CURTIS’S
BOTANICAL MAGAZINE;
OR
Flower Garden Displayed: .
{n which the most Ornamental Fore1en Puants cultivated in the Open Ground,
the Green-House, and the Stove, are accurately represented and coloured.
To which are added,
THEIR NAMES, CLASS, ORDER, GENERIC AND SPECIFIC CHARACTERS,
ACCORDING TO THE SYSTEM OF LINNAUS;
Their Places of Growth, Times of Flowering, and most approved
Methods of Culture.
CONDUCTED
By SAMUEL CURTIS, F. L. S.
THE DESCRIPTIONS
_By WILLIAM JACKSON HOOKER, L. L. D.
F.R. A. and L. 8. and Regius Professor of Botany in the University
of Glasgow.
VOL. Il.
OF THE NEW SERIES;
Or Vol. xv. of the whole Work.
MISSOURL
BOTANICAL
What Nature, alas! has denied, GARDEN.
‘ To the delicate growth of our isle,
Art has, in a measure, supplied ;
And Winter is decked with a snt#le.
Cowper.
LONDON :
= Printed by Edward Couchman, 10, Throgmorton Street ;
FOR THE PROPRIETOR, SAMUEL CURTIS,
BOTANICAL MAGAZINE WAREHOUSE, PROSPECT ROW, WALWORTH,
AND AT GLAZEN WOOD, NEAR COGGESHALL, ESSEX:
Also hy M. Sherwood, 23, Paternoster Row; J. & A. Arch, Cornhill; Treuttel & Wurtz, Soho Square;
Blackwood, Edinburgh; and in Holland, of Mr. Gt. Eldering, Florist, at Haarlem:
And to be had of ati Booksellers in Town and Country. —
1828. a
TO
*
WILLIAM TOWNSEND AITON, ESQ.
AUTHOR OF THE SECOND EDITION OF THE HORTUS KEWENSIS, AND
THE ABLE DIRECTOR OF THE ROYAL GARDENS OF KEW,
WHO HAS HONOURED THIS WORK WITH HIS PATRONAGE AND
VALUABLE ASSISTANCE,
THIS SECOND VOLUME OF THE NEW SERIES
OF
THE BOTANICAL MAGAZINE
IS DEDICATED,
_-~~—.-WITH SENTIMENTS OF THE HIGHEST REGARD AND ESTEEM,
BY HIS FAITHFUL,
AND VERY OBEDIENT FRIEND AND SERVANT,
W. J. HOOKER.
W, 7..dal?
“wb. bv SS Crardz: Worlwe Mt Jad. (PPA
( 2791, 2792 )
ADANSONIA DIGITATA. Evnrop1an Sovur-
Gourp, or Monkiey Brean.
| MowapELrata ‘Potyanpria.
i Ord.—Bomsacez. Br. )
dy he
i ¢ _ Generic Character.
, Jae witiplck? iMeciauns Stylus longissimus. Stigmata
pos 08e hi eae 10-locularis, pulpa farinacea, poly-
ae e Nane — Synonyms
gitate, quinate, ve
s elliptical, scarcely acumi-
ical,downy. Flowers axillary,
vo 4—6 inches long,
33 two linear-lanceolate bracteas
3 withi , having five principal tubular vessels:
Calyx very large, , externally green and pubes-
cent, within pale and silky, cut into five, large, revolute
segments
segments: its substance thick,: and somewhat coriaceous.
Corolla of five spreading, at length deflexed, white, round- |
ish,. waved, faintly-striated petals. Tube of the stamens
long, ‘thick, united to the base of the petals, terminated
by very numerous, ‘spreading, afterwards recurved /fila-
ments, cag. bearing a one-celled anther, of a reddish-brown
colour astil : Ge ” , silky, ta ering upwards
into a very long, pes tyle, which is, m age,
bent down. at an jous manner, and ter-
minated by a sti, reading, pubescent
rays. Fruit, a large , downy cap-
sule, tip ith the base of the ly it is
divided longitudinally int eight to ten or or more ceils, but
in a dry state, the partitions seem to be only formed by
tough, strin
| is filled with a pulpy
substance, which, whe , becomes medullose,
aud in this thes “hese are kidney-
, brown dots, filled
mt in by. ‘the. wh cotyledons are
foliaceous,
radicle.
a nd singularly con
sANSONTA digitata, ‘THIoPIAN Sour Gourp, Mon- |
aD, Or Baozas, is a native of Senegal, It is said
‘found in reypr nd Abyssinia, and is be-
ed in many of thé warmer parts of the world.
Ba?
There seems to be no oy seer on that. it is the largest known
d around the inferior
tree ; the diameter of the trunk phos nae says, being some-
times no less than,thirty feet. ut 2 5 gomiige |
duced into Britain} according | e Hortt so.
long ago as they Ww Sx j
yet, as: may be a tree i is not likely, ino
stoves, to arrive at th
e, When its flowers and fruit may
i tru, that representations
spirits, by Mr Guitpine, from St. Vin é may be -
rally acceptable. to the Botanical world, eco
ADANSON, his visit to Senegal, tas Aven a fall inal
interesting account of this tree, and, certainly, not the least
striking circumstances respecting it are, its amas crea size,
and its great age, whence it has been called “ Arbre de
mille Ans,” and whence too, Humgoupr has been led to speak
of it as, “ the oldest organic monument of our planet.” Vis
trunk, indeed, Sreat as is its diameter; has a height by no
means
WIE. del?
*
Pub, by 5 Curtis, Walworth, Tan. LIEER.
means. proportionable to its breadth. Apanson calculates
as follows: That a tree of
1 year old is 1 In. or 13 In. diameter, 5 In. in height.
Til s:es,0 alt Samick i foot .. xs«ee« ane
ee eas oot an
RE. sas wih ciel re
3000 «css ee
PAOD 4 kine tee AS EE | ER eS
5150 e@eeee iF ocaleivws Cited dias Usleus Ae
The roots, again, are of a most extraordinary length,
having numerousramifications. In a tree, whose trunk was
only ten or twelve feet high, with a trunk seventy-seven
feet in circumference, Apanson has determined the main
branch, or tap-root, to be one hundred and ten feet long.
A figure of the whole tree may be seen in a beautiful vig-
nette, at p. 141, of Lord Macarrney’s Embassy to China,
drawn from a fine specimen in St. Jago, one of the Cape de
Verd islands. The foliage there, indeed, is not so abun-
dant as to conceal the vast proportion of the trunk, but it
often happens, that the leaves are so numerous, and the
branches spread out, drooping at the extremities, to such a
degree, that the trunk is almost entirely concealed, and the
whole forms a nearly hemispherical mass of verdure, from
one hundred and forty to one hundred and fifty feet in
diameter, and sixty or seventy feet high. |
The wood is pale coloured, light, and soft, so that, in
Abyssinia, the wild bees perforate it, for the purpose of
lodging their honey in the holes, which honey is reckoned
the best in the country. I know not that the wood itself is
applied to any particular purpose, but the Negroes on the
eastern coast of Africa employ the trunks in a certain state to
a very extraordinary purpose. The tree is subject to a
riicular disease, owing to the attack of a species of
Fores: which vegetates in the woody part, and which,
without changing its colour or appearance, destroys life,
and renders the part so attacked, as soft as the pith of trees
in general. Such trunks are then hollowed into chambers,
and within them are suspended the dead bodies of those
who are refused the honor of burial. There they become
muminies, perfectly dry and well preserved, without any
further preparation or embalmment, and are known by the
name of guiriots. ‘Vein 3
This ey like all of the neighbouring order of Matvacez,
is emollient and mucilaginous in all its parts. The leaves
dried and reduced to powder constitute lalo, a favourite
artiele with the natives, and which they mix daily with
their food, for the purpose of diminishing the excessive
perspiration to which: they are subject in those: climates,
and even the Europeans: find it serviceable in cases of
diarrhea, fevers, and-other maladies.
The fruit is, perhaps, the most useful part of the tree.
Its pulp is lightly -acid and agreeable, and frequently
eaten ; while the juice is expressed from it, mixed with
‘sugar, and constitutes a drink which is valued as a specific
in putrid and: pestilential fevers. Owing to these circum-
stances, the fruit forms an article of commerce*. The
Mandingos convey it to the eastern and more southern
districts of Africa; and through the medium of the Arabs,
it reaches Morocco and even Egypt. If the fruit be de-
cayed or injured, it is burned: the leys are boiled with
rancid oil of palm, and the negroes use it instead of soap.
The flowers are large and handsome, and on their first
expansion, as given at t. 2791, have a very different appear-
ance to what they put on in a more advanced stage, as seen
at t. 2792. There is a solitary tree planted in the island of
St. Vincent, from which Mr. Guirpine gathered the flowers
and fruit he has so obligingly sent to me, and which are
ea oer abundantly, though the plant has not attained a
eight of more than thirty feet. These flowers and fruit,
Mr. Guiipine observes, are both pendent: =>
—=—
* In Bowpicn’s account of Banjole, it is mentioned that this fruit possesses
an agreeably acid flavour, and, being very abundant, it forms a principal article
of food among the natives, who season many of their dishes with it, especially
a kind of gruel made of corn, and called Rody. Mr. Bownicu further ob-
Tas. 2791. Fig. 1 Flower and Leaf. 2. Calyx and Pistil. 3. Capsule.
4. Section of ditto. 5. Seed. 6. Embryo.—Natural size.
Tan. 2792. Fig. 1. Flower, drawn from a more advanced specimen. 2.
Portion of the Tube of the Stamens. 3. Stamen. 4, Section of the pedun-
ele.—Natural size, a
eres. Waly Orth. Sant, JAGR
Lue. by. Sf;
RID. lel ¢
(2793 )
Matva Morentl. Broap-Lospep VERVAIN
ae
Specific Characked and sean é
Marva Morenii ; hirsuto-scabra, -foliis inferioribus quin-
quelobo-cordatis inciso-cre natis superioribus quinque-
_ partitis incisis crenatisq t (pesuancy iia | terminalibus
) corym
Veron . 1816. e "Sprengel Syst.
g Tenore Prodr. FL Neap. Suppl. 1. p.
62. t. 64. Fl 1. Nesp v. 2. si
- Mave Ala B. Morenit. De 3 sae se ie v. 1p. = |
ones 5-parti
shaped, laciniated, an Veuberounte “aa of a darkish-green
colour paler benea Stipules linear-lanceolate, hairy.
ae in
( ys are accom
aed les, corymbose
panied by a pair of small :
eee, P. shorter than the flower. Calyx quinque- —
bo with the outer leaflets linear. Petals elongato-cordate,
with rather a deep sinus at the extremity, pale pinkish-
2 surple, striated. Column of filaments and Sather pale
i a ae a little shorter than the eee:
. Whether
Whether or not this handsome plant may be a variety of
Matva Alcea must “ left for “Glace observation. Hi
appearance is ve different in the ow Garden, where
it is cultivated ra seeds sent by Dr. Fiscuer of Got-
tingen. It flowers in July. :
It is a native of Italy, particularly about Naples, where
likewise the Marva Alcea grows, from which Professor
Trnore, who has seen them both abundantly in a wild
state, considers it to be quite distinct.
: Fig. L : Root-leaf.—Natural size.
ie a
ae!
eS ee
«
C28.
Ae CS. WabworkinJan 2 /.
fnb, Sy S
.
, hispid, with a few bra
petioles : :
the extremity, of whi h one oe ,
almost omits flowe
of the lower are female, the rest male. Male flowers with
a calyx of five, deep, ovate segments or leaflets, green.
Corolla of five, oblong, waved petals. Stamens 10, five
upper and five lower, all united with the base of a colum-
nar, abortive, subtrigonous pistil. Filaments spreading,
nearly horizontally: Anthers roundish, pale yellow, with a
reddish gland of union between the lobes. Female flower
with five, upright, oblong, and acute leaflets, and three
outer and smaller ones. Corolla of five, small, erect petals.
Pistil oblongo-rotundate, with a sessile, white, many-rayed
stigma, clothed with numerous soft bristles. Fruit three-
lobed, hispid.
Seeds of this Croron were sent by Mr. Locxuarr from
Trinidad to the Glasgow Botanic Garden, where they pro-
duced flowering plants in August, 1827. Pxrumier’s figure
above referred to is so ill executed, that I cannot quote it
as a certain synonym to this plant; but the descriptions of
other authors sufficiently accord with it. Probably the C.
palustre of Linnzus is searcely specifically distinct.
It has nothing to recommend it as a plant worthy of
cultivation, except, indeed, in the gardens of the curious.
2
=
Fig. 1. Male Flower. 2. Front view of a Stamen. 3. Back view of ditto.
4. Female Flower. 5. Calyx and Corolla of ditto spread out, from which the
Pistil, at fig. 6, has been removed. 7. Young Fr 8. Soft hair or bristle
LB. by S Curtzs, Walworti,
WTB delet
| dl " € 2795.)
| \ Overpium ihe ses Bor E
one
— Nei
Papen i ~ Toba ff
ges ten § antica ee inate Ara
i ' be, media wie, y Broce
thee. Pi * « tic eS
cdma stigma i. Tey
.
hemi.
£6 tai tacit une
atis. Lindl.\ 2
Oxcipium Papilio.
Ee
in
= pene lg sean with
ot m nsoutary oF bra
verse roe ie lotehs, longer
mches long, deep yellow, —
three-lobed, two lateral lobes forming a cordate base to the
lip, and dotted with reddish-brown, having a three-lobed,
whitish crest, spotted with red, the middle lobe two-toothed
at the base ; terminal lobe cordate, its sides involute, its
margins waved; a broad irregular band of red-brown
runs along just within the margin. Column short, yellow,
fringed at the upper margins with glandular soft spines, of
which the upper one on each side is the longest, lower _
down bearing two, yellow, fleshy wings, obscurely fringed
with glands at the extremity. Anther-case helmet-shaped,
two-celled. Pollen Masses two-lobed at the back, placed
at the point of a thin, ovate, membranous, white pedicel,
whose margins are revolute, and which has a large brown
gland at the base. Germen small, lineari-clavate, striated.
From the stove of the Glasgow Botanic Garden, to which
the plants were liberally communicated by the late Baron
De Scuacx, from Trinidad. The species blossomed in
1826, and again in June, 1827. It is among the most sin-
gular and most beautiful of the extensive parasitic family
with which our hothouses are now so abundantly stored ;
and is well named Oncip1um Papilio by Mr. Linn ey.
Fig. 1. Column and part of the Lip. 2. Front view of the Column, from
which the Anther-case is removed, 3. Anther-case. 4. Pollen Mass. 5.
2796.
ab. 60 3. Curtis, Walworth, Jan2 1823.
Swan st.
‘
- | 2798
Ononus SESSILIFOLIUS. Srssiue-Leavep
Brigade , iTTER-VETCH.
( Nat Ord —“Lnevurxos, 7 plain
4 Generic Cre eee ad io i zs a -
\ eet
te brevio-
Ononvs sessilifolius. ‘canlibus ealetar ciiatis, foliis
binis ternatisve. lineari subulatis mucronatis, lac
angusto-semisagittatis petit smulto longigeiba
niis calycinis subeequalibus.
Orosvs sessilifolius. “Smith FI. fee n. 692, Sm. Prod.
Fl. Grece v. 2. P. 64.” ee ‘PT Jp 0.2
p. 380. ; Se
Orosus | digitatus. Bich, ni be :
Sprengel Sy 7
Oropus Pym ah nd
- (fide Biebersteinii J a |
Oxonvs orientalis ; - angustis te ze In
centibus. Tourn Cor, p.26. NONE
\ A ee
Sake Several - stone Selecety a ‘oot in height,
erect, striated,. slightly = bescent, ‘as seen under a micro-
scope, at the base, arise from the + same root. Leaves distant,
composed of two or three leaflets placed at the
an exceedingly short footstalk, linear-subulate, with about
five strie, mateely pubescent, slightly grooved on the up-
per
per surface; whether the leaflets be two or three, they
are always accompanied by another very minute, abortive
leaflet. Stipules semisagittate, narrow, thrice as long as .
the petiole. Peduncles almost twice as long as the leaves,
terminating in a raceme of a few large, drooping flowers.
Calyx green, glabrous, obtuse at the base, five-nerved, the
teeth nearly equal in length. Vezxillum deep purple, redder
towards the base. Ale purple at the extremity. Carina ©
with an acuminated point, greenish. Stamens: nine united
and one free. Pistil: Germen linear, slightly pubescent :
Style bent at an angle, plain and broader upwards, very
pubescent on the underside beneath the stigma.
This plant is a native of woods in the mountainous parts
of Tauria, according to MarsHatyt Breserstein, as well as
of Greece, about Athens, and near Messina, where it was
discovered by Dr. Srsruorr. The flowers are very beau-
tiful, and produced, in the Glasgow Botanic Garden, early
in July, in the open air. |
Sprencex quotes the Orogus ensifolins of La Perroust’s
nae eee under this species: but Mr. Benrnam, in
his valuable “ Catalogue des Plantes Indigénes des Pyre-
nées, &c.” refers the O. ensifolius, «, of La Peyrouse to the
O. canescens of Linnzus, and the variety @ of the same
author to the O. albus of Linnaus.
a
——
Fig. 1. Carina. 2. Ale. 3. Carina of the Flower. 4. Pistil. 5. Base of
a Leaf, with Stipules.—More or less magnified,
N
ce)
tn
N
Pub.bp §. Curtis, Walworti, Jam. 1 1622
4 ¢ 2797 —
Nrorria APHYLLA. ‘ _Liraress Neort. ‘
iid
‘ j Class and Orier. i ah ai
Et Grwaynit Moxixonta. ee eS
cette eg -
& Cae
*<
Generic Character. ye
Cor. Fingens: petalis exterioribus anticis labello imberbi
suppositis; inferioribus conniventibus. Columna aptera.
Pollen —— Br. ‘| :
Specific md
Descr. hehe altogether none. ‘Scape ten inches toa
foot high, terete, glabrous below, pubescent with glands
above: clothed at the base with rather closely-placed, above
more distant, sheathing, large, m membranaceous, brownish-
green scales, gradually passing into the linear-lanceolate,
pubescent | bractee. lax, of few flowers, almost en-
tirely, as is the whole scape, ‘of a | — colour,
standing out horizontally, an inch long. The
r petals, or segments of the perianth, linear-
‘nearly s t, the two lower ones embracing
the lip, and running down below it into a rather short,
obtuse spur. The two upper and inner ones glabrous, of
the same she Deas the outer, and applied to the uppermost
Lip about as long as the petals, linear-oblong,
glabrous, ecurved, its base uniting with the two lower
exterior petals. Column of fructification as in N. speciosa
and —
At tab. 226 of my Exotic Flora, I have given a figure of
A : i ix @ cei Gv ee? af ot a
a Neortia which I have called N. plantaginea, which differs
from N. orchioides, principally, in having only a single leaf,
instead of many leaves, and that one oblongo-lanceolate, to
each scape. The present individual, which we have re-—
ceived both from Mr. Locxuart of Trinidad, and the Rev.
Mr. Guizprne of St. Vincent, and have cultivated for seve-
ral years, bears nearly the same relation to N. plantaginea
as that does to N. orchiotdes. It is, however, in all the
specimens that I have seen, both dried, and in a state of
cultivation, entirely destitute of leaves, and the whole
plant is of a singularly lurid reddish-green colour.
Fig. 1. Flower. 2. Column of Fructification. 3. Pollen Masses. 4.
Extremity of the Lip—Magnified. =
.
Pub. oy SO Cremtis, Walworth Lahl/& PP.
wya
Pitcner
: re
3 x
" “ome On—Anirowoenes) )
mer
our
Bets
;
tus, patens, i interne aca Cor.
| ; aie | 15—17, con-
eltatum sessile.
Nevenrstes distillatoria ; regen suru icoso subramoso cir-
rhis scandente, foliis sparsis oblongo-lanceolatis peti-
olatis aveniis decurrentibus, ascidi s nine gre oe
racemis oppositifoliis pro pe ae xs ramorum subsim-
plicibus Ghahian: Barb é
NEPENTHES distillatoria. Lin Bip; Pl edi 2.93 2p. 1354 ?
~~ Willd. Sp. Plo». ?° Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2. v.
~ 5. p. 420, Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1017.
NEPENTHES Phsliamphors. Lie 4. p. 458.
ee, aig Pete # B g
oo me, - sone, veg ae
pate og
betes sit os ; Dusce.
ca
Descr. Stem eight feet high, round, below slender and
somewhat woody ; above, twice as thick, and more herba-
ceous, branching.’ Buds small, and placed above the axils
of the leaves, many of them abortive. Leaves entire, chan-
nelled, undulated, glabrous, scattered, one to one and a
half foot long, exclusive of the cirrhus but including the
petiole, along which they are broadly decurrent, and which
is about three inches long, semiamplexicaul, and decur-
rent half-way to the next leaf below, veinless, or veins only
obscurely seen, and not prominent on either side till dry,
after which, several slender veins and nerves are observed,
nearly parallel to the middle rib, and reticulated with
transverse veins: middle rib strong, prominent behind,
drawn out into a cirrhus from ten to twelve inches long,
flattened on its upper side, and convolute in the middle,
enabling the plant to climb, from this point somewhat
thickened and turned down, having at its extremity an
erect pitcher, which is wedge-shaped behind when young,
afterwards in its lower half obscurely conical, above this
contracted a little, and nearly cylindrical, its mouth oblique,
with a rounded, regularly and transversely wrinkled edge,
and a round lid, connected by its posterior margin to the
highest portion of the oblique mouth, where alone the
wrinkled edge of the pitcher is interrupted: The outer
edge of this border is revolute after the lid rises, but before
this it is erect, and passes within the sides of the lid, which at
that time are folded down. Diameter of the lid from back
to front two inches, transversely it is two and a quarter
mches. Two prominent and curved ribs (between which,
and also between them and the edges, the lid, otherwise
flat, is somewhat depressed) run on its upper surface from
the base towards its anterior edge, and from the point
of their union at the base, is projected a small awl-shaped
spur, and along the back of the pitcher a nerve, which be-
comes less prominent towards the extremity of the cirrhus.
Along the front of the pitcher are two prominent. ribs, ex-
tended from the edges of the flattened surface of the cirrhus:
these are more: prominent than the nerve on the back, and
more or less completely flatten the pitcher on its ante-
rior surface, which is the heel of the wedge in its young
state. Lid at first closed, afterwards raised to about a right
angle with the oblique opening of the pitcher, and never
again closed... Before the opening of the lid, rather more
than a drachm of limpid fluid was formed within each of
the largest pitchers on our Specimen. This had a subacid
taste
A
taste, which increased after the rising of the lid, when the
fluid slowly evaporated. My friend Dr. Turner perceived
it to emit, while boiling, an odour like baked apples, from
containing a trace of vegetable matter, and he found it to
yield minutes crystals of superoxalate of potash, on being
slowly evaporated to dryness. The pitcher whose contents
Dr. Turner analysed was a large one; it had not opened ;
and the whole fluid weighed only sixty-six grains. The
upper part of the pitcher decays first; and the line at which
this is observed, is often quite defined. Our largest pitchers
measure six inches and a half from the highest part of the
oblique mouth to the lowest part of the curvature at their
base ; the greatest. circumference four and a half inches,
Flowers dicecious. Perfume offensive, resembling in kind,
though less in degree, that of the Liztrum pomponium,
Raceme solitary, opposite to a leaf near the extremity of the
branch ; its extremity nodding, till the flowers expand in
succession, when it is elongated, and becomes erect. Pe-
duncle round, about two feet and a half long, of which
about eleven inches at the base is without flowers ; pedicels
round, half to three quarters of an inch long, clustered
irregularly, and pet page bifid, supporting two flowers,
having a small subulate bractea on the lower side near the
base, and sometimes the appearance of an abortive one
opposite and nearer the flower. . Calyx four-parted, spread-
ing or slightly divaricated ; segments blunt, coriaceous,
containing honey, green within when first opened, after-
wards red in the middle ; two opposite segments slightly
overlap the two others in the bud. Anthers numerous,
collected into a capitulum: on the top of a hollow club-
shaped. pedicel, formed by the united filaments ; pollen an
abundant yellow powder. The middle rib of the leaf, the
cirrhus, the whole outside of the pitcher when young, but
its ribs chiefly when old, the pon aap every
part of the calyx which needs in the bud, and a narrow
triangular space extending upwards from the axil of the
leaf to the bud, which it includes, are covered with a rusty
pubescence; every other part of the plant. is smooth. The
whole is green except the lower part of the stem, which is
brown; but the leaves, at first darkest above, become
yellow in fading, and there is a tendency in them, and in
almost every other part of the plant, to become red, parti-
cularly in the lid, and especially its under side, which uni-
formly acquires a deep red somewhat mottled colour, though
at first it is quite green. | ? | ie ,
is
This plant is certainly the same species as the female
imen figured from the collection of Messrs Loppiegs, in
Botanical Cabinet, t. 1017, under the name of N. distzlla-
toria, and in Bot. Mag. t. 2629, under the name of N. Phyl-
lamphora. What Lixnzus meant by his Nv distillatoria
does not certainly appear, for he refers to the CanTHARIFERA
of Rumpatvs’s Herbarium Amboinense, v. 5. t. 59. f. 2.
and to the Panpura Seylanica of Burmann’s 'TuxEsAurus
Zeylanicus, t. 17.—figures of plants which differ altogether
from each other, as the first, at least, does from the subject
of the present article. If any conclusion could be drawn
from the bad figures of Piuxenerius and Grimm, to which
reference is also made by Lannaus, 1 should believe that
these also differ from the present species. The inflores-
cence in PiuKenetivus is copied exactly from Grimm, and is
certainly in great part imaginary; the rest of the figure
— to be modified from his having seen a dried leaf
and pitcher, which, however, are much more reticulated than
with us. Our plant differs from the description of Payt-
LAMPHORA of Loureiro in the stem being branched, the
leaves veinless and scattered, the inflorescence a lateral
raceme, in which the pedicels are frequently bifid, support-
ing two flowers, and in the anthers being more numerous.
In Lovremo’s plant, the stem is described as simple, the
leaves lineato-veined and opposite, the inflorescence a ter-
minal, perfectly simple spike. Our plant, however, has
only produced two branches besides the leading shoot ; and
this tendency may possibly have been given by its top
having been injured several months ago. ‘The universality
of the buds in the axils of the leaves, however, makes me
believe in the branching being natural. Near the extre-
mity of each of the three shoots a raceme is produced. Our
plant farther differs from Louremo’s description, in the lid
never closing after it once opens; but the power of alter-
nate opening and closing, even in his plant, was, probably
imaginary, as his statement of the pitchers receiving the
night-dews certainly is. The fluid which they contain is
undoubtedly a secretion, but for what purpose does not
appear. It is stated to have nearly filled one-third of the
pitcher in Messrs. Loppiexs’ plant; but with us it never
much exceeded a drachm, even in the largest pitchers,
oe Se Mag pire five drachms. The out-
Sure in Bot. _& is ve ood; but the
detached pitcher is much too Corirkebad Mi ie upper half,
and the lid is not nearly so flat as it always is ier : has
zat een
*
been fully opened. The site of the two large nerves is
occupied by prominent ciliated wings, and the base is bent
exactly in the opposite direction from that which it takes
in the outline figure, and in ‘the specimen which I have
described. We have two plants which scarcely yet exceed
the size of seedlings, in which these wings, strongly cili-
ated, are present ; and, as in the detached pitcher, t. 2629,
their pitchers are so bent at the base that the cirrhus °
between the wings. It is probable, therefore, that these
appearances are peculiar to plants which have not yet
advanced to maturity. The youngest pitcher on the large
plant has the same relative situation to its cirrhus that the
oldest has, and the same absence of wings. In Rumpntus’s
figure, the position of the pitchers is always, as in the de-
tached pitcher of the Magazine, t. 2629. The imperfect
figure given by Ammannus of his Banpura Singalensium in
Miscell. Curios. Ann. Prim. Decur. 2. t. 13. seems to ap-
proach nearly to the present species. ~
| The N. distillatoria of Linnazus is quoted by Lamarck
under N. indica, and, notwithstanding some difference in
the description, I believe this (N. indica) to be our species,
though reference is made from it to Pruxenerius, AMMAN-
nus, Burmann, and Rumputus, to the last indeed with
doubt. Where a change of name has become necessary, it
is an evil which must be endured, but as no necessity
appears to exist here, I retain that by which our plant was
universally known, at least in this country. |
Our specimen has been constantly kept in the stove, and
now produces a very striking effect, by supporting itself
on the adjoining plants, and hanging from them its pitchers.
It gives off suckers, but not freely, a circumstance remark-
ed in the female plant by Mr. Loppices. Mr. Macnas has
succeeded in propagating two plants in this way. Granam.
For the above synonyms and description I am entirely
indebted to Dr. Granam, who obligingly sent me a noble
specimen of the male plant of this most rare and singular
vegetable production, from the Edinburgh Botanic Garden
in the month of August. This species of NepenrHes ap-
pears to have been introduced into this country, according
to Hortus Kewensis, in the year 1789: but it was vie?
shortly after wholly lost to the country, till the neo
e
lent Dr. Canny of Serampore sent to Mr. Cooper, who so
ably conducts the gardens at Wentworth House, and to the
Messrs. Sueruerps of Liverpool, a ge of seed gathered
on the Circar mountains to the North East of Bengal *, and
from the liberality of these two cultivators, I believe, have
originated all the plants that are now living in the country.
The seed vessels Mr. Cooper describes as occupying a por-
tion of the flower-stalk nearly twelve inches in length, as
being an inch and a half long, and very like those of the
genus CEnoTHERA, particularly Gbienmis or muricata.
Mr. Lrnpzy has given me a specimen of our N. distilla-
toria, gathered at Sia from J. Harrison, Esq. I have
a drawing of the same species which that gentleman found
in the Seychelles Islands : so that the plant has probably a
yery extensive geographical range in India. It is to be
hoped, that the other equally wonderful species of this
enus, of which I possess three in my Herbarium, from Dr.
ALLICH, and a fourth, a native of Madagascar, gathered
by Mr. Bogen, will, ere long, be introduced into our stoves:
none can be more truly worthy of cultivation.
* Dr. Granam, in the Edinburgh New Philosophical Journal, ex vena
an idea, that the seeds were received from Ceylon. Mr. Coorgn's “shliging
communication at the moment of going to press, enables me to correct this
Fig. 1. A Flower-bud. 2. Flower. 3. Column of Stamens. 4. Pollen,
magnified. 5. Part of an Ascidium, with the lid closed. 6, Part of another
shewing a back view of a raised lid.—Natural size. A a
!
i
FAX @e7P* LRO. BY Sf Curéze, Kalworth, Feb. LLEZ8. ‘ o*
Gono.ogus. Niger. » Bia
cg iy
“( Nat. On—Arcamnes. Be) ty ik
Asclepiadea.
subrotata. _ Sem. com
~ Gonoonvs niger. Br. Asclep. in Wern
Roem. et Sch Syst. Veget v. 6. p. 61. Spreng.
Syst. Veget. v. 1. p. 846. 1
ees en Cavan. Ie. 2. p. AD. t. 159.” dale
. Px 1. p. 1255. rel a
long as the ot a
Wenn; ; but the lower
elevated into a marginal ring, within which is situated the
large six-lobed inferior corona (fig. 2.). Pistils two: Ger-
men roundish compressed in the inside, tapering into the
shortish styles, and terminating in the upper, pentagonal,
deep purple, flat corona; at the margin of which are five
brown, pendent scales, white at their upper edge: these ©
are the anther-cases; each has two cells, and two linear,
waxy pollen masses, united in pairs by a small connecting
point, which is placed between the scales, in the axil, or
sinus.
Raised from seeds sent from Mexico to the Rev. J. T.
Honrtey of Kimbolton, a gentleman, whose collection of
living plants promises to rank among the most valuable in
the kingdom for rare and beautiful individuals. The seed-
vessels, Mr. Hunttey remarks, were larger than an apple :
but in the stove, where the plant is cultivated, and where it
bears its numerous singularly-coloured blossoms in the
month of October, these flowers fall away without produc-
ing fructification.
Fig. 1. Single Flower, before the Segments of the Corolla are reflected.
2. Lower Corona, with the point of attachment in the centre of the upper
pentagonal Corona, seen at f.3. 4. Pair of Pollen Masses. 5. Pistils. 6.
Section of the Germen, to shew the situation of the Ovules.—Magnified.
aiworth, Fee. LLS2E.
-
Lab bp 8. Cartas Ka
KET Edel?
C 2800 )
- Potemonwm Ricuarpsont. Dr. Ricu-
- ARDSON’S Potemontum.
Generic Character.
