ote. Badia _— ME Withers. del. He Me, %, Sat ee. SS as 2)" ete Le OF TENDER AND HARDY Wirt = * rreFeped a h eomre Mail oid My maehagae nitig Gogh CONDUCTED BY B.MAUND F-1L.S, a0 : ASsreYsp AY THE REV? J. - askew Mohs Flee ee a PR mates In ne Gmerens SsiTY a PUBLISHED BY R.GROOMBRIDCE, PATERNOSTER ROW; “ar ~ packce se a aiken Geis plants, 2 * Y see plion a) a" Viputar Z | THE BOTANIST ACCURATELY COLOURED FIGURES, ORNAMENTAL PLANTS; WITH DESCRIPTIONS, SCIENTIFIC AND POPULAR; INTENDED TO CONVEY H MORAL AND INTELLECTUAL GRATIFICATION. CONDUCTED BY B. MAUND, F.L.S. BY THE REV. J.S. HENSLOW, M.A. F.L.S. &c. &e. BOTANY IN THE UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE. oe [J “The World seems to have discovered that pepe Sonne hich Infinite Wisdom has deigned to tate itself ¢ ec angela ing, be unworthy of any of its creature: Sin. J. E. Surrn. Mo. ‘Bot. Ga de sos. DON: é avnkess BY R. GROOMBRIDGE, P. PATERNOSTER ROW : W. WHITE AND CO. apes 3 ROBERTSON AND CO. DUBLIN; M.G ALIGNANS, PARIS ; AUMAN AND CO. BRUSSELS}; AND J JACKSON, NEW YORK, PREFACE. HIs is not the age in which it i 'y to offer a laboured defence in favour of any particular branch of Natural Science, much less to point out the pecu- liar claims which the Study of Botany possesses on general attention. If one source of human happiness may be clearly allowed to flow from the proper em- ployment of our time, then has Paley rightly observed, that “Any engagement which is innocent is better than none—even the ee of a cucumber or a tu- +1 41 ; ym 4 lip. » But h and all in the wae pursuits of Horticulture, which sinias: fail to excercise a salu- tary effect upon the mind. The beneficent intentions of Providence are no- where more clearly to be understood than in the =~ testimonies of een i: +h and wisdom shown us by the great C fest design exhibited in the organic structures of different saat and few who employ their leisure in the delightful recreation which the culture of flowers affords, can fail of experiencing the effects which a more intimate ac- quaintance with the works of God are calculated to produce upon the minds of his intelligent creatures. But still whatever be the degree of satisfaction which naturally flows from these sources, it may always be greatly enhanced by the superaddition of some portion of scientific acquirement. However pleasing to the eye the curious structure and exquisite colouring of a flower may be,we can feel nothing of that still higher interest which flows from the possession (how- ever imperfect) of some degree of knowledge respecting the relation which each OE species bears to others in the ee scheme of nature. Infinite ity of form, and strange diiaaplextty of structure, that all should, nevertheless, be referable to a few gen- eral types, still further connected by certain simple laws regulating the arrange- ment of the subordinate parts according to fixed principles. as ii If together with a knowledge of the general structure of plants, and the me- thod of grouping them a the easels will ee some degree . of information respecting their physiol be given to the most trifling vhetations of horticnlsniie, far beyond ayes which an empirical rule, the result of practice and experience, can possibly sup- ply. He may then connect a series of well-directed experiment or observation with the commonest routine of garden culture, and may soon lay up a store of facts calculated to establish or refute many of the uncertain points in vegetable physiology. It is true that greater care and diligence are necessary for con- ducting most experiments than Florists are generally inclined to bestow, but even without entertaining any such object, a knowledge of those laws of vegeta- tion which are already well established, must necessarily increase the intellec- tual enjoyments to any one who is attached to gardening pursuits. We will venture yet further, and attempt to uphold another important claim — which our favourite pursuit possesses upon the general attention. To a mind impressed with the belief in the infinite wisdom and goodness of the Creator, Botany affords a perpetual source of the very highest description of mental gra- tification, in the never-ending proofs it unfolds of an all-pervading intelli- gence—in the numberless examples it affords of those marvellous contrivances by which means are palpably employed to secure an end—in the striking in- stances it exhibits of that universal harmony which prevails between the works of God, and of the muiual dependance in which one part of the Creation sub. sists with respect to another. These claims have long been acknowledged, and the pious and excellent Joha Ray, the father of the modern school of Botanists, in his work on the Creation, has offered convincing arguments in support of them, derived from the resources at his command more than two hundred years ago. Since his day our science has assumed a new garb—almost innumerable treasures have been pouring in upon us from every quarter of the globe, and physiological, geographical, and fossil, botany are departments of very recent birth. If he then could derive arguments in favour of Diyine Wisdom and Goodness, from a contemplation of the comparatively scanty materials in his pos- session at the period when he was running his earthly career of humility and usefulness, we ought not to be backward in avowing and proclaiming the same lesson, with our improved demonstration of its truth, now that so much deeper insight has been obtained into the general scheme of nature. Impressed with these convictions, the Conductor of the Botanist considered that a publication of the description which he has h jected, and of which iii the first volume is now completed, would not be unacceptable in the present condition of the public mind. It seemed to him that there was no work which precisely combined accurate scientific instruction, with an occasional appeal to the imagination, and to the moral and religious feelings. The manner in which he has attempted this has been chiefly by noticing such physiological phenomena as the plant under description seemed naturally to force upon the attention; for nothing is so sels to aes us with a deep sense of ee in the contrivance,as th ity of th lts obtained b its instrumentality. In the ped of life we give credit to the mechanic in pro- portion as he constructs a machine which performs its work with accuracy and precision ; and so as we extend our knowledge of the various functions of vege- tation, all of them the consequences of that mysterious vital action which is the common moving power to all machinery of organized beings, our wonder and admiration increases. As auxiliaries te his cause the Conductor has intersper- sed quotations from those poets and other authors, who have alluded to objects of Natural History in their writings. There are other Botanical periodicals of long established reputation, conducted by individuals of the highest scientific merit as Botanists, but their pages are devoted, almost exclusively, to systema- tic details, and seldom admit any reference to more general views and specula- tions. There are other works professing the same object, but of inferior?repu- tation, and to which we are unwilling to refer in terms of dispraise. The posi- tion in which we have endeavoured to place the Boranist with respect to other periodicals of the same class, is one in which it is presumed that it cannot be considered to interfere with the peculiar claims of any. As regards the execu- tion of the plates and the ee of their spre we will venture to assert o e + before the public. We hope too that ae a gk i a that the Boranisr will stand ad ison with work now less acctrate and valuable for the use of the proficient hissed, than those in -works of an exclusively scientific character, at the same time as such descrip- tions are made explicit, by translations, to the merely English reader. We have also endeavoured so to classify our miscellaneous information as to give to it uniformity of arrangement and facility of reference. Further, we claim for ourselves the peculiarity of attempting to assist the less scientific reader by the introduction of numerous wood cuts which accompany the letter-press, whereby some of the prominent features of both the natural and artificial sys- tems are continually kept under the eye of the reader, and will be rendered fa- miliar to him without application for that particular purpose. The Guipe or iv General Introduction to the Science of Botany, and the Dictionary, form sep- arate Treatises apart from the body of the work, and we trust they will contri- bute in no inconsiderable degree to its general usefulness. The Conductor most gratefully acknowledges the many obligations under which he has been already placed, by the condescension and liberality of several noble patrons, as well as by the assistance which he has received from some of the most distinguished public and private botanical establishments in Great Britain. » It would have — more — to him to have given expression to his feelings by in which he has been obliged, but to mention all would hho been Gives, and to make any selection invidi- ous. The pages of the Boranist have already borne testimony to some of the valuable assistance which has been supplied ; and he would add, in conclusion, that he is deeply sensible how greatly these marks of favour haye increased the claims on his best exertions. INDEX TO THE FIRST VOLUME OF THE BOTANIST., Systematic Name. English Name. No. Acacia pubescens, ............Pubescent Acacia, ....: 48 — ~ Anemone vitifolia, Vine-leaved Anemone, .......... 9> Aristolochia trifida, Trifid Birthwort, 3 Berberis dulcis, ..............Sweet-fruited Berberry,..........42 ~~ Brodixa grandiflora,..........Large-flowered Brodiwa, ........35 ~— Brugmansia sanguinea, ......Blood-coloured Brugmansia, ....29— Cactus speciosus, ‘ Showy brick-red Cactus, ........12 Ceanothus collinus, ..........Ceanothus of the hills, ..........16— Calochortus venustus, ........Graceful Calochortus, .,........30°— Clerodendron squamatum, ....Scaly Clerodendron, ......... +o ld — Clianthus puniceus, Crimson Clianthus, or Glory Pea, 44 ~~ Crinum Capense, Cape of Good Hope Crinum, ....39-— Cytisus laburno-purpureus, .. Ba Teghae Laburnum, ce ats Delphinium tenuissimum, ler Delphinium, = eases Dendrobium moschatum,......Musk-scented Pewvdisbian, osesssut = ~~ Dendrobium pulchellum, ......Showy Dendrobium, ............ 5 ™ Dianthus ferruginens, Rusty Pink, 2 Echeveria 10sa, cei iis towered Echeveria,....11 — Fnkianthus retclats, voedeeNeted Pnkianthts, ....ss.ccee0. 1 cuspidatus, ......Pointed-leaved Wns ae 4 Erio painter splendens, Splendid Euphorb eS ee Galphimia glauca,. iibeieieemmoes. leaved mine woo Gesnera eed socvcsseee es Drck-coloured Gesnera, (.6556..536 “— multiflora, ....-...Many-flow Gardoquia, ...... 6— Geen clongata, ......---.+ Elongated Gesners, sevcceecceeedl = Gilia coronopifolia, ..........Raven-footed Gilia, ............33 ~ Hibiscus ee eae flowered Hibiscus, — Hovea Celsi, ....e0eee0e0+0+,Cels's Hovea, Systematic Name. English Name. No. Tpomea Horsfallie, ..........Mrs. Horsfall’s Ipomea, ........31— Leontice chrysogonum,........ Golden-kneed Lion’s Leal, 230.550 = — SPECIOSUM, 60... cee ees Sones iy; 45-—~ ——— }

the upper surface, “ petala subtus rufa, intus flavescentes ;” and in the present variety they show a decided tendency to become rusty purple on the outside. But there is great uncertainty in discriminating the species of Dianthus, and Sir James Smith, in the second volume of the Linnean Transactions, when endeavouring to unravel their syno- nymes, has described his attempt as having led him into the most inex- tricable botanical labyrinth he ever entered. The cause of this con- fusion we feel persuaded must have arisen from the unnecessary multiplication of species in a genus where it has been so long known that some of them at least are subject to great variation. From such a consideration we think there may be sufficient grounds for supposing that such closely allied forms as those of Dianthus carthusianorum, capitatus, and ferrugineus, (and one or two more that might be men- tioned) will ultimately prove to be only varieties of one species, as they were originally considered by Linneus. The proportionate length of the bracteal scales to the calyx, and of the pair of involucral leaves to the head of flowers, are inconstant on the same plant, and consequently very unsatisfactory marks of distinction; and we consider the greater or less degree of compactness in the heads of flowers of still less value. Willdenow’s character of the petals of ferrugineus being bifid, with the laciniz three-toothed, cannot be trusted, and might well be suspected in a genus where the laciniation of the petals of one species, Dianthus caryophyllus, are so well known to sport to a very great extent. The upper surface of the petals of Dianthus carthusianorum are more or less villose, whilst those of Dianthus capitatus have been described as smooth ; although in —— of the latter from Georgia, distributed by the Unio Itineraria, there is a distinct villosity apparent, and in our present plant also these si are covered with short glandular pubescence. INTRODUCTION ; WHERE GROWN; CuLTuRE. This Sepast novelty was exhibited last August (1836) at Bristol, to the botanical section of the British Association, by H. F. Talbot, Esq. of Laycock Abbey, Chippenham. This gentleman stated that he had received the seed from which the plant was raised a few years back from Italy. He had found it to be perfectly hardy, and to flower very freely in the open border. Italy and other parts of the south of Europe are prolific in respect to this genus, which occasioned Shaw’s allusion in the following lines. “Tn fair Italia’s bosom born, Dianthus spreads his fringed ray ; And glowing ‘mid the purpled morn, . Adds fragrance to the new-born day. Oft by some mould’ring cranial tower, Or classic stream, he loves to Where dancing nymphs, and “Sea blithe, Once listen’d to the notes of love. Sweet flower, beneath thy natal sky No fav’ring smiles thy scents invite ; To Britain’s worthier regions fly, And paint her meadows with ailgik. . It should be remembered that perfumes are held in aversion by the Italians, which circumstance has drawn from the author the above forcible remark. The Dianthus has been so universal a favourite in our gardens, and so many beautiful varieties have originated under the hand of the florist, that the difficulty of determining species will not occasion sur- prise. Phillips, in his Flora Historica, has justly said, “ England, as well as Spain, France, Germany, and most other temperate and warm climates, possess a native Pink, but to state how many of them have been changed by cultivation, and from which each peculiar variety first sprang, would be as arduous a task as to attempt to define the pa- rentage of each peculiar apple, which, like the Pink, owes its excel- lence and variety to the labours of the cultivator. And the Pink, like the apple, continues to demand the attention of man to preserve it from degenerating into its original insignificance ; for although the hand of the gardener can double and triple the petals of the Pink, he cannot render their beauties permanent, for nature seems to have allowed her works to bear a temporary improvement only, in order to create indus- trious habits in man, her most noble and finished work.” DERIVATION OF THE NAMES. aradpendeiine Atos, DIOB; Giving; Av@os, AWEROS; a weiss ; th long the beauty ie , edpecially those varieties of the Dianthus eke Ses termed carnations, picotees, and common pinks. FErrrucinevs, from the rusty purple colour of the ordinary variety. Su.rpHurevs, from the sulphur-yellow colour of the variety here figured, SyNONYMEs. Diantuus Ferrucrnevs is the only name 7% the species has borne since’ it was first given by Linneus in his Mantissa, 56. MM” Withers, del. hos Psion it se PP ote \ ia 007 EUPHORBIA SPLENDENS, SPLENDID EUPHORBIA. oR DYCOTYLEDONER. gece ~eetrgay this Pat a ht NATURAL ORDER, EUPHORBIACEA, oe 7 a Artificial divisions sea os ; to which YNTA, baccaghese. this Plant belongs on rehbaion 2 No. 23. GENUS. Evpnorsia. Luyyevs. Invotucrum andr 4.5 fiom, NUS. extus appendiculis glandulosis, eax Linnei, Necrarra Mich} Punt. PHERICI pedicelli incerti numeri, singuli cum singulis staminibus articulati. GErMey pedicellatum, centrale. Sry113,2-fidi. Capsuta3-cocca. SPRENGEL. Species Plantarum, Vol. III, p. 758. SPECIES. Evpnorsia Sprenpens. Boser. Froticosa, aculeis validi hnumerosissimis, foliis oblongo- spathulatis mucronatis, bracteis sitcottealatie mucronatis basi he concavis, iny volucrum includente, filamentis farcatis. Hooxer. Botanical Magazine, folio 2902. CHARACTER OF THE dene Evpnorsia. Invotucre androgynous, 4-5 cleft, externally furnished with glandular appendages, (called Pr- TALS by Linneus, NecTaries by other authors.) Those pedicels which are arranged around the central one, are variable in number, each bearing a single stamen, with which it is articulated. Ovary pedicellate, central. Sryzes 3, each 2-cleft. Capsune formed of three cocci. , DEscripTION OF THE Species, EvpHorsia SpLenpens. STEM shrubby, branched, both branches and stem beset with strong, straight thorns, pointing in various directions, of a dark colour when old, of a purple hue towards the top of the branches. Leaves alternate, atte- nuate at the base, spathulate-oblong, mucronate at the tip, somewhat fleshy, midrib raised, and extending from the base to the top of the leaf, the veins more parallel than is usual in the leaves of exogenous plants, bright green, except when old, then assuming a red or purplish hue, glabrous on both surfaces. PrpuNc.iEs axillary, jointed in the middle, having at the joint two small bracts, above which they are twice dichotomously divided, at each division furnished with two small bracts; higher still are two large bracts, rose-coloured above, pale pink below, roundish, spreading, united at the base, where they are cup-shaped and greenish. In the hollow formed by their union is the involucre, consisting of a single piece, cup-shaped, greenish at the base, with five reddish yellow, fleshy, erect or slightly spreading, rounded lobes, alternately with which are five small, red, fleshy lobes or glands, curved downwards and inwards. STAMINIFEROUS FLOWERS numerous, several of them abortive and mixed with numerous hairs. Pepicex green, but filament with which it is articulated red, forked, each fork bearing a one-celled anther, of a dark purple colour. Pis- TILLIFEROUS FLowers formed each of a solitary pistil surrounded by the stamens. PrpiceL very short. Ovary3-lobed. Styx 3-parted or rather one style springing from each coccus, adhering to the others to nearly the middle, then distinct, each style bifid. Stremas capi- tate. Fruit consisting ‘of three cocci, each containing one cell, and one seed. SEED oblong, blunt at each end, glabrous PopuLar AND GeorapHicaL Notice. This very showy species was discovered by Professor Bojer, along the borders of fields in the pro- vince of Emirne,in Madagascar. Its native name is Soongo Soongo. INTRODUCTION ; WHERE GROWN; CuLTuRE. It was introduced into this country by the Horticultural Society about 1827; and to this establishment our thanks are due for permission to make the present delineation of the plant, which has been so beautifully executed by Mrs, Withers. It grows from three to four feet high, and requires to be kept in the stove, where it continues a conspicuous ornament for two or three months ; producing flowers, more or less, from Midsummer to Michaelmas. Cuttings strike root readily under a hand-glass. DertvaTIon OF THE NaMEs. Evrxorsia is an altered termination of the EvgopByv of Dioscorides, so called after Euphorbus, A to Juba, king of Mauritania, who made known the properties of some species of this genus, all of which have a milky juice the inhabitants of the Canary Islands drink ~ of the et Canariensis, being careful first to strip off the skin or | chiefly to reside. SrirenpEns, splendid. SynonymeEs. Evrsorsia Sprenpens. Hooker in Botanical Magazine, folio 2902. ‘ AMités. Agl- SYRINGA JOSIK AVA. LADY JOSIKA’S LILAC. EXOGENE, DICOTYLEDONES. Natural division to which this Plant belongs NATURAL ORDER, OLEACEZ. cram, a spr “tin DIANDRIA, ie MONOGYNIA, Deciwpérin: this Plast’ a OF LINNEUS. Syrinca. Liyvevs. Caryx breve 4-dentatus. Corona sub- um. Capsvia longitudinaliter secedente utrinque in valvula persistente. Semin oblonga deplana circum alata. Rzrcxeneacr. Flora Germanica Excursoria, Vol. I, p. 432. SPECIES. SyrgineaJosma@a. Jacauvin, rizivs. Forts ovali-acuminatis discoloribus, supra lucidis, subtus albidis, rugosis utrinque glabris, ciliatis. CHARACTER OF THE GENUS, Syrinea. Catyx short, four-toothed. Corotta somewhat salver-shaped, the limb consisting of four concave pieces. Stiama two-cleft. CAPSULE ovate-comy acuminate, two-celled, splitting by a loculicidal dehiscence i valves, the dissepiment splitting down the middle, and one_ adhering to each valve. SxEps oblong, depressed in the ¢ rounded with a wing. . _DEscripTION OF THE SPECIES, Syrinca Josik@a, shrub, branches spreading, very slightly warted, twigs purple. _ Leaves (about three inches long, one and a quarter inches broad) elliptico-lanceolate, attenuated at both extremities, shining and lucid above, white and veined below, wrinkled, glabrous on both sides, cili- ated. PAaNicLeE ast, ‘erect. Catyx, as well as the pedicels, pedun- cles, rachis, petio 7 hes, closely covered with short glandu ubescence ; four-toothed, teeth blunt, and much shorter than the tube. Coroxza half an inch long, clavate, funnel- shaped, deep blue, glabrous, wrinkled, tube slightly compressed ; limb erect, four-parted, segments involute at their edges. Stamens ad- An erect REFERENCE TO THE DissEcTIONs. 1, The corolla opened to show the attachment of the anthers. 2, The germen and style. Each part magnified. hering to about the middle of the tube. ANTHERS incumbent, oblong, yellow. Pistm much shorter than the tube. Sriemata large, co- hering. Stvte filiform, saps Ovary green, glabrous, two-celled. Ovutes 4. PoputaR anp GeocrapHicaL Notice. This recent addition to our shrubberies has the recommendation of flowering later than the old species, to which it bears considerable resemblance. Itisa smaller shrub, the flowers of a much deeper blue, and with only a faint odour. The tube is longer than in the common species. The leaves greatly resemble those of the Populus balsamifera, or sweet-scented poplar. INTRODUCTION; WHERE GROWN; CULTURE. It isa native of Tran- sylvania, growing in stony places on the territory of the Countess Rosalie Josika, in the county of Clausenburg, in Siebenbirgen : it was first made known to botanists at the meeting of naturalists at Ham- burg, on the 20th of September, 1830, by the younger Jacquin. A plant of it was forwarded by the Messrs. Booth of Flotbeck, near Hamburg, to the Edinburgh Botanic Garden in October, 1832, where it flowered the following year. Our drawing was taken from a small specimen which flowered in the greenhouse of J. T. Jarrett, Esq. of _ Camerton House, in June last, and which it is probable was not so deep in colour as if it had been grown in the open air, nor the panicles of flowers quite so dense. It is quite hardy, requiring no peculiarity of management. DERIVATION OF THE NAMES. Syrinca. An Arcadian nymph was fabled to have been changed into a reed or pipe, Zupry, syrivx. The name has been applied to this genus, from the use the Turks make of its ‘ebalar Gi branches. Josix#a, in honour of the Countess Josika, on whose property it was first observed. Sone. Syrinca Jostxaa. Jac 399, acquin erp Zeitung, 1831, t. 67, p- Reichenbach, Plantz Critiew, viii, i slats 104 Reichenbach, Flora Germanica Excursoria, Vol. I, p. 432, Botanical M ar : ear pl. 3278, Graham in son's Edinburgh Journal, Vol. XV, p. 385. Botanical Register, pl. 1733. j VOALAEL 4) Qustted. ~~ OX’ALIS— BOWTEI. BOWIE’S OXALIS. EXOGENA, DICOTYLEDONEA. , Na ai — this prone a NATURAL ORDER, OXALIDACEA, THALAMIFLORZ, eer divisions DECANDRIA, OF & tani o which i} PENTAGYNIA, DECANDOLLE. this el belongs OF LINNEUS. GENUS. Oxatts. Livvevs. Catyx'5-sepalus, sepalis liberis aut basi coalitis, Prtara5. Sramrna 10, filamentis basi breviter pie a 5 ex- ternis alternis brevioribus. Sryui 5, apice penicilliformes 98 Cap- SULA pentagona oblonga aut cylindracea. DEcanDOLLE. Proi romus Systematis Universalis Regni Vegetabilis, Vol. I, p. 690 SPECIES. Oxauis Bowrer. Herperr. Rapice bulbos4, foliis ternatis, petiolo viridi sexunciali, foliolis magnis, rotundaté obverseque cordatis, viridi- bus, medio biunciali majore, scapo petiolis longiore viridi , dein sub- utan erecto, umbella circiter 12-flora, bracteis minutis rubescentibus, pedunculis 1-3 floris 1k uncialibus ex viridi rubescentibus curvatis, sub- erectis, dein recte de- vexis, calycis foliolis oblongis, acutis, rubro marginatis, corolle tubo luteo, limbo saturaté roseo, expansione 1}-unciali; staminibus tubo en stig- matibus provectioribus, quinque cern Farge oe planta to ianthio sEBepibo) minutissimé pubese cente. Her Botanical oalatic folio 1585. Cuaracter or THE Genus, OxaLts. Caxyx of five sepals, which are either free, or united at the base. PETALS 5. Stamens 10, the filaments being slightly united at the base into a monadelphous tube, the five external stamens shorter than the internal ones, with which they alternate. Sryes 5, either brush-like at the top, or capitate. Capsute five-cornered, oblong, or cylindrical. DescrirTion or THE Species, OxaLis BowIEl. Root bulbous, from which spring both leaves and flower-stalks, there being sa obvious stem. Leaves ternate, petioles green, about six inches in length. Fouioes, or LEAFLETS, sessile, large, 70 roundly and obversely cordate, green, the central leaflet larger, nearly two inches, the two lateral ones smaller. Scape, or FLOWER-STALK (of which frequently twelve or more spring up nearly simultaneously, with a succession of younger REFERENCE TO THE DissECTIONS. i I b und the pistils, the outer row ats Petals laid open. 2, Stamens, forming 4 mo ip Signs cere rp ; 3, Stamens laid open, showing the outer alternate ones shorter. 4 7 a ones) longer than the petioles, green, nodding, afterwards erect, termi- nating in an umbel of about twelve flowers, surrounded at. the point of division by minute red bracts, the peduncles 1-3-flowered, of a greenish red colour, curved or suberect, but as the flower expands be- coming straight. FLowers a beautiful rose-colour. CALycing SEG- MENTS oblong, acute, red at the margin. Tuse oF THE COROLLA yellow, limb red, flower measuring, wh fully expanded, about one and three quarters of an inch across. Stamens shorter than the tube, exceeding the stigmas in length, the five internal ones longer than the external. The whole plant, except the flower, clothed with a minute pubescence. Poputar anD GeograpuicaL Notice. Though the species of Oxalis are to be found in nearly all regions of the earth (the coldest excepted), yet the majority of those known are natives of the Cape of Good Hope, where the present species was found. It is difficult to ima- gine any one of the numerous species which could surpass this ; certainly none equal it either in the size of the leaves, or the size and number of its flowers, reckoning the whole which it produces during the flow- ering season. The flowers before their expansion are scarcely less beautiful than when quite expanded, so elegantly are their spirally twisted petals arranged. Every part of the plant is worthy of obser- vation. The leaves are compound and jointed, which permits con- siderable power of motion; and hence when not stimulated by the light, the leaflets, towards evening, begin to recline, and form a sort of cone, of which the summit of the petiole is the apex, as may be seen in leaves of the Oxalis acetosella, or common wood-sorrel. The flowers are also very sensible to light, and only expand thoroughly when the strong clear sun-shine falls upon them. But they may be caused to open by the light of a lamp thrown upon them in a concen- trated form, by means of a lens, as was done by Monsieur Boryde St. Vincent, (Annales de Physique, Tome I, p. 112) and so cheated out of their sleep. The term sleep of plants may excite surprise, but many plants exhibit phenomena analogous to the sleep of animals. Linneus wrote an interesting dissertation on the sleep of plants (De Somno Plantarum, Amenitates Academice, Vol. IV, p. 333); and though it occurs to a greater or less extent in all plants, yet it is chiefly applied to those plants in which it is most perceptible, such as the Oxalis, and other members of the tribe Oxalidacee, and those of the Leguminose especially, the Robinia Pseudo-acacia, and the Mimosa pudica, and Mimosa sensitiva. For an exposition of the causes, and accompanying circumstances of the waking and sleeping of animals, see Virey, Philosophie de l’Histoire Naturelle, p- 3165. This species, like all the others, contains oxalic acid in the state of a binoxalate of potass, which makes the leaves a grateful refreshing vegetable, in the warmer climates of the world; but the excessive use of which, for any considerable time, produces serious ill effects. It has been supposed that the gradual formation of vegetable acids and alkalis in plants, is the cause of that change of colour which certain parts are observed to undergo. Thus the corollas of Echium vulgare and Symphytum officinale are red in the bud, but become blue after- wards ; that of Myosotis versicolor is first yellow, then blue. A pleasing experiment may be performed by placing a bunch of flowers under a a glass jar and burning a match among them, when the sulphuric acid evolved, immediately alters their colours. So also any infusion of ve~ getable blue, as that obtained by soaking the corolla of the Violet, Cornflower, Iris, &c. turns red by the application of an acid, and green by an alkali, (see Maund’s Botanic Garden, p. 146.) Hence it has been supposed, that the gradual change which takes place in the co- lour of the leaf in autumn may be accounted for ona similar principle. Another hypothesis supposes the minute globular particles, (or globu- line) contained in the cellular tissue to assume different tints of colour, according as it is united with different proportions of oxygen; somewhat in the way that the differently coloured oxides of iron are formed. It has been observed also, that the plant retains a larger portion of the oxygen inhaled by the leaf, as the season adyances; and a change of hue ensues. We are thus deprived slowly of the yerdure of spring and summer, while the variety of hues, which form the intermediate stages before the woods become universally ——— russet clad, . The livery of the adie year,” are as pleasing to the eye of the painter or the poet, as the tender green of spring, or rich effulgence of summer; furnishing many a touching memento of our own transitory state, thus yielding illustra- tions alike to the moralist and divine, when pointing our regards to another world, “the fashion of which fadeth not away.’ “ A deep and crimson streak “ ’*Mid ruin, blooms the rose, Thy scene each vision brings Of beauty in decay ; / Of fair and early faded things, Too exquisite to stay.” Marco. INTRODUCTION ; WHERE GROWN; CuLTuRE. This species was received, in the year 1823, from Mr. Bowie, by the Hon, and Rev. William Herbert, of Spofforth, near Harrowgate, so justly celebrated for his cultivation of bulbous plants, and author of a work just pub- lished, entitled, “ Illustrations of the Amaryllidacez.” In regard to its culture, Mr. Herbert states, “This most beautiful and florid plant is hardy, and in the open ground will flower in the autumn; but it blossoms most profusely when kept in a pot under glass, especially if, after a short period of rest at Midsummer, it is placed in a stove or warm greenhouse for a very short time to make it start freely. Its flowers expand in a very moderate temperature.” We must not omit to mention, that although we have observed the Oxalis Bowiei live and increase in the open ground, it has never flowered well in such exposure ; and we presume that it is under very favourable circumstances only that it will do so. It grows very freely in light sandy loam, either with or without the addition of peat. Derivatron or tHE Names. Oxatis, from Ofue, oxys, so alluding to the acid taste of the plants of on genus. Bowter, in compliment to Mr. Bowie, who discovered, and sen Europe, many plants at the Cape of Good Hope. SyNnonyMEs. Oxauis Bowrer. Herbert in Botanical Register, folio 1585. lL cicleve pre cles re ee ~ itiss Taylor, del. ONCIDIUM CRISPUM. CRISPED-FLOWERED ONCIDIUM. ENDOGENZE, . OR MONOCOTYLEDONEZE _ Natural division i to which eva tS this Plant belongs NATURAL ORDER, ORCHIDACE, GYNANDROS&, Artificial divisions GYNANDRIA, : OF to which He MONANDRIA, LINDLEY. , this Plant belongs OF LINNEUS, a oe . . No, 26. : GENUS. Owncrpium. Swarrz. PeriantHrum explanatum. Separa rmi maximum, ecalearatum, cum columna continuum, varié lobatum, basi tubereulatum vel cristatum. Conumna libera. alata. AnTHERA semibilocularis, rostello nune abbreviato, nunc elongato trato. Porzria duo, postic® sulcata, caudicula plana, glandula oblonga. LInDLeyY. SPECIES. Oncrprum crispum. Loppiczs. Psrvpo-svuxsis oblongis sulca- tis rugosis diphyllis, foliis lanceolatis coriaceis acutis, scapo simplici multifloro, sepali is undulatis obtusis, lateralib iconnatis: petalis duplo ma- joribus oblongis undulatis unguiculatis, labelli lobis lateralibus cornuformibus recurvis nanis intermedio maximo unguiculato subrotundo-cordato undulato, crista duplici serie deltoidea dentata, columnz alis rotundatis denticulatis car- nosis. Livpzey. Genera and Species of Orchideous Plants, p. 197. CHARACTER OF THE GENUS, ONCIDIUM. “‘PERIANTH spread out. Separs often wavy; the lateral ones sometimes connate under the lip. PETALS uniform with the sepals. Lip very large, without a spur, con- tinuous with the column, variously lobed, tuberculated or crested at the base. Coxiumn free, semi-cylindrical, apex winged on both sides. AnTHER nearly two-celled, the rostellum sometimes very short, at other times greatly elongated. POLLEN-MASSES two, furrowed behind, the caudicula flat, the gland oblong. DESCRIPTION OF THE Species, ONCIDIUM CRISPUM. PsEvpo- puss oblong, furrowed, rugose, bearing at the summit two leaves, which are lanceolate, coriaceous, acute, 6-7 inches long, marked with purple at the base. Scare springing from the base of the bulb, about two feet long, bearing here and there subulate leaves, vaginating, and sometimes connate. INFLORESCENCE racemose, raceme spreading, flowers large, numerous, sometimes 50-60, about three inches across, brownish. SEPaLs recurved, undulating, obtuse, the lateral ones half united, greenish, spotted. PETALS twice as large, oblong, undulating, Rag i unguiculate, margin much crisped, obtuse, of a rich brown on the upper surface, marked with dark lines, red towards the claw, which is yellow. Lasenium, or Lie, greatly contracted towards the base, the lateral lobes horn-shaped, recurved, small, the central lobe large, roundedly cordate or emarginate, waved or crisped. Crest deltoid- shaped, beset with a double row of teeth, yellowish at the base, red towards the summit. Wines or THE CoLumN rounded, toothed, fleshy. ANTHER-CASE ovate, acuminate, but truncated at the top. Po.xeN-massés oval, yellow, on a long, broad, white stalk, furnished with an ovate, brown gland at its base. Popviar anp Grograpuicat Notice. This interesting species of Oncidium was found growing among the Organ Mountains of Bra- zil, on the dead trunks of trees. While in northern climes the barks of trees are clothed with common mosses and lichens, the stems of trees in tropical forests exhibit, in astonishing profusion, the richest and most superb vegetation: the most singular and elegant orchi- deous plants spring from the clefts and chinks of the bark; and around the stem itself the Pothoses twine, and push forth their white and shining flowers from between their beautiful and bright green leaves. Gazing on such scenes we might be tempted to consider them paradisaical, were it not for the knowledge, sometimes purchased at a fatal price, that “latet anguis in herba,’—amidst the grass on which we tread, the serpent with its poison-fangs, lurks for its prey. INTRODUCTION; WHERE GROWN; CuttTure. The lovers of orchi- deous plants are indebted for the introduction of this elegant plant to the zeal and enterprise of the Messrs. Loddiges of Hackney. The specimen from which our drawing was taken flowered in October, 1836, in the handsome collection of William Taylor Copeland, Esq. M. P. at Leyton, Essex. It grows well in a pot filled with drainers and sandy peat, on a stand in the stove. It should have a hot moist atmosphere whilst in vigorous growth. DeERivaTION OF THE NAaMEs. , Oncipi10m, bears a reference to two prominences on the - of Ne bak dactihed species, the Oncidium altissimum of Swartz. Crispv M, des to the crisped margin of the petals of this species. SynonrMmes, CRISP mM. tag bea sis oomgeg Cabinet, 1854, y : Oxcip1um U Lindle *s Genera Bs Matis, del. g ieee ene begneita: ebovigaka” 4 - << f “ ae REFERENCE TO THE DissEcTIONs. 1, = by losed, » by the removal of the cal 5 he ggg 2, Petals di by th removal of the calyx. 3, Pi Z ne og similarity of its flowers to that of several species of Fuschia, which has led some botanists to insist upon an affinity between the Currant tribe and Evening-primrose tribe, to which the genus Fuschia belongs. The closeness of this affinity is questioned by others, (see Lindley’s Natu- ral System of Botany, 2nd Ed. p. 240.) The genus Ribes cannot be confounded with the genus Fuschia, as the flower of the former has 5 sta- mens, of the latter 8. This species is a native of the West coast of North America, in North California and Montery ; apparently also of Mexico. INTRODUCTION; WHERE GROWN; CuLTuRE. This species was first raised in England from seeds sent by Mr. Collie, at Montery, in 1828, to the garden of that zealous patron of botany and horticulture, A. B. Lambert, Esq. of Boynton House, Wiltshire, where it flowered in 1831. Our drawing was made at the Nursery of the Messrs. Pope of Hands- worth, from a standard plant in the open ground, where its gracefully pendent branches, decked with innumerable flowers, as with glittering rubies, shone brilliantly in the sunny rays of May and June. It iscer- tainly one amongst the most showy of small flowering shrubs, and is admirably adapted for training against a wall or trellis, where it will attain the height of six or eight feet. Although of deciduous charac- ter, it has in some degree the advantage of an evergreen, on account of the perpetual growth of small leaves from almost every bud along its slender branches, which afterwards contrast prettily with its crim- son flowers. Nor is the growth of these suspended even in winter, but by their continual expansion gladden and refresh our eyes with the pleasing verdure of Spring, in the midst of the wintry chills of Decem- ber and January. It is very readily propagated by cuttings. We do not know whether any culinary use can be made of the berries, which may possibly ripen well in the more southern parts of this country. DERIVATION OF THE NAMEs. wie Lo: bee | Ribes is of A gin, g pplied to a species of rhubarb, now known under the name Rheum Ribes (Linnenus,) but which Tragus thought was applied to a species of gooseberry. Specicsum shewy, from its attractive ap- pearance. SyNONYMES. Rises srecrosem. Pursh. Flora Americana Septentrionalis Vol. I, ap- pendix, p.731. D.Don in Sweet's British Flower Garden, t. 149. Decandolle. Prodromus Systematis Universalis Regni vegetabilis, pars III, p. 478. Sprengel Systema Vegetabilium, Vol. I. p,812. Botanical Register, Vol. 18, t. 1557. Botanic agazine, 3530. _ Rises stamineuM. Smith in Ree’s Cyclopedia, under Ribes. Rises ruscuromes. Berlandier Memoires de la Societe physi Vol. IM, part 2, p. 43. eee As Cenerve Mills. det. oe rs te bavere pee Confers i ‘nt 3 CRI'NUM CAPEN’SE. CAPE OF GOOD HOPE CRINUM. ENDOGENZ, MONOCOTYLEDONE. gaznas eleora this Plast st NATURAL ORDER, AMARYLLIDACEZ. EPIG3NOss, {me ‘on to which morpexsen’” wuiey, his Plant at OF LINNEUS. No. 39. US. Crinum. Linnevs. Groen medio crassius; tubus = te es gracilior ; filamenta vix soseighs tabum pariter inserta Fecurvars, 6x1 there incumbentes ; dissepimenti ; sem ina difforaia, (Folia basi tubulosa) Herperr Amaryllidacea. p, 78. SPECIES. Crinum Capense. HERBERT. ioral hartge yes re mar- gine seahris loriformibus, pedicellis brevissimis, tubo ¢ elongato, limbo garni f 1 iy \ a ie Se ore, _ +9 SPRENGEL eal Plantarain IL p. 52. CHARACTER OF THE GENUS, CriINuM. GERMEN thickest in the middle. Tuse cylindrical, more slender than the germen. FrLamenrs inserted just outside the tube, more or less recurved. ANTHERS incum- bent. Stiama 3-cornered or trifid. Capsu e soft, deformed, without valves or furrows. DissepiMeNTs obsolete. Steps very irregular in form, size, and number. (Leaves properly tubular at the base.) DESCRIPTION OF THE : Species, Crinum Carense. Stem bulbous, external | , broad and convolute at the base, thong-like, lanceolate, rough at thes margins, laxly reclined at the up- per part, glaucous on both surfaces. Supertor Leaves upright,chan- nelled their whole length, very narrow. Scape about two feet long, straight, roundish or slightly compressed. Umsex few or many-flow- ered. Sparuatwo-leaved,lanceolate. Pepicensshort. Ovary glo- bose elliptical, devoid of furrows, smooth. PERIANTH white, segments tinged with red on the outside. Tose angular or roundish furrowed, twice as short as the limb, recurvedly funnel-shaped, segments ellipti- co-lanceolate, with a short claw; inner segments broadest. FiLaMENTs of the stamens at first dependant but near the middle reflexed and as- cending, unequal in length. SryLe as long as the segments of the REFERENCE TO THE DissECTIONS. 2. +, 5 tra Z. 2% 41, 10 tt nsversely, sk Bn, a? 5 perianth. Sriama small, orbiculate, open, slightly hairy. SEEDS from 20 to 50. Popu.ar aNp GEOGRAPHICAL Notice. The genus Crinum, which, in the recent revision of the tribe of Amaryllidacee, by Mr. Herbert, is stated to consist of about 46 known species, is spread round the whole belt of the globe, within the tropics, and within a certain dis- tance from them, p. 348: many are found in the East and West Indies, while a considerable peaks. are naliye of bee Cape of Good Hope, of whose botany bull tic feat The species of the genus Crinum a not possess in any great degree the acrid or poisonous properties of the tribe to which it belongs; nevertheless Cri- num Asiaticum is eras to dogs, and coe ee may be sub- stituted for the Scilla mariti properties. Co The species of this genus lend PETES with more or less facility to the formation of hybrids, many of which are more shewy, and at the same time more hardy, than the natural species. Respecting those already procured, or which are likely to be procured, much interesting information may be found in the late publication of the Hon. and Rev. W. Herbert, who has paid great attention to this subject for many years. INTRODUCTION ; WHERE GROWN; CuLTuRE. This plant must have been introduced into this country about the middle of the last century. We have been anxious to introduce this Crinum and some other Ama- ryllidacez, to our readers, on account of their beauty and the very little care which they require at the hand of the cultivator. The ori- ginal of our present engraving was produced by a plant which was presented to us at least seven years ago, and has lived through all vi- cissitudes, under neglect, and we may add, ingratitude, still flowering, and still healthy. It reminds us of humility, as described by a female writer. “It endures every thing, and its endurance is silent. It ne- ver thinks itself worthy of a recompense, therefore it asks for none.” —_ is an — sear 2 in mare plants, for it must be confes- than their good qualities can ever repay. During winter our plant has never had further indulgence than the shelter of a cold frame, or a shed, and not always so much as this. In summer it has generally been placed beside a small foun- tain, where the pot which contains it, usually stands in water, an inch deep. During one summer the pot and plant was entirely submersed in water; and even then, it flowered, but not luxuriantly. In addition to our own experience, we shal] give that of Mr. Herbert, who says, “It is a very hardy species, endures the winter, and flowers in profuse succession during 5 or 6 months, in a bed covered with leaves, and with me it ripens seed by the bushel. It delights in wet, and will flower in a pond, but its fibres are rather disposed to rot in the water of a cold pond in the winter. In a warm situation it may remain always in water. Ido not know that its fibres would rot if it was growing in the soil under the pond. It might be advantageously placed by the edge of any ornamental piece of water, and would form a beautiful clothing for a small island, where it would afford thick co- vert for water fowl. Nursery gardeners might easily rear it from seed to sell by the hundred. A covering of leaves is not necessary to it, and its own dead foliage would give it a good deal of protection. I have had the neck of a bulb, which was left in a pot standing in a small pond, clasped tight by ice two inches thick for a fortnight, without its receiving any injury.” Amaryllidacee, 270. “The seed of the tropical species of Crinum will often lie for a very long time without vegetating. It may be made to grow immediately, by cutting off carefully, a portion of the fleshy mass, so as to expose the point of the embryo, after which the seed should be set edgeways in a small pot of earth, just covering the radicle. The operation requires however a cautious hand; for if the point is cut by the knife, the vitality of the seed is destroyed, and its direction is uncertain, though more likely to bend towards the hilum or scar than elsewhere. Small bits of the flesh should therefore be pulled off with the point of a knife rather than cut, till the embryo is discovered.” Ibid, p. 402. “All the hybrid Crinums raised between Capense and tropical species, which are now very nu- merous, are hardy enough to stand out of doors against the front wall of a stove ; where, if a mat is thrown over them in sharp frosts, they preserve much of their leaves through the winter, and from May to November continue throwing up a succession of flower-stems in great perfection. Crinum scabro-Capense bears the most beautiful flower ; Crinum pedunculato-Capense is of the largest stature.” Ibid, p. 356. Fivep Borpvers. “The vigour with which mules of the genus Cri- num, and many other plants, grew out of doors against the front wall of a stove, persuades me that a great variety of plants might with a little care be cultivated better in the open ground than under glass, if the border in which they are to grow were flued under ground, and a tarpauling, or any water-proof covering, placed over them at the time when it might be requisite to exclude either rain or cold. The cover- ing might hang on the two sides of a strong longitudinal pole, like the two slopes of a roof, and be made to roll up either with or without a spring. There are many plants which seem to enjoy a cool atmos- phere, but will not flower or thrive vigourously without the stimulus of heated earth at the root. Having chosen a situation where a fur- nace and boiler could be placed under ground, I would carry the smoke-flue as far as its heat would extend on one side, and hot-water or steam-pipes in a different direction, as might be found convenient, enclosed in a stone or brick flue, to as great a length as its influence might reach. In such a border I believe the genus Hedychium and many others, would flower perfectly, with the assistance of fire in summer, requiring nothing in winter but a covering to throw off the wet; and the heat might be turned into other pipes for the advantage of plants which might require the warmth in winter rather than in summer. If in front of a wall, a moveable verandah, which might be either ornamental or made of thatched hurdles or hurdle-gates, would throw off the wet, which is the principal cause of injury in winter; for many plants will endure the access of severe frost to the head, if all wet can be effectually excluded from the base of the stem and from the root by any sloped heading. Under such a verandah, with occasional heat to the flue, during the early summer,and perhaps in severe frost, Amaryllis, Brunsvigia, Buphane, Nerine, Hemanthus, and all the al- lied genera of African bulbs, as well as the South Americans, would certainly succeed better than with any other treatment.” HERBERT, p. 402 DERIVATION OF THE Nam CRINUM kpwwoy KRINON, the Greek for a ye og a barbarous word intended as Latin for the Cape of Good Hope SynonyMEs. seat eet eee Miller’s Gardener's eear en No.7. Willdenow Species Plantarum, II, p. 55. Botanical Register, fo Sehnicon LONGIFOLIA. Hortus Kewensis, 1, p. —_ AMARYLLIS REVOLUTEA. Botanical Mavazine, 1178. Wile Tayler dl, HOVE'A CEL'SI. CELS’S HOVEA. EXOGENE, ; OR " DICOTYLEDONEX. # ty division re ? (EE. QD —-W this Plant belongs ) DIADELPHIA, DECANDRIA, OF LINNEUS. GENUS. Hoves. Rorerr Brown. Catyx bilabiatus, labio ba semibifido lato Tetuso, inferiore tripartito. Carina obtusa. Stamina omnia LrecuMEeN sessile, satinaiantied, ventricosum, dispermum. Semrna stro : ga Decan CALYCIFLORE, —— divisions OF 0 which DECANDOLLE. _this Plant belongs | No. 40. e SPECIES. Hovea Crist. Bowrzanp, Fou is subrhombeis obtusiusculis mucronatis. PEepo a multifloris, ramis calyce bracteisque pilosiusculis. Dzcan CHARACTER pe THE Genus, Hovea. Catryx two-lipped, upper lip semibifid, bro: sad, retuse slower lip three parted. KreLobtuse. Sta- MENS all united into a monadelphous tube, or the tenth stamen more or less detached at the upper part. LEGUMEA, or pod sessile, roundish, swelling, two-seeded. Srxeps strophiolated. * > aia —— ova ¢ Crist. An. upright shrub, ches about the middle of the stem, DESCRIPTION OF THE SPECIES, about 4 feet high, dividing into bra LEAVES scattered, spreading, stf, tiola 2» liptico-lanceolate, reticu- lately veined, mucronate, villo ; more prominent nerves than the upper surface. Paiyacted aaillaty, ” ‘solitary, longer than the petioles, racemose, bearing from 3-5 flowers with 2 small adpressed bracts at the base of one ower. pinorees ae cme cot cod aninchin length, > 4-cleft, of a fawn-colour, clothed with silky hairiness, 2-lipped. Ur. PER LIP much the longest, broad] y" wedge-shaped or en” with a broad round margin, obscurely notched. at, the top, mewhat keeled at the back; lower lip three-toothed equal, straight, acute. STANDARD upright, spreading, smooth, obcordately-round, very much Jarger than the wings and keel, at the upper margin emarginately incised; a large white spot, sometimes appearing as if two, occupies the base; claw short. Wrnes spathulately oblong, folding within them the keel, = ¥ REFERENCE TO THE DissEctions. 