CURTIS’S BOTANICAL MAGAZINE, COMPRISING THE Plants of the Ropal Gardens of Kew AND OF OTHER BOTANICAL ESTABLISHMENTS IN GREAT BRITAIN ; WITH SUITABLE DESCRIPTIONS; BY SIR WILLIAM JACKSON HOOKER, K.H., D.C.L. Oxon., F.L.S., CORRESPONDING MEMBER OF THE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE IMPERIAL INSTITUTE OF FRANCE, AND DIRECTOR OF THE ROYAL GARDENS OF KEW. ARRAY VOL. XVII. OF THE THIRD SERIES; (Or Vol. LXXXVII. of the Whole Work.) PRA RAR RRA RRR ** Who loves a garden loves a greenhouse too : Unconscious of a less propitious clime, There blooms exotic beauty, warm and snug, While the winds whistle and the snows descend.”’ VARA LONDON: LOVELL REEVE & CO., HENRIETTA STREET, COVENT GARDEN. 1861. ; . ‘ ae JOHN EDWARD TAYLOR, PRINTER, : ot a) LITTLE QUEEN STREET, LINCOLN’S INN PI. j + TO DR. FREDERICK MUELLER, PH. ET M.D., FELLOW OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF LONDON, ETC. ETC. ETC., THE ENLIGHTENED AND ENERGETIC GOVERNMENT BOTANIST AT VICTORIA, AUSTRALIA, DIRECTOR OF THE GOVERNMENT BOTANIC GARDEN OF MELBOURNE, WHO HAS ADVANCED OUR KNOWLEDGE OF THE BOTANY OF ALL AUSTRALIA IN sO EMINENT A DEGREE, BY iris WRITINGS AND BY HIS TRAVELS, ESPECIALLY IN THE AUSTRALIAN ALPS, AS TO JUSTIFY THE RESPECTIVE GOVERNORS OF THAT VAST TERRITORY IN PROMOTING THE PUBLICATION OF A ** FLORA AUSTRALICA,”’ The present Volume is Dedicated, WITH THE SENTIMENTS OF THE HIGHEST REGARD AND AFFECTION, BY THE AUTHOR. Royat Garveys, Kew, December 31, 1861. INDEX, In which the Latin Names of the Plants contained in the Seventeenth Volume of the Tarrp Ssrizs (or Eighty- seventh Volume of the Work) are alphabetically arranged. Plate. Plate. 5235 Aichmea Melinonii. 5280 Higginsia regalis. 5250 Amomum Clusii. 5272 Hoya (Otostemma) lacunosa ; 5267 Ariseema preecox. var. pallidiflora. 5266 Arnebia Griffithii. 5269 —— Shepherdi. 5256 Begonia glandulosa. 5276 Impatiens flaccida. 5254 phyllomaniaca. 5237 ————— Walkeri. © 5244 Beloperone violacea. 5259 Lepanthes calodictyon. 5270 Billbergia bivittata. 5258 Lindenia rivalis. 5255 Caladium bicolor; var. Chantini. | 5247 Malortiea simplex. 5263 var. Verschaf- | 5223 Musa Ensete. feiti. 5273 Mutisia decurrens. 5233 Calopetalon ringens. 5245 Paritium elatum. 5228 Centradenia grandifolia. 5230 Pentagonia Wendlandi. 5264 Cerinthe retorta. 5260 Pentstemon spectabilis. 5231 Chenopodium purpurascens, 5282 Phyllagathis rotundifolia. : 5265 Chysis aurea; var. Lemminghei. | 5234 Puya grandiflora. 5241 Cistus vaginatus. 5225 Warszewiczii. 5236 Coleus inflatus. 5238 Polygonum Chinense; foliis 5243 Convolvulus Mauritanicus. pictis. 5227 Cosmos diversifolius ; var.aéro- | 5257 Restrepia Lansbergii. sanguineus. 5274 Salvia cacalizefolia. 5271 Craspedia Richea. 5277 Spiranthes cernua. 5932 Cuphea Jorullensis. 5868 Spigelia splendens. 5261 Dendrobium Hilli. 5278 Stanhopea bucephalus. 5249 linguzeforme. 5253 Stenogaster concinna. 5252 Dimorphotheca graminifolia. 5251 Streptocarpus Saundersii. 5248 Draceena bicolor. 5226 Tabernemontana grandiflora. 5240 Drosera spathulata. 5229 Tillandsia pulchella. 5281 Echinacea angustifolia. 5246 ————— recurvifolia. 5262 Gomphia oliveeformis. 5279 Vaccinium Imrayi. 5275 Gonatanthus sarmentosus. 5242 Zamia Skinneri, 5239 Gustavia pterocarpa. | INDEX, In which the English Names of the Plants contained in the Seventeenth Volume of the Turrp Serres (or Eighty- seventh Volume of the Work) are alphabetically arranged. ~— Plate. 5235 Achmea, copious-flowered. 5267 Ariseema, early-flowering. 5266 Arnebia, Griffith’s. 5237 Balsam, red-flowered. 5276 soft-leaved. 5256 Begonia, glandular-leaved. 5254 - proliferous-stemmed. 5244 Beloperone; violet-flowered. 5270 Billbergia, ribbanded. 5243 Bindweed, Mauritanian. 5238 Buckwheat, leaved. 5255 Caladium, two-coloured ; Chan- tin’s var. 5263 — two-coloured; Ver- schaffelt’s var. 5233 Calopetalon, ringent. 5228 Centradenia, large-leaved. 5264 Cerinthe, curve-flowered. 5265 Chysis, golden-flowered; var. Lemminghei. 5241 Cistus, sheath-leaved. 5236 Coleus, inflated. 5227 Cosmos, various-leaved; deep blood-flowered var. 5271 Craspedia, glaucous-leaved. 5232 Cuphea, Jorullo. 5261 Dendrobium, Mr. Hills. 5249 linguiform. 5252 Dimorphotheca, grassy-leaved. 5248 Dracena, broad-leaved two-co- loured. 5281 Echinacea, narrow-leaved. 5223 Ensete, or Bruce’s Banana. Chinese painted- | PDIP L ALLA Plate. 5262 5275 5231 5239 5280 5272 Gomphia, olive-fruited. Gonatanthus sarmentose. Goosefoot, purple. Gustavia, wing-fruited. Higginsia, royal. Hoya, furrowed; pale-flowered var. Mr. Shepherd’s. Lepanthes, net-leaved. 5258 Lindenia, riverside. 5247 Malortiea, simple-leaved. 5273 Mutisia, decurrent-leaved. 5250 Paradise, Grain of, flowered. 5245 Paritium, lofty, or Cuba-bast. 5230 Pentagonia, Wendland’s. 5260 Pentstemon, beautiful. 5282 Phyllagathis, round-leaved. 5234 Puya, large-flowered. 5225 - Warszewicz’s. 5257 Restrepia, Lansberg’s. 5274 Sage, cacalia-leaved. 5268 Spigelia, brilliant. 5277 Spiranthes, drooping-flowered. 5278 Stanhopea, bull-herned. 5253 Stenogaster, neat. 5251 Streptocarpus, Mr. Saunders’s. 5240 Sundew, spathulate. 5226 Tabernemontana, large - flow- ered, 5229 Tillandsia, delicate. 5246 recurved-leaved. 5279 Vaccinium, Dr. Imray’s. 5242 Zamia, Mr. Skinner’s. 5269 5259 golden- ap Sy! Tat a 2, and : ae a re coe Vincent Brooks, Imp. <+nntiisdeneniiiesheanaraerc hee Tas.. 5223, 5224 MUSA ENSETE. Ensete, or Bruce's Banana. Nat. Ord. Musace#.—Potyeamia Monacta. Gen. Char. Perigonium epigynum, bilabiatum ; Zabinm inferius tubulosum, postice usque ad basin fissum, apice quinquelobum ; superius concavum, nanum, amplectens. Samina 5, sexto postico abortivo. Ovarium inferum, triloculare. Ovula in loculorum angulo centrali plurima, biseriata, horizontalia, anatropa. Stylus crassus; stigma infundibuliformi-clavatum, breviter sex-lobum. Bacea oblonga, angulata, trilocularis, seminibus plurimis in pulpa nidulantibus sepius effcetis farcta. Semina depressiuscula, subglobosa, éesta crustacea, atra, ad umbi- licum impressa. Embryo orthotropus, fungiformis, in axi albuminis subfarinosi, extremitate radiculari umbilicum attingente, centripeta.— Herbee gerontogee, tro- pice vel subtropice, in Americam introducta, gigantee; trunco e petiolorum vagi- nis longissimis scapum radicalem, solo apice liberum, floriferum velantibus conflato ; lamina foliorum amplissima, valde nervosa; floribus in axilla spatharum confertis, . ebracteatis. Endl. Musa EHnsete, excelsa (40-pedalis) perennis, stolonibus nullis, caule basin versus valde incrassato, foliis brevi-petiolatis (vaginis longissimis) oblongis acutis firmis, costa valida dorso purpureo-fusco, spadice brevi-petiolato nutante dense spathaceo, spathis amplis, floribus densissimis compactis, perigonii labio minore longe mucronato, fructibus oblongo-pyriformibus abortu 1-3- spermis, seminibus magnitudine coryli avellane. Musa Ensete. Gmel. Syst. Nat. v. 2. p. 567. Hook. in Kew Gard. Misc. v. 8. p. 210. Ensete. Bruce, Trav. in Abyss. (Engl. ed.8v0) v. 7. p. 149; and Atlas, 4to, t. 8,9. — Enseré. Poir. in Dict. Sc. Nat. v. 14. p. 515. ANSETT. Plowden, in litt. — eee The celebrated James Bruce, of Kinnaird, was unquestionably one of the most remarkable travellers of the last century, but he unfortunately obtained little credit during his lifetime for his many interesting discoveries. It was left for future travellers to confirm their accuracy ; and if we consider the state of science at the time Bruce became a traveller, and the multitude of ob- jects that his researches embraced, it must be allowed that few have displayed more accuracy, and none more indomitable energy. It is now nearly a hundred years since Bruce entered Abyssinia with the view of discovering the source of the Nile. Tt was JANUARY Ist, 1861. then that he found the remarkable plant to the illustration of which we have devoted two plates, and which would still have remained unknown to us to the present day (save from Bruce’s description and really accurate figures), but for the kindness of Walter Plowden, Esq., our late British Consul at Mussowah, who sent the seeds of this plant to me in 1853, under the native name, “Ansett.” From our ignorance of the appearance of the seeds of any Banana (the cultivated Bananas and Plantains do not per- fect their seeds), we did not at first recognize these seeds as connected with that family of the Vegetable Kingdom; but the growth being rapid in our Palm-house, we soon discovered our plant to be the “ Znsete” of Bruce (not Enseté, as written by Poiret). But if this distinguished Abyssinian explorer was Wrong in pronouncing it, as he did, to be “no species of Musa,” we must remember that he could have only been acquainted with the Bananas known in cultivation; and he certainly well distinguished his plant from these. “It is true,” he says, “the leaf of the Banana resembles that of the Ensete; it bears figs,* and has an excrescence (the spadix) from its trunk, chiefly dif- fering from the Znsete in size, etc.; but the figs of a Banana are in shape of a cucumber, and this is the part that is eaten, The fig is sweet, though mealy, and of a taste highly agreeable. It is supposed to have no seeds” (the flowers being abortive), “but the figs of the Ensete are not eatable ; they are of a ten- der, soft substance, watery, tasteless, and in colour and consis- tence similar to a rotten apricot; they are of a conical form, crooked a little at the lower end, about an inch and a half in length, and an inch in breadth where thickest. In the inside of these there is a large stone, half an inch long, of the shape of a bean or Cashew-nut, of a dark-brown colour.” And again, the stem of the Banana, as is well known, is an annual, bearin its fruit as soon as its stem and foliage have attained their full size, and then perishing down to the root, and no part of the ‘Stem can be eaten. “The body of the trunk of the Eusete for several feet high is esculent; and while young, is, when cooked, the best of all vegetables, tasting like wheat-bread not perfectly baked. ... When you make use of the Bnsete for eating, you cut it immediately above the roots, and perhaps a foot or two higher if the plant is advanced in age; you strip the green from the upper part till it becomes white, where it is soft, like a turnip = boiled ; if eaten with milk and butter, it is the best of all ood. ‘To understand clearly the part that is eaten of the Ensete, we must consider the mode of growth of the plant. The leaves, at least the very broad sheathing bases, all spring from a large, very * The French call the small-fruited kinds “ Figues Bananiers.” tel solid, but fleshy, pure-white, conical rhizome (fibrous with roots beneath), and constitute the stem, and they are of so coarse a nature, and so full of fibre and air-cells, as to be totally unfit for food. But in the centre of this is the axis, formed of the pe- duncle or scape, which bears the spadix at the extremity in course of time (ten years according to Bruce, three to five years from our experience). This is as thick as a man’s arm, pure white, as is the sheath formed by the broad bases of the petioles that surround it, rises gradually from the rhizome, increases in length, bearing large membranaceous close-pressed bracts, and, where it emerges from the sheathing leaves, one or two small, foliaceous bracts, carrying up with it the later-formed upper leaves with the infant spadix. Now it is while the centre, or scape, is young and tender, in a state exactly analogous to the “cabbage” in Palms and in Cycadaceous plants, etc., that it’is excellent and nutritious : as soon as it is mature it turns hard, and is no longer eatable. Bruce has given a representation of this scape, stripped of its external covering. The Ensete appears to be peculiar to Abyssinia, particularly abundant in Naree, growing in the great swamps and marshes of that country, formed by rivers rising there which have no out- let. It comes to great perfection at Gondar, but most abounds in that part of Maitsha and Goutto west of the Nile, where there are large plantations of it, and is there, almost to the ex- clusion of anything else, the food of the Galla inhabiting that province. At Maitsha they cannot grow grain, and vegetable food would therefore be very scarce were it not for this plant. Not only botanically has Bruce discussed this fine plant, but historically, as connected with the mythology of Egypt. “We see,” he says, “in some of the Egyptian antique statues the figure of Isis sitting between the branches (foliage ?) of the Ba- nana-tree, as it is supposed, and some handfuls of ears of wheat ; you see also the hippopotamus ravaging a quantity of Banana- trees. But the (true) Banana is not a plant of the country, and could never have entered into the list of their hieroglyphics ; for this reason, it could not figure anything permanent or regular in the history of Egypt or its climate. I therefore imagine that this hieroglyphic was wholly Ethiopian, and that the supposed Banana, which, as an adventitious plant, signifies nothing in Egypt, was only a representation of the Hzsefe, and that the re- cord in the hieroglyphic of Isis and the Hxsete-tree was some- thing that happened between harvest and the time the Ensete- tree came to be in use, which is in October. The hippopotamus is generally thought to represent the Nile, that has been so abundant as to be destructive. When, therefore, we see upon the obelisks the hippopotamus destroying the Banana, we may suppose it meant that the extraordinary inundation had goné so far as not only to destroy the wheat, but also to retard or hurt. the growth of the Ensete, which was to supply its place. I do likewise conjecture that the bundle of branches of a plant, which Horus Apollo says the ancient Egyptians produced as the food on which they lived before tne discovery of wheat, was not the Papyrus, as he imagines, but this plant, the Hnsete, which re- tired to its native Ethiopia upon a substitute being found better adapted to the climate of Egypt.” For all the above information we are mainly indebted to the labours of Bruce. In the previous notice of our Hnsete in the ‘ Kew Garden Mis- cellany,’ /. c., we remarked that, of the described species of JZusa, this has perhaps the nearest affinity with the Musa superba, Roxb. Coromand. Pl. v. 3. t. 323, and of our Bot. Mag. t. 3849 and 3850, a native of the southern peninsula of India; but be- sides the difference in the inflorescence, the seeds are quite of an- other form, size, and character: in WZ. superba the seeds are nu- merous, arranged in two rows in each of the three cells ; the plant is very different, for the trunk is quite conical, only three feet high, yet seven and a half feet in circumference close to the ground. Again, J. Hnsete in some respects approaches J. ylauca, Pl. Corom. v. 3. t. 300, a native of Pegu, but the stem and foliage do not correspond, and the latteris of a remarkably glaucous hue, as indicated by the specific name; whereas our plant has bright yellow-green foliage, and the costa deep purple- brown on the under side. The fruit of all three resemble each other in general form and size, and all are seed-bearing, scarcely pulpy, and uneatable. They produce no suckers from the root, like the true Bananas, consequently our dependence for the perpetuity of the species in our stoves must be on seed : and, fortunately, al- though our first flowering-plant yielded no seed, our second one has (while we are writing, December, 1860,) been found to ripen three fruits, and the seeds are quite perfect. Descr. The general aspect of our plant is quite that of our usual cultivated Bananas, with esculent fruits, but the height is much greater, and the stem much swollen at the base. In five years in one case, in another in three, of our flowering speci- mens, they have attained their full size, nearly forty feet to the summit of the foliage. We have measured the blades, seventeen to eighteen feet long; they are firm and rigid, not easily tearing transversely, and they are erecto-patent ; this position is perhaps due to the shortness of the contracted part of the petioles, all below that expands into the huge sheathing amplexicaul bases, an inch and a half thick and two feet broad, constituting the stem ; the latter is sensibly swollen below the middle, biggest at the base. From the centre of this great mass of foliage, and when this latter has attained its fullest dimensions, the spadix, termi- nating the internal scape, as above described, makes its ap- pearance, and gradually droops. It is four feet long, densely clothed, for two feet of its apex, with numerous, large, ovate, greenish-brown spathas (generally bearing drops of fiuid from the floral nectaries). The upper spathas have male flowers, the lower, females. ‘These in the young state are not easily distin- guishable, but by the former having a less perfect style and stigma. Lower down, upon the syadiz, all the spathas seem to include perfect or fertile flowers, so that when the spathas fall away, the swelling ovaries lie in spiral circles, densely compacted, green, oblong, quite sessile, two inches long. This ovary is white, in- ferior, three-celled (rarely four), filled with many ovules in two rows, and supports a perianth of two very unequal, white, mem- branaceous sepals, the outer and larger one strap-shaped, concave at the base, three-cleft at the apex, the inner one ovate, very con- cave, three-toothed, the central tooth prolonged into a subulate point, each, no doubt, as indicated by the divisions at the apex, formed of three pieces. Stamens six, erect, one small and abor- tive, the rest twice as large. Anther as long as the filaments, two-celled. Fruit two and a half to nearly four inches long, ob- longo-subpyriform, bearing from one to four large, black, glossy seeds, shaped as represented in our figure. Tas. 5223 represents an Abyssinian scene, with Hnsetes, on a very reduced scale. Tas. 5224. Fig. 1. One of the spathas of the spadix, with male flowers,— natural size. 2. Male flower, with its abortive ovary and imperfect style. 3. Perfect flower. 4. Section of an ovary. 5. Scarcely mature fruit. 6. The same, cut through transversely. 7. Mature fruit. 8. Back view of a seed. 9. Seed seen from the under side, with the hilum :—all natural size. 10. Seed, cut through transversely,—slightly magnified. Tas. 5225. PUYA WarsZEwIczil. Warszewicz’s Puya. Nat. Ord. BRoMELIACE®.—HEXANDRIA MonoaGynia. Gen. Char. (Vide supra, Tap. 4991.) Pura Warszewiczii; foliis 2-3-pedalibus -lato-lanceolatis anguste acuminatis striatis subundulatis inferne longe anguste attenuatis canaliculatis basi di- latatis amplexantibus supra basin solummodo retrorsum aculeatis, scapo inferne foliaceo dein in spicam oblongam terminante dense bracteato, brac- teis imbricatis rubro-sanguineis lanceolato-acuminatis flores albo-flavescentes superantibus, petalis lineari-spathulatis basi squama apice lacera intructa. Pura Warszewiczii. Wendland, in litt. This may be reckoned among the handsomest of the many handsome tropical Bromeliacee. Its leaves are peculiar, very long, and rather flaccid and undulated, singularly narrow and contracted and grooved towards the base, and there alone fur- nished for about the length of four inches at each margin with dark brown reflexed spinules. The contrast is striking between the yellowish-white and rather large flowers, and the deep blood- coloured, long, acuminated, and imbricated bracteas. We are | indebted to Mr. Wendland, of the Royal Gardens, Hanover, for the plant here figured, which flowered in our stove, August, 1860. We do not find it anywhere described, and adopt the name by which we received it. It yposed to be a native of Guatemala. mes Descr. Whole plant two to three feet high. Leaves radical, two to three feet long, from a broad amplexicaul base gradually narrowing, with involute margin, and there alone spiny with re- flexed black prickles, again expanding into a long lanceolate acu- minated. blade, nearly three inches in diameter in its widest part, subcoriaceous, striated, subundulate, quite entire, dark green, paler beneath. Scape shorter than the leaves, leafy below; the leaves gradually becoming éracteas upwards, and then bearing a large, oblong, densely bracteated spike. Bracteas of a deep rich JANUARY IsT, 1861. ae blood-colour, broad lanceolate, sharply acuminated, rigid. FYowers large, yellowish-white, scarcely exceeding the bracts. Calya of three equal, oblong-lanceolate, very acute sepals, united at their base. Peta/s spathulate, each with a large oval scale at the base, notched at its apex. Fig. 1. Flower,—slightly magnified. 2. Petal,—more magnified. r I206. Tas. 5226. TABERNAXMONTANA GRANDIFLORA. Large-flowered Tabernemontana. Nat. Ord. APocyNE&.—PENTANDRIA MOoNOGYNIA. Gen. Char. Calyx quinquepartitus, lobis basi intus glandula auctis, persistens. Corolla hypogyna, hypocraterimorpha, fauce nuda; Jimbi quinquepartiti laciniis obliquis. Stamina 3, medio corollz tubo inserta, inclusa; anthere sagittate, subsessiles. Stylus unus, filiformis ; stigma e basi dilatata bifidum. Sguamule hypogynz null. Folliculi 2, oblongi, v. subglobosi, carnosi, pulposi, divaricati v. adpressi, abortu szepe solitarii, demum fatiscentes. Semina plurima, intra pulpam cellulosam nidulantia, compressiuscula, angustata. Hméryo in axi albu- minis carnosi rectus ; cotyledonibus foliaceis ; radicula cylindrica, vaga.—Arbus- culze in America et Asia tropica indigene ; foliis oppositis; stipulis interpetiolaribus, infra adnatis, apice solutis ; cymis subdichotomis. Endl. TABERNEZMONTANA grandiflora ; ramulis dichotomis, foliis ovalibus v. elliptico- obovatis basi obtusis apice longe et acute cuspidatis glabris, pedunculis ter- minalibus bifurcatis paucifloris, foliis floralibus ovato-acutis sessilibus, lobis calycinis amplissimis ellipticis tribus interioribus angustioribus, tubo corolle calyce vix duplo longiore, lobis obovatis obtusissimis tubo brevioribus, fol- liculis ovoideo-acuminatis. Alph. De Cand. TABERNEZMONTANA grandiflora. Jacg. dmer.p. 40. f. 31. Lam. Illustr. t. 170. J. 2. Roem. et Schult. v. 4. p. 424. Spreng. Syst. Veget. v. 1. p. 640. De Cand. Prodr. v. 8. p. 368. bar A rare shrub in collections, we believe ; native of Carthagena, according to Jacquin, its discoverer and first describer, and of — Guiana, where it was found by Sir Robert Schomburgk. Our living plant was brought from Venezuela, by Mr. Birchill. It forms a small evergreen shrub about two to two and a half feet high, requires the heat of a stove, and then bears its rather copious yellow flowers, which have almost the colour of the yel- low Jessamine, but are much larger ; produced in September. — Derscr. A small glabrous s/rud, with dichotomous, terete branches, the elder ones clothed with thin, brown dark, the younger ones greenish. Leaves two to three inches long, oppo- site, often unequal, patent or reflexed, shortly petiolate, oblong- ovate or subovate, sharply almost pungently acuminate, obtuse JANUARY Ist, 1861. at the base, penniveined, pale beneath. Cyme pedunculate, few- flowered, subtrichotomously divided, the branches bracteated, and two, large, opposite, ovate, pale green dracts occupy the — base of the flower. Calyx of five deep lobes, two outer ones large and bracteiform, three inner ones smaller, all erect. Corolla large, hypocrateriform, yellow: fuse of the corolla two inches long ; Limé of five, large, oblique, spreading, oval, obtuse odes. Stamens included. Ovaries two, surrounded by a fleshy lobed disc. Styles united into one. Fruit a double follicle, reflexed, broad ovate, sharply acuminate, according to J acquin. Fig. 1. Tube of the corolla, laid open to show the stamens. 2. Ovaries and combined styles :—magnified. Ta B. 5227. COSMOS piversirouius; vat. atro-sanguineus. Various-leaved Cosmos ; deep blood-flowered var. Nat. Ord. Compostt=: SENECIONIDEH.—SYNGENESIA FRUSTRANEA. Gen. Char. Capitulum wultiflorum, radiatum, ligulis neutris. Involucrum du- plex, utrumque squamis 8-10 basi plus minus concretis apice acuminatis. Recep- taculum planum, paleaceum, paleis membranaceis in filum elongatum productis. Styl rami apice incrassati, hispidi, in conum subulatum producti. Anthere apice appendice scariosa cordata superate. Achenium tetragonum, exalatum, rostratum, et interdum stipitatum, aristis 2-4 retrorsum piloso-scabris deciduis coronatum.— Herbee Americane, annua, glabre, aut viz pilosule, elate, ramose. Folia (pin- nati- v.) bipinnatisecta, lobis linearibus lanceolatis sepius margine integerrimis. Capitula ad apices ramorum longe nudorum solitaria. Discus intense luteus. Ra- dius versicolor. De Cand. Cosmos diversifolius ; bi-tripedalis ramosus glaber, foliis longe petiolatis pinnatis, pinnis 5-7 foliorum superiorum lanceolatis inferioram rhombeo-ovatis in- — tegerrimis vel remote serratis, floribus longissime pedunculatis amplis, in- volucri duplici foliolis lanceolatis subreflexo-patentibus exterioribus patenti- subreflexis 8-10 herbaceis, interioribus totidem submembranaceis coloratis, flosculis radii ellipticis apice tridentatis involucro duplo longioribus, achenii aristis 2. Cosmos diversifolius (floribus lilacinis). Otto in Knowles and Westcott, Floral Cab. v. 2. p. 3. t. 47. Var. floribus atro-sanguineis. (Tas. NostR. 