CURTIS'S BOTANICAL MAGAZINE, Patiala é COMPRISING THE Plants of the Ropal Gardens of Kew, AND OF OTHER BOTANICAL ESTABLISHMENTS IN GREAT BRITAIN 5 WITH SUITABLE DESCRIPTIONS; BY SIR JOSEPH DALTON HOOKER, M.D., C.B., K.C.S.L, F.B.S., F.L.S., Etc., D.C.L. OXON., LL.D. CANTAB., CORRESPONDENT OF THE INSTITUTE OF FRANCE. VoL He OF THE THIEBD BAA ES. (Or Vol. CXV. of the Whole Work.) RRAPRPAIEPRAARAAA ARRARSASR “What more felicitie can fall to creature Than to enjoy delight with libertie, And to be lord of all the workes of Nature, To raine in th’ aire from earth to highest skie, . To feed on flowers and weeds of glorious feature.” SPENSER. AAAARARAARAAN LONDON: o ‘REEVE & CO., 5, HENRIETTA STREET, COVENT GARDEN. 1889. [All vights reserved.} Mo. Bot. Garden, . (1897. : ST. JOMN’S HOUSE, CLERKENWELL ROAD. TO ISAAC BAYLEY BALFOUR, D.Sc., M.D., F.RS., &., &., Professor of Botany in the University of Edinburgh. My pear Batrovr, When, in 1872, I dedicated to my old and valued friend, your father, the Ninety-eighth Volume of the Boranicat Magazine, your career as a student of Botany | in the University of Edinburgh encouraged me to hope that I might live to add your name to those of the dis- tinguished cultivators of that science whose services as such it has been my father’s and my own privilege to commemorate in successive volumes of this work, My hopes have been abundantly realized. As an in- vestigator of the Natural History of Rodriguez and of Socotra, and as a describer of the vegetation of those re- markable islands, you have shown yourself to be a very able botanist. As Professor of Botany successively in the Universities of Glasgow and of Oxford, you have left your mark on the museums and gardens of those venerable insti- tutions ; and it only remains for me to express the hope that the arduous duties of the chair you now hold, the greatest and most influential Botanical Chair in the Queen’s do- _ minions, may leave you leisure to continue as you began to reap laurels in the field of original research. Believe me, my dear Balfour, Sincerely yours, JOS. D. HOOKER, Roya Garpens, Kew, December 1st, 1889. 033 +e yy nal iaeseinh-s hase eae i Aad Ts “3 Tas. 70338, BROWNEA macropuy.na. Native of New Grenada. Nat. Ord. Leauminosz.—Tribe AMHERSTIER. Genus Brownra, Jacg. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. i. p. 577.) Brownea macrophylla ; ramulis petiolis petiolulisque brevibus ferrugineo-lanatis, foliolis 5-jugis oblongis obovato-oblongis oblanceolatisve caudato-acuminatis glaberrimis, capitulis maximis basin versus trunci sessilibus multi-densifloris, bracteis exterioribus amplis rotundatis interioribus oblanceolato-spathulatis pubescentibus, bracteolis 2 in tubum 2-fidum connatis, calycis lobis liberis v. varie connatis, petalis staminibus multoties brevioribus anguste unguiculatis oblongis obovatisve vexillo 2-fido, staminibus 10-12 longissimis, ovario tomentoso. B. macrophylla, Masters in Gard, Chron. 1873, p. 777, fig. 149; The Garden, vol. xv. p. 436, t. 182. B. antioquensis, Linden Catal. No. xxiii. p. 3 (name only). By far the handsomest of hitherto known Browneas, though from the habit, hereafter to be alluded to, of bearing its flowers at the base of the trunk, and of their short duration, it is little hkely to be cultivated for its flowers. Dr. Masters, who was the first to describe it, adopting the name it bore in the garden of its owner, Mr. Crawford of Lakeville, near Cork, states that he strongly Suspects it to be B. cauliflora, Poepp. and Endlicher, a native of Peru, which he says differs in the white flower and more numerous (fifteen) stamens; but far more im- portant characters than these are the perfectly glabrous branches and petioles of B. cauliflora, its leaves not being acuminate, its very small heads, its short calyx-tube, and its silky petals. B. cauliflora is further a native of Maynas in the Peruvian Andes, whilst Linden’s name for B. macrophylla shows it to be a native of New Grenada. Shortly before his lamented death, Mr. Crawford, whose gardens are celebrated for the number of fine plants that have flowered there for the first time, notably several species of Brownea, and the Magnolia Campbellii (Tab. nost. 6793), wrote of this plant that it grew in a lean-to JANUARY Ist, 1889. house with a high stage on which are Cattleias, Lilias, and other Orchids, that shut out much of the light, and most of the flowers seemed to prefer the dark, and grow close to the ground in the darkest part of the house ; also that it blossomed first in the coldest weather, and the blossoms lasted for only two days. The heads of flowers attain a circumference of three feet, and ripe seeds have been produced that germinated and produced young plants. Mr. Crawford further succeeded in crossing it with B. grandiceps, the result of which is a great improvement on grandiceps, the flowers lasting longer than those of the parents. : The specimen figured here was sent to Kew in March last by Mr. Crawford very shortly before his death. Dr. Masters describes the tree as being (in 1877) about thirty feet high and unbranched for ten feet. A specimen of the same plant in the Kew Herbarium is marked as collected in Antioquia by Mr. Jervise. Descr. A small tree, attaining thirty feet in height in Mr. Crawford’s garden, with a crooked trunk. Branches, petioles and petiolules clothed with a dense brown tomen- tum. Leaves about a foot long; petiole terete, slender ; leaflets about five pairs, eight inches long and less, very shortly petioluled, from oblong to oblanceolate, contracted into a long acuminate point, quite smooth and glabrous ; nerves eight to ten pairs. Heads of flowers eight to ten inches in diameter, sessile on the trunk towards its base. Outer bracts two to three inches broad, rounded, silky externally ; inner bracts narrowly spathulate, pubescent, longer than the calyces ; bracteoles connate in a two-lobed funnel-shaped tube. Calyx one inch long, scarlet ; lobes five, lanceolate, free or variously connate. Petals twice as long as the calyx, claws very slender, as long as the oblong scarlet blade, dorsal two-fid, the others rounded at the top. Stamens ten to twelve, two and a half inches long, scarlet. Ovary stipitate, very narrowly fusiform, tomen- —tose.—J. D. H. | Fig. 1, Flower with bracteoles; 2, inner bract; 3, calyx; 4, standard; 5, staminal insertion; 6 and 7, anthers; 8, pistil :—al/ enlarged. 3 4. 70 a = Tr, fst Saye rt iyeler.4 neentB Ve Vai ‘A. ne + dd Ee Wists Ftv LUCE Tas. 7084. OLEARIA tnstants. Native of New Zealand. f Nat. Ord. Compostrm.—Tribe AsTEROIDER. Genus Orraris, Mench. ; (Benth. et Hook.f. Gen. Pl. vol. ii. p. 276.) OLEaRIA insignis ; frutex robustus, ramulis crassis petiolis foliis subtus pedun- culisque dense niveo- v. rufo-tomentosis, foliis petiolatis ecrasse coriaceis oblongis obovatisve obtusis basi cuneatis v. subcordatis supra demum glaber- rimis nitidis, pedunculis elongatis crassis monocephalis, involucri subglobosi tomentosi bracteis numerosissimis dense imbricatis subulato-lanceolatis exte- rioribus obtusis, intimis apicibus acerosis recurvis, floribus radii numerosis, ligulis 2-3-seriatis 3-dentatis, pappi setis rufis equilongis scabridis apicibus subclavellatis, acheniis gracilibus dense sericeis. O. insignis, Hook. f. Fl. Nov. Zel. vol. ii. p. 331; Handb. of New Zeald. Flora p. 125; Lhe Garden, vo). xxxiv. p. 534, t. 678. The genus Olearia, including Hurybia, represents, to- gether with the scarcely distinguishable Celmisia, in _ Australia and New Zealand, the Asters of the north tem- perate regions and the Felicias of South Africa; and except by the terete achenes of Olearia and its shrubby or even arboreous habit, it is difficult to distinguish it botanically from Aster. Of all the many species of Olearia, however, none departs so widely from Aster as does the one here figured, which in its great ovoid involucre with the bracts in very many series, and its uniseriate pappus of perfectly equal hairs, rather clubbed at the tip, departs a good deal from the typical Olearias. It belongs to the group Hriotriche of the genus, in which the hairs are neither stellate nor fixed by the middle, but from a matted mass of wool. O. insignis is a native of rocky river banks in the north part of the Middle Island, as in the province of Nelson, where it was discovered by Captain D. Rough about 1850. _ It has also been gathered on the banks of the Warrau river _ in the north-east part of the same island, occurring from the sea-level to 5000 feet elevation. The specimen figured was presented by that most excellent horticulturist and JANUARY Ist, 1889. valued correspondent of Kew, Herr Max Leichtlin of Baden Baden, in July of last year. Dzscr. A low tabular-headed, very robust bush. Branch- lets as thick as the middle finger, as well as the petioles leaves beneath and midrib above, peduncles and involucres, densely clothed with white or pale red-brown felted hairs. Leaves four to six inches long, elliptic oblong or obovate, obtuse, quite entire, thickly coriaceous, at first woolly above, at length quite glabrous smooth and shining ; base acute, obtuse or subcordate; petiole very stout, terete, half to one and a half inches long, nerves very obscure on both surfaces. Peduncles axillary or subterminal, one- very rarely more-flowered, four to six inches long, as thick as a goose-quill, usually with one or two small narrow leaves on the upper part. Head an inch in diameter, subglobose, narrowed upwards ; bracts very many, small, appressed, imbricate in many series, lanceolate, outer obtuse, upper- most with needle-like recurved points. Flowers of ray very many, in two or more series, white; ray linear, half an inch long, three-toothed; disk flowers narrowly tubular, yellow, five-toothed. Achenes slender, silky, the upper- most hairs more rigid and lengthened like an outer pappus, but quite smooth; pappus of one row of rigid white or rufous scabrid bristles slightly thickened at the tips.— a DH, 7 Fig. 1, Flower of the ray ; 2, do. of the disk ; 3, hai : : 5, style-arms :—all enlarged. , » hair of pappus; 4, anthers ; 7O35 S43) INGea Unnnance ance Tin i Mae MS.del, JN Fitch bth. Vincent Brooks Day & Son In LBeeve&C°? London. Tas. 7035. ROSA INcARNATA. Native of France. Nat. Ord. Rosacez.—Tribe RosEz. Genus Rosa, Linn. ; (Benth. et Hook.f. Gen. Pl. vol. i. p. 625.) Rosa incarnata ; ramulis inermibus strictis superne petiolisque glanduloso-pubes- centibus, stipulis magnis ellipticis glandulosis, foliolis 3-5 subsessilibus ellipticis supra viridibus subtus pallidis glaucescentibus, nervis validis plus minusve marginibusque duplicato-serrulatis glandulosis, pedunculis solitariis paucisve calycibusque sericeo-glandulosis, calycis tubo ovoideo utrinque an- gustato, sepalis lanceolatis longe acuminatis tribus pinnatifidis, disco par- vulo, stylis liberis hispidis, corolla majuscula lete rosea. R. incarnata, Mill. Gard. Dict. Ed. 1, Rosa No. 28, Ed. 3, Rosa No. 19; Boreau Fl. Centr. Fr. Ed. 2, p. 218; Crepin in Bull. Soc. Bot. Belg. vol. xv. p. 244; Deseglise in Men. Soc. Acad. Maine et Loire, p. 72, et extra, p. 32; Fourreau Cat. Pl. Cours de Rhone, p. 73. It seems incredible that a plant growing wild in several parts of France, and which was recognized in English gardens two hundred and forty-eight years ago, and named and described in a standard work a hundred and seventeen years ago, should have, as it were, passed entirely out of the knowledge of horticulturists and botanists till the latter half of the present century. Yet such is the history of the Rtosa incarnata, of Miller, enumerated under this name in the first edition of that author’s Gardener’s Dictionary, published in 1731, and described in the third edition (1771) of the same work. Nor is this its earliest recogni- tion, for Miller in his first edition (1737) cites Parkinson’s Herbal published in 1640, where (p. 1019) allusion is made to ‘the Trachynia, our pale red rose which Lugdunensis saith the French call Rosa incarnata, but Camerarius in horto saith it is a purple rose of a deeper or blackish rose- red colour with a pale violet colour mixed therewith, &c.” In Parkinson’s Herbal (1656) I find “2. Rosa incarnata, the Carnation Rose,” to which is added “ Rosa Belgica sive vitrea.”’?’ On the other hand, Miller in his first edition cites Rosa Belgica sive vitrea ‘‘as another plant, and in his third edition he describes it as having a prickly stalk.” JANUARY Ist, 1889. Parkinson describes R. incarnata as “very thick and double, very variable in the flower, some paler as if blasted, _ which cometh not casually but naturally to this Rose” The best flowers he says are “ of a bright Murrey colour, near unto the velvet Rose, but nothing so dark in colour.” Miller calls it the Blush Rose (a name now usurped by R. alba), and adds that it flowers with the York and Lancaster roses, after the Damask, but before the Pro- vences. I can find no notice of the Rosa incarnata of Miller in any subsequent systematic botanical or horticultural work till 1857, when Boreau resuscitated it in the second edition of his Flore du Centre de Ja France, since which it has been recognized by all authors on the genus. There is indeed a variety of alba, Linn., called incarnata, established by Persoon, and taken up by De Candolle in the Pro- dromus (vol. ii. p. 622), where it is identified with the ** Rose cuisse de Nymphe” of French gardeners; but Lt. alba has very different foliage from incarnata, and can never have been confounded with it. This, however, ac- counts for Steudel referring Miller’s imcarnata doubtfully to R. alba. Rosa incarnata is one of the Gallicane group of Crepin, the latest and most learned writer on the genus, and is nearest to ft. gallica, of which some botanists may be supposed to regard it as a variety. This may account in part for its being overlooked as a species, but not for the omission of the name in all descriptive works. Crepin ~ diagnoses it by the unarmed petioles, elliptic-ovate leaflets | pale and pubescent beneath with glandular doubly serrate margins, and the ovoid glandular calyx-tubes. It is a native of various widely separated districts in France, and is also found nearGeneva. Lastly, Mr. Baker has referred me to the figure of the rose ‘‘ Baroness Rothschild,” figured in Paul’s ‘‘ Rose Garden,” Hd. 9, p. 262, a hybrid perpetual, as perhaps nearly related to R. incarnata. The specimen figured was kindly communicated by the Rey. Canon Ellacombe, whose collection of species of Rosa is famous, and has contributed largely to that of Kew.— J.D. H. Fig. 1, Fruit of the natural size; 2, achene, enlarged. 7O36 p/ Et estar ™ ‘ie es ‘ ois - se eRe Hinerreeenrettrapte nt ; Sy Tab. 7036. STREPTOCARPUS PARVIFLORA. Native of the Cape of Good Hope. Nat. Ord. CrrTanDRACcEx.—Tribe CyRTANDREZ. Genus Srreprocarrus, Lindl.; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. ii. p. 1023.) Streprocarpus parviflora; laxe lanuginosa, foliis paucis terre appressis subses- silibus patulis ovatis obtusis crenatis bullatis, scapis gracilibus plurifloris, bracteis minutis, calycis segmentis minoribus erectis, corollz tubo lente curvo purpureo glanduloso-piloso, lobis rotundatis albis, S. parviflora, E. Meyer Zwei Pfl. Docum. p. 152 (nomen tantum) (non Bot. Mag. t. 6636); C. B. Clarke, Monogr. Cyrtand. 152. At Tab. 6636 of this work a plant is figured under the name of Streptocarpus parviflora, which, though evidently most closely allied to that here figured, has quite lately been regarded as a different species. This latter is, ac- cording to Mr. Clarke, the most recent monographer of the genus, probably S. lutea of Clarke, of which that author says “8. parvijflore forsan varietas.” Of S. parviflora there is no authentic description, nor are there specimens in the Herbarium at Kew so named by its author, but now that both the reputed 8. parviflora of E. Meyer, and the plant figured for it at t. 6636 are known in cultivation, the diagnosis of the two is easy; the true S. parviflora is densely shaggy all over except the corolla, the leaves are appressed to the ground, much broader, ovate and spreading, the flowers rather larger, and the corolla lobes are orbicular, the corolla-tube is also narrower in proportion to the size of the flower. In all other respects the species are very similar. The only native Specimens in the Kew Herbarium of the true parviflora are one very poor one collected by Harvey at Uitenhage and labelled by him 8. Rhevii B., and very fine ones from an altitude of 3900 feet on the Graaf Reinet Mountains, collected by Mr. Bolus. According to Mr. Clarke it has JANUARY Ist, 1889, a very wide range indeed in South Africa, from the Cape district to Grahamstown and Natal. The subject of the present plate was raised from seed brought by Mr. Watson, sub-curator of the Royal Gardens, from the immediate vicinity of Grahamstown in 1887. Descr. Whole plant except the corolla shaggy with soft hairs. eaves several from the root, four to six inches long, spreading, sessile or subsessile, ovate, obtuse, crenate, bullate, dark green above, nearly white beneath. Scapes several, six to ten inches high, reddish; flowers sub- cymosely racemed; pedicels slender and as well as the calyx, corolla-tube and ovary glandular-pubescent ; bracts small, subulate. Calyx one-sixth of an inch long; seg- ments linear, erect. Corolla-tube two-thirds of an inch long, slightly recurved, purplish without and within; limb as broad, flat, lobes orbicular, white, slightly unequal.— w. 1). U. Fig. 1, Calyx and ovary ; 2, corolla laid open; 3 and 4, stamens:—al/ enlarged. Te ee i Jeeve « U-, London Vincent Brooks Day & Sonim Taz. 7037. MACODES savanica. Native of Java. Nat. Ord. OrcH1pEx.—Tribe Neorriez. Genus Macovss, Blume ; (Benth. et Hook.f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p. 602.) Macopss javanica ; foliis parvis petiolatis elliptico-ovatis acutis, supra saturate viridibus lineolis albis pulcherrime transverse striolatis, subtus pallidis carneo- marmoratis, scapo stricto pauci-vaginato, spica multiflora floribusque glandu- loso-pubescentibus, bracteis ovato-lanceolatis carneis ovarium squantibus, sepalis ovato-rotundatis obtusis, petalis lineari-oblongis falcatis obtusis, la- bello supero parvo basi late ventricoso intus prope margines 2-calloso, lobis lateralibus parvis, terminali angusto spathulato plano, columna brevi 2-alata, rostello elongato, clinandrio cyathiformi. Argyrorchis javanica, Blume Orchid. Archip. Ind. p. 120, t. 31 and 56 E (forma abnormis). I have been much perplexed as to the identification of the subject of this plate, which appears to me to be a true Macodes, differing from M. Petola, Lindley, in its robust habit, larger thicker leaves, with green longitudinal nerves, though crossed like M. Petola with white ones. It bears the name at Kew of Argyrorchis javanica, Blume, and turning to Blume’s figure of that plant (Orchid. Ind.), it closely resembles it in everything but the shape of the lip: in the accompanying description, Blume describes the petals as cohering with the dorsal sepal, and this I find to be the case, though they are very easily removable. It is less easy to account for his description of the lip as narrow, erect, undivided and altogether like the petals. Such a lip is an anomaly in the whole tribe of Orchids to which Argyrorchis belongs, and may be put down to a monstrous (or Peloria) condition, in which case Argyrorchis would be referable to Macodes, as is indeed suggested by Bentham in a note under the genus Selenipediwm (Gen. PI. vol. tii, p. 335). Bentham in the Genera Plantarum has regarded Macodes aS a monotypic genus, no doubt overlooking the three described by Reichenbach in his “ Xenia,” to which the present is an addition. The beauty of M. javanica resides in the deep green JANUARY Ist, 1889, velyety leaves, the light-green longitudinal nerves of which are united by groups of transverse snow-white irregular streaks, much like those of Dichorisandra mosaica, but more delicate. It is a native of Java, and flowered in the Royal Gardens in May of last year, having been sent by the Director of the Buitenzorg Gardens. Descr. An erect rather succulent glandular pubescent herb, twelve to eighteen inches high ; roots fibrous, fleshy. Stem below the leaves four to six inches high, as thick as a swan’s quill, pale reddish clothed with short sheaths that are sometimes terminated by areduced leaf-blade. Leaves three to five, approximate, elliptic, acute, narrowed into a short stout petiole with a short amplexicaul sheath, upper surface very dark velvety green with green parallel nerves and groups of delicate white undulating cross striole, under surface and petiole pale flesh-coloured with white nerves and irregular cross bars. Scape strict with one or two flesh-coloured sheaths. Spike four inches long, lax-flowered ; bracts lanceolate, flesh-coloured, as long as the ovaries which are green and one-third of an inch long. Perianth half an inch in diameter ; lateral sepals spreading, broadly ovate, obtuse, bright orange-red with white midrib and tips; petals, lanceolate, faleate, appressed one on each side of the dorsal sepal which is rather thelargest of the three. [ip superior, small, sessile in the centre of the flower, yellowish white, consisting of a pitcher-shaped sac with rounded ears between which is a small deflexed spathulate flat midlobe; there are two globose glands just within _ the margin of the pitcher, one on each side. Column short, stout, with a long rostellum, membranous wings, and a cup-shaped clinandrium.—J, D. H. Fig. 1, Flower; 2, petal ; 3, lip; 4, side view of the same, showing one of the glands ; 5, top of ovary and column; 6, column seen in front :—all enlarged 7038 Vincent Brooks, Day & Son Imp C2 London. * ws LReeve Pe eee Fee ica, M.S del,J-N Fitch, lth, TAB, 7088, STRELITZIA Niconatr. Native of South Africa ‘Nat. Ord. ScrraminEx.—Tribe Muse. Genus Strevirzia, Ait. ; (Benth. et Hook.f. Gen, Pl. vol. iii. p. 656.) Streirz1a Nicolai; caudice elato, foliis erectis lamina petiolo xquilonga elliptico-oblonga obtusa basi cuneata rotundata v. subcordata, scapo brevissimo robusto, bracteis 5-6 pedalibus cymbiformibus acuminatis griseo-brumeis, pedicellis crassis roseis, sepalis subequalibus concavis lanceolatis acuminatis, petalo exteriore brevissimo ovato-rotundato mucronato, lateralibus in laminam sagittatam ceruleam connatis. ; S. Nicolai, Regel & Korner in Gartenfl. 1858, p. 265, t. 235; Karner in Mittheil. der Russ. Gartenb, vol. i. p. 54, eum Te.; Jovet in Rev. Hortic. 1888, p. 117; FU. de Serres xiii. 1356 ; Gard. Chron, 1888, pt. ii. p. 695. The date of introduction of this fine plant, which, seeing the stature it has attained, must have been cultivated in European Botanical Gardens for a great many years, is unknown; nor has its native locality in South Africa been ascertained. In habit and foliage it so closely resembles the familiar S. Augusta (see Bot. Mag. t. 4167), that before it flowered it was naturally supposed to be that plant. §. Augusta was introduced in 1791 by Francis Masson, but there is no record of where he procured the plant. Thunberg, who discovered S. Augusta during his travels in 8, Africa (1772—1775), gives as its habitat, in his | Prodromus Flora Capensis, the Pisang River in Anteniqua Land. These names I do not find in any map or gazeteer, — but I presume .the latter to be the Oliphant River from the following facts. Burchell, the famous botanical traveller in South Africa, never met with S. Augusta except in the Cape Town Botanical Gardens, but he says that its Dutch name is “ Welde Pisang,” the wild Plantain, Pisang being the Malay name of the Plantain, which this Strelitzia resembles in foliage, and Thunberg’s Anteniqua may be assumed to be the region of the Onteniqua Mountains, through which the Oliphant River flows. This identifica- tion of the river is confirmed by a reference to the valuable Faprvuary Ist, 1889. work of another South African botanical traveller, the late James Backhouse,’ the founder of the famous Nurseries -at York. In his instructive and interesting ‘Visit to Mauritius and South Africa,’? which he undertook for philanthropic purposes, Backhouse only once mentions seeing Strelitzia Augusta, and that was at Plattenberg Bay, a bay on the coast some 300 miles east of Cape Town, and where the Oliphant River falls into the sea. It would be as interesting to know the geographical area occupied by S. Augusta as to discover that of S. Nicolai. S. Nicolai differs from S. Augusta in its larger bracts and flowers, and in the hastate combined petals, which are further of a pale blue colour. (In S. Augusta these are round at the base and white.) It seems to have been first noticed as a distinct species in the Imperial Gardens of St. Petersburgh, where it flowered in 1858, and was named by Regel and Korne after the Emperor Nicholas. It is alluded to in a note in the Gardener’s Chronicle under the name of S. Augusta, which note brought a state- ment from M. Henriquez of the Coimbra Botanical Garden (Portugal), to the effect that the same plant flowers annually there. It must be left to the botanists of South Africa to discover its native country, and whether the few characters that distinguish it from 8. Augusta are constant or not. The plant from which the accompanying figure was taken had a stem twenty-five feet high, and flowered in the winter months. In European Gardens it 1s treated as a green-house plant, in respect of which I may state that S. Augusta which was figured in this work from a specimen that flowered in the Palm House, also throve and flowered regularly for many years in the - Temperate House.—J. D. H. Fig. 1, Flowers with the sepals narrowed, showing the two combined and small ne petal; 2, apex of combined petals stamens and style; both of the natural size. 7089 Sa nieecsining a ve Vineertt Brooks Day & Son Imp M Sdel. JN Fitch ith. L. Reeve & C° London. Tazs. 7089. STYRAX OBASSIA. Native of Japan and Corea. Nat. Ord. Sryracez. Genus Styrax, Linn. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. ii. p- 669.) Strrax Obassia; frutex v. arbuscula, ramulis foliisque subtus tomentellis, foliis breviter petiolatis aliis oblongo-rotundatis obtusis integerrimis v. obscure denticulatis aliis multo majoribus orbicularibus supra medium grosse sinuato- dentatis, racemis terminalibus multifloris simplicibus, floribus pendulis, calycis tubo subcampanulato inzqualiter 5-dentato, petalis oblongis obtusis imbricatis, staminibus glabris, antheris filamento zquilongis, capsula obovoidea crustacea tomentella. S. Obassia, Sieb. & Zucc. Fl. Japon. vol. i. p. 93, t. 46, A. DC. Prodr. vol. viii. p_260; Franch. & Savat. Enum, Pl. Jap. vol. i. p. 309; Miguel Prolus. Fl. Jap. p. 265; Gard. Chron. 