1, Standard. 2, Keel. 3, Wing. 4, Style. which is much smaller. KEEL obtuse, compressed, purple. STaAMENS mon- or diadelphous, equal ; anthers small yellow. Ovary pedicellate, short, compressed, 2-seeded, smooth, whitish. StTyiE long, smooth. Sriema formed ofa small pubescent head. Poputar aNnD GreocrapuicaL Notice. This like all the rest of the genus Hovea, with which we are acquainted, is a native of New Holland. It exhibits the peculiarity of the flower-buds of the suc- ceeding year appearing at the bases of those expanded during the pre- sent. This is a common condition of leaf-buds which are always vis- ible the season preceding their expansion, but not frequently so with flower-buds, which though they may be formed seven years before their development externally, generally remain concealed till the period of unfolding. Those of the Hovea Celsi, are perfectly protected by the scales in which they are enveloped, which is one of the means by which the God of Nature manifests his care of his creatures, He marks the bounds which winter may not pass, And blunts his pointed fury ; in its case, Russet and rude, folds up the a germ Uninjured, with inimitable art And, ere one flowery season fades and dies Designs the blooming wonders of the next.—CowPeEr. Clee — eee of ~ ies and stalk are very liable to be infested onidum of Fabricius, Coccus Hicsperidom of - Kirby and dpeteds which can aap be remo- ved by the nail being insinuated below it, and so taken from its hold. For some interesting notices of this insect, see Taylor’s Scientific Me- moirs, Vol. I, p. 214. INTRODUCTION; WHERE GROWN; CULTURE. Introduced into the Nursery of Mons. Cels, at Paris, by the French expedition, under — ; Capt. Baudin, whence it was brought to Britain in 1817. ” The plant from which our drawing was made, flowered in the ele- gant conservatory of W. Leaf, Esq. Parkhill, Streatham, in May, 1836. It is not so advisable to grow Hoveas in pots, which would seem to be detrimental to them, as in the border of a conservatory. They thrive admirably in an equal mixture of sandy loam and peat; Derivation or THE Names. ig oor honour of Anthone Pantaleon Hove, a Polish Botanist; who tra- ¥ Crimea and Persia, and sent many plants to the Kew Gardens, Celsi, in compliment to Mons. Cels, a nurseryman of Paris. SynonyMgs. Hovea Cexst. Bonpland. Plantes de Navarre, t. 51. Ker Botanical Reg- ister, t. 280, D Veg. v. II, p. 115. i ccna gtalesemd: AZ" Withers, be ‘wa # LUCU’LIA GRATIS’SIMA. “oe LUCULIA. EXOGENE, DICOTYLEDONEX, Natural division to which this Plant belongs NATURAL ORDER, RUBIACER. pesca ee PENTANDRIA, ‘ MONOGYNIA, this pots atone OF LINNEUS. No. 41. “GE NUS. Locutra. Sou bus decidais turbinatus, limbus 5-parti- tus, laciniis lineari-subulatis #qualib duis —— DECAN oie caren longa oak a pac libera. SeEmiIna minuta densé sursim imbrica ala mem embranacea dentata,ad basin brevissim4, apice latiore. Decan DOLLB. Pr eee Systematis Naturalis Regni ne Pars IV, . 357. SPECIES. Lucvria GRatiss Sweer, Fouts ellipticis acuminatis multinerviis crt glab abrlays ‘sas nervisgue villosis, sepalis linearibus obtusi- useulis t SWE EET. British Flower Garden, 145 HE tasting Lucunia. Tube of the Carrx tur- “Fact ee bal é ed, rke¢ , two celled, spli ng from the apex to th e hi dehiscence. “PLacenta elongated, at last s rating from pnt: Seeps ‘minute 2 imbricated ranou Lu Gra a. STEM untry a small tree, branched, be oppo- . Leaves opposite, , spreading elliptical, with a short point, petiolate, smooth above, the under surface strongly nerved, villous along the course of the nerves. Stipures longer than the petioles, solitary on each side, broad at the base, pointed at the apex, deciduous, inflorescence a terminal corymb, many-flowered, the branches dichotomous, the superior ones three-flowered. Bracts oppo- site, under each division, and at the base of the pedicels, linear deci- duous. Frowers large, elegant, of a delicate pink, or rose-colour. Catyrx, 5-parted, of 5 distinct sepals, which are linear, bluntish, pale red below, with green points, slightly pubescent on the outer surface, resting upon the ovary, deciduous. Corozia funnel-shaped, tube slender, angular, slightly furrowed, twice as long as the calyx, scarcely widened at the throat, which is destitute of pubescence ; limb spread- ing, deeply 5-lobed, lobes imbricated at the base, margins rounded and slightly crenulate. Stamens 5, inserted at the throat, tlie fila- ments short, thin, anthers erect, scarcely protruding beyond the throat, Potten yellow. Styxie smooth, red, not more than half the length of the tube. Stiemas 2, thick and fleshy, oblong or spathulate, spreading at the point. Ovary top-shaped, fleshy, clothed with a fine down, 2-celled. OvuLEs numerous. PopuLar anp GeocrapnicaL Notice. This plant, which in its native country is a small tree, grows on the exposed hills in the valleys of Nepaul and Silhet, blossoming, according to the situation in which it is found, all the yearround. The flowers possess a fragrance which perhaps is not surpassed by any other tree, and they even retain the odor when dried and placed in the herbarium. The bark possesses febrifuge properties, and may be substituted for Cinchona bark, in the treatment of fever. In Bengal it is called Ussoxou, and in India, generally, the Nepaul Cinchona bark. * As one of the objects in view, in commencing The Botanist, was to aid in extending a beneficial knowledge of the vegetable kingdom, by treating of the various plants figured in this work, not merely as interesting from their beauty, or as isolated members of that kingdom, but by pointing out the relationship or affinity of one plant to another ; and as the present subject is well fitted to exemplify our meaning, we avail ourselves of it to make the following remarks. In former times, the end proposed by the study of botany, was seldom more than to ascertain THE NAME imposed upon a plant, and then, perhaps, refer to some work, for information respecting its properties, or points. For this purpose, any classification, however arbitrary, that led easily to the discovery of the name, was sufficient. But as observed by Professor Daubeny, in his Inaugural Lecture, “The time seems at length arrived, when a more philosophical arrangement of the multitudinous objects which present themselves to us in our sur- vey of the vegetable kingdom, seems feasible—when, instead of resting satisfied with the mode of classification established by Linneus, in which the individuals grouped together possess no necessary resem- blance in structure, our peers object ages aie to peng enter ao species, which offer th other, in the hopes, hereafter, of pe ae a system, ali the very place which the plant occupies in it, shall, in a manner, announce its most prominent characters, the virtues which it may possess, and its affinities with,others.” This is what is contemplated by the Natural Method, in which plants are associated in groups, or tribes; and it is the more worthy of adoption, that it is the only one, which gives ho- tany a claim to the title of a Science—the only one by which the prin. ciples of induction can be applied to the study of plants. A natural tribe is neither more nor less than the observed steady association of certain properties, structures, and analogies, in several species and genera. A natural tribe, therefore, may be supposed to e a circle, (a similitude which has been adopted by Mr. Loudon, in his Iilustra~ tions of Landscape Gardening) all the plants found within the cir- cumference of which present a certain similarity of external charac- ters, which indicates the existence of a certain similarity of chemical principles, and under parallel circumstances, of medicinal power; so that when acquainted with the structure and properties of any one plant of a tribe, an index is possessed to all the rest. A striking con- firmation of this is afforded by the fact, that nations widely apart, and having no scientific intercourse, will be found to employ some species of the same tribe for similar purposes. Nothing can illustrate this better than the tribe ofthe Cinchonacex. Not only do the inhabitants of Peru, employ for the cure of fever, the species of Cinchona, growing among them, those species universally known as Peravian Bark, but the Brazilians employ with a similar intention, three species of this tribe, native of Brazil; while in French Guiana, the Coutarea speciosa, in Carolina, the Pinckneya pubens, and in the West Indian Is- lands, various species of Exostemma, yield febrifuge barks. In Africa, the bark of species of this tribe, furnish excellent fever medicines ; while in the East Indies, in addition to the Luculia Gratissima, the _ barks of several species of the Hymenodictyon, yield febrifuge barks. In short, it may be stated, that of forty-four kinds of bark, which are used as substitutes for the Peruvian Barks, thirty-two are obtained from plants of the tribe of Cinchonacee. Nothing can more forcibly ‘demonstrate the advantage of acquaintance with the natural method of botany, as it supplies a key to the knowledge of the properties of plants in every part of the globe. INTRODUCTION; WHERE GROWN; CuLtTurE. The first plant of this species which grew in Britain, was raised at Ashridge, the Seat of the Countess of Bridgewater, from seeds received from Nepaul. The specimen from which our drawing was taken flowered in the Green- house of the Messrs, Henderson, Nurserymen, of Pine Apple Place, London, in December, for which a prize was awarded by the Metro- politan Society of Florists and Amateurs. Much has been said regard- ing the culture of this plant. Some persons have found it rather diffi- cult of management, from the precise temperature which seems to be most suitable to its successful growth, being intermediate between that of the stove and the greenhouse. In general, however, a warm green- house, with frequent pottings, in a mixture of peat, sand, and loam, and the use of plenty of eet will ensure rapid growth and splen- did flowers. When young plants are required, cutti hould be taken of the half-ripened shoots, which will strike root in ond under a bell- glass, without bottom heat. They should not be exposed to the direct rays of the sun, nor be kept too moist. DeERIvATION oF THE NAMEs, Lucvtia, a Latinized form of the native name Lucuti Swa. GrRaTissIMA, superlative degree of gratus, sweet or grateful, to express the exquisite perfume flowers. SyNONYMEs. CixcHona Gratissima. Wallich in Roxburgh’s Flora eng I, 154. Mvussanpa Lucvria, Don, Prodromus Flore Nepalensis 8, Lucunia GRatissmma, Decan dolle ae Regni vapebaise Vol. IV, p. 358. Sweet’s British Flower Garden, t. BER'BERIS DULCIS. SWEET-FRUITED BERBERRY. <_—e oR DICOTYLEDONE 2. Natural division to which tr this Plant ae, NATURAL ORDER, BERBERIDACEZ. THAJ.AMIFLOR2, mee divisions OF 0 which DECANDOLLE. this Plant belongs No. 42, GENUS. Berseris. Linnevs. Sepsta 6 squamis 3 extus stipata. Pr- rata 6 intus biglandulosa. Stamrna edentnla. Bacca 2-3perma. Semr- na 2, rarius 3 ad basin seteretiiae — erecta, aongs testa crustacea, albu- ine carnoso, cotyledonibus f cap itell lata. DeEcanDoLue Pro dromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis, Pars. L p. 104, HEXANDRIA, MONOGYNIA, OF LINNEUS. SPECIES. Berrseris putcis. Don. Fruticosa ramosa,ramis flexuosis triangularis piloso-pubescentibus. Foxits oblongo-ellipticis apice spinoso mu- cronatis margine cartilagineis: caulinis longe petiolatis: axillis confertis breve petiolatis, petiolis piloso-pubescentibus. FLorisus solitariis longe ped- unculatis pendulis. David Don, in Sweet’s British Flower Garden, 2nd. Se- ries, Folio 100. CHARACTER OF THE GENUS, BERBERIS. SEPALS six, supported on the outside by 3 scales. Prtaus 6, having each two glands on the inside. STameEns toothless. Berry 2-3 seeded. Sxreps 2, rarely 3, attached laterally at the base of the seed-vessel, erect, oblong, with a crustaceous testa, and fleshy albumen ; cotyledons leafy, wpe ey Ta- dicle long, capitellate at the top, DESCRIPTION OF THE Species, BERBERIS DULCIS. A SHRUB, Stem much branched, 4-10 feet high; branches flexuose, sharply trian- gular, joints tumid; bark brown, glossy, and thickly clothed with short hair. Sprves 3-5, united at the base, and closely attached to the fasciculi of leaves. Leaves elliptico-oblong, occasionally lance- olate, terminating in a sharp point, attenuated downwards, with a cartilaginous margin, veins much branched, of a bright shining green on the upper side, paler beneath ; arranged in tufts or fasciculi along the stem; of variable size, some being broad, others narrower, sur- rounded at the base by several brown ovate scales. Stem-leaves on the young growing shoots, possessed of very long foot-stalks, dilated at the base. Prrroxes thickly beset with short hairs, seated on small EFERENCE TO THE DissEcTIONS. J, An outer sepal, 2, An inner sepal, 3,Apetal. 4, A stamen. rough glands. FLowers solitary, proceeding from each tuft of leaves along the stem, small, of a fine yellow or orange colour, supported by a peduncle, nearly an inch and half long, which is slender, drooping, and clothed with a short glandular pubescence. Sepats 6, of une- qual size, bright yellow, ovate, concave on the upper side, rounded at the points, 3 outer ones about a third less than the inner ones. PE- TALS 6, opposite the sepals, shorter than the inner ones, ovate, entire, concave inwards, somewhat undulate at the margins, rounded at the points, of a rich orange hue. STameEns 6, opposite to the petals: filaments fleshy, thickened as far as where the anther is attached ; cells of the anther distinct, pollen granular, glossy. Ovary smooth, roundly oval, tapering towards the stigma, which is large, peltate and orbi- cular ; ' Poputar aND GeocrapuicaL Notice. The discovery of this interesting plant is due to Mr. Anderson, the botanical collector at- tached to Capt. King’s expedition to the Straits of Magellan. Ac- cording to him it is found extending from Chiloe, to the Straits of Ma- gellan, unless the plant of Chiloe be a distinct species, a circumstance rendered probable by their being much smaller than the present plant, and by having deciduous leaves, while this one possesses evergreen leaves. The fruit which is black, is not merely ornamental, but useful, being employed to make tarts, sweetmeats, and preserves. There are many curious points in the structure and habits of the Berberry: the spines are leaves, of which the parenchyma is absent, and the mid-rib indurated ; the stamens are remarkable for their irri- tability, for if the base of a stamen be touched with a pin or knife, it springs forward and strikes the pistil.. The same occurrence is ob- served when the opposite poles of a glavanic battery are attached, one to the petal, to which the stamen is fixed, the other to the pistil. IntropucTion; Wnere Grown; Currure. Introduced about 1828, by Mr. Anderson, to Lowe’s Nursery, at Clapton. It is quite hardy, and may be propagated by layers, or may he inarched on the common Berberry ; or young cuttings, planted under bell-glasses in pots of sand, will strike root readily. A mixture of sandy loam and peat, or sandy peat alone, is suitable to it. Derivation Or THE NaMEs. Berseris, according to some, from BepBapt, the Greek for a shell, the leaves of some species shining like a a shell ; according to others, from am rees, the name of the common Grea oo Dutcts sweet. Bexseris purcis. Don. In peat ese Garden, 2nd Series, Folio 100. 4 gala woeceage. Mitts. set ee ‘le POLYGALA SPECIOSA. = — MILKWORT. DICOTYLEDONE. Natural) division to which this Plant belongs. NATURAL ORDER, poraatacue, THALAMIFLOR&, {nor divisions bs, “temo OF to which DECANDOLLE. ee Plant aN oy gro GENUS. Porraliuap weber Cavers | som rastentia, 2 interiora aleformia.. Peraza 3-5 tubo nr ae ed Fi, a4 apa Pe 1 0 Senin ms ager o carune S. Pouxeara Specrosa. Sims. , Pcie inferioribus + congo chat obtusis, oribus linearibus, ramisque virgatis glabris, b racteis deciduiss pedicellis patulis, alis subrotundis. spp CAN DOLLE. Prodromus Sys. tematis lis Regni Vegetabilis, Part I, p GENERIC CHARACTER OF POLYGALA, an € — of 5 per- sistent sepals, of which the two interior are wing-sha +a 3-5, united to the tube of the stamens, the inferior keel- Ahaped, ( pro- bably formed of two petals cohering.) CapsuLe compressed ellip- tical obovate, or heart-shaped. Seeps with hairy pubescence, caruneulated at the hilum, not comose. DESCRIPTION OF THE Species, shrubby, erect, 5-6 feet high, n SPECIOSA. STEM , green, ae to times mucronate. Flowers i in terminal racemes, large, shewy ; bracts deciduous : three exterior sepals. rs ake small, Song two interior large, wing-shaped, purple, beautifully vein small, the third large, keel-shaped, ae, yi eight, united at the base-into a two-cleft tube. ° AnTHERS oblong, adnate. Styx nearly enclosed “by the keel, pela curved, stigma two-cleft, REFERENCE TO THE owt 1, Shows the pistil, with three al, the ors attached; the remaini C) wing-shaped petaloid = pals are ews at a 4, 2, to a tube, E 3, The bearded keel-shaped petal, sometimes called the crest. To the common observer r these constitu- ent parts of the flower 7 Polygal a will seem to resemble those se a apie flower, although essentially different. These oe and the natural affinities of the plant, will come unde’ sideration in the eu one of the sides erect, and emarginate, the other hanging down, green, glutinous on the under side, by which it attaches the pollen. Cap- SULE, compressed. = POPULAR AND GEOGRAPHICAL InrorMaTION. This species which is one of the most shewy of the genus, is like many of its allies, found exclusively at the Cape of Good Hope. So many plants indeed are limited to that region of the earth, that the vegetation of the extra-tro- pical part of South Africa is quite peculiar and characteristic. Schouw has called it the kingdom of Stapelias, and Mesembryanthe- mums, but it might with more propriety be termed that of Ericas and ’ Pelargoniums. , INTRODUCTION; WHERE Grown; CuLture. This species was introduced into the gardens of this country, in 1814, by the Messrs. Young of Epsom, having been raised by them from seeds furnished by Sir John Jackson. It requires the shelter of the greenhouse; and thrives well in a mixture of sand, with two-thirds peat, and one-third turfy loam. To obtain cuttings fit for planting, the branches should be topped, when numerous young shoots will spring out, which should be taken off close to the old branches, when about three inches long, and in a growing state; then planted in pots of sand under a hand-glass, and placed in a close frame. It is a very showy plant, when in flower, but at other times, appears deficient of foliage, and being a deciduous shrub, it is completely denuded in winter. It is a suitable conservatory plant, and is said to be so hardy, as to bear the open air, at Dysart, close to the sea-shore, in Fifeshire. It is well known, that near to the coast, many plants will bear to be exposed, during winter, which can- not be so treated in the interior of the country. The caloric of the sea being given out at that season, equalizes and moderates the temper- ature. DERIVATION OF THE NAMES Seabone from 7rodv, poly, much, — yaha, mitk, either on account of the tained in the root, or as som: k, from being supposed to increase the quantity of milk in cattle, vith feed upon these plants. Sprcrosa, from iosus, shewy, Syvony Potyeata Sprctosa. Sim’sin Botanical abe 1780. (The other refer- cog given in Don’s Dict. to Bot. Mag. is a mistake. Ker in Botanical oe Don in General Dictionary oe Warden and Botany, Vol. I, p. 350 CLIANTHUS PUNI'CEUS. ‘ SDRIMSON CLIANTHUS, OR —— PEA. OR DICOTYLEDONEZ. £ N a Boeite iy) — { Gill plant beteagile 18 WwW in % RAL ORDER, 1 4 ao rem tonen oi OF LINNEUS. GENUS. Cutanruus. SoLAanDER. eS lat? campanulatus, rt ne 5-dentatus. VEXxILLUM acuminatum, a parallelis lon scaphiformis, vexillo alisque multo lon: ior, omn ono manifest? perigyna, diadelpha, omnia fertilia. Sryius staminibus duplo long- ior, versus apicem hine leviter barbatus s, stigmate inewia LEGUMEN pedicellatum, coriaceum, acuminatum, ventricosum, poly um, intus lan- ulosum, sutura dorsali recta yentrali convex4. Serna reniformia, funiculis longiusculis affixa. Lrvpzey in Botanical Register, Mfolio 1775. CALYCIFLORE, OF DECANDOLLE, SPECIES. Curantuus Puniceus. SoLanDeER. Svavkshgttoh diffusus glaber, ae, is altern rnis oblongis subemarginatis, racemis pendulis mo »,legumine glabro. LinDLEy. Botanical Register, [ARACTER OF THE Genus, Cuianraus. Canyx widely campan- nea a 5-toothed. STANDARD acuminate, reflexed, lon- an the parallel wings, keel skiff-shaped, much longer than the Sea standard J and wings, completely monopetalous. STAMENS manifestly gynous, diadelphous, all fertile. Sryie twice as long as the sta- ae towards the apex slightly bearded, stigma quite simple. Leeu- MEN pedicellate, coriaceous, acuminate, ventricose, many-seeded, some- what woolly within, dorsal suture straight, ventral suture convex. Seeps kidney-shaped, attached by rather long chords. ro oy DESCRIPTION OF THE Species, CLIANTHUS PUNICEUS. STEM branched from 2-4 feet high, round, smooth, except when cracked, de- yoid of all pubescence save on the under surface of the young leaves, and on the green parts of the flower; branches green. Leaves alter- nate, stipulate, oddly pinnate, of 8 pairs of folioles; folioles oblong, obtuse, subemarginate, distinctly alternate: stipules green, ovate, re- flexed, very much smaller than the folioles. Racemes pendulous, ma- ny-flowered ; axis flexuous ; Bracts ovate, reflexed, very much shorter REFERENCE TO THE DissECTIONS. 1, Stamens and Pistil. 2, Calyx. 3, Wing. 4, Keel. than the slender bracteolated pedicels. Catyx 5-toothed, teeth acu- minate. STANDARD ovato-lanceolate, acuminate, reflexed, 2 inches long, externally of a nantmense oe = a i —— except when towards the base it is marked t or lines. Wu1vas of a blood-red colour, obtuse, about Linch in length. KEEL quite monopetalous, acuminate, nearly 3 inches long, of a red- ish orange colour, pale towards the base. Pop nearly 3 inches in length, dark-brown, veined. ee is kidney-shaped, brown, speckled with black spots. PopuLaR AND GEOGRAPHICAL Naver The enterprising natural- ists, Banks and Solander, who accompanied Captain Cook, in 1769, first discovered this plant in the northern interior, of New Zealand; it was again discovered by the missionaries in 1831. Its native name is KowarnquToKaka or Parrot’s-bill: but itis most justly entitled to the name, given by Solander, of Flower of Glory. A group of such shrabs would realize the description by the poet— Of flowers that with one scarlet gleam Cover a < mess miles, and seem set the hills on fire! ivioouenon) WHERE Grown; Curture. Mr. Richard Davis, Missionary Catechist at New Zealand sent the seed of Clianthus puni- ceus to the Rev. John Noble Colman, of Ryde, Isle of Wight, who sowed it as soon as it was received in the autumn of 1831. In the fol- lowing spring they produced several fine plants. The specimen from which our drawing was made flowered in May, 1836, in the rich col- lection of William Leaf, Esq. Parkhill, Streatham. Cuttings strike root most readily under a hand-glass, indeed where its branches touch the ground, they will take root like Verbena Melindris. Trained to a southern wall, it will grow luxuriently, but notwithstanding its ap- parent health, during winter, in such situation, when spring succeeds, it betrays its southern origin, and either dies, or recovers with diffi- culty. DERIVATION OF THE NAMEs. Cutantus, from «Xzc glory, and ay0oc a flower. Ponicevs, rier from Punicus, of or be elonging to Phoenicia, of which Tyre was famous fo ts dye of purple, said to be obtained from a species of shell-fish of the sea nat SynonyMeEs. CLIANTHUS PUNICEUS, Solander, Manuscript in British Museum. Allan Cun. am in Transactions of Horticultural Society, New Series, Vol, I, p. 521, t. 22. Hooker in Botanical Ma , folio 3584, “ Dont ae aan —— Don's Seneenl Dictionary of Gardening and Bota- ny, Vol. IL, p. i Ce : bore ek Pe afrcce ODMOPPE”. A> Wethers. diet LILIUM SPECIO'SUM. SHEWY LILY. ENDOGENA, MONOCOTYLEDONEA. ni bs of N yy I division ss this ny a Mati oe NATURAL ORDER, TULIPACE, Artificial in to which a eat this Plant a OF LINNEUS. No. 45., en me mee aie a i Pez ae HYPOGYNOSA, OF LINDLEY. ENUS Litrem. Liwwevs. Pertcontom corollinum, deciduum, hexa- phy led foliola basi wgecticomyrpeioons ineapes ries ormi-campanulata, apice patentia vel revoluta, intus s tructa. Sramrna 6, perigonii foliolis basi sabadhezrentia. Ovariom triloculare. Ovuxa plarima, biseriata, horizontalia, anatropa. Styius terminalis, subclavatus rectus vel subcurvatus ; stigma subtrilob APSULA trigona, sexsulca, ris, loculicido-trival- bias Sema plurima, ecsgpene bine aye. plano-compressa, testa lutescente, hefhine per decurrente. marginem Empryo in axi albuminis carnosi rectus B segue extremitate radiculari umbilico proxima. Enpzicazr. Genera Plantarum, p. 141. SPECIES. Littum speciosum. Tsrunzerc. Foliis sparsis petiolatis; caule ramoso, ramis unifloris, a iss Sarai revolutis intus papuloso- dentatis. Wiztpenow. Species Plan 86. CHARACTER OF THE fos. Liuium. Periegone resembling a corolla, deciduous, of six pieces or folioles; folioles slightly cohering at the base, funnel-shaped or campanulate, spreading at the apex, or curved back, having on the inner surface a nectariferous groove. STAMENS six, slightly adhering to the base of the folioles of the peri- gone. Ovary three-celled. OvuLes numerous, in two rows, horizon- tal, anatropous. Sry.x terminal, somewhat club-shaped, straight or only slightly curved; stigma somewhat three-lobed. Capsue three- cornered, six-furrowed, three-celled, becoming three-valved by a locu- licidal dehiscence. SEEDS numerous, in two rows, horizontal, com- pressed into a flat form, test yellowish, somewhat spongy, furnished with a membranaceous margin, along which the raphe runs. Empryo either straight or segmoid in the axis of a =, albumen, the radical extremity next the umbilicus. Rew DESCRIPTION OF THE Species, LiLivm Sreciosuille Stem a scaly bulb, from which springs the part bearing the leaves. ‘and flowers. LrEavEs scattered, alternate, shortly petiolate, lanceolate, acute, about six inches long, green on both surfaces but of a lighter hue beneath, 12 “which is almost shining. From the base to the apex of each leaf run several parallel veins or nerves, which are very prominent on the un- der surface, the central ones most conspicuous, the lateral ones less so. Fiowers axillary and terminal, solitary. Perricone (corolla of Lin- nean writers) of six folioles, of which three are exterior, three placed more internal, of an exquisite rose-colour. Each foliole unguiculate at the base, but with the limb reflected, whitish towards the base, but near the central part, of a pink or red ground, marked with prominent points and round spots. SrTamens six, filaments thick below, taper- ing towards the apex; anthers versatile: pollen brownish yellow. Sty.e one, somewhat club-shaped. Sriema yellow, 3-lobed. PopuLaR AND GeocrapuicaL Notice. This species, perhaps one of the most gorgeous of that tribe which Linneus termed the patricians of the vegetable kingdom, is a native of Japan, a country with the productions of which we are very imperfectly acquainted, owing to the jealousy of its people, which is as great as that of their Chinese neighbours. Siebold was, however, allowed to penetrate into the inte- rior, and brought off the present plant among his other spoils. INTRODUCTION; WHERE GROWN; CuLTuRE. The first plants were sent by Siebold to Holland, and by propagation are now in the hands of the nurserymen of Ghent, from whom bulbs were purchased by the Messrs. Loddiges at Hackney, in 1836. In their conservatory, flow- ers were produced in August, 1837, and to their extreme politeness we are indebted for the opportunity of figuring it. It is not yet ascer- tained what degree of temperature this splendid Lily will bear, but it may be presumed that protection from frost will be all that is requisite. A light loamy soil, upon a dry bottom, is favourable to the growth of such plants. From various trials of bog earth, however well it may have been pulverized by frost, or the addition of sand, we believe it to be injurious to.the growth of Lilies. DERIVATION OF THE NaMEs. Litem, from the celtic Lr, white, alluding to the purity of the roa known species. Speciosum, shewy, from the gay appearance of the flow SyNonYMEs. Litium sureRrsum. Tuuneerc. Flora Japonica, p. 134. Litium sPpeciosum. TavnperG. Transactions of Linnean Society, Vol. IT, p- 332, Bo peer, folio 2000 sae: : 4 pate @ Barne. dei. » PHILIBERTIA GRA’CILIS. “SLENDER PHILIBERTIA. EXOGENE, DICOTYLEDONES. Na ze ta shoe gar this Plant Teas gs NATURAL ORDER, ACLEPIADACE. & ©OROLLIFLOR2A, is Artificial divisions PENTANDRIA, oF Ny to which DIGYNIA, DECANDOLLE, H this Plant ae: OF LINNEUS. No. 46. GENUS. Puitisertia. Humporr and Kunra. Cauyx 5-partitus. Corou- LA urceolato-rotata, sinuato-quinque-loba, lobis acutis denticulis interjectis ; tubus brevis, mediante toro carnoso apice quandoque annuliformi et undulato gynostegii (columne staminex Brown) basi adnatus. Corona staminea sim- plex, 5-phylla, foliolis carnosis summo gynostegio insertis, integris. HERE membrana terminate. Mass pollinis clavato- cylindracee, ad apicem fere afixe. Stigma brevissimum vel breviter pects apice biapiculatum. Hooxer, a of Botany, Vol. 1, p. 290. TES. Purreerria craciuis. D. Dov. Foliis profunde cordatis cuminatis subt Miah corolla calyce ter longiore, coronz interioris foliolis ventricosis antic? mucronatis. Sweet's Flower Garten folio 403. CuaracTer or THE Genus, Paruipertia. Caryx 5-parted. Coroxa urceolate-rotate, ‘sinuately 5-lobed, lobes acute with little teeth interposed; tube short, adnate by means of a fleshy torus, by the apex, and, when the torus is ring-shaped and undulating, to the base of the gynostegium (the staminal column of Brown.) S7Taminat co- RONA simple, 5-phyllous; folioles fleshy, inserted on the top of the Synostegium, entire. ANTHERS terminated by amembrane. Pot- LEN MASSES cylindrically -club-shaped, attached almost to the apex. Stigma very short, or shortly beaked, two-pointed at the apex. DESCRIPTION OF THE SPECIES, PHILIBERTIA GRACILIS. PLANT perennial, entirely clothed with soft spreading hairs. Stems very slender not thicker than a crow-quill, twining, attaining the length of six feet. Leaves opposite, petiolate, cordate, oblique, acuminate, pubescent, soft, of a greyish green, lighter on the under~ surface. PETIOLEs slender, about half-an-ineh long. INFLORESCENCE umbel- late; umbels solitary, interpetiolary, of from 3 to 5 flowers. PEDUN- CLES filiform, from 1 to 2 inches long; pedicels bracteate, about half- an-inch in length. Bracts linear, acute. CaLyx of 5 leaves coher- ing at the base; segments linear-lanceolate, acute, spreading. Co- ROLLA three times as long as the calyx, campanulate, externally hairy, smooth within, the ground of a yellowish white, blotched with purple or flesh-coloured spots; limb spreading, 5-lobed; lobes triangular, acute, the sinuses or intermediate parts prolonged into short teeth. Corona double, the exterior one annular, entire, interior one of 5 fleshy gibbous, yellow segments, having each a short spur-like point on the inner side near the apex. Stamens 5, filaments short, mem- branous, connate. ANTHERS 2-celled, surmounted by a short, round- ed, truncate, membranous appendage. PoLLEN-masses club-shaped, somewhat compressed, smooth, yellow, waxy, glossy, pendulous, con- nected by a short, somewhat arrow-shaped chocolate-coloured gland. Gynostecium thickened, obtusely 5-angular, placed immediately be- low the two prominent lobes of the stigma; angles obtuse, resembling a gland, viscid. Ovaries two, swelling, smooth. Styxes subulate, longer than the ovaries. Sriemas small, truncate. Popu.ar aNp GeocrapuicaL- Notice. This addition to the ge- nus Philibertia is a native of the district between Buenos Ayres and Tucuman, where it was discovered by Mr. Tweedie, who sent it to his friends in this country, under the name of “Green-flowering Ascle- pias of Saint Kathrens.” Its flowers serve well to exhibit the curious structure of asclepiadaceous plants, for our general knowledge of which we are indebted to Mr. Robert Brown (Memoirs of Wernerian Society, Vol. I, p. 19.) whose acumen has also revealed to us the singular mode of fecundation of these plants. (Trans. of Linnean Society, Vol. XVI. INTRODUCTION; WHERE GROWN; CULTURE. Seeds of the Philiber- tia gracilis, were sent by Mr. Tweedie, in the later part of the year 1835, to various British cultivators. A portion of these were received by Mr. Nevin, of Glasnevin Garden, Dublin, who kindly supplied us with a drawing from one of his plants, which had been trained to a support in the stove, where it had proved evergreen, and flowered from May till October. It can scarcely be doubted but that if young plants be turned into the open ground, in May, and trained to a wall, they will become very ornamental. Cuttings strike root readily, and asoil composed of a sandy loam and peat proves suitable to its growth. Derivation or THE Names. Puruertia, in honour of J. C. Philibert, author of Notions élémentaires de botanique, et Introduction a I’ etude de la botanique. Gracriis, from the slender nature of the stem. SynonyMEs. PaILiBerTiA cracttis. David Don in British Flower Garden, folio 403. PHILIBERTIA GRANDIFLORA. Sir W. J. Hooker, in Botanical Magazine, 3618. STA‘'TICE ARBO’REA. TREE-LIKE STATICE. EXOGEN&, oR DICOTYLEDONES. _ Natural division . to which Q YZ re this Plant ant Vey NATURAL ORDER, PLUMBAGINACE. ee ee iat me ng i gecaroouelt ta eke valde No. 47. GENUS. Statice. Linwevs. Fores gal ammpoee Catyx mo- nophyllus plicatus subscariosus. Prrata 5-subconnata. Stamina basi peta- lorum inserta. Urricunus monospermus calyce settee SpreNncEx Species SPECIES. Srarice arporea. BrovssoneT. Cav1E arborescente, foliis ovatis obtusis mucronatis basi bs hewn panicula composita terminali, ramis panicule alato-ancipitibus. Wauitpenow. YEnumeratio Plantarum Horti Botanici Berolinensis, 1, p. 337. CHARACTER OF THE GENUS, Statice. FLowens spiked, or pa- nicled. Catyx of a single piece, monosepalous, plaited, somewhat searious. Prtaxts 5, slightly connate. Stamens attached to the base of the pas. Yi si one-seeded, inclosed in the calyx. IN 01 FATICE Arporea. STEM erect, som e woody. Leaves with long petioles ; radical leaves 23 inches broad. Stem leaves crowded at the top ches. PanicLe supported on a long peduncle, terminal, said a Feoryinh, which is roundish, or two-édged, the pedicels winged on each side. Catyx cup-shaped, angular, limb undivided, but acutely pointed, of a fine lilac colour, persistent. Corotza - white, tube nearly cylindrical, limb spreading, undivided, rounded, ~ eaducous, or quickly falling. Stamens 5, not so long as the tube of the corolla. Ovary oblong. Sryzes slender. — Poputar AND GrocrapuicaL Novice. Among the many beau- tiful species of Statice, none surpass the present one in elegance. It is a native of Teneriffe, and so forms a connecting link between the vegetation of tropical and temperate climates. INTRODUCTION ; WHERE GROWN; CuLTuRE. Though this species was introduced into the Botanic Gardens of the continent about the beginning of the present century, it was not known in this country till very lately. The merit of introducing it is due to Philip Parker Webb, Esq., who has spent several years in exploring the natural pro- ductions of the Canary Isles, and is now engaged with M. Berthollet, in publishing an account of them, under the title L’ Histoire Natu- relle des Isles Canariennes. This gentleman sent it to his garden, near Guildford, and permitted it to be propagated by Messrs, Penny and Young, of the Guildford Nursery. It is still extremely rare. Our drawing was made from a plant belonging to Wm. Leaf, Esq., Park- hill, Streatham. It may be kept in the Conservatory, but when the flower is setting it is better to have stove heat. There is not, perhaps, a more singular and beautiful display of the adaptation of vegetable action, to the purpose of reproduction than ex- ists in the Statice. It is, indeed, true that wonders meet us at every step we take through the mazes of vegetable physiology; and it should be esteemed a high privilege which man enjoys in being admitted to a knowledge of these operations of the Creator in the economy of His works. When we consider that such privileges are granted as a means of intellectual improvement and gratification, it would betray an apa- thy and a negligence unworthy of rational beings, were we to shut our eyes to these evidences of divine power and wisdom. The physiolo- gical fact to which we have alluded exists in the arrangement of the parts of fructification within the ovary of the Statice. It is known to the vegetable physiologist that the pollen has, generally, a direct com- munication through the style to the ovules. In these parts of the Sta- tice, an obstacle to such communication occurs by the interposition of a smal] membranous strap; no sooner, however, is the influence of the pollen exerted thereon but it slips aside, and a passage is opened be- tween the pollen and the ovules. To render this subject quite intelli- gible to all our readers, engravings would be necessary, and it will be one of our objects in the Guipe (attached to the BoranisT) to eluci- date such facts as these in the most distinct manner; and as far as we are able, to open to our readers that page of nature descriptive of her mysterious operations. DeERIvaTIoN oF THE Names. Statice, from YrariZw, STATIZO, to stop, some of the species possessing as- tringent properties. a REA, from arbor, a tree, as this species has a ten- dency to form a woody ste SynonyMes. oot ArporEscens. Broussonet. Catalogus Monspessulanus. ATICE ARBOREA. W Poiret, Encyclopedie Poromesi eeremnirt “ore ? erie daca ti a Bry, Wiito = WN Zo : NITIES ‘eg Litay Mijp "yz or x} MMU, %, ealih api ACA‘CIA PUBES'CENS. PUBESCENT ACACIA. EXOGENA, DICOTYLEDONE R. Natural division to eg ch this Plant belongs NATURAL ORDER, aa : oes 0 aay POLYGAMIA, 7 MON@RICIA, this net aR es OF LINNEUS, CALYCIFLORE, OF DECANDOLLE, No. 48. GENUS. Acacta. (Necker.) Friores 694 bam Caryx 4.5 dentatus. Prrara 4-5. nunc libera, nunc in corollam 4-5 fidam coalita. Stamra numero varia 10-200. LrcumEn continuum exsuccum bivalve. Decan pot. SPECIES. Acacia pupescens. R. Brown. Ramis teretibus aie. pin- nis she. ua foliolis 6-18 jugis lineari bus glabris, petiolo eglan Geena on tulis globosis pedicellatis seeus pedunculum axillarem longe race Isr CHARACTER OF THE oo seen FLoweErs wie amous. ‘oP : 0 sides, swollen, and artic zontal hairs. Some of ted; Bracts sol ar ) AC te i ad fa ling early. Ca- ee ro THE DissEcTIONs, 1 2% an waren mpage flower. 3, a flower, an omnia shewing the projecting stamens. seen from the back, 5, a flower of the natural size. 6, one of the Aen mre tess 1, 9, 3, 4, and 6, magnified, Lyx campanulate, smooth, of a pale yellow, very short, limb of 5 . ~ straight teeth. Coroxza of 5 straight petals, oval, acute, concave, inserted at the base of the calyx. Stamens numerous, yellow, ap- proximating at the base, distinct and spreading towards the upper part; filaments slender, longer than the corolla; anthers straight, rounded, two-lobed, opening by lateral lines. Ovary oval, obtuse, slightly compressed, smooth. Sryze lateral, straight, slender, longer than the stamens. StTiema simple. Popunar anp GeoerarnicaL Notice. This plant is a native of the Eastern part of New Holland. While the true Mimosas are almost completely confined within the tropics, the Acacias extend more to- wards the Poles, but chiefly the South Pole; their leaves are less irritable than those of the genuine Mimosas, such as the Sensitive Plant, but the Acacia pubescens is influenced by light in a very pecu- liar manner. Towards evening, or during gloomy weather, the pri- mary petioles bend downwards, while the secondary petioles take a horizontal direction, approximating each other by their faces. These movements, and the prevalence of such shrubs in the Southern hemis- phere, justify the introduction of them by James Montgomery, as a part of the scenery of the Pelican Island. Plants of superior growth now sprang apace, ‘With moon-like blossoms crowned, or starry — Light flexible shrubs, among the greenwood played Fantastic freaks,—they crept, they ene ats budded, And hung their flowers and berries in the As the breeze taught, they danced, they ‘ite. they twined Their sprays in bowers, or spread the ground with net-work. INTRODUCTION; WHERE Grown; CuLTurE. Introduced into Bri- tain in 1790. The plant from which our drawing was made, flowered in March, 1837, and continued in flower for two months, in the elegant conservatory of Wm. Leaf, Esq., Parkhill, Streatham. It grows about 18 feet in height, and constitutes, when in flower, the most beautiful sight we have witnessed in any collection i in Europe. It requires, like most New Holland plants, a free supply of water. DERIVATION OF THE ‘Names. Acacia, from aca%w Akazo, to sharpen, many species having sharp thorns. PuseEscens, pubescent, in bak Bg > the soft hairs, or pubescence, with which meer all the plant is coy SynonyMeEs. Acacta PUBESCENS. Robert Brown, in Hortus Kewensis, Vol. 5, p. 467. Bo- tanical e, Folio 1263. ries dolle. Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis. Pars. If, MIMosa PUBESCENS, Wake Sidin de Malmaison, t. 21. SOLA’NUM BALBISII. — f — BALBIS'S SOLANUM. EXOGENZ, DICOTYLEDONEZ. oR * Natural division to which iste this Plant belongs, NATURAL ORDER, SOLANACEA, COROLLIFLORE, &3 Artificial divisions PENTANDRIA, OF 5 aes __ to which MONOGYNIA, DECANDOLLE,. yi il this Plant belongs. OF LINNEUS, No. 49, GENUS. Soranum. Linwnevs. Caryx 4-15 dentatus lobatusve, persistens, wpe accrescens. Corotra rotata ; tubo brevi, limbo magno, plicato,5-angulato, 8 brevibus, interdum inequalibus; antheris oblongis bilocularibus, sepius equal- ibus, approximato-coadnatis, apice poris duobus dehiscentibus. Ovariom sub- rotundum; stylus filiformis; stigma obtusum subsimplex aut 2.-3-4-fidum. Bacca subrotunda, 2-3-4-locularis. Pouvcwer: Histoire des Solanees, p. 205. SPECIES. Sotancm Baxaistr. Dewar. Cavre fruticoso, villoso, acule- i wen ae soe : ; to; foliis pi i acutis sinuato-dentatis, racemis cymosis lateral- ibus terminalibusque. Duwaz: Histoire de Solanum, p. 232. CHARACTER OF THE GENUS, SOLANUM. Caryx of 4 to 15 teeth or or lobes, persistent, often ‘acerescent. Coro.ua rotate; tube short, limb large, plaited, 5-angled, sometimes 4-6 lobed, spreading. Sra- MENS 5, occasionally 4-6, filaments awl-shaped, short, sometimes une- qual ; anthers oblong, 2-celled, generally equal, approximating coad- nate, dehiscing by two pores at the apex. Ovary roundish; style slender, stigma obtuse, either simple, or 2-3-4-cleft. Berry roundish, 2.3-4-celled. SEEDS numerous, ovate, often compressed, surrounded by a thin diaphanous pulp. Descriprion oF THE Species, Soranum Bavsisit. PLanT erect, two or three feet high, stem intermediate between the consistence of a shrub and a herbaceous plant, branched. Whole surface, except the superior surface of the corolla, clothed with rough pubescence, having interspersed, on the stem, the mid-rib and principal nerves of the leaves on the peduncles and the calyx, stiff sharp-pointed aculei or prickics: (An intermixture similar to the hairs and prickles of many species of Roses.) Leaves alternate, petiolate, somewhat ovate, deeply pinnat- ifid, segments sinuately lobed or toothed, both surfaces pubescent, with aculei also along the mid-rib and nerves on both sides, upper surface deep green, under lighter, slightly viscid when touched. Racemes of 12, sup. flowers, both lateral and terminal disposed in cyme-like groups. Ca- Lyx 5-lobed, pubescent, with few aculei. Corotta large, spreading, 5-lobed, lobes rather acute, under surface slightly pubescent: upper surface smooth, colour ‘self pearly white. Sramens 5, equal, free, filaments short, anthers long, yellow. Ovary globose, style short, stigma capitate. Frorr nearly the size of a cherry, almost entirely cov- ered by the persistent accrescent calyx. SEEDs numerous, kidney-sha- ped, margined. PopunarR AND GeocrapnicaL Notice. The present species is a native of Brazil and other parts of South America; there are several varieties of it, as far as difference in the colour of the flowers is suffi- cient to constitute a variety, some being blue (which is the more gen- erally their hue) others purple (Bot. Mag. 2828) while our plant has the flowers white, and is altogether more delicate than the other two sorts. To this difference little importance should be attached, as the same di- versity of colour may be observed in the flowers of the common potatoe (Solanum tuberosum.) The fact of the calyx being in this, and sey- eral other species of the genus, accrescent is worthy of more notice, as a similar disposition to enlarge exists in the calyx of the Physalis Al- kekengi (the Winter Cherry) and the Nicandra physaloides (the Alke- kengi of the gardens.) INTRODUCTION; WHERE Grown; CuLtTurE. The blue-flowered variety was introduced in 1816, but we are ignorant at what time the present variety hecame known to British cultivators. We are indebt- ed to Mrs. Lawrence of Drayton Green, for the opportunity of hav- ing it drawn. It is kept in the greenhouse, which probably its greater delicacy renders advisable ; but the others seem capable of enduring our out-of-door climate. “A specimen” says Mr. Loudon in his Arbo- retum Britannicum, p. 1268.“planted against the wall in the Horticul- tural Society's garden, in 1833, grows vigorously, and flowers freely every year.” wisi piace oe OF dae ——— Basar, aceite dies Sivek diigseil tie? 6 tail ae Wa sorgcarianalsi? incase > SyNonyMeEs. Sotanum Baxpisn. Pins Histoire de Solan 232. ong um, p. pees Systema Soranum iaiaaiane Encyclop. Method. IV, p Souanum viscosum, Lagasca: Genera et Species, Ae 10, ate 145. whe (3 i 9 LS: Henson. det. Leconte ce C#t44 GSAOGOMAAIME . 5 et. EXOGEN &, etary ieaaisigt weg Natural division to which this Plant belongs. NATURAL ORDER, BERBERACE, i { ee a ‘ HEXANDRIA to which MONYG YNTIA, f DECANDOLLE. ie Plant a} OF LINNEDS. No, 50, pemaneen LEonTICE. Linnzvs. Serara 6 (nune on ental $ nuda. ‘Perara Oak. vesicaria 2-4 sp erma, SeMINA in org capsule inserta, eee Decanvotte. Prodromus regni vegetabilis, Vol. I, p. 1 SPECIES. E CHRYSOGONUM, Fouts vinsaiects, ee ses- silibus oyvali- Scab whic 3-5 fidis, b ariosis. Ibid. _ CHARACTER OF THE GENUs, peak. SEPALS 6 (in the present case varying from 3 to 6) without any bracteal scales. Petars 6, each of their claws bearing a small scale on the inside, (in this in- stance there is only a nectariferous pore.) CapsuLe bladdery with 2 to 4 seeds. SexEps attached to the bottom of the capsule, globose. DESCRIPTION OF THE Species, LEONTICE cHRYSOGONUM. The lower part of the stem forms a subterranean tuber, usually considered as part of the root, about the size of a hazel nut, from the bottom ot which the fibres forming the actual root proceed. From the upper part of the tuber spring about 4 leaves, with long petioles, the limb pinnately subdivided into 5 to 8 sets of segments, the uppermost gen- erally in pairs, the others in fours and so arranged as to be semi-ver- ‘ticillate and nearly cruciate, giving the leaf a compound appearance ; The segments cuneate, with the summits divided into 2 to 3 acute teeth, the terminal one largest and more divided, glabrous, glaucous-green, and mostly with a pale transverse band of purple. The scarious stipu- lx at the base of the petiole are concealed beneath the ground. Scapr branched, longer than the leaves, somewhat corymbose ; each pedicel rising from the axil of a blunt scariose bract, one-flowered. FLower golden yellow. Skrpats (in this specimen) 4 of unequal size, ovato- lanceolate, very caducous, somewhat coloured. Prraxs 6, obovate, REFERENCE TO THE DissEcTIONs. 