CURTIS'S BOTANICAL MAGAZINE, COMPRISING THE Plants of the Ropal Gardens of Kev, OF OTHER BOTANICAL ESTABLISHMENTS IN GREAT BRITAIN ; WITH SUITABLE DESCRIPTIONS; BY SIR JOSEPH DALTON HOOKER, M.D., ‘C.B., G.C.S.L, EB.S.,; E.U8., Ere., D.C.L. OXON., LL.D. CANTAB., CORRESPONDENT OF THE INSTITUTE OF FRANCE. ed VOL. LIII. OF THE THIRD SERIES. (Or Vol. CXXIILI. of the Whole Work.) “Thanks to the human heart, by which we live, Thanks to its tenderness, its j and fears, To me the meanest flower that blows can give Thoughts that do often lie too deep for tears.” Worpsworts, Imit. of Immortality, ii. LONDON: L. REEVE & CO., Publishers to the Home, Colonial, and Indian Governments, 6, HENRIETTA STREET, COVENT GARDEN. ee [All rights reserved. ] - ‘Wo.Bot. Garden, a ee eee ue) ERRATA In Vou. LIT. oF THE BOTANICAL MAGAZINE Prats 7548 should be 7549 7549 4 7548 7570 7571 7571 as 7570 ed opposite their respective Letterpress. 9? 9 3 And should be plac 0° A. B. FREEMAN-MITFORD, ESQ., C.B., F.L.S. Late Secretary H.M. Office of Works, &c. My pear Mirtrorp, Duty and pleasure alike prompt me to offer you the dedication of Vol. CXXIII. of the Boranican Macazinz, giving me, as it does, the opportunity of recalling the years of our cordial official co-operation, when the Royal Gardens profited so greatly in every department through your energy, foresight, and love of plants. To this claim I must surely add the service you have rendered to horticulture and botany by your labours in introducing, cultivating, and studying the hardy Bamboos, of which your charming work, “The Bamboo Garden,” is the first-fruits. Nor can I omit an allusion to your own garden, unrivalled as it is amongst the private collections of hardy plants in Europe for extent, scientific interest, and beauty. Believe me, my dear Mitford, Affectionately yours, J. D. HOOKER. Tur Camp, SUNNINGDALE. Dee. 1st, 1897. | Chie: Series, No. m7 is oom PRISIN @ THE PLANTS oF THE ROYAL GARDENS OF KEW, ND or OrER BOTANICAL ESTABLISHMENTS: IN G Late Birecior of the aval Boxani Garens of Bem, ‘ an | iT at | Sma Now veady, price 2s. 6d. INSULAR FLORAS. R, C.B., before the British Association A Lecture delivered by Sie J. D. HOOKE : Nottingham, August 27, 1866. for the advancement of Science at BRITISH FERNS: ~ Goloured Figures and Descriptions of the Ferns of Great Britain aad Ireland.) .: a By Bir W. J. Hooker, F.R.S. Royal 8vo. 66 Coloured Plates, £2 2s. Sta GARDEN FERNS: “Coloured Figures and Descriptions of a Selection of Exotic Ferns, adapted for Cultivation in the Garden, Hothouse, and Conservatory. ie | By si W. J. Hooxer, F.R.8. Royal 8vo. 64, Coloured Plates, £2 Qs, FILICES EXOTICA: Coloured Figures and Descriptions of Exotic Ferns. ‘By Sir W. J. Hooker, FR. S. Royal 4to. 100 Coloured Bala, £6 Ils, 2 geo Nous ready, Second: Edition pay H ANDBOOK OF BRITISH MOSSES, iy ear Containing all that are known to be natives. of the British Isles. : : » the Bi M. ES BERKELEY, ™M. A, F LS. ee Colauted Plates, Als. ee w 7 ready. couplete in 1 val. royal Sto, maatione a cloth case, £6 6s, net; in half mOroceay ae moe neb, . oir ‘Finches in Captivity. : By ARTHUR G. BUTLER, ‘Ph. D., Fr. 1. 8, x. 28; FEB “the meee ine ® large ~ handsome volume of between 300-and 400 é Sine beaabifelly coloured by hand oem with. 60 Pistes, Ae A Describtion of the Posarine Plants and herne indiana eS 100F Naturaliged in the British Isles. “Br. GEORGE BENTHAM, ¥. RS. 2 ~ TLLUSTRATIONS | . THE ‘BRITISH Tua ts Series of Wood Ba Sia ‘with Dissections, as British P. 1s ard 1 Ean, wih 1315 Wood Beri, i pe = M.S.del, JN Fitch lith sondon, T L Reeve & C?] Tas. 7512. ARISTOLOCHIA crypgata. Native of New Grenada. Nat. Ord. ARISTOLOCHIACER. Genus AristoLocuta, Linn.; (Benth. & Hook. f..Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 123.) AnrisToLocHia (Gymnolobus) c/ypeata ; caule crasso, cortice profunde 6-suleato, foliis longe petiolatis orbiculari-ovatis cuspidatis basi truncatis v. leviter cordatis palmatim 5-nerviis, floribus racemis brevissimis caulinis dispo- sitis uno solam sapissime evoluto, perianthii utriculo clavato gibboso multicostato intus glaberrimo, ore annulo processuum intus spectantium instructo, collo refracto intus laxe piloso in laminam amplam orbicularem concavam antice bifidam maculis substellee-formibus rubro-purpureis dense aspersam ampliato, lamin ore postice fascia lata villorum instructo, columna oblonga sessili cylindracea, antheris 6 lineari-oblongis approxi- matis, styli lobis 6 inequilongis lineari-elongatis erectis antheras . superantibus, marginibus stigmatosis crassis basi confluentibus. A. clypeata, André in Illustr. Hortic. vol, xvii. (1870) p. 223, t. 40. Gard. Chron. (1892) vol. i. p. 448. Gartenfl. (1893) p. 566, fig. 117. Watson in Gard. & Forest, vol. viii. (1895) p. 444. A. clypeaia is another of the ever-increasing host of tropical American Aristolochias. Its nearest ally is A. Duchartrei, André (tab. 5889) a native of the Upper Amazons, a much smaller-flowered species, with terete branches, many-flowered racemes, and _ broad, short, triangular stigmatic lobes. In the size of the flower it approaches -A. gigantea, Mart. (Tab. 4221) and A. Gigas, Lindl., species with long-tailed perianths. _ It was discovered in the botanically rich, but notoriously unhealthy Cauca Province of New Grenada, by the in-- defatigable botanical collector, Mr. E. G. Wallis, and introduced by him into Mr. Linden’s establishment in _ 1868, where it flowered in 1869. In 1892 plants of it were obtained from Messrs. F. Sander & Co., of St. Alban’s, for the Royal Gardens, Kew, which flowered in a stove in October, 1895. The flower-buds are developed very numerously from the old stems, but fall off in fog weather, one only usually developing. It has been distributed in England as A. gigantea. Descr.—A tall climber, with a woody stem, covered with — January Ist, 1897. a thick grey layer of cork, that is deeply cleft into about six ribs that are triangular in section. Leaves three or four inches broad, long-petioled, broadly deltoidly or orbicularly ovate, or ovate-cordate, acuminate, palmately 5-nerved from the base, bright green above, pale blue- green beneath, and there strongly reticulate between the main-nerves; petiole two to three inches long, terete. Racemes an inch long, from the axils of cauline leaves, or from close beneath the scars left by the fallen leaves, short, horizontal, green, with usually only one perfect flower, and several arrested buds; bracts an eighth of an inch long, lanceolate, green. lowers pendulous; peduncle with ovary nearly three inches long. Ultricle of perianth three inches long, clavate, gibbous, about ten-ribbed, glabrous and smooth within, except at the constricted mouth, which has a fringe of minute processes pointing downwards ; tube of perianth short, infundibular, dark purple and hairy within, rapidly dilating into a concave, nearly circular limb six to ten inches in diameter, bifid anteriorly to nearly half way down, with a narrow sinus, many-nerved and coarsely reticulate externally, internally quite smooth, pale yellowish, closely studded with dark red-purple, irregularly shaped spots; mouth with an anticous semi- circular belt of white, fleshy filaments. Column sessile; anthers six, linear, close together; stigma six-cleft, the lobes unequal, narrow, erect, with much thickened stigmatose margins that are confluent below.—J. D. H. _Fig. 1, Vertical section of the utricle and perianth-tube, of the natural size; 2, column, enlarged, Vincent Brooks, Day & Son linp N Fitch hth. J. el L Reeve & C°London Tas. 7513. CYNOGLOSSUM nervosom. Native of the Western Himalaya. Nat. Ord. Boracinrm—Tyvibe Boracez, Genus Cynociossum, Linn. ; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 848.) Crnoctossum nervosum; elatum, ramosum, strigilloso-hirsutulum, foliis radicalibus et inferioribus elongatis petiolatis anguste oblanceolatis subacutis utrinque hirsutulis, nervis subtus validis, superioribus oblongis lanceolatisve sessilibus acuminatis, racemis demum elongatis 3-6-polli- caribus laxifloris, pedicellis calycem floriferum subsequantibus fructiferis longioribus, calycis segmentis oblongis obtusis corolla tubum subcampa- nulatum equantibus vy. paullo brevioribus, corolle# limbo fere }-poll. lato intense coeruleo, lobis oblongo-rotundatis, faucis squamis emarginatis purpureis basi setulosis, antheris inclusis, nuculis late ovatis marginatis glochidiatis. C. nervosum, Benth. ex Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vol. iv. p. 158. The largest flowered Himalayan Cynoglossum, and a very handsome plant, native of the temperate and sub- alpine regions between Kulu and Kumaon, at elevations of 10,000 to 13,000 ft. It was first found by Edgeworth, in the Jalauri Pass in Kulu, and has been in cultivation in England for some time, as there are specimens in the Kew Herbarium from Mr. Wilson’s garden at Weybridge, dated 1888, Mr. Duthie has collected it at Kumaon and Garwhal, and Dr. Watt at Pangiin Kumaon. The Kew plant from which the accompanying drawing was made, was raised from seed received from Mr. Duthie in 1894; it flowered in the open ground of the Royal Gardens in May, 1896, and fruited in the following June. Deser.—A tall, erect, branching herb, attaining three feet in height, more or less shortly strigillosely pubescent all over, the hairs being more or less spreading on the stem, and appressed on the foliage ; those of the upper surface of the larger leaves arise from small tubercles. Radical and lower leaves six to ten inches long, narrowly oblanceolate, acute, narrowed into a petiole two or three inches long, upper surface pale green, lower paler, with six or more pairs of strong scabrid nerves that form a very acute angle January Ist, 1897, with the midrib, and after running parallel to the margins in their upper parts, anastomose with the nerves above them. Racemes many, axillary and terminal, three to six inches long, loosely many-flowered; pedicels as long as or longer than the calyx, erect in flower, decurved in fruit. Calyz about one-sixth of an inch long; lobes oblong, obtuse, dull purplish. Covolla-tube rather longer than the calyx, campanulate ; limb nearly half an inch across, very deep cobalt blue; lobes broadly oblong, almost rounded; scales in the throat short, two-lobed, thin, pale purplish blue, tips exserted, their margins below ciliate. Stamens in- cluded, connective of anther emarginate. Ovary of four globose lobes; style stout, one-third of an inch long, base narrowly pyramidal. Nutlets of fruit broadly ovate, obtuse, suberect, margins thickened and surface glochidiate.—J. D. H. Fig. 1, Calyx; 2, corolla laid o ig. pen; 3, anther; 4, scale of mouth of corolla ; 5, pistil ; 6, fruit :-—A// enlarged, Vincent Brooks Day & Son inp L Reeve & C° London . Tas, 7514. BERKHEYA Aptamt. Native of the Transvaal. Nat. Ord. Comrosita.—Tribe ARCTOTIDE &, Genus Berxueya, Hhrh.; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 460.) BrrxuHeys Adlami; caule elato alato, alis angustis. undulatis-spinulosis, foliis inferioribus subsessilibus sesquipedalibus obovato-oblongis obtusis sinuato-lobatis supra scabridis late viridibus brunneo maculatis subtus lana appressa niveis, nervis utrinque 20-30 setosis reticulatis, foliis superiori- bus linearibus pinnatifido-lobatis, lobis rotundatis setoso-spinulosis sinubus recurvis, capitulis subcorymbosis 3} poll. diam. aureis, involucri bracteis lanceolatis patenti-recuryis marginibus apiceque spinuloso- ciliatis, receptaculo profunde alveolato, fl. radii sub-biseriatis linearibus 3-denticulatis sterilibus, fl. disci numerosissimis, corolle tubo angusto puberulo, antheris basi sagittatis, stigmatis ramis linearibus revolutis, acheniis cuneiformibus, pappi squamis brevibus oblongis ciliatis. B. Adlami, Hook.f. — This is by far the largest species of Berkheya of which I have any knowledge. The genus contains about thirty species, natives of tropical and chiefly southern Africa. They vary in size from small plants about the size of a Daisy, to the tall and stout species here repre- sented, from glabrous to cottony, and from unarmed to spinulose. The flowers of both disk and ray are yellow in all. Berkheya belongs to the tribe of Arctotidee of Composite, which is almost exclusively South and tropical African, and is the representative of the Thistles (especially the Carlinas) of Europe and North Africa. The best known representative of the tribe in gardens is Arctotis ; but three species of Berkheya are figured in the early volumes of this magazine, when the culture of Cape plants ‘was in vogue. These are B. (Stobxa) pinnata, Less. t. 1788; B. grandiflora, Willd., t. 1844, and B. uniflora, Willd, t. 2094, B. Adlami was raised from seeds sent to the Royal Gardens, Kew, in 1895, by R. W. Adlam, Esq., of Johan- nesberg, plants raised from which flowered, some in a greenhouse, and others in the open air in June, 1896. As stated under t. 2094, the genus was named by JaNvuaRyY Ist, 1897, Ehrhart in recognition of Johann Francq Van Berkhey, the learned author of a treatise on the structure of the flowers of ‘‘ Composite Plants,” published in 1760. Deser.—Stem attaining six feet in height, simple or sparingly branched, herbaceous, narrowly spinulosely winged by the decurrent leaf-bases. adical leaves very large, eighteen inches long by seven broad, obovate-oblong, tip rounded, sinuate-lobed, margins undulate and spinu- losely toothed, base narrowed into a winged petiole, scabrid and green above, beneath snow-white with appressed — cottony pubescence; upper leaves three to six inches long, linear or oblanceolate, sinuate-pinnatifid, spinulosely toothed, margins of sinus often recurved, above dark green and scabrid, with brown blotches and spots beneath, as are the cauline. Heads subcorymbose, three and a half inches in diameter; peduncles suberect, terete, green, scabrid. Jnvolucre broadly campanulate; bracts half as long as the ray-flowers, squarrosely spreading, lanceolate, yreen, tips red-brown and spinescent, margins ciliate. Receptacle flat. Ray-flowers very many, an inch long, primrose-yellow, spreading and recurved, neuter, tube slender, quite glabrous, tip of ligule 3-crenulate. Disk flowers excessively numerous, forming a convex golden- yellow mass, nearly two inches in diameter ; corolla tubular, 5-cleft. Achenes short, obconic, ten-ribbed, top thickened ; pappus of oblong ciliate or serrulate scales shorter than the achene.—J. D. H. Fig. 1, Portion of the receptacle with a ray-flower, and two achenos sunk in the alveoli; 2, disk-flowers; 3 scale of pappus; 4, stamens; 5, style-arms; 6, achene :— All enlarged. : : cago Vincent Brooks Day &S M:S.del JN Fitch ith L Reeve & C° London. Tas. 7515, CROTON ELUTERIA. Native of the Bahama Islds. Nat. Ord. Eurnorsracex.—Tribe Croronez. Genus Croton, Linn. ; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p- 293.) Croton (Eluteria) Hluteria; frutex v. arbuscula lepidota, ramis gracilibus, foliis longiuscule petiolatis ovato-cordatis obtuse acuminatis utrinque subtus precipue argenteo-lepidotis penninerviis marginibus subcrenatis, petiolo gracili eglanduloso, stipulis obsoletis : ff. masc. calycis laciniis 5 patulis ovato-oblongis obtusis, petalis calyce duplo longioribus sub- spathulatis obtusis utrinque pubescentibus, staminibus 10-12 petalis longioribus, fl. foem.: calycis tubo hemispherico, lobis 5 late ovatis obtusis erectis ciliolatis, petalis maris, disci glandulis 10 minutis, staminodiis paucis, ovario globoso glanduloso, stigmatibus 3 sessilibus multifidis. : C. Eluteria, Benn. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. vol. iv. (1860) p. 29. Daniell in Journ. Pharm. Soc. Ser, 2, vol. iv. p. 145, cwm Ie. Miill. Arg. in DO. Prodr. vol. xv. pars. IT. p. 516. Bentl. & Trim. Med. Pl. t. 238. Griseb. Fil. Brit. W. Ind. p. 39 (partim). C. homolepidus, Muell. Arg. l. ce. 518. P C. cascarilloides, Griseb. Cat. Pl. Cub. 17 (Herb. Wright. n. 1971)? (non Geisel.). Clutia Eluteria, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 1042 (excl, Syn.). C. Eluteria s. Cascarilla, Woodv. Med. Bot. p. 633, t. 228, fig. 2. Elutheria, Linn. Hort. Cliff. p. 486. Elutheria Providentiz, folio cordato, &c., Petiv. Coll. (1747) 4, n. 276. This interesting plant, the ‘‘Sweet-wood” of the Bahamas, yields the ‘Cascarilla Bark” of commerce, which has been from a very early period imported into Europe from Nassau, New Providence; though it was not till comparatively recently (1860) that it was distin- guished from several congeners with which it had been confounded. It seems to have been in cultivation in Europe upwards of a century and a half ago, for it is enumerated by Linnzus in his ‘Hortus Cliffortianus,” published in 1787, and according to Dr. Daniell it was introduced into England (probably from Holland) by Phillip Miller, though I do not find any mention of it in that author’s “ Dictionary of Gardening.” Its identification as the Linnean Hlutheria Providentie by the late Mr. JANUARY Ist, 1897, Bennett, of the British Museum, is due to the specimen of the Hortus Cliffortianus being in that institution. CO. Eluteria is a native of all, or almost all, the islets of the Bahamas Archipelago ; and probably also of Cuba, for the Croton homolepidus of the latter island is hardly, if at all, distinguishable from it (by dried specimens), The bark is exported in the form of quills, and having an agreeable aromatic odour when burned, is an ingredient in the. manufacture of incense and pastilles, and is also used to flavour tobaccos. Its taste, on the other hand, is warm and nauseously bitter, which is against its employ- ment as a drug, for which it is recommended in cases of chronic diarrhoea, dysentery, and some forms of dyspepsia. The annual export of the bark, which has been during the last twenty years, on an average, 100,000 lbs., is now decreasing, and this has led the Governor of the island, Sir W. F. Haynes Smith, K.C.M.G., in a dispatch dated May 6th, 1896, to address a request to the Secretary of State for the Colonies, “that the authorities of Kew would assist him in framing regulations for the gatherin the ‘Cascarilla Bark’ on the Crown lands of the Colony.” In this dispatch Sir W. Haynes Smith points out “ that the sources of supply have been improperly drawn upon, to the destruction of the plant and the quality of the bark,” and that the latter ‘might be improved, and its use in commerce largely increased. He adds, that ‘‘ the best quality is gathered at Atwood’s Cay, containing about 6500 acres, which is altogether Crown property, where licenses to gather have hitherto been granted, but where there are no regulations on the subject of gathering, or revenues derived from it, while the supply is de- teriorating.”’ : In accordance with this request, in the following June, Dr. Morris, the Assistant Director of Kew, who had visited the Bahamas, drew up a Report, indicating the proper measures to be taken for increasing both the quantity and quality of the bark in future, and other matters for consideration in connection with the subject. It is only of late years, and after a prolonged corre- spondence, that living plants of this Croton have been re- introduced into Europe. This was in May, 1887, when a case containing three was received at the Royal Gardens Satay from F. E. Taylor, Esq., son of the Colonial Secretary of the Bahamas. ‘The plants grew very slowly, and did not flower till 1896, when male flowers matured in March, and were followed by females in May. The plant has proved to be very difficult of propagation. The name is that of one of the Bahama Islets (Hleuthera). Mr. Morris describes the odour of the flowers as deliciously sweet. Descr.—A shrub, rarely small tree, attaining twenty feet in height, with a trunk eight inches in diameter ; branches few, suberect, wiry ; bark fissured ; twigs, petioles, leaves beneath, and inflorescence densely covered with minute peltate, orbicular, lepidote scales with fimbriate — margins. Leaves one and a half to two inches long, de- flexed, alternate, petioled, stipulate, ovate-lanceolate, narrowed to the obtuse apex, subdenticulate, penninerved, base rounded or cordate, upper surface dull pale or dark green, under surface dull silvery, the scales obscuring the nerves. lowers moncecious, in erect, short, simple or branched axillary and terminal racemes, very small, globose ; bracts shorter than the pedicels.—Male fl. calyx hemispheric, lobes broadly ovate, obtuse. Petals very small, longer than the calyx-lobes, obovate-spathulate, obtuse, pubescent, white. Stamens 10-15, filaments glabrous, anthers oblong. Pistillodes 0.—Fem. jl. at the base of the inflorescence. Petals hardly longer than the calyx-lobes. Stamens few, very short, imperfect. Ovary subelobose, styles multifid. Capsule about a quarter of an inch in diameter, subglobose ; valves crustaceous, silvery- lepidote. Seeds orange-brown, shining, dorsally flattened, laterally compressed, raphe keeled.—J. D. H. Fig. 1, Male flower ; 2, the same spread open ; 3, lepidote scales from do.; . 4, petal; 5, stamen; 6, female flower; 7, ovary and staminodes of the same; 8, ovary bisected vertically, showing the ovules :—A// enlarged. 75 16. Vincent Brocks,Day & Son Imp .JN.Fitchilith. M-S. del L Reeve & (1° London. TAB. 2010. BIGNONTA pBucornatoria. Native of Central Mewico, Nat. Ord. Bignonracrka#.—Tribe BIGNONIEA. Genus Bienonta, Linn, ; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 1033.) Bienonta buccinatoria; alte scandens, ramis teretibus v. subangulatis, foliis 2-foliolatis, petiolo apice nudo vy. cirrhifero, foliolis petiolulatis ovato- oblongis ellipticisve obtusis v. cuspidatis basi cuneatis rotundatis cordatisve pellucido-punctatis glabris v. subtus secus nervos_pilosis, petiolulis 4-} poll. longis, racemis axillaribus terminalibusque rachi pedicellis crassis calyceque subfurfuraceo-tomentosis, floribus pendulis, calyce poculeforme ore truncato 5-dentato basi rotundato, coroll 4-pollicaris tomentellz tubo brevi flavido in faucem bucciniformem sanguineam lente curvam sensim attenuato, lobis 5 amplis rotundatis bifidis, filamentis glabris, antheris vix exsertis loculis e basi divaricatis linearibus incurvis, connectivo dorso mucronato, disco crasso, ovario pubescente. B. buccinatoria, Mairet, ex DC. Prodr. vol. ix. p. 195. Helms. Biol. Centr. Amer. Bot. vol. ii. p. 490. B. Cherere, Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1801, excl. Syn. (non B. Kerere Aublet.) B. Kerere, Hort. Pithecoctenium buccinatorium, DC. l.c. D’Ancona, in Bull. Soc. Tose. Ort. vol. xiii. (1888) p. 272, t. xi. Pheedranthus buccinatorius, cinerascens, exsertus & Lindleyanus, Miers. in Proc. R. Hort. Soc, vol. iii. (1863) p. 182, 183. B. buecinatoria was introduced into the Gardens of Drop- more upwards of sixty years ago, by the Earl of Granville, by whom specimens were forwarded to Dr. Lindley, who figured it in the Botanical Register as B. Cherere, supposing it to be the B. Kerere, Aubl., of Surinam, a species with much smaller and yellow flowers. It is a native of - elevations of 6000-8000 ft. in Central Mexico, and must have been discovered in the last century, for there is a specimen from Payon in Bentham’s Herbarium now at Kew. In later years it has been collected by various botanists in the same country, and by one, Bilimek, at Puebla in South Mexico. There are several South American species of Begonia closely allied to B. buccinatoria, including the above Januaky Ist, 1897. mentioned B. Kerere of Aubl.; but the whole genus is in a state of confusion, many of tbe species in herbaria being undescribed ; and few of these being known in a fruiting state, the important characters of the capsule and seeds are unascertained. The specimen of B. buccinatoria here figured was sent by Thomas Hanbury, Esq., F.L.8., from his magnificent botanical garden at Palazzo Orengo, La Mortola, near Ventimiglia, in July. The flowers are of a far deeper blood-red colour than they are represented to be in the other figure of the plant. Descr.—A_ tall, woody climber, with more or less obtusely angled branches. Leaves bifoliolate, petiole usually ending in a branched tendril; leaflets two to three inches long, elliptic or ovate-oblong, cuspidate or obtuse, thinly coriaceous, dotted with pellucid glands, glabrous above and beneath, or with scattered hairs on the nerves beneath, base rounded cuneate or subcordate; petiole short, petiolule one-fourth to three-fourths of an inch long, ~ terete, and rachis of raceme scurfily tomentose; nerves about six pairs, arching; a pair of very small elliptic leaflets is often present at the very base of the petiole, — and on the joints of the rachis of the raceme. flowers pendulous in terminal racemes; rachis of raceme erect, stout, thickened and sometimes leafing at the nodes, few- flowered; pedicels one half to three-quarters of an inch long, decurved, stout, green. Calyx half an inch long, and nearly as broad, green, cup-shaped, terete; mouth truncate, irregularly 5-toothed; base rounded. Corolla four inches long, finely tomentose, with a short pale yellow tube, gradually dilating into the long dark blood- red clavate or trumpet-shaped throat and lobes, slightly curved ; lobes half an inch long and broad, bifid, spreading. Filaments slender ; anthers hardly exserted, of two narrow sausage-shaped divaricate cells, the very small connective produced into a short dorsal spur. Disk annular, thick, raised. Ovary ovoid, tomentose ; style slender, puberulous ; lobes of stigma narrowly ellipsoid. J. D. H. Fig. 1, Calyx halved, showing the disk and ovary; 2 and 3, anthers:—A/I enlarged, os oe | BRITISH, : COLONIAL, “AND “FOREIGN “FLORAS. _ RANDBOOK of the BRITISH. FLORA ; a Description of the Os wering Plants and Ferns indigenous: to, or naturalized in the British Tain For ‘the. use of Beginners and” Amateurs. By Groner Bentaam, ¥F. RS. 6th Edition, revised by Sir J.D. Hooker. Crown Syo, 10s. 6d. 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Fo reign Finches in ‘Captivity. : By ARTHUR G. ‘BUTLER, ‘Ph.D., FLS., ¥.Z.8;, FES. ‘The whale forms a ances < bandsome volume of between 300 and 400 ith Wy W. FROWHAWK, beantifully oaioareh by hand. pages, with 60 Plates, by "HANDBOOK OF THE BRITISH FLORA: A Description of the Flowering Plants and Ferns Indigenous to or Naturalized in the British Isles. By GEORGE BENTHAM, FERS. ‘ 6th Edition, Revised by Sir J. D. Hoozun,C.B, K.C.S8.1,, F.RS, &e, ae: = ILLUSTRATIONS OF THE BRITISH FLORA: : : z Series of Wood Engravings, with Dissections, of British Plan : 3 _ Drawn sy W. H. FITCH, F.LS., 4xp W. G. ‘SMIT. . “Forming an mer Companion to Bentham’s “g Handbook,” and oti _Srd nc, with 1315. Wood En nr aie Vincent Broaks Day, LJ-N Fitch hith M.S.del Tabs 7617: MYRMECODIA Anvornit. Native of Torres Straits. Nat. Ord. Rusracez.