1888, ii. p. 131, f. 12; Journ. of Horticul- ture, 1888, p. 513, f. 73. One of the most attractive of the many hardy shrubs introduced within late years from Japan, where it is a native of the southern mountains of Kiusiu and Sikok. It has also been detected in Corea by Wilford, when collect- ing for the Royal Gardens of Kew in 1859. Siebold, who discovered it in Japan, attributes to it no other property but its scent of Hyacinths, he gives it the native name of “ Obassia,’ which is rendered ‘ Owo batsya” by Franchet and Savatier in their enumeration of Japan plants. The difference in size and form of the leaves is re- markable, the larger attaining ten inches in diameter, and occurring sometimes at the apex of the branches, at others alternately with the smaller. The petiole presents the remarkable character of sheathing the leaf-buds, as in Liriodendron, Platanus and other widely separated genera of plants. The specimen figured is one exhibited by Messrs. Veitch at a fortnightly meeting of the Royal Horticultural Society in June, 1888, and kindly communicated for figuring in this work. The racemes which are represented in the Gardener’s Chronicle as erect with suberect flowers is in Fepruary lst, 1889. our specimen inclined with pendulous secund flowers, as in the description and plate of Siebold and Zucearini. A shrub or small tree; branches slender and leaves beneath covered with stellate down. Leaves of two forms, the larger orbicular or orbicular-oblong, six to ten inches in diameter, coarsely sinuate-toothed above the middle, denticulate towards the base, petiole one inch; the smaller more shortly petioled, two to four inches long, broadly oblong, green above, nearly white beneath, with often red- brown hairs on the nerves. Racemes terminal, four to seven inches long, very shortly peduncled, laxly many- flowered; bracts small, caducous; pedicels half an inch long. Flowers snow-white, secund, drooping, about one and a half inches broad. Calyz subcampanulate, green, terete, minutely rather unequally five-toothed, stellately downy. Petals oblong, obtuse, concave, strongly imbricate. -Stamen united in a tube at the base with the petals, glabrous; anthers as long as the filaments or shorter. Ovary partly superior, tip hemispheric, puberulous ; style filiform; stigma simple. Capsule one inch long, ovoid, | crustaceous, bursting from the base upwards, girt below by the enlarged calyx. Seed ellipsoid.—J. D. H. Fig. 1, Calyx and style; 2, flower laid open; 3 and 4, stamens ; 5, ovary with part of the calyx removed; 6, fruit :—a/J but f. 6 enlarged. * 7040 M S.del, IN Mth. Vincent Brooks Day &Son bap . i Reeve & C? London. Tab. 7040. TRIS Mepa. Native of Persia. Nat. Ord. In1tpEx.—Tribe MormeEx. Genus Iris, Linn. ; (Benth. et Hook.f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p. 686.) Tris (Pogoniris) Meda; rhizomate breviter repente, foliis basalibus brevibus linearibus glaucescentibus, caule monocephalo foliis subsequilongo, spathe valvis binis contiguis Janceolatis herbaceis, pedicello subnullo, perianthii tubo ovario zquilongo limbi segmentis luteo-viridulis ubique venis brunneis decora- tis, exterioribus oblongo-cuneatis supra medium patulis barba centrali densa lutea brunneo marginata decoratis, interioribus erectis oblongis unguiculatis , styli ramis latis cristis parvis deltoideis. Iris Meda, Stapf in Bot. Ergeb. Polak Expedit. Pers. p. 20. This is a well-marked new Iris, which was discovered in Persia in the year 1882 by the Austrian traveller, Polak, and introduced by him to Vienna. Its nearest alliance is with the South European Iris Chameiris of Bertoloni, of which the flower in the type is yellow, and of which there are two fine violet varieties, one of which, J. olbiensis, Henon, was figured, Bot. Mag. t. 6110. Probably the present species will be also found to be variable in colour, as in the original description violet and lilac are mentioned. It is said to flower in its native home at the middle of May, and this was also the case with the plant in England. Our drawing was made from a plant grown at Shelford by Professor Michael Foster. Desor. Rhizome short-creeping, weaker than that of J. pumila. Basal leaves about four, linear, glaucescent, not more than three or four inches long at the flowering time. Stem one-headed, about as long as the leaves. Spathe one-flowered; valves contiguous, lanceolate, herbaceous, two or two and a half inches long; pedicels scarcely any. Ovary cylindrical, under an inch long; perianth-tube green, cylindrical, as long as the ovary; segments of the limb (in our plant) greenish-yellow, copiously veined from top to bottom with brown; outer segments oblong-cuneate, Fesrvary Ist, 1889. reflexing from half-way down, brown in the centre, with a dense yellow beard; inner segments as long as the outer, rather narrower, oblong-unguiculate, erect. Style-branches broad and convex on the back; crests small, deltoid, crenate. Anther linear, longer than the filament.—J. G. Baker. Fig. 1, Stamen; fig. 2, style-branch, with its crests :—both enlarged. 04]. - é Vincertt Brooks Day & Son Imp. © London, & «oe *, " Lceve Li et tehetetotatteanietttpomtge . Tiara: aneMRnneaeE NEY a eRe ae eo ‘ «= tch bth 1, J.N.Eit 4 dei M.S Tas. 7041. OPUNTIA Rariyasqur. Native of the United States of America. Nat. Ord. CacTEz. Genus Opuntia, Mill. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. i. p. 851.) Opruntra (elliptice) Rafinesquii; diffusa, radice fibrosa, articulis obovatis v. suborbiculatis, foliis subulatis patulis, papillis subremotis albido v. griseo- villosis setas graciles gerentibus plerisque inermibus, aculeis paucis sepissime marginalibus validis rectis albis uno alterave graciliore deflexo adjecto, alabastris conicis acutis, ovario clavato pulvillis 20-25 griseo-villosis rufo- setosis instructo, sepalis sub 13 oblanceolatis acuminatis interioribus petaloideo- marginatis cuspidatis, petalis 10-13 obovatis erosis denticulatis sulphureis, stigmatibus 7-8 erectis pallide flavis, bacea obovoidea subnuda pulposa pur- purascente, umbilico infundibulari, seminibus compressis. O. Rafinesquii, Hngelm. in Pacific Rail. Rep. vol. iv. p. 41, t. 10, f. 3-5, t. 22, f. 7,8; Synops. Cact. p. 295; Bot. Works, p. 148, 164; Torry Bot. Bull, vol. in. t. 34; Lemaire Ill. Hort. 15, Mise. 49 cum Ic.; Haage & Schmidt in Rev. Hortic. 1868, p. 90, f. 10, 11; Gray Man. Bot. N. U.S. p. 185; Porter Flor. Colorad. p. 49 ; First. Handb. Cact. p. 923, fig. 126; Hemsley in Garden, vol. xi. p. 274. O. macrantha & O. cespitosa, Raf. in Bull. Bot. Genev. 1830, p. 216 ; Fl. Med. vol. ii. p. 247; Pfeiff. Enum. Cact. p. 146, : O. vulgaris, Torr. & Gr. Fl. N. Am. vol. i. p. 535 in part ; Emerson Trees of Massachuss, p. 424. O. vulgaris, var.? Rafinesquii, Gray Man. Bot. Ed. 2, p. 136. Cactus Opuntia, Torrey Fl. NV. States, p. 466 in part. The fact that Cacti are sufficiently hardy to bear English winters has long been known, and is set forth in this work when figuring Opuntia vulgaris (Cactus Opuntia, t. 2398), but it is comparatively of late that their cultivation in the open air with protection from damp only in the winter months has been successfully pursued to any extent; and when the number of large and-brilliantly flowered species that inhabit countries to which such treatment in England is well adapted is considered, a very great development of this branch of Horticulture is to be anticipated. O. Ra- Jinesquii has a wide range in North America, from Wisconsin in the north and Kentucky in the east, and probably to Louisiana and Texas in the south and west. For a full Frprvuary lst, 1889. account of the species and its numerous forms, I must refer to Engelmann’s works enumerated above, and from which the characters of this species are derived. Dr. Engelmann enumerates no fewer than fifty Opuntias, natives of the United States of America, of which Rafinesquit is the most widely distributed and, as might be expected, the most variable. It comprises five local forms, of which three are western and two eastern. The latter are var. microsperma, which has usually been confounded with 0. vulgaris, and var. grandiflora, a native of Texas. The plant here figured is no doubt the first of these, distinguished by its large flowers, which are often red in the centre, and few spines (which are sometimes entirely absent). The plant with which 0. Rafinesquii was so long con- founded is the O. vulgaris, the only American species north of Mexico with which Linnewus was acquainted; it is confined to the west of North America, east of the Alle- ghany Mountains, where it extends from Massachusetts to Florida, and is the eastern representative of Rafinesquii, which is only found to the westward of that range. » Engelmann distinguishes vulgaris from the latter plant by its smaller size, paler colour, small pulvilia, usual absence of spines, smaller flowers with less numerous parts, and especially by the short thick and more or less appressed leaves. O. Rafinesquii has been cultivated for many years at Kew, flowering annually all through the summer. It was no doubt one of the many contributions of Cacti received from the late Henry Shaw of St. Louis, the founder of the Shaw Botanical Gardens and School of. Botany in that city, and to whose munificence botanists owe the publica- tion of the collected works of G. Engelmann.—J. D. H. Fig. 1 and 2, Stamens; 3, style and stigmas ; 4 and 5, seeds :—all enlarged. 7042 : IW 44 wea oe MM. S$. del, J Fitch itth. Vincent Bro oks Day & Sonk L Reeve & C2 London Tas. 7042, DENDROBIUM eracicicavte. Native of Eastern Australia. Nat. Ord. Oncu1pEx.—Tribe EPpIpENDREZ. Genus Denprosium, Sw. ; (Benth. et Hook.f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii.) Denvrosium (Stachyobium) gracilicaule: caulibus fastigiatis 3-6 pollicaribus teretibus simplicibus plurivaginatis basi vix tumidis apice 3-5-foliatis, foliis oblongo-lanceolatis apice 2-fidis, scapis caulibus aphyllis subterminalibus foliis brevioribus gracilibus nutantibus laxifloris, racemis 8-10 floris, bracteis minutis, floribus flavis, sepalis. purpureo-maculatis dorsali lineari-oblongo obtuso, lateralibus oblongo-lanceolatis falcatis obtuso, mento rotundato, petalis lineari-oblongis obtusis faleatis labello sepalis breviore, lobis lateralibus rotundatis erectis, terminali reniformi nudo disco inter lobos laterales 3-lamellato. D. gracilicaule, F. Muell. Fragm. Phyt. Austral. vol. i. p. 179; Benth. Fl. Austral, vol. vi. p. 281. D. brisbanense, Reichb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. 299. D. elongatum, Cunn. in Bot. Reg. xxv. (1839), Misc. 33; Lindl. 1. c. xxvii. (1841 p- 21 (non Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orchid.). D. gracilicaule so closely resembles D. Kingianum, also a Queensland plant, that by Herbarium specimens it is not easy to distinguish them ; when growing, however, they look widely different, as may be seen by comparing Plate 4527 of this work with that here given. In D. Kingianum the stems form elongated cones, the sheaths of which are deciduous and the internodes are much longer, the leaves are shorter, of a darker green, the flowers appear along with the leaves, though this is probably an inconstant character, the racemes are longer than the leaves, the flowers are larger, longer, and pedicelled, the sepals and petals purple, and the mentum longer and incurved. On the other hand, Mr. Watson, the Assistant-Curator of Kew, informs me that D. Kingianum is a very variable species, wherefore the above differential character must be received with caution. Though placed by Lindley and Bentham in the Flora Australiensis in the section Dendrocoryne, Dz elongatwm cannot be regarded as related to the Indian Frpruary Ist, 1889. d plants upon which that section was founded. In the Genera Plantarum it is rightly referred to Stachyobium. D. gracilicaule is a native of Moreton Bay in Queensland, of the Macleay and Clarence rivers in New South Wales, and of Lord Howe’s Island. It is an inconspicuous species, and probably often overlooked. The specimen here figured was received in 1883 from Mr. J. F. Roberts, nurseryman of Kew, near Melbourne, Australia, and the drawing was made in March of last year. Desor. Stems tufted, four to eight inches high, as thick as a goosequill, cylindric, with a slightly thickened base, clothed with membranous sheaths. Leaves three to five at the top of the stem, sessile, four to five inches long, oblong-lanceolate, tip bifid, yellow green, flaccid. Scape slender, from close to the summit of the stem, flower- ing after the fall of the leaf in the cultivated plant, but not constantly in the wild state. Raceme six- to ten- flowered, nodding; bracts minute; flowers very shortly pedicelled, pedicel with the ovary half an inch long. Flowers pale yellow. Sepals spotted purple, dorsal oblong, obtuse, lateral falcately oblong-lanceolate, obtuse. Mentwm _ rounded. Petals linear-oblong, obtuse, unspotted. Lip shorter than the sepals, greenish-yellow; lateral lobes rounded, erect, midlobe reniform, smooth; disk between the lateral lobes with three longitudinal plates. —J. D. H. Fig. 1, Column and lip ; 2, column; 3, anther; 4, pollinia :—ad/ enlarged. 043 — 4 RE FR nema SEA AR ished arenes mens on. Imp \ Q Na Day & London. Oo T LReeve & Tas. 7043. LILIUM Nnepatenss. Native of the Central Himalayas. ' Nat. Ord. Lintacra.—Tribe TuLirem. Genus Litium, Linn.; (Benth. et Hook.f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p. 816.) Litrum (Archelirion) nepalense; bulbo rhizoma proferente, caule stricto erecto 2-3-pedali, foliis oblongo-lanceolatis acutis alternis_ sessilibus viridibus lucidis 5-nervatis, floribus 1-5 racemosis vel corymbosis, bracteis foliaceis interdum verticillatis, pedicellis cernuis, perianthio magno in- fundibulari extus luteo-viridulo intus luteo deorsam nigro-purpureo suffuso, segmentis oblanceolato-oblongis acutis sub anthesin supra medium falcatis, staminibus limbo distincte brevioribus, stylo antheras eminente. L. nepalense, D. Don in Trans, Wern. Soc. vol. iii. p. 412; Prodr. Fl. Nep. p- 52; Wallich Plant. Asiat. Rar. vol. iii. p. 67, t. 291; Cat. No. 5078; Kunth Enum. vol. iv. p. 267; Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. vol. xiv. p. 231; Elwes Monogr, tab. 5 B. L. ochroleucum, Wallich in Herb. Lindley. Since Lilies have been so much in favour, this has been the only Indian species which we did not possess in cultivation. It is so very distinct both botanically and horticulturally, that when it was imported by Messrs. Hugh Low and Co., and exhibited in flower last autumn at the Royal Horticultural Society, it created quite a sensation, and received a first-class certificate. Woodcuts of it have been given in the “ Journal of Horticulture” and the ‘‘ Gardener’s Chronicle,’ and a coloured plate in the ‘‘ Garden.” It was discovered by Wallich’s collectors more than fifty years ago in the high mountains of Nepaul. The plant imported by Messrs. Low well represents Waliich’s type. In my monograph in the Journal of the Linnean Society, I referred to the same species dried specimens gathered by Dr. Thomson in Garwhal, by Strachey and Winterbottom at Naini Tal, and by Jacque- mont at Simla. These require further investigation in a living state. We are indebted to Messrs. Low both for a Marcu Ist, 1889, living plant, and for the flowering specimens from which our drawing was made. ; Descr. Bulb, in the only specimen I have seen, sending out a slender rhizome. Stem slender, erect, terete, two or three feet long, with leaves scattered up to the in- florescence, but only distant and rudimentary in the lower third. Leaves oblong-lanceolate, acute, sessile, alternate, reaching a length of four or six inches, tapering gradually from the middle to both ends, firm in texture for the genus, bright green and glossy above, with two vertical nerves on each side of the midrib. Flowers one to five, racemose or corymbose, with the foliaceous bracts some- times congested into a whorl; pedicels ascending, cernu- ous. Perianth four or five inches long, greenish-yellow outside, yellow within, flushed, except in the upper third, with purplish-black; segments oblanceolate-oblong, acute, narrowed gradually from above the middle to the base and point, reflexing when the flower is fully expanded only in the upper half or third. Stamens above an inch shorter than the perianth-segments; filaments filiform, purplish- black; anthers nearly an inch long. Ovary cylindrical ; style overtopping the stamens; stigma capitate—J. G. Baker. Fig. 1, Back view of anther; 2, front view of anther; 3, pistil com- plete :—all enlarged. 7044. Vincent Brooks Day &Son Imp 2 5 ; wo oo Tas. 7044. SARCOCHILUS LUNIFERUS. Native of Burma. Nat. Ord. OncuipEm.—tTribe Vanpra. Genus Sarcocumiws, Br.; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p. 575.) Sarcocuivs Juniferus ; acaulis, radicibus numerosissimis elongatis compressis, foliis rarissime evolutis, pedunculo rachi racemi et ovario hirtellis squamis paucis ovatis acutis instructo, racemo elongato decurvo multifloro, bracteis ovatis membranaceis, ovario brevi, sepalis petalisque consimilibus ellip- ticis obtusis flavis aurantiaco-maculatis, labello albo carnoso in caleem dorso obtusum producto, lobis lateralibus magnis erectis ovato-oblongis obtusis ; lobo medio minuto revoluto ovato, disco papilloso inter lobos laterales crasse bicarinato, anthera hemispherica 3-calcarata, calcaribus 2 lateralibus setaceis antico breviore robustiore, polliniis 2 globosis stipite elongato lineari affixis. : S. luniferus, Benth. mss. Thrixspermum luniferum, Reichb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1868, p. 786. Sarcochilus, as reconstituted in the ** Genera Plantarum,” consists of a very difficult group of thirty or forty Indian, Malayan, Australian, and Pacific Island Orchids, differing greatly in habit, and out of which some eight or ten genera had been differentiated before a better knowledge of their characters, and the discovery of other species modifying the value of these characters, suggested the propriety of uniting all under one genus. for this genus Reichenbach proposed to adopt the name of Thrixspermum, Loureiro (1790), as being anterior to Sarcochilus, Blume (1810), a course which Bentham did not adopt in the “ Genera Plantarum,” on the very sufficient grounds that the name is utterly bad in construction, and because the description of the latter is so incomplete that it would have been impossible to have recognized the plant intended by it, but for a scrap preserved in Loureiro’s Herbarium preserved in the British Museum. On the other hand, Sarcochilus has been recognized by all authors for three- quarters of a century. Many species have been described under that generic name; and there is a well-known genus of Tiliacee, Trichospermum, Blume. Marcu 1st, 1889. Professor Reichenbach, who first described S. luniferus remarks that the curious spurs or tails in the anther are not peculiar to it, but are found in a Viti species. The very appropriate specific name which he gave to the Burmese plant refers to the form of the lip as seen on a front view. In its ordinary state leaves are not developed, but Mr. Watson informs me that one specimen at Kew bore several small leaves, and Mr. Parish notes that in its native state leaves occasionally appear. _S. luniferus was discovered by the Rey. Mr. Parish near Moulmein in Tenasserim, and was introduced by Messrs. Veitch in 1868. The plant here figured was sent by Dr. King from the Royal Botanical Gardens, Calcutta, in 1887, and flowered in the following year. Desor. Leaves in the ordinary state of the plant none. ftoots very many, three to five inches long, flattened, one- sixth of an inch broad. Peduncle one to two inches long, stout, decurved, hispidulous, as are the rachis of the raceme and ovary, green, purple-spotted, with two to three white ovate acute scales. Raceme three to five inches long, drooping, many-flowered; bracts minute, ovate, membranous ; ovary very short ; flowers half an inch in diameter. Sepals elliptic-oblong, obtuse, and similar petals yellow spotted with orange. Lip white, saccate, with large erect ovate obtuse side-lobes, a minute recurved mid-lobe, and two thick ridges on the papillose disk. Anther hemispheric, with a straight lateral marginal horizontal setiform spur on each side, and a much shorter one in front. Pollinia two, globose, on a long linear stipes.—J. D. H. Fig. 1, Column and lip; 2, front view of lip and column; 3, lip viewed from the position of the column; 4 and 5, anther; 6 and 7, pollinia :—all enlarged. ge A Gg , Ee SGA aR icles oncene eek c —— S Irth {.S.delE Bat: Tas. 7045. STUARTIA PsEUDO-CAMELLIA. Native of Japan. Nat. Ord. TERNSTREMIACER.—Tribe GoRDONIER. Genus Sruartia, Linn.; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. i. p. 185.) Sruartia Pseudo-camellia ; ramulis foliisque glabris, foliis breviter petiolatis elliptico-lanceolatis acutis v. acuminatis subserratis, floribus amplis sub- globosis, sepalis obovato-rotundatis serrulatis ciliatis extus dense sericeo- lanuginosis, petalis late cuneato-obovatis concavis crenato-dentatis dorso marginibus exceptis sericeo-lanuginosis, ovario sericeo-tormentoso, stylis elongatis glabris alte connatis, capsula late ovoideo-ellipsoidea, valvis acuminatis. S. Pseudo-camellia, Maximov. in Bull. Acad. Petersh. 1867, 429; Mel. Biolog. vol, vi. p. 201 (1867); Franchet & Savat. Pnum. Plant. Jap. vol. i. p. 60; Gard. Chron. 1888, vol. i. 187, £.22; Ito Pl. Bot. Gard. Koishik. vol. ii. t. 23. 8. grandiflora, Siebold, ex Briot in Rev. Horticole, 1879, p. 430, cum Ie. A congener of the North Carolinan Stwartia pentagyna, L’Herit (Tab. nost. 3918), an old favourite in shrubberies and gardens, but which, like so many other beautiful deciduous- leaved North American trees and shrubs, has been so entirely neglected of late years, that its name is not to be found in Decaisne and Naudin’s “ Handbook of Hardy Trees, Shrubs, and Herbaceous Plants.’”’ A reference to the plate of the American plant cited above shows that the name of grandiflora adopted by the “ Revue Horticole”’ was not well chosen for the Japanese species, for the flowers of its American congener are almost twice as large. The genus Stuartia possesses an interest in being one of | _ those that prove incontestably the close relationship between the Floras of Japan and of the Eastern United States, there being two species in each of those countries. For the synonym 8. grandiflora (published twelve years after that of Maximovicz) I can find no authority but the “ Revue Horticole,” which attributes it to Siebold, but gives neither date nor place of publication ; it is hence probably Mazcu Ist, 1889. a previously unpublished name. According to the same authority, the plant had been for some years previously (to 1879) in cultivation on the Continent, it having seeded in _ 1878 with Messrs. Thibaut and Keteleer, at Sceaux. The specimen from which the plate here given was taken was exhibited at a meeting of the Royal Horticultural Society by Messrs. Veitch, to whom I am indebted for the opportunity of figuring it. The plant flowers in July, is quite hardy, and a valuable acquisition to the Fruticetum Britannicum. Dezscr. A dense shrub; branchlets and leaves glabrous. Leavestwotothree inches long, elliptic-lanceolate, acuminate, finely serrate, many-nerved, yellowish-green above, paler beneath ; petiole a quarter to one-third of an inch long. Flowers axillary, solitary, globose, about two inches in diameter, white, pedicel half an inch long; bracts close under the calyx, ovate, acute, shorter than the sepals. Sepals orbicular, obovate, obtuse, serrulate, coriaceous, closely imbricate, densely silky. Petals orbicular, very concave, margin irregularly crenate, back densely silky within the margin. Stamens very many, incurved ; anthers small, orbicular, orange-coloured. Ovary oblong, densely silkily villous, narrowed into a long, erect, columnar glabrous style, formed of the connate styles of the five- celled ovary; stigmas short, recurved. Capsule one inch long, turgidly ovoid; valves beaked, margins recurved after dehiscence.—J. D. H. : Figs. 1 and 2, Front and back views of anthers; 3, ovary; 4 transverse section of do.; 5, ovule :—all enlarged. M_5.del E Bates ith. oO ue & Le] val of = AL & 5 we faa) ~ VINCES 1! L Reeve & C2 London, Tas. 7046. OPUNTIA potyacantna. Native of the United States. Nat. Ord. CactEm. Genus Opuntia, Mill. ; (Benth. et Hook.f. Gen. Pl. vol. i. p- 851.) Oruntta (Elliptic) polyacantha ; prostrata, radice fibrosa, articnlis adscen- dentibus ellipticis ovatis obovatisve compressis, foliis minutis subulatis, pulvillis snbeonfertis pallide tomentosis setosis et armatis, aculeis radi- antibus albidis 1-5 interioribus longioribus patulis albidis v. rufescenti- bus, floribus sulphureis raro purpurascentibus, ovario obovoideo pulvillis aculeatis instructo, sepalis tubi ad 13 interioribus obovatis, petalis 12-20 obovato-orbiculatis retusis apiculatis, stigmatibus 5-8 viridibus in capi- tulum profunde sulcatum dispositis, bacca ovoidea v. subglobosa pulvillis albo-tomentosis setosisque instructa, seminibus magnis late et subacute marginatis. O. polyacantha, Haworth Suppl. Plant. Succulent. p. 82 (1819). ’ O. missouriensis, DC. Prodr. vol. iii. p. 472; Engelmannin Proc. Amer, Acad. vol. iii. p, 299; in Bot. Whipple Exped vol. iv. p. 44, t. xiv.; in Bot. King’s Exped. vol. iii. p. 118; in Bot. Simpson’s Exped. p. 442; in Bot. Wheeler’s Exped. p. 129. _ Cactus ferox, Mutt. Gen. N. Amer. Pl. 296, non Willd. This is the third hardy Opuntia figured in the Borantcan Macazing, the others being O. vulgaris (Tab. 2393) and O. fafinesquii (Tab. 7041). It was discovered by Nuttall on the Upper Missouri in 1811, and called by him Cactus ferox, a specific name that might well have been retained, for Engelmann states that the original form greatly deserves. it, were it not that there is an earlier (. ferox, of Willdenow, a native of tropical America, which also being an Opuntia claims the name. The present plant was first published by Haworth in 1811 under the very appropriate name of O. polyacantha, which was changed to O. missouriensis by De Candolle for no assigned reason. In this De Candolle has been followed by Engelmann in his various works on the American Cacti, who strangely altogether omits any reference to Haworth’s name or work. According to the last-named author, it was cultivated at Chelsea, in 1814. Opuntia polyacantha is a very wide-spread and variable Maxcu Isr, 1889. species. Hngelmann describes it most fully in his account of the Cacti of Whipple’s Expedition along the 35th parallel, where however, through some oversight, he places it in the section with tuberous roots, whilst describing these as fibrous. He there states that it extends from the Upper Missouri tothe 49thdegreeof N. Lat.,and westwards fromthe Missouri to 112° E. In later publications he gives the Salt Lake Valley, where it ascends to 6500 ft., and New Mexico. In Kew Herbarium there are species from the plains of the Sacketchawan in Lat. 52° N., collected by Bourgeau, and from British Colombia, between the Walla Walla and Colvile, collected by Lyall. Engelmann distinguishes six varieties, by the form of the joints, number length and colour of the spines, size of the berry, and size and margins of the seeds, but I fail to refer the Kew plant definitely to any one of these more than another. The Kew specimens flowered in the Royal Gardens in a cold frame during the summer months. It had stood unprotected for a good many years without flowering.