1, A Flower bud. 2, A transverse m of it; shewing the estivation lg a * Petal. a5 Back of staen 5, Front of dio, Dit with the valves ofthe anber open 8, Section of ovary, shewing 2 ovules inside. eroso-truncate, with short claws, on the inside of which near the base is a nectariferous pore. STaMENs 6, with short filaments; the anthers adnate, 2-celled, each cell bursting inwardly by a valve opening up- wards. PisTm with a membranous one-celled ovary, the style short, laterally attached. Strema dilated and crisped at the margin. OvuLES (in this specimen) 2, erect, attached by funicular chords to a pedicel- late receptacle. J. 8. HEnsiow. Poputar AND Geocraputcat Notice. This plant is found in the corn-fields of Greece and Asia Minor, and was noticed by Rauwolf so long ago as the year 1573 as the “true Chrysogonum” of Dioscorides. He describes it in a chapter of his travels the title of which it is thus given in the translation by Ray. “A short and plain relation of plants which I gathered during my stay at Halepo, in and round about it, not without great danger and trouble, which I glued upon paper very carefully.” We believe that no figure of it has been published within the last century, but it has been represented five or six times in the rude cuts of the early botanists between 1582 and 1714. Meyen has separated this species from the rest of the Genus, under the name of Bongardia Rauwolfii, on account of the want of the scale on the inside of the petals, and the dilated stigma. But we are unwilling to admit the validity of the former flicient generic character, since a similar circumstance takes place in the genus Ranunculus; and we are not sufficiently impressed with the importance of the latter to consider it worth while to subdivide so small a genus as Leontice from this alone. INTRODUCTION; WHERE Grown; CuLTurE. This specimen flow- ered last March (1837), in the Botanic Garden, Cambridge, where two of the tubers had been sent the previous August by Mr. Hunne- man, with a note that they were the “ Bongardia Rauwolfii, from Persia; ~ made use of by the natives as an edible vegetable.” It grew about six inches high, and should be potted in a sandy compost. A cool part of the greenhouse is better suited to its early habit of vegetating than the cold frame. Derivation or tHE Names. _ Leonrice, Ncovruen, a classical name of some plant; adopted by Linneus instead of the ancient name of this species, Leontopetalum. CurysoconuM, Xpveoc gold, yovu the knee, where bright yellow flowers spring from the fork or knees © stem, scarcely applicable in the present case. Synonymegs, We can refer to no modern figure of this plant. Morrison: Plantarum his- toria universalis, Vol. II, Sect. 3, tab. 15, fig. 7. give a rude representation of it. : Plervece Clad toseo-cablesea fag. * ae MY Withers. wel. ~MEM'ULUS RO'SEO-CARDINALIS. HODSON'S HYBRID MIMULUS. EXOGENZ, ~ oR RODEY EE DOWER: Natural division to which , this Plant belongs POROLLIFLOR®, Artificial divisions « i * “prpywamia, re, Shia. to which ee ANGIOSPERMIA, DAN DOLLE. ie Plant belongs. ! OF LINNEUS, m9 muLvus. Livwevs. Caryx prismaticus. Cororta subcampa- vs Mn tri-loba falebie Seasons Stiema — Jr: Dis: pore latéribus cei. 3 HYBRID. Mim + Rosmo canara Henstow. Cave erecto, laxe ramoso, piloso. Foci ‘oratis dentatis, basi connatis. Fionisvs axillaribus, pedunculis su i tato. Coroxia superne’ acuta, bil r OP THE Genus, Mimutvs. Catyx prismatical. Cor- OLLA somewhat campanulate, two or three lobed, lobes nearly equal. : Stiema of two plates or lamella. Dissepiments placentiferous at the margins. DescriPTION OF THE Hyprip Mimotus, Roseo-carpina.is. At first sight, this Hybrid might be mistaken for a large and luxu- riant form of Mimulus Roseus, with flowers nearly twice the size - usually attained by those of that plant; but a careful comparison of it with Mimulus Cardinalis (see Botanist, No.2) and Mimulus Roseus, shews that it possesses many characters which place it inter- mediate between these species. In general habit it approaches most closely to Cardinalis, but the colour of the flowers, though of a darker tint, is nearly the same asin Roseus. The whole plant is covered with soft, glandular, and spreading pu- bescence. Stems, three feet or more, with flowering branches for about two-thirds of its height, (as in Cardinalis; whilst in Roseus the branches are more sparingly produced, and the stem frequently nearly simple) Leaves ovate, toothed, (more downy and more toothed than in Roseus ; of a darker green, plane, and not inflexed, as in Cardina- lis). INrLorEscence axillary, the peduncles about the same REFERENCE TO THE DissEcTIONs. 13, 1, The Corolla laid open, shewing the four didynamous stamens attached to its base. 2, The Pistil length as the flower. (In Roseus they are generally rather shorter, and in Cardinalis much longer) Catyx pentangular, five-toothed, (exactly intermediate between that of Cardinalis and Roseus. In the former, the teeth are about one-fourth the length of the Calyx,, and in the latter, about one-sixth; whilst the angles in the sinuses of the former are acute, and in those of the latter, right angles), spotted, with purple above, but only faint traces of spots below. (In Cardinalis the purple spots are distinct above and below; but in Roseus, there are faint spots on the upper side only). Conor, Tube distinctly longer than the Calyx, (In Cardinalis it is scarcely longer, and in Roseus, distinctly longer), laterally compressed, and somewhat angu- lar, or sub-carinate above, with three lobes or folds below (In Cardi- nalis it is still more compressed, and sub-carinate, both above and be- Jow. In Roseus it is not at all compressed, convex above, and with three folds below). Limb bilabiate ; the upper lip composed of one notched erect lobe, of which the laciniw are very slightly reflexed. (Much the same in Roseus; but in Cardinalis the lacinie are com- pletely bent back, so that their edges are brought close together). The lower lip has three spreading lobes, of which the lowermost is largest, and emarginate, and all are somewhat reflexed at the margins, which are slightly laciniate, and clothed with villose ciliz. ( In Cardinalis, the margins are much more. reflexed, irregularly laciniate, and have ciliz only towards the bottom of the sinuses. In Roseus,the margins are even, and nearly like those of the Hybrid. Throat bearded along two longi- tudinally disposed lines, with the intermediate space tomentose). In Roseus much the same; but in Cardinalis the beard is composed of shorter and more succulent hair). Colour of a deep pink, with pur- ple spots in the throat, some of which are more or less. confluent in longitudinal lines. ( In Roseus, the colour is paler, the spots more . distinct ; whilst in Cardinalis, the colour is scarlet, and the spots more confluent, and forming several distinct lines). STaMENs didynamous, attached to the base of the Corolla; the superior pair, a little shorter than the inferior. The inferior pair slightly exserted; whilst in Ro- seus they are just inserted. Filaments with a few purple spots; con- nective succulent. Pistiz. Ovary cylindric, shorter than the style. (In Cardinalis the style is about three times, and in Roseus twice as long as the ovary). The style reaching beyond the stamens, com- pressed towards the summit, and dilating into a bilabiate stigma. The style and stigma remain green for a long time, and when they wither, the ovules in all the specimens we examined turned brown and withered also ; whereas, in both the parent species (as in other fer- tile plants) the ovules begin to swell as soon as the stigma withers. Popvtar AND GeocrapaicaL Notice. A regret has sometimes been expressed at the production of hybrid plants, because they intro- duce a certain degree of confusion and difficulty into our technical de- scriptions and systematic arrangements. But surely the searcher after truth, the philosophical investigato™of the works of nature, must greatly rejoice at every fresh and striking result (however embarrassing for the moment) which has been obtained by the judicious application of a direct experiment. The more our experiments are multiplied, and the more precautions we take in securing the accuracy of our re- sults, the greater will be our chance of detecting those physiological law swhich regulate the variations and restrictions in forms in different species. One remarkable result, observable in the production of hy- brid plants, is the uniform manner in which several of them refuse to perfect their seed ; and if this character were constant in them all, we should possess an excellent law for distinguishing hybrids from true species. But it is now asserted that many hybrids do perfect their seeds ; still an obvious question presents itself, whether we ought not always to consider the parents of such hybrids really to belong to the same species, however dissimilar they may be in external form, whilst the parents of those which do not perfect their seed should be consid- ered to be distinct. The evidence which has hitherto been adduced, militates strongly against the existence of any such law, though we may hardly allow it to be sufficiently complete and definite to have completely settled the question. Besides the existence of certain hy- brids which never produce ripe seeds, and of others which readily pro- duce them, there are some which occasionally, but rarely, do so; and such we find to be the case with the present plants. Professor Hen- slow examined a great many of its ovaries in the Bury Garden, last summer, (1837) in all of which the ovules were abortive, and Mr. Hodson informed him at the time, that no perfect seeds had been pro- duced ; but since then we have heard from Mr. Turner, (the gardener in that establishment) that “a, few good seeds” have been produced. We shall be anxious to learn whether plants have been raised from these, and if so what are the forms which they assume. May we not ask whether those hybrids which refuse to perfect their seed in one climate, and under the combination of circumstances to which they are now subjected in the present state of the earth’s surface, might not in another climate, and under another combination of circumstances than that at present existing, be rendered productive, and thus be en- abled to assume the character of true species. If so, fresh light may be thrown upon the remarkable fact with which geology has made us acquainted, of a succession of perfectly distinct races of animals and vegetables at different epochs of the world’s existence, each adapted to some peculiar condition of our planet. Such a succession of different races seems to require us to admit that there must either have been a succession of fresh creations, or else such a marked transition between the forms of existing species and those of their offspring, that we are unable to recognize them any longer as specifically identical. These . speculations are fraught with the deepest interest. They serve to im- press us with some notions of the infinite distance at which the human understanding lags behind the perceptions of the divine wisdom, and to humble any petty conceits that we might be inclined to entertain of our own limited powers. If there is a certain difficulty even in preparing a mere technical description of the works of creation, as they may be seen and handled by us, how much greater must be those difficulties which we have to surmount, when we seek to enquire into those laws by which the past has been altered into the present state of things; and to trace the means by which organic beings have been framed, altered, and adapted to the several changes to which the earth has been exposed. Here we are trenching upon those paths of wisdom which possibly we shall never in this life be able to penetrate to any great extent ; and of which we must remain content to believe that “ God (alone) under- standeth the way thereof, and he knoweth the place thereof. For he looketh to the ends of the Earth, and seeth under the whole heaven.” Job, 28 ch. 23 v. INTRODUCTION; WHERE GROWN; CuLTureE. Thisshowy plant may be considered as a decided improvement upon the Mimulus Roseus. It was obtained from the seeds of a plant of that species, which had been fertilized by pollen from Mimulus Cardinalis. Many speci- mens were raised in the Botanic Garden of Bury St. Edmunds, which all resembled each other, and flowered for the first time, during the summer of 1837. We are indebted to Mr. Hodson, the diligent and intelligent director of the Garden, for the specimen here figured. Derivation oF THE NAMEs, Mimcetcs, from #ipw MIMO, a mon mkey,in allusion to the seeds, which resemble the face of this animal. Rosro-carp1NaLis,a distinctive term, compounded of the names of the two parent species. See the article, No. 385, Potentilla atro- sanguinea-pedata, in Maund’s Botanic Garden ¢ Prema tesdea paemanda ee SP Withers det IPOMA’A RU'BRO-C@RULEA. -REDDISH-BLUE sia nace EXOGEN 4, DICOTYLEDONE &. ge division hich this oe ee COROLLIFLORZ, Sx ‘(| Artificial divisions PENTANDRIA, : to which MONOGYNIA, DECANDOLLE. ‘i this Plant belongs, oF LINNEUS. No. 52. GENUS. Ipvomaa, Jaceviy. Catyx 5-partitus, nudus. Coroira cam- panulata vel infundibuliformis, 5-plicata. Ovarium 2-3- loculare, sep dis- ermis. Srvxus indivisus. Sriema capitatum,23-lobum. Capsura 2-3-locu laris. Rozzrr Brown. Prodromus Flore Nove Hollandiz SPECIES. Iromzs ruBRro-c@rvuLes. Hooker. Gish) foliis longe petio- latis profunde cordatis brevi-acuminatis. Pepuncutis 3-4-floris incrassatis sub- racemosis. Catrycts glabri laciniis (parvis) erectis appressis lineari-subulatis albo-marginatis. Corotta ampla infundibuliformis, limbo 5-angulato angulis mucronatis, stigmate bilobo. Hooxzr. Botanical Magazine, folio 3297. CHARACTER OF THE GENUS, IPoOMm#A., CALYX 5-parted, naked. Corotza campanulate or funnel-shaped, 5-plaited. Ovary 2-3-cel- led, cells 2-seeded. Sty.e entire. Sriema capitate, 2-3-lobed. Capsute 2-3-celled. DESCRIPTION OF THE Species, IPOMMA RUBRO-C@RULEA. STEM twining, smooth, tinged with purple, with rounded herbaceous branches. Leaves alternate, membranous, light-green, markedly cordate, having a deep sinus at the base, shortly but acutely pointed, entire, wavy, veined, ~ 9 petioles about equal in length to the leaves. Pr- . INFLORESCENCE somewhat race- ed, segments ail lineari-sub purple colour, with a whetah margin. Coroxta, before expansion, white at the base, becoming red towards the upper part, but when the flower is fully expanded, changing to a fine purplish or blue colour, 5-angled, 5-plaited; angles mucronate. Stamens 5; filaments une- qual in length, hairy at the base, attached to the lower part of the tube. Antuers oblong, yellow. Ovary oblong. Sry e slender. Stiema 2-lobed. Poputar aND Grocrapnicat Notice. The present species, which is regarded as one of the finest of the genus, is a native of Gua- naxuato, in Mexico. The disposition which it possesses in common with many species of the tribe, to extend itself by climbing, is but im- perfectly displayed in our stoves, compared with the freedom of range which it enjoys in its own country. One species of Convolvulus an al- lied genus in the Caraccas was trained 5,000 feet in six months ; which shews the extraordinary activity of the vital principle, when stimulated, and ministered to, by = — i of scat: gece within the tropics. The chang of this and many other plants, is one of the most curious and interesting phoenome- na, effected by the chemistry of nature. However varied the hues or brilliant the colours of flowers may be, there is originally no difference between these parts and the most unadorned portion of the plant: “for such colours do not exist in their primitive state, but are communica- ted, as it were, to vegetation, by its own act. The tissue of plants is in itself completely colourless, of a silvery white (as may be seen in the pith of the elder, or petals of the white camellia), or of an exceed- ingly pale yellow; the matters contained in the cells, are with a few exceptions, of the same hue: but all is changed, when they are once exposed to solar light.” The sunlight enables them to decompose carbonic acid, and form a peculiar principle called chromule, which has the property of combining with variable quantities of oxygen. “ It is therefore probable that all the various colours of flowers with the exception of certain special cases, depend in general upon the various degrees of oxygenation of their chromule.” See more extended ob- servations on this subject translated from Decandolle, in Library of Useful Knowledge. Botany, p. 120. INTRODUCTION; WHERE GROWN; CuLTurE. The seeds were trans- mitted from Mexico about 1831, by Mr. Samuel Richardson (an offi- cer of the Anglo-Mexican Mining association) to'J. D. Powles, Esq. of Stamford Hill, by whom they were liberally distributed. The plant from which our drawing was made, flowered in the stove of Robert Barclay, Esq. of Layton, Essex; and we were obligingly sup- plied with specimens of the same variety of a more purple hue, by W. Taylor Copeland, Esq. M.P. of Layton. It requires the usual treatment of the stove species of Ipomea. Flowers in October. spe or THE NAMEs. Troma, from I7ro¢ C 1 and ¢ similar, from closely emer the genus siivolvnian patetdeechrr from ruber, red, and coeruleus, bl from the two hues of the flower at different periods of its expansion. SynonyMEs. Troma RUBRO-ca@RULEA, Hooker, in Botanical Magazine, folio 3297. ‘ i X., my “Ww pe 7) : RG OL a OD olotedia P AES Withers: dal. | ooo ODORATA. SWEET-SCENTED RONDELETIA. EXOGENZE, DICOTYLEDONES. cage once this Plant cay NATURAL ORDER, RUBIACE. CALYCIFLOR&, Artificial divisions PENTANDRIA, oF to which MONOGYNIA, DECANDOLLE. this Plant belongs. OF LINNEUS. No. 53. BOREBEE TTD Ae | erage a a tubus subglob , limbus 45 pastel, lobis oblo persistentibus. ngis | ~ Cor tubo cylindrico vix apice subventricoso, abe patente 4-5-lobo, lobis aaadonili anther ape in apice tubi inc’ cluse penailes. Stiema bifidum. Capsvta globosa ~ alyce coronata bilocularis, p i valvulas 2 sepius apice fissas, dni fae “A-valvis videtur, loculicid i a ens. PLACEN tx centrales. Sem xa plurima minima ovato-a: angulata, sx é 2 tantum in to. culo maturescentia. Whee zLE. Prodromus Systematis Naturalis s Regni V. getabilis, pars IV, p. 406. SPECIES. Ronperetta oporata. Jaceuvin. Foliis vix _petiolatis ovatis aut subcordatis ee supra sparsé scabris, subtus ioribus in ner- vis tanttm scabris, corymbis terminalibus. Ibid, p. 408. CHARACTER OF THE GENUS, RONDELETIA. TuBE of the CaLyx subglobose, limb 4 or 5 parted, lobes oblong, or linear, acute, and per- sistent. Tuse of the Coroxa cylindrical, very slightly ventricose at the apex, limb spreading, 4-5 lobed, lobes roundish. Anthers 4-5, in- cluded within the apex of the tube, sessile. Stiema two-cleft. Cap- suLE globose, crowned by the calyx, two-celled, dehiscing from the apex into 2 valves, which are frequently cleft at the top, which gives the appearance as if it were 4-valved. DEHISCENCE, generally loculi- cidal, seldom septicidal. PiacenT# central. SeEps numerous, ovate, angular, of which often two only ripen in a cell. DESCRIPTION OF THE Species, RONDELETIA ODORATA. A Sarvs, (in its native country, about 5 feet high), branched, branches round, rugose, the younger ones villose. Leaves opposite, shortly petiolate, ovate, or ovate-elliptical, obtuse, the younger acute, rounded at the base, entire, reticulately veined, the primary veins and middle nerve prominent on the under side, leathery, hispid or rough, with hairs on the upper side, which is of a deep green, the under surface paler, REFERENCE TO THE DissECTIONS. ie nw. Pal 71. %.23 E *, .7 4b Fad 4, u £ 3 24%.2 $4, po % 3, The Pistil. ~ and only slightly hairy. STIpuLes interpetiolar, ovate, acuminate, pilose, erect, scarcely longer than the petioles. PEepDUNCLES terminal and axillary, opposite, disposed in a terminal panicle, which is dicho- tomous, and villose. FLowers shortly petals CaLyx superior, five-parted, pilose, segments linear, equal, sprea Coro..a‘hy- pocrateriform, flesh-coloured, externally clothed with silky hair; tube cylindrical, swelling towards the apex, twice the length of the calyx ; limb five-cleft, spreading, segments roundish, equal, internally smooth and orange-coloured; throat devoid of hairs. Sramens 5, inserted into the throat, scarcely protruding. FrtaMents slender,smooth. AN- THERS oblong-linear, smooth, attached to the back, two-celled, dehis- cing by a longitudinal dehiscence. Ovary inferior, somewhat pear- shaped, with silky hairs. Sryxe, the length of the tube. Sriama two-cleft. CapsuLe globose, crowned with the persistent calyx. PopuLtaR AND GeocRAPHICAL Notice. All the species which are entitled to rank under the genus Rondeletia, that we are at pre- sent acquainted with, are natives of America and the West Indies, with the adjacent Islands. This species is found in Cuba, near the town of Havannah, on bush-covered rocks, near the sea, and occasion- ally onthe naked rock itself. Under the powerful influence of the tro- pical sun, it evolves a sweet odor, but this, in plants in our stoves, so faint, as scarcely to be perceptible. An odorous principle is of frequent occurrence in the members of this tribe, of which the beauti- ful Luculia gratissima, in our preceding number is an instance. INTRODUCTION ; WHERE GROWN; CULTURE. Sent to the Messrs. Loddiges, in 1830, by Wm. Sharpe M° Leay, Esq. The plant from which our drawing was made, flowered in the stove of the Messrs. Lod- diges, at Hackney, in October, 1836. It is entirely a stove plant, and cannot bear exposure to cold, even in summer. In a compost of sandy loam and peat it will grow vigorously. When increase is re- quired, cuttings may be struck in clear white sand, under a bell glass, which should be wiped occasionally. DERIVATION OF THE NAMEs. RonDELerT1A, in compliment to Guillaume Rondelet, a physician, and author of sen on Algw, and Fishes. Oporata, odorous, from the fragrance of the flow ee RONDELETIA ODORATA. agen Stirpes REST p. 59 Linneus. Species 1,671. — Botani sh teats Folio 1905. tanical Cabinet. RonDELETIA speciosa, is an erroneous Nursery name. (i : Cyonoches : BERL Divode. u Mie Fay lon: tel CYCNO’CHES VENTRICO'SUS. _"" VENTRICOSE CYCNOCHES. ENDOGENZ, “3 MONOCOTYLEDONES. Natural division to which this plant belongs. NATURAL ORDER, ORCHIDACE. GYN. ce aime {i a. GYNANDRIA, ich MONANDRIA, robe: io Plant ‘alae or LINNEUS. No. 54. GENUS. Cycnocnes. Linvprey. PERIANTHIUM explanatum. Srp lateralia lanceolata, basi paululum sub labello connata; supremo suigtialicte Peraza latiora, falcata, decurva. LaBELLUM polio: eealeara aratum, columna continuum, lanceolatum. integerrimum, ungue abru alloso. CoLumMNa 25 OR sae teres, apice clavata, auriculis aber seas atis ad latera cli- andrii. ANTH bilocularis. Poxxinia 2, posticé suleata, subpedicellata, caudicula sae ete dul grossi. LinpLey, Genera and species of Orchi- ideous Plants, p. 154. SPECIES. Cyrcnocnes vENTRIcosts. SeEpatis petalisque lanceolatis acu- minatis reflexis, labello integro ventricoso acuminato, basi calloso, ungue bre- yi; columna arcuata sepalo supremo duplo breviore. Barzman. Orchidacer of ‘Mexico and Guatemala, pl. 5 CHARACTER OF THE GENUS, CYCNOCHES. PERIANTH spread out. Sepats lateral, lanceolate, slightly united at the base under the lip ; upper sepal narrower. Perraxs broader than the sepals, fal- cate, curved downwards. Lip free, without a spur, continuous with the column, lanceolate, entire, claw abrupt, callous. Coxtumn elon- gated, arched, round, club-shaped at the point, with two faleate auri- cles at the sides of the clinandrium. ANTHER two-celled. PoLien- MASSES two, furrowed behind, on a short pedicel, the tail linear, gland large. DESCRIPTION OF THE SPECIES, CYCNOCHES VENTRICOSUS. An epiphyte. Stems about a foot high, fleshy, slightly compressed, pro- ducing 5 or 6 lanceolate, acute, plaited leaves, of which the superior are the longest; these, after the flowering season, fall off, when the stem becomes shorter, and more swollen, and then is marked by longitudi- nal lines, as well as the horizontal contractions at the points whence the leaves fell. INFLORESCENCE racemose ; racemes proceeding from the axils of the upper leaves, sometimes two or more at one time, but more frequently in succession ; each raceme bears about five flowers, which open simultaneously, and continue expanded about three days. The racemes are at first horizontal, but are afterwards recurved by the “tis weight of the flowers, which are, consequently, always seen in an in- verted position. FLowers of a yellowish green. SEpats lanceolate, acuminate, the upper one being rather narrower, and the lateral ones slightly unguiculate. Petats broader than the sepals, curved down- wards. Lip somewhat heart-shaped, very much swollen on the upper side, hollow beneath, of the purest white, communicating with the co- lumn by a short claw, which, at its junction with the base of the lip, presents a black callosity. CoLumn round, and club-shaped, only half the length of the upper sepal, and at-its extremity bearing two small faleate horns, which guard the anther. CapsuLe very large, oblong, bearing innumerable minute seeds. Poputar anD GeoGcrapHicaL Notice. This remarkable plant, “simillima cyeno” is a native of Guatemala, and was discovered in the asc lea) of acini by ne pais cise ee us cel Skinner. F. to some members of the animal kingdom, it dis reserved for this ge- nus, to present the likeness of a swan, which is more observable in the Se FSROSES Searels a aki of Surinam, than in the present plant. To discover th , in both species, to reverse the flowers, which bowiver.; is only rato them to their original posi- tion. The observation of these singular forms excites the mind to en- quire, what is the object of their formation. This enquiry however, cannot at present end in a satisfactory result, unless we look upon them as designed perhaps chiefly to vary the mantle with which the Author of all has covered the surface of our globe.— “For not to use alone did goat Abound, but large example gav an. Of grace, and ornament, and elections rich, Tn bird, beast, a hy winged and creeping thing, In herb, and flow InrRopDUCTION; WHERE Grown; CuLTure. It was first received in Britain, in 1832, sent by Mr. Skinner, to James Bateman, Esq., of Knipperslay Hall. Our plant flowered in August, 1837, in the stove of Messrs. Loddiges. The mode of culture is the same as for that of Dendrobium, already detailed under No. 5. DerivaTion OF THE NaMES. CycyocuEs. Swanwort, from cicvoc, aswan, and avynyv, a neck, in allusion to the graceful curve of the ‘column of this plant, which resembles a swan’s neck. Ventricosvs. turgid, or swelling, from the swollen appearance of the upper side of the lip. a SyNONYMEs. Cresoc HES VENTRIcOsUs. Bateman. Orchidace® of Mexico and Guatemala, io — \CONSISTING oF Neigh hgh ain Leslie OF TENDER “AND HARDY (ose L “Plants nts; J) as 3 2 IF 2 Moat sa te B a lid Lo ued Jong Apalalloctivul Ganlifldaie a CONDUCTED BY B. i i F.1L.S- AsSiIs TED THE REY J.S5. HENSLOW, M.ALF.L.S. REGIUS PROFESSOR OF BOTANY HE WIVERSL =< OF bs aemeammieasl me | ay < THE BOTANIST: va CONTAINING ACCURATELY COLOURED FIGURES OF TENDER AND HARDY ORNAMENTAL PLANTS, DESCRIPTIONS, SCIENTIFIC AND POPULAR; INTENDED TO CONVEY BOT ORAL AND INTELLECTUAL GRATIFICATION. CONDUCTED wit B. woop cat F. = S. BY THE REV. J. 5. HENSLOW, M.A. F. L. 8. &c. ke REGIUS PROFESSOR OF BOTANY IN THE UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE. o The “a. a 4a h as 4 1g + - 22. Infinite Wisdom 3 7 Stoolt J. +: + ‘its screatures, } loft hei ei * be” mate E. Sueve : VOL. IL. : Mo. Bot. Garden, 1896. . PUBLISHED BY R. GROOMBRIDGE Sonlight ROW, W. WHIT Co. EDINBURGH; ROBERTSON AND CO. DU RIS; HAUMAN LIN; M, GALIG “bore agi CO. BRU esses AND JACK KSON, EW YOR INDEX TO THE SECOND VOLUME THE BOTANIST. Systematic Name. English Name. Na. Acacia longifolia, ............Long-leaved Acacia, Lt Acrophyllum venosum, ,......,Veined Acrophyllum emired mx pee 95 | Agapanthus umbellatus, ..,.., White-flowered heey. eon edb — — Manglesii, ..,...Mr. Mangles’s Anigozanthus, ...... or hocercis viscosa ..++++++++ Glutinous AERTS cishiaew es geegte, eo arate CLHOSA,: wes cts exes bie rin, mare Aristolochia, 96 —— * Barbacenia purpurea, ... flowered Barbacenia, .».+.,64-— Boronia pinnati,,. eee ¢+ cece gis pee scented Boronia, »..+.++ ae = Bossiea linophylla,,.....+++++»Flax-leayed Bossiea, ne Bossiza rufa, Rufous Bossixa, 8] ~ Calochortus albus, ............ White Calochortus, 98 —~ Candollea Cunninghamii,......Mr. Cunningham’s Candollea,......85 ~~ come _ ws e's 00 Fb fick pial OE NE CC OLDEMOR, 'si6 Ss oi ven s see's so orea Long-bracted Chlorea, ........».94 {{¢ Chorozema contntor, or eves vitenen leaved ratte San SE ae. su CHUNGE TUDIE, ivi cdi vcs. os Pink Rowered ONO, inc .s6 yss0ss88 > ae Cycnoches ventricosus, ,....... Ventricose Cycnoches, .... svenees so OP Wee A Cypripedium insigne, ita aseiree kable Cypripedium, ........56 Dahlia excelsa, ee Dahlia, ss-—— Dipodium punctatum, .... one hoot Dipodiam, 66 stoi nivalis, Pes ateeeeee se Showy ee ‘ ne 1 Eptsiediam,; | Bee Suphorbia jacquinielloré: Bs Facquinis lowered Euphorbia, ....100 — Euphorbia punicea, ..........Crimson-flowered Euphorbia,...... i a Fuchsia pewins evi towers cs Brilliant Fuchsia, ia Gesnera rupestri Rocky Gesn go}: + 1 el rupe Hardenbergia sesh ..»+One-leaved Hardcabersis evevess Ot Systematic Name. English Nam @. Hf Fe Helichrysum macranthum, ....Large-flowered etichiyetil, sees a AR, , Hovea purpurea,,........+....Purple-flowered Hovea, v0 2 eT: eo te Tpomeea rubro-cerulea, ,.......Reddish-blue Ipomeea, .,.....00¢+-92 “a ‘ Justicia speciosa, ............Shewy Justicia, a= — dya Marryattiana, .....,Mrs, Marryatt’s Kennedya, ........83-~ = aria spherica, ............Ruscus-leaved Liparia,........-++-977 ub lia ramos ranching Lobelia, ......++e00+++93 ve nec sontifotie; ooseeeces, Heart-leaved Manstis,, See0e sve ste Bbag en —— +s eeeeesees Crested Maxillaria, 8°S Hodson’s hybrid Stitruchus, fe eas Pimelea lanata, .....+..+++..+ Woolly Pimelea, 61 ae Platystemon senna -...Californian Platystemon,.....-.++-65 —— Poinsettia pulcherrima,.......,Most beautiful Poinsettia, ......- 79 Poinsettia puldbiecriians sees Showy poinsettia, ......eeeeeeee eT ortulaca Gilliesii, ..........Dr. Gillies’ Portulaca, ....s00000+078 7 Quisqualis canes Indian Quisqualis,,......+... a Rondeletia odora ted Rondeletin, « ieee "53 VI & omens Seainge teseweeses.. Woolly Sstiwais araxis pendula, .......ec000 Pendalous-lowered Sparaxis, ......62—~ Rese ae Thunbergia grandiflora, Telopea, wire : -.++-.Large-flowered Thunbergia,.. sevees Tweedia cewrulea, ............Blue-flowered Tweedia, ....400000557 Verbena Tweedieana, ........Mr, Tweedie’s Vervain,.. sssevs++++60 ~ Se ee. Dee Ge ea Ue er. Ok ea THE DICTIONARY, A — of which is given with each Number of So ties ty as published monthly, forms a separate V. THE GUIDE E A part of which is likewise annexed to each Number, also forms a separate Volume. d to the Numbers comprised in this lah " ¢ Leeedei etorestea ‘s — Mite 2 Mawrid, da, TWEEDIA CHRULEA. mage TWEEDIA. EXOGNE, j DICOTYLEDONE n= y- wy NATURAL ORDER, ASCLEPIADACE® : COROLETFLORE, & Ge ers i st PENTANDRIA,’ to pn oy ae eae vavipaonEn: this Plant belongs. LINNEU: No. 55. GENUS. Twrrpra. Hooxer and Arnorr. Conorra rotata, 5-partita: corona simplex, —, folielis lignlatis, integris, i as revolutis, basi auri- eile Gynostemium 5-angulare, pyramidatum THERE membrana ter- inate. Masse pollinis ex apice loculi phadule, date, pedicello utroque unidentato; glandula lineari, obtus4, erect4, hine canaliculata. TIGMATA acuta. Foxzicunt leaves. Srmina comosa. D. Don, in Sweet's British Flower Garden, folio 407 SPECIES. Resi cervuLEs. Don. Cavre volubili, tomentoso; foliis oppositis cordato-oblongis. Ibid. CHARACTER OF THE Genus, Twrepia. Coroxia rotate, 5- parted; corona simple, 5-leaved, folioles ligulate, entire, revolute at the apex, auricled at the base. GyNosTEMium 5-angled, pyramidical. ANTHERS terminated by a membrane. PoLLEN-masses pendulous from the top of the cell, clavate, each pedicel one-toothed: gland li- near, obtuse, erect, channelled. StT1emas acute. FoLioLes smooth. SEEDS comose. DESCRIPTION OF THE Sprcies, TWEEDIA C@RULEA. A peren- nial evergreen plant, with fibrous roots, and herbaceous or somewhat woody twining slender stem, attaining the height of 6 feet, scarcely branching; the whole surface, except the upper lamina of the corolla, clothed with downy whitish hairs. Leaves opposite, petiolate, cor- date, lanceolate, entire slightly pointed, from one and a half to two inches long, half an ineh broad; posterior lobes rounded, approximat- ing or overlapping, RESCENCE umbellate, nterpetiolar, umbels 3-5 flowered. PEDUN- curs longer than the leaves; pedicels slender, about half an inch long, with two awl-shaped bracts at the base. Caryx 5-parted, seg- ments lanceolate, acute, hairy externally, smooth internally. Co- ROLLA rotate, 5-parted, under surface pinkish, upper light blue, the a 0 THE neers 1, Corolla open, Seed vessel, two-thirds of its natural size, opened to show tse ach crownel coma or sky th compan ofsingl omy arpa 14, tubes, of variouslengthsup base having five nectariferous cavities; segments elliptico-oblong, scarcely pointed ; corona simple, of five segments, which are ligulate obtuse, fleshy, revolute at the apex. Stamens 5, forming a mona- delphous tube around the styles ; filaments membranous; anthers yel- low, terminated by a broad, oval, retuse, membranous appendix. Po.ieNn-masses club-shaped, compressed, amber-coloured, pendu- lous; each pedicel having a sharp recurved tooth. GLanp linear, ob- tuse, erect, channelled externally, of a chocolate colour, shining, longer than the pollen-masses. GyNosTEMium 5-angled, the apex prolonged, conical, white; angles blunt, orange-coloured. Ovaries 2, smooth, swelling. Styzies short. Stiemas compressed, acute. Poputar anp GrocrapnmicaL Notice. This highly ornamental’ plant was discovered by Mr. Tweedie, at Tucuman, in South Ame- rica. In addition to the beauty of its flowers, which are displayed from April till August, their colour merits attention, as the hue which they present is of rare occurrence in this tribe, though frequent in the allied one of the Apocynacer, (of which the Vinca or periwinkle is an example), yet a similar colour exists in the Marsdenia tinctoria, growing in Silhet, in the East Indies, where it yields an excellent in- digo, and it is not improbable that indigo might be procured from this Tweedia. The Gymnema tingens, has also blue flowers, and is used in dying. The Nerium tinctorium, (Réottler), now Wrightia tinctoria (R. Brown), among the Apocynacex, is preferable for cultivation in India, as a source of ‘indigo, to any Indigofera, (See Royle’s Illustra- tions of the Flora of the Himalaya, p. 270). Sir W. J. Hooker re- gards this genus Tweedia as allied to Metastelma; Prof. Don, to Sarcostemma, which last has the corona double. Inrropuction ; WHERE GRowN; CuLrurr. Seeds were sent by Mr Tweedie, in 1835, to Mr. Niven, of the Glasnevin Garden, Dub- lin, to whom we are indebted, for the opportunity of publishing this de- sirable novelty, as well as for the following information. “The seeds were sown on a smart bottom heat ; Ferow it in flat seed pans, filled with sandy loam, and a little peat, trained to a mat trellis in a sunny exposed situation in the stove. The effect of its lovely sky- blue flowers, when so managed is beautiful in the extreme. It may be propagated by seeds or cuttings.” DeERIvation OF THE ; Names. Tweepis. Justly named in mone to Mr. Tweedie, its disc Ceerulea, blue, the colour of the go ‘ sabre NONYMEs. TWEEDIA C@ERULEA "Yen ;in Saati British Flower Garden, fol. 407. TWEEDIA VERSICoLOR. Hooker, i in Botanical Magazine, folio, 3630. CYPRIPE’ DIUM INSIG’ ee REMARKABLE € ighectrag F ENDOGEN2, Restor voss ait ( Natural division to which ‘ 1 this p!ant belongs, y NATURAL ORDER, ORCHIDACE, GYNANDROSE, Sagan divisions GYNANDEIA, oF to which ioe | DIANDRIA, LINDLEY. | this Plant belongs. OF LINNEUS. No. 56. GENUS. Cyrnirspivm. ss alan Perigonii patente foliola exteriora ennremn forme, quinquinerve; interiora angustiora. Lasencem maximum inflatum eal. ceiforme. 5 ye — A on Pees, apice trifida, lobis jateralibus. subi enthe: riferis, i eo-dilatato. ANTHER# loculis retis subbi- valves. Potten pace gramaosen, Srrema deltoideum, sirken faciem in- fra antheras oceupans. Caprsuza unilocularis, mete parietalibus tribus, Semina plurima, stokiiocmias Brewed Genera Plantarum, p. 220. SPECIES. Cyprirepium 1nsicnNE. -WaLLicn. pcan foliis pee cs bara seuyo se ont dimidio brevioribus sperianthii incinia superiore irate roinatal » infe riore labello venoso basi inflexo paulo longiore. Linpiry. Collectanea Bot- anica : CHARACTER OF THE GeNus, CypripeDIuM. The external folioles of the spreading perigone (perianth of some writers) lateral, one-ner- ved, hid by the Jabellum (or lip), free or united, the upper uniform, 5- nerved: internal folioles narrower. Lup large, inflated, slipper-shaped Cotumn short, nodding, 3-cleft at the apex, the lateral lobes antheri- ferous below, the central one sterile, dilated and petal-like. ANTHERS with the cells distinct, nearly two-valved. Pow.en pultaceously granular. Stiema deltoid, occupying the face of the column below the anthers. CaPsuLE one-celled with 3 parietal placente. Sxreps nu- merous, resembling grains of dust. DESCRIPTION OF THE Species, CYPRIPEDIUM INSIGNE. Fcc ceous, stemless, Leaves radical, few, equitant at the base, distichous, cartilaginous, ligulate, one half shorter than the flower stem or scape, keeled on the under surface, glabrous, of a yellowish green colour. Scare round, pilose, nearly a foot long, curved down- wards at the upper part, where it is furnished with an ovately-oblong, green, smooth, compressed spatha. FLower terminal, solitary, of con- siderable size, from 3 to 4 inches wide. Outer segments of the peri- anth 3, (but apparently only two, the lower being formed of two co- hering ) broadly ovate, or rounded ; the lower entirely green, the up- per green, but whitish towards the top, the surface with numerous brown spots. INNER SEGMENTS two, lateral, spreading, oblong, be- coming wider towards the extremity, yellowish green, traversed by purple lines, connected by the transverse bars. Lip large, saccate, reddish green externally, internally yellow. CoLumn short, having at its extremity a large lobe, which is yellow, obversely-heart-shaped,’and slightly convex, glandular below, covered with minute reddish hairs above: beneath this, towards the base, are two filaments, each bearing one anther. AnrTHERs yellow, sessile, two-lobed. Lopes somewhat unequal. | PopuLar anp GeoerapnicaL Notice. This species of one of the most shewy of the genera of orchidaceous plants, is native of a part of the world, where few of the genus have hitherto been found: Dr. Wal- lich discovered it in Nepaul, whence Cypripedium venustum was sent by the same botanist, constituting with Cypripedium purpuratum, more recently brought from the Malayan Archipelago, a small tropical section of a genus, the majority of species of which he found in the temperate and colder parts of the northern hemisphere. Even Britain can exhibit one species, Cypripedium calceolus (Lasies' ee) Many are found in North America. INTRODUCTION; WHERE GRowN; CuLturRe. It was sent by Dr. Wallich to the late Mr. Sheppard of Liverpool, about 1822. The plant whence our drawing was made flowered in the inexhaustible collection of the Messrs. Loddiges. It grows ina pot of very light sandy peat, placed on a stage. Like many other plants from Nepaul and the more northern parts of India, it by no means requires a high tem- perature. \ It may be kept in the conservatory, or even havé the pot sunk in the open ground, during the sammer months, without endan- gering its existence, or impairing the freeness of its flowering. DERIVATION Or THE Names. Cyrripepivm, from cuxpic Cyprus, one of the names of Venus; and wodtoy nediom,a slipper Station distinguisher, being one of the most remarkable of bia: SyNonyMEs. CyrrireDIvUM IxstGNE. Wallich Mss. Lindley Collectanea Botanica, t. 32. Hooker Exotic Flora, t. 34. Loddiges’ Cabinet, t. 1321. Botanical pectin ? Slat ln borgen rnonof ‘ya ‘ MB hed HARDENBER'GIA MONOPHYL'LA. Variety: longiracemosa. EXOGENZE. DICOTYLEDONEZ. Natural division to which this Plant an NATURAL ORDER, LEGUMINOSAE, (3, j Artificial divisions DIADELPHIA, WEY to which DECANDRIA, this Plant belongs, OF LINNEUS, No. 84. CALYCIFLORA, OF DECANDOLLE. NUS. Harpenpercta. BENTHAM. Catyx campanulatus, breviter quinquedentatus, subbilabiatus. Cororr® vexillum orbiculatum integrum vel breviter emarginatum basi ee ee unguiculatum, alis longi- e press isthmis cellulosis submultiloculare. Semrna_strophiolata. riereds Serer Australassici sepius glabri. ob pinnatim trifoliolata vel unifvliolata, foliolis stipellatis. Stipv_# et bracteew minutz, pedunculi axil lares,multifiori. Prpicettiebracteolati. CatycEs ‘glabri. CoroLL® | vel violacee. Bznr#am in the Annalen des Wiener Museum v. 2, p. 124. SPECIES. Harpensercia MonopHYLLA. BentrHam. Fo tis unifoliol tis, foliolo lanceolato vel oblongo, basi subcordato, racemis petiolo meio and gioribus. CHARACTER OF THE GENUS HarpenBureia. Catyx bell-shaped, with 5 short-teeth, slightly two-lipped. STanparp of the corolla or- bicular, entire or slightly emarginate, without any appendages to the - base and with a very short claw, longer than the wings. Wines ob- ao liquely obovate-oblong. Kerex adhering to the wings beyond the. middle and shorter than them, curved and blunt at the extremity. Stamina distinctly diadelphous, the free stamen arnighs ae pot ar- ticulated. Ovary with severa Poviles. Style short, ascen late. Strema capitate usually with a short tuft of ha linear, flattened, almost divided into. several | stance. SEEpDs with a strophiola. Description oF THE SpectEs HARDENBERGIA MONOPHYLLA. A ‘ligneous climber, smooth in all its parts. Brancues slender, rather stiff and somewhat angular. Leaves alternate. STIpULES mem- branaceous, brown, ovato-lanceolate, pointed, al lineslong. Prti- oes from half an inch to an inch and a half long, bearing a single leaflet, at the base of which are two minute stipelle. LEAFLET lance- olate or oblong, blunt at the extremity, with a minute point at the end of the midrib, truncated or somewhat heartshaped at the base, coria- ceous and very much reticulated on both sides. RacEmes axillary or terminal, varying much in length, but always considerably longer than the petioles, and many flowered. Prprcets one flowered, gener- ally two together from the same point, with minute bractez at the base, Bracreou# wanting. Catyx bell-shaped, pale green, with five short teeth, of which the two upper are joined together into a sort of upper lip. Perrats in the ordinary variety of a deep blue, in that now fig- ured of a reddish lilac. Sranparp patent or bent back, nearly orbi- cular, emarginate at the top, and contracted at the base into a short stalk, marked in the centre with a double green spot. Wines and keel borne on longer stalks and darker coloured than the standard. Leeume linear, compressed, smooth, generally about an inch long, Popuar anD GeoerapnicaL Notice. Hardenbergia, a group separated from the old genus Kennedya, contains six species of climb- . ers, all found in extra-tropical Australia, all of them very much alike in general appearance and colour of the flowers, and all highly orna- mental from the great profusion of their flowers when under proper treatment, and next to the Zichyas, they form the handsomest of the groups of which the old genus Kennedya consisted, and which are still known under that name in our gardens. As this dividing of Kennedya may probably be the occasion of a repetition of the complaint against botanists, that they are con- tinually changing the names of plants, it may not be out of place to add here a few remarks on the principles which have guided those who have made really useful changes ; and by which, however much they may have been lost sight of by many an aspirant to botanic fame or notoriety, the validity-of any proposed alterati h ll ever be tested. The name under which a plant was first published, commencing from the time of Linneus, should not be altered except in the follow- ing cases : = 1. Unless it be preoccupied by another plant. : 2. Unless it be the name of a genus to which the plant does not in fact belong. 3. Unless the progress of science render it expedient to divide the’ genus. . 4. It has also been contended by some, that where the name of a plant has been preoccupied by Zoologists it ought to be changed; but since the great increase in the number of genera, both in Zoology and Botany, has rendered an extensive study of both sciences by the same individual almost impossible, this evil can scarcely ever now be corrected without producing still greater confusion. 