CURTIS'S
BOTANICAL MAGAZINE,

COMPRISING THE

Plants of the Roval Gardens of Kew,

AND
OF OTHER BOTANICAL ESTABLISHMENTS IN GREAT BRITAIN,
WITH SUITABLE DESCRIPTIONS;

BY

SIR JOSEPH DALTON HOOKER, M.D., O.B., K.C.S.L,

F.BS., F.L.S., ETO.,

D.C.L. OXON., LL.D. CANTAB., CORRESPONDENT OF THE INSTITUTE OF FRANOB,

fi VOL. Say,
OF THE THIRD SERIES.
(Or Vol. CV. of the whole Work.)

RRAAAAO

“"No daintie flowre or herbe that growes on grownd,
No arborete with — sey pe yee ae
And smelling sweete, ere it mig :
To bud out faire, and throwe her sweete smels al around.” —Faerie Queene.

LONDON: ‘
L. REEVE anp CO., 5, HENRIETTA STREET, COVENT GARDEN.
1879.
[All rights reserved. }

Mo. Bot. Garden,
1897.

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TO

GEORGE KING, ESQ. MB, F.LS,,

SUPERINTENDENT OF THE ROYAL BOTANICAL GARDENS, CALCUTTA.

My par Kine,

Allow me the pleasure of dedicating this volume
to you, as the worthy successor to a position held by three
eminent Indian Botanists, Wallich, Thomson, and Anderson,
who have successively accepted similar tributes from the pens
of Editors of the Boranican Macaztne. Let me at the
same time record my sense of the active interest which you
have shown in the Royal Gardens of Kew, and in its offspring,
the present work; and of the value of your contributions to
it, to Horticulture, and to Botanical Science.

I am, my dear King,
Very sincerely yours,
_ J. D. HOOKER.
Royat Garpens, Kew,
Dec. 1st, 1879.

Day & Sou imp

}
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Vincent Brox

FEB. del IN Fitch lath

Tas. 6403,

BURBIDGEA nrripa.
Native of Borneo.

Nat. Ord. ZrnerpERacex.—Tribe Amom2,
Genus novum Bursincra, Hook, f.

Gen. Cuar.— Perianthium exterius (calyx) tubulosum, membranaceum, ore
truncato obscure 2-dentato; interius tubo gracili elongato; segmenta
3 exteriora patentia, postico orbiculato subacuto, lateralibus minoribus
elliptico-lanceolatis acuminatis ; interiora lateralia 0. Zabellum parvum,
erectum, anthere antepositum, stipite anther equilongo elongato, lamina
oblongo-quadrata petaloidea, basi cordata, apice 2-fida. Anthera lineari-
elongata, filamento brevi, connectivo in appendicem Janceolatam acutam
lamina labello inclusam producto. Ovarium subcylindraceum, 3-loculare ;
stylus filiformis, superne inter loculos anther» inclusus, stigmate breviter
exserto parvo obliqne truncato concayo; ovula in loculis numerosa, pla-
centis angulo interiori affixis inserta. Fructus elongatus, cylindraceus,
coriaceus, indehiscens, 1-locularis, polyspermus. Semina immatura axi
soluta 8-ptera inserta, erecta, fusiformia, arillo carnoso laciniato.—Herba
caulescens, Borneensis, habita Hedychii, rhizomate repente, caulibus 2-3-peda-
libus erectis fasciculatis. Folia alterna, subcarnosa, elliptico-lanceolata,
cordato-acuminata, utrinque nitida. Flores speciosi, in paniculas terminales
dispositi, aurantiaco-coccinei, odore zingiberaceo. Fructus 2-pollicaris.

B. natida, Hook. f.

This very beautiful plant is the type of an entirely new
genus, with the habit of Hedychium, but with the lip reduced
to a small stipitate blade, and with no lateral inner segments
of the perianth. Mr. F. W. Burbidge, who discovered it
when travelling in Borneo, for Messrs. Veitch, informs me
that it grows in shady forests of the Murut district in
N.W. Borneo, between the Lawas and Trusan rivers, at an
altitude of 1,000 to 1,500 feet, in spots where there is little
undergrowth ; and that it thrives best where the rhizomes
form matted masses on moist rocks covered with vegetable _
débris, producing ten to thirty slender flowering stems, rarely
exceeding ten feet high, and each bearing a panicle of twelve
to twenty flowers. The leaves are of a lively glossy green
on both surfaces, and serve to set off the rich orange-scarlet-
colour of the flowers. Mr. Burbidge further remarks that
it is very local in its distribution, he having found it only

JANUARY lst, 1879.

in one place, and that this restricted distribution is shared by
many other Bornean plants, especially aroids; so that ina
journey of even twenty miles one may pass through belt after
belt of different kinds of aroids, ferns, and orchids, just as
is the case in ascending a high mountain range. S

I have named this interesting discovery in recognition
of Mr. Burbidge’s eminent services to horticulture, whether
as a collector in Borneo, or as author of ‘ Cultivated Plants,
their Propagation and Improvement,’ a work which should
be in every gardener’s library. The drawing here given is
from a sketch by Mr. Burbidge, and the analyses are from
specimens which bloomed twice in Messrs. Veitch’s nursery
within a year after their introduction.

Duscr. Rootstocks creeping, matted. Stems tufted, two to
four feet high, slender, terete, leafy. Leaves four to six
inches long; sheaths subcylindric, with short rounded —
auricles ; blade four to six inches long, elliptic-lanceolate,
caudate-acuminate, rather fleshy, bright green above, glossy
on both surfaces. Panicle terminal, four to six inches long,
many-flowered; rachis and short pedicels glabrous. Outer
pertanth (calyx) a membranous tube, truncate and obscurely
two-toothed. Inner perianth-tube one to one and a half inch
long, slender, glabrous ; outer segments one and a half to two
inches in diameter, bright orange-scarlet ; dorsal almost
orbicular, subacute; two lateral elliptic-ovate, acuminate ;
inner lateral segment 0. Lvp small, erect, with a long stipes
and small oblong bifid petaloid blade, which embraces the
appendix of the anther. Anther linear-oblong, puberulous
at the back; connective produced into an erect lanceolate
acute appendage as long as the anther-cells, or longer. Ovary
pubescent, three-celled ; cells many-ovuled ; style slender,
upper part embraced by the anther-cells ; stigma somewhat
dilated, obliquely truncate, concave. Fruit slender, cylindric,
two to three inches long, coriaceous, indehiscent, one-celled
from the absorption of the septa. Seeds (unripe) fusiform,
erect, attached to a central free three-winged column ; aril
fleshy, laciniate, almost equalling the seed:—J. D. H.

Fig. 1. Flower ; 2, stamen and lip; 8 and 4, side and front view of anther;

5, limb of lip; 6, stigma; 7, outer perianth; 8, transverse section of ovary :—
all enlarged,

6404

ooks,Day & Son Jath

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pits

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AB el JNugent Fitch Lin.

Tas. 6404,

ESCALLONIA FrortpunDa.
Native of New Grenada.

Nat. Ord. Saxrrracem.—Tribe EscaLLoniER.

Genus Escatxonia, Linn. f.; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. i. p. 644).

Escattonia floribunda ; glaberrima, ramulis folisique junioribus viscosis, ramis
teretibus, foliis lineari- v. obovato-oblongis obtusis minutissime denticulatis
membranaceis lete viridibus subtus pallidis sparse minute furfuraceis v.
glaberrimis creberrime reticulatis, cymis pyramidatis terminalibus multifloris,
floribus albis 3-poll. diametro, calycis tubo obconico, limbo brevi 5-dentato,
dentibus latis brevibus, petalis obovato-spathulatis patenti-recurvis concavis,
filamentis robustis petala subequantibus, stylo robusto, stigmate capitato.

E. floribunda, Humb, Bonpl. et Kunth, Nov. Gen. et Sp. Amer. vol. iii. p. 297;
Kunth Synops. Plant. A2quinoct. vol. ii. p. 826; DC. Prod. vol. iv. p. 43,
Lodd. Bot. Cab.t. 1772; Reichb. Ic. Bot. Haot. t. 202.

E. montevidensis, DC. Prod. vol. iv. p. 4; Lindl. in Bot. Reg. t. 1467.
E. floribunda, var. montevidensis, Cham. et Schlecht, in Linnea, vol. i. p. 543.

E. bifida, Link et Otto, Ic. Pl. Hort. Berol. t. 23.

An ornamental free-flowering shrub, remarkable for its
very wide geographical range. It was discovered by Hum-
boldt and Bonpland in the Andes of New Grenada, at an
elevation of 8,400 feet, where it has since been collected by
the late Dr. Jameson, Purdie, Triana, and others; to the
northward it has been found in Venezuela, on the Silla of
Caraccas, at 2,500 to 4,000 feet, with smaller flowers than the
New Grenada form; and to the south in Peru, whence it
extends across the continent to the Rio Grande do Sul province
of Monte Video. The specimens from the latter country,
though originally described as a variety of floribunda by
Chamisso and Schlechtendal, were erected into a different
species by De Candolle, who was followed in ‘this respect by
Lindley. Of these authors De Candolle gives no distinctive
characters, and Lindley, who gives an excellent figure of the

JANUARY Ist, 1879.

Monte Video plant in the Botanical Register, depends for its dis-
tinctive characters on its absence of viscidity, terete branches,
larger fruit, more corymbose inflorescence, and longer calycine

teeth ; but these characters all seem to break down; Lindley
himself describes the leaves of the E. montevidensis as covered
with resinous dots beneath; the branches of E. floribunda are
quite round, its fruit varies in size, as do its corymbs, and the
calyx-teeth are identical in the two plants. The name of
L. bifida was given to a state with leaves accidentally
notched at the point. Both 2. floribunda and montevidensis
are cultivated in the open air at Kew, against a wall; of
these the former was received from Messrs. Smith, of
Worcester, and has been out for two years; the latter has
been for many years in cultivation, but does not flower so
freely : both flower in August.

Descr. A leafy evergreen bush or small tree, with suberect
cylindric branches, and rather viscid young branches and
leaves. Leaves two and a half to four inches long, elliptic
or linear- or obovate-oblong, obtuse, rarely acute, narrowed
into a slender petiole which varies from one quarter to three
quarters of an inch long, margin minutely crenulate, dark
green above, paler beneath with close reticulations and
resinous dots or sometimes minute scurfy resinous points.
Cymes terminal, pyramidal, much branched, three to five
inches long and broad, leafy below; bracts 0 or small and
linear; pedicels slender, one-sixth to one quarter of an inch long.
Flowers one half inch in diameter, white. Calyz-tube broadly
obconic, limb with five broadly triangular teeth. Petals
obovate-spathulate, concave, obtuse. Filaments stout, equalling

the petals. Style as long as the stamen, stigma capitate.—
J.D. H. ates

Fig. 1, Vertical section of flower ; 2, transverse section of ovary :—both enlarged.

6405.

Tae eB NEE RPR i 38 i:

Vincent Brooks Day &SonIith

AB. del I Nugent Fitch lath

Tas. 6405.

NEPETA spicata.
Native of the Western Himalaya.

Nat. Ord. Lasrata.—Tribe Nererz.
Genus Nepeta, Linn. (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen, Plant. vol. ii. p. 1199).

Nereta spicata; glabra v. parce puberula v. hirsuta, caule erecto v. basi ascen-
dente, foliis longe petiolatis late ovatis acutis v. obtusis crenatis basi cordatis
v. truncatis utrinque viridibus, nervis subtus prominulis, spicis oblongis y.
linearibus dense- v. laxi-floris interdum interruptis, bracteis oblongo- v. ellip-
tico-lanceolatis subulato-acuminatis calycem mquantibus v. superantibus,
calycis dentibus subulatis tubum rectum v. curvatum costatum squantibus,
corolla tubo late infundibulari calyce duplo longiore, labio superiore brevi
2-lobo, .inferioris lobis lateralibus brevissimis terminali orbiculari concavo
albo.

N. spicata, Benth. in Wall. Pl. As. Rar. vol. i. p. 64, et in D.C, Prod. vol. xii.
p. 872.

Beronica levigata, Don Prod. Fl. Nep. p. 110.

One of the commonest Himalayan cat-mints, ranging from
the Kumaon to Kashmir and Murree, at elevations of 7,000
to 12,000 feet, but not found in Nepal or anywhere to the
eastward of it. In its most fully developed state it forms an
erect herbaceous perennial, two to three feet high, with
dense spikes of bright purple flowers, three to four inches
long and an inch broad, and there are sometimes five and six
spikes on abranch ; such is the var. e/ata of Bentham, which,
however, passes gradually into the smaller and commoner
form of the plant here figured. This was sent by T. Ander-
son Henry, Esq., from his rich herbaceous garden at Trinity,
Edinburgh, where it flowered for the first time in September
last. Besides its varying in stature, the bracts present all
sizes, from equalling the calyx to three times that length,
when the spikes appear bristly from the long exserted seta-

JANUARY Ist, 1879,

ceous points; the whole plant is glabrous or pubescent; the
flowers vary greatly in size, and the calyx is straight or
curved.

Descr. An erect or ascending branched herb, with peren-
nial rootstock, glabrous, hirsute, or puberulous. Stem acutely
four-angled. Leaves one to four inches long, broadly
ovate-cordate, rarely rounded at the base, deeply serrated or
toothed, bright green above, paler beneath ; petiole one-half
to two inches long. Spikes terminal, sessile or peduncled,
two to four inches long, one-half to one inch in diameter,
lax- or dense-flowered. Bracés elliptic-lanceolate, acuminate,
ending in a straight subulate point, reticulate, rigid. Calyx-
tube shortly cylindric, straight or curved, strongly nerved ;
lobes as long as the tube, subulate, with long straight points.
Corolla purple, lower lip nearly white; tube twice or thrice
as long as the calyx, funnel-shaped, slightly curved; upper |
lip short, two-lobed ; lower three-lobed ; side lobes very short,
recurved, longer than broad; mid-lobe orbicular, -concave,
crenulate. Stamens included in the upper lip. Stigma
_ ~~ short subulate lobes. Mueules small, smooth.—

Fig. a, flower; b, the same halved vertically ; ¢, calyx; d, stigma; ¢, nucules:
—all enlarged.

6406

“Vincent Brooks Day & Son [ath

AB del J. Nugent Fitch Lith

Tas. 6406.
FRITILLARIA KARELINI.
Native of Central Asia,

Nat. Ord. Littacex.—Tribe Torres.

Genus Fritrmrari, Linn.; (Baker in Journ, Linn. Soc, vol. xxv. p. 251).

Fritiiiaria (Phinopetalum) Karelini ; bulbo globoso squamis paucis crassis, caule
brevi scabro foliis 4-6 preedito, infimis lanceolatis alternis vel oppositis,
superioribus linearibus alternis, floribus 2-12 cernuis in racemum dispositis,
pedicellis ascendentibus brevibus, bracteis magnis foliaceis linearibus inferi-
oribus geminis, perianthii campanulati pallide purpurei segmentis oblongis
obtusis unguiculatis maculis paucis saturatioribus preeditis flore expanso
supra medium patulis, unguibus omnium distincte foveolatis, ungue
superioris profunde saccato, staminibus perianthio duplo brevioribus fila-
mentis subulatis scabris, stylo integro ovario duplo longiori, capsulis latioribus
quam longis apice umbilicatis basi truncatis, seminibus crebris discoideis.

F. Karelini, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. vol. xiv. p. 268.
F. gibbosa, Boiss. Diagn. part vii. p. 107; Walp. Ann, vol. i. p. 852.
F. pterocarpa, Stocks in Hook. Kew. Journ, vol. iv. p. 180.

Raworeratum Karelini, Fisch. in Hdin. New Phil. Journ, 1830, p. 19; D. Don in
Sweet Brit. Flor. Gard. ser. ii. t. 283; Kunth Enum. vol. iv. p, 256; Flore
des Serres, t. 2214; Regel Gartenfl. 1874 p. 161 t. 796; FU. Turkest. p. 151.

R. Boissieri, Klatt in Hamb. Gartenzeit. vol. xvi. p. 489.

This singular plant has been known for a long time. It
was sent as long ago as 1836 by Dr. Fischer, of St. Peters-
burg, to Mr. Anderson, of the Chelsea Botanic Garden, and
was figured at the time in Sweet’s British Flower Garden
from the dwarf starved specimens that flowered at Chelsea.
Within the last few years it has been again introduced,
and has been grown successfully by several different
cultivators both in Germany and in England. In a wild
state it is widely diffused, as it reaches from the Ural and
Altai mountains southward through Persia and Turkestan
to Beloochistan and Afghanistan. It has not yet been found
within the bounds of the Flora Indica. The claims of
Rhinopetalum to be regarded as a genus distinct from
Fritillaria rest only upon the fact that the foveole of the

JANUARY Ist, 1879.

upper segment of the perianth is decidedly deeper than those
of the other five segments, which gives the flower a slight
irregularity ; but the plant is so completely a Fritillary in all
other points, that when I monographed the genus I kept it up
as a section only. The specimen from which our plate was
drawn was communicated by Mr. G. Maw, with whom it
flowered early in the month of October of last year.

Descr. Bulb globose, about an inch in diameter, composed
of very few thick scales. Stem not more than four or six
inches long, of which the lowest one and a half or two inches
are below the surface of the soil, the upper part scabrous, as
are the axis of the raceme and the margins of the leaves and
bracts. Leaves four or six to the stem below the in-
florescence, ascending, rather fleshy, glaucous, the two lowest
the largest, lanceolate, alternate or opposite, the others
smaller, linear, always alternate. Flowers from two to twelve
in a close raceme, cernuous, on short, ascending pedicels,
which are bracteated by linear leaves, of which there is a pair
to the lower flowers. Perianth campanulate, under an inch
long, pale purple, with darker veins and a few darker spots ;
segments oblong, obtuse, unguiculate, subequal, spreading
from the middle when the flower is expanded, the claw of
each furnished with a distinct yellowish-green foveole, that of
the upper segment deeper than the others, so as to forma
sort of rounded spur a twelfth or an eighth of an inch long.
Stamens about half as long as the perianth segments ; fila-
ments scabrous, subulate, narrowed to the tip; anthers small,
sub-globose or linear-oblong, basifixed. Pist/ about as long
as the stamens; style entire, twice as long as the oblong
ovary. Capsule broader (about an inch in diameter) than
long, umbilicate at the apex, truncate at the base, with a
distinct neck. Seeds brown, discoid, packed tightly in two
rows in each of the cells.—J. G. Baker.

Fig. 1, A flower cut in half, so as to show the spur of the upper segment;
2, pedicel, with its pair of bracts; 3, ovary, with style and stigma; 4, a single
stamen; 5, an anther, shedding pollen :—all magnified.

M9 640
Ag 407

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Tas. 6407.
VERONICA Lonerrorts, var. SUBSESSILIS.

Native of Japan.

Nat. Ord. ScropHuLARIAcEx.—Tribe Di@iTaLeR.

Genus Veronia, Linn. (Benth et Hook.f. Gen. Pl. vol. ii. p. 964).

Veronica (Pseudolysimachia) longifolia ; caule glabro puberulo, foliis breviter
petiolatis oppositis v. 3-natim verticillatise basi ovata v. cordata ovato- v.
oblongo-lanceolatis! acuminatis argute serratis, racemis solitariis v. paucis
densifloris, pedicellis calyce sepius brevioribus. Linn. Sp, Pl. p.18; Benth.
in DC. Prod, vol. x, p. 465.

Van. subsessilis; foliis brevissime petiolatis simpliciter serratis subtus appresse
puberulis, racemorum rhachi appresse pubescente, sepalis ciliolatis. Miquel,
Ann. Mus. Lugd, Bat, vol. ii. p. 119.

This brilliant Speedwell hardly differs, even as a variety,
from the European V. longifolia, which ranges from Lapland,
Denmark, and Lombardy, in the west, through middle
Europe and N. Asia to China, and thence to the Island of
Saghalien and Japan. The specimens from the latter country
have been distinguished as a variety by Miquel, on account of
their broader leaves, very short petioles, and sparce pubes-
bescence, but I find as broad and as shortly petioled speci-
mens in Europe; and the leaves of some Japanese ones are
narrow-lanceolate. It is further very near the common
continental V. spicata, L., and the 8. Europe and N. Asiatic
_ V. paniculata, L.; and, as Bentham remarks, is connected

with these by intermediate states or garden hybrids; so that
it is difficult to assign the limits of the species in the wide-
spread and beautiful Pseudolysimachia section of the genus
to which they all belong. In cultivation the Japanese plant
is a superb object, with its dense spikes of amethystine blue
lucid flowers, and deep green leaves. It has been introduced
by Messrs. Ware, of Tottenham, who sent the specimen here
figured in August of last year.

Descr.—An erect branching undershrub, two to four feet
high. Stem cylindrical; branches ascending, puberulous.

JANUARY I1sT, 1879.

Leaves two to four inches long, very shortly petioled, dark
green, ovate or ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, deeply acutely
serrate ; nerves strong and puberulous beneath. Racemes
terminal and on lateral branches, six inches to nearly a foot
long, subsessile or peduncled, strict, erect, very dense-
flowered ; rachis pubescent. Bracts linear-lanceolate. Pe-
dicels about as long as the calyx. Sepals ovate-oblong or
linear, subacute, ciliolate. Corolla one-third of an inch in
diameter, bright amethystine blue; tube very short; seg-
ments spreading, rounded, concave, the posticous rather the
largest. Filaments slender, exceeding the corolla-segment.
Style filiform; stigma capitate. Cupsule rather longer than
the sepals, turgid, two-lobed.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Side, and 2, front view of the flower :—enlarged.

640

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Tas. 6408.
ECCREMOCARPUS SCABER.
Natiwe of Chili.

Nat. Ord. Branontacem.—Tribe JACARANDEA.
Genus Eccremocanpus, Ruiz et Pavon. (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl.v. ii. p.1050.)

Eccremocarrus (Calampelis) scaber ; scandens, ramis gracilibus angulatis, ramulis
petiolis et inflorescentia puberulis, v. scaberulis, foliis oppositis bipinnatis
petiolo stricto rachi pinnarum flexuoso, pinnulis alternis petiolulatis oblique
ovatis cordatis v. subrotundatis integris v. 2-3-lobis, cirrhis dichotome
ramosis, racemis elongatis secundifloris, bracteis parvis, calycis tubo subin-
flato, lobis triangularibus, corolle tubo hinc ventricoso, ore contracto, limbo
parvo angusto annulari recurvo 5-lobo, antheris refractis loculis divaricatis,
capsula stipitata elongato-ovoidea acuta membranacea inflata, seminibus
multiseriatis ala orbiculari basi emarginato. ;

E. scaber, Ruiz et Pavon, Fl. Peruv. Prodr. p.90; Syst. Veg. p. 157; Lindl. in
Trans. Hort. Soc. vol. vii. p. 249; Bot. Reg. t. 939; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1411;
DC. Prod, vol. ix. p. 238; Rev. Hortic. p.857, Ic. Xylog.

Catampetis scaber, Don in Edinb. Phil. Journ. 1829, p. 89; Sweet. Brit. F1.
Gard. ser. 2, t. 30; Hindlich. Iconog. Gen. Plant. t. 95.

We take the opportunity of figuring the ripe fruit and
seeds together with the flower of this old-established favourite,
which has not till now found the place it should long since
have occupied in the Botanica, Macazinz. Though originally
introduced into England from Mexico in 1824 (when it was
raised by Mr. Tate, of the long-abandoned Sloane Street
Nursery), its native habitat is Chili, whence we have at
Kew dried specimens, collected upwards of eighty years ago by
the celebrated Archibald Menzies, when accompanying Capt.
Vancouver in his surveying voyage to N. W. America, and
when also he procured the seeds of the great tree of Araucaria
imbricata, now growing in the Royal Garden at Kew.

The motions of the stems, leaves, and tendrils of this
plant have been described by Mr. Darwin in his admirable
work ‘“‘On the Movements and Habits of Climbing Plants”
(p. 103). He found that the internodes, leaves, and tendrils
all revolved, all thus contributing their efforts towards
finding support for the elongating climbing stem. Of these
the internodes revolved at rates varying from 3} to 14 hours,
sometimes standing still for 12 or 18 hours. The young main

FEBRUARY Ist, 1879.

petioles follow nearly the same course and rate as the inter-
nodes, but the two opposite petioles did not move together.
Lastly, the tendrils, besides being carried about by the
revolving petioles, themselves move: spontaneously. ‘Then,
with regard to the branches of the tendrils, they are sensitive
on all sides, bending in about 10 minutes after being rubbed,
or after coming in contact with a support; and after such
contact several branches might be seen slowly to lift themselves
up, change their positions, and again come into contact with
the supporting surface. The object of this latter movement
is to bring the double hooks at the ends of the branches,
which naturally face in all directions, into contact with the
wood, lastly, if the tendrils come into contact with a
slender object, the sensitive nature of their branches (on
being touched) close to the little hooks, causes them to curl
round and clasp it. —

Descr. A slender climber, glabrous, or with a scant
scabrous pubescence, chiefly on the branchlets, petioles and
inflorescence ; trunk with corky bark; branches acutely
angled. Leaves opposite, bipinnate, the main petiole stiff
and angular, the secondary more flexuous, and often ending
in dichotomously branched filiform circinnate tendrils ;
leaflets few, alternate, petiolate, one-fourth to three-fourths of
an inch long, ovate-cordate or orbicular, obtuse, more or less
oblique, entire or lobed. Racemes four to six inches long,
drooping; bracts small, ovate, green; pedicels secund, a
quarter to half an inch long. lowers an inch and a half
long. Calyx-tube rounded at the base, rather inflated ; lobes
triangular, erect. Corolla tubular, ventricose above the calyx
on one side, suddenly contracted at the orifice; limb very
short, revolute, 5-lobed. Anthers with divaricating lobes and
glandular connective. Ovary oblong; style slender, stigmas
two, diverging. Capsule pendulous, an inch and a half long,
elongate-ovoid or ellipsoid, suddenly contracted into a stipes,
coriaceous, wrinkled, 2-valved; placentas narrow, covered
with imbricating seeds in many rows. Seeds one-twelfth of

an inch in diameter, including the broad circular wing, which
is notched at the base.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Longitudinal section of flower; 2 and 8, front and back view of anthers;

' 4, transverse section of ovary; 8, section of valve of capsule and placenta with
seed ; 6, seed:—all but fig. 5 enlarged. z

6409.

M.S.del J Nugent Fitch Lith Vincent Brooks Day & Son Imp

Tas. 6409.
‘DIOSCOREA vrrrara. -
Native of Brazil.

Nat. Ord. DioscorEx,

Genus Droscorna, Linn. ; (Kunth, Enum. vol. v. p. 325).

Dioscorra (Epistemon) vittata; caule gracili glabro late volubili, foliis cordato-
ovatis, cuspidatis integris glabris membranaceis petiolatis, lobis basalibus bre-
vibus rotundatis, sinu basali late rotundato, utrinque viridibus vel sepe rubro
vel albido-variegatis, floribus masculis laxe racemosis 1-3-nis breviter pedun-
culatis, rachibus pedicellisque pubescentibus, bracteis minutis lanceolatis, peri-
anthio luteo-viridulo parvo, tubo brevi campanulato segmentis lineari-lance-
olatis, staminibus perfectis 6 in tubo insertis segmentis duplo brevioribus,
filamentis cylindricis, antheris minutis oblongis, floribus foemineis ignotis.

D. vittata, Hort. Bull. Cat. no. 72 (1872), p. 21, (mame only).

This is one out of several Dioscoreas which have been
widely grown in our hot-houses of late years for the sake of
their variegated leaves. The earliest mention of the present
plant which I have found is in Mr. Bull’s catalogue above
cited. We have had it in the Palm-house at Kew for many
years, but it never flowered till last autumn: We then found
that it agreed with a plant belonging to the section Epis-
temon of Grisebach, which we have had in the Herbarium for
a long time without any specific name, gathered by Salzmann
near Bahia; the dried specimen, like the™living one, repre-
senting only the staminate plant. It does not agree with
any of the species described by Grisebach in the ‘Flora Brasi-
liensis,” nor by Kunth in his ‘‘ Enumeratio,”’ so we have kept
the name under which it has been widely distributed in cul-
tivation.

Descr. Stems very slender, wide-turning, glabrous. Leaves
cordate-ovate, entire, cuspidate, with rounded basal lobes and
a broadly-rounded basal sinus three to five inches long, mem-
branous in texture, glabrous, green on both sides, or flushed
with claret-red beneath, or variegated on both sides with red
and white, with about three main veins on each side of the

FEBRUARY Ist, 1879.

midrib, which extend from its base to the margins; petiole
one or two inches long. Male racemes one to three from the
axil of each leaf, three or four inches long, lax, shortly pe-
duncled; rachis pubescent ; flowers solitary, on short pubes-
cent pedicels, each with a minute lanceolate bract at its base.
Pertanth greenish-yellow, an eighth or a sixth of an inch
long; tube short, campanulate; segments linear-lanceolate,
three or four times as long as the tube. Fertile stamens six,
inserted low down in the tube, half as long as the perianth-—
segments; filaments cylindrical; anthers minute, yellow,
oblong. Rudimentary ovary present in the staminate flower.
Female flowers and fruit unknown. — J. G. Baker.

1, A single flower; 2, a flower, opened out; 3, a stamen; 4, rudimentary ovary
of the staminate flower :—all enlarged.

6410

Vincent Brooks Day k Son Imp

AB. del JNagent Fitch Lith

Tas. 6410.
LOASA VULCANICA, —

Native of Equador.

Nat. Ord. Loasex.
Genus Loasa, Juss; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i., p. 804).

Loasa vulcanica ; annua, setosa, erecta, foliis tripartitis, segmentis petiolulatis
elliptico-ovatis obovatisve acuminatis grosse inequaliter lobulatis et
serratis, petiolulis lateralibus spe basi pinnulis 2-3 alternis auctis, racemis
foliosis, foliis floralibus subsessilibus inferioribus tripartitis supremis integris
omnibus inciso-serratis, floribus nutantibus, calycis lobis late ovatis acutis,
petalis albis auguste cymbiformibus, squamis conicis aureis rubro trans-
versim vittatis, ovario clavato.

