ca ADDISONIA | COLORED ILLUSTRATIONS POPULAR DESCRIPTIONS PLANTS VOLUME 12 1927 PUBLISHED BY THE NEW YORK BOTANICAL. GARDEN (ADDISON BROWN FUND) SEP 21 1928 : AAAAAA ‘\ ~ ( 2 “i - Ml SAAD EN Liab —— RARE BOOKS > f ‘ / THE SCIENCE PRESS PRINTING COMPANY LANCASTER, PA. CONTENTS Part 1 MARCH 31, 1927 PLATE PAGE Sek. Ake VERIOUIE vw id See Kees eek eae bk sweeten cey ree | Bete ie F OATS 6465 oie ow ees re ee ee wae vee 3 SOT AEs CC sis ew he ee Ven th eee ee iv a ee Ae COV a re Fee Ke ees CET RIN RS 7 ee ES Ts eo ew ea te hs ewe een 9 Seah GLEE TPC IOARS -o.0y cin cee We eA ORR a ee 11 ky. SET CALCUL oleracea ed WEG Ol oo eRe Ra 13 es, CRE CROC: is 5s Sis evs le Uk OO eee a Oe en a3 Part 2 JUNE 30, 1927 BOS ei PE ORR 5 og Ses 6 CATH Sk SOM ee de SOR Ce OER 17 394 ee ee, Cree oo oe ce oi Naw OES pbs 19 ere «= PIAEIINE THERIOOD 5S 50 wis hy 54S Se he ere os wea x Glew oy ie ks 21 396 Angelonia eiadette en et ren sdb ees Chee aes 23 re Rr Peas a co sas a ee ee Oe TL 23 re... WAeet th CREMONA 04 ek Se wae wad eal We eka ae ee 27 BO. CGS ROTOR 5 5 5 5c a nd ea WOR eae eee 29 SO) ar IDNR cay gran yan wea tee eee. Cee eee 31 Part 3 OCTOBER 28, 1927 Stahiia monosperma... i cei ceatewe RAVE We eke ee ewes o's 33 WekOG ordi ATeeaeNi oy oc hin Fe wee ee wo oe ee 35 Niobe peregrina 5. .4.0255 saa eee « Se ee pan Pa ee SES 37 Erythrina Corallodendrum ........... pueate hae camer ees 39 Chamaefistula antillana........... FE Se POP ee 41 Saoittasin leaner ccc ca ac oe 40 ose ek earee nee seeks 43 CSeaa KLE; SEGRESCLEG ck reine hae os es PEGE cas eee OE us 45 Agalinin Solieicvilatess-o5 Gawd Cie ae ee eee eee keer ees 47 AMDDISONIA Part 4 DECEMBER 31, 1927 "Tchatis os SEEN 5. oso oes. a a oe oo ee ee ee 49 iyitid: UES os Ph ss oe eee a ee eee a Si Gaultheria procumbens.....:....... ee roe a ee 53 Jasminum humile............ ee CLE ae ken KOSS yaa ae $8 Malis -mriCromtalts—. song se i ss Csaee nu, cee as & wate or Ripealis Neyes-Arinoniit 3.3... Sens cacclewcs cess wearer Bis isccryrir it Wy q7t)aci 2) (::): noe aeeRen IES Aeectne NRG Gplste earn 61 Mores: iridiGides 3. Sos es Sie oe ee a Park's wins fires 63 THEE Sees ss Eee egir erties keene 65 PLATE 385 IRIS VINICOLOR ADDISONIA AYDISONIA 1 (Plate 385) IRIS VINICOLOR Wine-colored Flag Native of the Mississippi Delta Family IRIDACEAE Ir1s Family Iris vinicolor Small, sp. nov. Peninsulas, river-deltas, and mountain peaks are likely places for especially interesting plants. We now know the iris-flora of penin- sular Florida fairly well. The opposite may be said of that of the Mississippi River delta. While making a crossing of this delta about the latitude of New Orleans, in the spring of 1925, we fortunately happened there at the time the native iris was in flower. Having studied the Florida iris in the field for several years, we at once noticed the difference in the species. One of the fundamental rea- sons for the differences is that the Florida plants grow in a soil with silicious sand as a basis, while the Louisiana ones inhabit a sticky marl. This wine-colored flag was discovered early one April morning in 1925, while driving from the crossing of Lake Pontchartrain to New Orleans, by Edgar T.. Wherry and the writer, a few miles south of the original station of Saba/l Deeringiana. The ancestral history of this vinaceous flag is as obscure as that of its geographical associate, the red-flag. At any rate, its ances- tors must have had a refuge in the ancient highlands whence they passed into the Coastal Plain. The possibilities within those ances- tors conspired through the ages to produce a flower in color quite distinctive from any other of our flags, as is conspicuously evidenced by the accompanying plate. This illustration was made from a plant from the original collection, which survived the winter of 1925-26 in the iris plantation at the Garden. ‘The type specimen is in the herbarium of the New York Botanical Garden. Eastern Louisiana was visited again in the spring of 1926 for observing and collecting living material of /yis. Numerous colonies were found in the low country south of Lake Pontchartrain and in the higher country about Abita Springs. Although we know but little about the flags of the lower Mississippi Valley, we doubt if this species ranges very far inland. The flowers of the blue types are beautiful, those of /ris fulva are odd; those of /ris vinicolor are exquisite. 2 ADDISONIA The golden-yellow stripe in the vinaceous-purple sepal lights up the flower in a striking way, especially when seen in the half-shade of the swamps of its native haunts. It also flourishes in the open. Several hundred flower-stems frequently comprise the colonies in favorable situations. ‘The swamp, not the stream-bank, is the home of this flag. The flower-stems hold the pods erect as they are ma- turing, but the full-grown pods lie on the ground until the corky seeds fall out and are scattered by rains or floods. The wine-colored flag has a rather slender but fleshy rootstock. The leaves are aa mostly three or four together, one to three feet long. The blades are narrowly linear-attenuate, pliable, bright green. ‘The lower stalk is rather slender, mostly ‘taller than the leaves, often with one or two short branches. The flowers are solitary or two gent at the top of the ee The involucre con- sists of two main bracts, the longer one attenuate and Pecsediig the flower. ‘The pedicel is shorter than the ovary. ‘The hypanthium covering the ovary is six-angled, green. The perianth- a is cyl- indric, nearly as long as the ovary in anthesis. ‘The three sepals are remate, two and a half to three inches long, spreading and some- what r ecurved, vinaceous purple within and without, ee but obscurely veined with darker forking lines, with the crest of the claw extending up into the base and there ‘golden- -yellow or more yellow than in the claw and with more or less purple-black about << tip of the crest and a line of purple-black running up into the suite of the blade. The claw is shorter than the blade, yellow- green, veined and flecked with red-purple. The three petals are pe shorter than the sepals, spreading, spatulate, mainly aeons purple, paler without than within. The blade is deep vi- eous purple within, with a few forking darker lines. ‘The claw is seamceaamen yellow striate—pale and dark—and a greenish or darker rag runs to the tip of the blade. The three stamens are _ cag to nch and an eighth long. ‘The filaments are green, ept the palloaick base. ‘The anthers are ee longer tien the fil- aments, slightly levees es the apex. The style-branches are an inch to an inch and a quarter ary linear- elliptic, or slightly broad- ened upward, concave, green and purple-tinged without, reddish purple except the pale margins, and with a sharp median ridge wi e style-appendages are erect and somewhat recurv nearly ¢ or quitea half inch ae half-deltoid or half-ovate, acute, finely erose- -toothed, vinaceous purple. he stigma is two-lobed. he capsule is ellipsoid to ellipsoid- -obovoid, two to three inches long, drooping, bright green, six-angled, the angles sharp, the walls rather thick. _ The seeds are borne in one row in some of the cap- sule-cavities, in two rows in others, thus they are either circular or half-circular, eal very corky and roughened. Joun K. SMALL. EXPLANATION OF PLATE. Fig. 1.—Inflorescence and foliage. Fig. 2.—Sepal. Fig. 3.—Petal. Fig. 4.—Capsule. Figs. 5, 6.—Seeds sco a PLATE 386 IRIS PSEUDACORUS ADDISONIA ee ee i RTT Tee » ie Se eS * sae TS ee iailidl ADDISONIA 3 (Plate 386) IRIS PSEUDACORUS Yellow-flag Native of Europe, adjacent Asia, and Africa Family IRIDACEAE Ir1s Family Tris Pseudacorus I,. Sp. Pl. 38. Tris lutea Lam. Fl. Fr. 3: 496. 8. Lris palustris Moench, Meth. 528. 1794, The great majority of our wild flags are natives. In this group of plants immigrants are few. Only three species have been re- corded for North America, two from Europe, /7is germanica, and I. Pseudacorus—here illustrated—and one from Asia, /. orientalis. The subject of this note also grows naturally in western Asia and northern Africa. ‘These three species, all with vigorous rootstocks, which are extensively cultivated as ornamentals, are likely to sur- vive, take hold, and permanently establish themselves when and where, as surplus plants, they may be thrown out of gardens or left on abandoned homesteads. The numerous seeds produced will also help further to disseminate the plants thus established. That this flag, naturally accustomed to wet habitats, thrives almost equally well in dry gardens, was noted long ago, for the herbalist Gerard, in the sixteenth century, records that ‘‘although it be a water plant of nature, yet being planted in gardens it prospereth well.’’ There is evidence that this plant, so widespread, found its way into the domestic economy of our rather recent semi-barbaric an- cestors. Moreover, early in the past century it was recorded that: “The juice of the fresh root is excessively acrid, and has been found to act as an aperient, . . The fresh roots have been mixed with the food of swine tieien by a mad dog, and they escaped the disease, when others bitten by the same dog died raving mad. The root loses most of its acrimony by drying the roots are used to dye black; and in Jura they are hailed with cop- peras tomakeink. A slice of the fresh root held between the teeth removes some kinds of tooth-ache.”’ ‘The leaves are used as fodder and the brown seeds furnish a coffee- substitute. When mixed with our native cat-tails, bur-reeds, and sedges, it adds much to the attractiveness of the natural plant asso- ciation. ‘The flags of eastern North America lack yellow. Hence 4 ADDISONIA a plant exhibiting the shades of yellow possessed by this iris is a welcome addition to our flora. It is now established in the Atlantic States north of Florida. The specimens from which the illustration was made were found in the swamps of the excavation for the one time proposed Jerome Park Reservoir, Borough of the Bronx, New York City. The yellow flag has a stout extensively spreading rootstock. The leaves are erect but more or less arching and nodding at the tip, oe bright glossy green, mostly three quarters of an ch wid The flower-stalk is two to three feet tall, rather stout, ee usually with one or two relatively short leaves or leaf-like bracts. ‘The flowers are solitary or two together terminating the flower-stalk, and often in the axil of the upper leaf. The involucre subtending the flower has two main bracts neither of which exceeds the flower. ‘The pedicel is about as long as the hypanthium at an- thesis, not exserted beyond the involucre. The hypanthium sur- rounding the ovary is bluntly three-angled, green. The perianth- tube is epindticaemmpanalate about half as long astheovary. Th three sepals are two to three inches long, arching. ‘The blade is suborbicular, oval or ovate, yellow, faintly striate, with lines and flecks of brown at the base, or the brown sometimes exaggerated into a blotch. The claw is broad, but with involute edges, much shorter than the blade, yellow and streaked and flecked with erie The three petals are yellow, often pale, three quarters of an inch to fully an inch long, coped = linear-pandurate, obtuse. The three stamens are an inch to nch and a quarter long. The filaments are white or nearly so. “Th he anthers ae pale yellow, shorter than the filaments. The three style-branches are about one and a half pees long, narrowly cuneate, but relatively broad, yellow, paler ear the base than above. ‘The style-appendages are obliquely ovate oe r achicha triangular, more or less recurved, irregularly toothed and sometimes slightly incised. "The stigma isentire. ‘The capsule is cylindric-prismatic or somewhat ellipsoid, two to three tities long, bright green, often shining, turgid, blunt tly three-angled, longer than the pedicel. The seeds, in one row in each capsule- cavity, are suborbicular or ieamiat angular from pressure, ea about a quarter of an inch in diameter or slightly longer. Joun K. SMALL. ATION OF PLATE, Fig. 1.—Inflorescence and foliage. Fig, 2.—Sepal. Fig. EXPLANAT: al. = Rae eer oa 4,—Capsule, green and unopened. Fig. 5.—Capsule, dry cat open. ig. 6 ee ee a PN ee eee ee ey ae RE ere TERE PC re te OR ES ee ee ORE LE ae ae eee el ey PLATE 387 IRIS TRIPETALA ADDISONIA SS? i ER? ADDISONIA 5 (Plate 387) IRIS TRIPETALA Bay Blue-flag Native of the southeastern United States Family IRIDACEAE Iris Family tris iripetala Walter, F1. Car. 66. 1788. tris iridentata Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. 30. 