. Mrnvoro, Bongabong River,
For. Bur. 4113 Merritt; Lake Naujan, For. Bur. 6875 Merritt; Baco River, Mc-
Gregor 331, fem. Samar, Lanang, Merrill 5236, fem. GUIMARAS, Usteri.

Found also in New Guinea.

Forma d.
Piper luzonense C. DC. Prodr. 1. e. 350.

Limbis basi fere aequilatera cordatis, 12-15 cm longis, 9-10 cm latis.

Luzon, Jagor 722 in herb. Berol.

Forma d, 2.

Spicis maturis brevioribus et crassioribus, 3 cm longis, 5 mm crassis,
bracteae pelta subangulosa.

Luzon, Province of Tayabas, Atimonan, Gregory 110, fem., in thickets.

49. Piper retrofractum Vahl Enum. 1 (1804) 314; C. DC. in Urban Symb.
Antil. 3:212.

Chavica officinarum Miq. Syst. Pip. (1843) 236, Illustr. (1844) 39, t. 34.

Piper officinarum C. DC. Prodr. 16* (1869) 356.

Omnino glabrum, foliis breviter petiolatis, oblongo- vel ovato-ellipticis,
basi aequilatera vel leviter inaequilatera acutis vel obtusis vel cordulatis,
apice acute acuminatis attenuatisve, penninerviis nervo centrali usque

— eae ee.

440 DE CANDOLLE.

ad tertiam partem longitudinis suae vel tantum usque ad 1 cm supra
basin nervos adscendentes 3 et usque ad % longitudinis nervulos validos
magis patulos utrinque mitente; petiolo basi ima vaginante; pedunculo
quam petiolus paullo longiore vel paullo breviore; stirpis masc. spica
florente quam folii limbus breviore, bractea rotunda centro sessili,
coriacea, staminibus 2 vel 3, plerumque 2, antheris oblongis et sub-
tetragonis filamentis brevissimis; stirpis fem. spica matura quam folii
limbus pluries breviore, cylindrica, bractea ut in mare, ovario inferne in
rhachi immerso superne libero, stigmatibus 3 ovatis brevibus, bacca
superne semiglobosa.

Dioicum, scandens. Ramuli spiciferi in femina usque ad 2 mm crassi,
tenuiores in mare, collenchyma haud libriforme in fasciculos sat crassos
zona peripherica tenui conjunctos dispositum, fasciculi intramedullares
1-seriati, canalis lysigenis unicus centralis, cellulae sclerosae interfas-
ciculares cum phloemate fasciculorum periphericorum continuae. Limbi
in sicco firmo-membranacei, minute pellucido-punctulati, 8.5-16 cm
longi, 3.5-6.5 em lati. Petioli usque ad limbi latus longius 5-10 mm,
inter limbi latera usque ad 5 mm longi. Pedunculi usque ad 15 mm
longi. Bractea fere 1.5 mm diametro. Antherae quadrivalvatae rimis
lateralibus.

Luzon, Province of Ilocos Norte, Cuming 1248, mase.: Province of Bataan,
Mount Mariveles, Merrill 3165, For. Bur. 57 Barnes, Elmer 6862, For. Bur, 1911
Borden, Williams 302: Province of Nueva Ecija, Cabanatuan, Bur, Sci. 5294 Me-
Gregor: Province of Cagayan, Tabuc, Bolster 157, all fem.: Province of Nueva
Vizcaya, Dupax, Bur. Sci. 8239 Ramos, mase.: without definite locality, Langlassé
18, fem. PaLawan, Bur. Sci. 851 Foxworthy, mase., Bur. Sci. 190 Bermejos, fem.
BABUYANES ISLANDS, Camiguin, Bur. Sci. 4092 Féniw, masc. MINpoRO, Calapan,
collector unknown, mase., Mor. Bur. 5512 Merritt: Puerto Galera, Merrill 3342;
Baco, Merrill 1238, all fem. ' :

This species is cultivated in all the tropical countries of the old world and has
even been introduced into the West Indies.

Forma b.

Limbis basi leviter inaequilatera cordatis apice acute acuminatis,
?-plinerviis, nervo centrali nervos 2 adscendentes opposite aut subopposite
mittente quorum supremus fere a 4 cm supra basin solutus, nervis lateral-
ibus adscendentibus utrinque 2 a basi solutis, cellulis sclerosis inter-
fascicularibus nullis.

Luzon, Province of Bataan, Duale, For. Bur. 20039 Topacio, altitude 70 m,
berries red, local name subon-manoc (Tagalog).

50. Piper penninerve ©. DC. in Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1905) 157.

Omnino glabrum, foliis breviter petiolatis, magnis, elliptico-lanceolatis
inferne attenuatis et basi aequilatera acutis apice acute et sat longe
acuminatis, nervo centrali ultra medium suum nervos adscendentes
utrinque 9 vel 10 mittente ; petiolo basi ima vaginante, spicis in specimine
viso juvenilibus, bractea orbiculari centro pedicellata.

A REVISION OF PHILIPPINE PIPERACEAE. 441

Ramuli spiciferi fere 3 mm crassi, collenchyma continuum §haud
libriforme cellulis fuscis intermixtum ; fasciculi intramedullares 1-seriati,
canales lysigenes plures quorum unus centralis alii peripherici. Limbi
in sicco membranacei minute pellucido-punctulati, fere usque ad 20 cm
longi et ad 8.5 cm lati. Petioli usque ad 12 mm longi. Pedunculi in
specimine juveniles quam petioli paullo breviores, spicae vix 1 cm longae
verisimiliter masculae.

MinDANaAo, District of Davao, Mount Dagatpan, Warburg 14744, in mixed
forests.

51. Piper striatum C. DC. in Elm. Leafl. Philip. Bot. 3 (1910) 772.
Minpanao, District of Davao, Todaya (Mount Apo), Elmer 11764, September.

52. Piper oblongibaccum ©, DC. 1. ¢. 773.

Necros, Dumaguete, Cuernos Mountains, Hlmer 8456, March.

53. Piper Williamsii C. DC. sp. nov.

Foliis modice petiolatis, rotundato-ovatis basi aequilatera rotundatis
apice acute acuminatis, supra glabris subtus tantum ad nervos minutis-
sime puberulis, 9-ninerviis nervo centrali nervos adscendentes utrinque
2 mittente quorum supremus a 2.5 em supra basin solutus, nervis latera-
libus subadscendentibus utrinque 2 a basi solutis quorum externi tenuis-
simi; petiolo minutissime puberulo basi ima vaginante; stirpis fem.
-pedunculo glabro quam petiolus multo breviore, spica quam folii limbus
pluries breviore, matura elliptica, rhachi glabra, bractea rotunda sub-
sessili glabra, baccis inferne in rhachi immersis superne umbonatis et
glabris, stigmatibus 3 vel 4 ovatis et parvis.

Dioicum, in arboribus scandens. Ramuli glabri, spiciferi 1 mm crassi,
in 7 mm crassis collenchyma in fasciculos discretos dispositum et haud
libriforme, fasciculi intramedullares 1-seriati, canalis lysigenis nullus.
Limbi in sicco membranacei creberrime pellucido-punctulati, usque ad 13
em longi et 9 cm lati. Spica matura in sicco 3 cm longa et 12 mm
crassa, fuscescens, bracteae pelta 1 mm diametro. Stigmata in apice
baccae sessilia.

MINDANAO, District of Davao, Santa Cruz, Williams 2750, April.

54. Piper Allenii C. DC. sp. nov.

Foliis parvis modice petiolatis, ovato-ellipticis basi ima leviter in-
aequilatera acutis apice acute acuminatis, supra glabris subtus velutino-
puberulis, 7-plinerviis, nervo centrali nervos adscendentes 2 alternatim
mittente quorum supremus a 1 cm supra basin solutus, nervis lateralibus
adscendentibus utrinque 2 a basi solutis; stirpis fem. pedunculo velutino-
puberulo quam petiolus paullo longiore, spica florente quam folii limbus
pluries breviore, cylindrica apice obtusa, rhachi puberula, bracteae glabrae
pelta rotunda, ovario glabro libero, stigmatibus 4 linearibus.

Dioicum. Ramuli juniores velutino-puberuli dein glabri, spiciferi 0.75
mm crassi, collenchyma in fasciculos discretos dispositum et haud libri-

_’ h6UThc +. *

i

ee

442 DE CANDOLLE.

forme, fasciculi intramedullares 1-seriati, canalis lysigenis unicus cen-
tralis. Limbi in sicco membranacei, minutissime et inconspicue pellu-
cido-punctulati, superi 6 cm longi et 26 mm lati. Petioli usque ad limbi
latus longius 3 mm, inter limbi latera 7 mm longi. Spica florens 6 mm
longa, 3 mm crassa. Flores in vivo albi. Bracteae pelta 0.5 mm dia-
metro. Stigmata in apice ovarii sessilia.

MINDANAO, Province of Surigao, Allen 152, in deep shade, moist places, July.

55. Piper sibulanum C. DC. in Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1905) 158, emend.

Foliis modice petiolatis, suboblique rotundato-ovatis basi ima aequi-
latera acutis apice breviter et obtusiuscule acuminatis, supra glabris
subtus ad nervos minutissime puberulis, 9-ninerviis nervo centrali neryos
adscendentes 2 alternatim mittente quorum supremus a 22 mm supra
basin solutus, nervis lateralibus adscendentibus utrinque 3 a basi solutis ;
petiolo minutissime puberulo basi ima vaginante; stirpis masc. pedunculo
minutissime puberulo quam petiolus fere triplo breviore; spica quam
limbi dimidium breviore, rhachi glabra, bracteae glabrae pelta rotunda
centro pedicellata, staminibus 2, antheris minutis ellipticis bivalvatis,
filamentis cum antheris aequilatis et eis paullo longioribus.

Dioicum. Ramuli juniores minutissime puberuli, cito glabri, spiciferi
2.5 mm erassi, collenchyma in fasciculos discretos dispositum et haud
libriforme, fasciculi intramedullares 1-seriati, canales lysigenes nulli.
Limbi in sicco membranacei pellucido-punctulati, 10-11 em longi, 7-8
em lati. Petioli 2 em longi. Spica florens 3 cm longa, 2 mm crassa.
Bracteae pelta 0.75 mm diametro. In specimine viso spica exstat
sparsim tumefacta, tumoribus globosis amileum continentibus et baccas
mire simulantibus.

MINDANAO, District of Davao, in forests on the coast, Warburg 14742.

56. Piper malarayatense C. DC. sp. nov.

Foliis modice petiolatis, oblongo-ovatis basi aequilatera rotundatis
apice acute et sat longe acuminatis, supra glabris subtus ad nervos
hirtellis, 9-ninerviis, nervo centrali nervos 2 adscendentes alternatim
mittente quorum supremus a 1.5 cm supra basin solutus, nervis lateralibus
3 a basi solutis; petiolo dense hirtello usque ad dimidium longitudinis
vaginante; stirpis masc. pedunculo glabro petiolum paullo superante,
spica florente limbi dimidium fere aequante, rhachi pilosa, bracteae
glabrae pelta rotunda, centro pedicellata, staminibus 2, antheris reniform-
ibus.

Dioicum, scandens. Ramuli glabri, spiciferi 1.5 mm erassi, collen-
chyma continuum sparsim libriforme, fasciculi intramedullares 1-seriati,
canalis lysigenis unicus centralis. Limbi in sicco membranacei epunc-
tulati, superi 11 cm longi, 5 cm lati, inferi paullo majores, rotundato-
ovati basi cordati et subtus ubique sat dense hirtelli. Petioli superi 22

—

A REVISION OF PHILIPPINE PIPERACEAE. 443

mm, pedunculi 30 mm longi. Spica florens 6.5 cm longa, 2 mm crassa.
Bracteae pelta 1 mm.diametro. An P. Betlei forma?

Luzon, Province of Batangas, Mount Malarayat, Copeland s. n., February.

57. Piper siassiense C. DC. sp. nov.

Foliis superis parvis modice petiolatis, ovatis basi ima aequilatera
subacutis apice acute acuminatis, supra glabris subtus ad nervos minute
velutinis, 5-plinerviis, nervo centrali a 4 mm supra basin trifido; petiolo
velutino-puberulo basi ima vaginante; stirpis masc. pedunculo glabro
petiolum superante, spica quam folii limbus multo breviore, rhachi
hirtella, bracteae pelta glabra transverse elliptica centro pedicellata,
pedicello hirtello, staminibus 2 antheris ellipticis bivalvatis.

Dioicum, a caule inferne repente rami circiter 35 cm longi surgentes.
Ramuli juniores minutissime puberuli cito glabri, spiciferi 0.5 mm crassi,
collenchyma in fasciculos discretos dispositum, haud libriforme, fasciculi
intramedullares 1-seriati, canalis lysigenis unicus centralis. Limbi in
sicco membranacei tantum minutissime pellucido-punctulati, superi usque
ad 72 mm longi et ad 30‘mm lati, inferiores conformes usque ad 10 cm
longi et 4.5 cm lati, infimi rotundati basi cordati usque ad 8 cm longi.
Petioli 5 mm, pedunculi 7 mm longi. Spica florens 10 mm longa, 2 mm
crassa. Bracteae pelta transverse 1 mm lata. An P. Allenii masc. ?

Srasst (Sulu Archipelago), in coconut groves, Merrill 5311, October.

58. Piper laxirameum C. DC. in Elm. Leafl. Philip. Bot. 3 (1910) 775.

MINDANAO, District of Davao, Todaya (Mount Apo), Elmer 10503, May.
~ 59. Piper delicatum C. DC. 1. ¢. 774. %
- Foliis breviter petiolatis, anguste ovato-lanceolatis, inferne subat-
tenuatis et basi ima aequilatera vel leviter inaequilatera acutis apice
acute et sat longe acuminatis, supra glabris vel ad nervos parcissime
puberulis, 5-plinerviis nervis adscendentibus, centrali a 5 mm supra basin
trifido, nervo laterali utrinque a basi soluto; petiolo puberulo basi ima
vaginante; pedunculo glabro petiolum fere aequante; stirpis masc. spica
florente quam folii limbus pluries breviore, rhachi hirtella; bracteae
glabrae pelta rotunda, pedicello brevi et lato; staminibus 2, antheris
rotundatis ; stirpis fem. spica matura quam folii limbus pluries breviore
cylindrica apice obtusa, bracteae glabrae pelta rotunda centro subsessili,
rhachi ut in mare; ovario libero rotundato, glabro, apice brevissime
attenuato, stigmatibus 3 vel 4 linearibus, bacca ovata apice subacuta.

Frutex delicatus, ad arbores parvas scandens. Ramuli juniores hirtelli,
in sicco fusci, adulti glabri et pallidi, teretes, spiciferi 1 mm crassi,
collenchyma in fasciculos discretos dispositum et haud libriforme, fasciculi
intramedullares 1-seriati, canales lysigenes nulli, cellulae fuscae magnae
in cortice sparsae. Limbi in sicco tenuiter membranacei, minute et
creberrime pellucido-punctulati, usque ad 8 cm longi et 2.5 cm lati.

444 DE CANDOLLE.

Petioli 6 mm longi. Spica fem. baccifera 15 mm longa, 7 mm crassa,
in vivo erecta et rubra. Ovarium basi late sessile. Bacca 2 mm longa.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Mount Tonglon (Santo Tomas), altitude about
2,000 m, Elmer 8583, mase., 6274 fem., For. Bur. 11092 Whitford, masc., For. Bur.
4964 Curran, fem., Merrill 4820, fem.; Baguio, Elmer 8359, fem.: District of
Lepanto, Mount Data, Merrill 4494, fem., Bur. Sci. 5461 Ramos, fem.

B glabrum C. DC. var. nov.

Ramulis foliis et spicis glabris, stigmatibus ovato-acutis brevioribusque.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Mount Tonglon (Santo Tomas), Williams 1216,
Bur. Sci, 5403 Ramos, For. Bur, 15604 Curran, mase.; Pauai, altitude about 2,100

m, Bur, Sci. 4454 Mearns, Bur. Sci. 8497 McGregor, fem.: District of Lepanto,
Mount Data, For. Bur. 15997 Bacani.

60. Piper denudatum Opiz in Reliq. Haenk. 1 (1828) 158, emend.

Rhyncholepsis Haenkeana Migq. Syst. Pip. (1843) 284.

Foliis brevissime petiolatis, superis elliptico-lanceolatis basi subaequi-
latera acutis apice longe et acute acuminatis supra glabris subtus ad
nervos pilosis, 8-plinerviis, nervo centrali nervos 2 adscendentes alter-
natim mittente quorum supremus fere a 2.5'cm supra basin solutus,
nervis lateralibus adscendentibus altero latere 3 altero 2 a basi solutis;
petiolo piloso; pedunculo glabro quam petiolus longiore; stirpis fem.
spica quam folium fere triplo breviore, baccis liberis globosis.

Dioicum. Ramuli villosi. Limbi juniores utrinque pilosi, adulti
supra glaberrimi, superi usque ad 18 cm longi et 7% em lati; inferi
oblongo-ovati basi aequilatera subrotundati apice longe et acute acu-
minati, usque ad 8.5 em lati (ex Opiz 1. ce. et quoad folia ex Opiz herb.)

Luzon, Province of Sorsogon, Haenke, fide Opiz 1. e.

61. Piper longivaginans C. DC. sp. nov.

Foliis modice petiolatis, elliptico-lanceolatis, basi ima levissime in-
aequilatera acutis, apice acute acuminatis, supra glabris subtus.ad nervos
nervulosque minute puberulis, 7-plinerviis, nervo centrali nervos adscen-
dentes utrinque 2 mittente quorum supremus a 2.5 cm supra basin
solutus, nervo laterali adscendente utrinque a basi soluto; petiolo
minutissime puberulo usque ad limbi latus brevius vaginante; stirpis
fem. pedunculo glabro petiolum aequante, spica matura quam folii limbus
pluries breviore, rhachi hirsuta, bracteae pelta glabra rotunda, baccis
inferne in rhachi immersis superne liberis et ovato-acutis.

Dioicum. Ramuli glabri, spiciferi 1 mm crassi, collenchyma in fas-
ciculos discretos dispositum et haud libriforme, fasciculi intramedullares
1-seriati, canalis lysigenis unicus centralis. Limbi in sicco membranacei,
ereberrime et minute pellucido-punctulati, usque ad 14 cm longi et 6 cm

_ lati. Petioli usque ad limbi latus longius 9 mm, inter limbi latera 1 mm

longi. Pedunculi 10 mm longi. Spica in sicco fuscescens, 20 mm longa,
6 mm crassa. Bracteae pelta fere 0.75 mm diametro.

Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mount Banajao, Bur. Sci. 6069 Robinson, March.

uel tian

7
.

A REVISION OF PHILIPPINE PIPERACEAE,. 445

62. Piper parcirameum C. DC. in Elm. Leafl. Philip. Bot. 3 (1910) 777.
MrinpAnao, District of Davao, Todaya (Mount Calelan), Elmer 11274.

63. Piper crassinodum C. DC. 1. c, 776.
Luzon, Province of Tayabas, Lucban, Elmer 7626, 8042.

64. Piper parcipilum C. DC. sp. nov.

Foliis breviter petiolatis, ovato-oblongis basi fere aequilatera obtusis,
apice sat longe acuminatis acumine obtuso, utrinque parce hirtellis et
adultis fere glabris, 5-plinerviis, nervo centrali fere 6 mm supra basin
trifido sursumque nervulos validos et patulos mittente, nervo laterali
adscendente utrinque a basi soluto; petiolo glabro basi ima vaginante ;
stirpis masc. pedunculo glabro petiolum multo superante et temui; spica
quam. folii limbus pluries breviore apice acuta, rhachi hirsuta, bractea
glabra rotunda centro subsessili, staminibus 2, antheris ovatis filamenta
longitudine aequantibus.

Dioicum. Ramuli glabri, spiciferi 1 mm crassi, collenchyma sub-
continuum partim libriforme, fasciculi intramedullares 1-seriati, canales
lysigenes* plures quorum unus centralis alii peripherici, cellulae sclerosae
interfasciculares cum phloemate fasciculorum periphericorum continuae.
Limbi in sicco membranacei minute et inconspicue pellucido-punctulati,
usque ad 11.75 cm longi et ad 34 mm lati. Petioli 6-10 mm, pedunculi
15 mm longi. Spicae circiter 12 mm longae. Bracteae 0.75 mm
diametro.

Mrinpanao, Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley, Mrs. Clemens s. n., September, October.

65. Piper Robinsonii C. DC. sp. nov.

Foliis modice petiolatis elliptico-lanceolatis basi ima aequilatera acutis
apice acute et sat longe acuminatis, utrinque crispule pubescentibus,
5-plinerviis, nervis adscendentibus, neryo centrali a 4 mm supra basin
trifido, nervo laterali utrinque a basi soluto; petiolo pubescente basi ima
vaginante ; stirpis fem. pedunculo petiolum subaequante, supra in margine
crispule pubescente, spica adhue juvenili quam folii limbus pluries
breviore, rhachi pilosa, bracteae glabrae pelta rotunda, ovario libero
glabro.

Dioicum. Ramuli juniores crispule pubescentes, postea glabri, spiciferi
1 mm crassi, longitudinaliter striati, collenchyma in fasciculos discretos
dispositum et haud libriforme, canalis lysigenis unicus centralis. Limbi
in sicco membranacei creberrime et minute pellucido-punctulati, usque
ad 5.5 cm longi et 20 mm lati. Petioli 5 mm longi. Spica juvenilis
in specimine viso usque ad 6 mm longa et 1.5 mm crassa.

Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mount Banajao, Bur. Sci. 6065 Robinson, March.

66. Piper ovatibaccum C. DC. in Elm. Leafl. Philip. Bot. 3 (1910) 778.

Foliis breviter petiolatis, ovato- vel elliptico-lanceolatis, basi leviter
inaequilatera in mare utrinque acutis, in femina utrinque acutis vel
altero latere rotundatis, apice acute et sat longe acuminatis, supra

ae ae Ce ee pe

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446 DE CANDOLLE.

subtusque haud dense pilosis, 7-plinerviis, nervo centrali a 5-10 mm
supra basin trifido, nervis lateralibus adscendentibus utrinque 2 a basi
solutis; petiolo dense piloso paullo ultra basin vaginante; stirpis mase.
pedunculo glabro quam petiolus paullo breviore, spica florente limbi
dimidium fere aequante, rhachi dense pilosa, bracteae glabrae pelta
rotunda centro subsessili; staminibus 2 antheris ovato-globosis; stirpis
fem. pedunculo rhachi et bractea ut in mare, ovario libero ovato glabro,
stigmatibus 3 ovato-acutis, bacca ovata apice subacuta.

Dioicum, scandens. Ramuli primum dense villosi dein glabri et
lenticellis concoloribus asperulati, spiciferi 1.5 mm crassi, collenchyma
haud libriforme, in fasciculos discretos dispositum vel subcontinuum,
fasciculi intramedullares 1-seriati, canales lysigenes peripherici nulli.
Limbi in sicco membranacei creberrime et minute pellucido-punctulati,
9.5-10 cm longi, 3.5-4.5 em lati. Petioli 7-8 mm, pedunculi circiter
5 mm longi. Spica mase. fere 4.5 cm longa et 1.5 mm crassa, fem. 1.5—2
cm longa et 6-8 mm crassa. Bracteae pelta fere 0.75 mm diametro.
Bacca fere 2 mm longa, in sicco fuscescens.

Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mount Banajao, For. Bur. 8016 Curran & Merritt,
fem., November, Bur. Sci. 2460 Foxworthy, masc., March, Bur. Sci. 6089 Robinson
March: Province of Tayabas, Infanta, Bur. Sci. 9355 Robinson, fem., in the mossy
forest, fruit red; Lucban, Elmer 7888, masc., 9335 fem., Whitford 1004, October.
Mrnpanao, Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley, Mrs. Clemens s. n., mase. & fem.

Forma b.

Ramulis junioribus parce pilosis, cito glabratis, collenchyma subcon-
tinuum haud libriforme.

’ Mrnporo, Mount Halcon, Merrill 5645, November.

67. Piper Toppingii C. DC, in Elm. Leafl. Philip. Bot. 3 (1910) 779.

Foliis brevissime petiolatis, ovato-lanceolatis basi ima leviter inaequi-
latera altero latere attenuatis altero anguste rotundatis vel utrinque
rotundatis, apice longe et obtusiuscule acuminatis, junioribus supra
praesertim ad nervum centralem hirtellis dein glabris subtus ubique et
sat dense hirsutis, nervo centrali nervos 2 adscendentes utrinque alter-
natim mittente, quorum superus a 2 cm supra basin solutus, nervis
lateralibus altero latere 2 vel 3, altero 3 vel 4 a basi solutis, quorum
superi adscendentes alii magis arcuati et breviores ; petiolo dense hirsuto;
stirpis masc. pedunculo hirsuto petiolum pluries superante, spica florente
quam folii limbus fere triplo breviore, rhachi dense hirsuta, bracteae
pelta glabra glandulis farcta et in sicco supra pulverulenti-albicante,
staminibus 2, filamentis latis et brevibus, antheris secundum rhachin
oblongo-ellipticis ; stirpis fem. pedunculo et rhachi ut in mare, bracteae
pelta ut in mare pedicello longo et hirsuto, ovario libero rotundato glabro,
stigmate minuto 3-lobulato, baccis subtrigono-obovatis condensis.

Dioicum, scandens. Ramuli in sicco albido-villosi pilis 2 mm longis,
spiciferi 2 mm crassi, collenchyma libriforme in fasciculos a latere valde

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A REVISION OF PHILIPPINE PIPERACEAE. 447

elongatos dispositum, fasciculi intramedullares 1-seriati, canalis lysigenis
unicus centralis. Limbi in sicco rigidi pellucido-punctulati et in femina
punctis albidis conspersi, usque ad 13 cm longi et 4 cm lati. Petioli
3-5 mm longi, pedunculi in mare 25 mm in femina 40 mm longi. Spica
in mare 4.5 cm longa, 2.5 mm crassa, in femina 7 cm longa, 5 mm crassa.
Bracteae pelta 0.75 mm diametro. Ovarium pellucido-glandulosum.
Bacca 1.5 mm longa.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Baguio, Topping 14, January, For. Bur. 5081

Curran, August, Williams 1091, June; Trinidad River, Bur. Sci, 5555 Ramos,
December, Elmer 8375, 5850, fem.; Mount Pulog, Merrill 6530, masc., May.

68. Piper obovatibracteum C. DC. in Elm. Leafl. Philip. Bot. 3 (1910) 780.
Luzon, Province of Tayabas, Lucban, Elmer 7927, May.

69. Piper Mearnsii C. DC. sp. nov.

Omnino glabrum, foliis breviter petiolatis, ovatis basi ima aequilatera
acutis, apice subacute et sat longe acuminatis, 5-plinerviis nervo centrali
fere a Y mm supra basin nervum adscendentem opposite aut subopposite
mittente, nervo laterali adscendente utrinque a basi soluto; petiolo basi
ima vaginante pedunculo eum aequante, spica quam folii limbus pluries
breviore, cylindrica, bracteae pelta elliptica centro brevissime pedicellata,
staminibus 2 antheris globosis quam filamenta multo brevioribus, ovario
libero ovato, stigmatibus 4 linearibus.

Frutex scandens. Ramuli spiciferi 2 mm crassi, collenchyma in
fasciculos discretos dispositum et haud libriforme, fasciculi intramedul-
lares 1-seriati, canalis lysigenis unicus centralis. Limbi in sicco mem-
branacei crebre pellucido-punctulati, 8.5 cm longi, 47 mm lati. Bracteae
pelta 1 mm lata. )

Luzon, Province of Tayabas, Casiguran, Bur. Sci. 2987 Mearns, June.

70. Piper Copelandii C. DC. sp. nov.

Foliis modice petiolatis, elliptico-lanceolatis basi aequilatera acutis,
apice longe et acute acuminatis, supra subtusque glabris, %-plinerviis
nervo centrali nervos adscendentes utrinque 2 opposite mittente, quorum
supremi fere a 3 cm inferi paullo supra basin soluti, nervo laterali
adscendente utrinque a basi soluto; petiolo glabro basi ima vaginante ;
pedunculo glabro petiolim paullo superante, spica quam folii limbus
pluries breviore, cylindrica apice obtusa, rhachi hirsuta, bracteae pelta
orbiculari glabra centro pedicellata pedicello hirsuto, flore hermaphrodito,
staminibus 2?, antheris ellipticis filamenta fere aequantibus, connectivo
producto apiculatis, ovario inferne in rhachi immerso et cum ea concreto
superne libero conico glabro, stigmatibus 2 lateralibus lunulatis carnosis.

Frutex in arboribus scandens. Ramuli glabri, spiciferi 1.75 mm
crassi, collenchyma in fasciculos discretos dispositum et haud libriforme,
fasciculi intramedullares 1-seriati, canales lysigenes plures quorum unus
centralis, alii peripherici. Limbi in sicco membranacei crebre pellucido-

ee)

eae,

TT — ©

_—lU a

448 DE CANDOLLE.

punctulati, usque ad 12 em longi et 5.5 cm lati. Petioli 7 mm, pedunculi
12 mm longi. Spica florens 1 cm longa et 5 mm crassa.

MrinDANnao, District of Davao, Todaya, Copeland 1298, altitude about 1,200 m,
April.

71. Piper interruptum Opiz in Reliq. Haenk. 1 (1828) 157.

P, Cumingianum Miq, Syst. Pip. (1843) 829; C. DC. Prodr. 16* (1869) 366,
emend.

Foliis modice petiolatis, elliptico-lanceolatis basi leviter inaequilatera
acutis, apice acute acuminatis, utrinque glabris, 5-nerviis; petiolo glabro
basi vaginante; stirpis masc. pedunculo glabro petiolum fere aequante,
spica adulta quam folii limbus longiore, rhachi parce pilosa, bractea
longe adnata glabra oblonga utrinque obtusa, staminibus 3, filamento
cum anthera aequilato et ea paullo longiore; stirpis fem. pedunculo
glabro adulto petiolum fere triplo superante, spica folii limbum super-
ante, rhachi et bractea ut in mare, ovario libero glabro, stigmatibus 3
obtusis, bacca libera ovata, glabra.

Dioicum, scandens. Ramuli glabri laeves, spiciferi 1.5 mm crassi,
collenchyma in fasciculos discretos a latere productos dispositum et zona
interna libriforme, fasciculi intramedullares 1-seriati, canalis Lysigenis
unicus centralis. Limbi in sicco firmulo-membranacei opaci, 79.5 em
longi, 4—6 em lati. Petioli 1-1.5 cm longi. Spicae mase. 14 cm longae,
1 mm crassae, fem. paullo brevior.

2

Luzon, Province of Sorsogon, Sorsogon, Haenke: Province of Ilocos Norte,
Cuming 1190, mase.: Provinee of Bataan, Lamao River, Williams 16, October.
MINDANAO, Province of Misamis, Cuming 1624, fem.: District of Davao, Malita,
Copeland 676, March.

Forma b.

Alte scandens, limbis usque ad 12 em longis et 5.5 em latis, pedunculis
35 mm longis.

Luzon, Province of Bataan, Lamao River, Whitford 1040, fem., altitude about
100 m, June.

B. herbaceum C, DC. var. nov.

Herba 50 cm alta, limbis usque ad 10.5 em longis et 5 cm latis, baccis
ellipticis, 4 mm longis, inferis in specimine viso brevissime stipitatis,
stigmatibus 3 oblongis apice acutis.

Luzon, Province of Bataan, Mount Mariveles, Merrill 3182, fem., rare, on
exposed ridges at an altitude of about 1,150 m, October.

y. multiplinerve C. DC. var. nov.

Scandens, limbis 10.5 em longis, 4.5 cm latis, in sicco pellucido-pune-
tulatis, 5-plinerviis nervo centrali a 4 mm supra basin trifido, 10-11 em
longis, 4-6 cm latis, pedunculo petiolum duplo superante, 7 mm longo,

a

A REVISION OF PHILIPPINE PIPERACEAE. 449

rhachi in mare glabra in femina parce pilosa, staminibus 3 antheris
reniformibus, stigmatibus 4, ovato-acutis, bacca globosa.

Luzon, Province of Tayabas, Lucban, Elmer 7691, May, low, scandent, in light
woods, altitude 750 m, the brown bark roughened with darker brown lenticels:
Province of Rizal, Bosoboso, Bur. Sci. 1019 Ramos, June; Montalban, Loher 4570,
4578: Province of Bataan, Mount Mariveles, Elmer 6855, November: Province of
Benguet, For. Bur, 15865 Bacani, December.

6. subarborescens C. DC. var. nov.

Arbuscula, limbis 17 cm longis, 7.5 cm latis, 5-plinerviis, nervo centrali
paullulo supra basin trifido; pedunculo petiolum fere duplo superante;
spica fem. folii dimidium fere aequante, rhachi pilosa, stigmatibus 3,
ovato-oblongis, apice acutis, bacca globosa.

Luzon, Province of Rizal, Bosoboso, Bur. Sci. 4585 Ramos, a small shrub in
forests, August.

72. Piper ellipticibaccum C. DC. sp. nov,

Foliis modice petiolatis, inferis ? anguste ovato-lanceolatis basi ima
aequilatera acutis superne longe attenuatis et apice acutis, utrinque
glabris, 5-nerviis; petiolo glabro ultra basin vaginante; stirpis fem.
pedunculo glabro petiolum fere aequante, spica quam folii limbus breviore,
rhachi hirtella, bractea longe adnata, glabra obovato-oblonga, ovario
libero, glabro, stigmatibus 3 vel 4, linearibus acutis, bacca. elliptica.

Dioicum, scandens. Ramuli glabri 2 mm crassi, in sicco flavicantes,
teretes, collenchyma subcontinuum fere omnino libriforme, fasciculi
intramedullares 1-seriati, canalis lysigenis unicus centralis. Limbi in
sicco subrigidi, minute et haud crebre pellucido-punctulati, usque ad
11.5 cm longi et ad 2.5 cm lati. Petioli usque ad 10 mm longi. Folia
speciminis visi verisimiliter tantum plantae folia infera. Spica baccifera
in specimine unica et segregata, 6.5 cm longa. Bractea 2.5 mm longa et
apice fere 1.5 mm lata. Bacca 4 mm longa et fere 2.5 mm crassa, in
sicco atrorubescens.

Luzon, Province of Camarines, Maagnas, Bur, Sci. 6344 Robinson, August.

73. Piper Clemensiae C. DC. sp. nov.

Omnino glabrum, foliis modice petiolatis, subrotundato-ovatis basi

aequilatera rotundatis, apice acute acuminatis, 7-nerviis; petiolo basi
ima vaginante; stirpis fem. pedunculo petiolum superante, spica matura
folii limbum duplo et plus superante, bractea longe adnata oblonga
utrinque obtusa, ovario libero ovato, stigmatibus 3 ovatis carnosis, bacca

‘ovata apice mucronulata.

Dioicum. Ramuli spiciferi usque ad 3 mm crassi, collenchyma in fas-
ciculos discretos dispositum, zona interna libriforme vel haud libriforme,
fasciculi intramedullares 1-seriati, canalis lysigenis unicus centralis,
epidermidis parietes externae crassae. Limbi in sicco firmi, virescentes,

97605——6

petie se Sse Ss tA ER sath Biting a _— )

450 DE CANDOLLE.

pellucido-punctulati, superi 11 cm longi et 6.5 cm lati, inferiores magis
rotundati et basi cordati. Petioli 1.5 em pedunculi usque ad 3 cm longi.
Spicae bacciferae 22 cm longae. Bractea 5 mm longa. Bacca 6 mm
longa, 3 mm crassa, in sicco fuscescens.

Mindanao, Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley, Mrs. Clemens 1200, January.

74. Piper Loheri C. DC. sp. nov.

Foliis modice petiolatis, ovato-lanceolatis basi levissime inaequilatera
acutis apice acute acuminatis, utrinque glabris, 7-nerviis nervis adscen-
dentibus; petiolo glabro basi ima vaginante; stirpis masc. pedunculo
glabro quam petiolus paullo breviore, spica subflorente folii limbum
aequante, filiformi, rhachi parce pilosa, bractea longe adnata oblongo-
elliptica, staminibus 2 filamentis brevissimis antheras latitudine aequan-
tibus; stirpis fem. pedunculo glabro petiolum aequante, spica matura
limbum subaequante, rhachi et bractea ut in mare, ovario libero glabro,
stigmatibus 4 ovato-acutis, bacca ovata vel oblonga-ovata.

Dioicum, scandens. Ramuli glabri, spiciferi 1 mm crassi, collenchyma
partim libriforme in fasciculos discretos dispositum, fasciculi intra-
medullares 1-seriati, canalis lysigenis unicus centralis. Limbi in sicco
membranacei creberrime et minute pellucido-punctulati, 9-10 em longi,
4.5-6 cm lati. Petioli usque ad 2 cm longi. Bractea 2.5 mm longa,
1mm lata. Bacca in sicco 4 mm longa et fuscescens.

Luzon, Province of Rizal, Mountains of San Mateo, Loher 4553, mase.; San
Francisco, Loher 4578, 4579, 4581; Montalban, Merrill 5039, March: Province of
Pangasinan, Alberto 40: Province of Nueva Ecija, For. Bur. 8495 Curran,

January: Province of Laguna, Hallier, December: Province of Union, Bauang,
Elmer 5738, February.

Forma b.

Scandens, limbis superis usque ad 12 em longis et 6.5 cm latis.

Luzon, Province of Batangas, Santo Tomas, Milaor 278, January; a vine in dry
places.

8 multiplinerve C. DC. var. nov.

Scandens, limbis usque ad 11 cm longis et 5 cm latis, 5-plinerviis,
nervo centrali nervos adscendentes utrinque 2 mittente, quorum supremus
fere a 1 cm supra basin solutus, stirpis fem. spica usque ad 13 cm longa,
bacca globosa in sicco 3 mm crassa et fuscescens.

Luzon, Province of Bataan, Lamao, Bur. Sci. 1870 Foxworthy, December: Prov-
ince of Laguna, Lilio, Bur. Sci. 6015 Robinson, March.

75. Piper laevirameum C. DC. sp. nov.

Foliis modice petiolatis, ovato-ellipticis ima basi leviter inaequilatera
subacutis vel brevissime subpeltatis apice acute acuminatis, utrinque
glabris, -nerviis, nervis adscendentibus; petiolo glabro basi ima
vaginante ; stirpis fem. pedunculo glabro tenui petiolum superante ; spica
submatura folii limbum superante, rhachi pilosa; bractea glabra longe

A REVISION OF PHILIPPINE PIPERACEAE. 451

adnata, oblonga inferne attenuato-acuta apice truncata, ovario libero
glabro, stigmatibus 3 ovato-acutis, bacca submatura ovata.

Dioicum. Ramuli glabi, laeves, spiciferi 2 mm crassi, collenchyma
libriforme in fasciculos a latere productos dispositum, fasciculi intra-
medullares 1-seriati, canalis lysigenis unicus centralis. Limbi in sicco
firmo-membranacei creberrime pellucido-punctulati, 16 cm longi, 8.5
em lati. Petioli usque ad limbi latus longius 2 cm inter limbi latera
1 mm longi. Pedunculi 32 mm longi, 1 mm crassi. Spica submatura
19 cm longa. Bractea 3.5 mm longa 1 mm lata. Bacca 3.5 mm longa,
in sicco nigra.

Mindanao, Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley, Mrs. Clemens 1255, September, October.

76. Piper abraense C, DC. nov.

Foliis breviter petiolatis, ovato-ellipticis basi ima aequilatera subacutis,
apice acute et sat longe acuminatis, utrinque glabris, 7-nerviis vel 7-
plinerviis et tum nervo centrali paullulo supra basin trifido, nervis
lateralibus extremis tenuibus; petiolo glabro basi ima vaginante; stirpis
fem. pedunculo glabro petiolum adultum fere aequante, spica matura
quam folii limbus breviore, rhachi hirsuta, bractea longe adnata, glabra
elliptico-oblonga utrinque rotundata, ovario libero glabro, stigmatibus
4 ovato-acutis, bacca ovato-globosa.

Arbuscula 1 mm alta, dioica. Ramuli teretes glabri, laeves, in sicco
pallide virescentes, spiciferi 1 mm crassi, collenchyma partim libriforme
in fasciculos a latere valde productos dispositum seu subcontinuum,
fasciculi intramedullares 1-seriati, canalis lysigenis unicus centralis,
cellulae sclerosae interfasciculares cum phloemate fasciculorum peri-
phericorum continuae. Limbi in sicco membranacei minute pellucido-
punctulati, usque ad 10.5 cm longi et ad 5.5 em lati; limbi inferi ovato-
acuminati, basi aequilatera rotundati. Petioli superi usque ad 10 mm
inferi usque ad 16 mm longi. Spica circiter 5.5 em longa. Bractea 3
mm longa, 1.5 mm lata. Bacca 3 mm longa, fere 2.75 mm crassa, in
vivo rubra, in sicco atrorubescens.

Luzon, Province of Abra, Bur. Sci. 7195 Ramos, January.

77. Piper glabrispicum C. DC. in Perkins Frag. Fl. Philip. (1905) 155, emend.

Omnino glabrum, foliis breviter petiolatis, ovato-ellipticis, basi leviter
inaequilatera acutis, apice breviter et acute acuminatis, 7-plinerviis, nervo
centrali nervos adscendentes 2 alternatim mittente quorum supremus
_ fereal cm supra basin solutus, nervis lateralibus adscendentibus utrinque
2 a basi solutis quorum extremi aliis multo tenuiores; petiolo basi ima
vaginante; stirpis fem. pedunculo petiolum paullo superante, spica
limbum aequante vel eum paullo superante, bractea longe adnata oblonga
utrinque obtusa, ovario libero ovato, stigmatibus 3 ovato-acutis.

Dioicum. Ramuli in sicco subcinerescentes, spiciferi 1 mm crassi,
collenchyma continuum libriforme, fasciculi intramedullares 1-seriati,

, ron-

452 DE CANDOLLE.

canalis lysigenis centralis canalesque peripherici plures. Limbi in sieco
membranacei creberrime pellucido-punctulati, 10-11 em longi, 4—4.5 cm
lati. Petioli fere 11 mm, pedunculi 15 mm longi. Bractea 4 mm longa,
1mm lata. Species P. nigro proxima, an hujus forma spontanea ?

MINDANAO, District of Davao, Taumo, Warburg 14748.

78. Piper nigrum Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 28.

Piper lawum Vahl Enum. 1 (1804) 326.

PHILIPPINES, Vahl in herb. ef 1. c.; cultivated in all the tropical countries of
the old world, and also in Brazil and in the West Indies.

B trioicum C, DC. Prodr. 16* (1869) 363, emend.

Foliis modice petiolatis, ellipticis, basi utrinque aequilonga acutis, a
nervo centrali inaequilatis, apice acute acuminatis, utrinque glabris,
?-plinerviis nervo centrali nervos adscendentes utrinque 2 alternatim
mittente quorum supremus fere a 2 cm supra basin solutus, nervo
laterali tenui aliis multo breviore utrinque a basi soluto; petiolo glabro
fere usque ad medium vaginante, pedunculo glabro petiolum aequante,
spica submatura quam folii limbus fere dimidio breviore, rhachi hirsuta,
bractea longe adnata glabra oblongo-obovata basi obtusa apice rotundata
et florem semiamplectente, flore hermaphrodito; staminibus 2, antheris
ovatis 4-valyatis vel incompletis, ovario libero glabro, stigmatibus 4
lanceolatis, bacca submatura globosa.

Trioicum, scandens, Ramuli glabri in sicco nigri, spiciferi 1.5 mm
crassi, collenchyma libriforme in fasciculos discretos tenues a latere
productos dispositum, fasciculi intramedullares 1-seriati, canales lysigenes
plures quorum unus centralis alii peripherici. Limbi in sicco rigido-
membranacei, opaci inconspicue et minute pellucido-punctulati, usque
ad 11 cm longi et 5 cm lati. Petioli 1 cm longi. Spica 6 cm longa.
Bractea fere 3 mm longa et apice 1.5 mm lata. Filamenta oblonga,
antherae normales eis aequilatae ovatae et quadrivalvatae. Bacca in
sicco nigra.

Luzon, Province of Cavite, Mendez Nuiiez, Bur. Sci. 1339 Mangubat, August.

79. Piper pilispicum C. DC. sp. nov.

Foliis breviter petiolatis, oblongo-ovatis, basi aequilatera obtusis, apice
acute acuminatis, utrinque glabris, 7-plinerviis nervo centrali a 2—3 mm
supra basin trifido, nervis lateralibus adscendentibus utrinque 2 a basi
solutis quorum extremi tenuissimi; petiolo glabro basi vaginante ; stirpis
fem. pedunculo glabro quam petiolus triplo longiore, spica matura limbo
breviore, rhachi dense hirsuta, bractea longe adnata glabra oblonga
utrinque rotundata ovario libero glabro stigmatibus 4 ovato-acutis, bacca
ovata apice attenuato-subacuta.

' Dioicum. Ramuli glabri teretes, in sicco fuscescentes, spiciferi 2 mm
erassi; collenchyma libriforme, in fasciculos discretos tenues dispositum,
fasciculi intramedullares 1-seriati, canalis lysigenis unicus centralis.

A REVISION OF PHILIPPINE PIPERACEAE. 453

Limbi in sicco rigidi crebre pellucido-punctulati usque ad 12.5 em longi
et ad 47 mm lati. Petioli6 mm longi. Pedunculi usque ad 20 mm longi
et 0.5 mm crassi. Spicae 7.5 cm longae. Bractea 2.5 mm longa et 1.5
mm lata. Bacca 4 mm longa et usque ad 3 mm crassa, in sicco atrorubens.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Bur. Sci. 5720 Ramos, December.
Forma b.
Limbis in sicco magis membranaceis.

G4

Luzon, Province of Ilocos Norte, Mount Piao, For. Bur. 12484 Merritt & Darl-
ing, November. ;

80. Piper davaoense C. DC. in Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1905) 154, emend.

Foliis breviter petiolatis, ovatis basi ima leviter inaequilatera acutis
apice acute acuminatis utrinque glabris, 7-plinerviis nervo centrali nervum
adscendentem altero latere a 3-4 mm supra basin mittente, aliis nervis
a basi solutis quorum ultimi caeteris tenuioribus et brevioribus; petiolo
basi ima vaginante; stirpis fem. pedunculo glabro petiolum spicaque
folium pluries superantibus; rhachi pilosa, bractea longe adnata, glabra,
oblonga apice obtusa basi attenuata; bacca libera submatura ovata,
stigmatibus 3 ovatis apice acutis.

Dioicum, scandens. Ramuli glabri in sicco pallide virescentes, spiciferi
1 mm crassi, collenchyma libriforme in fasciculos discretos a latere
elongatos dispositum, fasciculi intramedullares 1-seriati, canales lysigenes
peripherici nulli. Limbi in sicco membranacei crebre et conspicue
pellucido-punctulati, usque ad 9 cm longi et ad 47 mm lati. Petioli 5
mm longi. Foliorum inferiorum limbi 7-nervii et basi aequilateri.
Pedunculi 4.5 cm longi, spicae usque ad 30 cm longae. Bractea 5 mm
longa, apice 1 mm lata.

Mindanao, District of Davao, Mount Dagatpan, in mixed forests, Warburg
14740; Taumo, Warburg 14745; Barakatan Creek, in dry woods, altitude about
540 m, scandent on small trees and forming loose hanging bunches, the inflorescence
hanging in a twining and curving manner, Elmer 11065, locally known as manika-
tapoe (Bagobo).

81. Piper pulogense C. DC. sp. nov.

Foliis modice petiolatis, ovato-ellipticis, basi ima levissime inaequi-
latera subacutis apice acute et sat longe acuminatis, utrinque glabris,
5-nerviis; petiolo glabro ultra medium vaginante ; stirpis fem. pedunculo
glabro petiolum fere duplo superante, spica folii limbum paullo superante,
rhachi glabra, bractea obovato-elliptica lata, rhachi late adnata, ovario
libero ovato glabro, stigmatibus 3 vel 4 rotundatis, bacca oblonga basi
brevissime stipitata.

Dioicum, scandens. Ramuli glabri in sicco fusco-nigri, spiciferi 2 mm
crassi, collenchyma libriforme in fasciculos discretos dispositum, fasciculi
intramedullares 1-seriati, canalis lysigenis unicus centralis. Limbi in
sicco membranacei minute pellucido-punctulati, usque ad 8.5 longi et ad

g “oe, 2 ee |

ee ae a ee ee

ee ee Pee Se ee a Pe eee eS

454 DE CANDOLLE.

4.5 cm lati. Petioli 1.5 cm, pedunculi 3cm longi. Bractea membranacea
3 mm longa 2 mm lata. Stigmata in apice ovarii sessilia. Bacca 4.5
mm longa, 3 mm crassa, ejus stipes 0.5 mm crassus.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Mount Pulog, For. Bur. 16240 Ourran, Merritt, &
Zschokke, January.

82. Piper apoanum C. DC. in Elm. Leafl. Philip. Bot. 3 (1910) 781.
MINDANAO, District of Davao, Todaya (Mount Apo), Elmer 11174.

83. Piper negrosense C, DC. 1. c. 782.

Foliis breviter petiolatis, anguste ovato-oblongis, basi levissime in-
aequilatera obtusis, superne longe attenuatis et summo apice obtusius-
culis, utrinque glabris vel subtus ad nervum centralem parcissime
hirtellis, 5-plinerviis, nervo centrali nervos 2 adscendentes opposite vel
subopposite mittente quorum supremus a 5-8 mm supra basin solutus,
nervo laterali adscendente utrinque a basi soluto; petiolo dense hirtello
basi ima vaginante; stirpis masc. pedunculo hirtello petiolum fere triplo
superante; spica florente quam folii limbus pluries breviore, cylindrica
apice attenuata, rhachi dense hirsuta, bracteae pelta rotunda carnosa
margine ciliolata, centro pedicellata pedicello hirsuto, staminibus 2
antheris rotundatis quam filamenta multo brevioribus; stirpis fem.
pedunculo petiolum fere duplo superante, spica matura quam folii limbus
pluries breviore, rhachi hirsuta, bractea ut in mare sed paullo minore,
ovario libero glabro, stigmatibus 4 ovato-acutis, bacca ovato-globosa
stipitem suum superante.

Dioicum, scandens. Ramuli teretes laeves, juniores puberuli cito
glabri, spiciferi 1 mm crassi, collenchyma libriforme in fasciculos dis-
cretos tenues dispositum, fasciculi intramedullares 1-seriati, canalis
lysigenis unicus centralis. Limbi in sicco membranacei minute pellucido-
punctulati, usque ad 11 cm longi et ad 18 mm lati, inferi ovato-acuminati
basi aequilatera cordati usque ad 7 cm longi et ad 37 mm lati. Petioli
superi usque ad limbi latus longius 5 mm, inter limbi latera vix 1 mm
longi. Pedunculi in mare 20 mm, in femina 12 mm longi. Spica
masc. 20 mm longa, 2 mm crassa, fem. circiter 15 mm longa. Bracteae
pelta in mare 1.5 mm, in fem. 1 mm diametro. Bacca 5 mm longa 4
mm. crassa.

Necros, Dumaguete, Cuernos Mountains, Hlmer 9482, masc., March. POoLt.1o,

eastern base of Mount Malulud, altitude about 50 m, fruit dull-red, Bur. Sei.
9213 Robinson, fem., August.

84. Piper densibaccum G. DC. sp. nov. —

Foliis breviter petiolatis, oblongis, basi aequilatera obtusis acutisve,
apice sat longe acuminatis, acumine obtuso; petiolo excepto puberulo
utrinque glabris, 5-plinerviis nervo centrali ab 1-1.5 cm supra basin
trifido, nervo laterali utrinque a basi soluto; petiolo basi vaginante;
pedunculo glabro petiolum multo superante; stirpis fem. spica quam

‘ol eee he

A REVISION OF PHILIPPINE PIPERACEAE. 455

limbi dimidium paullo breviore dense baccifera, rhachi hirsuta, bracteae
pelta rotunda glabra pedicello brevi crasso et hirsuto, ovario libero ovato-
oblongo, stigmatibus 4 vel 5, ovato-acutis, bacca subglobosa stipitem
suum paullo superante.

Dioicum, scandens. Ramuli glabri, spiciferi 1 mm crassi, collenchyma
libriforme continuum zonam tenuissimam formans, fasciculi intramedul-
lares 1-seriati, canalis lysigenis centralis canalesque peripherici. Limbi
in sicco firmo-membranacei minute et inconspicue pellucido-punctulati,
10.5 em longi, 3.5-4 em lati. Petioli usque ad 7 mm longi. Stigmata
sessilia. Bacca 3 mm longa in sicco nigra.

Mrnpanao, Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley, Mrs. Clemens s. n., March.

85. Piper dipterocarpinum C. DC. sp. nov.

Foliis breviter petiolatis, elliptico-lanceolatis, inferne attenuatis et
basi aequilatera acutis, apice longe et acute acuminatis, utrinque glabris,
5-plinerviis, nervo centrali fere a 8 mm supra basin trifido, nervo laterali
adscendente utrinque a basi soluto; petiolo basi ima vaginante pedun-
culoque eum multo superante tenuibus et glabris; stirpis fem. spica
quam folii limbus pluries breviore, rhachi dense hirsuta, bracteae glabrae
pelta rotunda centro subsessili, ovario libero glabro, stigmatibus 4 vel 5
linearibus acutis, bacca immatura elliptica stipitem suum aequante,

Dioicum, scandens. Ramuli glabri, spiciferi 1.5 cm crassi, collenchyma
libriforme zonam tenuem formans, fasciculi intramedullares 1-seriati,
canalis lysigenis centralis, canales peripherici rari. Limbi in sicco
membranacei minute pellucido-punctulati, superi usque ad 12 cm longi
et 3.5 cm lati, inferi ovati basi et apice ut superi usque ad 16 cm longi
et 7.5 cm lati. Petioli 5 mm, pedunculi 12 mm longi. Spicae 3 cm
longae. Bracteae pelta 0.75 mm diametro.

MINDANAO, District of Zamboanga, near Port Banga, For. Bur. 9146 Whitford,
January, in dipterocarp forests, altitude about 20 m.

86. Piper dagatpanum C., DC. in Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1905) 154, emend.

Foliis modice petiolatis, ovatis vel oblongo-ovatis, basi leviter in-
aequilatera rotundatis vel subrotundatis, apice modice et acute acuminatis,
utrinque glabris, 9-ninerviis, nervo centrali nervos adscendentes utrinque
2 mittente quorum supremus fere a 2 cm supra basin solutus, nervis
lateralibus 2 utrinque a basi solutis; petiolo glabro fere usque ad medium
vaginante; stirpis fem. pedunculo glabro petiolum sat superante, spica
quam folii limbus dimidio breviore, rhachi hirsuta, bractea glabra
rotundato-obovata late sessili, ovario libero glabro, stigmatibus 4 line-
aribus, bacca subglobosa stipitem suum paullo superante.

Dioicum, scandens. Ramuli inferi sat longe pilosi, superi glabri,
laeves, cylindrici, spiciferi 1.5 mm crassi, collenchyma continuum, sparsim
et parce libriforme, fasciculi intramedullares 1-seriati, canales lysigenes
plures quorum unus centralis alii peripherici. Limbi in sicco mem-

~— £2 eS. ee ”|h[hCUhme

——

456 DE CANDOLLE.

branacei crebre pellucido-punctulati, ovati, usque ad 13 cm longi et ad
7.5 em lati, vel oblongo-ovati usque ad 11.5 cm longi et 5 em lati. Petioli
10-15 mm longi. Pedunculi in sicco tenuissimi, 25 mm longi. Bractea
in sicco membranacea 1mm paullulo longior et superne 1 mm lata.
Bacca fere 4 mm longa.

MINDANAO, District of Davao, Mount Dagatpan, Warburg 14739; Sibulan River,
Warburg 14738.

87. Piper paucinerve C, DC. in Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1905) 156, emend.

Foliis modice petiolatis, elliptico-lanceolatis inferne attenuatis et basi
aequilatera acutis apice longe et acute acuminatis, 5-plinerviis, nervo
centrali fere a 1 cm supra basin trifido, nervo laterali adscendente
utrinque a basi soluto; petiolo basi ima vaginante pedunculoque eum
paullo superante glabris; stirpis fem. spica quam folii limbus triplo
breviore, rhachi dense hirtella, bracteae glabrae pelta transverse elliptica
fere centro brevissime pedicellata, ovario elliptico minutissime puberulo
stigmatibus 4 ovzto-acutis, bacca glabra globoso-elliptica stipitem suum
superante.

~Dioicum. Ramuli glabri, spiciferi 1 mm crassi, laeves in sicco fusces-
centes, vetustiores albicantes et rugosi, zona peridermatis subepidermidalis
sat crassa, collenchyma libriforme in fasciculos tenues a latere elongatos
dispositum, fasciculi intramedullares 1-seriati, canalis lysigenis unicus
centralis, cellulae sclerosae interfasciculares cum phloemate fasciculorum
periphericorum continuae. Limbi in siceo membranacei parce pellucido-
punctulati, 9-10.5 em longi, 3-3.5 em lati. Petioli circiter 12 mm longi.
Bacca fere 4 mm longa.

Luzon, Province of Isabela, Malunu, Warburg 11929.

88. Piper tenuirameum C. DC. in Perkins Frag. Fl. Philip. (1905) 159,
emend.

Foliis breviter petiolatis, ovato-oblongis, basi aequilatera cordatis,
apice longe et obtusiuscule acuminatis, utrinque nervo centrali excepto
supra puberulo glabris, 5-plinerviis nervo centrali a 5 mm supra basin
trifido, nervo laterali utrinque a basi soluto; petiolo hirtello fere usque
ad medium vaginante; stirpis fem. pedunculo hirtello petiolum duplo
superante, spica matura quam folii limbus pluries breviore, rhachi
hirsuta, bracteae pelta rotunda margine ciliata pedicello hirsuto clavi-
formi, ovario libero ovato glabro, stigmatibus 3 vel 4 ovato-oblongis
apice acutis, bacca ovato-globosa stipitem suum paullo superante.

_Dioicum, scandens. Ramuli juniores puberuli, spiciferi 1.5 mm
crassi, collenchyma subcontinuum zona interna interrupte lbriforme,
fasciculi intramedullares 1-seriati, canalis lysigenis unicus centralis.
Limbi in siceco membranacei minute pellucido-punctulati, usque ad 12
em longi et ad 4 cm lati. Petioli fere 1 cm longi. Spica baccifera fere

es en ee Oe eRe yee eee | eee Se

A REVISION OF PHILIPPINE PIPERACEAE. 457

2cm longa. Bracteae pelta 1 mm diametro. Bacca 5 mm longa glabra.
Planta in sicco aromatica.

Luzon, Province of Rizal, Binangonan, Warburg 13317.

89. Piper marivelesanum C. DC. in Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1905) 155, emend.

Foliis modice petiolatis, oblongo-ovatis, superis basi subaequilatera
cordulatis obtusisve, apice sat longe acuminatis, junioribus supra ad
nervum centralem subtus ad nervos omnes vel ubique parce hirtellis, dein
glabris, 5—7-plinerviis, nervo centrali nervos 2 adscendentes subopposite
mittente quorum supremus a 1 cm supra basin solutus, nervis lateralibus
adscendentibus utrinque 1 vel 2 a basi solutis; petiolo basi ima vaginante
pedunculoque eum multo superante subdense hirtellis, spica quam folii
limbus pluries breviore, bracteae pelta glabra rotunda centro pedicellata
pedicello rhachique hirsutis; ovario glabro libero stigmatibus 4 linearibus,
bacca matura globosa glabra, stipitem suum glabrum paullo superante.

Dioicum, scandens. Ramuli juniores hirtelli, spiciferi vix 2 mm
erassi, collenchyma subcontinuum zona interna libriforme, fasciculi intra-
medullares 1-seriati, canalis lysigenis unicus centralis. Limbi in sicco
membranacei crebre et minute pellucido-punctulati, superi usque ad 11.5
em longi et 4 cm lati. Petioli usque ad 8 mm, pedunculi usque ad 20
mm longi. Spicae usque ad 4 em longae. Bracteae pelta circiter 0.75
mm diametro. Bacca usque ad 4 mm longa.

Luzon, Province of Bataan, Mariveles, Warburg 13640; Lamao River, Mount
Mariveles, Merrill 3727, 3786, altitude 600 to 1,000 m, For. Bur, 2507 Meyer, For.
Bur. 1756 Borden, Williams 369, 370, Whitford 1060, For. Bur. 165 Barnes:
Dinalupijan, Merrill 1579: Province of Benguet, Sablan, Elmer 6161: Province of
Rizal, Bosoboso, Bur. Sci. 1115 Ramos: Province of Tayabas, Lucban, Elmer 9330:
Province of Camarines, Maagnas, Bur. Sci. 6327 Robinson. MINpoRo, Bongabong
River, For. Bur. 3668 Merritt. M1npANAo, District of Davao, Davao, Copeland
501.

90. Piper basilanum C. DC. sp. nov.

Foliis breviter petiolatis, ovatis, basi aequilatera rotundatis, apice
obtusiuscule et sat longe attenuatis, supra in nervo centrali basi parce
hirtellis subtus ubique hirsutis, 5-plinerviis, nervo centrali a 5-8 mm
supra basin trifido, nervo laterali adscendente utrinque a basi soluto;
petiolo hirtello basi ima vaginante ; stirpis fem. pedunculo glabro petiolum
multo superante, spica quam folii limbus triplo breviore, rhachi hirsuta,
bracteae pelta glabra rotunda pedicello hirsuto brevi et crasso, ovario
libero ovato glabro, stigmatibus 3 ovatis brevibus, bacca submatura
stipitem suum superante. ,

Dioicum, scandens. Ramuli glabri, spiciferi fere 1.5 mm crassi, col-
lenchyma continuum haud libriforme, fasciculi intramedullares 1-seriati,
canalis lysigenis centralis et canales peripherici. Limbi in sicco mem-
branacei sparsim pellucido-punctulati, superi usque ad 10.5 cm longi et

— eee ee Se ee

458 DE CANDOLLE.

ad 52 mm lati, inferi basi haud profunde cordati. Petioli superi fere
5 mm, inferi 15 mm longi. Pedunculi 20 mm longi. Bracteae pelta
0.75 mm diametro.