L. vuleanica, Fd, André, Il. Hortie. vol. xxv. p. 11, t. 302.
L. Wallisii, Hort.

M. André, who introduced this pretty plant into cultiva-
tion during his expedition to the Andes of New Grenada and
Equador, states in the ‘ Revue Horticole’ that he found it in
June, 1876, forming a common branched bush on the banks
of the river Pitaton, also occurring at the foot of the
voleano of Corazon, on the western slope of the Andes, at an
elevation of 9000 to 10,500 ft. above the sea. There are
Specimens in the Kew Herbarium gathered by Seemann in
August, 1847, at the village of Gonzanama, also in Equador.
Like the other members of its family it is covered with
stinging bristles, as to which M. André remarks that the
obtaining its seeds cost him ‘‘les mains bullées en mille
endroits.”’

Loasa vulcanica grows as an erect bush to an height of two
or three feet, forming a very attractive plant from the number
of pearly blossoms, each with a golden eye banded with red ;
it is quite hardy, having flowered without protection in the
herbaceous ground at Kew in September, last year. The
artist of our plate, Mrs. Barnard, observed that the filaments
of each bundle of stamens after having sprung towards the

FERRUARY Ist, 1879,

centre of the petal, from their original position in the hood
of the petal, became coiled up as represented in figure 7. In
some other species the anthers themselves, after fertilization,
became spirally coiled. The specimen figured was raised
from seeds received from Mr. Thompson, of Ipswich, under
the name of Loasa. Wallisit.

Drscr. An erect, much-branched, bushy, leafy herb, two
to three feet high, clothed everywhere with spreading, stinging
bristles. Leaves three to six inches broad, petioled, tripartite,
the segments with long petioles, ovate, or ovate-lanceolate, or
obovate, acuminate, lobulate and coarsely serrate, the lateral
petiolules with two or three smaller sessile leaflets. Racemes
leafy, six to eight-flowered, floral leaves sessile, lower trifoli-
olate, upper simple, irregularly serrate or laciniate. Flowers
on slender nodding pedicels, one to one and a quarter inch
in diameter. Calyx-tube clavate, lobes broadly ovate, acute,
green. Petals clawed, narrowly boat-shaped, white. Scales
broadly conical, golden yellow with transverse red bands,
two-lobed at the tip; with two subulate free processes
attached at its base to its inner face, their tips exserted.
Bundles of stamens coiled inwards after discharging their
pollen ; anthers small, short. Style very slender.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Vertical section of flower; 2, 3, 4, lateral, ventral, and dorsal view of
scales; 5, subulate process; 6, bundles of stamens; 7, the same after discharge
of pollen :—all enlarged.

Jay & Son Imp

fh

entProoks

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iv

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*

AB del,J Nugen

Tas. 6411.
INULA Hooxert.
Native of the Sikkim Himalaya.

Nat. Ord. Composittm.—Tribe InuLomEm.
Genus Inuta, Linn. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. ii. p. 330.)

Invuta Hookeri ; superne villosa, foliis sessilibus v. in petiolum brevem angustatis
elliptico-lanceolatis acuminatis glanduloso-denticulatis membranaceis supra
pilosis subtus tomentosis v. glabratis, capitulis solitariis 24-3} poll. diametro,
involucri villosissimi bracteis elongato-subulatis recurvis demum squarroso-
patentibus, ligulis perplurimis 1-seriatis pallide flavis angustis elongatis
recurvis, acheniis minutis glabris sulcatis, pappo sordide albo.

I. Hookeri, C. B. Clarke, Compos. Indice, p. 122.

A very free-flowering perennial, with leaves of a remarkably
delicate membranous texture and faintly sweet-scented
flowers. Unfortunately it withers rapidly after being cut,
so that it can be of little use for decorative purposes except
in the garden. It is a native of rocky places and the interior
valleys of Sikkim, at elevations of 7,000 to 10,000 feet, where
it replaces the very similar J. barbata, Wall., of the western
Himalaya. Both these closely resemble the JL. grandiflora,
Willd. and J. glandulosa, Willd. which are natives of the
Caucasus, and the former of which is enumerated by Mr.
C. B. Clarke a native of the western Himalaya also.
All these species are, like J. Hooker, remarkable for the
glands which terminate at the teeth on the margins of the
leaves, and all have narrow finally squarrose involucral bracts,
covered with long shaggy hair.

Inula Hookeri was introduced into cultivation in Kew by
seeds sent by myself from Sikkim in 1849, which flowered in
1851; and specimens from which are preserved in the Kew
Herbarium. It was again raised two years ago from seeds
sent by M. Gammie also from Sikkim, and from which plants
the accompanying drawing was made in September of last

ear.
Descr. Fibrous, with soft hairs, which become tawny

FEBRUARY lst, 1879.

when dry. Roofstock perennial. Stems one to two feet high,
sparingly branched, slender, angled, pubescent below, villous
above. Leaves three to four inches long, sessile, or narrowed
into very short petioles, oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, base
acute, minutely toothed, the teeth tipped with a globose
gland, hairy above, usually tomentose beneath, very mem-
branous, bright green. Heads two and a half to three
and a half inches in diameter, shortly peduncled, ter-
minating leafy branches. JInvolucre very broad, shaggy;
bracts elongate, linear-subulate, spreading and _ recurved,
finally squarrose. lowers of the ray very numerous (about
35), with slender spreading pale-yellow ligules an inch and
more long ; ligule slightly hairy towards the base, obtusely
three-toothed at the apex. Dise flowers very numerous. Re-
ceptacle convex, papillose. Anthers with slender tails.
Achenes very small, deeply grooved. Pappus hairs in one
series, dirty-white.—J/. D. H.

Figs. 1 and 2, Outer and inner involucral bracts; 3, receptacle; 4, the same
cut vertically ; 5, corolla of the ray ; 6, young achene of the ray crowned with the
base of an accessory foliaceous appendage; 7, style-arms of ray-flower, 8, flower
of disc ; 9, stamen ; 10, its style-arms; 11, pappus hair :—all enlarged.

Vincent Brooks Day & Sau inp

”

HTD. del J Nugent.Fiteh Tith

Tas. 6412.

CUPHEA LANCEOLATA.

Native of Mexico.

Nat. Ord. Lyrurartrx.—Tribe Lyrurez.

Genus Curnea, P. Br. ; (Benth. et Hook. Gen. Pl. vol. i. p. 778).

Cupnea lanceolata; glanduloso-pubescens et viscosa, caule erecto stricto, foliis
oppositis et alternis petiolatis ovatis v. ovato-lanceolatis obtusiusculis,
floribus axillaribus solitariis pedicellatis deflexis, pedicellis 2-bracteolatis,
bracteolis parvis, calycis tubo elongato imo basi gibbo infra orem antice
inflato lobo dorsali triangulari ovato erecto, ceteris brevissimus acutis sinubus
penicillis villorum auctis, filamentis brevibus longe lanatis, antheris oblongis,
ovario lanceolato glabro disci processu lingueformi basi stipato.

C. lanceolata, Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2, vol. iii. p. 150; Kunth, Nov. Gen. et Sp. vol.
vi. p. 605 ; DC. Prod. vol. iii. p. 85; Don in Sweet. Brit. Fl. Gard. vol. vii. t.

402; Regel, Gartenfl. 1864, p. 3%, t. 424.
C. Zimpani, Roezl, MS.

This belongs to the same section of the large genus
Cuphea as the old C. silenoides, Nees (Tab. nost. 4362), but
is a taller-growing, more erect, and much handsomer plant,
with strict (not flexuous) branches, longer calyx-tubes, and
much larger flowers. Regel, indeed, in the ‘Gartenflora,’
reduces C, silenoides to a variety of this, but the habit and
other characters of the two are so different that I do not feel
justified in adopting this conclusion, especially after observing
them growing side by side. : ae

Cuphea lanceolata was introduced into English cultivation
as long ago as 1796, by Mr. Anderson, then curator of the
famous Apothecaries’ garden at Chelsea, but was soon lost,
no doubt from its having been treated as a stove plant, as
directed in the ‘Hortus Kewensis.’ It was reintroduced at
Hamburgh in about 1835, by Messrs. Booth, and was flowered

FERRUARY Ist, 1879.

in England as a hardy plant by Messrs. Osborne, of Fulham
soon again to be suppressed in England in the rage for new
things and neglect of any hardy herbaceous plants but the
gaudy “ bedding-out stuffs.” It, however, held its place on
the continent, from whence seeds were received at Kew some
years ago. It flowers annually in the herbaceous grounds,
and has a very handsome appearance in September and
October, presenting in its robust habit and erect growth,
larger, deeper-coloured petals, with no pale border, a
marked contrast to the half prostrate flexuous-stemmed
C’. silenoides.

Duscr. An erect, straight, viscidly glandular-pubescent
annual, three to four feet high; branches stout, erect, purplish
green. Leaves half an inch to three inches long, opposite and
alternate, petioled, ovate or ovate-lanceolate, obtuse, quite
entire, membrancous, soft, bright green. Flowers axillary,
solitary, pedicelled, deflexed ; pedicels one-third to one half
an inch long, purple, 2-bracteolate, bracteoles alternate, green,
small, Calyx an inch long, tubular, gibbous at the very base
above, and swollen below the throat below, ten-nerved,
purple, very viscid ; upper lobe triangular-ovate, erect; four
others very small, spreading or recurved, broadly triangular,
acute, with a tuft of villous hairs in the sinus between each.
Four dorsal petals three-quarters of an inch in diameter,
orbicular, clawed, fine maroon purple with pale veins; four
other petals very small, orbicular, paler. Stamens hardly
exserted from the throat of the calyx, filaments short, densely
woolly above the middle; anther oblong. Ovary lanceolate,
with a slender straight style, attached at its base to the
recurved tongue-shaped disk. Capsule included in the sub-
erect calyx-tube, ovoid, many-seeded.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Vertical section of flower ; 2, front, and 3, side view of calyx; 4 and 5,
Stamens ; 6, ovary and disk ; 7, capsule burst open ; 8, seed-bearing axis ; 9, seed :
—all enlarged,

6413

VincentBrooks Day 8 Son imp

MS daJ Nugent Bitch Lith

Tan. 6413.

ANEMON OPSIS mMscRoPHYLLA,.
Native of Japan.

Nat. Ord. RanuncuLacex.—Tribe HELLEBORER.

Genus Anemonorsis, Sieb. et Zuce. (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 8).

ANEMonopsis macrophylla, elata, glaberrima, caule ramisque gracilibus rigidis
flexuosis cylindraceis purpurascentibus, foliis amplis bi- tri-ternatis, petiolis
petiolulisque gracilibus rigidis, foliolis ovato- v. elliptico-lanceolatis grosse
irregulariter subduplicatim serratis acutis v. acuminatis, intermedio petiolu-
lato, lateralibus sessilibus, racemis laxifloris, floribus longe pedicellatis
nutantibus, bracteolis pedicello et rachi parvis lanceolatis v. trifidis viridibus,
floribus diametro sesquipollicaribus pallide lilacinis, sepalis 3 exterioribus
concavis dorso saturate fusco-purpureis. :

A, macrophylla, Sieb.et Zuec. F1. Jap. Fam. Nat. sect. 1, p. 75; Walp. Ann. vol.
i. p. 155.

Though described upwards of thirty years ago, this highly
remarkable plant has until recently been little known to
botanists; nor until very lately has it been brought under
cultivation. It was discovered in North Japan by the Dutch
traveller and naturalist, Siebold, and described by him and his
coadjutor in publication, Zuccarini, in the Transactions of the
Bavarian Academy of Sciences about 1847. Since then it has
been collected by Tchnonoski in 1864, and specimens com-
municated by him to Maximovicz, the very learned Russian
botanist, who spent many years in the exploration of the
Japanese Archipelago, and by whom magnificent dried
Specimens were sent to Kew. From these the details of the
fruit and seeds are given in the accompanying plate.

\ Anemopsis is a near ally of Cimicifuga, differing in its very
large anemone-like flower, and in the shape of the petals ; it
consists of but one species. The plant from which our figure
was made flowered on the rock-work at Kew in July of last
year.

FEBURARY Ist, 1879.

Descr. An erect perennial herb, two to three feet high,
everywhere quite glabrous, smooth and shining. Stem wiry,
rigid, cylindrical, of a dirty-purple colour, flexuous, simple.
Leaves on very long petioles, eight to ten inches broad,
triangular in outline, biternately compound ; petiole of the
lowermost leaf a foot long, sheathing at the very base ;
partial petioles very slender, lateral divaricating; leaflets
two to four inches long, ovate or ovate-lanceolate, cuneate at
the base, unequally incised-serrate or toothed, the teeth
apiculate, terminal petiolulate, lateral sessile. Flowers one
and a half inch in diameter, drooping or inclined, in lax
few-flowered racemes, or the lowest flower axillary; bracts
on the rachis and pedicel small, green, rigid, lanceolate, or two
to three-fid ; pedicels two to four inches long, curved. Sepals
about nine, concave, spreading, the three outer dirty-purple
externally, internally a pale lilac, as are all the rest and the
petals. Petals about twelve, erect, strongly imbricating in
several series, about one-third the length of the sepals, linear-
oblong, rather contracted downwards, tip rounded, thickened
towards the base on the middle of the inner face. Stamens
numerous, filaments filiform; anthers narrowly oblong, con-
nective much thickened at the back, and produced intoa
point ; cells adnate, linear, opening in front. Carpels 3,
erect, subulate, ending in slender erect styles; ovules very
numerous, two-seriate. Fruit carpels two, stipitate, sharply
deflexed, obtuse, faleate, membranous, much compressed, with
the stigma lateral, about ten-seeded. Seeds oblong; testa
covered with membranous quadrate scales radiating especially
from the margins; albumen copious; embryo minute,
cotyledons short oblong, radicle subglobose.— J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Petal; 2, stamens; 3, carpels; 4 and 5, the same cut vertically and
transversely ; 6, follicles; 7 seed; 8 and 9, the same cut transversely and verti-
cally; 10, embryo :—all enlarged.

B44.

1 ton

¥
Day & SOL

cooks

Voncent B:

HTD, del, LN Fitch Lith

Tas. 6414,
EUCHLANA toxvriays.
Native of Guatemala.

Nat. Ord. Graminrx.—Tribe OLyrEs,
Genus Evucuiana, Schrader ; (Meissn. Gen. Pl. vol. ii. p. 319.)

Evucuizena lueurians; glabra, culmis robustis elatis dense fasciculatis sim-
plicibus erectis foliosis, foliis 3-4—pedalibus elongato-lanceolatis longe acu-
minatis planis junioribus marginibus cartilagineo-serrulatis multinerviis
leevibus, ligula brevi membranacea integra v. fissa, spiculis 9 in spicas
terminales unilaterales subcorymbosim fasciculatis dispositis 2-floris, glu-
mis vacuis scaberulis ovato-lanceolatis exteriore multinervi glumis flo-
riferis paleis angustioribus floris inferioris 3-nervi superioris 1-nervi,
lodiculis subquadratis carnosulis margine superiore crenato, spiculis ? in
spicas elongatas alternatim dispositis et in cameris racheos profundere
cavati.

E. luxurians, Duritu de Maisonneuve et Ascherson in Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn.,
Paris, No. 14, p. 105 (January, 1877).

Reana luxurians, Durizu in Bull. Soc. d’ Acclim., Ser. 2, vol. ix. p. 581 (1872).

Few fodder grasses have of late years attracted more atten-
tion than the magnificent plant here figured, whether for its
supposed value or for its botanical interest. The first notice
of it is contained in an interesting article communicated by
the late M. Duriéu de Maisonneuve (Director of the Botanical
Garden at Bordeaux) to the Acclimatation Society of France.
in 1872, which states that the author received the seeds from
the Society about four years previously under the name of
Teosinté, and as coming from Guatemala, From experiments
made with it in Bordeaux, Collioure, and Antibes, he pro-
nounced it to be a plant of d'une végétation prodigieuse, every
seed ‘producing about 100 stems, and these attaining 10 feet
in height, but as incapable of flowering in these localities,
and as cut down by the first frosts. From imperfect flowers
produced at Antibes, he refers it to the genus Leana, which
is a synonym of Luchlena, as pointed out by Ascherson in
the paper quoted under the specific character. Latterly this
grass has been successfully cultivated at Cairo, from whence
we have received excellent specimens and seeds from Dr.
Schweinfurth, and its valuable properties as a fodder grass
have been abundantly verified. Seeds of it have been dis-
tributed both from Kew and from Cairo, to Cyprus, and the
East and West Indies, Australia, and tropical Africa. _

In a botanical point of view Huch/ena is a most inter-

MARCH Ist, 1879.

HTD. det 7 Nita Lith” : Bod

Vincent Brooks Day &Son imp

Tas. 6415.
MONNINA xatarensis.
Native of Mexico.

Nat. Ord. Potyeates. |
Genus Monnina, Ruiz et Pav. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. PL i. p. 139.)

Monnina walapensis ; fruticosa, glaberrima v. ramulis et inflorescentia pubescente,
ramulis strictiusculis angulatis, foliis elliptico- v. obovato-lanceolatis v. ob-
lanceolatis acuminatis in petiolam brevissimum longe angustatis membra-
naceis nervis obscuris, racemis terminalibus et axillaribus simplicibus v. ter-
minalie basi ramosi sepalis exterioribus late ovatis obtusis interioribus
cblique semiorbicularibus concavis mulloties minoribus, carina galeata
3-loba, lobis rotundatis margine, anticovilloso, petalis interioribus column
staminez adnatis superne in appendicem cochleatan productis, ovario I-lo-
culari, stigmate apice dilatato truncato, drupa ellipsoidea utrinque acuta
exalata. :

M, xalapensis, H. B. et K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. vol. v. p. 314; Kunth Synops. Pl.
Aiquinoct. vol, iii. p. 320; DC. Prod. vol. i. p. 339; Benth. Pl. Hartweg,
p. 10; Masters in Gard. Chron. 1879, p. 50. x

HEBEANDRA euonymoides, Bonpl. in H. B. K.,, ete. p. 42.

Apparently a common and variable Mexican plant, at an
elevation of 3000 to 4000 feet, where it was discovered by
Humboldt and Bonpland. It forms an evergreen shrub or
small tree, conspicuous for its bright green foliage and
copious racemes of blue flowers. The genus, which is a
large one, containing some fifty species, is confined to South
America, and is allied to Polygala, differing in the arrange-
ment of the petals and the indehiscent fruit; one has been
already figured in this work, the MM. obtusifolia of Peru
(Tab. 3122).

I am indebted to Lady Dorothy Nevill for the specimen
here figured, which flowered in the gardens of Dangstein in
October last. It is, I fear, the last plant that will be figured
from that noble private collection, which is shortly to be
broken up, to the deep regret of all lovers of botany and
horticulture.

Descr. An evergreen slender shrub or small tree, glabrous
or more or less pubescent, or even tomentose on the branch-
lets and inflorescence; branches angled, compressed above.

MARCH Ist, 1879.

Leaves very variable in size and shape, two to four inches
long, elliptic and equally narrowed to both ends, or obovate-
lanceolate, or oblanceolate, acute or acuminate, quite entire,
always gradually narrowed below into a very short petiole,
which is jointed on to a prominence of the branches ; mem-
branous, flat; nerves obscure. Racemes one to three inches
long, axillary and terminal, erect, simple, and the terminal
one rarely branched at the base; bracts minute, ovate, very
deciduous ; pedicels very short. Flowers about one-fourth of
an inch in diameter, bright blue. Sepa/s, three outer short,
pubescent, ovate, obtuse; two inner very large, obliquely
semicircular, very concave, with a sub-acute point and straight
lower edge. Petals, three outer forming a 3-lobed hood over
the stamens, lobes obtuse; two inner adnate to the staminal
column, and terminating upwards in a spoon-shaped appen-
dage. Ovary oblong, 1-celled, with a prominent gland at its
base; style very thick, bent at right angles, and terminating
in a dilated truncate stigma. Fruit, a drupe one-fourth of an
inch long, ellipsoid and acute at both ends.—/. D. H.

Fig. 1, Flower with one inner sepal removed; 2, the same viewed from the
other sides; 3, flower with botk inner sepals removed; 4, staminal column and

inner petals; 5, stamen; 6, pedicel and ovary; 7, transverse section of ovary:
—all enlarged.

6416

N

pibsciageamectcrmee eryrovn )

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Vincent Brooks Day & Son inp.

, Lath.

HTD. del. J Nugent Er

Tas. 6416.
CROCUS VITELLINUS.
Native of Syria and Asia Minor.

Nat. Ord. Intpackm.—Tribe Ixiex.

Genus Crocus, Towrnef.; (Baker in Journ. Linn. Soe. vol. xvi. p. 79.)

Crocus vitellinus ; hyemalis, tunicis exterioribus brunneis in fibras parallelas
deorsum dissolutis, spatha basali nulla, foliis 5-6 synanthiis anguste
linearibus albo vittatis, spathd propria diphylla, perianthii tubo citrino
2-3-pollicari, fauce concolori glabro, limbi aurei concoloris subpollicaris seg-
mentis oblongo-spathulatis, antheris citrinis filamento glabro subsequi-
longis, styli fulvo-lutei ramis permultis capillaceis divaricatis.

C. vitellinus, Wahlenb. in Isis, vol. xxi. p. 106; Baker in Gard. Chron. 1873,
p- 680; in Journ. Linn. Soc. vol. xvi. p. 84.

C. syriacus, Boiss. et Gaill. in Boiss. Diagn. ser. 2, vol. iv. p. 94.

C. Balansew, J. Gay in Balans. Pl. Orient. Busic. anno 1854, No. 34.

Var. syriacus ; limbi segmentis dorso atro lineatis. (tab. nostr. fig. 3.)

C. syriacus, Baker in Gard. Chron. et Journ. Linn. Soe. loc cit.

C. lagenzeflorus var. (?) syriacus, Herb. in Journ. Hort. Soc. vol. ii. p. 282.

This is the only yellow-flowered Crocus of the section with
a much-divided style. It is an inhabitant of Syria and Asia
Minor, and now that we possess a fuller supply of material
it seems clear that, as was first suggested by Mr. G. Maw,
syriacus and vitellinus are only two forms of one and the same
species, one with a striped, and the other with a concolorous
perianth-limb. We have the type from several places on the
western slope towards Saida and Beyrout of the Lebanon
range, where it was discovered by a Swedish traveller called
Berggren in 1820, and also from the neighbourhood of
Smyrna,* where it was found by Balansa in 1854. Of the
striped variety there is a specimen in the Banksian herbarium,
gathered about Aleppo a hundred years ago by Dr. Russell,
and it has been lately refound in the same neighbourhood by
Dr. Haussknecht, and in the Cilician Taurus, by Mr. and
Mrs. Danford. The plant tlowers from November to March

* Mr. G. Maw, who has also gathered this, thinks it may prove a distinct
species, as although growing at a low level it flowers as late as March.—See
ard. Chron. 1879, p. 234.

MARCH Ist, 1879.

and is still rare in English gardens. The material for the
drawing of the type was a specimen in the Kew collection,
presented by Mr. G. Maw; and of the striped variety a plant
sent up by the Rev. H. Harper Crewe, who obtained it from
M. Chapellier, of Paris. *

Descr. Corm ovoid, middle-sized, the firm, brown outer
tunics splitting up more or less into parallel fibres towards
the base. Corm producing one to three buds, of one to five
flowers each, the top of the flower five or six inches from the
top of the corm. Basal spathe obsolete. Leaves five or six
to a bud, quite cotemporary with the flowers, narrow, gla-
brous, with revolute edges and a distinct white central band.
Proper spathe of two valves. Perianth tube filiform, pale
yellow, two or three inches long; limb about an inch long,
orange-yellow, its oblong spathulate segments concolorous in
the original vifel/inus, striped with five feathered lines down
the back in the variety syriacus, and in a third form plain
orange with an obscurely lineate, brownish blotch at the base ;
throat glabrous, concolorous. Azthers lemon-yellow, about
the same length as their filaments. S¢y/es fulvous, cut up
into numerous diverging capillary branches.—J/. G. Baker.

Fig. 1, A plant of var. syriacus ; 2, its style branches, magnified ; 3, a plant
of typical CO. vitellinus :—natural size.

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HTD. del, [Nugent Fitch, lath.

Tas. 6417.
COTYLEDON RAMOSISSIMA.
Native of South Africa.

Nat. Ord. CrassuLacegz.
Genus Corrxepoy, Linn.; (Benth. § Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. i. p. 659.)

Corytepon (Paniculate) ramosissima; fruticosa, glaberrima, glaucescens,
foliosa, ramosissima, caule crasso erecto, ramis ramulisque gob ers paten-
tibus cylindraceis annulatim cicatricatis, foliis confertis breviter petiolatis
obovato-orbiculatis subacutis v. breviter cuspidatisconcavis integerrimis dure
carnosis purpureo-marginatis glauco-viridibus, floribus ad apices ramulorum
solitariis pedicellatis cernuis sesquipollicaribus, calycis brevis dentibus
acutis sinubus latis rotundatis, corolla campanulata cylindracea viriscente
lobis brevibus recurvis pallide sanguineis, filamentis corolle tubo basi
adnatis antheris exsertis, carpellis gracilibus, ovariis antice planis, basi
squamis cucullatis adnatis.

C. ramosissima, Haw. suppl. p. 25; DC. Prodr., vol. iii. p. 396; Harv. §& Sond.
Fl. Cap., vol. ii. p. 372.

A native of the interior districts of South Africa, as at
Uitenhage, George, the Zwartkops river, where it forms a
bush from one to three feet high, remarkable for its density,
bushy and leafy habit, and the pale glaucous green of
the foliage and young parts. It is very closely allied to the
beautiful C. ordiculata of this Magazine (Tab. 321), differing
in habit and wanting that snowy glaucous hue of that plant,
but remarkably similar in form and size of the flower. Though
referable to the section with panicled flowers in all other
respects but this, the flowers are in all our specimens, living
and dried, solitary at the tips of the branchlets.

Cotyledon ramosissima has been long cultivated at Kew, and
all trace of its introduction is lost, though this must have
been since the date of the publication of the second edition
of the “ Hortus Kewensis,” namely 1811, in which work it
is not described ; it was, however, discovered soon after that
date (in 1813) by Burchell, whose specimens are at the Kew
Herbaries. The Kew plant for which the accompanying
figure was made was sent by Mr. McGibbon, of the Cape-
town Botanical Gardens, and flowered in the month of
September.

Duscr. A bushy, succulent, much branched, erect shrub,

MARCH Ist, 1879.

one to three feet high ; branches cylindric, annulate, covered
with an ashy bark. Leaves crowded, opposite, three-quarters
to one inch long, orbicular, obovate, subacute or cuspidate,
concave, densely fleshy, quite entire, nerveless minute glau-
cous furpuraceous scales, derived from the dead upper cells
of the epidermis, margins dull purple. lowers solitary at
the tips of the branchlets, drooping, an inch and a half
long ; peduncle curved, naked, shorter than the flower, swol-
len in a top-shaped manner beneath the calyx. Calya-
tube short, cupular; teeth five, very short, triangular, acumi-
nate, appressed to the corolla, separated by a broad shallow
rounded sinus. Corol/a much larger than the calyx, fleshy,
campanulate ; tube pale glaucous-green, cylindric or obscurely
angular, lobes one-third the length of the tube, spreading,
ovate, acute, thick, glabrous. Sfamens ten, filaments long,
much thickened and pubescent at the base, where they are
united into a ring which is attached to the corolla near its
base; this ring projects in the cavity of the corolla and forms
at its base a chamber which probably catches the nectar secreted
by the glands at the base of the carpels, which would other-
wise escape from the pendulous flower; anthers exserted.
Carpels slender, tapering into filiform styles; ovary flat on
the back, adnate below the horizontal fleshy cucullate
hypogynous glandular scales.—/. D. H.

Fig. 1, Vertical section of flower ; 2, portion of corolla laid open, and stamens
showing the chamber formed by the shortened bases of the filaments; 3, bases
of carpels and scales; 4, transverse section of carpel :—all enlarged.

6478.

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Tas. 6418.
CARLUDOVICA ENsIForRMIs.

Native of Costa Rica.

Nat. Ord. CycLanTHER.

Genus Caruupovica, Ruiz et Pav, ; (Endl. Gen. Plant., p. 242).

Cartupovica Ensiformis ; 2-3-pedalis, subacaulis, foliis distichis longe petiolatis
ad basinfere bipartitis, segmentis ensiformibus 14 poll. latis acutis 4—nerviis
coriaceis planis, petiolo subcylindrico antice sulcato, marginibus sulci mem-
branaceis basin versus scariosis imo basi vaginantibus, pedunculo 2-3—polli-
cari nutante v. suberecta, spathis ad 3—4-pollicaribus lanceolatis longe
acuminatis cymbiformibus extus brunneis intus albis caducis, spadice
oblongo 1}-pollicari, fl. ¢ perianthii lobis ad 12 brevibus oblongis obtusis
carnosis suberectis v. recurvis, staminibus perplurimis confertis filamentis
e basi mamillari gracilibus brevissimis, antheris oblongis connectivo apici in
papillam producto, fl. 2 perianthii lobis erectis quadratis angulis rotundatis
margine superiore undulato.

The members of the very curious natural family of Cyclan-
thee are all tropical American, and are very little known,
although one of them, the Carludovica palmata, of New
Grenada, is the plant from the leaves of which the famous
Panama hats, cigar cases, and other similar plaited fabrics,
so celebrated for their fineness, durability, lightness, and
flexibility, are made. Only two genera of this Order are
known, Carludovica and Cyclanthus, and about a dozen de-
scribed species: they are closely allied to the Aroidee and
Pandanee, and, as with these, some are scandent, their stems
adhering to the branches of lofty trees by adventitious roots,
and others are, like the one here figured, stemless and
terrestrial. One of the species of Carludovica only has been
figured in this Magazine, namely, Ludovia latifolia (Tab.
2950-1). The name Zudovia was substituted by Persoon for
the original one, Carludovica (of Ruiz and Pavon), on the
ground of the barbarity of so latinizing the conjoint names
of Charles XI. of Spain and his Queen Louisa, after whom
the genus was so called. As however, in so many other
cases, euphony has carried the day over classical rules and the
laws of botanical nomenclature, for Carludovica has wholly
superseded Zudovia amongst botanists.

