CURTIS’S

BOTANICAL MAGAZINE;
ihr oR

Flower Garden Displaped:

In which the most Ornamental Foreren PuAnts cultivated in the Open Ground,
the Green-House, and the Stove, are accurately represented and coloured.
To which are added,

THEIR NAMES, CLASS, ORDER, GENERIC AND SPECIFIC CHARACTERS,
ACCORDING TO THE SYSTEM OF LINNZUS;

Their Places of Growth, Times of Flowering, and most approved
Methods of Culture.

CONDUCTED

By SAMUEL CURTIS, F. L. S.

THE DESCRIPTIONS

By Srr WILLIAM JACKSON HOOKER, K. H.

LLY. F. R. A. and L. S.and Regius Professor of Botany in the
_University of Glasgow.

VOL. xh

OF THE NEW SERIES;
Or Vol. xxv. of the whole Work.

Securely here the flowers unfold
Their painted leaves,—-nor winter’s cold
Nor summer’s snn they fear;
From various soil and clime they come,
Monthly to renovate their bloom,
And flourish all the year.

LONDON :
Printed by Edward Couchman, 10, Throgmorton Street ;
FOR THE PROPRIETOR, SAMUEL CURTIS,

AT THE
BOTANICAL MAGAZINE WAREHOUSE, GLAZENWOOD, NEAR COGGESHALL, ESSEX:
Published also by Sherwood, Gilbert & Piper, 23, Paternoster Row ; Blackwood, Edinburgh; and in Holland,
by Mr. Gt. Eldering, Florist, at Haarlem:
And to be had of all Booksellers in Town and Country.

1839.

TO THE

HON. & REV. WILLIAM HERBERT,
OF SPOFFORTH,
DISTINGUISHED
NO LESS AS A CULTIVATOR, THAN BY HIS VAST KNOWLEDGE
OF
THE AMARYLLIDACE
AND OTHER ALLIED MONOCOTYLEDONOUS ORDERS,
MANY OF WHICH HAVE BEEN REPRESENTED IN THIS WORK,
ILLUSTRATED
BOTH BY HIS PENCIL AND PEN,
THE PRESENT VOLUME IS DEDICATED,
WITH SENTIMENTS OF GREAT REGARD
AND ESTEEM,
BY HIS FAITHFUL
AND OBEDIENT SERVANT,

W. J. HOOKER.

GLasGow, February 1, 1839.

— 5626.

Swear

Wi Fitch, del co : Pub, by S Curtis. Glaxenwood Essex. Jand 18 38.

.. rolla infundibuliformis, marcescens, 5-mera. Stigmata bila-
mellata. Capsula valvulis introflexis semi-4—2-locularis,

( 3626 )

Listantuus Russetytianus. Duke or Bep-
FORD'S [LISIANTHUS.

cess bokeotoleskekubeteskekokotok
Class and Order.
Pentanpria Monoeynta.
( Nat. Ord.—Gent1AneEx. )

Generic Character.

Anthere incumbentes, plerumque demum recurve. Co-

vel sepius complete bilocularis, placentis utrinque binis.

Specific Name and Character.

Lisiantuus Russellianus ; glaucus, foliis ovatis acutissimis
3—5-nerviis, floribus paniculatis, calycibus profunde
partitis laciniis longissime subulatis, corolla (speciosis-
sima) 5-partita campanulato-infundibuliformi, laciniis
late obovatis patentibus.

Lasiantuus glaucifolius. Nutt. Fl. Ark. p. 197. (not Jacq.).

&

Specimens and seeds of this plant were among the last of
the many novelties that were sent home by the lamented
Drummonp from San Félipe de Austin, Texas, in 1835.
They were accompanied by the remark, “ not excelled in
beauty by any plant :” and truly one has only to see this
species of Listantuus in a flowering state, to be assured of
the accuracy of the observation. It was shortly before the
period of the arrival of these seeds and specimens, that His
Grace the Duke of Beprorp, with his wonted liberality,
contributed a sum of money, which, had the receiver conti-
nued in health, would have materially assisted in forward-
ing his views in Florida, but which was no less available in
a period of pain and sickness immediately preceding his
lamented death in Cuba; and I am sure that in dedicat
ing this splendid plant to so distinguished a patron o

VOL, XI. 3 B

Science, I shall have the approbation of every Botanist and
of every lover of Horticulture. |

Although apparently an annual in the wild state, yet no
specimen flowered till 1837, and then for the first time in the
greenhouse at Bothwell! Castle, under the skilful manage-
ment of Mr. Turneuiy. It was there that the drawing here
figured was made, in August of that year. Shortly after, its
lovely blossoms were produced in the Glasgow Botanic Gar-
den : and so long-lived were they, that we have remarked a
single blossom continuing in great beauty for a period of
three weeks. I think there can be no doubt but, under pro-
per management, by forcing in the early spring, and plant-
ing out in the open border, this plant will there perfect its
flowers as readily as the Patox Drummondii. In the Genus
the species will rank near L. glaucifolius, Jacg., Ic. Rar. t. 33.
(Cutora exaliata, Grisesr.) having, like it, glaucous leaves,
a deeply divided corolla, and long subulate segments to
the calyx, but readily distinguished by the vastly larger
flowers, three to five-neryed (not single-ribbed) leaves, of
which the upper ones are finely acuminated, and by the
absence of a keel or wing to the calyx-segments. In the
dried collection sent home by Mr. Drummonp, and distri-
buted, this plant is numbered 177. I possess specimens
gathered by M. Berenpier, at Nouveau Leon, Monterey,
Mexico; and by Mr. Nurratt, from the Great Salt River,
Arkansa.

Descr. Annual. Stem one to two feet high, erect, round-
ed, simple, or throwing out a few opposite branches, and,
as well as the foliage, glabrous and glaucous. Leaves
opposite and connate, ovate or ovato-oblong, three to five-
nerved, very acute, gradually becoming smaller upwards,
and more acuminated, till they pass into the subulate brac-
teas at the base of the peduncles. Flowers large, hand-
some, borne in a terminal panicle. Pedicels elongated.
Calyx deeply five-partite; the segments erect, from an
ovate base, gradually lengthened into a long, subulate
pot. Corolla as large as a tulip! Tube short, limb of
five, large, obovate, spreading segments: the colour a rich
purple, with a very deep eye in the centre. Filaments
scarcely longer than the tube: Anthers large, yellow.
Germen oblong, equal in length with the style: stigma of
two, very large, yellow-green, velvety spreading plates.
Margins of the valves of the capsule much introflexed.

=< minute, orbicular-reniform, deeply punctated, pale-
rown.

Fig.1. Stamen. 2. Pistil. 3. Section of the Germen —~magnified, —

A ) K\ M
‘iy

sh!

/

Tb, by S Cuntis, Glaxenwood Rasen. Tan], 1838

3627.

Swan So

( 3627 )

ECHINOCACTUS TUBIFLORUS. T'UBE-FLOWERED
SpPInE-CACTUS.

Class and Order.

IcosanpriA Monoeynta.

_( Nat. Ord —Cacrex. )

Generic Character.

~ Sepala numerosa imbricata basi ovarii adnata in tubum

~~ ‘brevissimum concreta, exteriora involucriformia, intima

_ petaliformia. Stamina numerosa. Stylus filiformis apice
multifidus. Bacca sepalorum reliquiis subsquamata. Co-
tyledones nulla ?—Frutices simplicissimi carnosi ovati aut
globost melocactoidet costati aphylli costis tuberculis conflu-
entibus quasi formatis, dorso aculeorum fasciculos gerenti-
bus. Cephalium seu spadix nullus. Flores ¢ fasciculis
aculeorum ad apices costarum orti, similes Jlortbus Cerei sed
tubo vix ullo donati. D C.

Specific Name and Character.

Ecuinocactus tubiflorus ; subgloboso depresso umbilicato,
costis profundis subundecim undulatis compressis, tu-
berculis lanatis aculeatis aculeis 5—6 lineas longis fas-
ciculatis strictis nigris, floris tubo 6—8 uncias longo
superne dilatato fasciculatim villoso, petalis patentibus
(albis acuminatis).

Ecuinocactus tubiflorus. flort. Angl.-Pfeiff, Enum. Cact.
241. ae

S © Setetireengigs ~ bu Pond eee

The drawing here figured was kindly communicated un-
der the name now adopted, by Mr. Freperic Mackie, of the
Norwich Nursery, in whose collection of Cactex (late Mr.
Hircni’s) it has lately flowered. Its affinity with E. Eyri-
esw will be at once perceived: but from that species it dif- _
fers remarkably in the fewer and much deeper angles Pt

the stem, in the very much longer and stronger and black
species, collected into fewer fascicles. The flower, as Mr.
Mackie observes, is larger, the tube longer and slenderer,
and clothed with much longer tufts of hairs. It is, in all -
probability, a native of the same country as E. Eyriesit,
namely Mexico.

Descr. Stem subglobose, much depressed, umbilicated
at the top, and deeply cut into about eleven very prominent,
compressed, slightly undulated angles, which have five or
six woolly tubercles, each giving rise to a fascicle of six to
eight strong black spines, from half to nearly three quarters of
an inch long. From one of these fascicles the flower springs,
which is remarkably large in proportion to the size of the
plant. The calycine tube is very long, a little enlarged
upwards, brownish-green, scaly, each scale with a long tuft
of slender, flaccid hairs. Petals spreading, white, oblong,
much acuminated. Stamens numerous, included, white as
well as the style and stigmas.

~——

W. fitch del® Lab by S. Curtis. Glanen wood Essex Jan?Z/838.

Swan Pye 4

; ( 3628 )
VERBENA INCISA. CuT-LEAVED MELINDRES.

KEKE EKER EEE EEE ER KE EEE ER
Class and Order.
DipynamiA ANGIOSPERMIA.

( Nat. Ord.—VERBENACEZ. )

Generic Character.

Calyx 5-fidus, dente unico subbreviore. Corolle limbus
irregulariter 5-lobus. Stamina inclusa. Utriculus 4-sper-
mus, cito rumpens, ut maturi fructus caryopses sistant.

Spr.

°

Specific Name and Character.

VERBENA tncisa ; pubescenti-hirsuta erecta suffruticosa ra-
mosa, foliis petiolatis cordato-oblongis pinnatifido-lo-
batis grosse inciso-dentatis superioribus sublanceolatis
sessilibus inciso-pinnatifidis, corymbis terminalibus
planiusculis, floribus subsessilibus, calycibus cylindra-
ceis 5-dentatis 5-costatis tubo corolle 4 brevioribus,
limbi obliquo 5-lobis segmentis cuneatis bifidis.

This is another South American Verbena of the “ Melin-
dres” group, for the discovery of which we are indebted to
Mr. T'weep1e, who sent the seeds to G. F. Dickson, Esq.,
of Everton, near Liverpool, by whom they were raised in
1836. Mr. Sxirvine, of the extensive nursery of Liverpool,
transmitted the specimens now represented. Mr. T'werepre’s —
specimens corresponding to the figure here given, are ga-
thered at Santa Fée, in dry pastures in Porto Alegro Bay
(Nos. 504 and 505), and on the shores of the Panama (No.
460). It flowered in the greenhouse, in July (1837), and
is extremely handsome, the blossoms of a deep red rose-_
colour, with a yellow eye, and becoming ee inage. It
will rank next to V. Tweediana, from whic

it differs inthe

broad and depressed (not spiked) corymbs, in the broader ee

leaves —

leaves which are far more deeply lobed and cut in a pinna-
tifid manner. ‘This will, in all probability, prove as hardy
a species as V. chamedrifolia.

Descr. Whole plant pubescently hairy. Stem, in the
individual from which our figure was taken, erect, but
weak, between two to three feet high, branched. The
leaves below cordato-oblong, petiolate, deeply lobed and
cut, especially near the base ; the upper ones sessile, inci-
so-pinnatifid, much narrower than the rest, and with longer
and narrower segments. Corymbs terminal, of many nearly
sessile flowers, presenting a nearly plane or slightly convex
surface. Calyx cylindrical, slender, pale, with five dark-
green angles or ribs, and as many very short, spreading
teeth. Corolla with the tube slender, about one-third longer
than the calyx, whitish ; limb large, spreading, oblique, of
five wedge-shaped and bifid lobes, rose-crimson on the up-
per side, very pale beneath, the eye yellow, the mouth
closed with converging hairs. 3

Fig. 1. Flower. 2. Leaves from the lower part of the Stem.

4629,

<2 “
-\

: ~ . O32
f ++ lino 2 Y Od
Re Cherlés Haren roped LRR CO far y¢ 46.36

4
MO Withers del? ft26. br

( 3629 )
MAXILLARIA AUREO-FULVA. GOLDEN-BROWN.
MAXILLARIA.

Class and Order.

GynANDRIA MonaAnpDRIA.

( Nat. Ord.—Orcuwez. )

Generic Character.

Perianthium connivens, raro patens. Sepala lateralia
cum basi producta column connata. Petalasubconformia.
Labellum trilobum, cucullatum, sessile, cum basi producta
columne articulatum. Columna semiteres, aptera. An-
thera subbilocularis. Pollinia 2, bipartibilia v. integra,
caudicula brevi, glandula transversa——Epiphyte (Ameri-
cane) pseudo-bulbose, acaules v. caulescentes. Folia pli-
cata, v. cortacea. Pedunculi radicales, axillares v. termi-
nales, uni- v. multiflori. Lindl.

Specific Name and Character.

Maxitiaria aureo-fulva ; pseudo-bulbis rotundato-ovatis
3—4-angulatis rugosis monophyllis, folio elliptico-ob-
longo striato petiolato acuto, scapo radicali folio lon-
giori, floribus racemosis, sepalis oblongis acuminatis
lateralibus basi in calcar spurium obtusum connatis,
petalis labelloque conformibus.

Not having seen the plant from which this very beautiful
drawing is made, I am unable to describe its flowers,and
especially the labellum, so accurately as I could wish. It |
exists in the collection of Mr. Attcarp, who received it fro
Rio. Its nearest affinity is assuredly with M. rac
(Bot. Mag. t. 2789): but the pseudo-bulb and le:
very different ; the flowers larger, of a fall golden
colour, the spur shorter, more obtuse, and more closely
applied to the germen; and the lip is narrower, and
different in form. eee

W. fitch Del ® ; ie ‘ E
Pub by S. Curtis, lazenwood Essen, Jan” 178.38,

ee is Swear sca
;
- ae
P a

( 3630 )

TWEEDIA VERSICOLOR. CHANGEABLE-FLOW-
ERED 'TWEEDIA.

Class and Order.

PENTANDRIA Dicynta.

( Nat. Ord.—AsciepiapEz. )

Generic Character.

Calyx 5-partitus. Corolla campanulata, fauce coronata,
Squamis 5 carnosis retusis vel bifidis, exsertis, sinubus op-
positis. Corona staminea nulla. Anthere membrana ter-
minate. Masse pollinis ventricose, apice attenuato affixe,
pendule. Stigma elongato-acuminatum, bipartitum.—Suf-
frutices volubiles. Folia opposita membranacea. Umbella
axillares. Flores majusculi.

Specific Name and Character.

Tweepia* versicolor ; pubescenti-tomentosa, foliis brevi-
petiolatis oblongo-hastatis, pedunculis umbellatis 3—4-
floris, corollz laciniis obtusis, squamis corollinis ligu- _
latis apice recurvis crenatis, antheris erecto-appressis, _
stigmate bifido squamis corollinis vix longiore,

A most highly interesting Asclepiadeous plant, for which — ee

I am indebted to Mr. Niven, the excellent Curator of the
Glasnevin Botanic Garden, in which Establishment it flow- ee
ered in July, 1837, and whence the specimen here repre- ee

sented was sent, accompanied by a beautiful figure. It was
discovered by Mr. Tweente, probably in Tucuman, (though
the locality is not mentioned,) and communicated to Mr.

Niven with the name of Ascuepias Asedra. Its large flow-
: oe.

_ * So named in compliment to Mr. James TWEEDIE, an intelligent and
indefatigable collector of plants in Buenos Ayres, Tucuman, 8. Brazil, &.

ers, of a singularly changeable blue colour, with exserted
scales from the tube, remind one rather of a Boragineous
than an Asclepiadeous plant. In Genus it borders upon
Oxyreratum and Tweepia; and [ think it may safely be
referred to the latter.

Descr. Stems twining, herbaceous, and, as well as the
foliage, peduncles, calyx, and even in a degree, the outside
of the corolla, clothed with fine woolly down. Leaves op-
posite, on short petioles, oblong, between cordate and has-
tate at the base. Peduncles axillary, from one of the two
opposite leaves, bearing an umbel of three to four flowers.
Calyx deeply cut into five, erect, lanceolate segments. Co-
rolla between rotate and salver-shaped, having a conspicu-
ous, almost globose tube, and five spreading, oblong, very
obtuse segments ; when first open, pale-blue, with a slight
tinge of green, then purplish, and when withered, lilac.
Within the corolla are five erect, deeper blue, fleshy scales,
exserted, their apices recurved, emarginate. Stamens com-
bined into a tube, erect, appressed to the base of the white
pyramidal stigma, which is cleft into two closely-placed
segments. Pollen-masses pendent from a triangular, mem-
branous appendage, on each side the base of which is a
linear-oblong, black, shining spine. Pistils two.

Fig. 1. Section of the Calyx with the Pistils. 2. Section of the Tube
of the Corolla, showing the Scales, Staminal Column, and Stigma, 3. Inside
view of an Anther, separated from the rest, showing its two Cells. 4, Pol-
len-masses :—magnified.

Pub. by S.Gurtia Glasenwood Essex) Jan2l1B3&

Y Swan Je,

( 3631 )

EPIDENDRUM PAPILLOSUM. WARTY-FRUITED
EPIDENDRUM. |

Class and Order.

GyNAnDRIA MonanprIA.

( Nat. Ord.—Orcuipez. )

Generic Character.

Sepala patentia, subequalia. Petala sepalis equalia, v.
angustiora, rarius latiora, patentia v. reflexa. Labellum
cum marginibus columne omnino v. parte connatum, limbo
integro v. diviso, disco sepius calloso, costato v. tubercu-
lato ; nunc in calcar productum ovario accretum et cuni-
culum formans. Columna elongata; clinandrio marginato,
sepe fimbriato. Anthera carnosa, 2—4-locularis. Pollinia
4, caudiculis totidem replicatis annexa.—Herbe (Ameri-
cane) epiphyte, caule nunc apice v. basi pseudo-bulboso,
nunc elongato, apice folioso. Folia carnosa, rarissime venis
elevatis striata. Flores spicati, racemosi, corymbosi, v.
paniculati, terminales v. laterales. Lindl.

Specific Character and Synonym.

Epipenprum papillosum ; pseudo-bulbis ovatis vel subtur-
binatis membranulis glaucescentibus tectis 2—3 phyl-
lis ; foliis strictis carinatis acutis scapo simplici multi-
floro subeequalibus, sepalis obovato-lanceolatis acuti-
usculis petalisque minoribus subspathulatis acutis ;
labello semilibero 3-partito, laciniis lateralibus divari-
catis obovatis, intermedio 3-plo majore obscure qua-
drilobo versus basin calloso: columna bidentata ovario
pedicelloque papillosis. Bateman.

Epipenprvum papillosum. Bateman, MSS. Lindl. Bot. Reg.

sine Ic. f

Another of the many interesting discoveries of Mr.
Skinner, which has enriched the collection of Mr. Bare-

MAN, at Knypersley Hall, where the specimen here figured,
—

drawn by the skilful pencil of Mrs. Wrrners, was raised
in June of last year. It is a very distinct species, and
of easy culture.

Descr. The pseudo-bulb, in this specimen, was broadly
ovate, furrowed longitudinally and transversely, so as to be
marked with oblong convex areolz; the whole dark-green,
but covered with a delicate semi-transparent, silvery pellicle,

and crowned with two or three erect, but slightly recurved, —

carinated and acuminated, dark-green, obscurely striated,
coriaceous leaves. Scape, from the centre of these leaves,
a foot long, slender, erect, bearing a terminal raceme of
eight or ten, rather distant, handsome flowers. Sepals and
petals almost spathulate, spreading, yellowish-green, the
two latter rather smaller. Colwmn club-shaped, tipped
with orange. Lip deeply three-lobed, white, with three
deep pink streaks, the two lateral lobes obovate, standing
out at right angles from the middle lobe, which is large,
plaited, obscurely four-lobed.

Wi Fitch Delt Fb. by 3. Curtis; Glazenwood. Essex Jan? 11838, Svan Sc.

( 3632 )
LoasA LATERITIA. Rep-FLOWERED LOASA.
Class and Order.

PoLyADELPHIA PoLyANDRIA.

( Nat. Ord.—Loasez. )

Generic Character.

Calycis tubus ovario adherens, limbus persistens 5-parti-
tus equalis. Petala 5 lobis calyci alterna breviter ungui-
culata concava. Sguame 5 petaloidee petalis alternz bi-

aut trilobe in conum conniventes et basi intus filamentis 2

sterilibus instructe. Stamina oo, exteriora 10 sterilia, ex-
tera in phalanges 15—17-andras petalis oppositas disposita,
antheris erectis bilocularibus. Stylus apice trifidus. Cap-
sula turbinato-oblonga, I-locularis, apice 3-valvis calyce
coronata, valvis margine placentiferis, placentis ideo cum
Vicina continuis. Semina ovalia creberrima reticulata.—
Herbe ramose plerumque piloso-prurientes interdum scan-
dentes. Folia alterna aut opposita, dentata aut lobata.
Pedunculi oppositifolit axillares aut terminales 1-flori. Pe-
tala flava, rarissime alba. DC.

Specific Name and Character.

Loasa lateritia ; longissime scandens pungenti-hispida, fo-
liis pinnatis pinnis pinnatifidis laciniis inciso-pinnatifi-
dis, petalis basi latioribus vix unguiculatis, squamis
nectariferis apicibus conniventibus 5-appendiculatis,

appendicibus 2 interioribus subulatis longissimis, ex-
terioribus 3 squamiformibus brevibus.

This singular and truly beautiful species of -Loasa was
discovered in Tucuman, by Mr. Tweepre, and dried speci-
mens have been sent by him to me and others (marked 7. —
1195), and seeds to the Glasgow Botanic Garden. From
these latter, plants were raised by Mr. Murray, in 1836,
which survived in the hothouse through the winter, climb-_

VOL, XII. c

ing to the uppermost light ; and they produced their bright
orange-red blossoms in the month of May,* 1837. In its
native country, according to Mr. Tween, it is annual:
with us, probably from having been sown so late in the
Season, it is certainly biennial. ‘There is every reason to
believe that either by seeds or cuttings this fine species may
be perpetuated.

Descr. Hispid and stinging, more especially the stem.
Stems ten to twenty feet long, slender, climbing. Leaves
petiolate, opposite, pinnate, especially the lower ones, with
from five to several pinne, which are ovato-lanceolate inciso-
pinnatifid and serrated ; the upper leaves (here represented)
are bipinnatifid, and much shorter than the lower ones.
Peduncles very long, axillary, single-flowered. Germen
inferior, cylindrical, hispid, spirally twisted. Calycine leaves
linear-subpinnatifid, spreading. “Petals five, large, exter-
nally hispid, cucullate, and compressed laterally, broad at
the base, and scarcely unguiculate. Stamens in five bun-
dles, lodged inthe hollow of the petals, from which they
rise up at intervals to fertilize the stigma. Anthers pale
reddish-yellow. Nectariferous scales five, downy, yellow-
green, alternating with the bundles of stamens, cucullate,
bearing each three outer short, dark purple segments, and
two long, subulate inner ones, which curve gracefully, all
meeting over the top of the stigma. Germen compressed,
obtusely five-lobed. Style somewhat subulate. Stigma a
mere point. Fruit two to three inches long, cylindrical,
bursting in five, spirally twisted valves.

Fig. 1. Anther. 2. Pistil,

: 3. Inner view of a nectariferous Scale. 4.
Side view of the same i—magn

Yied. 5. Fruit:—nat. size.

* Since the above was written, plants which have been put in the open
border, and trained against a wall, have flowered in the highest perfection,
and produced fruit abundantly ; not suffering from the frosts till the month
of November had set in,

WP itch lt Pub. by 8. Curtis. Glazenwood Koevex. Feb” 1 18030.
Ag

C 3633 =)
CARICA CITRIFORMIS. SMALL CITRON-
FRUITED PaApaw.

SER KKK KKK ERK EERE KEK
Class and Order.

Diacia (rather Mona:cta) Decanpria.
( Nat. Ord.—Caricez. )

Generic Character.

Calyx (minutus) 5-dentatus. Masc. Corolla infundibu-
- liformis. Stamina alterna breviora. Fam. Corolla pro-
funde 5-partita. Stigmata 5. Pepo polyspermus. Semina
membraua obvoluta. Spr.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Carica citriformis ; foliis cordatis 3—5-lobis lobis oblon-
gis acuminatis medio trifidis nervis superne glandulo-
sis, pedunculis axillaribus brevissimis, fructibus ovali-
bus levissiimis aurantiacis. |

Carica citriformis. ‘Jacq. fil.” (ex Spreng.) Spreng. Syst.
Veget. v. 3. p. 905.

As far as can be judged from the brief character (and I
know of no other) of Carica citriformis, given in SPRENGEL,
the present plant may be safely referred to it: and it isa
native of Guiana. A specimen, with the charming fruit
here represented, was communicated from the stove of
Cuartes Horsraut, Esq., Liverpool, in 1835. That gen-
tleman procured it from the Curator of the Botanic Garden
of Rotterdam, as the C. monoica of Desronratnes: but that
species, as may be seen by the figurein the Ann. du Mus.
d’Hist. Nat. v. 1. t. 18, is the same as the C. microcarpa of
the Hort. Scheenbr., and is easily distinguished by its small,
deeply sulcated, and pointed fruit. Seeds from the fruit
above-mentioned were raised in the Botanic Gardens of

Glasgow

Glasgow and at Woburn, and so rapidly does the plant
come to perfection, that it bore flower and fruit the first year.
Descr. Stem erect, three to five feet high, unbranched,
woody below, herbaceous and succulent above, rounded.
Leaves only from the upper part of the stem, on long
rounded petioles, cordate, irregularly three- to five-lobed in
a palmated manner, the lobes broadly oblong-acuminate,
the middle lobe frequently trifid. On the nerves of the
older leaves are scattered small, globose, white glands,
sometimes in clusters. Flowers yellowish-white, in short
panicles or clusters, from the axils of the leaves, much
shorter than the leaf-stalks, moncecious? Male flowers,
which alone have come under my observation, about an
inch long. Calyx obsolete. Corolla with the tube long : the
five oblong segments spreading. Pistil small, abortive.
Stamens ten, in two rows, near the mouth of the tube. F%-
laments short, broader upwards ; anther-cells applied to
the inner face of the filament below the point. Fruit about
the size of a hen’s egg, and nearly of the same shape, but
more inclining to oval, baccate, bright orange, contain-
ing several dark-brown seeds, muricated with large blunt
spines. Embryo in a white waxy albumen. |

Fig. 1. Male Flower laid open. 2. 2. Stamens. 3. Fruit, and 4, Dis-
section of ditto, and 5, Seed (all nat. size). 6. Seed, magnified. 7. Al-
bumen. 8. Albumen cut open, showing the Embryo. 9, Embryo :—
magnified,

J. Gortis.

Gla

sax. Feb *77g59

265%.

7. is a
OWBILGC

( 3634 )

MAMMILLARIA LEHMANNI. LEHMANN’S
MAMMILLARIA.,

KEKE EEE KEE KEKE KEKE KEKE
Class and Order.

Icosanpria Monoeynia.
( Nat. Ord.—Cacrez. )

Generic Character.

Calycis tubus ovario adherens ; lobi 5—6 colorati fruc-
tum juniorem coronantes. Petala 5—6 a calyce vix dis-
tincta eo longiora et cum sepalis in tubum concreta. Sta-
mina filiformia pluriserialia. Stylus filiformis. Stigma 5—
7-fidum radiatum. Bacca levis. Semina nidulantia. Cotyle-
dones nulle. (ex Nutt. )—Suffrutices carnosi subrotundi aut
subcylindracei axi ligneo destituti, (an in omnibus ?) lactes-
centes, aphylli, tuberculis subconicis mammeformibus spira-
liter dispositis confertis apice spinulas radiantes et tomentum
demum deciduum gerentibus obtecti. Flores inter bases
mammillarum sessiles, sepius in zonam transversam dispo-
sitt. Bacca obovata, edulis, calyce marcescente demum de-
ciduo coronata. 'Tubercula caulis simulant folia Mesem-
bryanthemorum barbatorum, et forte sunt vera folia plante.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Mammnitiaria Lehmanni; oblonga subcylindrica, mammil-
lis magnis conicis angulatis subtetragonis in axillis
glandulosis resiniferis, apicibus fasciculatim aculeatis,
aculeis 7—8 rectis gracilibus unico longiore, floribus —
terminalibus, petalis lineari-oblongis acuminatis stra-
mineis.

Mammnitraria Lehmanni. Hort. Berol.—Pfeiff. En. Cact.

23

Fe anaes =
M. octacantha et leucacantha. DC. Rev. p. 113. Mem.p.

11? (ex Pfeiffer.). |

From the rich collection of Cacrea, formerly Mr. Hircn-

in’s, now in the possession of Messrs. Mackie, who oblig-

ing i.

ingly communicated the drawing here figured. Its native
country is Mexico. Mr. F. Macxte observes, that itis “a
very distinct and remarkable species, bearing dark points
in the axils of the mammille, which in hot weather exude
a dark-coloured viscid matter, which I have not observed
in any other species.”

Descr. Stem, in the specimen here figured, about six
inches high, oblong and cylindrical, covered all over with
large, conical mammille, three-quarters of an inch long,
angled with about four sides, and tipped witha minute woolly
tuft, from which springs a fascicle of seven or eight slender
spines, mostly three or four lines in length, but one of them
is twice as long as the rest. Flowers moderately large, ter-
minal. Calycine tube short. Petals numerous, imbricated,
spreading, linear-oblong, of a delicate straw-colour. Sta-

mens and siyle included. Filaments red. Anthers and
stigmas yellow.

( 3635)

PASSIFLORA NIGELLIFLORA. NIGELLA-
FLOWERED Passion-F'LOWER.

Class and Order.

MonapetreHiA PENTANDRIA.
( Nat. Ord.—Passirtore&. )

Generic Character.

Calyx 10-partitus, laciniis interioribus corollinis. Corona
radiata perigyna. Nectariwm in fundo calycis. Tubus
staminifer stylum cingens. Stigmata 3, clavata. Pepo 1-
locularis, placentatio parietalis. Spr.

Specific Character and Synonym.

Passirtora nigelliflora; sericeo-pilosa, foliis cordatis 5-
lobis argute serratis, involucris setaceo-multifidis apice
glandulosis. .

Passirtora nigelliflora. Tweedie Pl. Exsice. (n, 1170.)

Plentiful at St. Jago de Estero, on the Rio Dulce, where
it was discovered in 1835, by Mr. Tweepiz, when on his
way from Mendoza to Tucuman. It will be at once seen,
that it is nearly allied to P. gossypijfolia, P. hibiscifolia,
fetida, and ciliata, four species which indeed have a near
affinity to each other: but the present may at all times be
distinguished by its truly cordate leaves, which are five-
lobed) except in the upper part of the stem), and strongly —
serrated. The dried specimens which accompanied the
seeds, have the same character in the foliage as the culti-
vated ones. It flowered in the Glasgow Garden in Sep-
tember, and seems to re-quire the heat of the stove. :

Descr. Stem climbing to the height of several feet, clothed
with soft spreading hairs, as are the petioles. Leaves yield-

ing a fetid smell when bruised, exactly cordate in their S S :
circumscription, five-lobed, hairy, or almost silky on both =~

sides, —

sides, the margin distinctly serrated: on the underside and at
the margin, there are numerous hairs, tipped with unctuous
glands. Stipules capillaceo-multifid, the segments termi-
nated byagland. Tendrils hairy. Involucre placed close
beneath the calyx, of three leaves, which are pinnatifid,
with numerous slender, capillary segments, each tipped
with a gland at the extremity. Calyx with a very short
tube, above which is a constriction, and a depression un-
derneath: segments five, spreading, oblong, pale-green
without, white within. Petals of the same shape, white.
Filaments of the nectary elongated, waved, white, bluish
at the tip: in the centre of these is a double circular
disk, the owter thick and fleshy, the inner thin and almost
membranous ; these immediately surround the base of the
staminal tube. Germen globose, hairy: Style slightly
hairy : stigma subglobose.

sp ins

wall 5

Swans

Fub, by S.Curtis. Glazenwoed Visser. Feb 71.18 33,

WF itchd red t

( 3636 )

Passtrtora TucuMANENSI!Is. LARGE-
STIPULED PasstonN-F LOWER.

KKK KKK KKK KEKE KEK EEE EK
Class and Order.

Monape.poiA PENTANDRIA.

( Nat. Ord.—Passirtorez. )

Generic Character.

Calyx 10-partitus, laciniis interioribus corollinis. Corona
radiata perigyna. Nectarium in fundo calycis. Tubus
staminifer stylum cingens. Stigmata 3, clavata. Pepo 1-
locularis, placentatio parietalis. Spr.

Specific Name and Character.

Passirtora Tucumanensis ; glaberrima scandens cirrhifera,
foliis lato-cordatis petiolatis alte trilobis, lobis ob-
longis inferne glanduloso-serratis subtus glaucis, sti-
pulis magnis semicordatis grosse serratis, pedun-
culis unifloris 3-bracteatis, bracteis calycem fere
equantibus laxis cordatis serratis, corona filamentosa
duplici, int. brevissima, ext. petalorum longitudine.

This new species of Passion-flower was discovered by
Mr. Tweepie, at St. Jago and Tucuman, at the eastern
foot of the Cordillera of Chili, inhabiting, though rarely, —
the woods. It isa free grower, and flowered copiously the
second year in the stove of the Glasgow Botanic Garden,
in the month of July. It is 2. 1173 of Mr. Tweepie’s col-
lections sent in 1836.

Descr. Plant everywhere glabrous, Stems long and —
twining. Leaves copious, dark-green above, pale and
glaucous beneath, broadly cordate, deeply three-lobed, the —

lobes spreading, oblong, sometimes approaching to ovate Be
or lanceolate, entire except at the base, where they are
glanduloso-serrate. Petioles shorter than the leaf, rounded, — ae

naked, or sometimes with one or two fibrous glands. Siz-
pules very large, leafy, an inch and more long, waved,
reticulated, especially beneath, coarsely serrated. Cirrhi
long, simple. —Peduncles solitary, single-flowered, bearing:
beneath the flower three alternate, ovato-cordate, waved
bracteas, almost as long as the flower. Flower about two
inches in diameter. Calyx white within, of five oblongo-
lanceolate sezments, with a long soft green mucro beneath
the apex. Petals five, of the same shape as the calycine
segments, white. Nectary double ; inner of numerous,
short, erect, white filaments, tipped with blue, and woolly
at their base; outer of numerous, spreading’ filaments,
nearly as long as the corolla, white, barred with purplish
blue. Column short. Stigmas club-shaped, recurved.

( 3637 )

EPIDENDRUM FLORIBUNDUM. MANyY-FLOW-
ERED EPIDENDRUM.

KKK KEE EKER EERE KEE EEE
Class and Order.

GynanpriaA Monanpria.

( Nat. Ord.—Orcuiwes. ) :

Generic Character.

Sepala patentia, subequalia. Petala sepalis equalia, v.
angustiora, rarius latiora, patentia v. reflexa. Labellum
cum marginibus columne omnino vy. parte connatum, limbo
integro v. diviso, disco sepius calloso, costato v. tubercu-
lato ; nunc in calcar productum ovario accretum et cuni-
culum formans. Colwmna elongata; clinandrio marginato,
seepe fimbriato. Anthera carnosa, 2—4-locularis. Pollinia
4, caudiculis totidem replicatis annexa——Herbe (Ameri-
cane) epiphyte, caule nune apice v. basi pseudo-bulboso,
nunc elongato, apice folioso. Folia carnosa, rarissime venis
elevatis striata. YF lores spieati, racemosi, corymbosi v.
paniculati, terminales v. laterales. Lindl.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Eriwenprum floribundum ; caule folioso, foliis lanceolato-
oblongis acuminatis submembranaceis, panicula termi-
nali, sepalis reflexis lanceolatis, petalis filiformibus,
labelli quadrilobi basi bituberculati lobis lateralibus
subrotundis, terminalibus linearibus divaricatis. Lindl.