BASILAN, Hallier, January.

91. Piper Hallieri C, DC. sp. nov.

Foliis modice petiolatis, elliptico-lanceolatis, basi aequilatera acutis,
apice acute acuminatis, supra praesertim ad nervos et parce subtus ubique
et sat dense breviter hirsutis, 7-plinerviis nervo centrali fere a 1 cm supra
basin trifido, nervis lateralibus adscendentibus utrinque 2 a basi solutis
quorum externi aliis tenuiores; petiolo breviter hirsuto fere usque ad
medium vaginante; stirpis fem. pedunculo parce et breviter hirsuto
petiolum adultum paullo superante, spica matura limbi dimidium sub-
aequante, rhachi hirsuta, bracteae pelta glabra rotunda pedicello crasso
sat longe et dense hirsuto, stigmatibus 4 linearibus, bacca libera glabra
obovato-globosa stipitem suum aequante.

Dioicum. Ramuli breviter et haud dense hirsuti, spiciferi 1 mm
crassi, collenchyma continuum zona interna interrupte libriforme, fas-
ciculi intramedullares 1-seriati, canalis lysigenis centralis, canalesque
peripherici plures. Limbi in sicco membranacei parce pellucido-punc-
tulati, fere usque ad 13.5 cm longi et 6 cm lati. Petioli usque ad 20 mm,
pedunculi ad 25 mm longi. Bracteae pelta 1 mm diametro. Bacca 3
mm longa.

BASILAN, Hallier, January.

92. Piper caninum A. Dietr. Sp. Pl. 1 (1831) 681; Miq. Comm. Phyt. (1839)
17, 33, tab. 3; C, DC. Prodr. 16* (1869) 341, emend.

Foliis breviter petiolatis, ovato-oblongis basi aequilatera attenuatis et
acutis, apice acute acuminatis, supra glabris subtus sat dense pilosis 5-
plinerviis, nervo centrali nervos adscendentes 2 alternatim vel subopposite
mittente, quorum supremus a 1 cm supra basin solutus, nervo laterali
adscendente utrinque a basi soluto, petiolo dense piloso basi ima
vaginante; stirpis masc. pedunculo puberulo petiolum fere aequante,
spica quam folii limbus pluries breviore, filiformi, rhachi hirsuta, bractea
pelta rotunda pedicellata margine pedicelloque hirsutis, staminibus 2,
filamentis emergentibus antheris globosis; stirpis fem. pedunculo petiolum
fere aequante et hirtello, rhachi et bractea ut in mare, ovario libero
glabro, stigmatibus 3 rarius 4 ovato-acutis, bacca ovato-globosa apice
obtuse rostellata.

Pioicum, scandens. Ramuli juniores in mare breviter hirtelli in
femina sat dense pilosi, spiciferi in mare 0.5 mm, in femina fere 1 mm
erassi, collenchyma in fasciculos discretos dispositum zona interna vel
totum libriforme, fasciculi intramedullares 1-seriati, canalis lysigenis
centralis et in femina canales peripherici 3. Limbi in sicco membranacei
pellucido-punctulati, usque ad 11 cm longi et ad 4 cm lati. Petioli

A REVISION OF PHILIPPINE PIPERACEAE. 459

usque ad 10 mm longi. Spicae masce. circiter 2 cm, fem. circiter 4.5 em
longae. Bractea pelta 0.5 mm diametro. Bacca in vivo 8 mm longae
6—7 mm latae, in sicco 5 mm longae, 3—4 mm latae.

Spontaneous and cultivated in the Malayan Peninsula and Archipelago.

Var. glabribracteum C. DC. var. noy.

Ramulis glabris, limbis ovato-lanceolatis basi aequilatera acutis apice
longe et acute acuminatis 5-plinerviis, supra glabris subtus pilosis, 11.5
cm longis, 5.5 cm latis, pedunculo glabro petiolum paullo superante,
bractea glabra obovato-rotunda, bacca in sicco 2.5 mm longa.

Minpanao, Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley, Mrs. Clemens 176, February.

Var. sablanum C. DC. var. nov.

Ramulis glabris, limbis ovatis basi aequilatera rotundatis apice longi-
uscule et acute acuminatis, supra glabris subtus haud dense pilosis,
7-plinerviis, circiter 12 cm longis et usque ad 7 cm latis, bractea glabra
transverse elliptica, bacca in sicco 7 mm longa, 5 mm crassa.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Sablan, Elmer 6150, April.

Var. latibracteum C. DC. var. nov.

Ramulis dense villosis, late ovatis basi aequilatera rotundatis apice
longe et acute acuminatis, supra parce subtus densius pilosis, 7-plinerviis,
8.5 cm longis 5 em latis, bracteae glabrae pelta rotunda 1.5 mm diametro.

Luzon, Province of Tayabas, Lucban, Elmer 7627, 7990, rare, 750 to 3,500 feet:
Province of Benguet, Baguio, Elmer 8844.

Var. lanaoense C. DC. var. nov.

Ramulis haud dense vilosis, limbis elliptico-ovatis basi leviter in-
aequilatera altero latere rotundatis altero subacutis, apice acute acu-
minatis, supra parce subtus sat dense hirsutis, 7-plinerviis, usque ad
12 cm longis et ad 5 em latis; bracteae glabrae pelta obovato-rotunda
centro subsessili, 0.75 mm longa.

MINDANAO, Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley, Mrs. Clemens s. n., September,

93. Piper acutibaccum ©. DC. sp. nov.

Foliis modice petiolatis, anguste elliptico-lanceolatis basi aequilatera
cuneatis apice longe et acute acuminatis, supra glabris subtus ad nervum
centralem parce pilosis, 5-plinerviis, nervo centrali nervos 2 adscendentes
alternatim mittente quorum superus a 7 mm supra basin solutus, vel
5-nerviis nervis 3 centralibus inferne approximatis; petiolo piloso paullo
ultra basin vaginante ; stirpis fem. pedunculo glabro petiolum fere duplo
superante; spica quam folii limbus breviore, rhachi hirsuta, bracteae
glabrae pelta rotunda centro pedicellata, stigmatibus 3 linearibus brev-
ibus; bacca glabra submatura fusiformi apice attenuato-acuta.

Dioicum, scandens. Ramuli pilosi, spiciferi 1 mm crassi, collenchyma
continuum haud libriforme, fasciculi intramedullares 1-seriati, canalis

ele

Soe ae! le

460 DE CANDOLLE.

lysigenis unicus centralis. Limbi in sicco membranacei pellucido-
punctulati, 10.5 cm longi, 3 cm lati. Petioli 7 mm, pedunculi 12 mm
longi 1.5 mm crassi. Spica 7 cm longa, rhachis 1.5 mm crassa. Bracteae
pelta 1.5 mm diametro. Bacca 6 mm longa, 3 mm crassa, ejus stipes
3 mm longus.

Luzon, Province of Laguna, Dahican, Bur. Sci. 10031 Ramos, July, on large
trees in forests.

94, Piper Merrittii C. DC. sp. nov.

Foliis modice petiolatis, ovatis, basi leviter inaequilatera cordatis apice
acute acuminatis, utrinque et subtus densius villosis, 7-plinerviis, nervo-
centrali nervos adscendentes 2 alternatim vel opposite mittente quorum
supremus 1 cm supra basin solutus, nervis lateralibus adscendentibus
utrinque 2 a basi solutis; petiolo dense villoso basi ima vaginante ; stirpis
fem. pedunculo villoso petiolum aequante vel paullo superante; spica
limbi dimidium fere aequante, rhachi hirsuta, bractea glabra rotunda
centro breviter pedicellata, ovario libero ovato glabro, stigmatibus 4 ovato-
acuminatis apice subulatis ; bacca globosa stipitem suum paullo superante.

Dioicum, scandens. Ramuli villosi, spiciferi 1.75 mm crassi, collen-
chyma libriforme in fasciculos a latere elongatos dispositum, fasciculi
intramedullares 1-seriati, canalis lysigenis centralis aliique peripherici.
Limbi in sicco membranacei minute pellucido-punctulati, superi fere
10.5 cm longi, 47 mm lati. Petioli 15 mm longi. Spicae fere usque ad
6 cm longae. Bracteae pelta sub 1 mm diametro. Bacca 3 mm diametro.

Minvoro, Balete, in forests, altitude about 30 m, For, Bur, 6138 Merritt,
January.

Forma b.

Limbis basi leviter inaequilatera profundius cordatis, usque ad 7.5 cm
latis, spicis brevioribus, bacca matura globoso-elliptica.

MrnpdAnao, District of Davao, Todaya (Mount Calelan), Elmer 10581, in most
dense woods at 1,200 m altitude.

95. Piper tenuipedunculum ©. DC. sp. nov.

Foliis modice petiolatis, ovatis basi aequilatera cordatis, apice acute
et sat longe attenuato-acuminatis, basi supra ad nervos hirtellis subtus
sat dense hirsutis, 9-ninerviis, nervo centrali nervos 2 adscendentes
mittente quorum supremus a 1.5 cm supra basin solutus, nervis lateralibus
utrinque 3 a basi solutis quorum externi tenuiores et minus adscendentes ;
petiolo dense hirsuto basi ima vaginante; stirpis fem. pedunculo tenui
glabro petiolum multo superante, spica limbi dimidium subaequante,
rhachi tenui hirsuta; bractea obovata glabra centro sessili, ovario libero
ovato glabro, stigmatibus 3 vel 4 linearibus apice acutis, bacca submatura
elliptica apice rotundata stipitem suum aequante.

Dioicum, scandens. Ramuli villosi, spiciferi 2 mm crassi, collenchyma

~.s 7 oe ST ee aa eee ee ee ae 403 ene

A REVISION OF PHILIPPINE PIPERACEAE. 461

in fasciculos discretos dispositum et haud libriforme, fasciculi intra-
medullares 1-seriati, canalis lysigenis centralis, canales peripherici pauci,
cellulae sclerosae interfasciculares cum phloemate fasciculorum_peri-
phericorum continuae. Limbi in sicco membranacei inconspicue pel-
lucido-punctulati, 12 cm longi, 6 cm lati. Petioli 2 em, pedunculi usque
ad 5.5 em longi et 0.5 mm crassi.

MINDANAO, District of Zamboanga, Sax River, Williams 2343 p. p., February.

96. Piper malalaganum C. DC. sp. nov.

Foliis modice petiolatis, oblongo-ovatis basi subaequilatera acutis apice
acute acuminatis supra glabris subtus dense et breviter hirsutis, pen-
ninerviis nervo centrali usque ad 2 cm supra basin nervos adscendentes
utrinque 4 opposite mittente; petiolo breviter hirsuto fere usque ad
medium vaginante; stirpis fem. pedunculo tenui parce piloso petiolum
paullo superante, spica matura folii limbum subaequante, rhachi hirsuta,
bracteae glabrae pelta rotunda centro sessili; ovario libero ovato glabro,
stigmatibus 4 e basi subovata acuminatis, bacca submatura elliptica
stipitem suum superante.

Dioicum, scandens. Ramuli dense et breviter hirsuti, costulati,
spiciferi 1 mm crassi, collenchyma in fasciculos a latere valde elongatos
dispositum et libriforme, fasciculi intramedullares 1-seriati, canales
lysigenes plures quorum unus centralis alii peripherici. Limbi in sicco
membranacei, pellucido-punctulati, usque ad 12 cm longi et 52 mm lati.
Petioli usque ad 2 cm., pedunculi usque ad 2.5 cm longi et vix 1 mm
erassi. Spicae submaturae fere 12 cm longae.

Mindanao, District of Davao, Malalag, Copeland 696, March.

97. Piper villilimbum C. DC, in Elm. Leafl. Philip. Bot. 3 (1910) 784.

Foliis modice petiolatis, ovato-ellipticis, basi leviter inaequilatera altero
latere obtusis altero acutis, apice acute acuminatis, utrinque villosis,
penninerviis, nervo centrali in mare a 1 em supra basin trifido nervosque
adscendentes utrinque 2 paullo supra basin mittente, in femina nervos
adscendentes utrinque 3 mittente quorum supremus fere a 3 em supra
basin solutus; petiolo villoso basi ima vaginante; maris pedunculo
tenuissimo villoso quam petiolus paullo breviore, spica juvenili quam
folii limbus pluries breviore, bracteae glabrae pelta orbiculari- centro
pedicellata; feminae pedunculo tenuissimo, villoso, petiolum paullo
superante, spica folii limbum subaequante vel paullo superante, rhachi
dense hirtella, bracteae glabrae pelta parva, rotunda centro subsessili,
ovario libero glabro, stigmatibus 3 ovato-acuminatis brevibus, bacca
matura subglobosa stipitem suum superante.

Dioicum, scandens. Ramuli dense villosi, spiciferi 1 mm crassi, pili
usque ad 2 mm longi, collenchyma libriforme continuum, fasciculi
intramedullares 1-seriati, canales lysigenes plures quorum unus centralis,

Stee

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« 7
4
‘
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462 DE CANDOLLE.

alii peripherici. Limbi in sicco membranacei crebre pellucido-punctulati,
superi usque ad 14 em longi et 4.5 cm lati. Petioli usque ad limbi latus
longius 10 mm, inter limbi latera 1 mm longi. Limbi foliorum in-
feriorum minores, 4—6 cm longi ovato-lanceolati basi aequilatera cordulati,
7-plinervii. Spicae fem. 10 cm longae rhachis 1 mm crassa. Bracteae
pelta 0.75 mm diametro, Bacca 4 mm longa.

Minporo, Baco River, Merrill 1783, mase., April. PoLiLo, in ravines in hills,
altitude about 100 m, scandent, fruit becoming brownish, Bur. Sci. 6853 Robinson,
fem., August. Luzon, Province of Tayabas, in forests, Hlmer 7382, 7624, May, a
lax and finely branched scandent shrub, the older stems rather wiry and thin;

leaves soft, paler beneath; inflorescence pendulous, deep-red when mature (Elmer).
Mrinvanao, District of Zamboanga, Sax River, Williams 2343 p. p., February.

SPECIES INCERTAE SEDIS, VERISIMILLIME SECTIONIS EUPIPER.

98. Piper Haenkeanum Opiz in Reliq. Haenk. 1 (1828) 150.

Piper hirsutissimum Miq. Syst. Pip. (1843) 336.

Ramis teretibus hirsutis, nodis radicantibus, petiolis hirsutis, foliis
inferioribus exacte cordatis, superioribus cordato-ovatis oblongis lanceo-
latisque, %-plinerviis, utrinque hirsutis, spicis filiformibus folia aequan-
tibus (ex Opiz 1. ec. et quoad nervationem ex specimine herbarii
Haenkeani).

Luzon, Province of Sorsogon, near Sorsogon, Haenke, fide Opiz 1. c.

99. Piper rufinerve Opiz Il. c. 159.

Ramis teretibus glabris, nodis radicantibus, petiolis glabris, usque ad 3
longitudinis vaginantibus, foliis rotundato-ovatis subcordatisve, basi
aequilateris apice acute acuminatis, 7.5 cm longis, 6 em latis, 5-nerviis
(ex Opiz |. c. et ex specimine herbarii Haenkeani).

Luzon, Haenke, fide Opiz 1. e¢.

100. Piper lividum C. DC. in Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1905) 155.
Luzon, Province of Isabela, Malunu, Warburg 11930, sterile specimen.

101. Piper taumanum C. DC. 1. ¢. 159.
MINDANAO, District of Davao, Warburg 14741, sterile specimen.

Sectio Mutprera Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 5 (1886) 79.
§ Schizonephros C, DC. Prodr. 16' (1869) 241, emend.

Spicae solitariae, oppositifoliae. Flores dioici. Bracteae cum rhachi
concretae, tantum basi et apice ab ea liberae et in cupulam florem
includentem inter se connatae. Floris masculi stamina plura, usque ad
10. Floris feminei ovarium liberum.

102. Piper baccatum BI. in Verh. Bat. Genoots. 11 (1826) 172, tab. 3.
Mrnpdanao, Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley, Mrs. Clemens s. n., September, October,

7

ee ee ee oP ba ahs a RT MEDTERE Torin ee

ere A REVISION OF PHILIPPINE PIPERACEAE. 463

Sectio Heckerta Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 5 (1886) 95.
§ Potomorphe C. DC. Prodr. 16' (1869) 331.

Spicae in apice ramuli axillaris subumbellatae vel axillares solitariae.
Bractea- libera. Flos hermaphroditus. Stamina 2 vel 3. Ovarium
liberum.

103. Piper umbellatum Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 43, var. subpeltatum C. DC. in
Donn.-Sm. En, 6:39.
Piper subpeltatum Willd. Sp. Pl. 1 (1798) 166; C. DC. Prodr. 16" (1869) 333.

Frutex 1 ad 2 m altus.

Luzon, Province of Laguna, Cuming 441; Lazaan, Bur. Sci. 6030 Robinson; Los
Baiios, Bur. Sci. 6723 Robinson: Province of Bataan, Lamao River, Williams 334:
Province of Tayabas, Mauban, For. Bur. 9578 Curran: Province of Rizal, Bosoboso,
For. Bur, 3315 Ahern’s collector, Bur. Sci. 1018 Ramos. Mtnvoro, For. Bur. 8678
Merritt. MinpANnao, District of Zamboanga, Sax River, Williams 2144: District
of Davao, Catalonan, Copeland 930, 1252: Lake Lanao, Gamp Keithley, Mrs.
Clemens 621. Joto, Mount Dajo, Merrill 5330.

Var. glabrum, forma b C. DC. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 6 (1898) 494.
Luzon, Province of Ilocos Norte, Bangui, Bur, Sci. 7711 Ramos. MtInpANAo,
District of Davao, Todaya (Mount Apo), Elmer 10862.

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145

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JUST ISSUED.

Order No, 412,

THE SUGAR INDUSTRY IN THE ISLAND OF NEGROS

By HERBERT S. WALKER.
pages, 10 photographic plates, and 1 map.
Price $1.25, United States currency, postpaid.

CONTENTS. . -

Geographical 1o@m tien ance coe~.o0t ona-or-ocadge MMM eatadsesecs ono:

Size, shape, and area.... wen ds agin oases onke aero Oe oe sa
Movant hint on scccesicntrsseewesonceircvedonecacineva onasdig amen ot)
Riverd:? 22s tay ens hee __ Sepa SOR aes Sade ae
Climate ............ sais Serenriamistas satedsas :

The sugar belt........ ae Pi a a A

The east coast... fee ees k Gaus sk ade cernovesaveedoas
Other sugar-producing districts of Negros...............-cc0-ccscscessecceeteveceeseeeeees
History of sugar production in NegroS...............ccece--ceseceseeeses-ce+eceeecseecececeseee
Recent ‘atatieblos. <...............:assiisinsaieeaeaemnen EEC sa scan

Varieties of cane grown in Negros

Cane diseases and insect enemies............-..----. Ei 5 ROTO oe REE Soha ee las

Nationality of the planters

Native labor: Difficulties, past and present.............22...-:c000c00-c00--eseseeseseeneees
principal sugar-producing districts of Negros... 20.0.0. ...2.cec0cseeseee eee

IAS ct ceaanen es eis egegaiocties
BAGO crecesesieess-seinaneaynense doneetnes sci cts aman aa

Pontevedra-La.. Carlota. ..-.c.:c:5,ccee
Binalbagan-Isabela OSSD ween Lea aaa

Tlog-Cabancalan

Bae ORT IOR « ......-.-.2-- : (Sareea 3! ache

1 2S RED pe ES CS oe) nS ac er Ca

IRONED, OUI enna cea rnnnesisf gi eA NM I co masscaresesosaciphonion << casgase
WueMIntA Na. BOLUIG...........---2.accoee are ae ee te ee
REPRE BOREL oso. noery ccpcerencecsdokoset alint tein aE i Site ela saraetin

Demérara soils::................-...:

TAG III enn eonenas2sscuesiglage MRM iot as ons-n -s0icbuhcouasvcseatee nice yolk
DEGUTIEIOA 90T 1S... ssa nicesstd AE g Eile tatansoxenar~-snnceseia<redeaghcieiesevoueioe
Comparison of Negros soils with those of other countries.....0..0..............

Fertilization in Negros....:<scieee nities os

97605

7 [ovER.]

Order No, 412.

EID. SN PURO i on pcan cesen cde apn meen ccin reba tenenset ots
Average composition of the purple or native sugar cane in Negros..........
Other varieties of cane grown in Negros............--.:-ee-secesessneceeesnenenteecssennmenee
Ram 10h CES EARP RRM TOUTE snc deci pesnis rein cists coeen dente npiciennetetmescbeonistoonasep
SRG EIRTL NING sic saclh hd Rcieive Hien svnnssessrstanad pl ppnannad
BN ITN siccbceticgeec teed goer onemsnesoe maa berited soabinewe
ERPCIBING. © CANIC! 5c accnrokocag sans omen nocsnovs sescpapaccns be bstcionegr tubes 9 the RR op eM eadakesGuss send edbaetdn
PRR REECLEIAT SOMNEG - yoc6 cases chs sais suocakevhosascapeedeetpeethesrnfeopsteteogl
Negros as compared with other countries in respect to the quality of

SER: icticarsenahopbeplaphitivithascsidcietn vptinecerosencinirvats sockerie cans
Desirability of introducing other varieties of cane....
The cultivation of sugar cane and the production of sugar as carried on
at the present time in Negros
Preparation of the soil........
Preparation of the seed
Planting -.....-.-----------e--s---sescnseneeeeceneneenceneenennensensenmensesteeneas
Cultural operations after LL ne: oo LOE. eae
Cultivation of ratOom CRMCB Wn a. cics.. sc cccccs cece snce -ceseeadasememeseviionntnocssens socsen
Period of growth of the cane............
Cheah co ren CA We CRU anges cians nnn nna sidcsctscecnstesabinn Meeillea lata teeta sasoneonecesebas
Cutting the CAme...............c.c2..sssesscccsnseseescrcsnestensssnenesenassecesssbesesamiiaseoneesssuvecsens
Transporting the cane to the mill...
Cost of cutting the cane and transporting it to the mill.................--00-

Manufacture of sugar from the cane.........-.--------+--+
Extraction of the juice ss
Manufacture of sugar from the juice ocatecedchnedibihibiniied pigitainiouesenchejoente
Quality of the sugar produced in Negros........ sc pinie Selagicacmyalcaetenaieecenacissindie
Cost of manufacture ....
Transportation and sale of the SUgar...........-.-----------sceescssseeessseeeesenneennsenseeees

Estimate of average cost of same
Quantitative experiments to determine the weight of sugar produced
from a given weight Of Came...............--ceseeeececcesseteneees
Mill Control No. 1, hacienda San Jose -
Mill Control No. 2, hacienda San Jose...............-.+0+++
Calculation of the average cost of producing sugar in Negros by the
methods now employed
Cost for labor alone
Estimate of fixed charges for maintenance and depreciation of plant
and interest on the capital invested ssncacseccobalioehnedécatemieapeoeteretwesaants
Total cost of production

Possibilities for improvement Passes ‘ cebiinniamsonosi
Im @tltivation ............-ccce-cescsroreccrsercsersecenenensscecessee sonenese
In manufacture ............---+-.-+ssc--s-0
Advantages of a change to modern methods of manufacture..............--..-

The future Of Negros.........---.-.-s+-c-ccsceeeeeeeeesneeseeseneecces coseennesees

SUMMALY _ .......------c--n-ceeecene cee tenn enneceesenenneenanenaenecsnesne

Appendix
An investigation to discover if diseases of the sugar cane exist in

Negros

RNOGE otc.

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VoL. V DECEMBER, 1910 No. 6

PHILIPPINE URTICACEAE.

By C. B. Rosprnson.

(From the Botanical Section of the Biological Laboratory, Bureau of Science,
Manila, P. I.)

This work was originally undertaken with the purpose of ascertaining
the relation of the Philippine species of the family to those of other
countries yielding valuable products for textiles and cordage, but the
systematic problems proved so numerous that they have had to be entered
into at length. As a result, the number of species to be credited to the
Archipelago has had to be greatly increased, and additions have been
made to the list of genera. Whenever possible, the species have been
studied in the field as well as in the herbarium; this has been of great
assistance in the solution of many problems, and the more intensive collect-
ing thus made necessary has led to the discovery of many additional
species, while it seems to indicate that similar work in other parts of the
Islands will bring to light many more. An attempt has been made to
secure material in considerable quantity, to indicate the variations of the
species, at least in one locality. Near the conclusion of the work, I have
had the privilege of examining the entire collection of Urticaceae, obtained
by Mr. A. D. E. Elmer, on Mount Apo, Mindanao, which contains many
additions to the species of the family.

The generic difficulties are of two kinds, systematic and bibliographic.
The former are often great, reaching their extreme among Philippine
species between Boehmeria and those species of Pouzolzia having serrate
leaves. The separation between Pouzolzia and Gonostegia is made on

characters of much less importance than are used in any other case, but
99454 ; 465

466 ROBINSON.

at least two groups are marked out which are easily distinguished one
from the other: whereas the difference in general appearance between the
entire-leaved and serrate-leaved species of Pouzolzia is considerable apart
from this character, while the latter in habit can not be distinguished from
Boehmeria; in the most natural character, that of the styles, the interval
is very nearly bridged, even in our species.

Some workers upon Malayan Urticaceae have had great difficulty in
separating the three genera Procris, Elatostema, and Pellionia. For
their purposes and ours, the difficulty is real if merely the existing keys
are studied, that in the Genera Plantarum excepted, but disappears on
a study of the flowers and inflorescences of the plants themselves.
However, it does not seem possible to maintain the genus Elatostema with
the limits assigned to it by Weddell. He left it as a genus with
involucrate or exinvolucrate receptacles, and a pistillate perianth 3- to
5-merous. Among Malay-Philippine species, the difficulty is with a
group where the inflorescence on casual examination seems to form a
receptacle but is merely an exinvolucrate cyme in nearly all cases greatly
condensed. Weddelt included the species known to him in Hlatostema;
they caused Hallier to reduce both Procris and Pellionia to Elatostema;
Boerlage placed them in Pellionia. The last is the true alliance, but the
group is here held to be sufficiently distinct from that genus, to be
separated under the name Elatostematoides. To the writer, the only
question is whether it should be considered a genus or a very distinct sub-
genus under Pellionia. If Androsyce, made by Weddell a subgenus of
Hlatostema, were found within the Philippines, it would unhesitatingly be
treated as entitled to generic rank.

Another genus, Astrothalamus, is proposed for a species known from
the Mariannes, Philippines, and Borneo, which was placed by Weddell
and the writer previously in Maoutia, by both with doubt. The distin-
guishing characters lie in the pistillate inflorescence, which Weddell did
not see, and seem amply sufficient to maintain the new status assigned.

Several of the more serious bibliographic problems have arisen through
the adoption by Weddell of manuscript names, or maintenance by him
of insufficiently published names in preference to suitably published ones
of later date. ‘This is especially the case with names appended to plates
in Gaudichaud’s Botanique du voyage ....... . Bonite. Weddell?
states that the plates were issued between 1839 and 1846, but they were
not accompanied by generic or specific diagnoses, and the explanations
of the plates did not appear till 1866. These genera are here dated from
the years in which they were taken up by Weddell. Although all cases
of the kind are discussed under the genera affected, a brief summary is
here made of those where the name is likely to be the subject of dispute.

t DO, Prodr,; -1:64! 235"

BY ee ei ae Oey es x » tal Bl ae RE to 2 Se ee ee, Fee AN foe

PHILIPPINE URTICACEAE. 467

Laportea Gaudich., 1826, is antedated by Urticastrum Fabr., 1759, the
former one of the nomina conservanda of the Vienna Congress.

Fleurya Gaudich., 1826, has an alleged synonym in Kermula Noronha,
1790: no combinations have been made under the latter name.

Pilea Lindl., 1821, is antedated by Adicea Raf., 1815: nomen con-
servandum.,

Pellionia Gaudich., 1826, is said to be synonymous with Polychroa
Lour., 1790.

Elatostema J. R. & G. Forster, 1776, is typified by the species now
known as Procris pedunculata (Forst.) Wedd., which, under another
specific name, is also the type of Procris.

Memorialis Ham. in Wall. Cat. was a manuscript name, taken up as a
sectional name by Bennett in 1838, and given generic rank by Weddell
in 1857. If it be regarded as generically distinct from Pouzolzia, the
oldest valid name is Gonostegia Turez., 1846, Hyrtanandra Miq., 1851,
also antedating Memorialis. ;

Distemon Wedd., 1857, is a homonym of Distemon Bouché, 1844. The
latter is reduced to Canna, leaving Distemon valid for the Urticaceous
genus under the Vienna Code.

Villebrunea Gaudich., Bonite, was first published by Weddell in 1854;
Gaudichaud had two species, the first retained by Weddell in the genus,
the second subsequently transferred by him to Urera, though he continued
to cite both plates as belonging to the genus. Weddell, in 1854, had these
two and two others, one subsequently retained, the other based on a species
of Blume’s, which is said to belong to a different family. Oreocnide
Miquel, 1851, is monogeneric, and as the first published name is here used.

Debregeasia Gaudich., Bonite, taken up by Weddell, 1857, is generally
said to have two older synonyms. JMorocarpus Sieb. & Guce., 1846, is
here rejected as a homonym of Morocarpus Adans., 1763, but as the
latter is considered a synonym, the name would be available for use
instead of Debregeasia under the Vienna Code. Leucocnide Miq., 1851,
had 5 species, the two first distinct species of Leucosyke, the other three
reduced to one by Weddell under Debregeasia. It is here considered
to be typified by Leucosyke capitellata (Poir.) Wedd., and Debregeasia
is left as the oldest valid name.

Leucosyke Zoll. & Mor., 1845 or 1846, was eventually maintained by
Weddell, although he had taken up, in 1854, JJissiessya Gaudich., Bonite.

The two departures from ordinary usage in this paper are the
substitution of Oreocnide for Villebrunea, and of Gonostegia for Memo-
rialis.

Difficulties with specific limits occur at every turn, and become acute
owing to the tendency in many of the genera for the forms to cluster
around some species, such as Boehmeria platyphylla Don, Elatostema
sessile (Forst.) Wedd., and Leucosyke capitellata (Poir.) Wedd.: of all

ee ee ee ee ee ee eee eee a ae ee Oe a

468 ROBINSON.

the more intricate cases of the kind originating in nearly related regions,
we escape none. Through the kindness of the Director of Agriculture,
Buitenzorg, Java, and of Mr. W. W. Smith, of the Royal Botanic Gardens.
Calcutta, I have been able to make many direct comparisons between
Philippine and other material: this with the literature available has
led to the conclusion that a high percentage of our species are endemic,
but this endemism in somewhat curiously distributed between the genera
that are here represented by several or by few species, some of the latter
being considered monotypic. None of our genera are endemic, of those
here proposed as new, Astrothalamus being also found in Borneo and the
Marianne Islands, Vlatostematoides probably ranging throughout Malaya.

Total
Number | philip- Percent-
of Endemic.
genera pine age,
* | species.
Genera with 1 Philippine species ~_____ ... 7 <j 1 14.3
Genera with 2 Philippine species ______-. 3 6 1 16,7
Genera with more Philippine species-___- ll 116 97 83.6
COUN ie. ngtukute tad sake secenennct 21 | 129 99 76.7

DISTRIBUTION OF URTICACEAE IN THE PHILIPPINES AND NEARLY RELATED REGIONS.

Malay For- | Philip-
Genus. India. Ansar China.| moa, | pin a! §
a I act kine ees onacadncans|aeaneeed 1 bE erat te ee Ba
TOU OA INTIS in a cee ease wet ocncs unan leoeksenn 1 | ddedidededeeen pees i
TNR ol ie heat a sg fgiocs mete n'a 10 ll 13 5
GRA ee Biante: wed aii mc heen as aafbedanda} occu ane BO (22 ss rd
RRM OGATID oe arenes s Belen onde cnc nacnad P| | sane, Se 1
Dh te) ii: Lt ih en) jaa 10 | eteed! Se Sa 3
Debremaaeye ofa 6 3 2 1 1
ROU UOUR IE oad ducde Bint dwameedenndseas cand 1 1 |-devenee oe ae 1
pW igs aren | Meee te 1) ced inn| Sine eee s (ence oan
BA POR OTEN so hd ict tae cnwnns 82 31 9 5 43
TULA CORUOIIO LONGO focal a eas c= bawiinnans | pena'ewnn WO. | peel niche ted meee 5
PAGUIG Ee Cock ices ena wives bhadedmucuie ance 1 4 1 vi 2
PUIBROUION VadeskUhnnbiaceeddeccceo cus. 1th choc sda eee dee | oe eee
CRRA DO Rate sence nebls wens oe eek 1 1 4 Shas dace
' Gonostegia (Memorialis) ~----_-----____- 8 6 2 4 4
TPR OP UES s ne tns eras bidiuine cadwcande cxne 3 16 8 Z 15
TORO TNUE Scacchi 2 2 1 1
TMGCOCY WB os Ne oo oe 55 conn ca bices esas T | gece L 10
DPI IID (diaeiss sitecinn xeon nee Sere atlas ssa wliicce 1 8 lcoewadarlnataaese 1
PUNO Oa tiauiii aude nen cde oc caddalbiccw acon caneeene 2 : i ee
Oreoenide (Villebrunea) ~~. ------__- 2 G| tae 2 q
Parietaria_____-_----_-- ae eee he See eee
OTM hc aici MRR Scien wldiedesisckin mseertncs Scien 12 5 7 3 2
Jig |i i Sin a a Be pa eg | eee | ee
ag th: SREIR Sgicker a ae Nee ae, eT 20 14 20 6 13
PA GA n watded ae eN cthisnaamen onan 2 7 |Get ee es 6
*

ee a ee

+

PHILIPPINE URTICACEAE,

Distribution of Urticaceae in the Philippines, ete.—Continued.

a =|
Genus. oat Arch China. Ri a wg
| |
| | |
Potkiloupermaun ina. 25-2 --22222 2a ese meee S 1 |--------|----—--| ------=-
POuedleine cere ta. ate ee eens 5 4 | 4 2 4 |
PEGCHiNce ee bo ae eel Z 4 | 1 1 4
BETCOGH INANE en. t2 edo eee eee 1 Ths] oO | een ee
SINS ED oe oe See ee eel eee | ee 1 Wee Rk oi Pee
ST OOO a ae a | oe epee | Se es | 1 pete a (ea
Sinn [eee Ge he 8 ee el ee ee | 3 1 | 9 1 | 1
Dein tpecios.- 2... | #118} 3151] 498] 687 | 129
WOU ONOIAL ws. co S2-cascencs- | 23 24 21 16 21

Some of these differences are doubtless due to the more radical or
more conservative tendencies of the workers: ultimately, there is every
probability that the Malay Archipelago will be found far to excel all of the
other regions here enumerated in the number of its species. ‘The above
distribution of the Malay species between Hlatostema, Hlatostematoides,
and Pellionia is very rough: in many cases, the descriptions are quite
insufficient to enable an accurate opinion to be formed.

Taken as a whole, the affinities of Philippine Urticaceae are undoubt-
edly Malayan, only one genus found here being unreported from the
Malay Islands. This is Chamabainia, which is known from India and
China. Of the other genera, Urtica is cosmopolitan, but the only species
here is Malayan: Laportea occurs in all the continents except Europe,
and some of our species have their closest alliance with those of India,
but more with those of Malaya: Pilea and Boehmeria are tropical or
subtropical, in the former is the one species which can positively be said
to be introduced only, P. microphylla (inn.) Liebm.: another species
here described as P. humilis, is very closely allied to P. peploides, which
ranges from the Galapagos Islands across Oceania and Asia to western
Africa ; the affinities of the other species are with those of India, Formosa
or Malaya. Boehmeria nivea (Linn.) Gaudich. is doubtless introduced,
but the forms from Sabtan Island seem to fall under the variety tena-
cissima, whose other distribution is such that it may well be indigenous:
the other species show alliances with those of India, Malaya, and Formosa.

Two other genera are found in the Tropics of both America and the

* Hook. f. Fl. Br. Ind. 5 (1888) 477, 547-594.

8 Boerl. Handl. Kenn. Fl. Ned. Ind. 3 (1900) 372-381: Schum. & Lauterb.
Nachtr. Fl. Deutsch, Schutz. Siidsee (1905) 251-256: with some changes.

‘Forbes & Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 26 (1899) 471-492, 36 (1905)
461, 481, 488, 501, 516, 527, 529.

5 Kawakami List Pl. Formosa (1910) 103-108.

‘4

|
;
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470 ROBINSON.

Old World, Pouzolzia and Fleurya; one of our species of the latter has
somewhat the appearance of an introduced plant, but is of wide distribu-
tion from Abyssinia to Polynesia, the other seems not to go west of Java,
and so far as our collections show, barely gets into the Philippines in the
islands nearest to Borneo. Our species of Pouzolzia are certainly indige-
nous, one has a wide Indo-Malayan distribution, a second seems identical
with a Javan species, the others are endemic, one with no near allies, the
other nearest to one of Java. The other genera are confined to the Old
World, and are mainly tropical, Pellionia, Procris, Oreocnide, and De-
bregeasia extending to Japan. However, in the three first, the species
are Malayan or with their nearest affinities Malayan: in the last, our
only species has hitherto been identified with D. longifolia (Burm.)
Wedd., ranging from India to Java, but seems more closely allied to the
Japanese D. edulis Wedd. Lecanthus and Hlatostema range from western
Africa to Polynesia, our one species of the former being known with
certainty only from India and China: the latter is our richest genus in
point of species, some appearing very distinct, several others closely
allied to #. sessile Forst., originally described from the Society Islands,
but with nearly related or possibly identical forms distributed through-
out the range of the genus: in other cases the affinities are distinctly
Indian, in yet others Malayan: two species seem to be confined to the Phil-
ippines and Formosa. Pipturus extends from Mauritius to Polynesia,
but our species have peculiar features. P. argenteus (Forst.) Wedd., with
a range from Java to Queensland and Tahiti is found only in the extreme
southwestern Philippines; another of our species has in it its closest
ally, but not a near one; P. arborescens, which is far our commonest
species, is otherwise known only from Borneo, and with a very local ally is
very distinct from all others of the genus except P. albidus (Hook. &
Arn.) Wedd., of the Hawaiian Islands; another is considered identical
with a Javan species, and is the probable ancestor of the sixth. Gonos-
tegia (Memorialis) has 4 species, one extending from India to Australia,
a second Indo-Malayan, a third is doubtfully identified with an Indian
species, the last seems quite distinct. Two other genera extend to India,
Distemon, monotypic, hitherto known only from that country and Java,
and Maoutia, ranging to Tahiti. Leucosyke until its recent report from
Formosa was supposed to find its most northern ‘distribution in the
Philippines, where one of its species is very common and identical with
one of wide Malayan distribution; it is also the probable ancestor of the
remainder with one exception, L. nivea, which is allied to L. candidissima
of Java. The genus Cypholophus finds its greatest extension to the east
and southeast of thé Philippines, our only species extending to the west
being that which is very much the most common here. There remain
the two genera here segregated, Hlatostematoides which is probably
throughout Malaya, and Astrothalamus, known also from Borneo and the
Mariannes.

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PHILIPPINE URTICACEAE. 471

A most unfortunate conflict regarding dates of publication arose half
a century and more ago, owing to the fact that the family was being
treated in part or whole by different authors at the same time. So far as
Philippine problems are involved, Weddell, Blume, and Miquel are chiefly
concerned ; and as the facts have a wide bearing, it is thought advisable
to enumerate here such data as have been gathered.

Weddell’s papers were three in number, the first published in the
first volume of the fourth series of the Annales des Sciences Naturelles ;
the second, his monograph of the family, in the ninth volume of the
Archives du Muséum; the third in the first part of the sixteenth volume
of the Prodromus. The difficulties lie with the second.

Blume’s references to species of the family are more or less scattered
throughout his publications, but he deals especially with them in certain
numbers of the second volume of the Museum Botanicum Lugduno-
Batavum,; over the dates of these there is much difficulty, especially as
they were nearly simultaneous with Weddell’s monograph. ‘There seems
to be no controversy over the actual dates of Miquel’s publications, their
relative priority being alone involved.

The preface to the second volume of the Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. is dated
January 6, 1852, the first number is dated 1852, numbers 2 to 8 bear
no date. According:to a polemic review by Miquel, these were issued
together and were on sale on the 1st of February, 1856." It would
be unfair, however, to consider Blume as claiming for them the date
of 1852, for Weddell’s paper in the Annales of 1854 is cited as of
that year. Parts 9, 10, 11, and 12 are dated as appearing on the
1st of November and December, 1855, and of January and February,
1856, respectively. Miquel* says of these that they were on sale by
the middle of May, 1856, at Amsterdam, and in Germany somewhat
earlier: further, that he had himself seen in the Leyden Herbarium in
December, 1855, some of the sheets from which species were alleged to
have been published in November, and that there was no indication
upon them of anything of the kind having taken place. Parts 13
to 16 are similarly dated as appearing on the first of the months from
March to June, 1856; regarding these, I find no definite statements
by others; the assigned dates are presumably too early, and it is in them
that the worst cases of conflict with Weddell occur, so far as Philippine
species are concerned,

Contemporaneous bibliographic notes on Weddell’s monograph are
surprisingly few, the most important found being by Sir William Eooker.®
The date of the review is probably October or November of 1857, as it
is in the second last number of the volume, and the last is dated December

° Bot. Zeit. 14 (14 March, 1856) 185-188.
7 Bot. Zeit. 14 (1 August, 1856) 540, 541.
’ Hook. Jour. Bot. & Kew Gard. Mise. 9 (1857) 347-350.

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472 ROBINSON.

1, 1857. He says, in part: “Again, after the first part of Mr. Weddell’s
work has appeared in Paris, and whilst the second is announced as ready,

. a learned botanist in another country, with no materials but what
his own herbarium and library afford, suddenly publishes monographs of
some of the largest genera of Urticew .. 2”.

Weddell himself says in an appendix on page 588 of the monograph,
“Pendant que je corrigeais les derniers chapitres de cet ouvrage, on a
recu a Paris les feuilles 13 a 16 du Museum botanicum lugduno-batavum
de M. le professeur Blume, faisant suite a celles dont il a été question
antérieurement (p. 48 et 90). C’est done dans V’intervalle écoulé entre
la publication des feuilles 12 et 13 de ce travail qu’ont paru les 400 pre-
miéres pages de ma Monographie, dont M. Blume ne semble d’ailleurs
pas avoir eu connaissance, bien que la publication de la derniére livraison
ait précédé de plusieurs mois celle de la partie de son ouvrage que
jannonce aujourd’hui.”

To Dr. B. Daydon Jackson, general secretary of the Linnean Society
of London, and to Dr. J. H. Barnhart, of the New York Botanical
Garden, I am greatly indebted for additional data. The former writes
(to the Director, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, who had kindly forwarded
to him my request for information).

“T am sorry to say that though I have spent most of the day in the search,
I am unable to say what pages and plates came out in 1856. The title-page of
Vol. IX of the Archives du Muséum, gives the date thus: ‘1856-57,’ and I have
not succeeded in finding any side-light on the separate issues. Thus in Bull. Soc.
Bot. Fr. iv. (1857) p. 839, we learn that it came out in 4 parts, and in Hook.
Kew Journ, ix. (1857) p. 347 we learn further that part 1 appeared in 1856.
The work does not seem to have been reveiwed in the ‘Botanische Zeitung,’
‘Flora, ‘Gard. Chron.’ or ‘Linnaea.’

“Our own records show that the thanks of the Society were accorded for
parts 1-3 on 21st April 1857, and for part 4 on 5th Nov. 1857. But against
this I find under date of 18th Nov. 1856, ‘Monographie de la Famille des Urticées
par H. A. Weddell, D. M. P. ete. Presented by the Author.’ It thus looks as if
the author had early complete copies, which he distributed in 1856, for that is
also the date on the reprint title-page. Afterwards the official distribution took
place, but I am unable to give particulars of this.

“No wrappers have been bound in of either copy in our library.”

For the purposes of this paper, the decision reached is to accept
Weddell’s statement with its implication, that the first 400 pages of his
monograph appeared between the 12th and the 13th parts of the second
volume of the Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat., but that fascicle 13 of the latter
preceded the remainder of the monograph. It then becomes academic to
question whether the date of these later portions of the works of either
author was 1856 or 1857.

The evidence is all against taking Blume’s statements of dates as
accurate, but if certain fascicles appeared at the beginning of February,

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PHILIPPINE URTICACEAE. 473

and four more by the middle of May, there would seem to be no great
improbability in the remaining four having been published in the same
year, 1856. There can be no doubt that the first part of the monograph
was published in 1856, but it still seems to me probable that the con-
clusion did not appear till the following year. Hooker’s statement is
rather positive, and it is possible that the Linnean Society record may
have referred to part of the work only. Miquel, also, definitely states in
paragraphs where priority was being discussed, that certain portions,
Debregeasia and Villebrunea, which are after page 400, were published
in 1857.°

To Prof. Lecomte and Dr. Gagnepain, of the Muséum d’Histoire
Naturelle, Paris, and to Mr. W. W. Smith, of the Royal Botanic Gardens,
Culcutta, I am greatly indebted for comparisons between recent Philip-
pine collections and the types in those institutions and for copies from
publications not available here to Lieut.-Col. D. Prain, Director of the
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, and to Dr, N. L. Britton, Dr. M. A. Howe,
Mr. Perey Wilson, and Miss Hilma Johnson, of the New York Botanical
Garden.

KEY TO THE PHILIPPINE GENERA OF URTICACEAE.
Plants with stinging hairs; perianth-segments of pistillate flowers 4, always free
from the ovary.

Leaves opposite; stipules lateral; achenes straight...........------------- 1. Urtica
Leaves alternate; stipules axillary; achenes oblique.
Herbs; fruiting perianth not succulent........-.---------.---s.-2-eseeee 2. Fleurya
Trees or shrubs; fruiting perianth succulent..............-...------------- 3. Laportea

Plants without stinging hairs.
Pistillate perianth 3- to 5-parted or lobed, always free from the ovary.
Leaves opposite.

Cymes forming head-like glomerules................------------++:-----1 0s 4, Pilea

Flowers crowded in a fleshy receptacle................--2-s1:::-:--2e-+ 5, Lecanthus
Leaves alternate.

IPSY OO [.2.-0c...c.-cie2<2-asladans Soak ture MRREIOREREE tea be attra 0 <eac-sn0s t+ vbeatennennyrafgheeinn=- 3. Laportea

Herbs or rarely undershrubs.
Pistillate perianth biseriate, the 2 inner lobes much larger than the 2
OUGOT ona cnncnch cose cence MEI: scncacicosesescrterceceeeesenenees 2. Flourya
Pistillate perianth uniseriate.
Inflorescences exinvolucrate.
Both staminate and pistillate inflorescences cymose, sometimes greatly
condensed and simulating receptacles, but then never involucrate.
Pistillate perianth 4- or 5-parted, at least some .of its segments

conspicuously corniculate ..............-....---:---sseeeeee- 6. Pellionia
Pistillate perianth-segments at most obscurely acuminate or cor-
TNIGUILALS ere hist enone pn. s00n20 = ac ccenenenen- 7. Elatostematoides

Staminate inflorescences cymose; pistillate flowers crowded on a
fleshy receptacle, their perianth 3- or 4-parted, easily separ-
Ble wo. sce eee ree ae tcata n= === == --nescacnanenenn soos bane apsdedezes 8. Procris

® Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. 4 (1869) 305, 306.

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474 ROBINSON.

Both staminate and pistillate inflorescences involucrate; pistillate
perianth cupular, usually minute, the lobes obtuse, usually 3, rarely
Be OE lia es neni nis canctsein unos s<ssogucln ere 9. Hlatostema
Pistillate perianth tubular, inclosing the ovary or achene, greatly contracted
at the mouth.
Stigma linear or filiform.
. Stigma persistent.
Fruiting perianth usually membranaceous; stigma not greatly curved.
' 10. Boehmeria.
Fruiting perianth succulent; stigma short, greatly curved 15. Cypholophus
Stigma deciduous,
Staminate flowers 2-merous ...............-..::.cc:cssesceecssssseesesesesesenees 14. Distemon
Staminate flowers 4- or 5-merous.
Fruiting perianth membranaceous.
Buds of staminate flowers greatly flattened at the broad apex,
usually with a transverse line of hairs at the flexure; nerves

extending to the leaf-apex or nearly_........00-0.0.0...-. 12. Gonostegia
Staminate buds much less flattened; leaf-nerves shorter 11. Pouzolzia
Fruiting pertanth succulent: «....:..:..<..-.-.....0.s:0.-saamndonseyebeives 16. Pipturus

Stigma capitate or subpeltate.
Herbaceous vines with opposite leaves; ‘fruiting perianth membrana-

WMP Ss ssnsecineim acd astineagoe teva ieaate ate bas tdcrsass Wine ses tss sented Boe 13. Chamabainia
Trees or shrubs; leaves alternate.

Achenes borne upon a fleshy eupule 2.2.00... +. 17, Oreocnide

POPUNG DRCORTG isseny ccc.cclsadpecstl boca piece -clvccus TR ee 18. Debregeasia

Pistillate perianth greatly reduced, or wanting, or apparently wanting.
Pistillate perianth disk-like, supporting the base of the achene; flowers in

dense glomerules or capitulla.....................-.-......-sscessseseresedeosas 21. Leucosyke
Pistillate perianth wanting, both kinds of flowers in panicles, hardly forming
I i ots snnssen tops costion ophiipaplendbss Aovie: dcsajasela desea: 20. Maoutia

Pistillate perianth very thin, hardly perceptible with the lens; staminate
flowers paniculate, pistillate very densely crowded on pedunculate and
Et hee os og RC i AOTC pl Ne 19. Astrothalamus

1. URTICA (Tourn.) Linn.

Urtica bullata Blume Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. 2 (1856) 145.

U. grandidentata Miq. Pl. Jungh. (1851) 27, non Moris Stirp. Sard. Elench. 2
(1827-1829) 9, non Liebm, Vidensk, Selsk. Skr. 5’ (1851) 296,

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Mount Pulog, Mor. Bur. 16049 Curran, Merritt
& Zschokke, wet gully on pine and ‘cogon slope at 2000 m elevation. MINDANAO,
District of Davao, Mount Apo, Elmer 11583.

Of 4 Benguet plants collected, two have male flowers only, one female flowers
only, the fourth has flowers of both sexes, nearly always in different inflorescences.
The plants are somewhat intermediate between the above species and U. thunberg-
iana Sieb. & Zuce., as is also Kawakami 779, from Formosa; the latter, however,
shows the northern alliance, while the Philippine agrees more closely with the
Malayan species. Its stipules are ovate, 9-13 mm long, 7-8 mm wide, more or
less auriculate at the base. The Formosan plant is herbaceous and more slender
with quite different stinging hairs; the leaves of both are doubly serrate.

Weddell * prefers Miquel’s specific name to that of Blume, reducing the much
older U. grandidentata of Moris to U. atrovirens Rep. in Loisel. Nouv. Not. (1827)

” DC, Prodr, 16 (1869) 55.

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PHILIPPINE URTICACEAE. 475

40, non FI, Gall, Loiseleur has probably bare priority over Moris, but if the first
edition of the Flora Gallica is intended, he had long previously used the name
for a different species, to which I can find no additional reference.

Local name (Apo): latong.

Java.

SPECIES E GENERE EXCLUDENDAE.

1. UrricA ARBORESCENS Link Enum. Hort. Berol. 2 (1822) 386; Blanco FI.
Filip. ed. 2 (1845) 483.

U. baccifera Blanco |, ¢. (1837) 695, non Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2 (1763) 1385.

Villar correctly reduced U. arborescens Blanco to Pipturus asper Wedd. How-
ever, Blanco had correctly interpreted Link’s species, which has no older name.
This is doubtless the species intended by Weddell on page 102 of the monograph
as “U. arborescens, Lmk.=Missiessyae spec.” It reappears on page 59 of the
Prodromus as “U. arborescens Poir.=? Leucosykes spec.” ‘

2. URTICA ELONGATA Link Enum. Hort. Berol. 2 (1822) 385, nec J. F. Gmel.
Syst. (1791) 269, nee aliorum.

U. sessiliflora Blanco |. ¢. (1837) 696, non Sw. in Vet. Akad. Handl. Stock.
(1785) 33.

U. capitata Blanco 1. ¢, ed, 2 (1845) 483, non Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 985.

Villar’s reduction of Blanco’s species to Fleurya interrupta Gaudich, is almost
certainly correct, although the description of the pistillate flowers points rather
to some Boehmeria, to which genus Weddell " doubtfully assigned, probably by a
slip or misprint for this, an otherwise non-existent U. sessilifolia Blanco, The
reduction of Link’s species to Fleurya interrupta, though from description, is
practically certain.

3. URTICA UMBELLATA Blanco 1. ¢. (1837) 696, (wmbelata), non Bory Voy. 3
(1804) 173. .

U. ferox Blanco 1. ¢. ed. 2 (1845) 484, non Forst. f. Prodr. (1786) 66.

U. meyeniana Walp. in Nov. Act. Nat. Cur. 19 (1843) Suppl. 1: 422.

All are synonyms. of Laportea meyeniana ( Walp.) Warb.

4. UrrIca NIVEA Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 985.

Correctly credited to the Philippines by Blanco and others, but only an in-
troduced plant: Boehmeria nivea (Linn.) Gaudich. °

5. URTICA MANILLENSIS Walp. Nov. Act. Nat. Cur, 19 (1843) Suppl. 1: 423.

Bureau,” after inspecting the type of this species collected by Meyen and
named by Walpers, reduced it to Fatoua pilosa Gaudich. The description, which
he had been unable to locate, is quite in agreement with this disposition of the
species.

6. UrticA HorRtiDA HBK. Noy. Gen. & Sp. 2 (1817) 41.

Reported by Walpers, 1. ¢. 422, to have been collected at Manila by Meyen,
perhaps from a garden. Kunth’s species, considered by Weddell to be a variety
of Urera baccifera (L.) Gaudich., is a native of tropical America, and is very
unlikely even to have been cultivated in Manila. Meyen’s specimen, if extant,
will decide the question.

7. URTICA VILLOSA Blanco 1. ¢. (1837) 695, non Thunb. FI. Jap. (1784) 70.

Blanco’s description is most inadequate and would do for several Philippine
species in different genera. Villar’s reduction of it to Pouzolzia indica Gaudich.
(P, zeylanica Benn., sensu latiore}, is open to no other objection, and may well be
accepted.

"DC, Prodr. 161% (1869) 66.
2 DC, Prodr. 17 (1873) 256.

476 ROBINSON.

8. URTICA JAPONICA Blanco 1. ¢. (1837) 694, nec Linn, f. Suppl. (1781) 418,
nec Thunb. Fl. Jap. (1784) 70.

Villar has reduced this to Pouzolzia viminea Wedd. The description of fhe
pistillate flowers indicates either that genus or Boehmeria, but no species of the
former with serrate leaves have been obtained in recent years in any locality
likely to have been visited by Blanco. Of our species, Boehmeria heterophylla
(Wedd.) Bl. best fits the description, but the habitat, “paredes,” is unlikely,
though it is known from a number of localities near Manila. This, and other
points in the diagnosis suggest Fleuwrya interrupta, but apart from the fact that
another of Blanco’s species is referable there, the short petioles, axillary flowers,
and terminal stigma are too serious obstacles to be overcome.

2, FLEURYA Gaudich.

Stinging plants; pistillate pedicels dilated at the apex................ l. FP. interrupta

_ Not stinging; pistillate pedicels not dilated 2020002008 ce 2. F. ruderalis

1. Fleurya interrupta Gaudich, Bot. Voy. Uran. (1826) 497. *
- Urtica interrupta Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753) 985.

Boehmeria interrupta Willd. Sp. Pl. 41 (1805) 342.

Urtica elongata Link Enum, Hort. Berol. 2 (1822) 385, nec. J. F. Gmel. Syst.
(1791) 269, nee ‘aliorum.

Urtica sessiliflora Blaneo FI. Filip. (1837) 696, non Sw. in Vet. Akad. Handl.,
Stockh, (1785) 33.

Urtica capitata Blanco FI, Filip. ed. 2 (1845) 483, non Linn. Sp. Pl. (1753)
985.

Urtica sessilifolia Blanco ex Wedd. in Arch. Mus. Paris 9 (1856) 105, sphalm,

Luzon, Province of Rizal, Bosoboso, For. Bur. 3358 Ahern’s collector ; Manila,
Cuming 722, Merrill 3407, McGregor 82, Philip. Nor. Sch. 441 Buenconsejo ; Mala-
padnabato, Phil. Pl. 432 Ramos: Province of Laguna, Los Bafios, Elmer s. n.:
Province of Tayabas, Infanta, Bur. Sci. 6799 Robinson; Atimonan, Gregory 114:
Province of Albay, Tivi, Bur. Sci. 6301 Robinson. PoxttLo, Bur. Sci. 6905 Robin-
son. PANAY, Province of Antique, San Jose, Yoder 25. MrNnpANAo, District of
Davao, Santa Cruz, Williams 2960. (Patmas ISLAND, Merrill 5341, the island
then considered to belong to the Philippines, now to Celebes,)

The local name at Bosoboso and Pasig is lipang aso, meaning dog-lipa (Lapor-
tea): this name will be found cited under several species in different genera, as
Laportea is very widely known, through its stinging properties. The Normal
School collection records the Bicol name as ro-rolagnaton qui Ayam.

Villar’s reduction of Blanco’s species is here confidently followed; the descrip-
tion of the flowers also suggests Boehmeria, to which it was doubtfully reduced
by Weddell. The plants are often very luxuriant, in other cases greatly reduced,
and the length of the inflorescence more or less parallels this: it should not be
insisted upon as a distinguishing character from F. ruderalis.

Abyssinia to New Guinea and Polynesia.

2. Fleurya ruderalis Gaudich. Bot. Voy. Uran. (1826) 497.

Urtica ruderalis Forst. Prodr. (1784) 344.

CAVILLI ISLAND, (Sulu Sea), in sandy soil in open thickets along sea-shore,
Phil. Pl, 402 Merrill. Also seen on the neighboring Island of Arena.

Java to the Marianne, Caroline and Society Islands and New Guinea.

According to Index Kewensis, Kermula “Noronha in Verh. Batav. Gen. v.
(1790) ed. I, Art. IV. 2,” is synonymous with Fleurya; if so, it is much the
older name: the publication is not available here; no combinations seem ever to

PHILIPPINE URTICACEAE. 477

have been made under Kermula. The case is not covered by the list of nomina
conservanda. — :
3. LAPORTEA Gaudich.

This genus contains the best-known and longest-remembered stinging
plants of the Archipelago. This is especially true of LZ. meyeniana
(Walp.) Warb., but other species appear even more virulent, and it is
probable that all and certain that nearly all of our species cause extreme
irritation. Valuable papers on this property of the genus have appeared
in Australia ‘* and Paris,’* and the Philippine side of the case has been
briefly stated by the writer.*° The stinging hairs are silicious, and at
least in L. gigas contain formic and acetic acids; the effect being therefore
both mechanical and poisonous. The latter is much the more pronounced
as long as it continues, which may be from a few minutes to two or rarely
more days, depending upon the severity of the case. Prompt relief may
be had by the use of ammonia, carbonate of sodium, or probably any
alkali: this was ascertained in Paris with LZ. moroides Wedd., and indepen-
dently here with Z. meyeniana, The ordinary Philippine remedy is to
apply to the injured surface the expressed sap from the inner bark of the
same tree, and various sufferers have stated that it had given considerable
relief. The experiments here gave negative results, but were not pro-
longed beyond a few minutes, as it was obviously much less efficacious
than soda or ammonia. However, the cell-walls continue to produce
irritation rather than pain, especially on contact or immersion in water,
often for three or four weeks; in one case supposed to have been due to L.
mindanaensis for six or seven months.

The systematic difficulties are very considerable, and the characters
chiefly relied upon in the following key are drawn from pistillate plants,
with which it has often been difficult to correlate staminate collections.
All of our species fall within Weddell’s section Dendroenide, as limited by
him, but there is a sharp distinction between those, such as L. meyentana,
where the otherwise sessile flowers are borne upon a flabellate receptacle
apparently formed by the union of their pedicels, and such cases as L.
luzonensis where there is no such receptacle and the flowers are pedicelled.
The separation of a new section would have been made in this paper, were
the type of Dendrocnide known to me. All of our species seem to be
endemic. ‘The oldest name for the genus is Urticastrum Fabr., but La-
portea is maintained according to the decision of the Vienna Botanical
Congress.

Petrie, J. M. The stinging property of the giant nettle-tree. (Laportea
gigas Wedd.). Proce. Linn. Soe. N. 8. Wales 31 (1906) 530-545,

“Demilly, J. Les plantes du genre “Laportea” Gaudich., leurs caracteres,
leur action urticante dangereuse, Bull. Sci. Pharmacol. 13 (1906) 144-149.

% Robinson, C. B. Philippine contact-poisonous plants. Bull. Manila Med. Soc.
2 (1910) 207-211.

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478 ROBINSON.

KEY TO THE PHILIPPINE SPECIES OF LAPORTEA.

Pistillate flowers distinctly pedicelled, not flabellately arranged.

Leaves oblanceolate, lowest veins very short............................ 2. L. anacardioides
Leaves usually much wider, lowest veins arched-ascending.......... 1. L, luzonensis
Pistillate flowers flabellately arranged upon a flattened or merely concave re-
ceptacle.
Flowers crowded in more than one row on receptacle..................-- 3. L. densiflora

Flowers forming a single row on the margin of the receptacle.
Receptacles much enlarged in fruit.