MARCH Ist, 1879.

This curious plant was imported from Costa Rica a good
many years ago, and flowered for the first time in June, 1874.
Our drawing was, however, made on a subsequent occasion,
namely, in August, 1877.

Descr. Stem very short or none. Leaves three to four
pairs, distichous, long petioled ; two to three feet long ; blade
divided nearly to the base into two divergent, ensiform, acute,
or scarcely acuminate, flat, coriaceous, 4-nerved divisions ;
nerves very prominent; nervules vbscure; entire portion two
to four inches long, with an acute sinus, the margins pro-
duced downwards on to the petiole, which is a foot or more
long, rather slender, cylindric above, compressed below, with
a deep frontal groove; margins of the groove membranous
and overlapping, the membrane becoming broader, scarious,
and sheathing below. Peduncle three to four inches long,
erect or inclined, cylindric; spathes four, spreading, three
inches long, lanceolate, long acuminate, boat-shaped, brown
externally, white within. Syadix shortly oblong, one and a
half inches long, obtuse. Flowers densely crowded. Males
- with an obconic base and about twelve broadly oblong, fleshy,
suberect, or recurved obtuse short lobes in one series. Stamens
very numerous, each seated on a globose fleshy mamilla or
base of the filament, which above it is very short and slender.
Anthers oblong, tipped with a globose production of the con-
nective. Females with four almost quadrate, erect, or incurved
fleshy perianth lobes, and four filiform staminodes three and a
half inches long, one opposite to and at the base of each
segment.—/. D, H.

Fig 1, Female flower seen from above with the staminodes removed; 2, male
flower; both enlarged ; 3, head of unripe fruit of the natural size.

6419,

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Tas. 6419.
COREOPSIS noupara.

Native of the Southern United States.

Nat. Ord. Composrrm.—Tribe HELIANTHOIDES.
Genus Corzorsis, Linn. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. v. ii. p. 385.)

Coreopsis nudata; gracillima, glaberrima, caule erecto tereti dichotome ramoso,
foliis paucis, radicalibus elongato filiformi-subulatis cylindraceis longe
acuminatis caulinis sparsis subulatis;brevibus, capitulis amplis, involucri
parvuli bracteis exterioribus brevibus recurvis late oblongis obtusis, interior-
ibus oblongo lanceolatis apices versus acutatis, floribus radii ad 8 limbo late
obovato apice obtuse 2~4-lobo roseo v. purpureo, fl. disci flavis dentibus re-
curvis papillosis, acheniis quadrato-oblongis hispidulis anguste alatis acutis
brevibus ciliatis.

C. nudata, Nutt. Gen. vol. ii. p. 180; et in Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. New Ser.
vol. vil. p. 360; Torr. § Gr. Fl. N. Am. vol. ii. p. 348; DC. Prodr. vol. vii. p.
574; Chapm. Fl. 8. United States, p. 236.

Cautiopsis nudata, Spreng. Syst. Veg. vol. iii. p. 611. :

A singularly beautiful plant, with the foliage of a rush, and
the flower of a small Dahlia, or of a very large Anemone of
the Japonica group; a native of swamps and ponds in the
pine-barrens near the coast of the Southern United States
from Georgia to Florida. It has been referred to a small
section of the genus, to which the name of Cosmella has
been given; but which appears to be a purely artificial
group. The root is almost tuberous, and the leaves like
those of a very slendef rush, they are stated to be fistular in
a note attached to dried specimens communicated by the late
Dr. Torry, but they are certainly solid in the specimens
cultivated at Kew. ;

The seeds of Coreopsis nudata were received from Professor
Asa Gray, and were sown ina pan of moist soil in a warn
pit, the plants thus raised flowered in the open air in September

of last year. :
Drscr. A tall very slender glabrous perennial marsh or

APRIL Ist, 1879.

A

pond plant; root-stock short, stout, almost tuberous, emit- —
ting stout fibres. Stems two to four feet high, very graceful,
simple below, sparingly dichotomously branched above, the |
branches terminating: in single heads. eaves very few;
radical erect, very slender, rush-like, with short bases that
sheath the very base of the stem, quite terete and smooth,
purplish green; cauline leaves few, small, short, subulate.
Heads two and a half inches in diameter, with a very small
disk, and about 8 large purple rose-coloured or crimson rays.
Involucre short, one-third of an inch in diameter ; outer bracts,
broadly oblong, obtuse, recurved ; inner erect, linear-oblong,
toothed towards the summit, receptacle naked, papilose. Ray-
_ Mowers with a small naked achene, a very short slender tube,
anda broad obovate-spathulate limb an inch long and nearly
half as broad, entire or lobulate at the tip, 5-nerved. Disk
Jlowers yellow ; corolla-tube long, with short papillar recurved _
teeth; anther-cells shortly ciliate at the base. Stigmatic
arms spreading, truncate. Achenes nearly quadrate, with a
narrow ciliate wing, and two short hispid arms.—/. D. H.

Figs. 1 and 2, inner involucral bracts ; 3, section of involucre and receptacles ;
4, ray flower; 5, stylearms; 6, disk ower; 7,achene; 8, anther ;—all enlarged.

“Vincent Brooks Day &Son Imp

LReeve & C° London.

MS’. del LN Fitch lath.

“Tés, 6420:
VILLARSIA CAPITATA.

Native of Western Australia.

Nat. Ord. Gentianex.—Tribe MenyanTHEZ.
Genus Vitiarsia, Vent.: (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. ii. p. 819.)

Vittarsta capitata; caule erecto simplicisculo folioso, foliis longe petiolatis
reniformibus orbiculatis v. late ovatis obtusis integerrimis v. sinuato-den-
tatis, floribus in capitula involucrata terminalia congestis pedicellatis, bracteis
ovatis obtusis concavis, bracteolis minutis ciliolatis, calycis segmentis ovato-
lanceolatis acutis v. acuminatis pilosis v. lanatis, corolla lobis sub-quad-
ratis apice bilobis lobis sinuque acutis marginibus erosis basi ciliatis,
antheris inclusis, glandulis hypogynis 5 subulatis apice penicillatis, ovario
elongato-ovoideo, stigmatibus linearibus v. dilatatis, seminibus levibus
nitidis. ?

V. capitata, Nees in Pl. Preiss. vol. i. 365; Benth. Fl. Austral. vol. iv. p. 375.

Y. involucrata, Hook. Ic. Pl. p. 725.

A native of the Swan River district in marshy ground,
where it attains a height of six inches or so. I have referred
it to V. capitata with some doubt, because in the descriptions
of that plant as well as in the figure (V. ¢nvolucrata) cited
above, the corolla-lobes are acute and quite entire, and little if
at all longer than the calyx, whereas in the plant here figured
they are much longer than the calyx, broad, strongly 2-lobed
and denticulate. On referring to the dried specimens, from
which both the description of V. capifata and the drawing
(of V. involucrata) were made, I find the corolla has

withered after the manner of Villarsias, namely by the exces-
sively membranous lobes rolling inwards till the whole is
shortened, and, as it were, retracted within the calyx, and no
amount of maceration or careful dissection has sufficed to
unfold them as to show their true shapes. In its usual
state the heads of V. capitata are much more woolly than
those of the specimen here figured, but this character is a
very variable one.

APRIL Ist, 1879.

For the seeds of this pretty plant, the Royal Gardens are
indebted to Baron Von Mueller. When sown in a pot of
earth standing in water they vegetated in profusion, and in a
few months the surface of the pot was clothed with a thick —
mass of bright green foliage studded with primrose-coloured
flowers which appeared in succession for some weeks in the
open air. :

Descr. Erect, glabrous; stem three to six inches high,
simple or nearly so, with two or three leaves, rather stout
and fleshy. Leaves one-fourth to three-fourths of an inch in
diameter, long-petioled, orbicular obovate or broadly ovate,
quite entire or sinuate-toothed, bright green; petiole 1-4
inches long, sheathing at the base. owers pedicelled,
in terminal involucrate heads ; outer involucral bracts spathu-
late, inner ovate obtuse concave, rather gibbous beneath,
glabrous hairy or villous; bracteoles on the pedicels minute.
Calye of 5 spreading ovate-lanceolate hairy divisions.
Corolla, one-half to three-fourths of an inch in diameter, bright
yellow ; throat hairy, lobes much longer than the calyx,
broadly oblong, bifid, the teeth and sinus between them
acute, margins erose or toothed. Stamens inserted in the
corolla-tube, filaments short; anther oblong. Hypogynous
glands subulate, with a pencil of hairs at the tip. Ovary
narrowly ovoid, narrowed into an erect style with two oblong
or sputhulate stigmatic lobes; placentas parietal near the
base of the cell. Capsule surrounded by the marcescent calyx
and corolla, many-seeded. Seeds discoid, quite smooth and
shining.— J. D. H.

Fig. 1, leaf; 2, outer involucral leaf; 3, back view of flower; 4, part of corolla,
and two stamens; 5, anther; 6, ovary and hypognous glands; 7, hypogynous
glands; 8 and 9, stigmas; 10, transverse 11, vertical section of ovary; 12,
young seed :—all enlarged.

6421.

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Tas. 6421.

GENTIANA anprewstl.
Native of Canada and the Eastern United States.

Nat. Ord, Gentianex.—Tribe Swerriz2.
Genus Gentiana, Linn. ; (Benth. §& Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. ii. p. 815.

Gent1ana (Pneumonanthe) Andrewsii ; erecta, robusta, glaberrima, foliis e basi
angusta lanceolatis y. ovato-lanceolatis acuminatis 3-nerviis margine sca-
berulis, floribus in capitulum terminalem congestis et in axillis foliorum
fasciculatis sessilibus v. breviter pedicellatis erectis, calycis lobis ovatis
oblongisve tubo’ cylindraceo multo brevioribus, corolla coerulea calycem'
longe excedente inflato-clavato obtuse angulata, ore contracto, lobis ohsoletis,
appendicibus inflexis minutis fimbriatis, antheris in tubum cohvrentibus,
capsula exserta, seminibus late alatis.

G. Andrewsii, Griseb. Gen. § Sp. Gentian., 287; et in Hook. Fl. Bor. Am., vol.
i, p. 55; et in A. DC. Prodr., vol. ix. p. 113; A. Gray, Man. Bot., p. 388;
Torr. Fl. New York, vol, ii. p. 107 t. 80. *

G. Saponaria, Freel. Gent., p.32 excl. Syn.; Bartl. Fl. N. Am., t.79; ? Att.
Hort. Kew, ed. 2, vol. ii. p. 111; ? Bot. Mag., t. 1039, non Linn.

This, the “ Closed gentian” of the Americans, is one of the .
handsomest species of the genus; it was long confounded
with an American close ally, the G. Saponaria of Linneus,
from which it was first distinguished by Grisebach, who,
however, does not observe,that the G Saponaria (erroneously
quoted as G. Catesbei, is De Candolles Prodronus 1. c.), figured
in this work (t. 1039) is, as far as can be ascertained from the
imperfect description and very indifferent drawing, referable
to G. Andrewsii. The chief diagnostic characters between
these two species are the linear or spathulate calyx lobes of
G. Saponaria, which equal or exceed the tube, its light blue
corolla, with distinct lobes, and cleft appendages, and its acute
narrowly winged seeds. - Of these characters the colour of the
corolla, and the form and size of the calyx lobes are the only
ones determinable from the figure at t. 1039, and as these
accord with those of G. Andrewsii, I have little doubt of the
plate in question representing a miserable specimen of this
plant.

APRIL Ist, 1879.

G. Andrewsii is common in the damp woods of the North-
eastern United States and Canada; it was brought into Kew
in 1776 by a Mr. William Young, and appears to have been
introduced into England even at an earlier period by Messrs.
Loddiges. It flowers in August and September at Kew,
where, however, it does not attain the status and development
which it does at Mr. G. Wilson’s, of Heatherbank. Weybridge,
to whom I owe the magnificent specimen here figured.

Descr. A tall stout usually simple-stemmed biennial, one tc
two feet high, quite glabrous. S/em cylindric, leafy. Leave:
two to four inches long, lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate from :
sessile narrow base, coriaceous, 3-nerved, deep green, with
rough margins. Flowers crowded in dense terminal heads
and also fascicled in the axils of the leaves, one and a hal
inches long, erect, sessile or very shortly pedicelled. Calyx.
tube cylindric ; lobes ovate, narrowed at the base, spreading
not half the length of the tube. Corolla much longer than
the calyx, inflated and club-shaped, obtusely 5-angled, deep
bright blue, mouth much contracted, teeth very obscure
between the small fimbriated reflexed folds. Stamens with
broad flattened converging filaments; anthers sagittate coher-
ing. Ovary pedicelled ; style short, stigmas removed. Cap-
sule exserted. Seeds with a broad obtuse wing.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, calyx; 2, vertical section of flower ; 3, stamen and pistil; 4, stigmas ;
5,'seed :—all but Fig. 2, enlarged.

Vnceuk frecks Day &Son Imp

AB. del JN Fitch Lith

LReeve & C2 Tondon.

Tas. 6422.
VILLANOVA curysanTHEMOIDEs.
Native of Colorado and New Mezico.

Nat. Ord. Composrrz.—Tribe HetentoweR,
Genus Vitianova, Lagasc.; (Benth. § Hook. f. Gen. Pl., vol. ii. p. 404.)

é

VILLANOVA chrysanthemoides; erecta, robusta, superne paniculatim ramosa,
polycephala, cano-puberula v. glabrata, foliis alternis ambitu late ovatis v.
obovatis petiolatis biternatisectis laciniis linearibus v. apices versus dilatatis
acutis v. obtusis re¢urvis, pedunculis glandulosis, capitulis 1-poll. diametr.
involucri bracteis sub 3-seriatis oblongo-lanceolatis acutis v. abrupte longe
acuminatis interioribus scariosis, receptaculo convexo, ligulis 15-20 patenti-
recurvis apice 3-lobis, fl. disci corolla glandulosa dentibus erectis obtusis,
achzeniis elongato-obconicis angulatis sulcatis costis rugulosis, angulis
leevibus. ,

V. chrysanthemoides, 4. Gray, Plant. Wright. pars. ti. p. 96; Walp. Ann., vol.
Vv. p. 248; Porter § Coulter, Synops. Fl. Colorado, p. 75.

Amauri P dissecta, A. Gray, Plant. Fendl., 104; Walp. Ann., vol. ii. p. 883.

A hardy free-flowering annual, a native of the Rocky
Mountains of Colorado and New Mexico, at elevations of four
to six thousand feet and upwards ; very like a groundsel in
habit and appearance, but belonging to a totally different
tribe of the vast natural order of Composite. The genus is
a purely American one, and the only known species are
the present and two others, one a native of New Grenada
and the other of Peru.

As grown at Kew this Villanova shows a tendency to ab-
normal development of some of its organs. Thus at fig. 3 are.
represented a floret with two supplementary styles, one with
two arms, the other with one only, all emerging from corolla
of the same ray-flower. At fig. 5 the achene is seen to
have a remarkable projecting lateral process. In none of the
flowers examined was there any small cone terminating
the style-arms of the disk flowers as is attributed to
the genus in the General Plantarum.

The plant here figured was raised from seed sent by

+ APRIL Ist, 1879. :

Professor Asa Gray from the Rocky Mountains, which
flowered in the Royal Gardens in September, 1878.

Drscr. A stout erect herb, 1-2 feet high, hoary with
down on glabrate, paniculately. branched and _ glandular
above. Stem grooved, leafy. Leaves alternate, petioled,
about two inches long and broad, twice ternately cut into
linear or obovate laciniate acute or obtuse recurved lobes.
Heads an inch in diameter, on stout glandular peduncles
which are naked or have one or more imperfect leaves.
Involucre hemispherical, glandula; bracts in about three series,
linear oblong, acute or acuminate, margins scarious, the inner
ones more membranous; receptacle slightly convex, papillose.
Rayflowers fifteen to twenty; tube short, glandular ; limb
cuneate, deeply 3-lobed, bright yellow, lobes obtuse; style arms
short, recurved, obtuse. Disk flowers numerous, very glandu-
lar ; lobes five, obtuse ; style arms flattened, obtuse. Achenes
narrowly _ obconic, four-angled and many-ribbed, young

glandular, ripe dark brown, ribs rugulose, angles smooth.
mt. 2 ff.

_Fig. 1, section of receptacle; 2, ray flower; 3, another with three styles; 5,
disk flower with irregular corolla; 6, disk flower with abnormal achene ; 7, style
arms of disk flower :—all enlarged.

_ Vincent Brooks Day & San Imp.

AB. del IN RtchTith

L-Reeve &C? London

Tas. 6423.
BILLBERGIA NUTANS.

Native of South America.

Nat. Ord. Brometiacex.—Tribe ANANASSEX. :
Genus Brtpereta, Thunb. § Holm. ; (K. Koch. in Walp. Ann. vol. vi. p. 72.)

BILLBERGIA wutans ; acaulis, stolonifera, foliis basalibus productis 12-18 lineari-
ensiformibus sesquipedalibus vel bipedalibus chartaceis sursum faleatis ad
apicem sensim attenuatis margine denticulatis facie viridibus deorsum can-
aliculatis dorso striatis parce albo lepidotis haud fasciatis, pedunculo sub-
pedali foliis scariosis bracteiformibus superioribus rubellis, floribus 4-8 in
racemum subspicatum cernuum dispositis, braceteis minutis deltoideis,
ovario oblongo glabro viridi multisulcato, sepalis lanceolatis acutis ovario
longioribus, petalis lanceolatis viridibus margine cceruleis basi squamatis
sepalis duplo longioribus, staminibus petalis cequilongis antheris linearibus
versatilibus, stigmate exserto.

B. nutans, H. Wendl. in Regel. Gartenjl. vol. xviii. (1869) p. 162 t. 617 ; B. Morren
in Belg. Hort. 1876, p. 220 t. 15.

This is one of the best marked species of that section of
the genus Bil/bergia which is characterised by a comparatively
lax drooping inflorescence and bright red bract-like upper
stem-leaves, to which belong many of the species which are
most highly prized in horticulture. This one may be re-
cognised, at a glance, by its narrow acute leaves and green
petals with a sudden blue edge. The precise country to
which it belongs is not known, and there are no dried wild
specimens in our London herbaria, but the head-quarters of
its allies are Central and Southern Brazil. We have had
the plant at Kew for some time. The plate was drawn from a
specimen that flowered at Kew in January, and it has also
been flowered this winter by Mr. Chas. Green, in the fine
collection of Sir George Macleay. It was first introduced
into cultivation about 1868.

Dezscr. <Acaulescent, stoloniferous. Zeaves twelve to
eighteen produced in a utricular’ rosette, linear-ensiform,
reaching finally a length of one and a half or two feet, half

APRIL Ist, 1878.

an inch broad at the top of the dilated base, narrowed
gradually to the point, falcate in the upper half, minutely
toothed, the face bright green, the back finely striped and
thinly white-lepidote, without any bands or spots. Peduncle
central, about a foot long, its bract-leaves erect and lanceolate,
the lower ones greenish, the upper bright red. lowers four
to eight in a cernuous subspicate raceme; pedicels very
short or none; bracts minute, deltoid. Perianth about two
inches long; ovary oblong, naked, bright green, with many
irregular vertical ribs and hollows. Sepals lanceolate, acute,
about half an inch long. Pefa/s lanceolate, twice as long as
the sepals, bright green, with a sudden blue edge, with
a couple of small scales near the base. Stamens reaching
to the top of the petals; anthers yellow, linear, ver-
satile. Sfy/e a little longer than the stamens; stigmas con-
volute—J. G. Baker. :

Fig. 1, a flower cut through vertically, nat. size ; 2, a scale from the base of a
petal; 3, an anther; 4, stigmas :—the three last magnified.

64-24,

MS. del JN Fitch lith

Vincent: Brooks Day & Son imp

L.Reeve & C° London.

Tas. 6424. ”
LINARIA patmatica.

Native of 8S. Europe, Asia Minor, and Persia.

Nat. Ord. Scropuubarinex.—Tribe ANTIRRHINE.
Genus Lrvari, Pers.; (Benth. § Hook.f. Gen. Pl. vol. ii. p. 932.)

Liyaria (Linariastrum) dalmatica: erecta, elata, robusta, paniculatim ramosa,
glaberrima, glauca, foliis plerisque alternis patentibus ovato-v. oblongo-v.
elongato-lanceolatis acuminatis integerrimis subrigidis nervis obscuris, basi
angustatis v. semi-amplexi caulibus, racemis paniculatis foliosis gracilibus
elongatis patentibus multifloris, floribus remotiusculis amplis breviter pedi-
cellatis, bracteis foliaceis, calycis segmentis lanceolatis acuminatis patulis,
corolla lutea basi in calcar rectum subulatum producta, labii superioris seg-
mentis recurvis acutis, inferioris lobis 2 lateralibus amplis reflexis intermedio
minuto porrecto subacuto, palato prominente ochrolemo villoso.

L. dalmatica, Mill. Dict. ed. 8, No. 13; Chavannes, Monog. Antirrh., 126; Ait.
Hort. Kew, ed. 2, vol. iv. p.16; Bot. Reg.,t. 1683; Reich. Iconog, t. 488 ;

Benth. in DO. Prodr., vol. x. p. 275.
L. grandiflora, Desf. Coroll. inst. Tourn., 30 t. 21.
Antirrhinum dalmaticum, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 857.

A handsome but very variable hardy Toadflax, of which a
rigid erect form, with crowded flowers in a dense raceme is
figured in the “Botanical Register,” from seeds sent from
Persia. It was, however, introduced into England before
1731, when it was cultivated by Phillip Miller in his garden
at Chelsea. It has a wide geographical range; commencing
in the east side of the Adriatic, it ranges through the islands
of the Levant to Constantinople, Odessa, the Caucasus, Meso-
potamia, Persia, and the Caspian Sea. Throughout this
great extent of country it retains its floral characters with
remarkable uniformity, but varies in habit, being sometimes
very robust, and in foliage from very broadly ovate and
amplexicaul to narrow linear-lanceolate and narrowed at the
base. Though never before figured in this Magazine, it has
been for many years cultivated at Kew, where it flowers in
the open border in September.

APRIL Ist, 1879.

Drscr. A robust erect more or less paniculately branched
glaucous smooth perennial. Leaves scattered, spreading, from
one-half to four inches long; usually lanceolate or ovate-
lanceolate from a semi-amplexicaul base, rather rigid,
smooth, with obscure nerves, sometimes short and broadly
ovate, at others oblong, at others linear-lanceolate and two
inches long with a narrow base. Racemes long, slender, —
panicled, spreading, with distinct flowers, or stout erect with
crowded flowers ; bracteal leaves, like the cauline, but shorter,
spreading ; pedicels shorter than the flower, erect, stout.
Calyzx-segmenis ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, spreading, erect in
fruit. Corolla nearly two inches long, including the spur;
bright golden yellow, with orange on the palate; tube short,
compressed, rather gibbous behind at the base, produced in
front into a slender straight subulate spur of its own length ;
limb large, upper lip with two broad acute reflexed lobes ;
lower with two very broad reflexed overlapping rounded
lateral lobes, between which the small obtuse or subacute
mid-lobe projects ; palate prominent, villous. Stamens hairy
at the base. Ovary glabrous. Capsule small, globose, opening

by apical teeth. Seeds angular, with raised edges and
tubercled faces.—J. D. H.

_ _Hig 1, upper lip and outer of the corolla laid open, showing the stamens; 2,
pistil :—both enlarged.

G425.

Vincent Brocks,Day &San Imp

Tas. 6425.

CASSIA anata.
Native of Tropical America.

Nat. Ord. Lecumryosa.—Tribe Casstea.
Genus Cassia, Linn.; (Benth. § Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. i. p. 57.)

Cassta(Senna) alata: fruticosa, ramulis robustis pubescentibus, foliis 2-pedalibus
rachi articulata 2-alata eglandulosa, foliolis 8-16-jugis amplis breviter petio-
lulatis oppositis lineari-oblongis basi rotundatis v. oblique subcordatis apice
rotundatis retusisve apiculatis glaberrimis nervosis terminalibus smpe
rotundatis, stipulis ovato-cordatis subulato-acuminatis persistentibus,
racemis terminalibus axillarisbusque strictis multifloris simplicibus v. 2-fidis,
bracteis ovatis concavis, sepalis coloratis, legumine ligulato stricto, valvis
late longitudinaliter alatis alis crenatis, seminibus gomplanatis trape-
zoideis faciebus excavatis marginibus discoque medio incrassatis.

C. alata, Linn. ; Willd. Sp. Pl. vol. ii. p. 523 ; Ait. Hort. Kew., ed. 2, vol. iii. p. 29;
DO. Prodr., vol. ii. p. 492; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind., p. 209; Wight. et
Arn. Fl. Penins Ind. Or., p. 253 ; Wight. Se. Pl. Ind. Or., t. 453; Hook. J.
Fl. Brit. Ind., vol. ii. p. 264; Reichb. Ic. et descr. Pl. Cult., t. 84.

C. bracteata, Linn. fil. Suppl. 232; DC.1. c.
Senna alata, Roxb. Fl. Ind., vol. ii. p. 349.
Herpetica, Jacq. Obs. vol ii. p. 24, t. 45, f.2; Rumph. Hort. Ambowm., vol. ii. t. 18;

A very handsome large shrub, a native of tropical America,
whence it has been introduced into all other tropical countries,
in many of which it has established itself as a denizen, notably
in India, where it is found in gardens and naturalized in
Bengal. According to Roxburgh it is known to Europeans in
the Carnatic provinces under the name of Mitta tamara,
and the same author ascribes also to it names in Sanscrit,
Hindi, Bengali, and Telinga, which would go far to esta-
blish its claim to be a native of India, had the fact of its
introduction from the New World not been well established —
by evidence of various kinds. Drury, in his “ Useful plants
of India” (p. 120), calls it the Ring-worm plant, and citing
Roxburgh and others, says that its leaves mixed with lime-

juice are used as a remedy for ring-worm, as are its fresh leaves
bruised and simply rubbed into the diseased parts. The

leaves are also an aperient, and a tincture of them when dried
operates like Senna. Further the Hindoo doctors affirm that
the plant affords a cure for all poisonous bites.

Cassia alata was introduced into England in 1731 from the
West Indies, and has been raised and flowered at Kew from
seeds received from the Kast Indies, but the specimen here
figured was flowered by Mr. Bull in December of last year.

Descr. A large shrub with a stout trunk, which in old
plants is sometimes spinous from the persistent stipules;
branches robust, downy. eaves two to three feet long,
spreading, strict; rachis jointed and winged on each side,
eglandular ; leaflets eight to fourteen pair, very shortly
petioled, two to five inches long, linear-oblony, quite glabrous ;
apex rounded or retuse, apiculate; base rounded or obliquely
sub-cordate ; nerves 12 to 15 pair; stipules broadly ovate-
cordate, suddenly acuminate, cuspidate, rigid, persistent, often
reddish. Racemes terminal and axillary; rachis one to two
feet long, stout, sub-erect, simple or forked, many-flowered ;
bracts large, coriaceous, caducous, yellow. Flowers shortly
pedicelled, one inch in diameter, golden yellow; Sepals
oblong, obtuse, golden yellow. Petals shortly clawed.
Legume six to ten inches long by three-quarters of an inch
broad, flattened, with a broad crenate wing on the back of
each valve, dark brown. Seeds very numerous, transverse,
trapeziform and narrowed at the base into a stalk, margins
and medial line thickened, faces excavated between the
thicknesses.—J. 8. H.

Fig. 1, petals; 2, stamens; 3, large stamen 4, pods; 5, seed; all but Fig. 4
enlarged.

HID. del JN Fitch lath pm WAV. HY | YOu “Vincunt Brooks Day & San imp

L. Reeve & C° London

Tas. 6426.

ALLIUM srpexn.
Native of Palestine.

Nat. Ord. Littacrm.—Tribe ALLIEZ.
Genus Axium, Linn. (Regel. Monogr. in Act. Hort. Petrop. vol. iii.)

Aum Erdelii ; bulbo solitario subgloboso, foliis 3-4 confertis basalibus late
linearibus acuminatis suberectis glaucis ciliatis facie canaliculatis, scapo
valido tereti, floribus permultis dense umbellatis, pedicellis flore 2-3—plo
longioribus, spathé brevi seepe monophylla rotundata cuspidata interdum
2-3-phylla, perianthii rotati segmentis lanceolatis acutis denticulatis albis
viridi vittatis, staminibus perianthio equilongis, filamentis conformibus
deorsum dilatatis purpureis, ovario globoso-trigono nigro nitido.

A. Erdelii, Zuccar. in Abhand. D. K. Bayr. Acad. vol. iii. p. 237, tab.5; Kunth
Enum., vol. iv. p. 688 ; Regel. Monog., p. 250.

