CURTIS'S BOTANICAL MAGAZINE, © Pees COMPRISING THE Plants of the Ropal Gardens of Kev, - AND OF OTHER BOTANICAL ESTABLISHMENTS IN GREAT BRITAIN; WITH SUITABLE DESCRIPTIONS; BY PIR JOSEPH DALTON HOOK#R, M.D., C.B., K.C.S.T1., DDS, 2.8, BT: D.C.L. OXON., LL.D. CANTAB., CORRESPONDENT OF THE INSTITUTE OF FRANCE, WOOL, ist. OF THE THIRD SERIES. (Or Vol. CXXII. of the Whole Work.) “Among the distant mountains. flower and- ‘weed, Which thou hast taken to thee as thine own, Making all kindness registered and known.” WorpsworTH, LONDON: L. REEVE & CO., Publishers to the Home, Colonial, and Indian Governments, 6, HENRIETTA STREET, COVENT GARDEN. 1896, [All rights reserved.] ‘Mo. Bot. Garden, 7 gies, PRINTED BY GILBERT AND RIVINGTO ‘JOHN'S ERKE 70 MR. GUSTAV MANN, Late Assistant Conservator of Forests, Assam. My pear Mr. Many, Your name recurs so frequently during a succes- sion of years in the BoranicaL Magazinu, as the discoverer of interesting and beautiful Tropical African Plants, that the dedication to you of a volume of this work is a duty and pleasure on the part of your old friend the Editor. To this claim must be added the greater one of your epoch-marking contribution to Botanical Geography ; for it was by means of the admirable collections of plants which you made during your arduous and perilous exploration of the Cameroons Mountains and Fernando Po, that the presence of a Huropean element in the Flora of the mountains of Western Tropical Africa was disclosed. Believe me, Very sincerely yours, J. D. HOOKER. Tax Camp, SUNNINGDALE. Dec. 1st, 1896. Third Series. No. 615. VOL. LIL—JaNuARY. © Price 8s, Gd. coloured, 2s, 62. plain. y or No. 1307 OF THE ENTIRE WORK. | | CURTIS'S BOTANICAL _ MAGAZINE, COMPRISING fon PLANTS OF THE ROYAL GARDENS: OF KEW, AAA ewe SS EA LEE Nape * Nature and Art tw adorn the page combine. And sores exotic c- race our northern olime, ee : a ion Oe Sink Bastion. 2 Se HAN DBOOK OF BRITISH MOSSES, bat Containing all that are known to be natives of the British Isles. _ s w the Rev. M. J. BERKELEY, M.A, F.LS. 24 Coloured Plates, 21s, = — Now ready, Part VL, to be ediipieies3 in Ten Pests royak Sto, each wae 6 beautifully Coioured Plates, & price to Subscribers, for the complete work only, Ws. 6d. net, or £4 14s, 6d. for the complete work if paid in advance. Foreign Finches in C aptivity. S By ARTHUR G. BUTLER, Ph. De FE: i S., ¥LZ.S%, BP B.S.) : = ‘A Part will be issued about. every six weeks. commencing July ist. The ee will tere a largeand | bandsome volume of between 300 and 490 pages, with 60 Plates, by F. W. 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By GEORGE BENTHAM, F.RS. 6th Edition, Revised by Sir J. D. Hooxer, C.B., K.C.S.L, F.R.S., &e. 10s. peo ILLUSTRATIONS OF THE BRITISH FLORA: A Series of Wood Engravings, with Dissections, of British Plants ) Drawn By W.H. FITCH, F.L.S., anp W. G. SMITH, F.LS. Borming an Tilustrated Companion to Bevihcaes “ Handbook,” and other British Floras | 3rd Edition, with 1815 Wood ty te: 1Gs. 62. L. RERVE & CO., 6, HENRIETTA STREET, COVENT GARDEN. WTA ES TOL een aeeas SOT Vincent Brooks ,Day & Son linp. N.S. del, JIN-Fitch Tith. LL Reeve.& C2 london. Tas. 7452, STANHOPEA Hasgroviana, eS Native of Peru. Nat. Ord. Orcnutpex.—Tribe VANDER. Genus Stannorsa, Frost; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 549.) StannoreaA Haseloviana; pseudobulbis ampullewformibus, foliis petiolatis oblongo-lanceolatis acuminatis sub 7-nerviis, racemis 3-5-floris, pedunculo bracteis scaphaformibus sepalisque dorso nigro punctulatis, floribus maximis, sepalis elliptico-rotundatis petalisque intus pallidis maculis magnis rubris ambitu irregulariter crenatis conspersis, lateralibus reflexis, dorsali angustiore arcuato, petalis erectis v. reflexis obovato-oblongis acuminatis pallide roseis, labello elongato sigmoideo-flexuoso vix unguicu- lato purpureo maculato, hypochilio lato carnoso basi saccato sacco intus fimbriato, epichilio 3-partito, segmentis lateralibus corniformibus, inter- medio late unguiculato ovato-rotundato obtnuso cuspidato, columna purpureo maculata supra medium anguste alata apice bifida lobis acutis. S. Haseloviana, Reichb. f. Xen. Orchid. vol. i. p. 123, 196, t. 72, ef in Ott & Dietr, Algem. Gartenz. 1855, p. 322 (errore Haseloftiana). The flowers of certain Orchids are amongst the largest in the vegetable kingdom. Referring to Mr. Rolfe on this subject he has given me the following as the most gigantic of Orchid flowers in his experience, namely, Sobralia manantha, Lindl. (t. 4446), and Coryanthes Fieldingit, Lindl., both nine inches in diameter; Cat- tleya Warscewiczti, Reichb. f., eight inches; Stanhopea tigrina, Batem. (t. 4097) seven inches; and he has found the petals of Selenipedium caudatum, Reichb. f., to measure thirty-five. Of the seven species of Stanhopea figured in this magazine S. Haseloviana is most nearly allied to S. oculata, Lindl. (Tab. 5300), which has similar annular spots with crenulate margins on the petals and sepals, but which besides its much smaller size, differs in the long acuminate bracts, very long ovaries, narrow pale yellow sepals and petals, and in the lip, which has not the double flexure of S. Haseloviana. The form of the epichile is the same in several other species of the genus. 5m S. Haseloviana is a native of Northern Peru, where it January Ist, 1896. : was discovered by the indefatigable collector, Warscewicz, © half a century ago. The specimen figured was obtained from the celebrated establishment of M. Linden at Brussels, ‘* L’ Horticulture Internationale” in 1893. It flowered in the Royal Gardens, Kew, in July, 1894, and perfected its leaves in March, 1895. Descr.—Pseudobulbs two to two and a half inches long, flagon-shaped. Leaves ten inches long by four broad, oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, about 7-nerved, margins undulate ; petiole two to three inches long. Raceme three to five-flowered ; peduncle, bracts, ovary and back of the sepals covered with minute black dots ; bracts on the green peduncle and at the base of the ovary one to two inches long, boat-shaped, obtuse, dirty yellow; ovary two inches long, grey. lowers six inches long from the tips of the reflexed sepals to that of the lip. Sepals three inches long, lateral nearly orbicular, obtuselycuspidate, pale grey dorsally, ventrally dull yellowish, and covered with scattered annular pale rose-colrd. spots one-eighth of an inch in diameter, with dark red irregular crenulate borders; dorsal sepal rather narrower, arched over the column, margins recurved. Petals nearly as long as the sepals, obovate-oblong, obtusely cuspidate, spotted like the sepals. Lip as long as the sepals, pendulous, fleshy, curved with a double flexure, pale neutral-tint with dark purple spots; hypochile sub- quadrate, saccate at the base, and with three smooth ridges in front; sac fimbriate within; epichile as long as the hypochile, tripartite; lateral segments curved like horns ; terminal broadly orbicular-ovate, suddenly narrowed into an obtuse cusp. Column as long as the lip, spotted with purple, narrowly winged from the middle upwards, — top bicuspidate. Anthers shortly obtusely beaked. Pol- linia narrowly pyriform, about as long as the strap; gland ovate-oblong.—J. D. H. Fig. 1, Top of column; 2 , anther; 3 and 4, pollinia :— BIER, 5, reduced fig. of whole plant. ; - pollinia :—All enlarged ; 7458. ky L hd M. 5.del.J.N Fitch Vincent Brooks Day&Son Imp _ 2 ondon + da 1, Reeve & C° Tas. 7458. . DENDROBIUM Hitpesranptt. Native of Burma. Nat. Ord. OrcHipem.—Tribe EriIpDENDREZ. Genus Denprosium, Swartz.; (Benth. § Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol, iii. p. 498.) Denprosium (Eudendrobium) Hildebrandii ; caule elongato robusto compres- so sulcato fexuoso basi folioso, foliis lineari-oblongis inzqualiter obtuse 2-lobulatis coriaceis deciduis, vaginis persistentibus papyraceis, racemis pluribus axillaribus 3-4-floris decurvis, pedunculis brevibus, bracteis brevibus tubulosis pedicello appressis, pedicellis cum ovariis 14-pollicari- bus, floribus 33 poll. diam., sepalis petalisque patulis lineari-oblongis subtortis obtusis v. apiculatis, labello late tubaeformi incurvo longiore quam lato primulino tubo dorso gibbo pubescente, limbo explanato cordato marginibus erosulis, disco velutino, mento brevi conico obtuso, anthera pubescente margine fimbriata. D, Hildebrandii, Rolfe in Kew Bulletin (1894), p. 182, and in Orchid. ie vol. iii. (1895), p. 49, cewm. Ic. Gard. Chron. (1895), vol. ii. p. 93, zgi bo 8 A native of the mountainous Shan States in Hast Burma, where it was discovered at an elevation of 1500 ft. by H. H. Hildebrand, Esq., in 1893, who sent living specimens to Messrs. Hugh Low & Co. of Clapton. It is said to grow in huge masses, upon one of which its discoverer counted one thousand five hundred blossoms. Mr. Rolfe considers it to be most nearly allied to D. signatum, Reichb. f., a native of the neighbouring country, Siam, and which belongs to the type of the genus most familiar to Indian botanists. In colour the flowers of D. Hildebrandit vary considerably, and Mr. Watson in- forms me that the one here figured is the palest that he has seen. Mr. Hildebrand collected specimens with three varieties of colour; one with sepals and petals pale green, and lip sulphur-yellow; another with sepals and petals creamy pink, and the lip yellow, and a third like the last, but with two dark chocolate blotches in the throat. The specimen figured was obtained from Messrs. Low. It flowered in the Royal Gardens in May of the present year. | _ Descr.—Stem twelve to eighteen inches long by upwards. of half an inch broad, compressed, flexuous, deeply groved, _ January Ist, 1896. . yellow green; internodes about an inch long, clothed for half their length with the white papery sheaths of the old leaves, which are edged with brown. Leaves on young stems four to six inches long, linear-oblong, tip obliquely obtusely 2-lobulate. Macemes many, axillary, decurved, three to four-fid.; peduncle very short, green, half im- mersed in the sheaths; bracts tubular, closely appressed to the pedicels, obliquely truncate, white; pedicel with ovary one and a half to two inches long, slender, curved, white or pale pink. J'lowers three and a half inches across the petals. Sepals and petals subsimilar, linear-oblong, obtuse or apiculate, and more or less twisted. Lip shortly trumpet-shaped, incurved, sulphur or primrose-yellow, fading to white round the margins ; tube pubescent exter- nally, gibbous dorsally ; limb cordate in outline, with re- curved erose margins, disk velvety; mentum short, broadly conical, obtuse. Anther hemispheric, pubescent, with a fringed anterior margin.—J. D. H. Fig. 1, Side and front view of column; 3, anther; 4, pollinia :—A/l enlarged. : ih {=P Se m Vincent Brooks,Day aa Tas. 7454. ALBERTA MAGNA. Native of Natal. Nat. Ord. Rusiacex.—Tribe ALBERTE. Genus Auperta, LE. Mey.; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 109.) ALBERTA magna; frutex v. arbor fere glaberrima, ramulis teretibus, foliis obovato-oblongis obtusis integerrimis coriaceis lucidis in petiolum brevem crassum angustatis, costa valida, nervis utrinque 8-10 gracilibus, stipulis interpetiolaribus triangularibus acutis diu persistentibus, paniculis amplis terminalibus puberulis ramis oppositis inferioribus deflexis, bracteis minutis persistentibus, floribus erectis, calycis parvi lobis ovatis 2 ceteris majoribus demum accrescentibus, corollz pollicaris coccines tubo superne paullo inflato lobis parvis triangularibus, antheris sessilibus dorso eras, calycis fructiferi lobis 2 foliaceo-dilatatis obovato-spathulatis reticulatis. A. magna, FE. Mey. in Linnea, vol. xii. (1838) p. 258. Harv. & Sond. F'. Cap. vol. iii, p. 15. Harv. Thes. Gap. t. 45. Alberta is a small South African and Madagascar genus, founded by Meyer in 1838 on the species here represented. It was named in honour of Father Albertus Grotus, a Dominican Friar, afterwards Bishop of Cologne. He was born in Swabia about the year 1200, and being reputed a prodigy of learning and genius, the epithet Magnus was conferred on -him by his contemporaries. Alberta belongs to a group of fubiacee containing seven genera, all African, and chiefly tropical. A. magna forms a shrub or small tree in the rocky mountains of Natal, at eleva- tions of 38-5000 ft., where it forms a conspicuous and beautiful object from the glossiness of its evergreen leaves, and the beauty of its flowers. There are specimens in the Herbarium of Kew from Inanda (Gerrard), from precipices of the Great Noodsberg Mt. (Wood) ; and from the Kak- loot Falls (Scott). It was discovered by Drege in 1832, ** between Omsancaba and the great waterfall.” A. magna was raised in the Royal Gardens, Kew, from seeds sent in 1889 by Mr. Medley Wood, A.L.S., Curator of the Botanical Gardens, Natal. Mr. Watson informs me that it flowered for the first time in February, 1895, January Ist, 1896, and that this was in the Temperate House, where it grows freely, and promises to form a large laurel-like shrub. _ Descr.—An evergreen shrub, or small tree, attaining thirty feet in height; branches terete, bark pale. Leaves four to five inches long, obovate-oblong, obtuse, quite entire, narrowed into a short stout petiole, coriaceous, bright green and glossy above, paler beneath ; midrib stout, lateral nerves slender ; stipules triangular, acuminate, brown. Panicle terminal, strict erect, subpyramidal, six inches high, and nearly as broad at the base ; rachis stout, and spreading or decurved opposite branches puberulous ; bracts very small, ovate, persistent ; pedicels one-sixth to one-fourth of an inch long, erect or ascending. Flowers erect. Caiyx small, pubescent; lobes erect, ovate, sub- acute, two longer than the others. Corolla an inch long, bright red; tube terete, slightly ventricose in the upper half, hairy below the middle within; lobes five, very small, triangular, recurved. Anthers sessile, inserted below the throat of the corolla, dorsally hirsute, bases bearded, connective apiculate. Disk small, tumid. Ovary 2-celled ; style long, slender, exserted, tip contracted acutely bifid. Fruit a smal 12-celled ovoid deeply grooved drupe, about a quarter of an inch long, with persistent calyx-lobes, of which two are produced into spathulately obovate coriaceous veined wings about an inch long.—J. D. H. Fig. 1, Calyx and style; 2, Section of corolla laid open ; 3 and 4, stamens; 5, vertical section of ovary :—all enlarged ; 6, fruit of the natural size. 7455 baWeante) = Vincent Brooks Day &So del, J.N-Fitch lith M.S Reeve & ©? London. f at Tas. 7455. GAZANIA prema. Native of South East Africa. Nat. Ord. Composira.—Tribe ArcToTIDER, Genus Gazania, Gerin,; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 459.) GazANIa pyymexa; perennis, foliis anguste lineari-oblanceolatis obtusis in- tegerrimis v. remote denticulatis rarius subpinnatifidis supra viridibus margines versus scaberulis, subtus tomento appresso niveis, scapis ‘sepius aphyllis, capitulis amplis, involucri campanulati basi plus- minusve intrusi bracteis linearibus liberis v. in tubum connatis apicibus liberis, floribus radii albis dorso medio purpureovel violaceo fasciatis, disci aureis, acheniis filis elongatis flexuosis crinitis, pappi setis subulatis denticulatis. G. pygmea, Sonder in Linnza, vol. xxiii. (1850) p. 69. Harvey in Harv. & Sond. Fl. Cap. vol. iii. p. 478. WN. £. Br. in“ The Garden,” April 27th, 1895, cum Ie. pict. G. canescens, Harv. J. c. G. nivea, Leichtl. in Wien. Illustr. Gartenz. (1894) 81, f. 21. G. bracteata, N. EH. Br. in Gard. Chron, (1894) vol. i. p. 620. In a revision of some of the species of Gazania by Mr. N. HE. Brown, contributed to ‘‘ The Garden,” that botanist observes of the genus, that ‘it is one of the most perplex- ing that a botanist has to deal with.” It includes between twenty and thirty species, and is exclusively African in so far as at present known, and chiefly South Eastern African, though outlying species have been found as far north as Abyssinia. The chief difficulties that are en- countered in the study of the species are owing to the great variability of the foliage of many, from quite entire and very narrow to pinnatifid and bipinnatifid, and in the case of G. pygmexa to the extraordinary diversity in the amount of confluence of the involucral bracts, from being nearly free, to forming a campanulate cup. Gazania pygmea has a very wide range of distribution in South Africa. It was discovered by the eminent South African traveller, Dr. Burchell, the earliest explorer of the regions it inhabits, who collected it in various localities in Bechuana and Griqua Lands, between the years 1811 and January Ist, 1896. e 1814, and it has since been found by many botanists and collectors at elevations of 4-5000 ft. in the Transvaal, the Orange Free State, and as far north as Matabele Land (by the Rev. W. Elliott). The earliest information I have ob- tained as to the date of its introduction in Europe is from specimens in the Kew Herbarium, sent by Mr. Max Leichtlin of Baden Baden in June, 1893; and in the same year by Mr. Gumbleton, who raised them from seeds sent him from Natal by Mr. Adlam. Living specimens sent by the latter gentleman flowered in the open air at Kew, and from these and others also sent by Mr. Gumbleton, the accompanying figures were made. Descr.—Root fusiform, sometimes as thick as the thumb, giving off many flowering and leafing crowns. Leaves three to five inches long, narrowly oblanceolate, obtuse, quite en- tire or distantly minutely denticulate, bright green above, white with appressed wool beneath, margins recurved, sides above and surface more or less scaberulous. Scapes longer than the leaves, stout, pale brown or pinkish, naked, or with one reduced leaf. lower heads two inches and upward in diameter. Jnvolucre campanulate, glabrous, brown, base rounded or intruded ; bracts linear, obtuse, confluent below and spreading above, or all confluent with a campanulate or subcylindric cup with four greenish tips. Ray-fl. very numerous, elliptic-oblong, obtuse, white with a broad dorsal violet or purple band. Disk-fls. yellow. Achenes clothed with long flexuous hairs. Pappus hairs subulate, rigid, erect, denticulate.—J. D. H. Fig. A, Plants that flowered at Kew; B and C sent by Mr. Gumbleton :— fig. 1, fl. of disk; 2, achene and pappus; 3, bristle of pappus; 4, stamens :— All enlarged. P hn c rooks Vincent Tap. 7456. ASARUM MAXIMUM. Native of China. Nat. Ord. ARISTOLOCHIACEA. Genus AsaruM, Linn. ; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 122.) ASARUM maximum ; robustum, glabrum, foliis amplis longe petiolatis late ovatis acutis basi cordatis lobis incumbentibus divaricatisve supra saturate viridibus subtus pallidis costa nervisque elevatis, floribus subsessilibus 2% poll. latis, perianthio basi obconico dein annulo crasso cincto, superne ' latissime campanulato 3-lobo, lobis rotundatis intus atropurpureis, singulis basi disco fungoso flavo lobo conformi instructis, fauce transverse rugosa purpurea, antheris subsessilibus oblongis obtuse appendiculatis, stylis . brevibus connatis, stigmatibus oblongis obtuse 2-coronatis. ~ A. maximum, Hemsl. in Gard. Chron. (1890) vol. i. p. 422, and in Journ, Linn, Soe. vol. xxvi. (1891) 359, ; The genus Asarum is remarkable for the very great differences it exhibits in the form of the perianth, stamens and styles, whilst preserving a great similarity in the habit of its species. A. maximum differs from all its allies, not only in the size of the flowers, which far exceeds (almost doubles) that of any other hitherto described species, but in the spongy cushions of the bases of the perianth-lobes, which cushions together form a three-lobed sort of crown in the centre of the flower, of a pale primrose colour, in strikng relief against the dark maroon-purple of the rest of the lobes. Another notable character is the thickened ring girdling the tube of the corolla on a level with the top of the ovary. nae _ Referring to the four species previously figured in this work, these illustrate well the great diversities of form in the perianth of the genus, diversities so great as to suggest their being of generic nature. Thus in A. canadense t. 2769) the corolla lobes are triangular and subcaudate, Amar dor, 1096 ‘the tube smooth within, the anthers shorter than their filaments, with very long caudiform tips, and the styles are united in a column 4-cleft at the top with short truncate stigmas. In A. macranthum (t. 7022), the very large flowers have the perianth-lobes lobulately undulate, its tube pre- sents an inflexed curtain in the throat, above which are thickened folds like those of A. maximum, and below it, around the organs of fecundation, the walls are can- cellated by square pits; the stamens are very short, the styles free with large capitate stigmas. In A. caudigerum (t. 7126) the perianth-lobes are shortly triangular, and narrowed into long flexuous tails, the surface of the tube within is quite even and hairy, the filaments long and anthers short, the styles united below, the stigmas short, simple and recurved. In A. geophilum (t. 7168) the mouth of the perianth is nearly closed, its tube even and setulose within, the stamens much as in A. maximum, and the very short styles united in pairs with linear stigmatic surfaces. Lastly, in A. Thunbergii (Heterotropis asaroides, t. 8746) the perianth and stamens are nearly of the structure of A. macranthum, but the style and stigmas more confluent, : Some of the above characters and others in the habits of the species have been utilized by Duchartre in his monograph of the genus (DOC. Prodr. vol. xvi. pt. I. p-. 422); but now that the genus is known to contain upwards of twenty species, of which he knew only ten, it is not surprising that his sections should require both modifications and additions. Owing, however, to the texture of the flowers which suffer much in drying, it is to cultivated specimens rather than to the Herbarium that recourse is to be had in elucidating the genus. A, maximum is a native of China, where it was dis- covered by the indefatigable botanist, A. Henry, Esq., F.L.S., in the gorge of the Yang-tse Kiang river, 1000 miles from its mouth. That gentleman says of it :— ‘Occurs in glens about the Ichang gorge, on sides of cliffs, always some distance up. It is the Ma-ti-hsiang (i.e. horse-hoof fragrance) of the Chinese, and the root is used in medicine.” Living plants were received in 1894 from Mr. Ford, P.L.8., Superintendent of the Botanical Gardens of Hong Kong, which flowered in a stove in the Royal Gardens, KKew, in March of the same year. Mr. Watson informs me that the flowers remained fresh on the plant for about a month.—J. D. H. Fig. 1, Section of the tube of the perianth ; 2 and 3, stamens; 4, styles and stigmas :—All enlarged. AND FOREIGN ‘FLORAS HANDBOOK of the BRITISH FLORA; a Description of i oe . Flowering Plants and Ferns indigenons to, or naturalized in the British = : Isles. For the use of Beginners and Amateurs. 