ou RTIS’ 75 BOTANICAL MAGAZINE, COMPRISING THE ant of the Ropal Gardens of Kev, AND me OF OTHER BOTANICAL ESTABLISHMENTS IN GREAT BRITAIN ; | ° WITH SUITABLE DESCRIPTIONS; BY SIR WILLIAM JACKSON HOOKER, K.H., D.C.L. Oxox., LL.D., F.B.S. and L.S., Vice-President of the Linnean Society, and Director of the Royal Gardens of Kew. * . AND ae | OBSERVATIONS ON THE CULTURE OF EACH SPECIES; a By Mr. JOHN SMITH, A.LS., Curator of the Royal Gardgns. “VOL. VIL © OF THE THIRD SERIES; (Or Fol. a idee bane spel Work.) PADRE LLL POLLO “ There breathes, for those who understand, ‘A voice from every flower and tree ; And in the work of Nature’s hand, : Lies Nature’s best philosophy ; For ‘things invisible’ are known, By what the visible have shown. of SAAR ARRAS LONDON: REEVE AND BENHAM, HENRIBTTA STREET, COVENT GARDEN. és 1861. TO Dh ASA: GRAY, PROFESSOR OF BOTANY IN THE UNIVERSITY OF NEW CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS, WHOSE RECENT SOJOURN AT KEW HAS BUT TENDED TO INCREASE THE MUTUAL REGARD AND ESTEEM INDUCED BY A FORMER VISIT AND BY LONG CORRESPONDENCE, The Present Golume IS DEDICATED, BY HIS FAITHFUL AND AFFECTIONATE FRIEND, bg THE AUTHOR. ‘Roya GarDENs, Kew, Dee, Ist, 1851. INDEX, In which the Latin Names of the Plants contained in the Seventh Volume of the Tuirp Sertes (or Seventy-seventh Volume of the Work) are alphabetically arranged. Plate. 4588 Acacia hispidissima. 4573 ——— urophylla. 4594 Allamanda neriifolia. 4598 Allium Caspium. 4603 Amomum Granum Paradisi. 4595 Arbutus, mollis. 4557 Aster Sikkimensis. 4588 Ataccia cristata. 4590 Berberis Darwinii. 4605 Browallia Jamesoni. 4555 Campanula colorata. 4608 Camptosema rubicundum. 4582 Cantua buxifolia. 4596 Cathcartia villosa. 4618 Cedronella cana. 4611 Centrosolenia picta. 4602 Chrysobactron Hookeri. 4576 Chysis aurea; var. maculata. 4619 Dendrobium cucumerinum. 4554 Didymocarpus crinita. 4578 Dombeya mollis. 4568 ——-—- viburniflora. 4571 Draceena Draco. 4562 Echinocactus streptocaulon. 4559 ————_—— Visnaga. 4567 Echinopsis campylacantha. 4572 Epidendrum linearifolium. 4606 —-—— verrucosum. 4616 Fitz-Roya Patagonica. 4587 Forsythia viridissima. 4533 Franciscea calycina. 4610 Galeandra Devoniana. 4607 Grammanthes chloreeflora. 4574 Hebeclinium ianthinum. 4581 Helleborus atro-rubens. Plate. 4556 Hydromestus maculatus. 4615 Impatiens pulcherrima. 4586 Ixora Javanica. 4620 Klugia Notoniana. 4593 Leucothée neriifolia. 4561 Lilium Wallichianum. 4569 Medinilla Javanensis. 4577 Mormodes atro-purpurea. 4558 Myrtus orbiculata. 4604 Nymphza elegans. 4565 Passiflora penduliflora. 4599 Pedicularis mollis. 4601 Pentstemon Wrightii. 4580 Persea gratissima. 4600 Physochlaina grandiflora. 4564 Pistia Stratiotes. 4591 Pitcairnia exscapa. 4622 Polygonum vacciniifolium. 4613 Potentilla ambigua. 4597 Primula Sikkimensis. 4592 Pyxidanthera barbulata. 4585 Ranunculus spicatus, 4609 Rhododendron Champione. 4579 Rondeletia versicolor. 4621 Saxifraga flagellaris. 4560 Scheenia oppositifolia. 4570 Sobralia sessilis. 4614 Spherostema propinquum. 4563 Tamarindus officinalis. 4566 Thibaudia macrantha. 4617 Ullucus tuberosus. 4612 Vaccinium Rollisoni. 4584 Wallichia densiflora. 4575 Wigandia Caracasana. «4568 INDEX, In which the English Names of the plants contained in the Seventh Volume of the Turrp Sgxres (or Seventy-seventh Volume of the Work) are alphabetically arranged. Plate. Plate. 4588 Acacia, hispid. 4574 Hebeclinium, violet. 4573 —— pointed-leaved. 4594 Allamanda, oleander-leaved. 4603 Amomum, grains of Paradise ; or Mellegetta Pepper. 4595 Arbutus, soft-leaved. 4557 Aster, Sikkim. 4589 Ataccia, crested. 4615 Balsam, handsome-flowered. 4555 Bell-flower, deep-coloured. 4590 Berberry, Mr. Darwin’s. 4605 Browallia, yellow-flowered. 4559 Cactus, Visnaga or monster. 4608 Camptosema, ruby-flowered. 4582 Cantua, box-leaved. 4596 Cathcartia, villous. 4618 Cedronella, hoary-leaved. _ 4611 Centrosolenia, painted-leaved. 4602 Chrysobactron, Dr. Hooker's. 4576 Chysis, golden-flowered; spot- ted var. 4585 Crowfoot, spike-fruited. 4619 Dendrobium, cucumber. 4554 Didymécarpus, hairy. _ 4578 Dombeya, soft-leaved. Viburnum-flowered. 4571 Dragon’s-blood tree. 4567 Echinopsis, curve-spined. 4562 Echinocactus, spiral-stemmed. 4572 Epidendrum, narrow-leaved. 4606 warted, 4616 Fitz-Roya, Patagonian. 4587 Forsythia, « dark-green-leaved. _ _ 4583 Franciscea, large-calyxed. 4610 Galeandra, Duke of Devonshire’s 4607 Grammanthes, yellowwort- flowered. 4581 Hellebore, dark-purple-flowered. 4556 Hydromestus, Mexican. 4586 Ixora, Javanese. 4620 Klngia, East Indian. 4622 Knotweed, whortle-berried. 4564 Lettuce, water. 4593 Leucothie, oleander-leaved. 4561 Lily, Dr, Wallich’s Nepal. 4599 Lousewort, soft-leaved Indian. 4569 Medinilla, Javanese. 4577 Mormodes, black-purple. 4558 Myrtle, orbicular-leaved. 4598 Onion, Caspian. 4565 Passion-flower, drooping-blos- somed, 4580 Pear, Avocado or Alligator. 4601 Pentstemon, Mr. Wright’s. 4600 Physochlaina, large-flowered. 4591 Pitcairnia, stemless. 4613 Potentilla, three-toothed Hima- layan. 4597 Primrose, Sikkim. 4592 Pyxidanthera, bearded. 4609 Rhododendron, Mrs. Champion’s 4579 Rondeletia, changeable-flowered. 4621 Saxifrage, spider-legged. | 4560 Scheenia, opposite-leaved. 4570 Sobralia, sessile-flowered. 4614 Spherostema, Dr. Wallich’s. 4563 Tamarind-tree. | 4566 Thibaudia, large-flowered. 4617 Ulluco. : 4584 Wallichia, dense-flowered. 4604 Water-Lily, elegant. 4575 Wigandia, Caraccas. _ 4612 Whortleberry, Rollison’s. ae . a ihn, a AY HIS, g eve & Nichals, imp. Re Tas. 4554, DIDYMOCARPUS crinira. Hairy Didymocarpus. Nat. Ord. CyrtTanpDRACEX.—DIDYNAMIA ANGIOSPERMIA. Gen. Char, Calyx 5-fidus vel partitus. Corolla infundibuliformis, limbo 5- lobo subirregulari rarius bilabiato. Stamina 4, quorum 2 (rarius 4) antherifera. Anthere reniformes. Ovarium elongatum. Stylus brevis. . Stigma orbiculatum, indivisum. Capsula siliqueeformis, bivalvis, valvis introflexis falso-4-locularibus. Semina nuda, levia, pendula.—Suffrutices vel herbee Indice. Folia radicalia aut caulina, alterna aut sepius opposita, inequalia. Pedunculi avillares, ramosi, aut dichotomo-cymosi. Flores violacei aut albi. De Cand. Dipymocarpus crinita; suffruticosa erecta simplex tota pilosa, caule brevi villosissimo, foliis sessilibus cuneato-lanceolatis arguto-serratis velutinis subtus purpureo-rubris, pedicellis 3—5 axillaribus folio brevioribus, calycis 5-partiti laciniis lato-subulatis, staminibus 2 abortivis. DipyMocarpus crinita. Jack, Mal. Mise. in Hook. Bot. Mise. v.2. p.60; et in Linn. Trans. v. 14. p. 33. t. 8. 7.2. a-t. De Cand. Prodr. v.9. p. 265. Spreng. Syst. Vegel. v. 2. p. 837. HENCKELIA crinita. Spreng. Our. Post. p. 13. A lovely plant, its beauty rather depending on the leaves (which have a rich velvety hue, as well as a richness of colour, especially beneath) than from anything striking in the flowers. The latter are pure white with us (Jack says, 1D their native country suffused with blush), and they contrast well with the dark foliage. Flowers in August. Our plant was received from Baron Hugel of Vienna, but without any name. We possess, in our herbarium, fine native specimens, gathered by Mr. ‘Thomas Lobb at Singapore, given to us by Mr. Veitch (no. 311 of Lobb’s collection), and we find, too, that this distinguished cultivator exhibited flowering plants at the Horticultural Society’s rooms in June 1847. Mr. Jack detected it at Pulo- Penang. Duscr. Stem erect, scarcely a span high,. densely shaggy with purplish hairs. Leaves opposite, broad-lanceolate, acute, finely dentato-serrate, all over hairy, above dark coppery = with a velvety lustre, beneath rich purple-red, penninerved, JANUARY Ist, 1851. nerves prominent beneath. Peduncles shorter than the leaves, 2—5 from an axil (united to the petiole or to the midrib, Jacé), erect, single-flowered, hairy, bibracteate. Ca/ye of four deep, red, broadish, subulate segments. Corolla infundibuliform, ven- tricose below the broad-spreading five-lobed white lip, yellow, with the tube two inches long. S¢amens included, arising from near the top of the tube; two of them sterile. Anthers connate, four-angled. Ovary lmear. W.J. H. Cuxr. This singular-looking plant, a native of Pulo-Penang, should be cultivated in a warm stove, in a temperature such as is suited to tropical Orchidacea, Gesneriacea, and other sub- epiphytal plants, that require a warm and moist atmosphere during their season of growth. Like most of its allies, it thrives in a mixture of light loam and leaf-mould or turfy peat, and must not be over-watered during the winter. It ap to be of dwarf growth, and produces short lateral shoots from amongst the leaves, which strike root readily when treated as cuttings. J. 8. Fig. 1. Corolla laid open. 2. Anthers. 3. Calyx and pistil. 4. Base of the ovary with its annular gland :—magnified. Fitch, dsl et Lith. Reeve & Nichols, imp. Tas. 4555. CAMPANULA co.uorarta. Deep-coloured Bellflower. Nat. Ord. CAMPANULACE%.—PENTANDRIA MonooGynia. Gen. Char. Calyx 4-fidus. Corolla apice 5-loba vel 5-fida, seepius campanu- lata. Stamina 5, libera, filamentis basi latis et membranaceis. Stylus in pre- floratione pilis collectoribus (excepta ima basi) tectus. Stigmata 3 vel 5, fili- formia. Capsula 3—5-locularis, valvis 3-5 lateraliter dehiscens. Semina ovata, complanata vel ovoidea.—Herbe sepius perennes, nunc humiles et humifuse, nunc 2-3-pedales, erect, multiflore ; foliis radicalibus sepius forma diversis; floribus terminalibus vel axillaribus :—omnes in hemispherio boreali. De Cand. CAMPANULA colorata ; caule ramoso pubescente, foliis sparsis ovato-lanceolatis acutis repando-dentatis, pedunculis elongatis terminalibus et axillaribus, ealycis tubo piloso obconico, lobis amplis subfoliaceis triangulari-acumi- natis obsolete repando-dentatis, corolla tubuloso-campanulata extus pilosa, capsula turbinata subnutante. CAMPANULA colorata. Wail. in Roxb. Fl. Ind. ed. Wall. v.2.p.101. Cat.n.1287. De Cand. Prodr. v.71. p. 473. 8. Moorecroftiana ; foliis minus dentatis. De Cand. Prodr. CampanvuLa*Moorcroftiana; Wall. Cat. n. 1288. Raised from seeds sent by Dr. Hooker, to the Royal Gardens of Kew, in 1849, from Sikkim-Himalaya, elevation 10,000 feet above the level of the sea. It seems quite hardy, and flowered through the autumn in the open border, even as late as November, when our drawing was made. It would ap- pear to have a very extensive range along the whole Himalaya chain, and on both sides. Dr. Wallich’s original specimens were gathered at “Ludak” in 1821, as stated in his valuable edition of ‘Flora Indica; afterwards, in his ‘ Catalogue,’ the further stations of Nepal, Deyra Dhoon, and Kamoon are given. Professor De Candolle refers to it, and. probably justly, Dr. Wallich’s C. Moorcroftiana (as suggested by Dr. Wallich him- self) from Ladak in Thibet, and our herbarium contains speci- mens) not only from the above localities (presented by the Hon. the E. I. Company) but also from Simla and from Affghanistan. JANUARY Ist, 1851. It is variable in its ay sometimes erect, sometimes trailing. Its copious deep-coloured bell-flowers would render it a great ornament for rock-work. Descr. Perennial? Stems from a span to two feet long, slender, much branched, angular, villous. Leaves alternate, remote, broadly or ovato-lanceolate, acuminate, distantly toothed or sinuate, sessile or attenuated into a short foofstalk, pubescent with scattered hairs. Peduancles slender, more or less elongated (much so in age), terminal and axillary, single-flowered. Calya- villous. Zude turbinate, five-angled : limb large, of five aed ing almost foliaceous /odes, triangular-acuminate, sinuato-dentate. Corolla campanulate, deep purple, bright, /ve rather elongated, lobes rather large, spreading. Filaments of the stamens free, very broad at the base. Sfy/e much longer than the stamens. Stigmas three, recurved. W. J. H. Cuur. This was raised from seed in the spring of the past year, and produced its flowers in the latter part of summer and au- tumn. From its appearance at the present time, we have every reason to think it will prove perennial. Few plants from the elevated Bi aa within or near the tropics (although in their native localities enduring a great degree of cold) are able to resist the severity of some of our winters without some pro- tection. It is therefore desirable to keep plants of this Cam- panula in small pots, under a frame, pitttig them out in spring in the open border. J. 8. | | Fig. 1. Calyx with stamens and pistil :—magnified. —~ 4356. Fitch, asl et Lith Reeve & Nichols, imp. Tas. 4556. HYDROMESTUS macu.atus. Mexican Hydromestus. Nat. Ord. AcANTHACEZ.—D1IDYNAMIA ANGIOSPERMIA. Gen. Char. Calyx bibracteolatus, quinquepartitus, laciniis superioribus sequa- libus acutis, quinta postica obtusa. Corolla hypogyna, infundibuliformis, bi- labiata, tudo longo; Jabio superiore bifido, Zodis obtusis revolutis inferioris tri- fidi laciniis equalibus. Spice bracteis arcte appressis, cucullatis, aqua limpida impletis. Stamina quatuor, equalia, corolle tubo inserta, barbata; anthere uniloculares, apice et basi lanuginoso-barbate. Ovarium biloculare, Joculis bi- ovulatis. Stylus simplex; stigma bilabiatum, Jadiis ineequalibus. Capsula sessilis, tetragona, bilocularis, Joculis dispermis, dissepimento incompleto, locu- licide bivalvis, valvis medio septiferis. Semina discoidea, rugosa, retinaculis uncinatis suffulta. Scheidw. HypRomeEstvus maculatus. HypRomEstus maculatus. Scheidweiler in Garten-Zeitung, 1842. p. 285. Lindi. in Bot. Reg. 1843. Mise. n. 46. Received at Kew from Mr. Lowe of the Clapton Nursery. According to Dr. Lindley, it was introduced from Brussels to our gardens. Although published by Scheidweiler in 1542, according to the same author, yet the genus does not seem to be taken up, nor the plant noticed, by Dr. Nees von Esenbeck in De Candolle’s ‘ Prodromus.’ It is a native of Mexico, and is really a handsome plant, with very glossy leaves (not spotted with us), bright yellow flowers, and a singularly nitid imbricated spike of large bracteas (like the scales on some Pine-cone), from which the flowers spring. ae Duscr. An wadershrub, according to Scheidweiler, with te- rete purplish éranches, and opposite, large, petiolated, very glossy Jeaves, ovate or ovato-lanceolate, entire, penninerved (spotted, Scheidweiler). Petiole an inch to an ich and a half long, semiterete. Spikes solitary, terminal and anxillary. Bracteas \arge, broad-ovate, carinated, bright green, imbricated like the scales of a cone, but in four rows. Howers yellow. Calyx bibracteolate, five-partite, four of the sepals equal, the fifth JANUARY Ist, 1851. broader, obtuse. Corolla much exserted beyond the bracteas. Tube narrow, funnel-shaped, a little inflated, yet laterally com- pressed at the mouth; /imé large, two-lipped ; dips spreading : upper one two-lobed, the lower three-lobed, all the lobes emar- ginate. Stamens four, included. Filaments hairy. _Anthers bearded at the summit. Sfy/e also included. Stigma unequally bifid. W. J. H. Cutt. A plant which requires to be grown in a warm and moist stove, and thrives in a mixture of light loam and leaf-mould. It appears to flower freely, the drawing having been made from a plant not more than a foot high. Being, like other soft-wooded Acanthacea, apt to become naked and unsightly when old, it is desirable to keep a succession of young plants, which are readily obtained from cuttings. J. 8. Fig. 1. Stamens and style. 2. Anterior view of a calyx, with pistil. 3. Pos- terior view of a calyx :—magnified. er mer 5s : : i eee : i See x . eee EE Le FO, ee Oe mee aE OE I, oe ESS LS SEER ern pene Phe ee ae ae eee ae er eae ple ae a gs ae at gd al meee z. fe SER ee ae TARE ST eg Noe MER ee AR ee ie aR reer roe ee we ata cg pea sic eS cere ts ss Pitch, del et lith Reeve & Nichols, imp. | Tas. 4557. ASTER S1KkKkIMEnsIs. Sikkim Aster, or Michaelmas Daisn. Nat. Ord. Composit#.—SyYNGENESIA SUPERFLUA. Gen. Char. Capitulum radiatum, fl. radii ligulatis fertilibus 1-serialibus, disci hermaphroditis 5-dentatis. Receptaculum planum, alveolatum, alveolorum mar- ginibus plus minus dentatis. IJnvolucri squame pluriseriales, laxze vel imbricate, apice plus minus herbacez, imo interdum foliacee. Achenium compressum. Pappus pilosus, persistens, pluriserialis, setis scabridis subineequalibus ceterum inter se similibus.—Herbe perennes, plereque ex America boreali, rarius ex orbe vetert aut ex Amer. austr. orte, interdum suffruticose aut scapose. Folia alterna, simplicia, integra aut dentata. Capitula solitaria aut plurima, corymbosa seu paniculata. Discus flavus, demum interdum purpurascens. Radius albus ceruleus purpureusve. De Cand, Aster Sikkimensis; caule erecto glabro ramoso, foliis lanceolatis glabris longe acuminatis spinuloso-denticulatis venoso-reticulatis, radicalibus majoribus sublonge petiolatis, caulinis sessilibus, corymbis amplis polycephalis folio- losis, pedunculis pedicellisque pubescentibus, involucri foliolis linearibus acuminatis subsquarrosis, floribus purpureis, acheniis scabris. Raised from seeds sent by Dr. Hooker to the Royal Gardens of Kew from the alpine regions of Sikkim. It flowers with us m October, and enlivens the garden at that late season with its copious bright purple flowers. We propose to treat it as a hardy plant. It seems to have a good claim to rank with the genus Aster, as now limited by De Candolle, of which very few certain species inhabit India, and those are chiefly confined to the temperate climates of the north. It is remarkable of this and of our Aser Caubulicus (Bot. Mag. Comp. 1847, p. 34), that the stems form almost perfect wood the first year, three or four feet high, in the early winter abounding in leaf-buds, but dying down with our winter to the root. Descr. Root perennial, Stem erect, almost woody, and fra- grant, three or four feet high, glabrous, tereti-angular, purplish- brown. Leaves glabrous, lanceolate, all of them much and narrowly acuminated, spinuloso-serrate, with several parallel, very oblique nerves and numerous lesser connecting ones: lower JANUARY Ist, 1851, leaves more than a long, tapering into a flattened petiole : those of the stem bu half the- size, sessile and almost semiam- plexicaul. Corymés large, leafy (leaves small), with copious cap?- tula, which are purple. Peduncles and pedicels downy. Invo- lucre of many narrow-linear, imbricated, subscariose, purplish, sharp scales. Receptacle alveolate and toothed. Florets of the ray numerous, in one series. Ovaries and fruit hispid. Pappus of rather few bristles. W. J. H. Cutt. We raised this Aster from seed in 1849, and it flowered in the open ground during the latter part of the past summer. It is of a suffruticose habit, which it would evidently maintain if kept in the greenhouse or under some kind of protection in winter, but in the open ground it has every appearance of as- suming the character of a hardy perennial. It is easily increased by cuttings of the stems, or by division of the roots. J. S. * Fig. 1. Receptacle and part of the involuere. 2. Floret of the ray. 3. Ditto of the dise :—magnified. Reeve & Nichols, imp lith. itch del et E Tas. 4558. MYRTUS orsicuLata. Orbicular-leaved Myrtle. Nat. Ord. Myrrace®.—IcosanpDRIA POLYANDRIA. Gen. Char. Calyx tubo campanulato, cum ovario connato, limbo quinquefido, supero vel semisupero, deciduo vel rarius persistente. Corolle petala 5, calycis fauci inserta, ejusdem laciniis alterna, breviter unguiculata, orbiculata. Stamina 20-60, cum petalis inserta, iisdem breviora vel vix longiora ; filamenta filiformia libera ; anthere biloculares, longitudinaliter dehiscentes. Ovarium inferum vel semisuperum, quadri-quinqueloculare, Joculis multiovulatis. Stylus filiformis ; stigma capitatum. Capsula infera vel semisupera, quadri-quinquelocularis, apice loculicide dehiscens. Semina plurima, minima, oblongo-compressa.—Frutices vel arbores, in Nova Hollandia et Nova Zelandia crescentes 3 foliis alternis, exstipu- latis, integerrimis ; floribus pedicellatis, solitariis, sparsis, nudis v. scariose bracteo- latis, albis. Endl. Myrrvus (Jossinia) orbiculata ; foliis subsessilibus elliptico-orbicularibus coriaceis rigidis glabris marginibus subreflexis, pedicellis brevibus unifloris axillari- bus fasciculatis, calycis tubo bibracteolato, limbi dentibus brevissimis, pe- talis orbicularibus concavis extus punctatis, staminibus numerosissimis. Myrrvs orbiculata. Spreng. Syst. Veget. v. 2. p. 480. Evcenta orbiculata. Lam. Dist. v. 8. p. 202. JOSSINIA orbiculata. De Cand. Prodr. v. 3. p. 337. A groupe of the Myrtle family, having very thick coriaceous leaves, axillary single-flowered peduncles, quaternary flowers, a bibracteolated calyx and numerous stamens, inhabiting Mau- ritius and the adjacent islands (Bourbon and Madagascar), called Bois de Neéfle (Medlar-wood), or Bois de Clous, on account of the hardness, by the colonists of Mauritius, were — formed into a genus (Jossiaia) by Commerson, adopted“ by De _ Candolle ; but by other botanists these plants are incorporated = with Myrtus, and apparently justly so. The present species 1s from Mauritius, whence it was introduced into Kew Gardens in the year 1824, and raised from seeds. Its flowering season is November, when its Myrtle-like flowers, copiously nestled among the dark green foliage, exhale the most delightful fra- grance. on JANUARY lst, 1851. Descr. A shrub, with us attaining a height of six feet, copiously branched, everywhere glabrous. eaves nearly sessile, between elliptical and orbicular, two inches long, thick and coriaceous, penninerved, obsoletely punctate beneath, the mar- gins slightly recurved. Peduncles fasciculated, axillary, single- flowered, half an inch to an inch long, ‘slightly thickened upwards. Calye small, bibracteolate: ‘we hemispherico- globose: the four teeth of the /ims very short and obtuse. Petais;four, orbicular, concave, yellow-white, distinctly punc- tated on the back. Stamens exceedingly numerous on a rather broad disc, a little longer than the petals. Anthers subglobose. Style subulate, rather longer than the stamens. Stigma ob- mec... Wd. HH. Cutt. A stiff, branched, bushy shrub, seven feet high, and being a tropical plant, it requires the heat of the stove. It is a robust grower, thrives in any kind of light loam, and requires to be well supplied with water during summer. Being of a clean habit, and not subject to insects, it is suited for a select col- lection of stove-plants. It increases readily by cuttings, which should be planted in sand under a bell-glass, and plunged in bottom-heat. Fig. 1. Flower. 2. Calyx and pistil :—magnijfied. Reeve & Nichols, imp VA ae | i ; : ge / ie nel VAY BE XT Wek i \A\A BY’ |i ‘ths j BAA tr had. WEY WI rj i ‘ i] BN) i K WW Y (| ( it CS ae — << 14) i \ Wry Ve WMA AN i) WAAL y VY — ee ee Pitch, del et lith. Tas. 4564. PISTIA STRATIOTES. Water Lettuce. Nat. Ord. Arnorpe# (Pist1acrm).—Monecta PENTANDRIA. Gen. Char. Spatha basi tubulosa, cum spadice connata: limbo patente, pro- cessu spadicem superne involucrante aucto. Spadix interrupte androgynus, basi foemineus, apice libero masculus. Anthere 3-8, spadicis apice incrassato adnate, subgloboss, sulco transverso dehiscentes. Ovarium 1, spadicis basi adnate oblique insidens, 1-loculare; ovuda plurima, e placenta prope basim parietali subhorizontalia (erecta, Blume), orthotropa. Stylus terminalis, crassus. Stigma subcyathiforme. Bacea 1-locularis, poly- vel abortu oligosperma. Semina cylin- drica, per hilum basilare funiculo brevissimo patelliformi insidentia, testa (arillus, Turp.) coriacea, crassa. Embryo minimus, cylindraceus, in apice albuminis in- clusus ; radicula hilo e diametro opposita.—Herbee aguatice, libere, natantes, Jlagellifere ; radicibus fibrosis. Folia sessilia,- rosaceo-expansa, integerrima, ner- vosa. Spadices avillares, solitarit, scapo brevi suffulti. Kth. Pistt1a Stratiotes; foliis rosulatis cuneatis retusis, nervis subtus lamelleeformi- bus basi confluentibus, antheris 5 (an semper?), spadice antheras haud superante. ; Pistta Stratiotes. Linn. Fl. Zeyl. un. 322. Roxb. Corom. v. 3. t. 268. Hjusd. Fl. Ind. v. 3. p. 331. Spreng. Syst. Veg. v. 2. p. 17%. Kunth, Enum. Plant. v.38. p.8. (Here probably may also be referred P. Migyptiaca, Schleid. ; P. crispata, Bl. §& Kth.; P. minor, Bl. § Kih.; P. occidentalis, Bi. § Kth.; P. linguiformis, Bl. § Kth.; P. Leprieurii, B/.; P. Gaudichaudii, Schleid. ; P. spathulata, Mich. & Kth.; P. commutata, Schleid. § Kth.; and P. ob- cordata, Schleid. § Kth.—Pistia? vivipara, Schleid., we are told, is Parkeria juvenilis !) Koppa-pain. Rheede, Hort. Malab. v. 11. p. 32. PLaNTaGo aquatica, &. Rumph. Amb. v. 6. p. 14. LEnrTIcuLa palustris, &c. Sloane, Jam. v. 1. t. 2. f. 2. Pistra aquatica, &e. P. Browne’s Jam. p. 399. With no floral beauty to recommend it, a more delicate and graceful object cannot well be seen, in a tropical house, than a vessel of water or a tank with tufts of Pistia Stratotes floating on the surface, of the tenderest green imaginable: the leaves are connected together into a rose-shaped tuft, and these send out runners bearing other plants in all stages of growth. Dr. Roxburgh aptly compares them to half-grown Lettuce-plants. FEBRUARY Ist, 1851. They continue in great beauty all summer and autumn, and in early winter they show symptoms of weakness or decay ; but, with a little care, plenty of young plants may be retained for the followmg spring, when they soon revive and reproduce by offsets. The flowers, or inflorescence, are nestled at the base of the leaf, and it may easily be seen there, by some of the young unfolded leaves, that the spatha which encloses the flowers is nothing but a modified leaf, the lower sides involute, and bearmg the stamens and pistil. These flowers possess no beauty. The roots are a very pretty object on a plant being lifted out of the water, for here, as in the Duckweed (Lemua) of our own country—and Pis/ia is sometimes called tropical Duckweed,—the roots descend loose into the water, with no necessary attachment to soil or mud, and are long and feathery. Like many water-plants, it has a very extended range, perhaps all round the world, in tropical or subtropical regions. In America it extends as far north as Louisiana and Mississippi and North Carolina. From Africa, I possess specimens from Egypt in the north, from the Niger country near the middle, and from Port Natal in the south. In the warm parts of India it seems to be universal; and in the Malay Islands. In Antigua, of the West Indies, Patrick Brown tells us it is most abundant in all the ponds of water preserved for public use, and keeps the water always fresh and cool, which would be greatly subject to putrefaction and charged with a multitude of insects, had they continued exposed to the heat of the sun. ‘The plant, however, is. there considered acrid, and when the droughts set in and the waters are reduced very low (which frequently happens in that island), they are overheated and so impregnated with the particles of this vegetable, that they occasion bloody fluxes to such as are obliged to use them at those seasons. I am aware that some botanists are disposed to consider that there are several distinct species of Pistia, and Professor Kunth goes so far as to constitute two groupes, and of one groupe to make two subgroupes, including altogether no less than zine species: but the characters are wretchedly defined, and I must confess, that as far as can be collected from the dried state of the copious specimens in my herbarium, there is no reason for constituting more than one species. Others, however, must judge for themselves. Our plant here figured is derived from _ Jamaica, and quite accords with Roxburgh’s from the Hast Indies ;—yet Sloane’s Jamaica species (Hist. t. 2. f. 2) is re- ferred by Kunth to his P. commutata, and Brown’s Jamaica plant to P. obcordata. Descr. Each plant sends down a tuft of long, soft, feathery fibres, and consists of a collection of rosulate /eaves, which are from two to four or five inches long, slightly concave in the disc, the apex and margins reflexed, cuneate in shape, more or less broad and always obtuse or retuse at the apex, and more or less tapering at the base ; both sides are soft to the touch and velvety, of a delicate pale _pea-green colour, with a kind of mealy down beneath ; both sides are marked with simple or branched parallel or slightly divergent lines, below more prominent, and almost Jamellate, which unite below so as to form a thickened base. ‘Their colour is generally the same as the leaf, sometimes darker, and in some specimens, from Mexico and from Demerara, these lines are of a brownish or blackish hue. From the base or axils of the young leaves in the centre the spathas appear, nearly sessile, hairy, oblong-ovate, pale yellow-green, the lower half having the sides convolute into a sheath, the upper half or /imé is spreading, ovate, acute, striated; the whole length scarcely three-quarters of an inch. At the base of the limb within, is a a cup-shaped scale, green, and lobed, giving rise to a short column or spadix, a on a level with the summit, in a circle, five, oblong, four-celled anthers, attached by their back and sessile, opening by four, small, oblong Zines or pores in the front. Beneath this cup-shaped scale is another nearly orbicular and bifid one, and below that, occupying the whole length of the inside of the folded portion of the spatha, is situated the single ovary, oblong, membranous, striated, downy, one-celled, bearing numerous oblong ovules all along the inner axis: its upper part terminates in a tapering incurved s¢y/e, with a capitate or almost cup-shaped stigma, downy at the top, and nearly reaching to the anthers. Many of the ovules prove abortive. ‘The seeds, as described in the generic character, are well figured by Mirbel, in the Annales du Mus. d’ Hist. Nat. p.16.¢#.17. W.JS.H. Curr. In the West Indies this singular plant covers the surface of stagnant waters in the same manner as the several species of Lemna do in temperate countries. In this country it must be grown under glass, in a cistern or tank of water at a tempera- ture ranging in summer between 70° and 80°. The depth of the water, whether several feet or only a few inches, is unimportant : when it grows in deep water its roots do not reach the bottom. As it increases rapidly by producing stolons, or runners, in the form of rays, each of which bears a young plant, which becomes a new centre for producing stolons, it will, if allowed, soon occupy in one summer more space than can often be afforded for growing tropical aquatics. It will also grow freely in a small shallow tub or pan; and, although its natural habit is to float, yet it appears to thrive more luxuriantly in water only a few inches deep, so that the roots reach the soil: and it may be stimulated to grow to a size much larger than usual, by placing a thin layer shaded during the middle of the day | and to have an unhealthy appearance. L568) 3 we =—-. a» - a - f ; « 4 8 4 3 » 2 Tas. 4565, PASSIFLORA pPpENDULIFLORA. Drooping-blossomed Passion-flower. Nat. Ord. PasstFLOREZ.