S CURTIS’ es Ox
BOTANICAL MAGAZINE,

Plants of “the Ropal Gotanic Gardens of Kew,
AND OF OTHER BOTANICAL ESTABLISHMENTS;

EDITED BY

SIR DAVID PRAIN, C.M.G., CLE, LLD., F.RS.,
DIRECTOR, ROYAL BOTANIC GARDENS, KEW.

VOU RIV, @2.
OF THE FOURTH SERIES.
; 3 (Or Vol. CXLIV. of the Whole Work.)

'

a a ere,

With hues on hues die cannot paint.
The breath of Nature and her alien bloom. —TaoMson.

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Fourth Series. | 7
ee 157; 158, 159.
XTEYV.

VOL.
JANUARY, FEBRUARY, MARCH, 1918.

or Nos, 1571, 1572. 1573 | OF THE ENTIRE WORK. |
CURTIS'S

BOTANICAL MAGAZ

: x _ CONTAINING HAND-COLOURED FIGURES WITH DESCRIPTIONS, STRUCTURAL AND 1
OF NEW AND RARE

EDITED BY

SIR DAVID PRAIN, OM.G., CLE, LLD,

Dirertor, Ropal Borante Garvens, Ke,

‘BRITISH INDIA. By Six J. D. Hooxer, oe R 8. 5 ;
amin sss Set ine <i
By. G. BENTHAM, Ff. R, $, B. LS, assisted.
ERS, “Compteta in i Linc e 10s. :

A of the BRITISH WEST INDIAN ISLANDS, By Dr. Grise
BACH, peg “Bas,

8742

Vincent Brooks Day&Son Lrtimp.

MS.del. JN Fitch lith.

L. Reeve & C9? London.

TAB. 8742.
PAEONIA PEREGRINA.

South-eastern Europe and North-western Asia Minor.

RANUNCULACEAE. Tribe PAEONIEAE.

Paronta, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 60.

Paeconia peregrina, Mill. Gard. Dict. ed. viii. n.3; Fritsch in Verh. Zool.-
Bot. Ges. Wien, vol. xlix. p. 240; nec Desf., nee DC.; affinis P. officinali,
Linn., sed foliis firmioribus, eorum lobis apice inciso-dentatis, fiorum colore
pe rubro et carpellis maturescentibus eximie villoso - tomentosis

istincta.

Herba perennis, caule glabro. Folia inferiora biternata, divisionibus longe
petiolulatis, segmentis lateralibus sessilibus vel subsessilibus, intermediis
longiuscule petiolulatis, lobis magis minusve oblanceolatis vel oblongis vel
(intermediis) cuneato-obovatis lobulatis lobulis grosse vel inciso-dentatis,
dentibus acutis vel stbacuminatis, superiora (caulina) quoad divisiones
magis minusve redacta, summa calyci ipso adpressa; omnia glabra,
lucidula, subtus pallida, rarissime pilis nonnullis rigidulis in pagina
inferiore; segmenta intermedia petiolulo dempto 6-12 cm. longa; lobi
laterales 1-8 cm. lati. Flores ob petala valde concava aperto-cupulares,
6-10 cm. diametro, pulcherrime saturate rubri. Sepala 4, valde concava,
oblonga vel late elliptica, glabra, 2°5-4 cm. longa. Petala 7-11, late
obovata vel elliptica, superne leviter crenulata. Staminwm filamenta
rubra, superne plerumque pallescentia ; antherae aureae, ad 5 mm. longae.
Carpella plerumque 8 vel rarius 4, ovoidea, densissime albido-villoso-
tomentosa; stigmata a latere compressa, recurva, rubra. Folliculi maturi
stellatim patentes, oblongi, apice paulo recurvi, ad 5 cm. longi, villo denso
sordide albido vel flavescente longiusculo obtecti. Semina elliptico-
globosa, circiter 7 mm. longa, atra, nitida.—P. lobata, DC. Syst. vol. i.
p. 391, pro synonymis plurimis et statione Byzantina ; Sweet, Flow. Gard.
vol. i. t. 70; nec Desf., nec DC. Prodr. P. decora, Anders: in Trans. Linn.
Soe. vol. xii. p. 273; DC. Prodr. vol. i. p. 66; Boiss. Fl. Or. vol. i. p. 985
Huth, Mon. Paeon. in Engl. Bot. Jahrb. vol. xiv. p. 269; Baker in Gard.
Chron. 1897, vol. xxii. p. 10; Lynch in Journ. Roy. Hort. Soc. vol, xii. p. 439;
Petrov., Fl. Nish, p. 47; Velenovsky, Fl. Bulg. p. 16; Suppl. i. p. 11.
P. romanica, Brandza in An. Acad. Roman. ser. ii. vol. ii. p. 587, t. 2;
Prodr. Fl. Roman. p. 529; Greceseu, Consp. Fl. Roman. p. 43.—O. Stapr.

The fine Paeony here figured is met with fairly generally
jn the Balkan Peninsula from Serbia and Macedonia to
Roumania, and our illustration has been prepared from
a plant raised from seed sent to Kew from the Geneva
Botanic Garden under the name P. romanica. But the
species also extends beyond the Hellespont; it has been

Jan.—Manrca, 1918.

collected on the Keshish Dagh near Broussa, and quite
recently plants raised from seed secured in the neigh-
bourhood of Smyrna have been grownin English garJens
as “Sunbeam.” So far, however, from being, as this
name would suggest, a plant of garden origin recently
raised, this Paeony is a very distinct and natural species
with a long and interesting cultural history. It was
known in the XVI Century to Clusius, who, in an account
of the vegetation of Pannonia, published in 1583, says
that it was then grown in the gardens of certain noble
dames from seeds received from Constantinople. Com-
paring it with our P. officinalis, Linn., the Paeony then
familiar in gardens further west, Clusius pointed out the
thicker leaves and the richer red, not purple, flowers of
this Balkan plant which he aptly termed ‘ Paeonia
byzantina.” 1n 1601 Clusius included the species in his
renowned Historia and supplied an excellent figure. It
was still rare in Europe, though we learn from Bessler
that quite early in the XVII Century it has got as far
west as the famous garden of the Bishops of Eystedt in
Bavaria. The elder Bauhin mentioned the plant in his
Pinax in 1623, but altered its name to ‘“ Paeonia
peregrina flore dilute et sature rubenti.”? Parkinson in
his Paradisus in 1629 called it the “red peony of
Constantinople,” and supplied a figure which, though
clumsy, is unmistakable. It was again mentioned by
Johnson, who gave a copy of the figure by Clusius in
the 1636 edition of Gerard’s Herbal. This figure
Morison reproduced in his Historia in 1699. Miller did
not mention this Paeony until 1759 when, in the seventh
edition of his Gardener’s Dictionary, he included it as
** Paeonia peregrina flore sature rubente,” and gave the
Levant as its home. In 1768, in the eighth edition of
his work, Miller, introducing the Linnean method of
naming his plants, termed this one P. peregrina, a name
which still remains valid. But Miller appears to have
known the plant thus designated by him only from the
figures given by earlier writers. There is no example of
the species among his specimens in the Banksian
herbarium; the only sheet there on which Miller has
written the name P. peregrina bears two small specimens,
both received by him from the Paris garden; these two

specimens belong to two distinct species ; neither of the
two is the ‘“‘red peony of Constantinople.” One, the
more meagre of the two, appears to be but a form of our
common garden Paeony with quite glabrous leaves; the
other represents a type which occurs in the mountains of
southern France and corresponds most closely with
P. monticola, Jordan. Into the pitfall thus prepared the
first to stumble was the editor of this work, at t. 1050 of
which Sims in 1807 published as P. peregrina, “ upon the
authority of the Banksian herbarium,” not the Byzantine
plant to which the name belongs, but the plant of
Provence and Languedoe which Miller had mistaken for
it. The elder Decandolle followed Sims in the third
edition of the Flore Frangaise in 1815 and maintained
the same attitude in his Systema in 1818. The error, as
errors will, has survived in many subsequent publications,
and although the conception of the species to which the
name P. pereyrina has, since 1807, been misapplied may
at times have varied, the Balkan plant which Miller so
designated has always been excluded from it, This is
doubtless partly due to the fact that, as early as 1818,
the right of that plant to rank as a species had been
revindicated by Anderson who, overlooking the confusion
created in this Magazine, renamed it P. decora; partly
to the circumstance that in the same year Decandolle, »
in his Systema, confused the Byzantine plant with
P. lobata, Desf., a name under which, nowithstanding the
trouble Decandolle took to rectify his error in the Pro-
dromus in 1824, our species is still often grown in
gardens. Handsome asa denizen in a herbaceous border,
P. peregrina possesses the further recommendation of
being easily cultivated. It flowers profusely and ripens
seeds freely.

Description.—- Herb, perennial; stem glabrous. Leaves: lower twice
ternate, their divisions distinctly stalked, lateral segments sessile or nearly so,
intermediate ones rather long stalked, the lobes more or less oblanceolate or
oblong, or the intermediate ones cuneate-obovate and lobulate, the lobules
coarsely or incised toothed, the teeth acute or almost acuminate; upper cauline
leaves with their divisions more or less reduced, the highest appressed to the
calyx ;. all glabrous, rather polished, pale beneath, occasionally with a few
rather stiff hairs on the lower surface ; intermediate segments, excluding the
stalk, 24-42 in. long; lateral lobes }-1} in. wide. Flowers with the very
concave petals aggregated in an open cup, 2}-4 in. across, brilliant deep red.
Sepals 4, very coneaye, oblong or wide elliptic, glabrous, 1-1} in. long, Petals

7-11, wide obovate or elliptic, slightly crenulate upwards. Stamens with red
filaments, usually somewhat paler upwards ; anthers golden yellow, up to 2 in.
long. Carpels usually 3, rarely 4, ovoid, very densely tomentose with white
hairs; stigmas laterally compressed, recurved, red. Follicles when ripe
stellately spreading, oblong, slightly recurved at the tip, up to 2 in. long,
covered with a dense dirty white or yellowish tomentum. Seeds elliptic-
globose, about 4 in. long, black, shining.

Tas. 8742.—Fig. 1, a carpel with stamens, showing insertion ; 2 and 3, anthers;
4, ripe fruit; 5, seed :—all enlarged except 4, which is of natural size.

8743 4

7

i

LY
3 ty, Ll

MS. del. JNFitch ith.

L Reeve &C° London.

Serieaitelateaniniiaineesiienddiiamameniimmamaainnel

Tas. 8743.
PTERIDOPHYLLUM racemosvum.

Japan.

PAPAVERACEAE. Tribe HyprcorpEag.

PreriDoPpuyLLum, Sieb. et Zucc.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 54.

Pteridophyllum racemosum, Sich. et Zuce. in Abh. Akad. Miinchen, vol. iii.
p. 720, t. 1, fig. a, 1-12; Mig.in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. vol. iii. p- 12;
Prantl ¢ Kiindig in Engl. €d Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. vol. iii. pars 2,
p- 137; Matswmura, Ind. Pl. Japon. p. 147; Fedde in Engl. Pflanzenr.
vol. iv. 104, p. 88; species unica.

Herba perennis, acaulis, rhizomate praemorso. Gemma cataphyllis rotun-
_ datis herbaceo-scariosis fimbriatis 8-12 mm. longis. Folia petiolata,
ambitu oblanceolata, impariter pectinato-pinnatisecta, 6-15 cm. longa,
2-2°5 cm. lata; pinnae angulo fere recto-patente, e parte tertia superiore
basin versus cito decrescentes, infimae ad squamas setosas redactae, rectae
vel subfalcatae, lineares, apice rotundatae, minute emarginatae et ex sinu
mucronulatae, sub eo parce crenulatae, basi in latere versum spectante
auriculatae, auri¢ulo integro vel parce dentato dentibus in setas abeuntibus,
3-4 lin. latae, tenues, subtus setis conspersae, caeterum glabrae. Injlore-
scentia racemosa, scapo nudo folia excedente suffulta, racemo subramoso
vel superne simplici; pedicelli filiformes, maturi ad 15 mm. longi; bracteae
rotundatae, setoso-dentatae vel glanduloso-denticulatae, saepe parvulae vel
minutae; bracteolae similes, sed minores, prope basin pediecelli. Calyx
2-sepalus ; sepala rotundata, caduca, 1°5-2 mm. longa. Petala 4, aequalia,
elliptico-oblonga, tenuia, mox decidua, alba, ad 6 mm. longa. Antherae
4mm. longae. Ovariwm obovoideo-orbiculare, glabrum ; stylus ad 8 mm.
longus; stigma bilobum; ovula 2-4, anatropa, ex ovariifundo adscendentia. ~
Fructus siliculiformis, valvis 2 dehiscens. Semina oblongo-obovoidea,
plerumque perfecta ; testa laevis, embryo minutus.—O, Srapr.

The genus Pteridophyllum is represented by the solitary
species here figured, which is a native of the mountains
of Central Japan and is confined to that area. The
species was originally discovered by Siebold in the
province of Sinano. In most botanical treatises the
genus, which is of much scientific interest, is placed next
to Hypecoum, itself a connecting link between the
Papavereae and the Fumaricae. But while this is probably
the most satisfactory treatment, the affinity between
Pteridophyllum and Hypecoum is apparently somewhat

remote. The plant from which our figure has been
Jan.—Marcu, 1918, |

prepared was purchased for the Kew collection in 1914
from the Yokohama Nursery Company. The species has
proved quite hardy at Kew and is perennial. While its
interest is mainly botanical, for the flowers do not invest
it with any ornamental or decorative quality, the foliage
is pleasing and renders it quite worthy of a place in the
Rock Garden, if only on account of the resemblance,
which the generic name suggests, that the leaves bear to
the fronds of a fern. When plants are grown in a frame
the rosette persists during the winter months, but when
grown in the open the leaves disappear. Grown out of
doors the plant prefers shade during the summer months
and should be given a moist soil. This, it may be noted,
is the first. occasion on which the fruit and the seeds of
the plant have been described.

Description.— Herb, perennial, stemless; rootstock premorse; buds enveloped
by rounded herbaceous-scarious fimbriate scales,}-1 in. long. Leaves petioled,
oblanceolate in outline, unevenly pectinately pinnatisect, 2}-6 in. long, {1
in. wide; segments spreading at almost a right angle, rapidly decreasing in
size from the upper third towards the base when they become reduced to setose
scales, straight or slightly falcate, linear, rounded, slightly emarginate and
minutely mucronate at the apex, below the apex sparingly crenulate, auriculate
at the base on the upper edge, the auricle entire or sparingly toothed, the teeth
passing into setae, }-1 in. wide, thin, with scattered setae below, elsewhere
glabrous. Inflorescence racemose, borne on a naked scape rather longer than
the leaves, the raceme itself slightly cymosely branched or simple towards the
top ; pedicels filiform, when mature about 2 in. long; bracts rounded, setosely
toothed or glandular-denticulate, often small or very small; bracteoles near the
base of the pedicel like the bracts, but still smaller. Sepals 2, rounded,
caducous, 73-1; in. long. Petals 4, equal, elliptic-oblong, white, thin, soon
falling, about 3} in. long. Anthers zz in. long. Ovary obovoid-orbicular,
glabrous; style about 2 in. long; stigma 2-lobed; ovules 2-4, anatropous,
ascending from the base of the ovary. Fruit siliculoid, opening by 2 valves.
Seed oblong-ovoid, usually perfect ; testa smooth ; embryo minute.

Tas. 8743.—Fig. 1, portion of a leaf ; 2, diagram of the flower; 8, young
flower, with bract; 4, flower, fully open; 5, stamen; 6, pistil; 7, ovary in
vertical section ; 8, fruiting pedicel and fruit; 9, ripe fruit; 10, the same, in
vertical section; 11, seed, in vertical section :—ail enlarged except 8, which
is of natural size.

8744

cay ee

MS.del. JN Fitch Lith. Veirack Brooks, Day& SonLalimp.

L Reeve &C?° London.

Tas. 8744,
MACODES Sanpertana,

Malay Archipelago.

ORcHIDACEAE. Tribe Nrorrreag.

Macopss, Lindl.; Benth. et Hook. J. Gen. Plant. vob. iii. p. 602.

Macodes Sanderiana, Rolfe in Kew Bulletin, 1896, p. 47; species M. argy-

ronewrae, Rolfe, affinis, sed foliorum venis flavis manifeste latioribus
differt.

Herba terrestris. Folia rosulata, petiolata, ovato-elliptica, apice acuta, recurva,
margine interdum crenulata, 6-10 em. longa, 4-5 em. lata, insigniter
reticulato-variegata ; petiolus dilatatus, 2 cm. longus, basi amplexicaulis.
Scapus circiter 30 em. altus, erectus, puberulus, basi vaginis paucis ovato-
oblongis obtectus ; racemus 8-20 cm. longus, laxe multiflorus; bracteae
Ovatae, acutae, concavae, membranaceae, 0°6 cm. longae ; pedicelli 0°8-1
cm. longi, pubescentes. Flores parvi, ochraceo-virides, extra pubescentes.
Sepala patentia, ovato-oblonga, obtusa, concava, 0°5-0°6 cm. longa.
Petala lineari-oblonga, obtusa, 0°5-0°6 cm. longa. Labellum 0°5 em.
longum ; basi ventricosum ; limbus recurvus, spathulato-oblongus, obtusus,
basi minute crenulatus; saccus basi biglandulosus, apice utrinque minute
auriculatus. Colwmna lata, 0°4 em. longa. Pollinia pyriformia, basi
attenuata; glandula squamiformis.—Anoectochilus Sanderianus, Kraenz].
in Gard. Chron. 1896, vol. xviii. p. 484.—R. A. Roure.

A considerable number of terrestrial orchids have long
been the objects of especial care on the part of certain
cultivators, both in this country and on the continent of
Europe, not because they possess striking flowers, but
because of the attractive character of their foliage. The
salient common feature of this group of plants, generally
spoken of as the “‘Anoectochilus ” group, is the possession
of a fine and very distinctly marked white or yellow
reticulation, corresponding with the nerves and veins,
upon a deep olive-green ground. Plants belonging to
this group have always been well represented at Kew,
where they are grown in the tropical Orchid house.
They occur in nature under peculiar oecological con-
ditions, and in cultivation they thrive best when grown
in pans of sphagnum moss under bell-glass covers, each
plant being set in a small pot containing a mixture of

Jan.~Marcu, 1918,

sphagnum and peat fibre, chopped fine and pressed firmly
about the roots; the individual pots are then buried in
the sphagnum in the pans. The plants are watered
overhead every day in the summer and are never allowed
to approach a condition of dryness in winter. They
flower only rarely, a fortunate circumstance, since after
flowering the plant either dies outright or is so much
weakened that it eventually succumbs. Unless stem
offsets have been developed, flowering therefore almost
inevitably results in the loss of the plant, for it is found
that removal of a flower-spike as soon as it shows itself
is ineffectual as a means of saving the plant. This habit
of being practically monocarpic, at all events in culti-
vation, is unfortunately shared by many terrestrial
orchids. The genera Lissochilus, Eulophia, Microstylis,
Satyrium, Disa all contain species which behave in this
way. Though the plants of this particular group are
all members of the subtribe Spirantheae, to which the
genus Anoectochilus belongs, they do not all belong to
that genus, and until flowers are produced it is sometimes
impossible to suggest their true natural position. The
member of the group now figured has exemplified this
difficulty. This species was originally introduced to
cultivation by Mr. L. Forget, who had met with it in
some unspecified locality in the Sunda Archipelgo, while
collecting on behalf of Messrs. Sander and Sons, St.
Albans. It was, as usual, tentatively referred in the
first instance to Anoectochilus, and was described by
Dr. Kraenzlin in 1895 as A. Sanderianus. A plant flowered
at St. Albans in 1896, and the flower-spike, sent to Kew
for examination, made it possible to ascertain that the
species is really a Macodes. There are other three species
of the same genus now in cultivation and all three are,
like M. Sanderiana, natives of Malaya. One of the three
is the original M. Petola, Lindl., originally placed by
Blume in Neottia, which is a native of Java; another is
M. javanica, Hook. f., figured at t. 7037 of this work,
which is also a native of that island; the precise locality
of the third species, M. Rollissonii, Rolfe, is not known.
From all three M. Sanderiana is readily distinguished
because of the much greater width of the brightly
coloured lines of the venation. It comes even nearer as

regards its floral structure to J. argyroneura, Rolfe, a
species not at present to be met with in living collections,
which Miquel originally referred to Haemaria. In this
case, however, 1. Sanderiana is readily distinguished not
only by having a coloured venation with wider lines, but
in having these yellow in place of white. The plant from
which our figure has been prepared was acquired for Kew
from Messrs. Sander in -1914. It flowered at Kew in
September, 1916, and, as is usual, died after flowering.

Descriprion.—Herb, terrestrial. Leaves rosulate, petioled, ovate-elliptic,
apex acute, recurved, margin sometimes crenulate, 2}—4 in. long, 13-2 in. wide,
with a handsome yellow reticulate venation on a deep olive-green or rich
greenish-brown ground ; petiole expanded, ? in. long, stem-clasping at the base.
Scape about 1 ft. high, erect, puberulous, clothed below with a few ovate-
oblong sheaths; raceme 33-8 in. long, flowers many, lax; bracts ovate, acute,
concave, membranous, } in. long; pedicels 3-2 in. long, pubescent. Flowers
small, pale green lightly suffused with brown, pubescent outside. Sepals
spreading, ovate-oblong, obtuse, concave, }-1 in. long. Petals linear-oblong,
obtuse, as long as the sepals. Lip } in. long, ventricose at the base; limb
recurved, spathulate-oblong, obtuse, base finely crenulate ; basal sac 2-glandular,
minutely auriculate at the apex on both sides. Colwmn wide, 3 in. long.
Pollinva pyriform, narrowed to the base; gland scale-like.

Tas. 8744.—Fig. 1, flower; 2, petal; 3, lip; 4, column; 5, anther-cap;
6, pollinarium :—all enlarged.

dim.
MS.del JNFitch. ith. Vincent Brooks,Day &Son LU imp |”

L Reeve &C°®London, ¥

Tas. 8745.

INDIGOFERA PENDULA.

Yunnan.

LEGUMINOSAE. Tribe GALEGEAE.

InpicoFERA, Linn.; Benth, et Hook, f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 494.

Indigofera pendula, Franch. Pl. Delavay. p. 156, t. 37 (1889) ; Crab in Notes
Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinb. vol. viii. p. 68 (1913) ; affinis I. Faberi, Craib, sed
ramulis hornotinis adpresse puberulis, foliolis oblongo-ellipticis, pedicellis
brevioribus differt.

Frutex patens, 2°5-3 m. altus; ramuli annotini glabrescentes, cinereo-glauci,
foliorum delapsorum basibus notati, hornotini parce adpresse puberuli,
conspicue lenticellati, Folia usque ad 2°5 dm. longa, petiolo circiter
4*5 em. longo, rhachi supra canaliculata in canaliculo breviter pubescenti ;
foliola 10-13-juga, oblongo-elliptica, utrinque rotundata, apice longe
mucronata, 2-3-5 cm. longa, 1*3-1°8 cm. lata, tenuissime chartacea vel
fere membranacea, supra minute et crebre punctulata, infra tenuiter
adpresse pilosa, nervis lateralibus utrinsecus 7-8 subdistinctis ; petioluli
2-4 mm. longi, pubescentes. Racemi axillares, penduli, folia superantes,
usque ad 4°5 dm. longi, gracillimi, rhachi basi 7-8 em. nuda angulari
minutisime et parce pubescente; bracteae minutae; pedicelli 1-2 mm.
longi, puberuli; corolla in alabastro cinereo-velutina. Calyx oblique
cupularis ; tubus 1°5 mm. longus, extra adpresse pubescens; lobi parum
inaequales, subulati, lobo longissimo tubo leviter longiore. Corolla roseo-
purpurea; vexillum oblongo-ellipticum, 1:3 cm. longum, extra _ubique
sericeo-puberulum; alae vexillo parum breviores, superne ciliolatae ;
carina vexillo aequilonga, subobtusa, superne extra puberula. <Antherae
apiculatae. Ovarium adpresse strigosum, stylo gracili glabro, stigmate
globulari carnoso translucenti coronato. Legwmen sicco spiraliter tortum,
nitidum, 5 em. longum, parce strigillosum. Semina ellipsoidea, nitida,
pallide brunnea, 3°5 mm. longa.—J. HuTcuinson.

Indigofera pendula is a charming and graceful shrub
which was first collected by the late Abbé Delavay
in October, 1887, in woods near Lankong in Yunnan.
In May, 1906, Mr. G. Forrest met with this species again
on the eastern flank of the Likiang Range, where he.
found it both in open situations amongst scrub and in
damp shady pine-woods at elevations of 9,000-10,000
feet. Seeds collected by Mr. Forrest at a later date
were presented to Kew by Mr. J. C. Williams, Caerhays

Jan.—-Marcu, 1918,

Castle, in 1914, and from these the subject of our

. illustration was raised. The plants grew quickly and
flowered during August and September, 1916, when our
figure was prepared. They were cut back to the
ground-level during the winter of 1916-17, but broke
freely again from the base, grew during the summer
to a height of seven feet and flowered freely towards
autumn. The racemes are pendulous and the largest are
from 15-18 inches long. Indigofera pendula is most
nearly allied to J. Faberi, Craib, another Chinese species,
which has almost ‘glabrescent young twigs, ovate leaves
and ionger pedicels disposed on shorter racemes. The
cultivation of J. pendula offers no great difficulty ; the
plant likes a sunny position and an open well-drained
soil. Judging from the experience of the winter of
1916-17 it is at least as hardy as most of the other
cultivated Indigoferas, all of which die back to the
ground-level in winter. Like them it can easily be
increased by cuttings.

Description.—Shrub of spreading habit, 8-10 ft. high ; the year-old shoots
glabrescent, glaucous-grey, bearing the bases of fallen leaves; young shoots
sparingly adpressed puberulous, distinctly lenticelled. Leaves up to 10 in.
long; rachis channelled above and shortly pubescent along the groove;
leaflets in 10-13 pairs, oblong-elliptic, rounded and distinctly mucronate at the
tip, rounded at the base, 3-1} in. long, 3-3 in. wide, thinly papery or almost
membranous, pilose and closely punctulate above, thinly adpressed pilose
beneath, lateral nerves 7-8 on each side the midrib, tolerably distinct ;
petiolules ;;-} in. long, pubescent. Racemes axillary, pendulous, longer than
the leaves, up to 18 in. long, very slender, rachis naked for about 8 in. at the
base, angular, finely and sparingly pubescent ; bracts minute; pedicels very
short, puberulous; corolla in bud grey velvety. Calyx obliquely cup-shaped ;
tube ,'; in. long, adpressed pubescent outside ; lobes slightly unequal, subulate,
the longest lobe rather longer than the tube. Corolla rose-purple ; standard
oblong-elliptic, } in. long, uniformly silky-puberulous outside ; wings rather
shorter than the standard, ciliolate upwards; keel about as long as the standard,
somewhat obtuse, puberulous upwards on the outside. Anthers apiculate.
Ovary adpressed-strigose; style slender, glabrous, crowned by the globose,
fleshy, translucent stigma. Pod when dry spirally twisted, shining, 2 in. long,
sparingly strigillose. Seeds ellipsoid, shining, pale brown, } in. long.

Tas. 8745.—Fig. 1, flower; 2, the same, petals removed; 8, wing-petal ;
- 4, keel-petals; 5 and 6, antheis ; 7, style and stigma :—all enlarged.

8746

Vincent Brooks Day &SonLi4imp.

MS8.del JNFitch lith.

Tas. 8746.
AGAVE FOURCROYDES.

Yucatan.

AMARYLLIDACEAE. Tribe AGAVEAE.

AGavE, Linn. ; Benth, et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 733.

Agave (§ Euagave) fourcroydes, Lem. in Ill. Hort. vol. xi. Miscell. p. 65;
Trelease in Rep. Miss. Bot. Gard. vol. xix. pp. 277-279, et in Mem. Nat.
Acad, Sci. Washington, vol. xi. p. 48, t. 110-112; Berger, Agaven, p. 238,
fig. 69, species e grege Rigidarum-Sisalanarum, ab omnibus affinibus differt
praesertim rosula caulescente foliorumque spina terminali robusta.

Frutex caulescens, caule robusto erecto 0°75-1°2 m. et ultra alto, 25 em.
diametro, rosula elongata plurifolia coronato basi stolonifero. Folia
rigidissime erecto-patentia, coriaceo-carnosa, glauca, oblanceolato-ensi-
formia, circiter 1-4 m. et ultra longa, basin versus attenuata, supra
medium 10-12 cm. lata, sensim acuminata, basi supra convexa, hine
planiuscula, superne canaliculata et marginibus erecta, subtus carinato-
convexa; ad margines e basi usque 5-7 cm. infra spinam terminalem
aculeata, spinae basales parvae saepe confluentes, reliquae majores 2°2-
2-5 cm. inter se distantes e basi dilatata 5-6 mm. longa acumine anguste
deltoideo re- vel incurvato 2-4 mm. longo atrobrunneae, margine inter
spinas recto vel paullum sinuato; spina terminalis robusta, 3 cm. longa,
conica, recurvula, basi supra paullum excavata, haud vel vix decurrente,
atrobrunnea. Injflorescentia 6-7 m. alta; pedunculus erectus, robustus,
bracteis vacuis numerosis triangularibus acutis adpressis mox exsiccan-
tibus vestitus; panicula ampla, pedunculum fere aequans vel eo brevior,
Ne fentiadente 2 seo recta vel subcurvata, ramis circiter 15-20 patentibus
apice repetite trichotome divisis et flores numerosos luteo-virides dense
aggregatos ferentibus, post anthesin capsuligeris et abundanter bulbiferis.
Pedicelli circiter 5 mm. longi, bracteis minutis late deltoideis acutis.
Perianthii tubus obconico-campanulatus, 6-sulcatus, 15-17 mm. longus;
segmenta sublinearia, obtusa, tubi longitudine vel paullum longius, luteo-
viridia mox exsiccantia. Filamenta medio tubi affixa, luteo-viridia,
6°5 cm. longa; antherae luteae. Ovariwm subtrigono - cylindraceum,
utrinque angustatum, superne sub tubo constrictum, 3°5 cm. longum,
6-sulcatum, viride, pruinosum; stylus demum fere 8 cm. longus, stigmate
capitato. Capsula oblongo-clavata, subtrigona et 3-sulcata, circiter
5°5 cm. longa, basi stipitata, apice rostrata; semina atra, fere semi-
orbicularia, 9-10 mm. longa.—Agave ixtlioides, Lem. ex Jacobi in Hamb.
Gartenzeit. (1866), p. 214, Versuch. p. 287; non Hook. A. rigida, var.
longifolia, Engelm. in Trans. Acad. Sci. St. Louis, vol. iii. p. 361; Collected
Works, p.312. A. Ixtli, var. elongata, Baker in Gard. Chron. 1877, vol. viii.
p. 397; Ricasoli, Monogr, Agav. p. 21; Terrace. Primo Contributo, p. 44,
A. rigida, var. elongata, Baker, Handb. Amaryll. p. 181; Kew Bulletin,
1892, p. 38; .Braun in Pflanzer, vol. iv. p. 70. A. elongata, Berger, Hort.

Jan.—Marcn, 1918.

~

Mortol. 11, p. 8358; non Jacobi. A. rigida, Hort. ex Berger in Gartenwelt,
vol. ii. p. 604 cum figura, ex parte. A. Ixtli, Hort. A. longifolia, Hort.
—A. BERGER.