Epipenprum floribundum. Humb. et Kunth, Nov. Gen. et
Sp. v. 1. p. 353. t. 86. Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orchid. p.
109.

Kindly communicated by James Bateman, Esq., who ob-
serves, that “the figure was taken froma specimen in Messrs.

Loppiexs’ Collection, by whom it was imported some years a
ago from Mexico. The flowers of their plant were con-
| siderably

siderably larger than those of some wild specimens, ga-
thered on the Amazon River, by, Dr. Papric, and now
(thanks to his liberality) in my possession. The species
continues a long time in flower, and has a particularly neat
and pleasing appearance.”” Humsoxpr found it in woods
near St. Jean de Bracamoros and the Amazon River. This
plant has also been gathered by Mr. Hencuman, in Deme-
rara, in 1834, and a noble specimen flowered by Messrs.
Lows, in the rich stoves of the Clapton Nursery, was kindly
communicated to us in November, 1837.

Descr. Pseudo-bulbs none. Stem about a foot high,
erect, round, leafy. Leaves lanceolate, acuminate, some-
what flaccid and membranaceous, often reflexed. Panicle
terminal, of three to four long, spreading and reflexed
branches, bearing numerous flowers, each on a long pedicel.
Sepals greenish-brown, reflexed, spathulate. Petals white,
filiform, very slender, spreading. Column elongated, green
at the base, white above. Lip white, with a curved line of
red dots, bituberculate, deeply four-lobed ; the two side
lobes rounded ; intermediate ones spreading, linear.

( 3638 )

EPIDENDRUM TESSELATUM. CHEQUER-FLOW-
ERED EPIDENDRUM,

KEKK KEK EERE REKER ER ERE RE
Class and Order.

GynanpriA Monanpria.

( Nat. Ord.—Orcuines. )

Generic Character.

Sepala patentia, subequalia. Petala sepalis equalia v.
angustiora, rarius latiora, patentia v. reflexa. Labellum
cum marginibus columnz omnino vy. parte connatum, limbo
imtegro v. diviso, disco sepius calloso, costato vy. tubercu-
lato; nunc in calear productum ovario accretum et cuni-
culum formans. Columna elongata ; clinandrio marginato,
sepe fimbriato. Anthera carnosa, 2—4-locularis. Pollinia
4, caudiculis totidem replicatis annexa.—Herbe (Ameri-
cane) epiphyte, caule nunc apice v. basi pseudo-bulboso,
nunc elongato, apice folioso. Folia carnosa, rarissime venis
elevatis striata. Flores spicati, racemosi, corymbost v.
paniculati, terminales v. laterales. Lindl.

Specific Name and Character.

Epipenprum fesselatum ; pseudo-bulbis ovalibus compres-
sis 2—3-phyllis, foliis lineari-lanceolatis scapo simplici
multifloro paulo brevioribus, floribus subpatentibus,
sepalis lanceolatis mucronatis petalisque minoribus
subspathulatis acutis, labelli liberi trilobi lobis latera-
libus rotundatis, intermedio majore oblongo cucullato,
venis tribus parallelis cristigeris munito. Bateman.

A native of Guatemala, and sent to Knypersley, in 1836,
by Mr. Sxiyner, where the drawing, from which the accom-
panying figure was taken, was made by Mrs. Wiruers.

«My invaluable friend, G. U. Skinner, Esq., who has, I

believe, already discovered a larger number of new Orcui-
DACEE

‘VOL. XII. D

pacEz# than any other individual whatsoever, first detected
this species, which flowers here in June and July.”

Descr. “ The sepals and petals are greenish-yellow out-
side, and brown inside, with darker streaks of the same
colour, which give them a tessellated appearance. Lip beau-
tifully veined throughout its whole length with numerous
purple streaks.” (Bateman in litt.).

WPttch Dal © tub bu S Curtis. Glazenwood Essex Feb 1LI838.

( 3639 )

ERICA FLORIDA; var.campanulata. Droopine
Rounp-HEADED Heatnu. Bell-flowered var.

Seek ek
Class and Order.

OctranpriA Monoeynia.
( Nat. Ord.—Enricea. )

Generic Character.

Calyx 4-sepalus inferus. Corolla 4-fida. Stamina recep-
taculo inserta. Anthere bifide. Capsula 4-locularis.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Erica florida ; foliis linearibus pilosis, floribus terminalibus
ay glabris, calycibus reflexis, staminibus inclu-
sis. ar

Erica florida. Willd. Sp. Pl. v. 2. p. 357. Thunb. Eric.
n. 64. t. 6. Salish. in Linn. Soc. Trans. v. 6. p. 377.
gi: Kew. v. 2. p. 406. Spreng. Syst. Veg. v. 2.
p. 191.

Var. campanulata ; ramis strictioribus, foliis longioribus
glabris, calycibus acutis bracteisque imbricatis, corolla
lato-campanulata, stylo exserto. (Tab. nostr. 3639).

This very charming Heath was communicated from the
choice collection at Bothwell Castle, in May, 1837, having
been raised from seeds of E. florida, by the very intelligent
gardener, Mr. Turnsut, in May, 1835. The plant is thus
only two years old, and in size, for it is now two and
a half feet high, and in the profuseness and beauty and
expanded form of the blossoms, in the foliage, and in the
straightness and vigour of the branches, it is so much
superior to the other plants of E. florida raised from the —
same lot of seed, and cultivated with precisely the same
care and attention, that Mr. Turngutt cannot but suspect —
that the seed yielding the individual in question had been
the produce of a flower which was fertilized with the —

pollen : ,

pollen of some other species, probably by an insect. This
is, however, only conjecture : for though Mr. Turneutz is
in the habit of impregnating the flowers of several heaths
with the pollen of others, yet he is certain that the parent
of this was not so treated. All the other plants but this
have wiry flexuose stems and branches, and are so shy of
flowering, that the best of them has only a few blossoms,
while the present individual has quite a lively appearance
from the profusion of them.

Descr. The plant from which our drawing was made,
and indeed the only one raised by Mr. Turnsutt, is two and
a half feet high: the stems and older branches clothed with
reddish-brown bark. Leaves quaternate, rarely ternate,
spreading, linear, mucronate, keeled, and with a furrow
on the keel at the back. Flowers terminal, three to four
together, rarely five, forming small umbels at the ex-
tremity of short copious lateral spreading branches, droop-
ing. Pedicels short, with about three, ovate, pale-white
and rose-coloured imbricated bracteas. Sepals four, similar
to the bracteas in every respect, but larger and broader,
appressed to the corolla. Corolla four-cleft, broadly cam-
panulate, of a delicate but full rose-colour. Stamens
included, erect or slightly incurved. Anthers ovate, red-
brown, awnless ; cells acuminate, opening by two large
_ oblique pores. Germen globose, five-lobed ; style much
exserted ; stigma a little spreading.

_Fig. 1. Flower. 2. Pedicel, Calyx, and Bracteas. 3. Stamens and Pis-
til. 4. Single Stamen. 5. Pistil, magnified. 6. Flower of the true E.
SJlorida (also communicated by Mr. TURNBULL), magnified.

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( 3640 )

ARISTOLOCHIA SACCATA. PoucH-FLOWERED
7 BIRTH-worRT.

KKK EEE EERE KEE EEE EEK
Class and Order.

GynanpRiA HexanpRiA.
( Nat. Ord.—AnrisToLocHIE2. )

Generic Character.

Calyx corollinus superus basi ventricosus, limbo vario.
Anthere 2-loculares stigmatis lateralibus insculpte. Cap-
sula infera 6-locularis polysperma. Spr.

Specific Name and Character.

Artstotocuia saccata ; volubilis, foliis oblongis vel ovato-
oblongis acuminatis integris subtus ramisque villosis,
floribus lateralibus racemosis, perianthio villoso in-
flexo medio ventricoso, limbo orbiculato angustissimo —
subrepando patentissimo fauce maxima. Wallich. _

Aristotocuia saceata. Wall. Plante Rariores, v. 2. t. 103. —
Ibid. Catalogue of Indian Plants, No. 2707, a.

This curious plant is a native of Silhet, and was intro-
duced into the Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh, from the
Calcutta Garden, in 1829. It produced a succession of
flowers in September last, but formed no fruit. I did not
perceive that exceedingly offensive smell, for which Dr.
Watticu, in the splendid work above quoted, says that its
blossoms are remarkable.

The ensnaring of insects by plants, is observed in man
cases, its use disputed, sometimes, I think, eeidesstaed,
and its benevolence in the arrangements of nature consid-
ered equivocal. One thing is obvious, it demonstrates

emeditation and design in the configuration of parts. The
arge, heavy pouch in the middleae the tube sige

keeps the flower pendulous, and its throat erect. Having
removed from the plant one of the racemes for examination,
I laid this down on the table, and was surprised to observe
a crowd of small flies immediately rush out at the throat.
I raised the flowers into their natural position again, and
though I saw, by placing them between me and the light,
that very many flies were still in the tube, all very restless,
and attempting to escape, not one could climb up the now
erect throat. I repeated this experiment many times, and
always with the same result :—in the horizontal position of
the flower, the flies came out instantly,—in the erect posi-
tion they were imprisoned. I could not discover, even
with the microscope, any cause for this, and am forced to
suppose, that there may be a particular condition of the
surface in the upper part of the tube, from secretion or
other cause, which prevents the adhesion of the feet of the
insects, though they are able to walk along it when hori-
zontal.

It is supposed that the confinement of insects in flowers
is to effect their impregnation, and it has been thought
that the decay of their bodies in other parts, as in D1-
onzA, Nepentues, and Sarracenia, tends to the nourish-
ment of the plant. The first, I believe, is sometimes true ;
—and though I discredit the second theory, I have not in
every supposed instance, the means of disproving it. In
the case under consideration, and I believe in others, the
object seems altogether different. Years ago, I observed
a living worm on several of the decayed leaves of Dionza
_muscipula, and was induced, in consequence, to suspect
that the capture of certain insects by this plant was not for
their destruction, but to provide a proper nidus for their
eggs; and I more confidently believe this to be the case with
Aristotocuia saccata ; for in all the flowers of this plant
which I opened, I found many perfect eggs, and many
living maggots. Some insects wrap up their eggs in leaves;
to others this instinct is denied ; but protection is extended
to their race by what, imperfectly understood, has been
thought an act of unmixed cruelty.

Descr. Shrub volubile ; stems very long, slender, branch-
ed ; bark, when old, corky, Leaves (twelve to fifteen inches
long, four broad) scattered, ovato-cordate, attenuated at
the apex, slightly waved and sinuated, entire in the edges,
‘So mmmenae when young covered with brown hairs, which,

elow, aresilky, more dense, subappressed, and longer than
above, where they are more erect; leaves when old less

hairy,

hairy, rather by the extension of the surface, than by the
hairs being deciduous; middle-rib and primary veins pro-
minent on both surfaces, transverse reticulations only pro-
minent behind. Racemes arising from the stem near its
base, where the leaves have dropped, and quite in the shade
(even under the table in the stove) several-flowered, pendu-
lous, like the petiole and young branches densely covered
with brown hairs, which are reflexed on the last, but erecto-
adpressed on the first two. Flowers membranous, covered
with spreading hairs, pendulous; tube turned upwards in
the middle, the reflected portion being parallel to and in
contact with the other, yellowish-white within and without,
but having externally many nerves, smaller transverse reti-
culations, and small, elandular excrescences, all of a brick-
red colour, contracted a little above its base, (and below
this part, both within and without, of a dirty-red colour, and
having spread over its inner surface a covering of hairs sin-
gularly crystalline and ramified,) forming a large pouch,
where it is reflected, and in its erect portion again contract-
ed, flattened in front, and slightly clavate upwards, within
this portion, minutely glandular, but without any hairs ;
throat circular, placed vertically, of bright yellow colour,
with a narrow, erect margin ; limb narrow, before expan-
sion folded in three triangular divisions across the throat,
when expanded flat and obscurely three-lobed, on its upper
(anterior) surface dark purple, densely covered with erect
warts of similar colour; on its lower (posterior) surface
similar to the outer surface of the tube. Anthers six, yel-
low, two-celled, bursting along the front, oblong, sessile
upon the short, stout, clavate style ; pollen yellow, granules
nearly globular. Stigma of three acute, connivent lobes,
sending projections downwards upon the style, so as to
separate the stamens into pairs. _Germen inferior, slightly

clavate, furrowed, densely covered with erect, brown hairs. _

Ovules very numerous, horizontal. Graham.

Fig. 1. Pistil with Stamens :—Magnified.

Swan Se.

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S. Curtis, Glazenwood FssexMarl.185 3.

Pub. by

WFitdvDaA*

( 3641 )
CHENopopiIuM Quinoa. Userut Quinoa.
Se se eo
Class and Order.
Penranpria Dieynia.

( Nat. Ord.—CueEnopopeEz. )

Generic Character.

Calyx 5-partitus. Corolla nulla. Stamina 5. Styli 2
simplices, vel unicus stigmatibus 2. Semen unicum (orbi-
culare) superum, pellicula tenuissima tectum. Embryo

periphericus.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

CueEnoropium Quinoa ; foliis triangulari-ovatis sinuatis sub-
angulato - pinnatifidis glaucis, paniculis axillaribus
terminalibusque, floribus densissime glomeratis fari-
nosis.

Cuenoropium Quinoa. Willd. Sp. Pl.v.1. p.1301. Humb.
et Kunth, Gen. et Sp. 0.2. p.153. Spreng. Sp. Pl. v.
1. 9. 920, |

CuEnopopium folio sinuato saturate virente, vulgo Quinoa.
Feuill, Chil. p. 15. t. 10. ea he i

If the present plant boasts neither beautiful forms nor
gaudy colours to attract attention, it must be recollected,
that we have promised, besides handsome plants, represen-
tations of such as are of peculiar interest; and it is upon
that ground alone that we venture to figure a vegetable, as
unattractive in external aspect as are the Oraches and the
Goosefoot of the road-sides and waste places of our own
country. The interest of the Cuznopopium Quinoa arises
from this, that in the temperate regions of South America,
it is, like the Corn in Europe, the “ chief nourishment of
the people ;” with this difference, however, that it is not

made into bread. The seeds, with their pericarps—in su
words,

words, the little glossy fruits, are what are so extensivel
employed as an article of food on the Pacific side of South
America, from the temperate parts of the Andes to the coast,
although the cultivation seems to be chiefly confined to
the mountainous districts. _We learn from the “ Mémoires
d’Agriculture” for 1786, that there are few countries in
South America where the Quinoa is more used than in
Lima. Two principal methods are employed in preparing
it. Inthe one case, it is boiled in water like Rice or Oat-
meal, and a kind of gruel is the result ; in which the seeds
are described as floating in the liquid coiled up and looking
like little white worms. These are, no doubt, the spirally
curved embryos of the seed. It is seasoned in various ways,
chiefly with Pimento, and is much liked by those who are
accustomed to it; but others find it insipid, and such is
especially the case in Europe, where, at Edinburgh, our
excellent friend Dr. Nerxx, tried various methods of prepar-
ing this vegetable, but like his countrywoman, the worship-
ful Lady Pumpuraston, who, on receiving, about a century
ago, a pound of the finest Green Tea from China, as a rare
and valuable present, stewed the same with butter, and
served it up as sauce to a salted round of beef, and then
marvelled “‘ how folk could praise such worthless, fissen-
less stuff ;’’ so perhaps, from an equal deficiency in the
mode of cooking, our Edinburgh friend could not make
“ these foreign greens” palatable.

The second mode of preparation employed in South
America is called Carapulque, and is a favourite dish with
the ladies of Lima. The grains are slightly toasted like
Coffee, strained, and boiled in water, yieldmg a brown-
coloured bouillie, seasoned with spices as in the first method,
but it has so peculiar a flavor that few strangers like it.
Two kinds of Quinoa are, however, in use in South Ame-
rica; the one here figured with very pale fruits, called the
White, and the dark, red-fruited one, called the Red Quinoa.
The latter is chiefly cultivated in gardens for its medicinal
virtues ; its seeds bruised and boiled in water, form a bitter
decoction, which, mixed with sugar, is employed as a vul-
nerary for sores and bruises. Cataplasms are also made of
this variety. But the bitter principle may be removed, by
throwing away the water in which the seeds are infused.
Did the Quinoa constitute a food agreeable to the European
taste, it might be cultivated easily enough ; and if grown in
a rich soil, or upon the refuse of a hot-bed frame, as the
plant was from which the accompanying figure was taken,

it

it attains a height of four or five feet by the month of
July, and continues flowering and ripening seeds till cut
off by the autumnal frosts. Dr. Granam informs us, that
he has cultivated both kinds at Edinburgh. Father Frvu-
ILL¥E, in his travels in Peru and Chili, seems first to have
brought this plant into notice. Domsry, in 1779, sent
seeds to Paris, but they did not succeed ; nor are we aware
that it was known in a living state in Europe till within
these few years, when it was in cultivation first in Paris, and
since in England. Mr. Lamserr directed public attention
to it in 1834: and we are indebted at the Glasgow Botanic »
Garden to Joun M‘Lean, Esq., of Lima, for seeds, which
have increased most abundantly in the course of a single
ear.
: Descr. Herbaceous, annual. Stem erect, stout, much
furrowed and angled, three to four or even five feet high in
a good soil, much branched, the branches short, erect, but
little again divided. Leaves on rather long petioles, espe-
cially the lower ones, which are almost as large as the
human hand, triangular-ovate, sinuated with prominent
angles, almost pinnatifid, of a pale, rather glaucous hue,
the young ones pulverulent. Panicles numerous, axillary
and terminal, longer than the leaves, bearing innumerable
small green, densely-clustered flowers, pulverulent from co-
pious globular granules, which cover them externally.
Perianth of five lanceolate, concave leaves, which scarcely
expand, but at almost all seasons are connivent over the
stamens and pistils, Stamens five, shorter than the calyx
and opposite to its segments. Anthers yellow. Germen
globose, depressed. Style bipartite. Fruit a depresso-
globose achenium, with a slightly elevated point in the
centre. al

Fig. 1. Flower. 2. The same laid open. 3. Fruit, enveloped by the
Perianth. 4. Fruit (of the white var.) :—magnified.

“12
3G Z

Swan
arts & 38.

aA Fissex Marl.

MOD

's, Glaicrn

Ceertéis,

A Ub.Ly 2g

( 3642 )

MAMMILLARIA ATRATA. DARK-GREEN
MAMMILLARIA.

KEKE EEEREE EEE EEE
: Class and Order.

Tcosanpria. Monoeynia.
( Nat. Ord.—Cacrez. )

Generic Character.

Calycis tubus ovario adherens, lobi 5—6 colorati fructum
juniorem coronantes. Petala 5—25 a calyce vix distincta,
eo longiora et eum sepalis in tubum concreta. Stamina
filiformia pluriserialia. Stylus filiformis. Stigma 3—7-
- fidum radiatum. Bacca levis oblonga. Semina nidulantia.
Cotyledones minute acuminate.—Suffrutices carnosi subro-
tundi aut cylindracei, lactescentes aut succo limpido repleti,
aphylh, tuberculis subconicis mammeformibus spiraliter dis-
positis, apice spinulas radiantes et tomentum demum deci-
duum gerentibus obtecti.- Flores enter basin mammillarum
sessiles, sepius-in zonam transversam dispositi. Bacca
obovata edulis, calyce:marcescente demum. deciduo, coro-

nata. Pferff.
Specific Character and Synonym.

Mamnittaria atrata; simplex ovali-cylindracea, crassa,
mammillis grossis conicis subobtusis inferioribus com-
ee apice obtusis, areolis albo-villosis setosis, acu-

eis semiuncialibus rigidiusculis strictis subaqualibus
patentibus rufis demum albis, floribus sub apice inser-
tis copiosis, petalis Se eg patentibus.

Mammittaria atrata, Hort. Mack. sae

A beautiful plant, from the choice collection of Mr.

Mackie, at Lakenham, near Norwich, where, by that gen- _ =

tleman’s skilful management, it flowers in very high perfec-
tion. It will be seen by Preirrer’s useful “ Enumeratio

‘~

Cactearum,”

Cactearum,’’ that he refers the Mam™ittaria atrata of gar-
dens to the M. rhodantha, Linx and Orro, “ Hortus Beroli-
nensis ;” but from that our plant is wholly different; nor
do I find it characterized in any work to which I have
access. The drawing was kindly communicated by the
Messrs. Mackte ; but the native country does not appear to
be ascertained ; though probably Chili, from whence it is well
known that Mr. Hrrcutn, the former possessor of Mr. Mack-
1z’s collection, received many excellent Cacrez. As I have
not had the advantage of seeing the living plant, I abstain
from offering any description, which could no way illus-
trate so excellent a figure as that which is here given.

JCL3

WFitch delt Pub. by S. Gods. Glaxenwood Fesex, Mar 1.1838. : Swarr Ser?

( 3643 )
DENDROBIUM AGGREGATUM. CLOSE-FLOW-
- ERED DENDROBIUM.

KKK KEK KEKE KKK EEE KEE EK
Class and Order.

GynanpDRiA Monanpria.
( Nat. Ord.—OnrcuipeEz. )

Generic Character.

Sepala membranacea, erecta vel patentia, lateralibus ma-
joribus obliquis cum basi producta columnez connatis.
Petala sepalo supremo seepius majora, nunc minora, semper
membranacea. Labellum cum pede columnz articulatum
vel connatum, semper sessile, indivisum vel trilobum,
sepius membranaceum, nunc appendiculatum. Columna
semiteres, basi longe producta. Anthera bilocularis. Pol-
linia 4, per paria collateralia—Herbe epiphyte, nune cau-
lescentes, nunc rhizomate repente pseudo-bulbifero. Folia
plana, sepius venosa. Flores solttaru fasciculati vel race-
mosi speciost. Lindl.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Denprogium aggregatum; pseudo-bulbis cespitosis mono-
phyllis ovatis sulcatis stipitatis cuticulo cinereo vesti-
tis, foliis oblongis emarginatis coriaceis nervosis, ra-
cemo laterali cernuo multifloro fere duplo brevioribus,
petalis ovatis sepalo latioribus, labello subintegerrimo
latiore quam longo basi concavo pubescente.

Denprogium aggregatum. Roxb. Fl. Ind. v. 3. p. 477.
Lindl. in Wall. Cat. Bot. Reg. t. 1695.

The plant was received at the Botanic Garden, Edin-
burgh, from Wentworth, the seat of Earl Firzwix1am, in
1836, and flowered in the beginning of May, 1837. It is
handsome ; but its blossoms quickly expand, and they pro-

bably last but a short while, in which case, they will be £
much yo

much less ornamental than the Oncrpiums, which flower
with us at the same time, but whose individual blossoms
are in beauty for many days.

Descr. Pseudo-bulbs (two inches long) ovate, crowded,
having about eight broad shallow grooves, and as many pro-
minent subacute ridges, loosely covered with a gray, shin-
ing, wrinkled cuticle, and marked with two transverse lines
(jomts), the outer stipitate. Leaf solitary, oblong, coria-
ceous, obscurely nerved, emarginate, and somewhat une-
qual at the apex, attenuated at the base, twice as long as
the bulb. Raceme (six inches long) protruded laterally
from the upper joint, cernuous, many-flowered, lax. Flow-
ers springing from the axil of a small, acute bractea, orange-
coloured, darkest towards the base of the lip ; sepals ovate,
united at their base, where the two lowest form a little
pouch behind the base of the lip; petals ovate, broader
and longer than the sepals, on short claws ; lip broader than
long, entire in the middle, ciliated towards the base, slightly
undulate, concave at their base, and excavated over
the point of its insertion into the base of the column, mi-
nutely pubescent in front. Colwmn short, streaked with
red in front, having a truncated scale near its base, scarce-
ly hollowed at the stigma, toothed at each side of the
anther, and in the centre behind affording attachment to
the bilocular, greenish anther-case ; pollen-masses sessile,
each grooved along the centre. Graham.

Fig. 1. Column and Sepals. 2. Lip:—magnified.

OFF

( 3644 )

CoLLETIA HORRIDA. BrisTLING CoOLLETIA.

KEKE KEKEKEKEKEEEEEEEE
Class and Order.

Pentanpria Monoeyntia.
( Nat. Ord.—Ruamneaz. )

_ Generic Character.

Calyx campanulatus, membranaceus, coloratus. Petala
o, vel minutissima, linearia. Stamina antheris ovatis bilo-
cularibus vel reniformibus unilocularibus. Discus brevis,
cu formis, fundo calycis adnatus. Ovarium liberum,
triloculare. Stylus simplex, elongatus. Fructus basi caly-
cis tubo persistente cinctus, tricoccus, dehiscens. Semina
sessilia. Brongn.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Couteria * horrida ; spinis yalidis, florum fasciculis sparsis,
calycibus ovato-cylindraceis, antheris subsessilibus.

Coxtuetia horrida. Brongn. in Ann. des Sc. Nat. v. 10, p.
366. t. 14. f. 1. Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1776. (non Willd.)

Coretia ferox. Gill. et Hook. Bot. Mise. v. 1. p. 154. t.
A4. B.

A singular but not very ornamental plant, belonging toa
Genus remarkable for its spinescent character, natives of the
temperate, and chiefly extratropical parts of South America;
growing in sandy places, and seeming to occupy such spots
as the Whin or Furze does with us. Leaves only exist
in young plants, or the tender shoots; in age they seem

almost made up of spines ; but in none in so extraordinary
a

* Named in compliment to a French Botanist of the name of CoLLET, of
whom little is known, except that he studied the plants of Brazil,
the system of the celebrated TouRNEFORT.

VOL. XI. Cc

a manner as in the C. cruciata, Hoox. et Girt. Bot. Misc.
v. 1. p. 152. t. 43, which was found by Dr. Gites near
Maldonado, in the Banda Oriental. It is a mass of oppo-
site, decussated and decurrent, large, lateral, compressed
spines, of a dark green colour, but woody and exceedingly
rigid. Our present species is of a much milder character,
yet so rigid as to be used in its native country, Chili and
Mendoza, instead of brooms, whence it has, with many other
such plants, received the Spanish name of retinilla. Ina
warm and dry situation it survives our English winters ;
and the drawing here made by Mrs. Pore was sent by Mr.
Curtis, in whose garden, we believe, it flourished, blossom-
ing in June.

Descr. A small, tufted bush, with innumerable spinous
branches, the spines simple or divided, very generally tri-
partite, terete, clothed with a soft green bark. Leaves are
only borne by the younger shoots, and are small, opposite,
ovate, serrated, glabrous on short petioles. Flowers from
the axils of the spines in the upper part of the branches,
fasciculated, drooping. Peduncles scarcely half an inch
long. Calyx white, externally tinged with green and rose
colour, ovato-cylindrical, the mouth a little spreading, cut
into five recurved segments, lined within, at the base, with
a fleshy disk, involute at the margin, where a separation
takes place as the fruit ripens. Stamens five. Anthers
sessile, roundish-reniform, opening, as it were, with two
unequal lips. Germen globose; Style shorter than the
calyx ; Stigma small, three-cleft. .

W. Pitch Deb ® Prabha © Gurtis Glazenwvad Essex Marl.1838 .

( 3645 )
PENTSTEMON DIFFUSUS. SPREADING
PENTSTEMON.

KEKE EEK EKER ERK EKER EE
Class and Order.

DipynamiA ANGIOSPERMIA.
( Nat. Ord.—ScropuutarineEx. )

Generic Character.

Calyx 5-partitus. Corolla bilabiata, ventricosa. Rudi-

mentum filamenti quinti superne barbatum. Capsula bilo-—
cularis. i

Specific Character and Synonyms.

PeENTsTEMON diffusus ; ramosus diffusus, foliis inferioribus
lato-ovatis petiolatis superioribus sensim minoribus
sessilibus acuminatis omnibus grosse inzqualiter serra-
tis, panicula foliosa, laciniis calycinis tubo corolle
3-plo brevioribus lanceolatis serratis.

Pentstemon diffusus. Dougl. Journ. ined. Lindl. Bot.
Reg. t. 1132. Hook. Fl. Bor. Am. v. 2. p. 95.

A very handsome species, of a beautiful, and now, thanks
to the labours of its discoverer, extensive Genus. Noa
less than twenty-three are enumerated as inhabiting the
British Possessions in North America, of which seventeen
were new discoveries of Mr. Doveras. His success was
almost equally great in California, and others, and very
splendid species indeed, are found to inhabit the warmer
parts of the United States and Mexico. The present is a
native of the mouth of the Columbia River, and was intro-
duced by the Horticultural Society in 1827. It flowers
through the summer and autumnal months.

Descr. A hardy herbaceous plant, with perennial root.
Stems spreading, two and even three feet high, glabrous, as

m

is every part of the plant. Leaves ovate, all of them very
coarsely and unequally serrated, the lower ones tapering
into a footstalk, the rest sessile, gradually becoming smaller
and more acuminated on the upper part of the stem. Pe-
duncles two and three inches long, leafy upwards, and
bearing a corymbé of three to five or six large purple flowers.
These peduncles arise from the axils of the leaves in the
upper part of the plant, so that the inflorescence may be
described as a large, leafy panicle. Calyx about one-third
the length of the tube of the corolla, its segments lanceo-
late, serrated. Corolla with the throat inflated, the limb
two-lipped, the upper lip with two, the lower with three
nearly equal lobes. Stamens included. Barren filament
rather longer than the tube, bearing a conspicuous white
tuft of hairs.

Fig. 1. Calyx with a portion of the Corolla, bearing the Stamens, and in-
eluding the Pistil :—magnified.

3OLO

Wkitch del? Lub. by S.Curtis Glaxerewood Essex Mar. 1.1838. Swan Se

€ 3646 )

MAMMILLARIA TENUIS. TAPER Mam-
MILLARIA. ;

KR KKK EE KEE EEE EEE EE EK
Class and Order.

Icosanpria Monoeynia.

( Nat. Ord.—Cacrez. )

7

Generic Character.

Calycis tubus ovario adherens, lobi 5—6 colorati fructum
juniorem coronantes. Petala 5—25 a calyce vix distincta,
eo longiora et cum sepalis in tubum concreta. Stamina
filiformia pluriserialia. Stylus filiformis. Stigma 3—7-
fidum radiatum. Bacca levis oblonga. Semina nidulantia.
Cotyledones minute acuminate.—Suffrutices carnosi subro-
tundi aut cylindracei, lactescentes aut succo limpido repleti,
aphylli, tuberculis subconicis mammeformibus spiraliter dis-
positis, apice spinulas radiantes et tomentum demum deci-
duum gerentibus obtecti. Flores inter basin mammillarum
sessiles, sepius im zonam transversam dispositi. Bacca
obovata edulis, calyce marcescente demum deciduo, coro-
nata. Pfeiff.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Mammittiaria tenuis ; basi sepe multiplex, cylindracea, ax-
illis angustis nudis, mammillis ovatis, areola juniorum
sublanata, aculeis setiformibus 20—25 flavidis radian-
tibus mammilla paulo longioribus, centralibus nullis.

Mammittaria tenuis. De Cand. Rev. des Cact. p. 110.
Mém. p. 4. t. 1. Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1523. Prfeiff.

Enum. Cact. p. 6.

This is no doubt a variable plant. The specimen to
which De Canpotte applied the name, though as tall as
the one here figured, was only five lines in diameter. Of

the beautiful little group to which this belongs, four kinds
| were

were discovered in Mexico, M. echinaria, subcrocea, inter-
texta, and the present one, all of De Canpotte, but these
four, that able traveller, Dr. Counter, who had the oppor-
tunity of studying them in their native soil, considers, con-
trary to the opinion of De Canpo1te, as but forms of one and
the same species, Indeed the M. densa of Linx and Orro,
Hort. Berol. t. 35, (var. 8. of M. echinata, according to
PreirFer,) can scarcely be distinguished from this, but by
its rather large mamme, and longer and straighter spines.
Be that as it may, the present plant is one of great beauty
and of very curious structure. The aculei are so closely
placed and so regular and delicate, that they seem to clothe
the plant with a fine cobwebby substance. The specimen
from which the present drawing was taken, flowered in the
stove of the Glasgow Botanic Garden in the month of May.
It grows freely, and is readily increased by offsets.

Descr. Plant two to four inches high, and an inch or
more in diameter, cylindrical, or a little tapering upwards,
throwing out copious nearly globose offsets from the sides,
especially at the base. The whole is covered with mam-
mille of an hemispherical form, green, about a quarter of an
inch in diameter, each tipped with a tuft of white down, from
which diverges a cluster of about twenty slender, recurvo-
patent aculei, nearly as long as the mammille, at first red-
dish, then yellowish or pale tawny. From below the sum-
mit and froin all sides indifferently, spring the flowers,
solitary, small, and campanulate, they are pale straw-
coloured, slightly externally tinged with red.

g

Fig. 1. Flower. 2. Pistil :—magnified.

27

36

L\ } SY

for /.1L838

wt, bu St wurde

( 3647 )

MAMMILLARIA FLORIBUNDA. Copious-
FLOWERING MAMMILLARIA.

KEK KEE KEKE EEEE EKER KEKE
Class and Order.

Icosanpria Monoeynia.
( Nat. Ord.—Cacrez. )

Generic Character.

Calycis tubus ovario adherens, lobi 5—6 colorati fructum
juniorem coronantes. Petala 5—25 a calyce vix distincta,
eo longiora et cum sepalis in tubum conereta. Stamina
filiformia pluriserialia. Stylus filiformis. Stigma 3—7-
fidum radiatum. Bacca levis oblonga. Semina nidulantia.
Cotyledones minute, acuminate.—Suffrutices carnosi sub-
rotundi aut cylindracei, lactescentes aut succo limpido repleti,
aphylli, tuberculis subconicis mammeformibus spiraliter dis-
positis, apice spinulas radiantes et tomentum demum deci-
duum gerentibus obtectt. Flores inter basin mammillarum
sessiles, sepius in zonam transversam dispositi. Bacca obo-
vata edulis, calyce marcescente demum deciduo, coronata.

Pfeiff.
Specific Name and Character.

Mammnitiaria floribunda; simplex subdeformis globoso-
subcylindracea, mammillis grossis conico-hemispheri-
cis obtusis, areolis villoso-tomentosis, aculeis 14—16
validis strictis subequalibus viridi -fuscis, floribus
copiosissimis, petalis valde inzqualibus interioribus
erectis.

This really fine Mammitiarra was imported by Mr.
Hircuin from Chili, and passed with the rest of that gentle-
man’s rich collection of Cacrez into the hands of Messrs.
Mackie of the Norwich Nursery, who kindly sent the beau-

tiful figure here represented. I do not find it any where
described ;

described ; indeed, we cannot but regret how few of the
many Cacrez# noticed by Travellers as inhabiting the
Pacific side of extra-tropical America; have been yet intro-
duced to our gardens. The early writers on Cactez erred
in considering the Cacrez as almost peculiar to the warmer
parts of the tropics, and curiosity was much excited when
Dr. Gites sent from Mendoza (lat. 33° 25” S.) no less than
twenty-two species. The distinguished Traveller and Nat-
uralist, Mr. C. Darwin, found “ Cacti abundant, and of a
large size, at Rio-Negro in latitude 41° S. :”” and one spe-
cies, Opuntia Darwinii, HENstow, was seen by that gentle-
man so far South as Port St. Julian in lat. 49° S., though
more abundant in Patagonia, at Port Desire, lat. 47° S.,
where the climate indeed is remarkably dry and clear, hot
m summer, but with sharp frosts during the winter nights.