A. Libani, Boiss. MSS.

This is one of the prettiest of all the Alliums for horticultural
purposes. It is allied to the well-known 2. nigrum (of which
a good figure will be found, Boranican Maeazing, t. 1148,
_ under the name of 4. magicum), but is much dwarfer, with a
very compact umbel of large fragrant flowers, the sharp-
pointed white perianth-segments keeled with green, the
filaments with a stain of bright claret purple at the base, and
the ovary a glossy black. It is confined to Palestine, but
extends from the Lebanon range as far south as Jerusalem.
It has not been known in cultivation till last year we
received dried specimens from our diligent correspondent, the
Rev. G. E. Post, of the Syrian Protestant College at Beyrout,
and one of the bulbs being found to be still alive was trans-
ferred from the herbarium to the garden, where it revived,
and in process of time produced the leaves and flowers which
are here drawn. coe

Descr. Bulb solitary, subglobose, about an inch in dia-
meter. Leaves three or four, produced in a rosette from the
surface of the ground, broad linear, suberect, tapering to the
point, glaucous, channelled down the face, minutely ciliated,
half a foot or more long. Scape stout, terete, glaucous, with

a purple tinge towards the base, varying in length from two
to twelve inches. lowers forming a dense umbel, two or
three inches in diameter; pedicels greenish, half an inch or an
inch long; spathe not longer than the pedicels, usually mono-
phyllous, round, cuspidate, sometimes splitting into two or
even three valves. Expanded perianth rotate, about an inch
in diameter; segments lanceolate, acute, denticulate, pure
white, with a narrow green keel. Stamens as long as the
perianth-segments, suberect in the expanded flower ; filaments .
uniform, lanceolate, the upper part white, the base stained
with bright claret-purple ; anthers small, pale yellow, linear-
oblong. Ovary globose-trigonous, glossy black; style short,
claret-purple. Capsule globose-trigonous, a third of an inch

in diameter; seeds two in a cell, superposed, dull black.—
J. G. Baker.

Fig. 1, a monophyllous spathe; fig. 2, an expanded flower :—both magnified.

6427,

Vincent Brooks Day & Son Imp

H.T.D.del. J.N Fitch, Lith

LReeve & C°London.

Tas. 6427.

GOETHEA mackoyana.
Native of Brazil.

Nat. Ord. Matvacrx.—Tribe Urenez.
Genus Gorruea, Car.; (Benth. § Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. i. p. 205.)

Gortnea Mackoyana; fruticosa, ramosa, ramulis petiolisque molliter patentim
pilosis, foliis sparsis gracile petiolatis elliptico-lanceolatis v. oblanceolatis
acuminatis basi acutis supra glabris saturate viridibus subtus pallidioribus
coriaceis utrinque opacis integerrimis v. marginibus obscure undulatis, -
floribus in racemos terminales demum subelongatos dispostis erectis,
bracteis oblongo-lanceolatis subacutis viridibus pedicellos superantibus,
bracteolis 4-5 roseis ovatis v. ovato-lanceolatis acuminatis basi cordatis
pubescentibus calycem 5-fidum duplo longioribus, petalis lineari-oblongis
obtusis fusco-purpureis bracteolis duplo longioribus.

Pavonia Mackoyana, Morren in Belgig. Hort., vol. xxviii, (1878) p- 59. t. iii.

Though in several respects differing in character from the
figure of Pavonia Mackoyana as figured in the Belgique
Horticole under Pavonia, I cannot doubt this being the same
plant; the most striking difference is in the leaves, which in
the above-cited plate are represented as strongly serrate; on
referring however to the accompanying Latin description,
they are stated to subentire (limbo subintegro), and in the ac-
companying remarks as ‘‘limbe presque entier ou faiblement
acute.” They are also much larger in the Belgian figure than
in our plant, but this may be due to the specimen being better
grown. Another discrepance in character is the absence of
minute pellucid dots in the leaves described by Morren; in
place of which I find minute furfuraceous scales on the young
bracts. Though referred by Morren to Pavonia, that learned
author justly remarks that this plant is referable to Goethea
by those who uphold that genus, as is done by Bentham in the
“Genera Plantarum” and apparently with sufficient reason,
the remarkable bracts forming a very well marked character in
this species as well as in the original G. caulifora, Nees, and
in G. strictiflora, Hook. (Tab. nost. 4677). On the other

hand the character of Goethea taken from the inflorescence
being cauline, breaks down in this plant, in which it is race-
mose as in Pavonia proper.

G. Mackoyana was introduced from Brazil, in 1873, by
Jacob Mackoy of Liege, and the specimen here figured was
communicated by Mr. Bull, with whom it tlowered in December
of last year.

Descr. A shrub; branches short, cylindrical, clothed,
as also the petioles, with soft spreading close-set
hairs. Leaves three to five inches long, elliptic-lanceolate,
acuminate, quite entire or obscurely sinuate, coriaceous,
dark-green, glabrous, nerves beneath red-brown; petiole
three-fourths to one and a half inch long, slender.
Flowers in a terminal dense raceme which elongates during
flowering; bracts one-half to three-fourths of an inch
long, elliptic- or linear-lanceolate, acuminate, pubescent ;
pedicels shorter than the bracts, jointed about the middle.
Bracteoles four or five, two-thirds of an inch long, ovate or
ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, pubescent, rose-red, cordate at the
base, plaited. Calyx half as long as the bracts, campanulate,
5-lobed to below the middle, segments acute. Petals dark
brown purple, twice as long as the bracteoles, linear-oblong,
rounded at the tip, erect, about 7-nerved. i/aments and
styles rose-red ; anthers and stigmas blue purple.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, calyx; 2, petals; teeth of stamina] tube :—all enlarged.

wit al itysu aD

ee A Week

ay

Vincent Brooks Day & Son Imp

HT. D. del JN Fitch lith

LReeve &@° London

Tas. 6428.

IRIS picuotoma,
Native of Eastern Siberia.

Nat. Ord. Tripacex.—Tribe InmEx.
Genus Iris, Linn.; (Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc., vol. xvi. p. 136.)

Iris (Apogon) dichotoma ; rhizomate breviter reptante rosulis foliorum confertis,
foliis laxe dispositis ensiformibus subpedalibus, caule 3-4-pedali valde
ramoso, pedunculis ascendéntibus elongatis, floribus 4-6-nis purpureis ves-
pertinis fugacibus, spathis brevibus valvis exterioribus oblongis viridulis
firmulis, interioribus membranaceis, pedicellis spath4 squilongis, ovario
clavato semipollicari, tubo supra ovarium nullo, segmentis exterioribus ob-
lanceolato-spathulatis limbo falcato recurvato ungue variegato subduplo
breviori, segmentis interioribus paulo brevioribus immaculatis emarginatis,
styli ramis oblanceolato-oblongis, cristis lanceolatis, antheris filamento libero
zequilongis.

I. dichotoma, Linn. fil. Suppl., p. 97; Vahl. Enum. vol. ii. p. 236; Willd. Sp.
Plant. vol. i. p. 230; Ker. in Bot. Reg. t. 246; Sweet Brit. Flow. Gard.
t. 96, ete.

I. pomeridiana, Fischer MSS. ; Klatt.in Linnea, vol. xxxiv. p. 612.

Pardanthus dichotomus, Led. Fl. Ross. vol. iv. p, 106.

_ This is a very distinct species of Iris, remarkable for its
much branched habit, short spathes and fugacious, rather small
bright purple flowers, which expand in the evening, one after
another in the same cluster on successive days, after the fashion
of Zigridia or Pardanthus. Tt is a native of the Eastern half
of Siberia, and has long been known in cultivation, but it has
always been very rare, and it has not yet appeared in the
Boranican Magazine. The drawing was made from a plant
that flowered at Kew last September, raised, I believe,
originally from seeds sent by Dr. Hance.

Descr. Rhizome short-creeping, with the tufts of leaves
crowded upon it. Produced /eaves six or eight in a distichous
tuft, the base of which exfends over the lowest half-foot of the
stem, ensiform, pale green, the largest about a foot long and
an inch broad. Mowering-stems three or four feet high, much
more branched than in any other species of the genus. /Vowers
four or six ina cluster, scentless, bright violet-purple. Spathe-,

valves under an inch long, subequal, the outer ones oblong
green and firm in texture, the inner membranous. LPedicels
just as long asthe spathe, articulated at the tip. Ovary
clavate, half an inch long; perianth-tube obsolete ubove the
ovary; outer segments of the limb oblanceolate-spathulate, an
inch and a half Jong, the reflexing roundish violet-purple limb
not more than half as long as the permanently suberect claw,
which has a beardless pale green keel, from which lines of
bright purple on a paler ground radiate transversely; inner
segments of the perianth similar in shape to the outer, but
rather shorter, plain purple, deeply emarginate at the tip.
Petaloid branches of the séyle vblanceolate—oblong, nearly
white ; crests lanceolate, very acute. Authers linear-oblong,
equalling in length the free filaments—/. G. B.

Fig. 1, outer segment of the perianth; Fig. 2, petaloid branch of the style
with its crests :—both enlarged.

Vincent Brooks Day & Son Imp

i
LReeve ’& C&London

Tas. 6429,

ALBUCA WAKEFIELDII.
Native of Kast Tropical Africa.

Nat: Ord. Litiacea:.—Tribe Scruie”.
Genus Axsuca, Linn.: (Baker in Journ. Linn. Soe. vol. xiii. p. 285.)

AtBuca (Pallastema) Wakefieldii; bulbo ovoideo tunicis brunneis apice
truncatis, foliis 4-5 lineari-ensiformibus acuminatis glabris flaccidis peda-
libus vel sesquipedalibus, scapo tereti bipedali, floribus 10-12 imodoris
cernuis laxe racemosis, pedicellis ascendentibus flore brevioribus, bracteis
parvis lanceolatis, perianthii albo-viriduli segmentis exterioribus planis
lineari-oblongis, interioribus oblanceolato-oblongis albido marginatis apice
cucullatis, staminibus omnibus fertilibus, filamentis applanatis basi pan-
duriformibus, antheris parvis oblongis, stylo subulato ovario 2-3 plo-longiori.

The bulbs of this interesting new A/suca were sent by the
Rey. Mr. Wakefield, through Colonel Grant, to the Kew col-
lection, where the plant flowered for the first time last autumn.
Pallastema is a subgenus of Albuca, with a perianth like that
of the type, but with a style instead of being short and
prismatic, subulate, and much longer than the ovary, as in an
ordinary Ornithogalum or Scilla. he subgenus is confined to
tropical Africa, and for nearly a century only a single species
was known, Albuca abyssinica, named by Dryander, and
figured by Jacquin and Redouté. Through the explorations
of late years six additional species have been added, four by
Dr. Welwitsch in Angola, and one by Baines on the east side
of the continent, near the southern tropic. Since the date of
my monograph of Albuca in 1873, altogether twelve new
species have been added to the sixteen then known.

Duscr. Bulb pale green, ovoid, an inch and a half in
diameter ; tunics membranous, pale brown, not produced into
bristles at the tip. Leaves four or five produced, cotempo-
rary with the flowers, linear-ensiform, flaccid, glabrous, a
foot or a foot and a half long, an inch broad at the base,
tapering to the point. Scape terete, longer than the leaves.
Flowers ten or twelve, arranged in a laxe raceme, which is six

or nine inches in length when fully expanded, cernuous,
scentless, greenish-white ; pedicels ascending, the lowest under
an inch long; bracts lanceolate, shorter than the pedicels.
Perianth an inch long ; outer segments flat, linear-oblong, all
green ; inner segments broader, oblanceolate-oblong, green,
with broad white borders, inflexed at the tip. Stamens all
fertile, rather shorter than the inner segments of the perianth ;
filaments flattened, dilated at the base, and again auricled
above the top of the ovary; anthers small, pale yellow,
oblong. Ovary oblong-trigonous ; style subulate, more than
twice as long as the ovary ; stigma capitate.—/ G. Baker.

Fig 1, a flower with the perianth stripped away : magnified.

ent Brooks Day &Son Top

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Tas. 6430.

ASTER 'TownsHenv1t.
Native of Colorado,

Nat. Ord. Composirm.—Tribe AsTEROIDER,

Genus Aster, Linn. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl, ii. 271).

Aster (Euaster) Townshendii : erecta, herbacea, ramosa, scaberulo-pilosa, ramis
robustis costatis foliosis, foliis radicalibus elongato-spathulatis obscure sinuatis
apice rotundatis, petiolo alato, caulinis e basi semiamplexicauli ovato-oblongis
obtusis irregulariter dentatis, capitulis 2} poll.diam., pedunculis validis foliaceo-
bracteatis, involucri late turbinati bracteis numerosissimis multiseriatis her-
baceis rigidis linearibus acutis squarroso-recurvis hispidulis exterioribus bre-
vioribus, ligulis sub.-2-seriatis pollicaribus linearibus, herbaceis, fl. disci flavis
pappo 1-seriato setis inequalibus, appendicibus stigmatis brevibus obovatis,
acheniis glabris.

I fail to find any description, or any specimen in the Kew
Herbarium answering to the character of this very handsome
plant, whose nearest ally appears to be the Aster canescens, A.
Gr , (Diplopappus incanus, Lindl., tab. nost. 3382, var. latifolia,
Gray, from which it differs in its scabrid hairs, robust habit,
the cordate bases of the much broader leaves, and the very
large heads. It is remarkable that so beautiful a plant should
have escaped the notice of the many excellent botanists and
zealous collectors that have explored the Rocky Mountains of
Colorado, and that it should find no place in the synopsis of
that Flora published in 1874 by Messrs. Porter and Coulter.
It was raised from seeds presented in 1877 to the Royal
Gardens by Richard B. Townshend, Esq., a gentleman who has
resided in Colorado, and to whom the gardens are indebted
for other valuable contributions from that interesting country.
The seeds vegetated freely and the plant flowered profusely
in September, 1878. ;

Descr. A stout, much branched herb, clothed with short
rigid hairs; stem and branches green, angled and ribbed,
leafy. Radical leaves 8 to 12 inches long by one to one and a

JUNE Ist, 1879. :

half inches broad, elongate-spathulate from a broad winged
petiole, rounded at the apex, margin obscurely undulated,
midrib very stout; cauline ovate-oblong, obtuse from a cordate
semiamplexicaul base, remotely and irregularly toothed,
spreading, bright green, paler beneath. Heads terminating all
the branches, two and a half inches in diameter ; peduncles stout,
thickened upwards, bearing short rather squarrose scattered
linear bracts with cordate bases. Involucre between turbinate
and hemispherical; bracts very numerous, in many series,
linear, acute, rigidly herbaceous, green, strongly recurved
from about the middle, giving the involucre a squarrose appear-
ance, innermost erect, all scabrid, the tips glandular. Receptacle
flat, pitted. Ray-flower in about two series, bright violet- blue ;
ligules an inch long, minutely toothed at the tip ;_ style-arms
slender with rounded tips. Disk-flowers golden yellow,
puberulous ; corolla lobes short ; style-arms with obovate broad

appendages. Pappus of few marginal bristles. _Achenes (un-
ripe) glabrous, smooth.—/. D. H.

Fig. 1, Vertical section of involucre and receptacle ; 2, inner bract of involucre ; 3,
ray-flower; 4, its style-arms; 5, disk-flower; 6 and 7,itsarms; 8, disk-flower,

with inner bract of involucre connate to the achene; 9, hair of pappus :—all
enlarged.

Vincent Brooks Day& Son Imp

JN Fitch Lith

L. Reeve & C° Landon.

Tas. 6431.
CALCEOLARIA DEFLEXA.
Native of Peru.

Nat. Ord. ScropHuLARINEZ.—Tribe CALCEOLARIE®.

Genus, CatcroariA, Linn; (Benth et Hook., f. Gen. Pl. vol. it. p. 919).

Catcrorarta (Salicifolie) fuchsiefolia; gracilis, glabra, suffruticosa, ramulis
teretiusculis, v. obtuse 4-gonis, foliis petiolatis ovato-lanceolatis insequaliter
denticulatis supra luride viridibus paniculeque .ramis plus minusve verni-
cosis subtus pallidis, paniculis amplis, axillis 2-foliatis, floribus nutantibus,
calycis lobis triangulari-ovatis, corolle glabra labio superiore reniformi-orbi-
culare crenato, inferiore inflato subgloboso incurvo paulo minore.

C. deflexa, Ruiz and Pav., Fl. Per. & Chil. vol. i. p. 15, t. 23, f. a.; Benth. in
DOC. Prodr, vol.-x. 217.

C. fuchsieefolia, Hemsl. in The Garden, 1879, p. 258.

After a careful examination of the species of Calceolaria
belonging to the ninth, or Salicifolia section of Bentham, in
De Candolle’s ‘‘ Prodromus,” and a comparison of the nume-
rous specimens which have accumulated in our Herbaria
since the publication of that work, I think it cannot be
doubted that these species have been unduly multiplied, and
that it is even doubtful whether some of the original species
of Ruiz and Pavon may not have been separated on trivial
grounds. Be this as it may, the identity of the present
plant with the C. defleca of Ruiz and Payon cannot be ques-
tioned ; the character mainly depended upon by Mr. Hemsley,
who advances the species doubtfully, for distinguishing it,
namely, the absence of viscosity, not holding good with the
specimen here figured, in which the upper surface of the
leaves and the branches of the panicle were more or less
shining from the presence of a viscous exudation ; a character,
however, depending for its development on the warmth of the
weather and on the condition of the plant.

Specimens which I cannot distinguish from these, and named
_ by Bentham C. defleva, are contained in the Kew Herbaria,
gathered in the Cauta valley by Cruckshanks, near San

JUNE Ist, 1879.

Matteo, by Matthews, and near Quito by Professor Jameson ;
and there are specimens in the Herbaria which were culti-
vated many years ago from Messrs. Veitch’s garden (probably
then at Exeter). I suspect that C. cerasifolia, Benth., C.
involuta, Ruiz and Pavon, and C. viscosa, R. and P. are
all forms of one plant, which in this case extends from New
Granada to Peru. ©. stricta, H. B. & K., differs in its larger
leaves, more narrowed into the petiole; and @. tetragona,
Benth., in the entire larger more elliptic leaves and large
calyx. I should mention that, in identifying the plants of
Ruiz and Pavon by those authors’ plates, much allowance
must be made for these being often made by very inferior
artists from very incomplete specimens, and these always
a dried state.
. _ @. defleea was introduced into cultivation by Messrs.
Rodger M‘Clelland and Co., of Newry, and the figure here
given was taken partly from specimens kindly communicated
by W. T. Gumbleton, Esq., in March last, and partly from
one that flowered at Kew at the same time. :
Duscr. A slender glabrous undershrub ; stem and branches
round or obscurely four-angled; leaves above, and panicle
more or less viscid. Leaves two to two and a half inches
long, ovate-lanceolate, acute, unequally toothed or serrate,
rounded acute or subcordate at the base, dark green above,
whitish beneath ; petiole one quarter to half an inch long.
Panicle large, effuse, with small opposite lanceolate leaves at
the forks. //owers drooping, on slender pedicels. Calyx-lobes
triangular-ovate, one-third of an inch long, acute. Corolla
one inch across the lobes, sulphur-yellow; lips subequal,
upper orbicular-reniform, compressed from back to front,
crenate; lower rather larger, inflated, incurved and rounded ;
mouth subquadrate, villous, exposing the stamens and ovary.
Ovary conical, glabrous ; style short-—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Upper lip of corolla and stamens ovary ; 2, vertical section of flowers
3, calyx and unripe fruit ; 4, stamens :—all enlarged. .

6432

ans : aia

oks Day &SonImp

Vincent Bro

L. Reeve & C° London

Tan. 6432.
CYPRIPEDIUM LAWRENCEANUM.

Native of Borneo.

Nat. Ord. OrncHipEx.—Tribe CypripEDIEX.

Genus Cyprrivepium, Linn.; (Endl. Gen. Plant., p. 220).

Cypripepium Lawrenceanum, acaule v. caulescens, foliis paucis distichis lineari-
ellipticis acutis planis viridibus albo tessellatis, scapo tomentoso purpureo 1-2-
flore, flore magno, sepalo dorsali orbiculato amplo subacuto albo purpureo-
vittato vittis basin versus verrucosis lateralibus parvis in laminam angustam
lineari-oblongam concavam obtusam deflexam labello breviorem connatis,
petalis planis horizontalibus late linearibus ciliatis secus marginem verrucosis
nitidis ciliatis purpureis ornato, labello subcylindriceo apice rotundato fusco-
purpureo, ore parum ampliato, anthera sterili Iunata cuspidibus incurvis
acutis margine interiore fisso.

C. Lawrenceanum, Reichb. in Gard. Chron. 1878, ii. p. 748.

Dr. Reichenbach in his description of this plant well re-
marks that it unites the flower of the Javan C. barbatum with
the foliage of C. Dayanum. It is one of a series of forms of the
genus, with few linear usually tessellately spotted leaves, few-
or single-flowered scapes, spreading petals, broad dorsal sepal
and small combined lateral sepals, which extends from Nepal on
the West (C. venustum, tab. nost. 2129) to Borneo and the
Philippine Islands on the East, the colour becoming more
intense and the flowers larger in proceeding southward and
eastward, till they attain their known maximum in the pre-
sent splendid Bornean species, and in C. Argus (tab. 6175) of
the Philippine Islands. It includes also C. purpuratum (tab.
nost. 4901) of the Indian Peninsula, C. barbatum, Ldl. (t.
4234) of Java, C. Hookerw, Rehb. f. (t. 5362), C. Faireanum,
Ldl. (t. 5024), and others. @. Lawrenceanum is one of Mr.
Burbidge’s discoveries during his recent expedition to Borneo,
in the service of the Messrs. Veitch ; another of the fruits of
which journey is the beautiful Burbidgea nitida, figured in the
January Number of this work (t. 6403). Mr. Burbidge in-
forms me that he found it on sandstone and limestone rocks,

JUNE Ist, 1879.

in shady forests, at an elevation of 2000 feet, sometimes at-
taining three feet in height. It flowered in Messrs. Veitch’s
establishment in December, 1878, and was named by Dr.
Reichenbach after Sir Trevor Lawrence, Bart., M.P., the
possessor of a renowned collection of Orchids, which the
author of the species describes as being of exceptional richness
and beauty.

Descr. Stemless, or with the stem a foot high. Leaves
distichous, nearly a foot long, including the broad flattened
sheath, linear-elliptic, acute, two inches broad, nearly flat,
grooved down the centre in front, and keeled at the back,
about 12-nerved, tessellated with bright greenish white and
dull green. Scape longer than the leaves, flexuous,
1-2-flowered, clothed with long spreading glandular hairs, as
are the bract, ovary, and back of the sepals. Bract small,
oblong, obtuse. Flower erect, upwards of five inches across
the petals, and as much from the tip of the dorsal sepal to
that of the lip. . Dorsal sepal very large, orbicular, rather
broader above the middle, white with broad purple alternately
long and shorter bands, the latter warted towards the base,
none of them reaching the tip ; margins very slightly revolute
below the middle; lateral sepals combined into a brown
oblong obtuse concave ribbed limb much shorter than the
lip. Petals straight, flat, two and a half inches long, and one
half inch broad ; ciliate, green, dull purple towards the subacute
tips, with a series of six or eight purple vanished hairy
warts along each margin, and a few on the disk beyond the
middle. Zip dull purple, two inches long, subcylindrical,
ventricose below the middle, mouth slightly dilated, emargi-
nate in front, Staminode lunate with acute incurved cusps, and

five teeth in the sinus, cleft with a narrow sinus at the
back.— J. D. H.

6433.

MS. del J-NFitch,Lith.

Tas. 6433..

CHIONODOXA Luci.
Native of Asia Minor and Crete.

Nat. Ord. Lintacem.— Tribe HyactntaHex,

Genus Cur1onopoxa, Boiss. (Baker in Journ, Linn. Soe. vol, xi. p. 435).

Curonopoxa Lucilig; bulbo ovoideo tunicis brunneis membranaceis, foliis 2-3
loratis erectis viridibus facie canaliculatis apice cucullatis, scapo gracili
tereti, floribus 1-10 in racemum laxum deltoideum dispositis, bracteis
minutis membranaceis deltoideis, pedicellis patulo-cernuis, perianthii cceru-
leo-albi tubo oblongo, segmentis oblongo-lanceolatis tubo subtriplo longior-
ibus, filamentis brevibus inequalibus, antheris filamento longioribus, ovario
globoso, stylo brevi cylindrico, stigmate capitato.

C. Lucilie, Boiss. Diagn. part 5, p. 62; Baker in Journ, Linn, Soe. vol. xi. p. 436.

C. Forbesii, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soe. loc. cit.

This is one of the most valuable and interesting additions
to our list of early-flowering Spring bulbs that has been
made for a long time. I quite agree with Mr. Elwes, who
writes of it ( Gardeners’ Chronicle, 1879, p. 379): ‘* I can say
with confidence that it is one of the best, if not the very best
of all its class, far surpassing any of the Squills, and appa-
rently as hardy and as easy to increase as Scilla sibirica.”
Now that we know the plant pretty thoroughly in a living
state, 1 do not wish any longer to attempt to separate my
Chionodoxa Forbesii, discovered by the late Professor Edward
Forbes on the Lycian ‘!aurus, or the white-flowered Cretan
plant gathered by his fellow-explorer, Lieutenant Spratt, on
the summit of Mount Ida, from the Anatolian C. Lucilie of ©
Boissier, which represents a starved dwarf one-flowered con-
dition of the species ; and I am inclined also to believe that,
in a broad botanical sense, the Cretan @. nana and C. ecretica
are not more than varieties of the same species. The former,
however, is in cultivation, and it is much inferior to C. Lucilie
in horticultural effect. Our present plant was discovered by
Boissier, in June, 1842, flowering amongst the melting snows

JUNE Ist, 1879,

of the western Tmolus, above Bozdagh, at an elevation above
sea-level of 7000 feet. It was introduced into cultivation by
Mr. G. Maw, from one of whose letters I cite the following

account of the circumstances under which he found it:— ~

‘The specimens were obtained the first week in May, 1877,
in ascending the Nymph Dagh, east of Smyrna, at elevations
of from 3000 to 4300 feet. At the lower level it was out
of flower, but near the summit of the mountain a great mass
of it was met with in full splendour, forming one of the most
sumptuous displays of floral beauty I ever beheld ; a mass of
blue and white resembling Nemophila insignis in colour, but
more intense and brilliant. Close at hand were Tulips of
several species, yellow Fritillaries, Galanthus Elwesii, yellow
Gageas of several species, Croci, Colchicum bulbocodioides,
Scillas, etc., a perfect paradise for the bulb collector and the
botanist.” Mr. Maw adds that the Chionodoxa has proved
itself perfectly hardy in the open ground at Benthall during
the late exceptionally severe winter, and that the bulbs
which he brought home in 1877 have increased in size and
strength. :

Duscr. Bulb ovoid, with brown membranous tunics. Leaves
two or three to a stem, sheathing it for some distance above
the base, lorate, fleshy, bright green, three to six inches long
at the time of flowering, channelled down the face, cucullate
at the tip. Scape attaining a length of four or six inches
above the bulb, slender, terete. Flowers from one to ten,
arranged in a very lax deltoid raceme, with minute mem-
branous bracts, and cernuous pedicels. Perianth bright blue
or rarely entirely white, nine or twelve lines long, with an
oblong tube, and six spreading oblong-lanceolate segments
under a quarter of an inch broad. Filaments flat, white, un-
equal ; the larger a sixth of an inch, the smaller an eighth of
an inch long, touching edge to edge, but not forming a dis-
tinct corona, as in Puschkinia. Anthers linear, cleft at the
tip, protruding out of the cup formed by the filaments.
Ovary blue, sessile, globose, with a short cylindrical style
and a capitate stigma.—J. G. Baker.

Fig. 1, a flower opened out natural size ; fi f
: : ; } fig. 2, two of the stamens and a po
a of the perianth-tube ; fig. 3, a stamen, viewed from outside ; fig. 4, pistil;
g- 5, horizontal section of ovary :—all enlarged.

Spratt oo gp nee nla

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Tas. 6434.
CINCHONA Catisaya, VERA.

Native of Bolivia and Peru.

Nat. Ord. Rusracex.—Tribe CincHonez.
Genus Cincuona, Linn. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. ii. p. 82).

CrxcHona Calisaya ; foliis oblongis v. obovato lanceolatis obtusis basi attenuatis
rarius utrinque acutis glabratis nitidis v. subtus pubescentibus, axillis
nervorum scrobiculatis, capsula ovata corollam longitudine equante,
seminibus margine crebre fimbriato-denticulatis.

C, Calisaya, Weddell, Hist. Nat. des Quinquinas, p. 30.

Var. a. Calisaya vera, arbor, foliis ellipticis v. oblongo v. lanceolato-obovatis
obtusis. Weddell, 1. c. t. 8, 4, 4 bis, & 28 f. 1-4.

Cartsaya javanica, Howard, Quinology of the East Indian Plantations, t. viii.

The very interesting plant here figured, is the true
famous ‘ Calisaya’ fever-bark, of which a remarkable variety
(Josephiana) is represented in Plate 6052 of this work. It
very closely agrees with the original specimens of C. Calisaya
collected by the author of the species, the late eminent
botanist and traveller Dr. Weddell, in the province of Cara-
baya in Peru. Like its congeners, this species varies very
much in the size, shape, and texture of the leaves. Mr.
Howard identifies this form with that called ‘Schuhkraft’s
Calisaya,’ figured in his ‘ Quinology,’ Plate VIII. The seeds
were received by Mr. Howard from India, where thousands
of acres are under cultivation with this invaluable plant.
The @. Calisaya yields the most important bark for medicinal
purposes of all the species—that known as the yellow bark ;
and it is also that the obtaining of which for cultivation in
India, was the principal object of Mr. Markham’s famous
journey to the border-land of Bolivia and Peru in 1860.
From the Eastern slope of the Andes in that region, Mr.
Markham, assisted by his gardener, Mr. Weir, brought 450
living plants of Cinchona, chiefly belonging to this species, to
the Pacific coast, and thence to England, and the survivors
to India; where, however, owing to many delays attending
the transport, but few arrived in a living state. The diffi-

JUNE Ist, 1879,

culties, and indeed perils, encountered by Mr. Markham in
this journey, are described in his ‘Travels in Peru and
India,’ a work containing not only a fund of varied infor-
mation, regarding the Cinchona trees and the conditions under
which they grow in the Andes, and were introduced into
India, but a deeply interesting account of the extinction of the
Incas in Peru, and of the execrable treatment they and the
Indians received under the rule of their conquerors, the
Spaniards.