5227.) _ Seeds of this plant were received by Mr. Thompson, of Ips- wich, from Mexico. It is doubtless a handsome species of Cos- mos. ‘The question is if it can be safely referred to any described species. The genus is described as having bipinnate leaves (or “folia bipmunatisecta”). Our plant has its leaves simply pin- nate. ‘Two species are described and figured with foliage of this character, one the C. scabiosoides of H. B. K., and Lindley, in Bot. Reg. 24. t. 15, but that has. much smaller flowers, though nearly of the same colour as ours, and entire ligulate florets ; the other is the C. diversifolius of Otto in Knowles and Westcott, 7. c., whose flowers sufficiently correspond with ours except in colour. Unfortunately, in both cases, only upper por- tions of the plant (without root-leaves) are given, and the foliage — JANUARY Ist, 1861. there accords sufficiently well with ours. We prefer adopting Otto’s name, rather than encumber the system with new but doubtful species. Our plant is very luxuriant, owing probably to richness of soil. The peduncles are a foot and a half long ; the lower leaves are eight to nine inches long, with pinnze one and a half to two and a half inches, and an inch to an inch and a half broad. The colour of the flowers is a deep purple blood- colour, with a good deal the habit of a small single-flowered Dahlia. This plant is best preserved in a greenhouse in the winter, and turned into the open border in the summer. Fig. 1. Floret of the ray. 2. Floret of the disc. 3. Awn of the pappus :— magnified. Py J Ud. Tas. 5228. CENTRADENIA GranpIFo.Lia. Large-leaved Centradenia. Nat. Ord. MELASTOMACE®.—OCTANDRIA Monoeynia. Gen. Char. CENTRADENIA, Don. Flos 4-merus. Calyx subtetragonus, cam- panulatus, dentibus brevibus. Petala obovata, apice rotundata aut acuta. Sta- mina 8, alternatim inequalia ; antheris oblongo-ovoideis ovoideisve apice obtusis aut brevissime rostellatis, 1-porosis ; Joculis undulatis, 4 majorum connectivo infra loculos longe producto arcuato et ultra filamenti insertionem in appendicem bilobam, antice porrecto, 4 minorum multo minus producto et antice appendi- cula subglobosa subbilobave terminato. Ovarium 4-loculare, apice setulis styli basim cingentibus coronatum. Stylus filiformis, sigmoideus, stigmate puncti- formi interdumque nonnihil capitellato. Capsula calyce persistente, loculicide 4-valvis. Semina minuta, ovoidea.—Suffrutices fruticulive Mexicani et Guatema- lenses, monticole, erecti, ramosi; foliis petiolatis, lanceolatis, in eodem jugo ut- plurimum maxime disparibus, uno alterum nonnunquam decies et amplius superante ; floribus ad apices ramulorum plerumque ternis quinisve, interdum corymbos men- tientibus, roseis aut albis. Naudin. CENTRADENIA grandifolia ; frutex, ramis junioribus tetragonis angulis profunde alatis, foliis 6-uncialibus brevi-petiolatis ovato-lanceolatis acuminatis 3-5- nerviis integerrimis glaberrimis minute ciliatis subtus purpureis, calycis segmentis membranaceis appressis. CENTRADENIA grandifolia. Endl. Naud. in Hort. Linden. v. 1. p. 1. t. 4. Mo- nog. Melast. p. 77. PLAGIOPHYLLUM grandifolium. Schlecht. in Linnea, v. 13. p. 429. We owe the possession of this pretty Mexican Melastomaceous plant to Mr. Linden, of Brussels ; but we scarcely think it worthy, handsome as it is, to “rank as an ornamental plant with the Cyanophyllum and Medinilla.” It is probably rare in collections. Mr. Linden speaks of it as gathered at Chiconquiaco, in 1836, | by Dr. Schiede. Our only native specimen, and that a very in- different one, is from the same source, Dr. Schiede. ‘This, in- deed, differs slightly from our growing one, but by no means specifically. ‘The calyx-tube is pubescent in the native sample, not glabrous as in ours, while'the peduncles are more pubescent, and the wings of the branches appear to be far less developed ; but that appearance may be due to the drying and pressure. Fig. 1. Flower. 2. Stamens. 3. Calyx and pistil :—more or less magnified. FEBRUARY lst, 1861. “Vincent Brocks,Imp. W. Fit#h, del. et lith. Tas. 5229. TILLANDSIA puncHeE.ua. Delicate Tillandsia. Nat. Ord. Brometiacr®.—Hexanpria Monoeynia. Gen. Char. Perigonii liberi 6-partiti lacinie exteriores calycinz, eequales, basi cohzerentes, spiraliter convolutz, duo altius inter se connate, tertia minor, inte- riores petaloidez, inferne in tubulum convolute y. connatz, superne patentes, basi intus nude v., rarius squamose. Sfamina 6, hypogyna; filamenta linearia, alterna, seepius perigonii laciniis interioribus adherentia; anthere incumbentes, basi sagittato-emarginate. Ovarium liberum, triloculare. Ovula loculorum an- gulo centrali prope basin plura, biseriata, adscendentia, anatropa. Stylus fili- formis ; stigma trifidum, lobis abbreviatis v. filiformibus aut apice dilatatis, rectis v. contortis. Capsula cartilaginea, linearia v. ovata, trilocularis, loculicido-tri- valvis ; valvis endocarpio mox soluto duplicatis, explanatis v. tortis. Semina plurima, e basi dissepimentorum erecta, lineari-clavata, stipitata, stipite pilis papposis cincto, testa dura; chalaza terminali mamillari. Zmébryo in basi albu- minis farinosi rectus, extremitate radiculari infera—Herbe in America tropica et extratropica calidiore indigene, ut plurimum pseudoparasitice, lepidote ; cau- libus foliolis simplicibus v. rarius ramosis ; floribus spicatis v. paniculatis, rarius solitariis, bracteatis. Endl. TILLANDsIA pulchella; acaulis cespitosa, foliis subulatis canaliculatis incano- lepidotis, scapo solitario folia eequante floribusque squamis imbricatis ob- longis convolutis intense roseis tectis, calycis laciniis oblongis erectis albis basi unitis, corolle albee petalis spathulatis stamina superantibus, filamentis medium versus insigniter crispato-flexuosis. TILLaNnpDs1a pulchella. Hook. Exot. Flora, t.134. Reem. et Schult. Syst. Veget. v. 7. p. 1207. Pourretia Surinamensis. Hort. Amstelod. We received living specimens of this pretty epiphyte lately from the Amsterdam Botanic Garden, under the name of Powr- retia Surinamensis, but it is unquestionably our Til/andsig¢ pul- chella of the ‘ Exotic Flora,’ and which was sixteen years ago re- ceived from Trinidad, and flowered in the Botanic Gardens at Glasgow. It appears to be a common epiphyte in the West Indies, and probably in tropical South America, where many species of the genus abound, clothing the trunks of trees in the same way as the epiphytal orchideous plants. We have received many kinds at Kew, and, either attached to pieces of wood or FEBRUARY Ist, 1861. merely suspended to the rafters in a-warm and moist stove, they exhibit signs of life often for two or three years, but seldom longer, and they blossom very rarely. Many of them, we know, are ex- tremely ornamental; and it is hoped that our stoves may be yet permanently adorned with their flowering specimens. Derscr. Tufted, stemless. Zeaves four to six inches long, quite subulate, hoary with a minute scurfy pubescence, chan- nelled, especially towards the base. Scape, including the spike of flowers, about as long as the leaves, almost entirely concealed with the beautiful, delicate, red, imbricated and sheathing drac- teas. Calyx greenish-white. Petals quite white. Filaments of the stamens singularly undulato-crispate above the base. Fig. 1. Flower, with its bractea. 2. Flower apart from the bractea. 3. Petal and two stamens. 4. Pistil :—magnified. Vincent Brooks,mp Tas. 5230. PENTAGONIA WenpDLANDI. Wendland’s Pentagonia. Nat. Ord. RupracE#.—PENTANDRIA MOoNOGYNIA. Gen. Char. Pantaconta, Benth. Calycis tubo turbinato vel tubuloso, cum ovario connato ; limi 5—-6-fidi lobis persistentibus. Corolla supera, infundibu- liformis vel tubulosa ¢uwdo tereti, limbo calycem longiore, extus glabro v. pilo- siusculo, intus tomentoso vel pubescente ; /imbi 5- vel 6-fidi laciniis ovatis acutis, zestivatione valvatis. Stamina 5-6, infra medium tubi inserta, inclusa ; /ilamenta filiformia; anthere lineares. Discus epigynus, cupuleformis. Ovarium inferum, biloculare. Ovula plurima. Bacca ovata, calycis limbo coronata, corticata, pul- posa.—Arbuscule Americe tropice, inermes, robuste ; ramis ramulisgue crassis, obtuse tetragonis ; foliis oppositis, petiolatis ; petiolis nudis, alatis v. auriculatis, in- tegerrimis v. pinnatifidis, supra glabris subtus sepe pubescentibus, stipulis uéringue solitariis, lanceolatis, acuminatis ; floribus bracteatis, corymbis axillaribus, brevis- sime pedunculatis, multifloris, confertis; calycibus corollisgue coloratis v. viridibus. Seem. in Bot. of H.M.S. Herald. Pentacontra Wendlandi ; foliis brevissime petiolatis coriaceis obovato-lanceolatis acutiusculis basi rotundatis petiolatis crassis nudis, stipulis e lata basi ovatis anguste acuminatis, squamis glanduligeris 5 intus ad basin calycis tubi, ovario fimbriato, corolla tubuloso-suburceolata, staminum filamentis flexuosis inferne incrassatis pilosis. PENTAGONIA macrophylla. Wend. in Hort. Herenh. (non Benth.) This fine plant was sent to us at Kew by Mr. Wendland, under the name of Pentagonia macrophylla of Mr. Bentham, the author of the genus Pentagonia in his ‘ Botany of the Voyage of H.M.S. Sulphur,’ p. 105. t. 39. That species (native of Pa- nama) has a rather long slender petiole to the leaf, and the base of the leaf is acute and somewhat decurrent upon the petiole ; the glandular scales are situated at the summit of the tube of the calyx, and the corolla is hypocrateriform. Dr. Seemann, du- ring the voyage of H.M.S. Herald, added two more species to the genus, one he published in the Lond. Journ. of Bot. vol. ix. p. 566. t. 17 and 18, under the name of P. pinnatifida, remark- able for its pinnatifid leaves and the very large auricles at the base of the petioles; and the P. 7inagita, Seem. in Bot. of the Voy. J. c. p. 184. t. 28. This also has pinnatifid leaves, and FEBRUARY Ist, 1861. these so decurrent as to form a winged petiole ; and if the figure is correct, the tube of the calyx is altogether destitute of glands within. ‘The first species inhabits Palm-forests, in the province of Panama; the second is found in the territory of Darien, and the third in the province of Veraguas. Our present plant is so different from all those, that I have no hesitation in considering it a new species, brought home by Mr. Wendland from his botanical and royal mission from the King of Hanover to Central America; but from what particular province I have at present no means of knowing. With the accompanying figure, and the generic character above given, together with the differences here pointed out for distinguishing this from other species, any description is super- fluous. Even a young plant, as ours is, makes a fine appearance with its dark-green and ample foliage: some of the leaves being a foot and a half long. The flowers are inconspicuous in com- parison with the noble foliage: these flowers are produced in clusters from the axils of the upper leaves. Fig. 1. Flower, with its pair of bracteas. 2. Calyx (with pistil), laid open and showing the glandular scales at the base of the tube. 3. Corolla, laid open, show- ing the stamens :—magnified. : .— a. W Bitch del. Lith at Fincerc, Brooks Exp. Tas. 5231. CHENOPODIUM purpurascENs. Purple Goosefoot. Nat. Ord. CHENOPODIACEZ.—PENTANDRIA DiGynIa. Gen. Char. Flores hermaphroditi, raro abortu foeminei, ebracteati. Calya 5- fidus vel 5-partitus (interdum abortu 4- aut 3-partitus); aciniis concavis, seepius longitrorsum carinatis, vel subcristato-carinatis, nunquam appendiculatis. Stamina 5, rarissime pauciora, imo calyce inserta. Filamenta filiformia. Anthere ovate. Staminodia et nectarium nulla. Ovarium depresso-globosum. Styli 2 rarius 3 inferne coaliti, interdum liberi, subulati. Stigmata superficies interna stylo- rum. Fructus (utriculus) depressus, calyce clauso subgloboso aut subpentagono involutus ; pericarpio distincto (raro semini adhzrente), membranaceo, tenuissimo. Semen horizontale, lenticulare ; testa crustacea, fragili. Albumen centrale, copio- sum, farinaceum. Embryo perfecte aut imperfecte annularis, periphericus ; radicula subcentrifuga.—Herbe, rarissime suffrutices, in temperatis utriusque hemispherit indigene, pulvere farinoso consperse vel pubescenti-glandulose. Folia alterna, petiolata, raro sessilia, subtriangulari-rhomboidea, rarius ovata v. hastata, inte- gerrima, dentata, aut pinnatifido-sinuata. Flores minuti, glomerulati, spicatim paniculati ; spicis axillaribus et terminalibus ; glomerulis raro axillaribus, haud spicatis. Mog. in De Cand. . _CHENOPODIUM purpurascens ; caule herbaceo erecto angulato ramoso, foliis tenuiter longeque petiolatis subpatulis rhombeo-ovatis obtusissimis mucro- nulatis tenuibus subpulverulentis obscure viridibus, demum purpureis, infe- rioribus auriculatis sinuato-dentatis, superioribus lanceolatis integerrimis, racemis compactis aphyllis, calyce fructifero perfecte clauso carinato-costu- lato, semine margine obtusissimo levi haud nitido (albo). Moguin. CHENOPODIUM purpurascens. Jacg. Hort. Vind. v. 3. p. 43. t. 80 (non Hamilt.). Moquin in De Cand. Prodr. v. 13. pars 2. p. 66. : CHENopopivm Atriplicis. Linn. fil. Suppl. p. 171. B. lanceolatum ; pauce farinosum, foliis omnibus sublanceolatis, Moguin, 1. c. y. punctulatum ; valde farinosum albo-punctatum, foliis rhombeo-ovatis vel lan- ceolatis. Moguin, /. e. CuENnopopiuM punctulatum. Scop. Del. Insubr. v. 1. p. 25. t. 11. _~~ CHENOPODIUM leucospermum. Schrad. Ind. Sem. Hort. Get. 1834, p. 2. The several species of Chenopodium, or Goosefoot, are reckoned among the most weedy of plants, inhabiting roadsides and dung- hills, with little to recommend them to notice by their beauty or economical usefulness, and few indeed are thought worthy of FEBRUARY Ist, 1861. cultivation. One sort, Ch. Bonus-Henricus, or Good King Henry, boiled, is a good substitute for spinach, and in some gardens is cultivated for the purpose. It is less generally known that its seeds are made use of in the manufacture of a substance formerly much in demand, shagreen. Another kind, the Cheno- podium Quinoa, we have already figured in this Magazine, Tab. 3641, on account of the extensive use made of its seeds in Chili as an article of food, well known by the native name of “Quinoa.” We now wish to recommend the present species as a hardy an- nual, well worthy of a place in any flower-border, on account of the fine red-purple colour of its stem, its inflorescence, and the variegated (green and purple) of the floral leaves. Our drawing was made in the very wet autumn of the past year, 1860, when the leaves did not attain the richness of colour which distin- guishes them in more favourable seasons. Its nearest ally is the Ch. Quinoa above mentioned, which, as may be seen by our figure of it, has a very dense terminal panicle, of flowers, by no means collected into separate glome- rules as in the species before us. This attains a height of three to four feet, and flowers in the summer and autumn months. Both of these species have white seeds; and the foliage of both is said to vary in colour: the Quinoa, usually green, is some- times purple or red, and Ch. purpurascens, of which the normal state is considered to be red-purple, is of a uniform green under some circumstances. Fig. 1. Base of a stem with its leaf,—wmat. size. 2. Flower. 3. Pistil:— magnified. eeitia a ae W Pitch del et tte. Tas. 5232, CUPHEA JorvuLuENsis. Jorulla Cuphea. Nat. Ord. LytHrRarIE®Z.—DopEcANDRIA MoNoGYNIA. Gen. Char. Calyx tubulosus, basi superiore gibbus, Jiméo ampliatus, dentibus 6 erectis, sinubus 6 nunc productis parvis, nune obsoletis. Petala 6-7, ineequalia. Stamina 11-14, rarius 6-7, fauci calycis inserta, inequalia. Glandula crassa sub ovario. Stylus filiformis. Stigma simplex aut subbifidum. Capsula membra- nacea, calyce obtecta, 1—-2-locularis, demum bifidum, per placentam deflexam simul cum calyce fissa. Semina suborbiculata, compressa, aptera.—Herbe aut suffru- tices. Folia opposita, rarius verticillata, integerrima. Pedunculi interpetiolares, unt- aut rarius multiflori. Flores sepius cernui. Calyces colorati. Petala vio- lacea aut alba. CupHea (§ Longiflore) Jorullensis ; suffruticosa, foliis lanceolatis scabris in peti- olum breviusculum attenuatis, racemis foliosis in apice ramorum vel ramu- lorum, floribus subsecundis cernuis apetalis, calycibus magnis tubuloso- ventricosis striatis glanduloso-pilosis basi superne gibboso-calcarata, ore paululum dilatato 5-dentato longe piloso-glanduloso, dentium sinubus glan- dula viridi, filamentis valde inzequalibus styloque longe exsertis. Cupuea Jorullensis. H. B. K. Nov. Gen. Am. v. 6. p. 164. De Cand. Prodr. p. 84. Cupnea eminens. Planch. et Lind. Fl. des Serres. Revue Hortic. 1857, p. 151 (reduced woodcut figure). Certainly the finest of all the known species of the numerous genus of Cuphea, with singularly large coloured calyces, for there are no petals; now well known in our gardens as a hardy green- house plant, and thriving in the summer in the open border, under the name of C. eminens, by which appellation it was sent from the extensive horticultural establishment of Mr. Linden ; but it is assuredly the C. Jorudlensis—a much older name—of Humboldt, native of Mexico (first detected, as its name implies, on the volcanic mountain of Jorullo). We have fine specimens in our herbarium from Mr. Bates, and Mr. Linden received it from M. Ghiesbrecht. It is nearly allied to the Cuphea Melvilla of Dr. Lindley in Bot. Reg. t. 852, of which I have copious native ’ specimens from Brazil and British Guiana; but that has much broader leaves, flowers in leafless racemes, a calyx destitute of glands, and where the calyx in our plant is yellow that is green. FEBRUARY Ist, 1861. Descr. A somewhat shrubby perennial, one and a half to two feet high, a good deal branched, dranches often red-purple. Leaves opposite, three to five inches long, exactly lanceolate, entire, pen- ninerved, rough to the touch on both sides, tapering below into a short footstalk. In vigorous plants the terminal branch be- comes a long leafy raceme of numerous, axillary, drooping, large, apetalous, subsecund flowers ; but copious lesser branches often develope themselves, and bear a few nearly terminal flowers, as represented in the figure given in the ‘ Revue Horticole,’ the upper part of the plant then forming a racemose panicle. Calya full an inch and a half long in some of our cultivated specimens, striated, glanduloso-pilose, tubular towards the base, and there, above, bearing a short, very obtuse spur, orange-red, but gradu- ally passing into yellow towards the mouth ; this latter is a little expanded, five-toothed, with a green gland in the sinuses, and a fringe of long hairs, each tipped with a gland. Filaments very unequal in length, exserted ; azthers small. Pistil subovate, with a large flat g/and at the base (corresponding with the spur), and a horse-shoe gland at the base. of the style, which latter is also exserted ; stigma obtuse, bifid. Fig. 1. Lower leaf,—natural size. 2. Flower. 3. Pistil :—magnified. F2I3 | Tas. 5233. CALOPETALON RINGENS. Ringent Calopetalon. Nat. Ord. PrrrosPORACEH.—PENTANDRIA MOoNoGYNIA. Gen. Char. CALOPETALON, J. Drum. Calyx pentaphyllus, equalis. Petala 5 (nunc 6-7), hypogyna, spathulata, unguibus curvatis in corollam subringentem conniventibus. Stamina 5, unguibus petalorum longiora ; filamenta applanata, spathulata, apice acuminato-filiformia; anthere oblonge, introrse, biloculares, dorso prope basin affix, longitudinaliter dehiscentes. Ovarium breve stipitatum, tri-(bi-)loculare, Jocwlis multiovulatis. Stylus filiformis ; stigma simplex. Cap- sula . . .2—Sulfrutex, habitu Marianthum referens; floribus ¢erminalibus, con- estis, aureo-sanquineis, speciosis. Harvey. > > CALOPETALON ringens. J. Drum. in Haro. New Gen. of W. Australian Plants, in Hook. Kew Gard. Misc. v.17. p. 58. Walpers, Ann. Bot. Syst. v. 4. p. 242, * The remarkable structure of the filaments of the stamens of this plant is perhaps the chief ground for constituting a new genus of it. Our cultivated flowering samples at Kew did not exhibit any specially ringent character in the corolla, nor were the ovaries three-celled. It is one of Mr. James Drummond's discoveries in south-western Australia, and is a pretty greenhouse climber ; but the flowers, though golden-red, have not the brilliancy ne- cessary to render them showy. It flowered for the first time with us in November, 1860, having been reared from seeds sent by Mr. Burges from Swan River. At a more favourable season of the year the colour may be more vivid. Descr. A branching and twining climber, with slender stems, and distant, alternate, oblong-ovate, shortly acuminate, penni- veined, quite entire /eaves, three to four inches long, acute at their base. Pefiole about two inches long. Peduncle terminal (in fact the continuation of a branch), bearing a many-flowered corymb, with small bracteas on the pedicels. Calyx of five, ovate, acute, small, green sepals. Corolla of five golden-red pe- tals, with broad, erect claws, placed so close and so erect as to form a tube, while the Jamine, which are ovate and very acute, FEBRUARY Ist, 1861. are spreading, so.as to constitute a Jimd. Stamens four. Fila- ments as long as the claws, broad, spathulate, with an elevated central line on each face, terminating in a sudden contraction, so that the yellow anther is borne on the filiform apex. Ovary oblong, on a thick gland or stipes, two-celled, with many ovules in two rows in each cell. Style filiform. Stigma obtuse. Fig. 1. Flower. 2. Stamens, including the pistil. 38. Stamen, seen from its inner face. 4. Pistil. 5. Transverse section of the ovary :—magnified. Tas. 5234, PUYA GRANDIFLORA. Large-flowered Puya. Nat. Ord. BromeLiace®.—HeExanprRIA MoNnoGyYNIA. Gen. Char: (Vide supra, Tas. 4991.) Pura grandiflora ; caule subelongato robusto cicatricato, foliis numerosissimis € lata basi lingulato-subulatis coriaceo-firmis canaliculatis supra viridibus sub-. tus canescentibus marginibus grosse atro-spinosis, spinis subulatis, carina etiam spinosa, pedunculo elato, panicula elongata pluriflora laxa, ramis ca- lycibus bracteisque extus dense ferrugineojpannosis, petalis basi intus bi- squamatis albo-virescentibus 4—5-uncialibus sepalisque falcato-decurvis. This is certainly among the most striking among Bromeli- aceous plants. We received it many years ago, at the Royal Gardens, from Real del Monte, in Mexico. The height of the flowering plant is little short of twelve feet. In some respects it agrees with the description of Piteairnia ferruginea, a Pe- ruvian plant of Ruiz and Pavon, especially in the character “floribus falcato-recurvis,” and in the “ pedicellis calycibusque - ferrugineo-tomentosis ;” but the petals are there purplish and scaleless, and the flowers only two to three inches long. Still, I take it the two plants must be nearly allied; yet it is very difficult to define satisfactorily Bromeliaceous plants without the aid of figures. Descr. Stem as thick as a man’s leg, 2-3 feet long, rough from the remains of the bases of former years’ leaves, simple or branched. eaves very numerous, terminal on the stem: or branch, two to three feet long, recurved, from a broad base, ligulato-subulate, very much and finely acuminate, hard-cori- aceous, dark-green above, whitish and hoary beneath, chan- nelled, the margin beset with large, hard, subulate, subfalcate, black, very pungent spines. Keel beset with whitish spines. Peduncle or scape five to six feet long, stout in proportion, bracteated with subulate leaf-like dracts. Panicle longer than MARCH Ist, 1861. the scape, ovate in circumscription ; the rachis, branches, pe- dicels, calyx, and large, ovate bracteas, densely clothed with — thick, rusty-coloured tomentum. Pedicels much longer than the bracts. Flowers, in bud, almost subulate, curved down- wards, resembling the beak of a bird; when arrived at full matu- rity, five and rather more inches long. Sepals two to two and a half inches long, lanceolate, acuminate, and, as well as the oblong-linear, obtuse, greenish-white petals, erecto-patent, all de- curved. ‘There are two large scales at the base of the petals. Stamens shorter than the corolla, lodged in the upper canalicu- late petal. Ovary oblong, obtusely trigonal, free. Style longer than the stamens. Stigmas three, spirally twisted. Fig. 1. Much reduced figure of Puya grandiflora. 2. Petal, with its scales at the base. 3. Pistil:—watural size. Vincent: Brooks Imp Tas. 5235. JECHMEA Metinonu. Copious-flowered Aichmea. Nat. Ord. BRoMELIACEZ.—HEXANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Gen. Char. (Vide supra, Tas. 4293.) AicuMEA Melinonii ; foliis ligulatis depresso-striatis unicoloribus viridibus (efas- ciatis) marginibus spinuloso-dentatis apice spinoso-mucronatis, _bracteis inferioribus lanceolato-acuminatis membranaceis marcescentibus, floribus subsessilibus in paniculam densam ovatam multifloram congestis, bracteolis caducis, calycibus ovario adherentibus oblongo-cylindraceis, lobis. pallidiori- bus brevi-mucronatis, petalis calyce brevioribus roseis. Alcumea Melinonii. Hort. Makoy. * American _Zchmea, received from Mr. Makoy, in 1857, u the appellation we have here adopted, but the origin of the specific name we do not know. _ It will be seen to be nearly allied to our #ehmea discolor, figured at Tab. 4293 of this work, differing however from it in several essential points. ‘The leaves are here quite uniform in colour. The thyrsus is more densely crowded with flowers. The ovary is much more elongated, the lobes of the calyx are clearly mu- cronated, and the scales of the petals are more deeply fringed at the apex. Although the present is a very handsome species, and the flowers much more numerous, it lacks the rich coral-red of the rachis and calycine tubes of #. discolor, and the fine contrast occasioned by the black-purple tips to the flowers, which led us to compare the unexpanded buds of that species to the well- known beads called “ crads’ eyes,” the seeds of Abrus precato- rius. Descr. Leaves all radical, one to two feet long, ligulate, firm- coriaceous, dark-green, striated and somewhat furrowed at the strie, the margin spinuloso-serrate, the apex spinoso-mucronate, the base, as is usual in the genus, dilated and convoluted almost into a tube. Scape a foot high, dirty-brown. Vowers nume- rous, sessile or subpedicellate, arranged in a dense, thyrsoid pa- MARCH lst, 1861. We here figure another nicle, bearing a few, large, lanceolate, acuminate, marcescent, brownish bracts at the base; dracteoles very caducous ; rachis and branches stout, dark-purple. Ca/ya half an inch to three- quarters of an inch long, cylindrical or subclavate; the ude, whieh is adnate with ovary, scarlet ; the md of three, oval, pink- coloured lobes, each distinctly mucronate and very concave. Pe- tals obovato-spathulate, obtuse, concave, pink: at the base of the petals within are two white, oblong, membranaceous scales, fringed at the apex. Stamens six ; filaments dilated upwards : anthers oblong, submucronate. Sty/e filiform, shorter than the corolla: séagma small, trifid. Fig. 1. Thyrsus and portion of a leaf,—zatural size. 2. Flower. 3. Petals, with their two scales and two stamens. 4. Calyx, laid open, showing the style : —more or less magnified. ISO, W Hitch delet ith t Brooks, Imp: Vine Tas. 5236, COLEUS InFr.LaTuws. Inflated Coleus. Nat. Ord. LABIAT#.—DIDYNAMIA GYMNOSPERMIA. Gen. Char. Calyx ovato-campanulatus, fructifer, declinatus vel reflexus, rarius suberectus, fauce intus nuda vel hispida, quinquedentatus vel bilabiatus, dente supremo ovato-membranaceo, marginibus rarius decurrentibus, inferioribus angus- tioribus, omnibus acutis vel lateralibus ovato-truncatis, 2 infimis inter se connatis. Corolla tubo exserto declinato, decurvo vel seepius defracto, fauce inflata vel eequali, limbo bilabiato, adio superiore abbreviato obtuse 3—4-fido, inferiore inte- gro elongato concavo, sepius cymbiformi genitalia involvente. Stamina4. Fila- menta edentula, basi in tubum stylum vaginantem confiexa. Stylus apice subu- latus, eequaliter bifidus. Mucule subrotunde, compresse, leeves.—Herbee annue vel basi perennantes, rarius frutices. Verticillastri 6-flori vel sepius multiflori, nunc densissimi, nunc laxi, cymbiformes, pedunculo communi utriusque cyme ramis- que utringue binis plus minusve elongatis. Folia floralia bracteaformia, ante an- thesin ad apicem racemorum plus minusve comosa, per anthesin decidua vel rarius subpersistentia, refleca.—Species plereque Asiatice, perpauce Africanee. Benth. Cotgus (§ Longiflori) inflata; glaler vel ad venas foliorum tenuiter pubescens, foliis petiolatis amplis ovatis acuminatis dentatis basi longe angustatis, flora- libus deciduis, racemis subramosis, verticillastris irregulariter cymzformibus, pedunculo communi utrinque subnullo, ramis alternis vel omnibus elongatis, pedicellis abbreviatis. Benth. Couzus inflatus. Benth. Labiat. p. 58, e¢ in De Cand.. Prodr. v. 12. p. 19. Plants of this were raised at Kew from seeds sent to us by Mr. Thwaites from Ceylon, where only it is a native. It was originally detected there by Mr. Macrae and Mrs. General Walker. It is possessed of little beauty or attraction, but flow- ering, as it has hitherto done with us, in December, its delicate spikes of lilac flowers help to enliven the plant-houses at that dreary season. Forty species of this Labiate genus are enume- rated by Mr. Bentham, the majority of them inhabiting eastern India. ‘ : Dzscr. Our plants of this attain a height of nearly three feet, with square stem and branches; the base of the stem scarcely woody, often tinged with orange-colour and spotted with red, the rest green. Leaves upon long petioles, and, including the MARCH Ist, 1861. petioles, a span or more long, in distant, opposite pairs, ovate, sharply acuminated, very coarsely serrated, penniveined, and re- ticulated. Spike of flowers compound, subracemose ; bracteal leaves very small. Calyx at first small, two-lipped, upper lip erect, large, lateral and inferior teeth small: the calyx in fruit becomes inflated, whence the specific name. Corolla with the long, slender ¢wée singularly bent at an angle; the /imé two- lipped, spread open like the mouth of a snake. Ovary four- lobed, set upon a large fleshy gland, with a blunt spur-like pro- jection on one side. Fig. 1. Flower. 2. Calyx and pistil. 3. Mouth of the corolla. 4. Ovary and its fleshy receptacle :—all more or less magnified. lll ie Vincent, Brooks, bop =. Tan. 5237; IMPATIENS Wa txenrt. Red-flowered Balsam. Nat. Ord. BALSAMINEZ.—PENTANDRIA Monoeynia. Gen. Char. (Vide supra, TaB. 4615.) © Impatiens Walkeri ; erecta glabra subramosa, foliis longe petiolatis oblongo- lanceolatis basi apiceque attenuatis sérratis, serraturis setigeris, petiolis eglan- dulosis, pedunculis versus caulis apicem axillaribus folia subeequantibus apice racemoso-plurifloris, racemo subcorymbiformi, bracteis persistentibus, pedicellis gracilibus elongatis erectis, sepalis lateralibus deltoideo-ovatis, an- teriore adscendente ventricoso-infundibuliformi in calcar conico-subulatum incurvum subito attenuato ore contracto cum calcare petalis profunde bilo- bis subtriplo longiore, capsula glabra utrinque attenuata. Impatiens Walkeri, Hook. in Arn. New Sp. a n Balsams, in Hook. Comp. to Bot. Mag.v. 1. p. 234, t. 18. Walp. R Bot. v. 1. p. 471. Thwaites, Enum. Pi. Zeyl. p. 66. This beautiful Balsam, of which no figure has yet been given, save that above quoted, and taken from a dried specimen, was first detected by General Walker, after whom we had named it, between Rambodde and Neuri-Ellia, Ceylon ; and it has since been found by Mr. Thwaites in the Central Province of the same island. We owe the possession of it in the stove of Kew to the last-mentioned gentleman, who favoured us with seeds; and plants raised from them produced copious flowers in the winter months. Its nearest affinity is perhaps with the / /erdonia, figured in our Tab. 4739. é Descr. The stem is simple or but little branched, one foot or a foot and a half high, erect, succulent, deep-purple. Leaves . between three and four inches long, petioled, scattered, ovate or _ ovato-lanceolate, acuminate, deep-green, penninerved, tapering at the base, the margins serrated and tipped with a soft green bristle ; those sete near the base of the leaf tipped with a gland. Peduncles from axils of the terminal petioles, erect, corymboso- paniculate; pedicels long, slender, filiform, bearing subula bracts at their base. Flowers from an inch and a quarter to an ~ MARCH Ist, 1861. inch and a half long, scarlet, except two small green outer sepals : the anterior sepal gives the peculiar form to this singular flower, and is somewhat pitcher-shaped, elongated, contracted below the mouth, attenuated at the other extremity into a conical, subulate, - Incurved spur. Fig. 1. Side view; and 2, front view of a flower :—magnified. 99 Wy %5' W Fitch del Pirten, delet fith ia Fas. 5238. POLYGONUM Curnenss; /oliis pictis. Chinese Buck-wheat ; painted-leaved. Nat. Ord, PoLyconace#,—Octanpria TRIGYNIA. Gen. Char. (Vide supra, Tas. 4622.) PotyGonum ({ Cephalophilon) Chinense ; caule erecto (vel decumbente) ramoso, foliis ovatis oblongisve, auriculis foliaceis ad basin petioli reniformibus deciduis, corymbo simplici vel paniculato, pedunculis piloso- vel glanduloso- scabriusculis dichotomis trifidisve, bracteis foliaceis cordatis suffultis, flori- bus 5-fidis octandris hemitrigynis, achenio triquetro. Meisn. Potyaconum Chinense. Linn. Sp. Pi. p. 520. Willd. Sp. Pl. v. 2. p. 453. Roxb. Fl. Ind. v. 2. p. 283. Hook. et Arn. Bot. of Beech. Voy. pp. 208, 269. Wight, Ic. Pl. Ind. Or. v. 5. t. 1806. Babingt. vin Linn. Trans. v. 18. p. 109. Meisn.in Wall. Pl. Asiat. Rar. v. 3. p. 60, et in De Cand. Prodr. v. 14. pars 1. p. 130. : AmprLyGonum Chinense. Lindl. in Bot. Reg. 1828 ; Misc. p. 113. Polygonum, brachiatum, Poir., P. corymbosum, Willd., P. auriculatum, Meisn., and P. cymosum, Rowd., are all referred hither by Meisner ; as well as certain synonyms which he brings under some of his following varieties :—a. Thun- bergianum.—C. densiflorum, B/.—f. scabrum.—y. ovalifolium. Coccoloba Indica, Hb. Wight.—8. brachiatum. P. patens, Don. P. asperum, B/.— e. intermedium.—€. subhastatum.—y. corymbosum. Var. pictum ; foliis variegatis. (Tas. Nostr. 5238.) A native of China and Japan, as well as of almost all parts of the East Indies, and, like many other plants that are of extensive geographical distribution, this exhibits considerable variations in the form and size of the leaf, and with inflorescence sometimes in simple, soretimes in panicled heads, or corymbs. ‘The ordi- nary state of the plant, which was introduced to the Royal Gardens of Kew, by Sir George Staunton, Bart., in 1795, as a “hardy annual,” is perhaps too much like our native Buck- wheat, to be valued in our gardens. But we have lately come into possession of a state with variegated leaves, which is really worthy of cultivation as a greenhouse plant, for, in the open air, it can only be treated as annual. Some leaves are purple on the same stem with the green ones: and both are marked with broad, white lines, taking the shape of the letter V, margined MARCH Ist, 1861. in the inside with a dark line of deep purple or blackish- een. etThis species moreover possesses the valuable property in India, of yielding a colouring matter of fine quality resembling Indigo, a property, however, which it has in common with Polygonum tinctorium, now “‘ extensively cultivated in Belgium as a domestic substitute for the tropical indigo,” and said to produce the dye in the greatest abundance, and of the finest quality. It will be seen by our figure 3, that the ovary is sunk in a cavity of the thick fleshy tube of the calyx. As this ovary ad- vances to maturity, the calyx closes over it, and forms a part of the fruit with its fleshy covering, so that Dr. Wight and others had referred the species to the genus Coccoloba. Dr. Lindley made it the type of a new genus Ampelygonum, but it is not generally adopted. — Fig. 1. Portion of the stem, and leaf, showing the ochrea and stipules,— natural size. 2. Flower,—magnified. 3. Vertical section of a flower,—more mag- nified. 1 A \h we 5, aN * QW: WY Sia s Ss wt Vincent Brooks, imp. Tas. 5239. GUSTAVIA prerocarpa. Wing-fruited Gustavia. Nat. Ord. Myrtacem: 7r. Barringtoniee.—MonaDELPHIA POLYANDRIA. Gen. Char. (Vide supra, Tas. 5069.) Gustavia pterocarpa ; floribus hexapetalis albis, calycis subalte 5-6-lobo, lobis limbo rotundatis pedunculoque pubescentibus, ovario pentaptero, foliis co- riaceis longo-petiolatis obovato-lanceolatis acuminatis obsoletissime crenatis, stylo elongato. Gustavia pterocarpa. Poiteau, Mém. du Mus. v. 13. p. 158. ¢. 13. De Cand. Prodr, v. 2. p. 290. Gustavia Leopoldi. Cat. Hort. Lind. (name only). Among the most desirable of tropical American plants for in- troduction to our stoves are assuredly the large-flowered, large- foliaged, and evergreen trees and shrubs almost peculiar to those regions, among which the several species of the genus Gustavia, ZL. (Pirigara, Awbl.), rank pre-eminent. Mr. Linden, the distin- guished horticulturist and botanical traveller (recently, we be- lieve, attached to the Société Impériale Zoologique d’Acclima- tation of Paris), has had the honour of importing two species, both of which have already flowered in our stoves at Kew. One we have already figured at our Tab. 5069, the Gustavia insignis of Linden (but which a further examination leads me to believe is identical with Gustavia urceolata, Poit., Bois puant of French Guiana, differing only in the slightly greater development of the calyx), and the almost equally beautiful species now before us. This, though named by Linden in his Catalogue G. Leopold, is assuredly the G. pterocarpa of Poiteau, in his Mémoire sur les Lécythidées, published in the thirteenth volume of the “ Mé- moires du Muséum d’Histoire Naturelle,” p. 158, and figured at plate 6, from specimens in their native locality on the banks of the river Mana, French Guiana; afterwards found in a dis- APRIL Ist, 1861. trict called Rowra. This figure perfectly accords with our plant. The winged ovary, or fruit, is alone sufficiently characteristic of the species. » Besides the winged ovary, this differs from G. insignis (or, as I believe, G. urceolata) by the smaller and more coriacous,’ nearly quite entire foliage, the smaller and white flowers, and the comparatively large calycine lobes. Both have fragrant flowers, and both yield a fetid odour on cutting into the wood. G. urceolata 1s common in savannahs and in the forests of French Guiana, and is said to attain a height of forty feet: its wood much used for hoops for casks. G. pterocarpa, M. Poi- teau says, attains a still larger size. Fig. 1. Leaf,—natural size. 2. Portion of the stamens. 3. Winged calyx and pistil :—magnified. Vincent Brooks, imp. W. Fitch, del et lith. Tas. 5240. DROSERA spaTHULATA. Spathulate Sundew. Nat. Ord. Dros—eRaAcE®.—PENTANDRIA TRI-(PENTA-)GYNIA. ‘Gen. Char. Calyx 4—8-partitus. Petala 4-8, marcescentia. Stamina 4-8, hypogyna v. leviter perigyna, antheris basifixis immobilibus, connectivo sepius conspicuo. Ovarium 1-loculare, 2-5-merum ; ovulis pluribus v. paucis, secus margines (haud introflexos) carpellorum acervatim v. seepius conferte pluriseriatim affixis, infimis pendulis, supremis seepius ascendentibus, intermediis peritropis. Styli 8-5, ima basi semper coherentes, placentis alterni, simplices v. seepius ad basim bipartiti, cruribus integris varie lobulato- v. inciso- v. flabellato- v. penicil- lato-divisis, divisuris undique v. tantum apice clavato- v. capitato-stigmaticis. Capsula calyce marcescente stipata, 3-5-valvis ; valvis medio seminiferis (singulee e dimidia parte carpelloram duorum adjacentium constantes) ; placentis \ineari- oblongis v. orbicularibus v. obsoletis ; substantia pericarpii nunc uniformiter char- tacea, nunc inferne membranacea, superne conspicue et abrupte crassiore.— Herbze perennes, cosmopolitane, in regionibus tropicalibus rare, extra Capricornum imprimis in Australia frequentiores, visque formas mirificas induentes ; foliis super (D. Arcturi excepto) vernatione circinatis, pilis glanduliferis ornatis. Planch. Drosgra (§ Ros-Solis) spathulata; foliis omnibus radicalibus spathulatis, in petiolum limbo breviorem sensim angustatis, supra breviter glanduloso-pili- feris, subtus sparse villosiusculis, ciliis marginalibus longis, stipulis in unam trifidam, laciniis trifidis concretis, scapis ascendentibus glanduloso- puberulis v. glabrescentibus 5-20-floris, pedicellis fructiferis secundis ap- proximatis calyce brevioribus, laciniis calycinis subspathulatis obtusiusculis y. acutis, dorso puberulis, stylis 3 e basi bipartitis, stigmatibus subclavel- latis seminibus ellipsoideis, testa solida minute tuberculata. Planch. Drosera spathulata. Lab. Nov. Holl. v. 1. ¢. 106. f. 1. De Cand. Prodr. v. 1. p. 318. Planchon, in Ann. Se. Nat. 3rd ser. v. 9. p. 193. Hook. Fl. N. Zeal. v. 1. p. 20; Fl. Tasman. v. 1. p. 29.—D. propinqua, All, Qunn. This lovely species of Suadew came, apparently accidentally, m the soil of a Wardian case, sent by Mr. Milne, our collector, mn Captain Denham’s surveying voyage of H.M.S. Herald, from Australia. It was first detected in Tasmania by Labillardiere, but appears to be frequent in New South Wales, in south- eastern Australia, in New Zealand; and M. Planchon refers Cuming’s Philippine Island Drosera (n. 857) to this species. It is excessively pretty in its mode of growth, and may be easily recognized, as Dr. Hooker observes, by the “ broadly spathulate, APRIL Ist, 1861. rosulate leaves, spreading out like rays, and by the long slender erect scapes, bearing asecund raceme of small flowers,” but con- spicuous by their deep purple colour. M. Planchon, in his admirable monograph above quoted, enumerates no less than eighty-eight species of this smgular genus, which has its repre- sentatives in almost every temperate and warm country through- out the world. We have cultivated this species very successfully for several years in a warm greenhouse. Fig. 1. Upper, and 2, under side of a leaf. 38. Pedicellate gland, from the same. 4. Flower. 5. Stamens and pistil:—all more or less magnified. i ~ ae ee od oy) See a Sense 2 “anTiiny enn : Vincent Brooks,Imp Tas. 5241. CISTUS vaaGinartus. Sheath-leaved Cistus. Nat. Ord. Cistack&.—PoLyaANDRIA MoNoGYNIA. Gen. Char. Calyx. 5-sepalus; sepalis duplici serie dispositis, 2 externis ine- qualibus, interdum nullis. Petala 5, eequalia, subcuneata, caduca. Stamina seepe e disco glanduloso exserta. Stylus filiformis. Stigma capitatum. Capsula calyce obtecta, 10—5-locularis, valvis 10-5, medio septiferis. Semina ovato-an- gulata. Hmbryo filiformis, spiralis——Frutices, suffruticesve. Folia opposita, exstipuluta, integra vel subdenticulata. Pedunculi azillares, uni- aut multi-flori. De Cand. Cistus (§ Erythrocistus) vaginatus ; foliis lanceolatis acutis trinerviis hirsutis subtus reticulatis petiolatis, petiolis basi dilatatis margine pilosis sulcatis vaginantibus, pedunculis axillaribus 1-8-floris. Cistus vaginatus. dit. Hort. Kew. ed. 1. v. 2. p. 232, ed. 2. 0. 3. p. 304. Jacq. Hort. Schenbr. v. 3. p.17. t. 28. Bot. Reg. t. 225. Sweet, Cistin. t.9. De Cand. Prodr.v. 1. p. 265. Cistus symphytifolius. Lam, Encycl. v. 2. p. 15. Ruopoctstus Bertholletianus. Spach, Veget. v. 6. p. 83, and in Webb, Phytogr. Canar. v. 1. p. 125. ¢. 12. B. leucophyllus, Spach, 1. c.; foliis vix pilosis, subtus presertim ramulisque et calyce speciosissime cinereo-tomentosis, ovario toto tomentoso. Cistvs candidissimus. Don, in De Cand. Prodr.v.1. p. 264. Sweet, Cistin. t. 3. Cistvs ochreatus. Link, in Buch. Beschr. Canar. Ins. p. 153. It is much to be regretted, that many very handsome and easily cultivated plants, introduced to our gardens eighty and a hundred years ago, are neglected and lost, in favour of new plants which fall far short of them in point of beauty. The pre- sent is one among that number, a native of Teneriffe, cultivated at Kew so long ago as 1779, when seeds were sent by Frederic Masson, and now scarcely to be found in collections at the present time, save in that of W. Wilson Saunders, Esq., at Reigate, a place rich in rare plants of Teneriffe. To that island it is quite pecu- liar, growing in Pine-woods and Cistus-scrubs (“in Pinetis et Cisticetis ”) according to Mr. Webb, at elevations upon the moun- APRIL Ist, 1861. tains of from 1800 to 9000 feet. The flowers are particularly large and handsome, and there is a very distinct character in the union of the bases of the petioles into a very conspicuous elon- gated striated sheath, surrounding the branch, whence the spe- cific name is derived. Our drawing was made at Reigate, in June 1860, when the plant was in great beauty. Descr. A shrub, three to four feet high, with hairy and viscid stems and branches. Leaves opposite, broad-lanceolate, very acute, nearly entire, three-nerved, reticulated (and rugose beneath) very hairy, almost felted ; petioles united for a considerable por- tion of the length into a compressed striated very hairy sheath. Upper leaves small and bracteiform. Peduncles axillary, cymose, one- to eight-flowered. Vowers large, drooping. eta/s singu-, larly plicate or crisped, full rose-colour, yellowish at the base. Stamens very numerous, collected into a cup around the pistil. Ovary subglobose, arising from a crenulated fleshy disk. Style long, subflexuose. Stigma capitate. . Fig. 1. Leaf, with sheathing base,—nat, size. 2. Pistil,—magnified. W. Hitch, delet Hth. Vincent Brodks,Iunp Tas. 5242. ZAMIA SKINNERI. Mr. Skinner's Zamia. Nat. Ord. CrcapacE#.—DtIcctia. Gen. Char. FLORES MASCULI: Anthere aperte, in strobilos terminales pedun- culates collectze, undique rachi communi insertee, singule ovoidee, basi in stipi- tem attenuate, apice incrassato peltiformi subbilobe, lobis subtus polliniferis. Fior. Fam.: Carpidia plurima, monophylla, aperta, in strobilos terminales pedunculatos collecta, rachi communi undique inserta, singula basi in stipitem attenuata, apice in peltam hexagonam dilatata, pelta subtus utrinque ovulo unico inverso feeta. Fructus e carpidiis subdiscretis. Semina ovoideo-subglobosa ; testa ossea, epidermide tenuiter carnosa cincta. Hmébryo inversus, in axi albu- minis carnosi, radicula respectu racheos communis centripeta.—Arbuscula in America tropica, imprimis in Indie Occidentalis Insulis obvie ; frondibus pinnatis ; pinnis 4asi calloso-constrictis, multinerviis ; nervis simplicibus indivisis. Endl. ZAMia Skinneri; caudice erecto tereti cicatricato; frondibus paucis erecto-paten- tibus longe stipitatis. pinnatis, stipitibus teretibus (rachibusque) aculeatis basi valde incrassatis, pinnis 7-11 oppositis vel alternis remotis obovato- ellipticis coriaceis nitidis parallelo-multinerviis subito acuminatis dimidio superiore spinuloso-serratis basi attenuatis sessilibus, strobilis (masculis) 3-4-ageregatis pedunculatis cylindricis pubescentibus ferrugineis basi multi- ~ bracteatis, squamis antheriferis subpeltatis, antheris subglobosis basi pau-. lulum attenuatis semibivalvibus. Zamia Skinneri. Warszew. in Otto et Dietrich Garten Fl. v. 19. p. 146, eum ic. Bot. Zeit. 1854, p. 27.. Seemann, Bot. of Herald, p. 202. We received plants of this very distinct species of Zamia from the eminent cultivator Mr. Borsing, of Berlin. _ It appears to have been first detected at Veraguas, Isthmus of Panama, by M. Warszewicz. Dr. Seemann subsequently found it in the Isthmus of Darien, at Cape Corrientes, and a specimen from him without fructification is in the Hookerian herbarium. It appears to be described and figured by Warszewicz in the journal of Otto and Dietrich above quoted, but whether or not any fructification 1s noticed I am ignorant, as I have not the opportunity of seeing the work. I should think not, for in the brief specific character copied into the Bot. Zeitung, no mention is made of it. We have been more fortunate ; for our plants in the stove of the Royal Gardens APRIL, Ist, -1861. of Kew produced a cluster of male strobili, which by their form ° and colour added greatly to the interest and beauty of the plant. It is the most distinct of all the species of Zamia known to us. Drsor. Caudex or trunk of our largest plant erect, eighteen inches high, six to eight in circumference, scarred transversely from the fallen fronds. Fronds*three to three and a half feet long, including the stipites, few (five to six), erect, patent, pinnated. Stipites long, two to three feet, aculeate (as is the rachis), sub- terete, grooved in front, singularly incrassated at the base. Pinne few, seven to eleven, distant, opposite or alternate, nine to four- teen inches long, four inches broad, coriaceous, elliptical-obovate, suddenly acuminate, spinuloso-serrated towards the apex, atte- nuated, sessile, and subdecurrent at the base, the surface very glossy, closely striated with parallel veins. Male five to six inches long, an inch and upwards broad, pedunculate, rich tawny brown, downy, cylindrical, subacute, formed of copious sub- cuneate coriaceo-carnose scales, peltate and subhexagonal at the summit, bearing, in two depressions on the under side, the sub- globose two-lipped anthers. Fig. 1. Very much reduced male plant. 2. Cluster of male catkins, and 3. Single leaf and portion of the rachis :—zat. size. 4, 5, and 6, different views of the anther-bearing scales,— magnified. IGS. Vincent Brooks, imp. WFitch, del. et ith. ae Tas. 5243, CONVOLVULUS Mavriranicus. Mauritanian Bindweed. Nat. Ord. ConvoLVULACEH.—PENTANDRIA MoNOGYNIA. Gen. Char. Sepala 5. Corolla campanulata. Stylus 1. Stigmata 2, lineari- cylindrica, seepe revoluta. Ovarium biloculare, biovulatum. Capsula bilocularis.— Herbze aut suffrutices. De Cand. Convotvutus Mauritanicus ; totus pallide (breviter) hirsutus, radice perenni sublignosa multicauli, caulibus non volubilibus prostratis foliosis parte su- periori breviter ramosis, foliis omnibus ovatis obtusis mucronulatis breviter petiolatis, floribus 1-2 ad ramorum extremitatem sitis pedicello calycem subeequante suffultis, bracteis linearibus calycem sequantibus, sepalis lan- ceolatis acutis hirsutis longe ciliatis corolla rosea vel violacea triplo brevi- oribus. Boiss. ConvoLvutus Mauritanicus. Boiss. Plantes d’ Espagne, p. 418. t. exxii. A. A very pretty and little known species of Convolvulus, de- tected in the interior of northern Africa, near Constantine, com- municated to M. Boissier by M. Séjourné, and published in a note in the botany of M. Boissier’s interesting ‘ Voyage en Espagne.’ It is distinguished from C. Siculus and C. pentapetaloides by its woody and perennial root, its leaves never cordate, shortly pe- tiolate, and by the size of its flowers: from C. tricolor by some of the same characters, the leaves not attenuated upon the pe- tioles, its many-flowered peduncles, the length of the bractez and of the sepals. The C. suffrutricosus, Desf., and C. Canta- brica, L.., which are also perennial, have the leaves lanceolate or linear, the peduncles much elongated, etc. Our flowering specimen was received from the garden of Mr. William Thompson, of Ipswich, where it blossomed in the open air, in October 1860. Descr. foot perennial, sublignose, branched, about the thickness of a goose-quill, This throws out several slender, almost filiform, prostrate, flexuose stems, which are simple, APRIL Ist, 1861. rarely branched ; these are pilose with short, soft, white hairs, as is almost every part of the plant, scarcely perceptible to the naked eye. Leaves alternate, distichous, on short petioles two lines long, suborbicular (especially below) or ovate, obtuse or acute, one to one and a half inch long. Peduncles axillary, solitary, one- to three-flowered, twice or more longer than the leaves, slender, filiform, bibracteate at the setting-on of the pedicels, and the intermediate flower has two bracteoles, all of them linear, patulous. Calyz of five, linear-oblong, villous se- pals, two a little smaller than the rest. Corolla twice as lon as the calyx; the /imé patent, nearly entire, purplish-blue ; the faux or tube white. Stamens included. Filaments subulate, pubescent at the base, two longer than the rest. _Anthers ob. long. Ovary ovate, seated on a fleshy disk, tapering into a slender, filiform style, with two very slender, linear stigmas. Fig. 1. Calyx, including the pistil. 2. Base of the corolla open, with sta- mens. 3, Pistil:—magnified. et lith 7 L,QeL. Emp it Brooks £11 Tas. 5244, BELOPERONE : viotacna. Violet-flowered Beloperone. Nat. Ord. AcANTHACER.—Dr1anpria Monoaynia. Gen. Char. Calyx profunde quinquefidus ; daciniis zequalibus, latis v. latiusculis ; éubo angusto. Corolla ringens, tubo labiogue superiore concavo-conicis, rectis, inferiore labio trifido eequali, disco levi. Stamina duo, tubo infra medium in- _ Serta. Anthere biloculares ; loculis basi calcaratis, in connectivo semisagittato- ovali oblique distantibus, altero altiore. Stigma subulatum (in specie anomala obtusum). Capsula a basi ad medium compresso-unguiculata, asperma, apice tetrasperma. Semina colorata.—Frutices Americe tropice (rarius herbee) speciosi ; corollis elongatis, purpureis vel ceruleis ; bracteis sepe coloratis. Spice axillares terminalesque, breves, secunde. Flores alterni ; bracteis patulis bracteolisque sepe @qualibus, longis, linearibus lanceolatisve. Nees. Pd BELOPERONE violacea ; suffruticosa, ramis herbaceis glabris ad nodos incras- satis, foliis brevi-petiolatis ovatis acuminatis integerrimis pilosulis ciliolatis, floribus terminalibus capitatis bracteatis, bracteis oblongo-lanceolatis paten- tibus foliaceis viridibus calyce brevioribus, calycis profunde 5-partitis, laci- niis eequalibus oblongis erectiusculis integerrimis ciliatis, corolla calyce sub- quadruplo longiore speciosa purpurea, labio inferiore amplo pulcherrime albo- lineato. BELOPERONE violacea. Planch. et Lind. Hort. Linden, n. 5. The genus Beloperone is formed by Nees von Esenbeck, at the expense of the old and overgrown genus Justicia, but how far with judgment must be left for Dr. Anderson to decide, who is preparing a treatise on Acanthacee with all the care and atten- tion that so difficult a subject demands. No less than thirty- one species are referred to it, all natives of tropical America, and all having elongated conspicuous purple flowers, with numerous foliaceous green bracts at their base. In the present instance the white line in the disk of the lower lip, with its many short branches, has a pretty effect on the purple-corolla. _ Beloperone violacea was introduced to gardens in Europe from New Granada, by Mr. Linden, to whom we are indebted for our plant. It is treated with us as an ordinary stove plant, and is easily cultivated. Linden indeed says it succeeds perfectly APRIL lst, 1861. ’ “dans la serre tempérée, et méme dans la serre’ froide ; mais elle prospére encore mieux en pleine terre, oii elle atteint la taille d’un arbrisseau de deux 3 trois pieds de haut, tandis qu’en serre elle acquiert & peine la moitié de cette hauteur. Plusieurs ex- emplaires, plantés en pleine terre de bruyére, & lair libre, vers les premiers jours de mai, se sont développés avec une vigeur peu commune, et ont donné une floraison parfaite et d’un effet charmant, qui a duré jusque bien avant dans l’automne.” The author justly considers it an important acquisition for the ornamentation of our parterres, especially in summer and autumn, But I should fear the powerful summer Continental heats would be required, in which we are so deficient in England ; and which is the cause of Cannas and other tropical ornamental plants not succeeding in the open air with us in summer, as they do with our neighbours. Fig. 1. Calyx, with pistil and bracts. 2. Stamens. 3. Ovary and hypogynous cup :—magnified. Imp sere ' Vincent roan: Tas. 5245. PARITIUM ELATUM. Lofty Paritium, or Cuba Bast. Nat. Ord. Matvace®.—MoNADELPHIA POLYANDRIA. Gen. Char. Involucellum decem—duodecim-fidum v. -dentatum. Calyx quinque- fidus, daciniis estivatione valvatis. Corolle petala 5, hypogyna, expansa, ungui- bus imo tubo stamineo adnata, zstivatione convolutiva. TZubus stamineus co- lumneformis, infra apicem quinquedentatum, nudum ; filamenta plurima, brevia exserens ; anthere reniformes. Ovarium sessile, simplex, quinqueloculare, loculis septo secundario parietali verticali incomplete bilocellatis. Ovuda in loculis pluria, angulo centrali inserta, adscendentia. Stylus terminalis apice exserto quinque- fidus ; stigmata capitellata. Capsula quinquelocularis, loculis incomplete bilocel- latis, loculicide per septa incompleta bilamellata quinquevalvis, va/vis margine in- troflexis, medio septa completa gerentibus. Semina abortu pauca, desta crustacea, sinu umbilicata, nuda. Hméryo intra albumen parcissimum mucilaginosum ho- motrope arcuatus ; cotyledonibus foliaceis, plicato-convolutis, radicula infera.— Arbores vel frutices, inter tropicos totius orbis crescentes ; foliis alternis, petiolatis, integris, subtus ad basim nervi primarii glandulosis ; stipulis lateralibus geminis, latis, deciduis ; pedunculis unifloris, axillaribus vel terminalibus et tune stipulato- bibracteatis ; corollis Jutescentibus vel purpurascentibus. Endl. Paritium elatum: arbor 50~60-pedalis, foliis amplis orbiculari-cordatis rarius subangulatis subito brevi-acuminatis integris vel brevi-dentatis submembra- naceis subtus incanis vel minute pubescentibus concoloribus, floribus maxi- mis pedunculatis terminalibus axillaribus, junioribus bibracteatis, bracteis cymbiformibus amplis, petalis obovato- vel oblongo-spathulatis unguiculatis, capsulis lateritiis ovato-globosis, seminibus villosis. Paritium elatum. Don, Gard. Dict.v.1. p. 485. Richard, Fl. Cub. v. 1. p. 146. Griseb. Fl. Br. W. Ind. p. 86. Walp. Report. v. 1. p. 311. Hrsiscus elatus. Sw. Fl. Ind. Occ. p. 1218. M*Fad. Fl.. Jam. v. 1. p. 68. De Cand. Prodr. v. 1. p. 454. Hrsiscus abutiloides. Willd. Enum. p. 136. De Cand. Prodr. v. 1. p. 454. Histscus arboreus, etc. Browne, Jam. p. 84. Matyva arboreo folio rotundato, flore liliaceo. Sloane, Jam. v. 1. p. 215. ¢. 134. 7.1, 3; 3. This is a noble Malvaceous tree, with ample, cordato-rotundate foliage and large flowers, both in bud, and, when expanded, of a bright brick-red colour, of which no figure has been given save the very incomplete one of Sloane, /.c., consisting of a single MAY Ist, 1861. leaf and flower, which flower, however, Swartz refers to P. tilia- ceum (a species figured on the same plate), but I scarcely see why. It is true the two are not only nearly allied to each other, but are often confounded in herbaria. he ¢iliaceum is of uni- versal distribution in all tropical parts of the world, and is every- where spoken of as yielding a valuable and very strong fibre ; while the Paritivm elatum, though certainly not yielding to P. tiliaceum in the quality of its fibre, is, as far as I know, wholly confined to Jamaica and to Cuba, and does not appear to be very common. M‘Fadyen tells us that it inhabits the lower hills and plains of the interior; but in Cuba only one locality is men- tioned by Don Ramon de Sagra, “crescit in Insula Cuba, loco dicto ‘ Vuelto de Abajo ;’” and he makes no mention of its eco- nomical properties; and, what is remarkable, the Flora of Cuba does not include at all the allied species P. tiliaceum, which in Jamaica is “common by the sea-shore.” ; Dr. M‘Fadyen (whose notices of the properties of plants are deserving of imitation by all authors of local Floras) tells us that our P. elatum “affords a very valuable timber, much prized, es- pecially by cabinet-makers, having, when worked up and polished, the appearance of dark-green variegated ” (often called “ green ebony,’ WV. 7. March, Lisq.); “that the bark is the material employed by the Negroes in making the better description of ropes ; and that young shoots and leaves yield abundantly a fine mucilage, which has been employed with advantage, infused in boiling water, as a substitute for the vanglo, or zezegary, in dy- sentery.” Till recently no one has hinted at any connection between the substance of Cuba Bast,—so well known in commerce for the beauty of its network-like fibre of the inner bark, resembling lace-bark of Lagetta lintearia, extensively used as a substitute for the bast of the Lime-tree during our war with Russia,—and this plant. At length my valued friend, Henry Christy, Esq., enabled us to settle the question by sending specimens and seeds from Cuba, which proved to be the tree now under considera- tion, and from which our figure is taken (see also a notice on this subject in the ‘Kew Garden Miscellany,’ vol. viii. p. 347). Thus a tree till lately supposed to be peculiar to Jamaica, is proved in Cuba to be the Bast of the latter island; and this is confirmed also by seeds since sent thence by Mr. Scharfenberg. Mr. N. Wilson, of the Jamaica Botanic Garden, has extracted exactly the same fibre from the Paritium elatum of Jamaica. Whether the P. elatum (mountain Mahoe) and P. tiliaceum (sea-side Mahoe) are distinct or not, may perhaps still be consi- dered sub judice. It is true that Patrick Browne, Sloane, M‘Fadyen, De Candolle, and Grisebach maintain the two species, but I think the marks of distinction given are very unsatisfac- tory, and assuredly very variable. If, indeed, the figure of Pa- ritium tiliaceum, as given in the ‘ Botanical Register,’ t. 232, be compared with our present figure of P. elatum, they may, on the first aspect, be considered distinct enough; while in reality the main difference is in the size of the leaves and flowers, and the colour of the latter, yellow (as it is always described in ¢ilia- ceum), bright brick-red in our elatum ; while Grisebach describes its “petals in the early morning of a pale primrose-colour, then becoming orange-colour and deep-red as the day advances.” No such change took place in the flowers of our living plant. In these, too, the petals are very broad-obovate and clawed: in our dried native specimen most of the petals are narrow and oblong or subspathulate, and as to colour, when dry they become of a deep, almost verdigris-green, sometimes quite coppery, and at other times partaking of the two colours. I have used the best marks I can find in my specific character, which may render any further description superfluous. Fig. 1. Portion of a forked filament and anthers,—magnified. 2. Capsule and involucel (the large calyx having fallen away). 3. Seed:—natural size. 4. Seed,—magnified. ’Vimeent. Brooks, imp. W Fitch, del. et hith. Tas. 5246. TILLANDSIA recurviro.ia. Recurved-leaved Tillandsia. Nat. Ord. BRoMELIAcE®.—HExanpria Monoeynia. Gen. Char, (Vide Supra, TaB. 5229.) TILLANDSIA recurvifolia; foliis glaucescenti-lepidotis, ¢ lata basi lanceolato-su- bulatis canaliculatis integerrimis, radicalibus insigniter recurvis, floralibus erecto-subpatentibus minus glaucis spicam equantibus, scapo folioso brevis- simo, spica late ovata subcapitata laxe bracteata, bracteis elliptico-oblongis acutissimis roseis, calycis albi laciniis lanceolatis mucronato-acutis basi in tubum unitis, corolle albz petalis spathulatis stamina superantibus fila- mentis supra medium crispato-flexuosis. This is, as far as I can find, a new species of 7t/andsia, evi- dently of the same group as, and nearly allied to, the pretty 7” pulchella, figured in a late number of this Magazine, Tab. 5229, differing in the much broader, very glaucous, all very much re- curved leaves, in the larger, almost sessile, and nearly ovate spikes of flowers, with much broader and pink-coloured, not red, bracts. We owe the possession of it to our friend, W. D. Christie, Esq., British Minister at Rio, who introduced it to Kew Gardens from Panama. I have already remarked, that easily as the Zil/andsi@ are to import living, and tenacious as they are of life, no plants are more difficult to preserve in culti- vation for any length of time. Descr. Stemless. Radical leaves copious, densely imbrica- ting at their broad base, and thence becoming lanceolato-subu- late, three to four inches long, channelled, thickly clothed with minute scales, which give them a hoary and very glaucescent appearance ; the interior and superior leaves, which immediately surround the inflorescence, are more erect, less glaucous, but broader, in proportion to the length, at their base. Scape very short, leafy, terminated by a broad ovate spike or capitulum of flowers, laxly imbricated with large broad-oblong, very acute, MAY Ist, 1861. ' rose-coloured scales, sometimes tipped with yellowish-green. The white flowers force back the rose-coloured bracts, and pro- trude a very little beyond them. Calya of three erect imbrica- ting almost mucronate sepals, nearly as long the corolla, united into a tube at the base. Petals pure white, with a spathulate “imb and broad white claws. Stamens as long as the claws. Filaments \inear-subulate, crisped and tortuose above the middle. Anthers small, linear. Ovary ovate, tapering into a thickened style, and terminated by three cuneate nearly erect stigmas. Fig. 1. Entire flower. 2, Petal and two stamens. 38. Pistil :—all magnified. Tas. 5247, MALORTIEA simp.Lex. Simple-leaved Malortiea. Nat. Ord. Patmacez.—Monecra Hex-DopECcANDRIA. Gen. Char. P MALorTI£A simplex ; lamina frondium plerumque simplici rare bijuge-pinnati- secta oblonga vel elongato-oblonga, apice brevissime bifida utrinque nervis primariis circiter 12, margine inferiore integro, superiore grosse dentato, dentibus excisis, segmentis compositis omnino adnatis, spadicibus simplici- ter pauci-ramosis, staminibus 12. H. Wendl. Matortiga simplex. Herm. Wendland in Botanische Zeitung, No. 1 for 1859, p. 5. * Palma cespitosa, pusilla, gracilis, metrum alta, valde affinis Malortiee gracii ; differt lamina frondium simplici rare bijuge- pinnatisecta, apice brevissime bifida. Patria Costa Rica orien- talis. In hortis colitur.” With the exception of this remark and the above specific character, this is all that we can find re- lating to this most graceful little Palm. It flowered in our stove in February of the present year, 1861; and we owe the posses- sion of it to Mr. Hermann Wendland, of the Royal Hanoverian Garden of Herrnhausen. Respecting the genus, we can only discover a bare mention of the name as the 33rd Genus in “Hermann Wendland’s Index Palmarum, Cyclanthearum, Pan- danearum, Cycadearum, que in hortis Europzis coluntur, syno- nymis gravioribus interpositis,” with no reference to any charac- ter or description, and one species is named as belonging to it, namely, MW. gracilis, of Herm. Wendland ; and the “synonyma graviora” given under it, are “ Chamedorea fenestrata, Hort. Parment. ; Chamerops fenestrata, Hort. Amstelod.; and Geonoma fenestrata, Hort. Makoy,” but none of these appear to be de- scribed or further noticed. I feel it better, under such circumstances, to abstain from any MAY Ist, 1861. further remark : but if it should be our fortune to have the op- portunity of figuring the Malortiea gracilis, we trust by that time Mr. Wendland will have published his views of the genus, and some further details relative to the two species. : Fig. 1. Reduced figure of Malortiea simplex, Herm. Wendl. 2. Leaf. 3. Spadix and spatha :—natural size. 4. Male and female flowers. 5. Male flower. 6. Female flower. 7. Innerview of thecorolla. 8. Pistil. 9. Young fruit :— all more or less magnified. W. Fitch, del. et lth VAncent Brooks, in? Tas. 5248. DRAC/AENA sBicoLor. Broad-leaved Two-coloured Dracena. Nat. Ord. ASPARAGINE#.—HEXANDRIA MoNoGYNIA. Gen. Char. Perigonium corollaceum, tubulosum, profunde sex-fidum ; Jaciniis subspathulato-linearibus, obtusis, uninerviis, equalibus, patentissimis vel recur- vatis. Stamina 6, fauci perigonii inserta, exserta, erecto-patula. Filamenta plana, angusto-linearia, apice subulato-attenuata. -Anthere biloculares, oblong vel lineari-oblongz, apice bilobe, basi bifid, dorso medio affixee, introrse. Ovarium \iberum, sessile, oblongum, triloculare ; ovala in loculis solitaria, ses- silia, adscendentia, anatropa. Columna stylina filiformis, sulcato-triangularis, erecta, stamina superans. Stigma trilobum, lobis rotundatis. Bacca subglobosa vel tripulvinato-globosa, carnoso-succulenta, 1—-3-sperma. Semina subglobosa. Lmbryo in basi albuminis cornei ad latus exterius locatus.—Caules arborei vel Sruticosi, simplices vel ramosi, foliis delapsis semiannulato-cicatrizati. Folia in apice caulis et ramorum conferta, lanceolata vel linearia, integerrima, sepe inferne angustato-petiolata, ima basi semiamplexicaulia, striato-nervosa, pergamena vel subcoriacea, glabra. Panicule ¢erminales, solitarie, simplices vel ramose, brac- . teate, rarissime ad racemum solitarium redacte. » Flores pedicellati, solitarii, gemini, terni vel quini, in ramis panicule racemosim dispositi, albidi, virescenti- — vel flavido-albi ; pedicellis basi bractevlatis, superne articulatis. Kth. Dracana bicolor ; suffrutex humilis simplex, foliis ovatis subcoriaceis costatis vix striatis undulatis brevi-acuminatis apice mucronato-setaceis inferne in petiolum latum canaliculatum basi amplexicaule attenuatum, racemo capi- tato-spicato multifloro bracteato, pedicellis brevissimis, bracteolis lanceo- latis intense purpureis longitudine corollz tubi, limbi laciniis linearibus patentibus albis purpureo-marginatis, staminibus longe exsertis. A native of Fernando Po, whence living plants were sent to us by Mr. Gustav Mann, in 1860: they flowered in February of the following year. Its nearest ally is doubtless the Dracena ovata of Gawler, in Bot. Magazine, Tab. 1179; but that differs in the strongly marked parallel nerves of the leaves and the much shorter fascicle of flowers of a pale-rose colour, and other characters. It requires the heat of a stove, and flowered with us in February, 1861. Dzscr. A foot high, erect. Stem as thick as the little finger, leafy, principally above. Leaves five to six inches long, inclu- ding the rather short, broad, channelled pefiole, ovate, waved, en- tire at the margin, rather suddenly acuminate, with a soft mucro may Isr, 1861. at the point.. Raceme compound, dense, spicato-capitate, sessile, almost globose, very pretty from the mixture of white and deeply. purple. Outer dracés large, broad, with amplexicaul bases. Brac- teoles bright-purple, as long as the tubes of the corolla. Corolla white, the segments tipped and margined with purple. Stamens exserted. Germen ovate, three-celled, each ce// with one erect seed. Style long, slender, filiform. Stigma capitate, three-lobed. : Fig. 1. Flower with its two bracts. 2. Stamen. 3. Pistil. 4. Ovary cut through vertically. 5. Ovary cut through transversely :—magnified. SLI ooks, harp br Vincent } t : Sas Tas. 5249. DENDROBIUM .LinGua@ForME. Linguiform Dendrobium. Nat. Ord. ORcHIDEH.—GYNANDRIA MONANDRIA. Gen. Char. (Vide supra, TaB. 4352.) DENDROBIUM lingueforme ; caulibus teretibus repentibus, foliis sessilibus obo- vatis alte trisulcatis, racemis erectis multifloris, sepalis petalisque linearibus acuminatissimis, labelli abbreviati lobo undulato tricarinato. Lindi. DENDROBIUM lingueforme. Sw. Act. Holm. 1809, 2. 247. Sm. Exot. Bot. t. 11. Willd. Sp. Pl. v. 4. p.138. Brown, Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holl. p. 333. Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orchid. p. 85. A singular and we believe very rare Orchideous plant, first discovered by Sir J. Banks in the Pacific Islands, during Cap- tain Cook’s celebrated voyage ; afterwards found by Mr. Brown in New Holland, at Port Jackson: and lately fine growing plants were sent to us from Moreton Bay by Mr. Hill. Culti- vators of Orchideous plants will not despise this because it does not produce the gay and showy flowers which characterize so many of the family. ‘Ihe leaves are very curious, thick, and fleshy, and almost resemble pseudobulbs, while the racemes of flowers are elegant and graceful, and, save the labellum, of an ivory-white colour. It flowers with us in the winter months, and ought to succeed well in an ordinary greenhouse, seeing that the species is a native of Port Jackson, and found, accord- ing to Sir James Smith, “ upon rocks on the sea-shore.” That author, who figures it from a dry specimen, further remarks, “that the pretty delicate flowers, and the singularity of the stem and leaves, entitle it to a place in our conservatories, if a — stone could be brought with the roots, and their mossy clothing — undisturbed.” We find it, however, succeed well on a piece of wood, Drscr. The green rounded stem, about as thick as a swan’s may lst, 1861. quill, creeps on the substance to which it attaches itself for a few inches, is branched, and bears Yather numerous, alternate, very thick and fleshy, elliptical, sessile eaves, convex at the back, nearly plane on the upper surface, but marked with three rather deep longitudinal furrows. In a young state there are sheathing, short, membranaceous stipules at the base of the leaves, which are deciduous. From the base of the leaves again arise the slender, filiform flower-stalks, with one or two mem- branaceous dracts near the base, scarcely exceeding the leaf in length, terminated by a raceme of white flowers three to four inches long. Ovary small, tapering into a pedicel. Sepals and petals long, linear, acuminate ; the two inferior sepals gibbous at the base. Zip small, quite concealed by the perianth, close- pressed to the column, three-lobed, middle lobe the largest, acute, reflexed, yellow, with red spots; the disk bearing three elevated plates or crests, which are crisped ; side-lobes white, with a few red spots within. Fig. 1. Side view of a flower. 2. The same, with the sepals and petals re- moved. 3, 4. Different views of the labellum :—all magnified. Ik50. W-Fitch, del eclith Vincent Brooks, Imp. Tas. 5250. AMOMUM Cuust1. Golden-Nowered Grain of Paradise. Nat. Ord. ZINGIBERACE®.—MONANDRIA MonoGynIA. Gen. Char. (Vide supra, TaB, 4603.) Amomum OClusii; glabrum, caule elongato folioso, foliis lineari- v. oblongo- lanceolatis longe acuminatis, scapis floriferis radicalibus paucifloris, bracteis oblongo-cymbiformibus emarginato-cuspidatis, corolla aures lobis latera- libus patentibus lanceolato-subulatis, dorsali amplo obovato-oblongo latera- libus longiore, labello late ovato-spathulato subacuto margine integro, fila- mento basi utrinque appendicula subulata aucto, connectivo apice obtuso, cornubus lateralibus:subulatis porrectis. Amomum Clusii. Smith in Rees’ Cyclop, (fide Hanbury). Amomum Danielli. H,f. (quoad colorem floris), in Kew Journ. Bot. 1852, v. 4. p. 129. The determination of the various Amoma of Western Africa, several of which yield the seeds called “ Bastard Melligetta and “ Grains of Paradise,” have long been a source of great difficulty both to the botanist and pharmacologist ; and our ef- forts to clear up the subject, by means of correspondence with our own and other collectors in that country, and by figuring spe- cimens cultivated at Kew, have hitherto resulted in little beyond good illustrations and further confusion of synonymy. — This has arisen very much from the necessity of having, besides dried specimens of leaves, flowers, and fruit (which appear at different seasons), flowers preserved in spirits or acid, and notes of their colour. Unfortunately some collectors have not hitherto been successful either in matching them properly, nor in making sure that the seeds sent home for germination, belonged to the plant to which they referred them. In the case of this species, the result has been the confounding of a golden-flowered and red- flowered species, by Dr. Hooker, in the ‘ Kew Journal of Bo- tany ;’ he being misled by Dr. Daniell’s confident assertion that the plant there figured had yellow flowers, and that the seeds, JUNE lst, 1861. which subsequently produced the plants figured in this Maga- zine (Tab. 4674) were gathered from the same individuals. Mr. Hanbury, indeed, who has paid great attention to this subject, and who pointed out to Dr. Hooker the erroneous iden- tification here alluded to, considers the yellow- and red-flowered plants as varieties. He says,—I am obliged to conclude that A. Danielli varies in colour of flower from yellow to crimson; ~ also considerably in the size of the fruit, in the latter being more or less furrowed ; in the length of the scape, being simple or branched ; and bearing one, two, or many fruits; and in the leaves being six inches to a foot or more long. 