The present species I have no opportunity of describing
particularly. It will be at once seen that in some charac-
ters it approaches our M. atrata (t. 3642) differing, howe-
ver, abundantly in its stouter habit, larger, and less closely
placed, and more projecting mammille, the stouter and
coarser aculei, larger flowers, and very unequal petals,
which are moreover of a paler red colour, yellowish in their
lower half.

2048

Wittch ded PuZ by S. Curtis” Clatbnedad 5 Es pe ee sie

Swart Se:

( 3648 )

CYMBIDIUM TRISTE. LurRID-FLOWERED
CyMBIDIUM.

Class and Order.

“Gynanpria Monanprtia.
( Nat. Ord.—Orcuinez. )

Generic Character.

Perianthium explanatum, petalis sepalisque subzequa-
libus liberis. Labellum sessile, liberum, ecalcaratum, con-
cavum, cum basi columnz nunc articulatum, nunc levyiter
connatum, indivisum vel trilobum. Coluwmna erecta, sermi-
teres. Anthera bilocularis. Pollinia 2, sepius postice
biloba, in glandulam subtriangularem subsessilia. Lind.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Cymerpium triste; foliis teretibus, racemo axillari subses-
sili, sepalis oblongis equalibus 3 superioribus conni-
vetibus, labello trilobo lobis lateralibus abbreviatis
terminali transverso cordato.

Cymeipium triste. Willd. Sp. Pl. v. 4. p. 99. Lindl.
Orchid. p. 167. Spreng. Syst. Veg. v. 3. p. 722.

Epipenprvuo triste. Forst. Prodr. n. 314.

Epipenprvo teres. Thunb,

Luista teretifolia. Gaudich. Voy. Part. Bot. p. 437. t. 47.

Vanpa? trichorhiza. Hook. Ex. Fl. t. 72.

A very remarkable Eripnyre, though destitute of the

udy flowers which distinguish so many individuals of this
family. It is a native of various countries in the South-
eastern portion of the Old World, as New Caledonia, (where
it was first discovered by Forster during the celebrated
voyage of Captain Cook,) the Mariane Islands, Japan,
Ceylon, and Neal It was introduced from the latter

country to our stoves by Dr. Watticu, and our first geeks
ge

ledge of it was derived from a plant which flowered at the
Liverpool Botanic Garden several years ago, and we then
referred it doubtfully to the Genus Vanna. Our present
figure was taken from a plant that blossomed in Mr. Hors-
FALL'S rich collection at Everton.

Descr. Stem eight to ten inches high, throwing out
strong fibres from the base, which appear to be sometimes
clothed with a woolly substance. Leaves three to four or
five inches long, terete, fleshy, green. Flowers in a short,
sessile raceme, from the axil of a leaf, drooping. Sepals
oblong, concave, fleshy, purplish-yellow, the three upper
ones connivent over the column, while the two lower ones
are situated under the lip. ip large in proportion to the
size of the blossom, of a very rich deep purple hue, three-
lobed, the lateral lobes obsolete, the terminal one broader
than long, cordate. Column short, pale green, partially
mottled with purple. Anther-case tawny. Pollen-masses
yellow.

Fig. 1. Front view of a Flower. 2, Column and Anther. 3. Anther-
case. 4. Pollen-masses :—magnified.

Swan Se.

Pub. by S. Curtis Glazenmord Essex Apr. L158 38. :

W. FitchDelt

nephew, Dr. Wi1u14m Barton, in an animated and interest-

( 3649 )

BARTONIA AUREA. GoLDEN BARTONIA.

KKK KKK KEKE KKK EKKEK EERE
Class and Order.

Icosanpria _Monoeynta.
_( Nat. Ord.—Loaszz. )

Generic Character.

Calycis tubus cylindraceus arcte ovarium vestiens, sed
forsan liber ; limbus 5-partitus persistens. Petala 10 un-
guiculata calyce mserta. Stamina innumera (200—250)
cum petalis inserta, iis breviora, filamentis liberis, externis
interdum sterilibus, antheris oblongis. Stylus filiformis
striis 3—7 spiralibus notatus et inde stylis 5—7 omnino
convexis et spiraliter tortis constans. Capsula oblonga,
1-locularis, 3—7-valvis, placentis totidem seminum series 2
gerentibus. Semima compressa numerosa,—Herbe pilis
barbatis rigidis tenacibusque pubescentes. Folia alterna in-
terrupte pinnatifida. Flores terminales solitarii ampli albi
(vel lutez).

Specific Character and Synonym.

Bartonia aurea ; foliis ovato-lanceolatis simpliciter pinna-
tifidis laciniis nferiorum grosse serratis, bracteis ovatis
pinnatifidis flores obvallantibus, petalis 5 obovatis cus-
pidatis, filamentis numerosissimis omnibus filiformi-
bus. Lindl.

Bartonia aurea. Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1831.

Barronza is exclusively an American Genus, and as the
author of it (Nurraui) justly observes, one of the most sin-
gular and splendid of that vast Continent. It commemo-
rates thename of Dr. Bensamin Smrru Barron, of Philadel-
phia, Professor of Botany in the University of that city,
and author of “ Elements of Botany” (of which an English
edition appeared in 1804), and of “ Fragments of the Nat.
History of Pennsylvania.” Sir James E. Smrra says of him
that, “‘ after many exertions and several publications in the
cause of Natural Science, he died of hydrothorax, on the
19th of December, 1815, in the fiftieth year of his age. His

mg

ing ‘ Biographical Sketch’ of his character and pursuits,
has preserved some account of the plants which compose
this Genus, written by the late Professor three or four days
before his death, and accompanied by many particulars
relative to Mr. Purso and Mr. Norratt, through whose
means it has come to the knowledge of European Botanists ;
all which evince a love of Science, which the most painful
bodily sufferings could not repress.”

The Genus was founded on the Barron1a ornata, Pursu
and Nurratt (B: decapetala, Sims, Bot. Mag. t. 1487,) and
it truly deserved the name on account of its very large white
and handsome blossoms, each of ten petals, an inhabitant of
the Missouri. To this Nurratn added, from the same
country, B. nuda, aspecies from the same locality, and with
a similar habit, but with smaller flowers. Mr. Dovetas in
his first expedition to North-west America found three new
species on the Columbia, which I had the satisfaction of
publishing in the Flora Bor. Americana, B. levicaulis, (with
a figure, t. 69,) B. parviflora, and B. albicaulis :—and in his
second visit to those regions, he had the singular good for-
tune to discover this, the most showy of the whole, having
golden, not white (as the rest of the species) flowers, near
Monteréy, in California, and he sent home seeds in 1834.
The Horticultural Society has liberally distributed the
seeds, which, proving perfectly hardy, the plant is now
found in gardens very remote from the metropolis, even in
_ the Highlands of Argyleshire. Its flowers continued with
us in succession and in great beauty from J uly till October.
This is perhaps the only species of Bartonsa that has ever
flowered in Britain, (Dr. Sims’ B. decapetala having been
drawn from a dried specimen,) and it is probably a mis-
understanding on the part of Pursn, that the flowers open
“only during the night ;” and this has-been noticed as a
character of the Genus. Nurran says the blossoms expand
towards sunset. This is certain, that those species disco-
vered by Dovexas, have their flowers expanded only during
the hot sunshine.

Descr. Root annual. Stem two to three feet high, branched and
straggling, succulent, scabrous. Leaves lanceolate, pinnatifid, the seg-
ments entire or coarsely serrated; smaller ones, or bracteas, immediately
surround the calyx, but they do not so completely conceal them as in B.
ornata. Peduncles axillary, each bearing two or three flowers, of which
only one expands at a time. Calyz of five lanceolate segments, much
shorter than the petals, Corolla of five large, bright yellow, obcordate
petals, red at the base. Stamens numerous, the outer ones much the

longest. -Anthers twisted after the pollen is discharged. Germen in-
ferior, furrowed. Style filiform. aif

_ ~ Fig. 1. Calyx and Pistil. ‘2, Portion of a Stamen with ect Anther. 3. Outer, and a
_ 4, inner Stamen, with the Anthers twisted in names’. ey ‘

W Pitch ded? Lub By S

(ty, Me a7 y ad F,
Curtis: Claserwoed Busex. dprllé3s Oe Swat ce
: Swan

*

( 3650 )

LOPHOSPERMUM SCANDENS. CLIMBING
LopPpHOSPERMUM.,

eskeskeskeobsbaokokobobabakakeobabeabesbaksbeabeale
Class and Order.

DipynamiA ANGIOSPERMIA.

( Nat. Ord.—ScrorHutaRineZz. )
ad

Generic Character.

Calyx 5-partitus. Corolla campanulata; limbo 5-lobo,
subequali. Capsula bilocularis, irregulariter dehiscens.
Semina imbricata, membranaceo-alata.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Lornospermum scandens ; foliis cordatis grosse inequali-
terque dentatis tenuissime glanduloso-pubescentibus,
calycis segmentis oblongis apice attenuatis, corolla
extus nuda lobis inferioribus erectis.

LopuospermMum scandens. Don, in Linn. Soc. Trans. 15.
353, (not Don in Sw. Br. Fl. Gard. t. 68, nor Bot.
Mag. t. 3037, 3038, which is now L. erubescens. Don.)
Henslow, in the Botanist, No. 17.

This plant, though only lately introduced, is easily cul-
tivated, either in the open air or in the greenhouse, and has,
with the LopHospermum erubescens, and the Ruopocuiron
volubile, even, within a few months, given a character to
our trellises as new, as that imparted a few years ago to
our greenhouses, by the introduction of the Fuchsias, Cal-
ceolarias, and the varieties of the genus SaxpicLossis.

Descr. Plant herbaceous, scandent by its petioles,
with long slender branches, everywhere, excepting on the
outside of the corolla, finely glanduloso-pubescent. Leaves
(an inch and three quarters broad, two and a half long)
opposite below, alternate above, petiolate, gepinen.

subacute,

Vou. XU. F

subacute, coarsely and unequally toothed, of lively green
above, paler below, seven-nerved, nerves prominent below,
channelled above, teeth mucronate!“ Petioles: as long as
the leaves, grooved: above. .. Peduneles. solitary,, axillary,
single-flowered, erect, reaching beyond the middle of the
leaf. Calym, five-partite,.. segments (one.inch Jong, five
lines broad) oblong, slightly cordate at the base, attenuated
and connivent at the apex, projecting outwards along their
edges, entire, slightly undulate, subequal, the lowest rather
the shortest. Corolla twice as:long:as the calyx, funnel-
shaped, purplish-rose-coloured, obscurely dotted on its
outside, but without pubéseerice; ‘be white, especially
on its lower side, flattish above, with two grooves below,
dilated and angular where.it:covers the, germen ; limb five-
lobed, uppermost lobes largest, subacute, reflected, slightly
pubescent within, lowermost blunt, erect; the:middle one
the smallest,:and from its base on each side proceeds, to the
origin of the longer stamens, an elevated line corresponding
with the groove on the outside, and covered with short erect
coarse hairs, yellow only towards the limb; ‘and much less
dense. than in Loryospermum erubescens. «Stamens four;
didynamous; as long as the tube, from the base of which
they arise, and to which they are adherent till they pass'the
germen, above which they are free, and hairy for a little
way, higher up glabrous, sprinkled with afew. colourless
glands only towards the anthers; anthers cream -coloured,
lobes diverging below; and. bursting along the face; pollen
granules minute:» A’) minute: tuft \of ‘hairs between: the
shorter ‘stamens, and>a dittle below the: part at which they
become free, is the rudiment of a fifth stamen. Pistil as
long as the shorter:stamens ;::germen small, conical, green,
seated upon a yellowish obscurely lobed glabrous disk ;
style continuous, straight, in “contact. with the‘upper’ side
of the tube, glabrous, bent ‘nearly tovaright angle imme-
diately below the stigma.-° Oviiles very many!° Graham.
IS2ITS 21iuDs .2ibiveit-obidla a: ditoraiy
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( 3651 )

CEREUS. PENTALOPHUS; subarticulatus, _Frve-
WINGED CEREUS, somewhat jointed var.

Class and Order.

IcosanpriA Monoeynia.
(Nat. Ord.—Cacrez.)

088 Generic Character.

_ Sepala numerosissima imbricata; basi ovario adnata, in
tubum elongatum concreta, exteriora breviora. calycinalia,
medio longiora colorata, intima petaliformia: | Stamina
numerosissima cum tubo concreta. Stylus filiformis, apice
multifidus. Bacca areolata, sepalorum reliquiis squamata
aut tuberculosa. Cotyledones acuminate#.—Frutices carnosi
subglobost: vel elongati, strict, articulati vel repentes, axi
ligneo interne medullifero donati, angulis verticalibus spina-
rum fasciculos gerentibus vel inermibus regulariter. sulcati.
Anguli sew ale:nunc plurime, nunc paucissime,-rarius duo
tantum, et tunc rami compresso-alati inermes. Flores ampli
e spinarum fasciculis lateralibus trunet aut ramorum vetus-
tiorum, aut crems angulorum orti.. Fructus oviformes, ple-
rumque anno sequente maturescentes, edules: Pfeiff.

‘Specific Char rracter anil Synony onyms.

Cereus, pentalophus ; erectus cinereo-viridis obtusus, costis
5 -verticalibus obtusis,. fasciculis approximatis, areo-
la juniore yelutiva, aculeis 5—7 setaceis divergentibus,
junioribus albido-flavidis, adultis griseis.

Cereus pentalophus. De Cand. Rev. des Cact. p. 117.
Pfeiff. Enum. Cact. p. 101. ;

(«.) simplex ; caule simplice, sinubus latis obtusis, costis
parum prominulis, aculeis albidis, areolis subnudis.

Cereus propinquus. De Cand. _

(8.) subarticulatus ; caule ramosissimo subarticulato, costis
irregularibus subrepandis vel tuberosis, sinubus angus-
tioribus, aculeis junioribus flavescentibus, areolis
albo-lanatis. Pfed/f-

Cereus leptacanthus. DC. (Tab. nostr. Tab. 3651.)

C. pentalophus, with its varieties above quoted from Dr
CanpDo_Le, was discovered by Dr. Coutrer in Mexico, but
it does not appear from the descriptions that its flowers
were known previous to the blossoming of the present in-
dividual in Mr. Macxte’s collection at Norwich. The
flower is exceedingly handsome, of a fine rose colour,
paler and almost white in the centre, where are the yellow
anthers, and rising above them is the cluster of dark blue-
green styles. The germen is prickly like the stem.

AME. eet.

Ur Fg re a x ‘
W Fitch ded Fue by JS, Guartts

Glazenwood Esse Apr. 1 1833 Swarr Se

fe

( 3652 )

KENNEDYA NIGRICANS. DINGY-FLOWERED
KENNEDYA.

KEKE KEK KEKE EKER EEE ERE
Class and Order.

DiapetpHia Decanpris.
( Nat. Ord.—Leeuminosz. )

Generic Character.

Calyx bilabiatus, labio superiore bidentato, inferiore
trifido equali. Corolla papilionacea, vexillo recurvo a
carina non reflexo. Stamina diadelpha. Stigma obtusum.
Legumen lineare compressum isthinis cellulosis transversis
multiloculare. Semina strophiolata.—Frutices Nove Hol-
landie volubiles. Pedunculi axillares. Flores rubri aut
violacet, vexillo basi bimaculato.

Specific Character and Synonym.

Kennepya nigricans ; foliolis ovatis retusis solitariis terna-
tisve, racemis simplicibus, floribus erectis secundis,
carina recta vexillo sublongiore, alis apicibus patenti-
bus, calycibus villosis basi angustatis. é

Kennepya nigricans. Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1715.

Our specimens of this New Holland climber, sent both
by Messrs. Lows, of Clapton, and from the Edinburgh
Botanic Garden, differ from the figure given of it by Pro-
fessor Linptey in having the leaves altogether simple, and
the flowers of a much deeper colour, almost approaching
to black, forming a striking contrast with the rich scarlet-
blossomed species which abound in the same country. :

Descr. A _ twining shrub, attaining a_ considerable
height, more or less pubescent. Leaves in our specimens
simple, large, broadly ovate, almost cordate at the base,

retuse at the apex, sometimes ternate on the same branch.
Stipules

Stipules small, ovate, pointed. Peduncles axillary, much
longer than the petiole, bearing a raceme of erect, secund
flowers. Pedicels about as long as the calyx, which latter
is hairy with dusky pubescence. Corolla dark, black-
purple. Vexillum oblong, remarkably retrofracted, pale
yellow in the disk. Wings as long as the keel, narrow,
the extremities spreading. Keel nearly straight. Stamens

ten, diadelphous. Style a little longer than the stamens,
Stigma small, capitate.

W. Fitch. delt

( 3653 )

ReEHMANNIA Cuinensis. CHINESE REuH-
MANNIA.

ERK KEK KEK KEK EERE ER ER
Class and Order.

DipynAMIA ANGIOSPERMIA.
( Nat. Ord.—ScropuHunarinE&. )

Generic Character.

Calyx campanulatus, 5-fidus. Corolla ringens, tubulo-
so-ventricosa ; limbo 5-lobo, lobis subequalibus 2 superi-
oribus reflexis. Stamina didynama. Anthere terminales,
loculis divergentibus muticis. Stigma bilamellatum. Cap-
sula ovata, polysperma, unilocularis, bivalvis; valvulis in
media parte septiferis, marginibus liberis. Semina albu-
minosa, ovata, membrana spongiosa reticulata involuta.

Fisch. |
Specific Character and Synonyms.

Reumannia* Chinensis. Fisch. et Meyer, Ind. Sem. Hort.
Petrop. p. 36. Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1960.

ResmanniA glutinosa. Libosch in Herb. Imp. Petrop.

GerarpiA glutinosa. Bunge Enum. Plant. Chin. p. 49.
(not Linn.)

Dierraus glutinosa. Gaertn. in Nov. Commen. Acad. Imp.
Petrop. v. 14. p. 544. t. 20.

This interesting plant is a native of walls and of waste
and mountainous places about Pekin, where it was collected
by Dr. Buyer, now Professor of Botany at Kasan, who
accompanied the Ecclesiastical Russian Mission to China.
The result of his botanical researches there were given in

a work entitled “ Enumeratio Plantarum, quas in China
| _ Boreali

* Probably named in compliment to a Botanist of the name of REHMANN,

Boreali collegit Dr. Au. Buyer, Anno 1831.” On his return,
he explored the Altaic Mountains with such success as to
be rewarded by the discovery of three hundred and fifty
species of plants, including many new ones, and which will
form a valuable supplement to the already extensive Flora
of that country, published by Dr. Leprsour. Treated as
a hardy greenhouse plant, Reamannia Sinensis flowers
readily in the early summer. Its blossoms vary somewhat
in size and in colour, as may be seen by a comparison of
our figure with that of Professor Linp.ey.

Descr. Pubescenti-hirsute. Stem from a span to a foot
high, erect, weak, tinged with purple, branched at the base.
Leaves obovate, alternate, tapering into a short stalk at
the base, acute, remotely and coarsely subinciso-serrate,
somewhat shining, wrinkled with veins: lower petioles
about an inch long. Pedunecles axillary, solitary, from
almost every leaf, single-flowered, longer than the leaf.
Calyx tube oval, inflated, striated with ten elevated lines,
the limb of five recurved ovate segments, of which the
two lower ones are set more apart than the rest. Corolla
large, handsome, yellowish-buff, deeply tinged at the mouth
and upper part of the tube both within and without;
dark purple, hairy all over; the tube remarkably com-
pressed, the limb large, spreading, two-lipped, upper lip of
two, lower of three oval, obtuse, emarginate lobes, marked
with reticulated veins as in Hyoscyamus. Stamens and style
quite included. Filaments four, didynamous, yellow,
spotted with purple, not half the length of the corolla, and
arising from near its base. Anthers of two diverging,
oblong cells. Germen ovate, green, inserted on an annu-
lar disk, one-celled with two parietal placente, bearing
two lobes with numerous ovules. Style reaching the
height of the stamens. Stigma two-lipped, as in Mimu.vs.

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Swan Se,

( 3654 )

Acavre Americana; var. foliis variegatis. GREAT
American ALoE; with variegated leaves.

SEK KKK KKK KK EEKEEEK
Class and Order.

Hexanpria Monoeynia.
( Nat. Ord.—Brome.iscez. )

Generic Character.

Corolla infundibuliformis, basi tubulosa; limbo erecto,
6-partito, equali. Stamina exserta, summo tubi inserta ;
filamentis longis, subulatis, compressis, suberectis. An-
there magne, lineares, versatiles. Stylus filiformis, subtri-
gonus. Stigma capitato-trigonum. Capsula oblonga v.
obovata, subtrigona, trilocularis, polysperma. Semina
numerosissima, biserialia, plana.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Acave * Americana ; foliis dentato-spinosis, scapo ramoso,
tubo corolla medio angustato, staminibus corolla lon-
gioribus stylo subbrevioribus.

Acave Americana. Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 461. Ruiz et Pav.
Fl. Peruv. v. 3. p. 66. Humb. et Bonpl. Nov. Gen. v.
1. p. 238. Andr. Bot. Rep. t. 438. Roem. et Sch.
Syst. Veget. v. 7. p. 722. Spr. Syst. Veget. v. 2. p. 78.

Var. 6. folioruam marginibus flavis. ( Tab. nostr. 3654.) ~

The Aloe, that Patriarch of the Flowers, which “ blooms
once in a hundred years, and whose blossoms then are
developed with such rapidity, as to occasion an explosion
resembling the firing of a cannon,” is the theme of a tale.
that all have heard from their infancy, and to which many _
still give credence. In regard to the age at which the plants
flower, that is extremely uncertain, and depends much a.

* From wyavoc, admirable, on account of the stateliness and grandeur of
_ this plant.

the health and vigour of the individuals, and the degree of
heat to which they have been exposed. Many live toa great
age, and appear never to flower at all. In warm climates
twenty-five or thirty years, and, probably, a much shorter
period is sufficient to bring them to perfection. The most
remarkable instance on record of the early flowering of the
American Aloe is that detailed by Mr: Hawngrns in the Trans-
actions of the Horticultural Society, v. 4. p. 389. This took
place in the open ground, at Woodville, near Salcombe,
Devonshire, the residence of the late James Yates, Esq., and
considering that the plant is a native of South America,
more especially within the tropics, it.tells more for the mild-
ness of that part of England, than any circumstance that
could be mentioned. The Aloe was planted in 1804, when
it was only about’six inches high, and then two or three years
old, within a few yards of the sea-shore, yet elevated forty
or fifty feet above the level of the water, where it never had
any cover, shelter, manure, or cultivation. In 1812, it was
more than five feet high, and it grew during that summer,
nearly the eighth of an inch daily. In 1820 it measured
between ten and eleven feet in height, and covered’a space,
the diameter of which was sixteen feet ; its leaves, close to
the stem, being nearly nine inches thick. In the beginning
of June of that year, a stem made. its appearance, resem-
bling a head of Asparagus, of immense size, which, during
six weeks grew at the rate of three inches a-day, and then
gradually diminished in progress ; but not till it had attain-
ed the elevation of tweuty-seven feet from the ground, which
was at about the middle of Septeinber.’ The two lowest
branches first showed flowers on the 3d of September, and
others came out in succession from the beginning of Octo-
ber, to the.end of November, when. they all began to lose
their colour and to decay. There were upwards of forty
flowering bunches, each with between three and four hun-
dred flowers, making in all above sixteen thousand blossoms,
As the stem grew, the leaves began to wither ; and it ap-
pears the plant then died.” “ Its age was twenty-one years :
the height from the earth when,in blossom. twenty-seven
feet: the lateral branches, beginning at twelve feet from the
ground, were in number forty-two; the lowest projecting
two feet from the stem, and gradually diminishing to about
a foot or nine inches in length at the top: the stalk where
the side branches commenced was twenty inches round, or
near seven inches,, in. diameter, eradually tapering to the
apex: the bunches of flowers (or at least. those next the
bottom) were from a foot to fourteen inches in breadth.”

Although |

Although various instances are on record of this plant having blossom-
ed when confined in a pot or tub, and sheltered from the severity of our
climate, yet the occurrence is so rare, as to excite a great deal of inter-
est in the neighbourhood where such an event takes place; and I know
not whether the variegated-leaved variety, which is not uncommon in
collections, blossoms with equal readiness; not having myself heard of
the flowering of that kind, till that which is here represented threw up
its flowering stem in the summer of 1836, at Aiken Head, the seat of
Mrs. Gorpon, where, the garden is under the management of Mr,
Lampsig, In this instance, the whole height of the flower-stalk, was
only the half of that of Mr. Yares: and the blossoms were few indeed
in comparison; yet they came to great perfection, and the plant made
a very noble appearance.

But the great size and strange form of this plant, and the rarity of its
blossoming in our collections, are not the only circumstances which
recommend the American Aloe to attention. It yields a drink, and a
fibre of such extensive use in the New World, that it is reckoned, next
to the Maize and the Potato, the most valuable of all the products which
nature has lavished on the mountain-population of zequinoctial America:
and no where perhaps is it held in greater esteem than Mexico, according
to M. de Humpotprt, from whose “ Essai politique sur la Royaume de la
Nouvelle Espagne,” I extract the following interesting particulars, bear-
ing on this subject. : " ELL oe AE

“« Scarcely,’’ says this distinguished Philosopher, § does there exist a
tribe of savages in the world, who are not acquainted with the art of pre-
paring some kind of vegetable drink. The wretched hordes which wan-
der in the forests of Guiana, extract from the fruits of different Palms,
a beverage, which is as palatable as the European orgeat. The inhabit-
ants of Easter Island, confined to a mass of barren, springless rocks,
mingle the expressed juice of the Sugar Cane with the briny water of the
sea. Most civilized nations derive their drink from the same plants as
afford them food, and whose roots and seeds contain the saccharine prin-
ciple mingled with the farinaceous.. In Southern and Eastern Asia this
is Rice ; in Africa and Australia the roots of Ferns, and of some Arums ;
while in the North of Europe, the Cerealia afford both bread and fer-
mented liquors. Few are the instances of certain plants being cultivated
solely with a view to extract beverages from 'them. Vineyards only
exist west of the Indus; in the Old World, and in the golden age of
Greece, the culture of the Grape was confined to the countries lying
between the Oxus and the Euphrates, in Asia Minor, and in Western
Europe. In other parts of the world, nature certainly produces several
species of Wild Vine; but no where has man attempted to collect them
around them, and improve their quality by cultivation. ;

“The New Continent presents’ the instance of a people who derived
their drinks not only’ fromthe farinaceous and sugary substance of
Maize, Manioc, and Bananas, or \from the pulp of some. species of
Mimosa, but Pb, cultivated, a plant af the Pine Angle fomily = »
express purpose of converting its juice into a spirituous liquor. fn the
vast plate 4a the interior of Meise, there are large tracts of country
where the eye discerns nothing but fields planted with the Pittes or
Maguay (Acave Americana). This plant, with its leathery and
thorny leaves, and which, with the Cactus: Opuntia, has become

naturalized ever since the sixteenth century, throughout Southern
Europe, in the Canary Islands, and on the African coasts, imparts a
most peculiar character to the Mexican landscape. What can be more
strongly contrasted than a field of yellow Wheat, a plantation of the
glaucous AGAvE, and a grove of Bananas, whose lustrous leaves always
preserve their own tender and delicate hue of green! Thus does man,
in all latitudes, by introducing and multiplying the various vegetable
productions, modify at his pleasure the aspect of the country around him!

“In the Spanish colonies there are several sorts of Maguay deserving
of careful cultivation; some indeed, which, by the length of the sta-
mens, the mode of division of the corolla, and form of the stigma, may,
perhaps, belong to separate genera. The Maguay or Metl, which is
grown in Mexico, consists of several varieties of the American Aloe
(AcavE Americana), so common in gardens, which has yellow, fascicled,
and straight flowers, with stamens twice as long as the divisions of the
corolla. This must not be confounded with the A. Cubensis of Jac-
quin, (A. Mexicana, Lamarck, A. odorata, PErsoon,) which has
been erroneously supposed to be the Metl or Maguay of Mexico, but
which is extensively grown in the Caraccas, where it 1s called Maguay
de Cocuy.

“ These plantations extend wherever the Aztéque language is spoken;
they cease to the north of Salamanca, and are seen in the greatest
luxuriance in the valley of Toluca and the plains of Cholula. There the
Acave plants are set in rows, distant fifteen decimétres from one
another. The juice or sap, commonly called the honey, from its abun-
dant sweetness, is only afforded when the flowering-stem is about to
appear, so that it is of great importance to the cultivator to ascertain
precisely this period. Its approach is indicated by the direction of the
root-leaves, which the Indian always watches and examines with great
attention, and which, formerly recurved, suddenly take an upward
direction, and approximate as if to enclose the incipient flower-stalk.
The bunch of central leaves (corazon, the heart,) next assumes a livelier
green, and lengthens considerably ; indications which the natives assure
me hardly ever fail, and to which may be added several other less
striking appearances in the general aspect of the plant. Daily does the
cultivator examine his Acave plantations, to watch those individuals
which promise to bloom, and if he himself entertains any doubt, he
appeals to the village sages, the old Indians; whose long experience
gives them an unerring precision both of touch and eye.

_ “ At eight years old, or thereabouts, the Mexican Acave generally
shows signs of inflorescence, and then the collection of the juice for
making Pulque begins. The bunch of central leaves, or corazon, is cut
through, the incision gradually enlarged and covered by the side leaves,
which are raised up and tied together at their tips. In this cleft the
sap of those parts which were destined to form and nourish the gigantic
flowering-stem is deposited, and this vegetable spring flows for two or
three months, and may be tapped three times a day. The quantity of
Sap 1s enormous; and the more surprising, as the Acave plantations
are always made by choice on the most sterile soil, frequently on mere
shelves of rock, scantily covered with vegetable earth. Each plant is
calculated to yield about one hundred and fifty bottles; and at Pachuca,
the value of a Maguay, near flowering, is from twenty to twenty-five

ncs,

francs, or five piastres. Still, as with the Vine, which may bear a
greater or less quantity of grapes, the produce is apt to vary, and
cannot be precisely calculated. Instances have, however, been known,
of a parent bequeathing a plantation of Maguay worth from seventy to
eighty thousand piastres.

“The cultivation of the AGave is attended with many real advantages
above that of Maize, Wheat, or Potatoes, as this sturdy, harsh, and fleshy-
leaved plant is uninjured by the occasional drought, frost, and excessive
cold, which prevail in winter on the lofty Cordilleras of Mexico. It
dies after having flowered, or when the central bunch of leaves is cut
away, and then a number of suckers spring from the parent root, which
increase the plant with extraordinary rapidity. One acre of ground
will contain from twelve to thirteen hundred plants of Maguay, of which
it may be calculated that one in every thirteen or fourteen is always
affording the honey. Thus the proprietor who sets from thirty to forty
thousand Maguays is sure of leaving his family rich; though a man
must possess patience and resolution to devote himself to cultivatin
what only becomes productive after an interval of fifteen years. In gi
soil, the Acave blossoms at the end of five years ; while in poor ground
nothing can be expected under eighteen years ; and any artificial means
by which the flowering state is unnaturally accelerated, only destroy
the plant prematurely, or materially lessen the amount of sap.

_ “The honey, or juice, is of an agreeably bitter-sweet flavour, and fer-
ments readily from the sugar and mucilage with which it abounds, this
process being hastened by the addition of some old and acid pulque,
This vinous liquor resembles cider, but diffuses a disgusting smell of
decayed meat, which Europeans have some difficulty in overcoming.
Those, however, who have accustomed themselves to the beverage, con-
sider it as strengthening, stomachic, and particularly nutritive, recom-
mending it, peculiarly, to persons of a very meagre habit ; and I have seen
many whites, who, totally discontinuing water, beer, and wine, drink
only the Pulgue, like so many Mexicans. The cause of the fetid smell
of this liquor is variously attributed to the mode of preparation, the
manure used for the soil, and the different materials in which the fer-
mentation is carried on; and I only regret, that I was unable, for want
of proper apparatus, to ascertain this curious point in vegetable che-
mistry. By distillation, a most intoxicating spirit is obtained from
Pulque, which is called Mezxical, or Aguardiente (Fire-water) of Maguay.
The plant which is preferred for this purpose, appeared to me smaller,
and its foliage more glaucous than the common kind; but not having
seen it in blossom, I cannot pronounce it to be specifically distinct. _

“ But not only is the Acave the Mexican Vine, but it holds the place
of Asiatic Hemp and the Egyptian Paper-Reed, (Cyperus Papyrus).
The antient manuscripts of this country consisted of hieroglyphics, often
inscribed on a paper made of numerous layers of the Acave leaf, mace-

‘rated in water, and glued together in the same manner as the pith of
papyrus and the bark of the Paper Mulberry (Brovussonetia) of the
Pacific Isles. I brought away many antient specimens of this fabric,
some as thick as pasteboard, others as thin as fine India paper, which
are the more interesting, as all the Mexican records hitherto discoy ered
and still preserved at Rome and in Spain, are inscribed on the skins of

the Mexican Deer. No thread is so much prized by physicians in
Europe

Europe as that which is extracted from Acave leaves, which are some-
times ten feet long, fifteen inches wide and eight thick, because it is not
liable to twist ; though the fibre of the New Zealand Flax (Puormivm
tena) excels it in tenacity. Twine, thread, and rope are made of it;
the latter is employed in the mines, andyon the western coast, for rig-
ging the ships. The common juice of the plant, or that which it yields
when not about to.blossom, is highly caustic, and useful. forycleansing
wounds ; while the thorny points of the leaves, like those of the Cactus,
used to serve the Indians for nails.and needles. The Mexican priests
were accustomed to inflict wounds in that manner on their breasts and
arms by way of expiation, as.do the Buddhists.in, Hindostan.”

Rarely as the American Aloe blossoms in this part of Europe, a friend
of mine, who lately yisited the shores of the Mediterranean in the North
of Spain, tells me, that the brown withered flowering stems often stand
there as tall, strong, and thick as theymasts of small vessels in a harbour,
and are sometimes used for thatching. The height of this stalk varies from
twenty to forty feet, and. expands hiké arich candelabrum, its arms clas-
tered with. golden yellow flowers, An extract from the foliage, when
made into balls, will lather water like soap ; and, finally, the centre of
the flower-stalk cut longitudinally is. by no means a bad substitute for
the European razor-strop, owing to minute, particles of silex forming
one of its’ constittients, in the same way asthe Dutth Rushes, or stems of
the “Horsetail: (Equisetum) are employed to polish ivory afd brass,
My friend, Witt1am Curisty, Esq., when writing from Guernsey last
autumn (1837) says, “in this delightful climate,an AGave Americana
is just coming into flower, in the street of St. Pierre Port. It is twenty-,
five years old, and already thirty feet high; and has always stood in
the open air, summer and winter, without any protection’! —/18°")

~Desor. » Leaves radical,’ imbricated at’ the base, spreading ‘on all
sides, sword-shaped, rigid, flat»or slightly; grooved above, convex be-
neath, very acute, glaucous-green, sometimes, as in our wariety,, border-
ed with yellow, the margin toothed. with short; strong spines, mucronate
at the point: they are from four to six feet long. Scape from twelve
(in our specimen) to twenty and _eyen forty feet high, erect, bearing a
panicle of innumerable flowers in dense clusters. Perianth yellow-
green, the tube for the greater. part/of its-length, incorporated with the
germen, above which is a constriction : limb, deeply, cut into ,six linear-
oblong, erect, obtuse segments. Filaments, inserted, on the short, free,
portion of the tube, just below the segments, and. opposite to them;
subulate, much exserted, a little compressed, Anthers linear, versatile,
deep yellow. ‘Style filiform, sometimes’ about as'long as the stamens,
sometimes) much shorter than they are: Stigma capitate; three-lobed :
Germen obscurely triquetrous, three-celled;|the:cells many-ovuled. 9:1 |

Hawg B OvVEH x

*¥i89 DOB emiste od’ .5tu08 Jsdwom

9990 6 10 NSTS92 79 (ld BISDienod BUTS SF Dis 90
_ The principal 'figaré represonts the A eas mericdna’ froth the garden
at Aiken Head, reduced one twenty-fourth partyof the matj-sizé++Fig, L,

A Flower. 2. The same laid open. 3. Germen cut through transversely : of
the nai. size. ‘
MC soy ew bits .oust 3:4 sina od T
paises at domiw to oviev doss 0}

Th CAT, I] Fe * daft Poe a ~ ‘a o
Nuttall 9 a > by SG we Fe May 11838 Y )

a Z ay ¢ Zc 9.
Pub a 0% Fal ia é

J. Corks Gla
ZCRW.
é a :

rte

APL

7 ( 3655°) > |
“DipLAcus PUNICEUS. _SCARLET-FLOWERED _
. Dipxacus, ge
Class and Order. 19

Dipynamia ANGIOSPERMIA:
‘( Nat. Ord —Scropuurarines.() °°"
eR ee Chhit eter, 228 Ba0Ne vis ee

-Calprismaticus:apice5-fidus;' Corolla tingens, °b-fida,
lobis subeqaalibus pleramque emarginatis, © Stigma‘bila
mellatum; Capsula lineari-oblonga, bilocularis. Placenta
(s. receptaculum, seminis) lata, demum bipartita, adnata,
Semina. utrinque subulata.—Frutices, Californice, Mimulo
proxime. Folia-opposita-plerumque viscosa: . Nutt. MSS.

oom 3 Specific Character and. Synonym: 1) mounts

Dirxacus puniceus ;* fruticosus viscosus glaber,, foliis li-
~ “neari-lanceolatis subconnatis. vix. serrulatis , acutius-
culis; calycinis laciniis inequalibus acuminatis, corolla
punicea’ lobise “marginatis, caule elato ramosissimo.
Dutt)? M8S8.° © 2 8 | Bly (TPT CUES
Dirtacus puniceus. “Nutt. MSS.