—J. D. H. Fig. 1, Cluster of spines; 2, back, and 3, front view of stamens; 4, stigmas : —all enlarged, IUFY, Day & Son imp ok (e] Vincent Br del E Bates hth ra ] M. L Reeve & C° London Tas. 7047. CHIRONIA pepuncunaris. Native of South Africa. Nat. Ord. Gent1anea.—Tribe CurRonieZ. Genus Cytron, Linn.; (Benth et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. ii. p. 805.) Curroyia peduncularis ; perennis, suffruticosa, decumbens, ramis teretibus, foliis sessilibus e basi cordata v. rotundata ovato-lanceolatis acutis v. acuminatis trinerviis, floribus longe pedicellatis amplis, calycis lobis lineari-lanceolatis acuminatis, corolle tubo terete, limbi rubro-purpurei lobis ovatis acuminatis tubum eequantibus, antheris linearibus erectis filamento longioribus, capsula oblongo-lanceolata exsucca. ; C. peduncularis, Lindl. in Bot. Reg. t. 1803; Griseb. in DC. Prodr. vol. ix. p. 39. C. latifolia, E. Meyer Comm. Pl. Afr. Austr. fase. ii. p. 178. C. trinervia, Aan. de Flore de Pomone, t. 158. C. trinervis, Part. Mag. vol. iii. t. 149. C. Barclayana, Hort. A native of South Africa, where it has a very wide range indeed on the eastern side of the continent, from Algoa Bay in 34° §., north-eastward to Zululand in Lat. 28° 8., inhabiting moist ground, where it forms a weak trailing or spreading bush. Of its original intro- duction into this country, nothing is known. Lindley, who first described it in 1835, speaks of it as a plant cultivated in gardens under the name of C. trinervis (not of Linneus), and of which the native country was unknown. From that time it seems to have gone out of cultivation, which is the more remarkable, for Lindley states that “ nothing can be easier than its management, as it grows in any kind of soil, will thrive out of doors in summer, and will survive the winter without injury in a very indifferent greenhouse ; further, that it is propagated easily by cuttings, and is covered with a succession of purple flowers from July to October.” No doubt its straggling habit is not in its favour; but this would yield to skilful treatment. Like so many of the species of the Gentianee, and all the Chironias, C. peduncularis contains a very strong Marcu 1st, 1889. : bitter, which, as Lindley remarks, is most remarkable, even . among its bitter neighbours. I find that this property is not retained in the Herbarium specimens. Another curious remark concerning it is contained in a note by Burchell, the South African traveller, namely, that “the flowers expand in the Herbarium.” I suppose he means that they retain life after the death of the foliage. . This is the fourth species of Cape Chironia figured in this work, and is the handsomest of them all; the others are C. baccifera, Linn. (tab. 233), C. linoides, Linn. (tab. 511), and C. frutescens, Linn. (tab. 37), to which C. de- cussata, Vent. (tab. 707), and C. angustifolia, Sims (tab. 818), have been reduced as varieties, and together placed in another genus (Orphium, E. Mey.). The fact of all these appearing in the very early numbers of this Magazine, and none since, is evidence of the favour in which Cape plants were held in the beginning of the century, and their subsequent abandonment, together with the flue-heated houses in which they throve. The reintroduction of C. peduncularis is due to Mr. Watson, sub-curator of Kew, who collected seeds of it during a visit to Algoa Bay in 1887, from plants growing amongst grass in very wet sandy soil close to the sea-shore. It also grows far inland.— J. D. H, Fig. 1, Corolla laid open; 2, front, and 3, back view of stamens; 4, calyx and ovary :—all enlarged, : OFS. at § ‘ MS.del JN Pitch ith. 2 Tas. 7048. EREMOSTACHYS LACINIATA. Native of Western Asia. Nat. Ord. Lanrarz.—Tribe StacnyDEz. Genus Eremostacuys, Bunge ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. ii. p. 1215.) ErEmostacuys (Phlomoides) daciniata ; caule robusto elato in spicam elongatam densissime albo-lanatam desinente, foliis radicalibus amplissimis petiolatis bipinnatisectis glabriusculis, segmentis oblongo- v. lineari-lanceolatis ineiso- serratis, caulinis sessilibus diminutis, floralibus ovato-oblongis flores sub- zequantibus, verticillastris numerosis multifloris subremotis, bracteis lineari- lanceolatis, floribus sessilibus magnis, ealyce tubuloso-campanulato dense floccoso, ore truncato, dentibus rectis brevissimis spinescentibus, corolla ochroleuca v. luride purpurea, galea villosa. Nhe E. laciniata, Bunge.in Ledeb. Fl. Alt. vol. ii. p. 416 (in Adnot.); Benth. in DC. Prodr. ¥ol. xii. p. 547 ; Boiss. Fl. Orient. vol. iv. p. 793; C. A. Meyer Ind. Pl. Caucas. p. 96; Lindl.in Bot. Reg. 1845, p.52; Regel Gartenfl. vol. viii. p. 33, t. 249; Lindl. § Paat. Fl. Gard. vol. ii. p. 83, fig. 176, P. macrocheila, Jaub. & Spach. Ill. Pl. Orient. vol. v. p. 13. E. iberica, Visiani in Ann. Sc. Nat. Ser. 3, vol. vii. p. 380. Phlomis laciniata, Tinn. Sp. Pl. p. 819; Ait. Hort. Kew. Ed. 2, vol. iii. p. 408; Sweet. Brit. Fl. Gard. vol. i. t. 84. Moluccella lanigera, Poir. Encycl. Suppl. vol. iii. p. 722. Though never hitherto figured in the Borantoan Macazing, this noble hardy perennial has been long cultivated in England, having been introduced by Philip Miller in 1731 from the Levant, and described in the first edition of Miller’s Gardener’s Dictionary as “The Eastern Jerusalem Sage with jagged leaves.” It is the easternmost repre- sentative of a genus that extends into Siberia, Affghanistan, and Central Asia, but it has itself a narrow distributional area, being confined to the southern Caucasian region on the north, reappearing in the Levant, where it occurs throughout the length of Syria and Palestine, and extends a little way westward into the ancient Cilicia (the modern Adania). Our plant flowered in the Royal Gardens in June of last year, and presented a very striking appearance. Descr. A stately herbaceous perennial. Stem one to Apzit lst, 1889. three feet high including the spike, robust, leafy, clothed with flocculent white wool, as thick as the thumb at the base. adical leaves two feet long and a foot broad, ovate in outline, glabrous, bipinnatipartite; segments oblong- or linear-lanceolate, inciso-serrate, green above, much paler beneath; cauline leaves smaller, sessile and less com- pound ; floral ovate, inciso-pinnatifid, as long as the flowers. Whorls many, rather distant, many-flowered; bracts lanceolate. Calyx three-fourths of an inch long, tubular- campanulate, terete, densely flocculent; mouth truncate with five minute bristles or teeth. Cvrolla nearly two inches long, pale dull-red purple, with a bright-red mid- lobe of the lower lip, villous, especially the galeate upper lip; tube glabrous ; side-lobes of lower lip broad, disk between them dull yellow. Stamens glabrous. Ovary hispid.— J. D. H, Fig. 1, Section of calyx, showing the ovary; 2, corolla with the lower lip removed ; 3, stamens in position; 4 and 5, stamens :—al/ but fig. 2 enlarged. ae, MS.4<. IN Fitch ith, Vincent Brooks Day & Son imp L. Reeve & (1° London. . Tee Tas, 7049. DELPHIN IUM Zari. Native of Khorasan. . Nat. Ord. Ranunovtacem.—Tribe HELLEBOREZ. Genus DELPHINIUM, Linn. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. i. p. 9.) Detratnivum (Delphinastrum) Zalil ; perenne, erectum, puberulum, eaule subsim- plici, foliis tri- triter-natipartitis lacinia media interdum pinnatipartita supe- rioribus simplicioribus supremis bracteisve simplicibus, segmentis linearibus acuminatis rigidis, marginibus recurvis, petiolo- basi non dilatato, racemis laxifloris, floribus primulinis, pedicellis pubescentibus, sepalis late ovatis obtusis, calcare recto sepalis xquilongo, apice attenuato, petalis angustis 2-fidis intus barbatulis, filamentis puberulis basi dilatatis, carpellis 3 glabris, stylo recto, folliculis 3 oblongis 5-costatis reticulatisque glabris, seminibus subquadratis transverse fimbriato-lamellatis. D. Zalil, Aitchison § Hemsley in Trans. Linn. Soc. Ser. 2, vol. iii. p. 30, t. 3 3° Vien Iilust. Gartenzert, vol, xiii. (1888) p. 12, cwm Ic. xylog. * >? F As a plant of economic value, this is one of the most interesting discoveries of the Affghan Delimitation Com- mission, and our knowledge of it is due to the fact that the Indian Government directed a competent botanist, Dr. Aitchison, F.R.S., to accompany that. important geographical operation. In the work cited above, Dr. Aitchison (p. 31) thus describes the Persian Zalil: ‘* This plant forms a great portion of the herbage of the rolling downs of the Badghis; in the vicinity of Gulran it was in great abundance, and when in blossom gave a wondrous golden hue.tothe pastures. In many localities in Khorasan above 3000 feet*it is equally common. The flowers are collected largely for exportation, chiefly to Persia, for dyeing silk; they are also exported from Herat, through Affghanistan bagel ge India, to be employed as a dye, as well as to ‘be used in medicine.’ In another place (p. 20) Dr. Aitchison, speaking of the vegetation of Badghis, says, “For a short period the hillocks are tinted an exquisite blue by the flowers of Gentiana Olivieri, which is, ‘as Boissier noted, a hot country Gentian. This is followed by Delphiniwm Zalil, a perennial, which throws Aprit lst, 1889. up a spike of bright yellow blossom, two feet in height. Its showy blossoms suddenly cover the downs, which they illuminate with their brilliant colouring, affording a sight never to be forgotten.” The fact of D. Zalil affording a dye-stuff is one of many evidences of our ignorance of the materials used in the industrial arts ef the East. It is reasonable to suppose that the flowers have been an article of commerce for ages, and yet I am unable to find any allusion to the subject in books devoted to the Economic Botany of India or to its manufactures. It is to be hoped that this may meet the eye of some intelligent official in the British Indian service, who might ascertain to what purpose the imported Zalil is put. é D. Zalil does not accord well with any section of Delphinastrum, as these are defined by Boissier. Regel, who was consulted as to its affinity, and whose great knowledge of Oriental plants is unquestioned, pro- nounced it to be possibly D. ochroleucum, a Soongarian species, reduced by Boissier (vol. i. p. 89) to a form of the polymorphous D. hybridum, which has white, blue, and scarlet flowers; but that species belongs to the division with a dilated base of the petiole, with the lower petals equalling or exceeding the sepals, and with other discordant characters; yet I know no nearer affinity. The spetimen figured was raised from seed sent to Kew by Dr. Aitchison in September, 1886, and which flowered in July of last year.—J. D. H. | Fig. 1 and 2, Petals; 3, carpels :—all enlarged. 705 Tas. 7050, IRIS Barnum. Native of Armenia. Nat. Ord. IntpEx.—Tribe MorzxeEZ. Genus Iris, Linn. ; (Benth. et Hook.f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p. 686.) Tris Barnume; rhizomate brevi, foliis linearibus complicatis glaucescentibus semipedalibus, caule brevi monocephalo, spathe valvis lanceolatis post anthesin herbaceis, perianthii tubo ovario «quilongo, limbo saturate purpureo seg- mentis exterioribus atro-purpureis obovato-cuneatis reflexis barba diffusa pilis luteis purpureo-capitatis preditis, segmentis interioribus orbiculari-unguiculatis erectis ae arden exterioribus majoribus, antheris filamento longioribus, styli ramis latis dorso convexis cristis deltoideis, capsulis ellipsoideo-trigonis, seminibus magnis conspicue strophiolatis. I. Barnume, Foster & Baker in Gard. Chron. 1888, vol. ii. p. 182. During the last ten years our knowledge of Irises has been greatly enlarged, and instead of about a hundred species for the whole of the north temperate zone, we now know a hundred and forty or a hundred and fifty, most of which are in cultivation. A large proportion of the new discoveries have been made in different parts of Asia. The present plant is a very handsome and distinct novelty. It was sent to Professor Foster by Mrs. Barnum, of the American Mission at Kharput, from the hills two hours distant from Van in Armenia. It has a distinctly concentrated beard, as in the common German Irises, and the colour of the flower is dark purple, without veins of a distinctly different shade; but in other respects, in its mode of growth, habit, and leaves, it agrees with the section Oneocyclus, all the species of which inhabit the Oriental region. Our drawing was made from speci- mens sent by Professor Foster at the beginning of last June. Descr. Rhizome likethat of an Oncocyclus, shortly creeping with the new buds soon detaching themselves from the old stock. Produced leaves five or six to a tuft, linear, complicate, pale glaucous green, strongly ribbed, half a Aprit Ist, 1889. foot long at the flowering time. Stem one to six inches long, one-headed, bearing a single reduced leaf. Spathes one-flowered ; valves lanceolate, two or two and a half inches long, herbaceous till after the flower fades. Ovary cylindrical-trigonous, under an inch long, shortly pedi- cellate. Perianth-tube as long as the ovary ; limb dark purple; outer segments obovate-cuneate, purplish-black, about two inches long by an inch broad, reflexing from half-way down, furnished down the claw with a beard of yellow hairs tipped with purple; inner segments orbicular- unguiculate, erect, connivent, larger and brighter-coloured than the outer. Style-branches above an inch long, very convex on the back; crests deltoid. Capsule ellipsoid- trigonous. Seeds large, with a conspicuous pale strophiole. J. G. Baker. Fig. 1, Front view of anther; 2, back view of anther; 3, top of style-branch, with crests :—all more or less enlarged. Wate a eh : ial . ll Sa ‘ " Ngee PR ‘ERS Vincent Brooks Day & Son imp MS.del, EF. Bates lith LReeve &C®% London. Tan; Obl. CALAN DRINIA opposirirotta. Native of Oregon and California. Nat. Ord. PortuLaceZ. Genus Caranprinia, H. B.& K.; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. i. p. 158.) CaLANDRINIA oppositifolia ; perennis, radice fusiformi carnoso, foliis radicalibus confertis oblanceolatis obtusis, caulinis inferioribus oppositis v. suboppositis, caulibus scapisve elongatis prostratis longe nudis, apicibus ascendentibus paucifloris, floribus amplis longe pedicellatis, bracteis parvis, sepalis orbi- cularibus dentatis eglandulosis, petalis 10 lineari-oblongis, stigmatibus 5, seminibus estrophiolatis. C. oppositifolia, S. Wats. in Proc. Amer. Acad. vol. xx. p. 355; A. Gray l. ¢. vol. xxii. p. 276 (sub C. Cotyledon). Of the genus Calandrinia (of which upwards of sixty species are known) several have been figured in this work, chiefly South American, some of which, as C. grandiflora, Lindl., t. 83369, and C. speciosa, Lindl., t. 3379, are large- flowered and very handsome plants. These, however, are warm country annuals with five petals, whereas C. oppo- sitifolia belongs to a small section of the genus that in- habits mountain regions in North America, with perennial fleshy roots, and six to ten petals, and differs further in having smooth shining seeds. : C. oppositifolia is a native of the mountains of Oregon, and North California, and closely resembles C. Cotyledon, another species of those regions, differing chiefly in habit. The delicacy of its white blossom is its great recommenda- tion to the Horticulturist. The plants here figured were raised from seed sent from the Harvard Botanical Gardens, which flowered in the Royal Gardens in the summer of last year. Desor. Root fusiform, fleshy, crown throwing out a tuft of leaves and prostrate terete fleshy flowering stems, which are six to ten inches long, few-flowered, about as thick as a crow-quill, greenish-white, and succulent. Leaves two to four inches long, the few on the flowering stems opposite Aprit lst, 1889. or subopposite, oblanceolate, obtuse, narrowed into short thick petiole, green and glistening above from the cellular surface, paler beneath. Flowers three to four on each flowering stem, very irregularly placed towards its ascend- ing apex, two inches in diameter, pearly-white ; pedicels very variable in length, one to three inches. Calyz of two rounded sepals, connate to the middle, the free part denticulate. Petals ten, linear-oblong or obovate, obtuse, somewhat recurved. Stamens not very numerous; fila- ments slender, connate in a ring at the base of the corolla; anthers small, linear-oblong. Ovary obovoid ; style short, with five stigmatic erect branches. Seeds on a free basilar placenta, smooth, estrophiolate—J. D. H. Fig. 1, Calyx with ovary; 2, stamens; 3, dorsal view of an anther; 4, ovary; 5, young seeds on placenta; 6, young seed :—all enlarged. —— 4 é & & NY S fey ‘ > aS & AS = J = Tab. 7052. PASSIFLORA Haunn. Native of Mexico. Nat. Ord. PasstrLorEx.—Tribe PassIFLOREZ. Gents Passirtora, Linn. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. i. p. 810.) PassrFiora (Granadilla) Hahnii ; glaberrima, ramulis gracillimis, foliis petiolatis peltatis late ovatis acutis 2-nerviis utrinque ad apices nervorum minute dentatis supra viridibus subtus pallidefusco-purpureis et reticulatim nervosis, margine ad basin glandulis rubris ornato, stipulis reniformibus denticulatis, floribus axil- laribus solitariis pendulis longe gracile pedicellatis, bracteis 2 late ovato- cordatis apiculatis, sepalis petalisque subzquilongis ovato-oblongis apicibus rotundatis, corona exteriore e filamentis flexuosis apice clavellatis aurantiacis, interiore e membrana sulcata margine inflexo, ovario gynophoro brevi sessile. P. Hahnii, Masters in Mart. Fl. Bras, Passifl. p. 5385; in Trans. Linn. Soc. vol. xxxvii. p. 628; in Journ. Hort. Soc. No. iv. p. 144; in Gard. Chron. 1871, p. 78, and 1878, pt. ii. p. 304, fig. 55; Icon iterat in 1879, pt. ii. p- 505, f. 81; TZ. Moore in Florist. & Pomolog. 1883, p. 161, t. 597. Disemma Hahnii, Fournier in Rev. Hortic. 1869, p. 430, cum Ie. A very elegant Passion-flower, of which the exact native locality is unknown, though there is no reason to doubt the authority of the French Gardens, from which it was introduced into England, and which give it the wide country of Mexico. It was first described as a species of Disemma in 1869 by Fournier, from specimens that flowered in the Jardin de Plantes, and of which seeds were sent from Mexico by its collector, M. Hahn. Disemma, which had latterly been regarded as a section of Passiflora, has been abolished by Dr. Masters in his exhaustive work on the Passifloree (Contribution to the Natural History of the Passifloracee, Trans. Linn. Soc. xxvii. 598); and P. Hahnii is there relegated to a section of his sub-genus Granadilla, differing from the true Granadillas in the folded fringed edges of the membranous corona. The specimen figured flowered in the Royal Gardens in the summer of last year. Descr. A lofty climber, quite glabrous. Branches very slender, pendulous, terete. Leaves about three inches long bytwo and a half broad, petioled, peltate, membranous, Apri Ist, 1889. broadly ovate, acute, three-nerved, quite entire except a minute marginal tooth at the termination of each nerve; base rounded or retuse, with a series of minute marginal red glands; dull green above, beneath dull red-purple and reticulately veined, nerves very slender; petiole one to one and a half inches, slender, eglandular. Stipules three- quarters of an inch to one inch broad, sessile, reniform, denticulate, pale purplish and reticulate; bracts two, appressed to the flower, sessile, broadly ovate, apiculate, -subcordate, half the length of the sepals, pale purplish and reticulate. Tendrils axillary, very slender. lowers solitary, axillary, pendulous, long-pedicelled, three inches in diameter. Sepals ovate-oblong, tip rounded, concave, very pale green, with three green nerves on the back. Petals like the sepals, but whiter. Outer corona of several series of orange-yellow flexuous filaments three-quarters of an inch long, with clavate tips; inner corona a low suleate crenate inflexed membrane with thickened margins. Gynophore short; ovary subglobose, sessile on a short gynophore, and styles green, glabrous.—J. D. H. Fig. 1, Vertical section of ccrona; 2, filaments of corona; 3, part of the mem- brane of the inner corona seen from within :—all enlarged. } j 7 de ded My fi} / LET EY / l s SLLL ae Lid iL i Ad oninp Tas. 7058. LICUALA Verront. Native of Borneo. Nat. Ord. Patmem.—Tribe Coryruex. Genus Licuata, Thunb. ; (Benth. et Hook. J: Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p. 928.) Licvata Veitchii; foliis amplis breviter petiolatis orbiculari-flabellatis con- vexis plicis innumeris leviter arcuatis lete viridibus ima basi rotundata, marginibus breviter fissis, segmentis 1-2 uncialibus oblongis obtuse 2- fidis, petiolo lamina multoties breviore depresso trigono supra concavo subtus carinato, ligula brevissima, marginibus crebre breviter spinosis, vagina brevi, spadice gracili elongato, spathis tubulosis viridibus breviter fissis, ramulis floriferis distantibus 2-3-pollicaribus laxifloris, floribus parvis sessilibus, calycis viridis lobis triangularibus, petalis triangulari- ovatis coriaceis apicibus inflexis, filamentis latis in nd cylindraceum truncatum connatis apicibus liberis subulatis, antheris parvis ovatis, ovario turbinato, stylo brevi subulato. LL. Veitchii, Watson in Gard. Chron. 1886, pt. i. p. 189 (nomen tantum), Pritchardia grandis, Veitch Cat. 1885, p. 54. A singularly beautiful Palm, from the close and regular folds of its large almost orbicular bright green convex leaves, which having short petioles form a compact crown on the top of the caudex. It was, according to Mr. Watson ‘ (l.c.), introduced by Messrs. Veitch, who distributed he under the impression that it was a species of Pritchardia. According to a note accompanying a dried leaf from Messrs. Veitch (sent to Kew, 1883), and preserved in the Herbarium of Kew, it is a native of Sarawak in Borneo, whence it was introduced by Mr. Curtis, then collecting for Messrs. Veitch, and now superintendent of the Bo- tanical Garden in Penang. a | The plant here figured was presented to the Royal Gardens by Messrs. Veitch in 1885, and flowered in De- cember, 1887. Being probably far from fully developed, the dimensions of the caudex, leaf, and petiole will pro- bably exceed in a fully grown plant those given in the following description. Duscr. Stem in the Kew specimen (about seven years old) very short. Leaves nearly two feet in diameter, May 1st, 1889. suborbicular but somewhat cuneate in the lower third, rounded at the insertion of the petiole, convex, bright green and glossy, regularly plicate in slightly curved lines, with about thirty acute folds on each side of the mesial line, and with as many oblong obtusely bifid free tips one- half to two-thirds of an inch long extending along the upper two-thirds of the leaf; petiole flattened, six to ten inches long and half an inch broad, concave above, obtusely trigonous beneath, sides armed with short stout curved prickles; ligule very short, broadly triangular; sheath short, not fibrous. Spadix fourteen inches long, slender, terete, green, bearing six or eight rather distant flowering branches, three to four inches long; basal spathe short; sheaths below the flowering branches two to three inches long, tubular, hardly swollen, coriaceous, green with short bifid scarious mouths. Flowers rather distant upon the branches of the spadix, about one-third of an inch long, sessile on the green terete rachis. Calyx cupular, three- . lobed; tube green, lobes brown. Petals twice as long as the calyx, coriaceous, triangular-ovate, with inflexed tips. Stamens six, filaments very broad below and connate in a truncate tube, tips free, very short and slender ; anthers ovoid. Ovary turbinate, top broadly truncate ; style subu- late, short, erect ; stigma simple.—J. D. H. Fig. 1, Flower; 2, the same with the calyx lobes and petals removed ; 3 and 4, anthers and free portion of filaments ; 5, vertical section of flower, showing insertion of petals, staminal tube, and the ovary :—al/ enlarged. 7054. Vincent Brooks Day & Son, Imp. MS. del FE Bates, lith. Reeve & ce London. I L Tas. 7054, SMILAX ornata. (S. officinalis, Hanbury § Flickiger.) Native of Mexico. ‘Nat. Ord. Littackx%.—Tribe Sminacea. Genus Smitax, Linn. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p. 763.) Smitax (Eusmilax) ornata ; frutex robustus, alte scandens, multicaulis, gla- berrimus, sparsim aculeatus, ramis ramulisque acute tetragonis, aculeis rectis v. recurvis, foliis amplis 6-10 poll. longis breviuscule petiolatis ovato-oblongis acuminatis 5-7-nerviis basi profunde et sepe inzqualiter (junioribus leviter) cordatis, petiolo et interdum costa subtus pauci- aculeato, vagina angusta bicirrhosa, umbellis in paniculas breves laxas dis- positis, floribus viridibus longiuseule pedicellatis, perianthii foliolis re- curvis obtusis, exterioribus ovato-oblongis, interioribus angustioribus lineari-oblongis, staminibus 6, filamentis dorso gibbosis antheras obtuse apiculatas subsquantibus. S. ornata? Lemaire Ill. Hortic. vol. xii. t. 489; A. DC. Monogr. Smilae. p. 211. S. macrophylla, var. maculata, Hort, Verschaffelt. (var. variegata, Hort. Williams). 