'The flowers do not differ much wherever grown, the apex of the anther is some- times truncated ; the seeds always brilliantly polished. I consider it to be the 4. Clusii, Smith, and the “ Amomum a grandes Jeuilles du Sénégal” of Guiboutrt. That Mr. Hanbury is right in considering these plants as varieties (as Dr. Hooker had previously supposed, Kew Journ. Bot. vi. p. 294) we can well conceive, the only differences being, _ besides.the colour, the smaller flowers and foliage of this, and its more acute labellum, with margins not undulated. Both are sent under the name of “ Barsalo,” or “ Bassalo ;” and both grow at several parts of the Bight of Benin, as Sierra Leone, Fernando Po, and Prince’s Island. # The specimens here figured are from plants sent from Fer- nando Po by the lamented Mr. Barter, botanist to Dr. Baikie’s Niger Expedition. It flowered in December. | Fig. 1. Flowering plant on a reduced scale. 2 and 3. Flowering portions, together with a single leaf,—natural size. “nt Brooks Enyp LAB OeD Ls STREPTOCARPUS Saunperstt. Mr. Saunders’s Streptocarpus. Nat. Ord. CyrTanDRACEZ.—D1anprIA MonocGynta. Gen. Char. Calyx 5-partitus, persistens, zequalis. Corolla tubuloso-infundibu- liformis, tubo calycem duplo vel multoties superante, fauce ventricosa, limbo obliquo 5-lobo subzequali. Stamina 5, anteriora 2 fertilia, antheris glabris connatis, loculis divaricatis, swperiora 3 sterilia, tubo omnino adnata, apice tuber-- culiformia. Ovarium teres, elongatum, rectum, 1-loculare, fere 4-loculare, pla- centis 2, didymis, lamellis conniventibus, dissepimentum spurium formantibus, utringue revolutis, margine ovuliferis. Stylus linearis. Stigma bilabiatum, lobis reniformibus, inferiore vix majore. Capsula siliqueeformis, teres, apice de- pressa, spiraliter torta, loculicide dehiscens, ovarii structuree conformis. Semina plurima, minuta, oblonga.—Herbe austro-Africane, acaules, cespitose vel cau- lescentes. Folia opposita (vel solitaria). Scapi plurimi, 1(-2- vel pluri)-flori, juniores circinatim involuti. Corolle pallide ceruleo-purpurascentes, intus lineis purpureis notata. De Cand. Srreprocarpus Saundersii ; foliis solitariis amplissimis radicalibus humifusis cordatis obtusis grosse serratis velutino-pubescentibus subtus tomentosis ele- vato-venosis pulcherrime purpureo-roseis, scapis folio Jongioribus e basi folii cost late aggregatis, cymis compositis multifloris, corolla tubo lato ree- tiusculo, limbo obliquo bilabiato, labio superiore duplo minore bifido, in- feriore 3-fido, lobis obovato-cuneatis. For more than two months past this very fine new species of Didymocarpus has been in great beauty, and a succession of flowers are still appearing ; it is unquestionably the finest of all the four species of the genus now known to our gardens. _ Its general affinity is with our Streptocarpus polyanthus, figured at Tab. 4850 of this work, but the differences are considerable: in polyanthus there is a compound, racemose panicle ; the corolla has a short, narrow, singularly flexuose tube, much shorter than the limb; the leaves are much smaller, of a pale-green colour beneath. The great charm of our present plant is in the size, the colour of the under side of the foliage, rich purple-rose, less deep, indeed, as the leaves advance in age, and the delicate greyish-blue colour of the copious flowers, with two purple blotches in the faux. Cultivated in a good-sized pot, we can JUNE Ist, 1861. hardly conceive a more interesting stove-plant.* It is pos- sible it may bear a warm greenhouse in the summer months. It is a native of Natal. We owe the possession of it to. our liberal friend W. Wilson Saunders, Esq., who received the seeds from Mr. Plant. We dedicate this species with great satisfaction to Mr. Saunders, who has done much for South African botany. Our drawing was made in April, 1861. As is the case in S. polyanthus, the scapes originate from the base of the broad costa of the leaf, several rising in a line, and their bases are con- fluent. Descr. Leaf solitary, radical, a foot long, and eight to nine inches broad, cordate, obtuse, velvety, strongly and coarsely ser- rated at the margin, pale yellowish-green above, beneath purple- rose-colour and very tomentose, costa or midrib very broad ;_ pri- mary veins strong and very prominent beneath ; these are united by transverse secondary veins ; ultimate veins or veinlets obscure. Scapes several, arising in a line from the base of the midrib, and confluent, erect, stout, terete, pubescent, green, bearing a compound eyme at the summit of numerous, rather large, pale- blue, drooping flowers. Pedice/s an inch long. Calyza of five, deep, linear-lanceolate, rather small, somewhat spreading seg- ments. . Corolla an inch and a half long, infundibuliform: tube broad, nearly straight, longer than the very oblique limb, which has two, spreading lips ; upper one two-, lower one three-lobed ; lobes oval or obovate ; faux with two deep purple spots, sepa- rated by a yellow line. Stamens two, very small, coadunate by their anthers; and three very small abortive ones, of which one is reduced to a small gland. Ovary cylindrical, downy, as well as the style, nearly equal to it in length, becoming twisted be-— fore the fruit is mature. Fig. 1. Corolla laid open. 2. Pistil :—magnified. * Since our drawing was made, at the present moment, the three monophyl- lous plants cultivated in one pot have yielded twenty-one scapes, and more than a hundred and twenty flowers are in perfection, RY AYA ae ee a A le || | | W Fitch, del et hth Vincent Brooks, imp. Tas. 5252. DIMORPHOTHECA GrRaAmMINIFOLIA. Grassy-leaved Dimorphotheca. Nat. Ord. Composit™.—SYNGENESIA PoLyGAMIA NECESSARIA. Gen. Char. Capitula radiata, fl. radii foemineis ligulatis, disci exterioribus hermaphroditis tubulosis quinque-dentatis ad lobos extus appendiculatis, intimis masculis abortivis. Znvolucrum uniseriale, sguamis linearibus acuminatis. Recep- taculum planum, demum convexum, nudum aut paleis paucis deciduis instructum. Stylus flor. hermaphr. desinens in ramulos breves acutos apice rotundatos mar- gine glanduliferos extus piliferos, flor. fem. in ramulos longos glabros fissus. Achenia recta, calva, radii exalata obconica subtriquetra tuberculata, discz plano- compressa bialata, ais semine latioribus margine incrassatis—Herbe awé suffru- tices Capenses. Folia plus minus scabrida, alterna. Capitula ¢erminalia, solitaria ; = luteo aut fusco; ligulis’ supra albis, subtus purpurascentibus, nunc luteis. le Cand. DrmorPHotHeca (§ Lestibodea) graminifolia ; caulibus simplicissimis monoce- phalis subaphyllis, foliis ad collum plerisque confertis linearibus subinteger- rimis. De Cand. Dimorruorueca graminifolia. De Cand. Prodr. CALENDULA graminifolia. Linn. Sp. Pl. v. 2. p. 1305. Mill. Gard. Dict. n. 7; Icon. t. 16. f.1. Berg, Cap. p. 311. Ait. Hort. Kew. v. 3. p. 271. ed. 2. v. 5. p. 167. Willd. Sp. Pl. v. 3. p. 2345. Loddiges, Bot. Cab. Bot. Reg. Ue Al! ee DrmorPHoruEca Statices folio. Vaill. Act. Paris, 1720, p. 280. _ Axcrortts tenuifolia. Poir. Suppl. v. 1. p. 439. Betuis Africana, florum pediculos foliosis, foliis angustis et integris. Commel. Hort. v. 2. p. 67. t, 34. Were this not so straggling a plant, it would surely be a greater favourite in our greenhouses than it is; but the flowers want com- pactness, handsome as they are individually ; so that, though known in European gardens as early as 1698, when it was intro- duced into Holland from the Cape, it has never been generally cultivated, and has often been lost to the country. We raised it recently from seeds sent from South Africa; it also strikes rea- dily from cuttings. It might make a good summer bedding-out plant, if the stems were well pegged down. Our drawing was made in April of 1861. . Duscr. Stems between herbaceous and woody, weak, terete, JUNE lst, 1861. green, varying in length, simple or slightly branched. Leaves linear or linear subspathulate, from three to four or five inches long, entire or slightly toothed. /owers on long terminal pe- duncles, two and a half inches across. ‘The ray white above, orange-brown beneath. The disk deep purple, dotted with the yellow of the anthers. : Fig. 1. Floret of the ray, with its wingless ovary. 2. Front of the disk, with stamens and pistil :—magnified. SDDS. Vineet Brooks, bas Tas. 5253. STENOGASTER CONCINNA. Neat Stenogaster. Nat. Ord, CyrTANDRACE2®.—DIDYNAMIA ANGIOSPERMIA. Gen. Char. Calyx quinquefidus, basi ovario adnatus, obliquus. Corolla in- fundibuliformi-campanulata v. hypocraterimorpha, limbo obliquo patente. Sta- - mina 4; antheris per paria connatis. Glandule 5, distinctee. Ovarium vix semi-inferum, ovoideum ; stigmate bilobo. STENOGASTER concinna ; pusilla, puberula, caulibus brevissimis ceespitosis, foliis petiolatis late ovato-rotundatis grosse crenato-serratis, pedunculis axillaribus elongatis unifloris scapzeformibus, calyce parvo, corolle pallide lilacine, tubo superne luride purpureo, fauce pallida intus maculata. This pretty little plant flowered in Messrs. Veitch and Son’s Nursery, at Chelsea, in the month of April last, but it is not known from what country it came, nor by whom it was imported. The habit is that of a small Indian Didymocarpus, but the po- sition of the ovary, the glands, and stamens, remove it from that tribe of the Order, and place it amongst the old Gloxinias. It appears to accord with the characters of Hansteen’s genus S/eno- gaster, and has same subscapigerous habit and flower as S. hirsuta (Bot. Mag. Tab. 1004). The deep-green close foliage, bright stems, petioles, and veins, and abundance of pretty flowers, render it an attractive plant, when well cultivated. Descr. Stems deeply tufted, half an inch to an inch high, deep vinous red, as are the petioles and veins of the leaf. Leaves opposite, broadly ovate, subrotund, strongly crenate, about half an inch to three-quarters of an inch broad. Flowering peduncles axillary, very numerous, solitary, one-flowered, naked, resembling scapes. Flowers nearly an inch long. Calyz green, small, ob- lique, with five, narrow-oblong, blunt odes. Corolla between funnel-shaped and campanulate, with five spreading blunt /odes. pale-lilac, deeper along the upper surface of the tube and on the JUNE Ist, 1861. throat above, yellower below, the ¢/roat spotted with purple. Stamens four, included; the anthers connate in pairs ; filaments inserted near the base of the tube.—/. D. #7. Fig. 1. Leaf. 2. Calyx and pistil. 3. Corolla, laid open, showing the stamens. 4. Pistil and glands at the base of the ovary :—magnified. ILIA. del. et tith ¢ Vincent Brooks imp. f Tas. 5254: | BEGONIA PHYLLOMANIACA, Proliferous-stemmed Begonia. Nat. Ord. BreGonracka.—Mona@cia PoLYANDRIA. Gen. Char. (Vide supra, Tas. 4172.) Beconia phyllomaniaca ; caule elongato subtortuoso erecto carnoso viridi tereti crasso patentim parce et patentim piloso molliter subulato-setoso copio- sissime prolifero, petiolis longitudine foliorum vel longioribus, foliis semi- pedalibus, cordato-ovatis inzequilateris subpeltatis longe acuminatis basi precipue varie lobatis, lobis acuminatis margine apiceque molliter spinuloso- serratis ciliatisque viridibus, bracteis ovatis acuminatis membranaceis paten- tibus fuscis, paniculis corymbosis axillaribus, floribus tetrapetalis, exteriori- bus suborbicularibus; masculorum 2 interioribus nanis, femineorum 2 in- terioribus exter. eequilongis angustioribus, capsule immature alis omnibus ineequalibus, 2 brevibus, unica elongata obtusa. Beconta phyllomaniaca, Mart. in Hook. Kew Gard. Miscell. v. 4. p. 206. KnesEBECKIA phyllomaniaca. Klotzsch in Walpers Annal. v. 4. p. $90. This Begonia has been received from the Berlin Botanic Gar- den under the name of B. prolifera,* and, as is too much the case with horticulturists, without any authority for the name attached to it, or any notice of the country whence it has been derived ; and in the present state of the very difficult genus Begonia, with the several changes that it has undergone, first by the late Dr. Klotzsch, and more recently by M. Alphonse De Candolle, it would seem a hopeless task to endeavour to ascer- tain if it is anywhere described. Fortunately it possesses a character which led to the determination of the species in this case, namely, in the whole surface of the stem, and to a certain extent the leaf-stalks also, being all quite “Aérissé, or squar- rose, and proliferous, so to say, with minute leaves, single or in clusters, which are capable of forming new plants, and which ap- pear in some cases to burst through the bark of the stem ; at other times soft spine-like, green papilla develope themselves into * There is a Begonia prolifera of Alphonse De Candolle, in the Ann. des Se. Nat. 4th ser. v. 11. p. 135, but that is a stemless and very different plant. JUNE Ist, 1861. these leaf-buds. ‘The only mention I can find of it is in Hook. Kew Garden Misc. vol. iv. p. 206, in a communication from Dr. Wallich, to the following effect :— At one of the last.meetings of the Royal Bavarian Academy at Munich, a very remarkable species of Begonia was exhibited by Professor Von Martius, having this extraordinary peculiarity, that it produces from the stem, branches and petioles, innumerable leaflets, which on being detached and placed on-moist ground, produce roots and plants. {n order to mark this singular property, the Professor calls the species B. phyllomaniaca—being possessed by phyllomania. On the margin and apex of these leaflets (which sometimes cover the plant to the extent of a thousand, and which at first are hair-shaped), cells are produced, single or united into groups (three to six), and filled with a yellow juice. One common cell often envelopes one of these little groups, and afterwards peels off,” ready to constitute a new plant.* This is phyllomania in earnest. ‘The account is accompanied by a brief but very accu- rate description, which leaves no doubt of the identity of our plant with it. The native country of the plant is not given. Fig. 1. Capsule. 2. Transverse section of capsule,—slightly magnified. 3. Portion of the proliferous stem,—natural size. * Since the above was written, I find in the latest Fasciculus (xxvii.) of Von Martius’s ‘ Flora Brasiliensis,’ which has just reached my hands, a very full ac- count of this plant, at p. 386, where it is referred to the group of Gereondia of Begonia (genus Gereondia of Klotzsch), and admirable representations at t. 99 and 100 of the plant itself, and the very remarkable physiological structure of the minute leaves and leaf-buds, in a numerous series of figures. The species is said to inhabit Guatemala, and, probably, Brazil. ; Tas. 5255, CALADIUM sicotor, var. Chantini. Two-coloured Caladium ; Chantin’s var. Nat. Ord. ArorpEa#.—Monacra MonANDRIA. Gen. Char. (Vide supra, Tas. 5199.) CaLaDiuM Jicolor ; foliis peltatis ovato-sagittatis, lobis profundis paululum diva- ricatis bicoloribus, spatha erecta basi ovoidea v. subglobosa medio coare- tata apice ovato-acuminata. Var. Chantini ; foliis supra luride viridibus albo maculatis venis latissime rubris. Catapium bicolor. Vent. Pl. Nouv. ¢. 30. (Tas. Nostr. 5199, cum syn.) Catapium Chantini. Ch. Lem. Ill, Hort. Aug. 1858, p. 58. Flore des Serres, t. 1352. Amongst the many splendid kinds of varigated-leaved plants, for most of which we are indebted to the skill of the horticul- turist, none surpasses the present in effectiveness; for owing to the breadth of the white and red markings, and especially to the vividiness of the latter, it stands out in brilliant relief against the broad green foliage of the stove. When describing a more delicate but less conspicuous variety, var. Neumannii, at Tab. 5199, we stated that there could be no doubt of its being a variety of the old and well-known C. dicolor, and we need hardly add that this is another state of the same protean species. Both are stated to’have been imported from Paré. It has been ob- served that these and other kindred Aroids display in their native forests considerable variations in the colour of the leaf; but these are never so marked or vivid as they become by care- ful cultivation, and propagation afterwards from the brightest- coloured individuals that appear. Even our own Arum macula- tum displays some tendency to vary in the colour of the leaf, and a specimen was the other day sent to the Royal Gardens, _ with two clear cream-coloured bands on the leaf; it was a soli- tary sickly plant however, growing in a ditch, and is probably not strong enough to establish a garden variety from. _ Fig. 1. Spadix. 2,8. Stamen. 4. Ovary. 5. Vertical and transverse sec- tions of ovary :—all magnified. JULY Ist, 1861. DEGLI S EE Oe ae eee a Reet a ms MIELE AAR. - Se ee Pe Bf ate ete PO POEE IIE EL cae Ee pe ELIE W.Fitch, del. etith Tas. 5256, BEGONIA GLANDULOSA. Glandular-leaved Begonia. Nat. Ord. BEGonIAcE®.—Mona@cia PoLyANDRIA. Gen. Char. (Vide supra, Tas. 4172.) ’ BrGonta glandulosa; rhizomate crasso suberecto flexuoso, stipulis magnis ovatis acuminatis, petiolis elongatis teretibus pilosis, foliis late oblique orbiculari-cordatis acuminatis sinuato-dentatis carnosis utrinque nitidis su- perne venis nigro-pictis glaberrimis, subtus minutissime pustulatis, scapo elongato tereti glabrato folia wquante v. superante, cyma repetite dicho- toma ramulis laxe trichotome ramosis multifloris, ramulis pedicellisque gracilibus, floribus parvis, masculis sepalis 2 ovato-orbiculatis, staminibus 6-8, foemineis sepalis 4 oblongis, capsule ala magna triangulari. Beeonta glandulosa, 4. De Candolle in Herb. Hook. BEGontra multinervia. Liebm., Mewic. Begon. p. 18 ? Brconta nigro-venia. Hort. Linden. This plant was received from Mr. Linden seven years ago, under the name of B. nigro-venia. It is certainly identical with a plant called in our herbarium B. glandulosa, A. DC., by De Candolle himself, when preparing the Begonias for publication in the forthcoming volume of the ‘Prodromus, and which was gathered by Seemann at Veraguas. (See Ann. Sc. Nat. ser. iv. vol. ii. p. 148.) This plant, however, agrees with Liebmann’s description of B. multinervia, from Costa Rica, so closely that it is not improbable that they may be the same. : Drscr. Rhizome stout, prostrate, ascending, covered with stipular scales. Petioles a span long and upwards, terete, bright-red, rather hairy. Zeaf four to six inches broad, of a fleshy texture, obliquely broadly ovate or cordate, or almost ro- tundate, with an open or closed deep sinus, and obscurely | si- nuate-toothed margins, glabrous, or very slightly hairy, shining on both sides but most so below, deep-green above, the veins painted with broad black or ferruginous bands, paler beneath, painted red, and cuticle covered with minute pustules. Scape JULY Ist, 1861. slender, terete, very tall, bearing a profusely-branched cyme, with deep-red branches and pedicels. /owers very numerous and rather small, pale-green or whitish: males smaller, with two, broadly ovate, blunt sepals, and six to eight stamens; females with four, oblong sepals, and capitate stigmas. Large wing of JSruit triangular, blunt. . Fig. 1. Male; and 2. Female flowers :—doth magnified. BY BY) Tap. 5257. RESTREPIA Lansserett. Lansberg’s Restrepia. | Nat. Ord. Onco1pE#.—GyNANDRIA MoNANDRIA. Gen. Char. Sepala patentia, lateralia labello supposita majora, connata; su- premum erectum. Pefala filiformia, basi triangulari breviter connata. Labellum liberum, patens, basi biauriculatum v. bicorne. Columna_ ovario subincumbens, brevis, semiteres, apice alata. -dnthera 1-locularis. Pollinia 2 (v. 4), ceracea, oblonga.—Herbxe Americane tropice. Caules cespitosi monophylli, Flores ax- illares majusculi, solitarii v. fasciculati. Restrepia Lansbergii ; gracilis, acaulis, caule bipollicari, folio anguste oblongo utrinque obtusiusculo, spatha membranacea carinato-falcata, floribus soli- tariis v. fasciculatis, pedunculis folio brevioribus, sepalo petalisque supe- riore lanceo-setaceis apice incrassatis, inferiore oblongo apice bidentato, lateribus utrinque unisetosis, labello ligulato. RestrEPIa Lansbergii. Rchd. fil. in Bonplandia, v. 2. p. 23; Xenia, p. 171. ¢. 60. ‘ A remarkable and beautiful little plant, first discovered in the Caraccas Mountains by Wagener. Our plants were received from Mr. Salwyn, who collected them in Guatemala. In this genus the lateral sepals and petals bear clavate tips, resembling, in some cases, the antenne of insects. Descr. A small tufted epiphyte, three to four inches high. Stems simple, covered with membranous sheaths, each bearing one leaf. Leaf’ linear-oblong, coriaceous, deep-green, blunt at both ends. Peduncles solitary or several, much shorter than the leaf. Flowers nodding, pale yellow, spotted with purple. Pos- terior sepal and petals all subulate, with clavate tips. Lower sepal oblong, bifid at the apex, bearing a subulate tooth on each side above the base. Column slender, thickened upwards. Fig. 1. Flower and leaf. 2. Posterior view of flower. 3. Anterior view of ditto. 4. Lip. 5. Column, 6. Pollen :—all magnified. JuLY lst, 1861. Task 5258, LINDENIA krivatts. Riverside Lindenia. Nat. Ord. RupracrE#.—PENTANDRIA MOoNoGYNIA. Gen. Char. Linpenta, Benth.—Calycis tubus turbinatus, 5-costatus ; limbus quinquepartitus, laciniis angustis acutis. Corolla hypocrateriformis, tubo longis- simo tenui aquali; limbo 5-partito, laciniis oblongis patentibus, zstivatione im- bricatis. Anthere 5, lineares, sessiles ad corolle sinus. Stylus filiformis, e basi glaber, apice incrassatus, brevissime bifidus, lobis intus stigmatiferis. Capsula laciniis calycinis coronata, bilocularis, placentis centralibus. Semina numerosis- sima, angulata.—Frutices Mexicani. Flora opposita, breviter petiolata, oblonga, ad apices ramorum conferta. Stipule utringue solitaria, fusco-membranacee, acu- minata, in vaginam brevem connate, decidue. Corymbus terminalis, condensatus, paucifiorus. Bractez lineares, Flores subsessiles, albi.—Benth. LinpDENIA rivalis ; corolle limbi laciniis obtusiusculis tubo 4—5-ies brevioribus. Benth. Linpenra rivalis. Benth. Pl. Hartweg. p.84. Hook. Ic. Pl. v. 6. t. 476. Lin- den, Hort. Lind. A very handsome Rubiaceous genus, established by Mr. Bentham in his ‘ Plantae Hartwegianz,’ on specimens first, we believe, collected by Mr. Linden in Southern Mexico, on the banks of the Teapa (Herb. du Sud, n. 331), and by Mr. Hartweg on the banks of streams; La Vera Paz, Guatemala, Hartweg, n. 581. It was first figured by us in the ‘Icones Plantarum,’ above quoted; since by Mr. Linden in ‘ Hortus Lindenianus,’ and in the ‘ Flore des Serres,’ as above quoted.’ The author com- pares the genus to that of the Brazilian Adugustea, but differing in the form of the corolla, of which the tube is long, slender, and straight, as in Zocoyena, without the inflated throat of Au- gustea ; the style is also perfectly smooth. ne It is a handsome evergreen shrub, with leaves clustered, as it were, at the apices of the branches, and an imperfect corymb of remarkably long tubular flowers, which are, in our stove at Kew, in perfection in May, and have the merit of continumg some JuLy lst, 1861. time in flower. A second species, L. acutiflora, Hook., is figured in the ‘ Icones Plantarum,’ 6475. Dzscr. Shrub, much branched, two to three feet high. Leaves opposite, shortly petioled, lanceolate, acuminate, two to three inches long, young pubescent, old glabrous. Stipules subulate, acuminate, connate into a short tube, deciduous. | Corymb ter- minal, few-flowered. Bracts linear-oblong, exceeding the ovary. Flowers subsessile. Calyzx-tube three to four lines long: segments linear. Corolla white, its tube five to five and a half lines long, slender, pubescent : /imé an inch broad. Fig. 1. Calyx and pistil. 2. Calyx, with inferior ovary, with a segment of the calyx removed. 38. Transverse section of the ovary :—all more or less magnified. Tas. 5259. LEPANTHES Catopictyon. Net-leaved Lepanthes. Nat. Ord. ORcHIDEHZ.—GYNANDRIA MONANDRIA. Gen. Char. Sepala patula v. reflexa, seepius basi connata, rariuslibera. Petala 2, nana, forma varia, appendiculata v. inappendiculata. Ladellum parvum, liberum v. columne adnatum. Columna teretiuscula, nana v. elongata. Pollinia 2.