Like the two other Cinchonas figured in this work, namely,
the variety of this mentioned above, and @. officinals, t. 5364,
-the C. Calisaya has been flowered for the first time in this

country by J. E. Howard, Esq., F.R.S., of Tottenham, in -

whose conservatory it forms a small tree, eight to nine feet
high, blossoming in March. Besides being a successful
cultivator of this interesting genus, Mr. Howard has the
well-sustained reputation of being an enlightened philan-
thropist, who has energetically aided the Indian Government

in its endeavours to extend the propagation of the Fever-bark |

trees, and to ascertain the value of their properties ; whilst
as a scientific man he has, by his careful researches into the
origin and history of their species and varieties, and his
beautiful illustrated works, produced and circulated regard-
less of labour and cost, earned the gratitude alike of botanists
and pharmacists.

Desor. A lofty tree, with an erect or ascending trunk
often twice as thick as the human body, and a leafy crown
overtopping almost all the trees of its native forests; bark
thick, longitudinally and transversely fissured; branches
spreading. Leaves opposite, oblong-elliptic or obovate-
lanceolate, often large and broad, glabrous and shining above,
beneath with pale veins, in the axils of which are rough
depressions; petiole short. Séipules oblong, obtuse, quite
entire, connected. Panicle large, diffuse, tomentose ;
peduncles square and compressed, main ones opposite,
spreading, secondary and ultimate ones opposite or alter-
nate; bracts minute, ovate, acute. Flowers very numerous.
Calyx minute, 5-toothed. Corolla rose-red, tube half an inch
long, tomentose, as are the spreading lobes. Capsule ovoid,
acute, brown. Seeds yellow; wing elliptical-lanceolate,
subacute at both ends, lacerate on the margin.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Flower cut longitudinally ; 2, stamens; 3, stigmas :—all enlarged.

Ru Ree f
Vincent Brooks Day &Sonsmp

DLReeve &C° London.

Tas. 6435,

LAMPROCOCOUS Werzpacutz.
Native of Brazil.

Nat. Ord. Bromeniacex.—Tribe ANANASSEX.

Genus Lamprococeus; Beer Fam. Brom. p. 103.

Lamrrococeus Weilbachii ; acaulis, foliis productis 12-20 dense rosulatis loratis
pedalibus vel sesquipedalibus nitide viridibus supra basin dilatatum aie
apice deltoideis cuspidatis, pedunculo subpedali erecto foliis bracteiformibus
adpressis superioribus igneis occulto, floribus in paniculam laxam dispositis,
ramis laxis brevibus patulis paucifloris spicatis subsecundis bracteis magnis
igneis lanceolatis suffultis, bracteis floralibus minutis, calycis semipollicaris
rubro-violacei tubo oblongo, segmentis latis brevibus rotundatis cuspi-
datis, petalis parvis rubellis lingulatis basi squamatis, genitalibus petalis
brevioribus.

L. Weilbachii, Z. Morren in Belg. Hort. 1861, p. 805, cum icone; Regel Gar-
tenfl. vol. xvi. p. 98, tab. 539.

L, Laurentianus, K. Koch; HE. Morren in Belg. Hort. 1861, p. 312.

Ecumea Weilbachii, F. Dietr. in Ind. Semin. Hort. Bot. Copen. anno 1854;
Rafarin in Rev. Hort. 1870, p. 171, cum icone.

This is one of the most striking of the cultivated Brome-
liads; for, although in Lamprococcus and Aichmea the
individual flowers are smaller and less showy than in
Billbergia, the bright red rachises and bracts of the present
plant, in combination with its bright green leaves and red-
dish-violet calyx, which all preserve their colour for a long
time, make it an effective species for decorative purposes.
The corolla, however, is small and by no means showy, and
soon fades to a brownish tinge. It has been in cultivation
along time, but is still rare in this country. It was first
described from a specimen that flowered in 1854 in the
Botanic garden at Copenhagen ; and again from a plant intro-
duced about 1860 from Brazil, by Monsieur de Jonghe, of
Brussels. Our present drawing was made from a specimen
that flowered lately in the Kew collection.

Descr. Produced Jeaves twelve to twenty, in a dense
sessile utricular rosette, lorate, a foot or a foot and a half

JUNE Ist, 1879.

long, about three inches broad at the dilated deltoid clasping
base, where it is sharply toothed, entire above the base, thin
in texture for a Bromeliad, an inch or an inch and a half
broad at the middle, bright green on both sides, faintly
lineate down the back, deltoid-cuspidate at the tip. Peduncle
about a foot long, erect, hidden by its lanceolate adpressed
erect imbricating scariose bract-leaves, of which the upper
are bright red. Panicle half a foot long, with several distant
short spreading few-flowered spicate subsecund branches,
subtended by bright red scariose lanceolate bracts as long as
themselves ; rachises, as in the other species of Zamprococcus,
bright red and quite glabrous; flower-bracts minute-round,
navicular, not cuspidate. Calyx half an inch long, the red-
dish-violet oblong tube longer than the round-cuspidate
spirally-twisted segments. Pefals lingulate, obtuse, red,
half an inch long, with a pair of small cuneate dentate scales
at the base. Stamens and style shorter than the petals ;
anthers small, oblong; stigmas slightly spirally twisted.—-
J. G. Baker.

Fig. 1, An entire flower, natural size ; fig. 2, calyx-tube, with a single segment ;
fig. 3, petal and stamen, viewed from inside the flower ; fig. 4, scale from base of
petal ; fig. 5, two stamens ; fig. 6, stigmas; fig. 7, horizontal section of ovary ; fig.
8, an ovule :—all more or less enlarged.

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Tas. 6436.
HYMENOCALLIS MACROSTEPHANA,

Native Country unknown.

Nat. Ord. AmMaryLLIpAcE®.—Tribe PancratiEr.

Genus Hymenocatuis, Salish. ; (Kunth, Enum. vol. v. p. 664).

Hymenocatuis (Choretis) MacrosTEPHANA ; bulbo ovoideo longicollo tunicis brun-
neis membranaceis, foliis 8-9 synanthiis oblanceolatis viridibus 2-3-pedalibus,
scapo robusto ancipiti, umbellis 6-10-floris, bracteis exterioribus deltoideis
interioribus lanceolatis, pedicellis brevibus, ovario semipollicari, perianthii
albi tubo tripollicari, segmentis linearibus patulis tubo paulo longioribus,
corona bipollicari infundulari ore dentato flore expanso subpatulo, filamen-
torum parte libera pollicari incurvato, antheris parvis luteis.

H. macrostephana, Baker in Gard. Chron. 1879, p. 480.

We received this from two sources at the early part of the
present year. First from Sir Philip Egerton, who had it
from a continental nursery under the name of Pancratium
fragrans, and who noticed that it was quite different from the
plant properly so called, which is a variety of Hymenocallis
speciosa ; and afterwards from Mr. Woodbridge, gardener to
the Duke of Northumberland at Sion House, who has grown
it for some time there. We have not been able, so far, to
trace out further its history, or to ascertain its native country.
Its nearest ally is evidently the Mexican Choretis glauca of
Herbert, and the two together form a group midway between
Ismene and the typical species of Hymenocallis, such as
speciosa and caribea, in which the corona is much smaller,
and the free portion of the filaments proportionately larger.
The flower is pure white and sweet-scented, and it certainly
is one of the most valuable of all the Pancraties for decora-
tive purposes. It flowers in February and March. |

Dzscr. Bulb ovoid, two inches in diameter, with brown
membranous tunics and a long neck. Leaves eight or nine to
a bulb, cotemporary with the flowers, aggregated in a basal
rosette, oblanceolate, loosely arcuate, two or three feet long,
two or three inches broad three-quarters of the way up,

JULY Ist, 1879.

narrowed gradually to an inch above the clasping base; the face
bright green, the back paler green. Scape much shorter than the
leaves, ancipitous, an inch in diameter. Umbel six- to ten-
flowered ; pedicels very short; outer spathe-valves deltoid ;
inner lanceolate. Flowers pure white, sweet-scented ; ovary
oblong-trigonous, half an inch long; perianth-tube three
inches long, green in the lower part ; segments linear, rotate,
a little longer than the tube, half an inch broad, Corona
funnel-shaped, two inches in length, and about the same in
diameter at the irregularly-toothed throat, where it spreads a
little when the flower is fully expanded; free portion of the
filaments abruptly incurved, as in Jsmene, about an inch
long; anthers linear, yellow, under half an inch long. Style
protruded an inch and a-half or two inches from the corona,
declinate, greenish ; stigma capitate-—J. G. Baker.

Fig. 1, Horizontal section of the scape :—a little enlarged.

64.5

HED. aeLJ.NFitchTith Vincent Brooks Day & Son imp

L.Reeve & Ce London,

Tas. 6437.

PRIMULA Roska.
Native of Kashmir.

Nat. Ord. Priumvutaces.—Tribe PRIMULER.

Genus Primvuta, Linn. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. ii. p. 631).

Prieta rosea ; glabra, efarinosa, foliis confertis subsessilibus obovato-lanceolatis
acutis crenulatis supra viridibus subtus pallidioribus marginibus vernatione
revolutis, scapo robusto, involucri bracteis carnosis lanceolatis acuminatis
basi in auriculam apice rotundatam oblongam deorsum productis, pedicellis
bracteas sequantibus v. excedentibus, floribus confertis roseis erectis, calyce
ad medium 5-fido, lobis subulatis acutis, corolle tubo calycem paulo exce-

dente, limbi explanati late rosei segmentis planis enneato-obcordatis, lobis
oblongis apice rotundatis, sinu acuto, fauce nuda,

P. rosea, Royle, JU. Himal. Pl. p. 311, t. 75, f£.1; Duby in DC. Prodr, vol. iii. p. 41.

This humble plant proved the most attractive novelty in
the spring Horticultural shows of the present year; and,
indeed, it would be difficult to single out any early-flowering
hardy plant, except perhaps the blue Gentian of the Alps,
which forms a more striking object of its kind. No Primula
heretofore cultivated grows in the same compact manner and
has such brilliantly-coloured flowers, which are almost’ pure
carmine when first expanded, and gradually become pale,
with a shade of purple. The species has been long known to
Indian botanists and natives of the extreme Western
Himalayas, from the district of Kulu eastward to Afghanis-
tan ; Kashmir being its head-quarters, where it was discovered
by the late Dr. Royle’s collectors, and afterwards gathered
by Falconer, Thomson, Edgworth, and lately by Dr.
Aitchieson, to whom the Royal Gardens are indebted for the
seeds which were widely distributed, and from which, I
believe, all the plants hitherto cultivated have been grown.
We reeeived the first flowering specimen from Mr. Ware,
of Tottenham; a few days afterwards it flowered at Kew
and in many other collections. It is quite an Alpine species.
Thomson gathered it at 10,000 to 12,000 feet, and Griffith

JOLY Ist, 1879,

found it in Affghanistan in snowy ravines at 11,000 feet.
Dr. Aitchieson has sent dried specimens of what is either a
larger form or distinct species from a much lower level, 8,500
feet, at Gulmarz, in Kashmir, and these have much larger
obovate, oblong, and sharply toothed leaves, with rounded
apices. In its native mountains it flowers from June to
August, but in England as early as March and April.

Descr.—Glabrous, not mealy. Leaves densely tufted,
obovate-lanceolate, acute, sessile, one to two inches long,
crenulate, deep green above, paler beneath, margins revolute
when young. Scapes many, stout, longer than the leaves,
four- to ten-flowered. Involucral bracts erect, appressed, thick,
lanceolate, acuminate, produced downwards into an oblong
obtuse auricle. Pedicels equalling or exceeding the bracts.
Calyx one-third of an inch long, tube cylindric, cleft to the
middle into five subulate erect lobes. Corolla tube exceeding
the calyx; limb flat, one-half to two-thirds of an inch in
diameter, clear bright rose-carmine; segments cuneate-
obcordate, lobes rounded, with a deep acute sinus; throat
a little swollen, smooth.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Top of scape and bracts ; longitudinal section of flower pias 3 enlarged,

I ath.

> HTD del INF

VEncentBrooks Day & Son Imp

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Tas. 6438.

DENDROBIUM FINDLEYANUM.
Native of Burmah.

Nat. Ord. OrcHipzraz.— Tribe DENDROBIER.

Genus Denprosium, Swartz ; (Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orchid. p. 74).

Denprosium Findleyanum, caulibus articulatis, internodiis 2-3-pollicaribus e basi
gracili clavatis inferne cylindraceis vaginatis parte incrassato obovoideo
nudo sulcato, foliis lineari-oblongis acutis submembranaceis caducis, pedun-
culis lateralibus 1—-2-floris, bracteis parvis appressis, pedicellis gracilibus 2-3-
pollicaribus, floribus 3—poll. diamet. labello flavo excepto albis roseo suffusis,
sepalo dorsali lineari-oblongo acuto, lateralibus ascendentibus recurvis paulo
latioribus, petalis patentibus late oblongis obtusis, labello breviter stipitato
rotundato-cordato margine undulato, disco velutino callo basi obscuro.

D. Findleyanum, Parish et Reichb. f. in Trans. Linn. Soe, vol. xxx. p. 149.
Rteichb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1877, part i. p. 334.

When Dendrobium crassinode, Bens. and Reichb. f. (tab.
nost. 5766) was first published in England, in 1869, it was
considered, and very justly, as one of the most remarkable
species then discovered, on account of the curiously-swollen
internodes, which are not half the length but double the
thickness of those of the present species. The latter, indeed,
in respect of its internodes, form a Jink between that singular
plant and D. nodatum, Reichb. f. (tab. 5470); and together
with Bensonie, nob. (tab. 5679), and some others, forms
a section of the genus of very distinct habit.

D. Findleyanum is one of the Rev. Mr. Parish’s many
Moulmein discoveries. It first flowered with Sir Trevor
Lawrence in 1877; it had, however, been previously described
from dried specimens and drawings, by Messrs. Parish and
Reichenbach, in the thirtieth volume of the Transactions of
the Linnean Society. The specimen figured flowered in the
Royal Gardens in March of the present year, and was one of
Mr. Parish’s many valuable donations to this establishment.

Descr. Stems two feet long, jointed throughout their
length ; joints green, two to three inches long, club-shaped

JULY Ist, 1879.

.

from a slender stalk-like base, which is one-fourth of an inch
in diameter, and covered by the leaf-sheath; the club-shaped
portion is grooved and often three-quarters of an inch
diameter. Leaves three inches long by three-quarters of an
inch broad, spreading, linear-oblong or oblong-lanceolate, acute
or notched at the tip, wavy, bright green, sessile on the
sheath. Peduncles lateral, short, green, one to two flowered ;-
bracts small, appressed ; pedicels two to three inches long,
slender, pale rose coloured. Flowers three inches in diameter,
white, suffused with rose red, except the lip. Sepals oblong-
lanceolate, acute, the lateral recurved. Petals much larger
and broader than the petals, apiculate. Zip when spread out
broadly rounded, ovate or ovate-cordate, acute, membranous,
margin wrinkled, surface tomentose, callus at the base
obscure, dark orange yellow towards the centre, fading into
golden yellow towards the margins. Column with two deep
purple bands in front —J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Lip; 2, column :—both enlarged,

oO

HAD

b

‘Tan. 6439.

TULIPA ScHRENKI.

Native of Central Asia.

Nat. Ord. Lintacku.—Tribe Turrre®.

Genus Touxira, Linn.; (Baker in Journ. Linn. Soe. vol. xiv. p. 275).

Tuttra Schrenzi; bulbo ovoideo tunicis brunneis intus parce pilosis, caule pu-
berulo unifloro 3-4-phyllo, foliis lanceolatis subglaucis facie glabris margine
obscure ciliatis, perianthio erecto rubro vel luteo infundibulari segmentis
conformibus obtusis, staminibus perianthio duplo brevioribus, antheris fila-
mento glabro longioribus, ovario cylindrico-trigono, stigmatibus magnitudine
mediocribus.

T. Schrenki, Regel in Act. Hort. Petrop. vol. ii. p. 439 and 452.

T. Gesneriana, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soe. vol. xiv. p. 284, ex parte: Regel, FI.
Turkest. vol. i. p. 188, ex parte.

This is a close ally of the old well-known Tulipa Gresneriana
of Linneus, from which so many of our garden forms have
originated. It differs from esneriana mainly in the form of
the flower, which is more funnel-shaped, with more spreading
segments. In colour, like Gesneriana, it goes through a wide
range of variation. Our wild specimens, gathered by Schrenk,
have flowers of a uniform pale yellow. In the plant from
which the drawing was made, which was sent to Kew by
Dr. Regel, they were considerably larger and bright crimson
with a yellow throat. It flowers with us at the beginning of
April. It has been gathered in Turkestan by Lehmann and
others, and in the Soongarian desert by Schrenk. Since the
publication of my monograph of the genus in 1874, the
Russian explorers, principally Dr. Albert Regel, have found
eight new Tulips in Central Asia, Kaufmanniana, Kolpakows-
kiana, triphylla, tetraphylla, Kesselringi, Korolkowi, Alberti,
and turkestanica.

Descr. Bulb ovoid, an inch in diameter, with brown mem-
branous tunics, shortly pilose inside in the upper part. Stem

JULY lst, 1879,

about half a foot long, bearing a single erect flower, and
three or four lanceolate Jeaves, with a glabrous rather
glaucous surface and obscurely ciliated margins, the lowest
and largest in the cultivated specimens about four inches long
and an inch and a half broad. Pedunele erect, puberulent,
three or four inches long, Perianth yellow or bright red with
a yellow throat, funnel-shaped, with more spreading segments
than in Gesneriana, an inch long in the wild, nearly two inches
in the cultivated specimens, all the segments similar, oblong,
obtuse. Stamens half as long as the perianth ; anthers lemon-
yellow, longer than the glabrous filaments. Ovary cylindrico-
trigonous, nearly as long as the stamens ; stigmas middle-
sized, a little broader than the diameter of the ovary.—
J. G. Baker.

Fig. 1, First view of a stamen; 2, back view of the same—enlarged.

LReeve &C° London

Tas. 6440.
CAJANUS inpicus.
Native of tropical Asia.

Nat. Ord. LEcuminos%.—Tribe Puasro.er,

Genus Casanus, DC. (Benth, et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. i. p. 641).

Casanus indicus ; frutex, ramulis sulcatis foliis et inflorescentia tomentellis v.
sericeo v. velutino-pubescentibus, foliis pinnatim 3-foliolatis, foliolis ellip-
tico-lanceolatis acuminatis subtus pallidis nervosis resinoso-punctulatis,
stipulis parvis subulatis caducis, stipellis minutis, floribus flavis v. pur-
pureo-lineolatis in racemis axillaribus dispositis ebracteolatis, bracteis
caducis, vexillo orbiculato reflexo, alis dimidiato-obovatis, carina obtusa,
legumine lineari compresso basi et apice angustatis acuminatis 3-5-spermo,
septis distinctis, seminibus compressis hilo laterali estrophiolato.

Casanus indicus, Spr. Syst. Veg. vol. iii. p. 248; Wight et Arn. Prod. Fl. Pen.
Ind. Or, p. 257; Drury, Useful Plants of India, p. 94.

C. bicolor, DC. Cat. Hort. Monsp. p. 85; Prodr, vol. ii. p.406; Lindl. Bot. Reg.
vol. 31, t. 31; Wall. Cat. n. 5577; Carriere in Rev. Horticole, 1874, p. 191,

C. flavus, DC. 1. ¢.

Cytisus Cajan, Linn. Sp. Pl. p.1041; Roxb, Fl. Ind. vol. iii. p. 325; Jacq. Obs.
voi. t 7.

C. pseudo-cajan, Jacq. Hort. Vind. vol. ii. t. 119.
Thora-poru, Rheede, Hort. Mul. vi. t. 13 ; Plum. Ed. Burm, t. 114, f. 2.

This, the Dal, or Dal urur of Bengal, is one of the most
widely-diffused and valuable of tropical Pulses, being con-
sidered in India as next in rank to the Chick Pea (Cicer
arietinum) and is in use amongst all classes of natives as a
nutritious esculent. Its seeds are usually eaten mixed with
rice; the dried wood affords a useful fuel; the charcoal made
from it is in esteem for gunpowder, and the young shoots
afford a good cattle-food. There are two principal varieties
of it described by De Candolle as species, one Lal Toor
(according to-Drury) of the Hindoos (@. flavus, DC.), with
yellow flowers and unspotted 2-3-seeded pods; the other,
Paoud ke Toor, (C. dicolor, DC.) with red stripes on the
standard and spotted 4-5-seeded pods. Roxburgh also
describes two varieties, distinguishable chiefly by their size,
of which the smaller ripens’in half the time of the larger ;

JULY Ist, 1879.

this’ latter is sown in alternate drills with millet (Sorghum
vulgare) which ripens first, and is cut when the Toor 1s quite
small. The larger form attains a height of eight feet and
a circumference of twenty round the extremities of the
branches, is sown in June, takes nine months to ripen, and
yields six hundred-fold; the smaller Toor is only half that
size, is sown in September, and yields only one hundred-
fold. ‘Though probably a perennial, the Cajanus is treated
as an annual in India, because it does not produce a good
second year’s crop, and because the wood is so useful for fuel.
It is also the best wood for procuring fire from friction.

Pigeon Pea and Doll are English names given to the
Cajanus sceds in various parts of the world, and the yellow-
flowered one (C. flavus) is that most esteemed in the West
Indies, where it is called the No-eye Pea; whereas the C.
bicolor, called Congo Pea, is coarser, takes long to boil when
dried, and is used chiefly by the Negroes. Oflate years 1ts
cultivation has been introduced on a large scale into Egypt,
where it is known under the French and other names of
Embrevade, Poisd’Angole, Pois de sept ans, Cytise des Indes,
Woondo, Owendo, Mais Indien, Lentille des Soudan, etc. An
account of it is given by M. Delchevalerie in the “ Belgique
Horticole” for 1873 p. 35, who describes it as three or four
times more nutritious than beans or lentils.

The specimen here figured unites the two Candollean
species, having the pure yellow flower and small stipelle of
C. flavus, and the spotted pods of C. décolor; it was raised
from seeds sent by Dr. King from the Calcutta Botanic
Gardens, and flowered in March of the present year. It isa
curous fact that, well and widely as this plant is known, its
native country is undiscovered. Can it be still to be found
In Western China, or Cochin-China ? —J. D. H.

_Fig. 1, wing; 2 and 3,keel; 4, stamens; 5, valve of pod; 6 and 3, side and
hilum aspect of seed :—all enlurged.

a
A. ¢

del JN Ritch Lith

Vincent Brooks Day &Son imp

Tas. 6441.
AACHMEA MARI®-REGINA.
Native of Costa Rica.

Nat. Ord. BromEniaceEz.—Tribe ANANASSER.

Genus Aicumea, R. & P. ; (Baker in Trimen Journ. 1879, p. 129).

Aicumea (Chevalliera) Marie-regine; acaulis, foliis basalibus 15-20 dense
rosulatis lorato-lanceolatis acutis basi dilatatis subcoriaceis 2-3-pedalibus
utrinque presertim ad faciem inferiorem tenuiter lepidotis spinis marginali-
bus parvis crebris patulis instructis, pedunculo valido stricto subpedali albo-
tomentoso bracteis pluribus lanceolatis reflexis spinoso-dentatis splendide
coccineis proedito, floribus in spicam oblongam densam aggregatis, bracteis
floralibus minutis lanceolatis membranaceis, ovario oblongo albo-lepidoto,
sepalis equilongis et latis obliquis valde imbricatis conspicue cuspidatis,
petalis lingulatis sepalis duplo longioribus primum ceruleis demum rubris
basi distincte bisquamatis, genitalibus inclusis. .

A. Mariev-regine, H. Wendl.jin Hamb. Gartenzeit vol. xix. (1863), p. 82 ; Regel,
Gartenfl. vol. xiii. (1864), p. 152; Baker, in Trimen Journ, 1879, p. 162.

This is botanically a near neighbour of Aechmea (Chevalliera)
Veitchii, figured in the Borantcat Magazine, tab. 6329. The
leaves and spikes of the two plants are similar, but here the
flower-bracts are reduced to a minimum, and the most
effective part of the plant is the large bright red reflexing
bract-leaves of the general peduncle. The present plant is
a native of Costa Rica, where it is used at the feast of
Corpus Christi for the decoration of the altars in the churches.
Its local name is “Flor de Santa Maria,” from which the
scientific name has been taken. It has been in cultivation
in Europe for nearly twenty years, but only flowers rarely.
Our plate was drawn from a specimen that flowered with
Messrs. B. S. Williams and Co., at Holloway, in April of
this present year.

Desor. Leaves fifteen to twenty in a sessile. utricular
rosette, lorate-lanceolate, two or three feet long, three or
four inches broad at the dilated clasping base, two or three
inches in the middle, subcoriaceous in texture, thinly white

AUGUST Ist, 1879.

lepidote on both sides, especially on the under surface,
narrowed gradually to a cuspidate tip, margined with
crowded lanceolate small spreading brown prickles, which
grow gradually less from the base of the leaf upwards,
Pedunele about a foot long, stout, stiffly erect, clothed
throughout with thin white lepidote tomentum, furnished
with numerous reflexing persistent crimson lanceolate bract-
leaves with toothed margins. Flowers in a dense oblong
spike three or four inches long, each subtended by a minute
lanceolate membranous bract. Calyx including the ovary
half an inch long, clothed throughout with white tomentum ;
sepals about as broad as long, oblique, much imbricated,
furnished with a large pungent cusp. etals lingulate,
half an inch long, blue when they first open, turning red
as they fade, furnished each with a pair of minute fimbriated
scales at the base. Stamens and pistil reaching to the
summit of the petals.—J. G. Baker.

_ Figs. 1, and 2, entire flowers, life-size; fig. 8, a calyx-segment, of unusually
irregular form; fig 4, a petal and a couple of stamens; fig. 5, two anthers,
showing their insertion on the filament ; fig. 6, stigmas and summit of style;
fig. 7, horizontal section of ovary :—all more or less enlarged.

ay &Son Imp

Vincent Brooks D

AB. del J.NPitch Lith.

Tas, 6442,

LOASA prosrrata,
Native of the Chilian Andes.

Nat. Ord. Loasrx.
Genus Loasa, Juss. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl, vol. i. p. 804).

Loasa prostrata; herba prostrata, setosa, caulibus robustis flexuosis, foliis
oppositis breviter crasse petiolatissummis sessilibus ovato-rotundatis profunde
cordatis 3-lobis scaberidis utrinque sinubus rotundatis, lobis lobulatis et den-
tatis, dentibus setosis, nervis prominentibus, floribus axillaribus et apices
versus ramulorum divaricato-paniculatis, pedunculis robustis, calycis lobis
ovato-oblongis lanceolatis acutis setoso-dentatis, petalis aureis cymbiformibus,
squamis conicis albis infra medium rubris, ovario turbinato, seminibus
ovoideis maximis, testa levi.

L. prostrata, Don in Edinb. Phil. Journ. 1841, 274; Gay. Fl. Chilen. vol. ii. p. 454.

The Genus Zoasa has its head-quarters in the southern
Andes, no less than thirty-one species being described as
natives of Chili alone, where they are well known for their
stinging hairs, which are far more irritating than those of
the nettle. The present species has more botanical than
horticultural interest, and is a native of the Southern
Cordillera, where it was first discovered by Dr. Gillies, half
a century ago, and where it has been since collected by
Bridges and Cuming. It seems to be a scarce plant, and not
to have been found by Claude Gay, the eminent Chilian
traveller and botanist, and author of tbe Flora Chilina, who,
in the latter work, quotes Don’s description as his only
authority for the plant. :

Loasa prostrata seems to be perfectly hardy, having with-
stood the protracted winter of 1878-9 without protection in
the herbaceous ground at Kew, where it flowers in September.

Dxscr. Clothed with stinging hairs. Séems branching
from the base, stout, fleshy, prostrate, flexuous, green. Leaves
opposite, two to two and a half inches long, lower on very
stout short petioles, upper sessile, all broadly ovate, deeply
cordate, 3-lobed to below the middle with rounded sinus,

AuGUsT Ist, 1879.

scabrid on both surfaces ; lobes variable in length, the middle
longest and sometimes produced, irregularly lobulate and
toothed, teeth setose; nerves very strong beneath, radiating
from the top of the petiole; upper leaves less deeply lobed.
Flowers one inch in diameter, axillary, and in leafy terminal
divaricating few-flowered panicles; peduncles very stout,
longer than the leaves, spreading horizontally. Calyx-lobes
oblong-lanceolate, acute, toothed, rather shorter than the
petals. Petals oblong, boat-shaped, yellow. Scales broadly
conial, 2-fid, with 3 bristles at the base, scarlet below the
middle, white above it. Staminodes curved, with a bristle
below the club-shaped tip. Stamens about 12 in a bundle.

Ovary turbinate. Seeds very few, large, oblong; testa
smooth.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Vertical section of flower; 2, front, 3, back, and 4, side view of scale ;
5, Staminode ; 6, bundle of, stamens :—oil enlarged.

6448,

VincentBrocks Day &Sonkmp

MS del JNFtch Lith,

LReeve & C° London.

Tas. 6443,

COLCHICUM montanum.
Native of the- Mediterranan Region.

Nat. Ord. Linitacka.—Suborder MELanTHIACEA.

Genus Cotcuicum, Linn. ; (Kunth, Enum. vol. iv. p. 138).

Cotcuicum montanum ; cormo ovoideo magnitudine mediocri, foliis synanthiis
falcatis lanceolatis vel linearibus hyemalibus vel vernalibus sepissime
tribus, floribus sepissime pluribus interdum 1-2-nis, perianthii tubo 2-3-
pollicari, limbi segmentis lilacinis’ oblongis vel oblanceolatis, staminibus
limbo subduplo brevioribus filamentis basi luteis strumoso-incrassatis,
antheris purpureis, stigmatibus minutis subcapitatis.