Cal. ioceg lubes 5-fidus. Cin mabesanpeaanlatn, Fila-
menta bagi peiisiate. Siierpated 3. te tlic poly.
an igulato erecto,
: Saw a
~ getour a) alow. about, as th k-as.
branched at the apex, deseending
tendi ing to bind it together, very much re
Stone rect, herbaceous, gr sen, Pp ue
ranches axillary, chiefly fre ie lower. .
stem and the crown of t t, ascending,as well as the
stem, angular, and having’a slightly prominent line along
each flat side. . Leaves pinnate, with an odd leaflet, com-
mon footstalk. channelled, from the leaflets being narrowly
decurrent, and forming)a border on each side, pinne very
numerous on the root4leaves (ten to twelve pairs), fewer on
the stem-leaves, quite entire, a very few shewing a tendency
* to become lobed, sessile, rotundato-ovate, mucronulate,
oblique, pubescent below, naked above, somewhat fleshy,
middle-rib channelled, veins obscure ; root-leaves depressed
and spreading, star-like, | on. the ‘ground, at least when the
- plant.
plant is young. Flowers in terminal corymbs, buds nod-
ding, when fully expanded fronting outwards, large; pedi-
cels round. Calyx persisting, ovate as well as the stem,
branches and pedicels villous, and slightly viscid, five-cleft,
segments ovate, pointed, spreading a little while the corolla
is fully expanded. Corolla slightly marcescent, but soon —
after, falling ; perfume faint, but disagreeable ; tubular, tube
nearly as long as the calyx, yellow, and somewhat plaited
in its upper half, colourless below; limb of five, broad, —
obovate, spreading segments, minutely crenated, pale pur-
ple marked with deeper veins, darker at its base, where, on |
the outside, it is very slightly pubescent. Stamens five,
included ; filaments connivent, slender, flattened, awl-
shaped, contracted at the base, inserted into the apices of
small, connivent, hairy valves, which arise within the throat
of the corolla, siete with the segments of the limb ;
anthers sagittate, curved inwards, large, white; pollen
white. Germen small, ovate ; style filiform, equal in length
to the filaments ; stigma in most of the flowers four-cleft,
revolute, pubescent.
Seeds gathered by Dr. Richarpson in 1825, from plants
growing in d sandy soil, on Great Bear Lake, in 66
egrees North latitude, and received from him in this
prom ~ oa =e — flowered in a cold frame at
e Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, in the beginning of
Oetiiber, 1827. : rhs te net rama
I have a double reason for dedicating this species to our
excellent and indefatigable countryman. It is the first
which has flowered among the plants raised from seeds re-
ceived from him last year, and while I was in the act of
writing the description, I received information of his having ©
arrived in Edinburgh from the last successful survey of the
shores of the Arctic Sea. Granam.
_ 1 forbear saying any thing further respecting this beau-
tiful and interestin laut a present, except that it comes
very near to the P. humile of Pattas; that Mr. Menzies
found it during his celebrated voyage with Capt. Van-
COUVER, upon the North-west coast of America ; and, that I
believe my var. nana of P. ceruleum*, gathered by Capt.
Sazine in Spitzbergen, isgnot distinct. There are nume-
— Specimens in Dr. Ricnarpson’s and Mr. Drummonp’s
collections, whieh will at a future time enable me to offer .
some remarks upon the species. ese :
* In Linnean Transactions, Vol. XIV. p. 371. |
=
Fig. ¥. Corolla, 2, Stamen, 3, Pistil. 4. Stigma, with four Rays.—Magnifed:
W. Ti del? Lub. bV S. Curtis, WaluorihBeb L782R.
al
7 - a
5 marked with rings, whid :
2 - %
a ya Pomios. rz sae =
Humb. onpl. Nov. Gen. ~~ v. 1.
Poros erating | Jae. Coll. 0. 4. p.
Draconrium cordatum Aubl. Gaion. v. 2. p. 837.
"i &c. Plum. Am. p. Aas Pah
Draconrium 2 za
PL Am Burm. Bl. $8,
: M z +: 7 ‘ : aga Fe
ra * 4 $.; 36. * # ?
F ; =. '
Pook
A plant of easy cultivation in the stove, being a native ©
of the trunks of trees in the West India Islands, and of
the warmer parts of South America, flowering with us
during a greater part of the year. The fruit I believe to
be of very rare occurrence. A noble specimen has been
communicated to me, from the Liverpool Botanic Garden,
by the Messrs. Surpuerps, of which a portion is introduced
into the accompanying plate, of the natural size; the
acre of the entire meas being, of necessity greatly re-
——
Fig. A. Plant reduced to one quarter of its natural size. 1. Flower.
2. Scale of the Perianth, with a young Stamen, 3. Fully-formed Stamen.
4. Pistil. 5. Portion of the Fruit, natural size. 6. Berry. 7. Section of
ditto. 7. Section of a Berry. 8. Seed. eo Ses
ae
2802
Wh Edel ® <2b. b9 S. Curkis, Walworth, Feb 2099 "tam Ted
ra Pi! . i ve
punnY Cnixese
Pi 4 w
tibus —
brevispedieclian i aribus §
_ capsulis triloculanibus, a ~~ iY,
Back Peete ie piasireds — Smith in Linn.
cool 10 Frand.0. B94 Be 0.2. p. AA. a:
n. Pl. 7 28h, Spren e Tagg eS
a PL. 3 jag pas °
B&cxia Chinensis. Garin. a 157. t. 31.
Bacxia. ' _ Osb. et. B89 e SEE
wo
- ;
Descr. A small twig. iggy laden, with bein bark, having
very much the habit of a Drosma, frequently branched :
the younger branches dotted glands, as, indeed, is
the whole plant. Leaves linear-acerose, sharp, tapering
into a very short footstalk, having an obscure midrib,
opposite. Flowers small, solitary, axillary, each upon a
stalk about as long as the flower. Calyx of five mem-
branous, pale, almost white, roundish lobes. Corolla of five
Spreading, roundish, very shortly clawed, white, waved
petals. Stamens ten, inserted at the base of the calyx, be-
tween the — in _. Germen si aaomapseat 2 0
ae
three-celled, each cell having a fleshy receptacle in the
inner angle, and many seeds attached to it. Styles short:
stigma capitate. |
Sir James Smrru, in the Memoir above referred to, in the
Transactions of the Linnean Society, has rightly referred
this Genus to the Order of Myrtr. It has all the character
of it: the leaves and stem and calyx, and even the outside
of the petals abound in glandular dots, which in this, and
probably all the other species yield a fragrant and aromatic
scent. |
Bacxia frutescens is the only species which we are ac-
uainted with that inhabits China. It was discovered ~
BECK during his journey, and is the species upon whic
the Genus was founded. PR gehen Loo not find eight,
but constantly ten stamens. Perhaps the number of the
divisions of the floral coverings may vary to four, and then
we might t eight stamens. New Holland Bacx1a
virgata, as I have observed at p. 2694, of the former series
of this work, has fifteen stamens. —
Sent to the tome. Botanic Garden, together with a
eg number of other Botanical rarities from China, in
827, by Dr. Livinestone. It is kept in the greenhouse,
and produces its little delicate and snow-white flowers in
the month of December.
Fig. 1. Flower. 2. Upper part of the Germen and Calyx. 3. Lower
of the Germen, to shew the Cells and Seeds. 4, Se adh duaee oc on
a
4
‘aw was ‘
a ~ 2
Swat
4ud. by S. Carte sWalworth, Feb L898
Y Label?
Banksia marcescens ; fol s lai
truncatis extra medium dentato-serratis : basi acutius-
cula, -Tamis weetccey calyeibus_persistentibus fol —
Cnet nl
| Drscr._ : A shrub from four to six feet ot high i in our collec-
ultimate and younger branches
3 ntti f Leaves scattered, wo to three inches long, erecto-
, rigic |, oblong, cuneate at the base, petiolate ; petiole
f “4 inch long; truncate at the extremity, the upper
half deeply dentato-serrate, the lower half entire ; the upper
side deep green, the under white, with numerous green,
minute reticulations : the midrib is prominent on the =
side, and in the younger leaves only, downy. Amentum
terminal, large, cylindrical, of exceedingly numerous flow-
ers, placed im pairs, each pair subtended by three closely-
placed bractea, two inner and one outer one, clothed with
long, silky, fulvous hairs, the middle one having a conical,
naked point. Perianth or Calyx glabrous, greenish yellow,
with the tabe slender, filiform, the upper half separating
into four segments, spathulate and concave at the extremity,
and, in the hollow, bearing, each, ‘a-solitary anther. Style
scarcely longer than the perianth, filiform, yellow. Stigma
simple.
The seeds of this fine species of Banxsta were received
from Mr. Fraser, and, according to Mr. Brown, it is an in-
habitant of Lewin’s Land, near the shore, in the Southern
oa of New Holland. Introduced into England by Mr.
EnziEs, its discoverer, in 1794, 1 have no opportunity of
comparing the plant with the figure quoted by Mr. Brown,
im Anprews’s Repository, nor am I quite sure of its bemg
the true B. marcescens. The leaves are not decidedly ¢u-
neate, and they are reticulated with white, downy areol#.
In some respects it approaches the B. oblongifolia, but that
is described by Mr. Brown as having sericeous calyces.
The B. marcescens flowers in the greenhouse in the month
of April, and our drawing was ifintle from the Glasgow
Botanic Garden. _ | j
Listas. Bit 6es SRivdiw JS Cit ars
—
23
iy ; : nee fe
7D ei Lab oy SF Corn Bad, Wott, Feb. 7 TaR3. ona
( 2804 ).
DorsTENIA ena. Pexiza-rLownan
Se cass x
DorsTenta sabloies: invitee (abaicune| ‘polis ae ae
longis denticulatis, scapis radicalibus,
culiformibus margine squamoso-crenatis. — SE ae
Dorstenta tubicina. Ruiz et Pavon Fl. Per. v. 1. p. 65.
. 202. f. 6. ging cca oas cd gal Spreng: st.
See ep Fg
a a ae ra ; "nn ami aint Sawn”
Dave. Root large, “in proportion to the size of the
plant, woody, subfusiform, descending, truncated or pre-
a few simple, or branchi
the summit of the root
scapes.
whole plant) slightly pubescent, cordato-oblong, denticu-
late at the margin, reticulato-venose, petiolated, petiole
about as long as > leaf. Scapes about equal in length with _
the petioles, terminated by a peziza, or wine glass-shaped
receptacle, whose margin is incurved and crenated with
granulated scales. Flowers numerous, of the male there
eee? Sana ee ee ot ee
purple, — at the ae or ' mouth, and apparently
imperfectly —
imperfectly two lipped. Filaments much protruded, white,
the base, or that part within the tubercle, much dilated.
Anthers purplish, two lobed. _Pistils : Germen entirely im-
mersed in the fleshy substance of the receptacle, ovate,
having a lateral style which is protruded through a perfora-
tion in a tubercle on the surface of the receptacle, its upper
part purple. . Stigmas bifid, purple.
This rare and curious species of Dorsrenta seems to
_ have been hitherto only known, by the figure and description
of Ruiz and Pavon, as of Peruvian origin. It is now
ascertained to be a native of Trinidad, whence, by the favor
of his Excellency, Sir Raten Wooprorp, plants were sent
| fants difler fo where they flowered in
ig acquired their full
boa years
being aoative: it fskebout be cheingedaiesdn Sot leaf.
The fragrance of the root, has induced the inhabitants
of Peru, to employ it in the room of Dorstenra Contrayerva.
Pub. br S&S Curtis. Val worth. Marth tlELZ8,
wr TT Fr?
© 2805)
CALCEOLARIA PLANTAGINEA. PLatnTAin-
ge appresso ovate acuminato bifido. ee
Carceotaria pla nt taginea. Smith Plant. Ie. £. 2. Vahi
Enum. v. 1. ae fe (ese. Syn. Joret. scapiflora. R.
et P.) Spreng. Syst.
ret. v. 1. p. 43
CALCEOLARIA biflora. Lam. Enc _
Descr. From the summit of the root spring several tufts
of leaves, but almost wholly destitute of stem ; the lar,
of them four to five inches Jon g including the petiole), and
lying on ne ound, the s aller snore erect, all of
them shomboid (in the wildis a im on ndeed, 0 ne
abelliform), the u only deeply serrated, the lower
gradually ‘tapering into’ a br ‘ “a and la ole: the mid-
rth sends out lateral a nd parallel stre ng nerves, which
again give out smaller. and ‘more spreading ones; all of
which are more prominent beneath: the upper-side dark
green, scarcely pubescent ; the under side paler, and, as
well as the margin, distinctly downy, with hairs that are
Short, sometimes branched, sometimes jointed, and some-
mr + times
times continuous. Scapes éight and ten inches to a foot
high, pubescent, having the flowers in loose, umbellate
panicles at the extremity, of from two to four, and some-
times, as in one of my wild imens, of eight flowers ; the
peduncles ternate. Calyx 4-partite, the segments ovato-
cordate, spreading, externally glanduloso-pubescent and
reddish. Corolla large, horizontally inclined, nearly hemi-
spherical, yellow, the under and flat side beautifully dotted
with red: upper lip very small, closed, ovate, bifid, ex-
ternally minutely pubescent ; at the base within are two
transverse brown bands. Stamens meeting together in
front of the style, short : Anthers oblong, yellow. Germen
nearly spherical, surrounded by a green gland, pubescent;
Style rather short ; Stigma capitate, yellow.
Seeds of this plant were sent by Mr. Crurcxsuanxs from
near the Guardia, Chili, to the Glasgow Botanic Garden,
in 1826, and they blossomed in the stove in August, 1827.
Dried specimens were likewise sent by the same friend from
the same country, as well as by Dr. Gittres, who detected
it growing gee on the sides of a small rivulet which
arises a little below the Casa de la Combre, on descending
from the top of the Cordillera, on the Chiliside, flowering in
March. This gentleman had named it in his MSS. C. an-
dicola, an appellation I should willingly have retained had
not Sir James Smiru already figured and described the
plant in his Icones Plantarum, under the name here adopt-
ed. That plant, however, as well as LamArcx’s C. biflora,
which appears to be the same, are natives of the Straights
of Magellan, and herice the species seems to have an exten-
sive geographical range. Vann considers the JoveLLana
scapiflora of Ruiz and Pavon to be synonymous with this,
but that has a flower of a totally different structure.
aia
Fig. 1. Flower soon from tlie ‘undabtde? ; i Salleweir ize. 2. Front view of
a Flower, with the Lower Lip forced down, 3. Pistil—-Magnified. oe
*
PAR see e : “i a, Sw aAee 4
a2e/. L2b.bY.S. Cartis.Walwaré> Mar 7 1828
| | Maxntaria PALLIDIFLORA. Pate-
Ba : @ ‘Flowmnmp Maxutanra,
vo anthium patens, esupinatum. Labellum cum pro-
umnguiform a % column 2 articulatum, trilobum.. Fo ola
re erie a basibus cum processu columne connata
connata, glandulosa (vel 2, pedice
dulosa). Herbe parasitice
cr,
x
Maxirraria pallidi ee |
lato-lanceolato ti nervi striatoque, :
bracteis wens is, petalis erectis subequi
‘acuminate, with five principz
Scure striz, subcoriaceous.
bulbs, and proceeding from
‘ Mad der, whitish,
having
having several linear, subulate, pale, membranaceous brac-
tex, similar to those which accompany the flowers, which
are few, at the extremity of the scape, drooping. Perianth
of five deep divisions or petals, very pale yellowish green,
each lanceolate, rather obtuse, united at the base below
into an obtuse, brown, spur-like process. Lip about equal
in length with the petals, almost white, oblong, having two
obscure tubercles at the base, the margin thin, waved, the
extremity a little recurved. Column white, Anther-case
operculiform, hemispherical. Pollen Masses four, two small
and two large, yellow, waxy, attached toa whitish gland.
Received at the Glasgow Botanic Garden from the island
of St. Vincent, by favour of the Rev. Lanspown Guixpine,
and cultivated in the same way as other parasitical Or-
CHIDE# in the stove, where it flowers in September. It has
much affinity with the Denprosium squalens of Mr. Linp-
Ley, in Bot. Reg. t. 732; but, besides the different form of
the bulbs.and colour of the flowers, that plant is said to
have the pollen masses two in number, with a furrow on
one side, whence Mr. Linptey has subsequently constituted
of it the Genus Xytosium (Bot. Reg. t. 897.)
Fig. 1. Front view of a Flower. 2, and 3, Front and back view of the
Pollen Masses.— Magnified,
OLA de?*
LUD by S. Curtis, NalvorthMarcht 7898
OL _Acantaus«
71 LLEA.
moeyna; ‘Airnidlaa’ Polti:
ermaus Semina sired demas
evittea acanthifolia » foliis pinnatis elabris, lobis sub-
0: act & _racemis ee las —-
sis, Pe atytis gi t is ~~ Cunn.
Gnevintea aca thifolia. Cunningham in Field’s N. 8.
Wales; p>328>cum Ie. Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1153.
ceous
at lengtli> dis
coloured, : after sl c
sile. Germen stip
secreting abundat r nce of ~Caeg Style euryed, quite whooth,
and shining pink: Stigma flattened, yé aight vo the top
of the style, green on 1 bursting from the calyx it ca
its centre a round and prominent mass of the dark-coloured
lien.
The specimen above described has flowered in April, and
will continue to produce flowers during May, at Comley
Bank, near Edinburgh, # the greenhouse of Mr. Cunnine-
HAM, Whose very extensive Solfention has within these few
months been distinguished by exhibiting in flower, for the
first time in this country, several of the greatest ornaments
of our gardens. Among them may be reckoned Dory-
ANTHES excelsa, RuopopENDRON arboreum, and the subject
of the present article. This was procured by Mr. Cun-
nincHAM from Mr. Lee of Hammersmith, by whom it was
raised in 1824, from New Holland seeds. Granam MSS.
This interesting species of GreviLiEA was discovered by
the King’s collector, Mr. Azzan CunninenaAm, on peaty
bogs on the Blue Mountains, and banks of Cox’s river,
durmg Mr. Oxxey’s first expedition into the interior in 1817,
and introduced to this country through the medium of the
Royal Gardens at Kew. =
Fig: 1. Flower.—Magnified. -
YA dol?
Lub by £ Carey WalworlieMarcnZ JP BR
2808.
C SONG si 2)
- ry.
__Lorus MICROPRYELUS. a LL=LEAVED
fap a WRC Am Ron OPTUS. : aes toe:
: Be
~ Cal. tubulosus, 5 5-fidun,ala-venilhgiian oe
rostrata. Legumen cylindraceum vel compress
stylus rectus ; stigma oculo nudo nae
we
" ett i ann
oe
airy and reddish, ¢
coll , nto a ei head, upon Ion;
five, nearly «
side a small te crn t
obliquely
the ale is, as it were, he a
united and one free. Pisti : .
Germen linear, pubescent ; Style glabrouss Stigma capi-
tate and glandular. Legumes short, cylindrical, —-
.
by the straight, acute style; /thtee-seeded, the seeds lodged
in as many cells, sential, dotted. Embryo compressed :
Cotyledons plano-convex ;_radicle curved. ES
A graceful but small plant, and as far as my investi-
tions have enabled me-to détermine, quite a new species.
Broleseor Hornemann sent the seeds, which were gathered
by his Danish Majesty’s collector .at the Cape of Good
ope. We have cultivated it in the greenhouse, where it
flowers in July. S Sie ae
Ly
etdsi ts/ willis} S6iiay
a i
as te
eae & es eS
—~ — ss
» BOGS Na 2 ee Fo whe 5
Fig. 1. Flower seen from the underside, 2. Side view of a Flower. 3. The
Carina. 4. Stamens and Pistil! 5, Pistil: 6. Fructiferous Peduncle, natural
size—7. Single Legume. 8. The same laid open. 9. Seed. 10. Embryo.
11. Leaf, with its Stipules.—All but fig. 6. more or less magnified.
+ 9 ke Oe
3 a=) oe
3 : > .
* er ot “ pi pert ¢ ‘ .
Fags & %
stores, Top reece Porc
files RiieO> 3S MISOR iN
r
fa Be “ae r é .
CS ) geese Strerivie eprireee re e ‘tS = uric take
AF) fesse eee FU SA OL Oto VY SiSS 5 BHIDOT Siw
. z
te y x ‘*
Wit Rdect Puke by SL. Curtis, Vizdwarth, March. 7128
oe
Cal. 9-phyllus. Cor. ce
Caps. tetragona, 4-loculs
Specific
Penza imbricata ; foliis
ecussatis, floribus te mainalib us, brac ais paucis nudis
coloratis sagittatis fai minori ous, Jaciniis corolle ob-
tusis medio plicatia NY § G Ry”
Penza imbricata. Gra aM . mS. a
a
Vand cracked, branches
four-sided. Leaves ses-
loured, alternating wi
same plane. Corsila ¥ rose ©
inflated. at its base, ‘
mae a nS
Segments of the corolla, an fattached ‘6 the throat :
ments subulate, coloured : anthers large, cordate, as ong
as the filaments: pollen yéllow. Germen four-lobed, four
celled, pointed : terminal, four sided : stigma capi-
tate, four Aspe lle
Raised from of Good Hope seeds, kindly communi-
cated to.the Royal Botanic Garden of Edinburgh by W. T.
Arron, Esq. Granam —
—— —
—
. Flower cut open'to shew the § Stamens and the Pistil.
3. and 4. Back and Front view of the Anther. 5. Section of the Germen.—
Swan
<. Curtis. Nalworti: March LIP PE.
Pad. by
WF L.del?
wg oe ‘lowe olitary, on short
icles, Wien eins Som eppontc the leaves, and _—
ve,
have, in their middle, three subulate bractee. Calyx of five
se green, concave, oblong, acuminate, spreading leaves.
etals obovato-oblong, yellow, waved. These flowers are
succeeded by erect, pod-shaped, somewhat angular, acumi-
nated capsules, varying in length from one to three inches,
five-celled, five-valved. Each valve has two rows of ovate
brown seeds. ; eg
This plant is said to grow spontaneously in Asia, Africa,
and America; and was introduced into our gardens, accord-
ing to Parxrnson, in 1640. Seeds were sent to the Glasgow
Botanic Garden by Cuartes Texrair, Esq. from the Mau-
ritius, and from them the plant was raised from which our
figure and description were taken. It possesses little
beauty to recommend its continued cultivation ; but it isa
plant with which we may wish to have some acquaintance,
since, as its name a or it has been extensively cultivated
in Eypt, Syria, and other parts of the East, as a pot herb.
In Egypt, Forsxat tells us, it is abundantly planted in
gardens, and is called Melokych by the Arabs. Oxivizr
says the Egyptians eat the leaves during the whole summer
in ragouts, or simply boiled, drained, and seasoned with
olive oil ; and, in India, it is equally employed as an article
of food. It is besides said to possess slight medicinal qua-
lities ; to be emollient, a sweetener, and a. pectoral. It
flowers in the stovein July. cy mec
ia . é
( 28 ) : \y J
SALPIGLossis ATRO-PURPUREA, oD
Cal. 5-partitus, Bet io af ;
limbo 5-lobo. Filam. 4 tum aisechinf Saat apice dila-
ba Fo
quarter to an’
i cal, often nearly el tica! ‘or ova
tical, Roath nd folded back from the middle rib, iunaiiesl:
ents generally blunt and entire Ciel ctlintc sharp,
and | occasionally toothed on their sid es, decurrent along the
, and on the flowerin,
_ Flowers on loose, ter-
minal poate ' Pedicels opposite to, or alternate with the
, stout, slightly curved up , as well as the stem
_and branches cylindrical. Calyx persisting, oblongo-ovate,
five-cleft, segments acute, five-angled, a "Gor deep green,
mad he intervening spaces ess and rugose. Corolla large, i in-
aa
*
serted into the receptacle, veined, rich deep purple within,
more lurid on the outside, funnel-shaped, tube cylindrical,
twice the length of the calyx. ; throat much inflated, a little
more on its lower side, and half as long again as the tube ;
limb spreading, five-cleft, segments obcordate, the largest
above, the two smallest below. Stamens four, didynamous,
with the slender. rudiment of a fourth between the two
longer, inserted into the orifice of the tube of the corolla ;
filaments slightly flattened, purple towards the anthers,
stamens inserted higher in:
garden of Mr. Nes, Cannon Mills
sent by Dr. Gruuies.. Both the species hav:
in the stove of the Royal Botanic Garden,
_ September, and will conti
_ seeds having been sent 1
sHANKS, in 1826. Both:
by Ruiz and Pavon,
this respect.
—GraHAM,
Swenre Se
CO'aSES! yor 2 baa
ARUM CAMPANULATUM. Campa r
, Arum. 1
Cass and 1 Onder, |
-Moxceora ‘Mowanoars.
¢ Nat. Ord —Anomen. Pe :
sa | Generic Character: ft oe
Spatha mnonophylia® Poncallata. Apis “ nudus,
inferne fomineniy medi o stamineus. :
+
from the leaf, and is very largeandshowy. From the top
of the tuber arises a short, green, spotted stem, or peduncle,
having. numerous, stc¢culeut. radicles, thrown, out from its
very base, and two unequal, lanceolate, membranaceous
sheaths or bracteas. This’ short sfem bears a very large
subcampanulate purplish spathe, of a somewhat coriaceous
texture, much waved ‘at.the margin, greyish, spotted with
white on the outside, within whitish towards the middle,
and reddish-purple at the very. base. . Spadix ten inches to
a foot high ; its lower half (that part covered with pistils)
cylindrical, above (where the stamens are placed) much
dilated, and at the top expanding into a large, waved,
deep-purple, granulated head. Pistil: Germens numerous,
somewhat spherical, purple: Style cylindrical, purple:
Stigma capitate, waved; yellowish. Anthers sessile, ‘<
numerous, oblong, obtuse : each four-celled, opening wi
pores'at the extremity. © © (90 8 Ainge |
The first I knew of this extraordinary plant was throu;
the medium of my friend Dr. Srrane, who obligingly
brought me from. M. Spanoeue, from Java, a. noble speci-
men of it in spirits. About the same time, a living plant
was sent from’ Madagascar by Mr.:'Tet¥am to Ropert
Barciay, Esq. at Bury Hill;-in whose superb: collection,
and under the skilful management of his gardener, it soon
prodiced its flowers: and; from @ drawing kindly sentto
me by that gentleman,:aided by my specimens'preserved in
spirits, the accompanying figures were taken:
-\ Although the: plant ‘had: beea long réprésented and:de- _
scribed by Rumpnius, Ruzepe, and Commexin;| yet no
systematic botanist. seems ‘to: have noticed / it; «mtil: Dr.
introduced it into the. Hortus Benghalensis,ut- —
der the name which I have here retained. Wé dre! there
toldithat its Sanskrit name is: Kunda, and»its: Hindoostani-
~ Muncha-kunda: that it is not.wncommon on the Continent
of India, as well as in the Archi o: and that in the
‘Northern ¢ Sy ity GulVatad aod alved as the POU
ne Fa us, and as the Yams in the West Indies. The roots
often weigh from four to eight ormore pounds each, Com-
paid aig it from Ceylon, and cultivated it at Amster- —
dam, but never saw it produce its flower. . RomPxivs
Tacs ed to consider the flower of this to belong to his real
‘dasa 5. t. 113. £1. Both he and Rugepe speak of
the root being employed nedicinally by the ative
9. ng, 1; Leaf about one quarter the natural size. 2. Flowering Plaat ditto
4. Anthers. 5. Section of ditto.— Magnified.
Curtis. Walworth Avrit £ 2028.
rad
‘i.
Pub. by
Pirearrnta bra
_ °°“ “tus bracteis ca
yp hs ical ycis, etal
(excl. Syn. P. si
arRntA latifolia
:
lower flowers, and there very short. Calyx half superior, of
three, erect or slightly twisted, lanceolate, reddish leaflets.
Petals three, curved, nearly regular, convolute, red ; at the
base of each furnished with a large, white, crenated scale.
Stamens shorter than the petals: filaments white: anthers
linear-oblong, yellow. Pistil : Germen half-inferior, the
superior three-lobed, tapering upwards into a filiform,
white style. Stigmas three, shortly fineur, twisted. Cap-
sule tri-angular, or forming a double three-sided pyramid,
= base os seme with ae fleshy base = eb
e upper part cov e persistent, withered flowers,
three-celled. Seeds on scrobiform.
This is assuredly the same plant as Repovutr’s P. latifolia,
which is the P. bracteata, «2, of Hortus Kewensis. But I
cannot agree with the author of that valuable work in con-
sidering the P. sulfwrea of Anprews to belong to the same
species. Independent of the colour of the flowers; they
are much larger and the petals, as represented both in the
Bot. Repository and in the Bot. Register, are very different
in shape from those of our plant: nor do the bracteas ap-
pear to be so large in proportion to the flower. __
The spike of flowers in our specimen is young : a spike
of seed-vessels now before us is thrice the length off the
flowering plant. Communicated by Messrs. SHEPHERDS,
from the Liverpool Botanic Garden, in January, 1828; to
which valuable establishment the seeds were sent in 1825,
by Mr. Exuiorr, Staff-Surgeon, from the island of St. Vin-
cent. We have fine dried specimens from the same island,
gathered by the Rev. L. Gurtpine. es.
ns
————————————————
Fig. 1. Flower. 2. Petal. 3. Stamen. 4. Pistil. 5. Capsule. 6.
Section of ditto. 7. Seed—All more or less magnified. .
244
AMY. OD oh Cartas Walworth An~27g98
Bet
Lycorrrstcum E
rotata, 5—6-loba. esky
ra udi-
“Cat 5—6-p Cor.
conice, me
naliter dehi
Lycopersicum perut
foliis inzeque
-_ptipulatis,. “y folio
slightly petiolate, more or less remote, with or without
smaller ones between them, all of them pubescenti-tomen-
tose, and often hoary. The pubescence is mixed with
glands, which cause the plant to be somewhat clammy, and
which yield a rather powerful odour. At the base of the
etioles are small rounded stipules, one on each side.
eduncle lateral (not axillary), bearing four to six corym-
boso-racemose flowers, which are drooping. Peduncles and
pedicels bracteated with bracteas resembling the stipules.
Calyx not one third the size of the corolla, of five, lance-
olate, spreading se its, two, or four of the segments often
cohering in pairs, the margin and back pubescenti-hirsute.
Corolla large, rotate, deep yellow, the segments reflected,
waved, and margined, acuminate. Stamens five, united into
a firm tube, and terminating in a hollow, horn-like process:
anthers opening by two longitudinal clefts inwards, the
whole resembling the stamens of the plants of the Class
Syncenesia, only that here the short filaments as well as
the stamens firmly cohere.° Pistil roundish, pubescent.
Style longer than the stamens, filiform, hairy below, gla-
brous above; Stigma globose.
Raised in the Glasgow Botanic Garden from seeds sent by
Mr. Cruicxsuangs from Valparaiso. It produced its blos-
soms in the stove in November. Ruiz and Pavon tell us,
that it is found in the provinces of Lima and Chancay, and
Frvitiée observes, that it grows in the clefts of rocks on
the shores of the sea. The fruit which we possess in the
Herbarium is spherical, orange-red, about the size of a pea,
and pubescent. In the dialect of the country the plant is
called Tomatte cimaron, or Wild Golden Apple. Indeed,
Sir JAMEs Smirx (see Ress’s Cyclop. article Sozanum
Lyeopersicum) does not feel satisfied that it is distinct from
the common Love Apple, or Tomato; but had he seen —
living specimens of the two, he would, I think; have felt
satislied of their being specifically different. Rozmer and
Scuutres quote with a mark of doubt Jacgurn’s figure in
the Icones Rariores, because Linnzus describes the leaves
as being not interruptedly pinnate: but both kinds of
leaves are often found on the same plant.
a : “= —
3 ;
Mageincd me *- Staminal Tube Inid open. 3. Calyx and Pistil—
Swan fe:
ed:
eo age
CLL: NAEV CI HLAWES LP
M2 I. tert
pyr 2?
| sae ee ; seg) . mig . :
Pevintkian 5-partitum. ‘Tecaenlau ti 5, CS a: ob im i
faceum ovario longiorem, apicibus
sque dentibus i interjectis. Anthere ee mmr E
dritaic Ai pub Heenti-pilosayh Aste b boas
S - oblongis basi stieniidtis, capitulis terminalibus
: 4 osis diphyllis, bracteis dbus majoribus
pias iO daria oO. b Eee
‘ lob OS . Lin ? A
flexed. Heads of Flowers at first
Ming thos ofthe common Tre,
white. Bractee three to each flower : the outer one small,
roundish, acuminate, membranous, scariose, greenish, tipped
with purple : two inner ones three or four times as large,
resembling the calycine valves of a grass, and in like
manner including the flower, purple, carinated, carina
winged and serrated. Perianth of five, lanceolate, mem-
branaceous, scarcely coloured segments, enveloped within
and without almost to the point with a delicate woolly sub-
stance. Tube of the stamens rather longer than the peri-
anth, cylindrical, membranous, reticulated, white, termi-
nated by five bifid teeth, within which, between the notch,
in each tooth, a sessile, linear, one-celled, yellow anther is
inserted. Pistil shorter than the tube of the stamens,
globose, ‘Gack into a short style, which has two «linear
stigmas. sule or Utricule containing a single, reniform,
brown, pedicellated, compressed seed.