« A overyvelegant shrub, flourishing: in’ its native soil
nearly the ‘whole. year.” Like the other’ species of this
Genus it has altogether the habit of a Mrmutos ; and one —
of them. has, ‘indeed, long been known under the name of
Mimutus pokes "Tbe present species.is.a far, taller-
growing.plant. than.that, and much more of a true shrub.
The leaves/are ofa. déeepogreen, -narrow-lanceolate»and
somewhat acute. The stems and calyx have a purplish
hue, and the corolla, considerably exserted, is of a deep
velvety scarlet,,.with. shades of pink lake, and its lobes are

constantly:emargimate!; |» bool avdiA +
to : ylosreveani devoid) ju> comme q : Me be eats a oun (4

* The name dc, two, and xrays, placenta, alludes to the splitting of the
capsule, to each valve of which is attached a large placenta, and under its
edges are found the slender subulate seeds —Nutt,

* It inhabits sandy loam by the borders of small winter
streams, attaining commonly the height of a man, growing
near St. Diego in Upper California, and flowering in April
and May. In cultivation, it continues to bloom apparently
all the year.”

We need offer no apology for departing from our accus-
tomed practice, and figuring a new and handsome plant
from the pencil of Mr. Nurratt, which cannot yet have
blossomed in the gardens of this country. It was disco-
vered by the gentleman just mentioned during his late
- arduous western travels, and transported in 1836 to the gar-
den of Mr. Buist, the extensive uurseryman of Philadelphia,
by whom the whole stock was sent, in the autumn of last
year, to Messrs. Lowe,* of Clapton, who are consequently
the only possessors of it. It cannot fail to prove a great
ornament to our gardens.

In the MSS. which accompanied this drawing, and which
will be published in an early number of Mr. 'Taytor’s
“ Annals of Nat. History,’ the following species (besides
the D. glutinosus) are given :-—

Dietacus latifolius (Nurr.); suffruticosus viscosus, foliis
oblongis sublanceolatis obtusiusculis serrulatis subtus
puberulis, pedunculis brevibus, calycibus glabris, la-

anus inzqualibus acutis, corolla lobis vix emarginatis
latis.

Has. About Monterrey, Upper California. F7. April.

Dirtacus leptanthus (Nurr.); fruticosus viscosus, foliis
oblongo-lanceolatis acutiusculis subserrulatis glaberri-
mis, pedunculis brevissimis, calycibus glabris tubulosis
elongatis, laciniis inequalibus acutis brevibus, corolle
lobis latis oblique emarginatis. 7

Has. California, Arcu. Menzies, Esq. Described from specimens
in the Herbarium of the Academy of Nat. Sciences of Philadel-
phia, which had been communicated by Sir Wa. Jackson Hooker
to the late Dr. Scuwernirz.

Dirtacus longiflorus (Nurr.) ; suffruticosus viscosus pt-
bescens, foliis lineari-lanceolatis utrinque attenuatis
vix serrulatis margine revolutis supra glabris, pedun-
culis brevissimis, calycibus villosis, laciniis vix inaqua-
libus acutis, corollz lobis latissimis oblique emarginatis.

Has. Rocky places by small streams, in the vicinity of Santa Barbara,
Upper California.

* We regret to learn, however, from these gentlemen, that many of their
plants have perished, owing to the extreme severity of the late winter. Pre-

nae to that season the plant showed itself to be of free growth and graceful
abit. . ‘

i" Withers dealt” Pub by S Gertis Glaxenwood EvsexMay 11838. Dinan <i,

( 3656 )
CATTLEYA PUMILA. DwarF CATTLEYA.
KK KKK KKK KKK KK REE K EEE

Class and Order.

GyNANDRIA MonanprIiA.
( Nat. Ord.—OrcuivEz. )

Generic Character.

Sepala membranacea v. carnosa, patentia, equalia. Pe-
tala sepits majora. Labellum cucullatum, columnam in-
volvens, trilobum v. indivisum. Columna clavata, elongata,
semiteres, marginata, cum labello articulata. Anthera
carnosa 4-locularis, septorum marginibus membranaceis.
Pollinia 4 ; caudiculis totidem replicatis.—Herbe epiphyte,
(Americane ) pseudo-bulbose. Folia solitaria v. bina, cori-
acea. Flores terminales, speciosissime, se@pé e spatha magna

erumpentes.
Specific Name and Character.

Carrieya pumila ; pseudo-bulbis oblongis minutis teretibus
~ suleatis unifoliatis unifloris, folio oblongo-lanceolato,
sepalis oblongis acutis superiori recurvo petalis ovali-
oblongis obtusis undulatis angustioribus, labelli lobo
intermedio brevi obtuso undulato-laciniato.

The small size of this plant, the minute, rounded pseudo-
bulbs and the narrow leaves, together with the obtuse, short,
and almost fimbriated lip, will, I think, clearly distinguish
this very beautiful species of Carrzera from those hitherto
described. It was received from the Essequibo by Joun
Attcarp, Esq., in whose collection it flowered last year,
and who kindly sent the well executed drawing here en-
graved, from the pencil of Mrs. Wirners.

Descr. There is evidently a horizontal stem, or rhizoma,

throwing out stout radicles below, and minute ode
above,

VOL. XII. G

above, which latter are at first clothed with sheathing
scales, and afterwards seem to enlarge, till on the fallmg
away of the leaves they are two inches long and naked,
always rounded and striated. Leaf‘ solitary, terminal, co-
riaceous, four to five inches long, scarcely an inch broad,
linear-oblong, nerveless. - Flowers solitary, arising from a
membranaceous sheath at the base of the leaf, drooping, of
a beautiful blush-purple colour. Sepals spreading, oblong,
the upper one reflexed. Petals larger and broader, waved
at the margins. Lip large, three-lobed, the two lateral
lobes involute, enclosing the column with the tube thus
formed, the middle lobe short, reflexed, waved and crisped,
almost laciniated.

Fig. 1. Column, 2. Anther-case. 3. Pollen-masses: magnified.

Swan So.

5657.

Fuh by S Curtis Gleescaed Essex. May 11838

WFitchDelt

( 3657 )

FUNCKIA ALBO-MARGINATA. VARIEGATED
FuncgKIA.

KKK KKK KEKE EEE EKER EEE
Class and Order.

Hexanpria Monoeynia.

( Nat. Ord.—HeEmeEroca.ipEs. )

Generic Character.

Corolla 6-partita, tubulosa, campanulata, limbo subrin-
gente, connivente, vel parum patente. Stamina fasciculata,
basi limbi inserta, declinata. Stylus filiformis situ stami-
num. Stigma subtrigonum leve. Capsula oblonga, sub-
prismatica, 6-sulca, bilocularis, bivalvis. Semzna numerosa,
depressa, membranaceo-alata: embryonibus pluribus. Spr.

Specific Name and Character.

Funcx1a* albo-marginata ; humilis, foliis ovato-lanceolatis
albo-marginatis longe petiolatis scapo racemoso brevi-
oribus, floribus declinatis infundibuliformibus remotis,
bracteis omnibus zqualibus ovatis pedicello subduplo
longioribus.

This interesting species of Funcxia was received from
Belgium at the Glasgow Botanic Garden from Mr. M‘Coy,
at the same time with the F. Sieboldiana to be figured in
our next Number, t. 3663, and was in all probability intro-
duced into Europe by the same Botanist, Dr. Sresoxp, from
Japan. But it came without any name, save that of
« Funcxia sp. foliis marginatis,” and I have no means of

ascertaining

* So named, I presume, in compliment to HENRY CHRISTOPHER Funck,
an Apothecary of Gefreez, near Baireuth, and author of a beautiful ‘‘ Tasch-
enherbarium,” or Pocket Herbarium of German Mosses, which was the
model for that equally beautiful one of British Mosses, by Mr. GARDNER.

ascertaining whether it has been described by any author.
It is quite different from the F. Sieboldiana, and still more
so from the other known species, F. Japonica and F. ce-
rulea. It has been treated with us as a greenhouse plant,
flowering in July.

Descr. Root? Leaves all of them radical, petiolate,
ovato-lanceolate, very acute, about seven-nerved, green,
elegantly margined with white. Petiole longer than the
leaf, grooved on the upper side. Scape racemose, longer
than the leaves. Raceme of twelve to fourteen large, hand-
some, declinate flowers, lilac-purple streaked with white,
and deeper purple lines. Pedicels short. Bracteas ovate,
leafy, twice as long as the pedicels. Perianth funnel-
shaped, the tube slender below, widening considerably at
the mouth, and there forming a broad, slightly oblique
limb, cut into six, oblong, acute lobes. Stamens declinate,
curved upwards at the extremity, as long as the perianth.
Anthers yellow.

Pub by 3 Curtis Glaremwood EssexMay 1128.

( 3658 )

EipACRIS MICROPHYLLA. SMALL-LEAVED
Epacris. nip"

Sie Sar eae se ee os os
Class and Order.

Pentranpria Monoeynia.
( Nat. Ord.—Epacripez. )

Generic Character.

Calyx odoratus, multibracteatus, bracteis textura calycis.
Corolla tubulosa, limbo imberbi. Stamina epipetala: An-
theris supra medium peltatis. Sguamule 5 hypogyne.
Capsula placentis columne centrali adnatis—Fruticuli
ramosi, sepius glabri. Folia sparsa petiolata v. basi sim-
plicit. Flores axillares, in spicam foliatam sepius digesti,
albi v. purpurascentes. Br.

Specific Character and Synonym.

Epacris microphylla; calycis foliolis obtusiusculis, tubum
corolla zquantibus ; foliis cordatis, acutis, peduncu-
lum superantibus, lateribus erectis ; spica apiciflora ;

ramulis pilosis. Br.
Epacris microphylla. Br. Prodr. Flor. Nov. Holland,

We received this plant at the Botanic Garden, Edin-
burgh, in 1835, from Mr. Westtann’s Nursery, near
Dorking, Surrey, where a large stock of scarce plants, and
of Epacripea in particular, are cultivated with a very
remarkable degree of success. It flowered in the green-
house during the month of March.

Mr. Brown places this species next to E. pulchella, of
which, were it not for his authority, I should certainly have
considered it only a variety. I do not find the difference

in the form of the calyx-segments, nor of the leaves, which
Mr, |

Mr. Brown observes, and would rest the chief distinction
on the more slender, less tortuous, branches of E. micro-
phylla, the hairiness of the young shoots, the shortness of
the peduncles in relation to the leaves, and in the pseudo-
spikes being collected nearer the extremities of the
branches.

Descr. Shrub erect; branches ascending, slender, tor-
tuous, hairy. Leaves cordate, spreading, shining, rigid,
sides folded forwards, base embracing the stem, middle
bent back, apex ascending, acute. Flowers white, solitary
in the axils of the leaves, collected into subterminal pseudo-
spikes, on peduncles shorter than the leaves. Calyx-leaflets
oblong, blunt, white. Corolla white; tube campanulate,
equal to the calyx, nectariferous; limb five-parted, seg-
ments ovate, blunt, spreading. Stamens alternating with
the segments of the corolla. Filaments adhering to the
tube, the free portion erect, shorter than the limb. Anthers
bilocular, bursting along the face. Germen spheroid, with
a short style rising from the depressed apex, and supporting
a stigma of five erect, blunt lobes. Graham.

Fig. 1. Portion of Stamens and Leaves. 2. Single Leaf. 3. 4. Flow-
ers: magnified.

BODY.
Swan Sc

eH

eed SLs ae ey Se Oy

| Sle

ris. Glaxrenwood Essex May 1i83es.

a

b by Se

2
u

i

( 3659 )

GESNERA FASCIALIS. (APING-FLOWERED
GESNERA.

KKK KEKE KEE EEK ERE ER EREE
Class and Order.

DipYNAMIA ANGIOSPERMIA.
( Nat. Ord.—GersnERACEZ. )

Generic Character.

Calyx 5-partitus, (plerumque germini adnatus). Cor. tu-
bulosa campanulata limbo bilabiato ; labio superiore bi-
inferiore trifido. Stigma bilobum. Capsula bilocularis,

2-valvis, placentis parietalibus.

Specific Character and Synonym.

Gesnera fascialis; herbacea, foliis subsessilibus cordatis
oblongis acutis crenatis rugosis tomentosis, racemo
terminali, bracteis ovatis acutis reflexis, corollis tomen-
tosis, labio superiore oblongo bilobo basi angustato
inferiore minimo revoluto fauce latissima truncata.

Gesnera fascialis. Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1785.

*

Professor Linpiey, who figured and described this species
from a plant that flowered in the collection of the Hon. and
Rev. Witu1am Hersert of Spofforth, rightly judged that it
was a native of Brazil: Mr. Garpner having since sent
roots of it from the neighbourhood of Rio Janeiro to his
subscribers : and from one of these, the plant here figured
was raised at the Glasgow Botanic Garden in 1837. It

- produced its truly splendid blossoms in July of the same
year ; and the species may certainly be reckoned among the
most beautiful of this handsome Genus.

Descr. Root tuberous. Plant every where downy. Stem
erect, a foot to a foot and a half high, erect. Leaves it

er

site, sessile, cordate, much wrinkled and reticulate, rat
obtuse,

obtuse, coarsely serrated: Raceme terminal, the pedicels
opposite, or in whorls. Calyx short, cut into five deep,
subulate segments, leaving scarcely any tube. Corollas
large, handsome, of a rich velvety scarlet, tubular, two-
lipped, the mouth oblique, exceedingly large; upper lip
oval, convex, retuse, porrected ; lower lip reduced toa small,
reflexed lobe, white within, clouded with dark purple.
Filaments nearly as long as the whole corolla. Anthers
yellow. Style equal in length with the stamens.

Fig. 1. Calyx and Pistil: magnified.

Pub. by S. Curtis Glaxenwood KssexMay 1.1888 ,

( 3660 )

GOvVENIA GARDNERI. Mr. GARDNER’S
Braziuian Goventa.

RARER ERK KEKE KKK KKK KEK
Class and Order.

GyNANDRIA MonanpRIA.
( Nat. Ord.—Orcuipea. )

Generic Character.

Perianthium bilabiatum. Sepala \ateralia falcata labello
supposita, basi paululum connata, supremo pauld majori.
_Petala sub sepalo supremo conniventia, breviora, obliqua.
Labellum integerrimum, ecalcaratum, concavum, cum basi
parum producté columne articulatum, sessile. Colwmna
basi pauld producta, teres, subfusiformis, apice utrinque
marginata. Anthera calyptriformis, 1-locularis. Pollinia
4, solida, incumbentia, caudicula brevi, glandulaé minore
triangulari— Terrestris. Folia plicata. Spice radicales, —
multiflore. Flores speciosi.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Govenia Gardneri; foliis elliptico-lanceolatis membrana-
ceis plicatis solitariis v. binis petiolatis, petiolis sca-

aginatis, petalis sepaloque superior concavis

iventibus galeam formantibus, petalis lateralibus
porrectis, labello late oblongo recurvato apiculato
medio bituberculato, apice glandulifero.

Orcuipea. Gardn. Pl. Exsic. Bras. n. 670.

The Genus GoventA, so named in compliment to Mr.
James Rozsert Gowen, of the High Clere Gardens, was
established on a Mexican plant, and two other species have
been published also by Professor Linpuey, (Bot. Reg. see
sub fol. 1795, Goventa capitata, and N. S. t. 13, Govenia
hihacea,) equally inhabitants of Mexico. It has ae

| | .

Mr. Garpner’s good fortune to discover a fourth species,
the one here figured, habiting the Organ Mountains, and
which has been by him sent to the Contributors towards the
cost of his expedition, both in a living and dried state. It
seems to grow very freely; for the roots only arrived in
July, and in the latter end of December the flowers and
bright green foliage, sheathed at the base with purple mem-
branes, were in perfection in the stove of the Glasgow
Botanic Garden. It certainly is a very interesting plant,
though perhaps less showy than the Mexican ones figured
by Professor Linptey.

Descr. Terrestrial. The leaves, solitary or two to-
gether, springing from the top of the root on long, broad
petioles, are of an elliptical-lanceolate figure, acute, mem-
branous, striated and plaited, slightly waved ; the petioles,
for their whole length, clothed with large, cylindraceous,
purple membranes as thick as one’s finger. From the same
sheath the peduncle or scape arises, nearly a foot in height,
(about as tall as the leaves), purple, sheathed with purple
bracteas, and terminating in a raceme of large, nearly white,
almost globose, or rather hemispherical flowers, convex
above, plane below. Sepals and petals oblong or broadly
lanceolate, the latter and upper sepal counivent, concave,
and forming a helmet over the column and lip, while the

_ two lower sepals almost united at the base under the lip are

patent and slightly falcate; lip articulated by a very short
claw, closely applied to the column, broadly oblong, the
upper half bent back, with a recurved mucro at the point:
on the disk are two oblong tubercles, and on the margin
towards the point, three distinct glands, Column semi-
terete, the base extended, slightly glandular, winged, the
wings standing forward, very broad upwards. Anther-case
hemispherical, with a large mucro. Pollen-masses four, in
two pairs, connected by a gland. Germen clavate, with
a membranous bractea at the base of each.

Fig. 1. Flower. 2. Column and Lip. 3: Column. 4. Lip. 5: Pollen-
masses: magnified.

: Witch delt Lub, by Sit wrtis laxenwood Fissex June I L888.

( 3661 )
PENTSTEMON GENTIANOIDES. GENTIANSLIKE
PENTSTEMON.

KKK KEK KK KK KEKE KEK KKK ERE
Class and Order.

Dipynamia ANGIOSPERMIA.
( Nat. Ord.—Scrornutarines. )

Generic Character.

Cal. pentaphyllus aut quinquepartitus, bractea solitaria
distante. Corolla ventricosa bilabiata. Stamina didynama,
rudimento quinti filiformi sepius barbate. Anthere se-
juncte, sepius glabra. Capsula ovata, bilocularis, bival-
Vis, polysperma. Semina angulata—Herbe v. suffrutices,
Americane vel Orientali-Asiatice. Folia levia acuminata,
sepius serrata. Flores paniculato-racemosi, purpuret, rosei,
albidive. Lindl. 7

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Pentstemon gentianoides ; caule elato, foliis lanceolatis
integerrimis glaberrimis, superioribus brevioribus la-
tioribus acutissimis, panicula elongata laxa foliosa,
pedunculis elongatis subumbelliferis, laciniis calycinis
late ovatis, corolle lobis acutis, stamine sterili apice
paululum hirsuto.

Pentstemon gentianoides. Lindl. in Bot. Reg. N. S. t. 3.

CuEtone gentianoides. Humb. et Kunth, Nov. Gen. et Sp.

Pl. vo. 2. p. 292. t.. ¥%2.

A native of Mexico, but of cold situations on the sloping
sides of the mountain of Toluco, (whose summit is cov
with perpetual snow,) at an elevation of 11,500 feet
above the level of the sea, where it was discovered by
the distinguished travellers Humponpr and Bonpianp. As
may be expected, it proves hardy with us, and even in the

climate of Scotland the summer is sufficient to ie om
plan

plant to a high degree of perfection. In the Glasgow Gar-
den it attained a height of four feet in the open border,
and its handsome flowers continued in beauty during a
great part of the summer and autumn. Professor LinpLEy
observes that the cuttings strike freely, by which the plant
may be increased as well as by seeds.

Descr. Root perennial. Stem three to four feet high,
erect, branched upwards, glabrous, dark purple. Leaves
opposite, lanceolate, spreading horizontally, sessile, quite
glabrous and entire, the upper ones are broader, that is,
ovate and sharply acuminated, becoming gradually smaller,
so that the uppermost. may be considered bracteas. The
upper part of the plant may be regarded as a large pani-
cle, the peduncles being opposite, much elongated, and
bearing umbels of three to five or six large handsome
flowers. Calyx deeply cut into five broadly ovate, acute
segments, green, tipped with purple. Corollas drooping,
rich, dark, reddish-purple : the tube slightly curved, narrow
at the base, gradually enlarging upwards, so as to be sub-
campanulate ; the limb two-lipped, within white, streaked
with dark purple veins, the upper lip two-, the lower three-
lobed ; all the lobes ovate, acute. Stamens and style as
long as the tube. Anthers two-lobed, dark purple: barren
Jilaments enlarged upwards, with a fringe of a few hairs
at the extremity. Germen ovate, green : Style purplish :
Stigma obtuse.

Fig. 1. Calyx and part of the Corolla, with the four Stamens, abortive
Filament and Pistil: magnified.

J662.

tiibiv SCuris Clarenwood. E.ssearx June £ L838

( 3662 )

CENTAUREA DEPRESSA. PROSTRATE CEN-
TAURY.

KEKE KKK KKK KKK KER KEERE '
Class and Order.

SyNGENESIA F'RUSTRANEA.
( Nat. Ord.—Composira. )

Generic Character.

Anthodium ventricosum, ovatum, imbricatum, squamis
inermibus vel spinosis. Flosculz radiales neutri tubulosi.
Receptaculum setosum. Pappus setaceus annulo caducus.
Hilum \aterale ad basin.

Specific Character and Synonymns.

Centaurea (Sect. Cyanus, DC.) depressa; caule e basi
ramoso declinato aut simplici erecto foliisque albo-
tomentosis, caulinis oblongis basi obtusis sessilibus
integerrimis, infimis subdentatis, fructus umbilico bar-
bigero, pappo fructus longitudine equali. D C.

Centaurea depressa. M. Bieb. Fl. Tauc. Cauc. v. 2. p.
346. De Cand. Prodr. v. 6. p. 578. Spreng. Syst.

Veget. v. 3. p. 339.
Centaurea pygmea. Hoffm. Hort. Mosc. 1808. n. 783.

Allied to the well-known “ Corn Blue-botile’’ of our fields,
but a plant of much humbler growth, and far_brighter-
coloured flowers: indeed, we doubt if any species of this
extensive Genus presents more lively blossoms than the one
now before us, an inhabitant of dry hilly places of Iberia,
and of the Province of Aberdeischan in Persia. It succeeds,
however, in the open border with us, flowering in August in
the Glasgow Botanic Garden, where it was raised from
seeds sent by Dr. Fiscuer.

Descr. Root clougated, slender, annual. Stems, in the
native specimeu, not more than a span long, in our culti-

vated | - :

ro OU. XU. H

vated ones, eight or ten inches, decumbent and branched at
the base, there erect, green, but clothed with a whitish
down as is the whole plant, giving the latter a silvery, or
hoary appearance. Leaves alternate, sessile, linear-lanceo-
late, acute, in our specimens entire, not decurrent, single-
nerved. Flowers large, handsome, solitary on the copious
branches, terminal. Involucre ovato-globose, with very
closely imbricated scales, beautifully fringed with white
hairs. Florets of the centre tubular, deep red-purple, broad
above, with five long, unequal teeth, below much narrower
and white. Anthers long, protruded, black. Germen ob-
long, crowned with a hairy pappus of about the same length.
Florets of the ray considerably longer than those of the
centre, neuter ; the ¢wbe very slender, reddish, white below ;
the limb very large, campanulate, deep blue, two-lipped,
the lower lip smaller, bifid, the upper large quadrifid, the
segments ovate, somewhat acute.

Fig. 1. Floret of the Ray. 2. Ditto of the Disk: magnified.

Witch del rics Glaxerwwo, ESSEC
BYP rts. vd
Cae A
_ POA £, S$ EX,

(. 3663)

Funcx1A SiEBOLDIANA. Dr. SIEBOLD’S
FuNcKIA.

Class and Order.

Hexanpria Monoeynia.
( Nat. Ord.—HeEmerocaLLipEdz. )

Generic Character.

Corolla 6-partita, tubulosa, campanulata, limbo subrin-
gente, connivente, vel parum patente. Stamina fasciculata,
basi limbi inserta, declinata. Stylus filiformis situ stami-
num. Stigma subtrigonum leve. Capsula oblonga, sub-
prismatica, 6-sulca, bilocularis, bivalvis. Semina numerosa,
depressa, membranaceo-alata: embryonibus pluribus. Spr.

Specific Character and Synonym.

Funcx1a Sieboldiana ; humilis, foliis ovatis acuminatis in-
ferne in petiolum vaginatum decurrentibus scapo race-
moso subdimidio brevioribus, floribus nutantibus in-
fundibuliformibus remotis, bracteis lanceolatis infimis
flore longioribus superne sensim minoribus. es

Funcxia Sieboldiana. Lodd. Bot. Reg. t. 1869.

Hemeroca.us Japonica (Bot. Mag. t. 1433.) and H. ca@-
rulea (Bot. Mag. t. 894.) constitute a distinct group in that
Genus which Sprencet has separated, and to which he has
given the name of Funcxia. The present is a species be- _
longing to that Genus, for a knowledge of which we are

indebted to Dr. Srzzoxp, the celebrated Japanese Traveller, — i :
who found it in Japan, and introduced it to the gardens

in Belgium, whence it was received by Mr. Murray at the

Glasgow Botanic Garden from Mr. M‘Coy. It flowersin

the greenhouse in July.

Descr. Leaves all radical, ovate, acuminate, striated, _

below tapering into a sheathing petiole. Scape scarcely a
foot

foot high, rounded, bearing a raceme of large nodding
flowers, of a white colour, slightly tinged with purple and
green, remote when fully expanded. Pedicels short, curved.
Bracteas \anceolate, the lower ones longer than the flower,
the upper ones gradually smaller, and broader in propor-
tion to their length. Perianth funnel-shaped, its tube
straight and about as long as the campanulate limb, seg-
ments ovate, striated. Stamens inserted at the very base of
the perianth beneath the germen, and equal with it in
length, curved upwards at the apex; Anthers inserted by
the middle of the back, two-celled ; pollen yellow. Ger-
men oval, with three furrows, small; Style rather longer
than the stamens, and like them curved upwards at the

Aa filiform ; Sigma capitate, hairy, obscurely three-
obed.

206 4.

Swan

p WA ny
Lub. by S. Gurtia OrLgnerrwou

W. Pitch. dei*

( 3664 )

GESNERA TUBEROSA. 'TUBEROUS-ROOTED
GESNERA.

EREREEKEEEE EEE EKER EEEE

Class and Order.

Dipynamr1a GYMNOSPERMIA.
( Nat. Ord.—Gesneracez. )

Generic Character.

Calyx 5-partitus, (plerumque germini adnatus.) Corolla
tubuloso-campanulata, limbo bilabiato ; labio superiore bi-
inferiore trifido. Stigma bilobum. Capsula bilocularis,
2-valvis, placentis parietalibus.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

GesneRA tuberosa; radice tuberosa subrotunda, caulibus
perbrevibus tuberiformibus, foliis subradicalibus late
ovatis serratis molliter pubescentibus, pedunculis nu-
merosis erectis 1—3-floris, corollz tubo paululum cur-
vato limbo 4-fido subzquali, glandulis hypogynis pos-
ticis binis.

GesnerA tuberosa. Mart. Nov. Gen. et Sp. Bras. v. 3. p.

29. t. 212.
Gesnera rupestris. Graham in Ed. Phil. Journ, Dec. 1837.

For the introduction of this very remarkable species of
Gesnera to the British stoves we are indebted to Dr.
Granam, who received it from the Berlin Garden in 1834,
but under the name of “ G. rupestris, Marr. :’’—by mistake,
as I should presume: for it is assuredly the G. tuberosa of
Martius above quoted. It flowers readily in the stove
during the autumnal months.

_ Descr. Tuber flattened. Stem scarcely any, support-
ing two opposite, round, pubescent petioles, twice as long

as itself. Leaves (eight inches long, six and a half broad)
ovate,

ovate, peltate, minutely glanduloso-pubescent, strongly
nerved, bullate, unequally crenato-dentate, concave and
dark above, paler below ; corymbs subradical, pedicels
(two to two and a half inches long) erect, very slender,
glanduloso-hairy, opposite, decussating, rising from the axil
of a linear bractea. Flowers deflected outwards. Calyx
glanduloso-pubescent, five-cleft; tube fleshy, adherent, teeth
subulate, connivent after the corolla falls. Corolla (an inch
and a quarter long) tubular, curved ; limb, of five subequal,
rounded, short segments, of which the two upper are rather
the smallest, and least deeply divided. Stamens four, per-
fect, slightly exserted; filaments glabrous ; anthers dark,
rounded, two-lobular, bursting along the face of the cells,
connectivum rounded ; pollen yellow, granules minute ;
one, sometimes two rudimental stamens on the upper side
of the tube at its base. Disk white, projecting on the up-
per side, emarginate. Germen half immersed in the calyx-
tube, above conical, slightly pubescent, brown. Ovules
numerous. Style nearly as long as the stamens, slightly

yea colourless. Stigma bilobular, lobes short. Gra-
m. '

Fig. 1. Pistil: magnified.

2663

( 3665 )

Ipom#A BonarRIeENsis. BuEenos-AYrREs
IpoMAA.

Class and Order.

PenTanDRIA Monoeynta.
( Nat. Ord.—Convorvu.acez. )

Generic Character.

Calyx 5-partitus, nudus. Corolla campanulata v. infun-
dibuliformis, 5-plicata. Ovarium 2—3-loculare, loculis
dispermis. Stylus indivisus. Stigma capitatum, 2—3-
lobum. Capsula 2—3-locularis.—Herbe volubiles, quan-
doque erecte. Folia indivisa v. lobata, nunc pinnatifida.
Semina in quibusdam comosa. Br.

Specific Name and Character.

Ipomza Bonariensis ; volubilis pubescenti-subtomentosa,
foliis petiolatis cordatis (sinu profundo) 3-lobis, lobis
valde inequalibus lato-oblongis obtusis, inferioribus
basi rotundatis, pedunculis axillaribus solitariis folio
sublongioribus apice corymbosis 5—7-floris, sepalis
ovalibus concavis membranaceis obtusis glabris, co-
rolla infundibuliformi-subcampanulate limbo patenti
lobis rotundatis undulatis.

Common on ditch-banks about Buenos-Ayres, according
to Mr. Tweepie, who sent seeds of it to this country in
1826, and who observes that the plant has a large tuberous
root. It thrives readily in the stove, bearing its hand-
some flowers in August, which are not much inferior in
beauty to those of Ipomaa insignis. .

Descr. Stem long, twining, branched, por: clothed
in the younger parts, as are the leaves, petioles, and pedun-

cles, with short, but rather dense, stellated pubescence, or
tomentum, —

tomentum. Leaves cordate, petiolate, with a very deep si-
nus at the base, three to five-lobed in a palmated manner;
the lobes very unequal, generally broadly-oblong, the
lowest much rounded and dilated, as it were, at the base,
occasioning the deep sinus between them, where the petiole
is inserted. Petzole much shorter than the leaves, purple.
Peduncle axillary, solitary, about as long as the leaf, flex-
uose, bearing a corymb of from five to seven flowers, purple,
greener above, pedicels short, green, with a small bractea at
their base. Flower-buds oval, obtuse. Calyx of five leaves
or sepals, oval, erect, imbricated, concave, obtuse, glabrous,
membranaceous. Corolla large, handsome, lilac-coloured,
between funnel-shaped and campanulate : the limb spread-
ing, of five large, rounded, waved lobes.

IOO6:

Lub. by 5. Curtis, Clarenwoed EssexJunel 1938.

( 3666 )
EPIDENDRUM VIRIDI-PURPUREUM. PuURPLISH-
GREEN EpIDENDRUM.

SERRE KK KR KKK EKER
Class and Order.

GynanpDRiA Monanpria.

( Nat. Ord.—Orcuipez. )

Generic Character.

Sepala patentia, subequalia. Petala sepalis equalia v.
angustiora, rariis latiora, patentia v. reflexa. Labellum
cum marginibus columne omnino v. parte connatum, limbo
integro v. diviso, disco spits calloso, costato, v. tubercu-
lato; nunc in calcar productum ovario accretum et auric-
ulum formans. Columna elongata: clinandrio marginato,
sepé fimbriato. Anthera carnosa, 2—4 locularis. Pollinia
4, caudiculis totidem replicatis annexa.—Herbe (Ameri-
cana (epiphyte, caule nunc apice v. basi pseudo-bulboso,
nunc elongato apice folioso. Folia carnosa, rarissimé venis
elevatis striata. Flores spicati, racemosi, corymbosi v. pani-
culati, terminales v. laterales.

Specific Name and Character.

Epipenprum viridi-purpureum; caule elongato simplici
tereti basi incrassato vaginato, superne folioso, foliis
distichis ee subdistichis, racemo denso
subcapitato terminali, sepalis petalisque oblongo-obo-
vatis, labello convexo latissime cordato trilobo, basi
bituberculato, lobis lateralibus rotundatis, intermedio
bifido laciniis divaricatis.

Although a native of Jamaica, one of the best explored
of our possessions in the West Indies, I do not find that
this is noticed by any botanical writer. Seventy-one spe-
cies of this extensive Genus were defined by Dr. Linpey
in his valuable “ Genera and Species of Orchideous Plants,”’

in

in 1831, and since that period many have been elsewhere
described by him and other writers. The present was first
known to us in the flowering state by Mr. Horsrati of
Liverpool, who imported it from Jamaica, and it has since
blossomed in the stove of the Glasgow Botanic Garden,
having been sent there by Dr. M. Fapyen.

Descr. Like the rest of the Genus, it is an Eprenyte,
and produces a stem about a foot and a half high, simply
rounded, thickened at the base, and there clothed with
membranaceous, pale-brown sheaths. Leaves from the
upper part of the stem, subdistichous, oblongo-ligulate,
carinated, coriaceous, bright green, nerveless. From the
summit of the stems proceeds a flower-stalk four to five
inches long, compressed, bearing two or three large, with-
ered, brown, lanceolate, carinated, striated bracteas, and a
drooping, dense raceme, or almost capitulum of flowers.
Sepals and petals spreading, obovato-oblong, almost. spa-
thulate, rather acute, pale green, tinged with brown ; the
latter smaller. Column clubshaped, green slightly tinged
with purple, bearing, at the apex below, the broadly cordate,
very convex, fleshy, three-lobed lip, green, its broad disk
purple, having two tubercles at the base: the lateral lobes
are rounded, the intermediate or terminal one deeply cut
into two spreading lobes.

Fig. 1. Flower from which the Sepals are removed: magnified.