C. montanum, Linn. Sp. Plant. edit, ii. p. 485, excl. syn.; Reich. Ic. Fl. Germ.
tab. 424, figs. 940 to 943.

C. bulbocodioides, M. Bieb. Fl. Taur. Caue. vol. i. p. 293; Kunth, Enum. vol.
iv. p. 142.

C. Ritchii, R. Br. in App. Denh. et. Clapp. p. 241; Kunth, Enum. vol. iv. p. 145.

C. Bertolonii, Stev. in Act. Nov. Mosq. vol. vii. p. 268; Parlat. Fl. Ital. vol. iii.
p. 190.

C. Cupani, Guss. Prodr. Sic. vol. i. p. 452.

As [have gone fully into the history and synonymy of
this plant in a paper which is now printing in the Journal
of the Linnean Society, I cite here only a few of the leading
synonyms. I feel satisfied that there is only one species
_ covered by all these names, and have ascertained, by inspection
of the Linnean herbarium, that it is this plant which was
sent by Loefling from Spain to Linneus, and which
furnished the basis of his idea of Colchicum montanum,
although some of the synonyms cited in the “Species
Plantarum” do not really refer to it. The species ranges
from Portugal eastward by way of Algeria and Italy to
Egypt, Syria, Armenia, Kurdistan, and the Caucasus. The
genus Monocaryum of Endlicher and Kunth is founded upon
what is simply a monstrosity of this same plant, and I

AUGUST -lsT, 1879.

do not think that Boissier’s Colchicum cegyptiacum and
crocifolium are more than Oriental varieties of the same
species with more numerous flowers to a corm and narrower
perianth-segments. Although the plant has so wide an area,
it is very little known in cultivation. In England it appears
in early spring with the Snowdrops and Crocuses. The
drawing was made from material furnished by Mr. George
Maw, who gathered it along with Chionodoxa Lucilie on the
Nymph Dagh, near Smyrna, under conditions explained in
detail under our plate of that species, tab. 6433.

Descr. Corm middle-sized, about an inch in diameter
when fully developed, furnished with a firm brown tunic,
and a neck two or three inches long, which is invested with
a tight-fitting membranous sheath, and reaches to the surface
of the ground. eaves generally three in number, cotem-
porary with the flowers, lanceolate or linear, falcate, reaching
about as high as the flowers, finally half a foot long and an
inch broad. Flowers two or three inches above the soil,
hlac-purple or nearly white, with a filiform tube, and a limb
an inch or an inch and a half long, with oblong or oblanceo-
late segments. Stamens about half as long as the perianth-
segments; filaments yellow and thickened at the base;
anthers small, oblong, versatile, purplish. Styles reaching
up to the anthers ; stigmas minute, nearly capitate. Capsule

produced in summer, oblong, about an inch long.—J. G.
Baker.

Fig. 1, a flower ent open, life size; fig. 2, an anther, facing outwards; fig. 3,
an anther viewed from the back; fig. 4, a plant with the leaves and flower-
wrapper stripped away so as to show the ovary and long styles; fig. 5, stigmatose
tip of style :—all more or less enlarged.

444.

Vincent BrooksDay & Sonimp

IN Fitch Lith.

4
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LReeve &C° London,

Tab. 6444,
BOMAREA acovrirorta,

var. EHRHENBERGIANA.

Native of Mexico and Guatemala.

Nat. Ord. AmaryLLipAceE#.—Tribe ALSTROMERIER,

Genus Bomarga, Mirbel ; (Kunth, Enum. vol. v. p. 787).

Bomarea acutifolia, var. Ehrhenbergiana ; caule glabro late volubili, foliis oblongis
acutis petiolo crispato proeditis facie viridibus glabris dorso pallidioribus
pubescentibus, floribus 10-20 simpliciter umbellatis, bracteis magnis ovatis,
pedicellis glandulosis flore paulo longioribus raro bracteolatis, ovario glandu-
loso, perianthii limbo 12-15 lin. longo, segmentis exterioribus oblanceolatis
obtusis rubellis, interioribus paulo longioribus obovato-unguiculatis luteis
brunneo punctatis, genitalibus inclusis.

B. acutifolia, var. Ehrhenbergiana, Kunth, Enum. vol. v. p. 794,

There are at least two well-marked forms included by
Kunth under his definition of Bomarea acutifolia, which
have quite as good a claim to be regarded as distinct as
many of the accepted species of the group of which B. edulis
is the oldest and best known representative. The typical
B. acutifolia of Herbert (which has already been figured in
the Boranican Magazine, tab. 3058, and previously by
Link and Otto, under the name of Alstromeria acutifolia),
1s much less valuable for decorative purposes than the
Subject of the present notice. It is less robust in habit,
with narrower leaves, less hairy on the under surface, and
bears fewer flowers, in a much less compact umbel, the
pedicels of which are often compound and lengthened out
to three or four inches. We havenumerous specimens of the
present plant in the Kew herbarium from Mexico (Hartweg
520, Linden 41, Bourgeau 2952, etc.), and from Guatemala,
Where it was found long ago by Skinner, and where Messrs,
Salvin and Godman have lately gathered it on the Volcan

AUGUsT Isr, 1879. :

de Fuego, at an elevation of 8300 feet above sea-level. Our
plate was drawn from specimens that flowered with Mr.
Elwes at Cirencester in the spring of the present year.

Descr. Stems stout, wide-climbing, glabrous. Leaves
oblong, acute, three or four inches long, about half as broad,
abruptly narrowed to a short crisped petiole, green and
glabrous on the upper surface, paler and densely hairy on
the ribs beneath. lowers up to twenty in a dense umbel,
with several large ovate leafy bracts ; pedicels slender,
densely glandulose, rarely bracteolate, always simple, not
more than an inch anda half or two inches long. Ovary
triquetrous, six-grooved, glandulose ; perianth-limb an inch
or an inch and a quarter long ; outer segments oblanceolate,
obtuse, reddish ; inner segments obovate unguiculate, bright
yellow, with copious minute spots of brown over the face.
Stamens and pistil rather shorter than the inner segments
of the perianth; filaments and style glandular in the lower
part ; anthers oblong.—J. G. Baker.

Fig. 1, an inner segment of the perianth-limb ; fig. 2, an outer segment, both
natural size; fig. 8, a stamen; fig. 4, complete pistil, with its inferior ovary :—
both enlarged.

6745

4 AB. del, LN, Fitch Lith. ‘Vincent Brooks Day &Son Imp

‘ LReeve &C° London

Tas. 6445.
LASIOPETALUM BAvERI.

Native of Southern Australia.

Nat. Ord. SrercuLiacEm.—Tribe LastoPeTALE&,

Genus Lastoretatum, Smith ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. i. p. 228).

LastoperaLum Baueri; carno-tomentosum, ramulis gracilibus, foliis oppositis
suboppositis et 3-nis subsesillibus] inearibus obtusis coriaceis marginibus
recurvis, floribus parvis in racemis brevibus recurvis paucifloris dispositis,
bracteis viridibus calyce ter brevioribus, calyce late campanulato infra
medium 5-fido, lobis triangularibus subacutis extus tomentosis intus puberulis
y. glabratis, petalis minutis obovatis, filamentis anthera lanceolata apicem
versus 2-rimosa brevioribus, ovario dense stellatim tomentoso, stylo ima basi

pubescente.

L. Baueri, Steetz in Plant. Preiss. vol. ii..p. 339; F. Mueller, Pl. Vict. vol. i.
p. 142; Benth. Fl. Austral. vol. i. p. 263. °

A very elegant little greenhouse shrub, covered profusely
with pearly white flowers, to which no drawing on white
paper can do justice. It belongs to a large and peculiarly
Australian genus, embracing twenty species, which is
confined to the extra-tropical regions of the continent, across
which it extends from east to west. Of these some are
rather handsome shrubs, as the ZL. macrophyllum, Graham,
(Tab. 3908), but most of them partake of the dusty hue of so
many of the plants of the dry climate of Australia.

L. Baweri was raised from seeds sent to the Royal
Gardens by Baron Sir Ferdinand Mueller in 1868, and flowers
annually in spring on the shelves of the temperate House ;
it has a wide range in its native continent, from the Blue
Mountains in New South Wales, to Victoria and South
Australia.

Descr. A slender much-branched shrub, two to three feet
high, with erect twiggy branchlets, covered everywhere with
minute stellate pubescence, which turns of a rusty brown
colour when dry. Leaves very shortly petioled, opposite,

AuGcusT Ist, 1879.

subopposite, and almost whorled, one and a half to three
inches long, by one sixth to one third of an inch broad,
coriaceous, linear, obtuse, margins recurved, puberulous and
deeply channelled above, tomentose, and with a strong midrib
beneath. Racemes axillary, shorter or rather longer than the
leaves, horizontal or decurved, four to six-flowered ; pedicels
one fourth to one third of an inch long; bracts linear-oblong,
about one third as long as the calyx, to which they are
appressed. Calyx broadly campanulate, one third of an inch
in diameter, cleft to below the middle into five triangular
subacute lobes, obscurely angled, pearly white tinged with
pink, tomentose externally, pubescent or nearly glabrous —
within. Petals, minute obovate white scales, shorter than
the filament. Stamens included, conniving ; filaments shorter
than the lanceolate-acute anthers, which open by subterminal
slits. Ovary globose, densely stellate-tomentose; style
glabrous, except at the very base. Capsule globose, included
in the calyx.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Vertical section of flower ; 2, petal; 3, stellate hairs; 4 and 5, front and
back view of stamens; 6, ovary ; 7, transverse section of the same :—all magnified.

6446.

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Tas. 6446.

ARISAMA NEPENTHOIDES.

Native of the Eastern Himalaya.

Nat. Ord. Aroinr#.— Tribe ArisarEx,
Genus Arisama, Mart. ; (Schott Prodr. Syst. Aroid. p. 24).

AniszMa nepenthoides ; foliis 2-nis radiatisectis petiolis pedunculogue transverse
variegatis, foliolis 5 late v. anguste elliptico-lanceolatis lateralibus interdum
basi ineequalateris extus dilatatis, omnibus basi sessili longe angustata apice
tenuiter caudato-acuminato, marginibus planis v. undulatis, spathe elongate
tubo cylindraceo, fauce aperta, limbi erecti lamina ovato-lanceolata
acuminata supra medium incurva tubo equilonga, basi utrinque in auriculam
amplam rotundatam recurvam vittatam nitidam dilatata, spadice erecto
exserto, appendice stipitata ¢ylindracea obtusa, basin et apicem versus
incrassata, vertice rotundata.

As nepenthoides, Mart. in Flora, 1831, p. 458; Schott Prodr. Syst. Aroid. 48.

Arum nepenthoides, Wall. Tent. Fl. Nep. p. 26, t.18; Cat. Herb. Ind. Or. n.
8919. :

Already several species of Himalayan <Arisema have been
figured in this work; and the list of those in cultivation at
Kew and elsewhere is by no means thereby exhausted, for
thanks to the exertions of Mr. Gammie, and Elwes especially,
at least six unfigured species have lately been introduced
into, and flowered in England. Of these the subject of the
present plate is by no means the finest, for I shall soon have
the opportunity of figuring the two gigantic species, 4. utile
and 4. Hookerianum, which have both flowered with Mr.
Elwes at Preston. Ariscema nepenthoides is remarkable for the
broad ear-like strongly-coloured appendages at the base of the
lamina of the spathe, which curve backwards and downwards
and are very variable in length and breadth. I am indebted
to Mr. Elwes for the specimen figured, which flowered in his
garden in March of the present year. It is abundant in
Nepal and Sikkim, at 9-11,000 feet elevation.

Drscr. Leaves two to each plant, one to two feet high;
petiole rather slender, pale green, transversely barred, dull
red-purple ; leaflets five, radiating horizontally from the top

AuGUsT Isr, 1879.

of the petiole, six to ten inches long by one to three and a
half broad, narrowly elliptic-lanceolate, narrowed to the
sessile base, tips drawn out into filiform points, bright green,
with paler flat or undulated margins; midrib usually red};
two outer leaflets like the others, or unequal at the base,
being dilated outwardly. Scape equalling or shorter than
the petioles, transversely barred like these, and usually
stouter. Spathe three to seven inches long ; sheathing portion
cylindric, dirty green, striped with dull red; lamina as long
as the sheath, elliptic-ovate, acuminate, the upper half curving
forwards and drooping, base on each side dilated into a
recurved rounded auricle, which is very dark green, with
broad red-brown margins, and dark elongated spots; back of
spathe pale yellow-brown, irregularly spotted. Spadix erect.
Ovaries close-set, dark green, with short conical straight dark
styles. Appendage stipitate, elongate, terete, swollen at the
rounded base and tip, gradually narrowed towards the centre

pale yellow, almost wholly exserted.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Spadix; 2, ovary; 3, the same cut vertically :—all enlarged.

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Tap. 6447.
DRAC AINA FLORIBUNDA.

Native Country unknown.

Nat. Ord. Lintacem.—Tribe Dracenex.

Genus Dracmna, Vand.; (Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. vol, xiv. p. 523.)

Dracmna floribunda; frutex 8-10-pedalis, caule ramoso, foliis dense rosulatis
loratis acuminatis 3—4-pedalibus utrinque viridibus margine concoloribus
costé superne obscura centialibus ascendentibus exterioribus falcatis, pedunculo
brevi valido, racemis cylindricis pluribus in paniculam cernuam aggregatis,
bracteis minutis deltoideis, pedicellis singulis brevibus erecto-patentibus,
perianthii viriduli cylindrici tubo campanulato, segmentis ligulatis tubo triplo
longioribus, stylo breviter exserto, stigmate trilobato.

This is one of the largest and most striking of all the
known Draczenas. For many years the plant from which
our drawing was made has been one of the most con-
Spicuous members of the group of arborescent Liliacez in
the Palm-house at Kew, but it has never flowered until
this present summer. Now that we know it completely, it
proves to be a well-marked new species, remarkable for its
very large drooping panicle and the great number of its
crowded cylindrical racemes. We received it many years —
ago from the Botanic: Garden at Mauritius, when Mr.
Duncan was Curator there, without any precise information
as to its native country. Mr. Horne, the present Director
of the Mauritius Garden, thinks it very likely the plant was
brought from Rodriguez, but it was not seen in that island
by Professor Bayley Balfour. Its nearest ally is the West
African Dracena arborea of Link.

Descr. Trunk in the cultivated specimen drawn six or
eight feet high, tuberous at the base as in a Beaucarnea,
branching low down. Leaves fifty or sixty, crowded in a
dense rosette, the inner ones ascending, the outer reflexing,
lorate, acuminate, three or four feet long, three inches or
three inches and a half broad at the middle, narrowed to an

SEPTEMBER lst, 1879.

inch and a half or two inches above the dilated base,
moderately firm in texture, bright green on both sides,
concolorous at the margin, the midrib distinct down the
back in the lower half only. Panicle drooping, shortly-
peduncled, three or four feet long, made up of from fifteen
to twenty drooping cylindrical racemes a foot or more long
and a couple of inches in diameter; bracts very minute,
deltoid, membranous; pedicels all solitary, stiffly erecto-
patent, a quarter or a third of an inch long. Perianth
greenish, cylindrical, above half an inch long; tube cam-
panulate; segments ligulate. Stamens inserted at the
throat of the perianth-tube; filaments filiform, rather
shorter than the perianth-segments ; anthers small, oblong.
Ovary oblong; style a little exserted; stigma obscurely
three-lobed.—J. G. Baker.

Fig. 1, a single flower, opened out, magnified two diameters; fig. 2, pistil,
magnified four diameters.

Vincent Brooks Day Soa imp

JN Fitch Lith

HTD da

L.Reeve & C2 London.

Tas. 6448,
SALVIA ELEGANS.

Native of Mexico.

Nat. Ord. Laptatz.—Tribe MonARDER.

Genus Satvia, Linn.; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. ii. p. 1194.)

Satv1a (Calosphace) elegans; erecta, gracilis, glabra v. parce pilosa, foliis petiolatis
ovatis acutis serratis basi rotundatis v. acutis, supra hispidulis pubescentibus
v. tomentosis, floralibus parvis sessilibus ovatis acuminatis deciduis, verticillastris
remotis interdum distantibus sub 6-floris, floribus pollicaribus breviter pedi-
cellatis _glanduloso-villosis, calyce campanulato labio superiore 1-3-aristato,
inferioris dentibus brevibus aristatis, corolla coccinea calyce sub sextuplo
longiore, tubo subincurvo, labiis subzequalibus Superiore galeato obtuso erecto
inferioris lobo medio rotundato lateralibus parvis, genitalibus exsertis, connectivis
linearibus rectis.

S. elegans, Vahl, Enum. vol. i. p. 238; Benth. in D.C. Prodr. vol. xii. p. 343;
Saunders, Refug. Bot. t. 228.

S. incarnata, Cav. in Ann. Cienc. Nat. vol. ii. p. 112; Kunth in Humb. and
Bonpl. Nov. Gen. et Sp. vol. ii. p. 293 and 144.

8. microculis (irv. typ. pro microcalyx), Poir. Dict. vol. vi. p. 614.
8. punicea, Mart. et Gal. in Bull. Acad. Bruz. vol. v. p. 11.

Apparently a common and variable mountain plant of
Mexicoy.as I find it amongst the collections of almost all
the botanical travellers of that country, where it inhabits
elevations of about 9000 feet. Seeing how vivid its colours
are, it is singular that it should not earlier have been in-
troduced into English gardens. The first person who
appears to have cultivated it in this country is Mr. Wilson
Saunders, at his fine garden at Reigate, now dispersed, to
the great regret of all horticulturists. Our specimen was
flowered in Sir George MacLeay’s beautiful garden at
Pendell Court, near Bletchingly. These gardens are now
under the care of Mr. Green, who was formerly gardener
to Mr. Wil8on Saunders, with whom and with the late
Mr. W. Borrer before him, at Henfield, in Sussex, he

SEPTEMBER Ist, 1879.

acquired a knowledge of interesting cultivated plants that
has rarely been equalled.
Drsor. A tall, graceful herb, two to four feet high, with
‘slender four-angled stem, more or less hairy, pubescent, or
nearly glabrous. eaves one to four inches long, ovate,
acute or acuminate, serrate, pubescent, pilose or tomentose,
base rounded or acute; petiole one-third to one inch long,
slender. Inflorescence of numerous verticillasters, which are
more or less remote, sometimes an inch apart, and forming
a spike a foot long, rachis very slender ; floral leaves (or
bracts) small, one-fourth of an inch long; ovate, acuminate,
very deciduous. Verticillasters about six-flowered. Flowers
Suberect, upwards of an inch long, tomentose. Calya
short, five-angled, two-lipped, lips short, teeth triangular,
with acute shortly aristate tips. Corolla scarlet, about six
times as long as the calyx; tube slender, compressed ;
upper lip oblong, very concave, rounded at the tip,
erect; lower reflexed, about as long as the upper mid-lobe
rounded, retuse, lateral very small. Stamens exserted,

connectives straight, slender, parallel; anther-cells broadly
oblong.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, flower ; 2, section of corolla with stamens ; 3, style arms :—all enlarged.

6778

Vincent Brooks Day &5en wad

ET B-del J Fitch Lith

LReeve & C?London

Tas. 6449.
TRILLIUM NIVALE.

Native of the Northern United States.

Nat. Ord. Trinn1acEZ.

Genus Triniium, Linn. ; (Kunth, Enum. vol. v. p. 121.)

Tritium nivale; rhizomate oblongo obliquo tuberoso, pedunculo 3—4—pollicari,
foliis tribus ovato-oblongis obtusis membranaceis 5-nervatis distincte petiolatis,
pedicello brevi erecto vel cernuo, sepalis lanceolatis viridibus, petalis albis
obovato-oblongis calyce sesquilongioribus, staminibus calyce _brevioribus,
antheris filamento lineari paulo brevioribus, stylis apice revolutis ovario
longioribus.

T. nivale, Riddell in Kunth Enum. vol. v. p- 129 and 852; A Gray Man.
edit. v. p. 523.

Of late years these Trilliums have been becoming more
and more cultivated on rockeries in our English gardens.
The finest species is 7. grandiflorum of Salisbury, of which
there is a good figure at Tab. 855 of the Borantcar
Macazinz, under the name of J. erythrocarpum. The
present species is one of the dwarfest of the genus, and is
distinguished by its distinctly-petioled leaves and white
petals without purple stripes. It inhabits woods in the
North-western States from Ohio westward to Wisconsin.
Our drawing was made from the plants that flowered in the
herbaceous department at Kew this present summer.

Desor. Rootstock an oblique oblong tuber, with numerous
wiry radical fibres. Peduncle without any leaves below the
flower, three or four inches long, slender, terete, tinted
with red-brown, with a membranous sheath at the base.
Leaves always three in a whorl, oblong or ovate-oblong,
obtuse, distinctly petioled, an inch and a half or two inches
long, membranous, green and glabrous on both sides, with
a distinct midrib running up from the base to the point,
and two less distinct vertical nerves on each side of it.
Pedicel about half an inch long, suberect or cernuous.
Sepals green, lanceolate, membranous, obtuse or subobtuse,

SEPTEMBER lst, 1879.

under an inch long. Petals pure white, obovate or obovate-
oblong, obtuse, half as long again as the calyx. Stamens
shorter than the calyx; filaments linear; anthers linear-
oblong, basifixed, rather shorter than the filaments. Styles
free to the base, subulate, revolute at the stigmatose tip,
longer than the globose ovary.—J. G. Baker.

Figs. 1 and 2, single stamens; fig. 3, pistil :—doth enlarged.

6450

jks Dav imp
Vincent Brooks Dav & Son img
HT D.del JN. Pitch Inti:

L. Reeve & Cet

Tas. 6450.
RHODODENDRON tepiporum var. opovatum.
Native of the Sikkim Himalaya.

Nat. Ord. Ertcem.—Tribe RooporER.
Genus Ruopopenpron, L.; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. ii. p. 599.)

RuHopopENpDRON lepidotum, Wall. Cat. n.758; Royle, Ill. Pl. Himal. p. 260,
t. 64, f.1; Hook. f. Sikkim Rhododendrons, pt. ii. p. 6; Bot. Mag. t. 4657.

Var. obovatum ; foliis obovatis utrinque squamulosis.
R. obovatum, Hook. f. Sikkim Rhododendrons, |. c. p. 6.

The plant here figured affords an instance of the variable
characters which the Rhododendrons display in the centre
of their geographical distribution, the Sikkim Himalaya.
When first studying the species in their native mountains,
it appeared to me easy to distinguish as two well-marked
allied species, the present plant, described as R. obovatum,
with dark-purple flowers and short leaves, and that I
called &. salignum in the “ Rhododendron of the Sikkim
Himalaya” (t. 23) with lanceolate leaves and golden-yellow
flowers. Further investigation led to the conclusion that
neither the form and size of the leaf, nor the colour of the
corolla, afforded any available diagnostic character ; for
though I never found R. salignum with purple flowers, I
found plenty of R. lepidotwm with golden-yellow ones.
A third subject of variation is the number of stamens,
which in almost all the wild specimens of R. lepidotum
are eight, but in that here figured there are ten.

The name of obovatwm was given to this form before it
was ascertained to be conspecific with the R. lepidotum of
Wallich, which is erroneously described in De Candolle’s
Prodromus from very imperfect specimens. As mentioned
under Tab. 4657, BR. obovatum is in no way specifically
distinguishable from Wallich’s Nepalese plant, and a
reference to the above-cited plate will show that, except
in the larger more maroon-coloured flowers, and more

SEPTEMBER lst, 1879.

copious glands on both surfaces of the leaf, this hardly
differs from typical R. lepidotum.

R. lepidotum is a native of the loftier interior ranges of
the Nepal and Sikkim Himalaya, at elevations of 8000 to
16,000 feet. The specimen figured was raised from seed
sent to the Royal Gardens from Sikkim by Mr. Gammie,
which flowered in May of the present year.

Descr. A stout or slender twiggy shrub, forming ex-
tended clumps, one to four feet high, branching from a
woody tortuous rootstock ; branches tufted, as thick as a
crow’s quill; whole plant covered with resinous scales.
Leaves pale glaucous green, one-half to one and a half inch
long, emitting a resinous odour, obovate in this form,
elliptic or elliptic-lanceolate in others, not coriaceous.
Flowers few, terminal, but subtended by leafing shoots ;
pedicels simple, one to two inches long. Calyx green, of
five rounded oblong recurved obtuse or retuse sepals.
Corolla maroon-purple in this variety, an inch in diameter,
salver-shaped; tube very short, subglobose ; limb spreading,
lobes orbicular, veined. Stamens usually eight, rarely ten ;
filaments short, hairy at the base; anthers linear-oblong.
Ovary ovoid, deeply five-lobed laterally; style very short,
clavate, decurved ; stigma discoid, obscurely five-lobed.
Capsule hardly exceeding the calyx.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Pedicel, calyx, aud pistil; 2 and 3, stamens :—all enlarged.

Tas. 6451.

ALLIUM. KARATAVIENSE.
Native of Turkestan.

Nat. Ord, Littacrz.—Tribe ALLIEZ.
Genus Attium, Linn. ; (Regel Monogr. in Act. Hort. Petrop. vol. iii.)

Autium karataviense; bulbo magno solitario depresso-globoso, foliis 2 raro
3 prope scapi basin aggregatis magnis oblongis acutis viridibus glauco tinctis,
scapo valido tereti semipedali, umbella magna globosa densiflora, spathz valvis
2-3 parvis deltoideis, pedicellis strictis perianthio subtriplo longioribus,
perianthii segmentis lanceolatis acuminatis albidis purpureo costatis, filamentis
erectis perianthio equilongis basi deltoideis coalitis, ovario globoso trilobato,
ovulis in loculo geminis collateralibus erectis, stylo ovario equilongo.

A. karataviense, Regel Mon. Pp. 243; Fl. Turkest. vol. i. p. 98, tab. xvi. figs.
1—3; Gartenfiora, vol. xxvii. (1878), p. 162, tab. 941.

This again, like Tulipa triphylla, is one of the recent
discoveries of the Russian explorers in Central Asia. It
was first found several years ago by Sewerzow and Krause
in the Karatau Mountains, east of Samarcand, and was
gathered again in the summer of 1876 on the Alatau range
by Dr. Albert Regel, who sent bulbs to his father at St.
Petersburg, from whom we received it. Of old familiar
types in the genus it most resembles Allium nigrum, but it
is much dwarfer, with large prominently-veined leaves of
firmer texture, and smaller flowers, with very acuminate
perianth-segments. It is quite hardy in England, and our
drawing was made from a specimen that flowered in the
herbaceous ground at Kew in the month of May of this
present year.

Descr. Bulb solitary, depresso-globose, a couple of
inches in diameter. Leaves usually two, rarely three,
crowded near the base of the stem, oblong, acute, suberect,
firm in texture, distinctly veined, glabrous, dull green,
with a slight glaucous tinge, six or nine inches long
by about three inches broad at the middle. Stem half a

SEPTEMBER lst, 1879.

foot long, stout, terete, rather glaucous. Umbel very
dense, globose, three or four inches in diameter; spathe-
valves two or three, deltoid, membranous, shorter than the
pedicels, which spread stiffly in all directions, and are about
an inch in length. Perianth a third of an inch long;
segments uniform, lanceolate, acuminate, nearly white,
with a distinct purplish keel, rather ascending when fully
expanded. ilaments about as long as the perianth-
segments, subulate, deltoid and confluent at the base, per-
manently erect; anthers small, oblong, versatile. Ovary
grey-purple, globose, deeply three-lobed; ovules two in

each cell, erect, collateral; style as long as the ovary.—
J. G. Baker.

Fig. 1, an expanded flower; fig. 2, a single stamen :—oth enlarged.

6452

%
Yancent Brooks

AB. del, INFitch Lith.

Day ASon itt

LReeve 4 C? London

Tas. 6452.
GERANIUM ATLANTICUM.
Native of Algeria.

Nat. Ord. Gerantacem.—Tribe GERANIES.
Genus Geranium, Linun.; (Benth. et Hook.f. Gen. Pl. vol. i. p. 272.)

GERANIUM atlanticum; pilis appressis subsericeum, eglandulosum, rhizomate
erasso_subgloboso, caule gracili suberecto, foliis omnibus longe petiolatis pal-
mato-5-7-partitis, segmentis anguste obovatis v. cuneatis 3-fidis laciniatis v.
pinnatifidis laciniis grosse dentatis, floribus subterminalibus 1} poll. diam.,
pedunculis 2-floris post anthesin erectis, sepalis ellipticis subaristatis appresse
hirsutis, petalis obcordatis purpureis sepalis multo longioribus, filamentis basi
pilosis, carpellis maturis lesions rostroque brevissime pilosis eglandulosis,
seminibus subtilissime punctulatis.

G. atlanticum, Boiss. Diagn. Pl. Orient. Nov. vol. i. p. 59; Walp. Rep. vol. ii.
p- 819,

Though differing from Boissier’s character in the colour
of the petals, which that author describes as rosy, and their
length, which he states to be only twice that of the sepals,
this so well agrees not only with the rest of his good de-
scription, but with native specimens in Munby’s Herbarium
and others collected by Lefebvre, and communicated by
Prof. Reichenbach, that I have no doubt of the correctness
of the identification. As a species it is, as Boissier points
out, near the widely-diffused G. sylvaticum, but differs in
being wholly eglandular, with more deeply-divided and silky
leaves, as also in the woody tuberous rootstock; though
the latter may well be a climatal character. :

G. atlanticwm is a native of Algiers, where it is found in
rocky places, near Constantine by Boissier, on the banks of
the Chiffa by Munby, on the peak of Mérid by Choulette,
and in oak forests near Blidah by Lefebvre. The specimen
here figured flowered in June 1878 and 1879 in the garden
of the artist, Mrs. Barnard, on Leckhampton Hill near
Cheltenham, from a root brought by Mrs. Thiselton Dyer
in 1875 from Algeria.