1814. The environs of the second botanic garden in America contained four species of the genus /rvis. At that time, in the early ’80s of the eighteenth century, one of these, the violet-iris (/ris verna) had been seen and described by Linnaeus. ‘This species, a small plant, represented one group of the genus /r7s. The other three species, larger plants, and all unnamed at that time, each represented a different group. ‘Thomas Walter named two of these, /ris hexagona and the subject of this note. The third fe cic he erroneously referred toa more northern one. i This blue-flag still stands alone in its group. Its most prominent character is the relative size of the calyx and the corolla. The petals are very small. It was this character that suggested the spe- cific name to Walter. However, he considered, perhaps inadver- tently, the whole perianth to be the corolla and named it with ref- erence to the three large sepals which are so prominent compared with the minute petals of the true corolla. Its coarse-wiry root- stock also distinguishes it from all our southern blue-flags. In its involucre and three-angled pod it is related to the /ris versicolor group. The modern evidence indicates that the ancestors of this blue-flag advanced from the ancient interior highlands, as the Coastal Plain rose from the sea, along the tributaries of both the Atlantic Ocean to the eastward and the Gulf of Mexico to the southward. How- ever, it, in the lapse of time, not only burned its bridges behind it as it advanced, but even left the immediate vicinity of creeks and river-banks and betook itself to low places in flatwoods, in the vi- cinity of ponds and ditches where water stands part of the year and at other times remains close to the surface. In migrating, the an- cestors of the present plants, passing into the Atlantic Coastal Plain, developed somewhat different offspring from those going to the Gulf The form here illustrated may be considered the bo- tanically typical one, for it came from the region of Walter’s South Carolina botanical activities. 6 ADDISONIA This iris there favors low meadow-like areas adjoining ‘“bays,’’ as pine-barren ponds are there termed; the iris plants occur in great masses in the black boggy soil that surrounds the “‘bays,’’ with such plants as yellow-flycatchers (Sarracenia), spider-lilies” (Ay- menocallis), and other southern bog plants. The shading of violet and yellow on the sepals gives the flower a very soft tone quite different from that of any of our other species. The bay-flag has a long coarse-wiry zigzag or spiral, sometimes partly fibrous aeons rootstock. The leaves are usually three to five together, erect, grass-like. The blades are narrowly linear- attenuate, gancgae, especially near the base, at least when young, nely ri ; e flower-stalk is mostly one to one and a half feet tall, slender, spiced zigzag. ‘The flower is solitary at the top of the stem, or sometimes an additional one is borne on a branch from the up per node of the stem, erect, somewhat fragrant. The involucre Bae Ra the flower is narrowly cylindric, two to two and a half inches long, of two main bracts, the inner one about twice as long Pe the outer or less, acute or mucronate. ‘The pedicel is one and a uarter to one and ‘three quarters inches long, about as long as the hypenthitan plus the perianth-tube. The hypanthium surrounding the ovary is bluntly three- angled, green, gers shorter than the pedicel. The perianth-tube is obscurely three-angled, slightly dilated upward, raise as long asthe hypanthium. ‘The three sepals are arching and drooping, remate, two to three inches long, crest- less. ‘The blade is suborbicular or oval, longer than the claw, violet, varying from pale to dark, paler without than within, except the yellow spot at the base and the white flecks that run off from the yellow. The claw is about one third of an inch wide, greenish within and bordered with violet, flecked or lined all over with violet, without the green is flecked only along the violet edges. The three petals are erect, inconspicuous, about a half inch long, Ste ea late or oblanceolate, the body contracted into a slender tip, green- ish at the base, violet above, with several deeper-colored lines. The ens are an inch and a qu awe to nearly an inch and a half long, with the Eiaaent and the anther about equal in length. The filament is green at the base, violet where it meets the violet-tinged anther. The three style-branches are broadly linear, about an inch and a quarter long, violet, slightly paler at the edges than at the middle. Thestigmaisentire. Thestyle-appendages are semi-ellip- tic, curled upward, shallowly toothed above the middle, much over- lapping, deep violet. The capsule is ellipsoid, an inch and a quarter to an inch anda half long, bluntly three-angled or three-sided, with a ridge on each face, shorter than the pedicel. The seeds, borne in o rows in each capsule-cavity, are somewhat sheen de semicircular or lunate, about a quarter of an inch in diam icon K. SMALL. EXPLANATION OF PLATE. Fig. 1.—Inflorescence and foliage. Fig. 2.—Sepal. Fig. 3.—Petal. Fig. 4.—Capsule. Fig. 5.—Seed. = = » Al id a ‘ re ty Zz ee — iy | Se ae ge re SRS oe ee MAL ere eee ps Tea Ei ~~ ea satay 96 Pn ee: are a Ae ’ ek aS ee ee ee ee PLATE 388 ADDISONIA IRIS FULVA > SRE ES ADDISONIA 7 (Plate 388) IRIS FULVA Red-flag Native of the southcentral United States Family IRIDACRAE Irts Family re Julva Ker, Bot. Mag. y li 1496. 1812. tris cuprea Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. 30. 1814. If more than one species once existed in the group which the red- flag typifies today, they have become extinct, unless additional ones exist in still unexplored nooks and corners in the Gulf States and contiguous territory. It seems that the red-flag was discovered and collected indepen- dently along the lower Mississippi River twice shortly after the be- ginning of the last century, and also named and published indepen- dently twice about two years apart, as recorded above. The follow- ing note appeared with the first published account: n unrecorded and singular species, differing from any known to us in color and inflection of the corolla. Found spontaneous on the banks of the Mississippi, in low grounds not far from the town of New Orleans. Introduced into this country [England] in 1811, by Mr. Lyon, a very intelligent and industrious collector of North American plants. Hardy. Blossoms in dope Seeds freely, and is easily propagated by dividing the rootstoc Two years later the following note Gilet with the second publication of the species: “‘On the banks of the Mississippi near New Orleans; discovered by Mr. Enslen, Collector to the Prince Lichtenstein of Austria.’’ ‘The original localities have doubtless been destroyed by the ex- tensive engineering work along the lower Mississippi, but, for- tunately, the species has a fairly wide geographic distribution. It extends from the Coastal Plain of the lower Mississippi Valley into the adjacent provinces. In mid-spring it is still a gorgeous sight in the vicinity of the city of New Orleans, especially toward Lake Pontchartrain, growing in large and small colonies according to the proper relation of the water-table to the habitat. The colonies oc- cupying spots with the best-suited amount of water flower profusely. Sometimes in marshy places it occurs in pure growths, and here it shows tp to the best advantage; sometimes it grows in thickets or 8 ADDISONIA in company with spiderlilies (ymenocallis) whose immaculate flowers emphasize the red of the flag. En masse, the flowers of the typical form of the species, as here represented, make a blaze of color, for they are elevated above the foliage and are not intimately associated with other plants. Occa- sionally, in the Mississippi Delta, there are colonies with flowers somewhat off color. These, without doubt, are of hybrid origin. The ancestry of the red-flag is obscure. ‘The present plant scarcely could have originated in the rather recently formed Mis- sissippi River Coastal Plain. So, we may assume that the ancestors migrated from the ancient highlands, and as the migration was in progress, for some reason or reasons, became extinct as the van- guard advanced. The red-flag has a neil widely spreading rootstock with scars or fibers of decayed leaves. ‘The leaves are erect, usually two or three — The ‘sie are cant aaa rather narrowly green gins. rhe flower-stalk is erect, eater slender, often overtopping the leaves, slightly zigzag. ‘The flowers are solitary or paired at the top of the stem and often in the axils of one or two stem-leaves. The involucre has*two main bracts, the longer one attenuate and exceeding the flower. The pedicel is longer than the ovary at an- thesis. The hypanthium covering the ovary is sharply six-angled. The perianth-tube is subcylindric-prismatic or slightly funnelform, longer than the ovary at anthesis. The three sepals are red or cop- per-colored, spreading-arching, one and three quarters to two and a quarter inches long. ‘The blade is very short, paler than the blade, with a median pale line. ‘The blade is oval or oval-obovate, deeper- colored in the center than about the edges, finely veined with darker red, usually notched at the tip. The three petals are about two thirds as long as the sepals and colored like them, narrow-obovate or ae obovate and more or less cuneate at the base, usually notched at the apex. The three stamens are about three guarters of an inch as more or less tinged with red, with the anthers slightly longer than the filaments. The three style-branches are broadly linear to linear-elliptic, three quarters of an inch to an inch long, pale brick- red within, yellowish without. ‘The style-appendages are deltoid- ovate, about one sixth of an inch long, erose-toothed, obtuse or merely acute. The stigma is two-lobed. ‘The capsule is ellipsoid r oval, one and three quarters to two and a quarter inches long, green, not beaked but sometimes slightly constricted near the apex, six-angled, rather thick-walled. The seeds, borne in two rows in some capsule -cavities, in one row in others, are brown, corky, ci cular or half-circular, about a hard of an inch in diameter, are or less uneven from mutual pressur Joun K. SMALL. EXPLANATION OF PLATE. Fig. do lalleretaee and foliage. Fig. 2.—Sepal. Fig. 3.—Petal. Fig. 4.—Capsule. Figs. 5, 6.—Seed = sas ADDISONIA PLATE 389 ~e SW Sse ee aereiemeegas Mowe Calon ‘ ‘ IRIS FLEXICAULIS SO og ae ADDISONIA 9 (Plate 389) IRIS FLEXICAULIS Zigzag Blue-flag Native of the southcentral United States Family IRIDACEAE Irts Family Tris flexicaulis Small, sp. nov. The ratio of blue-flags of the Aexagona group west and east of the Appalachians stands respectively two to one. The angle-pod blue-flag (/ris hexagona), the eastern representative, is a very robust plant, in fact it is our most vigorous iris, and its few flowers are very large and of firm texture. The western representatives, the leafy blue-flag (/ris foliosa) and the one here illustrated, are less vigorous vegetatively, as far as rigidity is concerned. In fact the flower-stems are so weak that they promptly bend down or become prostrate, and although the flower-parts are more delicate, an abun- dance of flowers is produced, as one or two buds arise at each of the several nodes of the very zigzag stem. In contrast with the leafy blue-flag, the nearest relative of the species here illustrated, which produces leaves in abundance and size exceeding those of any of our blue-flags, those of /ris fexicaulis are scarcely as large as those of the common blue-flag (/ris versicolor). The type speci- mens, collected along the Nueces River, 'exas, by B. C. Tharp, are in the herbarium of The New York Botanical Garden. Plants of the original collection survived two winters in the cold frames at the Garden and the severe winter of 1925-26 in the beds of the iris plantation. One would be inclined to assume a common ancestor for the species under consideration and /ris foliosa. Although they are abundantly distinct from each other in foliage, floral, and fruit characters, they are on the other hand more closely related to each other than to any other species. Among the gross differences, the superabundance of leaves is evident in the case of /ris foliosa— whence its specific name—while a superabundance of flowers seems to obtain in /ris flexicaulis. A The marsh and swamp, and sometimes the stream-bed, where the stream runs dry part of the year, are the natural haunts of this flag. A dense turf in a marshy slope, a tangle of willow roots and stems, and a soppy floor of a cypress-head are to the liking of this flag as aresidence. In all its habitats the bright-violet colored flowers are 10 ADDISONIA conspicuous and they are individually more prominent by the mix- ture of yellow and white in the sepals. The pods are relatively rather ponderous. ‘They early bend the supporting stalk to the ground, where the usual moisture soon causes the walls to decay and release the corky seeds. Its exact geographic range, as in the case of most of our interior species, is not yet clear. It might be defined, however, without much chance of error, as the lower Mississippi watershed and the drainage basins of eastern Texas. The ZigZ ag-flag has a stoutish horizontal branching rootstock more or less glaucous. ‘The blades are linear-attenuate, mostly one half to three quarters of an inch wide. ‘The flower- -stalk is erect, stoutish or slender, shorter than the basal leaves, exceptionally leafy, glaucescent, with several short internodes placed at an angle, thus zigzag. he flowers are paired or three together at the top of the stem or sometimes solitary, and one, or two together, in the axils of the stem-leaves. The involucre has two main bracts, which are exceeded by the flower, not foliaceous. The pedicel is shorter than the ovary. The h hypan nthium surrounding the ovary is six-angled. The perianth-tube is cylindric-prismatic, nearly or quite a half inch long. ‘The three sepals are broadly spatulate, two and a quarter to two and three quarters inches long, Senet or recurved at the tip. The blade is obovate, deep-violet except near the base, where the yellow-green striae and median crest extend tp from the claw and pass into white fleck-like radii. The claw is about as long as the blade, less than a half inch wide, dull-green without, yellow-green, except the dark flecks on and between the ridges, within. The three petals are shorter than the sepals, narrowly spatulate, some- what spreading. The blade is dull violet without, deep violet with- in, notched at the apex. The claw is greenish violet without, streaked with violet and brown within. The three stamens are an inch to an inch and an eighth long. The filament is greenish at the base, paler above. The anther is pale yellowish green, shorter than the filament. The three style-branches are two inches long or nearly so, nearly as long as the petals, broadly pes reddish violet, except the paler margins. The style-appendages are scimitar-shaped, five eighths of an inch long, irregularly and bluntly toothed on one side, mostly so above the middle. The stigma is two-lobed. The capsule is oval or ellipsoid, varying to somewhat obovoid, two to three inches long, drooping, six-angled, pale green and more or less glaucous, with the angles prominent and sharp, the walls very thick. The seeds are borne in two rows in each capsule-cavity, half-circular, brown, cor Joun K. SMALL. EXPLANATION OF PLATE. Fig.1.