Mature leaves densely pubescent on both surfaces...............- 4. L. crassifolia
Upper surface of mature leaves glabrous or nearly so.
Mature receptacles usually over 1 em in diameter............ 5, L, batanensis

Mature receptacles not over 8 mm in diameter,
/ Pistillate inflorescence only moderately branched, tomentellose.
6. L. meyeniana
Pistillate inflorescence very diffusely branched, pilose........ 7. L. diffusa
Receptacles not or only slightly enlarged in fruit.
Leaves rigid: receptacles subtended by bracteoles 6 mm long or more.
8. L. rigidifolia
Leaves not rigid: bracteoles less than 2 mm long.
Leaves gradually contracted to an acute or subacute base.

Stipules merely ciliate or glabrous ......0..0.2 eee | . L. gracilipes
Outer surface of stipules densely pubescent.
Leaves oblanceolate, chartaceous.......0.0.....020.2.22000e eee ee 10. L. lanaensis

Leaves wider, membranaceous or submembranaceous.
ll. L. mindanaensis
Leaf-bases much wider, cordate, truncate, or at least very obtuse.

Under surface of leaves densely pubescent.............. Souksven’ 12. L. leytensis
Under surface of leaves glabrous or only obscurely pubescent.
Leaves thickly chartaceous ....................-::-::e:cesseesesses: 13. L. subpeltata
Leaves membranaceous or submembranaceous...... ll. L. mindanaensis

Flowers sessile in a purple, succulent, nearly closed receptacle.. 14. L. subclausa
The pistillate flowers of L. venosa are as yet unknown, but it probably comes
nearest to L, luzonensis: see text.

1. Laportea luzonensis Warb. in Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1905) 168.

L. crenulata var. luzonensis Wedd. in Arch. Mus. Paris 9 (1856) 133.

L. crenulata F.-Vill. Noviss. App. (1882) 204; Vidal Rev. Pl. Vasc. Filip.
(1886) 255; non Gaudich. Bot. Voy. Uran. (1826) 498.

Luzon, Province of Ilocos Norte, Bolo River, For. Bur, 13871 Merritt & Dar-
ling: Province of Bataan, For.’ Bur. 2631 Meyer: Province of Laguna, Calauan,
Cuming 522: Province of Batangas, Santo Tomas, Philip. Nor. Sch. 339 Aurelia
Matvar, The following staminate or sterile collections are also probably referable
here. Luzon, Province of Benguet, Mount Tonglon, Merrill 4838: Province of
Bataan, For. Bur, 6522 Curran: Province of Laguna, Los Bafios, Elmer s.
MiNpboro, Baco River, Merrill 1818 ; Subaan, For. Bur. 11379 Merritt.

Local name: lupa, Ilocos Norte.

- Laportea anacardioides sp: nov.

I waiderdecen tis pistilliferis quam petioli longioribus, pedunculis titevibus,
non receptaculum dilatatum efformantibus, perianthio subaequaliter 4-
partito, achenio non vel vix ventricoso, stigmate anguste conico: foliis
oblanceolatis, integerrimis, basi acutis’ vel subobtusis, apice acuminatis.

PHILIPPINE URTICACEAE. . 479

Pistillate inflorescences axillary, mostly crowded with the leaves near
the apices of the branches, 3 to 7 cm long, usually 3 to 4 times branched,
or reduced to panicles, unarmed or with a very few stinging hairs, the
individual flowers mostly in threes, each upon a nearly cylindric pedicel
0.5 to 1 mm long, the bracteoles narrowly lanceolate, about 1 mm longs
perianth at anthesis less than 1 mm long, nearly equally divided into 4
broadly lanceolate lobes, in fruit somewhat increased, forming a shallow
cup with the lobes less conspicuous; ovary suborbicular, compressed,
slightly oblique, 1 mm in diameter, stigma narrowly conic, 1 mm long,
minutely pubescent, its base 0.3 to 0.4 mm in diameter, the slender apex
more or less recurved; achene 2 mm long, black when dry, suborbicular,
hardly or not ventricose: staminate inflorescence unknown.

A tree over 10 m high, with a trunk 15 cm in diameter, the bark
yellowish, flaky, the vegetative parts apparently glabrous: leaves at the
ends of the branches, their petioles 1.5 to 4 em long, the lamina membra-
naceous or nearly chartaceous, oblanceolate, somewhat but irregularly
inequilateral, 15 to 22 em long, 3 to 5.3 em wide, the greatly narrowed
base acute or subobtuse, the margins entire, the apex forming an acute
or nearly acute acumen 5 to 10 mm long; lateral veins on each side of the
midrib 14 to 16, parallel-ascending or the upper arched, not forming a
marginal vein; stipules triangular-lanceolate, glabrous, acute, 9 mm long.

MINDANAO, District of Davao, Santa Cruz, Williams 2766. Distinguished from
the preceding not only by the narrower leaves with more numerous and less
arched veins, but by the much less ventricose ovary and achene, and other
characters.

3. Laportea densiflora sp. nov.

Inflorescentiis pistilliferis longis, admodum late divaricatis, dense
pubescentibus; floribus in receptaculis flabellatis congestis; perianthio
admodum alte quadrifido, stigmate subulato: foltis late ovalibus, magnis,
basi cordatis, apice brevissime acuminatis, venis utrinque 16,

Pistillate inflorescence (one seen), about 26.5 cm long, rather widely
branching, the rachises densely covered with whitish or brownish pubes-
cence: flowers sessile, crowded upon the surface and margins of recepta-
cles; the receptacles about 20-flowered, 1 to 2 mm in diameter, their
pedicels mostly about 3 mm long; bracteoles ovate, obtuse, acuminate, 1
mm long: perianth about 0.5 mm long, its 4 lobes lanceolate, acuminate ;
ovary compressed, oval, somewhat ventricose, about 1 mm long, stigma
subulate, pubescent, about 2 mm long. Staminate inflorescence (only
one seen), about 8 cm long, the flowers apparently grouped as the
pistillate, but too immature.

A tree 8 m high, with a stem 8 cm in diameter: leaves with petioles
11.5 em long (one complete specimen), lamina subcoriaceous, broadly oval
or ovate, 32 cm long, 23 em wide, the base cordate, the margins entire, the
extreme apex forming a very short acumen; lateral veins on each side of

|
|
:
;
|

— ee Le wee a lial il el Eines —" iia 6 OS a ee ee —

480 ROBINSON.

the midrib about 16, the veins connecting the lower vein with the margin
as well as those connecting succeeding pairs of veins very distinct, nearly
straight or more or less curved, with in addition one or two veins similar
to the first branch of the basal vein running from the insertion of the
petiole a short distance below the basal vein itself; veins of both surfaces
and sometimes the lamina of the lower surface more or less pubescent,
the lower surface of the midrib densely pubescent; stipules triangular-
lanceolate, very acute, 15 mm long.

Minporo, Baco River, Merrill 998 (staminate). MINDANAO, District of Zam-
boanga, San Ramon, Hallier s. n. (type, pistillate).

4. Laportea crassifolia sp. nov.

Inflorescentiis pistilliferis longis, pubescentibus, floribus sessillibus in
receptaculis flabellatis admodum congestis, perianthio 4-partito, lobis
interioribus longioribus angustioribusque: foliis magnis, coriaceis, ovatis
vel suborbicularibus, utrinque dense pubescentibus, basi cordatis, mar-
gine dentatis.

Pistillate inflorescences 12 to 30 cm long, the peduncle and rachises
stout, densely hoary-pubescent, widely branched: flowers sessile, 12 to 15
in number, in flabellate receptacles about 2 mm in width, with pedicels 1
to 2 mm long, passing gradually into the receptacle itself; bracteoles
1.5 mm long, oblong, acutely acuminate: perianth 4-parted, the two
inner 0.5 mm long, triangular-lanceolate, acute, the outer shorter, ovate,
acutely acuminate, all sparingly pubescent on the outer surface, ovary
ovoid-compressed, less than 1 mm long, ventricose, hardly oblique, passing
gradually into the subulate pubescent stigma, which is about 2 mm long
and curved at the apex: fruiting receptacles white, varying in size with
development, attaining a width of at least 12 mm, the achene orbicular-
ovate, compressed, 2.5 mm long, its surface more or less tuberculate:
immature staminate inflorescences 8 mm long, densely pubescent, the
flowers crowded in glomerules: perianth-segments 4, ovate, cucullate, 1
mm long. .

A tree about 6 m high, its stem 15 em in diameter; leaves with stout
densely pubescent petioles 6 to 12 cm long, the coriaceous lamina 20 to 30
em long, 13 to 30 cm wide, the base cordate, the margins except in the
basal sinus forming more or less shallow but very conspictious acute or
obtuse teeth, the sinuses rounded or truncate, apices shortly acuminate ;
both surfaces, especially the under, densely covered with grayish or yel-
lowish pubescence; lateral veins on each side of the midrib 12 to 15,
arched-ascending, the veins connecting these fairly conspicuous; stipules
elliptic, membranaceous, 25 mm long, glabrous except the midvein.

MINDANAO, District of Lanao, Mataline Falls, For. Bur. 3925 Hutchinson
(pistillate flowers, type): Lake Lanao, Mrs. Clemens 177 (staminate) , 3. of.
(fruiting).

Local name: sagay, Misamis.

‘ y)
PHILIPPINE URTICACEAE. — 481

5. Laportea batanensis sp. nov.

Floribus pistilliferis in receptaculis flabellatis fructu valde auctis
suffultis: foliis membranaceis, inaequilateralibus, ellipticis, ovalibus, vel
oblongo-obovatis, basi truncatis vel rotundatis, emarginatis, margine
integris, apice acuminatis.

Pistillate inflorescences 7 to 22 cm long, widely branching, pubescent
especially on the younger branches : flowers sessile along the distal margin
of a flattened flabellate receptacle 1 to 1.5 mm wide, 5 to 10 on each, the
pedicels of the receptacles less than 1 mm long, bracteoles lanceolate, less
than 1 mm long, inconspicuous: perianth-segments 4, lanceolate, 0.6 mm
long, nearly equal; ovary 0.6 mm long, slightl¥ oblique and ventricose ;
stigma 1.5 mm long, pubescent, often flattened and dilated distally:
width of fruiting receptacles ranging to more than 1 em, the achenes no
longer marginal, compressed, obliquely suborbicular, 3 mm long, ventri-
cose, strongly and coarsely tuberculate : staminate inflorescence unknown.

A tree 5 to 7 m high, its stem about 15 cm in diameter, glaucescent
and glabrescent at the apex: leaves with pubescent petioles 1 to 4 cm long,
the membranaceous lamina elliptic, oval, or oblong-obovate, 9 to 19 cm
long, 5 to 12 cm wide, the base rounded or truncate, emarginate, the
margins entire, gradually narrowed and acuminate ; lateral veins on each
side of the midrib 9 to 13, arched-ascending, the veins of the lower sur-
face more or less pubescent, especially when young ; stipules ovate, acute
or acutely acuminate, 8 mm long.

Baranes Istanps, Batan Island, Santo Domingo de Basco, Bur. Sci. 3719
Fénivx. Noted as very poisonous.

Among Philippine species, this most closely approaches the next, from which
its greatly enlarged fruiting receptacles seem to separate it: it is difficult to
distinguish it, upon the floral characters given by Weddell, from his L. ptero-
stigma, of Formosa, but the description of the leaves in texture, shape, and
pubescence, make such an identification at least temporarily impossible.

Local name: jayeng. .

6. Laportea meyeniana Warb. in Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1905) 168.

Urtica (2) meyeniana Walp. Nov. Act. Nat, Cur, 19 (1843) Suppl. ne°428.

L. gaudichaudiana Wedd. in Arch, Mus. Paris 9 (1856) 137.

Urera gaudichaudiana Wedd. in Ann. Sci. Nat. Bot. IV 1 (1854) 177.

Urtica umbellata (umbelata) Blanco Fl. Filip. (1837) 696, non Bory Voy. 3
(1804) 173.

Urtica ferox Blanco |. ¢. ed. 2 (1845) 484, non Forst. f. Prodr. (1786) 66.

Luzon, Province of Cagayan, Tuguegarao, Bolster 184: Province of Nueva
Vizcaya, Bagabag, For, Bur. 18420 Alvarez: Province of Benguet, Sablan, Wil-
liams 1548; Twin Peaks, Elmer 6464: Province of Tayabas, Infanta, Whitford
850: Province of Pampanga, Mount Arayat, Bolster 62: Province of Rizal, Mari-
quina, For. Bur, 5199 Curran; Montalban, Bur. Sci. 9519 Robinson; Guadalupe,
Phil. Pl. 438 Ramos; Manila, Meyen (carbon impression), Bur. Sci. 12142 Ramos:
Province of Laguna, Los Bafos, Elmer s. n.: Province of Cavite, Silang, For. Bur.
<692 Curran. Munxporo, Cauayan, For, Bur. 3708 Merritt.

Some of these specimens are not typical, and the species as here interpreted

99454——2

BAP IG an to nell

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48? ROBINSON.

may be capable of further segregation. Weddell in DC. Prodr. 16": 63, doubtfully
reduced Urtica meyeniana Walp. to Laportea stimulans Miq., which may be the
reason why that species is credited to the Philippines by Stapf." Weddell also,
1. c. 67, appears to reduce U. wmbellata Blanco to Pilea umbellata Wedd., but
there may have been an omission.

Local names: lipa, lipang calabao, lipai, lopa; also alalatang in Cagayan and
alalupa in Nueva Vizcaya.

7. Laportea diffusa sp. nov.

Arbor: inflorescentiis pistilliferis longissimis, late diffusis; floribus
sessilibus vel subsessilibus in receptaculis flabellatim dispositis: foliis
longe petiolatis ovalibus, basi cordatis, apice subabrupte breviter acumi-
natis, 5-plinerviis vel minus conspicue 7-plinerviis, venis superioribus
8 ad 10,

Pistillate inflorescences attaining a length of at least 45 cm, their
branches often fascicled in threes, 7 to 10 em long, themselves diffusely
branched, the rachis and its branches strongly flattened when dry, probably
succulent when fresh, cinereous-pilose ;, the receptacles at anthesis about
1.5 mm in diameter, solitary or two or three approximate, appearing as
one, on pedicels 1 to 2 mm long, bearing 4 to 6 flowers: flowers sessile or
subsessile ; perianth-lobes 4, lanceolate to ovate but of about equal length,
0.4 mm, acuminate or mucronate, pubescent, rarely with a few stinging
hairs ; ovary in outline oblong-lanceolate, about 1mm long; stigma some-
what longer than the ovary, densely pubescent, often recurved : fruiting
receptacles attaining 8 mm in diameter; achenes 2 mm in diameter,
strongly compressed, nearly circular in outline but ventricose on one side,
tipped with the base of the stigma, obscurely lined.

A tree 5 m high, with a trunk 30 em in diameter, the apices of the
branches covered with yellow bark: leaves on petioles 5 to 18 cm long,
when dried strongly flattened especially near the base, there attaining
1 cm in width, densely pubescent, the lamina submembranaceous, attain-
ing a length of 33 em and a width of 21 cm, the base cordate, the margins
especially toward the apex with numerous very short blunt teeth, the apex
contracted into a triangular acumen 3 em long, the upper surface glabrous
except on the midrib and veins, the under surface densely white-pilose ;
5- or 7-plinerved, the uppermost pair extending about one-third the length
of the leaf; additional pairs of veins 8 to 12, the apical ones indistinct,
united by numerous veins which are more conspicuous on the under
surface ; stipules lanceolate, acuminate, about 13 mm long.

Luzon, Province of Tarlac, O'Donnell, For. Bur. 5149 Curran. Distinguished
from the last by its very diffuse, pilose inflorescence, and the different shape and

margins of the leaves,
Local name: lipa.

* Trans. Linn, Soc. Bot. IT 4 (1894) 227.

mre

aT SS ee eto

OR ee ia

PHILIPPINE URTICACEAR. 483

8. Laportea rigidifolia sp. noy.

Inflorescentiis pistiliferis longiusculis, floribus in receptaculis conspicue
bracteatis suffultis: foliis rigidis, lanceolatis, oblongo-lanceolatis, vel
ellipticis, basi emarginatis, margine integris, apice acutis vel acute sub-
acuminatis,

Pistillate inflorescences 12 to 20 cm long, the rachises sparingly pubes-
cent, the- branches mostly short, with bracts up to 1 em in length at their
insertion on the rachis: flowers in a single marginal row on flabellate
receptacles about 4 mm wide, bearing numerous bracteoles 3.5 to 5 mm
long, and with numerous stinging hairs on the portion of the surface not
covered by flowers: perianth-segments 4, lanceolate to ovate, over 1 mm
long, armed with a few stinging hairs; ovary about 1 mm long, the
subulate stigma 2 to 3 mm long: fruiting receptacles apparently not
enlarged, the achenes obliquely orbicular, compressed, 5 mm in diameter,
minutely tuberculate.

A shrub or small tree 2 to 3 m high, with a stem-10 cm in diameter:
leaves with petioles 3.5 to 6 em long, the rigidly coriaceous lamina
lanceolate, oblong-lanceolate, or elliptic, 20 to 26 cm long, 5 to 8.5 em
wide, the base rounded or gradually narrowed, more or less emarginate,
the margins entire, revolute, the apex acutely acuminate or merely acute;
lateral veins on each side of the midrib 9 to 11, strongly ascending, coarse
and projecting on the lower surface, under surface of the young leaves
densely pubescent, glabrescent when mature except on the veins, upper
surface glabrous; stipules (or bracts at the insertion of the inflorescence )
ovate, 2.5 em long, /

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Mount Tonglon (Santo Tomas), Williams 991
(type) ; Cayapa, For, Bur. 15801 Curran.

9. Laportea gracilipes Elmer Leafl. Philip. Bot. 3 (1910) 876.

Arbor parva, erecta: inflorescentiis solitariis, axillaribus, laxe ramosis,
12 ad 25 em longis, rhachidibus stimulis instructis ; receptaculis carnosis,
siccitate 3 ad 5 mm diametro, flores sessiles circiter 10 flabellatim geren-
tibus: foliis petiolis 3.5 ad 5 em longis suffultis, laminis siccis submem-
branaceis, oblanceolatis vel rarius ellipticis vel oblongis, 8 ad 17 cm longis,
basi acutis, apice abrupte breviterque acuminatis, margine integris, utrin-
que glabris vel subtus obscure pilosiusculis; stipulis lanceolato-ovatis,
glabris vel margine modo ciliatis, 8 ad 10 mm longis.

MINDANAO, District of Davao, Mount Apo, Todaya, at 1200 m elevation,
Elmer 10499.

Local name: sigmit.

10. Laportea lanaensis sp. noy.

Arbor (?): inflorescentiis multo minus ramosis, rhachidibus stimuli-
feris ; floribus fructibusque sessilibus, in receptaculis flabellatim dispositis :
foliis longiuscule petiolatis, oblanceolatis, elliptico-oblanceolatis, vel obo-

7" ae ea, 72s 7? —— oo. 9 _ — t
. — — oo ‘vc
2 ‘

484 ROBINSON.

vatis, 12 ad 17 cm longis, basi valde angustatis, acutis vel brevissime

.

cordatulis, margine integris, apice breviter acuminatis; stipulis ovatis,

extus dense pubescentibus.

Pistillate inflorescences 7 to at least 24 cm long, their branches ap-
parently not widely spreading, not seen beyond 5 cm in length, densely
clothed with stinging-hairs; receptacles on pedicels 1 to 3 mm long,
bearing 6 to 8 flabellately arranged flowers: perianth-segments 4, subequal
in length, 0.4 mm long, lanceolate to ovate, their outer surfaces pubescent ;
ovary about 0.6 mm long; stigma 1.5 to * mm long, pubescent: fruiting
receptacles about 4 mm in diameter, the achenes strongly compressed,
nearly circular in outline, 2.5 mm long, the stigma often persistent.

Probably a small tree, the branches covered with brownish or yellowish
glabrous bark: leaves with glabrous petioles 4 to 8 em long, the charta-
ceous lamina oblanceolate, elliptic-oblanceolate, or obovate, 12 to 17 cm
long, 4 to 8 em wide, gradually contracted to an acute or very shallowly
cordate base, the margins entire or obscurely sinuate, the apex rather
gradually contracted’ into an acumen less than 1 em long; glabrous on
both surfaces or the under obscurely puberulent, the venation of the
under often well marked by conspicuous white cystoliths ; pinnately veined,
veins 10 to 12 pairs; stipules ovate, densely pubescent on the outer
surface, about 8 mm long.

MINDANAO, District of Lanao, Camp Keithley, Mrs. Clemens 462 (type), s. n.

1l. Laportea mindanaensis Warb. in Perk. Frag. Fl. Philip. (1905) 168.

Luzon, Loher 5009. Minvanao, District of Davao, Taumo, Warburg 14702
(carbon impression) ; Davao, Copeland 608, 609, DeVore & Hoover 182; Santa
Cruz, Williams 2810, the last of somewhat different appearance, though I find no
adequate characters upon which to separate it. The leaf-bases vary upon the
same plant.

12. Laportea leytensis sp. nov.

Inflorescentiis pistilliferis admodum _longis, ramosis, stimuliferis,
floribus sessilibus in receptaculis flabellatim dispositis; bracteis ovatis
costam versus pubescentibus: foliis subrigide coriaceis, ovali-ovatis vel
ovali-obovatis, basi rotundatis, margine siccitate revolutis, apice breviter
acute acuminatis.

Pistillate inflorescences attaining a length of at least 20 cm, subtended
at the base by ovate, acute bracts 12 to 15 mm long, densely pubescent on
the midvein and sparingly near it; bracteoles at the nodes of the in-
florescence subpersistent, lanceolate, the lowest about 7 mm long, decreas-
ing toward the apex; the rachis and its branches, especially toward their
apices armed with stinging hairs: receptacles about 2.5 mm in diameter,
on pedicels 3 to 5 mm long, bearing about 10 flabellately arranged, sessile
flowers: perianth-segments 4, subequal, lanceolate, 0.5 mm long, ciliate ;
ovary compressed-ovoid, 0.7 mm long; stigma about 1.5 mm long, pubes-

oe

PHILIPPINE URTICACEAE. 485

cent, recurving: achenes compressed, nearly circular in outline, over 2.5
mm in diameter.

A widely spreading tree, its branchlets covered with yellowish bark:
leaves on petioles 3 to 8 cm long, the younger pilose, the older glabrous
or nearly so; lamina somewhat rigidly chartaceous, oval-ovate to oval-
obovate, 16 to over 20 em long, 6.5 to 13 em wide, the base broadly
rounded, very close to the petiole becoming acute, the margins when dry
revolute, the apex contracted into a slender acute acumen, the upper
surface glabrous or when young with a few scattered hairs, the under
brown-lepidote and shortly white-pilose ; 5-plinerved, the upper pair of
nerves extending one-third the length of the lamina or more, additional
pairs of veins 20 to 12.

Leyte, Palo, Elmer 7351.

13. Laportea subpeltata sp. nov.

Inflorescentiis pistilliferis admodum _longis, ramosis, stimuliferis,
floribus sessilibus in receptaculis flabellatim dispositis: foliis rigide
chartaceis, ovalibus, basi rotundatis, subpeltatis, margine undulatis, apice
previssime acuminatis; 5- vel Y-plinerviis; stipulis ovatis, extus dense
pubescentibus.

Pistillate inflorescences nearly 20 em long, the branches attaining 6
cm, the rachises especially toward the apex armed with stinging hairs;
receptacles about 4 mm in diameter, on pedicels 2 to 7 mm long, bearing
rather numerous flabellately arranged sessile flowers: perianth-segments
4, lanceolate, pubescent, about 0.6 mm long; ovary compressed, oval in
outline, about 0.6 mm long; stigma pubescent, attaining nearly 2 mm in
length, recurving : achenes hardly mature.

A tree 10.5 m high, with a trunk 15 cm in diameter, the glabrous bark
of the ultimate branchlets very dark-red when dry: leaves on puberulent
petioles 3.5 to 7 em long, the lamina rigidly chartaceous, oval, 11 to 18
em long, 6.5 to 12 em wide, the base broadly rounded, very shallowly
cordate, subpeltate, the margins undulate, when dry slightly revolute, the
apex abruptly contracted into a small acumen 2 to 8 mm long; upper
surface dark-green, under light-green when fresh, both drying brown,
when young densely pilose on the veins and somewhat between them, when
mature glabrous except for a few hairs on the principal veins; 5- or
7-plinerved, the uppermost pair of nerves extending from one-fourth to
one-third the length of the lamina, additional pairs of veins 9 to 12;
stipules ovate, very shortly acuminate, densely pubescent on the outer
surface except the margins, nearly 1 cm long.

MINDANAO, Province of Misamis, Bliss River, at 1050 m elevation on low land
near river, For. Bur. 4586 Mearns & Hutchinson. Of our species, this is probably
closest to L. densiflora, but in the latter the leaves are larger, more deeply cordate
at the base, the under surface especially on the mid-vein and the inflorescence is

more pubescent while the stipules are glabrous.
Local name (Moro) : sagt.

a OT

486 ROBINSON.

14. Laportea subclausa sp. nov:

Inflorescentiis pistilliferis longis, parce ramosis, floribus in receptaculis
dense stimuliferis, jam carnosis, subclausis, suffultis: foliis longe
petiolatis, chartaceis, oblongo-ellipticis vel late ellipticis, basi emarginatis,
margine integris, apice acutis vel acuminatis, saepe admodum faleatis.

Pistillate inflorescences purple, 25 to 35 em long, sparingly branched,
the rachis usually densely clothed with rather short stinging hairs:
flowers sessile in pale-blue violet or purple depressed-globose receptacles,
which are densely clothed with stinging hairs and at anthesis already
somewhat fleshy, and except at the extreme apex closed over the flowers;
bracteoles lanceolate, acuminate, 3 mm long: perianth-segments 4, nar-
rowly lanceolate, 1 mm long; ovary lanceolate, compressed, 0.8 mm long,
tapering into a stigma of about equal length: fruiting receptacles up to
1 cm in diameter ; achenes ovoid, compressed, nearly smooth,

A shrub 1 to 3 high: leaves with petioles 6.5 to 23.5 em long, the
chartaceous lamina oblong-elliptic or broadly elliptic, 25 to 53 em long,
7 to 23 em wide, the base emarginate or subpeltate, the apex gradually
narrowed to an acute point or somewhat acuminate, often slightly falcate ;
lateral veins on each side of the midrib 12 to 15, strongly ascending,
arched or nearly straight ; upper surface of lamina glabrous, under surface
tomentellose ; stipules (?) broadly lanceolate, 2 em long.

Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mount Maquiling, Merrill 6290 (type), in mossy

forest at 1050 m elevation, Bur. Sci. 9731 Robinson, Phil. Pl. 294 Merrill, in
rain forest at 840 m elevation. Seen also, but sterile, on Mount Banajao.

15. Laportea venosa Elmer Leafl. Philip. Bot. 3 (1910) 878.

Inflorescentiis staminiferis paniculato-cymosis, parce puberulis, 5 ad
8 cm longis, pedunculo 2 ad 3 cm longo, floribus in glomerulis haud
confluentibus dispositis, tetrameris, perianthii lobis late lanceolatis, 2 ad
2.5 mm longis, obtuse acuminatis, ovarii rudimento stipitato, subgloboso,
0.7 mm longo: arbor, foliis alternis, modice petiolatis, laminis chartaceis
saepe obliquis, ovatis, ellipticis, vel oblongo-lanceolatis, 10 ad 22 cm
longis, 4.5 ad 9 em latis, basi subpeltata rotundatis vel angustatis truncat-
isque, margine admodum revoluta subintegris, apice breviuscule acuteque
acuminatis; venis utrinque 7-ad 9 cum reticulatione conspicuis ; stipulis
ovatis, caudatis, dense pubescentibus.

MINDANAO, District of Davao, Mount Buribid, at 1200 m elevation, Elmer 11948. °

The absence of pistillate flowers prevents the inclusion of this species in the
key, but it seems closely allied to JD. luzonensis, differing from it in the much
more conspicuous leaf-venation, the greater protraction of the basal veins and
the more densely pubescent stipules. There are probably other undescribed species
in this herbarium, as yet unrepresented by pistillate material.

Local name: sigmit. ;

The following species, credited to the Philippines by Fernandez-Villar,” have

1

* Noviss, App. (1880) 204.

ee eS |e eC ee

PHILIPPINE URTICACEAE. 487

not appeared in recent collections, and may be represented by some of the pre-
ceding, although we have nothing nearly resembling plate 689 of Wight’s Icones,
cited by him,

1, LAPORTEA DECUMANA Wedd. in Arch. Mus. Paris 9 (1856) 127,
» 2. L. penrata Gaudich. Bot. Voy. Uran. (1826) 498.

4, PILEA Lindl."8

KEY TO THE PHILIPPINE SPECIES OF PILEA,

Leaf-venation pinnate, obscure 200. eco ee oeeeeee eee 1. P. microphylla
Leaves distinctly trinerved or triplinerved.
Prostrate or nearly so: leaves not exceeding 1 em in length, their margins
entire or obscurely sinuiate 20... cececcccecccececceeceeeseeeeeeecccece 2. P. humilis
Erect or at most reclining, leaves longer, the margins serrate or dentate.
Inflorescences distinctly longer than the corresponding petioles,
Cystoliths very conspicuous on both surfaces, rendering the nerves glau-

coscent DAGAGUR 9.........cicw Ree 3. P. benguetensis
Cystoliths inconspicuous or wanting on upper surface, nerves not glau-
cescent,
Leaves chartaceous nota cone cha nnd, aeRs ane RRee Cat MMD AN GE's cos oduacauennsecadsas.s 4. P. monticola
Leaves membranaceous ...0......cccsccscsecealeccseereessossneressessseeee 5. P. melastomoides
Inflorescences not or very slightly exceeding the petioles.
2 (| Ga a neoner >. kre i el 7. P. rigida

Leaves membranaceous.
Transverse veins between costa and nerves conspicuous, reticulations also

conspicuous, —
Stipules over] cm long. .cteteacuse 13. P. sylvatica
Stipules 3 to 5 mm, conspicuous... co.cc 12. P. dataensis

Stipules shorter, inconspicuous.
Leaf-bases acute.

Leaves over 12 em long.........2....--.... desta lbas Rg: gees 6. P. robinsonii
Leaves mever over 8 ciphictse gesciiag sec secs ccca-cscccocsssecceceecoece 9. P. apoensis
Leaf-bases obtuse or cordulate............cccccccccccecccecoececeeeeee 8. P. luzonensis
‘Transverse veins usually very obscure, reticulations always so.
Under surface of leaves glaucous... 10. P. intumescens
Under surface of leaves not glaucous......0.00...00.00..... 11. P. calcicola

Of these, the perianth-lobes of the pistillate flowers are subequal only in P.
sylvatica, P. dataensis, and sometimes in P. monticola, they are unknown in
P. intumescens.

¢e

l. Pilea microphylla Liebm. Vidensk. Selsk. Skr. 52 (1851) 302.

Parietaria microphylla Linn. Syst. ed. 10 (1759) 1308.

Pilea muscosa Lindl. Coll. Bot. (1821) pl. 4.

So very common a weed in at least very many places in the Philippines that it
is rarely collected, the localities shown on the sheets in this herbarium being in
the provinces of Pampanga, Rizal (including Manila), Laguna, Tayabas (including
the island of Polillo), and Albay, all in Luzon, also the islands of Mindanao, Jolo,
and Palawan. However, it is not reported either by Blanco or Fernandez-Villar:
Weddell, in 1869, credited it to the New World only; it is now known also from
India, Ceylon, the Malay Peninsula, and China.

*The name Pilea is antedated by Adicea Raf., but the former is one of the
nomina conservanda of the Vienna Botanical Congress.

yer ee ee eT ih ell Loo “hee” 4

Ce a ae ee —

488 ROBINSON.

2. Pilea humilis sp. nov.

Species P. peploidei (Gaudich.) Hook. & Arn. valde affinis, sed differt
cymis pedunculatis, perianthii pistilliferi lobo intermedio multo latiore.

Cymes glomerulate, borne on peduncles attaining 14 mm in length, but
rarely exceeding 1 cm, and often considerably less especially in the upper-
most axils; flowers of both kinds intermixed in at least some of the
glomerules, the staminate actually found only in the uppermost ones, all
shortly pedicellate, the pedicels varying in length with the age of the
flowers, those of the pistillate roughly 0.5 mm long, those of the staminate
longer: perianth-lobes of staminate flowers 4, oblong-ovate or ovate, 0.8
mm long, cucullate; filaments 1 mm long; anthers white, about 0.5 mm
long: perianth-lobes of pistillate flowers 3, the intermediate oval or
orbicular, 0.7 mm long, sometimes very obscurely serrulate on the margins,
the laterals suborbicular, 0.1 to 0.2 mm long; ovary compressed-ovate,
smooth, somewhat exceeding the intermediate perianth-lobe; stigma
penicillate, very short.

Entirely glabrous: stems weak, reclining, often branching and rooting
at the nodes, but apparently never branching at the base, the branches
ascending, the stems from 4 to 16 cm long: leaves opposite, those of a
pair equal, the petioles 1 to 2 mm long, the lamina membranaceous, or-
bicular, orbicular-ovate, or broadly oval, attaining 1 cm in length but
usually 5 to 6/mm, often shorter, the base rounded or acuminate, the
margins entire or obscurely sinuate, the apex very broadly and obtusely
acuminate; trinerved, other venation very obscure, but 1 or rarely 2 ad-
ditional veins sometimes visible; upper surface with numerous com-
paratively long cystoliths, usually showing also on the under surface,
which is also in many cases sparingly punctate ; stipules inconspicuous.

Luzon, District of Bontoc, Vanoverbergh 761: District of Lepanto, Cervantes
to Balili, Merrill 4457: Province of Benguet, Mount Pulog, Merrill 6510, For.
Bur. 16042, 16046 Curran, Merritt, & Zschokke; Baguio, Elmer 6598. NEGROS,
Canlaon Voleano, Merrill 6912 (type), Phil. Pl. 273 Merrill. ‘

It is with the utmost diffidence that this is separated from P. peploides, especial-
ly in view of the very wide distribution credited to that species (Galapagos Islands
to India), but every description available here indicates it as differing in the

characters above noted; there seem also to be characters in the leaves but these
are small and variable. The Philippine plant is a high-mountain form, ranging

iad
Pa

from 1250 to 2850 m. P. johniana Stapf is also allied, but much less closely to’

either of these species than they are to one another.

3. Pilea benguetensis sp. nov.

Suffruticosa: inflorescentiis axillaribus, laxe glomerulo-cymosis ; flor-
ibus pistilliferis sepalis 3, inaequalibus, ovario verruculoso: foliis parum
inaequalibus, lanceolatis>subcaudatis, saepe falcatis, triplinerviis, dentatis.

Inflorescences axillary, monoecious, 2 to 5 cm long, branched, the
peduncles 1 to 1.5 cm long, and exceeding the petioles, the glomerules
not confluent except at the apex: staminate flowers with 4 sepals 1.5 mm

PHILIPPINE URTICACEAE. 489

long, lanceolate to ovate, with a pracess arising from the dorsal surface

near the apex ; stamens 4, 1mm long, filaments free, very short ; rudiment

of ovary small: pistillate flowers with 3 sepals, the dorsal 0.7 to 1 mm
long, oblanceolate, acuminate, the laterals about half this length, lanceo-
late; staminodes about the same length as the sepals but somewhat
narrower, caducous; ovary elliptic, becoming ovoid in fruit, verruculose,
with the very short, penicillate stigmas about 1 mm long. -

Suffrutescent, more or less branching, 40 to 80 em high, glabrous:

leaves opposite, petioles 4 to 15 mm long, those of a pair nearly equal or

more often distinctly unequal; lamina of leaves of a pair subequal, lan- ,

ceolate, 3.5 to 9 cm long, 1 to 2.2 cm wide, triplinerved, inequilateral, the
base rounded, truncate, or sometimes acute on one side, the margins
dentate-serrate, the apices subcaudate, more often falcate, cystoliths
present on both surfaces ; stipules lanceolate, 1 mm long, deciduous.
Luzon, Province of Benguet, Baguio, Elmer 6304 (type), Williams s. %., For.
Bur. 4837 Curran; Mount Pulog, For. Bur. 16052 Curran, Merritt, & Zschokke.
By description, greatly resembling P. bracteosa Wedd., an Indian species
recently reported from Formosa: through the kindness of W. W. Smith, Esq.,
of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Caleutta, material of the Philippine species has
been compared with Indian material of P. br’acteosa, and found to differ in its
shorter-petioled and less ovate leaves, and its less marked serration.

4. Pilea monticola sp. nov.

Herba vel suffrutex glaber: inflorescentiis axillaribus, in caulibus vel
in ramis brevibus foliiferis suffultis, quam petioli saltem maturis longio-
ribus; florum pistilliferorum perianthio 3-partito, segmentis conspicue
inaequalibus vel subaequalibus: foliis chartaceis vel firmiter membran-
aceis, ellipticis vel ovalibus, quam in specie sequente minoribus et brevius
petiolatis, basi attenuata acutis vel obtusis.

Inflorescences borne in the axils of leaves on the stems or on short
leafy branches, attaining 9 em in length but often much shorter especially
in the apical axils, usually and when mature probably always exceeding
the petioles in length, the peduncles alone of the staminate and at least
sometimes of the pistillate inflorescence exceeding the petiole: perianth-
segments of staminate flowers 4, oval to oblong-ovate, about 1.2 mm long,
apiculate, the filaments and white anthers each about 1 mm long; rudi-
ment of ovary minute: perianth-segments of pistillate flowers 3, the
intermediate about 0.8 mm long, half-inclosing the ovary, the laterals
half as long or more ; staminodes inconspicuous ; ovary obliquely ellipsoid
or ovoid, about 0.6 mm long; stigma capitate-penicillate ; achene gibbous,
nearly smooth, about 1 mm long.

Described by the collectors as herbs or shrubs; about 30 to 40 cm high,
entirely glabrous: leaves opposite, the petioles of those of a pair some-
what unequal, not exceeding 2.5 cm and usually much less, especially on
the branches; lamina chartaceous or firmly membranaceous, elliptic to

ae a Mare ss” 6. ur,
fi

~ white, hes ies
oe ie A ea ee ae ee ee pe a, ©

a eye

490 ROBINSON,

oval, those of a pair equal or subequal, the cauline 5.5 to 10 em long, 1.8
to 4.5 em wide, those of the branches smaller, acute or obtuse at the base,
the margins forming many shallow teeth, the apex forming an acumen
1.5 cm long or less: trinerved or somewhat triplinerved, the transverse
veins between the costa and the nerves numerous, together with the
reticulations conspicuous on at least the under surface ; cystoliths few and
never conspicuous on the upper surface, fairly abundant on the under,
especially on the principal veins; stipules semicircular, 0.5 mm long.

Luzon, District of Bontoe, Vanoverbergh 736, 881: Province of Benguet, Mount
Tonglon, Bur, Sci. 5398 Ramos ; Rio Trinidad, Bur. Sci. 5566, 5553 (type) Ramos;
Mount Pulog, For. Bur. 16045 Curran, Merritt, & Zschokke. These collections
are very similar in general Appearance, yet it is possible that they may hereafter
require segregation, as in some the perianth-segments of the pistillate flowers are
very nearly equal, and these have the leaf-bases acute, the others have the
perianth-segments unequal and the leaf-bases are obtuse: however, there is con-
siderable variation in the comparative length of the perianth-segments in different
flowers in the same inflorescence. The species is fairly closely allied to the
next, but easily distinguished by the different texture of the smaller and shorter-
petioled leaves, and the shorter inflorescences,

5. Pilea melastomoides Wedd, in Ann. Sci. Nat. Bot. IV 1 (1854) 186.

Urtica melastomoides Poir, Suppl. 4 (1816) 223.

Luzon, District of Lepanto, Mount Data, Merrill 4498, 4579: Province of
Benguet, Pauai, Bur. Sci. 4412, 4456 Mearns, Bur. Sci, 8324 McGregor; Pauai
to Baguio, Merrill 4784 ; Mount Tonglon (Santo Tomas), Elmer 6538, For. Bur.
4955 Curran: Province of Laguna, Mount Banajao, Bur. Sci. 9765 Robinson.

The identification is a somewhat doubtful one, though extremely close alliance
is certain. Weddell” says of the species under P, trinervia Wight, to which he
reduced it, that while the peduncles of the staminate inflorescences exceed the
petioles, those of the pistillate do not.. This is not true of the Philippine plants,
as in both cases the petioles are shorter than the peduncles, though themselves
long. Moreover, the cystoliths of the upper surface of the leaves are wanting,
unless they are represented by extremely numerous points very different from
the typical eystoliths of the genus, which are abundant on the under surface. The

collections are quite well represented by Wight’s figure” of Pilea trinervia, and
by that of P. oreophila Miquel.” .

Java, probably also India and Ceylon,

6. Pilea robinsonii Elmer Leafl. Philip. Bot. 3 (1910) sso.

Herba succulenta, glabra, caulibus 1 ad 3 m longis reclinatis: inflores-
centiis pistilliferis quam petioli multo brevioribus; perianthii lobis 3,
valde inaequalibus, intermedio ovarii marginem apice excepta anguste
amplectente, lateralibus multo minoribus subinconspicuis, stigmate
capitellato-penicillato; acheniis compresso-ovoideis, marginem versus
linea granulata circumcinctis: foliis decussatim oppositis, paris petiolis

* DC, Prodr. 16! (1869) 127.
* Ieones 6 (1853) pl. 1973,
** Fl. Ind. Bat. 12 (1859) pl. 17.

PHILIPPINE URTICACEAE. 491

9

inaequilongis, 3 ad 7 em longis, laminis subaequalibus, ovalibus vel
oblongo-ellipticis, 13 ad 17 em longis, basi acutis, margine basi excepta

haud alte serratis, apice acuminatis, acumine gracile, serrato, triplinerviis,
venis transversalibus admodum numerosis cum reticulationibus utraque
pagina conspicuis, utraque pagina cystolithis creberrimis notatis; stipulis
inconspicuis.

Mrinvanao, District of Davao, Mount Apo, Todaya, Hlmer 10487, 11758. Also
closely allied to P. melastomoides, differing from the Philippine plants here so
identified by its larger and differently shaped leaves with conspicuous cystoliths
on the upper surface, and by the much shorter pistillate inflorescences; from
typical P. melastomoides, as described by Blume,” by having somewhat larger and
longer-petioled leaves, which are not trinerved but triplinerved. Weddell describes
the leaves of P. trinervia as trinerved, and they are figured by Wight as such
or very nearly so; in the present species they are very distinctly triplinerved.

Local name: salimbanguin.

‘7. Pilea rigida sp. nov.

Herba: inflorescentiis brevibus quam petioli breves brevioribus vel
paulo longioribus; perianthii pistilliferi lobis valde inaequalibus: foliis
decussatim oppositis, paris petiolis laminisque inaequalibus, his rigide
chartaceis, ellipticis vel anguste ellipticis, basi utrinque subcordatulis,
margine ima basi excepta serratis, apice acuminatis, trinerviis vel sub-
triplinerviis, venis transversalibus numerosis cum reticulatione utraque
pagina conspicuis, cystolithis confertis, conspicuis.

Monoecious, the inflorescences not exceeding 7 mm in length, usually
shorter, the peduncles very short or wanting: staminate flowers in glom-
erules, nearly sessile; perianth-segments 4, oval or ovate, 0.4 mm long,
obtuse and often apiculate; filaments of similar length, anthers small,
immature ; rudimentary ovary nearly circular, small: pedicels of pistillate
flowers very short at anthesis, becoming about 0.5 mm long in fruit, the
intermediate perianth-lobe lanceolate, obtuse, eurved, about 1 mm long,
laterals ovate, acuminate, 0.4 mm long ; ovary and achene gibbous, the
latter smooth, nearly 1 mm long; stigma capitate-penicillate.

A glabrous herb, about 40 cm high, sparingly branched; the internodes
angled when dry, ranging in length from 15 mm near the base to about 7
mm near the apex: leaves of a pair unequal both as regards lamina and
petioles, the latter never exceeding 1 cm in length, the longer more often
about 8 mm, the shorter about 4 mm; lamina rigidly chartaceous, elliptic,
or narrowly elliptic, the longer up to 5.5 em in length and 1.8 em in
width, but more often smaller, the shorter about half the size of the
corresponding longer, very shallowly cordulate on both sides at the base,
the margins regularly serrate, the apex forming a slender serrate acumen ;
trinerved or when seen from below appearing somewhat triplinerved, the

“Mus. Bot. Lugd.Bat. 2 (1856) 565.

492 ROBINSON.

transverse veins numerous, and together with the reticulations and cys-
toliths conspicuous on both surfaces; stipules about 0.5 mm long.
Luzon, Province of Nueva Vizcaya, Mount Dalemdim, at 1500 m elevation,

Bur. Sci. 8181 Ramos. Allied to P. lugonensis Merr., but distinguished by its
shorter internodes, and smaller, shorter-petioled, more rigid leaves.

8. Pilea luzonensis Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 1 (1906) Suppl. 48.

Luzon, Province of Bataan, Mount Mariveles, Whitford 279, 1129, s. n.: Prov-
ince of Nueva Vizcaya, Caraballo Sur, Merrill 227; possibly also Province of
Benguet, Baguio, Elmer 8753; Mount Tonglon, For. Bur, 11101 Whitford.

This species has great general similarity to P. seripta Wedd., but has very
short peduncles, and the leaf-serration extends to the acumen; comparison with
Indian material shows the following ‘distinct difference in the venation. The
veins from the midrib in P. scripta are interruptedly thickened, and at about two-
thirds of the distance to the nerves are united by a somewhat definite though
rather faint vein nearly parallel to the nerves: in P. luzonensis, the veins are of
equal thickness or gradually fainter distally, there is no such connecting vein on
any of the sheets cited except the very doubtful one from Mount Tonglon.

Endemie.

9, Pilea apoensis Elmer Leafl. Philip. Bot. 3 (1910) 882.

Planta succulenta, basi sublignosa, ramosa, glabra: inflorescentiis sub-
centimetralibus vel staminiferis admodum longioribus, his quam petioli
admodum longioribus, pistilliferis brevioribus ; floris pistilliferi perianthii
lobis 3, valde inaequalibus; achenio gibboso, sparse puncticulato: foliis
membranaceis paris saepius inaequimagnis, petiolis inaequilongis, usque
ad 3.5 em sed saepius, praesertim in ramis, multo brevioribus, laminis
membvanaceis, ellipticis vel elliptico-lanceolatis, usque ad 8 cm longis et
3 cm latis, basi acutis, trinerviis vel triplinerviis, margine serrulatis, apice
breviter acuteque acuminatis; stipulis parvis.

MinpANnao, District of Davao, Mount Apo, Todaya, at 1725 m elevation, Elmer
11551.

Of our other species, probably most nearly related to those of the P. melasto-

moides alliance, but not at all closely.
Local name: sogalum.

10. Pilea intumescens sp. nov,

-Subherbacea: inflorescentiis staminiferis brevibus, quam petioli bre-
vioribus, femineis adhuc ignotis: foliis decussatim distichis, petiolis
laminisque admodum inaequilongis, his lanceolatis vel elliptico-lanceo-
latis, basi acutis, apice sensim angustatis vel acuminatis, interdum fal-
catis, marginibus distanter serratis.

Staminate inflorescences not exceeding 2 cm in length, shorter than the
corresponding petioles, the peduncles 1 cm or less, the flowers loosely
glomerulate, shortly pedicellate; perianth-segments 4, elliptic or lanceo-
late, 1.5 to 2 mm long; filaments 2 mm long, anthers cordate, suborbicular,
1 mm long; rudiment of ovary minute.

Probably about 1 m high, the stem, in a dried state, very conspicuously

~ To
ee ek ee

~ 2 at eee

PHILIPPINE URTICACEAE. | 493

angled and annulate, the internodes swollen, about 1 to 1.5 cm long:
petioles of leaves of a pair distinctly of unequal length, the lamina less
conspicuously unequal, the petioles flattened, 1 to 5 cm long, the lamina

lanceolate or elliptic-lanceolate, 7 to 12 cm long, 1.8 to 3 cm wide, the
base acute, the margins shallowly serrate except for a varying distance
from the base, gradually contracted from below or about the middle to a
slender apex or barely acuminate or falcate, membranaceous, both surfaces
most thickly crowded with cystoliths, the under thereby glaucous, trip-
linerved or almost trinerved, the veins connecting the midrib with the
basal nerves usually very obscure, but on other leaves of the same plant
well evident, the inferior anastomoses very inconspicuous ; stipules broadly
triangular, 1.5 mm long, more or less persistent.

Mrinpanao, Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley, Mrs. Clemens 1223. <A very distinct
species, but of uncertain relationship, owing to the lack of pistillate flowers.

. . ¢
ll. Pilea calcicola sp. nov.

Succulenta, tota glabra, caespitosa : monoica, inflorescentiis brevibus:
petiolis inaequalibus, pro rata longiusculis, lamina membranacea, tripli-
nervia, ovata vel late ovata, dentata, acuminata; stipulis parvis.

Monoecious; the inflorescences solitary, more often paired, rarely in
threes, slightly exceeding 1 cm in length or shorter, their peduncles up
to 4 mm in length or flowered to the base, pinnately branching, the flower-
bearing branches more or less fascicled, both staminate and pistillate
flowers borne distichously on articulated pedicels which are slightly
elongated after anthesis and then about 1 mm long: perianth-segments
of staminate flowers 4, oblong-lanceolate, acuminate’ filaments flattened,
dilated toward the base, about 1 mm long, anthers white, suborbicular,
cordate and obcordate, about 0.5 mm in diameter; rudiment of ovary
minute: lobes of pistillate perianth 3, unequal, the intermediate 0.75
mm long, oblong, cucullate, minutely apiculate, the laterals oval to lan-
ceolate, 0.4 mm long, acuminate ; staminodes small; ovary compressed,
somewhat obliquely oval or ovate, 0.7 mm long; stigma very small, sub-
terminal, penicillate ; achene light-brown, strongly tuberculate especially
in the submarginal area.

A succulent, densely cespitose plant, the internodes of variable length
from 3 to 22 mm and about 3 mm in diameter at the base, glabrous
throughout: petioles varying in length from 5 to 28 mm, those of leaves
of a pair distinctly unequal, the lamina less definitely unequal, ovate or
| broadly ovate, not succulent, membranaceous when dry, 14 to 30 mm
long, 11.5 to 17 mm wide, the base emarginate, rounded or greatly

narrowed, the margins with usually 8 teeth, which are somewhat blunt
and at least often glandular, apex acuminate, the smaller leaves rarely
almost entire; triplinerved, the nerves continuing for one-half to more
than two-thirds the length of the lamina, with 5 or 6 slender transverse

.

494 ROBINSON.

veins between them and the costa, these quite inconspicuous when dry ;
both surfaces with numerous cystoliths ; stipules very short, rounded-
triangular.

LUZON, Province of Rizal, Montalban, Bur. Sci. 9529 Robinson (type), Phil.
Pl. 51 Merrill, on limestone cliffs, both collections made at the same time from
the same clump, Loher 6902. ‘

Apparently very closely allied to P. celebica Miq., but Miquel’s deseription is
too vague to permit very positive statement: the present species seems to have
much smaller and shorter-petioled leaves, less conspicuously veined,

12, Pilea dataensis sp. noy.

Humilis, glabra: inflorescentiis quam petioli breves brevioribus ;
perianthio pistillifero haud valde inaequilobato: paris foliis inaequaliter
petiolatis et inaequimagnis, laminis membranaceis, late lanceolatis vel
ovatis, basi obtusis vel truncatis, margine dentatis, apice acuminatis vel
subacutis, trinerviis; stipulis oblongo-lanceolatis, conspicuis.

Pistillate inflorescences not exceeding 5 mm in length, few-flowered :
perianth 3-lobed, the intermediate ovate, very shortly and obtusely acu-
minate, about 0.7 mm long, the laterals of about equal length but wider
and hardly acuminate ; rudimentary stamens sessile, ovate, about 0.5 mm
long; achene compressed-ovoid, nearly 1.5 mm long, densely granular-
roughened.

Low plants 15 em high, or less, entirely glabrous: leaves of a pair un-
equal both as regards petioles and lamina, the former never exceeding 1
em in the larger leaves or 5 mm in the smaller, lamina membranaceous,
broadly lanceolate to ovate, attaining 4 cm in length and 1.5 em in width
but often smaHer, the smaller of a pair about two-thirds the length of
the larger, the base obtuse, rounded, or subtruneate, the margins not
deeply cut into from 8 to 11 usually very obtuse teeth, the apex gradually
contracted and usually forming an acumen from 2.5 to 7 mm long,
trinerved or barely triplinerved, additional veins rather few, usually about
6 or 7, both these and the reticulations fairly conspicuous on both sur-
faces, cystoliths abundant on both surfaces ; stipules oblong-lanceolate,
obtuse, 3 to 5 mm long.

Luzon, District of Lepanto, Mount Data, in mossy forest at 2100 m elevation,
Merrill 4602. Of our species, nearest to the preceding, but easily distinguished
by the stipules, achenes, and in many other ways; differing from the next in

the smaller size of plant and leaves, shorter stipules and petioles and other
characters. Apparently a very distinct species.

13. Pilea sylvatica Elmer Leafl. Philip. Bot. 3 (1910) 879.

Pileae angulatae Bl. (P. stipulosae Migq.) valde affinis, sed differt
inflorescentiis aliquando monoicis, stipulis adhue longioribus (12 ad 20
mm) saepius latioribus, et acheniis tuberculatis.

MINDANAO, District of Davao, Mount Apo, Todaya, Hlmer 11698, 11547.
Local name: sigbut-tala. :

ee i i i ll a.

PHILIPPINE URTICACEAE. 495

Weddell * appears to refer Urtica umbellata Blanco to U. umbellata Bory, on
which his own Pilea umbellata was based: the sign of equality comes at the
extreme end of a line, and the meaning is therefore obscure. Urtica umbellata
Blanco is not a Pilea, but Laportea meyeniana (Walp.) Warb.

5. LECANTHUS Wedd.

Lecanthus peduncularis Wedd. in DC, Prodr. 16" (1869) 164, pro parte.
Procris peduncularis Wall. Cat. no. 4634; Royle Il. Bot, Himal. (1839) pl. 83,
fig. 2, sine deser.

Lecanthus wallichii Wedd. Ann. Sci. Nat. Bot. IV 14 (1854) 187, deser. gen.

exel.; C. H. Wright in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 26 (1899) 480.

Lecanthus wighttt Wedd. 1. ¢., deser. gen. excl., non C. H. Wright 1. ¢.

Klatostema ovatum Wight Ic. 6 (1853) 11, pl. 1985.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Pauai_ to Baguio, Merrill 4776; Pauai, Bur.
Sci. 4375, 4382 Mearns ; Mount Pulog, For, Bur. 16048 Curran, Merritt & Zsehokke.
MINDANAO, District of Davao, Mount Apo, Copeland s, n., Elmer 11512.

The more important points relating to the history of this species are as follows:
Procris peduncularis Wall. Cat. was a nomen nudum, and some of the plants
were of this genus, the others Hlatostema papillosum.* Royle under the name
of Procris peduncularis Wall. definitely figured the Lecanthus of the Catalogue
as having the pistillate perianth equally 4-parted; there was no description, a
note in the Index saying that it had been accidentally omitted. For this infor-
mation, I am indebted to Mr. W. W. Smith, of Caleutta. Royle also figured P.
obtusa, with 3-parted perianth. Hlatostema ovata Wight, 1853, also shows the
4-parted perianth. However, in the succeeding year, Weddell in establishing the
genus Lecanthus described it as unequally 3-parted, and in this he has been
followed by all more recent monographers of the family, and by all workers
except Wright, who found that there were two distinct species, with the pistillate
perianth of the one equally 4-parted, of the other unequally 3-parted. Upon £.
ovatum Wight, Weddell, in 1854, based L, wightii, L. major he based upon £.
oppositifolium Dalz., L. wallichii was based upon the Wall. Cat. citation only,
and is thus a nomen nudum. In the Monograph, Weddell included all under L.
wightii, in the Prodromus under JL. peduncularis, based upon P. peduncularis of
both Wallich and Royle, with P. obtusa Royle and EF, ovatum Wight cited as
synonyms; with varieties 8. wallichii, based on L. wallichii Wedd., and y. major,
based on L. major Wedd. and BE. oppositifolium Wedd. The segregation of species
between the forms with the unequally 3-parted and the equally 4-parted perianth
was made by C. H. Wright, who adopted for the former the name L. wightii
Wedd., citing as synonyms L. peduncularis Wedd. ex ‘parte, FB. ovatum Wight ?,
HB. oppositifolium Dalz. and Procris obtusa Royle; for the latter L. wallichii
Wedd. is used, the synonyms given being L. major Wedd.?, L. wightii Hook. f. ex
parte, L. peduncularis Wedd. ex parte, Procris peduncularis Wall.; Royle.

Wright’s segregation of the species is here followed: his nomenclature is not:
the perianth of the Philippine plants is of the equally 4-parted type.

Weddell considered Procris peduncularis to be published by Wallich, but even
in Royle there is no description, and more common present usage would hold
the name as unpublished until 1869. If considered published, it is for the species
with the 4-parted perianth. The next combination is BF. oppositifolium Dalz., who
makes no reference to the perianth; from Wright’s synonymy, it is the species

2 DC. Prodr. 16% (1869) 67,
** Hook. f. Fl. Br. Ind. 5 (1888) 569,

ae ee eee
. AL

i Bites

,
4

496 ROBINSON.

with the 3-parted perianth. L, wailichit Wedd. in the Annales is P. peduncularis
Wall. and nothing more, why then Weddell should have subsequently separated it
even as a variety from P. peduncularis which is it, with the addition of other
supposed synonyms, may remain a mystery.

But L. wightii can not be used for the species with the unequally 3-parted
perianth: EZ. ovatum Wight is not doubtfully a synonym of L. wightii, but its
sole basis, and as already stated, Wight both figured and described the other type
of flowers.

If Procris peduncularis be considered to have been published by Royle, L.
peduncularis will stand for the species which extends to the Philippines: for the
other, following the synonymy, a new combination will be necessary, based on
Procris obtusa Royle. If not, the oldest name for the former will be obtained
by a transfer of Wight’s specific name: for the latter, again following synonymy,
by a transfer of that of Dalzell. it is the pistillate perianth of the latter alone,
which is described by Weddell, as well as in Genera Plantarum, Die Natiivlichen
Pflanzenfamilien, Flora of British India, and Flora Indiae Batavae.

The only foreign specimen available for comparison here is Henry 9738 A, from
the Province of Yunnan, China: in flower and inflorescence it is an excellent
match for the Philippine plants cited, but it is a much more robust plant with
larger leaves. Further segregation may possibly be necessary, but it must be
reserved for some one who has access to all the types. On the two-species con-
ception, the range of L. peduncularis is at least India and China; the genus
extends from the west coast of Africa to the Society Islands.

6. PELLIONIA Gaudich.

Polychroa Lour. Fl. Cochinch. (1790) 559, has been doubtfully reduced by
Wright to Pellionia, and the description, while not conclusive, presents no
obstacles, as far as it goes, If the two prove the same, Polyéhroa is the older
by 36 years: the case is not covered by the list of nomina conservanda.

KEY TO THE PHILIPPINE SPECIES OF PELLIONIA.

Inflorescences distinctly pedunculate .......-...--------------+-1--1eereees 1. P. mindanaensis
Inflorescences sessile or greatly condensed...........-------------+1+sseseseeeeeeeeeenes 2. P. sinuata

1. Pellionia mindanaensis sp. nov.

Glabra, inflorescentiis pedunculatis, divaricato-cymosis, multifloris ex-
ceptis: perianthii pistilliferi segmentis 5, ovatis, corniculatis; stamin-
odiis subulatis vel vetustioribus latioribus; ovario ovoideo: foliis mem-
branaceis, valde inaequimagnis, margine saepissime grosse dentatis, apice
longiter acuminatis, saepe admodum falcatis.

Dioecious or sometimes monoecious: pistillate inflorescences axillary,
4 to 8 em long, the peduncles 1 to 2 cm long, widely branching, the
flowers on short puberulent pedicels; perianth deeply 5-parted, the seg-
ments somewhat uncqual, ovate, puberulent, acuminate, bearing on the
dorsal surface just below the apex a spur about 1.5 mm long, the longer
segments in all 2.5 to 3 mm long; staminodes 5, subulate, 0.4 mm long,
but on old flowers wider and much longer; ovary ovoid, glabrous, 1.5
mm long; staminate inflorescence similar to the pistillate; perianth

% Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 26 (1899) 482.

PHILIPPINE URTICACEAE. 497

deeply 5-parted, 2.5 mm long, the divisions oblanceolate to orbicular,
their rounded apices bearing upon their dorsal surfaces spurs 0.3 mm
long; stamens 5, filaments 2 mm long, anthers 1 mm long.

‘Glabrous, except the inflorescences, 40 em to 3 m high; leaves with
petioles up to 5 mm in length or shorter or subsessile, alternate but often
with accompanying more lateral than opposite greatly reduced leaves of
varying outline up to 4 mm long, the lamina of normal leaves mem-
branaceous, variable in size and shape, lanceolate, oblong-lanceolate,
elliptic-lanceolate or elliptic-oblanceolate, 3 to 24 em long, 1 to 8 cm
wide, inequilateral and usually oblique, the base acute, entire, the margin
above the middle more often coarsely dentate or with the teeth reduced
or wanting, the apex forming a gradually tapering straight or slightly
faleate caudate acumen; lateral veins 3 to 9; both surfaces with linear
cystoliths.

Mrnpanao, District of Davao, Davao, Copeland 900 (type); Mount Apo,
Todaya, Williams 2634, Elmer 10466: Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley, Mrs. Clemens
407, 430, 8. 1.