—MOoNADELPHIA PENTANDRIA. Gen. Char. (Vide supra, Tas. 4406.) PassrFLora (§ Decaloba) penduliflora; glabra, foliis brevi-petiolatis semi- orbiculari-cuneatis transversim truncatis obscure 3-lobis 3-nerviis 3-setosis subtus glandulosis, pedunculis solitariis geminisve elongatis pendulis prope basin articulatis bibracteolatis, calycis tubo hemispherico 10-gibboso, corone aurantiace filamentis paucis uniserialibus clavatis erectiusculis. PASSIFLORA penduliflora. Bert. in De Cand. Prodr. v. 3. p. 326. Apparently a very little-known Passion-flower: at any rate, I find no mention of it anywhere, save in the brief character of De Candolle above quoted. Though destitute of the varied colouring of many of the species of the genus, there is a grace and elegance in the plant that render it an object well worthy of cultivation: the flowers are very copious and hang downwards from peduncles much longer than the leaves, and these leaves are very singular in shape. We received our plants from the island of Jamaica, where, indeed, it would appear to be very common, judging from the copious specimens we have received from the late Dr. M‘Fadyen and Dr. Distan, and Messrs. Purdie and Wilson. It flowers in spring and summer. Descr. A climbing glabrous shrub, with the young branches herbaceous and striated. eaves copious, approximate, on very short petioles, varying a good deal in shape, but the general form is that of half an ellipsis approaching to cuneate, truncate, but more or less distinctly three-lobed, with three sete, three- nerved, with a row of five or six glands on each side the midrib. Tendrils simple, reddish. Peduncles solitary or geminate from the axil of a leaf, single-flowered, pendulous, jointed, and with two minute Jracteoles above the base. Flower drooping, pale yellow-green. Calyz-tube hemispherical, ten-lobed: the five lobes of the Himé oblong, very acute. Petals resembling the MARCH Ist, 1851. calyx-lobes, but a little longer. Nectariferous crown deep orange, of from twelve to fourteen short, nearly erect, club-shaped rays. Column of stamens very long. Anthers green, curved. Styles three. Stigmas globose. W. J. H. Cuur. About one hundred and fifty species of Passiflora are now described, which, with very few exceptions, are natives of the West Indies and the continent of America, chiefly within or near the tropics. Many of them have long been cultivated in this country, but none are sufficiently hardy to endure the low temperature of our winters, except the well-known and widely diffused Passiflora cerulea, which is recorded to have been cul- tivated in this country 152 years ago. It is stated to be a native of Brazil and Peru ; its hardiness is therefore remarkable, seeing that we have many otlfer species from those countries, all of them requiring to be grown either in the greenhouse or stove. The present species must be grown in the stove. Being, like its allies, a free and rambling grower, it is well adapted for covering trellis-work against back walls, and for training up pillars or rafters’; but where so much space cannot be afforded, it will grow and flower freely if planted in a middle-sized pot and trained on a wire trellis. In order to keep it within due bounds, it is necessary, in winter, to prune and cut back the superfluous growth of the previous summer; this will cause it to flower more abundantly. Any kind of light open soil suits it; and it is propagated by cuttings planted under a bell-glass, and treated in the usual way. J. 8. Fig. 1. Portion of the nectariferous ray :—magnified. 4366. Fitch, Gel et lith Reeve & Nichols, P Tas. 4566. THIBAUDIA macrRANTHA. Large-flowered Thibauda. Nat. Ord. Vacctn1acE&®.—DrcanpriA MonoGaynta. Gen. Char. (Vide supra, TaB. 4303.) THIBAUDIA macrantha; glaberrima, ramis divaricato-pendulis, foliis lanceolatis longe acuminatis integerrimis, pedunculis extra-axillaribus binis ternisve pendulis sursum incrassatis, corolle rubro-lineatee tubo ampullaceo 5- angulato, ore contracto, limbi laciniis reflexis, stylo antherisque exsertis. We represented what we considered to be the prince of the East Indian Vhidaudias at our Tab. 4303 (Z. pulcherrima), and in the rich abundance of its handsome flowers it has the su- _periority over this: but here, each individual flower is much larger and handsomer than in that species. We have measured these flowers two inches and a quarter long, and one inch in diameter ; the texture and marking resemble some handsome piece of china or porcelain. The plant is raised from seeds by Mr. Veitch, from Kola Mountain, Moulmain, whence they were sent by Mr. Thomas Lobb. It accords with many of the cha- racters of Thibaudia (Agapetes, De Cand.) loranthifolia, Wall. ; but that species is downy, and differs in other points. We have rarely seen a more truly lovely plant. It flowered in the stove of Messrs. Veitch in December 1850. | Descr. A rather straggling shrub, with light brown smooth bark. Leaves alternate, on very short thick petioles, lanceolate, much acuminated, entire, glabrous, spreading. Mowers from the woody portion of the stem, extra-axillary. ‘T'wo to three pedun- cles spring from the same point, and are pendent, thickened upwards, and red. Flowers large, and hanging down. Calyx small, pale yellow. Zwbe short-globose, incorporated with the ovary, and jointed on the thickened apex of the peduncle : the lobes small, acute, erect. Corolla large, pure china-white, yellow MARCH Ist, 1851. at the base and apex: the ‘vse ampullaceous, five-angled ; be- — tween the angles are numerous distinct, oblique, wavy red lines, — generally taking the shape of the letter V, and more or less — united: the mouth of the corolla is contracted: the five acute lobes reflexed. Stamens and style considerably exserted beyond the mouth of the corolla. Filaments very short, broad, cucullate ; anthers much elongated, the cells above opening internally by a longitudinal fissure: there are no reflexed spurs at the back » of the anthers as in our 7. pulcherrima. Ovary adherent with the tube of the calyx, crowned by a five-lobed epigynous gland. Style longer than the stamens: stigma obtuse. W.J. H. Curr. This interesting plant has not yet come into our hands, the only plants in this country being in the possession of Mr. Veitch, of the Exeter Nursery. We learn that it is an evergreen shrub of easy cultivation, and that it flowered when not more than two feet high. It is treated as a stove-plant ; but, judging from its allies and from its native climate, we are inclined to think it will succeed in a close greenhouse ; a moist dull atmo- sphere being maintained in summer, and artificial heat applied in winter only during frost, or when there is a continuance of cold cloudy weather, with the thermometer seldom rising above 40°: during such weather, the day-temperature should be kept at about 50°. Like many species of this family, the present is — probably subepiphytal, deriving its chief nourishment from an atmosphere charged with moisture, and at a medium tempera- ture; such being the general character of the lower region of Ericacee and Vacciniacee within the tropics. J. 8. Fig. 1. Calyx and pistil. 2. Stamens, seen from without. 3. Two stamens seen from within :—magnified. Tas. 4567. ECHINOPSIS camMpyLacaANnTHA. Curve-spined Echinopsis. Nat. Ord. CactE®.—IcosaNDRIA MONOGYNIA. Gen. Char. (Vide supra, TaB. 4521.) Ecurnopsts campylacantha ; (subpedalis) ovato-globosus, costis 14—16 vertica- libus subcompressis obtusis, areolis magnis approximatis ellipticis lanatis, aculeis subulato-acicularibus rigidissimis flavicantibus apice brunneis ex- terioribus 8-10 radiantibus rectiusculis (uncialibus et ultra) centrali lon- gissima (3-unciali) sursum curvata, calycibus infundibuliformibus sparsim squamosis, squamis hirsutissimis. Ecurnopsts campylacantha. Pfeiff. in Salm-Dyk, Cact. Hort. Dyk, p. 39. Ecurnocactws leucanthus. Gill. in Bot. Reg. 1840. ¢.13 (woé E. leucacanthus, Luce.) Cereus leucanthus. Pfeiff. Enum. Cact. p. 71. A fine and well-marked species, with handsome flowers, readily distinguished by the great length of the central spine of the areole, and by its taking an upward and inward curve, a: direction to which the other radiating spines are more or less inclined. It is a native of the Argentine province of Mendoza, at the eastern foot of the Andes, where it was discovered by the late Dr. Gillies, and introduced by him to our Gardens, with many others from that region, which we fear are now mostly lost to us. It flowers in the spring and summer months. Descr. Our plants are, the largest of them, a foot high, in shape between ovate and globose, not unlike that of a pine- apple, rather acute at the top, longitudinally furrowed : ridges fourteen to sixteen, considerably elevated, scarcely compressed, obtuse ; the edges slightly tubercled or lobed. Areole ap- proximate, large, oval, woolly, bearing from eight to ten strong but rather slender spines, generally tawny, tipped with dark brown :—of these eight to ten form the circumference and spread in a stellated manner, yet having a slight curve upwards, an inch or rather more long; the central spine is solitary, nearly three inches long, and has a remarkably upward curve towards ~ MARCH lst, 1851. * apex of the t. summit of the pint, ~ funnel-shaped, olt : the segments of the imb acute, pale rose-coloured petals. ry pact. Style included. Stigma of about twelve linear, elongated rays. W.J. H. Cie: The observations respecting the culture of Zchino- cactee, given at Tab. 4521 and Tab. 4562, are applicable to this species. J. 8. #IOSD ch del et ral Re Reeve & Nichols, imp- Tas. 4568. DOMBEYA visuRNIFLORA. Viburnum-flowered Dombeya. Nat. Ord. ByrTNERIACEZ.—MONADELPHIA POLYANDRIA. Gen. Char. Calyx 5-partitus, persistens, involucello triphyllo unilaterali cinctus. Petala 5. Stamina 15-20, filamentis vix basi coalitis, 5 sterilia, 2-3 fertilia inter quodque sterile. Stylus 1, apice in stigmata 5 subreflexa fissus. Carpella 5, bivalvia, 1 «© polysperma, in capsulam arcte connexa. Cotyledones contortu- plicatee, bifide. De Cand. DomBEya viburniflora ; arborea, ramis petiolisque hirsutis, foliis longe petiolatis cordatis plerumque serrulatis supra pubescentibus subtus tomentosis, sti- pulis ovato-acuminatis, pedunculis elongatis, corymbis compositis, calycibus reflexis, pedicellis bracteisque lanatis, petalis oblique spathulatis (albis) sicci- tate ochraceis nitidis. DomBeya viburniflora. Bojer, in Ann. des Sc. Nat. 2nd Ser. p. 796. A native of the Comorin Islands, near Madagascar, according to Professor Bojer, who introduced the tree thence to Mauritius, from which latter island we have received it at Kew. With us, confined in a tub, it has attained a height of 12-14 feet, so that its rather small white flowers are not very conspicuous objects. Its nearest affinity is with D. palmata, Wall., Pl. Asiat. Rariores ; but the latter has seven spreading lobes to the leaves, and larger flowers with broader petals. It flowers with us in February. Descr. A éree with us attaining a height of fourteen feet or more, with a bushy head of copious ranches: the branches and long petioles clothed with spreading hairs. Leaves moderately large, cordate, rather soft to the touch, three-lobed, the /odes acuminate, straight (pointing forward), serrated, with rather a deep sinus at the base, upper side green, downy; under side pale, almost woolly: stipules rather large, ovate, acuminate, herbaceous, deciduous. Peduncles a span and more long, from the axils of the upper leaves, and bearing a compound dichoto- mously divided corymd of rather small white flowers. Bracteas and involucre ovate, caducous. Calyz of five ovato-lanceolate, re- MARCH Ist, 1851. flexed, woolly segments. Petals spreading, oblique and obliquely spathulate, white and delicate when fresh, glossy, tawny, and assuming a horny character when dry. Stamens monadelphous, the ‘whe short, soon dividing into five bundles of three each, fifteen in all, and having a sterile, elongated, club-shaped fila- ment alternating with each bundle. Ovary globose, hairy : style divided almost to the base into five branches, erect : stigmas _ five, obtuse, spreading. W. J. H. Cuxr. This is a soft-wooded tropical tree, of quick and robust growth. It requires a warm stove, and, if duly encouraged, will soon require more room than can often be afforded where a general collection of stove plants is kept. It grows freely in any kind of light loam, and, as its large leaves part with water rapidly during hot dry weather, it is necessary to supply it freely with water at the roots, in order to prevent the leaves from flagging. It is readily increased by cuttings planted under a bell-glass, and placed in bottom-heat. J. 8. Fig. 1. Expanded flower. 2. Flower, deprived of its petals. 3. Pistil :— magnified, of. 4D O Fitch. del et lith . Reeve & Nichols imp. ae TAs. 4569. MEDINILLA JAvanensIis. - Javanese Medinilla. Nat. Ord. MELAsToMacE#.—OcTANDRIA Monoeynia. Gen. Char. (Vide supra, TaB. 4533.) MEDINILLA Javanensis ; caule fruticoso, ramis acuto-tetragonis levibus, foliis sessilibus elliptico-ovatis acutis quintuplinerviis integerrimis basi subcordatis, paniculis terminalibus axillaribusve erectis strictis, bracteis obsoletis, ca- lycis dentibus 5 minutissimis, staminibus 10 parvis, antheris basi antice bi-gibbosis dorso calcaratis. MEDINILLA Javanensis. Blume, Flora, v.14. p.515. Walp. Repert. Bot. v. 2. p. 142. MELASTOMA Javanense. Blume, Bijdr. p.1078. De Cand. Prodr. v. 3. p. 147. This, though correctly referred by Blume to Medinilla, has little of the beauty of JZ. speciosa and M. magnifica, and others of the genus; but it forms a handsome shrub, with ample, five- nerved foliage. We are indebted to Messrs. Rollisons, of Tooting, for this plant, which they imported through their . collector from Java, along with another species of the genus, J. crassifolia, which has flowered at the same time with this, viz., in December 1850. Inhabits the stove. Descr. A shrué of erect habit, with acutely four-sided, smooth branches. The leaves large, sessile, elliptical-ovate, acute, entire, five-nerved, somewhat cordate at the base, the costa red at the setting on of the leaf: the general colour dark green, pale and slightly tinged with red beneath. Pancc/e terminal and lateral (Blume), small, compact. Bracts small, deciduous. Calya turbinate, pale flesh-colour, glabrous, with five very minute teeth. Petals five, obovate, pale rose-colour. Stamens small, ten. Filaments subulate, white. 4uthers dark purple, with two yellowish obtuse spurs or gibbosities at the base in front, and one deflexed at the base behind. WV. J. 77. MARCH Ist, 1851. ___ Cuxr. This plant, being a native of Java, and, like others of : _ the genus, subepiphytal, ires to be grown ina moist stove. — _ A mixture of light loam Pa sandy peat soil, or leaf-mould, suits it. It should be well drained, and, as it is not a strong-rooting lant, care must be taken not to over-pot it. It propagates ly from cuttings treated in the usual way. J. S. Fig. 1. Stamen :—magnified. 43570. Tas. 4570. SOBRALIA SESSILIS. Sessile-flowered Sobralia. Nat. Ord. OrcH1IDE®.—GyNANDRIA MONANDRIA. Gen. Char. (Vide supra, Tas. 4446.) Sopra sessilis; caule foliisque subtus nigro-pubescentibus, foliis sessilibus oblongo-lanceolatis acuminatis 2 terminalibus squameeformibus acuminatis herbaceis, floribus sessilibus, labello rhombeo-oblongo glabro lamellis 2 intramarginalibus prope basin. Lindl. Soprata sessilis. Lindl. Bot. Reg. Misc. 1841. n.11. Bot. Reg. 1841. t. 17. A native of British Guiana, where it was discovered and im- ported to Messrs. Loddiges’ collection about ten years ago, by Sir R. H. Schomburgk, and then first described by Dr. Lindley. It is, as he remarks, not one of the most showy of this fine genus. With us it flowers in October. Descr. Terrestrial. Stems one and a half to two feet high, erect, tufted, reed-like, jointed, sheathed by the base of the leaves and clothed with black or dark-coloured hairs. Leaves few, near the apex of the plant, broad-lanceolate, very much acu- minated, nerved and plaited, paler beneath: the two superior ones immediately beneath the flower are small (but unequal) and bracteiform. FYower solitary, terminal, larger and different in colour in our plant from Dr. Lindley’s above quoted. Sepals and petals nearly white, or but slightly tinged with rose, the former spreading, oblong-lanceolate, acute; the latter larger, broader, obtuse, and erecto-patent. Zip yellowish, deeply stained with rose-purple, obovato-rhomboid, tapering into a narrow white claw at the base, within this claw are two small white lamelle: the margin is waved, the sides turned in. Column very much elongated but thicker upwards: the anther lodged in a cavity (clinandrium) at the top of the column. VW. J. H. Curt. This is a species of a very pretty genus of terrestrial MARCH Ist, 1851. Orchids, natives of tropical America, growing in hot, dry places, and producing their showy flowers on the apex of eee reed- like stems, which rise from fascicles of thick, fleshy, interlacing roots. It requires to be kept in the warm division of the Orchid-house, and grows freely in a mixture of light loam and sandy peat. On account of its roots not going deep, it should be grown in a wide shallow pot, which must be well drained, so as to allow water to be given freely in summer without risk of © the soil becoming saturated. It is increased by division of the roots ; but, in doing this, great caution is necessary, for, on account of their compact interlacing,.they are not easily separated without injury. J. 8. Fig. 1. The lip. 2. The column :—magnified. Fitch, del et lith. Tan. 4571, DRACAENA Draco. Dragon's-blood Tree. Nat. Ord. AsPARAGINE®, Kth.—Hrxanpria Mono@ynia. Gen. Char. Perigonium corollaceum, tubulosum, profunde sexfidum, deciduum ; laciniis subspathulato-linearibus, obtusis, uninerviis, eequalibus, patentissimis vel recurvatis. Stamina 6, fauci perigonii inserta, exserta, erecto-patula. Hilamenta plana, anguste linearia, apice subulato-attenuata. 4nthere biloculares, oblong vel lineari-oblong, apice bilobze, basi bifidee, dorso medio affixe, introrse. Ovarium liberum, sessile, oblongum, triloculare ; ova/a in loculis solitaria, sessilia, adscendentia, anatropa. Columna stylina filiformis, sulcato-triangularis, erecta, stamina superans. Stigma trilobum ; lobis rotundatis. Bacca subglobosa vel tripulvinato-globosa, carnoso-succulenta, 1—-3-sperma. Semina subglobosa. Em- éryo in basi albuminis cornei ad latus externum locatus.—Caules arboret vel fruti- cosi, simplices vel ramosi, foliis delapsis semiannulato-cicatrizatt. Folia in apice caulis et ramorum conferta, lanceolata vel linearia, integerrima, sepe inferne angus- tato-petiolata, ima basi semiamplexicaulia,striato-nervosa, pergamenea vel subcoriacea, glabra. Panicule terminales, solitaria, simplices vel ramose, bracteata, rarissime ad racemum solitarium reducte. Flores pedicellati, solitarii, gemini, ternt vel quini, in ramis panicule racemosim dispositi, albidi, virescenti- vel flavido-albi ; pedicellis basi bracteolatis, superne articulatis. Draca#na Draco; arborea apice ramosa, foliis sessilibus amplexicaulibus lineari- acuminatis acutissimis, paniculis terminalibus ramosis foliaceo-bracteatis, ramis ternis patentissimis, floribus fasciculatis, pedicellis medio articulatis. Dracana Draco. Linn. Syst. Veget. p. 275. Willd. Sp. Pl. 0.2. p. 155. Roem. et Schult. Syst. Veget. v.71. p. 337. Spreng. Syst. Veget. v. 2. p. 92. Berthel. in Nov. Act. Bonn. v.13. p:773. t.35-39. Kunth, Enum. Pl. v.5. p.3. Webb et Berthel. Hist. des Canaries, Atlas, Géographie’ Bot. 3me Ser. t. 8. Asparacus? Draco. Linn, Sp. Pl. p. 451. The Dragon’s-blood Tree is a plant that every one speaks of, which most have seen, if not the gigantic inhabitants of the Canaries, yet in our gardens at home; for there is scarcely a Botanic Garden in Europe which does not possess a plant of greater or less size ; but a flowering plant 1s of very rare occur- rence, save in tropical or subtropical regions. Our friend Dr. Mackay has had the good fortune to bring the plant to flower in APRIL Ist, 1851. the stove of the Dublin College Botanic Garden, one, too, which he reared himself from seeds collected at Madeira, by the Right Honourable George Knox, in 1810. “ After it had been grown in a pot,” says Dr. Mackay, in the remarks he presented to the Meeting of the British Association at Edinburgh, 1850, “ for ten years, it was planted out into a bed of earth in a large stove or hot-house. About three years ago it became too tall for the house ; and, in order still to secure the plant for the collection, the following experiment, suggested by my intelligent first as- sistant, Mr. Bain, was made by him. The stem, which was about fifteen inches in diameter immediately under the leaves, and eighteen feet high, was, during six months, gradually cut across four feet above the root, about an inch deep at a time to prevent bleeding. The root and lower portion of the stem were then removed as being useless, and the upper portion of the stem suspended immediately above the former station of the plant. In the course of eight months, during which time it was kept perfectly dry, it threw out several thick aerial roots from the edge of the stem where it had been cut. It was then lowered into its former position, and had the stem and roots sunk four feet in dry sandy mould. This was done about a year and a half ago, and the plant, which is now in excellent health, has lately flowered, and is, I believe, the first that has done so in Great Britain or Ireland.” Our good friend did not fail to send us a flowering specimen and leaves: but the plates of this publication are most unsuited to receive anything like a fair sample of the full-sized leaves and inflorescence : so that we have hence thought it better to con- fine our figures chiefly to analysis, and occupy the rest of the plate with a copy taken from the “ Atlas” of Messrs. Webb and Berthelot’s ‘ History of the Canary Islands,’ of the celebrated “ Dragon ‘Tree of Orotava”’ as it is usually called, of which the drawing was made in 1790, before the great injury done to the tree by the storm in 1819. In the latter state, an exceed- ingly beautiful large plate has been published in London by the same gentleman (Mr. Williams) who executed Mr. Webb’s drawings. “It is now,” says M. de Humboldt, in his celebrated ‘Travels, “ included within the precincts of the garden of M. Fran- chi, in the small town of Orotava, one of the most delicious spots in the world. In 1799, when we climbed the peak of Teneriffe, we found that this enormous vegetable was forty-five feet in circumfer- ence a little above the root. Sir George Staunton affirms that, at ten feet high, its diameter is twelve feet ; its height was reckoned at from seventy to seventy-five feet.” Some thirty years after Humboldt’s visit, M. Berthelot (m 1819) took up his abode in the ruined chambers of Za Casa Franchi, and gives the following lively picture * of the then state of the gardens and their vege- — tation :—‘ Les jardins du Manoir, jadis entretenus avec luxe, et dont je n’ai rien dit encore, étaient livrés & eux-mémes: depuis longtemps Ja nature en faisait tous les frais. Les haies de myrte, qu’on ne taillait plus, formaient des allées couvertes ou venaient se refugier tous les merles des environs ; les orangers et les citronniers poussaient 4 plein vent ; les rosiers croissaient en buissons au milieu des orties et des ronces. Au bord d'une piece d’eau, trois antiques cyprés et un palmier, qu’on apercevait de tous les points du vallon, complétaient l’aspect romantique de ce site 3 demi sauvage. Cependant, malgré les ravages du temps, ces jardins avaient conservé leur plus etonnante merveille : un dragonier s’élevait en face de mon logement, arbre étrange de forme, gigantesque de port, que la tempéte avait frappé sans pouvoir abattre. Dix hommes pouvaient a peine embrasser son tronc. Ce cippe prodigieux offrait 4 l'intériewr une cavité pro- fonde que les siécles avaient creusée ; une porte rustique donnait entrée dans cette grotte, dont la véute, a moitié entamée, sup- portait encore un énorme branchage. De longues feuilles, aigués comme des épées, couronnaient Lextrémité des rameaux ; et des blanches panicules, qui s’épanouissaient en automne, venaient jeter un manteau de fleurs sur ce déme de verdure. Un jour, Youragan furieux ébranla la forét aérienne : on entendit un épou- vantable craquement ; puis tout-i-coup le tiers de la masse ra- meuse s’abbatit avec fracas et fit retentir la vallée. Un superbe laurier fut emporté dans cette débacle, et tous les arbustes des alentours restérent ensevelis sous des monceaux de ruines. La date de cet événement est inscrite sur une plate-forme en ma- connerie qu’on a bitie au sommet du tronc pour recouvrir la crevasse et prévenir infiltration des eaux. Le colosse mutilé n’a rien perdu de son imposant aspect: inébranlable sur sa base et le front dans les nues, il poursuit le cours de sa longe- vité. Souvent j’allais m’asseoir au pied de l’arbre séculaire dont Yorigine se perd dans la nuit des temps. Que de generations ont passé sous son‘ombre! Les Guanches d’Orotapala (now Oro- - tava) le vénérérent comme un génie protecteur ; mals ce peuple de braves a subi son destin . . . depuis quatre cent ans il est aneanti, et le vieux dragonier, toujours de bout, brave encore les orages. Apres la reddition de Téneriffe (14.96) il servit de jalon aux soldats de l’Adelantado pour le tracé des lignes de partage, dans la dis- tribution des terres conquises. Dessiné sous tous les aspects, décrit dans toutes les langues, le vétéran de la vallée a fait Pad- miration des voyageurs mes devanciers. Un historien, méta- morphosant cet arbre extraordinaire, en fit le dragon des Hes- * Webb et Berthelot, Hist. Nat. des Canaries; Sert. Miscell. ; Séjowr a ?Oro- tava, p. 97. pérides, gardien des pommes d’or; Nicolas Monard, examinant son fruit a la loupe, crut voir sous l’enveloppe l'image du mon- stre fabuleux; et les botanistes modernes, jugeant le colosse par l'embryon, l’ont classé dans la famille des Asperges.” India is given, as well as the Canaries, by most botanical writers, as the native country of the Dragon’s-blood, but Dr. Roxburgh does not include it in his ‘ Flora Indica,’ nor does Dr. Wallich consider it a native; and who can gainsay such authorities? The tree derives its name from a resinous exuda- tion, known in commerce as “ Dragon’s-blood,” and which appears to have formed a considerable branch of exportation in the early times of the conquest of these isles, but which has never wholly fallen into disuse. Masses of this resin, which have been found in the sepulchral caves of the Guanches, would lead to the suspicion that the substance was employed for em- balming their dead. - Dzscr. A description of the ¢runé: of this tree, as seen in our own stoves or greenhouses, even when, as at Kew, they have attained a height of twenty-three feet, with the entirely unbranched stem scarred by the transverse lines or scars of the fallen leaves, with a single tuft of leaves at the top, very much resembling a Yucca, would give no idea of the appearance the tree puts on in its native isles in its maturer age. The state just mentioned is considered by M. Berthelot as the “ first age ” or infancy, which lasts, in their native country, from twenty-five to thirty years. He speaks of two other periods, “of maturity or of reproduc- tion ;” and thirdly, the aye or period of decay: “1a durée des ces deux ages est incalculable.” At the second age, the trans- verse cicatrices disappear, and the trunk is covered by layers which adhere together and increase gradually by the formation of new ones: hence the trunk sensibly increases in thickness, owing to the rapid formation of branches, and then commences the flowering period. “Parvenus a cette époque de leur per- fection, les Dragoniers continuent a croitre et semblent acquérir chaque année une vigueur nouvelle. Par l’effet de leur robuste organisation ils résistent aux vents les plus impétueux, bravent sur un sol volcanisé les rayons d’un soleil brilant et toutes les intempéries de l’atmosphére. C’est ainsi que, forts des avan- tages que la nature leur a prodigué, ils poursuivent lentement la longue carriére de leur existence.” In the age or period of decay, aerial roots appear, “les drageons parasites,” and glan- dular excrescences in the interior of the trunk as large as Cocoa- nuts, described and figured by Berthelot (/. ¢. p. 785. t. 39). — ‘The /eaves attain a length of three feet and more, and are very glaucous, coriaceous, firm, straight, narrow sword-shaped or linear, pungently acuminated, broad, somewhat sheathing at the base and contracted above the sheath. They vary much im breadth, from one to two inches, and Kunth enumerates four varieties depending on peculiarities of the foliage. Panicles from the leafy extremities of the branches, themselves leafy with foliaceous éracts: ultimate bracts minute. Flowers pedicelled, i clusters or fascicles, five or six from one point, easily caducous, if not fruit-bearing, owing to a joint near the middle of the pedicel, and the lower portion or articulation is swollen at the top and a little cup-shaped. Sepa/s pale yellowish or greenish white, oblong, obtuse, bearing the stamens at the base. Anthers oblong, two-celled. Ovary oval, glabrous, three-celled: ced/s with one ovule. Style as long as the ovary. Stigma three-lobed. Fruit a depressed-globose, yellow-green Jerry, with very thin pulp, one, two, or rarely three seeds coming to maturity. Seeds globose, pale brown. W. J. 7. Cur. This plant is recorded to have been introduced into this country before 1640, and examples of it have been known to attain a considerable height and age, but we are not aware of its ever having produced flowers except under the circumstances stated above. In Botanic Gardens this plant is generally placed in a house with Aloes, Agaves, and other succulent plants that ' thrive in a dry atmosphere and require very little water. For many years several specimens were kept in the old dry stove in the Royal Gardens, growing in large garden-pots. Their thick roots and the mould in the pots formed a compact ball, almost im- pervious to water, which at all times was but sparingly given them : under this treatment the plants grew and increased in height. In 1842, one of them, becoming too tall, was removed into a loftier house, adapted for the growth of tropical plants requiring a warm and moist air, and was shifted into a small tub. At that time it measured seventeen feet nine inches from the surface of the soil in the tub to the base of the lowest whorl of leaves ; it is now twenty-three feet in height, having grown five feet four inches in eight years, being at the rate of eight inches annually : this, according to our recollection of the plant thirty years ago, must be at least double its rate of growth when under the dry system of treatment. A modification of the latter, however, we believe to be more in accordance with the circumstances of the plant in its native locality. The specimen figured, Dr. Mac- kay informs us, was raised from seed in 1810, and at the time it was cut down (about three years ago) it measured — eighteen feet in height: this gives a growth of about five inches annually. From the above statements, it appears that this plant grows slowly or rapidly according to the degree of heat and moisture it receives ; but when cultivated in a moist atmosphere, little or no water should be given to the roots. With respect to ' the successful experiment of forming a new plant, as performed _ In the College Garden, Dublin, we have to observe, that many caulescent species of the family to which Dracena belongs, emit roots from their stems, and readily form new plants when cut down ; and we have an example of our tallest Dracena emitting roots several feet above the ground, from a part of the stem that had been injured. J. 8. The chief figure on our plate represents, on a very reduced scale, the great Dragon-Tree of Orotava, as it appeared in 1790; copied from Webb and Ber- thelot’s figure. Fig. 1. Portion of a leaf:—natural size. 2. Small portion of a panicle. 3. Flower. 4. Stamen. 5. Pistil:—watural size. 6. Transverse section of ovary. 8. Transverse section of a two-seeded berry. 9. Seed :— magnified. . 4572. Fitch del et Lith. Reeve & Nichols, imp +. 2: ee 5 gee Tas. 4572. EPIDENDRUM uIngEariro.uium. Narrow-leaved Epidendrum. Nat. Ord. Orncu1pe#.—GyYNANDRIA MONANDRIA. Gen. Char. Sepala patentia, subequalia. Petala sepalis equalia v. angus- tiora, rarius latiora, patentia v. reflexa. Zabellum cum marginibus column omnino v, parte connatum, limbo integro y. diviso, disco szepius calloso, costato vy. tuberculato ; nunc in calcar productum ovario accretum et cuniculum formans. Columna elongata; clinandrio marginato, sepe fimbriato. -Anthera carnosa, 2—4-locularis. Pollinia 4, caudiculis totidem replicatis annexa.