—Inflorescence and foliage. Fig. 2.—Sepal. Fig. 3.—Petal. Fig. 4. —Capsule. Fig. 5.—Seed. etait hia VT ISONIA PLATE 390 ADD IRIS RIVULARIS ADDISONIA 11 (Plate 390) IRIS RIVULARIS Sylvan Blue-flag Native of Florida and Georgia Family IRIDACEAE IrIs Family tris rivularis Small, sp. nov. The watersheds of different rivers commonly harbor flags of a single species or endemic plants. The dominating iris of the water- shed of the upper Saint John’s River is /ris carolina which, however, is not an endemic. Beyond the northern crest of this water-shed, as the land gradually falls off toward the Saint Mary’s River and southern Georgia, an iris of a different relationship appears. It occurs in colonies, often very extensive, along streams tributary to the Saint Mary’s River. The most thriving colonies grow on the middle ground along the streams in a mixture of sand and clay de- posited by the flood waters. This kind of a habitat has developed a very vigorous plant—one that is very tenacious of life. ‘The roots and rootstocks which store the vitality and form the anchors continue to grow whether washed nearly clean of soil or buried deep in it. The apical growth, with sufficient energy stored in the rootstock to withstand exposure to the air or smothering in the soil, at once adjusts itself to seeking its proper depth in the newly-made level of the habitat. The home of the early ancestors of this iris evidently was in the highlands. Whatever its ancestors may have been, the plant under - consideration reached its present geographic range and status through changes in its structure adapted to changes in elevation, topography, and climate. Before the land was much sculptured, this plant, or its more immediate ancestors, may have occupied vast flat areas, as the prairie blue-flag (/ris savannarum) now does in peninsular orida. Later on when the land rose and streams were formed, gradually cutting more deeply into the surface, our subject retreated to the vicinity of streams, selecting places where the water-table was suited to its demands for moisture. It grows either on the otherwise barren sandbars with no protec- tion, or closely associated with the thickets of willows, alders, and other many-stemmed shrubs of river shores. When in flower the colonies, with their violet or purple perianths, are equally showy, 12 ADDISONIA whether with the bare sand as a background or the greenery of a thicket. ‘The pods stand erect until maturity when their weight bears down the flower-stem until the fruits lie on the ground, where they gradually decay and allow the seeds to be floated away with the next freshet. "The type specimens were collected by the writer along a stream south of the Saint Mary’s River on the road from Yulee, Florida, to Kingsland, Georgia. Plants of the original collec- tion survived several winters in the cold frames at the Garden, and the winter of 1925-26 in the beds in the iris plantation. The sylvan-flag has a rather stout fleshy horizontal rootstock. The leaves are erect, usually two or three together. The blades are linear-attenuate, usually one half to three quarters of an inch wide, right green. The flower-stalk is one to two feet tall, rather ees green, often bearing one or two leaves. e flowers are solitary two together terminating the flower-stalk, and frequently in the ee of the upper leaf. The involucre subtending the flowers has two main bracts, the longer one exceeding the flower, attenuate. The pedicel is one and a half to two eee long, about as long as the hf erm The hypanthium surrounding the ovary is three- angled, green. ‘The perianth-tube is narrowly reesoieige® bluntly Ghrenuacled at least two thirds as long as the ovary. The three sepals are arching, remate, two and a quarter 45 two and three quarters inches long. The blade i is broadly we deep-violet above, with white radii diverging from the gree yellow-green crest which vanishes much below the middle of a atacie: The claw is oe! or quite three eighths of an inch wide, light green but striped h deeper green, all shading into the yellow-green at the base of ie blade. The three petals are narrowly spatulate, about two inches long; the claw is whitish and finely striate with green veins; the blade is violet but slightly paler than the violet of the sepal- blade. The three stamens are nearly an inch and a quarter long. e fila- ments are violet-tinged above the base. ‘The anthers are much longer than the filaments. The three style-branches are broadly linear, a little less or little more than an inch and a half long, fully a quarter of an inch wide, green without, lavender-tinged wi The stigma is two-lobed. The style-appendages are lanceolate, nearly or quite a half inch long, pale-violet or lavender, sparingly e seeds, borne in one row in each capsule-cavity, are corky, nearly or quite a half inch in diameter. Joun K. SMALL. EXPLANATION OF Pirate. Fig. 1 <—-Inflorescence and foliage. Fig. 2.—Sepal. Fig. 3.—Petal. Fig. 4.—Capsule, Fig, 5.—Seed. = — te en ee ee SE — se i 4 i ne a ee ets ~~ . ines emmamel a 4 ee ee ¥ “4 CS seaieicasammnattaienmmeermatiataenat tabla ADDISONIA IRIS SHREVEI PLATE S91 ADDISONIA 13 (Plate 391) IRIS SHREVEI Interior Blue-flag Native of the central United States Family IRIDACEAE Irts Family Iris Shrevei Small, sp. nov. Blue-flags at or near the western edge of the geographic range of the species typical of the eastern United States should be regarded with suspicion as to true relationships. Preliminary studies have shown that there is very little in common between the /7is in the Mississippi River basin and in the Atlantic seaboard. Some of the species today are represented either on the Atlantic seaboard or in the interior, thus indicating that their ancestors in leaving the ancient highlands took either an eastward or a westward course, or if they followed both courses, the complements have been lost. Other species, east and west of the present mountains, are paired, as it were. Although perfectly distinct, they are closely enough related to indicate that they had a common ancestor in later geologic time. The species here concerned is the complement, as it were, of /ris versicolor, jast as in another group, /ris foliosa is the complement of J. hexagona n the other hand, /ris vinicolor of the Miss- issippi Delta and /yis fu/va wide-spread in the interior have no com- plementary representatives in the Atlantic Coastal Plain. he marsh is the home of /vis Shrevei. Large level stretches are often densely covered by the bright green plants with their numer- ous flower-stalks which hold the showy flowers about level with the tops of the leaves at anthesis. After the flowering season, as the pods mature, the stalk bends at the ground, lies down, and carries the pods to the turf where they lie, mature, and spill their corky seeds which lie ready to be floated away when high water comes. The plants often grow in a dense turf of grasses, sedges, and rushes. Water-horehounds (Lycopus), mints (J/entha), and bone- sets (Eupatorium) are often associated with them, while woody plants—roses (Rosa setigera), cornels (Svida obliqgua), and button- bushes (Cephalanthus occidentalis)—afford partial shade. The color of the flower is mainly lavender, in pale and dark shades. There are occasionally colonies with lavender-blue flowers, and rarely the 14 ADDISONIA perianth-parts are almost white. Contrary to what obtains in most of our blue-flags, the flowers are decidedly sweet-scented. The amount of fragrance, however, varies with the different colonies and localities. ‘The type specimens were collected by Ralph Shreve near Farmington, Arkansas, and are in the herbarium of The New York Botanical Garden. ‘The plants the original collection are hardy in the iris plantation of the Garde The interior blue-flag has a eee often branching, ape — creeping rootstock. ‘The leaves are erect, usually two or three gether, bright pont and frequently somewhat oy Shinty Becaar oe often purple bases. The blades are linear-attenuate, up toa yard long, mostly three quarters of an inch to an inch wide. e flower- stalk is erect, about equaling the longer leaves in anthesis, much shorter later in the season, with one or two branches which usually nearly or quite equal the top of the main stem at maturity. ‘The flowers are solitary, paired, or three together at the end of the stem, and often solitary or paired in the upper one or two leaf-axils. ‘The involucre consists of two main short bracts which sometimes reach only to the base of the hypanthium. ‘The pedicel is usually about as long as or slightly longer Shise the ovary in anthesis. ‘The hypanthium surrounding the ovary is Sie: three-angled. The perianth-tube is turgid-campanulate, much shorter than the ovary, usually about half as long. The three sepals are remate, two to two and a half inches long, recurved-spreading. he blade, which is about as long as the claw or shorter, is oval, or orbicular-oval, mainly lavender or lavender-blue, except the yellow-green blotch near the base, from which white flecks bordered by purple lines diverge. The claw is rather broad, bri ght green and fleck ed with three petals are spatulate, nearly as long as the sepals. "The claw is green or greenish-yellow, flecked and lined with purple near the base as.in the sepal-claw. The blade is light violet, faintly lined with dark violet. The three stamens are about one and a quarter inches long. The filament, with the dilated lower part yellowish green, is whitish above. The anthers are greenish yellow, shorter than the filaments. The three style-branches are “shod an inch and a half long, pale lilac or pale lavender. The style-appendages are obliquely lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, one third to one half inch long, curved upward, coarsely few-toothed. The stigma is entire. The capsule is prismatic-cylindric, two and a half to four inches long, three-sided, usually longer elie the pedicel, the angles rounded, the sides with an impressed rib which is three-forked above the middie. The seeds, borne in two rows in each capsule-cavity, are roeriiitaars corky, brown, often nearly or quite a half inch in diamete Joun K. SMALL. EXPLANATION OF PLATE. Fig. 1 =-[nlloreoceriot and foliage. Fig. 2.—Sepal. Fig. 3.—Petal. Fig. 4.—Capsule. Fig. 5.—Seed. ‘Nig Ge Seng id ei tiny PLATE 392 ADDISONIA IRIS PRISMATICA i le ee ee ks ‘ + * ADDISONIA 15 (Plate 392) IRIS PRISMATICA Slender Blue-flag Native of eastern North America Family IRIDACEAE Ir1s Family fris prismatica Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. 30. 1814. tris gracilis Bigel. Fl. Bost. 12. 