—Tribe PsycHoTRIER. Genus Myrmecopia, Jack.; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vot. u. p. 132.) Myrmecopia Anfoinii; tubere subgloboso ecostato sublacunoso spinulis brevibus simplicibus pungentibus aspero, caule robusto simplici v. ramoso tetragono regulariter clypeolato, clypeolis 4 poll. diam. seriebus 4 superpositis imbricatis orbiculatis bidentatis ambitu dense pectinatim © spinulosis, foliis elliptico-ovatis oblongis v. obovatis acutis in petiolum lamina ter quaterve breviorem angustato, floribus 4 poll. longis rimis inter- cly peolaribus sessilibus albis, calycis tubo tereti, limbo truncato obscure 4-dentato, corolle tubo calyce ter longiore intus 4-costato et infra medium annulo pilorum instructo, lobis 4 oblongis, staminibus ore corolla insertis, filamentis brevibus crassis, antheris ovatis, stylo gracili, stigmate infundibulari truncato crenulato. M." Antoinii, Beecari, Malesia, vol. ii. p. 116, t. xix. figs. 2-4, M. echinata, Antoine in Bot. Zeitschr. vol. xxxii. (1882) p. 347, cum Te. F. Muell. Fragment. Fl. Austral. vol. vii. p. 45; Syst. Census of Austrat. Pl. vol. i. p. 75? non Gaud. Under M. Beccarii, figured at t. 68838 of this work, mention is made of two other species, natives of Torres Straits, one of which is the subject of the accompanying plate. It is a much more remarkable plant than M. Beccarii, on account of the size of the tuber, the stoutness of the stem, and the linear arrangement in four ranks of the very remarkable scutelliform spinulose persistent stipular organs, which almost conceal the stem. It was at first described as M. echinata, Gaudichaud, of the Islands of Rawak and Wagiou; but that species has ribbed tubers, and Jarger leaves with much longer petioles. The first specimen of this singular plant imported into Europe was obtained from Thursday Island, Torres Straits, by Dr. Moskovicz of Batavia, who gave it to the late Ferd. Ritter von Hochstetter. The latter gentleman sent it to Vienna, where it was described by Antoine as cited above. The magnificent specimen here figured was pre- Fesrvary Ist, 1897. sented in 1893 to the Royal Gardens, Kew, by Prof. Stewart, F.RB.S. (late President of the Linnzan Society), Conservator of the Museum, and Hunterian Professor of the Royal College of Surgeons. It flowered in a stove in January, 1896, and ripened its seeds in the following spring. Descr.— Tuber (of the Kew plant) nineteen and a half inches in circumference, of a dull iron grey colour, and with a shallowly lacunose surface, loosely covered with small acicular spines rising from scattered tubercles. Stem eight and a half inches long by four and a quarter in circumference, inclined and flexuous, deeply four grooved, the ribs between the grooves closely covered with a series of imbricating orbicular woody shields (indurated stipules) which are half an inch in diameter, depressed in the middle and bifid at the top with diverging short lobes, and studded with short spinules round their margins. Leaves at the top of the stem, four to five inches long, elliptic-ovate oblong or obovate, acute, bright green on both surfaces, narrowed at the base into a stout, terete petiole; nerves four to six pairs, arched. Flowers half an inch long, white, sessile, inserted on the ribs below the stipular shields, which conceal the calyx and lower part of the corolla-tube. Calyx broadly oblong, terete, truncate ; limb very short, obscurely 4-toothed. Corolla clavate, -four-lobed in the upper fourth; tube terete, four-ribbed within, and with a ring of hairs below the middle; lobes oblong, tips obtuse, thickened, incurved. Stamens inserted below the meeting of the lobes ; filaments short, stout, in- cluded ; anthers broadly ovate, exserted. Disk tumid. Ovary four-celled. Style stout, dilated into an infundibular truncate stigma.— J. D. H. ; Fig. 1, Portion of upper leafing stem and leaves; and 2 of lower flowering, both of the natural size; 3, stipular shields; 4, flower; 5, corolla laid open; 6, ovary, style and stigma:—All enlarged; 7, seedling of the natural size; 8, view of whole plant greatly reduced, ce S : S Tas. 7518, MAXILLARIA SANDERIANA. Native of Ecuador. Nat. Ord. Orcutprz.—Tribe VanpEs. Genus Maxitiaria, Ruiz & Pav. ; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 555.) Maxiutarta (Acaules) Sanderiana; psendobulbis brevibus fere orbicularibus compressis, vaginis lanceolatis acuminatis rigidis brunneis caducis, foliis oblanceolatis cuspidatis in petiolum validam angustatis coriaceis supra saturate viridibus subtus pallidis, costa valida, nervis paucis obscuris, scapo robusto rubro-purpureo vaginis oblongis obtusis brunneis fere velato, flore maximo, sepalis petalisque albis basin versus sanguineo- purpureis, sepalo dorsali 2-21-pollicari oblongo obtuso, lateralibus triangulari-ovatis obtusis basi in mentum latum rotundatum conniventibus, petalis sepalis multoties minoribus late ovatis acuminatis, labelli tubo atro-sanguineo intus a fates. clavato applanato instructo, lobis lateralibus parvis, terminali rotundato flavo marginibus crispatis, columna alba sanguineo-purpureo maculata, anthera aurea. M. Sanderiana, Reichb. f. in Sander, Reichendachia, vol. i. (1888) ze. 57, t. 25. Journ. Hortic. Ser, IIL. vol, 26, t. 495, tig. 89. Rev. Hortic. (1894) p. 326, cum Ie. Warner, Orchid Album, vol. x. t. 463. This, which is rightly regarded by M. André as the finest known species of the genus, was discovered by Mr. Edward Klaboch in the Andes of Peru, according to whom it inhabited an elevation of 4000 ft.; but according to M. André, it is more probably a native of Ecuador; and having regard to the fact that it flourishes in a cool Orchid House, it may be expected to inhabit a much higher elevation than that assigned to it. The nearest ally of M. Sanderiana is M. grandiflora, Lindl., which has much narrower sessile leaves, a more slender green scape with green bracts, and a pure white flower, except the lip, which is streaked with purple. M. venusta, Lindl. (Tab. 5296) is another allied species, remarkable for the long, narrow, pure white, acuminate sepals and petals, the lip of which has a purple spot on each side of the tube, and a yellow midrib. M. Sanderiana was first flowered by Baron Schroder (in 1885). The specimen here figured is from the cool Fesruary Ist, 1897. Orchid House of the Royal Gardens, Kew, where it flowers annually. Descr.—Pseudobulbs clustered, sessile on a very short, rarely elongated rootstock, one to one and a half inches long, from orbicular to broadly oblong, rounded at top and base, compressed, smooth, pale green ; sheaths few, up to three inches long, lanceolate, acuminate, striate, dark brown, rigid, caducous. Leaves few, six to ten inches long, oblanceolate, cuspidate, narrowed into a_ stout petiole, coriaceous, dark green, smooth and _ shining above, pale beneath with araised green midrib, and three or more pairs of very faint nerves. Scapes two to three inches long, ascending from the base of the pseudobulb, very stout, red-brown, clothed with oblong obtuse brown sheaths, of which the median are an inch long, the lower shorter, and the uppermost longer. Flowers four inches broad across the lateral sepals, which and the petals are pure white, except towards the base, where they are of a purplish-red colour, broken upwards into blotches. Dorsal sepal oblong, obtuse, concave, arched ; lateral triangular- ovate, obtuse, conniving at the base into a broad rounded — mentum. Petals much smaller than the sepals, broader below, and narrowed into acute triangular tips. Lip with a very dark purple tube, on the disk of which within is a flattened club-shaped adnate smooth appendage; lateral lobes hardly any; terminal rounded, bright yellow, with a crisped border, which is faintly streaked with purple. Column white, spotted and streaked with red-purple. Anther orange-yellow.—J. D. H. Fig. 1, Base of lip with adnate appendage; 2, column; 3, pollinia :;—AJl enlarged. 75HAI s Day &San Imp i incent Brooks Vi Tas. 7519. LIGUSTRUM CORIACEUM. Native of Japan. Nat. Ord. OLrEacrzx.—Tribe OLEINES. Genus Licustrum, Tourn.; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 679.) LicgustruM coriaceum; frutex glaberrimus, subtortuosus, ramulis robustis, foliis confertis breviter petiolatis crasse coriaceis ovato-rotundatis orbi- cularibusve supra convexis saturate viridibus lucidis marginibus anguste rubro-purpureis, paniculis breviter pedunculatis, pedunculo rachi ramisque validis, floribus in capitula dense congestis brevissime pedicellatis sessili- busve, bracteolis minutis subulatis, calycis cupularis limbo truncato, coroll~ tubo lobis ovatis obtusis zquilongo, filamentis brevibus, antheris oblongo- rotundatis, baccis pisiformibus. Z L. coriaceum, Carriere in Rev. Hortic. (1874) p. 418, fig. 56, and (1888) p. 439, fig. 101. Fl. & Pomol. (1876) t. 65. Forbes & Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soe. vol. xxvi. (1889) p. 90. Dippel Handb. Laubholz vol. i, p. 130. L, lucidum, var.a coriaceum, Decne in Fl. des Serres, vol. xxii. (Ser. II. vol. xii.) (1877) p. 8. L. japonice forma difformis, Blume Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. vol. i. p. 313, in - nota. PL. coriaceum, Nois. Hortul. “ Species ignota,” DO. Prodr. vol. viii. p. 294. Iigustrum coriaceum is one of the most distinct-looking of the puzzling genus to which it belongs, and though reduced by Decaisne to a variety of L. lucidwim (t. 2565) it is so different in habit and foliage from that plant, that until connecting links between them are found, it may well be kept as specifically distinct. Blume with less reason regarded it as a deformed condition of L. japonicum, a species with spreading pedicels and obovoid berry. There are some doubts as to the native country of L. coriaceum. It was introduced into England about 1860, by Fortune, who, according to Standish (then the recipient of Fortune’s plant), sent it from Japan. Probably it was procured, like so many other plants sent home by Fortune, from a Japanese garden, for there are no indigenous speci- mens of it in the Kew Herbarium, except a mere scrap, collected by Oldham, and ticketed “ Japan, Korean Archi- pelago,”’ and it is not enumerated in Franchet and Savatier’s Ferrvary lst, 1897. enumeration of Japan plants, or in Miquel’s ‘‘ Prolusio Flore Japonice.” At Kew it was first obtained, in about 1879, from the Jardin des Plantes, amongst a collection of species of Ligustrum sent by M. Decaisne shortly after he enumerated those known to him, in the “Flore des Serres.” Though it stood out of doors at Kew for several years, it suffered from cold winters, and never throve. In Cornwall, however, it is quite hardy. The figure here given is of a specimen kindly sent in 1889 to the Royal Gardens by Mr. Rashleigh of Menabilly, which flowered in the Temperate House in June of the present year. Descr.—A rigid, closely branched, evergreen, rigid shrub, three to six feet high, perfectly glabrous; branches and branchlets stout, leafy. Leaves two to two and a half inches long, shortly, stoutly petioled, orbicular or orbi- cular-ovate, tip rounded, rigid, coriaceous, dark green, convex and shining above with a very narrow red-purple border, paler beneath, nerves very slender and faint. Panicle two to four inches long; peduncle, rachis and spreading branches stout. Flowers collected in globose, — terminal and lateral clusters or heads on the panicle, sessil or very obscurely pedicelled, white; bracteoles minute, subulate. Calyx cupular, limb truncate, obscurely toothed. Corolla one-quarter of an inch in diameter, tube about as long as the ovate spreading and recurved lobes. Siamens normally two, but three to four occur; filaments very short. Ovary globose, style stout, stigma 2-lobed. Berry globose, the size of a small pea, black.—J. D. A. Fig. 1, Flower and bracteoles; 2, bracteole, calyx and ovary; 3 and 4 stamens :—adl enlarged; 5, fruit of the natural size; 6, calyx and berry, and 7, seed, both enlarged. ‘sa TIO L. Reeve & ©? London. MS. del, JN. Fiteh bth T a5: 7520; PARACARYUM HELIOCARPUM. Native of the Western Himalaya. Nat: Ord. BoracinEx.—Tribe BoraGea. Genus Paracaryum, Boiss.; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 849.) ParacaryuMm heliocarpum; elatum, cano-pubescens, foliis radicalibus longe petiolatis elliptico-lanceolatis acutis triplinerviis, caulinis oblongis lanceolatisve sessilibus, foribus subpaniculatim cymosis, cymis elongatis gracilibus demum dissitifloris apicibus decurvis, pedicellis gracilibus, calycis lobis oblongis obtusis tubo corolle squilongis, corolle tubo brevi, limbi campanulati lobis brevibus orbiculatis oblatisve azureis, antheris linearibus, fornicibus, inclusis elongatis ciliolatis apice 3-lobis quent stamina altius insertis, stylo gracili elongato, nuculis orbiculatis orso depressis echinulatis marginibus incurvis pectinatim glochidiatis. P. heliocarpum, Kerner in Rev. Naturw. Vers. Innsbruck, vol, i. (1870) p. 105, (Nov. Pl. Sp. ii. p.9.) Clarke in Hook, f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vol. iv. p. 161. P. anchusoides, Benth. §& Hook. f. ex Aitchis, in Journ. Linn. Soc. vol. xviii. (1881) 80. Cynoglossum anchusoides, Lindl. in Bot. Reg. vol. xxviii. (1842) t.14. DC. Prodr, vol. x. p. 151. C. Emodi, Schouw Ind. Sem. Hafn Coll. (1846) 4. C. Emodun, Schouw. in Linnea xxiv. (1850) 160. C. macrostylum, Bunge Relig. Lehm. (1847) 236. Lindolfia anchusoides, Lehm. in Linnea, vol. xxiv. (1851) p. 216. Echinospermum, No. 1, Herb. Strachey & Winterbottom. The genus Paracaryum is distinguished from the typical species of Cynoglossum by the nutlets of the fruit being more erect on the gynobase, and their bases not being rounded or subacute, characters of scarcely appre- ciable value, and which may probably disappear on a revision of the genera of Boraginex, in which case the — _ original name of Cynoglossum anchusoides will be restored _ for this plant. __ P. heliocarpum was introduced into the Gardens of the Royal Horticultural Society by seed sent from the North- Western Himalaya in 1840, but had long since disappeared from cultivation. It ranges over a wide extent of mountain country, at elevations of 7000 to 11,000 ft., from Lahul and Kashmir northwards to Tibet, westward into Affghan- istan, and as far east as the Tibetan region north of Fepruaky lst, 1897. Kumaon, where it was collected by Strachey and Winter- bottom, at probably 15,000 ft. elevation. It reappears in Bokhara, having been found near Samarkand by the traveller, Lehmann. The specimen figured was raised from . seed sent in 1894 by Mr. Duthie, F..S., Director of the Botanical Department of Northern India. It flowered in the herbaceous grounds of the Royal Gardens in May of the present year, and is perfectly hardy. Descr.—A hardy perennial, one to three feet high, clothed with an appressed hoary or subsilvery pubescence. Stem stout below, slender and sparingly branched above, the branches bearing slender terminal at length elongate drooping cymes. Ladical leaves, eight to eighteen inches long, by one-third of an inch to three inches broad, elliptic lanceolate, acute, three to five-nerved, and penni- nerved ; cauline leaves few, linear. Cymes very slender, long-peduncled, many-fid., ebracteate; flowers remote, except towards the apex of the cymes, half an inch long, - nodding or drooping, slender pedicels half to three- quarters of an inch long. Sepals one-fourth of an inch long or less, oblong, obtuse, green, pubescent. Corolla rose-purple, with bright blue limb; tube as long as the calyx; limb longer, infundibular-campanulate, lobes short, orbicular, or broader than long. Stamens included, in- serted below the mouth of the tube, rather lower down than the scales, which are ciliate, 3-lobed at the tip. Style half an inch long. Nutlets orbicular, with a de- pressed echinate or tubercled disk and incurved pectinately glochidiate coriaceous margins.—J. D. H, Fig. 1, Calyx and style; part of corolla laid open; 3, scale of corolla; 4, very young nutlets; 5, ripe fruit :—AJ/ enlarged. N.S.del, JN-Fitadh ith. T L Reeve @ C° London. Tas. 7521. HEMIPILIA ameruystina. Native of Burma. Nat. Ord. OrncuipEa.—Tribe OPuRYDEX. Genus Hemrritia, Lindl. ; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 628.) HeEmIPILia amethystina; folio sessili terree appresso ovato-cordato sabacuto apice decurvo pallide flavo-viridi maculis pallide brunneis submarmorato, scapo gracili vaginis 2 linearibus instructo rachique racemi viridibus fusco-rubro punctulatis, racemo laxo multifloro, bracteis ovato-lanceolatis ovariis squilongis brevioribusve, sepalis ovato-oblongis obtusiusculis viridibus, petalis oblongis apicibus rotundatis amethystinis, labello obovato apice dilatato breviter 4-lobo marginibus undulatis albis, disco amethystino basin versus puberulo breviter bicarinato, calcare sepalis zequilongo corniformi obtuso compresso, columna, brevi, rostello porrecto trulleformi recurvo, staminodiis glandulaformibus, polliniis dorso infra medium alatis, : : H. amethystina, Rolfe in Herb. Kew. Only three species of Hemipilia have hitherto been recorded, H. cordifolia, Lindl., of the Western Himalaya, H. flabellata, Franch. and Sav., H. Henryi, Reichb. f., both of Western China, and H. calophylla, Parish and Reichb. f. (see Tab. 6920) a native of Moulmein. From the first of these H. amethystina differs in the shape of the lateral sepals and lip, and in the longer spur; and from H. calo- phylla in the broad, deeply cordate leaf, stouter scape, many-fid. raceme, and smaller flowers. Mr. Rolfe informs me that H. amethystina was intro- duced with Cypripedium Charlesworthii, from the Shan States of Eastern Burma, by Messrs. W. L. Lewis & Co., of Southgate, to whom the Royal Gardens, Kew, are indebted for the specimen here figured, which flowered in June of the present year in a stove. Descr.—Glabrous. Leaf four by two and a half inches, ovate, subacute, deeply cordate, horizontal, appressed to the ground, seven-nerved, pale yellow-green, blotched or almost marbled with pale brown irregular spots, tip de- curved. Scape with the raceme eight inches long, slender, dark green speckled and streaked with red-brown ; sheaths Fesrvuary Ist, 1897. two or three, linear-lanceolate, appressed to the scape, and coloured like it. Raceme many- and lax-flowered ; bracts ovate-lanceolate, as long as the ovaries or longer; ovaries half an inch long, erecto-patent. Flowers half an inch across the lateral sepals, and about as long from the base of the dorsal sepal to the tip of the lip. Lateral sepals ovate-oblong, obtuse, green, spreading; dorsal smaller, erect. Petals oblong, erect, white, tip obtuse, amethyst purple. Lip about half an inch long, cuneately-obovate from a broad base, side lobes obscure; terminal rather dilated, shortly 4-lobed, margins white, undulate; disk amethystine, puberulous towards the base, with two short obscure ridges; spur laterally flattened, white, obtuse, brown, about as long as the sepals. Column short, stout, with prominent sides ; rostellum prominent, trowel- shaped, upcurved, with deflexed sides; staminodes repre- sented by two sessile glands; anther suberect, with the cells incurved below. Pollinia pyriform, pedicel produced into a dorsal wing along the lower half; glands small.— J. U, i, : removed ; 2, side view of the same; 3 and 4, pollinia ;—AJ/ enlarged. ee : i . Fig. 1, Front view of flower, with the sepals, petals, and half the lip HANDBOO: < of the | RITISH FLO RA; a Pie see of the Plants and Ferns indigenous to, or. ‘pataralised in the British For the use of Beginners and Amateurs. By Grorck BENTHAM, _ .R.8. 6th Edition, revised by Sir J.D. Hooker. Crown 8yo, 10s. 6d. see USTRATION S of the BRITISH FLORA ; a Series of Wood _ Engravings, with Dissections, of British Plants, poke Drawings by W. H. Fircn, F.L,8., and W. G. 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BUTLER, Ph.D., F.LS., ¥.Z8., F.E.S8. The whole forms a large and handsome volume of between 300 and 400 pages, with 60 Plates, Pel F. W. FROWHAWE, beantifully coloured by hand, HANDBOOK OF THE BRITISH FLORA: — A Description of the Flowering Plants and Ferns Indigenous, : to or Naturalized in the British Isles. et By GEORGE BENTHAM, F.RS, 6th Edition, Revised by Sir J. D. Hooker, C.B., K.C.S.1,, F.K.S., &e. 10s. 6d. ILLUSTRATIONS OF THE BRITISH FLORA: A Series of Wood Engravings, with Dissections, of British | Plants. Drawn sy W. H. FITCH, F.L.S., axp W. G. SMITH, F. L. S. For ming an Illustrated Companion to Bentham’s “ Handbook,’ ” and hee 4th gras ¥ with 1315 Wood Karavi 10s. ab REEVE & CO., 6, HENRIETTA SrRuET, o 7522 Sera conocer amcbectis id naaommeuapanitons ; lis piace iJ t cetayon ha A sen) c oe eS eee Se < 5 Yincent Brooks Day & Son rip. MS.del, JN Fitdhiith L Reeve & C? Landon a Tap. 7022. WISTARIA CHINENSIS, var. MULTIJUGA. Introduced from Japan. Nat. Ord. Lecumtnosa.—Tribe GaLEGEA. Genus Wistaria, Nutt.; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 499.) Cee chinensis, DO. Prodr. vol. ii. p. 390. Bunge Enum. Pl. Chin. bor. p. 20. W. Consequana, Loud. Hort. Brit. p. 315. Part. Mag. Bot. vol. vii. p. 127. GuycinE sinensis, Sims Bot Mag. t. 2083. Bot. Reg. t. 650. : Var. multijuga, nob.; foliis longioribus, foliolis ad 8-10 jugis majoribus, racemis duplo longioribus laxifloris, floribus fere duplo minoribus, legumine 3-7-pollicari. = W. multijuga, Van Houtte Fl. des Serres, vol. xix. (1869-70) p. 126, t. 2002. W.? floribunda, DC. J. c. iis: W. chinensis, Sied. § Zucc. Fl. Japon. vol. i. p. 90, t. 44. GtycrneE floribunda, Willd. Sp. Pl. vol. iii. p. 1066. Do.tcuos polystachyos, Thunb. Fl. Jap. p. 281 (in part, excl. Syn. Linn). Too vulgo Fupsi, Kempf. Amen. Acad. fase. v. p. 856. There are two very different-looking plants known as Wistaria chinensis; one, that upon which De Candolle founded the species, is an undoubted native of China. The other doubtfully referred to the genus, was founded also by De Candolle on the badly * described Dolichos poly- stachyos, Thunb., as W, ? floribunda, which has _ hitherto been known only in Japan, as a cultivated plant reported to have been introduced from China. To this last is, I think, clearly referable the W. multijuga, Van Houtte, not only be- cause of its country, but because Thunberg describes it as having a very long raceme (racemis longissimis), a term which can hardly be applied to the raceme of W. chinensis proper, but which is singularly applicable to var. multijuga. Siebold and Zuccarini cite W, ? floribunda, as a synonym * In his diagnosis Thunberg says of the pedicels that they are geminate ; but in the description following that they are scattered opposite and alternate. Then as regards the legume, he describes it as either glabrous or pubescent, probably confounding the pod of W. japonica with that of chinensis. Marcu lst, 1897. of W. chinensis. Their figure is an admirable representation of the variety. The genus Wistaria, as ‘at present constituted, appears to me to want reconsideration, for I feel sure that had Bentham, when describing it, either seen fruits of W. chinensis, or the figure of that organ in Siebold & Zucca- rini’s Flora, he would not have retained it in the same genus with the American W. speciosa without remark, if at all. Wistaria was founded by Nuttall in 1818 on Glycine frutescens, Linn., a plant of which the pods are correctly described in the “‘ Genera Plantarum” as elongate, toru- lose, with hardly coriaceous convex valves, and reniform seeds. On the other hand, the pods of W. chinensis are of a totally different character, being oblanceolate, flattened, narrowed from the upper third or higher to the base, with rigid plane, thinly woody valves, densely velvety without and puberulous within; and the seeds are orbicular and flattened. On the other hand, there is what I regard as a true Wistaria of the . American type in Japan, namely, W. japonica, Sieb. & Zuce. (|. c. p. 88, t. 43), with cylindric glabrous torulose thin-valved pods, and small turgid seeds. This plant, however, A. Gray refers to the neighbouring genus Millettia (Mem. Amer. Acad. N. S. vol. vi. (1859) p. _ 886), and Bentham (Gen. Plant. 1. c.) regards it as inter- mediate between Wistaria and Millettia, the latter a badly circumscribed genus, to which W. chinensis may possibly prove referable. Should, however, it prove advisable to refer W. chinensis to a genus independent of both the American Wistaria and of Millettia, the choice of names for each may give rise. to controversy, for Rafinesque’s” Kraunhia frutescens in Med. Repos. N. York, vol. ¥. (1808) 852, is ten years earlier than Nuttall’s Wistaria. In this case I would suggest, as requiring the smallest change, the resumption of Krauwnhia for Nuttall’s plant, and adopting Wistaria, DC. non Nutt., for W. chinensis. W. chinensis true is apparently a common plant in N. China, whence it was brought to this country in about 1881 by a Captain Welbank, and first figured in this work. There are many indigenous specimens in the Kew Her- _ barium; from Bunge collected on mountains N. of Pekin; from rocks and ruins of the Summer Palace, and from — throughout the district of Ningpo from W. Hancock, Esq., F.L.S.; and from Ichang, Dr. Henry. There are also cultivated specimens from Hong Kong ; and from Nagasaki in Japan. Of var. multijuga there are Japanese specimens from Maximovicz (cult.), and Dr. Albrecht, and from Nagasaki, Oldham. The specimen here figured was from a plant obtained in 1874 from M. Van Houtte, which flowered in the Arboretum of the Royal Gardens in May, 1896. Deser.—A luxuriant, woody, branched climber, the branches attaining many yards in length; bark brown. Leaves eight to twelve inches long, young silkily hairy, old nearly glabrous ;_ petiole slender, swollen at the base, sub- terete; leaflets eightto ten pairs, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, membranous, pale green; stipules ovate-lanceolate; stipella subulate. Stacemes two feet long and more, pendulous; rachis slender, nearly glabrous, lax-flowered; pedicels about an inch long, slender; bracts obsolete. Flowers when ex- panded about an inch long from the tip of the standard to that of the keel. Calyx shortly campanulate, pubescent, green and purple, five-toothed, dorsal tooth subulate, rather longer than the triangular lateral, anterior teeth confluent in a very short two-toothed lip. Standard orbicular, one half to two-thirds of an inch in diam., very pale violet, yellow towards the notched base, where there is a bifid tubercle. Wing-petals about a third shorter than the standard, obovate-oblong, violet-blue, tip rounded, base excised with a cusp, claw slender. Keel-petals shorter than the wings, obovate, almost hatchet-shaped, violet-blue, base narrow rounded. So mn MS. del. J-NFitch lth ae Vincertt Brooks Day & Son tnap 1, Reeve & C? London. Tas. 7524, GREVILLEA HILLIANA. Native of Hastern Australia. Nat. Ord. Protgeacem.