8. officinalis, Hanh. § Flick. Pharmacogr. Ed. 2, p. 704 (in note) ; Bentley & Trimen Med. Plant. vol. iv. t. 289 (non Kunth in Humb. & Bonpl. Nov. Gen. & Sp. vol.i.p.271. . It is with regret that I have to introduce the subject of the present plate as having been by the distinguished authors of the “‘ Pharmacographia”’ incorrectly referred to the Smilax officinalis of Kunth; that is, to the plant which is believed to produce one of the Sarsaparillas of com- merce. That it was regarded as identical by such com- petent authorities as Hanbury and Fliickiger, and following them, by Bentley and Trimen, is not to be wondered at when the chaotic state of our knowledge of the Sarsaparilla- producing plants is considered ; for of these not one is even ‘approximately known to botanists. It may be well, there- fore, before going further, to state briefly what is known of this subject, as given in detail by Hanbury and Fliickiger in their “ Pharmacologia,” and by Bentley and Trimen in “* Medicinal Plants.” Humboldt was the first to obtain specimens of a genuine Sarsaparilla-yielding Smilax (which were, how- June lst, 1889. A ever, without flower or fruit). They were collected in 1805 at the village of Bajorque, on the Magdalena River, New Grenada, in about Lat. 70° N., and were described by Kunth as Smilaz officinalis. The illustrious traveller says of it, that the root was at that time exported from Mompax and Cartagena to Jamaica and Cadiz. In 1853 the late botanical collector De Warzewicz visited Bajorque (or rather its site, for the village had been washed away), and sent leaves and roots of Humboldt’s plant to Mr. Hanbury, with the information that it was no longer collected for exportation. Of these specimens Mr. Hanbury says that the root agrees with that of the Jamaica Sarsaparilla* of commerce. In 1853, and pre- viously in 1851, the same collector had sent roots, stem, leaves, and fruit of a Smilaz called Sarza pallida, or Sarson, from the Cordillera of Cheriqui in Costa Rica, which Mr. Hanbury found to agree, in so far as comparison was possible, with the Bajorque plant, and the root to be undistinguishable from the “‘ Jamaica Sarsaparilla” of the shops. In 1869 Mr. White, of Medillin, in New Grenada, sent to one of the authors of the Pharmacographia leaves and roots of a Sarsaparilla collected at Patia, which appa- rently belonged to the same species. More recently Mr. Hanbury obtained from the Government Gardens of Cas- tleton, in Jamaica, specimens, without flower or fruit, of the plant cultivated there, with a view to medicinal use, and of which he says that the leaves and square stem exactly agree with the Bajorque plant, but that the root is far more amylaceous than the so-called ‘‘ Jamaica Sarsa- parilla” of commerce. Lastly, a plant was received at Kew from Mr. B. 8. Williams, of Holloway, with the, garden name of Smilax macrophylla variegata, which Mr. Hanbury, judging from the stem and leaf, believed to be the 8. officinalis of Humboldt. He mentions it as such in the first edition of the Pharmacographia, in a note to p. 643 (Ed. 2, p. 707), where he says that the root agrees in appear- ance and structure with ‘* Jamaica Sarsaparilla.’’ This is the plant figured as S. officinalis by Bentley and Trimen from Kew specimens, and which, having now flowered for * * It must be borne in mind that the term “ Jamaica Sarsaparilla ” does not _ imply that the drug so called comes from Jamaica, where no officinal Sarsa- parilla is indigenous, and where its cultivation is limited, and of comparatively modern date. the first time in Europe, is here figured in the Boranican Macaznu. Lastly, there are at Kew five living plants of ~the “real Sarsaparilla of Caraccas,” sent in 1879 by Dr. Ernst of that city, which, however, have never flowered. Of all the plants here alluded to the flowers of one alone are known, and these are the males only of Mr. Williams’ S. macrophylla (S. officinalis of Hanbury). It is therefore — impossible to say positively whether more than two species are alluded to, and as a last resource, resort must be had to stem and leavesalone. For this purpose I have collected all the materials available to me, which consist of (1) Mr. Hanbury’s collections, kindly lent for the purpose by the Pharmaceutical Society through Mr. Holmes; (2) tracings of Humboldt’s specimens of Kunth’s SV. officinalis, which are preserved in the Herbarium of the Jardin de Plantes, Paris, made for me by favour of M. Bureau, and there is a similar tracing made by Mr. Hanbury in his col- lection ; (3) a tracing of Bonpland’s specimens, gathered at the same time and in the same spot as his companion’s (Humboldt’s); (4) a leaf of Warzewicz’s plant from Cheriqui; (5) the two species (Williams’ and Ernst’s) cultivated at Kew. Commencing with the tracings of Humboldt’s specimens, these represent a terete branch, a leaf exactly corresponding with that of Mr. Wilhams’ plant, but along with them is represented a detached elliptic-lanceolate leaf, acute at the base, whilst the tracing of Bonpland’s specimens represents only two slender branches with all the leaves elliptic-lanceolate and acute at the base. From this it would appear that Kunth’s S. officinalis bears leaves of both forms. Unfortunately for the identification of Mr. Williams’ plant with Kunth’s, the latter has 4 angled branches and bears no elliptic leaves, either on young plants growing in the Economic House, or in specimens 40 ft. high growing in the Palm House ; and this precludes my identifying it with Kunth’s S. officinalis. On the other hand, Dr. Ernst’s Caraccas plant has the upper leaves of the branches like those of the tracings of officinalis, whilst the lower leaves would appear to be less broad and less deeply cordate. In the latter respect the leaf of Hrnst’s plant best accords with War- zewiez’s Cheriqui Sarsaparilla ; and a leaf of Warzewicz’s A 2 in the Kew Herbarium, after being carefully compared with the specimens of S. officinalis in the Jardin des Plantes by A. de Candolle and Bentham, has recorded on an accom- | panying ticket, ‘“‘ Echantillon précieuse que nous avons comparé, M. Bentham et moi, avec le type de Humboldt et Bonpland dans Vherbier de Paris. II est semblable, sauf la tige plus anguleux que les rameaux.” The latter is perhaps not a very strong character, but such as it is, it 1s not shared by Williams’ plant, of which the branches are as angular as the stem; whilst in Ernst’s plant the stems are nearly terete throughout. It remains to notice the Sarsaparilla cultivated in Jamaica. It is referred to in the annual Reports of the Director (Mr. Morris) of Public Gardens of the Island for 1883 and 1884 as being cultivated in a small district of the parish of St. Elizabeth, and having produced female flowers only. It is there grown like the yam, is increased by off- shoots, and the root is collected two and a half years after planting. The yield was then valued at about 50/. per acre. According to the Pharmacographia, 1747 lbs. were imported into England from Jamaica in 1870, and 1290 lbs. in 1871; but its colour was so pale, and sub- stance so amylaceous, that it found little favour. Mr. Morris (now Assistant-Director of Kew) informs me that there is still a considerable export of the roots, and that the cultivation is very profitable. In Mr. Hanbury’s specimens the stem is strongly quadrangular, the leaves like those of the Caraccas and Cheriqui plant (narrower and less cordate than the S. ornata). It is a singular fact that, though the importation of Sar- saparilla into Europe dates from before the middle of the sixteenth century, and that now no fewer than eight kinds, from as many parts of tropical America, are brought to European markets, not one should be even approxi- mately botanically known. It may therefore serve some purpose that I should indicate the principal parts of the American continent from which the drug is, or was till lately, exported, for attention may thereby be drawn by _residents to the importance of sending living plants and good dried specimens in male and female flower and fruit, if possible, of all to Kew, for growth and determination. They are, Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras, Costa Rica, New Grenada (both from the Magdalena River and Guayaquil), Venezuela, and the Amazons River. To these must be added, as Mr. Holmes informs me, Lima (in Peru). S. ornata was, as above stated, sent by Messrs. Williams, under the name of 8S. macrophylla variegata, to Kew, where the original plant has attained the height of 40 ft. The leaves of young plants, and of, these alone, are mottled with white, whence the varietal name. It was no doubt procured from Belgium, for it is 8. macrophylla maculata of Verschaffelt’s establishment. It was pub- lished as S. ornata ? by Lemaire in the Illustration Hor- ticole, who says of it, the plant was sent from Mexico to M. Verschaffelt by Ghiesbrecht, the celebrated botanical traveller. The note of interrogation after the name was intended to denote that it may not have beeu a new species, though unidentifiable. Though the species here figured is unquestionably the above S. ornata, there are two cha- racters attributed to it which I fail to find in the Kew plant, namely, large deltoid amplexicaul stipules, and the leaf base rarely, in a young state, cuneate. To conclude, I am disposed to think that S. officinalis, the cultivated Jamaica Sarsaparilla, Ernst’s true Sarsa- parilla of Caraccas, and S. ornata will prove to be as many different species; but that without male, and probably also female flowers of each, itis impossible to say more on this head. S. ornata flowered in the Palm House at Kew for the first time in June of last year, after having been grow- ing vigorously for about twenty years.—J. D. H. Fig. 1, Male flower ; 2 and 3, stamens :—adl enlarged. 70595. ate > : | % MS.del, E Bates hth. Vincent Brooks Day & Son, imap: L Reeve & C2 London. Tap. 7055. PENTSTEMON koronptrotivs. Native of North Mexico. | Nat. Ord. ScropHULARINEZ.—Tribe CHELONE. Genus Pentstemon, Mitchell; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. ii. p. 940.) Pentstemon (Genuini) rotundifolius ; glaucus, caule gracili elongato foliisque glaberrimis,’ foliis inferioribus petiolatis ovato-rotundatis obtusis supe- rioribus sessilibus late ovato-cordatis, floribus pendulis longe gracile pedi- cellatis in paniculas amplas laxifloras dispositis, sepalis late ovatis obtusis, corolla tubuloso-infundibulari 1} poll. longa pilosa aurantiaco-rubra, lobis ovato-rotundatis apiculatis, filamentis glaberrimis, staminodio fili- formi clavellato glaberrimo. P.' rotundifolius, A. Gray in Proc, Amer. Acad. vol. xxii. p. 307; Dewar in Gard. Chron. 1888, vol. ii. p. 264, fig. 31; S. Watson in Garden and Forest, vol. i. p. 472, f. 73. P. votundifolius is stated by its founder, A. Gray, but doubtingly, to be a member of the group of the genus which contains P. centranthifolius, Benth., of California, figured in this work at Tab. 5142; but from which it differs notably in habit, in the sparingly leafy stem, and above all in the inflorescence, which in P. centranthifolius forms a long narrow bracteate thyrsus. They agree closely, however, in floral characters, in the naked stamens, the coriaceous foliage, slender staminode, and in the de- hiscence of the anthers, the cells of which are confluent at ¢ the apex. P. rotwndifolius is a native of the Chihahua province of Northern Mexico, a wild inhospitable country, infested by hostile Indians, traversed by a branch of the Rocky Mountains, and only lately explored, botanically and geographically. This country has yielded a rich harvest of fine plants, including a peculiar species of Pime (P. chiha- huwana, Engelm.), and large collections have been formed there by C. G. Pringle, which engaged the attention of ‘Dr. Gray during the later years of his laborious life, and are described in his Sertum Chihahuense, published in the Proceedings of the American Academy of Sciences (vols. xxl. and xxii.). Amongst these is the subject of this plate, May Ist, 1889. discovered in 1886 by Pringle, growing pendent from the seams of dry rocks, on the Mapula Mountains, chiefly on faces not exposed to the sun. The specimen here figured was received from Mr. Thompson of Ipswich, the introducer of so many rare and interesting Californian plants, including the Pentstemon centranthifolius and various congeners. It flowered in the herbaceous ground of the Royal Gardens in June, 1888, and continued in flower throughout the summer and autumn. Descr. A hardy glaucous perennial, two feet high. Stem branched from the base; branches decumbent or pendulous, smooth, terete, glabrous, sparingly leafy. Leaves, lower petioled, one and a half to two inches long, orbicular-ovate, obtuse, very thick and leathery, base rounded; petiole stout, longer than the blade; upper leaves smaller, sessile, nearly orbicular and deeply cordate. Inflorescence. a very lax long-branched panicle with drooping long-pedicelled flowers ; pedicels one to one and a half inches long, glabrous. lowers as long as the pedicels. Sepals ovate, acute, glabrous. orolla tubular, gradually dilated upwards, and slightly swollen above the middle, ochreous red, laxly pubescent ; lobes short, orbicular-ovate, or very broadly obovate, apiculate, yellow within and bordered with red. Filaments slender, quite glabrous ; anther cells shortly oblong, divaricated, confluent at the top, forming a hippocrepiform continuous suture; staminode filiform, rather shorter than the stamen, tip clavellate. Ovary quite glabrous.—J. D. H. Fig. 1, Calyx and style; 2, corolla laid open; 3 and 4, anthers; 5, ovary and disk :—all enlarged. vr rg ae, ALS Vincent BrooksDay & Son, Imp. M.S.del,E Bates, lith L Reeve & C2 London. Tas. 7056, SAXIFRAGA LATEPETIOLATA. Native of Spain. Nat. Ord. Saxtrracacem.—Tribe SAXIFRAGEA. Genus Saxirraca, Linn.; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. i. p. 635.) Saxirgaca (Nephrophyllum) latepetiolata; erecta, robusta, ebulbifera, tota cinereo-viridis et glanduloso-villosa, caule robusto subsucculento folioso, foliis infimis rosulatis longe et late petiolatis, petiolo e basi ad apicem sensim dilatato superne concavo, lamina profunde 3-loba, lobis cuneatis grosse crenatis v. lobulatis, supremis brevius petiolatis flabelliformibus, floralibus sessilibus oblongis, floribus ad apices ramorum congestis albis. erectis breviter pedicellatis, calycis lobis oblongis obtusis, petalis sepalis vix duplo longioribus cuneato-obovatis 3-nerviis, staminibus inclusis, ovario infero, stylis erectis, stigmatibus capitatis. S. latepetiolata, Wilkomm § Lange, Prodr. Flor. Hisp. vol. iii. p. 120; Wilkomm Il. Fl. Hisp. vol. i. p. 7, t. 6. S. geranioides, var. 8. irrigua, Wilk. in Bot. Zeit. 1847, p. 431. A remarkable species, owing to the great breadth of the petioles ; and according to its author an extremely rare plant, having hitherto been found only on one mountain in Spain, the Sierra Sta. Maria, one of the Cerro de Chiva range in Valentia, at an elevation of about 5000 feet above the sea. There it is very rare, growing with a closely allied species, S. Cossoniana, Wilk., from which it differs in the shortly pedicelled flowers, small petals, and the absence of bulbs in the basal leaf sheaths. The Kew and native specimens are of an ashy-grey colour, but Wilkomm, describing the native specimens, says that the stem and leaves beneath are reddish. Its affinity is with the Pyrenean S. geranioides, to which species it was originally referred by its author. ~ The Royal Gardens are indebted to M. Barbey of Valleyres, Canton Vaud, who obligingly sent seeds in 1887, which produced plants that flowered in the open ground in April, 1888, and continued flowering till September. Dusor. A hardy biennial, of a grey-green colour, clothed May Ist, 1889. z with long soft gland-tipped hairs, very viscid. Stem eight to twelve inches high, terete, very robust, but rather succulent. Leaves ; lower densely rosulate, upper attenuate, and all very broadly petioled; petiole two inches long, gradually dilated from the base to the insertion of the blade, where it is one-third of an inch broad ; upper surface concave, margins raised; blade reniform, deeply three- lobed, or with the lateral lobes bifid and then five-lobed; lobes cuneately flabelliform, coarsely crenate or lobulate; upper leaves shortly petioled, simply flabelliform, or cunei- form ; uppermost or floral sessile, narrow, entire. Flowers rather crowded at the ends of the branches, shortly pedi- celled, about half an inch in diameter. Calyz-lobes linear- oblong, obtuse, tips spreading or recurved. Petals hardly twice as long as the sepals, cuneate-obovate, white. Sta- mens included ; ovary sunk in the calyx-tube; styles two, erect, elongate, subulate; stigmas capitellate.——J. D. H. Fig. 1, Flower ; 2, anther; 3, ovary and styles :—all enlarged. 7057. ww sagas } ots sities pe NO ye Vincent Brooks Day & Son, irmp: MS.delE Bates }ith. L Reeve & G9 Landon Tas. 7057. LAPORTEA MOROIDES. Native of Queensland. Nat. Ord. Urnticacra:.—Tribe URTICE. Genus Laportra, Gaud.; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. P/. vol. iii. p. 383. LarortEa (Sarcopus) moroides; frutex setulis acerrime urentibus pilosa, ramis crassis, foliis late ovato-cordatis subpeltatis acuminatis dentato- serratis pubescentibus villosisve, paniculis axillaribus binis foliis sub- zequilongis, floribus monoicis masculis minutis fasciculatis breviter pedicellatis 2-bracteolatis, perianthio 4-fido, femineis in capitula globosa congestis, perianthii sepalis extimis minimis, intimis multo majoribus cucullatis demum carnoso-incrassatis et purpureis stigmate longiusculo, achenio compresso oblique ovoideo, endocarpio leviter tuberculato. L. moroides, Wedd. Monogr. Urtic. p. 142; and in DC. Prodr. vol. vii. pt. i. p- 88; Benth. Fl. Austral. vol. vi. p. 192. Urtica moroides, Herb. A. Cunningham. — This is one of two or more virulently stinging nettles that infest the humid forests of Eastern tropical and sub- tropical Australia, and of which equally virulent species inhabit tropical Asia. It was discovered in Queensland by A. Cunningham, and has been since found by various collectors between Lat. 18° and 20° N. It is remarkable for the fine vinous colour of the fruiting female perianth, the two inner sepals of which gradually becoming fleshy form when ripe a globose appendage to the achene, like that of the mulberry, which they further resemble by being collected into heads. Bailey and Gordon figure this plant in their interesting little work, “Plants re- puted injurious to Stock” (Brisbane, 1887), give a rude figure of it, and say that its native name is Gyrupia, and that the virulent effects of its stinging hairs have in North Queensland frequently caused the death of horses. The plant is described as a shrub or small tree in its native country, but the Kew plant formed a simple — erect stout stem two feet high, with a short crown of leaves at the top, and numerous panicles of flowers from the axils May Isr, 1889, ; of the fallen leaves. ‘The upper pairs of panicles were all female, the lower pairs were male. _ This interesting plant, which is called the Poison-tree in Queensland, was received from Dr. de Regel, of the Botanical Gardens of St. Petersburg, in March, 1887; it flowered in a stove soon after, and the drawing of the fruit was made in April, 1888. In July of the same year _ it flowered again, bearing both male and female flowers. The fruit remains on the plant in a plump condition for nearly a year. Descr. A large shrub or small tree, clothed with very fine virulently stinging hairs. Leaves six to eight inches long, broadly ovate-cordate with an acute sinus _ often peltately attached to the petiole, acuminate, coarsely serrate, pubescent or villous especially beneath, bright green above with purplish depressed nerves, paler and yellowish beneath with prominent nerves ; petiole shorter than the blade. Panieles of flowers in pairs from the axils of the lowest leaves or scars of fallen leaves, pe- duncled, about as long as the leaves, drooping, pendulous in fruit ; male panicles few and below the females. Male flowers minute, shortly pedicelled, pedicel bibracteolate ; perianth four-cleft, four-androus, lobes obtuse; stylode minute; anthers exserted. Female flowers very minute, in minute globose heads on zigzag branchlets of the panicle; very shortly pedicelled; two outer sepals most minute, two upper hooded, enlarging in fruit, becoming fleshy, purple, shiny, and almost concealing the small achene. Achenes green, flattened, obliquely ovoid, rather beaked ; endocarp covered with low tubercles.—/J. D. H, Fig. 1, Male flowers and bracteoles ; 2, male fl. expanded ; 3, female flowers ; 4 and 5, fruits; 6, inner sepal; 7 and 8, immature and mature achenes:—all enlarged. W.S.del,J.N Fitch, lth. ‘Vincent Brooks Day & Son Imp. Tas. 7058. SOBRALIA teucoxantua. Native of Costa Rica. Nat. Ord. OrncuipEx.—Tribe Neorriex. Genus Sosratia, Ruiz. §& Pav.; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p. 390. Sopraiia leucorantha; caule 2-3-pedali, foliis 6-pollicaribus lanceolatis v. ovato-lanceolatis acuminatis, vaginis verruculosis, floribus maximis, brac- teis lanceolatis asperis, sepalis 3-pollicaribus lineari-lanceolatis acuminatis lateralibus falcato-decurvis albis, petalis brevioribus et latioribus elliptico- oblongis obtusis albis marginibus undulatis, labelli tubo ventricoso, lamina orbiculari alba fauce aurea marginibus crenato-undulatis apice 2-loba, basi intus aurantiaco-striolata, columna tubo labelli involuta apice 3- dentata. S. leucoxantha, Reichb. f. Beitr. Orchid. Centr. Amer. p. 68. Warner & Williams Orchid Alb, t. 271. Of the many species of this fine genus (upwards of fifty are known), this is one of the largest flowered ; its rivals being S. macrantha (Tab. 4446), S. Fenzliana, Reichb. f. in Bot. Zeit. 1852, p. 714, and S. xzantholeuca, Hort. It is very closely allied to the first of these, and differs chiefly in the very much smaller limb of the lip, and in the pure white colour of all parts of the flower except the disk of the lip. Minor differences are the nar- rower leaves of S. leucoxantha, and the rough or minutely warted leaf-sheaths and bracts. Both are natives of the Central American States, 8S. macrantha of Guatemala, and S. leucowantha of Costa Rica, near Porto Blanco, whence it was imported by Messrs. Sanders of St. Albans, to whom we also owe the Angraecum Germinyanum figured in this number. It has flowered in the tropical Orchid House. Desor. Stems tufted, reed-like, leafy, about 3 feet high, clothed with appressed rough leaf-sheaths. Leaves four to six inches long by one and a quarter to one and a half inches broad, sessile on the sheath, lanceolate, finely acuminate, closely plaited. Floral bracts lanceolate, one JuNE Ist, 1889. to two inches long, rough. Flowers six to seven inches in diameter. Sepals linear-lanceolate, spreading and re- curved, nearly one inch broad in the broadest part, pure white. Petals shorter, broader and more oblong than the sepals, obtuse, margins undulate from beyond the middle to the tip, pure white. Lip with the ventricose tube two inches long, embracing the column; limb two and a half inches in diameter, spreading and recurved, nearly circular in outline with a deep notch in front, margin deeply irre- gularly notched and waved, white, with the disk and interior of the tube suffused with golden yellow and afew brownish stripes. Column an inch long, deeply three-toothed at the tip.—J. D. H. Fig. 1, Front, and 2, Lack view of column ; 3and 4, pollinia:—al/ enlarged. _ 705 eee nay eric saat come ee Sa mae yt 4 Vincent Brooks Day & Son, imp L Reeve& co London. Tas. 7059. ENKIANTHUS campanvnatvs. Native of Japan. Nat. Ord. Ertckx.—Tribe ANDROMEDER. Genus Enxrantuvs, Lour. ; (Benth. et Hook.f. Gen. Pl. vol. ii. p. 588.) ENKIANTHUS campanulatus; arboreus, ramis verticillatis, foliis petiolatis ellipticis utrinque acutis argute serrulatis apice callosis, racemis sub- corymbiformibus nutantibus, pedicellis pubescentibus pedunculum supe- rantibus, sepalis lanceolatis, corolla cylindraceo-campanulatz lobisbrevibus rotundatis, genitalibus inclusis, filamentis villosulis, antheris glabris apice reflexo-bisetosis, ovario glabro, capsulis e pedunculo deflexo erectis, breviter cylindraceis, seminibus scobiformibus triquetris lamellato-cristatis. Andromeda campanulata, Miguel in Ann. Mus, Lugd. Bat. vol. i. p. 31; Prolus, Fl. Jap. p. 94. Maximovicz in Mel. Biol. vol. viii. p. 618 ; in Regel Gartenfl, vol, xxii. (1873), p. 3, t. 747. Franch. & Sav. Enum. Plant. Jap. vol. i. p. 284. The genus Enkianthus, of which six or seven species are known, is peculiar to the warm temperate and sub- tropical regions of Eastern Asia, extending in the extreme east from North Japan to South China, whilst to the west it is confined to the Eastern Himalaya. No doubt our ignorance botanically of Western China accounts for its non-appearance hitherto between such widely remote longitudes as the Eastern Himalaya (Long. 90 E.), where E. himalaicus (Tab. 6460) was discovered, and H. quin- queflorus (Tab. 1649), which is a native of South China (in Long. 115 E.). : Asa genus Enkianthus differs from Andromeda techni- cally only in the seeds, which are large with a lamellate winged testa, whilst in the latter genus they are small with an appressed smooth testa. On the other hand, in habit these genera widely differ, Hnkianthus being really much more closely allied to Pieris, in which the spurs of the anthers are inserted at the back of the anther close to the insertion of the filament. Of Hnkianthus itself there are two principal groups; one, of which H. japonicus (Tab. 5822) and H. quinqueflorus (Tab. 1649) are the representa- “June Ist, 1889. tives, has the corolla with five basal gibbosities and the fruiting pedicels erect ; the other, which includes the genus Meisteria, Sieb. and Zucc. (founded on the serrate lobes of the corolla), and which includes also H. himalaicus (Tab. 6460) and EH. campanulatus, has the corolla equal at the base, and deflexed fruiting pedicels. Enkianthus campanulatus is a native of Northern Japan, _ and has been found in the vicinity of Hakodadi by various collectors. In the more southern provinces of the kingdom it seems to be known only in cultivation. As a species it is hardly distinguishable from EF. himalaicus, which has ferruginous hairs on the leaves beneath when young, longer filaments, pubescent anthers, ovary and style, and rather shorter broader capsules. The flowers of H. hima- laicus are of a more ochreous-red. The specimen here represented was communicated in May of last year by Messrs. Veitch, who procured the plant from Japan, through their collector, Mr. Maries; it flowered in the ~Coombe Wood Nursery, and is perfectly hardy. Descr. A small deciduous leaved tree ; branches slender ; bark light brown. Leaves fascicled at the tips of the branches, one and a half to two inches long, shortly petioled, elliptic-ovate, subacute, finely serrulate, narrowed into a short glabrous or slightly hairy petiole, base acute, tip glandular. Flowers in axillary pendulous sessile ab- breviated puberulous or glabrous racemes; pedicels one- half to three-quarters of an inch. Sepals lanceolate, half the length of the corolla, pubescent. Corolla a third of an inch in diameter, shortly campanulate, shortly five- lobed, dark red, with three darker nerves on the tube. answering to each lobe, base rounded; lobes rounded, spreading. Stamens very short, filaments subulate from a large dilated base, villous; anthers glabrous, awns as long as the cells. Ovary glabrous; style included. Cap- sule one-third of an inch long. Fig. 1, Leaf, of the natural size ; 2, flower; 3 and 4, stamens; 5, pistil :-— all enlarged. 