1814, The great antiquity of the slender blue-flag is definitely recorded by its geographic range—which includes all three plant-provinces eastward from the highlands, viz. the Blue Ridge, the Piedmont, and the Coastal Plain. ‘The ancestors of this flag preserved in the highland retreats during the submergences of later geologic times sent their descendents through the Piedmont clear to the coast. At the same time it held its own in the Blue Ridge, and today it may be found either in the marshes in the coastal region, or at several thous- and feet altitude in the mountains. This dainty plant is one of the most desirable of our native irises for cultivation. It forms large clumps or extensive colonies; its underground parts, especially the long rootstocks, and slender scaly stems, are firm in texture. There are no striking characters in the flowers to distinguish them from the flowers of our other blue-flags, but the fruit is charac- teristic: the half-ripe pod is short and broad with little body and flat wings, but as it matures the body lengthens, becomes relatively narrow, the wings disappear, and a narrow three-angled prismatic capsule is evolved. ‘This opens by three short valves at the summit and allows the numerous seeds to be shaken out as it bobbs about in the wind on the slender stems. ‘The numerous seeds and the virile rootstocks are strong arguments against it having once migrated to other regions than it now occupies and then become extinct there. In the Coastal Plain the slender blue-flag grows in the turf of bogs, often about cranberry bogs, ofthe pinebarrens. Hereits flowers are elevated above the usually depressed associated vegetation. In the mountains, its ancient home, the slender blue-flag occurs in Swampy places in the flat valleys which are often submerged by slow- flowing streams during flood periods. Here there is often a peculiar association of northern and southern plants—sweet-gale (Myrica Gale) and bamboo-vine (Smilax laurifolia) grow side by side. The 16 ADDISONIA mountain bog-asphodel (4éama montana) is associated with the pitcher-plant (Sarracenia rubra), the leather-leaf (Chamaedaphne calyculata), the Appalachian cherry (Prunus cuneata), and two other blue-flags (/ris carolina and J. versicolor). The specimens from which the accompanying painting was made were collected at Apple-pie Hill, Burlington County, New Jersey, only a few miles north of Egg Harbor, cited by Pursh as the locality from which the original specimens came. In latitude the species ranges from Georgia to Nova Scotia. The slender blue-flag has a slender, widely creeping somewhat scaly rootstock. ‘The leaves are erect, ‘‘grass-like,’’ two or three together. tage blades are very n rrowly linear, mostly less Se a quarter inc e, bright green, nienkede attenuate. The flower- stalk is icine i usually one to two and a half feet in othe flowers are usually two or three together, arising from a narrow in- volucre of nearly equal bracts at the top of the stem, fati-patieatiad: and often one terminating one or two slender branches. The pedicel is slender, several times as long as the ovary and exceeding the bracts, inequilateral, raising the flower above the bracts. The id epee The perianth-tube is short, campanulate, about half as long as the ovary. ‘The three sepals are recurved-spreading, an inch and a arter to an inch and three quarters long, narrowly pandurate. The blade is broadly rounded, with a white background, yellow-tinged at the base and veined and flecked with blue which merges about the edges. The claw is broad, Soe than the blade,. io agies striped at the oe yellowish gr t the middle with a rib but n crest, whiter on the edges nee with port veins. ‘The three peinls are spatulate, about one and a half inches long, often nearly as long as the sepals, the narrow inrolled claw veined with magenta, the longer blade pale blue with deeper-colored veins. ‘The three nch lo i and anther about = in ue the ‘Sinuent, and usually = tip. The capsule is narrowly prismatic-cylindric, one to two inches long, rather sharply three-angled, thin-walled, shorter nat oe pes ad pedicels, three-valved at the apex. The seeds, in one n each capsule-cavity, are circular, or through mutual pressure sseniearien half-circular, about one sixth of an inch in diameter, brown, scarcely corky, somewhat shining. Joun K. SMALL. F PLATE. Fig. 1.—Base of plant, showing re Fig. 2 EXPLANATI Inflorescence ‘and foliage, Fig. 3.—Capsule, unopened, Fig. 4.+-Capsule, open. Figs. 5, 6.—Seed PLATE 393 ADDISONIA MELIA AZEDARACH ADDISONIA 17 (Plate 393) MELIA AZEDARACH China-berry Native of China and Persia Family MELIACEAE © | MAHOGANY Family Melia Azedarach ¥,. Sp. Pl. 384. 1753. is spring in the southland—a strong honey scent fills the air, aan in its fragrance. Seek for its source and you find, not one of the native spring flowers, but a beautiful tree, its growth re- minding one much of an umbrella. The odor is seen to come from sprays of lilac-colored flowers thickly set throughout the branches, many of them even hidden in its great mass of somewhat fernlike foliage. When the berries are ripened, then the tree is enjoyed by the children, who gather great quantities of them, and by stewing off the pulp, obtain the hard bony pits, which they color and string into necklaces by means of the natural perforation thru the center of the stone, which though small is easily enlarged with a heavy needle. This same fact is taken advantage of by the monks of some of the European monasteries, who use the pits to make their rosaries, whence the name bead-tree, by which the plant is sometimes called. The bark of the tree is used medicinally for its cathartic and emetic properties; it is also used as an anthelmintic. The tree must also possess narcotic properties, for birds eating too freely of the berries have been made insensible for a few hours. The wood is sometimes used for furniture, for which purpose it could be made more use of, as it is hard and durable, and resembles mahogany in some ways, so that it is sometimes substituted for mahogany, as are other members of the same family, as Cedre/a and Khaya. It is a rapidly growing tree, cases being known of trees only nine or ten years old, with trunks up to sixteen or more inches in diameter. The name Melia is derived from the Greek name for the ash in allusion to some fancied resemblance of the leaves of JMZelia to those of the ash; the word J/e/ia being derived from the Greek word for honey, referring to the sweet sap of the ash tree. The tree has been in cultivation so long and has become so popular on account of its beauty that it has been grown and become naturalized in warm countries almost throughout the world. It is 18 ; ADDISONIA supposedly native to Persia and China, and probably so in Baluchis- tan and parts of Kashmir. In the United States it has become naturalized from North Carolina west to California and south to Florida and Texas except in the mountain regions and their neigh- boring sections. Something of its widespread nature may be shown by its collection of names such as China-berry, China-tree, Bead- tree, Pride of India, Bukhain, Persian lilac, Umbrella-tree, Pater- nosterbaum, Holy-tree. The China-berry is a deciduous tree, not exceeding ae feet in height, with a trunk up to two feet in diameter, and a rounded, spreading top, often umbrella-like, the trunk clothed with a pcamee gray bark, thin and much furrowed, the branches clothed with a smooth reddish brown bark. ‘The sapwood is yellowish, the heart- wood light-red, the annual growth rings marked by rather large cells. The leaves are alternate, bright green, approximate near the ends of the branches, eight to eighteen inches long, rarely longer, and from four to twelve inches broad, — pinnate, with four to eight pairs of usually opposite pinnae. e leaflets are ovate-lanceo- late and deeply serrate, the teeth roun seas or acute. The flowers, borne in the leaf axils in branching panicles, are lilac-colored, with a violet-colored staminal tube, and very fragrant. ‘They are about one half inch long. The calyx i is composed of five o vate, pubescent lanceolate petals, slightly pubescent on the outside. The staminal tube is about one third of an inch long, ten-or twelve-lobed, each lobe with two or three teeth at the top, thus forming a fringe. he ten or twelve yellow anthers, nearly as long as the teeth, are borne on the inside of the tube near the top. The stigma is clavate and five- or six-lobed. The style is thick, slightly shorter than the stam- inal tube. The ovary is five- or six- -celled, slightly thicker than the style. The fruit is an ovoid or globose yellow drupe, with an ill- smelling pulp, and a prominently five- or six-ribbed stone, contain- ing a seed within each rib. The drupes become wrin nkled when thoroughly ripe, and persist on the otherwise bare tree all winter. EDWARD J. ALEXANDER. LANATION OF PLATE, Fig. 1.—Leaf and inflorescence. Fig. 2.—Staminal EXP a split open, oes pistil, x" 2. Fig. 3.—Fruit. Fig. 4.—Stone, end view. g. 5. —Stone, side vie ADDISONIA PLATE 394 ARTHROPODIUM CIRRHATUM ADDISONIA 19 (Plate 394) ARTHROPODIUM CIRRHATUM Rock-lily Native of New Zealand Family LILIACEAE Lity Family nthericum cirrhatum Forst. Prodr. 148. 1786. ‘Aviivtpodin cirrhatum R. Br. Bot. Mag. p/. 2250. 1822. The iris and lily relatives of the Antipodes are to the conservatory what the Cape bulbs are to our midsummer gardens. In the cool greenhouse they are decorative herbs of simple culture, adapted for natural plantings along paths, pools and around the base of large plants. The rock-lily is related to the New Zealand flax, Phormium tenax, which furnishes fiber of great value. ‘This plant grows with the famous “‘wedding iris’’ of Australia on the edges of the pool in the Central Display House, Conservatory Range No. 2. Other closely related plants in the same conservatory are Dianella, and the ti-plant, Cordyline australis. Propagation is by division. ‘The plants are potted up in early spring in ordinary good garden soil, or planted directly in the ground. ‘They bloom very freely, usually in the months of April and May. The plants furnishing material for our illustration were grown from seed sent from Palmerston, Northern New Zealand, by Mr. J. W. Poynton. The rock-lily is a tufted glabrous herb Soy fleshy, fibrous roots, with shiny grass- -like linear- lanceolat e leaves up to two feet long, Ae ope mero ne ro) =] o s oO ~ = mo.) ° =] oO = ll =, rh 5 Q > oO wo 4: jan om Pe: = RS ue E =] x} cr Oo p yh OQ 4 flowers are in large branching panicles, leafy-bracted below. They are about one inch in diameter, on short slender pedicels which are arranged in a close ring in the center of the flower. ‘The anthers are lanceolate and erect; just beneath them the filaments are purple, woolly, thickened and bear curious woolly yellow appendages which are curved at the tips. The ovary is three-celled, the cells with many ovules, the style slender and the stigma small. The capsule is seni three- celled, and at maturity contains many angular black s KENNETH R. BOYNTON. Bai Ng —Top of inflorescence. Fig. 2.—Summit of Fig 3 CFiswer, wi with - a aad stamens al oer. anced, K2. Wig Fi ike xs: Fig. 5. — of stamen, X 6. —Fru ADDISONIA PLATE 395 at ee as SABINEA PUNICEA ADDISONIA 21 (Plate 395) SABINEA PUNICEA Caracolillo Native of Porto Rico Family FABACEAE PEA Family Sabinea punicea Urban, Symb. Ant. 1: 323. 1899. The genus Sadinea, established by de Candolle in 1825, in honor of Joseph Sabine, an English botanist, consists of three known species, all West Indian. These are (1) the type species, S. florida (Vahl) DC., growing in Porto Rico and the Virgin Islands, first described by Vahl in 1793 as Robinia florida, (2) S. carinalis Griseb., known only from the island of Dominica; and (3) S. punicea Urban, known only from central and western Porto Rico, here descri and illustrated. They are shrubs or small trees, with equally pinnate leaves, the small, short-stalked leaflets entire-margined, the pink, lavender, rose or carmine flowers solitary or clustered, in structure much like those of the northern locusts (Rodinia). The thin calyx is nearly truncate. The corolla is composed of a broad standard, two oblong, somewhat curved wings, and a blunt, inflexed keel. There areten stamens, nine of them united by their filaments into a sheath, the other one separate; the anthers of all ten stamens are alike. The ovary is stalked and contains many ovules, the style very slender, the small stigma terminal. The fruit is a narrow legume, its thin valves twisting when ripe and releasing the flattened seeds Sabinea sine isa shrub, sometimes six feet high, with more or ess hairy young twigs; it s leaves are from two to four ree long, Pi ocak hath the readies from five to ten pairs, firm exture, oblong to obovate, about half an inch long, reticulate-veined, blunt at both ends or the apex notched; the pink to usttally clustered on slender stalks mostly less fees ta an = long; the bell-shaped oblique calyx is about a quarter of an inch long; the standard is about half an inch wide, the wings up to nearly an inch long; the stamens are all nearly equal in length; the legume is slen- er, stalked, two and one half to nearly four inches long, about quarter of an inch wide. The painting here reproduced was made by Mrs. Horne from a shrub growing at Guanajibo, near Mayaguez, Porto Rico, March 17, 1925. N. L. BRITTON. EXPLANATION OF PraTE. Fig. 1.—Flowering branch. Fig. 2,—Legume. PLATE 396 ADDISONIA err ANGELONIA SALICARIAEF OLIA ADDISONIA 23 (Plate 396) ANGELONIA SALICARIAEFOLIA Angelon Native of the West Indies and northern South America Family SCROPHULARIACEAE FiGworT Family Angelonia salicariaefolia Humb. & Bonpl. Pl. Aequin. 2: 92. 