5. Others again, without sufficient reason, have proposed to dis- card certain names because they were contrary to the Linnean canons; and this has been done more especially for the sake of euphony. But this, in the present day, would lead to interminable alterations ; for what is considered harsh in one language is often not so in another, and botanical nomenclature is made for the whole scientific world, not for any one nation. Thus the Russian Kraschennisiikovia, the Polish Andrzejowskia, the German Kirsch liegeria, Schwenkfeldia, or Escholtzia, which sound so awful to og are gor pi me a respective authors when compa ed to our Sedgwichia, Matthewsia. Chases therefore for mere enn are a to be deprecated. It is under the sanction of the third of these cases—viz. the subdi- vision of genera, that the most frequent alterations are made, and it is here that the imperfection of human capacity will éver lead to variation and uncertainty. Wherever, as the science advances and the number of species increases, the expediency of breaking up a genus is very evident, if undertaken by a competent author, the result of his labour is usually at once adopted, and but little inconvenience follows; but unfortunately, it is now very much the custom for young and inex- perienced botanists to commence their career by splitting up old gen- era into groups, which they establish on arbitrary principles; others then refuse to accede to the alterations, and so every species acquires two or more names, until nothing but confusion ensues, which the true botanist regrets sincerely though the remedy be out of his power. The subdivision of Kennedya, first proposed in the second volume of the Annals of the Vienna Museum of Natural History and now adopt- ed, was only resolved upon after a careful examination of the greater number of species now known (about 20) and of all those of neigh- bouring groups which could be obtained, and the result was a convic- - tion that the arrangement would be much more conformable to the principles upon which other Phaseole are distinguished, and the genera be much easier understood and defined, if four distinct groups were es- tablished,independantly of the Kennedya tabacina, which with the Gly- * ine clandestina, and thers, belongs toa very distinct fifth genus. It will also, it his hoped, be readily admitted that the divisi fe d are easily recognisable without entering into the minutiz of botanical characters, and are therefore natural; for surely the small blue or somewhat pink flowers in slender branches of Kennedya monophylla, Comptoniana, &c (which are all Hardenbergias) are very different from the large long scarlet or purple flowers of Kennedya Marry- attiana, prostrata, nigricans, &c. We confidently trust, therefore, _that we shall not, on this occasion, be set down by more able botanists as one of the herd of rash innovators, and that even our lovers of hor- ticulture will not refuse to adopt a name destined at once to do honour to alady, most zealous in the promotion of botany and horticulture at Vienna, and to her brother whose tour of six years over a great part of the globe, has done much for the advancement of several branches of natural science. G. B. INTRODUCTION; WHERE Grown; Cutture. The Hardenbergia monophylla was first introduced from Botany Bay, about the year 1790, since which time it has been increased and become a great orna- ment to most greenhouses. This very elegant variety of the original plant was raised from New Holland seeds, by Messrs. Rollisson of Tooting, in 1830. The specimen here figured was obligingly supplied from the Birmingham Botanic Garden, where it flowered in March, and had grown to the height of four feet. As may be seen by our figure of this elegant twiner, it is well adapted for ornamenting small columns or a light trellis in the greenhouse. It will grow still more luxuriantly if planted in the border of the conservatory. Sandy loam with a small proportion of peat makes a suitable soil for it, and in- crease may be obtained from cuttings. Derivation or THE Names. Harvenserera in honour of Frances Countess Hardenberg, sister of Baron Charles von Hiigel of Vienna. Monopnyiia one-leayed, each petiole hav- ing in this species but one leaflet, whilst in several others there are three. NONYMEs. KENNEDYA MONOPHYLIA. (Ventenat) Malmaison, t. 106. var. longeracemosa, Botanical Register, t. 1336. Harpvensencia Movornyria, Bentham in Hiigel Enumeratio Plantarum Nove Way az » Al af aa MC Sram ee Fé a ve oblen Ca % Z, pigs Weviat. ve, q. rachis -o OPPPOLE-. > Z a See ee “MR. CUNNINGHAM’S CANDOL NATURAL ORDER, DILLENIACEA, ——— Artificial divisions a POLYADELPHIA, to which cS POLYANDRIA, secawnpoiss. this Plant belongs. OF LINNEUS. No. 85, CAnDOLLEA. LapILLaRDIERE. SEPALA quinque, ovata, mucro- nata, persistentia. Prtara quinque, obovata aut obcordata. Stamina nume- THERE oblonge. Carpewta tria ad sex, ovoidea intus dehiscentia, stylo acu- minata, oligosperma: Semina ovoidea; Albumen carnosum; Embryo minnu- tissi SuFFrrvTicss erecti vel subvolubiles. Forra alterna ad apices ramo- rum vel in axillis sepe conferta, integra aut apice dentata, linearia aut cune- ata, basi amplencenie demum szpius transversi secta. Fores flayi ad apices ramulorum solitarii SPECIES. Canpottea CunnIncHAMII. Glaberrima, foliis linearibus in- tegerrimis, floralibus apice nudis, floribus ad apices ramulorum brevissimorum axillarium pedunculatis, petalislate obovatis sepala obtusa vel mucronulata ADE: 4 CHARACTER OF THE GENUS, CANDOLLEA. SEPALS five, ovate, mucro- nate, persistent. PETALS five, obovate or obcordate. STAMENS nume- rous, all or most of them, more or less connected at the base into several bundles opposite to the petals, nearly equal in size, or more frequently the exterior ones shorter or sterile. ANTHERS oblong, CaRrPELs three to six, oyoid. ALBUMEN fleshy. EMsryo very minute, DESCRIPTION OF THE SpeEciES, CANDOLLEA CUNNINGHAMIL. A low shrub, perfectly glabrous in all its parts. Brancnzs slender flexuose, and disposed to climb, reddish, smooth and shining. LEAvEs alternate, linear, about an inch and a half long, with one nerve, ter- minated by a little point, no cross veins apparent, the margin entire and a little curved downwards, rather narrowed near the base, and then dilated and clasping the stem, breaking off transversely close to the base, leaving a semicircular scar round the stem. FLOWERING BRANCHES very short and axillary, having the appearance of a small bunch of axillary leaves, from whence springs the peduncle, from an inch, to an inch and a half long, bearing-at its summit a single yellow flower. Sepats five, very much over-lapping each other, green, with whitish edges, and with a bract resembling the sepals, but smaller, close under them. PETAts five, half as long again as the sepals, nearly as broad as long, and slightly emarginate. STAMENS nume- rous; the filaments nearly all free to the base, but collected into five bunches, alternating with the ovaria, the inner filaments about twice as long as the oblong anthers, the outer ones much shorter, filiform and sterile. Ovartes five, glabrous, each with two erect ovules, the styles nearly as long as the stamens, with an obtuse slightly capitate stigma. Seeds unknown to us. Popvtar anp GeocrapuicaL Notice. That the plant figured under the name of Hibbertia Cunninghamii, t. 3183, of the Botanical Magazine, cannot remain in that genus, without a considerable modi- fication of the generic character is evident, as the stamina of Hibber- tia are expressly given as “qualia” in contradistinction to those of Hemistemma, in which, as in the species in question, the external ones are abortive, and reduced to filiform rudiments. It is not, however, a Hemistemma, as in that genus al] the stamina are inserted on one side of the ovaria. The habit and foliage of our plant brings it nearer Candollea, and although the stamina are but very slightly connected together, yet they are distinctly grouped into five bunches, and it may require less change in the character of Candollea, than in that of any other genus to include it, provided the seeds are not essentially differ- ent. The pedunculate species of Candollea are very ornamental ; they have a further claim to a place in the collection of every lover of botany, from their association with the name of one to whom the sci- ence is so deeply indebted; not only for the herculean labour of his * Prodromus” but for the clear, and logical manner in which he has col- lected, digested, and expounded the principles of botany, in his nume- rous theoretical works. Intropuction; WHERE GRowN; CuLture. The plant figured in the Botanical Magazine, was introduced by Mr. Allan Cunningham, from King George's Sound, to the Royal Gardens at Kew, where it flowered, in 1832. Our drawing was made from a fine specimen in the greenhouse of the Birmingham Botanic Garden, in June. It should be potted in a mixture of peat and loam; and may be obtained from cuttings of the young shoots, which quickly strike root under a bell- glass. Derrvation oF THE NAMEs, CanporiEA, named by Labillardiere, in honour of Professor De Candolle of Geneva. Cunnincuammr, in honour of Mr, Cunningham. YNONYMES. Heppertia ConnincHamia, Hooker: Botanical Magazine, t, 3183. * AGAPAN’THUS UMBELLATUS. WHITE-FLOWERED AGAPANTHUS. ENDOGENA, oR MONOCOTYLEDONES: Natural division to which “ this plant belongs, ta Sve ar mcrae el a Ps g z me ows seueen NATURAL ORDER, LILIACEZ. sa divisions HEXANDRI TA, which ONOGYNIA, this Plant belongs. be LINNEUS. No. 86 GENUS. Acapantuus. L’Heririer. Periconium ae tubulosum tubo brevi, limbosexpartito, equali, patente. Sramrna sex, basi limbi Zreekttiey: filamenta inequalia, subdeclinata. Ovartum triloculare. a plurima, bise- riata, adscendentia, anatropa. Styuuvs filifurmis, declinatus; stigma subtrigo- num, leve. Capsuia oblongo-trigona, trilocularis, septicido-trivalvis. Semina plurima, adscendentia, plano-compressa; testa membranacea, spadicea, superne in alam producta. carat ane a in basi albuminis umbillico proximus. HERB capenses, scap dice i i i rum umbella snealantl elaine EnpiicuEr. Genera Planta- rum, p. 142 SPECIES. Acaranrnus umpexiatus. L’nerririer. Scapo foliis lineari- bus longiore, floribus umbellatis, tubo brevissimé. WaizipENow. Species Plantarum, v. II, p. 4 CHARACTER OF THE GENUS, AGAPANTHUS. PERIGONE of the nature of a corolla, tubular, the tube short, the limb divided into six - equal spreading divisions. Stamina six, inserted in the base of the limb, filaments unequal in length, tending downwards. Ovary of three . cells. “Ovuta several, placed in two rows, ascending, anatropous. Sty.e filiform, tending downwards, stigma somewhat three-angled, smooth. Capsu Le oblong, three-angled, three-celled, splitting in the middle of the cells into three valves. SEEDS several, ascending, flat ; testa membranaceous, brown, extending on the upper side into a wing. EMBRYO minute, situated at the base of the albumen next the hilum. DESCRIPTION OF THE SPECIES, AGAPANTHUS UMBELLATUS. Root consisting of a bunch of thick fleshy fibres. Leaves folded at the base, and somewhat bifarious, about a foot long, somewhat obtuse, flat towards the extremity, and varying from half an inch to an inch in breadth in the different varieties. Scape erect, shorter, or more fre- quently longer than the leaves, cylindrical, smooth, bearing at the apex a large umbel of fifteen to forty flowers, enclosed when young in an ovate convolute membranous spatha, which splits into two valves and falls off as the flower opens. Each peduncle is from one to two inches long, having at its base a linear bract. The flowers vary much in size, from 14 to 18 lines in length, the tube is sometimes 4 or 5 lines long, sometimes split almost to the base, and in colour they vary from an intense blue to white. The Agapanthus umbellatus, perhaps the only species known of the genus, is a native of the Cape of Good Hope, and has been long in cultivation. It is a great ornament to those gardens where space can be afforded for the larger growing species of tender Cape bulbs. Several remarkable varieties in the size and depth of colour, in the breadth of the leaf, and height of the plant have already been figured, but the present one appears to be both scarce, and as yet unpublished. In the aspect of the plant, and the form of the flowers, it approaches nearest to the narrow-leayed variety figured by Redoute, vol. 7, No. 403, of his Liliacee, but there is not any blue in the colour of the flow- er, and the tube is perhaps more deeply divided. “The peduncles in this, as well as in Redoute’s No. 403, are generally longer than the corolla, though not perhaps double the length, and this is so variable a character, that unless some differences in the internal structure be found, it is difficult to consider as a distinct species either the Agapan- us preecox, or the Agapanthus multiflorus of Willdenow. G. B. same kind of pro- but is in other respects easy requiring only plenty of room to come to perfection. Our drawing was made by Mr. Linneus Pope, of Handsworth, from a finely flowered plant in the possession of Captain Bennett, of Dudley, whose garden comprises many plants which rank amongst the rarest in cultivation. It is doubtless a seedling variety but of very rare oc- currence. Should be planted in loam. DERIVATION oF THE Names. AcaPantuvs, from ayarn AGAPE Love, and avOoc antHos a Flower,in allusion the loveliness of the flower. Umsextatvs, in an umbel, from the arrange- ment of the flowers, Synonymes. L’Heritier: Sertum Anglicum, p. 17." Botanical , and vol. 7, No. 403, Bota- AGAPANTHUS UMBELLATUs. Magazine, t. 500. Redoute’s Liliacees, v. 1, No. 6, nical i t. 699, Register, AGAPANTHUS PRacOx, Willdenow ; Enumeratio, p- 353, * Tlametiin, cordefole issn . MANETTIA CORDIFO'LIA. HEART-LEAVED MANETTIA. “" BXOGEN, oR DICOTYLEDONEA. Natural di vision to which eae ae ‘this Plant belongs. - NATURAL ORDER, BERBERIDACE. CALYCIFLORE, a nan TETRANDRIA OF a mip riche DECANDOLLE. Ay Pent aa GENUS. Man Moris. Chissccx tubus dirbimatia: limbus partitus in lobos tot quot corollini aut dupli, lobulis in sinubus sepe interpositis. Co- ROLLA pee Po tubo tereti vel quadrangulo, —_ nunc basi nune aucem piloso, lobis Leesa r rarissime quinque. ANTHER# subsessiles, fila- mentis Saas ad faucem adna Capsua ovata, i Wig calycinis lobis coronata, a apice ad basin septicide dehiscens, mericarpiis cymbiformibus. mbar erin a septo subexserte. Semrna imbricata, subsessilia, peltata, mar- gine membranaceo sepius dentato undique alata. Empryo erectus in albumine > cotyledonibus foliaceis lanceolatis. Hers ticesve ata Foxia ovato-oblonga aut subcordata. Stirv UL® late, breves, acute, Catycis tare qaladides, lebulis accessoriis LLA t intus basi pilosa, fauce intus ako limbi lobis reflexis. Pepuncuxi ontitot bee Manettia corpiroiia. Marrivs. GuiaBperrima vel minute pubescens, foliis ovatis acuminatis basi rotundatis subcordatisve, pedunculis unifloris, slit tubo intus hasi piloso fauce glabra. CHARACTER OF THE GENUS, ManeTTia. TuBE OF THE CALYX turbinate, the limb divided into as many lobes as those of the corolla, or twice as many. Corouxa funnel-shaped, the tube terete or marked with four angles, hairy inside either at the throat or at the base, the limb of four or very seldom five divisions. ANTHERs sessile or nearly so, the — filaments adnate to the corolla up to the throat. CaPsuLE ovate, com- pressed, crowned by the persistent lobes of the calyx, splitting at the dissepiment into two mericarps. PLacENT# projecting from the dis- iment. SEEDS imbricate peltate, nearly sessile on the placente, surrounded by a membranous wing, which i is often toothed. Bessy Yo erect, in a fleshy albumen. CotyLepons leafy, lanceolate. Description OF THE Species, Manertia corpirouia. Stem* and branches slender, twining, and, like the whole plant, glabrous in all the specimens both wild and cultivated which we have seen ; minutely pubescent, according to Martius. Leaves on short foot- stalks, an inch or rather more in length, ovate, asnnine, rounded, or in older plants somewhat heart-shaped at the base. SripuLe 22 connected with the base of the petioles into a very short broad mem- brane, sometimes projecting on each side into a short point. PepuN- CLES terminal, but becoming apparently axillary by the elongation of the stem on one side only, about two inches long, slender, ebracteate. Divisions of the Catyx ovate, or lanceolate, varying in size, but usu- ally rather longer than the tube, narrowed at the base, and in each interval is a very small accessary tooth. Coroxta of a rich red, above an inch and a half long, tube narrowed at the base, ample in the up- per part, perfectly glabrous, and marked with four angles outside, fur- nished inside near the base with four longitudinal rows of appressed hairs, throat glabrous, limb of four broad, short, rather unequal and reflexed divisions. FILAMENTS projecting about a line beyond the throat. PopuLar anp GeocrapuicaL Notice. This Manettia with the Manettia gracilis, pubescens, and villosa, of Chamisso and Schlech- tendal, the Manettia attenuata of Nees and Martius, the Guagnebina ignita of the Flora Fluminensis, v. 1, t. 115, and a Peruvian species, probably new, form a distinct section, differing in several particulars from Decandolle’s generic character, which we have modified accord- ingly. ix pecies th parated, are natives of Southern Brazil, Peru, and the Argentine States. The roots of one species at least, are in high estimation among the natives for their medicinal folia was first raised in this country by Dr. Neill of Canon Mills, Edinburgh, in 1831, from seeds sent by Mr. Tweedie from the neigh- bourhood of Buenos Ayres. Our drawing was made at Mr. Hender- son's, Pine Apple Place, Edgeware Road. Although a stove plant, this Manettia will probably succeed in the greenhouse. We planted it out of doors, against a south wall, early in June, where now, in Sep- tember, it has attained the height of ten feet, but without promise of flowers. DERIVATION oF THE Name. “Manertia, named by Matis and Linnzus in honour of Xavier Manetti, Curator tanic Garden at Florence, about the middle of the last century. : SynonyMes, . Manertra coRrPirotta, Martius: Specimen Materia Medicw Brasiliensis p. 19,t. a Decandolle: Prodromus v. IV, p: 363. Botanical Register, t. 1866: t Magazine, t. : -MANETTIA Gtapra, Chamisso and Schlechtendal: Linnea, v. IV, p. 169. Mevets, we. r ‘ Mit 5 Mca ot a Lahde OT Be i ~ é « DAHLIA EXCEL'SA. — aiticrmotve TREE DAHLIA. Anemone-flowered variety. DICOTYLEDONER. Natural division to which a this Plant a | NATURAL ORDER COMPOSITA, Ca + } Artificial divisions SYNGENESIA, Ds ey, to which POLYGAMIA, y “Ey this Plant a e OF LINNEUS No. 88. ENUS. Danuta. Caranreces. Carrrorem radiatum, floribus radii 1i- fulatis femineis nutrisve, disci tubulosis quinquedentatis. Invorvcrum du- plex, exterius squamis foliaceis uniserialibus circiter quingue patulis re EXOGENZ. CALYCIFLORA, or DECANDOLLE. paleaceum, paleis membranaceis oblongis indivisis. subincurvi, crassi, extus pilil yoke NIUM oblongo- wnt atum -obeompress epappo Hers® Mexicans grandes. For 5 oupenies pinnati tita. Ray ibe mono- vel ollghbeghall disco luteo, radio purpureo roseo albo aut ~ spree Decano. mus, v. 5, p. 494 Caule perenvanti elato prainoso cavo, foliis DAWLiA EXCELSA, utris. P oreerEs, petiolis late connatis, capitulis subcorymbosis, ligulis ne CHaRAcTER OF THE GENUS Dania. FLOWER HEAD radiate, the florets of the ray ligulate, female or neuter, those of the disk hermaph- rodite, tubular, 5-toothed. Invotucre double, the external consisting of about five spreading or recurved leaflets, the internal of from twelve to sixteen, erect, long, leaflets arranged imperfectly in two rows, mem- branous at the top, thick at the base and connected together. Recee- TACLE flat with oblong entire membranous scales. BRraNCHES a ‘style erect or slightly curved, thick and bearing hairs outside. a THERS without tails, but with appendages at the top. 7 ACHENIUM oblong-obovate, compressed at the top, without a pappus but ob- - Securely two-horned at the top. a8 ‘Description or THE Spectres, Dauzia ExceLsa. Roors fasci- cled, some perennial, — and fibrous, others swelling into tu- REFERENCE TO sage ecg + of | Sadi te, and two feet aa asi ier ar of hemo te part the lege lank Tt was thirty bers. Stem perennial, very thick, becoming woody, growing to the height of twenty feet and upwards, less branched, and assuming more the aspect of a tree than any other species, hollow inside, smooth and glaucous on the surface, marked with horizontal rings formed by the ‘broad stem-clasping base of the petioles, and sometimes emitting near the base a great quantity of fibrous roots. LEavEs opposite, at- taining the length of two feet and a half, by about two feet in breadth, doubly pinnatipartite, the general petioles broadly connate round the stem, the segments borne on sharp partial footstalks, those of the lower leaves ovate and heart-shaped at the base, those of the upper leaves, especially the end ones, often contracted at the base,acuminate, toothed, nearly smooth or with a fewshort scattered hairs,of a pale ¢l underneath. FLOWER HEADS on long opposite monocephalous pedun- cles, collected five to eight together in a sort of corymb at the end of the branches, with occasionally a few axillary solitary ones along the stem. OUTER INVOLUCRE consisting of five or six linear spreading foliaceous squame, the inner f about twel oblong. obtuse. erect.m ©, of ? 2 Ms ones. FLoretsin th i Cir iattl- ral state, so as to give to the head of flowers the form known in other Dahlias by the name of anemone-flowered. The florets of the ray ap- pear to be nearly in their ordinary state, and to be naturally neutral and sterile, those of the disk are shorter but all converted into irre cular! formed semi 5 “ -ligulate sterile florets having lost their original colour to assume that of the ray. All traces of the organs of fructification are obliterated in all the florets. Poputar aND GeoGrapnicat Notice, The genus Dahlia con- tains three published species, one of them, the Dahlia variabilis, is the origin of those innumerable varietiés which for some years past have formed the chief ornament of our gardens at the close of the summer, Another species, the Dahlia coccinea, has also been for some time in cul- tivation, and is a desirable plant, on account of th the ray, although its flowers seldom become doubl able, it cannot be-made to intermingle with the c bilis, so as to form hybrids. This circumstance, ent nature of the florets of the ray, are female and fertile in the othe Site be considered as sufficient There is, indeed, nothing but thi rets of the ray, e rich colouring of e,and what is remark- ommon Dahlia yaria- together with the differ- which are neuter inthe one, whilst they r, would in the case of other Compo- to separate them into different genera. S same character, derived from the flo- which distinguishes the whole series of Coreopsider from the Verbesinez ; and it was Linneus’s mark of distinction between his orders Polygamia superflua and Polygamia frustranea. Yet the resemblance between the several species of Dahlia is, in other respects, so great, that it has never occurred to any botanist, not even to Cassini, who availed himself of every perceptible modification to make genera in Composite, to propose their separation; nor could it be done with- out laying aside all idea of natural genera. ~ The Dahlias are all natives of the mountainous districts of Mexico, where the present species had probably been discovered some years ago, as it appears to have long been cultivated in the Botanic Garden of the City of Mexico. It may possibly be the same as the Dahlia gigan- tea, mentioned by Bullock in his List of Plants procured from that es- tablishment, but no mention of it is to be found in the Nova Genera of Humboldt and Kunth, nor in any of the writings of Spanish botanists, to whom the plants of the Mexican garden were usually transmitted. G INTRODUCTION; WHERE GRowN; CuLturE. The Dahlia excelsa was first introduced to this country about the year 1830, in a manner somewhat unintentional. Messrs. Loddiges of Hackney perceiving that some thick stakes which were used to protect a basket of plants, received by them from Mexico, showed signs of life, planted them in the open ground, where they grew to the height of ten feet in the first season, but were destroyed in the subsequent winter. The plant was again imported both by roots and cuttings, in 1834, by William Bates, Esq. who presented it to Charles Tayleure, Esq. of Toxteth Park, near Liverpool, by whom it was liberally distributed to the Liverpool Bot- anic Garden, and to Mr. Skirving of Walton nursery, near Liver- pool. From the latter admirable and liberally-conducted establish- ment, a plant two feet high was obtained by George Ellins, Esq. of Rigby Hall, Worcestershire, and planted in the border of his conserva- tory, in the spring of 1837. In November of the same year it had at- tained the height of twelve feet, and produced a handsome corymb of flowers at the summit of the stem, in the manner represented by the ~ largest of the two miniature outline sketches in our plate. From one of these flowers our drawing and description was made. This hand- some plant, 12 feet high, wholly devoid of side shoots, but with its mag nificent foliage, spreading five feet from side to side and displaying a single spreading crown of flowers, was highly attractive. The very handsome style of growth of this individual plant does not, however, appear to be invariable, nor perhaps general, in the Dahlia excelsa ; for we have since seen other younger plants with many branches, but still preserving a main or leading shoot, in a manner wholly distinct from the garden species. This habit is represented by our smaller out- line sketch. .A plant now growing in the greenhouse of the Liverpool Botanic Garden, where it has heen about three years, has attained the height of twenty feet, but although a few buds have appeared, it has not perfected any flowers. In its native country it grows thirty feet high, and if productive of numerous flowers, must indeed be an object quite worthy of the contemplation of the most zealous Dahlia fancier. Mr. Shepherd of the Liverpool Botanic Garden informs us that Mr. Bate, to whom this country is indebted for the Species, possesses dried Mexican specimens of the flowers, both single and double, which were produced by the same plant; we may therefore conclude that it pos- sesses a sportive character similar to that of its congener, now so well known and admired by every person even of the most obtuse perception in floral affairs. : In the “ Botanic Garden,” No. 166, being that which will appear on the same day as the number of the Botanist, which we are now writ- ing, we have published the Tree Violet. This has much the same ia; since by a mixture of them stamina may possibly be given to - However un- certain may be the result, it is hi ghly desirable that the experiment be made. To obtain this gigantic species of Dahlia in perfection we have no doubt but preference should be given to planting it in the border of a lofty conservatory, not near any wall, but where it can enjoy the full influence of the light, and spread without obstruction from other plants. It may be easily increased from cuttings. D Dantia, named by Cayanilles, in honou iP nean genera; a splendid compl to the uninteresting or ob ists of first rd cocleclet Pre. Vee ereet af ; Ohore «<* AT Mite ated CHOROZEMA CORDA’TUM. HEART-LEAVED CHOROZEMA. EXOGENZ, oR DICOTYLEDONE &. ; Siesed division which this pte * NATURAL ORDER, LEGUMINOSA, cmap fed eae : DECANDRIA, MONOGYNIA, this Pint dies: OF LINNEUS, No. 89. CALC egies > ‘Swoanpoiia GENUS- Cuorozema. Laprrtarprerk. Catyx ad medium vel brevius bilabiatus, labio superiore lato breviter bifido, fatievs tripartito. Corot a, obt mentis glabris. Ovartvm sessile vel breviter Satake, dense pluriovulatum. Sryivs brevis, uncinato-recurvus, glaber. Sriegma obiiquum vel subrectum, tenue vel capitatum. LecuMEN ovatum, sessile ae subsessile, turgidum, intus nudum. Hers suffrutices, fruticesve. Fora alterna vel sparsa, sree: coriacea, sepius glabra. Sripvi parve,subulate. InrLoRESCENTIA vel axillaris, axillis floridis in racemum terminalem foliosum sspieeiiants. Pepicetti bibracteolati. Frores rubri vel aurantiaci. Benryam: Annalen des Wiener Museums, v. 2, ter sinuato SPECIES. _ CHonozEMA a Fouts cordato-ovatis margine levi- ee : ¥ik ? -9 rg s la z 7 biis calycinis tubo equilongis. CHARACTER OF THE GENUS, CHOROZEMA. CaLyx split to the middle or not so deep into two lips of which the upper one is broad and shortly two-cleft; the lower one deeply three-cleft. Sranparp scarcely longer than the wings, round, emarginate or two-cleft. _Wrnes oblong, oblique or nearly straight, slender or capitate | nearly so, swollen, without any pithy cranthum was one of about 160 species of plants, which Dr. Siebold brought alive from Japan in hollow pieces of silex filled with clay. It first flowered in the garden of the university of Ghent, from whence it was introduced into this country, with many other valuable plants of the same collection, in 1836. Our drawing was made from a plant which was obligingly sent us by the Messrs. Pope of Handsworth in April last. Subsequently a well-flowered specimen was sent to us by Mr. Atkins, Nurseryman, of Northampton ; who states that the plant must be quite hardy, it having been wintered in a cold frame, where the pot of soil in which it grew was thoroughly frozen. DERIVATION OF THE NAMEs. Eprmeptem, from a supposition ae hist was he Epimedium of a and Sores a it wertsinty ms ¥ plan 5 avi ed mar- y gsmell. Macranraum padi flowered. SyNonyMEs. EPIMeDIUM MACRANTHUM. Morren et Decaisne: Annales des ieee Natu- relles, Ser. 11, v. 2, p. 352, t. 13. "Lindley Botanical Register, t. 1906. BORO'NIA PINNA'TA, HAWTHORN-SCENTED BORONIA. EXOGEN, oR DICOTYLEDONE A. “ Wie division gt hich this Pa belongs, NATURAL ORDER, RUTACEA, ne Artificial divisions OCTANDRIA, to which MONOGYNIa, aashesieies thie Pisiat teleage: OF LINNEUS. No. 99. GENUS. Boronta. Surry. Catyx quadrifidus, persistens. Prraza qua- tuor, ovata, persistentia. Sramrna octo, omnia antherifera, vel quatuor sepalis alterna abortiva; filamentis ciliatis incurvis. Sryx1 quatuor, erecti, approxi- ‘mati aut intus coal. STIGMATA veneer shes unicum t quadrilob = _CARPELLA Sema in loculis subsolitaria, ovata, compressa, embryone gracili tereti, radi- cula supera. Frutices Australasici. Forra pastas PEpuncuvti axillares, Fores sepius purpurascent Boronta pinnata. Surra. Fourts impari- pinnatis glaberi- tnis, foliolis 3- ‘9 linearibus acutis, pudumnillé bi- vel trichotomis, floribus octan- dris. CHARACTER OF THE GENus, Boronia: CaLyx persistent, of four divisions. Pgras four, oval, persistent. Stamens eight, either all _ bearing anthers, or sometimes four alternating with the sepals, abor- tive, the filaments ciliated and curved inwards. Sryzezs four, erect, adjoining or Connected together in one. Srtiemas four, or all joined into one four-lobed one, Carpels four, opening inwardly in two valves and connected into a four-lobed four-celled capsule. SEEDS usually solitary in each cell, ovate, compressed, with a slender cylindrical embryo, and a superior radicle. DESCRIPTION OF THE Species, Boronia PINNATA. Survs, of two or three feet in height, perfectly smooth in all its parts. Brancnes round or slightly compressed. Leaves opposite, pinnate, the com- mon petiole one to two inches long ; leaflets two to four pair with an odd one, articulate on the petiole, linear, pointed and slightly scythe- shaped, somewhat thick and dotted. Prpuncies axillary, dichoto- mous or sometimes trichotomous, many-flowered but seldom longer than the leaves, of a red colour. Bracts, two, small and sharp, at the base of every bifurcation, and two on each pedicel. SxEpats ovate, smooth, very small. PrrTats five or six times as long as the sepals, oval, somewhat pointed, narrowed at the base, spreading, with a mi- nute down on the inside. Stamens eight, all fertile and equal, the 24, SUP. filaments yellow, about a line long, inflexed and bordered with long hairs. ANTHERS small, two-celled, borne ona very short slender stipes at the top of the filament. Ovary of four carpels connected together and terminated in a very short style with a terminal stigma. One erect ovule in each earpel or cell of the ovary. CapsuLe smooth, of four carpels. Sreps solitary, black, with the adhering endocarpium white and polished. Porutar AND Grocrapuicat Notice. Boronia is an Australian genus, comprehending a considerable number of species, natives of different parts of the southern and western coasts, most of them of great beauty. Some of them, and especially the present species, have long contributed to the ornament of our greenhouses, and it were highly desirable that many others, known as yet only from dried spe- cimens, were introduced into cultivation, more especially those from Van Dieman’s Land, which in the South of England would probably prove half-hardy. . G.B. Iyrropuction; WHERE Grown; CuLTURE.. The Boronia pin- nata was first introduced in the year 1795, to the nursery of Messrs. Lee and Kennedy of Hammersmith, and has ever since remained in our greenhouses, but has not always been cultivated with the success which attends the generality of New Holland plants. The chief occa- sion of this, has been over watering; or exposure, in summer, with other greenhouse plants, to all the rain of the season. To avoid this it should be retained, at all times under glass, be sparingly watered, and have a soil composed of peat and sand, with a very small portion of loam, so loose and pervious as to prevent the possibility of water stagnating aboutits roots. Attention to these observations, with a good drainage, obtained by the use of a stratum, at least two inches thick of potsherds, or broken tile, will secure success to the cultivator, and yield him the gratification of possessing a lovely little shrub, as odor- iferous as beautiful. Cuttings require the same precautions in regard to moisture. DERIvaTION oF THE Names. Boronia, named by the late Sir James Edward Smith, in compliment to to Sierra Leone, and afterwards met with an untimely death by an acciden- tal fall at Athens, whither he had accompanied the late Dr. Sibthorp. Pry. NATA, pinnate, from the disposition of the leaves Synonymgs. Boronia PinnaTa. Smith: Natural History Tracts, p. 290, t. 4. Andrews’s Botanist’ de la Malmaison, t. 38. Bot- Y 8 itory, t. 58, Ventenat Jardin anical Magazine, t. 1763, 4 EUPHORBIA JACQUINLAFLO'RA. JACQUINIA-FLOWERED EUPHORBIA. EXOGENZ. DICOTYLEDONEE. ers =. re~ Wy NATURAL ORDER, EUPHORBIACES. Artificial divisions DODECANDBI4, to which TRIGYNIA, this Plant belongs. OF LINNEUS, No. 100. MONOCHLAMYDA, OF DECANDOLLE. GENUS. Evpnorsia. Linnzvs. Ftores monoici in eodem inv lucro; fe- mineus uni ralis; masculi plures ambientes. _ Inyorvcrv UM commune i fimbriatisve aut mul- : 2 se glan- dulosze a < taloi Mascvuui: Pepicexi plures, s singuli c m filamento apice sila honaas ieiati, plerumque infra distincti tie interjectis. FoaMInNE!I: epi = longius pedunculatum basi nudum aut rarius calicula- Sryvx tres bifidi, rarius connati in unum apicetrifidum. Sriemara sex, rarius tres, biloba. Ovarivm triloculare, loculis uniovulatis. . Fructus capsul. aris, pedunculo elongato insidens et eodem deflexo nutans, tricoccus, ecor dk astice bivalvibus deciduis. ; sha um varie. INFLORESCENTIA axillaris vel terminalis, tatty vel bi-trichotome =: ADRIEN DE Jusstev de sats cea peak Generibus, 57. SP E Evrnorsia gsacquinrariora. Hooxer. ee FOLIIS culis axillaribus subtrichotomis paucifioris, bracteis minutis, involucri laciniis interioribus poLunde ns serratis brevibus, be Lt are pxiecioriens petaloideis CHARACTER OF THE GENUS, cine FLOWERS monecious in the same involucre, one female central one, several males around. it. InvoLucre bell-shaped or top-shaped, four to five-cleft, the lobes sb ac fringed, or divided into several, and outside the lobes are an or lesser number of outer ones alternating with them, and of a canis fleshy or petaloid consistence. Mae FLowers consisting of single filaments, bearing one anther, and articulated upon a very short pedicel, at the base of which is frequently a bract. Frmate Fiower: a pistil, borne on a peduncle, either naked or with a little calycule at the base. Srvzes three, bifid, or rarely joined in one. Stiemas, six, or rarely three, bilobed. Ovary trilocular, the cells one-ovulated. Fruit a capsule, placed on a long peduncle bent downwards, of three cocci, each opening elastically in two valves. DEscripTION OF THE SpeciEs, EUPHORBIA JACQUINIZFLORA. Survs, four to five feet high, with slender branches, leafy in the u , smooth in all its parts. Leaves on rather long foot-stalks, all pendant, oblong lanceolate, narrowed at both extremities, strongly My a. ee penninerved, of a dark green, paler underneath, the younger ones having often a deep red tint. Pgpuncxes placed in the axils of the upper leaves, at first much shorter than them, but at length nearly equal to them, bearing from three to seven, so called, flowers, (pro- perly involucres.) Bracts very minute, linear, and scarlet. Invo- LUCRES with a bell-shaped greenish tube, spreading into five roundish, or slightly obcordate, bright scarlet external appendages, having the appearance of petals, with a transverse gland at the base of each, and five internal lobes alternating with the external ones, but not project- ing beyond the tube, serrated or fimbriate, and buff coloured. Each ALE F or at least the outer ones, subtended by a linear ciliated scale, often slightly coloured at the base. FEMALE central flower in our specimens sterile, reduced to a pedicel about a line long, and a short globular empty ovarium, with six abortive stigmas. Poputar AND GreoGRapnHicat Notice. Among the several spe- cies of this most extensive genus, lately introduced into our stoves, this is' one of the most elegant, from the brilliant colour of its involucres, and their long duration. Its country is unknown, but it is probably a native of South America, and evidently very nearly allied to Eu- phorbia laurifolia, a Peruvian plant, described by Lamarck and Per- soon, from Jussieu’s herbarium. Judging, indeed, from the descrip- tions, we should not have hesitated considering the two as identical, were it not for the constant abortion of the female flower in the indi- viduals in cultivation. G. B INTRoDUCTION; WHERE Grown; CULTURE.- The origin of this plant is no further known than that it was sent from the Berlin Botanic Garden a few years since, and has spread itself into the stoves of a number of our principal Horticulturists. Our drawing was made from a specimen in Mrs. Lawrence’s collection, which had several times excited the admiration of the visitors to the Horticultural Society’s exhibitions in Regent-street; being taken, however, at a rather, ad- vanced stage, it represents the flowers more lax, and with fewer leaves than is usually the case when the plant is less advanced in flowering. It requires to be kept in the stove, and should be potted in a mixture of peat, loam, and sand. Cuttings will strike root in sand, under a bell-glass, with bottom heat, but water should not be given them for several days after they are put in, that their juices might be somewhat exhausted, which would otherwise endanger their decay. DERIVATION OF THE NAMEs. Evpnorsia, taken by modern botanists from the tvdopBroy of Dioscorides, so call » as it is said, because Euphorbus, physician to Juba, king of Maurita- nia, first made use of that substance derived from a species of Euphorbia. md others it is derived fro m tv and goon, good pasture, though that be not th any species. Jac » fi like th f Jacaninia 5 4 : Synonyme. Evpworsia Jacqutnteriora. Hooker: Botanical Magazine, t. 3673. + se Aa bs Mille cin’ POPEODALIP i Vorophy LD ree Nav itt00.4 ACROPHYL'LUM VENO'SUM. VEINED ACROPHYLLUM, EXOGEN&, DICOTYLEDONES. ae: aya = _— i | this pet eat \ WW NATURAL ORDER, SAXIFRAGACEA, a4, ae ee DECANDRIA, SES (ey pis 4 DYGYNIA, Be ra this ye a oF LINNEUS. No. 95, CALYCIFLORZ, F oO DECANDOLLE, GENUS. Acropuyttum. Catyx liber, regularis, quinquepartitus, persis- tens. Prtexa quinque, lineari- hee unguiculata. Stamina decem, disco parvo tenui calyci adnato inserta. Ovarivm sessile liberum, hirtum, biloculare, loculis pluri-ovulatis, carpellis facile solubilibus. Sryz1 duo, subulati, glabri, acutiusculi, stigmatibus oblongis, sublateralibus. Fructus. Frutex Aus- tralasicus. Forta opposita, simplicia. Srievix interpetiolares. InFrioreEs- cENTIA axillaris, umbellato-fasiculata, pseudoverticillata, multiflora Cuaracter oF THE GeNUs, ACROPHYLLUM. Catyx free, regu- lar, divided near to the base into five persistent sepals. PETALS five, linear-oblong, clawed. STamENs ten, inserted on a small thin disk, entirely adnate to the base of the calyx. Ovary sessile, free, hairy, two-celled, the cells separating very easily from one another, each with several ovules. Sryres two, subulate, smooth, pointed, the stig- mas oblong, lateral, at the end of the styles. DESscRIPTION OF THE SPECIES, - AcROPHYLLUM VENOsUM. STEM shrubby, erect, branched, in.the specimen figured about eighteen inches high. BraNcHEs reddish, stiff, smooth, with a few appressed hairs in the upper part. Leaves opposite, sessile or nearly so, articu- lated on the stem, ovate or oblong-ovate, deeply and regularly toothed, ooth, green, and reticulate on the upper side, white, with a very minute pubescence on the other side, the mid-rib and pinnated veins prominent, red and smooth, of a leathery consistence, and somewhat folded on the margin. Sviputes lanceolate, deciduous, sometimes concrete. FLORAL-LEAVEs scarcely larger than the stipules, and simi- lar to them in form. Ftowers numerous in the axille of the floral leaves, forming a sort of interrupted raceme crowned by a tuft of ste- rile leaves similar to those of the stem, but at the time of flowering smaller and reddish. In each axilla is a very short, common peduncle subdivided into a great number of red, slightly hairy pedicels, ioe about a line long. A few small bracts are found at the base of som REFERENCE TO THE DissECTIONS. ~ a Stamen. 3,asingle Flower. 4, the cpreetensacharaglche and Stamens removed, ES) scious Dulexcilid. vec, 5, the Ovary. 6, a Petal. SS. of the pedicels, Entire part of the calyx very small, thickened inside into a hairy disk. Divisions of the limb lanceolate, acute, about two-thirds of a line long, smooth, of a delicate pink colour, collapsing, but not falling off after the flowering. PertTAts white, about twice as long as the erlyx, on a longish slender claw, inserted on the disk. Stamens longer than the petals, filaments slender, anthers nearly glo- bular. Ovaryshort, very hairy, more deeply divided than in the allied genera, each cell containing six or eight ovules. Styies the length of the stamina. Fruir not yet seen. PopuLar AND GrocrapuicaL Notice. This plant differs from Weinmannia, to which it has been referred, not only in the essen- tial character of the absence of any other disk than the mere thicken- ing of the base of the calyx, but in the clawed petals, in foliage, which is that of Callicome, in its peculiar inflorescence, and even in geographical station. The true Weinmannias are almost all Ame- rican, or entirely so if the Weinmannia macrostachya of the Mau- ritius be nothing more than an American species introduced there by accident or design ; for the Weinmannia trifoliata from Southern Afri-. ca forms the genus Platylophus of Don, and the New Zealand Wein- mannia racemosa helongs to Leiospermum of the same botanist. Acrophy!lum on the other hand is a native of extratropical Autralia. Its nearest affinity is without doubt with the Australian genus Calli- coma, but it is sufficiently distinguished by the presence of petals, the pluriovulated cells of the ovarium and the inflorescence. Its relation to Caldcluvia of Don, or Dietericia of Seringe, is much more remote, having little more in common with it than with all other Cunoniee. The quinary instead of quaternary number in the parts of the flower is of little or no importance as a generic distinction. G. B. Intropuction; Wuere Grown; Cunrure. This very pretty * Derivation or toe Names. Ackoraritom, from the Greek adjective dxpogudoc, that has leaves at the » in allusion to the tufts of leaves, with which the flowering-stems are crowned. VeEnosum, veiny, from the strongly marked veins of the leaves. ei: | Synonyme. WEINMANNIA VENOsA. Floral Cabine .” 81, t. 85, ‘ Pros fol aches ARISTOLO'CHIA CILIO'SA. ~ FRINGED ARISTOLOCHIA. __ EXOGENE, OR DICOTYLEDONES. a Natural this Pak nan NATURAL ORDER, ARISTOLOCHIACES. Artificial divisions lg if to which this Plant belongs. No. 96. MONOcHLAMYD&, »[% OF DECANDOLLE. es Ain GYNANDRIA, Gitty -HEXANDRIA, a OF LINNEUS, GENUS. Arisrorocat. Liyyevs. Froreshermaphroditi. Prericonium coloratum tubulosum, tubo inferne cum ovario connato, supra ovarium ventri- coso, recto vel curvato, limbo obliquo, ligulato, nune bi-trifido. STaMINA sex, disco epigyno inserta; mre enta brevissima, subnulla; anthere extrorse, bilo- culares, dorso stylo adnat Ovariem inferum, sexloculare. Overa plarima, loculorum angulo waieaiss uniseriatim nang eee anatropa. wadiced HERB ¥ es. OLIA alterna. Pabitcvit axillares. Enpiicnaer: Genera Planta- ARISTOLOCHIA CILIOSA. _Scandens, glabra, foliis exstipulatis : sub xquali limbo integro orbiculato patente margine ciliis longis fimbriato, CHARACTER OF THE GeNus ArisToLocHtia. FLOoweErs hermaph- rodite. | Pertaon coloured, tubular, the tube connate with the ovary at the base, swelled above the ovary, straight or curved, the limb ob- lique, ligulate or two or three-lobed. | Stamens six, inserted upon an epigynous disk; filaments very short or none; anthers opening out- wards, two-celled, adnate by their back to the style. Ovary adhe- rent, six-celled. Ovuxes several, fixed in single rows to the central angle of each cell, horizontal, anatropous. Sryze short; stigmas radiating in six divisions. CApsvuLE coriaceous, six-celled, splitting into six valves at the dissepiments. SEEDS several, bracteate, the testa coriaceous, with a membranous border; raphis broad, corky at the base of the seed and terminating at the apex in an impressed chal- aza. Embryo yery small at the base of the fleshy or horny albumen. Description OF THE Species, ARISTOLOCHIA CILIOsA. STEM climbing, perfectly smooth, as well as the rest of the plant. STipuLes none. Leaves petiolate, reniform, deeply indented at the base, entire but slightly crisped on the margins, of a bright green, above pale and marked with prominent veins below. Pepuncies one-flowered, nearly as long as the leafstalk, spreading, the ovary incurved and ascending. Prricon hanging in the lower part which is inflated, obliquely-ovate, about half an inch long, it then suddenly ascends in the form of a cylindrical straight entire tube, about half an inch long, at the top of which it spreads into flat orbicular limbs eight or nine lines broad, fringed round with a number of bright yellow cilie tipped with purple; the outside of the perigon is of a pale yellowish green, slightly striped with purple, the inside of the swelled part of a pale yellow, and somewhat downy, with a purplish ring near the base, the tubular part has a few hairs near its base and is smooth and pur- plish towards the top, the limb is of a rich purple near the base and then beautifully reticulated with a bright greenish yellow on a purple ground. ANTHERs almost sessile, oblong, two-celled, the cells pointed at the top, bursting outwards longitudinally, adnate by the back to the fleshy rays of the style which are lanceolate, pointed, rather longer than the anthers, and bears the stigmatic surface along the margins on the outside. PopuLar AND GEocrapnicat Notice. Among the great variety of extraordinary forms which the perigon of the Aristolochie assume in the warmer parts of America, this is by no means one of the least curi- ous. Though the flowers are not in sufficient abundance, nor project enough beyond the leaves to make much show, yet the beautifully - variegated limb, with its elegant fringe, amply repays a close inspec- tion. It is a native of North Patagonia, a country which has of late years, through the laborious exertions of Mr. Tweedie, so much en- ‘ riched our collections, and which with the neighbourhood of Buenos Ayres, and the southern extremity of Brazil, is now through his means rivaling North California in ornamenting our flower borders. The genus Aristolochia is one of those which may be said to have no spe- cial fatherland, as it is found represented by some one of its numerous species, in nearly every tropical or temperate region of the globe, ex- cepting perhaps the southern extremity of Africa. G. B. . Iyrropuction; WHERE crown; Cuuture. Seeds of this species were transmitted by Mr. Tweedie of Buenos Ayres, in 1836, to the Glasnevin Botanic Garden, Dublin ; where it was raised by Mr. Niven, the talented curator, to whose kindness we owe the opportunity of fig- uring it. It flowered in the stove, in the autumn of 1837, having been grown in a mixture of sandy loam and peat. Derivation oF THE Names. Aristotocuta from dpreroc best. and) ge d med hs ptaroc q ; of some species. Citrosa ey sas ne pee rae 5 al ee of the perigon, = iL105A Lil Many Mitte, dat ae : . Vs Yon reer phar tere. = ‘ Newitt. x6 LIPA’RIA SPHA’RICA. RUSCUS-LEAVED LIPARIA. EXOGENZE, oR DICOTYLEDONE &. Natural division to which orig this Plant belongs. NATURAL ORDER, LEGUMINOSA. CALYCIFLORE, : _—e va” Sipeumiii OF ? DECANDR. DECANDOLLE. this Plant’ a | Or puidiod: No, 97. Lrparta. (Linwevs. ag mes 156.) Carrx basi ogg a? brevi, limbo 5-lobo, lobis 4 superiorib ore longissimo elliptico Sidaigaiins: Capes glabra, vexillo sink dileidice a oblongis una per estivationem alteram involvente, carina recta acuta angu bicipiti. Samra diadelpha. Ovanrom sessile brevissimum, Srrivs filifor- mis. LrecuMEn ovatum oligo afore: DecanDeLzE: Prodromus Systematis universalis regni vegetabilis, I], p. 12 SPECIES. Lairaria spuerica. Livyevs. Froricosa foliis lancedlatis neryosis glabris, floribus capitatis. CHARACTER OF THE GENUS LipaRia. Catyx with the base pres- sed inwards, tube short, limb 5-lobed, the four upper lobes lanceolate acute, nearly equal, the inferior very long, elliptical petaloid. CoroLia smooth, standard oval-oblong, wings oblong, the one during estiva- tion wrapping the other, keel straight acute narrow two-headed. Sta- mens diadelphous. Ovary sessile, very short, Sryte filiform. Pop ovate, few-seeded. Description OF THE Spectres, Liparta Spu#rica. A shrub with the stem about four feet high,smooth. Leavzs alternate, sessile, distant, lanceolate, mucronate, entire, stiff, nerved. FLOWERS in a terminal capitule, which is smooth, sessile, surrounded by leaves or bracts of considerable length, which form a sort of involucre. Fiowers of a yellowish or russet hue. Catyx having the lower sepal very long and petaloid, emarginately three-cleft. Corota papilio- naceous, fawn-coloured, the wings and keel twisted together, so as to require careful separation to shew their real character. Warnes two- lobed at the lower margin. KEEL straight, acute, narrow, two-headed. Stamens diadelphous. Popunar aNpD Geocrapaicat Notice. This remarkably inter- esting plant is a native of the Cape of Good Hope: we are ignorant in what locality it grows, but most probably on the Zwellerdam moun- cs tains, where it assists to compensate for the absence of the genus Erica, which ceases to form a part of the Flora of the Cape at this point. The species of Erica are replaced on these mountains by Blerias and the genera Struthiola, Passerina, Phylica, Podaliria, (P. buxifolia, myrtillifolia, valgata) Polygala (P. oppositifolia,) Aspalathus, Lipa- ria, Rafnia and Cleome. The shining character of the leaves bears a striking resemblance to that of the Leucadendron argenteum R. Br. (the Protea argentea, Linn.) and both approximate to the appearance of the leaves of Astelma eximimum R. Br. (the Gnaphalium eximimum Willd.); this silvery hue must pleasingly diversify the scenery, while the clothing of the leaves with so thick a coating of silky hairs must materially protect them against the effects of the intense heat to which they are exposed. That a compact coating of hairs hinders excessive exhalation, and thereby preserves the plants from destruction in periods of universal heat and drought is manifest from the fact that plants so provided survive when others perish. Kalm mentions “that when the excessive drought of the spring of 1749 had completely parched up the hills and high grounds in Albany (U.S.) the Verbascum Thapsus (great mullein) alone was seen flourishing in the most arid situations, and when every other leaf was burnt up See Kalm’s Travels, Vol. 2; p- 109. INTRODUCTION; WHERE GROWN 3 Cutture. The date of the in- troduction of this plant does not appear to be correctly ascertained, as some writers state it to have been introduced in 1783, others in 1794; it is still, however, a scarce plant, rarely