Introduced into Britain from the East Indies so long ago
as the year 1714, and extensively cultivated as a favourite
ornamental plant in the gardens of the rich, and in. the
windows of the poor cottagers ; yet so far neglected by the
Botanist, that it has not been honoured with a figure im any
British publication that has come within my observation,
The structure and colour and texture of the flowers when
accurately examined are highly beautiful, but, like those of
the Class Syneenesia, require nicety and care in the dis-
section and analysis. The generic name is altered from
Gromphena (ypage, to paint) which Puiny applied to the
Three-Coloured, or Painted Amaranth, a t naturally
allied to this. Both floral coverings of that 2
liarly = and imperishable nature as to have me ited the
name of Everlasting, and hence they are considered in
many countries as the emblems of friendship. In the East
Indies the common Globde-flower is formed into garlands to
ornament the hair, and to adorn instruments of music at the
festivals : and in the South of E , for the tis now
cultivated in almost every part of the al
decorated with it in the winter.
As a tender annual, the GompHrEeNA sa requires to
be raised in a hot-bed, and planted out during the summer.
~ Fig. 1. Front view of a Flower, with its three Bra 2. Back view of
ditto. 3. Flower. 4. Portion of the Staminal Tube. 5, Pistl 6. Uti
cule. 7, Seed.—All more or less magnified. ha py
?
|
2516.
want
Luh Ev Sf
VS. Cirits, We
S. Nalworthderel..
LL8 23
CA Ca
Curtis del?
“a! ove Mowe) sonal Goto
Justicia CALYCOTRICHA, ‘¥muow.
ALO WABED, hn stam
Cal, ye featus. | Co - tabinia’ “anthigte
3 SE ibus. | ‘aps. -ovalis, 2-locu-
biloculares, loculi
laris, ose dep et tinacula seminum
ase Se 4" 5
, dence calyoneian ulis parallel:
*-terminali pineatv -ealyce 5-partito. Bass seecs
ngissimis, corolla labio inferiore tripartito revolut
superiore recto apice recurvato emarginato visi |
~~ cordato-oblongis repandis glabriuseuli : x Calin
J USTICIA cealycotricha. Link.” » Spreng. % get. vol.
IV. part 2. p.18. : 4 Fe
Jusricta calytricha. pe i
J USTICIA flavicoma.
a
z
7
aa Fs
' ’ 5 ‘
\ .
Descr. —— two rp ed feet high, =a inde,
“green, htly turned near the joints. 2
upon es from one to four cls" ong, ‘diedate,
dato-ovate, or even approaching to lanceolate, waved and.
* scarcely serrated, to the nak eye appearing
, but when seen under the mi exhibiting
numerous short, clavate hairs, more abundant on the nerves
ial, yell Panicle terminal, close. Flowers large, beau-
ow. Calyx deeply five - partite, the segments
; 3, sometimes glabrous, often clothed with a minute
pubescence,
pubescence, similar to that of the leaves. Corolla two to
three inches long, quite glabrous, the tube angular: the
upper lip)straight, narrow, the apex recurved, emarginate,
the lower-lip tri-partite, revolute. Stamens exserted. ]
Syst. Veget. v. 3. p. :
Lp. | : '
Spreng. Syst Veget. v. 1.
a7 oe] i
a. lV
eae
ewe ing stems. Leave.
rotundato-ovate, de arent: on nearly flat petioles, which
are longer than the leay nted or. blunt, a few
: es, pol
hairs on the surface, chiefly at t
deep green above, pale below,
Peduncles terminal, four-sided,
upright, bent nearly horizontally wer, free
from bracteas. Calyx tetraphyllous, leaflets lanceolate,
or lineari-lanceolate, more or less spreading, green. ~ Co-
rolla hypocrateriform, tube equal in length to the calyx,
contracted below the insertion of the stamens, and above
this point pubescent without. Limb spreading, four-parted,
segments oval, approaching to obovate, acute, white, with
an obcordate yellow stain at the base of each segment of
the
estitute of prominent veins.
about three inches long,
the limb, and these being confluent, surround the faux
with a yellow margin. Faux four-sided. Stamens. nearly
sessile, inserted into the tube of the corolla, at about one
third of its height. Anthers lear, oblong, yellow. Ger-
men inferior, quadrangular, bilocular: Style very slender :
Stigma bifid, large, exserted.
This plant flowered in June 1827, in the nursery grounds
of Mr. Cunninenam, Cowley Bank, near Edinburgh, at
the same time with the Potyeata paucilora. Both were
brought from North America by Mr, Buazr, and the subject
of the present article was found by him, on the tops of the
mountains of New Hampshire, surrounded by abundance
_ of Menziesia cerulea and AnpromepA hypnoides. Granam.
Fig. 1. Front view, and 2. side view of a Flower. 3. Faux of the Corolla
shewing the insertion of the Stamens. 4, Pistil. 5, Leaf.—All more or less
magnified. | ;
2823.
WIZ del?
£20. BPS Curtin Wizilwo ?27t, dhay ZZP9E ewes”
, Monaxpna.
( Nat. Ord —ORCHIDER. )
Generic Character.
Labellum articulatum, cur ‘ren A, iformi, cujus
lateribus petala antica Q nata. Masse a pollinis 8. Br. ’
OcToOMERIA $e , foliis lineari-lanceo-
latis divtichia : serratis, racemo ter-
minali paucifloros
Descr. Parasitic, Ste: even inches high, erect,
two edged, a little waved, cloth 5d with many distichous,
linear-lanceolate le, striate d, ‘i re orl less carinated, rather
rigid leaves, she athinn ag gat t se & the s apex denticulato-
serrate. Race ne c ered ring small brac-
teas at the . ot long sheathing
bases. Pr , ily spreading, lan-
iat 7 “the ey zag’ on
wniveeith ong, short
ith a ickened,
n semicylindrical,
‘oO la , each di-
totwo. Poll Masses eight,
Mind of union very indistinct.
the pollen in each anther
was established by Mr.
pecies, the Denpro-
A se@ond species is
described
“ Figured at Tab, 2764 of this work.
described by Mr. Don, as:a native of Nepal; and now
a third species, the subject of the present plate, has been
detected: in: the’ Organ mountains, near Rio Janeiro, by
Wituiiam Harrison, Esq., and by him introduced to the col-
lection of his sister, Mrs: Arnorp Harrison, of Aigburgh,
near Liverpool, where it flowered in November, 1827, and
by whom it was kindly communicated to me. The habit
of the plant is, indeed, considerably different from that of
the species already figured in this work, but in the struc-
ture of the flower, and in the essential. generic characters,
they are the same. —
Fig. 1. Front view of a Flower....22 Side viewsof the Labellum. 3. View
of the upper side of ditto. 4. Inside view of the Anther-case. 5. Pollen
Masses.—All more or less magnified.
b
7 7.
Pad. op f Curtis Walworlle. Mapa
WAR aAsl?®
tee
Sia PAs es,
Cal. 4-fidus. Cor. ie 3 c aps. bilc Listy: dissepimen-
tum e marginibus yalvarum., . ice ma paleacea, — ;
Bs
Speci ake Chan
~ lanceolatis aaah ie .
ferrugineo ani bo tome 1€
_ pedicellis 3- forts, SF
Buppiea SRE crs i: 3
_ Diet: t. 69, Ver 8p
ae el y:
rub, having a cot-
Descr. A twiggy a ¥
. Leaves opposite, re-
tony and obtusely four-sided stet
SS mote, oe quite entire, dark g , ‘on the
‘upper surface, andwrinkled umerous reticulated
, below cottony, whi e, or inclined to rusty : : the same
otha ; substance cloathes the petioles, which are an inch or
more long, and the peduncles and the pedicels. ' ‘The flowers
are numerous, and placed in an erect compoui raceme ; the
pedicels ‘an inch long, spreading, a ring three,
or in the k ar L of the : stem, sometimes fi e and
__ having a sw
oval, four-too
cescent, eas rath
spreading, the margin ay no
J
downy, within quite glabrous, and of a bright reddish ©
orange colour. Stamens four, inserted just within the
mouth, at the sinus of the segments. Filaments very short.
Anthers oblong. Pistil: Germen rounded, downy : Style
filiform, as long as the tube and reaching to the stamens :
Stigma clavate.
This is a very desirable inmate of the stove, and may pro-
bably be found sufficiently hardy to bear the greenhouse.
The stem and underside of the leaves, clothed with a dense
white or rust-coloured tomentum, form a singular contrast
with the dark green of the upper surface of the leaves, and
with the rich orange colour of the flowers, which yield a
- powerful honey-like smell.
It is a native of Madagascar, and appears to have been
first gathered there by Sonnerat, who gave it the name of
Vigne de Malgache. Seeds have been sent to this country,
by Dr. Watticn, from the Botanic Garden at Calcutta ;
and we had the pleasure of seeing it flower, and the oppor-
tunity of figuring it at the Botanic Gardens of Edinburgh,
and Kew, and Glasgow, almost at the same time, namely
in the autumn of 1827.
In the expansion of the flowers, the lowermost open first,
and of the three on each pedicel, the middle one, according
to Dr. Granam’s observations.
a
- Fig. 1. Pedicel with its three Flowers. 2. Calyx with the Pistil. 3.
nied removed from near the summit of the Tube of the Corolla—Mag-
ny ° c ‘
Pub. By:
Charice, Wale orth Mal ld 2b,
Prqgioitsl 2825° ) an
» »
Diosconea “CINNAMOMIFoxrA, 7 Sriouagios:
LEAVED Diosconra, or Yam. |
SERRE |
4,
_ Class and Order.
HEXANDRIA eG Spr. /(Drceora Hiexanonia. i L4nn.)
wn
( Nat. Ord.—Droscorez. ) — &
Generic Character. — +4 . » LA
Flores dioici. Pertanthdas simplex, 6- itum. C -
sula trilocularis. Semina alata. Sor part *
%,
7. Specific Character. ke aX 3 ‘s
Drsediens cinnamomifolia ; cau Benet striato 5 pelingae nae
pubescenti-hirtis, foliis | ngis acutis triner-
Viis coriaceo-subearnosis, Feces Simp vel com-
positis. /
Duscr. Root a fobudigh, ill-shapen_ wile as Are as
the human head. Stem twining, branched, striated, and
pubescenti-hirsute, hairs brownish: whole plant destitute
of prickles. Leaves alternate, pete dim o ongo-acumi-
nate, quite entire, of a_ re between coriaceous and
fleshy, shining, having | ree distinct nerves or ribs, which
are prominent on the under side, where the leaf is of a paler
green, and where, near the base, are some dark dots or
lands: the margin itself, when held between the e 8 and
the light, is seen to have a thin pellucid margin. Petioles
ey three-fourths of an inch, to an As long, — like
the . Racemes ways solitary, ax- _
illary, . on reartns ; pedicels branched, —
each with a lanceolate Pabion. Perianth eee , deeply
six-partite, the segmen ts spreading, oblong, yello
Stamens six, opposite to the divisions of the ] perianth. o The
Jemale flowers I have not seen. | oe !
: Detected
-
io de Janeiro, by Winn
ced
to the valuable
ana,
4B
2E.
<
Kalworth, Jiitt DLE.
op SS. Eur ees.
Lue.
WAH del?
( 2826 2827..).
Cycas CIRCINALIS. BRrOAD-LEAVED
CYCAS.
Lo ABR SRSdsbsisisebeleleoaeoak
Class and Order.
~ Diacia Poryanpria.
r § (Nat. Ord.—Cycanex. Pers. Br. Rich. )
Generic Character.
Fil. dioici. Mase. ameniacel 5 > amentum crassissimum,
in, utroque margine eer ane nf eg erecti.
ae Poi:
a tereti ; _foliis coronantibus, pin-
Specific Chniacior and Synonyms. ,
Cycas. Catinglia < foliorum pimnis lineari-lanceolatis planis
petiolis aculeatis spadicibus foemineis paucifloris acn-
minatis j ciso-s prrati, fructibus ovato-globosis gla-
bus. Hae Sx 2
Crcas circinelis.. Linn, Sp. Pl. p. 1658. Burm. Fl. Ind. p.
240. (excl. syn. Breynii, Sebe, et Kempferi.) Willd.
Sp. Pl. v. 4. p. 844. Pers. Syn. Pl. v. 2. p.631. Lam.
Encyl. v. 2. p. 231. (* excl. Sebe Syn. Sup. Il, A25. in
observatione.”) Ait. Hort. Kew, ed. 2.0. 5. p. A09.
Hamilton in Linn. Trans. v.15. p. 81. Hamilton in
mment. on the. igen gos Pp 19. Annales du Mus.
ist 25, 26 2 4 “Graham nn of Rare Plants in
Cycas
a
*
incl
from the extremity, pinnated, with linear-lanceolate, nearly
Cycas frondibus pinnatis, foliis lineari-lanceolatis, stipitibus
spinosis. Linn. Fl. Zeyl. p. 393. (“« excl., nisi Ratt, sy-
nonymis omnibus.” )
Toppa panna. Rheede Hort. Malab. v. 3. p. 9. t. 13—21.
Ouvs calappoides e Celebe vel ex insulis Ulasseriensibus.
Herb. Amb. v. 1. p. 87, 89. t. 22, 23.
Pata Indica; caudice in annulos protuberante distincto.
Rati Hist. 1360. =
Descr. Mate Prant. Trunk, when attaining its full
hte from fifteen to twenty feet high ; in the individual —
om which our drawing was taken, and to which I shall
confine my description, between four and five feet, and half
a foot in diameter, of an equal thickness throughout,
marked with the scars whence the old leaves have fallen,
but scarcely annulated ; between which scars, the trunk is
shaggy with the old, and jagged downy scales or stipules,
which accompany the base of the leaves, and which are
yet in a perfect state at the top of the stem: these are
cordate and turgid at their base, and very much acumi-
nated. From amongst them, and at the very top of the
stem, is a crown of most beautiful foliage. The spread of
the leaves is twelve feet, each six and eight feet long,
uding the petiole; for three quarters of the len i.
orizontal, plane, subflexuoso-falcate pinne, from twelve
urteen inches long, dark green on the upper side,
paler beneath, quite glabrous, having a strong, pale mid-
rib running through the centre. Rachis unarmed. Petiole
swollen at the base, clothed with ferruginous, evanescent
down, and unarmed ; upwards glabrous; and spinous at the
margin, from abortive pinne. The young leaves have a
fo beautiful appearance, being of a delicate pale green,
and having the pinne singularly involute, like the young
fronds of a Fern. .
From among the crown of the leaves, at the top of the
trunk, and — if not entirely sessile, is the male amen-
tum produced. ‘This is between four and five inches long,
ovate. Scales large, loosely imbricated, ferruginously
downy ; the lower half tapering, inserted horizontally, the
upper half takes a curvature upwards and tapers into an
erect, sharpened, and long point. Upon these scales, on
the under side of the lower half, the numerous Anthers are
crowded
° 2827.
ferereaeee ees es
= ==
‘ 2 ¥6%,
‘Eps
of? dared
aoe
‘ai
i
WTR ale Pub. by S Curtis, Walwortc June 21696. pire?
crowded together, sometimes alia’ sometimes two, three,
or four together, i in which latter case the opening of each
anther, which is one celled, is interiorly. othe. consistence
of ery: a Pigs mes ‘onan within them a pale
yellow po ich, 1 ve seen it in it perfect
is roundish, angular, and pellucid. | oe
The Finite nape ich I hade not seen, accordin
to Ricuarp, throws up ikepise from the extremity of the
trunk, among the leaves, a cluster of numerous spadices,
(tab. 2827, f. 1.) a foot long, somewhat imbricated, clothed
with a reddish down, of a ‘thick coriaceous texture, the ex-
tremity lanceolate, acuminate, and serrated, tapering below.
Beneath the rn gah the margin is broadly sinuato-
_ dentate, and within eac projection, or tooth-like process,
is, pointing upwards, a cavity, in which is almost half
immersed the solitary female flower. The same author,
Ricnarp, takes the following view of the structure of each
flower. It is subglobose, about the size of a pea, and
resembles a naked pistil, slightly depressed at th
- there having a small, c ndrical,
combing ee Ta 2827,
flower, ¢ i i ically;
th, mapa
drical mouth. or li
taceous portion of the caly KX; da%
substance filling the internal cavity of fl
hering to’ ‘the half-immersed germen
superior and free part of the germen.
and amongst them Mr. Brown, seem rather
consider the female flower as a monosperm nus pistil,
no proper floral envelope. Of the female fructificati
have only seen the perfect, "deed and of that but a sing] thee
cimen, W which’ I have tee figured. Jn it I perceive not
to militate against its bemg ricatithts of any floral envel
hence I shall adopt the terms simpl mig plied to a
considering the whole as a Dri abo the size of thal
of 4 w . roundish-oval, labrous, reddish-
orange, aving a small perfor rai at the top, f.3. The
outer pulpy pees is about half a line thick, which sur-
* Not é slihitd hefhces acca, I may refer to the Section of the
female flower, tab. 2827, f. 2, which will ually serve to illustrate Ricnarp's
ideas of the fruit. The germen, f. ¢, being with him of course the fruit; his
Nucleus still immersed in the fungous substance, f.d. All without that (his
calyx) equally accompanies the fruit as ‘the flower. ‘This fungous substance,
however, did not exist in my fruit. }
rounds
rounds the. corneous or subosseous thinner ,coat. ;Imme-.
diately within that, and free from adhesion with it, is a
beautiful membranaceous lining, of a rich brown. colour,
marked with longitudinal veins, as seen when held up be-
tween the eye and the light. A portion is represented at tab,
2827, f.5. a. It immediately surrounds (but has no con-
nection with it, except at the very point) the almond, or oval,
carnose, yellowish-white albumen, having a depression at
the top conducting to the embryo, which is imbedded ina
cylindrical cavity in the upper half of the albumen, attached
by its radicle to the upper extremity of the cavity by means
of a flat, white, membranaceous filament, which 1s curiously.
folded, and so ign mene as to occupy a very small space
in the top of the cell, but which may, without rupturing it,
be drawn out to the length of an inch and a half, or two.
inches. Cotyledons two, straight, cylindrical, flattened in
the inside, one a little longer than the other, and closely
applied ; but easily separated, and thin at the base. _F. 7.
is seen lodged in a cavity of the two cotyledons, the plumule
of two lobes, in this instance. Radicle conical, tapering
into the curious filamentous stalk above mentioned,
Of the four species of Cycas, now enumerated as being
cultivated in our gardens, only one has hitherto been re-
corded as having flowered with us; namely, the Cycas
revoluta, of which a description and a splendid figure has
been given by Sir James Situ, in the sixth volume of the
Transactions of the Linnzan Society of London. _ It was,
therefore, with no small pleasure that 1 was invited, by my
excellent friend Dr. Granam, to visit the Edinburgh Botanic
Garden, in the month of May, 1827, for the purpdse of
seeing the Cycas circinalis, which had thrown up from
among its noble crown of leaves, a perfect Male Amentum.
From that plant my figure and description have been taken ;
and in order to render its history more complete, I have
copied a female spadix from Ricuarp’s inestimable work
on the Conirer#, together with a female flower; and to
them I have added an analysis of a ripe fruit, which was
sent to me from St. Helena, by the kindness of his Excellency
General Warker. The species has beer cultivated. in
our stoves for upwards of a century ; the Sloanean MSS.
in the British Museum, as quoted in Hortus Kewensis,
stating it to have been introduced in 1700, by the Earl
of Clarendon ; and it is, assuredly, one of the most orna-
mental of all plants, but requiring a great deal of space for
the display of its leaves. Its native country is the eat
7 Indies
Indies, especially the Molucca Isles, where the fruit is eatet,
and where a substance is said to be taken from the stem,
resembling the Sago produced bythe trunks of many Palms
But this is probably a mistake; at any rate, it is by no means
from this tree, as some have supposed, nor from an species
of Crcas, that the Sago of the Shops.is produced, but from
a species of Sagus*, a true Palm, though from what parti-
cular species; or whether any one: exclusively, does’ not
appear to be yet ascertained, Im the’ gardens and plan-
tations. towards the,sea-coast of the Southern provinces of
Malabar, according to: Dr. (Bucuanan) Haminton’s Travels.
in'the Mysore, vol. 2. p. 469, the Cycas circinalis, called
Indu by ‘the natives (Toppa panna’ of the Hortus Mala-
baricus) is very common ; but it:grows spontaneously from
the:nuts that accidentally fall. The nuts are collected ;
and having been dried for a month in the sun, are beaten
in a mortar, and the kernels formed into a flour, which
the natives eat and call Indum Podi.. It is reckoned supe-
rior to the flour obtained from the stem of the Ermmpanna
+ The Date Palm, which in all probability afforded the Palm leaves
that were strewed on the to welcome our Saviour's entrance at
Jerusalem. . ‘This plant is cultivated at the Isles d’Hytres, San Remo, Nice,
Genoa, &c. and more especially at Bordighiera, a small place of the Sardinian
States, in the territory of Genoa, where it constitutes a very important article
of commerce, in the exportation of the leaves. They are sold in the spring,
fur Palm Sunday, and in the autumn, for the Passover of the Jews. Several
vessels quit’ Bordighiera with this singular freight, and some go so far as
Holland, where great quantities of the Palm leaves are bought by the J
2
us, adorn their temples on festival days with the leaves of
the Crcas circinalis, because they do not soon fade ; and
on this account the Portuguese call them Palma de’ Igreria
or Armatoria das Igrerias. At Rouen, on Palm Sunday, I
have seen the leaves of the same plant carried in procession,
and which had been procured from the Botanic Garden there.
The natural family to which this plant should belong
has engaged the attention of various Botanists ; it has even
been questioned in which of the three great classes of
the vegetable kingdom, the Monocotyledones, the Dicoty-
ledones, or the Acotyledones, it should be placed. Linnaus
ranked it among the Palms, but at the same time, justly
observed “‘Foliatio circinalis more Filicum peragitur ;” Jus-
seu and Venrenart, along with the Ferns; Jacguin, in an
artificial system, considered it to belong to the Class Diacza,
and Order Potyanpria; Smits looked upon it, along with
Zamia, as constituting an intermediate Order between
the Patmz and the Fruices. In Persoon’s Synopsis, the
Natural Order Cycapez is established; and the place of
it suggested, corresponding with the ideas just mentioned
of Sir James Smiru. Our learned countryman, Mr. Brown,
in his inestimable Prodromus Flore Nove Hollandiz, bas
placed the Order the last of the Monocotyledones, immedi-
ately before the Dicotyledones; calling the embryo, indeed,
pseudo-dicotyledoneus. 'The true structure of this E
is now completely ascertained by the labours of Du Pert
Tuovars, and the late admirable Ricuarn; and this latter
has determined it to have the closest affinity with the
Dicotyledonous plants; and amongst them, with the Cont-
FERZ, near which he consequently places the Order. Here,
however, it must be acknowledged that the natural habit
and aspect of the vegetation, are sacrificed to minute
differences in the fructification. In the structure of the
stem, in the mode of growth, in the situation and appear-
ance of the leaves, the Cycas has the closest affinity with
the Palms, and is in these particulars as far removed as
can be from the Pines.
On the peculiar structure of the flowers, especially the
female ones, of Cycas, Ricuarp, has written fully in the
Mémoires sur les Coniféres et les Cycadées ; and Mr. Brown,
in the Botanical Appendix to the “ Narrative of a Survey of
the Coast of Australia,” p. 554. To them I must refer my
_ readers for valuable information on that head. Those dis-
quisitions are too long to be here introduced, and too 1m-
portant
portant to be injured by curtailment. They are slightly
noticed in the above description of the female flower.
I may here point out some differences which will besfound
to exist between the figures in the splendid work of M.
Ricuarp, and those here given. There, at tab. 24, the
stems, as in Rueepe’s figures, are very strongly annulated;
more so, as Dr. Hamirron remarks regarding the latter,
than he ever observed on the growing plant; and which
have, probably, that gentleman thinks, prevented Dr.
Roxguren from quoting them in his Hortus Benghalensis.
The male amentum too, at fig. A., is more pedunculated
than in our plant, and the scales of it far more closely imbri-
cated. Again, their scales, represented of the natural size,
at tab. 25, are more elongated at the base, and very much
less so at the extremity. At tab. 26. fig. D. the true fruit
of Ricuarp, (f. 5.) which corresponds with what I call the
seed, is represented, as more than half immersed in a fun-
gous substance. This I did not find to exist in the only
individual I examined, but which was in a state of great
perfection. Immediately within the subosseous covering,
was the brown membranous integument enveloping the
albumen: the albumen, (nucleus of Ricnarp), fig. D, E,
is far broader at the base than in my specimen, and the
embryo, occupies a much greater portion of it. This
embryo, too, f. F, G, has the cotyledons united for the
greater part of the length ; whereas, I found them, though
closely applied, unquestionably divided for their whole —
length, and easily separated without causing the slightest —
rupture, as far as the plumule, which, in rf vases was
formed of two lobes; in Ricuarp’s figure H, f. 2, of one.
Tan. 2826. 1. Cycas circinalis, Male Flowering Plant, reduced to about ,';
of the Size of the Plant of the Edinburgh Botanic Garden. 2. Male Amen-
tum.— Natural size. 3. Upper Side of a Scale of the Male Amentum. 4.
Under Side of Ditto.—Natural size. 5, 6, 7. Anther. 8. Pollen.—Mag-
nified. 9. Small Pinna from a Leaf—Natural size.
Tap. 2827. 1. Female Spadix (copied from Ricuarp). 2. Single Female
Flower.—Magnisied ; also copied from Ricuarp. The letters are referred
to in the description above given of that part. 3. Fruit.—Natural size. 4.
Partial Section of Ditto, the Pulpy Coat being removed from the upper part.
5. Section of the Albumen, showing the Insertion of the Embryo, a portion
of the membranous covering above described remaining at a. 6. Embryo,
with its filamentous Stalk drawn out. 7. Portion of the Embryo; one
Lobe of the Cotyledons, 8, being removed to shew the Plumule,—Mag-
nified.
ree. LLE2E.
Tp
Walworth 7h
LU tie
WF Dial
© ead *
ane
ay sa Niece. és $5
speek rie ( Na t. Ord. —Soumtcns. )
: 4 J
C 2828 )
Souanior’ Banorsirs ¢ var. PURPUREA. —
ine Bia Class were ‘One.
Wee “psy Km Sy
: oe. 4
- Peminoiors Monoorsas,
l ce persighinines ie monope
eré oblonge, apice poris duobus de cen
Seo a Mag iad}
yi srmit alib
29,6 3.fD. Room
At
_ (florum) cymosis lateralibus
te ) floribus albis. = = a
Soxianum Balbisii. Dunat sale:
et Schultes Syst. Veget. v. Po
Veget.v. 1. p. 687. Bot. Mag. t. 2668.
Soranum decurrens. Balb. = et Descr.
Soranum sis ectheifoliu the Eney a: et eee
Soranvm inflatum. Hornem. | re ay n. 0. 1. p. Zak,
ca ;
So.anum viscosum. Lage jp. p. 10. n. 145,
Soranum brancefolium. :. Bs 14. t. iE ma
©
‘Dean. Shoipold Mir dina Tp Three feet idehana
branched ; stem, leaves, ped cle, “and calyx palbeseenti~
hirsute, glandular, and armed with numerous, deep o
coloured aculei, from one or two lines, to three- fourths of a
an inch long. Leaves on long petioles, narrow, ovate in _
their circumscription, deeply pinnatifid, the segments sinu-
ato-lobate: their aculei arise from the mid- rib and prin-
cipal
cipal nerves. Racemes cauline, four to six inches long, bear-
ing very large flowers, which are subcymose, and which, in
fruit, are much elongated. Calyx 5-fid, small, afterwards
becoming, as well as its aculei, vastly enlarged, and persist-
ing with the fruit... Corolla rotate, beautiful bluish purple.
Stamens five, equal, free; anthers yellow. Germen globu-
lar: style short, stigma capitate. Fruit globose, as large
as a cherry, yellow-brown, orange when ripe, surrounded
by the enlarged and somewhat inflated calyx: two-celled,
with three fleshy tite ee in each cell, to which are at-
tached numerous reniform, margined seeds.
This highly beautiful variety of Sotanum Balbisiz, has
been raised from Brazilian seeds, by Roserr Barcray, Esq.
at Bury Hill, where the accompanying drawing was made
in November of last year. The fruit is no less singular
than the flowers are shewy, for it is large, and covered with
the enlarged calyx, and its richly-coloured aculei: so that
the plant is highly deserving a place in every stove. I
may observe, that there is, in Mr. Barctay’s collection, also
raised from Brazilian seeds, a third variety of this species,
ome pale blue flowers, and shorter and paler coloured
aculel.
Fig. 1. Stamens. Magnified. 2. Fruit, with its rsistent, and enlarged
Calyx.—Natural size. a * ie :
Lub. by F. Curtis
! -
Miadwor?h, Jit LLbGG ©
2829.
Swedes?
al
=
GP),
FRANCISCEA Hores Nae Snonr-FLowsnep
Ss
Cal-porsis stens, inthstus, can mia bos, 5 DS ie :
dentibus equalibus. Cong .hypocrateriformis ; limbus
5 he! sy otundatis, repandis,
rea incum bentib Dis pice in nflat oincurvato. Stylus
cr n D _ Capsula ovata, bilo-
i - d ahd.
eolatis glaberri-
_ mis, fi floribus (pler erum a) ie \ramis brevibus fo-
~ Tiosis tet ibus, | srolig X ca re campanulato
. g specimens, s0- .
y two toaeioess
}, NO one, or Reis yer
thule, vith
with. the tube,
limb of five:
,» the mouth yello bare
the lower margin. Stamens four, didynamous ; filaments,
subulate, purple, decurrent : Anthers transverse, one celled,
glabrous, upon a thickened. apex of the filament. Pistil :
Germen ovate, two celled, situated within a fleshy ring ;
cells having many seeds attached to a rounded, central re-
ceptacle: Style filiform, thickened, compressed ; the epi-
dermis corrugated, especially upwards: Stigma (not bifid)
gaping; with a green, viscid, fungous substance at the
mouth for retaining the pollen.” Lendley MSS.
Seven species of this genus have been figured, and de-
scribed by Dr. Pout, in his splendid “ Plantarum Brasilie
Icones et Descriptiones hactenus inedite ;’’ which genus,
that author has dedicated to the Emperor of Austria,
Francis the First. Yet, of those seven species, not one
can be said so entirely to accord with the present, as to
enable me to satisfy myself, that it is there described.
Either the individuals of the genus, therefore, are liable to
much variation, or ours must be reckoned a new species.
It differs remarkably from all, particularly from the few
flowered kinds, by the shortness of the tube of the corolla.
And that, in this respect, the plant is not liable to vary
much, we may conjecture from the circumstance, of the
wild specimen I have received from Wm. Swatnson, Esq.,
gathered by him at Pernambuco in Brazil, being exactly
the same. The F. uniflora of Pout comes, perhaps, the
nearest to it; but, that I possess from Dr. Marius, and
the tube of the corolla is at least twice as long as in our
plant, and the leaves are more inclined to obovate.
The specimen from which the accompanying figure was
taken, flowered in the stove of Roperr Barcray, Esq.,
at Bury Hill. It was first sent from Brazil, by Marsa
BereEsrorp, to his sister Mrs. Tuomas Hops, of. Deepden,
Surry, who has thus been the means of introducing to our
stoves a most interesting and desirable plant ; for not only
are the flowers of a rich purple-blue colour, but they are
excessively fragrant. | mire! |
Mr. Linptey had already made some sketches and notes
upon this plant, which he very kindly communicated: to
me 3; and of which I have availed myself in the above :de-
' Fig. 1. Calyx. 2. Portion of the Corolla with the Stamens. 3. Pistil.
Pies ogo upper part of the Style. 5, Section of the Germen.—
agnified.
Eee de! Pu. by §. Curtis, Walworth, June 1148.
Oxatis RosEa, a. Rosz-coLoureD: Oxauis.
ed
a y Ora® * ‘agi <
Decanpria Penracynta.
Cet ee ee
oak Generic Character. , ‘ oaks
Cal. 5-sepalus, sepalis liberis aut basi coalitis. Pet. 5.
Stam. 10, filamentis basi breviter monadelphis, alternis bre-
vioribus. Capsula pentagona, oblonga aut cylindracea.
a pee ' FT Z / 2:
(a.) floribus majoribus petalis lineatis roseis apice crenatis.
Oxatis rosea. Jacg. Oxal. n. 5. p. 23. De Cand. Syst.
Veget.v.1.p.693. . Vd
ee Peo « Lehmann. in Litt.” Bot. Reg. t.
Oxauis racemosa. Lam. Dict, v4. p. 684.
Oxys roseo flore erectior, vulgé Cullé, p. 733. t. 23.
(8.) floribus minoribus, petalis vix lineatis rubris apice in-
tegerrimis. \ iF a :
Oxauis rosea. Sims in Bot. Mag. t. 2415.
ate
_ Descr. Stem herbaceous, erect, much branched, terete,
glabrous, subpellucid, leafy. Leaves ternate ; leaflets ob-
cordate, minutely hairy, sessile upon the common peduncle,
which is about an inch long, swollen at the base. Pedun-
cles numerous, four to five inches long, glabrous, swollen
at the base, at the extremity bearing two, forked, few-
flowered racemes, with a solitary pedicellated. flower in the
axil. Pedicels, at first drooping, in flower erect, in fruit
refracted. Calyx of five, ovate, acute leaflets, bearing two
Y >
yellow, oblong glands,at the.points. Corolla large, showy.