1812. Angelonia is a showy-flowered herbaceous genus of the figwort family, containing some twenty-five species all natives of tropical merica, most numerous in Brazil, some of them grown in tropical gardens for ornament under the Spanish name vio/efa, the flowers of some being violet-blue. They have opposite leaves, or the upper ones sometimes alternate; their flowers form terminal racemes, or are solitary in the upper leaf-axils. The calyx is five-cleft or five- parted; the subrotate corolla has a short saccate tube and a widely spreading, irregularly lobed limb; there are four stamens, two longer, two shorter, the anther-sacs divaricate; the ovary contains many ovules. The fruit is a small two-valved capsule, containing several or many foveolate seeds The generic name, given by Humboldt and Bonpland in 1812, is a latinized form of Angelon, the common name in Venezuela of the plant here illustrated; this is occasionally cultivated; its natural dis- tribution is in northern South America, Trinidad, Porto Rico, and Santo Domingo. In Porto Rico and in Trinidad we have observed it growing on banks and along roads. A related species, Angelonia angustifolia, is more often seen in tropical gardens, apparently because it responds more readily to cultivation; this differs from A. salicariaefolia in having linear leaves and flowers with a slightly different corolla; it grows wild in Mexico, Cuba, Jamaica, Santo st gues and southern Florida. Angelonia salicariacfolia is erect, viscid plant about two feet high, with a simple or Beaches stem; the lanceolate or linear- ais leaves are sessile, pointed, toothed, about four inches long or shorter; the flowers are in long terminal racemes with leaf-like lanceolate to ovate bracts; the slender pedicels are nearly as long as the ogee or somewhat longer, and recurved in fruit; the oblique calyx is about a sixth of an inch long, the blue corolla about an a broad; the nearly globular capsule is about a fourth of an inch iamet 24 ADDISONIA Mrs. Horne’s painting, here reproduced, was made from a plant obtained by her between Mayaguez and Maricao, Porto Rico, May 19, 1925. N. L. Brrrron. EXPLANATION OF PLATE, Fig. 1.—Racemeofflowers. Fig, 2,—Leaves and fruit. QUERCUS SERRATA x _ oe, Pes god ADDISONIA 25 (Plate 397) QUERCUS SERRATA Serrate-leaved Oak Native of eastern and southern Asia Family FAGACEAE BEECH Family Quercus serrata Thunb. Fl. Jap. 176. 1784. This tree is native in eastern and southeastern Asia, where it is one of the most widely distributed deciduous-leaved oaks of the region, ranging from the coastal foothills of Japan to the Indian Himalayas. In Japan it is stated to be a characteristic and promi- nent second-growth tree in waste lands, where it apparently springs up in great numbers. It is said to be valued only for the charcoal which is made from it, although it forms a handsome, ornamental tree in cultivation, and it has been introduced and successfully grown, with this object in view, in the eastern United States. The specimen from which the illustration was made was collected from a tree growing in the arboretum of the New York Botanical Garden. This tree is one of four fine specimens which came as young trees from Biltmore, South Carolina, in 1903. Two of these have borne acorns for three consecutive years. ‘Two other thriving examples of this oak are in our ae seer from the Bureau of Plant oe Washington, D. C., ate-leaved oak is a small tn ree, saree to forty feet in tru of the chestnut. Each of the foliar dentitions terminates in a long slender awn, thus indicating relationship with the eastern North American group of lobate-leaved oaks with bristle tipped foliar lobes, to which our common red, black, and swamp or pin oak belong, rather than with the awnless lobate-dentate and coarsely dentate leaved group which includes the scrub-chestnut or chinquapin oak, and the rock-chestnut oak; although the general type of leaf-form characteristic of the two species last mentioned is more nearly parable with that of Quercus serrata. "The acorns are relatively small and the cups are covered with ag = baer reflexed a more or less twisted or contorted, scurfy Aeritr HOLLICKE. yak ey re Fig. 1. Pg nm Fig. 2.Staminate flower, x4. Fig. 3. Pistillate A led x 4. Fig. 4.—Fruiting branch. PLATE 398 ADDISONIA ASARUM CANADENSE ADDISONIA 27 (Plate 398) ASARUM CANADENSE Wild Ginger Native of eastern North America Family ARISTOLOCHIACEAE BIRTHWORT Family Asarum canadense l,. Sp. Pl. 442. 1753. Unless acquainted with the wild ginger in its natural haunts one might easily overlook its peculiar flowers, which grow close to the ground on short slender pedicels arising from between the bases of the petioles and concealed under fallen and partly decayed leaves. “This species grows naturally in rich woodlands from New Bruns- wick to Manitoba, south to North Carolina, Missouri, and Kansas. It is quite common in the vicinity of New York City, where it is often found in company with its near relative Asarum reflexum Bicknell, from which it differs in its ovate-lanceolate calyx-segments. It is easily transplanted and grows well in rich soil in shady places. The brown or greenish-brown rootstocks when broken or bruised have a rather strong odor of ginger. The plant from which the accompanying illustration was made was collected at Mclean Heights, Yonkers, New York, by Miss Mary E. Seer in the spring of 1926. The wild ginger is a stemless side-on herb, with slender aro- matic Rede rootstock. ‘The finely pubescent erect leaf-stalks are five to eleven inches long, es this dark green leaf-blades are three and one half to seven inches broad, reniform, short-acuminate ovary, its ovate-lanceolate long-acuminate lobes inflexed in the bud. The twelve stamens are inserted on the ovary; the short filaments are longer than the anthers. The ai capsule is crowned by the withering-persistent calyx and stame PERCY WILSON. EXPLANATION OF PLATE. Fig. 1. epee d plant. Fig. 2.—Flower, cut open. = 3.—Stamen, exterior view, X 2. Fig. 4.—Stamen, interior view, 3. Fig. 5.—Gynoecium, 3. Fig. 6.—Fruit. PLATE 399 ADDISONIA ZANTEDESCHIA AETHIOPICA ADDISONIA 29 (Plate 399) ZANTEDESCHIA AETHIOPICA Calla Native of South Africa Family ARACEAE ARuUM Family Calla aethiopica I,. Sp. Pl. 968. 1753. Richardia africana Kunth, Mém. Mus. Par. 4: 433. 1818. Zantedeschia aethiopica Spreng. Syst. 3: 765. 1826. In swamps or places wet during the winter the white arum of the Cape of Good Hope region is common and the roots are eaten by pigs. While a broad landscape studded with the waxy white bloom of calla is familiar there, to Americans the flower is that of a common house-plant or florist’s product. In California it is a beautiful and useful garden subject. It has been cultivated for two hundred years. About thirty years ago Z. Ei/iottiana, with rich golden yellow spathes, was introduced, and now we have a species with white-spotted leaves in our collection; Z. Rehmannii, with pink spathes, is also sparingly grown. The genus name Cada being restricted to the cold swamp Calla palustris, and that of Richardia belonging to an earlier genus, the present one, after Zantedeschi, an Italian botanist, is used. The calla is easy to grow if furnished with plenty of plant food. It should be rested, by turning the plant on its side in June and letting it remain there unwatered until August or September. The plant should then be turned out and repotted in fresh and very rich compost. Although the calla blooms more quickly in a small pot, both foliage and flower are much finer in a large pot. For a good- sized three- or four-year plant, a ten- or twelve-inch pot is preferable. Place a two-inch layer of charcoal in the bottom; over this a layer of well-rotted manure, then the regular compost. Water lightly until growth really begins, then too much can hardly be given, and the warmer it is the better. ‘The calla can scarcely be fed too much, so rich liquid manure should be given once or twice a week while it is growing. ‘The spotted calla is strictly a summer plant, and re- quires to be kept dormant in winter. 30 ADDISONIA staminate flowers on the upper part of the spadix, the pistillate on the lower, and occasionally surrounded by staminodes. After flower- ing the upper part of the spadix dies, the fruits develop, the noah turning greenish and enclosing the berries which are yellow when ripe. KENNETH R. BoyNToN, HENRY W. BECKER. EXPLANATION OF PLATE, Fig. 1.—Summit of petiole, with leaf-blade. Fig. 2. —Inflorescence. PLATE AO0 ADDISONIA DUDLEYA ALBIFLORA ADDISONIA 31 (Plate 400) DUDLEYA ALBIFLORA White-flowered Dudleya Native of Lower California Family CRASSULACEAE ORPINE Family Dudleya albiflora Rose, Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 3:13. 1903. Although more than sixty species of Dud/eya have been described, only one is known to have white flowers and for that reason was named Dudleya albiflora. It was first collected by T. S. Brandegee about Magdalena Bay, Lower California, and flowered first at the New York Botanical Garden in 1903. It was collected again by J. N. Rose at the type locality in 1911. More recently it was obtained by Ivan M. Johnston while connected with the scientific expedition sent by the California Academy of Sciences in 1921 to explore the islands in the Gulf of California. Living specimens first went to Vashington and from there a plant was sent to the New York Botanical Garden where it flowered April 24, 1922, and again in 1923, and from this source our illustration was drawn. Of the fifteen species of Dud/eya described from Lower California, only a few have been in cultivation. ‘Those which have been grown in greenhouses do well for a time, sooner or later flower, and then die. It is interesting that no species of this genus, though it is so well distributed in Lower California, have yet been found on the main- land of Mexico. e white-flowered dudleya is acaulescent, crowned by an open aang Sus ae twenty spreading leaves - these are fleshy, bright me half gi Bey long, half an inch broad and pointed; the flowering stem is weak, one and onehalf feet long, red, bearing small scattered bright red bract-like leaves; the inflorescence is a few-branched and bearing many small alternate bracts; the inflorescence is made up of three or four weak branches or secund racemes; the pedicels are very short, sometimes barely a twelfth of an inch long; the five sepals are ovate and acute; the petals are erect except at the tip and are about half an inch long. J. N. Rose. EXPLANATION OF PLATE. Fig. 1.—Base of flowering stem, with leaf-rosette. Fig. 2.—Summit of flowering stem. PLATE 401 ADDISONIA ¥ WN. or}we STAHLIA MONOSPERMA ADDISONIA 33 (Plate 401) STAHLIA MONOSPERMA Cobana negra Native of Porto Rico Family CAESALPINIACEAE SENNA Family Caesalpinia monosperma Tul. Arch, Mus. Nat. Paris 4: 148. 1844. Stahlia maritima Bello, Anal. Soc. re Sor Nat. 10; 255. 1881. Stahlia monosperma Urban, Symb. A : 285. 1900. Restricted in distribution, so far as known, to a few colonies near the coasts of Porto Rico and its neighboring island dependency Vieques, Stahlia monosperma is one of the rarest and most interest- ing of all trees, highly valued for its black, heavy, durable w The trees grow mainly along and near the borders of mangrove swamps, a little above the highest reached by tidal influence, but occasionally they are to be seen furtherinland. Perhaps the largest colony is on a subsaline plain near Boqueron in southwestern Porto Rico; here many trees were to be seen in the spring of 1927; most of them had been cut for timber, but they had made numerous shoots from the cut stumps, some of these twenty feet high, the tree having this habit in a noteworthy degree. This is the only known species of Stak/ia, a monotypic genus, which commemorates Augustin Stahl, a doctor of medicine, who resided and practiced at Bayamon, Porto Rico, from 1865 to his death in 1917; he made extensive collections in botany, zoology and archaeology, and published a book, now very rare, entitled “‘Estu- dios sobre la floraede Puerto Rico.’’ ‘The gents was established by the Spanish botanical author Bello in 1881, when it was first dis- tinguished from Caesalpinia. Mrs. Horne’s painting, the first illustration in color of this rare species, was made from trees on the eastern coast of Porto Rico near Ceiba, on March 3, 1927, the flowering spray from a group at Bahia Puerco, the fruit from the colony at Ensenada Hunda. Stahlia monosperma is an unarmed tree, with maximum height of about sixty feet and trunk diameter of nearly three feet, the twigs and leavessmooth. ‘The alternate, pinnate leaves have from three to six pairs of ovate or ovate-lanceolate pointed leaflets from two to four inches long, characteristically provided with round black glands on the under rae sven al Se surface shining. e flowers are clus- tered in hai es from three to six inches long, and borne on short tke. The fi five oe ciliate sepals are united at the base, blunt, about one quarter of an inch long. The five nearly eq petals are elliptic and pee a third to a half inch long, dasad 34 ADDISONIA cream-colored, tinged with pink, and finely glandular-papillose. The seven to ten stamens are separate, about as long as the petals, woolly below with pink hairs, their dark os anthers versatile. The ovary and style are smooth. he fruit is an ovoid or nearly orbic- ular flat, indehiscent, or perhaps tardily mecha Pots about an inch broad, leathery and purple, containing only on N. 4. toa EXPLANATION OF PLATE. Fig. 1.—A flowering branch. Fig. 2.—The fruit. PLATE 402 ADDISONIA EXOGONIUM ARENARIUM , : ; ee ee ee —— ey | Oe ADDISONIA 35 (Plate 402) EXOGONIUM ARENARIUM Cambustera Native of the northeastern West Indies Family CONVOLVULACEAE MORNING-GLORY Family she Senet arenarium Choisy, Conv. Rar. 129. 1838. oea arenaria Steud. Nom. 815. < Fpomoca Eggersiana Peter, in E. & P t. Pfi. 45a: 30. 