Local name: dadar.

Probably more closely allied to the next than to any other previously described
species.

2. Pellionia sinuata Boerl. Handl. Kenn. Fl. Ned. Indie 3 (1900) 375.

Procris sinuata Bl. Bijdr. (1825) 511.

Elatostema sinuatum Hassk. Cat. Hort. Bogor. Alt. (1844) 79.

Elatostema laciniatum Elmer Leafl. Philip. Bot. 1 (1908) 287.

Luzon, Province of Tayabas, Elmer 9196; Atimonan, Whitford 630?. Samar,
Catubig River, Merrill 5205,

The identification is made through comparison with a sheet so named recently
received from the Buitenzorg Botanical Garden, there cultivated, XI B (XIX)
30. No complete descriptions seem to have been published, the species having
been placed by Weddell among those imperfectly known. The Philippine plants
show great variation in leaf-size, but in all essentials seem to be quite the same.

Java, Celebes.

7. ELATOSTEMATOIDES gen. nov.

Pellioniae et Elatostemati affine; inflorescentiis haud involucratis,
saepissime congestis, perianthio pistillifero alte quinquepartito, segmentis
breviter vel haud acuminatis distinguendum: plantis saepe rigidis, foliis
alternis vel uno difforme valde reducto oppositis.

To the extreme difficulty of limiting correctly the species of the Hla-
tostema group, there is added an equally troublesome question regarding
the genera. This has been definitely raised by Hallier,?* who reached
the conclusion that the three genera Pellionia, Procris, and EHlatostema
should be reduced to subgeneric rank under the last. He seems to confuse
two quite different problems, whether there are three such genera with

aceer Ann. Jard. Buitenz, 13 (1896) 300-316, pl. 25-27.
99454——3

te eat eae. ee

=e a aoe ie Se - _ =.

498 ROBINSON.

well defined limits, and whether the limits assigned to them by Weddell
and others are correct. He has been followed by Schumann and Lau-
terbach,?” who have gone so far as to describe a species whose “Bluten
sind leider nicht entwickelt.” The examination of Philippine material
has shown that the problem is a very real one, and the conclusion herein
reached is that these three genera are unusually distinct for the family
and readily recognizable almost at a glance, but that there is a group
whose representatives known to Weddell were by him placed in Hlatos-
tema, though Hallier dealing with nearly allied species found that they
traversed existing definitions and placed them in the subgenus Pellionia,
Boerlage °** later transferring them to the genus of that name. They
are the species included in the genus here proposed as new, with
additions.

Two sets of characters come into the discussion, the nature of the
inflorescence, and that of the perianth of the pistillate flowers. . In
typical Elatostema, both the staminate and the pistillate flowers are
inclosed in: an involucre formed by bracts: in the simplest cases, this
involucre consists of a single outer opposed pair, almost free from one
another or united across their bases; with these alternate two other pairs ;
that is to say, one of these inner bracts is situated within and nearly
opposite the margin of each of the two outer bracts. These four inner
bracts normally incurve at their margins and divide the receptacle into
four parts; bracteoles surrounding the flowers or groups of flowers are
nearly always present. In more complex receptacles, the bracts become
more and more united, and the number may be increased, but in the
staminate, these six bracts can always be traced, in the pistillate it
becomes difficult to trace more than two, or sometimes even one. The
simpler arrangement of bracts is, in general, found in species with slender-
peduncled receptacles, and probably indicates these as the more primitive
forms.

In Pellionia, neither the staminate nor the pistillate flowers are in
receptacles formed by bracts; in one of our species, there is a.tendency,
hardly more, for the pedicels to unite to form a receptacle, much as
happens in the majority of our species of Laportea, but this is obviously
a very different thing from the receptacle of Hlatostema.

Finally, in Procris, the staminate flowers are in glomerules cymosely
arranged, while the pistillate are upon a fleshy receptacle, exinvolucrate,
or at most with a barely projecting rim. It is evident that these three
genera can be positively determined from the inflorescence alone, if both
sets of flowers be available, and that Hlatostema can be distinguished by
either alone: Procris and Pellionia have further a very distinct habit.

The case is strengthened when the pistillate flowers are brought into

* Nachtr. Fl. Deutsch. Schutzgeb. Siidsee (1905) 253-255.
*8 Handl. Kenn, Fl. Ned, Ind. 3* (1900) 345, 346.

PHILIPPINE URTICACEAE. 499

the discussion. In the species here placed in Hlatostema (excepting,
of course, those whose pistillate flowers are unknown), there is always
a pedicel, rarely as much as 1 mm long but usually shorter, at the apex
of which there is a cup-shaped perianth, with very short, rounded lobes,
sometimes ciliate, but this last is a most inconstant character. Ap-
parently these are treated by Stapf °* as staminodes, but this interpreta-
tion would involve the presence of staminodes at the base of an ovary
raised upon a common pedicel, which is quite distinct from anything else
in the family. So far as appearance goes, they might well be staminodes,
the lobes are in most cases about 0.1 mm long, and number 3, they are
often so little defined that it is difficult to be certain of the number,
which may appear to be 2 or 4: in one case it was definitely 4 in flowers
from a receptacle in which others were as definitely 3. This perianth
is always present, and usually merely invests the extreme base of the
ovary, rarely it reaches one-third or even one-half of the length of the
latter; in two species, flowers were found whose perianth appeared quite
typical, but on closer inspection, it proved that the lobs were infolded
and that when outspread they were nearly as long as the achene, but this
was of so little importance that other flowers in the same receptacles
were quite typical. Staminodes, in such flowers, must be conspicuous
unless extremely minute: I have probably not found them in any species,
though in a very few cases minutes spots were seen adhering to the base
of the ovary: in F#. stracheyanum, Weddell describes them as longer
than the perianth.

In Pellionia, the pistillate perianth is 4- or 5-parted, usually about
as long as the ovary but sometimes distinctly shorter, and its divisions
are further terminated by a spur of similar length. This spur varies
slightly in its position, even in a single flower, being usually distinctly
dorsal just below the apex of the wider sepals, or separated from the
apex by a minute rim, or quite terminal: it is superficially the most
conspicuous thing in the flower. ;

In Procris, the perianth is so deeply parted and widely spreading that
it becomes mechanically very difficult to allocate its divisions to the
corresponding ovary or achene; these divisions are 3 or 4, as long as the
ovary or considerably shorter than it, and always lack the spur of
Pellionia. They can not be mistaken for those of either that genus or
still less of Zlatostema, indeed they more nearly resemble those of some
species of Pilea. Staminodes are probably wanting.

If this were all, no generic difficulties should arise. But Weddell
included in Elatostema a very few species, of which 2. manillense Wedd.
may be taken as typical, in which the inflorescence is often very con-
densed but not contained in a bract-formed receptacle, where the pistillate
perianth is 5-parted, at the most very shortly acuminate, and where short

7? Trans. Linn. Soc. Bot. IT 4 (1894) 231.

eee aT ae ' T = be T= Te ws

5OO ROBINSON.

staminodes are present. Field as well as herbarium experience has
testified to the accuracy of this statement regarding the involucre, though
the specimens so seen were immature. If these are retained in L/atos-
tema, no one character is left upon which to maintain the separation of
the genera. Furthermore, if Androsyce is kept as a subgenus instead of
a genus, the best of all the characters is lost.

It is significant that in Weddell’s enumeration of the species of
Elatostema in the Prodromus, writing there with his fullest knowledge
of the plants, the only species definitely recorded as having a 5-parted
pistillate perianth is 2. rostratum Miq., to which he there reduced #. ma-
nillense as a variety. He states that he had seen only staminate flowers of
the latter: how very accurately he interpreted its alliance is shown by the
fact that our sheet of Cuming 786, on which it was based, has pistillate
flowers, and they have the inflorescence and perianth of FZ. rostratwm.
In other words, they have a very distinctive habit. There is little room
for doubt that the very group under consideration is responsible for the
exception made by Weddell in his statement of the number of perianth-
divisions in Hlatostema.

The group, which occasioned Hallier’s difficulties, is similar but
somewhat different, for no one of the 6 Bornean species described by
him under his subgenus Pellionia is typical of the genus of that name.
The pistillate flowers are described in 3 species as in capitula, or “subcapi-
tatim, congesti,” the perianth is 5-parted: the other species are clearly
in the same alliance. But these differ from the #. manillense group in
that the staminate inflorescence is long-pedunculate, though the flowers
are not collected in an involucrate receptacle. We have a similar case in
Merrill 5269, from Bueas, an island northeast of Mindanao. The dif-
ference seems no more serious than that between the sessile and peduncled
receptacles of Hlatostema, or between the lax and the condensed cymes
of different species of Pellionia. In these aberrant cases, the pistillate
inflorescence is so condensed that it has the appearance of a receptacle,
but the most ordinary care is sufficient to show that none is present.

Neither of these two groups can be placed in Elatostema, as they lack
its two distinctive characters, though they most nearly resemble it in
habit, while sufficiently distinct even in that. If existing definitions are
to be followed, they more nearly go into Pellionia, and it may well be
a matter of opinion whether the conception of that genus should be
enlarged to include them, in which case they would make a distinct sub-
genus with two definite divisions, or whether it is better to place them
by themselves. The latter course has here been followed, owing to the
distinctive perianth, the greater condensation of at least the pistillate
inflorescence, and the different habit.

There is another consideration of a somewhat different nature. There
is much temptation to consider Procris the most primitive genus of the

PHILIPPINE URTICACEAE. 5O1

four, with its simple pistillate perianth, absence of involucre, and its few
species distributed over a wide area, these more difficult to limit specifically
even than the horde belonging to Hlatostema: but the receptacle points
in the opposite direction. On the other hand, it would be no great
transition for the condensed cyme of Hlatostematoides to pass into the
receptacle of Procris, or the looser cyme of Pellionia, the pistillate perianth,
intermediate between that of Procris and of Pellionia might develop in
either direction; from any point of view, VJatostema is the most distinct,
but the most probable origin would be through Procris. Should the
common ancestor of all four be now extinct or still to be discovered, then
it is more probable that Hlatostematoides lies between it and Pellignia.

The staminate flowers, as distinguished from the inflorescence, afford
no characters: an unfortunate statement in the Pflanzenfamilien,*?
referred to by Hallier, that those of Pellionia are “3teilig,” does not
assist. It may well have been a typographical error: at any rate, it is
not true.

While the present discussion is based chiefly upon Philippine species
and the descriptions of those of other countries, the courtesy of the
Director of Agriculture, Buitenzorg, has enabled me to examine speci-
mens of 5 of the 6 Bornean species to which reference has been made.

The type of Hlatostematoides is Elatostema manillense Wedd.

KEY TO THE PHILIPPINE SPECIES OF ELATOSTEMATOIDES,

Staminate inflorescences sessile or shortly pedunculate.
Strongest nerve of at least the narrower side of leaves inserted well above base.

Leaves large, at least 12 cm long............ beep tia 1. EB. manillense
Leaves small, not exceeding 10 em.............-.------------- Sines eaies 2. E. mindanaense
Strongest leaf-nerves basal or subbasal.
Leaves 2.5 to. Ofr Wide .....n2..:ccahagitbecttesese atop on nncene ce ecennentaneen=encaroeming 3. H. laxum
Leaves not exceeding 2 cm in width........-...-.-----------------neseeeeeeeeeees 4. B. rigidum
Staminate inflorescences on long slender peduncles.............------.-------- 5. E. gracilipes

1. Elatostematoides manillense (Wedd.) comb. nov.

Elatostema manillense Wedd. in Ann. Sci. Nat. Bot. IV 1 (1854) 189.

Elatostema rostratum var. manillense Wedd, in DC, Prodr. 16* (1869) 179.

Luzon, Province of Cagayan, Pamplona, Bur, Sci. 7495 Ramos: Province of
Tayabas, Cuming 786; Infanta, Bur. Sei. 9345 Robinson, PoLtLLo, San Francisco,
Bur. Sci. 6942, 6943 Robinson. PANAyY, Dumarao, Merrill 6710. MINDANAO, Prov-
ince of Misamis, Bliss River, for. Bur. 4698 Mearns & Hutchinson: Subprovince
of Butuan, Waloe, Merrill 7283. It is hardly too much to say that no one of
our collections referred to this genus is an exact match for any of the others, the
specimens cited for this species differing in the extent of the pubescence, and more
or less in the shape and serration of the leaves, the Mindanao plant being the
most distinct. The character used in the key, taken fiom the venation, seems
natural, and at once separates the species from H. rostratum.

Elatostema polioneurum Hallier f. is a very close ally of this species, differing

8 31: 108.

‘memes

4

eee ee ee PS a ee ‘ . | ES re
:

502 ROBINSON.

from some of the collections here cited less than they differ from one another. If
the present disposition of the Philippine plants were considered final, the Celebes
species would be cited as a synonym: but for the venation, its resemblance to BE.
lawum is equally great.

‘

2. Elatostematoides mindanaense sp. nov.

Inflorescentiis staminiferis brevibus, cymoso-paniculatis, pistilliferis
exinvolucratis, sessilibus, perianthio 5-partito ovarium paullo superante:
foliis oblique oblanceolatis vel elliptico-oblanceolatis, basi inaequilatera
acutis vel subobtusis, margine serratis, apice longiter acuminatis.

Staminate inflorescences axillary, less than 1 em long, eymose-panicu-
late, shortly peduncled, the pedicels abput 2 mm long; perianth-segments
oblong-oblanceolate, 2 mm long, obtusely and shortly acuminate, ciliate ;
the filaments slightly longer, the anthers 1 mm long: pistillate inflores-
cences axillary, often crowded, exinvolucrate, simulating a receptacle,
2 to 3.5 mm if diameter; the flowers on pedicels about 1 mm long;
perianth deeply 5-parted, the segments broadly oblanceolate, 0.7 to 0.8
mm. long, barely acuminate or corniculate, pilose and somewhat densely
ciliate ; staminodes present but minute; ovary compressed-ovoid, slightly
shorter than the perianth; achenes tuberculate ; stigma small, penicillate.

Plants somewhat rigid, 13 to 40 em high, simple or somewhat branched,
the stems somewhat densely pubescent especially at the apex: leaves
alternate, the petioles 1 to 8 mm long, the lamina obliquely oblanceolate
or elliptic-oblanceolate, 3.5 to 10 cm long, 6 to 25 mm wide, chartaceous
or firmly membranaceous, the base inequilateral, one side usually pro-
duced beyond the other, acute or subobtuse, the margins dentate except
at the base, the apex forming a slender dentate acumen 5 to 20 mm long;
main nerve of the wider side arising about 1 mm from the base and only
obscurely connected with the succeeding 4 or 5 veins the lowest of which
are equally prominent; main nerve of: narrower side arising 5 to 10 mm
from the base and continued into the acumen, with a much fainter subbasal
nerve which forms frequent connections with it; under surface pubes-
cent at least on the veins, upper glabrous, both with numerous cystoliths ;
stipules 4 to 7 mm long, linear-lanceolate, very acutely acuminate.

MrnpDAnao, District of Davao, Catalonan, Copeland 935 (staminate), 936 (pis-
tillate, type). The staminate plants are larger with larger leaves.

3. Elatostematoides laxum (Elmer) comb. noy.
Elatostema lawum Elmer Leafl. Philip. Bot. 2 (1908) 465. :

| . . . . . . “fw *.
Inflorescentiis haud involucratis; staminiferis brevibus; pistilliferis

globosis, sessilibus sed haud receptaculum efformantibus, floribus pedicel-

latis, bracteatis, perianthio alte 5-partito, segmentis lanceolatis vel
oblanceolatis, usque ad 1 mm longis, non vel brevissime acuminatis, apice
aliquando ciliatis, ovario subaequalibus, staminodiis minutis, stigmate
penicillato: foliis alternis, oblique lanceolatis vel ovatis, basi obtusis vel

PHILIPPINE URTICACEAE. 5038

uno latere acutis, margine basi vel usque ad medium excepta dentatis
vel serratis, apice longiuscule et subfaleatim acuminatis, e basi trinerviis.

NEGROS, Province of Negros Oriental, Cuernos Mountains, Elmer 10337 (type
collection) : Province of Negros Occidental, Himugaan River, Whitford 1584.
Leyte, Palo, Elmer 7270. Neither of the other collections is a perfect match for
the type. °

This, on vegetative characters, is very close to Hlatostema mesargyreum
Hallier f., as represented by a sheet of the type collection, the only notable dis-
tinction being the presence of very greatly reduced subopposed leaves on the
Bornean plant. It is pistillate, and as only the staminate inflorescence and
flowers were described by Hallier, it is worth stating that the pistillate are quite
as here described for Elatostematoidds. Both of the Philippine collections, other
than the type, are staminate: the inflorescence is a condensed cyme, very different
from that described and figured by Hallier for #. mesargyreum.

The alliances are very accurately stated in the original description, as it is more
closely allied to Elatostema rostratum Migq. than to the other Philippine species.
Comparison with Javan material shows it to differ in the much coarser reticula-
tion of the less numerously toothed leaves.

4, Elatostematoides rigidum (Wedd.) comb. nov.

Elatostema rigidum Wedd. in Arch, Mus, Paris 9 (1856) 320.

SAMAR, Cuming 1674. NeGRos, Province of Negros Occidental, Himugaan River,
Whitford 1655. Cuming’s specimen having been staminate, it should be added
that the pistillate inflorescences are sessile, exinvolucrate, the perianth 5-parted,
not mucronate, but ciliate, exceeding the ovary, and that staminoles are present.
The Negros collections are an excellent match for the cotype.

5. Elatostematoides gracilipes sp. nov.

— Inflorescentiis staminiferis in pedunculis longiusculis gracilibusque
suffultis, aliquando parce ramosis, glomerulis parvis, paucifloris, exinvol-
ucratis; inflorescentiis pistilliferis sessilibus, parvis, exinvolucratis, per-
ianthio alte 5-partito, achenio subaequali: foliis alternis, firmiter mem-
branaceis, lanceolatis ad oblanceolatis, basi obtusis vel uno latere acutis,
margine supra medium dentatis, apice acuminatis. .

Staminate inflorescences on slender pubescent peduncles usually 15
to 25 mm long, usually bifurecate and sometimes further divided, the
glomerules up to 3 mm in diameter, bracted at the base but not truly
inyolucrate, pedicels short, bearing a whorl of bracts below the flowers:
perianth-segments 5, oblong-ovate, 0.8 mm long, ciliate: pistillate in-
florescences sessile, greatly condensed but not forming a receptacle,
exinvolucrate; perianth deeply 5-parted, the segments linear-lanceolate,
0.8 mm long, barely acuminate but with a tuft of cilia at the apex;
staminodes minute; ovary compressed, ovoid, nearly as long as the
perianth ; stigma short, penicillate.

Suffrutescent, about 50 em high, the stems distinctly woody, widely
branching, especially toward the apices densely pubescent : leaves ‘alternate,
subsessile, the lamina membranaceous but firm, lanceolate to oblanceolate,
sometimes broadly, 2 to 4 em long, 8 to 13 mm wide, rarely opposed by

=—

504 ‘ROBINSON.

similar but greatly reduced leaves, obtuse or sometimes on one side acute
at the inequilateral base, the margins above the middle shallowly serrate
or dentate, the apex forming an obtuse mucronate acumen ; upper surface
glabrous but with conspicuous cystoliths, the under densely fulvous-
pubescent on the veins with less conspicuous cystoliths; main nerve of
the narrower side arising about 5 mm from the base, of the wider about
1mm from the further-produced base ; stipules acicular from a triangular-
ovate base, in all about 6 mm long.

Bocas, on cliffs in semi-shaded ravines at 15 m elevation, Merrill 5269. Allied
to the Bornean species, as already indicated, but not at all to be confused with
any of them.

The following extra-Philippine species are referable to this genus.
1, Elatostematoides thibaudiaefolium (Wedd.) comb. noy.

Elatostema thibaudiaefolium Wedd. in Ann. Sci. Nat. Bot. IV 1 (1854) 188.

Hlatostema rostratum Miq. in Zoll. Syst. Verzeichn, (1854-1855) 102, non
Hassk. Cat. Hort. Bogor. Alt. (1844) 79.

The synonymy follows both Weddell and Miquel,” each accepting the other’s
name in preference to his own. The ruling of the Vienna Congress that an older
name has to be valid in order to preclude its later use, would introduce additional
complications. Again following both Weddell and Miquel, Elatostema rostratum
Hassk. is the same as Procris rostrata Reinw. ex Blume Bijdr, (1825) 510, which
they both reduce to Pellionia elatostemoides Gaudich. Freye. Voy. Bot. (1826)
pl. 119. If the reduction is correct, Blume’s name is the oldest for that species,
but whereas he cites Javan localities only, Miquel credits the species to the
Moluccas only, while Weddell also omitting Java though saying that he had seen
the species in Mus. Lugd.-Bat., ascribes the plant to the Moluccas, New Guinea,
Fiji, and the Marquesas. A reéxamination of the collections is necessary before
displacing Gaudichaud’s name.

2. Elatostematoides pictum (Hallier f.) comb, nov.

Elatostema (Pellionia) pictum Hallier f. Ann. Jard, Buitenz. 13 (1896) 300.
Pellionia picta Boerl. Handl. Kenn. Fl. Ned. Ind. 3? (1900) 375.

3. Elatostematoides robustum (Hallier f.) comb. nov.

Elatostema (Pellionia) robustuwm Hallier f. 1. c. 302, pl. 25, fig. 2.
Pellionia robusta Boerl. 1. ¢.

4. Elatostematoides vittatum (Hallier f.) comb. nov.

Hlatostema (Pellionia) vittatum Hallier f. 1. ¢. 303, pl. 26, fig. 1.
Pellionia vittata Boerl. 1. c.

5. Elatostematoides insigne (Hallier f.) comb. nov.

Hlatostema (Pellionia) insigne Hallier f. 1. ¢. 304, pl. 26, fig. 2.
Pellionia insignis Boer]. 1. c.

6. Elatostematoides mesargyreum (Hallier f.) comb. nov.

Blatostema (Pellionia) mesargyreum Hallier f. 1. c. 305, pl. 27, fig. 2.
Pellionia mesargyrea Boerl. 1. e.

= Fl, Ind.. Bat. 17 (1859) 242.

se ee ee

PHILIPPINE URTICACEAE. 505

7. Elatostematoides falcatum (Tallier f.) comb. nov.

Elatostema (Pellionia) faleatum Tallier f. 1. c. 305.
Pellionia falcata Boerl. 1. ¢.

8. Elatostematoides machaerophyllum (lIlallier f.) comb, nov.

Elatostema (Pellionia) machaerophyllum Uallier f. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 6
(1898) 355.!
Pellionia machaerophylla Boerl. 1. ce.

9, Elatostema polioneurum Hallier f. ex Koord. in Meded.’s Lands, Plant. 19
(1898) 595; Boerl. Handl. Kenn, Fl. Ned Ind, 3! (1900) 375, nomen nudum.

No new combination is here proposed, both because the species does not seem
to have been described, and because of its close alliance to H. manillense, under
which it is briefly discussed. The statements, here are not based on Hallier’s
type, but on a collection by Teysmann, from Amboina, which the Director of
Agriculture, Buitenzorg, has kindly permitted me to inspect.

8. PROCRIS Commers, ex Juss.

KEY TO THE PHILIPPINE SPECIES OF PROCRIS.

Leaf-venation very obscure, except the conspicuous costa.
Receptacles about 5 mm in diameter; leaves rarely as much as 2 cm wide.
1. P. philippinensis
Receptacles 7 to 15 mm diameter; leaves wider ; . 2. P. lagunensis
Leaves conspicuously 6- to 11-veined.
Stems woody at base; leaves 10 to over 20 cm long, their margins entire or
merely undulate; pistillate receptacles sessile..............-.. 3. P. pseudostrigosa
Stems succulent; leaves usually shorter, their margins distinctly crenate.
4, P. crenata

1. Procris philippinensis sp, nov.
Procris laevigata Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 1 (1906) Suppl. 49, non Bi.

Bijdr. (1825) 508.

Glomerulis staminiferis pedunculatis; capitulis pistilliferis sessilibus,
solitariis: foliis oblique lanceolatis vel anguste oblongo-lanceolatis, basi
acutis vel uno latere obtusis, venis utrinque costa excepta inconspicuis.

Staminate inflorescences 6 to 30 mm long, the slender peduncles up to
2 cm long, sparingly branched, few-flowered, the flowers very shortly
pedicelled; perianth-segments 5, oblong to ovate, 2.5 mm long, obtuse;
filaments equally long, inflexed, anthers 1 mm long, cordate: pistillate
inflorescences sessile, solitary, when dry about 5 mm in diameter, the
flowers very numerous, sessile, bracted; perianth 3-parted to the very
base, the sepals obovate, contracted below into a claw, obtuse, very
shortly acuminate, nearly as long as the achene; achene obovoid, 1.2
mm long, tuberculate ; stigma short, subterminal.

Erect or scandent on trees, glabrous, stems succulent, 30 to 80 mm
long, the internodes in the leaf-bearing part about 1 cm long, often
distinctly zigzag: larger leaves with petioles 2 to 8 mm long, the lamina
succulent but drying membranaceous or chartaceous, 4 to 9 cm long, 6
to 22 mm wide, obliquely narrowly lanceolate, oblong-lanceolate or

4

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Nps, eta id Malia A a a aaa lhe

al i ek ie oie a i ee eS - tae ae ee
t m .

506 ROBINSON,

oblanceolate, acute or sometimes on one side obtuse at the usually
distinctly inequilateral base, the margins entire or more rarely toothed
near the apex, which is contracted into a slender or only comparatively
wide obtuse falcate acumen up to 2 cm long; smaller leaves often present
and opposite or nearly opposite the larger, narrowly elliptic or elliptic-
lanceolate, 2 to 4 mm long; costa distinct, especially on the under surface, |
mature leaves at the most barely showing the lateral veins; both surfaces
with cystoliths; stipules short, triangular, obtuse.

Luzon, Province of Bataan, Mount Mariveles, Merrill 3884 (type). PoLtLyo, -
Aluyon, Bur. Sci. 9246 Robinson. The first grew ereet on cliffs at an elevation of
1000 m, the second was scandent, but almost at sea-level. The species seems quite

distinct from P. laevigata in its sessile and solitary pistillate inflorescences, as
well as by the obscure leaf-venation.

2. Procris lagunensis sp. nov.

Praecedenti similis, sed differt capitulis pistilliferis multo majoribus,
usque ad 15 mm diametro et foliis oblongo-ellipticis, saepius latioribus.

Staminate inflorescences similar to those of the preceding species:
the pistillate sessile, solitary, 7 to 15 mm in diameter when dry, the
flowers very numerous, sessile; perianth parted almost to the base, the
segments 4, oblong-lanceolate, about 0.7 mm long; achenes about 1 mm
long, obovoid, hardly compressed ; stigma short.

Plants glabrous, scandent on tree, the upper internodes strongly zigzag:
petioles 3 to 6 mm long, the succulent lamina oblong-elliptic or oblong-
lanceolate, 6 to 11 cm long, 21 to 38 mm wide, acute on both sides of the
inequilateral base, the margins entire, the apical acumen obtuse and
less than 1 cm long; lateral veins at most barely visible, perhaps 6 to 8
pairs.

Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mount Maquiling, at an elevation of 200 m, Bur.
Sci. 9687 (type), Bur. Sci. 9718 Robinson, gathered a few weeks apart from
different plants epiphytic upon the same tree; these will be further duplicated by

collections of students of the Philippine Agricultural College, made on the same
occasions. Closely allied to the last, from which it may prove not to be separate.

3. Procris pseudostrigosa Elmer Leafl. Philip. Bot. 1 (1908) 284.

Arbuscula, saepe epiphytica, glabra: inflorescentiis staminiferis 4 ad
10 cm longis, cymoso-paniculatis; capitulis pistilliferis sessilibus, multi-
floris, perianthii segmentis 4, fere usque ad basin liberis, oblanceolatis,
circiter 1 mm long, ovarium subaequantibus: foliis modice petiolatis,
oblongis ad oblanceolatis, basi inaequilatera acutis vel subobtusis, apice
acuminatis, venis utrinque 7 ad 11.

Luzon, Province of Laguna, San Antonio, Bur. Sei. 10949 Ramos: Province
of Tayabas, Lucban, Hlmer 7500 (type collection). Nraros, Canlaon Voleano,
Merrill 6910. MINdANAO, District of Davao, Mount Apo, Elmer 10746: Lake
Lanao, Camp Keithley, Mrs. Clemens 330, s. n., (possibly) 744: Subprovince of
Butuan, Waloe, Merrill 7284. The type, which was staminate, is well matched
by the Apo and some of the Lanao specimens, which are both staminate and

|

PHILIPPINE URTICACEAE. 5O7

pistillate. Others of the Lanao collections are less typical. The species is
allied to P. pedunculata (Forst.) Wedd., but seems to differ from it in several
characters. TJeysmann 13980, from Papepekong Bonthain, Celebes, bearing a
name of Hallier’s, which does not seem to have been published, is very similar
to this, differing so far as the material affords means of comparison chiefly by
somewhat smaller leaves. The Butuan plants have the leaf-veins up to 17 in
number and conspicuous stipules, but otherwise agree well with the type.

4, Procris crenata sp. nov.

Tota glabra, caule succulento, tumefacto: receptaculis pistilliferis
pedunculatis; perianthio admodum inaequaliter trilobo: foliis submem-
branaceis, ellipticis vel anguste oblongis, basi obtusis, apice acuminatis,
margine crenatis, venis utrinque 6 ad 8.

Pistillate inflorescences solitary or in fascicles of 2 to 4, the peduncles
when mature up to 6 mm long, when dried 0.5 to 2.5 mm in diameter,
the receptacles about 4 mim in diameter, rather many-flowered, not
surrounded by bracts but with bracts among the flowers; perianth some-
what unequal, one lobe suborbicular, about 0.3 mm long, the other two
ovate, rather shorter; achene about 1 mm long, broadly elliptic to ovate
in outline, tuberculate.

Plants from less than 20 cm to over 45 em high, the stem very succulent
and swollen, when dried 3.5 to 7 mm wide: leaves alternate, the petioles
3 to 5 mm long, the dried lamina submembranaceous, elliptic, elliptic-
lanceolate, or narrowly oblong, 4.5 to 15 em long, 8 to 45 mm wide,
distinctly or only slightly inequilateral at the base, the margins crenate,
the crenations about as many as the veins, the apex contracted into an
acumen, usually obtuse, about 7 to 10 mm long; lateral veins on each
side of the midrib 6 to 8, conspicuous, other venation inconspicuous
except for a few veins nearly parallel to the primary ones.

Luzon, District of Bontoc, Bauco, at 1400 m elevation, Vanoverbergh 635 (three
collections). The species seems very distinct, more nearly allied to P. pseudo-
strigosa Elmer than to any of our others, but differing from it in almost every
character not of generic importance except the venation. The receptacles have

even a superficial resemblance to those of Leucosyke, the perianth is remarkably
short for the genus, resembling that of Pilea.

SPECIES EXCLUSAE,

1. Procris ERECTA Blanco Fl. Filip, (1837) 707.

Conocephalus erectus F.-Villar Noviss. App. (1880) 203.

Procris grandis Wedd. in Arch. Mus. Paris 9 (1856) 337.

Conocephalus grandifolius Warb. in Perk. Fragm. FI, Philip. (1904) 167.

Even from the description, it is sufficiently clear that Blanco’s species is a
Conocephalus, the local name cited makes it certain. Villar’s transfer, the name
not being preoccupied, must stand unless the species be found synomymous with
one of older date. The difficulty is to positively identify it; but the only notable
obstacle I can find to the above disposition is that Blanco says that the leaves
are villose on both surfaces. This is not true of herbarium specimens here, though
some are pubescent on the under surface. But there are so many points of

ee eae ee ee SC lhc ee ee Pp oS ~ ee

eee ee ele

5O8 ROBINSON. |

agreement, that until Conocephalus is very critically studied, Conocephalus gran-
difolius Warb. may be held to represent OC. erectus (Blanco) F.-Villar.

Proeris grandis Wedd. was based on Cuming 1730, from Samar, but wrongly
localized as from New Guinea until Rolfe’s correction:® the specimens were
staminate. Both from the description, and from the comparisons made at Kew
by Mr. Merrill, it has been very strongly suspected of being a Conocephalus, and
this opinion has been confirmed by a recent examination of the type, made at
Kew, though no opinion is expressed on the reductions here suggested, owing to
the lack in that herbarium of type material of the other species.

2. Procris vioLacka Blanco FI. Filip. (1837) 706. —

Conocephalus violaceus Merr. in (Philip.) Bur. Govt. Lab. Publ. 27 (1905) 80.

CO. ovatus Tréc. in Ann. Sci. Nat. Bot. IIT 8 (1847) 88.

C. suaveolens F.-Vill. Noviss. App. (1880) 203, non Blume Bijdr. (1825) 484.

The second name should stand for this species.

’ 9, ELATOSTEMA Forst. +

The original generic description of Hlatostema apparently was drawn,
according to the statement of the authors themselves,** from one plant,
and the genus was placed in Monoecia Pentandria. They describe or
perhaps rather indicate, at least they name two species. The first is
Elatostema pedunculatum, the second F. sessile, and the only distinction
given, apart from that contained in the specific names, is that the former
is pentandrous, the latter tetrandrous. By all authors of the last half-
century and more, the former is regarded as a Procris, the latter has
only too much history in Hlatostema as now understood. The generic
description, “Cor. quinquepartita . . . Stam. Filamenta quinque,” un-
fortunately leaves no doubt as to which of the two must be considered
the type of the genus. The figure of the staminate flower shows it as
pentamerous: those of the pistillate flowers are quite inconclusive, being
correct for the ovary of either Procris or Elatostema, but showing no
perianth, which both possess; the figure of the flowering pistillate recep-
tacle is perhaps better for Hlatostema, that of the fruiting is surely taken
from the Procris. The name, drawn from the elastic stamens, would be
appropriate for either. On any logical interpretation of generic types,
Hlatostema is typified by Procris pedunculata (Forst.) Wedd., which
would necessitate a transfer of the comparatively few species of Procris
to Llatostema, while for the genus now known under the later name it
would be necessary to take up Langevaldia Gaudich. The generic names
are here retained according to traditional usage.

Some notes as to the characters of specific importance in the genus may
be useful, the limits having previously been discussed under Llatoste-
matoides. Historically, venation has probably played the most important
part, and there can be no doubt of its value. The great .difficulty in its

use is the extent to which it may vary upon the same plant, never

* Journ. Bot. 23 (1885) 215; Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 22 (1886) 229.
*® Forster, J. R. & G. Char. Gen. Pl. (1776) 105, 106, pl. 58.

Ve

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Tre
> AS

—

PHILIPPINE URTICACEAE. 509

essentially, but in such a way as to make it an extremely difficult thing
to describe in exact terms, and with rare exceptions it is quite unsuited
to the requirements of a key. It is probable that the final ultimate line
of separation will be made on the nature of the staminate receptacles.
These show a gradual increase in complexity, with increasing coalescence,
but have a definite typical structure, which it is often difficult to follow in
the more complicated species, but which seems always to be present.
This is the presence of an outer pair of opposed bracts, each having at
each margin and interior to them another bract, the latter more often
infolded and inclosing the flowers: in addition to these 6 outer bracts
there may be and in the majority of cases are others. As regards the
peduncles, the evidence of Philippine species is that they furnish good
characters, but have to be handled with discretion. One type possesses
very slender peduncles of varying length, but usually comparatively
long: in other cases some of the receptacles are sessile with others on
the same plant shortly peduncled. In the latter cases, the explanation
is often merely that of age, in others the difference is real, but such pe-
duncles are usually comparatively stout, due no doubt to the fact that
the plants or at least the receptacles are of large or more than average
size. The fact that one plant has peduncled staminate receptacles while
another otherwise alike has sessile pistillate ones, is of no distinctive
value at all: about half of our species have peduncles to the staminate
receptacles, while they are found for the pistillate in only a very few
species.

The bracts of the receptacles are nearly always more or less keeled,
rarely almost forming a wing: this keel in a majority of cases becomes
free at or below the apex of the bract, and the free portion may protrude
well beyond the apex of the bract itself. This is often a very striking
character in the field, but is more difficult to use in the herbarium, and
is open to two qualifications. It is not unusual for the outer bracts to be
very definitely corniculate, and the inner to show this to a much less
extent: and the great difficulty is with the species where short spurs are
present but hardly extend beyond the general outline of the bract. Again,
it is in the staminate receptacles that this is best shown. The flowers
seem valueless, except that the pistillate indicate the genus with precision.
The staminate develop successively, accordingly in even the fewest-
flowered receptacles, it is often possible to find one on a long pedicel, one
or two more subsessile and smaller, others minute. ‘he pistillate are
practically monotypic, except that the achenes often develop striae, but
these may not be shown by ovaries from the same receptacle. The pres-
ence of the two kinds of receptacles on the same or different plants is of
no systematic value: it is possible to look over hundreds of plants of a
species with only one kind, then to find others with both. Statements
in the text should be interpreted in this light. Some species of which

Paetaiw ets

ae ee eee ae er Re

510 ROBINSON.

many individuals have been collected have only one kind, but it is probable
that every species may be both monoecious and dioecious. In one case,
both kinds of flowers were found in one receptacle, but this was not even
true of other receptacles on the same plant: a few species are known with
both kinds of receptacles at the same node, in: the only case of this seen
in Philippine plants, the next nodes had one kind only. The terminal
Bos acumen is regularly used and although it is often possiblé to find on the
same plant some leaves where it is well developed and others whose apices
are nearly obtuse, it is often useful. The serrations in a great majority
of species vary on the same leaf, the lower being very acute, the upper
various: yet they are very useful in separating species by the eye: the
stipules are very useful, but are deciduous in many species; the cystoliths
‘ are often but not always very characteristic. The following key, intended
partly as an aid to field-study and partly to indicate the real differences
between the species, has been framed in part on somewhat artificial
characters: these have not been used except when they seemed to separate
species otherwise distinct. In citing affinities, the difficulty is to de-
termine from description which characters are of greater importance,

KEY TO THE PHILIPPINE SPECIES OF ELATOSTEMA,

1. Staminate receptacles borne on slender peduncles, unknown in FB. obovatum and
j FP. variabile, at least their outer bracts corniculate, or in FB. glaucescens and
R. delicatulum distinctly acuminate, in H. carinoi not corniculate,
2. Plants erect or creeping only at base; leaves medium-sized, only smaller
‘ leaves of a plant or leaves of reduced plants as short as 4 em, usually 7
to 10 em long, or even more.
3. Staminate bracts corniculate.
4. Stems entirely glabrous.
5. Leaves ovate to ObOVAtE...........cceccposssesececeecossescsasnsceyesoravecs 1. EB. luzonense
5. Leaves narrowly oblong or oblong-lanceolate........ Pee oe 2. BH. variabile
4. Stems pubescent.
5. Apical leaf-tooth lanceolate or ovate, forming a distinct acumen, basal
auricle short, not overlapping stem... 9. EB. simulans
5. Apical tooth triangular or much wider than long, hardly or not ex-
tending beyond general leaf-outline; basal auricle wide, overlapping

PI ana iiss cians cis ys PNT dvii sectvnre nse 10. EF. obovatum
3. Staminate bracts not corniculate 2.0.02. .0.....c0ccecccesccoceeecoee cose sesees 28. EB. carinoi
2. Creeping plants.
3. Leaves medium-sized, 7 to 11 em long........0.......2..--- 3. B, longipedunculatum
[ 3. Leaves small, only occasionally as much as 4.5 em long, never caudate-
acuminate.

4. Stems retrorsely spinulose or tuberculate; venation pinnate.
4. EB. pinnatinervium
4. Stems glabrous or obscurely retrorsely pilose; leaves triplinerved.
5. Leaves oblanceolate to obovate... 20.0... cceeceecceeceeeeeeeseseseseen 5. BH. filicaule
5. Leaves lanceolate to ovate........... t eo ae 6. HB. inaequifolium
4. Stems antrorsely pilose or setose; leaves triplinerved, except partly in
HE, heterophyllum and E. cheirophyllum.

|

PHILIPPINE URTICACEAE. 511

5. Upper surface of leaves with numerous evident cystoliths.
6. Stems rather densely pubescent; upper surface of leaf channeled by
principal veins; stipules lanceolate, aciculate.. 7. E. heterophyllum
6. Stems less densely pubescent; leaf-surfaces plane; stipules oblong
to oblong-lanceolate, obtuse or apiculate.......... 8. B. cheirophyllum
5. Upper surface of leaves destitute of conspicuous cystoliths.
6. Staminate receptacles rather few-flowered, bracts with slender acu-
mens; leaf-serrations very obtuse...........2.....-..---- ll. #. delicatulum
6. Staminate receptacles often many-flowered, bracts with rather short
thick acumens; leaf-serrations acute or subacute 12. H. glawcescens
1. Staminate receptacles sessile or on short stout peduncles, unknown in several
species; pistillate receptacles sessile or subsessile, except in E. whitfordii.
2. Plants weak, creeping.
B: SCCINS « PIR DEOUGC 2-252. 02<. tee. ee.: Saree SIE eere tie 2A oh ace 13. EB. pulchellum
3. At least the apex of the stem pubescent.

4. Leaves 4- to 6-plinerved, lower side strongly auricled at base, very
slightly or not overlaping costa; vein-anastomoses frequent, con-
Spicuous On Upper SUIfACe.......--.-------c-neceeeecereeeeceeeceeeceeees 14. EB. acrophilum

4. Leaves triplinerved, both sides acute at base or lower slightly auricled;
anastomoses inconspicuous or wanting.

5. Serrations small, 2 to 5 on a side, only the very smallest leaves entire
or 2etoothed 2. 2:.:. 5 ee ee ethene s- ree 15. B. microphyllum

5. Leaves entire or with a single subapical tooth on one or both sides.
16. H#. oblanceolatum
4. Leaves quite or almost penninerved, one side of base acute, other rounded,

whole margin more numerously serrate.............-.....- 17. 2. philippinense
4. Base of wider side of leaf obliquely projecting across petiole and semi-
hastate toward mMaTTOWeY. SIGG 72... af oo ano: 22.202. o.senseere-nnne- 18. H. hastatwm

2. Plants erect or suberect, stems usually more or less succulent, never woody.
3. Outer bracts of staminate receptacles distinctly corniculate, spurs project-
ing well beyond outline of bract.
4, Plants unarmed; leaves gradually contracted into a slender acumen.
5. Leaves very definitely triplinerved.
6. Stems glabrous.
7. Stipules linear-lanceolate, very acute, 4 to 7 mm long.
19. EB. viridescens
7. Stipules broader and less acute, 10 to 15 mm long.
20. EH. banahaense

6. Stem-apex and leaves pubescent or even scabrous.
7. Stipules lanceolate, over 1 em long.

8. Leaf-teeth acute, crowdeds.227,25:,...-....0-.........- 21. H. palawanense

8. Leaf-teeth coarser, spreading, more widely separated.
22, H. lagunense
7. Stipules 3 to 6 mm JONg.......---bsceceecceeeeeeeee 28. H. lanaense

5. Leaves almost or quite penninerved. .
6. Cystoliths minute, inconspicuous except on veins of upper surface;
whole leaf-margin with fairly deep obtuse teeth.
17. B. philippinense
6. Cystoliths linear, conspicuous but hardly crowded, serrations shal-
lower, more acute, wanting at base................-.+-2- 24. HB. scriptum
4, Stems, margins and veins of under surface of leaves with abundant
stingless bristles; leaves abruptly acuminate............ 25. HB. spinulosum

/

612 ROBINSON.

3. Outer bracts of staminate receptacles not or very slightly corniculate.
4, Leaves pinnately veined; pistillate receptacles peduncled.
26. EB. whitfordit
4. Leaves triplinerved; pistillate receptacles sessile or subsessile.
5. Leaves distinctly acuminate.
6. Stems glabrous or somewhat pilose at the apex.

. 7, Stipules large, at least 4 mm long, often much more,
8. Basal leaf-auricle very strongly developed....:........... 27. H. edule
8. Basal auricle not or not strongly developed stevia ve 28. H. carinoi
: 7. Stipules inconspicuous, 1.5 to 2.5 mm long........ 29. EB. angustatum

6. Stems densely pubescent, at least at the apex.
7. Mature leaves chartaceous or subchartaceous; teeth on wider side
rarely as many as 15,
8. Upper leaves usually greatly narrowed; stipules persistent.
30. EH. apoense
8. Upper leaves similar to rest; stipules less persistent.
31. EB. longifolium
7. Mature leaves membranaceous; marginal teeth more numerous.
8. Stem-pubescence retrorse ...c..ccceecccecccceeeceeeseee 32. HB. plumbeum
8. Stem-pubescence antrorse 1....... 000... ceeeseeeeeee eos 33. EB. contiguum
5. Leaves not or barely acuminate; stems pubescent.
6. Leaves not variegated, upper surface with crowded cystoliths,
7. Venation coarser, on wider side usually continuous, marginal

teeth about 20............ basco ce scan nope been 34. HB. obtusiusculum
7. Venation delicate, usually not continuous, marginal teeth usually
a anne ie Joe ER: AR a Os 35, EF. brongniartianum

6, Leaves variegated ; upper ‘sutface with scattered cystoliths or none.
; 36. EF. variegatum
-. Plants erect, the stems woody or nearly so.
3. Terminal leaf-tooth short, merely continuing the general outline of the

leaf-apex.
4. Leaf serrate nearly to the narrowed base, teeth on wider side usually
S| Se Re eae ES a Oe A EE 37. E. benguetense
4. Leaf-teeth above middle, none to 4 on the wider side, which, is not con-
PraCted AL DASE -5......<..c-ccececscsevteosece pian epsinacescsaeene tem 38. HL. podophyllum

3. Leaves distinetly acuminate.
4. Stipules not exceeding 4 mm long.
5. Pubescence of stem and veins of under surface of leaves appressed;
marginal teeth almost always 2............ ons dieehnceeaneee 39. FB. halconense
5. Pubescence longer and more spreading; teeth more numerous.
6. Veins of wider side 3 or 4, teeth 5 or 6, rarely found below middle

OF Teak aos aadcoe aaa . 40. BE. sublignosum

6. Veins of wider side 5 or 6, ‘teath: 9 te. 14, Gehcatheg below middle of

eM ee a ees Ps Ee SN Sk 41. HE. baruringense

4. Stipules at least 7 mm (0 «|: A Pn MER: wm 42. FB. integrifolium

1. Staminate receptacles on long basal or subbasal peduneles...... 43. FE. scapigerum

1, Elatostema luzonense sp. nov.
Receptaculis staminiferis graciliter pedunculatis, bracteis corniculatis,

floribus tetrameris: receptaculis pistilliferis pedunculatis vel sessilibus:
foliis siccis membranaceis, lanceolatis ad obovatis, basi acutis ad rotun-

|
|

a MM al ae

_——en

s

ea
.

PHILIPPINE URTICACEAE. 513

datis, margine tertia inferiore parte excepta dentatis, apice breviter vel
mediocriter acuminatis.

Staminate receptacles on slender peduncles usually about 15 mm but
up to 56 mm in length, the receptacles up to about 8 mm in diameter but
usually smaller: outer pair of bracts semicircular, free from one another
except at the base, distinctly corniculate, 3 to 4 mm long, glabrous or
more or less short-pilose, the next pairs shorter and less corniculate,
suborbicular; bracteoles linear-oblanceolate, pedicels varying with age,
the flowers when fully mature exserted; perianth very deeply 4-parted,
the segments ovate to lanceolate, about 2 mm long; filaments of equal
length, the anthers about 1 mm long: pistillate receptacles sessile or on
short peduncles, solitary, paired, or even fascicled, oblong to orbicular in
outline, up to 8 mm in their greatest diameter, the outer bracts similar
to those of the staminate but strongly fused with one another and the
inner, being free only at the corniculate apex, inner lanceolate; bracteoles
oblanceolate, ciliate; flowers shortly pedicelled; perianth about 0.1 mm
long, with 3 rounded lobes; achene about 0.7 mm long, brown, longitud-
inally striate; stigma penicillate.

Erect, except at the base, the stems single or especially in somewhat
drier situations tufted, simple or much less often branching, 10 to 50
em high, glabrous but marked with cystoliths: leaves alternate or very
rarely opposed by others greatly reduced, the dried lamina membrana-
ceous, lanceolate to obovate, the size and probably somewhat the outline
varying according to the habitat, the upper nearly always much larger
than the lower, from 1 to 9 cm long, 7 to 33 wide, most often near
the average of these figures, also with some still smaller, the base inequi-
lateral, on the broader side rounded or subauriculate, on the narrower
acute to subobtuse, the margins except in the basal third or less on the
wider and farther on the narrower side somewhat coarsely dentate, the
teeth from 6 to 9 on the wider and rather fewer on the narrower side,
usually obtuse except the lowest, the terminal tooth from broadly ovate
to narrowly lanceolate, continuing the general outline of the leaf or
distinctly acuminate, usually obtuse, both surfaces often sparingly pilose,
marked with cystoliths, triplinerved, with 3 to 5 additional veins, the
finer reticulations usually very inconspicuous; stipules lanceolate to
linear-lanceolate, 1.5 to 3 mm long.

Luzon, District of Bontoe, Bauco, Vanoverbergh 829: Province of Benguet,
Baguio, Elmer 6574: Province of Pampanga, Mount Arayat, Merrill 4218: Prov-
vince of Rizal, Montalban, Bur. Sci. 6135 (type), 9531, 9532, 9544, 9652 Robinson,
Phil. Pl. 264 Merrill; Bosoboso, For. Bur. 8360 Ahern’s collector, Bur. Sei. 1096
Ramos; San Francisco, Marave 33; Malapadnabato, Bur. Sci. 12127 Ramos, Bur.
Sci. 11843 Robinson.

The Malapadnabato collections, made in bulk, have greatly strengthened faith
in the value of pedicelled staminate receptacles as a valid character, but indicate

994544

;
j
i

514 ROBINSON.

the opposite for the pistillate. They have further completely linked together
what had seemed to be two distinct species. A further possible result of Ramos’
find is that this may solve the puzzle of Dorstenia pubescens Blanco, as Malapad-
nabato is only separated from Pasig by the river: the habit stated by Blanco is
still an obstacle.

The species approaches the polymorphic Indian 2. surculosum Wight, many of
whose variations it parallels, But the subopposed reduced leaves so characteristic
of that species are very rare in HL. luzonense, being found on about 5 per cent of
perhaps 400 plants examined for the purpose, and even in these it was normal
on three stems (not plants) only, on the others confined to one or two nodes:
moreover the leaves are more often not glabrous, although this is best seen on
fresh material. As H. luzonense seemed to come even closer to H. sikkimense
Clarke, material then considered very representative was sent to Calcutta, and
Mr. W. W. Smith, to whom I am greatly indebted for this and much other
valuable assistance, considered it sufficiently distinct, B. sikkimense being two to
three times larger, with the leaves larger, quite glabrous, and. much more dis-
tinctly acuminate, and with very long peduncles. The more recent collections
have shown EH. luzonense to be still nearer to EF. sikkimense than originally sup-
posed, but I still consider it distinct.

A collection not above cited, Bur. Sci. 1095 Ramos, Bosoboso, Rizal, has the
stems densely substrigose, but has no staminate receptacles, so that a definite
opinion is deferred: so far there seems nothing but the pubescence to prevent its
inclusion in H. luzonense. EH. lanaense is very similar in habit, but differs in
several ways.

2. Elatostema variabile sp. nov. (Plate I, Vol. VI.)

Receptaculis pistilliferis sessilibus, mediocribus, bracteis marginem
versus solum liberis, triangulari-lanceolatis vel triangulari-ovatis, corni-
culatis vel acuminatis; floribus typicis: foliis membranaceis, difformibus,
saepissime anguste oblongo-lanceolatis, sed etiam oblanceolatis vel oblongo-
ovatis, margine integris, vel irregulariter obscureque undulatis, vel
obscure vel subgrosse dentatis, saepe basim versus lobatis, subpinnatinerviis
vel triplinerviis.

Pistillate receptacles sessile, attaining 1 cm in diameter, the bracts fused
except toward the margins, the outer nearly similar to the others, trian-
gular-ovate to triangular-lanceolate, free for about 2 mm, ciliate on the
margins, bracteoles, linear-oblanceolate, 2 mm long, densely ciliate;
perianth minute, 3-lobed; achene ellipsoid, about 0.8 mm long, about
8-striate.

Plants erect except at base, 20 to 50 cm high, the vegetative parts
glabrous: leaves subsessile, the lamina when dry thinly membranaceous,
from 10 em long and 15 mm wide to 2.5 em by 13 mm, extremely
variable, most often narrowly oblong-lanceolate, but also narrowly lance-
olate, oblong-ovate, or obovate, the costa straight or curved, the base
distinctly inequilateral, farther produced on the wider side, rounded,
obtuse, or subobtuse, the margins entire, or obscurely and irregularly

avy, Shallowly or for the size of the leaf coarsely serrate, the teeth
numbering from 1 to at least 10, the distance of the lowest tooth from

z

ees by Fear? fF a oe CS a a” ee yee ee, ee ee é ee SO BH
“. t ¢ fh . be ok “Tt ees 8 ee

PHILIPPINE URTICACEAE. 515

the base varying from 7 to 35 mm, the lowest tooth of the broader side
often projecting beyond the general outline so that the leaf appears lobed,
the teeth usually extremely shortly acuminate, the apex never projecting
beyond the general outline of the leaf, but contracted at each of the apical
2 or 3 teeth when these are present, in entire leaves gradually tapering,
minutely apiculate, except for this the terminal tooth varying in shape
from narrowly lanceolate to semicircular; sometimes definitely tripli-
nerved, but the nerves, especially on narrower leaves except the lobed ones,
little longer than the succeeding veins, the arched connections forming
a distinct lateral vein; both surfaces with fairly long cystoliths: stipules
lanceolate, acute, 2.5 to 4 mm long, deciduous.

Luzon, District of Bontoe, Bauco, in forests at 1650 m elevation, Vanoverbergh
828. The specific name is descriptive, even for Hlatostema, it being difficult to
characterize the leaves in words that would not include half the species of the
genus. Staminate receptacles have not yet been collected, but it is very probable
that the alliance is with the species with which it is here placed, having peduncled
receptacles with corniculate bracts.

3. Elatostema longipedunculatum Elmer Leafl. Philip. Bot. 3 (1910) 886.

Repens, ramosum: inflorescentiis staminiferis pedunculis gracilibus
sparse pilosis 1 ad 3 cm longis suffultis; bracteis exterioribus orbiculari-
ovatis, inaequalibus, 3 ad 5 mm longis, corniculatis; floribus pentameris,
perianthio corniculato, dorso sparse piloso, ciliato: inflorescentiis pistil-
hiferis sessilibus; bracteis exterioribus lanceolatis, 2 mm _ longis, ciliatis
cum aliis interioribus corniculatis, his pilosis; floribus adhue juvenilibus:
foliis brevissime petiolatis vel subsessilibus, oblique oblanceolatis vel
ellipticis, 7 ad 11 em longis, 2 ad 2.7 em latis, basi obtusis vel uno latere
acutis, margine basi excepta admodum grosse dentatis, apice in acumen
dentatum subbicentimetrale productis, triplinerviis, venis utrinque 4 ad
6 subtus antrorse pilosis, aliter glabris vel obscure pilosis; stipulis
lanceolatis, acuminatissimis, 6 ad 8 mm longis.

MinpANnao, District of Davao, Mount Apo, at 1,800 m elevation, Elmer 11593.

4. Elatostema pinnatinervium Elmer Leafl. Philip. Bot. 1 (1908) 286.

Caespitosum, suberectum vel subdecumbens, 5 usque ad 25 em altum,
caulibus subretrorse tuberculatis: imflorescentiis staminiferis pedunculis
3 ad 6 mm longis suffultis, paucifloris, bracteis exterioribus corniculatis:
inflorescentiis pistilliferis sessilibus; bracteis corniculatis; perianthio
minuto: foliis submembranaceis, oblanceolatis ad obovatis, superioribus
saepissime longioribus, 1.5 ad 2.5 em longis, 6 ad 15 mm latis, pin-
natinerviis, venis dentibusque utrinque 5 ad 9.

Luzon, Province of Tayabas, Lucban, Elmer 9193 (type collection) ; Anoling
River* (Infanta), Bur. Sci. 9323 Robinson, the former pistillate, the latter a
slightly more delicate plant with staminate flowers also,

Very distinct from any other described Philippine species, but it is probably
the closest alliance of Bur. Sct. 9195 Robinson, from Mount Malulud, Polillo,

ae ee ee ee ee ee a rs a ae —— =) eo Rey Poe

516 ROBINSON.

sterile, with extremely variable leaves, the terminal linear-lanceolate, 6 to 7 cm
long. ‘The further relationship is also obscure, but they may well approach
nearest to the very imperfectly known FH. filicoides Seemann, of Fiji.

5. Elatostema filicaule sp. nov.

Repens, caulibus gracilibus, glabris vel apice obscure retrorse pilosis:
receptaculis staminiferis pedunculis gracilibus suffultis, paucifloris, brac-
teis corniculatis ; receptaculis pistilliferis ignotis: foliis parvis, membrana-
ceis, oblique oblanceolatis ad obovatis, basi latere inferiore subauriculatis,
latere superiore acutis, margine dentibus 1 vel 2 obtusis instructis.

Staminate inflorescences solitary, on slender, glabrous peduncles 1 to
2.5 cm long; receptacles 2 to 4 mm in diameter; outer pair of bracts
lance-ovate, including the spurs about 3.5 mm long, ciliate along the
midvein; inner pairs much smaller, less than 2 mm long, elliptic-lan-
ceolate, apiculate; flowers few (4 to 6), shortly pedicelled, very unequal
in size, the perianth-segments 4, orbicular, of the largest about 2 mm
long, the dorsally placed spur nearly 1 mm long; filaments about 1 mm
long, the anther-cells 1.5 mm long, free except near the insertion: pis-
tillate receptacles unknown.

A slender, creeping plant, simple or less often sparingly branched, the
stems mostly 10 to 20 cm long, glabrous or toward the apex with scattered
reflexed hairs: leaves subsessile, the lamina membranaceous, obliquely
oblanceolate or obovate, 2 to 12 mm long, 2 to 6 mm wide, the lower
frequently reduced, the upper margin acute at the base, nearly straight
and forming one subapical tooth, the lower margin produced into a short
rounded auricle at the base, 1- or 2-toothed, the apical tooth of the leaf
broadly rounded or barely apiculate, margins of the sinuses often over-
lapping at least at their bases; the upper surface more or less pilose and
with fairly numerous, comparatively long cystoliths, the under surface
glabrous except rarely along the veins, and destitute of cystoliths;
triplinerved, additional veins on each side 1 or 2; stipules linear-lanceolate,
about 1 mm long.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Pauai, in mossy forest at about 2100 m elevation,
Merrill 6621. Among Philippine species, resembling only the next two, E.

inaequifolium being easily distinguished by the different shape of the leaves, and
B. heterophyllum by the very different dentation and-the pubescent stems.

6. Elatostema inaequifolium Elmer Leafl. Philip. Bot. 3 (1910) 887.

Repens, simplex vel ramosum, glabrum, 10 ad 20 em longum: in-
florescentiis staminiferis pedunculis gracilibus 5 mm ad 1 ecm longis
suffultis, 3 mm diametro, paucifloris, bracteis exterioribus orbiculari-
ovatis, acuminatis, brevissime corniculatis, floribus tetrameris: inflores-_
centiis pistilliferis sessilibus, 2.5 mm diametro, bracteis exterioribus-
oblongo-lanceolatis, parce ciliatis, brevissime corniculatis; perianthio
obscurissime trilobato, minuto; ovario compresso-oblanceolato, leviter
striato: foliis subsessilibus, membranaceis, lanceolatis vel ovatis, valde

i.)

PHILIPPINE URTICACEAE. 517

¢

inaequimagnis, 2 ad 20 mm longis, 1 ad 8 mm latis, basi obtusis vel
rotundatis vel latere angustiore acutis, lateris latioris margine 2- vel 3-
dentatis, angustioris 1- vel 2-dentatis, apice in acumen obtusum integrum
protractis, tri-triplinerviis, lateris angustioris nervo basal, latioris ad-
modum altius inserto, venis paucis tenuissimis; stipulis inconspicuis.

MINDANAO, District of Davao, Mount Apo, at 1725 m elevation, Hlmer 11545.
This is allied to the last, and has also much the appearance of H. microphyllum
and #. acrophilum, whose staminate receptacles are unknown so that they may
belong rather With the present species than with the group in which they are
placed. From all three, it can easily be distinguished by the leaves.

7. Elatostema heterophyllum sp. nov.

Repens, radicans, caulibus dense pilosis: receptaculis staminiferis
pedunculatis, paucifloris, bracteis exterioribus corniculatis: receptaculis
pistilliferis sessilibus: foliis parvis, discoloribus, submembranaceis, obo-
vatis vel ovalibus, marginibus grosse vel modice 1- vel 2-dentatis vel in-
tegris.

Apparently always dioecious: staminate receptacles upon slender, suc-
culent, glabrous peduncles 2.5 to 15 mm long; bracts almost free, the outer
pair suborbicular, 3.5 to 4 mm long, the conspicuous keel produced into
a spur, pilose on the spur, densely so on and near the margins, and
sparingly between; the intervening two pairs shorter and proportionally
narrower, otherwise similar ; flowers 6, on glabrous pedicels up to 2.5 mm,
subtended by a single oblanceolate bracteole about 2.5 mm long, densely
ciliate at the apex and sparingly so on the margins; perianth-segments
4, oval, one or more of them spurred, about 2 mm long, sparingly pilose
near the apex; filaments flattened, about 2 mm long, anthers less than 1
mm long: pistillate receptacles sessile or subsessile (peduncles not over
0.5 mm), 3 to 4 mm in diameter; formed by 12 or more nearly similar
bracts, free except at their bases, oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, 2 mm long,
densely ciliate on the margins; young flowers shortly pedicelled ; perianth
minute, sometimes ciliate; ovary 0.4 mm long; stigma penicillate.