Petals obcordato-cuneate, somewhat clawed, the base white,
the rest‘rose-coloured,,marked with darker lines, the extre-
mity crenate. Stamens ten, inserted upon a five-toothed,
deep, cup-shaped, hie foe nectary.:. the five longer
filaments within the teeth; the five shorter ones situated in
the sinuses of the teeth. _Anther roundish, yellow. Styles
hairy ; Stigmas capitate, glandulous,
Raised from seeds, sent by our friend A. CruicksHanxs,
from Valparaiso. It is one of the handsomest, if not the
very handsomest of this beautiful Genus, rising to a height
of a foot, or a foot and a half, and covered with the ae
rose-coloured blossoms, which it bears for very many weeks
in succession. We have hitherto, in the Glasgow Botanic
sarden, kept it in a cool part.of the stove, where it pro-
ripen its se¢ el .. The flowering season with us
mises to ripen its seed
has been March and April, Lined
It is assuredly the O. floribunda of Leumann and Linptey.
The Oxatis rosea, with small red, scarcely lined flowers
figured at p. 2415 of the’ Botanital Magazine, may, pro-
bably,-be a distinct species. Ours is surely the “ Oxys roseo
flore, erectior, vulgo Cullé,” which comes from the same —
country, “ moist humid places in the kingdom of Chili, in
the thirty-seventh degree of South latitude.” The Indians
there make use of it mixed with other plants as'a dye. _ mS
=
\ Fig. I. Petal. 2. Flower deprived of the Petals.» 3. Stamens enclosing
the 4. Portion of the nectary with Stamens.—Magnified. |
: : Se ae SSOTHSSBI RELIA ZF
PT Ea ei?
LUD. bY S. Carti Walworth, June LOGE
i? hiwy : a7) Aug
a
Class
oo f See
ss Gnanps
¥ -) s f ;
raer. t
Z a . Sy
> f7 &
at. Ord .—Orc
7 f + it. ee
. y ¥ PAT RIO
Generic Character) |
Pye
h spre eading,,
from the circumstance
re rgin, the alee watarkably
race Ra conceal the column, at the
obes ‘nearly equal, short ; the mid-
h waved at the margin: at the base within, is
a
a cs
Siegen Hee
a large, fleshy, oblon gland, or tubercle, grooved in the
middle, white, with red lines. Column much shorter than the
labellum, semiterete, greenish and white ; its plane side
beautifully streaked and dotted with red. Stigma large,
concave, with a triangular Bab ors lip above it. An-
ther terminal, deep purple, fixed by its back, four celled,
containing four deep-yellow, plano-convex, waxy pollen-
masses, joined in pairs by means of the stalks, which are
pressed against the edges of the pollen-masses, in the same
way the radicle of the embryo of many cruciferous plants
is turned up and pressed against the cotyledons. Germen
resembling a eelice!, club-shaped, streaked and purplish
upwards. |
SF ronk the collection of Mrs. Arnotp Harrison, of Aig-
burgh, near Liverpool, where it flowered in the stove,
in the month of February, 1828. It was introduced into
the garden of that lady ‘by her brother, Wittiam Harrison,
Esq. of Rio, who gathered it in the neighbourhood of that
It would ap unnatural to arrange this singular Or-
chideous lant thong with the splendid seule of CarrLEYA:
yet, in point of essential character, it is very closely allied
to it, and like it, unquestionably belongs to Mr. Linpuey’s
tribe of Eprpenprex. I have, however averse to multiply-
the Genera, already so much increased, of this family,
felt myself under the necessity of giving a new name to this
plant, which I have derived from the circumstance of the
column of fructification being inclosed in, or wrapped round
by, the labellum*. It is not, however, in this particular
that it differs from Carrera; but, simply, in the decidedl
straight, not inate flower, in the less patent S,
and in its very different habit. | Sa
*
* Encyclia, from syxyxAsw, circamyolyo.
Fig. 1. Flower. 2.:_Labellum inclosing the Column, in their uatural puil-
tion. 3. Front view of the Labellum. 4. Column. 5, Underside of the
Anther-case, 6. Pollen Masses, more or less magnified.
2852. :
— Swan Se—
Valworty Jura. ! 02F
SO Chles
WS dele
rs
Descr. Stem ascending, numerously branched with flexile
twiggy brane ches. Leaves alternate, linear - ae
entire; glabrous, on ot footstalks. Flowers axil
i = sii et yg epee of the calyx twice as short as the pe
Pe of the corolla broadly obovate, entire, of a deli.
cat re lil ¢ colour, with a purple ne in the centre of each.
Ve 4 Filame nt: s of t the stamens unequal, four long and four short.
_Anthers \inear- oblo yellow. Stigma deeply four lobed,
e yell es sessile, linear, an inch and a half
>, cylindrical, destitute of furrows, and glabrous.
t ‘present | handsome species of @Enoruera is allied to
/ ovit, CE. purpurea, CE. rvoulnera, and CE.
» from all which it is manifestly. distinguished by the
capsule. Its nearest affinity is with
it isa far more robust and yet pro-
cumbent or ascendant plant. In the Seon of the petals
there is moreover an approach to Gi "quadrioulera, but
ere
here the flowers are much larger, quite entire at the mar-
gin, and the capsule is terete or cylindrical, not furrowed.
It is a hardy annual, a foot or eighteen. iyches in the length
of the stems, flowering in the open border, from June till it
is destroyed, by the frosts; hence it is a) most desirable
inmate of the garden. Douglas.
Introduced by the Horticultural Society fromthe North-
West Coast of America, where it was found in 1826, in the
FUT IOI
Fig. 1. Stamens, 2, Stiguia.—Magnifiell. 3 Leaf from the lower pat
of the stem.——Naf. size. 2 ; .
nS ft.
pee ARS aR ie ey aE
Swatde
ee
Lle.
Valvarth, Sidr
J. Carles
Prue ey
L¢
( 2833. 28H)
ARTOCARPUS INTEGRIFOLIA. i Jack Tree, or
ENTIRE-LEAVED Breap Fevrt,,...i5°
pp Nat. ont ees )
: en ald Character.
Flores siientbiels. Mase. Perianthium ery ‘aid tri-
phyllum, Filamentum longitudine perianthii. Feu. Peri-
angel ee ve Gontttscty. Bacea com posi "a
.
: _ramulis propriis eaulis. ne ae Baia:
Auteci artis integrifolia. Linn. i p. 412. Wil id. Sp.
| Pl. 0. 4. ps 189. Roxb. PL Corom. v. 3. p . 46. £. 250.
Spreng. Syst. Veget. v3. p. 804. Ait. Hew: Kew. ed.
1B eobo ps 22h: e
ArtocarPus. Jacg. Lam. EB Ic 0.3. p. 209. ‘Mustr. t. 16.
Artocarpus heterophylla. Lam Eneycl. v. 3. p. 209._
Rapemacuta integra. “ Thunb. Act. Holm. v. 36. p. 252.”
fieoeones nh a. Gaertn. Fr fructo1-p. 345. t. a
104. t 30 a 3.
“A
per
Dasot ‘This forms a. riod nizedities in the West Iindies,
to the height of thirty feet, with a diameter of
eleven or twelve inches: but in the East Indies, Roxsurca
asstires Us, the circumference of the trunk is from eight
feet “covered with dark -coloured, _deeply-cracked
very pi art of the tree yields a copious milky juic
ounded. Branches numerous, spreading in every
Seas and forming so large a top, and so thickly ae
wit
with leaves, that Bory pr Sr. Vincent informs us, they do
not leave the smallest passage for the ne of the sun.
Leaves four to six inches long, bursting from a pair of
large, deciduous stipules, varying much in different parts of
the plant: those of the fertile branchlets are such as are
here represented, nearly obovate and entire: those from
the higher branches are more obovate and oblong: whilst
those produced by the young shoots from the root are often
very narrow, or cut into two or three oblong lobes, making
an approach, as Mr. Guitpine observes, to the leaves of
Arrocarpus incisa. All of them are of a thickish, some-
what coriaceous texture, smooth above, rough with minute
hairs beneath, somewhat obtuse at the point, at the base
attenuated into a short footstalk.
The flowers, both male and female, are produced not
only on the same plant, but, generally, on the same pecu-
liar branchlet, springing from the trunk of the tree, or some
of its main branches. The male mostly appear laterally,
the female solitary and terminal. Sa
ale Flowers exceedingly densely crowded on the out-
side of a large, fleshy, peduncdiabed, central receptacle, so
as to constitute an amentum, very minute ; consisting each
of a single stamen, having a flattened, white filament, and a
two-lobed, yellow anther, included within a two, more
rarely a three-leaved, single perianth, of which the leaflets
or scales are oblong-obtuse, downy at the top, about equal
in length with the stamen. A transverse section shews
these beautifully radiating from the circumference of the
spongy centre. This amentum is at first covered (and
frequently accompanied by a leaf) with the stipules, which
thus seem to act the part of a spatha. | |
Female flowers equally surrounding a large, fleshy recep-
tacle, much crowded, so as to form an oblong, tuberculated
mass of flowers ; each of which consists simply of an oblong,
tubular perianth, green, contracted at the mouth, which
surrounds the pistil in the same manner as the urceolate
perianth of the Genus Carex: convex, and generally hex-
angular at the top. Within is seen, at the base, the small
ovate germen, bearing from its side the white style, whose
simple, clavate, curved stigma passes through the aperture
of € perianth. In advancing to maturity, this amentum,
or spadix, as it might be called, swells in every direction,
and es a muricate or papillose, compound, fleshy,
oblong Jruit, of a yellowish colour, and of most enormous
size, often exceeding seventy or eighty pounds in weight,
and of a structure that deserves more particular consider-
ation
S. Carts, Walworth, July 11828.
if
¢
Pub,
in the centre, ‘the on receptacle, and surrounding
e circumference, we find two
brown : this has a/ double integument ;on removin
outer one, a brown, inner coat appears, and the 7 at
the to becomes Visi ole >on separating this, the embryo,
(t. 2834, f. 14.) destitute of albumen, comes in sight, and the
two very unequal cotyledons are distinctly seen. 3
This highly interesting and (in our gardens) rare plant, having
flowered in December of last year, (1827) in the stove of the
Edinburgh Botanic Garden; and having besides received a splen-
did series of drawings of the fruit, as well as flower, made from
the living plants in St. Vincent, by my often-mentioned friend,
the Rev. L. Guiipina, I gladly embrace the opportunity which
is thus afforded me, of Sabfishing its figure and description in the
Botanical Magazine. 14 fe
any parts of the continent, and of the
It is a native of very many 2
islands in the East Indies, especially the Molucca Islands, and,
according to Roxsurau, is cultivated yery generally through the
warmer regions of Asia, on account of the use that is made of its
fruit and seeds. This curiously muricated fruit, which appears to
vary considerably in shape, as to its comparative length and
breadth, Mr. Guinp1N@ reckons among the largest that is known ;
often weighing, as we have already stated, seventy or ve ae
pounds, The fleshy part of the fruit is eaten in the East Indies ;
but authors vary in opinion in regard to the quality of it; yet all
allow that it is difficult of digestion. Mr. Marspen says, it is
of a rich, and, to strangers, too strong a smell and flavour, but
which gains upon the palate, Inthe West Indies, “it hasa strong,
sweetish, and, to some persons, offensive smell, and is but seldom
eaten ;
eaten; and when rotting under the tree, the odour is highly
disgusting : in this state affording support to hundreds of Curcu-
lionidew, Staphylinidee, Forficule, &c.” (Guiupine MSS.) The
seeds, however, are allowed by all to be good, and even when
roasted, to have the taste of chesnuts. In Amboyna, the bats
greedily devour this fruit, and, passing the seeds entire, thus
aid the more extended propagation of the plant. In Ceylon,
where the tree grows most plentifully, and where it attains the
eatest size perfection, it forms a considerable — of the
iet of the natives, at particular times of the year. ‘The unripe
fruit is also used pickled, or cut into slices and boiled, or fried in
Palm oil. The wood itself is like mahogany in colour, when it
has been for some time exposed to the air: and in some parts of
India, is on that account employed to make furniture of. It is
more commonly employed in building houses, for which it is well
suited. From the juice or milk, a very viscid bird-lime is made.
The tree seems naturalized in the West Indies, particularly in
the island of St. Vincent. It was probably introduced there by
the late Dr. AnpErson, and constitutes one of the peculiar fea-
tures of its Botanic Garden. Mr. Guinpine says, Mh inter-
esting account of that establishment, ‘* Assembled together are the
various fruits transplanted from the islands of Asia and other
distant lands, or the nations of the Antilles, attracting by their
nectared flowers, the gaudy humming birds. You behold the
Bread Fruit (Artocarrus incisa) of he Friendly Islands, the
most precious gift of Pomona, and the Jack of India (ArtocarR-
Pus integrifolia) bearing its ponderous fruit of sixty or seventy
Saree on the trunk and arms—huge deformities for the lap of
The Flowers have a sweet smell, and are produced, in the
tropics, in the months of January and February. The fruit ripens
in August and September. |
We see no reason for making two species of this plant as
Lamarck has done; for it is very certain, that, as far as leaves
are concerned, the two kinds, with entire and cut leaves, are
found on the same plant. The different quality and flavour of
the fruit described by authors, probably depend upon cultivation.
Into England, the Jack Tree was introduced in 1778, by Sir
Epwarp Hucues, K. B.
Tas. 2833. Fig. 1. Small Branch of the Jack T
Female Amentum, and the two Bractez, enclosing anoth
Spadix : reduced to one-third of the natural size. 2. )
ral size. 3. Ripe Fruit, very much diminished,
Tas. 2834, Fig. 4, Male Flower,-or Stamen, with its two-leaved Peri-
anth. 5. Female Fiower, or Pistil, enclosed within its monophyllous Perianth,
6. Germen and part of the Style. 7. Portion of the Ripe Fruit, less than the
natural size. 8. Abortive Female Flowers : one of them cut open below, to
shew the Pistil within. 9. Ripe Fruit, natural size, surrounded by the
enlarged, soft, fleshy Perianth. 10. The same cut open to shew the Fruit
within, the Pericarp already beginning to burst and shew the seed within.
11. Seed. 12. The same deprived of its Outer Coat. 13. Section of the
same, 14. Embryo, taken entire from the Seed.—Fig. 4, 6, and 7 only,
magnified.
e, with a Male and
er Male Amentum or
Amentum, natu-
“
\ CHPTCS Waiwortin file 22828.
ee
Lid, PP J
LA dal¥
ee eee ae ee ee ee
lai one 6 G-pattite. - Rlamdet Evens ‘incrassata, : bene
inserta. Stigma trifidum. Bacca 3-locularis, ulis 2-
ip rte epee | pia # ee ;
Dbscaua aoa Graken m
Sours, 1827, p.175.
emained on a great par
off for want of ro
ie aes p, ana
wh several off lt the |
the Be , and, pushing ,
~~ anicle terminal, grid.
ep owering,
= = e axils of which
# iBig aD” 0
scafcely
Bractee
tine Teaves in miniature, quite entire, the pai becoming
smaller
smaller upwards on the panicle, at the lower branches of
which there are two, one large, below the branch, the other
much smaller, and above it. Flowers sessile, numerous,
scattered, and highly perfumed. Corolla six-parted, revo-
lute, afterwards approaching by the apices of the segments
and withering. Filaments subulate, at length revolute :
Anthers small, green: Pollen yellow. Germen ovate,
green, trilocular : Style somewhat tapering upwards to the
three-cleft stigma. Every part of the flower, except the
germen and anther, fine. white. Granam im Jameson’s
Journ. | . |
Since the above was printed in the Edinburgh Journal,
this plant has produced abundance of fruit, which Dr.
Graunam has been so obliging as to send to me. It con-
sists of white, fleshy, nearly orbicular berries, about the
size of peas ; having at the base the withered corolla, and
at the extremity the faded style. The top of the berry is
marked with - rays or short furrows, indicating the
three cells which exist within: and these are crowded with
angular, shining, deep-black seeds, fixed to a receptacle in
the central axis. At the base, or point of attachment, is a
white ae or strophiolus.
The plant, from which the accompanying figtire is taken,
flowered in May, 1827, in the greenhouse of the Edinburgh
Botanic Garden, having been raised from seeds seit by Mr.
Fraser of New Holland ; but without any namie’ or state-
ment of the particular ntry ‘from which it was obtained.
Upon referring to my Herbarium, ‘I find ‘specimens of the
same plant derived from the same source, marked “‘ Dra-
cana australis.’ The characters of the plant are by no
means at variance with those (short and imperfect it must
be allowed) which we possess; and hence I have retained
the older name. |
In the numerous seeds contained in each cell, it departs
from the Genus Dracena ; and, in that. particular, agrees
with Corpyzina of Commerson and Brown, and with Cuari-
_ woopia of Sweer, in his Flora Australasica. From the
former again it differs in the. persistent (not deciduous)
perianth or corolla, having equal segments, and all equally
revolute. - 3
fig. Dascaes australis, much diminished. 2. Leaf still oo a a very
_ 3. Part of a Panicle in Flower, xatural size. 4. Flower and
Bractee. 5. Portion of the Corolla with its Stamens. 6. Pistil. 7. Fruit.
8. Vertical Section of the Berry. 9. Transverse Sdetion of ditto, 10/'Seed.
11, Section of ditto.—More or less magnified.
Pub
by 3 lurtis Wea Lh
2S, Walworlictely LZ4F2 é.
Swan Jc
Cal. ‘aiaaa he OR plo au ;
_ sistentes. aes ‘5-obovata, Stam.
Nee bl _-consimile
Cuxrocastra. “lanceolata = annua, pilos
gono, foliis Je o-la nceolati - Serrule
breviter petiolatis S, pedui icul
mentis linearib refle:
Cuzroeastra lanceolata.
Raexia lanceolata. — ! Bonpli
Ospecxia lanceolata, Spreng. 3
aa Coun /4 ii et P :
4 ; 4 4 x
e ‘ ; ‘ i é fi se : a q 4
‘ ta Pry i 2
a j q ; 4 q *
e Plant annua tnabs te eipt Tigls the sien olf
scurely tet hairy, a8 is every part of the | lant,
ex t the up id under! I of the corolla, the
stamens, and pistil, throwing e - eh branches fr
axils of the leaves. Leaves inches very ‘ht
gaia ovato-lan late, two. ry ‘out es long, serru-
ate at the margin, five-nerved. Peduncles axillary and
terminal
terminal, short, three-flowered. Calyx urceolate in its
tube, with ten rather obscure elevated lines, and cut at the
margin into five, linear-reflexed, hispid segments. Corolla
of five petals, each oval, acute, the extreme point generally
reflexed, pure white, the margin ciliated; the insertion is
upon the margin of the calyx, between the segments.
Stamens ten, alternate five shorter. Filaments white, erect :
Anthers linear, oblong, yellow, transversely wrinkled, pro-
truded into a didymous spur at the base, the extremity
attenuated in a slight degree, brown, and there opening
with a large pore. Pistil: Germen oval, hid by the per-
sistent calyx, obscurely striated: Style straight, erect,
filiform, as long as the stamens: Stigma obtuse, glandular.
Seeds of this plant were received from Mr. Locxuarr, of
Trinidad, with many other rarities, in 1827: but the plants
raised in the stove promise to be only of annual duration.
The blossoms a Widimmnary. >
This genus has been recently established by the Professor
De Canpo.te, who observes, that it is to be distinguished
from another new Genus, Lastanpra, by its smooth stamina
and inflorescence ; from Arrurostemma, by the quinary,
and not quaternary number of the parts of the flower; from
Ossecx1a, by the absence of appendages between the lobes
of the calyx ; and from Metastoma by the fruit being cap-
sular and free. The species are usually shrubs, and all
from South America.
Fig. 1. Petal. 2, Calyx and Pistil. 3. Pistil. 4. Stamens.—All more
or less magnified. :
Pub. by Sf. Curtis Watwarth. July 22124.
@ 7 & dele
& “Nicoriana ease Guat
att
sc
de uliformis ea by.
o-ovatis acutis obsolete | sinuatis
gli se petiolatis, paniculis terminalibus,
corolla laciniis ¢ acu is brevissimis. _ Graham.
Nicoriana SAE Grad han og ) is
Av r
Branches tins obliq ee } s petioled, somewhat
unequal ; scurely. sinuated,
acumina (five inches long
and ree b id), TOL ound, spreading,
shorter than the es ee i 7 poet Panicle terminal,
axils of minute,
subulate bhgctieg w fen absent. _ x as long
as the pedicel, = lobechrely angled, with ive, sharp,
unequal, erect, somewhat ciliated teeth. Corolla green in
bud, afterwards of an} niform yellow colour, covered with
close white and soft pubescence on the outside ; tube slightly
curved downwards, thrice as ie as the calyx, within
which
pr ag St
which it is contracted and:impressed with five furrows:
beyond this it is five-sided, and of a nearly uniform diameter,
till near the. faux, where it is slightly inflated, and again
contracted immediately below the limb ; limb small, cup-
shaped ; segments short, acute, erect. Stamens unequal ;
filaments slender, incurved from the sides of the corolla at
their apices, also approaching each other above their inser-
tion into the corolla‘at the extremity of the calyx, below
this adhering to the tube, in the substance of which they are
lost downwards: Anthers short, oblong, brown before burst-
ing, on the longer filament subexserted. Pollen light
yellow. Pistil: Germen ovate, imbedded in a fleshy disk
or ring, two-celled, having attached to the middle of the
dissepiment on each side large fleshy receptacle, to which
the numerous ovules are attached : Style filiform, somewhat
compressed : Stigma dark green, sub , bifid, seg-
ments short, spreading. = 3 Ses
‘The whole plant, to the base of the pedicels, is of a beau-
tiful glaucous hue: at this aay at the base of the petioles,
and on the young leaves by the sides of the midrib, near
the a the colour is dark purple. The bloom is easily
rubbed from every part (except the leaves, where it is
more fixed) leaving the cuticle of a lively green, as on the
pedicels and calyx, where the bloom is wanting. Whole
plant odorous. In the arrangement of the species, this
should follow N. cerinthoides. — |
The plant was raised from seeds, communicated to the
Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh, by Mr. Smrra, of Monk-
wood, Ayr, whose son had sent them from Buenos Ayres.
It was kept in the stove, but on coming into flower in the
middle of Nani. was removed to the greenhouse. Graham.
aaa
Fig. 1. Corolla seen within, 2. Anther. 3, Pistil—Magnified.
W. 72. del?
.
Lub by S: Curtis, Valworth July 2 2626 Swande
A 2888.) a
pee 2 cad Spe!
pain soy GLOMERATA. CiusTrr-rLowERED
- Osnrexia, ;
Clase ‘ind Gedy. sale
| / Drcaxpmia Mowoaywta. | |
(Nat Ord —Mexasromen, de
< -Glaeti Character.
Cal. tribus ovatus, sepius setis stellatis aut mith stellata
vestitus ; lobi 4—-persistentes aut saci appendices
inter lobos extus one soang, et magnitudine v:
Speci Chatadter and aie. prin
Oniecati glomerata ; octandra, caule tetragono. foliisque
ovato-lanceolatis trinerviis appresso-hispidis, floribus
terminalibus breviter pedunculatis, calycis segmentis
ovato-lanceolatis ciliatis, tubi pilis ramoso-stellatis, e
talis obtusis (roseis) minuto-ciliatis. ~
Ospeckra lomerata. De Cand. Prodr. v. 3. p. 141.
Ruexia glomerata. “ Rottb. Pl. Surin. gi t. is | wi
j Sp. Pl. v. 2. p. 304. Spreng. eget. v. 2. p
Ruexia 7 agers | et Kunt | Melast. v. 2. p. SA.
ms af
(8. ) flore abo. “
a HEXIA aay — Bot. Cab. t. 334.
sal Av ontly an donetl, ak foot or a foot and a
half high, erect, wie posite, four-sided branches, clothed
with rigid, appressed give or bristles. Leaves opposite,
about an inch long, upon very short petioles, ovato-
lanceolate,
lanceolate, entire, three-nerved, hispid with closely ap-
pressed, whitish hairs, paler, and the nerves prominent
beneath. Flowers from the extremities of the stems and
branches, three or more together, having several small,
green, foliaceous, ciliated bracteew at the base. Peduncles
very short. Calyx urceolate, the tube clothed with many
long bristles, which are stellated at the top, and, besides,
are more or less branched: Segments of the calyx four,
ovato-lanceolate, never reflexed, strongly ciliated at the
margin. Petals four, obovate, rather large, finely ciliated
at the margin, obtuse, rose-coloured, the claw yellow.
Stamens ten, five alternate ones smaller, and these have
the anthers yellow; the others are purple on the upper
side ; both have two yellow, ovate glands or appendages at
the base. Pistil : Germen oval, with a tuft oF we at the
top, four-celled, each cell containing many ovules, attached
o a fleshy receptacle: Style about as long as the stamens,
filiform : Stigma obtuse. — ‘ [: el
_ Seeds of this were sent along with those of Cumrogastra
lanceolata to the Glasgow Botanic Garden from Trinidad,
by Mr. Locxuarrt, and it flowers at the same season of the
year. It grows in Savannahs; and if, as I suspect, and as
SPRENGEL seems to be of opinion too, the R. capituta of
Houmesotpr and Kunru be the same, it is a native also of
Martinique. Rortséxx givesit as an inhabitant of Surinam.
The calyx presents a highly curious appearance when
magnified, from the nature of the hairs.
ie
Fig. 1. Small Cluster of Flowers with their Bractez, the Petals and Stamen
being removed from the central Flower. 2. Petal. 3. The two kinds of
Stamens. 4. Pistil. 5. Section of the Germen. 6. Hair from the Calyx.
—All more or less magnified. Hue
S Waa +
LLOCE.
Viti wor Ph, Saks
Curtis
Lub. by £
ig
Mawva a ausnout _ Narrow-Leaven io
ts iz
é : Srey, 6 fh Yea ree
ee f tus Iw. 184. SAE Yi io%
. ee * i cage Oe ¢
‘d.—MA.vacea. ) aay ik anend,
Pd: a ei = Sag .# to ~~ a7
Character. ©
.
: bracteolis oblongit 8 setace )
vima in abet c
“Calyx, cinctus. | ‘tana. yl.
Matva angustifolia. - €av. Diss. 0.2. p. 64. t. 0. f. 1.
/ ejusdem Icon. v. 1. p. 48. t. 68. Willd. Pag v. 3.
p. 777. Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2. »v. 4. é 211. Serene.
ae hei? v. = nD 87. |
i
*
i
nS ae f
fou to five feet high, bonded,
rest of the plant except the
, with a closely-placed, stellated
2, four to six ‘inches long, upon a
ite, crenate at their margin, having
principal nerves at the base, besides
many others baihebin the midrib: the young leaves
are very downy, the Sacre ones less so, the down being
more or less fugacious. — "Sti les setaceous, one on each
side 2 the petiole. Peduncles axillary, four or five from the
same point, an inch long, generally one, sometimes
two-flowered. Calyx quinquefid, the segments ovato-lan-
ceolate, the base having three. setaceous appendages, which
constitute
a midrib, mee gina
constitute the outer calyx or involucre. Petals five, spread-
ing, united at the base, obcordate, rose-purple. Column
of stamens'short, white, a little hairy. _Anthers numerous,
forming a rounded mass. Pisétil globular. Style white, as
long as the stamens. Stigmas twelve, filiform, clubbed at
the point. Fruit of about ten, compressed capsules, form-
ing a globe of the size of a pea, very downy : each within
containing three kidney-shaped, compr seeds.
Raised in the garden of Rosert Barcray, Esq. at Bury
Hill, from seeds received from Mexico in 1826. It isa very
ornamental plant ; and during the summer and autumn
comes to great perfection in the open border. I saw it in
full blossom in October, 1827, when the accompanying
drawing was made. )
We learn from the Hortus Kewensis, that it was intro-
duced into Britain by Bensamin Bewick, Esq. in the year
1798 ; but it appears again to have been lost to our ens
till Mr. Barcray cultivated it: and we know of no figure
existing but that of Cavanites.
Fig. 1. Calyx and Involucre. 2. Column of Stamens, including the Pistil.
3. Extremity of a Stigma. 4. Fruit (nat. size).. 5. Single Capsule or Car-
pellum. 6. Section of ditto. 7. Seed.—More or less magnified.
WIZ. Bal es : oi
: 22k YS Curtis Walworth: July 21626. + Swan Se
€ 2840)
HeEpyortis CAMPANULIFLORA. aa se
Termaxona Moxoornia
(Nat. Ord S-piaced, Le
Generic Character.
: . tubulosa, 4-fida. peri ge o Rep
9.locularis, polysperma, ones inter ¢ genips is a Die
es oe oar ge
lated, roundish oval, very
short in the upper mo othe Asmere alow,
more arden f an inch te — with purplish hairs,
the = opposite ones gor a oo a hs
purple, setaceous, hairy sti le. Flowers arge for the size
of the plant, collected into a head, which is pedunculated,
terminal, or axi Calyx : the tube subglobose, hairy,
green, incorpo: “with the germen ; the limb of four
erect, linear-lanceolate, hairy, erect, afterwards spreading
segments. Corolla between infundibuliform and campa-
nulate, tube rma, mo y hairy without, very much so within,
and white at the Limb of four ovate spreading, brig
le blue, inclining to purplish, segments, throat yellow.
nities four : Fille senextes near the base of the tube:
Anthers \inear-oblong; reaching a little higher than the tube,
white. Germen two-celled, each having near the base of
the dissepiment an ascending, short, filiform receptacle,
bearing a cluster of ovules: upon the top of the germen,
and on each side of the base of the style, are two fleshy,
green glands. Style filiform, white, about as long as the
tube of the corolla: Stigmas two, linear, pubescent. Cap-
‘ sules collected into a very compact, globular head, some-
what turbinate, membranous and inflated, crowned with the
segments of the calyx, hairy, didymous. Seeds by no
means filling the cell, ten or twelve in each, somewhat
angular, dark brown, minutely tuberculated.
A very beautiful stove plant, flowering almost the whole
year through, and remarkable in the Genus for the large
size and rich colour of the flowers, as well as for the great
breadth of the leaves, and rich clothing of purple hairs upon
the stem. It is a native of Brazil, about Rio, where it
cannot be uncommon ; for it is not unfrequently sent to this
country in seed, or as dried specimens. Our first knowledge
of the plant was from the latter, which were transmitted to
us nearly at the same time by Mr. Booe, Mr. BurcHett,
and Dr. Scouter. In 1826 and 1827 it flowered in the
stove of Rosert Barctay, Esq. at Bury Hill, where our
drawing was made, and where from only a casual inspection
of the plant it had been called “Campanu.a nummulariifolia” —
by Dr. Sims. In the months of February and March plants
have flowered in the Glasgow Botanic Garden ; for some of
which we are indebted to Mr. Barcuay ; and others, raised
from Brazilian seeds were sent to us by the Honourable the
ry | Justice Cuerx. It deserves a place in every collec-
The stems in the younger part of the plant are fragile;
but there is a ceabeas mes of Saeels which is by no
means so easily broken, ; kd nett o
* Since the above was printed, this plant has appeared in Jamzson’s Edinb.
Phil. Journal aj Maiveriacapitata. =
Fig. 1. Corolla laid open. 2. Calyx and Pistil. 3. Section of the Ger-
men. 4. Head of Capsules (natural size).. 5. Single didymous Capsule. —
6. One of the two portions entire. 7. The other cut through vertically to
shew the Seeds. 8. Single Seed :— All but fig. 4 more or less magnified.
2841.
‘TILLANDSIA PSITTACINA. GAUDY-FLOWERED
TinLanpsia.
TevIsy sew
Asa Se Ree®
— Class and Order.
Hexanpria Monoeynia.
( Nat, Ord.—Bromeniac oe
Generic Character.
Cal. 3-partitus, inferus. Cor, 3-partita. Caps. 3-valvis.
Semina pape. . Spr. é |
‘Tintanps1a* psittacina ; foliis lineari-ligulatis integerrimis
acutis nudis basi inflatis, spica simplici, rachi flexuosa
lorata, floribus remotis, bractea longitudine floris
colorata.
Descr. An inhabitant of the trunks of trees. Leaves
fine red, grooved on one side. Flowers.xemote, distichous,
large. Bractea equal in length with the flower, or nearly
so, broadly ovate, circumvolute upon the flower, its lower
part of a bright-red, the rest deep yellow. Calyx of three
: circumvolute
* After T1L-Lanps, a professor of medicine at Abo, who wrote, in, 1683, a
history of the plants of the neighbourhood of that city.
circumyolute leaflets, scariose : Corolla of three petals,
longer than the calyx and bractez, linear, revolute and
green at the point. At the base. of each petal are two
oblong, membranaceous, erect scales, within which the sta-
mens are inserted. . Filaments as long as the corolla.