1899. 5 paiaantnd Steudelii Millsp. Field Mus. Bot 2 : 86. 1900. xogonium Eggersii House, Bull. Torrey Club 35: 194. 1908. Among the many kinds of morning-glory vines and their relatives this is one of the most conspicuous and elegant when in bloom. inhabits the coastal regions of many West Indian islands, ranging from St. Martin and Anguilla westward through the Virgin Islands to Porto Rico and Hispaniola, often growing abundantly in thickets, twining on bushes or low trees, even on cacti, or trailing on the ground, attaining a length of from three to more than twelve feet and often flowering profusely. The vine is very interesting from the wide diversity of its small leaves and the remarkable range in color of its flowers, from crimson to pink, purple, lilac, or even white. The genus Exogonium differs from the true morning-glories (/pomoea) by a salverform corolla and exserted stamens, in these features resembling the cypress-vines (Quamoclit), but these have a four-celled ovary, while that of Exo- gonium is three-celled. Our plate is reproduced from a painting of a plant found near Salinas de Guanica, on the southern coast of Porto Rico, December 21; 1925. xogonium arenarium is a slender glabrous vine. The leaves are or rounded, the lobes ovate to oblong or linear. The flowers are borne one to four together, on short, stout stalks. The broadly ovate sepals are about a quarter of an inch long and rounded. e corolla is about one and a half inches long, its nearly orbicular limb widely spreading, about as broad as the length of the tube, and the style and stamens protude about half an inch. The capsule is pointed and about half an inch long or shorter, containing several long-woolly seeds. N. L. BRITTON. EXPLANATION OF Pico ay Fig. 1.—Upper part of the vine in flower. Fig. 2.— The fruit. Fig. 3.—A seed. ADDISONIA PLATE 403 - er. } ee Lh Lae pet * be ae rs ies NIOPA PEREGRINA ADDISONIA 37 (Plate 403) NIOPA PEREGRINA Cojobana Native of the eastern West Indies and northern South America Family MIMOSACEAE Mimosa Family The name Miofa was proposed by Bentham in 1875, in the Trans- actions of the Linnean Society of London, as a section of the genus Piptadenia; it was derived from Niopo, the aboriginal name of the species here illustrated, on the upper Orinoco River. The group consists of a few species of tnarmed tropical American trees, with bipinnate leaves and small white flowers borne in dense globular stalked clusters; their pods are narrow, elongate, leathery, more or less constricted between the large flat seeds. Niofa, considered by Ss as a genus, with the species here illustrated as typical, differs from Piptadenia in having capitate rather than spicate flowers, cori- aceous rather than nearly membranous legumes, and orbicular seeds. Niopa peregrina is a tree with maximum height of about twenty feet, with red-brown, hard, heavy, and durable wood. The nearly black bark is corky and very rough. The twigs and young risers e puberulent. ‘The stalked ie are composed of many pairs of of an inch long, cece or ache glabrous when mature. The heads of flowers are half an inch to nearly an inch in diameter, borne on slender, puberulent peduncles. The minute calyx is five-toothed, and there are five small petals. The ten Harper have filiform fila- ments and small glandless anthers. The pods are linear, from three to seven inches long, about half an inch wide, thei eir coriaceous valves separating when ripe. ‘The seeds are flat, thin, black, and shining, nearly as broad as the width of the pod or Mrs. Horne’s painting, here reproduced, aed in March, 1927, is from a tree at Monteflores, Porto Rico. N. L. BRITTON, J. N. RosE. — OF PraTE. Fig. 1.—A flowering branch. Fig. 2.—A legume. ig. 3.—A seed. PLATE 404 ERYTHRINA CORALLODENDRON ADDISONIA ae y ADDISONIA 39 (Plate 404) ERYTHRINA CORALLODENDRUM Coral Tree Native of tropical America Family FABACEAE PEA Family Erythrina Corallodendrum I,. Sp. Pl. 706. 1753. The coral tree or baumortel, called ‘‘Pinon espinosa’’ in Porto Rico, is widely distributed in tropical America, inhabiting relatively dry parts of Jamaica, Cuba, Porto Rico, the Virgin Islands, the Lesser Antilles from St. Kitts south to Tobago, northern South America, and Central America. It commonly blooms when bare of leaves, and its clusters of large coral-red flowers are very conspicuous. One of its mpi Ligeti thrina Poeppigiana, has already been illustrated in ADDISONIA (Plate 331); from this species, &. Corallodendrum ditions i in reiki shape of the standard petal of the corolla, this being oval or elliptic in £. Poeppigiana, but narrowly oblong and elongate in Z. Coradlo- dendrum. Our illustration is from a painting made of material obtained from a tree growing in woods near the road between Ponce and Penuelas, Porto Rico, Feburary 20, 1923. Erythrina Corallodendrum is a tree with maximum height of about twenty-five e feet, its trunk and the stout branches armed with shar leaves are glabrous, with long and slender, sometimes prickly peti- ole rhombic-ovate or rhombic- orbicular leaflets are pointed and from two to six inches long. ‘The racemes of short-stalked flowers are nearly a foot long orshorter. The narrowly bell-shaped calyx is truncate and from a quarter to half an inch long. The standard petal is narrowly oblong, folded, about two inches long, pod is from four to six inches long and about half an inch wide. The scarlet seeds usually have a black spot. N. L. BRITTON. EXPLANATION OF —— Fig. 1.—A leaf. Fig. 2.—A flowering twig. Fig. 3.— Alegume, Fig. 4.—A seed. PLATE 405 CHAMAEFISTULA ANTILLANA ADDISONIA ADDISONIA 41 (Plate 405) CHAMAEFISTULA ANTILLANA Hediondilla Native of Porto Rico, St. Thomas, and Tortola ‘Family CARSALPINIACEAR SENNA Family Chamaefisiula antillana Britton & Rose, Sci. Surv. Porto Rico 5: 369. 1924. The genus Chamaejfistula is composed of some thirty species of vines, shrubs, and small trees, natives of tropical America. ‘They have pinnate leaves with two pairs of broad leaflets, and large yellow flowers in terminal clusters, or these sometimes also borne in the upper axils of the leaves. The flowers have five small sepals and five large petals nearly alike in shape and size. ‘The perfect sta- mens are usually seven in number, with narrow anthers, and there are usually three imperfect ones, called staminodes. ‘The ovary con- tains many ovules. he pod is elongate, nearly circular in cross- section, leathery in texture, glutinous and pulpy within, and ulti- mately opens along one side, exposing the transverse, flattened seeds. The accompanying illustration is from a painting madein January, 1927, from a plant growing in a thicket near Luquillo, Porto Rico. Chamaefistula pops inhabits thickets a woodlands at lower and middle elevations in Porto Rico, and on the Virgin -iogaa igs i is and leaflets are obliquely lag or nearly elliptic, pointed, thin in tex- ture, about four inches long or shorter, and there is a small narrow gland between each of the two pairs. The conspicuous and showy g drooping on slender stalks, about half an inch thick, very gluti- nous within. ‘The seeds are nari oval, flattened, and shining. N. L. BRITTON 7. N, Rose. —— OF PuaTE. Fig. 1.—A flowering branch. Fig. 2.-A legume. ig A seed. et Oe 2 Sh eee =a oe: Spr ae & = * = - eee PLATE 406 SAGITTARIA LANCIFOLIA ADDISONIA ADDISONIA 43 (Plate 406) SAGITTARIA LANCIFOLIA Lancehead Native of tropical and subtropical America Family ALISMACEAE WATER-PLANTAIN Family Sagittaria lancifolia I,, Syst. ed. 10.1270. 1759, The arrowhead family is represented in nearly all parts of the world. However, the genus Sagitfaria, to which the arrowheads and lanceheads belong, is found chiefly in America. The name Sagittaria refers to the leaf-blade of the European plant, which is shaped like the point of an arrow. This same type of leaf is found in some of the American species, while in others the basal lobes are not represented and the leaf resembles the head of a lance or spear. The genus Sagitfaria is characterized by its monoecious or dioecious flowers, which are usually borne in whorls of three near the top of the scape. ‘The flowers of the lower whorl are usually pistillate, while those of the upper whorls are staminate. The pistillate flowers have many distinct carpels, which are borne on a convex, spheroidal, or globose receptacle. The rootstocks of some species of Sagitfaria bear tubers as large as a hen’s egg; these were gathered and eaten by the Indian tribes of the United States. Sagittaria lancifolia grows naturally in marshy places, along the borders of ponds and in ditches from southern United States to Argentina and in the West Indies. The accompanying illustration was made by Mrs. F. W. Horne from a plant growing in a marsh at Santurce, Porto Rico, in January, 1927. The lancehead is a sig oes ae usually rather stout, and often three feet | in height. The leaf-bl ades, which vary from linear to broadly acetate or elliptic, are sometimes a ae vad a in length, and acute to acuminate at both ends. The are usually branched and taller than the leaves. The divscue Lancet or lanceo- late bracts are acute to acuminate at the apex and vary from half to one inch in length. ‘The snow-white flowers are usually more than an inch in diameter. Percy WILSON. EXPLANATION OF PratE. Fig. 1.—A leaf. Fig, 2.—Upper ues of the inflo- Tescence, Fig, 3.—Portion of the ‘lower part of the inflorescence SE ee, ae a . — are 1 ~ os it es? Dog Se ote. a Ee oe ee ge ‘ge PLATE 407 ADDISONIA CANAVALI MARITIMA ADDISONIA 45 (Plate 407) CANAVALI MARITIMA Bay Bean Native of tropical seacoasts Family FABACEAE PEA Family Dolichos maritimus Aubl. Pl. Guian. 2: 765. 1775. Dolichos obtusifolius lam. Encycl. 2: 295, 1786. Dolichos rotundifolius Vahl. Symb. 2: 81. 1794. anavalia maritima Thou. Jour. Bot. Desv. 1: 80. 1813. Canavalia obtusifolia DC, Prodr. 2: 404. 1825. Canavali is a genus of perennial tropical and subtropical vines, including fifteen species or more, represented in both the New World and the Old. They have trifoliolate leaves, and large white, purple, pink, or red flowers, borne in stalked, axillary racemes. The calyx is two-lipped, the nearly orbicular standard reflexed, the wing-petals twisted or curved, the keel-petalsincurved. There are nine stamens united by their filaments, and one separate, or all ten filaments are partly united. The ovary contains several ovules and the style is incurved. ‘The pod is flattened, oblong or broadly linear, its valves separating at maturity. ‘The few or several seeds are white, red, or brown. The generic name is an aboriginal one in the South Sea Islands. The bay bean, called ‘‘Mato de la playa’’ in Cuba and Porto Rico, inhabits sea beaches and coastal rocks nearly throughout tropical America, extending north to southern Florida and to Bermuda Our illustration is reproduced from a painting of a vine on the sea- r blunt, the base sometimes broadly wedge-shaped. The clusters of a N. L. BRITTON. , EXPLANATION OF PLATE, Fig. 1.—A piece of the vine in flower. Fig. 2.—A egumc, ik : 7 fy Bh Fire rang beeen AFR wy ca gs eee .. line a a ee pe Re ait Pasi. See Stee AE page ee. oS Pa Sie ive a ar “ oe ae PLATE 408 ADDISONIA a \ FW: Hoy nc AGALINIS FASCICULATA ADDISONIA 47 (Plate 408) AGALINIS FASCICULATA Rough-stemmed Agalinis Native of the southeastern states and West Indies Gerardia fasciculata Ell, Bot. S.C. & Ga. 2: 115. 