ripening seeds, and being in- ~ ereased from cuttings with difficulty. Uninfluenced by the hand of the cultivator it will grow tall and slender, but by frequently stopping the leading shoots much more handsome and bushy plants may be ob- tained. If kept in a pot, in the greenhouse, its roots should have plen- ty of room, and free drainage ; but it will grow most luxuriantly if planted in the conservatory, in a border formed of loam, peat, and sand. Derivation or tHE Names, ’ Lrparta from Atrapoc liparos, brilliant, in allusion to the shining of the leaves, Srxzrica from the globe-shaped form of the head of flowers. Synonrmes, Liparta sprerica Linneus Mantissa, 268, Si : . - Sims: Bot. Mag. f. 1241, Lod- diges: Bot. Cabinet, t. 642, ; " Borponta spuarica, Lamarck Encyclop. Method. LEvcopEenpRon SPLENDENS, Burmann : Flora Capensis, Nevete. vv. e G Mie 5, Manta. abe’. * CALOCHOR'TUS AL'BUS. WHITE CALOCHORTUS. ENDOGENZA, OR MONOCOTYLEDONE2. es division to which this plant belongs. Artificial divisions HEXANDRIA, to which MONOGYNIA, a OF LINNEUS, this Plant belongs GENUS. Carocnortus. Pursy. Peritcontvum corollinum, deciduum, hex- — sees seunilin es ee interiora supra basim fovea nec- evlata ve HYPOGYNOSE, 7) FOF LINDLEY. No. 98. aeahara subplana, nuda vel intus parbata. Sramra sex, perigonii foliis se gee ntia. Ovantum triloculare. A in loculis plurima, biseriata, horizontalia, anatr Sricmata tria, subsessilia, lib el basi coalita, reflexa, canalicu - Capsvra oblonga vel subglobosa, trigona, trilocularis, septicido-trivalvis, valvis de is EM- in loculis plurima, uni-vel ata horizontalia, compressiuscula, testa fusca membranacea laxiuscula hine raphe percursa. Em ryo rectus, teres. Fores veered a ati, racemosi vel subsolitarii, purpurei vel albiai. Enpticuer: Genera Plantarum, p. 140. E SPECIES. ve ALOCHORTUS ALBUS. eerie Frorrevs pendulis ovoideo- inflatis, perigon loi exter ubealycinis ovali-oblongis imberbibus, foveolatis, sniteborl bint o lo noni petaloideis margine nudiusculis in- tus barbatis, fovea “te Bi ae CuaracTer or THe GeENus, CaLocnortus. PERIGONE of the nature me a corolla, deciduous, six-leaved, leaves sessile or sho ortly stalked, the inner ones marked above the base on the inside with a nectariferous pit, and bearded on the inside; the outer ones smaller, with the pit, or without, bearded inside or nat: STAMENS six, adhering to the hase of the leaves of the perigon. Ovary three-celled. OvuLes © in each cell several, in two rows, horizontal, anatropous. GMAS three, nearly sessile, free or joined at the base, reflexed, canaliculate. .CapsuLe oblong, three-angled, three-celled, splitting into three valves along the dissepiments, the valves at length bifid. Serens several in each cell, usually in one or two rows, horizontal, somewhat compressed, testa brown, membranous, rather loose, with the raphis running along it on one side. Embryo a le aes , DESCRIPTION OF THE Species, CALOCHORTUS ALB Bu small, tunicated. Stem erect, ea slightly bra tied” ipentactly mooth as well as the rest of the plant, about a foot to a foot and a half high. Leaves sheathing at the base, sword-shaped, rather broad and longer than*the peduncles. PepuNcues axillary, one-flowered, erect, an inch and a half to two inches long, without bracts. FLowrrs disposed, two to four together in the upper part of the stem or branches in loose racemes, almost shortened into umbels, each flower pendulous from the top of the peduncle, of an ovate-globose form, about an inch and a quarter long. OvTER LEAFLETS of the perigon ovate-oblong, greenish in the middle, membranous on the edges, ending in a short point, somewhat concave, but without any beard or nectariferous pit. INNER LEAFLETS double the length of the outer ones, petaloid, white, concave, connivent and blunt at the top, contracted into’a short stalk at the base, marked on the inside witha slightly impressed nectariferous pit covered with inflected hairs, glabrous below it, above it slightly covered with scattered hairs and almost naked at the border, where the few hairs that straggle so far are turned inwards and do not form a fringe. CapsuLe above an inch long, narrowed at both ends, sharply three-angled, each valve being keeled and somewhat winged on the back, entire and terminated in a long point. SxrEps numerous, in two rows, tuberculated, nae INTRODUCTION; WHERE GRowN; Cutture. The. Calochortus albus was transmitted to the Horticultural Society by Mr. Douglas, and preserved from all tendency to ferment and rot during its season of rest. Flowers in June. It is usually potted in sandy peat. DERIVATION OF THE NaMeEs. Catocnortts from cadoc handsome, and yoproc grass. Argus, white. Synonyms. : Cycronorura arpa. Bentham: Transacti f the Horticultural Society, 2nd series, y. 1, p. 413, t. 14, fig.3. Botanical Register, t. 1660. ad 4 2 i 2 we actibaes| A chaos cee tecotak, Werith se. ot os F ‘ HELICO’NIA BICOLOR. TWO-COLOURED HELICONIA. * ENDOGENZ, . oR MONOCOTYLEDONE &- Natural division to which this plant belongs. NATURAL ORDER, MUSACEA, i. ae f Artificial divisions PENTANDRIA, — — Os. to which Pa! MONOGYNIA, : 3 % J | this Plant belongs => oF LINNEUS, No. 101. a nag. Liconta. Linnzus. ee siege foliola exteriora peg lia, valle se petra news osetia lateralia subconformia, approximata, genitalia ienplocte tia, post nanum. Stamina es sexto postico abs spies ay basi perizoni adnate. Ovanrum Aiterems triloculare. Yura in a Pp aa filiformis; stigma depressiusculum, obsolete sex- Iobum. isis subdrupacea, tricocea, coccis osseis indehiscentibus. Semrna in coccis solitaria, obovato- subglohosa, basi- fixa, testa ab endocarpis vix solubili. Embryo orthotropus, ‘eed in axi albuminis farinaceo-carnosi, extremitate radiculari-umbilicum a ingente, in- fera. Henba: foliis =_ Hee: petiole: basi vaginantibus, soos m radiea- lem sx ° . Enpirener: € Genera Plantarum, p. ~ SPECIES. sl misaete BIcotor, foliis basi angustatis acuminatis nervosis, dene heformi ‘colorato, apes lanceolatis coccineis 1-6 flo- a res, perigo F apicem concretis, filamento sterili icenie integro. CHARACTER OF THE Genus, Heticonia. Prricon epigynous, the exterior leaflets equal, growing together at the base, the two lateral : inner ones nearly similar to them, placed near together, embracing the genital organs, the upper one very small. Stamens five, the sixth upper one being entirely wanting, adnate to the base of the perigon. Ovary adherent, three-celled. Ovu.es solitary in each cell, ascending from the base of the axis, anatropous. Styx filiform; stigma slightly depressed, obscurely six-cleft. Capsuze somewhat drupaceous, formed of three bony indehiscent nuts. Seeps solitary in each nut, obovate, or globose, attached by the base; the testa scarcely separable from the endocarp. Emspryo reece linear, placed in the axis of a farinaceous fleshy albumen. DESCRIPTION OF THE Species, HeLiconia Bicotor. Root tuberous. Leaves numerous; foot-stalks stiff, erect, solid, three feet high, with scattered blotches of a fine brownish down, sheathing the stem at the base; lamina eighteen to twenty inches long, contracted at the base, and terminated in a long point, marked with longitudinal 25 impressed veins, perfectly smooth, excepting a longitudinal row of hairs on each side of the midrib on the under side. FLOWERING STEM rising to the height of the leaves, terminated in a distichous spike of flowers, the lowest spathe or upper stem-leaf without any flowers, coloured at the base like the spathe, terminated in a green leaf like the lower ones, but smaller; the other spathe lanceolate, acute, clasping the stem at the base, hollow, but less so than in most species, rather longer than the flowers, and like the flower-stem the pedicels and evaria of a brilliant scarlet. The two lower spathes contain six, the two next four pedicels, and as many membranous whitish bracts, tinged with pink. FLOWERS inodorous. DIvisIONS OF THE PERIGON of a pure white tinged with green at the top, and of a firm wax-like _ consistence, the five upper ones adhering firmly nearly to the top; the lower one spreading, all of them narrow, linear-lanceolate. StTa- MENS five, fertile; filaments flattened, linear, terminated by a jlinear, oblong anther; sixth rudimentary stamen lanceolate, not half as long as the petal. . : PopuLaR aND GeocrapHicaL Notice. This splendid genus, allied to the Bananas or Plantain trees, is confined to the tropical parts of America and the West Indies; and although the growth of the plants is slow, and they therefore occupy a valuable place in the stove for many years before they flower, yet they fully repay the cultivator’s patience and care, by the great beauty and long duration of their spikes of flowers. The present species, a native of the Brazils, is peculiarly conspicuous by the contrast of the richly coloured flower-stem and spathe, with the white of the flower itself. It appears to come nearest to the Heliconia acuminata of Richard, but differs especially in the colourjof the flowers. G. B. {NTROpUCTION; WHERE GROWN; CULTURE. This new Heliconia was sent, ten or twelve years since, by Baron de Schach, from the Brazils, to the Botanic Garden at Liverpool. It has there- been grown in the stove, in a mixture of loam and peat with a little manure, and flowered in the months of February and March, when our drawing was made. ‘It may be propagated by offsets or by division. DERIVATION OF THE NaMEs. HEticonia: Spe is said that Linneus derived this name from Mount Helicon, sa- cred to uses, to indicate the affinity between Heliconia and Musa, an Uivinatony not strictly in accordance with the usual exactness of that great master, if it be true that Musa was dedicated toa Professor of that name and Muses. Brcotor, two-coloured, in the colour of the sp d that of the flowers, Melt rrcs e: & o7 & hotties ANTHOCERCIS LITTO’REA. SEA-COAST ANTHOCERCIS. EXOGENA, oR DICOTYLEDONEA. Natural division to which this Plant a, NATURAL ORDER, SOLANACEZ, COROLLIFLORE, &3 ; ers divisions OF vi to which snotoserntis, « DECANDOLLE, y this Plant mt OF LINNEUS. No. 102. ANTHOCERCIS. LABILLARDIERE. Catyx quinquefidus. Corotra camp ubo basi coarctaté staminifera, limbo quinquepartito, equali Stamina inclusa, didynama, cum ru q TIGMA capitato-emargin- cad atum. Capsu ia bildeolars, bivalvis, valyularum ‘isa plintBis Tak inflexis placente parallele inse siete Semina reticulata. Frutices glabriusculi. Foura alterna petiolato sive attenuata cum ramo articulata, crassa, nunc serio vara anera Fiores axillares, subsolitarii pedunculo minute bracteato, ad articulum se- pius solubili. Corona alba vel flava, speciosa, tubo intus striato, limbo quan- doque = ad octo-partito. Roperr Brown. Prodromus Flore Nove Hol- landia, p. oda ANTHOCERCIS LITTOREA. LapintarDieRe. Fouts obovatis im- punctatis margine levibus utrinque ramulisqne ae amg corollz laciniis tubo longioribus, capsula oblonga calycem bis supera ' CHARACTER OF THE GENUS, a a Catyx five cleft. Coro.ta bell-shaped; the tube contracted and bearing the stamens at its base; the limb equally five-cleft. StTameENs included in the corolla, didynamous, with a rudiment of the fifth. StTiemas capitate, emarginate. CApsuLE two-celled, two-valved, the margins of the valves bent inwards, attached to the parallel placenta. SreEps reti- culate DESCRIPTION OF THE SPECIES, ANTHOCERCIS LITTOREA. Thisis an erect Surus, which in its native country attains the height of six or eight feet. Leaves obovate or oblong, obtuse, with sometimes a small point, perfectly entire, narrowed and sometimes shortly stalked at the base, thickish, one-nerved, not dotted, and perfectly smooth as well as the branches. FLOweEnr either solitary, or one or two together from the axille of the upper leaves, or more frequently several together in loose terminal racemes. PrpuNncLeEs furnished with a few small bracts, pedicels larger than the calyx, naked or furnished with two ex- ceedingly minute bracts Catyx bell-shaped, the tube narrowed at the base, five-ribbed, smooth ; division of the limb linear, rather longer than. the tube, but much shorter than the tubeof the corolla. Cor- — OLLA bell-shaped, smooth, yellow, slightly ribbed outside, the inside of the tube marked with from thirteen to fifteen longitudinal purple stripes; divisions of the limb linear, somewhat broader at the base, spreading, longer than the tube. STAMENS inserted in the base of the corolla, shorter than its tube, the filaments dilated at the base, the anthers nearly globular, the cells parallel, bursting by longitudinal slits; rudiment of the fifth stamen very minute. Porutar aNnp GeoGcrapnHicaL Notice. This, the original species, was discovered by Labillardiere, on the South West Coast of Australia, where Mr. Brown found also a second species, and two others have since been detected by Mr: Cunningham in the interior, from Port Jackson. The genus, thus confined to Australia, belongs to the same group as the South American genus, Salpiglossis, and which is as it were intermediate between Scrophulariacex and Solanacez; but as the stamens are always didynamous, and the estivation of the corolla in the young bud decidedly bilabiate, we have no hesitation in refer- ring it to Scrophulariacee, notwithstanding the slight curvature of the embryo, which probably induced Mr. Brown to class it amongst Solanacee. InTRopucTION; WHERE GRowN; CuLTurE. The Anthocercis littorea, was first introduced into this country in the year 1803,"and has ever since remained in our greenhouses, where it grows freely, in a mixture of sand and peat, and may be readily increased by cuttings. theless a desirable plant, and the more particularly so in as much as it continues in blossom during the whole of the summer and autumn. Our drawing was made in the rich collection of Mrs. Lawrence of Drayton Green. DeERIvaTION OF THE NAMEs. Antuocerctis, from dy@o¢ a flower, — Repeee a ray, intended to signify the ra- diating flower ; although, according t 1 in composing these names, the words should have been transposed, and the ‘plant called Cercidanthus, Laos signifies growing on the sea coast. SyNONYMEs. ANTHOCERCIS LITTOREA. eran Basa Hollandiz Plantarum Speci- men, V. 2, p. 19, t. 158. Bot. Reg. t. z lj@ i MIG det Sundae Beyoreece treet hala. eo é BEGONIA INCARNATA, Eagan ee ROSE-COLOURED BEGONIA. iil oR DICOTYLEDONE &. Natural division { to which = this Plant belongs. MONOCHLAMYDER, f>P\on sccagerte 8 divisions. OF es which DECANDOLLE, this Fost belongs. No. 103. GENUS. Beconra. Linn Fores unisexuales monoici vel divici. Mascvurr: Serara duo Pea T WuGols conduplicati iva. Prraza duo con- cava sepalis alterna et minora. Stamina in centro floris sita, numero indefinita, basi plus minusve coalita. ANTHER# cum filamento continu ue, clavate, con- nectivo = sige: rima longitudinali sepe obliqua vel sinuosa dehiscent- ibus. Pistr nullum, Famine#: Catycis tubus ov: aie aie te ¢ adnatus, in- sequaliter tlateraiy trialatus, limbus bipartitus laciniis westiva. tione conduplicativa. Prraza sepius duo valde inequalia, alteram (latere tubi cori asi pe iy opposite cei ag vel eae itum, alterum (latere plano opposi- vel plu _ Stary ook Ovarium adna ilik ¥LUS breviagenins sailabue lab sepalis ‘et petals majori oppositis. ce IGMATA tria, crassa, Bit vel bilo na, inequaliter trialata, trilo- cularis, iste. basi rimis ad margines a dehiscens, Semina testa iaphana reticulata, embryone celluloso, albumine nullo,radicula ad hilum . Hers su a tum, trigonum, triloculare, ] ti SPECIES. seconra mncarnata. Livx er Orro. Caule erecto ramoso peers et pve dimidiato-cordatis acuminatis sictlats: densitia et ci- liato- s glabris vel supra sparse strigosis, stipulis lanceolatis, nee sativa mu Itifors subterminalibus demum lateralibus, capsule ala maxima trian CHARACTER OF THE GENUS, BEGoNIA. FLOWERS unisexual mone- cious or diecious. Mates: Sepals two, distinct, folded against each centre of the flower and more or less joined together at the base. PIsTIL none. Fada: Cayx with the tube completely adnate to the ovarium, unequally three-sided and three-winged, the limb divided into two nearly equal parts folded against each other inthe bud. Per- TALS usually two, one bifid or bipartite, the other smaller-and entire, REFERENCE TO THE mmeenie bere ten wares petals taken away, showing the stamens. 2, Anther, seen from seen from the edge. 5, Stigma magnified. 6, ae oe sit ins din dni Alsen sts ata adie 7, Section of the fruit, sometimes four or more. STAMENS none. Ovary adnate, three-an- gled, three-celled, with polyspermous central placente. STYLE short and thick, three-lobed. St1iemas three, waved or two-lobed. CapsuLE membranous three-sided, unequally three-winged, three-celled, many _ seeded, opening at the base in slits along the margin of the wings. Sreps with a thin transparent reticulate testa, a very cellular embryo, no albumen, and a short radicle directed towards the hilum. DescripTION OF THE Spectres, Begonia INcaRNAaTA. STEM herbaceous, three to four feet high, smooth, swollen at the joints. Leaves on rather long foot-stalks, very unequally cordate, acuminate, angularly toothed or almost lobed, and also furnished with a number of small ciliate serratures of a shining green, with a few scattered hairs above, smooth and often reddish underneath. Streuxes lanceolate, pellucid. PepuNcLEs two or three times dichotomous, at first appa- rently terminal, but becoming at length lateral, nodding. BracTeas ovate cordate, deciduous. FLOWERS moneecious, large, rose-coloured. Mates: Sepats large, round-cordate. Prras nearly as long, but narrow, spathulate. STaMENs connected together at the base. AN- THERS oblong-clavate, rather longer than the fore part of the filaments. FemaLes: Loses of the calyx smaller than the sepals of the males, and not so broad. One PETAL (opposite the convex side of the ovary) as large as the divisions of the calyx, and, more or less deeply and unequally divided into two; the other petal nearly as long, but much narrower. CapsuLE three-winged, one very large, triangular, with a sharp or somewhat blunt external angle; the opposite one considerably smaller, and very blunt; the lateral one very narrow. Poputar AnD GrocrapnicaL Notice. The genus Begonia, nu- merous in species, and widely diffused in the hotter regions of both hemispheres, with the exception, perhaps, of the continent of Africa, has, by the singularity of its structure, much puzzled the most distin- guished botanists, both as to the nature of the floral parts, and as to the affinities of the genus forming by itself the order Begoniacez it was formerly considered as having but a simple floral envelope, and as being allied amongst Monochlamydew to Polygonacee. This opinion is now, however, generally abandoned. All appear to agree in classing it amongst vegetables of a higher order of structure, with a double floral envelope; some considering the divisions of the appa- rent perigon as a true corolla, the calyx being supposed to be abor- tive; and others following Lindley the perigon of the ordinary species as a calyx, and the additional divisions observable in some as the corolla. The affinities of the order have been severally sought in Hydrangee, Umbellifere, Campanulacee, Cucurbitacee, and Ona- grariex. With regard to the floral envelopes, starting from the principle that all such organs are intrinsically of the same nature, viz: transformed leaves, and that the difference between calyx and corolla depends merely on their relative position, we may observe that in Begonia re a ( “es feast _ ae peo I a —_— a to siren in both mz g the others in the bud, and which 3 in the females are in direct relation with the two principal wings of the ovary; these alone ought perhaps to be considered as the calyx ; whilst the others, whether two, three, or more, th pear to me to have all the distinguishing marks of pet One sruaees ie oe sma of a disepalous calyx with an adherent tube, may how the nervation of this supposed adhe- rent part, sence we fecha observe three wings or prominent nerves, and three intermediate less marked nerves. Let us however suppose the tube of the calyx so completely adherent as to form but one substance with the ovarium, we ought thus in the young state, when the cal is the strong organ, and the functions of the ovarium not yet called into action, to find the form approaching that which the calyx would give it, and as this organ withers away and the ovarium commences to de- pd itself, the outer form might be expected to suit itself more or less o the structure of the ovarium. Accordingly in the young bud, of sani sven at least, we find the tube very much sn ar the two edges corresponding to the midribs of the sepals prom nently wage one side perfectly flat with a vein along the sacs where the sepals may be supposed to meet, the other side convex with one corresponding vein sometimes winged and sometimes not more prominent than the other; and if in this early stage intermediate veins may be traced on the convex side and not on the flat one, the faint as to show that they are of a secondary nature, or perhaps belong- ing to the ovarium and not to the calyx. As the fruit swells after fe- cundation, the convex side becomes more prominent, the intermediate veins more marked; and finally, though even the fruit is usually very irregular, in this respect, yet we may sometimes see a nearly equi- lateral triangular three-winged capsule. In one species I have occa- sionally found one cell of the ovary not developed, and a regular compressed two-winged capsule. It is probable that no immediate affinities to Begoniacee can be traced amongst any plants hitherto known, and that some remote an- alogy is all that can be looked for with an order so strikingly charac- terised. Laying entirely aside the few orders still left amongst Mono- chlamydex, and neglecting also Monopetale, for it does not appear that anything but the dehiscence of the capsule, the least important of all carpological characters, led to the approximation with Campanula- cex, it is amongst calyciflorous Polypetale that we must seek for the nearest allies. Of these Hydrange and Umbellifere appear to me to have no connection of any importance with Begoniacee; ‘but Cucurbi- tacew and Onagracew, near which Lindley has lately placed them, have certainly many essential points in common with them. Cucurbitacee, in particular, have the same unisexual flowers, ternary inferior fruit, and want of albumen, with a certain degree of resemblance in the styles and anthers; but on the other hand their habit, their tendrils, definite stamens, the absolute as well as relative number of the floral equally important characters in which they widely differ. The regu- lar, isomerous, quaternary, floral and carpellary parts of Onagracex, are still more incompatible with Begoniacez. Perhaps some affinity might also be traced in Portulacee, many of which have, like Bego- niacee, stipulate leaves, a dichotomous inflorescence, two sepals occasionally semi-adherent, with a ternary ovarium, axile placente, and petals and stamens bearing no regular relation either to the calyx or to the ovary; but here, again, the structure of the seeds, and the want of dissepiments in the ovarium, which is, moreover, usually free, are very important points of difference. The species, of which a slight variety, very graceful in appearance, ornamental with the Brazilian ones, and have the advantage of requiring rather less heat. INTRODUCTION; WHERE GROWN; CULTURE. The Begonia incar- nata was first obtained from some earth in which other Mexican plants were sent to the Berlin Garden from M. Deppe. It was thence sent to Edinburgh, by some mistake, under the name of Begonia ciliata, and Dr. Graham ascertaining it was not that species, described it as a new ene, giving it the name of Begonia insignis, by which it is generally known in this country. Like other Begonias it likes a light mixture of peat, loam, and sand. Without requiring, in ordinary circumstances, any high degree of temperature, it is easily forced, and made to pro- duce its handsome drooping branches of flowers in great profusion at all times of the year. Our drawing was made from a plant in the Bir- mingham Horticultural Society's garden. We were favoured also with a drawing from a fine specimen in the nursery of Mr. Henderson, of Pine-apple Place, London. ~ = “s Derivation or THE Names. EGONIA, named by T, i i moter of Botany. Spanteenice a SYNONY MES, — INcaRNATA, Link and Otto. Abbildungen, t. 19, eee Rio Graham: Botanical agazine, t. 2900, Botanical Re- Ce. ; Ch sing frcuclovestlea at ERICA PSEU’DO-VESTITA. ~ CLOTHED HYBRID HEATH. EXOGENZ, OR DICOTYLEDONE&. Natural division to which this Plant ones f NATURAL ORDER, ERICACE, Artificial a | onunenie by) to which as ods ed a this Plant a No. 104, GENUS. Erica. Linvzus. ines aualie profunde os se se- pius qua adriparti tus. Coro.xua tubulo: , cam ulata vel globosa, limbo brevi quadrifido, ‘erecto recurvo este eat Habba: CALYCIFLORE, OF DECANDOLLE. uloso inserta. FILaMENTA libera vel —— ee ha. ANTHERE cristatisve aucte vel mutice. Ovarium pel bt ‘paul pluriovulatis, vel quadrifi APSULA S seaumeeag aie a pana’ alvi vis. ae in loculis pera ee tig Fror p Pp tro-Africanez. ius li ia rigid — ICELLI uniflori axillares vel terminales tribracteati, CHARACTER OF THE GENUS, Ertca. Caxyx deeply four-cleft, or more frequently divided into four distinct sepals of equal size. Co- ROLLA tubular, salver-shaped, pitcher-shaped, bell-shaped, or globular, with a short four-cleft limb, which is erect, recurved, rolled back, or spreading. STAMENs eight, or rarely six or seven, inserted under an hypogynous disk, which is frequently glandular. Fmaments free, or slightly monadelphous. ANTHERS terminal or lateral, with or without two subulate or crest-shaped appendages at the insertion of the fila- ments. Ovary four-celled, each cell with many ovules. Styx filiform. StiemMa capitate, or sometimes broad and peltate, entire or four-lobed. CapsuLe four-celled, splitting through the middle of the cells into four valves. SeEps numerous in each cell, attached to central placentz. DESCRIPTION OF THE CLOTHED HYBRID HeatH. An erect shrub, having much the appearance of the smaller varieties of Erica vestita. BrancHeEs smooth, densely covered with leaves. Leaves subulate, about half an inch long, smooth, six or more in a whorl. FLowers drooping, growing one, two, or three together, at the end of the axillary branches, shorter than the leaves, which gives the appearance of an irregular spike below the extremity of the branches. Bracrs linear, unequal in length, much shorter than the sepals, and at some distance from them. Sepats about three lines long, shortly ovate at the base, keeled, with a membranous margin, and terminating in a long subulate, green, and leaf-like point. Coroua seven or eight lines long, pink, with a whitish limb, tubular, straight or slightly curved, slightly swelling in the middle or above it, and scarcely contracted at the top, perfectly smooth, and obscurely ribbed; the limb short, somewhat spreading. ANTHERS at the throat of the corolla with subulate appen- ages. Svy.e rather longer than the corolla, with a rather large capitate stigma. Ovary turbinate, ribbed, woolly. Poputar aNp Geocrapuicat Notice. This is one of those innu- merable artificial hybrids, which are almost daily added to this splen- did tribe by our indefatigable horticulturists; and which appear in our catalogues as natives of the Cape of Good Hope, where, indeed, their ancestors grew, but where it would be in vain to search for anything like these their degenerate, though beautiful, descendants. There ms no reason to suspect that a single Heath, naturally hybrid, has ever been found in a wild state; and as it appears absolutely necessary that the same artificial process which produces them, should be made use of to enable them to mature their seeds, their repug- nancy to the regular laws of nature is as clearly demonstrated in the case of this genus as in that of any other. With regard to the origin of the individual here figured, it is evident that Erica vestita, with which it has so much affinity, must have been one of the parents. The other one may, perhaps, have been selected from amongst the tubular species with terminal flowers and awned anthers; or, more probably, from some one of the already numerous hybrids between Erica vestita and Erica ventricosa. Ge B. INTRODUCTION; WHERE GROWN; CuLTURE. This beautiful vari- ety of Heath was raised from seed by Mr. Thomas Williams, gardener to John Williams, Esq. of Oldford, Staffordshire; and is one amongst many hundred varieties raised by the same ienledatignble cultivator. The generating, as it may be termed, numerous attractive plants, like that which we now figure, may be counted amongst the benefits accru- ing to society by the united zeal of a liberal proprietor and intelligent tdener. With the description of another beautiful variety of Heath, raised at Oldford, we intend giving some original observations on the culture of these plants. Derivation or THE Name. Iresien Ou a supposition that it was some species of this genus that Pliny meant by his Erica; oe Dioscorides or Theophrastns ‘by their 4 — PsEvpo- vestiTA, false vesti rica vestita, a name not eden, it is true, to the rules of betanieat® nomenclature but well suited to a garden hybrid, — which a good botanical name, in numerous a genus, would be thrown aw: 7 waht? ton ‘ TCD 2ecy ~ dip feat earn tort. GLOXIN'IA SPECIO'SA. ~ SHOWY GLOXINIA. EXOGENE. : OR DICOTYLEDONES. Na — division ‘ o which ~ this Plant a 4 NATURAL ORDER, GESNERACEA, CALYCIFLORA, Artificial divisions OF to which AN apache ev AE DECANDOLLE. this Plant a OF LINNEUS. No. 105. ‘ GENUS. Guoxinta.. I’ Heririzr. Catyx ovarii Sean niasies, limbo a quepartito libero. Cororza semisuperior obliqua, infundibuliformis aut ca: ta subringens, basi postice gibba, tubo ventricoso, limbi patuli fabio superiore | bilobo, i ilobo. is coherentibus ; rudim quinti posticum. GLANDULZ quinque perigyne, Capsota uniloealars, bivalvis, placentis duabus parietalibus epiits seminibus numerosis oblongis. TUBER crassum. Cavtis simplex vel subnullus, Forta opposita crassa, Pook s ted axillares, -saieeeaerte: yen SPECIOSA. LoppicEs. Fouts cano-hirsutis ovali-ellip- ticis » pedunculis ae flore longioribus, segmentis calycis angu- latis ccominadll Gihercentha. CHARACTER OF THE GENUS, a iss: CALyxi eto half of the ovary, the limb five-cleft, free. Coro semai-iupexian, oblique, funnel shaped or bellshaped somewhat gaping at the mouth, the tube gibbous at the base on the upper side, swelled in the middle, the limbs preading two-lipped, the upper lip of two, the lower of three divisions. Stamens four, didynamous, the anthers cohering. Rupi- MENT of a fifth stamen on the upper side. GLanps five, perigynous. CapsuteE one-celled, two-valved, with two parietal two-cleft placente, and numerous oblong seeds. Ss DESCRIPTION OF THE SPECIES, GLOXINIA SPECIOSA, -Tuser thick. Svem thick, simple, sometimes very short and entirely concealed by the leaves, sometimes lengthened out to the dimensions. of a foot, always more or less hairy. L&aves varying in size from four to six or eight inches in length, borne on short or long footstalks, more or less ovate and elliptical, sometimes very broad and rounded or even heart- shaped at the base, occasionally, especially the upper ones narrowed at the base, always crenate, soft, thick, convex or bullate, and covered with whitish hairs on both sides; upper floral leaves generally reduced to a very small size. FLowers large and numerous, forming a hand- some bunch within the leaves, usually shorter than they are, sometimes 26 far out-topping them. Each flower is borne ona long axillary ebracte- ate peduncle. Caxyx broadly campanulate, the tube short and adher- ing to the ovarium, the divisions more or less broadly lanceolate, ter- minating in a point, from half an inch to three quarters in length, green, hairy, and foliaceous. Corowa nodding, from one and a half to two and a half inches in length, violet coloured on the outside, the divisions of the limb broad rounded, the lower one rather longer and smaller and more deeply separated than the others, all of them pale on the inside, the throat purple and the tube streaked inside white and purple. Popuar AND Geocrapuicat Notice. Two supposed species of Gloxinia, speciosa and caulescens, are well known to our hothouse ama- teurs by name, but, in any large collection, so gradual a connecting link between the one and the other may be observed, as to render it impos- sible to draw any line of distinction; and this is not entirely owing to hybridising, although that has been much practised, but owing to their being naturally but varieties of one species, as shown by native speci- mens, and consequently garden seedlings must be expected to sport even beyond the limits observed in their own country, the Brasilian em- pire. The present variety, intermediate between the two extremes in the length of the stem, exceeds most of them in the beauty of colour and size of the flower. : G. B. Intropuction; Wuere GROWN; CoLTurE. The species was first introduced about the year 1815, and being of easy cultivation is become common in our hothouses. The beautiful variety, the subject of the present plate, was raised by Mrs. Lawrence of Drayton Green, where _ our drawing was made. To this lady—a most liberal patron of flori- culture, we are also indebted for numerous specimens of the most splendid newly-introduced exotics. This fine variety of Gloxinia Speciosa requires to be kept in the stove; and should be permitted to have a season of rest, by keeping the soil nearly dry when its tuber becomes dormant. It may be raised by cuttings, either of the leaves or stems, and should be potted in a rich soil, mixed with coarse sand. Derivation or tHE Name. Groxm1a named by L’ Heéritier i h = : Sreciosa, Seas ree Fin Aonour of Gloxin, a botanist of Colmar. G Synonrmes. LOXINIA SPECIOSA, Loddiges’ Botanical Cabinet, t. 28. Botanical Reg. t. 213. IN ScENs, Botanical Register, t. 1127, Cc Guoxinta cave > * ee Chorogomat Buihpanct’. Novi se ia ea CHOROZE’MA DICKSONII. DICKSON’ CHOROZEMA. EXOGENZ, oR DICOTYLEDONE &. Natural division to which this Plant belongs. NATURAL ORDER, LEGUMINOSA. eg eee Artificial divisions DECANDRIA, to which MONOGYNIa, dncinestal: this Plant belongs. OF LINNEUS, No. 106. GENUS. Cuorozema. Lapittarpiere. Catyx ad medium vel brevius bilabiatus, a superiore a nag fork Sea tripartito. CoroLLe ix longius, rotundat vel bifidum. Artz oblonge basi iirestate Carina is Saori frre cosa, gactstens Sramina libera, fila- mentis glabris. Ovarrum sessile vel breviter stipitatum, dense pluriovulatum. Srytus brevis, uncinato-recurvus, glaber. Sriama obliquum vel subrectum, tenue vel capitatum. LrecumEn ovatum, sessile vel subsessile, turgidum, intus nudum. Hers suffrutices, fruticesve. Fouta alterna vel sparsa, simplicia, coriacea, sepius glabra. Stieutz parve,subulate. InrLrorEscENTIA a racemosa . vel axillaris s nh m terminalem foliosum approximatis. ti PEDICELLI Viet Pome Sebati vel aurantiaci. Benraam: Annalen des Wiener Museums, v. p. 74. SPEC ac Cu orozeMA Dickson, caule fruticoso, erecto; foliis sparsis, lanceolatis, is, mucronatis, sub-recurvis, utrinque sub-pilosis; racemis foliis 5 oipieaitta, spicatis; calyce pilis nigris, et albidis longioribus, vestito. CHARACTER OF THE GENUS, CyorozemMa. CALyx split to the iniddle or not so deeply into two lips, of which the upper one is broad and shortly two-cleft; the lower one deeply three-cleft. STANDARD scarcely longer than the wings, round, emarginate or two-cleft. Wuves oblong, narrowed at the base. Ket shorter than the wings, ventricose, blunt. StTaMENS free, the filaments smooth. Ovary sessile or borne on a short stalk, with several ovules. Styzte short, hooked, smooth. Sticma oblique or nearly straight, slender or capitate. Pop ovate, sessile or nearly so, swollen, without any pithy substance inside. : DESCRIPTION OF THE Species, CHorRoOzEMA Dicksonit. SuHrRvup erect, branched, slender, twigs ascending, green, hairy, and sprinkled with darker green spots. Leaves lanceolate, spreading or reflected, ciliated, and having generally, on both surfaces, a few long spreading hairs, mucronate, without stipules, shortly petiolate. RAcEMES oppo- site to the leaves, spicate; pedicels cernuous, solitary in the axils of subulate deciduous bracts. FLOwERs few on each raceme, collected near the apex, large and handsome, orange-red. Calyx _bilabiate, somewhat attenuated at the base, on the outside as well as the pedicels and rachis hairy, the hairs being partly long, white, and spreading, partly short, adpressed, and black, on the inside purple and less hairy; upper lip bifid, the lobes diverging and broad; lower lip tri- partite, the segments lanceolate-subulate, reflected. Preraxs. inserted near the base of the calyx, vexillum large, semi-orbicular, reflected, notched, of nearly uniform red orange on both sides, and towards the keel with an oblong yellow spot which is rather longer than the upper lip of the calyx; wings spathulato-elliptical, redder and darker than the vexillum, connivent along the upper edge and at the apex, pitted on the outside, and having a corresponding blunt tooth within; keel sub- acute, covered by the wings, inflated, its petals agglutinated from the apex to the claws, which are linear and distant. Stamens included in the keel, ten, free; anthers small, yellow, erect, bursting in front. PisTiL about the same length as the stamens; stigma slightly pointed; style flat, with a dense tuft of short white hairs immediately below the stigma on its outer side, and a small hook above; germen stipulate, closely covered with rather long adpressed hairs, colourless and silky on the sides, black at both sutures. OvuLEs numerous, (about ten.) R.G Popurar anp Grocrapuican Notice. Australia, that fertile, and most promising country, has exclusively furnished us with numerous genera of plants, particularly of the order Leguminose, amongst which our present subject ranks with conspicuous heauty. The first plant of this genus was discovered by Labillardiere, who was attached to the voyage of research, which had for its principal object the discovery of the lost La Perouse, and the genus thereby becomes immortalized by its connexion with these celebrated men. Prt Uebel ilies GRowN; CuLture. This very handsome plant J Dicl d Sons, of Edinburgh, from seeds received in . 1836, from Mrs. Murray of Lintrose, Forfarshire, having been originally imported from Swan River. Its present height, (January, 1839) is three feet, but it appears not unlikely to grow to ble this height. It flowers in the greenhouse from May to Septem- ber. It may be propagated either from seeds or cuttings, and should be planted in sandy peat and loam. Derivation OF THE Names. reek pod! cHORos, a dance; Enua zEMa a drink, in allusion to the joy Sarenrhy Labillardiere on. finding fresh water and a pe sof Chorozema ne — from the G 1 a : patrepha frariclareafoton JA‘'TROPHA PANDURAFOLIA. FIDDLE-LEAVED JATROPHA. EXOGENA, : oR DICOTYLEDONEZ. “¢ Natural division to which peice this Plant belongs, NATURAL ORDER, EUPHORBIACEA. mab rte ame 4 fies ficial divisions. ~ MONGCIA, to which a - MONADELPHIA, DECANDOR SAE e Plant belongs. ia OF LINNEUS, No. 107. ‘ GENUS. Jarrorna. Linvzvs. .Firores monoici, Caryx quinqueparti- tus aut quinquelobus; prefloratio convolutiva. Cororna quinquepartita aut nulla; prefloratio contorta. GianpuL# aut squamule quinque, rarius nulle, nune distincte, nune in annulum sinuatum discumve coalite, Mascugr: Stamina octo ad decem, filamentis infra connatis, quorum tria vel quinque in- teriora longiora. Femrner. Srvx tres, bilobi bifidive, aut plures dichotomi. Sriemara sex aut plura. Ovartvm triloculare, loculis we stata Fructus capsularis tricoccus. ARBORES aut frati ices, pitas her w lactescentes. Fora alterna, integra ve vel lobata, , corymbosi, plerum que ‘non et colorati. Adrien de Jussieu de Rushortieatee generibus, 7. 8 Jarno PANDURS FOLIA. pene. _ Gxers Spe im af ovato-oblon: 4 alibus, c i 3 erie pmanciaviepee pening tama quinque interioribus longiori ' CHARACTER OF THE di dori. _ Frowers | ifvacicious. of five petals or none, twisted in the bud. G five, seldom none, either distinct or joined together in a little : ring al disk. Mae flowers: SraMens eight or ten, the filaments joined together at the base, three or five inner ones longer t than the others. FEMALE flowers: Styies three, two-lobed or ati or several : times dichotomous. Stiamas six, or several. OVARY with one ovule in each cell. Frurr capsular, of three © cocci. DESCRIPTION OF THE SPECIES, JATROPHA PANDUREFOLIA. SHRUB of two or three feet in height, without any hairs, but the stem often marked with oblong tubercles. Leaves on short foot-stalks, three or four inches long, usually obovate-oblong, ending in a long point, broad and entire, or with here and there a very small tooth in the upper part, contracted below the middle, and near the base there are more or less of sharp teeth, and sometimes acuminated lobes, green on the upper side, tinged more or less with red underneath. StipvLEs very minute, setaceous, with a broad base. Corymss terminal, on long foot-stalks. Bracts lanceolate at the base of each ramification, the lower ones half an inch long, the upper ones much shorter. CaLyx reddish, bell-shaped, with five teeth or short lobes. PrTaxs five, three times as long as the calyx, slightly connected at the base, obovate or obcordate, of a rich red colour. STaMeENs in the males, ten, five outer ones just projecting above the tube of the corolla, five longer inner ones. CapsuLe of the females large and smooth. PopuLar aND GeoGrapHicaL Notice. This genus, chiefly in- habiting the tropical regions of both continents, is numerous in species, even after the deduction of the Manihots (Janipha), and the Sipho- nias, or American Caoutchouc trees. They are many of them very ornamental, and furnish some very powerful medicines, amongst others the celebrated Curcas of East India. The present species belongs to a West Indian group remarkable for their large red petals, all of which would be very desirable acquisitions. G. B. INTRODUCTION; WHERE GROWN; CuLTuRE. The J atropha Pan- durefolia was first introduced by Mr. J. Fraser from the island of Cuba, in the beginning of the present century. It has ever since remained in our stoves, though not very frequently seen. The great _impulse lately given to, Horticulture has induced not only the intro- duction of novelties, but the searching out of many old but beautiful plants lying almost neglected in our stoves; amongst others the __ present one certainly rivals in appearance many of the handsome new Euphorbias. Our drawing was made in July, from a plant in the rich collection of Mrs. Lawrence of Drayton Green. When successfully cultivated, it is not only a handsome shrub, but a very free flowerer, , and deserving a place in every well-stocked stove. Itshould be potted in a mixture of loam, peat, and sand; and, like other milky succulent plants, have an ample quantity of drainers beneath its roots, and be rather sparingly watered in winter. It may be propagated by cuttings, which should be made in spring just before it commences growing. When these are taken from the parent plant, they should be laid by in the stove, for twenty-four hours at least, previous to being planted. This will reduce their juices, and prevent premature decay. After- wards plant them in sand, and give a strong bottom heat, which will soon excite them to active vegetation. DERIVATION or THE NAMES Jatropua, from iarpoc a physician, and rpogn food, from its importance in medicine. Panpursrormis, in botanical Latin ashape compared to that of our fiddles, though nothing like that of the Renin pandura, Synonrmes. JatTRopHA Panpur#&rouia.* Sims: Botanical Magazine, t. 604. tk Phar tier adiet % pe gpai iret at i ge an wee Meritt xc a @ , GONGO’RA ATROPURPU REA. DARK PURPLE GONGORA. ENDOGENE, = oR MONOCOTYLEDONER- ; iP es = Natural division *- to which : "ag plant belongs. ep ae ORDER, ORCHIDACEZ. GYNASNDROSR, Artificial divisions f Sy. GYNANDRIA, OF to which ' MONANDRIA, LINDLEY. this Plant belongs , OF LINNEUS, ee gww rer Zoe iow wee ea No. 108. GENUS. Goncora. “His z-ET Pavon. Peeucomr Bagi foliola exte- riora lateralia st ee supremum column nz dorso adnatum; interiora minora, columne medio connata. Lapeiium cum basi Ceili continuum, liberum, Saaiicdlatun, nypochilio explanato utrinque cornuto, oe Oe verti- . cali ancipiti (faciebus oppositis complicatis connatis) acuminato. CotumnNna elongata, arcuata, clavata marge wie AN — ineo tee bilocularis. Por. tii duo linearia i Bx Americane, epiphyte, pseudo-bulbose. Fortra aac ‘Racemi snail? Mata multiflori. Enp- LicnEr: Genera Plantarum, p. 1 SPECIES GonGORA ATROPURPUREA. Hoorer. Foxtts miultiplieais, per te foliolis herons lata basi acuminatis, ——— ub-quadricornuto enticulis in CHARACTER OF THE GENUS, Goncona. PERIGON noreaciae, the outer lateral divisions free and divaricate, the upper one adnate to the back of the column, the inner one smaller, adnate to the middle of the column. LaBeELLUM continuous with the base of the column, free, unguiculate; the hypochilium spreading, cornute on’ both sides, the epichilium vertical, flattened, with the opposite faces folded together and connate, acuminate. CoLuMN long, arched, club-shaped, with a margin. ANTHER incompletely bilocular. POLLEN-MASsEs two, linear, sessile, on a wedge-shapéd caudicula. DESCRIPTION OF THE SPECIES, GONGORA ATROPURPUREA. PseEv- po-BULBS oblong-cylindrical, deeply sulcate, two-leaved. LEAVES ovate lanceolate, with many longitudinal folds, rather wavy, a long. Racemes from the base of the pseudo-bulbs, about two or sometimes three feet long, hanging, lax, simple, of a deep brown or chocolate colour which pervades every part of the flower. Upper sEPAL lanceolate, obtuse, adnate at the base to the back of the column, the margins revolute. LaTERAL sEPALs broader, likewise revolute at the margins, spreading from the base of the column. PgrTALs much smaller, broad, with a twisted apex, and adnate to the sides of the column just below its centre. LaBELLUM continuous with the base of the column, the lower part or hypochilium somewhat spreading, with two erect appendages or horns on each side; those next the column linear and obtuse, the others terminated in a pointed apex; extremity of the labellum or epichilium folded, with the faces adnate so as to form a vertical triangular plate, sharp at its lower edge, furrowed on the upper edge, attached by one angle which is obtuse, the two other angles terminating in a fine point, CoxumN about an inch long, curved, somewhat club-shaped. ANTHERS terminal, yellow. Poputar anp Geocrapuicat Notice. A small but very singular South American genus, one species being found in Peru and the present one in Trinidad, where, like other epiphytes, they hang from the stems of trees. : G. B. . Intropuction; WHERE GROWN; CuLTuRE.. This species was transmitted to this country from the isle of Trinidad, by the late Baron de Schach, and first flowered in the Liverpool Botanic Garden, in the year 1825. It has since been much multiplied, and under the hands of such cultivators as the Messrs. Loddiges, in whose splendidly stocked Orchidaceous plant house our drawing was made, specimens may be seen with twenty or thirty magnificent spikes hanging from the same tuft, all round the pot in which it is grown. Dr. Lindley has observed in his Lady’s Botany, “It is in tropical countries, in damp woods, or on the sides of hills in a serene and equal climate, that these glorious flowers are seen in all their beauty. Seated on the branches of living trees, or resting among the decayed bark of fallen trunks, or running over mossy rocks, or hanging above the head of the admiring: traveller, suspended from the gigantic arm of some monarch of the forest, they develope flowers of the gayest colours, and the most varied forms, and they often fill the woods at night with their mild and delicate fragrance.” Notwithstanding the beauty which they display in their own tropical woods, it is questionable. whether native specimens were ever found equalling those to which we haye alluded. DERIVATION oF THE Names. Goncora, named by Ruiz and Pavon in honour of a Spani Atropurrvrga, dark purple. paniard of that name. Syn GoNGORA ATROPURPUREA. Hooker: ONYMEs. Exotic Flora, t, eas and Species, p. 159. 