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The whole will f E am handsome volume of between 300 and 400 pages,:with 60 Plates, by F, fae F eae Meera: and eoloared by hand. 7 si esha Roath ‘HANDBOOK OF TUE BRITISH FLORA: _ A Description of the Flowering Plants and Ferus Indigenous to-or Naturalized in the British Isles. “| By GEORGE BENTHAM, FRS . ~ 6th Edition, Revised by Sir J.D. Hooxer, C.B., K.C.S.L, P.R.S., &. “10s. 6d: ILLUSTRATIONS OF THE BRITISH FLORA: . A Series of Wood Engravings, with Dissections, of British ee : Drawn ny W. H. FITCH, F.L.S., axp W. G. SMITH, F.L.8,_ ahaa an Illustrated Companion to Bentham’s * Handbook,” and other British Fior ee om Edition, with 1315 Wood Eperernies, 10s, C2. dla ge REEVE & 00, 6 HENRIETTA STRERT, , covENT - 7457. Vineent Brooks Day & Sen Imp. M.S.del, INFitdilith. Tas. 7457. BEGONIA vUmMBRACULIFERA. Native of Brazil. . Nat. Ord. BrGONIACER. Genus Brgonta, Linn.; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 841.) Brecontsa wmbraculifera; caulibus elatis robustis indivis, foliis apicem versus caulis alternis distichis longe petiolatis reniformibus y. orbicu-* laribus et peltatis denticulatis, stipulis magnis ovatis caducis, cymis supra-alaribus dichotomo-multifidis, pedunculis valde elongatis basi inter- nodio confluentibus, floribus polygamo-monoicis; /. masc. sepalis 2 orbicula- ribus, andraecio compresso, antheris filamentis liberis longioribus; fl. foem. sepalis 5 ovatis 2 extimis majoribus, ovario 3-loculari, placentis integris, stylis 3 brevibus liberis, stigmatibus reniformi-2-lobis undique papillosis, capsula equaliter 3-alata; jl. hermaph. perianthio stylis stigmatibusque fi. fem., similibus staminibus basi v. superficie ovarii 2-5-locularis sine ordine insertis. A very remarkable plant in habit, and the second only © (in so far as is known to me) of the vast genus to which it belongs, in which hermaphrodite flowers have been observed. The other is B. frigida, A.DC.* (Tab. 5760), also a native of Brazil, in which the ovary of the fem. fl. is inferior, and 3—4 quetrous, but that of the hermaphrodite fl. consists of 3-4 free superior carpels, surrounded by a few hypogynous stamens. I have sought in vain amongst the sections of the genus established by A. De Candolle in the Prodromus, for one under which this singular plant should be placed; and I have compared it, also in vain, with all the drawings and descriptions to which I have access, in search of any species of similar habit, namely, as having a_ perfectly simple, stout, erect stem, with few distant distichous reni- form orbicular peltate fleshy leaves, and very long- peduncled supra-axillary cymes, the peduncle of which is confluent at the base with the internode above it. Refer- ring to the key to De Candolle’s sections of the genus which I have given in “The Genera Plantarum,” it falls into the last group of American ones, those with entire placentas and style-arms papillose all over, and amongst * For observations on B. frigida see Gard. Chron. 1860, pp. 146 and Ws = 1861, p. 1092, and Masters, Vegetable Teratology, pp. 199, 303. Fesruary lst, 1896, these Wageneria is that into which may for the present be placed, though differing from that section in habit and foliage, and in having four male perianth-segments. In habit it approaches nearest to B. dichotoma, J acq. Ie. t. 619. Mr. Watson informs me that B. umbraculifera was im- ported amongst some Orchids from Brazil by Messrs. F. Sander & Co., from whom a plant was obtained in 1893, and that by far the greater majority of the flowers throughout the plant are male. It flowered in the « Begonia House” of the Royal Gardens in March, 1895. Descr.—Stems six from the root, four feet high, quite simple, erect, half an inch in diameter, terete, smooth, pale brown, leafing towards the tip only, marked with narrow annular scars of fallen stipules. Leaves alternate, fleshy, four to six inches in diameter, lower reniform, upper peltate, obliquely orbicular, retuse, one side more or less produced into a broad, low auricle, bright pale green and glossy above, pale beneath, with eight to ten radiating nerves; margins obscurely denticulate. Stipules an inch long, green, cadu- cous. Cymes large, supra axillary, dichotomously branched ; peduncle many times longer than the petiole, confluent at the base with the internode above it, rose-colrd. ; branches and short slender pedicels rose-red, Flowers crowded in small corymbs, chiefly male, with a few female and bi- sexual flowers. Male jl. one inch. diam., ebracteate ; sepals 2, orbicular, white; stamens about twenty, in a compressed bundle; anthers oblong, obtuse, longer than the quite free filaments; (very rarely an imperfect sub= globose 2-celled inferior ovary is formed in the male fi.) Fem. fl. half an inch in diameter, bracteate ; bracts subu- to the sides of a free two- to fi short, stout Styles, and 2-3 Fig. A, Cyme of male f| of the nat, size :—Fig. 1 by 74:58 Vincent Brooks,Day &Sonbup: — MS. del, J.N-Fitch hth. L. Reeve &C° London. ae Tas. 7458, SCUTELLARIA Formosana. Native of China. Nat. Ord. Laprata#.—Tribe Neretex. Genus Scurettarta, Linn.; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 1201.) Scurertaria (Vulgares) formosana; fruticulus erectus, ramis tetragonis _ glaberrimis canisve violaceis, foliis breviter petiolatis ovatis v. ovato- lanceolatis acuminatis glaberrimis remote subserratis basi cuneatis subtus glanduloso-punctatis et remote pilosulis, racemo terminali erecto aphyllo laxifloro, floribus oppositis, bracteis minutis pedicellos breves subequantibus v. brevioribus, calycis puberuli lobis late ovatis, galea parva fere orbiculari, corolle erectz glanduloso-pubescentis tubo 3- - . _ pollicari infra medium gracili viridi intus annulo stellatim pubescente cincto, supra medium inflato limboque saturate violaceo, limbi labio superiore integro inferioris lobis lateralibus parvis intermedio tere orbiculari, filamentis pilosis, antherarum loculis ciliolatis, gynophori magni gibbi collo glanduloso, nuculis granulatis. ae S. formosana, V.E. Br. in Gard. Chron. (1894) vol. ii. p 212. Amongst the tropical Asiatic skull-caps there is one to which S. formosana is nearly allied, and that is S. javanensis, Jungh., which differs in the repand-toothed leaves, in both surfaces of these and the racemes being hispidulous in the rose-lilac or scarlet: corolla, and in the fruiting calyx being much longer than that of formosana would (judging from immature fruit) probably be. Of S. javanensis, a native of Java at an elevation of about 6000 ft., I have seen only indifferent specimens. It may prove the same as a Sumatran plant in Herb. Kew (probably 8. swmatrana, _Mig.); or, as Mr. Brown has observed in his careful description of 9. formosana cited above, all the three ‘* may be local forms of one species; but until more is known concerning them I deem it best to retain the present. plant as if distinct, it being clearly distinguishable from S. javanensis, and for horticultural purposes worthy of distinction.” : 8. formosana was, according to a specimen in the Kew Herbarium, introduced by Messrs. Veitch from Formosa, The specimen here figured is from a plant sent to the Feprvary Ist, 1896, Royal Gardens, Kew, from the Island of Hainan in Southern China, in 1894, by Mr. C. Ford, F.L.S., Superintendent of the Hong Kong Botanical - Gardens. It flowers freely in a cool greenhouse in early summer. Descr.—Stem two to three ft. high, sparingly branched, tetragonous, quite glabrous or hoary with a minute pubescence, pale violet-blue. Leaves two and a half to three inches long, shortly petioled, ovate or ovate-lan- ceolate, acuminate, faintly distantly serrate, quite glabrous, base cuneate, dark green and shining above, pale green or violet beneath, covered with minute glandular dots, and a few very short scattered hairs ; nerves six or eight pairs ; petiole one-sixth to one quarter of an inch long. Raceme terminal, lax-fid., flowers subsecund, opposite, very shortly peduncled; bracts very small, green, about as long as the very short pedicels ; rachis, bracts, pedicels and calyx puberulous. Calyx small, lobes short, triangular, obtuse ; galea small, orbicular. Corolla an inch long, glandular-pubescent, tube narrow and green below the middle, surrounded above the base within by a band of stellate hairs, above the middle ventricose and dark violet-blue ; upper lip hooded quite entire ; lower 3-partite, lateral lobes small rounded, mid-lobe orbicular. Filaments sparsely hairy; anthers didymous, puberulous. Gynophore globose, gibbous, con- tracted into a short neck which is girt with glands. Nucules granulate.—J. D. H. Fig. 1, Portion of under-surface of leaf; 2, calyx, pedicel and bract; 3 bd hone oe Sa 34 and — of median, and 6, re lateral stamens: » GSK and ovary ; 6, portion of fruiting raceme; 9, nucule:——A// i except 8, which is of nat. size, si ee esesg _— oe Vincent Brooks, Day & Son imp M.S.del, UN Fitch ith. L Reeve & C°London. _ Tas. 7459, mee STERNBERGIA maorantaa. Native of Western Asia. Nat. Ord. AMARYLLIDEZ.—Tribe AMARYLLEA. Genus Srernpercia, Waldst. et Kit.; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 721.) STERNBERGIA macrantha; cormo globoso magno tunicis exterioribus mem- branaceis brunneis, foliis hysteranthiis vernalibus loratis obtusis sub- erectis glaucescentibus obscure carinatis, floribus autumnalibus luteis inodoris, pedunculo brevi occulto, spatha membranacea univalvi inferne cylindrica apice fissa, perianthii tubo cylindrico elongato, limbi lobis oblongis subacutis tubo longioribus, staminibus limbo duplo brevioribus, fructu oblongo, seminibus globosis. S. macrantha, J. Gay in Balans. Plant. Orient. Ezsicc. 1855, No. 827. Baker Handb. Amaryll. p. 33. S. Clusiana, Boiss. Fl. Orient. vol. v. p. 148, non Ker. S. stipitata, Boiss. et Haussk. Fl. Orient., vol. v. p. 148. S. grandiflora, Boiss. in Kotschy Plant. Cilic. Exrsicc. No. 344. S. latifolia, Boiss. et Haussk. Pl. Orient. Exsicc. 1867. This is much the finest of all the Sternbergias, and although it is widely distributed in a wild state, extending from Smyrna eastward to the west of Persia, and southward to Jerusalem and the Sinaitic peninsula, it has only been recently introduced into cultivation. From the familiar S. lutea it differs in its larger flowers, long perianth-tube, and the leaves being produced in spring, instead of with the flowers in autumn. At Kew it was received in a living state for the first time in 1894 from Mr. E. J. Whittall of Smyrna, to whom the Royal Gardens are indebted for so many rare and interesting bulbous plants. It has grown successfully, both in a sheltered border, in the open air, and in pots in acool conservatory. It is so fine a plant that no doubt it will become generally popular. Descr.—Corm large, globose ; outer tunics membranous, brown, extending three or four inches above its neck. Leaves about eight in a rosette, produced in spring, lorate, obtuse, suberect, finally a foot long, and nearly an inch broad. Peduncle short, hidden inside the Fesrvary Ist, 1896. oe : produced outer corm-tunics, always one-flowered. Spathe white, membranous, three or four inches long, cylindrical in the lower half. Flowers bright yellow, inodorous, pro- duced in autumn, Perianth-tube slender, about two inches long; limb three inches long; lobes oblong, subacute. Stamens inserted at the throat of the perianth-tube, half as long as the lobes; anthers linear, dorsifixed. Style reaching to the tip of the anthers. Capsule oblong, an inch and a half long. Seeds subglobose.—J. G. Baker. ’ Fig. 1, Front view of anther; 2, back view of anther; 8, apex of style :— All enlarged, MS del, JN Fitch lith. Vincent Brooks, Day & Son-Lmp L. Reeve & C°Landon HECHTIA arcentea. Native of Mexico. ’ Nat. Ord. Brometracea#.—Tribe Pitcatrniex. ~ Genus Hecutia, Klotzsch ; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 667.) Hecut1a argentea; acaulis, foliis perpluribus dense rosulatis ensiformibus _Tigide coriaceis recurvatis utrinque dense persistenter argenteo-lepidotis ~e basi ad apicem acuminatum sensim attenuatis aculeis marginalibus magnis corneis pallidis, pedunculo elongato, foliis bracteiformibus multos _ ovato-lanceolatis integris scariosis adpressis, floribus in glomerulos multis _ J racteis floriferis ovatis brunneis scariosis flori subzquilongis, sepalis : Biakioves sessilos aggregatis, bracteis primariis parvis ovatis scariosis, - ovatis acutis, petalis oblongis obtusis albis calyce vix longioribus, floribus _ femineis ovario ovoideo, stigmatibus tribus sessilibus falcatis, staminibus Ss rudimentariis. f es H. argentea, Hort. Beaucarne; K. Koch Wochenschrift, 1864, p. 176. Baker tn Bot, Mag. sab t. 6554; Handb. Bromel. p. 139. , : Hechtia is distinguished from all the other genera of Bromeliacee by its small white subunisexual flowers. . About ten species are now known, all of which inhabit — . Mexico and the Southern United States, and can be easily grown in a cool conservatory. The present plant, with its dense tufts of persistent silvery leaves, is the most striking of all of them, and often attracts the attention of the visitors to the’ Cactus House at Kew, where this same plant has lived for at least a quarter ofa century. It grows slowly, and flowers but rarely. - It flowered first in 1870, and the present drawing was partly made then, and was finished in 1895. The first notice I can find of the plant is of its being exhibited by M. Beaucarne at the Inter- national Horticultural Exhibition at Brussels in 1864, There are no wild specimens in the Kew Herbarium. Descr.— Leaves very numerous, forming a dense sessile rosette, recurved, ensiform, acuminate, rigidly coriaceous, narrowed gradually from the base to a long point, per- sistently silvery on both surfaces, reaching a length of two or three feet, armed with copious pungent, pale, horny, Fesrvary Ist, 1896, Ge marginal prickles. Peduncle three feet long, furnished _ with many adpressed entire scariose ovate-lanceolate bract- leaves. lowers subunisexual, aggregate in many globose sessile clusters ; branch-bracts ovate, not longer than the clusters ; flower bracts ovate, brownish, about as long as the flowers. Sepals ovate, one-sixth of an inch long. Petals white, oblong, obtuse, spreading, little longer than the calyx. Ovary large in the female flowers, with three spreading stigmas,. and at its base six rudimentary etamons. —J. G. Baker. 7 Fig. 1, 2, A complete flower; 2, corolla cut open, to show the ovary and rudimentary stamens; 3, horizontal section of ovary, all enlarged; 4, entire plant, much reduced, Vincent Brooks,Day &Son imp dy. Reeve. & OOF a Tas. 7461. BIFRENARIA tyrrantuina. Native of Brazil. Nat. Ord. Orcurprm.—Tribe VanDEX. Genus Birrenarra, Lind/.; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 546, Birrenanria tyrianthina; pseudobulbis magnis ovoideis trigonis subcancellatis, folio sessili elliptico-oblongo, pedunculo valido 3-5-flora decurvo, bracteis spathaceis tubulosis brunneis, pedicellis crassis, floribns amplis rubro-pur- pureis, marginibus sepalorum et petalorum subcrispatis, sepalis oblongo- rotundatis dorsali erecto, lateralibus dorsali multo majoribus latioribusque ope pedis columnz in mentum fere bipollicarem rectum obtusum connatis, etalis sepalo dorsali paullo minoribus subtrapezoideo-obovatis retusis asi cuneatis, labello sepalis multo minore tubo infandibulari, lobis lateralibus rotundatis, terminali lato revoluto intus pilis albis hirsuto, callo tubo incluso crasso carnoso subclavato hirsuto apice truncato, columna brevissime in pedem elongatum hirsutam producta, polliniarum. stipitibus liberis. B. tyrianthina, Reichb. f. Xenia, vol.i. p. 61 and 223. Regel Gartenfl. vol. xiii. (1864) p. 4, t. 422, £.2. Rolfe in Lindenia, vol. x. t. 446. B. Dallemagnei, Hort. Linden. Lycaste tyrianthina, Lodd. Cat. ew Loud. Hort. Brit. Hd. 1850, Suppl. p. 582. Maxillaria tyrianthina, Hort. ex Baxt.in Loud. l.c. Josst, Beschr.u. Cult. Orchid. p. 272. The history of Bifrenaria tyrianthina has been given by Mr. Rolfe in “‘ Lindenia,” cited above. It was introduced by Messrs. Loddiges from Brazil about sixty years ago, and according to Loudon appears in one of Loddige’s catalogues as a Lycaste, but in which of the catalogues (there were several of the plants of that celebrated nursery) does not appear, nor can I find it in any to which I have access. There is a specimen of it in Lindley’s Herbarium (now at Kew) ticketed as from “Mr. Hedges, the Castle, Wal- lingford,” without date, but obtained probably not long after its introduction. Lindley supposed it to be a purple - flowered variety of B. inodora, Lindl. (B. fragrans, Rod- rig.) to which it is very nearly allied; but according to Mr. Rolfe, besides the difference of colour of the flowers, the lip is more velvety, the callus more truncate, and the mentum longer and stouter. A further difference is that B. inodora, though so named by Lindley, is said by Rod- FEBRUARY Ist, 1896, rigues to be very fragrant, and was subsequently named B. fragrans by the latter author. The resemblance of the flowers to those of B. Harrisoniz (Mazillaria Harrisome, Lindl. (see Tab. 2927) is very strong, in all but the colour of the sepals and petals which in that plant are of a pale brown. Amongst other differences are the pollinia, which in B. Harrisoniz are subsessile on a very short broad 2-fid strap. The plant here figured was obtained in 1893 from the establishment of M. Linden, “ L’Horticulture Interna- tionale,” under the name of Bifrenaria Dallemagnei. It flowered in a cool house in the Royal Gardens, Kew,in June, 1895. Descr.—Pseudobulbs three inches long by two and a half broad, ovoid, compressed, trigonous, the sides marked with many shallow depressions, top dark brown. Leaf about six inches long, by two to three broad, sessile, elliptic —oblong, suberect, dark green, many-nerved. Scape de- curved, then ascending, very stout, about three-fid., green, streaked with brown; sheaths few, and spathaceous bracts — brown; pedicel with ovary two inches long, green. Flowers three inches broad across the sepals, nearly three ~ and a half from the tip of the dorsal sepal to that e.. mentum, red purple ; margins of sepals and petals obscurely _ crimped. Dorsal sepal broadly oblong, erect ; lateral del * broader, rounded, connate at their bases with the long hairy foot of the column, forming a straight, spur-like mentum an inch and a half long. Lip much smaller than the sepals, stoutly clawed, three-lobed ; tube funnel- shaped ; lateral lobes rounded, erect ; mid-lobe short, very broad, revolute, undulate, bright red purple, clothed with white hairs; callus forming a very stout, broad hairy cushion between the lateral lobes and ending in a truncate boss. Column very short. Pollinia each on a straight columnar strap, which is seated on an oblong, retuse gland.—J, D. H. Fig. 1, Lip with one side-lobe removed ; 2, column and mentum; 3, anther- cap ; 4, pollinia :-—All enlarged. “HANDBOOK of the BRITISH FLORAL a { Deetflp tien of th Ke Flowering Plants and. Ferns indigenous to, or naturalized in the British. Isles, For the use of Beginners and Amateurs. By Gronce Bewtiam, ; F.R.S. 6th Edition, revised by Sir J. D. Hooker. Crown 8vo, 10s, 6d. ILLUSTRATIONS of the BRITISH FLORA ; a Series of Wood Be Engravings, with DisseGtions, of British’ Plants, from ‘Drawings by W. Bes ae Fircu, F.L.8., and W. G. 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Date and 3 | to, each with 6 beantifally Colo ae Ta MOH i Paid’ is alvanes: oe Th at Sl HOR ths completa eign Finches in Captivity. By ARTHUR G. BUTLER, Ph.D., FLLS., F.Z.8,, F.E.8.- A Part will be issued about every six weeks, commencing Joly ist, The whole will forn: handsome yolume of between 300-and 400 pages, with 60 Plates, by F; Ww. FROWHAWK Sees _coloared. by hand, : % HANDBOOK OF THE BRITISH FLORA. fo or Naturalized in the British Isles. By GEORGE BENTHA MT RS, _ 6th Edition, Revised by Sir J. D. Hooxer, C.B., K.C.8,L, FR. S.,&e. 10s. 6a. ILLUSTRATIONS OF THE BRITISH FLORA: A Series of Wood Engravings, with Dissections, of British Plant Drawn sy W. H. FITCH, F.1.S,, axp W. G. SMITH, PLS. forming an Iliustrated Companion te Benthay’?g * Handbook,” and other . . 8rd Edition, with 1315. Wood Engravings, 10s. 62, L. REEVE & CO., 6, HENRINTTA STREET, covs 7462. M.S del JN Fitch th — Tas. 7462. INCARVILLEA Detavart. Native of China. Nat. Ord. BrenontaceEa.—Tribe TECOMES. Genus Incarvitura, Juss. ; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 1049.) IncanvittKa Delavayi ; glaberrima, caule brevi erecto robusto, foliis pedalibus lineari-oblongis pinnatis, rachi valida, foliolis suboppositis remote 8-10- jugis sessilibus lanceolatis obtusis crenato-lobulatis supremis confluenti- bus, nervis subtus validis, scapo elongato robusto nudo apicem versus plurifloro, bracteis setaceis, floribus magnis breviuscule pedicellatis, calycis tubulosi alte 5-costati puberuli dentibus acuminatis, corolle rosaess tubo 2-pollicari curvo, limbi 3-poll. diam. lobis rotundatis margine undulatis, antherarum loculis glabris. I. Delavayi, Bur. & Franch. in Morot Journ. Bot. (Paris), (1891), 39. Rev. Hortic. 1898, p. 544, fig. 173. Journ. Hortic. Ser. 3, vol. xxx. p. 449, f. 1. tg! i es vol. xliii. (1894), t. 1898. Baillon Histoire des Plantes, vol. x. p. 52. . This superb species of the central Asiatic genus Incarvillea was discovered by the Abbé Delavay in pastures of the lofty mountains of Yunnan in West China, at eleva- tions of 8000-11,500 ft. It was first published by the authors cited above in a paper on the plants of Tibet and China, chiefly collected by Prince Henri d’Orléans, during his and M. Bonvalet’s adventurous journey across Central Asia. In the same paper the authors give diagnoses of eight species from the same region, which, with those previously described, makes ten now known, whereas at the date of the publication of the Bignoniacee in the ‘*Genera Plantarum” (1876), the genus consisted but of one. The only species previously figured in this work is I, Koopmanni, Lauche (Tab. 6593), a native of Turkestan ; as to which the late Dr. Regel informed me by letter that I was right in my supposition as to its being only a variety of I. Olgz, Reg. The plant of I. Delavayi from which the accompanying figure is made, was received from Mr. Max Leichtlin of Baden Baden, in 1894, and flowered in a cool greenhouse of the Royal Gardens in May, 1895. Handsome as it Maxcu Isr, 1896, is it falls far short of the magnificence which the plant attains, for Mr. Thompson of Ipswich informs me that it flowers with him in an open border much more luxuriantly than in a house, one specimen having two scapes with nine and ten leaves, and twelve to thirteen flowers respectively, and that it withstood the cold of last winter (1895) without the slightest protection. Descr.