The Agave here figured from material supplied from a
plant that poled in 1914 in the garden of Lady Hanbury at
La Mortola, Ventimiglia, Italy, though a species that is
neither new nor rare, fully deserves a place in this work
on account of its great economic interest. It is the
species which supplies from its leaves the fibre known as
Henequen, a material which rivals in its qualities and
value, and is perhaps at times confused with the now
more familiar fibre known as Sisal. The Henequen plant
is a native of Yucatan in which province of Mexico
it is also largely cultivated. From thence it has now
spread to most countries with a tropical or semitropical
climate, and where it is not grown for the sake of its
fibre it is used as an effective hedge-plant, or as a
decorative subject in gardens. It is singular that
nothing should be known with certainty as to when or
by whom this species was first introduced to cultivation
in Europe, and even its introduction as an economic
species is obscure. It is difficult to believe that this
species and its rival A. sisalana were unknown to Jacobi,
yet there is no description by that author which agrees
entirely with either plant. As regards A. sisalana the
same is true of Lemaire, and it is only because Professor
Trelease has been able to associate Lemaire’s name
A. fourcroydes with the species now figured that we believe
Lemaire to have known the Henequen, for the original
description of the plant leaves this doubtful. Until
Trelease thus vindicated the name Lemaire had _pro-
posed, the nomenclature of the Henequen was somewhat
confused ; other authors, unwilling to establish a new
species, have endeavoured to associate the Henequen with
A, rigida, Mill., A. elongata, Jacobi, A. candelabrum, Todaro,
and yet other species from which it differs very markedly.
A. foureroydes belongs to the subgenus Euayave, and
within this its affinities are with the Sisalanae. group of
the Jigidae, among which it is characterised by its
narrow leaves and non-decurrent end-spine. Reproduc-
tion is singularly well provided for in this species. The

rosette throws out suckers ; the panicle gives rise to great
numbers of viviparous bulbils, and at the same time
ripens capsules which contain an abundance of seeds.

Description.—Shrub, developing a stem 3-4 ft. high and 10 in. thick,
emitting suckers at the base. Leaves numerous in a terminal rosette, rigidly
erecto-patent, 44 ft. long, oblanceolate-ensiform, 4 in. or more wide above the
middle, gradually narrowed towards the base, apex rather shortly acuminate,
not very fleshy, glaucous and somewhat pruinose, smooth, convex on
the upper surface near the base, then flat and channelled with upcurved
margins, underneath convex and almost keeled; margins armed from the base
to about 2-3 in. below the end-spine, basal prickles very small, often confluent,
the others about 1-14 in. apart, blackish, with a broad horny base and a fine
short point, 1-2 lin. long, the lower recurved, the others upcurved (sometimes
the point twice bent), the margin between almost straight; end-spine stout,
conic, 1} in. long, a little recurved, not decurrent, round, grooved below the
middle, blackish-brown. Inflorescence about 18-21 ft. high, straight or slightly
curved at the top; scape stout, green, with numerous adpressed triangular
acute empty bracts; panicle oblong-pyramidal, rather loose, with about 15-20
branches, which are patent, tripartite at the top, with numerous flowers in
dense clusters; pedicels very short; bracts minute, deltoid, soon withering.
Flowers 23-3 in. long. Perianth tube about % in. long, 6-furrowed, broadly
obconic-campanulate; segments about as long as or a little longer than the
tube, linear, obtuse, yellowish-green, soon withering. Filaments inserted in
the middle of the tube, 2-21 in. long; anthers 1 in. long, yellow. Ovary
cylindric-clavate, somewhat triangular, green, pruinose, constricted at the
top, 1} in. long; style 3 in. long; stigma clavate. Capsule oblong-clavate,
obtusely triangular, 3-furrowed, with stipitate base and beaked apex, over
2 in. long. Seeds almost semiorbicular, 43-5 lin. long, black. Bulbils very
numerous. ;

Tan. 8746.—Figs. 1 and 2, anthers; 3, stigma; 4, sketch of an entire plant:
—all enlarged except 4, which is much reduced.

8747

{7

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L.Reeve & C9? London

Tas. 8747.
RHODODENDRON prostrRatuM.

Yunnan,

ERIcACEAE. Tribe RHODOREAE.

RuHopopenpkron, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 599.

-

Rhododendron prostratum, W. W. Smith in Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinb.
vol. viii. p. 202 (1914); affinis R. nivali, Hook. f., et R. Websteriano,
Rehd. et E. H. Wils., ab illo foliis ciliatis, pedicellis dense albido-villosis,
ab hoc habitu prostrato floribus pedicellatis differt.

Fruticulus usque ad 10 cm. altus, rami numerosi, prostrati, vetustiores brunnei
vel cinerei, juniores pallide virides, pilis debilibus albidis eglandulosis
densiusculis ornati; ramuli juniores 2-2°5 em. longi, cum ramulis annotinis
laxe foliati, dense cinereo-lepidoti. Folia oblongo-elliptica, apice obtusa
vel rotundata, conspicue mucronata, basi late obtusa vel rotundata, 1°5-2
cm. longa, 0°6-1 em. lata, tenuiter coriacea, margine revoluto primum pilis
debilibus albidis longe ciliato demum fere glabro, supra nitida, viridia,
glabra, infra squamulis parvis contiguis albidis demum pallide brunneis
dense obtecta ; costa media supra impressa, infra elevata, parce lepidota ;
nervi laterales supra conspicui, utrinsecus circiter 6, infra evanidi ; petioli
2°5 mm. longi, parce lepidoti et setosi. Flores in umbellam terminalem
1-3-floram dispositi; perulae exteriores oblongo-lanceolatae, apice sub-
foliaceae, mucronatae, circiter 7 mm. longae, brunneae, extra hispido-
pubescentes, interiores obovatae vel oblanceolatae, acute et abrupte
caudato-mucronatae, dorso carinatae et parce pubescentes; pedicelli
subcernui, 2 cm. longi, dense albido-villosi et minute lepidoti. Calyx
magnus, flavo-viridis, ad basin 5-lobatus; lobi_ basi conspicue imbricati,
late obovato-rotundati, 8 mm. longi, 6-7 mm. lati, extra glabri, margine
parce ciliati. Corolla perlate infundibuliformis, coccineo-violacea, limbo
patulo dorso rubro-maculato ; tubus vix 1 cm, longus, utrinque molliter
pubescens; lobi 5, ovato-rotundati, basi late auriculati, 1:5 em. longi,
1:5-1°8 em. lati, extra parce pubescentes, haud lepidoti. Stamia 9-10,
corollae tubo longiora; filamenta violacea, usque ad 1:3 cm. longa, apice
incurva, prope basin dense villosa; antherae atro-brunneae, 2°5 min.
longae. Ovariwm minute et dense lepidotum, 3 mm. longum; stylus
rubescens, glaber, corolla aequalis, stamina multo superans, stigmate
rubro-brunneo capitato coronatus.—J. HuTcHINson.

The dwarf Rhododendron here figured is a native of
Yunnan, where it was discovered in June, 1910, by
Mr. G. Forrest, as a prostrate shrub 24 inches high,
trailing over rocks and on moist peaty soil almost at —
the limit of vegetation, on the .eastern flank of the
Likiang Range at elevations of 15,000-16,000 feet.

Jan.-Marca, 1918,

Seeds sent by Mr. Forrest to Mr. J. C. Williams,
Caerhays Castle, were sown there in 1910, and the
material for our figure has been provided by a plant
presented to Kew by Mr. Williams which flowered in
April, 1917. This species, which has been named
ft. prostratum at Edinburgh by Mr. W. W. Smith, comes
near to #?. nivale, Hook. f., from Sikkim, with which it
agrees in habit, but from which it differs in having larger
ciliate leaves and densely villous flower-stalks. There is
no doubt that &. prostratum is one of the most distinct
and beautiful of the dwarf species now in cultivation.
It has shown itself perfectly hardy in this country so far
as winter cold is concerned, but whether its flowers will
escape the later frosts remains to be seen. The month
of April, 1917, being very inclement, the Kew plant was
taken into a cool greenhouse as soon as the flower-buds
began to open, in order to preserve the blossoms from
injury by the frost and snow then prevailing.

DEscriPTion.—Shrublet, 2-4 in. high ; twigs numerous, prostrate, the older
ones brown or grey, the younger pale green, beset with rather dense weak white
hairs; new shoots 3-1 in. long, laxly leafy like the shoots of the previous
season, densely grey lepidote. Leaves oblong-elliptic, apex blunt or rounded,
conspicuously mucronate, base broadly rounded or truneate, $f in. long, }-} in.
wide, thinly coriaceous, margin revolute at first ciliate with weak white hairs,
at length almost glabrous, green, polished and glabrous above, beneath closely
beset with small contiguous scales at first white, at length pale brown ; midrib
impressed above, raised beneath, sparingly lepidote ; lateral nerves about 6 on
each side, the midrib conspicuous above, obscure beneath ; petiole ;; in. long,
sparingly lepidote and setose. Flowers in terminal 1-3-flowered umbels; outer
bud-scales oblong-lanceolate with mucronate foliaceous tips, about in. long,
brown, hispidly pubescent outside; inner bud-scales obovate or oblanceolate,
acutely and abruptly caudate-mucronate, keeled on the back, and sparingly
pubescent; pedicels slightly nodding, in. long, densely white villous and
minutely lepidote. Calyz large, yellowish-green, 5-lobed to the base; lobes
markedly imbricate below, wide obovate-rounded, 3 in. long, } in. wide, glabrous
outside, margin sparingly ciliate. Corolla very wide funnel-shaped, pink-
violet, limb spreading, dotted with red behind ; tube 2 in. long, softly pubescent
on both sides ; lobes 5, ovate-rounded, wide auricled at the base, 2 in. long,
3~ in. wide, sparingly pubescent outside but not lepidote. Stamens 9-10,
longer than the corolla-tube ; filaments violet, over 4 in. long, incurved at the
top, densely villous near the base; anthers dark brown, ;); in. long. Ovary
finely and densely lepidote, # in. long; style reddish, glabrous, as long as the
corolla, considerably larger than the stamens ; stigma reddish-brown, capitate.

Tas. 8747.—Fig. 1, part of leaf showing the margin and under surface;

2, scale from the same ; 3, calyx and pistil ; 4, corolla, laid open; 5 and 6,
stamens; 7, ovary :—all enlarged,

Rea Sere, eRe

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29

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MS .del. IN.Fitch lith.

L Reeve & C°L,ondon.

Tas. 8748.
ECHEVERIA seE Tosa.

Mexico.

CRASSULACEAE,

Ecueveria, DC.; Rose in N. Amer, Fl. vol. xxii. p. 13; Benth. et Hook. Ff. Gen.
Plant. vol. i. p. 659, sub Cotyledon, Linn.

Echeveria setosa, Rose ef Purpus in Contrib. U.S. Nat. Herb. vol. xiii. p. 45;
Rose in Addisonia, i. 11, cum icon.; a speciebus ceteris foliis et inflore-
scentiis albo-setosis differt.

Herba succulenta, acaulescens. Folia usque ad 100 vel ultra, in rosulam
densam 7-10 cm. diametro, 4-7 cm. altam collecta, sessilia, supra fere
plana, subtus convexa, oblanceolato-spathulata, ad 5 cm. longa, 1°8 em.
lata, 5 mm. crassa, mucronato-cuspidata, viridia, nitida, pilis patentibus
utrinque albo-setosa. Scapt e foliorum superiorum axillis orti, 1-4 ex
quaque rosula, 10-12 cm. longi, laxe foliati, foliis anguste oblongis.
Inflorescentiae scorpioideae, simplices vel bifurcatae; bracteae inferiores
1-1-5 cm. longae, apice basique angustatae, utrinque convexae, superiores
gradatim minores; pedicelli inferiores-1-3 em. longi. Sepala patula,
lineari-oblonga, viridia, ad 10 mm. longa, 2-3 mm. lata. Corolla
10-16 mm. longa, basi rubra, apice flava, intus levis, extra leviter setosa
fere ad basin in segmenia lineari-oblonga fissa. Stamina 10, inclusa, alba.
Carpella 4-5 mm. longa, in stylum gradatim attenuata; stylus 4-5 mm.
longus, viridis.—M. L. Green.

The genus Lcheveria was proposed by Decandolle in
1828 for those species from America which earlier
authors had referred to Cotyledon, originally founded by
Linnaeus on African and Mediterranean plants. The
new genus differed from Cotyledon mainly in having the
petals connate only at the base and the stamens shorter
than the petals. In 1865 Bentham and Hooker declined
to accept these differential characters as adequate. In
their view the only character by which Echeverta could
be distinguished from Cotyledon is to be found in the —
pentagonal corolla. But floristic convenience at times
finds monographic canons unduly severe, and its dictates
have induced Dr. Rose to reconsider the verdict of the
Genera Plantarum. In 1903 this careful student reverted
to the view of Decandolle, and two years later definitely

Jan.~Marcu, 1918,

resuscitated Echeveria, which as defined by him, includes
some sixty species, mostly Mexican, though some occur
in Central America, a few in South America, and one is
met with in Texas. It has to be noted, however, that
_while he accepts the view of Decandolle in preference
to that of Bentham and Hooker, the character on which
Dr. Rose lays greatest stress is that pointed out in the
Genera Plantarum ; Echeveria, Rose, as contrasted with
Lcheveria, DC., must consequently be held to include
several South African plants with a pentagonal corolla.
This suggests consequences which need not be discussed
in connection with /. setosa, the species now figured,
which has, so far, only received a name in the genus
Echeveria. This plant, readily distinguished from all its
congeners by its setose leaves, was discovered in 1907 by
Dr. C. A. Purpus on the Cerro de la Yerba, near San Luis
Tultitlanapa, Puebla, South Mexico. Plants were pre-
sented to Kew in 1910 by Dr. Britton, New York Botanic
Garden, and in 1912 another was acquired from Messrs,
Haage and Schmidt, Erfurt. From the latter, which
flowered in 1914, our figure has been prepared ; two
smaller leaves have been added to the plate from a
plant presented by Dr. Britton. In England £. setosa
can only be grown under greenhouse conditions. It
flowers regularly and produces offsets freely.

DeEscription.—Herb, succulent, stemless. Leaves 100 or more, clustered in
_ & dense rosette 3-4 in. across, and 13-3 in. high, sessile, almost flat above,

convex beneath, oblanceolate-spathulate, up to 2 in. long, ? in. wide, 2 in. thick,
mucronate-cuspidate, green, polished, white-setose on both faces with spreading
hairs. Scapes 4-5 in. long, 1-4 to each rosette, from the axils of the upper
leaves, sparsely beset with narrow oblong leaves. Inflorescence scorpioid,
simple or forked ; lowermost bracts 5~s in. long, narrowed to the tip and to the
base, convex on both faces, gradually decreasing upwards ; lower pedicels 2-11
in. long. Sepals spreading, linear-oblong, green, up to ¢ in. long, 7;-1 in. wide.
Corolla $-4 in. long, red towards the base, yellow above, smooth within, finely
setose without, split almost to the base into 5 linear-oblong segments. Stamens
10, included, white. Carpels 1-1 in. long, gradually narrowed into green
cylindric styles 3-2 in. long.

Tas. 8748.—Fig, 1, petal and stamen; 2, pistil ; 8, sketch of an entire plant ;
A, A, leaves from the Erfurt plant figured; B, B, leaves from a plant received
from New York :—ail enlarged except 8, which is much reduced,

8749

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Tas. 8749.
PETUNIA INTEGRIFOLIA.

South America.

SonanaceaE. Tribe SALPIGLOSSIDAE.
Petunia, Juss.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 907.

Petunia integrifolia, Hort. ex Harrison, Floricult. Cab. vol. i. p. 144 (1833) ;
Schinz & Thellung in Vierteljahrsschr. Nat. Ges. Ziirich, vol. 1x. p. 361
(1915) ; species P. inflatae, R. E. Fries, valde affinis, sed pedunculis post
anthesin ‘plus minusve deflexis, floribus capsulis et seminibus paulum
majoribus differt.

Herba vel suffrutex diffuse ramosus, fere ubique glanduloso-pubescens ; rami
graciles, teretes, prostrati, decumbentes vel interdum adscendentes. Folia
alternata, breviter petiolata, saepius elliptico-lanceolata, interdum ovato-
lanceolata vel lanceolata, integerrima, apice acuta, basi cuneata, petiolo
incluso 2°5-8 cm. longa, saepe 4-5 cm. longa, 1°5-8°5 cm. lata. Bracteae
oppositae, foliis simillimae sed minores. Flores simulanter axillares,
solitarii, pedunculati. Pedunculi graciles, 1-6°5 saepe 8-4 cm. longi,
primum adscendentes, post anthesin plus minusve deflexi. Calyx 1°5-38 cm,
longus, leviter accrescens, subaequaliter 5-partitus; segmenta spathulato-
linearia vel ligulata, subacuta, 1*2-8 cm. longa, 1 -75-5 mm. lata. Corolla
primum laete roseo-purpurea, demum pallidior, extra pallide roseo-pur-
purea, tubo extra purpura suffuso et lineis purpureis notato ; tubus circiter
2°5 cm. longus, e basi angusta valde ventricosus, apicem versus circiter
1-2 cm. latus ; limbus leviter 2-labiatus, breviter 5-lobatus; lobi 1°6-1°8
em. lati, rotundati. Stamina 5, inclusa, quorum 4 didynama, antheris

per paria conniventibus, quinto minore; filamenta glabra. Ovarium
ovoideum, vix 8 mm. longum, glabrum, basi disco angusto cireumdatum ;
stylus glaber, stamina longiora vix aequans ; stigma discoideo-capitatum.
Capsula ovoidea, apiculata, circiter 8 mm. longa et6mm. lata.— P. phoenicea,
D. Don, in Sweet, Brit. Fl. Gard. ser. 2, vol. ii. sub t. 172 (1882); Loud.
Gard. Mag. vol. ix. p. 707. P. violacea, Lindl. Bot. Reg. vol. xix. t. 1626
(1883) ; Paxton, Mag. Bot. vol. i. p. 7, cum tab. col.; Rennie, Mag. Bot. &
Gard. vol. ii. p. 117, t. 35, fig. 8; G. Don, Gen. Syst. vol. iv. p. 468; Miers
in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. vol. v. p. 185; Sendtner in Mart. Fl. Bras.
vol. x. p. 172; Dunal in DC. Prodr. vol. xiii. pars 1, p. 578; R. E. Fries
in K. Svensk. Vet.-Akad. Handl. vol. xlvi. no. 5, p. 58, t. 2, figs. 2-4 & t. 5,
fig. 8 a-d (1911). P. dichotoma, Sendtner in Mart. Fl. Bras vol. xX. p. 173

_ (1846) ; Dunal in DC. Prodr. vol. xiii. pars 1, p. 576. Salpiglossis integri-
folia, Hook. in Bot. Mag. t. 8118 (1831); Lodd. Bot. Cab, t. 1978.
Nierembergia phoenicea, D. Don in Sweet, Brit. Fl. Gard. ser. 2, vol. ii.
sub t. 172 (1882) et t. 193 (1838) ; Harrison, Floricult. Cab. vol. i. p. 144,
t. 8, fiz. 2. N. punicea, G. Don, Gen. Syst. vol. iv. p. 468 (1887).
Stimoryne purpurea, Rafin. Fl. Tellur. pars iii. p. 76 (1886). Nicotiana
integrifolia, O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. 2, p. 223 (1898).—S. A. SEAN.

; The plant figured here under the name of Petunia
integrifolia (though much better known as P. violacea)
Jan.-Manrcg, 1918.

first appeared in our gardens in 1831, having been raised
from seeds sent to the Glasgow Botanic Garden by John
(by some writers erroneously called James) Tweedie, who
was at that time residing in Buenos Aires. The genus,
now comprising twenty-nine species, was established in
1803 by Jussieu who, at the same date, described two
species, P. parviflora and P. nyctaginiflora. There was.an
interval of nearly thirty years before the third species,
the subject of this note, was discovered. P. nyctaginiflora,
which appears to have been in cultivation in the Jardin
des Plantes, Paris, in 1820, was figured at t. 2552 of this
Magazine in 1825, yet it seems to have been so far over-
looked when Sir William Hooker described Tweedie’s
new introduction six years later that the latter was not
recognised as belonging to the same genus, and was
published at t. 3113 as Salpiglossis integrifolia, the figure
then given being scarcely a faithful representation of the
species. The plant immediately became a favourite.
Pretty and graceful as it was in itself its possibilities as a
subject for crossing with P. nyctaginiflora were quickly
-Tealised. Florists took it up with remarkable success ;
artists repeatedly made drawings of it, and often poor
ones, and botanists repeatedly described it, giving it at
least nine names under five different genera. A hybrid
was first obtained in 1834 by a nurseryman named
Atkins of Northampton, and this was figured and
described in Sweet’s Brit. Fl. Gard. ser. 2, vol. iii. t. 268
as Nierembergia Atkinsiana. Many forms of the hybrid
soon appeared in gardens, and three were figured at
t. 3556 of the Botanical Magazine. Details as to the
evolution and history of the Petunia have been given by
L. H. Bailey (Survival of the Unlike, p. 465), Le Texnier
(Rev. Hort. 1908, p. 377) and Lotsy (Archives Néerlan-
daises, ser. 3 B, vol. ii. p. 221). The true P. integrifolia
disappeared from cultivation, though plants passing
under the name of /. vivlacea were still met with in
collections. The P. violacea which has been cultivated
in the Chelsea Physic Garden for many years—it was
found there when Mr. Hales became Curator in 1899—is
quite distinct from the true plant. It has an erect habit
of growth, rather like that of P. nyctaginiflora, and bright
rose-coloured flowers, with a whitish throat and a pallid

exterior; the corolla-tube is rather longer than that of
P. integrifolia, and is funnel-shaped rather than ventricose.
It agrees with the description of P. violacea var. “ Gloire
de Segrez’”’ in Vilmorin-Andrieux, Les Fleurs de Pleine
Terre, ed. 3, p. 848, which was raised from a garden
Petunia known as “ Marquis de la Ferté.”’ It is said to
reproduce itself exactly by seed, and is believed to be
the same as P. violacea oculata, Hort., and P. ‘‘ Countess
of Eliesmere.”” In 1911 an effort was made by Kew to
secure the re-introduction of the true P. integrifolia from
South America, and a request for seeds was sent to
Sir Reginald Tower, His Majesty’s Minister at Buenos
Aires, who had on many previous occasions given
invaluable help to the establishment. The trouble he gave
himself in consequence of this request seemed endless,
and amongst others whom he interested in the search for
the plant should especially be mentioned Mr. Carlos
Thays, at that time Director-General of Public Parks,
Buenos Aires, and Mr. C. E. R. Rowland, Vice-Consul at
Monte Video, since 1916 Vice-Consul in Mexico, where,
we deeply regret to hear, he died in 1917. Mr. Rowland
was at last successful in obtaining seeds of both P. integri-
folia and. P. nyctaginiflora from a virgin district on the
banks of one of the small tributaries of the River Plate
in Uruguay, and these reached Kew in September,
1916. <A plant of P. integrifolia raised from these seeds
flowered in June, 1917, and provided the material for our
figure. The species is now known from the Southern
states of Brazil, from Paraguay, Uruguay and the
Argentine Republic. It appears to vary considerably,
and there js reason to believe from specimens in the
Kew Herbarium that there are natural hybrids between
it and P. nyctaginiflora. Dr. Fries has described as a
subspecies, named depauperata, a form with smaller
leaves, shorter peduncles and smaller flowers. His
P. inflata must be very closely allied to P. integrifolia,
and judging from the specimens at Kew, which, it should
be stated, form but a small part of the material cited by
Dr. Fries, it cannot be satisfactorily distinguished. It is
characterised mainly by the peduncles remaining erect
after flowering, while in P. integrifolia they are more or
less deflexed. The cultivation of P. integrifolia presents

no difficulty other than those experienced in connection
with the very varied garden Petunias which are now
generally raised from seed. As long ago as 1866
Mr. Naudin pointed out that neither P. integrifolia nor
P. nyctaginiflora vary when raised from their own seed,
but that when intercrossed they yield hybrids as fertile
as themselves ; these hybrids being all alike in the first
generation, but in the second varying in the most
remarkable degree. Modern Petunias owe more to the
skill and attention of Mr. E. Benary of Erfurt than to
any other cultivator. Mr. Benary separates his forms
into several groups and claims that some thirty per cent.
of his forms come true from seed. The plants are treated
as tender annuals and are largely grown for summer
bedding ; the seeds are germinated in spring in heat and
the seedlings planted out of doorsin May. The plants
may also be grown in pots for conservatory decoration.
A light soil and abundance of summer heat and direct
sunshine are essential to their freedom of growth and
flower. In Mr. Benary’s experience the best Petunias are
not those that show most vigour in the seedling stage. For
this reason he has always made it his practice to discard

the strongest seedlings when pricking them out from the
seed pan.

Description.—Herdb or undershrub, diffusely branched, glandular pubescent
in nearly all its parts; branches slender, terete, prostrate, decumbent or
occasionally ascending. Leaves alternate, short petioled, usually elliptic-
lanceolate or lanceolate, quite entire, acute, base cuneate, including the petiole
1-3 in. long, blade often 13-2 in. long, 2-13 in. wide. Bracts opposite, like
the leaves but somewhat smaller. Flowers pseudo-axillary, solitary, peduncled ;
peduncles slender, 3-2! in. (usually 1}-13 in.) long, at first ascending, after
flowering more or less deflexed. Calyx 3-1} in. long, slightly aecrescent,
subequally 5-partite; segments spathulate-linear or ligulate, subacute, 4-1}
in. long, 75-3 in. wide. Corolla at first bright rose-purple, becoming at length
paler, outside pale rose-purple with the tube outside suffused with purple and
marked with deeper purple lines; tube abouti1 in. long, ventricose above the
narrow base, towards the top nearly } in. across ; limb slightly 2-lipped and
shortly 5-lobed ; lobes 2-8 in. wide, rounded. Stamens 5, included, the four
longer didynamous with their anthers connivent in pairs, the fifth distinctly
smaller; filaments glabrous. Ovary ovoid, barely 1 in. long, glabrous,
surrounded at the base by a narrow disk ; style glabrous, hardly as long as the

longest pair of stamens; stigma discoid-capitate. Capsule ovoid, apiculate,
about } in. long and } in. wide.

Tas. 8749.—Fig. 1, calyx and pistil; 2, lower portion of corolla-tube laid

open, showing the stamens; 3 and 4, stamens; 5, ovary and disk :—all
enlarged,

8750

Vincen

L. Reeve & C°London.

Tas. 8750.
RHODODENDRON sBracHyAnTHUM.

Yunnan.

ERIcackEakE. Tribe RHODOREAE.

Ruopopenpron, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. J. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 599.

Rhododendron brachyanthum, Franch. in Bull, Soc. Bot. Fr. vol. XXXiii.
p. 234 (1886) ; affinis R. campylogyno, Franch., sed perulis caducis, foliis
basi haud cuneatis marginibus integris, pedicellis brevioribus floribus flavis
differt.

Frutex parce ramosus ; rami crassi, stricti, rigidi; ramuli annotini apicem
versus laxe foliati, minute lepidoti, cortice brunneo nitido obtecti,
innovationibus densiuscule flavo-lepidotis. Folia eliiptica vel oblongo-
elliptica, utrinque obtusa, apice crasse apiculata, 2-4 em. longa, 1-2 cm.
lata, rigide coriacea, supra viridia et inconspicue glandulosa, infra con-
spicue glauca et parce glanduloso-lepidota; costa media supra leviter
impressa, infra valde prominens et glandulosa sed haud glauca; nervi
laterales aliquantum jineonspicui, supra impressi; petioli 4-5 mm.
longi, crassi, glandulosi. Flores umbellati terminales, 3-4-nati; perulae
caducae, coriaceae, dense ciliatiae, dorso glandulosae, exteriores foliaceae
et infra glaucae; pedicelli erecti vel subnutantes, circiter 2 cm. longi,
glanduloso-lepidoti. Calyx amplus, subfoliaceus, profunde 5-lobatus,
basin versus extra dense lepidotus, lobis ovato-oblongis apice rotundatis
dorso parce lepidotis circiter 8 mm. longis et 5 mm. latis marginibus
undulatis glabris. Corolla pallide flava; tubus late campanulatus 1 em.
longus, glaber ; lobi 5, latissime ovati, basi auriculati, 6 mm. longi, 6-8 cm.
lati. Stamina 10, corolla paulo breviora; filamenta inferne dense villosa ;
antherae flavo-brunneae, 2 mm. longae. Ovarium 5-loculare, dense
viridi-lepidotum ; stylus staminibus subaequilongus, crassus, glaber, in
stigma capitato-disciforme sensim ampliatus. Fructus haud visus.—
J. Hurcuinson,

The neat Rhododendron here figured is a native of
Yunnan, where it was discovered by Mr. G. Forrest in
open rocky situations in dry pine forests on the eastern
flank of the Tali Range, at 11,000 feet, and on the
Mekong-Salwin Divide to the north-west of Tse-kou at
13,000. feet. In the latter locality it has also been
collected by the Rev. Pére Monbeig, while in the former
it was obtained on Tsang-chau by the Abbé Delavay,
whose specimens, which match exactly that now figured,
were made the basis of &. brachyanthum, Franch. Our
plant, it may be mentioned, is by some authorities
tegarded as a form of the plant subsequently described

Jan.-Marcu, 1918,

by Franchet as R. sulphureum. Should this prove to be
the case the latter name must disappear from our lists.
The material for our plate has been derived from a plant
raised from seed supplied by Mr. Forrest to Mr. J. C.
Williams, Caerhays, who informs us that in spite of the
affection of the plant for open situations in its native
home, and though it is not a shade-loving species, it does
not survive in this country if given a hot place in the
sun. With partial shade it proves quite hardy. When
in fruit, as Mr. Williams points out, it is exceedingly like
R. glaucum, Hook. f., a native of Sikkim with rose-lilac
flowers and acute calyx-lobes. It is also very nearly
allied to &. campylogynum, Franch., a Yunnan species
with pale rose-purple flowers.

Descriprion.—Shrub, sparingly branched; branches stout, strict, stiff; twigs
of the previous season laxly leafy upwards, finely lepidote, clothed with brown
polished bark; young twigs densely covered with yellow scales. Leaves
elliptic or oblong-elliptic, obtuse and distinctly mucronate, base obtuse, }-1}
in. long, 3-3 in. wide, firmly coriaceous, green and sparsely lepidote above, very
glaucous and sparingly glandular-lepidote beneath ; midrib faintly sunk above,
distinctly raised beneath and there glandular but not glaucous; lateral nerves
rather inconspicuous, sunk above; petiole 2-1 in. long, stout, glandular.
Flowers umbellate, terminal, 3-4 together; scales caducous, coriaceous,
densely ciliate, glandular on the back, the outermost leafy and glaucous below ;
pedicels erect or slightly drooping, about 3 in. long, glandular-lepidote. Calyx
large, rather leafy, deeply 5-lobed, lepidote towards the base outside, about
3 in. long, } in. wide, margins undulate, glabrous. Corolla pale yellow; tube
wide campanulate, 2 in. long, glabrous; lobes 5, very wide ovate, auriculate at
the base, } in. long, 1—} in. wide. Stamens 10, rather shorter than the corolla ;
filaments densely villous below; anthers yellowish-brow |, ;; in. long. Ovary
5-locular, densely green-lepidote; style about as long as the stamens, stout,
glabrous, widened above into the flat-cap stigma. Fruit not seen.

‘Tas. 8750.—Fig. 1, part of a leaf; 2, calyx and pistil; 3, scales from
= ! 4 and 5, stamens; 6, ovary; 7, transverse section of ovary :—all
enlarged.

ghey.

= ny

est

M.8.del JNFiutch Lith.

Vincent Brooks, D ay& SonL¥ unp.

lL, Reeve &C London.

Tas. 8751.
ASPARAGUS FALcatus.

Ceylon; Tropical and Extratropical South Africa.

LintaceakE. Tribe ASPARAGEAE.

Asparacus, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 765.

Asparagus falcatus, Linn. Spec. Plant. ed. i. p. 449; Bresler, Gen. Aspar.
Hist. no. 2; Kunth, Enum. Plant. vol. v. p. 71; Baker in Journ. Linn.
Soc. Bot. vol. xiv. p. 626, in Dyer, Fl. Cap. vol. vi. p. 271 (partim), et in
Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. vol. vii. p. 485 (partim) ; Hook. in Trim. Handb. FI.
Ceyl. iv. p. 285 ; species ex aflinitate A. Sprengeri, Regel, a qua cladodiis
falcatis latioribus differt.