178, Lindley: Genera y oc f . f POR AES FAA teliculatltid ~ ENKIAN’THUS RETICULA’TUS., pepe NETTED ENKIANTHUS. DICOTYLEDONE &. Natural division to which this Plant a NATURAL ORDERS ERICACER, CALYCIFLORA, Artificial vision DECANDRIA, oF : ' MONOGYNIA, DECANDOLLE. this Plant Peis OF LINNEDS. No. Shes) = Exxsawracs. Lovretno. Cavex pests, 5. fidus. _ Coroua maul Stamina I f salietaherta, lon, ANTHER# bicorn Ova RIUM Ze bjoenleny polyspermum. Sricema simplex. Gisoura stylo cians “Spices Bocuse RETICULATUS. Linprey. Foxus oblongis utrin- que acutis reticulatis breviter r petiolatis, calycis segmentis ovatis ovario multo brevioribus foveis obscuris vix vix diaphanis. CHaracTER OF THE Genus, ENKIANTHUS. Catxyx 5-cleft persistent. Coroia campanulate, 5-cleft, and easily separable into 5 petals (with a nectariferous pit at the base of each) alternate with the segments of the “nme STAMENS hairy, inserted into the base of the corolla. AN- THERS two-horned. Ovary 5-celled many-seeded. Sricma simple. Capsu Le crowned by the persistent whe 4 DESCRIPTION OF THE SPECIES, ENKIANTHUS RETICULATUS. Small Sarvs. Branches naked, erect, nearly simple, leafy to p. Leaves oblong, narrowed at each end, reticulated, slightly eee Umsexs of flowers terminal, placed among the n ous pale linear-lanceolate bracts. FLOWERS soli campanulate, 5-toothed, teeth obtuse, at the base are 5 pits, scarcely transparent, crimson,smooth within. | Se iaine 10, half the length of the corolla, into the base of which they are inserted ; fila- sicnts sabalaie hairy dilated and approximating at the base. Awraens two-horned, opening at the apex by a double pore. Ovary oblong, 5-celled, many seeded. STYLE persistent, filiform, as long as the cor- olla. Stigma simple. Frurr a capsule, crowned with the style. Poputar snp GeocrapuicaL Notice. This and another species of this beautiful genus of shrubs, were long held in great veneration by the Chinese; the former was not introduced into Britain til] 1812. It closely approaches Arbutus in character, but is distinguished by its capsular, not baccate, fruit. REFERENCE TO THE DissEecTiIoNs. 1, Flower cut in half, showing the position of the stamens. 2,3, Stamens magnified to show the two.horned anther. club-shaped pedicels. Caxyx small, acute minutely, ciliated, and ma- > ny times shorter than the ovary. Coroiia oe, eR. ie INTRODUCTION; WHERE GROWN; CuLTuRE. Weare indebted to the kindness of John Willmore, Esq. of Oldford, Staffordshire, for the spe- cimen drawn.. Mr. T. Williams, his zealous and talented gardener, in- forms us that to encourage this plant to flower it should be actively stimulated when it begins to shoot, by being removed from the Green- ouse into the Stove. Mr. R.A. Salisbury, who wrote an interesting — notice of it, was of opinion that it might bear full exposure in the southern parts of the island, if planted against a wall, and protected during frost. He was led to this view by observing the structure of the buds, which are large, scaly, and viscid, like those of the Rhodo- dendra. This isan important guide in acclimatising plants, since those shrubs and trees, the buds of which are either naturally provided with scales, or have the power of forming them when placed in a colder situ- ation than their natural locality, and, above all, if created with a vis- cid resinous juice like those of the horse-chesnut, and many poplars, will bear without injury a very low temperature. the honey below. He therefore suggested that, when kept where the bees have no access, the stigma should be artificially fecundated by sprinkling the pollen over it. . In its natural situation it is chiefly indebted to the agency of insects for the continuation of the species. Man in his pride is apt to think “That many a flower is born to blush unseen,” if it bloom remote from the place of his abode 3 but a more extended knowledge of Nature reveals to us that every flower has its attendant insect or bird, to minister to its necessities, or benefit by its processes. The naturalist, th erefore, instead of indulging an unbecoming vanity, has his mind prepared to see God every where, sustaining and directing ; So that the earth shall yield her secrets up, Derivation oF THE Names. Bak: +h . Pe » a +, 1 W t fang Reticulatus, from the reticulated or netted veins of the leaves, SYNONYMES. MIMULUS CARDINA‘LIS. CARDINAL MONKEY FLOWER. as = A DICOTYLEDONES. Some es NATURAL ORDER, SCROPRULARIACEA. page | DIDYNAMIA, WAS | ANGIOSPERMIA, my A iii sae ot OF LINNEUS. No. 2. GENUS. Mrmvcoes. Lannevs.. Catyx pilangttcte” CoroLta gre aoe limbo bi-tri-lobato, Io baequalib bus. Sricma bilamellatum. Dis- sepimenta lateribus placentifera. - SPRENGEL. "SPECIES. Mimvnvs CARDINA LIs. Dovetas. Cavxe erecto,laxé ramoso, Fours obovatis dentatis, basi cobestis Frorigus axillarib bus, ped- COROLLIFLORE, OF > DECANDOLLE. is brevioribus, calyce costato quinque dentato. Corouta. eGecinea, bila- ata, labii superioris laciniis reflexis. | _ CHARACTER OF THE GENUS, fe fpaapiienl Cor- OLLA somewhat campanulate, two or three bas ,lo y equal. Sricma of two Bistes. ar lamelle. Piepinenaylerstivoe at the margins, es DESCRIPTION OF THE Fericns: Min CARD] two and a half to three feet high, erect, | with long delicate hairs. Leaves of a pale eotewich green, hairy ovate regularly toothed, soft and hairy. Coroua internally of a bright scarlet, but of a pale reddish yellow on the outside ; its border is divi- ded into four rather convex lobes, all of which are oblong and notched at the end, and the lowermost is the widest. Along the base of each segment passes a short ~ reddish a line which loses itself in the tube. ionably, rexcited the greatest interest. amongst floes Mise 4 Its flowers possess much beauty, and their colour is‘by no aan a common one in the garden. They exhibit the same irritability in the stigma, which the other species of Mimulus are known to possess. The two plates of the stigma, at an early period in the stage of flowering, are separate and apart, but so soon as the pollen falls upon the inner surface they collapse, and it has heen | thought never again open. This latter circumstance is, however, depen- dent on contingencies, for if its collapse take place at an early period _ REFERENCE TO THE Dissgcrions.’ 3 4.48. 2, Cor. olla nope to shew the stamens winched thereto. 3, oe anther ovement 4, an anther after the discharge of its pollen. 5, ee a a ei oe een — — | aie hating dint of ton development, it certainly will Teopen, ome such a portion of . a iP gee g influence. Itis ut any peculiar quality of the péliea that excites hes stigma to action, for the like effect is produced by the contact of any other substance. If it be touched with the finger only, it immediately closes, but as such ve any matter resting on the stigma, it would soon» recover from this’ effect. Although there exists a great difference be- tween the interior and exterior surfaces of the plates of the stigma, their capability of excitement seems to be nearly equal. The outer surface is entirely smooth, whilst the inner one is wholly clothed with transparent glandular little spines, in the manner of the palate of some animals, which may bid defiance to the escape of a captured insect in the one, as would be the case with a grain of pollen in the other. INTRODUCTION; WHERE GRowN; CuLTurE. The Mimulus cardina- lis was introduced from California, by the late Mr. Douglas, into the garden of the Horticultural Society at Chiswick. It may be propaga- ted by seeds or roots, and very readily from cuttings. Cultivated, dur- ing summer, in the open ground, it will flower from June to September; and if planted in moist rich soil, it will not suffer from a powerful sun. it has frequently been \ nursed i in the greenhouse, under which treatment i its b eauty, not only by growing to a loose and strag- gling plant, but also by the inferiority of the colour of its flowers. Still ~ we are not confident that it will bear full exposure during winter. We were kindly favoured, amongst other beauties, with a small plant of the Mimulus cardinalis, by Mr. Widnall, nurseryman of Granchester, in April last, the splendour of which, ultimately, far exceeded that of any. plant of the sate —— we e have seen. We repotted it, several times, i sing in size, using a rich compost, princi- pally of leaf woul t had the night protection of an almost exhaust- ed hotbed, ' till the —" of May, after which time it was fully expo- sed, and the pot in whi ot in. whi ch it Lefer was kept continually standing in wa- ter, about an inch i in depth. Here i it developed its character in perfec- fection, and although it may be reproached with reflexing its petals unduly, still they emit a splendour that would at once abl atees the taunts of the most illnatured antiflorist of the dark ag: Derivation or Names, Mimulus, from pry, a monkey, the seeds resem the face of this animal: Cardinalis, to signify its scarlet colour, like a apilinatis cae robe. : SYNONYMES. . TMULUS CARDINALIS. Lindley, in new series of Transactions of Horticultu. ral Society, Vol. TI,p.70. The blished by Linneus; see Sprengel Linnei Systema Vegetabilium, Vol. Il, p- 681, Genus 2168, Ms. ek, Watts. v0 . ARISTOLOCHIA TRIFIDA. eg TRIFID BIRTHWORT. DYCOTYLEDONES, Natural — 2 aw W this es A a Artificial divisions GYNANDRIA, ae to which w : ro gs nascate this Plant belongs ae f: No. 3. GENUS. Anisroxocua. Lm gus. Catyx coloratus, tbulonay bash ven ic D — apice dilatatus, in 5 VARIUM inferum. “Seis ularis, 5 ok = ° mw & Si ET w au = os > 3 te rs "SULA SEX loc ARcKk. CAvLe volubili, lallaga : Be Calyee’ abn, slindaceo, incirvato. Labio ait ato; pa Sa sexpartita, re of the Genus, ArisToLocuia. Catyx coloured, tubular, ni with a sm: ndix, dilated Med —— Cuaracréit of ae veld at the base, and often 0 a strap-like tongue. ANTHERS six, subsessile, placed under the stigma. Srvie ae deficient STiema ix-parted. CapsuLe six-celled. DESCRIPTION OF THE SPECIES, ARISTOLOCHIA TRIFIDA. Root about the thickness of the thumb, and two feet long, dividing into three or four parts, twisted. Sre veral, slender, flexible, and smooth, ei- ther trailing along the gr , or climbing up trees. LowER LEAVES about the size of the hand spread out; upper leaves game alternate, petiolate, furnished with rath icaul, and sometimes even perfoli de ixillary, soli- tary, pedunculate, large, distended, ¢ t an inch wide at the orifice, terminating in an appe a dull red, nearly white within, but F hairs of a red colour. The inner surface’6f the appendn ish red, marked with a number of veins. Flowers and al plant diffuse a strong odour. ~ Poputar aND GEOGRAPHICAL Notice. This genus of plata is one amongst the most singular productions of the vegetable world, one which cannot fail to excite the attention of the most incurious observer. The first inquiry would naturally be, wherefore this elongated thread- REFERENCE TO THE Sparta ION The outline sketch shews the germen of the a trifida, wi a portion of the calyx being cut ae like apex of the lip. It is delightful to the naturalist to catch a glimpse of secondary causes; but here he must meet disappointment. Man is sometimes permitted to discover the apphoeininty of foal appendages to the requirements of the plant; and but slight on to the wis- dom displayed in ctions of vegetables will eid the naturalist” doubting for a moment, the wisdom that gave to the Aristolochia tri- fida a lip of such length, and so fragile. Some doubts having existed respecting the identity of this species of Aristolochia, we examined the specimen contained in the Banksian Herbarium, and found it correspond precisely with that from which our drawing was taken. x grows in the Caraccas, and near Portobello, é 0 . ascertaining. — inacoticets, the Greek botanist, treated of one of its species; Pliny fo ed him, and com- mented on the same, and several others, —" to the south of Eu- rope, which were well known to his coun’ Subsequently, Galen and our own Gerard described several species, and dwelt much on their virtues; and the Pharmacopeeias of the present day have their prepa-_ rations of Aristolochia; in these, however, an American species has superceded those of the ancients. In the several writers mentioned we possess a train of comment on the present genus, from a period antece- dent to the Christian era, down to our own times. INTRODUCTION; WHERE GROWN; CuLTuRE. The Aristolochia tri- fida is of late introduction to this country. The original of our draw- ing grew ae in the hothouse 2 at Weston, Salop, the seat of the rd. It is a free climber, which flourishes when planted in a mixt re ( ‘peat and loam. = * ete OF THE NaMEs. The generie name, Aristoloc ochia, i is precisely that of Dioscorides, (Apiorodoxta) who described one of its species, =a sy of which were used medicina ally. Triripa, from the aes es being three- _ arck, in the Encyclopedie Methodique Botani- que, I. p. 251. sate g Bonpland, et Kunth, Nova Genera et Species Plant- arum, IT, p. 117, ARISTOLOCHIA, GENUs, see Sprengel Systema Vegetabi- tum, TI, p. 753. : ARISTOLOCHIA TRIF fi r dAtosrlle PLO? -, oie ds en ae dans ERIOSTE'MON CUSPIDA'TUS. POINTED LEAVED ERIOSTEMON, EXOGENRE. DICOTYLEDONER. { pare division this Plant ste eags i : NATURAL ORDER, RUTACEA, pee Ser & = { Anifciat ua } DECANDRIA, : MONOGYNIA, pecaxpaLtz~ aM & Pont Stones | x OF LINNEUS. GENUS. Emtosremox. Saar. “Cader a autem Perata 5. Sramina Stylus not 10, filamentis us. Carrenia 5 basi coalita. al Na i in Noculis : 2, ‘wat phalea solitari BRYO $s atus, (A NDOLLE. PECIES. Ento otis oblongo lanceolatis subacutis glancescentibus apice atis. Racemis a 4-5. Frorr- BUS axillaribus terminalibusve. ‘Cuwnivenam. Cuaracrer oF THe Genus, Enrostemon. Caryx 5-parted. Pr- Tats 5. Stamens 10, filaments hispid, fringed or naked, anthers ter- minal. Sryxes very short. Carpe.s 5, united at the base. Segps ell. Emsryo ees Rapice long. ‘THE SPECIES, ErtosTEmo? y cusPIpATUS. STRONG Fibeiiatbay at the edges. When held to the light they appear filled with rent dots, which are prominent glands, forming a roughness on the under surface of the leaves and stem, - even on the petals and anthers, _. towards their apex. FLowr stems axillary or terminal, true umbels of 4-5 pink acces Catyx small, of 5 lobes. _ Lobe 's separate below and adnate above to a connective which eyo ina point at the apex. In the allied genus Diosma this projection becomes glandular. Peras 5 ovate lanceolate. STAMENS 10, in two rows, the outer alternating with the inner row, opposite the petals, shorter. PoLEeN orange colour, filament dilated fringed. Styiel,very short. Ovary, 5-celled, seeds few. This genus has close mY with the genera Diosma, Crowea, and Phlebalium. ie Popunar AND Geocrapuicat Notice. All the species of this ge- nus, hitherto discovered, are natives of Australia, which vast island has The foliage of many of its trees a vegetation almost peculiar to itself. RererEnce To THE DissEcTION 4 Petal with two stamens, showing rence of pe tat stamen which in yrs ccauiaglia the ovary, showing their Sevigyeste situation. 4, Ovary with disk or aioe 5 a single stamen. Ie ee ee ee ee ee x is generally of a bluish grey or green hue, and nearly of the same col- + our on both sides of the leaf, a circumstance which gives a very mon- s character to the landscape scenery of that part of the world. The ~— odour bes _— plants arises from a volatile oil copiously d bark, and even the petals and stamens, wisi the form of eifirate glandular spots, appearing transparent by transmitted light, as in the Myrtle tribe. INTRODUCTION; WHERE GROWN; CuLTuRE. Seeds of this scarce plant were first imported into this country by the Messrs. Loddiges, and young plants were raised I by a<* in es The specimen from which our drawing was tak h collection, at Hack- ney, in March, 1836. This species of Eriostemon succeeds tal in an airy greenhouse, free from the shade of larger shrubs. It may be in- creased from cuttings of the young wood, as these will readily strike root in sand, or sandy peat, under a bell-glass. Fresh sandy loam, mixed with me form a soil in which it may be successfully grown. DeERIvATION oF THE Names. Eriostemon from epvoy wool, and ¢rijywy a stamen, from the woolly = of the filaments, a chara Tr however, which does not occur in all the ies, i m0 e point of a weapon, a term used in alheiton to the acutely-pointed foliage of this species. The word Eriostemon has been considered, respectively, masculine, feminine, and neuter, by different writers SyNnonyMEs. ERtosteEMoN cusripaTus. Cunningham on Field's N. 8. Wales, p. 331. Lod- diges’ Botan Es Cabinet, 1249. Don’s Dictionary of Gardening and Botany, Vol. I, p.7 Decandolle Prodromus Regni Vegetabilis, L. p.720. fe eked py el MO Withers, del. EPACRIS NIVA‘LIS. SNOWY EPACRIS. oR DICOTy;EPONE mR, Natural division to which —— XV this Plant belongs. ; NATURAL ORDER, EPACRIDACEA, 22 Artificial division PENTANDRIA , + to which MON eer 5 this Plant belongs. OF LINNEUs, No. 57. GENUS. Epacris. Smrrx. Caryx coloratus, multibracteatus, cg textura calycis. Coroxza tubulosa, limbo imberbi. SraMyys €Pipetala; theris supra medium peltatis. Squamuta 5 hypogyne. Cars©ta ate columne centrali adnatis. Brown. Prodromus Flore Noye Hollandiz. p. 550. CALYCIFLORA, oF DECANDOLLE, SPECIES. Epacris nivatis. Loppices. Floribus Pendulis racemosis, foliis lanceolatis sessilibus attenuato-acuminatis subtus striatis, pedunculis ca. lyce bis brevioribus, corollis campanulatis basi retrial tub° calycem superante. Linpxey, in Botanical Register, folio 153 CHARACTER OF THE Genus, Epacris. Sats coloured, fur- nished with many bracts, the bracts of the same texture 48 the calyx. Coroxta tubulose, limb without a beard. STaMENs &Pipetalous 5 anthers, peltate above the middle. ScaLes 5, hypogynous: The cap- sules having the placente adnate to the central column, DESCRIPTION OF THE Species, Epacris NivaLis, AX evergreen shrub, from two to three feet high, branched; branches of @ brownish purple colour, with an arachnoid pubescence, most of the branches laden with snow-white pendulous flowers. Leaves alterDate, sessile, ovato-lanceolate, reflexed, spreading, very much acumjnate, smooth, green, striated on the under surface. Fiowers axillary, solitary, ped- icellate, secund, and drooping. Caryx 5-toothed, or of 5 Nearly dis- tinct sepals. _SrPaus and Bracrts, ovate, acute, white, with a little down along the margins. Coroxza as long as the leayes, Campant- late, limb of five spreading, or reflexed segments. SyaMENs 5, at- tached by the filaments to the corolla; anthers, without a®y spur, of other appendix, one-celled, Srvyxz one, a little longer th@0 the tube of the corolla. Poputar anp GeoerapHicat Notice. Few shrys are more en TO THE emcees eee 1, Corolla laid open, showing 2, The pistil. ornamental than this, when its spreading branches display their lines of snow-white and enduring flowers. Like all the other species and genera of the order, it is a native of Australia, of the peculiar vegeta- tion of which, it constitutes one of the most remarkable members. The resemblance of the plants of the tribe Epacridacez, to the Erica- cer or Heath Tribe is so great, that any casual observer would, at the first glance, refer the plants of the former tribe to the latter. Nor is there any essential distinction between them, except that the Ericacez have 2-celled anthers, generally furnished with spur-like, or other ap- pendages (see Plate J of Enkianthus reticulatus), while those belonging to the Epacridacex, have only 1-celled peas and are always devoid of any appendix. There isa i t diff ,in respect to their geographical distribution ; for while scarcely any of the Ericacex in- trude within the limits of the Australian territory, none of the Epicri- dace venture beyond it, finding in its climate and atmosphere the conditions best fitted for their organization and functions. The cha- racter of the pollen is worthy of observation. In Epacris and all the genera of the same section, having a capsular pericarp (seed-vessel) and the cells of the ovary many-seeded (such as the genus Sprengalia, of which the species Sprengalia incarnata is remarkable for the great duration of its flowers, which even till their seeds are ripened have nearly the same appearance as at their expansion) the pollen consists of three little spheres, whereas in the genera of the section, where the seed-vessel is generally closed, and the cells of the ovary one-seeded, the pollen is simple. : InrropucTion; WHERE GRowN; CuLTure. Seeds of this plant were received from New Holland, in 1829, by Henry Moreton Dyer, Esq., at that time, Vice President of the Horticultural Society. It requires the protection of the greenhouse in winter, but may be placed out of doors in summer. Sweet says, the species “ thrive best in a sandy peat soil, the rougher and more turfy the soil is, the better the plants will thrive: these should always be shifted in full pots, before they are turned out of doors in spring.” It requires a free supply of water; and may be increased by cuttings. DERIVATION OF THE NAMES. Epacris, from ert epi, upon, and acgic acris,a summit of a mountain, in re ference to the place of growth of some of the species. Nivalis, snowy, in allusion to the whiteness of the flowers SvKonian Epacris nivatis. Loddiges; Botanical akicak'? 1821. Lindley; Bota- nical Register, £. 1539. : Se hn PECAPIE Vu gece Trevae. aie : SOLA'NUM LANA’TUM. oe SOLANUM. EXOGENE, step csp oca Natural division i to whi h f this Plant a: N seh ORDER, SOLANACES., COROLLIFLOR#, & Artificial divisions PENTANDRIA, OF z to which MONOGYNIA, - DECANDOLLE, y] this Plant nt | OF LINNEUS, No. 58. GENUS. —— Linnevs. Caryx 4- 15 dentatus lobatusve, persistens, IN , "ee brevibus, interdum inequalibus; antheris oblongis, bilocularibus, sepius equalibus, approximato-coadnatis, apice poris duobus dehiscentibus. Gecncn subrotundum ; stylus filiformis; stigma obtusum subsimplex aut 2-3-4 fidum. Bacca subrotunta.” 2-3-4 iéenlaris. Poucuer, Histoire des So- ‘laneen, p. 146. eet ee LANATUM. Donat. Cavie aculeato arboreo, foliis bdichotomis. Duna4t. His- v toire des “srry: p. 205. , CHARACTER OF THE GENUS, Sorin, Catryx of 4 to 15 teeth or lobes , persistent, often accrescent. Corox1a rotate ; tube short, limb - Targe, plaited, 5-angled, sometimes 4-6 lobed, spreading. Stamens 5, occasionally 46, filaments awl-shaped, short, sometimes unequal ; anthers oblong, 2-celled, generally equal, approximating coadnate, dehiscing by two pores at the apex. Ovary roundish ; style slender, stigma obtuse, either simple, or 2-3-4-cleft. Berry roundish, 2-3-4-_ celled. SrEps numerous, ovate, often cuappeet surrounded by a thin diaphanous pulp. DESCRIPTION OF THE Species, SOLANUM LANATUM. A sheab, erect, from five to six feet high, above much branched, scarcely hav- ing prickles, but rough and woolly. Lower Brancnes smooth, with the exception of some prickles, woolly and of a rusty colour. Leaves alternate, petiolate, shining, those of the young lower branches oblon- go-lanceolate, angular, woolly on both sides; the upper leaves some- times geminate, oblong, unequal at the base, woolly on the under side, roughish or hispid on the upper side. Catyx 5-cleft, woolly, seg- REFERENCE TO THE D1ssEcTIONS. ‘ 1, The perfect berry, with the persistent calyx. 2, A longitudinal section of the berry, showing the seeds. ments ovate, acute, of different lengths. Corotta pale purple or whitish, limb spreading, lobed, lobes irregularly notched, scarcely pointed. Sramens 5, filaments short, anthers long, cylindrical, yel- low, 2-celled, dehiscing by a small orifice at the apex of each cell. Sry e longer than the anthers, slender, stigma capitate. Berry suc- culent, yellow, about the size of a nut. Popurar anpD Geoeraricat Notice. This species of Solanum is a native of Peru, growing in precipitous places, near the fortress of Huassanace. Of this vast genus, comprising above 300 species, some are natives of the temperate parts of the earth, but the greater number exist between the tropics of both hemispheres. In the colder parts of the world they are herhaceous, but in the warmer, shrubby plants ; about one half the species are prickly. An apparent anomaly pervades the genus, inasmuch as while some species are wholesome, such as the common potatoe, (Solanum tuberosum), others are re- markably poisonous, such as the garden night-shade, (Solanum nig- rum), and others.. The poisonous property which some possess, seems to depend upon an alkaloid, termed Solania, which exists in the state of a malate or solanate, but which is not present in all parts of the plants, nor in every species in the same degree of concentration or of intensity, The fruit is frequently the part in which it resides, and in those species where it abounds in this locality, a pulpy matter is stated to surround the seeds, whilst the wholesome kinds are des- titute of this pulp. If it exist in the common potatoe, it is by no means in a very concentrated state; and being diffused through the large quantity of starchy matter of the tuber, is quite harmless, at least after the application of heat in cooking, amode by which many other acrid, but volatile, poisons are dissipated. The stalks of the potatoe, seem to possess it in a higher degree of concentration, for a tincture prepared from these, displays more narcotic power than tincture of hyoseya- mus in an equal dose. DeERIvaTIon or THE Names. Soranum, from Solaire, to assuage, in reference to the sedative and soothing properties of certain of the species, employed in medicine: tanatum, from lana, woolly, alluding to the woolly aspect of thé plant. SYNONYMEs. Sotanum ASPERO-LANATUM, Flora Peruviana, II, p. 39, t. 174, Fig. b. Soranum aspervm, Persoon Enchiridion, I, p. 229, not Vahl. SoLancuM LaNnatum, Dunal, Histoire des Solanum, p. 205, Sprengel Species lantarum, I, p. 692, ey, ‘3 : * e Matheciices LEA CODE - ~~ ANTHOCERCIS VISCO'SA, GLUTINOUS ANTHOCERCIS. EXOGENE, OR ‘ DICOTTLEDONER. Natural division to which this <2 =a earn ORDER, SOLANACEA, COROLLIFLORE, Ss cn ee a OF 7 DECANDOLLE. Ny this | rae DIDYNAMIA, ANGIOSPERMIA, F LINNEUS. GENUS. AwyTHocERcts. © sn Caryx 5-fidus, Cororra cam- panulata, tubo basi coarctata staminifera; limbo 0 Bpartio, equali. Stamina sertis. Semrna reticulata. Brown. _Prodromus Flore Nove Hollandia, p. 448. SPECIES. Awntnocercts viscosa. Ropert Brown. Forts obovatis glan- duloso-punctatis margine scabriusculis: novellis ramulisque tenuissime pube- scentibus, capsula ovata calycem subequante. Brown. Prodromus Flore Nov ve Hollandiz, p. 448, CHARACTER OF THE Genus: Ass THOCERCIS. ee 5-clet. Co- LA ge epanalate, con ted a | amous, scent ‘a fith. Stiem itato- arginate. Carats , 2valved, margins 0 | Awards, ¥ erted on naréliel placenta. SrEDs DESCRIPTION OF THE SPECIES, ocercis viscosa. A fru- tescent plant, erect, about 3 feet high. ; Leaves articulated with the stem or branch, alternate, obovate, with gli aidular r dots, gough or pense * serrated at the margin, att 1 paeted att t somewhat fleshy, dark green sna smooth al ; en and cari- nate vce PEpunc Tr. oP eae solitary, with two or three linear-lan 7 , one-flowered ; peduncles elon- gating when in the of { fication. Caryx deeply 5-cleft, segments finear-lanceolete persistent, somewhat spreading from the pressure of the tube of the corolla, becoming erect afier that organ has fallen off. Coroxta not plaited in estivation, large, white, cam- panulate; limb 5-cleft, segment | spreading, oblong, obtuse, tube marked externally, but more distinctly internally, with green radiating 3 REFERENCE TO THE DissEcrTions. 1, Stamen seen in front. 2, Corolla removed that the didynamous stamens may be seen. 3, Sta- 15 men seen lines. Stamens 4, didynamous, attached to the base of the tube. FiLraMENTs short. ANTHER nearly round, 2-lobed,extrose. Stigma capitate, 2-lobed. CapsuLe 2-celled. Porutar anp GeocrapnicaL Notice. On the southern coast of New Holland this plant was found by Mr, Robert Brown, while attached to Captain Flinder’s Expedition sent to explore that region; where Labillardiere had previously discovered the Anthocercis littorea. Mr. Cunningham has since described the Anthocercis albicans, and a fourth species has heen sent from Swan River, by Mr. Fraser to Sir W. J. Hooker, who has called it Anthocercis ilicifolia. Thus all the species which we at present know belong to Australia, and it is probable that if any additional ones should be detected, they will be | found in the same portion of the globe. Examples of certain types or forms of organization, whether of small extent, as a genus, or of larger, such as a tribe, being confined to peculiar regions, are of fre- quent occurrence, some of which we have already noticed, such as the Epacridacez, a limitation which contrasts strongly with the free and extensive range enjoyed by others; for example, that of the Samolus Valerandi, which may be found in every quarter of the globe. “If we study the physiology of plants” observes Dr. Royle, “as well as the circumstances controlling their growth, and the nature of their secre- tions, we find that vegetation is much affected by the different physi- cal states of the soil a nd atmosphere, as well as by the supply of heat and light; hence we may conclude, that there are different sets of plants fitted by nature for the particular circumstances in which they are placed.” INTRODUCTION; WHERE GROWN; CutTure. Introduced to this country by seeds sent by Mr. Allan Cunningham, in 1822, to the Royal Gardens at Kew, gathered at King George’s Sound. It is one amongst the handsomest greenhouse shrubs, and continues long to produce a succession of flowers in the early part of summer. Unlike many New Holland plants, it does not bear much water. It may be propagated by cuttings, and should be potted in peat, loam, and sand. Our drawing was made in June, in the Birmingham Botanie Garden. Derivation or THE Names. Antuocercis, from Av@og ear a it and Kepxic KERKIS,a ray, alluding to the radiated manner in et h the segments of the limb of the corolla are arranged. ble viscid or ane from the clammy secretion of the glandular do ca con ANTHOCERCIS viscosA. Brown: Prodromus, p. 448. Hooker: Botanical Magazine, folio 2961. Lindley : - Botialial Regisine, folio 1624, FF. ee : tier cute + Fusenitemmes Ch Burne. del. VERBE’ NA TWEEDIEA'NA. © yu snaniane “MR. TWEEDIE'S VERVAIN. rt ike a DIDYNAMIA, ANGIOSPRRMiA, F LINNEUS. COROLLIFLORA, OF . ae DECANDOLLE. this Plant belongs, we No. 60. GENUS. Versena. Lriwevs. CaLyx quingue fidus, ‘dente unico sub- breviore. Coroti limbus irregulariter 5-lobus. Sraminainclusa., _Urricv- tus 4-spermus, cito rumpens, ut maturi fructus caryopses sistant. SPRENGEL. es Plantarum, I, p. 678. TES. ad BENA TWEEDIEANA. Hooker, Puhescenti- rapt rns vals osa ramosa, foliis ovato- siloustanss acuminatis membra seaeiiee se malic basi euncatis in integpromi in petiolum voheidaes dian ie spica corymbosa, calyci ors. at tis take corolle 3-brevioribus, limbo 5-lobo ti ati ginati alibus. Hooxer,in Botan- ical Magazine, Folio 3541. CHARACTER OF THE GENUS, VERBENA. Catryx 5-cleft, one of the teeth somewhat shorter than the rest. Limp of THE COROLLA ir- regularly 5-lobed. Stamens ineluded in the tube. UrriciE 4-seed- ed, rupturing at an early period of its growth, so that the mature fruits appear as caryopses. DESCRIPTION OF THE Spectes, VERBENA TWEEDIEANA. VAR. AR- RANIANA. A perennial suffruticose plant, pubescently hairy through- out, except the corolla, Roor fibrous. Stem slender, 4-feet high, Tranched. Lower Leaves petiolate, entire at the base, from ovate- lanceolate to elliptic-lanceolate, slightly lobed, largely and irregularly toothed, scarcely acuminate ; upper leaves sessile, narrower, tocthed or notched, pointed. INFLORESCENCE, a terminal corymbose raceme, of elegant purplish flowers. Pepicexs very short,bracteate. CaLyx cylin- drical, 5-toothed, 5-rib‘ed, in the lower flowers of the raceme one-third shorter, in the upper nearly one half shorter than the tube of the corol- la. Tube or THE Coroxta externally whitish, slender, limb spread- ing, large, oblijue, 5-lobed. Loses obtuse, emarginate. THroaT yellow, pulverulent, hairy. Ovary 4-celled. Sryte 1, stigma bifid. Porunar aNd Geoorapuicat Notice. This variety, which Mr. Niven has termed Arraniana, differs from the original specimens of Verbena Tweedieana chiefly in its lower leaves, which are broader, less attenuate at the base, and less acutely pointed, and also in the colour of the flowers being more purplish. Itis clearly a transition link between Verbena Tweedieana and Verbena incisa, figured by Sir W. J. Hook- er in Botanical Magazine, folio 3625; and hence it may be doubted whether all the three plants ought not more properly to be grouped as one Se as Some: a has done with many forms of Fuschia. Our p f the beauty of the allied species,and to the indrodicens of these pclannlis plants their countrymen, not only of the present but of all succeeding generations, owe a debt of gratitude, which it is alike impossible to calculate or discharge. We hold that those enterprising individuals who, having left their native land, seek to beau- tify it, and to give our gardens something of paradisaical loveliness, by collecting, and transmitting the seeds of those flowers, which they _ meet with in their wanderings, confer a benefit which cannot be too highly estimated, and should ever be gratefully acknowledged. The common Verbena officinalis, a native of Britain, now neglected, once held potent sway over the minds of our ancestors. ‘The Druids, both in Gaul and Britain, regarded the Vervain with the same ven- eration which they bestowed on the Misletoe, and like the Magi of the East, they offered sacrifices to the earth, before they cut this plant in the spring, which was a ceremony of great pomp.” Philips’s Flora Historica. INTRODUCTION; WHERE GROWN; CuLTurRE. Seeds were sent by Mr. Tweedie, in 1834, to Mr. Niven, of the Glasnevin Botanic Garden, Dublin, by whom a single plant was raised. To the courtesy of Mr. Niven we owe the drawing, and following instructive notice. “This plant may be propagated by seeds or cuttings; and grows best in sandy loam, in an airy and well exposed situation. It will be found another most interesting addition for bedding-out in the flower garden. It is a remarkably free-grower, and should be preserved in the greenhouse or frame, during winter, in smal] thumb pots, to be ready for turning out in spring. It flowers the whole summer.” tages Lake OF THE set f +h VE Celtic, FarFraEn. Venciaiai, te; saltiness to Mr. waste: the botanical collector. SyNonyMeE. Verbena Tweepieana. Hooker, in Botanical Magazine, folio 3541, pO eee . “a: « Peowe tau _ PIMELE'A LANATA. WOOLLY PIMELEA. oR DICOTYLEDONE2. fen Sear } this Plant belo —wWw NATURAL ORDER, THYMELACE. MONOCHLAMYD, : Artificial division DIANDRIA, OF to which abi ont asin DECANDOLLE. this Plant belongs. OF LINN No. 61. -GENUS. Prwerea. Bayxs. Perianthium infundibuliforme, limbo 4-fido, fauce esquamata. Stamina duo, fauci inserta, laciniis exterioribus vA So Sryuuvs lateralis. Sriema meters Nvux rticata, raro baccata, R. Brown Prodromus Flore Nove Hollandiz, 3... SPECIES. Pime ea ranata. is orbiculatis, ovato-rotundatisve, obtu- sis, subsecundo-adversis, planis, subtus lanato -tomentosis supra glaberrimis, J. S. HENSLOW. CHARACTER OF THE Gaxvd, PIMELEA. PERIANTH (a calyx) fun- nel-shaped, its limb 4-cleft, and throat without scales. STAMENS two, inserted in the throat, and opposite to the two outer lacinie. STYLE lateral. Sticma capitate. Nur generally covered with a bark, rarely succulent. Description OF THE Species, PrmELEA LANATA. BRANCHES clothed with dense white tomentum. Leaves orbicular, the upper- most more or Jess ovate and obtuse, scarcely petiolate, plain or slightly concave. Their upper surface dark green, and very smooth and glossy; their under, covered with dense white somewhat woolly tomentum. They are placed opposite and decussate, but are twisted half way round on the petioles, so as to range vertically with the upper surfaces facing outwards, or towards the light, which arrangement somewhat conceals the tomentum beneath, and gives the plant a pleasing appear- ance. INFLORESCENCE in terminal capitula, of about 20 flowers, subtended by about 4 leaves, nearly disposed as an involucrum. Fiowers white, with a pink tinge towards the lower part of the tube. Caxyx monosepalous, the margins of the 4 lacinie somewhat inflexed. The tube is jointed, and falls off immediately above the germen, to which the lower portion adheres as a covering. The whole is tomentose antral TO THE argeatadcsatra 1, tk c ly i dt all t 2, the littl 1 ith th it stigma. 3, the edna onelic. 4, po indony previous to appearance of the embryo. on the outside. Stamens 2, with the free part of the filaments rising from the throat, and about the length of the calyx-limb. ANTHERS orange, oar 2-celled, erect, but united half way along the back to the filam Ovary ovate, one-ovuled. Styze exserted, unilateral. Stiema ioe but small; both stamens and style are deflected at the throat, so as to lie flat upon the segments of the calyx. Poputar anp Geocrapuican Notice. This plant appears to be very closely allied to Pimelea nivea of Labillardiere Nove Hollandix Plantarum Specimen, Vol. 1, Pl. 6, but differs in the margin of its leaves not being revolute, and in having the branches covered with very long and dense tomentum. It is highly probable that a more perfect acquaintance with these plants in their native localities, would enable us to detect several intermediate forms to those already enu- merated, and prove many of them to be mere varieties and not true species; but in the present state of our knowledge we must be con- tent to add one more to the list, without venturing to reduce it to an already described form. The Genus Pimelea is composed of elegant shrubs, inhabitants of rocky places in Australia and New Zealand. Many plants in the family to which this belongs (Thymelacex) have their inner bark remarkably silky in its texture, and among them is the Lagetta lintearia of Jamaica, from which the celebrated Lace-bark is procured ; so called from the delicacy of its structure, and which is capable of being subdivided into numerous thin layers, each imitative of fine lace. INTRODUCTION; WHERE GROWN; CuLtrure. The seed was sent in 1834, from Van Dieman’s Land, to Alderman Copeland, and the plant from which our drawing was taken, flowered freely in 1836, and is now (May 1837) five feet and a half in height, covered with flowers from top to bottom. It is in the possession of Miss Copeland, of Ley- ton, and we are indebted to the pencil of Miss Hall for the drawing, who also obligingly furnished us with the fresh specimen from which our description has been made. The luxuriance with which this at- tractive plant grows, and the abundance of its flowers recommend it to the notice of the cultivator. Cuttings will strike root in fine sand un- der a bell-glass. The young plants should be potted in sandy peat. Derivation OF THE NAMEs, PME EA from wipedy PIMELE, fat, on what accountis not obvious, unless the fresh fruit of some of the species contains fatty matter. Lanara, woolly, in al- lusion to the kind of pubescence beneath the leaves and on the branches. Malis, det. SPARAX'IS PEN’DULA. PENDULOUS-FLOWERED SPARAXIS. ENDOGENZ, OR MONOCOTYLEDONE2: Natural division to which aaah this plant belongs. NATURAL ORDER, [RIDACE, EPIGYNOSE, Yo 1 {i divisions i SZ oR | TRIANDRIA, OF Y to which MONOGYNIA, LINDLEY. this Plant belongs. OF LINNEUS. No. 62, GENUS. Sparaxts. Ker. Periconrom corollinum superum, infundibu- liforme, tubo brevi gracili, limbi ampli sexpartiti laciniis subequalibus, stellato- patentibus. Stamina 3, tubo perigonii inserta, adscendentia, inclusa; filamen- sup wz. Ovarrum inferum, obtuse trigonum, triloculare. OvuLa plurima, in loculorum angulo centrali biseriata. Stryxvs filiformis: stigmata 3, linearia, complicato-carinata, recurva. CApsvULa membranacea, obsolete trigona, subtorulosa, trilocularis, loculicido-trivalvis. Semrya plurima subglobosa. Enpuicaer. Genera Plantarum, p. 168. SPECIES. Sparaxts penpura. Ker. Foliis linearibus strictis scapo polystachyo duplo brevioribus, spicis pendulis multifloris. pg CHARACTER OF THE GENUS, SPARAXIS. PERIGONE (PERIANTH) corolla-like, superior, funnel-shaped, tube short, slender, limb large, six-parted, segments nearly equal, stellately spreading. STAMENS 3, inserted on the tube of the perigone, ascending, included; filaments awl-shaped, anthers linear, attached by the back, somewhat above the. base. Ovary inferior, obtusely 3-angled, 3-celled. Ovuxes several, arranged in two rows, along the central angle of the cells. STYLE fili- form; stigmas 3, linear, complicately-keel-shaped, recurved. Cap- SULE membranaceous, indistinctly 3-cornered, somewhat turgidly knotty, 3-celled, by loculicidal dehiscence 3-valyed. SEEDS nume-— rous, subglobose. ; o DESCRIPTION OF THE SpEcTES, SPARAXIS PENDULA. A peren- nial herbaceous plant, with a tuberous tunicated rhizoma, from which spring numerous tufts of leaves, from the centre of each of which tufts arise the scapes or flower-stalks. Leaves ensate, linear- acute, straight, nerved, 3-feet long, shorter than the scapes. Scapes slender, erect, panicled, pendulous at the top, pedicels having two capillary leaves at the base of each; spikes pendulous, secund ; flowers large, of a lilac colour, beautifully veined, each flower placed between two membranous bracts, or spathas which are convulute, appearing as REFERENCE TO THE DissEcTIONS. 1, Pistil. 2, Perianth laid open, shewing stamens. 3, Spathas with their lacerated point. 4, Seed- vessel cut transversely. if lacerated, sessile. PERIANTH six-parted, sepals and petals uniform, oblong, obtuse. ANnTHERs linear, dark purple. Capsute 3-celled, 3-valved, loculicidal, each cell containing two roundish brown seeds. Porunar anp Geocrapuicat Notice. Thunberg found this — plant in wet situations near Krumrivier, at the Cape of Good Hope. The moist locality in which it grows enables it to preserve some signs of life and beauty where all around is scorched by the power of an al- most tropical sun, which occasions nearly the same effects, that cold does in high latitudes. The progress of vegetation in sandy dis- tricts is almost completely checked till the return of the rainy season, when it revives, and the desert “blossoms as the rose.” Till this more favourable period arrives, bulbs and tubers lie protected under the earth, by theig aemerous sealy coats. Many bulbs might be found in regions which seem barren, and without a trace of vegetable life, were they trayersed in the rainy season, or properly examined, by digging some inches under the surface, in the dry mould. Meyen in his voyage round the World, records the following. “5th February, (place) Cor-: dilleras. The continued heat had so completely burnt up the whole plain which lay exposed to the sun’s rays, that a few scattered halms of wild oats and some flowering shrubs were all that remained. On accidentally turning up the clayey soil, it was found completely filled with small bulbs, the flowers and leaves of which had long since dis+ appeared. How beautiful must be the aspect of this plain} and all the declivities of these mountains in the spring of the year, when they are clothed with the splendid mantle of the liliacee. Here and there where there was some moisture to lessen the withering effect of the heat, were seen traces of this first beauty of the spring.” INTRODUCTION; WHERE GRrOwN; CuLTurE. Introduced by Mr. Tate of Sloane Street, in 1825. Flowered in May, in the greenhouse of the Messrs. Pope, of Handsworth. A light sandy soil with plenty of water suits this plant.. In warm summers the pot may be sunk at the side of any ornamental piece of water, which this graceful flower would contribute to beautify. A bright warm sun will expand its perianth, but so expanded our artist had no ster of drawing it. VATION OF THE NAME Deriv Sparaxis, from Sxrapaccw sParasso to tear, allnding to the torn-like spathas. Penpvta from the drooping sfc of the head of flowers Syn. Ixta penputa. Thunberg: Diaaestsiog’ No. 16. Prodromus 9, Flore Capen- sis, 1,286. Linneus: Supplement, 91. aes Species Plant. I, 204. Wartsonta PALUSTRIS. P. Synopsis. Spanaxis penputa. Ker in text of joe ders Magazine, 1482, Sprengel: Sp. Pl. I, 149. Lindley : Botanical Regi MO” Withers del. Cgeres. 2 Mcce fe Shag a é ~ FUCH’SIA FUL’GENS. : festagagt FUCHSIA. ne BSCCERR, ’ DICOTYLEDONES. Natural division to which _ this Plant belongs. ; "NATURAL ORDER, FUCHSIACEA. sete mm re 2 ape net renee" OCTANDRIA, { : MONOGYNIA, oroanpouune this Plant as aK OF LINNEUS. No. 63, ENUS. Fv GALA a i Canvers tubus batio ovario > adhere, sn- perné ager oak in tu eylindra latim de- ciduum. Prrara 4 summo tubo athe bis ain, rarius ni pull STAMINA ' 8. Ovartum glandulA urceolata coronatum. Srvyuuvs filif Sricma capi- tatum. Bacca oblonga aut ovato-globosa, 4- sabclath aris, Avalv vis, Sie . 