—Tribe GREVILLIEA. Genus Grevitina, Br.; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 180.) Grevittea (Cycloptera) Hillii; arborea, ramulis tomentellis, foliis petiolatis supra glabris penninerviis et reticulatis subtus argenteo-sericeis, inferiori- bus elongatis 2-3-lobis pinnatifidisve lobis 3-5 elongatis obtusis, superiori- bus integris lineari-oblongis oblanceolatisve, racemis spiciformibus elongatis cylindraceis multi-densifloris, rachi pedicellisque brevibus puberulis, floribus parvis albo-virescentibus, perianthii + poll. longi subsericei tubo breve lobis revolutis, toro recto, glandula semi-annulari, ovario stipitato glabro, stylo gracili, stigmate sublaterali, capsula polli- ee ellipsoidea acuta paullo compressa levi, seminibus ambitu anguste alatis, G. Hilliana, F. Muell. in Trans. Phil Inst. Victoria, vol. ii. Seg 72. Benth. Fl. Austral. vol. v. p. 463. Bailey Cat. Queensland Plants, p. 40; Syn ps. Queensland Flor, p. 487. aiden, Useful Native Pl. Austral. p. 355, Grevillea is the largest genus of Australian Proteacex, and the second largest of Phenogams in that continent, where it is surpassed in numbers by Acacia alone. which contains 313. ‘There are 156 species of Grevillea in Bentham’s “ Flora Australiensis” (1870), and in Mueller’s last “‘ Census of Australian Plants” (1889) there are 161. The only extra Australian members known are a few from New Caledonia, and one from New Guinea. As with so many large genera, it is difficult of subdivision into well defined groups, though the species are in the whole remark- ably constant, and their synonymy is more due to misnomers and duplication of names than to the erecting _ of varieties into species. In this respect, as well as in the limitation of the species by brief diagnoses, Grevillea com- pares favourably with Eucalyptus, as is evidenced by a comparison of the spaces required for the diagnoses of the species of those genera respectively in Bentham’s Flora. In that work Grevillea, with 156 species, occupies only eight pages, whilst Eucalyptus with only 124 species occupies ten and a half. G. Hilliana is the twentieth species figured in this Manzcu Ist, 1897, magazine. Unlike its congeners, which are, as arule, local, it extends along the Eastern coast of the continent, from the Clarence River in New South Wales (lat. 292°), to Rockingham Bay in Queensland (lat. 18° S.) a distance, following the coast line, of nearly 900 miles. The speci- men here figured was contributed by T. Hanbury, Esq., F.L.S., from his garden at the Palazzo Orengo, Vente- - miglia, in July of last year. There is a plant of it in the Temperate House of the Royal Gardens, Kew, eight feet in height. In Australia it is known as the Silky Oak, and its timber is durable, beautifully grained, and useful for cabinet work. The name, Silky Oak, is (according to the Official Guide to the Timbers in the Kew Museum, 1893) also given to G. robusta, Orites eacelsa, and Stenocarpus salignus. Descr.—A large tree, attaining seventy feet in height, branchlets minutely tomentose, pale ‘reddish brown. Leaves very variable, all petioled, bright green above, and glabrous, with pinnate nervation, silvery silky beneath, the lower on the branches up to a foot long, usually broadly obovate in outline, tapering below the middle into a narrowly cuneate base, above it 3-lobed, or pinna- tifid, with about five broadly linear obtuse lobes, three to five inches long, by half an inch or more broad, of which the terminal is the largest; uppermost leaves undivided, four to six inches long, obtuse or subacute. Flowers small, in a cylindric, spiciform, erect, slightly curved pale green, very dense-flowered raceme, six to eight inches long, and one to one and a half inches in diameter ; rachis and pedicels pubescent. Perianth appressed silky, about one-fourth of an inch long, with a short tube and revolute lobes. Anthers small, didymous. Disk semi-annular. Ovary stipitate, glabrous; style slender, incurved; stigma discoid, sublateral. Capsule one to one and a quarter of an inch long, ellipsoid, acute, somewhat compressed laterally, quite smooth. Seeds orbicular, narrowly winged all round.—J. D. H. Fig. 1, Flower; 2, two lobes of perianth ; 3, section of. ovary and disk :—A/l enlarged ; 4, fruit of the natural size (from Herbarium specimen). M S.del, JNFitch lith. T, Reeve & C°e Loandan: hea cen or gu e Tas. 7525. DENDROBIUM sarmentosum. Native of Burma, Nat. Ord. Orcuiprx.—Tribe ErrpenpDREz. Genus Drenprosivum, Swartz; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 498.) Denprosium (Stachyobium) samentosum; caulibus gracilibus elongatis ramosis pendulis, internodiis 1-14-pollicaribus teretibus cylindraceis vaginis albidis tectis, nodis non incrassatis, foliis deciduis 2-pollicaribus elliptico-oblongis obtusis, floribus ad nodos solitariis v. 2-3 pedunculo brevi confertis 1-poll. latis albis labello basi roseo striato, bracteis ovato- oblongis, sepalis ovatis apice rotundatis, dorsali angustiore, petalis sepalis lateralibus consimilibus sed paullo latioribus, mento corniforme recurvo virescente, labello sepalis aquilongo v. paullo longiore late oblongo obtuso, lobis lateralibus parvis rotundatis, intermedio disco villoso, anthera subdidyma marginibus erosis. ; D. sarmentosum, Rolfe in Orchid. Rev. vol. iv. (1896) p. 72. D. fragrans, Hortul. Though differing in many respects from the type of the section Stachyobium, and especially in the lateral subsessile few-fld. inflorescence, I am disposed to follow Mr. Rolfe in placing this species in that group, and near to D. bar- batulum, Lindl. (see tab. 5918), and D. Fytcheanum (tab. 5444, under the name of barbatum). It differs from both these species in the long, very slender branched stems, but agrees in the hairy disk of the flat lip, and the minute coloured lateral lobes of the latter. The colour of the lip appears to be variable, for Mr. Rolfe describes its side lobes as pale green, with light brown radiating nerves. D. sarmentosum is a native of the Shan States of Upper Burma, where it was discovered by Mr. R. Moore, when Officiating Assistant Superintendent of the Upper Shan States, who alludes to it in a very interesting paper con- tributed to the Orchid Review (vol. iii. (1895) p. 171) on the Orchids of those states as one of thirty-five Orchids (eighteen of them Dendrobia) occurring within a radius of thirty miles round Lake Inle. It first flowered in the collection of Messrs. W. L. Lewis & Co. early in 1895. The specimen here figured Marcu Ist, 1897. was received at the Royal Gardens, Kew, in 1895, from _ Mr. Curtis, F.L.S., Superintendent of the Botanic Gardens and Plantations of Penang, who had received it from Burma. It flowered in the Orchid House in February, 1896, and the leaves were perfected in the following May. The flowers were deliciously violet-scented. Descr.—Stems very slender, eighteen inches long and upward, by one-tenth to one-eighth of an inch in diameter, pendulous, branched; branches elongate; internodes one to one anda half inches long, clothed throughout their length with the white appressed old leaf-sheaths; nodes hardly enlarged, often rooting. Jieaves produced before the flowers, one to two inches long, oblong, obtuse, bright green, coriaceous, nerves obscure. Flowers from the upper nodes of the branchlets, solitary, or two or three together on a very short peduncle, very shortly pedicelled, about an inch in diameter, white, with the side-lobes and base of the mid-lobe of the lip golden yellow, the side- lobes streaked with red; bracts small, ovate. Sepal and petals spreading, of nearly equal length, ovate-oblong, tips rounded; dorsal sepal rather the narrowest, and petals rather broader, and more oblong than the sepals. Lip a little longer than the sepals, lateral lobes small, rounded, incurved ; terminal broadly ovate-oblong, tip rounded or subacute, disk minutely villous; mentum produced into a recurved spur as long as the lip. Anther two-lobed at the top, margins erose.—J. D. H. Fig. 1, Ovary and lip ; 2, column; 3, anther; 4, pollinia ;—Ai] enlarged, TOR6 Vancent Brooks,Day &Son imp | ~ 3a > Rae aa Ae i Oe > ee a a rT bhatt an a ay ae a amar kw a a a th JN Fitch ii J. M.S.del, Tas. 7526, DIDYMOCARPUS Matayana. Native of Penang ? Nat. Ord. GesnERACES.—Tribe CyrTANDRER. Genus Dipymocarrus, Wall.; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 1022.) Diprmocarpus (Heterobea) malayana; acaulis, coespitosa, foliis radicalibus breviter petiolutis ovatis obtusis basi rotundatis cordatisve utrinque sericeo-pilosis flavo-viridibus subtus-pallidis nervis utrinque costw 6-8 arcuatis, scapis gracilibus laxe patentim pilosis apicem versus 2~-4-floris, floribus breviter pedicellatis nutantibus, bracteis parvis oblongis obtusis, calycis 5-partiti laciniis linearibus obtusis pubescentibus, corolle 1}- pollicaris extus pubescentis tubo subdecurvo in faucem longiorem in- _ fundibularem gibboso-inflatam producto, limbi subbilabiati lobis rotundatis subeequalibus patulis aureis, staminibus inclusis filamentis curvis glaberrimis, antheris scutiformibus cohwrentibus, connectivo dorso 2-corniculat, staminodiis 8 minutis papilleformibus, disco breviter cylindraceo, ovario angusto styloque toto elongato glanduloso-pubescen- tibus, stigmate capitato, capsula 14-pollicari anguste lineari fere recta, valvis ad basin liberis. ; D. malayana, Hook. f. in Gard. Chron. (1896) vol. ii. p. 123, fig. 24. ve A beautiful member of a large Eastern Asiatic genus which contains, including one doubtful Madagascar plant seventy-two species, according to Clarke’s Monograph of the Cyrtandrex (in Alph. DC. Monogr. Phanerog. vol. v. pt-I.) to which must be added, besides that here figured, seven Malayan species described by Mr. Ridley in the - Transactions of the Linnzan Society, Ser. II. vol. 111. (1893) p- 328, and twelve in the Journal of the same Society, vol. xxxii. (1896) p. 505. D. malayanas belongs to the section Heterobea of Bentham (Gen. Plant. 1.c. 1022) characterized by the five narrow calyx segments, subven- tricose elongate corolla, two stamens with coherent anthers, a cupular disk, and few-flowered scapes. It _ differs, however, from all the previously described plants of that section in being stemless. Its nearest ally is pro- bably D. crinita, Jack, (Tab. 4554) also a native of Penang, with which it agrees in the form of the corolla, and in the connective of the anthers being provided with two similar but much shorter projections, In other Maxcu Ist, 1897. respects, and especially in habit, the two plants widely differ, D. erinita being an erect caulescent species, clothed with shaggy purple hairs, and having oblanceolate, strongly serrate leaves, purple beneath. The character of the connective common to these two species is found in a few others, notably in the Himalayan D. awrantiaca, Clarke. The fine specimen of Didymocarpus malayana here figured was sent to Kew by Messrs. Veitch in June of last year, with the information that it was received by Mr. Curtis, F.L.S., Assistant Superintendent of Gardens and Forests in that island, of which I assume it to be a native, but it may have come from a neighbouring region. Descr.—Densely tufted, softly pubescent. Leaves spread- ing from the root, crowded in unequal pairs, two to three inches long, shortly stoutly petioled, broadly ovate, tip rounded, base rounded or subcordate, upper surface pale yellow-green, lower still paler, both surfaces and margins villous with appressed silky white hairs; nerves six to eight pair, arched, raised beneath. Scape two and a half to three inches high, slender, softly hairy, three- to four- flowered towards the summit ; pedicels very short ; bracts as long or longer than the pedicels, oblong, obtuse. Flowers nodding or drooping, about two inches long. Sepals one-third to one half an inch long, linear, obtuse, pubescent. Corolla with a slender terete tube, dilating into an infundibular-campanulate ventricose throat, pale straw-coloured and pubescent externally; limb an inch in diameter, subbilabiate, of five nearly equal orbicular — golden-yellow spreading lobes. Stamens inserted at the __ top of the corolla-tube, included in the throat ; filaments sigmoidly curved, quite glabrous; anthers scutelliform, coherent by their faces, connectives with two divergent short horns; staminodes three, minute. Disk shortly cylindric. Ovary narrow and long included straight style glandular-pubescent, stigma capitellate. Capsule one and a half inch long, very slender, straight, valves free to the base.—J. D. H Fig. 1, Calyx and style; 2, lower half of corolla laid open with stamens and staminodes ; 4, ovary and disk ; 5, transverse section of ovary :—All enlarged ; 6, capsule of the zat. size. f D OOK ot tlie’ BRITISH FLORA; a Waleripié of the Flowering Plants and Ferns indigenous to, or naturalized in the Briti Isles. For the use of Beginners and Amateurs. By Gxrorck BENTHAM ~ __ _ _F.R.S. 6th Edition, revised by Sir J.D. Hooker. Crown 8yo, 10s. 6d. 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SMITH, Oe ee Pree an Illustrated Companion to Bentham’s “ ‘ Handbook,” and other British # fe ane Poaeaie with 1315 Wong Ree Ox. § 7327 Vincent: Brooks, Day & Son Tap W.S.del, J -N.Fitch lith.. g q 6 =- . 1) ® @ j % 4 Tap: 7527. AGAVE HaAse.Lorrit. Native of Mexico. Nat. Ord. AMARYLLIDE#.—Tribe AGAVER. Genus Acave, Linn.; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iu. p. 738.) Agave (Littwa) Haselofii; acaulis, foliis 30-40 dense rosulatis lanceolatis viridibus subcarnosis ad basin vix angustatis spind terminali haud pungente aculeis marginalibus parvis crebris deltoideis apice corneis nigris, pedunculo valido arcuato bracteis multis adpressis preedito, floribus _geminis sessilibus, in spicam densam dispositis, bracteis propriis magnis seariosis linearibus basi deltoideis, ovario oblongo, perianthii tubo brevi campanulato, lobis oblongis bruaneo-viridibus, staminibus lobis 4—5-plo. longioribus, antheris linearibus parvis, stylo demum antheras superante. A. Haseloffii, Jacobi Monogr. Agav. (1864) p. 244; in Hamb. Gartenzeit, vol. xxii. (1866) p. 220. Baker in Gard. Chron. 1877, p. 683 ; Handb. Amaryllid, p- 189. This Agave belongs to the section Aloidex, in which the leaves are more fleshy, and not rigid in texture asin the better known Americane and Rigide and the marginal prickles always numerous and minute. The species of this group are comparatively rare in cultivation. The present plant has been grown at Kew for many years, but flowered for the first time in the summer of 1895. The species was originally described by Jacobi in 1864, and was named by him after the gentleman in whose garden he saw it. Descr.—Leaves thirty to forty, in a dense sessile rosette, _ lanceolate, rather soft, and not very thick in texture, a _ foot and a half or two feet long, three inches broad at the middle, very little narrowed towards the base, pale bright green, the end spine not horny nor pungent, the marginal prickles very close and small, tipped with black. Peduncle arising from the base of the rosette of the leaves, stout, arcuate, three feet long, with numerous ascending bract leaves, the upper scariose and long-pointed. Flowers in sessile pairs, forming a dense spike, which is five or six inches in diameter when they are fully expanded; bracts APRIL Ist, 1897, large, scariose, linear from a dilated base. Ovary green, oblong, an inch long. Perianth-tube very short, cam- panulate; lobes of the limb oblong, greenish-brown, half an inch long. Stamens above two inches long, inserted at the throat of the perianth-tube; anthers linear, small. Style finally overtopping the stamens.—J. G. Baker. - Fig. 1, Edge of leaf; 2, complete flower, cut open; 3, front view of anther; 4. back view of anther; 5, apex of style, all more or less enlarged ; 6, whole plant much reduced, : Vincent Brooks Day & Son imp M S.del, JN.Fitch ith L Reeve C?°Lendon Tas. 7528, GENTIANA tipetica. Native of the Eastern Himalaya. Nat. Ord. Gent1anra.—Tribe Swertiea. Genus Guntiana, Linn. ; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 815.) GenTIANa (Pneumonanthe) tibetica; glaberrima, caule sesquipedali robusto folioso, foliis 6-18.pollicaribus basi in vaginam cylindricam per paria connatis lanceolatis acuminatis crasse coriaceis supremis confertis quasi verticillatis marginibus undulatis, sub septemplinerviis supra laete viridibus subtus pallidis, floribus in axillis supremis confertis subsessilibus polli- caribus, calycis tenuiter membranacei spathacei tubo brevi ore truncato 5-denticulato, corolle calyce duplo longioris tubo cylindraceo paullo inflato pallide plumbeo-purpureo, limbi 5-fidi lobis ovatis pallidis fauceque rubro-punctulatis sinubus plica brevi simplici triangulari instructis, glandulis nectariferis 0, filamentis inclusis basi puberulis, antheris parvis, ovario sessili oblongo, stylo brevi, stigmatibus linearibus, capsula sessili ellipsoidea inclusa, seminibus reticulatis exalatis. G. tibetica, King in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 1441. Hook.f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vol. iv. p- 733. A tall, robust Gentian, placed in the section Chondro- phyllum in the *Icones Plantarum” where it was first described, but falling under Pnewmonanthe in Clarke’s arrangement of the Indian species (in the “Flora of British India”) where the latter section is distinguished from the former by the reticulate testa of the seeds. Its nearest ally is G. robusta, King (l.c. t. 1439) which has narrower leaves, linear teeth on the margin of the calyx- tube, and along style. These two differ from all other Himalayan species (except G. stylophora which attains six feet) by their size and robustness. They both inhabit elevations of about 11,000 feet in a remote triangular corner of the interior Himalaya, bordering Tibet, between Sikkim and Bhotan, called Chumbi; a region remarkable for its dry climate, being cut off by lofty ranges from the southerly rain-bringing winds. Owing to its climate not a few plants unknown in Sikkim have been found jn Chumbi ; notably Pinus excelsa, and more may be expected when it shall be visited by Europeans, who have up to the Apri Ist, 1897, present time been jealously excluded by the Tibetan authorities. Hitherto its botany is known only through native collectors, who have been sent there from Dar- jeeling under Dr. King’s authority, and who thus obtained both seeds and dried specimens. On a ticket attached to the latter the corolla is said not to be epunctate, but it is decidedly dotted in the specimen here figured. G, tibetica has been in cultivation in Europe previous to 1883, at which date flowering specimens were sent to the Royal Gardens by Herr Max Leichtlin, and are preserved in the Herbarium. It has been in cultivation in the open air at Kew for some years, from seeds sent from the Royal Botanic Gardens, Calcutta. It flowers in July. Descr.—Stem very stout, eighteen inches high and up- wards, fistular P stout, erect, unbranched, leafy to the tip. Leaves up to eighteen inches long, by four broad, lan- ceolate, acuminate, very thick and leathery, bases of opposite pairs connate, margins undulate, channelled in the upper bright green surface by five to seven pairs of nearly parallel sunken nerves, midrib beneath very stout. Flowers crowded in the axils of the crowded upper leaves, shortly stoutly pedicelled ; bracts small, lanceolate. Calyzx short, membranous, tubular, splitting to the base on one side, truncate, the mouth minutely five-toothed. Corolla- tube nearly an inch long, more than twice as long as the calyx, slightly inflated ; lobes a quarter of an inch long, ovate, dull straw-coloured, speckled with black; folds in the sinus short, acute. Stamens included; anthers linear- oblong. Ovary subsessile, ovoid-oblong, with short, re- curved styles. Capsule dehiscing at the tip, Seeds ellipsoid ; testa reticulated, not winged.—J. D. H. Fig. 1, Flower with the corolla closed; 2, corolla laid open; 3, stamen; 4, ovary :—All enlarged. 7529, a ai ap al Ese ag) lp Wa Wg \ a wy Y, : koma te 4, : ¥ MS. del, JN Fitch hth. i Ta. 7oe9, TRISTANTA LAURINA. Native of Eastern Australia. Nat. Ord. Myrtacez.—Tribe LzprosPeRMEx, Genus Tristanta, Br.; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 708.) Tristanta (Eutristania) Jauwrina; ramulis foliisque novellis sericeis, foliis alternis breviter petiolatis lanceolatis obovatis- v. oblongo-lanceolatis obtusis acutis acuminatisve subcoriaceis penninerviis basi angustatis, supra laete viridibus, subtus pallidis primum sericeis demum glabris costa valida, nervis perplurimis, cymis axillaribus breviter valide pedun- culatis, pedicellis calyce paullo longioribus, bracteis parvis deciduis, calycis semisuperi campanulati pubescentis lobis triangularibus, petalis parvis ellipticis aurantiacis, staminum phalangibus brevibus polyandris, ovarii vertice hemispherico hirsuto, capsula parva subglobosa infra medium hemispherica, vertice in valvulas 3 obtusas hiantes dehiscente, seminibus oblongis. T. laurina, Br. in Ait. Hort. Kew Ed. II. vol. iv. p.417. DO. Prodr. vol. ili. p- 211. F. Mueil. Fragment. vol.i.p. 81. Benth. Fl. Austral. vol. in. p. 264. Bailey, Synop. Queensland Flor. p. 182, Maiden, Useful Nat. Pl. Austral. p. 609. Melaleuca laurina, Sm. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vol. iii. (1797) p. 275. Tristania lawrina is remarkable both for its great variability in habit, and for its wide range in distribution. In form it passes from that of a scrubby bush in dry places, to a stately tree seventy feet high with a trunk one to two ft. diam. in moist forests; whilst in geographical distribution it ranges from the temperate regions of Gipps’ Land in latitude 38°8., to the subtropical in Moreton Bay, lat. 27° S. The wood is described by Maiden 1. c. as hard, close-grained, dark colrd., and difficult to season, and is used for tool-handles, cog-wheels, &c. It has various colonial names, ‘ Bastard Box,” ‘‘ Swamp Maho- gany,” “ Water Gum,” and “ Beech.” The genus Tristania is confined to Tenasserim, the Malayan Peninsula Islands, Eastern Australia, and New Caledonia. It contains about twenty species, of which i’, laurina is the most southern. Only one has been pre- viously figured in this magazine, J’. neriifolia, of New ApRiL Ist, 1897, South Wales (Tab. 1058 Melaleuca), which belongs to a different section of the genus, having opposite leaves. The specimen here figured of 7’, lawrina was communicated by Mr. Hanbury from the Mortola Gardens in July, 1896. A plant of it has been for many years in cultivation in the Royal Gardens of Kew, and is now in the Temperate House, where it flowers occasionally. Descr.—A shrub, or small or large tree, attaining seventy feet in height; branchlets and young leaves and old leaves beneath at first, clothed with silky appressed hairs ; branch- _lets and petioles stout, red-brown. Leaves very variable, three to four inches long, from lanceolate to oblong- lanceolate or obovate-oblong, obtuse, acute or acuminate, dark green above, very pale beneath; midrib stout ; nerves very numerous and slender; base narrowed into a short stout petiole. Flowers orange-yellow, in small, shortly stoutly petioled axillary cymes, about one-third of an inch in diameter ; pedicels short, stout ; bracts very small, brown, caducous. Calyx turbinately campanulate, semi-superior, pubescent; lobes 5, triangular. Petals one-eighth to one- sixth of an inch long, elliptic, very shortly clawed. Stamen in five short bundles of about twenty each. Ovary with ahemispheric hirsute crown. Capsule small, obtusely three-valved above the middle.—J. D. H. Fig. 1, Flower; 2, calyx lobes, bundle of stamens and petals; 3, anther; 4, base of calyx and ovary ; 5, transverse section of ovary ; 7, immature seed: —all enlarged; 6, fruiting cymes of the natural size. 7930 é Vincent Brocks Day & San imp MS. del, J -N-Fitch ith. L Reeve & C° London. Das; 7530: GONGORA trtcoror. Native of Costa Rica. Nat. Ord. OncHIDEZ.—Tribe VaAnDEs. Genus Goneora, Ruiz & Pav.; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 549.) Goncora ?ricolor; pseudobulbis ovoideis alte costatis interstitiis concavis, foliis ovato-oblongis acuminatis 5-costatis, racemi rachi compressa et angulata fusco-rubra, sepalis lateralibus reflexis ovato-lanceolatis acumi- natis rubro-purpureis maculisque paucis pallidis variegatis, marginibus ~ recurvis, costa pallida, sepalo dorsali ultra columnam lanceolato, sepalis lanceolato-subulatis incurvis apicibus setaceis, petalis parvis, labelli aurei hypochilio cuneiforme saccato a latere compresso basi dorso bitu- berculato apice truncato, angulis superioribus acutis infra apicem aristatis, epichilio hypochilio wquilongo infundibulari apice in rostrum recurvum produco, columna basique elongata sepali dorsalis rubro- punctatis. Gongora tricolor, Reichb. f. in Bonplandia, vol. ii. (1854) p. 93; in Walp, Ann. vol. vi. p. 594. G. maculata, var. tricolor; Lindl. Bot. Reg. vol. xxx. (1844) Mise. n. 40; et vol. xxiii. (1847) t. 69. In systematic botany there is no more difficult task than that of accurately and intelligibly describing the floral organs of Orchids, and I think that the maximum of diffi- culty is reached in the case of Gongora. This arises from the confluence of the lower half (long claw) of the narrow dorsal sepal with the lower half of the long column into a pillar carrying the bases of the small subulate or horn-like petals adnate to it, almost to its summit; to the reflexion of the lateral sepals, which are quite unlike the dorsal; and to the complicated structure of the comparatively small lip, which is attached by a mere point to the summit of the ovary, and is directed backwards horizontally from the rest of the perianth. These characters give a dislocated appearance to flowers, the forms and relations of whose organs can hardly be understood without a good drawing. Add to these difficulties that of defining the shades of colours of the often parti-coloured floral organs, which in the case of Orchids is necessary for systematic purposes. There are several tropical 8. American Gongoras so closely allied to G. tricolor in every detail of the structure Aprr'L 1st, 1897. of the lip, that intermediates between some or all may be - expected to occur. Of these the type is G. quinquenervis, Ruiz & Pav., which, according to Reichenbach, is a widely distributed species from Guatemala to Peru and Guiana, and for which that author cites (in Walp. Ann.1.c. 595), G. maculata, Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1616; Bot. Mag. t. 3687 ; G. fulva, Bot. Reg. vol. xxv. (1839) t. 51; G. maculata, var, alba, Bot. Reg. vol. xxvii. (1841) Mise. n. 101, and G. bufonia, var. leucochila, Bot. Reg. (1847) t. 17 as synonyms. _ The specimen of G. tricolor here figured was received at the Royal Gardens, Kew, in September, 1894, from Mr. R. Pfau, of San Jose, Costa Rica. It flowered in the warm Orchid House in February, 1896. Descr.