Frutex late vagans. Caules robusti, teretes, lignosi; rami tenues, flexuosi,
teretes, lignosi, straminei. Folia caulium in spinas validas pungentes
patentes mutata. Cladodia lateralia 1-3-nata, ad ramorum apices
6-8-nata, lanceolata, faleata, 4-5 cm. longa, 83-5 mm. lata, laete virentia,
firma. Racemi axillares, 1-3-nati, 5 cm. longi; pedicelli 1-3-nati, medio
articulati,. 2-8 mm. longi; bracteolae ovatae, quam pedicelli dimidio
breviores. Flores albi, suaves. Perianthium campanulatum; segmenta
patentia, oblonga, obtusa, integra, 2 mm. longa. Stamina perianthio
paullo breviora; antherae minutae. Ovarium ovoideum, basi con-
strictum ; stylus brevis, rotunde 8-lobus. Bacca globosa, 6 mm. diametro,
saepius 1-sperma.—A. foliis falcatis, etc., J. Burm. Thes. Zeyl. p. 36, t. 13,
fig. 2. A. aethiopicus, var. ternifolius, Baker in Gard. Chron. 1872,
p- 1588, fig. 338; nec in Saund. Ref. Bot. t. 261.—C. H. Wricur.

The Asparagus here figured is an old garden plant
which has long been in cultivation as a greenhouse
climber. It is a native of Ceylon, where it is known as
the Hatawariya. This, however, is an outlying locality
for the species, though it happened to be the region from
which the species was originally known, for it occurs also in
Tropical Africa and in the Eastern region of South Africa
outside the Tropics. As its nearest ally, A. Sprengeri,
Regel, is a native of the last mentioned region the
possibility of our plant being an early introduction to
Ceylon should not be overlooked. There is a fine
example of A. falcatus in the Temperate House at Kew
which forms a screen thirty feet high, clothing a staircase
at the northern end of the building. In those seasons in

JAN.—~Marcu, 1918

which this plant flowers freely, which it usually does in
June when it blossoms at all, the whole building becomes
pervaded by its honey-like odour. Another example,
from which the material for our figure has been derived,
forms a striking mass which drapes one of the pillars in
the Succulent House. Like the companion plant this
only flowers freely in certain seasons ; it did so profusely
in June, 1913. The species thrives best if planted in
poor gravelly soil; it may be propagated either from
seeds when these are produced, or by means of cuttings
taken from the smaller branches. The figure supplied by
Burmann, which Linnaeus has cited, appears to be a bad
drawing; it shows the flowers as fascicled, which is not
the case with our species. There has been some confusion
between A. falcatus now figured and its Natal ally,
A. Sprengeri, the fruit of which has been figured at
t. 8052 of this work, while its flowers have been figured,
under the name A. ternifolius, Hook. f., at t. 7728;
A. Sprengeri has also been figured in Saunders’ ‘ Re-
fugium” as A. aethiopicus, var. ternifolius. Both plants
belong to a group of species in the genus Asparagus
characterised by having flattened cladodia and race-
Mose inflorescences. But they are readily distinguished
because in A. Sprengeri the cladodia are straight
instead of falcate and are but half as broad as those of
A, falcatus, while the prickles on the main-stem of
A. Sprengeri are smaller than those of A. falcatus and are
hooked. The two species agree in having terete.
branchlets, and in this character both differ from
A, aethiopicus, Linn., with which they have been confused,
but which has the branchlets strongly angled.

Dsscrirrion.— Shrub, widely scandent. Stems stout, terete, woody;
branchlets slender, flexuous, terete, woody, straw-coloured. Leaves of the
ak reduced to rigid, sharp, spreading spines. Cladodes along the stem
1k A — at the ends of the twigs in clusters of 6-8, lanceolate, falcate,
o"% in. long, 4-3 in. wide, bright green, firm. Racemes axillary, 1-3 together,
b in. long; pedicels 1-3 together, jointed near the middle, ;—-} in. long;
Pierce ovate, half the length of the pedicels. Flowers white, sweet scented.
hese campanulate; lobes spreading, oblong, obtuse, entire, ;); in. long.

mens rather shorter than the perianth-lobes ; anthers minute. Ovary ovoid,

narrowed at the base; style sh : vol
across, usually 1-seeded. ort, roundly 3-lobed. Berry globose, 2 in.

Tas, 8751.—Fig. 1, a flower ; 2 and 3, stamens :—all enlarged.

A Practical Guide to Flower Gardening te Amatear eee
which is added some Suggestions on ae Hood Plants durin,

By E. T. ELLIS, FRH. Sa

_ “4 Garden is a place for flowers, a place where one may doster a passion fe
loveliness, may learn the magic of colour, ae, the glory ve pene and segue sympa
vis Nature in her higher moods,” _

: ABSTRACT OF CONTENTS.—StartInG A Gasp Asin Lea atau
-PERENNIALS—Cotour Borprrs—THE Rock Garpex—Roses—Borps—WEEDS, ;
“anp Diseases—-PROPAGATION OF PLants—Sor1~s AND MaNURES AND ‘mere Mana
‘MENT— EXPERIMENT IN -Ganpexina — Proronesque Vv EGETABLE ‘CxS

NS

"Fourth Revised 1 Eaition. Oetoner, 1 ‘

= Series of 1315 Wood Heparin! witlt ‘Gisce lions
Plants. Drawn by W. H. Firen, F.LS., with additions |
Surrn, F.L.S.- Forming an illustrated companion to BENTH:
HANDBOOK Nd THE BRITISH SUR cae

ions. “In the body of the work many synonyms are now added. under each ill i
together with the English names eis an. sodpehice ss the eolour # the flowe:

(x98) 8742.
(1918) 8743.0
“(zg18) 8744,

le (1918) 8745, :

(igx8) 8746,

(0918)

Nos

VOL, XIV.
PRIL, MAY, JUNE, 1918.

OF NEW AND ) RARE

SIR DAVID PRAIN, CMG,

Director, Ropal Botanic Gar

IS: “he Calbae. Caftraria. ied Port ocr: ~
ARVEY aC ay ‘W. Sonper, continued by Sir W. T. THISELTON-DyER,
RS. Nine: Vols. coe: as ged: ome oon each, ee where Papi

AL IC. By Das, Dees ERS, ©
r "ousncox-Des, $8: eee Shore wea as as follows,

whe

8752

a.
Vincent Brooks, Day * Son LY mp

MS.del. JN Fitch lith.

»

L.Reeve&C ° London.

TAB. 8752.
PRIMULA ANISODORA.

Yunnan.

PRIMULACEAE. Tribe PRIMULEAE.'

Prmuns, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 681.

Primula (§ Candelabra) anisodora, Balf. f. et Forr. in Notes Roy. Bot. Gard.
Edinb. vol. ix. p. 147 (1916) ; species P. glycosmate, Petitm., affinis foliis
brevioribus, bracteis longioribus, corolla atro-purpurea, lobis brevibus sub-
quadrangularibus differt.

Herba efarinosa, usque ad 1 m. alta. Folia oblongo-oblanceolata, apice
rotundata, apiculata, basi in petiolum late alatum sensim attenuata,
15-20 cm. longa, 5-7 cm. lata, chartacea, crebre et acute repando-denti-
culata, laete viridia, supra glabra, infra plus minusve glanduloso-foveolata ;
nervi laterales utrinsecus circiter 10, a costa sub angulo 45° abeuntes,
utrinque distincti; costa pallidiora, in petiolo rubro-venoso complanata.
Flores in umbellam terminalem interruptam dispositi; pedunculus
robustus; bracteae lineares, acutae, usque ad 1 cm. longae, glabrae ;
pedicelli 1-1-3 cm. longi, nutantes. Calyx campanulatus; tubus 4 mm. .
longus, ruber et viridis; lobi late ovati, apiculati, 1°75 mm. longi, circiter .
1°5 mm. lati. Corolla extra atro-purpurea, intra lobos rubro-purpurea, ore
flavo; tubus basi cylindricus, superne subcampanulato-expansus, circiter
1 em. longus; lobi plerumque 5, subquadrangulares. Antherae medio
tubo insertae, oblongae. Stylus ovario aequilongus, stigmate globoso
coronato. Capsula subglobosa, calycem vix auctum paullo superans, stylo-
podio nigro-rubro crenulato coronata, valvis 5 dehiscens.—J. HuTcHINnson.

This striking Primula was discovered by Mr. G. Forrest
in open moist pastures on the mountains of the Chungtien
Plateau in Yunnan, at an altitude of about 11,000 feet
above the sea, in July, 1913. He met with the species
again in the same general locality in July, 1914. The
flowers are of a deep purple, almost black colour, and all
parts of the plant when fresh are strongly aromatic, the
odour resembling that of aniseed. Owing to this circum-
stance Professor Bayley Balfour and Mr. Forrest in
describing the species have given it the name P. aniso-
dora. Seeds of the 1913 introduction, presented by
Mr. J. C. Williams of Caerhays Castle, Cornwall, in 1915,
yielded plants which flowered in the Rock Garden at
Kew at the end of June, 1916. It has proved quite

Aprit-Juxg, 1918.

hardy in a sheltered nook, surviving the winter and
flowering again in the summer of 1917. The material
for our figure has been derived from a plant raised by
Mr. Williams from seeds of the second collection by
Mr. Forrest made in 1914. This plant flowered in the
garden of Mr. Williams in June, 1917. P. anisodora is a
member of the section Candelabra, and it has, according
to its authors, a very near ally in P. glycosma, Petitm.,
also a Yunnan species. The dark flowers, perhaps the
darkest in any Primula, with their yellow “ eye,”’ recall
those of the Auricula, once so familiar a feature of
English gardens in spring. Like many other species of
Primula, P. anisodora dies after flowering freely, but
produces an abundant supply of good seeds.

Description.—Herb, producing a scape up to 3 ft. in height, all parts devoid
of mealiness. Leaves oblong-oblanceolate, rounded and apiculate at the tip,
_ gradually narrowed below into a broadly winged petiole, 6-8 in. long, 2-3 in.
wide, chartaceous, the margin closely and sharply repand-denticulate, bright
green and glabrous above, beneath more or less gland-dotted; lateral nerves
about 10 along each side, diverging from the midrib at an angle of 45°, visible
on both surfaces ; midrib rather pale in colour, within the petiole flattened and
streaked with red. Flowers forming a terminal, interrupted umbel ; peduncle
stout; bracts linear, acute, glabrous, up to 2 in. long; pedicels about 3 in. long,
nodding. Calyx campanulate ; tube } in. long, red and green; lobes wide-
ovate, apiculate, ;1, in. long, 7; in. wide. Corolla dark plum-purple outside,
lobes red-purple within, with a yellow eye; tube cylindric below, widened and
slightly campanulate upwards, about 2 in. long; lobes usually 5, somewhat
quadrangular. Anthers oblong, adnate to the middle of the tube. Style as
long as the ovary, tipped by the globose stigma. Capsule almost globose,
slightly exceeding the hardly altered calyx, opening by means of 5 valves and
crowned by the dark-red crenulate style-base.

Tas. 8752.—Fig. 1, calyx; 2, corolla, laid open, showing the staminal
insertion ; 8, pistil :—all enlarged. ae :

8753

. is 4 2. 7
MS del. J.N Fitch hth. Vincent Brooks, Day&Son Lt imp

Ly Reeve & @9 London.

Tas. 8753.
ODONTOCHILUS Lancrouatvs.
Sikkim and Khasia. °

ORCHIDACEAE. Tribe NEoTrieAr.

Opontocaiuus, Bl. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 600.

Odontochilus lanceolatus, Benth. ex Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vol. vi. p. 101, et
in Ann. R. Bot. Gard. Calc. vol. v. p. 59, t. 89; Rolfe in Orch. Rev. 1915,
p- 318 ; inter species hujus generis labello luteo facile distinguendus.

Herba terrestris, 20-380 cm. alta. Caules basi repentes, apice erecti, graciliores.
Folia petiolata, ovata vel ovato-lanceolata, apice subacuta et recurva,
plicata, membranacea, viridia, albo-vittata, 2°5-7 cm. longa, 1-8 em. lata ;
petioli 1-2 cm. longi, basi dilatati, amplexicauli. Scapus erectus, 5-12 cm.
longus ; racemus densior, multiflorus ; rhachis pubescens ; bracteae ovatae
vel ovato-lanceolatae, acuminatae, 0:8-1°5 cm. longae ; pedicelli circiter
1 cm. longi. Flores mediocres, labello luteo excepto virides. Sepalum
posticum ovatum, obtusum, basi gibboso-concavum, 4 mm. longum ; sepala
lateralia late elliptica, subobtusa, concava, basi saccata, 0-8-1 cm. longa.
Petala cum sepalo postico in galeam concavam cohaerentia, late et oblique
ovata, subobtusa, 4 mm. longa, 3°5 mm. lata. Labellwm late unguicu-
latum, circiter 1-3 cm. longum; basi bigibbum; saccus processu oblongo
intra instructus; unguis fimbriato-appendiculatus ; limbus apice patenter
bilobus, lobis oblongis oblique truncatis 0°8 cm. longis. Colwmna lata,
circiter 2°5 cm. longa; latera biauriculata; pollinia 2, anguste obovoidea,
basi in caudiculam elongatam extensa; glandula oblonga; stigmata 2,
lateralia.—Anoectochilus lanceolatus, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. p. 499;
King & Pantl. in Ann. R. Bot. Gard. Calc. vol. iii. p. 295, t. 892. A. luteus,
Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soe. vol. i. p. 179. A. flavus, Benth. in Journ.
Linn. Soe. vol. xviii. p. 845 (sphalm.).—R. A. Roure.

The interesting terrestrial Orchid here figured is a
native of the Eastern Himalaya and the Khasia Hills,
where it is met with in forest at elevations of 5,000 to
7,000 feet above sea-level. It was originally described
by Lindley, eighty years ago, from herbarium material,
as Anoectochilus lanceolatus, but having been found by
Mr. Bentham to belong rather to Blume’s allied genus
Odontochilus, which differs from Anoectochilus in having a
bilobed globose sac in place of an oblong spur, in the
details of the column and in having leaves that are not
reticulately veined, it was transferred to Odontochilus by

Aprit-J ung, 1918,

Sir Joseph Hooker. In their account of the Orchids of
the Sikkim Himalaya, Sir George King and Mr. Pantling
have advanced reasons of some weight in favour of the
reunion of these two genera and the inclusion with them
of Lindley’s genus Haemaria, but this course, if adopted,
involves so much rearrangement that it appears prefer-
able in this work to follow the generic limitation
accepted by Bentham in the “Genera Plantarum.”
Though so long known from dried specimens, this species
is of very recent introduction to European horticulture.
It flowered in September, 1915, among the terrestrial
orchids in the collection of Mr. H. J. Elwes, at Coles-
borne, Cheltenham, and our figure has been prepared
from a plant in flower sent by him to Kew for identi-
fication and for inclusion in the orchid collection at Kew.
It flowered, Mr. Elwes informs us, in a damp and shady
intermediate house in which it had thriven well. The
flowers are light green with a brown patch at the tip of
the dorsal sepal; the lip, however, is bright yellow and
the anther is pink. The leaves are green with three
bright stripes. The plant figured was received from
Sikkim, where it had been collected by Mr. G. H. Cave,
Lloyd Botanic Garden, Darjeeling. :

«

Descriprion.—Herb, terrestrial, 8-12 in. high. Stem creeping at the base,
erect above, rather slender, purple. Leaves petioled, ovate or ovate-lanceolate,
tip subacute and recurved, plicate, membranous, green with 3 white longitudinal
stripes, 1-8 in. long, 1-11 in. across ; petiole }~8 in. long, the base dilated,
stem-clasping. Scape erect, 2-5 in. long ; raceme rather dense, many-flowered ;
rachis pubescent; bracts ovate or ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, }-? in. long;
pedicels about 4 in. long, Flowers medium-sized, green, with a yellow lip.
Sepals: posterior ovate, obtuse, gibbously concave at the base, 3 in. long;
lateral wide elliptic, somewhat obtuse, concave, saccate at the base, 3-2 in.
long. Petals cohering with the posterior sepal in a concave hood; widely and
obliquely ovate, rather obtuse, 2 in, long, } in. wide. Lip broadly clawed, |
about 4 in. long, 2-gibbous at the base; the sac with an oblong process inside ;
claw fimbriately appendaged ; limb with 2 spreading, oblong, obliquely truncate
terminal lobes } in, long. Colwmn broad, about 1 in. long, its sides 2-auricled ;
pollinia 2, narrow obovoid, produced at the base into a somewhat elongated
caudicle ; gland oblong ; stigmas 2, lateral.

.«_48. 8753.—Fig. 1, flower seen from in front; 2, the same, seen from one
side; 8, a petal; 4, column with base of the lip, showing the short sac;

5, column, showing the pollinia, the two lateral stigmas, and the appendages:
—all enlarged,

Vincent Breoks, Day&SonLt imp é

MS.del.J.N Fitch lith.

q
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5
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Tas. 8754.
ZANTHOXYLUM PLANISPINUM.

Japan.

RutaceakE. Tribe ZANTHOXYLEAE.

ZANTHOXYLUM, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen, Plant. vol. i. p. 297.

Zanthoxylum planispinum, Sieb. et Zucc. in Abh. Acad. Miinch. vol. iv.
pars ii. p. 188; Mazim. in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb. vol. xxxi. p. 21, et in
Act. Hort. Petrop. vol. xi. p. 95; C. K. Schneider in Handb. d. Laubholak.
vol. ii. p. 120; Bean in Trees & Shrubs, vol. ii. p. 692; species Z, alato,
Roxb., quam maxime affinis sed foliolis simplicibus vel imparipinnatim
1-2-jugis nec 3-6-jugis, spinisque stricte nodalibus facillime distinguenda.

Frutex dumosus, 2-4-metralis; ramuli purpureo-brunnescentes, glabri vel
subglabri, spinis 2 nodalibus validis complanatis anguste triangularibus,
0-6-1°8 cm. longis, basi 0°4-1°2 cm. latis, acumine pungente abeuntibus
armati, lenticellis albidis crebre notati. Folia subpersistentia vel decidua,
alterna, trita aromatica, 1-5-foliolata, 7°5-25 em. longa; rhachis alata,
0°6-0°9 em. lata, saepe pauci-spinosa ; foliola subsessilia anguste elliptica
vel lanceolata, 2°5-12°5 cm. longa, 1°2-3°7 cm. lata, apice acuta, basi
cuneata, margine minute crenata, lobulis singulis glandula rotundata
notatis, supra saturate viridia, subtus pallidiora, costa prope basin pilis
brunneis floccosa. Panicula axillaris, 1°2-2°5 cm. longa, pu a.
Flores polygami, viridescentes, parvuli. Sepala subulata. Petala sepalis
.similia. Ovariwm e carpellis 2 saepissime compositum, glabrum, oblique
ampullaceum ; stylus decurvus. Fructus ruber, 2-valvis, globosus, verru-
cosus, 8 mm. latus, 1-spermus. Semen subglobosum, nitidum, nigrum.—
Z. alatum, var. planispinum, Reha. et Wils. in Plant. Wilson. vol. ii, p. 125.
—W. J. Bray.

The Zanthozylum here figured is a native of Japan,
which is known in collections of hardy shrubs as
Z. planispinum. It is, however, doubtful how far it is
entitled to rank asa species apart. It is one of the series
of forms to be met with in Japan and Corea which
extend thence throughout China to Northern India, and
which are so intimately related that some authors regard.
them as belonging to the Indian Z. alatum, Roxb. But
while from the botanical standpoint it may be possible
or even necessary to adopt this view, it is one that from
the cultural point of view is distinctly inconvenient.
In the Japanese form shown in our plate there never

Aprit—Jung, 1918,

are more than five leaflets to a leaf; in the true
Z. alatum from India there are frequently thirteen
leaflets. In our Japanese plant the spines are restricted
to the nodes; in the North Indian type the spines
often are internodal. The Japanese Z. planispinum is a
fairly hardy garden shrub; at Kew it is impossible to
keep Z. alatum alive out of doors for any length of
time. The material for our figure came from the garden
of Bitton Vicarage, and a melancholy interest attaches to
our subject in its being the last contribution to the
Botanical Magazine by one who was for many years its
unfailing and enthusiastic supporter. Canon Ellacombe
sent the fruits in December, 1914, and the flowers in
June, 1915, only a few months before his death. At
Bitton Z. planispinum forms a bush six feet high and
rather more through. It succeeds there very well in the
good loamy soil, and its fine crop of red fruits make a
very ornamental object in the winter season. Canon
Ellacombe was always greatly interested in the way its
leaves roll their margins under during the winter, as is
also the habit of some Himalayan Rhododendrons at the
same season. This, by minimising the leaf surface

ned Amat to radiation, may be a protection against great
cold.

Descriprion.— Shrub of bushy, spreading habit, 6-12 ft. high; branchlets
purplish-brown, glabrous or nearly so, armed with a pair of spines at each node ;
spines thin, flat, triangular, }-} in. long by 1-2 in. wide at the base, ending in
a hard slender point; lenticels small, whitish. Leaves semi-persistent or
deciduous, alternate, aromatic when crushed, 3-10 in. long, unifoliolate, tri-
foliolate, or pinnate with five leaflets ; rachis winged, 1—3 in. wide, often armed
with one or more slender spines; leaflets subsessile, narrowly elliptic to
lanceolate, 1-5 in. long, 4-1} in. wide, the apex acuminate, the base cuneate,
the margins shallowly crenate with a circular gland on each tooth ; dark green
and glabrous above, pale beneath, with a tuft of brown pubescence on the
midrib near the base. Panicles axillary, 3-1 in. long, minutely pubescent.
Flowers polygamous, greenish, very small. and inconspicuous. Sepals and
petals subulate. ' Ovary glabrous, flask-shaped, oblique; style decurved ;
carpels usually two. Fruit 2-valved, globose, verrucose, } in. wide, red,
containing one shining black seed.

Tas. 8754.—Fig. 1, tip of leaf; 2, female flower; 3, the same, sepals and
petals removed ; 4, fruit; 5, seed:—all enlarged.

Vincent Brooks, Day &Son Litimp

M.S.del JN Fitch ith.

L. Reeve & C9London.

Tas. 8755. H
ERLANGEA AGGREGATA.

Angola.

CompositaE. Tribe VERNONIEAE.

Ertancea, Sch.-Bip.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 225; 8. Moore
in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. vol. xxxv. pp. 307-818 (1902), et in Journ. Bot.
vol, xlvi, pp. 155-159 (1908). .

Erlangea aggregata, Hutchinson; species nova, affinis H. spissae, 8. Moore,
sed foliis latioribus infra puberulis (nec tomentosis) supra minute puberulis
dentibus patentibus, involucri bracteis abrupte acutis, pappo majore differt.

Herba perennis; caulis erectus, laxe foliatus, molliter lanato-tomentosus,
internodiis inferioribus 2 em. superioribus 5-7 cm. longis. Folia petiolata,
ovato-lanceolata, subacuta, basi cuneata, 9-14 cm. longa, 4°5-6°5 cm.
lata, tenuissime chartacea, serrata, supra minute infra distincte puberula ;
nervi laterales sub angulo lato a costa abeuntes, utrinsecus circiter 15,
graciles, infra tomentelli; petioli 1°5-2°5 cm. longi, tomentelli et pilosi.
Inflorescentia trichotome ramosa, capitulis dense aggregatis ; pedunculi
primarii usque ad 8 cm. longi, molliter tomentosi. — Capitula sessilia,
circiter 8-flora. Involucri bracteae virides, marginibus hyalinis, plus
minusve ovatae, acutae, usque adi4 mm. longae. Flores roseo-coerulei ;
corolla circiter 5 mm. longa, lobis linearibus acutis ; antherae exsertae.
Achaenia compressa, glabra; pappi setae paucae, caducae, vix 2 mm.
longae, barbellatae.—J. Hurcurnson.

The genus Erlangea is closely allied to the important
Composite genus Vernonia, Schreb., from which, how-
ever, it is readily distinguished by its reduced achenes
crowned with a pappus composed of very short and
caducous setae, incapable of playing any part in the
distribution of the ripe fruit. The genus, as circum~-
scribed in accordance with this striking feature, includes
some four and thirty species, all but one of which are
natives of Tropical Africa. The remaining species 1s a
native of New Guinea, a circumstance which must, never-
theless, be regarded as of no significance from the phyto-
geographical standpoint, since the feature that admits
the Eastern plant in question within this characteristic-
ally African genus is, in spite of its practical utility, a
somewhat artificial one. From the systematic stand-
point the existence of this New Guinea plant is, however,

Arrit—Jung, 1918.

of importance, as indicating the danger that may attend
reliance upon characters related with function in the
discrimination of forms or groups of plants. The species
now described, EL. aggregata, is a native of Angola, where
it was discovered by Mr. J. Gossweiler, by whom seeds of
the plant were presented to Kew in 1915. It shares
with LE. spissa, 8. Moore, a species from British East
Africa, the character of densely aggregated flower-heads,
which separates the two from all the other known
members of the genus. The West African plant is
readily distinguished from the East African one by the
characters pointed out by Mr. Hutchinson. The
material for our plate has been derived from one of the
plants raised from Mr. Gossweiler’s seed. The species in
cultivation reaches a height of from five to six feet,
branches freely and forms a striking object when
furnished with its numerous terminal showy flower-
heads. As it blossoms in this country in midwinter, |
and is a perennial, it is likely to become a popular green-
house plant. Cuttings are readily struck, and from these
full-sized plants may be grown in a single season.

Description.—Herb, perennial; stem laxly leafy, softly woolly tomentose ;
lower internodes 3 in. long, upper 2-3 in. long. Leaves petioled, ovate-
lanceolate, rather acute, base cuneate, blade 34-5 in. long, 13-2} in. wide,
thinly papery, serrate, finely puberulous above, more distinctly so beneath ;
lateral nerves about 15 on each side, leaving the midrib at a wide angle,
slender, finely hairy beneath; petiole 2-1 in. long, finely puberulous and with
a few longer hairs. Inflorescence trichotomously branched ; the heads densely
clustered ; main peduncles up to 1} in. long, finely softly puberulous. Heads
sessile, about 8-flowered; involucral bracts green with hyaline margins,
somewhat ovate, acute, up to 2 in. long. Flowers blue, flushed with rose ;
corolla about 3 in. long, its lobes linear, acute; anthers exserted. Achenes
‘ compressed, glabrous ; pappus-setae few, caducous, barely } in. long, barbellate.

TaB. 8755.—Fig. 1, portion of an inflorescence; 2, flower-bud; 3, a pappus-
seta; 4, stamens; 5, style-arms :—all enlarged.

8756

+ ae atcamnp.
MS. del. LN'Fitch ith. Vincent Brooks, Day SonLt mp

L.Reeve & C9London,

TaB. 8756.
MONADENIUM ERvUBESCENS.
East Africa.

EUPHORBIACEAE. Tribe EHUPHORBIEAE.

MonapEnium, Pax in Engl. Jahrb. vol. xix. p. 126 et in Engl. ¢ Prantl, Nat.
Pflanzenfam. vol. iii. pars 5, p. 457; N. E. Brown in Dyer, Fl. Trop.
Afr. vol. vi. sect. 1, p. 450.

Monadenium (§ Lortia) erubescens, N. E. Brown in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr.
vol. vi. sect. 1, p. 457, pro parte; species M. majori, N. E. Br., affinis sed
tubere globoso, caule prostrato, cyathiis solitariis pedunculis simplicibus
singulis in foliorium summorum axillis suffultis, involucro exteriore albido
nec viridi-rubro et pubescentia omnium fere partium distinctum.

Herba perennis, tubere globoso 20-35 cm. diametro. Caules 1-2 e tubere
orti, prostrati, succulenti, simplices vel inferne ramosi ad 5 mm. crassi, ad
15 em. longi, minute puberuli. Folia petiolata, in planta culta variabilia,
inter orbiculari-ellipticum et late ovato-lanceolatum fluctuantia, in planta
spontanea plerumque late obovato-cuneata, apice breviter acuta vel
cuspidato-acuminata, in planta culta 3-6 cm. longa, 2-3 cm. lata, in planta
spontanea minora, 2-3°5cm. longa, 1°8-2 cm. lata, margine crispo-undulata,
carnosula, supra viridia, infra rubescentia et viridi-venosa, minute et laxe
puberula ; petiolus brevis vel ad 1 cm. elongatus, dense puberulus. Injlores-
centia axillaris, ad cyathium solitarium involucrato-bracteatum in pedun-
culo sub anthesi 1 cm. vix excedente maturitate elongato nutans redacta ;
bracteae ad medium in cupulam late apertam campanuliformem 1°8 cm.
diametro et paulo ultra 1 cm. altam connatae, minute apiculatae, carnosulae,
albae pulchre viridi-venosae et fundum versus roseo-tinctae. Cyathiwm
subsessile, globoso-tubulosum, puberulum, pallide viride, 6 mm. diametro,
uno latere ad medium apertum, lobis albis fimbriatis 5 glandula annulari
flavida crassa integra circumdatis et superatis. Flores ¢ nudi, bracteolis
fimbriatis intermixti. Flos 2 e cyathii fissura exsertus, nutans; perlan-
thium ad cupulam perbrevem margine subundulatam vel lobulatam ovaril
basin cingentem redactum; ovarium obtuse trigonum angulis haud alte
bialatis, alis undulatis. Capsula matura ignota.—Lortva erubescens,
Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1898, p. 80.—O. Starr.

The genus Monadenium was established by Pax in 1914
on a species from East Africa with the floral structure
characteristic of the genus Luphorbia, Linn., but easily
distinguished from Euphorbia owing to the great develop-
ment of the glandular apparatus of the cyathium. — In
this respect Monadenium, Pax, agrees with Synadenium,
established by Boissier in 1862 on a Natal species, though
in that genus the glandular ring is closed and not open

Aprit-JunE, 1918.

on one side as in Monadenium. 'Two more species were
added to Monadenium by Dr. Stapf in 1900, and since
then the number of known Monadenia has increased to
a score. Most of them appear to be extremely local ;
the area occupied by the genus extends from Abyssinia
and Somaliland to Nyasaland, Ngamiland and Angola.
Within the genus Monadenium, however, the species
arrange themselves in two natural groups. In the first
group, to which the original WM. coccineum, Pax, belongs,
the bract-involucres are distinctly dorsi-ventral, the two
bracts being asymmetric, and so joined on one side as
to form a single 2-keeled and usually 2-dentate or
2-cuspidate involucre. In the second group, to which
the subject of our figure belongs, the bract-involucres are
fairly regularly cupular or bell-shaped, the two bracts
being nearly symmetric and usually equally united at
the base or up to the middle. With these characters are
associated in our plant that of having simple axillary
inflorescences in place of branched inflorescences as in
M. coceineum, and that of the presence of a perianth in
the female flower whereas in JM. coccineum no perianth
was noticed by Pax. On this account the plant now
described was made the basis of a distinct genus
Lortia by Rendle in 1898, and the validity of this
genus has since been accepted by Pax. An examination
of the original type of Monadenium shows, however,
that there the female flower has a perianth very
like that of Zortia, and since the degree of branching
in the types of the two genera merely represents
extreme manifestations in opposite directions of one
character, it has been found by Brown to be desirable to
include Lortia in the older genus Monadenium. The
difference in the involucre of the two types is, however,
so marked that it is at least necessary to recognise in
Lortia a distinct section, and it may with fuller knowledge
be advisable to restore it to the rank of a genus. The
type of this section, Jf. (Lortia) erubescens, was discovered
by Mrs. Lort Phillips on the Wagga Mountains in
Somaliland in 1897, and was met with again on the
Colis Range in Somaliland, at nearly 6,000 feet elevation,
by Dr. Drake-Brockman in 1914. Other specimens
obtained by the same collector from the Arussi and

Boran countries in Abyssinia, attributed by Brown to
M. erubescens, we believe to represent a distinct species.
The material for our illustration has been provided from
a living plant from Somaliland, presented to Kew by
Dr. Drake-Brockman which has grown well and proved
quite healthy in a warm succulent house under the
treatment suitable for species of Stapelia. During the
first two winters the stems formed in the preceding
summers died down. It flowered in July, 1916, when the
drawing was made, but has not done so again, though
since then the stems formed have persisted, and the plant
now possesses several of these, the longest of which is
three feet long with a few leaves near the top. Young
plants have been raised from cuttings, which root readily
in spring.