Anthers versatile, lmear, yellow-brown. Pustil: Germen
inferior ovate, tapering into a filiform style, which is as
long as the stamens. Stigma trifid, the segments very
blunt, villous.
Recently introduced by Witzx1am Harrison, Esq. of Rio
de Janeiro, to the rich collection of his brother Ricuarp
Harrison, Esq. of Aighburgh, near Liverpool; who oblig-
ingly sent me a specimen of the flowers and leaves, together
with a sketch ofthe whole plant, which is here given.
It may certainly rank among the most beautiful of this
curious genus; the colour of the rachis, bractez, and flowers
being singularly brilliant. It is allied to the Brometia
alotfolia of my ‘‘ Exotic Flora” ; but here there are scales
at the base of the corolla, asin Prrcamnta. —™”
Fig. 1. Petal shewing the scales and the insertion of the stamens. 2.
Pistil.—Scarcely magnified.
2842.
SWiale SC.
ZR.
i ae a
7. LAD
0: Abbe
XC eee
PRIMULA VERTICILLATA. Wuortep-
FLOWERED Primrose, |
Class and Order.
- Peranpria Moxooynra.,
es Nat. Ord —Paunviacea: )
Generic Ohiny Bet: :
Flores subumbellati, involucrati. Cal. tubulosus, 5-fidus
‘s. 5-dentatus, persistens. Cor. tubulosa, fauce vel nuda
vel glandulosa, limbo $-leboi' — _ 10-dentata,
ee Spr. 20)
DS 2 18h? Specific Character and sel.
eties Go at JSE
Parti: verticillata ; foliis ‘radicalibus’ erectis plete
acutis serratis in petiolum attenuatis subtus farinosis,
floribus verticillatis, involucris foliaceis, tubo corollee
longissimo, laciniis integris. Spr.
Primuta verticillata. Forsk. Fl. Aig. Arab. Cent. “ID p p.
42. Vahl Symb. Bot. p. 15. t. 5. Willd. Sp. Pl.2. 1.
p. 500. Lehm. Primul. p. 92. Spreng. Syst. Veget.
+ 1. p. 57D. Gen Bee [Reape Hare PRNe,
| in Edin. New ite. 49g oe | ae
Descr. Root wnat rel shapes. gates sube-
rect, rhomboideo-spathulate, decurrent along petioles that
are ‘longer than the leaves, incised, and the divisions ser-
rated, convex above, soft, much veined from the midrib,
and somewhat bullate. Scape erect, round. Flowers ver-
ticillate, five: mies ‘uaa he cesses Bractea, name Yo
* From primus, on account of the early appearance of the flowers of most
of the species.
each pedicel, sessile, lanceolate, doubly serrated, but less
so than the leaves, nerved and veined. Pedicels nearly as
long as the bracter. Calyx five-cleft,; segments erect, or
somewhat spreading, pointed, and serrated. Corolla yellow,
scarcely perfumed, tube (three-quarters of an inch long)
twice as long as the calyx, round and slightly swollen,
where it covers the germen, and in the situation of the
stamens, distinctly five-sided between these two points, and
in some degree above the last; throat naked ; lzmb spread-
ing at a right angle, small (less than half an inch across, )
segments obcordato-rotund, crenate (or entire?). Anthers
oblong, nearly sessile in the upper third of the tube.
Stigma cup-shaped, included, but carried above the stamens.
Style filiform. Germen globular, green. Ovules extremely
numerous, ranged round the central receptacle, a slender
process which is continued with the style, and may be easily
unsheathed from the lower part of this. The outer side
of the corolla, both sides of the calyx, the pedicels and
scape, the bractee and leaves, particularly on the lower
sides, are powdery.
Wereceived, in 1825, a plant of this species from M. Orro,
of Berlin, under the name of P. mvoluerata, marked
« Egypt”, but it suffered so much on the way that it could
not be preserved. The subject of the present article was
raised from seed, communicated from the sameliberal quarter,
dn 1826, and flowered in the beginning of the present
month (March, 1828). The divided edge of the corolla
seems the only deviation from the essential character of P.
verticillata of Forsxaon, andthe analogy of other species, as
P. prenitens, shews that this cannot be relied upon as a
specific distinction. Granam.
_I have compared the drawing of this interesting plant,
kindly sent to me by Dr. Granam, with Vaut’s re of
P. verticillata, in his Symbole Botanic, and 1 think there
can be no doubt of the identity of the two. The plate
of Vau1, evidently made after a dried specimen, has -the
segments of the corolla not only entire but acute; 'Forsxaon
himself describes them as being emarginate ; but Lenwann
assures us that both the specimen of Vani and Forsxaon
have them entire. os .
Forskaor found the plant growing ‘by the sides of streams
onthe mountain Kurma, in Arabia Felix.
€. Pa — e, as.
‘ = wes y —— ety pa rr ‘
* na? a bia we AD
£ :
‘97% 4 ¥ Fei ghee, ee ee S
: : : : Get ; isi5 SS i
eit
GAULTHERIA SHALLON. SHALLON
GAULTHERIA. .
Cal. b-fidus, pedicello ES ta urceolato-ovata,
Anthere apice bicornes. Gansnis,
cato vestita. t :
- acutis serratis marginibu as ramisque junioribus hispidis,
_. Yacemis secundis, pedicello infra niedium bibracteato,
corollis viscoso-glandulis. | Bes
GAprapNse shallon. Pursh. ae Sept. v.. L p. 284. Nut.
Gen. v. 1. p, 263.
LTHERI fruticosa. Menz.
i
£
~(m Herb. nosir) £4
ea hae
Descr. Stems friticose; taxete; hedicnda? a iste to a foot
and a half high, nearly erect, the younger ‘branches hairy,
or even hispid, the hairs deciduous. Leaves alternate,
nearly sessile, -broadly vate, subcoriaceous, Somewhat
cordate at the base, shining , acute, or rather suddenl and
shortly acuminate, veiny on both sides, dark-green al ove,
aler beneath, finely serrated a h e margin red 1 in the ome
sana and ciliated, the hai judhe
leaves, and at length de ou
Pa
oe / age
st i PF sites
» oe
an a
* Named after Gavuruter or Gautier, a French physician, resident i in
Canada, who wrote on the Sugar Maple.
two or three together. Peduncle ferruginous, glanduloso-
hirsute and clammy, with small, concave, imbricated brac-
tee at the base, and a larger, reflexed one at the base of
each pedicel. Below the middle of the pedicel, but not at
the very base, are two small, white, reflexed, ovate bractezx.
Flowers secund and pendent, white, clothed with viscid,
red, glandular hairs. Cal. of the same colour as the corolla,
and closely embracing its base. Corolla ovate, the mouth
five-toothed, the teeth small, reflexed. Stamensten: Fila-
ment broad, white, ciliated: Anther oblong, two-celled,
opening by two pores, and behind them are two bifid horns.
Discovered by Arcuipatp Menzies, ae on the North-
west coast of America, growing in pine forests, under the
shade of trees where scarcely any other plant would live.
Its handsome and graceful flowers, with the large, glossy,
evergreen leaves, render it most desirable for the American
border : but it was not till last year that we had any pros-
of cultivating so great a rarity, when seeds arrived,
for the Horticultural Society of London and for the
Glasgow Botanic Garden, gathered at the Columbia by Dr.
Scouter and Mr. Dovetas. These soon vegetated, and
from the first plant that blossomed in our Botanic Garden
early in May, 1828, the accompanying figure was made.
There is no doubt that the plant will succeed well in the
open air, treated like other North American shrubs, and
that it will then produce stronger stems, and more nume-
rous flowers. —
The berries of the Shallon are much esteemed by the
natives, on account of their agreeable flavour; and we
can attest their excellence from having tasted some which
Dr. Scouter brought home.
Sir James Smiru, in Rees’s Cyclopedia, seems to have
taken this plant for the Gautruerta erecta, of Venrenat,
Hort. Cels: but that is a native of Peru, and though, un-
questionably, very nearly resembling this, has the leaves
less distinctly serrated, ferruginously downy beneath, and
flowers of a bright red colour.
Pe 1, Flower, Pedicel, and Bracter, 2. Stamen. 3. Pistil—Magni-
2844.
Swen Se. |
Luh, bp SC lurtig Wiel wort te, ditag® 2128
WAH. dealt
( 2844 )
EPIDENDRUM FUSCATUM. DINGY-FLOWERED
EPIpENDRUM.
| : Class and Order.
GynanDrRIA Monanpria.
( Nat. Ord. — Orcuipes. ry
Generic Character.
Columna cum ungue labelli longitudinaliter connata in
tubum (quandoque decurrentem ovarium). Masse Pollinis
4, parallele, septis completis oe an ae
basi filo granuisie elastico a Br. pal
Specific Character and Synonyms.
Epienprum* fuscatum ; cauli simplici, foliis oblong is acu-
minatisve, pedunculo terminali elongato, spica globosa,
columna petalis breviore. Willd.
Erinenprum fuscatum. Swartz Nov. Act. Ups. v. 6. p. 69.
Smith Spicil. Bot. p. 2. t.23. Willd. Sp. Pl. v.A.
p. 120. Andr. Bot. Rep.t.441. Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2.
_ v5. p. 218. Bot. Reg. 4. 67. Loddiges Bot. Cab.
_ tAT2.
NI RUM maces de 4m p. 224. t. 138. Loddiges
Erinexprum Stee Swartz Obs. Ps 325. enien
TE TIER C Fide se a y
Descr. Parasitic. Roots thickish, white, flexuose fibres.
“Blem tix to eight inches high, by no means bulbous, below
sheathed with scales, an e, upwards more compressed,
- leafy, leaves distichous, oblong, thickish, fleshy, the point
t reflected, the base — \. At the sieht rises a
Soe Rae care : Seda
Fee Sanaa
ne aueiel
* From ews, upon, and derdpor, a tree ; "from the cireumstance of the species
growing upon the trunks of trees in their native country.
peduncle four to five inches long, sheathed with remarkably
compressed ancipitate scales. Flowers forming a loose
head, or an imperfect umbel, of a brownish green colour,
particularly the two inner, which are rather smaller, and
somewhat spathulate; thethree outer more oval. zp, with
its claw united by its upper surface to the whole length of the _
underside of the column, the lamina spreading, greenish,
somewhat three-lobed, the middle lobe notched and some-
one pair of pollen masses.
last: * be by the Rev. L. Guiipine ; and this year, im the
mont
between E. fuscatum and anceps.
Fig. 1. Flower, 2. Front view of the Column and Lip. 3. Uppermost
and large Anther. 4. Its Pollen Masses. 5. 5. The lower and smaller An-
thers. 6. One seen from its under side. 7. Its Pollen Masses —More or
less magnified. )
¥ 7a el?
’ S Curtis, Walwort
2712S, Wealuvorthe, Aig? aZPBe
2845.
SRBC
JUSTICIA QUADRANGULARIS. : ‘Sevann-sraticep
Justicra. 3 eins
_., Dianpara Monoeynra.
nf Nat. Ord: — AcantHacem. ) d gatiy
Genlerte Character.
Cal. ainda 5 raro 4-partitus. Sir, velibeti irregulari
bilabiata vel ringens, labio inferiore diviso) Stamina duo,
antherifera. Anthere biloculares; loculis insertion sepi
inequalibus. Filamenta sterilia nulla v. obsoleta. Ovarii
loculi dispermi. — adnatum. © -Semina-reti-
naculis sa asaazoacse Br.
Specific eo :
Jusricra* quadrangularis ; (antheris loculis parallelis), foliis
late ovato-lanceolatis petiolatis acutis subserratis, —
terminali, bracteis minutis, corolla subinfundibu
curvato limbo subequali, caule acute tetragono
Descr. Plant, in our stove, a afoot high, every whthe
glabrous, slightly branched, and somewhat shrubby ; stem
and branches dak green, acutely quadrangular, the angles
margined. Leaves large, opposite, remote, broadly ovato-
lanceolate, dark green, somewhat coriaceous, paler beneath,
acute, rather obscurely serrated, the base entire, petiolated.
Spike terminal on a quadrangular peduncle, four-sided, _
Bractee small, three to each flower, ovato-acuminate..
* Named by Houston after Jamas ides, Esq. F.R.S., who published,
in 1674, a volume called the British Gardener's Director.
Calyx five-partite, on a short, very thick pedicel, laciniz erect,
linear-lanceolate. Corolla purplish red, somewhat infun-
dibuliform :. ¢ube short, rather gibbous at the base, curved
down suddenly at the upper part, limb nearly equal, of five
suberect segments. Stamens two, much curved, as long as
thecorolla. Filaments white, pubescent. Anthers oblong,
acute, white, and pubescent at the back; cells two, parallel,
brown. Germen ovate, upon a yellow fleshy disk or base.
Style as long as the stamens, slender, filiform. Stigma
slightly clavate. |
his very distinctly marked species of Justicia, which I
do not find described by any botanical author, exists in the
stove of the Glasgow Botanical Garden, and is marked as
having been sent eae Mr: Barczay’s collection at Bury Hill,
pe the oe of «J. a eae epoming in
e slightest ee rough about the plant; and it is to be
feared there ae hacn some milaiaks in labelling it. Itis
probably a native of the Mauritins or Madagascar, and one
of M. Boszr’s discoveries. = 9 r ginical
It flowers in the month of January.
>See
Fig. 1. Front view of a Flower. 2. Stamen. 3. Calyx and Pistil, with
the three Bracter.—M ore or less magnified,
~— .
hes : TR acl xg Pay Saas
i,
i
si a?
BEconia papitiosa. _ P
dod | Moxecta PoLyaxprra. oe el Brice
JON Om Bocoxtaces. ‘2 i
Mase. Cal O. > - plypetal, petals plain A,
inzequalibus.
Fam. Cal.o. Cor. petal
Styli 3. bifidi. Caps: tr
sperma, Lie
mine is acu ming . ;
albo-maculatis papillis
venas pubes enti DUS
iS 74 a
ie P sodintnates raris inten a |
Maid ovatis ive inte-
> . ie
ing:
Graham. »
Brooxts papillos, Graber,
branched in our gc |
probably more so when oy a feats, state: ‘somewhat
tumid at the jc joints, ounded, brown. Petioles alternate,
- spreading, rodyioll channelled above, pubescent, one and
_a quarter inch long. - Leaves three anda ftimesas lo a
the petiole, we i revs pm ‘cordate, acuminate, somew
wiplate and b late, crisped, on the via surface bright
( ee om
Nines =>.
a
f
~ af i
Wr, * ‘ |
<
aad ,
* So named by Puumrer, after Begon, who assisted that author with mate-
rials for his writings on American Botany,
green and shining, occasionally spotted with white, and
having distant papille, of which each is terminated with a
curved rather harsh hair, red and glabrous below, except
at the veins, which are sparingly’ dbiads cent, unequally den-
tato-ciliated, and somewhat angled. Sttpules ovate, acu-
minate, smooth, entire, marcescent.: py af apres , longer
than the leaves, turned to one side of the stem, drooping,
(thrice?) dichotomous ; peduncles.and pedicels flattened.
Bracteeé opposite, ovate, coloured, deciduous, placed in
pairs at aah divnion of the cyme,:and at the base of each
Jfemale flower, but wanting in the male. Male flowers
placed in the axil of the bifurcations, and, as it would
appear, always along with a female at the ultimate divi-
sions of the cyme, where they hang on the outside of the
female flowers in the two lateral, and, on the inside in the
two middle divisions of the cyme; each always expands
before the corresponding female flower. This distribution
and premature evolution of the male flowers are common —
in the genus. Corolla tetrapetalous, very unequal, rather
more so in the female flowers, where the outer petals are
retuse, full three-quarters of an inch broad by half an inch
long, in the male cordato-subrotund. Stamens numerous ;
filaments slender ; anthers large, wedge-shaped. Germen
inferior, nearly equally winged, the. angles. obtuse, the
upper edges placed at right angles to the axis of the flower.
Styles three, channelled, enlarging upwards. Stigmas large,
lobed, revolute, crisped, and pubescent. ae
This Sri flowered in the stove of the Royal Botanic
Garden, Edinburgh, in April of this year, 1828, and at about
the same season during the three preceding years. We re-
ceived the plant from Kew in 1824, but without specific
pine, or any intimation regarding its native country.—
aham.
Fig. 1, Stamens, magnified. 2. Truncated Capsule —Nadural size.
= x Swear S&
+” TL8 BR.
a Ah
Z Ps > to FP Poss ye PJ,
WS Hadel? Luo. oy & Curtis Weleortiz: A
(2847)
Rosa SINICA. "Tur e-Lea ven Cunese
Roser.
Hhehebbbbbebbbbebbbk
| - Class and Order.
- Tcosanpnia Moxoornta.
ny Nat. Ord. — - Rosacne. )
Generic heres
Cilijeis shila urceolatus, carnosus, achenia plurima his
suta includens. Receptaculum villosum.
Div. XI. Banksiane. Stipule sublibere, sibiatte v.
angustissime, sepius deciduz. — ieee Pe ——
nitida. Caules scandentes. Tan a
| Specific Character ailiboaias
Rosa*. sinica; -stipulis (parvis) Liciesats ance aac poy
natis serratis deciduis, petiolis costaque (plerumque)
aculeatis, fructibus muricatis..
Rosa sinica. Ait. Hort. Kew. v. 2: p 202. ed. 2. %. 3: p.
261. (excl. syn.) Smith in Rees Cyl. (excl. syn. Linn.)
Lindl. Roig z 126, f. 16. Spreng, Syst. Veg. v. 2.
bees oe
. hee Bidndie, Cand, Cat. Hort. Monsp. p. 137. Red.
- Ros. v, 2 p. 81. cum Ie. De Cand: Prodr. 0. 2.
“LysepebQ@yin oi dotlor'ge!
Rosa ternata. Poir. in Eneycl. Bot. v. 6. p- 284.
Rosa trifoliata. ” Le Bose. Dict.”
Rosa cherokeensis. - Donn Cant. ed.8.p.170.
Rosa levigata. © “Mich. Bor. ‘Am. 0. 1. p. 295. Pursh Am.
peice _ 845, Smith in Rees Cycl. Nutt. Gen.
». 308. Elliott, Sketch, v.1. p. 567. Lindl. Ros.
“ ik De Cand. Prodr. v. 2, p. 600. Spreng. Syst.
Plant. 0. 2. p: pee
-Descr.
* From poder, in Greek, and that again from rhos (home hel.
red) a Rose, in Celtic.
Descr. A climbing, much branching shrub, with very long,
flexible, green branches, clothed with a beautiful smooth bark,
and bearing scattered, rather large, uncinate prickles, which are
often gemimate at the setting on of the leaves. Petioles often
tinged with purple, grooved on the upper side, generally, but not
always, beset with several small, uncinate prickles; at the base
are two small semiadnate, linear-lanceolate, yellowish, deciduous
stipules, serrated and somewhat glandular. Leaffets three, rarely
five, and in the latter case the two lowermost are much the small-
est ; the rest an inch anda half, and sometimes (the terminal one)
two inches long, broadly lanceolate, somewhat rigid, evergreen,
perfectly glabrous, shining, dark green above, paler beneath ;
the margins beautifully serrated, with the teeth almost setigerous,
the nerves indistinct, the midrib beneath mostly very prickly.
Petiole hispid above. Flower solitary, very large, fragrant.
Calyx tube ovate, very hispid: the segments pubescent, spreading,
soon reflexed, much — entire. Petals pure mae, waved,
obeordate, very. obtuse, approaching to triangular. Stigmas
collected into a head in fuente of a yellow, fleshy disk. ¥
The plant which produced the flower here figured in the stove
of the Glasgow Botanic Garden, was sent to that Institution
by Mr. James Witson, from Savannah, with the name of the
Cherokee Rose; under which appellation, I believe, it has long
been known in British collections ; though it has never, to my
knowledge, blossomed in any of them. Our plant was trained up
to one of the rafters of the building, and in that situation bore
its very large, pure white, and fragrant flowers in May, 1828.
There can be no doubt of its being the Rosa laevigata of
Micuavx and the American Botanist, who describes it as a
native of Georgia, growing in shady woods, and climbing up trees
to a great height. It has, however, altagethes the peculiar habit
of the Chinese Roses, and, cultivated in the same stove with Rosa
sinica, which we have received direct from its native country,
there does not appear the slightest marks of distinction; and Mr.
Linpxey, in his valuable Monograph, notices their great simi-
larity. So that to me it seems more than probable, that Rosa
sinica has been imported into North America, either from China,
or from our European gardens; an idea which is much strength-
ened, if not confirmed, by an observation made by Mr. Ex.iorz,
in his Fora, of South Carolina and Georgia: ‘* This has been
cultivated in the gardens of Georgia for upwards of forty years,
— the name of the ‘Cherokee Rose,’ but its origin is still
“ In ‘our rural economy,” Mr. Exxiort continues, “ This
plant will one day become very important. For the purpose of
forming hedges, there = peshege no plant which unites so many
advantages ; and in quickness of growth, facility of culture,
strength, durability, and beauty, it has perhaps no rival.”
i Fis. 1. Flower, from which the Petals are removed, natural size. 2.
ens.—Magnified.
2848.
Lud. by §. Curtis. Walworth, Sept: |: W
Ws dei? ie
: C RM 2S
ALSTROEMERIA OVATA. BRroap-Leavep
DOWNY ALSTROEMERIA,
| dito
» Class and Order.
toe Hexamnia Monoeynta. —
ry eee
eae
( Nat. Ord.—AmaryiupEs. Br. Kunth.)
Generic Character. ,
Perianthium corollaceum, subcampanulaceum, sexparti-
tum, irregulare ; laciniis duabus (vel tribus) interioribus
basi tubuloso-conniventibus. Stam. 6, laciniis inserta,
~ demum ——— Stigma trifidum. Capsw
loculis po wes Caulis erectus, scand
foliatis. mond ‘Kunth.
Nioticidstesti™ ovata ; -yolubilis, foliis oble agis
petiolatis supra villosis, pedunculis u ibell
bracteatis laxis, eee, ping ceo
laciniis rectis. Ms
AustRameERriA ovata. Cav. Ie, Pl.
‘Sp. Plo. 2. p. 196. Lan, t
Syst. Vege. 2.9 81 |
ALSTROEMERIA hirte Sweet | it. Fl. Garden, t. 228.
Descr. Stem, in our pla
herbaceous, quite simple, te
plish:» Leaves al 2, remo! efor to fits inches. 3-2
in
* So named after Aistnousxa, a Swedish Naturalist, who first made *
genus known to Linnzvs.
in length, and this is twisted in such a manner, that the
underside of the leaf becomes the upper, and is perfectly
glabrous, whilst. the underside is strikingly hairy, especially
upon the numerous parallel nerves. Jnwolucre of about
five spreading or recurved leaves, unequal in size, and
exactly resembling those of the stem. Umbel of three, or
according to Cavantitss, five peduncles, long, pendent,
flexuose, red, bearing two flowers, one upon a short, the
other upon a longer pedicel ; and there are two ovate,
reflexed bractee upon each. Flowers pendent, an inch and
a half long. Pertanth of six segments, tubuloso-campa-
nulate, the laciniz straight, especially the three outer ones,
which are oblongo-spathulate, pale ochraceous. yellow,
nerved, green at thie points, the three inner are decidedly
spathulate, a little longer than the outer, with the margins
below remarkably inflexed, subsaccate and bearing honey,
yellowish, the limb notched, having a little point in the
notch, green, with many purple, linear, oblique spots.
Stamens six: Filaments whitish, slightly pubescent. An-
thers at first dark green, oblong, compressed, opening at
the sides, at length, after the discharge of the pollen, oval,
brownish-purple. Pollen purplish. Pistil: Germen infe-
rior, turbinate, subtriangular, furrowed: Style at first short,
slender, columnar, subpubescent, at length longer, and
dividing at the extremity into three stigmata.
This very interesting species of Atstra@menrta, allied, in-
deed, but yet abundantly distinct from A. Salsilla, flowered
in the greenhouse of the Glasgow Botanic Garden, in Sep-
tember, 1827. Seeds of it were received from Mr. Cruicx-
sHANKS in.182b, and young plants from the. Edinburgh
Botanic Garden in the same year : raised from seeds, equally,
I believe, sent from Chili, by Mr. Cruicxsuanks. |
It is said to be also a native of Peru *.
* The Avstramertia hirtella of Sweet's British Flower Garden is, I
think, though said to be a native of Mexico, unquestionably the samé species
with the one here given; and it may also be that of HumBo.pr and Kuntu.
Perhaps the A. hirsuta of these latter authors may not be specifically distinct;
and all these approach yery near to the A. latifolia of Ruiz and Pavon.
Fig. 1. Outer Segment of the Perianth. 2. Inner ditto, nat. size. 3
Stamen, before the discharge of the Pollen. 4. Ditto, after the Pollen is dis-
persed. 5. Pistil—Magnified.
» Brgonta DIPETALA, -T'wo-PeTaLeD
Ait rg. Od S163
Ae Bacon. ii
Alita and Order.
-Moneecra Pouranpmia
oye done ae ( Nat. Ord —Brooxtices ye
7 ~~ $
Generic Chcvesct:
Dalises Cal. 10. «Cor. polypetala, petalis pléringi 4,
; cece ett ie
ami Cal. o petalis 4—9, plerumque inequa-
libus. Styli tres, aS S. sa alata, trilocalaris,
polyeperiagg IN SA We BL
Brconta dipetat d recta, ‘Silis semicordatis acu-
tis suba Be op briusculis macu-
latis discol a i semicordatis, floribus dipe-
talis, capsule alis suba -qualibus rotundatis. Graham.
sae
eyish brown, with a few
Gaicel branched in our
scarcel e-
: aves half heart-shaped, atte
out any “agg on the edge,
rrato -dentate, slightly bullate,
crisped at the margin when ig, above green, with white
spots, and having a pellucid, short, awl-shaped hair, risin
from the centre of a few of the spots, below blood-colour
but when. ol blanched, smooth, except at the veins, where
there are a few hairs ; in’ prominent, especially below :
petioles distichous, at. first subérect, afterwards spreading
the leaves, rounded, flat-
or divaricated, nearly as long_as
tened a little, and slightl y channelled above. Cyme axil-
lary,
une pee and enh wou
lary, peduncled, drooping, rather longer than the petioles
and foliage, dichotomous, peduncles and pedicels flattened :.
two obsolete, nearly opposite bracteas are on the middle of
the female pedicel, but none on the male. Flowers pink,
dipetalous, handsome, large, (female, one inch broad, by
three quarters of an inch long; male, three quarters of an
inch in either diameter,) males in the clefts of the cyme,
and on the outside of its subdivisions; those in the clefts
expand first, the others nearly at the same time with the
corresponding females; petals in them subrotund; in the
females more cordate ; in both, but especially the latter,
subacuminate. Stamens numerous, filaments wedge-shaped
at the top,.an anther-cell being fixed along each side.
Capsule, wings rounded, subequal: Stigmata pale yellow,
revolute, angled, pubescent along the edge.
This species flowered at the Royal Botanic Garden Edin-
burgh, in April, 1828, having been raised two years before
from seed sent by Dr. Jounsronz, from Bombay. Like all
the other species of Begonia, it requires the heat of the
stove. GRAHAM. | + :
2850
Wan ke.
Lib, bp § Curtis, Walworth, Sept. 1 7b28.
WT. A. del®
( 2850 )
CoNOsPERMUM ERICIFOLIUM. HEATH-LEAVED
- ConospERMUM. —
Class and Order.
TerranDRiA -Monoeynta.
( Nat. Ord. —Proreacez. )
Generic Character.
- Perianthium tubulosum, ringens: lacinia suprema basi
fornicata. Anthere tres, incluse : laterales dimidiate : su-
perior biloba; primo coherentes, lobis proximis vicinarum
loculum constituentibus. Stigma liberum. Nusx obconica,
‘papposa. Br. as
Specific Character and Synonyms.
Conosrermuo * ericifolium; foliis erectis numerosis subim-
bricatis subulato-filiformibus, spicis simplicibus axilla-
ribus pedunculo brevioribus.
Conosrermum ericifolium. Smith in Rees Cycl. Knight
et Salish. Prot. p.95. Br. in Linn. Trans. v. 10. p.
"154, Spreng. Syst. Veget.v.1. p.¥i4.
Descr. Shrub erect. Stem rounded, brown; Branches
erect, green when young and pubescent. Leaves subulato-
filiform, slightly twisted, mucronate, veinless, when seen
under a microscope a little scabrous, veinless, somewhat
imbricated, persisting, very numerous. Peduncles axillary,
crowded at the extremity of the branches, erect, elongated,
obscurely scabrous, and having a few scattered ovato-
acuminate, blueish bractez, but no flowers (unless an abor-
tive one) except at the top, where they form a rather dense,
inn
~
* From xwvos, @ cone, and cripua, seed, on account of the shape of the
seed,
almost capitate spike. Flowers, in the bud, slightly tinged
with pink, afterwards white, spreading, each sessile in the
axil of a bractea, which is larger than those below. Per?-
anth pubescent: tube curved outwards and obscurely tetra-
gonous ; limb inflated, bilabiate: upper lip pointed, re-
flected, the lower-lip of three straight, erect teeth of equal
length, but the two outer are a little broader than that in
the middle. Granam. If inastate of the bud the perianth
be carefully cut open at the faux, where the stamens (three
in number anther-bearing) are situated, they will be found,
as Mr. Brown has long ago observed, to be most curiously
joined, so that. the three anthers constitute but two cells:
that is to say, the single lobe of each of the two anthers
of the lower lip is conjoined with a lobe of the perfect
anther in the upper lip. In flower, the stamens sepa-
rate, and we find one perfect, two-lobed anther in the
middle of the uppet lip, and two one-lobed anthers in the
lower lip; the other lobe being abortive, and appearing
like a subulate appendage : the fourth stamen, which should
have occupied the middle of the lower lip, is entirely abor-
tive, and appears like a bipartite scale, with a mucro in the
sinus. The filaments are very short: the Anther-lobes
oval, purple-brown : the pollen yellow. Pistil: Germen
free, broadly oblong, narrow below, clothed with silky
hairs, and crowned with a beautiful tuft of the same. Ovule
pendent, obconical. Style zigzag, filiform. Stigma slightly
toothed, clavate, concave.
I have already, at t. 2724 of this work, observed, that
some narrow-leaved varieties of C. taxifolium approach this
species : still I believe it to be distinguished by the shape
of this foliage. Seeds were received by Dr. Granam at the
Edinburgh Garden, from Mr. Fraser of New Holland, and
they flowered both in April 1827 and 1828.
_ Fig. 1. Flower and Bractea. 2. Section of the Perianth and Anther, to
shew the situation of the latter before the expansion of the flower. 3.
Perianth in perfection, cut open, to shew the Stamen and Pistil, 4. Section
of the Germen, to shew the Ovule.—Magnified.
LUO oy SI CHPTES:
¥ uae i r 70
WALWOT LH SEpe. Lith
mbes
C 2851 )
~ CATTLEVA INTERMEDIA. MUIDDLE-SIZE-
FLOWERED CATTLEYA.
Class and Order.
Gynanpria Monanpria.
( Nat. Ord.—Orcuex. )
Generic Character.
~ Perianthium resupinatum, patens ; laciniis subequalibus.
Columna libera, semiteres, labello eroso cucullato am-
plexa. Anthera infra-apicularis, opercularis, persistens,
columne apice subulato supertecta, 4-locularis ; septis
completis membranaceis marginatis. Masse Pollinis 4,
lenticulares, per pares filo elastico granulato in ipsis re-
flexo connexe. Lindl. linac
— Specific Character. ae
_ Carriers * intermedia ; perianthio subequali acutiusculo,
-. Jabello trilobo, lobo medio cordato rotundato, spatha
obtusa pedunculum subequante, caule articulato cla-
- -vato compresso vix bulboso. Graham. r
Catrieya intermedia. Graham MSS. ye
Descr. Parasitical. Root consisting of several strong, cylin-
ical, branching fibres, green where exposed to the light. Stems
numerous, jointed, three to nine inches high, enlarging upwards,
vdlacedicoly bulbous, smooth when in vigour, but often me, 4
8,
furrowed, covered with grey, without blunt, appressed sheat
green where exposed, terminated by two nearly opposite and
equal, ees flat, M4 ceo pes shy, veinless /eaves, five
a Maa Ye
* So named by Mr. Linpxey, “ in con
Esq. of Barnet, Hertfordshire, a great
collector of rare plants of his day.”
late, and more nearly lanceolate, the two inner rather the nar-
rowest. Labellum as long as the periahth, and of a rather paler
color, curved downwards, compressed, its edges entire, and over-
lapping above; terminated by three lobes, of which the middle is
the largest, projecting forwards, cordato-subrotund, saddle-shaped ;
all the three jagged at the edges and waved, but the lateral lobes _
less so, and not spreading : middle lobe of deep purple, mottled
with the general color of the labellum or perianth. Column half
the length of the labellum, shaped like a boat, blunt in the keel,
and inverted upon the labellum: there is a round notch at the
extremity, with a projecting tooth in the middle, for the attachment
of the anther: the sides of this notsh project, are truncated, and
edged with purple. The general color of the column is the same
as the upper part of the labellum, but beautifully streaked with
urple, especially on its lower side. Anther hemispherical, two-
obed, four-celled: cells linear-oblong, each having a thin, brown
margin orrim. Pollen Masses four, in two pairs, subovate, plano-
convex; the reflected, filamental stalks slightly cohering in each
pair. Stigma occupying the upper half of the plane, or under,
side of the column, concave, large, and coming to a point at the
base. Germenan inch anda half long, club-shaped, erect, slightly
curved, brownish-green, obscurely spotted with purple, and having
three longitudinal, double furrows. GraHAM. *
It is with much pleasure that I add a fifth species of CaTTLEYA
to the four already in cultivation. Its nearest affinity certainly is
to C. Forbesii, but the general appearance of the flower more
nearly resembles C. Jabiata, and it is almost as handsome. C.