—Pseudobulbs ovoid, two to two and a half inches long, deeply sulcate, with about six obtusely keeled ribs and rounded interstices. Leaves six inches long, ovate- oblong, acuminate, deeply five-grooved above, with as many stout ribs beneath, bright green. aceme pendulous, long-peduncled, six to ten inches long, lax-flowered ; peduncle and rachis slender, pale green, speckled; rachis compressed and angled ; bracts a quarter of an inch long, lanceolate ; pedicel with ovary one and a half to two inches long, spreading and decurved, speckled like the rachis. Flowers about two inches long from the tip of the dorsal sepal to that of the lip. Sepals very unequal, dorsal narrow, adnate for half its length to the back of the column, the free portion as long as the adnate, lanceolate, margins revolute, tip recurved; lateral sepals reflexed, ovate-lanceolate, dull red-purple, with revolute margins, and a stout pale midrib. Petals adnate to the sides of the column for their lower halves, the free portions spreading and upcurved, lanceolate, acuminate, speckled. Tip golden-yellow, projecting horizontally; hypochiliam cuneiform, saccate, truncate anteriorly, with acute angles and an awn on each side; base with two dorsal tubercles ; epichichilium as long as the hypochilium, broadly funnel- shaped, with a spur-like speckled tip, base dorsally gibbous. Column slender, speckled.—J. D. H. ag Fig. 1, Lip; 2, column and petals ; 3, top of column and anther ; 4, pollinia : —All enlarged. TAS. TOOk SENECIO Smiratr. Native of South Chili and Fuegia. Nat. Ord. Comrosita.—Tribe SENECIONIDEX. Genus Senxcio, Linn. ; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p, 446.) Senecio Smithii; caule simplice herbaceo valde robusto fistuloso folioso foliis- que amplis araneosis, foliis crassiusculis radicalibus petiolatis ovatis basi cuneatis cordatis bilobisve, apice obtusis acutisve grosse crenato- dentatis subtus nervosis costa crassa, petiolo crasso antice concavo basi dila- tato vaginante, caulinis oblongis, capitulis in corymbos terminales_ basi foliosos valide pedunculatos dispositis, involucri campanulati calyculati araneosi bracteis angustis linearibus acutis viridibus, fl. radii ligulis . numerosis brevibus v. elongatis linearibus 3-dentatis albis, styli ramis brevibus linearibus obtusis, fl. disci aureis 5-dentatis, styli ramis brevibus apice dilatatis, acheniis linearibus glaberrimis sulcatis, pappi setis : achenio paullo longioribus subscaberulis. : 8. Smithii, DC. Prodr. vol. vii. p. 316. Hook.f. Fl. Antarct. vol. ii. p. 316. C. Gay, Fl. Chil. vol. iv. p. 198. ; S. verbascifolius, Hombr. & Jacquin. Voy. aw Pole Sud. Bot. Dicot, Phan. Pers Cineraria gigantea, Smith, Ewot. Bot. vol. ii. p. ii. t. 65. C. leucanthema, Banks § Sol. mss. in Herb. Mus. Brit. cum Icone. Brachypappus? Smithii, Schult. Bih. in Hohen. Pl. Lechler Magell. Exsice. n. 1238. This noble Senecio was discovered in January, 1769, during Cook’s first voyage, by Banks and Solander, when on their disastrous botanizing excursion in Good Success Bay in Tierra del Fuego. Since that time it has been collected by every naturalist who has visited the Straits of Magellan and western coast of South Chili, along which it extends as far north as the Island of Chiloe, according to a specimen so ticketed by Captain King in the Kew Herbarium. Quite recently it has been found in the Falkland Islands by Mr. A. Linney of the Government Gardens, Stanley Harbour, who sent seeds of it to Kew in 1895, describing it as a,coast plant. It would be in- teresting to know which of the two Falkland Islands the plant inhabits, for not only is the flora of the group a singularly scanty one, but there is a botanical difference between the Eastern and Western Islands, exemplified by Aprit Ist, 1897. the fact that the only true shrub in the flora, Veronica elliptica, Forst. (see Tab. 242, V. decussata, Ait.) has been found in the Western Island only (that nearest to Fuegia), where, as I have been informed, it is local, and confined to the Southern and Western coasts. It may be mentioned here that V. elliptica is one of the very few shrubs that is common to Chili, Fuegia, New Zealand, and the islands West and South of the latter. Senecio Smithit varies a good deal in height, robustness, number of flower-heads, and length of the ray-flowers, which are sometimes very narrow and short. The speci- men figured is of a plant raised from seeds sent by Mr. Linney in 1895, which grew vigorously, and flowered in an open border in June, 1896, and has attained three feet in height, with the stem as thick as the thumb. Descr.—A robust perennial, green, leafy herb, three to four feet high, more or less clothed with a loose cobwebby indumentum. Stem as thick as the thumb below, and as the middle finger about the middle. Lower leaves eight to ten inches long, ovate or oblong, acute or obtuse, coarsely crenate-toothed, thickly leathery, pale green; base cuneate, rounded-cordate, or 2-lobed; midrib very stout below, with prominent nerves; petiole very stout, concave in front; upper leaves sessile, oblong. Heads many, in a leafy, terminal corymb, pedicels long or short, stout. Jnvolucre one half to two-thirds of an inch long, campanulate; bracts very narrow, acute, green. Riay-flowers twenty to thirty, white, very variable, one- fourth to three-fourths of an inch in length, linear, tip — three-toothed; style-arms short, linear. Disk-flowers yellow, 5-toothed ; style-arms short, recurved, tips dilated. Achene about one-third of an inch long, very narrow, deeply grooved, glabrous; pappus rather longer than the achene, white, rather rough.—J. D. H. Fig. 1, Ray- flower ; 2, disk-flower ; 3, panpus-hair; 4, stamens; 5, style-arms of disk-flowers ; 6, achene ; all enlarged ;,7, whole plant greatly reduced, Ts the use of rey ‘and Amateurs. By GEORGE Benta } oe “ee 6th Edition, revised by Sir J. D. Hooker. Crown.8vo, 10s. ore % ILLUSTRATIONS of the BRITISH FLORA ; a Series of Wood atte Engravings, with Dissections, of British Plants, from ‘Drawings by W. H. Fircn, F.L.S., and W. G. 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[All rights reserved. ] Eee OL BOTANIC ‘S00IETY ARRANGEMENTS, 1897 , GREAT SUMMER EXHIBITION | oF PLANTS AND FLOWERS, Wednesday, May 19th. ce SPECIAL FLORAL FETE AND ‘CHILDREN'S: PARADE, .! ‘Wednesday, June 9th: ; : RHODODENDRON EXHIBITION. daily. desing ite : ce IMPERIAL FETE AND FANCY FA oak. the. To « 60th year of Her Majesty’s: Reign. In aid of th as Hospital for Children, Gheian: June 21st to June: By NATIONAL VIOLA SOCIETY'S. EXHIBITION, uly ny ee EXHIBITION OF CHRYSAN THEMUMS early i in Nover - BOTANICAL LECTURES, Fridays in May and June. - MUSICAL PROMENADES, ‘Soames in June, July, and August. 2 Now ready, price 2s, 6d. INSULAR FLORAS. A Lecture delivered by Sir J. D.. HOOKER, O.B., before the British Association for the advancement of Science at Nottingham, August 27, 1866. Now ready » Second Edition. HANDBOOK OF’ BRITISH MOSSES, aN . ieigulorctons Pe all that are known to be natives: of oe Isles. _ By ARTHUR G. BUTLER, Ph.D, F.LS., F.Z8,, F. ae i ob a la and handsome yolume ¢f between 300 and 400 pages, with 60. — ae tue © mio : ‘= iv. Ws FROWHAWK, pec gastettd coloured by Hund, 3 “HANDBOOK OF THE BRITISH FLORA: A Description of the Flowering Plants and Ferns Indigenous « : . to or Naturaliged in the British Isles. . Bry, GEORGE BENTHAM, F-RS. 6th Edition, Revised by Sir J. D. Hooxenr, C.B., K.C.S.1., F.R.S., &. 10s. 6d. ILLUSTRATIONS OF THE BRITISH FLORA: A Series of Wood Engravings, with Dissections, of British Plants, a Drawn BY W.H, FITCH, F.L.S., anp .W: G. SMITH, F. L. 5. Porming an lilustrated Companion to Bentham’s “ Handbook,” and other is: ish . 4th Edition, with 1315. Wood Rugeariags, if. 62. Floras,. ~L, REEVE & CO,, 6, HENRIETT ie STRERT, dive or ee 7532 E ” oe) A a : a : s Tas. 7582. AGAVE KEWENSIS. Native of Mexico. Nat. Ord. AmaryLLipe”.—Tribe AGavez. Genus AGave, Linn. ; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 738.) Acave (Euagave) kewensis; breviter caulescens, foliis 30-40 laxe rosulatis oblongo-lanceolatis carnoso-coriaceis viridibus, spina terminali debili vix pungente spinulis marginalibus parvis deltoideis brunneis, pedunculo valido elongato foliis multis rudimentariis lanceolatis preedito, floribus in paniculam laxam dispositis, ramis patulis apice multifloris, pedicellis brevibus, bracteis parvis ovatis scariosis, ovario cylindrico, perianthio lutescente tubo brevi infundibulari, lobis ovato-lanceolatis, staminibus lobis 2-3-plo longioribus, stylo staminibus longiore. A. kewensis, Jacobi Monogr, Agave, p. 242. Baker in Gard. Chron. 1897, vol. i. p. 68; Handb. Amaryllid. p. 242. ? The present Agave belongs to the group with com- paratively fleshy leaves, the species of which are less hardy and much rarer in cultivation than A. americana, A. rigida, and their allies. Of this group it is the finest and largest species which is known. When General Jacobi visited the Royal Gardens at Kew in 1865 he at once recognized it as a new and well-marked species, and shortly afterwards described it in his monograph under the name of Agave kewensis. It did not flower till 1895, and then proved to have the americana type of panicle. The plant did not perfect seed, and died after flowering, but the peduncle was cut and kept, and fortunately, as it was the only plant known, developed a number of bulbillx after the flowers faded. These have been planted, and it is hoped that a number of young plants raised from them will shortly be ready for distribution. _— Deser.—Trunk produced to a length of half a foot below the leaves. Leaves oblong-lanceolate, thirty or forty in a rather lax rosette, three or four feet long, seven or eight inches broad at the middle, narrowed gradually to four inches above the dilated base, bright green on both surfaces, concave on the face in the middle ; end spine weak and scarcely pungent; marginal spinules May Ist, 1897, small, deltoid, brown. Peduncle fifteen feet long, acci- dentally forked in the present specimen, with many ascend- ing lanceolate reduced leaves. Inflorescence laxly panicled, rather shorter than the peduncle; branches spreading, bearing a cluster of many flowers at the apex; pedicels short; bracts small, ovate, scariose. Ovary cylindrical, an inch long. Perianth yellowish; tube short, funnel- shaped ; lobes ovate-lanceolate, ascending, nearly an inch long. Stamens more than twice as long as the perianth- lobes; anthers linear. Style overtopping the anthers.— J. G. Baker. | Fig. 1, Marginal spinules; 2, front view of anther; 3, back view of anther; 4, apex of style ;—al/ enlarged; 5, whole plant, much reduced. T3533 - F Brooks, & M.S. del, JNFitch lith Vance Day Tap. 5698. MAXILLARIA Hovrrsana. Native of Guatemala and Venezuela. Nat. Ord. OrcuipEx.—Tribe VANDER, Genus Maxitiaria, Ruiz & Pav.; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 555.) Maxittarra (Caulescentes) Houtteana ; rhizomate elongato suberecto vaginis lanceolatis acuminatis brunneis tecto, vaginis superioribus pseudobulbum supremum s#quantibus, pseudobulbis lineari-oblongis compressis lavibus — monopbhyllis, folio sessili sex-pollicari lineari obtuso medio profunde canaliculato, pedunculo cum ovario 1-1} pollicario suberecto, flores erecto sub 2-poll. latio, sepalis ovato-lanceolatis acutis aureo-marginatis intus rubro-purpureis, basin versus aureis, dorsali allo latiore fornicato, lateralibus patenti-recurvis, petalis erectis sepalis concoloribus apicibus conniventibus, labello late oblongo apice rotundato pubernlo aureo ultra medium sanguineo maculato, lobis lateralibus obsoletis, disco atro-purpureo fasciato callo tumido instructo, columna maculata, anthera conico-hemispherica papillosa, polliniis obovoideis cohwrentibus, glandula transverse elongata arcuata. M. Houtteana, Reichb. f. in Hamb.: Gartenz. vol. xiv. (1858) p. 212. Regel, Gartenfl. vol. vii. (1858) p. 286. M. Houtteana is very nearly allied to M. tenuifolia, Lindl. (Bot. Reg. t. 1986 (in note), and vol. xxv. t. 8) of Mexico, differing chiefly in the longer narrower pseudo- bulbs, and broader bright green leaves. The specimen figured was obtained from the Brussels Botanical Garden in 1891. It flowers annually in the cool Orchid House of the Royal Gardens, Kew, in April; the flower lasting for a month or more. _ Deser.—Rhizome erect or ascending, stout ; internodes an inch long or less, clothed with brown, lanceolate sheaths, the uppermost of which are as long as the young pseudo- bulbs, lower successively shorter. Pseudobulbs two to two and a half inches long, sessile, linear-oblong, compressed, smooth, pale green. Leaf solitary, sessile, six inches long by half to three-fourths of an inch broad, linear, obtuse, — somewhat curved, dark green above, with a deep median channel, beneath paler and keeled. Pedunele with the ovary, one and a half to two inches long, up-curyed, stout, May 1st, 1897. green, clothed at the base with acute brown sheaths. Flower nearly two inches broad across the lateral sepals, suberect. Sepals dirty yellow without, within of a rich red purple, with golden margins, the lateral ovate- lanceolate, spreading and recurved, and with a yellow area towards the baseand lower margins streaked with red-brown ; dorsal sepal oblong, acute, fornicate. Petals rather smaller than the sepals, coloured like the dorsal, oblong, acute, incurved, tips connivent. Lip rather shorter than the sepals, oblong, puberulous, tip rounded, side lobes none ; disk with a low, broad, ill-defined, tumid callus, golden- yellow, with red-brown spots in the distal half, and purple streaks towards the base. Column yellow, spotted red- brown. Anther .conico-hemispheric, papillose. Pollinia pyriform, coherent ; gland bow-shaped.—J. D. H. Fig. 1, Top of ovary, lip and column; 2, column; 3, anther; 4 and 5, pollinia :— W. G. SMITH, F.L.S. - ~ Forming on Illustrated Companion to Bentham’ s “ Handbook,” and other British Floras, : 4th Parner with 1315. Wood Engravings, 10s. 64. L. REEVE & CO., 6, HENRIETTA STRERT, COVENT GARDEN. 754 2. ~ MCS. del, JNEitch bith oks, Day & Son Imp WG Bro Vincent Broo 10} ¢ Uo dl L Reeve & Tas. 7542, ZAMIA osiiqua. Native of New Grenada. Nat. Ord. Crcaprm.—Tribe EucEPHALARTER. Genus Zamia, Linn. ; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 447.) Zamia (Euzamia) obliqua; trunco gracili levi, prophyllis triangularibus longe acuminatis fuscis infra comam imbricatis, foliis longe petiolatis, petiolo gracili lana fusca detergibili primum operto, rachi nudo v. raris- sime hic illic aculeolato, foliolis sub 6-jugis 4—6-pollicaribus ovatis ovato- oblongis lanceolatisve acuminatis candiculatisve basi in petiolulum crassum angustatis crasse chartaceis ultra medium spinuloso-serrulatis, nervis gracillimis creberrime lineolatis, strobilo foomineo 6-poll. longo 23 poll. diam. breviter crasse pedunculato, pedunculo prophyllis lineari- lanceolatis fuscis dense vaginato cylindraceo vertice conico apice pungente, peltis 6-seriatis transverse hexagonis fusco-tomentosis vertice planis v. leviter depressis. Z. obliqua, A. Braun in Monatsh. Akad. Berlin, 1875, p. 376. Regel, Cycad. Revis. 1875, p. 42; in Illustr. Hortic. vol. xxiy. (1877) p- 140, t. 289. Dyer in Gard. Chron, 1882, vol. i, p. 461, fig. 72. Z. obliqua is a very distinct species of a genus, which, when founded by Linnzus, in 1763, contained but one representative (Z. pumila, of the West Indies), but of which nearly forty are now enumerated; though of these probably only thirty or so are really well characterized. All are tropical or subtropical American. Seven are now figured in this magazine, of which two are nearly related to Z. obliqua, namely, Z. furfuracea, Ait. (t. 1969) of Mexico, and Z. Skinneri, Warz. of the Isthmus of Panama (t. 5242). Z. obliqua was discovered by Dr. Seemann, in 1847, when he was botanist to H.M.S. Herald, a ship commissioned by the Admiralty under Captain Kellett, R.N., to search for Sir John Franklin’s Expedi- tion along the Western polar shores of the American continent. On their way North in the Pacific Ocean, Dr. Seemann had an opportunity of collecting in New Grenada, where he found Z. obliqua on Cape Corrientes. Unfor- tunately he did not distinguish it from Z. Skinneri, and in the Botany of the Herald’s Voyage, p. 202, amongst the habitats given for the latter plant is Cape Corrientes; JuLy Ist, 1897, a blunder consequently perpetuated under the description of Z. Skinneri in this magazine (Tab. 5242). Z, obliqua was subsequently (in 1875) collected in the same locality by Gustav Wallis, by whom living specimens were sent to Messrs. Veitch. It was first described by Prof. A. Braun, from flowerless specimens cultivated in the Berlin Botanical Gardens. The fine plant here figured was procured by the Royal Gardens, Kew, from Mr. Bull in 1880. It flowered for the first time in 1896. Descr.—Trunk slender, attaining eight feet in height, crowned beneath and amongst the leaves with imbricating subulate-lanceolate tomentose entire prophylla an inch to an inch and a half long. Leaves two to three feet long; rachis and petiole unarmed, or with very few scattered spinules, when quite young clothed with a light brown wool. Leaflets about six pairs, four to six inches long, petiolulate, ovate, ovate-oblong, or -lanceolate, usually caudate-acuminate, sbarply subspinulosely toothed from the middle to the tip, thickly chartaceous, bright green on both surfaces, striate with close-set nerves ; petiolule half an inch long or less, base swollen. Female cone shortly peduncled, about six inches long, by two and a half in diameter, cylindric, terminated by a broad conical crown with a small apical mucro, clothed all over with a thin pale brown tomentum. Scales in six series of about ten each, transversely oblong, about an inch in transverse breadth, and one-third of an inch in thickness, hexagonal, with a truncate flat or slightly concave top; peduncle stout, an inch long, clothed with prophylla like those on the trunk, longer than itself.—J. D. H. | Fig. 1, Scale; 2, ovule; both exlarged., 7543 Vincent Brooks,Day & Son imp Tas. 7543. CATTLEYA ELONGATA. Native of Brazil. Nat. Ord. Orcuiprx.—Tribe VANDER. Genus Cartreya, Lindl. ; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 531.) CattLEya elongata; caulibus 1-2-pedalibus e basi decumbente ascendentibus strictisve simplicibus cylindraceis sulcatis, internodiis 1-2-pollicaribus non incrassatis, foliis apices versus caulorum paucis oblongis obtusis crasse coriaceis rigidis dorso carinatis saturate viridibus, racemo longe pedunculato erecto 6-10-flore, rachi valida viridi, vagina ad basin ee lineari-oblonga carinata, bracteis parvis, pedicellis cum ovario -pollicaribus viridibus, floribus erectis 4-poll. expans., sepalis petalisque obtusis undulatis rufo-aurantiacis, sepalo dorsali lineari, lateralibus lineari-oblongis, petalis sepalo dorsali consimilibus sed crispato-undulatis, labelli rosei lobis lateralibus dimidiato-ovatis, intermedio flabelliforme 2-lobo, columna clavata. _ C. elongata, Rodrig. Gen. & Sp. Orchid. Nov. vol. i. (1877) p. 72. Rolfe in Orchid. Rev. vol. vii. p. 206. : C. Alexandre, L. Linden § Rolfe in Gard. Chron. 1892, vol. i. p. 522; in Lindenia, vol. viii. t. 357, 358. A remarkable and very beautiful species, distinguished for its very long peduncle, and the peculiar colour of the sepals and petals. Its nearest ally, as pointed out by Mr. Rolfe, is with C. Leopoldi. In the specimen described in the Gardener’s Chronicle, there were ten racemes, with peduncles fifteen to eighteen inches long, each bearing six to ten flowers. It was flowered by Messrs. Linden & Co., of Brussels, in 1892. The specimen here figured was _ purchased for the Royal Gardens, Kew, at an auction sale in 1893. It flowered in the Orchid House in October, 1893, and proves to be a finer variety than has hitherto en known. : _ Deser.—Stems erect, or ascending from a decumbent rooting base, one to two feet high, as thick as the little finger, terete, sulcate, pale; internodes one to two inches Jong, naked, not swollen; nodes marked by a transverse brown line. Leaves few at the top of the stem, sessile, about six inches long by one and a half broad, oblong, obtuse, thickly and rigidly coriaceous, dorsally keeled, dark green above. Peduncles many, up to eighteen inches Juty 1st, 1897. long, stout, erect, green; basal sheath three inches long, Iinear-oblong, keeled. Raceme rather short, six- to ten- fld., erect ; bracts small, triangular; pedicel with ovary about three inches long, strict, erect, green. Flowers about four inches in diameter ; sepals and petals undulate, obtuse, ochraceous- or rufous-orange. Dorsal sepal two and a half inches long, linear, lateral linear- Petals like the dorsal sepal, but sides more crispedly waved. Lip rose-colrd.; side lobes dimidiate-ovate, pro- jecting forward, tips obtuse ; midlobe much larger, flabelli- form, 2-lobed or very broadly deeply obcordate, lobes rounded. Column clavate. Pollinia 4, cohering in pairs by their straps, and the straps cohering at the base by a lobulate viscus—J. D. H. oblong. Fig. 1, Column; 2, anther-cap ; 3, pollinia; 4, one pair of pollinia :—AJZ enlarged, 7544 A ONG a. MS.delLINFthhth Vincent Brooks,Day& Sonhinp L Reeve & C° London Tas, 7544, POLYGONUM Batpscuvanicum. Native of Bokhara. Nat. Ord. Potyeonacea.—Tribe Eupotygonem. Genus Potyconum, Linn. ; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 97.) Potyeonum (Tiniaria) baldschuanicum; fratex volubilis, foliis inferioribus oppositis longe petiolatis ovato-hastatis cordatisve acutis obtusis acumi- natisve obsolete crenulatis marginibus scaberulis, ochreis brevissimis cito evanidis, foliis supremis minoribus angustioribus, paniculis axillaribus et terminalibus folia superantibus laxe ramosis, rachi angulata, bracteis minutis, floribus roseis subsolitariis fasciculatisve, pedicellis gracilibus supra basin articulatis, sepalis hyalinis 3 exterioribus ovatis, petalis dorso _ alatis, alis in pedicellum apicem versus trialatum decurrentibus, 2 interio- ribus subobovatis suberectis exalatis, staminibus 8, filamentis liberis basi pilosis, glandulis perigynis 0, stigmate sessile magno capitato 3-lobo, calyce fructifero paullo ancto late 3-alato, alis subundulatis, achznio triquetro nigro nitido, cotyledonibus accumbentibus. P. baldschuanicum, Regel in Act. Hort. Petrop. vol. viii. (1884) p. 684, t. 10, et Descr. Plant. Nov. Reg. Turkest. fase. ix. p. 44, t. 10. H. Zabel in Garten-flora, vol. xxxvi. (1888) p. 409, t. 1278. LZ. Henry in Le Jardin, vol. ix. (1895) p. 231, cum ic. A very beautiful hardy climber, belonging to the same section of Polygonum as the notorious pest of cultivated grounds, P. Convolvulus, L., but differmg from it in the perennial stem, colour of the flowers, and broadly winged fruiting perianth. It is much more nearly allied to the Chineseand Japanese P. multiflorum, Thunb., which ischiefly distinguished by its tuberous rootstock, armed stems, and much smaller flowers. P. baldschuanicum is one of the many discoveries of Albert Regel, who found it in 1883 on the banks of the River Wachsch, at the Eastern foot of Mt. Sevistan in Bokhara at an elevation of 1200-1700 ft. The specimen figured is from a plant six feet high, raised in the Royal Gardens, Kew, from seeds sent from the Imperial Botanical Garden of St. Petersburgh, which flowered in September, 1896. : Deser.—Stem very slender, woody, branched, scandent, up to twenty feet high, half an inch in diameter at the base ; bark pale, lenticellate. Leaves long-petioled, ovate- Juty Ist, 1897. or hastate-cordate, acute obtuse or acuminate, pale green, margins scaberulous. Panicles axillary and _ terminal, effuse, branches slender, angular; flowers in small fascicles, rose-colrd., nearly half an inch broad; bracts minute ; pedicels slender, one-eighth to one-fourth of an inch long, trigonous above, jointed above the base. Sepals hyaline ; three outer ovate, spreading, dorsally winged, wing de- current on the angles of the pedicel; three inner more obovate, suberect, not winged. Stamens 8; filaments about as long as the sepals, hairy towards the base. Ovary small, triquetrous ; style 0; stigma large, capitate, 3-lobed. Fruiting calyx broadly 3-winged, wings rather waved. 6O., 6, HENRIETTA STREET, COVENT GARDEN, : 1897. ‘ {All rights reserved.] r -—ROTAL, BOTAN sOouET ee 1897 : EXHIBITION OF CHRYSANTHEMUMS aii in November. MUSICAL PROMEN ADES, eet in at See a ee ES yy ae ao vised by Siz J, D. HOOKER, C.B., before the British MeacSiavion Si. ; es “tor: the advancement of Science at Nottingham, August 27,1866. . Sal ‘Now ready, Second Edition. HANDBOOK OF BRITISH MOSSES, Containing all that are known to be natives of the British Isles. ery By the Rev. M. J. BERKELEY, M.A, F.L.S. 24 Coloured Plates, 21s. ee Now ready, poeple in 1 vol., royal Ato, qintesiebihe cloth case, £6 i t 2 ‘Foreign Finches in se ivity. ee By ARTHUR G. BUTLER, Ph.D. F.LS., F-2S., FES. Th whole forms @ large and handsome volume of. between 800 and 400 pages, with 60 Plates, by pe : i 7.) baie ots Smash aes ee aoe by ‘band. tes ‘OF THE BRITISH FLORA. A Description of the Flowering Plants and Ferns Indigenous. « to or Naturaliged in the British Isles. By GEORGE BENTHAM, FR. 6th Edition, Revised by Sir J. D. Hooxer, C.B., K.C.S.L,F.RBS., &e. 105.64. ILLUSTRATIONS OF THE BRITISH FLORA A Series of Wood Engravings, with Dissections, of British Plants. — Drawn sy W.H. FITCH, F.LS., anp W. G. SMITH, F.LS: — *\ Forming am Illustrated Companion to Bentham’s “ Handbook,” and other Erie Floras ; 4th ree with 1315 Wood Engravings, 10s. 62. _L, REBVE & CO., 6, HENRIETTA STREET, COVENT GARDEN. 