— Herbee epiphyte, sepissime parvule. Caulis filiformis, rarius robustus, simplex, vaginatus, Folium unicum. Spice v.racemi axillares. Flores minutissimi, flavi v. ruori. Lepantuss Calodictyon ; vaginis caulis campanulatis ore ciliato, folio late ovato- cordato apiculato sinuato-crenato pallide viridibus venis late brunneis areolato-reticulatis, sepalis liberis ovatis acuminatis, petalis supra sepala reflexis oblique reniformi-cordatis ciliatis utrinque basi appendice filiformi instructis. Srexis Calodictyon v. CaLopicryon Andium. Spruce, MSS. A very singular and beautiful little plant, remarkable for the disposition of the colouring matter in the leaf, which is very pale watery-green in the areoles of the veins, the latter being covered with a broad brown band. In the form and arrangement of the sepals and petals, it differs totally from any known species of Lepanthes (in most of which the sepals are connate, and the lip reduced to a mere scale), but is so closely allied together in habit and essential characters, that it seems unadvisable to make a new genus of it. The plant was discovered by Mr. Spruce, and the specimens figured were imported by Mr. Crosse, and flowered by Mr. Osborne of Clapham Nursery. Descr. A small slender tufted plant. Stems two inches high, clothed with sheathing trumpet-shaped scales, each with an ex- panded ovate-acuminate ciliate mouth. Leaf broadly ovate, rather membranaceous, apiculate, undulate, with subsinuate mar- gins; pale-green, reticulated with brown. Peduncles solitary or fascicled, shorter than the leaf, axillary, bearing a short raceme of minute flowers. Sepals free, green, ovate, acuminate, reflexed. Petals reniform-cordate, acute, ciliate, reflected on the petals, JULY Ist, 1861. furnished at the base on either side with a long, filiform, erect appendage, deep orange-red. Lip erect, spathulate, applied to the face of the column, entire. Pollen masses two, tapering to a small gland. Fig. 1. Stem, leaf, and inflorescence. 2 and 3. Lateral and front view of flower. 4. Anther-case. 5. Pollen :—all magnified. \ Tas. 5260. PENTSTEMON spectasi.is. Beautiful Pentstemon. Nat. Ord. ScropHULARINEZ.—DIDYNAMIA ANGIOSPERMIA. Gen. Char. (Vide supra, Tas. 4318.) PENTSTEMON spectabilis ; glaberrimus, caule elato herbaceo, foliis oblongis ovato- lanceolatis rigide serrato-dentatis inferioribus sessilibus superioribus connato- amplexicaulibus floralibus orbiculatis v. late ovatis acuminatis, panicula ampla pyramidata, sepalis late ovatis acuminatis, corolle tubo basi angusto subito dilatato campanulato bilabiato, lobis rotundatis patentibus, stamini- bus glabris. PENTSTEMON spectabilis. Thurber in A. Gray, Bot. of Thurber’s Expedition, ined. Torrey’s Report of Whipple’s Exped. Bot. p. 63. A lovely Californian species, described by Dr. Torrey as one of the showiest known; the crowded panicle of purple flowers often attaining two feet in length. It was discovered by Mr. William A. Wallace, who sent it to Dr. Torrey, and has also been gathered on San Francisco Mountain, in New Mexico, during Whipple’s Expedition for laying down a railroad across the Rocky Mountains to the Pacific. The specimens figured were from plants introduced into this country by Messrs. Low, of Clapton, and flowered in May of the present year. Descr. Perennial, everywhere glabrous, and inclining to be glaucous, erect, two to three feet high. Lower eaves petioled, ovate, acute or acuminate, coarsely doubly toothed: upper ses- sile, and connate by their broad bases ; uppermost or floral ieaves much smaller, very broadly ovate, or almost orbicular. Flowers in a tall, lax, branched, pyramidal panicle, about an inch long, with a campanulate tube and bilabiate spreading limb ; colour very delicate shades of blue-violet and pale red-purple. Calya- lobes broadly ovate, acute. Stamens all perfectly glabrous. Fig. 1. Base of corolla and stamens. 2. Ovary :—doth magnified. JULY Ist, 1861. al ibd te . Tas. 5261, : DENDROBIUM Huttit. Mr. Hill’s Dendrobium. Nat. Ord. Orcu1pE%.—GyYNANDRIA MONANDRIA. Gen. Char, (Vide supra, Tas: 4352.) Denprosium Hillii ; caulibus valde elongatis articulatis, articulis 3—4-unciali- bus teretibus plurisulcatis, foliis 4—6 ellipticis vel oblongis crasso-coriaceis atro-viridibus enerviis, racemo pendulo pedali et ultra 4 uncias lato, flori- bus numerosissimis sepalis e lata basi sensim subanguste attenuatis, petalis linearibus, labello oblongo transversim fusco-lineato, lobo medio orbiculari, disco subbicarinato. Many years ago, Mr. J. Smith assures me, living samples of this fine Dendrobium were sent from Moreton Bay to the Royal Gardens of Kew, with an opinion expressed that it might pos- sibly be the D. wadulatum of Brown’s Prodr. p. 332. I do not find that they ever flowered: but one thing is certain, that I possess in my herbarium a specimen of the true D. wndulatum of Mr. Brown, with the correct name in Mr. Cunningham’s handwriting ; and another specimen from Albany Island, from A. C. Gregory (see F. Mueller’s Fragm. Phytogr. Austr. fase. 4. p. 87); and also from Port Curtis, gathered by Mr. M ‘Gillivray during the voyage of the ‘ Rattlesnake’ (1847); it is a very dif- ferent species from that now under consideration. The D. un- dulatum has, as its name would imply, singularly undulated petals and sepals of very lurid colours, and sharp segments to the lobes of the lip, and it is aiso a native of Java. Dr. Lindley has shown » that his D. discolor, from the latter country, figured in Bot. Reg. for 1841, tab. 52, is identical with Mr. Brown’s D. wn- dulatum. Our present plant must then be considered a new species ; and as our living specimens were derived from the very zealous botanist and superintendent of the Botanic Garden at Moreton — Bay, Mr. Walter Hill, we gladly dedicate it to him. Even with- AUGUST IsT, 1861. out the flowers, this plant, standing by the side of D. speciosum in our stove, may be at once recognized as distinct, by the greater length of the pseudobulbs or stems and of the leaves. Our flowering racemes are still more distinct, in the dense mass of flowers of D. Hillii on the very large and very drooping ra- cemes, and by the longer and more tapering sepals, together with the long, narrow, linear petals. | | Fig. 1. Flower, front view. 2. Column and lip. 8. Front view of the lip. 4 and 5, Pollen-masses :—all more or less magnified, SS s ‘Vincent. Brooks, imp Tas. 5262, GOMPHIA otivrormtis. Olive-fruited Gomphia. Nat. Ord. OchNacEZ.—PENTANDRIA Monooynia. Gen. Char. Calyx pentaphyllus, seepissime coloratus ; /oliolis imbricatis, deci- duis. Corolle petala 5, hypogyna, sepissime obovata, unguiculata, patentia, Stamina 10, hypogyna, erecta, conniventia; filamenta brevissima; anthere in- trorsze, biloculares, basi affixee, subulato-tetragone, transversim annulato-rugose, apice poris duobus dehiscentes. _ Ovarium columna centrali stylifera depressis- sima, quinque-sexpartitum, lobis gynophori obconici apice oblique insidentibus obovatis obtusissimis, ovulo unico e basi adscendente anatropo feetis ;_stylo inter lobos centrali simplicissimo ; stigmate minimo. acca 5, v. abortu pauciores, gynophoro demum ampliato insidentes, ‘uniloculares, monospermee. Semen erec- tum; ¢esta membranacea. Hmbryonis exalbuminosi orthotropi cotyledones car- nose, plano-convexe ; radicula brevissima, infera——Arbores, frutices, v. suf- frutices in Asia et Africa, multo frequentius in America tropica crescentes ; foliis alternis, persistentibus, simplicibus, breve petiolatis, coriaceis, nitidis, ovalibus v. oblongis, subintegerrimis v. argute serratis ; stipulis axillaribus, geminis, nune dis- tinctis, caducis, nunc in unicam, intrafoliaceam, persistentem coalitis ; paniculis aut racemis terminalibus v. interdum simul axillaribus, bracteatis ; floribus luteis ; pedicellis angulatis, basi articulatis. Endl. Gomputa oliveformis ; foliis latis lanceolato-ellipticis acuminatis obsolete serru- latis basi integerrimis, racemis (compositis subthyrsoideis) terminalibus, antheris leviusculis, gynobasi in fructu turbinata. St. Hil. Gompura oliveeformis. S¢. Hil. Fl. Bras. Merid. v. 1. p. 67. Walp. hepert. Bot. v. 1. p. 526. Gomputa decorans. Lemaire, Jard. Fleur. v. 4. t, 415. Gomphia is a very handsome tropical genus of shrubby or arborescent plants, with copious bright-yellow flowers, abundant in South America, very rare in collections in England, but of which an African representative, viz. Ochna atro-purpurea, has flowered at Kew, and is represented at our Tab. 4519. We owe the possession of the present species of Gomphia to Messrs. Henderson, of the Wellington Road Nursery. It is a native of Brazil, and produced its panicle of bright-yellow flowers in our stove in May of the present year, 1861. Mr. Henderson ap- pears to have received it from the Continent, under the name of AuGusT Ist, 1861. Gomphia decorans, Lemaire ; but it agrees in all particulars with G. oliveformis, which name we do not hesitate to adopt. Descr: Shrubby. Our flowering specimen has not attained a height of more than three feet, but this is perhaps forced early into blossom by cultivation. In its native country it reaches to fifteen feet. Branches terete, green. Leaves alternate, glossy, . three to five or six inches long, petiolate, elliptical-lanceolate, short-acuminate, penniveined, finely serrulate at the margin, bright-green, subcoriaceous ; petiole short, with a pair of subu- late, caducous, brown stipules. Panicle terminal, subthyrsoid, a span long, its Granches subcorymbose. Flowers copious, bright yellow. Calyz of five, oblong-lanceolate, obtuse, yellow sepals, scarcely tinged with green, even in the bud. Petals broad, obo- vato-spathulate, subunguiculate, spreading. Stamens five, sessile, broad subulate, orange-yellow, erect, connivent into a cone, opening at the apex by two pores. ‘The five ovaries are elevated upon a fleshy column, and surround the base of a thickened, Subulate, curved s/yle ; stigma a blunt point. Fig. 1. Leaf from a lower part of the plant,—natural size. 2. Flower from which the petals are removed. 3. Single stamen :—magnified. 4, Pistil and gynobase,—magnified. oO L cH Tan. 5263. CALADIUM sicotor; var. VERSCHAFFELTII. Two-coloured Caladium; Verschaffelt’s var. Nat. Ord. AnoripE#.—Moneacia MonanprRia. Gen. Char. (Vide supra, Tas. 5199.) CaLapium Jicolor ; foliis peltatis ovato-sagitatis, lobis profundis paululum diva- ricatis bicoloribus, spatha erecta basi subglobosa medio coarctata apice ovato- acuminata. Var. Verschaffeltii ; foliis lete viridibus intense sanguineo-maculatis, maculis viridi-ocellatis. CaLapium Verschaffeltii. Ch. Lem. in Fl. des Serres, ser. 2. v. 3. p. 103. This is another of the many striking new varieties of Caladium bicolor, which has been recommended for the further ornament- ing of our stoves, and which is certainly not among the least beautiful of the kind. Upon the deep green ground of the blade of the leaf, are numerous irregular blotches of a rich blood- or almost carmine colour, the largest of which are ocellated, that is, have little eye-like spots of green, as in the var. Vewmanni, figured at our Tab. 5199, but there the deep-rose-coloured blotches are ocellated with white, and are moreover surrounded oy a white limbus. ‘The several variously coloured Caladiums, now known to us, have a very striking effect, whether grouped in masses, or mixed off with other plants, especially Ferns, the fulness of whose forms contrast well with the large aroid foliage of those now under consideration. The present variety was received from M. Chantin, of Paris. Fig. Flowering spadix, removed from the spatha,—zatural size. AUGUST lIsT, 1861. TTlp iceat®) KS, + + Arooks TAB: 0204. = CERINTHE rertorta. Curve-flowered Cerinthe. Nat. Ord. BorAGINE®.—PENTANDRIA MOoONOGYNIA. Gen. Char. Calyx profunde 5-partitus, lobis plus minus ineequalibus, foliaceis. Corolla tubulosa, fauce nuda. Anthere hastate, lobis basi divergentibus, atte- nuatis, subconnatis. Stigma obtusum. Nucule 2, ovate, subossex, biloculares, seepius disperme aut abortu monospermez, basi imperforate. Radicula supera. Cotyledones carnose, planiusculee.—Herbee Huropew, subglaucescentes. Folia ra- dicalia in petiolum attenuata, caulina cordato-amplexicaulia. Flores in racemos foliaceos subcymbosos dispositi, flavi, sepe purpureo-maculati. De Cand. CeRINTHE retorta; glaucescens, foliis eciliatis, pedicellis calyce brevioribus, calycis lobis angustis subzequalibus, corollis clavato-cylindraceis apice sub- adscendentibus ad faucem constrictis, lobis apice acutis levibus, antheris filamento longioribus corollam adzquantibus. De Cand. CERINTHE retorta. Sm. in Sibth. Fl. Greca, v. 2. p. 60. p. 171. Prodr. v. 1. p. 120. Reichenb. Fl. n. 2326. Icon. Critic. v. 8. f.981. De Cand. Prodr. v. 10. p. 4. Admirable as is the figure of this plant in the ‘ Flora Greeca,’ it scarcely does justice to the colouring of it as cultivated in the open air at Kew. ‘The young bracteas in our plant are more highly tinted, the corollas are more protruded, and show more of the yellow colour of the tube, and this is tipped with dark purple. The leaves are glaucous-green, and spotted like those of a Pu/- monaria. It is a native of Caria, in the Peloponnesus, where it was found by Sibthorpe; and in wooded places in Dalmatia ac- cording to Viviani. Lovers of hardy plants will do well to rear this in the open borders of their gardens. It is an annual, and may be increased by seeds, and should be planted in tufts. Our plant was raised from seeds sent to us by Mr. Thompson, of Ipswich. Descr. A herbaceous plant, one to one and a half or two feet high, glabrous, glaucous, branched, chiefly above ; branches terete, suberect. Lowest leaves obovato-spathulate petiolate, superior ones obovate and amplexicaul, the base having two rounded auricles ; in the branches which support the racemes of flowers aveust lst, 1861. the leaves gradually pass into ovate or obovate imbricated drac- teas, of which the younger superior ones are purple, and these are crowded about the flowers. Racemes terminal, recurved (scor- pioid). The flowers, when perfect, are protruded beyond the bracteas. Calyx large, foliaceous, of five very unequal sepals, the outer one much the largest and bracteiform, ciliato-serrate. Corolla tubular-clavate, curved downwards above the middle, then ascending, inflated below the contracted mouth, lemon-yel- low, the apex deep-purple, the /mé small, of five spreading teeth. Stamens included. Ovary of four lobes. Style filiform, shorter than the corolla. Stigma capitate. Fig. 1. Flower. 2. Calyx and pistil. 3. Pistil:—magnified. W Fitch, del ou! ith. : Vincent Brooks, imp Tas. 5265. CHYSIS aurea; var. Lemminghei.” Golden-flowered Chysis ; var. Lemminghei. | Nat. Ord. OrcHi1pEa#.—GYNANDRIA Monoeynia, Gen. Char, (Vide supra, Tas. 5186.) Cuysis aurea; bracteis parvis concavis ovario brevioribus, sepalis petalisque ovatis obtusis, labelli lobis lateralibus obtusis, intermedio majore carnoso bilobo, hypochilio plicato, lamellis 5 carnosis subzequalibus parallelis basi pubescentibus et utrinque aliis minoribus (potius venis elevatis), columna latissima carnosa cymbiformi antice pubescente. Lindl. Cuysts aurea. Lindl. Bot. Reg. t.1937. Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 3611. B. maculata ; sepalorum petalorumque parte superiore aureo-fusco tincta, labelli lobo medio purpureo-maculata. Cuysis aurea 8. Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 4576. y- Lemminghei ; floribus albis purpureo tinctis, labello flavo intense purpureo- maculato striatoque. (Tas. Nostr. 5265.) Cuysis Lemminghei, Linden, Cat. Slight modifications of form and colour in plants are too often considered characteristics of specific differences; in none more so than among the Orchideous family. We know not if our present variety has been anywhere figured and described ; but it passes as a Chysis from Central America, distributed under the name of C. Lemminghei (in compliment, we believe, to Count Lemminghe): and certainly, if colour of flower were alone the point to be considered, this might well be supposed different from one whose colours suggested the specific name of Chysis aurea, given to the plant figured by Dr. Lindley, Bot. Reg. t. 1937, where the purple colour is confined to a few re- mote streaks on the inside of the pale-coloured labellum. Our C. aurea (Bot. Mag. t. 3617) has the purple streaks nearly ob- solete. Our C. aurea, var. maculata (see our Tab. 4576), has more distinct purple streaks than those previously figured, and a deep-tawny blotch occupying the upper half of the sepals and AuGuUSsT IsT, 1861. petals. C. Lemminghei of Linden, here figured, with a structure of flowers, pseudobulbs, and foliage, identical with the others, has a nearly white or cream-coloured flower; anything of a golden colour is confined to the lip: but there are purple or lilac blotches on the sepals and petals, and very deep and co- pious purple streaks and spots in the inside of the labellum. Thus 1 am compelled to consider all varieties of one and the same species, C. awrea, Lindl. Our plants were derived from Mr. Schiller, of Hamburg. Fig. 1. Column and anther. 2. Labellum :—magnified. Vincent. Brooks, imp. Tas. 5266, ARNEBIA Gidieevris: Grifith’s Arnebia. Nat. Ord. BoraGINrEx.—PENTANDRIA MonoeynIa. Gen, Char. Calyx fere 5-partitus, basi post anthesin subcampanulatus. Co- rola tubo elongato, infundibuliformis, fauce nuda, lobis subrotundis. Anthere tubo insert, inclusee. Stylus apice bifidus et stigmata ideo 2 subrotunda sepius subbifida et in massam subglobosam 4-lobam aggregata. Nucule ovate, basi truncate, imperforatee.—Herbz orientales, habitu Lithospermorum, sed stigmate dicephalo nunc 4-lobo distinete. De Cand. ARNEBIA Griffithii ; annua, radice verticale fusca, caulibus 1 pluribusve pumilis erectis simplicibus vel parce ramosis longe et dense albo-setosis strigosis, foliis oblongo-lanceolatis obtusis basi (radicalibus) longe attenuatis utrinque setis brevibus tuberculo lato calcareo insidentibus hirsutis, floralibus anguste lanceolato-linearibus calyces eequantibus, spicis secundis densiusculis, calyce adpresse setoso fere ad basin usque in lacinias apice lineari-subulatas par- tito, corolle flavee tubo extus hirto calyce duplo longiori apice sensim in limbum hypocrateriformem ampliato, limbi lobis ovatis, antheris fauci obso- lete plicatulz insertis, stylo apice bipartito stigmatibus capitatis, nuculis . . . Boiss. Arnzsia Griffithii. Boiss. Diagnos. Plant. Orient. Nov. Ser. 2. n. 2. p. 135. In 1860, General Perronet. Thompson, of Eliot Vale, Black- heath, was so good as to send to me seeds of a remarkable Bo- ragineous plant, from his son Lieut.-Colonel Thompson, com- manding the 7th Dragoon Guards at Seealkote; obtained from the Murree Hills, North-western India. The flowers of the plant sent with the seeds were evidently those of a Boragineous plant, of a rich orange or tawny-yellow, remarkable for five deep purple spots, “ understood to be the impression of the five fingers of the prophet Mahomet.” Some of these seeds eventually ger- minated, and the plant proved to be a species of Arnedia, first discovered in Cabul by the late Mr. Griffith, and lately described, from specimens in our herbarium, by M. Boissier, in the work above quoted. The genus Arnedia is closely allied to Litho- SEPTEMBER lst, 1861. spermum, differing chiefly in the nature of the stigmas. A species closely allied to this, we may remark, Arnedia echioides, De Cand., _ has been figured by us at our Tab. 4409, a native of the Caucasian and Armenian Alps. Our present plant, however, has narrower leaves, smaller flowers, of a more decidedly yellow colour, a dif- ferently shaped calyx, and a longer corolla. ‘The five spots, above mentioned, upon the corollas, become less distinct as the flowering season advances, and eventually disappear. We ob- serve in the flowers the stamens are placed sometimes near the middle of the tube, and then the style is elongated; some- times near the faux of the tube, and then the style is short, and the pistil appears abortive. : Fig. 1, 2. Flowers. 3. Flower, with the stamens near the middle of the tube. 4. Tube of another corolla, with the stamens inserted near the faux :— magnified. 2 . Tas. 5267. ARISHIMA PR/ECOX. Larly-flowering Arisema. Nat. Ord. ARoIDEH.—Mona@cia MoNANDRIA. Gen. Char. (Vide supra, Tas. 4388.) ARISEMA precoz ; foliis binis trifoliolatis, foliolis ovatis sessilibus longe subu- lato-cuspidatis, spatha extus brunneo- et albo-striata galeato-fornicata, fauce anguste dilatata, galea cucullata in lobum late ovatum verticaliter descen- dentem cuspidulo subulato reassurgente auctum producta, spadice inclusa, appendice subcylindrica stipitata. ARisaMa preecox. De Vriese. C. Koch, Berl. Gart. Zeit. 18517, p. 85. Schott, Prod. Syst. Aroid. p. 32. This pretty plant was sent to the Royal Gardens by Professor Miquel of Utrecht. It is a native of J apan, in the Gotto Archi- pelago, and is perhaps only a variety of S. ringens, Schott (A. Sieboldii, De Vriese), under which name indeed we received it. It is aiso nearly allied to the North American Hoya (Olostemma) lacunosa; scandens radicans, foliis mediocribus carnoso-co- riaceis ellipticis basi apiceque acuminatis petiolatis obscure penninerviis nervis immersis, pedunculis solitariis interpetiolaribus, umbellis multifloris planis, laciniis calycinis marginibus carinaque denticulatis, corolle rotate carnose velutino-villosee lobis triangularibus demum reflexis, corone sta- mineze foliolis navicularibus concavis. Hoya lacunosa, Blume, Bijdr. p.1063. Decne. in De Cand. Prodr. v. 8. p. 638. Blume, Rumphia, v. 4. t. 184. f. 2. Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 4826. Orosremma Jacunosum, Blume, Rumphia, 1. c.p.30. Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. v. 1. p.59.f.11, Walp. Annal. Bot. Syst. v. 3. p. 65. 8. pallidiflora ; foliis enervibus, floribus decoloratis. (Tan. Nostr. 5972.) A native of Java, and notwithstanding tbe obsolete nerva- tion of the leaves (which latter are broader than usual at their base), and the almost colourless flowers, cannot otherwise be distinguished from the Hoya /acunosa of Blume, and our Tab, 4826, to which we refer for a more full description. In- deed, had it not been that the figure was engraved, and the plates coloured, before the close similarity was detected, we OcTOBER Ist, 1861. should hardly have deemed the present variety worthy of having a place in this work, while our gardens abound so much in plants of greater interest. Fig. 1. Inferior view of a flower. 2. Superior ditto :—magnified. htt 61.60 OFF Vincent. Brooks, imp: Tan, 5273, MUTISIA pEcURRENS. Decurrent-leaved Mutisia. Nat. Ord. Composit®: Muritst1r&.—SyYNGENESIA SUPERFLUA. Gen. Char. Capitulum heterogamum, ineequaliflorum, falso radiatum. Invo- lucrum pluriseriale ; squamis integerrimis, planis, imbricatis, exterioribus brevi- oribus. Receptaculum nudum. FI. disci hermaphroditi, radii feeminei. Corolle bilabiatee tubo 5—-10-15-nervio, in disco subtubulosee, fauce a tubo non dis- tincta; limdi labio ext. 3-dent., inter. bipartito lobis linearibus; radii labio exteriore amplo, liguleformi, apice 3-dentato; interiore bipartito lobis lineari- bus, interdum deficiente. -Anthere in fl. radii nulle, in fl. disci exserte, lon- gissime caudate ; filamenta papillosa, in fl. radii aut antheris orbate aut nulle. Stylus cylindraceus, basi tumidus, glaber, breviter 2-fidus. dchenium rostratum, costatum, glabrum, longum. Pappus biserialis, plumosus, longus, eequalis, pa- leis basi conferruminatis et ideo una caducis.—Frutices, sepius scandentes, Austr.-Americani. Folia alterna, pinnatisecta aut indivisa ; petiolo communi aut nervo medio in cirrhum sepius apice producto. Capitula solitaria, pedunculata. Flores purpurei, rosei, aut flavii—Numerus nervorum corollarum variat, nempe quintus ubi de more ordinis nervuli marginales nervorum concreti, decimus ubi nervuli marginales distincti, quindecimus ubi preter nervulos marginales dis- tinctos adsunt nervuli mediani. De Cand. Morrs1a decurrens; caule scandente subangulato folioram decurrentiis sub- alato, foliis sessilibus utroque margine decurrentibus lanceolato-linearibus planis integris integerrimisque, inferioribus ad basin paucidentatis, nervo in cirrhum bifidum producto, involucri subcylindracei squamis ovatis inap- pendiculatis appressis acutis infimis patentibus. Moutista decurrens, Cav. Ic. v. 5. p. 65. ¢. 467. De Cand. Prodr. v. 1. p. 6. Gay, Fl. Chil. v. 3. p. 268. Motista heliantha. Pepp. Exsicc. 