Slender, creeping plants 6 to 12 em long, the stems densely ferruginous-
or white-pilose y leaves subsessile, the lamina almost chartaceous, strongly
or slightly inequilateral, in general outline obovate or orbicular, 1.5 to 17
mm long, 1.5 to 9 mm wide, the base on the upper side rounded or some-
what acute, on the lower extending about 1 mm beyond that of the upper,
forming an auricle, overlying the petiole and sometimes slightly project-
ing on its upper side, entire on both margins, on the upper only, or on
neither, the teeth of the upper margin never more than one, of the lower
margin usually one, but sometimes two, in size ranging from mere dis-
continuity to coarse teeth 2 mm wide, the margins of the sinuses, the
extreme base excepted, making about a right angle with one another,
leaf-apex nearly always rounded except on leaves dentate on both sides,
then forming an ovate or lanceolate acumen, obtuse or subacute; upper

Ce a an eer

—

ee EE eee

518 ROBINSON.

surface dark-green, sparsely pilose especially near the margin or nearly
glabrous, marked with conspicuous cystoliths, the under surface pale-
green, setose on the principal veins, lepidote but destitute of cystoliths ;
more or less triplinerved, but on the lower side the nerve little longer or
even shorter than the 1 or rarely 2 more apical veins, the nerve of the
upper side usually definitely longer than the single succeeding vein;
stipules lanceolate, about 1 mm long.

NeeGrRos, Canlaon Voleano, in forests at 900 to 1200 m elevation and on cliffs
and boulders in damp shaded ravine at 1320 m, Merrill 6911.

8. Elatostema cheirophyllum sp. nov.

Repens, radicans, caulibus pilosis: receptaculis staminiferis pedun-
culatis, paucifloris, bracteis exterioribus corniculatis: receptaculis pisti-
liferis sessilibus: foliis parvis, submembranaceis, obovatis, marginibus
1- ad 3-dentatis vel rarissime integris.

At least sometimes monoecious: staminate receptacles upon slender
glabrous peduncles 6 to 7 mim long; bracts about 3 mm long with short
subapical spurs, glabrous or obscurely ciliolate, the outer nearly orbicular,
the apex broadly rounded or subtruncate, the inner pairs lanceolate ;
flowers about 6, pedicels of different lengths in same receptacle, probably
attaining 3 mm in length; perianth-segments 4, oblong to ovate, the
outer 1.5 mm long, corniculate, the inner somewhat shorter: pistillate
receptacles sessile; bracts lanceolate to ovate, pilose, shortly corniculate
or acuminate, about 1.5 mm long; pedicels about 0.5 mm long, perianth-
segments 3, ovate, obtuse, a little exceeding 0.1 mm in length; achenes
brown, in outline oblong-oblanceolate, about 0.6 mm long.

A creeping, rooting plant, with pilose stems usually a little less than
10 em long: leaves with petioles 1 mm long or less, the submembranaceous
lamina obovate, usually 8 to 13 mm long and 4.5 to 7 mm wide, but many
much smaller, the base of the upper side acute, that of the lower extend-
ing beyond the upper, hardly forming an auricle, rounded or almost
acute; smaller leaves often entire or nearly so, but the larger with 1 or 2
teeth on the upper margin and 2 or 3 teeth on the lower, the teeth coarse
for the size of the leaf, the general directions of the sinuses making an
angle of from 10 to 45 degrees, the apical teeth obtuse, the lower often
acute, the terminal tooth oblong to ovate, very obtuse or barely acuminate ;
upper surface with conspicuous cystoliths, the lower lepidote, pilose on
the veins, without cystoliths; triplinerved, but the nerve of the lower side
little longer than the succeeding, additional veins 1 or 2, rarely 3; stipules
oblong or oblong-oblanceolate, nearly 2 mm long, subpersistent, obtuse or
apiculate.

Nereros, Province of Negros Occidental, Himugaan River, Whitford 1595 Whit-

ford & Everett. A species closely allied to the preceding, with which future
collections may possible unite it, but in general appearance much more nearly

Al eal al oad ak ab

PHILIPPINE URTICACEAE. 519

resembling HE. pulchellum, a glabrous species with sessile male receptacles, The
leaves of EF. cheirophyllum, except in the cuneate base, have much resemblance to
a hand with short stubby fingers.

9. Elatostema simulans sp. nov.

Basi solum radicans, caulibus rigidiusculis, densiuscule setosis: recep-
taculis staminiferis pedunculis -gracilibus glabris suffultis, paucifloris ;
bracteis exterioribus liberis, corniculatis: receptaculis pistilliferis ses-
silibus, bracteis exterioribus numerosis, liberis; perianthio minuto: foliis
chartaceis, admodum_ parvis, oblique oblanceolatis ad obovatis, margine
ima basi excepta dentatis. | :

Monoecious or dioecious: staminate receptacles white, yellowish when
dry, 2.5 to 5 mm in diameter, borne on glabrous peduncles 8 to 20 mm
long, outer pair of bracts free from one another, orbicular, about 4 mm
in length, ciliate on the apical half of the margins, the strong dorsal keel
produced into a short spur hardly overtopping the bract; succeeding two
pairs of bracts obovate, 3 mm long, with less definite keels and spurs,
otherwise similar to the outer; bracteoles several, similar to the bracts
but narrower; flowers few, on glabrous pedicels ultimately about 2 mm
long; perianth-segments 4 or 5, suborbicular, the dorsal spur almost as
long and sometimes pilose ; filaments and anthers each about 0.6 mm long:
pistillate receptacles sessile, 2 to 3 mm in diameter, the bracts nearly or
quite free, numerous, stellately arranged, the outer pair ovate, 1.5 mm
long, the inner narrower, all more or less pilose, acuminate; flowers
shortly pedicelled ; perianth minute; ovary ellipsoid, about 0.5 mm long,
the penicillate stigma long-pilose.

Creeping at the base, but the stems erect or suberect, not exceeding 1
mm in diameter but almost woody, simple or very rarely branched except
at the base, quadrangular, densely setose toward the apex, below glabres-
cent: leaves shortly petioled, the lamina chartaceous, obliquely oblan-
ceolate to obovate, + to 43 mm (usually 15 to 25 mm) long, 3 to 20 mm
wide, the base of the upper side narrowed, rounded at its insertion on
the petiole, the lower side of the base produced about 1 mm below the
upper, forming a short auricle; both margins cut from shortly above the
base into from 9 to 13 teeth, or on small leaves fewer, even to 3 or 4, the
lower teeth acute, the upper obtuse but apiculate, the sinuses acute, the
terminal tooth ovate, 2 to 3 mm long; the upper surface glabrous but
crowded with conspicuous cystoliths, the under surface destitute of cys-
toliths but setose or pilose on the veins; stipules ovate, 2 mm long,
acuminate. c

Luzon, Province of Nueva Vizcaya, Bayombong, Bur. Sci. 8145 Ramos: Prov-
ince of Laguna, Los Baiios, Hallier s.n. A plant with great superficial similarity
to species of the H. sessile group, but sharply distinguished by its slenderly
peduncled male receptacles,

520 | ROBINSON.

10. Elatostema obovatum Wedd. in Ann. Sci. Nat. Bot. IV 1 (1854) 190;
Arch. Mus. Paris 9 (1856) 326; DC. Prodr. 16' (1869) 188; Vidal, Rev. Pl.
Vase. Fil, (1886) 256.

Luzon, Province of Laguna, Calauan, Cuming 628. This is probably not the
type collection. In the original description, there is no reference to locality or
collector; in the Monograph (Archives), Cuming 52 is alone cited, but that
number is a fern, Polypodium dolichopterum, Copel.; in the Prodromus, the cita-
tions are “Callery, Cuming, n. 52 et 628:” Vidal separates this as Cuming 628
and Callery 52. 1 believe that he was correct and that Callery’s collection was
the type: this I have not seen, nor can I match Cuming’s specimen by any recent
collections. The staminate receptacles are unknown, our specimen, like those
studied by Weddell, having only the pistillate.

ll. Elatostema delicatulum Wedd. in Ann. Sci. Nat. Bot. IV 1 (1854) 190.

HR. glaucescens B. delicatula Wedd. in Arch. Mus. Paris 9 (1856) 325.

E, obtusum B. delicatulum Wedd. in DC. Prodr. 161+ (1869) 187.

? #. obtusum Wedd. in DC, Prodr. 1. ¢., quoad philippinense; F.-Vill. Noviss.
App. (1880) 204.

? Dorstenia pubescens Blanco Fl. Filip. (1887) 692, non Forst. f. Prodr. (1786)
ll. ;

BE, delicatum Elmer Leafl. Philip. Bot. 2 (1908) 467.

Luzon, Province of Isabela, Bur. Sci. 8018 Ramos: Province of Rizal, Bosoboso,
Bur. Sci, 1092 Ramos: Province of Laguna, Los Bajos, Hallier s. n., Bur. Sci.
9897, 9898, 9921 Robinson; Mount Maquiling, Phil, Pl. 296 Merrill; Lilio, Bur.
Sci. 60/1 Robinson, Nercros, Cuernos Mountains, Elmer 10843 (cotype of &.
delicatum).

This species and the next, almost certainly distinet, present problems of ex-
ceptional difficulty. No collection is specified in the original description of JL.
delicatulum: in the Archives, where it is made a variety of H£. glaucescens, there
first deseribed, those cited are not discriminated between species and variety.
In the Prodromus, #. delicatulum is transferred as a variety to the Indian J.
obtusum, the colleetors are given as Callery and Barthe, and a collection by
Barthe is cited under typical FZ. obtusum. For FE. glaucescens, the collections cited
are Commerson (presumably given to Commerson by Sonnerat, who was in La-
guna), Callery, and Cuming 629. Cuming’s number is also the type of #.
brongniartianum Wedd., but our sheet contains two species, undoubtedly those
intended by Weddell. Dr. Gagnepain, of the Muséum d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris,
has compared Bur. Sci. 6011 with the type of #. delicatulum, and considers it the
same. The conclusions reached here, after study both in herbarium and field, are
that Barthe’s plants, not seen by me, may well have been different stages of the
same species, that H. delicatulum is closely allied to B. glaucescens, and while very
similar vegetatively to HE. obtusum, is quite distinct from it in the pistillate
receptacles. On the last point, possible differentiating characters suggested by
the descriptions are that the pistillate receptacles of H. obtusum are peduncled,™
that the bracts of the staminate receptacles are ovate and glabrous, and the
leaves never over 12.56 mm in length. In FH. delicatulum, the pistillate receptacles
are sessile, the pilose bracts of the staminate are lanceolate, the leaves while
variable in length usually exceed the limits noted for #, obtusum. However,
Mr. W. W. Smith, of the Royal Botanic Garden, Calcutta, to whom what is
considered very typical material of H. delicatulum had been sent, writes that he
can not see much difference between it and their Indian types of H. obtusum, as

* Hook. f. Fl. Br. Ind, 5 (1888) 573.

VT eey PHILIPPINE URTICACEAE. \ 521

far as the leaves and the male plant are concerned. The peduncled female re-
ceptacles are a better distinction, the question remaining as to their validity as
a specific character. In EH. luzonense, as previously stated, it seems of no value.
He has further sent me a specimen of EH. obtusum, Duthie 3383, Kumaon, west
Himalayas, and while I can not but agree as to the vegetative similarity, with
the addition that it is even nearer FL, filicaule, the pistillate receptacles do seem
quite distinct. The pedicels are so short that little emphasis can be laid on them,
but the receptacles themselves are very different. The bracts are pubescent but
very much less so than in ZF. delicatulum, the achenes seem to be solitary, and are
from nearly 2 mm to 2.5 mm long. Should the two species be held identical, £.
delicatulum is the older name. Procris obtusa Wall. Cat. is presumably a nomen
nudum, and Elatostema obtusum Wedd., so far as the Ann, Sci. Nat. is concerned,
being based on it alone, can have no higher status. H. delicatulum comes two
places lower on the same page, but has a suflicient description.

As regards E. glaucescens, the plants on Cuming 629 belonging to it can be
distinguished by their color, and have excellent matches in Whitford 174, which
contains the same mixture as that of Cuming, and in Yoder 226: my collections

* do not show the color character, but have no other differentiating features.

On the question of the distinctness of H. delicatulum and HE. glaucescens, there
is much room for difference of opinion, and the following field observations may
be of assistance. Both, at least as here interpreted, grow in considerable abun-
dance, on rocks, sometimes wet, sometimes fairly dry, in many places on both
branches of the Dampalit gorge, near Los Baiios: both may be found on the same
rock, though this is unusual. Ordinarily, HE. delicatulum is well described by
the name, the leaves are pale, their dentations very obtuse, indeed, many leaves
are entire; all staminate receptacles found contained very few flowers, with the
lanceolate bracts slenderly acuminate: E. glaucescens is more robust, with thicker,
darker-colored leaves, and the dentations are acute; their staminate receptacles
were always larger, the bracts somewhat broader, still acuminate, but more
shortly and stoutly: Weddell, on the contrary, describes them as few-flowered. It
is further to be noted that in drying the leaf-dentations of H. delicatulum may
shrink until it is very difficult to distinguish them from those of HE. glaucescens:
there is room for suspicion that variation in moisture conditions may have been
responsible for these differences in the living plants, but apparently EB. glaucescens
preferred the moister situations, so far as any differences could be observed.

Of the very close alliance of H. delicatwm and E. delicatulum there is no
doubt. Vegetatively, they are quite the same, and the staminate receptacles are
very similar, but not identical.

Some of those of FE. delicatum are distinctly longer-peduncled and more pilose,
larger with longer bracts; on the other hand, they are older than any of #. deli-
catulum available for comparison: the pistillate receptacles of H. delicatwm,
when collected, may yield distinguishing characteis, but at present it does not
seem advisable to keep them apart. The latest collections still further diminish
the difference. ;

From its description, this is the best disposition of Dorstenia pubescens Blanco.
Elatostema luzonense has very recently been found near Pasig, whence Blanco
obtained his plants, and is another probability, but the size assigned to them
would better suit H. delicatulum,

12. Elatostema glaucescens Wedd. in Arch. Mus. Paris 9 (1856) 325; DC.
Prodr. 16! (1869) 187.

E. sessile var. brongniartianum Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 1 (1906) Suppl.
48, pro parte, quoad Whitford 174, pro parte.

a

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)

yy «¢

522 ROBINSON.

Luzon, Province of Bulacan, Norzagaray, Yoder 226: Province of Bataan,
Mount Mariveles, Whitford 174 in part: Province of Laguna, Calauan, Cuming
629 in part; Los Baios, Bur. Sci. 9896, 9920 Robinson; Mount Maquiling, Phil.
Pl, 295 Merrill: Province of Rizal, Jalajala, Bur. Sci. 11895 Robinson & Ramos.

15. Elatostema pulchellum sp. nov.

Dioicum: pusillum, caulibus simplicibus vel subsimplicibus, glabrum :
receptaculis sessilibus, paucifloris; staminiferorum bracteis et perianthii
segmentis corniculatis; pistilliferorum perianthio pro genere longiusculo
saepe inflexo: foliis admodum parvis, membranaceis, saepius obovatis,
triplinerviis, margine 1- ad 4-dentatis.

Apparently always dioecious: staminate receptacles sessile, the outer
pair of bracts broadly oval or suborbicular, 2.5 to 3 mm long, keeled
and corniculate, the margins ciliate-serrate or entire: inner bracts similar
but much smaller; flowers few, subsessile; perianth-segments 4, subor-
bicular, 1.5 mm long, obtuse, corniculate; stamens 4, filaments less than
1 mm long, anthers white, oval, 0.8 mm long, the cells contiguous at
both extremities: pistillate receptacles sessile or on extremely short
peduncles, few-flowered; bracts free except at the base, about 2 mm
long, acuminate, pilose, the outer ovate, the inner oblong or oblanceolate ;
pedicels stout in proportion to the minute flower, about 0.5 mm long;
perianth-segments 3, appearing in young flowers as typical in the genus,
ovate, rounded, but at least often with the apical half incurved upon
the lower, in older flowers straightening, often inclosing one-third or
more of the achene, the apex always obtuse, never corniculate; ovary
not striate; the achene longitudinally striate, brown, 0.8 to 1 mm long.

A weak plant, with glabrous stems, the leaves of the lower nodes
usually reduced or wanting: leaves subsessile, the lamina membranaceous,
oblanceolate, obovate, or nearly oblong, the reduced ones excepted 7 to
30 mm long, 4 to 9 mm wide, usually strongly inequilateral, minutely
punctate, the base of the upper side acute, above the base straight or
moderately curved, with 1 or much more rarely 2 teeth, when 2 the
lower usually minute, acute, and appressed; lower side at base rounded
or forming a very short auricle, above the base curved, with usually
2, more rarely 1 or 3 teeth; teeth large for the size of the leaf, usually
obtuse, sometimes apiculate; terminal tooth not or hardly prolonged
beyond the general outline of the leaf, lanceolate or broadly lanceolate,
2 to 8 mm long, obtuse; upper surface with abundant cystoliths and
often setose especially near the margins, under surface without cys-
toliths, glabrous; triplinerved, additional veins usually inconspicuous,
1 or 2 on each side; stipules linear or linear-lanceolate, acute, about
1.5 mm long.

Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mount Banajao, Bur. Sci. 6577 a, 9824 (type),
9835 Robinson. MINDANAO, Province of Misamis, Mount Malindang, For, Bur.

4636, 4650 Mearns & Hutchinson: District of Davao, Mount Apo, Copeland 1128,
Elmer 11343. The type and Elmer 11343 have both staminate and _ pistillate

ae hie wa
5 i t
a;

“ Dine ulin ital laa

m

PHILIPPINE URTICACEAE. 523

flowers, the others pistillate only. A plant of high elevations, noted on Banajao
and Apo from 1800 to 2475 m. This is the species referred to on page 409 as
having pistillate flowers with a perianth abnormal for the genus by being often
incurved and when outspread of greater length in proportion to the ovary than in
most other species. Owing to the minuteness and delicacy of the perianth, its
exact nature is often difficult to determine, and this character may prove less
unusual: in any event, there can be no doubt of the close alliance of H. pulchellum
to the following species.

14. Elatostema acrophilum sp. noy,

Dioicum, receptaculis staminiferis ignotis, pistilliferis sessilibus;

perianthio minuto: caulibus apice adpresse setosis; foliis membranaccis,

utrinque glabris, saepius subfalcatis, valde inaequilateralibus, lateris
inferioris basi auriculatis, margine 2- ad 5-dentatis, 4- ad 6-plinerviis.

Dioecious: pistillate receptacles sessile, 4 mm in diameter; outer
pair of bracts ovate, ciliolate or glabrous, 1.5 mm long, obtuse, obscurely
corniculate, inner bracts somewhat longer, stellately disposed, strongly
ciliate, corniculate or acuminate; bracteoles linear-oblanceolate ; pedicels
about 0.6 mm long; perianth-segments 3, less than 1 mm long, obtuse ;
ovary ellipsoid, about 0.5 mim long; stigma penicillate.

Weak creeping plants, usually branched, the stems 10 to 25 em long,
minutely appressed-setose at the apex; leaves subsessile, alternate or
very rarely subopposite, the basal often greatly reduced, with these ex-
cepted the lamina membranaceous, obliquely elliptic or obovate, 8 to
25 mm long, 4 to 8 mm wide, strongly inequilateral, subfalcate, the
base of the:upper side meeting the costa 1 to 2 mm from the stem at
an acute or subobtuse angle, the base of the lower side forming a broad
rounded auricle often overlapping the stem; upper margin with 2 to 4,
lower with 2 to 5 teeth, these obtuse or the lower acute; apical tooth
not or slightly projecting beyond the general outline of the leaf, Jan-
ceolate to ovate, 1 to 4 mm long, obtuse or acute; both surfaces glabrous
and with cystoliths, the under glaucescent; 4- to 6-plinerved, in ad-
dition to the costa and the normal nerve on either side, usually with 1
on the upper side and 2 on the lower developing exteriorly ; additional
veins 3 or 4, well reticulated on the upper surface; stipules lanceolate,
acute, about 1 mm long.

Luzon, Province of Laguna, at and near summit of Mount Banajao, Bur. Sci.
6577 Robinson (type), Copeland s. n., growing with the last, to which, however,
it is not as nearly allied as to the following.

15. Elatostema microphyllum Elmer Leaf Philip. Bot. 1 (1908) 286.

Subcaespitosum, caulibus apice praesertim’ adpresse pubescentibus:
dioicum ; receptaculis pistilliferis sessilibus, parvis, floribusque eis speciel
praecedentis similibus: foliis alternis, subsessilibus, oblique oblanceolatis,
oblongis, vel obovatis, 6 ad 13 mm longis, 3 ad 4.5 mm latis, vel in-
ferioribus minoribus, basi utrinque cuneatis vel margine inferiore leviter
auriculatis, supra medium latere superiore 2- vel 3-dentatis latere in-

e.
¥,
ea

524 ROBINSON.

feriore 2- ad 5-dentatis, dentibus saepissime acutis, dente terminali haud
protracto, breve, obtuso vel subacuto; triplinerviis, venis superioribus
obscuris lateris superioris saepius 1, lateris inferioris 2 vel 3, pagina
utraque cystolithis notatis.

Luzon, Province of Tayabas, Lucban, Himer 9149 (type collection) : Province
of Laguna, Mount Banajao, Bur. Sci. 9777 Robinson. A plant of comparatively
low elevations, 700 to 800 m on both mountains. In spite of the very manifest
dissimilarity in general resemblance, this species is very closely allied to the
preceding, the second collection, while certainly to be identified with FE. micro-
phylum, tending to vary in the direction of H. acrophilum. The difference in
elevation means less in this instance than might be supposed, for the ravine where
Bur. Sci. 9777 was obtained contains many species normally found at mueh higher
altitudes on the same mountain, even at the summit.

16. Elatostema oblanceolatum sp. nov.

Repens, caulibus pilis subrigidis saltem apice adspersis: receptaculis
pistilliferis subsessilibus, parvis; perianthio minuto: foliis oblanceolatis,
basi utrinque cuneatis, margine integris vel uno vel utroque latere
1-dentatis, triplinerviis.

Dioecious; pistillate receptacles sessile or subsessile, the outermost
bracts broadly lanceolate, corniculate, 2.5 mm long, the inner narrower,
often oblanceolate, the bracteoles still narrower, all conspicuously long-
ciliate; flowers on short comparatively stout pedicels; perianth-lobes 3,
usually not exceeding 0.1 mm in length but in the same receptacle
sometimes considerably longer, never sufficiently to inclose more than
the basal third of the ovary; about 1 mm long.

Creeping plants with stems 5 to 10 em long, simple or sparingly
branched, bearing especially toward the apex rather scattered stiff white
hairs; leaves subsessile, the membranaceous lamina oblanceolate or rarely
elliptic-oblanceolate or obovate, mostly 6 to 13 mm long, 2.5 to 4.5 mm
wide, or some of them smaller, acute on both sides at the base, entire or
somewhat more frequently with a single tooth on the lower or on each
side; terminal tooth rounded, apiculate; both surfaces glabrous and
provided with rather long but often not yery conspicuous cystoliths,
often with stiff cilia on the margins; triplinerved, additional veins
slender, single or wanting on the upper side, 1 or 2 on the lower.

Necros, Canloan Volcano, on steep moss-covered shaded banks of stream, at
900 m elevation, Merrill 6909,

17. Elatostema philippinense Elmer Leafl. Philip. Bot. 3 (1910) 888.

Suberectum vel scandens: ramosum, 20 ad 30 cm longum, caulibus
apicem versus sparse pubescentibus: receptaculis staminiferis ses-
silibus, bracteis exterioribus ovatis, acuminatis, corniculatis, 3.5 mm
longis, ciliatis, interioribus subaequilongis sed multo angustioribus,
corniculatis ; perianthio 5-partito, corniculato: foliis brevissime petiolatis
vel sessilibus, membranaceis, oblique ellipticis vel lanceolatis, 3 ad 8

eC: Fo

ety) a ae, A eee

PHILIPPINE URTICACEAE. 525

em longis, 8 ad 22 mm latis, aliis minoribus sed similibus, basi uno
latere acutis altero auriculatis obtusis vel rarissime acutis, margine e
basi obtuse vel subacute altiuscule dentatis, dentibus saepe dentatis, apice
in acumen gracile dentatum protractis, subpenninerviis, venis utrinque
4 ad 8, subtus sparse pubescentibus; cystolithis minutis; stipulis lan-
ceolatis, circiter 6 mm longis, persistentibus.

MrinpDANAO, District of Davao, Baruring River, Elmer 11751, 11746. Nercros,
Canlaon Voleano, Merrill 6907. Poxttto, Bur. Sci. 6841 Robinson. Both the
last differ slightly from the type, but not in essential characters. The leaves are
somewhat similar to the more normal ones of H. diversifolium Wedd., but the
aberrant ones of the latter are wanting, and there are many other differences.

18. Elatostema hastatum Elmer Leafl. Philip. Bot. 2 (1908) 466.

Repens, succulentum, caulibus circiter 30 cm longis, apice praesertim
setosis: receptaculis staminiferis sessilibus, bracteis extus ciliatis vel
strigosis, subliberis; floribus pedicellatis; perianthii segmentis stamini-
busque 5: foliis submembranaceis, oblique oblongis vel obovatis, 10 ad
15 mm longis, 4 ad 6 mm latis, vel nonnullis minoribus, superioris
lateris basi acutis vel obtusis, inferioris lateris oblique vel subrecte pro-
tractis, caulem saepissime obtegentibus semihastatisque, dentibus praeter
medium superioris lateris 2, inferioris 3, dente terminale breve, haud
protracto; triplinerviis, venis 1 vel 2; cystolithis in utraque pagina

conspicuis, superne sparse subtus in venis densius setosis.

Necros, Province of Negros Oriental, Cuernos Mountains, Elmer 9829 (type
collection). The leaf-base is very characteristic.

19. Elatostema viridescens Elmer Leafl. Philip. Bot. 1 (1908) 285,

Erectum, inflorescentiis pistilliferis exceptis glabrum, 20 ad 90 cm
altum, caule valde succulento, suleato: dioicum vel rariter monoicum ;
receptaculis staminiferis saepissime brevissime pedunculatis; bracteis
exterioribus orbiculari-ovatis, circiter 5 mm longis, apice acumunatis,
ciliatis, cornu cylindraceo faleato 2 ad 3 mm longo instructis, bracteis
interioribus multo minoribus, haud vel obscure corniculatis; floribus
tetrameris: receptaculis pistilliferis solitariis vel binis, sessilibus, circiter
5 mm diametro; bracteis exterioribus suborbicularibus, conspicue corni-
culatis; floribus typicis: foliis membranaceis vel subchartaceis, oblique

lanceolatis vel anguste ellipticis, saepius subfalcatis, triplinerviis, lateris

superioris basi acutis, inferioris acutis vel brevissime auriculatis, super-
ioris lateris dentibus vel serraturis 4 ad 11, inferioris 8 ad 15, dente
terminali in acumen protracto; stipulis lineari-lanceolatis, 4 ad 7 mm
longis.

Luzon, Province of Bataan, Lamao River, Williams 806: Province of Cavite,
Mendez Nuiiez, Bur. Sci. 1350 Mangubat: Province of Laguna, Los Baiios, Hlmer

8076 (type collection), Bur. Sei. 6715, 9895 Robinson, Phil. Pl. 263 Robinson,
Hallier s, n.: Province of Tayabas, Atimonan, Whitford 631.

i

awh.

:
|

526 ROBINSON.

In dried material, the leaves, which are from 12 to 18 em long, often have
a distinct yellowish tinge, especially on the veins of the under surface; both
surfaces show very numerous crowded cystoliths; the points of origin of the
nerves are separated by at least 5 mm and often much more, they are nearly
parallel with the margin and connected with the costa by from 3 to 8 veins.

20. Elatostema banahaense sp. nov.

Krectum, glabrum: inflorescentiis staminiferis breviter crasseque
pedunculatis vel subsessilibus, bracteis corniculatis; floribus juvenilibus
tetrameris: foliis subsessilibus, membranaceis, oblique oblanceolatis, basis
uno latere acutis, altero obtusis vel saepius subauriculatis, margine
dentatis, apice acuminatis, triplinerviis; stipulis lanceolatis, acute acum-
inatis, circiter 12 mm longis.

Staminate receptacles on very short peduncles or almost sessile, the
peduncle bracted at the base: outer bracts orbicular-ovate, 8 mm long,
corniculate, free from one another except at the bése, inner bracts
similar but only half the length of the outer; young flowers pedicellate,
tetramerous: pistillate receptacles unknown.

Succulent, glabrous, erect, somewhat zigzag, usually unbranched,
about 40 to 50 cm high: leaves subsessile, the lamina membranaceous,
obliquely oblanceolate, 6 to 17 em long, 22 to 46 mm wide, the lower often
smaller than the upper, the acute side of the base terminating 4 to 9
mm from the stem, the other somewhat auriculate or at least obtuse,
nearly always sessile, the narrower side usually entire below the middle,
beyond with from 4 to 11 shallow serrations, the wider eut from below
the middle into 8 to 16 slightly deeper serrations; the apex contracted
into a slender acumen 1 to 2.5 cm long; triplinerved, with about 6
to 8 additional veins and others almost equally prominent ; upper surface
with conspicuous eystoliths, these much less conspicuous beneath but the
surface punctate; stipules lanceolate or narrowly elliptic-lanceolate, 10
to 16 mm long, usually acutely acuminate.

Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mount Banajao, at 1500 m elevation, Bur. Sci.
9856 Robinson. Closely allied to E. seriptum, differing in the shape of the
leaves, their. venation, serration, and cystoliths, strongly resembling it in the
stipules and receptacles. With this almost certainly belong two unnumbered col-
lections made five years apart by Dr. E. B. Copeland at San Ramon, Zamboanga,
Mindanao. Pistillate receptacles are present, sessile, up to 15 mm in diameter;
the only staminate receptacle is younger than those of the type, but apparently
the same; the leaves are very similar except that the veins are pubescent beneath.

It would better have been made the type, but the only duplicates, those from
Banajao, had been distributed under the above name.

21, Elatostema palawanense sp. nov.

Receptaculis sessilibus, staminiferorum bracteis exterioribus subor-
bicularibus, uno saltem conspicue sed breviter corniculato; floribus
tetrameris: foliis crasse chartaceis, oblanceolatis ad obovatis, basis uno
latere acutis vel subobtusis altero rotundatis vel breviter subauriculatis,

PHILIPPINE URTICACEAE. 527

margine acute serratis, apice acuminatis; stipulis elliptico-lanceolatis,
circiter 17 mm longis.

Staminate receptacles sessile; outer bracts suborbicular, 5 mm long,
one or both distinetly short-corniculate, silky-pubescent; inner bracts
oblong, 3.5 mm long, less densely pubescent ; bracteoles narrowly oblong-
oblanceolate, 3 mm long, pilose at the apex; pedicels about 1 mm long:
perianth-segments 4, elliptic or broadly elliptic, nearly 2 mm long, more
or less cucullate, pilose at the apex: anthers 0.8 mm long: pistillate
receptacles sessile; outer pair of bracts free for over half their length,
the free portions orbicular-ovate, 2.5 mm long, shortly corniculate, long-
pilose and ciliate; other bracts oblong-lanceolate, 4 mm long, scarious-
margined, strongly keeled but hardly corniculate, densely pubescent ;
bracteoles narrowly linear-oblanceolate, 3 mm long, long-ciliate espe-
cially at the apex; pedicels over 1 mm long; perianth distinctly either
3- or 4-lobed, minute: achene brown, broadly ellipsoid, obscurely striate,
about 1 mm long.

Stems 30 to 40 cm high, erect except at base, the apices densely
pubescent, below glabrous: leaves subsessile, the lamina densely charta-
ceous, oblanceolate to obovate, 6 to 10 em, long, 20 to 32 mm wide, the
base acute or subobtuse on the narrower side, on the wider obtuse,
rounded, or very shortly auriculate, the margins except at or near the
base cut not deeply by acute teeth, strongly directed forward, on the
wider side about 20 in number, the apex gradually or somewhat abruptly
contracted into an acumen about 1.5 em long, the upper surface scabrous,
the under silky-pilose; triplinerved, with 4 or 5 additional veins, nearly
free from one another; stipules elliptic-lanceolate, very shortly acu-
minate, appressed-pilose on the outer surface, about 17 mm long.

PALAWAN, Mount Victoria, at 1100 m elevation, Bur. Sci. 677 Foaworthy.
Much more distinct from its nearest ally, #. lagunense, than it can be made to
seem by key, the plants less coarse, the receptacles so far as can be judged

from the present collection much smaller and differing in various details, ap-
parently always sessile, and with the under surface of the leaves silky.

22. Elatostema lagunense Merrill in herb, sp. nov.

Monoicum vel saepius dioicum, erectum, succulentum: receptaculis
staminiferis magnis, breviter pedunculatis; bracteis exterioribus depresso-
orbicularibus, corniculatis; floribus tetrameris: receptaculis pistilliferis
sessilibus, bracteis basi excepta connatis; floribus pedicellatis, perianthio
minuto, trilobato: foliis oblique oblanceolatis vel obovatis, basis valde
inaequilaterae uno latere acutis altero obtusis vel subauriculatis, margine
basi excepta serratis, apice acuminatis, utraque pagina saepius strigosis,
triplinerviis.

Monoecious or dioecious: staminate receptacles attaining a diameter
of 2 em, on short stout peduncles; outer bracts depressed-orbicular, nearly
free, up-to 9 mm in length and 13 mm in width, keeled, corniculate,

my Sh all a. - a Te, eA YC, ll ne ee
ee ee ee ep ee ee ee , ee Pee eee, ~

528 ROBINSON.

sparingly pubescent, the inner becoming smaller and obovate; bracteoles
oblanceolate, 6 mm long, long-ciliate near the apex; perianth-segments 4,
about 3 mm long; anthers becoming nearly 2 mm long: pistillate recep-
tacles sessile, up to 14 mm in diameter; bracts united at their bases, free
and stellately arranged along the margins of the receptacles, the free
portions lanceolate to ovate, 3 to 4 mm long, densely ciliate and some-
what pilose on the back, slightly corniculate; bracteoles linear-oblan-
ceolate, 8 mm long, long-ciliate; flowers very numerous, shortly pedicel-
late; perianth 3-lobed, about 0.1 mm long; achene brown, 0.6 mm long,
longitudinally striate.

Adult plants very succulent, the younger less so, the stems angled and
grooved, 30 to 80 cm high, strigose especially toward the apex: leaves
subsessile, the lamina subchartaceous, obliquely oblanceolate to obovate,
6 to 25 cm long, 2 to 9.5 em wide, very inequilateral at the base, one side
acute or more rarely obtuse ending 5 to 10 mm from the stem, the other
subauriculate, or more rarely merely obtuse, the narrower side entire for
about half its length, then with 5 to 12 serrations, the serrations of the
wider side usually beginning much nearer the base and 12 to 20 in num-
ber, not deep in proportion to the size of the leaves, the apex forming an
acute acumen, often scabrous on both surfaces, especially beneath, or the
pubescence softer and appressed, the upper surface also with numerous
conspicuous long cystoliths; triplinerved or the nerve of the narrower
side subbasal, other veins 4 to 6, all uniting by frequent anastomoses ;
stipules lanceolate, up to 17 mm long.

Luzon, Province of Nueva Vizcaya, Quiangan, Merrill 206, part: Province of
Bataan, Mount Mariveles, Whitford s. n.: Province of Laguna, Los Bafios,
Merrill 5118 (type), Elmer 8313, Phil. Pl. 262 Robinson, Bur. Sci. 6735, 9907
Robinson; Mount Maquiling, Merrill 7133; Province of Tayabas, Mount Binuang,
Bur, Sci. 9466 Robinson; Lucban, Elmer 9203. Minpanao, Lake Lanao, Camp
Keithley, Mrs. Clemens 411.

The spurs upon the staminate bracts are most conspicuous in young receptacles,
as they do not increase proportionally, and might be overlooked on superficial

inspection of dried mature material. The species has much the appearance of
HB. cupreo-viride Rech.,® but is larger, with very different stipules.

23. Elatostema lanaense sp. nov.

Monoicum vel dioicum: receptaculis staminiferis sessilibus, bracteis
exterioribus orbiculari-ovatis, carinatis, corniculatis, pilosis, ciliatis:
floribus tetrameris: receptaculis pistilliferis adhuc juvenilibus, sessilibus :
foliis sessilibus, membranaceis, oblique obovatis, basis uno latere acutis
vel obtusis altero obtusis vel subauriculatis, margine grosse paucidentatis,
apice breviter vel longiuscule acuminatis.

Staminate receptacles sessile, up to 9 mm in diameter; outer pair of
bracts orbicular-ovate, keeled, corniculate, pilose, ciliate, free from one

*® Fedde, Rep. Nov. Sp. 6 (1908) 49; Bot. Zool. Ergeb. Samoa. Neuguinea, u.
Salomoninseln 3 (1910) 101, pl. 8.

Breet wey

a Di

PHILIPPINE URTICACEAE. 529

another except at the base; next two pairs oblong-obovate, nearly as long
as the outer, keeled, not or barely corniculate, ciliate-serrate ; bracteoles
oblanceolate, 3.5 mm long, ciliate or ciliolate; flowers shortly pedicelled ;
perianth-segments 4, ovate, 1.5 mm long, with long, ciliate spurs ; anthers
0.7 mm long: pistillate receptacles still young; as seen the outer pair
of bracts about 2 mm long, orbicular-ovate or wider than long, pilose, one
or both slightly corniculate; the next pairs narrowly oblanceolate ; flowers
apparently typical, the stigma long-pilose.

Erect except at base, about 20 to 25 cm high, the stems densely pubes-
cent at the apex and often lower: leaves sessile, the lamina membrana-
ceous, obliquely obovate or elliptic-obovate, 3 to 6.5 cm long, 12 to 28 mm
wide, the base inequilateral, acute or subobtuse on one side, obtuse or
subauriculate on the other, the narrower side usually with 2 or 3, teeth,
the wider with 4 or 5, the apical tooth forming an acumen over 1 cm
long or on younger leaves much shorter and hardly. projecting beyond
the general outline; tri-triplinerved, the nerve of the narrower side
sometimes little longer than the 2 or 3 veins; the glabrous upper surface
with conspicuous eystoliths, the under pubescent on the veins with much
less conspicuous cystoliths; stipules narrowly oblong-lanceolate, acute,
3 to + mm long.

Mrnpanao, Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley, Mrs. Clemens 405. Very similar in
general appearance to HE. luzonense, but differing by its sessile receptacles and
otherwise.

24. Elatostema scriptum sp. nov.

Erectum, sueculentum, caulibus tetragonis, plus minusve alatis, gla-
bris: receptaculis, staminiferis breviter pedunculatis, bracteis exterioribus
interioribusque orbicularibus vel late ovatis, corniculatis; floribus tetra-
meris: foliis membranaceis, subfaleatis, oblique et saepe anguste lan-
ceolatis vel ellipticis, margine dentatis, apice acuminatim protractis,
subpinnatinerviis. .

Dioecious, as far as known: staminate receptacles on sparingly pilose
or glabrous peduncles 1 to 3 mm long; outer bracts free except at the
base, orbicular or broadly ovate, on the largest receptacles about 9 mm
long, rounded at the apex, distinctly corniculate, somewhat pilose on the
outer surface or glabrous, the spur ciliate; inner bracts similar, somewhat
smaller; flowers shortly pedicellate, perianth-segments 4, hyaline, 1 mm
long, with a ciliate spur of nearly equal length.

Erect, succulent, the glabrous stems 20 to 30 cm long, quadrangular
and more or less winged (very imperfectly shown by dried material),
simple or more rarely branched: leaves sessile, the lamina membrana-
ceous, obliquely and often narrowly lanceolate or elliptic, more often
subfaleate, 7 to 13 cm long, 1.2 to 3 em wide, the upper usually the
longer, base of the upper side acute, of the lower acute or very shortly

994545

a a. = hs

530 | ROBINSON.

auriculate, the teeth of the upper side 4 to 6, of the lower 4 to 11, acute
or obtuse, on narrow leaves very shallow, on wider leaves deeper, on the
upper side usually not below the middle of the leaf, on the lower side
often occurring somewhat lower, terminal tooth triangular-lanceolate,
acute, 15 to 20 mm long; both surfaces glabrous or the principal veins of
the under obscurely pilose, upper surface when dry somewhat purplish,
the under paler, both showing numerous long but not crowded cystoliths,
these especially evident on the under surface by reason of the contrast
in color; almost pinnately veined, the basal nerves present, but on the
upper side close to the margin and on narrow leaves inconspicuous, on
both sides soon connecting with the succeeding veins, numbering usually
8 or 9, with others intervening; stipules triangular-ovate or triangular-
lanceolate, 10 to 12 mm long, hyaline except on the costa, acute.

Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mount Banajao, at about 800 m elevation, Bur.
Sci, 9766 Robinson.

25, Elatostema spinulosum Elmer Leafl. Philip. Bot. 2 (1908) 468.

Erectum vel recumbens, caulibus angulatis et foliis praesertim subtus
spinulis acutis haud urentibus horridis: receptaculis staminiferis ses-
silibus, bracteis exterioribus orbicularibus, tricarinatis, corniculatis,
floribus trimeris (?) vel tetrameris; receptaculis pistilliferis sessilibus,
1.5 cm diametro, bracteis exterioribus ad medium coalitis, corniculatis:
foliis subsessilibus, sicco subchartaceis, oblique oblanceolatis vel obovatis,
inaequilateralibus, circiter 20 cm longis, 5 ad 9 em latis, lateris an-
gustioris basi acutis, latioris subauriculatis, ima basi excepta dentatis,
sed lateris angustioris dimidia basali parte minute, supra grosse, apice
abrupte acute acuminatis, utrinque glabris et cystolithis notatis sed subtus
minus conspicue; triplinerviis, venis 4 ad 7 et reticulis subtus con-
spicuissimis.

NEGROS, Cuernos Mountains, Elmer 9776 (type collection) : Canlaon Voleano,
Phil. Pl. 233 Merrill.

The staminate flowers are stated in the original description to be either
3-merous or 4-merous. As the occurrence of 3-merous flowers in the genus
would be of especial interest, a number were examined from each of the col-
lections cited, those from Canlaon being preserved in alcohol; all were 4-merous.
The pistillate receptacles seen were oval rather than orbicular in outline, the
central part formed by the united bracts being about 1 cm long, 7 mm wide, with
the free portion of the outer bracts triangular-ovate, 3 mm long, of the inner
bracts lanceolate.

Local name (Cuernos Mountains) : handalumog.

26. Elatostema whitfordii Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 1 (1906) Suppl. 48.

Luzon, Province of Bataan, Mount Mariveles, Whitford 254, For. Bur. 1234

Borden. MINDANAO, District of Davao, Mount Apo, Elmer 10709.

As stated in the original description, this species approaches H. macrophyllum
Brongn. in many respects. Comparison with Javan material of the latter shows
HE. whitfordii to differ by having the margins of the entirely glabrous leaves
eut into twice as many serrations, roughly 40 against 20, by the venation being

we ae

—"' ee oe ee Se

PHILIPPINE URTICACEAE. 531

much more emphatically pinnate than in that species, the lowest veins being
very much shorter than the upper; the outer bracts of the staminate receptacles
are united except toward the margins, and the pistillate receptacles, recently col-
lected on Mount Apo, are peduncled.

Local name (Apo): rader.

27. Elatostema edule sp. nov.

E. platyphyllum Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 3 (1908) Bot. 404, non Wedd.
in Arch. Mus. Paris 9 (1856) 301.

E. platyphyllo Wedd. affine: receptaculis sessilibus vel subsessilibus,
magnis; bracteis basi coalitis discum efformantibus, haud vel brevissime
corniculatis; floribus staminiferis tetrameris: foliis breviter petiolatis,
membranaceis, oblique elliptico-obovatis vel oblongis, basis uno latere
acutis altero grosse auriculatis, apice acuminatis, triplinerviis; stipulis
oblongo-lanceolatis, acutis, circiter 2 cm longis.

Staminate receptacles solitary, sessile or subsessile, up to 2 em in
diameter, glabrous throughout, the bracts united at their bases to form
a disk about two-thirds the diameter of the receptacles, the free portions
of the outer pair 4 mm long, 13 mm wide, broadly rounded, keeled but
hardly corniculate; of the next two pairs about 5 mm long, 10 mm wide,
keeled and slightly corniculate; bracteoles oblong-oblanceolate, 4 mm
long, slightly corniculate; perianth-segments 4, 2.6 mm long, the outer
broadly lanceolate, apiculate, the inner narrower: pistillate receptacles
sessile, when flattened nearly oblong, up to 15 by 13 mm, the bracts
fused but sufficiently free at least at their margins for the three outer
pairs to be traced, all glabrous, barely corniculate; bracteoles linear-
oblanceolate, 2 mm long, ciliate-serrate; perianth 3-lobed, about 0.15 mm |
long; achenes broadly ellipsoid, 0.5 mm long, obscurely striate.

Plants succulent, 50 cm -or more in height, the vegetative parts
glabrous: leaves shortly petioled, oblique, elliptic-obovate or oblong, 16 to
23 cm long, 3.5 to 9.5 em wide, the base of the narrower side acute, that
of the wider produced into an auricle retaining or slightly increasing the
width of that portion of the lamina exterior to the nerve, the margin
of the narrower side entire for a little more or less than half its length,
then with from 7 to 12 teeth, that of the wider side with the lowest teeth
nearer the base and 15 to 20 in number, the apex gradually or somewhat
abruptly contracted into an acumen 1.5 to 2 cm long; triplinerved, ad-
ditional veins 5 to 7; cystoliths very numerous and conspicuous on the
upper surface, on the type-sheet especially so and of larger size along the
principal veins, much less so beneath; stipules oblong-lanceolate, acute,
about 2 em long.

BaTANES Is~ANps, Batan Island, Santo Domingo de Basco, Bur. Sci. 3609
Fénie (type). Luzon, Province of Albay, Mount Mayon, Bur. Sci, 6455 Robinson.
Formosa, Kotoshio, Kawakami & Nakahara 1052. The two northern collections

are the closer match, those from Mayon having narrower leaves with smaller
teeth, which are still far larger than those of HE, platyphyllum, furnishing the

a

Ce

ae ro etal

532 ROBINSON.

easiest means of distinguishing the species. Moreover, the staminate receptacles

are solitary, nearly sessile, and their bracts are less completely fused: the

eystoliths themselves and their arrangement are very different in the two species.

The close alliance is undeniable. The leaves are eaten as greens in the Batanes.
Local name (Batanes): reyrey.

28. Elatostema carinoi W. R. Shaw in herb. sp. nov.

Monoicum vel dioicum, erectum, succulentum: receptaculis staminiferis
breviter pedunculatis vel subsessilibus, magnis, bracteis basi coalitis,
brevissime corniculatis; floribus tetrameris: receptaculis pistilliferis ses-
silibus: foliis membranaceis, oblique ellipticis, basi valde inaequilatera
acutis vel subobtusis, margine dentatis, apice acuminatis, triplinerviis.

Staminate receptacles on peduncles usually stout up to 2.5 cm long,
or more slender or subsessile, attaining a size of about 2 cm by 1.5 cm,
the bracts as seen from without apparently 2, free nearly halfway to tle
base, but each of these formed by the union of an outer bract with the
outer halves of one of each of the two next pairs of inner bracts, the
inner halves of the latter embracing the flowers, dividing the receptacle
into 4 parts, the free portions of the outer bracts in mature receptacles
about 5 mm long and 9 mm wide, keeled, in young receptacles barely
corniculate ; pedicels about 1.5 mm long; perianth-segments 4, about 2
mm long, the outer pair oblong-ovate, corniculate, the inner pair oblong-
lanceolate ; filaments 2 mm long; anthers 1 mm, their cells widely diverg-
ing: pistillate receptacles sessile, about 1 cm in diameter, the margins
revolute; bracts fused except at the margins, the free portions of the

outer pair broadly triangular-ovate, 2 mm long, acuminate, ciliate, the

others narrower; bracteoles linear or linear-oblanceolate, 2 mm long,
strongly ciliate; pedicels about 0.5 mm long, perianth minute, 3-lobed ;
ovary ellipsoid, about 0.5 mm long; stigma pilose.

Erect, 835 em to 1 m high, succulent, the stems glabrous or more often
more or less pilose at the apex: leaves subsessile, the lamina membrana-
ceous, obliquely narrowly to broadly elliptic, 6 to 12 em long, 1.5 to 3.5
em wide, strongly inequilateral, the base acute or on the wider side often
obtuse, the margin of the wider side with from 8 to 12 teeth above about
the basal third, the narrower usually with 7 or 8 in the apical half, the
apex prolonged into a slender acumen 1 to 2 em long; triplinerved, ad-
ditional veins 4 to 6; glabrous or the veins of the under surface pilose ;
stipules lanceolate to linear-oblanceolate, 8 to 13 mm long.

Luzon, Province of Bontoe, Vanoverbergh 510; Province of Benguet, Bur. Sct.
2828 Mearns ; Baguio, Phil. Nor. Sch. 428 Cariiio (type), For. Bur. 4811 Curran:
Lusod-Bayabas trail, For. Bur. 15752 Curran; Bued River, Merrill 4847: Prov-
ince of Nueva Vizcaya, Quiangan, Merrill 206, part. Siqutor, near San Antonio,
Merrill 7205. :

Although this has much resemblance to #. longipedunculatum Elmer, its closer
alliance is with the species here identified as H. longifoliwm Wedd., as shown by
the structure of the staminate receptacles, differing from the latter in the nature
of its pubescence, the stipules, and the more delicate venation, with the veins

“Ty ita Skea 4 ie beat «i

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:

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7s FF == oo a See es —j— ~° aie oe a oe, 2% A: Waa ee
TT A ee emesis? br, Si ee q OE on, Pe 2 ee te nS eee Sa a Pe ee ea kf
. , ? . s iy D ¥
‘ - rig : i
a

PHILIPPINE URTICACEAE. 533

especially on the narrower side more strongly directed toward the apex. It is
possible that two species are here included, differing from one another in the
coarseness of the dentation and the pubescence, but it will take field-study to
determine this with certainty. This is probably the closest of all the Philippine
species to true H. sessile Forst.

Through the kindness of Dr. A. B. Rendle, of the British Museum of Natural
History, a photograph has been obtained of the type specimen of &, sessile Forst.,
preserved in the herbarium of that institution, No one of our species is identical
with it, HZ. carinoi, its nearest ally, differing by the distinetly longer leaf-acumen.
(Plate II, Vol. VI.)

Local name (Baguio): ngaluy, the plants said to serve as food for deer.

29. Elatostema angustatum sp. nov.

Receptaculis sessilibus vel subsessilibus, solitariis vel binis, staminif-
erorum bracteis exterioribus tricarinatis admodum corniculatis; floribus
tetrameris: foliis membranaceis, oblique anguste lanceolatis vel rarius
ovatis, basis valde inaequilaterae uno latere acutis altero subacutis ad
rotundatis, margine dentatis, apice attenuato-acutissimis.

Monoecious or dioecious, the receptacles solitary or paired, sometimes
one of each kind in an axil: staminate receptacles 3 to 4 mm in diameter,
the outer pair of bracts free from one another except at their bases,
broadly oval or suborbicular, 3.5 mm long, slightly ciliate, the back
with usually 3 very distinct keels more or less projecting apically, the
next pairs of bracts obovate, cucullate, corniculate, 8 mm long ; bracteoles
nearly hyaline, oblanceolate, cucullate, 2 mm long; perianth-segments
4, hyaline, ovate, 1 mm long, very shortly or not cucullate: pistillate
receptacles up to 1 em in diameter; bracts fused in the basal half, the
outer pair triangular-ovate, 1.5 mm long, slightly ciliate, keeled-cornicu-
late, the others similar but narrower; bracteoles linear-oblanceolate, 2
mm long, ciliate-serrate; flowers shortly pedicelled; perianth-lobes 3,
minute; achenes 0.6 mm long.

Erect, sueculent, 20 to 40 em high, glabrous except as noted for the
inflorescence: leaves subsessile, the lamina membranaceous, oblique, nar-
rowly lanceolate or on short leaves wider, 3 to 16 cm long, 7 to 18 mm
wide, the base acute on one side, subacute to rounded on the other, the
narrower with from 6 to 14 shallow teeth usually confined to the apical
three-fifths or half, the wider with from 6 to 20 and the lowest more
basal, the apex very gradually narrowed to a very acute or rarely obtuse
point or on shorter and broader leaves acuminate : triplinerved, the point
of origin of the nerve of the narrower side often from 8 to 20 mm from
the stem, the nerves on both sides forming a continuous and nearly straight
lateral line united with the costa by 3 to 9 veins; cystoliths conspicuous
on both surfaces ; stipules linear-lanceolate, 1.5 to 2.5 mm long.

Luzon, Province of Rizal, Bosoboso, For, Bur, 3266 Ahern’s collector (type) :
Province of Laguna, Los Bajios, Bur. Sci. 6614 Robinson, As suggested to me
by Dr. Gagnepain, the species has considerable resemblance to EH. hookerianwim
Wedd., but differs in its much more. attenuate leaves with less auriculate bases
and more numerous serrations, in the cystoliths and the stipules.

.
:
|

lt

534 ROBINSON.

30. Elatostema apoense Elmer Leafl. Philip. Bot. 3 (1910) 885.

Dioicum, monoicum, vel floribus staminiferis pistilliferisque in eodem
receptaculo intermixtis; bracteis exterioribus saepe inaequalibus, orbicu-
lari-ovatis, usque ad 3.5 mm longis, obscurissime corniculatis, pilosis,
ciliatis; bracteolis oblanceolatis, 3 mm longis, longe pilosis; floribus
breviter pedicellatis ; perianthio staminifero 4-partito, ovato, apice longe
ciliato; perianthio pistillifero minuto, trilobato, acheniis 0.7 mm longis:
terrestre, succulentum, plus minusve ramosum, caulibus a basi ad apicem
dense pubescentibus ; foliis sessilibus, laminis chartaceis, inferiorum saepe
oblique lanceolatis, superiorum longioribus sed angustioribus, lineari-lan-
ceolatis vel anguste lanceolatis, 3 ad 6 em longis, 2 ad 7 mm latis, basis uno
latere acutis vel subobtusis altero rotundatis vel subauriculatis, margine
pro rata grosse dentatis, inferioribus apice obtusis, superioribus sensim vel
acuminatim protractis, pagina superiore glabris inferiore venis pubes-
centibus, utrinque cystolithis notatis, trinerviis, venis 4 ad 6, subtus
conspicuis; stipulis lanceolatis, apice protractis, 5 ad 8 mm longis.

MINDANAO, District of Davao, Mount Apo, at 1200 m elevation, Hlmer 11793.
This seems distinct from H#. lineare Stapf in the venation of the sessile leaves,
and is quite different from H. rupestre Wedd., to which Stapf says that his species
is allied. The most curious thing about this species, the presence of pistillate
and staminate flowers in the same receptecle, is of no diagnostie value: of three
receptacles dissected by me, one was entirely staminate, a second entirely pistillate,
while in the third the attached staminate flowers were more central and the
attached pistillate flowers more peripheral.

31. Elatostema longifolium Wedd. in Ann. Sci. Nat. Bot. IV 1 (1854) 189.

Luzon, Province of Nueva Vizcaya, Mount Umuguen, Bur. Sci. 8186 Ramos:
Province of Laguna, Calauan, Cuming 456; Los Bafios and vicinity, Bur. Sci. 9675,
9906, 9916 Robinson.

On our specimen of Cuming 456 there are parts of two plants, the one with
narrower leaves, more acutely serrate, the other with wider leaves more obtusely
serrate: they may be different forms of the same species, but nothing has recently
been collected to match the narrower-leaved form. The point would not be
mentioned were it not that Weddell’s description seems to be based upon the
narrower-leaved type, whereas all the additional collections here cited agree well
with the broader-leaved. The leaves are oblique and very inequilateral; if the
narrower side were as wide as the other, the most usual shape would be oval. On
this conception of the limits of the species, it approaches closely to B. ulmifolium
Miq., reduced by Weddell to varietal rank under BK. sessile, but with leaves of
thicker texture, having the serrations fewer and much less closely set, A still
nearer match is Dr. King’s collector 521, from Coping in the Malay Peninsula,
named as H. sessile, differing chiefly in the nature of the pubescence and less
definitely in the texture of the leaves and the stipules. It is very much nearer
to any of the Indian and Javan specimens in this collection named as FE. sessile
than is HZ, brongniartianum, which Weddell made a variety of that species. Ignor-
ing here generic questions, discussed elsewhere, it may be worth while to discuss
the validity of the name £. sessile. The entire specifie diagnosis,” the first
species being a Procris, is “Sessile. 2 E. tetrandrum.” In the Prodromus (1786),

* Forst. J. R. & G. Char. Gen. Pl. (1776) 106.

~{. -. c=

PHILIPPINE URTICACEAE. 535

the younger Forster gave a fuller description but renamed it Dorstenia pubescens.
Persoon,” while citing H. sessile as a synonym, and only by implication referring
to its later designation, named it Elatostema pubescens. A strict construction of
the rules, would reject H. sessile in favor of H. pubescens (Forst. f.) Pers. The
quotation might seem to imply that E. tetrandum was the specific name intended
by the Forsters, but this is certainly not the case.

It is possible that the wider-leaved plants referred to above may represent
the missing EH. tomentosum Wedd., which would very satisfactorily explain its
later reduction by its author to EZ. sessile. The narrower-leaved plant, at least in
this herbarium, seems quite immature, it is possible that it may be a young plant
of what is here named E. angustatum, but so far as present collections can decide
the matter, the stipules seem to prohibit such a conclusion. However, these are
also absent from the broader-leaved plants of Cuming’s collection.

32. Elatostema plumbeum sp. nov.

Receptaculis staminiferis sessilibus, bracteis exterioribus orbiculari-
ovatis, subcorniculatis; floribus tetrameris : receptaculis pistilliferis ses-
silibus; bracteis exterioribus late orbiculari-ovatis, breviter corniculatis,
ceteris lanceolatis vel oblongo-lanceolatis: erectum, simplex, caulibus
dense retrorse subappresse strigosis; foliis oblique et anguste ellipticis
vel oblanceolatis, basis uno latere acutis, altero subariculatis, margine
crebre dentatis, apice acuminatis; stipulis lanceolatis, acutis, circiter 3
mm. longis.

Monoecious or dioecious: staminate receptacles sessile, outer bracts
orbicular-ovate, free from one another except ‘at the base, 3.5 mm long,
pilose, ciliate, thickened except at the apex and margins, barely corn-
iculate; next pairs nearly as long, much thinner in texture, obovate,
ciliate, barely corniculate ; bracteoles narrowly oblong-oblanceolate, cornic-
ulate; perianth-segments 4, excluding the apical hairs about 1 mm long,
oblanceolate; anthers 0.6 mm long: pistillate receptacles sessile; outer
bracts free nearly to base, about 2 mm long, 3 mm wide, broadly
rounded, somewhat corniculate; other bracts numerous, lanceolate or
oblong-lanceolate; all pilose and ciliate; bracteoles oblanceolate, exclud-
ing the dense apical tuft of hairs 1.5mm long; perianth-lobes 3, often
long for the genus, up to 0.2 mm; achenes brown, ellipsoid, 0.6 mm
long, coarsely longitudinally striate.

Erect except at base, succulent, unbranched, about 20 to 30 em high,
the stems densely retrorzely short-strigose: leaves subsessile, the lamina
membranaceous, obliquely and narrowly elliptic or oblanceolate, 5 to 8
em long, 12 to 20 mm wide, one side of the base acute or subobtuse, the
other shortly auriculate, the margins except at the base with crowded,
curved, often apiculate teeth, about 30 on the wider side, somewhat fewer
on the narrower, the lowest minute, the apex gradually contracted into
an acumen 1 to 1.5 em long, definitely triplinerved, the nerve of the
narrower side more often arising over 8 mm from the base, additional

* Syn, Pl, 2 (1807) 557.

Ae es 4 iy

536 : ROBINSON.

veins 6 to 8 on the wider side; fewer on the narrower, but with others
subparallel to them nearly as prominent; upper surface sparingly pilose
with numerous cystoliths, under densely pilose; stipules lanceolate, acute,
about 3 mm long.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Bur, Sci, 3495 Mearns. At first sight appearing
to be a succulent, unbranched, large-leaved form of EB. benguetense, but sufficiently
distinct to ensure its ready recognition, and also possessing many additional
points of separation. Both of these have been carefully compared with the
descriptions of H. tomentosum Wedd., afterwards made by him a variety of JZ.
sessile, a species that can not be identified at present: both seem to come near
to it, but not sufliciently; however, it is to EH. benguetense that it seems to
approach most nearly of all pur species.

33, Elatostema contiguum sp. nov.

K. obtusiusculo affine, sed differt foliorum apice longiuscule serrato-
acuminatis, -basi cuneata, dentibus minus obtusis, venis admodum
pluribus.

‘Staminate receptacles (only one seen, that young) sessile; outer bracts
free from one another except at the base, depressed-orbicular, 3 mm
long, 4 mm wide, broadly rounded and not corniculate at the apex, some-
what pilose and ciliate; inner bracts oval, 2 mm long, not corniculate,
densely ciliate ; bracteoles oblong-oblanceolate, 2 mm long, densely pilose
and ciliate; perianth-segments 5, lanceolate, pilose at the apex, hardly
corniculate: pistillate receptacles sessile; outer bracts triangular-ovate,
free for about 2 mm, very shortly corniculate, ciliate, somewhat pilose;
other bracts oblong-lanceolate, densely pilose-ciliate; bracteoles linear-
oblanceolate, excluding the pilose apex about 0.8 mm long; perianth
somewhat unequally 3-lobed, usually over 0.1 mm long; achenes ovoid,
0.6 mm long, pale with about 8 brown longitudinal lines.