—Rootstock stout, lobed. Stem very short, simple, or very sparingly branched. Leaves few, radical, twelve to eighteen inches long, pinnate; rachis stout, nearly terete; leaflets six to eight rather distant pairs or fewer, four to five inches long, sessile, subopposite, lan- ceolate, subacute, spreading and decurved, unequal-sided, coarsely unequally crenate or lobulate, midrib strong, lower margin, sometimes slightly decurrent, terminal more or less confluent; petiole as long as the blade. Scape as long as the leaves or longer, erect; as thick as a goose-quill, naked, three- to thirteen-fid. ; bracts small, lanceolate; pedicels half an inch long. Caiye an inch long, tubular-campanulate, green, five-angled and -lobed, puberulous ; lobes shorter than the tube, ovate-lanceolate, — acuminate. Corolla bright rose-red; tube three inches — long, decurved, glabrous within, base within the calyx cylindric, above it slightly inflated; limb three to three and a half inches broad, lobes rounded, margins undulate, recurved. Stamens included, filaments glabrous ; anthers glabrous, cells divaricate, dorsally spurred. Disk cupular. Ovary cylindric; style included, stigma large, peltate. Capsule one and a half to two inches long, tetragonous, valves corrugated. Seeds flattened, broadly obovate, winged, rugose.—J. D. H. ) a Fig. 1, Portion of calyx laid open, showin the di | : corolla laid open with stamens ; 3 ane 4, anthers hd miaigea 2 — 7468 Vincent Brooks, Day & SanImp h ch ith ert MS.del JN LReeve & C° London. Taps. 7463. COMANTHOSPHACE JAPONICA. Native of Japan. Nat. Ord. Lasuta.—Tribe SATUREINER. Genus ComantHospHace (Spenser Moore in Lond. Journ. Bot. vol. xv. (1877), p- 293.) CoMANTHOSPHACE japonica; suffruticosa, ramulis tetragonis inflorescentiaque plus minus cano-tomentosis, foliis petiolatis ovatis ovato-lanceolatisve — serratis, verticillastris multifloris in racemum strictum erectum racteatum dispositis, bracteis amplis membranaceis rotundatis concavis rostratis v. acuminatis caducissimis, floribus breviter pedicellatis flavidis, calycis tubulosi enervis dentibus brevissimis obtusis, corolla puberulz tubo exserto intus annulo pubescente cincto, limbi lobis 2 posticis brevi- bus rotundatis erectis, lateralibus paullo majoribus, antico duplo majore hemispherico deflexo, staminibus deflexis, filamentis glaberrimis, antheris minutis globosis, disco annulari, nuculis oblongis truncatis glandulosis. C. japonica, barbinervis, sublanceolata & stellipila, Sp. Moore, be. Pogostemon japonicus, Benth. in Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 1180. Elsholtzia japonica, barbinervis, sublanceolata, & stellipila, Mique! Ann. Mus. Lugd. Bat. vol. ii. p. 103 (Prolus. Japon, p. 35). Franch. § Sav. Enum. Pl. Japon. vol. i. p. 364. The genus Comanthosphace was established upon four species of Japanese plants, first described under Elsholtzia by Miquel, and subsequently referred (as one species, on the authority of Maximovicz) to Pogostemon by Bentham. That the affinity of Comanthosphace is with Pogostemon is, 1 think, unquestionable, as is shown in the structure of the anthers, but it differs from all species of that genus in the form of the corolla, which is 5-lobed, and strongly pilabiate, with a prominent hemispheric lower lip, whereas in Pogostemon the corolla limb is nearly equally 4-fid. As Mr. Moore observes, Comanthosphace approaches Elsholtzia in the form of the corolla which is somewhat two lipped in that genus; but there is a wide difference between them in this organ, and a still wider in the anthers, those of Elsholtzia being ovoid or oblong, and distantly 2-celled, and the cells 2-valved, while in Comanthosphace, as in Pogostemon they are subglobose, imperfectly 2-celled, and 2-valved. In his description of the genus Mr. Moore, by Marcu Isr, 1896. oversight no doubt, describes the flowers as obscurely bracteate, but the bracts are very large, as shown in the figure; they are, however, very caducous. Comanthosphace japonica was raised at the Royal Gardens from seeds sent by Professor Sargent, Di: ector of the Harvard Arboretum, Massachusetts, in 1893: plants raised from which flowered in the open air in the Kew Arboretum in October, 1894. Descr.—A small undershrub, with hoary branches and inflorescence. Stem 4-gonous. Leaves three to five inches ‘long, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, serrate, dark green and subrugosely reticulated above with sunk nerves, pale beneath with raised nerves, base narrowed into a short stout channelled petiole. Spikes terminal, strict, erect, very shortly peduncled ; rachis stout ; flowers very shortly pedicelled in small bracteate verticillasters, about half an inch long; bracts half an inch long, orbicular or ovate, con- cave, beaked, very caducous, pale brown. Calyx tubular- campanulate, 5-toothed, green. Corolla very small, yellow, tube cylindric, girt within with a pubescent ring, lobes small; upper lip obtusely 4-toothed; lower projecting, orbicular, concave. Stamens 4, filaments very long, far exserted, subequal, glabrous; anthers minute, 1-celled, 2-valved. Disk annular. Nucules truncate. Style long, exserted, stigma 2-fid.—J. D. H. : Fig. 1, Flower; 2, corolla laid open with stamens; 3 and 4, top of — filaments with anthers; 5, disk and ovary:—All enlarged. fi ’ 6 EF H . A. 8 ° a ; s Gel, IN Fitch lith S w/ N.S L.Reeve & C°Lendon Tas. 7464, DIPODIUM pPatuposum. Native of the Malayan Peninsula, Nat. Ord. OrcnipEa#.—Tribe VanpDEZx. Genus Driropium, Br.; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen, Plant. vol. iii. p. 539.) Diropium paludosum; caule stricto robusto erecto, foliis distichis erecto- patentibus strictis ensiformibus acutis carinatis, vaginis equitantibus costatis, scapo elongato erecto, racemo laxifloro, bracteis parvis ovatis, ovario elongato, floribus longiuscule pedicellatis albis (intus pallide) purpureo maculatis, sepalis petalisque consimilibus lineari-oblongis ob- tusis patulis demum reflexis, labello sepalis #quilongo anguste lan- ceolato subcymbiforme acuto basi v. altius bidentato conduplicato intus marginibus costaque medio villosis dorso glabro, columna revi crassa lateribus rotundatis antice basin versus excavatum pubescente, anthera parva terminali, polliniis segregatim ope candicularum glandule magne orbiculari affixis, caudiculis pone pollinia calcaratis. D. paludosum, Reichb. f. Xen. Orchid. vol. ii. p.15; in Walp. Ana. vol. vi. p. 648. Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vol. vi. p. 19. b : Gade iophylisis paludosum, Griff. Notul. vol. iii. p. 344; Ic. Pl. Asiat. t. Wailesia paludosa, Reichb. f. in Bonpland (1854), p. 93. Dipodium is one of a few remarkable genera of Orchids in which the species are divisible into two groups of absolutely opposite mode of growth, habit, foliage and inflorescence, but of similar floral structure. It was established by Brown on an Australian leafless plant, with fleshy roots, and no other stem but a scaly flowering scape ; to which was added by Reichenbach two Malayan plants with the habit of that here figured. Hxcept some slight difference in the pollinia, and in the length of the column, that of the leafless species being much longer than of the leafy, I can point out no character beyond that of habit to distinguish these two forms generically. Another species, D. pictum, Reichb. £., a native of the Malayan Peninsula, but first described from Java, has an elongate, scandent, epiphytic stem, from a terrestrial root. — It is the Leopardanthus scandens of Blume, and, like D. pictum, has flowers blotched, in this case with crimson. Should the two forms of the genus be dissociated in name, Leopardanthus should be taken for the leafy forms, having precedence by one year (1848) over Wailesia, | Marcu lar, 1896. which Lindley proposed (Journ. Hort. Soc. iv. (1849) 262 ; Pazxt. Mag. Bot. xvi. 321, with fig.) for the plant described by Blume. D. paludosum is a native of marshes in the Malayan Peninsula. There are specimens of it in the Kew Herbarium from Griffith, who was its discoverer (in or about 1841), and Perak ones from Wray. Griffith found it growing in similar localities to those frequented by several species of Nepenthes, Hypericum and Lycopodium cernuum. The specimen here figured was sent in 1893 from the — Royal Gardens of Glasnevin, Dublin, by their keeper, F. W. Moore, A.L.S., to Kew, where it flowered in July, 1895, in a stove. Deser.—Whole plant two to three feet high. Stem erect, rooting at the base, stout, simple or sparingly branched, densely leafy. Leaves strict, erecto-patent, ten to twelve inches long, by an inch broad, ensiform, sub- acute, distichous, coriaceous, channelled above, keeled beneath, bright green, margins recurved, articulate upon the short green sheath which is very strongly ribbed. Scape axillary, twelve to sixteen inches long with the raceme which occupies half its length, erect, terete, smooth, green; sheaths appressed. Flowers loosely racemed ; bracts very small, ovate, brown. Peduncle with ovary about an inch long, white, spreading. Perianth two inches in diameter, very pale straw colour, or nearly ~ white, with small purple blotches in the backs of the . sepals and petals, which are faintly seen-in front. Sepals — and petals similar, linear-oblong, spreading and recurved, subacute, rather fleshy. Lip as long as the petals, elon- gate cymbiform, two-toothed at the base (the teeth repre- sent lateral lobes); tip acuminate, recurved; base within and margins broadly villous, dorsally glabrous, with rows of purple blotches. Column very short and stout, pubes- cent in the deeply concave front. Anther small. Pollinia oblong, each seated on a rather stout pedicel, which is prolonged into a dorsal spur, and at the base is inserted — on a large orbicular gland.—J. D. H. | Fig. 1, Lip; 2 , column; 3 and 4, pollinia :—all enlarged; 5, reduced view — of whole plant. 7165 nim ) Dav & So pr Vincent Brooks MS del. I NFitchith L, Reeve & C2London, Tas. 7465. MASSONTA. JASMINIFLORA. Native of Orange Free State. Nat. Ord. Littacem.—Tribe ALLIER. Genus Massonia, Thunb.; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 806.) Massonia jasminiflora ; foliis binis synanthiis patulis humifusis suborbiculari- bus levibus glabris viridibus verticaliter multistriatis, floribus albis suaveolentibus in umbellam centralem sessilem dispositis, pedicellis brevissimis, bracteis membranaceis albis apice viridibus exterioribus ovatis perianthii tubo brevioribus, perianthii tubo subcylindrico, lobis ovato-lanceolatis patulis tubo duplo brevioribus, staminibus lobis brevioribus, filamentis linearibus basi connatis, antheris oblongis parvis. M. jasminiflora, Hort. Burchell ; Baker in Journ. Linn. Soe. vol. xi. p. 390. This genus Massonia, which was named by Thunberg in commemoration of the botanical explorer, David Masson, is entirely confined to Cape Colony. About thirty species are now known, but they are very rarely seen in cultivation. The present plant was discovered at the beginning of the century by the celebrated traveller Burchell, but up till now it has only been known from a single specimen dried from his garden at Fulham in 1818, and preserved, like the rest of his Cape and Brasilian plants, in the Kew Herbarium. It was sent alive to the Royal Gardens in 1892 by the Rey. F. O. Miles of Almonbury, Bristol, who had received it-from the Orange Free State. All the species of the genus agree closely in general habit. This one belongs to a small group in which the stamens are shorter than the perianth-lobes. It is probable that it is the plant upon which Salisbury founded his genus Podocallis. Deser.—Bulb ovoid, tunicated. Leaves two to a bulb, spreading on the surface of the ground, suborbicular, minutely cuspidate two or three inches long and broad, glabrous, smooth, dull green, with about fifteen distinctly marked vertical ribs. Umbel sessile in the centre of the two leaves, many-flowered ; pedicels very short; bracts ovate, small, membranous, white, tipped with green. Perianth white; tube subcylindrical, half an inch long; Marcu Ist, 1896, lobes ovate-lanceolate, spreading, half as long as the tube. Stamens inserted at the throat of the perianth- tube, rather shorter than the lobes; filaments linear, connate at the base; anthers oblong, small. Ovary am- pulleform, narrowed gradually into the short style— J. G. Baker. Fig. 1, Bract; 2, flower, cut open; 3, front view of anther; 4, back view of anther; 5, pistil; 6, horizontal section of ovary :—AJi enlarged. 66. Vincent Brooks Day &SonImp I. Reeve & C°Lonean Tas. 7466. UTRIC ULARIA JANTHINA. Native of Brazil. Nat. Ord. LENTIBULARIES. : Genus Urricuntarm, Linn.; ort & ape f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 987.) UrRicuLaRia (Oligocista) uitteede folio sie petiolato reniformi ‘adejeelima _ undulato, seapo 6-8-floro petiolo longiore, bracteis tripartitis pedicellis — elongatis multoties brevioribus, laciniis lanceolatis intermedio | ngiore, + floribus amplis, sepalis subaequalibus | -eymbiformibus - obtusis, corolle - pallide violacew labio dato valde hemispherico inferiore bilabellato labello _ 2 valde atato transverse oblongo lateribus = Uz janthina, Hook. £ _. The nearest allied species of Utricularia to U. janthina — is U. reniformis, St. Hil, and I long hesitated before venturing to regard the former as anything but a variety, — differing notably in the colour of the flowers, those of | U. reniformis being described as rose-colrd., with two darker lines on the palate; observations which must have been made on. the living plant by the author, who was also the discoverer of the species. Nor is it easy to reconcile the characters of the corollas of the two plants, that of reniformis being described as having the P lateral lobes broad, the mid-lobe much shorter, and hardly on | duced. can all: “other respects the two plants seem to ss ‘coun the | Province of Minas Geraes in Brazil; but — convexo fasciis 2 aureis verticalibus in- = upper lip truncate emarginate, the lower 38-lobed, the | ‘: eal characters. They also inhabit the same — 4 they diffe remarkably i in choice of conditions under which ae _ they were respectively found, for U. reniformis 3 is described _ . as inhabiting sphagnous swamps, and U. janthina the axils of the leaves of a Vriesia, probably V. Glaziovit, Mr. Sander, by whom U. janthina was introduced into Be : _ England, infornia me that this and U. longifolia, Gardn., — _ both grow on Vriesias, and a are 7 saficult oh ee, cs, - Manxcu 1st, 1896, ; ree ee for they require that water should frequently be poured _ over them during the voyage. Also that the Central _ American and Roraima (Guiana) species are comparatively much easier of importation: = es Plants of U.janthina were received at Kew from Messrs. Sander in 1892. Mr. Watson informs me its first formed leaves were twice as large as those here figured. It al flowered for the first time in Europe in a stove in the Ro Gardens, in July, 1895, the scape being eighteen inche long. ? . ae 3 Spey oo two to four inches in diameter, reniform, quite entire, undulate, suddenly contracted at the cordate _ base into a slender dull red petiole four to six inches long, pale green on both surfaces ; nerves flabellate, very obscure, _ Scape twice as tall as the petiole, green, about six-flowered, naked, except for one to two lanceolate, green bracts about half an inch long. Flowers racemed; pedicels slender, one to one and a quarter inches long; bracts h shorter than th els, erect, herbaceous, green, yes: lat lateral half as long as the — a ped, obtuse, her- — broad, quit _ Spur elongate, incurved lum, and protruded shortly beyor it. Ovary ovoid; pr duced into a short, stout style, which is dilated into a lobed stigma, with a short, incurved, spur-like upper lobe, and a broad, undulate lower one.—J.D.H. . Fig. 1, Portion of lower lip of corolla, with stamens; 2, ovary :—Both enlarged. : ; "BRITISH, ‘COLONIAL, “AND” FOREIGN HANDBOOK of the RRITISH FLORA, a » Desseiption of. the Flowering Plants and Ferns indigenous to, or naturalized im the B: Isles. For the use of Beginners and Amateurs. By Gaorek Banta - ¥FLRS. 6th Edition, revised by Sir J. D. Hooker. (Crown 8ya, 10s. 6d. ILLUSTRATIONS of the BRITISH FLORA ; a Series of We Engravings, with Dissections, of British Plants, Bork Drawings by Ww. oie Fircn, F.L.S., and W. G. 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Pubinhed under the auspices of the several Governments of Australia: FLORA of MAURITIUS and the SEYCHELLES: a Dese tion of the Flowering Plants and Ferns of those Islands. By J. G. B ¥.L.8. Complete in 1vol., 24s. Published under the ‘anbhonity Colonicl Government of Mauritius. : FLORA CAPENSIS: a Systematic Description of the Plant df the Cape Colony, Caffraria, and Port Natal. By Wittram Hy Ba ih MD CRE GS i: 8., and Orro Witnenm Sonpnr, Ph.D. Vols. 1.—ILL., 18s, ¢ FLORA of TROPICAL AFRICA. By Dante O1iven Vols. 1.to HT., each 20s. Published ‘under the anth nmissioner of Her Maiesty’s Works. Zs the NEW ZEALAND HORA Colonies, The Sup pplen ON the FLORA of AU ei MAGAZINE, _ CONTENTS OF No. 615, MARCH, 1896. Tas. 7462. .INCARVILLEA DELAVAYI. - » 7463.—COMANTHOSPHACE JAPONICA, 7464.-DIPODIUM PALUDOSUM. -7465.—M ASSONTA JASMINIFLORA, — 7466.—UTRICULARIA JANTHINA. L. Reeve & Co., 6, Henrietta Street, Covent Garden. 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CURTIS'S BOTANICAL ‘MAGAZINE, coueRtINe PFA LOL PTL ALIN NOS EME ED Nature and Art to adorn the page combine, - se en ene Pe gee RAL IAP epi PR ET Puig LONDON: | Re ROYAL BOTANIG SOCIETY, 1896, GRAND DAFFODIL CONFERENCE AND ec epraees: ce in April. The dates will be announced. | ; SUMMER EXHIBITION, Wednesday, May 18th. vad SPECIAL FLORAL FETE AND CHILDREN’S PARADE, Wednesday, June 10th. FELLOWS’ DINNER IN THE GARDENS. Probable date, ae June llth. ‘ GARDEN PARTY AND RECEPTION TO THE FELLOWS : ‘by His Hienyess tHe Duxe or Tacx, President. Date and] particulars will be announced. d _ EVENING FETE AND EXHIBITION, Jaly 1st. _ EXHIBITION OF CHRYSANTHEMUMS early in November. BOTANICAL LECTURES, Fridays in May and June. - MUSICAL PROMENADES, Wednesdays, May 20th to August tag i cea Exhibition and Féte. ‘Now ready, Second Bditicn HANDBOOK OF BRITISH ea ne Containing all that are known to : the British Isles... By the Rev. M. J. _ BERKEL ms 24 pee Ba, ata *y ready, ae vItL, o se Sees in Te . 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NFitch lith 1, Reeve & C° London Tas. 7467. POSOQUERIA macropus. Native of Brazil. Nat. Ord. Rusracez#.—Tribe GARDENIEX. Genus Posoqueria, Aubl, ; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 83. PosoqueRIA macropus; ramulis petiolis foliis subtus panicule ramis calyci- basque pubescentibus, foliis breviter petiolatis ovatis acutis v. acumi- natis supra lete viridibus inter nervos profunde impressos tumidis, subtus pallidis nervis prominulis, stipulis triangularibus acutis v. longe acuminatis, panicula breviter pedunculata multiflora, bracteis minutis, calycis lobis brevibus obtusis, corollee tubo 5-pollicari, ore villoso, limbi alabastro-erecti ovoidei lobis pollicaribus lineari-oblongis apice rotun- datis sinistrorsum contortis, antheris lineari-oblongis connectivo crasso, eae margine pilosulis, stigmate bicruri cruribus recurvis glandulosis pllosis. : P. macropus, Vart. in Flora, xxiv. (1841) Beibl. II. p. 79. Mart. Fl. Bras. vol. vi. pt. vi. p. 336, t. 140, f. 1. P. multiflora, Lemaire Illustr. Hortic. vol. xvi. (1869) t. 597. Posoqueria is a tropical American genus, which is described as having the limb of the corolla when in inclined and gibbous; but this is not the case in P. macropus, nor in several other species which I have examined. All are shrubs or small trees, most of them with large glossy very coriaceous leaves. P. macropus is one of the only two described species in which the leaves are pubescent beneath. The other is P. palustris, Mart., with narrowly oblong leaves, and subcoriaceous calyx- lobes. P. macropus was described by Martius in 1841, with the habitat and collector’s name of ‘* Minas?, Schick.” | In his great “Flora Brasiliensis,” cited above, the additional habitats are given of S. Brazil, and Campos of Rio de Janeiro, Glazivu. More recently it has been found in the Province of Sta. Catharina, by M. Gautier, who sent plants of it to Messrs. Verschaffelt of Ghent, when it was published as P. multiflora, by Lemaire. It is fairly well figured in the “Flora Brasiliensis,” but evidently from a poor dried specimen; the corolla lobes are represented as too narrow, and the hairs at the mouth are omitted, otherwise the figure is very characteristic. APRIL Ist, 1896, - The plant has been for many years in cultivation in the Royal Gardens, Kew, having in all probability béen obtained from Messrs. Verschaffelt’s establishment, one of the oldest surviving correspondents of the Royal Gardens of Kew. It forms a bush in a tropical house three to four feet in height, flowering in May. The flowers are very fragrant. Descr.—A much-branched bush; branchlets, leaves be- neath, petioles and branches of the panicle hispidulously _ pubescent. Leaves four to five inches long, shortly — petioled, ovate or ovate-oblong, subacute, dark green and glossy above, swollen between the eight to ten pairs of deeply sunk nerves, paler beneath with raised nerves ; base rounded; margins recurved; stipules triangular, brown, acute, or acuminate. Panicle many-fiowered, very shortly peduncled; branches short, opposite; bracts minute ; pedicels short, stout. Calyx hispidulous, one-sixth of an inch long; tube hemispheric; lobes 5, short obtuse. Corolla pure white; tube five inches long, quite glabrous, slender, not or obscurely dilated towards the summit, limb oblong and erect in bud, with the lobes overlapping to | the left, five-partite, lobes spreading and recurved, linear- oblong, convex, tip rounded; mouth villous with white cellular hairs. Stamens five, inserted at the mouth of the corolla, erect; filaments very short, glabrous; anthers linear-oblong, margins of the cells villous. Ovary two- celled, crowned with a fleshy disk; ovules many; style — very long, filiform; stigma of two revolute, narrow, hispid — lobes.—J. D. H. Fig. 1, Calyx and style; 2, vertical section of calyx and ovary ; 3, portion of limb and upper part of tube laid open ; 4 and 5, stamens :—AU/ enlarged. 7468 Vincent Brooks Day &Sonimp L Reeve & C°London Tas. 7468. - HYPOCYRTA putcura. Native of New Grenada. Nat. Ord. Gesneracrem.—Tribe CyRTANDRE. Genus Hypocyrrra, Mart.; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. 