36, SPECIES. Fucusra rutcens. (Mocrno and Sessz. Flora Me exicaht, ine- dita.) Rams glabris, foliis oppositis petiolatis cordato- ovatis acutis denticula- tis glabris, pediculis axillaribus flore brevioribus, superioribus racemosis, caly- cis lobis ovato-lanceolatis acutis petala acutiuscula Bimaches Thid, p. 39. CHARACTER OF THE GENUS, Fucnsia. Tube of the calyx adher- ing to the ovary at the base, but above prolonged into a cylindrical 4-cleft tube, the lobes of which drop off, soon after the anthesis, by a distinct articulation. PeTa.s 4, seldom none, inserted on the tube of the calyx, with the lobes of which they alternate. Stamens 8. Ovary crowned with an urceolate (pitcher-shaped) gland. Sryte filiform. Stiema capitate. Berry oblong or ovato-globose, 4-celled, 4-valved, many-seeded. al DeEscrIPTION OF THE Species, Fucusia ruLGens. A Sarvs, in its native country from 4 to 6 feet high, smooth, glaucous, tender, almost of the texture of a sub-succulent herbaceous plant, surface suf- fused with a vinous hue. Leaves opposite, thin, ovately cordate, acute, irregularly toothed or denticulate, ciliated, petiolate, petioles slightly pubescent, roundish, channelled, the lamina twice the length of the petioles. FLowers axillary, solitary, springing from the axils of the leaves on both sides of the stem, but so inclined as to form a secund pendulous raceme. Prpunctes' slender, about half an inch long. Ovary oblong, pubescent, 4-celled, many-seeded, ovules in double rows. Catyx about 2} inches long, funnel-shaped, ventricose at the base, slightly pubescent, of a fine vermillion colour; segments trian- gular, acute, greenish at the tips. Prrats ovate, obtuse, a little short- er than the sepals, blood-coloured. Stamens 8, inserted on the 16 throat of the calyx, shorter than the sepals, opposite the petals, than which they are a little shorter; anthers often extrorsely resupinate. Popvunar anD Geocrapnicat Notice. This very striking species of Fuchsia, of which the first notice was given by Mocino and Sesse, is a native of Mexico. South America however is the great store-house of Fuchsias, and the species, particularly those of Peru, surpass even the present plant in splendour and the size of the flowers, of which it is sufficient to mention Fuchsia apetala (Ruiz) the tube of the flower being often five inches in length. As a few of the species extend into North America, inhabiting Mexico, so a very few stray into New Zea- land, where in addition to Fuchsia excorticata the late Mr. Richard Cunningham discovered Fuchsia procumbens (Cunningham Mss.) likewise an apetalous plant. The occurrence of these species of an ~ almost exclusively American genus confirm the sagacious remark of Robert Brown, that some resemblance exists between the Flora of New Zealand and that of America. (See General Remarks on the Botany of Flinders’ Voyage, Appendix 2, p. 589). IntTrRopucTionN; WHERE Grown; CuLtture. The lovers of orna- mental plants are indebted to the Messrs. Lee, of the Hammersmith Nursery, for the introduction of this glowing novelty amongst them. It was procured by these gentlemen through Mr. Louis Deschamps, who brought it from Mexico last year, (1837), and to their liberality we owe the permission to have the drawing made by our accomplished artist, Mrs. Withers. Nothing is more splendid than a bed or border of Fuchsias, and they require but little eare, for as it is observed by Mr. — Loudon, in his invaluable Arboretum and Fruticetum, All the si species and varieties hitherto introduced or originated, when planted in a dry soil, ard a sheltered situation, in the neighbourhood of London, _ though they may be killed down to the ground by the frost, may have their stools preserved alive through the winter, by covering them with litter, haulm, or leaves, in such a way as to throw off the wet; and this covering being removed in spring, the plants will shoot up vig- orously, and flower freely during the whole summer.” This splendid species seems to require only the usual treatment. Derivation oF THE NaMEs. Focusta, called after Leonhard Fuchs (Fox), one of the earliest botanical writers after the revival of letters. FuxcEns, from the brilliancy of the flowers. SynonyMEs, Fucusta Furcens. Mocino and Sesse, in Decandolle: Prodromus, Pars III, p. 39. George Don: Dictionary of Gardening and Botany, Vol. it, p. 479, Botanical Register, 1. ost h ‘ Aiikie, ohed. Abe rdcccorite Daa aperted. ~ —— BARBACE’'NIA PURPUREA. — PURPLE.FLOWERED BARBACENIA. ENIA. secs Periconium corollinum infundibu- ripartibilis ; igma capitato-trigonum. , loculici vis, valvis medio septi- % % URPUREA. Padé KER, Fo.tts lineari-acuminatis carinatis spinuloso-serratis, see longiore, ovario elongato lineatim tu- to, antheris ba ora alii Hoo KER, ip Botanical Magazine, 2 € ENUS, Wissel. PrRIGONE (perianth * ike, fannel-shaped, externally coated with re- he base with the ovary, limb 6-cleft, seg- er , spreading. Sramens 6, inserted on the t of the limb, erect, included; filaments flat, the apex, central tooth smallest, antheriferous, ‘numerous, on placente standing out ‘Srvzz triangular, divisible into api , eeornered. CapsvLe inferior, some- ; , becoming by loculicidal dehiscence 3-val- ves having a septum in the middle, bearing the placente. jumerous, angular. SEEDS fe Tee oF THE Species, BARBACENIA PURPUREA. STEM short, = Petotomoiag y diyided, having at the base brown scales, higher up numerous long, linear, acuminate, flexuous or twisted, vaginating leaves, rigid, scarcely reflexed at the upper half, margins spinulose, teeth remote, minute, pointing upwards. ScaPE or FLOWER STEM con- siderably longer than the leaves, obscurely 3-cornered, scabrous, hairs pointing upwards, one-flowered. FLower erect, spreading, of a rich purple colour. Perricone (periantl) of six segments, united into a tube at the base, the 3 outer segments narrow, lanceolate, acuminate, reflexed, with dark parallel veins on the upper surface; 3 inner seg- ments broader, undulating, more erect, obtuse, or emarginate, similar- ly veined. Turoar displaying 6 broad, linear, petaloid, purplish 2- cleft filaments, opposite the petals, to the base of which, by the back, is attached the linear erect anther, 2-celled, shorter than the filament; pollen white. Ovary inferior, oblong, somewhat ventricose, greenish, but marked with 6 purplish tubercular lines, having minute dots rising up between them. Ovary 3-celled, with large cordately perforated dis- sepiments, between which, in each cell, are two vertical plates, forming the placente the margins of which are lined with numerous oblong ovules. Sty.eas long as the anthers, acute, 3-angular, purple, stigmata _ below the apex, having the appearance of 3 white oblong glands. PopuLar AnD GeocrapuicaL Notice. This genus consists of herbaceous perennials, natives of Brazil, of which 13 or 14 species are known, occurring between the 14° and 23° S. Lat. Though one or two were known to Vandelli, we are chiefly indebted for a more extensive acquaintance with them, to Von Martius, from whose travels, the fol- lowing extract is taken. “We were particularly surprized, as we were ascending the steep Morro de Gravier, a continuation of Serra do Oiro Branco, at seeing some arborestent lilies, the ‘thick naked stems of which, divided in the manner of a fork in a few branches ending i ina tuft of long leaves, and being frequently scorched o on the surface by burning of the meadows, are some of the most singular forms in the vegetable kingdom. The two species which have these forms, Barba- cenia and Vellozia, are called in the country Canella ‘d’ Ema, and on account of the resin they contain, are much used for fuel, wood being scarce. They appear to thrive only on quartzy mica-slate, and are considered by the inhabitants as a characteristic mark of a ‘country abounding in gold and diamonds. They are most frequently met with here at an elevation of from 2000 to 4000 feet, always accompanied by a variety of the prettiest shrubby Rhexias, Eriocaulon and “Xyris.” It is further observed, “All this part of the mountain (Serra Branca,) is less rich in gold than the northern tracts. But on the other hand, Flora has more lavishly endowed it with a diversity of flowers. The Rhexias, in particular, are a great ornament. There is an endless va- riety of species, all low shrubs; the numerous, thin, profusely-leaved stalks, are covered with beautiful red and violet-coloured blossomis. Stately stems of blue Vellozias and gay Barbacenias, the representa- tives of liliaceous plants, principally adorn the stony eminencés. Of the family of the Gentians, there are many species of Lisianthus, which call to mind the equality of the diffusion of certain families, through many remote countries.” Sprx and Martivs’s Travels in Brazil, II, 138 and 159. The limited geographical range of the genera Vellozia and Barba- cenia is not the only peculiarity connected with them, as the stem pre- sents a remarkable organization. ‘‘This part consists of a central slender subcylindrical column, which never increases in diameter after its first formation, and which has the ordinary monocotyledonous (en- dogenous) structure. Outside of the column are arranged great quan- tities of slender fibrous roots, which cohere firmly by their own cellular surface, and form a spurious kind of wood, which is extremely like that of some kinds of Palm wood, only it is developed by constant additions to the very outside of the original stem. Something analagous occurs in Pandanus.” Lindley: Natural System, 2 ed. p. 334 A difference of opinion exists among systematic Botanists as to the tribe to which Barbacenia and Vellozia properly belong. Martius, Bartling, and Endlicher, (and Lindley in the first edition of his Natu- ral System) refer them to Hemodoracee, while Kunth places them under Bromeliacee. Don considers them as forming a group inter- mediate between Iridacee and Hypoxidacee, and designates it Vello- ziee. Lindley has subsequently adopted Kunth’s opinion, and removed them to Bromeliacee. The somewhat spiral position of the leaves of Barbacenia, resembling those of the Ananas or pine-apple, gives some countenance to this m , but on the whole we Jean to the view taken by Martius, who has a greater knowledge of them than any mere Eu- - ropean botanist. INTRODUCTION; WHERE GROWN; CuLTurRE. To the care and ob- servation of the Honourable and Reverend William Herbert, of Spof- forth, the lovers of new objects of cultivation are indebted for this plant. He picked the seeds out of a parcel of Brazilian moss, and was rewarded by this novel flower, in 1825. It is an attractive ever- green stove perennial, which still continues scay@e in our gardens, and therefore the more desirable. It requires to be potted in rough sandy peat; and judging from the observations of Von Martius, which we have quoted, it may readily be supposed that if small lumps of broken. quartz, mixed perhaps with a little micacious sandstone were to consti- tute the necessary stratum of drainers, at the bottoms of the pots, the plant may be cheated into a belief that it is luxuriating on the golden mountains of Serra Blanca. Its roots are strong and numerous for its size, therefore it requires to be frequently removed into larger sized pots. Ifit be gradually hardened, and then turned into a border, in front of the stove or greenhouse, in June, it will grow vigorously and flower very freely till the middle of September.- As this species of Barbacenia frequently perfects its seeds, on these we would recommend the chief dependance for increase ; for although it may be propagated by division of its roots the plants do not readily recover this treatment. It should be kept in the stove, and probably would flourish with pretty nearly the same management as its near ally, the pine-apple. In the article previously referred to,in Dr. Lindley’s Nat. Syst.it is ob- served, in reference to the genera belonging to this family, that “ They are all capable of existing in a dry hot air without contact with the earth ; on which account they are favourites in South American gar- dens, where they are suspended in the dwellings, or hung to the balus- trades of the balconies ; situations in which they flower abundantly, filling the air with their fragrance.” DERIVATION OF THE NaMEs. Barsacenra, after Barbacena, a Governor of Minas Geraes,in Brazil. Prr- PUREA, purple, the colour of the flowers. SYNONYME. BarsBacenia PuRPUREA. Hooker, Botanical Magazine, 2777. At” Withers del ‘Walyitomon Calffernect ae, * - PLATYSTE’MON CALIFORN 1OUM.: CALIFORNIAN PLATYSTEMON. EXOGEN&, ; oR “DICOTYLEDONES. Natural division to which egaie this Plant ee NATURAL ORDER, PAPAVERACE. Artificial divisions to which DE cs poLta: this Plant belongs, No. 65. GENUS. Puatystemon. ‘Benrnam. Fronss trimeri. Sepata 3, hispida. Peat, 6. ordine duplici. Stamrna:subindefinita ; filamentis petaloideis; an- theris linearibus rectis. Carper 2, teralia, stigmatibus linearibus erectis simplicissimis; matura leviter coherentia, indehiscentia, cartilaginea torulosa; in _stae ulos transversos monospermos sece edentia. ‘Sema levia, ta; Livp.ey: Botanical pirat folio 1679. ecristata; album SPECIES. PrarysremMon canirornicum. Benrxam. Fouts (phyllo- diis?) linearibus paralleliveniis, alternis et vetticillatin sepe unilateralibus; floribus terminalibus et axillaribus, longe pedunculatis, Ibid. CHARACTER OF THE GENUS, PLATYSTEMON. Parts of the flower in a ternary series. Catyx of 3 sepals. Coro..a of 6 petals, in two rows. STAMENS numerous; filaments petaloid; anthers linear, straight. Carpets 9-12, collateral, stigmata linear, erect, simple: when ripe the carpels slightly cohere, are indehiscent, cartilaginous, knotty ; separating into transverse one-seeded joints. SEEpDs smooth, not crested; albumen oily. DESCRIPTION OF THE SPECIES, PLATYSTEMON CALIFORNICUM. A herbaceous annual, erect, about a foot in height, glaucous, branch- ed, rounded, smooth, except the margins se sd ete: siti peduncles, the calyx, and writen mils hich paringly furnished with stift hairs LeavEs alternate, or lly hat verticillate, sessile, linear- oblong, entire, obtuse, veiied, sie Dees secietial Senet the vena- tion of endogens). Pepuncues axillary and terminal, about three times longer than the leaves, ascending, straight, one-flowered. Sr- PALS 3, concave, caducous. PerTats 6, disposed in two rows, ovate, pale yellow, the three interior petals smaller than the outer whorl. STAMENS numerous, hypogynous ; filaments petaloid, broad, the inte- rior whorls broadest ; anthers linear, dehiscing laterally ; innate. Car- REFERENCE TO THE DissEcTIONs. 1, The ovary, 2, A stamen, to exhibit the broad filament, PELS 9-12, hairy on the outer and lower portion, arranged in several circles, perfectly distinct ; stigmata linear, erect. The ripe fruit, form- ed by the cohesion of the carpellary leaves, oval, bristly, crowned by the persistent styles, furrowed; ultimately separating into distinct carpels, which are knotted or lomentaceous, — = of one-celled, one-seeded joints. PopuLar AND GEOGRAPHICAL Novies, Mr. Menzies first met with this plant in California ; but for the introduction of it into our gardens, we are indebted to the lamented Douglas. The interest of this flower as an ornament to our gardens, considerable as it is, falls far short of its importance in a botanical point of view. The ternary arrangement of the parts of the BONS. a Bo erdes od not common in the order Papa- veracex, and more distinct carpels bring it into an approximation with tie order Ranunculacee ; which is, perhaps, ee nearer by the leaves being oe a like condition of the Ranunculus Lingua The lomentaceous character of the carpels indicates some allt to the Crucifere. This remarkable state of the seed vessel has its prototype in the genus Hype- coum, of the order Papaveracex, and the two genera obviously form the transition link, through Trollius to the Ranunculacee. The calyx in both tribes is generally noted for its fugacious character, which belongs unfortunately to our present plant. This disposition to fall off soon after the expansion of the flower, has supplied the poet with one of his emblems of the fleeting nature of human enjoyments : But pleasures are like poppies spread, You seize the flower, its bloom is shed ; i INTRODUCTION ; WHERE GRowN; CuLTuRE. Though seeds were sent by Mr. Douglas, in 1834, to the Horticultural Society, where our drawing was made, the first plants raised produced only a few seeds which failed to vegetate; so that it must have been again introduced. It is sufficiently hardy, flowering freely in June and July in the borders, where it ripens seeds abundantly. It possesses some odor of an agree- able kind. DERIVATION OF THE a Pratystemon, from rarve, platus, broad, and crnywy, stemon, a stamen, referring to the breadth of the filaments. recieve cach from California. SynonyMeEs. PLatysTEMON cCatirorNicum, Bentham: Trans. of Horticultural Society, Vol. I, 7 aed Series, p.405. Lindley: Botanical Register, folio 1679. Hooker: Botani Magia: 3579, Dipnteieon punctate. hits Taylor del. DIPO'DIUM PUNCTA’TUM. ~ DOTTED DIPODIUM. MONOCOTYLEDONE&. Natural division to which this Plant a, NATURAL ORDER,. ORCHIDACES. GYNANDROSA, Artificial divisions GYNANDRIA, oF to which MONANDRIA, LINDLEY. this Plant belongs. OF LINNEUS, No. 66. GENUS. Diropium. Roserr Brown. PERIANTHIUM patens, petalis se. qualibus. Lape tum subconforme, utrinque infra medium auricu- palisque equal latum, disco barbatum, basi saccatum et cum columna connatum. CoLumNA erecta, marginata, semiteres. ANTHERA menibrenkoea, bilocularis? Porxrnra 2, oblique biloba, caudiculis duabus ee ee communi affixis. Lrvp.er: Genera and Species of Orchideous Plants, 1 SPECIES. Diroprum punctatum. Ropert Brown. bus distantibus, labello recto 5 ics’ pubescente. "Did, p- 1 CHARACTER OF THE GENUS, DIPoODIUM. Reicte spreading, petals and sepals equal. Lip nearly similar, having an auricle at- tached to each side below the middle, the disk bearded, saccate at the base, and united to the column. CoLumn erect, margined, round- ish. ANTHER membranous, perhaps two-celled? POLLEN Masses 2, obliquely two-lobed, attached to a common gland, by two little stalks (caudicule.) DESCRIPTION OF THE SPECIES, Drropips PUNCTATUM. A ter- restrial plant with a fibrous root, some of the fibres thick, succulent and horizontal, the rest slender and perpendicular. Stem about 14 to 2 feet high, of a brownish purple, round, smooth, devoid of leaves, but having vaginating scales, which at the base of the stem are imbri- cated, higher up remote ; scales short, obtuse. INFLORESCENCE race- mose. FLowers purple. Raceme cylindrical, loose ; peduncles of a bright purple, at first erect, afterwards, horizontal or drooping. Perianta brownish purple, spotted with red or blood-coloured dots ; sepals and petals linear oblong, nearly equal. Laxzetium (lip) ob- long, three-lobed, pubescent at the base, in the central part of which is a furrow, saccate, connected with a short attachment to the base of the column; three-lobed ; lateral lobes narrow, falcate, recurved, they as well as the disk hairy, the central lobe oblong, flat, apiculate, con- — radicali- tracted at the base, the hairs limited to a line along the middle. Co- LUMN erect, roundish, truncate, glandulose at the margin; clinandri- um with little teeth. S71iema short, transverse. POLLEN MASSES two, furrowed behind, with two little stalks (caudicule) attached toa sublu- nate or crescent-shaped gland. : Porutar AND Geocrapuicat Notice. The orchidaceous plants which we have hitherto figured, have been of the kind termed epiphy- tes, but the present species is a terrestrial one. This character might have been predicted of it in some degree, from its native place being in a higher latitude than the former subjects of our plates. A reduction of temperature attends this removal from the equator, and the air is no longer capable of holding in suspension a sufficient quantity of aque- ous vapour, charged with the materials of nourishment for plants grow- ing on the branches of trees. All the orchidaceous plants of Europe are terrestrial, and deck our meadows and slopes, instead of hang- ing from the spreading arms of trees, like most of those of tropical countries. The closer vicinity of New Holland, and Van Dieman’s Land, to the Southern Pole, likewise causes the orchidaceous plants of that region to seek nourishment directly from the earth, and they are consequently terrestrial. This species is found in New South Wales, near Port Jackson, and likewise in Van Dieman’s Land. The leafless character seems common to the genus, existing in the only other known species, Dipodium squamatum, a native of New Caledonia. ~ INTRODUCTION; WHERE GROWN; CuLTURE. This accession to the charming orchidaceous plants under culture, was imported by the Messrs. Loddiges, in 1835. To their liberality we owe the opportunity of figuring it, having blossomed in March, 1837. It grows in a pot, standing on the shelf of the conservatory, not requiring a stove heat. DeERIvaTIOn OF THE NaMEs. Diropiem, from Arg dis, two, and ove rodog, a foot, referring to the two stalks of the pollen masses. Puncratum, from punctum, a point or dot, in al- lusion to the dots on the flowers. SyNONYMEs, Denprosium punctatum. Smith: Exotic Botany, I, 21,plate 12. Robert Brown: Prodromus Flore Nove Hollandie,p. 331. Lindley: Botanical Reg- ister, folio 1980, ANIGOZANTHUS MaNGLESHL, %.ofuy PL, 74 MR. MANGLES'S ANIGOZANTHUS. MONOCOTYLEDONEZ- Natural to a this plant belon, NATURAL ORDER, HA.MODORACE. x‘. ether Artificial divisions to which aon ne re digest, this Plant 2 | pe LINNEUS. GENUS. AnicozanTHus. iatbeseatsy Periconrum §S sricwsipa corollinum extus ome tubo basi i ow m ovario connato, elongato, tandem de- ciduo, limbi se sexfi secundis zee ae fauci peri- gonii inserta, Ee filamenta filiformia antherz loculis connectivo an- _ tice adnatis, Ovarrom cum perigonii tubo connatum, triloculare. Ovoza in placentis e loculorum angulo centrali prominentibus plurima. Srytus filifor- mis ; stigma simplex. Carsuta infera, subglobosa, trilocularis, apice loculici- do-trivalvis. Semrna plurima, Enpzicwer, Genera Plant » p- 172. eee Pare 2 SPECIES. IGOZANTHUS MANGLESII, Dow. Cave tomento persistente eseieg ee peg: antheris muticis filamento 5-plo sag ogee capitato. D.Don, in Sweet's British Flower Garden, New Seri CHARACTER OF THE GENUS, ANIGOZANTHUS. tacit resem-~ bling a corolla, externally woolly, the tube united at the base with the ovary, elongated, at last deciduous, the segments of the 6-cleft limb nearly equal, taking a secund direction above. Stamens 6, inserted on the throat of the perigone, ascending; filaments slender, the cells of the anther anteriorly adnate to the connective. Ovary united with the tube of the perigone, 3-celled. OvuLes numerous, attached to placente which project from the central angle of the cells. StyLE slender, stigma simple. Capsuxz inferior, subglobose, 3-celled splitting at the top, by a loculicidal dehiscence, into 3 valves. SEEDS numerous, DESCRIPTION OF THE Spectres, ANIGOZANTHUS MANGLESU. A perennial herbaceous plant, tufted, with a fasciculated root, composed of thick fibres. Leaves uniform, erect, from half to 14 feet long, smooth, entire, apex cuspidate, point brown, rigid, cauline leaves semivaginating at the base. Srem round, erect, nearly three feet high, branched above, clothed, particularly towards the upper part near the flowers, with a short, thick, crimson down, formed of branch- ed hairs. Friowers large, shewy, in spiked racemes. PrDUNCLES Se neoelonaapois TO THE ssheenipenidntepeans Ps 1, Perigone laid open, ts. 2, ‘# stamen detached. 3, Ovary cut vertically, ited by the style. 4, tion of 1 seeds. / 17 springing from opposite ensate bracts: pedicels, round, attended by short reddish bracteol, all which parts are clothed with brownish red down. Perricone tubular, cylindrical, from 2 to 3 inches long, sometimes splitting longitudinally, detisely clothed with thick plumose hairs, base swollen roundish, of an orange or blood-colour, which verges to a yellowish green towards the top of the tube: limb erect, divided into 6 lanceolate, pointed, equal segments; segments green on the inner side. STamENs 6, the upper ones somewhat projecting, in- serted on the mouth of the tube, filaments short. ANTHERs linear, blunt, somewhat recurved, two-celled, orange, nearly five times longer than the free portion of the filaments, cells opening lengthwise. Ovary ge aaa cae ores a attached to a longitudinal placenta. § x I »glabrous, stigma capitate oO _Poputar anp GeocrapnicaL Notice. The present plant is a native of Swan River, but whether the same as that described by Pro- fessor Don may be doubted. It bears such resemblance to the original Anigozanthus rufa of Labillardiere as to inspire a belief that it may be identical with it: if merely a variety of Anigozanthus Manglesii it is certainly a much handsomer specimen than the one figured in Bot. Reg. t. 2012, the chief character of which, lies in its having a few scat- tered hairs along the margins of the leaves. INTRODUCTION; WHERE GrowN; CuLTureE. Seeds were sent in 1833, by Sir James Sterling, Governor of Swan River Settlement, to Robert Mangles Esq. Whitmore Lodge, Berks, whose very intelligent gardener, Mr. Donald Mackay, gives the following account of the treatment. “The seeds were sown in August, 1833, and the young plants were potted off, and kept in an airy part of the greenhouse du- ring winter. Early in the spring they were repotted, and in April they were planted out in a border, composed of maiden loam, leaf mould, and bog earth, in equal proportions, with a slight mixture of pounded chalk, in which the plants were found to thrive amazingly, shewing flower at the age of 10 months. A cold frame will protect them well enough in winter.” Brit. Flow. Gard. 265. Our drawing was made in the Birmingham Botanic Garden, where the plant continued to flow- er nearly three months, in the Greenhouse. DERIVATION OF THE NAMEs. ANIGOZANTHUS; dscyw, I raise up, and ay@oc a flower, from bearing up, as if proudly, its crown of flowers. Mineisens th compliment to Mr. fare SynonymMeE. AnicozanTHus Mancrest. Don: in Sweet’s British Flow. Gard. III, t. 265. BOSSIA’A LINOPHYL'LA. ~FLAX-LEAVED BOSSLA&A. EXOGENZ, OR DICOTYLEDONE 2A. Natoral division to which this’Plant belongs. NATURAL ORDER, LEGUMINOS 4. f Artibcinl divistens \& DIADELPHIA, DECANDRIA, this potion Siok OF LINNEUS, CALYCIFLORE, . OF DECANDOLLE. No. 68. GENUS. Bosstma. dian otk Catyx bilabiatus, sos superiore ma- jore semibifido obtuso. AMINA omnia connexa. LxecumeEn plano- -compres- icellat nm’ polyspe rmum, margine utroque i sccohaasiee um. Sema stro- phiolata. Dzgcanpoxte. Prodromus Systematis "Vulvenatn Regni Vegeta- bilis, II, p. 116. SPECIES. Bossiza LINOPHYLLA. R. Brown. Ramis compressis Spe foliis 1 leguminibus l-locularibus. Ibid, 117 3 CHARACTER OF THE GENUS, Bossima. CaALyx two-lipped, the upper lip larger, nearly two-cleft, obtuse. STAMENs united into a mo- nadelphous tube. Pop flatly compressed, stalked, many -Poted. both margins thickened, S£eEpDs strophiolated. DESCRIPTION OF THE Species, BOSSIZA LINOPHYLLA. Survup erect, about three feet high, branched, branches leafy, compressed, flexile, Leaves stipular, stipules subulate, alternate, spreading, linear, somewhat pointed, margins recurved. FLowers axillary, solitary, nearly clothing the branches from the base to the tip. Catyx green- ish, two-lipped, upper lip two-cleft, under lip 3-toothed. Coro.za of 5 petals. Sranparp large, orbiculate, slightly emarginate, of an orange-yellow, with brownish red streaks externally, and a brownish red spot, with radiating lines, towards the base or claw. Wines small, spreading, orange streaked with red. Krew of two slightly cohering petals. Stamens 10, monadelphous. StTyLe pointed. Pop com- pressed, one-celled, many-seeded. Popurar anp Geocrapnican Notice. This pleasing little plant is a native of the south-west coast of New Holland, where it was first REFERENCE TO THE epetdiiaee 1, The calyx. 2, The ale or wi The yexillum or standard. pie The stamens forming a sacuedstpnoes se: around the poorly — lof t discovered by Robert Brown: a few other species are found on the south-west of the Australian territory, but the greater number belong to the east coast; one only has been found in Van Dieman’s Land. All the species yet known have yellow flowers. Thus the peculiar type of vegetation which these plants present, has its locality assigned to it, and observes limits in its geographical distribution, with as un- varying uniformity, as their flowers assume the hue which characterizes them. Other remarkable points may be noted in the genus; particularly the disposition of the branches to become flat, and thereby resemble leaves, the office of which they frequently discharge; the leaves them- selves being often wanting, as happens in the species Bossizea Scolo- pendra, Bossiza rufa, and others. In this respect they resemble certain speceis of Phyllanthus. They thus serve to diversify the aspect of ihe foliage and landscape scenery, in a country where an unusual degree of monotony in the appearance of the woods is everywhere observable. InrropucTion; WHERE GROWN; Couture. It was first introduced to British cultivators in 1803. Our drawing was made in the month of June from a fine plant grown in the Birmingham Botanic Gar- den. It does not require more protection than the conservatory affords, in which it freely unfolds its lively blossoms in May and June. The following notice respecting its culture occurs in the Botanical Cabinet, of the Messrs. Loddiges, from which we take the liberty of extracting it. “It is not easily increased, except by seeds. A light loam with a little peat mixed, is the proper soil for it. It is not particularly ten- der, and only requires the common greenhouse protection, with a mod- erate quantity of water. Planted out in the conservatory it grows far more luxuriantly, and flowers much better than when confined in a pot.” DERIVATION OF THE NaMEs. Bossa, so called after M. Bossieu Lamartiniere, one of the companions of La Perouse. Linopnyiza, from \wwoy Linon, flax; and ¢vAAov PHuLton, a leaf, the leaves resembling those of the common flax. SyNONYMEs. Bosst#as trnopayria. R. Brown: Hortus Kewensis, Ed. 2, Vol. IV, p. 266. Sims: Botanical Magazine, t. 20: Loddiges’ Botanical Cabinet, t. 174. De- dolle: Prodromous, II, p. 117. Ml < / vo eer fthiortl-tit Sereeceee, EUPHOR BIA PUNICEA. CRIMSON-FLOWERED EUPHORBIA. EXOGENZ, oR DICOTYLEDONE. Natural division to which this Plant a NATURAL ORDER, EUPHORBIACE. erg aia) Artificial divisions DODECANDRIA, oF eee to which TRIGYNIA, [PERO ULE oe this Plant | &% yw OF LINNEUS, tigi No. 69. ‘ GENUS. Heras: Linnevs. Involucrum androgynum 4-5-fidum, ex tus appendiculis glandulosis, (Petala Linnei, Nectaria aliorum.) FLores mas- culi peripherici: pedicelli incerti numeri,s inguli cum singulis staminibus ar- ticulati. GERMEN 2 ae ma centrale. pe 3, 2-fidi. Capsvxa 3-cocea. SprenceL: Species Plantarum, Vol. I, p SPECIES. Evrsorsta punicea. Swarrz: — mbella sub-5-fida, radi 3-fidis, bracteis splendide puniceis oblongis acutis, appendiculis es cotyloideis, foliis spathulatis subtus glaucis. Spreneex: Species Plantarum, Vol. TIT i: CHARACTER OF THE Genus, EvpHorsia. InvoLucreE androgyn- ous, 4-5 cleft, externally furnished with glandular appendages. Those pedicels which are arranged around the central one, are variable in number, each bearing a single stamen, with which it is articulated. Ovary pedicellate, central. Stynes 3, each 2-cleft. Capsuxe form- ed of three cocci. Descriprion or THE Species, Evpnorsia punicea. STEM woody, in the native country attaining 15 to 20 feet in height, branch- ing near the top; branches smooth, dichotomous, spreading, swollen at the points of bifurcation, and bearing towards their summits leaves which are crowded, almost sessile, oval, lanceolate, somewhat acute, or pointed, of a deep green above, glaucous beneath, often of a red co- lour at their base. INFLORESCENCE of about 5 moneceous pedicellate capitula, arranged as an umbel. PrpiceLs pubescent bearing 2 large bractee arranged like partial involucres a little below each capitulum. These bractex are sessile, oblong, somewhat acuminate, of a rich crim- son colour; they are more or less abortive on the innermost pedicel, and are sometimes all crowded together in the form of a general invo- lucrum, when the part of the pedicel below them is not well developed, (see Botanical Magazine, Vol. 45, PI. 1961). The true involucres i en TO THE DissEcTIONs. 1, The invol ith its B ‘i dages, 2, A staminiferous flower. 3, The ovary. (or anthodia surrounding the capitula) are fleshy, urceolate, deep crimson, pubescent, hairy within, and bear from 5 to 6 bright yellow oval cup-shaped glands onthe margin. Staminiferous flowers 12 to 15 in each capitulum, each composed of a single stamen, jointed on a small pedicel. Pistilliferous flower solitary in each capitulum; the ovarium globose greenish, on a pedicel which becomes longer than the involucrum, inclines to one side, and curves downwards, the style short reddish, branching into 3 obtuse black stigmata; at the base of the floral pedicel are numerous filamentous bracts. CapsuLes smooth, roundish, of the size of a small cherry: seeds smooth, brown. PopuLar anp GeocrapHicaL Notice. This handsome'species of Euphorbia, is a native of Jamaica, growing among stones on mountains in the interior. An acrimonious juice is found in this spe- cies, and in almost all euphorbiaceous plants; yet it is strange, as re- marked by Dr. Lindley, that from such plants should be obtained caoutchouc, a most innocuous substance. But what appears still more extraordinary is the fact, that silk is not improbably a modification of the caoutchouc of these plants, elaborated by the silk-worms, which it has been maintained feed exclusively on milky-juiced and caoutchouc- yielding plants. Such at least seems to be the legitimate inference from the extensive Speier of Dr. Royle, whose statement we subjoin. “In a paper read to the British Association, at Bristol, on the plants which yielded caoutchouc, “I observed that they all belonged to the milky-juice families of Cichoracere, Lobeliacee, Apocynacee, As- clepiadacee, Euphorbiacee, and Artocarpez, a tribe of Urticacee. In the first place it may be observed that many of the plants of these families are remarkable for the strength and tenacity of the fibre they yield for rope-making: secondly, that bird-lime is prepared from plants belonging to families which yield caoutchouc, as from the apocyneous Voacanga in Madagascar; and in India, from different species of Ficus and Artocarpus. But the most interesting fact which I obtained from the investigation, was one most unexpected, and the least connected with the subject. Having been previously employed in considering the proper means for extending the cultivation of silk - in India; it struck me as singular, that so many of the plants which silk-worms prefer, next to the mulberry leaf, should be found in those families which yield caoutchouc. Thus, in England, the lettuce and dandelion leaves, belonging to Cichoracz, and in India, Ficus religio- sa, belonging to Artocarpez, have been ascertained to be the best sub- stitutes for the leaves of the mulberry ; while the Arindy silk-worm of India, Phalena Cynthia, feeds upon those of the castor-oil plant, Ri- cinus communis, belonging to Euphorbiacee. Considering that a cir- cumstance of this nature was not likely to be accidental, I was induced to think that it depended upon the presence of some principle com- mon to all these vegetables, and therefore that caoutchoue (perhaps in a modified state) might really be contained in the juice of the mulberry, though this is described as not being milky. I therefore requested Mr. Sevier, who has made so many discoveries in the properties of caout- chouc, to ascertain whether my conjecture was well-founded. Ina few days he informed me that the mulberry-tree sap was of a milky nature,’and did actually contain caoutchouc, especially on dry and bright sunny days.” Since this was written it has been stated in the newspapers, that a species of Scorzonera, which belongs to the natural family of Cicho- racee, has been found a good substitute for the mulberry leaf, in France. We have also been informed that a caterpillar which forms a very large cocoon, and spins a tough but coarse kind of silk, feeds on the leaves of the South-American caoutchouc tree, Siphonia elastica. This is but one of the important and interesting results which may be expected to follow from studying and arranging plants in groups, ac- cording to their affinities, as has been attempted by what is termed the Natural Method. Led away by the apparent simplicity of an artificial arrangement of plants, botanists neglected the strong proofs furnished by the instinetive propensities of the whole animal kingdom, that plants which agree in structure generally possess similar proper- ties. It was long known that certain animals fed on particular plants, and both during the last century and the present, this fact has been adduced as an evidence of the paternal care of the Creator, in provi- ding food convenient for all his creatures, “so that each should have its allotted portion” (See Stillingfleet’s Tracts ; Art. “The Swedish Pan,” translated from the Pan Suecicus, in Ameenitates Academice, Vol. II; also, Church of England Magazine, Vol. III, p. 211); but it is available also to shew the correctness of botanical analogies. In this way has Decandolle (Essai sur les Propriétés Médicales des Plantes) applied it, and it is so much the more convincing, that the proof is thus drawn from a source incapable of bias or prejudice. A few of the examples may be quoted. The Cynips Ross, and Cynips Salicis, the Cionus Scrophularie, and Hypera Rumicis feed upon several, some- times all, the species of the genera of plants mentioned; but upon no species belonging to any other tribe of plants. And indeed, the fact of the Cionus Scrophularie feeding on species of Verbascum may be allowed to decide the point of the genus Verbascum belonging to the Scrophulariacee, and not to the Solanacee, as some think it does. The Meloe vesicatoria, (Spanish blistering fly) gives the preference to the ash, then to the lilac, or privet, and last to the olive, all members of the tribe Oleacee. This insect is never found on any plant of the Jasminacee, though it is not uncommon on willows, from which it is remarkable that manna may be obtained, as well as from the Ornus Europea, or flowering ash. The Pontia Brassice or Cabbage Butter- fly feeds only on Cruciferous plants, with the solitary exception of the Tropxeolum majus, or Indian cress, the similarity existing between which and some Cruciferous plants, has procured for it the name of Nasturtium. While the Tinea (flavella) of Reaumur, the natural food of which is the Astragalus glycyphyllus, in the absence of that, what- ever variety may be presented to it, will only feed on some other legu- minous plant. These examples, the number of which might easily be increased, may convince every one of the advantage of following a Natural Me- thod of classification, to discover which, Linneus devoted the latter portion of his life, leaving it upon record as his opinion, that “The Natural Method, as it was the first, so will it ever be the highest, ob- ject of botany.” Roverr Dickson. ‘INTRODUCTION; WHERE Grown; Cutture. This splendid trop- ical subject was first introduced to Great Britain from Jamaica, in 1778. To the kindness of John Wilmore Esq. of Oldford, we owe the present opportunity of figuring this plant. It requires to | t in the stove. It may be propagated by cuttings; but to prevent the exhaustion and decay of these by an exudation of their milky sap, they should be nearly separated from the plant and then left three or four days till the sap has coagulated, so as to prevent further waste of it. They may then be wholly cut through and struck under glass. Further practical directions shall be given at a future opportunity. ATION OF THE NAMES. Evpnorsia, so called after Statoil physician to Juba, king o f Mauritania. Punicevs, scarlet, from Punicus, < of or belon nging to Pheenicia, famous for its dye of purple, said t hell-fish of the genus Murex. Syn Evpxorsia punicEa. Sw sites evident; p- 76. Flora Indiz —— Il, p. 873. Hortus Kewensis 2, p. 143. Smith: Icones picte, IIT, t. 3. Tcones Plantarum rariorum IHL, t. t. 484. Collectanea, 2, p. 179. psoas petted Plantarum, ITI, p.790. Botanical Register, 190. Botanical Magazine, 1961. Botanical Cabinet, 1901. tLe flebcrvime. Reo Fede : POINSET'TIA PULCHERRIMA. var. Albida. ' SHOWY POIN SETTIA. Variety, White-bracted. EXOGENZ, DICOTYLEDONE &. ee} VY —WY NATURAL ORDER, EUPHORBIACE, MONOCHLAMYDEZ, ‘ Artificial divisions DECANDRIA, OF te which TRIGYNIA. DECANDOLLE. this Plant belongs. OF LINNE us, No. 70. PornserriaA. Granam. InvotucruM mono a ovatum andro ogynum, basi 5-loculare, extus appendiculo unico nectarif Fores pedicellati, nudi; masculi bifariam in singulis loculis ontthidl, ‘anonaniaeh; foeminei nee , centrales, germen trilobum; ovulum solitarium singulis lobis. GraHam in eyes OF THE GENUS, Porarrru. INVOLUCRE mono- phyllous, ovate, androgynous (bearing both male and female flowers), 5-celled at the base, having a single external nectariferous appendix near the top. F.Lowers pedicellate, naked ; the staminiferous flowers arranged in two rows in each compartment, each flower consisting of one stamen (monandrous); the pistilliferous flowers solitary ; ovary three-lobed, containing one ovulum in each lobe. DESCRIPTION. OF THE Species, POINSETTIA PULCHERRIMA, VAR. ALBIDA, Sarvs erect, branched, branches hollow, round, when Jaane, obscurely four-angled. Leaves alternate, sometimes op >, petiolate, ovate, acute, unequally lobed, veined, veins often parallel, limb of the largest leayes about five inches long, and three broad, the mid-rib not in the centre, pubescent on both sides, but espe- cially the under, which is.of a lighter green. Bracts resembling the leaves, but smaller, the largest three inches long, not so much lobed, but unequal, and in the present variety of a white, or yery pale yellow colour, PaNnicLE cymose; pedicels articulated ; involucres likewise articulated, greenish yellow, turbinate, or ovate, toothed, externally marked by five furrows, with which internally alternate five falcate processes, which are narrow at the mouth of the involucre, but become broader as they descend towards the lower part, where they meet ina REFERENCE TO THE DissEcrTIONs. I, External view of involucre, es tiande its articulated pedicel. 2, Sections of involucre, showing the pistilliferous flower in centre, surrounded by the staminiferous 3, Pistilliferous * ttn hk mower appendage. a eimaatmesatiadipn etiam memtied, central column, thus dividing the base of the involucre into five com- partments ; erect fimbrie arising from their margins partially divide the upper part of the involucre into a similar number of cells; teeth of the involucre numerous, connivent, whitish, woolly on the inner side; near the top of the inyolucre are several appendages, or nectaries, of which four are abortive and one perfect, which is round, entire, peltate, and so constructed at the margin, as to appear two-lipped. SvTamni-— FEROUS FLOWERS about 10-12, in double rows in each compartment of the involucre, from the base of which they spring, each accompanied with a scale, which is hairy towards the top; monandrous. STAMENS articulated on small pedicels, filaments whitish, anthers two-lobed, yellow. PisTILLIFEROUS FLOWERS solitary, central, supported on a short stalk, naked, ovary three-lobed, styles three, each style — (?) oe at the apex. Ovute solitary in each cell. | Poputar aNp Grocrapnicat Notice. This variety was dato: yered about 400 miles from the city of Mexico, by Wm. Bates, Esq., by whom it was sent to Charles Tayleure, Esq., Toxteth-Park, near Liverpool. Whether it is a distinct species, or merely a variety of pul- cherrima, is somewhat doubtful; we deem it safer to regard it only as a variety, rather than create new species on imperfect data. Poin- settia pulcherrima was in flower in the Liverpool Garden, at the same time, a coincidence which further disposes us to think that they are the same; and this view we are happy to have strengthened by Pro- fessor Graham, who has carefully compared both plants. A white milky juice, flows from any wounded part. Large drops of clear sweet ~ fluid collect at the mouth of the nectariferous appendix. gee “InrropucTION; WHERE GrowN; CuLTurEe. The piel from which our drawing was made in December, was obligingly supplied from the Garden of the Liverpool Botanical Society, to which it had been presented by Charles Tayleure Esq. This gentleman had also received the red-bracted Poinsettia pulcherrima from Wm. Bates, Esq. previous to its introduction from Philadelphia by Mr. James Me Nab, so that it was by his exertions in the gardens of England before the specimen from which the drawing in the Botanical Magazine, 3493, was made. It should be kept in a cool stove or warm AOE Derivation OF THE NAMEs. Porxserrra, so called in honour of J.R. Poinsett, the United States C wait at Mexico, (Author of Notes on Mexico, 8vo., London, 1825), who rediscovered the red-bracted Poinsettia pulcherrima, which had been marked in Wildenow’s eae as Euphorbia pulcherrima. ar de sale peat of pulcher, fair. a, from albus, white, alluding to the pale colour of the bracts. 5 e 4elofice PCC OS IIE i Shite Aton de — Fig 2 23 maternal ee ok. eRe af peattiare TELO'PEA SPECIOSIS'SIMA. MOST SHEWY TELOPEA. DICOTYLEDONEZ. Natural division to which this Plant a * NATURAL ORDER, PROTEACES, MONOCHLAMYDER, Artificial o} OF to which pcnieiomracang DECANDOLLE. this Plant =} OF LINNEUs, No. 71. ENUS. Tetorea. R. Brown. Pertanturium irregulare, hine longitu. ~ dinaliter fissum inde 4-fidum. Sramrna apicibus concavis perianthii immersa. i i VARIUM i ris. tum. Sryuvs persistens, Sricma obliquum, clavatum, convexum. FouicuLus unilocularis, cylindraceus. Semina apice alata, ala hinc immarginata inde ulosa, nervo oblique recurrente. Invotucrum (racemi vel ae ae imbri- eatum, deciduum. Brown, Prodromus Flore Nove Hollandiz I, p. 388. SPECIES. Tetoprsa sreciosissima. Foxtts cuneato oblongis inciso-den- tatis venosis cum ramulis involucrisque glaberrimis. Ibid. CHARACTER OF THE GENUS, TELOPEA. PERIANTH irregular, be- ing sometimes longitudinally split, sometimes 4-cleft. Stamens hid in the concave points of the perianth. GLaNp hypogynous, single, subannular. Ovary many-seeded, stalked. Sry .e persistent. Stic- ma oblique, club-shaped, convex. FOovLicie one-celled, cylindrical. Seeps winged at the apex, wing sometimes immarginate, sometimes vascular, the nerve obliquely recurrent. INvoLucre (whether of the raceme or corymb) imbricated, deciduous. : DESCRIPTION OF THE Species, TELOPEA SPECIOSISSIMA, A Survs, which in its native country becomes 8 or 10 feet high, with definite branches, which are simple, round, and wand-like. Leaves scattered, exstipulate, oblong, wedge-shaped, obtuse, toothed or incised, from 4 to 8 inches long, attenuate at the base, smooth, veined, green on the upper surface, lighter almost glaucous beneath. FLOwERs forming a terminal raceme, which from the aggregation of the flowers has a capitate appearance, surrounded by an involucre of numerous lanceolate veined leaves, of the richest crimson, somewhat downy on the upper surface. Each flower pedicellate, with one bract to each pair of footstalks. Srpaxs of the perianth cohere at the base, except ReVERERCE TO THE DissECTIONS. 1 Chee , With the pistil y liberated. 2,Seedvessel and seed. 3, Single seed, with its wing. at the back of the flower, till the anthers cause them to separate. SEc- MENTs long, linear, hollow at the apex. Stamens 4, filaments short, anthers yellow, kidney-shaped, lodged in the concave pits at the apex of each sepal. Ovary stalked, Styx long, slender, curved. SrigMa large, obtuse. PrEricarP a coriaceous follicle, cylindrical, smooth, recurved, splitting along the ventral suture. S£Eps several, flattish, having a long narrow wing attached to the apex. PopuLar AND GeocrapHicaL Notice. Of all the splendid pro- ductions of New Holland, none surpass the present plant, which liter- ally dazzles the eyes of the beholders, when decked in all its brilliancy in its native land, where it flowers in October. The name among the Aborigines is Waratah, by Europeans it is sometimes termed Tulip tree; but this must not he confounded with the Liriodendron or Tulip tree of North America. Like some of the Banksias of New Holland, the tube of the flower is charged with honey, a property which causes it to be still more prized by the natives. It is not uncommon in the vales on the east coast of New Holland, near Port Jackson, in stony places, particularly when somewhat shaded. See Bennet’s Wanderings in New South Wales. INTRODUCTION; WHERE GROWN; CuLTurRE. It was introduced many years ago, by living plants, sent from Sidney Cove, to the Dow- ager Lady de Clifford, Nyn Hall, near Barnet, Hertfordshire. The plant from which our drawing was made flowered in the greenhouse of W. Moore Esq., of Wychdon Lodge, Staffordshire. This gentle- man had a drawing made of the plant, with the use of which he most politely favoured us, as well as the flower itself. We know of no other instance of its blossoming in this country for several years past. His gardener, Mr. Thomas Vickerstaff, informs us that the plant which is of a single shoot, 23 feet high, was potted in a mixture of sand, peat, and leaf-mould, and was at all times sparingly watered. Derivation oF THE NAMEs. TeLope, from Ty\w7o¢ a thing seen at a distance, the brilliant head of flow- ers rendering the plant visible from afar. a oe superlative of speci- osus, most shewy, ees tothe splendour of the fi _ Synowymes. Ber a Brown: aggre: of Linnean Society, Vol. X. EMBOTHRIUM SPECIOSISSIMUM. Smith: New Holland, 19, t. 7. Sims: Bot- anical Magazine, 1128. EMBOTHRIUM SPECIOSUM, gee” Paradisus Londinensis, III. EMBOTHRIUM SPATHULATUM; Cayanilles, ~ HO’VEA PURPU’REA. ot eee HOVEA. EXOGEN&, : DICOTYLEDONE2. Natural division to which this Plant belongs. NATURAL ORDER, LEGUMINOSA. / sett CALYCIFLORE OF of fi) Y \ 3, to which sara; af DECANDOLLE,. sa this eas | on TEENS, No. 72. Hovesa. Ropsert Brown. Catryx — sae a semibifido Into retuso, inferiore seperti ato. CaRINA 0 Sta p Peace snl ‘ideccaiigs : yentricosum dispermum. SEMINA strophiolata. DEcanpoLLE: Prodromus Systematis Universalis Regni Rit = ny p- 115, SPECIES. Hovea purru Sweet. Forts lineari oblongis obtusis mucronulatis supra ae abris aubin ‘onli pedicellis petiolo brevioribus geminis. Linpzey: Botanical Register, folio 1423. CHARACTER OF THE Genvs, Hovea. Catyx two-lipped, upper lip semibifid, broad, retuse, lower lip three parted. KrEeLobtuse. Sra- MENS all united into a monadelphous tube, or the tenth stamen more or less detached at the upper part. Lee@uMen or pod sessile, roundish, swelling, two-seeded. Srxps strophiolated, DESCRIPTION OF THE Species, HovEA purRPUREA.. A shrub, six feet high, branched, bushy, branches thickish, round or slightly angled, covered with a greyish pulverulentdown. Leaves alternate, petiolate, sl ei ie foe we a eae linear, oblong, obtuse, either pex, slightly revolute at the mar- gins, upper arty very deep green, slightly retictinied. smooth; under surface densely clothed with an arachnoid down, grey in the old leaves, or a rusty colour in the expanding leaves; mid-rib conspicuous on both, but especially on the under surface. -Frowers axillary, clothing the upper branches, geminate, ped llate; pedicels shorter than the petioles of the leaves: flowers purple, diverging to each side of the branches, every flower provided with 3 b rracte les, which are ovate, adpressed, of a rusty brown colour, the two. superior nearly equa] to the teeth of the calyx, the inferior smaller and more remote. CaLyx densely covered with down; upper lip truncate, emarginate, lower lip REFERENCE TO THE DissEcTIONs. 1, The standard. 2, Fl fi hich the standard has t i, 3, The keel. 4, The stamens. ; : bis ae Phas ceca events « oud COE. Milis del _— - QUISQUA'LIS IN’DICA. * INDIAN oe Natural division canoes to which this Plant belongs. NATURAL ORDER, COMBRETACEZ. CALYCIFLORE, Artificial divisions DECANDRIA, poe __ to which _ MONOGYNIA, DECANDOLLE, this Plant belongs. OF LINNEUS, No. 73. GENUS. Qutsquatis. Rumpxivs. Catycis tubus supra ovarium longi- sime productus gracilis deciduus, ore 5-fid eTATA 5 ovali-oblonga obtusa ee Ovarrum ovato-oblongum 4-ovulatum. Styuvus filiformis obtusus xsertus, inferné tubo calycis adglutinatus. Drupa sicca 5-angularis l-sperma. Chtyiedbads carnose maximz plano-convexe. DECANDOLLE, SPECIES. Quitsquatts Inpica. Linneévs. Pubescens, bracteis ovato- rhombeis aristato-acuminatis sab quoque flore, petalis ovali-oblongis adpressé pubescentibus. p. 23. CHARACTER OF THE GENUS, QuisquaLIS. TuBE of the calyx slender, deciduous, greatly prolonged beyond the ovarium, rim 5-cleft. Pertats 5, oval-oblong, obtuse, larger than the calycine teeth. Sra- mENs 10, protruding, inserted on the throat of the calyx, the alternate ones shorter. Ovary ovato-oblong, containing 4 ovules. Sryie filiform, obtuse, exserted, agglutinated below to the tube of the calyx. Drure dry, 5-angled, l-seeded. CorTyLEpons fleshy, flattish convex. DESCRIPTION OF THE Species QuisquaLis Inpica. A climbing pin antes throughout, except the tube of the calyx, branched, ite or alternate, petiolate, ovato-lanceolate, slightly cordate at the hae: upper surface dark green, mid-rib and nerves strongly marked, INFLORESCENCE in terminal panicles, each flower with an ovately rhomboidal, acuminately awned bract. Tube of the calyx long, slender, somewhat club-shaped towards the apex or throat, five-cleft at the top, segments lanceolate, acute. Prats 5, spa- thulato-ovate, blunt, inserted on the rim of the calyx, with the segments of which they alternate; when the petals first expand in the morning they are white, become reddish about noon, and rose-coloured in the evening, presenting next day a blood-red colour. These changes are more or less rapid according to the intensity of the light. Sramens 10, in two rows, attached to the inner side of the throat of the calyx, REFERENCE TO THE DissEcTIons. . 1, Back of anther. 2, Front of ditto. 