Forbesii could not be distinguished from this by the essential
character given by Mr. Linney, in Bot. Reg. t. 953, to which,
therefore, must be added the acuminate spatha, much shorter than
the peduncle. The habit, as shewn in Bot. Reg. is precisely the
same as in C, intermedia. :
Our plant has further the three-lobed lip and the stem of C.
Loddigesit and C. Forbesit ; the approximating perianth of the
latter, and of C. labiata, together with the form of the perianth
and sharply jagged lip of C. Forbesii, and the colours and spatha
of C. labiata, only that this spatha is united at its edges, in which
circumstance there is an agreement with C. Loddigesii ; but in this
again the spatha is pointed, and much shorter than the peduncle.
We received our specimens along with many other valuable
lants from Mr. Harris of Rio Janeiro, by Capt. Granam, of
is majesty’s Packet service, in 1824. They have been kept in
the stove in pots of decayed bark ; and the specimen now describ-
_ ed flowered for the first time in spring, 1826, but met with an
accident before it could be figured or described. It bloomed for
the second time in April last (1828), and remained in perfection
several days. Other specimens, subjected to the same kind of treat-
ment, have remained without the least alteration in their appear-
ance since they were imported. The subject of the present article
is now pushing its roots freely over the pieces of bark. Granam.
Fig. 1. Column of Fructification. 2. Anther-Case, from which the four
Pollen Masses, fig. 3, 3, are taken. 4. Side view of a pair of Pollen Masses.—
—Magnified.
WS EX. delt
Pub, bP S Curtis Walworth, Sort. LIE 2S. —
( (2852 )
PoryeaLa PAUCIFOLIA. ‘ FEW-LEAVED
_ Munx-Wort. ,
Class and Order.
| x Drapexpaia Ocranpria.
na hd iNet Ord.—Potyeate. )
Generic Character.
Calycis sepala persistentia, 2 interiora, aleformia. Pet.
3—5 tubo stamineo connexa, inferiore carineformi (forsan
e duobus coalitis constante.) Caps. compressa, elliptica
obovata aut obcordata. Semina pubescentia, hylo caruncu-
lata, coma dite D. ©
Specific Chara haracter and Synonyms.
PotycaLa* paucifolia ; caulibus implicisiis erectis in-
ferne nudis, foliis ovatis, oribus ternis terminalibus,
carina cristata. D.C. ve.
mae ucifolia. Willd. ». 3p ). $80. Pers. 9 g}
| De Cand. Prodr. p. nice . 331. Pursh'v: 2. p:
het Ni ital, Pl. Am. 0.2. p.81, Bigelow Fl. Boston.
Heels: Elliott, Bot. 8. Carolina et Georg. v. 2. p.
| TRicLisPERMA grandiflora Rafincoqu Specch. 1, P. HY.
ve h
a
Descr. Root yaa. crows near the ond i peren-
nial. Stem herbaceous, me es , Shining, three to
four inches high. Leaves coll near the top, petioled,
J ning, nearly naked, imper-
fectly ciliated, — ly veined, n, red wien: young,
tasthe ‘lower part: the stem co compat
poi
ovate, acute at both ends,.s)
* From wodvs, many, and yadn, milk: from the supposed quality, in cer-
tain plants of this genus, of increasing the quantity of milk given by the
cattle which feed upon them.
pointed, sessile scales. Peduncle generally terminal, though
im a few instances the stem is extended beyond it, where it
is opposite to. the leaf, one, two, or three flowered, very
short ; pedicels lax, half as long as the flowers, angular,
red, naked, and shining. Calyx: two lowest segments
small, lanceolato-ovate, upper segments tumid, ovate, con-
cave, wings spreading, obovate, as long as the wings of the
corolla. Corolla handsome, three-fourths of an inch long,
nectariferous at the base; petals three, coalescing below
for above half of their length, compressed, the wings over-
lapping above, slightly arched towards their apices ; keel
after separating from the wings inflated, rounded, edges in
contact above, terminated by a purple tipped beard, form-
ing a tuft nearly as large as the inflated portion of the keel ;
whole flower of a beautiful purple, indistinctly veined and
pale, almost white on its lower side. Stamens six ; fila-
ments united to the inside of the petals to the point where
these separate from each other, after which they project.
forward in two equal, opposite bundles, smooth, flattened, -
colourless ; anthers termimal, obscurely bilobed, yellow.
Stigma truncated, obscurely bordered, bilabiate, lips di-
verging, the upper largest and pointed: Style clavate, bent,
colourless towards the stigma, purple below: Germen un-
equally obcordate, green, compressed. __.
_Novrratt quotes, though with doubt, the Poryeara
uniflora of MicnHavx as a synonym for this species ; but as
it is beardless, which no specimen, even imperfect, of this
plant, ever is, and as the inflorescence is quite different,
they must be distinct, though P. pares has often one
flower only. This species is altogether overlooked by
Micnaux. De Canpo1te, in his Prodromus, mentions the
P. purpurea of Hortus Kewensis, as the same with P. pau-
cifolia, although the former plant is stated in that work to
be. woody. es :
This beautiful little plant flowered sparingly last year in
the Nursery Gardens of Mr. Cunninenam, at Comely Bank,
near Edinburgh, having been introduced from Canada by
Mr. Brain. During the month of May, 1828, it has blos-
somed abundantly, and formed one of the most. pleasing
objects in Mr. Cunnineuam’s extensive collection. Its roots
spread widely among loose vegetable soil, and in a cool
frame, under the shade of the garden wall. Granam. -
Fig. I. The three outer Leaflets of the Calyx. 2. One of the inner ditto.
3. The combined Petals. 4. Stamens, 5, Pistil—Magnified.
2855
ae
0 ER
op.a5@ (2688 bapa :
BuDDLEA CONNATA, ~ Coxwar 'E-LEAV!
Buppura. ew, pee
Jobst aoa
Class and Order,
( Nat. t. Ord —Vamers. 4
iets Character.
Cal. A-fidus. Cor. 4-fida,
tum gFicageh ten valvarum:
ay
+* *
ternatim. ‘divi bi
Buppiea connata. Pau et
81. fb. Roem. et Sch
Veget. v. 1. p. 431.
feet high, branches obscurely angular, glabrous above, pu Y
cent. Leaves: the largest of them six to seven inches long,
lanceolate, serrated, glabrous on the upper
bescent_ and even white and tomentose — ?
attenuated, entire, till at the connate bases, where the mar-
gin is waved, and. general r dilated into ear-like appen-—
age on each side; but in el ves, the margin is
there quite regular. Fron of these leaves, in our —
imens, spring the flo , angular, with one or '
pairs of opposite branches, which, with the centre axis,
make them appear ternately d divided ; each branch or pedi.
ce
* In honour of Apam Buns an English Botanist of the last century,
whose Herbarium is 2 in the British Museum.
cel bearing a globose head of deep orange-coloured, power-
fully-scented flowers, resembling that of honey. Beneath
uh head of flowers.is‘a pair of small linear-lanceolate leaves.
Calyx almost as long as the tube of the flower, pubescent ;
segments acute. Corolla with the tube externally pubes-
cent, limb spreading, the segments obtuse, the mouth a
little hairy. ‘Sfaméns inserted near the mouth of the tube.
Style as long as the corolla: Stigma obtuse, slightly notch-
4 green.
All that has hitherto been known of this species of Bup-
DLEA, is from the figure:and description of Ruiz and Pavon,
who found it an inhabitant of the province of Chancay.
The seeds from which our plants were raised, were sent
to the Glasgow Botanic Garden from Valparaiso, by A.
Cruicxsnanks, Esq. It forms a handsome greenhouse
shrub, flowering in the beginning of May, and remarkable
for its curiously connate foliage. _ |
Ruiz and Payon’s figure, indeed, differs slightly from
ours, in the crenated, not serrated margin of the leaves, and
in those crenatures extending down to the auriculated base.
In the older leaves these auricles become obsolete.
Fig. 1. Flower.—Slightly magnified. _
2854.
WT H.del? Pub by S Curtis Walyorth, Sept-l 1P 22. Swan Se
ErtosTtemon SALICIFOLIUS. -Wintow-Leaven
ERiosTeEmon. 4 4
3 oti Claes’ chi Order.
ino elf Decanpria Monoeynta.
: Sarre | Nat. Ord.—Ruraces. )
Generic : Chilracier:
Cal. 5-partitus.. Pet..5. Stam. 10, filamentis hispidis
ciliatis aut nudis, antheris terminalibus. Stylus brevissi-
mus. Carpella 5, basi coalita. Semina in loculis 2, aut
abort solitaria. Embryo subcurvatus, radicula longa.
Frutices arboresve nunc Diosmis nunc Croweis, nunc Phe.
allie alipes, foliis alternis simplicibus, floribus axillaribus,
#4 os Loe TSE ne fs ny iy ; ;
= ~ Specific . Character and: Sync
Enrostemon* salicifolium; foliis lineari-lanceolatis integer-
subsessilibus. basi bracteolatis solitariis, calycibus pe-
_. talisque extus canescentibus, filamentis hispidis. DC.
Ertostemon salicifolium. Smith in Rees’ Cycl. D C. Prodr.
v. 1. p. 720. Adr. Juss. Rutac. t.21. f. 25. eng.
| Syst. Veget.v. 2. p. 38215 ; |
Crowea saligna. Sieber. Fl..Nov. Holl. No. 294.
ies aa Graham in Edin. N. Phil. Journ. 1827,
as Le
Descr. An erect shrub, with the stem more or less round-
ed, the branches triquetrous, often scabrous. _ Leaves scat-
tered, erecto-patent, linear-oblong, somewhat falcate, cori-
ous, quite entire, a little concave in front, roughish,
ss; the midrib obscurely prominent behind, pay
as
ae
$$ — ae
———
a
* From spor, wool, and snwr, a stamen: the filaments of the stamens being
more or less woolly, or hairy.
obsolete on the superior surface. Flowers axillary, soli-
tary, pale lilac, on short scaly pedicels; pedicels slightl
downy. Grauam. Cal. deeply quinquefid,.of five rounded,
equal, somewhat downy, fringed lobes, small in proportion
to the corolla. Petals oblong, or ovato-oblong, with three
lines in the centre. Stamens ten, hypogynous, incurved and
connivent at the top: -Filgments alternately longer, taper-
ing, white, with numerous spreading hairs in the front at the
margin: the longer ones:with a swelling, which is beset
with small, spherical glands, s beneath the anther, but
ovate-acuminated, largest. on the shortest filament, and the
last to discharge the pollen, which is of a deep orange
colour. Piséil much shorter than the stamens: Germen
of five lobes, dotted with glands seated upon a fleshy base ;
each lobe is one-celled, and has two ovules: Style of five
united into one, which scarcely rises above the lobes of the
germen, is sunk’ between them, and which at the base has
a few white hairs; | Hs bit HS
‘Communicated from the Edinburgh Botanic Garden, by
Dr. Grauam, who described it in JamEson’s Journal, under
the name of Crowea scabra. I fear, that I may’ have my-
self, from too hasty a comparison of the plant, have been
accessory to that gentleman’s considering it to be a Crowea:
for it is the same as what is sent by our valued correspond-
ent Mr. Fraser, under the name of Crowea saligna, and
Dr. Srezer has published it under that name. It is, howe-
ver, as Dr. Granam has ascertained, a true Eriosremon,
and certainly the E: salictfolium, which is admirably describ-
ed by Sir James Surru, in Rees’s Cyclopedia, where, as well
as by De Canpotte, it is acknowledged to have quite the
appearance ofa CrowWEA. ,
Its flowering season is April: but it ‘does not grow freely,
though treated with the same care as the generality of New
Holland plants : but ‘it is unquestionably one highly ‘deserv-
ine of cultivation. =
t was introduced to the gardens of this country by Mr.
Fraser, and to him we are likewise indebted for our dried
imens. /
_ It is curious, that Sprencet makes Ertosremon mascu-
line, Smara feminine, and De Canpo1te neuter :—the
former is surely correct, Jua, a stamen, is indeed neuter ; but
ornjsv, oves IS masculine, from which our word immediately
comes.
Fig. 1. Petals. 2. “Shorter Stamen; back view. ‘3. Longer Stamen, back
view. 4. Upper Part of the Stamen, front view. 5. Ditto of the Upper
Part of a longer Stamen, 8. Scaly Pedicel and Calyx.—Magnified.
Pub. bv &. Cnrits. Walworth: Vel 218 FE. Soi
W..7 27, dade
| SAPONARTA GLUTINOSA. 7 (CrAsiry-srankep
Soapworr. © |
3
Lie po Order.
sO0T kL: if
“Decaxpnia Drovma.
iiuebs vo aparots
ee Nat. Ord —Canvormvutza. )
alan Character
Cal. oylindrictss Basi ‘nudus.. Petala 5; ‘ungiiculata. —
Capsula ares. yee rig ner oerg
Saronsnia® 7 aistihoedls floribus’ faseicult - cory
calycibus > glanduloso- -hispidis_ Mat ‘ ilis
SF 4 crept 5 eee:
"Se 43a Beat ik a
"de :
SAPONARIA olutinas, Biebs Fl Taner. Oniid) 0. EE p. 922.
“ Cent. 2. t. 66.” De Cand Syst. Veget. v. 1. p. 365,
Spreng. Syst. Veget. v. 2. p. 374.
SILENE Armeria. _ Pall. Ind. Aa ¢ Bieb. )
Descr. Plant apparently biennial, from one to two feet
high when cultivated, with a roundish erect stem, having
many, 5 anges reddish- Fie se branches, and, as is the
whole plant, clothed with glandular, viscid hairs, much
fewer upon the leaves, especially upon the lower ones.
Leaves opposite, ovate; the uppermost ones cordate, ses-
sile and subperfoliate ; those at the base attenuated into a
broad, flat petiole ; all of them peice at the margin, and
having
* Saponaria—from sapo, soap. Because the bruised leaves of one species,
S. officinalis, are said to form a lather when agitated in water,
having three red nerves. Flowers in threes, collected into
dense terminal, panicles, upon the stems and branches, with
small, leaf-like bractee at the base of the divisions. . Calyx
purple, cylindrical, an inch or an inch and a half long, very
glandular and viscid, five-toothed, and having ten striz.
Petals five: Claw very long; limb very small, deep rose
colour, linear, recurved between the teeth of the calyx,
bidentate, at their base having a bipartite gland or nectary.
Stamens ten. Anthers purple, roundish. Pistil: Germen
on ashort, thick pedicel, green, with a longitudinal furrow
on each side: Styles two, filiform, as long as the stamens,
purple at the extremity: Stigmas acute. The fruit I have
not seen, but the germen is evidently two-celled.
An inhabitant of the Taurian mountains, according to
Bieserstein, its original discoverer, growing along the mar-
ope of woods in sterile places, particularly abundant about
emirdschi. I possess a specimen from Sreser’s Cretan
collection, gathered at Lassiti, which differs in no respect
from that here figured, but in being smaller, and having
the leaves narrower, and the radical ones upon longer pe-
tioles. It is a very desirable plant for the garden. The
flowers, though small, are of a vivid red, and the purple
calyces and stems and nerves to the leaves have a rich
effect.
Cultivated in the Glasgow Botanic Garden, where it was
raised from seeds sent by Dr. Fiscuer from St. Petersburg.
It flowers in the month of June.
sad 1. Flower. 2. Petal. 3. Pistil, 4, Section of a Germen—Mag-
nified, :
; fh i
JIN, Ne
\aae i we i
2856,
| ( 2856 ) |
ImaTopHyttum Artront. HANDSOME-
FLOWERED IMATOPHYLLUM.
Sea seooiokaboosobebebeekobsbak ak abate
Class and Order.
Hexanpria Monoeynia.
( Nat. Ord.—AmaryiuipEz. )
Generic Character.
Flores umbellati, spathacei, nutantes. Perianthium su-
perum, subcurvatum, sexpartitum, tubulosum, laciniis sub-
zqualibus. Stamina basi submonadelpha, tubo inserta,
perianthio longiora. Germen globosum, hexagonum: ‘Sty-
lus filiformis, exsertus: Stigma ities reg sie
trilocularis, loculis trispermis. NN ase bs
Habitus Cyrtanthi ; sed radix fibrosa: folia numere
loricata, distucha, marginata: umbella multiflora, loribus —
vix curvatis, limbo perianthii profunde peperins stamina
exserta.
Specific Name.
IMATOPHYLLUM * Aztoni.
Descr. Root perennial, consisting of numerous ire nat
thick, fleshy, simply or branched fibres. Leaves Mews
long, spreading out in a distichous manner, strap-s
flat, striated, green, with a diaphanous, jagged margin
apex blunt, almost retuse, the bases sheathing ez
and purplish. On breaking a leaf, a greenish, gelatinous
fluid exudes in considerable quantity, which has the flavor
and smell of a fully ripe apple. From the centre of these
leaves arise one or more erect, rounded scapes, with a large
; " s—ee
rr 3
* From Iwas, mares, a thong, or strap, and Quiver a leaf, from the shape of
the foliage. = .
umbel at the extremity, of handsome, numerous, drooping
flowers, accompanied by a many-leaved spatha, which soon
withers. Peduncles filiform, glabrous. Pertanth superior ;
of six somewhat incurved and slightly unequal, lanceolate,
acute, orange-green segments, united at the base into a
tube. Stamens six, inserted at the top of this tube, and, at
the very base of the filaments, monadelphous: longer than
the perianth. Anthers oblong, yellow, fixed near the cen-
tre of the back ; the.célls opening at the sides. Germen
globose, with six angles and three cells, each with three
ovules: Style longer than the stamens, filiform: Stigma
trifid. Fruit, a large, three-celled, red Berry, containing
about six, somewhat triangular, whitish seeds, clothed with
a double integument; the outer loose and pulpy. Albumen
between waxy and horny. Embryo cylindrical.
ef Fe Ee REET} OR So Pes SEES
fom piTiog. .Greohniems fA AMBG see TRV odie IS
Mr. Bowie, who so successfully explored the Botany of Soith-
ern Africa, and enriched the Royal Gardens at Kew with many of
its choicest productions, in the summer of last year, immediately
previous to Ris return to the Cape, mentioned to me‘a Cyrtanthus-
ike plant, which he had there found and imported, and which, if
it blossomed in this country, he desired might bear the Specific
Name of this patron, Mr. Arron, At the same time, the letter
enclosed one or'two of thé wild specimens of the flowers, and a
small piece of the leaf; from which it was evident that, however
closely allied the plant might be to Cyrtantuvs, it could not
rank in the same Genus. as
A specimen having flowered in October of last year, in the
noble gardens at Sion House, Mr. Forrest, under whose skilful
—— is placed the whole of those truly B see. collections,
kindly requested His Grace the Duke of NortHuMBeRLAND’s
permission for a drawing to be made of the plant, from which,
the accompanying figure is copied, Mr. A1rTon has likewise been
so obliging as to send méa pees and specimens of the fruit,,
with the particulars of its habitat, extracted from Mr. Bowte’s.
notes +“ on shaded spots, near Quagee flats, and more common in
the Albany tracts, near the great Fish River.” |
nn
¢
<
=
_ Fig.l. Lower part of'a Plant, to shew the Root. 2,3. Flowering Scape
and portion of a leaf, natural size. 4. Flower, from which the segments of
the Perianth are removed. 6. Anther. 7. Pistil. 8. Section of the Ger-
men. 9. Berry, natural size. 10, Seed, natural size. 11, Section of
ditto —Figures 4—8 magnified.
2857.
ZX. dal® Pae be & Carits Walworth: Oct? 7 2E2h.
SIDA SESSILIFLORA. SEssILE-FLOWERED
: Pe k t ;
Class and Order.
Mowabenrara Poryanpria.
( Nat. Ord.—Maxvacex. )
Generic Character.
_ Calyx nudus, 5-fidus, sepe angulatus. Stylus apice mul-
tifidus. Carpella capsularia 5—30 circa axim verticillata,
plus minusve inter se coalita, 1-locularia, mono- aut oligo-
sperma, apice mutica aut aristata. D C. 2
Specific Character.
Siva * sessiliflora ; mollissima pubescens, subherbacea (?),
foliis cordatis acutis serratis, floribus subglomeratis
sessilibus axillaribus terminalibusque, capsulis 10 pu-
bescentibus muticis, corolla calyce vix duplo longiore.
ee
‘Descr. Plant, in our stove, from two to three feet high,
having the stem rounded, branched, soft with very nume-
rous short hairs, and apparently more herbaceous than
woody. Leaves rather distantly placed, beautifully soft
with short hairs or down (as is every part of the plant), ex-
actly cordate, rather acute, veined, distinctly serrated,
darkish green, paler beneath. Petiole about as long as the
leaf, swollen just beneath its insertion on the leaf, and, at
the base, having on each side a subulate stipule. The
flowers are small, generally produced two together, in 4
ax
* From oidy, an ancient Greek name, supposed to have been applied to some
plant allied to the Marsh-Mallow.
axils of the superior leaves, or clustered at the extremity of
the branches, all sessile, or having so short a pedicel as to
- appear destitute ofany.. Calyx cup-shaped, with five acute,
almost erect segments. Corolla yellow, a little inclining to
orange ; petals roundish .er obecordate. Stamens nume-
rous, united by their filaments into a tube, yellow. Pistz :
Germens ten, pubescent, united around the base of the
style, destitute of spines: Styles ten, united in their lower
half: Stigmas clavate.
The seeds of this, which I take to be an undescribed spe-
cies of Srna, were sent from Menpoza in South America, by
Dr. Gitures, and produced plants, which flowered in the
stove of the Glasgow Botanic Garden, in November, 1827.
The flowers are very small, and not possessed of bright
colours; so that, as an ornamental plant, it is scarcely
worthy of cultivation, =
‘There seem to be few species of this Genus described
whose flowers are sessile, or subsessile. Amongst them is
the S. pellita of Kunrn (holosericea of Sprene.); but that
has birostrate capsules, and ‘the S. verticillata, which is
said to be a somewhat hairy plant, and to have only five
birostrate capsules.
“Fig 1, Pistib—-Mapnifed.:
EP LLEGs.
its Wale oth OF:
SinveRsIA TRIFLORA. ’ THRE-FLOWERED: «
SIEVERSIA fi) ioc
§
eee fe el
FL aS. Se SFP
POSSETT iT
Se Class and Order. |
iy ~ Icosanpria Potyeyntia.
rt
qeiokda shar Nat: Ord. ~-Rosacez. )
7 ‘Generic Character.
Cal. 10-fidus, laciniis alternis minoribus. Pet.5. Cary-
opses stylis rectis coronate. Spr. 5a
Specific Character and Synonyms.
SreverRsiA* ay ; foliis radicalibus interrupte pinnatis
pilosis, foliolis cuneatis inciso-dentatis, caule simplici
sub-3 floro, petalis calycem equantibus, aristis longis-
simis villosis. Spr. die
SreversiA triflora. Brown in Parry’s First Voy. App. p.
cclxxvt. in adnot. Richardson in toga phd ed, 2.
App. p. 21. Spreng. Syst. Veget. v. 2. p. 543. :
eave teikbrdin: Pursh i of N. Am. v. 2. p. 736. (in
Suppl.) De Cand. Prodr. v. 2. p. 553. Richardson
tn Frankl. Journ. ed. 1. App. p. 740. sr teats.
Descr: Root perennial, woody, subfusiform, throwing
out from beneath many radicles. Leaves radical, from four
to six inches or more in length, with an oblong or obovate
outline; interruptedly pinnated ; the pinne placed close to
each other, often imbricated ; the upper ones more or less
united at their base ; all of them pubescenti-hirsute, sub-
cuneate, nerved, with the margins deeply cut and serrated ;
Pe 5 - gradually
—-
* So named by Winupenow, probably after some Botanist of the name of
Sievers, but of whose history I am ignorant.
radually ——. smaller towards the base: Petiole
ilated, grooved. Scape from eight or ten inches to a foot
high, terete, purplish, clothed with soft hairs, bearing two
deeply-pinnatifid and laciniated leaves or large bractee
above the middle, which are connate at the base, and ter-
minate in a three-flowered umbel. There are again two
large, laciniated bractee, similar to those just mentioned, at
the base of the pedicels ; and the two lateral ones have simi-
Jar bractee near their middle, while the central flower is
destitute ofthem. These pedicels are from three to four inches
long, each terminated with a solitary, ~—s flower.
Cal. dark purple, with five, erect, large inner laciniz, and
five external, smaller, patent ones. Petals oblong, not
longer than the calyx, white, purplish-red at the extremity
and at the margins, never spreading. In the centre of the
flower is a short, five-lobed, fleshy cup, around which, and
beneath it, are the hairy stamens: and in the centre of
which is an elongated, conical receptacle, with many elon-
gated tubercles, upon which the Pistils are jointed. Ger-
men hairy, tapering gradually into the arista-like style :
_ Stigma obtuse.
A very little known inhabitant of North America, having
been first detected by Mr. Brapsury (some of whose
specimens are in my Herbarium) in Upper Louisiana,
and described by Pursn in the Supplement to his Flora.
Mr. Goxpte found it on the banks of Ohio ; Dr. Ricuarp-
son during his and Captain Franxuin’s first expedition ;
Dr. Morison gathered it in Labrador ; and Mr. Cormack in
Newfoundland ; and at length Mr. Bram brought living
ons from North America, phe White Mountains) which
owered in the collection of Mr. Cunnineuam near Edin-
burgh. But the finest specimens I have ever seen are
amongst Mr. Drummonn’s plants, gathered on the alpine
prairies of the Saskatchawan.
It is quite hardy and has the same graceful appearances,
and subdued, but agreeable colour, as our Geum rivale, and
which caused that plant to be so great a favourite with the
late Sir James Smitu. Indeed, the habit of the two is so
very similar, that it seems almost unnatural to separate
them into different genera, on account of the slight differ-
ence in the style.
+
Fig. 1. Petal. 2. Cup-shaped body in the centre of the Flower, from
around which, all but one Stamen is removed. 3. Receptacle of the Pistils,
with a single Pistil remaining upon it.—Magnified.
LI LLGBE,
a)
Malwarte
o
a
‘Maree.
Lub by SC
a
¥. SJ. del
PULTEN#A PEDUNCULATA. |
| PULTEN EA. - =
Class and Order: a
toHok Decaspnra Moxocrst cnon?
( Nat. Ord. = Lecominoss. )
es
Generic eR ee ro
4
Pye
Cal. 5-fidus, er proportionatis, bibiiicteatus (binetis
sepius ipso tubo insidentibus). Cor. papil
sessile, dispermum. Stylus subulatus, adseende
simplex, eke senna agbis wy ti is int
ei
- a: , E
Paina? P sbasaliatnd pedunculis eine pane ter-
minalibus, fructibus lateralibus, foliis Jineari-lanceo-
_latis. pee ramisque adpresstnpieais, | a
-
Descr. A low growing Ss i! with slender, flexuose
branches, which are deflexed, especially the lower ones,
pubescent ; branchlets numerous. Leaves scattered, small,
linear-lanceolate, sessile, clothed with many appressed
hairs, plane, da green above, pé aed with a
midrib beneath : at their base on the
brown membranaceous stipules, which ‘stand upright and
are appressed to the stem. Flowers in pairs from the ex-
tremity of the young branches : but they afterwards appear
lateral from the pro ongation of their branches. Peduncle
an inch or more in 1 slender, filiform, flexuose. Calyx
: en lines corresponding
ited teeth. There
is
* In honour of Dr, Ricnarp Putrensy, an excellent Natural Historian.
is a pair of linear subulate bractez, one on each side of the
calyx, and inserted on the tubular part. Vexillum obcor-
date, and, as well as the ale, bright yellow. Carina rather
shorter than the ale, reddish, deeper within. Stamens 10,
free: Germen ovate, hairy, vrudthlly tapering into an
adscendent, glabrous style: Stigma a small, rather acute
int. :
The seeds of this species of Putrenza were sent with
many others from New Holland by Mr. Fraser, the govern-
ment Botanist in that Colony. It is distinguished from all
the others of the Genus by its pedunculated flowers, and
especially from the Purrenza tenuifolia of Mr. Brown in
Bot. Mag. t. 2086, which is unquestionably a nearly-allied
species. But the latter has, besides the sessile flowers, much
narrower (linear-subulate) leaves, covered with long and
spreading hairs, the upper side being concave, the lower
convex.. The branches and calyces are likewise clothed
with soft hairs. lie 3
Its flowering season with us, in the greenhouse, is the
month of May.
Fig. 1. Portion of the Stem with Leaves and Stipules. 2. Single Leaf and
Stipules. 3. Flower. 4. Carina. 5. Stamens and Pistil. 6. Pistil.—
Magnified,
2860.
4
W..7 Zabel Lub. by J. Curtis, Walwarth Cet! Llé2¢. ssh
(:':2860 91} -iat ; sostuve ssqqu
Dopon#a atrenvata (Mas.).| ATTENUATED
LEAVED, Dopon#&a.
“Class and Order. -
Ocranpria Monoeynia.
( Nat. Ord.—Sapipacez. )
- Generic Character.
Flores sepe abortu polygami aut dioici. Cal..4-parti-
tus, deciduus. Pet. 9. Stam. 8, filamentis brevissimis,
antheris oblengis linearibusve. Stylus filiformis ab. alis
capsule distinctus, apice subtrifidus. Capsula 2—3 valvis,
2—3-loc. 2—3-alata, angulo centrali 2—3-angulato in faci-
ebus seminifero. _Semina bina subglobosa. Frutices foliis
oblongis sepius viscosis. DC.
Specific Character and Synonym.
Dopon#a* attenuata; foliis lineari-spathulatis basi atten-
uatis subverrucosis rigidis, marginibus subrevolutis
dentatis, floribus dioicis, racemis terminalibus axilla-
ribusque, calycibus demum reflexis viscidis. Graham.
Doponza attenuata. Cunningham in Field’s New South
Wales, p. 353.. ¢ :
Descr. Shrub erect ; stem round, with brown, cracked
bark ; branches scattered, slightly compressed. Leaves
scattered, sessile (three inches long, one quarter of an inch
_ broad), spreading, linear-spathulate, with a small mucro at
the apex, which is not always distinct ; much attenuated
at the base, rigid, rough, with minute ,warty elevations Re
a ae the
* After Dopoens or Dovonzvus, a learned Belgian Botanist and Physician,
who flourished in the sixteenth century.
the upper surface ; middle rib strong and prominent both
above and below ; vezns few and obscure, the margin
slightly reflected, toothed. Racemes terminal and axillary,
rarely compound, bractea ; rachis, pedicels, and calyx
slightly hairy and viscid. Bractee subulate, solitary at
the base of each pedicel and shorter than it. Flowers
nodding ; segments acute, reflected, light green, deciduous
with the other parts of the flower. Stamens eight ; Fila-
ments very short. Anthers large, bilocular, and each lobe
deeply grooved, bursting along the side, erect, and arranged
ina square form around the centre of the flower, yellow.
Pollen abundant, spherical, yellow. Pisti! abortive.
Seeds of this plant were received at the Edinburgh
Botanic Garden, in 1824, from Mr. Fraser, Colonial Bota-
nist, New South Wales. It flowers freely in the green-
house, in the months’of February and March. Grauam.
Professor GraHam considered that this plant might
probably be the Doponza pri of De Canpoxte,
which is among the species dubie of that author. But the
character is so short, that it is impossible to refer any
species decidedly to it. The present plant is, however,
nnquestionably the Dop. attenuata of Mr. Attan Cun-
NINGHAM’s account of some new plants, published in Mr.
Barron Fietp’s “ Memoirs relating to New South Wales’’.
That indefatigable Botanist found it in the channel of
sa River. —
Ve possess in our Herbarium likewise, specimens gather-
ed by Mr. Fraser among the Blue Mountains ; some of
them being females, have given me the opportunity of re-
presenting a flower of that sex and likewise the fruit. The
former has a tripartite, reflexed, calyx ; an ovate triangular
germen, a filiform style, and a clavate wrinkled stigma.
The capsule has three broad, diaphanous nerved wings.
Fig.}. Male Flower. 2. Stamens. 3. Pollen. 4. Female Flower. 5.