11. p. 1010.) Hyrocrrta pulchra; tota hirtula, caule erecto robusto annulato, foliis petiolatis ovatis subacutis basi rotundatis v. sub-cordatis serrulatis, supra fusco-viridibus bullatis setulosis (setulis albidis tuberculis globosis insertis) nervis arcoatis utrinque 10-12 pallidioribus, subtus rubris nervis nervulicque prominulis hirtellis reticulatis, petiolo terete valido, pedun- culis solitariis axillaribus petiolis longioribus erectis validis superne incrassatis, sepalis amplis late ovatis cinnabariuis costa valida, corolla calyce duplo longiore ampullewformi hirsuta, tubo basi gibbo flavido, ore constricto, lobis 5 parvis cinnabariais recurvis, staminibus 4, filamentis superne tortis basi dilatatis et in vaginam postice fissam basi corolle insertam confluentibus, antheris didymis, disco erecto postico, ovario hirsuto, stylo glabro., : H. pulchra, N. EF. Br. in Gard. Chron. (1894) vol. ii: p. 244; in Kew Bulletin, 1895, App. II. p. 44. : Of the eighteen or twenty known species of Hypocyrta, none equal H. pulchra in brilliancy of colouring. Some idea of the more usual appearance presented. by the species may be gained by a reference to two published in this magazine, H. strigillosa, Mart. t. 4047, and H. glabra, Hook. t. 4346. These, like H. pulchra, are plants of erect habit with opposite leaves, solitary axillary flowers, large sepals, and an urceolate more or less gibbous corolla with a constricted mouth and small recurved lobes. All have the filaments dilated at the base and confluent in a broad lamina. Of two other plants published in this magazine as belonging to Hypocyrta, one, H. gracilis, Mart., belongs to the genus Codononthe, Hanst., and the other, H. leuco- stoma, Hook., to Besleria. The nature of the very short pubescence of the upper surface of the leaves of H. pulchra is very curious (see fig. 1). The whole epidermis is covered with close-set minute globose papillz each surmounted by a short bristle. : Hypocyrta pulchra is a native of New Grenada, whence it was imported by Messrs. J. Veitch & Sons, from whom the plant figured was obtained. It flowered in a stove of the Royal Gardens in June, 1895. Arnit Ist, 1896, Descr.—Stem very stout, erect, columnar, five inches high, and haJf an inch in diameter in the specimen figured, annulate, with minute buds at the lower nodes, dull grey green below, clouded with pale brown, vinous red above, and minutely pubescent. Leaves four to five by three and a half inches, ovate, subacute, base cordate, rather fleshy, serrulate; upper surface bullate, dull green, clouded with brown, and clothed with tubercle-based setule; beneath vinous-red hispidulous, lacunose, midrib pale above; nerves about twelve pairs, arching, sunk above, very pro- minent beneath, with prominent reticulating nervules ; petiole about half an inch long, very stout, vinous red. Flowers axillary, solitary. Pedicels one to one and a half inch long, erect, stout, pubescent, rather thickened up- ward, scarlet. Sepals half an inch long, ovate-cordate, erect, pubescent, scarlet. Corolla nearly an inch long, urceolate, hirsute except at the glabrous base, pale yellow ; mouth constricted, lobes very short, broadly ovate, re- curved, scarlet. Filaments dilated below, and confluent in . a deep lamina. Disk oblong, placed behind the ovary. Ovary pubescent; style glabrous; stigma capitate, his- pidulous.—J. D. H. Fig. 1, Superficial papillae and hairs of the leaf: 2, corolla; 3, base of -eorolla and stamens; 5, ovary and disk :—Al/ enlarged. : Oe gees MS del, JNFitch hth Vincent Brooks Day &.Son Imp L. Reeve & C° London. Tas. 7469. OLYRA coNCcINNA, Native of Costa Rica. Nat. Ord. GramMinE&.—Tribe PanicEz. Genus Otyra, Linn.; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 1110.) OLYRA concinna; gramen nanum, dense czespitosum, glaberrimum, culmis filiformibus simplicibus decurvis pendulisque foliosis, foliis omnibus conformibus confertis distichis parvulis ovatis cuspidato-acuminatis inzequilateris basi rotundatis marginibus ciliolatis, costa tenui, nervis creberrimis, vaginis lamina multoties brevioribus apice 2-auriculatis, auricula altera longius producta, ligula brevi rotundata, spicis axillaribus et terminalibus brevibus, rachi filiformi stricta, spiculis 3, fem. 2 brevissime pedicellatis majusculis altera basi altera apice racheos elongate inserta, masc. solitaria minuta basi spice inserta longe pedicellata : spic. masc.: gluma solitaria oblonga obtusa 1-nervi, palea glumx zquilo binervi, staminibus 3, lodiculis 3 minimis; spic. fem.: glumis 3, I et I lanceolatis acuminatis 3-nerviis herbaceis, III paulo breviore breviter stipitata obtusiuscula coriacea pallida marginibus involutis, palea glamz fere 2quilonga, lodiculis 3 ovato-rotundatis, ovario in stylum elongatum capillarem angustato, stigmatibus 2 brevibus. O. concinna, Hook. f. Olyra is rather a large genus of tropical grasses, all except one or two African, being American, It is re- markable for the great variety it displays in habit, foliage, inflorescence, and sexuality of the spikes, and in the forms of the spikelets and their glumes, which has necessitated the lengthy description given above. The majority of the species are tall, often branched, or even suffruticose plants, with broad, flat, coriaceous leaves often petioled on their sheaths ; but a few are of the humble growth of O. concinna. Amongst the latter I find none described to which O. con- cinna could be referred, but there is in the Kew Herbarium a flowerless specimen of a species which, if not the same, must be very closely allied to it. This last differs in having rather longer and narrower leaves, and somewhat hairy leaf- sheaths; it was found by Dr. Traill, F.R.S. (now Professor of Botany at Aberdeen) in the Rio Jarua, an affluent of the Upper Amazons river, in 1874. Of the described ecies the nearest in habit and foliage to O. concinna is lypodioides, Trin. (Doell in Mart. Fl. Bras. i. 11, 327, 1896. 0. Arrit 1s * t. 45, f. 1), which, with similar habit, differs totally in inflorescence and spikelets. : “4 O. concinna arrived at the Royal Gardens, Kew, in 1891, in a box of filmy-ferns, sent by Mr. C. Winkle, from San José in Costa Rica. It flowered in January, 1895, and forms a very elegant evergreen pot-plant. Descr.—A dwarf, densely tufted, perennial grass, quite glabrous. Stems six to ten inches long, filiform, at first erect, then decurved and drooping, clothed with leaves, except the erect basal portion. Leaves an inch long, uni- _ form in disposition and form throughout the stems, dis- — tichous, sessile in the very short sheaths, almost imbri- cating, ovate, cuspidately acuminate, unequal-sided, striate with close-set nerves, midrib faint, base rounded, margins ciliolate, dark green above, often at length rufous towards the tips, pale beneath; sheaths slightly com- pressed, mouth unequally two-auricled, ligule short, rounded. Spikes rather shorter than the leaves, terminal and axillary; peduncle enclosed in the leaf-sheaths and rachis very slender, strict, rigid, compressed. Spikelets three, two fem. and one male. Jem. spikelets very distant, one at the top, the other half an inch below it at the base of the spike, lanceolate, about half an inch long; gl. I and II herbaceous, lanceolate, acuminate, 3-nerved, margins incurved, III shortly stipitate, coriaceous, margins in- volute; palea like the gl. but *ather shorter and narrower. Lodicules 8. Style very long and slender, stigmas short. Male spikelets solitary in a long filiform pedicel inserted at the base of the lower fem. spikelet ; very minute; gl. solitary, 1-nerved; stamens 3, with 3 minute lodicules at their bases.—J. D. H. Fig. 1, Leaf and spike; 2, male spikelet; 3, its glume; 4, stamens and lodicules; 5, fem. spikelets with gl. I removed; 6, palea; 7, stipes of gl. III with lodicules and style and stigmas; 8, lodicule :—A/I enlarged, ew é ) AES; WN) . ‘a = —— ; EN, Semmes ; Wines: oe J pare Tien WiSae N Fitch De Rete Nah td. INLAY Tas. 7470. CATASETUM Ranpu (Masc.). Native of Brazil. Nat. Ord. OrncHIDEZ.—Tribe VanDEx. Genus Catasetum, Rich.; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p.537.) Carasetum (Myanthus) Randii (Masc ); pseudobulbis oblongis, foliis oblongo- lanceolatis acuminatis, scapo ascendente plurivaginato vaginis brevibus obtusis, racemo masculo erecto multifloro ; floribus masculis 2% poll. latis, sepalis petalisque subconsimilibus patentibus lanceolatis acutis subun- dulatis marginibus incurvis pallide viridibus purpureo-macalatis, labello parvo infero trilobo, lobis lateralibus brevibus fimbriatis, basi inter lobos laterales crista compressa erecta lamellata lamellis fimbriatis instructo, lobo terminali angusto lineari porrecto basi dilatato et dorso tumido- marginibus fimbriatis, dein integro apice truncato denticulato, disco basin versus setis elongatis nicillato, columna clavata tereti, antennis deflexis incurvis, anthera longe rostrata, polliniis obovoideis, caudicula lineari, glandula orbiculari floribus fom. subglobosis, sepalis petalisque oblongis recurvis, labello supero urceolari hemispherico, columna brevissima crassa rostrata. C. Randii, Rolfe in Kew Bulletin, 1894, p. 394; 1895, App. IT. p. 36. Mr. Rolfe, who first distinguished and published this species, observes that its nearest, and indeed very near ally, is (as a reference to the figures at t. 7069 of this maga- zine shows) C. Garnettianum, Rolfe, a native also of the Amazons. Indeed, except from its much larger size, more spotted perianth, and the far more complicated appendages of the lip, Randii might be regarded as an exaggerated and more highly developed form of Garnettianum, which suggests that intermediates connecting them may be discovered. The pollinia of the two are identical. Under the above cited plate I have described the affinities of Garnettianum with its other allies, to which I must refer for information on this point in respect of C. Randii. I have in the same article given Mr. Rolfe’s sections of the genus Catasetum, founded on their sexuality and the position of the lip; where these dicecious species with deflexed antenne on the male column, an anticous lip of the male, and a posticous lip of Apxit Ist, 1896. the female, form the section Myanthus. This, of course, includes both Randii and Garneitianum. The drawing of the male plant here reproduced, was made from a specimen sent by E. S. Rand, Esq., of Para, to whom the Royal Gardens are also indebted for (. Lemosit, Rolfe, figured at Tab. 7444, It arrived in 1894, and flowered in a stove in March, 1895, Figure 5, represent- ing a female flower, was drawn from a specimen preserved in alcohol, also sent by Mr. Rand. The precise habitat of both is the Upper Amazons, above Manaos. ee Descr.—Marz prant. Pseudobulbs about four inches long, oblong, obtuse, compressed, sulcate. Scape four to five inches long, ascending, stout, with four to five short tubular obtuse sheaths. Raceme many-fid., inclined, flowers rather crowded, about two and a half inches broad. Bracts lanceolate, lower half an inch long; pedicels with Ovary spreading, about twice as long as the bracts. Sepals spreading, lanceolate, acute, with incurved margins, rather flexuous, pale apple-green, with small transverse, purple-brown spots. Petals like the sepals, erect, with recurved tips. Lip not half as long as the sepals, three- lobed ; lateral lobes short, broad, deeply fimbriate, with a large erect lamellate and fimbriate crest on the disk of the lip between them; mid-lobe longer than the lateral, dilated and fimbriate on each side towards its base, then linear, truncate and crenate at the tip, base with a large dorsal rounded knob, disk towards the base with a brush of long fleshy filaments. Column stout, terete, speckled with purple, beaked at the tip; antennz deflexed, and a little incurved. Anther long-beaked. Pollinia obovoid, caudicle jinear ; gland orbicular.—Fem. piant; flower subglobose ; sepals and petals linear-oblong, revolute ; lip posticous, pitcher-shaped ; column very short and stout, cuspidate.— J.D), H, Fig. 1, Lip; 2, column of male; 3 and 4, pollinia; 5, fem. flower :—AIl but fig. 5 enlarged. MSdel IN Fitch lith. Vincent Brooks Day & Son Imp L.Reeve & (COT andan Tas. 7471. PHALERIA ampigaua. Native of Java. Nat. Ord. ToymeL#acra.—Tribe PHALERIES. Genns Paaterta, Jack.; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 199.) PuHaLeRIa ambigua; arbuscula scandens, glabra, ramulis teretibus fuscis, foliis breviter petiolatis ellipticis apice cuspidato-acuminatis base acutis, nervis utrinque ad sex, nervulis gracillimis, supra saturate subtus pallide viridibus, capitulis axillaribus et pseudo-terminalibus _ sessilibus multi-densifloris, involucri foliolis ovato-oblongis obtusis -viri- dibus, floribus albis flavo pallide suffusis puberulis, perianthii tubo 3- pollicari gracili superne vix ampliato, limbi lobis f oliisaribas late ovatis apice rotundatis, staminibus 8, filamentis filiformibus glabris v. ima basi puberulis lobis perianthii longioribus 4 fauci 4 ore corolle insertis erectis antheris parvis connectivo dorso glanduloso. Drymispermum ambiguum, Meissn. in DO. Prodr. vol. xiv. p, 605. Miquel _ Fl. Ind. Bat. vol. i. p. 886. ; D. lancifolium, Zoll. Cat. Verz. vol. ii. p. 117. The species of Phaleria are extremely difficult of dis- crimination, from Herbarium specimens especially, and the Javanese botanists have, in the magnificent Botanical Gardens and Herbarium of Buitenzong, the only full materials for the elucidation of its Malayan members. One has been figured in this work, P. lawrifolia, Benth., Tab. 5787, Drymispermum laurifolium (Decne.), from a plant received from the Botanical Gardens of Ceylon, and which came from Buitenzorg, under the latter name; though its correctness is far from satisfactorily established, as pointed out by Bentham in the “ Flora Australiensis ” (vol. vi. p. 38). P. ambigua, here figured, was sent, so named, to the Royal Gardens, Kew, from those'of Buiten- zorg in 1894, but it does not altogether agree with Meissner’s description of that plant, which has an eight- flowered head, and nine to fifteen pairs of nerves in the leaf, characters of relative importance probably, and not specific. In so far as I can ascertain from the published descriptions and Herbarium specimens, the plant here figured (whether or no rightly named) differs from all other Arrit Ist, 1896, hitherto described. Upwards of twenty species of the genus are known, all, with the exception of an Indian one, natives of the Malayan Archipelago, Australia, and the Pacific Islands; some of them under the generic name of Drimy- spermum, Reinwardt (altered to Drymispermum by Reichen- bach) all agree in the short involucral leaves, numerous flowers in a head, broadly ovate pubescent perianth- lobes, and perhaps also in the climbing habit, which last character, however, I do not find to be attributed to the genus, or to any described species of it except P. ambigua. The Royal Gardens, Kew, are indebted to Dr. Treub, Director of the Buitenzorg Botanical Gardens, for many interesting plants, including the above, which flowered in a stove in May of the present year, and was, like its allies the Daphnes, deliciously fragrant. Descr.—A climbing, glabrous shrub, branches terete, bark brown. JLLeaves four to five inches long, shortly petioled, elliptic, cuspidately acuminate, base acute, light green above, pale and yellower beneath, nerves about. six pairs, rather slender. Heads of twelve to fifteen flowers, axillary, and subterminal ; involucral bracts ovate, obtuse, herbaceous, green. Perianth pure white, or faintly flushed with dull yellow, minutely pubescent; tube three-quarters of an inch long, slender, hardly dilated upwards; limb as ~ broad across the broadly ovate obtuse lobes. 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SMITH, P.LS _ F-aming an Illustrated Companion to Ben bits “ Handbook,” and other Brit he 3rd Edition, with 1315 Wood Engravings, 10s: 62, 4. REEVE & CO., 6, HENRIETTA STREET, COVENT GARDEN. 1972 MS del.J.N Fitch ith. _ Vincent Brooks,Day & Sonimp LReeve & C°London, " Tas. 7472. OSTROWSKIA MAGNIFICA. Native of Central Asia. Nat. Ord. Campanunacex.—Tribe CAMPANULEA. Genus Ostrowsxia; (Regel in Act. Hort, Petrop. vol. viii. (1884) p. 686, t. 1.) OstRowsKIa magnifica; radice tuberoso, caule 3-5-pedali simplici robusto fistuloso, foliis breviter petiolatis verticillatis ovatis dentatis, floribus amplis in racemum terminalem pauciflorum dispositis erectis, calycis tubo turbinato sulcis per a limbi laciniis alternantibus in- structo, limbi lobis 5-9 lineari-lanceolatis, corolla late campanulata, tubo 15-24 costato, lobis 5-9 brevibus latis, staminibus 5-9, filamentis brevibus basi dilatatis et pilosis, antheris lineari-elongatis demum tortis, ovario 5-9-loculare, stylo crasso, stigmatibus 5-9 linearibus recurvis primum in columnam fusiformem cohwrentibus, capsula pergamenea turbinata poris lateralibus magnis oblongis dehiscente, seminibus ovoideis compressis anguste alatis. O. magnifica, Regel Deser. Pl. Nov. fase. ix. (1884) p. 46, t. 1. Gartenfl. vol. xxxvi. (1887) p. 639, fig. 160. André Rev. Hortic. (1888) p. 344, f. 72; (1893) p. 348. Gard. Chron. (1888) vol. ii. p. 65, f. 6. Illustr. Hortic. vol. xxxv. t.71. Journ. Hortic. Ser. II. vol. xxvii. 1893, p. 5385. Le Jardin (1888) p. 175. This stately plant is one of the many botanical dis- coveries in Central Asia made by Albert, son of the late Dr. de Regel, so long the able and energetic Director of the Imperial Botanical Gardens of St. Petersburgh. During a long residence in Western Turkestan, where he served in the Imperial Army, and made some remarkable exploratory journeys, the then young Albert Regel devoted himself with great success to enriching the collections under his father’s charge, and Ostrowskia is one of the most striking of the results of his labours. Its precise locality is the Khanat of Dharwar in Eastern Bokhara, where it was found at an elevation of 7000 ft. above the sea. Botanically Ostrowskia is almost too closely allied to Cam- panula, from which it is distinguished by the whorled leaves, the numerous divisions of the calyx and lobes of the corolla of the cells of the ovary and stigmas, and by the pores of dehiscence of the capsule being double the sepals in num- ber. Ostrowskia, as Dr. de Regel states, commemorates May Ist, 1896, the services of an illustrious patron of science, N. ab Ostrowsky. The drawing of this noble plant was made from a specimen kindly communicated by F. Ducane Godman, Esq., F.R.S., in whose rich garden at South Lodge, Horsham, it flowered in June, 1895. It was one of eight stems about five feet high, borne on the same plant. Plants of it had flowered in the Rock Garden of Kew some years previously, and in many continental gardens. Descr.—A tall, strict, stout, erect, glabrous herb. oot tuberous. Stem four to five feet high, as thick as a goose- quill, quite simple, terete, pale green speckled with red- brown. Leaves in distant whorls of four to five, except the lowest, which are opposite, four to six inches long, ovate, acute, toothed, narrowed into a short winged petiole, pale green, subrugose above; midrib and five to six pairs of nerves prominent beneath. lowers three to six, in a terminal corymbiform raceme; pedicels stout, erect, terete, bracteate at the base and middle; bracts small, lanceolate, acute, withering. Flowers erect, very large, four inches 2s across the mouth of the corolla. Caiyz-tube turbinate, with a pair of oblong parallel depressions between the lobes ; lobes two inches long, linear-lanceolate, acuminate, green, spreading and recurved. Corolla broadly cam- panulate, pale lilac; tube two inches. long, terete, with three ribs opposite each lobe; lobes very short, broadly triangular, broader than long, spreading and recurved. Stamens as many as the calyx lobes, very short ; filaments short, flat, suddenly dilated into a fleshy, hairy, tumid base ; anthers very narrow, half an inch long, at le twisted. Ovary 5—9-celled, style very stout, short, pubes cent; stigmas 5-9, at first coherent in a fusiform column. Capsule turbinately pyriform, crowned with the calyx- lobes, dehiscing, by 10-24 lateral pores. Seeds ovoid, compressed, narrowly winged—J. D. A. Fig. 1, Flowers with corolla removed, the anthers withered, and tumid b: of the filaments shrunk ; 2, stamens :—Both enlarged. : ppt Vincent Brooks Day & Son imp Tas. 7473. PITTOSPORUM sriocarpum. ‘ Native of the Himalaya. Nat. Ord. PrrrosporE2. Genus Pitrosporum, Banks; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 131.) PITTOSPORUM ertocarpum ; arbor parva, ramulis subverticillatis, foliis junioribus et inflorescentia floccoso-tomentosis, foliis ovatis oblongis v. oblongo- obovatis obtusis acutisve basi cuneatis utrinque tomentosis supra demum glabratis costa subtus nervisque utrinque 12-15 validis, paniculis ad apices ramulorum corymbosis breviter pedunculatis multifloris, floribus breviter pedicellatis, sepalis ovatis ovato-lanceolatisve tomentosis, corolle flaves petalis in tubum sepalis quadruplo breviorem cohzrentibus, — ovario tomentoso, capsula globosa tomentosa polysperma, valvis lignosis. P. eriocarpum, Royle Illustr. Bot. Himal.p. 77. Hook. f. Fl.-Brit. Ind. vol. i, p- 199. Brandis, For. Flor. N.W. Ind. 19, Pittosporum, Wall. Oat. n. 8129, 8131, Solanum? Wall.Cat. n. 9074. The genus Pittosporwm contains not a few handsome shrubs and small trees that, but for the winter cold of England, should thrive in our gardens. Of these only four, as appears from the ‘‘ Handbook of the Kew Arbore- tum,” have as yet been introduced into Kew, and proved more or less hardy. They are the long established P. Tobira, Ait., of China and Japan-(Plate 1396) ; P. crassi- folium, Soland. (Plate 5978) which flourishes in the south- west of England, and especially in the Scilly Islds.; P. _undulatum, Vent. of 8.W. Australia; and P. tenuifolium, Banks and Sol. of New Zealand, which is certainly the hardiest of the four, as it well may be, from its inhabiting _ the whole length of the New Zealand islands as far south as Otago. oe: | P. eriocarpum is a native of the Western Himalaya in the provinces of Kumaon and Garwhal, at elevations of 3000-5000 ft. Of the ten Indian species it is the only one that may prove hardy in this country, especially if the seeds were obtained from plants at the highest level of its range. Of the twelve or more New Zealand species there May Isr, 1896, are several of the mountain regions of the Southern Island, that might succeed in England. The specimen here figured of Puttosporum ertocarpum was sent to be named at the Herbarium of the Royal Gardens, Kew, by Thos. Hanbury, Esq., F.L.S., from his celebrated garden of the Palazzo Orengo, La Mortola; _ and there was no difficulty in identifying it with the above named Himalayan plant. The flowers were rather heavily sweet-scented. Deser.