—Herbee (Ameri- cane) epiphyte, caule nunc apice v. basi pseudo-bulboso, nunc elongato apice folioso. Folia carnosa, rarissime venis elevatis striata. Flores spicati, racemosi, corym- bosi, v. paniculati, terminales v. laterales. EprDENDRvM linearifolium ; pseudo-bulbis ovatis levibus cespitosis, foliis binis lineari-elongatis obtusis, panicula elongata laxa gracili, sepalis petalisque lineari-spathulatis patentissimis, labelli purpureo-picti fere liberi trilobi _ lobis lateralibus oblongis reflexis, intermedio subamplo rotundato integerrimo _ margine undulato, disco bicostato, columna superne biaurita. A native, probably, of Mexico. It was received at Kew as one of the collection of the late Mr. Clowes, but the name, if it had any, was effaced on the label. It does not appear to be any- where described: but its affinity is doubtless with a groupe of Epidendrum which I have called Hneyclia, and not far removed from #. gracile, Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1765, from the Bahamas ; differing, however, abundantly from it in the much more slender and graceful character of the whole plant, in the smaller and even (not corrugated) pseudo-bulbs, much narrower and longer leaves, and in the small lateral lobes of the labellum. ‘The colour and markings of the flower are different. The lip here, and espe- cially the lobes, are most beautifully veined with purple. Flowers in June. Descr. Pseudo-bulbs scarcely exceeding an inch in length, clustered, ovate, quite even on the surface, the younger ones more or less sheathed with scales, bearing at their summit two very narrow linear Jeaves, 8-10 inches long, carinate, acute. APRIL Ist, 1851. ‘The scape rises from between the two leaves, and is a foot long, bearing a lax slender graceful panicle of from 12-14 flowers. Sepals and petals spreading horizontally, purple-brown, yellowish at the apex, very acute. Zp with its base united to the lower part and decurrent with the long column, the sides embracing and including the latter, three-lobed, yellowish-white, delicately lined and veined with purple ; side lobes oblong, acute, reflexed ; middle lobe large, rotundate, waved at the margin. Column yellow, with blood-red spots, biaurite in front near the summit. Anther-case white, with crimson spots. WV. J. H. Cur. Epidendrum was the common name originally applied to the plants now called Epiphytal Orchids, of which twenty-five species are recorded to have been introduced into the gardens of this country previous to the beginning of the present century. A few were known in Millar’s time, for under the word Zpiden- drum, in his Dictionary, he states that these plants come from the West Indies, and that several kinds of soil had been tried for cultivating them, but without success; and he therefore considered it unnecessary to say more about them. There can be no doubt that the want of success in growing Orchids at that time was not entirely owing to improper soil, but rather to their not being placed in a suitable atmosphere. Even in our time, we remember seeing a very extensive collection of Brazilian Orchids potted in common soil, which in a short time all perished ; but when we also recollect that they were placed within a foot of a hot.brick flue, that the stunted appearance of the other plants in the house indicated a dry atmosphere, and that no shading from the sun was used, we cannot be surprised at the death of the “ pidendrums.” The name is now restricted to a genus which contains above 150 described species, the whole of which are natives of the West Indies and America, chiefly within or near the tropics. They vary much in size and aspect, some having showy flowers, while others are very incon- spicuous and only of interest to the botanist. The species figured grows and flowers freely in the tropical Orchid-house, attached to a block of wood suspended from the roof of the house ; it may also be grown in a shallow pot or pan, planted in turfy peat, which should be kept open with potsherds ; and, like other small Orchids, it should be placed near the glass, shading it during bright sunshine. J. S. Fig. 1. Column. 2. Labellum., 3. Pollen-masses :—magnified. 43573. Fitch,del et Lith. Reeve & Nichols, imp : Tas. 4573. ACACIA vropHy.ua. Pointed-leaved Acacia. Nat. Ord. Leguminos#.—PotyGamia PoLYANDRIA. Gen. Char. (Vide supra, Tas. 4306.) Acacta (§ Armate) urophylla; glabra v. hispidula, ramulis angulatis, stipulis setaceo-spinescentibus, phyllodiis petiolatis dimidiato-ovatis lanceolatisve obliquis subulato-acuminatis undulatis margine superiore sepius crenato binerviis v. fureato-3-4-nerviis transversim yenosis reticulatisve, glandula prope basin magna, pedunculis simplicibus (v. breviter racemosis), capi- tulis paucifloris glabris, Benth. Acacia urophylla. Benth. in Bot. Reg. 1841. Misc. .61. et in Hook. Lond. Journ. of Bot. v.1. p. 329. Lehm. Plant. Preiss. v. 1. p. 8. Acacia smilacifolia. Fielding, Sertum Plantarum, t. 3. (1848). 8. glaberrima ; foliis pallidioribus, floribus magis luteis. Would that all the species of the vast groupe of phyllodineous Acacie were as easily defined as this. The phyllodia are here of a very peculiar character, generally broad ovate, subfalcate, almost spinescently acuminated, with longitudinal and transverse nerves, as in Smilax, whence the appropriate. name of Mr. Fielding. The plant was raised from seeds sent in 1843, by Mr. Drummond, from the Swan River Colony (Preiss says, about Canning’s River and the Darling range of hills). It flowers in January and February. Descr. A moderate-sized shrub, with angular branches, and, the young phyllodia especially, pubescenti-hirsute. Phyllodia obliquely ovate, slightly falcate (the edges vertical), acuminated into a slender setaceous or spinulose point, hairy in a, glabrous in our 8, the upper edge obscurely crenate, the two surfaces marked with three nearly equidistant nerves, united by trans- verse ones, tapering at the base more or less gradually into a rather short footstalk, which bears a conspicuous gland at its sum- mit above. Stipules two, minute, subulate, red, spmescent. Pe- duncles two to five from one axil, each much shorter than the leaf, APRIL Ist, 1851. longer than the petiole, monocephalous. Flowers few, pale yellow, deeper coloured in 8. Calya and corolla each of four acute lobes. Stamens numerous: anthers subglobose. Ovary ovate, hirsute. Sfyle filiform. W. J. H. Cur. The genus Acacia, as now restricted, still contains about 400 described species, which are extensively diffused within the tropics of the Old and New World; they are also found in some extra-tropical countries, especially in Australia, which country alone contains more than one-half of the known species. ‘This genus, in its normal or typical form, has conju- gate and variously pinnated leaves, which character is common to all the species in their nascent or seedling state, and is per- manent with about one-half in all stages of their existence; the other species soon lose their true leaves, their place being sup- plied by the petioles, which take various forms, assuming the appearance and performing the functions of leaves. In a few instances the true leaves may be seen borne on the apex of a broad leaf-like petiole ; but the latter is readily known by its not having an upper and an under surface (as in true leaves), the two sides being vertical and uniform. With the exception of two or three species, the leafless groupe are all natives of Australia. They are found upon all the coasts, and equally diffused in the interior; and by their numbers they form a leading feature of the vegetation, some of the species by their glaucous and hoary aspect giving a peculiar character to the landscape, generally indicative of an arid country. As the seeds of Acacias, like those of most of the Leguminose, are not easily destroyed by long voyages, many of the species have from time to time been introduced into this country, more especially from the extra-tropical parts of Australia ; as they are, also, of easy culti- vation and many of them of. robust growth, and very showy when in flower, they have become favourites in the greenhouse, and for planting im large conservatories. The species figured requires to be kept in the greenhouse: it grows freely in a mixture of light loam and peat, and is increased by cuttings treated in the usual way. J. S. Fig. 1. Flower. 2. Pistil. 8, Small portion of a leaf :—magnijied. Reeve & Nichols ump. Tas. 4574. HEBECLINIUM tanrTHinum. Violet Hebeclinium. Nat. Ord. Composir#-EupaToRIACE®.—SYNGENESIA AIQUALIS. Gen. Char. Capitulum rultiflorum. Involucri campanulati sguame pluri- seriales, laxe subimbricatee, seepe in appendicem subcoloratam producte. Recep- taculum elevatum, superne plano-convexum, pube brevi conferta hirsutum et ideo fere piloso-fimbrilliferum. Achenia angulata. Pappus 1-serialis, pilosus, scaber. —Herbze australi-Americane pubescentes. Caules teretes. Folia opposita, petio- lata, cordata, acuminata, dentata. Corymbi terminales compositi, conferti. Corolle albe aut rosee.—Genus affine Eupatorio, sed differt receptaculo villoso et involucri squamis sepius appendiculatis. HEBECLINIUM ianthinum ; ramis petiolis pedunculis pedicellisque pube ferru- ginea vestitis, foliis amplis longe petiolatis rhombeo-ovatis acutis (basi cuneata integerrima) grosse mucronato-serratis supra pube brevissima sca- briusculis subtus pubescenti-canis, corymbo terminali composito polycephalo, capitulis ad apices ramulorum confertis ovatis multifloris ianthinis, acheenio angulato glabro, involucri squamis exappendiculatis. ConocLInium ianthinum. “ Morren, in Ghent Annals, May 1849.” Henfrey, in Gardeners’ Mag. of Bot. v.1. p. 185. An Eupatoroid plant, and very near, it must be confessed, to true Hupatorium. Professor Morren has referred it to Conocli- nium of De Candolle, but he, as well as Mr. Henfrey, point out some discrepancies, and the latter alludes to its affinity with Hebeclinium. n Hebeclinium native specimens of this species have long been in my herbarium, collected by Jurgensen and Linden (n. 463), not from St. Catherine, Brazil, as stated by the Belgian cultivator, but from Mexico, “pres de Vera Cruz et Zalapa” (Linden). It assuredly agrees better with Hebeclinium than with Conoclinium, and it is a close congener with Hebecl- nium macrophyllum, a common plant of Jamaica, and belongs to the same, or first, section of De Candolle. As a species, indeed, our plant differs abundantly in its large purple flowers and in the cuneate base to the leaf. It flowers in the winter APRIL Ist, 1851. months with us, and is then very ornamental. We owe the possession of our plant to Messrs. Hendersons, St. John’s Wood. Descr. An herbaceous rather than a shrubby plant. Stem and branches terete, clothed with rusty down. Leaves opposite, on very long petioles, often a span long, ovate, but decidedly cuneate and entire at the base, very acute rather than acuminate, coarsely and often doubly serrated, the serratures mucronate. Co- rymb \arge, the capitula clustered at the ends of the branches. Flowers remarkable for the exceedingly long purple styles, which have, at first sight, almost the effect of a many-flowered ray. The corollas are also purple. Achenium angular. Pappus of few scabrous sete. W.J. H. Cutt. A soft-wooded suffruticose plant, of easy cultivation. It may be grown in a pot, and flowers freely when not a foot high. Any kind of light open soil will suit it. It has hitherto been treated as a stove-plant ; but, judging from its affinity to Ageratum, and from its present appearance, we think that if planted out in the open border in the month of May, it will grow luxuriantly during the summer months. It increases readily by cuttings, treated in the usual way. J. 8. Fig. 1. Flower. 2. Anther :—magnified. ith Fitch del et Tas. 4575. WIGANDIA CARACASANA. Caraccas Wigandia. Nat. Ord. HypRroLEacer#.—PENTANDRIA DIGyNIA. Gen. Char. Calyx 5-sepalus, persistens. Corolla infundibuliformis. Stamina exserta. Styli 2, stigmatibus depresso-capitatis. Capsula bi- (potius uni-) locu- laris, loculicido-bivalvis. Placenta 4 (2), laminzeformes, primum coadunate de- mum liberee.—Herbee grandifolie, strigoso-hispidissine. Chois. Wieanp1A Caracasana ; hirta, foliis elliptico-cordatis duplicato-crenatis dentibus acutiusculis utrinque hirto-tomentosis, spicis apice revolutis secundifloris, ra- chide villoso-pubescente, sepalis lineari-lanceolatis incano-tomentosis acutis, corolle tubo brevi, staminibus basi ciliato-hirtis, capsula vix incano-pubes- cente. Wicanpia Caracasana. H.B.K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. Am. v. 3. p.128. Lindl. Bot. Reg. t.1966. Roem. et Sch. Syst. Veget.v.6. p.190. Spreng. Syst. Veget. v. 1. p.866. Choisy, in De Cand. Prodr. v.10. t. 84. Native of the Caraccas, as the name implies. Introduced - from Berlin to the English gardens. With us, it flowers in the stove in February, and makes a handsome appearance with its large pale violet flowers. Our plant is clearly the same as Dr. Lindley’s, and Dr. Lindley’s excellent figure is quoted under the W. Caracasana of Choisy, who had the opportunity of inspecting Humboldt’s original specimens. But Dr. Lindley observes, “ Planta culta in caldario orgyalis, a spontanea, quam coram habeo, diversa est foliis viridioribus, contextu laxiore, et aliquando costa venisque primariis hispidis, necnon floribus triplo majoribus. We find the same differences (save in the size of the flowers) between our cultivated plant and native specimens of what we believe to be specifically identical, from New Granada and from Trinidad. But it must be confessed that other species of //7- gandia present great variations and intermediate gradations which render their claims to specific identity extremely doubtful. Descr. Stem herbaceous, hirsute, every part, even when dry (save the flowers), green. Leaves alternate, five or six inches long, on rather long, hairy pedioles, elliptical cordate, acute, sinuate and dentate at the margin, the teeth rather sharp, APRIL Ist, 1851. pubescenti-hirsute on both sides, reticulated. Panicle or com- pound raceme terminal, branches patenti-hirsute, circinate, many- flowered. Flowers large, unilateral. Pedicels short. Calyw of five linear-lanceolate, hairy, erect sepals. Corolla pale violet- colour : the ¢wbe as short as the calyx, dim of five large, spread- ing, ovate, obtuse lobes, the sides a little reflexed. Filaments inserted near the base of the corolla. _Azthers oblong, sagittate. Ovary oblong, one-celled, with two placente, a transverse section of each of which nearly represents the letter T, the transverse portions meeting in the centre; their edges chiefly bearing the numerous ovules. Styles two, exserted. Stigmas dilated, de- pressed. W. J. H. Cuxr. A soft-wooded tropical plant, requiring the heat of the stove. A mixture of light loam, peat, and sand suits it, but care must be taken to have the pot well drained. It is readily in- creased by cuttings, planted in sand under a bell-glass, and plunged in bottom-heat ; but, being of a soft nature, they must not receive much water till they have formed roots. J. 8. Fig. 1. Stamen. 2. Pistil. 3. Section of ovary :—magnified. sree AE Oi Fitch del etlith . Reeve & Nichols imp- Tas. 4576. CHYSIS aurea; var. MACULATA. Golden-flowered Chysis ; spotted variely. Nat. Ord. OrcHIDE®.—GYNANDRIA MoNANDRIA. Gen. Char. Sepala paulo connata, patula; lateralia pedi producto column adnata et calcar simulantia. Petala sepalis conformia. Labellum trilobum, patulum, venis basi callosis. Colwmna marginata, canaliculata, mutica. Anthera subrotunda, opercularis, glabra. Pod/inia 8, in laminam luteam semifusa, quatuor exterioribus tenuibus quatuor interiora crassiora abscondentibus. Rostellum laminatum, convexum.—Herbe epiphyte, occidentales, ab arboribus pendula ; caulibus Cyrtopodii depauperatis, foliis nervosis basi vaginantibus, racemis Jatera- libus multifloris. Lindl. Cuysis aurea; bracteis parvis concavis ovario brevioribus, sepalis petalisque ovatis obtusis, labelli lobis lateralibus obtusis, intermedio majore carnoso bilobo hypochilio plicato, lamellis 5 carnosis subzequalibus parallelis basi pubescentibus et utrinque 3 aliis minoribus (potius venis elevatis), columna latissima carnosa cymbiformi antice pubescente. Lind/. Cuysts aurea. Lindl. Bot. Reg. t.931. Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 3617. : 8. sepalorum petalorumque parte superiore aureo-fusco tincta, labelli lobo medio purpureo-maculato. — Sent in January 1851 from the collection of Messrs. Lucombe and Pince, of the Exotic Nursery, Exeter. By them it was pur- chased at one of Mr. Stevens’s sales of Columbian Orchidee, in 1850, where it was entered in the catalogue as the “ Red Bull’s- mouth.” We were at first disposed to consider it a distinct species from C. aurea, levis, or bractescens, but a further investigation led to the conclusion that it was rather a highly coloured variety of C. aurea, to which, indeed, C. bractescens is very nearly allied, nor do I find the chief distinction which Dr. Lindley lays stress upon, available; viz. that on the labellum of C. aurea there are five principal ridges, and three minor ones on each side, all downy and diverging, “while in C. dractescens there are five equal ridges all smooth and parallel.” In our drawing of C. bractescens, now before us, the five ridges are all downy in their lower half, while in C. aurea, both a and 8, the three lesser APRIL Ist, 1851. lateral ridgés appear rather a kind of venation, such as is seen in the middle lobe also. In C. bractescens, the bracteas are larger and very concave, and the flowers are larger, and the lateral lobes of the labellum are larger than in C. aurea. The flowers are very fragrant. Dzscr. We have nothing to add to our description of C. aurea given at our Tab. 3617, save that in this variety the sepals and petals have their upper half occupied by a large orange-brown spot or blotch, and the middle lobe of the labellum is prettily spotted with purple. W. J. H. Cuxr. This beautiful epiphyte requires the temperature of the tropical Orchid-house. It thrives in a shallow pot or pan, filled with turfy peat-soil, and well drained with potsherds. The soil should be raised in a rounded form above the margin of the pot, so as to have the plant elevated, and to allow any superfluous waterings to pass off freely, that the soil may not become satu- rated. In winter, care must be taken that the plant does not suffer from excess of atmospheric moisture ; it is, therefore, ad- visable to remove it to a colder and drier house. J. 8. Fig. 1. Column and Lip. 2. Pollen-masses —magnified. GaFF. Reeve & Nichols, mip Tas. 4577. MORMODES arro-purPuREA. Black-purple Mormodes. Nat. Ord. Orcurpp*,—Gynanpria Monanpria. Gen. Char. (Vide supra, Tas. 4455.) * Mormopss atro-purpurea; pseudo-bulbis oblongis squamis*amplis imbricatis pallidis fusco-marginatis vaginatis, foliis . . . , floribus pendulis unicolo- ribus, sepalis petalisque arcte reflexis ovato-lanceolatis marginibus revolutis, labelli late obcordati velutini in stipitem basi attenuati lateribus revolutis, columna oblique torta breviter acuminata. a _ At our Tab. 4455 we gave the very pretty and singular Mor- modes lentiginosa, whose flowers are pale, freckled with dark purple. ‘The blossoms of the present species are of ¢ uniform dark purple or blood-colour, the sepals and petals wider, the lip much broader and velvety with short hairs. It was commu- nicated in January 1851, by our friend J. Dillwyn Llewelyn, Esq., from his collection at Penllergare, having been purchased by that gentleman at one of the sales ef plants of Mr. Warcewitz from Panama. Descr. Pseudo-bulbs clustered, oblong, striated, the old ones entirely sheathed by large, membranaceous, pointed scales, of a pale straw-colour, edged with dark brown. ‘The /eaves we have not seen. Scape a foot high, rounded, articulated. Flowers rather distant, pendulous, of a nearly uniform dark purple-brown, or between chocolate and blood-colour. Sepals and petals nearly uniform, ovato-lanceolate, their sides reflexed. The /p porrected, velvety with short hairs, broadly obcordate, tapering below into a stipes, the sides singularly revolute. Co/wmn pale, purplish- brown, not half the length of the lip, with which it is nearly parallel, but it has an oblique twist; the apex short, acute. W. J. HL. Cunt. This singular species of Mormodes requires the tempe- rature of the warm Orchid-house. It will thrive if potted in MAY Ist, 1851. rest very little water must be given, and it is best to remove to a cooler and drier situation, again replacing it in a warm moist atmosphere when it begins to show.symptoms of : grow In bright summer weather it should be shaded from the direct rays of the sun. J. 8. eenne wes RSA TSE pypyseren Nichols, amp Reeve & Tas. 4578. DOMBEYA mo tis. | Soft-leaved Dombeya. Nat. Ord. ByrrnERIACEm.—MONADELPHIA POLYANDRIA. Gen. Char. (Vide supra, Tas. 4568.) DomBeya mollis; arborea, ramulis pubescenti-tomentosis, foliis amplis molliter pubescentibus cordatis serratis trilobis lobis acuminatissimis rectis, stipulis ovatis acuminatis, pedunculis elongatis tomentosis apice dichotomis umbella- tis, filamentis-in tubum urceolatum unitis, petalis anguste lanceolatis falcato- flexuosis. AsTRAP#A mollis, Hortulan. . The largest of our Dombeyas, attaining, in our Palm-stove, a height of thirty feet, with a large spreading head of éranches. Itis an undescribed species (though nearest perhaps to D. triumfette- folia,* Bojer in Ann. Sc. Nat. vol. xviii. p. 191) and was received at Kew many years ago from France, under the name of 4s- trapea mollis. The species is remarkable for its large, soft, and compactly tomentose leaves, and the dense capitate umbels of small rose-coloured flowers with narrow petals. It flowers in March, and the scent resembles that of Hawthorn. Drscr. A free, much branched at the top, spreading ; young branches, petioles, leaves, peduncles, and calyces everywhere clothed with dense stellated down, quite soft to the touch. Leaves on terete petioles, often a foot long, themselves nearly as long, cordate with a deep sinus at the base, three-lobed, the lobes very much acuminated and straight (not diverging), everywhere sharply serrated, five- to seven-nerved. Stipules moderately large, ovato-acuminate. Peduncles six to eight inches long, rather stout, erect, two or three times forked at the apex; each branch * D. triumfettefolia ; “ caule suffruticoso glabro, foliis petiolatis ovato-oblongis 5-7-nerviis utrinque stellato-hispidis lobis acuminatis, pedunculis axillaribus bifi- dis, floribus corymbosis albis.”—It is singular if among Bojer’ s seven new species of Dombeya, described in the above work, this should not be included. MAY Ist, 1851. & bearing a capitate umbel of pale rose-coloured flowers. Calya of five, oblong, much acuminated sepals. Petals five, lanceolate, acuminate, falcate, but somewhat uncinate at the apex. Fila- ments of the stamens united into an urceolate tube. _Anthers fifteen, oblong. Sterile filaments linear, subpetaloid, thrice as long as the fertile ones. _ Ovary globose, stellato-hirsute. Style with five linear stigmas. W. J. H. Curr. This is an old inhabitant of the stoves in the Royal Gardens. Being a free and rude grower, specimens have several times attained a height beyond the accommodation afforded, but never produced flowers until, on being removed to the Palm- house, they had room to develope their wide-spreading branches. Being analogous in habit to Dombeya viburnifolia (Tab. 4508), it requires the same kind of treatment. J. 8. Fig. 1. Flowers ; the petals only removed. 2. Petal. 3. Pistil:—magnified. 4379 " et Pitch del Reeve & Nichols, >™P: Tas. 4579. RONDELETIA versicotor. Changeable-lowered Rondeletia. Nat. Ord. Rupracrm™.—PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA.: Gen. Char. Calycis tubus subglobosus, limbus 4-5-partitus, Jodis oblongis linearibusve acutis persistentibus. Corolla tubo cylindrico vix apice subventricoso, limbo patente 4—5-lobo, lobis subrotundis. dnthere 4-5, in apice tubi incluse, sessiles. Stigma bifidum. Capsula globosa, calyce coronata, bilocularis, ex apice dehiscens in’ valvulas 2 sepius apice fissas unde swpe 4-valvis videtur, nunc loculicido- rarius septicido-dehiscens. Placente centrales. Semina plurima, mi- nima, ovato-angulata, sepe 2 tantum in loculo maturescentia.—Arbuscule aut frutices omnes ex America. Folia plus minus petiolata aut subsessilia. Stipule deltoidee aut lanceolato-lineares, utrinque solitarie indivise, interdum intus hirsute. Pedunculi azillares sepius trichotomi, interdum in paniculam corymbosam termi- nalem dispositi, rarius tri- imo uniflori. De Cand. RONDELETIA versicolor ; pentamera, ramulis foliisque junioribus sericeo-villosis, foliis petiolatis ovatis acuminatis basi obtusis subcordatis (siccitate sub- coriaceis) supra glabriusculis subtus pubescenti-tomentosis, stipulis late ovatis patentibus pubescentibus, panicula trichotoma cymosa densa, floribus pubescentibus, calycis tubo globoso limbi dentibus 5 parvis, corolle tubo gracili infundibuliformi limbi (tubi longitudine diametro brevioris) lobis rotundatis disco sericeis. Sent by Mr. Seemann from Boqueta, Veraguas, Central Ame- rica, to the Royal Gardens of Kew in 1838. A handsome stove shrub, especially when its copious cymes of dense flowers are in perfection (March and April), and which are remarkable for the play of colours: the tube is yellow ; the limb in bud deep rose-colour, changing when they expand to pale rose and then to white, with a yellow disc, and having a two-lobed green spot in — the centre from the colour of the stigmas, which protrude a little beyond the mouth. It does not correspond with any of the many species now described of this genus ; its nearest affinity 1s perhaps with 2. cordata, Benth. (Rogeria, Planch. and Henfrey) from Guatemala, but that is nearly glabrous, and has sessile ~ leaves, broad and cordate at the base. : Duscr. A moderate-sized shrub, with “very bitter bark. MAY Ist, 1851. Branches obscurely four-sided, but compressed, younger ones and young leaves quite silky and shining. Leaves large, deep green, soft and submembranaceous when fresh, more hard and almost coriaceous when dry, ovate, acuminate, very obtuse or subcordate at the base, above in the adult foliage glabrous or nearly so, beneath and on the petioles (half an inch long) pubes- centi-tomentose, paler in colour, veins pinnated, prominent, be- — neath, a good deal reticulated, the reticulation most distinct in the dry state. Stipules deciduous from the older leaves, broad ovate, spreading, membranaceo-herbaceous, downy. Panicle downy, trichotomously divided and bearing numerous flowers, so as to form a more or less dense cyme, everywhere very downy, even the outside of the corollas. Calyzx-tube small, globose: teeth five, small. Corolla hypocrateriform; the /imh of five, spreading, rather wavy lobes, silky in the disc. Stamens quite included. Style a little exserted. Stigma two-lobed. W. J. H. Curr. This is a tropical evergreen shrub, flowering freely when not more than two feet high. It may be grown in a mix- ture of light loam and leaf-mould, or peat containing a portion of sand, well drained with potsherds. It requires a warm and moist, close atmosphere, and will grow more vigorously if placed in bottom-heat. Being an erect grower, it is desirable to stop the leading shoot, in order to form a bushy plant. It is readily increased by cuttings planted under a bell-glass and placed in bottom-heat. J. 8. Fig. 1. Flower. 2. Pistil :—magnified. 458. ay has << | = ese gt eS y GF (Ge gl ie ( on Ct J. 4. Fitch,del et lith. : * Reeve & Nichols 2p Tas. 4580. PERSEA GratTIssIMa. Avocado, or Alligator Pear. Nat. Ord. LaurackE#.—ENNEANDRIA Monocynta. Gen. Char. Hermaphrodite (pauce diclines). Perianthium profunde sexpar- titum, subsequale vel ineequale, magis minusve pubescens, persistens, demum ad basin &sque evanescens. Stamina fertilia novem triplici serie, quorum tria in- teriora glandulis binis globosis ad basin stipata: jilamenta filiformia, villosa ; anthere oblong, quadrilocellate, locellis oblongis inzequalibus, sex exteriorum anticis, trium interiorum retro spectantibus. Staminodia tria, capitulo distincto cordato-triangulari. Stigma discoideo-dilatatum. Bacca pedicello magis minusve. incrassato subcarnoso perianthio non mutato coriaceo aut chartaceo patente coronato insidens, eoque denique destructo pedicellam omnino nudum coronans. —Inflorescentia paniculata aut thyrsoidea, in quibusdam depauperata et paucifiora, e squamarum gemme axillaris aut terminalis fugacium azillis, ramulis subumbelli- Jloris minute bracteolatis. PERSEA gratissima ; foliis ovato-oblongis obovatisve utrinque acutiusculis subtus reticulatis pubescentibus novemcostatis glaucis, perianthii laciniis subeequa- libus oblongis, ovario glabriusculo, bacca pyriformi grandi. Nees. PERsEa gratissima, Gertn. de Fruct.v. 3. p. 222. Spreng. Syst. Veget.v. 2. p. 268. Nees. Laurin. p.128. Lindl. Bot. Reg. t.1258. Laurus Persea. Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 529. Willd. Sp. Pl. v. 2. p. 480. Dict. Sc." Nat.v. 25. p. 342, cum ic. Tussac, Fl. des Antilles, v. 2. p. 14. t. 8. Prunifera arbor fructu maximo pyriformi, Sloane, Jam. v. 2. p. 182. t. 222.f. 2. The “ Avocado,” or “ Alligator Pear,” yields a fruit never, that I am aware, known to be produced in Europe; nor am I aware that it has ever flowered in our stoyes save at Syon and Kew. In the West Indies it is highly valued, and cultivated, and in tropical America generally. It is presumed to be an aboriginal of these couiftries ; though some say imported to the islands from the South American continent. Why called A//igator Pear is not very evident. Perhaps the first word is a corruption of Aguacate, one of the names by which, according to Ulloa, it is known in Lima. The fruit is pear-shaped, yellow or brownish- green, often tinged with deep purple. Between the skin and the hard seed is a pale butyraceous substance, interspersed with greenish veins, and this is much eaten by all classes of people ; MAY Ist, 1851, its taste somewhat resembling butter or marrow, and hence is called the “vegetable marrow :”’ and this is so rich and mild that most people make use of some spice or pungent substance to give it poignancy: and wine, sugar, lime-juice, but mostly pepper and salt, are used. However excellent when ripe, the Avocado is very dangerous if pulled and eaten before maturity ; being known to produce fever and dysentery. “If you take the stone of the seed,” says Barham, “and write upon’a white wall, the letters will turn as red as blood, and never go out till the wall is white-washed again, and then with difficulty.” Descr. This éree attains a moderate size, with a straight trunk and rough bark, handsome in full leaf. Leaves alternate, deciduous in our stove (and when bare of leaves or nearly so, in the present instance in February, is the season when it bore flowers), four to six inches long, ovate or oval or oblongo-ob- ovate, with a short acumen, moderately tapering below into a Jootstalk about three-fourths of an inch long; the substance is between chartaceous and coriaceous, pinnately veined, glabrous above, more or less downy beneath, the margin quite entire. Clusters of flowers from the axils of the upper leaves or of the cicatrices of the leaves, peduncled. Pedicels short. Perianth rather small, green, downy, sexpartite : segments oval, spreading. Stamens nine, nearly as long as the calyx: filaments woolly ; anthers four-celled. The inner stamens have two capitate glands at the base of each. Staminodia three, resembling abortive stamens. Ovary downy, tapering into the style. Stigma obtuse. fruit the size and shape of an ordinary pear, very pulpy, con- taining one large seed in the soft butyraceous pulp, ovate, its mtegument crustaceous. A/bumen none. Embryo conform to the seed. Cotyledons very large. W. J. H. Curt. The Alligator Pear is extensively cultivated in the West Indies, especially in Jamaica. It does not appear to require any peculiar soil; the specimens imported we have observed to have been growing in earth of a stiff clayey nature. It needs to be grown in a warm and moist stove: it grows freely in light loam, but care must be taken to have it well drained and not to over- water it, particularly in winter, as_the roots, being of a succulent nature, are easily injured by any great and prolonged excess of moisture, especially during the period when the plant is not in an active state of growth; even in its state of greatest vigour it takes up water very sparingly. It is increased by cuttin » treated in the usual way. J. ee ee Fig. 1. Flower. 2. Stamen with glands, and a staminodium. 3. Pistil:— magnified. 4. Fruit (taken from Geertner, and coloured from Tussac) :—aatural size. 5. Transverse section of the same, showing the seed :—natural size. 4587, Fitch del et lith . _ oie Tas. 4581. HELLEBORUS «atro-rvuBEns. Dark-purple-lowered Hellebore. Nat. Ord. RANUNCULACE®.