7060 VAncent Brocks Day & Son.tenp MS del, INFitchlith a o a ° 4 oo: 1) & 5 a et a Tan. 7060. SPATHOGLOTTIS IXIOIDES. Native of the Eastern Himalaya. Nat. Ord. OrncHIDEx.—Tribe EPIDENDRES. Genus Spatnoctortis, Blume; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p. 511.) SpaTHoGLortis ixioides, pseudobulbis parvis depresso-conicis fere nudis, folio solitario gramineo tenuissimo basi vaginisque tubulosis puberulis, scapo gracili 1-2-flore bractea vaginante appressa puberula, floribus aureis, sepalis petalisque subsequalibus elliptico-ovatis obtusis puberulis, labello inter lobos laterales obtusos saccato, lobo medio obcordato basi utrinque appendiculato v. auriculato, disco 2-calloso puberulo. S. ixioides, Lindl. in Wall. Cat. No. 3745; Gen. §& Sp. Orchid. p. 120; in Journ, Linn. Soe. vol. iii. p. 22. Pachystoma Josephi, Reichd. fil. in Walp. Rep. vol. vi. p. 464. Cymbidium ixioides, Don Prodr. Fl. Nep. p. 36. A very graceful terrestrial Orchid, discovered by Dr. . Wallich in Nepal in 1821. It is not uncommon in the adjacent province of Sikkim, where it grows on mossy or grassy banks at an elevation of 6000 to 10,000 feet above the sea. Being gregarious in habit, it is a great ornament. Though in so far as at present known, it is confined to the Himalaya, it may prove to be a variety of the Khasian S. pubescens, Lindl., which extends eastwards into China (8. Fortunei, Lindl. in Bot. Reg. 1845, t. 19), and south- wards to Burma. It differs in the more numerous flowers, more pubescent sepals and saccate midlobe of the lip. Besides S. iaioides, there are seven Indian species of this genus, all well worthy of cultivation ; one indeed, A. Wrayt (nob. in Fl. Brit. Ind. ined.), a native of Perak in the Malayan Peninsula, is a magnificent plant, with a flowering stem a foot and a half high, and flower two and a half inches across, of a bright golden colour. It is found at elevations of 4000 to 5000 feet. The plants of S. ixioides figured were received from Mr. Gammie of Darjeeling in 1881, through Mr. Elwes, to both of which gentlemen Botany and Horticulture are June 1st, 1889. deeply indebted for the introduction of Eastern Hima- layan plants. They flower annually about midsummer, and are grown in a pan of Sphagnum and peat, treated with abundance of water in the warmer months and with drought in winter. | Duscr. Pseudobulbs the size of a small hazel-nut, ovoid, coated with fibrous remains of sheaths. Leaves two to three from each pseudobulb, eight to eighteen inches long, enclosed at the base in a tubular pubescent purplish sheath about an inch long, very narrow and _grass- like, plaited. Scapes from separate pseudobulbs, as long as the leaves or shorter, very slender, erect, naked, one- to two-flowered ; bracts appressed, ovate-lanceolate, sheathing the base of the pedicel. Flowers nodding, three-quarters to one and a quarter inch in diameter, bright golden yellow, with reddish specks on the disk of the lip. Sepals and petals subequal, ovate-oblong, subacute. Lip as long as the sepals; hypochile saccate, with the large obtuse side- lobes erect, incurved, striated with red within; epichile obcordate, with a tooth-like process or appendage or a rounded auricle at each side of the base; disk of lip with two short raised smooth ridges at the base of the epichile, and a line of hairs on each side between the side-lobes. Column narrowly winged above.—J. D. H. Fig. 1, Side view, and 2, front view of lip; 3, column; 4, anther; 5, pol- linia :—all enlarged. 7061 8 4 TR escar ed a So We tie a Vincent Brooks,Day & Son imp Tas. 7061. ANGRAICUM Germinvanum. Native of Madagascar. Nat. Ord. OrcutpEa.—Tribe VANDE. Genus Ancracum, Thouars; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl, vol. iii. p. 583.) Ancracum (Macroura) Germinyanum; caule robusto elongato scandente folioso, foliis distichis oblongis apice 2-lobis basi cordato-semiamplexi- caulibus, floribus amplis axillaribus solitariis, pedunculo gracili folio multo breviore, sepalis 2-pollicaribus filiformibus decurvis, petalis consimi- libus sed brevioribus et angustioribus, labello quadrato angulis obtusis apice in caudam filiformem repente angustato, columna brevissima. A. Germinyanum, Hort. Sanders. Mr. Sanders of St. Albans, the introducer of this beautiful Orchid, has been so good as to send me the following information regarding it. Angrecum Germinyanum was named after Count Adrien de Germiny, Gonville, France, an ardent lover of Orchids. It was discovered in 1886 in the interior of Madagascar, in the same forests with Phajus tuberculosus and Humbloti, by Messrs. Sanders’ collector, Leon Humblot. The fact of its coming from a hitherto unexplored part of Madagascar abounding in novelties, together with Mr. Humblot’s assurance that it was new and different from any other Angraecum that he had seen, appeared to warrant the giving a specific name to the plant, though then in a flowerless state. Mr. Sanders further informs me that there were about twenty plants of it imported, of which nearly all must have perished, as he had heard nothing of any of them. Tt is, therefore, a peculiar satisfaction to the authorities of Kew that the plant of this fine species which Mr. Sanders liberally presented to Kew in 1886 should have flourished in that establishment. It flowered in May of last year, and again in the spring of this year. As may be supposed from its native habitat, it was grown in a very moist tropical house, fastened to a soft piece of fern- stem. JUNE Ist, 1889. Descr. Stem twelve to eighteen inches long, stout, scan- dent, with long vermiform banded roots from the nodes, leafy ; nodes short, about half an inch long. Leaves alter- nate, distichous, spreading, one and a half to two inches long, sessile by a subcordate semi-amplexicaul base, linear- oblong, unequally two-lobed, very thick, bright green, margins recurved. Flowers pure white, solitary on short slender axillary peduncles that are much shorter than the leaves ; pedicel with the ovary two-thirds to one inch long, two-bracteolate at the base. Sepals two and a half to three inches long, elongate-subulate from a narrowly lanceolate base, the lateral shortly spreading and then pendulous. Petals like the sepals, but shorter and more slender, pendulous. Lip quadrate, with rounded angles, an inch broad and rather less in length, sides reflexed, anterior margin suddenly contracted in the middle into a subulate at length filiform recurved tail an inch long ; disk with depression at the insertion of the spur, which is slender, about twice as long as the sepals and flexuous. Column very short, two-winged in front; pollinia pyriform. —J. D. Hi. Fig. 1, Column and base of lip; 2, the same viewed in front; 3, anther; 4, pollinia :—all enlarged. wang ‘Aancent Brooks Day & Son Imp & ‘ | : | i : i } j \ (M.S. del. E Bates lth don. LReeve & C° Lan i Tas. 7062. SOLANUM pensixe. Native of South America. Nat. Ord. SonranacEz.—Tribe SoLanER. Genus Soranum, Linn. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pi. vol. ii. p. 888.) Sonanum pensile ; scandens, sarmentosum, inerme, ramulis teretibus pubescenti- tomentosis, foliis ovatis v. ovato-cordatis acutis v. obtuse acuminatis glaberrimis supra lucidis, panicule pendule ramis simplicibus elongatis divaricato-recurvis multifloris, pedicellis breviusculis, calycis hemispherici dentibus minutis, corolla ample violacew extus puberule laciniis lineari- bus recurvis apicibus incurvis, filamento unico ceteris duplo longiore, antheris consimilibus linearibus poris minutis terminalibus dehiscentibus, ovario conico glabro, stylo puberulo, bacca globosa violacea glabra, semi- nibus lentiformibus. 8S. pensile, Sentdnsin Mart. Fl. Bras fase. vi. Solan. p. 50; Dunal in DC. Prodr, vol. xiii. pt. i. pp. 84 and 679. S. letum, Miquel Stirp. Surinam. 139 (non Kunze). S. sempervirens, Dunal 7. c. p. 88. S. pendulum, Link mss. (non Ruiz. §& Pav.). S. scandens, Schomb. mss. S. amethystinum, Poiteau mss. Witheringia pendula, Rem. & Sch. Syst. vol. iii. p. 422. Though botanically a well-known species, this lovely plant was unknown to gardens till sent to Kew in 1887 from the George Town (Demerara) Botanical Gardens by Mr. Jenman. It belongs to a section of the genus aptly called Subdulcamara by Dunal, the general resemblance of the species to the common 8S. dulcamara of our hedges being very obvious, the chief difference from the true Dulcamare being in the inflorescence, which in the latter is axillary or alar and corymbose, whereas in S. pensile and its allies it is terminal and panicled. S. pensile is a native of English, Dutch, and French Guiana. It has also been found on the Amazons River from Para up to the Solimoes River, a branch of the Amazons, by Spruce. There are also specimens in the Kew Herbarium from Miers gathered in the Organ Mountains (Rio de Janeiro), where, however, it may have June lst, 1839. been cultivated, as no other collector has sent it from that part of Brazil. S. pensile requires a tropical stove, where it grows with great rapidity, for the Kew plant, which was received from Demerara in 1887, flowered in May, 1888. Descr. A tall slender branched unarmed climber; branches terete; branchlets pubescent. Leaves two to four inches long, ovate or cordate-ovate, subacute or obtusely acuminate, quite entire, bright green and shining above, paler beneath with brownish nerves; petiole one- half to two-thirds of aninchlong. Panicles large, terminal, loosely subpyramidal, pendulous, pubescent; branches — alternate, distichous, recurved or ascending, four to seven inches long, many-flowered; flowers subsecund, shortly pedicelled. Calyx one-fourth of an inch long, shortly cam- panulate, terete, five-toothed, brown, pubescent. Corolla one and a half inches in diameter, bright violet-blue with a white star-shaped eye; segments lanceolate with in- curved tips, spreading and recurved, pubescent externally. Stamens five, filaments of four much shorter than the anthers, of the fifth twice as long as the others; anthers one-third of an inch long, linear-oblong, straight, erect and contiguous, dehiscing by minute terminal pores. Ovary glabrous ; style erect, pubescent. Berry globose, the size of a large pea, purple, shining —J. D. H. Fig. 1, Calyx and stamens; 2 and 3, short and long stamens; 4, pistil :-— all enlarged, Son imp. or ks D neent Broo V iH a LB) WIPNS TCS ee Werbin oe ? London L Reeve & C ‘Tas. 70638. PANDANUS tasyrinratcus, Native of the Malay Islands. Nat, Ord. PaNDANER. Genus Panpanus, Linn. f.; (Benth. et Hook. J. Gen, Pl. vol. iii. p. 949.) PANDANUS labyrinthicus ; fruticosus, 10~-20-pedalis, caudicibus crass’s sparse tuberculatis ramosis erecto-patentibus radices aerias validas emittentibus, foliis spiraliter trifariis anguste linearibus 2-8-ped. longis 1} poll. latis — marginibus costaque snbtus spinulis subcurvis armatis supra lucidis subtns glauco-viridibus, spathis syncarpiis longioribus concavis ovato-lanceolatis spinuloso-ciliatis, syncarpiis 3-4 poll. longis ad apicem pedunculi decurvi confertis sessilibus ellipsoideo-oblongis, drupis confertissimis pollicaribus anguste oblongis infra medium compressis aureis dein elongato-hemi- sphericis 4-gonis rubris ungue (stigmate) brevi furcata caduca papillam relinquente terminatis, putamine crasso semitereti. P. labyrinthicus, Kurz. in Mig. Ann. Mus. Lugd. Bat. ii. 53; Seem. Journ. Bot. vol. v. (1867), p. 108; Journ. As. Soc, Beng. vol. xxxviii. (1869) pt. 2, p- 147; Bot, Zeit. vol. lii. (1869), p. 451; Balf. f. in Journ. Linn, Soe. vol. xvii. p. 49; Solms Laub. in Linnea, vol. xlii. p. 20, Iam indebted to Dr. Balfour for the identification of this handsome Pandanus with the Sumatran Pandanus labyrinthicus, of which there are fruits in the Museum at Kew, communicated by the late D. Hanbury, who received them from the Botanical Gardens of Buitenzong, Java. A plant of it has been in cultivation at Kew for. many years, but its origin is unknown. It differs some- what from the description of P. labyrinthicus in the _ much fewer aerial roots, which are said in the native plant — to be so numerous and interlaced as to have suggested the specific name. This is, however, a very variable character, naturally depending on climate and humidity. It_ was most probably received at Kew from the Buitenzopg Gardens many years ago, and may be a native of other of | the Malayan jdenda besides Sumatra. Kurz has (in the Bengal Journal of the Asiatic Society) referred it to the section Rykia, of which the type is P. furcatus, Roxb., a com- . | : mon Indian species ; but in P. furcatus the drupeiscrowned | by a much larger and more persistent forked claw, which = JULY Ist, 1889. es latter is so deciduous in P. labyrinthicus, that all traces of it are lost as the fruit ripens. Solms Laubach regards P. labyrinthicus as very near P. nitidus, Kurz (in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 1869, 147, Solms in Linnea xlii. 18), which is described as having the leaves shining on both surfaces, solitary erect fruits, and drupes with a shining incurved acute style terminated by an oblique subcordate stigma. P. labyrinthicus was received and long cultivated at Kew under the name of P. ceramicus, a native of the Moluccas very imperfectly known. It fruited in the Palm House in December, 1888, after which the plant died, but | not till a sucker was saved to form a future plant. It may be stated here that Pandanus unguifer of this work (Tab. 6347) has been determined by Dr. Balfour to be the P. minor, Herb. Ham., of Wallich’s Herbarium (No. 8592), an unpublished species found by Buchanan Hamilton in Bengal. Descr. Plaut at Kew ten feet high, consisting of one suberect main trunk about six inches in diameter, and closely ringed, together with several ascending branches from the base; aerial roots few. Leaves two to three feet long by one and a half inches broad, finely acuminate, margin and more or less of the costa spiny, spines short nearly straight. Peduwncle of the female about six inches long, decurved in fruit, bearing at the apex three to six synearpia. Lower bract below the syncarpia leaf-like ; those next the syncarpia three to five inches long, broadly ovate-oblong, acuminate, very concave, margins and mid- rib at the back closely spinulose. Syncarpia two and a half to three and a half inches long, sessile, broadly ellip- soid; drupes one inch long, closely packed, narrowly oblong, lower half golden yellow, compressed, upper elon- gate dome-shaped, four-angled, bright orange-red, capped by the pulvinate remains of the style; putamen thick, flattened on one side.—.J. D. H. -Fig. 1, Drupe; 2, transverse section of the same :—both enlarged. 7064. M.S.delE Bates)ith. LReeve & C9London. Tas. 7064. SYRINGA vittosa. Native of Northern China. Nat. Ord. OLeacEx.—Tribe SyrincEea#. Genus Syrinea, Linn. ; (Benth. et Hook.f Gen. Pl. vol. ii. p. 675.) Syrinea villosa; frutex gracilis, foliis late ellipticis ovatisve obtusis basi - rotundatis rarius cuneatis subtus glaucescentibus, costa nervisque villosis rarius glaberrimis, nervis patentibus, thyrsis breviusculis erectis, floribus sessilibus pallide roseo-lilacinis, calycis dentibus brevibus ovatis subacutis, corollz tubo longitudine vario, lobis obtusis marginibus crassis incurvis, capsula cylindraceo-oblonga obtusa. 8. villosa, Vahi Enum. vol. i. p. 38; DC. Prodr. vol. viii. p. 283; Franchet Pl. David. p. 204; Deene. in Nouv. Arch. Mus. Ser. 2, p. 41; Helmsl. in Journ. Linn. Soe. vol. xxvi. p. 83; Sargent in Gard. & Forest. 1888, p. 222, and p. 520, fig. 83. S. pubescens, Turez. in Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc. 1840, p. 73; Hance in Journ. Bot. 1875, p. 133; Sargent 1. c. 414, fig. 67. The specific name of villosa is unfortunately chosen for this plant ; what villousness it possesses is confined to the lower parts of the costa of the leaf beneath, and to the bases of the main nerves; such as it is, it is deciduous and often totally absent, even on the young leaves. This is the case with the specimen here figured, in which I find mere traces of hairs on some leaves and none on others. In some Chinese specimens, on the other hand, the villousness is conspicuous in the positions indicated, -and consists of long spreading silvery hairs. North China is evidently the headquarters of the genus Syringa. Helmsley, in his valuable ‘“ Enumeration of Chinese Plants,” published in the Linnean Society’s | Journal, cited above, mentions six species from that country, and there are others in the Kew Herbarium, of which the specimens are too imperfect for determination. Of these S. oblata, Lindl., is the nearest allied to 8. villosa, and may be distinguished by its robust habit and more or less cordate leaves, which are green beneath and have no villous hairs. S. villosa is a native of the Chihli province of China, JuLy Ist, 1889. occurring on mountains near Pekin, where it was dis- covered by the early Jesuit missionary, Father d’Incarville, previous to 1740, who sent specimens to Jussieu that are preserved in the Museum ‘of the Jardin de Plantes at Paris. It has been more recently collected by Dr. Bret- schneider, the learned physician to the Russian Km- bassy, on mountains near Pekin, and by Dr. Bullock of the English Embassy. Its introduction into cultivation is due to Dr. Bretschneider, who sent seeds to Kew and elsewhere in 1880. Plants raised from these seeds flowered for the first time in Kew in May, 1888. It need not be said of a North Chinese shrub that it is perfectly hardy, and it is as fragrant as the common lilac. The corolla is exceedingly variable in length of tube, which sometimes exceeds half an inch. Descr. An erect shrub, glabrous except the leaves beneath ; branches covered with brown bark ; branchlets slender, red-brown. Leaves one and a half to two inches long and sometimes nearly as broad, very broadly ovate or elliptic, or almost orbicular, obtuse ; base rounded or cuneate, dark green above, subglaucous beneath, and with more or less deciduous villous pubescence towards the base, or quite glabrous; margins towards the base obscurely ciliate; petiole a quarter to one-half of an inch, slender, red-brown. Thyrses two to three inches long, erect, sessile, branched at the very base, subcylindric ; rachis and branches red-brown; flowers sessile, suberect, pale rose-lilac. Calyzx-lobes broadly ovate. Corolla-tube very variable in length, a quarter to one-half of an inch long, cylindric ; lobes oblong, obtuse, margins thick in- flexed. Stamens small, placed one-third way down the tube. Ovary globose; style short, stigma narrowly ob- long, notched. Capsule half or two-thirds of an inch long, narrowly oblong, obtuse, cylindric.—J. D. H. Fig. 1, Flowers; 2, cal : : i ; ’ ; yx, style, and st REF Ila laid open; 4, anther ; 5, ovary :—all more or hess salunped : nie 2 7065. : a. Tis Son, imp MS del E Bates lith. ancemt Brooks Day & L-Reeve & C° London. Tas. 7065. OLEARIA macroponta. Native of New Zealand, Nat. Ord. Comprostra.—Tribe AsTEROIDE. Genus Oveania, Moench; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pi. vol. ii. p. 276, OveaRria macrodonta, arbor parva, ramis patentibus, ramulis paniculis foliisque subtus appresse albo-pubescentibus, foliis petiolatis coriaceis oblongis lineari-oblongisve acutis v. acuminatis grosse dentatis, basi rotundatis, nervis numerosis supra depressis cum costa obtusangulum efficientibus, corymbis terminalibus amplis mniti-densifloris, capitulis } poll. diam., involucri late campanulati bracteis paucis pubescenti-pilosis, floribus radii 10-30 ligulis oblongis, disci paucis rufescentibus, pappi setis uniseriatis, acheniis pilosis. O. macrodonta, Baker in Gard, Chron. 1884, vol. i. p. 604, and 1886, vol. ii- p- 304, fig. 62. O. dentata, Hook. f. in Handbook of New Zeald. Flora, p. 126. Eurybia dentata, var. a, Hook. f. Fl. Nov, Zeald. vol. i. p. 118. One of the numerous Daisy trees of New Zealand, and perhaps the most conspicuous from the great abundance of its broad white corymbs, which terminate every branchlet, and together cover the plant with a white sheet of flowers. I originally described it in the Flora Nove Zelandize under Hurybia (as E. dentata), a genus separated by Cassini from Olearia by its uniseriate pappus, and retained by De Can- dolle. A further study of the Australian and New Zealand Species of the two genera convinced me that they could not be kept apart, and I united them in the Handbook of the New Zealand Flora, where I inadvertently retained the Specific name of dentata, overlooking the fact that it was preoccupied for an Australian species. In consequence of this, Mr. Baker, in the ‘“ Gardener’s Chronicle,’ changed the name to O. macrodonta ; but whether this will be main- tained is doubtful, for O. macrodonta is so closely allied to my O. ilicifolia, that further material may prove that they — are one and the same species, in which case the latter name will claim precedence. Such are the difficulties as to nomenclature that beset the pioneers of Floras, JuLY Ist, 1889. which have to be elaborated from the examination of, often solitary, Herbarium specimens. O. macrodonta differs from O. ilicifolia in the larger leaves with rounded bases, which turn a pale buff when dried. Both are natives of the mountainous districts of the Northern Island, where (on the Ruahine range) they were discovered by Colenso; they both extend. through the Southern Island to Otago; and both smell faintly of musk. 0. macrodonta is the larger plant of the two, attaining twenty feet in height and spread of branches, with a trunk thirty inches in diameter: its wood affords a poor veneer. The specimen here figured was from a. plant presented to Kew by W. E. Gumbleton, Esq., of Belgrove, Co. Cork, which flowered on a south wall in June, 1888, where it had stood without protection for three years. Descr. A tree about twenty feet high, with spreading branches, smelling faintly of musk ; branchlets, leaves beneath and corymbs covered with an appressed subsilvery pubescence. Leaves alternate, petioled, three to four inches long, coriaceous, oblong or linear-oblong, acute or acuminate, subsinuately sharply deeply toothed; base rounded or cuneate, above dark green (young pubescent), with many impressed nerves that form an obtuse angle — with the midrib; petiole one to one and a half inches long, stout, reddish. Corymbs six inches and upwards in diameter, profusely branched, more or less flat-topped. Heads half an inch in diameter and more; involucre cam- panulate ; bracts few, oblong, subacute, pubescent, greenish with brown tips. Ray-flowers ten to thirty, with oblong three-toothed ligules; disk-flowers few, reddish ; pappus of one series of rigid scabrid white or reddish hairs. Achene cylindric, pubescent.—J. D. H. Fig. 1, Flower of the ray; 2, pappus hair; 3, flower of the disk; 4, stamens ; 5, style-arms :—ull enlarged. Tan. 7066. DISA LACERA, var. mutriripa. Native of Cape Town. Nat. Ord. OrcHipEm.—Tribe OrHRyDEX. Genus Disa, Berg; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. iti. p. 630.) Disa (Herschelia) lacera ; erecta, glabra, foliis radicalibus anguste gramineis scapo flexuoso laxe 2-6-floro brevioribus, vaginis paucis bracteisque late ovatis acuminatis membranaceis, sepalis lateralibus ovato-oblongis sub- acutis patentibus, dorsali galeato ore orbiculari, calcare brevi conico, petalis columne adnatis e basi late auriculata repente angustatis geniculatis apice attenuato spinescente integerrimo, labello ovato-oblongo obtuso plano integerrimo crenato v. fimbriato. D. lacera, Swartz in Act. Holm. 1800, p. 212; Willd. Sp. Pl. vol. iv. p. 50; Thunb. Fl. Cap. p. 12; Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orchid. 354; Journ. of Horticult. 1888, p. 221, fig. 24. Bolus in Journ. Linn. Soe. vol. xxv. p. 202. Var. multifida; lip fimbriate nearly to the base, WV. E. Brown in Gard. Chron, 1888, vol. ii. p. 664. I follow Mr. N. E. Brown in referring this plant to a form of Swartz’s Disa lacera, because it agrees with the species so named in the Kew Herbarium, and which Lindley has accepted as the type of D. lacera, and notwithstanding the discrepancy admitted by Mr. Brown himself, namely, that D. lacera is described by Thunberg as a white-flowered plant. Unfortunately, authentic specimens of D. lacera are not known to exist; there are none in Swartz’s or Thun- berg’s Herbaria, and Sparrman is cited as the discoverer of the species. Another point in favour of this determination is, that the typical lacera is described as having the lip fim- briated at the tip only, and such is the case with some of the specimens in the Kew Herbarium, whilst in others it is fimbriated or crenate all round, and there are all degrees of intermediates in this character. Lindley describes the leaves as rigidand contorted, and the sepalsas all terminating in a point (cwm acumine), neither of which characters are apparent in our cultivated specimens, where the leaves are straight and the dorsal sepal rather obtuse. The plant here figured was brought to Kew from Cape Juty Ist, 1889. Town, by Mr. Watson (Assistant Curator of Kew), and was presented to the Royal Gardens by Professor MacOwan, the Superintendent of the Cape Town Botanical Gardens, with the information that it had quite recently been brought down from Table Mountain. Mr. Bolus, however, who happened to bein England at the time of its flowering, and was engaged on his admirable work on the Orchids of the Cape Peninsula, having examined it, did not recognize it as a plant of that region of South Africa, and suspected that — there was some mistake as to its being a Table Mountain plant. Its reference to D. lacera would confirm Mr. Bolus’ suspicion, for that plant is a native of the Uitenhage and Graham’s Town districts, upwards of 300 miles from Cape Town, whence there are excellent specimens in the Kew | Herbarium, collected by Mr. MacOwan himself. No doubt it was in that region that Sparrman discovered it, for he travelled into the interior of South Africa in about 1780, after having circumnavigated the globe with Cook on his second voyage. _ 3 D. lacera is the first of the section Herschelia to be figured in this work. The sectional name is classical; it was proposed as a genus by Lindley, for the beautiful D. graminifolia, Ker (a native of Table Mountain), in honour of the distinguished astronomer, Sir John Herschel, who was at that time making his catalogue of the Southern stars at Cape Town, and who was a devoted lover and cultivator of Orchids. Of this D. graminifolia (Herschelia ccelestis) Lindley says, ‘‘ Species haec pulcherrima colore cali aus- tralis intense coeruleo superbiens.’’ Mr. Bolus adds to his description of it that it is the commonest species in the Cape Peninsula, and attracts universal observation by its colour and brillianey, but that, in spite of repeated efforts, it does not appear to have been successfully grown in England.—J. D. H. | _ Fig. 1, Top of ovary, base of lip etals and column ; 2, petals, lip and column ; 3 and 4, pollinia:—al/ eitoecal, pa ‘OG pe ee - Day&$ q +) i=) a » G +9) o G 3 ABS AOR: HUCRYPHIA prnyatirouta. Native of Chili. Nat. Ord. Rosacem.—Tribe QUILLAJE. Genus Evcryputa, Cavanilles ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p. 615.) Eucrypuia pinnatifolia, arbuscula glabra, foliis pinnatis cum impari, foliolis 1-5-jugis sessilibus ovato-lanceolatis acutis crenato-dentatis supra saturate viridibus lucidis subtus pallidis, terminali petiolulato, stipulis oblongo- lanceolatis subacutis deciduis, floribus amplis breviter pedunculatis, sepalis parvis late oblongis, petalis orbiculari-obovatis concavis, stamini- bus perplurimis disco v. toro tenui insertis, filamentis capillaribus, antheris minutis, ovario pubescente, stylis numerosis filiformibus. E. pinnatifolia, Gay Flor. Chil. vol. i. p. 352, t. 8; Gard. Chron. 1880, vol. i. p. 8387; The Garden, Dec. 1877; Walp. Ann. vol. i. p. 113. Fagus glutinosa, Pepp. & Endl. Nov. Gen. & Sp. vol. ii. p. 68, t. 194. The genus Hucryphia, founded on another Chilian species with simple leaves, has not yet found a generally accepted abiding place in the ‘Systema Plantarum.” Spach placed it in Hypericinee ; Endlicher at the end of Chlenacee ; Bentham and Planchon referred it to Cunoniace, a tribe of Sawifragee ; C. Gay constituted of it a distinct family, Hucryphiew; in the Genera Plantarum I| have referred it to Quillajee, another tribe of Sazxifragee, in which I am followed by Baillon; and finally Maximovicz, in his learned ‘“ Adnotationes ad Spirzaceas,” inclines to regard it as nearer T'liaceew and Kleocarpee. The genus is remarkable as being confined to Tasmania and Chili, and was independently described from the former countr, by Labillardiere as Carpodontos. Only three species of it are known, two simple-leaved ones, and that here figured with pinnated leaves, which is the only one hitherto intro- duced into Europe. : E. pinnatifolia appears to be a very local plant, bemg confined, as far as is known, to the Cordillera of Concep- cion, where it forms a bushy tree about ten feet high, and is called, Nirrhe by the people. It was introduced into Juty Isr, 1889. : cultivation by Messrs. Veitch and Sons, and seems to be perfectly hardy. The specimen here figured was kindly sent for this work by R. Milne Redhead, Esq., F.L.S. of Holden Clough, Clitheroe (author of a paper on the Botany of Sinai in the Linnean Journal) in September last, with the observation that the stamens persist after the petals have fallen away, and are in themselves very ornamental. Descr. A small glabrous tree or large shrub, attaining ten feet in height, much branched ; branches and branchlets stout. Leaves crowded towards the ends of the branchlets, three to six inches long, pinnate; petiole short and rachis slender ; leaflets in one to five pairs; lateral one and a half to two inches long, sessile by a rounded base, oblong-lanceolate, acute, crenate-toothed or -serrate, dark shiny green above, paler beneath; terminal leaflet rather longer, petiolulate; stipules half an inch long, oblong-— lanceolate, deciduous. lowers shortly stoutly peduncled, two and a half to three inches in diameter, pure white. - Sepals very small, broadly oblong, obtuse, coriaceous, green, deciduous. Petals orbicular-obovate, concave. Stamens very numerous, inserted in many series on a torus that supports the ovary; filaments capillary, shorter than the petals; anthers very small, orbicular. Ovary oblong, pubescent, many-celled; styles very many, filiform, longer than the ovary; stigmas minute. Capsule oblong, two-thirds of an inch long.—J. D. H. Figs. 1 and 2, Stamen ! 8; 3, disk and 54 ical section of ovary :— all enlarged. , disk and ovary; 4, vertical sectio: 7: | : 7068 ettis Vincent Brooks, Day & Son imp M. 8. del, JN. Fitch hth. L.Reeve & C9 London # Tas. 7068, STAPELIA gicantsa. Native of Zululand and Namaqua Land. Nat. Ord. AscierrapEx.—Tribe STapeLiEg. Genus Staretia, Linn. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. ii. p. 784.) StaPetia gigantea ; ramis e caule valido procumbente ste clavatis 4-8 poll. longis 1-1} poll. crassis 4-gonis pubescentibus, angulis compressis den- tatis, dentibus brevibus erectis, pedicellis pollicaribus crassis tomentosis, corolla 12-14 poll. diametr., pilis rufis erectis sericeis molliter hirsuta flavida lineolis fusco-rubris creberrime fasciata, laciniis caudato-acu- minatis, corona atropurpurea, exterioris squamis lineari-oblongis apice 8-lobis, lobis lateralibus rotundatis intermedio ovato v. calcariforme, interioris segmentis in rostra erecta productis, rostris dorso in alas verticales obtusas integerrimas dilatatis. S. gigantea, NV. FE. Brown in Gard. Chron. 1877, vol. i. p. 684 and 693, fig. 112, and 1888, vol. ii. p. 728, fig. 101. This, some Rafflesias and certain species of Aristolochia are the largest-flowered members of the vegetable kingdom, and, what is curious, all are most fetid and have lurid colours. They agree in no other characters ; they differ _altogether in habit and botanical affinity; and they inhabit widely distant parts of the world, namely, South Africa, Malaya, and Brazil. | The Giant Stapelia is a native of aiwnd, where it was discovered by Mr. R. W. Plant, a collector, some thirty — years ago, and sent by him to ‘the Botanical Gardens of D’ Urban, whence it was introduced into England by Mr. Cooper. It has also been collected by Gerrard, and there’ is a drawing of it in the Kew Herbarium, made by Mr. Sanderson of Natal, and specimens from the Umveloo — ‘River; and what is most curious, Mr. Brown informs me that he has received from Professor Macowan, of the Cape Town Botanical Gardens, a living specimen of the same species collected in Namaqua_ Land, on the opposite side of the African continent. In this respect itisexceptional, for the species of this genus for the most part occupy limited areas ; in other words, are as a — local. : Aveust i 1839. The specimen here represented was sent by Sir George MacLeay irom his rich collection at Pendell Court, where it flowered in October of last year; and is a cutting from the original plant imported by Mr. Cooper. There is a Specimen of it in the Royal Gardens, where it has not, flowered as yet. Descr. Stem as thick as the thumb, terete; branches erect, pubescent, pale green, four to eight inches long by one to nearly two broad, four-angled, obtuse ; angles compressed, rather acute, with small erect teeth, sides between the angles shallowly concave. Pedicels very stout, about one inch long, tomentose. Calyzx-lobes ovate- lanceolate, tomentose. Corolla twelve to fourteen inches broad, closely covered with erect soft hyaline hairs that are red brown over the whole surface of the corolla, but white and transparent on the margins of the segments, under surface yellowish mottled with green, upper dull yellowish with close-set short narrow undulate red-brown bars; central area three to three and a half inches in diameter, concave, margins rounded; segments ovate- lanceolate, gradually tapering into long points. Corona small, very dark red-purple; outer of five panduriformly- oblong spreading scales three-lobed at the top, the side lobes short rounded, the midlobe produced into a short spur; inner corona of five erect spiniform processes, as permis at the back into a quite entire obtuse wing. Fig. 1, Corona; 2, scale of outer corona; 3, segment of inner corona ; 4 and 5, pollinia with their corpuscles :—all enlarged. 7069 MS, del INFitdulith L Reeve &C° London Tas. 7069. CATASETUM GARNETTIANUM. Native of the Amazons River. Nat. Ord. OncuipEx.—Tribe VanpEZ. Genus Catasetum, Rich. ; (Benth. et Hook. F. Gen. Pl. vol. ii. p. 551.) Catasetum Garnettianum ; pumilum, pseudobulbis ovoideis demum fusiformi- bus vaginatis, foliis lanceolatis acuminatis 3-nervlis, racemis erectis paucifloris foliis longioribus, bracteis ovato-lanceolatis ovariis pedicellatis multo brevioribus, perianthio fuseo-purpureo albo-fasciato, sepalis oblongo- lanceolatis acutis concavis lateralibus deflexis dorsali petalisque erectis, labello lineari albo dorso medium versus gibboso, marginibus infra medium apiceque truncato ciliis longis crassis patentibus pectinato, columna elongata pallide virescente rubro-punctulata apice incurva. C. Garnettianum, Rolfe in Gard. Chron. 1888, vol. ii. p. 692. In habit and floral characters this species has, as Mr. Rolfe remarks, strong affinities with C. barbatum (My- anthus barbatus, Lindl. in Bot. Reg. t. 1778), and especially to its var. proboscoideum, Lindl. 1.¢. 1841, t. i es Jes From both it differs in the much paler flowers with broad bars of brown-purple on the sepals and petals. In the true barbatum the scape is red brown, the sepals and petals green spotted with purple, the lip is shorter, of a dirty rose colour, and fringed all round with cilia, and the back of the column is blood-red. In var. proboscoideum the petals are also green, spotted and partly barred with purple, the lip longer than the sepals, green, and its margins crinite with long cilia. It is, in fact, almost as different from barbatwm true as the latter is from Garnet- tianum. ‘Another closely allied species is C. cornutum, Lindl. in Bot. Reg. 1840, Mise. No. 182, and 1841, t. 5, f. 2, which with the sepals and petals of var. proboscoideum has a short triangular green purple-spotted ovate lip, and the cilia reduced to stout blunt processes. Still another is lanciferum, Lindl. l.c. f. 5, which has the sepals and petals of cornutum, and a lip approaching in shape to that of C. Garnettianum, but green, broader at the base, Auveust 1st, 1889. and with much longer cilia; Lindley suggests its being a variety of (. barbatum. A comparison of these excellent drawings in the Register suggests that lanciferum, bar- batum, and cornutum may be local forms of one variable species, and Garnettianum another, but very closely allied species, possibly to be connected by intermediates not hitherto known on cultivation. As to their localities, Garnettianum, barbatum, var. proboscoidewm, and lanct- ferum are natives of Brazil, the latter from the province. of Goyaz, and the variety from Sertao; whereas C. bar- batum itself and C.cornutwm are native in Demerara, the ng of the Massarony River, near the Falls of Wapo- pekai. More interesting in a scientific point of view than the variations in the perianth of Cataseta, is the now well- known sexual dimorphism of almost all the species of the genus. This dimorphism was misinterpreted by Mr. Darwin. The subject has been lately investigated by Mr. Rolfe, Assistant in the Herbarium of the Royal Gardens, and the results have been read before the Linnean Society, and alluded to in the “ Gardener’s Chronicle,”’ 1889, i. 407. Mr. Rolfe divides the genus into four sections, of which he has been so good as to give me the hitherto unpublished characters. They are :— 1, Eucatasetum. Flowers unisexual. Column of ¢ with a pair of deflexed filaments. Lip of both sexes posticous. 2. Myanthus. Flowers unisexual. Column of das in Hucatasetum. Lip of 3 anticous, of ? posticous. 8. Heirrhose. Flowers unisexual. Column of male without filaments (? flower unknown). 4. Pseudo-catasetum. Flowers hermaphrodite. C. Garneitianum belongs to the second section, The figure of it here given is from a plant presented to the Royal Gardens by P. F. Garnett, Esq., of South Bank, — Grassendale, Liverpool, who received it from the Amazons River in North Brazil in 1888. It flowered in a tropical @ house at Kew in the month of November.—J. D. H,. Fig. 1, Lip and column; 2, pollinia :—doth enlarged. 7070 MS.del,J NFitch ith. Vincent Brookes Day & Sun InP LReeve & C° London. Tas. 7070. G REVILLEA ASPLENIIFOLIA, Native of New South Wales. Nat. Ord. Protrace®.—Tribe Greviz EER. Genus GREVILLEA, Brown ; (Benth. et Hook.f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p- 180.) GreviLLEA (Hebegyne) aspleniifolia; frutex gracilis v. arbuscula, ramulis novellis sericeo-puberulis, foliis elongato-lineari-lanceolatis acutis mucro- natisve integerrimis serratis pinnatifidisve, supra glabris penninerviis, subtus albo- v. fulvo-sericeis enerviis costa prominula, racemis 1-2- pollicaribus sessilibus v. pedunculatis terminalibus v. in axillis supremis, floribus secundis breviter pedicellatis rachi perianthioque extus tomen- tosis, perianthii tubo angusto limbo revoluto subgloboso, toro recto, glandula semi-annulari, ovario subsessili villoso, stylo gracili glabro, stigmate obliquo convexo. G. aspleniifolia, Knight on Cult. of Protew, p. 120; Brown in Trans. Linn. Soc. vol. x. p. 175; Prodr. p. 379 ; Meissn. in DC. Prodr. vol. xiv. p. 376; Benth. Fl. Austral. vol. v. p. 435, G. longifolia, Brown Prot. Nov. p. 22; Meissn. 1. ce. G. Van Houtteana, Hort. It is much to be wished that the cultivation of the more beautiful and singular Proteacew of the Cape and Australia, which may be said to have been in abeyance for nearly a century, should be resumed. Miller in his “ Gardener’s Dictionary,’ Ed. 1770, has only three species. Aiton in the first edition of ‘‘ Hortus Kewensis ” (1789) enumerates sixty-four, and in the second (1811) this is increased to 114, The late J. Smith, who was Curator of the Royal Gardens from 1822 to 1864, states in his interesting “Records of the Royal Botanic Gardens” that of the sixty-four species which are recorded in the first edition of “ Hortus Kewensis,” forty of that number were in 1823 living in the garden, since which (that is, between 1823 and 1864) the Kew collection had been increased to 154. The number now is short of this (about 120), the Cape species being fewer in number; they are, however, replaced in point of horticultural interest by handsomer Australian species. Grevillea aspleniifolia is a native of various parts of the colony of New South Wales. The first specimens sent to England were from Caley, who was directed to proceed to Aveust lst, 1889. that colony in 1801 by Sir Joseph Banks, as collector for Kew, and who spent ten years there. The name and accompanying description first appear in a work published with the date 1809, entitled “On the Cultivation of Protex,”’ by Charles Knight, in which no fewer than 254 species of the Order are described, and, as might be inferred from the title of the work, though it is not so stated, were then in cultivation in England. Knight wasa Nurseryman in King’s Road, Chelsea, and it is generally admitted that Salisbury was the author of the descriptions, though neither is this stated in the work, which is quoted by Meissner and others as by “Knight and Salisbury.” It is pre- sumable that the descriptions published by Knight were drawn up in the Banksian Herbarium from materials pre- pared by Brown for his “‘ Flora Australiensis,” for in Brown’s paper “On the Proteaceze of Jussieu,” read before the Linnean Society in July, 1809, P. aspleniifolia appears as a species with no citation of other authority, but with the observation that it exists m the Banksian Herbarium ; whereas in the “Prodromus Florez Nove Hollandiz,” published only a year later, Knight’s work is cited as the authority for the name, and Caley as the discoverer of the species. Those who are cognizant of the rivalries of the botanists of the early part of this century, and espe- cially as regards the publication of Australian plants, will draw their own conclusion as to the real authorship of the species. Descr. A shrub or small tree, twelve to fifteen feet high; branches slender, young minutely silky. Leaves four to ten inches, shortly petioled, linear-lanceolate, entire toothed serrate or pinnatifid, glabrous and bright green above ; beneath silky, white or fulvous; midrib distinct. Racemes one to two inches long, erect, sessile or shortly peduncled, slender, terminal or subterminal, minutely — tomentose; flowers secund, shortly pedicelled. Perianth one-half to two-thirds of an inch long, silkily pubescent, pale pink streaked with red; tube-cylindric; limb revolute, subglobose. ‘Torus short,.nearly straight; gland small, tumid, semi-annular. Ovary shortly stipitate, villous; style long, bright red, stigma oblique.—J. D. H. Fig. 1, Flower; 2, vertical section of perianth; 3, ovary and gland all enlarged. — * 7 ass MS del, JN Fitch th Vincent Brooks Day & Sonimp L Reeve & C2 London Tas. 7071. BERBERIS ancotosa. Native of the Himalaya, Nat. Ord. Bexsertoex.—Tribe BerBERER. Genus Berseris, Linn.; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. i. p. 43.) BERBERIs angulosa ; frutex erectus, ramulis erectis virgatis strictis puberulis, spinis 3-5-fidis, foliis deciduis 1-1}-pollicaribus obovatis oblanceolatisve marginibus incrassatis integerrimis v. distanter spinuloso-subserratis, apice rotundatis acutisve muticis v. aristulatis, floribus majusculis soli- tariis, pedicellis decurvis, sepalis extimis oblongis interioribus wquilongis sed multoties angustioribus, baccis magnis globoso-obovoideis rubris 5-7- Spermis, stigmate subsessili pulvinato. B. angulosa, Wall. Cat. 1475 ex parte. Hook. f. & Thoms. Fl. Indic., 227 ; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vol. i. p- 111. Berberis angulosa is a rare Himalayan species, and one of the largest flowered and fruited of the thirteen found in that mountain range; it is also one of the most distinct, though referred by Lindley to the racemose B. aristata, which he has by error published as B. umbellata, Wall. (Bot. Reg. 1844, t. 44). It was discovered early in the century by Mr. Blinkworth in Kumaon, and gathered later by Wallich in Nepal, and by myself in the adjacent pro- vince of Sikkim, at elevations of 11,000 to 13,000 feet. The only evidence of its occurring elsewhere in the Himalaya is the specimen here figured, which was sent in flower to Kew by Thomas Acton, Esq., of Kilmacurragh, Rathdrum, Ireland, in May 1888, and the fruit in October of the same year, with the information that it was raised from seed obtained from Cashmir by his brother, Colonel Ball Acton. In the Kew Herbarium there are specimens raisea from seed sent to the Edinburgh Botanical Garden by Mr. Gumbleton in 1885, and others sent to Kew by Mr. Gumbleton himself in 1887. In Sikkim B. angulosa forms a shrub four feet high and more, often accompanying the beautiful little B. concinna (Plate 4744). It grows at a greater elevation than any other of the larger shrubby species except B. macrosepala Aveust lst, 1889, (Plate 4744), and forms a striking object in autumn from the rich golden yellow and red colouring of the foliage. The fruit is eatable, being less acid than in the common species of Europe and Asia. Descr. An erect bush, four feet high and upwards, with stout angled and grooved erect puberulous branches ; spines three- to five-branched, slender. Leaves deciduous, fascicled, one to one and a half inches long, sessile or narrowed into a short petiole, obovate or oblanceolate, quite entire or with a few spinous teeth on the thickened margin, tip rounded, apiculate or aristate, thinly coriaceous, often puberulous beneath, opaque above, rather shining beneath, scarlet and yellow in decay. Peduncles solitary or fascicled, very rarely two-fid., decurved, about two- thirds of an inch long. Flower one-half to two-thirds of an inch in diameter, pale golden yellow. Outer sepals _ narrowly oblong, inner as long but nearly twice as broad ; petals obovate, tip rounded, pale yellow. Berry two-thirds of an inch long, globosely obovoid, scarlet, five- to six- seeded; style very short or 0, stigma pulvinate— Ji Deis : Fig. 1, Petal; 2, stamen; 3, ovary :—all enlarged. 7072 Tas. 7072. ANOIGANTHUS BREVIFLORUS. Native of Cape Colony and Natal. Nat. Ord. AMARYLLIDE®.—Tribe eeietciek: Genus Anorcantuus, Baker ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen, Pl. vol. iii. p. 722.) Anoreantuus brevifiorus ; bulbo ovoideo tunicis brunneis membranaceis supra collum productis, foliis synanthiis anguste loratis, viridibus erectis glabris, pedunculo tereti, umbellis 2-10-floris pedicellis elongatis, spathe valvis binis lanceolatis magnis, perianthio luteo, tubo brevi infundibulari segmentis oblongo-lanceolatis ascendentibus tubo 3-4-plo longioribus, staminibus distincte biseriatis filamentis brevibus, fructu oblongo. A. breviflorus, Baker in Journ. Bot. 1878, p.76; Handb. Amaryll. p. 27. Cyrtanthus breviflorus, Harv. Thes. Cap. vol. ii. p. 25, t. 139, This is a very acceptable addition to our stock of culti- vated Cape bulbs. It appears to have been first gathered by Krauss in Natal about 1840, and has since been found to be spread through all the eastern regions of Cape Colony, ascending the mountains to five thousand or six thousand feet. It was first described and figured by Dr. Harvey in 1863. He placed it in the genus Cyrtanthus, but it differs widely from the true Cyrtanthi, both in its perianth and stamens. Our plants grown at Kew were received from Mr. J. M. Wood, of the Natal Botanic Garden, and from Mr. R. W. Adlam. With us it grows and flowers freely in an open border where it is protected from frost, and | has matured a good supply of seed. Our drawing was made from a plant that flowered at Kew last July. I formerly thought that there were two species, but now regard them as extreme forms of one. Descr. Bulb ovoid; outer tunics membranous, brown, produced for some distance above its neck. Leaves three or four to a bulb, contemporary with the flowers, narrow lorate, obtuse, a foot or a foot and a half long, half or three-quarters of an inch broad, green, glabrous, channelled down the face. Peduncle subterete, half a foot or a foot long. lowers from two to ten in an umbel; pedicels one Aveust Ist, 1889. or two inches long; spathe-valves two, large, lanceolate. Ovary oblong-trigonous, green, with many superposed ovules in each cell. Perianth bright yellow, an inch or an inch and a half long; segments oblong-lanceolate, three or four times as long as the funnel-shaped tube. Stamens erect, inserted in two distinct rows, one at the throat of the perianth-tube, and the other above the middle of it. Style overtopping the anthers, tricuspidate at the tip. Capsule oblong, an inch long, loculicidally three-valved down to the base. Seeds flat, oblong,, black.—J. G. Baker. Fig. 1, A flower, cut open, life-size ; 2, back view of anther; 3 front view of anther; 4, apex of style, with stigmas :—al/ enlarged. 7073 Son inp ee Day & Vincent Brooks, Tas. 7073. ARISTOLOCHLIA urns. Native of Venezuela. Nat. Ord. ARISTOLOcHIACEZ.—Tribe ARISTOLOCHIER. Genus AnristoLocula, Linn. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vel. iii. p. 123.) AristoLocHia (Bilabiate) hians; glaberrima, caule gracili volubili, foliis reniformibus subtus glaucescentibus, sinu lato profundo, auriculis rotun- datis, pseudostipulis sessilibus reniformibus, floribus longe pedunculatis magnis, périanthii' utriculo obovoideo-obconico inflato (ventriculiformi) sordide rubro-purpureo basi viridi, nervis viridibus costato, intus infra faucem discis 2 auriculeformibus pubescentibus instructo, tubo brevi intus villoso, labio superiore longissimo inferiore longiore ensiformi recto v. subrecurvo acuminato pallide brunneo costis flavis, superiore longe unguiculato in laminam amplam orbiculatam 2-fidam brunneo irroratam repente ampliato, staminibus 6, A.hians, Willd. in Mem. Soc. d. Nat. Mosc. vol. ii. (1809), p. 100, t. 5; Duchartre in DC. Prodr. vol. xv. pt. i. p. 472; N.E. Brown in Gard. Chron. 1887, vol. i. p. 40. Howardia hians, Klotzsch in Monatsh. Berl. Acad. 1859, p. 617. A near ally of A. brasiliensis, Mart. and Zuce. (A. orni- thocephala, Hook. Tab. nostr. 4120), -differing chiefly in the much longer upper lip of the perianth; the flowers also are less brightly coloured. It isa native of Venezuela, whence there are specimens in the Kew Herbarium col- lected near Tovar by Fendler in 1854-5, and by E. Otto in 1859. There is also a specimen from South Brazil collected in St. Catharina by Fritz Mueller, which has by accident been in Martius’s Flora Brasiliensis referred to A, brasiliensis. It may not be indigenous in 8. Brazil. It has been long cultivated in Kew, and flowers in the months of August and September. The flowers emit a strong stench, as is the case with its allies. - Descr. A lofty glabrous twining climber; stems terete. Leaves petioled, three to five inches in diameter, rounded- reniform, with a broad deep sinus and rounded auricles, bright green above, pale or subglaucous beneath, and closely reticulated ; petiole two to four inches long; sti- pules one-half to one inch broad, sessile, reniform. Flowers Serremper Ist, 1889. : axillary, solitary; peduncle three to five inches long. Utricle of perianth the form of the human stomach, two to two and a half inches long, green at the base, dirty purple beyond it with broad dull-green ribs, glandular within on the eoncave surface, and with two collateral suborbicular auricle-like pubescent disks or calli just -within the throat on the opposite side to the glandular ; tube short, villous within; upper lip five to eight inches long, sword-shaped, acuminate, slightly recurved, pale brown with broad yellow ribs; lower lip clawed, the claw about one inch long by one-third of an inch broad, linear, keeled by a stout midrib, waved, clouded with brown and yellow, suddenly dilating into a suborbicular two-lobed limb three to four inches in diameter, which is yellowish reticulate with red-brown nerves on the under surface, and brown . _ mottled with darker brown on the upper. Stamens six; anthers obtuse. Capsule five inches long, clavate, nar- rowed into a long stipes.—J. D. H. Fig. 1, Ventricle and tube of perianth laid open, showing the glandular surfaces, pubescent disks, and column of stamens; 2, portion of the glandular surface ; 3, staminal column :—all but jig. 1 enlarged. * 7074 | ~ ay & Son imp Brooks D 8 B Tas. 7074, EUCALYPTUS srricra. Native of New South Wales. Nat. Ord. Myrracem.