Descr. A perennial herb, clothed with rather appressed

OCTOBER lst, 1879.

silky hairs, eglandular ; rootstock a small woody tuber with
dark-brown bark. Stems one or more from the rootstock,
suberect, twelve to eighteen inches high, slender, simple,
flexuous. Leaves all long-petioled, radical petioles four to
five inches long; uppermost floral only sessile; all orbicular,
cut nearly to the base into five or seven narrowly obovate
or cuneate segments, which are again trifid or pinnatifidly
laciniate and toothed, the teeth acute or obtuse, silky on
both surfaces, but especially beneath; stipules small, linear-
oblong. lowers one and a half inch in diameter, in
terminal 2-flowered peduncles, which, as well as the pedicels
and calyx, are silky; peduncles and pedicels each about
an inch long; bracts small, subulate-lanceolate. Sepals
elliptic, acuminate, with a short awn. Petals three or four
times as long as the sepals, obcordate, pale purple, with red
veins; claw small, hairy. Filaments glabrous, except at
the base. Carpels smooth, minutely pubescent, eglandular.
Seeds most minutely dotted.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Longitudinal section of flower; 2, claw of petal; 3, stamen ; 4, pistil ;
5, rootstock and radical leaves :—figs. 3 and 4 enlarged.

Vincent: Brocks Day &Son Imp.

AB del. JNFitch Lith,

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Tas. 6453.
CHIONODOXA nana.

Native of Crete.

Nat. Ord. Lin1acem.—Tribe HyacInTHEZ.

Genus Co1onopoxa, Boiss.; (Baker in Journ. Linn. Soe. vol. xi. p. 435.)

CHIonopoxa xana; bulbo minimo ovoideo tunicis membranaceis exterioribus
brunneis, foliis 2 linearibus suberectis viridibus facie canaliculatis apice
cucullatis, scapo gracili tereti foliis breviori, floribus 1-4 laxe corymbosis, pedi-
cellis ascendentibus, bracteis obsoletis, perianthii albo-ceerulei 5-6 lin. longi
tubo campanulato, segmentis oblongis patulis tubo 2-3-plo brevioribus, stami-
nibus segmentis subtriplo brevioribus, antheris breviter protrusis, ovario globoso,
stylo brevissimo.

C. nana, Boiss. & Held. in Boiss. Diagn. I. part xiii. p.24; Baker in Journ. Linn.
Soc. loe. cit.

Hyacinthus nanus, Roem. et Schultes Syst. Veg. vol. vii. p. 581; Kunth Enum.
vol. iv. p. 304.

Puschkinia scilloides, Sieber Reise Crete, vol. ii. p- 319, tab. 7, non Adams.

This, the oldest-known species of Chionodoxa, is a native
of the mountains of Crete, at an altitude of five thousand
or six thousand feet above sea-level, flowering in the neigh-
bourhood of the melting snow in May, and consequently
perfectly hardy in our English gardens. It was discovered
by Sieber, an Austrian traveller who collected plants largely
in the island about the year 1820, and who confounded it
with the Caucasian Puschkinia scilloides, and figured it
under that name in his published travels. For horticul-
tural purposes it is far inferior to CO. Lucilie (Bot. Mag.
tab. 6433), the flower being much smaller, and the whole
habit of the plant more slender. Our drawing was made
from plants that flowered in the herbaceous ground at Kew
in May of the present year, which were raised from bulbs
that were sent to us by Mr. Elwes. |

Descr. Bulb ovoid, under half an inch in diameter, the
tunics very thin and membranous, the outer brown, the

OcToBER Ist, 1879.

inner whitish. Leaves two to a scape, contemporary with
the fiowers, suberect, linear, five or six inches long, under
half an inch broad, green, deeply channelled down the face
and hooded at the tip, tinted with purple towards the base.
Scape very slender, terete, three or four inches long, bearing
from one to four laxly corymbose flowers ; pedicels ascend-
ing, reaching an inch or an inch and a half in length;
bracts obsolete. Perianth five or six lines long; tube
campanulate ; segments oblong, two or three times as long
as the tube, spreading when the flower is fully expanded,
white, keeled and flushed with lilac-blue. Stamens a third
as long as the perianth-segments ; filaments strap-shaped,
inserted at the throat of the perianth-tube, nearly equal,
touching edge to edge permanently, but not united ; anthers
linear-oblong, rather overtopping the filaments. Ovary
globose, bright blue; style very short; stigma capitate,
reaching only to the base of the anthers and the throat of
the perianth-tube.—J. G. Baker.

Fig. 1, vertical section of a flower; 2, side view of a stamen; 3, back view of
the same; 4, front view’ of the same ; 5, perianth-tube, with the six stamens in-

serted at its throat; 6, horizontal section of ovary, all enlarged ; 8 and 9, two
forms of bulb and radical fibres, life-size.

494,

3

6

2

Sr prrrrerernar er rFTN YR — a

Tas. 6454.
PSYCHOTRIA JASMINIFLORA.

Native of South Brazil.

Nat. Ord. Rupracex.—Tribe PsycHoTRIEZ.
Genus Psycnortria, Linn. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. ii. p. 123.)

Psycnortria (Eupsychotria) jasminiflora; fruticosa, ramulis teretibus, foliis breviter
petiolatis oblongis acutis basi rotundatis v. subcordatis coriaceis, stipulis parvis
in vaginam intrapetiolarem connatis setosis persistentibus, pedunculis termi-
nalibus et axillaribus, cymis paucifloris breviter paniculatis, calycis glabri
limbo tubuloso inzequaliter breviter 4-lobo, corolle villosse tubo gracili elongato,
fauce paullo ampliata, lobis 4-oblongis obtusis, filamentis glabris, antheris
exsertis.

GuonERria jasminiflora, Lind. & André, Ill. Hortic. vol. xviii. p.76, t.60; Benth.
et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. ii. p. 51, et. 1228.

The genus Gloneria, which was founded upon this plant,
must have originated in some curious misconception, the
zstivation of the corolla being described as contorted, the
ovules as numerous, inserted on fleshy placentas in each
cell, and the leaves as tomentose beneath. When describing
the genus for the “ Genera Plantarum,” I had access to no
specimens, and gave the description under the authority of
its founders, applying, however, to my friend Mr. Linden
for some flowers from his rich garden. The plants, how-
ever, were not then in flower, but he subsequently obligingly
gave me some, which enabled me to refer the genus Gloneria
to Psychotria, as stated in the “‘ Addenda and Corrigenda ”
to the same volume of the ‘‘ Genera Plantarum.” _

Though undoubtedly a Psychotria, this species 1s very
different from any other of that immense genus, and so
closely resembles in habit, form of corollas, texture of the
leaves, and other characters, a Coussarea, that but for the
_two cells of the ovary with thick dissepiments between
them, I should have been disposed to refer it to that genus.
Indeed, I think that this plant renders it questionable

OCTOBER Ist, 1879.

whether Coussarea and Faramea (which has a very thin
dissepiment) should not be included under Psychotria. The
stipules of P. jasminiflora are quite those of the latter genus,
being united into an intrapetiolar tube, and bearing simple
or branched bristles on the back or margin, which are
sometimes caducous.

P. jasminiflora was discovered by Libon in the province
of St. Catherine, in South Brazil, in 1860, and introduced
by Mr. Linden; and the specimen here figured was flowered
in Messrs. Williams’s Nursery in May of the present year.

Descr. A nearly glabrous shrub, except the corolla, with
white bark. Leaves shortly petioled, three inches long and
under, oblong-ovate, acute, coriaceous, evergreen, bright
green above, pale beneath with obscure nerves; base acute
or cordate; petiole an eighth of an inch long. Stipules
united into a short intrapetiolar sheath, with several rigid
bristles from their back or margins, which are often
branched and deciduous. Inflorescence of trichotomous
cymes shorter than the leaves; peduncle flattened, terminal,
rarely axillary, glabrous; partial ones almost obcuneate ;
pedicels 3-nate, short, flattened; bracteoles appressed to
the calyx, short, toothed. Calya-tube short, limb dilated,
cupular, obtusely unequally 4-toothed or lobed. Corolla
snow-white, one to one and a quarter inch long, externally
softly villous or tomentose; tube slender, slightly dilated
above the middle; lobes one-fourth the length of the tube,
oblong, obtuse, valvate. Stamens inserted half-way down
the tube, filaments slender glabrous, exserted; anthers
small, broadly oblong. Disk annular, erect. Style slender,
stigmatic arms subulate, hairy. Ovary 2-celled, with a
thick septum; ovules solitary in each cell, basal, erect,
oblong.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Flower ; 2, upper portion of corolla laid open, and stamens; 3, lower part

of corolla and ovary cut longitudinally; 4 and 5, anthers; 6, tip of style and
stigmas :—all enlarged. ;

erie]
es

Vincent Brooks Day & Son imp

L. Reeve &C° London

Tas. 6455.
ODONTOGLOSSUM MACULATUM.

Native of Mexico.

Nat. Ord. OrcH1pEZ.—Tribe VaNDE.
Genus Opontoetossum, H. B. & K. ; (Lindl., Fol. Orchid. Odontoglossum.)

OpontoeLossuM (Xanthoglossum) maculatum ; pseudo-bulbis oblongo-ovatis com-
pressis 1-phyllis, foliis oblongo-lanceolatis acutis nervosis, racemis pendulis
multi-laxi-floris folio longioribus, bracteis spathaceis ovario brevioribus, sepalis
rectis anguste lineari- v. lanceolato-oblongis acuminatis brunneis, apicibus
recurvis, petalis ovato-lanceolatis acuminatis aureis brunneo maculatis, mar-
ginibus undulatis, labelli lamina late trulliforme v. triangulari caudato-
acuminata aurea brunneo maculata, marginibus crispatis, ungue brevi 2-cristata,
columna alba.

O. maculatum, Lave, Orchid. Mex. vol. ii. p. 35; Lindl. in Bot. Reg. vol. xxvi.
t. 30; Fol. Orchid. Odontogloss. p.5; Regel Gartenfl. (1877), vol. xxvi. p. 258,
t. 913; Walp. Ann. vol. vi. p. 829; Reichb. f. Pescatorea, t. 28; non Tab.
nostr. 4878, que O. cordatum, Lindl.

So long ago as 1855 a plant was figured in this work as
Odontoglossum maculatum, which, however, differs widely
from that species in the size of the flower and in the form
and colouring of the sepals, petals, and lip, and which is
the O. cordatum of Lindley. Both these species are natives
of Mexico, and belong to the same section of the genus, of
which twelve species are known, including some of the
finest, which are yet to be introduced into cultivation.

O. maculatum has been long cultivated at Kew, and
flowers freely in June. |

Descr. Pseudobulbs one and a half to two and a half
inches long, broadly oblong-ovate, compressed, dark-green,
smooth, one-leaved. Leaves six to eight inches long,
oblong-lanceolate, acute, about 9-nerved, bright pale-green.
Racemes a foot long and more, pendulous, loosely many-
flowered ; peduncle rather stout; rachis flexuous ; bracts
Spathaceous, shorter than the ovary. Flowers about an inch
apart, nearly three inches across the petals. Ovary with

OCTOBER Ist, 1879.

pedicel two inches long. Sepals spreading, nearly straight,
narrowly linear, oblong-lanceolate, brown, with slender
acuminate yellow recurved tips, not spotted. Petals rather
shorter than the sepals, ovate-lanceolate, finely acuminate,
the base contracted, undulate, golden yellow with brown
blotches below the middle. Jip with the blade trowel-
shaped or triangular, about as long as the petals, acuminate,
the margins crisped, base truncate; claw about half as long
as the blade, with a lobed erect crest on each side. Column
white, not winged or cirrhose.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, column and lip; 2, front view of column; 3, anther-case; 4 and 5, back
and side views of pollen-masses and their gland :—all enlarged.

AB. del. JN Fitch Lith

Pe oe |. he oe

Vincent Brooks Day & Sen Imp.

Tas. 6456.
VERONICA LYALLII.

Natwwe of New Zealand.

Nat. Ord. ScropHuLaRrInEx.—Tribe Dia1TaLeZ.
Genus Veronica, Linn.; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen, Pl. vol. ii. p. 964.)

Veronica (Chamedrys) Lyallii ; glabra v. parce puberula, caulibus gracilibus
erectis v. repentibus rigidulis, foliis parvis breviter petiolatis ovatis acutis
serratis coriaceis, pedunculis axillaribus erectis elongatis gracilibus glabris pauci-
v. multifloris, floribus racemosis, racemis continuis v. interruptis, bracteis
sessilibus ovatis obovatis oblongisve, pedicellis gracilibus elongatis, sepalis
oblongo-ovatis acutis, corolla rotata, lobis omnibus orbiculatis 2 lateralibus
postico paullo majoribus, antico minore integro, staminibus brevibus, capsula
didyma sepala equantibus v. superantibus, lobis turgidis.

V. Lyallii, Hook. f. Fl. Nov. Zeald. vol. i. p. 196; Handb. of New Zeald. Fi.
p- 215

A singularly elegant plant, and one which, considering
its wide range in New Zealand, might have been expected
to have been introduced long before this. I believe it to
be a form of the very variable V. Lyallii, which approaches
closely to V. cataracte, V. Bidwillii, and V. nivalis, if,
indeed, some of these species are really specifically distinct.
Most of our native specimens have the stems creeping, as
in our V. Chamedrys, but a few have them more woody and
suberect, as in the plant here figured. It inhabits both the
larger islands of New Zealand, at elevations of 2000 feet
and upwards; and we have specimens which cannot be
distinguished specifically in a dry state, gathered by Colenso
on rocky cliffs at Patea, and from the top of the Ruahine
mountains. From its near ally, V. nivea (erroneously
called nivalis in the Handbook of the New Zealand Flora),
it differs in the eglandular inflorescence, slender peduncle,
and 2-lobed anterior corolla-lobe, from V. catavacte in its
much smaller leaves. It is curious that amongst no fewer
than twenty-eight ticketed specimens from various collectors,
not one of the latter has recorded on the ticket the colour

OCTOBER lst, 1879.

of the flower! That of V. nivea I know to be white with
pink veins, and others of this section have pale violet-blue
or pinkish flowers; probably this character is a variable
one. The indigenous specimens which accord most nearly
with our figure in their erect woody habit, were gathered
by Dr. Lyall, R.N. (after whom the species was named), at
- Milford Sound, when exploring the New Zealand islands as
surgeon and naturalist attached to H.M.S. Acheron, which
was surveying the coast. :

V. Lyallii was raised from seed by my indefatigable
friend, Mr. Isaac Anderson Henry, F.S.A., and flowered
with him in May of the present year for the first time.

Drsor. A slender suberect or creeping branching plant, —
glabrous or with the stem pubescent; branches rather
woody, prostrate and rooting or ascending. Leaves small,
one-half to two-thirds of an inch long, shortly petioled,
coriaceous, usually ovate and acute, coarsely serrate. Pe-
duneles solitary, or in pairs in opposite axils (one in each),
very slender, erect, three to five inches long. tacemes
glabrous, few or many flowered, continuous or interrupted ;
pedicels very slender, one-half to one inch long; bracts
variable, small, green, coriaceous, ovate-oblong or obovate.
Flowers one-third to one-half an inch in diameter. Sepals
ovate-oblong, acute. Corolla rotate, white, with the veins
pink near the throat; lobes orbicular, the lateral largest,
the anterior smallest. Stamens shorter than the corolla-
lobes, filaments slender, glabrous; anthers pale purplish.
Ovary glabrous, oblong, compressed. Capsule didymous,
valves turgid, about equalling the sepals.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, flower viewed in front; 2, calyx, pedicel, andstyle ; 3,stamen; 4, pistil :—
all enlarged.

6457

tienen enksestter arg

Vincent Brooks Day &Se2 imp

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Tap. 6457. /

ARIS ASMA GaLeaToM.
N ative of the Sikkim Himalaya.

*

Nat. Ord. AnoipEm.—Tribe ARISAREZ.
Genus Arisarum, Mart.; (Schott, Prodr. Syst. Aroid. p. 24.)

Arts=ma (Trisecta) galeatum ; dioicum, folio solitario 3-foliolato, foliolis breviter
petiolulatis decurvis ovatis acuminatis basi acutis v. rotundatis marginibus
crenulatis rubris reticulatim nervosis, nervis supra impressissubtus prominentibus
rubris, petiolo tereti cylindraceo viridi, pedunculo petiolo multo brevivre viridi,
spatha 4-pollicari, tubo subelongato cylindraceo leviter curvo 1 poll. diam.
viridi ad 10-costato costis pallidis, vertice decurvo galeato levi in laminam
brevem pendulam ovato-oblongam marginibus recurvis abrupte desinente,
spadicis masculi parte florifero brevi rubro, antheris sparsis, appendice a basi
truncato elongato-conico in filum longissimum sensim desinente.

A. galeatum, VV. Brown in Gard. Chron., 1879, p. 102.

>

This is not the least remarkable species of that curious
_ genus, to the numerous unfigured species of which now in
cultivation I have called attention under Tab. 6146;
though it falls far short, in stature, colour, and singularity
of spathe, of the A. wtile and Hookerianum, which have yet
to be figured. In many respects it resembles 4. nepenthoides,
but differs remarkably in the long cylindrical tube of the
spathe, in wanting the large auricles at its mouth, and in
the curious boss or hood that crowns the tube. Like so
many of its congeners, it is a native of Sikkim, from
whence tubers were sent to Kew by our indefatigable
correspondent, Mr. Garmmie, through Dr. King, of the
Caleutta Botanic Gardens. It flowered in Kew in May of
the present year, as it also did in the gardens of the Royal
Horticultural Society, Chiswick, from which plant the
drawing here published was made. =
Desor. Leaf solitary; petiole two feet high, cylindric,
smooth, green, unspotted ; leaflets three, decurved, shortly
stoutly petiolulate, ovate, acuminate, ten inches long, the

OCTOBER lst, 1879.

lateral five, the central six and a quarter inches broad;
margins crenulate, red, upper surface with close set im-
pressed veins, which are prominent and reddish beneath,
bright pale-green. Peduncle not one quarter as long as the
petiole, stout, erect, dull green, without markings. Spathe
four inches long, erect, cylindric for the most part of its
length, one inch in diameter, and very slightly curved,
rather dirty-green, with about twenty pale almost white
ridges faintly tinged with pink; top of spathe suddenly
decurved, and ending in pendent green ovate acute lamina,
that is given off below a rounded boss-like crown, upon
which the ridges terminate; margins of the lamina pro-
duced along the mouth of spathe as two narrow recurved
lips. Spadi#, male only seen, with a very short reddish
flowering portion, loosely covered with small stipitate
anthers; appendix almost white, sessile on the flowering
portion by its truncate base, elongate conical, gradually
narrowed into a filiform tail ten inches long, the end of
which rests on the ground.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, much reduced figure of whole plant; 2, leaf reduced about one-half;
3, spathe, and 4, spadix of the natural size; 5, anther before dehiscence; 6, the
same after the pollen is shot :—both enl arged.

,

64,58,

M.S. del, J W.Ritch Tith.

Vincent Brooks Day & Son hnp

L Reeve & C® London

Tas, 6458,
BOLLEA C@LESTIS.

Native of New Grenada ?

Nat. Ord. Orcu1pEx.—Tribe VanpE2. :
Genus Botiza, Reichb. f. in Mohl and Schlecht. Bot, Zeit. 1852, p. 667.

Bote eelestis; foliorum vagina 3-4-pollicari 1 poll. lata eompressa, lamina
6-pollicari 2 poll. lata oblongo-lanceolata acuta, pedunculis 4-5 pollicaribus
robustis flexuosis, floribus # poll. diam., sepalis acutis violaceis ultra medium
saturatioribus, marginibus undulatis versus apice flavis, postico obovato,
lateralibus majoribus late oblongis, petalis sepalo postico consimilibus, labello
a basi profunde cordato ovato saturate violaceo basin versus flavo marginibus
recurvis, apice attenuato revoluto, callo in disco elevato tabuleformi antice
rotundato multisuleato aureo columna angustiore, columna crassa fornicata
antice pilosa.

B. ceelestis, Reichb. f. in Gard. Chron, 1876, p. 756, and 1877, p. 366, et in Linnea,
vol. xli. p. 5,

The rarity of blue or violet-coloured Orchids has given a
notoriety to this remarkable plant, which is the largest of
the genus to which it belongs, and from the size and
colouring of the flower by far the most showy. It would
also appear to be a very free flowerer, as Mr. Backhouse
of York, to whom I am indebted for ‘sending the fine
specimen here figured, informs me that four and even six
flowers occur on one shoot, and that twelve had been seen
on one of his plants with three shoots, Unfortunately even
a quarto plate would not give room to represent such a_
specimen. :

Under B. Lalindei (t. 6331) I have expressed concurrence
in the opinion that Bollea should, along with Pescatorea, be
reduced to Zygopetalum; and I am glad to see that M.
Reichenbach adheres to this view, for under the description
of the present plant he says, ‘‘ Botanice Zygopetalum_celeste.”

As to the native country of this plant, Prof. Reichenbach
says, “It was discovered somewhere in western tropical
South America, by M. Roezl, or by the Messrs. Klabock, his

NOVEMBER Ist, 1879.

nephews.” As stated above, I am indebted to Mr. Back«
house for the specimen figured, which was sent up in June
last. For its cultivation he recommends a strong light, but
with slight shade in intense sunshine, a humid atmosphere,
free watering with water of about the temperature of the
house, but never below it, and a temperature of 60° to 70°
in summer, and 55° to 60° in ‘winter.

Descr. Leaves six to ten on a shoot ; Sheath flattened, pale,
three to four inches long by one broad; blade six inches
long by two broad, oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, bright
pale-green. Pedwneles one from each leaf, one-flowered, six
inches long, very stout, erect, flexuous. Flowers four inches
in diameter.’ Sepals broad, acute, violet-purple, with a
broad much deeper band beyond thé middle and undulate
edges, yellow towards the tips, all acute; dorsal smaller,
obovate, hooded ; lateral larger, more oblong. Petals like
the dorsal sepal, and about the same size, but paler coloured.
Lip with a short claw and ovate limb which is deeply cor-
date at the base, its margins are recurved, and tip produced
and revolute; it is deep violet beyond the middle, paler
with yellowish margins towards the base ; disk golden-yellow,
much raised, tabular and rounded in front, deeply grooved
as if formed of about twenty thick parallel raised connate
plates with rounded tips. Column very large, arching over
the disk, violet, obtuse, hairy in front within.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, column and lip; 2, lip; 3, top of column viewed in front :—all enlarged.

J

. Day & Son np
— obese Vincent Brooks Day

LReeve & C°London

Tas. 6459.

TULIPA tripsysia.

Native of Turkestan. )

Nat. Ord. LitraceEm.—Tribe TULIPEX.

Genus Tuutpa, Linn.; (Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. vol. xiv. p. 275.)

Tura triphylla; bulbo ovoideo-oblongo tunicis brunneis membranaceis intus
apice parce adpresse pilosis, foliis 3-4 prope caulis basin impositis linearibus
vel lanceolatis glauco-viridibus faleatis facie glabris margine obscure ciliatis,
peduntulo semipedali glabro erecto, perianthii lutei infundibularis 15-18 lin.
longi segmentis subconformibus oblongis subacutis, staminibus perianthio
triplo brevioribus, antheris filamento clavato glabro zquilongis, ovario clavato-
trigono stigmatibus parvis.

T. triphylla, Regel Gartenftora, vol. xxvii. (187 8), p. 193, tab. 942, figs. bt a:

This is another new species of Tulip from Central Asia.
It was discovered by Dr. Albert Regel, on a recent excur-
sion to the Sairam See, in latitude 42°, just south of the
‘centre of the great Thian-schan range. At first sight its
affinity appears to be with 7. sylvestris, but on looking
closer it is found to have the glabrous filaments and other
marks of the Gesneriana group, in which it is easily recog-
nized by its narrow leaves, crowded together near the base
of the stem, and funnel-shaped yellow flowers with uniform
subacute segments. The drawing was made from plants
that flowered at Kew this present spring, which were raised
from bulbs sent to us by Dr. Regel, the father of its
discoverer. ;

Descr. Bulb ovoid-oblong, middle-sized, the dark brown
membranous tunics with only a few adpressed hairs on the
inside towards the tip. Stem six or eight inches long, one-
flowered, bearing near its base three or four crowded falcate
linear or lanceolate Jeaves, which are three or four inches
long, a quarter or half an inch broad, slightly glaucous,
glabrous on both faces, obscurely ciliated on the margins.

NOVEMBER Ist, 1879.

Peduncele half a foot long, slender, erect, glabrous. Perianth
funnel-shaped, bright yellow, tinted with green on the out-
side; segments nearly uniform, oblong, subacute, an inch
and a quarter or an inch and a half long, half or three-
quarters of an inch broad at the middle. Stamens one-third
as long as the perianth ; anthers linear-oblong, equalling in
length the clavate glabrous filaments. Ovary clavate-
trigonous, shorter than the stamens; stigmas small.—
J. G. Baker.

Fig. 1, a couple of stamens ; 2, pistil :—doth enlarged.

Son imp

Day &ko

Vincent Brooks

2
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3
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=
tS
3
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2

LReeve & C° London

Tas. 6460.
ENKIANTHUS aranatovs.
Native of the Eastern Himalaya.

Nat. Ord. Ertcem.—Tribe ANDROMEDER.
Genus Enxrantuvs, Lour.; (Benth. et Hook.f. Gen. Pl. vol. ii. p. 588.)

EnKiAntuvs himalaicus ; frutex v. arbuscula, foliis ad apices ramulorum fascicu-
latis deciduis membranaceis petiolatis, petiolis pedunculisque pilosis, ovatis
acuminatis serrulatis pubescentibus demum glabratis, floribus umbellatim con-
gestis pendulis, pedunculis elongatis 1-rarius 2-floris, corolla urceolato-campanu-
lata basi zquali, antheris 2-aristatis, capsulis decurvis pentagonis loculicidis
valvarum marginibus incrassatis, seminibus lineari-oblongis, testa 5-alata, alis
membranaceis undulatis,

KE. himalaicus, Hook. f. et Thoms. mm Kew Journ. Bot. vol. vii. p. 125, t. 3.

Rhodoracee, Griff. Posth. Papers, vol. ii. p. 148, n. 717, and Rhodora deflexa,
Griff. 1. c. p. 187, n. 969.

The eastern Asiatic genus Enkianthus presents four
types of structure which almost indicate as many genera,
and would do soif the species had not been united by habit,
and if the characters were associated, instead of applying
each to one species only. The original H. quinqueflorus of
China (tab. nost. 1649) has subumbellate drooping flowers,
as in our plant, but the corolla has five swellings at the
base, and the capsules are erect. H. japonicus (tab. 5822),
the second type, has also subumbellate but spreading
flowers, and the corolla has a contracted mouth and five
much larger swellings at the base, but the capsules are quite
erect ; and, lastly, there is a third, also a Japanese type (L.
Meisteria of Siebold and Zuccarini), with racemose flowers,
and the deflexed capsules and corolla of the £. himalaicus,
but with the lobes of the latter laciniate: this last has not
yet been introduced into cultivation.

Enkianthus himalaicus was discovered by the late Dr.
Griffith in Bhotan, at an elevation of 8000 to 10,000 feet
above the sea, a fact not known to me when I published
the species as a discovery of my own, the Griffithian collec-

NOVEMBER Ist, 1879.

tion being at that time inaccessible in the vaults of the
India House. In Sikkim it inhabits the same elevation as
in Bhotan, and becomes a small tree twenty feet high.

The specimen here figured is from a plant raised in the
Royal Botanic Gardens of Edinburgh, where it has flowered
under Mr. Sadler’s care, and was communicated by Dr.
Balfour in June of the present year. The colour of the
flower is much brighter in the native Sikkim specimens than
in that here represented.

Desor. A large shrub or small tree, with deciduous
leaves that are crowded towards the ends of the branches,
and whorls of drooping flowers. Branches slender, staff,
with red-brown bark, young ones bright red, as are the
petioles, midribs, and margins of the leaves. Leaves two to
three inches long, petioled, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate,
serrulate, base acute, pubescent beneath when young;
petiole slender, hairy. lowers crowded in an umbellate
manner towards the tips of the branches and bases of the
young shoots, pendulous, pedicels hairy, one and a half
inches long, rarely two-flowered. Calyx-lobes small, subulate-
lanceolate, appressed. Corolla half an inch long, broadly
campanulate, obscurely five-angled, five-lobed ; lobes short,
triangular, red, scarcely spreading; limb dull yellowish red,
streaked with brighter red. Stamens included, pubescent
all over, filaments short; anther-horns recurved. Ovary
pubescent. Capsule decurved on the pedicel, almost glo-
bose, with five valves that are thickened at the edges.

Seeds with five membranous wrinkled toothed wings.—
TU

Fig. 1, stamens; 2, calyx and ovary ; 3, vertical section of ovary; 4, peduncle
and capsule ; 5, seed; 6, longitudinal section of ditto :—all but Jig. 4 enlarged.

6461

RACnmerod dé! INPtch Lith = Vincent Brooks Day &Sonlmp :

LReeve &C°London.

Tap. 6461,
SOLANUM TORREYI.

Native of Texas and Arkansas.

Nat. Ord. Sonanacex.—Tribe SoLanEz.
Genus Sozanum, Linn. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. ii. p. 888.)

Sotanum Torreyi ; suffraticosum, cinerascens, stellato-purpuraceum, aculeis parvis
rectis nune raris v. obsoletis, foliis breviter petiolatis ovatis ovato-cordatis
v. hastatissinuato-lobatis, lobis integris v. undulatis obtusis inermibus, cymis
primum terminalibus 2-3-fidis pedunculis pedicellisque robustis, floribus mutan-
tibus, calycis lobis triangulari-ovatis, corolla 2 poll. diam., lobis late ovatis acutis
violaceis plicatis, antheris subequalibus lanceolato-subulatis poro parvo, baccis
globosis glabris, pedunculis reflexis.

8. Torreyi, Gray in Proc. Amer. Acad. Se. vol. vi. p. 44; Synopt. Fl. N. Am.
vol, ii. part 1, p. 230, ’

8. platyphyllum, Torr. in Amer. Lye. New York, vol. ii. p- 227, not. H. B. K,
S. mammosum ? Engelm. et Gray, Pl. Lindh. vol. i. p. 46.