2840 (fide De Candolle). The genus Mutisia is exclusively of South American origin, and consists of some forty species, remarkable for the peculiar habit, generally scandent, with cirrhose leaves, and for the great size and rich colouring of the flowers ; of which eleven kinds inhabit Peru, Ecuador, and Brazil, and these are distinguished by their pinnated and Vetch-like leaves: the rest appear to be almost ‘OCTOBER IsT, 1861. ‘ exclusively inhabitants of the Chilian Andes, and these have simple or undivided leaves, of a harsh and rigid texture, still fur- nished with their peculiar tendrils at the extremity. We have long ago (Hook. Bot. Miscellany, v. 1. p.7) called attention to the desirableness of introducing many of these to our gardens. One Brazilian species of the pinnated-leaved section was intro- duced to Kew Gardens so long ago as 1827, and was the first plate given in the Second Series of our ‘ Botanical Magazine,’ in 1827 (Tab. 2705); but that one is perhaps the least ornamental of them all. The Mutisia grandifora of Humb. et Bonpl. Pl. AEquinoct. t. 50, has capitula six inches long and five inches broad! Of the second section, from Chili, with simple leaves, a curious, rather than handsome species, was in cultivation in England, J. /atifolia, Don, figured in Sweet’s Brit. Fl. Gard. v. 3. t. 288; but it has, as far as we know, ever since been lost to our gardens. We wish it may be permanently re- placed by the present truly splendid species, of which we have received flowering specimens from Messrs. Veitch and Sons, of the Exeter and Chelsea Nurseries, in July of the present year, 1861. This plant has stood the last severe winter unharmed in the open air at Exeter, without shelter. It is a native of the Andes of Chillan (d/r. Pearce, who forwarded plants to the Messrs. Veitch), and of the Cordillera of Antuco (Pwppig) ; and is assuredly, if not the largest, the handsomest-flowered species of the whole genus. It is to be feared that the fruticose plants of the high and dry Andes of Chili are difficult of cultivation, and require a very peculiar treatment. Descr. Climbing to the height of a few feet, with slightly branched stems. Leaves remote, alternate, oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, quite entire, of a harsh and rigid texture, dark-green above, pale and glaucous beneath, costate, distantly and rather obscurely penniveined, veins horizontal, forked at the apex, and there anastomosing with the adjacent ones; the apex is termi- nated with a bifid ¢endri/, the bases of the leaves are much and gradually decurrent, so as to form wings on the stem and branches. Flower (or rather capitulum) very large, solitary, four and a half inches in the spread of the ray, which is of a brilliant ‘orange-colour. The czvolucre very large, subcylindri- cal, broader at the base, where the scales are lax; the rest of them (all being ovate) are appressed, inappendiculate, blue- green, tinged with purple. Fig. 1. Floret of the ray,—unatural size. fied. 3. Florét of-the disk 5. Stigma,—magnified. e. 2. Hair from the pappus,——magni- »—natural size. 4. Hair from the ray,—-magnified. 52, W. Fitch delret hth ; Tan. 0274, SALVIA CACALLEFOLIA. Cacalia-leaved Sage. : Nat. Ord. Laprat&#.—D1anpria MonoGyYnta. Gen. Char. Calye ovatus, tubulosus v. campanulatus, bilabiatus; Jabio supe- riore integro v. tridentato, inferiore bifido, fauce intus nuda. Corolle tubo in- cluso vel exserto, equali, ventricoso vel ampliato, intus nunc piloso-annulato, ‘nune nudo vel basin in Jatere inferiore processubus vel dentibus 2 instructo ; limbo bilabiato ; Jabio superiore erecto vy. rarius patente, breviore v. longiore, lobis lateralibus oblongis vel rotundatis, patentibus, reflexis vel contorto-erectis, medio plerumque latiore, integro v. emarginato. Staminum superiorum rudi- menta nulla, vel parva, claviformia; feréiia (inferiora) 2, prope faucem tubi inserta; jfilamenta brevia, subborizontalia vel rarius erecta, apice cum anthera articulata et supra articulationem plerumque breviter producta, rarissime sub- continua. Anthere dimidiate. Connectiva elongata, linearia, transverse cum filamento articulata, postice sub labio superiore corollze adscendentia et apice loculum fertilem linearem adnatum vel versatilem ferentia, antice deflexa vel erecta, nunc loculum alterum subconformem minorem polliniferum vel difformem cassum gerentia, nunc dilatata vel rarius brevissima, acuta, libera vel sepius variis nodis inter se connexa v. connata. Ovarii discus autice tumens, in glan- dulam lobis subeequalem. Stylus adscendens, apice bifidus, lobis nunc subulatis, zqualibus, vel superiore longiore, nunc inferiore vel utroque rotundato dilatato complanato. Nucule ovoideo-triquetre, sicce, glabra, plerumque levissimee.— Genus vastum, fere in omnibus regionibus terre obvium, habitu et inflorescentia mag- nopere varium, semper antherarum structura agnoscendum. Benth. in De Cand. Satvia (§ Calosphace) cacaligfolia ; caule herbaceo erecto pubescente, foliis pe- tiolatis latis deltoideis basi angulatis late subhastato-cordatis crassiusculis supra pubescentibus subtus molliter villosulis rufescentibus y. albidis, flo- . ralibus parvis, racemis ramosis, verticillastris bifloris, calycis campanulati pilosuli dentibus aristato-acuminatis, superiore integro vel tricuspidato, co- rolla pubescente calyce pluries longiore, tubo latissimo, stylo glabro. Benth. SALVIA cacalizefolia. Benth. in De Cand. Prodr.v. 12. p. 348. The present handsome Sage is one of 407 species described by Mr. Bentham in the twelfth volume of De Candolle’s Pro- dromus, and belongs to his section Calosphace, which of itself includes 144 species that cannot, the author observes, be sub- divided into series with any very definite characters. In the OCTOBER Ist, 1861. same group with the present is the well-known Salvia patens of our gardens, near which the present finds its place; nearer still, it approaches the S. vitifolia, Benth., but is distinguished from it by the more entire and generally acuminated leaves, by the shorter appressed pubescence on their upper, soft on the under, surface. The calyces, too, are larger. It is a native of Chiapas, one of the Mexican States, where it grows in pine-forests, and is therefore probably hardy; and it may perhaps be suited for bedding-out plants, where deep-blue flowers are in much re- quest. Imported into Europe by Mr. Linden, to whom we owe our living plants at Kew. Fig. 1. Side view of a flower. 2. Calyx and pistil. 3. Inner base of the corolla, laid open, showing the stamens. 4. Ovary, and swollen glandular disk :— all magnified. ae ee os tet TAs. 5275. GONATANTHUS sarMEnTosvus. Sarmentose Gonatanthus. Nat. Ord. ARompE®.—Mone@cia POLYANDRIA. Gen. Char. Spathe tubus brevissimus, persistens, apice contractus, et lamine pars subsequens ventricosa quoque apice constricta, geniculatim cum reliqua la- mina elongato-lanceolata hiante confluentes. Spadix exappendiculatus, brevis, ad spathe geniculum tantum productus, inferne in tubo proprio spathe ovariis obsitus, superne in laminge ima ventricosa dense synantheris tectus, parte media subnudus vel synandrodiis depressissimus ornatus. Ovaria astyla, placenta fun- difixa pluriovulata, ovulis in funiculo longulo decurvo erectis. Stigma depresse hemisphericum. Synandria longe stipitata, loculis vertice aperientibus. Bacce tubo spathe a basi discedente et lateraliter aperiente primum obvallatz, lutez, diu sistentes. Semina orthotropa, longe funiculata, conico-ovoidea, epidermide succulenta crassa lutea obducta, esta ferruginea, verruculosa. Schott. GONATANTHUS sarmentosus. GonaTANTHUS sarmentosus. Link, Kl. e¢ Otto, Ic. Plant. Rar. Berl. p. 33. t. 14. Schott, Prodr. Syst. Aroid. p. 142. CALADIUM sarmentosum. Fisch. MS. This pretty Aroideous plant was separated from the genus Caladium, to which Dr. Fischer had referred it, by Dr. Klotzsch, under the name of Gonatanthus, derived from the geniculated character of the tube of the spatha; and adopted by Schott in his valuable works on Aroidee. As yet, however, the present species alone is certainly known to belong to it; and this is a native of the Khasia and Himalaya Mountains, having been de- tected there by Baron Hugel, and Drs. Hooker and Thomson. Two dubious species, imperfectly noticed by Schott, are @.? or- natus, Schott, also from Khasia (Hooker fil. and Thomson), and G. Grifithii, Schott (Arum, Sp. Griff. Notule,v. 3. p. 144, Icones, v. 3. t. 164), gathered in Burmah by Griffith. Our plants, re- ceived from the Berlin Garden, flowered in the stove in May. Descr. Nostem. Root, or tuberous rhizome, sparsely fibrous, OCTOBER IsT, 1861. frequently sending out s¢o/ones, which bear sheathing scales, and sometimes clusters of bulbs, which terminate in one to three long slender filaments. These stolones are probably more freely pro- duced from non-flowering plants. Our own plants have not yet produced these: the former are represented by Klotzsch, .c.; the latter in Schott’s ‘Genera Aroidearum,’ t. 39. Leaves ovate, . very acute, six to ten inches long, cordato-ovate, dark green above, pale beneath, entire, penniveined, with slender: veinlets between, which meet and anastomose slightly: there is also an intramarginal veinlet. Petiole longer than the leaf, peltately inserted at some distance from the base. Spatha pedunculate, tawny-yellow, a span to a foot long, subulato-lanceolate, convo- lute, the very base tumid, then bent at an angle (geniculated), above that also tumid, but partially open, so as to expose to view the apex of the spadix. Spadir short, an inch and a half long, . clavate, the base beset with pzstils, the slender portion with im- perfect anthers, the clubbed apex with perfect anthers of a purple colour, each opening by four pores. Fig. 1. Spadix, removed from the spatha. 2. Anther. 3. Transverse section of ditto. 4. Pistil. 5. Transverse section of the ovary. 6. Vertical section of the same :—more or less magnified. J276 itch, del et Lith WF Brooks, imp Tas. 5276. IMPATIENS Fuaccrpa. Soft-leaved Balsam. Nat. Ord. BaALSAMINE#®.—PENTANDRIA MoNOGYNIA. Gen. Char. Calycis pentaphylli colorati foliola ineequalia, posticum maximum, basi calcaratum, lateralia minora, antica minima vel obsoleta. Corolle petala 5, hypogyna, calycis foliolis alterna, anticum maximum, suborbiculato-concavum, postica cum lateralibus minoribus per paria connata. Stamina 5, hypogyna, petalis alterna, ovarium arcte cingentia ; filamenta superne coalita; anthere in- trorse, biloculares, subconnate, longitudinaliter dehiscentes vel infra apicem subtransversim rupte. Ovarium sessile, oblongo-pentagonum v. teretiusculum, quinqueloculare. Ovu/a in loculis plurima vel pauca, angulo centrali superpo- sita, inserta, uniseriata. Stigma sessile, quinquedentatum vel quinquefidum. Capsula oblonga, pentagona v. teretiuscula, superne uni-, inferne quinque-locu- laris, loculicide quinquevalvis; valvis medio semiseptiferis, a columna_persis- tente elastice dissilientibus, szepissime septicide bifidis, ab apice ad basim in- volutis, v. sursum revolutis, endocarpio cartilagineo. *Semina in loculis plurima v. pauca, rarissime abortu solitaria, inversa. Hmbryonis exalbuminosi ortho- tropi cotyledones plano-convexe ; radicula obtusa, supera.—Herbee sepissime annua, in Asia Orientali tropica et subtropica copiose, in Capite Bone Spei, America Boreali, Europa et Asia temperata rare ; foliis alternis, oppositis v. ter- natis, lineari- vel lato-lanceolatis, serratis v. dentatis, rarissime omnibus radicali- bus longe petiolatis, exstipulatis ; pedunculis avillaribus, solitariis 0. aggregatis, - vel plurifloris. Endl. Impatiens flaccida ; glabra herbacea, foliis alternis tenuiter membranaceis longe petiolatis elliptico-oblongis acuminatis basi in petiolum attenuatis crenato- serratis, petiolis parce glanduloso-setigeris, pedicellis solitariis binisve fili- formibus folio brevioribus, sepalis lateralibus oblongo-lanceolatis anteriore plus duplo brevioribus, posteriore petalis subzequali, calcare filiformi (medio _ crassiore ?) apice attenuato flore subduplo longiore, capsula elliptico-oblonga basi et apice attenuata glabra. Arn. ImpaTIens flaccida. Arn. Ind. Bals. in Hook. Comp. to Bot. Mag. v. 1. p. 32. Walp. Repert. Bot. v. 1. p. 468. Hook. fil. et Thoms. Balsamin. in Journ. of Linn. Soc. 1860, p. 134. Thwaites, En. Pl. Zeylan. p. 65. : Impatiens pulcherrima. Dalz. in Bot. Mag. t. 4615? Impatiens latifolia, var.? Linn, Sp. Pl. p. 1828. An Wail. Cat. n. 4737 A? (Hook. fil. et Thoms.). Impatiens lucida. Wall. Cat. n. 4738 (Herb. Henslow). A lovely species, of a most lovely and, as now known to us, very extensive genus, especially abounding in tropical India. Linneeus, in 1764, enumerated seven species as all that were OCTOBER IsT, 1861], known to botanists. De Candolle, so late as 1824, in his ‘ Pro- dromus,’ has only recorded thirty-one species, including Bal- samina, now universally united with Jmpatiens. Dr. Arnott, scarcely ten years later, added twenty new species from India alone. Drs. Hooker and Thomson, in their valuable ‘‘ Preecur- sores ad Floram Indicam, in the fourth volume of the Journal of the Proceedings of the Linnzan Society,” have described ninety- six inhabiting India. It is true the characters are mostly drawn from dried specimens, and it must be confessed that the flowers of the Balsaminee suffer much by the process of drying for the herbarium. It is this circumstance which renders it so dif- ficult to ascertain whether the present plant be a form of Lin- neus’s J. latifolia, as intimated by Thwaites and Hooker fil. and Thomson, or not. Even with the opportunity of examining. living specimens, so variable are many of the Balsams, that Dr. Hooker hesitates whether to consider the Zmpatiens pulcherrima of Dalzell in this work (/.c.) identical with our present species. - It is indeed a very near ally, if not specifically the same; but, as Dr. Hooker observes, the latter is altogether a larger plant, the flowers much paler in colour, and with more of the lilac tint, the fructiferous pedicels are erect, the stem and petioles green, not a fine purple, as in our J. flaccida. I. flaccida is a native of Ceylon, at elevations upon the moun- tains of from 4000 to 6000 feet, collected by Mrs. General Walker, Gardener, and Thwaites. A variety with slightly hairy pedicels and capsules, is considered to be a native of the Malay Islands and Moulmein ; and if Dalzell’s Z. pulcherrima be the same, it is found in the Concan and perhaps other parts of the Madras peninsula. 7 W Fitch del. et ith, Vincent Brooks, imp: Tap. 5277. SPIRANTHES cernva. Drooping-flowered Spiranthes. * Nat. Ord. OrcHIDEZ.—GYNANDRIA MONANDRIA. Gen. Char. Perianthium ringens. Sepala lateralia labello supposita, basi ob- liqua et in ovarium_decurrentia; dorsale petalis subglutinatum. Ladellum pe- dipreducte columne affixum, unguiculatum, raro sessile, oblongum, spius apice dilatatum, nunc trilobum, semper cad/is duobus infra medium instructum, column adpressum, eique marginibus inflexis arcte adherens. Columna basi arcuata et ovarii apicem oblique terminans, in pede producta, teres; stigmate ovato, in rostellum acuminatum, demum bifidum, aut obtusum, emarginatum, raro corneum, indivisum producto. Anthera dorsalis acuminata vel obtusa, nune membrana apiculata, bilocularis ; clinandrio utrinque membranaceo marginato. Pollinia 2, pulverea, bipartita; glandule communi oblonge aftixa.—Herbe, utringue orbis, terrestres, sepius parviflore et glanduloso-pubescentes ; radicibus fasciculatis. Folia radicalia, nune caulescentia, textura Orchidis, nunc omnino deficientia. Flores spicati, spirales. Lindl. SPIRANTHES cernua ; tuberibus elongatis fasciculatis, foliis radicalibus spathulato- lanceolatis obscure 3-5-nerviis patentibus, caulinis sensin minoribus lanceo- latis basi vaginatis, spica oblonga densa multiflora, bracteis flores zequanti- bus, floribus trifariam spiraliter tortis, sepalis pubescenti-glandulosis in unum ovatum cucullatum coherentibus petala oblongo-spathulata includen- tibus, labello oblongo obscure trilobo basi biglanduloso, lobo medio lato sinuato reflexo, columna ovata birostrata basi glanduloso-barbata, ovario pyriformi triquetro glanduloso. SprrantueEs cernua. Rich. Orchid. Annot. p. 37. Hook. Fl. Bor. Am. v. 2. p. 202. Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 823. Gen. et Sp. Orchid. p. 467. Babington in Trans. Linn. Soc. v. 19. p. 262. ¢. 32. Asa Gray, Man. Bot. N. U. St. Illustr. p. 448. Elliott, Fl. of 8. Carolina, v. 2. p. 492. Chapman, Fl. 8. U. St. p. 402. Torrey, Fl. of N. York, p. 283. Tab. 129. : Opurys cernua. Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 1340. Neortra cernua. Willd. Sp. Pl. v. 4. p. 15. Sims, Bot. Mag. t. 1568. Sweet, . Brit. Fl. Gard. v. 1. p. 42. Hook. et Arn. Brit. Flora, ed. 7. p. 430. Neortra gemmipara. Sm. Eng. Fl. v. 4. p. 36. Engl. Bot. Suppl. t. 2786. SPIRANTHES gemmipara. Lindl. Syn. Br. Fl. p. 257.° Hook. et Arn. Brit. Fl. ed. 8. p. 431. Reichenb. Orchid. in Fl. Germ. t. 477. f. t. (copied from Engl. Bot.) Perhaps no Orchideous plant has remained so long ina state of OCTOBER lst, 1861. doubt and uncertainty as the Neoftia gemmipara of Sir James Smith. It was discovered rather more than half a century ago, that is, in August 1810, “near Castletown, opposite to Bear- haven, on the northern side of Bantry Bay, county of Cork, Ire- land,” by Mr. James Drummond, at that time Curator of the Cork Botanic Garden, and the same who so eminently distin- guished himself by his botanical researches in Western Australia, We are not aware that another European locality has ever been detected. Strange-to say, it appears to have attracted no public attention till 1828, when Sir James Smith described it in his Eng- lish Flora, v. 4. p. 36, under the name of Weottia gemmipara, sO called from some “buds, destined to flower the following year, formed among the. leaves at the bottom of the flower-stalk.” Lindley, in his ‘Synopsis to the British Flora,’ referred the plant correctly to Spiranthes, preserving the specific name, and sanctioning the species. A very unsatisfactory figure appeared in 1834, in the Supplement to‘ English Botany,’ t. 2786, from an imperfectly developed and probably dried specimen. In 1844, Mr. Babington read an excellent paper “ On the Weottia gem- mipara of Smith” to the Linnzean Society. In the preparation of that memoir, that gentleman consulted the Hookerian Her- barium, and I directed his attention to my numerous specimens of the North American Spiranthes cernua (Ophrys, L.), as pro- bably identical with our Irish plant ; and the result of his exami- nation confirmed that opinion, and, as I had hoped, settled the question. Dr. Lindley, however, in a very able paper, read be- fore the Linnean Society in 1857, controverted this opinion, alluding to its close affinity with S. Romanzofiana* (so near that they may possibly be identical), retaining it however as a dis- tint species, peculiar to the south-east of Ireland, under the ori- ginal name, gemmipara, observing, that “we must require very strong proof that a plant hitherto unknown, except in the south- east of Ireland, is the same as a common North American species.” In reference to this remark, I may observe, that Najas flewilis, a plant “ common in ponds and slow streams in * With regard to the Spiranthes Romanzoffiana, in point of locality, it may be - ranked with what has been hitherto known of the S. gemmipara, that is, that only one station has been recorded for it, and only one person has been fortu- nate enough to see it, growing “in alveo turfoso convallium infimorum insule Unalashee,” and that is Von Chamisso himself, to whom I am indebted for well- dried specimens. I could not undertake from them to say whether the plant be specifically distinct ‘or not. They are smaller than S. cernua, and of much less robust habit ; the flowers are still smaller in proportion, and narrower, more cy- lindrical, and the bracteas always much exceed the flowers in length. Ledebour, indeed, observes, “ Habitus ob spice densitatem et. bractearum magnitudinem in hoe genere maxime singularis.” Reichenbach’s three figures (7.c.) are very satis- factory representations of the natural size: but the analysis, being all done from the dried, cannot perhaps be so much depended upon, the States and Canada, but which is exceedingly scarce in Eu- rope,” was discovered by Professor Oliver to be a native of Connemara, Ireland; and Lriocaulon septangulare, peculiar in Kurope to the west of Ireland and of Scotland, is abundant in North America. Such views, entertained by so distinguished a botanist as Dr. Lindley, led Mr. Bentham, Dr. Hooker, and myself, to a further examination of the Spcranthes in question, on my receiving some living native specimens last year by the kindness of Lord Bandon. The result is, that the Irish S. gem- mipara and the North-American S. cernua are identical in all particulars, as the accompanying figures of the Irish plant will testify. in North America 8. cernua has a most extensive range. I possess numerous specimens from Newfoundland in the east, on the mainland through the whole plains of the Saskatchawan, and the Lake of the Woods; across the Rocky Mountains to British Columbia and Vancouver’s Island ; from all the northern and middle United States; and it is recorded in the Floras of South Carolina and Georgia, and of the Southern States ge- nerally. If 8. Romanzofiana should prove to be identical with S. cernua, then its north geographical limit is Unalashka, in the Russian dominions, but geographically pertaining to America. Tab. 5277. Spiranthes cernua, Rich., drawn from a living plant from Ireland. Fig. 1. Side, and fig. 2. front view of a flower. 3. Flower, from which the se- pals and petals are removed. 4. Column, with anther, and base of the labellum, 5. View of column, from above. 6. Column, seen from beneath. 7. Side view ofacolumn, 8 and 9, Pollen-masses :—al/ more or less magnified. Tas. 5278. STANHOPEA Bucepuauus. Bull-horned Stanhopea. Nat. Ord. OrcHIDE%.—GyNANDRIA MONANDRIA. _ Gen. Char. Perianthium membranaceum, patentissimum, reflexum. Sepala libera, subundulata, mole sua ruentia. Petala conformia, angustiora. Labellum liberum, anticum; dimidio superiore (epichilio) convexo, inferiore (hypochilio) excavato. Columna longissima, petaloideo-marginata. Anthera bilocularis. Pol- linia 2, elongata, fissa, caudicula cum glandula biloba stipitata breviore.—Epi- phyte pseudobulbose. Folia plicata. Scapi radicales, vaginati, paucifiori. Flores maximi, magis minusve maculati. Lindl. Stannopea Bucephalus; bracteis ovario subzequalibus, hypochilio unguiculato cymbiformi antice intruso apice carnoso aperte sulcato mutico basi longe angustato ecorni intus levi extus bicarinato, epichilio subrotundato-ovato cuspidato integro breviore, cornibus gracilibus teretibus brevioribus,-columna basi angustissima sursum alata. Lindl. Stannorea Bucephalus. Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orchid. n.2. Bot. Reg. 1843, sub t. 44, et v. 31. t. 24. EPmpeNnpDRvM grandiflorum. Humb. et Bonpl. Pl. Aquinoct. p. 94, t. 27. ANGULOA grandiflora. Humb. Bonpl. et Kth. Nov. Gen. et Sp. Am. v. 1. p. 345. This is perhaps the richest-coloured of all the species of the fine genus Stanhopea, having the ground-colour of a rich tawny- orange, marked with deep blood-coloured spots; it yields, too, : like so many other of its congeners, a powerful fragrance, which — would certainly be too strong for the drawing-room. ‘To this — species, no doubt, Dr. Lindley properly refers the Hpidendrum grandifiorum of the Pl. Aiquinoct. (Anguloa, H. B. K.), though - in his Gen. et Sp. Orchid. he had considered that plant as sy- nonymous with my S. insignis (Bot. Mag. t. 2948, 2949). Its nearest affinity is doubtless with S. oculata (Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1800), not yet figured in this work, “from which it differs in the form of the lip, and especially in the very short ovaries.” The species is a native of Ecuador, and was first detected by NOVEMBER lst, 1861. Humboldt and Bonpland at Cuenca. Hartweg found it at Paccha, a small village in the Andes, on the ascent from Guaya- quil to Loxa, at an elevation of 6000 feet above the level of the sea, and by him it was sent to the Royal Horticultural Society of London, and secured to our orchid-houses. It flowered with us in August of the present year. Fig. Column and lip,—slightly magnified. Tas. 5279. VACCINIUM Imrayt. Dr. Inray’s Vaccinium. Nat. Ord. VaccintAacE&.—OcTANDRIA MoNnoGyNIA. Gen. Char. Calyx ovario adnatus ; limbo libero 4—5-partito, rarius subintegro, partitionibus dentiformibus: Corolla campanulata aut urceolata, limbo 4-5-fido. Stamina libera, corolle lobis numero dupla, partim ima basi corolle, partim limbo calycis inserta. Anthere bdiloculares, bitubulose, dorso biaristate aut muticee, antice ad apicem tantum dehiscentes. Stylus erectus, strictus. Stigma truncatum. Germen inferum, disco epigyno plano aut convexo, levo, limboque calycino coronatum, 4-5-loculare, Joculis multiovulatis. - Baeca pulposa aut exsucca, calycis limbo vestita, subglobosa, 4—5-locularis, Joculis oligo- aut poly- spermis. Semina parva, subangulata, fusca aut flavida—Frutices aué suffrutices. Folia sparsa, caduca aut persistentia. Flores awillares, solitarii, gemini, terni, Jasciculati aut racemosi. Corolle albide (virescentes) aut coceinee. Klotzsch. . Vaccinium (§ Scytanthemum) Jmrayi; fruticosum glaberrimum, foliis brevi- petiolatis sempervirentibus ovatis acuminatis integerrimis vel obsolete ser- ratis penninerviis, corymbis multifloris axillaribus vel terminalibus, floribus lutescenti-viridibus, calycibus 5-6-dentatis, corollis crassissimis 5-6-fidis, laciniis ovatis erectis, marginibus involutis, antheris muticis. Vaccinium Imrayi. Hook. Ic. Plant. Rar. v. 3. t. 292. Walp. Repert. v. 2. p. 123; Annal. v. 2.p.1100. Klotzsch in Linnea, v. 24. p. 61. This is a remarkable-looking Vaccinium, native of the island of Dominica (not “St. Domingo,” as stated by mistake by Dr. Klotzsch), and was sent to our garden, along with good speci- mens for the herbarium, by Dr. Imray of that island, its dis- coverer. Dr. Klotzsch, in his memoir on the Linnean class Bicornes, published in the ‘ Linnea,’ /. ¢., has deemed it worthy to form a section or group of the genus Vacciniwm to which he has given the name Scytanthemum. It is a handsome evergreen shrub, two and a half to three feet high, with glossy coriaceous leaves, often three inches long. The flowers are large for the genus, and remarkable for their uniform yellow-green colour, unusual in this genus, and for the very carnoso-coriaceous tex- NOVEMBER lst, 1861. ture of the corollas. These flowers form rather compact termi- nal or lateral leafy corymds. Six is the ordinary number of divisions in the flower. The stamens and style are included. The anthers are of an orange-colour, muticous, upon broad fila- ments. Fig. 1. Flower. 