—POLYANDRIA PENTAGYNIA. Gen. Char. Calyx persistens, 5-sepalus, sepalis subrotundis obtusis magnis sepe viridibus. Petala 8-10, brevissima, tubulata, inferne angustiora, nectarifera. Stamina 30-60. Ovaria 3-10. Stigmata terminalia orbiculata. Capsula co- riacea. Semina duplici serie disposita, elliptica, umbilicata. De Cand. HELLEBORUS atro-rubens; foliis radicalibus glaberrimis pedatisectis subtus pallidioribus nitidis, caulinis subsessilibus pinnatipartitis, caule subangu- lato bifide ramoso, sepalis subrotundis coloratis. De Cand. HELLEBORUS atro-rubens. Waldst. et Kit. Pl. Rar. Hung. v.3. p.301. ¢. 271. De Cand. Prodr. v.1. p.47. Spreng. Syst. Veget. v.2. p.659. Reichend. Ie. Fl. Germ. t.110. A really handsome and hardy herbaceous flowering plant, blossoming when flowers are more especially welcome visitors, in February and March. The blossoms are large, spreading, at first rather a dark purple (hardly dark enough to justify the name atro-rubens), gradually changing to green as the fruit ad- vances to maturity. It inhabits woods and bushy places in the mountain districts of Croatia, and is especially abundant about Korenicz. ' : Descr. Root a branched tuber or cormus, throwing down very numerous long jiéres. Stem erect, herbaceous, dichoto- mously branched, glabrous, obsoletely angular. : Root-leaves coming to perfection after the flowers, pedate, shining, the lobes lanceolate, reticulated, finely serrated, shining, paler beneath. Stem-leaves with a sheathing base, almost sessile, less divided : uppermost ones or dracteas at length lanceolate, undivided. Pe- duncles mostly terminal and two-flowered. Sepals broad ovate, almost rotundate, spreading, dull but rather dark red-purple, per- sistent and changing to dull pale brownish-green. Petals wedge- shaped, a short compressed tube, open at the mouth. Stamens MAY Ist, 1851. _as long as the stamens. — pay ives clavate, hairy. . 6) Cots. A banal herbaceous, early-flowering plant, poe ‘ray inthe open ground in an Kind of gun si and renly Increased by seeds or by division of the roots ; the latter should — be done in autumn or earl im the spring. IB. Fig. 1. Petal (nectary of Linneeus). 2. Pistils :—magnified. 4-3 Fa, P 5 =) - & Fitch del Reeve & Nichols amp Tas. 4582. CANTUA BUxIFOLiIA. Bozx-leaved Cantua. Nat. Ord. PoLEMONIACE®.—PENTANDRIA MoNOGYNIA. Gen. Char. (Vide supra, Tas. 4386.) Cantua busifolia ; foliis subfasciculatis oblongis aut obovatis acutis v. obtusis basi cuneatis integerrimis v. inciso-paucidentatis. glabris vel pubescentibus, corymbis laxis, calyce tubuloso pubescente 5-dentato corolla triplo qua- druplove breviore, corolle tubo elongato strictiusculo limbo patente, stami- nibus subexsertis. Cantua buxifolia. Lam. Dict. v. 1. p. 608. Illustr. v. 1. p. 106. f.2. Benth. in De Cand. Prodr. v. 9. p. 821. Juss. in Ann. du Mus. v. 8. p.118. t. 8. Cantwa ovata. Cav, Ic. v. 4. p. 43. ¢. 368 (foliis glabris). Cantua tomentosa. Car. Ic. v. 4, p. 43. ¢. 364 (foliis pubescentibus). Cantua uniflora. Pers. Syn. Pl. v. 1. p. 187. PrRIPHRAGMOs dependens. Ruiz et Pav. Fl. Chil. et Peruv. v.2. p.18. t. 133. PERIPHRAGMOS uniflorus. Ruiz et Pav. Fl. Chil. et Peruv. v. 2. p. 18. When we spoke of this fine Cantua* (v. under Cantua pyri- Jolia, Tab. 4386) as producing flowers “full four inches long, and deep rose-coloured,” we took our idea of colour from the dried specimens. Handsome as they are, with their copious large blossoms, they are far exceeded by the living plant, now happily in cultivation and flowering with Messrs. Veitch of Exeter. The corollas are almost crimson, the tube marked with longitudinal yellowish streaks. It will be difficult anywhere to find a more truly ornamental flowering shrub. It is a native of the Peruvian Andes. Our drawing was made in April 1850. Well may Ruiz and Pavon speak of it as “ frutex, in flore spe- ciosa:” and no wonder that the Peruvian Indians, as the same authors tell us, adorn their chambers on feast-days with the gay blossom of this species. The ancient Indians called it the Magic-tree. Some of our native specimens have almost white flowers. Descr. A very much branched shrub; the dranches more or * Canta is the Peruvian name of this plant. MAY Ist, 1851. less downy. Leaves very variable, generally oblong-obovate, acute, tapering at the base, entire or sinuato-serrate, downy or glabrous. HVowers in a sort of leafy terminal corymb, drooping, very handsome. Calyz tubular, five-toothed, pale, membranous, with dark green streaks. Corolla hypocrateriform: tube very long, reddish-yellow, streaked with darker red; imd of five spreading, obcordate, red lobes. Stamens moderately exserted : anthers dark purple. Ovary seated on a fleshy annulus, or ring. Style longer than the stamens. Stigma trifid. W.J. H. Curr. An elegant flowering, branching shrub, of easy culti- vation, and capable of being trained into a neat bushy form. It proves to be a hardy greenhouse plant, and will thrive if potted in a mixture of light loam and peat-soil containing a portion of sand. It has not been long enough under our notice to enable us to judge of its hardiness, but, from its appearance and manner of growth, we believe it will grow freely in the open air during summer, if planted in a warm sheltered situation. Mr. Veitch informs us that with some slight protection it has withstood the two last winters in the open air, in Devon- shire; we may therefore infer that cultivated either as a pot or outdoor plant, it will succeed by treating it in the same way as the Fuchsia. It is readily propagated by cuttings treated in the usual way. J. 8. Fig. 1. Pistil :—magnified. 4583. \' \ \' — Fitch del et lith Reeve & Nichols, imp. Tas. 4583. FRANCISCEA caLycina. Large-calyxed Franeiscea. Nat. Ord. ScRoPHULARINEZ.—DIDYNAMIA ANGIOSPERMIA. . Gen. Char. (Vide supra, Tas. 4189.) FRanciscEa calycina ; foliis oboyato-oblongis ellipticisve vix acuminatis sub- coriaceis cauleque glaberrimis vel in nervo medio subtus hirtellis, cymis 2—4-floris, calyece amplo tubuloso inflato glabro, corolle tubo calycem bre- viter superante. BRuNSFELSIA calycina. Benth. in De Cand. Prodr. v.10. p. 199. Brsterra inodora. Vellozi, Fl. Flum. 6. t. 81. Franctscea confertiflora. Moore, Gard. Mag. of Bot. v.3. p. 73: We continue the genus Franciscea, as sanctioned by Mr. Miers, in the fifth volume, new series, of ‘Annals of Natural History,’ for the blue-flowered species of Brunsfelsia, though we fear Mr. Bentham’s views of the unsoundness of the generic distinction are too true. We find the present plant figured and described by Mr.Henfrey in the ‘Magazine of Botany,’ under the name of F. confertiflora, and the only synonym given is the Brunsfelsia confertifiora of Mr. Bentham, a species with which we are familiar, and of which there exists a splendid figure in Pohl’s ‘Plantarum Brasiliarum Icones:’ but the figure and description are totally at variance with our plant. It is unques- tionably the F. (Brunsfelsia) calycina of Bentham, figured, characteristically enough, in the ‘Flora Fluminensis, and well distinguished by the large inflated calyx and other characters. As we are indebted for our plant to Messrs. Lucombe, Pince, and Co., Exeter Nursery, who received it from Belgium, we presume that the Belgian horticulturists are answerable for any- thing wrong in the name, though that is not implied in the JUNE Ist, 1851. * ‘Magazine of Botany.’* It is a most lovely species, and must soon be a great favourite with cultivators. Our garden is further indebted for a flowering plant to Messrs. Henderson, Pine Apple Place. It forms a compact bush, blossoming readily when eighteen inches high: and, like other real Francisceas, the flowers are at first violet-blue, then white, or nearly so. Descr. A moderate-sized shrub, with terete, glabrous branches and copious evergreen foliage. Leaves alternate, on very short Jootstalks, nearly elliptical, entire, obtuse at the base, acute, or shortly acuminated at the point, glabrous, or with a slight degree of hairiness on the midrib beneath. Cymes few-flowered, gene- rally terminal. Pedicels thickened, as long as the calyx. Calyx large, elongated, tubular and inflated, glabrous, five-toothed at the apex. Corolla large, rich purple, with a white ring round the mouth of the tube, soon changing to a pale purple, and then almost to white. Tube curved downwards, not much longer than the calyx: dims oblique with regard to the tube, more than two inches across, of five, broadly obovato-rotundate, horizontally spreading and waved segments. Stamens and style quite in- cluded. WV. J. H. Cunt. A native of Brazil, and requiring to be grown in a warm stove. It forms a neat evergreen bushy shrub, and grows freely in a soil composed of about equal parts of loam, peat, and leaf-mould, with a small portion of sand. As the production of fine heads of flowers depends upon inducing a vigorous growth, young plants should be placed in bottom-heat, and shifted into larger pots as they increase in size and the pots become filled with roots. The pots must be well drained, and care must be taken not to shift the plants into pots of too large a size at once; for the new soil is apt to become sodden by the watering necessary for the supply of the roots. When this happens, it is best at once to remove the soil and repot the plant, using more caution in watering afterwards. All the species of Mranciscea readily increase by cuttings, planted in sand under a bell-glass, and plunged in bottom-heat. 7. §. Rs This is probably the plant alluded to in an article on the ‘ Culture of Fran- cisceas,’ in a recent number of the ‘ Gardener’s Chronicle,’ by M. Jungh, of eves GQMy a Reeve & Nichols imp TAB. 4584, WALLICHIA penstrtora. Dense-flowered Wallichia. Nat. Ord. PatmMacea&.—Mone@cra HexanpRia. Gen. Char. Wauticuia, Roxd.—Flores in caudicis multicipitis diversis spa-. dicibus (polygamo-) monoici (aut polygamo-dioici, Griff.). Spathe plures, pe- dunculanez, incomplete, distiche. Spadices deorsum evoluti, terminales et laterales, axe post omnium, quos ferebat, evolutionem moriente.—Masc. flores inferiores per paria dispositi, cum vel absque fceminei rudimento intra 2 brac- teolas conchzeformes delitescente. Caly# monophyllus, tridenticulatus trilobusve, aut triphyllus, sepalis distinctis imbricatis. Petala 3, valvata. Stamina 6 aut indefinita, antheris linearibus. Rudimentum pistilli nullum.—Fem. intra braec- teas 2 conchzeformes, solitarii aut pari masculorum effcetorum stipati (raro ex- cessu hermaphroditi, staminibus 3, Griff). Calyx et corolla 3-partita. Rudi- menta staminum nulla aut 8. Ovarium 2- raro 3-loculare, ovulis adscendentibus. Stigmata 2 vel 3, brevia, sessilia. Bacca exsucea, 2- raro 1- vel 3-sperma. Albumen quabile, solidum, cartilagineum. Embryo dorsalis.—Palme humiles, multicipite cespitose. Caudices aut subnulli aut arundinacei, breves, exhaustis spadicibus emorientes. Frondes in subacaulibus terminales, in caudescentibus quoque laterales, pinnate, pinnis cuneatis, antice varie sinuato-excisis lobatisve et eroso-denticulatis, multinerviis subtus albidis crassiusculis. Spadices laterales, axillares, ramosi vel simplices, intra spathas persistentes. Flores albi vel ochroleuci, foeminei viridi- purpurei. Bacce oliveformes, purpuree aut albide, succo 0b rhaphidum copiam acri pruriente. Mart. Waticuta (Harina) densiflora ; subacaulis, pinnis subtus albidis imis binatim fasciculatis reliquis solitariis lineari-oblongis basi breviter cuneatis integer- rimis ceterum sinuoso-lobatis dentatisque ut plurimum eroso-serratis obtuse acuminatis, florum foem. densi (div. 2) dispositorum bractea obliterata, ala- bastro globoso, corolle segmentis obtusis depressis ovario brevioribus. Mart. Waxticuta densiflora. Mart. Palm. v. 1. p. 189. e¢ Suppl. p. 190. Watticuia oblongifolia. Griff. in Cale. Journ. v.5. p. 486. A native of Assam, where it was detected by Wallich, Jenkins, and Masters, according to Martius; Griffith states that the Seha- rampore Garden collectors found it near Darjecling in Sikkim- Himalaya. Dr. Hooker remarks, it is common in damp forests at the foot of the Eastern Himalaya, extending at least as far west as Kamaon, where Dr. Thomson found it at an elevation of JUNE Ist, 1851. about 2,000 feet above the level of the sea. It is a very elegant Palm, and very beautiful when in fructification. The male and female spadices appear on the same plant, and arise from among a tuft of strong coarse fibres: the former enveloped in large imbricated spathas of a dark purple, streaked with yellow: these separate, and then a dense cluster of male spadices appear, of a nearly white colour. The male spadix is a compound spike, with violet-coloured ovaries. Such a plant is well suited to com- memorate Dr. Wallich’s labours in the field of science. His extended knowledge and his splendid works on Indian Botany, his liberal contributions to Kew and to every celebrated garden in Europe and the Colonies, and his generous and encouraging bearing to every student of plants, justly entitle him to a name among the “ Princes of the Vegetable Kingdom :” a name, too, given by his predecessor in the Directorship of the Calcutta Garden, Dr. Roxburgh. In as few words as we can, we must show the right that Roxburgh’s plant * has to the name Wallichia, in preference to Wallichia of other botanists who have delighted to honour our friend by a like compliment. Though the Palm had been long thus named by Dr. Roxburgh, it was not published till the ap- pearance of the third volume of the ‘ Plants of Coromandel,’ under the direction of Robert Brown, Ksq., in 1821. In 1824, Dr. Hamilton published this identical Palm under the name of Harina (a name having, probably, some reference to a deer), in his Commentary on the Hortus Amboinensis inserted in the fifth volume of the Transactions of the Wernerian Society of Na- _ tural History. In 1824, also, the late Professor De Candolle dedi- cated a Byttneriaceous genus to Dr. Wallich, in his ‘ Prodromus Syst. Natural. Plantar.’ vol.i.; but among errata, in the very last line of the volume, p. 740, he says, in explanation, though quite mistakingly referring to m1s Wallichia, “non Roxb. Cor., cujus Wallichia videtur Caryotee species.” In that part of the lithographic catalogue of the E. I. Com- pany’s Herbarium published in 1829, Dr. Wallich very properly altered De Candolle’s Wallichia to Microchlena, since there was already the good genus Wallichia of Roxburgh, established three years before De Candolle’s work came out. Wallichia of W.Jack’s MSS., mentioned in Dr. Carey’s edi- tion of Roxburgh’s ‘Flora Indica,’ vol. ii. p. 574, published in * In fact, Roxburgh himself had originally described the Palm in question under the name of Wrightia, but afterwards adopted the name Wallichia, on the former being applied to an Apocyneous plant by R. Brown, Esq.,in 1811. But the name Wrightia is still retained for the Palm in Roxburgh’s posthumous ‘Flora Indica,’ published very nearly thirty years after his death. 1824, (among additions and corrections) is Dr. Wallich’s Uro- phyllum of the same volume. Wallichia of Reinwardt, in Blume’s Hort. Buctenzoorg., pub- in 1823, p. 11 et p. 57, is Avanthes of Blume, Bijdr. Wallichia, Schumacher, MSS., is noticed by Hornemann in the ‘Danish Literary Gazette,’ no. 16, for 1846, p. 247. (It is one of Thonning’s Guinea plants.) The late Mr. W. Griffith has very properly adopted Rox- burgh’s Wallichia in his account of the genus inserted in the ‘Calcutta Journal of Natural History,’ vol. v. p. 482, 1845. And in the work on Palms by Von Martius, vol. iii. p. 315, in the editio posterior added to it in 1849, that author restores the name Wallichia (for Harina, which he had given in a previous volume of that magnificent work) ; subdividing Wallichia into two sections, namely, Harina and Ovania. W. J. H. Curr. It is seldom that we have an opportunity of offering remarks on the cultivation of Palms: this may in part be attri- buted to the want of show in their flowers, and the general lofti- ness of growth of the majority of the family. But the species figured may be viewed as an exception, for it is not only a dwarf or stemless Palm, but its large bunch of male flowers is con- spicuous on account of its singular-coloured spatha. Being a native of India, it requires the heat of a tropical stove, and grows freely in any kind of light garden-soil not retentive of water. The plant from which the drawing was made was intro- duced into the Royal Gardens some years ago, bemg then a small plant. As it increased in size and filled the pot with roots, it was duly shifted into larger pots, and ultimately into a plant-box two feet square, where it flowered, in the Palm- house. Although it produced both sexes of flowers, it did not, however, perfect its seeds. It may be increased by separating the suckers, but this must be done gradually, so as to allow the suckers time to have sufficient roots before they are quite sepa- rated from the plant. /. 8. Tab. 4584. Flowering plant :—much reduced. Fig. 1. Spathas of male flower before expansion :—zatural size. 2. Male flower and bud :—magnified. 3. Spike of female flowers forming fruit :—natural size. 4. Immature fruit :—mag- nified. 5, Transverse section of ditto :—magnified. AEBE pilih a rt ine AER - = By Reeve & Nichols, imp: Tas. 4585. RANUNCULUS $spicatus. Spike-fruited Crowfoot. Nat. Ord. RANUNCULACEZ.—POLYANDRIA POLYGYNIA. Gen. Char. Calyx 5-sepalus, sepalis basi non solutis deciduis. Petala 5, rarius 10, intus basi squamula foveolari nectarifera instructa. Stamina ovariaque plu- rima; caryopsides ovate, subcompresse, in mucronem aut cornu semine vix — longius desinentes, leves, striate, aut tuberculate, in capitulum globosum cylin- draceumve dispositee. De Cand. Ranuncutus (§ Ranunculastrum) spicatus; foliis subhirsutis, radicalibus petio- latis orbiculatis trilobis imis 5-lobis dentatis, summis 3-partitis lobis in- tegris linearibus, caule erecto paucifloro, calyce patente, carpellorum spica elongata cylindrica. Ranuncvuvs spicatus. Desf. Fl. Atlant. v.1. p. 438. ¢.115. De Cand. Prodr. v. 1. p.29. Spreng. Syst. Veget. v. 2. p. 646. Ranuncutvs Olyssiponensis. Pers. Syn. Pl. v. 2. p. 106. R. Lusitanicus, grumosa radice, &c. Tourn. Institut. 286. In the too great admiration of tropical botany, the hardy herbaceous plants of cooler regions are often lost sight of. The present Ranunculus has a place probably in few gardens, yet would prove an ornament to any, with its large showy and peculiarly glossy bright flowers, which moreover appear as early as April. It was first detected and described by Desfontaines as a native of Algiers, where it appears to be very common on the hills. We possess specimens also from Gibraltar, gathered by our friend Dr. Lemann. Like other species of Crowfoot, it is liable to vary in size and in the outline of its leaves: but our figure well represents the ordinary appearance of the species. The specific name is best understood at a later period, when the receptacle of capsules runs out in a long cylindrical’ spike. Descr. Root grumose, consisting of a dense cluster of fusiform fleshy fibres or tubers mixed with many capillary roots. Stem a foot or more high (less in its wild state), hirsute with short spreading soft hairs. Leaves more or less hairy: the lower ones JUNE lst, 1851. on long petioles, reniformi-orbicular, three- the lowermost five- lobed ; Zobes cuneate, generally again three-lobed and incised or toothed ; upper ones nearly sessile, wedge-shaped, deeply three- lobed and incised, the /odes linear-cuneate. FJowers one to six -upon a stem, on hairy, terete peduncles. Calyx of five ovate- oblong spreading hairy herbaceous sepals. Corolla two inches broad, in cultivation, of five, large, oblong, very glossy yellow spreading petals, with flabelliform, orange-coloured spots at the base. Stamens numerous, surrounding an oblong head of young carpels, which eventually lengthens into a narrow cylindrical spike.” W. J. H. Cur. A hardy, herbaceous, perennial plant, growing freely in any kind of garden-soil. It is readily increased by division of the roots or by seeds: J. 8. + Fig. 1. Pistil :—magnified. wISC. Tas. 4586. IXORA JAVANICA. Javanese Ivxora. Nat. Ord. RupiaceE#.—Trrranpria MonoeynIa. Gen. Char. (Vide supra, Tas. 4825.) Ixora Javanica ; foliis breviter petiolatis ovato-oblongis coriaceo-membranaceis brevi-acuminatis glabris basi acutis, stipulis e lata basi connata longe cus- pidatis, corymbo longe pedunculato trichotomo, calycis basi bibracteolati laciniis rotundatis brevibus erectis, corolle tubo filiformi sesquiunciali, limbi lobis obovato-rotundatis. Txora Javanica, De Cand. Prodr.v. 4.p.481. Walpers, Annal. Bot. v. 1.p. 373. Paverta Javanica, Blume, Bijdr. Fl. p. 949. From the collection of Messrs. Rollison, Tooting, who imported this very charming species of Jvora from Java, and with whom it blossomed in March 1851. It is handsome in the rich coral colour of the branches, in the full green of its copious foliage, and in the large corymbs of orange-scarlet flowers. The Z. Java- nica of Paxton, Mag. of Bot. v. 14. p. 265, is very different from this, and not Blume’s plant. Dzscr. A shrub, glabrous in every part, with compact branches, which are rounded, and the younger ones at least of a rich coral colour. eaves four to five or even six inches long, between coriaceous and membranaceous, ovate-oblong, acute or acuminate, entire, penninerved, and acute or more or less attenuated at the base, where it gradually passes into a short petiole, not a quarter of an inch long. Stipules from a broad con- nate and therefore amplexicaul base, terminating suddenly in a long cuspidate spine-like point. Corymé terminal, large, on a long peduncle, which, as well as the trichotomous branches, are deep coral-coloured. Calye almost turbinate, with two small dracteoles at the base: the /imé of four, erect, rounded, obtuse /obes. Tube of the corolla an inch and a half long, slender filiform, red: Amé an inch across, deep orange-red, the /odes horizontally patent, obovato-rotundate. Anthers linear, when perfect lying at the JUNE lst, 1851. mouth of the corolla, but very deciduous. Style as long as the tube of the corolla; its thickened bifid stigma a little exserted. W. J. iH. Cutt. This, like the majority of the genus, is a showy species. Being a native of Java, it requires to be cultivated in a warm and moist stove; and this is not only necessary in order to pro- duce luxuriant growth, but also to prevent the plants from be- coming infested with insects, to which the species of this and other allied genera are very commonly subject, and which often cannot be got rid of without making the plants look very un- sightly and producing an unhealthy condition. Pits heated with fermenting stable-litter or leaves, are well suited to the growth of such plants as Zzora; the confined and moist atmosphere en- courages a vigorous growth, and this, with the vapour arising from the fermenting matter, are great preventatives of the breeding of insects. The soil may consist of about one-half light loam and peat, or leaf-mould, with a small quantity of sharp sand, and care must be taken to drain it well, and, in shifting, not to overpot it. This, like the rest of the genus, is readily in- creased by cuttings treated in the manner generally recommended for the propagation of hard-wooded stove plants. J. 8. Fig. 1. Calyx and pistil :—magnified. 43587, Fitch del et lith. Reeve & Nichols, imp- Tas. 4587. FORSYTHIA viripissima. Dark-green-leaved Forsythia. Nat. Ord. OLEacrE#.—D1IanpDRIA MONOGYNIA. Gen. Char. Calyx byevissime campanulatus, 4-partitus, deciduus. Corolla subcampanulata, 4-partita, tubo brevissinfo, lobis estivatione contortis. Stamina 2, imo tubo inserta, inclusa. Ovarium biloculare, Jocudis pluriovulatis. Stylus brevis. Stigma capitato-bilobum. Capsula ovata, compressiuscula, sublignosa, corticata, bilocularis, loculicido-bivalvis, valvis medio septiferis. Semina in loculis numerosa (Zuce.), pauca (Endl.), sub-4 (Bung.), pendula, anguste alata. Embryo in axi albuminis carnosi, cotyledonibus foliaceis, radicula brevi.—Frutex Chinensis, ramis oppositis; gemmis squamosis ; foliis oppositis, ternis quaternisve, petiolatis, simplicibus vel ternato-pinnatisectis, serratis. Flores ante folia nascentes, € gemma solitarii, pedicellati, lutei, rubro-striati. De Cand. Forsytuta viridissima; ramis erectis tetragonis, foliis simplicibus oblongis et oblongo-lanceolatis petiolatis versus apicem serratis dimidio inferiore in- _ tegerrimis, floribus ante folia breviter pedicellatis geminatis cernuis, sepalis subrotundis convexis ovarii longitudine. Lindl. Forsytutia viridissima. Lindl. in Journ. of Hort. Soc. v.1. p. 226, et in Bot. Reg. 1847. t.39. Walp. Repert. Bot. p,501. The original Forsythia, established on a Chinese plant culti- vated in Japan, where it was introduced from China, appears to have been introduced into Holland in 1833 by M. V. Pistorius : but has never been cultivated in England. That species is called F. suspensa, from the fact of a common form or variety of it having lax pendent branches: it has ternate leaves, broad obovate segments fo the corolla, and longer calycine lobes. Our plant bears the open air exceedingly well against a wall, and produces its copious bright yellow flowers while the leaves are yet but partially expanded. Introduced to Europe by Mr. Fortune. Dzscr. A branching shrub four to six feet high. Branches erect, angular, darkish brown. eaves (appearing after the flowers) oblong or ovato-lanceolate, or altogether lanceolate, acute, serrated in the upper half, tapering into a short rend age nerved. Peduncles short, solitary or in pairs from the sides o the branches, each arising from a scaly bud. Calye deeply cut JUNE Ist, 1851. into four oval, concave, membranaceous, green does, as long as the tube of the corolla. Corolla large, yellow, rotate rather than campanulate ; fude very short, limd of four" spreading, oblong, obtuse segments, everywhere glabrous. Stamens two, inserted near the base of the corolla, short, included. _Anthers oblong. Ovary nearly globose. Style longer than the tube of the corolla. Stigma bifid. W. J. H. Cut. This is a shrub of recent introduction, and appears to be quite hardy, but, on account of its early vernation, the young leaves are apt to be affected by our late spring frosts. It forms an erect bushy shrub, grows in any kind of garden-soil, and increases readily by cuttings or by layers. J. S. Fig. 1. Tube of the corolla, laid open. 2. Pistil. 3. Stamen :-—magnified. 4 IBS, Reeve & Nichols, imp- Tap. 4588. ACACIA uitspipisstma, De Cand. Ihispid Acacia. Nat. Ord. Leaumtnosm.—PoLyGaMIA POLYANDRIA, Gen. Char. (Vide supra, Tas. 4306.) Acacta hispidissima ({ Pulchelle) ; ramulis pubescentibus et piloso-hispidissimis, spinis axillaribus subulatis, foliorum pinnis unijugis, petiolo brevissimo sub- mutico, glandula longe stipitata (v.* nulla ?), foliolis 5-7-jugis v. linearibus glabris nudis v. margine scabriusculis ciliatisve, capitulis globosis. Benth. Acacia hispidissima. De Cand. Prodr. v.2. p. 455. Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. _ Bot. v. 1. p. 388. Walp. Repert. Bot. v. 1. p. 908. Acacta Cycnorum? Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. v.1. p. 388. Walp. Repert. Bot. v. 1. p. 908. A Swan River plant, introduced by Mr. Drummond. There ‘ are four Acacias enumerated by Mr. Bentham as nearly allied to, and perhaps not really distinct from, each other; A. pulchella, Brown, figured in Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 212 ; 4. /asiocarpa, Benth. ; A. hispidissima, De Cand. ; and 2. Cycnorum, Benth., —all from the Swan River settlement. Our plant accords best with the A, hispidissima, except that it should have pedicellated glands on the leaves, whereas both our native and cultivated specimens are destitute of them: in this particular agreeing with the 4. Cycnorum, which, however, ought to have pubescent and not very hispid branches. It may thus, we think, fairly be conceded that 4. Cycnorum and A. hispidissima are but varieties of each other. The present is a very handsome species, having much larger leaflets and much larger capitula of flowers than 4. pul- chella, and these flowers of a rich deep yellow colour. It is, further, much stouter and more compactly growing than that Species, forming very dense masses of foliage, and equally dense globose heads of flowers. Dzscr.: A much-branching shrw4, with angular dranches, and these branches and branchlets, and peduncles too, downy and densely hispid with spreading hairs, varying much in length. JULY Ist, 1851. Leaves copious, nearly sessile, dark green: pomre umpjugate, bearing five to seven oblong /eaffets, which are obtuse, glabrous or ciliated. A sharp acicular reddish spime is situated at the base of the leaf, and is about half its length. From the base of the leaf also the peduncles appear, generally in pairs, shorter (usually) than the leaf, and bearing a dense golden head of nume- rous little fowers. W.J. H. Curr. This showy Acacia, like most of the Australian species _ of that genus, requires the protection of the greenhouse. It thrives in a mixture of Jight loam and sandy peat-soil, and, being a free grower, is well adapted either for planting out in the conservatory border or for growing in a pot. If due attention is paid to training and stopping the leading shoots, it will soon form a neat round bushy plant, and in spring present a gay appearance when in flower. It is increased by seeds, which vegetate readily in a moderate heat. /. 8. s Fig. 1. Portion of a branch, with leaf, spine, and capitula. 2. Leaflet :— magnified. : : ae imp 43S. Reeve & Michols a Fives, Del et Lah els Tas. 4589. ATACCIA cristata. Crested Ataccia. Nat. Ord. Taccacr®.—Hexanpria MonoGynia. Gen. Char. Flores hermaphroditi. Perigonit corollini tubus cum ovario con- natus : /imbus superus, sex-partitus, /aciniis interioribus majoribus, reflexis, per- sistentibus. Stamina 6, basi laciniarum limbi inserta : filamenta lata, superne concava ; anthere introrse, biloculares, loculis discretis, parallelis, concavitati intus adnatis, erectis. Ovarium cum perigonii tubo connatum; placentis parie- talibus tribus, bilobis, axim fere attingentibus, subtriloculare. Ovula plurima, amphitropa. Stylus brevis, crassus, trisulcus ; stigma capitato-trilobum, lobis emarginatis. Bacca semitrilocularis, polysperma. Semina lunata. Embryo mi- nimus, in basi albuminis carnosi ab umbilico remotus.—Herba in Indie orien- talis (Americeque tropice) humidis vigens; radice tuberosa, subconica, foliis om- nibus radicalibus, petiolatis, ovato-oblongis, acuminatis, venosis, integerrimis, pe- tiolis canaliculatis, basi subvaginantibus, scabris, scapo basi foliorum vaginis velato, indiviso, umbella terminali simplict, involucro subtetraphyllo, foliaceo, floribus pedicellatis, pedicellis filiformibus, sterilibus intermixtis. Endl. Ataccta cristata ; involucri foliolis tetraphyllis duabus seriebus insertis quorum 2 interioribus superioribus unilateralibus erectis maximis ovato-rotundatis inferne longe attenuatis 2 exterioribus oppositis ovato-acuminatis patentibus, pedunculis sterilibus copiosis semipedalibus, foliis oblongis, scapis petio- lisque erectis elongatis levibus. . Araccta cristata. Kunth, Enum. Pl. v. 5. p. 466. Tacca cristata. Jack, Malay. Misc. in Hook. Bot. Misc. v. 2. p. 73. Tacca Rafflesiana. Jack, in Wall. Cat. n.5172. Both Endlicher and Kunth, though they follow Pres! in adopting this genus Afaccia for the entire-leaved species of Tacca, yet express their doubts as to the propriety of the sepa- ration. I am incompetent to pronounce, through a want of recent specimens of the original Zacca, on the value of the dis- tinctions : but, judging from the figures and dried specimens, the difference is more in habit than in essential character. acca has multifid leaves and tuberous roots, and may be considered an annual plant. Awtaccia has entire leaves, a short. subterra- neous conical stem or caudex, quite different from the tubers of the former. There is no difficulty, therefore, in recognizing the respective genera. & A. cristata, the subject here figured, has been long cultivated in the stove of the Royal Gardens of Kew, under the name of Tacca integrifolia, Gawl., and is a native of the Malay Islands and Archipelago. acca aspera, Roxb. (7. integrifolia, Gawl. in Bot. Mag. t. 1488, and of Roxb. Coromandel plants, vol. in. t. 257), from Chittagong, may be known by the short scape or flower-stalk, which, as well as the petioles, are scabrous. Tuacca JULY Ist, 1851. levis, Roxb., from “ Silhet Gualpara, and Chappedong (Wall.) and Assam, is easily recognized by the four sessile uniform leaves of the involucre, and small and slender habit. 