Description.—Herb, with a perennial globose tuber 8-14 in. in diameter.
Stems, 1-2 from each tuber, prostrate, succulent, simple or branching at the
base, in the wild plant up to 6 in. long, in cultivated specimens sometimes
up to 3 ft. long, about 2 in. thick, finely puberulous. Leaves petioled, in
cultivated plants varying in shape from orbicular-elliptic to wide ovate-
lanceolate, in wild plants usually wide ovate-cuneate, apex shortly acute or
cuspidate acuminate, 1-2} in. long and 3-1} in. wide in cultivated specimens,
only 3-1} in. long and 2-3 in. wide in wild ones, margin crispately wavy,
rather fleshy, green above, reddish with green veins beneath, finely and loosely
‘puberulous; petiole from very short to } in. long, densely puberulous.
Inflorescence axillary, reduced to a solitary drooping cyathium surrounded by
involucral bracts on a peduncle about } in. long at time of flowering, but
elongated in fruit; bracts united to the middle in a wide bell-shaped cup in.
across, nearly } in. deep, minutely apiculate, rather fleshy, white, finely veined
with green and tinged towards the base with a rosy flush. Cyathiwm nearly
sessile, globose-tubular, puberulous, pale green, } in. across, cleft on one side
tothe middle, lobes 5, white, fimbriate, surrounded and overtopped by an entire
thick yellow annular gland. Male flowers naked, mixed with fimbriate
bracteoles, Female flower drooping, exserted from the cleft of the cyathium ;
perianth reduced to a very short somewhat undulate or lobulate cup surround-
ing the base of the ovary which is bluntly 3-gonous, the angles with narrow
undulate wings. Ripe frwit unknown.

Tas. $756.—Fig. 1, inflorescence ; 2, involucre ; 3, fimbriate lobe of cyathium ;
4, male flower; 5, female flower; 6, sketch of an entire plant :—all enlarged
except 6, which is much reduced.

‘ diy
M.S del JN Fitch kth. Vincent Brooks. Day & SonLtmp

L-Reeve &C°London.

Tas. 8757.
MALUS Sarcentu.

Japan.

RosacEAE. Tribe PoMEAE.
Matus, Mill.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 626 (Pyrus).

Malus Sargentii, Rehd. in Sargent, Trees & Shrubs, vol. i. p. 71, t. 36;
C. K. Schneider in Handb, d. Laubholz. vol. i. p. 722, ff. 399, 400; species
M. Toringo, Sieb., et M. Zuwmi, Rehd., valde affinis; ab illa floribus
majoribus petalis imbricantibus fructu majore, ab hac calycis tubo glabro
petalis orbicularibus et foliis interdum lobulatis apte distinguenda.

Frutex 2-metralis; ramuli pubescentes, intense purpureo-brunnei, nonnunquam
spinescentes. Folia decidua, ovata vel ovato-oblonga, saepissime 8-lobu-
lata, argute inaequaliter serrata,apice acuta, basi nunc in novellis sterilibus
subcordata, nunc in ramulis floriferis truncata vel cuneata, 3°7-7°5 cm.
longa, 2-5 cm. lata, primum pilis albidis dense vestita, demum supra
saturate viridia nervis primariis pubescentibus exceptis glabra, subtus
pallidiora et parce villosa ; petioli 1-2-2°5 em. longi, graciles, pubescentes ;
stipulae foliaceae, lanceolatae vel lineares, 75 lobulatae, 6-8 mm. longae.
Flores albi, secus ramulos abbreviatos fasciculati, singuli 2°5 cm. diametro,
aestate ineunte aperti; pedicelli graciles, glabri,2°5cm. longi. Calyz 5-lobus,
extra glaber, intus villosa ; lobi lanceolati, 5 mm. longi. Petala 5, distincte
imbricata, ex ungue abbreviato orbicularia. Stamina 15-20, petalis
breviora; filamenta glabra, antherae luteae. Ovarium 8-5-loculare ;
styli 8-5, basin versus villosi. Fructus depresso-globosus, laete ruber,
0°8-1'2 cm. latus, apice calycis delapsi cicatrice notatus. Semina brunnea,
4 mm. longa.—Pyrus Sargentii, Bean in Trees & Shrubs, vol. ii. p. 293.
—wW. J. Bran.

Malus Sargentii was discovered by Prof. C. 8. Sargent
in Japan in 1892 near a brackish marsh at Mororan,
Hokkaido. It is a close ally of MJ. Toringo, Sieb.,
differing from that species in its larger flowers, over-
lapping petals, and larger fruit; from another related
species, M. Zumi, Rehd., it is distinguished by its glabrous
calyx-tube, orbicular petals and often lobed leaves. The
material for figuring was gathered from a plant purchased
from Messrs. Veitch in 1909, but a plant had previously
been presented to Kew from the Arnold Arboretum in
1904. As a garden shrub, or perhaps a smiall tree,
M. Sargentii is very attractive both in flower and when

Aprit—Jung, 1918.

laden with its rich red fruits. In both respects we find
it more ornamental than MV. Toringo, and it is as hardy
as any of its allies.

DeEscription.—Shrub 5-6 ft. high; branchlets pubescent, dark purplish-
brown, sometimes spinescent. Leaves deciduous, ovate to ovate-oblong,
_ frequently 3-lobed, unevenly and sharply serrate, acute at the apex, the base

varying from subcordate in the large leaves of the barren shoots to truncate or
cuneate in the smaller ones; 14-3 in. long, 3-2 in. wide; at first densely clothed
with whitish hairs, finally dark green and pubescent on the chief veins above,
pale and slightly villous beneath; petioles 3-1 in. long, slender, pubescent ;
stipules foliaceous, lanceolate to linear, often lobed, ¢-} in. long. Flowers
white, 1 in. wide, opening in May, in fascicles on short branchlets; pedicels
1 in. long, slender, glabrous. Calyx 5-lobed, glabrous outside, villous within,
the lobes lanceolate, ;* in. long. Petals orbicular with a short claw, over-
lapping. Stamens 15-20, shorter than the petals, filaments glabrous, anthers
yellow. Ovary 3-5-celled ; styles 3-5, villous towards the base. Fruit
depressed globose, red, 3-1 in. wide, marked at the top with a circular scar
where the calyx has fallen away. Seeds brown, } in. long,

Tas. 8757.—Fig. 1, part of a very young leaf; 2, flower with petals removed ;
8, section of calyx and ovary; 4 and 5, anthers ; 6, fruit :—all enlarged.

Linen el

————

Vincent Brooks,Day&S on Lit imp.

V.Fiteh ith

ty
Ael. J

MS.d

L Reeve &C°London.

Tas. 8758.
ANGRAECUM GRACILIPES.

Madagascar.

ORCHIDACEAE. Tribe VANDEAE.

AncraEcum, Thouars; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 583.

Angraecum gracilipes, Rolfe; species nova ab A. recwrvo, Thouars, foliis
amplioribus et pedicellis longissimis differt.

Herba epiphytica, caulibus brevibus. Folia disticha, suberecta vel arcuata,
lorata, breviter biloba, 8-18 cm. longa, 2-5 em. lata, coriacea, basi con-
duplicata. Pedicelli axillares, graciles, suberecti vel arcuati, 15-18 cm.
longi, vaginis paucis spathaceis obtecti, uniflori. Flores mediocres, albi.
Sepala et petala patentia, lanceolata, obtusa, 2°5-3 cm. longa. Labellum
subpandurato-ovatum, obtusum, 2°5-3 em. longum, basi subconduplicatum ;
ealcar gracile, 5-7 em. longum, basi curvatum et incrassatum. Colwmna
lata, 0°5 cm. longa, utrinque late auriculata, auriculis truncatis et integris.
Pollinia 2, orbicularia et subcompressa; stipites brevissimi; glandula
oblonga.— Angraecum recurvum, Hort. Gard. Chron. 1913, vol. liv. pp. 367,
374, fig. 182; Orch. Rev. 1913, fig. 65; non Thouars.—R. A, Roure.

The Madagascar Anyraecum now described was intro-
duced from that island some years ago by Messrs.
Charlesworth and Company, Hayward’s Heath. The
individual flowers in this species bear so close a resem-.
blance to those of A. recurvum, Thouars, also a native of
Madagascar, that when in November, 1913, an example
flowered in the establishment of Messrs. Charlesworth,
it was exhibited in public and was accorded an award
of merit under the name A. recurvum, which was
also employed in connection with figures of the plant,
reproduced from a photograph, published in the same
year. An example purchased from Messrs. Charlesworth
for the Kew collection of orchids flowered there in
November, 1916, and enabled the figure here given to
be prepared. The study of this plant has made it clear
that it belongs to a species, which may be termed
A. gracilipes, very distinct from the true A. recwrvum in
its greatly elongated pedicels and its much larger leaves.

Aprit-Joune, 1918.

It is a member of a distinct group of species, one of
which is A. fragrans, Thouars, figured at t. 7161 of this
work, whose sweet-scented leaves, known as “ Fahame,”
have been used after the manner of tea leaves in Bourbon
and Mauritius. A. gracilipes thrives well in the same
house and with the same treatment as that required for
the well-known A. eburneum, Bory, figured at t. 4761
and A. sesqguipedale, Thouars, figured at t. 5113 of this
work. It is remarkable in the genus for the unusual
length of its pedicels which appear in the lower leaf-axils
of ashort stout stem, and when, as sometimes happens,
over a dozen flowers are simultaneously produced, the
plant forms a very graceful object.

Descriprion.— Herb, epiphytic; stems short. Leaves distichous, nearly
erect or slightly recurved, lorate, shortly 2-lobed, 33-74 in. long, 3-2 in. wide,
coriaceous, conduplicate at the base. Pedicels axillary, slender, suberect or
slightly recurved, 6-73 in. long, 1-flowered, bearing a few spathaceous sheathing
bracts. Flowers showy, white. Sepals and petals spreading, lanceolate,
obtuse, 1-1} in. long. Lip subpandurate-ovate, obtuse, 1-1} in. long, some-
what conduplicate at the base; spur slender, 23-2? in. long, curved and
thickened at the base. Colwmn wide, 3.in. long, widely auricled on each side,
the auricles truncate'and entire. Pollinia 2, orbicular and slightly compressed ;
stalks very short ; gland oblong.

Tas. 8758.—Fig. 1 and 2, column, showing the auriculate wings; 3, sketch
of the entire plant :—all enlarged except 8, which is much reduced.

Vincent Brooks Day &Son Ltt

MS del. JNFitch lth.

L.Reeve &C°London.

Taz. 8759.
RHODODENDRON sIDEROPHYLLUM.

Yunnan.

Ericaceak. Tribe RHoDOREAE.

Ruopopenpron, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 599.

Rhododendron siderophyllum, ranch. in Journ. de Bot. vol.'xii. p. 262 (1898) ;
Hemsl., et E. H: Wils. in Kew Bull. 1910, p. 115; Millais, Rhod. p. 242;
species R. Davidsoniano, Rehd. et Wils., affinis sed foliis supra glandulis
nigris conspicue ornatis infra densissime ferrugineo-glandulosis differt.

Frutex laxe ramosus; ramuli parce foliati, superne glandulis resinosis
sessilibus instructi. Folia lanceolata vel oblongo-lanceolata, apice sensim
acuta, basi angustata, 83-6 cm. longa, 1-2 cm. lata, tenuiter chartacea,
minute crenulata, supra glandulis nigris laxe infra glandulis ferrugineis
dense obtecta, glandulis infra fere contiguis; nervi laterales vix perspicui ;
petiolus circiter 8 mm. longus, glandulosus. Gemmae floriferae in axillis
foliorum superiorum solitariae, circiter 3-florae ; perulae dorso dense glandu-
liferae, ciliatae; pedicelli squamis cinereis sessilibus dense obtecti, 1-5-2cm.
longi, graciles. Calyx obsoletus, margine undulatus, extra densissime
glandulosus. Corolla rosea, indistincte bilabiata, dorso in tubo rubro-
maculata ; tubus apertus, 1 em. longus, extra eglandulosus ; lobi 5, patuli,
oblongo-ovati, extra parce glandulosi. Stamina 10, declinata, longe
exserta ; filamenta inferne parce pilosa; antherae pallide flavae, 2°5 mm.
longae. Ovariwm 5-loculare, glandulis sessilibus obtectum; stylus
staminibus paullo longior, roseus, glaber, stigmate viscido coronatus.
Fructus haud visus.—J. Hurcarson.

The Riododendron here figured is a native of Yunnan,
where it was originally met with by the Abbé Delavay
and where it has since been collected by Messrs. Ducloux,
Soulié, Wilson and Forrest. The last mentioned traveller
records it as occurring on dry wooded hills to the north
of the Tsu-hsiong-fu valley at elevations of from 6,000-
7,000 feet. It was first described by the late Mr.
Franchet as /. siderophyllum. Its nearest ally in the
genus is A. Davidsonianum, Rehd.'& Wils., figured at
t. 8605 of this work, and it shares with that species and
a few others belonging to the group with glandular
leaves the peculiarity of producing its flowers from
several axillary buds, instead, as is more usual, of doing so
only from a terminal one. From R. Davidsomanum our

Aprit—Juneg, 1918,

plant differs in its much more densely glandular leaves, the
under surface of which has in consequence a decidedly
rusty and rather dirty look, while the upper surface is
usually conspicuously marked with black glands of con-
siderable size. In cultivation at Kew R. siderophyllum
grows very well, and although rather thinly furnished
with leaves, it flowers very freely and is quite hardy.
The plant from which the material for our illustration
has been derived was raised from seeds collected by
Mr. E. H. Wilson and received at Kew in the spring of
1909. Certain plants grown by Messrs. Veitch in their
Coombe Wood nursery under the name PR. siderophyllum
belonged, so Messrs. Rehder and Wilson now find, to the
species they have named &. Davidsonianum. There is,
consequently, some confusion in gardens between these
two species which it is hoped that a study of the present
plate and of the plate referred to above may help to
clear away. 2

Descriprion.—Shrub of open habit; twigs rather sparingly leafy, beset
upwards with sessile resinous glands. Leaves lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate,
gradually narrowed to the tip, narrowed to the base, 13-2} in. long, 2-8 in.
wide, thinly chartaceous, minutely crenulate, sparingly dotted with black glands
above, beneath closely clothed with numerous almost contiguous rusty glands ;
lateral nerves indistinct; petiole about % in. long, glandular. Flower-buds
solitary in the axils of the uppermost leaves, about 3-flowered; bud-scales
densely glandular on the. back, ciliate; pedicels closely beset with grey sessile
scales, a in. long, slender, Calyx nearly obsolete, itis margin undulate, very
densely glandular outside. Corolla rose-coloured, slightly 2-lipped, with red
blotches in the tube behind; tube gaping, 2 in. long, eglandular outside ;
lobes 5, spreading, oblong-ovate, sparingly glandular outside. Stamens 10,
declinate, far exserted ; filaments sparingly hairy below; anthers pale yellow,
zo in. long. Ovary 5-celled, clothed with. sessile scales; style rather longer

_ the stamens, rose-coloured, glabrous, crowned by the viscid stigma. Fruit
not seen.

Tas. 8759.—Fig. 1, apex of leaf; 2, calyx and pistil; 3, scales; 4 and
5, stamens ; 6, transverse section of the ovary :—all enlarged.

8760

Vincent Brooks,D ay& SonLttimp.

MS.del JN Fitch lith

L.Reeve &C9London.

Tas. 8760.
HOWEA BELMOREANA.
Lord Howe Island.

Patmak. Tribe ARECEAR.

Howra, Bece.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 904; Baill. Hist.
Plant. vol. xiii. p. 855.

Howea Belmoreana, Becc. Malesia, vol. i. p- 66; Bull. Soc. Tose. Ort. 1889,
p. 257; Gard. Chron. 1890, vol. viii. p. 75; Hemsl. in Ann. Bot. vol. x.
p. 255; Maiden in Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W. vol. xxiii. p. 148; Bece. in
Martelli, Webbia, vol. iv. p. 158, fig, 1-9 and p. 165; species H. Forsterianae,
Becc., valde affinis, foliolis sursum convergentibus spicisque solitariis differt.

Arbor ; caulis gracilis, annulatus, basi incrassatus, ad 10 m. altus. Folia ad
caulis apicem approximata, subtus ad costam brunneo-paleacea, 2-2°5 m.
longa; petiolus 1 m. longus, laevis, subtus convexus, supra late canali-
culatus; vagina breviter deltoidea, 7 cm. lata; foliola circiter 70, sursum >
convergentia, lineari-lanceolata, acuta, 7 dm. longa, 2 cm. lata. Spicae ad
axillas foliorum imorum productae, indivisae ; spatha primum cylindrica,
subacuta, spadice aequilonga, explanata 4-5 cm. lata, dorso prope apicem
2-carinata; spadix nutans, monoica, 9 dm. longa, 1°2 cm. diametro,
furfuracea; flores numerosi, congesti, in alveolis ternatim dispositi,
2 laterales ¢, centralis 9. Flos ¢ multo ante 9 evolutus; sepala late
cordata, 5 mm. longa, 3 mm. lata, late imbricata, conduplicata, crassa,
dense breviterque ciliata, obtuse carinata; petala oblonga, acuta, 7 mm.
longa, 4 mm. lata, valvata, cartilaginea; stamina 50-70, congesta ;
antherae oblongae, acutae, 4 mm. longae, filamentis brevissimis ; rudi-
mentum ovarii 0. Flos 9; sepala suborbicularia, concava, 5 mm. longa,
7 mm. lata, coriacea, marginibus dense rufo-ciliata; petala brunneo-
ciliata, parte superiore valvata, crassa, 5 mm. longa, 3 mm. lata, viridia,
parte inferiore imbricata, tenuiora, alis brunneis vel rubescentibus 2 mm.
latis instructa; staminodia 0; ovarium ovoideum, symmetricum, apice
purpureum, 4 mm. longum, 2°5 mm. diametro, 1-loculare; ovulum 1,
erectum; stigmata 3, lata, auriculata. Drwpa subsuccosa, 3 cm. longa,
sordide fulva; mesocarpium fibrosum; endocarpium pallide fuscum,
opacum, ramis rhapheos notatum. Semen 2 cm. longum; endospermum
aequabile, solidum, corneum ; embryo basilaris, conico-ellipticus, 2 mm.
longus.—Kentia Belmoreana, C. Moore et F. Muell. in F. Muell. Fragm.
Phyt. Austr. vol. iii. p. 99, et vol. viii. p. 234; Benth. Flor. Austr. vol. vii.
p. 137; Illustr. Hortic. 1874, vol. xxi. p. 186, t. 191 (Balmoreana) ; Le
Jardin, 1889, p. 93; Rev. Hort. 1896, p. 77, figs. 25-27; Maiden in Proc.
Linn. Soc. N.S.W. vol. xxiii. 188. Grisebachia Belmoreana, H. Wendl. et
Drude in Linnaea, xxxix. pp. 177, 188, 200, t. 4, fig. 1-2.—C. H. Wricur.

This is one of two closely allied species which have
been separated from the genus Kentia, Bl., on account of
Aprit—Jung, 1918.

~

having numerous stamens (Kenfia having only 6), and
because of the absence of staminodes from the female
flowers. H. Belmoreana, like its ally, H. Worsteriana, is
confined to Lord Howe Island, where it was reported by
Messrs. C. Moore and Carron, its discoverers, as common
at altitudes below 1,000 feet. Its specific name is in
honour of the Right Hon. the Earl of Belmore, who was
Governor of New South Wales in 1868. The flowers of
H. Belmoreana, as stated by F. Mueller (Fragm. viii. 234),
are extremely difficult to distinguish from those of
H. Forsteriana, which has been figured at t. 7018 of this
work under Kentia, and has there been referred to the
species elmoreana. The pinnae of the true HH. Bel-
moreana, however, converge upwards, while those of
H. Forsteriana are drooping and proportionately broader,
thus giving the two species a very different appearance.
In addition to this //. Belmoreana does not attain so
large a size before it flowers as //. Forsteriana does. Ina
letter addressed to Kew in 1892 Mr. Charles Moore called
attention to the difference in the fruiting spikes of the
palms, those of //. Belmoreana being twice as long as
those of H. Forstvriana, solitary to their respective sheaths
and in appearance unisexual, whereas in //. Forsteriana
the spikes are several united at the base within a common
sheath, each spike being manifestly 2-sexual. The
apparently unisexual nature of the spike in H. Belmoreana
is, however, deceptive and is due to the length of time
which elapses between the maturing of the male and the
female flowers respectively. In each trio of flowers
along the spike the two male flowers first appear in
close contact, the female flower which is situated between
each pair of males being then but slightly developed and
deeply seated in the pit of the spadix. The male flowers
readily disarticulate and give place to the slowly
developing female one. ‘The introduction of H. Bel-
moreana to cultivation in this country took place in 1872,
and it has since been as extensively cultivated as an orna-
mental plant as its ally H. Forsteriana. The plant from
which our figure has been prepared was purchased when
small from Messrs. F. Sander and Sons, St. Albans, and
has grown along with H. Forsteriana, in the Mexican
House at Kew. Both palms require an intermediate

temperature ; their suitability for use as decorative
plants is due to the fact that they bear rough usage better
than most palms. They are both raised from seed
imported from Lord Howe Island.

Description.—Tree, reaching a height of 35 ft. ; stem slender, marked with
annular scars, thickened at the base. Leaves clustered at the top of the stem,
brown-paleate along the midrib beneath, 7-8 ft. long; petiole 34 ft. long,
smooth, convex beneath, widely channelled above; leaf-sheath shortly deltoid,
nearly 3 in. wide; pinnules about 70, converging upwards, linear-lanceolate,
acute, 23 ft. long, 3 in. wide. Spikes produced in the axils of the lowermost
leaves, simple; spathe at first cylindric, subacute, about as long as the spadix,
when flattened out 13-2 in. wide, 2-keeled on the back near the tip; spadix
drooping, monoecious, 8 ft. long, } in. thick, scurfy; flowers congested,
numerous, arranged in groups of threes in special pits, the two lateral of each
group male, the central female. Male flowers reaching maturity long before the
female; their sepals wide cordate, } in. long, } in. wide, much imbricate, con-
duplicate, thick, densely and shortly ciliate, bluntly keeled; petals oblong,
acute, nearly 3 in. long, } in. wide, valvate, cartilaginous; stamens 50-70,
closely clustered, with oblong, acute anthers, } in. long, and very short
filaments; rudimentary ovary 0. Female flower: sepals nearly orbicular,
concave, } in. long, over } in, wide, coriaceous, their margin densely ciliate
with reddish hairs ; petals ciliate with brown hairs, their upper portion valvate,
thick, 3 in. long, } in. wide, green, their lower portion imbricate, thinner, with
lateral brown or reddish wings ;}; in. wide; staminodes 0; ovary ovoid, sym-
metrical, purple-tipped, 3 in. long, j5 in. across, 1-locular; ovule solitary,
erect; stigmas 3, broad, auricled. Drupe rather fleshy, 1} in. long, dirty
yellow ; mesocarp fibrous ; endocarp pale tawny, dull, impressed by the branches
of the rhaphe. Seed % in. long; endosperm uniform, solid, horny ; embryo
basilar, conical-elliptic, }; in. long.

Tas. 8760.—Fig. A, a spike, showing only male flowers, as seen early in
March, 1917; B, the same spike, showing only female flowers, as seen seven
weeks later; 1, portion of a leaflet, showing the paleae on the midrib beneath ;
2, portion of an inflorescence with three floral cavities, in two of which the
pairs of male flowers are shown; from the third the male flowers have been
removed and the very young female flower is seen; 3, a male flower, in vertical
section; 4, stamen; 5, a female flower; 6, the same, in section, showing the
ovary; 7, ovary, in vertical section; 8, sketch of the entire plant :—all enlarged
except 8, which is much reduced.

876]

Lemp.
M.S. del. INF itch hth on Lv imp

L.Reeve &C° London.

Tas. 8761.
BULBOPHYLLUM soctrAte.

Sumatra.

ORCHIDACEAE. Tribe EPIDENDREAE.

Bu.sopuyiium, Thouars ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 501.

Bulbophyllum sociale, Rolfe; species nova, E. galbino, Ridl., affinis, racemis
4-5-floris et florum segmentis convergentibus nec patentibus differt.

Herba epiphytica. Rhizoma repens, validum, vaginis membranaceis ovatis
subacutis striatis imbricatis vestitum; pseudobulbi distantes, ellipsoideo-
oblongi, compressi, 6-7 cm. longi, 2°5-8 cm. lati, basi vaginis ovatis
acutis obtecti, monophylli. Folia petiolata, elliptica vel elliptico-oblongs,
apice subacuta et recurva, subcoriacea, 12-19 cm. longa, 5-7 cm, lata ;
petioli 2-2°5 em. longi. Scapi erecti, 10-11 cm. longi, basi vaginis ovatis
acutis obtecti: racemi circiter 5-flori; bracteae elliptico -]lanceolatae,
acutae, concavae, 1°5-2 em. longae; pedicelli 2-8 cm. longi. Flores
speciosi. Sepalum posticum erectum, elliptico-lanceolatum, acuminatum,
3-8°5 em. longum, concavum; sepala lateralia subconniventia, basi
elliptico-ovata, apice attenuata et acuta, 3-3°5 cm. longa. Petala sub-
conniventia, triangulari-ovata, acuta, subfalcata, 1°3-1°5 cm. longa.
Labellum longe unguiculatum ; unguis incurvus, oblongus, basi subdila-
tatus, 0°6-0°7 em. longus; limbus recurvus, cordato-ovatus, subobtusus,
carnosus, circiter 1°5 cm. longus. Colwmna lata, 4 mm. longa, dentibus
late tringularibus subacutis.—R. A. Rotrr. ~

The history of this Orchid is somewhat singular. In 1908
a large clump of Bulbophyllum Ericssonii, Kranzl., from the
collection of the Hon. Walter Rothschild was purchased
for the Kew collection. Since then it has produced
flowers on various occasions; these have agreed with
the description of B. Evicssonii by Dr. Kranzlin in the
Gardeners’ Chronicle in 1893, and with the figure of
that species at t. 8088 of the present work from a plant
belonging to the collection of the late Sir Trevor
Lawrence. In July, 1916, however, the clump produced
a different inflorescence, which showed that it includes
a second species, so similar in habit to B. Eriessoni
that its presence had remained unsuspected. The figure
now published was prepared from the inflorescence in
question, and its comparison with our t. 8088 will show

Aprit-JuneE, 1918.

how close is the general resemblance of the two species.
Information kindly supplied by Messrs. Sander and Son,
St. Albans, indicates that all the plants of B. Eriessonii
now in cultivation belong to the original importation by
that firm in 1893, and suggests that B. L7ricssonii has
only been collected once. The history of B. sociale, now
figured, may therefore be regarded as identical with that
of B. Eriessonii which was forwarded to Messrs. Sander
from Bencoolen, on the western coast of Sumatra Its
locality should therefore be somewhere in the district in
which fafflesia Arnoldi was discovered. The collection
made in this district by Sir Stamford Raffles and his
friends Messrs. Arnold and Jack was lost in 1824 owing to
a fire at sea. No serious attempt has ever been made to
replace it, and very little is known of the flora of the dis-
trict in which B. Ericssonii and its companion, B. sociale,
appear to have been obtained. The species with which
B. sociale appears to be most comparable is B. galbinum,
Ridl., a native of the Malay Peninsula, which, however,
has spreading, not converging, perianth-segments. At
Kew &. sociale is grown in a tropical house, and does well
under the cultural treatment suitable for B. virescens,
J. J.Sm., and other Malayan species.

Descrirtion.—Herb, epiphytic; rootstock stout, creeping, clothed with
ovate, subacute, striate, imbricating membranous sheaths ; pseudobulbs distant,
ellipsoid-oblong, compressed, 2}-2? in. long, 1-1} in. wide, beset at the base
with ovate acute sheaths, Leaf solitary to each pseudobulb, petioled, elliptic
or elliptic-oblong, apex subacute and recurved, rather firm, 5}-7 in. long,
2-23 in. wide; petiole 3-1 in. long. Scape erect, 4-4} in. long, with ovate
acute basal sheaths; raceme about 5-flowered; bracts elliptic-lanceolate, acute,
concave, §-$ in. long; pedicels 3-1} in. long. Flowers showy. Sepals:
posterior erect, elliptic-lanceolate, acuminate, 13-14 in. long, concave; lateral
somewhat connivent, with elliptic ovate base and narrowed acute apex, 1}-1}
in. long. Petals somewhat connivent, triangular-ovate, acute, slightly falcate,
3-} in. long. Lip long-clawed; claw incurved, oblong, somewhat dilated at
the base, about } in. long; limb recurved, cordate-ovate, rather blunt, fleshy,
about 3 in. long. Colwmn wide, i in. long, with a broadly triangular acute
tocth near the apex on each side.

Tas. 8761.—Fig. 1, a flower with the sepals removed ; 2, column; 3, anther-
cap; 4, pollinia :—all enlarged.

8762

Vincent Btooks,.Day &Son Litimp

L.Reeve &C°London.

L
O2e pork a sar igo Le

ie Oa ds
Tas, 8762.
PRIMULA sytvico.a.

Yunnan,

PRIMULACEAE. Tribe PRIMULEAE.

Primuta, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 631,

Primula sylvicola, Hort. ex Hutchinson; species P. sino-molli, Balf. f. et
Forr., affinis sed petiolis pilosis (nec villosis) lamina folioram oblongo-
elliptica crenato-lobata, corollae tubo e calycis tubo vix exserto differt.

Herba rhizomate carnoso. Folia patentia vel dependentia, longa petiolata,
oblongo-elliptica, apice rotundata, basi cordata, 9-14 cm. longa, 6-8 cm.
lata, grosse crenata, crenis minute crenulatis, tenuiter chartacea, supra
atro-viridia, minute setulosa, infra flavido-viridia et plerumque in nervis et
venis crispato-puberula; nervi laterales utrinsecus circiter 8, basales
leviter recurvati, a costa sub angulo 45° abeuntes, infra prominentes, venis
laxe reticulatis; petioli usque ad 15 cm. longi, rubro-purpurei, crispato-
pilosi. Flores in verticillorum racemos dispositi; pedunculus communis
rubescens, pilosus ; verticillastra circiter 6-flora ; pedicelli usque ad 3 cm.
longi, pilosi; bracteae subulato-lanceolatae, 7-8 mm, longae. Calyx
turbinato-campanulatus, extra pilosus; tubus 8 mm. longus; lobi lanceo-
lati, acuti, 3 mm. longi. Corolla rotata, roseo-purpurea; tubus late
cylindricus, 5 mm. longus, glaber; lobi 5, patentes vel leviter recurvati,
late orbiculari-obovati, apice late emarginati, circiter 5 mm. longi et lati.
Antherae ad tubi medium insertae, oblongo-ovoideae, 1°25 mm. longae.
Stylus 6 mm. longus, gracilis ; stigma depresso-capitatum.—J. Hurcuinson.

The handsome Primula here described is very closely
allied to P. sino-mollis, Balf. f. & Forr. From a series
of specimens of that species communicated to Kew by
Professor Bayley Balfour it differs most markedly in its
much shorter corolla-tube which scarcely protrudes
beyond the tips of the calyx-lobes. According to a letter »
from Professor Balfour, P. sylvicola, as the name implies,
grows in woods, whilst P. sino-mollis favours pastures.
P, sylvicola was collected by Mr. G. Forrest in Western
China, and seed sent by him was first raised by
Messrs. Wallace and Company, Colchester, from whose
establishment the plant now figured was obtained by
Kew in 1916 under the name here published. This plant
flowered in a greenhouse in March, 1917, and ripened seed

APRIL-JUNE, 1918,

from which a stock has been raised. The species appears
to be short-lived under cultivation and is best treated as
a biennial. The flower-spikes reach a height of about
two feet, and as the whorls of flowers develop in slow
succession the plants remain in blossom for about three
months in spring. At Kew this species is too tender for
cultivation out of doors.

Description.—Herb, rootstock fleshy. Leaves spreading or drooping, long-
stalked, oblong-elliptic, apex rounded, base cordate, 34-54 in. long, 23-3 in.
wide, coarsely crenate, the lobes minutely crenulate, thinly papery, dark-green
above and finely setulose, beneath yellowish-green and usually crisply
puberulous on the nerves and veins; lateral nerves about 8 along each side
the midrib, the basal pair slightly recurved, all leaving the midrib at an angle
of about 45°, and all raised beneath; venation laxly reticulate; petiole up to
6 in. long, reddish-purple, crisply pilose. Flowers disposed in racemes of
whorls; common scape reddish, pilose; whorls about 6-flowered ; pedicels up
to 13 in. long, pilose; bracts subulate-lanceolate, up to 3 in. long. Calyx
turbinate-campanulate, outside pilose; tube 3 in. long, lobes lanceolate, acute,
% in. long. Corolla rotate, rose-purple; tube wide cylindric, 3 in. long,
glabrous; lobes 5, spreading ‘or slightly recurved, wide orbicular-ovate, apex
wide emarginate, about 2 in. long, and as much across. Anthers inserted near
the middle of the tube, ovoid-oblong, 3; in. long. Style } in. long, slender ;
stigma depressed-capitate.