Erect, somewhat succulent, more or less tufted, not or sparingly
branched, the stems with short dense appressed substrigose pubescence :
leaves very shortly petioled or the upper subsessile, the lamina firmly
membranaceous, obliquely elliptic or elliptic-oblanceolate, 5 to 9 em
long, 14 to 24 mm wide, or some of the basal reduced, the base acute or

subacute on both sides or rarely rounded on the wider, marginal teeth

about 20, usually more acute and spreading than in FB. obtusiusculum, the
apex protracted into a definite subcaudate serrate acumen 1 to 2 em long;
triplinerved, with 6 to 8 additional veins and others nearly as prominent,
forming a continuous lateral vein; cystoliths crowded on the glabrous
upper surface, inconspicuous on the pilose under surface; stipules lan-
ceolate, acuminate, ciliate, 3 to 4 mm long.

Luzon, Province of Tayabas, Mahabangsugsugan River, Bur. Sci. 9479 Robinson.
In addition to the characters noted as distinctive between this and #. obtusius-

culum, there are probably others to be found in the staminate receptacles, but
those of FE. contiguum are too young to permit positive statement.

a

ee ee
CE Nal de

PHILIPPINE URTICACEAE. 531

34. Elatostema obtusiusculum sp. nov.

é

EK. brongniartiano valde affine, sed differt foliis longioribus, magis
serratis, venis validioribus, latere latiore continuis, vel subcontinuis.

Staminate receptacles sessile: outer bracts orbicular-ovate, 2 mm long,
acuminate, shortly corniculate; the next shorter, ovate, shortly cornicu-
late, ciliate; bracteoles narrowly oblong, about 1.5 mm long, sparingly
ciliate; perianth-segments 5, oblong-oblanceolate, 1.5 mm long, the spurs
very unequal, up to 1 mm long; filaments slightly exceeding perianth ;
anthers white, 0.6 mm long: pistillate receptacles sessile; bracts united
at base, the free portion of the outer pair ovate, 1 mm long, slightly
corniculate, ciliate; the others lanceolate, pilose, ciliate; bracteoles linear-
oblanceolate, 1 mm long, densely pilose at the apex; flowers still young,
apparently perfectly typical.

rect except at base, usually tufted, somewhat succulent, 10 to 25 cm
high, the stems densely covered with short, stiff, brown and gray, nearly
appressed hairs: leaves subsessile, the lamina rather firmly membrana-
ceous, obliquely elliptic or elliptic-oblanceolate, 3 to 6 cm long, 13 to 28
mm wide, the base obtuse or subacute on the narrower side, shortly
auriculate on the wider, the margins except at the base serrate, the teeth
coarse, about 20 in number on full-sized leaves, usually thickened-apicu-
late, leaf-apex not or barely projecting beyond the general outline, obtuse ;
triplinerved, with 4 to 6 additional veins, all strongly projecting on the
under surface, the veins of both sides strongly arched-anastomosing with
the succeeding, nearly always forming a continuous line from base to
near the apex of the leaf, finer reticulations numerous, sufficiently con-
spicuous ; cystoliths crowded on the glabrous upper surface, inconspicuous
on the under, which is appressed-strigose on the veins; stipules lanceolate,
deciduous-apiculate, 2 to 3 mm long.

Luzon, Province of Tayabas, Mahabangsugsugan River, growing on rocks at
an elevation of from 100 to 150 m, Bur. Sci. 9480 Robinson (type): Province of
Camarines, Maagnas, Bur. Sci. 6359 Robinson, fragmentary, but differing only
by having the apparently younger leaves more pubescent. This approaches
closely to large specimens of H. brongniartianum, such as Copeland 288, but seems
to differ from all collections of that species in the characters above noted and
in the nature of the stem-pubescence. Only after long hesitation, is it published
as distinct from that species and the succeeding. LH. contiguum is its near
neighbor both in systematic position and in habitat, the types coming from
similar situations less than 1 Km apart. In the field they were sufficiently dis-
tinct to be gathered as such without hesitation, and they can at once be sep-
arated by the leaf-apices and bases, and less definitely by the more acute leaf-
teeth and slightly more numerous veins of EH. contiguum: however, they are
closely allied, both falling in the F. sessile alliance, though distinct enough from
its typical forms.

|
|
/
ea

538 ROBINSON.

35. Elatostema brongniartianum Wedd. in Ann. Sci. Nat. Bot. IV 1 (1854)
190. ‘

FB, sessile var. minus Wedd. in Arch. Mus. Paris 9 (1856) 294.

E. sessile var. brongniartianum Wedd, in DC. Prodr. 16% (1869) 173.

Luzon, Province of Bataan, Mount Mariveles, Williams 260, Copeland 288,
Whitford 174, part: Province of Laguna, Calauan, Cuming 629 (type collection) ;
Mabalucbaluc, Bur. Sci. 6057 Robinson; Mount Banajao, Bur. Sci. 6080 Robinson.
Neeros, Canlaon Volcano, Merrill 6908.

Cuming 629 was a mixture, and both species under which it was cited are
represented on the sheet in this herbarium. From Weddell’s key, they might
be expected to differ in the leaf-apex, but in this they are very similar, the dis-
tinguishing characters given in the description being the eystoliths and the color
of the leaves. The other collections here cited are good matches for the cotype,
some having rather larger leaves, others narrower ones: the longest leaf on the
cotype is 2 cm long, on any other 3.5 cm; the greatest width is 14 mm. This is
almost sufficient in itself to justify a separation from a species with leaves 5 to
15 em long, 2.5 to 6 em wide, but there are additional characters. An apical leaf-
tooth is present, as in almost every other species of the genus, this but rarely
and then barely projects beyond the general outline of the leaf, whereas in the
7 sheets in this herbarium from Java and India, of EF. sessile and species referred
to it as varieties by Weddell, the apex is always very distinctly acuminate. The
Philippine plants are also more pubescent, and the lateral veins are usually 3 or
4 on the wider side of the leaves. For the identification of 2. sessile var. minus,
I am indebted to Dr. F. Gagnepain, of the Muséum d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris,
who writes that the labels on the sheets in that herbarium are so changed, in
Weddell’s own handwriting. 1

Weddell attributes this species to India and Australia also; there is no ref-
erence to it in Flora Australiensis: the Indian plant was FE. reptans Hook. f.*

36. Elatostema variegatum sp. noy.

Receptaculis pistilliferis sessilibus, bracteis omnibus subsimilibus,
oblongo-lanceolatis: suberectum, caulibus dense pubescentibus; foliis
membranaceis, variegatis, oblique oblanceolatis ad obovatis, apice haud
vel vix acuminatis, triplinerviis, stipulis anguste oblongis, apiculatis, 3
mm longis.

Pistillate receptacles sessile, about 4 mm in diameter; bracts more or
less fused at the base, the outer similar to the others, oblong-lanceolate, 1
mm or slightly more in length, ciliate, not or barely corniculate ; bracteoles
narrowly oblong-oblanceolate, slightly over 1 mm long, densely pilose
at the apex; perianth typical; achenes ellipsoid, about 0.5 mm long, pale
with faint brown longitudinal lines.

Nearly erect from a creeping base, 8 to 12 cm high, the stems very
densely covered with cinereous and fulvous substrigose spreading pubes-
cence: leaves very shortly petioled or subsessile, the lamina membrana-
ceous, beautifully variegated when fresh with light- and dark-green, less
conspicuously so when dried, oblanceolate to obovate, 12 to 36 mm long,
8 to 12 mm wide, with other reduced leaves, the base acute or subobtuse

* FI. Br. Ind. 5 (1888) 568.

ne eS

ry

PHILIPPINE URTICACEAE. 539

on the narrower side, rounded or very shortly auriculate on the wider,
the margins entire for a little more or less than half the length of the
leaf, thereafter with from 4 to 7 acute and often apiculate teeth on the
wider side and 3 to 5 on the narrower, the apical tooth acute or subacute,
hardly projecting beyond the general outline; triplinerved, with 2 to 4
additional veins on the wider side and 1 or 2 on the narrower, these and
the nerves subparallel nearly free from one another; pilose on both sur-
faces without conspicuous cystoliths; stipules narrowly oblong, 3 mm
long, apiculate. ;

Luzon, Province of Laguna, base of Mount Banajao at 800 m elevation, on
rocks, Bur, Sci. 9767 Robinson. Nearest to EH. brongniartianum, but besides the
color of the leaves, having much freer venation, with the base entire for a greater
distance.

37. Elatostema benguetense sp. nov.

Sublignosum, ramosum, dioicum: receptaculis sessilibus, staminif-
erorum bracteis haud corniculatis, floribus. tetrameris: foliis sessilibus,
firmiter membranaceis, plus minusve oblique ellipticis, anguste oblongis,
vel lanceolatis, margine basi excepta dentatis, haud acuminatis, tripli-
nerviis ; stipulis lanceolatis, 1 ad 1.5 mm longis. .

More often dioecious: staminate receptacles sessile; outer bracts free
except at base, about 2.5 mm long, 3.5 to 4 mm wide at base, the apex

_ broadly rounded, the keels not reaching the apex, sparingly pilose and

densely ciliate; inner bracts broadly oblanceolate, 3 mm long, ciliate at
the apex, not corniculate; bracteoles similar but narrower; perianth-
segments 4, broadly oblong to lanceolate, 1.5 mm long, shortly corniculate,
ciliate at least at the apex; anthers about 1 mm long; pistillate recep-
tacles sessile; outer bracts suborbicular, free for about half their length,
broadly rounded, not corniculate, about 1.5 mm long, other bracts obovate,
equally long, densely ciliate; bracteoles similar but narrower; perianth
minute, 3-lobed, glabrous or more or less ciliate; ovary very shortly
stipitate, ellipsoid, 0.7 mm long, striate; stigma with deciduous white
pubescence as long as itself; achenes 1 mm long.

Erect, much branched, 20 to 60 em high, the lower part of the stem
glabrous and woody, the upper densely short-pubescent: leaves sessile,
the lamina firmly membranaceous, more or less oblique, elliptic, narrowly
oblong, or lanceolate, 8 to 30 mm long, 2 to 12 mm wide, the narrower
side of the base acute or subobtuse, the wider subauriculate, the margins
except at the base with conspicuous but rather shallow teeth, or much
more rarely merely sinuate, the teeth acute or somewhat blunt, directed
forward, most often 8 on each side but varying from 6 to 12, or with
fewer on reduced leaves, the terminal tooth 1 to 2 mm long, apiculate,
but not extending beyond the general outline of the leaf; the upper
surface glabrous or slightly pilose, with numerous cystoliths, the under

ere ee Me ty Vig A,
wi Vo

is

a Pe eee ee ee ee ee ee ee Se ee ee be ee ne ae

540 ROBINSON.

densely strigose on the veins or glabrous; triplinerved with about 4 ad-
ditional veins; stipules lanceolate, 1 to 1.5 mm long.

Luzon, District of Bontoe, Vanoverbergh 500: District of Lepanto, Mount Data,
Merrill 4507: Province of Benguet, Mount Pulog, Merrill 6568, For, Bur, 16050
Curran, Merritt, & Zsckokke; Pauai, Bur. Sci. 4354, 4392 Mearns, Bur, Sci. 8434
McGregor; Mount Tonglon (Santo Tomas), For, Bur, 5006 Curran (type), Hlmer
6563, For. Bur. 11100 Whitford: elevations from 1900 to 2200 m.

Easily distinguished from FE. brongniartianum by its habit, from EF. podophyl-
lum by the narrower leaf-bases and the different serration.

38. Elatostema podophyllum Wedd. Ann. Sci. Nat. Bot. LV 1 (1854) 189.

Luzon, Province of Benguet, Pauai, Bur. Sci. 4355 Mearns, Por. Bur, 14447
‘Darling: Province of Tayabas, Mount Banajao, Cuming 789 (type collection) ;
Mount Banajao de Lucban, For. Bur. 879 Klemme, Whitford 940; (Infanta),
Mount Binuang, Bur. Sci. 9356, 9390 Robinson. Maixvoro, Mount Halcon, Merrill
6171. The second collection cited from Mount Binuang, collected at an elevation
of 900 m, has some of the leaves quite entire. The Mindoro distribution is to
be noted, as it is only one of several cases that have been made evident by
recent explorations. Probably all three Banajao collections were from the same
mountain.

The pistillate receptacles are now known: it may be sufficient to say that
they are sessile, of small size, and conform in all respects to the general type
of the genus: the staminate flowers are 4- or 5-merous.

Endemic.

39. Elatostema halconense sp. nov.

Receptaculis pistilliferis sessilibus; bracteis exterioribus subliberis lan-
ceolatis, haud acuminatis: lignosum, ramis apicem versus dense pubes-
centibus; foliis membranaceis, oblanceolatis vel anguste ellipticis, mar-
gine utroque latere dentibus saepissime duobus gerentibus, apice con-
spicue acuminatis.

Pistillate receptacles sessile, small; outer bracts free nearly to base,
lanceolate, about 1.5 mm long, barely or not corniculate, densely pilose
and ciliate; inner bracts similar but narrower; bracteoles linear-oblan-
ceolate, densely pilose at the apex; flowers shortly pedicellate; perianth
minute, 3-lobed, more or less ciliate; ovary ovoid, about 0.4 mm long;
stigma penicillate-villose.

Erect, 30 to 70 cm high, the stems woody, much. branched except near
the base, the branches and the upper part of the stem covered with dense
somewhat appressed pubescence; leaves sessile or subsessile, the lamina
membranaceous, oblanceolate or narrowly elliptic, 15 to 32 mm long,
5 to 10 mm wide, base of the narrower side acute, of the somewhat wider
obtuse or very shortly auriculate, the basal half or ‘two-thirds of the
margins entire, then with usually 2 acute or obtuse teeth on each side,
the acumen narrowly lanceolate, 5 to 13 mm long, acute, apiculate; the
glabrous olivaceous upper surface with numerous cystoliths, under sur-
face paler, appressed-pubescent on the veins, without conspicuous cys-

YT oe

,

oe a eer eee ES TS SS eT 8 aR

PHILIPPINE URTICACEAE. 541°

-

toliths; triplinerved, with 2 or 3 additional veins; stipules lanceolate.
acute, pubescent, about 1.5 mm long, deciduous.

Mrnporo, Mount Halcon, in ridge-forest at 750 m, Merrill 5786.

40. Elatostema sublignosum sp. nov.

E. halconensi affine, sed differt foliis longioribus, magis dentatis, caule
ramisque densius pubescentibus.

Pistillate receptacles sessile, 2 to 3 mm in diameter: outer pair of
bracts ovate, 1.5 mm long, obliquely short-corniculate, ciliate, pilose ;
other bracts narrowly oblong, otherwise similar; bracteoles linear-oblan-
ceolate, 1.5 mm long, long-pilose; flowers shortly pedicellate; perianth
about 0.1 mm long, 3-lobed; ovary elliptic, compressed, about 0.4 mm
long; stigma penicillate-villose.

Erect, woody, especially as seen in dried material, 40 to 70 cm high,

- widely branching, the branches and the upper part of the stem densely

covered with dirty-yellowish somewhat spreading pubescence: leaves ses-
sile or subsessile, the lamina membranaceous, obliquely oblanceolate to
elliptic, 1.5 to 13.5 em long, 5 to 32 mm wide, the base of the narrower
side acute or more often subobtuse, that of the wider rounded or very
shortly auriculate, teeth of the wider side 3 to 6, of the narrower 2 to 5,
most often 3, the acumen lanceolate, 7 to 35 mm long, acute or subacute ;
upper surface glabrous with very numerous cystoliths, the under fulvous-
pilose; triplinerved, with 3 or 4 additional veins; stipules lanceolate, 2
to 4 mm long.

Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mount Banajao, Bur. Sci. 9754 (type), 9859 Robin-

son; Mabalucbalue, Bur. Sci. 6014 Robinson: growing at elevations from 600 to
800 m. A Formosan specimen, no. 1260, is nearly identical.

41. Elatostema baruringense Elmer Leafl. Philip. Bot. 3 (1910) 890.

Receptaculis staminiferis saepe fasciculatis, sessilibus; bracteis ex-

-terioribus basin versus liberis, late ovatis vel oblongo-ovatis, 2 mm longis,

haud corniculatis, pilosis, ciliatis; interioribus similibus, densius ciliatis ;
bracteolis lineari-oblanceolatis longe pilosis; perianthio 4-partito: foliis
rigidiuscule membranaceis, oblique ellipticis vel oblanceolatis, 8 ad 13
em longis, 24 ad 42 mm latis, pagina superiore costa excepta glabra,
marginibus lateris latioris 9- ad 14-dentatis, apice acuminatis; tripliner-
viis, venis saepissime 5 vel 6 additis; aliter sicut in specie praecedente.

MINDANAO, District of Davao, Baruring River, in dense forests at 1,200 m,
Elmer 10916. \

This and the two preceding species are very closely allied, possibly having
their nearest alliance among previously described species in H#. iniegrifolium
Wedd., from which the stipules and still more the details of structure of the
staminate flowers keep them quite distinct. When compared with one another,
it is equally obvious that they are very similar and yet not identical, but with
the differences of such a nature that additional collections may serve to unite

|
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A ee ee "Da tnileall 5 Die) lk eel ad s ae a ee) ee

542 ROBINSON.

them. The chief differences are in the pubescence and the number of. leaf-teeth,
characters apt to be variable, but the specimens from the various localities are
fairly constant with one another. Superficially, there is considerable resemblance
between FE. halconense and HE. caudatum Uallier,” but they are probably in quite
different alliances: it is very probable that H. thalictroides Stapf“ is much more
closely allied, though quite distinet. From FH. lineolatum Wight, which it greatly
resembles, it can readily be distinguished by the stipules.

42, Elatostema integrifolium Wedd. in DC. Prodr, 161 (1869) 179.

Procris integrifolia Don Prodr. Fl. Nepal. (1825) 61.

Blatostema sesquifolium Hassk. Cat. Hort. Bogor. Alt. (1844). 79.

. Procris sesquifolia Reinw. ex Blume Bijdr, (1825) 511.

Hlatostema cuspidiferum Miq. Pl. Jungh. (1851) 22.

MrInDANAO, District of Davao, Mount Apo, Elmer 10514: Lake Lanao, Camp
Keithley, Mrs. Clemens 406: District of Zamboanga, San Ramon, Copeland 735,
PALAWAN, Malampaya, Merrill 7248; Point Separation, Merrill 813.

It would be very difficult to get a better description of the plants above cited
than that given for this species by Weddell, yet they are not exactly matched by
any of two Javan collections received under the name of H. sesquifolium, nor by
two from India named FH, integrifolium, nor are they quite identical with one
another; although there can be no doubt of the very close alliance of all nine.
Blume, the only writer who has described the pistillate flowers of this species,
has done so in such a way that his plants could hardly belong in Blatostema, To
that genus, the staminate receptacles show that all of the Philippine collections

belong, but their pistillate receptacles are as yet unknown. Miquel, in describing ,

HE. cuspidiferum, which he as well as Weddell and Hooker later identified with
HE. sesquifolium, said that the staminate bracts were apiculate. They are not
apiculate in the Philippine collections; Hooker describes them as rounded.

43. Elatostema scapigerum sp. nov.

Receptaculis staminiferis magnis, longe pedunculatis, pedunculis e
plantae basi oriundis, receptaculis pistilliferis in foliorum avillis ses-
silibus: foliis admodum parvis, oblique lanceolatis ad obovatis, basis uno
latere acutis altero rotundatis, margine dentatis, apice breviter vel haud
acuminatis, subtriplinerviis.

Staminate receptacles on rather stout pubescent peduncles 6 to 8.5
em long, arising in the axils of branches at or near the surface of the
ground, 13 to about 20 mm in diameter; bracts strongly fused near the
peduncle, free for about 2 mm along the margins, stellately arranged,
lanceolate, pilose, acuminate but hardly corniculate, a single ovate outer
one seen; perianth-segments 4, ovate, corniculate, 2.5 mm long, cu-
cullate, pilose; filaments 4, 2 mm long, anthers 1 mm long: pistillate
receptacles sessile in the axils of present or fallen leaves, up to 5.5 mm
in diameter; bracts fused, the free portions lanceolate or oblong-lance-
olate, about 1.5 mm long, ciliate-serrate; perianth 3-lobed, about 0.1 mm
long; ovary ovoid, about 0.5 mm long, smooth or the achene somewhat
striate.

* Ann, Jard. Buitenz. 13 (1896) 307, pl. 27, f. 3.
“ Trans. Linn. Soc. Bot. 11 4 (1894) 229, pl. 19, f. B, 5-8.

eS Cee eer, eet

PHILIPPINE URTICACEAE. 543

Stems apparently creeping with erect branches, up to 30 cm long,

_ densely nearly appressed-pubescent: leaves subssessile, the lamina firmly

membranaceous, inequilateral, obliquely oval or somewhat lanceolate or
obovate, 15 to 26 mm long, 7 to 13 mm wide, one side of base rounded,
the other acute, the narrower side with from 2 to 5 teeth, the wider
with from 4 to 7, the apical tooth little or not projecting beyond: the
general outline of the leaf; sparingly pilose on the upper surface,
strongly so beneath especially on the veins, the upper with numerous
linear cystoliths, the under minutely punctate, subtriplinerved, the
basal nerve of the narrower side distinctly longer that the usually 2
veins, on the wider side little or not longer than the 3 veins: stipules
lanceolate, about 3 mm long.

Luzon, Province of Bontoe, Vanoverbergh 587 (type). With this may belong
Merrill 4378, Baguio to Ambuklao, Benguet, with immature pistillate receptacles.
The position of the staminate peduncle is so entirely different from that in any
other of our species that there is a bare possibility that it may prove a mon-
strosity, otherwise it is a perfectly typical Hlatostema. The structure of the
receptacles shows that it is not at all a primitive form, as is the case with a
high proportion of our species having peduneled receptacles.

[To be concluded.)

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REVIEWS.

A Research on the Pines of Australia. By ae De Baise F. L. S, curator
and economic botanist, and Henry G. Smith, F, C. S., assistant curator and
economic chemist. With an introduction by a ae of public instruc-
tion, J. A. Hogue. Published by the authority of the government of the
State of New South Wales. Technical Education Series, No. 16, department
of education, technical education branch, technological musewm, New South
Wales. Folio. Cloth. Pp. xiv+458. 3 maps, LXXVII plates, 298 figures.
Sydney, 1910.

This elaborate and profusely illustrated work is one of a series (see
No. 13 on the Eucalypts of Australia and their Essential Oils) in which
important groups of Australian plants are considered, the effort being to
treat them systematically, with the aid of all available sources of informa- ©
tion, whether biological or chemical.

The Australian and Tasmanian Coniferae are considered under eleven
genera and thirty-eight species. The genus Callitris, with eighteen
species, receives the most extended consideration. The authors express
the belief that this genus contains what are perhaps the oldest living
representatives of the order. They propose to place the genera Callitris
and Actinostrobus in close proximity to Araucaria and Agathis, 1 regard-
ing the bracts of the cones in the first-mentioned genera as_ sterile
sporophylls.

The presence of a manganese compound in the wood, leaves, bark and
lamella of Callitris and the other genera is noted. It is suggested that
the dark-colored, glistening substance filling the so-called resin-cells in
the secondary wood of the conifers is in reality this compound. The
work of the authors does not seem to me to be conclusive as regards this
point. The consistent oceurrence of manganese in various parts of
Callitris and other Australian conifers is taken to mean that manganese
is a necessary constituent in the production of the most complete growth
of these species. This conclusion does not seem to the reviewer to be
warranted. It is not sufficiently well shown that the manganese is
beneficial.

The taxonomy of the group is not ‘fully treated. This perhaps is due
to the lack of literature mentioned by the authors in several places.
There is noticeable in the. work a certain regrettable looseness in the use
of technical terms; for example, the term “pines” is’ used in the title

99454 —6 545

ae , sk )6h ee ee eee Fae ea. Oe ee ee LS le Ls ee ee ee 4 “ vO ae i i wren
SE whe thing ag aie, yer = = ae Tee : +
.

546 REVIEWS.

to refer to the conifers of Australia, when true pines do not occur in
that region. In several places, as on pages 296, 331, 377, 427, the term
cells is used where bordered pits are meant. The illustrations are, in the
main, very good. Natural color photography has been used in the
reproduction of some of the micro-sections. Unfortunately, some of the
sections were too thick to make it possible to show much of detail in
their reproduction. D2:

In addition to the botanical features of the book reviewed in the above
paragraphs, there are many things which will arouse the interest of an
organic chemist. The advantages accruing from the codperation of
botanist and chemist are well shown in the systematic method of treat-
ment and the arrangement of the subject-matter.

The work on essential oils contains many noteworthy results, a few of
which may be cited. The optical rotation of the terpenes of the oils from
the leaves of some species of Callitris is in the opposite direction to that
obtained from the fruits, even if collected from the same tree; some of
the leaf oils contain a high per cent of geranyl acetate; guaiol occurs in
the wood of most of the species of Callitris. A new phenol, named by
the author, callitrol, has been isolated. Limonene is found in the majority
of the species of the same genus associated with geraniol and geranyl
acetate. Athrotaxis selaginoides Don yields limonene having the rota-
tion [a], = -} 112.2°; the oil distilled from Dacrydium franklinii Hook.
f. contains a new terpene which the authors have termed daecrydene ;
ymethyl eugenol occurs to the extent of about 86 per cent in the oil dis-
tilled from the wood of Dacrydium franklinii Hook. f. A new diterpene
was isolated from the oil yielded by Phyllocladus rhomboidalis Rich.

The large amount of material which the authors have examined is
probably responsible for the fact that the experimental work appears to
have been curtailed to the extent that serious doubts arise in the mind
of the reader as to whether or not some of the compounds described were
identified with sufficient exactness. More precise quantitative data would
add considerable value to the book from the standpoint of a chemist, and
it is probable that anyone interested in the commercial phases of the
work would make the same criticism. For instance, it is suggested that
Agathis robusta C. Moore may be a commercial source of turpentine, yet
the average yield of oleo-resin per tree, the rate of flow of the resin, or
the relative abundance of these trees in any given district is not statéd.

B.. PB;

REVIEWS. 547

The Smuts of Australia. Their Structure, Life History, Treatment, and Clas-
sification. By D. McAlpine. Cloth. Pp. vi+288. Frontispiece. LVI plates,
15 text figures. Price, with postage, 4s. 9d. Melbourne: Department of Agri-
culture, 1910.

_ This work, a companion volume to “The Rusts of Australia,” by the
same author, has much more than a local value. It is so written as to
be at once a scientific paper of great excellence, and to be within the
grasp of everyone who is forced to combat a disease caused by species of
the group. A short glossary gives explanations of the few terms likely
to cause difficulty.

Descriptions are given of 68 species in 10 genera, practically all of
them figured; 11 are new, there are several additional transfers, and a
change of name which, however desirable it may be from one standpoint,
is not in accordance with the present usage of workers in other groups.
A very few of these are known from the Philippines. *

The interest to those concerned with problems of more tropical regions
is not so much in the purely systematic part of the work, as the extended
discussions of many general problems, embodying the results of much
recent work on the part of the author and of others, and in the descrip-
tions of methods followed both in the investigations and in the practical
treatment of the diseases. In this way, it will prove of the greatest as-
sistance to all who are in any way interested in these destructive fungi in
any country in the world. The life-histories are given, so far as known.

Criticisms must be of a very minor nature. The method of number-
ing the figures is somewhat confusing, and it would aid at least the
reviewer to have the new species and combinations designated as such.
There are a few cases where exception might be taken to the nomenclature.

The paper is of good quality, and the proof has been very carefully read.
ae. it.

oe =

)

ERRATA. |

; .

Page 86, line 10 from the top, for Thumb., read Thunb.

Page 128, line 7 from the top, for Rhnychosia, read Rhynchosia.

Page 144, last line, for subullgerum, read subuligerum.

Page 326, line 7 from the top, for ANTHRAXON, read ARTHRAXON.

Page 371, last line, for 7’. oldhami, read R. oldhami.
: 549

~>, Waa

oOo

INDEX. :

(New genera and species and combinations published for the first time are in black-
faced type; synonyms and species mentioned ra he in the text are indicated by the

page references being in italics.)

A

Page

OE Py Oa Sy 108 |
Bbrus ov. .-Wigbt.,-...........,..... 108 |
fruticulosus Wall. 109
laevigatus E. Mey. 109
precatorius Linn. 108
manenelius Wall. <....-.-....:......-.-- 109

Ce SST Ca 197
graveolens var. hirtum

UCI Re oe 8-5 sdccecatsaes 197

hirtum (Lam.) G. Don........ 197 |

PS 27
caesia (Linn.) Willd. ............ 29
eoneimne DC. ...-...........-....--.---- 28
concinna Naves 29
Someuen Merr. ...............-........- 27
farnesiana (Linn.) Willd. .... 28
PUPAE e.. ve ecacce--22-se--c+----0-- 30
holosericea A. Cunn, ............. 30

i rides WPM pace. cna ansapopnaun 29
“lebbatk AWA st 2 cc 8 28
lebbekoid@a2 DG, 22°) 23
Margineta~ Plam:~ <..7::.5 seta 28,24

Niopo- Llanos S5.4.5-5220,5seneaee 83
pennata (Linn.) Willd. ........ ~<29

var. arrophula (Don)
Baker ~.:..:....35.eeam 29, 30

var. pluricapitata
(Steud.) Baker .... 29, 30

philippinarum Benth, ............ 28, 29
procera Willd. . ......---ccskee 21
richii Forbes & Hemsky 27, 28
rugata (Lam.) Ham ici 28
Bremer rie CANN, ._. 2-23.12. scsecetnnks ape 191, 357
australis Linn., i.e 192
grandibracteata Merr. _....... 191

grandis var. velutina Muell.-
EE «cca 2.d.20nssagaseewe eee 357
stipulacea ‘Klotz. eae 357
tiliaefolia Muell.-Arg. -....... 192

MRED OCOLS ooo. ....-.snscceresreossres

Acanthocladium Mitt.
korthalsii Broth. ...... 159

é lancifolium Broth. .... 159

robinsonii Broth. ...... 159

Acrocarpus fraxinifolius Wight -....... 136
Adenanthera AC pli REP 952 82
OCG BIANCO ..nernssesresonae 382

intermedia Merr. ....... aia 32

pavonina Auct. Philip. ..° 32

F Page.
) Adiantum Doitin> ee ycccseseedies \ lee debcasee 320
edgeworthii Hook. ........ oe 320
Adinandra Jaek -2s0::22s- iat eet Fe MAREN 363
dumosa Jack 363
montana Merr. 363
Aecidium clerodendri P. Henn. .......... 164
Aerobryopsis. Fleig@hiz) cates oc 153
longissima (Doz. &
Molk.) Fleisch. 153
longissima yar, dozyana
(C. Mill.) Fleisch. .. 153
Aeschynomene Lintiy x fatgeecs....2:...... 76
arborea. Blanco .......... 80
Bw SN eS A 7
cannabina Retz. 74
grandiflora Linn. _...... 75
MEVOPOM ) PAABSD. o.oo cpasckacaces 76
paludosa Roxb. ............ V4
roxburghii Spreng. 76
ATeGirecoljisa A. Grey -.is.c.<..-.-c5 cesses. 40
palembanica (Miq.) Baker...... 41
rhomboides Vid. 7.2.04. 41
Agati cannabina Desy, ........... sles shhh fae 74
srandifioraé “Lesv sca. caseis-s. soe dees 75
PMU Lint). -d.agic., snaceseeeahalasctenstethesp 393
conyzoldes Lan. ...3.:-.;24.:.2... 393
eSIWIS GUL! -.:-2 2... bee 184, 355
elliptifolia Merrie es. 355
lanceolata Morr irises... J cccc enn 184
meroptia Linn. .et se teee eases: 328
OLMGTi PROP ve tee cs. 25-2. . 328
perennans (Walt.) Tuck, ...... 828
memariniioa- inn. © ..-...-.-.---...0-- aby i
UML LGDOSE EOC. sg se cos canets csednese sovecn=cs-cgruaues 401
TONGA MOTT) cascccscceccstevzauhaye 401
miraaexuosa Linn,” .....)....-.2-s sae 380
APUDIERIS- TOUTE LS... os. + nescknaneer so sgawanneion 21
acle (Blanco) Merr. .--.:..-.... 25
FRIST sein WVU pce2,s= 2 teks -- 23
THULET EMILE V Us tipsicetescosndaceveen 23, 24
lebbeck (Linn.) Benth. ........ 23
3 lebbekoides (DC.) Benth. .... 23
littoralis Teysm. & Binn.-.... 22
Gs File yo nie tener eins sn 24
lucida (Roxb.) Benth. .......... 26
marginata (I.am.) Merr, .... 23
odoratissima (Linn. f.) Benth. 24, 26
procera P6rk. ...c.cn0-dserenee 22, 23
procera (Roxb.) Benth. ........ 21
551

et ine |

ae ae

ae

ia st, SRT Siero TT © Cees ee PY a ee Pe OS rs oP A Ie = = in ba) Sh se ae eh ee he ee eae
s . p : eee *

552 INDEX.
Page. | Page
Albigzia retusa. Benth. i000. ...c.0.0..0i0.8 22° | Avelig Llnd, 2 .caeceins.ietensauchbecds~s-crsapevee 369
MOPUIME “POPS aie iete heck 21 hypoleucsa, (Préal.. icine cic 369
saponaria (Lour.) Blume...... 24 | Avdtaia Bw, ..25./Gomevese lames cavenete 212, 372
scandens Merr, ......--..--...------- a Ba, biflora Merr. ..............- 212
APU ASE Vsch ssoce cose ca dacassec 23,24). boisstert’ Ae Os suck sec.l ck 217
: ( tomentella Merr. .................. 24, 25 Clomlentlit BRIM. cosets ses seccodacanes 213
; Alchornea Muell.-Arg. .....................--- 192 confertifiota: Mérr: .2.5.:....0024... 213
PROT Peer VANS. hes ccceccsesee use 192 etignpa (Timinb.? ASDC. 2x... 872
parviflora Muell.-Arg. ...... 192 OUT PRI ROR en thes he cs cc etc veceey 214
sicca (Blanco) Merr. ........ 192 OUTELHOR DOOR e ssece easiness cock ce 372
gia ty Sobel: A ae i a ae 338 darlingil;’ Merri. ......-:-- aed 215
spicata (Thunb.) Franch. .... 388 Cis ume Mer. caso ooe ics ny ates 216
NMUGRADIN Pte RTS - senvchseaseSeeetebeec¥sapues-res-0-3 224 humilis Meee -inihestn ans 216; 817
paucinervia Merr, ................ 224 lanceolata Roxb. ..2...........2.:0000 216
DROOL A ROUE INGOIS = ci casks nasegcetyses danas sses- 91 littoraliavendheten.uscee 216, 217
bupleurifolius (Linn.) macgregorii Merr. .................. 217
1 3 |B ala gee eR Me ot ase 91 mindorensis Merr. .................. 218
nummularifolius (Linn.) oblongifolia Merr. ................-. 219
S17 il SG aa Ne ae a 92 | palawanensis Merr. ................ 220
vaginalis (Linn.) DC. .... 92 pardaling (MGS acces scissile 872
vaginalis var. nummula- Dirlfolieh@es alain. se cettican 217
vis CERI Mp. Bt epee a 92 Purpurea, PSG Wii nor cme 216
Amaranthaceae 346 reptane. Merry oo.iec te 220
TRAD OTN LATE ois ai pincescecsoncvacseracdevees 346 VOFrucosa:|PPOEl 2.352082 oe slag 217
Spinogiie; Link. ......0......... 846. | Arenafia Linn, dec agt iene. ae 346
Amerimnon mimosella Blanco............ 97, 98 serpyllifolia Linn. 3846
Amorpha glandulosa Blanco.............. 68 | Arisaema Mart, ».............0.:00. 336
Mwinelopats MICK ee 6 345..cc wie cee endo s. 360 | cumingih SGhott! «...........i0uts 336
heterophylla (Thunb. ) polyphyllum
BlGD.: Ge QMWOls Ans cste * BBO Mer tits 6. ok wee 336
MI MORTCIBCORE. 2-05. sicc ccoctiucee veges seenbys. ses 357 polyphyllum var. angus-
Soe gk! Naga BO RRB eect et eee Serene 397 tifolitim Merr: .:...:0fcc<% 336
adnata (Wall.) DC. ........ 697 |} Avisti@a Ian, Ve Seas eee 328
contorta (Don) Hook. f. -. 397 | cumingiana Trin. & Rupr. .. 328
Anastrophyllum Steph. ...-.........0........ $10 | Aristolochiacene ys. sire 174
Andira horsfieldii Lesch. ........ eae Be 207.\ Aplatolochtaintiom.sn nuit. 174
Andrachne trifoliata Roxb. ................ 356 macgregorii Merr. ........ 174
Bnaropowon Litin.........:..::..-.... cpus. 167 Artomniste Eilsin. Cheesy aks wecccluetas 398
MIC CACe. 2100. sar ciedodeee 167 gaplllanio: Thumty 2.2.2 c0% 398
schoenanthus. Blanco ...... 167 Arthraxon Beauv. ........ “Soft 5 ae oO 326
schoenanthus Linn. ........ 167 ciliaris subsp. quartinia-
Ss cecleh NE) bs Ge Ene, eee eee 348 nus (A. Rich.) Hack. .. 326
vitifolia Ham, ............. nancies 348 microphyllus (Trin.)
PU MEN EOD NLOIE 628 oo cine nesconspoeueke- ces 328 HowiitsGectet ee 326
agrostoides Merr. .......... 329 | aArundinaria Michx. ...cccccc.-cceccc0--- 267, 332
Anoectangium (Hedw.) Bryol. Eur. .. 144 niitakayamensis Pe
euchloron (Schwaegr. ) vee Loree 267, 832
Mitt. ---------e---- 144 | pygmaea Kurz .............- 268
Anomobryum Schimp. — .....--.---.---.---- 146,313) apundinella Raddi .........-...-...... 826
cymbifolium (Lindb.) | aetcan’ iDvin 326
Py Broth. .......-.-.----++++-- 147 Asclepiadaceae 2o2......020..kes SS 379
gemmigerum Broth, .... 146 | Asplenium Linn. ......c..eccscecesceseeeeeeees 319
|

uncinifolium Broth. .. 146, 313 | contiguum Kaulf. ............ 319

enthozenthum Ling... ~...........5.5......,..0- 328 elmeri Christ 319
luzoniense Merr. ........ 328 filiceps Copel. 285
apalatoa -blandol. Marr. ..2.5.250............ =O 4 laptintie ds coin oheeess Nee 820
BG AEN: 188 0) 19 an a ed eee oat, 2 TAGs) loherianum Christ .......... 320
mutica Linn. 326 | stantoni Copel. ...........-...- 320
NINDS cones cacsecsvevvsoscsnscinescesnsce 224 | trifoliatum Copel. 284
PRUISOIIRGBAS « . nc... cco.ccscnnnseo-one eis 198; 858 \\Agter Linn: ....:. cect ee 394
Araceae. ..:.......-. BE ea bed CEN ee ea 3835 philippinensis Moore ........... eee 394
Arachis Linn, .... . 77 trinervius ROxD. orl icc. ccess- vane 394
TAF VORB OS PADD iio. 2c cinnoesecees 7. \, Astiibe Mam... 2. cance eee atisas ete 351
Araliaceae

210, 369 philippinensis Henry ............ 351

te

eee

ee Sree

[7

PORTA ees

Se

INDEX. 553

Page. | Page.

Astrocalyx Merr. .......-.----------2-seesseeee=" 203 | Bauhinia dolichocalyx Merr. ........-..--- 44

pleiosandra Merr. ...........- 203 elongata; Orth 2- <.2-1.....-.-2 46

Athyrium FeOth 22.2.2 sss cts es sees eee 319 | ferrugines “Perk. .....--....-..-- 45

anisopterum Christ ............ 319 | Pulva: «Bee WS pectient ec cvestr mae 45

aristulatum Copel. -.........-. 319 grandiflora Blanco ..........-- 44

drepanopteron (Ktze.) A. | inermis Perr. 47

Bree aves ret Ape 319 kappleri Sagot 46

macrocarpum (Blume) | khasiana Baker: ..:.......-...-.-- 46

Bodden ce ee ea 319 | krugii Urban |..........02-+----+- 46

nigripes var. mearnsianum latisiltgia “Cavs. -.....-.:..-.... 46, 57

OCG ee ae ie Ee ea 319 | leptopugsRenkt.t.0.-<.2..-625--2- 44

platyphyllum Copel. 319 PRT 5, fan ©) einen ee ae ee 46

Atylosia crassa Prain 127 | malabarica Roxb. ...............- 43

mollis Benth. 127 merrilliana Perk. ........ go 45

mollis F.-Vill. 127 monandha. ure. 4 .........—- 46

secarabaeoides Benth. .........- 128° nymphaeifolia Perk. ........---- 45

Auerswaldia merrillii P. Henn. -...---..- 165 perkinsae Merr, ............-...-- 45

Aulacolepis japonica Hack. .....-.......--- 329 pinchotiana Perk. ...-.. oe 45

trautiori Hack, | -.:.......-..... 829 pinnate sWalpsr.is.::-.,.:....--- 43

purpurea Linnie .-.-..............- 43, 46

B purpurea Vidie 4es....ua1.-.:. 43

Palamomhoracene -:................----------.--- : 345 pyrrhaneura Korth. .........- 44

Balanophora Worst. ........-1...-..------0--: 345 racemosa Lam, .....--...----++---- 46

micrantha Warb. .......-- 345 retusa Ham. ......--------------- . 46

rth Poault,...........-0---.-.crae-----e- 316 richardiana Wall. -......---.- 46

copelandi Christ .............-.. 316 rufa Grab, .......---------:-++-+- 46

AMI GRE CRTOD) © o2.foie.....c62-- n-ne cane eey 268 | scandens Blanco 4

beecheyana Munro ........ Q7 1 semibifida Vid. ...-...-.-.--------- 45

blumeana Schultes f. -... 270 subglabra Merr. ..........-------- a4

corniculata Kurz .......--- a4 269 subrotundifolia Cav. ...-....-- 46

cornuta Munro ..........----.---+- 269 | subrotundifolia F.-Vill. -... 46

@ithude Blanco ......--.---:-2-cecee Q7 4 tomentosa Blanco .........------- 43

horsfieldii Munro ........ Ne ee 270 | tomentosa Linn, -.......-..-..-- 43

latifiora: Hurg. ..2..5..00.-2..-..- Q71 | =e a ie et bee 9 WD Fk eas eae ee 4A

levis Blanco ........ oe ee ane Q75 | mariegata Linge cs... 2-.-.- 46

lime BIANCO 2:5.0.-2 2-222 2 hee 275 | Wwarhured. Peres. .4-.2:-...-:- 46

lumampao Blanco .......-...-..-- 273 whitfordii Elmer 44

merrillii Gamble 269 | Begoniaceae ...........----.----.-0---e-eee- 56d pe BOS

monogyna Blanco 268 | Begonia Linn. .........----------------s--:-0000000° 365

TALE N Ee toto allee ss ss conc edegatag 268 | cumingiana A. DC. ........ 365

pygmiaca Mig «......-.......-.- 267 | manillensis A. DC. ........ 365

SCANUGHS is ce to shee 278 merrittii.Merr.. ...--::----.-. 365

spinosa Blume! 54 0c6.2-52.-2a-te 970 | Berberidaceade ........-.---..0-----:ee--eeenneee eee 348

£6 we SRE case stake es oa 970 | Berberis Linn. ...........----s:------e-eceeesteneee 348

verticillata Benth. ............-- 271 barandana Vid. .-.--..-..-.....:+- 348

vulgaris “Sehrad: ~..5.-.0---2:--4405 268 wallichiana, D@h ::..-.-:.:..... 348

vulgaris var. striata Gamble 269 | Biancaea sappan Todaro 55

Barbella (C. Mill.) Fleisch. .............- epee RNA TIT. | -.-..-......--2--50-------—--- anne enee 398

pendula (Sull.) Fleisch, ...... 153 DilGhes Ginn.) sek, tf coset cane 398

Bartramiaceae ..;.......----.-1-cs:sssssequan 149, 313 | Bischofia Blume .................------+-+++++---- 356

Baryxylum inerme Pierre ...........-..-.-- 58 javanica Blume ......---.-------- 356

Basidiomycetes ..................+--- papier 163 | trifoliata Hook.f... 356

Mauhinta Linn, -.....:..0.-2-2-c----o2158 ean 42 | Blechnum Linn. ............. eyaatenti tesa anes> 320
acida Reinw.. ...-.:.7.-/:--seem 43 | fraseri var. philippinense

acuminata Linn. ........ 43 (Christ) Copel. .......-.----..- 320

@herniana Perk. °2.-.2..-c43000 46: | Blumeas DCE ssc ugei ceeded cats hades snee eet 254, 394

antipolana Perk. «../..2k-ttees. 45 appendiculata (Blume) DC. -. 394

bidentata F.-Vill. -............... 44 chamissoniana DC. ............-.-- 395

- Hinata Blanco, ...-.22:2.-sacie 43 confertiflora Merr. ........--.-...- 254

hingta-INAVves. :......---.--s--<s0bes 43 incisa (Elm.) Merr. ....-.-..--- 395

Wiatimgl. baker - ....c--s:ccs--sane 43 PONSIDOR Metre. sci cccanee- 255

castrata Blanco -...... 46 mindanaensis Merr. .........-..-- 256

copelandii Merr. ... AA mollis (Don) Merr. ..........---- 395

cumingiana (Benth.) F.- ipateoall Morr. 2204. i0c352%--<2=450-2 256

2.11 | TNR Re ee pA 44 sowmientiang- Hoak, o£.)-.::.....-<---., 895

ee een SS le re AS eS NE me ee eee

ta veers) ¢

554. INDEX.

Page. Page.
OnGe. Miia SAA Set tes re ck aiicahevces 108 | Caesalpinia ferruginea Decne, .......... 57
Boehmeria interrupta Willd. ............ 476 glabra (Mill.) Merr. ...... 54
nivea (Linn.) Gaudich, .. 475 | ignoterBlAnOG oa. acet 56
Boenninghausenia Reichb, .................. 355 | inermisp Roxb. sc... 2.0.01 57
albiflora (Linn.) laevigata Perr, o4....-....... 4
Reichb..: .............. 355 | mimosoides Lam. ............ 55
EUR S058 re ack ceon semebecks. 379 | nugs (Lane: FAI 23.083: 54
Botor tetragonoloba O. Ktz. .............. 136 | pulcherrima (Linn.) Sw. 54
Brachiolejeunea Spruce ...................... 311 | Sap pee Lite Go A6ii., <2. .s 55
repleta Tayl.. .......... 311 | seplatia Roxb sc..:..c. i. 55
Brachymenium Schwaegr. .............. 146, 313 | sumatrana Roxb. ...........- 5?
exile (Doz. & Molk.) | torquata Blanco .............. 57
EV Olesd AV As tect 8 146 | Cajan cajan Millsp. .................2.-. de 126
. nepalense Hook, .... 146, 3138 | inodorum Medic. .........2...0c01..... 126
Brachypodium Beauv. ..icsc.0c02.3....... 882 |-Cajants DC.) «..2355 4a ee 126, 354
sylvaticum subsp. lu- | bicolor DG? .sg went. Gas 126
zoniense Hack. ...... 332 - cajan (Linn.) Merr. .............. 127
Brachythociacese j-p..........1...cc.ceceesoeee 161 | bE gt P Bt | See a Gee 126
Bradburya plumieri O. Ktz. ............ 109 | indicus Spreng, ......2.:......... 126, 354
DUNATIR MIMI, POP sesso sa Sosccd yess 138, 312 quinquepetalus Blanco .......... 81
luzonensis Broth. ........ 138, 312 volubilis Blanco .................... 127
MPmUuCelis Bch imps: ois... sckic. ees fheckoe 149, 313 | Calamagrostis Roth ......-.-ccccececeeeeeeceeee 330
arundinifolia (Dub.) Broth. 149 filifolia Merr, .............. 830
Si merrill Broth, . 2... c2.. 149, 313) Calamintha Moench ..........2..c..-ceseeeeeee 383
gi A | AYRES 356 umbrosa (Bieb.) Benth... 383
rhamnoides (Retz.) Muell.- Calliandra saman Griseb. .................... 16
MRR S a oth fet Uo Tee ya cas doe «5 «856. "Opilicdrpa Linn: wees. 4. .. tee 380
(OT ean 4 5 pee 356 caudata Maxim. ...............- - 380
MELON MELLLES jcdcphconcacttiteledeakbsiigeces 139 stenophylla Merr. .............. 380
leana (Sull.) C. Miill. ..... 139 | Callicostella (C, Miill.) Jaeg. ............ 157
at, ei eee ae 146, 313 papillata (Mont.) Jaeg. 157
PEFOPHF UM Salied. 1... .0.ccc.cceecssicccsess 351 | Calophyllum Linn. .................... caning. 197
pinnatum (Lam.) Kurz 851 amplexicaule Choisy ...... 199
ROTI adxswrets sxverdscsie<tortnsrbvsaoalhe 131, 310 gracilipes Merr. ............ 197
Peer Ati). ,, SCHMID. ...<.c.0...000-0va0dec 147, 313 racemosum Merr. .......... 198
Sm pigitim: Dwi «..4.. 000056 .0c.c.. 147 | Calycophyllum grandiflorum Meyen .. 242
argenteum Linn. ...................... 147 | Calyptothecium Mitt. ...................... 154, 814
coronatum Schwaegr. ..... 147 macgregorii Broth, .. 314
diversifolium Broth. ..... 147 tumidum Fleisch. .... 314
POCRME TOPOL 5a ees biccesscos 447 |: Campanuilacese (28:7 eee 392
ramosum (Hook.) Mitt. .... 148,313 | Campylodontium Doz. & Molk. .......... 155

rubrolimbatum Broth. ............ 147 flavescens (Hook.)
PUTER RO Ri rpc, hces cece~cocvaswcccceccsetécbeve 386 Uae RS a 155
urticifolifa “R. Br.) 2.ccccci....:.. 386 | Campylopodium (C, Mill.) Besch. .... 137

PMOL OIG MAT 2 vy and sivinpsccrassilscducelyitonscee 378 euphorocladum (C.
ot Eo 8 0b eee ae 378 ° Miill.) Besch. ...... 137
MPIDORUFLIG. FOUN. 322 Siicc i ile 334 | Campylopus Brid. ......c.c0c.cccccccceeeeeote 139, 312

capillaris (Linn.) Kunth.. 334 |- caudatus (C. Miill.)
Bulgariaceae 165 poe) 3 Pept 8 ee 139
Bulgaria pusilla Syd. -........ 165 densinervis Broth. ...... 140, 312
Butea gyrocarpa Wall. .....2...ccc...se00s.. 119 foxworthyi Broth. .......... 139
Bythophyton Hook. f. .....2.....0..........0.-- 229 | Canavalia DC. , 124
indicum (Hk. f. & Th.) ensiformis Blanco .............. 125
2 Se Seer aaa Aa 229 ensiformis (Linn.) DC. .... 125

ensiformis var. turgida Ba-
c Or wipers eee. caet ess 12}
Caoara erosa: 0. Hite. soo. 185 gladiata (Jacq.) DC. ........ 126
Caesalpinia Linn, 53 lineata (Thunb.) DC. ....... a 125
SLGATGR BO, occ acee nc 57 obtualfolig” Gs wis..c-36i...6s 125
benguetensis Elmer ........ 55 obtusifolia Prain .-.........0..... 124
Donate Roxb. 6.2040... 54 turgida Graier sant, 124
bonducella Flem. 53 virosa Navées7acAiiickik ‘124
Orinta Thins sae: 68 |-Cannnceae..........cui Bee 340
GPIBte: DOPE. 5.5. ccsecpetesek. $4 | Canna Linn. .....:...cja-igeeee vate 340
cucullata Roxb. ..............2. 56 Indica LAND, ji saespeaetappecscscccs.s 340

ie

—

INDEX. 5d5
Page. Page.
Cantharospermum W. & A. ............--.--- 127 | Cephalomedinilla Merr. ...................... 204
scarabaeoides | anisophylla Merr. .. 205
(Linn.) Baill. ...... 128 | Cephalostachyum Munro .................... 272
volubile (Blanco) mindorense Gamble.. 272
Ps 1132.2 eg ee 127 | Ceratodon Brid; «24.2. Aten. tcc 187,312
WROD OMA RGHe ao seca ee a aces cancetveo-o sare 391 | stenocarpus Byrol. Eur. 137, 312
Cardami ne inns 2 iyo vetae ess cnadeciss canes 350 | Cercospora personata (B. &C.) Ellis.. 166
regelana (Mig, ~ ..2-<.-.:-44-.. 850 | Cestichis PRtz. sic. sie inssschereths. 341
Carer Tyluvniss 2.5 cree cos Bee ieee vate eve os 334 — benguetensis Ames .............- 341
Pica. MGR = or iaacnanecsesnnndcces $34 | Chamabalnia= Wim: cic itenlersce-.cccnnee 344
brevicuimis R: Br. ................ 335 cuspidata Wight .......... 344
ge COC a $35 | Chandonanthus-Bisetc ..c.scs..-.-<s-25-2.-- 310
BC yk to, «ne a ee 335 fragillimus Steph. .... 310
“graeffeana Boeckl. ...........----.---- 335 hirtellus Mitt. ......... 310
REE ets hs CATO (ca ccntcercccecanes 835 | Chavica lessertiana Mid. ................... 427
rafflesiana var. scaberrima miniata var. hirtella Miq. .. 422
(Boeck.) Ktikenth. ................ 335 OMMCINAT HN FIG © seks nnchceccee eee 439
rara subsp. capillacea Boott.... 335 | Cheilanthes Sw. -......-..-----.:2-1---+:--eeeeee 320
tristachya var. pocilliformis farinosa (Forsk.) Kaulf. .. 320
(Boott) Kiikenth: .<.:...-........ 8356 | Chenopodiaceae i255 .-sc.ecsaghsnispeos, ps0 175, 346
Carionia triplinervia Rolfe ............ 209,868 | Chenopodium Linn. .....22c.5..-:.2.... 175, 346
Garpasium ) Taito sa ts --- 22-252 397 ambrosioides’ Linn. 346
CeYniUnin isis 7. .<.....--..00s02. 397 polyspermum Linn. .... 475
Carpopogon giganteum Roxb. ............ 116 | Chloranthbacese: 3.7242 ..ceeecec- 342
imbricatum Roxb. .......... 716 | Chloranthus , Lint a, sepecuteee-cspeesdae- 342
NiVeltM HOEY. ....-00:..<...+0- Beaty brachystachys Blume .. 342
OPUPICUS PORW. - <.c...-2.000052 117? | Chrysociadium Pietsch. ................. 153, 314
Caryophyllaceae Lore ales Tapia aah eee a 346 | rufifolioides Broth. 158, 314
Caryospermum philippinense Vid. ... 359 Cicer arietinum Linn, ...............-...---.- 136
; , | COUR IRIE RROR NS Sota nce. wasn napa cdndten 399
Gstesia Linn «soca ecosces ack 2 --e aoe 47 | -
; luzoniense Merr. .................. 399
alata: Tatiimtes. seeps le--s----- 50 | a
: yt UE CA 0 i 3899
arayatensis Lianos ...............- ebay ee rare
F fe Citta; nigricans: Tour. ....................... 116
arayatensis Naves ................-- 51 |
‘i | Cl GR NN a ooo 5. nndsne-cennaesnaees x iy BE
candenatensis Dennst. ........-..- 97 |
; ‘ | miirormeé: Merr. ..........-<-:.«.--. 17TZ
divaricata Nees & Blume ...... 49 |
\ philippinense Merr. ...........- rEg
Petiile lei ees csi ccbe anyon occ 48
; IC NE RIUIIS, 225 5. c0u's ovanaeesnipsennoconasdicnras 357
fistula Doings si; ....s-...: aon 47 .
F purpureum Merr. . 357
Movida. Wat een rsh ssice ness agtant 51
Clastobryum Doz. & Molk. ............ 155, 315
PAR Coe ged Ors Bee pe ne ae 49
A ‘ robustum Broth. ...... 155, 315
Prog lbs: bee be | 2s aa nitty ie Sane Ee 50
A A MIRAE CASALE TEN eco anus spnemnnttnnon anccersche dons 180
javanica, LIne iest.-s:-:02.05 48 ;
; : ‘ BULL AB IIOD yo sd Aricteneasccneteiesses 181
javanica var. pubifolia Merr. .. 48 :
a woroestert Merr, ~..:............: 180
longisiliqua Blanco ..............-. 50 : i
2 ‘4 Hlewtoloranthus Merr; |.27.5.2k......<:..... 345
mimosoides Linn. .................-+ 51 a
verticillatus Merr. .. 345
montana Heyne 51 ;
Pberaetis Lila. estate nie sdapateenescocs5csho5e-- 347
montana Naves yf
rn Erste Besos pas okay == -2--- 348
nodosa Auct. Philip. ...._-.sccece 48 :
, F ss leschenaultiana DC. ............ 348
occidentalis Linn. .............-..-- 50 a
; macgregorii Merr, ................ 347
siamea Lam. ....,..<:<-ssssstace 51
; : SPSL R CORO 6 hoc ococcdccicut cadsaesncexeess«ssaestear-= Sil
sophera Linn. ...-.2s::.6ns0-5-eee 50 .
RT POUTIORL DSL TN TY §o2 econ 52 ss dcsapnanso ane dues foe a S72.
sulcata Blanco. -.-.:-:.2ssabeee 50 ,
tt is B 49 bugonica MOrr. sAcssecsscdsargeertens STi
net oa a ~revonennentiagyy g1 | Clianthus Banks & Sol 0 75
rth F Estar wae cae binnendyckianus Kurz ...... 75
ums Yar. 5a gy | Clitoria Lamm, ...eccceecsneeseceescenetectee 109
a: tearenesesnssn ree roe ae 49 philippensis Perr, .................. 109
tora ao aura i TESTE BRS ae ee 51 pepRers Cy ol gti ke re 109
xanthocoma Mig. .........--.------- 359 EREMGLOG LAD, (isosannc--.-..---------- 109
n-gage i ic Cnicus argyracanthus F.-Vill. ............ 399
Catia Lins ..-.------2+- a ancssncasenorentarsoraseoes 174 Wwalltchi. Rolfe’ ae! 399
crenato-serrata Mer'r. ............-- 174 Coelogyne Lindl. ............0-.00----- 340
Céntratnermn age. ................5-....5.2.05 393 integerrima Ames .... 340
fruticosum Vid. .........- BPO a Cotes linn... ......-......-.-c-.-cecsecoeeeee as 389
Clan TROMBMIM TREE: ..-0:2---2025-0-.c0e-scunente 109 grapioea Linn. 2...c0:.... caueuatsares 389
plumieri (Turp.) Benth. .. 109 PACDENATA TOLD. <.j.n0l0s...00-..0eases 243
;