Capsule (nat. size). 6. Capsule-—All but Fig. 5. more or less magnified.
J¥aM SC.
Curtis. Walworth, Oct? 189A
’
oe.
A Dy
f.~d
eM aelt
ne mOBL 5 24
IRIs LUTESCENS. PALE YELLOW Iris.
Class and Order,
TRIaNDRIA Monoeyni.
- ( Nat. Ord. — Inez, )
Generic Character.
Cor, 6-partita: laciniis alternis reflexis. Stigmata peta-
liformia. :
Specific Character and Synonyms.
Iris* lutescens; barbata; scapo brevissimo subunifloro,
foliis glaucis, spatha epee tubum corolla ante invol-
vente, pistilli laminis obtusis erectis. / Pie
Tris lutescens. Lam. Encycl. v. 3. p. 285. Willd. Sp. Pl. —
v. 1. p. 225. Red. Liliac. v. 5. t. 263. Ait. Hort. —
Kew. ed. 2. v. 1. p. 118. Roem. et Schultes, Syst.
Veget. v. 1. p. AGA. pa (aed
Iris virescens. Red. Liliac. v. 5. t. 295 ? |
Descr. Stem leafy, flexuose, about’seven inches high,
nearly round, oné-flowered. Leaves scymitar-shaped, and — 2
a little turned forward at the point, partially glaucous or
subpruinose; ribbed, the lowest equal in length to the
stem, the other shorter, sheathing the stem ; sheaths com-
pressed and bordered. Spathe bivalvular, longer than the ©
tube of the corolla ; valves ‘pointed, herbaceous, green,
membranous and withered towards their apices; outer
valve rather the broadest, but ‘scarcely longer than the
other, erect; the inner sheathing the tube of the corolla,
and slightly inflated. Peduncle about three-eighths of an
inch long, nearly round, succulent and almost i pee ;
it lice
ee =
* From the varied ‘ween a colours of the flower, as those of the rainbow.
by its side within the spathe there*is a small awl-shaped
thread, the abortive representation of a second peduncle.
Corolla pale yellow, delicate ; nearly the whole of the outer
segments, and the claws of the inner, streaked with pale
brown ; segments undulate, crenulate, especially towards
their extremities, of about equal length ; outer ones rolled
backwards, bearded with yellow hairs, spathulated, tapering
gradually towards their base ; inner ones the broadest, bent
across the centre of the flower above the stigmata, oblong
and decurrent upon long winged claws, which are slenderer
than those of the outer segments. All the segments when
decaying have their claws adpressed to the style, and their
lamine folded over the middle of the flower, so as entirely
to close it. Tube exceeding an inch in length ; limb, in-
cluding the claws, about two and a half inches. Stamens
shorter than the stigmata ; filaments subulate, adhering to
the corolla as high as the base of the hairy line ; anthers
white, equal in length to the free portion of the filaments.
Stigmata broader than the portion of the reflected segments
of the corolla, which they cover, about one inch and a quarter
long, upper lip erect, its segments pointed, inciso-serrated.
Style three-sided, free for about half an inch, below which
it is united to the tube of the corolla. Germen half an inch
long, green, trigonous, marked along the middle of each
side by a slightly prominent line, opposite to the insertion
of the dissepiments. Ovules obovate, attached to the cen-
tral column.
This is certainly the Iris /utescens of the authors above quoted;
though Stevpex (Nomenclator Botanicus) says it is not that of
Lamarck; and he refers the I. lutescens of WiLLpDENow and
Hort. Kew. to I. virescens of Dz Canpoute, which SprenGeL
again considers to be I. variegata ; but this species, as figured in
Bot. Mag. t. 16, is held distinct from our plant, by its many-flow-
ered stem, and by the ee of its spatha. The I. lutescens
of SPRENGEL, erroneously attributed to Lamarck, is quite dif-
ferent from our plant; and it is at once distinguished by the ob-
tuse upper-lip of its stigma, and the shortness of its stem. It is,
ae Y me of the modifications of I. pumila, var. lutea, Bot.
ag. t. :
The subject of the present article was given to us by DaviD
Fatconer, Esq. in whose garden at Carlowrie, near Edinburgh,
(distinguished especially for being rich in this genus), it flower-
ed in May, 1828; but our figure was taken from a second speci-
men, sent by him from the garden of Messrs. Dickson & Co.
seedsmen, in Edinburgh.
According to Lamarck, this species of Iris is a native of hilly,
stony: places in France and Germany. GRranHam.
Ai
€ 2862 )
CYNARA CARDUNCULUS, A. Carvoon,
UNARMED var. |
| ai a espero
Claes and’ Order.
Syneenesta PoiyGamra JEQuAis.
( Nat. Ord. — Composrr2. )
Generic Character.
Sqguame involucri basi carnose, spinose. Receptaculum
carnosum, paleis fissis munitum. Pappus sessilis, plumo-
sus. Spreng. |
Specific Character and Synonyms.
Crnara* cardunculus; foliis decurrentibus pinnatifidis
subtus albo-tomentosis spinulosis, squamis involucri
ovato-oblongis. —
Cynara cardunculus. Spreng. Syst. Veget. v. 3. p. 368.
(.) foliis angustis squamisque receptaculi valde spinosis.
Cynara cardunculus. Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 1159. Willd.
Sp. Pl. v.3. p. 1691. Desfont. Fl. Atl. v. 2. p. 248.
De Cand. Fl. Fr. 0.4. p.108. Ait. Hort. Kew. ed.
2. v. 4. p. 487. Pers. Syn. Pl. 0. 2. p. 384.
i sylvestris. (Arricuaut sauvage.) Lam. Dict.
Or tn Deak : 7
Scotymus ee, « Tabern. Ic. 697.”
(8.) foliis angustis fere inermibus, involucro superne
contracto squamis obtuse spinosis. Cultivated Car-
doon. Ic. nostr. t. 2862. :
Descr. (var. 6.) Stem four to five feet high, stout, erect,
branched, especially upwards, striated and ribbed, some-
what woolly, leafy. Leaves very long, especially the lower
: ones,
* From’ xvw, a dog, from a fancied resemblance in the spines of the leaf
to the teeth of a dog.
ones, which extend to three feet and more ; these are deeply
pinnatifid, or even pinnated, with thé pinne decurrent, the
segments pinnatifid, the divisions piblongeslanscelite, more
or less acute, the sinus, and they alone, frequently furnished
with a soft, blunt spinule. The midrib is remarkably large
and thick, grooved on the upper side, the underside semi-
cylindrical, marked with prominent lines, the inner part
thick and fleshy, and abounding in bundles of longitudinal
vessels, veins numerous, anastomosing ; the upper leaves
become gradually smaller, narrower, and less pinnatifid,
till, just beneath the flower, they pass into linear bracteas :
the upper is dark green, obscurely tomentose, the under-
side white with tomentum. Heads of Flowers large, nume-
rous. Involucre broadly, almost rotundato-ovate, imbri-
cated loosely with ovato-oblong, subattenuated, rigid scales,
urple at the extremity, the base green and fleshy, more or
ess spotted with purple, and waved : the upper and inner
scales are smaller, scariose, brown: the outermost and
lower ones patent, or even reflexed. Receptacle thick,
fleshy, and nearly plane, abounding in chaffy, filiform, white
hairs, among which are inserted the numerous florets which
are placed erect, all tubular, the tube long, white, swelling
upwards, and there purple, just before it breaks into the
five linear, blue segments. Anthers dark purple, through
which passes, much exceeding them in length, the linear,
blue style, or perhaps it should be considered the stigma,
for though it is bifid merely at the extremity, a line is
visible, passing through it. Germen small. Pappus rather
shorter than the tube of the flower, feathery. |
~ It has now, I believe, been generally acknowledged,
that the Artichoke (Cynara Scolymus. L.) is but a variety
of the Cardoon, depending on cultivation; and differing
from this latter in its broader, spineless foliage, humbler
growth, shorter and less branched stems, and larger and
more fleshy heads: thus the heads of the Artichokes, and
the stems of the Cardoons, or the midribs of their leaves,
are employed for culinary purposes. 7
The plant here figured has, like the Artichoke, spineless
leaves, but it has the other characters of the Cardoon
family, and is one with the beauty of which I was much
struck in the Garden of the Horticultural Society of Edin-
burgh, in the autumn of last year, 1827 ; and indeed I can
scarcely conceive a more highly ornamental plant for any
shrubbery or extensive garden. It was received at Edin-
burgh from the Horticultural Society of London, and is
probably
probably the fourth variety of Cardoon described by Mr.
Anprew Maruews, in the 7th vol. p. 12, of the Transac-.
tions of that most useful Institution. The stems, however;
had not that deep tinge of red which could entitle it to the
name of Red Cardoon.”
The different kinds of Cardoon are eaten, after being
blanched, as a salad, or boiled or stewed ; but by no means
so generally in Britain as upon the Continent, though, ac-
cording to Mr. Neitz, it was cultivated at Holyrood Palace
so earlyas 1683. Its native countries are the South of Europe
and the North of Africa; but the seeds having been con-
veyed to South America, it has escaped into the extensive
plain that lies between Buenos Ayres and the Andés, and
has given such an extraordinary feature to that country, as
deserves to be recorded under the history of the species.
*« The great plain or Pampas of the Cordillera,” says Capt:
Heap, in his ‘ Rough Notes taken during some rapid Jour-
neys across the Pampas and among the Andés,’ ‘is about nine
hundred miles in breadth ; and the part which I have visited,
though under the same latitude, is divided into regions of
different climate and produce. On leaving Buenos Ayres,
the first of these regions is covered for one hundred and
eighty miles with clover and thistles*; the second, which
extends for four hundred and fifty miles, produces long
grass; and the third region, which reaches the base of the
Cordillera, is a grove of low trees and shrubs. The second
and third of these regions have nearly the same appearance
throughout the year, for the trees and shrubs are evergreens,
and the immense plain of grass only changes its colour from
green to brown; but the first region varies with the four
seasons of the year in a most extraordinary manner. i
7 winter,
* I feel myself justified, although Captain Heap does not mention the
scientific name of this “ Thistle,” in calling it the Cardoon, from the circum-
stance of my most intelligent friend and valued correspondent Dr. Gites of
Mendoza, having sent me the Cardoon from similar situations in South Ame-
rica, accompanied by the following remarks :— This Thistle is very common
in all the province of Buenos Ayres ; it grows to a height of six to eight feet
and upwards. The florets of several flowers, if tied up in a rag, and put into
a quantity of warm milk fora few minutes, or stirred about among it, coagulate
the milk, in the same manner as rennet ; and the plant is commonly used for
this purpose in Buenos Ayres as well as at Mendoza, where it is not unfre-
quent in cultivated fields. 1 presume it is not indigenous to Mendoza, but
introduced by some accident. It is also sometimes used as a vegetable for
the table. The tender footstalks of the leaves, and also the young stems, when
they are boiled, and the outer skin is taken off, have the flayour of Artichoke.
winter, the leaves of the thistles are large and luxuriant,
and the whole’ surface of the country has the rough appear-
ance of a turnip field.. The clover at this season is ex-
tremely rich and strong ; and the sight of the wild cattle,
grazing in full liberty on such pasture, is beautiful. In
spring, the clover has vanished, the foliage of the thistle has
extended across the ground, and, the country still looks as
if covered with a rough crop of turnips. In less than a
month the change is most extraordinary; the whole region
becomes a luxuriant wood of enormous thistles, which have
suddenly shot up to a height of ten or eleven feet, and are
all in full bloom. The road or path is hemmed in on both
sides ; the view is completely obstructed ; not an animal
is to be seen; and the stems of the thistles are so close to
each other, and so strong, that independent of the prickles
with which tag ame armed, they form an impenetrable bar-
rier. The sudden growth of these plants is quite astonish-
ing ; and though it would be an unusual misfortune in
military history, yet it is really possible that, an invading
army, unacquainted with this country, might be imprisoned
by these thistles, before it had time to escape from them.
The summer is not over before the scene undergoes another
rapid change ; the thistles suddenly lose their sap and ver-
dure, their heads droop, the leaves shrink and fade,: the
stems become black and dead, and they remain rattling
with the breeze one against another, until the violence of
the pampero or hurricane levels them with the ground,
where they rapidly decompose and disappear,—the clover
rushes up, and the scene is again verdant.” Paris
Fig. 1. Portion of a Leaf, nat. size. 2. Floret. 3. Stamens, 4. Hair
from among the Florets of the Receptacle —Magnified.
HW? Biel?
BS oases eer 5 wand O:
2 z, a x» Yo Py pp AMO. Pox
LUE. bp L Curt RAM THEN. £ L
ao. .
et?
SreversiA Pecxiur. Mr. Pecx’s Steversia.
Class and Order.
IcosANDRIA Potyeynia.
( Nat..Ord. — Rosacea. )
Generic Character.
Cal. 10-fidus, laciniis alternis aiinonbis, Petala 5:
Caryopses stylis rectis coronate. Spreng. 3
, Specific Character and Synonyms. = ————
Sreversia Peckii; foliis radicalibus lyrato-pinnatis, pinnis
lateralibus paucis minutissimis, terminali maxima
- reniformi-cordata lobato-serrata, caule pauce folios
apice paniculato. | | ‘ eS 4
Sreversia Peckii*. Brown in Parry’s Second Voyage.
‘App. p. celxxvt. (in adnot. ) ‘iid
Geum Peckii. Pursh Fl. of N. Am. 0.1. p.352. Nutt.
Gen. v. 1. p. 309. Torrey Fl. of Midl. St. v1.
p. 494. Bigelow Fl. Bost. ed. 2. p. 208. De Cand.
Prodr. v. 2. p. 554. Spr. Syst. Veget. v. 2. p. 543.
th ti — , . ? cs
Descr. Root perennial, woody. Stem a foot or more
high, rounded, pilose, branched upwards, so as to be pani-
culated. Leaves mostly radical, upon long, hairy petioles,
and in reality, pinnated: but having the lateral pinne so
few and so small that, in some specimens, they may be
easily overlooked; these are oblong or cuneate, aa -
e
* Peckii: named in honour of Mr. Peck, Professor of Natural History, if
I mistake not, in the University of New Cambridge, State of New England.
He was a zealous Entomologist, and communicated many curious Insects to
Mr. Kirpy. -
the extremity : the terminal pinna is remarkably large, re-
niformi-cordate, slightly hairy, especially on the nerves, the
margin cut into many lobes, and serrated. The leaves of
the stem scarcely any, except at the branching of the pa-
nicle, and there shay may be considered as bracteas, cordate,
sessile, inciso-laciniate. Flowers terminal, solitary upon
each ramification or peduncle. Calyx hairy, the tubular
part larger and more distinct than in any other of this
family, almost urceolate, as in Rosa. Outer segments of
the calyx very small. Petals bright yellow, showy,
roundish, waved. Stamen yellow. Receptacle of the pistils
elongated. Germen oblong, hairy: Styles scarcely longer
than the calyx, hairy below, straight : Stigma obtuse.
I have native specimens of this rare species of Sreversia
from Dr. Nurratt and Dr. Boorr, gathered by those gen-
tlemen in the White Mountains of New Hampshire, and find
them exactly to correspond with the subject here figured,
and which was brought from the same country, and proba-
bly from the same mountains, to Mr. Cunninenam, near
Edinburgh, in whose collection it flowered m June of this
year, 1828. 7
It comes very near the Sreversia rotundifolia of Cuamisso
and Scuiecurenpat in the second vol. of the Linnea, p. 4,
a native of Kamtschatka, and also of the N. W. coast of
America, whence I have specimens from Mr. Menzies,
and which is identical with the Geum radiatum of Micuaux
and Pursu ; and is distinguished from S. Peckii, by its
more deeply cordate, radical leaves, whose lobes almost
meet at the base, and the much larger cauline ones.
Fig. 1. Receptacle with two of its Pistils—Magnified.
2864.
OTH. OL?
Pub By S. Cuartis Walworth,War? WbLb |
( 2864 )
SALVIA PSEUDO-COCCINEA. HAIRY-STALKED
ScarLetT SAGE.
SEEK KEKE EERE EERE EEE EEK
* Class and Order.
Dianpria Monoeynta.
( Nat. Ord. — Laziarz, )
Generic Character.
Cal. bilabiatus, 3—5 dentatus. Cor. bilabiata, lab. sup.
galeato, inf. trilobo. Filamenta basi appendiculata (an-
theras spurias sepe gestantia.) Caryopses 4. Spr.
Specific Character and Synonyms.
Satvia* pseudo-coccinea; caule fruticoso, ramis pilosis,
foliis ovato-oblongis (cordatisve) acutis crenatis pubes-.
centibus, verticillis sexfloris subdistantibus, bracteis
ovato-acuminatis calyce brevioribus.
Satvia pseudo-coccinea. Jacq. Coll. v.2. p. 302. Hjusd.
Icones, v.2. p.2. t.209. Willd. Sp. Pl. vo. 1. p. 1A.
Roem. et Schultes Syst. Veg. v. 1. p. 231. et Mant. in
vol. 1. p. 185. Humb. Nov. Gen. et Sp. v. 2. p. 239.
Spreng. Syst. Veg. v. 1. p. 58.
Descr. A small, slender, shrubby plant, about two feet
high, with upright, hairy, tetragonal branches, and oppo-
site, downy leaves, which are petiolate, varying in shape,
ovate or oblong, in our plants more inclining to cordate,
deeply veined, the margin crenulated, the apex more or
less acute. Whorls remote, of six flowers, having two,
ovate,
* Satvia: from salvo, to keep safe, on account of the imagined medicinal
properties of some of the species :—pseudo-coccinea, from ¥évdns, that which
puts on the appearance of, or is like SaLvia coccinea.
ovate, subulato-acuminate, pale green bractez, shorter than
the calyx, hairy at the margin. Pedicels short. Calyx
subcylindrical, pubescent, a little hairy at the mouth,
striated, green, deep purple on the back, two-lipped, upper
lip the longest, the.sides inflexed, acute, entire, the lower
one bifid. _ Corolla thrice as long as the calyx, bright scar-
let, downy : tube cylindrical : upper lip small, galeate, the
sides compressed ; lower, large, three-lobed: lobes rounded,
the intermediate one much the largest, bifid, concave.
Stamens two: pedicel geniculated ; filament abortive at
the lower extremity ; the other bearing aone-celled, oblong
anther, and protruded: Style also protruded: Stigma bifid.
A very beautiful and most desirable stove plant, having
very richly coloured blossoms, which continue long in
perfection. It is a native of South America, and was first
described by Jacquin. Humegonpr found it in New Anda-
lusia. Our plants in the Glasgow Botanic Garden were sent
to us a few years ago by the late Baron pr Scuacx, from
the Island of Trinidad. _ .
Fig. 1, Stamen. 2. Calyx, seen from the underside —Magnified.
LITLE. WiabwOF TRL OK TEZR
Pub By PL
( 2865)
BLUMENBACHIA INSIGNIS. PALMATED
BLUMENBACHIA,
KEK EERE ERK ERE KR ER
Class and Order.
PotyApEtrHiaA PoiyanpriA.
( Nat. Ord.—Loasez. )
Generic Character.
_ Calycis tubus spiraliter striatus ovario adherens ; limbus
5-partitus, marcescens. Petala 5, compresso-cucullata,
Squame 5 petalis alterne, singule filamenta 2 sterilia in-
cludentes. Stam. plurima in fasciculos 5 petalis oppositos
disposita. Stylus 1 obtusus. Fructus fungosus in partes
10 basi spirales dehiscens, 5 alterne tenuiores (dissepi-
menta), 5 crassiores (valve). Semina plura parieti dissepi-
mentorum versus axim adfixa, epidermide indusiata, rugosa.
Herba ramosa, scandens, piloso-pruriens, habitu et inflores-
centia Loasee, sed fructus structura distincta! Pedunculi
axillares l-flori bracteati. Flores albi. De Cand.
Specific Name and Synonyms.
BiumEnBAcHia* insignis. , :
Buumensacuia insignis. Schrad. in Diss. de Blumenbachia.
p- 9. t. 1. Sweet. Brit. Fl. Gard. t. V1. De Cand.
~ © Prodr. v.3. p. 340. |
Loasa palmata. Spreng. Syst. Veget. v. 2. p. 601. De
Cand. Prodr. v. 3. p. 342. .
96)
Pee
Deser: Stem climbing, much branched, herbaceous,
four-sided, rising from a perennial root, and clothed, as is
almost every part of the plant, with small, glandular hairs
an
ay
* So named, by Dr. Scurapsr, after the celebrated German physician,
Dr. Buumenbacn, —
and larger stings, as in the genus Loasa. Leaves opposite,
remote, palmato-partite, or sometimes pinnatifid, the seg-
ments oblong, deeply inciso-serrate, nerved. Petioles about
an inch long. From the axils of the upper leaves, princi-
pally, the flower-stalk rises, three to four inches long,
spreading or erect when in flower, deflexed in fruit, curved
at the very extremity, and bearing there a small bractea.
Calyx superior, of five, deep, lmear segments, which are
incurved, and much shorter than the corolla. Petals five,
spreading, pure white, hairy externally, oblong, ungui-
culate, remarkably cucullate, compressed and carinate, with
an apiculus at the extremity, and a large, more or less ser-
rated, tooth at the margin, below the middle. Stamens in
five bundles, alternating with the petals. Filaments white:
Anthers roundish, oblong, yellow. Scales alternating with
the bundles of stamens, thick, fleshy, very concave, bright
yellow, with a brilliant red spot on the back, anda red
thickened margin at the top; the lateral margins beauti-
fully fringed. From the back of this scale, near the base,
proceed three, long, yellow sete ; and within each scale are
situated two linear falcate, aristate bodies, longer than the
scale itself, and considered to be sterile filaments. Germen
roundish-oval, spirally striated. Style straight, subulate.
Fruit fleshy, separating into ten pieces, alternate five the
largest, and dissepiments; the rest valves, to which are at-
tached near the inner axis, and partly imbedded in the
substance, (on each side three,) ovate, black, wrinkled seeds.
Albumen white, fleshy. Embryo central; radicle superior.
This very curious plant, in habit and in the structure of its
flowers, so closely allied to Loasa, yet in the fruit differing so re-
markably from it, appears to have been introduced into our stoves
by Jonn Hunneman, Esq. probably from Germany; the German |
aturalists having received it both from Monte Video on the
eastern, and from Chili on the western side of South America. It
is now not uncommon in our collections, requiring the same treat-
ment as the rest of the Loasrz. We possess specimens from the
Liverpool, Glasgow, and Edinburgh Gardens. Dre CanpouLe
thinks it probable that the Loasa contorta of Jussieu should be
referred to this genus: and I possess from Buenos Ayres, a spe-
cies gathered by Dr. Ginxies, which I can scarcely distinguish
from Bu. insignis, except by its much more divided (constantly
bipinnatifid) leaves.
a
Fig. 1. Petal. 2. Bundle of Stamens. 3. Scale with abortive Anthers.
4. Abortive Anthers removed from the Scale. 5. Section of an unripe
Fruit. 6. Ripe Fruit. 7. One of the Valves and its accompanying Disse-
piment. 8, Seed. 9. Albumen. 10. Section of the Albumen to shew the
Embryo.—More or less magnified.
Pub. bp S. Curtis, Wad worth: Nor? LIP9P Sarvs
© 2866..).6
OXALIS CARNOSA, Fiesuy Woop-Sorret.
Class and Order.
Decanpria Monoeynia.
( Nat. Ord. — Oxauipez. )
Generic Character.
: Cal. 5-sepalus. «Pet, 5. stamina alterna longiora. Caps.
_ 5-gona, 5-locularis, 5-valvis, seminibus arillatis ad angulos
loculorum fixis. Spr. ,
Specific Character and Synonym.
Oxauis* carnosa ; herbacea glabra, caule perbrevi dentato,
foliolis ternis longe petiolatis obcordatis carnosis sub-
tus punctato-chrystallinis, scapo triflora, calycis foli-
olis duobus exterioribus majoribus planis.
Oxauis carnosa. ‘ Molina.” Bot. Reg. t. 1063.
Descr. Root, a large, subfusiform, tuber, from the crown
of which arises a very short, herbaceous, toothed. stalk.
Upon each tooth is jomted the long, terete petiole, gla-
brous, as is all the rest of the plant. Leaflets ternate,
obcordate, jointed upon the petiole, fleshy, dark green
above, beneath clothed with beautifully minute, perfectly
transparent, chrystalline dots or papilla, which extend to
the very margin, and reflect a yellow or pale golden light.
Scapes generally longer than the leaves, bearing three pedi-
cellated flowers at the extremity, with a pair of oval, convex
bracteas at the base. Calyx having the two outer leaflets
the largest, quite flat and compressed, fleshy, a
ate,
* From ofvs, sour, many of the species being remarkable for their acid
properties.
date, and almost entirely concealing the three inner and more
membranaceous ones; all of them more or less conjoined at
the base. Corolla of five yellow, obcordate petals, united
at the base by a membrane between the claws. Stamens
united at the base: filaments slightly pubescent. Germen
oblongo-cylindrical : Styles five, rather short, filiform :
Stigmas penicelliform, green. 3
This very singular species of Wood-sorrel was received
at the Glasgow Botanic Garden from Valparaiso, by favour
of our often-mentioned friend Mr. Cruicxsnanxs, and is
unquestionably the same with Mr. Linptey’s O. carnosa in
the Bot. Register. That gentleman states it to be the
plant of the same name in Mottna’s Chili. Dx Canpotie
seems to have taken no notice of the species ; and SpRENGEL
has united it with O. magellanica, which, as De CanpoLLE
describes them, has the petioles clothed with hairs of a
brown colour. | ;
_ It is a plant well deserving of cultivation, flowering dur-
ing a great part of the summer, and succeeding well in a
cool greenhouse. It increases readily by the roots, and
would no doubt flourish during the warm season, if planted
in light earth in a sheltered situation in the open air: where
perhaps the leaves would become still larger, and the glit-
tering crystalline appearance of their underside more con-
spicuous, as is the case with the Mrsempryanraemum
chrystallinum, whose frosted appearance is of an exactly
similar nature.
Fig. 1. Single Flower, 2. Portion of the Stamens. 3, Pistil—Magnified.
Lib by 8 Crartis VinoraeNer? LLEP?R
~
WF Bibel
€ 2867 ) 7
DESMODIUM NUTANS. | DroopinG-FLOWERED
DesMopIuM.
ee co
Class and Order.
Diapevpuia Decanpria.
( Nat. Ord. — Lecuminosz. )
: Generic Character.
Cal. basi bibracteolatus ad medium obscure bilabiatus,
Jabio superiore bifido, inferiore 3-partito. Corolla papi-
lionacea vexillo subrotundo, carina obtusa non truncata,
alis carina longioribus. Stamina diadelpha (9 et 1) fila-
mentis subpersistentibus. Legwmen constans articulis plu-
rimis ad maturitatem seudentibus compressis monospermis
membranaceis coriaceisve, non aut vix dehiscentibus.
Specific Character and Synonym.
Desmopium* nutans, fruticosus ramosus, racemis compositis
terminalibus axillaribusque ramisque pendulis, floribus
eminatis bracteis acutis, foliis ternatis pendulis, foliolis
ickitioidele integerrimis utrinque tomentosis, stipulis
subulatis. ,
Hepysarum nutans. Wallich in Herb. Hook.—Graham in
Edin. Phil. Journ. —
a pa rn er ae ~~
eS ————_— > — . 7
Descr. A low slender shrub, much branched ; branches
long, straggling, drooping: bark brown, cracked, scaling
off. Leaves scattered, ternate, leaflets rotundato-rhom-
boidal, undulate, mucronulate, reticulated, soft with a dense,
‘short down on both sides, the terminal one twice the tt
re)
* From d:cuos, a chain, from the bended or articulated appearance of the
seed vessels.
of the others, (three inches in both ways,) and on a petiole
half its own length, the lateral ones just above the middle
of the common petiole, on short, partial footstalks ; common
etiole from its base to the terminal leaflet full three inches
Gi, channelled above. Stipules lateral, subulate. Ra-
cemes a foot in length, terminal or axillary, branched.
Flowers in pairs, on pedicels nearly as long as themselves,
the panicle branching from between them, but many of the
branches shewing no more than their terminal flower-bud.
Calyx four-cleft, opposite ; Segments equal, ovate, subacute,
concave, spreading, and on the outside, as well as the pe-
duncle and pedicels, hairy. Corolla of an uniform delicate
lilac colour, gaping ; vexillwm erect, flattish, subrhomboid,
notched, faintly striated, and marked in the middle with a
deeper purple spot, the lower part of which is green; un-
guis inversely conical ; ban depressed, about as long as
the vexillum, and nearly forming right angles with it,
lower edges in contact in the anterior half, open behind,
abruptly cut down to narrow, flattened, linear claws, which
are continuous with their lower edges ; keel rather paler
than the rest of the flower, and somewhat more distinctly
striated, shorter than the wings, notched at its apex, and
split from the base to nearly half its length, having two
linear claws, above which it is gibbous on both sides, and
adheres there to corresponding depressions of the wings ;
it shuts the aperture between the claws of these, so as with
them to give the form of a boat to the lower half of the
flower. Stamens monadelphous, straight, being scarcely
curved at their apices; anthers yellow. Germen long,
linear, slightly hairy, indistinctly lobed ; style bent at right
angles to the germen, conical, smooth ; sé¢gma terminal,
small, cleft, in contact with the vexillum.
This plant was brought to the Royal Botanic Garden,
Edinburgh, in 1823, under the name here adopted, from
the Botanic Garden of Calcutta, by Dr. Macwuirrer ; and
it has flowered in the stove every summer since. The early
fall of the blossoms, and the small number of them which
expand at a time, are prejudicial to the beauty of this spe-
cies ; but its raceme is large, the hue of the flowers beau-
tiful, and the drooping branches are remarkably graceful.
No fructification has been perfected. :
Fig. 1. Flower. 2. Vexillum. 3. Pistil. 4. Calyx, Stamens, and Pistil.
—Magnified.
{
‘4
#TZ ae?
LUG. Ov |. Cartes. Walworth wove L£IPZP SWHESC
( 2868 )
PASSIFLORA CAPSULARIS. ANGULAR-FRUITED
PASSION-FLOWER.
KEKE EE EEE EERE KEK EEEK
Class and Order.
‘Monape.pnia PEnrAnpRIA.
( Nat. Ord. — Passirtorez. )
Generic Character.
Cal. 10-partitus, laciniis interioribus corollinis. Corona
radiata perigyna. Nectarium in fundo calycis. Tubus
staminifer stylum ringens. Stigmata 3, clayata. Pepo
1-locularis, placentatio parietalis.
Specific Character and Synonyms.
Passirtora * capsularis, foliis sulvelutinis basi cordatis
- bilobis in sinu aristatis subtus petiolisque eglandulosis,
pedicellis solitariis, ovario elliptico-oblongo fructi-
busque acute hexagonis glabris. D C.
“Passirtora capsularis. Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 1357. Willd. Sp.
Pl. v. 3. p.614. Spreng. Syst. Veget. v.3.p. 88. De
Cand. Prodr. 2. 3..p. 328. -— 7 =
Passirtora foliis bilobis. Plum. Pl. Am. ed. Burm. t. 138.
(8.) foliis vix pubescentibus profunde bilobis, lobis oblongo-
lanceolatis. Ic. nostr.¢. 2868.
-
Descr. Stem climbing, glabrous, triangular, purplish
green. Leaves alternate, remote, cordate— at the base,
dividing from below the middle, and spreading into two,
oblongo-lanceolate, acute, entire lobes, glabrous and dark
green above, paler and slightly downy beneath, ee
a - from
« * Flos Passionis: from a fancied resemblance in the different parts of the
flower to the instruments of our Sayiour'’s Passion. '
from glands, having three principal nerves; one in the cen-
tre of the leaf, which terminates in a reflexed mucro within
the sinus; the others running up the middle of each lobe.
Petiole scarcely an inch long, destitute of glands, with two
subulate stipules at the base. Cirrht unbranched. Pe-
duncles single-flowered, axillary, solitary. Calyx of ten,
deep, oblong lobes, greenish white, the five inner smaller
and more delicate. Filamentose crown pale yellow-green,
scarcely so long as the calyx, surrounding a double white
nectarium or cup, one within the other. Column green.
Anther yellow ; germen oblong ; stigmas yellow. Capsule
(immature) two inches long, oblong, acute, sharply six-
angled within, containing many seeds arranged upon three
longitudinal, parietal receptacles.
Received from the West Indies by Dr. Granam, who
communicated a flowering branch, together with the unripe
fruit in the month of June, 1828, from the Edinburgh
Botanic Garden. The plant has the flowers much smaller
than PLumier’s figure represents them, and the leaves much
more deeply lobed, indeed agreeing with Dz Canpoiue’s
var. @. in every thing except the spotted leaves.
Fig. 1. Section of the Capsule.
2869.
oe
Sz
Arrocarpus incisa. Breap-Fruir Tree
(a and B). |
Class and Order.
Monazcra Monanpris.