Tas, 8762.—Fig. 1, young flower; 2, corolla laid open, showing staminal

insertion ; 3, pistil; 4, sketch of an entire plant :—all enlarged except 4, which
ws much reduced,

8763

d
= ye Oo Tan
MS.del. JNFitch hth Vincent Brooks, Day&SonLt imp

L.Reeve &C?London.

Tas. 8763.
MELICYTUS RAMIFLORUS.

New Zealand and Polynesia.

VronacEak. Tribe ALSODEIEAE.
Meticytus, Forst.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 119.

Melicytus ramiflorus, FYorst. Char. Gen. p. 124, t. 62; DC. Prodr, vol. i.
p. 257; A. Rich. Ess. Fl. Nowv.-Zél. p. 818; A. Cunn. in Ann. Nat.
Hist. vol. iv. p. 256; Hook. f. Fl. Nov. Zel. vol. i. p. 18, et Handb. New
Zeal. Fl. p.17; Kirk, For. Fl. New Zeal. t. 8, et Students’ Fl. p. 42;
Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vol. xxx. p. 168; Gibbs, l.c. vol. xxxix. p. 140;
Cheeseman, Man. New Zeal. Fl. p. 46, et Illustr. vol. i. t. 18; species
M. macrophyllo, A Cunn., proxima, sed foliis floribus et fructibus minoribus
facile distinguenda.

Frutex magnus vel arbor ad 9 m. alta, dioicus, glaber; truncus 3-6 dm.
diametro cortice griseo dense lenticellato. Folia alternata, petiolata,
oblongo-lanceolata, apice acuminata vel acuta, rarius obtusa, basi cuneata,
paulum undulata, serrata vel crenato-serrata, tenuiter coriacea, leviter
nitida, supra atro-viridia, infra pallidiora, 5-15 em. longa, 2-5 em. lata ;
petiolus 1-2 cm. longus; stipulae minutae, cito deciduae. lores incon-
spicui, 5-9, in fasciculos axillares dispositi, saepe ad ramulos annotinos ex
axillis foliorum delapsorum, pallide luteo-virides ; pedicelli graciles, 0°5-
1-5 cm. longi, bracteis minutis 1-3 instructi. Calyx subpatelliformis,
circiter 8 mm. diametro, dentibus 5 minutis triangularibus brunneis
praeditus. Petala 5, patentia, ovato-triangularia, vix 2 mm. longa,
crassiuscula, obtusa vel subacuta. ¢: Stamina 5; antherae subsessiles,
connectivo dorso squama majuscula suborbiculare nectarium minutum
ferente instructo. Ovarii rudimentum parvum. 9: Staminorwm rudi-
menta 5, minuta. Ovarium ovoideum, stigmate sessile 4—6-lobo coronatum.
Bacca depresso-globosa, 4-5 mm. diametro, violaceo-coerulea. Semina
saepe 6-8, brunnea, ovoideo-angulata, leviter foveolata, 2-2°5jmm. longa.—
M. uwmbellatus, Gaertn. Fruct. vol. i. p. 206, t. 44, fig. 8. Tachites wmbel-
lata, Soland. ex Gaertn. l.c. p. 206.—S. A. SKAN.

The genus Melicytus comprises five or six species all
of which, excepting that here figured, are restricted to

New Zealand and the neighbouring islands. J. ramiflorus,

originally discovered during Cook’s first voyage, 1768-71,

occurs in both the North and South Islands of New

Zealand, in Stewart Island and the Kermadec Islands,

and is everywhere abundant up to an elevation of

3,000 feet. It was collected in the island of Eua, Tonga

Islands, by Mr. J. J. Lister. Miss L. 8. Gibbs, during
Aprit-JuUNE, 1918,

her visit to the Fiji Islands in 1907, found it at Nadari-
vatu, Viti Levu, at an elevation of 2,700 feet. It has
been recorded from Norfolk Island, but the material
from this locality, collected by A. Cunningham, Milne
and Backhouse, and preserved in the Kew Herbarium,
does not quite agree with that from New Zealand. The
Norfolk Island plant was described as Hymenanthera
oblongifolia, A. Cunn. (Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. vol. i.
p- 124) in 1842, and this has been identified, but certainly
not correctly, with H. dentata, R. Br. It is evidently a
Melicytus and must be very closely allied to M. ramiflorus.
The material for our figure was communicated by the
Rev, Arthur T. Boscawen of Ludgvan Rectory, Long
Rock, Cornwall, the fruit in November, 1916, and the
flower in June, 1917, from plants cultivated in the open
raised from seed received from New Zealand in 1907. At
Ludgvan the plant has withstood ten degrees of frost
without serious injury. The species, which was intro-
duced into England in 1822, is represented at Kew by
plants in the Temperate House, one of which is planted
out in ordinary garden soil, and is now a bush about

10 feet high. Flowers are occasionally produced at Kew, |
but not fruit.

_DEscript1on.—Shrub of considerable size or at times a tree up to 30 ft. high,.
dioecious, glabrous; trunk 1-2 ft. in diameter, bark grey, closely lenticelled.
Leaves alternate, petioled, oblong-lanceolate, acuminate or acute, rarely obtuse,
base cuneate, margin slightly undulate, serrate or crenate-serrate, thinly
coriaceous, somewhat polished, dark green above, paler beneath, 2-6 in. long,
i-2 in. wide ; petiole 3-{ in. long; stipules minute, soon falling. Flowers
inconspicuous, in axillary clusters of 5-9, often on older shoots from the axils
of fallen leaves, pale yellowish-green ; pedicels slender, 1-$ in. long; bracts 1-3,
minute. Calyx somewhat cup-shaped, about } in. across; teeth 5, minute,
triangular, brownish. Petals 5, spreading, ovate-triangular, barely ;}; in. long,
rather thick, obtuse or somewhat acute. Male: Stamens 5; anthers sub-
sessile, the connective with a rather large suborbicular scale bearing a minute
erage Rudimentary ovary small. Female: Rudimentary stamens 5, minute.
yA Yibaocigaetse py the P99 4-lobed stigma. Berry depressed-globose,
67s 1. i et-blue. , :
Sivek: te, fa dil voi eeds usually 6-8, brown, angled-ovoid, slightly

Tas. 8763.—Fig. 1, portion of twig with fascicles of male flowers ; 2, male
flower, preg: from above ; 3, the same, seen from beneath ; 4, stamen seen from
he Per .0, the same, seen from behind, showing the nectariferous scale ;

» twig with female flowers; 7, @ female flower; 8, pistil and rudimentary
stamens; 9, seed:—all enlarged except 1 and 6, which are of natural size.

Crown 8y0., Price 3 6 net.

which is added some Suggestions on* “Growing Food 1 Plants
‘the War.
By. &.°T.. E LLIS, x, RAS.

ae. tavand is a place for flowers, a place where: one may foster
é Joyeliness, may learn the magic of colour, and the glory: of Bie) and -quicke
with Nature i in her higher moods,” ag ce Re

ABSTRACT OF CONTENTS. fee es A ikea aes ars, Brex
PrRENniats—Cototr Borpers—TuE Rock Garpen—Rosrs—Butps—Wererps,
AND DiskasEsS—PROPAGATION or Prants—Soits AND Manxvres AND THEIR

{ENT — EXPERIMENT IN GARDENING SF ipvmaneen Viewranr, z G.
‘CALENDARS. Sie ¢

&

‘Fourth, Revised Eaition.

ae eae on “1315 ‘Wood - eee ~~
Plants. Drawn by 1 We He Firen 4

_~ - Prinvna ayisopora—. :
_ OvontocHinvs LANCROLATUS

- ZANTHOXYLUM PLANISPINUM

_ Eprax@ra accrecara 4

-MowAvENIUM ERUBESCENS |
“Maus Sangent ss,
“ANGRAECUM GRACILIPES.

- Raopopenpron smpERopHyYLLuM

Howza Betmormana —.

_ BuLsopnyetum socrane . ‘
PRIMULA sYLvicoLa ——; E
MELICYTUS RAMIFLORUS ;

BOTANICAL MAGAZINE. _

CONTENTS OF Nos. 160, 161, 162, APRIL, MAY, JUNE, 1918,

- ALLS., illustrated by Rosznr Moreax,

,

¢
—

_ Stages of growth) with enlarged drawings of flowers, fruit, and sections,

With the plates hand-coloured
_ With uneoloured plates” en

ee

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_L. REEVE & CO,, Led, 6, Henrietta Street, Covent Carden, W.C

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INDEX TO THE BOTANICAL MAGAZINE. Vols. I.—CXXX. -
Comprising the Ist, 2nd, and 3rd Series, ‘To which is prefixed a History
— of the Magazine by W. Bortiye Hesster, Price 21s.

THE POTAMOGETONS (Pond-Weeds) OF THE BRITISH ISLES.

. With Descriptions of all ‘the Species, Varieties and Hybrids, by Arfrep Frver,
a by. F.L.S. Continued from Mr. Frymr’s notes by
A. HL Evans, F.Z.S., and eoncluded by Anruur Beynerr

oi: : aes ; , ALS. 94 pp., Royal 4to
(12) in. x 10 in.), with 60 plates depicting each Species (in many cases in their various

Fa

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VOL. XIV.
JULY, AUGUST, SEPTEMBER, 1918. (7 Price 06, 64. colour ian 6d. plain

or Nos. LOTT: 1578, 1579. OF ae: ENTIRE es
CURTIS:S. co
OTANICAL MAGAZIN

CONTAINING HAND-COLOURED FIGURES WITH DESCRIPTIONS, STRUCTURAL AND EISRORICAT,
; OF NEW AND RARE

AND OTHER BOTANICAL ESTABLISHMENTS.

EDITED BY

SIR” DAVID PRAIN, OMG, CLE, ILD, ERS,

P aivestr, Ropal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

PELL OL

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Pee breath at nature and and her endless | loom.

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RA AUSTRALIENSIS, vate Benriau, ERS, FES., assisted.
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RA of M \URITIUS and abe SEYCHELLES, By J. G. Bax, :
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Vol. V. Sect, 1, |
Ae os .
» VIE

CAL. AFRICA, ke Kat, bee F.R.S., cor
eco whe otherwise State es ip vane iain Vaan soe iow,

fey WELL,
ol. IX, in course of publication, — CCN ey wpa eS
NEW ZEALAND FLORA, uoluie tl
Lord Auckland’: Regan: 8, nee epee Isl

8764

3 MSaelJN Fitch th. m - Vincent Brooks,Day & SonLttimp.

. L.Reeve iCoL onder, n

TAB. 8764.
SOPHORA JAPONICA.
China.

Leauminosak. Tribe SopHOREAR.

Sopnora, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 555.

Sophora japonica, Linn., Mant. p. 68; Loud. Arbor. et Frutie. Brit.
vol. ii. p. 563; C. K. Schneider, Ill. Handb. Lauwbholzk. vol. ii. p. 19;
Elwes & Henry, Trees of Gt. Brit. and Trel. vol. i. p. 37; Bean, Trees
and Shrubs, vol. ii. p. 520 cum icon.; species S. affint, Torr. et Gr.,
proxima, ab ea inflorescentiis terminalibus, leguminibus glabris et statura
majore facillime distinguenda.

Arbor 15-25-metralis, cortice demum valde fisso; ramuli brunnei, juniores
- magis minusve pubescentes. Folia decidua, | alterna, imparipinnata,
15-25 em. longa; rhachis pubescens, basi tumescens ; foliola 9-15, ovata,
acuta, apiculata, basi rotundata, 2°5-7°5 em. longa, 1°2-1°8 cm. lata, supra
nitentia, saturate viridia, subtus glauca, adpresse pubescentia; petioluli
2°5 mm. longi, pubescentes; stipulae falcatae, 8 mm. longae, caducae.
Panicula terminalis, pyramidalis, 10-20 cm. longa ac lata. Flores lactei,
15 cm. longi, aestate exacta aperti. Calyx campanulatus; lobi 5,
perbreves, triangulares, minute pubescentes. Corolla papilionacea ;
vexillum ex unge perbrevi late cordatum, lineis dilute purpureis notatum ;
carina 9mm. longa. Stamina 10; filamenta libera, inaequilonga, omnia
inter petala carinae nidulantia. Legwmen 2°5-5 em. longum, glabrum,
1-4-spermum, inter semina valde constrictum. Semina reniformia, atro-
brunnea.—W. J. BEAN.

Sophora japonica was introduced to this country from
China in 1753 by James Gordon, a nurseryman of that
time at Mile End. It is not believed to be indigenous
to Japan, although much cultivated there. Five trees_
of the original introduction were planted at Kew, one at
least of which remains. The Sophora is one of the most
ornamental of all hardy trees. Its foliage is elegant and
richly luxuriant, and flowering as it does in September
when no other large tree is in blossom, its beauty Is very
conspicuous. It does not as a rule flower until it is »
thirty to forty years old, and is always seen at its best Z
after a hot summer. The pods are rarely developed in
England; the only time we have seen them in recent
years was in 1911. Even then the seeds do not ripen,

JULY-SEPTEMBER, 1918.

although they do so in Central and Southern Europe.
Every part of the tree is permeated with a cathartic
principle. The tree likes a rich loamy soil and should
be planted in full sun. If we exclude the Ldwardsia
group of Svphora, which is confined to the Southern
Hemisphere and is well distinguished by the erect, nearly
uniform petals and small, more numerous leaflets,
S. japonica is distinct from ail other species cultivated in
this country in being a tree. S. afinis, Torr. & Gr., a
small North American tree, differs in its axillary racemes
and its 4—8-seeded pubescent fruits.

Description.— Tree, 50-80 ft. high, the bark of the trunk much fissured in old
specimens ; branchlets bright brown, more or less pubescent, especially when
young. Leaves deciduous, alternate, imparipinnate, 6-10 in. long; rachis
pubescent, swollen at the base. Leaflets 9-15, ovate, acute, apiculate, rounded
at the base, 1-3 in. long, 3-3 in. wide, dark glossy green above, glaucous and
furnished with adpressed pubescence beneath ; petiolules z's in. long, pubescent ;
stipules sickle-shaped, } in. long, caducous. Panicles terminal, pyramidal,
4-8 in. high and wide. Flowers creamy white, 2 in. long, opening in
September. Calyx campanulate, with five shallow triangular teeth, minutely
pubescent. Corolla papilionaceous, the standard petal broadly cordate with a
short claw, faintly lined with purple; keel £ in. long. Stamens ten, variable
in length but all enclosed in the keel-petals. Pod 1-2 in. long, glabrous,

1-4-seeded, very much constricted between the seeds. Seeds dark brown,
kidney-shaped.

Tas. 8764,—Fig. 1, flower with petals removed ; 2, standard ; 8, wing-petal ;
4, keel-petal ; 5, pistil :—all enlarged.

8765

“ d. nD.
Vincent Brooks. Day&SonLti

‘itch lith

LINE

MS de

‘Reeve &C°London.

L

Tas. 8765.
RAMONDIA SERBICA.

Serbia.

GESNERIACEAE. Tribe CyRTANDREAE.

Ramonpta, Rich. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen, Plant. vol. ii. p. 1024.

Ramondia serbica, Pantic, Fl. Princip. Serb. p. 498; Petrovid, Fl. Agri
Nyssani, p. 573; C. B. Clarke in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. vol, v. p. 168 ;
Mottet in Rev. Hort. 1906, p. 230; C. F. Ball in The Garden, vol. Ixxii.
1908, p. 349; Adamovié, Vegetationsverh. d. Balkanldnder, p. 221, fig. 5;
species a R. pyrenaica, Rich., tota planta saepe minore, foliis basi magis
attenuatis, corolla minore, antheris cyaneis apice muticis differt.

Herba perennis, parva, acaulescens. Folia rosulata, spathulata vel obovata,
irregulariter dentata, apice rotundata, basi in petiolum latum angustata,
petiolo incluso 3-6°5 cm. longa, 1°5-3°5 cm. lata, primo omnino dense

longeque ferrugineo-hirsuta, demum supra villosa, infra dense ferrugineo-
hirsuta. Scapi adscendentes, 4-8 cm. longi, sat dense glanduloso-pubes-
centes, 1-8-flori. Calyx 4-6-lobus, circiter 6 mm. longus, glanduloso-
pubescens ; lobi oblongo-lanceolati, 4 mm. longi, basi 2 mm. lati, obtusi.
Corolla subrotata, subaequaliter 4-6-loba, 2-2°5 cm. diametro, sparse et
breviter glanduloso-puberula, lilacina, fauce tubi lutea barbata ; lobi late
obovati, apice rotundati, circiter 1 cm. longi, 8-9 mm. lati. Stamina 4
vel 5, rarius 6; filamenta crassiuscula, glabra, 2-3 mm. longa; antherae
cordato-ovatae, dorso sparse puberulae, cyaneae, 2°5 mm. longae. Ovariwm
late ovoideum, dense glanduloso-puberulum, 3 mm. longum, basi disco
angusto circumdatum. Stylus circiter 8 mm. longus, crassus, stigmate
capitato. Capsula-ellipsoideo-ovoidea, 7-12 mm. longa.—S. A. SKAN.

The Ramondia here figured is a pretty plant for the
rock garden. It bears a close general resemblance to the
well-known 2. pyrenaica which, however, is usually more
robust in growth and has larger flowers with yellow
apiculate anthers. Its distribution ‘is particularly inter-
esting. While the original /. pyrenaica and the four forms
-—for they are really nothing more—of that species which
have been regarded as distinct by Jordan, occur only in
the Iberian Peninsula, extending as far south as the
Province of Jaen in Spain, all the other European
Gesneriaceae, comprising Ramondia serbica, R. Nathaliae,
Pané. & Petrov., &. Heldreichii, Janka, Haberlea rhodo-
pensis, Friv., with its variety virginalis, and /1, Ferdinandi-

Juty-SEPTEMBER, 1918,

f

Coburgu, Urumoff, are confined to the Balkan Peninsula
and Thessaly (Mount Olympus). 2. serbica was originally
discovered on Mount Zlot in Southern Serbia by Pancic,
growing on rocks in calcareous soil. It has since been
found in other parts of Serbia and in Albania, but, as
pointed out by Adamovic¢, the specimens from Albania,
collected by Baldacci, have been distributed and recorded
under the name of 2’. Nathaliae. The record for Bulgaria
by Velenovsky is shown by Derganc to be based on an
incorrect identification, the plant supposed to have been
Ramendia serbica being in reality Haberlea rhodopensis.
f. Nathaliae, regarded by some authorities as merely a
variety of /’. serbica, is, according to Adamovié, a distinct
species, differing in having broadly ovate leaves which
are narrowed almost equally to base and apex, regularly
tetramerous flowers, a patelliform corolla and. longer
anthers. L, serbica has long been in cultivation at Kew,
where it is established along with 2. pyrenaica in a loose
stone wall in the Rock Garden, thriving well in a shaded
situation and flowering annually during May and June.
A few plants are also grown ina cold frame to flower
earlier in the Alpine House. It may be propagated by
its seeds, which ripen freely. The plant from which our
figure has been prepared was communicated by Sir F. W.

Moore from the Royal Botanic Garden, Glasnevin, in
June, 1917,

Drscription.—Herb, small, stemless, perennial. Leaves rosulate, spathulate
or obovate, irregularly toothed, rounded at the apex, narrowed at the base toa
broad petiole, including the petiole 14-23 in. long, 2-11 in. wide, at first
uniformly and densely rusty-hirsute with long hairs, ultimately villous above
and densely rusty-hirsute beneath. Scapes ascending, 14-3 in. long, rather
densely glandular-pubescent, 1-3-flowered. Calyx 4-6-lobed, about } in. long,
glandular-pubescent; lobes oblong-lanceolate, 4 in. long, jz in, wide at the
base, blunt. Corolla somewhat rotate, subequally 4—6-lobed, 3-1 in. across,
sparingly shortly glandular‘puberulous, lilac, with a yellow-bearded throat ;
lobes wide-obovate, rounded at the apex, about 2 in. long, and about } in. wide.
Stamens 4 or 5, rarely 6; filaments rather stout, glabrous, ;,-} in. long;
siege cordate-ovate, sparingly puberulous on the back, dark blue, ;); in. long.
vary wide-ovoid, densely glandular-puberulous, } in. long, surrounded at the
base by the narrow disk, Style about 1 in. long, stout; stigma capitate.

Capsule ellipsoid-ovoid, 372 in. long,

een 8765.—Fig. 1, corolla-limb ; 2, calyx and pistil ; 3, corolla, laid open,
showing staminal insertion; 4 and 5, stamens ; 6, pistil ; 7, transverse section
of the ovary :—all enlarged,

8766

Sm

a :
Vincent Brooks Day& Son Lt amp.

MS. del. JN.Pitch hth.

Reeve x C@London.

TAB. 8766.
GONGORA LATISEPALA. ©

Colombia.

ORCHIDACEAE. Tribe VANDEAE.

Gonaora, Ruiz ct Pav.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 549.

Gongora latisepala, Rolfe; species nova a G. odoratissima, Lem., sepalis
multo brevioribus latioribusque et floribus ommino copiose maculatis
differt.

Herba epiphytica, Pseudobulbi aggregati, ovoidei, subcompressi, leviter sulcati,
4°5-5 cm. longi, 2-2°5 cm. lati, vaginis ovatis acutis obtecti, diphylli. Mola
breviter petiolata, elliptica vel lanceolato-elliptica, acuminata, subrecurva,
plicata, circiter 25 cm. longa, 5 cm. lata. Scapi arcuati vel subpenduli, basi
vaginis brevibus obtecti, 15-18 cm, longi; racemi multiflori; bracteac
ovato-oblongae, acutae, 3-5 mm. longae ; pedicelli graciles, arcuati, 2-3 cm.
longi. lors speciosi, copiose brunneo-maculati. Sepalwm posticum basi
columnae adnatum, elliptico-lanceolatum, acutum, 175-2 cm. longum,
margine recurvum; sepala lateyalia basi columnae pedi adnata, valde
reflexa, ovata, acuminata, 2°5-3 cm. longa, margine recurva. Petala. cum
sepalo postico basi columnae adnata, oblique falcato-linearia, acuminata,
circiter 1 em. longa. Labellwm cum pede columnae continuum, patens,
angustum, a latere compressum, carnosum, circiter 2 em. longum, basi
breviter unguiculatum, medio articulatum; hypochilium obovato-oblongum,
infra medium utrinque cornu incurvo breve instructum, apice ubrinque
aristis setiformibus circiter 1 cm. longis notatum; epichilium lateraliter
compressum, anguste triangulare, acuminatum, circiter 0°8 cm. longum,
basi angulatum. Colwmna arcuata, gracilis, circiter 2 cm. longa, apice
angulata; pollinia 2, anguste ovoideo-oblonga; stipes oblongus; glandula
squamiformis.—R. A. Ror.

The striking Gongvra here figured is one of the plants
which formed part of the collection of the late Sir ‘Trevor
Lawrence, presented to Kew by the late Lady Lawrence
in 1914. This particular plant bore no name and no
indication of its origin. When it subsequently flowered
at Kew it was not possible to identify it with any named
specimen, though it was found to match so closely an
unnamed one belonging to the herbarium of the late
Consul Lehmann as to leave little doubt that the two are
forms of one species. The Lehmann spécimen was
collected in 1899 on the banks of the Timbiqui in the

_ JuLy-Seprempsr, 1918. —

forests of Cotejo, Colombia. There are several species
of the. genus Gongora only known from the descriptions
written by the late Professor Reichenbach. The plant
now described cannot be identified with any of these,
and it is therefore regarded as a new species for which
the name G. latisepala is employed with reference to its
relatively broad sepals. It bears a certain resemblance
to (7. yratulabunda, Reichb. f., figured at t. 7224 of this
work, but in addition to having sepals of a different —
shape that species may readily be distinguished by the
absence of the pair of short horns at the base of the
hypochile of the lip, a character of some value in this
genus. In the possession of these horns our species
comes nearer to G. odoratissima, Lem., which, however,
has longer and narrower unspotted sepals. At Kew
G. latisepala thrives well in the tropical house under the
conditions suitable for its congeners and for the species of
Stanhopea.

Description.—Herb, epiphytic. Pseudobulbs clustered, ovoid, somewhat
compressed, slightly suleate, 13-2 in. long, 3-1 in. wide, clothed with ovate
acute sheaths, 2-foliate. Leaves shortly petioled, elliptic or lanceolate-
elliptic, acuminate, somewhat recurved, plicate, about 10 in. long, 2 in. wide.
Scapes curved or somewhat pendulous, clothed below with short sheaths,
6-73 in. long ; racemes many-flowered ; bracts ovate-oblong, acute, 1}-2 in. long ;
pedicels slender, curved, -1} in. long. Flowers showy, abundantly dotted with
brown spots. Sepals: posterior adnate to the base of the column, elliptic-
lanceolate, acute, 2-3 in. long, with recurved edges; lateral adnate at the base
to the foot of the column, strongly reflexed, ovate, acuminate, 1-1} in. long,
with recurved edges. Petals adnate along with the posterior sepal to the base
of the column, obliquely falcate-linear, acuminate, about 3 in. long. Lip —
continuous with the foot of the column, spreading, narrow, laterally compressed,
fleshy, about } in. long, shortly clawed at the base, jointed in the middle;
hypochile obovate-oblong, with a short incurved horn below the middle on
each side, and with bristle-like teeth about 4 in. long at the apex on each
side ; epichile laterally compressed, narrow-triangular, acuminate, about } in.
long, angled at the base. Colwmn curved, slender, about 3 in. long, angled at
the apex ; pollinia 2, narrowly ovoid-oblong; stipe oblong; gland scale-like.

Tas. 8766.—Fig. 1, lip and column ; 2, anther-cap; 8 and 4, pollinarium,
seen from in front and from behind :—all enlarged.

7 % + = .
n : 1 Samp
hncent Brooks,Day &Son Ltmp

M.S.del JNFitch lith

L.Reeve &C9 London.

LAB. BIG
RHODODENDRON arGyrRoPruyLLuM, var. LEIANDRUM.

Western Szechuan,

EricacKak. Tribe RHOpDOREAE.

Ruopopenpron, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 599.

Rhododendron (§ Eurhododendron) argyrophyllum, Franch. in Bull. Soc.
Bot. France, vol. xxxiii. p. 231 (1886), et in Newv, Arch. Mus. Paris, sér 2,
vol. x. p. 48 (Pl. David. vol. ii. p. 86); Hemsl. et EH. H. Wils. in Kew
Bull, 1910, p. 111; Rehd. et E. H. Wils. in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. vol. i.
p- 526 (1913); var. leiandrum, Hutchinson, varietas nova, a planta
typica filamentis glabris differt.

Frutex; ramuli annotini parce foliati, glabri, hornotini farinaceo-puberuli.
Folia oblonga vel oblongo-elliptica, basi rotundata, apice obtusa vel
subacuta, 8-12 cm. longa, 2°5-4 cm. lata, rigide coriacea, supra viridia,
_mox glabra, infra costa excepta indumento farinaceo albido omnino
obtecta; nervi laterales utrinsecus circiter 10, supra leviter impressi, infra
inconspicui; petioli circiter 1 em. longi, glabri. Flores in racemos breves
terminales laxe dispositi; axis 1°5-2 em. longus, parce pubescens ; pedicelli
graciles, 2 cm. longi, breviter crispate-puberuli. Calyx parvus, 5-lobus,
lobis late ovatis obtusis usque ad 1°25 mm. longis fere glabris. Corolla
rosea, tubuloso-campanulata, 3°5 cm. longa, glabra, limbo circiter 4 em.
diametro ; lobi 5, late ovati, leviter emarg.nati. Stamina 10, corollae tubo
vix aequilonga ; filamenta glabra; antherae nigrescentes, parvae, Ovariwne
8-loculare, pilis brevibus albis dense obtectum; stylus paullo exsertus,
1-5 cm. longus, glaber, stigmate discoideo viride 5 mm. diametro coronatus.
Fructus haud visus.—J. Hurcuison.

According to Messrs. Rehder and Wilson Rhododendron
argyrophyllum, Franch., “is one of the commonest species
in Western Szechuan and shows much variation.” The
material of this species in the Kew herbarium bears out
this statement. But the variations are confined to
single organs and are somewhat inconspicuous. They
are simple morphological fluctuations, readily recognis-
able, but not of specific importance. The authors cited
have accorded the rank of varieties to two of these
fluctuations: cupulare, with rather smaller cup-shaped
flowers; and vmeiense, with slender drooping pedicels
and a rather darker indumentum on the leaves beneath.
Both of these varieties agree with Mr. Franchet’s

JuLy-SEepremper, 1918.

riginal type in having hairy filaments ; that now figured
differs orth all thies in having the filaments without
hairs. This is a difference which, in the genus Lhodo-
dendron, usually is specific; in the present instance
it certainly does not possess that value. There is
within &. argyrophyllum a fifth recognisable Be
collected by Mr. Wilson on Wa-shan (Wilson, n. 121 ),
which has glabrous filaments like those of vav. leiandrum,
but has some of its calyx-lobes over one-third of an
inch in length. The nearest ally of £2. argyrophyllum is
ft. hypoglaucum, Hemsl., described at t. 8649 of this
work, where the close relationship of the two species 1s
discussed. The plant from which the flowering branch
now figured was cut on 5 May, 1916, was raised from
seed received from the Arnold’ Arboretum and sown in
1909. This seed was collected in Western Szechuan in
1908 by Mr. Wilson and was received as his n. 1353.
This number, however, belongs in part to R. Wiltonii,
Hemsl. & Wils., and it may be that in some collec-
tions f. argyrophyllum var. leiandrum bears the name
ft. Wiltonit. The plants at Kew are rounded, much
branched bushes, now about afoot and a half to two feet
high, slow of growth and sturdy. The species is appa-
rently very hardy and did not suffer in the least from
the severe winter of 1916-17, The flowers do not open
until late April or early May, and thus have a better
chance of escaping inj ury from late spring frosts than
those of many of the new Chinese species.

Drscriprion.— Shrub; year- oer
puberulous. Leaves oblong or oblong-elliptic, obtuse or subacute, rounded a

pedicels slender, ? in, long, finel
5-lobed ;_ lobes wide-ovate, obt

coloured, tubular-campanulate, 1;, in. long, glabrous; limb about 1} in. ao th ’
lobes 5, Wide-ovate, slightly emarginate. Stamens 10, hardly as long as
corolla-tube; filaments glabrous; anthers small, blackish. Ovary8-celled, densely
clothed with short white hairs; style slightly exserted, 2 in. long, glabrous,

3 ‘
crowned by the green disk-like stigma, which is 3 in.across. Fruit not yet seen.

Tas. $767.—Fig, land la, tip of leaf; 2, calyx and pistil; 3 and 4, stamens ;
5, anther; 6, transverse section of the ovary :—all enlarged.

nt,Brooks Day&S onLitimp.

Vince

MS del INFitch lith

L.Reeve&C? London.

‘Tas. 8768.
GOVENIA TINGENs.
Peru.

ORCHIDACEAE. Tribe VANDEAE.

Goventa, Lindl. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 542.

Govenia tingens, Poepp. et Endl. Nov. Gen. et Sp. vol. iii. p. 5, t. 107, fig. 1-7;
Reichb. f. in Bot. Zeit. 1852, p. 835, et in Walp. Ann. vol. vi. p. 559 (excl.
syn.); species a G. Gardneri, Hook., bracteis longioribus et labello latiore
differt.

Herba terrestris. Caulis erectus, brevis, diphyllus. Folia sessilia, recurva,
elliptico-oblonga, breviter et abrupte acuminata, plicata, 21-29 cm. longa,
6-8 cm. lata, submembranacea. Scapi erecti, 20-30 cm. alti, medio vagina
spathacea obtecti; racemi multifiori, 10-15 cm. longi; bracteae lanceo-
latae acutae, 1°5-2 cm. longae; pedicelli subgraciles, 1°5-2 cm. longi.
Flores mediocres, albescentes, petalis minute roseo-punctulatis, labello
flavo-viride. Sepalwm posticum incurvum, oblongum, obtusum, con-
cavum, circiter 1°5 cm. longum; sepala lateralia falcata, obovato-oblonga,
obtusa, 1-1'2 cm. longa. Petala subfalcato-oblonga, obtusa, 1-1°3 cm.
longa. Labellwm late subpandurato-oblongum, apiculatum, 0°7-0°9 cm.
longum; discus tricarinatus. Colwmna incurva, oblonga, late alata,
0°7-0°8 cm. longa; pollinia subglobosa, glandula parva.—R. A. Roure.