®,

jw ™
, rx z ? 7030
riaxenwrod.Awées June 4 LEB

( 3667 )

RHODODENDRON NUDIFLORUM ; var. scintillans (hy-
bridum). Spark~inc RHopDODENDRON.

Class and Order.

DecanpriA Monoeynta.
( Nat. Ord.—Enricez. )

Generic Character.

Calyx 5-partitus. Corolla infundibuliformis 5-loba. Sta-
mina 5—10, declinata: antheris apice biporosis. Capsula
5-locularis, 5-valvis, ab apice dehiscens, valvarum margin-
ibus inflexis, dissepimenta formantibus. Receptaculum
centrale, 5-angulare. Semina membrana involuta. :

Specific Name and Synonyms.

Ruopopenpron (Azalea) nudiflorum. Linn.— Curt. Bot.
Mag. t. 180.

Var. hybrida, scintillans.

Azatea nudiflora; var. scintillans. Lindl. Bot. Reg. t.
1461.

The hybrid varieties of the Azatza group of Ruopopen-
DRON are almost endless, but few are more beautiful than
the present, when growing vigorously, as was the case
with the individual from which our figure was taken in the
American border of the Glasgow Botanic Garden.

The origin of this variety, first reared by Mr. Gowen, the
gardener at High Clere, is thus given in his own words, in
the Botanical Register. ‘ This Azatea was raised at High
Clere in the same year with those already figured in previ-
ous parts of this work, and is a seedling from AzALEa coc-
cinea, (nudiflora, var. coccinea, ) major, impregnated by the
pollen of Azarea Pontica.

No where perhaps are the varieties of Azatea, Ruopo-
DENDRON, and other choice American shrubs cultivated upon
a larger scale, or more successfully, than in the Nursery of
our friend Mr. Curtis at Glazenwood, where the present
hybrid makes a very splendid appearance.

ee
“| eze
wie

JO6S

Wz
= We Cad

Crartis Paenwood Lisex Sithy £ L838

( 3668 )

PYRUS ARBUTIFOLIA. ARBUTUS-LEAVED
ARONIA.

KEKE KERR EEE REE EEE EEE
Class and Order.

Icosanpria Di-Pentaeyntia.

Generic Character.

Calyx tubus urceolatus, limbus 5-lobus. Petala subro-
tunda. Styli sepids 5, rariis 2—3. Pomum clausum 5-
locularis putaminibus cartilagineis. Semzna in loculo quo-
que 2, testa cartilagined.—Arbores fruticesve. Folia sim-
plicia vel pinnata. Cymez patentes terminales multiflore.
Bractee subulate decidue.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Pyrus arbutifolia ; foliis obovato-oblongis lanceolatisve
crenato-serratis subtus pallidis reticulatim venosis costa
supra glandulosa, floribus corymbosis. Hook. Fl. Bor.
Am. v. 1. p. 204. .

Var.a. rubra ; foliis subtis (precipue junioribus) calycibus-
que tomentosis, fructu rubro.

Pyrrus arbutifolia. Linn. fil. Suppl. p. 256. Pursh, Fi.
Am. v. 1. p. 339. Bigel. Fl. Bost. ed. 2. p. 195.
De Cand. Prodr. v. 2. p. 637.

Cratzeus pyrifolia, Lam. Dict.

Mespitus arbutifolia. Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 685.—var. ery-
throcarpa. Mich. Am. v. 1. p. 292.

Aronia arbutifolia. Elliott, Carol. v. 1. p. 356. Torrey,
Fl. of Un. St. v. 1. p. 478.

Aronia pyrifolia. Pers. Syn. Pl.

Var. 8. melanocarpa ; foliis calycibusque plerumque gla-

bris, fructu nigro. Walld. Sp, Pl. v. 2, 1013.
Mespitus arbutifolia, 8. Mich. Am. v. 1. p. 202. .
Pyrus melanocarpa. Willd. Enum. p. 525. De Cand.

Prodr. v. 2. p. 637. Pursh, Fl. Am. v. 1. p. 339.
Pyrus floribunda. Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1006.
Aronia arbutifolia 6. Torrey, Fl. of Un. St. v. 1. p. 478.
Aronia melanocarpa. iliott, Carol.v.1.p.557.
, From

From all that can be learned from American authors, as
well as from copious specimens I have received from various
Botanists of that country, it does not appear that there is
more than one species of the ApENorAcuis section of Pyrus,
and that varying with red and black fruit. In the absence
of the fruit, it seems impossible to distinguish these varie-
ties ; the tomentum which clothes the young leaves particu-
larly being more or less deciduous ; so that both states may
be seen with glabrous or woolly foliage. Dr. Linpiey’s
Pyrus floribunda is surely only the black-fruited kind, retain-
ing the down on the foliage, and thus, as he observes, par-
taking of the character assigned to both respectively.

Descr. Our plant forms a handsome bush, five to six
feet high, copiously branched, the branches with dark brown,
glossy bark, the young shoots green and downy. Leaves
obovato-lanceolate, acute, finely serrated, almost sessile,
reticulated with veins and with glands on the midrib, the
young ones, especially beneath, and frequently in a more
advanced stage, clothed with rather thick down ; at length,
often wholly glabrous. Corymbs copious on the short
branches, about as large as those of the White Thorn.
Calyx often tinged with bright red, and the anthers before

bursting are of the same colour. Petals obovate, concave,
slightly stained with blush.

7920 WAT

> n o ‘ yy x “ae e 17s
Witch Del* Pub by, S Curtis. Glezenwood Fssex ug. L152

( 3669 )

CatTrLeva Mosstm Mrs. Moss’s Supers
CATTLEYVA. vax: ct & fs igs

; Be
yy te

KEKE EKER EEK KEREE EER
Class and Order.

GynanpriA Monanpri.
(Nat. Ord.—Onrcuipez. )

Generic Character.

Sepala membranacea vel carnosa, patentia, equalia. Pe-
tala sepius majora. Labellum cucullatam, columnam in-
volveus, trilobum vel indivisum. Colwmna clavata, elongata,
semiteres, marginata, cum labello articulata. Anthera car-
nosa, 4-locularis, septorum marginibus membranaceis.
Pollinia 4, caudiculis totidem replicatis —Herbe epiphyte,
(Americane ) pseudo-bulbose. Folia solitaria vel bina cori-
acea. Flores terminales, speciosissimi, sepe e spatha mag-
na erumpentes. Lindl.

Specific Name and Character.

Carrieya Mossie ; caule elongato ramoso pseudo-bulbi-
fero, pseudo-bulbis oblongis sulcatis, floribus giganteis
speciocissimis, sepalis lanceolatis, petalis elliptico-ova-
tis unguiculatis marginibus oblique crispatis, labello
latissimo obovato intus flavo oblique coccineo-stri-

ato, ungue in tubum superne acutissimum condupli-

cato, limbo bilobo pulcherrime crispato crenulato.

We wish our plate could do justice to this most magni-
ficent of all Orchideous plants. The flowers are very con-
siderably the largest yet known in any of this superb family ;
the colour is equally striking, with which no art of the

pencil can attempt to vie, and we may add that the fragrance

1s most powerful, resembling that of GyMNADENIA conopsea, —

but it is much stronger. The diameter of this splendid — po

flower is, from the tip of the upper sepal to the tip of the
rom the tip pper sep nian

YOu XU, 1

labellum, seven inches and a half; from tip to tip of the two
opposite petals eight inches and a half! each petal being a
little more than four inches long, and two inches and a half
in breadth :—twenty-four inches in the circumference of
the entire blossom !

I am indebted to the kindness of Mrs. Moss, of Otterspool,
near Liverpool, for the noble specimen here figured, which
was accompanied with a folio sketch of the entire plant
from her pencil: and I know of no name more appropriate
for it, as suggested by my friend Mr. Parker, than that of
the lady in whose stove it has, by the care of her skilful
gardener, Mr. James, been brought to such high perfec-
tion. This is the third lady* of Liverpool who has taken
advantage of the commercial facilities of that flourishing
town, and, by its intercourse with the New World, to im-
port from thence its most beautiful botanical productions.
The present plant was introduced through the medium of
Georce Green, Esq., of Liverpool, in September, 1836,
_ from La Guayra, a country which, were it probably investi-

gated, would amply reward a Collector by many other
novelties.

There is a general resemblance in the structure of the
flowers of several of the purple-flowered Carrieym: but, in-
dependent of the gigantic size, the present species may be
known, especially from C. labiata, its nearest affinity, by its
elongated, branching stem, bearing many deeply sulcated
pseudo-bulbs, by the much broader sepals and petals, which
latter are unguiculated at the base, and by the colour and
markings and size of the lamina of the labellum.

* The two others,

and the late Mrs. A it needs hardly here be remarked, are Mrs. HoRSFALL

RNOLD HaRRIson.

4. Lief Pub by S Curtis

Viarnwood Pesex Aug? 7. 7#38

( 3670 )

RHODODENDRON ALBIFLORUM. WHITE-
FLOWERED RHODODENDRON.

KEKE KEKE EEE EEE EKER EEK RK
Class and Order.

Decanpria Monoeynia.

( Nat. Ord.—Enricine2. )

Generic Character.

Calyx 5-partitus. Corolla infundibuliformis 5-loba. Sta-
_ mina 5—10, declinata: antheris apice biporosis. Capsula
5-locularis, 5-valvis, ab apice dehiscens, valvarum margin-
ibus inflexis, dissepimenta formantibus. Receptaculum
centrale. Semina membrana involuta.

Specific Character and Synonym.

Ruopopenpron albiflorum ; erectum, foliis deciduis ellip-
tico-lanceolatis integerrimis membranaceis glabris in
apicibus ramorum, pedunculis fasciculatis, calycibus
subfoliaceis hispidis, corollis albis rotato-campanulatis, —
staminibus 10 erectis inclusis e#qualibus, filamentis
basi barbatis.

Ruopopenpron albiflorum. Hook. in Fl. Bor. Am. v. 2. p.
43. t. 133.

This extremely interesting and distinct species of a very
favourite genus was discovered by Mr. Drummonp in the
alpine woods of the Rocky Mountains; and seeds which
were sent by the officers of that expedition to Dr. Granam
produced plants, which have, at length, in July, 1837,
produced their delicate cream-coloured blossoms.

Descr. Shrub two to three feet high, erect, branched,
with the branches upright, clothed with a dark brown, gla-
brous bark... The leaves are confined to the young shoots
at the apices of the branches, and deciduous, elliptical-
lanceolate, submembranaceous, shortly petiolate, entire,

glabrous,

glabrous, penninerved, from an inch to an inch and a half
long. Stipules ovate, membranaceous, brown, concave,
early deciduous. Peduncles fascicled, rarely solitary, lateral
and subterminal, about an ineh long, recurved, slightly
hispid. Bracteas resembling the stipules. Flowers droop-
ing. Calyx large and deeply cut into five ovate, somewhat
foliaceous, brownish-green, obtuse, slightly hairy segments.
Corolla pure cream-white, twice as long as the calyx, rotato-
campanulate, five-lobed, lobes obtuse, rounded. Stamens
ten, hypogynous, shorter than the corolla. Filaments thick, ©
bearded at the base, white. Anthers white, of two parallel
cells, opening by a pore at the extremity. Germen ovate,
5-lobed. Style about as long as the stamens, hairy below.
Stigma peltate, five-lobed.

Fig. 1. Calyx including the Pistil. 2. 3. Stamens :—magnified,

( 3671 )

LospeuiA Bripeesit. Mr. Brinces’
LoBELIA.

KKK KKK KKK EEEKEE EK
Class and Order.

PentTanpriA Monoeynia.
( Nat. Ord.—LoseniAcez. )

Generic Character.

Corolla tubo hinc fisso (raro integro) ; limbo 5-partito.
Anthere connate. Stigma bilobum (nunc indivisum).
Capsula bilocularis (raro trilocularis), apice supero bivalvi.
—Herbex vel Suffrutices) plereque lactescentes. Folia al-
terna, integra vel laciniata, raro fistulosa. Flores racemost,
terminales vel axillares, solitarii, pedicellis bibracteatis vel
nudis. Anthere sepius barbate. Br.

Specific Character and Synonym.

Losexia Bridgesii ; suffruticosa glabra simplex, foliis lan-
ceolatis submembranaceis sensim anguste acuminatis
minute serratis basi decurrentibus, racemo elongato
bracteato bracteis pedicelli longitudine, laciniis caly-
cinis lato-subulatis, ciliato-serratis, corolle glaberrime
tubo dorso fisso basi fissuris 5 (corolla quasi 5-petala)
laciniis lineari-acuminatis, staminibus exsertis, antheris
2 apice barbulatis.

Loge Bridgesii. Hook. et Arn. Contr. S. Am, Bot. in
Bot. Journ. p. 278.

An extremely handsome species of Losexi, for our first
knowledge of which we are indebted to Mr. Briners. He
discovered it near El Castello de Amorgos, Valdivia, in the
south of Chili. (It is n. 663 of his Collection.) Since that
period the plant has been raised from seeds at the Royal

Gardens of Kew, and to Mr. Arron’s kindness we owe the
possession

possession of it. It produced its very large and handsome
flowers in the greenhouse in July, 1837.

Descr. , Plant three to four feet high. . Stem,stout, suf-
fruticose below, then herbaceous, glabrous, as is every part
of the plant, and angled and winged by the decurrent bases
of the foliage. Leaves five to six inches and more long,
lanceolate, much. acuminated, penninerved, closely and
acutely serrated, even down to the decurrent bases, up-
wards on the stem they gradually become smaller, and con-
stitute lanceolate and subulate, always strongly serrated
bracteas, among the, flowers. _ Pedicels spreading, about
half an inch long. Calyx-segments about one-fourth the
length of the corolla, erect, broadly subulate, fringed with
rather distant, coarse serratures. Corolla rose-coloured,
reflexed, cleft to the base above, and near the apex and
near the base into five linear-acuminate segments ; so that
it may almost be said there are five petals, cohering at the
middle and at the apex. Filaments combined into a tube,
deep rose-coloured above. Anthers lead-coloured, two of
them bearded at the apex. Stigma curved down a little
beyond the anthers, yellow.

na Fig, ‘e Flower, the Corolla being removed. Magnified.

2
a
Swarr oe

3672

Augl, 18.38

Li ss«

(rlazenwood

étrtis

S¢

( 3672 )

SOLANUM CAMPANULATUM. BELL-FLOWER
SoLANUM.

SS
Class and Order.

PentanpriaA Monoeynra.
( Nat. Ord.—Sotanez. )

Generic Character.

Calyx 5—10-partitus. Corolla subrotata, 4—10-fida.
Anthere conniventes apice poro gemino dehiscentes. Bacca
2, 3, 4-locularis, placentis septo adnatis. Semzna glabra.

Specific Character and Synonym.

SoLtanum campanulatum ; caule herbaceo, aculeis confertis-
simis rectis subulatis, foliis ovatis angulato -lobatis
utrinque hirsutis calycibusque aculeatissimis, racemis
simplicibus armatis, corollis campanulatis.

Sotanum campanulatum. Br. Prodr. Nov. Holl. p. 446.
(non Willd.)

A very beautiful species of Sotanum, for the first know-
ledge of which we are indebted to Mr. Brown, who found
it about Port Jackson. The specimen here figured was
communicated from the greenhouse of the Edinburgh Bo-
tanic Garden, in July, 1837.

Descr. Stem herbaceous, branched, and, as well as
almost the entire plant, hirsutely pubescent, and equally
clothed in the same parts with numerous long, straight,
slender, subulate spines, green at the base, the rest purple.
Leaves petiolate, broadly-ovate, sometimes triangulari-
ovate, deeply and irregularly lobed and angled, aculeated
on both sides, the aculei confined to the midrib (which is
often purple) and the veins. Racemes lateral and terminal,
few-flowered. Pedicels almost as long as the flower. ,Calyx

campanulate,

campanulate, five-cleft, persistent ; the segments acute, at
first spreading, afterwards connivent over the fruit, very
prickly. Corolla large, handsome, purplish-blue, broadly
campanulate, very indistinctly-lobed, lobes with an acute
point, almost aristate. Stamens five. Filaments short.
Anthers oblong-lanceolate, connivent, yellow.

Fig. 1. Calyx of the Flower. 2. Calyx, enclosing the young Fruit :—
scarcely magnified.

Pub by S Curtis Glazcnweod Essex Aug] 1838

( 3673 )

EUPHORBIA JACQUINIFLORA. JACQUINIA-
FLOWERED E\UPHORBIA, OF SPURGE.

Class and Order.

Monaecra Monanpria.
( Nat. Ord.—Eupnorsiacez. )

Generic Character.

Involucrum androgynum 4—5-fidum, extus appendiculis
glandulosis (petala, Z. nectaria, aliorum). Peripherici:
pedicelli incerti numeri, singuli cum singulis staminibus
articulati. Germen pedicellatum, centrale: Styli 3, 2-fidi.
Capsula 3-cocca. Spreng.

: Specific Character and Synonym.

Evupnorsia jacquiniflora ; dioica? fruticosa, foliis deflexis
longe petiolatis lato-lanceolatis, racemis axillaribus—
paucifloris, involucri lobis 5 obcordatis coccineis basi —
glandulosis cum squamis rotundatis serratis luteis in-
ternis alternantibus. 3

I regret to know nothing more of the history of this ve
singular and handsome frutescent Eupnorsia, than that it
was sent from the Berlin Botanic Garden under the appro-
priate name here retained, and that it flowers in the stove
of the Glasgow Garden during the winter months. The
fine rich red of the spreading lobes of the involucre contrast
admirably with the full and bright green of the foliage.

Descr. Our plant is a shrub, four to five feet high, with
the stem slender, branching only above, and there only
leafy. Leaves all pendent, broadly lanceolate, entire, acute, —
somewhat membranaceous, penninerved, upon long foot-
stalks. From the axils of the upper leaves arise the short
racemes of few flowers (or rather involucres,) each pedicel
with a small ovate bractea at the base. Involucre pe a

short,

short, broadly ovate, greenish tube, and a five-cleft, spread-
ing bright red limb : the segments obcordate, and having at
the mouth five-roundish, bifid, serrated, buff-coloured, con-
nivent scales. At the base of each lobe is a transverse
honey-bearing gland. © In our plant the involucres contain
only male flowers ; each consists of a pedicel with a single
stamen, subtended by a narrow linear scale. Anthers of two
globose cells, set apart at the apex of the filament.

Fig. 1,2. Unexpanded Flowers. 2. Portion of the Involucre, the Scales
removed to show the Gland. 3. Scale. 4. Male Flower and accompanying
Scale or Bractea :—magnified.

S674.

Glaxenwood Essex Aug?) 143% ,

Pub, by SO

( 3674 )

ZYGOPETALON Murrayanum. Mr. Mor-
RAYS ZYGOPETALUM.

Class and Order.

GyYNANDRIA MonaAnDRIA.
( Nat. Ord.—OrcuipeE#. )

Generic Character.

Perianthium explanatum, sepalis petalisque ascendenti-
bus subeequalibus, cum ungue producto columne conna-
tis. Labellum muticum indivisum, patens, ungue ascen-
dente, crista magna transversa carnosa. Columna brevis,
arcuata, semiteres. Anthera subbilocularis. Pollinia 2,
bipartibilia, in glandulam transversam subsessilia.—Herbe
terrestres, subacaules, foliis plicatis patentibus. Flores
speciosi, labello ceruleo.

Specific Name and Character.

Zycoretatum Murrayanum ; pseudo-bulbis ovatis profunde ©
sulcatis, foliis lanceolatis striatis, racemis plurifloris, _

sepalis petalisque ovato-lanceolatis acutis immaculatis, —

labelli lobis oblongis lateralibus erectis intermedio

4-plo majore reflexo albo basi purpureo maculato callo

prominente sulcato. 2
Zycoreratum Murrayanum. Gardn. MSS,

This new Zycoreratum has been lately discovered with —
many other treasures in the Organ Mountains of Brazil, by
Mr. Garpner, and has been named by him in compliment |
to his steady friend Mr. Stewart Murray of the Glasgow
Botanic Garden, under whose skilful management, the
bulbs sent by Mr. Garver about the middle of last year
blossomed in the early part of Winter. In the Organ
Mountains, it is found at an elevation of about four thou-
sand feet above the level of the sea.

Descr.

Descr. Pseudo-bulbs clustered, nearly three inches long,
ovate, furrowed. Leaves lanceolate, somewhat membran-
ous, acute, tapering at the base, striated. Scapes radical,
generally one from each side of a young shoot, racemose,
shorter than the foliage. Bracteas broadly lanceolate,
about as long asthe pedicels (including the germens).
Sepals and Petals spreading, pale yellow, green, ovato-
lanceolate, acute, connate at the base, nearly equal. Lip
white, deeply three lobed; the lateral lobes at the base
(where there are some dark purple streaks) erect, oblong,
incurved, the terminal or intermediate one four times as
large, nearly of the same shape, reflexed. The callosity or
crest is between the two lateral lobes, very prominent and
fleshy, recurved, somewhat furrowed. . Colwmn semiterete,
pale greenish-white, streaked with red in front, decurrent
below, where the labellum is fixed. Anther transverse,
obtuse, in a great measure sunk into the top of the column,
two-celled. Pollen two pairs of obovate, waxy masses,
fixed to a brown, triangular gland.

Fig. 1. Lip. 2. Column. 8. Outer, and 4, inner view of the Anther-
case. 9. Pollen-masses :—magnified. |

ne ee

DP. L1G328.

Je

Pub bv § Curtis Glaxenwood. Essea

( 3675 )

IsmeENnE Macrieana. Mr. M*Lean’s
AMANCAES.

JHE HEHEHE
Class and Order.

Hexanpria Monoeynta.

( Nat. Ord.—Amaryitwesz. )

Generic Character.

Tubus curvatulus cylindricus, laciniis angustis linearibus
patulis: Filamenta conniventia (tria superiora in coronam
plerumque deflexa curvata): Anthere modice. Semina
viridia rotunda—Bulbus ovatus. Folia estiva decidua.
Bulbus semine maturo mox ortus non ante estatem sequen-
tem folia protrudit. .

Specific Name and Character.

Ismene* Macleana; germiue breviter pedunculato, perian-
thio sublutescente viridi-notato, tubo gracili triunciali,
limbo et stylo coronam superante, filamentis circiter
4-uncialibus, flore odorato, foliis viridibus. Herbert
in Late. é Sls cuiectghais als

The Glasgow Garden is indebted to J OHN M‘Leay, Esq.,
of Lima for the bulbs which produced this handsome and
delightfully fragrant Amancazs, and which Mr. Herserr
considers to be a new species, worthy of bearing the name
of the liberal gentleman through whose means we
it. Its nearest affinity is with 1. pedunculata, (Herb.
Amaryll. p. 222. t. 35. f. 2.,) from which it is distinguished
by the above characters. It flowers readily in the stove,
and makes a very handsome appearance. rot ei:

* Named after the daughter of CEdipus and Jocasta.
VOL. Xi. ho

. This is one of those plants so much celebrated by the
Peruvians under the name of AmAncags. And so great a
favourite is this flower with the people, that the plain at
the foot of the mountains, where it grows, near Lima, bears
the same name; and’ one of ithe greatest festivals at Lima,
called the “Festival. of the Amancaes,” is thus described

_ by 2 ranger anscatit visitor,

\\ “T*"_ The Amancaise isan anniial festival, celebrated at.
Lima on the 24th: of June: it is something similar to our
May-Day,; the occasion of it being the height of bloom at
that time.of a)flower peculiar to; Peru, called the ‘ Aman-
caise,’ to gather which, the citizens of every: class, in the
afternoon of the day, ‘hasten; ,as:aigala,'to a spot in the
vicinity of the city)deriving its name; as well as the festival
itself, from the’ flower which: grows more abundantly there
than in any: other place. }

** After an early dinner, our party, principally on: horse-
back, set) off... 1t was with difficulty that a sufficient number
of steeds could be secured, as every animal of the name and
similitude, in the city; is put in requisition at this time, if at
no other during the year...) |

“ We left the city by a new and handsome gate on the
North, and crossing the bridge over, the Rimac, passed
through ‘a large ‘suburb, ‘whence: we entered a regularly
planted and! beautiful. Almeda} or. aventie, a favourite pro-
menade of the Limanians, and similar to that already
described at the entrance: of the, city from Callao.

_. “After passing ithe Almeda, we entered a narrow, wind-
ing, and) sandy road, enclosed on either side-by high mud
walls and completely filled by parties in carriages, on horse-
back, and on foot, gazing at each other, and interchanging
looks; and, bows of cheerful hilarity, Here were persons
of every class of society, from the highest to! the lowest, and
of every shade, and) colour, from the fairest: Briton to the
deepest ebony of the African Tribésisj0™ bes 1 ©

-‘* At the end of two.miles, we: found ourselves elose to the
wild. and: naked hills; encircling Lima on the North and
East, and immediately, in: front of a'gorge, between two of
these, terminating at the distance of half a mile, against the
steep acclivity of a third., ‘The whole:were'bare as volcanic
ashes and sand can make them).ex¢ept where the bloom of
the flower, which had called the crowds together, exbibited;

here and there, a tinge of yellow, (for this was the ‘ Aman-

cause, the spot of our visit,) and ‘over: the precipitous sides
of which, small parties were already scattered, and even
horsemen,

horsemen, at the seeming hazard of their necks, clambering
to points, fitted, apparently, only for the footing of the goat
or chamois: | al |

« The general appearance of the multitude, at the dis-
tance first seen, was that of \a field:im America) at a general
militia-muster, or of a race course: anda nearer view, save
in the variety of colour and novelty’ of: costume, did not
lessen the resemblance. |:'There: was the same bustle and
hum of laugh and talk; thesame pressing and hurrying from
one place to another; the confused sound of musical instru-
ments in different directions, and the loud and: coarse mirth
of the booth and the stallos'))) co) Couly vouten oF

“On either side: of:the-way were carriages drawn’ by
mules, with a:postillion and footman; and filled ‘with ladies
and children in: rich) evening dress:;;around these; groups
of genteel-looking horsemen were gathered: in gay'conver-
sation and laughter ; while:;within a few rods:onevery side,
might be seen 'thronged ‘circles, ‘in ‘the midst'\of which,
negroes and negresses, in as’full: dress: as their masters and
mistresses, were ‘dancing to) music scarce less heathénish,
vulgar, and rude, than that heard within the kraals of their
aboriginal country. . "

«« Every person! was? decorated with the Amancuise, ‘and
clusters of the flowers were placed in'the bridles and harness
of the horses, as well as on the hats and headdress of the’
riders: Mi Mt JO 9st

« We rodeto a rancho, or booth, for the purpose of tast-
ing a‘common drink of the country, called: Chiehi:'' It is
made from new corn ground, and tastes much like the:beer
at a distillery of Whiskey after fermentation, and before
distillation has taken place.» The primitive and favourite
preparation of itamong the Indianswas by chewing, in the
manner of the 4va at the! Sandwich Islands : a fact, which
I was satisfied not to have learned till after: my curiosity in
tasting it had been indulged) crmoy ov) | 1s IHG IOE

** By this time, the scene around had reached the height
of interest in its novel'and varied exhibition. Inaddition’ to
hundreds of 'Calesas, the clumsy and antique carriage in
general use, there were two English chariots, two barouches,
two gigs, anda few other foreign vehicles, on the ground.
One or two Scotch and English ladies, on horseback; were
also distinguished inthe throng, anda few Spanish ladies,
mounted, in similar dresses and attitude; while other na-
tives, male and female, Peruvians, both Spaniards and
Indians, Negroes and Negresses of every shade, and “A an

evo endless

endless variety of costume, some on foot, and others on
every kind of animal, from the noblest of horses to the
sorriest jackass, were scattered in thousands around.

“« It was not long before the fashionables began to move
on a return, and the mob slowly to follow ; many of those
on foot dancing as they went, to the rude tunes of the
Negroes, still heard ata distance. I observed one Peruvian
female advance in this manner at least a quarter of a mile,
turning, as in a waltz, the whole time, in the midst of car-
riages and gay horsemen, apparently in danger every mo-
ment of being run over.

“In coming from the city, I had noticed at the termina-
tion of the road where we entered the Amancaise, a kind of
tent, in crimson hangings, at which there was dancing and
music, with a crowd around. The throng pressing forward
was, however, so great, that I merely observed a man and
woman, running to the carriages and horsemen passing,
with plates extended, for money., On our way back, we
stopped here for a moment, the musicians were still playing ;
the instruments, a violin, flute, and rude harp ; the air, a
monotonous repetition of a few wild notes... But what most
astonished and affected me, and what is perfectly character-
istic of the religious views and state of the people, was to
behold a table, in front of which the dancers were, spread
with the flowers of the Amancaise, at which was seated a
full length waxen figure. of the Saviour of men, crowned
with thorns, and streaming with blood !—representing him
who was emphatically, ‘a. man.of sorrows and acquainted
with grief,’ thus presiding over a scene of mirth and folly.

This sight induced a sadness, which all the gaiety of the
thousands we met and passed on our way to the city could
not dissipate ; and it was only with the deep tones of the
be a bell, falling upon us from the towers of the cathe-
dral, as we entered the royal square, invoking from all a
moment, at least, for solemnity and prayer, that a change

of thought and feeling came over me.” Stewart’s Visit to
the South Seas.

Fig. 1. Flower, with the Limb of the Perianth removed; nat. size.

If

W. Fitch. Delt

Swan Se.
Pub. by 5. Curtis. Glaxenwood Essex Sep? L 1838 ae

( 3676 )
PoOTENTILLA GLABRA. GLABROUS POTEN-
TILLA.

Class and Order.

Icosanpr1A PonyeyniA.
( Nat. Ord.—Rosacex. )

Generic Character.

Calycis tubus concavus, limbus 4—5-fidus, extus 4—5-
bracteolatus. Petala A—5. Stamina numerosissima. Car-
pella numerosissima ‘stylo laterali donata, in receptaculo
procumbente persistente exsucco capitata. Semen appen-
som.—Herbe aut Suffrutices foliis compositis, stipulis peti-
olo adnatis; floribus albis lutets rariter rubris. ee

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Porentitia glabra ; caule fruticoso erecto, ramis nutan+
tibus, foliis pinnatis bijugis sursum ternatis vel simpli-~
cibus utrinque glabris nitidis subtus glaucis (floribus”
albis.) His tG, eas 1StTB coed, th

Porentitta glabra. Lodd. Bot. Cabinet, 914. Graham, in

0. Ed: Phil. Journ, March, 1838. | bi

This is a very pretty little shrub, producing in abundance
_ its small, rosaceous, white blossoms ; its erect, rigid stem,

and arched branches, forming a neat round bush, and fitting. .
it for cultivation along with the smaller ornamental species
of Cistus. The flowers appeared in succession in the open
border at the Botanic Garden, Edinburgh, during August
and September. ‘The species is a native of Siberia, and is
stated by Mr. Loppices to have been received by him from
Mr. Buscu of St. Petersburg in 1822. The difficulty of
propagating it, noticed by Mr. Loppiezs, is probably the

reason why it is so seldom seen in collections.
Descr.

Descr. Shrub erect, rigid, every where glabrous, ex-
cepting occasionally on the edges of the leaflets, on the
young shoots, peduncles, and outside of the calyx, where
there are a few long, spreading hairs. Flowering branches
cernuous. Leaves very numerous, small, pinnate, bijugate,
those towards the flowers ternate, or at the base of the
peduncle simple; leaflets ovato-acute, turned forwards at
their apices, reflected at their sides, slightly undulate,
veined, shining above, glaucous below, the upper pair
slightly decurrent, and often united at their base to the
terminal leaflet. Stipules dry and membranous, brown, 2-
ribbed, united in front of the petiole, and about as long as
it, bifid at the apex. Peduneles (about half an inch long)
reflected upwards, collected in small numbers, or solitary
near the extremity of the branches. Petals subrotund,
entire, white, longer than the calyx. Styles short and ab-
rupt. Receptacle hairy. Graham.

I take the earliest opportunity afforded by a vacant space in the
present number of the Magazine, to offer my very sincere apology to
J. R. Gowen, Esq., for having spoken of him, at p. 3667, as the
“ gardener,” at High Clere; whereas the gardener is Mr. Linpsay.
Mr. Gowen is a gentleman of independent fortune, much devoted to
Science, and well known in the most respectable circles in London;
and under whose advice and direction many of the improvements at-
High Clere had been effected by the late Earl of CazERNARVON :—a
circumstance which led to my unfortunate mistake. W. J. H.

I6T7.

tis (lazenmoo

<dLEssex Sep? 1.183% Swan Se.

( 3677 )

SoPpHRONITIS CERNUA. DROOPING-FLOWERED
SoPpHRONITIS.

td

eS Si Si ORES SS SS Sh Sh Si
Class and Order.

GyNANDRIA MonanpriA.
( Nat. Ord.—Orcuipea. )

Generic Character.

Pollinia 8, antice et postice parallela, caudicula duplici
pulverea, glandula o? Anthera terminalis opercularis 8-
locularis, cardine crasso. Stigma concavum rostello ob-
tuso. Columna libera apice utrinque alata, alis integris
conniventibus super cristam labelli. Labellum integrum
cucullatum linguiforme, basicum columna connatum, medio
crista simplici transversa. Sepala subequalia, imbricata,
basi libera.—Herba epiphyta ( Braziliensis ) monophylla, non
bulbosa, racemis axillaribus effusis paucifloris, floribus ru-
bris. Lindl.

Specific Character and Synonym.

SopHronitis * cernua.

Sopnronitis cernua. Lindl. (in a note upon Evropaia
ensata) Bot. Reg. t. 1147.

Soruronia cernua. Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1129.

*« This pretty little Epresyre was added to Sir Cnarres
Lemon’s Collection at Carclew, in August, 1836, and flow-
ered in November, 1837. Its native country is Brazil,
whence it was first introduced to our stoves by WiLt1AmM
Harrison, Esq. Specimens were also gathered by Mr.
Garpner in the Organ Mountains, and are distributed as
No. 665 of the second collection. The plant rr

* From cwQpor, modest, from its unassuming appearance.

high temperature, and to be kept rather moist. It thrives
pretty well when placed on the branch of an old apple tree,
to which it soon attaches itself by means of its long, clasp-
ing, round, ash-coloured roots.

** Descr. Pseudo-bulbs one-leaved, roundish-oblong, alter-
nate, dark green, nearly concealed by the thin, sheathing,
brownish covering in which they are enveloped, becoming
when old flattish, compressed, and wrinkled. Leaves ovate,
sessile, smooth, thick and leathery, rather more than an inch
long, and three-fourths of an inch broad, cordate at the
base, slightly pointed, and of a rich green colour. Scape
short and round, issuing from the base of the leaves, on our
plant four-flowered, but on the old specimens they appear-
ed to have been eight or nine, with a small“acuminate, per-
sistent bracte at the base of each. Pedicels round, thicken-
ing outwardly, of a greenish-orange as well as the buds,
which are triangular and pointed. Sepals spreading, ovate-
oblong, acute, of a bright reddish-orange. Petals similar
in form and colour, but rather broader and rounder at the
point. .When the flower has been some time open, both
sepals and petals become reflexed. Labelluma little shorter
than the petals, and of a paler orange, ovate acuminate,
slightly concave, with the edges turned up so as to embrace
the column on each side, and having two, somewhat reni-
form, fleshy protuberances at its base. Colwmn about half
the length of the labellum, roundish above, with two wings
beneath tipped with dark pink. Anther-case brownish-red,
two-celled, containing four pairs of thin, ovate-acuminate,
yellow, pollen-masses in each.”

I am indebted to Mr. Boorn, of the Carclew Gardens,
for the above description and for the drawing from which
the plate was engraved. -

A> oe ‘ am Pe og
L+:é by § Cudés Cloacrwoodl Frsor bape! 7.238 3A Swans

( 3678 )

ARTHROSTEMMA VERSICOLOR. CHANGEABLE-
FLOWERED ARTHROSTEMMA.

Class and Order.

Ocranpria Monoeynia.
( Nat. Ord. —Metastomaces.) —

Generic Character.