“a

Re eer gee a oe” i » jie PON EEN Re ©
DD6 INDEX.
Page. Page.
CUS OO ig A Pe ha aces Set be tsas 0 326 | Orudia blancol. Rolfe (2225.5... essen 39
Tacryma-jobi Linn... ........2..,........+. 325 apicata TRMANOO: .3;.cc:.00-5..cctee 39
DET SD | nn ee eS Ne, eee 382 subsimplicifolia Merr. ............ a: ae
Griepiniiug: Mares ac../...4.......-. 882.) Oryphiaeacene: .i.tet namcietisccc-c%..s5-0 151, 314
macranthus Mefr.. ........::........%. B82] CuctivPitaneae sacemeraaieiisdsske-scc-ncaeb et 391
macranthus var. crispipila Currants WOpel. Tales eked nssreetans 319
1 tie Ce ee Ea er 882 Bracilipes Cope y..:.0.62....0 319
BORRORMOL BIGOT oo occ.c Secale seece ee 382 | Curraniodendron Merr. ........................ 177
Salidem- tdi GyON:. ....ci2s0-c. ee... 127 dedeaeoides Merr. Cg
ES ED AY RL ES 202 | Oyathencéae: |... ntieicseeccecavcsaie 316
RUN ORNMR RAR 255s, ich sie; eves ceceouss 252, 393 | Cyathea Sm, -........sscsccesseesssseesesceeess b16
Conocephalus erectus F.-Vill. ............ 507 contaminans (Wall.) Copel... 316
grandifolius Warb. ...... 507 | fuliginosa (Christ) Copel, .... 316
ovatus Tréc. ..............---- 508-| Cyathus poeppigif, Tul. .................-...00 * 168
suaveolens F.-Vill. ...... 508 | Cyclophorus Desyi: \...c.522.cqdden- nes 323
violaceus Merr. ............ 508 sticticus (Ktze.) C. Chr. 323
BanVoOlwulacenc. ...cicccoceciolecseSacvecesesce 225,379 | Cylista piscatoria Blanco .................-. 106
0 aE ae ah RG SEE a a ee 394 Cymbopogon citratus Stapf -............... 167
bifoliata Cham. & Less. ........ 395 | Cynoglossum Tourn. ........-.....+--. 379
japonica (Thunb,)' Less. ........ 394 fureatum Wall. 379
MIMGAUIA UD: occccocess-cies..cess-« 394 | Cynometra Linn iit iuc. oasis... 35
Rea MRM ork 2s Fit oN oko ecatanestewseo nace 357 | acuti@ora © Vid. | .....-.........::- _ 85
aR TREBLE dace lasso hoccteces cs. 357 alternifolia Elm, .............. 38
intermedia Matsum, ............ 357 bijuga Spanoghe .............. 36, 37
Coronilla emerus Blanco .................... v4 bijuga var. mimosoides
Cracca purpurea Linn. .................... = 69 CWall.)- Meer, ......:i-5-. 36
Oy SSE RD a a ene oo ee ee a 351 CAULIRGF A LMM. ii... sssi0ssere 35
IMIDE ENA Selif el ws chcusccsi 401 densiflora Elmer ............... 85
japonica (Linn.) Benth, ........ 401 inaequifolia A. Gray ........ 36
REPO C RIMM LIEB. mw vcsnveccs veneer senna Oiiacanai sa 59 luzoniensis Merr. .............. 37
acicularis Ham, ........0.2..... 61 | mimosoides Wall. .............. 386
BIER. EICWME 2-5. 22 peetnan 61 | pami@era TAGny 3. .:...6...6 87
aueuldaa Bards ics cbeses: 62. ramiflora subsp. bijuga
assamica Benth. ................ 62 | PP Ferhat tcevencteeoee 36
bracteata Roxb. ..-..-.......... 63 ramiflora var. mimusoides
calycina Schrank .............. 60 | FRE 5 pens Gee Takers ns 20 0st oe oe 386
chinensis Linn, .......2.0..0....- 61. simplicifolia Harms .......... 37
formosana Matsum. .........- 60 | simplicifolia var. oblon-
ferruginea Grah. ................ 61 ROTI ens ooo eee cca cees 37
ferruginea var. major warburgii Harms .............. 387
2 | COR eee F Ae OL PEyperacene «...2: Aisi nose ceeeiee ase -s- 171, 883
Burne ‘Graal. as aw 61:)' Oy pers Lilian): Ons 4 tesx,.s.-coetseetncs 333
Re Alt: ue Beas 63 distans Linn, f, .. 333
Jin eee. Linn.” Sst 62 | Ogrtaitira Porm cco akc ectects spout 386
laburnifolia Linn. ............ 64 | Oyttene cajan Laie, tikicat.. cs... 126
Tin ifolla, Tate Si tassels tn 60 Dita tube Mie ie ce). cee. c. 101
macrophylla Willd. ......!..... 130 pseudo-cajan Jacq. ......-...-..--. 126
nervosa Grah. .................... 91) quinquepetalus Blanco .- 81
pallida Blanco .................... 60. volubilis Blanco ........... at. SF
prostrata Coron. -............... 61} Cytospora calami SYd. ........c.c.cccccesecees 166
prostrata Roxb. -61
Dimilla. Blanco ’...2..545.-.... 60 D
quinquefolia Linn. ............ e¢ } Dalbergia Linn. £8.49. canine dias 95
TRCN: MOI. o..0cc0. che... 63 BTDOTQK: WTI peccs vevcks vscdecacve 101
retusa Linn. ‘62 candenatensis (Dennst.)
saltiana Andr. 62 PPG czazasacanpndapeniech sbeseivt 97
Serings Fetes ids bec... 64 | cassioides: Walirx..i......2<..4.- 98
sessiliflora Linn. ................ 60. cumingiana Benth, ............ 98
stenophylla Vog. ................ 60 | cumingii Benth, .......... 98
Py d Cha TO bo pean cite eaaeer eee 62 | discolor Blume ......... 98
tuberosa Ham. 129 ferruginea Roxb. ....... dime 97
verrucosa Linn. 62 heterophylla Willd. ............ 105
0 RIE sta SS AAT CRW Ee ar 350 lancegleria F.sWill. .........:. 98
MNMLTOE POCUIEOD oa teed ae lc cctee 39 lanceolaria Llanos ........:-.. 98
bantamensis (Hassk.) Merr. .. 39 limonensis Benth, .............. 97

Page | Page
Dalbergia luzonensis Vog. ...-.......-...--- OF | Derris Lour, 20.222. ci-j ens teea aseeesseceonss 102
mimosella (Blanco) Prain 98 | cumingiana Vid. ......-... 104
minahassae Koord. ............ 97, 98 | cumingii Benthi agen. 104
monosperma Dalz. ............-. 97 diadelpha (Blanco) Merr. ........ 103
parviflora Roxb, ............- ae 98 discolor Benth: .....2cAd.n-2ce aoe 107
pinnata (Lour.) Prain ...... 96 elegans (Grah.) Benth, ............ 105
pinnata var. badia Merr, .. 96 | elliptica (Roxb.) Benth. .......... 106
polyphylla Benth, .............. 96 ferruginea Benth. ................ 106, 107
scandens Roxb: .:.....<....... 96, 104 | floribunda Naves 108
BOGMGRE AMON Ds -<2520058-....,.5--- 98 lianoides Elmer 106
x stipulacea F.-Vill. .............. 97 | malaccensis Prain .................... 106
tamarindifolia Roxb. ........ 6 Mmicanw, FPOWieg aq: -ctctater---s-=-4----0 106
Himuerionets DO," -.......:......... 104 mind@orenwig Pare Givnce.c-.c...05,. 106 7
ROTUR-CUITA Sovevdss iver. ven. ¢s.cese 97 | Montana J MMM. ete fees. .2- 0. 106 |
volubilis Llanos a7.3):.c.<..-...- 98 | multifiora: Was vce mettet acst..2,-- 104
i ' zollingeriana Miq, .......-...--. 98 multiflora var. ? longifolia ;
. Daldinia concentrica (Bolt.) Ces. & Bertha. 2-5 icc, saccdecerd yes sascconsann 104 ,
DGG rcs teeth cicckea-cseek 164 philippinensis Merr,. ................ 104
~ golkant: PrBenis 2... -.cis.05-<05. 164 ATEPGCM. LIOUE,. ouc.:~<ccsrsghs dsb shavensaye 96 4
a Daleaduinn.} -Gar era ees 68 Holvantha Perk: <2.j.cuei.cssces> 103
is alopecuroides Blanco .............--- 68 scandens (Roxb.) Benth. ........ 104
5 _. Mlancwlesae Mera s,s. st eas 68 pinuata- Thwailtee 6.-2.2:.:.,.....-5- 108
-. nigra Mart. & Gal. ...................- 68 thyrsiflora Benth. .........:.......... 103
e~ Daltonia Hook. & Tayl. .................. 156, 315 thyrsiflora F.-Vill. .....-......---.- 108
| revoluta Broth. ................ 156, 315 trifoliate LOUr. ..2:........-.s0c 105
Damapana GNiats: O; Wés...-..,....-—;.-..-. 77 MAIGWORA -ORUh, . 2.610: 5.) ..0..0-.05 105
i sensitivaO:-Ktz2 ....:........- 76 | Deschampsia Beauv. .......-...-....---+--..--++ 330
Daphno Tourny 5k aap eee esas haveres- ne 366 caespitosa (Linn. )
- luzonica C, B. Rob. .......... .. 366 ene SE SE ORE 330
‘ ' Daphniphylum Blume .................. cares 356 flexuosa (Linn.) Trin. .. 330
glaucescens Blume .... 356 | Desmodium Desy. ...........2..--...2--------+ 78, 354
; Da val lie Sar eee creetetatcatgnss-ne-=-a0-5 318 bolsteri Merr. & Rolfe -..... 83
ee denticulata (Burm.) Mett. .. 318 Deergert Mig. .2if-s..224:50> 85
x Debregeasia Gaudich. ...-......-.....-.S...0.-+ 344 capitatum (Burm.) DC. .. 84 !
a longifolia (Burm.) Wedd. 344 cephalotes F.-Vill, -......... 81
Decaspermum Frorst.’ .........2c-ccsc-ecocescege 366 chamissonis Vog, ..........---- 82 .
paniculatum (Lindl. ) cumingianum ( Benth.)
OGRE oo. .:.500c56- 00 366 Benth. & Hook. f. ........ 80
Ps Dedea media Baill. ...............2.cc00-0-0- 178 diversifolium Blanco ...... 8?

a minor Baill. (:..:.--<s..c.-iccsceneaeme 178 elegans (Lour.) Benth. .. 80 ;
ee Deguelia timoriensis Taub. .......... 104 gangeticum Blaneo .......... 88 i
Res Belonix Ral: «.3.-nc ksi eee 52 gangeticum (Linn.) DC... 87
regia (Boj;)) Rat... in 52 gangeticum Naves ...:.......- 87

Dendrobium Sw. .............. PVR ea if 341 gangeticum var. neaei DC. 87

heterocarpum Wall. ...... 341 gardneri Benth. Ret 82 f
aeemorocalamus Nees ....-.--...<:s0ssapssenqnah 270 gyrans (Linn.) DC. ........ 86
curranii Gamble ........ 271 gyroides (Roxb.) DC. ...... 86 :
latiflorus “Munro ........ 271 heterocarpum (Linn.) DC. 84 :
parviflorus Hack. ...... 272 « heterophyllum (Willd. )
Dendrochilum Blume. ..............----2+------ 8340 DG sn eters 85 }
anfractoides Ames ...... 340 kingianum Prain ............ 88
arachnitis Reichb., f. .... 340 lasiocarpum (Beauyv.) DC. 88 7
cinnabarinum. Pfitzer.... 340 latifelium DO@ 222... 88
LOHGr? Ames ....-..2--ssnu 340 latifolium var. virgatum
pulogense Ames .......... ‘340 MBG yas exces cappaccecesevenatenat= 87
tenuifollum ( Ames) laxiflorum DC. 81
1 59 14 aE re Se 340 Tamui 0 2 eee estes 82
uncatum Reichb. f. -..... 340 leptopus A. Gray ............ 82
venustulum (Ames) malacophyllum (Link)
TERE. ccs veddasschecae oes 341 TG vn caves ess hens acees oe 84
Dendrolobium cumingianum Benth. .. 80 microphyllum (Thunb,)
‘umbellatum W. & A. .... 80 | a Bi li atk Ba 86, 354
Dennstaedtia Bernh. ..............c.esreceoreesr 318 ormocarpoides (Desv.)
scabra (Wall.) Moore .. 318 BUN i Sra «sa okteeedine + s-ncseegnse 82

we f pi A eh
y ?
5dD8 INDEX.
Page Page.
Desmodium ovalifolium Wall. ..........-- $5: | Dindeltlow Biibe: Se opicse cat isdden seed once 278
parvifolium Blanco ........ 85 | aguilarii Gamble ................ 280
HServitotum DC. h.0:.-..5-- 86 dielsiana Pilger ...... 274
pilosiusculum DC, ............ 838. elmeri Gamble ............. 280
podocarpum DC. .............. 83 ‘ pubiramea Gamble ............ 279
poiycarpum DC. ...:.5:-... 84, 85 scandens Q.. Kts.............:...2 278
polycarpum var. ovalifolia . scandens _ angustifolia
OPM 2 fess revcdrscchssetc acess 85 FlaGRel: ese cct ious. cone ssces 279
procumbens (Mill.) A. S. | scandens var. pumiramea
PRAM. SctvOepatin ddztncsseectevs 82 | Mates ates ke to 279
pseudotriquetum DC. ...... 87 | tjankorreh Biise ................ 278
pulchellum (Linn.) Benth, 79 Dioclea HB. ...dito ws tates. bk 119
quinquepetalum (Blanco) reflexa HOOK. °f. sesscsseusiv 119
Merr. 81) unmibrina emi: Pais ee ca 119
recurvatum Grah. . . 81 | "Dioscoréaedaia: . Sse eens. cck (hse 339
Fentiotwie DG, « 6656505 fis a. 88 | Dioscorea Linn, sdshuriesiecs, .cie te 339
retroflexum (Linn.) DC. .. 85 bolojonica Blanco ................ 136
scalpe (Comm.) DC, ...... 83
eatin ( ) | luzonensis Schauer ............ 339
scorpiurus (Sw.) Desv. .... 81 Diphaca cochinchinensis Lour. .......... 76
securiforme Benth. .......... 89 Diplycosia Blume ..... 5: 2 ee 211, 371
sinuatum (Miq.) Blume. 83, 354 luzonica (A. Gray) Merr. .. 871.
SPITATO (IID). cariicisoctdai cst 82 parvifolia Merr. ................ 211
strangulatum var. sinua- ) Piscocalyx Mee -sciigisip de ctuse ss escias see 221, 373
tum Ire ee Sat 2 2 89) insignis Merr, ............./.0c 221,
Sane ae ee bth 90 philippinensis (A. DC.)
riflorum nn.) Segue 85 OC ee Soe. 7 eee 373
triquetrum (Linn.) DC. .. $6 |. Digporum, Balisteldics ek. disisscctsiccscecsaea-b-- 338
triquetrum subsp. pseudo- luzoniense Merr. ................ 338
triquetrum Prain ........ 87 | DUI Lunt MOET: race. 5-.:..s 338
umbellatum (Linn.) DC. 80 | uniflorum Baker ......... coaate 838
VET OVUNL GOUN ss vous tigcstentnds 87 Distichophyllum Doz. & Molk. .......... 156
by i, 5 IN 2S Eee 90 mittenii Bryol. Jav. .. 156
PPOOMIOURCCR TIMOD, |. 052.22, sc, .essoneesascareee 144 | polichos Linn. ..... aes, VS ee 134
apiculata (Doz, & Molk.) acinaciformis Blanco .......... 125
Lindb. 2 144 | biflarues din Gy bie esas. sve 185
Deuteromycetes, ................:0000000000 at 166 bulbosul HLink: 425.d.......... 52 135
et CE a 351 catian ge Ini. caddis... :..04-0c0e 1338
ROPERS WAGs Peis fat iene Sok 351 CTAGAUGHIEPAD.. Seri const 128
OR oe aS LS rr 316 ensiformis Blanco .......... 125, 126
aspidioides Blume ................ 816 | erosus DARN! ccsstednsas:.. bSeasvated 185
Dialium laurinum Baker .................... 136 | falcat ue tlG ie salads: sceSs ove 135
LTS 1S 2S) a Se en oe 337 | @igantewe Wes 2.02... ii ccccone 116
weerulen Mims fi.) 5... 837 Gla@latie eod. o..ca5:.. 5 26--. 5. 126
ensifolia (Linn.) Red. ........ 337 DATSULUP Pes * oat alas cd 128
Dicerma pulchellum DC, .................... 79 Tabla Basin v5. csnesyectsscescte os , 184
PMO MOMMES OPO ccs... velccesesectecesverssecates- 225 Mineatud) TNs ois, ....--canctee 125
evolvulacea Britton .......... 225 | Luteo] usc POOR. tice nc.....0-nseacds 134
ee | 225 yg Teh euis te ean ce 1383
PPC RIPOTMIN OTR TICs ooo iocicleeecovounccececsccess 394 | obtusifolius Lam. ............ 124, 125
chrysanthemifolia phaseoloides Roxb. .............- 128
ASPB Lay LMGr,, vnnsdtosipeatston 394 | PLOBUS VOTE eo te ssscsiccsseae 184
latifolia (Lam.) DC. .. 394 | DIUriewes Pais: vesessco-svercee2ecde 117
Ee nga Gla sae 137, 312 | repens Blanco ...........2.-+0-0-----+ 134
Dicranoloma blumei (Nees) Ren. .... 139 | scarabaeoides Linn. ............ 128
brevisetum Broth, _...... 189 | sesquipedalis Blanco ........ See eee
leucophyllum var. kurzii | BinG@NsiS WHOM. tai cacs.<-cecscanceaet 138
(SC) et vie 139 | tetragonolobus Linn. ............ 186
ramosii Broth. -............. 138 trilobug BIBRHGO) x.....2:.:002s0sct 135
Digitaria Scop. .................... Sed, 168, 326 | uniflorue Tilt... <0 cee 135
ciliaris (Retz.) Pers. ........ 168 Dorstenia pubescens Blanco ...............- 520
longiflora (Gmel.) Pers. .... 326 pubescens Forst. ................ 535
sanguinalis (Linn.) Scop. .. 827 | Dothideaceae 165
NUM TIRM UM 156, oe, ors cam, ciyagess sek eos chsenie 361 | Drimys Forst. 349
Dimorphocalyx Thwaites .............0...... 192 PIPOTICA PRO OM, Ge ciark coke cosets 349
luzoniensis Merr. ...... - pL OSEMBRBBEACC AR Al cscliet taeperestsvneovaviaes 350

INDEX. 559
Page. Page.
Prosera LAN: «oc See eae tas 350 Elatostema carinoi W. R. Shaw ........ 532
peltata: ‘Bim, tee ee a oe. 350 cheirophyllum C. B.' Rob. 518
Dreyina ria: Wald so oti alee. fe. 346 contiguum C. B. Rob..... 536
cordata Willd. ~................... 346 cuspidiferum Miq. .......... 542
DrynariaS.- Bir tiesto ncecccees een 323 delicatulum Wedd. .......... 520
rigidula (Sw.) Bedd. .......... 828 delicatum Elm. ................ 520
Dryopteria “Adana. ae ee eco. 816 edule C; B:. Rob: ....:....... 531
beddomei (Baker) oO. faleatum Hallier f. ........ 505
3S Bien aa ee a 316 fillicaule C. B. Rob. ........ 516
brunnea (Wall.) C. Chr. .. S17 glaucescens Wedd. ........ 521
cucullata (Blume) Christ.. 317 glaucescens var. deli-
ferox var, calvescens catrie- Wedd. .........:..:. 520
Oo A ee 283 halconense C. B. Rob. .... 540
filix-mas var. parallelo- hastatum Elm. ................ 525
gramma (Ktz.) Christ.. 817 heterophyllum C. B.
Slabrior Copel? eet. 283 RON Ps io. 3: cease oa tee 517
gracilescens (Blume) O. inaequifolium Elm. ........ 516
POE rs ene eeareecret sar « 317 insigne Hallier f. ............ 504
heleopteroides Christ _..... 317 integrifolium (Don)
hirtipes (Blume) O. Ktz. .. 317 "W @tlita ys. senate eee 941, 542
luerssenii (Harr.) C. laciniatum Whim. \...-..:.5.... 497
Ls Specialy ay Be tat ees 317 lagunense Merr. ............. 527
penangiana var. calves- lanaense C. B. Rob. ........ 528
cens (Christ) Copel. . 283 Pema Wen. Ei Anos 502
setigera (Blume) O. Ktz. .. 317 | lineolatum Wight .......... al 2
Dryostach ¥ Wits. agp sivacs ts res-ooveae chon fae 285 | longifolium Wedd. ...... 532, 534
DUT AGLE TICS ees ee oe atlas Seaaveckee 110 longipedunculatum Elm. .. 515
WALL RaGeeae ne 8 asses 110 | luzonense C. B. Rob. ...... 512
ee Rr ia. We 7G ys wher ists ons ceeee ee 127 machaerophyllum Hal-
cumingiana Benth. ............ 127 lier t,....<:-tsahaee cco 505
horsfieldii Mig. .................. 127 macrophyllum Brongn... 530
MORETTI sc cc.cnseniaae ay a ~ manillense Wedd. ............ 501
Piuthiella ©: WGI rc cseo cashes scans 157 mesargyraeum Hallier f. .. 504
complanata Broth. .............. 157 microphyllum Elm. ........ 523
Dysoxylum Blume) -....:....2........ 185 oblanceolatum Cc. Be
biflorum Merr. 185 1A « Pell A oa Ln 524
VeOnosurn. ‘Mert: oo a 185 obovatum Wedd. .............. 520
H hes obtusiusculum C, B. Rob. 537
E obtusum Wedd. ............... - 520
Echinodiscus echinatug Miq. ............ 99 obtusum var. delicatulum
Ectropothecium Mitt. ...................00..... 158 Ago Ce SSS, 520
assimile Broth. ........ 158 OVatuta Wight icie -..:..-25-. 495
ecallichroides (CG: palawanense ©. B. Rob. .. 526
Mill)’ Jaeg:- i220) 159 philippinense Elm, .......... 524
luzoniae (C. Miill.) pictum. Hallier;t.=.....:..,...-. 504
Jaew: +20... ee 159 pinnatinervium Elm. ...... 515
micropyxis Broth. 158 platyphyllum Merr. ........ 5381
Bhretia “Linn. 2: ere 379 plumbeum C. B. Rob. .... 535
philippinensis A. DC, .......... 879 pedophyllum Wedd. ........ 540
Blacagmaceae: .......-........c0000c2e cece sce 366 pelineurum Hallier f. .. 501, 505
WMilnnmenve TANT. | - .........:....-ccs0e0-0e2s coche 366 pubescens (Forst. f.) Pers. 535
; philippensis Perr. .............. 366 pulcheilum C. B. Rob. .... 522
- Blaphoglossum Schott _..................... 323 algidum “Wed. 2... ape 503
i laurifolium (Thou- Fostratum Mid;!........-.0 503, 504
ars) Moore :......,.<i 323 ‘ rostratum var. manillense
petiolatum (Sw.) POT isa cn kus .txewdacica<scecenge 501
WERDEN: .:...5.5 000 285 scapigerum C. B. Rob. .... 542
Elatostema Forst. .............0......22-e000 344, 508 eerintum C. B. Rob. ........ 529
acrophilum C. B. Rob... 523. sesquifolium Hassk. ........ 542
angustatum ©. B. Rob... 533 Bepaile Worst... ...........-:-iiee 533
apoende Mim. ....:............... 534 sessile var. brongniartia-
banahaense C. B. Rob... 526_ BAAS UOT iscnchieuutindocsas 521
baruringense Elm. .......... 541 | sessile var. brongniartia-
benguetense ©. B. Rob. .. 539 WRITE OCG, jcc... enciesecnce 538
brongniartianum Wedd. .. 538 sessile var. minus Wedd. 5388

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| eer eee s I ey Pe Ce Pe Me re(eS be Te OO oe ee ae Coe “5 Ser
!
; 560 INDEX. :
. : Page. Page.
ame Elatostema sikkimense C. B. Clarke.. 514 | Entada pursaetha DC, .......-...-0.+-- 32 a
ag ; simulans C. B. Rob. ........ 519 scandens (Linn.) Benth. ..., 32, 33
ies, sinuatum Hassk. ............-. 497 | Enterolobium Mart. — ...........--...-------+:0 15
i spinulosum Elm...............-- 530 saman (Jacq.) Prain .. 15
ay. 6s sublignosum C. B. Rob. .. 541 | "Wntodontacese: 2oniichss ck 155, 315 :
! surculosum Wight .....-.....- 514 | Eperua decandra Blanco ............-------- 40 .,
Se “thibaudiaefolium Wedd. 504 falcata Blanco " 41
Ng tomentosum Wedd, .......... 5386 rhomboidea Blanco ... 41
uf ulmifolium Miq, .............- 534 | Ephelis pallida Pat. ...2........... 166
* variabile C. B. Rob. -....... B14 |. Wpobium. Litnn. Pepe ce lesne eh caves nc cise 369
€ variegatum C. B. Rob, .... 538 himalayénse Haussk. .....- 369 *
i. viridescens Elm. ............. 525 philippinense ©. B. Rob. .... 369 :
es vittatuta TENIGr: Moc... . 604 | Mguisetaceae .:.i:)..-c.cumastames crete 324 :
Bt ‘ whitfordii Merr. ............ 530 Equisetum Linn. 324 7
ee Elatostematoides C. B. Rob, .............. 497 | ramosissimum Desf. . ...... 324
faleatum (Hallier | Mragrostis Host. Sic-. sie sonnrsce-ceg tee 330
¥ f.) C. B. Rob... 505 | distans Hack. 330 ‘
CAS ‘ gracilipes ©. B. Bria Lind]} (cs. Gae Ge See ast oe 341.
e EP 503 | ornata (Bl) Lindl. .......-.-...-.-.-- 341
. ; insigne (Hallier t) philippinensis Ames ...............-..-- . 341
Ags SE 2) | em pee 504 VORtTIGOSA BBA FIEO catseak-----nstgeteca 341
: : laxum (Elm.) C. B. ht BIVACRCORG s/c. ca eeiebihees tartans cents
i 1 Nae ee 502. Erigeron Linn.
is , machaerophy 1lum Hin fol igs Velaiie: co icticsdscceusss 394
ay e (Hallier f.) C. B. TOTS. DOR. sragscapetere seh -anpaachtves 3895
a AN, A toa ae ae 505 | Eriocaulaceae ~......-.-----.+------eeeee eres 3836
manillense (Wedd.) Hr Loa loth Lalit spt. te<cseaewlics go tavs-. wae snsher 336
es SIRE: TS 57) Ae 3 6 depauperatum Merr, ....... 336
sa. mesargyraeum ( Hal- | minutum Hook, f. ............ 337
ie Jier f.) C. B. Rob. 504 | Eriosema DC. ..........:2.--0--cc+--eeeceseree 129
5 mindanaense ©. B. | chinense Vog. .-........--+----+--- 129 ;
SS DOM. (6.1 fnpcted GOD | Weythving Wie Ble i icdesennsevenassstcuwe 111
oe pictum (Hallier f.) caffra Blanco ...........-2+---- 118
ph Oe BOD, Si... 504 carnea Blanco ........... Rays toecs 111
rigidum (Wedd.) C. corallodendrum _ orientalis
4 B. Rob. = 503 Linwtij«taenbteieebe. secs ieee’ 111
; robustum “(Hallier fusca TIOUN ieee sce Sea scane 113
‘ f.) C. B.-Rob. .... 504 hypaphorus Boerl. ...........- 113
4 thibaudiaef olium indica tame eet. 111
oa (Wedd.) C. B. lithosperma Blume ............ 111
2: Rob. -..---------------- 504 lithosperma Mig. .........-.----- 118
vittatum . (Hallier microcarpa Koord. & Val... 112 ‘
f.) C. B. Rob. .... 504 orientalis Murr. 111
Blephantopus (Pl gt ae 393 ovalifolia Roxb. ....... 113
per(oih EES St. a ae 393 picta Blanco .....-...- 113
MIOUMIN GE Ger tas hy ssitcoceadecaktcactbi bed facies 330 picta Linn. 111
indica (Linn.) Gaertn. ........ 330 secundiflora tit 118
Ellisiophyllum Maxim. etiea Daas ates atari’ 886 stipitata Meme ee 112
pinnatum = (Wall.) suberosa Roxb. abek 112
‘beta Burm Makino act cones eed subumbrans (Hassk.) sere 118
oe) aha LES WN ne Sede te ? sumatrana Mig. ..........-----.. 118
coriacea Wall. .........-.--.--0----- 223 Bees saeutiuil nN 1 ep iha : o eeRE Be 156
halconensis Merr. .........--..--- 358
philippinensis A. DC. .......... 377 julaceum, (Hook .)
porteana: -Méz- «....-:-.-.-....,. $75, 376 PRT) Gasbeeees en nnnns-seeee 156
Mm Ciade «5 seca Peer Sn. 399 | Erythrophloeum Afzel. -.........-.----------- 35
Minvatifidd: Mere iss 5.2s22. 3... 399 densiflorum (Elm.)
Endespermum scandens Blume ........ 96 MOTT, ©. ...-....4---sadey 35
mmaotrachnelia ©. Mill. .................. 152, 314 | Ethulia Linn. ............ 893
elegans (Doz. & Molk.) conyzoides Linn. ..........-.....-.+. 393
UD ae 152, 314 | Euchresta Benn, ........2..-..0-..--- 107
Entada Adans. sadist 32 horsfieldii (Lesch.) Benn. .. 107
parvifolia Morr. woeieherdl Sines 38 |-Bugenia Linn. ......2.425Anes 366
DOrvecenya WO. -.........-cescccacs 88 acrophila C, B. Rob. ............ 366

S A ae ttn “vo & teh eee

INDEX. 561
Page. | Page
Mldehie: BR. Bt... 2o2c ssn ester eipeecccseecced 341 | Frullania Hag@die 22.5 iss... cceee 311
squalida Lindl. -........... pibeiece 341 | bilobulata Steph. .............. 311
Bt ato ritim ea Riise od aig peed tks 2 393 | cordistipula Nees .............. 311
benguetense C. B. Rob. .. 393 | explicata Mont. ...............- Sil
Muphorbiacese! o-oo 191, 356 | ornithocephala Nees ........ 311
Buphrasia Linn, 0.0... 385 | pacifica Tay]. ......-...-..------ 311
borneensis Stapf 385 | philippinensis Steph. -....... 311
Pepi) To) i 414 | Punariacesé ti,02.. ngetoctes:..-- 145, 313
PS ag ae a 861 | Punaria’ SGRReR Ane... -+~-t5.cbss-2n0-0<cs508 145, 313
eeiininata DC. ....-..:...---......------ 863 calvescens Schwaegr. ...... 145, 313
amplexicaulis Moore ................ 362 |
mursculmte. Nim. 1c6-2...:..:.—..--...- 362 | G
buxifolia Merr. ........................ SEZ | Gahnia Pewee adebiciecccccees-ceocececeocc---- 334
@aremoee MOE. ..........:..-.-.-.-...... 361 | javanica Moritzi 334
japonica Thunb. -..............-...-.... 363 | Gajanus edulis O. Ktz. 0.0.00... <- 108
macartneyi Champ. .................. S62 | Galactia P. Bip- li .n.cccdssccieenccsncisnn.---- 119
MVodia Worst. ....----.-...-.0s22-Sescie=-seceeees 183, 355 | tenuiflora (Klein) W. & A... 119
< acuminata Merr. ...................... 183 terminaliflora Blanco _..... 106
¥ Gubia | Merri weiecaks Ae wei ies 355 Galedupa elliptica Roxb. .................... 106
retioulata. M@fT, <5.0...........-...0---- 355 | frutescens Blanco Le 0m
Excoecaria sicca Blanco .....................- 192 | indica “aim, \esass...5--c-.22---.- 101
Bixodicts0n. CaRGs = wes. ccctshecsee-. oes esse esc 142 | ‘maculata Blanco ................ 101 .
blumii (Nees, C. Miill.) pinhwta. Tate... :.:2.322.:.....-. 101
PPUBIBOM oo Se.ccnescees.cccscccae- 142 pungam Blanco 78
3 s : uliginosa Roxb. ........... “re 105 ‘
F Galium,. Linsiaeivedotedis.c......-.-....- 391 ;
Fabricia bupleurifolia O. Ktz. ...........- 91 gaudichaudii DC. -................. 391
nummulariaefolia O. Ktz. .... 92 javanicum Blume ................ 391
IPADTOMIRCGAG | 2c tient ce eactsap=ceecnis.- =< 2--- 156, 315 philippinense Merr, ...........- 391
ARGACORE ree ish cca cence onieeses 342 rotundifolium Linn. -........... 391
a igus Linn: c} ee ee eck 342 | Garointa Liitn.. ..1.............. a coepsereavionceees 199
sia cumingif Mita. 8 342 cordata Merr. —................. 199
currantl’ Marr -. 343 | Gardenia acutifolia Elm. .................... 248
fastiefath Wim ee aaa crmrovagiia TWindl.. ...........10....260:..2..-- 152
guyerl’ Win ©... -2c... see 343 plicata (Nees) Endl. .... 152
hauili Blanco 2... ee Gao Gelala alba Rumph. .............:..2.... itd, £12
lucbanensis: Bim. .......-..2)..-2).canues 343 | Gentianaceae ........--.-.-. eee eens 378
nota (Blanco) Merr. ...:.5..cme8 343 | Gentiana Linn, ......- 2... eee 378
pseudopalma Blanco ...............-.. 343 luzoniensis Merr. ................ 378
validicaudata Merr, ...............-.. 343 Geoglossaceae ......-..-.--.------seeeeeeeeeenees 165 ;
Fissidentaceae .............-...--sccesceseeee .. 141, 312 | Geoglossum glutinosum
misaidens Hedw. ° ....:...-...--.--:.eceueem 141, 312 SOUT GG can coe stort cise meaner tacsenseeee st =<-+-- 165
anomalus Mont. .............----20 141 | Gesneriaceae ................ 386
pulogensis Broth. ............ 141, 312 Gigantochloa Kurz 270
a Mlemingia-Rioxb. ...............-cleccsesoose! 129, 354 OU gg EL ae 270 "4
blancoana Llanos .............. 129 merrilliana Elmer ...... 272 F
congesta Roxb... .........c..080 130 4 scribneriana Merr. ...... 270 ‘
a cumingiana Benth. ........ 130, 354 | Ginalloa Korth. ................2.::0000 Heer 345 |
G3 it involucrata Benth. ............ 130 cumingiana var. angustifolia
eee lineata (Linn.) Roxb, ...... 129 Motre .:c cece Ree ae 345
} macrophylla (Willd.) 0. PamATASe Tutti Th... ..2ss.s...neddepsacteccd tener 51
Ties BUS, cecnsnnadagoas-anah ake cene eee 130 pelebica Moor@. a. - 7 cei cat: o1 ‘
en philippinensis Merr. & rolfel \Vid, cert hatte B1 |
OTS” ...:.2<.0:- nh eee DRO HGe@tONENIACOAS” <..-......discccade-sooancscenscace 323 4
; strobilifera (Linn.) R. Br. eeeetIONID SO. -......2-.-10csecanesseaceceancnancnce 323 F,
OIANAUGICH, ............3-cecaupbacdsnnouans ' 476 laevissima Christ .............. 323 a
; interrupta (Linn.) Gaudich. 476 FONGTICHTIBG .o.) sch. Sundeucere 323
ng ruderalis (Forst.) Gaudich. MPTTOMPEPI@AGAG, FLEES, ........-2-cisnpseec-ccueecacucnans 73
Floribundaria C, Miill. .................... 153, 814 MACUIREA PIB oo. acs. sce te 73
. floribunda (Doz. “& sepium (Jacq.) Steud. —...... 73
Molk.) Fleisch. .... 158, 314 | Glochidion Forst. .................... ssa cepecutpnas 356
fgg vis err a 352 luzonense Elm. ...............--- 356 - 7
feovra hd ose! 1 | a 352 merrillii C. B. Rob. ........ 356 ‘
99454——7

pe See

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oe ee Sey ie eee _— Me ih ae ia
562 INDEX.
Page. Page.
Glyaspermum ramiflprum Zoll. & Hedysarum bupleurifolium Linn. ...,.. 91
TRS I So ee SN 180 capitatum Burm. .............. 84
oe OS a ae ee 110 diphyllum Linn. ..... or
Sorus ‘Linn: --....! 4 108 gangeticum Linn, ...... 87
cajanoides Walp. .......... 81 SyTADS LADNG Ts: kee im 86
fridericiana Weinm. ............ 128 SY TOLMeS- BOR: i.e ks. 86
ee at ON Ih hs) ir nc er 110 heterocarpum Linn. ........ 84
labialis Linn. f. 110 heterophyllum Willd. ...... 86
ANY USARIAOT once cx cevevesed iocdsas 135 lagopodioides Linn. .......... 93
PUMICE: POU Ber acs axwivevindidasdic sds 115 lagopoides Burm. ............ 93
tenuiflora Klein ..... 119 lasiocarpum Beauv. ........ 88
tomentosa Benth. ......... 110 latifio li Umit ROMY waieee.scscis 88
Vests Grah: :...2..:-di,;.0 110 lineatumy DIRS: akidanieccds 129
warburgii Merr. ..... 124 malacophyllum Link ...... 8)
MMEERO DUI TAN «cecil a ernie ses 397 microphyllum Thunb. ...... 86
hypoleucum DC. ...... Mi 397 nummularifolium Linn, .. 92
japonicum Thunb. .......... 397 7 obcordatum -Poir. ......08: 94
SMTA VMAS CRy, coecc cn iccacdhedeasyearsdesseoe 344 ormocarpoides Desy. ........ 82
hirta (Blume) Miq. ........ 344 pictum Jacq. .................... 93
Gonotheca blumei DC. ........................ 243 polycarpon Poir, .............. 84
RGUEMMOVINGCGRG | ibe. csvaes ccscccsudevanssundseicec: 249 procumbens Mill. .............. 82
MPT ITIGRG = 6. os ise dccandsennes 167, 325 pulchellum Linn. .............. 79
oo. EG Og i ce re a oe 230 reniforme Lour. ................ a4
pubescens Merr. .... A 230 | sCalpe COMM, ...-cccccecc..-20 83
ETE TRIE WSR 9 SE ce ee ne a ec 361 scorplorMin-Swi. .suasiee..... 81
Guepinia ramosa Curr. ........................ 163 sennoides Willd. ............ % 76
Guilandina bondue Linn. ~................... 538,54 sericeum Thunb, .............. 94
bonduc var. majus DC. .... 54 Spirale (Rew. \sdccseiee.s .sscie 82
bonducella Linn. .............. &8 strobiliferun Linn. .......... 129
orista -Baiall «..:2.5.0:542is:. 53 triflorum Linn. Pe 85
UP 2s 64 | are ae 54 triquetrum Linn. ...... 86
Mee POL | 5..cesaveahibaes 54 umbellatum Linn. ............ 80
ROPE ITOODS Zi lacnsecisbuxvnccunhicn 54 vespertilionis Linn. f. .... 93
MMI COWEN Wi otis vo abicnis~ou-->nvedclesses sates 359 VIRCIOQUEE TAMAR, sites se0cs- 90
perrottetii (Blume) Radlk. ...... 359 | Helminthosporium ravenelii Curt. &
NRT Sao. yoo cs pene a ce ccceonws dcanagtl 197, 364 i: /) Sr eyapeseeten LER e': 166
Gynostemma Blume ..............-.-..-.ccc.00 392 | Hemileia vastatrix Berk. & Br. .......... 164
pedatum Blume ............ 802 | Hemipirag my: Walle bocce eceienscee 384
RE IG ino oc eccsieecc~icanctuudassdesi@eants 398 heterophyllum Wall. .. 384
MEOW IG... sacie cceesconccecests 252,899 | FRGDMIIGRS «..............cscseneimsteodendgcedpadsveesy 810
EN SIE: cntenancbcgoubenaincsaauabis 899 | Herpetica alata Raf, ..........ccccesssccccee.cs 50
macgregorii Merr. ................ 398 | Himanthocladium (Mitt.) Fleisch. -.. 155
TUNDR LPs adetatecescusvteduevbevciwanenas 899 , loriforme (Bryol.
pseudo-china DC. .................... 3899 Jav.) Fleisch. .... 155
sarmentosa DC. 899 | Hippocrepis comosa Blanco ................ 87
TION aNG WIGS . oF edhe hed... 398 Humilis. Wiasoo \o2:..si.cec..s. 85
multisiliquosa Blanco ...... 88
H rhomboidea Blanco .......... 82
Piiptage Gaertn. ...Ssniicc css 186
Hadronoma orbiculare Syd. .......0........ 166 benghalensis(Linn.)O. Ktz. .. 191
Halorrhagaceae -...........-------eeeeeeseseeees 369 Oumingil. MGS? Resiiccecsnieces 190
Halorrhagis Forst. .................-.:ccces 369 curranii Merr. ......0.-c--0:---.---- 188
micrantha (Thunb.) R. javanica Blume .................. 190, 191
(EE, en Sa ae i 369 tusonica Mepia).dciccto st cescee 191
Hardwickia alternifolia Elm. ............ 38 macroptera Merr., ..............-.-- 189
Eg OO Sica de 463 madablota Gaertn. ................ 191
TS i Re 231, 388 | madablota Vid. ad 190
Atigustifolia Miq. .................. 888 | pubescens Merr.. .................... 187
rales Merr, ......:.....:.,..... 888 pubescens var. lanceolata
cagayanensis Merr. .............. 231 MGT... <..Gitess Meenas cs cotton 188
macgregorii Merr. ................ 2381 reticulata Merr,. .................... 186
microphylla Merr. ...............- 389 tetraptera Merr. .................... 188
pilosissima Merr, —................ 282 | Higgroptéeris J.. Sm. |). .ciisee ee 321
PPOMEE. ESUUTNIG W2.......2.5..200c.002 243 incisa (Thunb.) J. Sm. .. $21

et ee. lee ne ee ed
. v 4

INDEX. 563
Page. Page.
HOMEIBN CH US. JABS) -<oisscs antes peteaw sas eae 857 | Hyptis capitate. Jee. ...5205..20..ccc..s05- 381
alpinus Bit. °.5.22-..25--< 357 lanceolabagr Or, =. ct mst 381
fastuosus (Morren) F.- . Ply steriacemel sic. c eis ec oi cnsedeicces 165
3.5 hdl pe AS el eee a a 857 I
Homaliodendron Fleisch. .................... 155 ti
TP CACINACORG 2.2 ccancgecswesvatvadel gies kote <0 194
flabellatum (Dicks.) Herring fy ae 193, 358
Fleisch. ..............-. 155 crenata forma luzonica (Rolfe)
scalpellifolium TOGRD. ce oe et 858
(Mitt.) Fleisch. .. 155 foxworthyi Merr. .........0...200200---- 193
RIERA BBB, 55-00 sn onecnogsancernsss--s9----~ 156, 315 gracilipes Merr. .....-..-.-----c0c---e0--+ 358
Hookeriopsis (Besch.) Jaeg. ............ 156 halconensis (Merr.) Merr. ........ 358
geminidens Broth. ...... 156 pulogensis Merr. ..........-...-0.--2------ 358
Vd Bele =) ne ile i adie iastdhessc5srsas 379 spicata Blume ............--.. eee ns 358
eumineiana Done. |.....:-.:..-........ S79°|tmperata Cyr civecccc. cccyhcnccns-seclaleacenes 325
ME ELS CIB > on 0.5. a9 40 daadacacsebondudtanstarssaeess> 318 eylindrica var. koenigii
Prreranees LANMN, ,. 0-2. ceuugesedeacenies-. 2-02 351 {Rets.) -Benmehy -.,......--.--. 325
lobbit .Maximsx, .2.<0.-:5--...% BSL} Endigofera Lamm. os cccpccseg eo teeceennaveeenc sae 65, 353
Mivdrocotyle Linny .:.2.:t-ccrecizaence-..--2--- 370 angustifolia Blanco .......... 67
benguetensis Elm. ........ 370 ewe WO ABE bo be Daman) Raa ee 67
delicata Elm. ...............- 870 argentea Blanco ...........-...- 67
nitidula A. Rich. ............ 870 benthamiana Hance .......... 66
rotundifolia Roxb. ........ 370 echinata Willd. -............... 92
Hymenodon Hook. f. & Wils. ........ 149, 313 galegoides Vid. -.............. 66
sericeus (Doz. & Molk.) hirsuta Blanco andi Camas 69
Cc. Mill. . 149, 313 BYETUI WC EGUN TL: co ysctes-cccrsatessaces 66
: MIMITGIIA "ROU: 2 .....-...550208- 65
HPivymenolepis Ri@ulies .,cesemccsucccctscieeenesn2 321 nigrescens Kurs .:.........-. 67, 353
platyrhynchos (J. Sm.) senegalensis Blanco .........- 69
Kt1e. -.-neeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 321 suffruticosa Mill. .............. 67
spicata (Linn. f.) Presl.. 821 tesymanni Mig. ..........-...-- 66
Hymenophyllacene .....2....cess-ore-e-----0 315 tinctoria. Blanco ............... 67
Hymenophyllum Sm. ............ aetades vet acs 316 tinctoria Linn. ....-cccceeeccceee 67
australe Willd. ........ 316 trifoliata Linn. ................ 66
discosum Christ .....- 316 unifoliolata Merr. ............ 65
paniculiflorum Pres] 316 zollingeriana Miq. ..........-. 66
Hymenosty lium Brids ...2:5.:<.c-ssssposseuane 143 | Inga angulata Grab. ........c:.0ccsece-0ce---0 19
luzonense Broth. 143 Mamatchili Perr. .cc:-c-cccclens- 16
Hypaphorus subumbrans Hassk. ........ 113 Avitia Wild ee she 16
Hypericum [don, ...........:.....:--cssetesaenssns 364 elliptica Blume 19
japonicum Thunb. .... 364 grandiflora Wall. ...........-.-----+---« 15
perforatum Linn. 364 lanceolata Blanco ........-..--......--- 16
pulogense Mert... .-seseceeeaee 364 OOMiary - WLiee oe ccd ca eck cd 15
TVA ACEAG \2-ccins. .sccseecas= cos =p 70 oc ee 158, 315 qpponaria Willd. 202.0... 24
FSP DNOMeNGraAcOae ..,-...----2-.-..--sseasanusache 161 fiinorlanendaG. ¢
Hypnodendron (C. Miill.) Lindb. ...... 161 | Inocarpus Forst. ......-..--c--2c-ec0c000--ec000--+
formosicum Card. ...... 161 edulis Forst. ...................... 108
reinwardtii (Hornsch.) atete THOUATA ..........................--.....--- 40
Lindb. -....----------+-+++- 161 acuminata Merr. ..................---- 40
reinwardtii forma bre- bijuga (Colebr.) O. Ktz. .......... 40
' viseta Broth. -......... 0 ES ee a eer 379
Hypocreaceae .......-...--2.2---s:2eeeeceeeeeeneeee 164 batatas (Linn.) Poir. .......... 379
Hypocrea (?) ochracea Pat. .... 164 | Isachne R. Br. ..... Ce in: 8 rT aa 168, 327
IMME SES)’. -0200-<-<<s00ne2:c-0ccaqeosspeaier 388 beneckei Hack. 327
floribunda R. Br. ............ 388 beneckei var. magna Merr. . 327
Hypolepis Bernh. .......-.......---.------+-----0++ 320: debilis var. incrassata
tenuifolia (Forst.) Bernh. .. 320 Matinee eee 168
Hiypopterysiacese -...........-....-------..--+. 157 incrassata (Hack.) Merr, .... 168
Hypopterygium struthiopteris Bryol. magna (Merr.) Merr. ........... 327
a 157 micrantha Merr., ..........--.---..-- 168
Hypoxylon annulatum (Schw.) Mont. .. 164 TA VOROLID- NOOR .......--.--00ccs------- 327
lilliputianum Syd. ............ 164 pangerangensis var. halcon-
marginatum (Schw.) Berk. 164 SHBIM SHOCK.” -...-.50.ccocestenceese 327
minutellum Syd. .............. 164 meucinore HACK, ..:...------acsec-<0 327
Hyptis Jacd: cemsoucsseet stegasedanecerensesecees 881 waioanioa Merr. .............0...0 169

564 INDEX.
Page. Page.
Ischurochloa spinosa Biise ................ 270 | Laportea crenulata var. luzonensis
Ee a oi ED ann ee 160 B's'd Ge ogee” ay yer ee 478
albescens (Schwaegr.) decumana Wedd. ................. 487
MMII «2 sash cleaned akdeds 160 densiflora C. B. Rob. .......... 479
BTR htc ae show Radeccosus nccchatedesboceesascee 351 GIR URS. Ci Fe iiansccees se... 482
Tulomentie: Wim. © .5...6535020.5.0..4...2- 351 gaudichaudiana Wedd. ...... 481
Mmiecropnylia: Wall. | ......0i0.2ic000.00- 851 SVR CIT GB el he meaatyscns «0-c2ec-.. 483
UN NIN oo ocd ent Saracnicbapincwsce~Guseuecne 233 lanaenais (C. B; Rob........<... 483
Srmpoimics “Mim. © <c..2.cikc..sc. es. .0s 234 leytensis C. B. Rob. ............ 484
capitulifera Merr. .................... 238 | luzonensis (Wedd.) Warb. .. 478
Oraesirolia. Merr. .........-:......:...... 238 | meyeniana (Walp.) Warb. .. 481
ebracteolata Merr. _. 234 mindanaensis Warb. .......... 484
Tetoralia. Merr;” .2....6223.20..05...... 240 peltata Gaudich. .................. 487
longissima Merr.. .......:........./:... 235 pterostigma Wedd. .............. 481
longistipula Merr. .................... 236 | rigidifolia C. B. Rob. ........ 483
SP IMEL « MOD Ry icc. fc eics dice tcccsecess 236 subclausa C. B. Rob. _........ 486
mindanaensis Merr. .........”........ 237 subpeltata C. B. Rob, ........ 485
palawanensis Merr. .................. 238 | VODOGR <FRIMAs — Recyabesecdiodencscse 486
philippinensis Merr. ................ 288 | Taslanthus JE rosin. ccrnscsnayhboscereesendvien 240
philippinensis var. brevituba | cyanocarpus Jack ............ 240
RR ror Wie a pe eat 7 ee 340 | DRMPACARS ...2.....cioaieesines Wieiccccssaccsi 349
Lecanopteris pumila Blume .............. 285
J Lecanthus Wedd. c.c.c.-2-ccicnsecceeeeees 345, 495
Jamesoniella (Spruce) Steph. .......... 310 Ded nape eA WO!
flexicaulis Nees 310 | babe: hoe cr gpaaaam meee:
ok. ere ee a wallichii Wedd. 495
ovifolia Schiffn. .......... 310 ; r
2 TEES Do cl 223 378 | ; wightii Wedd. ......... 7 495
Shite nteu witasing? , | PNG LAD, sods case ng eereeiteinannsenasicec 196
| Qtadrihda: WEEE: | ecteccevasnsccceseccs 196
PAW AMUIDEY © 0 cpncexsoeamani duane ise 378 | L i 353
oumingii Merr. 298 | MP UTITIOGAD .<... Gots Reclccassiewins«snukocsce ‘
| Leiomela (Mitt.) Broth. .....00......... 149, 313
triplinervium Merr. .......... 228 | ‘
wee... 337 | javanica (Ren. & Card.)
Jungermanniaceae ..................--...-.0.-.- 310 | . BrOth, ----n-snsstenssrnrersssees 149, 313
ate 388 | Lembosia congregata Syd. SU ey ae 165
procumbens Linn. 388 Lens phaseoloides Stickman .............. 33
pee LOUOGIOR, DDD... . oie ccedee eevee ve cncntesce 310
K scolopendra (Hook.) Dum. 310
| Lepidagathis Willd, ...............- Ss aaSuasaate 386
i a ee 176 | cinerea Merr. ................ 387
macgregorii Merr. ................ 177 dispar ©. B. Clarke...... 386
paucidenticulata Merr. _....... 176 incana Nees .................. 388
Kalanchoe RS a Ps, 351 {ncurva G. Don.............. 3887
spathulata (Poir.) DG; ... 3851 javanica Lo) —_————e 3887
RL) | ee * 200 | Leptohymenium Schwaegr. ............ 158, 315
brevipes Merr. ................. .. -- 200 tenue (Hook. ) Schwa-
Kingiodendron Harms .......................- 88. ye ec tone ae 158, 315
alternifolium (Elm.) | Leptospermum Forst, -..........-20e---22------ 366
Merr. & Rolfe ........ 38 flavescens Sin. ............ 366
Kyllinga Rottb. .......--.----2-:.--seeeseseees SUS | Mamieacsas. .:.....cls.. eet cecce 157, 315
intermedia R. Br. ................. 333 | Lespedeza Wiehe: 3 ee oo 94
juncea var. sericea (Thunb. )
L Forbes & Hemsl. ............ 94
© ENTS eS en loe ee e 228, 381 sericea MiGs: 1. ei..c....-....00- 94
Jeep UUNPALIS DO. cn. Sk 725) Teptipaéna Benth. ee ee. nn ccce. ccs 30
WOR ITS “BO! | avec lick ease 134 glauca (Linn.) Benth, ...... 30
MUNA RANI, xo 5b ae sacussacdcddeecysicnnescacee 04. || TUR TR. TED. . ... Zoremenat ete ntiescandsseeve 881
dentata (Thunb.) C. B. marrubioides Desf. ..:..............- 381
fe aie AL etre BR Oe ee 401 MOUSSE AVE: <..........c0.ccr00s 381
Be Me al AS 4 | 1 ee ee 397 lg | GALL SR I Pe 381
alata (Don) Sch.-Bip. ........ 397 | Leucobryaceae .............. 141
ePOPUGe CMUMION. ooo so. es sd 477 | Leucobryum Hamp. , 141
anacardioides C. B. Rob. .... 478 boweringii Mitt. ............ 142
batanensis C. B. Rob. ........ 481 javense (Brid.) Mitt. .... 141
crassifolia C. B. Rob. ........ 480 SANCUM EPRI on... csccns 141
erenulata F.-Vill. -............... 478 sericeum Broth. ............ 141

— a ae

te * ae oe

J
al
r

>

7
a

ae

INDEX. 565
Page. Page.

EGUCOIOMG BEG. cca eh cli cewes 139 | Macromitrium goniorhynchum (Doz.
perviride Broth. §<.5.i.......... 139 | & Molk.) Mitt. os 145
Leucophanee Begin cise cae atieescckcececsees 142 | goniostomum Broth, “145, 312
albescens C. Miill. ........ 142 | reinwardatii Schwaegr. 144, 312

Liblietie gar a Soe edd sk daceccavdecs | semipellucidum Doz. &

Lilium Linn.
philippinense Baker

Linden bereiG LOH, .......-.....ccccseenceneres
philippensis
Eh A: ee Oe ee ee
MEALS ANNIE j8 5- 55.5 iso sec ct ubeubicesuaccecse
cultrata (Willd.) Sw. ........ 319
Liparia badocana Blanco.................... 68
EST SR ee ee 392
nicotianaefolia Heyne -........... 392
POMEEEMIG@OORO .....:-.5.2..56--gacs-ceeeee 378
Loheria Merr. ............-..---!-- 873
bracteata Merr. 374
Panieere Lint. 3 et teens - 222k 391 |
rehderl- Merr- 2 *............2.. 391
Dophocoles Pirie ee ses tne. te 310
hasskarliana Gott. —........... 310
Lopidium Hook. f. & Wils. -................. 157
javanicum Hamp. .............. 157
TIOTANTNACORE “Voicc cheers ees ev ansnes sire sehs 200 345
TTT CU Ah ee rete ef aan e-n os = 2s 345
benguetensis Merr. ............ 345
congestiflorus Merr. .......... 345
copelandii Merr. ................ 345
currant) Mere co... 345
haleonensis Merr, 345
pentapetalus Roxb. ............ 345
BOUTCA NOCK: 2s. <pcctretateetuse ate teaeh<asno 93, 354
ODCOnde ta” Creare rer scnseny 94
reniformis (Lour.) DC. ........ 94, 354
vespertilionis (Linn. f.) Desv. 93
Eoxogramme: Pree o.2e.2c2. 22-5020. 22<ce 323
parallela Copel. ............ 323
MlUCiINGCR LIC. cocccae coe ore, dace s tan ccncseers 241
monocephala Merr. 241
Lupinus angustifolius Blanco ............ vid
Mouzonia: WOM colic osteo eee ence 120
purpurea. Hil: -:.. 4 120
Taeeule DC. ccc. 2. 2cccccecconeecee os pee 337
campestris (Linn.) DC. ........ 837
effusa Buchenaw ...-...:....:.sscem 337
Lycopersicum Tourn. .......--..--------------- 384
esculentum Mill, .......... 384
Lycopodiaceae ............ 324
Lycopodium Linn. 324
carinatum De6s8v.......s.<ae 324
complanatum Linn, ........ 324
volubile Fiorst. ..:.s-:<um 324
PePeRORIG TADN, | 2. -........-22--c5sesavececae 377
Pamoea Wall. ..=.-ci.cuacR 877
M
WEDATARES. PDOUATS © ..:..:.-2-.--6.c0.ssene-ee 357

dipterocarpifolia Merr. -. 357
pe ee ea
wusramtt Merr. .....-.....--......-
Macrolobium bijugum Colebr. ............
Macromitri tin Borie. sonceigek 0s. --.202....

| BAG he vaghc coevensacenssie 144
| subuligerum Bryol

| RPL 8 te eee sorte ska et 144
sulcatum (Hook: &

IGPGY.) BFid.:........ 145, 312

| Macropsychanthus Harms .................. 120

ferrugineus Merr. 121

lauterbachii Harms 121
mindanaensis Merr. 120
Macrothamnium Fleisch. .................... 158
macrocarpum (Reinw.
& Hornsch.)

| Lo CY) 158

| Maesa EONS; 55 See eeees ce eas be eaten e 872

denticulata Mez ....................... 872

| Magnoliaceae " 348

| Mahonia nepalensis DC. ................-.-- 348

Mallotus’ Our... cog oes soe ncsseses essa 357
ricinoides (Pers.) Muell.-

AT eae ess acct ean 357

| Malpighiacege sire retents eeceteensse--—----2 186

Mp NGO RRR a Serer = oR cea cs.0cennsaaner 197, 361

Maroenaniiea (1..) Raddl ....................... 310

geminata Nees ................ 310

Mariscus Gaertn. ...................--.0cec0ecoe 333

| cyperinus (Retz.) Vahl .... 333

| Mastigophora Nees ............:..--..-.------....0- 311

| diclados Endl. .............- 311

| Mecopus nidulans Benn. .................... 136

PRE) ne 64

denticulata Willd. ............ ; 64

BACIVG. LANN, ..5.05.-555-. pose svouste 64

Medinils 2) UETe b Es) Pa aaa a 206, 368

cardiophylla Merr. .............- 206

cauliflora Merr. 207

clementis Merr. 208

COTCAUE SIRES Tiscbkt neces ccas cones 368

ODOVAUEUNOIE. 2,--.---..<..i.:.... 208

pulogensis Merr. ................ 368

triplinervia Cogn. .............- 209

whitfordii Merr. ............ 209, 368

Meibomia capitata O. Ktz. ................ 8h

chamissonis O. Ktz. .-.......... 82

manmetica O: KES. s:;-<psmanest 87

gyrans O. Ktz. ....... 86

wyrodes'O: Ktas ais... 86

heterocarpa O. Ktz. ............ 84

heterophylla O. Ktz. -......... 86

lasiocarpes “OO. Hts. .....-...... 88

laxiflora Oo. Sete. :-.............. 81

leptopue Ww. Tees, ”~............... 83

malacophylla O. Ktz. ........ 84

microphylla O. Kez. ....-.5.:.. 86

ormocarpodes O. Ktz. ........ 82

podocarpa.-O. Tete: (=:....- 83

pulohelia* 0. ‘Keen... a. 80

PoLPOnGCe oO. eee 2th; oe 85

scorpiurus O. Ktz. ............ 81

ree oO, Se eo ot 83

os

ee | 7, iN *H aad be at _ a. 7 A dl et als,
566 INDEX.
Page. Page.
Meibomia spiralis O. Ktz. -.......2........- 82 | Mierothyriaceae | sheen ksh aks 165
EPR, Cc TEER sachs scenckenacs 85} Mibrotie: Ri) Bri. Sevesltenestdiaits.... 340
wiquetra: 0: -36tei i4............. 86 unifolia (Forst.) Reichb. f. 340
umbellata O. Ktz. ...... . 80" | Nilicaniia -WHIGy. Aoccest. Recto. eccce.00e 393
Meladenia densiflora Turez. .............. 68 scandens (Linn.) Willd. ...... 393
Melasmia exigua Syd. .............---------- 166 | weitiettia We GA. Sno eee ented 70
Melastomatacese 9 ..................4...-... 203, 367 ahernii Merr. & Rolfe ........ 71
MR UORTEN, TuSTIPL, fo cce cents consiushopindsanansntne 367 caerulea F.-Vill. .......-0--0------ 71
bensonii Merr. ........ canariifolia Merr. .............--. TE
toppingii Merr. cavitensis Merr. ...............--. fe
Meliaceae deciplons Pram « civsiec. cd cw 72
Melicope POrst, © ........--..ccet-cecces----ee0 foxworthyi Merr. ................ 72
eeneihoré MB? ....:.<<-.--.--:-.-:. 182 longipes Perk. ............. TW
luzonensis Engl. .............-..-- 355 luzonensis A. Gray ............ 73
Meliola hyptidis Syd. ................ 164 poerrillit, Perks niiaaiss.veccene ye
Meliosma Blume ...............0.--00-++ 195, 359 piscatoria Merr. ...............-- 107
WHAM O VS MOP S's. ce.. den sncaceses 359 pulchra Benth, 2.000.000.0002... 73
rétiouiataé Merr. ...........<:...... 195 sericea W. & A. .......- 73
Melothria Linn. 391 splendens F.-Vill. ..... 106
SULT SPS ae a 392 splendens W. & A. ..... 73
mucronata (Blume) Cogn... 391 splendidissima Vid. .......... ; 73
Memecylon Blume ................-....00.0.... 209 thyrsiflora Benth. ................ 103
sessilifolium Merr. .......... 209 xylocarpa Naves .................. 7i
Merceya Schimp. .............----:--+-0-+- 143 | Mimosa Linn. ...c.ceccececceseseessccesesceceeseees 81
bacanii Broth. ............ tas clo Blatee: eee cceuecs. 25
minuta Broth. ............ - 144 asperata Blanco .................... 31
subminuta Broth. ................ 143 biglobosa Roxb. ..................-. 33
Merrilliobryum Broth. ..............-..-.- 156, 315 blancoana Llanos .................- 31
philippinense Broth. 156, 315 cassia: Lao tek ee 29
Merrittia Merr. : 396 carisquis Blanco ......0..0..00....-. 28
benguetensis (Hlm.) Merr. 396 concinna Willd. .............2...-. 28
Metabolus angustifolius DC. .............. 388 coriaria Blanco .......:.:............ 21
BUOLOOTIOPOIN TP lCIGGD. — ..0...0005.0.5.-0050.-05- 153 dulcis: Heep. tee 16
reclinata (C. Miill.) SOUROR TH. eesti viccsess...- 32, 33
Pleisch, ..........2---::sse0s0 153 farnesiana Linn. .................. 28
Meteorium Doz. & Molk. .........-.....- 153, 314 glauca LAND, ..-ccccceccccsececceoee 30
helminthocladum (C, intela) DAROs. 22 eects. ce me 29
(Miill.) Fleisch. ...... 153, 314 lebbéck Gi ris. ecco csecsesco..cecase 23
miquelianum (C. Miill.) lebbek Blanco ...........0.0.0.000--- 22
Fleisch. .......-......s0..s0- 1538, 314 marginata Lam. .................... 23
Mezoneurum Desf. .............---------000+22++ 56 membranulacea Blanco ........ 52
benguetense Elmer ...... 55 ponnate Saino di saekes.<. es cocks 29
cucullatum (Roxb.) W. peregrina Blanco .............-..-- 833
\ i, Oe EEO 56 DPLOCRTA “GR Dsreeseceiesecsccses cones 21
furfuraceum Prain ...... 57 PUdIDa TAN, cee et hvtoisc.----- 31
glabrum Desf, ...........-.- 57 punctata Blanco ..........00.0...--. 32
hymenocarpum W. & quadrivalvis Linn. ................ 30
A, weeeseceeceeetteeeesetteceeees 56 Fugata Tie oss o...-c0cicces 28, 29
latisiliquum (Cav.) @aman. JNG6: 29s 15
MEIT, | ...---------+-2--00+2e000 6, 57 BADODAFIM GUE. |<. ceijncois-nt, een 24
macrophyllum Blume .. 56 seandéns aon: 32
mindorense Merr. .......- 57 scutifera Blanco 17
mindorense var. inerme scutifera var. [casai] Blanco 19
MELT, «.-----seco--neeeesesseees 57 stipulata Roxb. oo... 23
procumbens Blanco ...... 57 tenuifolia Blanco .................. 29
pubescens Desf. ............ 56 unguis-cati Blanco .............. 16
rubrum Merr, .............-.- 57 virgata Blanco en 82
Be e (Roxb.) 87 Miscanthus Anders. ...............22.-2---- 170, 325
Micranthemum indicum Hk. f. & Th. 229 ites ops eae rah
MP RMTI ES IL, - EST 1asbcasiapsen~cnasctoascscontenvt 328 ieee
stipoides (Labill.) R. DUDUBCOAC «.:.:-.....25050.2.:cearitig ent 149, 313
ee cay 32g | Mniodendron Lindb, ............-.:.0:00 162
MEAMTOIADER ETOBL . oi5n.coccceccspeconnjesncsinesenae 318 divaricatum (Hornsch.
strigosa (Thunb.) Presl .. 318 & Reinw.) Lindb. ...... 162

INDEX. 567
Page. | Page.
Mnium (DII11.y Bans 5 skeet eee 149,318 | Negretia mitis Blancoy.-...-...2..2.2.2,.-:-.. 127
rostratum Schrad, .............. 149, 313 | pruriens Blanco 117
Moghania macrophylla O. Ktz. .......... 130 | Urens -BlaneG 2. .:.....-.c.- 116
Mol list@OQp me icrste 5) see siec 2005 -2..222.--0- 166 Neolitsea (Benth.) Merr. ae 349
Mollisia. ravida Syd." —.::-...:.........2........ 166 megacarpa Merr. ................ 349
Monarthrocarpus Merr. .....................--- 88 | microphylla Merr, .............. 349
securiformis villosa (Blume) Merr. ........ 349
(Benth.) Merr. .. 89 | Nepenthaceae .......... 350
securiformis var. Nepenthes Linn. 350
monophylla Merr. .. 90 Slate BlaAnGO i... ......00...0.. 350
Monostachya: Merv. ..:...-.-.-.-..---------.-..-4- 330 | Nephrolepis:‘Schott ..........-0......22....0..... 318
centrolepidoides Merr... 331 cordifolia (Linn.) Presl.. 218
CS SAG SRE ICE, Oe 342 | Neptunia oleracea Lour. .................... 136
CES TN on cnethideey-ao---- 115 | Nertera Banks & Sol. 2.00.2.000.00..00200200..- 390
= acuminate Merr.-.....-.......:..:... 116 depressa Banks & Sol. .......... 390
atropurpurea F.-Vill. ........ 117 | nigricarpa Hayata ................ 390
aurea C, B. Rob. |:....... Pry ics 118 Neustanthus chinensis Benth, ............ 123
Capitate Wie BAe sic.xs..0c2 L185) Nicotiana: Cann 2 cccstpetecercmsthcen-s-0se.0 884
CUTAN) Bertie c.f o. ass .s.... 116 tabactim: Liltiiies F220... 384
eyanosperma K. Sch. ............ 116 Nummularia anthracodes (Fr.)
deeringiana (Bort) Merr. .... Bey I ae ‘164
gigantea (Willd.) DC. ........ LLG | HVORREMMIADORS ene 175
IMDPIGKta SEY Heke. cage. ts. 22 280 116) PS
eran agama pie (+8 341
longipedunculata Merr. ...... ye iy cylindrica Lindl. .................. 841
lusoniseeleeiaeeT 117 | Ochrocarpus pentapetalus F.-Vill. .... 199
lyontt Mates lo Lie, 417 Ocvoplepnarum Hedw. ...-....---..<.----:..... 142
mindorensis Merr. ................ 116 eibidum (fh tnn.)
monosperma F.-Vill. ............ 116 Hed. ...-..----eeseesees 142
nigricans (Lour.) Steud... 116 | Odomtosoria Fée -.:..........-..-.-------------+ S18
nivea (Roxb.) W. & A. ........ 417 | chinensis (Linn.) J. Sm. .. 318
pruriens (Linn.) DC. .......... 117. Oedicladium foxworthyi Broth. ........ 152
sericophylia Perk. ................ 117. Clgemmaneaia Ginn,’ ..-..: 0 2.....-222....... 243
Muldera Hook: & | Biste TOOK. 2%. 2. cioc-sc.5s 243
Muect ..:...2iee pterita (Blume) Mig. ...... 243
Mussaonda Dittiti red sce as 241, 389 Oleaceae .......-..---.-seeeeceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees + 228, 378
albificra? Mérr, .2.....:--.4.35 241 OMABTACEAC -.....-.---------eneneeeeeeeeteeseeeees 369
benguetensis Elm. ............ 389 Ophiopogon Ker «2... eeeeee eens 338
frondosa Auct. Philip. ...... 242 japonicus (Linn.) Ker...... 838
grandiflora Rolfe ............ 242 Tae CY ei an eerie a 340
philippica A. Rich. ........... 242 | Ormocarpum DC... eee 76
ville White oo ke 243 ‘ cochinchinense (Lour.)
Myriactia Lease, 45.4 es eos oo. se eeacs 394 MEIT. -...--..-------0eesee0-0-+ 76
humilis Merr, ........--...---.- 394 glabrum T. & B. ............ 7
MyrsinaceRe. .ccciicccchesnkseietsccnsetad 212, 872 sennoides DC. ...........-.... 76
Myrtaceae: cco dccceuhact ches Me gee | Ormosia Jacks. -......--..-..---.---.eeedeees 58
Myuriacese sccdicsiecsstes thence 152 calavensis Azaola ................ 58
Myurium Schimip...i...n0c.ciwcaetene oe 152 paniculata Mery, .................. 58
foxworthyi (Broth.) Broth. .. 152 INT OLVICN A CORE, 422 5<.<csc5sces=-052 sees eocee 144, 312
Z Cre Re Ey i eg 2 a ene eae 367
N Chinetisis: Vitii as cssececsces-~>-- 367
Nasturtium R. Br. ............:.:....eeeeee 350 | Oxalidaneae one
indicum DC. ......2333 350 Onxnlhg RAR acasdosr oe sc
MAGKOrACOAC ........-.---------2-s.0<cn-eae 152, 314 saint: ~ ent, eee ms
ek elntte Griff... ae 154 Oxyrrhynchium (Bryol. Eur.) Warnst. 161
gracilenta Bryol. Jav. .......... 155 : Loo ell wor) 161
Jenineana Mont. «.....--.cstine 155 jac 2)?
loriformis Bryol. Jav. .......... 155 P
hesmercneis reichdt. .....................:-... MPa RCH YTTOIZUS RAC, ....ccesccnsecccsensassencsese 135
_erinita (Griff.) Fleisch... 154 angulatus Rich. .......... 135
gracilenta (Bryol. Jav.) DMIDOSUS. FORTS .20.0....- 135
a ne eee 155 erosus (Linn.) Urb. .... 185
lepineana (Mont.) . jicamas Blanco ....... «ose 135
WIGIGGH: ..--.20-5-castsneneeecee 155 montanus -Blanco ........ 123

Pay eras is Hak ne =
. ‘

se

r si fee niall eo i 7 a Oe eee es,
568 INDEX.
Page. | ’ Page.
Pachyrrhizusteres Blanco ................ 123 | Peperomia reflexa A. Dietr. ................ 342
thunbergianus S. & Z. .. 128 reflexa forma calcicola C.
PNG NT nn asnk scape inahiaadeastasctnisctanse 390 | DG, | 5. Spee eer vettdecate. ose. 410
tomentosa Blume 390 reflexa forma capensis Miq. 410
TR I ee ee 321 | reflexa forma parvilimba C.