Govenia tingens, the subject of our illustration, was
originally described and figured by Poeppig and Endlicher
in 1838 from material collected in the dense forests of
eastern Peru at Cuchero and Pampayaca. A specimen
collected at Chacapoyas by Matthews is probably iden-
tical with the original plant, and examples of a Govenia
introduced from Peru by Messrs. Sander and Sons, St.
Albans, through their collector, Forget, which flowered in
February, 1915, were tentatively referred to G. tingens.
The genus Govenia is a very natural one, most of the
members of which are extremely similar in habit ; indeed,
Lindley has remarked that among the genera of Orchids
there is not one whose species are so difficult to distinguish
from each other. In a dried state they are so much
alike if the specimens have been similarly prepared, or
they may vary so much in appearance, owing to the

JuLY-SEpremBer, 1918.

manner in which their flowers shrink, when they have
been prepared differently, that their recognition is at
times hardly possible. One result of this has been that
the Peruvian (. tingens has been actually recorded from
Caracas, a statement that is at least doubtful, because
there is a species from Caracas, described by Lindley as
G. fasciata, »which is clearly distinct from G. tingens.
The chief difficulty connected with G. tingens lies in our
imperfect knowledge of the original plant. The specimen
figured was taken from a plant purchased for Kew in
1912 at a sale held by Messrs. Prothero and Morris, the
floral details of which agree well with the original figure.
The plant is grown in a tropical house along with species
of Calanthe, and flowers in early spring. Itis most readily

comparable with G. Gardneri, Hook., figured at t. 3660
of this work.

Descriprioy.—Herb, terrestrial. Stem erect, short, 2-foliate. Leaves
sessile, recurved, elliptic-oblong, shortly and abruptly acuminate, plicate,
almost membranous, 8-12 in. long, 23-8 in. wide. Scapes erect, 8-12 in. high,
each with a membranous sheath near the middle; racemes many-flowered,
46 in. long; bracts lanceolate, acute, 374 in. long; pedicels rather slender,
s+ in. long. Flowers medium-sized, whitish, the petals finely rose-punctate,
the lip greenish-yellow. Sepals: posterior incurved, oblong, obtuse, concave,
about 2 in. long; lateral falcate, obovate-oblong, obtuse, 1-1 in. long. Petals

somewhat faleate-oblong, obtuse, 47% in. long. Lip somewhat pandurately

oblong, apiculate, 1-1 in, long; disk 8-keeled. Column incurved, oblong,
widely winged, about + in. long ; pollinia subglobose ; gland small.

Tas. 8768,—Fig. 1, flower,
4, anther-cap ; 5, pollinia ;
which is much reduced,

with sepals and petals removed; 2, lip; 8, column ;
6, sketch of the entire plant :—all enlarged except 6,

8769

MS.del JN Fitch hth

d Pi
Vincent,Brooks Day &SonLt mp.

L Reeve &C °London.

Tas. 8769.
LINUM ELEGANS.

Greece.

Linackak. Tribe HuLINEAE.

Linum, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 242,

Linum elegans, Sprunner ex Boiss. Diagn. ser. ii. no. 1, p. 993 Boiss. Fl.
Or. vol. i. p. 854; Halacsy, Consp. Fl. Graec. vol, i. p. 257; species
L. flavo, Linn., et L. campanulato, Linn., affinis; ab illo differt caulibus
crassioribus, foliis minoribus, sepalis angustioribus et brevioribus, cymis
contractis, ab hoe foliis infimis minoribus uninerviis, sepalis tenuiter
acuminatis, floribus minoribus.

Herba viridis, glabra, basi suffrutescens, caespitosa, ramuli exteriores prostrati,
interiores erecti. Caulis gracilis, cylindricus, viridi-fuscus, ad 20 cm.
altus. Folia oblongo-spathulata, ima saepius conferta, obtusiuscula,
superiora linearia, acuta, 10-30 mm. longa, 3-7 mm. lata, glaucescentia,
costa infra conspicua; stipulae lineares, inferiores circa 2 mm. longae,
superiores minutissimae. Inflorescentia cymosa, 2-7-flora. Sepala viridia,
lanceolato-linearia, marginibus magis minusve anguste membranacea,
glandulosa, circiter 7 mm. longa, 2 mm. lata. Petala patentia, ungul-
culata, flava, distincte nervosa, 2°3 cm. longa, 1 cm. lata, caduca.
Antherae lineares, ad 2 mm. longae; filamenta subulata. Ovarium
5-loculare; styli 5, liberi, filiformes ; stigmata simplicia, linearia.—
L. iberidifolium, Auch. ex Planch. in Hook. Loni. Journ. Bot. vol. ii.
p. 515.—M. L. GREEN.

The specimens on which the original account of Linum
elegans was based were collected on Mount Parnassos by
Sprunner, who suggested the name it bears, and on
Mount Olympus by Heldreich. It occurs, however,
elsewhere in Greece, and has been gathered on Mount Ida
in Asia Minor. Before Boissier published his description
under Sprunner’s name, it had also been met with by
Aucher, who suggested for it the name US iberidifolia,
which was similarly taken up by Planchon. Besides the
specimen to which Aucher gave that name, this collector
had also gathered it on Mount Athos, and Planchon,
when he monographed the genus in 1848, after having
referred to the Mount Athos plant under L. caespitosum,
Sibth. & Sm., finally decided, and with reason, that it

JuLy-SEPTEMBER, 1918.

too may be included in the present species. The nearest
allies of L. elegans are L. flavum, Linn., a species which
is to be met with in south-eastern Germany and southern
Russia, and L. campanulatum, Linn., a species confined to
southern France. From the former our plant differs in
its smaller leaves, from the latter in its smaller flowers.
The plant from which our figure has been prepared was
presented to Kew by Miss Willmott, from her garden at
Warley Place, Great Warley. It is not yet possible to
say whether it will prove hardy at Kew. It flowers
freely in May in a frame, but does not ripen its seeds.
It can, however, be propagated readil y by means of
cuttings.

Description.—Herb with a somewhat woody base, tufted; outer branches
prostrate, central branches erect. Stem slender, cylindric, tawny-green, up to
8 in. high. Leaves oblong-spathulate, the lowest usually close-set, rather
obtuse, the uppermost linear, acute, 3714 in. long, 1-1 in. wide, glaucescent,
with the midrib prominent beneath ; stipules linear, the lower about ;/, in. long,
the upper very small. Inflorescence cymose, 2-7-flowered. Sepals green, linear-
lanceolate, with the margins somewhat membranous, glandular, about } in.
long, #4, in. wide. Petals spreading, distinctly clawed, yellow, with well marked
nerves, nearly 1 in. long, 2 in. wide, caducous. Stamens with subulate fila-
ments ; anthers linear, ;', in. long. Ovary 5-celled ; styles 5, free, filiform ;
stigmas simple, linear,

Tan. 8769. -— Fig. 1, flower, after removal of the petals ; 2, calyx in vertical
section, showing stamens and pistil ; 3, pistil :—all enlarged.

Wy
MS.del. JN Pitch lith

Vincent Brooks, Day& SonLttimp.

L. Reeve &C London

Tas. 8770.
ALNUS rFrrMa, var. Yasna.

Japan.

CUPULIFERAE. Tribe BETULEAR.

Aunus, Gaertn. ; Benth, et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 404.

Alnus firma, Sieb, et Zuec., var. Yasha, Winkler in Engl. Pflanzenr.-

Betulaceae, p. 104; Elwes & Henry, Trees of Gt. Brit. and Ireland,
vol. iv. pp. 9538; Bean, Trees and Shrubs, vol. i. p. 180; a var. typica
ramulis pubescentibus, foliis angustioribus cum nervis paucioribus
(utrinque 10-16), strobilis saepe 2 vel 8 minoribus recedit.

Fruter vel arbor parva ad 9 m. alta. Rami patentes, longissimi, graciles,

ramulis lenticellis numerosis conspicuis instructis primo pubescentibus
demum glabrescentibus. Gemmae sessiles, elongato-conicae. Folia
petiolata, lanceolato-ovata, apice acuta vel breviter acuminata, basi
rotundata et saepe leviter inaequalia, calloso-serrulata, supra glabra, infra
ad nervos adpresse pubescentia, 6-8 cm. longa, basin versus 2°5-3 em.
lata; nervi laterales utrinque 10-16, conspicui, subparalleli, supra cum
costa impressi, infra elevati; petiolus saepe 10-12 mm. longus, pubescens.
Amenta mascula solitaria vel geminata, terminalia vel subterminalia,
cylindrica, 5-7 cm. longa. Bracteae peltatae, 2 mm. longae, 2°5 mm.
latae, glandulosae, ciliatae, apice brunneae, membranaceae. Bracteolae 2,
minutae, ad bracteam arcte adpressae. Perianthiwm 4-lobum;_ lobi
minuti, glandulis paucis stipitatis luteis instructi. Stamina saepissime 4.
Amenta femina (strobili) 2-5 in racemum erectum terminalem disposita,
vere enascentia, florifera ellipsoidea, 6-8 mm. longa, bracteis crassis ovatis,
fructifera solitaria vel 2, raro plura, ovoideo-ellipsoidea, 1*7-2 cm. longa,
1°3-1'5 em. lata. Pedunculi ad 2 em. longi. Nuculae ala membranacea
inclusa saepissime oblique obovatae, emarginatae, 8-4 mm. longae, apice
2-2°5 mm. latae.—A. Yasha, Matsumura in Journ. Coll. Sci. Tokyo,
vol. xvi. art. 5, p. 4, t. 2; C. K. Schneider, Ill. Handb. Laubholzk. vol. i.
p. 128. A. firma, Sieb. et Zuee. in Abhandl. Acad. Muench. vol. iv. pars By
p. 2830, partim ; Regel, Monogr. Betulac. p. 84, t. 15, figs. 1-9, partim ;
Miq. in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. vol. ii. p. 137, partim ; Franch. et
Savat. Enum. Pl. Jap. vol. i. p. 457, partim. A. firma, var. typica, Regel
in Bull. Soe. Nat. Mose. vol. xxxviii. pars 2, p. 423 et in DC. Prodr. vol. xvi.
pars 2, p. 183, partim. A. firma, var. hirtella, Franch. et Savat. ].c. vol. i.
p. 457 et vol. ii. p. 502, partim. A. Harinoki, Sieb. in Verh. Gen. Bat.
vol, xii. p. 25. Betula Alnus, Thunb. Fl. Jap. p. 76, excl. syn. Alnaster
firma, Schweinf. ex Winkler, l.c. p. 104.—S. A. Skan.

Alnus jirma is a variable species which is widely dis-
tributed in Japan, and with A. Alnobetula, Hartig —

Juty-Sepremper, 1918,

(A. viridis, Regel), belongs to the section of the genus
characterised by having the female inflorescences in
terminal racemes, which make their appearance in the
spring, while in all the other known species they are
solitary or racemose in the axils of the leaves and appear
in autumn. A. firma is moreover easily recognised by its
leaves having numerous straight almost parallel lateral
nerves, which in the variety mu/tinervis are as many as
18 to 24 on each side of the midrib. In this respect
the leaves much resemble those of some hornbeams.
Though sometimes found as a bush, at others it appears
as a small tree, having long, slender, spreading branches,
which give a graceful effect. A tree at Kew has now
reached the height of nearly 30 ft., and has a trunk
about 6 inches in diameter. Three varieties have been
distinguished, each by some authorities regarded as
species. The variety muiltinervis (A. pendula, Matsu-
mura) has longer, more acuminate, doubly serrate leaves
with 18-24 pairs of lateral nerves, and smaller cones in
a pendulous raceme. This was the first representative
of the species introduced into this country, it is believed
by Mr. John Gould Veitch in 1862. The variety
Sieboldiana (A. Sieboldiana, Matsumura) has solitary cones,
which are larger than in the other varieties; its leaves
are broader and fewer-nerved than in the variety
multinervis, and its young branchlets, which are pube-
scent in the variety Yasha, are glabrous. 1. jirma var.
Sieboldiana is not in cultivation. The variety now figured
was introduced into America by Professor Sargent in
1892, and through him to Kew in 1893. At Kew it
thrives well and makes a very elegant small tree, very
distinct owing to its handsome, hornbeam-like leaves.
It enjoys a deep, stiffish, loamy soil. Professor
Matsumura records it from many localities in the island
of Hondo, from one in Sikoku and from three provinces
in Kiushiu. Its Japanese name is Oba-minebari. It is
presumbly of this variety that Professor Sargent speaks
in his “Forest Flora of Japan” as “largely planted
along the margins of rice-fields near Tokyo to afford
support for the poles on which the freshly cut rice is
hung to dry.” It has hitherto been quite a rare tree in
English collections, but it well deserves attention and

ought soon to be more frequently seen as it produces
seeds plentifully at Kew.

Description.—Shrub or small tree, reaching 30 ft. in height; branches very
long, slender, spreading ; twigs with numerous conspicuous lenticels, at first
pubescent, at length becoming glabrous; buds sessile, long-conical. Leaves
petioled, ovate-lanceolate, acute or shortly acuminate, base rounded and often
slightly unequal, thick-serrulate, glabrous above, adpressed-pubescent on the
nerves beneath, 23-3 in. long, 1-1} in. wide above the base; lateral nerves
10-16 on each side of the midrib, conspicuous, nearly paralled, sunk above like
the midrib, raised beneath ; petiole often nearly } in. long, pubescent. Male
catkins solitary or in pairs, terminal or nearly so, cylindric, 2-23 in. long ; bracts
peltate, 3, in. long, ;}, in. wide, glandular, ciliate, brown and membranous at
the tip; bracteoles 2, minute, closely adpressed to the bract. Perianth
4-lobed; lobes minute, beset with a few yellow stalked glands. Stamens
usually 4, Female catkins (strobiles) produced in spring in erect terminal
racemes of 2-5 together, when in flower ellipsoid, }—-} in. long, with thick, ovate
bracts ; when in fruit solitary or in pairs, rarely more than 2, ovoid-ellipsoid,
about # in. long, over } in. wide; peduncles up to jin. long. Nuwtlets with a
membranous wing, often obliquely obovate, emarginate, 1-} in. long, 73-75
in. wide at the tip.

Tan. 8770.—Fig. 1 and 2, clusters of male flowers; 3, a single male flower ;
4 and 5, female flowers; 6 and 7, bracts of female strobile with nutlets; 8, a
nutlet :—all enlarged.

877]

a d
Vincent Brooks,Day & Son Lt ump

MS del. IN.Pitch lith.

on

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iu

L Reeve& C9]

TaB. 8771.
STEWARTIA SERRATA.

TERNSTROEMIACEAR. Tribe GORDONIEAE.

Srrwarttia, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 185 (Stuartia).

Stewartia serrata, Maxim. in Bull. Acad. Petersb, vol. xi. p. 430 (1867) ;
C. K. Schneider, Ill. Handb. Laubholzk. vol. ii. p. 381, fig. 218 (h) ;
species cum S. sinensi, Rehd. et Wils., comparanda sed ovario glabro
filamentis liberis foliisque subtus ad venarum axillas caespitoso-pilosis apte
distinguenda.

Arbor in cultis parva; ramuli pilosi demum glabrescentes. Folia decidua,
acuta vel acuminata, basi cuneata, ambitu elliptica vel obovata, margine
incurvo-serrata et minute ciliata, 3°7-7°5 cm. longa, 2-3°7 cm. lata, supra
glabra, sordide viridia, subtus pallidiora secus costam et ad venarum
axillas pilosa; petiolus 3-12 mm. longus, glaber. Flores speciosi, secus
ramulos juniores axillares, solitarii, ineunte aestate aperti ; pedunculi
4-6 mm. longi, tomentosi. Sepala 5-6, foliacea, ovata, margine parce et
minuto serrata, 1:2-1°8 em. longa, margine ciliato excepto glabra, recurva,
persistentia. Petala 5, pallide lutéo-alba, extra rubro-tincta, cucullata,
distincte imbricatu, margine indentata. Stamina indefinita ; filamenta
libera, basi sericea; antherae luteae. Ovariwm ovoideum, glabrum, e
carpellis 5 compositum; stylus simplex, glaber ; stigmata abbreviata.
Capsula lignosa, ovoidea, rostrata, 2 cm. longa, loculicide 5-valvis.
Semina compressa, alata.—W. J. BEAN.

We are indebted for the material from which the
figure in the accompanying plate has been prepared to
Sir Edmund Loder of Leonardslee, Horsham, who
supplied the flowering spray on 12 June, 1917, and the
fruit during the following November. Save for the
specimens thus gathered from the plants at Leonardslee,
Stewartia serrata is only represented in the Kew herbarium
by a single leafy spray and a solitary detached flower,
both collected in Japan in 1863 by the late Mr.
Maximowicz. From the cultivated form now figured
Maximowicz’s specimen differs in having the. petals
velvety outside on the upper half, and in having the
shoot quite glabrous, as also are the leaves except for the
axil-tufts of tomentum beneath. In all other respects
the two specimens appear to agree. We have failed to
ascertain at all definitely the dimensions this Stewartia

JULY-SEPTEMBER, 1918,

is capable of attaining. Maximowicz states that it had
been reported to him that it may reach a large size:
“arbor dicitur altissima, 4 pedes usque crassa.” In
spite of this, however, we believe it will never become
more than a small tree in this country. It seems to be
quite hardy both at Leonardslee and at Kew, and like
its allies will no doubt thrive well elsewhere in either
loamy or peaty soil. In the absence of seeds it may be
propagated by cuttings made of fairly firm wood in July
or August. The nearest ally of S. serrata is probably
S. sinensis, Rehd. et Wils., a Chinese species first dis-
covered by Professor A. Henry, and first introduced to
cultivation by Mr. E. H. Wilson in 1901. This species,
however, is readily distinguished from S. serrata by its
pilose ovary, its monadelphous stamens and its leaves

without pubescence in the axils of the veins on the
undersurface.

DrscripTion.—Tree, as cultivated in this country of small size; young
shoots pilose, finally glabrescent. Leaves deciduous, elliptic or obovate, acute
to acuminate, base cuneate, margin serrate with the teeth incurved, 14-3 in.
long, {-1} in. wide, dull dark green and glabrous above, paler and pilose on the
midrib and in the axils of the veins; petiole }-} in. long, glabrous. Flowers
showy, cup-shaped, 2-23 in. wide, solitary in the leaf-axils of the young shoots,
opening in June; peduncles 3-1 in. long, tomentose. Sepals 5-6, leafy, ovate,
minutely and sparingly serrate, 4~ in. long, ciliate on the margin but else-
where glabrous, recurved and persisting on the fruit. Petals 5, cream-coloured, —
stained with red on the outside, cucullate and jagged on the margin, imbricate,
lin. wide. Stamens many, free; filaments silky at the base; anthers yellow.
Ovary ovoid, quite glabrous; style simple, glabrous; stigmas very short.

Capsule woody, ovoid, rostrate, } in. long, 5-valved, opening loculicidally.
Seeds compressed, winged.

Tas. 8771.—Fig. 1, portion of undersurface of a leaf, showing pubescence ;

2, stamens; 3, pistil; 4, fruit; 5 and 6, seed :—all enlarged except 4 and 5,
which are of natural size,

8772

MS.del.INFit chith. Vincent Brooks. D ay &Sos Limp.

L.Reeve & C9 London.

“Tap. 8772.
POLYSTACHYA PosBEGuInuil.

Tropical Africa.

ORCHIDACEAE, ‘Tribe VANDEAE.

Potysracuya, Hook. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 540.

Polystachya Pobeguinii, Rolfe in Orch, Rev. 1918, p. 106; species
P. elasticae, Lindl., affinis, floribus paullo minoribus, sepalis lateralibus
haud apiculatis, labelloque breviore differt.

Herba epiphytica, caespitosa. Caules teretes, stricti, 10-15 cm. longi, basi in
pseudobulbum ovoideo-globosum inerassati, vaginis brevibus obtecti, pauci-
folii. Folia 3-7, disticha, patentia vel suberecta, lanceolata, subacuta,
glabra, 2-10 cm. longa, 0°7-1 cm. lata. Scapi erecti, circiter 20 cm. longi,
basi vaginis brevibus obtecti; racemi multiflori, rhachis sparse puberula ;
bracteae patentes, ovatae, acutae, glabrae, concavae, margine minute denti-
culatae ; pedicelli circiter 1 cm. longi. Flores mediocres, rosel, labelli
crista flava. Sepalum posticum inferum, ovatum, concavum, apiculatum,
0°5 em. longum; sepala lateralia oblique et late triangulari-ovata, obtusa,
0°6 cm. longa, 0°8 em. lata. Petala obovato-oblonga, obtusa, 0°5 cm. -
longa. Labellum cum columnae pede articulatum et abrupte refractum,
unguiculatum, elongatum et pandurato-trilobum, 0°8 cm. longum, basi
carina quadrata elevata instructum, medio arcte recurvum ; lobi laterales
breviter rotundati; lobus intermedius spathulato-orbicularis, obtusus,
margine recurvus, medio concavus; isthmus crista pulvinata pubescente
instructus. Colwmna lata, 2 mm. longa, exalata ; pollinia 4, sphaerica ;
stipes cylindricus, gracilis ; glandula squamiformis.—E piphora Pobeguinn,
Finet in Lecomte Notul. Syst. vol. ii. p. 29, fig. 2, 1-12.—R. A. Roure.

The Polystachya here figured is an unusually showy
member of its large and somewhat polymorphic genus.
Within that genus it belongs to a small group. of species
the original representative of which is P. elastica, Lindl,
but which is now known to include, in addition to
P. Pobeguinii described above, two other forms from
tropical Africa, P. liberica, Rolfe, and P. Smytheana,
Rolfe. The species which forms the subject of our plate
was discovered by Mr. Pobéguin in the peninsula of
Ninkan and again at Labé in French Guinea, and was
described from this material as Epiphora Pobeguinn by
Mr. Finet, who took the opportunity thus offered of
suggesting the restoration of the genus Epiphora based

JuLy-SerremBeER, 1918.

by Professor Lindley on the South African species
described at t. 5886 of this work as P. pubescens, Reichb. f.
There is, however, no outstanding character by which
Epiphora can be generically distinguished from Poly-
stachya, and even if this had been the case there is the
further difficulty that the present species is not very
closely allied to P. pulvscens, but belongs to another
section of that rather variable genus. The species is
reported to have been in cultivation at Paris from the
original specimens. The plant now figured was obtained
for the Kew collection from Messrs. Sander and Sons,
St. Albans, and flowered at Kew in October, 1913,
Another example of P. Pobeguinii flowered at Glasnevin
in November, 1917. The species is remarkable for its
bright rose sepals and petals and for its strongly recurved
lip which has a darker purple front lobe, and a prominent
cushion-like, bright yellow crest on the disk. It thrives
in a tropical Orchid House if planted in a mixture of
peat fibre and sphagnum. It should be kept dry when
not in active growth.

Descrirtion.—Herb, epiphytic ; stems terete, strict, 4-6 in. long, thickened
at the base into ovoid-globose pseudobulbs, clothed with short sheaths and
bearing few leaves. Leaves 3-7, distichous, spreading or somewhat erect,
lanceolate, rather acute, glabrous, 3-4 in. long, 1-1 in. wide. Scapes erect,
about 8 in, long, clothed below with short sheaths ; racemes many-fiowered,
rachis slightly puberulous; bracts spreading, ovate, acute, glabrous, concave,
with finely denticulate margin; pedicels about tin. long. Flowers medium-
sized, rose-coloured, the lip with a yellow crest. Sepals: posterior the lowest,
ovate, concave, apiculate, 1 in, long ; lateral obliquely and broadly triangular-
ovate, obtuse, } ir. long, 3 in. wide. Lip jointed at the foot of column,
suddenly refracted, clawed, elongated and pandurately 3-lobed, 3 in. long, with
a raised quadrate basal keel and sharply recurved in the middle; lateral lobes
shortly rounded ; mid-lobe spathulate orbicular, obtuse, with margin recurved
and concave in the middle ; isthmus with a pubescent pulvinate crest. Column
broad, 5; in. long, not winged ; pollinia 4, spherical; stipe slender, cylindric ;
gland scale-like,

Tas. 8772.—Fig. 1, flower, seen from in front; 2, the same, seen from

behind ; 8 and 4, lip; 5, column; 6, pollinarium :—all enlarged.

8773

p

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2

MS.del JNFitchlith. Vincent Brooks ,Day &Son Litimp

LReeve&C? London.

Tas. 8773.
HYPERICUM Lagve, forma RUBRA.

Orient.

Hypericacear. Tribe Hypericnae.

Hypericum, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 165.

Hypericum laeve, Boiss. et Hausskn. in Boiss. Fl. Orient. 3, 197 (8. rubrum) ;
affine H. scabro, Linn., caulibus ramisque laevibus et foliis anguste
linearibus distinctum.

Herba perennis, multicaulis, 3-6 dm. alta; caules teretes, virgati, laeves,
glabri, ex axillis ramulosi. Folia linearia vel in caulibus robustioribus
lineari-oblonga, obtusa, plerumque secundum margines revoluta (praecipue
ea ramulorum), pellucido-punctata, 1-1°5 (raro ad 3 \cm.) longa, 2 (raro
fere 5) mm. lata, ea ramulorum ob margines arcte revolutis saepe 1 mm.
vix latiora. Panicula breviter ovoidea, subcorymbosa, densa, rarius
elongata et laxior, bracteis ovato-oblongis vel oblongis nigro-glandulosis.
Sepala elliptico- vel ovato-oblonga, obtusiuscula, glanduloso-crenulata
glandulis nigris, 2-2°5 mm. longa. Petala patula, elliptica vel oblongo-
elliptica, basi subunguiculata, superne nigro-glanduloso-fimbriatula,
5-7 mm. longa, rubro-aurea vel scarlatino-rubra. Filamenta stylique
rubella.—H. rubrum, Hochst. in Lorent, Wander. Orient, p. 843.—
-Q. Starr. © :

The graceful St. John’s Wort here delineated was first
discovered by Kotschy in 1841 near Diarbekir. Since
then the species has been met with by Lorent, Hauss-
knecht and others in the Orient, where it inhabits a
somewhat limited area which extends from Aintab and
Nisib in Northern Syria to Kharput and Diarbekir in
Kurdistan. Within this area it is said to grow chiefly
on calcareous soil. The colour of its flower varies,
sometimes in the same locality, from rich yellow to pure
red or nearly scarlet. Haussknecht, who collected both
colour-forms at Aintab and Nisib, was inclined to attri-
bute the colour of the red form, which we now figure, to
the ferruginous nature of the loam in which he found it
growing, though when describing the yellow form as
Hypericum laeve, he and Boissier nevertheless accorded
the red one the status of a variety, while Hochstetter
treated specimens of the red flowered plant, collected by

JULY-SEPTEMBER, 1918.

Lorent, as a distinct species, //. rubrum. There is,
however, no character other than the colour of the
flowers by which the two can be distinguished, and we
have therefore reverted here to what would seem to
have been the view taken by Haussknecht when he
examined the two plants as they grew under natural
conditions. The plant which forms the subject of our
plate flowered in the collection at Kew in June, 1917.
It was obtained from Messrs. Bees, Limited, of Neston,
who exhibited it in flower at the Holland Park meeting
of the Royal Horticultural Society in June, 1914. With
Messrs. Bees, at Sealand, Cheshire, the plant withstood
two successive winters and grew to a height of eighteen
inches, but at Kew it has proved to be tender and has
died after flowering. Though it continues in flower for
about two months, it has failed to ripen seeds at Kew,
but it has been successfully propagated by means of
cuttings made from young shoots. The yellow-flowered
form, regarded by the authors of the species as the
typical one, has not yet been introduced to English
gardens. The nearest ally of H. laeve is the Arabian
fH. scabrum, Linn., from which our plant is readily distin-
guished by its smooth and glabrous, in place of rough
and glandular stems.

Description.—Herb, perennial, sending up several stems, in wild plants
1-2 ft. in height; stems terete, virgate, smooth and glabrous, with many
axillary branchlets. Leaves linear or on the stouter stems linear-oblong,
obtuse, usually and especially on the twigs with revolute edges, dotted with
transparent glands, }-} rarely 1} in. long, ,.-1 in. wide, those of the twigs
owing to their much revolute edges often under me in. across. Panicle shortly
ovoid, rather corymbose and dense, very rarely elongated and more open;
bracts ovate-oblong or oblong, dotted with black glands. Sepals elliptic-oblong
or ovate-oblong, somewhat obtuse, glandular-crenulate with black glands,
7y-1o in. long. Petals spreading, elliptic or oblong-elliptic, shortly clawed,
towards the apex shortly fringed with black glands, }-! in. long, golden-yellow,
or yellow with a reddish tinge or, in the form figured, scarlet-red, as are the
filaments and the styles. z

,
TAB. 8773.— Fig. 1, a leaf; 2, flower; 3, a group of stamens; 4 and 5, single
stamens ; 6, pistil :—all enlarged.

| 2
Vincent Brooks.Day &SonL¥ imp

del. JN Fitch lith

is
©

M

L.Reeve & C9London

Tas. 8774.
SCABIOSA HooKeErt.

Eastern Himalaya and Western China.

DIPsACEAE,

Scaprosa, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 159.

*

Seabiosa Hookeri, C. B. Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vol. iii. p. 218;
species foliis omnibus subradicalibus pedunculis scapigeris efoliatis capitulo
magno distincta.

Herba scapigera perennis, usque ad 30 em. alta; rhizoma suberectum, vestigiis
foliorum indutum, plerumque monocephalum, J olia subrosulata, adscen-
dentia, ambitu oblanceolata, obtusa, basi in petiolum alatum attenuata,
pinnatifida vel rarius integra, 15-20 cm. longa, 1°5-4 em. lata, tenuiter
chartacea, utrinque longe pilosa, lobulis oblique ovatis apice rotundatis
usque ad 6 mm. longis; costa infra lata, conspicua, nervis lateralibus
inconspicuis. Pedwnculus monocephalus, usque ad 35 em, longus, basin
versus circiter 5 mm. crassus, sicco sulcatus, inferne longe pilosus, superne
villosus. Capitulwm subnutans, circiter 6 cm. diametro. Bracteae
2-3-seriatae, lanceolatae vel ovato-lanceolatae, subacutae, 1‘8 em. longae,
usque ad 7 mm. latae, longe ciliatae, dorso pilosae intus glabrae.
Involucellus 2 mm, longus, villosus, apice undulato-dentatus. Calycis
setae circiter 20, corollae tubo parum breviores, filiformes, plumosae.
Corolla pallide violacea; tubus infundibuliformis, leviter obliquus, 1 em.
longus, extra pilosus; lobi 5, patentes, rotundatae, 3°5 mm. longae.
Antherae atro-purpureae, exsertae, 3°5 mm. longae. Stylus exsertus,
glaber, stigmate depresso-globoso coronatus.—J, HurcHInson.

The very attractive Scabiosa now figured was raised
from seed presented to Kew by Mr. A. K. Bulley in
1915. This seed had been obtained in Bhutan by
Mr. Cooper when collecting there on behalf of Messrs.
Bees, Limited. This species, S. /ookeri, was first col-
lected by the late Sir J. D. Hooker in July, 1849, in the
Sikkim Himalaya near Tungu at altitudes of 12,000-
14,000 feet above sea-level. It was met with again by
Mr. H. J. Elwes in 1877, and since then it has been
gathered in the vicinity of Ta-chien-lu in Western
Szechuan by various French and British collectors.
This is by far the most handsome of the species of
Scahiosa met with in the Himalaya, and is readily

JuLty-SepremsBeER, 1918,

recognised among them by its radical leaves, and _ its
leafless, scapigerous one-headed peduncles. At Kew it
has flowered in an open border in July and has proved
quite hardy, making vigorous growth in spring after a
winter, unprotected, out-of-doors. What appears to be
another form of the species with light yellow flowers has
been gathered in the neighbourhood of Chumbi, immedi-
ately to the east of Sikkim, by one of the collectors
employed by the late Sir George King. The same form
has alsq been found near Lhassa in Tibet by Captain
H. J. Walton.