Cal. tubus turbimatus campanulatusve sepé pilis setis
squamisve vestitus ; lobi 4 lanceolati persistentes : appen~
dices inter lobos nulle. Petala 4. Stamina 8, filamentis
glaberrimis ; anthere oblonge 1-porose connectivo longi-
usculo basi obtuse biauriculato. _Ovarium apice setosum.
Capsula \-locularis. Semina cochleata—Herbe aut suffru-
tices habitu subvarii, omnes Americani. Genus heteroge~
neum et in posterum dividendum ! interea ne generum multi-
plicatis nimia evadat, hic indivisum retinui. DC. |

Specific Character and Synonyms. fod

ArtHrostemMa versicolor ; suffruticosum undique pilosum,
foliis petiolatis ovatis serrulatis 3—5-nerviis, floribus
terminalibus solitariis ebracteatis, calycis lobis 4 line-
ari-oblongis reflexis, ore intus 8-glanduloso.

Arrnrostemna versicolor. De Cand. Prodr. v. 3. p. 137.

Raexia versicolor. Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1066.

An exceedingly pretty Melastomaceous plant, probably
not an unfrequent native of Brazil. It was first detected
by Mr. M‘Rae at St. Catherine’s, who was the Collector
there for the Horticultural Society ; and since, on the same
line of coast, by Mr. T'weepte, from whose seeds it was
raised at the Glasgow Botanic Garden, and the little bushy
plants are pretty thickly studded with their delicate flowers
in July and August. It seems to require the heat of the
Stove to bring it to perfection.

_ Desce.

Descr. Plant eight to ten inches high, somewhat
shrubby at the base, above herbaceous, much and dichoto-
mously branched, four-sided, hispid with spreading hairs.
Leaves opposite, rarely, at the dichotomies, quatenate,
ovate, acute, spreading, serrated, hispid and ciliated, three
to five-nerved, paler, sometimes reddish beneath: upper
leaves gradually smaller, so that the plant terminates in a
somewhat leafy panicle. Flowers solitary, terminal, upon
a short hispid pedicel. Calyx hispid: tube ovate, the limb
of four reflexed linear-oblong segments; there are no
scales alternating with the segments, but a bristle there
situated is generally larger than the rest: within at the
mouth are eight small coloured glands. Petals four, obo-
vate, approaching to round, of a pale rose-colour, fringed
at the apex. Stamens eight, exserted, nearly erect, equal.
Anther oblong, acuminate, yellow, with two gibbosities at

the base. Germen free, ovate, hispid at the apex. Style
filiform, exserted.

Fig. 1. Calyx with its Pistil 2’ The same laid open. 8. Petal. 4.
Stamens.

liv fvlich del® Pubby §. Curtis &

* Pa . , De or ry SE
tanenwood Essex sep” £1822 has tee)

( 3679 )

ASPASIA VARIEGATA. VARIEGATED ASPASIA.

Class and Order.

GyYNANDRIA MonanpRIA.
( Nat. Ord.—Orcuivez. )

Generic Character.

Perianthium patens, equale. Sepala lateralia libera ;
supremum cum petalis basi et dorso columne connatum.
Labellum oblongum, concavum, ecalcaratum, obsolete 4-
lobum, cum columna semiconnatum. Columna labello
parallela, semiteres, marginata. Anthera bilocularis. Pol-
linia 2, pyriformia, postice sulcata, caudicula plana cuneata,
glandula parva.—Herbe epiphyte, caulescentes, pseudo-
bulbose. Folia subcoriacea. Spice radicales, breves. Lindl.

Specific Name and Character.

Aspasta* variegata ; pseudo-bulbo oblongo ancipiti-com-
presso basi et ad apicem diphyllo, foliis elongato-lan-
ceolatis, subenerviis, scapo radicali unifloro bracteato,
perianthii foliolis lanceolatis, labelli subtrilobi bituber- _
culosi ungue elongato columna connato,

Aspasia variegata. Lendl. Bot. Reg. t. 1907.

This, I at first considered a new Zyeoretatum. It will,
however, be seen to be the same plant with the Aspasia
variegata of Professor Linptey. It was sent from Trinidad
in 1835 by Mr. Cross to the Glasgow Botanic Garden,
where it produced its beautifully marked and highly fra-
grant flowers in July, 1837.

Descr. Pseudo-bulbs clustered, oblong, compressed and

two-edged, pale green, smooth at the base, at each angle is
a

* From acrafouas, I embrace, in allusion to the manner in which the
column is embraced by the labellum.

a sheathing scale terminated with a leafy appendage, and
each pseudo-bulb is also terminated with a pair of elon-
gated, moderately thin, lanceolate, recurved and somewhat
nerveless leaves, about a span long: from the base of the
pseudo-bulb, and in the axil of the leafy scale, arises the
scape, two to three inches in height, and bearing two or
three small bractee, and a single flower. Sepals and petals
alike, lanceolate, the three former widely spreading, the
two latter erecto-patent, all yellow-green, beautifully pen-
cilled with brown lines, which are interrupted by pale
bands. Lip with a long claw, which is united for its whole
length with the column, its lamina broadly ovate, three-
lobed, with a small, reflexed point, yellowish-white, streak-
ed with purple lines; at the base are two deep orange spots,
and in the middle are two slightly elevated oblong tuber-
cles. Column quite erect, cylindrical, grooved in front,
pale green, tawny upwards. Pollen-masses two, obovate,
bipartite—The anther-case had fallen before I had the:
opportunity of seeing the specimen, |

Fig. 1. Column and Lip:—slightly magnified.

Werbere Del*

Lub by 5S Curtis Glazenwood Essex Seo? LI036

( 3680 )

Guapio_tus Morrtonius. Mr. Morron’s
GLADIOLUS.

SR eekkek
Class and ‘Order:

Trianpria Monoeynia.
( Nat. Ord.—Iripez. )

Generic Character.

Corolla tubulosa, limbo 6-partito irregulari. Stamina
adscendentia. Stigmata filiformia indivisa. Semina alata.

Spr.
Specific Name and Character.

Grapiotus Mortonius; foliis 8—9 viridibus nervosis acutis
tortilibus 3 une. latis 10-uncialibus flabelliformiter
divergentibus, scapo sesquipedali, floribus antice spec-
tantibus sex vel ultra undulatis reflexo - patentibus
substriatis albo-roseis, stylo antherisque albescentibus.
WH.

Gtapiotus Mortonius. Herbert, MSS.

A new species, from the East coast of Southern Africa,
for the drawing and character of which, we are indebted to
the Hon. and Rev. Wituiam Herserr of Spofforth, who,
we are happy to say, is devoting the same attention to the
Iripeg, which he has lately paid to the AMArYLupes, and
we trust the public will derive the same advantage from
the result of his labours, by the publication of them also.
That gentleman received the plant from Messrs. Roxztsons,
and named it in compliment to the person who sent it to
this country. He observes that, in the posture of its
flowers, it belongs to the European and Natal-river species,
and seems to have some affinity to Guaproxus oppositiflorus,
(Hers. Amaryl. p. 366.,) but is not half so tall.

™~, JI6A4l,

Hatter Fitch del! Fibs bu 3. CurasClazeniwved sextet 2 l

( 3681 )

SPATHODEA PENTANDRA. FIVE-STAMENED
SpATHODEA.

SKE KEK KEKE KEK EERE REE
Class and Order.

DipynaMiIA ANGIOSPERMIA.
( Nat. Ord.—Bienontacez. )

Generic Character.

Cal. spathaceus, hinc fissus. Cor. infundibuliformis,
limbo 5-fido inequali. Filamentum quintum sterile. Stig-
ma bilamellatum. Caps. siliqueformis falcata sub-4-locu-
laris, dissepimento valvis contrario suberoso. Spreng.

Specific Name and Character.

Spatnopea * pentandra ; arborea, foliis impari - pinnatis,
foliolis plurijugis lato-ovatis acuminatis undulatis gla-
bris acute serratis, panicula terminali thrysoidea gla-
berrima, corolle limbo bilabiato sepissime 6-lobo 5-
andro cum rudimento sterili.

Seeds of this noble Bignoniaceous tree were received from
India by Mr. Murray of the Glasgow Botanic Garden,
under the name of “ Bienonia pentandra,” a name of Lov-
REIRO, referred by Wittpenow to B. Indica, a very different
species from the present, which, on account of the structure
of the calyx I refer to Sparnopea. Indeed I do not find it
anywhere described, but it will probably rank next to
Bienonta (Spathodea, Spr.) 4-locularis, Roxs. Cor. t. 145:
which has, however, much smaller leaves, a tomentose pa-
nicle, and a nearly regular limb to the corolla. Our plant
did not flower till it had attained a height of nearly twenty

feet. This occurred in June, 1838.
: Descr.

* onaln, a spatha, from the sheathing nature of the calyx.
VOL. XII. L

Descr. Trunk erect, straight, slender, branched slightly
and only at the top, where alone it is leafy. Leaves two to
three feet and more long, impari-pinnate. Leaflets oppo-
site, from five to ten or twelve pairs, ovate, glabrous, (as
is every part of the plant,) waved, serrated, strongly penni-
nerved, the nerves prominent beneath. The rachis round-
ed, swollen at the insertion of the leaflets. Panicle of
many large, handsome flowers, so compact as to form a
thyrsus. Peduncles and pedicels red, rough, with raised
points. Calyx red, oblong, somewhat inflated, split to the
base on one side, the apex bifid. Corolla two inches long:
tube inflated upwards, yellowish. Limb two-lipped, white
mottled with purple: upper lip of two, lower of three or
four obtuse, waved and somewhat crenated lobes. Sta-
mens four, and didynamous ; a fifth solitary stamen is pre-
sent when the corolla is six-lobed: and there is besides the
rudiment of a sixth stamen. Anthers large, white. Germen
linear, inserted upon a yellowish gland or disk. Style white,
filiform, bent at the base. Stigma of two lanceolate plates.

1, Calyx and Pistil. 2. Base of the Corolla with Stamens. 3. Pistil,
and hypogynous Disk :—magnified.

IGS 2.

z=
” Watch del? eee
Pitch ae Pub by 3. Curtis Clasermood Fsyex. Ott: 2 1038 SwanSe

( 3682 )

PLEUROTHALLIS GroByt. THE Grogy
PLEUROTHALLIS.

EREEREREEEEREKKEEEEEEES

Class and Order.

GyNANDRIA Monanpria.
( Nat. Ord.—OrcuipeEz. )

Generic Character.

Sepala conniventia subequalia: lateralibus v. omnibus
connatis. Petala minora. Labellum \liberum, cum co-
Jumna subparallelum, integerrimum, petalis difforme. Co-
lumna elongata, aptera, libera, cum ovario continua. An-
thera apice membranacea. Pollinia duo, nunc materia
pulverea ad apicem coherentia—Herbe epiphyte, rhizo-
mate repente filiformi. Caules filiformes monophylli, sepius
vaginatt. Flores axillares, solitarii, v. fasciculati, v. race-
mosi, herbacei v. fusct. Lindl.

Specific Character and Synonym.

PreurotHaLus Grobyi ; folio oblougo-spathulato racemo
laxo gracili multoties breviore, bracteis minimis mem-
branaceis, sepalis costatis oblongis acutis lateralibus
apice tantum sejunctis, petalis lanceolatis, labello line-
ari obtuso carnoso superne unisulcato.

Prevrotuauus Grobyi. Bateman in Bot. Reg. t. 1797.

This is a Brazilian plant, sent from the Organ Mountains,
near Rio Janeiro, by Mr. Garpner, to the Glasgow Gar-
den, in the spring of 1836, and it flowered in the stove
in July of 1837. It seems almost to connect the P. ene

o

_ * Of the P. picta we have received beautiful flowering specimens at the
time of writing this, from our often-mentioned friend C.S. PARKER, Esq., of

Liverpool,

of Linptey with the P. Groby, (both from Guiana,) having
leaves more resembling the former, and flowers more ac-
cording with the latter, but rather longer in proportion to
the diameter. It is of larger growth than either, but, on
the whole, I am disposed to refer it to P. Grobyz. |

Descr. Plants growing loosely tufted, many from one
point: each consisting of a slender, almost filiform stem,
and one oblongo-spathulate, somewhat coriaceous Jeaf,
from the base of which arises the peduncle, four to five
inches long, extremely slender, almost capillary, reddish,
bearing a distichous raceme of flowers ; the rachis zigzag.
Flowers yellow-green, streaked with red ; upper sepal, as it
is usually considered; ovato-lanceolate, the two side ones
much narrower, united into one by their lower edge: thus
the flower appears to be two-lipped. Petals very small,
lanceolate. Lip the size of the petals, jointed on the de-
current_base of the column, oblong, obtuse, furrowed, and
with two small tubercles near the middle. Column as long
as the lip. Anther sunk into the top of the column.

Fig. 1. Flower. © 2. Flower from which the two lateral\Sepals are remov-
ed.. 3. Column and Lip. 4, Front view of the Column :—magnijied.

KB Pitch. dtel*®
Sub. by

S, Clertis
tis blazenwood.
Od Reser Oct. / L858.
Swan Se

C 3683 )

VERONICA PROSTRATA; y., satureizfolia.
Prostrate SpEEDWELL; Savory-leaved var.

Class and Order. é

Dianpria Monoeynia.
P
_ ( Nat. Ord.—Scroruutarina. )
©
Generic Character. * ;°

Cor, 4-fida, rotata; lacinia infima angustiore. Caps. 2-
locularis apice emarginata. f

Specific Character and Synonyms. ,

Veronica:prostrata ; foliis sessilibus oblongis obtusis serra-—
tis superioribus lanceolatis planis, calycibus 4—5-par-
titis, caule florifero ascendente.

Veronica prostrata. © Vahl, Enum. 1. p.%75. De Cand. Fl.
Fr. v. 3. p. 460. Spreng. Syst. Veget. v. 1. p. 73.
Roem. et Schult. Syst. Veget. v. 2. p. ULI.

(8.) minor. 3

(y.) satureizfolia. Roem. et Schult.l.c. y. satureizfolia.
Poit. et Turp. Fl. Par. p. 22; spicis lateralibus caulem
prostratum superantibus, foliis infimis oblongis su-
perne serratis, intimis subdenticulatis, aliis linearibus
integerrimis. (Tab. nostr. 3683.)

A hardy perennial ; a native of France, Germany, Italy,
and Switzerland, and well deserving of cultivation on ac-
count of the very brilliant blue of the flowers, in conjunc-
tion with their large size and constant succession from a
very long raceme. It blossoms during the summer months.

Descr. Stem prostrate at the base and purplish, then
erect and green, more or less downy, as is the entire plant.
Leaves opposite, mostly oblong, especially in the lower
part of the plant, spreading, or somewhat reflexed, a

serrat

?

serrated, and marked with a few nerves, which have a direc-
tion almost parallel with the midrib, dark green above,
paler beneath : the upper leaves are narrower, less serrated,
and the uppermost are linear and quite entire. Racemes
axillary, pedunculated, a span long, loaded with blossoms
in various stages of expansion. Pedicels about as long as
the calyx, witha linear stipule at the base. Calyx oblique,
deeply five-cleft, almost partite, the segments lanceolate,
unequal. Corolla rotate, of four spreading, broadly-ovate
lobes, of which the lower one is the smallest. Style slender,
blue; Stigma capitate.

Fig. 1. Calyx including the Pistil, Pedicel, and Bractea :—magnified.

Swanse

S. Curtis Glazenwood k'ssex Oetd 1838

Pub by

( 3684 )

SoLANUM FRAGRANS. FraGrant Sours
AMERICAN NIGHTSHADE.

SER E EK EKEEEE EEE EEE EEK
Class and Order.

PentranpriA Monoeynia.
‘ ( Nat. Ord. —Sotanez. )

Generic Character.

Cal. monophyllus, persistens. Cor. monopetala, rotata.
Anthere oblong, apice poris duobus dehiscentes. Bacca
bi- tri-quadrilocularis. :

Specific Name and Character.

Soranum fragrans ; arborescens, foliis geminis ovatis cor-
datisve inequalibus integerrimis, racemis solitariis ex
axillis ramorum, floribus secundis pedicellis inferio-
ribus maxime elongatis, calyce 5-fido, corollis lato-
campanulatis profunde 5-partitis, limbo reflexo, stami-
nibus geniculatis, stigmate dilatato concavo.

This extremely curious Soranum was sent from South
Brazil by Mr. Tweep1e, to the Glasgow Botanic Garden.
It grew rapidly, but for the first two years showed no dispo-
sition to flower in a pot, when it was removed into a border
in the great stove, where it soon reached a height of twelve
to fourteen feet, and in the month of June produced its
singular racemes of changeable coloured flowers, the fra-
grance of which is peculiarly powerful and agreeable. I
can find no description of a Soranum which agrees with it ;
but there is, in Dr. Scoomsurex’s collection from Guiana, a
species which comes near to it, but there the calyx is almost
entire ; the segments of the corolla are not reflexed nor
glabrous, and the stamens are very different.

Descr. Stem erect, arborescent, twelve or ——
1g

high in our cultivated plant, bearing at the top many long
branches spreading horizontally, glabrous, as is every part
of the plant. Leaves in pairs, rarely solitary, unequal, peti-
olated : the lesser one on the shorter petiole, cordate, short-
ly acuminate, entire, glossy and somewhat succulent ; the
larger one on a longer petiole, and rather ovate than cor-
date, dark green, a little paler beneath. From the forking
of the branches the peduncles have their origin ; these are
pendent, bearing a raceme of flowers, of which the pedicels
are all secund, the lower ones, (and, indeed, all of them as
the blossoms expand, ) singularly reflexed, that is, bent in the
direction of the base of the Sebi. but the mouth of the
flowers all directed downwards. Calyx a shallow cup with
five spreading, rather short, triangular lobes. Buds at first
purple, then greenish, at length when fully open, green
with a dark streak on the back of each segment: valvate
but not plicate in estivation. The corolla is thick and
fleshy, rotato-campanulate ; that is broadly campanulate,
and deeply cut into five oblong, reflexed segments. Sta-
‘mens with the filament short, bent back, and suddenly geni-
culated at the top, so as to incline the anthers forward, of
which the tips reach the top of the style, while their bases
are at a considerable distance, purplish : the connectivum
swollen and gibbous at the base. Germen subglobose,
tapering into a very short, thick style. Stigma dilated,
very thick, green, transversely oval, concave, with two
swellings or tubercles within.

Fig. 1. Stamens and Pistil: the Calyx and Corolla almost entirely re-
moved. 2. Nearly front view of a Stamen. 3. Back view of ditto. 4.
Pistil. 5. Section of the Germen:—magnified. —

‘/*

W. Fizch del? ; Pub. by S Curtis Clarxenwood Essex. Ootd 1938.

( 3685 )

Ipom@A Puatensis. Tue Piata lpomma.

KKK KEK EEK EEE KEE REE EER |
Class and Order.

Prentanpria Monoeynia.
( Nat. Ord.—Convoxrvutacez. )

- Generic Character.

Cal. 5-partitus,; nudus.’ Cor. campanulata v. mfundibuli-
formis, 5-plicata. Germen 2—3-loculare, loculis dispermis.
Stylus indivisus. Stigma capitatum, 2—3-lobum. Caps.
2—3-locularis. Br. —
-
Specific Character and Synonyms.
fpomza Platensis ; volubilis, foliis palmatis lobis septenis

“cuneato-oblongis obtusis extimis minoribus, peduncu-

lis 2—4-floris petiolo longioribus, calycis foliolis ‘sub-
rotundato-ovatis obtusis. 3

(a.) pedunculis petiolisque tuberculatis.

Ipomza Platensis. Herb. in Bot. Reg. t, 333. :

(8.) pedunculis levibus, petiolis tuberculatis. (Tab. nostr.
3685.) oJ f | Se) has baguste

A very handsome Iromaa, a native of the banks of the
Plata, for our first knowledge of which we are indebted to
the Hon. and Rev. Wini1am Hersert of Spofforth, who
raised it from seeds sent by Mr. Coorer. It has again been
transmitted in the year 1836, by Mr. Tweepie, from the
same country, to the Glasgow Botanic Garden, where it
blossomed in great perfection in the stove, in the month of
August, 1837.

Descr. The stem, as is'so common in this genus, is
long and climbing, the younger shoots slender and green.
Leaves petiolate, glabrous, palmate, or rather pedate, for
the lobes are five, lanceolate, or oblongo-lanceolate, obtuse,
the two lower ones again divided, the lowest segments

smaller

smaller than any of the rest. Petioles shorter than the
leaves, terete, flexuose, tubercled ; but in this variety the
tubercles are small and partial. Peduncles axillary, soli-
tary, slender, tubercled in «, smooth in #8, longer than the
petioles, but shorter than the leaves, bearing an umbel or
cyme of from two to four handsome flowers, each pedicel
having a bractea at the base. Calyx of five, imbricated,
broadly oval, concave leaflets, closely appressed to the
base of the flower. Corolla between hypocrateriform and
funnel-shaped, of a delicate lilac colour, with a broad five-

lobed, spreading linb. Germen ona glandular disk. Stegma
two-lobed, granulated.

Fig. 1. Pistil :—magnified.

ty,7e D,.} Py ae ee ae ae
td} et Lub by SCartis. Glarenwood Essex. Feta. TES. ‘

( 3686 )

Z.YGOPETALON MAXILLARE. 'TREE-F'ERN
ZY GOPETALON.

KEKE EEE EEE EEE EKER ERE
Class and Order.

GyNANDRIA Monanpria.
( Nat. Ord.—Orcuivez. )

Generic Character.

Perianthium explanatum, sepalis petalisque ascenden-
tibus subequalibus, cum ungue producto columne conna-
tis. Labellum muticum, indivisum, patens, ungue ascen-
dente ; crista magna, transversa, carnosa. Columna brevis,
arcuata, semiteres. Anthera subbilocularis. Pollinia 2,
bipartibilia, in glandulam transversam subsessilia.—Herbe
epiphyte, subacaules ; foliis plicatis patentibus. Flores spe-
ctost, labello ceruleo. Lindl.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

ZyGoPrETALON maxillare ; pseudo-bulbis oblongis sulcatis,
foliis lanceolatis nervosis basi attenuatis, sepalis peta-
lisque ovato-oblongis acutis subeequalibus, labelli tri-
lobi obtuse calcarati lobis lateralibus erectis crista un-
guliformi crenato maximo unitis intermedio patente
majori subrotundo. ,

ZYGOPETALON maxillare. Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1776. Lindl.
Gen. et Sp. Orch. p. 188.

A very beautiful epiphyte, remarkable for the colour of
the labellum, which is a rich and very deep purple, and
still more so for the form of the large callosity at its base,
which Mr. LoppieEs compares to the lower jaw of an ani-
mal, and which in shape resembles a horse’s hoof. If well
grown this is one of the most beautiful of its tribe, for it
has in its native forests a rhizoma more than six feet in

length, while from the tops of its branches the racemes of
flowers:

flowers appear, of which there are three within a few inches
of each other; in the native specimen in my Herbarium.
Mr. Garpner found it on the Organ Mountains in April
of last year, and always growing upou the stems of the
Tree Ferns. It flowered readily in the stove of the Glasgow
Botanic Garden, in June, 1838, a few months after the
plant was imported.

Descr. Pseudo-bulbs oblong, furrowed: Leaves eight to
ten inches in length, lanceolate, membranaceous, strongly
nerved, attenuated at the base. Scapes longer than the
leaves, each bearing six to eight large handsome flowers,
with sheathing scales, which pass into bracteas that sheath
the germen. Sepals and petals spreading, nearly equal,
(the latter the narrowest,) ovato-oblong, acute, green with
transverse, brown blotches. Lip. horizontal, purple, the
two sidelobes erect. and united to'the remarkably large,
deep, glossy. purple, notched, and horse-shoe-shaped callo-
sity; the middle lobe roundish, waved, and obscurely lobed :
the base of the lip below forms a blunt spur along with the
decurrent base of the column; which latter is short and
broad, incurved, purple. Anther-case transversely oblong,
yellow, with a blunt point at the top. |

Fig. 1. Lip and Column, side view. 2. Column and Anther; front view :
—magnified. — Sine:

Nou. i 1858

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GONGORA MACULATA. SpotTrep GoNGORA.

Class and Order.

GyNANDRIA Monanpria.

-

( Nat. Ord.—Orcuipex. )

Generic Character.

Perianthium explanatum. Sepala \ateralia libera divari-
cata, supremum cum dorso columne connatum. Pet. mi-
nora columne medio adnata. Labellum cum basi columne
continuum, liberum, unguiculatum, hypochilio explanato
utrinque cornuto, epichilio verticali ancipiti (faciebus op-
positis complicatis connatis) acuminato. Columna longis-
sima, arcuata, clavata marginata. Anthera subbilocularis.
Pollinia 2, \imearia, in caudiculam cuneatam sessilia.—
Herbe epiphyte, pseudo-bulbose. Folia plicata. Racemi
longissimt, flexuosi, multiflori. Lindl.

Specific Character and Synonym.

Goneora maculata ; foliis 5-plicatis obovato-oblongis basi
valde angustatis, sepalis lateralibus e lata basi angus-
tatis, hypochilio oblongo subtus convexo basi obtuse
bicorni apice truncato angulis acutis in cirrhis duobus —
producto, epichilio acuminato. :

Goneora maculata, - Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1616.

This strange-flowered species of Goncora is, doubtless,
nearly allied to our G. atro-purpurea (Bot. Mag. t. 3220),
but distinguished not only by the colour, but the form of
the different parts of the flower. It has been introduced at
various times, and by Collectors from Demerara, and firstly
by Mr. Moss of Otterspool, Liverpool. Our plant flowered
in great perfection in July, 1837, and again in August of
the present year (1838).

Descr. Pseudo-bulbs ovato-oblong, deeply - furrowed,
bearing two broadly-lanceolate, plaited leaves at the extre-

mity.
VOL. XII. “ M

mity. From the base of the bulb the scape or flower-stalk
arises, two feet long, curved, bearing a long raceme of very
singularly-shaped flowers, of a rich yellow colour. spotted
with dark red in every part, resembling some strange
insect. Sepals lanceolate, the margins revolute, the upper
one very remote from the two lateral ones, erect, rising
from the upper part of the long greenish column, the latter
bent completely back, so as to meet behind the flower.
Petals small, linear oblong:, from the middle of the column,
and standing forward. Lzp also standing forward, laterally
compressed, curiously wrinkled or folded, tapering into a
setaceous point, and having two setaceous appendages or
lobes arising from the upper side. Anther terminal, broader
than the column. Pollen-masses linear, with a long, white
stalk between them and the gland.

Fig. 1. Flower. 2. 2. Outer and inner view of an Anther-case. 3.
Pollen-masses :—magnified.

Lssex Nov 11838

rls. Glazenwood.

by. ebvid

Pub

as

C 3688 )

PENTSTEMON GLANDULOSUM. GLANDULAR
PENTSTEMON.

OO
‘Class and Order.

DipynamiA ANGIOSPERMIA.
( Nat. Ord.—Scrornutarinez. )

Generic Character.

Cal. pentaphyllus aut 5-partitus, bractea solitaria dis-
tante. Cor. ventricosa, bilabiata. Stam. didynamia, rudi-
mento quinti filiformi seepius barbato. Anthere sejuncte
sepius glabre. Caps. ovata bilocularis, bivalvis poly-
sperma. Semina angulata. Lindl.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Pentstemon glandulosum ; pubescenti-glandulosum, foliis
radicalibus ovato-lanceolatis acutis dentatis petiolatis,
caulinis subcordatis amplexicaulibus subintegerrimis,
corollis ventricosis, staminis rudimento glabro.

Pentstemon glandulosum. Dougl. in Herb. Hort. Soc.—
Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1262.

A handsome, and even in Scotland, perfectly hardy plant,
native of dry, gravelly, or rocky mountain-torrents in the
Rocky Mountains, lat. 47° North ; and at the base of the
Blue Mountains on the banks of the Kooskooskee river,
six thousand three hundred feet above the level of the sea,
it occurs frequently. It was introduced to the Horticul-
tural Society’s garden by the late Mr. Dovetas, and it
flowers during the months of June and July.

Descr. Stem erect, a foot or a foot and a half and more
high, erect, nearly simple, purple, clothed with fine glandu-
lardown. Leaves nearly glabrous above, slightly downy,

but scarcely glandular beneath: radical ones i.
ate,

late, petiolate, serrated, those of the stem almost cordate,
opposite, acute, concave, amplexicaul. Peduncles axillary,
opposite and terminal, bearing three to four, subumbellate
flowers, with two ovate leaves or bracteas at their base.
Calyx of five deep, unequal, hairy segments. Corolla large,
bluish-purple, glanduloso-pubescent, the tube ventricose,
two-lipped, the lips standing forward, upper two-lobed, the
margins reflexed, lower in three nearly equal lobes. Anthers
two-lobed, the lobes pointing downwards, blue : rudiment-
ary stamen subspathulate, glabrous. Capsule glabrous, as
long as the persistent calyx.

Fig. 1. Sterile Filament —magnified.

FIO8SS.

Cazenwood &ssex Now 7 WU3sé.

LPs

£

Pub by S

—C +3689)

HELIANTHUS MOLLIS. SOFT-LEAVED
SUNFLOWER.

Class and Order.

SYNGENESIA F’'RUSTRANEA.
( Nat. Ord.—Composirz. )

Generic Character.

Involucrum imbricatum, squamis subsquarrosis. Recep-
taculum paleaceum. Pappus diphyllus. Spreng.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Hetrantuus mollis ; foliis oppositis (supremis bracteantibus
exceptis) ovato-lanceolatis triplinervibus supra scabris
subtus glauco-pallescentibus levibus glabris vel molli-
ter pubescentibus inferioribus subgrosse serratis supe-
rioribus subintegerrimis, involucri foliolis lineari-acu-
minatis squarrosis, paleis tricuspidatis.

Hewiantuus mollis. Willd. Sp. Pl. p. 2240. Pursh, Fl.
Am. 2.2. p. 572. Ell. Carol. v. 2. p. 418. Darl. Fl.
Cestr. p. 92. ;

In the Botanical Register, t. 524, is given a Hetianruus
of North America, under the name of pubescens, Vaux, and
the same species is represented at t. 2778 of the present
work, where great doubts are expressed as to its being the
real plant of Vanxt and the American Botanists. It is, I
believe, the H. tomentosus, Micu.; a name which, indeed,
is introduced among the synonymy both by Mr. Gawrer
and myself together with the H. mollis ; but I believe they
are three distinct species. The H. pubescens has the leaves,
as its author described them, truly ovato-cordate, and very
villous, on both sides ; but whether H. pubescens be a vari-
ety of it or not may admit of doubt : whilst the H. mollis of
Wittpenow, and certainly of Exuiorr, is free from hairs,

except

except on the underside of the leaves (and there not always),
and is remarkable for the deep green colour of the upper
side of the foliage, and the pale and glaucous hue beneath ;
and is that which we have here represented. Our speci-
men, now figured, is from the Glasgow Botanic Garden.
Native specimens I possess from the late Mr. Scuwetnirz
of Bethlehem, Dr. Dartineton of West Chester, and Dr.
Suort of Kentucky. It flowers about autumn.

Descr. Perennial. Stems erect, four feet or more high,
branched above, generally deeply tinged with dark purple,
more or less scabrous. Leaves opposite, the uppermost one
alone excepted, mostly on very short footstalks, ovato-
lanceolate, slightly tapering at the base, acuminated at the
extremity, glabrous, scabrous and dark green above, below
smooth, pale, glaucous, glabrous, or clothed more or less
copiously with soft down, three-nerved, the margin rather
distantly and not deeply serrated, the upper ones almost
quite entire. The upper and alternate leaves are small,
and may be considered bracteas. Involucre of many lance-
olato-subulate, spreading or squarrose scales. Receptacle
slightly convex, chaffy: scales or palee tricuspidate. Flo-
rets of the ray bright yellow: their abortive germens with
two unequal, chafty, subulate, opposite scales : those of the

disk with generally two, sometimes more broadly subulate,
soft, deciduous ones

—

Fig. 1. Floret of the Ray. 2. Floret of the Disk magnified.

F690.

aces BE. s
V Fitch Del*
h. Del
Pub by. $C
Luh by ‘arLL
: ¥. scuriLs. Glazenwood
Lz ead Essex Nalls3
NaLIS 38. ;
Mia E

( 3690 )

MERENDERA CaAucasica. CAUCASIAN
MERENDERA.

Se Re he a a
Class and Order.

Hexanpria TRiGyni.

( Nat. Ord.—Metantruacez. )

Generic Character.

Corolla infundibuliformis, hexapetala: unguibus longis-
simis. Stamina petalis supra ungues inserta. Capsula
supera.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

MerenvDErRA* Caucasia ; antheris versatilibus, foliis lanceo-
lato-linearibus patulis, flore cum foliis erumpente.
Merenpera Caucasica. Bieb. Fl. Tauc. Cauc. v. 1. p.

293. Hyjusd. Centur. Pl. Rar. Ross. Merid. tab. 5.
Roem. et Sch. v. 7. p. 152A.
Buxizocopium trigynum. Adam, in Web. et Mohr. Catal.
v. 1. p. 49. 3
Cotcuicum Caucasicum. Spreng. Syst. Veget. v. 2. p. 143.

A charming little bulbous plant, sent by Dr. Fiscuer to
the Glasgow Botanic Garden, where it produced its pretty
blossoms, at the same time with the foliage, in the month
of May, under the shelter of a glass frame. In the Cauca-
sus, and in Middle Iberia, where it is a native, it blossoms
in the very early part of spring.

Descr. Bulb coated, pale, or more frequently of a dark
brown, almost black colour, ovate, ragged at the top,

whence

* A name given by the Spaniards to the CoLcnicum, a Genus which
this so nearly resembles.

whence springs a long, membranous sheath or spatha, sur-
rounding the base of the flowers and of the foliage. Leaves
three, narrow-lanceolate, obtuse, channelled, much taper-
ing at the base, shorter than the flowers. Flowers one to
three from the same spatha: each consisting of six petals,
with very long, narrow, slender claws, which meet so as to
form a tube, arising from a very short peduncle : the lamina
oblongo-lanceolate, obtuse, faintly striated, of a delicate
rose colour tinged with purple. Stamens six, arismg from
the base of the lamina of each petal, and about half its
length. Anthers oblong, yellow. Style very long, filiform.

697,

Pub by.S.Curtis.Glaxenwood Essex Nawll838. Swon. Se

( 3691 )

Mertocactus pepressus. DEPRESSED
MELOCACTUS.

Class and Order.

IcosanpriaA Monoeynia.
( Nat. Ord.—Cacreaz. )

Generic Character.

Calycis tubus ovario adherens, lobi 5—6 petaloidéi : fruc-
tum juniorem coronantes. Petala totidem cum petalis in
tubuim cylindraceum longe concreta. Stam. filiformia plu-
riserialia. Stylus filiformis. Stigma 5-radiatum. Bacca
levis calycis et corolla lobis marcescentibus coronata.
Semina uidulantia. Cotyledones minime. D C.

Specific Name and Character.

Me xocactus depressus ; depresso-conicus basi multum latior
profunde subdecem-angulatus, costis latis obtusius-
culis, spinis 5—7 fasciculatis subulatis rectiusculis pal-
lide fuscis basi lanuginosis, corona per-brevi lanugi-
nosa, aculeis rubris.

This is one of the few Cacrez which have rewarded
Mr. Garpner’s researches in the vicinity of Pernambuco,
and from whence a number of this species were sent to
Woburn Abbey, and to the Glasgow Botanic Garden. The
flower is at present unknown, probably it is small and red,
like what we know of other Metocacti: but they had blos-
somed freely previous to their having been embarked ; and,
after their arrival copious seed-vessels were produced, long,
and of a delicate transparent rose-colour, which, rising in
a circle considerably above the crown of red aculei, present-
ed an appearance perhaps more striking than the flowers

themselves.
Descr.