7547 Vincent Brooks, Day & Son Imp MS.del, IN Fitdlith L Reeve & C? Tap. 7547. LYCORIS squamicera. Native of Japan and China. Nat. Ord. AMARYLLIDE%.—Tribe AMARYLLER. Genus Lycoris, Herb.; (Benth. & Hook.f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 627.) Lycoris syuamigera; bulbo globoso magno tunicis membranaceis brunneis, foliis vernalibus loratis obtusis viridibus flaccidis glabris, floribus umbel- latis post folia productis, scapo elongato robusto solido tereti, umbellis 4-8-floris, pedicellis brevibus, spathe valvis parvis ovato-lanceolatis Scariosis, perianthii rosei tubo subeylindrico squamis 6 truncatis ad faucem preedito, lobis oblanceolato-oblongis tubo 2-3-plo longioribus, | _ staminibus declinatis lobis paulo brevioribus, stylo exserto. | L. squamigera, Maxim. in Engl. Bot. Jahrb. vol. vi. (1835), p. 79. Baker Handb. Amaryllid. p, 40. S. Wats. in Garden & Forest, vol. iii, (1890) p. 176, fig. 832. Gard. Chron. 1897, vol. i. p. 137, fig. 38, Amaryllis Hallii, Hort. Hovey. The genus Lycoris is nearly allied to Hippeastrum, and differs from Amaryllis mainly in its seeds, which have an opaque black testa, and are more or less compressd. All the species inhabit Japan and China, whilst Amaryllis is confined to the Cape, and Hippeastrum to tropical America. The present plant in habit and the colour of its flowers much resembles Amaryllis Belladona. We have in the Kew Herbarium a cultivated specimen collected by Maximovicez near Yokohama in 1862. It is figured in the Somokou-Zusetsu, a series of coloured figures of Japanese plants in many volumes by the Japanese artist Yokoussai, under the name of Jagatara-Suisen. In consequence, _ however, of there being an English numbering of the figures, and a Japanese numbering of the folios of that work, Maximovicz cites the Japanese name of J. aurea, Vol. v. fol. 61, for his species (fol. 63). There is also a good figure of this species in the Hongo Zufu, vol. vii. fol. 34, recto. L. squamigera was introduced in a living state from China by Dr. G. Hall of Bristol, Rhode Island, and was sent out widely by Messrs. Hovey of Boston, Avaust Ist, 1897, under the name of Amaryllis Hallii. Dr. Hall had it in his garden at Shanghai before 1860, and states that it 1s often used by the Chinese to decorate their ceme- teries. Our drawing was made from plants that flowered in the Royal Gardens, Kew, in 1897. It was first received from Mr. Max Leichtlin in 1885. In 1895 a large supply of bulbs was purchased from a Japanese nurseryman, and these were planted in an open border against the south wall of a stove, where they have flourished and flowered freely. Descr.—Bulb globose, two inches in diameter; outer tunics brown, membranous. Leaves fully developed in April, lorate, obtuse, bright green, glabrous, rather fleshy, a foot and a half long, dying down at the end of summer. Peduncle developed in July, stout, solid, terete. Flowers four to eight in an umbel; pedicels short; spathe-valves two, small, ovate-lanceolate. Perianth bright pink, three or four inches long; tube subcylindrical, with six small truncate scales at its throat, just above the insertion of the stamens ; lobes oblanceolate-oblong, obtuse, spreading from above the middle. Stamens declinate, rather shorter than the perianth-limb. Ovary globose; style declinate, simple, protruded beyond the anthers.—J. G. Baker. Fig. 1, perianth-segment, with stamen, natural size; 2, front view of anther; 3, back view of anther; 4, apex of style; 5, horizontal section of ovary : all enlarged. Vinoant Brooks Day&.Son imp L Reeve & C° London. MS.del, JN Bitch beh TAB. TOT. peer GASTERIA FUSCO-PUNCTATA. Native of Cape Colony. Nat. Ord. Littace#.—Tribe ALOINES. Genus GastertA, Duval; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 775.) Gasterta fusco-punctata; breviter caulescens, foliis 20-80 dense rosulatis lanceolatis strictis brevibus viridibus maculis copiosis fuscis decoratis latere dextero duplicato-marginatis, racemis multis laxis in paniculam amplam dispositis, pedicellis brevibus cernuis, bracteis lanceolatis minutis, perianthii tubo oblongo ventricoso rubello, limbi lobis linearibus viridi tinctis, staminibus inclusis, ovario cylindrico, stylo ovario longiore. G. fusco-punctata, Baker in Jonrn. Linn. Soc. vol. xvi. p. 195; Fl. Cap. vol. vi. p. 390. This is one of the finest of all the Gasterias. In its multifarious rosette of long leaves and ample panicle it resembles G. Croucheri (Aloe Croucheri, Hook. f. in Bot. Mag. tab. 5812), but the flowers are much smaller, and the leaves conspicuously spotted with brown. It was not known to Salm-Dyck and Haworth, and it is here figured for the first time. It was discovered by Mr. Thomas Cooper about 1860, but the precise locality is not known. Our drawing was made from a plant flowered at Kew last July, which has a more compound panicle than the one which I first saw in the collection of the late Mr. Wilson Saunders at Reigate about the year 1870. In cultivation it needs the same treatment as the other members of the genus, which contains about fifty species, and is entirely restricted to the Cape. ) Descr.—Stem shortly produced below the rosette of leaves. Leaves twenty or thirty, forming a dense multi- farious rosette, lanceolate, a foot or more long, three or four inches broad low down, tapering gradually to the deltoid-cuspidate apex, very smooth, dull green, with copious irregularly scattered superficial brown spots, furnished with a conspicuous double border on the right hand side, looking upwards from the base. Peduncle with panicle three or four feet long. Racemes lax, cylindrical ; pedicels short, cernuous; bracts lanceolate, minute. Avcust Ist, 18!7. Perianth an inch long, bright pink; tube oblong, ventri- cose; lobes of the limb linear, more or less tinged with green. Stamens shorter than the perianth ; anthers oblong, small. Ovary cylindrical, trigonous; style longer than the ovary. Capsule cylindrical, nearly as long as the perianth.—J. G. Baker. Fig. 1, A flower; 2, back view of anther; 3, front view of anther; _ 4, pistil: all enlarged ; 5, whole plant, much reduced. Bugs Aes anes MS del, IN Fitch lith Vincent Brooks Day &Sonimp — L Reeve & C° London. Tas. 7548. FSP DENDROBIUM penupans. Native of the Himalaya, Nat. Ord. Orncnu1pDE#.—Tribe EPIDENDREX. Genus Denprosium, Sw. ; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol, iii. p, 498.) DenprosiuM (Stachyobium) denudans; dense cosspitosum, caulibns elongatis internodiis subpseudobulbosis foliosis, foliis deciduis lineari-oblongis- lanceolatisve apice acutis v. 2-dentatis, racemis axillaribus terminalibusque elongatis gracilibus nutantibus multifloris, sepalis e basi ovata lanceolatis acuminatis v. caudato-acuminatis, petalis angustioribus oblanceolatis, mento incurvo obtuso, labello sepalis dimidio breviore, lobis lateralibus incisis, intermedio ovato marginibus incurvis crispato-undulatis et crenato- dentatis, disco 2-lamellato. D. denndans, D. Don Prodr. Fl. Nep. p. 24. Wall. Cat. n. 2014 (partim). Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orchid 84; in Bot. Reg. 1838, Misc. p, 84, and 1844, p. 61; in Journ, Linn, Soe. vol. iii. p. 19. Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vol. v. p. 715; in Ann, Roy. Bot. Gard. Calcutt. vol. v. p. 4, t. 6. Dendrobium denudans is one of three very closely allied species, natives of the temperate regions of the Himalaya, which indicate the westernmost limit of the vast Asiatic genus to which they belong. Judging from dried specimens and drawings all three, namely, D. alpestre, Royle, D. erixflorum, Griff., and the plant here figured, are very variable in size, in the length of the raceme, and number of flowers, and in the size and coloration of the latter, from pure white, with a little purple on the lip, to a decided green. D. denudans was discovered by Dr. Wallich in Nepal in 1821. It was introduced, probably from the Khasia Hills, into the Duke of Devonshire’s garden at Chatsworth by Mr. Gibson, when collecting in India for the Duke. It flowered there in 1838, and was described by Lindley as bearing a profusion of green and white nodding racemes. In 1844 Lindley again describes it, as a species most variable in size, but always to be distinguished by the loose membranous sheaths which persist on the stem after the leaves fall off; the sepals and petals elongate, pale, yellow-white, or greenish-white, lip green, whole- coloured. Avetst lst, 1897. The same sheaths may, however, be observed in D. alpestre and erixflorum, the former of which is distinguished by its small size and erect few-fid. peduncles; and D. erizflorum, which abounds in the Khasia Mts., and is common in Sikkim, by the short scapes, and much shorter, broader, green sepals and petals. There are copious specimens of D. denudans in the Kew Herbarium from various localities, extending from Kumaon to Sikkim at elevations of 4000-5500 ft. The specimen here figured was collected on oak trees near Mussoorie in Garwhal at 5—-6000 ft. elevation, and sent to the Royal Gardens by Mr. Duthie, Director of the Bot. Dept., N. India. It flowered in September, 1896. Descr.—Stems densely tufted, four to sixteen inches long, leafy, clothed with membranous sheaths ; internodes more or less pseudobulbous. Leaves two to three inches long, linear-oblong or oblong-lanceolate, acute, or tip 2-toothed, pale green, membranous, deciduous, paler be- neath, and keeled by the midrib. Flowers in terminal and axillary very slender nodding many-fid. racemes three to six inches long; bracts lanceolate, shorter than the pedicels. Sepals spreading, lanceolate from an ovate base, subfalcate, finely acuminate, white or pale green. Petals shorter, and much narrower than the sepals, oblanceolate, white. Mentum short, incurved, tip rounded. Lip about one-third shorter than the sepals; side-lobes short, inciso-serrate, white or greenish, streaked with red; midlobe ovate, strongly recurved, sides incurved undulate, crisped and crenate, white or pale green, with — purple margins. Column entire. Anther with the margim minutely erose in front.—J. D. H. s. Fig. 1, Column and lip ; 2, column ; 3, anther; 4, pollinia :—AU/ enlarged. Vincent BrooksDay & Son hmp. _ Aa on L Reeve & O°F, AN bsgiosnnsninnge tennis Lith MS. del J.NFitch Tap. 7550, FICUS erecta, var. SIEBOLDII. Native of Japan. Nat. Ord. Urnticez.—Tribe ARTOCARPE. Genus Ficus, Linn. ; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 367.) Ficus erecta var. Sieboldii; frutex v. arbuscula, ramulis glabris puberulisve, foliis lineari-oblongis-lanceolatisve acuminatis integris v. hic illic lobula- tis basi rotundatis truncatis cordatisve supra glabris subtus puberulis v. asperulis, stipulis ovatis acuminatis, receptaculis solitariis geminisve longe pedunculatis globoso-pyriformibus coloratis in stipitem elongatum basi contractis, bracteis ad basin stipitis 3 minutis triangulari-ovatis, fl. mase. in eodem receptaculo cum galliparis subsessilibus 1-3-andris, sepalis 3 lanceolatis acuminatis, fi. fertil. subsessilibus, sepalis 4, stylo crassiusculo, stigmate 2-lobo. F. erecta, Thunb. Diss. Ficus, p. 9; in Trans. Linn. Soe. vol. ii. p. 327, King, Annals Bot. Gard. Caleutt. vol. i. p. 141, t. 178. Var. Sieboldii, King, J. c. p. 142, t. 178, f. B. : F. Sieboldii, Miguel, Ann. Mus. Bot. Iugd. Bat. vol. ii. p. 199, et iii, p. 295- Maxim. in Bull, Acad. Petersb. vol. xi. p. 327. According to Dr. King’s account of Ficus erecta in his invaluable monograph of the Eastern Asiatic Figs, it is an extraordinarily variable plant, and but for the evidence he adduces it would be difficult to believe that the forms he fizures belong to one and the same species. In habit F. erecta varies from a shrub to a small tree, with nearly glabrous, pubescent, or almost strigose branchlets, leaves and receptacles. The leaves vary from broadly ovate, obovate, elliptic, or subrhomboid, to the narrow form of those of var. Sieboldii, and are quite entire, or here and there lobulate, or rather coarsely toothed above the middle. The receptacles are solitary, or in pairs, glabrous or hispidulous, peduncled or subsessile on the branchilets, either globose and not stalked, or pyriform and narrowed into a long stalk. Of F’. erecta Dr. King makes 2 varieties, namely— Var. Beecheyana, King (I. Beecheyana, Hook. et Arn. Bot. Beech. Voy. p. 271), a native of Japan, Formosa, Aveust Ist, 1897, and Hong Kong, of which specimens in Kew Herbarium from the Loo Choo Islands have leaves ten inches long by two and a half inches broad, and fruits two-thirds of an inch in diameter. Var. Sieboldii, King, of which there are two subvarieties : | a Japanese, that here figured ; and one (which I have not seen) from the Sikkim Himalaya, and Khasia Hills in Bengal, with the leaves hispidly hairy beneath. The specimens of var. Sieboldii here figured are from a large bush in the Temperate House of the Royal Gardens, received in 1878 from the late Dr. Schomburg, Director of the Adelaide Botanical Gardens, and which fruits in the summer months. Deser. of var. Sieboldit,—A bush or small tree, glabrous, ‘or with the branchlets and leaves slightly hairy. Leaves six to eight inches long, linear- or oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, thin, smooth or slightly scabrid, dark green above, entire, or rarely with a lobe on one or both margins ; base rounded, cuneate, or cordate, and three to five-nerved. Fruit solitary or binate, long-peduncled, half an inch in diameter, globosely pyriform, narrowed into a peduncle as long as itself, yellow and red. Peduncle one and a half inches long, green, with 3 minute bracts at the top.— pipes 6 Fig. 1, Vertical section of fruit ; 2, female f.; 3, ovary :—All enlarged, L Reeve & C° London. N Fitch hth Tas. 7551, CYNORCHIS purrurascens. Native of the Mascarene Islands. Nat. Ord. Orcuipraz.—Tribe OrpurYpDExX. Genus Cynorcuts, Thou.; (Benth. & Hook.f. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 628.) CYNoRCHIS purpurascens; tuberibus cylindraceis, folio solitario (v. 2, unico parvo) sessili lanceolato v. lineari-oblongo acuminato 7-© nervi basi convoluto vagina brunnea truncata appressa instructo, nervulis trabeculatis, scapo 2-10-floro medio vaginato, bracteis lanceolatis setaceo- acuminatis haud inflatis, ovario gracili 2-pollicari sparse glanduloso- piloso, sepalis concavis, dersali hemispherico roseo, lateralibus duplo majoribus oblongis apice rotundatis viridibus, petalis erectis oblongo- lanceolatis obtusis inzequilateralibus roseis, labelli ampli rosei ungue lato lobis lateralibus dimidiato-ovatis, intermedio obovato lateralibus paullo longiore ad medium bifido, calcare labio squilongo apice fusiforme, clinandrio reclinato, rostello decurvo, anthers tubulis rostello longioribus, loculis dorso ad basin column affixis, polliniarum candiculis filiformibus. asag purpurascens, Lindl. Gen. § Sp. Orchid. 331, Baker Fl. Maurit. p. 337. ; C. Lowiana, Reichb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1888, vol. i. p. 424. CYNosoRCHIs purpurascens, Thou. Orch. Ins. Afric. Ic, t. 15; tab. 8, p. 1 purpurea), Gymnadenia purpurascens, 4. Rich. in Mem. Hist. Nat. Par. vol. iv. (1828) p. 27, t. 6, f. 1. (anal. erron.) Bojer, Hort. Maurit, p. 311. The genus Cynorchis is so closely allied to Habenaria that it appears to me to be doubtful how far it may prove to be distinguishable when the latter genus shall be either dismembered or divided into stable groups. The character chiefly depended on for Cynorchis is the large complicate midlobe (so called) of the 3-lobed rostellum, which organ, in the species here figured, does not well answer to this description, for what I take to be the side-lobes of the rostellum I should refer to the sides of the column, the true rostellum being a triangular, decurved and concave, but not plicate body. A more important dis- tinction from Habenaria may prove to be the reclinate clinandrium, with the pollen-cells placed at the very base of the back of the column. ‘To understand, however, the complicate nature of the latter organ in (. purpurascens, it is necessary to refer to the analyses here given, which Avaust Ist, 1897. are explained in the reference ‘to ‘the plate at the end of | the description. ‘he apex of the column (e in figs. 3 — and 4) varies greatly in length, in one specimen I found © it produced into a spur-at the back of the column. — re ‘C. purpurascens isa native of Madagascar, Bourbon, and formerly of the Mauritius, where it is probably now ex- tinct. It varies greatly in stature, robustness, breadth of leaf, and number of flowers, from two to ten; and inthe. size of these, to somewhat larger, or a third smaller than are those here represented. ‘The specimen figured was procured by the Royal Gardens, Kew, from Messrs. Hugh — Low & Co. in 1894. It flowered in a stove in November, 1896. It was described as C. Lowtana eight years pre- — viously by Reichenbach, but Mr. Rolfe has pomted out its identity with the plant of Thouars, figured in 1822. Deser.—Leaf solitary (or with a reduced second), six to eight inches long, by one to three broad, lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, finely acuminate, seven to many-nerved ; base convolute, and wrapped in a cylindric, red-brown, truncate sheath. Peduncle stout or slender, six to ten inches long, with a lanceolate sheath, red-brown, two to ten-flowered ; bracts about an inch long, erect, lanceolate, tip setaceous. Ovary with the very short pedicel two inches long, slender, curved, sparsely glandular-hairy. Sepals membranous ; dorsal about a quarter of an inch long, galeate, hemispheric, green and red; lateral half an inch long, oblong, concave, obtuse, pale green. Petals as long as the dorsal sepal, and connivimg with it, ovate- lanceolate, obtuse, unequal sided, rose-colrd. 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THE POTAMOGETONS © (POND WEEDS) OF THE BRETIS ISLES. “e. Waisth DESCRIPTIONS OF ALL THE SPECIES, Varrerins, AND ‘Hyerivs, By ALFRED FRYER. ‘Illustrated by ROBERT MORGAN, F-.L.S. “The object of this work is to supply a iong-needed set of good and reliable Illus: - - trations of British Potamogetons. Both Descriptions and ‘Illustrations will include | the varying forms, and states as well as the generally reco ized species. The _ Synonymy, though noi aiming at absolate completeness, wi 1 be ample for all aoa purposes. An attempt will be made towards a natural arrangement of the species fonnded on the changes of form in their progressive stages of gr owth rather than on the comparatively limited distinctions afforded by the pies iT ustrations of oe ‘which will form a special feature. : nUatons work will be issued in 15 monthly parts : prospectus on application, : ee Si Gi ee ~~ Now ready, price 2s. 6d. -INSS LAR FLORAS. A Lecture deliverra by Sm J. D, HOOKER, C.B., before the British Association ss a the SATE RAO ORE of Seience at Nottingham, August 27, 1866. S New oe » Second Edition. _BANDBOOK OF BRITISH MOSSES, = Containing all that are known:to be natives of the British Isles. : Pas the Rev, M.. a: BUSERERY, feichs s beck a4 Coloured Plates, 2Es, ” : Now realy, complete a roy Ato, oe ne chen a in half moroced, ; ‘forms a ica: sia aiotn volume of heiwenail 300 and. 400 prow 60 Plate i F. W. FROW BAWK, ype 24 any coloured by _ ; "HANDBOOK OF THE BRITISH FLORA: A Describtion of the Flowering Plants and Ferns Indigenous: ; to or Naturalized in the British /sles. Br GEORGE BENTHAM, F.RS: 6th Edition, Revised by Sir J. D. Hooxgr, 0.B., K.C.S.L, F. BS, he 10s. 6d. ILLUSTRATIONS OF THE BRITISH FLORA, A Series of Wood Engravings, with Dissections, of British Pl at. DEawn By W.H. FITCH, E.L, oa AND Ww. G. bee PL : a ae L, REEVE & OB 6, pert pee TITK i. .ttip, Vincent Brocks,Day & Sor MS.del, JIN-Fitch hth. Sii/) Uy yale | TENN ae Se = ZN — G k WR ai EU fiz SS ) b \\fioN S 9 1 be [Za typ, \ Uh g Y/ \ S op me fd (77 [ISS fiz '\ : : \} \ \ fp It Paae = ati if i KN — a - y i Wie {} y y, fi i ome Vip cS el. i Whe i oe f Y, | } ne z Vy Ty. NA : SA/, Bin HA le = PF PVA / — — 2S fF we \VSer man — Fre EHH 12 ' > = Of ‘te > y Jf *, AS iN I LA AB f AX ' I, - t hs t) x " if yy J <4 Aj q hy y f p NS 5 VY 4 J \/ AN NS? //j } ¥ } Py \a NY ¢ \ a ev //1) z \ 2 a R As 1¥ i \ ee f i >, . x‘ é * rf \ ct : 1 it wy Bade ¥ ‘ } WA 4 Yi Ve Ws s ao iu ae ge a SF pS wh 3 < ye M.S. del. JN Fitch lith. VincentBrooks Day & Son Imp Tass. 7552, 7558. SCHEELEA KEWENSIS. Native of tropical America. Nat. Ord. PatME&.—Tribe CocoInEa. tenus ScHeEEa, Karst.; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen, Plant. vol. iii. p. 947.) ScHEELEA kewensis; trunco robusto obscure annulato infra folia basibus petiolorum vetustoram onusto, foliis 25-pedalibus breviter petiolatis patenti-recurvis pinnatisectis, segmentis decurvis 2}—3-pedalibus 1-13 poll. latis ad basin versus rachi subsolitariis medio subternis apicem versus subquaternis longe acuminatis basi incrassatis supra carinatis laete viridibus subtus pallidioribus, nervis obscuris, rachi valida pentagona dorso rotundata appresse purpuracea, floribus in spathis diversis monoici, spathis 2} pedalibus breviter crasse pedunculatis erectis cymbiformibus rostratis fuscis lignosis, spadicibus simpliciter ramosis, masc. Yamis densissime fasciculatis 4—6-pollicaribus strictis deflexis, rachibus flavis ad basin floriferis, floribus confertis, sepalis minutis ovatis, petalis elongato-cylindraceis apice rotundatis fere 3 poll. longis purpnreis, staminibus 6, filamentis equilongis anthera lineari brevioribus ; fl. fem. quam masc. multo majoribus subsessilibus ovoideis, bracteola lanceolata paucidentata suffultis, sepalis ovatis obtusis crassis, petalis paullo latioribus, disco cupulari, stylo crasso, stigmatibus brevibus recurvis, fructu 3 poll. longo, ovoideo breviter crasse rostrato basi disco sepalis petalisque valde auctis vaginato abortu 1-spermo. The larger Palms so rarely produce flower, and still more rarely fruit in our tropical Palm Houses, that it appears to me expedient to figure such as fulfil these con- ditions in the Royal Gardens, Kew, even when, as in this case, I am unable to identify them specifically. That the Palm here figured belongs to the genus Scheelea, which was founded by Karsten on the species of Mawimiliana, ‘Mart., with long narrow petals, is obvious. A _ near congener is S. Princeps, Karst., in Linngwa, vol. xxviii. p- 269 (Attalea Princeps, Mart., Palmet., Orbign., p. 118, t. 31), in which, besides other differences, the fruit is not beaked. It has flowered but once, when it produced two spathes, the lower male (of which the pollen was kept) in August, 1895, and the upper female (to which the pollen was applied) in the following October. The fruit did not completely ripen. | SzrremBeR Ist, 1897, As regards the history of this fine Palm, which has been for many years growing in the Palm House of Kew, I can throw no further light than that it has always borne the erroneous name of Mawimiliana regia, and is hence, no doubt, one of three plants so called in J. Smith’s “ Records of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew,” for which he gives as their origin, ‘“‘ex Hort. Belg. Van Houtte, 1847; Demerara, Schomburg and Boughton, 1847; Para, Yates, 1847, The only other remark on this subject is at p. 111 of the same work, where (writing in (1880) the author says, under M. regia, “similar in habit and mode of growth to Atialea amygdalina, plants with leaves ten feet in length.” Descr.—W hole plant twenty-five ft. high from the ground to the level of the coma; trunk from the ground about eight ft. to the lower leaves, three ft. in girth, dark brown, or nearly black, clothed with the bases of old petioles. Leaves very many, spreading and decurved, twenty-five feet long, very shortly petioled; leaflets s crowded, in three ranks, Spreading and decurved, with pendulous tips, solitary towards the base of the rachis, in threes to fives towards the middle, and solitary near the top, about three feet long, by one to one and a half in. broad, finely acuminate, base thickened, bright green, convex and keeled above, pale beneath ; rachis stout, five- angled, about an inch broad in the middle part, dorsally rounded and clothed with a fine closely appressed grey- purple scurf, sides flat green, upper surface concave bright green, with acute edges and a median low ridge. Spathes two, unisexual, (? always), in the axils of the leaves, an upper fem. and lower male, shortly stoutly peduncled, two and a half feet long, cymbiform, shortly Stoutly beaked, woody, yellow-brown. Male spadi eighteen inches long, erect, densely clothed with strict, deflexed fascicled branches, the rachis and racheole of which are bright yellow, the flowers a bright vinous purple; male fl. crowded on the branches of the spadix sessile, nearly half an inch long. Sepals minute, ovate. Petals many times longer, cylindric, rugulose, tip rounded. Stamens three, anthers about half the length of the petals, | and twice as long as their filaments. Fem. fl. much larger than the male, very shortly stoutly pedicelled, ovoid, yellow, each with a lanceolate, more or less serrate bract as long as itself. Sepals broadly ovate, obtuse, fleshy. Petals shorter, broader. Disk fleshy. Style very stout, stigmas short, recurved. Fruit three in. long, elongate-ovoid, beaked, 1-seeded, surrounded at the base by the greatly enlarged sepals, petals, and disk.—J. D. H. Tab. 7552, Portion of rachis of leaf and leaflet of nat. size ; 2, male spathe and spadix one-third nat. size; 3, branch of do. nat. size; 4, male fl; 5, stamens; 6 and 7, front and back view of single stamen :—AJ/ enlarged. Tab. 7553, Reduced fig. of whole plant; fig. 1, fem. fl. and bract; 2, the same, side view; 3, fem. petals style and stigma; 4, disk with ovary; al/ enlarged.—5, two fruits; 6, transverse, and 7, longitudinal section of fruit ; 8, seed ; 9, embryo :—A/l of nat. size. MSdel JN Fitchith TL.Reeve & C° Landon. Tas. 7554. CIRRHOPETALUM Cortisu. Native of the Straits of Malacca. Nat. Ord. OncHIpEHZ.