3, Petal, 4, Tube laid open. » the stamens of each row alternating with those of the other, upper row protruding. Ovary adherent to the base of the tube of the calyx, one celled, 5-angled; style long, slender, protruding beyond the anthers. Poputar aNp GroerapHicaL Notice. As the name implies, India is the native land of this elegant and interesting plant. It be- longs both to the islands and peninsula of India, and if Drs. Wight and Arnott (Prodromus Flore Peninsulz Indiz Orientalis, I, p. 318), are correct in reducing several supposed species (Q. pubescens, Q. glabra, Q. Loureiri, Q. villosa) to mere varieties of the present plant, it has a still wider range, being found in Cochin-china, The whole order Combretacee consists of plants known only in the tropical, none being found in the extra-tropical, parts of Asia, Africa,and America. They number amongst them many remarkable for their beauty, and several for their utility. One of the latter is thus mentioned by Humboldt. “Our host was employed in joining large pieces of wood by means of a kind of glue called guayca. This substance, used by the carpenters of An- gostura, resembles the best glue extracted from the animal kingdom. It is found perfectly prepared between the bark and the alburnum of the Combretum guayca. It probably resembles in its chemical pro- perties birdlime, the vegetable principle obtained from the berries of the misletoe, and the internal bark of the holly. An astonishing abun- dance of this glutinous matter issues from the twining branches of the vejuco de guayca when they are cut. Thus we find within the tropics a substance in a state of purity, and deposited in peculiar organs, which in the temperate zone can be procured only by the processes of art.” Personal Narrative, vol. VI, part I, p. 5. INTRODUCTION ; WHERE GROWN; CuLTureE. The introduction of this plant took place in 1815. The specimen from which our drawing was made was obligingly communicated by Mr. Cameron, Curator of the Birmingham Botanic Garden. The best soil is a mixture of loam and peat, and cuttings root freely in sand in a moist heat, under a hand-glass. Few more beautiful objects can be seen than the Quisqua- lis Indica trained either along the rafters, or covering the trellis-work of a stove, as it goes on flowering for several months in summer; and the changeable character of the flowers give it — a new aspect. ATION OF THE Na AME Quisqvaris, a singularly compounded word, ate Quis which, ant qualis, kind, as its — and order were doubtful. Inptca, Indian. SynonyMeEs QuisavaLis ans Rumphius Amboina, 5, t. 38. Linneus: Species, 556 ba Botanical i cor folio 2033, G. Don, Diction- ary of Gellgianen d Botany, II, Decandolle : : Prodromus III, 23. S Meritt, 12: i 4 MO Withers. sei ‘ Sconteceds fp CCOOSE. ~ zs JUSTI'CIA SPECIOSA. ~~ SHEWY JUSTICIA. oR DICOTYLEDONE&. which sees nae division this Pant belongs. NATURAL ORDER, ACANTHACE, COROLLIFLORE&, S35 Artificial diyisions Bato Sone OF mn to which ONOGYNIA, DECANDOLLE. NJ this Plant belongs, } or LINNEUS, No. 74. _— Justicia. Linnevs. Caryx 4-5-fidus bracteatus. Corona 2-labia AnTHER# 2-loculares, loculis sepe distantibus. Capsuta ovalis_ 2: acinar loculis dispermis, dissepimento retinacula seminum — ad- nato. SprENGEL. Species Plantarum, vol. I, p. 27. PEC IES. Justicia SPECIOSA Roxsuren. Pepuncc is axillaribus pan- cifloris prolife: eris, bract tusis rae vege sities foliaceis, foliis petiolatis cordato-ovatis ob- at eeerext THE GENUS, Justicia. Catryx 4-5 cleft, bracte- d.. ANTHERS 2-celled, cells often separate. cd ‘ells two-seeded, dissepiment bearing the ‘hooked processes of the placenta adnate. DeEscrIPTION OF THE SpEciES, Justicia Speciosa. Survs tall, spreading; stem and old branches ash-coloured, younger branches green, glabrous, rounded, scarcely striated. Leaves opposite, petiolate, ovate, acuminate; lower and larger leaves subcordate, and crenate, dark green, roughish above, paler beneath; nerves oblique, promi- nent on the under surface. Pepuncues axillary and terminal, often proliferous, few-flowered. Bracrs forming a double involucre, cilia- ted on the margins; the outer circle composed of four leaflets, two of which are oblong, two spathulato-oblong; the inner circle consisting of four upright, lanceolate, smaller, leaflets, surrounding each flower. Catyx small, of 5 deep, linear, acute segments. CoroLta purple, externally pubescent; tube very long, curved, singularly twisted, limb divided into an upper and under lip, which by the curvature of the tube are transposed; the upper (naturally under) lip broad, blunt, three-toothed, with one large, and several small dark spots at the base ; lower lip entire, or obscurely two-toothed. STaMENS two; filaments slender, long, extending much beyond the throat. ANTHERS of two cells, one obliquely above the other. Ovary ovate, with a fleshy an- nular disk. STYLE nearly as long as the stamens. Stiema obscurely two-cleft. Popvtar AND Geoarapnican Notice. Among the numerous splendid productions of tropical forests, this has been pronounced by Dr. Roxburgh, than whom scarcely any could be a more competent judge, “to be one of the greatest ornaments of the forests of the inte- rior of Bengal.” Many of the peculiar characters of the tribe of Acan- thacee may be studied in this plant; one of the most remarkable of which is the position of the two cells of the anthers, which are not opposite as in most instances of two-celled anthers, but obliquely one above the other. Nees von Essenbeck imagines that this irregularity is connected with a general tendency to unequal dichotomy, which is more particularly indicated by one of the opposite leaves being une- qual, by the bases of the leaves being frequently oblique, by the one- seeded spikes with two rows of abortive, and two of flower-bearing bracts, &c, The attachment of the seeds to the placente is also very peculiar, The seed-vessel opens with considerable elasticity and pro- pels the seeds to a distance. Several species of Justicia are fragrant, while others yield colouring principles. It is probable that the juice of the flowers of the Justicia speciosa would furnish the best pigment for colouring drawings of the flower, as is the case with the juice of the Tradescantia. InrTropucTION; WHERE Grown; CuLTuRE. This species first found a place in British gardens in 1826. It was raised by Lady Bunbury, of Barton Hall, Suffolk, from seeds received by her from St. Helena, to which island it had probably been introduced from the Botanic Garden, Caleutta. The plant from which we were kindly permitted to have a drawing made, flowered in the stove of Robert Barclay, Esq. of Leyton, Essex. The Justicia speciosa may be grown either as a stove or greenhouse plant, but its beauty is most perfectly developed in the stove, where it makes a noble appearance during au- tumn and part of the winter. It should be potted in rather strong rich loam, and have plenty of pot room. May be rapidly increased by —— at any season. Derivation or THE Names. 2 Beep in compliment to ren James Justice, a Scotch Gardener, author of : . ritish Gardener's Director.” He lived about the middle of the last cen- ury. Spreciosa, shewy, from ‘es handsome appearance of the flowers. Syno Justicia Spectosa Roxb h: vol. I, p.85. Botani cal Mag ieee Tao Sprengel: Species Plantarum, € y (Seay tee Ctcslaler. ue Withers ded MAXILLA'RIA CRISTATA. CRESTED MAXILLARIA. ENDOGEN x, af f i iW races Ng - ha} 8] { this prey en acparma a compound of grandis and flos, to intimate the large siz the flow size of SyNonyMEs. THUNBERGIA GRANDIFLORA. Roseburgh: Flora Indica. Botanical Register, folio 495. Botanical Magazi . ' ey : Pratcres Cony ijelan i oe Heny Milis. del. ACA’CIA LONGIFO'LIA. LONG-LEAVED ACACIA. —, ——_ i fics this Pa soencil & NATURAL ORDER, LEGUMINOSZ, _—— 15 DECANDOLLE. bes raat vi ba wont No. 77. * GE Acacta. Nzcxer. Fores polygami. Caryx 4-5 denta Peraza 4-5 nunc libera, nunc in corollam 4-5 fidam coalita. Sramrna wae varia 10-200. LrecumeEn continuum exsuceum bivalve. DecanDoxLE. SPECIES, Acacia LONGIFOLIA. Witzp. Phyllodiis sublanceolatis utrin- que yates integerrimis i 2-3-nerviis, ceterum submultinerviis, spicis axillaribus binis brevissimé salaacelns, calyce 4-dentatis, Dscan noize. cre OF THE GENUS, AcAcIA. FLoweErs polygamous. Catyx 4-5-toothed. Prtats 4-5, sometimes free, sometimes united into a 4-5-cleft corolla. Sramens varying in number from 10-200. Pop continuous, dry, two-valved. DEscrIPTION OF THE Species, ACACIA LONGIFoLIA. Stem from 10-18 feet high, straight, cylindrical, branched, s 2, the lea eaves, cylindrical, the axes articulated, covered with flowers along their whole Jength, furnish- ed with bracteas. FLowers sessile, close together, some having sta- mens only, the greater number possessing both stamens and pistils. Bracteas solitary, at the base of each spike, and of each flower, calyx monosepalous, campanulate, five-toothed, three times shorter than the corolla. PrrTaxs five, alternating with the segments of the calyx. STaMENS numerous, inserted upon the calyx, united at the base. AN- THERS straight, roundish, two-lobed, very small. Ovary free. Sryie lateral, straight, slender, longer than the stamens. LEGuMEN coriaceous cylindrical, pointed, jointed. Fiowers of a citron colour, diffusing a faint odour, similar to that of peach-blossoms, owing to the presence of hydrocyanic acid. Popunar anp GeocrapHicaL Notice. The vertical position of the phyllodia or flattened petioles which constitute the whole of the leaf, by which means each side is presented to the spectator, gives a peculiar aspect to the scenery of New Holland, where these plants abound. The immense number of exhaling pores (Stomata) on both sides of these, by permitting the escape of a large quantity of aqueous vapour, causes a great degree of dampness in the atmosphere in their vicinity. | InTRoDUCTION ; WHERE Grown; CuLTureE. Introduced in the year 1792. It may be propagated easily by cuttings; or by seeds, which are plentifully produced by this species, It thrives best ina light sandy soil, but will succeed in any. The Acacias require to be - very freely watered, during warm dry weather. Our drawing was made in the garden of the Birmingham Botanical Society. Mr. Loudon, in his inestimable Arboretum and Fructicetum Britannicum (now brought to its conclusion) has the following observations on the genus Acacia. “This is a very extensive genus of shrubs or trees, with beautiful foliage and flowers, and of intense interest to the Brit- ish gardener, because, in mild winters, they are found to live in the open air, as standards, attain a tree-like size in 2 or 3 years, and flower profusely, very early in the spring. They are all of easy pro- pagation, either by cuttings or from seeds, either imported or produced in this country, and their growth is so rapid, that plants 2 years established, have. been known to make shoots 16 feet long in one sandy soils, and in sheltered situations, the greater number of the specins of Acacia might be grown together as a wood or thicket, by which means the plants would protect one another ; and though their tops might be annually killed down for 2 or 3 feet. by the frost, yet the dead portions being cut off annually, in May, the plants would grow again with vigour. An Australian forest might not be realized in this way in England, but some allusion might be created to an Australian coppice wood.” Vol. II, p. 662. _ DERIVATION OF THE NAMEs, Acacta, supposed to be from acafw, axazo to point or sharpen, many of the species having the stipules in the form of sharp thorns. Lonerroxta, long- leaved. : SyNonyMEs. Acacia tonerrouia. Willdenow: a Plantarum, IV, p. 1052. Sims: Botanical Magazine, 1827 and 2 Mimosa tonerronia, Andrews: poesia aah Ventenat: Plan- tes de Malmaison, 62. Decandolle: Prodromus, IT, 45 Mimosa mMacrostacuya. Poiret: Beat nis p. 61. Ba yada co Gblicoe ; Af? Withers. ded -< ¢ PORTULA‘CA GILLIE'SIL. “DR. GILLIES’ PORTULACA. OR DICOTYLEDONE&. Natural division to which this Plant belongs. NATURAL ORDER, PORTULACE, Artificial van} DODECANDRIA, | 3 ? : to which MONOGYNIA, this Plant a} OF LINNEUS. No. 78. CALYCIFLORE, OF DECANDOLLE, GENUS. Porrvtaca. Tovrnerorr. Catyx aut liber aut imo ovario ad- herens, bipartitus, demum basi circumscissus et deciduus. je La 4-6 equalia inter se libera aut ima basi concreta, calyci inserta. Stamrna 8- 15, sent ae interdum im corolla adnatis. Ovarrum jibbotcdutt 3.6-fidus, aut stylus nullus et stigmata 3-8-elongata. Civica sahipto meld Llecslaiia medio circumscissa, Semin indefinita placente centrali adfixa. Decanvotte: Prodromus, Pars iid 353, SPECIES Pourtaaes Giturestt. Hooxer. Caulibus suberectis basi ra- mosis, foliis oblongo-cylindraceis Rios peaiats obtusis punctatis, pilis axillar- — us fasciculatis erectis appressis, floribus terminali bus, petalis alyce longi- ribus ‘Soeae Cnaracter OF THE Soave, PorrTuaca. Catyx either free, or adherent to the base of the ovary, two-parted, finally cut round at the base, and so deciduous. PrtTaus 4-6 equal, either unattached to each other, or slightly united at the base, inserted on the calyx. STAMENS from 8 to 15, filaments free, sometimes attached to the base of the cor- olla. Ovary roundish. Sry.e 1, 3-6-cleft at the apex, or the style absent and the stigmata 3 to 8 in number, elongated. Capsu Le sub- globose, 1-celled, dehiscing horizontally in the middle. Sreps inde- finite, attached to the central placenta. | — DESCRIPTION OF THE Species, Portutaca Gituiesn. A peren- nial herbaceous succulent plant, stem erectish, about 12 inches high, purple blotched with white, branched, branches mostly near the base or apex of the stem. Leaves sparse, sessile, reflexo-patent, on the stem, closer and almost rosulate on the branches, obtuse, roundish, compressed, slightly purple at the top, spotted on the rest of the sur- face with white dots or lines. Harrs axillary, erect, white, pellucid. Catyx consisting of two somewhat unequal, oval, membranaceous sepals, with white and scarious margins. Prrats 5, of a rich reddish purple, spreading (under exposure to the strong solar light, at other times erect or nearly closed) obovate round, notched or undulating. Stamens varying frum 8 to 15 or more; filaments purplish ; anthers orange-coloured. Ovary roundish ; style slender, longer than the sta- mens; stigmas seven, awl-shaped, reflex, downy or fringed with glan- dular ? hairs. Poputar anD GeocrapHicaL Notice. This plant is a native of the plains of Mendoza, in South America. It inhabits the most arid ‘localities, and it is only under the influence of the most powerful light, which parches the ground of its place of growth, that it fully unfolds its handsome blossoms, which seem to return the fervid glow of the sun- beams. Few are the hours, and still fewer the days, in this country, that the atmosphere is sufficiently clear, and the light sufficiently strong to cause it to display all its beauties, but even the occasional exhibi- tion which it makes of them will recompense any lover of flowers for the care he may bestow upon it. It is in general between the hours of 9 and 12 that the flowers expand. Portulaca oleracea, and P. flava, when boiled, are eaten as pot-herbs ; but little use is made of the spe- cies of this genus, though Portulaca curassivica is used in the East Indies, against asthma and inflammation of the liver. Claytonia perfoliata and Claytonia cubensis are esculent, as are likewise the roots of Claytonia tuberosa, and Ullucas tuberosus. : InrropucTION; WHERE GROWN; CuLTurE. Seeds were brought to England, in 1827, by Dr. Gillies. Our drawing was derived from a plant which flowered in — at sat Henderson’s scenic! Pine Apple Place. Itis of short ti hould be fi tly increased, which may be most easily effected, for a single leaf, obit: laid upon . moist soil, will produce several plants. Except when growing, and setting for flower, it should not be watered, and then only sparingly. It must be kept in the stove, or a very dry greenhouse during the winter. DERIVATION OF THE NaMEs, PortvLaca,a word respecting the origin and meaning of which writers are not y some si is said to be from porto I carry, and lac, milk. Gilliesii, in compliment to Dr. Gillies, who brought the seeds from Mendoza. SYNONYMEs. pissin ah as 11. Hooker, in Botanical Magazine, folio 3064. Lindley, in Botanical Register, folio 1672. Boa ent ay Mite. el SL wwlnihess POPPLCL. 4) . " ee Sse, a a POINSETTIA PULCHERRIMA. ™ MOST BEAUTIFUL POINSETTIA. EXOGENA, . OR , DICOTYLEDONE &. BOTITy Nai rs op owh this Piast om Artificial divisions ee iy pei tg to which ys ve TRIGY this Plant belongs. WS o¥ aan No. 79. GENUS. Pornsetria. Gragzam. Invotucrum monophyllum, ovatum mdrogynum, basi 5-loculare, extus appendiculo unico nectarifero. ORE MONOCHLAMYDER, Wudt{i oF W DECANDOLLE _ pedicellati, nudi; masculi bifariam in’singulis loculis ordinati, monandri; feeminei aa centrales, germen es ovulum solitarium singulis lobis. - GRraAHAM in CHARACTER OF THE GENUS, Piistlchirit INVOLUCRE mono- phyllous, ovate, Btre asm (bearing both male and female flowers), 5-celled at the base, having a single external nectariferous appendix near the top. Frownne pedicellate, naked ; the staminiferous flowers arranged in two rows in each compartment, each flower consisting of one stamen (monandrous); the pistilliferous flowers solitary; ovary three-lobed, containing one ovulum in eac DESCRIPTION OF THE SPEcrES, PomNSETTIA PULCHERRIMA. An erect shrub, branched, branches hollow, when young obscurely four- angle d, green, glabrous. LEaves scattered, but occasionally opposite, petiolate, petioles from 2 to 14 inch long, those of the upper leaves reddish, lamina ovato-elliptical, acute, irregularly lobed, or sinuate, mid-rib strong, with numerous nearly parallel lateral ribs, most pro- sides. Bracts numerous, somewhat similar to the leaves, but nar- rower, more acute, and less notched, of a brick red (occasionally vermillion) “a arranges” in a more or a — ee around the head of flow subtrifid, articulate, yallutiche at length falling off at the joint. Invonvcnes ar- ticulated, on short thick foot-stalks, green, ele of orbicular, toothed, i ich alternate on the _ they street ata edntral elevation, so as to divide the lower part rte the involucre into five compartments; erect fimbrie arising from their REFERENCE TO THE DissECTIONS. articulation, and lobes of one anther. 1, An involuere laid opens 2, A 20 margins imperfectly divide the upper part of the involucre into a simi- lar number of cells ; teeth of the inyolucre numerous, reddish like the bracts, woolly, connivent. Near the top of the involucre are several appendages, or nectaries, of which four are abortive, and one perfect, which is round, entire, peltate, and so constructed at the margins as to seem two-lipped. STAMINIFEROUS FLOWERS varying from 10 to 14, in double rows in each compartment of the involucre, from the base of which they spring, each accompanied with a scale, which is hairy towards the top ; each flower consisting of but one stamen, which is articulated with a small pedicel, filament reddish, anther two-lobed, lobes diverging, dehiscing by a deep furrow along the outside. Pot- LEN granules yellow, lenticular. PisTILLirEROUS FLOWERS solitary, central, supported on a short thick pedicel, naked; ovary three-celled, styles three, each style simple (?), bifurcate at the apex. Poputar anp Geograpuican Notice. In Plate 70, we published what we considered a variety of the present plant, under the name of Poinsettia pulcherrima, var. albida, and with this one before them, our readers can judge for themselves whether or not we were correct in deeming the former merely a variety. Less importance should be attached to colour than to any other feature of a plant, and it is pro- bable that the bracts are white in the other plant, owing to its being more delicate. It is perhaps worth mentioning that the bracts of many species of Euphorbia are yellow during the early period of flow- ering, but afterwards become green; as do the white sepals of the Hel- leborus niger also change to green, (See Treviranus, Vermischte Schriften, vol. IV, p. 145 INTRODUCTION ; WHERE GROwN; CuLTurRE. Sent from Mexico to Charles Tayleure Esq., of Toxteth Park, near Liverpool, in 1835. About the same time it was sent by Mr. James M* Nab, from Phil- adelphia, to the Edinburgh Botanic Garden. Our drawing was made from a plant belonging to the Messrs: Pope of Handsworth. The gar- dener of Henry Pratt, Esq. of Philadelphia says he treats it in every respect as a Geranium, except keeping it in the hot-house during winter. ATION OF THE NAMES, Derty PornsEttrA, so called in honour of J. R. Poinsett, the United States Consul at Mexico. Puncnerrima, superlative of pulcher, fair. SyNONYMES. PornsETTIAa ae ole Graham: in Edinburgh New gee a, Jour- nal, March 1836. Graham : in Botanical Magazine, folio 349: EvrHorsia PULCHERRIMA, Wildenow: Herbarium. EvrHorBia poinsettia, Buist: Mss, CAROLI'NEA ALBA, WHITE CAROLINEA. DICOTYLEDONE A. 4 ps re saeticers i BE this Piast bel Sat § a PEEL. STERCULIACE. gare esas MONODELPHI4, ow a icy POLYANDRIA, idnesiterea dil: this Plant belongs. OF LINNEUS. No. 80. GENUS. Caroutnea. Linnevs. Catyx nudus, subtruncatus, persistens. LA quinque oblonga longissima. Stamina basi monadelpha su adelphias plures dodecandras fasiculata. Srtyxvs pram vath joer quingue. Capsvta lignosa multivalvis, unilocularis, polysperm SEMINA nec gossypio nec farina induta. Decanpotze Prodromus Sonatas Natutilie Regni Vegetabilis tom. 1, p. 478. SPECIES. salina AtBA. Loppices. Fours — foliolis ll tico-lanceolatis, corolla extus fasciculato-tomentosa, tu 1 quin nario (ane vix sinuato ?) ieee “Hookan:Bxoti Flora, vol. 2, plat ra fe ok OF THE GENUS éscsiil Cat bractez externally, somewhat truncate, persistent. Prins 5 bg long, of considerable length. Stamina monadel phous helo , but forming several dodecandrous bundles above, (in the presen case this latter circumstance does not exist, or is tod indistinct to be no- ticed. Willdenow’s character is “filamenta ramosa,” the filaments — branched, which is strictly applicable.) Sryxex of great length. Sric- — maTa five. CAPSULE woody, multivalvular, of one cell, and with many seeds. SExEDs void of all covering, of a oe or farinaceous’de- scription. ° DESCRIPTION OF THE svete CAaRouiNea ALBA. Lear pal- mate, with seven leaflets, petiole 4 inches; leaflets 3 to 6 inches, scarcely petioled, oblong to elliptic-lanceolate, glabrous, veined, margin very entire. FLower axillary, but close to the extremity of the branch. Pevuncte thick, half an inch long. Catyx half an inch long and of EFERENCE TO THE DtssEcTions. 1,The sore ener ee on the petals. 2,Grain of pollen. 3, Transvi the Ovarium. d ovules (a) of fig. 3 at the inner end of a desta 0) ve a part of {ec}. 5, Summit aan the ceecaee tube opened to shew the manner in which the fil- from it. t in half, shewing the pistil. 7.The upper forked portion of a filament. the same breadth, cupshaped, glabrous, truncate with the margin entire, and clothed internally with velvety brown tomentum, except near the base which is also paler. Prrats five, about four inches long, and apparently somewhat coriaceous, linear-oblong, very slightly con- nected together at the base and to the staminiferous tube ; whitish inside and tomentose more than half way down; on the outside densely covered with minute fascicled short and dark brown hair, the fascicles arranged in interrupted subconfluent transversely waved lines; a near- ly obsolete channel runs down the middle of the back. Tuner formed by the stamens an inch and a half long, fleshy, with the orifice appar- ently sinuate or obscurely lobed. Numerous white filaments spring from the extremity and outside of the tube, over a surface of about one quarter of an inch. FitamMents two and a half inches long, forked above the middle, each branch bearing a reniform one-celled anther, placed transversely. Pox.en of trigonal vesicles intermixed with waxy matter. Ovary ovato-oblong, pentangular, with five spurious (?) cells, and containing numerous ovules arranged in two lines along each of their innermost angles. SvtyLe more than three inches and a half, filiform, reddish towards the apex. Stiema minutely five lobed. N.B. This description is drawn up from an examination of the dried flower and leaf, from which, whilst fresh, the drawing was made. J. S. HENSLow. Poputar aND GeograpHicaL Notice. This genus is confined to the West Indies and other parts of tropical America; and the few species which it includes are all handsome trees with large flowers. It is closely allied to the genus Adansonia, found in Senegal, and which is celebrated for containing the thickest and oldest trees which have hitherto been discovered. As it is unlikely that we shall ever obtain flowering specimens of this “oldest organic monument of our planet” as Humboldt calls it, some notice here, of so extraordinary a produc- tion may not be uninteresting to our readers. We copy the substance of the following observations from the first volume of Don’s System of Gardening and Botany. Michael Adanson, the celebrated French naturalist, after whom the genus was named, measured several of these trees growing in Africa. They were from 65 to 78 feet in cireumfer- ence, but very low in proportion. The trunks were from 12 to 15 feet high before they divided into many horizontal branches, which touch- ed the ground at their extremities; these were from 45 to 55 feet long, * and were so large, that each branch was equal to a monstrous tree ; and where the water of a neighbouring river had washed away the earth, so as to leave the roots of one of these trees bare and open to the sight, they measured 110 feet long, without including those parts of the roots which remained covered. The tree yields a fruit which resembles a gourd, and which serves for vessels of various uses; the bark furnishes a coarse thread which they form into ropes, and into a cloth, with which the natives cover their middle from the girdle to the knees ; the small leaves supply them with food in a time of scarcity, while the large ones are used for covering their houses.’ The dried leaves, reduced to a powder, constitute halo, a favourite article with the natives of the eastern coast of Africa, and which they mix daily with their food, for the purpose of diminishing the excess of perspira- tion occasioned by the heat of those climates; even Europeans find it serviceable in cases of diarrhea, fevers, and other diseases. On the eastern coast of Africa the tree is liable to the attack of a species of fungus, which vegetates in the woody part, and which, without chang- ing its colour or appearance, destroys life, and renders the part so attacked very soft. Such trunks as have been so attacked are hollowed out into chambers, and within them are suspended the dead bodies of those who are refused the honour of burial. There they become dry and well preserved, without further preparation or embalmment, and are known by the name of guiroits. The farin- nveloping the seeds tastes somewhat like gingerbread, and is eaten with or without sugar by the natives. At Bangole it forms the principal part of the food of the natives, who season many of their dishes with it, especially a kind of gruel made of corn called rooy. It was the chief support of Major Pedley’s expedition for 10 or 12 days. In our own country many yegetable monuments of great antiquity ex- ist, particularly among Yew-trees. Those of Fountain’s Abbey, in Yorkshire, are believed to be more than a thousand years old; Adan- son, however, calculates that the age of some of the African trees to which we have alluded, could not be less than five thousand years. InrropucTION; WHERE GROWN; Curture. The present speci- men was sent us by Mr. Sheppard of the Liverpool Garden, who states that “he raised it from seeds sent from Trinidad by the late Baron de Shack, under the name of Bombax quadrangularis. The plant is now about 8 feet high with spreading branches, the young ones being very mummies perfectly acious pulp e glaucous. It loses its leaves in the winter, and in its native country is probably quite denuded at the time of flowering. The petals are erect at first, but soon become reflexed. It is not unlike the Caroli- nea alba of Hooker’s Exotic Flora, but that plant is of much larger owth.” Notwithstanding this latter ci tance, we cannot observe a sufficient difference etek these plants to warrant our considering them as distinct species. The number of the subordinate parts of the pistil and the degree of development in the lobes of the stigma are very variable characters; but beyond these, the chief difference in our descriptions of the present flower and that of Dr. Hooker, consists in our specimen having the inner surface of the Calyx and petals clothed with a velvety tomentum. Dr. Hooker has noticed the close resem- blance which exists between C.alba and C. insignis, the flowers of the latter however being twice the size of the former, and the tomentum on the petals notin fascicles. The flowers of our plant are still smaller than those of Dr. Hooker’s, and although the tomentum is distinctly fascicled in many places, yet in — it loses this = probably from the fascicles being so much 1 that they distinctly LLGat co observed. From these circumstances we cannot help suspecting that C. alba may after all be a dwarf form of C. insignis. Dr. Hooker remarks (apparently from examining the ovarium only) that “in hay- ing-cells to the fruit, this plant departs from the generic character of Carolinea” and he has figured the ovules attached in several rows to a large central placenta. But it may be observed that this central placenta readily separates into as many subordinate portions as there are dissepiments, forming so many distinct placente at their inner edge, to which the ovules are attached in double rows. So far then as the examination of a dried specimen may enable us to judge, these separ- ate placentz do not cohere into a solid central column. It seems there- fore extremely probable that in the ripened capsule both the dissepi- ments and central mass may be so far obliterated or modified, as to give the pericarp the character of a unilocular fruit, as in the other species from which the generic character has been framed. DERIVATION OF THE NaMEs. CaroxtneEa in honour of the Princess Sophia Caroline of Baden. Asa white, from the colour of the inner surface of the pe atin: Carouinea arpa, Loddiges’s Botanical Cabinet, vol. 8, Pl. 752. Hooker’s Exotic Flora, vol. 2, plate 100. 2 et. . , Sse reefe Mike Tarler. det. BOSSI AA RU FA. _ _RUFOUS BOSSLEA. by yY- vy NATURAL ORDER, LEGUMINOSAE. CALYCIFLORR, fA, Artificial divisions DIADELPHIA OF EOFS to which DECANDRIA,. DECANDOLLE, &) =e Plant belongs, OF LINNEUS. GENUS. Bosst#a. Vewrenar. Catyx bilabiatus, coe superiore ma- jore semibifido obtuso. STaMINA omnia co nnexa, LeGuMEn plano-compres- Semina strophi- mo DrcanpoutE : Prodromus Syslemats Universalis Regni Vegetabilis, IJ, p.1 SPECIES. Bossrxa RUFA, Loppices. Ramis complanatis Jlinearibus aphy lis, q , carina subnuda, bus “distantibus pedicello brevioribus. DrcanDoxze. Prodromus, II spoali. CHARACTER OF THE GENUS, Boss1#a. CaxLyx two-lipped, the upper lip larger, nearly two-cleft, obtuse. STaMENS united into a _ monadelphous tube. Pop flatly compressed, stalked, many-seeded, both margins thickened. Sxxps strophiolated. Description oF THE Spxcies, Bossi#a ruFA. A shrub with straggling branches, nearly two feet high; branches leafless, flat, com- pressed, or more properly roundish, narrow, and winged on each side owing to the base of each branch being decurrent, the wings toothed, and bearing the flowers, which are placed in the teeth of the upper branches. FLoweErs soca | eee 8 » bracteolated : the bracts of two pairs, the one pair at the pet mote, placed about mid-way betweole shorter than the pedicels: flowers mah 17 rarely extending to the extremity of the branch. Caxyx slightly pubescent, two-lipped, up- per lip larger, obscurely two-cleft, obtuse, under lip also somewhat two-cleft, and more acute. COROLLA papilionaceous, standard large, spreading or reflexed with a long slender claw, limb emarginate, din- gy yellow, with a brownish spot at the base and reddish brown lines diverging thence. to the margin ; wings small, obtuse, yellow, carina Rurexznce TO THE DissEcTIoNs 1, The Standard. 2, one of the wings. 3, one half of the keel. 4. ovary and spe 5, a pedicel cis seve Wena (keel) of two petals, slightly cohering near the apex, claw long, slen- der, limb broad, obtuse, brownish purple. Stamens forming a tube round the pistiJ. Ovary very slender. Sry.e subulate. Popunar aNp Groarapnicat Notice. New Holland is the na- tive land of this, as well as nearly all the species of Bossiwa. It differs, from the plant represented in plate 68, by belonging to the leafless section. The name which was given to this plant by Siebold in his collection of dried plants of New Holland is preferable to that which it bears at the head of this article. He termed it Bossiwa en- sata, or Sword branched Bossixa, which is highly characteristic of its appearance, and the adoption of which would prevent any confu- sion with the species Bossiza rufa of Robert Brown, which, however, very greatly resembles this plant, differing only in the keel being fringed, and the upper bracts being deciduous, and having the calyx smooth. is plant corresponds with the Bossiza rufa, of Loddiges’ Botanical Cabinet, plate 1119. INTRODUCTION ; WHERE Grown; Cutture. It was first raised in Britain in 1825. The plant from which our representation was taken flowered in May, 1837, as one of the many ornaments of the superb Conservatory of Wm. Leaf Esq., Parkhill, Streatham, which has so often furnished subjects for our pages. It will prosper best if planted out in the border of the conservatory, in a mixture of light loam with a little peat. Young plants may be raised from cuttings, but seedlings will not only make the handsomest, but the most free growing shrubs. DERIvaTION oF THE NaMEs. Bosstza, from M. Bo: agg a Sys gees of La Perouse. Rvra, from the brownish colour of the flow SynonyMEs. Boss1#a roura, Loddiges’s Botanical Cabinet, 1119. Bosst#a ENnsata, Siebold: Pl. exsiccated, No.434. Sweet: Flora Australas- tea, 5, 1. eckadalte Prodromus, IT, p. 117, George Don: Dictionary of Gardening and Botany, vol. II, p. 1 128 2 Bourne del PCE Sorte a POAC a CRUSEA RU'BRA. PINK-FLOWERED CRUSEA. EXOGENE. OR DICOTYLEDONES. ‘ Natural division ratusesi to which . Y —- this Plant belongs. So? NATURAL ORDER, RUBIACE, catycrrLora, ae oF EB Artificial divisions hag ; to which MONOGYN DECANDOLLE. this Plant belongs. OF pheetalaleng No. 82. * igs CHAMISSO. ET SCHLECHTENDAHL. Catycts tubus ovato- d supra ovarium constrictus, ae ee quadrifidus, laciniis lan- ets en hirtis, plurimis ssoriis minimis. Coronia hypocra- terimorpha, tubo elo ss apice edtles,4 fauce paid limho quadrifido. Sra- mina exserta, Srynvus exsertus,apice breviter bifidus, Fructus coccis 2 inde- hiscentibus monospermis ab axi persistente plano membranaceo calycem persistentem retinente demum solutus. SPECIES. Crusra RUBRA. ene: ET spinster use Cavis her- baceo tetragono hispido, ramis oppositis, nervis utrinque obliquis, stipulacgm setis 7-9 Hii DECANDOLLE: Prodromus y. 4, p. 567. CHARACTER OF THE Genus, CrusEa. TuseE of the calyx con- tracted above the ovary, limb deeply 4-cleft, the divisions lanceolate or linear and hispid, with many small accessary teeth between them. Coro. salver-shaped with a long tube widened at the top, the throat without hairs, the limb 4-cleft. Sramens exserted. Sry.e exserted, shortly 2-cleft at the top. Fruir dividing when ripe into two one- seeded indehiscent nuts, separating themselves from a plane membra- naceous axis which remains with the persistent limb of the calyx. DESCRIPTION- OF THE SPECIES, Cruse RUBRA. ANNUAL, erect, of several feet in height. Brancnes numerous, opposite, square, cov- ered with long stiff white somewhat reflexed hairs, each rising from a small tubercle. Leaves opposite, an inch and a half to two inches long, ovate or somewhat oblong, acuminate, entire, rounded or con- tracted at the base into a leaf-stalk from three to six lines long, hairy on both surfaces, the under side paler green than the upper, nerves diverging from the midrib, prominent and very hairy underneath. Srrputes connected with the base of the petioles in a membranous hispid sheath bordered on each side by 7, 8, or 9 erect hispid sete. Heaps of flowers terminal, surrounded by an involucre of from four to seven leaves resembling those of the stem, but narrower and very unequal in size. FLOwers pink resembling in aspect those of a Pi- melea. Catryx sessile on the receptacle, intermixed with long white and usually branching sete ; tube short, hairy; divisions of the limb rather longer than the tabie. linear, two rather shorter than the other wo. Tune of the corolla about half an inch long, slender, perfectly smooth, slightly dilated at the top, divisions four, oblong, spreading. Sramina inserted into the throat of the corolla and rather longer than its divisions; filaments slender, glabrous ; anthers oblong-linear, pur- plish. Sryie about the length of the stamens, often shorter, cleft at the top into two recurved divisions, lined on the inner side with the stigmatic surface. Loa Porutar AND GrocrapHicaL Notice. The small genus Cru- sea appears to be confined to the Mexican states, extending perhaps as far as the neighbouring island of Cuba, for the three Cape species lately added by Ernst Meyer from amongst Drége’s collection differ much in the calyx, corolla, and inflorescence, and evidently form a new genus. The present species and two other Cruseas from the same country, are perhaps the only plants among the numerous tribe of Sper- macocee worth cultivating, a tribe so generally remarkable for their weedy appearance, and which in the warmer parts of America and Asia, appear to take the place of our Galiums and Asperulas, but with a much coarser foliage and very small white or bluish flowers. The Cruseas, on the contrary, have all of them much larger flowers, of a pink or scarlet colour, especially the C. coccinea, which is perennial and has flowers nearly double the size of C. rubra, and which it would be highly desirable to introduce into this country. The Spermacocez form one of thirteen distinct tribes, constituting the very extensive and well marked Order of Rubiacex, originally proposed by the elder Jussieu, and retained in its full integrity by Chamisso and Schlechtendahl, Achille Richard, and Decandolle, all of whom, especially the author of the Prodromus, have illustrated the Order in detail. Lindley, however, in his Natural System, a work remarkable for the clear and concise manner in which the characters, affinities, and anomalies, of the Natural Orders are expounded, differs from all these authors in considering the Tribe of Stellate (including Rubia itself) as a distinct Order, and consequently changes the name of the remaining portion of the Order to that of Cinchonacee. But in this view, it is difficult to agree with him, great as his authority must be considered in most cases. The grounds of his opinion are thus stated in speaking of Stellate. ‘Usually a material dissimilari in habit, if accompanied by any clear character, whether of vegetation or fructification, is considered sufficient ground for the separation of a group of plants into two Orders ; in this case the weak angular stems cause a peculiarity of habit that cannot be mistaken, and the total absence of stipules, to say nothing of the didymous fruit, afford a cer- tain mark of recognition. Surely there is some inconsistency in sepa- rating, by the absence of stipules, Caprifoliacee which are indistin- euishable in habit, while the very same character is rejected when applied to the separation of an assemblage of genera, all distinctly combined by their habit.”. The opinion of Decandolle and others, that the apparent leaves of Stellate are in part true leaves and in part leaf-like stipules, is thus objected to. If a part of the leaves of each whorl of Galium were stipules, they must bear a certain proportion to the true leaves; suppose the whorl to consist of two leaves, each will have two stipules, and consequently the whole number of parts in the whorl must be six, and in al] cases the number must be some power of three. The frequent tendency in the whorls to vary from 4 to 6, or from 5 to 6, or from 6 to 8, seems to me an incontrovertible proof that the apparent leaves of Stellate are true leaves and not a modifi- cation of stipules.” The weak angular stems and Baoan fruit of Stellate are very common in two other tribes retained by Lindley in his Cinchonacee, viz. the Spermacocez, and the Anthospermez, and the whole of the latter tribe, and many of the Spermacocee, have precisely the habit either of some Galia, or more frequently of the Asperule; There re- mains therefore the sole question, whether the whorl of leaves in Stel- late, consists of two true leaves, and two or more leaf-like stipules, or of four or more true leaves without stipules. In the first place it may be observed, that in most Dicotyledonex, where the leaves are verticil- late, the number of leaves in each whorl bears a regular proportion to that of the angles of the stem, either the same number, double the number, or half the number; the stem of Stellate is almost always quadrangular, and the number of leaves varies from 4 to 10 or 12; which is a strong indication that only two or four are true leaves, and this is confirmed by the number of cases (especially in Asperula) where two opposite leaves are much larger than the others. In the next place, comparing Stellate to the nearest Tribes of Lindley’s Cin- chonaces \ we observe i in'many: of these, especially in Hedyotidex, Cof- ,and A , that the stipules are connec- ted with the petioles ‘of the leaves into one sheath, often very short, from the margin of which arise two opposite leaves, and between the leaves on each side, one, two, three, four, or more teeth or setz, these teeth or sete are generally, it is true, either membranous or very slen- der, but they not unfrequently are to a certain degree foliaceous, and in Gaillonia they are sometimes small and setiform, sometimes exactly like the true leaves. So in Stellate the apparent leaves are all con- nected together at the base in a sheath, very short it is true, but almost always evident, and the lateral leaves supply the place of the teeth or sete in the other tribes. Thus, when the whorl consists of four, there are two real leaves and one stipulary process on each side, as in most Anthospermee and many Hedyotidee, Coffeaceze, &c.; where the whorl consists of six, there are two stipulary processes on each side, as in many Coffeacee ; and where there are eight, ten, or more, apparent leaves, three, four, or more, on each side of the true ones must be con- sidered as stipulary processes, similar to the sete of Hedyotidex and Spermacocee. The few cases where the number of leaves in the whorl of a Galium is uneven, are probably due to accidental abortion, as they are very inconstant, not only in the same species, but in the same plant. As to Caprifoliacer, they are certainly closely allied to Rubiacee, and perhaps in this case, as in that of many of the most Natural Or- ders, a precise artificial line would be difficult to draw, but indepen- dently of the almost constant absence of stipules, there is on the one hand (as observed by Lindley) an approach in habit and structure to Saxifragacee, and in another point of view, the ordinary carpellary number of Caprifoliacez is three, and that of Rubiacee but two. G. B. InTRopUCTION; WHERE Grown; CuLrurE. The first introduc- tion of Crusea rubra into European gardens was about the year 1797, when it was cultivated in the Botanic Garden of Schoenbrunn, where the elder Jacquin figured it in the third yolume of his Hortus Schoen- not have less than 300 heads of flowers such as those in the figure. The plant grows freely in sandy loam with a little peat, it flowered in great perfection in a dry part of the stove; seeds freely, and strikes from cuttings. The habit of the plant in summer, with its beautiful foliage and yery curiously armed stem, is highly attractive. Itis a valu- able ornament, as it comes into flower in rich profusion at a time when the stove is rather barren of flowering plants.” Derivation or THE Names. CrusEa, in honour of Dr. Cruse of Keenigsberg, author of a dissertation on ubiacex, in which he first indicated the present genus. Rvsra, red from the red colour of the flowers. SynonyMes. : SPERMACOCE RUBRA. Jacquin: Hortus Schoenbrunnensis, vol. III, t. 256. SPERMACOCE sTRIGosA. Sims: Botanical Magazine, t. 1558. CrusEa RuBRa. Chamisso and Schlechtendahl: Linnea, vol. V, p.165. Decan- dolle: Prodromus, vol. IV, p. 567. ? « bie wLe DP? Withers, Tel dye e ha. be yatlin Peete. KENNE'DYA MARRYATTIA‘NA. ~ MRS. MARRYATT’S KENNEDYA. OR DICOTYLEDONE &. = EXOGENA, Fs N oe which \ —— ‘ this. pri belongs, : NATURAL ORDER, LEGUMINOS#, 4,\ Artificial “a | pacman, ¢ a XG bs to which ae mee oe this Plant ais! No. 83. CALYCIFLORE, OF DECANDOLLE. GENUS. Kennepya. Venrenar. Catyx ad aoe foo cenremeion labio superiore bidentato, orth tripartito, Corona xillam bre sot guiculatum, obovato-oblongum, s subequ uilongum, refleum, an at um, biappendiculatum LE carine ul e erentes — elongato.oblonga, hine s apice p ineurva, acuta, alas equans vel superans, Sramrna distincte diadelpha; filamento v to tn- articulato. Ovarrum plurioy atum. Sryxvs elongatus, — apice aan om- pressum, in MINA rieeaiteennd Frott- cEs volu biles aot prostrati, Fora cna trifoliolata, rarius nonnullis unifoliolatis, stipellata, Prpuncuni axillares, pauciflori, bracteati. Fuores li rubri vel violacei, Benruam in the Annalen des Wiener Museums, ¥. 22, p. 122, : SPECIES, - Kix NNEDYA Marryatti IANA. tetihngat Forrous tribus ob- longo-ovatis obtusis undulatis s petiolo brevioribus, junioribus aida villosissimis, ae bracteisque seidkin ssinllatis, pedicellis bi-quadrifloris, eguminibus villos CHARACTER OF THE Genus, KENNEDYA. ped, upper lip with two teeth, lower three-cleft. S7Tanparp with a short claw, obovate-oblong, about equal in length to the wings, bent back, narrowed at the base with two small inflexed appendages. WINGS, adhering to the keel, which is as long or longer than them, oblong, straight on the inner edge, the outer edge narrowed to the point. Sra- MENS distinctly diadelphous, the upper free filament straight at the base and not articulate. Ovary containing several an gen STYLE long, filiform, slightly incurved and slender at the apex, with a very small obtuse stigma. Legume oblong-linear, usually compressed, divided transversely by a cellular substance into several spurious ins SEEDS with a strophiola. Description or THES coarse climber; the stems, under side of the leaves, peduncles, calycess and legumes, thickly covered with white, spreading, short hairs. Sripures very broad, foliaceous, acuminate at Catyx deeply two-lip- Kennepya MarryaTTiAna. A rather Leaves alternate. h and the top, broadly heart-shaped at the base. PerioLes an ine 2 a half to two inches long, bearing three leaflets, two opposite to each other, with one stipella at the base of each, the third terminal at some distance from the lateral ones, with two stipellz at its base. LEAFLETS obovate, or oblong, blunt or slightly emarginate, sometimes with a “small point, undulate on the edges, smooth on the upper surface, hairy underneath, an inch to an inch and a half long. Pzpunctes axillary, shorter than the leaves, bearing two or four flowers, with one or two pair of bracteze connected into one orbicular one, and two small brac- teola at the base of each pedicel. FLowers large, of a rich scarlet, the standard having a double orange spot in the centre. Kerex rather longer than the wings, and almost straight. Lecume about an inch and a half long, compressed, or wan cylindrical, but not inflated, Poputar AND GeocrapuHicaL Notice. This is a true Kennedya, as this genus is proposed in the above quoted memoir, to be limited. The small blue-flowered species are there included under the name of Hardenbergia; those with bunches of scarlet flowers and short keels under that of Zichya; and others again with inflated pods as Physalobium. The remaining Kennedyas consist of five or six spe- cies, which appear to be coast plants, most of them being found trail-. ing on sandy ground. They are most of them showy, but less so than the Hardenbergie and Zichyz, for the peduncles bear but few flowers, and unless treated and trained with care many of them remain con- cealed by a rather coarse foliage. We have, however, seen specimens of the present species in great beauty. G. B. InrRopUcTION; WHERE GRowN; CuLTurE. The Kennedya Mar- ryattiana was first raised in the year 1836, by Mr. Robert Mangles, and in the gardens of Mrs. Marryatt, from seeds sent home by Sir James Sterling, and has since spread into most considerable collections. It is easily propagated by cuttings, and also ripens its seed occasionally, from which source some very slight varieties have been obtained. It should be potted in peat, loam, and sand, and have greenhouse protection. Our drawing was made from specimens in the garden of Robert Barclay, Esq. of Leyton, Essex. DERIVATION OF THE NaMEs. Kennepra named by Ventenat, in honour of Mr. Kennedy, at a time part- ner with Mr. —_ Lee, in the Establishment of Messrs. Lee and Kennedy, Marryatriana, in honour of Mrs. Marryatt, of ae, a most ct cultivator of rare aoe = Syn Pe Kennepya Marrvatta. Lindley: Siediao Register, t. 1790.