7Zucca lanceafolia, Loll. (Ataccia, Kth.), is probably a variety of the latter.—All these are Indian : but I possess another and distinct species from Demerara, South America, with a creeping rhizoma! There are few more remarkable-looking plants in cultivation than our Afaccia cristata. Dzscr. Root a few coarse fibres, issuing from a short, under- ground, conical, descending caudex or rhizoma, marked with the rings or scars of fallen leaves, and here and there throwing out small tubers or gemmz. eaves three or four, all from this short caudex. Petioles semiterete, smooth: the dade oblong, acuminate, dark purple-green, penninerved, nerves mostly pro- minent beneath. Scape about as long as the leaves, erect, stout, angled, dark purple, smooth: terminated by a large, dark-purple, four-leaved, membranaceous involucre : the two outer leaflets op- posite, sessile, ovato-acuminate, striated, patent, two inner placed side by side, erect, very large, greenish, striated, reticulated, edged with purple ; the shape broadly ovate, acute, but tapering into a long, narrow, deep purple base. Peduacles numerous, dark purple, about two inches long, terminated each by a single flower, and forming a drooping unilateral wmdel: these floral peduncles are accompanied by several (external) long, tapering, filiform sterile ones, six inches long, which spread out in their lower portion, while the rest of the tendril-like peduncle droops. Perianth dark purple: the fube turbinate, six-angled, for the greater part united with the ovary ; the Zim sexpartite, suddenly reflexed ; the segments or lobes in two series, outer smaller, the inner larger, all ovato-rotundate, acute, striated, the rim of the mouth forming a crenated ring. Stamens six, within the mouth of the tube : filament broad, the margin lamellate and _plaited, the back cohering with the perianth ; anther cucullate, two-celled : pollen globose. Ovary adherent with the calyx-tube, one-celled, having three longitudinal, furrowed, parietal placentae, bearing several ovules. Style short, conical, six-furrowed. Stigma of three, broad obcordate, green, reflexed, plaited lobes; the edges of the plaits ciliated. W. J. H. Curr. This singular tropical plant is of easy cultivation. It grows and flowers freely in a moist, warm stove. A mixture of light loam and peat-soil suits it, and, being a native of moist places, it requires a copious supply of water. It increases freely by offsets, which are produced from the sides of the erect rhizome-like caudex ; these offsets, when separated, root readily in small pots placed in a close moist atmosphere. J. 8. Fig. 1. Section of a flower. 2. Portion of the perianth bearing a stamen. 3. Style and stigma :— magnified. 4390 imp. Reeve & Nichols Tas. 4590. - BERBERIS Darwinu. Mr. Darwin's Berberry. Nat. Ord. BerBerIDE#®.—HExanprRiIA MonoGyntia. Gen. Char. (Vide supra, TaB. 4308.) BerBeris Darwinii ; ramis junioribus rufo-pubescentibus, spinis brevibus pal- mato-partitis, foliis rigide coriaceis nitidis discoloribus cuneatis apice tri- fidis margine paucidentatis dentibus lobisque spinescentibus, racemis co- piosis folio longioribus, pedicellis flores vix superantibus gracilibus, baccis glauco-nigricantibus (una cum stylo persistente) lageniformibus. Berseris Darwinii. J/ook. Ic. Plant. v.71. ¢.672. Moore, Gard. Mag. of Bot. 1851. 129 cum ic. Lindl. et Paxt. Fl. Garden, 1851. t. 46. Of all the Berberries yet known in cultivation, no one cer- tainly is more beautiful than the present, and, in my late visit paid to the two unrivalled Nurseries in Exeter, Messrs. Lucombe and Pince and Messrs. Veitch, it was a great treat to see this flourishing in the open air, in the collection of the latter (Messrs. Veitch), by whom it has been introduced from South Chili by their collector, Mr. William Lobb. ‘The leaves are copious and glossy, the racemes of flowers are of a rich golden colour, and the peduncle and pedicels are often beautifully tinged with red. Its first discoverer was Mr. Darwin: and it appears to have been since found by every naturalist visiting Chiloe or the opposite coast of South Chili. Descr. A moderate-sized shrub, with dark brown Jéranches, the younger ones clothed with rufous pubescence. Leaves co- pious, sessile, cuneate, coriaceous, firm and very glossy, dark green above, pale beneath, the apex trifid, the lobes spinescent, one or more spinous teeth often appear lower down from the apex of the leaf. Stipulary spines short, palmated, firm. Ra- cemes very abundant, drooping. Peduncles, pedicels, and small 6racteas more or less tinged with red. Pedicels slender, rather longer than the flower. Calyx of six sepals, three outer smaller, JULY Ist, 1851. ovate, orange-red, three inner of the same size and shape (ob- long, concave) and colour as the petals, slightly spreading. Co- rolla of six, erect, moderately concave, deep golden or orange- coloured peta/s, emarginate at the apex and having two glands at the base within, one on each side the base of the filament. Stamens shorter than the petals. Anther opening by two oblong valves. Ovary oblong-ovate, tapering into a thickened syle. Stigma peltate, large. W. J. H. Cuxr. This fine species of Berberry proves to be quite hardy in the climate of Devonshire, and forms a handsome evergreen bush. It is said to be found, in its native country, growing near the limit of the summer-line of snow, but we fear that it does not come from a sufficiently high southern latitude to warrant the supposition that it will bear with impunity the severity of some of our winters, except in favourable situations in the southern and western counties near the coast. J. 8. 2 Fig. 1. Flower. 2. Petal and stamen. 3. Pistil :—magnified. Reeve & Nichols, imp- Tas. 4591. PITCAIRNIA exscapa. Stemless Piteairnia. a Nat. Ord. BRoMELIACE®.—HEXANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Gen. Char. (Vide supra, Tas. 4241.) PITCAIRNIA exscapa; caule brevissimo psendo-bulboso, foliis fere omnino radica- libus lineari-elongatis tenuissime longissime acuminatis integris, vaginis in- flatis margine superno ciliato-asperis, spicis radicalibus capitatis ovatis imbricatim bracteatis subsessilibus, bracteis lanceolato-acuminatis exte- rioribus calycibusque hirsutis spinis acicularibus nigro-fuscis intermixtis, petalis lineari-oblongis galeato-curvatis basi intus nectariferis. This very curious and rather handsome Pifcairnia was de- tected, as an infant plant, among some Orchidacez purchased from New Grenada, by Mr. Jackson of the Kingston Nursery, Surrey. They were carefully reared, and our figure represents two of them in a flowering state. The species is remarkable for the great length of the very attenuated leaves, and no less so for the sessile and densely bracteated spike of red flowers. I can nowhere find such a species described. It belongs, as far as the structure of the flower is concerned, to the same groupe — as Pitcairnia suaveolens, Lindl., figured in Botanical Register, t. 1069, that is to say, where the petals have a certain twist, occasioning their apices to point one way, and there is, moreover, a curvature there, giving a galeated character to these petals. We possess, from New Grenada, two other stemless and scapeless (or nearly so) Pitcairnias, and there, too, the bracteas are mixed with black spines: but in those the spines themselves bear short spreading spines on the sides. A kind of pseudo-bulb is Descr. Stemless: or nearly so. : formed at the base of the plant, sheathed by the dilated, dark brown bases of the outer leaves. ‘The /eaves, therefore, may be said to spring from the root; and are, many of them, full three feet long, like those of a coarse Carer, linear, carinated exter- nally and gradually attenuated into a very long narrow point, quite JULY Ist, 1851. entire, glabrous, a part of the upper margin of the sheath being alone ciliated, rather strongly so. From the centre of these leaves appears a nearly sessile, ovate head of flowers, in part con- cealed by numerous éracteas, imbricating each other; the inner ones longer, narrower, yellowish-green, glabrous, the outer *brown, broader, and hairy or cobwebby: these bracteas are intermingled with a few strong, acicular, almost brown spines. Calyx quite concealed by the bracteas, yellow-green: sepals lanceolate, acuminate, hairy. Pefa/s red, curved and galeate, bearmg a notched scale at the base within. Stamens shorter than the petals. Ovary superior, trisulcate. Style elongated. Stigmas three, twisted. W. J. H. Cutt. This plant requires a warm stove, and thrives in any kind of light open soil not retentive of moisture. Care must be taken not to water it too copiously. The old roots of this species, like those of many of its allies, after a time lose their vitality, and, by their continued increase, become a nidus of support to the succeeding young roots; but in cultivation it is advisable occasionally to turn the plant out of the pot and divest it entirely of the old roots, at the same time cutting away the lower part of the caudex, which will also be found to be dead. The plant on being repotted will soon emit young roots, and show a more vigorous growth. It is increased by offsets, and our plant shows at this time the appearance of producing perfect seeds. J. S. Fig. 1. Flower. 2. Petal. 3. Pistil —magnified. sans g, iS Nee ie tom 4392. Reeve &Hichols. aap: Ta. 4592 | ge PYXIDANTHERA BARBULATA. _ | es Bearded Pyaidanthera. Nat. Ord. Drapenstacka®.—PENTANDRIA MonoeyNIa. Gen. Char, Calyx imbricato-tribracteatus, pentaphyllus, foliis membranaceis subeequalibus. Corolla hypogyna, subhypocraterimorpha, limbi quinquefidi laci- niis zstivatione imbricatis. Stamina 5, corolle fauci inserta, ejusdem laciniis — alterna ; filamenta brevia, petaloidea, dilatata ; anthere biloculares, transversim bivalves, valvula inferiore aristata.' Discus hypogynus nullus. Ovarium trilocu- lare, loculis pauciovulatis. Stylus simplex ; stigma brevissime tridentatum. Fruc- tus: capsula 3-locularis, 3-valvis, (Torrey) oligosperma.—Suffruticulus Joreali- ~ americanus, repens, ramulis assurgentibus, foliis inferioribus oppositis, superioribus confertim alternis, coriaceis, cuneato-lanceolatis, basi interiore barbatis, integerrimis, in marginem ciliatum subdecurrentibus, flore terminali solitario, inter folia sessili. Endlicher. PYXIDANTHERA * Jarbulata. ' PyxrpanTuERa barbulata. Mich. Fl. Bor. dm. v.11. p.132.t.1%. ; Drapensta barbulata, EU. Sketch, v.1. p.229. Torrey, Fl. North. and Middle St, p. 231, \ ° Drapenstia cuneifolia. Salish. Paradis. Lond. sub tab. 104. Pursh, Fl. Am. o.1.p.148.. Spreng. Syst. Veget. v. 1. p. 623. , Early in the month of May I was gratified on the arrival of the Royal Mail Steamer from New York, with tufts of this charming little plant sent me by Mr. Evans of Radnor, Delaware, gathered in the Pine-barrens of New Jersey, as fresh and as full of perfe flowers as if that day removed from the native soil. These have given me the means of publishing the accompanying figure, : which, as far-as we know, no other representation has been given than the very indifferent one of Michaux. The genus we think - correctly distinguished from Diapensia by the aristate anthers and few-seeded capsules and habit. It is more difficult to de- termine the place of this little family. It clearly belongs to the _“ Corollifore,” yet De Candolle has hitherto passed it b Brown removes it from Convolvulacee, where Jussieu was in- clined to place it. Salisbury referred it to Hricacee, but appa- _* A name of Michaux; derived from fis, ugidos, a dor, the anthers opening tenngvorsely; Like the lid-of gbox. 5 2 re JULY Ist, 185]. | ae rently with little reason ; and Endlicher says of it, “ Hricaceis affinis.” Dr. Lindley places it between Loganiacee and Stil- bacee.—If it should prove easy of cultivation Pyexidanthera _ would make a charming rock-plant : the rose-coloured buds are _ as pretty, nestling among the copious foliage, as the fully ex- panded white flowers.: Descr. A small, tufted, procumbent, creeping, and wide- spreading shrub, having a long fap-root in the centre of the tuft: dranches terete, slender, younger ones woolly. Leaves alternate, cuneato-oblong, very acute, almost aristate, the young — ones woolly at their base within, and hence the specific name of “ barbulata.” That character disappears in the older portions of the plant. Flowers solitary sessile, from little branches with ro- _ Sulate leaves. Calyx of five, concave, reddish sepals, as long as the tube of the corolla., “Corolla monopetalous, white : ¢wbe short : | _ limb of five, rounded-cuneate, spreading, slightly crenated Jobes. Stamens in the sinuses of the corolla. — Filaments broad, white, “almost petaloid, bearing a drooping yellow anther of, two almost globose lobes, opening transversely, and bearing an awn on the lower valve. Ovary ovate, with’ a thickened ring at the base, three-celled, few-seeded (four or five in each cell) attached to a cen- tral placenta. Style as long as the tube of the corolla, Stigma of three small spreading rays. 7. J. H.. ___ Cuur. We have several times received from the United States _ flowering tufts of this very small shrub ; but although they have been placed under different kinds of treatment, both in the open — _ air and under protection, we have not yet succeeded in keeping them long alive. Dr. Asa Gray informs us that the shrub _ grows in the warm “ pine-barrens ” of New Jersey, in low but hot wet places, generally on little Knolls, fully exposed to the Sun, in a soil of pure sand mixed with vegetable mould. We , either from cuttings or from seeds. /. 8. Fig. 1. Portion of a branch with old corolla with a stamen. 4. Pistil, 5 ’ leaves. : Woes. 3. Portion of the - Transverse section of the ovary, with 4-39F. es Tan. 4593. LEUCOTHOE NERIIFOLIA. Oleander-leaved Leucothée. Nat. Ord. Ertcacem.—Drcanpria Monoeynta. Gen. Char. (Vide supra, Tas. 4314.) LevcoryéE xeriifolia; glaberrima, ramis_teretibus (siccitate subangulatis), foliis cordato-oblongis subacuminatis mucronato-acutissimis pungentibus basi emarginatis brevissime petiolatis coriaceis subtus minute reticulatis, racemis axillaribus erectis (seu erecto-patentibus elongatis), rachide pedi- cellisque asperulis, bracteolis minutissimis, floribus secundis, corollis (cocci- neis) ovato-urceolatis, limbo 5-partito laciniis mediocribus patentibus acutis. Lrucorniés neriifolia. De Cand. Prodr. v. 7. p. 605. ANDROMEDA neriifolia. Schlecht. in Linnea, v.1. p. 522. AGARISTA neriifolia. Don, Gard. Dict. v. 3. p. 838. Levucoruér crassifolia. De Cand. Prodr. v.71. p. 605. _ANDRomuDa crassifolia. Pohi, Pl. Bras. v. 2. p. 34. Agarista Pohlii. Don, Gard. Dict. v, 3. p. 837. This handsome plant quite corresponds with what we believe to be LZ. neriifolia, De Cand. (Andromeda, Schlecht.), first found by Sellow in tropical Brazil, then by Mr. Gardner in Minas Geraes (n. 4989 of his Brazilian collection) ; and we equally believe Z. crassifolia to be a mere form of the same, nor are we sure that the Andromeda subrotunda of Pohl, PI. Bras. vol. ti. p. 32. t. 121, is not also a short-leaved and short-racemed variety of it. Under our ZL. pulchra (supra, Tab. 4314), we were in- duced to express an opinion derived from an inspection of our dried specimens, that the ZL. crassifolia was probably not different from that ; and truly, save in the shorter leaves, nearly erect racemes, red flowers, and somewhat shorter corolla, with a more distinct limb, we can hardly point out any specific distinction. This is worthy of a place in every greenhouse. Our flowering specimen was communicated by Mr. Cunningham of Comeley Bank Nursery, without any history or note of its introduction. The ovary is remarkable for producing at its base, in all the AUGUST Ist, 1851. flowers we examined, simple or branched subulate filaments, which from their position may be considered abortive stamens. Duscr. A moderate-sized shrub, with very coriaceous, eyer- green, oblong deaves, gradually acuminated at the pot and then ending in a mucro, the base cordate, footstalk very short, gla- brous on both sides, minutely reticulated beneath. Raceme solitary, from the upper axils of the leaves, much longer than they, nearly erect, very handsome. Rachis and pédicels red, indistinctly rugulose (under a glass) with very minute acicular bracteoles. Calyz red, deeply five-cleft. Corolla bright scarlet, between ovate and urceolate, very thick and fleshy : Zimb mode- rately large, of five, acute, spreading lobes. Stamens ten. Fila- ments flexuose, subulate, hairy. Anthers gibbous at the base, biporous. Ovary globose, five-lobed, on a five-lobed disk. Style jointed on the ovary, incrassated upwards. W.J. H. Curr. The genus Lewcothée contains above thirty described species : four of them are found in Madagascar and Bourbon, the remainder are natives of the American continent, extending from South Brazil to the ‘southern states of North America. Those from the latter country have been known in our gardens under the names of Andromeda axillaris, coriacea, &c., and are sufficiently hardy to bear the severity of our ordinary winters ; but the more southern species, although natives of elevated regions, are not hardy enough for this climate without protection. The species figured is one of the latter class, and should be treated as a greenhouse plant. It thrives in light peat-soil well drained. It should be placed in a cool shady house or pit, espe- cially in summer, for, like the generality of Ericaceous plants from elevated regions, it is apt to suffer by full exposure to the sun of this climate. J. 9 ‘ é Fig. 1. Flower. 2. Stamen. 3. Pistil with abortive stamens ?—magnified. | -7 SS o /— os Tas. 4594, ALLAMANDA nerurotia. Oleander-leaved Allamanda. Nat. Ord. ApocyNE®.—PENTANDRIA Monoeynia. Gen. Char. (Vide supra, Tas. 4351.) ALLAMANDA xerijfolia; erecta glabra, foliis oblongis brevi-petiolatis acuminatis, paniculis* multifloris aphyllis, calycis lobis ovato-lanceolatis patentibus, corollee tubi parte constricta perbrevi vix calycem superante basi dilatata angulata reliqua (seu fauce) elongata infundibuliformi-campanulata, limbi lobis rotundatis acutis. ALLAMANDA neriifolia. Hortul. Received by Messrs. Lucombe and Pince, of the Exeter Nur- sery, from the continent, under the name- here adopted, but I can nowhere find it described. Its habit is extremely dif- ferent from that of any described species, as is the form of the corolla, with its singularly short contracted base of the tube, swollen and angled at the base, and the very elongated upper portion: the colour is a deep almost golden yellow, and it is streaked with orange. “The plant,” observes Mr. Pince, ** from which the specimen was cut, is now only three feet high. It commenced flowering when but eighteen inches high. © The first and largest cluster consisted of thirty finely expanded flowers. I consider it one of the finest of our stove-plants, taking up little room, and making a noble appearance.” What I saw of this plant in Messrs. Lucombe and Pince’s Nursery, in the month of June, fully substantiates this praise. _ Descr. An evergreen shrub, with copious and handsome foliage, everywhere glabrous. Leaves oblong, on short petioles, acuminated, deep green above, pale and reticulated beneath. Panicle of many flowers, in reality terminal, but, by and by, lateral from innovations or young shoots which again terminate with clusters of flowers. Calyz of five, ovato-lanceolate, spread- ing /obes. Corolla smaller than in our 4. Schott (Lab. 4351) or A. Aubletii (Tab. 4411), but deeper-coloured than either, and | elegantly streaked with orange. In shape it is quite different — AUGUST IsT, 1851. from both, the lower and contracted portion of the ¢wbe being very short, swollen, and angled at the base, the rest of the tube or faux is bent at an angle and much elongated, between funnel- shaped and campanulate : the lobes are rounded, acute, spread- ing. Stamens and pistils quite included. W. J. H.. Cutt. This, like the other species of the genus, requires to be grown in a warm and moist stove. It is a free-growing plant of scandent habit, and is well adapted for planting against a back wall or for training up pillars : it also flowers freely when treated as a pot-plant, the branches being supported either by stakes or a wire trellis. A mixture of light loam and leaf-mould suits it ; and during the season of growth it needs a free supply of water. It is readily increased by cuttings, treated in the manner usually recommended for stove-plants. J. S. 4593, Tas. 4595. ARBUTUS mo tuts. Soft-leaved Arbutus. Nat. Ord. Ertcacrm.—DeEcanpria MonoGynia. Gen. Char. Calyx 5-partitus, segmentis acutis non imbricatis. Corolla glo- boso-urceolata, ore contracto 5-dentato. Stamina 10, inclusa, filamentis barbatis, antheris brevibus, loculis 1-aristatis. Stigma truncatum. Capsula 5-locularis, 5-valvis, loculicido-dehiscens. Placenta 5-loba. Semina elliptica, compressa, nitida, hylo laterali lineari (Don).—Suffrutex ix hemisphera boreali sparsus gla- berrimus, Folia atterna, lineari- aut subovali-lanceolata, integerrima, margine revoluta, subtus glauco-albida, breviter petiolata. Flores subterminales, fere um- bellati, pedicellati, nec ut in icone Eng. Bot. t. 713 subsessiles, etiam per maturitatem erecti. Bractewe ovate. Corolle albe aut rosee. ArButTus mollis ; foliis oblongis acutis subintegerrimis serratisve subtus canes- centi-tomentosis, racemis paniculatis tomentosis, pedicellis secundis curvatis bracteatis, bracteis ovatis, floribus cernuis, corolla lageniformi parte inferiori insigniter inflata, ore contracto, limbi lobis 5 rotundatis patentibusy fila- mentis basi valde dilatatis hirsutissimis, ovario granulato villoso. Arsotus mollis. H. B. K. Nov. Gen. Am. v.3. p.279. De Cand. Prodr. v.17. p. 582. Spreng. Syst. Veget. v. 2. p. 286. A native of Mexico, and, according to Humboldt, of Guanaxato, and sent to our gardens by M. Van Houtte from Ghent, under the name we have adopted. Messrs. Humboldt and Kunth, however, say, “ precedenti (4. Xalapens?) simillima ;” indeed, Mr. Ben- tham, under A. densiflora, T1.B.K. in ‘ Plante Hartwegiane,’ has remarked “an ‘species plures Kunthii hujus tantum varietates ? All four of that author approach very near each other, and our specimens show them to be very variable in the form and margin of the leaf, and in the more or less dense spike. ‘This fine species flowers in a warm greenhouse in June. — Duscr. A handsome evergreen shrub, or perhaps small ree, with alternate /eaves, which are coriaceous, oblong or oblongo- lanceolate, between acute and acuminate, the base sometimes acute, sometimes obtuse, the margin pretty strongly serrated, above glabrous or partially tomentose, beneath clothed with ashy AuGusT Ist, 1851. tomentum, or sometimes of a slightly ferruginous tint. Racemes terminal, forming a lax panicle, the lower ones spreading or de- curved. Rachis stout, downy. Pedicels downy, curved down- wards, hence secund, bracteated ; dracteas small, ovate. Calyx small, deeply 5-fid, spreading. Coro//a large, ampullaceous or lageniform, glabrous or downy, white or greenish rose-colour ; the lower portion forms an inflated ring, the rest of the tube is hemispherical, tapering into a short contracted mouth: /imé of five small rounded lobes. . Stamens ten: filaments singularly dilated a little above the base and very hairy ; anthers of two compressed cells, each with a decurved awn at the back. Ovary globose, granulated, hairy, surrounded by an hypogynous ten-lobed annulus. Style columnar. Stigma depresso-capitate. W. J. H. Cuurt. .An Arbutus which, like the other Mexican species of the genus, is tolerably hardy, but not sufficiently so to enable it to endure the cold of our winters without some kind of protection. It is, therefore, necessary to treat it as a greenhouse plant. It grows well in a mixture of light loam and peat-soil, and may be increased by cuttings or seeds, or by grafting it on stocks of the common Arbutus or of species of allied genera. J. S. Fig. 1. Flower. 2. Calyx and Pistil. 3. Stamen :—magnijied. Reeve & Niche Tan. 4596, CATHCARTIA viuuosa. Villous Cathcartia. —< Nat. Ord. Papaverace#.—PoLyaNnpRIA Monoeynta. Gen. Char. Calyx diphyllus, foliolis estivatione imbricatis, caducis. Corolla petala 4, subrotunda, hypogyna, decidua. Stamina 25-30, hypogyna : filamenta filiformia gracilia; anthere terminales, oblongze, biloculares, /oculis latere longi- tudinaliter dehiscentibus, connectivo interposito. Ovarium cylindraceum, 5-6- sulcatum, uniloculare. Ovuda numerosa, in placentas filiformes 5-6 intervalvu- lares demum liberas, anatropa. Stigma amplum, sessile, hemispheericum, carno- sum, ovario latius, persistens, 5—6-radiatum, radiis lamelliformibus. Capsula erecta, stricta, siliquiformis, teres, unilocularis ad apicem, infra stigma persistens, fere ad basin 5~6-valvis, valvis linearibus : placentis filiformibus liberis ad apicem stigmati unitis. Semina numerosa, ovalia, compressa, scrobiculata, strophiolata, subcristata.—Herba annua vel biennis ex Himalaya orientali, pilis longis fulvis patentibus villosa. Caulis teres, subsimplex. Folia inferiora, radicalia precipue, longe petiolata, cordata, subpalmatim seu pedatim 5-loba, lobis lobulatis, foliis supe- rioribus sessilibus, supremis pinnatifido-lobatis. Pedunculi terminales avillaresque. Flores cernui, Calyx hirsutus. Petala flava, magnitudine Papaveris Rheadis. Anthere aurantiace. Stigma viride. Catucartta villosa, Hook. fil. MS. Found in Sikkim-Himalaya by Dr. Hooker, and reared in the Royal Gardens from seeds sent by him in the winter of 1850-1. It flowers in June, and may be treated as a hardy annual: the seeds ripening in July. The long, shaggy, fulvous hairs and bright yellow flowers give it a handsome appearance. In its foliage it differs remarkably from any of the Papaveracee with which I am acquainted, and no less in the fruit. It has the stigma of Papaver, while the mode of dehiscence corresponds rather with that of Roemeria. We cannot question its forming a new genus, which is named by Dr. Hooker in compliment to J. F. Cathcart, Esq., B.C.S., late Judge of Tirrhoot, who during a residence at Darjeeling devoted his whole time to the illustration of the botany of that neighbourhood, and super- intended the execution, by native artists, at his own expense, of a collection of upwards of 700 folio coloured plates of Hima- layan plants. These drawings, which are of great botanical AUGUST Ist, 1851. value, and embrace a multitude of new plants and others of the greatest beauty and rarity, are, by the liberality of their possessor, placed at Dr. Hooker’s disposal for the illustration of the Botany of Sikkim. W. J. 7. Cutt. This new Papaveraceous plant was raised from seeds, received last year from the elevated regions of Sikkim-Himalaya. It appears to be a perennial-rooted plant, but we must await the result of next winter, in order to know whether it is sufficiently hardy to bear the open air of this climate. Hitherto we have kept it in an airy frame, where it has flowered and produced perfect seeds. In summer it may be planted out in the open air in a cool shady place; but at the same time care must -be taken that it does not remain’ long saturated with moisture, for, on account of the soft and villous nature of the leaves, a con- tinued excess of moisture may cause them to damp off. J. S. +397, Reeve & Nichols amp Tas. 4597. PRIMULA SiKKIMENsIs. Sikkim Primrose. Nat. Ord. PrrmuLaceEz.—PENTaNDRIA Monoaynia. Gen. Char. (Vide supra, Tas. 4550.) Primuta (Aleuritia) Sikkimensis; foliis obovato-oblongis obtusis rugulosis ar- gute duplicato-dentatis in petiolum subzequilongum attenuatis, scapo elongato, floribus umbellatis terminalibus, involucri foliolis lanceolatis erec- tis sessilibus, calycibus farinosis brevi-tubulosis 5-fidis corollz tubum equan- tibus, corolla (flava) subinfundibuliformi lobis rotundatis emarginatis, an- theris sessilibus obtusis, ovario subgloboso, stigmate peltato-capitato. Mention has been already made of this pretty Primrose in our ‘ Kew Garden Miscellany,’ vol. iii. p. 128, when speaking of the Cankrienia chrysantha of Java (Primula imperialis, Jungh. MS.), where it is said in a note, ‘“ Among the numerous draw- ings recently sent home by Dr. Hooker from Sikkim-Himalaya, is one of a yellow Primula that vies with the Cankrienia, and of which that traveller relates, ‘It is the pride of all the alpine Primulas, inhabits wet boggy places at elevations of from 12-17,000 feet, at Lachen and Lachong, covering acres with a yellow carpet in May and June.’”’ Seeds transmitted by Dr. Hooker to the Royal Gardens produced plants which flowered in May of the present year; and from one of which our figure is taken. It is, perhaps, the tallest Primu/a in cultivation, and very different from any hitherto described. Descr. Stemless. eaves all from the root, erecto-patent, 8-9 inches to a foot long (including the petiole), obovato-oblong, thin and submembranaceous, but strongly reticulato-venose, not farinose, obtuse, the margin doubly and sharply toothed, the thickened médrid and nerves prominent beneath, where the hue is paler than above; they taper into a long broad red petiole about equal in length to the leaf. Scape a foot to two feet high, erect, ‘terete, pale green, bearing an umbel of lemon-yellow AUGUST IsT, 1851. (rather than golden) flowers, about the size of those of P. vul- garis. Involuecre of 5-7 leaflets, which are sessile, slightly fari- nose, erect, lanceolate, a little tinged with red, about half the length of the pedicels. These latter are slightly spreading. Calyz tinged with purple, farinose, tubular-oblong, as long as the tube of the corolla, five-lobed about half-way down, dodes erect, rather obtuse. Corolla with the tude as long as the calyx, the mb subcampanulate, the mouth being wide, not at all con- tracted, naked, the /oses of the limb moderately spreading, roundish, emarginate. _Anthers oblong, obtuse, sessile, inserted near the bottom of the tube. Ovary round-pyriform. Style as _ long as the tube. Stigma capitate, but depressed on the top, hence subpeltate. W. J. H. Cur. A free-growing species, partaking of the habit of the common Primrose, and therefore more permanent under artificial cultivation than, the fugacious Primula capitata from the same country (figured at Tab. 4550). During the winter we kept the young plants under the protection of a frame; and we shall not know, until next winter has passed, whether this species is sufficiently hardy to withstand, unprotected, the cold of our winters. It is increased by offsets or by seeds. J. 8. Fig. 1. Portion of corolla laid open. 2. Pistil :—magnified. TAB. 4598. ALLIUM Casprium. Caspian Onion. Z Nat. Ord. ASPHODELE#Z.—HEXANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Gen. Char. Oalyx corollaceus, 6-sepalus, regularis, persistens ; sepala ima basi connata, uninervia, patentia vel campanulato-conniventia ; ixteriora sepe alius forme et longitudinis. Stamina 6, basi sepalorum inserta, exserta vel inclusa. Filamenta subulato-filiformia, inferne magis minusve dilatata, interiora sepe mem- branaceo-dilatata, superne ad utrumque latus dente, lobulo vel cuspide filiformi instructa ; exteriora semper inappendiculata, seepe breviora.et angustiora. dnthere biloculares, introrse, ellipticee vel oblong, basi sinuato-bilobee, dorso medio affixee, Ovarium liberum, sessile, tri- vel interdum, ob septa centrum haud attingentia, uniloculare ; ovuda in loculis duo, adscendentia, collateralia, rarissime plura (3-6) vel solitaria, campylotropa (amphitropa, Endt.). Stylus filiformis, erectus. Stigma obtusum vel capitellatum, interdum bifidum. Capsula membranacea, trigastra, tri-, rarius septis incompletis unilocularis, loculicido-trivalvis ; valvis medio septiferis ; stylo in axi demum libero, persistente. Semina in loculis 1 vel 2, rarissime plura, segmentum sphere referentia, angulo ventrali supra basin immediate affixa, atra, subtilissime granuloso-punctulata ; ¢esfa membranacea, albumini carnoso ‘adnata. Embryo parum excentricus (homotropus, Endl.), subperiphericus, cylindraceo-fili- formis, subuncinato-curvatus (falcatus, Nees ab Esenb.); radicula juxta hilum sita. —Herbe bulbose, olide ; bulbus tunicatus, interdum e rhizomate horizontals enatus. Scapi inferne foliati vel subnudi, solidi vel fistulosi. Folia canaliculata, semicy- lindracea vel teretia, sepius cava, interdum plana, plerumque angusta, Urtbella terminalis, spatha 1-2-valvi membranacea marcescente cincta, interdum bulbillifera. . Flores erecti, rarius pendulr, cum pedicellis haud articulati. Kth. Attium ({ Molium) Caspium; foliis oblongo-linearibus subacuminatis glaucis, umbella multiflora laxa ampla subglobosa, pedicellis longissimis strictis basi bracteolatis, sepalis oblongis obtusiusculis, staminibus sepala duplo fere superantibus. AuLium Caspium, Bieb. Flo. Taur. Caucas. v. 1. p. 265.0. 