—A small tree, ten feet high or more; branches spreading, more or less whorled; branchlets, young leayes and panicles covered with a white flocculent deciduous — tomentum that adheres for some time along the midrib and nerves of the leaves above. Leaves three to six inches. long, shortly petioled, very variable in shape from obovate- oblong to ovate-lanceolate, narrowed to an obtuse tip, coriaceous, at length glabrous and dark green above, be- neath pubescent, with a pale brown tomentum ; midrib and twelve to fifteen pairs of nerves strong beneath ; petiole half an inch long, stout. Flowers in terminal panicles that are corymbosely collected at the extremities of the branches, golden yellow, sweet-scented. Panicles two to three inches long, shortly peduncled; branches and branchlets short, stout, tomentose; bracteoles at the base of the pedicels minute. Sepals ovate-lanceolate, sub- acute, tomentose, three-fourths shorter than the corolla- tube. Corolla-tube a third of an inch long; lobes ovate, recurved, not half as long as the tube. Filaments glabrous ; anthers linear, red-brown. Ovary tomentose, style stout. _ Capsule half an inch in diameter, globose, woody, many- seeded, crowned with the persistent style.—J. D. H. , a a Fig. 1, Flower with the corolla removed; 2 and 3) stamens; 4, ovary; 5, transverse section of do,:—A/l ealarged; 6, capsules from the Herbarium, of the natural size, * 7474 MS.dél.JN Fitch hith Vincent Bro oks,Day & Son Imp Tas. 7474. COCHLIODA Nozztrana. Native of Peru. Nat. Ord. OncuwpEa.—Tribe Vanvex. Genus Cocutiopa, Lindl.; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 560.) Cocuttopa Noezliana; pseudobulbis confertis ovoideo-oblongis compressis rugulosis, folio sessili lineari-oblongo obtuso carinato, scapo suberecto plurivaginato, racemo elongato nutante laxe multifloro, bracteis pedi- cellis duplo brevioribus, floribus 1-1} poll. latis roseis, sepalis late ovatis acutis, dorsali erecto, lateralibus recurvis v. fere revolutis, petalis angustioribus oblanceolatis rectis, labello sepalis breviore, ungue erecto column adnato, lobis lateralibus rotundatis reflexis, lobo medio obcordato deflexo, disco callis 2 lineari-oblongis instructo, columna leyiter incurva, clinandrio membrana angusta 3-loba circumdato, anthera subhemispherica obscure rostrata, polliniis oblongis stipite crassiusculo obovato, glandula depressa postice appendiculata. C. Noezliana, Rolfe in Lindenia, vol. vi. (1891) p. 55, t. 266. Orchidophile (1892) 272 (Noetylana). Rev. Hortic. Belg. vol. xviii. (1892) p. 49, t. 5. Werner Orchid. Alb. vol. xi. t. 509. Gartenfl. (1894) t. 1403. Gard. Chron, (1894) vol. ii. p. 71, fig. 11. Vettch Man. Orchid. Pt. ix. p. 187. Odontoglossum Noezlianum, Hort. ex Gard, Chron, (1892) vol. ii. p. 570, 602. Journ. des Orchid. vol. i. p. 294. The characters and limits as then known of the genus Cochlioda were first accurately determined by Bentham, and laid down by him in the “ Genera Plantarum,” where, to the solitary species on which Lindley founded the genus, five are added, most of them taken out of Mesospinidium and Odontoglossum. Three of these have been already figured in this work as Odontoglossum roseum, Lindl. (Plate 6084) ; Mesospinidium sanguinewm, Reichb. f. (Plate 5627); and M. vulcanicum, Reichb. f. (t. 6001). All are natives of Peru or Ecuador, and all, including C. Noezliana, are in cultivation at Kew. C. Noezliana was discovered by Mr. John Noezli, and sent by him in 1891 to Messrs. Linden, by whom it was distributed. It has also been independently introduced ‘into England by Messrs. Charlesworth, Shuttleworth and Company, who informed Messrs. Veitch that it was col- lected in Northern Peru, near the locality in which C. vulcanica is found. The latter plant was discovered by Spruce in 1871, on the volcanic mountain of Tunguragua, May Ist, 1896. _ where it grows amongst the scoriz of the crater at 10,000— 11,000 ft. elevation. The specimen of OC. Noezliana here figured was purchased at an auction sale in London, and flowered in a cool house of the Royal Gardens in July, 1895. Descr.—Pseudobulbs clustered, one and a half inch long, oblong, compressed, dark blueish green, wrinkled. Leaf solitary, three to four inches long by nearly one broad, linear-oblong, narrowed at the base, but not petioled, obtuse, dorsally keeled, bright green above, paler beneath. Scape six inches long or more, slender, inclined, purplish green, with many lanceolate sheaths about half an inch long. aceme six inches long, inclined or drooping, loosely many-fid.; bracts lanceolate, not half the length of the pedicels, which are half to three-fourths of an inch long. Flowers an inch and a quarter in diameter, dark rose-red, suffused -with golden-yellow on the tip. Sepals free, broadly ovate, dorsal erect, lateral recurved, almost revo- lute. Petals narrower, oblanceolate, spreading. Lip shorter than the sepals; claw adnate to the column, limb deflexed, lateral lobes rounded, recurved, midlobe obcor- date; disk with two parallel linear-oblong golden-yellow calli. Column elongate, arched; clinandrium broad, girt with a narrow 3-lobed crest or wing. Anther hemi- spheric.—J. D. H. Fig. 1, Front view of column and lip; 2, back view of do.; anther; 4and 5, pollinia :—All enlarged. M S$ del, JN Fitch hth i Vincent Brooks, Day & Son Imp L Reeve & C° London Tin 747. , COFFEA stTENOPHYLLA. Native of Sierra Leone. - Nat. Ord. Rusracez.—Tribe [xonEz. ~~ Genus Correa, Linn.; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 114.) Correa stenophylla; foliis breviter petiolatis ovato- v. oblongo-lanceolatis - oblanceolatisve obtuse caudato-acuminatis glaberrimis lucidis nervis gracilibus axillis glandulosis, stipulis triangulari-ovatis acuminatis, floribus axillaribus et terminalibus brevissime pedicellatis, bracteis linearibus, calycis margine brevissimo eroso, corolla tubo lobis 6-10 linearibus stellatim patentibus multo breviore, staminibus 6-10 fila- mentis brevibus erectis, antheris elongatis lineari-subulatis baccis globosis. C. stenophylla, G. Don Gen. Syst. Gard. vol. iii. p. 581. Hiern, in Oliver, Fl. Trop. Afric. vol. iii. p. 182. Kew Bulletin, 1893, p. 167. _ C. arabica, Benth. in Hook. Niger Flora, p. 413, in part. Coffea stenophylla is an interesting plant, as being one of the two* indigenous West African species which, in point of commercial value, may prove a formidable rival of the Arabian. It was discovered by Afzelius upwards of acentury ago; but was not published till 1834, when G. Don described it from specimens collected by himself at Sierra Leone. It was regarded by Bentham, perhaps rightly, in the ‘‘ Niger Flora” as a variety of OC. arabica (Plate 1303). The following notice of its oecurrence in West Africa is extracted from the report of Mr. G. F. Scott Elliott, F.L.S., on the Botany of the Sierra Leone district traversed by the Anglo-French Boundary Commis- sion in 1892, issued by the Colonial Office, and reproduced in the Kew Bulletin l. c. ** Coffea stenophylla, the narrow-leaved ‘ wild,’ ‘bush,’ or ‘native Coffee,’ is sometimes found wild in the hills, and is more often cultivated than the Liberian. It grows very freely, and appears to yield quite as much as the Liberian, but is somewhat longer in coming into bearing. * CO. liberica, Bull.; Hiern, |. ¢. May Ist, 1896. Both the natives and French traders at Freetown say that it has a superior flavour, and prefer it to the Liberian. In fact, latterly a certain amount has been exported to a wholesale French dealer, who is said to sell it at 4 frs. 50 cents. a lb. as ‘best Mocha.’ Considering that it is worth at Freetown 6d. a Ib. this should be a fairly pro- fitable trade, and a trial shipment should be made by the English merchants to find out exactly what the market value in Liverpool would be. The plant appears to thrive best in the higher hills about Sierra Leone on gneissose or granitic soil, and can be grown at from 500 to 2000 ft.” Mr. Scott Elliott’s specimens are of a very slender state, with lanceolate leaves only two to two and a half inches long by one-third of an inch to two-thirds of an inch broad, very different from that here represented, and these together favour the opinion entertained by Bentham, that both are forms of C. arabica, Linn. Coffea stenophylla was raised at the Royal Gardens, Kew, from seeds sent in May, 1894, by Sir W. H. Quayle Jones, late Chief Justice of the West African Settlements, and acting Governor of Sierra Leone, and the plant here figured was raised therefrom, and flowered as early as September, 1895, in a tropical house. Supplies of the seed have been distributed from Kew to the Botanical Gardens of India and the Colonies, from whence, if the plant resists the coffee disease, and proves to be as excellent a coffee as the French merchants declare it to be, good results may be expected. Deser.—An evergreen shrub, or small tree, up to twenty ft. high, perfectly glabrous, with brownish bark, and © green, terete branches; youngest leaf-shoots and leaycs _ pink. Leaves four to six inches long by one to one and a half inches broad, shortly petioled, ovate- or oblong-lanceolate or oblanceolate, obtusely caudate-acumi- nate, bright green and glossy, paler beneath; nerves six to ten pairs, very slender, with small vlands at the axils, which are white, and perforated in the upper surface, green on the under; stipules triangular-ovate, acuminate. Flowers very shortly peduncled, solitary or 3-nate, ter- minal and axillary, one to one and a half inch across the corolla-lobes; bracts linear, caducous. Calyx limb erose. Corolla-tube about a third of an inch long, lobes 6-10, linear, obtuse, stellately Spreading. Stamens 6-10; anthers linear-subulate. Berry half an inch in diameter, globose. Seeds hemispheric, with a narrow ventral furrow.— wo: Fig. 1, Portion of leaf, showing upper surface and glands; 2, ovary, style and stigmas ; 3, portion of corolla with stamens laid open; 4, vertical section of ovary, exposing ovules; 5, berry (from the Kew Museum) ; 6, seeds; 7, trans- verse section of seed; 8, vertical section of do, ; 9, embryo:—All but No. 5 enlarged, 7476 ks, Day & Son imp ncentBrooh Vi t \ f.S.del J.NFitch hth. n LReeve & C9 London. Tas. 7476, MASDEVALLIA cornicutara, var. INPLATA. Native of New Grenada. Nat. Ord. Orncuiprx.—Tribe EpIpENDRER. Genus Maspevatiia, Ruiz § Pav.; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p- 492.) Maspevatiia (Cucullata) corniculata, var. inflata; folio oblongo obtuso in petiolum sulcatum angustatosubtus carinato, bractea ampla tuboperianthii gquilonga cymbiformi rostrata viridi; corolle aurantiace tubo inflato urceolari 6-costato extus et intus rubro punctulato, lobis aureis e basi - triangulari longe filiferis, petalis erectis carnosulis lanceolatis basi in- wquilateris apices versus dentatis, labello petalis zquilongo breviter crasse unguiculato lanceolato obscure 3-lobo disco papilloso apice denti- culato, columna gracili, anthera apice truncata 2-dentata, ovario 3-alato, alis undulatis. R. inflata, Reichb. f. in Gard. Chron. (1881) vol. ii. p. 716. Godefroy in Orchidophile (1881) p. 172. R. corniculata var. inflata, Veitch Man. Orchid. pt. v. p. 37. Masdevallia corniculata belongs to a small group of the genus characterized by the solitary leaf-stalk and 1-fid. scape being enclosed in a long tubular scarious sheath, and by the very large cymbiform green bract that arches over the flower. Up to the present time only two other species of the group are known, WM. cucullata, Lindl., and M. macroura, Reichb. f. All are natives of the temperate: regions of the New Grenadan Cordillera. M. corniculata was introduced in 1877 by Messrs. Backhouse, and is well _ figured in the Marquess of Lothian’s fine work, ‘ The _ Genus Masdevallia,” in which unfortunately the plates are not numbered, or the descriptions paged. A reference to that figure shows that var. inflata differs from it most conspicuously in the paler colour, and much smaller spots _ of the perianth, and in the broader perianth-lobes, which are of a golden-yellow colour within, not orange-brown bordered with yellow, as in the figure cited of M. corni- culata. The lip, too, is more narrowed to the toothed apex, and has rounded (not acute) side-lobes. The var. inflata first appeared in Mr. Bull’s collection in 1881, and May Ist, 1896, a specimen of it was sent in 1887 to the Herbarium of the Royal Gardens by Mr. Moore from the rich orchid collec- tion of Glasnevin. The plant figured was presented to Kew in 1891 by 8S. Courtauld,. Esq., of Braintree, where it has flowered annually in a cool house in the month of October. Descr.—Stems tufted, very short ; petiole enclosed for half its length in three superposed scarious, tubular cylindric sheaths, with truncate mouths, of which the lower are short, the uppermost an inch long, more inflated, and half an inch in diameter. Leaf solitary, three to five inches long, by one to one and a quarter inches broad, linear-oblong, obtuse, coriaceous, channelled above, and bright green, paler beneath, with a prominent keel, nerve- less till dried, then 5-nerved, base narrowed into a stout channelled petiole two inches long, enclosed for the most part in the sheaths of the stem. Scape three inches long, stout, erect, 1-fld., enclosed for half its length in the upper sheath of the stem, and with minute sheathing bracts at its base. Bract cymbiform, beaked, one and a half inches long, erect, green, base rounded. Corolla- tube urceolate, base gibbous in front, 6-ribbed, orange- yellow, speckled with red without and within; limb yellow, of three triangular-ovate lobes tapering into slender tails one and a half to two inches long, upper erect, two lower pendulous flexuous. Petals erect, lanceolate, margins un- dulate, shortly broadly unguiculate, toothed towards the tip, base excised in front. Lip erect, shortly clawed, lanceolate, dilated in the lower half, papillose, tip toothed. Column rather slender ; anther truncate and 2-toothed in front.—J. D. H. ii Fig. 1, Ovary, petals and column ; 2, petal; 3, lip; 4, column ; 5, anther ; 6, pojlinia :—AZl enlarged. HANDBOOK of the BRITISH FLORA; a " Flowering Plants and Ferns indigenous to, or naturalized in the B Isles. For the use of Beginners and Amateurs. By Grorcr Brn F.R.S. 6th Edition, revised by Sir J. D. Hooker. Crown 8yo, 10s. 6d. ILLUSTRATIONS of the BRITISH FLORA ; ; a Series of Wooc Engravings, with Dissections, of British Plants, foes Drawings by We a Fircu, F.L.S., and W. G. Smita, F.L.8, , forming an Illustrated Comp: to Bentham’s “ Handbook,” and other British Floras. 1315 Wood En gravings. 3rd Edition, revised and enlarged, crown 8vo, 10s. 6d, OUTLINES of ELEMENTARY BOTANY, as Introductory to Local Floras. By Georce Bentuam, ¥F.R.S., President of the Linnean Society. 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By GEORGE BENTHAM, E.R. 6th Edition, Revised by Sir J. D, Hooxrr, C.B., K.C.S.1L., F.B.S., &e. 10s. 6d. ILLUSTRATIONS OF THE BRITISH FLORA: A Szries of Wood Engravings, with Dissections, of British Plants . Drawn sy W. H. FITCH, F.LS., axp W.G. SMITH, F.L.S. aie an Illustrated Companion to Bentham’s “ Handbook,” and other British Fioras. 3rd Edition, with 1815 Wood Engravings, 10s, Sa ® hh, REEVE & CO., 6, geek sruer, covaNT: GARDEN. re ee M S.del. J.N Fitch Vth . 2 : el, J.N4 ; Vincent Brooks,Day & Son Imp Tas. 7477. AGAVE LAXIFOLIA: Native of Mexico. Nat. Ord. AMARYLLIDEZ.—Tribe AGAVE. Genus Acave, Linn.; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 738.) Agave (Huagave) laxifolia; breviter caulescens, foliis 20-30 laxe rosulatis oblongo-lanceolatis crassis coriaceis facie sordide viridibus dorso pallide viridibus spina parva brunnea pungente terminatis, spinulis marginalibus parvis deltoideis apice brunneis, pedunculo valido elongato, floribus in paniculam laxam ramis corymbosis dispositis, bracteis parvis deltoideis, pedicellis apice elongatis, ovario cylindrico, perianthii tubo infundibulari limbi lobis lanceolatis basi deltoideis, staminibus limbo 2-3-plo. longioribus, antheris linearibus magnis. A. laxifolia, Baker. This Agave has been cultivated for many years in the Royal Gardens at Kew, and flowered for the first time in ' the summer of 1895. It was received as a variety of A. mexicana, but it differs widely from all the forms of that species by its laxly disposed rosette of leaves, which are green on both sides even in an early stage, and by its smaller spinules. Its place is in the section Rigide, in the neighbourhood of A. excelsa, Jacobi. The flowers give out a smell exactly like that of mice. As in many other species the style does not grow out to its full length till after the anthers of the same flower are faded. _ Deser.—Shortly caulescent. Leaves twenty or thirty in a lax rosette, oblong-lanceolate, firm in texture, one and a half or two feet long, three inches broad at the middle, by half as much above the dilated base, above which they are half an inch in thickness, dull green on the face, paler green on the back, without any glaucous tinge, even in an early stage, with a small brown pungent end-spine, and copious small deltoid marginal spinules, tipped with brown. Peduncle stout, four or five feet long. Inflorescence a lax panicle about as long as the peduncle, with corymbose branches ; bracts small, deltoid ; pedicels half an inch long, articulated at the tip. Ovary cylindrical, green, an inch and a halflong. Perianth-tube funnel-shaped, half an inch JuNE Ist, 1896. long; lobes green, half as long again asthe tube. Stamens inserted at the throat of the perianth-tube, two inches long; anthers large, linear. Style finally overtopping the anthers.—J. G. Baker. Fig. 1, a flower cut open; 2, front view of anther; 3, back view of anther :— All wii 4, entire plant, much reduced, 7478 M.S. del,J.N Fitch lith. eG ° e i?) 4 a O 3 S 2 4 Tas. 7478. HABENARIA Etvwest1. Native of the Nilghiri Hills. Nat. Ord. OxrcH1IpE#.—Tribe OpHRYDER. Genus Hapenaria, Willd.; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 625.) Hazenaria (Ate) Elwesii; lete virescens, tuberibus oblongis, caule folioso, foliis erectis ovato- v. elliptico-lanceolatis acuminatis, vaginis teretibus, racemo laxifloro, bracteis floribus squilongis lanceolatis acuminatis scaphiformibus marcescentibus, floribus 2-poll. longis flavo-viridibus, sepalis ovato-lanceolatis acuminatis lateralibus deflexis, petalis e basi lata profunde in lacinias elongato-subulatas divaricatas falcatas sepalis longioribus pilosas sectis, labelli glaberrimi limbo lineari in segmenta 3 elongata filiformia limbo multoties longiora fisso, caleare gracili pedicello zequilongo ore lingula calcariformi recurva instructo, columna lata obtusa, staminodiis erectis clavatis apice glandnlosis, antheris divergentibus tubulis brevibus clinandrio adnatis, rostello late deplanato, processubus stigmaticis corniformibus divaricatis. Habenaria Elwesii, though horticulturally devoid of beauty, is a very interesting plant botanically, as being the first that has been cultivated in this country of a curious Indian group of that immense genus, which I have characterized as Ate, in which the petals are bifurcate. The type of the group is H. barbata, Wight, upon which Lindley founded the genus Ate, taking for its character the presence of a recurved process on the lip at the mouth of the spur, on the side opposite the column, and which is seen in fig. 2 of the accompanying plate. This process 1s present or absent in very closely allied species, all having divided petals, and I therefore, in the “ Flora of British India,” took the latter character as that of the group Ate, bringing under it fourteen plants of obvious near affinity. The function of the above-mentioned process of the lip is to guide the proboscis of an insect into the spur, whilst it brings its head or part of its body into contact with the glands of the pollinia, and thus removes these. This was first pointed out by Roland Trimen,* who was induced by * Journ. Linn, Soe, vol. ix. (1867) p. 156, t. 1. June Ist, 1896. Darwin’s account of the organization of the Cape plant Bonatea speciosa,* which has a similar process in the same position at the mouth of the spur, to. examine living specimens of that plant. By a curious coincidence Bonatea has the cleft petals of “‘ Ate,” and is otherwise so near to Habenaria that Lindley referred the Indian Habenaria tri- nervia, Wight, to Bonatea,as B. punduana; and subsequently both he and Reichenbach have reduced all the Bonatex to that genus. Mr. Bolus in his Orchids of S. Africa (Tab. 16) also reduces a species of Bonatea to Habenaria. The principal character of the former genus as distinguishing it from the Ate group, is the enormous helmet-like rostellum, the staminodes reduced to papilla on the sides of the ros- tellum, and the long tubular stigmatic processes ; but how far these characters differentiate Bonatea from other _ Habenarias I am unable to say. The fact is that the modifications of staminodes, anthers, rostellum and stig- matic processes of Habenaria are so extraordinarily great, even in apparently allied species, that when working up the Indian species I hoped to have been able to use them for sectional purposes; but, like Bentham before me, I failed in the attempt. ° : H, Elwesti is most nearly allied to H. digitata, Lindl., (H. trinervia, Wight Icon. Plant. Ind. Or.t. 1701), differing in the much larger flowers, hairy petals with much longer — divisions, long lobes of the lip, and spur-like stigmatic — 2 processes. The only other species with hairy petals is H. barbata, Wight (Ate virens, Lindl.; Wight Ic. t. 928), which has small flowers with shortly bifid petals, a scabrid lip cleft at tip only’ into short subulate segments, and clavate stigmatic processes. H. Hlwesii is a native of Nilghiri Hills, whence it was sent to the distinguished naturalist and horticulturist whose name it bears by Mr. Proudlock, Curator of the Gardens and Parks of Ootaca- mund. It flowered in Mr. Elwes’ garden at Colesborne, Gloucestershire, in July of last year.—J. D. H. Fig. 1, Petal; 2, front and 3 side views of column; 4, pollinia:—A JZ enlarged. * On the Contrivances by which Orchids are fertilized by Insects, Ed. ii. pp. 87, &e. 7479 M.S. del, JN Fitch litt Vincent Brooks ,Day & Son Imp L Reeve & C° London Tas. 7479, PHAJUS MisHMensis. Native of the Eastern Himalaya. : Nat. Ord. OrcHIDE”.—Tribe EpipENDRE. Genus Puasus, Lour.; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iti. p. 512.) Puasus mishmensis ; caulibus fastigiatis erectis elatis basi vix pseudobulbosis superne foliosis, foliis alternis quaquaversis elliptico-ovatis -lanceolatisve acuminatis 5-nerviis, scapis axillaribus gracilibus elongatis erectis laxe plurifloris, floribus erecto-patentibus roseis, bracteis pedicellis gracilibus zequilongis lanceolatis acuminatis concavis herbaceis caducis, sepalis petalisque lineari-oblongis acutis apicibus subrecurvis, labelli lobis latera- libus amplis rotundatis recurvis terminali brevi explanato trilobulato lobulis obtusis, intermedio 2-fido, caleare gracili incurvo sepalis dimidio breviore, disco crista ciliata instructo, columna gracili supra medium dilatata, apice 2-loba, anthera hemispherica pilosula. P. mishmensis, Reichb. f. in Bonplandia, vol. v. p. 48; in Walp, Ann. vol. vi. pp. 922, 928. Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind, vol. v. p. 817, and in Ann. Roy. Bot. Gard. Cale. vol. v. pt. I. p. 25, t. 37. P. roseus, Rolfe in Kew Bulletin (1893} 6, and (1894) 182 (mishmensis). Limatodes mishmensis, Lindl. & Paxt. Fl. Gard. vol. iii. p. 36. There are considerable differences in the habit of growth of the species of Phajus, of which I took advantage in dealing with the Indian species in ‘The Flora of British India ;” and it remains to be seen how far the grouping there adopted is applicable in the African and other extra- Indian species. In P. Wallichii, Lindl., better known as P. bicolor, Lindl. (Tab. 4078), the flowering scape arises from the side of the pseudobulb. In P. callosus, Lindl., of the Malay Peninsula and Java, from the top of the pseudobulb. In P. mishmensis the one or more scapes are axillary; and in P. albus, Lindl. (t. 3991) the in- florescence terminates the leafy stem, which latter character, and the bifarious leayes, are those which that species was raised to generic rank as Thunia by Reichenbach. JP. mishmensis was discovered in the Mishmi Mts. in Upper Assam by Griffith in 1836, and was first published by Lindley as a Limatodes from Griffith’s Herbarium specimens. It has recently been collected in the Sikkim Himalaya by Mr. Clarke and other botanists at elevations of 4-5000 ft. ; JUNE ist, 1896. and in Lower Burma at 6000 ft. by Mr. Boxall, when collecting for Messrs. Hugh Low and Sons of. Clapton. Very recently it has been described as P. roseus, under the misapprehension that it was an undescribed species of Western tropical Africa. The specimen here figured was presented by the Rt. Hon. the Earl of Scarborough to the Royal Gardens in November, 1895, who collected it himself during his visit to India. Descr.—Stems two to three feet from a tuberous lobed base, terete, green, leafless and sheathed below, leafy above. Leaves six to ten inches long, elliptic-lanceolate, acuminate, plicately five-nerved, margins rather waved, dark green aboye, paler beneath with prominent nerves ; Sheaths with acutely angled ribs. Scapes one or more, axillary from the lower leaves, one to two feet long, to- gether with the loose, erect raceme slender, green, with a few scattered appressed lanceolate sheaths towards the base and middle. Raceme eight- to ten-fld.; bracts about an inch long, as long as the slender erecto-patent pedicel and ovary, lanceolate, acuminate, concave, herbaceous, dark green, caducous. Flowers nearly two inches broad when expanded, pale or dark rose-colrd. ; lip paler and speckled. Sepals acuminate, with recurved tips, keeled, linear-oblong ; dorsal more oblanceolate, concave. Petals narrower than the sepals. Lip nearly as long as the sepals, three-lobed ; side lobes broad, orbicular, margins recurved, midlobe sub- quadrate, truncately 3-lobulate; side lobules rounded, median much smaller, 2-fid; disk of hp with a median hairy ridge; spur one half to two-thirds of an inch long, rather slender, incurved, yellow, tip 2-lobed. Column long, rather slender, the sides dilating above the middle into narrow wings, top 2-lobed; anther hemispheric, sparsely hairy.—J. D. H. Fig. 1, Section of the lip ; 2, column and spur; 3, anther; 4 and 5, pollinia: —Ali enlarged: 6, reduced figure of the whos plant. : ss — 7480 tere M,S.del,J-N Fitch hth Vincent Brooks Day &Son imp p Z LReeve & C° London Tas. 7480. ERANTHEMUM Reticuratrum. Native of the Melanesian Islands 2? Nat. Ord. AcanrHacex.—Tribe JustTiciEx, Genus Erantuemum, Linn. ; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 1097.) ERANTHEMUM reticu/atum; suffruticosum, glaberrimum, foliis ovato-lanceo- latis obtusis in petiolum alatum angustatis marginibus undulatis, senioribus luride viridibus nervis sulphureis, junioribus angustioribus pulcherime aureo viridique reticulatis, racemis axillaribus terminalibus- que erectis, pedicellis bracteatis, bracteis parvis subulatis, calycis seg- mentis snbaqualibus angustis, corollz hypocrateriformis tubo calyce plusquam duplo longiore, limbo explanato subbilabiato albo orm versus sanguineo adsperso, lobis apice rotundatis 2-posticis oblongis 3 anticis majoribus latioribus, filamentis breviusculis, antheris oblongis rufo- brunneis. : E. reticulataum, Hort. ex Gard. Chron, (1875) vol. i. p. 619. E. Schomburgkii, Hort. ew Illustr. Hortic. vol. xxvi. (1879) t. 349. E. aureo-reticulatum, Hort. Though well known in cultivation in England for up- wards of a quarter of a century, the native country of the beautiful plant here figured is unknown, and its names are of ‘‘garden” authority. In the earliest notice that I can find of it, that in the Gardener’s Chronicle, nothing is said of its origin; but four years later, in the ‘‘ Tllustration Horticole,’’ it is stated to have been received from Australia, and the adoption for it of the name Schom- burgkit would imply that the late Director of the Botanical Gardens of Adelaide (Richd. Schomburgh) was concerned in its introduction. The figure in the latter work is accom- panied with a note to the effect that it is “apparently Melanesian.” H. reticulatum has been long cultivated at Kew, where it has attained a height of four feet, flowering in autumn in a stove. Deser.—A small, erect, leafy, evergreen shrub ; branches obtusely four angled. Leaves opposite, lower six to ten inches Jong, ovate-lanceolate, dark green above with arch- ing golden nerves, pale beneath, margins undulate, tip rounded ; base cuneiform, rounded or subcordate, narrowed JuNE Ist, 1896, suddenly into a stout petiole about an inch long; upper leaves narrower, beautifully reticulated with golden or sulphur-yellow and green. Panicles in the upper leaf- axils and terminal, strict, erect; branches, bracts, and sepals pale green; pedicels one-fourth inch long, or of the lower flowers longer, slender, bracteate at the base and middle, bracts small, subulate. Calyx a third of an inch long, narrow; segments linear, acute, subequal, erect. Corolla salver-shaped, white, tube more than twice as long as the calyx, straight, narrow, white, speckled with red at the shortly funnel-shaped top; limb an inch and a half broad, pure white, speckled with blood-red round the mouth of the tube, sub 2-lipped, lobes oblong tips rounded ; two posticous smallest, suberect, of the three anticous the middle is the broadest. Stamens 2; filaments short, erect, each with a minute 2-fid staminode at its base; anthers oblong, red-brown. Ovary glabrous, seated in a rather long annular disk ; style slender, stigma 2-fid.—J. D. H. Fig. 1, Calyx and style; 2, portion of throat of corolla and stamens; 3 and 4, anthers; 5, ovary and disk :—AIl enlarged. MS del, J.N-Fitch lith Vincent Brooks Day San Imp LReeve & C°London. Tas. 7481. EPISCIA venga. Native of Demerara. Nat. Ord. Gesneracem.—Tribe CyrtTanDRE. Genus Eriscia, Mart.; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 1006.) Episcra (Centrosolenia) densa; caule robusto brevi puberulo atque petiolis foliis subtus sepalis extus sanguineo-rubris, foliis longe petiolatis ovato- oblongis subacutis crenato-serrulatis basi rotundatis v. subcordatis, supra laete viridibus pilosulis subtus glabris costa nervisque validis, petiolo semi- _eylindrico, floribus tn racemulis axillaribus congestis, pedunculis pedicellis- que brevibus, bracteis parvis, calycis urceolaris segmentis oblongis obtusis ciliolatis intus viridibus postico parvo libero ceteris connatis, corolla fere 2- pollicari subcylindracea hirsuta straminea basi dorsa gibba dein paullo inflata, lobis 5 brevibus patentibus planis rotundatis intus primulinis, staminibus inclusis, filamentis glaberrimis, antheris didymis per paria apices versus cohaerentibus, ovario hirsuto, stigmate capitellato 2-lobo, disci glandula solitaria postica. E. densa, 0. H. Wright in Kew Bulletin (1895) p. 17. E. densa belongs to the Centrosolenia section of the very considerable genus Hpiscia, characterized by the short stem, crowded flowers, narrow calyx-segments, and by the gibbously saccate base of the tube of the corolla. Amongst those figured Mr. Wright considers its nearest ally to be E. erythropus, Hook. f., Tab. 6219 of New Grenada. It is curious that though the upper or exposed surface of the leaves are green, and the under crimson, the cor- responding surfaces of the sepals are, the outer red and inner green. Hpiscia densa was received in 1895 from M. Jenman, F.L.S8., Govt. Botanist and Superintendent of the Botanical Gardens of Georgetown, Demerara, who dis- covered it on the banks of the river Masouria. It flowered in a stove at Kew in October of the same year. Descr.—Stem short, as thick as the middle finger, cylindric, puberulous, dull purplish-crimson. Leaves few, crowded, six to ten inches long, ovate-oblong, subacute, crenate-serrulate, base cuneate, rounded, or subcordate, above bright green slightly pubescent, beneath bright JUNE Ist, 1896. blood-red, quite glabrous, with very stout midrib, and many arching nerves; petiole three to four inches long, stout, semi-cylindric. Racemes of flowers crowded on the arrested nodes of the stem, very short; peduncles and pedicels short, red-purple; bracts minute. Calyx two- thirds of an inch long; lobes oblong, erect with recurved | tips, coloured externally like the undersurface of the leaves, green to the base within, margins ciliate; dorsal lobe smallest, free, the rest connate to above the middle. Corolla nearly two inches long, slightly decurved, tubular, hirsute, pale straw-coloured, posticously gibbous at the very base, contracted above it, and then somewhat inflated ; lobes very short, orbicular, expanded, flat, primrose-yellow. 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FROWBAWK, beautifully coloured by hand, HANDBOOK OF THE BRITISH FLORA: A Description of the Flowering Plants and Ferns Indigenous to or Naturatiged in the British Isles. By GEORGE BENTHAM, FRS 6th Edition, Revised by Sir J. D, Hooren, C.B., K.G.S.L, F, R.S., &e. 10e. 6d. ILLUSTRATIONS OF THE BRITISH FLORA: __A Series of Wood Engravings, with Dissections, of British Plants . Drawn sy W.H. FITCH, F.L.S., anv W. G. SMITH, F.LS. : = Barmin, 9 an Illustrated Companion to Bentha: - “ Handbook,” and other British pa a, 3rd Edition, with 1815 Wood Engravings, 10. 62, Sac 60 Plates, by Floras. : __ L, REEVE & CO., 6, HENRIETTA STREET, COVENT GARDEN. 8 sey pe es. i mi omar M S.del, JNFitch hth. Vincent Brooks Day & San Imp. a RE ale Gy Pe Tas. 7482. LO URYA CAMPANULATA. Native of Cochin-china. Nat. Ord. Hamoporacex.—Tribe OpxtopogonEeR. Genus Lourya (Baill. Bull, Soc. Linn. Paris, No. 93, p. 743.) Lourra campanulata; rhizomate brevi, foliis radicalibus longe petiolatis oblongo-lanceolatis utrinque acuminatis nervis elevatis subplicatis, petiolis basi vaginis membranaceis stipatis, floribus in racemos breves breviter pedunculatos densifloros dispositis, bracteis ovatis acuminatis membranaceis, pedicellis brevibus, perianthii late campanulati marsces- centis lobis 6 2-seriatis subeequalibus patentibus subacutis flavidis, exterioribus late ovatis, interioribus late oblongo-ovatis, ore membrana horizontali antherifera fere clausa, antheris 6 erectis late oblongis 2-locularibus, ovario infero late obconico depresso 3-loculari, stigmate parvo pyramidato obtuse trilobo, ovulis in loculis paucis basilaribus erectis anatropis, bacca ovoidea coerulea. : L. campanulata, Baill. l.c. Oarritre in Rev. Hortic. vol. xi. (1889) p. 128, fig. 32. A very curious plant, with the habit of Curculigo and Peliosanthes, differing from the former of these genera in the stamens and basal ovules; and from Peliosanthes in the baccate fruit, the pericarp of which is not burst open when in a young state by the enlarging seeds, and thus necessitating the maturing of the latter in a freely exposed condition. I have unfortunately been unable to figure or describe the seeds of Lowrya from the fruit of the Kew plant having been destroyed by insects on ripening. The specimen here figured was obtained from a French nursery in 1892. It flowered in a stove of the Royal Gardens, first in December, 1894, and again in January, 1896, when the fruit of the former year was approaching maturity. Descr.—Rootstock stout, shortly creeping underground, and throwing up tufts of leaves and flowering stems, the _ and peduncles of which are enveloped in long, anceolate, pale yellow-brown membranous sheaths, two to four inches long. Leaves (with the petiole) ten to twenty inches long, by three to four broad, erect, inclined or drooping, oblong-lanceolate, acute at both ends, narrowed Juty Ist, 1896, =~ into a terete, stiff, green petiole, three to six inches long, dark glossy green above, paler beneath, plicate and traversed by ten to twelve prominent nerves, which are united by transverse nervules. Raceme radical, shortly peduncled, sub-corymbiform, about three inches long, very dense-fid. ; bracts membranous, as long as the flowers, ovate, acuminate. Flowers half an inch in diameter, shortly pedicelled, nodding, pedicel jointed above the middle. Perianth broadly campanulate, pale yellow, with a dark purple disk formed of the confluent filaments ; broadly obconic; limb superior, of six broad Spreading membranous lobes in two series, outer broadly ovate, inner oblong-ovate. Filaments united ina horizontal dark purple membrane, nearly closing the tube, but leaving a hexagonal opening over the stigma; anthers small, erect. Ovary inferior, 38-celled, surmounted by a small sessile central pyramidal 6-lobed obtuse stigma; ovules several in each cell, basal, erect, anatropous. Fruit an inch long, ovoid, obtuse, terete, dark blue, smooth, shining, surrounded at the base by the withered perianth.—J. D. H. tube very Fig. 1, Bracts and flower-bud, of the natural size; 2, section of flower; 3, portion of staminal ring; 4, stigma :—All enlarged. Sa ESN Sitio MS del JNFta hth ~ Vincent Brooks Day & Sonimp L.Reeve & C° London. Tas. 7483. PILOCARPUS JABORANDI. Native of Pernambuco. Nat. Ord. Rutacex.—Tribe ZANTHOXYLE. Genus Pinocarrus, Vahl.; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 299.) Pinocarrus Jaborandi; ramis ramulis petiolisque hirtellis, foliis alternis, foliolis 4-5-jugis oppositis breviter petiolulatis coriaceis ellipticis oblong- isve obtusis v. retusis glanduloso-punctatis, supra luride viridibus subtus flavo-viridulis, racemis gracilibus decurvis, pedicellis medio minute bracteolatis, floribus parvis pentameris, calycis tubo hemispherico, limbo brevissimo obtuse 5-lobo, petalis lanceolatis acutis 1-nerviis roseis basi marginibusque luteis, disco undulato glanduloso-punctato, carpellis maturis 3-5 tenuiter coriaceis apice rotundatis lateribus sulcis concentricis exsculptis, seminibus ovoideo-oblongis nigris nitidis. P. Jaborandi, Holmes in Pharmaceut. Journ. Ser. III. vol. xxiii: (1893) p- 1008; Ser. IV. vol. i. (1895) pp. 520, 541. P. pennatifolius, Bentl. & Trim. Medic. Plants, t. 48, figs. 6-11 tantum. The name Jaborandi has been applied indiscriminately to drugs produced by Brazilian plants of various natural families and genera, the properties of which are diaphoretic and sialogogue ; but it was not till comparatively recently that the one has been introduced into medical practice in Europe, which now is understood by that name. This was sent from Pernambuco by Dr. Coutinho of Pernam- buco to Prof. Gubler of Paris, who tested its properties, and confirmed Dr. Coutinho’s statement as to their power- ful effects. A sample of the drug, which consisted of dried and broken leaves, was communicated to Prof. Baillon, who referred it to the genus Pilocarpus, Vahl. of Rutacee; an opinion which was almost simultaneously confirmed by Mr. Holmes from an examination of some dried fruits which he had received from Pernambuco. Its specific determination, however, remained indeterminable until complete specimens should be obtained, and it was in the meantime doubtfully referred to Pilocarpus pennatifolius, Lemaire, 2 native of Paraguay and San Paolo in South Brazil (see Tab. 7235 of this Magazine). This identifica- tion was, however, disposed of by Prof. Oliver, who, after Jury Ist, 1896. a careful comparison of the leaves of P. pennatifolius with those of the Pernambuco plant (see Kew Bulletin, 1891, | p. 179) pronounced them to belong to different species. Fortunately, in 1882, ripe seeds of what has proved to be the true plants of Pernambuco, were presented by Dr. J. L. Paterson, of Bahia, to the Royal Botanic Gardens of Edinburgh, from which plants were raised and distributed. One of the latter, given to the Cambridge Botanic Gardens, flowered there in 1893. From it Mr. Holmes was enabled to draw up a full description; and finding it to be a new species, named it very appropriately Pilocarpus Jaborandi. The drawing here given was made from a plant com- municated to the Royal Gardens from Cambridge, which flowered in a stove in January, 1896. Deser.—A bush or small tree; branches, branchlets, petioles and rachis of the leaves hirtellous. Leaves alter- nate, pinnate; petiole short, and rachis terete, stout; leaflets 3-4 pairs with a terminal one, three to three and a half inches long, opposite, shortly petiolulate, oblong or elliptic, obtuse, retuse, or emarginate, coriaceous, quite glabrous, dark green and shining above, yellow green and glandular-dotted beneath, base slightly unequal ; nerves about eight to ten pairs, slender, arching. Racemes axillary, a foot long, slender, shortly peduncled, many- flowered, rachis terete, reddish-green ; pedicels about half an inch long, slender, spreading, with a minute triangular bract at the base, and two very inconspicuous rudiments _of bracteoles above the middle. Flowers a third of an inch broad. Calyx broadly cupular, obscurely broadly 5-lobed. Petals lanceolate, 1-nerved, dark rose-colrd., with golden margins and base. Filaments erect, about as long as the petals; anthers oblong. Disk undulate. Ovary de- pressed, top 5-lobed, stigma very short, 5-lobed. Fruit) about an inch broad, of three to five suborbicular fr thinly coriaceous or sub-crustaceous, dehiscent carpels, the sides of which are marked with concentric ridges. Seeds few, broadly oblong, testa black shining.—J. D. H. ee, Fig. 1, Flower-bud and edicel; 2, flower; 3, calyx, disk and ;4and 5, stamen :—A// dulecgad: © need of tha: wee eee I 6 and 7, fruit and seed of the natural size; 8, greatly reduced view of th e flowering portion of a young plant. 7464. SLU 1 3. del, INFitch ith fe! . M Tas, 7484. ASPIDISTRA TYPICA. Native of Tonkin ? Nat. Ord. Liniacna.—Tribe AsPIDIsTREs. Genus Asripistra, Ker.; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 772.) AsrrpistRa typica; foliis longe petiolatis elliptico-lanceolatis acuminatis basi subinequilateralibus utrinque laete viridibus sub-7-nerviis, nervulis trans- versis creberrimis, petiolo gracili canaliculato viridi dorso rotundato, floribus numerosis longe pedunculatis, pedunculo robusto prostrato v. geniculatim decurvo flexuoso vaginato purpureo maculato, vaginis sparsis _brevibus ovatis obtusis flavidis, floribus 2-bracteatis, bracteis perianthio suppositis late ovatis acutis patentibus purpureo-variegatis, perianthio crasse coriaceo globoso breviter 6-fido extus pallide purpureo punctulato intus saturate purpureo, lobis ovatis obtusis erectis wstivatione valvatis apicibus imbricatis, antheris 6 parvis basi perianthii sessilibus, ovario brevi 3-loculari loculis 2-ovulatis, stylo brevi crasso stigmate umbraculi- forme margine 6-lobo. A. typica, Baill. in Bull. Soc. Linn. Paris, No. 143 (1894) p. 1129. Wiener Illustr. Gartenz. (1894), p. 266. Kew Bulletin (1895) App. II. 34. The remarkable plant here figured differs from its con- geners in the apparently constantly trimerous parts of the flower, the arrangement in the other species being normally tetramerous ; though a departure to the trimerous is known to occur in one of these. In fact the genus Aspidistra was established on a trimerous flowered state of A. lurida, as will be found on referring to the original description of the genus by Ker in the Botanical Register (t. 628); the tetramerous state of which species is figured at t. 2499 of this magazine. It is this reversion in A. typica from the tetramerous state (which is abnormal amongst Mono- _cotyledons) to the typical trimerous of this class, that the Species owes its name. Another member of the genus, A. punctata, var. albo maculata, is figured at t. 5386 of this work. It has also tetramerous flowers ; as has A. punctata, Lindl. (Bot. Reg. t. 977). These two plants, if specifically the same, which is, I think, doubtful, differ from A. lurida and typica in their stigma, which is not a simple umbrella-like 6-lobed organ, but has a much divided circum- ference of 6 teeth alternating with as many reflexed lobules. M. Baillon has described (Bull. Soc. Linn. Paris, 1. c.) Jcxy Ist, 1895, a curious modification of the flower of a Javan species, A. elatior, Blume, which has the stigma of 4. punctata. In this the inner walls of the tube of the perianth are perfectly smooth till the stigma has attained its greatest diameter, when folds are formed on the inner walls, that fit into the spaces between the marginal teeth of the stigma, thus enclosing the mature anthers in a sealed chamber, requiring force to open it. Referring to the enlarged view of a flower of A. punctata laid open, at fig. 1 of t. 53886, it appears to me possible that access to the closed chamber in this species may be provided by the reflexion of the folds between the teeth of the stigma, - after the maturation of the anthers, for the admission to these of insects or their organs. And if, as I suspect, the stigmatic surfaces, which are punctiform, occupy the tips of the reflected lobes, the arrangement would be adapted for cross-fertilization of the plant, because any insect seeking access to the anthers must brush past a stigmatic surface. It remains to be observed during its next flower- ing, whether the perianth-tube and stigma of A. typica undergo modifications analogous to those of A. elatior. A. typica was obtained by the Royal Gardens, Kew, from the Jardin des Plantes, Paris, in 1895, and it flowered in a stove in September of the same year. _Deser.—footstock stout, creeping. Leaves twelve to eighteen inches long, long-petioled, elliptic-lanceolate, nerves about 7, with many cross nervules, base acute, unequal; petiole longer than the blade, channelled in front. Flowers very many, radical; peduncles two to two and a half inches long, stout, flexuous, prostrate or geniculately decurved, purple with darker blotches; _ sheaths few, distant, oblong, obtuse. Flowers two-thirds of an inch in diameter, thickly coriaceous, globose, six- cleft, base closely embraced by two ovate spreading purple bracts, dirty white or greenish speckled with red, dark purple within ; lobes one-third to one half the length of the perianth, biseriate, ovate, subacute, erect, then spreading. Stamens six; anthers reniform, sessile on the base of the perianth. Ovary very short, crowned with an umbrella-like six-lobed stigma.