—Tribe EPIDENDRES. Genus CrrrHopetaLum, Lindl. ; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 504.) CIRRHOPETALUM (Umbellate) Curtisii ; rhizomate elongato repente, pseudo- bulbis parvis ovoideis vaginis brunneis tectis, folio lineari-oblongo apice subacuto recurvo utrinque pallide viridi dorso vix carinato, scapo a basi pseudobulbi erecto gracili infra medium vaginis. paucis parvis instructo, floribus vix 3 ie longis confertim umbellatis deflexis roseis, bracteis setaceis, pedicellis foribus brevioribus, sepalo dorsali fere orbiculari ciliato apice longe aristato, arista ciliata, lateralibus lineari-oblongis obtusis ultra basin in laminam late oblongam recurvam convexam coherentibus, petalis sepalum dorsale equantibus longe ciliatis, labello ovato-oblongo obtuso aurantiaco, columna apice truncata sublobata. Cirrhopetalum Curtisit belongs to a very distinct section of the umbellate flowered species of the genus, charac- terized by the ciliate and awned dorsal sepal and _ petals. The only species of this section previously figured in this work is 0. Oumingii, Lindl. (Tab. 4996) of the Philippine Islds., a much larger plant, with long, narrow, acuminate lateral sepals. There are, however, three described Indian species much more closely allied to C. Curtisti, namely, C. Rowxburghii, Lindl. (Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 1057 A), C. gamosepalum, Griff. (Ann. Bot. Gard. Calcutt. vol. v. p. 17, t. 26), and 0. concinnum, Hk. f. (Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 2060 B), all which differ in the colour of the flowers, and except in the case of the last named species, in their much larger size. To these must be added an unpublished species, C. pulchellum Ridley mss. in Herb. Kew, from Singapur, with smaller, broadly ovoid pseudobulbs, fewer differently coloured flowers in the umbel, and longer lateral sepals than has O. Curtisir. QO. Curtisti. was sent to the Royal Gardens i 1895, by Mr. Curtis, F.L.S., Superintendent of eaten and Forest Department, Penang, bearing the ticket “ OCirrhopetalum, Sp. Panga” (perhaps the Island of SEPTEMBER lst, 1897. Panyang on the coast of Malacca). It flowered in a stove of the Royal Gardens in December, 1896. Descr.—Rhizome flexuous, about one-eighth of an inch in diameter, clothed with appressed brown scales. Pseudo- bulbs about an inch apart, two-thirds of an inch long, ovoid, green, clothed with brown sheaths. Leaf four to four and a half inches long, by nearly an inch broad, linear-oblong, tip subacute recurved, very coriaceous, yellowish green on both surfaces, midrib sunk above, hardly keeled beneath, Scapes solitary from the base of the pseudobulbs, three to four inches long, very slender, decurved, pale green, with a few small scattered sheaths tipped with brown below the middle. Flowers numerous, in a crowded umbel, hardly half an inch long, dorsal sepal and petals bright rose-colrd., lateral sepals paler, fading into white beyond the middle; lip bright yellow. Dorsal sepals and petals very small, of nearly equal size, sub- orbicular, long-ciliate, tip of dorsal sepal long-awned, awn ciliate, about one-third of an inch long. Lateral sepals linear-oblong, obtuse, coherent from beyond the base into a very convex, broadly oblong, recurved blade, notched at the rounded tip. Lip ovate-oblong, recurved, grooved down the centre. Column truncate, tip obscurely lobed.—J. D. H. Fig. 1, Flower seen in front ; 2, the same from the side; 3, petal; 4, column and lip; 5, anther ; 6, pollinia :—AJI enlarged. 7535 MS del, J NFitch lth Vincent Brooks Day &Sonimp L Reeve & C2 Landon Tas. 7555. HELIANTHUS GIGANTEUS. Native of North America. Nat. Ord. Composira.—Tribe HELIANTHOIDER, Genus Hetiantuvs, Linn. ; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 376.) Hewiantaus giganteus ; 6-10-pedalis, asperulus, superne ramosus, rhizomate repente radicibus incrassatis, foliis alternis sessilibus v. breviter petiolatis lanceolatis oblongo-lanceolatisve acuminatis basi angustatis serratis subserratisve penninerviis, capitulis 23-33 poll. latis subcorymbosis, involucri bracteis subzqualibus lineari-lanceolatis acuminatis laxe appressis hispidis, receptaculi squamis dorso pubescentibus, radii ligulis 15-20, 1-13 pollicaribus, fl. disci aureis glaberrimis. H. giganteus, Linn. Sp. Pl. 905. Ait. Hort. Kew, vol. ii. p. 409. DC. Prodr. vol, v. p. 589. Torr. & Gray Fl. N. Amer. vol. ii. p. 325 (excl. var. B). Hook. Fl. Bor. Am, vol. i. p. 312. A. Gray, Bot. N. Un. St. Ed. 5, p. 256; Synopt. Fl. N. Am.; Gamopet. p. 276. H. altissimus, Linn. Sp. Pl. Ed. 2, vol. ii. p. 1278. Jacq. Hort. Vind. t. 162. H. gigas, Michw. Fl. Bor. Am. vol. ii. p. 141. H. fol. lanceolat. sessil., Gronov. Fl. Virgin. p. 104. Chrysanthemum virginicum elatius, &c. Pluk. Phytog. pars. iii. t. 159, f. 5, et Almagest. p. 99, t. 159, f. 5. C. virginicum altiss., &. Morison Plant. Hist. vol. iii. p. 24, t. 7, f. 66, 67. Helianthus giganteus is a very old inhabitant of such English gardens as were devoted to the cultivation of exotic plants. The earliest mention of it that I have found is in Plukenett’s ‘‘ Phytographia,” published in 1692; and it is included by Morison in his “ Plantarum Historia Universalis Oxoniensis,” published in 1699, but who does not state whether it was then cultivated in England. _ Gronovius, in his account of the plants collected by J. Clay- ton, who went to Virginia in 1705, gives a terse diagnosis of it; and its introduction was possibly due to Clayton, for Aiton states that it was cultivated in 1714 by the Duchess of Beaufort. In North America it has a very wide range, from the St. Lawrence to Louisiana, and in the West from the Red River and Saskatchewan southward. It so strongly resembles H. tuberosus (Tab. 7545), having similar roots, that a low northern form, the “ Indian Potato of the Asiniboine tribe”’ has been confounded with SEPTEMBER Ist, 1897. that plant, which differs in the broader leaves, the lower opposite, the longer petioles, and the loose invol. bracts. H. giganteus has been cultivated in the Royal Gardens probably from their first establishment, but the specimen here figured was from the rich Herbaceous collection of A. B. Freeman Mitford, C.B., of Batsford Park, Moreton- in-Marsh, Worcestershire. It flowers in September. Descr.—Rootstock creeping, with fusiform cylindric roots. Stem three to ten feet high, strict, erect, red-brown, sub- corymbosely branched, and more or less hispidly hairy above, more glabrous beneath. Leaves three to five inches long, alternate, subsessile, lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, acumi- nate, serrate or nearly entire, penni-nerved, base cuneate, pale green, sparsely hispidulous above, more so beneath. Heads two and a half to three and a half inches broad. Involueral bracts linear-lanceolate, finely acuminate, loosely imbricate, dark green, hispid. Bracteoles of receptacle with entire acute pubescent tips. Flowers of the ray fifteen to twenty ; ligule about an inch long, elliptic-lanceolate, rather pale yellow, tips acute, entire. Disk flowers narrow, puberulous, rather darker yellow than the ray.—J. D. H. Fig. 1, Involucral bracts; 2, achene and base of ray-flower; 3, scale of receptacle; 4, flower of disk; 5, stamens; 6, arms of style :—all enlarged; 7, reduced view of whole plant. 7356 LR, ; a Ter : : S.del, JN Fitch. Vincent Brooks,Day& Sonimp. ie L. Reeve C? Londan Tas. 7556. VERONICA Batrouriana. Native of New Zealand. Nat. Ord. ScropHULARINE#.—Tribe DiGITaLE”, Genus Veronica, Linn.; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 964.) Veronica (Hebe) Balfouriana; frutex erectus, ramosus, flexuosus, fere glaberrimus ramulis, fusco-purpureis, foliis laxe approximatis uniformi- bas ad $ poll. longis subsessilibus patentibus et decurvis elliptico-ovatis integerrimis obtusiusculis acut. coriaceis late viridibus rubro-fusco mar- inatis, racemis axillaribus pedunculatis multi-densi-floris, bracteis pedicellos subzquantibus oblongis obtusis calycibusque puberulis, sepalis oblongo-lanceolatis acutis tubum corolle subequantibus, corolla 3 poll. diam. violaceze tubo brevi, lobis rotundatis antico minore, filamentis lobos corolle subsequantibus, antheris fusco-ruabris loculis basi rotundatis, cap- sula parva late ellipsoidea sepalis longiore. Under Veronica diosmefolia (Tab. 7444) I have alluded to having drawings of at least six species or varieties of | Veronicas raised from New Zealand seeds at the Royal Botanical Gardens of Edinburgh, which I was unable to identify with described congeners. ‘These and other drawings I sent to my friend, Mr. Thomas Kirk, F.L.S., Wellington, N.Z., who is engaged upon a Flora of New Zealand, in the hopes that he might aid me in determining them. This he did in the case of some, but for others, including that here figured, he could give me no name. Of it he says, ‘“‘ Apparently new, the acuminate calyx- segments, and the large corolla, with equal broad seg- - ments, are striking characters. Although showing affinity with V. Traversii, it can hardly be a form of that species.” Comparing specimens of V. Balfouriana and Traversit as they grew alongside one another in my garden near Sunningdale, I find that Balfouriana differs in habit, not tending to form a rounded bush, in the smaller, paler green leaves, with red-brown margins, the longer racemes with very much larger violet (not white) flowers, in the long acuminate sepals, which are nearly as long as the short corolla tube and as the capsule, and in the obtuse bases of the cells of the shorter broader red-brown anthers. I regret to add that V. Traversii is much the hardier of SepreMBER Isr, 1897. the two, it having (with some damage, however) resisted the effects of the coldest winters, to one of which JV. Balfouriana succumbed. The figure is from a plant that flowered on a rockery in my garden in June, 1895. It was received in the previous year from the Royal Botanic Garden of Edinburgh. In the Royal Gardens, Kew, it has proved quite hardy. . Descr.—An erect, glabrous shrub, three feet high, with dark brown bark and suberect flexuous purpli brown or reddish branches. eaves subsessile, one half to three- fourths of an inch long, in loosely approximate pairs, — spreading and decurved, elliptic-ovate, obtuse or subacute, quite entire, coriaceous, bright pale green and shining above, with narrow brown margins. ftacemes opposite, axillary from the base of the last year’s shoots, two to three inches long, erecto-patent, very many-fid., peduncle stout ; flowers crowded; pedicels about as long as the calyx, puberulous; bracts ovate, acute or obtuse, about as long as the pedicel. Sepals about one-sixth of an inch long, obtuse or acute, ciliolate. Corolla pale violet-blue, half an inch in diameter, tube as long as the sepals; lobes rounded, three upper subequal, the lower narrower. Stamens as long as the corolla lobes or shorter ; anthers red-brown, bases of cells rounded. Capsule ellipsoid, about one-third longer than the sepals or less.—J. D. H. Fig. 1, Flower, pedicel and bract; 2, pedicel, bract, calyx and style ; ) 3 and 4, anthers ; 5, ovary and disk :—A/l enlarged, Oo a *. 2 ee eee “LE Raa sat ae eae ee BRITISH, COLONIAL, AND FOREIGN FLORAS. HANDBOOK of the BRITISH FLORA ; a Description of the Flowering Plants and Ferns indigenous to, or naturalized in the Britiah -.. Isles, “For the use of Beginners and Amateurs. By Gxoror BrytaaM, soa Se F.R.S. 6th Edition, revised by Sir J. D. Hooker. - Crown'8yo, 10s. 6d. ILLUSTRATIONS of the BRITISH FLORA ;.a Series of Wood , Engravings, with Dissections, of British Plants, from Drawings by W. H. - Firen, F.L.8.,and W. G. 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PREPARING FOR IMMEDIATE PUBLICATION. THE. POTAMOGETONS (POND WEEDS) OF THE BRIFISH ISLES: rE Wr ITH DESCRIPTIONS OF ALL THE SPECIES, VARIETIES, “AND liv sive. aby ‘ALFRED. FRYER. Tlustrated . by ROBERT ‘MORGAN, a: LS. The object of this work \ isto” snpply e. long-nectied. get of good snd eliable Illus. ; »: trations of British Potamogetons. — Both Descriptions and. iba nea ined ii elude : _ the varying forms and states as. well as the generally reeogr p S : ‘Synonymy, though not aiming at absolute completeness, _working purposes, ‘An attempt will be made towards a natural “species founded on the changes of form in their progressive sta than on the comparatively: limited distinctions afforded ayhe fruit, i ‘which will form a special feature. ‘The work will he issued i in 15 tobthiy ae: ecieetta on spptionaaae & | Now ready, price 23, 6d, INSULAR FLORAS. A ‘Lecture delivered by Siz J. D. HOOKER, €:B., before the British Association for the advancement of Stience ai Nottingham, August 27, 1866, Now ready, Second Edition. N DBOOK ‘OF BRITISH MOSSES, Containing all that are known to be natives of the British Isles. i Winches” in Noein By ARTHUR G. BUTLER, PhD., F.LS., F.28,, FES, “The. whole forms a large and handsome volume of between 300 and 400 98, With 60 + FLW. FPROWRAWK, oe coloared oy hand, ; “HANDBOOK OF THE BRITISH ‘FLORA: 4 Description of the Flowering Plants and Ferns Indigenous to or Naturalised in the British Isles, ae - By. GEORGE BENTHAM, FRS. 6th Sey Revised by Sir J. D. steers B., K.CS. a F. RS. he 7587, 4 Vincent Brocks,Day & Son Imp. M S.del, JN Fitdulith. TAB. 7557. CIRRHOPETALUM roststum, Native of New Guinea. Nat. Ord. OrcuipEs#.—Tribe EriIpENDRES. Genus CrrrHopeTatum, Lindl.; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iti. p. 504.) CrrrHoPrTatuMm (Racemose) vobustwm; grande, pseudobulbis ccespitosis 3-pollicaribus ovoideis alte costatis, folio 8-10-pollicari oblanceolato crasse carnoso, pedunculo pseudobulbo breviore crasso ascendente, racemo breve dense-multi-floro, bracteis 3-poll longis oblongis acuminatis reflexis pallide viridibus, pedicellis robustis, floribus 3 poll. longis, sepalis flavo- viridibus basin versus pallide rufescentibus dorsali pollicari_ oblongo cuspidato, lateralibus 2-pollicaribus lineari-oblongis obtusis ad apicem fere coherentibus, petalis oblongis cuspidatis, labello sanguineo glaber- rimo, columna aurea 2-cornuta. C. robustum, Rolfe in Orchid, Rev. vol. i. (1893), p. 175. Masters in Gard. Chron. 1895, vol. i. p. 771. : C. graveolens, Bailey, Contrib. Queensl. Flor. Bullet. xiii. (1896) p. 33. Orchid. Rev. vol. iv. (1896) p. 308. Kew Bullet. 1896, App. ii. p. 48. Cirrhopetalum robustum, though by far the largest, and a truly massive species, departs in no respects from the genus in any character. It belongs to the group in which the inflorescence is truly racemose, and its nearest ally known to me is the comparatively dwarf C. refractum, Zoll., figured in King’s “Annals of the Calcutta Bot. Gardens,” vol. v. t. 28, and vol. viii. t. 119, a native of the Himalaya, Tenasserim Mts., and Java. Besides the enormous difference in size, C. refractum is distinguished, amongst other characters, by the membranous leaves, lanceolate and ciliate dorsal sepal and petals, and the long, slender, decurved spurs of the column. C. robustum was discovered in British New Guinea by Sir W. Macgregor, K.C.M.G., the Governor and inde- fatigable explorer of that great island; and plants from thence were brought to the late Colonel Trevor Clarke, of Walton Place, Daventry, by his nephew, Captain Clarke. These flowered in March, 1893, and were described by Mr. Rolfe under the name of C. robustum. In 1896 the same plant was described by Mr. Bailey, Government October Ist, 1897, Botanist of Queensland, as C. graveolens, also from Sir W. MacGregor’s specimens. Mr. Bailey observed that flies are attracted by the strong, heavy scent of the flowers, and, being entrapped between the lip and column, perish there. The specimen here represented was presented to the Royal Gardens, Kew, by Col. Clarke, in 1893. It flowered in a tropical house in March, 1897, producing five racemes. : Descr.—Rootstock stout, woody. Pseudobulbs clustered, two to three inches long, ovoid, compressed, green, with two keels and four strong, dorsally rounded ribs, quite smooth. Leaf solitary, eight to twelve inches long, by three to three and a half broad, oblanceolate, acuminate, narrowed into a very short, stout, cylindric petiole, thickly coriaceous, bright green and nerveless above; beneath paler, mottled with minute darker spots, bearing a stout, rounded midrib, and several pairs of slender nerves. Peduncele ascending from the base of the pseudobulb, three inches long, as thick as a goose-quill. green, with one or _ two short ribbed green sheaths. acemes an inch long, many-fid.; rachis stout; bracts one half to three-fourths of an inch long, oblong, acute, membranous, spreading and - reflexed ; pedicels stout, with the ovary one to one and a half inch long. Flowers three inches long from the ~ tip of the suberect dorsal sepal to those of the lateral. Sepals yellow green, suffused or streaked with rose to- © wards the base; dorsal oblong, cuspidate, concave, seven- nerved ; lateral two inches long, linear-oblong, coherent beyond their divergent bases, tips free, rounded. Petals oblong, cuspidate, yellow, suffused with pale rose. Inp nearly half an inch long, ovate-oblong, obtuse, fleshy, recurved, blood-red, smooth, with a central furrow, and two keels towards the pubescent base. Column short, stout, yellow, with short, stout, recurved arms.—J. D. H. Fig. 1, Petal; 2, lip and column; 3, anther; 4, pollinia -—AU/ enlarged. ro) Von) Nd Cs Vincent Brooks Day& San Imp: M S.del. IN Fitch lith 1, Ramet. 70 TS Tas.o7pos. AGAVE Bovucuett. Native of Mewico, Nat. Ord. AMARYLLIDEZ.—Tribe AGAVE. Genus Acaveg, Linn. ; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 738.) Agave (Litteea) Bouchet; candice brevi cylindrico polycarpico, foliis 30-40 dense rosulatis oblongo-lanceolatis facie concavis adultis utrinque viridi- bus junioribus leviter glaucescentibus spina brevi vix pungente terminatis, -spinnlis marginalibus crebris minutis deltoideis castaneis, pedunculo valido brevi, Horibus geminis in spicam densam aggregatis, bracteis linearibus elongatis, bracteolis parvis deltoideis, ovario oblongo, perianthii tubo brevi late infundibulari, lobis oblongis, filamentis lobis quadruplo longioribus, antheris linearibus, fructu parvo oblongo. A. Bouchei, Jacobi, Monogr. Agave, p. 120. ‘Baker in Gard. Chron. 1877, p- 717; Handb. Amaryllid. p. 191. This Agave is one of the few species that have a firm, woody trunk, and do not die after flowering. It belongs to the group called Carnoso-coriacex, in which the leaves are less rigid and more fleshy than in the best-known species of the genus, such as A. americana and rigida, and which are much less frequent in cultivation. The present plant was introduced into the Berlin Botanic Garden in 1861, and after it had flowered in 1864 was named by General Jacobi in compliment to Inspector Bouché. It has been in the Royal Garden at Kew for at least twenty years, but has never flowered till the summer of 1896. _ Descr.—Peduncle stout, woody, polycarpic, nearly as ong as the leaves, bearing in the Kew plant, two rosettes _ leaves crowded at its apex. Leaves thirty or forty ina dense rosette, oblong-lanceolate, rather fleshy in texture, a foot and a half or two feet long, three or four inches broad at the middle, concave all down the face, a sixth of an inch thick in the centre, green on both surfaces when mature, slightly glaucous when young; end spine short and weak; marginal teeth very small, crowded, deltoid, red-brown. Peduncle short and stout. Spike dense, two feet long in the Kew plant ; flowers in pairs, subtended by a long bract, and a pair of small bracteoles. Perianth OcroBeR Ist, 1897. greenish-yellow, an inch and a half long, including the ovary; tube short ; lobes of the limb oblong. Stamens inserted at the throat of the perianth-tube, two inches long; anthers linear, half an inch long. Style finally overtopping the anthers. Capsule small, oblong.—J. G. — Baker. Fig. 1, Back view of anther ; 2, front view of anther; 3, apex of style, | all enlarged ; 4, whole plant, much reduced, ; ict cainitieieaaaas a T559. Vincent Brocks Day & Son imp, L. Reeve & C? Landan. a alias me masa t Jith M 3.del.J.NFi Dap. 7639. PRIMULA singnsts. Native of China, Nat. Ord. PrimuLacem.—Tribe PRIMULE. Genus Primvna, Linn. ; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 631.) Primvta sinensis, Sabine ex Lindl. Coll. Bot. t. 7. Hook, Erot. Flora, t. 105. Bot. Mag. t. 2564. Hance in Journ. Bot. N. 8. vol. ix. (1889) p- 262. Gard. Chron. 1889, vol. i. p. 115, fig. 16; 1890, vol. ii. p. 564, fig. 119 ; 1891, vol. i. p. 209; 1892, vol. i. p. 13, fig. 2. Hemsl. § Forbes in Journ. Linn. Soc. vol. xxvi. (1889) p. 42. Sutton in Journ. Hort. Soc. vol, xiii. (1891) p. 99. P. prenitens, Ker-Gawl. in Bot, Reg. t. 539 (1821). P. setulosa, Kickx f..in Mem. Soc. Linn. Par. vol. iv. (1826) p. 31, t. 3. P. semperflorens, Loisel ew Steud. Nomencl. Ed. 2, vol. ii p. 296. P. mandarina, Hoffm. in Otto § Dietr. Allg. Gartenz. vol. iii. (1835) p. 194, 1, Oscaria chinensis, Lilja, in Linddl. Bot. Notiser. 1839, p. 39, ex Linnea, vol. xxii. (1849) p. 259. The recent flowering of specimens of Primula sinensis raised from freshly imported seeds taken from indigenous plants, and the receipt of herbarium specimens, affords the opportunity of recalling the history of this familiar and beautiful green-house ornament, which, though so long known under cultivation, has only within comparatively few years been collected in a native state. This has been effected first, according to Mr. Sutton, in 1879, by a Mr. Walters, and more recently by two travellers who have, whilst working independently, done more towards making known the botanical riches of China than have all previous collectors put together; they are the French missionary Abbé Delavay, and H.B.M. Consul Henry, both of whom found Primula sinensis in limestone rocks fully exposed to the sun, at Ichang on the River Yangtze Kiang, a thousand miles above its mouth. There Mr. Henry describes it as growing in extremely dry rocks, where there is practically neither soil nor moisture, flowering in December and January, and known as the Rock or Winter Prim- rose. Mr. Walters, on the other hand, describes it as OcropeR Ist, 1897. growing in shade. All the specimens collected by the Abbé Delavay and Mr. Henry are small, some quite dwarf, with short, woody rootstocks; all have glandular (slightly sweet-scented) leaves, peduncles, and calyces, and very small flowers, with simply obcordate corolla-lobes. ; According to a statement in the Gardening World, December 17th, 1887, quoted by Mr. Sutton in his paper, the Chinese Primrose was first made known by a drawing sent in 1819 to the Horticultural Society of London by John Reeves, Esq., F.R.S., when Inspector of Teas for the Honourable East India Company at Macao. This led to the Society’s requesting Mr. Reeves to procure living plants or seeds, which he did. Seeds of two varieties were sent, both from Chinese gardens, one of which pro- duced small flowers, and simply obeordate corolla-lobes ; in the other these were wavy and crenate. At about the same time a living plant was brought home by a Captain Rawes, who gave it to Thomas Palmer, Ksq., of Bromley, Kent. This flowered in 1821, and was figured as Primula prenitens by Mr. Ker-Gawler, in the Botanical Register of that year; it has crenate corolla-lobes. In the same year Lindley published a figure of the same plant in _ his ** Collectanea Botanica” as P. sinensis, Sabine. The form, with entire obcordate corolla-lobes, was first figured in 1823, in Hooker’s “ Exotic Flora,” from a specimen that flowered in the Edinburgh Botanical Gardens, obtained from the Horticultural Society of London. The same form was again figured in 1825, in this Magazine, with the observation that it was introduced by ‘I’. C. Palmer, Esq. tin Turning now to the specimen here figured, I am indebted for its history to Dr. Masters, who informs me that it is one of some seedlings which he saw in 1891, at Lady Hutt’s, Appleby Towers, Ryde, and which he at once recognized as being of the wild Primula sinensis. On inquiry he was told that the seedlings were raised from seed sent, it was believed, from Ichang. Having been given some of the seedlings, he passed them on to his friend Mr. Edmund Hyde, of Haling, who was in 1892 the first to flower the wild plant. In the Gardener’s Chronicle for that year Dr. Masters has given an excellent figure of this as “The wild form of Primula sinensis after one year’s cultivation.” Being a first year’s plant, no stem is represented ; this, however, is conspicuous in the specimen here figured, which ‘was kindly sent to the Royal Gardens by Mr. Hyde in December, 1896, and is hence a plant of five years’ growth. The most remarkable feature of both figures is the startling change from the miserable starved condition of the wild state, as shown by Mr. Henry’s specimens, to the great size and robust habit of the “firstborn offspring ; that is supposing that the plants raised at Lady Hutt’s were from the seeds of such dwarfs, for it must not be forgotten that Mr. Walters describes the wild Chinese Primrose as he found it to be growing in shade, and hence probably differing much in size from Mr. Henry’s, which grew on sun-scorched rocks. Comparing the figures in the Gardener’s Chronicle and that given here with any of the numerous ones of Primula sinensis that have appeared since 1822, the difference between them is very manifest, in robustness of habit of the former, compactness of inflorescence, and other characters difficult of putting into words, but all suggestive of a feral form. For information upon the garden varieties of this plant, their cultivation and propagation, together with other in- teresting matter, I must refer to Mr. Sutton’s valuable paper in the journal of the Horticultural Society cited above.—J. D. H. Fig. 1, Calyx; 2, bisected corolla-tube laid open, with stamens and ovary ; 3, stamen :— All enlarged, Vincent Brooks Day& Son Imp. | MS.del, JNFitch hth L Reeve &C° London. Tas. 7560. CALATHEA RvFIBARBA. Native of Brazil ? Nat. Ord. ScitaMINE#.