A very handsome and free-flowering hardy Solanum, a
native of the prairies of the interior of North America, east
of the Rocky Mountains, where this and other species of
the genus form a frequent feature in the uniform landscape.
It varies very much in amount of prickliness, depending a
good deal on the dryness of the locality and consequent
luxuriance or poverty of the plant. The young leaf-buds
are often a bright red-purple colour and velvety texture, |
and the older leaves, even in a young state, are often tinged
with pale rose-red underneath. The flowers are large, pro-
duced copiously, and beautifully veined with red-purple.
The plant was raised from seed sent from the Cambridge
(U.S.) Botanic Gardens in 1877, and it flowered in July,
1878, in the open border of the herbaceous ground at Kew
Tt has survived the long cold winter of 1878-9.

Descr. An erect stout herb, with the stem woody below,
and a running rootstock, covered with a close-set purpura-
ceous pubescence of stellate hairs, and more or less prickly;

NOVEMBER Isr, 1879.
ba |

prickles small, straight, most frequent on the midrib of the
leaf beneath, and rare on the stem or absent from it.
Leaves two to three inches long, ovate with a rounded cor-
date truncate or hastate base, sinuately lobed, the lobes
obtuse usually rounded, mealy especially beneath; petiole
short, stout. lowers in terminal few-flowered cymes, two
inches in diameter, nodding; peduncles and pedicels short
and stout. Calya-lobes broadly ovate, subacute or obtuse,
pale blue. Corolla-lobes horizontally spreading, triangular
ovate, acute, plaited, with wrinkled margins and a stout
midrib which is yellowish towards the base; veins purplish.
Stamens subequal, filaments very short; anthers lanceolate,
opening by a small terminal pore, yellow. Berry globose,
glabrous, smooth.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, stamen ; 2, calyx cut open, showing the ovary and style ; 3, vertical section
of young fruit :—all enlarged.

be

fp
¥ vA

(Ee
f/ rer

—————

Vincent Brooks Day Son imp

AB.de INFitd Lith

LReeve & C°Londan

Tas. 6462.
COREOPSIS ARISTOSA.

Native of the United States.

Nat. Ord. Compostrm.—Tribe HELIaNTHOIDER. z
Genus Corxopsis, Linn.; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. ii. p. 385.)

Corkopsis aristosa ; annua, erecta, glaberrima v. hic illic puberula, foliis oppositis
1-2-pinnatisectis, segmentis 5-7 distinctis lanceolatis grosse serratis acuminatis
basin versus attenuatis et integerrimis, capitulis flavis paniculatim corymbosis,
involucri bracteis exterioribus numerosis foliaceis linearibus patentibus tortis,
floribus radii ad 8 limbo elliptico-lanceolato acuto, acheniis late oblongis margi-
natis hispidulis 2-4-aristatis,

C. aristosa, Michx. Fl. N. Am. vol. ii. p. 140; DC. Prodr. vol. v. p. 572; Torr.
et Gr. Fl. N. Am. vol. ii. p. 340, ;

C. aristata, Willd. Sp. Pl. vol. iii. p. 2253.
Diodonta aristosa, Nutt. in Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. (n. ser.) vol. vii. p. 360.

This is one of the many golden-flowered plants of the
Eastern United States, which are the glory of the autumnal
herbaceous vegetation of that country, and are much needed
for the decoration of our borders and beds, late in the season
especially. It is indeed astonishing that these Coreopsises,
with the Asters, Helianthi, Rudbeckkias, Silphiums, and
numberless other fine North American herbaceous plants,
all so easily grown and so handsome, should be entirely
neglected in English gardens ; and this in favour of carpets,
hearth-rugs, and ribbons, forming patterns of violent
colours, which though admired, from being the fashion, on
the lawn and borders of our gardens and grounds, would
not be tolerated on the floor of a drawing-room or boudoir.

Coreopsis aristosa has a wide range in the United States,
from Michigan, one of the most northern, to western
Louisiana in the south, according to Torrey and Gray’s
Flora, though I do not find it included in Chapman’s Flora
of the Southern United States. It is very near the C.
trichosperma of the same regions, differing chiefly in the

NOVEMBER 1st, 1879.

longer teeth of the achenes, though as these are described
as sometimes absent in C. aristosa, that character will not
avail much.

C. aristosa is said to be a swamp plant in America, but it
has flourished in the herbaceous ground at Kew, where the
soil is anything but moist, attaining a height of three feet ;
it is described as a biennial, but it is annual here, and
flowers in September and October.

Desor. A tall slender annual or biennial, with erect wiry
red-brown stems, two to three feet high, quite glabrous,
except for a few hairs chiefly towards the bases of the
leaves and nodes. Leaves opposite, once or twice pinnati-
“sect; the segments five to seven, rather distant, one to
three inches long, lanceolate, acuminate, deeply serrate,
entire towards the narrowed bases. Heads golden-yellow,
nearly two inches in-diameter, in panicled corymbs; pedun-
cles very slender, wiry, tortuous, with a few small distant
simple leaves. Involwcre of many bracts ; outer numerous,
leafy, spreading and twisted, linear, obtuse; inner erect
with involute margins above the middle. Ray-flowers about
eight, neuter, with a short tube and large elliptic lanceolate
acute flat five-nerved limb. Di¢sk-flowers small, tubular.
Style-arms acute. Achenes flattened, broadly oblong, hispid,
the margins thickened and produced upwards each into an
erect hispid awm as long as the achene (awns sometimes
four or wanting, according to descriptions).—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, inner involucral bract; 2, scales of receptacle ; 3, ray-flower ; 4, disk-
flower; 5, style-arms ; 6, achene :—al/ enlarged.

9
VIO”

LONGO

Reeve & Ce

ai

Tas. 6463.
GLADIOLUS BRACHYANDRUS,

Native of Zambesi Land.

Nat. Ord. Intpackm.—Tribe GLADIOLER.

Genus Guapiotus, Linn.; (Baker in Journ. Linn, Soe. vol. xvi. p. 170.)

Guaptotvus brachyandrus ; bulbo magno subgloboso tunicis exterioribus brunneis,
foliis basalibus 4-5 parvis ensiformibus subcoriaceis venis exsculptis, pedunculo
subpedali foliis 1~2 valde reductis predito, spica subpedali laxe 8-10-floro
floribus ascendentibus, spathe valvis lanceolatis flore subduplo brevioribus,
perianthii rubri magnitudine mediocris tubo brevi curvato late infundibulari,
segmentis ineequalibus oblongis acutis, sn ae majori haud cucullato, latera-
libus paulo minoribus, 3 inferioribus multo minoribus, staminibus perianthio
triente brevioribus antheris albis, stylo staminibus xquilongo stigmatibus

oblongis longe unguiculatis.

It has been ascertained during the last twenty years
that there are a considerable number of Gladioli amongst
the mountains of Tropical Africa, which are distinct specifi-
cally from all the well-known old types of the Cape and
Mediterranean region. Dr. Welwitsch found in Angola
eleven species, of which ten proved new, and others have
been met with in Guinea, Abyssinia, the Upper Nile country,
and Zambesi-land. The present plant, however, is the first
of these Tropical African species that has reached this
country alive. It was sent about a couple of years ago to
the Edinburgh Botanical Garden from the Shire Highlands
by Mr. John Buchanan, along with another less showy
species, which also proves to be new. It comes nearest
the Natal G. Eckloni, lately figured in the Macazinn (tab.
6335), and the old well-known G. blandus, but 1s readily
marked at a glance from all its neighbours by its short
stamens and very unequal perianth-segments. Our drawing
was made from a plant flowered by Mr. Sadler at Edinburgh

in the month of July of the present year.
Descr. Bulb depresso-globose, about a couple of inches

DECEMBER Ist, 1879.

in diameter, with bright brown outer tunics. Produced
leaves four or five near the base of the stem, firm in texture,
ensiform, green, strongly ribbed and margined, about half
an inch broad, the largest not more than two or three
inches long. Peduncle about a foot long, bearing one or
two much-reduced leaves. Spike nearly a foot long,
consisting of eight or ten distant ascending flowers ; spathe-
valves lanceolate, membranous at the flowering-time, the
outer an inch or more long, the inner rather shorter.
Perianth bright pale scarlet, two or two and a half inches
long; tube curved, openly funnel-shaped, half an inch long ;
segments all oblong and acute, but very unequal in size,
permanently much imbricated, the upper one an inch and
a half long by half as broad, not cucullate; the two side
ones rather shorter and broader, standing forward in the
fully-expanded flower with slightly spreading tips; the
three lower ones much smaller, under an inch long. Stamens
not reaching up more than half the length of the upper
segment of the perianth; anthers white, a quarter or a
third of an inch long. Style half as long as the top segment

of the perianth; stigmas oblong, falcate, with long claws.—
J. G. Baker. : é

Fig. 1, upper portion of a stamen ; 2, upper portion of style, with the three
stigmas :--both enlarged.

Ny

ME
d se

Tas. 6464.
SCUTELLARIA PURPURASCENS,

Native of South America.

Nat. Ord. Lasrata#.—Tribe StacHyDEZ.
Genus Scuretrarta, Linn. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. ii. p. 1201.)

ScuTettarra (Heteeantheria) purpurascens ; erecta, herbacea, puberula pubescens
v. patentim pilosa, caulibus ramosis teretibus, foliis longe petiolatis ovato-cor-
datis subacutis grosse sinuato-dentatis pallide viridibus pubescentibus v.
glabratis, floralibus parvis v. minutis deciduis, racemo laxifloro, floribus subse-
cundis sparsis v. inferioribus oppositis, calycibus pedicello subzequilongis, fructi-
feris obovato-orbiculatis, corolla pollicari tubo gracili cceruleo, labio superiore
fornicato acuto, inferiore obtuse 4-lobo saturate violaceo linea media albida.

8. purpurascens, Swartz Fl. Ind. Oce. vol. ii. p. 1013; Benth. in DC. Prodr.
vol, xii. p. 416.
S. Felisberti, ees et Mart, in Nov. Act. Acad. Nat. Cur. vol. ii. p. 77.

This appears to me to be one of many varieties of a
common South American Scutellaria, of which the published
type is Swartz’s S. purpurascens, and which has been
described under various names from various parts of that
continent, according to its pubescence, length of petiole,
&c. I have compared Herbarium specimens of what appears
to me the same thing from Dominica, Martinique, St.
Lucia, St. Vincent’s, Trinidad, Guatemala, Venezuela (as
S. meridana, Moritz), and Costa Rica. It appears in
Guiana under the name of 8S. wliginosa, St. Hil., under
which name also it extends to Rio de Janeiro and the
provinces of St. Paul and St. Catherine. There are further
Some very nearly allied plants which may prove to be,
varieties with petioles much shorter than the leaf, as 8.
tubiflora, Benth., of Brazil; a tomentose Cuban plant
named purpurascens by Grisebach;,and a Mexican one
(Orizaba Herb. Bourgeau, No. 2796) with rather larger

flowers.
Our plants of S. purpurascens e received from Mr.

DECEMBER Ist, 1879. a Kerrnsnrce my

Portella of Rio de Janeiro, and flowered at Kew in
September.

Dusor. Perennial; one to two feet high, herbaceous,
pale green, and rather succulent ; more or less pubescent,
or clothed with spreading hairs ; stem branched ; branches
terete. Leaves long-petioled, one and a half to two and
a half inches long, broadly ovate-cordate, obtuse or sub-
acute, coarsely sinuate-toothed, sinus at the base deep, the
lobes almost overlapping, upper surface with spreading
hairs, under finely pubescent or glabrate ; petiole one to
two and a half inches long, terete, pubescent. Haceme one
to two inches long; flowers subsecund, alternate, or the
lower only opposite; bracts small or minute, green,
deciduous, the lower sometimes: leafy; pedicels about
equalling the calyx, pubescent. Calyx one-sixth of an
inch long. Corolla two-thirds of an inch long; tube
slender, slightly compressed, pale blue, hardly dilated
upwards, slightly curved; upper lip small, arched, com-
pressed, acute; lower a quarter of an inch in diameter,
obtusely 4-lobed, dark violet, with a median broad white
band. Fruiting calyx obovate-orbicular ; shield very concave,
deeply cupped, much broader when ripe than represented
in the state figured here; nucules subglobose, minutely

et seated on a prominent columnar receptacle.—
oD. Hi;

Figs. 1 and 2, calyx of immature fruit seen from beneath and from above—
enlarged.

6905

HTD del. JH Fitch Lith. B) Vincent Brooks Day & Son Imp

L.Reeve 2. C° London.

Tas. 6465,

LUZURIAGA nrapioans.
Native of Chili.

Nat. Ord. Sminacrz.—Tribe PHILESIER.

Genus Luzuriaaa, Ruiz et Pav.; (Endl. Gen. Pl. p. 154.)

Luzvrraca radicans ; glaberrima, caulibus gracilibus ramosis flexuosis angulatis
basi radicantibus, foliis distichis ellipticis oblongis lineari-oblongisve acutis v.
apiculatis subtus glaucis costatis et 6-12-nerviis, floribus solitariis v. 2-3-nis
axillaribus nutantibus, staminibus conniventibus filamento brevi lato crasso,
antheris anguste lanceolato-subulatis praefloratione erectis antice dehiscentibus,
ovarii placentis 4~5-ovulatis axim non attingentibus.

L. radicans, Ruiz et Pav. Fl. Peruv., et Chili, ¥ol. iii. p. 66, t. 298; Presl. Rel.
Haenk. vol. ii, p. 130; Hook. et Arn. Bot. Beech Voy. p. 48; Baker in
Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. vol. xiv. p. 573.

A very elegant green-house plant, a native of a consider-.
able extent of the coast of Chili, from the latitude of
Valdivia to the Straits of Magellan, and also of the plains
of Chiloe. It is usually found in forests, rooting up the
mossy trunks of trees. Its roots are used as a substitute
for sarsaparilla in its native country, on which account,
probably, the authors of the genus named it after a
celebrated Spanish physician, Don Ignatio Marie Ruiz de
Luzuriaga. According to the collector Bridges, its stems
are used for rope-making.

The genus Luzuriaga consists of but one species; the
LL. erecta of Kunth being, as originally and rightly described
by Sir W. Hooker, a true Callixene (C. polyphylla, Hook. Ic.
Pl. t.674; tab. nost. 5192), differing wholly from Luzuriaga
in the structure of the anthers, as pointed out, indeed, by
its author, and which renders Kunth’s subsequently remov-
ing it to this genus quite unaccountable. Both these
genera are closely allied to Philesia (tab. nost. 4738), and to
Lapageria (tab. 4447), and they together form a group of
the Sinilacee, or a separate order of the Smilaceous alliance,

DECEMBER Ist, 1879.

characterized by the one-celled ovary with parietal anatropous
ovules, entire style with minute stigma, and berry with
subglobose seeds, the testa of which is membranous and
white, and the albumen horny. The anthers of both Luzu-
riaga and Callixene have been incorrectly described as
opening by pores. They dehisce throughout their length ;
those of Lnzwriaga are erect, and attached by a broad base
to the very short, broad, thick filaments ; those of Callizene
are attached above the free base of the cells to a short
slender filament, and are versatile, becoming in C. polyphylla
reflexed after flowering. Lwuzuriaga radicans has been
cultivated for many years in the Royal Gardens, and thrives
on stones in the shaded side of the Temperate House,
flowering about Midsummer. 7

Drscr. Stems very slender, two to three feet high,
branching, flexuous, angled, green, with small sheathing
persistent brown scales at the nodes. Leaves one to two
and a half inches long,*distichous, rather remote, sessile,
twisted at the base, elliptical-oblong or linear-oblong, acute
or apiculate, bright green above, glaucous beneath, with
three to six pairs of green parallel nerves on each side of
the distinct midrib. Flowers springing from small imbri-
cating brown persistent bud-scales, solitary, or the peduncle
two to three-flowered, drooping; peduncle a quarter to one
inch long, slender, bearing one or two small scale-like
bracts. Flower white, very variable in size, one and a half —
to two inches in diameter. Perianth spreading, segments
elliptic or lanceolate, acuminate, the three inner rather
larger and thickened along the middle. Stamens conniving
into a conical column; filaments inserted at the base of
the perianth-segments, short, broad, and thick; anther
sessile on the broad top of the filament by a broad base
which is continuous with the stout connective, subulate-
lanceolate, subacute, cells narrow, dehiscing laterally, the
valves with inflexed edges. Ovary globose; style strict,
angular; stigmas three, minute; ovules two seriate on
three projecting parietal placentas, anatropous, about five

in a row. Berry size of a pea, globose, few-seeded.—
fe? 3 Hag « &

Fig. 1, front, and 2, back view of anther; 3, ovary ; 4, transverse section of ovary 5
5, berry :—all but 5 enlarged.

ay & Son imp

7

6466

ent Brooks D

Vine:

Tas. 6466.
SYMPHYTUM PEREGRINUM.

Native of the Caucasus.

Nat. Ord. Boraginem.—Tribe Boracen.
Genus Sympuyrum, Zinn.; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. ii. p. 854.)

SYMPHYTUM peregrinum ; caule elato ramoso setis subreversis hispido, foliis inferi-
oribus longe petiolatis elliptico-lanceolatis acuminatis superioribus sessilibus,
omnibus molliter hispidis ciliatisque, petiolis decurrentibus, calyce fere ad basin
5-partito segmentis triangulari-lanceolatis sensim acuminatis hispidulis,
corolla calyce triplo v. quadruplo longiore, tubo angulato medio constricto
supra medium subcampanulato, ore breviter 5-fido, dentibus latis apicibus
recurvis, appendicibus antheras subzquantibus.

8. peregrinum, Ledebour Ind. Sem. Hort. Dorpat. 1820, p. 4; Fl. Ross. vol. iii.
p- 114; DC, Prodr. vol. x. p.37; Briggs in Report of Bot. Exchange Club
Jor 1877-8, p. 17.

8. asperrimum, Bab. Fl. Bathon. 32.

The history of this plant, which is now well known under
the erroneous name of Symphytwm asperrimum (or Prickly
Comfrey) is still obscure. That it is not the true S.
asperrimum of Donn, figured by Sims in this work (t. 929),
is obvious from a comparison of that plate, in which the
calyx is correctly represented as short, and shortly 5-cleft
to the middle only, with obtuse lobes, and which has
curved prickles on the stem, arising from conspicuous white
tubercles. It agrees well with the character of S. peregrinum
given in Ledebour, except that the appendages between the
stamens are rather shorter (than longer) than the anthers,
and the style is not always bent below the top (stylo infra
apicem infracto), though it is sometimes so above the middle.
From S. caucasicum it differs in the stem not being hirsute,
nor the leaves softly hoary, and in the calyx being deeply
divided. In the Report of the Botanical Exchange Club,
cited above (in which work I find the plant for the first
time referred, though doubtfully, to S. peregrinum), it is
suspected to be a garden hybrid between S. asperrimum and

DECEMBER Ist, 1879, ,

S. officinale, which latter is said to be often planted for
forage. This may be so, but there is no evidence of its
hybridity, and Ledebour gives a habitat for the indigenous
S. peregrinum, namely, Sawunt in the Talysch province
of the Caucasus, at a height of 4000 feet above the sea;
and I have seen excellent dried specimens in the Kew
Herbarium, collected by Besser (under the erroneous name of
S. caucasicum, Bieb.), and by Wilhelms, collected in Iberia
in 1824, and sent under the name of S. asperrimum to the
late J. Gay, who has attached to the specimen the note,
“Je crois que c’est le Symphytwm caucasicum M. B. et
nullement le S. asperrimum.”’ Boissier in his Flora Orientalis
(vol. iii. p. 175) indeed says of 8. peregrinum and another,
“‘formz hortenses forsan hybrid.’ Lastly, for my own
part, I see very little reason to regard it as other than a
very large form of S. officinale, with the stem fistular below,
probably originating from cultivation, and not from hy-
bridization.

The specimen here figured flowered in the Royal Gardens
from plants of “ Prickly Comfrey,” presented by Mr. T.
Christy, who has been the means of widely diffusing the
culture of this Symphytum as a fodder plant, under the
above name. For some notes of its use as a cattle food I
must refer to the “ Report of the Progress and Condition
: pas Royal Gardens during the year 1878,” p. 12.—

Fig. 1, portion of stem with decurrent petioles—of the natural size ; 2, calyx;
3, corolla—enlarged.

srooks Day & Son Imp

H7.D.del. LN Fitch lith Nihtant

L. Reeve &C° London.

Tas. 6467.

APHELANDRA powta.
Native of Brazil.

Nat. Ord. AcanTHACEH.—Tribe JUSTICIER.
Genus APHELANDRA, Br.; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. ii. p. 1102.)

APHELANDRA pumila; acaulis v. caule brevissimo, tenuiter -pubescens, foliis con-
fertis terree sub-appressis oblongis v. ovato-oblongis acutis v. obtusis basi
profunde cordatis superne lete viridibus costa nervisque validis interdum pur-
purascentibus, subtus albescentibus costa nervisque prominentibus, petiolo
crasso, spica subsessili amentiforme obtuse 4-angulato breviusculo crasso,
bracteis arcte imbricatis obovatis obtusiusculis coriaceis serratis luride fusco-
purpurascentibus venosis, bracteolis sepalisque oblongo-lanceolatis acutis, corolle
coccinese tubo curvo longe exserto, labio superiore porrecto fornicato rostrato,
inferiore reflexo lobis lateralibus oblongis obtusis intermedio orbiculari.

A. pumila, W. Bull’s Retail List of New, Sc. Plants, No. 143, 1878, p. 4.

Very dissimilar in habit and stature to any of the
numerous species of this beautiful genus that have hitherto
been imported into this country, or are contained in our
Herbaria. Of these no less than fifty species are known,
of which only about a dozen have been in cultivation; and
of these again eight are now figured in this work.

A. pumila belongs to the section with large bracts, the
upper lip erect, concave, and entire, and the lower divided
into three large lobes: it was imported by Mr. Bull from
Brazil, and flowered in the Royal Gardens, to which he
presented it, during last summer. _

Descr. Stem very short, giving off many stout petioled
leaves, and an inclined shortly-peduncled spike. Leaves
crowded, horizontally spreading, and lying almost pros-
trate on the ground, three to five inches long, oblong
or ovate-oblong, acute or obtuse, deeply cordate at the
base, very convex, finely pubescent upon both surfaces,
dark green above, with deeply-impressed green or purplish
midrib and nerves, pale green or whitish beneath, with
much raised midrib and nerves; petiole very stout, half to

DECEMBER Ist, 1879.

one inch long, pubescent, dull purple. Spike three inches
long, on a short stout leafy peduncle, formed of closely
tetragonally imbricate appressed bracts, three-quarters to
one inch long, which are obovate, serrate, subacute, and of
a dull brown-purple colour, the lower of them with green
foliaceous tips. Calyx-segmenits and bracteoles oblong-
lanceolate, acute. Corolla much exceeding the bracts, one
to one and a quarter inch long, scarlet ; tube slender, slightly
curved, arched at the top; upper lip arching, beaked, acute,
compressed, tip ascending ; lower lip sharply reflexed, three-
lobed to beyond the middle, lateral lobes broadly oblong
obtuse, mid-lobe orbicular. Ovary glabrous, on a fleshy
disk.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, bracteole ; 2, sepal ; 3, lower lip; 4, disk and ovary—all enlarged.

“4. 7°
ep ae,.

™

Tas. 6468.

BAA HYGROMETRICA.
Native of N. China.

Nat. Ord. GEsNERACERH.—Tribe CyRTANDREA.
Genus Baa, Comm.; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. ii. p. 1023.)

Baa hygrometrica ; acaulis, albo-sericea, foliis omnibus radicalibus rosulatis sessi-
libus orbiculari-ovatis v. -ellipticis crenatis subtus albo-lanatis, scapis gracilibus
foliis zquilongis v. longioribus nudis 1-pauci-floris, pedicellis calycibusque
patentim pilosis, calycis lobis parvis triangulari-lanceolatis, corolle tubo am-
pullaceo, labii superioris lobis 2 orbiculatis, inferioris lobis 3 majoribus oblongis,
eapsula siliqueeformi elongata calyce multoties longiore.

B. hygrometrica, Brown in Benn. Pl. Jav. Rar. p.120; Deless. Ic. Lel. vol. v.
t. 5:

Dorcockras hygrometrica, Bunge Enum. Pl. Chin. n, 301.

The genus Bea is an Asiatic one, and its head-quarters
are the hilly country of Hastern Bengal, Tenasserim, and
’ Birma, from whence there are seven or eight species, several
of them undescribed. One is found as far east as the
Philippine Islands, and another in N. Australia, whilst the
subject of the present plate occurs a long way to the north
of the ordinary range of the genus, namely, in the neigh-
bourhood of Pekin.

The first described species of the genus B. Commersonii
is even a more distant outlier than any of the above,
and though discovered upwards of a century ago, its
native country has been only very recently ascertained.
For half a century it was claimed by America, and located
in the dismal region of Fuegia (Straits of Magellan);
for the next half-century it was put down as African, and
attributed to the Seychelle Islands, whereas it now proves
to be a native of an island in the Western Pacific. ‘The
history of its re-discovery in Commerson’s habitat is given
by Dr. Trimen in the Journal of the Linnean Society
(Botany, vol. xv. p. 163, where the name is by a typo-
graphical error spelled Boéa), and is so curious that I shall
transcribe it here. The genus was discovered in 1768 by
Commerson, the naturalist to Bougainville’s voyage round
the world, who in his MSS. proposed for it the generic
name Bea, in honour of his brother-in-law, the Rev. Dr.
Beau, of Toulon; the species was subsequently described
in 1783 by Lamarck, from Commerson’s specimens and

DECEMBER lst, 1879.

manuscripts, under the name of B. Magellanica, assumin
. that Commerson had found it in that remote locality, where,
indeed, he had collected largely. Half a century later
Robert Brown, having discovered that Commerson’s speci-
mens were collected at a place called the Port of Praslin
(and the Isles Praslin being the Seychelles), altered the
name of B. Magellanica to that of B. Commersonii, and for
the following half-century the Seychelles have been the
recognized habitat of the plant. Lastly, in 1875, Baron
Mueller sent to Dr. Trimen specimens of a Bea from an
island between New Britain and New Ireland, with a request
that he would compare it with Commerson’s plant. This
Dr. Turner did, and finding them to be identical, he took
the pains to search for Commerson’s Port Praslin, and
found that it was actually situated in the very island from
which Baron Mueller’s specimens were obtained !

Bea hygrometrica was discovered by the now venerable
Dr. Bunge of Dorpat in the mountains near Pekin in 1831,
and the specimens here figured were raised from seeds sent
to Kew in 1876 from the seme locality, by Dr. Bushell,
physician to the British Embassy at Pekin. They flowered
in August of the present year.

Descr. Stemless, clothed with soft long hairs that are
silky on the upper surface of the leaves, and woolly on the
under. Leaves all radical, rosulate, two to three inches
long, sessile, orbicular-ovate or obovate, or almost trapezoid,
obtuse, narrowed and entire towards the base, strongly cre-
nate upwards ; nerves deeply impressed above, the three
main ones longitudinal and diverging from the base.
Scapes very slender, hairy, naked, sparingly divided above,
few-flowered. Flowers pedicelled, nodding, one-half to
three-fourths of an inch in diameter. Calya very small,
lobes triangular-lanceolate. Corolla pale blue with a yellow
throat ; tube inflated, hemispheric; upper lip of two orbicular
lobes, lower with three oblong obtuse lobes, each almost
twice as long as one of the upper. Stamens two, inserted on
the throat of the corolla, filaments very short; anthers
broadly reniform, turned inwards and downwards, and
meeting by their faces. Ovary hairy ;. style slender, stigma
very small. Capsule one and a half inch long, slender,
pubescent, much twisted to the left, terminated by the
slender style.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, section of flower; 2 and 3, front and back view of stamens; 4, capsule :—
all enlarged.

6441
6429
6426
6451
6413
6467
6457
6446
6430
6468
6423
6458
6444
6403
6440
6431
6418
6425
6433
6453
6434
6443
6462
6419
6417
6416

6412
6432
6438
6409
6447
6408
6460
6404

INDEX

To Vol. XXXV. of the Tutrp Suries, or «VOL “Cy.
of the whole Work,

Aichmea Mariz-reginz.
Albuca wakefieldii.
Allium erdelii.

Allium karataviense.
Anemonopsis macrophylla.
Aphelandra pumila.
Ariseema galeatum.
Ariszema nepenthoides.
Aster Townshendii.
Bea hygrometrica.
Billbergia nutans.
Bollea ccelestis.
Bomarea acutifolia.
Burbidgea nitida.
Cajanus indicus.
Calceolaria deflexa,
Carludovica ensiformis.
Cassia alata.
Chionodoxa Lucilix.
Chionodoxa nana.
Cinchona Calisaya, vera.
Colchicum montanum.
Coreopsis aristosa,
Coreopsis nudata.
Cotyledon ramosissima.
Crocus vitellinus.
Cuphea lanceolata.

Cypripedium Lawrenceanum,

Dendrobium Findleyanum.
Dioscorea vittata.

Draczena floribunda,
Eccremocarpus scaber,
Enkianthus himalaicus,
Escallonia floribunda.

6414
6406
6421
6452
6463
6427
6436
6411
6428
6435
6445
6424
6442
6410
6465
6415
6405
6455
6437
6454
6450

6448
6464
6461
6466
6449

6439

6459
6407

6456
6422

6420

Euchlena luxurians,
Fritillaria Karelini.
Gentiana andrewsii,
Geranium atlanticum.
Gladiolus brachyandrus,
Goethea mackoyana.
Hymenocallis macrostephana.
Inula Hookeri.
Tris dichotoma.
Lamprococcus Weilbachii.
Lasiopetalum Baueri.
Linaria dalmatica.
Loasa prostrata.
Loasa vulcaniea.
Luzuriaga radicans.
Monnina xalapensis.
Nepeta spicata,
Odontoglossum maculatum.
Primula rosea,
Pysechotria jasminiflora.
Rhododendron __lepidotum,
var. obovatum.
Salvia elegans,
Scutellaria purpurascens,
Solanum Torreyi.
Symphytum peregrinum.
Trillium nivale.
Tulipa Schrenki.
Tulipa triphylla.
Veronica longifolia,
subsessilis.
Veronica Lyallii.
Villanova chrysanthemoides.
Villarsia capitata.

var.