Description. — Herb, scapigerous, reaching 1 ft. in height; rootstock
perennial, suberect, usually monocephalous, clothed with the remains of the
old leaf-stalks. Leaves somewhat tufted, ascending, oblanceolate, obtuse,
narrowed below into a winged petiole, pinnatifid or less often nearly entire,
6-8 in. long, 4-1} in. wide, thinly papery, pilose with long hairs on both faces,
lobules obliquely ovate with rounded tips, about } in. long; midrib beneath
wide and conspicuous, lateral nerves rather obscure. Pedwncle monocephalous,
up to 14 in. long, about} in. thick at the base, furrowed when dry, pilose with
long hairs below, villous above. Capitulum slightly drooping, nearly 2} in.
across. Bracts 2-3-seriate, lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, somewhat acute,
# in. long, over 3 in. wide, long ciliate, pilose on the outside, glabrous within.
Involucel 3; in. long, villous, with undulately toothed margin. Calyx com-
posed of about 20 filiform plumose setae, rather shorter than the corolla-tube.
Corolla pale violet; tube funnel-shaped, slightly oblique, + in. long, pilose
outside ; lobes 5, spreading, rounded, in.long. Anthers dark-purple, exserted,
glabrous, crowned by the depressed-globose stigma.

Tas. 8774.—Fig. 1, flower ; 2, section of flower, the corolla removed ; 3, part
of an involucel, seen from within; 4 and 5, anthers :—ail enlarged.

Crown 8vo. Prive. 3/6 nek.

JOTTINGS of a GENTLEMAN GARDENER.

A Practical Guide to Flower Gardening for Amateur Gardeners ; ‘to
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By E. T. ELLIS, F.R.H.S.

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ILLUSTRATIONS of the BRITISH FLORA.

A Series of 1315 Wood Engravings, with dissections of Britis
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M HANDBOOK OF THE BRITISH FLOR

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By GEORGE BENTHAM, FRS,—

x ee Edited with additions by Sir s De HOOKER, cB, ces. *F.

BOTANICAL MAGAZINE.

CONTENTS OF Nos. 168, 164, 165, JULY, AUGUST, SEPTEMBER, 1918,

.

SOPHORA J&PONICA (1918)
RaAMONDIA SERBICA (1918)
GONGORA LATISEPALA . i, (1918)

| RHODODENDRON ARGYROPHYLLUM,
var, LEIANDRUM (1918)
GovENIA TINGENS . (1918).

Linum ureeaxs z (1918)
ALNUS FIRMA, var. YAsHA (z918)
STEWARTIA SERRATA ; <> (ag38)
Pouystacuya Ponsevrstt ; (1918)
Hyprricum LAEVE, forma RUBRA (1918)

Scastosa Hooxerr * (1918)

; the Life and Letters of

SIR JOSEPH DALTON HOOKER,

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MS.del. JN Fitch ith Vincent Broo

TL Reeve &®C° London.

Tas. 8775.
RHODODENDRON oRBICULARE.

Szechuan.

EricacEag. Tribe RHODOREAE.

Ruopopenpron, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 599.

Rhododendron orbiculare, Decne in Fl. des Serres, vol. xxii. p. 169 (1877);
Hemsl. et E. H. Wils. in Kew Bull. 1910, p. 108; Rehd. et E. H. Wils.
in Sargent, Plant. Wils. vol. i. p. 540; Millais, Rhedod. p. 221;
species R. Fargesii, Franch., affinis foliis plerumque suborbicularibus basi
profunde cordatis petiolis multo longioribus apte tamen distinguenda.

Frutex usque ad 8 m. altus; ramuli robusti, nitidi, glabri, apicem versus laxe
foliati; gemmae axillares anguste ovoideae, obtusae vel subacutae, glabrae.
Folia elliptica vel elliptico-orbicularia, apice interdum leviter emarginata
vel mucronulata, basi profunde cordata lobis imbricatis, 5-10 cm. longa,
3°5-7 cm. lata, coriacea, glabra, supra viridia, infra glauca et delicate
reticulata; costa supra plana, infra valde conspicua, basi circiter 2°5 mm,
lata, apicem versus angustissima ; nervi laterales utrinsecus circiter 10,
graciles, marginem versus ramulosi, infra inconspicui ; petioli robusti, fere
teretes, usque ad 6 cm. longi, nitidi, glabri. Injflorescentra terminalis,
laxa, circiter 10-flora. Flores nutantes, roseo-carminei ; pedicelli 2°5-3°5
em. longi, glabri. Calyz parvus, breviter lobatus, lobis margine glandulosis.
Corolla late campanulata, elepidota; tubus 3 cm. longus, apice 3°5 cm.
diametro; lobi 7, suberecti. vel patuli, breves, late emarginati. Stamina
circiter 13, inaequalia, tubo leviter longiora ; filamenta glabra, albida;
antherae atro-brunneae, 2°5 mm. longa. Ovariwm 7-loculare, glandulis
subsessilibus ornatum; stylus brevissime exsertus, glaber.—R. rotundt-
folium, David in Journ. As. Soc, N. China Br. vol, vii. p. 216 (1873)
nomen; Franch. Pl. David. vol. ii. p. 85 (1888) ; Schneider, Ill. Handb.
Laubholzk. vol. ii. p. 483, fig. 821a (1909) ; Bean, Trees and Shrubs Brit.
Isles, vol. ii. p: 877 (1914).—J. Hurcuinson.

The very distinct Rhododendron now figured is a native
of Western Szechuan, where it occurs at altitudes of
9,000—10,000 feet above sea level. It was first collected
near Moupine, in 1869, by the Abbé David who, noting
it as remarkable for its rounded leaves, used for it the
name &. rotundifolium published, but without a full
description, in 1873. In 1877 Professor Decaisne sup-
plied an account of the plant under the name R. orbiculare,
and although the late Mr. Franchet took up the Abbe’s

OocroBER-DECEMBER, 1918,

name in 1888, that of Decaisne has, with reason, been
definitely adopted by Messrs. Rehder and Wilson. The
species was first introduced to cultivation in this country
by Messrs. J. Veitch and Sons from seed obtained for them
by Mr. E. H. Wilson in 1904. It is, however, compara-
tively rare in gardens, owing to the circumstance perhaps
that it did not thrive very well at Coombe Wood, so that
the stock in the country was for a time somewhat scanty.
Two plants were obtained for Kew from the Coombe
Wood nursery in 1908, and although they have proved
hardy in so far that they have not been injured by
winter cold, they have not thriven well. They have
flowered occasionally, and have ripened seeds from which
piants have been raised, but after ten years they still
remain small and stunted. The species, however, is
well adapted to the milder damp climate of the south-
west of England, and in the collection of Me J,
Williams at Caerhays Castle it forms rounded bushes
over five feet through, many of which thrive well when
given a rather open well-drained situation facing the
east. The first plant to flower at Caerhays did so on
April 20, 1910, and Mr. Williams, to whom we are
indebted for the material for our plate from a plant that
blossomed at Caerhays in 1914, regards R. orbiculare as
one of the most remarkable of the Rhododendrons
obtained by Mr. Wilson. “TI think,’ he writes, ‘ I would
prefer to keep.a good plant of it if I were only to be
allowed one of the whole family.” Mr. Williams, in the
same letter, says, “‘ Wilson told me he found it with his
glasses on the far side of a deep valley, and that it took him
a day and a half’s journey to get there.” From Caerhays
seeds of £2. orbiculare have been distributed freely, while
the species has also been propagated there by the slower
process of establishing cuttings. In addition to this
LR. orbiculare has been crossed with A. discolor, Franch. ;
the hybrids have flowered, and although no improvement
on &. orbiculare they much resemble that parent and are
more robust. The species is readily distinguished from
other known Chinese ones by its suborbicular, deeply
cordate leaves borne on unusually long petioles. Its
nearest ally is R. Fargesii, Franch., figured at t. 8736 of
this work, which differs mainly in its leaf characters.

Description.—Shrub, 9-10 ft. high; twigs stout, shining, glabrous, laxly
leafy towards the tip; axillary buds narrow-ovoid, obtuse or somewhat acute,
glabrous. Leaves elliptic or elliptic-orbicular, sometimes slightly emarginate
or mucronulate, deep cordate at the base with the lobes overlapping, 2-4 in.
long, 13-8 in. wide, coriaceous, glabrous, green above, glaucous and finely
veined beneath; midrib flat above, very conspicuous beneath, about ;; in.
broad at the base, becoming very slender near the tip; lateral nerves about
10 on each side, slender, branching towards the leaf-margin, inconspicuous
beneath; petiole stout, nearly cylindric, over 2 in. long, shining, glabrous.
Inflorescence terminal, open, about 10-flowered. Flowers nodding, rose-car-
mine ; pedicels 1-1} in. long, glabrous. Calyx small; lobes short, with glandular
margins. Corolla wide-campanulate, without scales; tube 13 in. long, 1} in,
wide at the mouth; Icbes 7, nearly erect or spreading, short, widely emarginate.
Stamens about 18, unequal in length, rather shorter than the tube; filaments
glabrous, whitish ; anthers very dark brown, 75 in. long. Ovary 7-celled, beset
with nearly sessile glands ; style little exserted, glabrous.

Tan. 8775.—Fig. 1, tip of a leaf; 2, calyx and pistil; 8 and 4, stamens;
5, transverse section of ovary :—all enlarged.

8776

ge
C £
be eee

Vincent Brooks Day&Sos LY imp :

_MS.del. INFit ch hth,

L.Reeve & C °London.

Tas. 8776A.
MESEMBRYANTHEMUM FULVICEPs.
South Africa. 7

Ficoripgak. Tribe MESEMBRYANTHEMEAE.

MrsEMBRYANTHEMUM, Linn. ; Benth, et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. i. p. 853.

Mesembryanthemum (§ Sphaeroidea) fulviceps, N. E. Br. in Kew Bull.
1914, p. 167; affine M. Lesliei, N. E. Br., fissura inter folia multo pro-
fundiore et apicibus foliorum fulvis maculis parvis rotundatis atroviridibus
notatis apte tamen distinguenda. :

Herba succulenta, perparva, acaulis; radix descendens, elongata. Folia 2, in
corpusculum ultra medium connata. Corpuscula subsolitaria vel sub-
caespitosa, 2°5-4°5 cm. longa, obconica, laevia, glabra, apice 2°5-2°8 cm.
lata, truncata, fissura transversa notata, fulva, maculis parvis rotundatis
sordide atroviridibus ornata, lateribus leviter purpureo-cinerascentia opaca ;
fissura 7-8 mm. alta. Flores breviter pedicellati, 2°5 cm. diametro. Calyx
circiter 1 em. longus, 5-lobus; tubus breviter exsertus; lobi oblongi,
obtusi, 0°5-0°6 cm. longi. Petala patentia, linearia, obtusa, circiter
1-2 cm. longa, lutea versus apicem rubro-aurantiaca. Stamina suberecta ;
filamenta gracilia ; antherae ellipsoideae.—R. A. RouFe.

The little Mesembryanthemum here figured is a member
of the Sphaeroidea section of the genus, characterised
by the leaves being reduced to a single pair, united to
form a more or less globose or ovoid mass termed a
“‘corpusculum.” It is a native of Great Namaqualand,
where it was collected by the late Professor H. H. W.
Pearson of Cape Town in the course of the Percy Sladen
Expedition to the Great Karasberg Range. In its native
habitat it grows on sandy plains at an elevation of 4,300
feet above the sea. Living plants were presented to Kew
by Professor Pearson in the early part of 1913, and had
not yet flowered when in June, 1914, a description of the
species was published by Mr. N. E. Brown. In October,
1915, however, a plant flowered in the collection of suc-
culents at Kew and admitted of the preparation of our
illustration. The nearest ally of this Namaqualand plant
is M. Leslici, N. E. Br., a native of the Transvaal in which,
however, the leaves are more completely confluent into

OcTroBER-DzcEeMBER, 1918.

an obovoid truncate corpusculum with markings of a
somewhat reticulated character, while the petals are
longer, more reflexed and relatively narrower.

Description.—Herb, fleshy, small and stemless, with a rather long tap-root.
Leaves 2, connate beyond their middle to form a fleshy corpuscle. Corpuscles
at times 1-2, at times several and caespitose, obconic, 1-13 in. long, truncate
and about 1 in. wide at the top, which is marked by the transverse fissure due
to the incomplete union of the component leaves, smooth, glabrous, with small
rounded dark green spots on the tawny apical surface, uniformly dull grey-
purple on the sides; the transverse fissure about din. deep. Flowers shortly
pedicelled, 1 in. across. Calyx over} in. long, 5-lobed ; tube shortly exserted ;
lobes oblong, obtuse, about } in. long. Petals spreading, linear, obtuse, about
4 in. long, yellow with orange-red tips. Stamens suberect; filaments slender ;
anthers ellipsoid,

Tas, 8776a.—Fig. 1, petal; 2 and 3, stamens :—all enlarged,

TaB. 8776B.
MESEMBRYANTHEMUM EtisuHar.
South Africa.

Ficoripkar, Tribe MESEMBRYANTHEMEAE,

MEsEMBRYANTHEMUM, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. i. p, 853.

?

Mesembryanthemum (§ Cordiformia) Elishae, N. EH. Br. in Gard. Chron.
1916, vol. lx. p. 252; affine M. styloso, N. E. Br., sed foliis punctatis multo
brevioribus et stylis valde recurvis difiert.

Herba succulenta, nana; radix descendens. Folia 2, in corpusculum semi-
connata. Corpuscula dense caespitosa, 1°4-2°5 cm. longa, 1°2-2 cm,
crassa, subobovoidea, apice valde compressa lobis erectis carinatis, glabra,
coeruleo-viridia, obscure punctata. lores breviter pedicellati, 2°1 cm.
diametro. Calyx 8-5-lobus, submembranaceus, pallide virescens lobis
rubescentibus. Petala 35-45, 8-seriata, linearia, apice 2-fida vel obtusa,
inferne in tubum connata, lutea. Stamina indefinita, lutea. Stigmata
5-6, filiformia, pallide lutea, inferne in stylum columnarem coniata.—
R. A. Roure.

The small Mesembryanthemum now figured is a member
of the section Cordiformia, based originally by Mr. A.
Berger on JV. bilobum, Marloth, but which is now known
to include at least three other species: MJ. gracilipes,
Bolus; J/. stylosum, N. E. Br., figured at t. 8595B of this
work; and Mf. Elishae, the species here described. The
section is characterised by the very fleshy, somewhat
elongated leaves being more or less united at the base
but remaining free above so that the resulting corpus-
culum is more or less heart-shaped. The precise habitat
of this species in South Africa has not been recorded.
It appeared originally in this country in the collection
of Mr. G. Elisha, Canonbury Park Road, a keen cultiva-
tor of species of Mesembryanthemum. The specimen here
depicted flowered with Mr. Elisha in October, 1916, and
was described by Mr. N. E. Brown. Since then Mr.
Elisha has presented a plant to Kew. Mr. Brown has
remarked that the nearest allies of M. Llishae are
M. bilobum and M. stylosum, but it differs from both in
its dwarfer and relatively shorter growths, which form

OcroBER-DECEMBER, 1918.

very compact clusters. The neat habit and the markedly
glaucous green with scattered darker dots of the half-
connate leaves give it a pleasing appearance. The
flowers are bright yellow, expanding in full sunshine and
closing at night.

Description.—Herb, succulent, dwarf; root descending. Leaves 2, connate
to their middle to form a fleshy corpuscle. Corpuscles densely tufted, 2-1 in.
long, 4- in. thick, somewhat obovoid, much compressed at the apex with erect
keeled lobes, glabrous, bluish-green, indistinctly marked with darker dots.
Flowers shortly pedicelled, ¢ in. across. Calyx 3-5-lobed, somewhat mem-
branous, pale green with the lobes becoming reddish. Petals 35-45, —
8-seriate, linear, 2-fid or obtuse at the tip, connate below in a tube, bright

ellow. Stamens many, yellow. Stigmas 5-6, filiform, pale yellow, connate

elow in a columnar style.

Tas, 87763,.—Fig. 4 and 5, stamens ; 6, pistil :— all enlarged.

8777

MS. del. JNFitch lith. Vincent Brooks, Day & SonLt#imp.

L Reeve &C° London.

TAB Siii
PRIMULA SINOPURPUREA.

Yunnan,

PRIMULACEAE, Tribe PRIMULEAE.
Priuta, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 631,

Primula sinopurpurea, Balf. f. in Journ. Roy. Hort. Soc. Lond. vol. xxxix.
pp. 187, 160, nomen (1913); Irving in Gard. Chron. 1917, vol. lxii. p. 241,
fig. 92; species P. nivali, Pall., affinis sed foliis repando-denticulatis
farinosis differt.

Herba robusta, saepius circiter 1 dm. alta sed interdum robustior et usque ad
4 dm. alta. Folia rosulata, suberecta vel patula, oblanceolata, acuta vel
subacuta, basi in petiolum alatum longe attenuata, usque ad 20 cm. longa
et 4 cm. lata, tenuiter chartacea vel fere membranacea, repando-denti-
culata, supra glabra, infra flavo-farinosa ; nervi laterales adscendentes,
utrinsecus circiter 8, valde ramosi, utrinque prominuli; petioli lati, usque
adem. longi. Scapus usque ad 4 dm. altus, robustus, superne farinosus ;
flores circiter 6 in umbellam terminalem dispositi ; bracteae ovato-lanceo-
latae, acuminatae, subacutae, 5-8 mm. longae, 1~1°75 mm. latae, farinosae ;
pedicelli leviter nutantes, 1-2 cm. longi, dense flavo-farinosi. Calyx
anguste tubuloso-campanulatus, extra parce intus dense farinosus ; tubus
4 mm. longus; lobi 5, oblongi, obtusi, 3°5 mm. longi, 1 mm. lati. Corolla
saturate violacea ; tubus cylindricus, superne ampliatus, 1-1°2 cm. longus,
striatus, extra basin versus leviter farinosus, in limbum patulum 5-lobum
circiter 8°5 cm. diametro expansus ; lobi late elliptici vel suborbiculares,
circiter 1°8.cm. longi. Antherae circiter in tubi medium insertae, oblongae,
2°5 mm. longae. Stylus 7 mm. longus; stigma subglobosum. Fructus
cylindricus, 2 em. longus, medio 6 mm. diametro.—Primula nivalis, var.
purpurea, Franch. in Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. vol. xxxv. p. 429 (1888).
P. nivalis, Forbes et Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soe. vol. xxvi. p. 40 (1889) ;
non Pall. P. nivalis, var. sinensis, Pax et Knuth in Engl. Pflanzenr.—
Primulaceae, p. 104.—J. HurcHinson.

The example of Primula sinopurpurea which is here
figured was raised at Kew from seed collected by Mr. G.
Forrest in Yunnan and presented by Mr. J. C. Williams,
Caerhays Castle, in 1915. It is closely allied to the rather
widely distributed P. nivalis, Pall., figured at t. 1161 of
this work, but differs from that plant in its more remotely
repand-denticulateleaves, which are conspicuously farinose
onthe underside. In his memorable discourse on Chinese
Primulas, addressed to the members of the Primula

, Ocroper-DEcEMBER, 1918.

”

Conference held in April, 1913, Professor Bayley Balfour
remarked that the group of forms of which /?. nivalis,
Pall., is the type includes no fewer than seven Chinese
species, all of which, with the exception of P. albijtos,
Ward, have blue or purple flowers. Of these P. sino-
purpurea ig one of the most striking. It has proved
quite hardy at Kew, where, planted in the Rock Garden
in half-shade, it has grown well and flowered freely.
The first examples to flower did so in April, 1916, and
from one of these our figure was made. Examples which
flowered in April, 1917, and again in April, 1918, have
developed into specimens more robust than the original
ones, with the flowers sometimes arranged in two whorls
about a couple of inches apart, the upper whorl then
producing as many as twenty flowers. In each season
these plants have ripened seeds from which a new crop
has been raised. Like some other Chinese Primulas,
P. sinopurpurea must be treated as a biennial, for under
cultivation the plants usually die after flowering.

Description.— Herb, stout and frequently about 4 in. high, but sometimes
larger and exceeding a foot in height. Leaves rosulate, ascending or spreading,
oblanceolate, acute or subacute, narrowed at the base with a winged petiole, up
to 8 in. long and 1} in. wide, thinly papery or almost membranous, repand- _
toothed, glabrous above, yellow and mealy beneath; lateral nerves ascending,
aeag 8 on each side, much branched, prominent on both surfaces; «petiole
broad, up to 8 in. long. Scapes up to over a foot in height, stout, mealy in the
upper half; flowers about 6 in a terminal umbel; bracts ovate-lanceolate,
acuminate, 1~} in. long, narrow, mealy; pedicels slightly drooping, }-} in.
long, densely covered with yellow meal. Calyx narrowly tubular-campanulate,
sparingly mealy without, densely mealy within; tube 1 in. long; lobes 5,
oblong, obtuse, + in. long, very narrow. Corolla deep violet; tube cylindric,
widened upwards, 2-3 in. long, striate, slightly mealy externally near the base,
with a spreading 5-lobed limb about 11 in. wide ; lobes broadly elliptic or sub-
orbicular, about } in. long. Anthers inserted near the middle of the tube,
oblong, 5 in. long. Style over tin. long; stigma subglobose. Fruit cylindric,
= in. long, } in. across,

Tas. 8777.—Fig. 1, calyx and pistil; 2, corolla, laid open; 8, pistil:—all
enlarged.

8778

MS del. JNFitch hth

Vincent Brooks DayS on Limp

L.Reeve & C9 London.

Tas. 8778.
STEWARTIA sIneEnsis.

Western China.

TERNSTROEMIACEAE. Tribe GoRDONIEAE.
-Srewartia, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 185 (Stuartia).

Stewartia sinensis, Rehd. et Wils. in Sargent, Plant. Wiis. vol. ii. p. 395;
Bean in Trees and Shrubs Brit. Isles, ed. 2, vol. ii. p. 553; species
S. monadelphae, Sieb. et Zuce., necnon S. serratae, Maxim., affinis sed
ab illa capsula distincte 5-angulata manifeste maiore, ab hac filamentis
monadelphis et ovario glaberrimo apte distinguenda.

Frutex vel arbor parva, 4°5-9-metralis; novelli dense pubescentes. Folia
decidua, ovata vel oblongo-ovata, acuminata, basi cuneata, margine serrata
dentibus parvis, 4-10 cm. louga, 2-4°5 cm. lata, ciliata, laete viridia, supra
primum pilis sparsis adpressis induta, subtus costa nervisque primariis
exceptis glabra; petiolus pubescens, 3-8 mm. longus. Flores speciosi,
circiter 5 cm. lati, axillares, solitarii, aestate jam adulta aperti; pedunculi
crassiores, 4 mm. longi, pubescentes. Sepala 5, ovata, acuta, integra vel
parce serrulata, 8-15 mm. longa, ciliata, extra versus basin sericea, per-
sistentia. Petala 5, alba, prope basin cohaerentia, obovato-orbicularia,
extra sericea, circiter 2°5 cm. longa, 2 cm. lata. Stamina indefinita ; fila-
menta monadelpha, basi sericea; antherae luteae. Ovarium ovoideum,
dense hirsutum, e carpellis 5 compositum; stylus simplex, glaber ;
stigmata 5, radiatim patentia, recurva. Capsula distincte 5-gona, lignosa,
2 cm. lata, loculicide 5-valvis. Semina brunnescentes, compressa, alata.—
S. monadelpha, Hort. Veitch (non Sieb. et Zuce.); Bean in Trees and
Shrubs Brit. Isles, ed. 1, vol. ii. p. 553.—W. J. Bran.

We are indebted for the flowering spray and the fruit
of Stewartia sinensis now figured to Mr. H. Williams Grigg,
in whose grounds at Cann House, Crown Hill, near
Plymouth, it forms part of a very extensive and exceed-
ingly well cultivated collection of rare trees and shrubs.
There are also young examples in the collection at Kew,
where they thrive well and are evidently quite hardy,
since they have remained quite unaffected by the
rigorous winters of 1916-17 and 1917-18, though they
do not grow with the luxuriance that characterises them
in the softer air of South Devon. This species was
originally discovered in Western Hupeh by Mr. E. H.
Wilson in 1901 when collecting for Messrs. Veitch, by

OcropER—DECEMBER, 1918, ~

whom it was introduced to cultivation. It was distri-
buted under the name S. monadelpha and is doubtless in
cultivation under that name in various English gardens.
The true S$. monadelpha, Sieb. & Zuce., is, however, a
purely Japanese shrub and is readily distinguished from
S. sinensis by its much smaller, scarcely angled capsules,
which are only one-third of an inch wide. Another near
ally of S. sinensis is S. serrata, Maxim., also a purely
Japanese species, figured at t. 8771 of this work, which
is even more readily distinguished from our plant by its
polyadelphous stamens, its glabrous ovary, and its leaves
with tufts of pubescence at the axils of the main-nerves
on the under surface of the leaves. While still quite
young all the species of Stewartia enjoy an admixture of
peat with the soil in which they are grown, though this
1s not essential if the soil be light, warm and loamy and
if it be free from lime. In the absence of seeds, the
Stewartias may be propagated by summer cuttings.

Desortetion.— Shrub or small tree 15 to 80 ft. high ; young shoots densely
clothed with fine hairs. Leaves deciduous, usually oval, sometimes ovate-
oblong, acuminate, cuneate at the base, finely serrate; 14-4 in. long, 3-1} in.
wide; ciliate, bright green on both surfaces, the upper furnished at first with
scattered appressed hairs, the lower glabrous except on the midrib and chief
nerves; petiole hairy,}-1 in. long. Flowers solitary, about 2in. wide, produced
in July from the leaf-axils of the young shoots; peduncle stout, hairy, } in.
long. Sepals 5, ovate, acute, entire or sparsely serrulate, 2-8 in. long, ciliate,
silky-hairy towards the base outside, persistent. Petals 5, white, coherent at
the base, obovate-orbicular, about 1 in. long, ? in. wide, silky-pubescent outside.
Stamens many, monadelphous ; filaments hairy at the base; anthers yellow.
Ovary ovoid, 5-celled, densely hirsute; style simple, glabrous ; stigmas 5,
radiating, recurved. Capsule distinctly 5-angled, woody, % in. in diameter,
pilose; seeds brown, compressed, winged.

TAB, 8778.—Fig. 1, calyx and pistil ; 2 and 8, anthers ; 4, transverse section
of ovary; 5, fruit; 6, a ripe carpel, laid open :—all enlarged, except 5 and 6,
which are of natural size,

8779

ete to

Vincent Brooks,Day& SonLtdim

MS. del. JNFitch lith

L.Reeve &C°London.

Tas. 8779.
‘CEREUS TuniLua.

Costa Rica.

CacTACEAE. Tribe EcHINOCACTEAE.
Cereus, Haw.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen, Plant. vol. i. p. 849.

Cereus (§ Weberocereus) Tunilla, Weber in Bull. Mus. Nat. Hist. Paris,
vol. viii. p. 460 (1902); K. Schum. Gesamb. Kakt. Nachtr. p. 60;
a C, Biolleyi, Weber, caulibus latioribus et aculeatis differt.

Fruticulus subrepens, ramosus, parce radicans, Caules subgraciles, tetragoni,
raro trigoni vel pentagoni, virides, angulis obtusis; pulvilli circiter 1°5 cm.
sejuncti; aculei 3-5 mm. longi, divaricati, graciles vel crassiusculi. Flores .
laterales, solitarii, patentes, circiter 6 cm. longi. Calycts tubus circiter
1 em. latus, basi copiose setosus; lobi oblongi, subobtusi, patentes,
2-2°5 cm. longi, pallide brunnei; squamae quam calycis lobi breviores,
acutae, reflexae. Petala elliptico-oblonga, obtusa, subpatentia, numerosa,
lilacino-rosea. Stamina numerosa, inclusa; antherae oblongae, flavae.
Stylus inclusus. Bacca elongata, setoso-spinosa, flava, edulis.—Webero-
cereus Tunilla, Britton & Rose in U.S. Dept. Agric. Contrib. Nat. Hist.
vol, xii. p. 481. Cereus Gonzalezti, Weber in Bull. Mus. Nat. Hist. Paris,
vol. viii. p. 460; K. Schum. Gesamb. Kakt. Nachtr. p. 60.—R. A. Rours.

The attractive species now described is a native of
Costa Rica. It was presented to the Kew collection in
1913 by Mr. C. H. Lankester. Since its arrival it has
thriven well in the Cactus House at Kew. It produced
flowers for the first time in October, 1917, when the
accompanying figure was prepared. The study of species
of the Cactus family presents several difficulties. Owing
to the trouble experienced in preserving them satisfac-
torily they are, as a rule, but imperfectly represented in
herbaria. Their determination from descriptions unac-
companied by drawings or photographs is often some-
what uncertain. Even where there are ample material and
adequately illustrated descriptions, students of the family
often are beset with doubts as regards the delimitation
not only of the species themselves, but also of the genera
to which they should be referred. In the present
instance all the difficulties alluded to have been encoun-

OcroBeR--DECEMBER, 1918.

tered. There is no specimen in the herbarium at Kew
with which our plant may be exactly matched. Although
Mr. Lankester has not supplied any note as to the local
name of this plant, we believe it to be that known in
Costa Rica as the Tunilla, which is stated to bear an
elongated, spinose edible fruit and fragrant flowers, and
has been described by Dr. Weber as Cereus Tunilla. At
all events the plant figured accords well with Weber’s
account of the Tunilla and still better, perhaps, with the
description given by the same author of Cereus Gonzalezii,
a closely allied one subsequently regarded by Professor
Schumann as merely a form of the Tunilla. This verdict
of Schumann has been accepted by Dr. Britton and
Dr. Rose, though these authors have deviated from both
Weber and Schumann in that they regard the Tunilla as
the type of a distinct genus on which they have bestowed
the name Weberocereus. Whether our plant really be the
Tunilla or not, it accords so well in essentials with
Cereus that we have felt it desirable to retain it in that
genus. The original type of Cereus Tunilla was found
growing on an oak in the village of Tablon near Cartago,
at a little over 6,000 feet above sea-level ; that. or
C. Gonzalezii was collected at Pacayo, at a similar
elevation. If, as we believe, the plant figured be Cereus
Tunilla, the present is not the first occasion of its intro-
duction to European collections; a young plant, grafted
upon the Mexican Cereus nycticalus, Link, is reported to
have blossomed at Paris in October, 1901.

Descriprion.— Shrub of small size, with branched more or less creeping
stems, emitting a few aerial roots. Shoots rather slender, green, usually
4-angled, rarely 3- or 5-angled, angles blunt ; spine-cushions about 2 in. apart ;
spines 4-3 in. long, divaricate, slender to rather stout. Flowers lateral,
solitary, spreading, about 2} in. long. Calyx brownish; tube about 1 in. wide,
copiously setose near the base; lobes oblong, rather blunt, spreading, #-1 in.
long; scales shorter than the calyx-lobes, acute, reflexed. Petals elliptic-
oblong, blunt, somewhat spreading, numerous, rose-lilac. Stamens many,
included ; anthers oblong, yellow. Style included. Frwit elongated, setosely
spinescent, yellow, edible. ee

Tas. 8779.—Fig. 1, pulvinus with spines; 2 and 3, spines; 4 and 5, stamens:
—all enlarged,

MS. del INFitch Lith.

L Reeve &C °London

‘Tas. S7&0.
ODONTOGLOSSUM prRAEVISUm.

Colombia.

ORCHIDACEAE, Tribe VANDEAE,

Oponroctossum, H. B. et K.; Benth, et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 561.

Odontoglossum praevisum, Rolfe in Orch. Rev. 1904, p. 176; 1915, pp. 101,
155; hybrida inter O. glorioso, Lindl. et Reichb. f., et O. Lindleyano,
Reichb. f., artefacta.