—J. D. H. Fig. 1, Flower with portion of perianth removed; 2 _ stamen; 3, stamen :—A/l enlarged ; , portion of perianth and —4, reduced view of whole plant. MS.del, JNFitchlith Vincent Brocks Day & Sontt L. Reeve & C°London. TaB. 7485. AKEBIA tosata. Native of China and Japan. Nat. Ord. BerperipEx.—Tribe LARDIZABALER. Genus Axesia, Dene.; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen, Plant. vol. i. p. 42.) Axess lobata; frutex alte scandens glaberrimus, ramulis cylindraceis lenti- cellatis cortice brunneo, foliis gracile petiolatis 3-foliolatis racemisque gemmis lateralibus enatis, foliolis gracile petiolulatis late ovatis obtusis repando-lobulatis apice retusis apiculatis pallide viridibus, racemis gracilibus nutantibus pendulisve; fl. masc. parvis numerosis confertis pallide purpureis breviter pedicellatis, bracteis subulatis, sepalis ovatis, antheris subsessilibus loculis linearibus extrorsis, connectivo crasso; fi. fem. paucis multo majoribus longe pedicellatis, sepalis concavis coriaceis purpureis, staminodiis 6 minutis, carpellis 3—6-viridibus, stigmatibus purpureis, baccis oblongi obtusis polyspermis, seminibus atris pulpa aquosa immersis. - A. lobata, Dene. in Ann. Se, Nat. Ser. II. vol. xii. (1839) p. 107; & in. Archiv. Mus. Par. vol. i. p. 195, t. 13, B. Walp. Rep. vol. i. p. 99. Sieb. §& Zuce. Fil. Jap. vol. i. p. 145, t. 78. Miquel Prolus. Fl. Jap. p. 197. Franch. & Sav. Fnum. Pl. Jap.i. p. 21. Forbes & Hemsl. in Journ, Linn. Soc. vol. xxiii. (1886) p. 30. Tokio Hort, Bot, vol. ii. t. 2. One species of Akebia, A. quinata (Tab. 4864) has been long known in European gardens, having been intro- duced from China or Japan (of both which countries it is a native) half a century ago; but though three other species from the same country have been described, it is only quite lately that a second, the subject of the accom- panying plate, has beenimported. This latter differs a good deal in habit from A. quinata, in having more woody branches, and trifoliolate leaves with broad lobulate very pale green more membranous leaflets, the flowers too are smaller, though of the same structure and colour; and, as in A. quinata, the females are fewest, much the largest, and placed below the males in the raceme. : A. lobata ig a native of Japan and N. China, and is apparently common in both countries; in the former specimens have been collected in various localities between Hakodadi and Yokohama; and in the latter from the pro- vinces of Kiang-su, Szechuen, and Hupeh. Of two other JULY Ist, 1896, Japanese species, A. quercifolia, and clematifolia, Sieb. & Zuce., Count Ito has made a note in the Kew Herbarium, that they may be only varieties of A. lobata. The drawing here reproduced was made from a plant that flowered in a greenhouse of the Royal Gardens, Kew, in January of the present year, and which was received from Mr. F. Takagi, nurseryman of Tokio. The fruit is described from the Japanese work cited above, which con- tains an excellent figure of the species. Descr.—A tall glabrous climbing shrub; branches cylindric, woody, flexuous, as thick as a goose-quill, bark brown, covered with scattered lenticels ; buds at the rather distant internodes, covered with oblong obtuse green and purple herbaceous deciduous scales, and sending forth leaves and flowers from an arrested axis. Leaves long- petioled, trifoliolate, three to five inches long ; petiole two to three inches long, very slender; leaflets petiolulate, petiolule of lateral one-eighth to one-half inch, of terminal nearly one inch; blade one to two inches long, broadly ovate, repand-lobulate, tip retuse and apiculate, almost membranous, pale green above, paler and bluer green beneath ; nerves few, very slender. Raceme with its long peduncle three to four inches long, slender, nodding or pendulous. Male fl. very numerous, one-sixth inch diameter, shortly pedicelled, crowded, pale purple; bracts minute. Sepals ovate, acute, incurved. Anthers 6, sub- sessile, cells linear, extrorse ; Jem. fl. few, below the males, distant from one another, one half to nearly an inch in diameter, pedicels half to two-thirds of an inch. Sepals orbicular-ovate, concave, dark vinous purple. Staminodes 6, minute, of imperfect anthers alternating with the carpels. Carpels three to six, green with purple stigmas. Fruit ripens after frost, three inches long, oblong, cylindric, slightly curved, rounded at both ends; pericarp thin. are a or many, black, immersed in a white pulp.— Fig. 1, Male flower; 2, thre isti ; prea These phe stamens and pistillode; 3, stamen; 4, carpels » 5 i eres en - 7486 PSMANY Vincent Brooks Day & Son inp M.Sdel. JN Fitchiith L Reeve & 0° London. Tas. 7486. HAEMARIA Dawsonrana. Native of Burma. — Nat. Ord. OncnipE2.—Tribe NEorriez. Genus Harmaarta, Lindl.; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 601.) Harmaria Dawsoniana; caule robusto basi nudo, foliis ovatis acutis in petiolum roseum angustatis glaberrimis supra luride viridibus nervis nervulisque reticulatis sanguineis, subtus roseis, seapo pallide viridi, racemo ovariisque laxe pilosis, vaginis lanceolatis, floribus spicatis, bracteis ovario paullo brevioribus lanceolatis albis roseo-tinctis, perianthio 1 poll. diam. albo, sepalis late ovatis obtusis, postico minore erecto, lateralibus patentibus, petalis linearibus falcatis sepalo postico subcoherentibus, labelli albi basi saccati ungue lineari, limbo stipitato 2-lobo, lobis oblongis truncatis divaricatis, sacco 2-lobo, columna clavata aurea, rostello furcato, anthera rostrata. H. discolor var. Dawsoniana, Reichb. f. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vol. xxx. (1874) p. 142. Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vol. vi. p. 102 (in note). Aneectochilus Dawsonianus, Low ex Reichb. f. in Gard. Chron. (1868) p. 1038. Haemaria is a small genus of Asiatic Orchids, of which only two species are as yet known, JJ. discolor, Lindl. (Goodyera discolor, t. 2055), and the plant here figured. These two are so closely allied that Reichenbach from im- perfect specimens of H. Dawsoniana described it as a variety of discolor, at the same time overlooking the fact that it had already been published as an Anectochilus by Low in 1868, also under the name of Dawsonianus. Referring to the plate of H. discolor cited above, or better to a figure in the Botanical Register, t. 271, it will be seen that it is a much more robust, more glabrous plant, with very dark green whole-coloured leaves edged with red, and having smaller flowers. The genus is allied to Anewctochilus, but the sac of the lip is concealed between the bases of the lateral sepals, other- wise the genera are exceedingly alike. - H. Dawsoniana is a native of Burma, where it was dis- covered, I believe, by the Rev. Mr. Parish in the Moolmain district. Living specimens have been received at the JuLY Ist, 1896, Royal Gardens, Kew, from those at Calcutta. It flowers in a stove in the month of January. Deser.—Whole plant eight to ten inches high. Stem as thick as a goose-quill, leafless below, but bearing one or more tubular membranous sheaths, pale green. Leaves two to four inches long, petioled, ovate, acuminate, dark green above and tessellated with nine to twelve pairs of longitudinal and oblique transverse blood-red nerves, margins blood-red, beneath rose-colrd. ; base narrowed into a stout, rose-colrd. deeply concave petiole. Scape with spike six inches long, slender, together with the bracts and ovaries pubescent with flaccid hairs ; sheaths few, lanceo- late. Spike many-fid.; bracts as long as the ovaries, lanceolate, pale greenish, or white suffused with rose. Flowers horizontally spreading, about one inch in diameter, pure white, with the column and anther yellow. Ovary sessile, two-thirds of an inch long. Sepals ovate, obtuse, lateral spreading; dorsal smaller, erect. Petals erect; coherent with the dorsal sepal, linear, falcate. Lip as long as the sepals, base saccate; claw broadly linear, sud- denly contracted into a short stipes for the limb, which consists of two divergent, oblong, truncate lobes; sac globose, two-lobed. Colwmn stout, tip turned to one side ; rostellum forked. Anther lanceolate, beaked. Pollinia narrowly clavate, of about six rows of flattened granules, stalked ; stalks inserted on an oblong gland.—J. D. H. Fig. 1, Flower ; 2 and 3, column and lip viewed from opposite sides, show- mill anleeed. the top of the column ; 4, rostellam and anther; 5 pollinia: HANDBOOK of the BRITISH FLORA; Flowering Plants and Ferns indigenons to, or naturalized ri Isles. For the use of Beginners and Amateurs. By Grorce Bentham, F.RS. 6th Edition, revised by Sir J. D. Hooker. Crown 8yo,10s.6d.. ILLUSTRATIONS of the BRITISH FLORA ;a Series of Wood Fircn, F.L.S., and W. G. Sure, F.L.8., forming an Hhistrated Oompanion to Bentham’s ‘‘ Handbook,” and other British Ploras, 1315 Wood En- ~ gravings. 3rd Edition, revised and enlarged, crown 8vo, 10s,6d, © OUTLINES of ELEMENTARY BOTANY, as Introductory to Local Floras. . By Grorcz Bentuam, F.R.S., President of the Linnwan Society. “New Edition, 1s. : i oP Se FLORA of HAMPSHIRE, including the Isle of Wight, with localities of the Jess common species. By F. Townsend, M-A., F.L.S. With Coloured Map and two Plates, 16s. ae HANDBOOK of BRITISH MOSSES, containing all that are known to be natives of the British Isles. By the Rev. M. J. Berxetey, : M.A., F.L.8.. 24 Coloured Plates, 21s. eee. SYNOPSIS of BRITISH MOSSES, containing Descriptions of all the Genera and Species (with localities of the rarer ones) found in Great Britain and Treland. By Cartes P. Hosxirx, F.L.S., &c., &c.-. New Edition, entirely revised. Crown 8vo, 7s. 6d. — : os THE BRITISH MOSS-FLORA, Monographs of the Families of British Mosses, illustrated by Plates of all the species, with Microscopical details of their structure. By R. Brarrnwaire, M.D., F.L.S. Vol. L., with 45 Plates, 50s, Part XI., 8s. Part XII., 7s. Part XHJ., 6s. Part XTV., 6s. Part XV., 6s. Part XVI.,€s., completing Vol. II.,; 42s. 6d. cloth. FLORA of BRITISH INDIA. By Sir J. D. Hooxer, F.R:S., and others. Paris 1. to XIII.,10s. 6d. each, Parts XIV.to X1X., 9s. each, Part XX.,7s. 6d. Part XXI., 9s. Vols. I: tolV., 82s. each. Vol.’V., 38s, Vol. VI., 36s. FLORA AUSTRALIENSIS: a Description of the Plants of the Australian Territory. By G. Benruam, FP.R.S,, F.LS., assisted by FF. Muerrer, F.R.S. Vols. I. to VI., 20s. each. Vol. VII., 24s. Published uuder the anspices of the several Governments of Australia. fer FLORA of MAURITIUS and the SEYCHELLES: a Descrip- tion of the Flowering Plants and Ferns of those Islands. By J. G. Baker, F.L.S. Complete in 1 vol., 24s. Published. under the authoiity of the Colonial Government of Mauritius, FLORA CAPENSIS: a Systematic Description of the Plants of the Cape Colony, Caffraria, and Port Natal. By Winttam H. Harvey,M.D_, F.R.s.; and Orro Winnerm Sonprer, Ph.D. Vols. IL.—IU., 18s. each. Vol VI., Part I., 7s. 6d. . FLORA of TROPICAL AFRICA. By Danie, Ouxiver, F.R.S., F.L.8. Vols. I-to IIl., each 20s. Published under the authority of the First Commissioner of Her Maiesty’s Works. ; HANDBOOK of the NEW ZEALAND FLORA: a Systematic : Description of the Native Plants of New Zealand, and the Chatham, Kermadec’s, Lord Auckland’s, Campbell’s, and Maequarrie’s Islands. By _ Sir J. D. Hooker, F.R.S. Published under the auspices of the Government == of that Colony: Complete, 42s. : Z a os FLORA of the BRITISH WEST INDIAN ISLANDS, | Dr. Grisrpacn, P.L.S. 42s. Published under the auspices of the tary of State forthe Colonies. 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FLORA CAPENSIS; ee ee Description of the Plants of the Cape Coleny: Caff as and Port Natal. Edited by W. T. THISELTON-DYER, ©.M.G,, F.R.S., Director of the Royal Baris, iKew. and Natal. Vols. I. to IE. 18s. each. University of Dahlin, and OTTO WILHELM SONDER, Ph.D. Nove ready, Part XXf., 9s. Vol. 14.3 ledge Mom with 40 Cole Vol. If. 128.; large paper, with 46 C Prospectus may be had on application _. Now ready, Part XXV-., with 8 Coloured LEPID OPTERA Br F, MOORE, FZ “ol. I enn 94 Coloured Plates ; 29 5s., loth #9 156, half Chis Series, No. 620. VOL. LIL—AUGUST. “2 OR No. 1314 OF THE ENTIRE WORK. CURTIS'S BOTANICAL MAGAZIN com PRIEIN 6 “rape see LIT EN on es a es Snare maces Ma Sew smn e sma oe * {Ali vights posebini.| : sir W. A is Hooker, FR. “Raval 8vo. 66 Bed nten: Plates, £2 Qs. GARDEN FERNS fs and Descriptions of a Selection of Exotie Ferns, adapted fox tivation in the Garden, Hothouse, and Conservato Sir W. J. a” F.R.S. se al 8vo. 64 Coloured Plates, EXOTICA: a F RS. ae 4to. 100. Coloured Plates, £6 1s, e forms % large and bandsoime soln of between 300 and 400 : g B. Ww. FROWBAWE, benatifuily eoloared by hand a wits hed Paes Pe NDBOOK OF THE BRITISH | 7487. MS del. JN Fitch lith Vincent Brooks, Day & Son.Imp a so cies L. Reeve & C® London Tas. 7487. SANSE VIERIA ROXBURGHIANA. ~ Native of the East Indies, Nat. Ord. Hamoporacrz.—Tribe OpH1opoGoNER. Genus Sansevierra, Thunb.; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 679.) SANSEVIERIA Rowburghiana; foliis 2-24 pedalibus anguste lineari-ensiformibus strictis erectis a basi ad apicem teretem obtusum sensim angustatis dorso rotundatis 7-9-costatis, supra (apice excepta) concavis striatis viridibus fasciatis rubro anguste marginatis, scapo foliis breviore, vaginis appressis acuminatis, racemo elongato gracili stricto anguste cylindraceo subdensifloro, floribus secus rachim teretem fasciculatis, fasciculis 3-6- floris, pedicellis brevibus basi bracteolatis, perianthii pallide flavo- virescentis, tubo 3-pollicari gracili lobis linearibus obtusis revolutis longiore. _ 8. Roxburghiana, Schult. fil. Syst. Veg. vol. vii. p. 357. Kunth Enum. Pl. vol. v.p.18. Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. vol. xiv. (1875) p. 549. Hook. f. Flora Brit. Ind, vol. vi. p. 271. PS. lanuginosa, Willd. Sp. Pl. vol. ii. p.160. Kunth l.c.19. Baker Zc. s. pe bong Roxb. Corom. Pl. vol. ii. p. 45, t. 184; Flor. Ind. vol. ii. p- 161 (non Widlid.). Sansevieria, Wall. Cat. n. 5054, et p. 215. PKatu Kapel, Rheede Hort. Malab. vol. xi. p. 88, t. 42. Mirva, Jones in As. Research. vol. iv. p. 271. It is a curious fact, that except Roxburgh’s excellent figure and description in the “ Plants of Coromandel,” published a century ago, and of which the description is repeated in his ‘‘ Flora Indica,” I can find no reliable account of this remarkable and economically useful plant in any Indian botanical work. Nor can this be accounted for by Roxburgh’s having assumed it to be the very different — S. zeylanica of Willdenow, for as far as India is concerned the history of that plant is as obscure as is that of S. Roxburghiana. A third Indian species (real or sup- posed) of Sansevieria, is S. lanuginosa, Willd. (Baker, 1. c.) for which the only authority is Rheede’s “ Hortus Mala- baricus,”” where it is figured (vol, xi. p- 83, t. 42), and described as having leaves with dorsal woolly strie, a character unknown in any other Species of the genus, and hence open to suspicion. In general appearance the Aveust Isr, 1896, figure of S. lanuginosa accords with S. Roxburghiana, as does the inflorescence; but what is very singular is, that Rheede, though dwelling on the medicinal value of the leaves of his plant, says not a word of its uses as yield- ing a fibre. Rheede gives as its habitat, Malabar in sandy places. Roxburgh says of his plant that in Coromandel it grows very commonly under bushes in thin forests, in almost every soil, flowering from January till May; and adds an account of its cultivation, and the pre- paration and uses of the fibre. Referring to the Kew Herbarium, I find a specimen from Rottler’s Herbarium — named 8. lanuginosa, Willd., with perfectly glabrous leaves, and aecording, in all respects, with 8. Roxburghiana; and others from the Island of Antigua, where it is naturalized. In the many works on the economic products of India in which the native Sansevieria is mentioned as a cordage- yielding plant, it is impossible to say whether S. Roz- burghiana or zeylanica is meant. The latter, of which a good figure is given in the Botanical Register (t. 160) is a reputed native of Ceylon, and is said to be cultivated for its fibre in India. Mr. Baker informs me that S. zeylanica is a native of South and probably also of Tropical Africa. Tn conclusion, it must be left to Indian botanists to clear up the history of the Indian Sansevierias, a plant which may prove of great value, now that the fibre-yielding Aloes Agaves and their allies are attracting so much attention in the British market. The specimen of S. Roxburghiana here figured, and which “precisely accords with Roxburgh’s description and the drawing in his unpublished Icones at Kew, was received by Messrs. Veitch from Burma, and flowered in the Royal Gardens, Kew, in July, 1895. Descr.—Stem very short. Leaves about 8-9 in a tuft, two to two and a half feet long, by one inch broad towards the middle, suberect, rigid, dagger-formed, con- cave above, and ending in a terete point nearly two inches long, pale green fasciated with darker green narrowly bordered with red, upper surface concave, striated, lower rounded, about a quarter of an inch thick from back to front, margin thin, lowest leaves shorter and broader. Peduncle a foot long, cylindric, green. Haceme one to one and a half feet long, by one and a half to two inches in diameter, strict, erect, cylindric. Flowers in fascicles of three to six, suberect, very shortly pedicelled; bracts minute, ovate, acute, pale green. Perianth very pale greenish white, tube narrow, half an inch long, cylindric ; lobes about as long as the tube, linear-oblong, obtuse. Filaments as long as the perianth-lobes ; anthers oblong. Ovary trigonous, 8-lobed, lobes pitted at the top; styles filiform, exserted, stigma minute. Fruit, according to Roxburgh, of two to three pisiform, orange-coloured, 1-seeded berries.—J. D. H. Fig. 1, Flower; 2, portion of do. laid open; 3 and 4 anthers; 5, ovary :— All enlarged. 7488. pea eran iiaillareelen ane Vincent Brooks, Day & Son,imp. MS. del IN Fitch ith LReeve & C° London. Tas. 7488. CYRTANTHUS Horton. Native of the Cape Colony. Nat. Ord. AMaRYLLIDEZ.—Tribe AMARYLLEZ. Genus CrrtantTHvs, Ait.; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 729.) * Cyrtantuvs Hutioni; bulbo globoso, tunicis exterioribus membranaceis brun- neis, foliis circiter 4 synanthiis ensiformibus glabris viridibus suberectis scapo brevioribus, scapo valido tereti elongato, umbellis 6-10-flris, spathes valvis 2 ovatis brunneis membranaceis, pedicellis elongatis, peri- anthio anguste infundibulari rubro intus luteo lobis ovatis tubo duplo brevioribus, staminibus prope faucem tubi insertis filamentis brevissimis, stylo elongato. C. Huttoni, Baker Handb. Amaryllid. p. 55. This recently introduced Cyrtanthus is much more robust than C. angustifolius (Bot. Mag., tab. 271), and its numer- ous allies, but is not nearly so large in its flowers as 0. obliquus. It was first flowered at Kew in May, 1864, from plants sent by Mr. J. Hutton from the south-eastern district of Cape Colony. A specimen was sent to Kew from Glas- nevin in 1884; and from the province of Somerset Kast, from Mr. James O’Brien in 1890. The plants now grown at Kew were raised from seeds received from the Hdin- burgh Botanic Garden in 1892. Like all the other species it requires the shelter of a cool frame in an English garden. The flowers are not scented. _ Deser.— Bulb globose, an inch or an inch and a half in diameter. Leaves about four to a bulb, contemporary with the flowers, ensiform, bright green, arcuate, glabrous, above a foot long, nearly an inch broad. Peduncle stout, terete, a foot and a half or two feet long. Flowers six to ten in an umbel ; spathe-valves two, ovate, brown, mem- branous; pedicels an inch or an inch and a half long. Perianth narrowly funnel-shaped, an inch and a half long, bright red outside, yellow within ; lobes ovate, half as long Aveust 1st, 1896. - as the tube. Stamens inserted near the throat of the perianth-tube ; filaments very short; anthers small, oblong. Style about as long as the perianth-tube.—J. G. Baker. Fig. 1, A flower cut open; 2, front view of anther; 3, back view of anther; 4, pistil, complete :—A/I enlarged. MS del J NFitch ith. Vincent Brooks Day &Som, lp: LReeve & @ London. Tas. 7489, SARCOCHILUS HatnaneEnsis. Native of the Island of Hainan. Nat. Ord. OncHIDEZ.—Tribe VanDEz. Genus Sarcocuitvs, Br.; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ili. p. 575.) SarcocHitus (Cuculla) hainanensis; caule elongato radicante robusto, foliis 4-5-pollicaribus lineari-oblongis obtusis, vaginis brevibus, racemis secundis patentibus et decurvis crasse pedunculatis compressis, bracteis rachi adnatis brevibus distiche imbricatis ovatis obtusis carnosis, floribus 2-pollicaribus, perianthio angusto falcato aureo, sepalis petalisque con- similibus anguste linearibus falcatis conniventibus, labello parvo sacci- forme puberulo, lobis lateralibus parvis triangularibus obtusis, terminali crasso conico obtuso basi intus squama parva obtusa instructo, sacco late conico apice rotundato 2-lobo intus basi villoso, columna brevi, anthera hemispherica, polliniis oblongis. The genus Sarcochilus is a very large tropical Hastern Asiatic one, the species of which have never been reduced to a system, and, being polymorphous, may offer characters for the establishment of several genera. In the “ Flora of British India” I brought thirty-five species, more than half of which were new, and some of the rest taken out of genera to which they did not belong, under Sarcochilus, dividing them into nine sections. Of these sections Cuculla, to which S. hainanensis belongs, is one of the best marked, on account of the compressed rachis of the raceme, with pectinately arranged, imbricating, persistent bracts. ‘The flowers appear to come out two at a time in the species here figured, one from each of two adjacent bracts, the rachis of the raceme probably having a very long duration. : The plant here figured was one amongst a collection of Orchids made in the Island of Hainan in Southern China, which was sent in 1894 to the Royal Gardens, Kew, by the Director of the Botanical Gardens of Hong Kong. It flowered in a stove in July of the same year. Descr.