3. p. 260. Pall. It. v. 8. p. 548. Don, Mongr. All. 85. Spreng. Syst. Veget. v. 2. p. 36. Kunth, Enum. Pl. v. 4. p. 445. AMARYLLIS Caspia, Willd. Sp. Pl. v. 2. p. 62. Crinum Caspium, Pall. It. App.n. 135. t. @. ” Native of the deserts of Astrachan and Tezzier. Dr. Stocks finds it in Scinde, and obligingly sent bulbs to the Royal Gardens, which flowered in May 1851. It has so little of the ordinary appearance of an Onion, that Willdenow called it an AUGUST IsT, 1851. age Amaryllis, and Pallas a Crinum. It has, however, all the cha- racters of Allium and the same savory odour. Duscr. Bulb ovate, clothed with thin membranaceous pellucid coats more or less tinged with red. eaves from the lower portion of the.stem and from the root, linear-lanceolate, glaucous, slightly acuminate, sometimes waved. Stem or scape varying much in height, from two, it is said, to ten feet, terete, glaucous. Spatha of two, reflexed, membranaceous, pale brown eaves. Um- bel lax, a span wide, nearly globose, of very numerous pedicels, dense at their point of origin, (4~5 inches long) so long and so spreading on the lower ones, that they have a lax appearance in the circumference; they are slightly thickened beneath the flower. Perianth of six, oblong or narrow, slightly acute sepals, green, tinged with purplish-red. Filaments deep red, much longer than the sepals. Auéhers oblong, of the same colour as the sepals. Ovaryslightly stipitate, globose, three-lobed. Style fusiform, bright red, tapering to a sharp point. W. J. H. Cur. A bulbous-rooted, herbaceous plant, stated to have been introduced above twenty years ago, but still rare in collections. Coming from the region of the Caspian, it may be expected to be quite hardy, but as the plant from which this figure was made came to us from Scinde, we have treated it as somewhat tender, having kept it in a frame during last winter. It flowers during the early part of the summer, and has now produced perfect seeds, but does not appear to increase so freely by the production of offsets as the generality of the species of this extensive genus. J. 8. - Fig. 1. Flower. 2. Pistil :—magnified. - ST FF 4. ; imp Tas. 4599. PEDICULARIS mo tuts. Soft-leaved Indian Lousewort. Nat. Ord. ScRoPHULARINEZ.—DIDYNAMIA ANGIOSPERMIA. Gen. Char. Calyx tubulosus vel campanulatus, antice et interdum postice plus minus fissus, apice 2—5-dentatus, dentibus raro equalibus, lateralibus connatis vel liberis, cristato-dentatis vel integris, postico seepissime minore integriore vel integerrimo ‘aut deficiente. Corolle tubus cylindricus vel ad faucem paulo am- pliatus; galea compressa obtusa integra vel antice sub apice utrinque dente aucta vel in rostrum truncatum vel bidentatum producta; labium inferius basi suberectum, supra bicristatum, lobis 3 erectis vel seepius patentibus vel deflexis, lateralibus rotundatis, intermedio minore vel rarius quali, per estivationem extimo. Stamina sub galea didynama; filamenta omnia vel 2 postica saltem basi seepius pilosa (pilis tamen in eadem specie non constantibus); anthere transverse, per paria vel omnes arcte approximate, loculis equalibus muticis vel in sola P. grandiflora aristatis. Capsula compressa, ovata vel lanceolata, plus minus falcata vel obliqua preesertim ad apicem; postice ab apice versus basin et antice seepius brevius loculicide dehiscens, valvulis medio septiferis. Semina in parte inferiore capsule lateraliter -affixa, ovoidea, majuscula, ¢esta appressa vel laxiuscula, foveolato-rugosa vel leviuscula. Hméryo parvus vel elongatus. Radicula ad apicem fructus spectans.—Herbee plereque montane utriusque orbis, in hemispherio australi perpauce, in Siberia et in terris arcticis numerose. Folia alterna vel verticillata rarissime subopposita, semel pluriesve pinnatim divisa vel rarius simpliciter dentata, a radicalibus in floralia deerescentia. Flores spicati vel rarius racemosi, ebracteolati. Folia floralia bracteaformia, integra vel incisa, rarius caulinis subconformia. Pepicunaris (§ Verticillatee Erostres) mollis; erecta elata ramosa hirsuta, foliis semel bisve pinnatifidis, laciniis oblongo-lanceolatis inciso-dentatis, spicis gracilibus interruptis, calycis dentibus oblongis cristatis, corolla tubo vix exserto, galea anguste oblonga recta antice rectilinea labium superante. Pepicunaris mollis. Wall. Cat. n. 415. Benth. Scroph. Ind. p. 53, in De Cand. Prodr. v. 10. p. 564. Mr. Bentham well observes of this Pedicularis, “Species nulli proxime affinis :” the form of the corolla is extremely different from any other of the genus, and we are glad of the opportunity of figuring so rare a plant from living specimens. It has nowhere been found except by Dr. Wallich in Gossain Than, Nepal, and in the high mountains of Sikkim-Himalaya by Dr. Hooker: from seeds sent by the latter our plants were raised in the Royal Gar- dens of Kew. Descr. Root fusiform, sparingly fibrous (perennial ?). Stem erect, simple, about a foot high, terete, furrowed, clothed, as are SEPTEMBER lst, 1851. the leaves and calyx, with soft glandular hairs. Leaves verticil- late, five to six in a whorl, /ower ones petiolate, upper and floral ones (or bracteas especially) sessile, lanceolate, pinnate ; pinne rather close-placed (less so in the lower leaves), ovate-lanceolate, pinnatifid. Spike elongated, rather contracted, consisting of interrupted whorls of leaves or bracteas, each with its respective flower, and about equal in length with the flowers, the upper ones crowded. Pedicels very short, hairy. Calyx campanulate, five-lobed, the lobes reflexed, inciso-serrate, somewhat leafy. Corolla of a deep purple colour, slightly glanduloso-pilose. Zude as long as that of the calyx: the galea erect, narrow-oblong, obtuse, longer than the lip, the sides involute. Zip very broad, spreading or reflexed, cut into three deep rounded lobes, with three embossments or convexities on the disc. Filaments of the stamens subulate, glabrous. Anthers of two deep lobes. Ovary ovate, with a large hypogynous ring at the base. S¢y/e as well as the stamens included within the convolute galea. Stigma small, capitate. W. J. H. Cutt. Many species of Pedicularis are handsome, showy plants while in flower, quickly coming to maturity in the early part of summer. They grow, for the most part, in grassy, rather wet places, and are indicative of a poor soil. All of them are natives of the northern hemisphere, being extensively distributed throughout Europe and Northern Asia, abounding on the Hima- layas, a few extending as far south as the Neilgherries, and even Ceylon. On the continent of America one is found on the Columbian Andes, several in Mexico, the number of species in- creasing northwards throughout the temperate regions of North America — one or two even reaching Melville Island within the Arctic circle. Two are natives of Great Britain, and, judging from their habit and places of growth, we think that few, if any, of the species can be successfully cultivated in gar- dens. In Aiton’s ‘ Hortus Kewensis’ eleven species are given as having been cultivated in this country before the beginning of the present century ; we have, however, seen none of them in a living state, and therefore suppose they had the fate of the species now figured, ceasing to exist after their first year. Their peculiar habit is against their becoming garden-plants, but many foreign species would probably succeed in this country if placed in situations similar to those in which we find our two native species. J. 8. Fig. 1. Root-leaf :—nat. size. 2. Portion of the lower part of the stem, with whorl of leaves. 3. Flower. 4, Stamen. 5. Pistil :—magnified. #600, Reeve & Nichals,imp- Tas. 4600. PHYSOCHLAINA GRANDIFLORA. Large-flowered Physochlaina. Nat. Ord. SoLANACEZ.—PENTANDRIA MonoGyYNIA. Gen. Char. Puysocuiatna, Don (Belenia, Dene.). Calyx 5-dentatus, demum accrescens, urceolatus v. tubulosus. Corolla hypogyna, subcampanulata, re- gularis, quinqueloba, lobis rotundatis. Stamina 5, imo corolla tubo inserta, faucem superantia, zequalia, filamentis inferne villosis. Sfydus simplex, stigmate papilloso depresso coronatus. Ovarivm biloculare, placentariis multiovulatis. ° Capsula calyce persistente accrescente inclusa, bilocularis, apice circumscissa, operculata, operculo coriaceo apiculata. Semina reniformia. Embryo arcuatus, subperiphericus.—Herbee perennes in Europa orientali et Asia indigene, foliis alternis, floribus paniculatis, corolla regulari. Decaisne, sub Belenia. Puysocutatna grandiflora; glanduloso-pubescens ramosa, foliis ovatis acutis petiolo subtriplo longioribus, paniculis terminalibus foliosis, floribus nu- tantibus, calyce florifero brevi-campanulato fructifero cylindraceo, corolla paululum curvata (flavo-viridi) infundibuliformi-campanulata venis_picta, staminibus corollam equantibus, stylo exserto, stigmate depresso-capitato. Our garden is indebted for the sceds of this plant to Lieut. Strachey, who gathered them on the plains of Thibet, at an ele- vation of 15,000 feet above the level of the sea. I was at first disposed to refer it to the Belenia prealta, Dene. in Jacquemont's Voy. vol. iv. p. 116. t. 120, but that figure will hardly justify such a conclusion. The flowers are not half the size, their calyx is longer and narrower, and the fructiferous calyx is too much elongated and curved. Be that, however, as it may (and the figure is evidently made from a very indifferent specimen), the genus, if really a good one, intended to include Hyoscyamus ort- entalis and H. physalodes, should bear the name we have here adopted, given by Mr. Don to the section of Hyoscyamus to which those species belong. Descr. Root probably perennial. Stem herbaceous, a good deal branched, terete, clothed everywhere, as well as the foliage, with glandular down. Leaves alternate, petiolate, ovate, acute, SEPTEMBER lst, 1851. penninerved, thrice as long as the petiole. Panicle terminating the branches, leafy. Pedicels elongated. Floral leaves gra- dually passing into dracteas. Flowers drooping. Calyz shortly campanulate, sharply five-toothed, in fruit much enlarged and elongated, becoming tubular or cylindrical, and then erect. Co- rolla more than an inch long, slightly curved downwards, between campanulate and infundibuliform, the mouth spreading, the lobes short, rounded, obtuse ; the colour is yellow-green with a slight tinge of purple, marked with longitudinal purple lines, connected by oblique transverse ones. Stamens five, nearly equal. F%/aments as long as the corolla or nearly so. Anthers large, pale yellow, ovate. Ovary subrotund, the upper portion, or that which will form the lid, contracted at its insertion. Style filiform, flexuose, longer than the corolla, slightly thickened up- wards. Stigma dilated and umbilicate, depressed. W. J. H. Curr. A strong-rooted, hardy, herbaceous plant, thriving in any kind of garden-soil. It may be increased by dividing the roots, which should be done’ in autumn or early in the spring. J. S. Fig. 1. Section of a calyx, showing the pistil :—magnified. 4 FI & Reeve & Nichas ump Tas. 4601. PENTSTEMON Waiaguritt. Mr. Wright's Pentstemon. Nat. Ord. ScRoPHULARINEZ.—DIDYNAMIA ANGIOSPERMIA. Gen. Char. (Vide supra, TaB. 4318.) PrntTstEMON (§ Cepocosmus, Benth.) Wrightii; erectus glaber glaucus inferne ramosus, foliis remotis inferioribus oblongis in petiolum attenuatis, supremis oblongo-ovatis basi subcordatis sessilibus, racemis elongatis bracteatis, pedi- cellis oppositis solitariis bifloris, calycis brevi-campanulati lobis ovatis paten- tibus tubo equilongis, corolla (intense rose) tubo superne ventricoso, limbo obliquo amplo lobis rotundatis patentibus subequalibus. This is a charming new Pentstemon, very distinct from any hitherto known to us, and which will prove a great acquisition to our gardens. It was discovered by Dr. Wright in Texas, and has been distributed among the very interesting dried collections of that gentleman, without any name, by Dr. Engelmann, who, we trust, wil] not object to its bearing the name of its discoverer. It flowers in June and July. Duscr. Root perennial? S¢em erect, including the panicle a foot and a half or two feet high, terete, branching from the base, and there rather woody, purplish-brown and scarred from the fallen leaves, the rest glaucous, and bearing distant pairs of opposite very glaucous /eaves, few in number, spathulate, that is oblong or obovate, entire, tapering into a stalk, all except the uppermost pair at the base of the panicle, which are ovate, oblong, quite sessile, truncated or even cordate at the base. From above these the elongated panicle arises, a foot or more long, bearing several pairs of small ovate bracteas, from the axil of each of which is seen a 2-flowered peduncle, with a small ovate bracteole at the base of each pedicel. ower drooping. Calyx with minute, glandular hairs, shortly campanulate, the five acute . entire segments spreading. Corolla deep rich rose-colour, slightly downy, the évde about an inch long, ventricose on the underside ‘towards the mouth. Zimé an inch broad, spreading SEPTEMBER lst, 1851. horizontally, cut to the base ito five nearly equal rotundate lobes. Stamens included. Filaments quite glabrous, flexuose. Anthers large, of two deep oval lobes. Sfy/e shorter than the longer filaments, thickened upwards, and clothed with long slightly defiexed hairs on the anterior side. VW. J. H. Cunt. A fine species of Pentstemon, raised from seeds sent to the Royal Gardens last year. It appears to grow and flower freely, but we are not yet certain whether it is quite hardy. Like other species of the genus, it will probably be found to succeed best if a stock be kept in pots under a frame in winter, and planted out in the open ground in spring. It is increased by seeds, which it produces readily. J. S. Fig. 1. Lower portion of the corolla with stamens and pistil :—magnified. Tas. 4602. CHRYSOBACTRON Hooker. Dr. Hooker’s Chrysobactron. Nat. Ord. ASPHODELEZ.—HEXANDRIA MonoGynia. Gen. Char. Flores racemosi, nunc dioici. Flor. masc. Perianthium corollinum, hexaphyllum ; foliola patentia, zequalia, ovato-oblonga, obtusa, medio incrassata. Stamina 6, hypogyna ; filamenta elongato-subulata, perianthio breviora, nuda ; an- there versatiles. Ovarium ovatum, acuminatum, trisuleatum, vacuum. flor. form. Perianthium ut in fl. mase., sed foliolis post anthesin erectis, demum deciduis. Stamina 6, antheris incompletis. Ovariwm late ovatum, profunde trisulcatum, triloculare, lobis dorso canaliculatis, loculis bi- rarius uniovulatis. Ovula, ubi 2, collateralia, funiculis brevibus infra apicem loculi angulo interiore suspensa. Stylus validus, erectus, teres. Stigma capitatum, parvum, obscure 3—6-lobum. Capsula ovata, trilocularis, loculicide trivalvis ; valyz coriaceo-submembranacee, intus medio septiferae. Semina loculis pleramque bina, collateralia, triquetra, testa atra subcrustacea; al/umen corneum; embryo axilis, paulo curvatus, albu- mine parum brevior: radicula incrassata.—Herba speciosa, elata, perennis, Aucklandica et in insula Campbell Novaque Zelandia proveniens. Radix elongata, tuberibus elongatis fasciculatis donata. Folia late ensiformia, basi vaginantia. Scapi solitarii v. plurimi, pedales et ultra. Flores racemosi, aurantiaci. Curysopactron Hookeri; foliis lineari-ligulatis acuminatis, racemis laxifloris, ovario obovato, capsula basi in stipitem brevem suffulta. ‘ Curysopactron Hookeri. Colenso, in litt. Hook. Ic. Plant. t. 817 (specimen in fruit). The first species of the present genus (C. Rossii) was detected by Dr. Hooker in Lord Auckland’s Islands, and it is figured and described in the ‘ Flora Antarctica.’ It was named Chrysobactron, “in allusion to the magnificent racemes of golden flowers ” which that species bears. We have the pleasure of representing here a second individual of the genus, far less showy indeed, from New Zealand, whence the roots were sent in a Wardian case by our valued friend Mr. Bidwill. Mr. Colenso detected it soon after. The former gentleman found it in the rich alluvial plain of the upper part of Wairu, Middle Island; the latter in the sides of watercourses, in the country between the Ruahine range and ‘Taupo, plentiful. “It grows in great clumps in boggy places, and 1s said to cover the plain with a sheet of yellow when in SEPTEMBER Ist, 1851. bloom. Some of the masses are three feet in diameter.” A fruiting specimen from Mr. Bidwill is given in the ‘Icones Plantarum ’ above quoted. Descr. “ Root with very large fleshy fibres.” Zeaves eighteen inches long, linear-ligulate, canaliculate, glaucous-green, striated, acuminated, rather indurated at the point, the base yellowish: the three or four outer ones, nearest the root, are reduced to brown scales. Scape quite leafless, a foot and a half to two feet and even thirty inches high, erect, terete, bearing at the top nu- merous golden-yellow flowers in a rather lax raceme. Pedicels erect, bracteated, dracteas ovate, with a subulate point rather shorter than the pedicels. Perianth of six oblong spreading sepals. Stamens six: filaments subulate, arising from the base of the sepals. Ovary obovate, with three furrows. Style subulate, rather longer than the ovary. Capsule oblong-obovate, mucro- nate, elevated on a short stipes, three-celled, six-seeded. W. J. H. Cuxr. Living roots of this plant were received in 1848, but it was for some time doubtful whether we should succeed in cultivating it. This season, however, several plants have so far progressed as to produce flowers. We have hitherto kept it in a cool frame during winter, for though it comes from an ele- vated region in a high southern latitude, we fear it may not be sufficiently hardy to bear the severity of some of our winters. Its representative in Europe is the well-known genus Aspho- delus. JS. Fig. 1. Flower. 2. Pistil :—magnified. ne Tas. 4603. AMOMUM Granum Piste Grains of Paradise Amomum ; or Mellegetta Pepper. Nat. Ord. ZinerBERACEm.—MonaNnpDRIA Monoeynia. Gen. Char. Calyx tubulosus, apice trifidus. Corolle tubus brevis, limbi lacinize exteriores laterales postica angustiores; interiores laterales nulle; Jadellum maximum, explanatum. Filamentum complanatum, lateribus apiceque ultra antheram muticam productum, lobulis duobus auctum, lobo terminali bifido. Ovarium inferum, triloculare. Ovula in loculorum angulo centrali plurima, horizontalia, anatropa. Stylus filiformis, inter anthere loculos receptus; stigma infundibuliforme. Capsula seepius baccata, trilocularis, loculicido-trivalvis. Se- mina plurima, arillata.—Herbee inter tropicos veteris orbis indigene, species Ameri- cane dubie ; radicibus articulatis, repentibus, foliis bifariis, membranaceis, vaginis Jissis, inflorescentia radicali, spicata, laxe imbricata, Endl. AmomuM Granum Paradisi; caulibus elongatis, foliis elliptico-lanceolatis tenuiter acuminatis rubro-marginatis, scapis brevissimis radicalibus bracteatis sub- trifloris, corollze labello amplo rotundato plicato-undulato. Amomum Grana Paradisi. Linn. Sp. Pl.v.1.p.2? Pereira, Elem. of Mat. Med. v. 2. p. 1130. fig. 234 (capsules). Amomvo grandiflorum. Sm. Exot. Flora, v. 1. #111. Amomum exscapum. Sims, in Ann. of Bot. v. 1. p, 248, t, 13. Amomum Afzelii. Roscoe, in Linn. Trans. v. 8. p. 854. Whether or not this be what is intended as the Amomum Grana Paradisi of Linneus (‘scapo brevissimo ramoso ’’) will perhaps for ever be a doubtful question. But of this we are certain, that our plants in the Royal Gardens, here figured, were raised from seeds of capsules sent to us as Malagetta Pepper or Grains of Paradise, from Sierra Leone, by Mr. Young; and that these capsules correspond exactly with those figured in Dr. Pereira’s admirable ‘Elements of Materia Medica and Thera- peutics,’ vol. ii. p. 1180. £. 234, as “ dAmomum Granum Paradisi of Afzelius’ Remed. Guineensis, vol. x. n. 1,” and as 4. Grana- Paradisi, Smith, in Rees. Cycl. vol. xxviii. art. Melegetia, as an in- habitant of the Guinea coast about Sierra Leone, we have not the smallest doubt. Equally certain it is, so far as can be judged from figures, that it is the 4. grandiflorum of Smith in ‘ Exotic SEPTEMBER IsT, 1851. Botany,’ tab. 111, “raised from seeds gathered by Afzelius at Sierra Leone :” nor do we hesitate to pronounce, notwithstanding some trifling discrepancies, that it is also the 4. exscapum of Dr. Sims, figured and described in the first volume of ‘ Annals of Botany,’ p. 548. t. 13, from specimens raised by Mr. Loddiges of Hackney, the seeds of which were sent by Professor Afzelius from Sierra Leone. 4. Afzelii, Roscoe, is acknowledged to be identical with the 4. exscapum, Sims. Beyond the above syn- onyms we dare not go. Linnaeus we quote with doubt; for that author refers to Rheede’s figure in the ‘ Hortus Malabaricus,’ and gives Madagascar, as well as Guinea, for the native country of the species ; to which Willdenow adds Ceylon. The term Melegueta or Mellegetta Pepper has been applied to several Zingiberaccous plants, and to this among them. “It has __usually,”’ Dr. Pereira observes, “been considered synonymous with the terms ‘ Grains of Paradise and Guinea grains.’ Melegueta Pepper is said to have been known in Italy before the discovery of the Guinea coast by the Portuguese in the fifteenth century. It was brought by the Moors, who used to cross the region of Mandingha and the deserts of Libya, and carry it to Mundi Barca (or Monte de Barca), a port in the Mediterranean. The Italians, not knowing the place of its origin, as it is so precious a spice, called it ‘ Grana Paradisi. Another kind of Amomum, known as Melegueta Pepper, is the A. Mele- gueta, Roscoe, figured? in that author’s work on Scitamineous Plants. The flowers are small, the leaves long and narrow, and the fruits very large and pear-shaped. ‘The fruits of both kinds seem to be indifferently employed in lieu of pepper in Western Africa, and are esteemed the most wholesome of spices, and generally used by the natives to season their food. he principal consumption of Grains of Paradise in Europe is in veterinary medicine, and to give an artificial strength to spirits, wine, beer, and vinegar. Although the seeds are by no means injurious, an act was passed in 56 Geo. III. c. 58, that no brewer or dealer in beer shall have in his possession or use Grains of Paradise, under a penalty of £200 for each offence; and no druggist shall sell it to a brewer, under a penalty of £500 for each offence.” —See Pereira. Our plants flower in the stove in May, and make a handsome appearance. Descr. Roots creeping, or rather they increase by aggregation of the tuberous knobs of a red colour, from which the stems arise. Stems sterile, two to three feet high, very red at the base, and dull purplish-red above from the long sheathing petioles of the foliage. Leaves sparse, small, and remote below, more approxi- mate above, yet distant, spreading obliquely, not horizontally, elliptical lanceolate, with a very narrow long, almost setiform acumen, obliquely penninerved, full green above, paler beneath, the margin red. Pefiole auricled at the top. Scape reduced, very short, clothed with lax erect scales, red below and short, much elongated, striated, and membranaceous, and reddish- yellow above; these embrace the flowers, and persist with the fruit. Calyx (Endl.) or exterior perianth forming a long tube below, cut into three oblong, erect, membranaceous segments, white, tinged with yellow and rose, embracing the tube of the inner series, which is reduced to one large segment expanding into a rotundate pure white, plicately undulated /imé, yellow at the base. Filament broad, bearing one very large ovate pointed | anther, pomting downwards, deeply two-lobed, above which the filament is prolonged into one short ovate erect segment and two lateral spreading linear-oblong ones. On each side the base of the filament we find two subulate processes. Ovary inferior, cylindrical, a little downy. Style long, filiform, passing between the lobes of the anther, and terminating there in an infundibuli- form stigma. Capsules admirably represented in Pereira, two. or three in a cluster at the end of the short scaly stipes, scarcely two inches long, powerfully aromatic, ovato-lanceolate, acumi- nated, brown, striated (as if shrivelled), terminated by withered portions of the perianth. Seeds very hot and acrid. W. J. H. Cuxr. This plant, being a native of the tropics, requires a warm stove, and grows freely in a mixture of light loam and peat-soil. Like others of the family to which it belongs, it has a season of rest, which is indicated by the stem and leaves beginning to fade; water should then be sparingly given. In spring it should be repotted, in fresh soil. It is readily in- creased by division of the roots. J. 8. lig. 1. Flower from which the segments of the perianth are removed :—mag- nified, 4604. & Fe] © rm E 4 Reeve & Nichols, 92 Tas. 4604. NYMPHAA ELEGANS. Elegant Water-Lily. Nat. Ord. NympH#ACcE#.—PoOLYANDRIA MoNnoa@yNIA. Gen. Char. (Vide supra, TaB. 4257.) Nympua elegans; foliis suborbicularibus repando-subdentatis basi profunde usque ad petioli insertionem bifidis nigro-maculatis lobis rectis sinu angusto subtus purpureis, sepalis 4 fusco-lineatis, petalis albis purpureo- ceruleo tinctis, staminibus in phalangibus sub-15 collectis, filamentis ex- terioribus subpetaloideis, antheris exterioribus appendiculatis, stigmate sub- 15-radiato. I can nowhere find a Mymphea described, corresponding with this, which has been discovered in New Mexico by Dr. Wright, from whose seeds our plant was reared in the Royal Gardens of Kew. Its nearest affinity, perhaps, is V. amp/a, Bot. Mag. t.4469. Our plants flowered in the early summer in the tank of the tropical aquarium. The blossoms are not only elegant in form and colour, but fragrant also. It will be difficult to say to which of the divisions of De Candolle this will belong. It is very different from any of the section “ Cyanee,” though its purplish-blue tint would indicate an affinity with that groupe. One of the most remarkable circumstances in the flower of this plant consists in the arrangement of the stamens in (ap- parently) as many phalanges as there are lobes to the stigma. I had not the opportunity of observing if, at a late period of in- florescence, they separated. Descr. Root unknown to me. eaves floating, about six inches long, and four and a half or five broad, thus nearly or- bicular, plane, the margin sinuated and subdentate; the upper surface dark green, the under purple, especially towards the margin ; both sides spotted and streaked with black, the under side most spotted ; the base of the leaf is cut nearly to the petiole into two straight or slightly diverging rather acute lobes, the sinus long and narrow. eftiole terete, smooth. Scape terete, SEPTEMBER Ist, 1851. smooth, rising erect, almost a foot above the water, and bearing a fragrant flower at the top, nearly the size of our common white water-lily (Wymphea alba). Calyx of four, spreading, oblong, obtusely acuminated sepals of a pale green colour, yellowish at the base, marked with numerous short streaks of deep brown. Petals twelve to fourteen, nearly of the same shape as the sepals, uniform or nearly so, yellowish-white, tinged with purplish-blue. Stamens numerous, deep yellow, inner ones short and without any appendage to the anther, outer ones much larger; the Jilaments broad and subpetaloid; the anther terminated with a callous white pomt. ‘The stamens in the fully expanded flower approximate in phalanges or bundles, apparently corresponding in the number of the bundles with the rays of the stigma. Ovary turbinate, bearing the petals. Stigma deep yellow, downy, about fifteen-rayed, under each ray a blunt glabrous tooth projects. W.J. H. Cur. A new species of water-lily, raised from seeds last year. It was placed in the tropical aquarium, and soon attained strength sufficient to enable it to bloom during the present summer. Being a native of Mexico, it might probably flower in the open-air aquarium, but in winter it will be advisable to place the roots beyond the reach of frost. Fig. 1, Outer stamen. 2. Inner ditto. 3. Pistil :—maynified. a sik eS O03, / Tas. 4605. BROWALLIA Jamusoni. Yellow-lowered Browallia. Nat. Ord. ScROPHULARINEZ.—DIDYNAMIA ANGIOSPERMIA. Gen. Char. (Vide supra, Tas. 4339.) BRowALLIA Jamesoni; fruticosa, molliter pubescens, foliis breviter petiolatis ovatis rugosis, floribus subcorymboso-cymosis, pedicellis calyce vix longio- ribus, calyce ovato-tubuloso obliquo laciniis brevibus, corolle (fave) laciniis tubo ampliato incurvo dimidio brevioribus. Benth. BRowaLLia Jamesoni, Benth. in De Cand. Prodr. v.10. p. 197. It was our privilege to publish a handsome new Browallia in a recent volume, at Tab. 4339 of this work, (B. speciosa) re- markable for the large and handsome blue flowers. We have now the satisfaction of giving another species of the genus, only recently described in De Candolle by Mr. Bentham, no less re- markable from the yellow colour of its rather large inflorescence. It is a native of New Grenada, between Mivir and Naranfus, whence it has been sent (together with seeds from which our plants were raised) by Dr. Jameson, and from Loxa by Mr. Hart- weg (n. 818 of his collection). The species is a very distinct one. Our drawing was made from a plant which flowered in the ereenhouse at Druid’s Stoke, near Bristol, the beautiful residence of Hector Munro, Esq., in June 1851, and where alone, so far as we know, the flowers have been produced. Dzscr. An erect, rather straggling shru}, 4—6 feet high; the branches obscurely angular, downy. Leaves alternate, almost exactly ovate, on very short petioles, very obtuse, slightly downy, entire, penniveined, the veins united by transverse sunken vein- lets, giving a wrinkled appearance to the upper surface of the leaf, which is moreover glossy. Panicle corymbose, terminal, brac- teated ; dracteas resembling small leaves. Pedicels shorter than OCTOBER Ist, 1851. ’ the flowers. Calyx rather large, oblong-ovate, tubular, 5-lobed ; lobes erecto-patent. Corolla large, deep fulvous-yellow ; the éube paler, twice as long as the calyx, inflated below the limb: Zimd large, spreading horizontally, five-lobed, vemed: /odes rounded, very obtuse, the lower one larger than the rest. Stamens four, reaching a little beyond the mouth of the tube, their structure asin the genus. Ovary ovate, hairy at the apex, surrounded at the base by a thick annulus. Style as long as the tube of the corolla, a little thickened, and curved upwards. Stigma large, two-lipped. Capsule four-lobed. W. J. H. Cuxr. A twiggy, soft-wooded plant, in its native country attaining a height of from four to six feet. Being from the ele- vated region of New Grenada, it is sufficiently hardy to succeed as a greenhouse plant, but in winter it requires a temperature rather warmer than that of the airy greenhouse ; which, however, must not stimulate it into growth before the spring. A mixture of light loam and _peat-soil suits it. It will probably be found to grow freely during summer in the open air, if planted against a wall or in a sheltered situation. It increases freely by cut- tings. J. 8. Fig. 1. Pistil. 2. Ovary :—magnified. 3. Calyx and fruit :—natural size. 4. Capsule bursting open :—magnified. 4606. Reeve & Nichols, ir © Tas. 4606. EPIDENDRUM verrucosum. Warted Epidendrum. . Nat. Ord. Orcurpp#.