(Nat. Ord. Urrices. )
2 Geaacse Uharenter...
_Flores amentacei. Masc. Perianthium simplex, mono-
di- triphyllum. Filamentum longitudine perianthii. Fm.
Perianthium monophyllum, ore contracto. _Bacca compo-
Sita, ; series:
Specific Character and Synonyms.
Arrocarpus incisa* ; foliis cuneato-ovatis pinnatifido-loba-
tis glabris, subtus scabris.
(a.) fructu seminifero vulgd Bread Nut. e
Arrocarpus incisa. Linn. Fil. Suppl. p. 411. Willd. Sp.
Pl. 0.4. p.188. Art. Hort. Kew. ed. 2. 0. 5. p. 231.
- ‘Spreng. Syst. Veget. v. 3. p. 804.
Rapemacuia incisa. “ Thunb. Act. Holm. t. 36. p. 250.”
Rima, ou Fruit au Pain. Sonnerat Voy. ala Nouv. Guinée,
p. 99. t. 57—60. :
Soccus granosus. Rumph. Amb. v. 1. p. 112. t. 33.
(8.) fruectu apyreno, vulgé Bread Fruit. _
_ Artocarrus communis. Forster Gen. Pl. p. 102. t. 51. .
Soccus lanosus. Rumph. Amb. v. 1. p. 110. t. 32.
| Descr. hoes, from thirty to forty feet high, with a
diameter of trunk from a foot to a foot and a half, bearing
a large head of many, patent, fragile branches, and abound-
ing in every part with a viscid, milky juice. Leaves from
one to two and even three feet long, and often a foot and a
half broad, coriaceous, alternate, ovate, but cuneate and
entire at the base, the upper part cut in a pinnatifid manner
into from three to nine acute, more or less deep lobes ; on
the suckers the foliage is often entire, and on the shoots
from the larger branches, it has only two or three lobes* :
the upper surface dark green, with numerous yellowish
nerves, almost entirely glabrous, below scabrous, paler in
colour, and marked with very prominent nerves. Petioles
short and thick. Stipules large, soon withering and cadu-
cous, downy. Peduneles axillary, solitary, from within the
upper leaves of the branches : the superior one bearing the
male, the lower, the female flowers ; when young, included
within the same stipule with its accompanying leaf. The
male flowers are very densely crowded around a central,
sponsy receptacle, so as to form a cylindrical or somewhat.
club-shaped catkin, ten to sixteen inches long, and of a
yellowish colour. Perianth monophyllous, cylindrical,
opening half-way down into two valves. Stamen one. Fila-
ment broad, as long as the perianth, white. Anthers round-
ish, two-lobed, two-celled. Female flowers collected into a
globular, echinated head, having a central, spongy recep-
tacle. _Perianths single, fleshy, united indeed, and incor-
porated with each other, except at the very extremity, where
they form as many sharp, pyramidal, downy points. The
lower part only of each perianth is hollow, and downy
within, where the pistil is situated. Germen oval, one-
sometimes two-celled. Style lateral, incorporated with the
solid substance of the upper part of the perianth, and again
appearing beyond the point, where it divides into two sub-
ulate, white stigmas. Fruit becoming a very large, aggre-
gates oval or globose, fleshy Berry, as large as a good-sized
elon ; in «, the seed-bearing kind, remarkably muricated.
A vast number of these perianths prove abortive, and un-
re & no alteration, but in becoming more developed and
leshy ; those in which the fruit ripens, separate from the
rest in the lower part and from the fleshy top, and form a
loose cup-shaped, jagged, membranous receptacle to the
enclosed fruit. Pericarp oval, gibbous on one side, mem-
branous, loose, reticulated, still retaining the withered ay,
—s
* That kind which produces the seedless fruit, especially the Timor Bread
Fruit, has the lobes very deep, reaching almost to the midrib. ;
Swan SC.
oT LIER.
PE LICE
WO
re
2D, BP S. Curtis Va
a
he
Z
tev.Z.G.deé
Seed erect, irregular, oval, brown, veined. Albumen none.
Embryo large, yellowish. Radicle superior. Cotyledons
unequal. (G4 ee! |
The var. @ has the flowers abortive. The styles have
but one stigma, and the fruit, instead of being remarkably
muricated, is marked with reticulations, whose areole are
flat, or but slightly prominent, and it contains no seed.
A tree, producing a fruit, which, without any preparation,
has the appearance of, and is used as a substitute for, bread,
cannot fail to be an object of great curiosity ; and from the
time of Dampier, who appears to have first * made known
the existence of such a plant to Europeans, it has been
spoken of as one of the wonders of the vegetable creation ;
but much of its present celebrity is due to that deeply affect-
ing history of the sufferings of Captain, afterwards Rear
Admiral Buiex, consequent upon the mutiny in the Bounty,
the ship that was employed to convey so valuable a fruit to
our own colonies in the West Indies. =
Dampter saw the tree abundantly in the Ladrone Islands,
speaks of it as being in size equal to a
loaf; from which we may infer, that th C
already risen considerably during that time. He compares
the flavour of the Bread Fruit, when boiled or roasted, to
that of the common potatoe ; and further tells us that, “ the
Spaniards slice it, and expose it to the sun, and when
a sai brought
Je ae
3 5
be The Jaca of Cxustus, Exot. t. 281, though | e quoted as the A.
incisa, seems certainly to belong to the A. integrifolia, and might, 1 think,
with safety have been referred to under that species.
brought thereby to a crispature, they reserve it as a biscuit,
and say it will bear long keeping when so prepared. Eaten
ripe, it is delicious to the palate ; and when mixed with
lime or orange juice, it makes a grateful tart not unlike to
apple sauce.” It was eagerly sought by the crew of Com-
modore Anson, and preferred by them to bread.” Rum-
pulus figures the plant, and gives it asa native of Sumatra,
Java, Amboyna, and of the Molucca Isles generally, where
the seeds of the seminiferous kind are eaten as well as the
pulp, and where the ample leaves serve as table-cloths.
Sonnerat introduced the tree from the Isle of Lugon to the
Isle of France, and M. Porvre to that of Bourbon. But it
is in the South Sea Islands, and especially in Otaheite, that
the best Bread Fruit isfound, and where itis consequently the
most highly prized. Capt. Coox says of it, that the flavour is
insipid, with a slight sweetness, somewhat resembling that of
the crumb of wheaten bread mixed withJ erusalem Artichoke.
From Otaheite then, it was arranged by our government,
that the tree should be imported to the West Indies, and
His Majesty, George the Third, ever anxious for the welfare
of his people, appointed the Bounty to be freighted with
this and other valuable productions of the South Seas,
under the command of Capt. Witt1am Buen. Seven hun-
dred and seventy-four healthy plants of the Bread Fruit
were procured, and conveniently placed on board the vessel,
so as to be protected from the spray of the sea, and there
was every prospect of a happy termination to the voyage ;
when, on the second morning after leaving the island, a
mutiny broke out, headed by Curistian, the master’s mate,
who was of a most respectable family in the north of Eng-
land, and had now gone three voyages with his present
commander, by whom he had been treated with more than
usual kindness. The consequences of this mutiny, the
sufferings of Buiex and of his faithful friends, together with
the fate of the mutineers, and the good conduct and reform-
ation of Curistian, are known to every one; and I need
only here say, that they completely frustrated the bene-
volent design of our government. Another ship, however,
the Providence, was engaged for a similar purpose, and the
charge was given to the same experienced navigator, who
accomplished, to the fullest extent, the object of his mission.
Eleven hundred and fifty Bread Fruit Trees were received
on board. Many, as may be supposed, notwithstanding the
care of the officers, and the skill of the gardener, perished
during the voyage. Five hundred and fifty were landed -
St. Vincent’s, in January, 1793, the rest went to Jamaica,
with the exception of five plants, destined for the Royal Gar-
‘dens at Kew, and which arrived in England the same year.
Of the success of the plants which were sent to Jamaica,
I have no means of knowing ; but in St. Vincent’s, under
the® judicious management of Dr. Anperson, then director
of the Botanic Garden, the Bread Fruit Tree began to bear
in the following year, 1794; and it has thence been com-
municated to the other islands, arid to the colonies of equi-
noctial America. Several memoits on the Bread Fruit are
given by Dr. Anperson, in the, different volumes of the
Transactions of the Society of Arts, and by the Rev. Lans-
Downe Guitping, in his “ Account of the Botanic Garden of
the island of St. Vincent.” It is to this able naturalist
that I am indebted for a splendid set of drawings * executed
in that island, (from which most of the accompanying figures
have been made) as well as for specimens preserved in spi-
rits; together with valuable information respecting the
uses and history on the Bread Fruit. ‘ How curious and
interesting,” says this gentleman, “ to the Botanist, is the
migration of plants, which man in his travels exports from
the most distant lands! The Bread Fruit is now known
from Spanish Guiana to the kingdom of New Granada :
thus, as Humpoxpr states the curious fact, the western
coast of America, washed by the Pacific Ocean, receives
from a British settlement in the West Indies, a production
of the Friendly Islands. It is not probable that its culti-
vation will ever sup e, valuable as it is, that of the
Plantain, (Musa pai adisai -a) and its several varieties ; which
on the same space of ground, furnishes perhaps more nutri-
tive matter, at least in a shorter perio of time.
“ The improvident negro, forgetting that for three parts
of the year the Bread Fruit Tree is loaded with ripe, or
lately developed fruit, considers only the greater ee
with which he may reap the produce of his Plantain, whic
in a few months after the setting of the sucker, repays the
owner’s pains; and the master, equally thoughtless, seldom
plants it, even in waste and otherwise useless spots.
The Fruit rarely exceeds eight inches in diameter. When
ripe, the skin assumes a yellow crust, and the viscous juice
(so common in others of the same family) exuding in tears, _
runs
neni
* Among them is a variety or monstrosity, with the female fruit occupying
the lower part of a male catkin.
runs down its sides, and is concreted by the sun. It is eaten
plainly boiled as potatoes, or as a substitute for bread,
baked after the central pith has been removed. It is often
also made into boiled or baked puddings.
There are many varieties of the Bread Fruit, as may be
supposed with a plant so extensively cultivated. Mr. Guixp-
ing enumerates the following as the principal.
Round and rough (muricated) fruit.
Oval and rough, one of the most valuable.
Oval and smooth variety ; the second-best.
Round and smooth variety.
Timor variety: small, and very inferior.
orm GO RO
_ 1 may sum up the properties of this tree by remarking,
that in the native countries of this widely-diffused plant,
clothes are made of the fibres of the liber or inner bark; the
wood serves for building houses and making boats: the
male catkins are employed as tinder ; the leaves for wrap-
ing provisions in; and the viscid, milky juice affords bird
ime.
The Arrocarpus incisa, exists in a living state in the
Glasgow, and, probably, other Botanic Gardens of this
country: but it is both imported and kept alive in our
stoves with great difficulty : so that we dare not expect to
see it ever flourishing in Europe. =
Tas. 2869. Artocarrus incisa,«. (Bread Nut.) Fig. 1. Branch reduced
to one-third of the natural size, with Male and Female Flowers. 2. Section of
a Male Flower (nat. size). 3. Male Flower. 4. Single ditto. 5. Cluster of
Female Flowers. *6. Single ditto. 7. Germen. 8. The same laid open to
shew the Ovyule. 9. A variety of the Germen with two Cells. 10, 'Trans-
verse section of the same.—All but fig. 1 and 2 more or less magnified.
Tas. 2870. Fruit of Artocarrus incisa, a, Fig. 1. Section of the ¢om-
pound Fruit. 2. Single Fruit, withits enlarged Perianth. 3. The same with
the Perianth forced back. 4, Seed. 5. Section of ditto. 6. Embryo.—
natural size.
_ Tan. 2871. Arrocarrus incisa, 8. (True Bread Fruit.) Fig. 1. Male
Flower. 2. Female ditto, magnified. 3. Fruit, one-third of the natural size.
4, Section of the same.
J¥aH lls
Valeur th, Dec? LigPS*
PS. Lures;
F5F
Ld
a AL
aed?
_ ee 282°)
SALVIA INVOLUCRATA, LARGE-BRACTED
Z - ‘fe £
_ Sace.
AHH HHS bbbnbobisbibilek
Class and Order. ©
Dianpria Monoeynia.
( Nat. Ord. — Lagiatra. )
Generic Character. _
Cal. bilabiatus, 3—5 dentatus. Cor. 2-labiata, lab. sup.
galeato, inf. 3-lobo. Filamenta basi appendiculata (anthe-
Tas spurias sepe gestantia.) Caryopses4.—Spr.
sg Specific Character and Synonyms.
Sazvia involucrata; glabra, foliis cordato-ovatis acumina-
tis serratis, verticillis sexfloris, bracteis magnis colo-
ratis deciduis, corolla ventricosa glabra calycem longe
_. superante. ) Roget
“Sanvia involucrata. Cav. Ic. v. 2. p. 3. t. 105. Willd. Sp.
Pl.v.1. p. WAT. Spreng. Syst. Veget. v. 1. p. 62.
Satvia levigata. Humb. Nov. Gen. et Spec. v. 2. p. 238. t.
147. Spreng. Syst. Veget. v. 1. p. 64. ae
-
a
~ Descr. Plant, as growing in Mr. Herpert’s conser- |
vatory, twelve to fourteen feet high, almost woody below,
much branched ; the older branches terete, the younger
ones quadrangular, glabrous. Leaves also quite glabrous,
large, cordato-ovate, acuminate, serrated, of a deep and
singularly beautiful velvety-green above, beneath pale,
where the nerves are prominent and often purplish : peti-
oles an inch and a half or two inches long. Flowers form-
ing a rather handsome thyrsus ; but if traced carefully they
are seen to arise in threes, which are opposite, hence six form
a whorl, each three included, while in bud, within Pits! |
arge
large, broadly-ovate, red, nerved bractea, which falls off
before the blossoms are expanded. Pedicels short. Calyx
tubular, reddish-green, ribbed, slightly pubescent, two
lipped; upper lip with one, lower, with two small terminal
teeth. Corolla large, tubular, somewhat inflated or ventri-
cose, especially on the under side, marked with elevated lines,
purplish red: upper lip very hairy, entire, with the sides
compressed : lower reflexed, three lobed. Stamens having
the transverse appendage remarkably long and large, at
one extremity of which is placed a small, yellow, single-
celled anther. Style scarcely exserted : Stigma bifid.
Communicated by the kindness of the Hon. and Rev.
WituiaM Hersert, of Spofforth, from his splendid conser-
vatory : where, planted in the border, it has attained a
height of from twelve to fourteen feet, and makes a brilliant
appearance, with its numerous heads of richly-coloured
blossoms, scarcely less beautiful than those of the well-
known Sarvia splendens. Mr. Herserr received the plant
from Mr. Tare of the Sloane Street Nursery, who imported
the seeds from Mexico. The plant smells not unlike the
Common Sage (Satvia verbeneca) of our country.
There can be no question, I think, as to the propriety of
considering the S. levigata of Humgoxtpr, synonymous with
the S. wnvolucrata. The plates and the descriptions agree
in every essential particular.
Fig. 1. Bractea, including three Buds, nat. size. 2. Calyx. 3. Corolla.
4. Stamens.— Magnified.
.
Paar>
Lib DW SL. Curie Weiwortin Dee? LPR
\
4
¥
OE 629873)
CENOTHERA VIMINEA. Larce Pourpie-riow-
ERED Twiccy Evenine Primrose.
ee ee
Class and Order.
Ocranbria Monoeynia.
( Nat. Ord. — Owacnantz. )
Generic Character.
Cal. 4-fidus, tubulosus, Pet. 4, calyci inserta: Capsula
_ 4-locularis, 4-valvis, infera. Semina comosa.
— Specific Character and Synonym.
CEnotHERA* viminea ; caule erecto ramoso virgato glabro,
foliis lanceolatis glaucis integerrimis, capsulis cylin-
draceo-attenuatis sulcatis pubescentibus.
(EnorHers viminea. Douglas MSS.
Descr. Stem annual, erect, glabrous, pale, almost white
and polished, three to four feet high, branched, with many
long, slender, twiggy branches. Leaves three to four inches
long, alternate, hous petioled, upper ones sessile, quite
entire, glaucous. Flowers sessile in the axils of the supe-
rior leaves. Segments of the calyx acuminate, something
more than half the length of the corolla. Petals large, of
a fine and bright lilac colour, roundish-cuneate, waved,
spreading, minutely crenulate at the extremity. ——
‘ | our
* Oivos, wine, and Onpx, searching or catching, according to Smrru, (Ong,
a wild beast, according to Tué1s) “from the circumstance of the root having
caught the perfume of wine.” To what particular plant, however, the antients
applied that name is uncertain : not, we may be sure, to any of the species now
arranged in the Genus, which are wholly confined to America, with the excep-
tion of one or two, said to be found at the Cape of Good Hope,
four long and four short: Anthers linear-oblong, longer
than the filaments. Style almost as long as the anthers.
Stigma four-cleft, deep purple, the segments patent. Cap-
le vountled: an inch or more long, with aan longitudinal
furrows, tapering upwards, downy.
Allied to GB. purpurea, from which it is abundantly dis-
tinct. It isa handsome and hardy annual ; and if the seeds
be sown in the open border in the spring, the plants will
continue to blossom throughout the summer. Dovetas.
Introduced to the garden of the Horticultural Society,
by Mr. Davin Dovetas, in 1827. It was discovered by
that most zealous Naturalist, in the interior of Northern
California ; and it flowered for the first time in this country
in the month of June, 1828.
Fig. 1. Stigma, magnified. 2. Capsule, natural size.
WI dele
Pub. ay S. Curtis Palwor te, Dec”.
LLFER
te BAD
CALCEOLARIA ARACHNOIDEA. CoBwrEs
=¥] SLipper-worrt.
Class and Order.
Dianpria. Monoeynia. ; coe
( Nat. Ord. — Scropnurarina. )
Generic Character..
Cal. 4-partitus. Cor. bilabiata : Jabium inferius calcei-
forme, inflatum. Caps. semibivalvis, valvulis bifidis.
B
+ >
os ee ee
CALcEOL LARI F TA * arachnoide a; caule herbaceo ram oso patulo,
| foliisque lingulato-oblongis subdentatis oppositis lana-_
tis, pedunculis terminalibus geminatis elongatis dicho-
tomis, calycibus pedicellisque arachnoideis. e
Caxcroraria arachnoidea. Graham in Edin. Phil. Journ.
1828, p. 572. : F att
Caxceotaria tinctoria. © Gillies MSS.
= aaa
Descr. Stem herbaceous, round, much branched, spread-
ing, succulent, woolly, hairs appressed. Branches opposite,
spreading, similar to the stem. Leaves (with their petioles
about five inches long) opposite, lingulate, oblong, narrow-
ing downwards into long petioles, over which they are
decurrent, ainplexicaul, obseufely toothed, wrinkled, woolly
on both sides, midrib and branching veins prominent on
uppermost leaves smaller than the
the lower side; two w
others, sessile, cordato- e, undulate, and placed at the
origin of the peduncles. Peduncles terminal, geminate (six
inches long) dichotomous, branches spreading, and ert
: { the
* From calceolus, a little slipper, on account of the peculiar form of the
lower lip in the flower. —
the pedicels in pairs. Pedicels round, undivided, and like
the calyx clothed with a cobweb-like tomentum. Bracteas
two, opposite, at the bifurcation of the peduncle, like the
uppermost leaves, but smaller. Calyx and segments equal,
ovate, pointed, spreading, woolly on the outside. Corolla
of an uniform dull purple colour, subglobular, flattened
below, glabrous within, upper lip very small, lower cre-
nated, its neck white. Stamens rising from the base of the
corolla at its sides; filaments straight, stout, smooth, sup-
porting the elongated bilocular anthers by their middle in
contact with the edge of the upper lip of the corolla : pollen
yellow. Germen conical, grooved in its sides. Style straight,
filiform, exserted. Stigma simple, small. Ovules very nu-
merous, attached to a large central receptacle, the trans-
verse section of which in each loculament is emarginate.
Surface of the germen, outside of the corolla, and inside of
the calyx, covered with short, obscure, glandular pubes-
cence. 3
We received the seeds of this plant from our invaluable
correspondent, Dr. Gittins *, of Mendoza, in January last,
having been collected by him in Chili. It has been treated
like all the other species of the genus, and hitherto kept in
the greenhouse. There is great eT that it may
not produce seed ; but it strikes very readily by cuttings,
the branches even pushing down roots as they lie along
the ground. : | 7
_ We fear it will be found more difficult to preserve the
only other purple-flowered CauceoiariA in cultivation (C.
purpurea, Edin. Phil. Journ. 1827; Bot. Mag. t. 2775,)
which was also introduced through the Botanic Garden,
Edinburgh, by seeds sent from our other excellent cor-
respondent Mr. Crurcxsuangs, as it has hitherto produced
very few seeds. An entirely new aspect has been given to
our greenhouses within these few years, by the kindness of
Dr. Gitues and Mr. Crurcxsnanks, particularly in most
interesting additions from the genera Fucusia, CA.cro-
LARIA, Sarpigtossis, Scuizantuus, and Loasa. Graham.
* Since the above was printed, Dr. Gixu1es, who is now, happily for his
ds, returned to this country, has obligingly communicated to me some
valuable ormation respecting the dyeing properties of this CanceoLaRtA :
a as It cannot now be inserted here, I shall publish it in an early number,
oNowing the description of a Cancronaria (thyrsiflora, Granam, equally
used a2 6 dye) from the same country. W. J. H.
oo - Sn
»
Fig. 1, Flower.—Magnified,
( ‘Be7B.:
Dipiscus c#ruievs. . BLUE-FLOWERED
Dipiscus. ©; _
SHEER:
Class and Order.
Pentanpria Dieynia.
—£ Nat. Ord.—Umepe.urers. )
Generic Character.
Diviscus. De C. Prodr. v. 4, ined. Umbella simplex.
Involucrum polyphyllum. Flores ext. abortivi : Petala in-
zqualia, estivatione imbricata. Fructus orbiculatus, plano-
compressus utrinque bivittatus. 7
Specific Character and Synonyms.
Duviscus * ceruleus ; piloso-glandulosus, foliis palmato-
_ pinnatifidis, laciniis linearibus incisis, et obtusis-
me foe tac Aes rot No Petey 7: ue
Diniscus ceruleus. De C. MSS. 0
TracuyMENE cerulea. Graham in Edin. New Phil. Journ.
1828. p. 380. hel: -LLANVGA oe? es
TracuyMene cyanea. Cunningham MSS. apud Hort. Kew.
Descr. Root annual. Stem a foot or more high, ter ate,
branched upwards, and clothed, as is every part of the plant,
with soft hairs, many of which are tipped with glands.
Leaves palmato-pinnatifid, their segments linear, again pin-
natifid and incised, the ultimate divisions often trifid, and
always acute, the lower extremity tapering into a com-
pressed petiole; the upper ones sessile and gradually be-
coming less divided, till at length they pass into the simple
linear bracteas at the base of the peduncles. Umbels termi-
nal, simple, showy. Involucrum of miany linear-subulate
A
leaflets. Peduncles long, whitish, mee ling a flat, green-
ish disk, which occupies the centre of the umbel, spreading,
at length reflexed. Calyx obsolete. Petals in bud curi-
ously imbricated, slightly unequal (which is best seen before
the flower is fully expanded): the outer petal (as ne
. e
* From ds, two, and dicxes, @ disk, in reference to the two flat, circular lobes
which constitute the fruit.
the umbel) being the largest, all obtuse, spreading, waved,
of a beautiful blue color. Stamens at first erect. Fila-
ments and Anthers whitish. Germen flat, nearly orbicular,
reddish, dotted, and very glandular: disk flattish, white :
Styles linear. Fruit between orbicular and reniform, or,
rather, composed of two almost exactly orbicular hemi-
carps *, quite flat, rough or granulated on the surface,
having two semicircular, elevated lines or vitte in the disk,
and athickened margin. Styles persistent. Seed pendent,
obovate.
With the exception of the flowers of some species of
Erynerum, I am not acquainted with any Umbelliferous
plant whose blossoms are blue. It was, then, with no small
degree of surprise and pleasure that I received from my
friends, the Messrs. Sepuerps, in the month of July of this
ear, 1828, specimens of this most singular plant, which they
ad raised, at the Liverpool Garden, from seeds sent by Mr.
Fraser from New Holland. It has since flowered at Edin-
burgh and Glasgow, and, I believe, too, at the Horticultural
Society’s garden, as well as at the Geneva garden, under the
care of Professor De Canpo.ze, the seeds having been de-
rived from the same source as those at Liverpool. Again,
Mr. R. Cunnineuam, of Kew, has been so good as to
convey to me the information, that it has been cultivated at
the Royal Gardens there from seeds sent by his brother, Mr.
Atian Cunnineuam, under the name of TracHyMENE cyanea
of his MSS. ; a name I should gladly have adopted, as given
by, probably, its first discoverer, but that it has already
been published by Dr. Granam, under that of cerulea.
Professor De Canpouue intends separating this as a Genus, or
Subgenus, from Tracuymene of Runce (Azorella, LABiLLAR-
DIERE) on account of its different habit, bright blue flowers, and
the peculiar structure of the fruit, very much resembling that of
a Biscutetua. In my specimens of true TRACHYMENE, of which
I have several species, the Umbels are compound. I may observe,
that the TracuymeEne incisa of RupGe and Siezer will belong
to the same groupe as the present plant, but in a dried state it
does not appear that the flowers are blue.
Dipiscus cyaneus is one amongst a few of the Umbelliferous
plants which eminently deserves a place in every collection, and in —
all probability it will be found to succeed well in the open air.
_ * A very expressive term employed by Prof. Dz Canpouxs, to indicate the
two united portions of the fruit of the Natural Order UmMBELLIFERz,
Fig. 1. Flower Bud. 2. Flower partly expanded. 3. Fully expanded — 7
Blossom. 4. Stamen, 5, Fruit. 6. Hemiearp, cut open to shew the Seeds 2
—Magnified.
2 corinne ft na 6h: st
fF 8 Bete pe
INDEX,
SEE SY SE ee ee eee
ee ween
—"
atin tie nteeiae iit mein
a
2791. Adansonia digitata.
2792 Ibid.
2848 Alstreemeria ovata.
2869 Artocarpus incisa.
2870. Ibid.
aoe Ibid.
833 Artocarpus in olia.
2834 Ibid. a gi
2812 Arum campanulatum.
2802 Beckia frutescens.
5 ssc marcescens.
e onia di
2846 g : ipetala.__ ee
2817. Bignonia Colei.
2818 Blechnum longifolium. ;
2865 Blumenbachia insignis.
2853 Buddlea connata.
2824 Madagascariensis.
2820 Cactus alatus.
2805 Calceolaria plantaginea.
2874 ——————. arachnoidea.
2851 Cattleya intermedia.
2836 Chetogastra lanceolata.
2850 Conospermum ericifolium.
2810 Corchorus olitorius.
2794 Croton castaneifolium.
2826 Cycas siaioatie.
2827 Ibid.
2862 Cynara cxrduntalts, B.
2867 Desmodium nutans.
2875 Didiscus ceruleus.
2825 Dioscorea cinnamomifolia.
2860 Dodonza attenuata, mas.
2804 Dorstenia tubicina.
2835 Draczna australis.
2831 Encyelia viridiflora.
2844 Epidendrum fuscatum.
2854 Eriostemon salicifolium.
2829 Franciscea Hopeana.
2843 Gaultheria shallon.
2815 Gomphrena globosa.
2799 Gonolobus niger.
2807 Grevillea acanthifolia.
: i In which the Latin Names of the Plants contained in the Second
1 Volume of the New Seriss (or Fifty-Fifth of the Work)
Hy are alphabetically arranged.
&
;
Pi. Pi.
:
2840 Hedyotis campanulifiora.
2822 Houstonia serpyllifolia.
2856 Imatophyllum Aitoni.
2861 Iris lutescens.
2816 Justicia calycotricha.
2845 quadrangularis.
2808 Lotus microphyllus. —
2814 Lycopersicum peruvianum.
2839 Malva angustifolia.
2793 Morenii.
2806 Maxillaria pallidifiora.
2797 Neottia aphylla.
2798 Nepenthes distillatoria, mas. ;
2837 Nicotiana glauca. —
2823 Octomeria serratifolia.
2832 CEnothera Lindleyii.
2873 ————— viminea.
2795 Oncidium Papilio.
2796 Orobus sessilifolius.
2838 Osbeckia glomerata.
2866 Oxalis carnosa.
2830 rosea, a,
2868 Passiflora capsularis.
2809 Penza imbricata.
2813 Piteairnia bracteata.
2800 Polemonium Richardsoni.
2852 Polygala paucifolia.
2801 Pothos macrophylla.
2842 Primula verticillata.
2859 Pultenea pedunculata.
2847 Rosa sinica.
2811 Salpiglossis atro-purpurea.
2872 Salvia involucrata.
2864 pseudo-coccinea. ©
2855 Saponaria glutinosa. ~
2821 Sida globiflora.
2857 ——- sessiliflora.
2863 Sieversia Peckii.
2858 ———— triflora.
2828 Solanum Balbisii, var. pur-
urea.
284) Tillandsia psittacina.
2819 Zygopetalon rostratum.
INDE X,
In which the English Names of the Plants contained in the
Second Volume of the New Series (or Fifty-Fifth of the
Work) are alphabetically arranged.
—~~—
Pi. Pi.
2848 Alstremeria, Broad -leaved, 2833 Jack Tree, or Entire-leaved
downy.
2815 Amaranth, Annual globe..
2812 Arum, Campanulate.
2802 Beckia, Shrubby, Chinese.
2803 Banksia, Marcescent.
2846 Begonia, Papillose.
2849 Two-petaled.
2817 Bignonia, General Cole’s.
2796 Bitter-Vetch, Sessile-leaved.
2818 Blechnum, Long-leayed.
2865 Blumenbachia, Palmated.
2869 Bread-Fruit Tree and 8.)
2870 Ibid.
2871 Ibid.
2824 Buddlea, Madagascar.
2853 Connate-leaved.
2820 Cactus, Wing-stemmed.
2862 Cardoon, Unarmed variety.
2851 Cattleya, Middle-size-flow-
ered.
2836 Chetogastra, Lance-leaved.
2850 Conospermum, Heath-leaved.
2810 Corchorus, Bristly-leayed, or
Jew’s Mallow.
2794 Croton, Chesnut-leaved.
2826 Cycas, Broad-leaved.
2827 Ibid.
2867 Desmodium, Drooping - flow-
ered.
2875 Didiscus, Blue-flowered.
2860 Dodonza, Attenuated-leaved.
2804 Dorstenia, Peziza-flowered.
2835 Dracena, New Zealand, White-
flowered.
2831 Encyclia, Green-flowered.
2844 Epidendrum, Dingy-flowered.
2854 Eriostemon, Willow-leaved.
2829 Franciscea, Short-flowered.
2873 Evening Primrose, Large pur-
ple-flowered Twiggy.
2843 Gaultheria, Shallon.
2799 Gonolobus, Black-flowered.
2807 Grevillea, Acanthus-leaved.
2840 Hedyotis, Bell-flowered.
pre Houstonia, Thyme-leayed.
TEEE amcor, Handsome-flow-
2861 ie, P Pale yellow.
| 2792 Ibid.
Bread Fruit.
2834 Ibid.
2845 Justicia, Square-stalked.
2816 ; — Yellow-flowered.
2808 Lotus, Small-leaved.
2839 Mallow, Narrow-leaved.
2793 Broad-lobed Vervain.
2806 Maxillaria, Pale-flowered.
2852 Milk-wort, Few-leaved.
2797 Neottia, Leafiess.
2828 Nightshade, Balbis’, Purple-
flowered variety.
2823 Serrated-leaved.
2832 (Enothera, Large: fowered,
four-spotted. eg
2795 Oncidium, Butterfly.
2838 Osbeckia, Cluster-flowered
2830 Oxalis, Rose-coloured.
2868 PassionFlower,Angular-fruited.
2809 Pena, Imbricated.
2813 Pitcairnia, Bracteated.
2798 Pitcher-plant, Male.
2800 Polemonium, Dr. Richardson's.
2801 Pothos, Large-leaved.
2842 Primrose, Whorled-flowered.
2859 Pultenea, Pedunculated. —
2847 Rose, Chinese, three-leaved.
2872 Sage, Large-br:
2864 Scarlet, hairy-stalked. :
2811 Salpiglossis, Deep-purple-flow-
ered.
2821 Sida, Globe-flowered.
2857 Sessile-flowered.
2863 Sieversia, Mr. Peck’s.
2858 Three-flowered. —
2874 Slipper-wort, Cobweb.
2805 Plantain-leaved.
2855 Soap-wort, Clammy-stalked.
2791 Sour-gourd, Ethiopian, or Mon-
kiey Bread.
2841 Tillandsia, Gaudy-flowered.
2837 Tobacco, Glaucous-leaved.
2814 Tomato, Large-flowered.
| 2866 Wood-sorrel, Fleshy-
2825 Yam, or Dioscorea, Cinnamon-
leaved.
2819 rs aces Rostrate.