Rie OR IPED 5, 05 Aictawcdapcns-s- 321 | DO... ..<cjedaeseheiwemeve tues 0tsc= 410
ha TE 900 | eee $21 | reflexa forma subsessilifo-
A ns sa wcanchlunee 41 | Tis’ G.. TR ace: fas 410

jevavica “Mig... .ceci3 41 | rivulorum-C. DC. .............. 412
rhomboidea (Blanco) Prain-.. 41 rubrivenosa C. DC. ............ 409
Tg oS | OE rr LOS, B27 tomentosa var. carnosa C.
MUEIEO TUOUR: dnsevecacsteicincccancve 168 — DO, > ..csaupescteataceubeibestovals do 409
crus-galli Linn. ......-....0.:. 327 ventenatii var. pubescens
palmaefolium Koen. . ' $27 Wid, eedbecacqvontuabsbastincentl 408
psilopodium Trin. ..... -- 168 | Peracarpa Hook, f. & Th. .c.csceec ccs... 392
villosum Lam. ............ bis 327 carnosa Hook. f. & Th. ...... 892
Parietaria microphylla Linn. ............ 487 | lugonica Bolie te. .....c0e.86c.. 392
PMID Bia TON: inn osanctnesecmennatcshsnyndesinréen 83 | Peranema Don. .....-snsitwaces.sste 316
intermedia Hassk. ...-.............. 34 cyatheoides Don 816
pure Ly pCR CG 21 to $38, 34 luzonica Oopeli 2a... 816
timoriana (DC.) Merr. ........ BS | Periéporiacese ~...i.-etic-<oiiccgeeinesess-.ts. 164
Parochetus communis Ham. ............ 136 Peristrophe Nees 229
PNA EIR hi aeettdan. onawnacstiods onstiba 68, 354 lancifolia Merr. _... 229
glandulosa (Blanco) Merr... 68,354 Pperrottetia HBK. 359
2: 7 il (0) ease cen eeereerr er tes 68 alpestris var. philippinen-
Paspalum sanguinale var. ciliare sis (Vidi) Stapt..d:.... 359
NS MONG ous ccc bis Pan sigens EnaesTudeauh newyekoate 168 | Phanera bidentata Benth. .................. AA
ROME UNATIA WATE, a0. oon eastindcaaetdscousyacebne 157 blanco! Bem. ..220...:-.. 43
UMC ATS NE ns corset baevea absnns 157 cumingiana Benth. .............. 4A
PPRTEGUIOTGRUGICH:, — o.0h.c0.-cccreartdeszaveess 496 | semibifida Benth. .................- 45
falcdta; Boerhs oiicl.viscesceossce- 505 | vahlii Naves ............-2-:.1--- AA
insignis Boerl. ..............-..--- 504 | Phaseolus Linn. 2.......5.5.....-cscsssenaeee--- 131, 354
machaerophylla Boerl. ........ 505 adenanthus G. W. F. Mey. 182
mesargyrea Boerl. ........... . 504 bulai Blanco ............ 62
mindanaensis C. B. Rob..... 496 calcaratus Roxb, ...... 182
MARR TROP IS 2. cre cn oct ces 504 caracalla Blanco ................ 188
robusta Boer, .....c....:-ccesce 504 ilocanus Blanco .................- 181
sinuata (Blume) Boerl..... 497 inamoenus Blanco .............. 181
WEECMEH,” SOOTY, ocyckacveecevdetcotcas 504 | dumatue Tete: cscs -cis-... 181, 354
PPD hOYUI VOR: -....:--...--2+000---<oaassece 57 minimus Roxb. 1382
ferrugineum Benth. ...... 57 mungo Blanco 132
inerme (Roxb.) Naves.. 57 mungo Linn. -..-..-.-.--------. 133
Peperomia Ruiz & Pay. ...........22..--- 342, 406 pubescens Blume ...............- 132
SE :. Sree eae © | FACIAUIIG WateRs Siiceceecce-- ct 132
canlaonensis C. DC. ........ 408 | ricciardianus Ten. ..:.... ems 133
sine OC. 0... 412 Tostratus? Walls caiuew....... 182
exigua Mig. .............. 410 | semierectus Jinn. ....... aig 132
laevifolia Miq. .........- .. 410 | sublobatus: Roxb. -ii.-.......... 188
lagunaensis C. DO. .......... 407 | trinerviue Heyne ..2............. 133
Venanenais. CDG. shee 410 tunkinensis Blanco ............ 131
macgregorii C. DC. .......... 412 vexillatus Blanco .............. 131
marivelesana C. DC. ........ 413 — vulgaris Blanco ..............-... 131
merrillii ©. DO. 2.2... 411 biped tre en: necananmamaant —
mindoroensis C. DC. ........ 413 | PRHORotEe STIG. .....cnpe...2cveenet........ 149
negrosensis C. DC. .......... 412. falcata (Hook.) Mitt. -....... 149
pallidibacca Colona a” 3 SaReeon ieee 413 wallisii (C. Miill.) Jaeg. .... 149
pellucida Kunth .............. 411 | Photinopteris J: Sma, i¢-ceeeee:1e.<.-.-. 323
pellucidopunctulata C. | ‘speciosa Eee eee 8238
NES CA ae eee A411 | Phycomiycetes -......c2.i% pr sicipescoss nde 2sse 163
puberulifolia C. DC. ........ 412 | Phylacium Benn, ...........--------.-4-0--+- 94, 354
recurvata forma longispica bracteosum Benn, ...:...... 94, 354
So Ce hae ae 409. Phyllachora aggregatula Syd. -........... 165
recurvata forma pilosior C. circinata Syd. .............----- 165
. pe iin a 408 | fici-fulvae Koord. .......... 165

oa ee

eas

subexasperatus (C. Miill.)
Broth.

Pilotrichopsis Besch. -..........-..--..-++--- 1$i:,
dentata ( Mitt.) Besch, 151,
Pinaceae .....-.---.-----.--...0e:ssescessnsenseunennae
Pinus Linn.

insularis Find. ......---.-ssscssseesasten
Khseye Royle .....-...----<sns-sseccuee

Pineraceae ~*.--....----.------- Lane 342,
Piper Linn. .......---.---------------eeesee 342,

abbreviatum Opiz -...........:c.c%
gupraense C. DC, ..22::.22. :
eentihnaccum C.-DGC. -2.2.:20:.:.-..82
aitiidirameum C, DC, ...:.......08
Memes. ©, DC. .......-.-----+---ssreseuies
mpoamum ©. DC. ....--..-2:-.s-sedies
methionbum. C..DC. ......-.sscecsaes
baccatum Blume
baguionum C. DC. ..........
hamtanum' CO. DC. ....<-.:.3:meamee
bathycarpum C. DC. .......... cage
Rea LATIN). ........-2.-.0eese<nsocaaueeebeee
betle var. densum C. DC. ........
previamentum C. DC. ...............-
Gacuminum ©. DC. ..............-...-
cagayanense C. DC. ..
canaliculatum Opiz
canting: (ac. Detr., ............i-- eae

INDEX.

Page.
Phyllachora fici-minahassae P. Henn. 165
luzonensis P. Henn, ........ 165
sacchari P. Henn, .........- 165
topographica Sace. .......... 165
Phyllanthus Linn... -..........-....---------.00-++- 356
benguetensis C. B. Rob... 356 |
reticulatus Poir. ............ 356
Phyllodium pulchellum Desy. ...........- 80
Fig it OSS A ean, oe ... 344, 487
angulata Blume .........--......---...-.. 494
Gpecnsis Wim, .2.-...4-......--.--------- 492
pbenguetensis C. B. Rob. ........ ee 488
bracteosa Wedd. ..._.................-- 489
Panis ©. 3. Rebs-..<....-..--..--.--- 493
eGR “MAG oF os iicsAcsundengace<os--<- 494
axtnenasis C.°B. Roby 2..4::.....:.... 494
Bumitie ©. ‘Be Raby se csasc--sss 488
intumescens C. B. Rob, .....--.------ 492
johniana Stapf .--i.4-s<..2............. 488
luzonensis: MeLrps ss.<->-s2----.:--.-2.- 492
melastomoides (Poir.) Wedd. 844, 490
microphyla (Linn.) Liebm. ...... 487
monticole: Gs B. Hob, «....:..--.-.-.-.- 489
MUSCOBS LAB esis salencssecncess.02.003 487
peploides (Gaudich.) Hook. & |
PATO. cic cctiedeettateetettgeduececes-c---ta0- 488 ©
Figida ©. Ey etOisereege rss seesccp.s---- 491
robinsontii < Hebmey 4. tesesc-:..--..---.- 490
scripta Wedd. ©... .s.2..:.-.-.......----- 492 |
sylvatica Bhm. ......,......:.- peycleesdes 494
trinervia Wight. 3..4-x.-...-.... 490, 491 |
Piliostigma acidum Benth. ................ 43 |
Pilopogon Brid,. 2:2. caance...-.00.000 140, 312
blumei (Doz & Molk.)
Broth; | n.<.pareen-orayeasstrononecti 141
exasperatus (Brid.) Broth. 140 |

Piper caninum var. glabribracteum

eA a: 3 ee IS yo
caninum var. lanaoense C. DC.
caninum var. latibracteum C.

5 BG aoe ele dendnrence, p= * Minne iy eee
caninum var, sablanum C. DC.
carnistyluiiot,. T)Gy 22. -<.-..i-s-~.:--
chaba Blumsés....25...:.. pease
clemobrsiag, 2 UDG Gi ccse..-..<052-.:.--
copelamdlicGieG, Fis... scsi eens’
corylistachyon C. DC. ..............
corylistachyon var. magnifo-

VR rg Gite! oe res
costulatum C. DC. ........ (rao aae
crassinodunm. ©. TDG, %........-.-..-.-.
cristatum Gago0 sy sa races...-<-0---5--5
cumingianuny Migs .--............-..
CURtI fol imme, Tia ee nenccsesses-s
Gasat pai We N.S pes ts ccwwssccasce
Gavacen se: Gy DOr sere tees cnesess00s
delicatum: CDG, aaa..--+..=---+---:
delicatum var. glabrum C. DC.
densibaccum C. DC. ...,............--
denudatum: “Opts oecige.- rece stats...
dipterocarpinum C. DC. ............
ellipticibaccum C. DC. ............
SSN SS 8 5
firmolimbum C. DC. ................ .
UMEMMORLOMETODS, (.c,Sthcsctrsecosenssyetscen
fragile var. multinerve C. DC. ..
ginbrispicum C. DC, ......:.....-....
Naenkeantm Opiz ........-..........-
Meinaneueerts, LOS J uc22.5:-1-....-...
0) GOS.) Cg Po ner aaa
hirsutissimum Miq. .............-..-..-
incerrugtim Opts Aiis.s...0. 9.0.5:
interruptum var. herbaceum C.

PSS | cc nckenhlatacas cxclieiegsesinaltapeeeees
interruptum Opiz var. multipli-

nerve C..DC. ebiviayis cuties.
interruptum var. subarbores-

CORE. CoO siaBeretsccsiessyceec=<--
Jamoris Cee ee ile <n. --2-0--.-..
Jaiyert Ceti, patiekde..-----..500c001
Mor tla megh bee eee cede ets <<a eo ncc ass 2--
korthalsii var. longibracteum

2 coach ARN lI A ei ve
laevirameum C. DC, ............ Pee
jagentovatitum C. DG... ciyesenss.
langiassei- C; DC.» .scm..<.scbvengcc-8s
laxirameum ©; D@) ..2:.:....s->-, ,
prea Vie ooo. ee eet ecto
lessertianum. C.. DO. .cnn.-s.i
Meridum: OC; DO. clic tect seeesveee
hanert. ©, DG. ..cveat a vcaiorth.-dere
loheri var. multiplinerve C. DC.
longistigmum C. DC. ............ uae
jongivaginans C. DC, ......:.---.:.:
PRVRPMPAEED) SIGSNEL, «ooo: . dw cscessecedsnac-sueny
luzonense C.. DC..<.. 0. c.cs-tscsshoneens
maagnasanum C. DC. ..............--
malalacanum C, DC. ......20.3-0
malarayatense C. DC. ................
malindangense ©. DC. _..............
marivelesanum C. DC. ..............

_—

ee Te aS ae ee ee oe

i il et oe ee ee ie.

es ee an ee lh Ue

OM ee Fe Ore te ee ee ee eT er "
{
570 INDEX.
Page. Page.
maner: gervhalt CDOs .ctticicatincn.. 447 | Pistaole Lain. caress ta sien ic.cecsccck 357
pug) ha kG Sieg & 6 SRO Rae Ay ee 426 formosana Matsum. .............. 857
pel gt ADS De? aa 460 philippinensis Merr, & Rolfe.. 357
mindorense C. DC. ......0..00000.... 428 | Pisum Linn. |...;..dg cone | 108
miniatum Blume ..................-..-.- 422 sativum Linn. ............... poe 108
aatetems TSE Mistellum C, DO. 422 | pidscclobiuin Masi dakes...... 16, 353
megroserae ©; DO. ..c-c.26c.00.2.... 454 | sclktWid ane... 25
by) gig) 9) bs ieee er - 452 | ‘angulatenn “Udder ah.)
nigrum var. trioicum C. DC, .... 452 | Benth ‘ 19
oblongibaccum C. DC. .............. 441 ; ie: Saige
officinarum C, DC. .................. 439 bigeminum Mart. ........ 20
oophyllum C. DC. ...................... 430 | clypearia Benth. .......... $7
ovatibaccum C. DC, ..............-- 445 | dulce (Roxb.) Benth. .. 16
ovatibracteum C. DO. .............. 447 ellipticum (Blume )
parcinilum (0: D0.) f35..%6..0.5.... 445 HGRGK. 2 cisic. 0... cccenee 19
parcirameum ©. DC. ................ 445 fasciculatum Benth. .... 19
parvispicum ©, DO, \....c...:.c..... 433 lobatum Benth, ............ 18
Pavoinerve. O)-DO) s.ccicdonee 456 lobatum F.-Vill. .......... 27
pendulifolium ©. DG. ......0.... 429 mindanaense Merr. .... 18°
Dennimerya? G.-TG. ciccie ce ecccesoecs 440 montanum Perk, .......... 19
Se ia 0 0c aa 430 montanum Vid. ............ 20
philippinense C. DC. ................ 431 montanum var. micro-
philippinum Mig. ......... Misi ABT : phylla Benth, .......... 20
pT OAD] a eee aa 423 parvifolium Merr. ........ 20
phil Sop Crh OAD 8 | 8 ee ee 452 pauciflorum Benth. ...... 18
Pomenoram CO. DOs 5..c i. 436 | (?) platicarpum Merr. 17
Povolneum °C. NO; + ..%:.-2.:..3.... 438 | prainianum Merr. ...... 20
pseudochavica C. DO. .......... 427 saman- Benth; -......:...2... 15
puberulinodum C. DC, .............. 429 | scutiferum (Blanco)
pulonthee ©. DO. ees... 453 | po SS ae 17
BAT RORHE ODIS oo. eoscsevenascesynie-css 436 | subacutum Benth. ...... 19, 353
ramosii C. DC, ...........-..---- 426 — williamsii Elm. .......... 26
retrofractum Vahl ................-... 439 | Pittosporaceae -..ccecce-cceccoeeeeeeccoe----... 179, 352
rhombophyllum ©. DC, ............ 433 | Pitionoran teans oe bas
rhyncholepsis C. DC. ................ 423 | olemnetiiy aes aes " 180
rhyncholepsis var. breviouspe littorale M ee thy
Cc. DC. 424 a A 179
pouiaenll CO) DC... tees 445 | megacarpum Merr, ........ 179
rotundistigmum C. DC. _.......... 426 | pentandrum (Blanco)
rubripunctulatum C. DC. .......... 432 | MET. -oneeeeeseeseneeneeeeseeens 352
rufinerve OPiZ oocececccccccccceceeeoees-s. 462. ramiflorum Zoll. .............. 180
sarmentosum Roxb. .................. 424 | ramosii Merr. .................. 180
gismsnne CO. 443 | resiniferum Hemsl, ........ 352
sibulanum C. DC. ......... eA.) 440 | Bipocoue Dum. 225. 1s ee:....).. 310
hha (Ar co Bi OH 80) al 441 vittata Steph. ....0. 310
subpeltatum Willd. ............ 4 AGS. |, SPRMIORPTIA Mett, Si.s Aiixiestecccsicicccco. 820
subprdstratum ©. DO. «22.03.03... 425 MONG CO Hranhisce acetone 320
taumanum ©.' DC. .........s.csecs.. 462 pycnophylla (Ktze.)
tenuipedunculum CG. DC. .......... 460 Mott: «ee 3220
tenuirameum ©. DO. ..........-+---+-- 456 pycnophylla var. integra
toppingii | ag | ga ae 446 Copel. an J 285
umbellatum var. glabrum C. DC. 463 Plagiothecium Brygicoure net... 160, 315
nore var. subpeltatum ins miquelii (Bryol. Jav.)

Rares Soyshesnste-ei yah sonenetaeai BY bites. 160
yi | a ae 2. aereeee ene eee pe ae 439 neckeroideum Bry ol.
varibracteum C. DC, ........ 421 ae; eee 160, 315
WEE ARem mS 2) DDO. soeniesastnninsonn yer FPiecsranthus Li Heriy.. casaetcs.-cesee kc 3882
WireIele. OIG a.nd cout ttecl 4.2. 436 — . diffusus Merr 382
Mee CO. 0,” . 5.5005 Aske. 439 es ee
williamsii C. DC. .................... 441 Pleurogramme Pregl. ..........ccccee-c-ss.ccceee 321
zamboangae ©. DC. .................... 424 loheriana Christ ........ 321

Petrariis Wedd. .<<0.cc.-<ccc-ccceesceecececnles. S44 | Eleurosia Dum.. ....412,.chamiieemeons eae 311

EMD. WRAMED. is oe YE eS 844 gigantea (Web.) Lindb. ...... 311

(5 ae TS" ig Oe ee 7 a SO 175 | Pldchea incisa W1m,:.ccccchcasseecsies 895
Sammillil. Merr. .....::............:... 175 scabrida DOy agi aac 395

ie
it
oh
7
*,

INDEX. : 571
Page. Page.
Podocarpus Li H6nit, © crete tices seens---- <2 824 | Pongamia glabra Vent. ............:......... 101
imbricatus var. cumingii glabra var. xerocarpa
32 EE og Au eee 324 SP PENT. <i cece a ss tace snes uoes> 101, 102
PogonatuMmi: PAHey | Soiccs cs. cciewess cece eee. 150, 314 grandifolia Zoll, & Mor. .... 101
alb o-marginatum cc: mitis (Linn.) Merr. ............ 101
1D 9 150 mitis var. xerocarpa
cirratum Broth. :...-............ 150 ( FESBRiC; EO OLT.- <.2-...:-250-. 101
microstomum R. Br, .... 150, 314 sinudte* Walis..........:-...0.------ 103
spurio-cirratum Broth. .. 150, 314 | uliginoss. DG)<2..24.............. 105
wallisii (C. Miill.) Jaeg. -- 151 | xerocarpa Haask, ................ 101
warburgii C. Mill, .......... 150 | Potomorphe C. DC, -ciece--leces-essoeeesseeeees 463
TPGOBEORMIUT DIGRE ooo s-detkccshorveres-ce---- 381 | PotelaGege stesso twee oocac sb adsesecncsese 143
philippinensis Moore ...... 381 + Pouzolzia Geman, ~ 5 cei cde----i<.--eccopeccsces 344
Pohlia Hedw. . ae he viminea Wedd. ....-.---.--.-.---- 476
erongatao( Hed wi)* \..¥.....-.....-.-- 146 | Prema LANs Sie cca cgerctd pn wneset--s<eee- 380
leptocarpa (Bryol. Jav.) odorata Blanco 380
EUAN) «ERD Ath a a er 146 | Primula cease hors scc-nch a eens sean dbacescosssss 377
scabridens (Mitt.) Broth. ........ 146 Prismatomeris Thwaites 243
Poinciana pulcherrima Linn, .............. . o4 | albidiflora Thwaites -... 243
TOG1S TOTS otieni ve 0-0-0-----2------ 52 | tetrandra (Roxb.) K.
roxburgbii "G. Don.............. DT. oh Fby oe 243
ASLo 0G FOG Flat by bs Bygone ey eee 325 | Procris:Gommerm .<.::tssscasss-2--25----------:- 505
quadrinervis Hack. .............--- 325 crenate O. 5. 800. «..-....----—--.. 507
POlVCATDAGR Lahti on cetes ge saccnes-sa07---72- 347 erecta Blaneda2-2.--.:,.-..--.....<0:.. 507
corymbosa (Linn.) Lam. 347 SV ANGIS WWWOU Mere ks i sno se5-0-c5~--s 507
ROLY SOU ACORD er eemianawannetese--ce-eare=se---—— 346 integriftGlia Tye... ..6:5<--c<4-5-- 542
Poly OUI LA ee occsstaceatsacesss--20<c-2<0 1-95 346 laevigata Mere ‘...........-.-......-. 505
ahinense:. Linn, .:....:..---.---- 346 fawuneusin ©, 33, RROD,. ...----<---- 506
posumbu Ham, ..........-------- B46 peduncularis WAIL ..........-------- 495
punctatum. Ban “:-..-....... 346 pedunculata (Forst.) Wedd. .. 507
Polyosma Blumé. .c.g-ccpieeerecees-<ke<> 352 philippinensis C. B. Rob. ........ 505
philippinensis Merr. .........-.. 352 pseudostrigosa Elm. .............. 506
Poly Podlaceae usec sec sew tee sea o stead 316 sesquifolia Reinw. ...,............ 7 542
Poly podium GADD pps heciesctean-oy---- o-oo 321 sinuata Blume 497
albidosquamatum Blume.. 321 violacea Blanco ; 508
argutum Wall. ..........-:c _ 821 | Prosaptia Pres] -........----------+---1---ereee+ 318
benguetense Copel. .........- 822 linearis Copel, ................-..- 318
caespitosum (Blume) URIS TEA DAL PUI «Bees 2 cos caesar tag dna oekpocannescnn
Mett.. .....-..-.c01i4.00cee 322 juliflora F.-Vill. _.... :
congenerum (Blume) vidaliana Naves
Pres] ....sc.csesseseuemeeeeen BOD 3! PT OCOMNGSRYR CONC]. so cecwececerre-cncconse
elmeri Copel. > u:c..eeeee 322 prooksii Copel. ..........-. 283
fasciculatum (Blume) Primus Lyle eee ewcatcitigs nes sisnsqeecnonscos 180
Pres] ......-..0<ssasaaneueeeee B22 junghubnianus Miq. 180
gracillimum Copel. .......... 322 | Pryona bantamensis Mig. .........--......... 39
hirtellum Blume ............. 29°: Pesudarturiame. © A.2............---.:.-...+ r 90
mollicomum Nees & viscida (Linn.) W. & A. 90
Blume .i..-2:de ee 822 | Pseudoracelopus Broth. .....................- 150
obtusissimum C. Chr, ..... 322 philippinensis Broth. 150
palmatum Blume ............ 822 | Pseudospiridentopsis ( Broth.) Fleisch. 154
subauriculatum Blume .... 322 | horrida (Mitt.)
subevenosum Baker ........ 322 Binlaehe siackise 154
subpinnatifidum Blume.... 323 Psidium Linn. 366
venulosum Blume .......-...- 828 Pi a) i) ae 366
zippelii Blume ......--........ QBS. | Psophocerpue Pesos: 6 ac--<25--<.s.....0ccccssesce 136
Perevetiqntim Roth ...;...----.----sssssesubeaees LT tetragonolobus (Linn.)
; aculeatum (Linn.) CG PeE te wcous-sennccaccouces 136
BODO: x.....:c00<.302e5ceee FUG ME oh Ba Bs be, Saas oe ee ee 68
amabile (Blume) -J. Sm. 317 badocana Blanco. ...........:....:. 68
auriculatum (Linn. ) MOOMHOLTIA, Celtis. .ccgecsccusavpenareke<ssdan 243, 389
r OT ea aN Oe MEE es” 318 crispipila BBE: x-:aac-s-5 389
POU UHM B ONO beikese0s2220...<5-.....2-2-2-00-- 150, 314 macgregorii Merr. ............ 389
Pongamia Vent. ’ Pence s 1) 5 phanerophlebia Merr. ...... 243
Gi ORD. ucts... .......2.-2% 105 yamosil Mert. -..301....,......- 244

572 _ INDEX.
Page. | Page.
rt ION os sil conte ieeble. 821 READ RROACA UL. dee ae ee ae 377
aquilinum (Linn.) Kuhn.... 321 philippinensis (A. DC.) Mez 377
Pteridophyta ........... Ligh nnn ct saad Sock CHWON theese 315 , Reichardia pentapetala Blanco f
BV a Se ne 821 | Ritacopilacese °.....0500.2 ecco. rm
CNT UII asd So oes Sacks lnscddncsdee B21 |. Rhacopilua Palis.. 255. 2s...
quadriaurita: Retz: ...........0.:...:.. 321 spectabile Reinw. &
Pterobryella (C. Miill.) ©. Miill. ........ 152 ERGOT. Seerentay......2 161
‘ longifrons (C. Miill.) ©. Bhammiaceas :...-3. cites ett. .dk 359
PRES Bia cena nccbess toes 152 | Rhampus: Linn. | cesta ce eetion. ss. 359
Pterobryopais Fleigeh, ...<....:,..-c......... 152 Gakburious Pew ess. ...5e 3860
clemensiae Broth. ........ 152 | japonicus Maxtm: «................ 360
PeOOAT DUS Tan .. 99 pulogensis Merr. ...... Bs baa 359
BIeOCOl Mere. 220" 100 virgatus Bega ascites. :..ce 360
diadelphus Blanco .......... 103 | Rhaphidophora Hassk. .................-...--. 335
echinatus Pers, ................ 99 | merrillii Bngl. .......... 335
erinaceus F.-Vill. ............ G9 | RhizogoniaceBe . ....-icii.s..is..ccccccteceyecce 149, 313
sue gC ae Er | a Aa en 100.| Rhistgomin Brig... oe 149
frutescens Blanco .......... 105 spiniforme (Linn.)
ingieus Willd, : .........0..... 100 OT UR cen ieee tid eneine 149
klemmei Merr. ................ 99 Rhodobryum (Schimp.) Hamp. .......... 148
patlidus: Blaneo .........::... 100 curranii Broth. .............. 148
papuanus F. Muell ........ 100 giganteum (Hook.)
santalinus Blanco .......... 100 Schimp. 148
vidalianus Rolfe .............. $9 | Rhododendron Linn (yee ite Avieencsess 871
Mo Ga a 5) 52 oldhami Maxim. .......... 871
indicum FF -Vill,, .::....... 52 subsessile Rendle ........ 3871
membranulaceum (Blan- Rhyncholepsis brevicuspis Miq. ........ 424
TORRY CNN. cataducdewsomey eats 52 cumingiana Miq. ........ 423
Pteroloma triquetrum Benth. ........... 86 haenkeana Mig. .........- AAA
Puecinia (?) convolvuli (Pers.) Cast. 168.) Rhynchosia Loar. Seer. ,..cic-.-. 128
heterospora Berk. & Curt. .. 163 calosperma Warb. .......... 128
mesomorpha Syd. et 163 GORSIM OPK DIG. oe erccrenncess 128
purpurea Cooke .................... 163 fridericiana (Weinm.)
NE 5 Ss ciiasi ss ascsomeunsdnce card cboste 122 1b Ue SoS eS ee 128
phaseoloides (Roxb.) Benth. 123 henryi Beemhal, i.c..,..i....:.. 110
tetragona Merr. .................... 122 ci rd 0 TS; ee 115
textilis Laut. & Sch. ......... 123 parbbed bch Wo) 2 Rh. Oa 128
thompsoni Benth. ................ 124 scarabaeoides DC. ............ 128
thunbergiana (S. & 4Z.) | ere) ie i: ee 130
LL eile PSE A ie SPB ee emt 5 128 | VIRCOMR WHER iF occcctdserick kseses 128
Warbureil Perk. .....sc....:..... Loa) RinaresAubl..) ...~.. sae aee ties occ... 201
Pyenospore BR. BY. © -S.........2:....c... ate ha, tak 91 acuminata Merr. 201
hedysaroides R. Br. ........ 91 Robinia grandiflora Linn. _.. 5
ervosa (Grah.) W. & A. 91 RCUM Tal nanh. anh once ees tac coved 104
RL NS ee er 353 ORE Rag Cals Dg ae ae: et ok 73
Pygmaeopremna Merr. ........................ 225 MIMIRINIER ORG, Ses etsrecviee.i<s. 105
humilis Merr. .......... 225 Rosaceae ; 180, 352
glandulosum Merr. ................ oy Me ne a 352
| multiflora Thunb. ...................... 352
Q | Rosellinia procera Syd. ..............0....--- 164
RSI Ea ere ee Eee ee $42.| Rottboellia Linn. f. -.......0.....cccccee00-0-. 326
luzoniensis Merr. .................. 342 | ophiuroides (R. Br,)
woodii Hance .. 342 | Benth hae eee 326
Quirosia anceps Blanco _............ 62 Rubiaceae
secunda Blanco 60 | Rubia Linn.
cordifolia Linn.
R RouBbUn eda: Li.::--.:.-qarevge eeemeeees:.in 352
OS re 245, 389 copsiand! Mert) usacan,.:....... 352
stenophylla Merr. .................. 245 WlHipticus, Sin. ge ee-s.c.............. 352
ticaensis Merr, ......::..65...6:....... 245 elmeri Focke 352
WEIGH! HOOK. 1.. ccna: 3889 fraxinifollus Pears viccsbics~-cee 353
PPM OUULBIOOD. «oie cccce~cdscccdescetetintestecce 347 morafieldli. Midg...).ciioeiees te 353
MNS LUN ID foo cai sence acee less os 348 Jasiocarpus Sii,.:...:maaee 858
philippinensis Merr. & mearnsii Elm. 353
i Sal he ih MONS ree 348 niveus Thunb. [tee 353

+ Te ee fe a ee ees Ne:
INDEX. 573
Page. Page
Rubus pectinellus Maxim. .................. 353 | Schizostachyum curranii Gamble ...... 2tT
rolfel Vidsicicieeees Miiaceacase 353 dielsianum (Pilger)
Roumpia. Nees rete 0 cass sects oases osaas soos 5 388 Ch se ae es 274
parviflora Nees 388 Gurite Wiipr... .2.......:.... 70
FRE CO Mapai criss Res cee rhc can tcsatcasapeccaece 355 hallieri Gamble ........ 274
hirtiflorum Hack. 275
Ss luzonicum Gamble .... oT
RS ee a 195, 359 merrillii Gamble ...... 278
Saccharum Linn. ......:...-..2.cececec-0------ 325 | mucronatum Hack, .. 276
spontaneum subsp. indi- | palawepanse eopnie..: aes
pa eae a 325 €. toppingii Gamble .... 276
ERTS A ay ene 341 SchiotWheienis Pegi cases he haeepn deny i---2- 145, 312
Seoremien Gian, ... 344 wallisii C. Mill. ...... 145, 312
eis 57 ae | Schoentis [elles So eccien nse sec ckec ccc enns 334
DARE ia Brongn... <.z...6.c6-2202.-.----2---.--- 359 | ~
theezans (Linn.) Brongn. -. 359 sgereiss R. :&Be......... eiieg 334
ET oes 247 axillaris (Ragpr): Por, ...... 334
procumbens Linn. ...............-..-- 347 Schotia speciosa Blanco .................... $
ey Pees: 5... ee 228 Schrankia Wig. ogee perowesss-ces:.: 30
secaphiformis Hance ................ 228 aculeata Willd. (heme a 50
Wainbuctie Ligh) 391 quadrivalvis (Linn.)
javanica Blume ..................- 391 I ; MOEE. xnssveentnranseesieensornnenn-
SADINGACERe jc Aeeeactat tenia nsec < 0c 2 2st ees 359 Scirpus Linn. eg s eet
BALCOPY TENS Wee lia gecee caves ves. 0s5--<ccu-22 368 lacustris Linn. =
delicata C. B. Rob. ...... 368 pauciflorus Lightf. ................ 333
Sarcostemma Ry, aT ic ieecncccews-co0e0-20-2 : 379 pulogensis MEIT, ........---.+-+---+- 333
branoniant W. & A. .. 379 Scrophulariac@agi ss saatecterct~c-5ttics.: 229, 384
AarcostanonC en Gee 413 Scutellaria Tae ce. 4-cnce---- bocBthecooteave 381
Banrauia Willd. sca tees... -.:- 361 luzonica Rolfe .................. 381
elegans (Choisy) F.-Vill. .. 361 marivelensis Elm. ............ 381
Saxifragaceae _.....----c-cec-cecceeeeeeeeeee- 177, 351 russeliaefolia Vatke ~....... 381
Scaevola- Lanne. <x meee mies g4g | Sedum Linn. .......-..----.---e1-eeeeeeeeeeeees 351
acuminatissima Merr,. .......... 249 australe Merr. ........-.0..-:.-0 351
micrantha Presl 250 | Selaginellaceae -.........----.-------------ee 324
mindorensis Merr. .......... ~~ 250 Selaginella Linn. 324
pedunculata Merr. ..............-- 251 | Sematophyllaceae 161
pedunculata var. mollis Sematophyllum Mitt. -................----...- 161
Merry, .............° ee 251 alto-pungens (Cc,
sericea Forst. ......:.j.:cs070ee 250 Mill.) Jaeg. .......... 161
Schefflera FOrst., ..c.ccccccececececeseeeceeeee 210, 369 falcifolium Fleisch... 161
blancoi Merr. ...:...ctwus 369, B70 | Senecio Linn. -.....---.---.+---ee-eeeeeeeeeeeeereees 399
brevipes Merr. ..........-...-.- 210 benguetensis Hlm. .................. 396
caudata (Vid.) Merr. & confusus Elm, -........-.-.-.-...-..-- 399
Rolfe ........20..4 eee 369 luzoniensis Merr. 399
leytensis Merr. .................... 211 nemorensis Linn. ...........- 399
luzonensis Merr. ............a.. 869 scandens Ham. ...................... 399
microphylla Merr. .............- 369 | Septogloeum aureum Syd. .................. 166
oblongifolia Merr. .............. 36Q | Serianthes Benth... enn 15
Sehtama Nees: ....<....-...c:.c:.dcn, nee 310 grandiflora (Wall.)
sikkimense Steph. ..............- 310 Benth, .........------.:---26----- 15
wichurae Steph, .......0.......20.-- 310 | Sesban grandiflorus Poir. .................. 75
Schismatoglottis Zoll. & Mor. ............. 335 | Sesbamia Scop. -..........-.------------+-----+--++++ 74
rupestris Zoll. & aculeata F'-Vidl. coccicceecen 74
Mor. ....). 34 335 aculeata var. paludosa
Sohistochila Dum. .....:-..-....--.::eeeeens 811 Baker. -.2..c0RM. jc vetesseakapee 74
sumatrana Steph. ....!....... 311 aegyptiaca F.-Vill. .............. Th
Schistomitrium Doz. & Molk. ............ 142 cannabina Blanco ..........-....- Th
apiculatum Doz & cannabina (Retz.) Pers. .... 74
' Molk.°..2<. ccs eee » 142 cochinchinensis Kurz ........ Th
nieuwenhuisii Fleisch. 142 grandiflora (Linn.) Pers. .. 75
Schisachine Hack. ................................. 332 grandiflora Mig. .................. Th
Schizoloma heterophyllum var. spe- Beiudosa Prait. _.-..-..0.i.02L. Th
pS ee i 284 Biloba WIG: | ciecttoscea eee Th
Schizoneplires G@) DC, ....................2... 462 | roxburghii Merr. © .....i......:. 74
Schizostachyum Nees .......:.........1........ DT Sr SOGAY,. = 5-5 ne scence ccs cscssncagcceese 327
acutiflorum Munro .. 273 flava (Nees) Kunth .............. 327

of Sn eee oe ig er bas ‘ Se ee 7
574 INDEX.
; : Page.
Seynesia scutellum Syd. ............ Luvs! 165 | Stipellaria parviflora Benth. ..............
TIO ee AL, ya Sadiineetetedss-tereat 110, 354 | Stizolobium deeringianum Bort ..........
vestita (Grah.) W.& A... 110, 354 giganteum Spreng. ..........
Sibthorpia evolvulacea Linn. f. ........ 225 imbricatum O. Ktz. ........
Fe RRS RR et eNO Gay 07 a 361 DEUTI OTM OPM parece ssn ceseee
hirta Lam, 197 | Strobilanthes Blume ....:.......................
PRGURUMOMA LANE, scsi oss. cc.- 5... 861 pluriformis C. B. Clarke
Gemeesbeckie Bilnn. * ..4..co icc. s.. ences 807 | Strongylodon Vom. o2ce. sister ecss seeks
orientalis: Linn. .....-...: 397 caeruleus Merr. ............
i 5, ea ee Oe a a ae 38 crassifolius Perk. ..........
supa Merr. 38 CLM OFT ORs: 6 iecses ha ccnccont
Maio P Vill. Sa kuehe i 388 lucidus (Forst.) Seem.
Skimmia Thunb. 355 macrobotrys A. Gray ....
Japonica. Thunb. -......c.d..0. 855 | pulcher C. B. Rob. ........
Smilax Linn. Tuber: "Woes. bees. cose
Jr y SEk T Fs age eile Sala, oa | warburgli Perk. ............
Ct ieee Eee es ee or 339 | zschokkei Blm. ..:...........
Deepen Mert. «oe... ds. 839 | Swertia Dilane 235.2. ei ee
verruculosa Merr. 173 | decutrens 0B: Rabe...
williamsii Merr. .................... 178 | Symbiepharis Monte 7. 3o..5..ses.sc...
EES AS SR ate at, See Ey a 76 reinwardtii (Doz. &
\ bigeminata Blanco 7% Molk.) Bryol, Jay. ..
ciliata Royle ................ 77 | Symphysodon Fleisch. ........................--
serisitiva Ait. ... 76 subneckeroides Broth. ..
RNR Acai cc ht seer tic adesoiececovustiikes B88. | SYMplocacene -..... is scecepenetissswonss soo
PIT NTE. Fos oc sc: ccecudipe ssa eos woctles 383 | Symplocos Linn. ......... .
biflorum Lour. < 384 depauperata Merr, ..
inequilaterale Merr. ............ 383 | imbricata Brand ......
Pret Lilies, es eco cathe 883 whitfordiirsrand .........:..2..
retrorsum Elm. .................... 383 | Synchytrium aecidioides (Peck) Lagh.
schizocalyx Merr. ................ 388 | Syrrhopodontaceae ................0--0...-...--
verbascifollum Linn. .......... 383 | Syrrhopodon Schwaegr. ......................
(PS a IR a eee a & 393 eurranii Broth. ..............
pends. LADN, .. cc cdc ke 893
Sonchus Linn. ........ 401 ; T
MPURMED. LAIR, | wives shaslbussanenccode SOL | TiletneJusd | .\eee. aaatieteee.. ..!
Sophora Linn. sae 58 villariana Rolfe ............-..--
heptaphylla Blanco .............. OS '| Taebarindus TAnn. ...c.ccchditsiticcessiecese
tomentosa Linn.. <.2...20cisccccns:.- 58 tndica “EAGns Gat ickS cst
Sopubia Ham. Sob ene * ¢, 5 ....,;..-custmrabtebesdbavase et laces
Uy REMBII oy cxlstescuhosAoeesvasent 385 | Taxithelium Spruce ..........ccccccccceeeceeeee
PPGRUOIODUS TIAA. 05. :f0scds cai... . sees 119 papillatum (Harv.)
gyrocarpus (Wall.) TSPOCI L xcsesberetnadis +0008
Benth. 119 spurio-subtile Broth. ....
PET TR ONUB.. ce <snccuiscaieeephetetettcnccthiacdes- 164 | Taare agin: 4... ...<cecdit.hedpeaeberctiv sevice
Sphaeridiophorum linifolium Desy. .. 65 baccata subsp. wallichiana
TREMOLO, 5 on neveicechuasiuncrduccessenee 137, 311 Caace,): Pile: wiccitenuel......
Sphagnum (Dill.) Bhrh. ................ 187, Sanka |: eee Doitin. fh. .....scdeesscknteebeteetao.-.ck vas
junghuhnianum Doz, €& ‘hamiltoniana Wall. ................
PUES sdcdknwwsavewaiieaee cove 137, 311 philippinensis Benth. &
IP UIE UME RULTIIN «a. ccdoeccseccccvvssussetestacdenta 898 | Hook: f. apis east eden catek
grandiflora Turcz. ............ SOS | Tepmpela Pore: ...<siddscsbecuveethvessecct.
SPP UNIOTIUMOORG on... cose rece ceccteicedascslecntvouee 151 | dichotome ‘Desy.°:...........2:...
SE oA a cen ae it aa 151) luzoniensis Vog,. ...........-.-----
reinwardtii Nees .................. 151 | obovata Merr. ...........
SUEMOLMN E03. EDs, -vcivoteslancetdscsacvensvas 171, 828 | piscatoria A. Gray ............
indicus (Linn.) R. Br. .... 328 purpurea (Linn.) Pers. ....
virginicus (Linn.) Kunth. 171. ‘Vostita VOgs cuttemcstisseccs:
EST eat ee es SPE eh, So ee $59; Terpkiinus Sw.. ......<ccgscsccotesieessccss-----0
Stereodon (Brid.) Mitt. 2.000000... 159 labialis (Linn. f.) Spreng.
deflexifolius (Mitt.) labialis var. mollis
Co ryec dsenaiecevascbaa}ci Shoes : 159 (Benth.) Baker ..............
Mtereophyilum Mitt... ............2..scs eens 166'| Terminalia Linn. ..._.......csnGRnaieees
anceps (Bryol. Jav.) darlingii Merr, ............. Batt
Broth, ;:...-: Aele ee eT k 156 | Tetragonolobus simplicifolius Blanco..

_

philippinensis Rolfe ~.........

INDEX. 575

Page. Page.

Tetrastigma Planch, § ...........2..2...-------- 360 | Unciniariparia R. Br, -........c..-eeeeee- 334
angustifollum (Roxb.) rupestris var. capillacea

WORMUINGL 5 ois Sanudtaaannwias-aie-< a2 360 WE ileeyy tess. eactces. hc meee aks 834

TIEACCAC --nereeeeaeeeeeeeseneeseestettteceenee cents 361 | Urandra Thwaites .......2......ccecesceseceeeee: 194

Themeda Forsk. ...........--------0-------000---+ 326 eliiptica, Merr. 2:25.5000.5.-s: 195

gigantea var. genuina Hack. 326 hallieri Merr. ..... 194

ey at | ee 32 Uraria Denver 93

TRUM ery Ol, “DUI <..0.-...2-5--.---.. 157, 315 lagopodioides (Linn.) Don.... 93

casuarinum (C. Miill.) lagopoides DQ. .......00....ce0020---- 93

JACK. -22--.e-sennsseneenrneeenee 158, 315 picta (Jacq.) Desv. .......0------- 93

meyenianum (Hamp.) Bryol. Uredines®. -s...c.seeek es. ee. 163

FAV. creeesereeseceeeseneeeneeesecece 157 Uredo castaneae P, Henn. .................- 164

plumulosum (Doz. & Molk.) -kuehnii (Krueg.) Wakk. &

ORO 1d ON c} comngh coreene’s oitonnes 158 Wants ieee eee 164
Thymelaeaceae .............- setseeeeteeaeeeeeerees 366 | manilensig Syd, ccc. ce.0.0--0-----.-- 164
an, anemia i Urera baccifera (Linn.) Gaudich. .... 475

RN Weight tat ting. gaudichaudiana Wedd. ............ 481

macrophylla Merr. .............. 246 | ‘
Touchiroa bantamensis Hassk. ....... 39 Uromyces hewittiae Syd. ...................-- 163
Fi | mucuna@ Rabin.) .n....2.... 164
Tournefortia Linn. . 379 | 7

horsfieldii Mig. .............. 379 | UTophyllum Wall. _ ......-..-scssessosssesses-0 247
Tovomita pentapetala Blanco .......... 199 elliptifolium Merr. a7
Trachyloma Brid. -...ccc.ccssssceseee-e---- 152, 314 negrosense Merr. ............ 247

tahitense Besch. ........ 152, 314 | Urticacene -.....-.-n-sssr--crnsssnveennss secverie SEK, £65
Trachypodopsis Fleisch. .......2.2020-.0---- 154 | Urtica Linn. ..................- wesbareeeessuees 344, 474

crispatula (Hook.) arborescenps Link ..................-. 475
Wislnghee ie 154 baccifera Blanco
Trachypus Reinw., Fleisch. ................ 154 bullata Blume ....................
subbicolor C. Miill. ........ 154 | capitata Blanco
meomatodon Michx; -..1..gienest 2... 137 | elongata Link .........-...........-

acutus C, Mill. .............. 187 | ferox Blanco .....-.--.-..-00-.---+

drepanellus Besch. ........ 137 grandidentata Miq. 474
Prichomanes -Lint: si 2465.4 .........." 815 Parse TB. .....-......c.ccscncacss 475
Trichosporum Don. ............-- Shanes. 386 interrupta Linn. -....................- 476

nervosum Elm. ........ acs! japonica Blanco ........ £5 476
philippinense (Clarke) manillensis Walp. ATS
QO. Ktz. ...... eee 386 melastomoides Poir. 490
Trichosteleum (Mitt.) Jaeg. 2... 161 ep disagree ea eave sacmanuie a ewes
boschii (Doz. & Molk.) Mivea Linn. -....-.--.--.e-eeeeeeeeeeees 475
JOOS. ccc ee 161 PUMSY ALIS “FOOL GL. cectesaniaedeesssace 476
cylindricum (Reinw. & sensilifiiora. ‘Blancg,, iA: 6 5.i15- 475, 476
Hornsch.) Broth. .... 161 sessilifolia Blanco .................- 476
hamatum (Doz. & umbellata Blanco .............- 4 481
Molk.) Jaeg. ............ 161 Willotey TUCO os aiscccein...5:--5---0- 475
Trifolium Linn. .................... ; Pome | Ustilagineae -.--.c i... sssees- ns. --2..-nse----s 163
hybridum Linn. 64 | Ustilago tonglinensis Tracy & Earle 163
incarnatum Linn. .............. 64
pratense Linn, .......-....---.... 65 Y
repens Linn. ............. Fee 65 gan ;
Triopteris jamaicensis Blanco 191 peecnatee Tenn. yA a a ee a his
Trismegistia (C. Miill.) Broth. .......... 159 DP en nee ie: br Ge
korthalsii (C. Miill.) ... 159 MOORE ATOR RO | Vac eres ats
lancifolia (C. Miill.) ce id SE tm ne vbis
Broth... ee 159 ITE. 28 Soca conte etyanbeseknettamiiy ind 164
MatiintettaTinn:. ........ ete ee 360 | Valsella pinangae Syd. .................------ 164
mlloda Roth «....:....2cc:ce000t EG ES 2 “ 385
MERI SEIU. 13-5.0502<.-.-2-0.04-.-002-Aaeqencrsee 359 crustacea (Linn.) Benth. .. 385
} pomifera (Roxb.) DC. ........ Oly VOPDORGCOAG- © <...-...........--0-.--ccecececeeene
OTE 9 oa 379 | Vernonia Schreb.
' morophila. Merr, ..,..........c0s 253
‘ u mrporad Merr. | <....:.-<-...siag- 253
Ulmaceae pe 174 elmeri Merr, ......---.-----:-000--++ 252
Umbelliferae 870 lancifolia Merr. ....... 1 canons 253
Uncini a Peraiere preterit ders, ink cadecs ence... 334 393

oo n ok re a bat rad ney ai rk sh mn pis Yat ae
576 INDEX.
Page. Ww
1) 6 111: Res eae oe ds eae 385
monantha Merr, .................. 885 | Wahlentergia Schrad. ........................
BRNUPIMMLON Do et. uc... 891 bivalvis Merr, ............
erosum Thunb. .................- 391 gracilis DC. ...............-
luzonicum Rolfe ................ . 391 | Wallaceodendron Koord. ....................
odoratissimum Ker .......... 391 | eal celebicum Koord.
ONSET: Aiea nes alee 188 |store
en ine Cie. 133 flavipes Hook. f. & Wils. ......
lutea (Sw.) A. Gray .............. 133 Wendlandia Fagan gees et ee
luteola Merr. $88 tie She = «eg: gangs: agenmaetyine :
luteola (Jacq.) Benth. ............ 134 wooteeees : er ee: <a
pilosa (Roxb.) Baker ............ A ae Pe ges eae. tren
repens (Grah.) Baker ............ mM) “~ — ak ihel.
repens (Linn.) O. Ktz. .......... 134 oT
retusa Walp. 188 x
sinensis (Linn.) Endl. ............ 133 | Xylariaceae x
Wekilinta’: RiAGhs chases calle 134 | Xylaria gracilenta Syd. ...............c00..
POET EL OLS doses. si ies in asdivtessense 248 obtusissima (Berk.) Sacc.
acutifolia (Elm.) Merr. 248 tuberosa (Pers.) Cooke ......
Diet anuie =) nn ie el pe i ee 200, 364 | Xylia dolabriformis Vid. ....................
NS Ee RTO 200, 864 | Br rtmones - paren tetanic
diffusa Ging 201.| Xyris Linn. ay
Mearmsii Merv. ...............--ce0-0---- 201 anceps Lam. ............ Bpbtreroescreeeene
patrintl: - Gine 9c eet ecko 200 Z
serpens Wall, 364 Sos
pthalmum giganteum Prain ........
oe ek Hie | ek ae 2 eae eee 364 an
gzricans Prain ..:.......
NON INE fsccscetinecaieh nbece cleus Baek +06; 360 ornia Gel: sce ee ne eccele
Vitex Linn. EAA ve Dee raslpicatibeliceckern Cease 227 diphylla (Linn.) Pers. ..........
longifolia WOME. cit, ecsia eta: 827 pM Wah cut nie Mee ge ls! re
Vittaria longicoma Christ ................ 285 Pulte le rere ose¥e vias. soc cad
5
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*

ASS : Order No. 401,
ie | THE BONTOC IGOROT.

By A. E. JENKs.
110 pages. 3 maps. 154 photographic plates. 9 figures.

An interesting study; the result of almost a year’s residence among
the Bontoc Igorots.

Price $1 United States currency, postpaid.

aes
*

oe x NEGRITOS OF ZAMBALES.

Order No, 402,

BREN Gy By Win11am ALLAN Rep.

ee 62 photographic illustrations. 91 pages.
pie Vonantie , An interesting ethnological study of Las pygmy blacks of Zambales.
aekke g6 a3 Price ms, United States currency, postpaid.

Order No. 403,
THE NABALOI DIALECT.

By Orro ScHEERER.
PB TOGETHER WITH
THE BATAKS OF PALAWAN.
By Epwarp Y. MILLeEr.
199 pages. 1 map. 28 full-page photographic plates. 6 figures.

5 at eae The result of research work among this interesting tribe of primitive
. . . people.

Price $0.25, United States currency, paper, postpaid.

NOTE,

. Orders should be sent to the Business Manager, Philippine Journal of Science, Manila,
or to any of the below-listed agents. Please give Order Number.

FOREIGN AGENTS.

The Macmillan Company, 64-66 Fifth Avenue, New York pate ow. 8) A.

Messrs. Wm. Wesley & Son, 28 Essex Street, Strand, London, W. C., England.
Mr. Martinus Nijhew, Nobeistraat 18, The Hague, Holland.

Messrs. Mayer & Muller, Prinz Louis Ferdinandstrasse 2, Berlin, N. W., Germany.
Messrs. are & Walsh, Limited, 32 Raffles Place, Singapore, Straits Settlements.
Messrs. A. M. & J. Ferguson, 19 Baillie Street, Colombo, Ceylon.

CIRCULARS AND DESCRIPTIVE MATTER SENT ON APPLICATION,

i
‘
5
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,
,

Beginning with Volume V, a new section, ‘Section D, Ethnology, Anthropology, and Gen-
eral Biology,” will be added to the Journal. The price for the whole series to subscribers for
1g1o will be as heretofore, $5 United States currency. Single subscriptions to Section D will
be $2 United States currency. :

Beginning with xorz, the price of the entire Journal will be increased to $7 United States
currency. Section D will appear as often as material is available,

| CONTENTS.

ROBINSON, C. B. Philippine Urticaceae ---.-_.----- 465
REVIEWS --_--.--+------- ------------ -------+-------- 545
PRI ey fs Se ae 549

SARE ORES a SE gee nema Cs a 551

=

The “Philippine Journal of Science” is issued as follows:

Section A, Chemical and Geological Sciences and the Industries, $2 United States
currency per year.

Section B, Medical Sciences, $8 United States currency per year.

Section C, Botany, $2 United States currency per year. '

Section D, Ethnology, Anthropology, and General Biology, $2 United States our-
renoy per year.

The entire ‘Journal,’ $5 United States currency for Volumes II, IIT, IV,and V. There-
after, $7 United States currency per year.

Authors receive 100 copies of their papers free. ‘

Subscriptions should be sent to the Business Manager, Philippine Journal of Science,

Bureau of Science, Manila, P. I., or to any of the agents listed below. Please give order

number.
FOREIGN AGENTS.

The Macmillan Company, 64-66 Fifth Avenue, New York City, U. 8. A.

Messrs. Wm. Wesley & Son, 28 Essex Street, Strand, London, W. C., England.

Mr. Martinus Nijhoff, Nobelstraat 18, The Hague, Holland.

Messrs. Mayer & Muller, Prinz Louis Ferdinandstrasse 2, Berlin, N. W., Germany. —
Messrs. Kelley & Walsh, Limited, 32 Raffles Place, Singapore, Straits Settlements.
Messrs. A. M. & J. Ferguson, 19 Baillie Street, Colombo, Ceylon.

A limited number of unbound copies of previous volumes are
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Philippine Journal of Science, Manila, P. I., at the following
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