—Tribe MaRANTEA. Genns Canatuga, G. F. W. Mey.; (Benth. & Hook.f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 653.) CataTura (Eucalathea) rufibarba; acaulis, tota floribus exceptis pilis longis flaccidis pallide brunneis induta, foliis distichis longe petiolatis lineari-, lanceolatis acuminatis marginibus undulatis supra laete viridibus subtus pallidioribus violaceo tinctis, scapo brevi robusto petiolo multo breviore et robustiore, spica breviter oblonga, floribus congestis longe exsertis aureis, bracteis spica brevioribus ovatis acutis spiraliter convolutis hirsutis, sepalis angustis acuminatis pilosis, corolla tubo sepalis longiore fere unciali cylindraceo piloso, lobis subzquilongis lineari-oblongis obtusis dorsali ovato-oblongo, labello lobo dorsali subsimili apice 2-lobulato concavo lateribus incurvis, staminodio galeato, galea basi calcare subulato- lanceolato horizontali instructa, ovario glabro. C. rufibarba, Fenzl in Gartenfil. vol. xxviii. (1879) p. 294, Petersen in Mart. Fl, Bras. vol. iii. pars IT p. 91. oe, A very well marked member of a large tropical genus, containing nearly seventy known species, all, except a few African ones, natives of America, especially of Brazil. Of those figured in this work that which is most nearly allied to C. rufibarba is C. villosa, Lindl. (t. 4973), which differs a good deal in habit, having very large oblong leaves, a long scape, and flowers nearly two inches in diameter, but in which the hooded staminode bears a similar spur. C. rufibarba was established on specimens cultivated in the Imperial Garden of Vienna, by Professor Fenzl, and is supposed to be a native of Brazil. Specimens of it flowered by Messrs. Sander & Co. in 1894, are preserved in the Kew Herbarium, of which the leaves were purple beneath. The Royal Gardens, Kew, are indebted to the Imperial Gardens of St. Petersburg for the plant here figured, which was received in 1891. It forms tufts of leaves as grown in a pan in a stove, and flowers freely every few months. Descr.—Stemless, clothed everywhere but on the flowers, OctopeR Ist, 1897. with long, lax, spreading rufous-brown hairs. Leaves distichous, long-petioled, five to seven inches long, linear- oblong, or -lanceolate, acuminate, margin strongly waved, base rounded or cuneate, thin, bright green above, beneath pale blueish green with a violet blush, and a stout midrib ; petiole nearly as long as the blade, red-brown, strict, erect. Scape two inches long, very stout. Spike two to three inches long, and nearly as broad, dense fid. ; bracts (the lowest one inch long), hirsute, ovate, spirally convolute, much shorter than the inflorescence. Flowers golden-yellow, exserted far beyond the bracts. Sepals three, very slender, acuminate, pilose, shorter than the corolla-tube, which is terete, hairy. Corolla nearly an inch across the limb; lobes linear-oblong, obtuse. Lobes of the androecium much broader than the petals, upper and lower (or lip) subequal, the latter concave, 2-fid at the tip, with involute margins ; appendage of the staminode helmet-shaped, with a horizontal subulate spur at its base. —J.D, H. Fig. 1, Flower; 2, tip of sepal seen from within; 3 and 4, staminode; 5, androecium :—A// enlarged. 756) E § vA cal - A & 8 Gu aa] 4 8 2) c + JN Fitchlith Bi. M5.d eeve & C° London. LR ‘Tas. 7561. PTERISANTHES po.ita. Native of the Malayan Peninsula and Islands. Nat. Ord. AMPELIDE. Genus PrerisantuEs, Blume. ; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 387.) Prerisantues polita; frutex scandens, gracillimus, fere glaberrimus, foliis late ovatis ovato-cordatis v. elliptico-oblongis acutis basi subcordatis remote dentatis cbhartaceis nitidis, cirrhis bifidis crure altera simplice altera florifera, receptaculo 4-5-pollicari longe stipitato lineari- oblongo plano basi. apiceque inzquilaterali apice caudato sublanu- ginoso luride fusco-rubro utrinque florifero, costa valida, floribus aliis disco receptaculi immersis perfectis, aliis marginalibus longe pedicellatis foemineis v. sterilibus, calycis brevissimi obscure 4-lobi tubo bracteis rudimentariis annulato, baccis pisiformibus 2-3-locularibus, pericarpio tenui, loculis 1-2 spermis “ albuminue fissuris 2 subtrilobato.” P. polita, M. Lawson in Fl. Brit. Ind, vol. i. p. 663. Planch. in A. DC. Monogr. Phanerog. vol. v. p. 416. Vitis polita, Mig. Ann. Mus. Lugd. Bat. vol. i. p. 95. Pterisanthes is one of the most singular of plants in respect of its inflorescence, which consists of the trans- formation of a branch of a tendril into an elongated broad or narrow disk, bearing the flowers sessile on one of its faces, and with sometimes others pedicelled on its margins. Extreme as is this modification of the inflorescence of Vitis, there are species of the latter genus with spicate flowers, and the flowers sunk in the rachis of the spike, that show a marked transition to Pterisanthes, and perhaps justify Miquel in considering the two genera as one. Four species of Pterisanthes have been described, all Malayan (of which one, the present, is also Burmese), most of which have compound leaves. On making an anatomical study of the flower of Pterisanthes polita, Dr. Stapf recognized the presence of rudimentary bracts on the calyx, to which Griffith, in describing another species, P. cissoides (Hmbamma caudi- gerum, Notul. iv. 694; Ic. Pl. Asiat. t. 695), alludes as ‘¢a roundish brownish cicatrix ” of the nature of which he is uncertain. As bracts or bracteoles are present in species OcroseR 1st, 18f7. of Vitis, Dr. Stapf’s explanation is no doubt the correct one. Pterisanthes polita is a native of the Malayan Peninsula from Moulmein, in Burma, where it was found by Lobb, to Singapore; and also of Sumatra and Borneo. The Royal Gardens, Kew, received plants of it from those of Singapore in 1894, which flowered in a stove in November, 1896. Descr.—A tall, slender climber, glabrous, except in the sparsely woolly surface of the receptacle. Leaves simple, four to six inches long, broadly ovate, or ovate-cordate, acuminate, shortly, distantly toothed, chartaceous, bright-— green and shining above, pale beneath; nerves six to eight pairs, arching ; basal sinus closed ; petiole one to two _ inches long. Receptacle occupying the middle of one branch of a bifid tendril, four to five inches long, by one to one and a half broad, dark red-brown, very unequal- sided at both ends, tip with a capillary tail; rarely the receptacle is lobed or interrupted on one side; midrib stout; peduncle (naked portion of cirrhus) three to four inches long. Flowers about an eighth of an inch in diam., some bisexual, sessile, scattered over and sunk in both surfaces of the receptacle; others female or neuter, mar- ginal, on stout pedicels about half an inch long. Calyz tube very short, limb obscurely four-lobed. Petals four, rounded. Disk broad, fleshy. Stamens 4. Style very short, conical. Berry pisiform—J.D.H Fig. 1, Portion of receptacle with sessile and pedicelled flowers; 2, pedicelled — female flower; 3, vertical section of the same, showing the bracts, calyx, and petals; 4, larger marginal female Hower with the calyx and petals removed; 5, vertical section of the same; 6 and 7, stamens from sessile flowers; 8, ver- tical section of ovary of sessile flower :—AJ/ enlarged. © Slower Plants “goa Ferns indigenous to, or Isles. For the use of Beginners and Aipwistieas: By A P F.R.S. 6th Edition, revised by Sir J. D. Hooker. — ‘Crown 8vo Os. 6d. - JLLUSTRATIONS of the BRITISH FLORA ; a Series 0 ee Engravings, with Dissections, of British Plants, from Drawings by Fitcu, F.L.S., and W. G. Sirsa, F.L.S., forming an Illustrated Compa to Bentham’s “« Handbook,” and other British Floras. 1815 Wood En- ‘gravings. 4th Edition, revised and enlarged, crown 8vo, 10s. 6d. OUTLINES of ELEMENTARY BOTANY, as Introducto1 Local Floras. 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REEVE & CO., 6, Henriette Strect, Covent Gaston 7 2 BOTANICAL MAGAZINE. | CONTENTS OF No. 634, OCTOBER, 1897. Tan, 7557.—CIRRHOPETALUM ROBUSTUM. |, 7558.—AGAVE BOUCHEI. tf » 7559.—PRIMULA SINENSIS. a » 7560.—CALATHEA RUFIBARBA. » 7561.—PTERISANTHES POLITA. ¥ L. Reeve & Co., 6, Henrietta Street, Covent Garden. _ Now Ready, Vol. VI., Parts I.—IITI., 7s. 6d. each. Vol. VI., Cloth, 24s, net. FLORA CAPENSIS; . A Systematic Description of the Plants of the Cape Gslsuy. Caffraria, Se and Port Natal. _ Edited by W. T. THISELTON-DYER, C.M.G,, F.R.S., Director of the Royal Gardens. Kew. ‘Published under the authority of the Governments of the Cape of Good Hope : i and Natal. By WILLIAM H. HARVEY, M.D.,_¥F.RS., Pentiniog of bahamas in oe = University of Dublin, and OTTO WILHELM SON DER, Ph.D. Now ready, Part XXII., 9s. FLORA OF BRITISH IN DIA. 4 | _ By Sir J, D. HOOKER, F.R.S., &. Vols. I, to TV., 32s. each. | Vol. V. “38s. 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JT Tas. 7562. MAMMEA americana. Native of the West Indies. Nat. Ord. GurTrrERz.—Tribe CALOPHYLLEZ. Genus Mammega, Linn.; (Benth. & Hook. f, Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 176.) MamMEA americana; arbor dumosa, ramosissma, foliis crasse petiolatis ovatis obovatis v. obovato-oblongis obtusis basi rotundatis cuneatisve tenuiter coriaceis saturate viridibus, nervis numerosis patentibus nervulis reti- culatis prominulis, floribus solitariis 2-3-nisve breviter pedicellatis 12 poll. diam. 4-6-meris suaviter odoratis, sepalis obovato-oblongis con- cavis pallide viridibus, petalis paullo longioribus late obovatis demum recurvis albis, staminibus perplurimis, filamentis filiformibus, antheris linearibus connectivo apiculatis, ovario lagenwformi in stylum breve crassum angustato, stigmate bilabiato, labiis’ crassis rotundatis recurvis, loculis minutis, drupa magna globosa 1-4-sperma cortice fusco tenui, carne fibrosa flavida, seminibus magnis compressis, testa crassa fibrosa, cotyledonibus magnis agglutinatis. M. americana, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 512. Jacq. Stirp. Am. Hist. p. 268, t. 181, fig. 82; Select. Stirp. Ic. Pict. vol. i. t. 248. Vahl, Eelog. vol. ii. p. 40, Willd. Sp. Pl. vol. ii. pars. II. p. 1157. Ait. Hort. Kew, Ed. 2, vol. iii. p. 297. Lamk. Encycl. Suppl. vol. ti. p. 582; Ill. t. 458. Lunan, Hort. Jamaie. vol. i. p. 431. Descourl. Fl. Med. Antill. vol. i. p. 561. DC. Prodr. vol. i. p. 561. Tussac, Fl. Antill. vol. iti. t. 7. Maycock, Fl. Barbad. p. 227. Macfad. Fl. Jamaie. vol. i. p. 135. Planch. & Trian. Mem. Guttif. pp. 12, 212. Trian. & Planch. Fi. Nov. Granad. p. 288. Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. p. 108. Engler in Mart. Fl. Bras. vol. xii. pars. I. p. 895, t. 79. A.DC. Origine Pl. Cult. p. 150. Mamay, Dalechamps, Hist. Gen. Pi. 1536. Arb. Ind. Mamei dict., Bauh. Pinaz, p. 417. Mam. Laest. Hist. Nouv. Monde, p. 356. Mamay arb. &c., Bawh. Hist. Pl. Univ. vol. i. p. 172. _ Malus persica maxima, é&c., Sloane, Hist. Jamaie. vol. ii. p. 123, t. 217, p. 3. Mammei, magn. fruct., &c., Plum. Nov. Pl. Gen. p. 44; Icon. t. 170. The Mammee tree, Hughes, Hist. Barbad. p. 133. Mamme fol. oval, &c., P. Browne, Hist. Jamaic. p. 249, Abricoteiro de Brasil, Apricotier d’ Amérique. The Mammee, a tree cultivated for its edible fruit in the tropics of America, is undoubtedly indigenous in Cuba, Jamaica, and other of the West Indian Islands ; in Jamaica indeed it is said to be one of the commonest trees. I find no evidence of its being a native of the continent of South Novemser Ist, 1897, America, and Ernst. (in Seeman’s Journ. Bot. 1867, p. 273) says that it is not indigenous in Oaraccas. It has been introduced into Western Africa, and I have eaten the fruit in the Cape de Verd Islands; but curiously enough I can find no record of its having been ever cultivated in India, into which country the Portuguese must have endeavoured to introduce so conspicuous a plant, and one so easily grown from seed; nor is it in- cluded in Watt’s “* Dictionary of the Economic Products of India.” The Mammee apple varies in size from that of a small orange to almost a child’s head. There is an excellent painting of its foliage and fruit in the North Gallery at Kew (n. 64). A rough, leathery, bitter rhind, and a thinner interior one enclose a firm, somewhat spongy white pulp, soon turning yellowish, of a hard, fibrous con- sistence, sweetish taste, and slightly aromatic flavour. This surrounds one to four large brown, oblong, rather compressed, rugose nuts, with a hard, fibrous coat, and oily, fleshy cotyledons. The seeds vary greatly in size. Opinions as to the gratefulness of the flesh of the Mammee apple differ much. Sloane writes of it, as “one of the most pleasant and grateful to be met with in Jamaica,” adding, that swine get extremely fat on it. No other _ verdict on it that I have met with is so flattering, and the fact that it is not admitted amongst the table fruits of the tropics is proof of disfavour. My own opinion of that which I ate was, that it was comparable to a good turnip, flavoured as above, i.e. sweetish, and faintly aromatic. By the Portuguese and earlier British residents in the West Indies, the fruit was cut in slices, and eaten with wine and sugar, and also candied. A liqueur is obtained by distillation from the flowers infused in spirits of wine, called Hau de Creole, and Créme des Creoles. The bark yields an acrid, resinous gum, of great value for the extir- pation of chigoes. The cotyledons yield a hair oil. The wood is poor; but the tree, with its brilliant green leaves and deliciously scented flower, is so handsome an object that de Tussac eulogizes it as “la Siréne végétale.” The earliest notice I find of the Mammee apple is in Dalechamp’s “ Historia generum Plantarum,” published in 1586 ; but in this, as in other old authors, it is perhaps confounded with the Marmalade plum of the West Indies, Lucuma mammosa, Gertn. The first good account of it is in Sloane’s “ History of Jamaica.” It was introduced, according to Aiton’s ‘‘ Hortus Kewensis,” into England before 1737, and it has long been in cultivation at the Royal Gardens, Kew, where there is, in the Economic House, a tree of it ten feet high. This flowered (but did not form fruit) in August, 1896, and from it the accom- panying figure of the foliage and flower is taken; that of the fruit is from a specimen preserved in fluid in the Economic Museum (No. 2) of the Royal Gardens, presented by C. D. Sturge, Esq., of Montserrat. The seed figured is an abnormally large one, such as occur when one only is developed in the fruit. Descr.—A large, umbrageous tree, sixty to seventy feet high, with a stout trunk, and dense coma; branchlets stout, covered with a dark brown bark. Leaves ter- minating the stout branchlets, three to five inches long, oblong, obovate, or obovate-oblong, obtuse, variable in breadth, thinly coriaceous, bright green and shining above, paler beneath; base rounded or cuneate; nerves _ very numerous, spreading, with close set cross nervules ; petiole about half an inch long, stout, channelled above. Flowers solitary, or 2—4-nate on the wood of the branches at the axils of fallen leaves, about one and a half inches in diameter, sweet-smelling; pedicels about half an inch long, stout, green, ebracteate. Sepals four to six, orbicular- obovate, obtuse, concave, very pale green, and obscurely spotted. Petals a fourth or less longer than the sepals, broadly obovate, recurved, white. Stamens very numerous, in many series; filaments filiform ; anthers linear, apiculate. _ Ovary broadly flaggon-shaped, narrowed into a very stout style, with two orbicular, spreading, recurved, fleshy stigmas. Fruit from the size of an orange to a child’s head, spherical, or nearly so; rhind thick, flesh yellow, pulpy, stringy around the large seeds.—J. D. H. Fig. 1 and 2, Stamens; 3, ovary; 4, longit. section of do.; 5, transverse section of fruit; 6, seed; 7, ditto, with testa removed; 8, transverse section of embryo :—All but figs. 5, 6, and 7 enlarged. M.S.del, JN Fitch lith Vincent Brooks,Day & Son imp L Reeve & C° London Tas. 7563. TAINIA PENANGIANA. Native of Penang. Nat. Ord. Orncuipra.—'ribe EpIpENDREA. Genus Taina, Blume; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen, Plant. vol. iii. p. 515.) TaINIa penangiana; pseudobulbis crassis ovoideis vaginatis, vagina in tubum elongatum petiolum amplectente producta, folio lanceolato longe petiolato, scapo e basi pseudobulbi erecto petiolum longe superante gracili basi vaginis brevibus late ovatis imbricatis tecto, racemo laxifloro, bracteis lanceolatis pedicellis equilongis, floribus 2 poll. expans., sepalis petalisque consimilibus lanceolatis acuminatis flavidis rubro striatis, labelli albi lobis lateralibus obtusis columnam amplectantibus, intermedio parvo orbiculari v. rhombeo cuspidato, disco lamellis 3 ornato, calcare sacciforme lobulato, columna alata. T. penangiana, Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vol. v. p. 820; in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 2089. - The genus Tainia was founded by Blume on a Malayan plant, 7. speciosa, which was for many years the only recognized species. To this three, also Malayan, were added by Reichenbach, and one by Teijsmann and Beinnen- dyke. These five are all that were known at the date of publication of the Index Kewensis; since which upwards of a dozen species have been recognized, chiefly British Indian, and it may be confidently anticipated that there are not a few yet to be discovered. One only has hitherto been published in this magazine, namely 1. viridifusea, Benth. (Calanthe viridifusca, Hook., t. 4669.) T. penangiana was first described in the ‘Flora of British India’’ from very imperfect herbarium specimens, in which no pseudobulb was present at the base of the petiole, and the midlobe of the lip had crisped margins, no doubt from contraction in drying. The plant figured was received at the Royal Gardens, Kew, from Penang, where it was discovered growing on damp rocks by Mr. C. Curtis, F.L.S., Assistant Superintendent, Gardens and Forest Department. It flowers annually in March, in a warm house. - Descr.—Pseudobulbs clustered, two inches long, ovoidly flagon-shaped, clothed with brown, scarious sheaths, the NovEMBER Ist, 1897. inner of which is prolonged into a long tube sheathing the petiole ; old pseudobulbs one and a half inches in diameter, red brown, furrowed. Leaf a foot long, elliptic-lanceolate, acuminate, plicate, many-nerved, narrowed into a slender, green petiole, as long as the blade, or shorter. Peduncle nearly twice as long as the petiole, arising from the base of the pseudobulb, green, clothed at the base with closely imbricating, ovate, acute, brown sheaths, half an inch long, and bearing upwards a few distant appressed, brown, obtuse sheaths. Raceme erect, few- and lax-fid.; bracts lanceolate, brown, about equalling the pedicel, which, with the ovary, is about half an inch long. Perianth about two inches broad across the sepals. Sepals and petals spreading, subequal, lanceolate, acuminate, pale yellow, with five to seven slender, red nerves. Lip nearly white; side lobes elongate, obtuse, embracing the column; midlobe small, rhomboidly orbicular, abruptly acuminate; disk with three lamelle that are prolonged on to the midlobe, and there become much deeper; spur a lobulate sac. Column white, winged. Anther subquadrate, tip truncate ; pollinia eight, in two superposed pairs of four each.—J. D. H. Fig. 1, Lip; 2, column, spur and lip of ovary; 3, anther; 4, pollinia :—Al/ enlarged, ae 7364 Pe an ae Slab? NSARM aE ian ils wseseciatal a: Vincent Brooks Day&SonImp L Reeve & C°London oe MS. del, JNFitch ith Tas. 7564, CYNORCHIS GRANDIFLORA. _ Native of Madagascar. Nat. Ord. OrncuipEa.—Tribe OpHrypEx. Genus Cynorcuis, Thou. ; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen, Plant. vol. iii. p. 628.) CyYNoRCHIs grandiflorus; caule sesquipedali valido 2-pluri-floro, foliis radi- calibus paucis pedalibus elongato lineari-lanceolatis a medio ad apicem sensim angustatis supra glauco-viridibus subtus pallidioribus carinatis utrinque sed subtus precipue hic illic sanguineo striatis, bracteis 3-polli- caribus cylindraceis subinflatis acuminatis striolatis, ovario cum pedicello 4-pollicari rufo maculato, floribus fere 2 poll. expans., sepalis oblongis obtusis dorso viridibus sanguineo maculatis, petalis sepalis paullo minoribus faleato-oblongis obtusis albis, labelli ampli purpurei marginibus basi column adnatis, lobis lateralibus late cuneiformibus basi unidentatis, intermedio longiore in segmenta 2 linearia obtusa divaricata fisso, sinu acute, caleare crasso recto labello duplo longiore infra medium paullo inflato, antherarum tubulis rectis, columna dorso rostelloque retuso puberulis. Cynosorchis grandiflora, Ridley in Journ. Linn. Soe. vol. xx. (1884) p. 332, et vol. xxi. p. 514 (Cynorchis). Though no doubt a congener of Cynorchis purpurascens, recently figured in this work (t. 7551), C. grandiflora differs from that plant remarkably, not only in habit, but in the margins of the base of the lip being connate with the column, and forming with it a tube leading into the spur. Until the other species of the genus (of which there are a dozen described, and some undescribed in the Kew Her- barium) are critically examined, it is impossible to say what value should be given to this latter character. Cynorchis grandiflora was first described by Mr. Ridley, F.L.S., from specimens in the Britsh Museum, collected in Madagascar, at Ankafana, by Mr. Deans Cowan. It has since been found on damp rocks in various places in the central part of the island, by Dr. J. T. Fox, the Rev. R. Baron and Mr. Scott Elliott. Mr. Ridley describes two varieties as follows:—Var. a, purpwrea, inodorous, lip purple, spotted at the base; 8, albata, odoriferous, lip white, base purple. ‘I'he nearest ally is C. wniflora, Lindl. (which often bears several flowers) the bract of which is very much smaller. The plant here figured was obtained NovVeMBER lst, 1897, by the Royal Gardens, Kew, from Messrs. Lewis & Co., Southgate, in 1893. It flowers annually in the Orchid House in July, where it is treated with tropical Ha- benarias., Descr.—Stem up to two feet, attaining a thickness of a swan’s quill, and as well as all green parts streaked with blood-red in broken lines. Leaves a foot long and more, about half an inch broad, linear, or narrowly linear- lanceolate, finely acuminate, narrowed from the middle to the base and apex, dorsally keeled. Pedunele stout, erect, two or more-fid. Bracts two to three inches long, tubular, with a lanceolate, acuminate tip. Ovary with pedicel three to four inches long, strict, erect, puberulous. Flower one and a half to one and three-quarters in. broad. Sepals oblong, obtuse, green without and blotched with red. Petals erect, forming a hood with the dorsal sepal. Petals linear-oblong, obtuse, subfaleate, gibbous on one side,’ white. ip longer than the sepals, bright purple, base connate with the sides of the column ; lateral lobes large, broadly cuneate ; midlobe cleft to the base into two linear, obtuse, divaricating sezments; spur one and a half to one and three-quarter inch long, stout, strict, pale, lower half somewhat inflated, tip 2-lobed. Column with a bifid, puberulous rostellum.—J. D. H. Fig. 1, Petal; 2, column with base of lip and Lip of s —F 3, column in front; 4, pollinium :—AJ/ enlarged. “i 2 : aieoee “Vincent Brooks Day & Son. L Reeve & C2 London Tap. 7565. DRIMIA Corsa. Native of Somali-land,. Nat. Ord. Lit1acex.—Tribe Scitiza. Genus Drimra, Jacg.; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen, Plant. vol. iii. p. 808.) Daria Colex ; bulbo magno globoso, tunicis membranaceis brunneis, foliis synanthiis sessilibus oblongis acutis subcarnosis glabris facie pallide viridibus maculis saturatioribus decoratis dorso concoloribus pallide viri- dibus, pedunculo foliis breviori, racemo cylindrico laxo, pedicellis brevibus, bracteis minutis, perianthio viridi, tubo brevi campanulato, lobis linearibus recurvatis, staminibus perianthio brevioribus, antheris parvis oblongis, filamentis saturate purpureis, ovario disciformi, stylo elongato. This very distinct new species of Drimia was brought home from the Golis range in Somali-land two years ago by Miss Edith Cole, and flowered by her last October. The expedition on which it was obtained was made in the winter and spring of 1894-5, under the leadership of Mr. E. Lort-Phillips. The two ladies who took part in it, Mrs. E. Lort-Phillips and Miss Cole, both occupied their leisure in making botanical collections, and on their return presented them to Kew, where they were worked out. The two col- lections contained together 350 species, of which between sixty and seventy proved to benew. ‘These were described in the Kew Bulletin for 1895, pages 211 to 230. There are no specimens of the present plant in the dried collection. _ Six other species of the same genus are known in Tropical Africa, and between twenty and thirty at the Cape, but many of the plants called Drimia in gardens really belong to the section Ledebouria of the genus Scilla. Descr.— Bulb globose, two inches in diameter; outer tunics membranous, brown. Leaves contemporary with the flowers, sessile, oblong, acute, half a foot long, by nearly half as broad, rather fleshy, pale, glaucous green on the upper surface, spotted with darker green, concolorous, and pale green beneath. Pedunele erect, shorter than the leaves, pale green, spotted with claret-brown. Raceme NoveMBER Ist, 1897. lax, cylindrical, five or six inches long; pedicels short ; bracts minute. Perianth green, half an inch long; tube short, campanulate ; lobes linear, reflexing. Stamens rather shorter than the perianth; filaments subulate, bright mauve-purple ; anthers small, oblong. Ovary disciform, very broad, and short; style subulate, overtopping the anthers ; stigma small, capitate.—J. G. Baker. Fig. 1, A flower, with bract and pedicel ; 2, an entire flower, fully expanded ; 3, segment of perianth, with stamen; 4, pistil; 5, transverse section of ovary, all more or less enlarged. : : 7566 VincentBrooksDay&Son Emp MS del INFitchlith L Reeve & C° London gure 7566. SCOLIOPUS Bicetovit. Native of California. Nat. Ord. Lintacza.—Tribe MepEoLes. Genus Scouiorus, Turcz.; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 832.) Scotiorus Bigelovit; herba nana, fere acaulis, glaberrima, caule brevissimo basi radicibus fasciculatis crassis onusto, et vestigiis vaginarum stipato, foliis binis sessilibus late elliptico-ovatis basi vaginantibus post anthesin valde accrescentibus supra saturate viridibus nigro maculatis, subtus allidis striato-nervosis, pedunculis 3-12 unifloris erectis pallidis rubro irroratis post anthesin valde elongatis decurvis et tortis, floribus erectis, sepalis patente-recurvis ovato-lanceolatis purpureo striatis, petalis sepalis requilongis linearibus obtusis erectis purpureis, filamentis brevibus erectis, antheris oblongis extrorsum dehiscentibus, ovario sessili trigono in stylum brevem fructu persistentem attenuato, stigmatibus 3 elongatis patentibus apice glandulosis, capsula ellipsoidea triquetra membranacea irregulariter rapta polysperma, seminibus oblongis, testa granulosa, raphe alata. S. Bigelovii, Torr. in Pacif. Rail. Rep. (Whipple Exped.) vol. iv. p. 145, t. 22. S. Wats. in Proc. Amer. Acad. vol. xiv. p. 272; Bot. Calif. vol. ii. p. 180. Regel Gartenfl. vol. xxiv. (1875) p. 227, t. 834. Gard. Chron. 