—Tribe LeprosPERMEz. Genus Evcatyrtus, L’ Hér. ; (Benth. et Hook.f. Gen. Pl. vol. i. p. 707.) Evcatyptus (Renanthere) stricta; frutex v. arbor parva, foliis linearibus v. lneari-lanceolatis crassiusculis utrinque nitidis venis obscuris obliquis, pedunculis solitariis brevibus teretiusculis 4-8-floris, floribus parvis breviuscule pedicellatis, alabastris ovoideis, calyce vix } poll. diam., operculo tubo breviore depresso-hemispherico v. conico granulato, sta- minibus calycem subequantibus alabastro inflexis, antheris minutis globoso-reniformibus, loculis parallelis demum rimis divergentibus dehis- centibus, fructu } poll. diam. globoso-truncata levi, oris margine acuta, valvis capsule inclusis. E. stricta, Sieber in Spreng. Syst. Cur. Post., p. 195; DC. Prodr. vol. iii. p. 218; Benth. Fl. Austral. vol. iii. p. 217 (exel. syn.). E. virgata, Sieber 1. c. p. 195; DC. 1. c. p. 217. E. cneorifolia, DC. Mem. Myrt. t. 9. E. Luehmaniana, F. Muell. Fragm. Phyt. vol. xi. p. 38. No genus in the vegetable kingdom contains species more variable, or more difficult to define, than Hucalyptus, and of this H. stricta is a conspicuous example; for amongst the many forms of it preserved in the Herbarium of Kew, and which present leaves varying from linear to elliptic-lanceolate, from two to five inches long, and from a quarter to upwards of half an inch broad, and from obtuse _to acute or acuminate, there is none at all resembling that here figured in the slender long pendulous branches and very narrow flexuous leaves. These differences in characters and habit may, however, be attributed to the difference in respect of humidity of the Temperate House at Kew in which the specimen figured was grown, and the compara- tively dry climate of New South Wales. In his most valuable ‘‘ Eucalyptographia,” Baron von Mueller has discussed the intricate synonymy of this variable species, and corrects some of Mr. Bentham’s observations, into the details of which it is not necessary to go here. Of these the most important point is that whereas in the Flora Australiensis HE. stricta is referred to SEPTEMBER Ist, 1889. the section Micranthere, Mueller places it under his Renanthere characterized by the anthers opening upwards by divergent slits. The present is the eighth species of the genus figured in the Borantcat Magazine, the others being H. amygdalina, Lab., t. 3260; H. coccifera, Hook. f., t. 4637; EH. cornuta, Lab., t. 6140; H. macrocarpa, Hook., t. 4383; H. Preis- siana, Schau., t. 4266; H. pulverulenta, Sims, t. 2087; and E. splachnicarpa, Hook., t. 4036. Ofthese H. splachnicarpa is referable to H. calophylla, Br. Eucalyptus stricta is a not uncommon shrub or small tree in New South Wales, and I gathered it myself on the road from Sydney to Botany Bay in 1841. It occurs from near the coast to an elevation of 4000 feet on the Blue Mountains, occasionally attaining a height of fifty feet in the lower levels, and a diameter of trunk of ten inches; more often, however, it forms a bush or small tree three to twenty feet in height.. The Colonial names for it, according to Bentham, are Muzzle-wood and Green-back Gum-tree, but Von Mueller confines the name of Muzzle- wood to H. stellulata. The wood makes a good fuel, and the tree yields a good deal of kino, an astringent resin which abounds in other species. The specimen here figured is from a plant about thirty feet high in the Tem- perate House at Kew, raised from seed probably sent by that indefatigable correspondent of the Gardens, Baron von Mueller.—J. D. H. Fig. 1, Portion of leaf; 2, bud with operculum removed; 3, operculum ; 4 and 5, front and back view of stamen; 6, calyx after the fall of the stamen ; 7, fruit, from Herbarium specimens :— all but fig. 7 enlarged. 2 Lendor. LReeve & Tas. 7075. BERBERIS Lycrum. Native of the Western Himalaya. Nat. Ord. Bexseripex.—Tribe BERBERER. Genus Berseris, Linn. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. i. p. 43.) Berseris Lycium; frutex glaberrimus, ramulis gracilibus, spinis 3-fidis, foliis fasciculatis oblanceolatis apiculatis integerrimis rarius spinuloso- dentatis rigidiusculis subtus pallidis glaucis, racemis gracilibus multi- floris, floribus gracile pedicellatis, sepalis 3 exterioribus minutis 3 interioribus petalis obovatis dimidio minoribus, baccis ellipsoideis sub- acutis, stylo brevi gracili, stigmate parvo pulvinato. B. Lycium, Royle in Trans. Linn. Soc. vol. xvii. p. 94, and Ill, Plant. imal. p. 64 (ewel. syn.) ; Flick. § Hanbury Pharmacogr. p. 34 ; Drury Useful P?., of India, p. 76; Brandis For. Fl. p. 12; Stewart Panjab Pl. p. 7; Hook. f. & Thoms, Fl. Ind. p.225; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vol. i. p- 110. B. elegans, Hort. - B. aurahuacensis, Hort. Frebel. A very interesting plant, the subject of a learned treatise by the late Dr. Royle, published in the Transac- tions of the Linnean Society, in which it is shown to be one of the species of Barberry that yields the Indian Juycium of Dioscorides. The latter author mentions two species of Lycium as used for diseases of the eyes, a Grecian and an Indian, of which the latter is the most efficacious ; and the key to the identification of the Indian Lycium with the genus Berberis is the fact of Dioscorides giving it the Arabian name of Hooziz, which is the equi- _ valent for the Hindoo Rusot, and this again is the name applied to the various Indian species of Berberis which are used in native practice for diseases of the eye. Referring to its use, Dr. Royle says, “‘ The rusot is at the present day procurable in every bazaar in India, and is used by native practitioners, who are fond of applying it both in incipient and chronic inflammation of the eye, and in the latter state both simply and in combination with opium and alum. It is sometimes prescribed by European practitioners; and I have heard that it was found very efficacious by Mr. M‘Dowell in the ophthalmia of soldiers who had returned from the expedition to Serremper Ist, 1889. — Egypt. I have myself occasionally prescribed it, and the native mode of application makes it peculiarly eligible i in cases succeeding acute inflammation, when the eye remains much swollen. The extract is by native practitioners in such cases rubbed into a proper consistence with a little water, sometimes with the addition of opium and alum, and applied in a thick layer over the swollen eyelids; the addition of a little oil I have found preferable, as prevent- ing the too rapid desiccation. Patients generally express themselves as experiencing considerable relief from the application.” ‘T’o this may be added that it is a recog- nized drug of the Official Pharmacopoeia of India, and is used by natives in the treatment of fevers of all kinds, diarrhcea, dyspepsia, and general debility. A most interesting account of the history of the Indian Lycium is contained in the Pharmacographia of Flickiger and Hanbury, where it is stated that it is mentioned by the author of the Periplus, who lived about the first century, as an export from the Indies, and that in the second century a duty was levied on it at the Roman custom house of Alexandria; also that it was preserved in singular little jars which are now to be found in collections of Greek _ antiquities. The other species of Indian Berberis employed for this purpose are B. aristata, asiatica, and nepalensis, and the drug is an extract of the wood of the stem and root, called in Hindoo medicine dar-huld. Berberis Lycium has a wide range in the Himalaya, from Kumaon westward to Kashmir, at elevations of 3000 to 9000 feet, and has been also found beyond the Indus in the province of Hazara. The fruit, which is ofa beautiful purple colour and covered witha delicate bloom, i is eatable, and as I have been informed is exported in a dried state. In habit the species resembles B. vulgaris, also a Western Himalayan plant, but the leaves are coriaceous, the berries terete, of a very different colour, and the style is quite distinct. The specimen figured is from a plant growing in the arboretum of the Royal Gardens, which flowers in _ June and fruits in September.—J. D. H. Fig. 1, Flower; 2, petal and stamen; 3, anther deuiaced: 4, ovary 5 5 ed —all enlarged. - M S.del E Bates bth T Reave & C? Lemdon Tas. 7076. EREMURUS uaimatatcus. Native of the Western Himalayas, Nat. Ord. Littacex.—Tribe AsrHOpELEE. Genus Eremurus, M. Bieb. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p. 787.) Enremurvs himalaicus ; fibris radicalibus carnosis, foliis lanceolatis bipedalibus flaccidis obscure ciliatis, pedunculo stricto foliis duplo longiori, racemo denso 1-2-pedali, pedicellis strictis flore longioribus apice articulatis, bracteis parvis lineari-subulatis, perianthii segmentis oblongis albis dis- tincte fusco-vittatis, genitalibus perianthio equilongis, seminibus brunneis acute angulatis. E. himalaicus, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. vol. xv. p. 283 ; Regel Descr. fasc. ix. p- 80; Gard. Chron. N.S. 1881, vol. i. p. 50, fg. 11. About thirty species of this fine genus are now known, at least twenty of which have been discovered during the last generation in Central Asia. The present is the only species known in the Himalayas, and it is perfectly distinet from H. Olge of Turkestan, which Dr. Regel has doubted. It is a very striking plant, reaching a height of six or. seven feet, with hundreds of pure white flowers, with segments narrowly banded with brown. Although it is widely spread in the Western Himalayas, at a height from seven thousand to ten thousand feet above sea-level, and produces seed freely, it does not appear to have been introduced into cultivation till within the last ten years. | It was flowered by the late Rev. H. Harpur Crewe in 1881. Our drawing was made in the herbaceous ground at Kew last June. Mr. W. EH. Gumbleton, who has cultivated several of the species in the south-west of Ireland, informs - us that this is the first of all of them to come into flower, beginning, with him, at the middle of May. Desor. Root-fibres fleshy, cylindrical, densely fascicled. Leaves many in a dense radical rosette, lanceolate, flaccid, obscurely ciliated, reaching a length of two feet or more. Peduncle terete, stiffly erect, twice as long as the leaves, bearing only a few empty bracts. aceme dense, one or _ | _ two feet long, three or four inches in diameter when fully © expanded; pedicels ascending or spreading, articulated SEPTEMBER Ist, 1889. cd at the tip, the lower an inch or more long; bracts small, linear-subulate. Expanded flower an inch in diameter ; segments oblong, pure white, with a distinct one-nerved keel of brown. Stamens as long as the perianth-segments ; filaments filiform; anthers small, oblong, yellow. Ovary globose; style as long as the stamens. Capsule subglobose, half an inch in diameter. Seeds brown, acutely angled.— J. G. Baker. Fig. 1, Bract; 2, front view of anther; 3, back view of anther ; 4, pistil :-— all enlarged. Vancertt Brooks,Day & Son Lmp Bates lith. “M.S .del £ at onde T A Reeve & C° L Tab. 7077. ARACHNANTHE Cuarkxet. Native of the Bastern Himalaya. Nat. Ord. OrncHIDE®.—Tribe VANDEZ. Genus AracHNANTHE, Blume ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p. 572.) Aracuynantue Clarkei; caule subcompresso, foliis loratis apice 2-lobis lobis rotundatis, pedunculo foliis breviore robusto 2-3-flore vaginis appressis, floribus amplis aurantiacis cinnamomeo fasciatis, sepalo dorsali erecto elongato lineari sursum sensim ampliato obtuso, lateralibus petalisque consimilibus sed falcato-decurvis, labelli pallide cinnamomei aurantiaco striati breviter unguiculati lobis lateralibus rotundatis incurvis, terminali subquadrato 8-fido, disco lamellato 7-9-carinato. A. Clarkei, Rolfe in Gard. Chron. 1888, vol. ii. p. 567. Esmeralda Clarkei, Reichb. f. in Gard. Chron, 1886, vol. ii. p. 552. Vanda Clarkei, NV. EF. Br. in Kew Bull. 1888, p. 112. The genus Arachnanthe was established by Blume in his beautiful work, ‘“‘ Rumphia,” where it replaces his older name of Arachnis, published in the Bijdragen, which he proposed for the Hpidendrum Flos Aeris of Linneus, and to which he gave the name of Arachnis moschifera. The latter is a magnificent Orchid supposed to be a native of Japan, being figured in Keompfer’s Ameoenitates (p. 868), but which is more probably only cultivated in that archipelago. It has been collected in Borneo, Java, and inthe Malay Peninsula, at Perak, by the collectors sent by Dr. King from the Calcutta Botanical Gardens. The nearest ally of A. Clarkei is A. Cathcarti (Benth. in Gen. Plant. iii. 578), the Vanda Cathearti, Hook. f., figured in this work (Tab. 5845), upon which Reichenbach founded the genus Hsmeralda, distinguishing it from Vanda by the lip being articulate with the column and mobile. T'o this character may be added the flat leaves of a flaccidly coriaceous consistence, and twisted at the base so as to > lie all in one place. In the true Vandas the leaves are, when not terete, typically rigidly coriaceous, recurved and keeled. Bentham was the first to reduce Hsmeralda SepremBeR Ist, 1889. to Arachnanthe, adding to it Vanda Lowti (Tab. 5475) and the genera Arhynchium, Lindl. in Paxt. Fl. Gard. vol. 1. p- 142 (Renanthera bilinguis, Reichb. f. Xen. Orchid. vol. i. p- 88 and 240, t.4), and Ammodorum, Breda (Aerides Sculingi, Blume). To these there is to be added a very fine species _ discovered by the late Dr. Maingay in Malacca, and which I propose to call A. Maingayi. It has flowers two inches in diameter, in spreading panicles sometimes three feet long, and broadly obovate lateral sepals; its colours are _ not recorded, but it is no doubt well worth cultivation. Arachnanthe Clarkei was discovered by the indefatigable botanist whose labours it commemorates, in the Sikkim Himalaya at an elevation of 6000 feet (not 8000, as stated by Reichenbach). There are two beautiful figures of it made in Sikkim in a collection of Orchid drawings kindly _ lent by Dr. King, of the Calcutta Botanical Gardens; a- _ third of a flower alone, in the Kew collection of drawings, was made by the late Dr. Jerdon, and marked as from Bhotan and the Khasia Hills (the latter I should think very doubtful) ; a fourth occurs in a collection of drawings (also belonging to the Calcutta Botanical Gardens) made by the late Mr. Simons in the Bhotan Hills. The specimen figured flowered in the Royal Gardens, Kew, in September of last year, and was received from Mr. Pantling, who collected it in Sikkim.—J. D. H. Fig. 1, Lip; 2, column; 3, anther; 4 ana 5, pollinia, with their remarkable strap :—all enlarged. , VincenttBrocks Day & Son imp MS.del JN Fitch. in we LReeve & © : & C° London. a ee icine ie » i. Ai Tas. 7078, DRACAINA marmorata. Native of Singapore. Nat. Ord. Lintackaz.—Tribe Dracmne. Genus Dracana, Linn.; (Benth. et Hook.f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p. 779.) Draczana marmorata ; fruticosa, caule elongato simplici, foliis sessilibus lan- ceolatis magnis confertis recurvatis plicatis albo-marmoratis, floribus in paniculam angustam ramis brevibus ascendentibus dense racemosis dis- positis, pedicellis brevibus medio articulatis, bracteis brevibus suborbicu- laribus, perianthii segmentis tubo cylindrico longioribus, staminibus segmentis zquilongis. This fine new tropical species of Dracwna was received in a living state at Kew in 1882 from the Botanic Garden of Singapore. It flowered with us for the first time in the early months of 1888. It is allied to D. arborea, Smithit and Cantleyi, the last a new species named after and discovered by the late Mr. Cantley, for Some time Curator of the Singapore Garden, which has not yet been introduced into cultivation in Europe. The most striking characteristic of the present plant from a horticultural point of view is its very large sessile plicate bright green leaves, copiously marbled with white. Our drawing was made from the plant that flowered in the Palm House at Kew. | Descr. Stem simple, elongated. Leaves crowded, sessile, lanceolate, recurved, plicate, bright green, copiously marbled with white, reaching a length of three feet and a breadth of nearly four inches at the middle, with a midrib which is very distinct towards the base but lost towards the tip. Panicle narrow, erect, reaching a length of one and a half or two feet, with many short erecto-patent _ densely racemose branches; pedicels a quarter or a third of an inch long, not more than two in a cluster; bracts small, suborbicular. Perianth greenish-white, under an inch long; tube subcylindrical ; segments twice as long as Octosen 1st, 1889, the tube. Stamens as long as the perianth-segments, in- serted at the throat of the tube. Style with ovary finally an inch long; stigma capitate-—J. G. Baker. Fig. 1, An unexpanded flower; 2, perianth cut open, with stamens ; 3, flower complete; 4, pistil:—ad? enlarged. 7079. / \ \ LReeve & C° London, Tas. 7083. - CARLUDOVICA ROTUNDIFOLIA. Native of Costa Rica. Nat. Ord. CycLantHacexz.—Tribe CaRLUDOVICER. Genus Cariupovica, Ruiz § Pav.; (Benth. et Hook.f. Gen. Pi. vol. iii. p. 953.) Cartupovica rotundifolia; foliorum lamina 4 ped, diametr. semi-orbiculari basi cordata fere 3-partita v. segmento medio fisso 4-partita, segmentis - multifidis, petiolo 6-8-pedali tenuiter furfuraceo, scapo pedali, spadice 8 poll. longo cylindraceo, fl. masc. compresso cuneato, staminibus innu- meris, fl. foom. perianthii minuti segmentis ovatis apiculatis, stami- nodiis longissimis gracillimis tortis, stylis depresso-globosis radiantibus, stigmatibus pulvinatis, syncarpio 6-8 pollicari decurvo cylindraceo. C. rotundifolia, Wendland mss. This noble species is nearly allied to the well-known 0. palmata (of the leaves of which Panama hats are manu- factured), from which it differs in its much larger size, the leaf being at least four feet broad, and the ‘petiole six to nine feet high, as against a leaf hardly three feet broad, and a petiole four feet high in C. palmata ; moreover, the latter again, which is smooth, glossy, and little over one-third of an inch in diameter in C. palmata, isin this nearly two-thirds of an inch in diameter, and of a dull green, opaque, and covered with a very thin coat of furfuraceous pubes- cence that is very fugacious. Traces of a similar pubes- cence are to be found out at the top of the very young petiole of C. palmata. Then again the spadix, which in the last-named species is only four inches long, in this is eight inches with a scape nearly an inch in diameter. Lastly, the staminodes of C. palinata are very stout, and only one inch long, whereas those of the present species are filiform, and at least six inches long. , In the above comparison I have relied for the characters of C. palmata upon the beautiful figures and description given by Drude in Martiu’s Flora of Brazil, Cyclanth. p- 234, t. 54 and 55, fig. 2. The name palmata is, how- ever, probably very loosely applied, and to more than one species of Carludovica, for specimens so named, received from the Botanical Gardens of Jamaica, are undoubtedly C. rotundifolia. “November Isr, 1889. C. rotundifolia was received by the Royal Gardens from Dr. Wendland, Director of the Herrenhausen Gardens, which are perhaps the richest in Europe in Cyclanthacee and Palms. It is a native of Costa Rica, and flowered in the Palm House at Kew for the first time in 1876. Descr. Leaves very many from the root ; petiole eight to nine feet high and two-thirds of an inch in diameter, nearly terete, dark green clothed with a minute furfuraceous ‘ evanescent pubescence; blade of leaf four feet and up- wards in diameter, half-orbicular, base cordate, three- partite or through the fission of the middle segment four- partite ; segments broadly cuneate, margin multifid, the lobules one inch in diameter, acuminate, bright and shiny green above, three-nerved and opaque beneath, the lateral nerves towards the outer margin of the middle segment. Scape about a foot high, strict, erect in flower, nearly one inch in diameter. Spadizx eight inches long, densely clothed with interlaced tortuous very slender staminodes six to eight inches long. Male flowers about half an inch long, broadly cuneiform, compressed ; perianth segments many, very minute, ovate, apiculate; stamens minute, erect, crowded; filaments very short; anthers linear-oblong. Fem. flowers confluent; perianth segments four, minute, ovate, apiculate. Styles four, depressed, obliquely and gibbously globose or ovoid, each crowned with a pulvinate stigma. ruiting spadix seven inches long by one and a half broad, decurved, terete, tessellate, greenish-brown without, bright orange-red within; fruits cohering in a mass which breaks away from the scarlet pitted axis, exposing the ripe carpels in a fleshy bright orange-red mass. — . . . Fig. 1, Male flower ; 2, perianth segments of male; 3 and 4, anthers; 5, fem. flower with one staminode; 6,the same more advanced and the staminodes cut away :—all enlarged. 708 4. -- MS.del, IN-Eitch, lith. Tas. 7084, IRIS BAKERIANA. Native of Armenia, Nat. Ord. Inmex.—Tribe Mor#Ez. Genus Ints, Linn. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p. 686.) Iris (Xiphion) Bakeriana ; bulbo ovoideo tunicis fibroso-reticulatis, foliis 3-4 subulatis mucronatis cavis glaucescentibus conspicue 8-costatis vagina membranacea .communi vestitis, floribus solitariis subsessilibus, spathis elongatis cylindricis, valvis lanceolatis apice membranaceis, perianthii tubo elongato exserto, segmentis exterioribus lamina ovata -retlexa sursum et margine saturate violacea deorsum pallida punctis parvis violaceis decorata et lined lutea carinata ungue ascendente triplo breviori, seg- mentis interioribus oblanceolatis lilacinis, styli cristis magnis sub- quadratis. This beautiful new species is a native of Armenia, and for its discovery we are indebted to the Rev. G. F. Gates of the American Mission. It flowers in February and March, and some, if not all the blooms are strongly and delightfully fragrant, with the odour of violets. It comes very near I. reticulata, but the cylindrical, not tetragonal, leaves clearly differentiate it as a distinct species. As minor differences may be noted the absence of any marked — erest or ridge on the fall, the more ovate and more pointed blade of the fall and the flange at its base. The coloura- tion, though approached by that of the variety of reticulata known as cyanea, is very distinct. I am convinced that when it becomes well known it will prove a great favourite. This and the fact of morphological interest, that though so closely allied to reticulata, it differs in not possessing what we were led to regard as a fundamental character of reticulata, the tetragonal leaves, have led me to name it after one who has done so much to advance our knowledge oi Iris, my friend, Mr. J. G. Baker. The drawing was made from plants that flowered at Shelford in February - and March. 3 : Desor. Bulb small, ovoid, the outer coats formed of strong parallel fibres connected by short oblique meshes. Novemser Ist, 1889. Leaves three or four to a bulb, subulate, hollow, furnished . with eight conspicuous ridges in long spirals, glaucous green, a fifth of an inch in diameter, six or nine inches long at the flowering time, finally a foot or more long, furnished as in J. reticulata with a horny tip, and the whole invested at the base with a membranous sheath. Flower single, with only a short peduncle buried during flowering but subsequently raising the ripe capsule to the surface of the soil; spathe cylindrical; valves un- equal, lanceolate, greenish by reason of their conspicuous green veins. Perianth-tube about three inches long, ex- serted a little from the spathe. Outer segments with a long obovate-elliptical claw, separated by a constriction from the small reflexed ovate blade. The blade is in the upper half and on its edges an intense pure violet in the lower part is marked with small violet spots on a creamy- white ground, and is furnished with an inconspicuous yellow streak not raised into a ridge; the latter is prolonged down the claw; this latter is marked by oblique parallel lilac streaks on a pale ground. Inner segments rather shorter, erect, oblanceolate, plain lilac. Style-branches an inch long; crests large, subquadrate, lilac. Anthers violet, equal in length to the filaments ; pollen yellow.—M. Foster. Fig. 1. Section of the leaf; 2, face of anther; 3, back of anther; 4, branch of style :—al/ enlarged. MS.del, J N.Fitch,lith. L Reeve & C? London. ft “a: > ‘Encent Brooks Day & Son,imp. Tas. 7085. XYLOBIUM LEONTOGLOSSUM. Native of New Grenada. Nat. Ord. OncHIpEm.—Tribe VANDER. Genus Maxiarta, Lindl.; (Benth. et Hook.f. Gen. Pi. vol. iii. p. 547.) XyLosiuM leontoglossum ; pseudobulbis confertis fusiformibus, folio petiolato elliptico-lanceolato acuto plicato, scapo robusto vaginato inclinato, vaginis laxis acutis, racemo oblongo v. cylindraceo nutante densifloro, bracteis minutis triangularibus, pedicellis brevissimis, foribus flavis rubro- unctatis, sepalo dorsali oblongo acuto, lateralibus oblongo-lanceolatis . asi gibbis, mento rotundato, labelli oblongi lobis lateralibus angustis apice rotundatis apicibus loboque terminali rotundato carnoso granulatis, disco hypochili 3-carinato. X. leontoglossum, Benth. in Gen, Plant. vol. iii. p. 547 ; Rolfe in Gard. Chron. 1889, 1. 458, Moxilias. leontoglossa, Reichb. f. in Bonpland. vol. iii. p. 67; Walp. Ann. vi. 509. Xylobium, Lindl., is an offshoot of the vast American assemblage of Orchids formerly included under Maviilaria. It was proposed by Lindley in 1823 for the reception of his Mazillaria squalens (Dendrobium squalens, Bot. Reg. t. 732), and the sole character given was, that there were only two pollen-masses. Later, in 1832, in an enumeration of Mawillariee under M. decolor (Bot. Reg. t. 1549), Lindley reduced his Xylobium to a section of Mawillaria, characterized by the superior lip alone, nothing being said of the pollen; and in the same year, in the “ Genera et Species Orchidearum,” its reduction is upheld on the same grounds. : In this Magazine my predecessor, in describing M. squalens (Plate 2955), observes that Xylobiwm differs in no way from Mazillaria; and Reichenbach in Walper’s Annales characterizes it as a section of Mazillaria, by the spicate inflorescence alone, paying no regard to the foliage, position of the lip, or pollen. Finally, in the Genera Plantarum Xylobiwm is restored by Bentham to generic rank, and placed next to Bifrenaria in the subtribe Cyrtopodiee on account of its plicate leaves, Mazillaria being placed in Mazillariew, which have coriaceous leaves; its distinctive November Ist, 1889. characters being its habit, many-flowered spike, and some- times longer stipes of the pollen, no notice being taken of the position of the lip. In the endeavour to settle this question of the generic validity of Xylobiwm, I have relied chiefly on the species figured in this Magazine and other illustrated works, for to make an exhaustive examination of the sixteen species described under Xylobiwm,and the hundred under Mazillaria, could not under the circumstances be undertaken. The result is, that the plicate leaves, superior lip, and spicate’ flowers of the former genus are its absolute characters as distinguishing it from Mavillaria, for I find no difference whatever in their pollen-masses, which in species of both genera may consist of two pairs, or of one pair only by the coherence or confluence of those of each pair; and the pol- linia are sessile on the scale in most species. With regard to Bifrenaria, it differs from Xylobium, in so far as I have examined materials, in its few-flowered scape, inferior lip, and usually two stipitate pollinia. Xylobium leontoglossum has a wide range in South America. It was discovered by Mathews, in Peru, upwards of half a century ago, and has been collected in various parts of New Grenada, from St. Martha and Ocaiia south- wards, and in Equador, by subsequent travellers. It has been imported on several occasions. The Royal Gardens are indebted to Messrs. Sander for the plant from which the accompanying figure was taken, and which flowered in March of the present year. The species varies greatly in the length and breadth of the leaves, which sometimes attain nearly three feet in length and four to five in breadth.