—GynanpRria Monocynia. — Gen. Char. (Vide supra, Ta. 4107.) Eprpenprvum (Encyclium, § labello trilobo) verrucosum ; pseudobulbis ovatis, foliis ensiformibus obtusis, scapo pedicellis’ ovariisque verrucosis, racemo nutante, sepalis petalisque lineari-lanceolatis acuminatis, labelli trilobi lobis lateralibus subfalcatis acutis nanis intermedio ovali crenulato basi serrato bilamellato, columna alis 2 nanis truncatis. Lindl. EpipENDRUM verrucosum. Lindl. Bot. Rey. 1844. ¢. 51. A very lovely species of Hpidendrum of the Encyclia-groupe, fragrant as well as handsome, a native of Mexico, imported from that country by Messrs. Loddiges. The very fine specimen here represented flowered in the Royal Gardens of Kew in July 1851. > Duscr. Pseudo-bulbs ovate, clustered, the flowering ones narrow-ovate, smooth, dark green, and more or less sheathed with scales or the fibrous remains of them ; the older ones larger, paler coloured, broader, wrinkled, and naked. eaves two, from the apex of the bulb, from ten inches to a foot long, broad-linear or loriform, one-nerved, obtuse. From the axil of these leaves the scape arises, as thick as a goose-quill and warted, except where it is covered with the sheathing bracteas, when nearly as long as the leaves gracefully drooping, and bearing a branching panicle of large lilac and white flowers. Branches and ovary also minutely warted. Sepals and petals, each two inches long, linear-lanceolate, uniform, spreading horizontally. Zip more than two inches long, pendent, three-lobed ; lateral lobes oblong, subfaleate, half-embracing the column; middle lobe obovate, subrhomboid, very large, acuminulate, streaked and lined with dark red, the margin crenulate, the disc white, bearing two lamelle. Column as long as the Jateral lobes of the lip, deep OCTOBER Ist, 1851. lilac, with a short white wing on each side beneath the anther. Anther-case hemispherical. W. J. H. Cuxr. This Hpidendrum is similar in habit and manner of growth to F. linearifolium, figured at Tab. 4572, but is a much larger and more robust species. It grows freely in the tropical Orchid-house. It may be planted in loose turfy soil, in pots half- filled with drainage materials; and it is advisable to raise the soil a little above the margin of the pot, to prevent it from remaining too long wet, which will sometimes happen from the necessary watering and syringing, and which is especially de- trimental in winter. J. S. 4607. Recve & Nichols , imp Fn dhdel wim, Tas. 4607. GRAMMANTHES cHLORAFLORA. Yellowwort-flowered Grammanthes. Nat. Ord. CrassULACEZ.—PENTANDRIA PENTAGYNIA. Gen. Char. Calyx campanulatus, 5-fidus, erectus. Corolla gamopetala, tubo calycis longitudine, lobis 5 rarius 6 ovalibus expansis. Stamina 5-6 lobis alterna, tubo inserta et inclusa. Syuame nulle. Carpella 5.—Herbee annue, oppo- sitifolie. Folia ovato-oblonga, remota, plana, sessilia, Flores cymoso-corymbosi. De Cand. Grammantuss chloreflora ; foliis ovato-oblongis. ‘Grammantues chloreflora. Haw. Revis. p. 18 (sub. nom. gen. Vauanthis). De Cand. Prodr. v. 3. p. 392. GRAMMANTHEs gentianoides ? De Cand. Prodr. v. 8. p. 393. CrassvuLa gentianoides? Lam. Dict. v. 2. p. 175. Crassuxa retroflexa. Thunb. Cap. p. 282. Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2. v. 2. p. 194. Crassuza dichotoma. Linn. Amen. v. 6. p. 86. Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 1. v. 1. p. 392. oo ee a ea Grammanthes, a genus properly separated from Crassula, 1s 80 named from its having the appearance of a letter (V inverted) in- scribed upon the base of the segments of the corolla. ‘Two species are described by De Candolle, but with great doubts as to their being really distinct. We have combined them: for the form of the leaf, at any rate, seems to afford no character ; and there is no reason to think the flowers are blue in the G. gentianoides, as described by Lamarck. Ecklon and Zeyher have given three additional species. Our present plant is certainly a very pretty thing, a native of the Cape of Good Hope, and, though annual, remaining 10 beauty a considerable length of time, and may be safely treated as a hardy annual. Planted out in tufts or patches, in the early summer, it is seen covered with flowers of two colours: when they first expand they are pure yellow, with a blood-coloured V, gradually becoming deep tawny, OF almost wholly blood-colour, with a yellow eye. OCTOBER IsT, 1851. Derscr. An annual, humble, tufted plant, everywhere glaucous. Stems much branched dichotomously, slender. Leaves opposite, exactly ovate or ovate-oblong, obtuse, thick and fleshy, grooved or concave above. lowers generally in pairs, forming a leafy corymb. Pedicels varymg in length, often shorter than the calyx. Calyx campanulate, fleshy, glaucous, with five slightly patent, ovate Jobes. Corolla with a tube as long as the calyx; limb large, spreading, of five ovate segments, bright yellow, with an inverted letter V of a deep blood-colour on each : finally, the whole limb becomes deep blood-colour, paler and orange towards the apices. Stamens five. Filaments inserted in the tube of the corolla, and alternate with the lacinie, included. Azthers oblong. Ovaries five, elongated, narrow, naked at the base, tapering above into a style as long as the tube of the corolla. Stigma globose. W. J. HH. Cur. This pretty annual requires to be raised under glass. The seeds should be sown about the middle of March, in a shal- low pot or seed-pan filled with light soil, and placed in a close frame. Being very minute, they need no covering of soil; a slight pressure with the back of the hand is sufficient to fix them. In watering, care must be taken not to disturb the surface of the soil and displace the germinating seeds by the force of the water. In order to prevent this, it is advisable to place the pot in a pan, with just sufficient water in it to keep the surface of the soil moist. After germination the young plants must not be over- watered, for, being of a succulent nature, they are liable to damp off. When they are of sufficient strength they should be thinned out into other pots, or planted in patches in the open border about the end of May. /. 8. Fig. 1. Portion of corolla and stamens. 2. Portion of ealyx and pistils :— magnified, ae PY at Reeve & Nichols, s™p Tas. 4608. CAMPTOSEMA ruBICUNDUM. Ruby-flowered Camptosema. Nat. Ord. Lecumivos#.—DiapeLPHia DEcANDRIA. Gen. Char. CAMPTOSEMA, Hook. et Arn. (Bionia, Mart.) Calyx minute bi- bracteolatus, campanulatus, subzequaliter 4-fidus; lobis ovatis, acuminatis, su- periore latiore. Corolle petala eequalia, obtusa, longe unguiculata ; vexillo et carina basi longiuseule deorsum bi-, alis uni-calloso-dentatis. Veaillum reflexum, ovato-oblongum ; alee anguste oblongz ; carina ‘basi fere ad summum_ biceps, elliptico-oblonga. Stamina diadelpha (9 et 1), corollam subzequantia. Pistillum corolla longius. Germen longe stipitatum, pubescens, 8—-10-ovulatum. Stylus subulatus, glaber, germine longior, rectiusculus. Stigma parvum, obtusum. Legumen \ineari-oblongum, sericeo-pubescens, polyspermum, stipite (ut in ger- mine) calycem equante, stylo subulato longe acuminatum.—Frutex voludilis glaber Brasilie australis. Yolia uni- v. trifoliolata ; foliola basi bistipellata. * it ee CamprosEMA rubicundum,; scandens fruticosum glabrum, foliis trifoliolatis, foliolis ellipticis apice retusis intermedio longe petiolulato, racemis com- * positis axillaribus folio multoties longioribus, pedicellis calycem vix aequan- tibus. be Camprosema rubicundum. Hook. et Arn. in Bot. Mise. v.3.p.201. Walp. —— -Repert. v. 1. p. 761, and v. 5. p. 532. _ Kenyepya splendens. “ Cat. Hort. Bollwill. et Mulhaus. 1851. Meisn. Plant. "Preiss. v. 1. p.89 (in nota). Walp. Repert. Bot. v. 5. p. 530.” A very handsome climber, long ago described from dried specimens in the ‘ Botanical Miscellany,’ and for some time cul- tivated in Germany, and since in England as “ Kennedya splen- dens.” Tt was so named, as we learn from Mr. Bentham, by Meisner, who cautiously observes, “ Originis ignote ;” while Dr. Walpers confidently says, “Hab. in Nova Hollandia.” It has the habit of a New Holland Kennedya, but it is a native of southern Brazil and the adjacent Argentine provinces. It is only lately that, being trained immediately under the glass of the Palm-stove, it has yielded flowers with us. The racemes remind one of those of Laburnum or of Wistaria Sinensis, but they are of a deep ruby-red colour. OCTOBER Ist, 1851. * Drscr. A climbing shrué of great length; the older portions of the stem as thick as one’s finger, and reticulated, as it were, with pits or hollows in the oblong areoles. Young leafy branches slender, terete, herbaceous, glabrous. Leaves distant, on long petioles, trifoliolate; /eaflets petiolulate, oblong or oblong-elliptical, retuse, glabrous, glaucous beneath. Racemes on rather long peduncles, compound, eight to ten inches in length, drooping, many-flowered. Calyz with two small dracteas at the base, tubular-campanulate, somewhat two-lipped and nregularly four- to six-lobed. Pefals of the corolla deep ruby-red, nearly equal. Vexillum partially reflexed, ovate, clawed, with two blunt teeth at the base of the lamina. 4/@ and carina oblong, clawed, each petal with a blunt tooth at the base of the lamina. Stamens diadelphous (9 and 1). Ovary linear, on a long stipes, and tapermg into a subulate style. Leguwmen three inches long, stipitate, compressed, downy, acute. WV. J. H. Cur. A stove-climber, well adapted for training up rafters or on trellis-work, and which grows freely, especially if planted in a bed of good rich soil. Where there is not sufficient room for it to extend, it may be treated as a pot-plant, and trained upon 4 trellis fixed to the pot; but we have not found it, either way, to flower very readily. It may be increased by cuttings, placed in heat under a bell-glass. 7. S. Fig. 1. Vexillum. 2. Ala. 8. Carina. 4. Stamens surrounding the pistil. 5. Pistil:—all more or less magnified. 6. Legumen :—natural size. 4609. Reeve & Nichols, ™P Tas. 4609. RHODODENDRON Cuampiona. Mrs. Champion's Rhododendron. Nat. Ord. Ertcace™.—Dercanpria MonoGyNntia. Gen. Char. (Vide supra, Tas. 4336.) RaoDODENDRON Champione ; foliis lanceolatis brevi-anguste acuminatis reticu- latis planis supra glabris margine costa nervisque subtus piloso-scaberrimis, ramulis junioribus petiolis pedunculis calycibus lineari-subulatis fructibusque pilis longis glandulosis rigidis hispidis, corollis reticulatis limbo patente pro- funde .5-lobo, bracteis viscosissimis. We know from experience that there is no surer way of having a new and beautiful plant introduced to our Gardens, than by publishing a figure and giving its locality. Hence we are induced, as upon some former occasions in this work, to ex- hibit a species not yet in cultivation, but for the accuracy of the figure of which we can vouch, by a comparison of the drawing of a Chinese artist with native specimens; both the one and the other being also accompanied by notes drawn up on the spot, and sent us by Captain Champion of the 95th Regiment, who made extensive collections of plants in Ceylon, and afterwards in Hong- Kong. In compliment to his amiable and accomplished lady, whose partiality for plants equals that of her husband, and who accompanied him on many of his botanizing excursions, we have named the species. Captain Champion considered it allied to R. formosum, Wall., from Khasya, figured in our Tab. 4457; and so it is in some respects, but abundantly distinct in the form and vestiture of the leaves, in its large glutinous bracts, in the form of the calyx, in the ovary and fruit, and especially in the co- pious, long, glandular Gris¢/es of the branchlets, petioles, pe- duncles, calyx, and fruit. It was found by Captain and Mrs. Champion, growing abundantly among rocks, in a ravine at Fort Victoria, Hong-Kong, April 28, 1849. Descr. A shrub nearly seven feet high; branches terete, di- chotomous ; younger ones clothed with long, spreading, glandular OCTOBER Ist, 1851. ¢ * bristles. Zeaves much confined to the apex of the branches, shortly petioled (petiole glandular-bristly), lanceolate, shortly acuminate, reticulated, plane at the margin, dark green above, rather rusty-coloured beneath, the margin and costa and veins and veinlets clothed beneath and rough with short, harsh, bristly hairs. Flower-buds at first enclosed in a strodilus of large, imbricated, very glutinous, deciduous 4racteas. Umbels four- to six-flowered. Peduncles hispid with glandular hairs. Calyz, especially the margins, equally hispid, deeply cleft to the base into four erect, almost lmear-subulate, rather long segments or sepals. Corolla four inches across, ¢vbe rather short, campanulate, white. Limd four inches across, deeply cut into five obovate-oblong, obtuse, unequal-veined segments, the upper one the broadest: the ground-colour in our figure is white, the lobes, especially the apex and margins, are tinged with delicate rose-colour. But there is another state of the flower described by Captam Champion as the more usual colour, “delicate white, the upper lip pale yellow towards the centre, and copiously dotted with ochre.” Stamens ten. Filaments much protruded, slightly curved up- wards. Style equalling the stamens in length. Stigma a de- pressed disc. Capsule five- to six-celled, elongated, nearly two inches long and three lines wide, cylindrical, straight, clothed with glandular bristles, “dehiscing from the base upwards, but remaining attached to the central axis.” W. J. H. Cutt. This Rhododendron is not yet to be seen in a living state in this country; but, as the seeds of Rhododendrons, like” most of the Hricacee, do not suffer much during their transmission from distant countries, we hope we shall soon have another added to the many new species lately raised by us from the seeds collected by Dr. Hooker in Sikkim-Himalaya. 7. 8. Fig. 1. Capsule:—zatural size. We gladly occupy an otherwise vacant space by some notes of Captain Champion on thie other Hricacee (including Vacciniee) of Hong-Kong. Of Azaleas the best-known species are— 1. A. Indica, var. phoenicea, which is of common occurrence in Hong-Kong in ravines. It flowers early in spring, and towards March appears in great beauty about waterfalls, by the side of streams, and on rocks or mountains, especially towards the eastern side of the island. Still more common is the 2. Azalea squamata, one of Mr. Fortune’s species, producing a few flowers early in winter, but bursting into luxuriant blossom when the fogs and humid * atmosphere about February and March have set in. Its lilac blossoms in mass look well at a distance, but the shrub, being then nearly destitute of leaves, has not on near approach the gay appearance which the scarlet-flowered 4. Jedice presents. On the Black Mountains grows a third species, new to Hong-Kong, but pre- viously described by Mr. Fortune, from more northern China—the 3. A. ovata, of Dr. Lindley, I believe: it there flowers in March with 4. In- dica and A. squamata. It has almost rotate flowers, white with dark purple specks on the centre and adjoining lobes. 4, Azalea, sp. nov., myrtifolia (quite distinct from 4. ovata). A shrub 4—5 feet high, much branched; twigs longer than in 4. syuamata, and shorter than in 4. Indica, quite smooth, cinereous, and striated with silver or pink- brown. Leaves alternate, crowded towards the extremities of the branchlets, short-petioled, from ovate to oblong or slightly rhomboid (largest 1 inch long by 6 lines broad), usually slightly emarginate at apex, with the midrib often prolonged into an acumen, quite smooth, bright green above, glaucous or pale beneath, and grossly reticulately veined. Flowers terminal, solitary or in pairs, from an elongate, ovate whorl of yellowish, or slightly glutinous, permanent scales; these scales ovate, smooth. Flowers in bud campanulate. Corolla, when expanded, 1 inch 2 lines to 14 inch in diameter, almost rotate, and cleft to near the base. Segments five, oblong, two upper slightly largest, pure white, the three lower with dark violet specks. Stamens five. Filaments hairy. Anthers opening by terminal pores. Style long, curved. Stigma clavate and ten-lobed at the apex. Calyx and pedicel pinkish, glutinous, puberulous, the former small. Capsule five-celled, above three lines in length, globosely ovate. Has. Black Mountain, Hong-Kong, on rocks with .4. sguamata (Lind. !) and A. Indica (1..), March 1849, when it was first seen by Lieut.-Col. Eyre of the Royal Artillery. 1. Enkyanthus reticulatus is a beautiful shrub, and its branches, detached from the stem, continue in blossom for a long period if placed in water., It blooms about Christmas, and is much used by the Chinese for ornamenting their dwell- -Ing-houses. The only remaining plants of the family to be noticed are an arboreous 1. Vaccinium, with white flowers, of common occurrence in the woods of the Happy Valley. : 2. Vaccinium, sp. nov. near V. bracteatum (Thunb., a Japanese species), but differing in the racemes being shorter (1 to 1} inch long) and not secund. Racemes axillary, shorter*than the glabrous, acute, serrated leaves ; bracteas lan- ceolate, bristle-serrated; pedicels furnished with one or two alternate, minute, awl- shaped bracteoles. Native of Hong-Kong, growing to a small tree. Flowers in July and August, and fruit in September. Branches smooth, angular while young. Corollas slightly bell-shaped, nearly cylindrical, white. Leaves evergreen. A pretty species. Calyx five-toothed. Limb of corolla with five short reflexed segments, scarce one-tenth part of the tube. Anthers of the ten stamens horned, but not spurred. Style the length of the corolla, linear. Berry five-cclled, many- seeded, blue when ripe. J. G. CHAMPION. Portsmouth, August 1851. 4610. Tas. 4610. GALEANDRA Devontana. Duke of Devonshire’s Galeandra. Nat. Ord. OncHIDEZ.—GYNANDRIA MONANDRIA. Gen. Char. Perianthium patens, petalis sepalisque subaequalibus ascendentibus. Labellum infundibuliforme, indivisum v. obsolete trilobum, ecalcaratum, intus lamellis (4) auctum. Colwmna erecta, membranaceo-alata, clinandrio declivi. Pollinia 2, postice excavata, caudicula brevi glandule brevi divergenti-bilobe — terrestres, et epiphyte, caulibus foliatis, racemis terminalibus. GaLEANDRA Devoniana; caule erecto simplici tereti polyphyllo, foliis lanceolatis 3-nerviis, racemo sessili erecto multifloro, labelli lamina ovata obtusa cre- nulata lamellis 4 pone basin, anther crista carnosa rotundata pubescente. GALEANDRA Devoniana. Schomb. in Lindl. Sert. Orchid. tab. 31. One of the finest and, we believe, in collections the rarest of South American Orchidez. It was first detected by Schomburgk on the Rio Negro, a river which discharges itself into the Amazon; and Mr. Spruce has been so fortunate as to meet with it in the same locality, and we received a Wardian case from him in July, of the present year 1851, containing the flower- ing specimen in excellent condition, which we here represent. Schomburgk saw it growing five to six feet high, and in clusters or patches from ten to twelve feet in circumference. Descr. Sfems uniform to the base (no pseudo-bulbs), clus- tered, three to five or six feet high, scaly below, leafy above: leaves much sheathing at the base, linear-ensiform, acuminated, striated, glabrous, membranaceous. Panicle terminal, with few but large flowers; branches and peduncles bracteated. Sepals and petals spreading and slightly ascending, lanceolate, striated, darkish-purple, green at the margin and at the base externally. Lip very large, projecting, white, tipped and streaked with purple, broadly obovate, obscurely three-lobed, the sides meeting so as to form a lax tube around the column, intermediate or OCTOBER Ist, 1851. spreading, deflexed, retuse: near the base within are four lamella. Column within the tube-like portion of the labellum, slightly winged at the margin. Anther with a large, downy, erect crest. W. J. H. Cutt. This is a tropical terrestrial Orchid, and therefore re- quires to be kept in a warm stove or Orchideous house. It may be potted in turfy peat-soil made rather firm in the pot, and well drained. In winter it must be so placed as not to suffer from excess of moisture, either in the atmosphere or in the soil. J. 8. Fig. 1. Column. 2, 3. Pollen-masses :—magnified. 4697. Law pane f a j ee ae \ ai 8 t = tee wry 4 wane J EL ON Reeve & Nichols, ™mp- Tas. 4611. CENTROSOLENIA picra. Painted-leaved Centrosolenia. Nat. Ord. GESNERIACEZ.—DIDYNAMIA GYMNOSPERMIA. Gen. Char. (Vide supra, Tas. 4552.) CENTROSOLENIA picta ; foliis subzequalibus ovalibus obovatisve vélutinis pictis (junioribus preecipue) crenato-serratis longe petiolatis, corolle hirsutee lobis obscure crenatis, staminum filamentis apice longe hirsutis. Sent by Mr. Spruce, from the banks of the Amazon, to the Royal Gardens of Kew. It is remarkable for its beautifully painted, blotched or mottled leaves. Its flowers are large and. white, destitute of the long fringe to the limb so characteristic of our C. glabra (Tab. 4552), and the opposite leaves are here nearly equal in size. Descr. A procumbent and creeping plant, growing in-dense tufts. Stems branched, cylindrical, fleshy, downy. Leaves op- posite, on long, terete footstalks, oval or obovate, rather fleshy, crenato-serrate, unequal in size, hirsutely velvety on both sides, penninerved and reticulated, the zerves very prominent beneath ; above, many of the leaves are blotched with brown and paler green. Peduncles axillary, clustered, single-flowered, bracteated, shorter than the calyx. Bracteas linear, acuminate. Calyx deeply five-partite, the segments lanceolate, acuminate, inciso- serrate, much shorter than the corolla. Corolla hirsute, large, white : the we elongated, infundibuliform, running down at the base into a blunt spur: Zmé of five, spreading, rounded /odes, obscurely crenated at the margin. Stamens four, didynamous, — included ; filaments subulato-filiform, united into a membrane below, above clothed with long spreading hairs; anthers sub- : globose. Ovary oblong-ovate, somewhat curved, with two oppo- site glands at the base: one larger than the other and ovate. Style elongated, stout, columnar, downy : stigma somewhat capi- tate, notched. W. J. H. Ce —. ee Cunt. A native of tropical America, and, like its allies, of a NOVEMBER lst, 1851. succulent, decumbent habit. It grows freely in a warm and moist atmosphere, such as is suitable for tropical Orchids. A mixture of light peat-soil and leaf-mould suits it. The pot or pan must be well drained; and during winter, an excess of moisture must be guarded against. It increases readily from cuttings, which root quickly if placed in a warm frame, without the aid of a bell-glass. J. S. Fig. 1. Portion of the lower part of the corolla, with stamens. 2. Pistil and hypogynous glands :—magnified. 4672. Reeve & Nichols, imp. Tas. 4612. VACCINIUM Routuisont. follison’s Whortleberry. Nat. Ord. Vaccinrez.—Drcanpria Monoeynia. Gen. Char. Calyx ovario adnatus, limbo libero 4—5-partito partitionibus den- tiformibus, rarius integerrimo. Corolla campanulata, urceolata v. cylindrica, limbo 4~5-fido seepius reflexo. Stamina corolle lobis numero dupla, limbo caly- cis inserta, sepe inclusa, interdum exserta; anthere seepius apice bifida, dorso bipartite aut mutice. Stylus erectus, staminibus longior; stigma obtusum. Bacca calyce vestita, 4- ant 5-locularis loculis polyspermis, rarissime 10-locularis loculis monospermis.—Frutices aué suffrutices, rarius arbuscule. Folia sparsa. Flores azillares, gemini terni v. racemosi, bracteati. Corolle albide aut coccinea. Vaccinium (Mutice) Rodlisoni ; erectum, glabrum, ramulis angulatis, foliis ob- ovato-cuneatis brevissime petiolatis coriaceis sempervirentibus spe retusis nitidis, margine integerrimis subrecurvis oblique penninerviis reticulatis subtus pallidis, racemis terminalibus paucifloris bracteatis nunc bracteo- latisque, bracteis longitudine pedicellorum, floribus nutantibus, corollis (coccineis) elongato-urceolatis, limbi lobis 5 recurvis. From the collection of Messrs. Rollisons, Tooting Nursery, where it produced its rich scarlet flowers in August 1851. In- troduced by their collector, who found it growing on the lava of the “Silent Volcanoes” of Java,-on the highest land in the island. We have specimens of the same from Salak mountain, Java, from Mr. Thomas Lobb. It forms a handsome evergreen bush, with glossy Box-like leaves, and what is wanted in the number of flowers, is compensated by their beauty of colour. It does not appear to be anywhere described, either under Vaccinium or Agapetes. It is not Agapetes microphylla, Junghuns, for that has leaves three to four inches long. Duscr. A small shrub, two feet or more high, erect, glabrous, much branched, the édranches erect, somewhat angular, slightly hairy, everywhere leafy. eaves about three-quarters of an inch long, alternate, spreading, obovate, subcuneate, coriaceous, ever- green, glossy, entire, sometimes retuse, tapering below into a Short pefiole, penninerved, the nerves very oblique,: reticulated, NOVEMBER Is7, 1851. especially when dry, paler and smoother beneath, almost glau- cous. tacemes nearly sessile, always terminal, four- to six- flowered. Pedicels bracteate, a little hirsute, spreading, jointed at the insertion of the ovary, furnished at the base with a large, deciduous, membranaceous bractea, as long as the pedicel, and sometimes having a bracteole above the base. Ovary small, globose. Flowers drooping. Calycine Jobes five, ovate, acute. Corolla rich scarlet, glabrous, urceolate, but tapering upwards to the contracted mouth: Zimd of five, reflected, short, acute. lobes. Stamens ten; filaments broad-subulate, very hairy ; anthers short, oblong, muticous, opening by two pores. Style, as well as the stamens, included, surrounded at the base by a large epigynous ring. W. J. H. Cunt. A neat evergreen shrub which requires to be treated as a green-house plant. In the summer it may be placed in the open air in a shady place. Like the rest of this tribe of plants, it thrives in light sandy peat-soil, and is readily increased by cuttings. J. 8. Fig. 1. Flower, pedicel, and bract. 2. Stamen. 3. Calyx and _ pistil:— magnified. “ae aa 4673. Fatch_ del et lith_ Reeve & Nichols, ump- Tas. 4613. . POTENTILLA amsicua. Three-toothed Himalayan Poteniilla. Nat. Ord. RosacE#.—IcosaNDRIA POLYGYNIA. Gen. Char. Tubus concavus : limbus 4—5-fidus, extus 4-5-bracteolatus. Petala 4-5. Stamina plurima. Carpella plurima, stylo laterali donata, in receptaculo procumbente persistente exsucco capitata. Semen appensum.—Herbe aut suf- ig foliis compositis, stipulis petiolis adnatis, floribus albis, luteis, rariter rubris. e Cand. PorEentTILLA ambigua; hirsuta, caule ascendente paucifloro basi fruticuloso, foliis ternato-palmatisectis, segmentis obovatis tridentatis, stipulis ovatis acutis integerrimis 3-dentatisve, bracttolis calycinis obovatis, petalis (luteis) ob- ovatis calycem eequantibus (v. superantibus). Camé. Porentinta ambigua. Camb. in Jacquem. Ind, Or. Bot. p. 51.1. 62. Walp. Repert. Bot. v. 2. p. 27. A well-marked, hardy, Himalayan species of Potentilla, with a compact habit and large yellow flowers, produced abundantly during the summer months. Jacquemont detected it in fissures of rocks in Kanaor, near Rogui, elev. 9,000 feet, in about lat. 32°, long. E. 783°, where it was likewise found by Capt. Henry Strachey ; thence it appears to extend eastward through Nepal to Sikkim-Himalaya, where it was found by Dr. Hooker in woods at an elevation of from 12—13,000 feet above the level of the sea. Its nearest affinity is with P. eriocarpa, Wall.; but there the stem is scarcely leafy, and the leaflets are longer and much more ~ divided. Descr. From a woody perennial roof, many closely-placed stems diverge: they are ascending, six inches to a foot long, fre- quently purple, leafy, clothed with soft silky hairs, as 1s, more or less, every part of the plant. Leaves on longish petioles (which have two large, ovate, usually entire stipules at the base), ternate ; Jeaflets cuneato-obovate, trifid at the apex, of a firmish texture, glaucous beneath, the lateral ones sessile, the terminal one on a short petiolule. Peduncles slender, terminal, single- NOVEMBER Ist, 1851. flowered. Flowers large, yellow. Calyz with five large, obovate, spreading éracteas, glaucous beneath, entire. Petals large, rather obcordate than obovate. Stamens about twenty. Receptacles of the numerous ovaries distinct, very silky, subglobose. Ovaries also clothed with very long silky hairs. W. J. H. Cut. A native of the elevated regions of the Himalaya, and sufficiently hardy to endure the cold of this climate during the last winter. Till it has stood the test of a severe winter, however, it may be desirable to keep a few plants in pots under protection, for, being of a suffruticose habit, it may probably suffer from severe frost. It is a free-growing species, increasing rapidly by its stoloniferous roots, and soon forming a large patch. It continues to flower until late in the autumn. J. S. Fig. 1. Vertical section of a flower from which the petals are removed :— magnified. 4694. & 4 PI 2 ® rd 4 ro asi re rl fay Reeve & Nichols, imp aT Rate Tas. 4614. SPHAZROSTEMA propineuuM. Dr. Wailich’s Spherostema. Nat. Ord. ScuizANDRACE#.—Die@cta PoLYANDRIA. Gen. Char. Spherostema, Bl. Kadsure sp., Wall. — Flores unisexuales, monoici vel dioici. Corolle petala 9-15, ordine subternario in series 3-5 alter- nantes imbricata, erecto-conniventia vel patentia, toro imo inserta, crassiuscula ; Serle! externe ceteris plus minus magnitudine inferiora et tenuiora, seepe ine- qualia bracteolisque subconformia, calycina; omnia decidua.— FLoREs FeEM. Ovaria plurima, toro conico insidentia, confertissima, ovata, obliqua, subgibbosa, unilocularia. Ovula duo, parietina, ex angulo centrali dependentia. Styli nulli; stigmata totidem atque ovaria, ad eorundem faciem extremam lateralia. Carpella numerosissima, in toro valde elongato carnoso spicatim disposita, distinctissima, subglobosa v, obovato-globosa, in stipitem crassum brevissimum plerumque at- tenuata, ceterum cum illis Kadsure quoad fabricam omnino conniventia. Bi. SPHEROSTEMA propinguum ; dioicum, foliis ovatis denticulatis acuminatissimis, pedunculis axillaribus solitariis fasciculatisve bracteolis sparsis tectis petiolo longioribus, staminibus omnibus receptaculo connatis. SPHAROSTEMA propinquum. Blume, Schizandr. p. 14. Kapsura propinqua. Wall. Tent. Fl. Nep. p. 11. t. 15. \ We regret that we have only the male flowers of this interest- ing plant to represent ; but that is of the less consequence since we have so good a representation of the fertile flowers and of the fruit in Dr. Wallich’s excellent ‘Tentamen Flore Nepalensis Illustrate,’ above quoted. Our figure was taken from a plant. that flowered in the stove of the Royal Gardens of Kew, in June 1851. Dr. Wallich, to whom we are indebted for our plants, discovered the species on Sheopore and other hills at Lankoo, Nepal. Dr. Hooker found it frequent at from 7-9,000 feet in Sikkim-Himalaya. It is a handsome and fragrant shrub: the natives eat the fruit, which consists of many berries attached to a receptacle: the latter elongates itself as the fruit advances to maturity, when the whole resembles a long bunch of red currants. Dzscr. A much branching, twiggy, somewhat climbing shrub, glabrous. Leaves alternate, on short petioles, ovate, NOVEMBER Ist, 1851. much and finely acuminated, denticulate at the margin, penni- nerved, rather glaucous beneath. Peduncles longer than the petioles, axillary, single-flowered, solitary, or two to five or six in a fascicle, bearmg several remote appressed acuminate brac- teoles. Matz flowers with nine sepals, arranged in threes; the three outer smaller and calyciform, the six inner petaloid, cori- _ aceous, rotundate, spreading, pale yellow, corolloid. In the centre of the male flower is a globose, fleshy receptacle, pale yellow, with from twelve to sixteen short transverse clefts, form- ing so many blunt erect teeth, within each of which is situated a sessile anther, opening towards the centre by two longitudinal fissures, one in each cell—Frmatn flowers, according to Dr. Wallich, with sepals as in the male. Ovaries very small, nu- merous, fleshy, ovate, imbricated into a subglobose mass. Style none. Berries globose, fleshy, numerous, smooth, scarlet, two- seeded, arranged in a cylindrical spike, six inches long, with the rachis slightly compressed, muricated as it were by the numerous tubercles to which the berries were attached. WJ. H. Cur. Although not conspicuous as a showy flowering plant, yet the smooth leaves, general neat habit, and free growth of this species, make it worthy of cultivation. It is well adapted for training up rafters or on trellis-work. The plant from which the drawing was made is growing lurnziantly in light loam, and trained against the glass in the Palm-stove ; it will also succeed in a warm green-house. It increases freely by cuttings placed under a bell-glass, and treated in the usual way. J. 8. Fig. 1. Anther seen from within. 