1894, vol. i. p. 267, fig. 8. Of the singular genus Scoliopus, only two species are known, that here figured, which is a native of the coast ranges of California, from Humboldt County to Marin, and the imperfectly known S. Hallii, 8S. Wats. of Oregon. It clearly belongs to the tribe Medeolex of Liliacee, as deter- mined by Bentham, but is not very closely allied to any congener in that group, though the linear, erect petals recall those of Paris. The different aspects of the plant in its flowering and fruiting stages are, as shown in the plate, very striking, the leaves in the latter attaining fifteen inches in length, and the strict flowering peduncles lengthening to six inches, and becoming decurved and twisted (whence the generic name). The flowers emit a curious scent, like that of decaying seaweed. In the Gartenflora the leaves are represented as unspotted. Scoliopus Bigelovit was introduced into Europe by Messrs. Haage & Schmidt, of Erfurt, in 1879, The specimen here NovemsBeER Ist, 1897. figured was purchased for the Royal Gardens from F. H. Horsford, Nurseryman, of Charlotte, Vermont. It flowered in a cold frame in February, 1896. Descr.—A glabrous, dwarf herb. Stem very short, stout, clothed with brown, torn sheaths, and emitting from a short rhizome fascicles of stout, simple root-fibres. Leaves two, one and a half to two inches long in the flowering state, greatly enlarged thereafter, attaining eight inches, sessile, base sheathing, ovate, obtuse, or apiculate, very dark green above, with black blotches, paler beneath, and striate. Peduncles few or many, fascicled at the top of the stem amongst the leaves; flowering two inches long, erect, strict, white, mottled with red; fruiting greatly elongating up to six inches, decurved and twisted. lowers an inch and more in diameter, erect; perianth deciduous. Sepals spreading and recurved, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, white, closely striped with red-brown. Petals as long as the sepals, erect, linear, obtuse, red-brown. Stamens short, filaments subulate; anthers small, oblong, opening extrorsely. Ovary trigonous, three-celled, narrowed into a short style, with three linear, spreading stigmas. Capsule two-thirds of an inch long, ellipsoid, terminated by the persistent style; pericarp thin, bursting irregularly. eae ca oblong, rough, with a narrowly winged raphe. Fig. 1, Sepal; 2, flower with sepals removed; 3, anthers; 4, ee ae 5 : ae —All enlarged; 6, leaf and fruiting pedicels of the natural size. , seed: ee & BRITISH, COLONIAL, AND FOREIGN FLORAS. — HANDBOOK of the BRITISH FLORA ; a Description of the Flowering Plants and Ferns indigenous to, or naturalized in the British Isles. For the use of Beginners and Amateurs. By Grorck BrenTHaM, a . F.R.S. 6th Edition, revised by Sir J. D. Hooker. Crown 8vo, 10s, 6d. ILLUSTRATIONS of the BRITISH FLORA ; a Series of Wood © Engravings, with Dissections, of British Plants, from Drawings by W. H. Firca, F.L.8S., and W, G. Suirn, F.L.S., forming an Illustrated Companion — to Bentham’s ‘‘ Handbook,” and other British Floras. 1315 Wood En- © gravings, 4th Edition, revised and enlarged, crown 8vo, 10s. 6d. OUTLINES of ELEMENTARY BOTANY, as Introductory to — ih Local Floras. By Grorcr BentHam, F.R.S., President of the Linnean Society. New Edition, Ls. 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(POND WEEDS) OF THE BRITISH ISLES. object of this work is to supply a long-needed set of good and soliable Illus: € of British Potamogetons. Both Descriptions and Illustrations will include £ ig forms and states as well as the generally recognized spe ymy, though not aiming at absolute completeness, will be ample for king purposes, An attempt will be made towards a natural arrangement of t s founded on the changes of form in their progressive stages of growth rathe nm the comparatively limited distinctions afforded by the fruit, illustrations of es form a ee feature. j - Now ready, price 2s. 6d. re elivered. by aa Pe Di, HOOKER, C.B., before the British Association for the edvsacement of Bragrae, at N ees tears ae 1866. N ow pide: 2 Second Bastion. By ARTHUR G, BUTLER, Ph.D., PLS, The whole forms a large og! handsome volume of between 300 and 400 pages, with 60 Plates, W. FROWHAWEK, beautifully coloured by hand, Se an00r OF THE BRITISH FLORA: A Description of the Flowering Plants and Ferns Indigenous . to or Naturaliged in the British Isles. Br GEORGE BENTHAM, FRS oh a Revised by Sir J. D. Hooker, C. B.. GCS, L, F.R.S., &. 10s. 6d. ILLUSTRATIONS OF THE BRITISH FLORA. A Series of Wood Engravings, with Dissections, of British Plants, awn by W. H. FITCH, F.LS., asp W.G. SMITH, F.LS. llustrated Companion to Bentham’s “ Handbook,” ana other British Flor ae Ath Edition, with: 1315 Wood Ve elias bis OS. tas VE & CO,, 6, ee ie cea 7567 Vincent Brooks, Day & Son up TABe 7567. AGAVE Scuortt. Native of Arizona. Nat. Ord. AMARYLLIDEZ.—Tribe AGAVE. Genus Agave, Linn. ; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 738.) Aaave (Littea) Schottii; acaulis, foliis dense rosulatis e basi ovata linearibus rigidis apice pungentibus facie canaliculatis dorso carinatis margine filiferis, scapo elongato gracili, floribus in paniculam laxam subspicatam subsecundam dispositis, bracteis parvis ovatis cuspidatis, pedunculis pedicellisque brevibus clavatis, perianthio citrino tubo elongato infundibu- lari, lobis oblongis tubo brevioribus, staminibus vix exsertis supra medium tubi insertis, antheris magnis linearibus, fructu duro parvo oblongo. A. Schottii, Engelm. Notes on Agave, p.17. Collected Works, p. 315. Baker Handb. Amaryllid. p. 307. Miss Mulford in Report Missouri Gard. vol. vii. (1896) p. 72, t. 29. A. geminiflora var. ? Sonore, Torrey in Bot. Mex. Bound. p. 214. This very distinct Agave resembles A. jilifera and A. schidigera in having leaves the edges of which break away into fibres, but differs from them widely in its lax subsecund inflorescence, bright yellow flowers and short stamens. It is very abundant on the mountains of Southern Arizona, at an elevation of about five thousand feet above sea-level. Professor Toumey reports that it so thickly covers large areas, miles in extent, on the southern slopes of the mountains of Santa Catalina that it is almost impossible to travel through it. It is called _ Amole in its native country, and the rootstock is sold as affording a substitute for soap. It was first collected by the late Dr. Arthur Schott in 1855. The Kew plant was purchased at the sale of the collection of Mr. J. T. Peacock in 1889, but did not flower till March, 1897. There is a dwarf variety with serrulate leaves which extends further south than the type. Descr.—Rootstock two inches in diameter, thickly clothed with the fibrous relics of old leaves. Leaves forming a dense sessile rosette, linear from an ovate base, a foot long, pungent at the apex, channelled down the face, DecemsBes Ist, 1897, acutely keeled on the back, with edges breaking up into fine fibres. Scape slender, four or five feet long. In- florescence a lax, subspicate, subsecund panicle a foot long ; bracts ovate, ctispidate, very small; peduncles and pedicels very short and stout. Perianth bright yellow, two inches long; tube funnel-shaped, longer than the oblong lobes. Stamens scarcely exserted beyond the perianth-lobes, in- serted above the middle of the tube. Capsule oblong, coriaceous, half an inch long.—J. G. Baker. 1, Portion of raceme and flower with perianth laid open; 2, anther; 3, top of style and stigma :—all enlarged ; 4, whole plant greatly reduced. 7568 MS.ael. JNFitch hth, Vincent Brooks Day &SonImp L Reeve &C°Landon. Tas. 7568, QUILLAJA Saronarta. Native of Chili, Nat. Ord. Rosacra.—Tribe Quitiasiez. Genus Quinussa, Molina; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 614.) QUILLAJA saponaria; arbor mediocris, glaberrima, sempervirens, cortice saponaceo, ramulis gracilibus, foliis sparsis breviter petiolatis ellipticis oblongisve obtusis integerrimis v. marginibus sinuatis coriaceis ner- vosis stipulis parvis, floribus polygamo-dioicis in paniculas paucifloras terminales et axillares dispositis, lateralibus masculis, terminali fertili, pedicellis 2-bracteolatis, calycis inferi coriacei tomentosi tubo brevi, lobis 5 ovatis valvatis, petalis 5 parvis spathulatis, disco crasso tubum calycis vestiente et in lobos 5 crassos lobis calycinis adnatos emarginatos dilatato, staminibus 10, 5 fundo disci insertis hice oppositis, 5 alternis apicibus loborum disci msertis, filamentis subnulatis, antheris brevibus, carpellis 5 fundo calycis sessilibus axi cohzrentibus tomentosis multi-ovulatis, stylis 5 stigmatibus dilatatis depressis, ovulis complanatis biseriatim imbricatis, folliculis 5 basi cohewrentibus calyce persistente suffultis oblongis coriaceis, stylis subventralibus stellatim patentibus, seminibus imbricatis compressis superne longe et late alatis exalbuminosis, testa membranaca, cotyledonibus convolutis, radicula infera. Q. Saponaria, Molina, Sagg. Stor. Nat. Chili, vol. ii. p. 175, 354 (1782); ed. Angl. vol. i. p. 291. H.B.K. Nov. Gen. § Sp. vol. vi. p. 236 in nota. DD. Don in Edinb. New Phil. Journ. vol. xi. (1830-1) p. 230. Lamk. Ili. t. 774. Poir. Excycl. vol. vi. p. 33; Suppl. vol. iv. p. 638. OC. Gay, Fl. Chil. vol. ii. p. 273. Kéhler, Mediz. Pflanz. vol. ii. p. 189, ewm. ic. pict. Carriére in Rev. Hortic. 1873, p. 254, fig. 27. Q.? Moline, DC. Prodr. vol. ii. p. 547. Q. Poeppigii, Walp. Rep. vol. ii. p. 52. Q. Smegmadermos, St. Laz. in Ann. Soc. Bot. Lyon, vol. vii. (1880) p. 133. Smegmaria Saponaria, Wid/d. Sp. Pl. vol. iv. p. 1123. Smegmadermos emarginatns, Rwiz § Pav. Fl, Per. et Chil. Prodr. p. 144, t. 31; Syn. Veg. Fl. Per. § Chil. p. 288. Cullay, Molina ex Steud. Nom. Ed. II. vol. i. p. 452. Quillay, Frezier, Voy. South Sea, p. 118 (1717.) Quillaja Saponaria is a common tree in the hills and valleys of Chili, between the parallels of 31° and 38°8., ascending to 6500 ft. above the sea, and flowering from December to February. Its wood, though not procurable of any great size, is valued for its hardness, and is chiefly used for props in mines, and for making stirrups. Of greater account is its bark, which, when pulverized in water, foams like soap, and is used as an efficacious sub- DecemBesr lst, 1897, stitute for that article, as also for dressing the hair. Both Chilans and Araucanian Indians attribute the luxuriance of this ornament of their persons to its use. There is a considerable import of the bark into England; and it appears annually in the trade lists, the wholesale price being 6d. per pound, and pulverized 1s. A detergent hair-wash is prepared from it, and it has been extensively used to produce a head on stale beer. There is but one other species of the genus, Q. brasiliensis, Mart., of South Brazil. The figure here given was made from a specimen kindly sent by Thomas Hanbury, Esq., F.L.S., which flowered in his celebrated garden of La Mortola, Ventigmiglia, in February of this year. Descr.—A small tree, thirty to forty feet high, sparingly branched, with ashy bark; branchlets slender, glabrous. Leaves one and a quarter to two inches long, very shortly petioled, elliptic or oblong, tip obtuse or rounded, margin entire or undulate; stipules two, small. Flowers about two-thirds of an inch broad, few together in a small panicle, greenish yellow, shortly pedicelled, the terminal in the panicle fertile, the lateral male. Calyz-tube short; lobes five, ovate, valvate. Petals five, small, spathulate. Disk fleshy, occupying the base of the calyx, and pro- jecting five lobes which are adnate to the surfaces of the calyx-lobes. Stamens 10, five opposite the petals inserted in the bottom of the disk, and five on the lobes of the disk; filaments subulate, anthers small. Carpels five, cohering by their bases, tomentose, many-ovuled ; styles short, stigmas dilated. Fruit of five obovoid, coriaceous, tomentose, stellately spreading follicles, seated on the persistent withered calyx.—J. D. H. Fig. 1, Flower; 2 and 3, stamens; 4, pistil; 5, ripe fruit; 6, seed -—AIZl enlarged. i M.S.del, IN-Fitch lith L Reeve & C° London Tas. 7569. ODONTOGLOSSUM rerusum. : Native of Peru. Nat. Ord. OxcoipE2.—Tribe VaNDEs. Genus Opontoctossum, H.B.K.; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p- 561.) OpontocLtossum (Myanthum) refuswm; pseudobulbis ovoideis compressis levibus nudis, foliis anguste lineari-lanceolatis obtusis, scapo gracili elongato vaginis subulatis instructo, panicule elongatz anguste rachi ramisque remotis paucifloris gracilibus brunneis, bracteis ovatis acutis membranaceis pallidis, pedicellis cam ovariis 3-2 poll. longis coccineis, sepalis petalisque aurantiaco-coccineis oblanceolatis acuminatis, sepalo dorsali 2 poll. longo porrecto, lateralibus longioribus subparallelis deflexis et paullo recurvis, petalis sepalo dorsali subaquilongis elliptico- lanceolatis acuminatis, labello sessili fere quadrato aureo undulato apice truncato cuspidate, lobis lateralibus basilaribus parvis rotundatis, disco basi ruguloso et callis geminis magnis subglobosis instructo, columna crassa late 2-alata, alis porrectis. O. retusum, Lindl. in Benth. Pl. Hartweg. p. 152; Fol. Orchid., Odontoglossum, p-13. Walp. Ann. vol. vi. p. 837. The section Myanthum was established by Lindley (Fol. Orchid., p. 11), for the reception of a few species of Odontoglossum, in which the lateral sepals, instead of being widely spreading, are more nearly parallel and deflexed more or less under the lip, and the lip is sessile, or nearly so; the lateral sepals should further be manifestly clawed, but this is not the case in the plant here figured. O. retusum was discovered by Hartweg in 1841, on rocks in the mountains of Saraguru, near Loxa, in Ecuador (not Peru, as stated by Lindley) in no doubt a temperate climate, the Loxa valley being 6-8000 ft. above the sea. It was imported into this country upwards of fifteen years ago, as there are specimens in the Kew Herbarium received from Messrs. Veitch in 1884. There are also others re- ceived from Messrs. Sander & Co. in 1891, and in the same year from Mr. Linden’s establishment (L’Hortic. Internationale) in Brussels. The specimen figured was communicated by E. H. Woodall, Esq., of St. Nicholas House, Scarborough, in April, 1897. DeceMBER Ist, 1897. Deser.—Pseudobulbs one to nearly two inches long, ovoid, compressed, pale green, quite smooth, with two or three lanceolate, brown, basal loose scales. Leaves soli- tary on the old pseudobulb, and two to three together in the new flowerless shoots; those from the pseudobulbs six to eight inches long, narrowly linear-lanceolate, obtuse, dark green and channelled down the middle above, paler with a distinct midrib beneath. Scape tall, slender, pale brown, enclosed below by the long narrow sheath of a linear leaf. Panicle a foot long or more, narrow; rachis slender, pale brown; branches one to two inches long, distant, spreading and recurved, three- to five- flowered; bracts ovate, acuminate, pale, membranous ; pedicels with ovary one half to two-thirds of an inch long, scarlet. Flowers about an inch broad when spread open. Sepals and petals orange-scarlet, with paler margins, oblanceolate, acuminate ; dorsal sepal arched, two-thirds of an inch long, lateral longer, deflexed and recurved; petals about equalling the dorsal sepal. Lip shorter than the sepals, golden yellow, broadly trulliform, undulate, basal lobes short, rounded; apex truncate or retuse, cus- pidate; disk rugulose towards the base, where are two large globose, prominent calli. Column short, stout, with two broad, prominent wings.—J. D. H. Fig. 1, Lip and column; 2, pollinia :— Both enlarged. RC ee es a MS del, IN-Fitchiith, TAS. Zod, KNIPHOFIA srevirtora. Native of Natal and Orange Free State. Nat. Ord. Lrtrataa:—Tribe HEMEROCALLIDEA. Genus Kniruorta, Mench,; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 775.) KnIpHorFIa breviflora; foliis linearibus longe acuminatis integris sordide viridibus dorso acute carinatis, pedunculo stricto erecto foliis xquilongo, racemo oblongo-cylindrico supra basin denso, pedicellis brevibus, in- ferioribus cernuis, bracteis lanceolatis, perianthio parvo subcylindrico pallide luteo lobis ovatis, staminibus demum leviter exsertis, stylo staminibus longiore, fructu parvo globoso. Ke pata Harv.; Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc, vol. xi. 361; Fl. Cap. vol. vi. Pp: . There are now thirty-five species of this genus known at the Cape, and thirteen species in Tropical Africa, only one of which is common to both areas. The present is one of the smallest known species, being nearly allied to “K. modesta, Baker (Bot. Mag. tab. 7293), but with the flowers bright yellow, instead of white. It was first gathered in 1862 by Mr. Thomas Cooper in the Orange Free State, and was named in manuscript by Professor Harvey shortly before his death. It was again collected in Natal in 1895 by Mr. J. Medley Wood, and by him intro- duced into cultivation through Mr. Max Leichtlin of Baden Baden. Our drawing was made from a plant that flowered at Kew in October, 1896. As it was found in Natal at an elevation of between five thousand and six thousand feet above sea-level, no doubt it will be perfectly hardy. The Natal plant is rather more robust, and the flowers are a little larger than in that from the Orange Free State, but I think they can only be regarded as forms of a single species. Descr.—Leaves narrowly linear, one foot and a half or two feet long, tapering gradually to a long point, dull green, acutely keeled on the back, entire on the margin. Peduncle stiffly erect, as long as the leaves. Raceme December Ist, 1897. dense above the base, oblong-cylindrical, three or four - inches long; upper flowers ascending, lower drooping ; pedicels very short; bracts scariose, lanceolate. Perianth bright, pale yellow, subcylindrical, a quarter or a third of ° an inch long; lobes short, ovate. Stamens finally just exserted. Style finally overtopping the anthers. Fruit small, globose—J. G. Baker. : Fig. 1, Cross section of leaf; 2, bract ; 3, an entire flower; 4, front view of anther; 5, back view of anther :—AJZ more or less enlarged. MS. del. JN. Fitch hth Vincent Brooks, Day &Sonimp : : L Reeve & C2 London Tas. 7571. HABENARIA rnopocuetta. Native of Southern China, é Nat. Ord. OrncuiprEx.—Tribe OrpHRyDEA. Genus Hasenaria, Willd.; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii, p. 624.) Hapenaria (Platyglossa) rhodocheila; tuberibus carnosis, caule folioso, foliis lineari-oblongis acuminatis undulatis, basi amplexi-caulibus, racemo laxo multi-floro, bracteis lanceolatis infimis ovario gracili curvo sequi- longis, sepalis viridibus, dorsali hemispherico, lateralibus deflexis oblongis obtusis apicibus tortis, petalis lineari-spathulatis viridibus erectis, labello sepalis 2-3-plo longiore unguiculato rubro-aurantiaco lobis lateralibus oblongis obtusis patenti-decurvis, intermedio minore breviter unguiculato bipartito segmentis dimidiato-ovatis obtusis, caleare valido labello duplo longiore incurvo flavido infra medium subinflato apice acuto, ore lamella ungue labelli orta clauso, anther tnbulis suberectis, rostello brevi triangulari, stigmatis processubus crassis decurvis. H. rhodocheila, Hance in Aun, Se. Nat. ser. v. vol. v. (1866) p. 243, Habenaria rhodocheila was made known by the late Dr. Hance, F.L.S., when resident at Whampoa, and de- scribed by him from specimens collected by Dr. Sampson -in 1864 on rocks near the Buddhist monastery of Fi-loi- tsz, on the banks of the North River, above Canton. It belongs to a section of the genus of which there are many Asiatic species, characterized by the deflexed lateral sepals, erect petals forming a hood with the dorsal sepal, the long, tubular anther-cells and prominent stigmatic processes. Dr. Hance regarded it as most closely allied to H. crinifera, Lind]. (Wight Ic. Pl. Ind. Or. t. 926), but that species differs much in habit, being scapigerous, with the leaves nearly all radical, and has crenate and caudate lobes of the lip. It is much more nearly and indeed very closely allied to H. militaris, Reichb. f., of Cambogia. Tubers of H. rhodocheila were received at the Royal Gardens, Kew, from Mr. Chas. Ford, Superintendent of the Gardens, &c., of Hong Kong, in January, 1895, which flowered in a warm house in June, 1897. The species varies greatly in the colour of the lip; Hance describes it as deep rose-colrd., in the Kew plants it varied from orange-red to madder yellow. Decremser Ist, 1897, Descr.—Tubers cylindric, fleshy. Stem including the raceme, a foot high and upwards, leafy throughout, terete, green. Leaves, lower spreading, four to six inches long, by nearly one broad, linear-oblong, acuminate, undu- late, base amplexicaul; upper much smaller, suberect, lanceolate. Haceme three to five inches long, rather lax- fid.; bracts lanceolate, acuminate, green, of the lower flowers as long as the ovary, of the upper shorter. Ovary an inch long, slender, curved, subrostrate. Sepals green, less than half an inch long, dorsal hemispheric; lateral oblong, obtuse, tips deflexed. Petals linear-spathulate, green, erect, margining the dorsal sepal. Lip twice as long as the sepals or more, shortly clawed, from rose-red to deep orange-red, side-lobes shorter than the mid-lobe, pointing forward, oblong, obtuse, mid-lobe smaller, clawed, deeply 2-lobed ; spur nearly twice as long as the lip, stout, incurved, dirty yellow. Anther-tubes ascending, tips coloured. Rostellwm small, triangular. Stigmatic processes stout, sausage-shaped, decurved, of the colour of the lip. —J. D. H. Fig. 1, Side view of sepals, petals, and column; 2, front view of column and base of lip :—Both enlarged. BRITISH, COLONIAL, AND FOREIGN, 1 FLORAS. a HANDBOOK of the BRITISH FLORA: a eseion of eg at Flowering Plants and’ Ferns indigenous: to, or naturalized in the Britiah Isles. For the use of Beginuers and Amatenrs, By Gnorex Burra, F.B-S. 6th Kdition, revised by. Sir J. D. Hooker. Crown 8yo,10s. 6a. ILLUSTRATIONS ofthe BRITISH FLORA ; a Series of Wood O Engravings, with Dissections, of British Plants, al Drawings by W. H. - Kiron, F.L.8., and W..G. Surrn, F.L.8., forming an Illustrated Companion to Bentham’ J he Handbook; if ‘agit: other British Floras.. .1316 Wood En- gravings. 4th Edition, revised and enlarged, crown 8vo, 10s. 6d, «> OUTLINES of. ELEMENTARY BOTANY; as Introductory to - <= Loeal Floras,, By Grorer BentHaM, F, RS., i Prabident of the’ Linowan ae Society.. New Edition, le. —~ f “= ~ FLORA: of HAMPSHIRE, including the Tsle of Wight, with: oe localities. of the “less: common: species. By F-. TOWNSEND, M. A., F.L.8. Ke a With Coloured Map and two Plates, 16s. ~ i HAN DBOOK of BRITISH MOSSES, containing all that are Ss tia is be natives of the British Talia. By: the Rev. M. J: Bekweer, MAF ae _ 2nd Huition, 24 Coloured Plates, 21s. 2 ; SYNOPSIS of BR ITISH “MOSSES, containing Deseriptions of all the Genera and Species (with locaittiew of the rarer ones) found in Gre: Britain ‘and ‘Ireland. By Cianves P. Hosur, PLS., &c., oe, Ne ___ Edition, entirely revised. ‘Crown 8v0, 7s. 6d. 7 : ae E BRITISH MOSS-F. LORA. “Monographs of the Families ° British Moses, illustrated by Plates of all the species, with Microscopical sere | details. of their,structure. By R. Barairuwaite, M.D., PLS. Vol. with 45 Plates, 50s. Vol. II., 42s, 6d, Part XVIL., fis. 3 é Beatie of BRITISH INDIA. By Sir J. D. ‘Hooxer, F. R.S. a nd others. Complete in 7 Vols, £121 nebe ; _ FLOR. . AUSTRALIENSIS; a Description of, the Plats of the Australian | ‘Territory. ‘By G. Bentnam, FOR:S,, P.LS., assisted “by F. ener, F.R.S. ‘Vols. I. to VI, 20s. each. Vol. VIL; (248. Publish nder the auspices of the several Governments of pe eae FLORA of MAURITIUS and the SEYCHELLES: a Deserip- a tion of the Flowering Plants and Ferns of those Islands, By J. G. BakBR, = F.L.S.: Complete in 1 vol., 24s. Published under the’ anthority of thes,” Colonial Government of Mauritius, FLORA CAPENSIS:. a Systematic ge of the Plants the Cape Colony, Caffraria, and Port eaang ILLIAM B Harvey F.R.S., and Otro Wither is BR, Ph. _ Vol VI., 248. net. up a Le aa ae tof tint aa BOTAN [CAL MAGAZINE. ‘CONTEN''S OF No. 636, DECEMBER, 1897. ia : Tan “2867. AGAVE: ‘SCHOTTH. oy 7568,—QUN LAJA SAPONARTA. © . ea6es .—ODOWEFOGLOSSUM RELUSUM. =; 7570—KNIFHOFIA BREVIELORA. e 1ST: HABE NARIA RHODOCHEILA. _ Complete, with 2 Structural Plates, 12s, . Targe Hdition, with 28 ‘Coleen oe ; SAGEESE TS Sheteeeh nese oe ae Now redy, Part XLVL, with 4 spine stan. BS. (completing Vol. pee Br CH ARLES G: BARRETT, BE Vol. 1. 12s.;. large. paper, with 40 Coloured: Pie SSs5- Vol. IL, 128: large paper, with 46 Colonred Plates, 63s. Vol. Ii. 128; large paper, with 50 Ras Plates, 6: _ Val: TY ABs. $ eek paper tt as sr 63: INDEX To Vol. LIII. of the Tatrp Serizs, or Vol. CXXIII. of the whole Work. 7558 Agave Bouchei. 7527 ,, Haseloffii. 7532 ,, kewensis. 7567 ,, Schottii. 7512 Aristolochia clypeata. 7540 Begonia Baumanni. 7514 Berkheya Adlami. 7516 Bignonia buccinatoria. 7560 Calathea rufibarba. 7543 Cattleya elongata. 7554 Cirrhopetalum Curtisii. 7557 . robustum. 7515 Croton Eluteria. 7513 Cynoglossum nervosum. 7564 Cynorchis grandiflora. 7551 ‘i purpurascens, 7548 Dendrobium denudans. 7525 sarmentosum. 2? 7526 Didymocarpus malayana. 7535 Dimorphotheca Hcklonis. 7565 Drimia Cole. 7550 Ficus erecta, var. Sieboldii. 7549 Gasteria fusco-punctata. - 7528 Gentiana tibetica. 7536 Gomphocarpus setosus. 7530 Gongora tricolor. 7524 Grevillea Hilliana. 7571 Habenaria rhodocheila. 7555 Helianthus giganteus. 7545 tuberosus. ”? 7521 Hemipilia amethystina. 7523 Holothrix orthoeeras. 7570 Kniphofia breviflora. 7541 Lelia longipes. 7519 Ligustrum eoriaceum, 7546 Lissochilus milanjianus. 7547 Lycoris squamigera. 7562 Mammea americana, 7533 Maxillaria Houtteana. 7518 re Sanderiana. 7517 Myrmecodia Antoinii. 7569 Odontoglossum retusum. 7520 Paracaryum heliocarpum. 7544 Polygonum baldschuanicum. 7559 Primula sinensis, 7561 Pterisanthes polita. 7568 Quillaja saponaria. 7537 Renanthera Storiei. 7552 Scheelea kewensis. 7553 yy %» 7566 Scoliopus Bigelovii. 7531 Senecio Smithii. 7538 Strobilanthes callosus. 7534 Syringa amurensis. 7563 Tainia penangiana. — 7529 Tristania laurina. 7556 Veronica Balfouriana. 7539 = diosmefolia, var. trisepala. 7522 Wistaria chinensis, var. multi- juga. 7542 Zamia obliqua.