Descr. Our largest specimen scarcely measures more
than six inches across near the base, below which the plant
is suddenly contracted, and above which it gradually be-
comes smaller to the height of about four inches, whence
the crown springs : so that the shape of this Metocactus is
that of a depressed cone with rounded sides: and this is
deeply cut into about ten broad furrows, forming as many
prominent costz, the ridges and bottoms of the interstices
forming moderately. acute angles: upon each of these
ridges are about four or five clusters of spines, of from five
to seven spines in a cluster, subulate, strong, spreading,
straight, or but very slightly curved, of a pale brown, or
ashen-green colour. At their base is a small, dense, woolly
tuft or scar. From the summit is a short crown, scarcely
three-fourths of an inch high, and about two inches and a
half in diameter, of a woolly substance, filled with exserted,
red aculei, very crowded. Fruzt,an oblong or rather club-
shaped berry, about an inch long, of a delicate rose colour
tipped with the withered flower : containing within several
nearly globose, shining black, reticulated seeds.

Fig. 1. Berry. 2. Vertical Section of the same. 8. Seed :—magnijied.

= ~
Pub by.5 Curtis .Glazenwood Essex. Mal1838. SwanSe

( 3692 )
Pavonia ScHRANKII. ScHRANK’S PAvVoniA.

KKK KEKE EEE EEE EE ERE RE
Class and Order.

Monapetrut1A PoLyANpRIA.

( Nat. Ord.—Matvacez. )
Generic Character.

Calyx cinctus involucello 5—15-phyllo. Stigmata 10.
Carpella capsularis, 5-valvis, monosperma. D C.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Pavon1a* Schrank; inermis, “ foliis subcordato-ovatis acu-
minatis, inequaliter serratis utrinque stellato-tomen-
tosis, pedunculis I-floris, involucris calyce brevioribus
5-partitis, carpellis inermibus.

Pavonia Schrankii. Sprengel, Syst. Veget. 3. 98.

Legreronta coccinea. Schrank. Pl. Rar. H. Mon. t. 90.
De Cand. Prodr. 1. 446.

We received this plant from the Botanic Garden Berlin,
in 1836. It flowered freely in the stove at the Botanic
Garden, Edinburgh, in July, 1837 ; but though its blos-
soms are of considerable size, and not destitute of beauty,
the plant will probably never be a favourite in cultivation,
because its flowers are only expanded during the forenoon,
and the shrub is coarse and in no degree attractive. It is
a native of Brazil.

SpRENGEL unites Lesretonsa with Pavonra, and De Cay-
DOLLE questions the propriety of considering them distinct.
The only part of the definition which seems to me to jus-
tify the separation, is the reported dehiscence of the carpels,
which I have not found to take place.

Descr.

* So named in compliment to Don JosEF Pavon, the companion of
MBEY in Peru, and, in conjunction with Rutz, the author of the valuable
“ Flore Peruyiana.”

Descr. Shrub erect; branches erect, and, as well as the
whole plant except the corolla and parts within it, uenseyy
covered with coarse, harsh, reflected, yellowish hairs, whic
are distinctly stellate on both sides of the leaves. Leaves
(three inches and a half long, an inch and a half broad)
scattered, spreading wide, petiolate, ovate, subcordate at
the base, acuminate, strongly veined and wrinkled, darker
above than below, where the midrib and veins are very
prominent, coarsely and unequally serrated ; petioles about
one-third of the length of the leaves. Stipules (half an inch
long) slender, subulate, erect. Peduncles solitary, axillary,
reaching nearly to the middle of the leaf, single-flowered.
Involucre 5-partite, segments ovate, valvate and prominent
at their edges near the base, five-nerved, with reticulated
veins, wrinkled. Calyx longer than the involucre, five-
partite, segments similar to those of the involucre, but
rather less coarse, with the marginal nerves less conspicu-
ous, at first erect, afterwards folded over the germen. Co-
rolla (above an inch and a half long, two inches across
when fully expanded) pentapetalous, orange-coloured, yel-
low at the base, petals imbricated and convolute, dolabri-
form, many-nerved, slightly tomentose, deliquescent in
decaying. Stamens indefinite, monadelphous, inserted into
the base of the petals, and uniting these to each other ;
united filaments slightly tomentose; gradually smoother
upwards, free portion glabrous; anthers kidney - shaped,
unilocular, opening along the top, attached loosely in
the sinus to the filament. Styles ten, cohering for above
one-third of their length, glabrous, each terminated by a
small pencil-shaped, crimson-coloured stigma. Germen
oblong, wrinkled, green, of five verticillate lobes, each
containing a single oblong ovule, compressed at its inner
side, and there attached near its base to a central placenta.
Carpels dark brown, much wrinkled, subglabrous, glabrous
and nearly white within, where they are seen evidently to
be bivalvular, but are not, I think, dehiscent. Seeds kidney-
shaped, pale brown, glabrous, except along the back where

there are a few, and at either extremity where there is a
tuft of yellowish hairs. Graham.

Fig. 1. Pistil -—magnified.

sex Deel 18.38.

£.

Glaxenwood

S. Cartts

Pub by

( 3693 )

Carrieya GuTTata; 6. Russelliana. Srorrep
Carrieya ; Lord Edward Russell’s var.

Class and Order.

GyYNANDRIA MOoNANDRIA.
( Nat. Ord.—Orcuinez. )

Generic Character.

Petala membranacea vel carnosa, patentia, equalia. Pe-
tala sepits majora. Labellum cucullatum, columnam in-
volvens, trilobum vel indivisum. Colwmna clavata, elon-
gata, semiteres, marginata, cum labello articulata. Anthera
carnosa, 4-locularis, septorum marginibus membranaceis.
Pollinia 4, caudiculis totidem replicatis—Herbe epiphyte
(Americane ) pseudo-bulbose. Folia solitaria vel bina, cori-
acea. Flores terminales, speciosissimi, sepé e spatha magna
erumpentes. Land.

Specific Character and Synonym.

Carrirya guttata ; floribus carnosis, sepalis lineari-lanceo-
latis obtusis, petalis conformibus paulo, latioribus un-
dulatis, labelli trilobi lobis lateralibus ovatis obtusis,
intermedio cuneato obcordato disco tuberculato, foliis
concavis, spatha obsoleta. Lindl.

Cartieya guttata. Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1406.

(8.) Russelliana; elata, floribus subtriplo majoribus, sepa-
lis petalisque intense fusco-viridibus. (‘Tab. nostr.

3693.)

This superb variety of a very handsome and uncommon
Carrieya, was brought to the Woburn Collection from
Brazil, together with many other rare South American
vegetable productions, in the spring of 1838, by Capt.
Lord Epwarp Russett, R. N., then commanding H. M. S.
Actzon. It was given to that nobleman by the Director

the

VOL, XII. N

the Botanic Garden at Rio, with the information, that it
was one of two specimens that had recently been dis-
covered in the Organ Mountains. In August of the same
year, its lovely flowers were displayed, when the drawing
here represented was made on the spot. Widely as the in-
florescence differs in size and colour from Dr. Linprey’s C.
guttata above quoted, it cannot be considered otherwise
than as a beautiful and stately variety, worthy of a place in
every choice collection of epiphytes.

Descr. Stems clustered, three feet high, erect, but with
a graceful curve, rounded and striated, jointed, about as
thick as one’s finger, of asilvery greenish-white, with green
blotches. Leaves two from the top of the stem, large, six
inches and more long, spreading, fleshy, oblong-oval, or
elliptical, scarcely striated, somewhat concave. From be-
tween the leaves springs a short spatha, whence arises the
peduncle, which is short, bearmg a raceme of about five
handsome, spreading flowers, each about five inches across.
Sepals oblong-lanceolate, obtuse ; petals similar to them,
but waved at the margin ; all of them of a rich greenish- _
brown colour spotied with purple. Zp short for a species”

of the present Genus ; the side-lobes a delicate rose colour,

the intermediate one, which is broadly wedge-shaped, red-

purple, with deeper lines. Colwmn scarcely longer than the
side lobes of the lip.

Guiapiotus Mortonius. (t. 3680.)

Mr. Herserr further observes, with regard to this species, that it
always blows in the winter, and rests in the spring. G. oppositiflorus

flowers very late, viz., at this season (Sept.), but Mortonius shows no
signs of flowering yet.

Spam 26

is Glazenwood FsscabDedIIs32.

4
bi

Car

RY

Pub by

Witch Del!

( 3694 )

VERBENA TEUCRIOIDES. GERMANDER-
LEAVED VERVAIN.

SEK KK KEE EEE EEE K EKER
Class and Order.

DipynaMiA ANGIOSPERMIA.
( Nat. Ord.—VERBENACEZ. )

Generic Character.

Calyx 5-fidus, dente unico subbreviore. Corolle limbus
irregulariter 5-lobus. Stam. inclusa. Ultriculus tetrasper-
mus, cito rumpens, ut maturi fructus caryopses sistant. Spr.

Specific Character and Synonym.

VERBENA feucrioides ; erecta ramosa pilis rigidis sepissime
elandulosis ubique vestita, foliis oblongis lanceolatisve
profunde incisis sessilibus, spicis elongatis densifloris,
calycibus elongatis post anthesin tortis corolle tubo
duplo brevioribus.

Versena teucrioides. Gill. et Hook. in Bot. Miscell. 1. p.
167, ee =

e149 ‘ .
sii Z -"
me a j

My first knowledge of this charming species of VerBena
was from specimens communicated by Dr. Gitties from the
highest ridge of the Uspallata Mountains in South America,
at an elevation of ten thousand feet above the level of the
sea. Afterwards Mr. Tweepie sent it from the hill of
Monte Video, and more abundantly from the Sugar-loaf
Mountain of Maldonado, marked “ No. 461, Vergena, with
slightly purple flowers and highly odoriferous.” In August,
1838, Mr. Nrven of the Glasnevin Botanic Garden favoured —
me with a beautiful drawing, from which the accompanying
figure is reduced, of the same interesting plant, which he
received from ‘the Earl of Arran, and about the same time
Mr. Hanpasipe, Nurseryman, of Musselburgh, Edinburgh,

passed

passed through Glasgow with a noble flowering specimen.
Seeds gathered also at Tandil* by Mr. Tweepie had been
sent to the Right Hon. the Earl of Arran, in whose garden
the plant was first raised : and we cannot but regret that it
is not an entirely new species, which we should have been
glad, in that case, to have honoured with the name of that
distinguished nobleman, a name which, as Mr. Niven
observes, is almost identified with that of the beautiful
Genus in question.

“ The plant is of easy culture, appearing to luxuriate ina
mixture of peat, loam, and sand, with a small portion of
well-rotted cow dung. The delightful jasinine-like odour
of the flowers is greatest and most powerful about dusk and
during the night : towards midday it diminishes consider-
ably, gradually increasing again towards the evening.”
(Mr. Niven)—The Messrs. Hanpasipe, of Musselburgh,
possess Mr. Niven’s entire stock of this fine plant, and
they propose disposing of it in April of next year (1839).

Descr. It will be at once seen that this VERBENA belongs
to the Metinpres group. The plant from which our draw-
ing was made was about two feet high, erect, of very hand-
some growth; the lower part bearing numerous more or
less spreading branches, the main stein terminating in a
spike of dense flowers, a span or more long. The tube
of the corolla very long ; the limb of a delicate yellowish-
white on first expansion, afterwards becoming purplish rose-

coloured. In our native specimens the long tubular calyx
is spirally twisted in age.

* For an account of Mr. TwEEDIE’s Journey to the Serras de Tandil
see TayLor’s Annals of Nat. Hist., vol. 1, p. 139.

WHilchDel*

Pub by SCartis Glazenwood EssexDecel 1838. Swan d¢

( 3695 )

CoOLLINSIA HETEROPHYLLA. VARIABLE-
: LEAVED COLLINSIA.

ERR EEK KEKE EEE EE EREE
Class and Order.

DipynamMiA ANGIOSPERMIA.
( Nat. Ord.—ScropHunaRInE&. ) —

Generic Character.

Calyx 5-fidus, equalis. Corolla bilabiata, tubo supra
gibbo, limbo inzquali ; labio superiore erecto bifido, inferi-
ore trifido. Stamina didynama. Capsula globosa, 4-valvis,
oligosperma.

Specific Name and Character.

Cotzinsi4 heterophylla ; foliis inferioribus trilobatis, supe-
rioribus ovato-acuminatis ; pedunculo floribus breviore,
calycibus glanduloso-pubescentibus ; laciniis corolle
apice rotundatis, crenatis, lobis medio labiorum inferi-
orum subacuto, labio superiore fauce subintegro.

This, the handsomest species of Cotiinsia yet known,
was found by Nurrazt on the Columbia, and was raised
at the Experimental Garden, Edinburgh, by Mr. James
M‘Nas from seeds transmitted to him under the name
adopted, by Mr. Buisr of Philadelphia in Spring last.
From Coxuinsia grandiflora our plant is easily discriminated
by its pubescent filaments and calyx ; from C. parviflora and
verna by its short peduncles; and from C. bicolor I have
attempted to distinguish it, by its lobate lower leaves, by
the coarser hairs on its calyx, by the rounded (not retuse)
crenate segments of the corolla, by the sub-acute middle
lobe of the lower lip, and by the nearly entire border to the
upper side of the throat. It extremely nearly resembles C.
bicolor, but the flowers are larger, and the character —

I have given may be sufficient to satisfy many of its being a
distinct species, though, I confess, scarcely sufficient to
take away my doubts. I have not, however, seen modified
forms run riot among North American as among ,South
American species, and therefore my scepticism is less than
if the Genus had been met with south of the equator.

The condition of the Experimental Garden shows that
Mr. James M‘Nagz, as a cultivator, has received the law at
the feet of Gamaliel; and the gorgeous display of Buenos
Ayres Versenas which his houses at present contain, proves
by their infinity of form and shade, and minuteness of gra-
dation, how few are species compared with diversity in these
particulars.

Descr. Root annual. Stem erect, branches divaricated,
ascending, slightly pubescent when young. Leaves gla-
brous, distantly serrated, paler below, darker above, lower
ones three-lobed and petiolate, the upper ovate, subsessile.
Bractee opposite, lanceolate, linear. Flowers large and
handsome, very much resembling those of C. bicolor, to
which it is certainly nearly allied,—the lower opposite and
solitary, the upper in crowded whorls. Calyx, like the com-
mon peduncle, glanduloso-pubescent on the outside, coarse-
ly hairy within, ventricose at its base, its rather short, blunt
segments spreading. Corolla (seven-eighths of an inch
long, above an inch across at its longest diameter) with a
few long hairs scattered over the upper surface, slightly
glanduloso-pubescent on the lower, the inside of the tube
having long coarse hairs, the lobes of the upper lip and the
lateral lobes of the lower lip rounded and crenate in the
apex, the central lobes straight and subacute, the promin-
ent ridge projecting into the throat from the upper lip,
subentire. The colour of the flower is deep lilac over the
whole of the lateral lobes except at the throat, at the tip of
the middle lobe and at the tip and base of the upper lip;
every where else the flower is white, but, in front of the
upper lip, the white portion is sprinkled with lilac spots.
Fertile stamens about as long as the middle lobe of the
lower lip ; filaments hairy, along their upper side ; anthers
orbiculate, kidney-shaped, orange, bursting along the edge ;
abortive stamen subulate, green, without appearance of
anther. Pistil glabrous; stigma minute ; style much de-
clined. Germen green, ovate. Graham.

ee

Fig. 1. Lower portion of the Stem, showing the divided Leaves ; nat. size.
2. View of the underside of a Flower, showing the curious projecting ridge
ofjthe lower Lip :—magnified.

F696.

Pub by. S.Curtis . Glaxenwood. Lsse2cDecel 1838.

WFitch Del*

( 3696 )

HypoxIs STELLIPILIS. STARRY-HAIRED
Hypoxis.

KKK KKK KEKE KEKE EEE EERE
Class and Order.

Hexanpria TRIGYNIA.
( Nat. Ord.—Hyroxipez. )

Generic Character.

Spatha bracteiformis. Corolla 6-partita plana, extus
calycina persistens. Discus nectariferus staminifer. Stig-
mata 3. Capsula 3-locularis, non dehiscens. Semina glo-
bosa, strophiolo rostrato. Spr.

Specific Character and Synonym.

Hypoxis * stellipilis ; rhizomate ovato, foliis radicalibus
plurimis trifariam fasciculatis triquetris -subulatis e
pilis brevibus stellatis implexis subtus tomentoso-
candicantibus, canaliculo carinaque acutis, umbella
2—4-flora.

Hyroxis stellipilis. Ker, Bot. Reg. t. 663.

_ A very pretty species of the Genus Hypoxis, first intro-
duced from the Cape of Good Hope by Messrs. Convint,
and lately sent to the Glasgow Botanic Garden by Baron
von Lupwie. It flowered vigorously in the greenhouse in
July, 1838, having been treated in the manner usually re-
quired by Cape bulbs and tubers.

Descr. Root consisting of an egg-shaped rhizoma or
tuber, of a dark brown colour, marked with transverse lines,
and bearing a few coarse fibres. From the summit of this

H ed.

tuber springs a cluster of leaves trifariously arrar

pe
i aahieaiace

—

* vmo, underneath, and oévs, sharp, alluding, Sir JaMES SMITH supposes,
to the tapering base of the inferior capsule.

These leaves are half a foot long, linear-subulate, much
tapering, striated, acutely keeled, dark green and glabrous
above, beneath very pale coloured, owing to a covering of
closely-placed, minute, stellated hairs, whence the specific
name. Scapes one to two from the same root, among the
leaves, but much shorter than they, bearing from two to
four large handsome star-shaped flowers. The scapes and
pedicels and outside of the flower are clothed with long and
soft hairs. Sepals oblong, spreading, bright yellow within,

eenish externally. Stamens six, spreading: Filaments
short: Anthers oblong, orange-coloured. Germen inferior,
small, obconical : Style short : Stigmas three.

Fig. 1. Flower, from which the Sepals are removed :—magnvjfied.

i et Dat Pub by SCw@tis Glarenwood Essex Decl 1839.

( 3697 )

PASSIFLORA INCARNATA. YELLOW-FRUITED
VIRGINIAN PASSION-FLOWER.

Class and Order.

MonapeupuHiA PENTANDRIA.
( Nat. Ord.—Passtrtorez. )

Generic Character.

Calycis tubus brevissimus, faux corona filamentosa mul-
tiplici ornata. Bacca sepius pulposa, rarius membra-
nacea. De Cand.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

PassirLora incarnata ; foliis profunde trilobis glabris ar-
gute serratis lobis lato-lanceolatis, petiolo supra medi-
um biglanduloso, stipulis minimis subulatis, pedun-
culis axillaribus solitariis folium zquantibus unifloris,
bracteis sub florem tribus parvis cuneatis argute serra-
tis infra serraturis grosse 1—3-glandulosis, calycis tubo
subnullo, corona corollam paululum superante, ger-
mine pubescente. |

Passirtora incarnata. Linn. Sp. Pl. 2. p. 1360. Amen.
Acad. vol. 1. p. 230. t. 10. f. 19. a—e (mala.) Pursh,
Am. vol. 2. p. 445. Elliott, Carol. v. 2. p. 154. De
Cand. Prodr. v. 3. p. 329.

(8.) integriloba ; foliorum lobis integerrimis.

Passirtora incarnata, 3. Ker, Bot. Reg. t. 332. (excl. the
reference. )

t.

t. 1989 of this work. The same species (P. edulis) is also
well represented by Mr. Ker in Bot. Reg. t. 152 as P. m-
carnata, 6; while the incarnata, 3, of the last-mentioned
work is an entire-leaved variety of our plant, with the
peduncles much shorter than I have ever seen them in
reality. The two species are abundantly different in the
following particulars. P. incarnata has comparatively
small serratures to the leaves, the petiolary glands much
below the blade of the leaf, very long peduncles which are
generally equal in length to the leaf; three small bracteas
under the flower, set so apart, however, as not to form an
involucre, minutely serrated in the upper half, and having
from one to three large glands below where the serratures
commence ; a large flower with no distinct tube at the base
of the calyx, and a purplish-blue filamentous crown, rather
longer than the calyx and corolla—In P. edulis the leaves
are more coarsely serrated, the two glands at the very apex
of the petiole, the peduncles are much shorter than the
leaves, the bracteas are three, large and very deeply serrated,
forming an involucre under the flower, the serratures often
glandular: the base of the calyx is contracted into a tube,
and the filamentous crown is much paler and shorter than
the corolla. The germen is sometimes downy in P. edu/is,
but the colour of the fruit is said to be different in the two ;
lurid purple in the last-mentioned; yellow in our plant:
from which circumstance I have derived our English spe-
cific name, for I have never seen any thing flesh-coloured
about the blossom. P. incarnata extends from Virginia to
the extreme southern point of the States, and I believe not
of South America. It is No. 121 of Mr. Drummonp’s
Louisiana Collection. P. edulis I have never received in a
wild state, except from Brazil.

Fig. 1. Glandular Bractea from the Peduncle :—magntfied.

Fitch. Del® Pub by S.Curtes Ghazenw cod @bhsexDece!] 1838 : Swans

( 3698 )

MaAnva Creeana. Snowy RED-FLOWERED
MAaLLow.

Class and Order.

MonapetpeHia PoLyANDRIA.

( Nat. Ord.—Matvacea. )

Generic Character.

Calyx cinctus involucro rIphy o> rarius 5—6-phyllo,
bracteolis oblongis setaceisve. Carpella capsularia, plu-
rima in orbem disposita. D C. |

Specific Name and Character.

Matva Creeana ; fruticosa, ramis suberectis, foliis trilobatis
incisis subundulatis deltoideo-ovatis stellato-hispidis
basi integerrimis, floribus solitariis axillaribus, petalis _
obcordatis subcrenatis, pedunculis petiolo brevioribus,
involucri foliolis filiformibus.

Matva Creeana. _ Hort.

This, though a small flowered, is an extremely pretty
species of Mallow, and very deserving of cultivation in the
Greenhouse, where it flowers freely in June and July.
We received it at the Edinburgh Botanic Garden, in 1837,
from Mr. Pince, Nurseryman, Exeter ; but 1 know nothing
of its history or of the country from whence it was imported.
In the arrangement of the species, it seems to me, that it
should be placed near to Maxva divaricata.

Descr. Stem shrubby, branched ; branches erect, closely
covered with harsh stellate hairs. Leaves petiolate ; peti-
oles somewhat flattened above, covered like the stem with
similar hairs; lamina rather longer than the petiole, del-
toideo-ovate, blunt, somewhat undulate, green and sparsely
covered with stellate pubescence above, white and more

closely covered with similar pubescence below, the upper
leaves

leaves trilobate, with the central lobe elongated, the lower
less deeply cut into lobes, but all coarsely and unequally
incised, the segments blunt and reflected at their apices ;
stipules filamentoso-subulate. Flowers axillary, solitary, on
peduncles shorter than the petioles. Involucre of three fili-
form leaves. Calyx longer than the invyolucre, deeply five-
cleft, pubescent on the outside, subglabrous and shining
within. Corolla of a uniform rose-colour, cup-shaped, petals
obcordate, and slightly crenate, glabrous except at their
insertion, where they are ciliated. Staminiferous column
hairy. -Pistil equal in length to the stamens, rather shorter
than the petals. Styles about fifteen, combined to about
the middle. Germenhairy. Graham.

>

Fig. 1. Calyx and Pistil, with Bracteas :—magnified.

Swan Se.

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LEYCESTERIA FORMOSA. HANDSOME
LEYCESTERIA.

KEKE EE EEEEEEEEERE
Class and Order.

PentanpriaA Monoeynia.
_( Nat. Ord.—Caprironiacez. )

Generic Character.

Calyx superus, linbo 5-partito inequali. Corolla infun-
dibuliformis, tubo supra basin gibboso, limbo 5-fido suba-
quali. | Filamenta -exserta. Stigma capitatum. Bacca
calycis limbo coronata, 5-locularis, polysperme. Semina
levia, nitida. ’

Specific Name and Synonyms.

Leycesteria * formosa.

Leycesterra formosa. Wallich, in Roxb. Flora Indica,
Carey’s edition, ». 2. p. 182. DC. Prodr. v. 4. p.
338. Wallich, Plante Asiatice Rariores, tab. 120.

This plant was sent to the Botanic Garden, Edinburgh,
from the London Horticultural Society in 1837, and flowered
pretty freely in July, 1838, in moderate heat.

This plant is a native of the Himalaya Mountains, and is
handsome, but its flowers are not very conspicuous, and the
bracteas are not deeply coloured when grown under glass.
It is probable, that the incised state of the leaves also arises
from cultivation, for this peculiarity is not mentioned in

the

* Named by Dr. WaLLicu in compliment to his highly esteemed friend
Wituam Leycrster, Esq., Chief Judge of the principal Native Court,
under the Bengal Presidency, who, during a long series of years, and in
various distant parts of Hindostan, has pursued every branch of horticulture
with a munificence, zeal, and success, which abundantly entitle him to that
distinction.

VOL. XII. Oo

7

the description of native specimens, nor figured by Wat-
ticH. (—That author speaks of it as ‘‘ a charming shrub,
growing wild on the highest mountains surrounding the
valley of Nepal, blossoming from April to October. Its
fruit ripens at the end of the rains, and during the com-
mencement of winter. I have also had it from much more
northerly situations towards Gossain Than. According to
my friend Dr. Govan, it is found in abundance at an eleva-
tion seldom less than eight thousand feet above the plains,
among the Pine and Oak forests of Bishuhur, as at Hutto,
and at Desoo in the Thakooraee of Kioonthul, blossom-
ing from June till August, and called by our natives
Nulkuroo.’’)

Descr. Shrub branching, dark brown and cracked ;
branches opposite, ascending, glabrous, the twigs of a deli-
cate, subglaucous green. Leaves (four inches and a half
long, three and a half broad) petioled, broadly ovato-cor-
date, inciso-lobate,-smaller and more entire upwards, acu-
minate, veined, above of the same colour as the twigs and
glabrous, below paler and slightly pubescent. Pettoles
much shorter than the leaves, generally red, channelled
above, and stem-clasping. Flowers in verticillate, bracteate,
cernuous spikes, terminal, or in the axils of the upper
leaves. Bracteas large, cordato-ovate, acuminate, red-pur-
ple, veined, somewhat hairy. Calyx persisting, superior ;
limb five-parted, segments very unequal, subulate, glandu-
loso-pilose, its throat much contracted, and, with that por-
tion which is dilated over the adhering germen, scattered
with purple glandular hairs. Corolla (nine lines long, se-
- ven across the expanded limb,) white, funnel-shaped, with
a small globular dilatation at its base, where it is inserted
into the base of the calyx-throat, glabrous, its limb five-
partite ; lobes ovate, blunt, spreading ; nectariferous glands
five at the base of the tube. Stamens five, as long as the
corolla, inserted into this and adhering to it, as far as the
throat where they alternate with yellow streaks, below they
alternate with the nectaries, filaments glabrous, filiform ;
anthers versatile, bilocular, bursting along the face ; pollen
cream-coloured, its granules small, globular. Pistil longer
than the flower. St¢gma capitate, obscurely and unequally
lobed ; style filiform, glabrous, articulated at the base.
Germen five-locular; ovules very numerous, pendulous from
central receptacles. Graham.

——

Fig. 1. Flower and Bractea, 2, Calyx and Pistil :—magnified.

W Pitch Delt Fe’ KS Sign
fitter LJ eb, Pub by SS Curtis Hazenywcad I ten Fan* i783 Q Sia Se

( 3700 )

LEONOTIS NEPETZFOLIA. CATMINT-LEAVED
LEONOTIS.

SKK KKK KKK KK KEKE EEE
Class and Order.

DipyNAMIA GYMNOSPERMIA.
( Nat. Ord.—Lasiartz. )

Generic Character.

Calyx 10-striatus, 6—10-dentatus. Corolla galea elon-
gata, barbata, integra ; labium inferius nanum, 3-fidum:
laciniis subequalibus. Anthere lobis divaricatis. Stigma
labio superiore brevior. Br.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Leonoris * nepetefolia ; herbacea, foliis ovatis crenatis, caly-
cis dentibus omnibus spinosis supremo maximo ovato,
corollis (coccineis) calyce vix duplo longioribus.
Benth.

Leonotis nepetefolia. Br. Prodr. Nov. Holl. p. 504. Ker,
Bot. Reg. t. 281. Benth. Lab. p. 618.

Putomis nepetefolia. Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 820.

Leonurus nepetefolia, Mill. Dict. n. 2.

Leonurvus globosus. Mench, Meth. p. 400.

Six species of this handsome Genus are enumerated by
Mr. Benruam in his valuable work on the Lasiara, all of
them natives of Africa: but the present one is found also in
various parts of the continent of India and adjacent islands,
and (probably imported) even in Brazil : and we have spe-
cimens also from Trinidad and Demerara. Seeds are not
unfrequently sent to this country, and occasionally culti-
vated in the stove, though the plant is often too tall, em its

eaves

* From arwy, a lion, and es wns, an ear, froma fancied resemblance in the
flowers to the ears of that animal.

leaves too coarse and common-looking to render ita general
favourite. The specimen here figured flowered in the stove
of the Botanic Garden in July, 1837.

Descr. Stem tall, herbaceous, acutely four-angled, and
furrowed between the angles, obsoletely downy. Leaves
remote, in opposite pairs, on very long stalks: the lower
ones large and broadly heart-shaped, very coarsely serrated,
gradually becoming smaller, narrower, and less serrated
upwards, till at length they are linear, entire, and scarcely
an inch long. Flowers in dense, axillary, remote clusters,
frequently two to three inches in diameter. Bracteas linear-
lanceolate, spinous. Calyx an inch long, tubular, narrow
below and hairy ; upper tooth large, ovate, tapering into a
sharp spine, three lower ones reflexed, two side ones small.
Corolla scarcely longer than the calyx, bright red, and
densely clothed with red velvety hairs, the margins ciliated.
Anthers yellow, protruded.

Fig. 1. Flower :—nat. size.

Swan S¢

fib by S.Curtis Glaxzenwood Essex tJan* 11839

WPilch Del?

62a

STATICE PUBERULA. DoWNY-LEAVED
Canary TuRiFt.

BAR OR OR OR OR ROR OR OR ON RO One
Class an Order.
PENTANDRIA PENTAGYNIA.

( Nat. Ord.—PLuMBAGINEZ. y"

Generic Character.

Flores spicato-paniculati. Calyx 1-phyllus, plicatus,
subseariosus. Petala 5, subconnata. Stamina basi peta-
lorum inserta. Utriculus 1-spermus, ealyce inclusus.

This plant flowers freely in the greenhouse in the Botanic
Garden, Edinburgh, and is ornamental, both when the
white corollas are expanded, and after they have fallen,
when the purple calyces remain as its only ornament.
Professor LinpEy notices a resemblance between this and
S. furfuracea of Lagasca. 1 do not recollect to have seen
S. ‘pectinata, Arr., but judging from the description, | have
a doubt whether it be different from our plant, which, as
well as it, is from one of the Canary Islands.

The figure in Bot. Reg. has far more acute leaves than

the plant ever acquired with us.
Descr.

a

* From craniéw, to stop ; from some of the Genus having been employed
to check dysentery. ;

Descr. Stem short and branching. Leaves obovate,
flat, with a slender recurved mucro, a prominent middle
rib, and a few obscure veins, stellato-pubescent and glau-
cous on both sides, attenuated into a long petiole. Pedun-
cle erect, round at the base, above compressed, twice or
thrice dichotomously corymbose, branches with two wings,
the subdivisions near the top secund and erect, and the
ultimate branches triquetrous. Bractee reddish, pubescent,
sheathing, blunt. Calyx twice as long as the bractezx,
blunt, crenate, purple. Corolla white, funnel-shaped, claws
long, lamine obcordate. Stamens about as long as the

corolla. Styles very slender. Germen green, glabrous.
Graham.

Fig. 1. Flower and Bracteas :—magnified.

JIC?

bis.

Swarm St-

Pub by. S.Curtis. Glazenwood Essex Jani 1839

Whitch Del?

( 3702 )

TRIFOLIUM HYBRIDUM. Mure Wulite
TreroiL; or Tall Dutch Clover.

KKK KKK EEE KEKE EE EE EEE
Class and Order.

DIADELPHIA DECANDRIA.

( Nat. Ord.—Leeuminosz. )

*

Generic Character.

Calyx tubulosus, persistens, glandulosus, 5-fidus, laciniis
subulatis. Carina alis et vexillo brevior. Stamina dia-
delpha. Legumen parvum, vix dehiscens, sepids ovatum,
1—2-spermum, calycem paululim superans.—Herbe. Sti-
pulz petiolo adnate. Folia palmatim tri- aut rarissimé 5-
foliata. Flores capitati aut densé spicati, bracteati, pur-
purer, albi aut ochroleuct. Petala in quibusdam omnia inter
se bast coalita.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Trirotium hybridum ; glabrum, caule erecto flexuoso fistu-
loso polycephalo, foliis longe petiolatis foliolis obovatis
ellipticisve serrulatis, stipulis latis membranaceis acu-
minatis, capitulis globosis subumbellatis, floribus de-
mum deflexis, laciniis calycinis subequalibus tubum
equantibus, leguminibus “ dispermis.”’

Trirotium hybridum. Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 1079. Sm. in Rees’
Cycl—Wahl. Fl. Suec. v. 2. p. 468. (vix De Cand.
Prodr.v. 2. p. 200.) :

Trirorium Michelianum. Savi—De Cand. Prod. v. 2. p.
201.

Trirotiastrum pratense, &c. Mich. Gen. t. 25. f. 2.
(not 6.)

Meuitotus qui Trifolium orientale, &c. Vall. Par. t, 22.

2S.

_ A native, it would appear, of a large portion of the con-
tinent of Europe, from Italy to Sweden, and not unworthy
a

a place in the flower-border on account of its pretty, numer-
ous, and long-continued flowers, and of being cultivated in
the fields as an excellent food for cattle. Our plant, which
flowers in June and July in the Glasgow Botanic Garden,
entirely accords with Sir James Smitu’s description, drawn
up from the original specimen of Linnazus, and also with
the figures to which he and Linnzus refer. With this, the
T. Michelianum of Savi and De Canpo._e seems to corres-
pond: but whether the T. hybridum of those authors be
really different, or only a variety, I cannot take upon me to
determine, without having recourse to authentic specimens.
Descr. Plant everywhere glabrous. Stems several from
the same root, simple or slightly branched, hollow, striated,
zigzag, erect, about a foot high. Leaves upon long foot-
stalks: leaflets varying considerably in shape, ovate or ob-
long, sometimes nearly obovate, not unfrequently rhom-
boidal, sharply serrated. Stipules large, broadly ovate,
acuminate, membranous, white, streaked with green. Pe-
duncles solitary, axillary, much longer than the leaf, erect,
or nearly so, striated. Head of flowers globose, dense. The
flowers at first erect, and then pale rose coloured, at length
reflexed with the corollas persistent, orange brown. Pedi-
cels short. Calyx white, membranous, with five green ribs,
and five nearly equal, subulate teeth as long as the tube.
Vexillum acuminated. Wings blunt, much shorter than the
vexillum, a little longer than the rather acute keel.

Fig. 1. Flower :—magnified.

Swan

Witch Del? Pub by: 8.Curtes . Glazenwood Essex Jan? 11839

( 3703 )

-PHACELIA TANACETIFOLIA. ‘'TANSY-LEAVED
PuaAcELIA.

Je EEE
Class and Order.

Penranpria Monoeynia.

( Nat. Ord.—Hyproruytes. )

a 7

Generic Character.

Corolla decidua. Ovarium ovoideo-globosum, piloso-
hispidum. Placente \ineares, sepius dorso parietibus ova-
rii adnate, biovulate. Capsula dissepimentis subcompletis
pseudo-bilocularis—Herbe annue vel perennes, erecteé vel
diffuse. Flores racemost, densi, sessiles, vel laxi peduncu-
lati, cymis unilateralibus simplicibus vel dichotomis. Benth.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Puaceuia tanacetifolia ; scabro-hispida, foliis equaliter pin-
natis, pinnis pinnatifidis segmentis ovatis inciso-denta-
tis, spicis densis circinnatis corymbosis, calycis laciniis
linearibus patenti-hispidis, staminibus exsertis.