2. Receptacle of stamens cut through vertically. 3. Receptacle entire :—all more or less magnified. : ‘> > XS t Tas. 4615. IMPATIENS puLCHERRIMA. Handsome-flowered Balsam. Nat. Ord. BALSAMINE®.—PENTANDRIA MoNoGYNIA. Gen. Char. Anthere 5, nempe 8 diloculares, 2 ante petalum superius unilo- culares. Stamina 6 coalita, valvis a basi ad apicem extrorsum revolutis. Coty- ledones planiuscule. Peduyculi axillares, ramosi, multiflori. Capsule glabree.— Folia alterna. De Cand. . Impattens pulcherrima; caule erecto herbaceo glabro simplici vel ramoso, foliis alternis longiuscule petiolatis ovatis acuminatis crenato-serratis serra- turis setigeris supra hispido-scabris subtus glaucis glaberrimis, pedunculis axillaribus binis v. ternis unifloris folio dimidio brevioribus, sepalis latera- libus minutis subulatis posteriore amplo orbiculari apice bifido dorso medio aculeato-cuspidato anteriore cucullato mucronato basi in calcar filiforme pedicello longius contracto, petalis fere ad basin divisis segmentis cuneato- obovatis apice bilobis segmento anteriore ampliore, fructu medio puberulo demum glabrato ovato-oblongo obtusissime rostrato 13—14-spermo, pedi- cellis fructiferis erectis apice cernuis. Dalzell. Impatrens pulcherrima. Dalzell, Contrib. to the Bot. of Western India, in Hook. Kew Gard. Mise. v. 2. p. 37. One of the finest of the Indian Balsams, of which, so numerous are the species, that however long is the specific character above given by our excellent friend Mr. Dalzell, it is perhaps necessary for the distinguishing a new species, till the whole genus shall have been elaborated and divided into sections, on clear and tangible distinctions. Be that as it may, our figure will confirm the accuracy of Mr. Dalzell’s specific character. That gentleman found the plant near Warree, in the Southern Concon, Bombay, and seeds were sent to us in 1850. The plants continued to bear flowers during most of the summer months. I. J. H. Cutr. Like the other tropical species of Impatiens, a succulent, tender annual. The seeds should be sown in spring, and if placed in a gentle heat they will soon vegetate. When the young plants are of sufficient strength, they must be potted singly in small pots, and duly shifted into larger ones as they increase in size, which they will do rapidly if supplied with NOVEMBER Ist, 1851. rich soil and plenty of water, and kept in a close pit or frame. A few may be planted im the open air in a sheltered place ; but they are liable to suffer from too free an exposure to the winds and rain of this climate. Our plants have not perfected their seeds ; and we fear that young plants from cuttings will be diffi- cult to keep alive through the winter. J. 8. 4676. Fitgh,de¢l et Lith. Reeve & Nichols imp. Tas. 4616. FITZ-ROYA PatAGonica. Patagonian Fitz-Roya. Nat. Ord. Conrrer# (§ THuropsipez).—Mona@cia PoLyanDRIa. Gen. Char. Frrz-Roya, Hook. fil. Fu. Masc. ? Fam. Amenta solitaria, sessilia, globosa, ramulis brevibus terminalia. Syuame 6 (3 aliz abortivee, ter- minales, minute, tuberculiformes), imbricatz, in duas series inserte, ovato-orbi- culares, crass, coriaceze, dorso supra medium spina brevi recurvata; 8 exteriores minores, magis patentes, steriles; interiores erect, ovulifere. Ovula 3 ad basin singule squame. Fructus: Strobilus amentum emulans ; squame Sructi- Sere trisperme. Semina orbiculari-subbiloba, alato-compressa.—Arbor semper- virens Patagonica, ramosissima.° Folia decussata, quaterna, parva, oblonga vel ovata, acutiuscula, concava, dorso carinata, lineisque duabus depressis glaucis, de- currentia, juniora patentia, statu adulto erecto-patentia, imbricata, breviora. Frrz-Roya Patagonica. Frrz-Roya Patagonica. Hook. fil. in Herb. Hook. Lindl. in Pazxton’s Flower- Garden. v. 2. p. 147. 0. 387. : Specimens of this fine subantarctic tree, collected during the voyage of Capt. Robert Fitz-Roy, in H.M. surveying ship Beagle, were long ago examined and the fruit analyzed, and sketched, and named Fitz-Roya in compliment to that distinguished scien- tific officer. Nothing more seems to have been known of it till Mr. W. Lobb was sent by Messrs. Veitch and Son on his enter- prising botanical mission in South America. There, on the Pacific side of Patagonia, this “ magnificent ” tree was met with in abundance. The seeds have been successfully reared ; and although the plants are yet but small they bear female cones abundantly, and prove to be perfectly hardy; and Dr. Lindley very justly observes, that the “Sawe-Gothea conspicua, Fitz-Roya Patagonica, Libocedrus tetragona, and Podocarpus nubicola,’”’ all now flourishing in the open air in Mr. Veitch’s Nursery, “are the four most interesting Conifer@ for this country, after Arau- caria imbricata, which South America produces.” Dzscr. We are not able from personal knowledge to describe NOVEMBER Ist, 1851. the full-sized tree. The young, flourishing, fruit-bearing plants, from a foot to a foot and a half high, vary remarkably in appearance, the younger and even cone-bearing ones having the leaves very patent and lax, a second form having them mode- rately lax and patent, while a third form (and of this kind are the dried specimens sent home by Mr. Lobb) have the /eaves almost erect, and closely imbricated, and shorter than the other kinds. In all cases the /eaves are quaternate, decurrent, so as to give a furrowed character to the branchlets, oblong or ovate, dark green, concave above, keeled beneath, and on each side the keel or midrib having a pale glaucous depressed line, less con- spicuous and shorter in the more imbricated variety. The male flowers we have not seen. The nature of the cones, or strobil, will be best understood by our figures.—The genus is most allied to Thuiopsis of Siebold and Zuccarini; but it has only six scales to the cone, three of them seed-bearing, and each scale: including only three seeds. The foliage is extremely different from Thuja and Thuiopsis, uniform and spreading on all sides in Fitz-Roya. W. J. H. Curt. The absence of any extensive breadth of land in the _ high latitudes of the southern hemisphere, readily accounts for the paucity of large trees sufficiently hardy to thrive in the open air of this country. Certain species of Hucalyptus and Acacia from Van Diemen’s Land, and a few shrubs from New Zealand and Chili, endure our ordinary winters and continue to flourish for a time, the Hucalypti even showing fair prospect of becoming stately trees; but a winter more than commonly severe proves fatal to them. Even the Araucaria imbricata does not always sustain without injury the cold of some of our winters. But as Fitz-Roya'is found much farther south than the Araucaria and ascends to the limit of perpetual snow, we may reasonably hope to find it bear with impunity the lowest degree of cold to which it will be subject in this climate. J. S. Fig. 1. Branch of the usual appearance in the dried specimens sent home. 2. Leaves of the same. 3. Branch with leaves moderately patent. 4. Co- niferous branch from Mr. Veitch’s nursery. 5. Leaves of the same. 6. Stro- bilus, or cone. 7. The same, the three lower empty scales and one of the upper ones, and one of the three small terminal scales or tubercles, being removed. 8. A scale separated from the cone with its three seeds. 9. Seed. 10. The three small terminal tubercles :—all but figures 1, 2, 3, 4, more or less magnified. of 7 4-0 i ai Si os Tas. 4617. ULLUCUS rusgrosus. Ulluco. Nat. Ord. BasELLACEs.—PENTANDRIA MonoGynia. : _ Gen. Char, Fores membranacei. Calyx exterior apertus, inferne cum inte- riore longiore coalitus, bipartitus; laciniis equalibus,’ aristatis v. setiferis. Stamina inclusa, inferne in urceolum subcarnosum calyci adnatum inter se coalita ; Jilamentorum pars libera e basi calycis exserta, breviuscula, subulata, erecta ; antherae ovate. Ovarium subovatum. Stylus breviusculus, teres, apicem versus subincrassatus, Stigma superficies extrema styli. Fructus ovoideus, ealycibus immutatis inferne involutus. Pericarpium baccatum. Semen verticale.—Herba Peruviana. Caules carnosi. Folia alterna, petiolata, integerrima, carnosa, sub- nervosa. Flores pedicellati, in spicas simplices aut subramosas dispositi. Spice br eves, pauciflore, laxe, angulatim flexuose. Bracteze remotiuscule, valde inequa- les, inferiores basi pedicelli: bractea inferior magna, elongata, persistens ; superiores apice pedicelli minutissine, cum fructibus decidua. Moq. Utucus tudberosus. Uxiucus tuberosus. “ Lozano, in Senan. Nuov. Grenad. 1809. p.185.” De Cand. Prodr. v. 3. p.360. “ Mog. Bibl. Univ. Genev. 1849.” MELLoca tuberosa. Lindl. Garden. Chron. 1847. p. 685, and 1848. p. 828. (fig.) and in Med. § Gicon. Bot. p.159.f.229. Mog.in De Cand. Prodr.v.13.p.225. Meuxoca Peruviana. Mog. in De Cand. Prodr. v. 13. p. 225. MELLoca tuberosa? Mog. in De Cand. Prodr, v.13. p, 224. Basewua tuberosa. H. B. KX. Nov. Gen. et Sp. Am. v. 2. p. 189. The present plant is deserving of a figure in our Magazine, in part as a botanical curiosity, and in part as yielding tubers which are eaten in Peru, and which, in times of the potato-panic, have been introduced to Europe, with the vain hope of its proving a succedaneum for that invaluable esculent. During the prevalence of the famine occasioned by the failure of the Potato, various attempts were made to cultivate what might be con- sidered a substitute for it, but altogether without success. Whatever the vegetable might be, either our climate was not suited to it, or the substance obtained from it was worthless, or not agreeable to the English palate :—none was found to answer. For a time the Uduco claimed the public attention, by the in- troduction of its tubers, through Professor Jameson of Quito, DECEMBER Ist, 1851. to the Horticultural Society of London, as recorded in the ‘ Gar- deners’ Chronicle’ for 1847, p. 685. The plant is there rightly referred by Dr. Lindley to the Basella tuberosa, H. B. K., a “ native of the cool regions of Popayan and Pasto ;” but that able botanist, seeing at once the distinguishing characters, constituted of it anew genus, Melloca, the tubers being largely consumed by the Indian population under the name of “ Welloco.” It had, however, been previously described, as early as 1809, under the name of Ud/ucus. M. Louis Vilmorin gave a very interesting account of his attempts to cultivate this plant in France,* and he remarked a curious phenomenon, in the plant’s throwing out thread-like branches, which run over the plants or on the ground, and enter the soil to develope themselves into tubers. The largest of our tubers are about the size of a hasel-nut, of a rich yellowish colour and firm waxy texture. Mr. Pentland describes this plant as cultivated throughout the elevated regions of the Andes of Peru and Bo- livia (11,000-13,000 feet) under the name of “Oca quina.” The tubers are chiefly used by the Indians in the preparation of “ Chuno,” by alternately freezing them and steeping, by which they are changed into an amylaceous substance. Descr. Root fibrous, annual; but bearing, as does the Potato, numerous fleshy, yellow, firm éwéers, varying in size from that of a pea to a good-sized hasel-nut. Stems prostrate, one to two feet long, procumbent, or ascending rather than scandent, and with a disposition to twine, moderately branched, glabrous, as is the whole plant: stem and dranches rooting here and there, thick, succulent, watery, brittle, very angular, red, streaked with yellow. Leaves alternate on long petioles, cordate-reniform, acute, veined, entire, penninerved, somewhat fleshy, glossy: petioles longer than the leaves, thick, grooved, almost winged at the margin and there red. Peduncles about as long as the petiole, axillary, soli- tary, with a long setaceous bractea at the base, bearing flowers in a raceme from below the middle to the apex. Pedicels about a line long, red, subtended by subulate dracteas about their own length. oral bracteas (outer calyx of Moquin) two, large, op- posite, red, orbicular, membranaceous lobes, green in the lower half, which is united to the perianth. Sepals five, membrana- ceous, yellow, glossy, spreading, cordato-ovate, tapering into a long, subulate, flexuose tail. Stamens five, small, yellow; fila- ments very short, subulate, united at the base into a ring, which combines with the five sepals; anthers of two cup-shaped cells, each opening bya pore at the top. Ovary obovato-globose, green. Style short, green. Stigma obtuse. The fruit I have not seen. All our flowers prove abortive. W. J. H. * See ‘ Gardeners’ Chronicle,’ 1848, p. $28. : a : 4 : Cur. A succulent, herbaceous plant, growing luxuriantly in the open air during the summer and autumn. Its singular flowers are small and make no show; it is, therefore, chiefly interesting to the botanist, or as a plant for the gardens of the curious. Being easily affected by frost, it is necessary to take up the tubers about the end of October, and keep them in store till April: they should then be planted in the open air. It requires no particular treatment, growing as freely in the shade as when fully exposed to the sun. J. S. Fig. 1. Root with tubers :—vatural size. 2. Flowers and bracteas on a portion of the raceme. 3. Stamen. 4. Pistil :-—magnified. Reeve & Nichols, imp Tas. 4618. CEDRONELLA cana. Hoary-leaved Cedronella. ee Nat. Ord. Laprat#.—DipYNaMIa ANGIOSPERMIA. Gen. Char. Calyx tubulosus v. campanulatus, ore subzequali v. obliquo 5-denta- to. Corolla tubo exserto, intus nuda, fauce dilatata, limbo bilabiato, Zadio supe- riore recto subplano emarginato-bifido, inferiore trifido, lobo medio maximo. Stamina 4, adscendentia, didynama, inferioribus brevioribus; anthere bilocula- res, loculis parallelis. Stylus apice subsequaliter bifidus, Zodis subulatis apice stigmatiferis. Nucule sicce, leves.—Herbe vel frutices. Verticillastri iz spica v.racemo terminali approximati.. Folia floralia bracteaformia. Bractee parve setacee. Benth. ‘ CEDRONELLA cana; erecta elata, foliis cordato- inferioribus subhastato-ovatis acutiusculis integerrimis vel grosse dentatis minutissime pubescenti-incanis, yerticillastris multifloris in spicam longam multifloram approximatis, calyce tubuloso. . Mr. Bentham has long ago referred the Gardoguia Mexicana H. B.K. (G. betonicoides, Lindl., and Graham in Bot. Mag. t. 3860), tothe genus Cedronella. The two genera are, however, in different sections of the Zabiate. From that species our present. one, detected by Mr. Charles Wright in an expedition from Western Texas to El Pasco, New Mexico, and no. 474 of that gentleman’s distributed collections, differs in the entirely glaucous stem and leaves, occasioned by a minute hoary pubes- cence, scarcely visible except in the recent plant, in the much smaller, more numerous, and shorter’ leaves, quite entire among and much below the whorls of flowers. Like that, however, the leaves abound in fragrant oil-dots. It flowers in the summer months, and makes a handsome appearance in the flower-border. Descr. Two and a half to three feet high, much branched, especially at the base: branches opposite, square, hoary with very minute pubescence. Leaves small and entire, hoary in the upper part of the stem and near-and about the flowers, and there numerous and approximate, ovate or ovato-lanceolate ; lower DECEMBER Ist, 1851. down larger, and cordato-ovate, or even approaching to hastate all rather obtuse, scarcely ever acuminated, and then but slightly so, more or less strongly dentato-serrate, the teeth never reaching to the point. Whorls of flowers in axillary racemes, shortly pedunculate, the flowers pointing upwards. Calya tubular, with five narrow, almost subulate, or subulato-lanceolate, erect teeth. Corolla almost exactly as in the C. Mezicana, represented in Bot. Mag. t. 3860. W. J. H. Curr. A hard-stentned herbaceous plant, of suffruticose habit ; the stems growing in a compact manner, and producing nume- rous spikes of showy flowers, which make it worthy of cultivation for the border. It appears to be quite hardy, and grows freely in common garden-soil. It may be increased by division of the roots, or by cuttings taken from the lower part of the stems. /. S. Fig. 1. Ovary with the hypogynous disc :—magnified. 4 OAD. es Fitch del et Reeve & Nichols Tas. 4619. DENDROBIUM cucuMERINUM. Cucumber Dendrobium. Nat. Ord. OrcHIDEZ.—GYNANDRIA MONANDRIA. Gen. Char. (Vide supra, TaB. 4352.) DENDROBIUM cucumerinum; nanum intricatum cespitosum, ramis brevissimis articulatis cylindraceis monophyllis, foliis oblongis teretibus seriatim tuber- culatis, pedunculis brevissimis 3-(5-)floris, sepalis petalisque linearibus acuminatis obtusis, labelli trilobi lobis lateralibus triangularibus intermedio ovato crispato lamellis 5 (3) undulatis in medio, clinandrio denticulato. Lindl. DENDROBIUM cucumerinum. M‘Leay, in Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1842. Mise. 63. Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1843. ¢. 37. Exactly as our specimen of this curious plant was, by the kindness of Capt. Philip King, R.N., received by us from Aus- tralia, we have represented it, growing from the same branch of a tree that it was imported upon in a good flowering state. The flowers, though large in proportion to the plant, are far from showy. ‘The remarkable feature of the plant is the close resemblance the leaves (as Dr. Lindley is inclined to consider them) rather than pseudo-bulbs, bear to a collection of little tuberculated cucumbers or rather girkins; if they are pseudo-bulbs, then this plant bears no real leaves. ‘That they are not pseudo- bulbs seems the more probable, from the fact that the peduncles do not spring from any portion of them. Our drawing was made in March 1851, in the Orchideous House of the Kew Gardens. Descr. Epiphytal. Stem branched, creeping and running prostrate over the trunks or branches of trees, about as thick as a small goose-quill, flexuose, jointed, striated. Hoots short, thick, white, wrinkled. Leaves oblong, terete, two inches long, obtuse at both ends, ofa dark somewhat glaucous green, embossed with fleshy tubercles arranged in longitudinal lines. Lowers three to five, white or cream-colour, streaked with purple, borne in ra- cemes which arise from articulations of the stem. Pedunele short, with very minute purple éracteas. Sepals and petals nearly DECEMBER Ist, 1851. alike, linear, subsecund : spur very obtuse. Lip almost spathu- late, acuminate, indistinctly three-lobed, lateral lobes incurved, middle lobe lobed and crenulated at the margin: the disc bears (in_our plants) three membranous plates, which become lobed and undulated in the middle lobe of the labellum. Column short, toothed at the margin of the clinandrium. Ovary tu- bercled at the angles. WV... H. Curr. This singular plant is one of the few epiphytal Orchids that are natives of New Holland. They are chiefly found beyond the tropic on the eastern coast, in a climate where they often endure great drought, some growing on trees fully exposed to the sun. They are generally of a rigid, dry habit, and often do not thrive well under cultivation in this country. ‘The present species is usually imported growing on the smaller branches of trees, to which it is firmly fixed by its roots. We find it thrive best in a house or pit that receives no artificial heat, except sufficient to keep out frost. 7. 8. Fig. 1. Ovary, and column with its base decurrent to form the spur. 2. La- bellum. 3. Pollen-masses :—magnified, Reeve & Nichols Tas. 4620. KLUGIA Norontana. East Indian Klugia. Nat. Ord. CyrTanDRACE#.—DIDYNAMIA ANGIOSPERMIA. Gen. Char. Calyz \axe tubulosus, basi inzequalis, nunc superne gibbus, penta- ptero-pentagonus, 5-fidus, lobis xstivatione valvata, alis seu plicis tubi cum lobis alternantibus. Corolla personata, tubo subcylindrico, fauce clausa, labio su- periore abbreviato bilobo, inferiore producto indiviso vel semitrilobo (ex Schlecht.) indiviso (Br.). Stamina corollz tubo inserta, inclusa, 4 fertilia, didynama, absque rudimento quinti; anthere biloculares, reniformes, in coronulam cohzerentes. Ovarium disco annulari completo cinctum, uniloculare, placentis 2 parietalibus bilobis utrinque multiovulatis. Stigma depresso-capitatum, simplex. Capsula ovata, calyce inclusa, valvis 2 medio placentiferis. Semina 00, elliptico-ob- longa, sulcata, transversim rugulosa.—Herbe annua, in Asia tropica et Mexico ob- servate, habitu, foliis e¢ inflorescentia Rhynchoglossi, a guo differunt solum antheris 4. Folia tenerrima, alterna, valde inequalia, oblongo-ovata, acuminata, subintegra vel repando-denticulata, pube minuta subgrumosa subtus crebre punctulata. Flores racemosi, subsecundi, cerulet. . Kiver1a Notoniana; caule carnosulo hine linea dense villosa notato, foliis basi dimidiato-cordatis, calyce 5-angulato, angulo superiore prope basin cristato. Kuivera Notoniana. De Cand. Prodr. v. 9.p. 276. Gard. in Cale. Journ. of Se— Wight, Ic. Plant. Ind. Or. v. 4. t. 1353. Wotrenta Notoniana. Wail. Tent. Fl. Nepal. in MS. p. 46. Cat. n. 409. GLossantuus Notoniana. Br. in Horsf. Fl. Jav. p. 121. (without descr.) GuiossantTuus Malabarica. Klein, in Benth. Scroph. Ind.p.57. Wall. Cat. n, 6394.» GLossantuvs Zeylanica. Br. in Horsf. 1. c.? (without descr.) The genus A/ugia of Schlechtendal in ‘ Linnea’ (1833), the same with Glossanthus of Klein (1835) and of Brown, was founded on a Mexican plant; but a congener, if not congeners, are found in India: the present is one of them, remarkable for the great obliquity of the base of the leaf, and the brilliant colour of the blue flowers. Our living plants were received from Ceylon, through the kindness of our valued friend Mr. Thwaites, of the Botanic Gardens, Peradenia. Hence we suspect it may be the Glossanthus Zeylanica of Mr. Brown, |. c., without description. It is, however, certainly the Wulfenia Notoniana of Dr. Wallich, DECEMBER Ist, 1851, and consequently Glossanthus Notoniana of Mr. Brown, and Klugia Notoniana of De Candolle, whose name we here adopt. It is abundant in the Neilgherry hills, and flowers in the stove in September. Descr. Annual, herbaceous, succulent. Whole plant more or less hairy: on the stems the hairs are chiefly confined to a line on one side, most distinct in the ends of the branches. Leaves alternate, petiolated, entire or slightly serrated, semicordate, acuminate, very unequal at the base, strongly penninerved. Ra- cemes opposite the leaves, many-flowered ; the flowers secund and all pointing downwards, each pedicel bearing a small linear brac- tea. Calyx ovate, acuminate, five-cleft, five-angled, the angle more or less winged, upper angle generally most so and crested. Corolla large, very unequally bilabiate, rich, very deep blue, yellow near the base. Upper lip small, bidentate, /ower broad and elliptical, entire, waved, with two cavities near the base, more than an inch long. Stamens four. Ovary immersed in a fleshy cup. W.J.H. Cur. A soft-stemmed tropical plant, of low decumbent habit, and producing roots from the under side of the stem. It is at this time growing and flowering freely in a warm stove. A mixture of light loam and peat-soil suits it, and it appears to love moisture ; it is, however, liable to suffer by an excess of moisture in the atmosphere of the house in the winter, and more particularly towards the spring, as by that time its powers have become ex- hausted and it is apt to damp off. J. S. Fig. 1. Pistil and hypogynous cup. 2. Calyx :—magnified. Gear. “sto TTY sAae Ue PP IE E94 Tas. 4621. SAXIFRAGA FLAGELLARIS. Spider-legged Saxifrage. Nat. Ord. SAXIFRAGACEH.—DECANDRIA DiGyNIa. Gen. Char. Calyx 5-sepalus, sepalis plus minus inter se et seepe cum ovario coalitis. Petala 5, rariter irregularia, breviter unguiculata, integra. Stamina 10, 5 sepalis, 5 petalis opposita; anther biloculares. Capsula calyci adnata vel libera ; carpella 2, sepe usque ad stylum coalita. Semina numerosa, rugosa Vv. leevia, in pluribus seriebus disposita. Spermodermium ultra nucleum ovoideum non pro- ductum.—Herbe perennes v. annua, sepissime valde polymorphe in eadem specie. Flores sepius paniculati, vel corymbosi, abortu solitarit. De Cand. SaxrrraGa flagellaris ; flagellis filiformibus apice proliferis, caule erecto sim- plici 1-3-floro calycibusque glanduloso-pilosis, foliis radicalibus caulinisque obovato-spathulatis glanduloso-ciliatis, petalis persistentibus capsula fere omnino supera longioribus. SaxrrraGa flagellaris. Willd. ex Sternb. Rev. Sax. p. 25. t. 6. Br. Chior. Mele. p.15. Bieb. Fl. Taur. Cauc. Suppl. p. 291. Hook. Fl. Bor. Am.v.1. p. 258. t. 87. Torrey and Gray, N. Am. Flora, v. 2. p. 564. SaxrrraGa aspera. Bieb.\ Fl. Taur. Cauc. v. 1. p. 314 (excl. syn.). Saxrrraca setigera. Pursh, dm. Bor. v.1. p. 312. Not one of the many expeditions that have gone out to dis- cover a “north-west passage,” or in search of the many brave and excellent officers and men of the Erebus and Terror whose fate is yet unknown to us, but has prosecuted researches in various branches of natural history—botany in particular. The flora of the Arctic regions, consequently, is as well known as that of any portion of civilized Europe. Living plants from those regions are always desiderata, for our climate, especially in the latitude and in the proximity of London, is very unsuited to their preservation, and they soon perish. A box filled with various growing plants, has been collected at Cornwallis Island, and sent to the Royal Gardens of Kew, by Capt. N. Penny, com- manding the ship Albert, in conjunction with his very intelligent medical officer, Dr. Sutherland, and among them this curious and rare Saxifrage in a flowering state. It is drawn and lithographed and now published in little more than a month from its being landed in England, in October 1851. The present species of Sazxifraga inhabits the Caucasian and Altaic Alps, as well as the Rocky Mountains of North America in about lat. 42°, to Melville DECEMBER Ist, 1851. Island in the extreme north and Behring’s Straits to the west. Closely allied species are found in the Himalaya. It has received the appropriate name of the Spider-plant from the sailors of our Arctic Expeditions. Descr. From a perpendicular, somewhat fusiform and fibrous bearing roof, there diverge in all directions a number of filiform slightly pubescent stolones, bearing gemmz or young plants at the extremity, which send down radicles, and thus plant a colony of new individuals around the parent. From the centre or top of this root arises a solitary, erect, leafy stem, with crowded rosu- late leaves at the base and more distant ones above. These are spathulate, spreading, the upper ones more oblong, all of them ciliated at the margin, the cilia glanduliferous. At the summit is sometimes a solitary fower ; sometimes a cluster or umbel of from three to five. Calye of five ciliated sepals, very much re- sembling the leaves in shape and texture, but smaller; equally glanduloso-ciliate. Petals obovate, yellow, five-nerved, shortly unguiculate. Stamens ten, shorter than the petals; anthers small, nearly globose. Ovary broad-ovate, almost entirely su- perior. Stigmas ciliated. W. J. H. Cuxr. This diminutive plant will, we fear, like most Arctic plants, not last long in cultivation, owing to the impracticability of placing it under conditions of climate similar to those of its native countries. It there remains, for about ten months of the year, in a dormant state, buried under snow; on the melting of which it springs immediately into growth, and, being stimulated by the warmth and continuous light of the sun’during the short Arctic summer, comes rapidly to maturity, producing flowers and multiplying by means of viviparous stolons. During this short period the soil is thawed to a depth of from eighteen inches to two feet, the earth below remaining in a frozen state throughout the year, showing that vegetable life in the Arctic . regions is entirely dependent upon solar influence. Such being the circumstances amidst which this plant lives, it should be kept in a state of rest during winter, which, under the influence of our varying temperature, is difficult: for even if this and other Arctic plants are placed, in winter, in what we call a cool temperature, we still find them in a growing state, by which they become weak and soon exhaust themselves. J. S. Fig. 1. Petal. 2. Leaf. 3. Calyx and pistil. 4. Single-flowered. var. :— all but f. 4 magnified. 4622. Reeve & Michols mp Fitch del et ith Tas. 4622. POLYGONUM vitae oe Whortle-berried Knotweed. Nat. Ord. Potygone®.—Octanpria TRIGYNIA: Gen. Char. Flores hermaphroditi v. abortu polygami. Perigonium sepissime coloratum, quinquefidum, rarius tri-quadrifidum, laciniis interdum inequalibus demum plerumque auctum. Stamina 5 v. 8, perigonii laciniis singulatim v. in- - terioribus etiam geminatim opposita, rarissime 4 v. 9 ; jilamenta subulata; anthere =~ : ovate, didymz, versatiles. Glandule perigyne v. rarius hypogyne, staminibus alternee, interdum nulle. Ovarium uniloculare,. compressum v. triquetrum ; ovulum unicum, basilare, orthotropum. Styli bi-trifidi, interdum subnulli. Stig- mata capitata. Achenium lenticulare v. triquetrum, perigonio inclusum. Semen achenio conforme, erectum. Hmbryo albuminis farinacei y. cornei angulum am- biens, antitropus, leviter arcuatus ; coty/edonibus incumbentibus anguste linearibus, v. accumbentibus foliaceis latis, albuminis sulco receptis; radicula longiuscula supera.—Herbee cosmopolite, inter tropicos rariores, annue v. perennes, interdum es suffrutescentes, nonnulle aquatica, quedam volubiles; foliis alternis, petiolatisv. .- sessilibus, integerrimis v. sinuatis, interdum crispato-undulatis, nonnunquam pel- — oe lucido-punctatis, ochreis membranaceis laxiusculis, floribus spicatis racemosis v, paniculatis, interdum-subcapitatis, bracteis nunc ochreis conformibus, nunc infun- — dibuliformi-turbinatis. Endl. * io eg Se PotyGonuM vacciniifoliwum; glaberrimum radicans fruticulosum ramosum de- _ cumbens, ramis copiosis erectis spiciferis, foliis approximatis ovatis in petio-— lum brevem attenuatis, racemis copiosis terminalibus lateribusque multiflo- ris, sepalis 5 (intense roseis), stylis 3-4, ochreis setacéo-fissis. £2 + PotyGonum vacciniifolium. Wall. Cat. n. 1695. Meisner in Wall. Pl. Asiat. Rar. v. 3. p.54. Royle, Bot, Himal. p. 317. t. 80. f. 2. eS ee __ Apparently a common Himalayan plant. Dr. Wallich’s col- lector, Blinkworth, first discovered it at Bhuddrinath (n. 1695 _ of the E. I. C.’s catalogue.) Major Madden found it extending _ from Buschur to Kumaoon, at elevations varying from 11,000 to 13,000 feet above the level of the sea; and Dr. Thomson as well as Dr. Hooker met with it both in Eastern and Western Himalaya. _ We owe its introduction to this country, where it proves perfectly hardy, to Dr. Royle, and we have since raised plants from Dr _ Hooker’s seeds; and certainly a bed filled with this easily-in- - creased plant is as pretty an object as can well be imagined. The leaves ‘are quite concealed by the copious spikes of bright ~ rose-coloured flowers, which continue blooming from August till ae DECEMBER Ist, 1851. ms Se ee es a ees __ November uninterruptedly. We are much mistaken if this will not become a great favourite in our gardens as a bedding-out _ plant, especially where autumn flowers are desirable. eee ___ Duscr. Roots very woody, perennial, much divided and de- scending deep into the soil. Stems varying in length, from five to” six inches to a foot-and-a-half, extensively branched, procumbent, Tooting ; the branches ascending and spicigerous. Zeaves more or ngular. Sepals spreadir it to'ten. Styles three. Ovary small, ovate, acut JH : 4 oe - s where it will not be subject to drought in summer.