2. Pistil:—slightly magnified. 3. Two of the stamens,— more magnified, = ta ® Tan. 5280. PECGINGLA | upcusas. Royal Higginsia. Nat. Ord. Rustacem (HEepDyoT1pEx),.—TeETRANDRIA Monoeynia. Gen. Char. Calycis tubus brevis, obovatus ; limbus ad basin 4-dentatus, persis- tens. Corolla infundibuliformis, subcampanulata, tubo brevi, limbo 4-partito patente, fauce nuda. Stamina medio tubo inserta, filamentis brevibus, antheris ovatis inclusis. Stigmata 2, exserta. Bacca oblonga, subtetragona, bisulca, bilo- cularis, calyce coronata. Placenta septo adnate. Semina in loculo quoque plu- rima, parva, aptera.—Suffrutices 3-4-pedales, ramis obtuse tetragonis. Folia opposita aut verticillata, obovata aut oblonga, acuta. Stipule utringue solitaria, parce, acute, decidue. Pedunculi avxillares, racemosi, pedicellis brevibus, unila- teralibus. Corolle rudbentes. De Cand. : Hiee@insta regalis ; fruticosa robusta, ramis subsucculentis obtuse tetragonis, foliis rotundato-ovatis subcoriaceis acuminatis integerrimis subarcte plicato- penninerviis glabris nitidis atro-viridibus subtus purpureo-rubris, stipulis triangularibus deciduis, floribus aggregatis subsessilibus. CampyLozorrys regalis. Hort. Belg. In 1850 we received from Paris, and published at Tab. 4530 of this work, a South American plant under the name of Cam- pylobotrys discolor, and not being able then to refer it with cer- tainty to any known Rubiaceous genus, we retained the name as we received it, and drew up a character as well as our ma- terials would permit. Since that has appeared, our friend Mr. Planchon has referred the Campylobotrys discolor to Higginsia (see Walpers’s Annales Bot. Syst. v. 2. p. 792), and probably cor- rectly so. We have now, from Mr. Linden, of the Belgian Gar- dens, received the beautiful plant here figured, with the name of “ Campylobotrys regalis,’ but unfortunately with no mention of its native country nor indication of its being anywhere described or published. No plant better deserves to be known or is better worthy of cultivation in the stove. As it is evidently of the same genus as the Higginsia discolor of Planchon, we transfer it thither, only lamenting we have so little of its history to give. NOVEMBER lst, 1861. True, the zame appears in Linden’s Catalogue, n. 15, 1860, p. 3, but the notice accompanying it only relates to the beauty of the individual :—* Cette plante merveilleuse est considérée comme une de nos meilleures introductions, et ce n’est pas peu de dire, lorsqu’on cite parmi celles-ci des plantes comme le Cya- nophyllum magnificum, \e Begonia Rex, le Gesneria cinnabarina, etc. Nous ne craignons méme pas d’étre taxé d’exagération en affirmant que ce Campylobotrys éclipse le Cyanophyllum mag- nificum \oi-méme, par la beauté extraordinaire des feuilles, que nous ne saurions mieux comparer qu’a celles des plus splendides Anechtochilus.”—It blossomed in our stove in August, 1861, but the flowers are very unattractive as compared with the foliage. We have species of Higginsia, in our herbarium, from New Grenada, but none that exactly corresponds with it. Fig. 1. Flower. 2. Corolla, laid open. 3. Calyx and pistil:—all. slightly magnified, D287. W Fitch del et lith Vincent Brooks, mp. Tas. 5281. ECHINACEA ancusTIFOLIA. Narrow-leaved Echinacea. Nat. Ord. Compostt#.—SyNGENESIA FRUSTRANEA. Gen. Char. Capitulum multiflorum, heterogamum ; fl. radii neutris, longe ligu- latis, 1-serialibus ; disci hermaphroditis, regulariter 5-fidis ; ¢udo subnullo, fauce nuda; limbi dentibus erectis. Involucrum 3-seriale, squamis lanceolatis ciliat‘s. Receptaculum ovatum ; paleis rigidis, superne cartilagineis ; flores disci superan- tibus onustum. Séaminum filamenta ex ima corolla orta. Styli rami appendi- culis semilanceolatis superati. Achenia tetragona, obpyramidata, crassa, pappo irregulariter lacero subcoroniformi decidue coronata.—Herbe Boreali- Americane, perennes. Folia radicalia petiolata, caulina alterna, sessilia, serrata aut integerrima. Rami superne nudi, monocephali. Capitula ampla ; ligulis purpureis, 2-3-dentalis, — 1-2 poll. longis ; fl. disci obscure virescentibus. De Cand. Ecurnacea angustifolia ; foliis omnibus lineari-lanceolatis hispidis integerrimis, radicalibus longe petiolatis 3-nerviis, caulinis sessilibus. Ecutnacea angustifolia. De Cand. Prodr. v. 5. p. 354. Asa Gray, Man. of Bot. Illust. p. 214, Chapman, Fl. of the Southern United States, p. 226. The genus, like Rudbeckia, with which it was associated by Linneus and the older botanists (having been separated by Meench), is peculiar to the Southern United States, scarcely ad- - vancing so far south as Mexico proper. The present species has — perhaps its northern limit:in Iowa, Illinois, and Wisconsin. Ber- landier first detected it near Austin, in Texas, and his specimens are described by De Candolle. Our living plant was sent to us by Mr. Leeds, of Manchester, having been reared by Mr. Ross, of Smedley, near that town, from seeds collected by Mr. Bourne in Iowa. The numerous long purple rays (and they vary from fourteen to twenty, the whole flower measuring nearly six inches across) recommends the plant for cultivation in tufts, in mixed flower- borders. The height is two to three feet; the stem simple, par- tially clothed with long, soft, spreading hairs ; flowers solitary, the stalk is swollen just beneath the capitulum. Zzvolucre with spreading scales. Corollas of the ray quite sterile: ligule very NOVEMBER Ist, 1861. long, purple-rose. Florets of the disk perfect, concealed by the numerous pungent scales of the receptacle (whence the generic name, éyivos, a hedgehog), which are rigid, green, lanceolate, tinged with red and terminated by a black rigid spine. Corolla tubular, five-toothed ; stamens included. Style exserted. Ovary oblong, crowned with a toothed cup-shaped margin. It flowered with us in the open air in July. Fig. 1. Floret of the ray, with one of its scales. 2. Floret of the disk, with its scale. 3. Scale of the receptacle :—all more or less magnified. Tas. 5282. PHYLLAGATHIS rorunpiroita. Round-leaved Phyllagathis. Nat. Ord. MeLastomacem.—OcTanpria Monocynta. Gen. Char. Flos 4-merus. Calycis oblongo-campanulati Zimbus membrana- ceus, obtuse 4-lobus ; Jodis dorso denticulum externum, cuspidatum, apice 3—4- setosum, inferne in nervum abeuntem, gerentibus. Petala ovato-elliptica aut obovata, apiculata. Stamina 8, equalia aut subsequalia ; antheris nonnihil re- curvis, a basi ad apicem gradatim attenuatis ideoque subulatis, poro minutissimo apertis ; connectivo infra loculos nullo, postice ad basin vix conspicue incrassato. Ovarium toto ambitu adherens, apice membrana libera styli basim cingente coro- natum, 4-loculare. Placente lamelloso-cuneiformes, margine libero incrassate, multiovulate. Stylus filiformis, gracilis, stigmate punctiformi. Fructus (ex aue- toribus) baccatus, quadrilocularis. Semina ignota.—Frutex subherbaceus, Suma- tranus, macrophyllus ; foliis longe petiolatis, oppositis, subrotundis, apiculatis, basi subcordatis, margine tenuiter et obsolete sinuato-denticulatis aut subintegerrimis, 7-9- nerviis, viz non glabris; petiolis sparsim pilosis; floribus in capitula axillaria pedunculata dense congestis ; bracteis coloratis, late cordatis, involucratis, pur- purascentibus. Naudin. PHYLLAGATHIS rotundifolia ; foliis subrotundis glabris discoloribus subtus fer- rugineo-lepidotis, floribus in capitulis involucratis congestis. PHYLLAGATHIs rotundifolia. Blume, in Nat. Wet. v. 6. p. 2491; et in Regensb. Bot. Zeit. 1831, v. 2. p. 5071. Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. p. 12. Korthals in Verh. Nat. Gesch. Bot. p. 252. t. 57. MeLastoma rotundifolium. Jack in Linn. Trans.v. 14. p.11. De Cand. Prodr- Syst. Veget. v. 3. p. 149. t. 45. ° This is another.of the many plants which we owe to the Malay Islands, whose charms depend more on the rich colour of the foliage than on the beauty of the flowers, though, in the present instance, we have there colour also ; but it is outdone by the rich tints of the leaves, both above and below, and the plaited cha- racter of the latter, with their strong shadows and reflected lights. It was first detected in moist woods of the Musi country, in the interior of Sumatra, and described by our lamented country- man Dr. Jack, in his very valuable memoir on ‘The Malayan Species of Melastoma,’ published in the Linnzean Society’s Trans- actions, Zc. ‘I'he Dutch appear, at a later period, to have in- NOVEMBER Ist, 1861. troduced living plants to our gardens, where they are much prized. They flower with us in July. If any figure or recent account of it has appeared in the Continental journals, I have failed to find such; but it must be confessed that either the Continental or our own booksellers keep us sadly behind in the matter of periodical scientific-publications. Descr. Stem short, thick, perennial, but rather herbaceous than woody, rooting at intervals, four-sided, dark-purple. Leaves approximate, orbicular-ovate, six inches and more long, by four and a half broad, suddenly acuminulate, the margin denticulate, traversed longitudinally by ten strong ribs, prominent beneath ; plaited, above deep, rich, glossy metallic-green, partially reddish, beneath bright-red and furfuraceous: the longitudinal ribs are united by curved veins ; petioles rather long, thick, dark-purple. Peduncle short, thick, terminal, and axillary, bearing a capitulum of numerous flowers, ingluded in a large involucre of five or six subrotundo-ovate, dark-purple scales. //owers sometimes tri- merous, sometimes tetramerous; the rest as in the generic character. | Fig. 1. Flower. 2. Flower, with the petals removed. 3. Stamens:—all more or less magnified. Vincent, Brooks, imp Tas. 5283. | RHODANTHE Manotesn, var. sanguinea. Mangles’ Rhodanthe, blood-coloured var. Nat. Ord. Composit#.—SyNGENESIA AUQUALIS. Gen. Char. Capitulum multiflorum, homogamum. Jnvolucrum turbinatum, im- bricatum ; sgvamis membranaceis, ovatis, acutis, externis argenteis bracteiformibus secus pedicellum, mediis appressis, intimis patentibus stellatis roseis. Recepta- culum nudum. Corolle quinquefide. Achenia erostria, lanata. Pappus uni- serialis, plumosus, setis distinetis. —Herba Novo-Hollandica, annua, erecta, ramosa, glabra. Folia amplexicaulia, oblonga, obtusa, integra. Capituia terminalia, soli- taria, ex involucro pulchre roseo elegantissima. De Cand. RuopantuE Manglesii. RHODANTHE Manglesii. Lindl. Bot.Reg.t.1703. Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 3483. Don, Brit. Gard. ser. 2. t. 295. De Cand. Prodr. v. 6. p. 159. Lehm. Enum. Pl. Preiss. v. 1. p. 447. Paxton, Mag. of Bot. v. 3. p. 173. Fl. des Serres, ‘v. 6. p. 622. Var. sanguinea ; floribus eximie purpureo-sanguineis, disco atro-sanguineo. (TaB. Nostr. 5283.) RHODANTHE sanguinea. Hort. Beautiful assuredly as this plant is, and different as is the colour of the flowers, especially of the disk, from the R. Man- glesit (which has a rose-coloured ray and a yellow disk), and al- though it is cultivated as a distinct species under the name of Rhodanthe sanguinea in gardens, I can only offer it as a variety of that plant. That however published in 1836 is a very unsa- tisfactory figure, and destitute of analysis, which we are happy to have the opportunity of giving here. The original Rhodanthe Manglesii is made great use of in our gardens, in masses, for the ornamenting of our flowerbeds ; and the present variety, whether mixed with that or kept separate, will prove a very valuable in- troduction. The genus belongs to a group of the Composite which, like the Xeranthemums are called ever/astings, for the dried specimens retain the beauty of colour in the flowers as in the live state; and the group in Australia is remarkable for the variation of colour in the same type. Only one species is yet known to us, native of Western Australia. DECEMBER Ist, 1861. Descr. Roof annual. Stem erect, one to one and a half foot high, moderately branched, terete. Leaves glaucous-green, ob- long, subacuminate, but obtuse at the apex, entire, upper ones cordato-acuminate, all amplexicaul at the base, penniveined, the surface dotted, from a number of little hollow pits, best seen under the microscope; veizs few, simple, almost parallel with the slender costa. /nflorescence corymboso-paniculate ; peduncles and pedicels slender, the latter especially, bracteated with small scales, which become narrower under the capitulum, where they are scariose, oblong, and form the turbinate znvolucre. Corollas in this variety all rich purple blood-colour, deeper in the disk. Fig. 1. Portion of a leaf, showing the pits which give the dotted appearance to the surface. 2. Floret of the ray, 3, Floret of the disk. 4. Seta of the pappus :—all more or less magnified, 284 J t- W Fitch,del et lith. Vincent Brooks, mp Tas. 5284. BEGONIA Kunruiana. ‘Professor Kunth’s Begonia. Nat. Ord. Breconrace®.—Mone@cta PoOLYANDRIA. Gen. Char. (Vide supra, Tas. 4172.) Beconra Kunthiana ; fruticosa, erecta, glabra, caule succulento, foliis breviter petiolatis inzequilatero-lanceolatis oblongis acuminatis grosse dentatis, basi dimidiato-rotundatis levissime cordatis, supra saturate viridibus nitidis, subtus purpurascentibus, pedunculis axillaribus 2—3-floris, floribus magnis candidis, petalis florum masculorum exterioribus subrotundato-ovatis acuti- usculis, interioribus multo minoribus obovato-spathulatis, apice rotundatis, petalis florum fcemineorum 5 minoribus inzequalibus obovatis, ovarii trialati albidi alis rotundatis una paulo latiore. Waip. Brconra Kunthiana. Walp. Annal. Bot. Syst. v. 2. p. 650. Beeonra lucida. Kth. e¢ Bouch. Ind. Sm. in Hort. Berol. 1858; Coll. p. 16. nr. 30 (not of Otto and Dietr.). Garrpt1a Kunthiana. K/. in Walp. Annal. Bot. Syst. v. 4. p. 892. The Begonias are eminently beautiful, both in flower and in the leaf; the latter, especially, exhibit a richness and variety of colouring unequalled in almost any other genus of plants; and many new varieties of foliage are obtained by skilful management, which are now reckoned among the most charming of plants for stove cultivation, or, in summer, for a warm greenhouse. ‘The genus is most extensive, and comparatively little known, except from garden specimens, and these chiefly natives of South Ame- rica; for though natives of tropical and subtropical countries generally, cultivators have found it more easy to procure living plants from the Western world than from any other parts of the globe. The Berlin Garden has been long celebrated for its ex- tensive collections; and this circumstance, perhaps, led to the late Dr. Klotzsch publishing numerous figures, and a revision and new arrangement of all the species known to him, in his valuable ‘ Begoniaceen-Gattungen und Arten,’ with a great num- ber of excellent illustrative plates. Of his forty new genera, many of them, doubtless, insufficiently characterized, M. Al- DECEMBER l|sT, 1861. phonse De Candolle, in his ‘ Mémoire sur la Famille des Bégo- niacées’ (published in the Annales des Sci. Nat., 4th ser. vol. xi.), has restored a great number to the original Begonia. The pre- sent species is certainly 3 not among the least ornamental, and is a native of Venezuela and Caracas. We owe the possession of it to the Royal Garden of Berlin. Few species exceed this in the richness of the colour on the under side of the leaf, contrast- ing well with the dark glossy green of the upper, and in the size of the flower. Fig. 1. Immaturegapsule. 2. Transverse section of the same :—magnified. A> Witch dd.et lith. ie Tas. 5285. DENDROBIUM TRIADENIUM. Three-knobbed Dendrobium. Nat. Ord. OrncHIpE#®.—GyYNANDRIA MONANDRIA. Gen. Char. Sepala membranacea, erecta vel patentia, lateralibus majoribus obliquis, cum basi producta columnz connatis. Pefala sepalo supremo sepius majora, nunc minora, semper membranacea. Labellum cum pede columne arti- culatum vel connatum, semper sessile, indivisum vel trilobum, sepius membra- naceum, nunc appendiculatum. Columna semiteres, basi longe producta. dn- thera bilocularis. Pollinia 4, per paria collateralia.—Herbe epiphyte, nunc caulescentes, nunc rhizomate repente pseudobulbifero. Folia plana, sepius venosa. Flores solitarii, fasciculati, vel racemosi, speciosi. Lindl. Denprosrum (§ Onychium) ériadenium ; radicibus villosis, caulibus elongatis teretibus ramosis basi fusiformibus, foliis ovato-oblongis obtusis, panicula brevi terminali confertiflora racemosa, sepalis ovatis acutis, petalis labelloque oblongis undulatis rotundatis emarginatis hoc glabro utrinque unidentato, medio tuberculo tricrenato aucto, mento brevi obtuso, columna apice den- tata, stigmate villoso. Lindl. DENDROBIUM triadenium. Lindl. in Bot. Reg. 1846, sub t. 64, e¢ v. 33. ¢. 1. This agrees in all respects with the plant above referred to, and the figure there quoted, of Dr. Lindley, save in the absence of the rather deep rose-coloured maculz on the sepals and petals, of which but a faint tinge is here seen, and in the absence of the bright orange-colour at the tips of the glands on the labellum : it is therefore less ornamental. The species has been now long cultivated in our orchideous collections, and is supposed to be a native of the Malay Archipelago. Introduced by Messrs. Rol- lison, of Tooting. Flowers with us in September. Descr. Stems, rather than pseudobulbs, clustered, throwing out downy, fleshy, vermicular radicles, erect, ten inches to a foot or a foot and a half long, rather slender, jointed, striated, sheath ing, swollen upwards. eaves numerous, distichous, elliptical, sessile, subcordate at the base, thick, fleshy, very obtuse, gradu- ally smaller upwards. Panicle short, terminal, bearing about ten to twelve, moderately large, white flowers, more or less dis- DECEMBER lst, 1861. tinctly tinged with rose-colour. Sepals spreading, broad-oblong, obtuse. Pefals subrotundate, waved, also spreading. Lip longer than the sepals, broad-obcordate, narrowed at the base, three-lobed ; lateral lobes represented by a blunt tooth on each side, intermediate one large and broad, waved, rotundate, with a deep notch at the apex, and a raised crest of three ridges on the disk, near the base or claw, obtuse at the apex, thus imper- fectly representing three glands, whence the specific name; this crest is yellow, often orange, at the extremity. Spur short, ob- tuse. Column short, truncated and subcrenate at the apex, with a line of hairs in front. Fig. 1. Column, 2. Labellum :—magnified. 286. PN neg oD a Witch del eclith. Tas. 5286, VERTICORDIA nirens. Glistening Verticordia. Nat. Ord. Myrrace#z: Trib. 1; Coam#iaucie#, De Cand. PoLyaNDRIA [COSANDRIA. Gen. Char. Flos ante evolutionem Jracteis 2 liberis concretisve involucriformi- bus cinctus. Calycis Jobi in lobulos 5-7 palmatipartiti. Petala 5. Stamina 20, quorum 10 sterilia liguleeformia, 10 alterna fertilia, inter se zqualia. Stylus fili- formis, exsertus. Stigma barbato-plumosum. Ovarium uniloculare, ovula 5-6 centro adfixa erecta includens. Fructus l-spermus. Semen globosum.—Frutices Australasici, Pileanthi facie. Folia opposita, lineari-subtriquetra. Flores Jon- giuscule pedicellati, ex azillis supremis orti, in corymbos terminales dispositi. De Cand. VERTICORDIA mitens ; edifaibo composito multifloro condensato, tubo calycis turbinato glabro, lobis palmato-9-fidis, lobulis_pinnato-plumulosis, petalis subcartilagineis ovatis margine superiori inciso-fimbriatis, staminodiis line- ari-subulatis integerrimis, connectivo in galeam cristatam anthere imminen- tem extenso, stylo incluso imberbi, bracteolis muticis eaducis, foliis filiformi- teretibus oblique mucronatis patulis. Schau. VERTICORDIA nitens. Schauer, Monograph. Myrtac. Xerocarpic. p. 71.448. J. 1-5. CHRYSORRHOE nitens. Lindl. in Bot. Mag. Comp. v. 2. p. 357; and in App. to the Bot. Reg. t. 1. twenty years since a figure of this plant, made from a dried specimen sent from Western Australia by Cap- tain James Mangles, appeared in Dr. Lindley’s s ‘Sketch of the hee of the Swan River Botany,’ and was there described “the magnificent Chrysorrhoé nitens, whose yellow flowers, of metallic lustre, form masses of golden stars some feet in dia- meter.” Ever since, it has been the desire of nurserymen and others engaged in horticulture, to import this lovely plant; but, though seeds have been repeatedly sent, and to our garden amongst others, either they have not germinated, or died off before the flowering-time. At length the Messrs. Veitch, of the Exeter and Chelsea Nurseries, have succeeded in rearing and flowering this plant, in August, 1861, not, indeed, in the per- DECEMBER Ist, 1861. fection to which it attains in its native country; and we are in- debted to them for the specimen here figured. Descr. A twiggy shrub, very much branched, with opposite branches ; three to four feet high, corymbose at the top, so thick as to form, in its native country, a spreading mass of golden- yellow flowers, some feet in diameter: these flowers retain their colour and brilliancy when dry. Zeaves opposite or quaternate, linear-filiform, obtuse, about an inch long. Pedice/s slender, in- crassated a little upwards, above which, at the setting-on of the calyx-tube, is a scar, whence two; cucullate, dotted bracts have fallen. Calyx, with the tude turbinate: the Jims of five lobes, digitately divided into five or six or more, linear, long-ciliated segmenis. Petals five, broad, ciliate, dotted. | Stamens twenty ; ten sterile, short, and thread-like ; ten perfect, and twice as long. Anther very peculiar, two-celled, large, ovate, rostrate; at the base are two globose cells; these have a larger, cucullate, fleshy connectivum, which looks like a calyptra. Ovary one-celled, with two ovules : style from the centre of a depressed dish : stigma a mere point. ee eee Fig. 1. Leaf, with a small portion of a branch. 2. Bud, with its deciduous bracteas. 3. Bud, from which the bracts have fallen. 4. Fully expanded flower. 5. Calyx-lobe. 6. Petal. 7. Ovary, cut through vertically, with the style and portion of the stamens. 8. Perfect anther :—all more or less magnified, 5287 rns SIRS AEA 5 ei se Aa Vincent, Brooks; bmp Fitch delet lith W. it " Tas. 4287. ‘ VRIESIA xypuHostTacuys. Dagger-spiked Vriesia. Nat. Ord. BromeLiace£.—HeExanpria MonoGyNia. Gen. Char. Sepala tria, convoluta, qualia, petalis apice revolutis (an semper ?) breviora. Sguama, cuique petalo 2, semiadnate, indivisee. Stamina exserta, 3 libera, petalorum basi inserta, 3 inter petala inserta, iisque basi connata; anthere lineares, plane, posticee, Ovarium semi-inferum, conicum ; stigma 3-lobum ; lobis convolutis et sinuatis, villosis—Folia plana (sed canaliculata), erecta. Flores distichi, bracteis magnis canaliculatis coloratis. Lindl. Vriesia xyphostachys ; foliis e latissima basi longe subulatis canaliculatis atro- virentibus glaucis subfarinosis, seapo simplici rubro, spica lanceolata com- pressa e bracteis ovatis cymbiformi-carinatis densissime distiche imbricatis viridibus inferioribus coccineis flavo-variegatis, floribus longe exsertis cylin- draceis viridi-purpureis, filamentis intense purpureis longe exsertis stylo bre- vioribus, petalis esquamosis ? * I have already, elsewhere, expressed the difficulty I feel in clearly distinguishing Vriesia of Dr. Lindley, from Tillandsia. If our Vriesia glaucophylla, figured and described at Tab. 4415, be a true Vresia, this is unquestionably of the same genus, but — . easily distinguished from it by its smaller size and a darker-co- loured foliage, by the solitary spike of the scape, and the far more numerous, more carinated, and very compactly imbricated bracts of the spike, presenting as this latter does two very sharp edges. The flowers, too, are of a rich deep purplish-blue. It was re- ceived by us from tropical America, and it is believed from Brazil, and flowered in a moist stove in August, 1861. Dzscr. Stemless ; roof apparently a short, creeping caudex, or rhizome. Leaves radical, a span to a foot long, from a broad, amplexicaul, convex base, gradually tapering into a long, subulate _ ; 2 point, channelled, entire, dark glaucous-green ; the lower ones — purplish at the base. Scape a foot long, erect, bright-red, brac- teated with small, subulate, leaf-like, appressed sca/es, red at the — base, all red upwards, Spike singularly flattened, solitary, six _ peceMBer Ist, 1861. 4m : Pa inches long, one inch broad, formed of numerous, closely-placed, equitant, sharply cymbiform, carinated dracts ; thus the spike is sharply two-edged ; the bracts are green, becoming coloured, tinged with bright-yellow, and bright-red towards the base ; from — these equitant dracts one flower only opens at a time, and this — is exserted much beyond the point of the bract, subcylindrical, of a deep rich purple colour. Filaments of the purple stamens also are exserted beyond the petals, but are shorter than the style. Fig. 1. Entire flowers. 2. Single petal and stamen. 3. Pistil :—magnified. 3288.