Herba epiphytica. Pseudobulbi aggregati, ellipsoideo-oblongi, 5-7 cm. longi,
2°5-8 em. lati, apice diphylli. Folia ligulata, subobtusa, recurva,
25-830 em. longa, 2°5-8 em. lata. Inflorescentia lateralis, paniculata,
80-40 cm. longa, multiflora; bracteae ovatae, cucullato-concavae, 0°5-
0-7 cm. longae; pedicelli graciles, cirea 2 cm. longi. Flores mediocres,
flavi, brunneo-maculati. Sepala et petala patentia, lanceolata, acuminata,
subundulata, 2°5-3 cm. longa. Labellum late unguiculatum; unguis
erectus, conduplicato-concavus, 1 cm. longus; limbus patens, deltoideo-
ovatus, acuminatissimus, undulatus, subconvexus, circiter 2 cm. longus,
apice recurvus; discus crista erecta biloba puberula instructus. Colwmna
clavata, 1:5 em. longa; alae falcato-lineares, acuminatae, circiter 3 mm.
longae.—R. A. Roure.

Since the introduction, more than half a century ago,
of O. crispum, Lindl., orchid growers have found that,
among their plants of repeated importations, occasional
examples, on coming into blossom, prove to belong to one
or another of three species other than O. crispum. This
is not surprising. Mr. Rolfe has shown (Orchid Review,
vol. i. p. 277) that, in the district of Bogota in Colombia,
0. gloriosum, Lindl. & Reichb. £., O. Lindleyanum, Reichb.
f., and O. luteopurpureum, occur naturally in association
with QO. crispum, and the casual inclusion of one or other
of the three in what was believed to be an unmixed
parcel of O. crispum is intelligible. What has been more
puzzling to growers has been the occurrence among their
plants of forms that on flowering proved to be unlike any
of the four species named. Their intermediate characters
suggested that such forms must be of hybrid origin, though
their precise parentage has often been in doubt. When
dealing with these hybrids Mr. Rolfe pointed out that

OcropeR-DEcEMBER, 1918.

although they did not include a cross between 0.
gloriosum and O. Lindleyanum, an instance might be
anticipated, and a plant which flowered in 1904 in the
collection of Mr. W. Thompson, Walton Grange, Stone,
exhibited characters that led Mr. Stevens, his gardener,
to conclude that it must be this natural hybrid. The
characters of the plant induced Mr. Rolfe to adopt the
conclusion of Mr. Stevens and to describe the form as
QO. praevisum. In order to confirm the parentage of
the supposed hybrid, an opportunity was taken to cross
O. gloriosum and O, Lindleyanum. Several seedlings, of
which O. gleriosum was the seed-parent, were secured,
and the first of these to flower did so at Kew in March,
1915, when our drawing was made. As compared with
the natural hybrid, that now figured has a brighter yellow
ground-colour, and shows more of the influence of the
female parent. It is of interest to note that O. Wilcke-
anum, Reichb. f., a natural hybrid between O. crispum
and QO. luteopurpureum, and O. Conradinei, Reichb. f., a
natural hybrid between 0. crispum and O. Lindleyanum
have now both been raised artificially ; also that
QO. Adrianae, Lindl., a plant from another locality in
Colombia, where 0. crispum grows in company with
O. Hunnewellianum, Rolfe, has been shown by Mr. Rolfe
from crosses effected at Kew to be a natural hybrid
between these two species. Cultivated under the con-
ditions suitable for its parents, 0. praevisum thrives as
satisfactorily as they do. |

Description.—Herb, epiphytic. Pseudobulbs clustered, ellipsoid-oblong,
2-3 in. long, 1-1} in, wide, 2-foliate. Leaves ligulate, rather blunt, recurved,
10-12 in. long, 1-1} in. wide, Inflorescence lateral, panicled, 12-16 in. long,
many-flowered ; bracts ovate, very concave, about } in. long; pedicels slender,
about ¢ in. long. Flowers medium-sized, yellow with brown blotches. Sepals
and petals spreading, lanceolate, acuminate, somewhat wavy, 1-1} in. long.
Lip wide-clawed ; claw erect, hollow conduplicate, 2 in. long; limb spreading,
deltoid-ovate, slightly concave, very acuminate, margin wavy, tip recurved ;

disk with an erect 2-lobed puberulous crest. Column clavate, 2in. long; wings
falcate-linear, acuminate, about 2 in, long.

Tas, 8780.—Fig. 1, lip; 2, column, showing the falcate wings :—both enlarged.

878)

LEE GJ
a
MS del JNFitch ith. Vincent Brooks, Day & SonLt"imp.

L Reeve &C 91, ondon

Tas. §781.
BERBERIS BEAnIANA.

Szechuan.

BERBERIDACEAE. Tribe BERBEREAE.

Berseris, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 43.

Berberis Beaniana, Schneider in Sargent, Plant. Wils. vol. iii. p. 439 ; species
inter congeneres fructibus purpureis insignis vix arcte cum quaquam aliarum
specierum conveniens.

Frutexr erecta, densiuscula, 2-3-metralis; novelli brunneo-rubescentes, glabri,
obsolete angulati, spinis gracilibus 3-fidis subtus canaliculatis 1°2-2°5 cm.
longis armati; nodi inter se 2°5-4cm. remoti. Folia decidua, ang in
fasciculos 5-8-folios aggregata, elliptico-lanceolata, acuta in apiculum pun-
gentem abeuntia, basi cuneata, margine nunc integra nunc dentibus
utrinsecus 2-12 serrata, supra intense viridia, subtus glaucescentia, 2-5 cm.
longa, 8-12 mm. lata. Florzs intense lutei, 6 mm. lati, ineunte aestate in
paniculas axillares corymbosas 10-20-flores, 4-5 cm. longas dispositi;
pedicelli graciles, glabri, 6-15 mm. longi. Sepala 9, exteriora 3 ovata, -
minuta, interiora 6 maiora, plus minusve rotundata, cucullata, 4 mm. longa.
Petala 6, obovata, apice marginata. Stamina 6, petalis breviora. Ovariwnt
oblongo-ellipticum, stigmate sessile rotundato coronatum. Fructus
ovoideo-ellipsoideus, 9 mm. longus, laete purpureus, pruinosus. Semina 2,
4 mm. longa, ovoidea, compressa.—W. J. BEAN.

{

The handsome Berberis here described and figured was
purchased for the Kew Collection from Messrs. J. Veitch
and Sons, Coombe Wood, in 1913. It had been raised
from seed collected for the firm by Mr. E. H. Wilson in
Western Szechuan, China, in 1904, and may be grown
in various gardens under Wilson’s seed-number, 1930.
The Kew examples flowered for the first time in June,
1914, and developed an abundant crop of its richly
coloured fruits in the autumn of that year. Since then
the plants have flowered and fruited freely, and now
form bushes six to eight feet high. Being without a
name, flowering and fruiting material of the species was
sent to the Arnold Aboretum, where it has been examined
by Dr. Schneider, who has described it as a new species,
observing when so doing that “this is a very distinct
species of which the taxonomic position is yet unknown.
* Ocroper-Decemper, 1918, 2

As a shrub for gardens B. Beaniana promises to be one
of the most attractive of the many new Chinese bar-
berys, especially as an ornamental fruit-bearer. It is
evidently quite hardy; its flowers are of a rich deep
yellow, and its fruits are of a fine purple and very
plentiful. The seed it produces so copiously ought soon

to give plants sufficient to make it wide-spread in
gardens,

Descriprion,—Shrub, ultimately 8-10 ft. high, of erect rather dense habit ;
young shoots reddish-brown, glabrous, obscurely angled, armed with slender
trifid spines 4-1 in, long and grooved on the underside; nodes 1-1} in. apart.
Leaves deciduous, glabrous, fasciculate, 5-8 in a fascicle, elliptic-lanceolate,
acute, spine-tipped, cuneate at the base, margins sometimes entire, but usually
serrate and with from 2-12 spiny teeth at each side, dark green above, rather
glaucous beneath, 3-2 in, long, 4-} in. wide. Flowers rich yellow, } in. wide,
produced in June ten to twenty together from the leaf axils in corymbose

Tas. 8781.—Fig. 1, flower-bud 3 2, flower; 3, petal, seen from within, and
stamen ; 4 and 5, stamens; 6, pistil :—all enlarged.

8782

a
Vincent Brooks,Day&Son Lt mp.

MS del. INFitch lith

L.Reeve &C°London.

Tap. 8782.
DIASCIA ALicrIaA£.
South A frica.

ScRoPHULARIACEAE,. Tribe HEMIMERIDEAE.

Duascia, Link et Otto; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 931.

Diascia Aliciae, Hiern in Dyer, Fl. Cap. vol. iv. sect. 2, p. 155; species
D. Burchellii, Benth., proxima, sed foliis acutis vel apiculatis, corollae
calcaribus longioribus differt.

Herba perennis, usque ad *75 m. alta, inflorescentia excepta glaberrima, diffuse
ramosa. Caules adscendentes, quadrangulares, anguste 4-alati, 4-6 mm.
diametro. Folia opposita, decussata, petiolata, ovata, apice acuta vel
apiculata, basi rotundata, dentato-serrata, 3-5 cm. longa, 3-4°5 cm. lata;
petiolus ‘5-1°5 cm. longus, anguste alatus. Racemz terminales, laxi,
multiflori, 5-25 em. longi. Bracteae ovatae, acuminatae, integerrimae vel
basi paucidenticulatae, 4-7 mm. longae. Pedicelli erecto-patentes, graciles,
-5-1°5 em. longi, glanduloso-pubescentes. Calyx 5-partitus, 3-4 mm.
longus, parce glanduloso-pubescens ; segmenta subaequalia, lineari-lanceo-
lata, circiter *75 mm. lata. Corolla pallide rosea, basi labiorum maculis
rubescentibus ornata, intra saccum viridescens, parce glanduloso-pubescens ;
tubus brevissimus, latus, postice saccatus, antice bicalcaratus ; limbus
bilabiatus, circiter 1°5 cm. longus et 1°3 cm. latus H labium posticum
breviter bilobum; lobi subquadrati, leviter recurvi, circiter 2 mm.
diametro; labium anticum trilobum ; lobi laterales suborbiculares, patentes
vel recurvi, 3 mm. diametro; lobus intermedius patens, orbicularis,
7-8 mm. diametro, basi papillis minutis purpureis instructus ; calcaria
6-7 mm. longa, sub lobo intermedio labii antici incurva. Stamina 4,
inclusa, 2°5 mm. longa ; filamenta glanduloso-pubescentia ; antherae con-
niventes vel cohaerentes. Ovariwm anguste ovoideum, glabrum;_ stylus
crassiusculus, staminibus subaequilongus; stigma obscure bilobum.
Capsula ellipsoidea, 3-4 mm. longa, 1°6 mm. lata.—S. A. Skan.

The genus Diascia includes some fifty species, all of
them natives of South Africa. Most of them are without
horticultural value, and the only species, other than
D. Aliciae here figured, known in European gardens is
D. Barberae, Hook. f., which was introduced in 1870 and
is figured at t. 5933 of this work. The species now
described was discovered in 1903 in the Kentani district
of the Transkei by Miss Alice Pegler, who met with it in
damp sheltered spots at about 1,500 feet above sea-level.
The material for our plate has been provided by plants

OcroBER-DECEMBER, 1918.

raised at Kew from seed received in 1915 from the late
Professor Pearson, Cape Town. Grown in an outside
border during the summer, they flowered freely in 1916.
At Kew the plant is not hardy and has not ripened seeds;
propagation is, however, easily effected by means of
cuttings. Its nearest ally is D. Burchellii, Hiern, which
also occurs in the Transkei but extends thence westward
to near Cape Town; this latter species has not yet been
introduced, and is unlikely to prove more effective
horticulturally than that now figured, which as a decora-
tive plant, although not without charm, is much inferior
to the better known D. Barberae. If the flowers of
D. Barberae and D. Aliciae be compared it will be
observed that in both species the filaments of the lower
and longer pair of stamens form a loop through which
the two upper stamens are deflected, the anthers of the
latter being thus placed on the lower side, the four
being connivent or coherent round the tip of the style.
But whereas in D. Aliciae the style and anthers are
appressed to the upper lip across the sac at its base, in
D. Barberae they are diverted towards the median lobe of
the lower lip and stand between the mouths of the spurs.

_ Desoription.—Herb, perennial, up to 2} ft. high, all parts except the
inflorescence glabrous, diffusely branched. Stems ascending, 4-angled and
narrowly 4-winged, 1-1 in. thick, Leaves opposite, decussate, petioled, ovate,
acute or apiculate, rounded at the base, dentate-serrate, 1}-2 in. long, 14-14 in.
wide ; petiole 1-2 in, long, narrowly winged. Racemes terminal, lax, many-
flowered, 2-10 in. long; bracts ovate, acuminate, entire or sparingly denti-
culate at the base, 1-2 in. long; pedicels slightly Spreading, slender, 1-3
in. long, glandular-pubescent. Calyx 5-partite, 1-1 in. long, sparingly
glandular-pubescent ; Segments nearly equal, linear-lanceolate, very short.
Corolla pale rose, with darker blotches at the base of each lip, greenish
inside the pouch, sparingly glandular-pubescent; tube wide, very short,
pouched behind and 2-spurred in front; limb 2-labiate, about 2 in. long
and } in, across ; upper lip shortly 2-lobed, the lobes somewhat quadrate and
slightly recurved, 3, in. wide; lower lip 8-lobed, the lateral lobes almost
orbicular, spreading and recurved, the mid-lobe Spreading, orbicular, nearly |
3 in. wide, with minute purple papillae at the base; spurs about 1 in. long,
incurved under the mid-lobe of the lower lip. Stamens 4, included, ;); in. long ;
filaments glandular-pubescent ; anthers connivent or cohering. Ovary narrow-
ovoid, glabrous ; style rather stout, almost as long as the stamens; stigma
indistinctly 2-lobed. Capsule ellipsoid, about 3 in. long, ¥); in. wide.

6

Tan. 8782.—Fig. 1, a flower seen from below; 2, the same, from above;

8B, ovary with a portion of the calyx; 4, stamens and base of corolla; 5, anther
with portion of its filament :—ail enlarged,

8783

a ener
2 a

iat mp

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ay

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Day

Vincent Brooks

@ &CU PLondon.

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it

Tas. 8783.
MESEMBRYANTHEMUM EpULE.
South Africa,

FicomeaE. Tribe MESEMBRYANTHEMEAE.

MEsEMBRYANTHEMUM, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 853.

Mesembryanthemum (§ Acinaciformia) edule, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2, p. 695;
Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 1, vol. ii. p. 190; Haw. Obs, Mesemb. p. 892; Brongn.
in Ann. Sc. Nat. sér. 3, vol. xviii. p. 284, 250, t. 10, fig. 25-28; Harv. et
Sond. Fl. Cap. vol. iii. p. 412; Bolus et Wolley-Dod in Trans. S. Afr.
Phil. Soc. vol. xiv. p. 265; Berger, Mesemb. pp. 2038, 204, fig. 40, 1-5;
Marloth, Pl. S. Afr. vol. i. p. 208, t. 50, fig. A, etiam in textu, fig. 92 ;
N. E. Br. in Gard. Chron. 1885, vol. xxiv. pp. 145, 266; J. Hutchinson im
Gard. Chron. 1917, vol. Ixii. p. 31; species a M,. acinaciforme, Linn.,
foliis subaequaliter triquetris oblongis nee obovato-oblongis, et floribus flavis
vel senescentibus carneis nec violaceo-rubris statim distinguenda.

Herba succulenta, valde ramosa, procumbens vel pendula, 0°5-1 m. longa,
ramulis crasiusculis angulatis. Folia opposita, sessilia, oblonga, subobtusa,
subaequaliter triquetra, subincurva, crasso-carnosa, viridia, 4-7 em. longa,
circiter 1 em. lata. Flores terminales, solitarii, 7-8 cm. diametro, primum
flavi demum carnei. Calycis tubus turbinatus, 2-2°5 cm. longus; lobi
inaequales, ovati vel oblongi, subobtusi, 2-8 cm. longi. Petala patentia,
numerosissima, lineari-oblonga, flava sed senescentia carnea. Stamina
numerosissima, brevia ; antherae lineari-oblongae, flavae. Stigmata sub-
sessilia, numerosa, reflexa. Fructus turbinatus, grandis, edulis.—M.
acinaciforme, var. flavum, Linn. Sp. Plant. ed.il, p. 485, M. falcatum
majus jlore amplo luteo, Dill. Hort. Eltham, p. 283, t. 212, fig. 272 (1782).
M. sive Flos meridianus Africanus triangulari folio frutescens maximus
procumbens fructu turbinato edule flore luteo, Breyn. Prodr. vol. ii. p. 67
(1689). Chrysanthemum Aizooides Africanus triangulari folio flore aureo,
Breyn. Exot. Pl. cent. i. p. 163 (1678).—R. A. RoLFE.

No Mesembryanthemum to be met with in succulent col-
lections is more handsome than the Jong known /. edule,
figured here from material obtained by Mr. J. Hutchinson
on the face of an old quarry at the entrance to Caerthillian
Valley in Cornwall, where it is thoroughly naturalised in
company with the Australian and Chilian species M. aequi-
laterale, Haw. A native of South Africa, J. edule,
in most parts of Britain, requires the protection of a
greenhouse during winter. But in certain localities in
Cornwall, South Devon and Jersey, it is now established

OcropeR—DecemBER, 1918.

as an alien, and in those parts of the United Kingdom
with a similar climate the species is hardy and is seen to
best advantage when planted along the top of a low wall
and allowed to hang down. It thrives best if planted
in poor sandy soil, and may be propagated with ease
by cuttings taken at any season. The nearest ally of
M. edule is another Cape species, MV. acinaciforme, Linn.,
figured at t. 5539 of this work. The two ‘are readily
distinguished, when alive, by their differently coloured
flowers and their differently shaped leaves. As seen in
dried specimens, however, they are not always easily dis-
criminated, and when Linnaeus enumerated both in 1753
he regarded them as varieties of one species. Ten years
later Linnaeus recognised the species now described as
distinct, and this judgment has never since been chal-
lenged. M. edule and M. acinaciforme, together with the
somewhat similar M. aequilaterale which, however, is
confined to the Pacific coasts of America and to Australia,
but does not occur in §. Africa, were grouped by
Haworth in the section Acinaciformia, which, as Marloth
points out, differs from all other sections of the genus in
bearing fleshy fruits—in the S. African species known as
Zuurvygen or Hottentot figs—with numerous small seeds
embedded in a subacid edible pulp; in other sections
the fruits are dry capsules. The cultural history of
M. edule began long before it received that name. In
1732 it was, as a figure by Dillenius shows, in the garden
of Sherard at Eltham. Moreover it was, as Dillenius
knew, in the Breynian collection ; Breyn tells us it was
in his garden in Holland in 1668.

Description.—Herb, succulent, much branched, prostrate or pendulous,
2-4 ft. long, with rather stout angular branches. Leaves opposite, sessile,
oblong, rather blunt, more or less 3-gonous, somewhat incurved, thickly fleshy,
green, 17-3 in. long, over} in. wide. Flowers terminal, solitary, about 8 in.
across, yellow when they open, changing later to flesh-coloured. Calyx with a
turbinate tube, 3-1 in. long; lobes ovate or oblong, rather blunt, unequal,
#-l} in. long. Petals Spreading, very many, linear-oblong. Stamens very
many, short; anthers linear-oblong, yellow. Stigmas subsessile, numerous,
reflexed. Fruit turbinate large, edible,

Tax. 8783.—Fig. 1, stamen seen from in front ; 2, the same, seen from behind ;
3, section of calyx-tube, showing stamens and stigmas :—all enlarged.

Vincent Brooks Day &Son Indimp.

Tas. 8784.
RHODODENDRON OREOTREPHES.

Yunnan.

ERIcackaAE. Tribe RHODOREAE.

Ruopopenpron, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 599.

Rhododendron oreotrephes, W. W. Sm. in Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinb.
vol. viii. p. 201 (1914); Millais, ‘Rhodod. p. 221 (1917); species
R. stereophyllo, Balt. f. et Smith, et R. apiculato, Rehd. et Wils., affinis ;
ab illo ramulis fere laevibus nec lepidotis, foliisque supra glabris, ab hoc
foliis majoribus ellipticis vix conspicue apiculatis differt.

Frutex vel arbor usque ad 8 m. alta (Forrest) ; ramuli annotini nitidi, glabri»

' brunnescentes, hornotini parce peltato-glandulosi. Folia parva, late
elliptica, utrinque rotundata, apice obtuse mucronata, 3-4°5 cm. longa,
rigide coriacea, supra glabra, fusco-viridia, infra glauca, dense glanduloso-
squamosa, nervis inconspicuis ; petioli 8-10 mm. longi, supra suleati, infra
transverse rugosi, minute et parce squamigeri vel fere glabri. Inflorescentia
terminalis, circiter 6-flora; pedicelli 1-2 cm. longi, parce lepidoti. Calyx
obsoletus, circiter 1 mm. longus, undulatus, extra laxe lepidotus. Corolla
saepius rosea, late infundibuliformis; tubus 2 cm. longus, extra glaber,
intus minute puberulus ; lobi 5, patuli, late ovato-orbiculares, 2°5 cm.
longi, apice rotundati. «Stamina 10, corolla fere aequilonga; filamenta
inaequalia, basin versus parce pubescentia ; antherae 2°5 mm. longae,
ochraceae. Ovarium 5-loculare, dense squamigerum ; stylus exsertus,
glaber, 8°5 cm. longus, stigmate 5-lobulato coronatus.—J. HuTcHINSON.

The species now figured, Rhododendron oreotrephes, 18 &
native of Yunnan, where it was discovered by Mr. G.
Forrest on the eastern flank of the Li-Kiang range at
altitudes of 11,000-12,000 feet, growing in company with
several other species of Rhododendron, and forming a
tree fifteen to twenty-five feet high. The material for
our plate has been received from Mr. J. C. Williams, in
whose collection at Caerhays Castle, Cornwall, it thrives
remarkably well, and where, Mr. Williams informs us, it
is easy to grow if given a fairly exposed situation. It
bears exposure to the sun at Caerhays better than most
Rhododendrons, but Mr. Williams has found individual
plants die very suddenly from no evident cause, and has
experienced this more frequently with &. oreotrephes

Ocroper-DEceMBER, 1918.

than with other species of the genus. At Kew the
species is evidently perfectly hardy. It passed through
the winter of 1916-17, notwithstanding the severity of
the conditions to which it was exposed, with as little
injury as any Chinese Rhododendron. At Caerhays
Mr. Williams finds that the flowers have a considerable
range of colour, the shades varying a good deal in value;
the form of the blossom varies also in individual plants.
At Kew it flowers freely, and produces seed from which
young plants have been raised. The most striking
feature of R. orevtrephes is, however, the beauty of the
foliage, due to the bloom on the underside of the leaves.
In Cornwall, Mr. Williams remarks, the foliage of many
of his plants is, at a particular stage of growth, among
the most brilliant of any plant seen in the south-west of
England, recalling the colour of the leaves of the sea-
hollies. In the neighbourhood of London this character
is far less striking. As yet none of the plants in cultivation
have attained the dimensions noted by Mr. Forrest for
the wild plant in China. In situations otherwise suitable
it is best planted on a slope, so that the glaucous hue of
its young leaves may be seen from below. Asa practical
point, Mr. Williams observes that rabbits eat this
Rhododendron more than they do most shrubs.

Descriprion.— Shrub or, in the wild state, a tree up to 25 ft. high; new
shoots sparingly beset with peltate glands, in their second year shining,
glabrous and brownish. Leaves small, wide elliptic, rounded at apex and base,
and at the apex bluntly mucronate, 1}-1{ in. long, 2-1} in. wide, firmly
coriaceous, glabrous and tawny green above, beneath glaucous, densely clothed
with glandular scales, the nerves indistinct ; petiole 3-2 in. long, channelled
above, transversely rugose beneath, finely and sparingly lepidote or nearly
glabrous. Inflorescence terminal, about 6-flowered ; pedicels 31-3 in. long,
sparingly lepidote. Calyx obsolete or very small and with undulate margin,
sparingly lepidote outside. Corolla usually rose but sometimes variously

flushed with lilae or lavender, wide funnel-shaped ; tube # in. long, glabrous
outside, finely puberulous within; lobes 5, spreading, wide ovate-orbicular,
1 in. long, rounded to the tip. Stamens 10, nearly as long as the corolla;
filaments unequal, Sparingly pubescent towards the base; anthers ,); in. long,

yellow. Ovary 5-celled densely lepidote ; ; in.
long ; stigma 5-lobed, ’ y Jepidote; style exserted, glabrous, over 1} in

Tas. 8784.—Fig. 1, apex of a leaf; 2, calyx and pistil; 8 and 4, stamens;
5, anther ; 6, ov. , in transverse section eh Galeroad, : ;

8785

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Tas. 8785.
BULBOPHYLLUM Hame tint.

Madagascar.

ORCHIDACEAE. Tribe EpIpENDREAE.

Buipopuytitum, Thouars; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 501.

Bulbophyllum Hamelinii, Rolfe in Orch. Rev. 1902, p, 284; ibid. 1904, p. 268 ;
species insignis, pseudobulbis latis et valde compressis, foliis et inflores-
centiis magnis distincta.

Herba epiphytica, grandis; rhizoma breve, validum, lignosum. Pseudobulbi
_sessiles, aggregati,! obcordato-orbiculares, valde compressi, 7-10 cm.
diametro, basi vaginis ovatis acutis imbricatis obtecti, apice diphylli.
Folia elliptica vel obovato-elliptica, obtusa, 40-75 cm. longa, 7-12 cm.
lata, valde coriacea, basi subattenuata. Scapi axillares, arcuati, validi,
40-75 cm. longi, vaginis numerosis spathaceis imbricatis obtecti; racemi
subpenduli, 10-14 cm. longi, densiflori; bracteae late ovatae, subobtusae,
concavae, 1°3-1°8 cm. longae; pedicelli validi, 0°5 cm. longi. lores
mediocres, numerosi, purpureo-suffusi et maculati, labello atropurpureo.
Sepalum posticum elliptico-ovatum, 1°2 cm. longum, apice recurvum et
subobtusum ; sepala lateralia ovata, acuta, concava, 1:2 cm. longa, basi
connata. Petala deltoideo-subulata, acuta, 4 mm. longa. Labellum
elliptico-oblongum, subobtusum, recurvum, carnosum, 0-7 cm. longum,
facie et margine papillosum; discus bicarinatus. Colwmna lata, 4 mm.
longa; dentes triangulares subacuti, 1 mm. longi.—R. A. Ro.re.

Bulbophyllum Hamelinii was first found in Madagascar
a quarter of a century ago. Living plants were sent by
Mr. Hamelin to Messrs. Sander and Sons, St. Albans,
and in 1893 a note in “Garden and Forest” (p. 336)
detailed the leading features of the species—its large
size, its curious pseudobulbs “ like some great flat marine
shell,” its erect scape “thick as one’s finger” and a foot
and a half long, and the large number of flower-scars
along the upper portion of the scape. When that note
was written the flowers had not been seen, and it was
not until August, 1902, that a plant acquired by the
Royal Botanic Garden, Glasnevin, produced an inflores-
cence which enabled a description of the flowers to be
prepared. The note from Sir F. W. Moore which accom-
panied this inflorescence indicated that the plant hardly

OcropeR-DECEMBER, 1918.

_ fulfilled the expectations its size had led growers to form.
This note refers to the disagreeable odour characteristic
of this interesting plant, which is not closely allied to
any other known Bulbophyllum, and is readily distin-
guished from all the cultivated species by its obcordate-
orbicular, compressed pseudobulbs, concave on one face,
convex on the other, and closely flattened against the
thick climbing rootstock. The Glasnevin plant of
B. Hamelinii blossomed again in 1904. Another plant,
obtained for Kew from Messrs. Sander, flowered for the
first time in August, 1916, when our plate was prepared.
In August, 1917, a third plant, part of the collection of
the late Sir Trevor Lawrence, presented to Kew by
Lady Lawrence in 1914, also flowered for the first time.
Both Kew plants thrive well in a tropical house in
baskets of peat and sphagnum suspended from the roof.
They require abundant water whilst making their growth
in autumn. Though &. Hamelinii has no near allies it
resembles in its carrion-like odour the Bornean /. Beccarii,
Reichb. f., figured at t. 6567 of this work. When the
original consignment of B. [amelinii reached this country,
no precise habitat was recorded, but a fruiting specimen
collected by Mr. Warpur, which reached Kew in 1900,
is noted as being from a forest at Tanabe.

Description.—Herb, large, epiphytic; rootstock short, stout, woody ;
pseudobulbs sessile, clustered, obcordate-orbicular, much compressed, 3-4 in.
across, clothed at the base with ovate, acute, imbricate sheaths ; 2-foliate.
Leaves elliptic or obovate-elliptic, blunt, 14-2} ft. long, 3-5 in. wide, very
firmly leathery, rather narrowed towards the base. Scapes axillary, in flower
curved, in fruit nearly erect, stout, 13-23 ft. long, clothed with numerous
spathaceous imbricate sheaths; raceme somewhat drooping, 4-5 in. long,
dense-flowered ; bracts wide ovate, rather blunt, concave, }—} in. long; pedicels
stout, 2 in. long. Flowers medium-sized, numerous, suffused and blotched
with purple and with a dark-purple lip. Sepals: posterior elliptic-ovate,
3 in. long, with a recurved rather blunt tip; lateral ovate, acute, concave, } in.
long, connate below. Petals deltoid-subulate, acute, in. long. Lip elliptic-
oblong, rather blunt, recurved, fleshy, nearly

+ in. long, papillose on the surface
and margin; disk 2-keeled. Colwmn broad, s in. long; teeth triangular, some-
what acute, very short.

Tas. 8785.—Fig. 1, flower; 2, petal; 38, lip; 4, column; 5, anther-cap ;

6, pollinia; 7, sketch of the entire plant :—all enlarged except 7, which is
much reduced,

INDEX

To Vol. XLV. (1918) of the Fourrs Ssrtss, or Vol. CXLIV.
of the whole Work. 7

8746 Agave fourcroydes.

8770 Alnus firma, var. Yasha.
8758 Angraecum gracilipes.
8751 Asparagus falcatus.

8781 Berberis Beaniana.

8785 Bulbophyllum Hamelinii.
8761 - sociale.
8779 Cereus Tunilla.

8782 Diascia Aliciae.

8748 Hcheveria setosa.
8755 Erlangea aggregata.
8766 Gongora latisepala.
8768 Govenia tingens.
8760 Howea Belmoreana.
8773 Hypericum _ laeve,

rubra.

8745 Indigofera pendula.
8769 Linum elegans.

8744 Macodes Sanderiana.
8757 Malus Sargentii.

8763 Melicytus ramiflorus.
8783 Mesembryanthemum edule.
87763 a Elishae.
87764 ra fulviceps.

forma

8756 Monadenium erubescens.

8780 Odontoglossum praevisum.

8743 s lanceolatus.

8742 Paeonia peregrina.

8749 Petunia integrifolia.

8772 Polystachya Pobeguinii.

8752 Primula anisodora.

8777 ~=—+,, \~—«sinopurpurea.

8762 “ sylvicola.

8743 Pteridophyllum racemosum.

8765 Ramondia serbica.

8767 Rhododendron argyrophyl-
lum, var. leiandrum.

8750 Rhododendron __brachyan-
thum.

8775 Rhododendron orbiculare.

8784 oe oreotrephes.
8747 ” prostratum.
8759 i‘ siderophyllum.

8774 Scabiosa Hookeri.
8764 Sophora japonica.
8771 Stewartia serrata.
8778 is sinensis.
8754 Zanthoxylum planispinum.

Crown. v0. ‘Price s/6 net,

~ JOTTINGS Pi GENTLEMAN “GARDENER. 7

fs A Practical Guide to Flower Gardening for Amateur Gardeners; to ~
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“A Garden is a place for flowers, & place where one may Tostor & passion for ;
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with Nature in her isco moods.”

ABSTRACT OF CONTENTS. _Srartine K Garpex—ANNUATS, Brmnzars AND 2
PERENNIALS—COLOUR Borpers—THe Rock Ganpex—Rosrs—Bures—Wer DS). PESTS, | ns
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ILLUSTRATIONS of the BRITISH FLORA.

A Series of 1315: Wood Hngravings, with dissections of ‘Britich

Plants, Drawn by W. H. Frros, F.LS,, swith additions by W. G.
... (Surrs, F.L.8. Forming an iNustrated companion to BENTHAM'S: =
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ey SEA ses the ben haits names and a an nse of ie ee: st the flower. ie

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“HANDBOOK OF THE BRITISH FLORA.
A DESCRIPTION OF THE FLOWERING PLANTS AND FERNS ~ |
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