1824. Gerardia domingensis Spreng. Syst. ie: 5 = be 1825 Agalinis fasciculata Raf. New FI. Am. 1837, The rough-stemmed agalinis in habit, in flowers, and in fruit closely resembles the purple agalinis, Aga/inis purpurea L,., so wide- spread through the eastern United States. The flower is as beautiful as in that species, the corolla as superbly modeled and colored, its purple lobes spreading and the throat exquisitely marked with two yellow lines and deep purple spots. From A. purpurea it differs in that the stem is densely beset with short, stiff, wide-based, as- cending hairs and that there are clusters of leaves developed in the axils of the main stem-leaves. These leaf-clusters, or fascicles (whence the specific name, ‘‘/asciculata’’), are formed by side branches, each of which grows only far enough to produce a number of leaves. In this way the green, photosynthetic surface of the plant, concerned with the manufacture of starch, is greatly increased with only a slight addition of stem-structure. As compared with 4. Purpurea, our species is a plant of usually poorer soils, bare sand or clay or frequently old fields, rather than low meadows. More than any of our other “‘purple foxgloves’’ it springs up in fields aban- doned from cultivation, and perhaps this weed-like tendency ac- counts in part for the plant’s singularly irregular distribution. Through Louisiana and lower Texas it is plentiful, and it pene- trates inland across Arkansas and Oklahoma to southern Missouri; in Mississippi and Alabama, however, it is present only in the im- mediate vicinity of the Gulf coast; while eastward through Georgia and South Carolina it occupies the entire width of the Coastal Plain and extends southward to the tip of the Florida peninsula. An outlying station in southeastern Virginia may be due to introduc- tion by human agency, but the dispersion in the West Indies seems more difficult to explain. Here, skipping Cuba, the plant recurs in Hispaniola and Porto Rico. In southern Florida and in the mountains of Santo Domingo more glabrous states are prevalent, in which also the axillary leaf-clusters are smaller and usually shorter than the stem-leaves. Such, indeed, seems to be the condition in the specimen here figured, which is from a hillside between Las 48 ADDISONIA Cruces and Cidra, Porto Rico, where it was painted by Mrs. F. W. Horne, March 29, 1927. Agalinis fasciculata is an annual herb that ce be filackestd in dry- ing. The stem is two to four feet tall, much , and usually very scabrous. ‘The leaves are opposite and ae poy are scabrous on the upper surface. In its typical and wide-ranging state, the axillary fascicles are abundantly developed, and usually nearly or quite equal the length of the subtending leaves. The flowers are racemosely disposed, their pedicels being short, only an eighth to a quarter of aninch long. ‘The calyx-lobes are shorter than the calyx- tube, being less than an eighth of an inch long and acuminate. .The corolla varies from an inch to an inch and a half long; its lobes are all spreading and the two posterior are loosely ean over. the entire width of their bases; its color is pink, with two yellow lines and many diffused red- -purple spots within the throat on the anterior side. The filaments and anthers are lanose with white hairs, and each anther-cell is acute to poe cuspidate at base. he capsule is a fifth to a quarter of an inch long and nearly globose. are minute (rather smaller than in A. purpurea), and the seed-coat is marked with black or blackish firm reticulations. FRaANcIS W. PENNELL. seta mea etm i cclin,, . Jes ADDISONIA 409 PLATE TILLANDSIA TRICOLOR ADDISONIA 49 (Plate 409) TILLANDSIA TRICOLOR Three-colored Tillandsia Native of Mexico Family BROMELIACEAE PINEAPPLE Family Tillandsia tricolor Cham. & Schlecht. Linnaea 5: 45, 1831, The genus 77//andsia was established by Linnaeus, and contains considerably more than three hundred species. ‘The species are all native of the Americas, and are found chiefly in the tropics, but a few reach Texas and Florida and one or two as far north as southern Georgia. They are mostly epiphytic plants, growing chiefly in trees, and are usually called air-plants. Some of them are very showy. Many species have been in cultivation, but as a rule they do not survive long under greenhouse conditions. The plant here illustrated is apparently the specimen obtained by J. N. Rose near Jalapa, Mexico, in 1901 (zo. 6122). It flowered in Washington several times and was then sent on to the New York Botanical Garden, where it flowered in March, 1927, and at that time our illustration was made. We havereferred our plant to 77//andsia tricolor, a near relative of 7. fasciculata. ‘The latter species is a native of the West Indies, but has been foundin Florida. Our plant is from eastern Mexico and comes from the type locality of 7. éri- color. The three-colored tillandsia has leaves in dense rosettes of twenty to fifty, ensiform, long-acuminate, one and five tenths to two feet d; are often longer than the leaves, bright red, and surrounded by im- bricate bracts. The flowering ‘spikes are four to ten, eacile, two © six inches long, the closely imbricate bractlets green, the clothed with white lepidote scales. The lilac petals are nearly tw inches long. ‘The filaments are bilobed. ‘The style isa little cl than the filaments J. N. ROSE. EXPLANATION OF PLATE. Fig. 1. Mee of plant, much reduced. i 2.—Top of flowering see am 3.—Leaf. 4.—Sepal. Fig. 5.—Petal. Fig. 6 carecaeciass and gynoe PLATE 410 ADDISONIA RIVINA HUMILIS wee ee ee Se ee Se, ADDISONIA 51 (Plate 410) RIVINA HUMILIS Bloodberry Native of tropical and subtropical regions Family PETIVERIACEAE POKEWEED Family Rivina humilis ¥,. ea Pl. i2k.. 2753. 7 kivina viridifiora Bello. pee Soc. “Heb. Hist. Nat. ‘i: 105. 1883. Bloodberry, so called by the natives of the island of Jamaica on account of its red fruit, is widely distributed in Florida, Texas, the West Indies, continental tropical America, and Old World tropics. It is known tothe Bahamans as wild tomato. This name, however, is rather misleading, as neither plant nor fruit bears much resem- blance to common garden tomato. Rivina has many relatives scattered throughout the tropics and a few in temperateregions. One of these is the poke or pigeon-berry, which grows abundantly in waste places and along roadsides in many parts of the United States. "The young shoots of the poke are eaten like asparagus, while the root is poisonous and is used medicinally. The scientific name Aiviza was proposed by Plumier for this genus in 1703 in honor of Augustus Quirinus Rivinus, an author of impor- tant botanical works. ‘The accompanying illustration was made by Miss Mary E. Eaton from a plant grown from seed collected in Cuba by Dr. N. L. Britton and Mr. J. F. Cowell in 1911. Rivina humilis is an erect herb twelve to twenty inches or more in height, sometimes woody at the base. The leaves are alternate. The leaf-blades, which vary from ovate to oblong or lanceolate, are often three to three and one half inches long. ‘They are membra- aninch ormore long. ‘The flowers ¢ are small and perfect, and borne on slender pedicels in axillary or terminal racemes four to six inches or more in length. The four Shtunieaicate ag are erect in fruit, and pinkish, greenish, or purplish. ey are less than one tenth of aninchlong. ‘The four stamens are shorter relia the sepals, the filaments filiform, the anthers cordate at the base. The ovary is one-celled, the short style sometimes curved, the stigma capitate. The oe like fruit is red or yellowish and only one fifth of an inch in diameter Percy WILSON. EXPLANATION OF PLratE. Fig. 1.—Summit of flowering plant. Fig. 2.—Flower, x4, Fig, 3.—Pis til, x 8. PLATE 411 GAULTHERIA PROCUMBENS ADDISONIA ADDISONIA 53 (Plate 411) GAULTHERIA PROCUMBENS Wintergreen Native of northeastern North America Family ERICACEAE HEATH Family Gaultheria procumbens L,. Sp. Pl. 395. 1753. Surely everyone in the eastern United States is familiar with wintergreen, either by odor or from a knowledge of the plant itself. How many times have we gone into the woods in early winter or spring to gather the berries to eat for their spicy, aromatic flavor, or their leaves for tea, or more often, for distilling their oil for ap- plication to parts of the body affected with rheumatism or other similar aches and pains. It is indeed strange that the tiny evergreen shrub here figured should be the storehouse for the same essential oil as that stored in the sweet or black birch (Betula lenta), but both alike give up upon distillation an oil similar in all respects except boiling point, the difference there being only a slight one. Our use of poultices made of the leaves of this plant or of its dis- tilled oil has been handed down to us by the Indians, who put it to a similar use. ‘The berries or the oil are also used as a flavoring agent in candies and chewing gum and to conceal the unpleasant taste of some medicines. In places where it is plentiful, the berries are sometimes seen in baskets on market-stands; but much more often it is sought out in its native haunts by those who would make use of its tonic proper- ties, or inhale its spicy fragrance. Its berries also furnish a favorite winter food for deer, grouse, and partridge, which often paw or scratch through the snow in search of its crop of dainties. When growing naturally it forms an attractive sight, covering woodland stretches with its carpets of dark green, glossy leaves, sprinkled in winter with the numerous red berries, or in midsummer with its white, barrel-shaped flowers. The natural range of the plant is from Newfoundland to Manitoba, and south to the mountains of Alabama and Georgia. It is equally at home in all types of woods, though it is said to prefer evergreen ones, and grows in greater profusion in damp rocky places than in dry ones. It would be a desirable plant for an evergreen ground cover where its natural habitat could be imitated, and if undisturbed, propagates freely, both by seed and by its underground stems. 54 ADDISONIA The name Gazltheria is in honor of Hugues Gaultier, naturalist and court-physician at Quebec in the middle of the eighteenth century. Wintergreen is an evergreen, trailing shrub, with its main stem underground, covered with a thin, easily detached, red-brown bark. The upright leafy and flowering branches are from two to six inches tall, pubescent above and usually reddened. ‘The ai are glabrous the summit of the stem, one to oe anda ee long. h broadly elliptic blades are dark green bak: ea beneath, cori- aceous, obtuse or acute, serrate a9 bristle- a ae teeth on the upper half, usually entire below The flowers are borne one in the axil of each leaf, on slender red, nodding, pubescent pedicels. Each flower is subtende d by two broadly ees ciliate bracts, which are closely appressed to the calyx and persist in fruit. Th e calyx is white, consisting of five broadly ovate, ciliate, acute sepals, the lobes longer t than the tube; in fruit the calyx becomes enlarged and fleshy, forming the familiar red berry (rarely white), but in the broadly open end the real capsule may beseen. ‘The corolla is white, barrel- side, villous within, with five small, reflexed lobes. The androecium consists of ten included stamens fastened at the base of the corolla- tube. The filaments are white and villous, broadened towards the base. The anthers are bright yellow, two-celled, each cell with an apical pore, but extending beyond the pore into two long awn-like bodies. ‘The ovary is glabrous, sa ty within a ten-lobed disk, five- celled, the ovules numerous in each cell. The style is slender and columnar; the stigma a mere ces tip. ‘The fruit isa depressed five-valved and five-lobed capsule, enclosed within the accrescent hypanthium and calyx, which forms a bright red, subglobose berry three eighths to one half an inch in diameter, which if not picked, persists on the stem until it rots and the seeds are scattere EDWARD J. ALEXANDER. LANATION OF PLATE. Fig. 1 oe ek Fig. 2.—Corolla, laid open to show stamens, X 2. shank 3.—Stamen, X 4. 4.—Calyx and gynoecium, X 2. ig. 5.—Fruiting brane a a gee roe PLATE 412 < JASMINUM HUMILE ADDISONIA ADDISONIA 55 (Plate 412) JASMINUM HUMILE Italian Jasmine Flimalayan region Family OLEACEAE OLIVE Family Jasminum humile ¥,. Sp. P. Jasminum revolutum aly Mog. pl. 1731. 1815. Jasminum Wallichiauwm Lindl Bot, Reg. 17: pi. 7409. 1831. The jessamine of poetry, the Persian Jasminum officinale, repre- sents, with Jasminum azoricum from the Canary Isles, and /. grandi- florum, the Spanish jasmine, the white-flowered jasmine vines with compound leaves. The ancient Arabian jasmine, Jasminum Sambac, is the best known garden form of the simple-leaved white-flowered group. The subject of PLATE 412 typifies the yellow-flowered vines, and our shrub collections contain two species, almost hardy here, Jasminum nudiflorum and_/. primulinum, which produce forsythia- like flowers in late winter or early spring. The newest garden jasmine is the pink Chinese rosy jasmine. None of these are related to the Cape jasmine, which is Gardenia, the boutonniere flower. Our fragrant native Gelsemium sempervirens is called Carolina yellow jasmine. ‘The two of most ancient history are those with scented flowers used by the Chinese to flavor tea; Ye-si-min, Jasminum officinale, and Mo-li, Jasminum Sambac. These were taken to China from Persia and vicinity perhaps before the seventh century. The Italian jasmine can be cultivated outdoors in subtropical climes, in our southeastern States, and in any cool greenhouse north- ward. Propagation is effected by means of cuttings or seeds. The common name used here is derived from the first importations of the plant from Italian gardens into England. Tradescant was one of the first gardeners to grow this vinein England. The form with three leaflets was most common, another with five has been long in gardens, and other variations of apparently the same Himalayan species are noted in literature. On one vine grown here one may find three-, five- and seven-divided leaves. Jasminum humileis a climbing shrub, with angled glal bearing alternate, compound leaves. The leaflets, on chann eled , : 56 ADDISONIA and from one half to one inch wide. ‘The rich yellow, fragrant flowers are in loose, few-flowered clusters. Each flower is less than one inch long, with smooth, somewhat five-angled and five-lobed calyx, the calyx-lobes short, triangular and ciliate. The corolla- tube is three fourths of an inch long, slightly curved, the oblique limb about one half an inch across, with five spreading imbricate rounded lobes. e two stamens are attached by short flat filaments in the ee of the corolla-tube, and the style is slender, with two lobed stigmas. ‘The fruit consists of two small round jet black berries. KENNETH R. BOYNTON. XPLANATION OF PLATE. Fig. 1.—Section of stem, with leavesand flowers. Fig 2.—Flower, corolla (and stamens) removed, X 2. Fig. 3.