Puacexia tanacetifolia. Benth. in Linn. Trans. N.S. 2. 1.
p. 479. Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1696. :

An inhabitant of California, whence its seeds were sent by
Mr. Dove as to the Horticultural Society of London. It is
a species in some respects approaching my Puacetta con-
gesta (Bot. Mag. t. 3452) discovered by Mr. DrumMonp in
Texas almost at the same time that the present species was
detected on the Pacific side of North America. But besides
the difference in foliage, the present species has the flowers
much more spicate, of a more purplish colour, and less
vivid hue: still it is a most desirable addition to our hardy
annual plants: flowering in June and July.

Descr. Stem erect, but weak, rounded, branched, it

culent

culent and brittle, clothed with scattered hairs, so rigid
as to be almost prickles. Leaves rough with short rigid
hairs, alternate, five to six inches long, ovate in their
circumscription, pinnated with equal pinne, or only becom-
ing gradually smaller at both extremities: these pinne are
oblong-lanceolate, patent, pinnatifid, the segments ovate,
obtuse, inciso-dentate ; the rachis grooved above. Pedun-
cles terminal, elongated, bearing a corymb of from four to
six spikes of dense, unilateral, circinnate flowers : the lower
ones on short pedicels. Calyx cut into five very deep,
unequal, linear segments, which are erect, and clothed with
long, patent, rather rigid, white hairs. Corolla longer than
the calyx, subcampanulate, reddish - purple, five-lobed :
within the tube, alternating with the lobes, are five pairs of
delicate, fringed, and incurved scales, and between each
pair arise the filaments of the stamen, which are longer
than the corolla. Germen ovate, clothed with long, silky
hairs above. Style bifid, or almost bipartite, the segments
filiform. Sétigmas acute.

Fig. 1. Flower. 2. Portion of the Corolla with the Scales at the base
ofa Filament. 3. Anther. 4. Pistil :—magnified.

o9
— Se

—

W Fitch det? artes. 6
Fub.by 8. Curtts.Glaxenwood Essex Jan!) J839 —

( 3704 )

- MARSHALLIA C@#sPITOsSA. ‘TUFTED
MARSHALLIA.

KKK KK KKK KEKE EEE EEE
Class and Order.

SynGenEsiA AUQUALIS.
(Nat. Ord —Composirz. Div. Senecionipex. D C.)

Generic Character.

Capitulum homogamum. Involucrum 1—2-seriale, squa-
mz lineari-lanceolate aquales. Receptaculum convexum
paleis linearibus acutis ouustum. Corolle tubulose 5-den-
tate, extus hirsute. Styli rami exappendiculati. Achenium
turbinato - subquinquangulum, pubescens seu_villosum.
Pappi palee 5, enervie, elliptice, acuminate, integre.—
Herb Boreali- Americane perennes. Folia alterna integra.
Capitula terminalia solitaria purpurascentia non male Scabi-
osarum capit. referentia. DC.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Marsuarua cespitosa; glabra cespitosa, caule simplici
aphylio 1-cephalo, foliis elongato- et lato-linearibus
subobtusis integerrimis, involucri squamis oblongo-
linearibus obtusis, paleis receptaculi linearibus. D C.

Marsuarwia cespitosa. Nutt. MSS. in Herb. nostr.—De
Cand. Prod. v. 5. p. 680.

Marsnatuia isa Genus named in 1791, in compliment to
Mr. H. Marsuatt, who wrote a Natural History of the Trees
and Shrubs of North America, a country to which the spe-
cies are wholly confined. Micnaux called it Persoonia, an
appellation which Smirx had dedicated to a different plant :
and it is the Trarrenicxia of Persoon (not Witxp.). Mr-
cHAux described three species, the M. latifolia, M. angusti-

folia, and M. lanceolata, A fourth, that now under consid-
eration,

eration, was discovered by Mr. Nurrat in the Red River
Territory, by Bertenprer at Villa de Austin in Texas, and
by Drummonp in Galveston Bay of the same country. It was
sent to the subscribers to the latter Naturalist in his third
Texas Collection, n. 174, and seeds having been likewise
transmitted from Galveston, they have succeeded, and the
plants have flowered in July and August, in a cool frame of
the Glasgow Botanic Garden. The species, it must be con-
fessed, nearly approaches the M. lanceolata, which Dr Can-
poe has described, (erroneously, so far as my authentic
specimens will enable me to judge,) as having obovate
leaves ; but I think it is really distinct, having much nar-
rower scales to the involucre, and quite linear ones on the
receptacle. De Canpouze justly compares the plant to an
ArmertiA, and a number of them cultivated close together
have a very pretty effect to the eye.

Descr. Root perennial. Stems tufted, a foot or more
high, simple, leafy only below, the rest quite naked, striat-
ed, slightly downy, especially upwards. Leaves lanceolate
or linear-lanceolate, glabrous, three-nerved, entire, the
lowest one tapering into a long slender stalk, the upper
ones nearly sessile. Head of flowers solitary, large, convex.
Involucre of many linear-lanceolate, nearly equal scales, in
about two rows. Florets all tubular, five-cleft and deeply
so, rose colour, afterwards white, downy externally. Ache-
nium obovate, with five rough angles. Pappus of five
broad, ovato-acuminate, serrated, membranous scales. An-
ther-tube considerably protruded, brown. Scales of the re-
ceptacle linear, much shorter than the flower.

Fig. 1. Flower. 2. Flower more adyanced, with the Corolla withering.
8. Achenium and Pappus :—magnified.

Swarr Si

od Assex Feb? Z 18. 39,

>

ib, by S. Curtis Glaxenwo

Lr

( 3705 )
Oncipium Forgesi. Mr. Forses’
OnciptuM. “

*

Class and Order.

GynanpriA Monanpria.
(.Nat. Ord.—Orcuinea. )

Generic Character.

Perianthium explanatum. Sepala sepius undulata : late-
ralibus nune sub labello connatis. Petala conformia. La-
bellum maximum, ecalcaratum, cum columna continuum,
varie lobatum, basi tuberculatum v. cristatum. Columna
libera, semiteres, apice utrinque alata. Anthera semibilo-
cularis, rostello nune abbreviato, nunc elongato rostrato.
Pollinia 2, postice sulcata; eaudicula plana; glandula ob-
longa.—Herbe epiphyte, nunc pseudo-bulbose. Folia cori-
acea. Scapi paniculati.vaginati, rarius simplices. Flores
speciost, lutet, sepius maculati, raro albi. Lindl. i

Specific Name and Character.

Oncipium Forbesi ; pseudo-bulbis oblongis sulcatis com-
pressis monophyllis, folio lanceolato coriaceo, scapo
paniculato multifloro, sepalis recurvo-patentibus peta-
Jisque (duplo majoribus) obovatis undulatis subungui-
culatis, labelli disco basi tuberculato-cristato lobis
Jateralibus parvis oblongis intermedio maximo flabelli-
formi, columne alis parvis angulatis.

A very rare inhabitant of the Organ Mountains, where it
was discovered by Mr. Garpner in 1837, and whence it
was sent by the same zealous Collector to his distinguished
patron, his Grace the Duke of Bedford at Woburn Abbey.
I have named it in compliment to the very able Horticul-
turist who has the charge of that noble collection, o by

whose

VOL. Xi. P

whose judicious care, so many rarities, both of Mr. Garp-
ner and of other Collectors, have been brought to a high
state of perfection. Among the dried specimens there is
only one of this species, and that is marked “ very rare :
only one plant was found ;”’ and that is numbered 442 of
the Organ Mountains’ Collection. In the stoveat Woburn
the specimen here represented blossomed in October, 1838.
As a species, it comes near Oncip1um crispum, Bot. Mag. t.
3499, but the panicle is much larger, bearing more copious
flowers; these flowers are very differently coloured and
marked: the crest and side-lobes, and still more the column,
present also amply sufficient characters of distinction, the
latter being considerably smaller, with very short, angled,
by no means serrated, wings.

Descr. Pseudo-bulbs small for the size of the plant, ob-
long, compressed, sulcated, producing a solitary, lanceolate,
coriaceous, rather acute, dark green leaf. Scape from the
base of the pseudo-bulb, a foot or more high, and bearing
a large, very handsome panicle of numerous flowers. Sepals
obovate, small, somewhat clawed, recurvo-patent, waved :
petals twice their size, patent, obovato-rotundate, shortly
clawed, waved: they and the sepals are of a rich, glossy,
reddish-brown colour, spotted, chiefly round the margin,
with yellow ;—the sepals are somewhat banded with the
same colour; behind theyare greenish. Lip, in colour resem-
bling the petals, three-lobed ; the disk at the base crested
with unequal-sized tubercles, yellow, spotted with brown ;
the two side-lobes very small, oblong, the intermediate lobe
large and fan-shaped. Column small and short, with two
comparatively narrow and angled wings. Anther-case
hemispherical, containing two small cells. Pollen-masses

yellow, stalked, and bearing a small, oblong gland or cau-
diculus.

Fig. 1. Column and lower portion of the Labellum. 2. Inside view of
the Anther-case. 3. Pollen-masses :—magnified.

570 0.

IQG9 Swam Se

dab Tipfh ’ 7 . ;
Wfidtch. Dab fue by S.Curtis Glaztenwoe

( 3706 )
EUTOCA DIVARICATA. STRAGGLING EurToca.

SEK K KKK KEKE KKK EKER EKEEKE
Class and Order.

Pentanpria Monoeynia.
( Nat. Ord.—Hyproruy.tez. )

Generic Character.

Corolla decidua. Ovarium ovoideo-globosum, piloso-
hispidum. Placente lineares, dorso parietibus ovarii adnate,
4-multi-ovulatea, Capsula dissepimentis incompletis, semi-
bilocularis—Herbe annue (?) sepius erecte habitu Pha-
celiz, rarius diffuse vel divaricate. Flores racemost densi
sessiles, vel laxi pedunculati, cymis unilateralibus simpli-
cibus vel dichotomis. Benth. |

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Evutoca divaricata ; caulibus dichotome divaricatis, foliis
omnibus ovatis indivisis, placentis 12—20-ovulatis.
Benth. :

Evrtoca divaricata. Benth. in Linn. Soc. Trans. . 17. p.
278. Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1784. d

A Californian plant, for which our gardens are indebted
to the late Mr. Dovetas. It is a hardy annual, which does
not suffer in Scotland by the droughts of summer, as it is
said to do in England. Its appearance, rather, is more in-
jured, being of humble growth, from the soil being dashed
upon its foliage and flowers by our rains. The drawing
was made in August, when the plants were in the highest
perfection in the Glasgow Botanic Garden.

Descr. Herbaceous, annual. Stems weak, flexuose,
frequently decumbent and dichotomously branched, downy.
Leaves hairy, remote, ovate, the lower ones on rather long
petioles, the upper ones gradually with shorter stalks, and
at length sessile ; all of them simple, quite entire. Flowers

in

in terminal heads, rather large, handsome. Calyx deeply
5-partite, with the lacinie lanceolate. Corolla between
rotate and campanulate, purplish-blue, veined, almost white
at the base. Stamens five, nearly as long as the corolla,
arising from its base, and having a white membranous scale
alternating with them. ‘Pistil oval, hairy ; Style filiform :
Stigma bifid. Capsule separating into two valves, each
valve bearing on the centre several large, oval, dotted
seeds.

Fig. 1. Corolla. 2. Pistil. 3. Capsule. 4. Seed :—more or less mag-
nified.

3707.

MS Withers del* Pub by S.Curtis Glasenwocd Essex, Feb? 12839. ; Swan Sc-

( 3707 )

POLYSTACHIA GRANDIFLORA. LARGE-

©

FLOWERED POLYSTACHYA.

EEE EERER EE EEE EERE SE
Class and Order.

GynanpriA Monanpria.
7 a

( Nat. Ord.—Orcmpez. ) i: :

| Generic Character.

'Sepdis erecta, acuta ; lateralibus majoribus cum basi pro-
ducta columne iconnatis. Petala minora. Labellum ses-
sile cum basi producta columnz articulatum, trilobum.
Columna semiteres, brevis. Anthera bilocularis. Pollinia
A collateralia, equalia, per paria coherentia.—Herbe epi-
phyte caulescentes nunc pseudo-bulbose. Folia leviter
mervosa. Flores paniculati, pare, alabastris trigonis.
Lindl. _

. Specific Character and Synonyms.

Potystacaia grandiflora ; pseudo-bulbis parvis monophyl-
lis, folio lineari- -oblongo carnoso, pedunculo terminali
‘ subunifloro, flore recto (mon resupinato), sepalis. mu-
~ eronatis lateralibus quadru plo majoribus, petalis minu-
tis oblongo-spathulatis, la ello carnoso trilobo lobo —

intermedio cordato acuto. —
Porysracuis grandiflora. Lindl. MSS. ©
Limoporun ‘eucullatum. Af. in Pers. Syn. Pl. v. 2.p. 52. ‘

Lindl. Gen. et Spec. Orchid. Pp 185.

pees

This ‘Grendy Sriaeating babs is Kishen by Dr. Liyp-
LEY to Porystacuia, and no- doubt correctly so; 1 es
must confess, that my faith is somewhat shaken in the
Genus, on seeing how closely this borders on Maxriraria,
in which I had unhesitatingly arranged the present plant,
till Dr. Linpiey’s decision was communicated to me by
by Mr. Attcarp. The only difference I can find aor’: |

the

the two Genera is this, (which indeed is considered charac-
teristic of the respective Tribes to which they are referred, )
that in Mataxipez (including Vanpa,) there is no real cau-
dicula to the pollen-masses, while VanpEx, (where Maxit-
LARIA is placed) is furnished with an elastic or transparent
strap or caudicula to the pollen-masses. But Maxiiiaria
squalens, (Bot. Mag. t. 2955) M. racemosa (t. 2789), and
M. Parkeri (t. 2729), and other acknowledged Maxinzariaz,
are quite destitute of this caudicula. To whatever Genus,
however, the present plant is referred, it is a very distinct
and a very interesting one, a native of Sierra Leone, whence
it was imported by our valued friend, Joun Attcarp, Esq.
In October, 1838, it flowered in the stove of that gentleman,
who obligingly sent us the accompanying drawing by Mrs.
Wiruners, Botanical Painter to Her Majesty the Dowager
Queen Adelaide, together with a specimen, from which the
following account is drawn up.

Descr. Stems, or pseudo-bulbs, slender, cylindrical, tufted ;
bearing a single linear-oblong, fleshy, dark green leaf at the
extremity: from the base of this leaf and from the summit
of the pseudo-bulb arises the flower-stalk, about equal in
length with the leaf, sheathed with scales, and having a
single erect (not resupinate), moderately large, greenish
flower, with purple blotches : sometimes there are the rudi-
ments of a second blossom. Every part of the flower, but
especially the lip, is singularly firm, and between fleshy and
coriaceous. Sepals slightly spreading : the lowest one the
smallest : all concave, almost cucullate and mucronate at the
point. Petals very small, oblongo-spathulate. Column very
short, at least the free part, the rest remarkably decurrent
with the lateral sepals. Lip obovato-oblong, three-lobed,
the disk, with a large slightly elevated gland ; the side-lobes
incurved ; the middle one cordate. Anther-case conico-
obtuse, two-celled. Pollen-masses yellow, globose, two-

lobed, fixed by a short, yellow stalk to an oblong, trans-
verse, dark-brown gland.

i 1, Front view of an inverted Flower, that is, in the usual position of
the Flowers of an OrcHIDEa. 2. Lip. 3. Anther-case 4, Pollen-masses:
—magnified.

c

2, et

2
“

by ‘SCurtis Glaxenwood Essex Pe! 218

ys
‘3
®

( 3708 )

MonAcHANTHUS FIMBRIATUS. FIMBRIATED
MonkK-FLOWER.

Class and Order.

Gynanpria Monanpria.
( Nat. Ord.—OrcuiweE. )

Generic Character.

Perianthium explanatum. Sepala et petala equalia de-
orsum versa. Labellum posticum, carnosum, indivisum,
ventricosum, sepalis multo majus. Columna brevis, crassa,
mutica. Anthera et pollinia Cataseti—Epiphyte Cataseti
habitu. Lindl.

Specific Character and Synonym.

Monacuantuus fimbriatus; labello longissimo fimbriato
intus pubescente.
Monacuantuus fimbriatus. Gardner, MSS.

This plant certainly belongs to the Genus Mowaceaderievs,
agreeing, as it does, with that species, M. viridis, on which
Livptey founded the Genus, in general habit, in its mode
of inflorescence, and in having all its sepals and petals
turned in the same direction. The posterior situation of
the labellum, which covers the other parts of the flower like
a helmet, together with its fleshy structure, and the green
colour of the blossoms, assimilate it with MonacHanTHvs.

pseudo- -bulbs, and the many-flowered scape, and still
remarkably in its three-lobed fringe and labellum, and the
excavated column. Although I have twice met with M.
viridis in blossom in the province of Rio Janeiro, yet as it
always so happened that the anther and pollen-masses had
disappeared, it is impossible for me to institute a over:
son of the two species, so far as regards these orga

1 found it growing on dry sandy banks, beneath the
shade of some low shrubs, beyond the village of Apipucas,
about ten miles West from Pernambuco, in Novy., 1837.

Descr. Pseudo-bulbs about six inches long, bearing the
scars of from six to eight leaves. Only one of the six
pseudo-bulbs which were on the specimen that I found pro-
duced two lanceolate, acuminated, slightly plicate, three-
ribbed leaves, about seven inches long; it was, however,
covered with the withered sheaths of former leaves. Scape
arising from the base of the leafy pseudo-bulb, fifteen inches
long, with four articulations in its lower half, the base of
each surrounded by a membranous sheath, about a quarter
of an inch in length, split on one side. The upper portion
of the scape bears nine alternate, pedicellated flowers ; the
three lower ones about an inch distant from each other, the
upper ones only half an inch apart. Pedicels, including
the germen, about an inch long, at first ascending, then
curving a little downwards. At the base of each pedicel,
there is an ovato-lanceolate bractea, about a quarter of an
inch long, closely pressed to it. Perianth spreading open,
entirely of a yellowish-green colour ; Sepals three, linear,
apiculate, submembranaceous, all turned downwards in a
direction parallel to each other. Petals two, linear-oblong,
fleshy, a little longer than the sepals, but equally turned in
the same downward direction. Labellum posterior, fleshy,
ventricose, a little flattened from above downwards, three-
lobed ; the lobes about equal, fringed with long, mostly
bifid fimbriz, those on the middle lobe shorter than on the
lateral ones. Column declinate, somewhat triangular, its
base bounded by a slightly elevated, entire, fleshy crest,
with a sinus in its middle, which curves a little into the
labellum ; its middle portion excavated with a reniform
opening, and its upper portion has a hollow for the recep-
tion of the pollen-masses. Anther hemispherical, crowned
by a fleshy, strap-shaped body, which adheres to the side
of it, but is free at the upper extremity; subbilocular.
Pollen-masses two, ovate, compressed, sulcated behind, of

a waxy yellow colour. Ovary, in its early state, cylindrical
and sulcated.

Fig. 1. Flower. 2. Lip :—smagnified.

5709.

W Fitch hei.

4 ab by S. Curtis. Glarenwood Essex Feb? 11034 Swan Se.

( 3709 )

SoOPHRONITIS GRANDIFLORA. [LARGE-
FLOWERED SOPHRONITIS.

KEE KEE EEE EEE EERE EEE
Class and Order.

GynanpriA Monanpria.
( Nat. Ord.—Orcuipez. )

Generic Character.

Pollinia 8, antice et postice parallela, caudicula duplici
pulverea, glandula 0? Anthera terminalis opercularis 8-—
locularis, cardine crasso. Stigma concavum rostello ob-
tuso. Columna libera apice utrinque alata, alis integris
conniventibus super cristam labelli. Labellum integrum
cucullatum linguiforme, basi cum columna connatum, me-
dio crista simplici transversa. Sepala subequalia imbri-
cata, basi libera.—Herbe epiphyte (Brasilienses) mono-
phylle, non bulbose, racemis axillaribus effusis paucifloris,
floribus rubris. Lindl.

Specific Character and Sy i

Sopuronitis grandiflora ; pseudo-bulbis oblongo-cylindra-
ceis junioribus spathaceis apice monophyllis, folio
elliptico, petalis elliptico-rotundatis, sepalis oblongo-
lanceolatis subduplo minoribus, labello (parvo) trilobo,
lobis lateralibus incurvis obtusis, intermedio acumi-
nato planiusculo.

Sornronitis grandiflora. Lindl. Sertum Orchidaceum, tab.
5, f. 2.

ye coccinea. Lindl. Bot. Reg. fol. 1919 (in text. ).

Epipenpre ponceau. ‘“ Descourtilz’s Drawings, pl. 10.

fe fee

This lovely Orchideous plant is figured by Dr. Linptey
from a drawing executed, as it would appear, in the native
country of the species by M. Descourtizz, and he has, I

think,

think, rightly followed the suggestion of making it a So-
pHRonitis. The credit of introducing the plant alive to
this country is due to Mr. Garpner, who found it in the
Organ Mountains of Brazil and sent it home in 1837.
The station given by M. Descouruirz is upon the high
mountains that separate the district of Bananal from that
of Ilha Grande.

Descr. Pseudo-bulbs clustered, oblong, rounded, the
young ones clothed with cylindrical membranaceous sheaths,
of which the upper one forms a kind of spatha to the base
of the flower-stalk : the base of the bulb throws out a few
greenish-white roots, the upper portion bears a solitary ellip-
tical leaf, about two inches long. Flower, of which the
narrow ovary tapers into a short peduncle, solitary ; blossom
large and very handsome, internally of an uniform red colour
inclining to orange, with darker red streaks. Sepals and
petals spreading horizontally and nearly flat: the former
oblong-lanceolate, much smaller than the latter, which are
elliptico-rotundate, slightly waved. Lip small, standing
forward, ovate, the base yellow, three-lobed, obscurely
bitubercled at the base: the two broad side-lobes involute so
as to cover the column, the middle lobe acuminate, nearly
flat. Column short, white, tinged with red, having a tooth
or wing on each side the stigma. Anther with eight cells
and eight almost triangular pollen-masses.

Fig. 1. Lip. 2. Inside view of ditto. 3. Side view of the Column. 4.
Front view of ditto. 5. Anther-case showing the Cells. 6. Pollen-masses :
—magnified.

30.

SwareS ¢

Pub by S Curtis Hazenwood Esse Feb” 17839

W Herbert Del

( 3710 )

PHALOCALLIS PLUMBEA. LEAD-COLOURED
PHALOCALLIS.

KEKE KEE KEKEKEKREREEE EERE
Class and Order.

TrianpriA Monoeynia.
( Nat. Ord.—Iriwacesz. )

Generic Character.

Perianthium infra erateriforme, sepalis majoribus superne
patentibus, petalis superne compressis revolutis. Filamenta
brevia conica basi connata apice reflexo. Anthere loculis
longis latere dehiscentibus medio angustiores superne styli
lobis agglutinate. Stylus trigono-cyathiformis infra gra-
cili-cylindricus, superne trilobus. Stigmata brevia trans-
versa biloba obtusa emarginata, loborum cristis externis
duabus petaloideis reflexis, internis fere obsoletis. Capsula
triquetro-oblonga tenuiter membranacea, operculo obsoleto
(quoad vidi) indehiscens ; semina subplana alato-margi-
nata. W. H.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Puatocatuis plumbea ; foliis subglaucis plicatis acutis, caule
foliis longe altiore 2—4-pedali bracteato ex axilla imi
folii prodeunte, spatha subtriunciali pedunculo trigono
subequali adpressa, flore unico matutino fugacissimo,
germine subunciali, sepalis circiter 33 unc. patentibus
pallidé plumbeis inferne pubescentibus unguibus lutes-
centibus, petalis infra lutescentibus transversé macu-
latis, medio saturatioribus gibbis lateralibus purpureis
pubescentibus, apice luteis subacutis, filamentis annulo
ad basin purpureo medio bimaculatis, antheris con-
nectivo pallido polline ceruleo, cristis in conum re-
flexis plumbeis, stylo et stigmatibus pallidis, seminibus
badiis alato-marginatis circiter 75 unc. latis. W. H.

Cyrpetta plumbea. Lindley, Bot. Reg. t. 24. Misc. Not.

pit.
. This

This very remarkable plant, though its flower is delicate
and beautiful, disappoints the expectation by producing,
as far as I have seen, on its strong and tall stem only one
blossom, which expands before sunrise, even in a dark
room, and passes away ere noon. Some bulbs of this plant
have been raised in England from Mexican seeds, and others
have been received by Mr. Anpgrson of the Chelsea Garden,
from Mr. Orro at Berlin. The specimen here represented
flowered in the autumn at Spofforth, being of the latter
importation. The pot had stood out of doors all the sum-
mer, but the flower-buds appeared so late, owing to the
unusual coldness of the season, that it was removed into
the stove to promote the blossom. There was a consider-
able interval between the flowering of the bulbs. It will
probably be found to succeed well under a South wall in
the open ground. Dr. Linptey has referred it to the Genus
Cyretia; but on mature consideration, it does not appear
that it can be properly united with it ; and, although it
seeds readily if the true stigma be touched with its own
pollen, it refuses to cross with Cypeiia Herbertiana. On
careful examination of the Natural Order to which it be-
longs, it appears that the crests of the stigmas or style and
the dehiscence of the capsule are very material points, and
and it disagrees with Cyretxa, in having the true stigma
consisting of short two-lobed, transverse, tender lobes like
those of Iris, (whereas those of Cypenca are long’, acute, .
horny, and fringed on their upper surface,) and the outer
crests petaloid, which in Cypetia are horny; the inner
crests soft and almost obsolete and imperceptible, whereas
those of Cypetxa are stiff and erect. It has also a capsule
without any prominent opercle, except a minute point,
and has ripened its seed here without any dehiscence,
the coat of the capsule being very thin and perishable ;
whereas the capsule of CypeLia opens at the end by the
sutures of a very prominent opercle. The seeds of PHato-
cALLIs are nearly flat, with a thin margin, while those of
Cypetta are angular, and its whole fruit more like that of
Ticriia. The generic name is given from the delicacy of
the cone formed by the crests. The proper generic charac-
ter of Cypretza will be,—‘ Perianthium et filamenta ut in
Phalocallide. Anthere \oculis latere dehiscentibus basi
latiores superne angustiores et styli lobis agglutinate. Sty-
lus trigono-cyathiformis infra gracili-cylindricus superne
trilobus. Stigmata distincté biloba acuta porrecta cornea
superne fimbriata, cristis acutis corneis, externis dudbus
ee majoribus

majoribus reflexis, internis erectis. Capsula operculi pro-
minentis suturis dehiscens. Semina angulata, W.H. Mr.
Ker referred Cypetia Herbertiana to Marica, with which it
does not conform. The name Marica was improperly sub-
stituted by Scurzser for the Cipurz of Auster, and the latter
appellation must be restored to paludosa. The name Ma-
rica will be properly restricted to the plants which conform
with Northiana, Sabiniana, and cerulea, distinguished gene-
rically by a coriaceous, reflexly dehiscent capsule with an-
gular, oblong seeds, which are comparatively large, and by
erect, acute, external and internal crests to the true stigmas,
which are short and transverse. The root in that Genus is
fibrous ; the stalk flat, leaflike, and proliferous. Cypetna
Herbertiana has a branched stalk, with many-flowered
spathes, and produces, from the beginning of July till
November, a constant succession of flowers, which are not
fugaceous, lasting, in cool weather, two or three days.*

This opportunity may be taken to record a remarkable
new Genus, of which a live specimen in flower has been sent
to Spofforth by Mr. Loppiges, imported, as he states, from
Valparaiso, being the first Cyrtanthiform plant found else-
where than in South Africa. Nat. Ord. AmaryLumacen.
Sub. Ord. Amaryutinez. § Cyrrantuirormes (next after
GastronemA). Cypnonema. Pedunculi erecti. Germen
trigono-oblongum erectum. Tubus rectus infra gracili-
cylindricus superne campanulatus. Limbus regularis re-
flexus. Stylus gracilis rectus stigmate trifario. Filamenta
incurvata, sepalina tubi medio petalina altits adnata. Spec.
1. Cypnonema Loddigesianum, floribus binis 14 uncialibus
subalbidis viridi-striatis. Named from the curved fila-
ments. W. H.

* Mr. LoppicEs, having been requested to reconsider whether the bulb of
CYPHONEMA certainly came from Valparaiso, stated, that he had many
bulbs imported from the Cape in the same house with his Chilian bulbs, and
that, although he considered the CypHONEMa to have been one of the latter,
it is possible that there may have beena mistake. PHaLocaLuis plumbea,
if protected from frost, seems disposed to preserve its foliage after flowering
through the winter.

Dissections of PHALOCALLIS plumbea. 1. Style and Stamina, magnified.
2. Back of a Stamen straightened. 3. Front of ditto. 4. Style. 5. One
Lobe thereof. 10. Seeds. 11. Ripe Capsule-—OfCypretia Herbertiana.
6. Front of a Stamen. 7. Back of ditto. 8, Style and one Stamen. 9.
One lobe of the Style. 12. Ripe Capsule and Seed. The Capsules are not

of the utmost size.

YN D: & X,

In which the Latin Names of the Plants contained in the Twelfth
Volume of the New Series (or Sizty-jifth of the Work) are

alphabetically arranged.

Pi.
3654 Agave Americana, var. foliis
_ Variegatis.
3640 Aristolochia saccata.
3678 Arthrostemma versicolor.
3679 Aspasia variegata.
3649 Bartonia aurea.
3633 Carica citriformis.
3693 Cattleya guttata, 6. Russell-
lana.
3669 -— Mossie.
3656 - pumila.
8662 Centaurea depressa.
3651 Cereus pentalophus, 8. subar-
ticulatus.
3641 Chenopodium Quinoa.
3695 Collinsia heterophylla.
3644 Colletia horrida.
3648 Cymbidium triste.
3643 Dendrobium aggregatum.
3655 Diplacus puniceus.
3627 Echinocactus tubiflorus.
3658 Epacris microphylla.
3637 Epidendrum floribundum.

3638 tessellatum.
3666 viridi- purpureum.

3639 Erica florida, var. campanulata.
8673 Euphorbia Jacquiniflora.
3706 Eutoca divaricata.

3657 Funckia albo-marginata.
3663 - Sieboldiana.
3659 Gesnera fascialis.

3664 — tuberosa.

3680 Gladiolus Mortonius.
3660 Govenia Gardneri.

3687 Gongora maculata.

3689 Helianthus mollis.

3696 Hypoxis stellipilis.
3665 Ipomea Bonariensis.
3685 - Platensis.

3675 Ismene Macleana.

3652 Kennedya nigricans.
3699 Leycesteria formosa.
3700 Leonotis nepetefolia.
3626 Lisianthus Russellianus.

te
3632 Loasa lateritia.
3671 Lobelia Bridgesii.
3650 Lophospermum scandens.
3698 Malva Creeana.
3642. Mammillaria atrata.

3647 floribunda.
8634 Lehmanni.
8646 tenuis.

3704 Marshallia cespitosa.

3629 Maxillaria aureo-fulva.

3691 Melocactus depressus.

3690 Merendera Caucasica.

3708 Monachanthus fimbriatus.

3705 Oncidium Forbesii.

3697 Passiflora incarnata.

3635 nigelliflora.

3636 Tucumanensis.

3692 Pavonia Schrankii.

3645 Pentstemon diffusus.

3688 ——————- glandulosus.

3661 eee gentianoides.

3703. Phacelia tanacetifolia.

3710 Phalocallis plumbea.

3682 Pleurothallis Grobyi.

3707 Polystachia grandiflora.

3676 Potentilla glabra.

8668 Pyrus arbutifolia.

3653 Rehmannia Chinensis.

3670 Rhododendron albifiorum.

3667 nudiflorum ;
var. scintillans (hybridum).

3672 Solanum campanulatum.

3684 ————— fragrans.

3677 Sophronitis cernua.

3709 grandiflora.

3681 Spathodea pentandra.

3701 Statice puberula,

3702 Trifolium hybridum.

3630 Tweedia versicolor.

3628 Verbena incisa.

3694 teucrioides.

3683 Veronica prostrata, y. saturei-
eefolia,

3686_Zygopetalon maxillare.

3674 —— Murrayanum.

~

INDE X,

In which the English Names of the Plants contained in the 7welfth
Volume of the New Series (or Sizty-fifth of the Work) are

alphabetically arranged.

+>

Ft

3654 Aloe, great American, with
variegated leaves.

3675 Amancaes, Mr. M’Lean’s.

3668 Aronia, Arbutus-leaved.

8678 Arthrostemma, changeable-
flowered.

3679 Aspasia, variegated.

3649 Bartonia, golden.

3640 Birthwort, pouch-flowered.

3656 Cattleya, dwarf.

3669 Mrs. Moss’s superb.

3693 spotted, Lord Edward
Russell’s var.

3662 Centaury, prostrate.

3651 Cereus, five-winged, somewhat

. jointed var.

3702 Clover, Mule white Trefoil, or
tall Dutch.

3644 Colletia, bristling.

3695 Collinsia, variable-leaved.

3648 Cymbidium, lurid-flowered.

3643 Dendrobium, close-flowered.

3655 Diplacus, scarlet-flowered.

3658 Epacris, small-leaved.

3638 Epidendrum, chequer-flowered

3637 many-flowered,
3666 ——. purplish-green.
3631 warty-fruited.

3673 Euphorbia, or Spurge, Jac-
quinia-flowered.

3706 Eutoca, straggling.

3663 Funckia, Dr. Siebold’s.

3657 variegated.
3659 Gesnera, gaping-flowered.
3664 tuberous-rooted.

3680 Gladiolus, Mr. Morton’s.
3687 Gongora, spotted.
3660 Govenia, Mr. Gardner’s Bra-
zilian.
3639 Heath, drooping, round-head-
ed bell-flowered var.
3696 Hypoxis, starry-haired.
3665 Ipomea, Buenos-Ayres.
aie ‘ta the Plata.
sdya, dingy-flowered.
8700 Leonotis, Cat-mint leaved.
3699 Leycesteria, handsome.
3626 Lisianthus, Duke of Bedford’s.

= . : oe ere red-flowered.

|

| 3697

Ft.
3650 Lophospermum, climbing.
3698 Mallow, showy, red-flowered.
3647 Mammillaria, copious-flower-

ing.
3642 dark green.
3634 Lehmann’s.
3646 — taper.

3704 Marshallia, tufted.

3629 Maxillaria, golden-brown.

3628 Melindres, cut-leaved.

3691 Melocactus, depressed.

3690 Merendera, Caucasian.

3708 Monk-flower, fimbriated.

3684 Nightshade, fragrant South
American.

3705 Oncidium, Mr. Forbes’.

3633 Papaw, small citron-fruited.

3636 Passion-flower, large-stipuled.

3635 Nigella-flow-

ered.

yellow-fruited
Virginian.

3692 Pavonia, Schrank’s.

3661 Pentstemon, Gentian-like.

3688 glandular.

3645 spreading.

3703 Phacelia, Tansy-leaved.

8710 Phalocallis, lead-coloured.

3707 Polystachia, large-flowered.

3682 Pleurothallis, the Groby.

3676 Potentilla, glabrous.

3641 Quinoa, useful.

3653 Rehmannia, Chinese.

3667 Rhododendron, sparkling.

3670 white-flowered.

3672 Solanum, bell-flowered.

3677 Sophronitis, drooping-flowered

3709 ——___——- large-flowered.

3681 Spathodea, five-stamened.

3683 Speedwell, prostrate, Savory-
leaved var.

3627 Spine-Cactus, tube-flowered.

3689 Sun-flower, soft-leaved.

3701 Thrift, downy-leaved, Canary.

3702 Trefoil, Mule white; or tall
Dutch Clover.

3630 Tweedia, changeable-flowered.

3694 Vervain, Germander-leaved.

3674 Zygopetalon, Mr. Murray’s.

3686 Tree-Fern.

-~