—J. D. H. Fig. 1, Column and lip; 2, lip; 3, column; 4, anther; 5 and 6, pollen :— all enlarged, ; 7086. Vincent Brooks Day & § F : MS. del, J.N Fitch lith. G 7 g aS o* O i 4 Tab. 7086. PHAJUS PAUvcIFLORUs. Native of Java. Nat. Ord. OncoipEz.—Tribe ErIDENDRES. Genus Puasus, Lour.; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl, vol. iii. p. 512.) Puasus (Limatodes) pauciflorus ; caule gracili erecto basi demum pseudo- bulboso inferne vaginato apicem versus foliato, foliis elliptico-lanceolatis attenuato-acuminatis plicatis 7-9-nerviis, vaginis valide costatis, racemis caulinis brevibus paucifloris breviter pedunculatis, bracteis oblongo- lanceolatis ovariis brevioribus, floribus nutantibus pallide stramineis, sepalis conniventibus ovato-lanceolatis acutis, petalis elliptico-oblongis acutis apicibus recurvis, labello panduriformi marginibus inferne recurvis columnam non amplectantibus, apice rotundato apiculatov. 3-dentato, basin versus rubro striato, calcare ovario zquilongo incurvo, rostello subelongato. P. pauciflorus, Blume Orchid. Archipel. Ind. p. 11, t.4 A, B, and t.11 A; Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. vol. ii. p. 181. -Limatodes pauciflora, Blume Bijd. 375, fig. lxii.; Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orchid : 253; in Paat. Fl. Gard. t. 81; Fol. Orchid. Limatodes, p.1; Walp. Ann. vol. vi. p. 921. L. punctata, Lind/. Fol. Orchid. Limatodes. * Phajus pauciflorus belongs to a section of the genus with small flowers which are produced upon the stem, and not amongst the leaves or on tall scapes from the base of the old pseudobulbs as in others of this genus. In this respect, as also in the form of the lip, it approaches those Indian species of Calanthe in which the lip is at the base of the column, and which render it very difficult to give technical characters for the separation of the two genera. Lindley indeed, while retaining P. pauciflorus in Phajus, redescribed it as a Limatodes under the name of L. punctatus. Blume, who established the genus Limatodes, subsequently reduced it to a section of Phajus, in which he is followed by Bentham in the Genera. Plantarum, distinguishing it by the lateral racemes, broad column, and elongate rostellum. The very narrow side lobes of the lip, which do not either in Phajus proper or Limatodes embrace the column, is almost peculiar in this species. The remarkable difference in habit and perianth dis- NoveMBEn 1st, 1889. played by plants admittedly belonging to Phajus is well illustrated by the specimens figured in this work. (1) The typical species with scapes from the rhizome, spreading sepals and petals, and the lip embraced by the column, include P. grandifolius (Bletia Tankervillie, Plate 1924; P. bicolor, Plate 4078, and P. Wallichii, Plate 7023; (2) The species with the habit of growth of (1), but the perianth connivent, P. maculatus, Plate 3960 (which is also Bletia Woodfordii, Plate 2719), and P. Blumei, var. Bernaysti, Plate 6032; (3) Species with leafy stems and terminal racemes, P. albus (Plate 3991). (4) Species with lateral racemes, a closed perianth, the column hardly embraced by the lip and the rostellum elongate, to which belong P. pauciflorus and P. crispus, Blume, both Javanese. To these two last alone the sectional name of Limatodes applies, for Limatodes rosea, Plate 5312, and L. gracilis, Plate 4714, are both true species of Calanthe, having the very short column of that genus, which alone distinguishes it from Phajus. P. pauciflorus is a native of Java. The specimen here figured was received from the Gardens of Buitenzong in 1887, and flowered in the Royal Gardens, Kew, in May of the present year.—J. D. H. Fig. 1, Lip and column; 2, column and anther; 3, anther viewed in front; 4, pollinia :—all enlarged. 7087, ee arr e foo 3 aii a a: : Se ah SAD sDay& Son imp rook Br oa “Vincent ith. ue Fitch, MS del, JN ndon. ) Reeve & C°Lc oi | he Tas. 7087. GERBERA Janzsonr. Native of the Transvaal. Nat. Ord. Composirz.—Tribe Mutistacez. - Genus Gerbera, Gronov.; (Benth. et Hook.f. Gen. Pl. vel. ii. p- 497.) GERBERA Jamesoni; niveo-tomentosa, foliis longe petiolatis ambiter obovatis runcinato-pinnatifidis, lobo terminali late ovato subacuto marginibus undulatis et grosse irregulariter angulato-lobulatis, lateralibus cuneato- obovatis sinubus rotundatis; scapo nudo valido foliis longiore, capitulo amplo, involucri campanulati lanati bracteis lanceolatis appressis acuminatis, floribus radii 20-30 uniseriatis, ligulis elongatis angustis apice 3-denticulatis, floribus disci ligulis brevissimis recurvis, acheniis erostratis teretiusculis puberulis, pappi setis scabrellis. C. Jamesoni, Bolus mss.—Gard. Chron. 1889, i. 772, fig. 122. A very handsome plant, which, if it will resist the untimely frosts of our uncertain climate, will prove a great addition to the herbaceous garden. It belongs to a genus of about twenty species, of which I believe none have been in cultivation till now ; though most of them inhabit South Africa, but a few are natives of North India and of Central and Hastern Asia. The present species was dis- covered in the Transvaal by the collector Rehman, about 1878, and subsequently by Mr. Jameson in the gold-field districts of Barbertown. It has also been collected by Mr. Wood, of the Natal Botanical Gardens, and by W. Nelson, on the Latrobe river. Its habit is bold, the petioles being erect, and the leaf-blade spreading, whilst the stout scape bearing a very large head with brilliantly coloured rays rises far above the crown foliage. The name Jamesoni is proposed for this beautiful species by Mr. Bolus, F.L.S., who has sent to Kew excellent speci- mens collected by himself. The colour of the rays must be much brighter in its native country than here, for that gentleman describes them as flame-coloured. The specimen here figured was sent by Mr. Wood, of the Natal Botanical Gardens, in 1888, and flowered in spring of the present — ” year. : _ Novemser Ist, 1889. Desor. All parts covered with soft hairs, and the mature leaves clothed beneath with a show-white tomentum. Leaves numerous from the perennial rootstock, petiole six to eight inches, tall, erect; blade five to ten inches long by two to three broad, runcinately pinnatifid with the margins of the lobes undulate and cut into unequally sinuately toothed obtuse or acute lobules. Scapes ten to eighteen inches long, stout, naked. Head solitary, suberect, three to four inches broad across the - rays. Jnvolucre three-quarters of an inch long, campanu- late, woolly, base intruded ; bracts lanceolate, appressed. Flowers of the ray in one series, about thirty, narrowly ligulate, three-toothed, dull yellow beneath, bright orange or flame-coloured above ; tube very short; bipartite inner lobe very small, revolute. Flowers of the small disk minute, with very short segments. Achenes of the ray and disc similar, terete (when young) and puberulous; pappus rather short, very minutely scaberulous, white.—J. D. H. Fig. 1, Ray flower; 2, disk flower; 3, hair of pappus; 4, stamens; 5, style and stigmas :—all enlarged, "088 Vincent Brooks,Day & SonImp Reeve & C2 TLondan T S.del JN Fitch hit 1, q By Tas. 7088. THRINAX EXCELSA. Native of Jamaica. Nat. Ord, Patmem.—Tribe Coryrue.x. Genus Turtnax, Linn. f. ; (Benth. et Hook.f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p. 930.) Turinax eaxcelsa; caudice elato creberrime annulato, petiolo 5-7-pedali, vagina tomento floccoso fulvo densissime lanata, lamina orbiculari 6-ped. diametro ad tertiam partem multifida subtus obscure argentata, laciniis 40-50 ad basin 23-3 poll. latis ensiformibus acuminatis 7-nerviis, ligula triangulari viridi, spadice 3-4-pedali decurvo paniculatim ramoso, ramulis 5-6 pollicaribus glaberrimis recurvis, spathis 6-8 poll. longis cylindraceis appressis obtusis tenuiter fusco-furfuraceis, perianthio late campanulato brevissime 6-lobulato lobulis apiculatis, antheris lineari-oblongis, fila- mentis longioribus, ovario ellipsoideo, stylo brevi, fructu globoso pallido pericarpo spongioso, semine globoso. Turinax excelsa, Griseb, Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 515, an Lodd. Cat. Palms (1849) ? This beautiful Palm has been cultivated for many years in the Palm House of the Royal Gardens under the name Thrinaz excelsa of Loddiges; but on what authority has not been handed down. The specimen is, no doubt, one of two mentioned by J. Smith in his “ Records of Kew” (1880) as being old plants in 1823, and of which he says the native country is doubtful. Latterly the Kew plant in question has been fathered on Jamaica, and as such this very specimen is described by Grisebach in his Flora of the British West Indies. And that this is a correct view of its fatherland is supported by the fact that there is in Kew Herbarium a dried specimen of a spadix perfectly according with that of the spadix of the plant here figured, sent by Mr. Jenman (when Superintendent of the Jamaica Botanical Garden) from woods in the interior of that island. ‘Loddiges, on the other hand, gives Cayenne as the native country of his 7. excelsa, a country from which no Thrinaz is now in cultivation. This point of locality may, I fear, never be cleared up, for Loddiges’ catalogue contains no _ description, and a mark attached to the name 7’ excelsa_ implies that it was a solitary specimen. Furthermore, Loddiges’ collection having been long since dispersed, there Decemsen Ist, 1889. - is no hope of ascertaining either whether his plant was really from Cayenne, or whether it was specifically identical with the Kew 7’ excelsa. Under these circumstances, my obvious course is to adopt the name of 7’. excelsa, Griseb. (an Loddiges ?). When described by Grisebach (in 1864), the height of the stem was seven feet seven inches, and its diameter eight inches; since which it has added three feet three inches to its stature, and two inches to its diameter. The spread of the crown, which consists of about twenty-four leaves, is twenty feet; the length of the petiole is seven feet, and the diameter of the leaves about six feet. Referring to Patrick Brown’s History of Jamaica (p. 191), I find a description of a Palm that answers to this, or to 7’. parviflora, and which probably includes both ; it is the Palmete Royale or Palmeto Thatch. Brown says of it, “It covers whole fields in many parts of the island, growing both on the rocky hills and low moist places near the sea, but seems to thrive best inthe former. The trunk is called Thatch pole ; it stands water well, being never corroded or touched by worms. The petioles are very tough, and are, when split, used for a thousand purposes.” Mr. Jenman sends, besides the spadix of 7. ewcelsa, specimens of 1’. parviflora, of which he says that the former grows on limestone rocks in the interior forests of the island, the latter grows on the sea-coast and prefers sand. | T. excelsa flowered in May in the Palm House of the Royal Gardens, and the flowering was followed in No- vember by fully formed globose pale yellowish-white fruits, about half an inch in diameter, with a rather thick dry spongy pericarp and a globose seed, which, however, con- — tained no perfect embryo.—J. D. H. | _ Fig. 1, Branches of flowering spadix and flower; 2, section of ovary, both enlarged ; 3, portion of spadix with young fruit, of the natural size. - 4 / 089. as o Vincent Brooks.Day &SonJmp. N. Fitch hth. $.del, J. M. LReeve & C° London. Tab. 7089. TIGRIDIA PRINGLEI. Native of Northern Mezico. Nat. Ord. Intpex.—Tribe Morzez. Genus Ticripia, Juss. ; (Benth. et Hook.f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p. 690.) Tigripta Pringlei ; cormo parvo globoso, caule monocephalo, foliis 3-4 alternis ensiformibus plicatis, spathe valvis exterioribus subequilongis viridibus, perianthii segmentis exterioribus lamina magna patula splendide san- guinea preditis, segmentis interioribus lamina perparva ovata lutea rubro- maculata, styli ramis antheris equilongis, capsulis clavatis. T. Pringlei, S. Wats. in Garden and Forest, vol. i. (1888), p. 388, fig. 61; Gard. Chron. 1888, vol. ii. p. 322. This new Tigridia is very nearly allied to the old well- known Tigridia Pavonia (Ferraria Pavonia, Bot. Mag. t. 532). Its principal botanical difference lies in the size and shape of the blade of the inner segments of the perianth. From a garden point of view it will be wel- comed on account of the brilliant scarlet colour of the large spreading blade of the outer segments of its perianth. he first specimen received at Kew came in August, 1883, from Mr. A. Buchan Hepburn, who procured the plant from a height of six thousand feet on the Sierra Madre, in Northern Mexico. It was rediscovered in 1887 by Mr. C. G. Pringle in the province of Chihuahua, and intro- duced by him to the Botanical Garden of Cambridge in Massachusetts. As 7’. Pavonia is confined to Central and Southern Mexico, it is very likely that 7. Pringlet will ‘prove moré hardy in our English gardens. Our drawing was made from a plant that was presented to the Royal Gardens in 1888 by Messrs. Pringle and Horsford of Vermont, U.S.A., and flowered at Kew last July. - Descr. Corm small, globose; root-fibres cylindrical. _ Stem one or two feet high, bearing a single terminal cluster of flowers and three or four alternate ensiform plicate leaves, which are nearly an inch broad at the middle, and taper gradually to the base and apex. Spathes three inches long, containing five or six flowers, which open in DecrMBeERr Ist, 1889, succession; outer valves subequal, green, lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate ; pedicels nearly as long as the outer spathe-valves. Expanded perianth four inches in diameter ; . segments connivent in a cup at the base, spreading above it; outer segments with a bright scarlet unspotted ovate blade, and a broad cuneate claw, spotted with red ona yellow ground; inner segments with a similarly spotted ovate claw and a very small ovate yellow blade, spotted with red. Filaments united in a long cylindrical column ; anthers linear, basifixed, half an inch long. Style-branches as long as the anthers, emarginate at the apex. Capsule clavate, obtusely angled, two or three inches long.—J. G. Baker. | Fig. 1, Top of column of filaments, anthers and style-branches; 2, back view of anther :—doth enlarged. 7090. Vincent Brooks Day & Son Imp 1, Reeve & C° London. MS.dd dN tanith. Tas. 7090. CABOMBA aauvatica. Native of Tropical America. Nat. Ord. NympH*#acex.—Tribe CanomMBEZ. Genus Canomna, Aublet ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. i. p. 46.) eae bar erin ; folis ellipticis, floribus flavis, petiolis pedicellisque pu- erulis. C. aquatica, Aub. Pl. Guian. vol. i. p. 321, t. 121; Lamk. Dict. vol. i. p. 526; Lil. Gen. t. 261; DC. Syst.Veg. vol. ii. p.36; Prodr. vol. i. p. 112 ; BR ichard Anal. des Fr. pp. 63, 64, t. 1, £.83; 4. Gray Ann. Lyc. New York, vol. iv. p- 46; Caspary in Mart, Fl. Bras. fasc. lxxvii. p. 138, t. 37, £. 1-24, Nectris aquatica, Willd. Sp. Pl. vol. ii. 248 ; Pers. Synops. p. 394. A very interesting water-plant, belonging to a tribe of the Natural Order Nymphewacew, which tribe consists of but two genera, the present with two (or perhaps more) species, and Brasenia with but one. Of the two genera the latter | is the most interesting, from the fact of the singular dis- tribution of its solitary species, B. peltata. This, after being known for many years as confined to North America and Eastern Australia, was found by Griffith in a single spot in the East Bengal (where also it was gathered, in 1850, by Dr. Thomson and myself), and it has since been found to exist very locally in Japan and Western Africa. In having this wide distribution it resembles many water-plants, but in being local wherever found, it differs from almost all. , Of the species of Cabomba, four only are well defined. One, that here figured, is spread over the still waters of the South American continent from Mexico to South Brazil. Its exact northern limit is not known, but in the southern United States it is replaced by C. caroliniana, A. Gray, which differs in the very much narrower leaves, white flowers, and short anthers. The two others are C. piau- hiensis, Gardn., and C. Warmingii, Caspary, both natives _ of Brazil. . es The specimen of C. aquatica here figured was raised from seeds sent from Demarara to the Royal Gardens by DEcEMBER Ist, 1889, Mr. Jenman, Superintendent of the George Town Botanical Garden in 1888, and which flowered in April of the present year. Mr. Watson informs me that the flowers last for but one day, and that none appeared after May. Descr. Stems very long, rooting in the mud, branching under water and giving off leaves of two forms, submerged and floating, both petioled; submerged leaves circular in outline, two to three inches in diameter, five-partite, the segments flabelliform di-tri-chotomously cut into filiform green laciniz, petiole half to one inch long, glabrous; floating leaves longer petioled, peltate, elliptic, one and a half to two inches in the longest diameter, quite entire, bright green above with a red spot at the insertion of the petiole, young purplish red beneath, old with mottled purple margins. Peduneles axillary, longer than the petioles, stout, green, upper part rising above the water and bearing a solitary pale yellow flower half an inch in diameter. Sepals three, obovate-oblong obtuse. Petals three, as long as the sepals, broadly clawed, ovate cordate obtuse. Stamens six, hypogynous, anthers linear-oblong rather shorter than the filaments. Carpels one to three, free, fusiform, pubescent, narrowed into as many short styles, with terminal papillose stigmata; ovules two to three, pendulous from the walls of the carpels. ipe carpels about one-third of an inch long, crowned with the persistent styles and stigmas, coriaceous, indehiscent. Seeds two to three.—J. D. H. Fig. 1, Flower; 2, petal; 3 and 4, stamens; 5, young frait; 6, a carpel laid = open showing the ovules :—all enlarged. ol 709] i hel, JN-Atci hth, Vincent Brooks Day & Son Imp" ; ' LReeve & C° London Tas. 7091, AMORPHOPHALLUS Etcutent. Native of Western Tropical Africa. Nat. Ord. Anomex.—Tribe PytHoniga. Genus Amonrruornaius, Blume; (Benth. et Hook.f. Gen. Pl. vel. iii. p. 970.) AmorPHoruaLtus (Hydrosme) Fichleri; folio 3-secto segmentis lateralibus 2-partitis terminali 3-partito partitionibus pinnatifidis v. pinnatisectis, foliolis utrinque 2-3-oblongis ovatis obovatisve acuminatis basi cuneatis marginibus undulatis, rachibus late alatis, petiolo tereti levi viridi, pedunculo brevissimo vaginis latis iaxis membranaceis spatham ewquan- tibus, spatha tubo hemispherico subventricoso sordide albo ore obliquo, intus sanguineo-purpureo infra oram albo, margine dilatato recurvo irregulariter lobulato et undulato fusco-purpureo, spadice subsessili, parte feminea brevi, floribus parvis, parte mascula cylindracea lutea, appendice erecto 4-5-pollicari elongato conoideo basi angustato sub- rugoso pallide brunneo, ovariis depresso-globosis 2-3 locularibus, stigmate majusculo subgloboso sessili 2~3-lobulato, staminibus cuneiformibus. Hyprosme Hichleri, Eugler Aracee (No. 114), p. 285, t. 10. According to Engler’s monograph, A. Hichleri is a native of the Island First Bismarck, in the river Congo, whence living roots were sent in 1880 by Herr Teusz to the Royal Botanical Gardens of Berlin, where the plant first flowered in April, 1882. In 1888 a tuber was received at Kew from Berlin, which sent up a flowering stem in March of the present year, to be followed by a leaf which was fully developed at the end of May. Except in that the leaf is much more fully developed, the sheaths (cata- phylls) at the base of the flowering stem very much larger than in Engler’s excellent figure, and the stigmas distinctly lobulate, there is no difference between the Berlin and Kew specimen. Like its congeners, the plant emits a horrible stench when flowering. Descr. T'uber depressed globose, rose-coloured (Engler). Petiole eighteen inches high, cylindric, smooth, green; leaf- blade trisect, divisions shortly petiolulate, a span long, the lateral bisect, the middle one trisect ; segments pin- natifid, rachis broadly unequally winged from the base upwards; leaflets two to three pair, sessile by a broad DECEMBER Ist, 1889. base, elliptic-ovate, acuminate, or the lower obovate, dark green with impressed nerves, margins beyond the intra- marginal nerve undulate, terminal three or four inches. long, lateral shorter less acute. Pedunele very short, green, sheaths as long as the spathe, lax, very broadly ovate, acute, concave. Spathe one and a half inch high, and as broad across the hemispheric dirty-white striated tube ; mouth rather contracted, oblique, margin broadly everted prolonged at one side into a broad tongue-shaped obtuse limb, waved and irregularly crenate or lobulate, dull red brown ; interior of spathe mottled with bright red from the base to within half an inch of the everted margin, the intervening space dull white. Spadiz nearly six inches high, erect ; female portion very short ; male longer, cylindric, nearly an inch long; appendix an elongate dull pale brown rugose subacute cone contracted towards the base. Sta- mens densely crowded, cuneiform with rounded angles, yellowish, two-celled. Ovaries minute, sessile, green, de- pressed globose, two- to three-celled ; cells one-ovuled ; stigma globose, two- to three-lobed.—J. D. H. _ Fig. 1, Reduced plant; 2, portion of leaf; 3, inflorescence, of the natural size; 4, base of spadix; 5, stamen; 6, ovary ; 7, vertical section of the same. Fig. 2 and 4-7, all enlarged, FOF2 SN) pA” M°S. del, JN -Fitch ith. Vincertt Brooks Day & San imp L Reeve & C2 London, Tas, 7092. CLINTONIA AwprewstraNna. Native of California. Nat. Ord. Lit1acez.—Tribe MeproLez, Genus Cuintonia, Rajfin.; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p. 832.) CLINTONIA Andrewsiana; caule sesquipedali, foliis 4 magnis oblongis acutis sessilibus prope basin aggregatis, unico reducto mediali, floribus in umbellam terminalem multifloram 2-3 paucifloris lateralibus szpissime additis dispositis, pedicellis pubescentibus flore subequilongis, bracteis parvis lanceolatis, perianthio rubro-purpureo segmentis oblanceolato- oblongis basi leviter gibbosis, staminibus perianthio brevioribus filamentis pilosis, ovario oblongo, stylo ovario equilongo. C. Andrewsiana, Torrey Bot. Whipple, p. 94; Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. vol. xiv. p. 585; S. Wats. in Proc. Amer. Acad. vol. xiv. p.272; Bot. Calif. vol, ii. p. 180. C. Andrewsii, Wood in Proc. Acad. Philad. 1868, p. 174. Clintonia is a genus of baccate Liliaces, which contains six species, four of which are North American and two Kast Asiatic. This is the only species in which the flowers are at all showy. In all the others they are greenish-white. Two of them were figured long ago in the Boranican Maaazinz (Tabs. 1155 and 1403), both under the name of Smilacina borealis. C. Andrewsiana is very local, being confined to the coast ranges of California, from Hum- boldt County to Santa Cruz. No specimen existed at Kew, either in the herbarium or the garden till very lately. Our drawing was made from two plants that flowered last June, one in the herbaceous ground at Kew, and the other in the Botanic Garden at Edinburgh, from which it was kindly sent to the Royal Gardens by Professor Bayley Balfour. It requires to be grown in a shady position in a bog or peat-bed. : Descr. Rootstock a short slender rhizome. Stem about a foot and a half long, bearing near its base four sessile oblong acute glabrous leaves six or eight inches long, and a single much smaller leaf, at the middle. lowers nu- merous, forming a dense terminal umbel, with usually two or three others lower down on the peduncle ; pedicels DECEMBER Ist, 1889. pubescent, about as long as the flowers; bracts small, lanceolate. Perianth dark claret-purple, half an inch long ; segments oblanceolate-oblong, obscurely gibbous at the base, falcate from below the middle. Stamens much shorter than the perianth; filaments pilose; anthers oblong. Ovary oblong, with eight or ten ovules in each cell; style as long as the ovary; stigma capitate. Fruit baccate.— J. G. Baker. Fig. 1, Front view of anther ; 2, back view of anther; 3, pistil; 4, horizontal section of ovary :—all more or less enlarged. INDEX To Vol. XLV. of the Tairp Serres, or Vol. CXV. of tho whole Work. : 7091 Amorphophalus Hichleri. 7061 Angrecum Germinyanum, 7072 Anoiganthus breviflorus. 7077 Arachnanthe Clarkei. 7073 Aristolochia hians. 7071 Berberis angulosa. 7075 Berberis Lycium. 7033 Brownea macrophylla. 7090 Cabomba aquatica. 7051 Calandrinia oppositifolia. 7083 Carludovica rotundifolia. 7069 Catasetum Garnettianum. 7047 Chironia peduncularis. 7092 Clintonia Andrewsiana. 7049 Delphinium Zalil. 7042 Dendrobium gracilicaule. 7066 Disa lacera, var. multifida. 7078 Dracena marmorata. 7059 Enkianthus campanulatus. 7048 Eremostachys laciniata. 7076 Eremurus himalaicus, 7074 Eucalyptus stricta. 7067 Eucryphia pinnatifolia, 7080 Fritillaria bucharica. 7087 Gerbera Jamesoni. 7070 Grevillea aspleniifolia, 7084 Iris Bakeriana. 7050 Iris Barnume. 7040 Iris Meda. 7081 Tris paradoxa. 7057 Laportea moroides. 7053 7043 7037 7034 7065 7046 7041 7063 7052 7055 - 7086 7079 7035 7044 7056 7082 7054 7058 7062 7060 7068 7038 7036 7045 7039 7064 7088 7089 7085 Licuala Veitchii. Lilium nepalense. Macodes javanica. Olearia insignis. Olearia macrodonta. Opuntia polyacantha. Opuntia Rafinesquii. Pandanus labyrinthicus. Passifiora Hahnii. Pentstemon rotundifolius. Phajus paucifiorus. Primula (A) pusilla, (B) petiolaris, var. nana. Rosa incarnata. Sarcochilus luniferus. Saxifraga latepetiolata. Shortia galacifolia. Smilax ornata. Sobralia leucoxantha. Solanum pensile. Spathoglottis ixioides. Stapelia gigantea. Strelitzia Nicolai. Streptocarpus parviflora. Stuartia Pseudo-camellia. Styrax Obassia. Syringa villosa. Thrinax excelsa. Tigridia Pringlei. Xylobium leontoglossum.