—Cluster of fruit. Mee Se PLATE 413 ADDISONIA MALUS MICROMALUS ADDISONIA 57 (Plate 413) MALUS MICROMALUS Kaido Apple Hybrid Family MALACEAE APPLE Family Malus micromalus Mak. Bot. ban Rapes i 22: meee Fires spectabilis micromalus dz. Consp. ee J bog Ss micromalus 1,. H. oa a Stand. Cycl. Hort. 2873. i516, 5. great many fruit trees cultivated for their blossoms as well as for fruit are hybrids, and the Kaido apple is such a tree. It is re- garded as the hybrid probably of Malus spectabilis, the Chinese flowering apple, and Malus baccata, the Siberian crab, or possibly Malus floribunda, the flowering crab. This fact is suggested in some of the names assigned to this plant by authors who have preferred to consider it as a variety of I. sfectabilis, which is regarded as most certainly one of the parents. It is distinguished from this ‘prototype by its narrower leaves which taper gradually at the base into a slender petiole, as well as by tomentose pedicels and calices and a subglobose fruit depressed at both base and apex. Thecalyx may also distinguish this species through its occasional absence on the fruit. In all events, the Kaido apple originated in China, was introduced into cultivation in Japan, and eventually was brought to this country in 1865. Its red flowers, calices, and pedicels make this tree a very ornamental plant which readily lends itself because of its low stature to compact border planting. An added attraction is that the many little fruits borne by the tree are retained well into the winter or even all winter. aido apple is a small tree of upright habit, with young branchlets pubescent, soon becoming glabrous. The ‘leaves are el- ture, The flowers are pink, less than two inches across, with a lous calyx-tube on slightly pubescent pedicels. The fruit is distin- guished by a cavity at both base and apex. : Epmunp H. FUL.inc. EXPLANATION OF PLaTE. Fig. 1.—Flowering branch. Fig. 2.—Fruiting branch. PLATE 414 RHIPSALIS NEVES-ARMONDI ADDISONIA — ADDISONIA 59 (Plate 414) RHIPSALIS NEVES-ARMONDII Neves-Armond’s Mistletoe-cactus Native of eastern Brazil Family CACTACEAE Cactus Family Rhipsatis Neves-Armondii K. Schumann, in Mart. Fl. Bras. 42: 284. 1890. The genus Rhipsalis was established by Gaertner in 1788. Taken in its broad sense, Rhipsalis differs from most of the other Cactus- genera in the fact that the plants often grow in a moist climate. Indeed, the region in which there are the most species, central zil, is one of the wettest parts of the continent. In order to get xerophytic conditions, so essential for most Cacti, they grow chiefly on trees, the bark furnishing an ideal substratum. ‘The genus in the second largest in the Cactus family, being exceeded only by Ofuntia. More than 160 species and an indefinite number of vari- eties have been described. Britton & Rose in their restricted treat- ment of the genus recognize but 57 species. Even in their treatment the genus has a wide variation, especially in its stem-structure. Like the genus Ofuntia it has two well-marked forms, one in which the stems are terete and the other in which the stems are flattened The species are most abundant in eastern tropical South America, but extend southward into Argentina and northward into southern Mexico and the West Indies. The plant here illustrated was sent by P. Campos Porto from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and flowered in the New York Botanical Garden in 1923. The painting of the fruit was made in March, 1927. The stems of Neves-Armond’s mistletoe-cactus are slender, elon- gate, terete, and deep green, the branches are in apt ner usually short The flowers, ieee near the tips of the branches, are white to cream-colored, nearly one inch broad; the petals are widely ie stigma-lobes are white; the ovary is sunken in the branch. The brown. J. N. ROSE. EXPLANATION OF PLaTE. Fig. 1.—Flowering branch. Fig. 2.—Fruiting branch. PLATE 415 VIBURNUM RUFIDULUM ADDISONIA —_ ADDISONIA 61 (Plate 415) VIBURNUM RUFIDULUM Southern Black Haw Southeastern United States Family CAPRIFOLIACEAE HONEYSUCKLE Family Viburnum rufidulum Raf, Alsog. Am. 56. a Viburnum prunifolium ferrugineum T. & G. F Am, 2: 15. 1841. Viburnum rufotomentosum Small, Bull. Torey: chub 23: 410. 1896, There are about thirty species of viburnums in the collections of the New York Botanical Garden, where they may be found in almost every portion of the grounds. ‘The highbush cranberry, Viburnum Opulus, is to be seen at its best along the wall adjoining Fordham University, near the Garden’s entrance. Along the same walk and in the Fruticetum are excellent specimens, some now 30 years old, of the bright-red-berried Thunberg viburnum. ‘The black haw forms thickets of flowering and fruiting small trees throughout the park, Siebold’s species and the Japanese snowball are planted for decora- tion near bridges and roads, and in the undergrowth of our Hem- lock Grove and on the banks of the Bronx river may be found the maple-leaved viburnum and the doublefile viburnum, the latter be- coming increasingly prevalent due to the scattering of the seeds by the birds. In the conservatories may be found the laurustinus, the fragrant viburnum, and other species not just hardy in our region. The newer species, about ten, are represented by young plants in our nurseries. A discussion of the genus Vzéurvnum will be found in ADDISONIA, volume 4, page 55, and volume 5, page 1; the latter reference being to the beautiful Thunberg viburnum. Several others have been illustrated in this periodical. The southern black haw varies in cultivation, the brown-tomentose condition of the buds and petioles of the leaves, so noticeable in specimens of plants at home in various states, being present only in the bud-scales and the petioles of the first leaves of the new spring shoots. Petioles of subsequent leaves are smooth, and the leaf-blades vary in shape, the first pair of the shoot being rounded at the apices, the remainder, especially the leaves which mature at fruiting time, longer, narrower, and pointed. A plant of this type, received from the famous Biltmore, North Carolina, collection in 1900, was used for our illustration. The southern black haw is an upright shrub or small tree, bear- ing flowers and fruit in broad cymes. The branches are scurfy when 62 ADDISONIA young, often smooth when older. ‘The leaves are opposite, the stalks about one half inch long, the blades obovate to narrowy oval or elliptic in outline, obtuse or at times acute, pubescent or when old nearly glabrous, their margins with shallow teeth, and the peti- oles winged but not wavy. ‘The flowers are in broad, flat cymes, the flower-stalks pubescent. The corollas are white, about one quarter of an inch across; the stamens long, the anthers prominent. The fruit-stalks are smooth; ny fruits blue- ack elliptic or oblong, three fourths to one inch long, on branches and pedicels of bright red color, each fruit beaten an ovoid flattened seed. KENNETH R. BOYNTON. EXPLANATION OF PLATE. Fig. 1.—Flowering branch. Fig. 2._Flower, X 2. Fig. 3.—Fruiting branch. PLATE 416 MORAEA IRIDIOIDES ADDISONIA ADDISONIA 63 (Plate 416) MORAEA IRIDIOIDES Cape White Iris Native of South Africa Family IRIDACEAE | ' Irts Family Moraea oe ce Mant. 28. Dietes catenulata Klatt, Linnaea 34: The genus J/oraea represents the iris of the Southern Hemisphere. In Africa and Australia, where various species are found, the flower is called iris by the settlers, who have at the same time some of the true iris forms in their gardens. ‘The most familiar and beautiful Moraea is that called the wedding iris, an Australian flower which grows in company with the New Zealand flax in the Central Display House, Range No. 2, New York Botanical Garden. The flower closely resembles an iris, and the plant also; the root- stock is slender and short, bearing regularly placed equitant rows of rigid leaves. It is propagated from young plants produced at the end of long slender flowering-shoots, by cutting up the rhizomes, or by seeds which are abundantly formed. Plants may be grown in pots, in under benches, or in greenhouse rockeries, where they thrive as well as the related J/avica. Many specimens have flowered in the conservatories of the New York Botanical Garden, the illus- tration herewith presented being made from young plants growing at the Propagating House, derived from seed sent from La Mortola, the famous Italian Riviera garden, in 1924. The Cape white iris is an herb with short, slender rhizomes and linear leaves and slender rigid flower-scapes. Each rhizome bear. white, with orange-yellow spots on the three larger perianth- seg- ments, and bluish style-branches. The three inner perianth-seg- ments are oval wedge-shaped, about an inch long; the three outer m The filaments are somewhat united at the base, and each bears a a 64 ADDISONIA lance-shaped orange anther. ‘The style is eae bes three petal- like branches, each with a two-lobed Stee in the “ee The cap- sule is 0 oblong, about one inch long, t see? ded, e of three cells containing one row of many closely packed, black, ees rounded seeds. KENNETH R. BOYNTON. EXPLANATION OF PLATE. —Top of flowering plant. sg 2.—Sepal. Fig. 3.— Petal. Fig. 4. S aaieie — 5.—Gynoecium. Fig.6.—Pod. Fig.7.—Seed. INDEX Bold-face type is used for the Latin names of plants illustrated; sMALL CAP- ITALS for Latin names of families illustrated and for the names of the authors of the text; italics for other Latin names, including synonym Abama montana, 16 cacia angustifolia, 37 peregrina, 37 Agalinis, Rough-stemmed, 47 alinis fasciculata, Bel plate 408 purpurea, gr orm ae JOHNSTON: ultheria procumbens, 53; Melia Agena h, ALISMACEAE: Sagittaria lancifolia, pl. 406 Angelon, es Angelonia, magurtirolte lica: vinefolia, ing poate 396 Seni cirrhatu Apple, Chinese Flowering, 57 , 57 bigate Suey » OF RACEAE: "Sancadeshita aethiopica, lL. 399 ARISTOLOCHIACEAE: pl. $95 FAGACEAE: Quercus serrata, pl. 397 Figwort family, 23, 47 Blue, 5, 9, 11, 13, 15, 16 Red, 1 Wine-colored, y : , 3 Flax, Nes Zealand, 19, 63 LLING, EDMUND Henry: Malus micromalus, 57 Gardenia, er Gaultheria, 5 etl a 53, plate 411 Gelsemium sempervirens, 55 Gerardia domingensis, 47 fasciculata, 47 Ginger, Wild, 27 Haw, Southern a 61 Heath family, 5 ADDISONIA Hediondilla, 41 HOLLICcK, as ARTHUR: Quercus Séi ie Holy-tr : pina ke ws 61 Hymenocallis, 6, —— 35 naria, 35 Eggersiana, 35 Steudelit. TRIDACEAE: So a pl. 389; Tris Py ngs: pl. 888; Iris prismatica, pl. 892; Tris Pseudacorus, pl. 886; Tris riolars, pl. Iris Shrevel, pl. 891; Iris tripetala, pl. 887; Tris vnicolo , pl. 885; Moraea iridioides, pl. 2 8, Cape White, 63 Violet, 5 Wedding, 19, 63 ris carolina, 11, 16 cuprea, flexicaulis, 9, plate 389 foliosa, 9, 1 va, 7, plate 388 hecagona, 5, 9, 13 lutea, 3 3 prismatica, 1, plate 392 Pseudacorus, 3, plate 386 rivularis, = » plate 390 orientalis, 3 palustris savannaru te i 3 Shrevei, 18 plate 391 Labiocinae aig ve . plate 387 verna, die A 5, 9, 16 _— “oh ts: viet 385 vin Tris pera i, ;. 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 63 Jasmine, 55 oe 55 Cape, Carofina Yellow, 55 azorieum, 55 grandifiorum, 55 ' | ADDISONIA humile, 55, plate 412 nudifiorum, 55 fiicinale. Wallichianwm, 55 Jessamine, 55 Khaya, 17 pesto, Beg Lau ; 61 Lilac, 1 sane n, 18 LILIACEAE: SiGuiigllien cirrhatum, apie oys a 17 age Malus micromalus, pl. Mains phot ae eda micr malas, 57, plate 413 peer spectabilis cronies 57 Marica, 63 oon ed - = playa, 45 par ao plate MELIACEAE: Melia & relent pl. 393 Mentha, 13 Mimosa peregrina, 37 Mimosa family, 37 MIMosSACEAE: Niopa peregrina, pl. Mistletoe-cactus, Neves-Armond’s, 59 Mo-li, 5 -li, 55 Moraea, 63 ratios a, 63 63, aa 416 Morning. Soe amily, 3 Myrica Niopa, 37 peregrina, 37, plate 403 = escinges am ocd EAE: Jasminum ade pl. 412 Otive family, 55 Opu / oo Opine | family, 31 Paternosterbaum, 18 Pea family, 21, vi 45 oe ELL, FRanct HITTIER: Aga- ss 47 Permax lilae, PETIVERIACE Rivina humilis, pl. Phormiwm tenaz, 19 glabra, 51 tomentosa, 51 Pigeon-berry 51 Pineapple sire 4 49 Pifion espin Piptadenia eatigttid, 37 Poke, Pokeweed family, 51 Pride of India, 18 TUNUS cwneata, 16 Pyrus micromalus, 57 retin 35 Quercus, serrata, 25, plate 397 Red- bat, ." i Rhipsalis, Neve roeomersoge A 59, plate 414 Richardia aprons, 9 vina, humilis, 51, plate 410 laevis, 51 portulaccoides, 51 ridifiora, 51 Robinia florida, 21 3 Rost, JOSEPH NELSON: Dudleya albi- flora, Sees Rhipsalis Neves-Armondii, 59: andsia tricolor, 49 Ross, Joszra ee and BriTTon, Nat amaefis pce 41; "Fine peregrina, 37 Sabal A eae 1 Sabinea, vortaalie, 21 florida, 21 punicea, 21, plate 395 sage 43 cifolia, 43, plate 406 PRE ri rubra, 16 Rosamntaarenie Agalinis fascicu- lata, pl. pont nae salicariae- ; Iris Pseudacorus, 3; Iris rar “hi; Iris Shreve, 13; Tris etala, ; Iris vinicolor, 1 Sua aecelex 15 Snowball, J 61 Stahlia, 3 scien 33 enor 33, plate 401 Svida obliqua, 1 68 . ADDISONIA Tillandsia, Three-colored, 49 Violeta, 23 certo sia, ani & Violet-Iris, 5 a hate 49, plate OD. son Water-plantain family, 43 Tenator Wild, 51 ve = Wild-Ginger, 27 ¢ Saas ‘WILSoN, Percy: Asarum canadens Umbrelia-tree, 18 27; Rivina hii, 51; Gigttiarte sees < Fe lancifolia, 43 Viburnum, 6f : Wintergreen, 53 vrgrent 61 “ ragran es Mapleeved, 61 Se Yolo tg * Cabammine “ei” : a i : Opulus, 61 Zantedeschia, aa prunifotnm ferruginewm, @ 45 aethiopica, 29, plate. 399 ulum, 61, plate 415 - Elliottiana, 29 rafotomentostn, ‘ Rehmannt, 29