—Stem (in the specimen figured) six inches high, erect and leafy, but probably attaining a much greater length, and becoming pendulous, as thick as a goose-quill, Aveust Ist, 1896. flowering or rooting, or both, towards the middle of almost every internode, the peduncles or roots bursting through the leaf-sheaths ; internodes one-half to three-quarters of an inch long, wholly sheathed. Leaves about four inches long, by three-quarters of an inch broad, linear-oblong, obtuse, coriaceous, dark green above, deeply furrowed, paler and keeled beneath, margins subrecurved. Peduncles together with the racemes about as long as the leaves or shorter, horizontal and decurved, stout, cylindric ; rachis of raceme stout, compressed; bracts confluent with the rachis, about half an inch long, ovate, obtuse, distichous, green, tipped with brown, closely imbricate, except to- wards the base. lowers one and a half inch long, pendulous on short white pedicels, falcate. Sepals and petals similar, very slender, narrowed from the base to the subacute tip, golden-yellow. Lip very small, white sprinkled with pale red, sessile on the base of the column, saccate, puberulous ; side lobes very short, erect, triangular; midlobe short, conical, obtuse, with a small scale at its base within ; sac or spur hardly longer than the midlobe ; base broadly 2-lobed villous within. Column very short. Anther hemispheric.—J. D. H. Fig. 1, Column and lip; 2, the same, with the lip bisected; 3, column; 4, anther; 5 and 6, pollinia :—All enlarged. 74.90 M.S$.del. J Vincent Brooks,Day &Son Imp London Tas. 7490. ADONIS amurensis. Native of Manchuria and Japan. Nat. Ord. Rayuxcutacez.—Vribe ANEMONES. Genus Aponis, Linn.; (Benth. & Hook, f, Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 5.) Aponis (Consiligo) amurensis; perennis, robusta, glabra v. sparse pilosa, caule basi aphyllo longe vaginato superne folioso, foliis (spuriis e. fol. 2-3 confluentibus constantibus) caulinis petiolatis (supremis sessilibus) amplis ambitu fere orbicularibus 3-sectis segmentis pinnatisectis, pin- nulis anguste oblongis argute pinnatifidis, petiolo (axi secundario) robusto vagina elongata membranacea instructo, floribus breviter pedunculatis amplis, sepalis oblongis obtusis, petalis 20-50 sepalis paullo longioribus _ anguste obdovatis subspathulatisve versicoloribus, carpellis subglobosis stylo elongato recurvo, maturis dense pubescentibus stylo uncinato. A. amurensis, Regel & Radde, Bot. Abtheil. Radde Reis. Sud-Ost Sibir. vol. i. (1861) p. 33, t. 2, f. 1,2; et in Bull. Soe. Nat. Mosc. (1861) vol. ii. p. 35, t. 2,f.1,2. #. Schm. Reis. in Amurl. et Ins. Sachal. pp. 30,104. Franch. in Bull. Soc. Philom. Paris. Ser. 3, vol. vi. pp. 84, 88. Hemsl. in Gard. Chron. (1887) vol. ii. p. 491. Fu Ku Jus6 Shin Dsu. (Figures of varieties of Adonis amurensis). A. apennina, var. y, dahurica, Maxim. Prim. Fl. Amur. p. 491, Adonis amurensis was discovered on or near the Bareya Mts., on the right bank of the lower Amur river, Lat, 50 N., in what are now called the Amur Provinces of Russia; and it has since been found in Islands of Sachalin, Jesso, and in the north of Nippon. It was first described by Maximovicz from a very imperfect specimen as a variety of A. apennina, but was subsequently discriminated by Regel and Radde, and still more recently studied by Franchet, in a valuable paper cited above, and entitled **on the perennial species of Adonis and their geographical segregation.” In this paper Franchet points out that the apparent petiole with trisect leaf is really an arrested axis bearing two or three leaves, of which the petioles resemble the divisions of a single petiole, and were mistaken for them. The so-called leaf is therefore a branch, inserted in the axis of a leafless or almost leafless sheath. This arrangement Franchet regards as common to most pro- bably all the species of the Consiligo group of Adonis ; they Aveust Ist, 1896. are in fact branching herbs, though, as in A. amurensis, the main axis may be the only flowering one. The Japanese work cited above consists of twenty-one figures of varieties, or more probably garden sports of A. amurensis, of all sizes, with single“and double flowers, white, grey, yellow, green, purple, rose-colrd. and scarlet. Some are double, like “ bachelor’s buttons;” others have five laciniate petals, like a Dianthus. The sepals are often represented as ovate, acuminate, and very dark-colrd., and there are deviations from the type which might excite suspicion as to the good faith of the artist. The figure of the plant here given is from a specimen that flowered in a cool house of the Royal Gardens in February of this year. The red flower, fig. 3, is from the Japanese work. Descr.—A glabrous or sparsely hairy perennial-rooted herb, Stem eight to eighteen inches high, simple or branched, as thick as a swan’s quill, leafless below, but clothed with long membranous pale sheaths an inch long and more, the upper of which have sometimes foliaceous tips. Cauline leaves (really 2-3 connate leaves) three to six inches long and broad, the lower stalked, the upper sessile, orbicular-ovate in outline, trisect to the base; segments (true leaves) pinnatisect to the base; segments crowded, linear-oblong, pinnatifidly acutely incised, dark green above, pale beneath; petiole (a branch or secondary axis) of the lower leaves three inches long or more, very stout, connate with, or in the axil of a linear membranous sheath. Flowers two inches in diameter, shortly stoutly peduncled, golden-yellow, white, rose-colrd., or bright red. Sepals oblong, obtuse, concave, greenish or brownish dor- sally. Petals twenty to fifty, rather longer than the sepals, narrowly oblong-obovate, or subspathulate, tip rounded entire or erose. Stamens very many, about one-third the length of the petals; anthers small, oblong, yellow. Carpels in a globose head, subglobose, pubescent; style as long as the ovary, recurved ; ripe carpels globose, densely pubes- cent, style uncinate and recurved on the ovary.—J. D, H. Fig. 1, Stamen; 2, carpels :—both enlarged ; 3, flower from the plate in the Fu Ku Jus6 Schin Dsu, of the natural size, 7440 UN NS as p pa : ; i hi i : Rt ) ESSS\ Ye y \ t Brooks,Day & Son imp YIFiceTt JN-Fitch hth >.del. we AVL. 5. LReeve & C° London Tap. 7491. SOLANUM cernuvm. Native of South Brazil. Nat. Ord. Sonanacem.—Tribe SoLane&. Genus Sonanum, Linn. ; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 888.) Soranum (Pachystemonum) cernuwm; arbuscula orgyalis, candice valido erecto apice ramoso ramis crassis petiolis costa foliorum subtus cymzque ramis ramulisque pilis flexuosis brunneis undique dense crinitis, foliis amplis oblongis obovatisve acuminatis marginibus undulatis basi rotun- datis in petiolum brevem crassum angustatis supra levibus nervis utrinque 6-10, marginibus undulatis, subtus nervosis tomentoso-leprosis albido- - spadiceis, junioribus utrinque sparse stellato-pubescentibus, racemis suboppositifoliis decurvis pedunculo brevi ramisque crassis, floribus confertis brevissime pedicellatis pollicem diametro albis, calyce brevi subcampanulato inequaliter 4-5 lobo post anthesin inflato baccam tegente, lobis ovatis obtusis stellatim pilosis, corolla 5-partita, antheris ates poris introrsum spectantibus, ovario apice piloso, bacca globosa irsuta. S. cernuum, Velloz. Fl. Flum. p. 84, Ill. vol. ii. t. 103. Mart. Reise, vol. i. p- 282; Syst. Mat. Med. Veg. Bras. p.10. Sendtn. in Mart. Fl. Bras. vol. x. p. 42. S. paleatum, Schott mss. in Herb. Vind. n. 5419.: S. jubatum, Dunal mss. in Herb. Banks ex DC. Prodr, vol. xiii. pars. i. p. 132. Wawra Bot. Reis. Pr. Saxe-Coburg, vol. i. t. 66. A very-singular looking plant, from its stout habit and the dense clothing of long flexuous chaffy, sometimes secund hairs resembling the fur of an animal, and giving rise to the Portuguese name of Bolsa de Pastor, or ** Braco de Preguiga,”’ arm of the ant-eater, It is a native of the provinces of Rio and Minas Geraes, growing in stony soil in the deciduous forests, and is a reputed sudorific of the Brazilian Pharmacopcea. The drawing here reproduced gives no idea of the size and robustness which the branches and petioles attain, or the length and breadth of the leaves, es of the cymes, which are sometimes as large as the st. | : Dunal in De Candolle’s Prodromus, adopted jubatum, a ms, name of his own, for this plant, in place of the earlier cernuum Of Vellozo, and this though Vellozo’s had been taken up by Martius and by Sendtner. Dunal gives as his only reason that Vellozos’s name was not sufficiently Aveust Ist, 1896, applicable (‘‘non satis congruens.”) I suppose that he overlooked the decurved or drooping inflorescence, which is represented in Vellozo’s figure, as well as in that of Waura, and of this work, from any of which it may be seen that the name cernuwm is very appropriate. Descr.—A small tree or subarboreous shrub, with an erect cylindric stem or trunk, six to eight feet high, naked below, and furnished with short branches at the top; upper part of the stem, branches, midrib of leaves beneath, branches of the cyme and calyces crinite with long brown flexuous chaffy hairs, nearly a quarter of an inch long. Leaves up to two feet long, broadly oblong or obovate, acuminate, base rounded or narrowed below into a very stout petiole, margins undulate, above bright green and shining with eight or more pairs of arching nerves, be- neath white, with scattered or appressed silvery or brown scurf and stellate hairs; young leaves stellately hairy on both surfaces. Cymes drooping, sub-leaf-opposed; peduncle short, and branches stout, green except for the brown hairs; flowers an inch in diameter, subsessile, pure white with golden anthers. Calyx subcampanulate, crinite, very unequally three to five-cleft ; lobes obtuse, or if of connate lobes then fewer and cleft at the apex. Covolla-lobes ovate, acute. Stamens short; anthers oblong, lobes obtuse, pores towards the apex opening towards the style. Ovary oblong, top hairy; style slender, stigma narrowly clavate. Berry (as described by Martius). globose, hirsute, enclosed in the enlarged calyx.—J. D. H. Fig. 1, Stellate hairs from the undersurface of the leaves; 2, calyx; 3, anthers ; 4, pistil:— AZZ enlarged. BRITISH, COLONIAL, AND FOREIGN FLORAS. HANDBOOK of the BRITISH FLORA; a Description of the Flowering Plants and Ferns indigenous to, or naturalized in the British Isles. For the use of Beginners and Amateurs, By Grorcr Beyrnam, F.R.S. 6th Edition, revised by Sir J. D. Hooker. Crown 8vo, 10s. 6d. ILLUSTRATIONS of the BRITISH FLORA ; a Series of Wood Engravings, with Dissections, of British Plants, from Drawings by W. H. Fircn, F.L.S., and W. G. Smirn, F.L. 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BUTLER, PhD, FLS., | “a orms & large and handsome volume of between 300 and 400 ipaciae, with 60.Plates, b haan fe ¥F. Ww. 7 Tae beantifa coloured ‘by hand, "HANDBOOK OF THE BRITISH FLORA: A Description of the Flowering Plants and Ferns Indigenous to or Naturaliged in the British Isles. Br GEORGE BENTHAM, F.RS, uth Edition, Revised by Sir J. D, Hooxrn, C.B., K.C.S.1., F.R.S., &, 10s. 6d. ILLUSTRATIONS OF THE BRITISH FLORA: oe A Series of Wood Engravings, with Dissections, of British Plants Drawn sy W. if, FITCH, F.L.S., anp W. G. SMITH, F.L.S. ie ning an Iliustrated Companion fo Benthain’s “ Handbook,” and other British Floras. 3rd oe with 1315 Wood Engravings, 10s. 62. RURYE fe ee 6, HENRIRTTA STREET, COVENT GARDEN. 74.92 Brooks,Day & SonImp t Vincent cn lith . del. JN.Fut MS a ° L Reeve é Tas. 7492. CHONEMORPHA macrorHyLtia. ‘Native of India and the Malay Islands. | Nat. Ord. Apocynace®.—Tribe EcHITIDER. Genus Caonemorena, G. Don. (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 720.) CuoneMorena macrophylla; frutex scandens glaber v. pubescens, ramis crassiusculis teretibus, foliis amplis orbicularibus ovatis obovatisve cuspi- datis basi cuneatis rotundatis cordatisve sepius pubescentibus, nervis utrinque cost 10-12 arcuatis nervulisque transversis creberrimis pro- minulis, cymis axillaribus et pseudoterminalibus breviter-pedunculatis paucifloris, ramis divaricatis, bracteis minutis ovatis, pedicellis crassius- culis, calyce oblongo tereti breviter 5-fido demum tabescente brunneo medio constricto tubum corollz# arcte cingente, corolle tubo gracili 14- poll. longo, limbi 3-poll. diam. lobis trapeziformibus, disco 5-lobo, folliculis 12-18-pollicaribus. C. macrophylla, G. Don Gen. Syst. Gard. vol. iv. p. 76. -A.DQ. Prodr. vol. viii. p. 430. Wight Ic. Pl. Ind. Or. t. 432. Brandis For. Flor. N.W. Ind. p. 328. Kurz For. Flor. Brit. Burm, vol. ii. p. 187. Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vol. iii. p. 661. Gamble Trees, §c., of Darjeeling, p. 56. °C. grandiflora, G. Don l.c. C. mollis, Miguel Fl. Ind. Bat. vol. ii. p. 444, fide Kurz in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. vol. xlvi. pars II. (1877) p. 257. Echites macrophylla, Roxb. Fl. Ind. vol. ii. p.13. Wall. Cat. n. 1657. E. grandis, Wall. l.c. n. 1658. Grah. Cat. Bomb. Pl. p. 1138. Dalz. & Gibs. Bombay Flor. p. 147. PE. macrantha, Spreng. Syst. Veg. vol. i. p. 632, A.DC. l. ¢. p. 477. Epichysianthus macrophyllus, Voigt Hort. Suburb. Calcutt. p. 523. Belutta-Kaka-Kodi, Rheede Hort. Matlab. vol. ix. t. 5, 6. One of the commonest and handsomest of the white- flowered climbing shrubs of Indian tropical forests, ex- tending from the foot of the Himalaya in Kumaon, east- ward along the whole range, and southward to Travancore, Ceylon, the Andaman Islands, Malayan Peninsula, Sumatra and Java. Throughout this wide range of distribution it presents little variation except in the size and shape of the leaves, their hairyness, and somewhat in the dimensions of the corolla. In the forests of Sikkim, where it reaches an elevation of 6000 ft., it climbs the loftiest trees, often covering their tops with a white sheet of flowers. On in- SEPTEMBER Ist, 1896, cision the trunk yields a white coagulable milk, which is described by Gamble as “ a good sort of Caoutchouc.”’ Chonemorpha macrophylla was raised at the Royal Gardens, Kew, from seeds sent from those of Calcutta in 1884. The plant is trained against a rafterin the Victoria Regia House, where it develops its sweet-scented flowers in July. Descr—A very large scandent shrub, more or less pubescent, or with the leaves almost hirsute beneath ; branches stout, terete. Leaves large, up to ten inches long and broad, opposite, shortly petioled, from orbicular to ovate or obovate, cuspidate, base cuneate, rounded, or subcordate, dark green above with ten to twelve pairs of sunk arching nerves, beneath always more or less pubes- cent, very pale green, with prominent nerves and cross- nervules; petiole terete. Flowers in subterminal shortly peduncled cymes, with widely spreading terete green branches and pedicels speckled with red; pedicels one half to three-fourths of an inch long; bracts minute, ovate, acute, brown. Calyx three-fourths of an inch long, tubular, terete, unequally shortly 5-lobed, at length on withering red-brown and tightly constricting the tube of the corolla. Corolla white, tube proper very short, hairy within, produced into a tubular terete throat an inch and a half long above the insertion of the stamens; limb three inches broad, lobes broadly obliquely triangular or trapezoid from a very narrow base, white, yellowish to- wards the narrow mouth. Stamens inserted at the mouth of the tube at the bottom of the long throat, filaments very short, pubescent ; anthers sagittate. Disk five-lobed. Ovary two-grooved, narrowed into a long two-grooved style which is hairy at the top and terminated by a conical bifid stigma constricted at the base. Iruit of two long straight hard trigonous follicles, twelve to eighteen inches long. Seeds flat with a long tuft of hair.—J. D. H. Fig. 1, Base of calyx and corolla bisected; 2 and 3, stamens; 4, ovary and disk :—AJ/ enlarged. L Reeve & C° London. Tas, 7493. DENDROBIUM Loaovis, Native of the Malay Peninsula. Nat. Ord. Oncu1pEa.—Tribe EripEnpRrEA, Genus Denprosium, Sw. ; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 498.) DeEnpropium (Aporum) Leonis; caulibus coespitosis compressis foliosis, foliis persistentibus distichis equitantibus verticalibus late ovatis obtusis crasse coriaceis enerviis, vaginis brevibus membranaceis applanatis, floribus in apicibus ramorum solitariis, pedicellis brevibus bracteis scariosis demum laceris vaginatis, floribus ? poll. longis, sepalis lateralibus triangulari-rotundatis aureis basi fusco-sanguineo striolatis in mentum latum rotundatum cum columna confluentibus, dorsali multo minore ovato- rotundato, petalis ellipticis obtusis sepalum dorsale s«quantibus, labello lineari-oblongo recurvo integro ecristato, disco paullo incrassato sanguineo striato apice late rotundato incrassato hispidulo aureo, anthera vertice biloba. D. Leonis, Reichd. f. in Walp. Ann. Bot. vol. vi. p. 280. Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vol. v. p. 723; in Ann. Roy. Bot. Gard. Calcutt. vol. v. part I. p. 7, tab. 10. Aporum Leonis, Lindl. in Bot. Reg. (1840) Misc. p. 59. Griffith in Cale. Journ. Nat. Hist. vol. v. (1845) p. 368. A. indivisum, Lindl. in Wall. Cat. n. 2081; Gen. & Sp. Orchid. p. 70 (non Blume). The curious Orchid here figured was introduced from Singapore sixty years ago by the famous botanical collector Cuming, who sent it to Loddiges, under the local name of **Lion’s mouth,” given it from a fancied resemblance of the flower to the open mouth of that animal, the lip repre- senting its tongue. It had been previously found by Mr. Prince, who sent it to Dr. Wallich, then Superintendent of the Calcutta Gardens, with a rude drawing from which Dr. Lindley erroneously referred it to Aporwm indivisum of Blume. A. Leonis is probably common in the Malaya Peninsula, having been found in Perak, Malacca, Singa-— pore, and extending thence to Java. Mr. Ridley informs a by letter that the flowers are exquisitely scented of anilla. : The section Aporum, to which D. Leonis belongs, differs widely in habit from other Dendrobias, owing to the vertical direction (that is the lateral compression ) of the evergreen distichous leaves, the anatomical study of which SErremBeER Ist, 1896. would be worth undertaking. One species has been pre- viously figured in this work, D. anceps, Sw. of Bengal, t. 3608, which has axillary flowers with minute bracts. In D. Leonis the bracts in some specimens have broken up into a brush of brown fibres, out of which the flower arises. : Plants of D. Leonis were received at the Royal Gardens from Mr. Curtis, F.L.S., Assistant Superintendent of the Garden and Forest Department of Penang, who procured them from Perak in the adjoining Peninsula. One of these flowered in a tropical House in April of this year. Descr.—Stems tufted with fibrous roots, branching from the base; branches four to six inches long, one and a half inch broad across the distichous leaves which clothe the branches from base to apex. Leaves about an inch long, ovate-oblong, obtuse, equitant and distichously imbricating, their flattened scarious sheaths embracing the broad flat- tened stem, dark green, hard and fleshy, quite smooth, nerveless ; sometimes, when the internodes are lengthened, the leaf breaks away from the scarious sheath, and the latter presents a truncate face of a pale grey colour con- trasting with the dark green of the adjacent leaves. Flowers solitary, and very shortly pedicelled at the ends of the branches, about three-fourths of an inch long by nearly as broad, of a dirty golden-yellow, streaked with dull purple at the base of the lateral sepals and lip. Lateral sepals much larger than the rest of the flower, very broadly ovate, obtuse, connate with the foot of the column into a rounded mentum ; dorsal sepal very small, orbicular- ovate. Petals about as large as the dorsal sepal, ovate- oblong, obtuse. Lip as long as the lateral sepals, linear- oblong, undivided, disk with a thickened median band terminating in a rounded broad thickened setulose tip. Column very short. Anther hemispheric, crown 2-lobed. —J.D. H. Fig. 1, Flower with the lip removed; 2, lip; 3, anther; 4, pollinia :-—Adl enlarged, 7494 Vincent Brooks Day & Son imp. MS del, INFitchhith. 1. WMeamwa Pht. an tas Tas. 7494, BAUHINIA Gatpint. Native of the Transvaal. Nat. Ord. Legumrmosr“2.—Tribe Bavainieg. Genus Bavainia, Linn.; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 575.) Bavurnta (Phanera) Galpini; frutex subscandens fere glaberrimus, ramulis rufo-puberulis, foliis petiolatis orbicularibus v. transverse late oblongis breviter 2-lobis, 7-nerviis, basi rotundatis v. truncatis, lobis rotundatis, subtus glabris puberulisve, petiolo lamina § v. } breviore, stipulis parvis subulatis, racemis terminalibus et oppositifoliis 6-10-floris, rachi pedun- culis calycibusque ferrugineo-puberulis, bracteis parvis subulatis, calycis tubo subpollicari recto, limbo tubo subzequilongo spathaceo, petalis 1-14 poll. longis coccineis, limbo orbiculari cuspidato ungue zquilongo, staminibus 3 perfectis ceteris brevibus subulatis, antheris flavis, ovario pubescente, stigmate capitellato, legumine 3-5-poll. longo lineari-oblongo compresso basi attenuato apice decurvo rostrato dorso alte costato, seminibus oblongis. B. Galpini, NV. £. Br. in Gard. Chron. (1891) vol. i. p. 728. Oliverin Hook. Ic. Fi, t. 1994. According to a note accompanying dried specimens in the Kew Herbarium, Bauhinia Galpint was discovered by Mr. W. Nelson at Dorn Spruit Spelunken, under the tropic of Capricorn, in 1880. Specimens have since been received from other localities in the Transvaal, as Baber- ton, the De Kaap Valley, &c., by Messrs. Thorncroft, Wood, &c.; and both seeds and dried- specimens from Mrs. K. Saunders of Torgaati, Natal, where the plant is cultivated. It advances far into the tropic, Mr. Last having found it in the Makua country, Mozambique. At Baberton it appears to be a common shrub, clothing the hills in great masses five to ten feet high, conspicuous by the bright scarlet flowers. ; In the Royal Gardens it has attained a height of eight feet in the Succulent House, where it flowered for the first time in October, 1895. i Descr.—A half climbing shrub, five to ten feet high ; bark brown, of young shoots rusty-puberulous. Leaves petio- late, one to three inches long, orbicular or transversely broadly oblong, broadly 2-lobed from one-fifth to one-half their length, 7-nerved, base rounded or truncate, pale SerremBER Ist, 1899, green above, still paler and glabrous or puberulous be- neath ; petiole about one-fourth of an inch ; stipules minute, subulate, deciduous. Racemes leaf-opposed on_ short ‘lateral shoots, 6-10-fld.; peduncle short, and rachis pedicels and calyx rusty-puberulous ; bracts one-eighth to one-quarter of an inch, subulate, fugacious. Calyw-tube three-fourths to one and a quarter inch long, cylindric, linb about as- long as the tube, spathaceous. Petals one to one and a half inch long, crimson or scarlet, claw as long as the orbicular cuspidate limb. Stamens three fertile, the remainder reduced to short subulate filaments, fertile nearly as long as the petals; anthers yellow, linear- oblong. Ovary long-stipitate, rusty-pubescent; style pubescent, stigma capitate. Pod three to five inches long by nearly one inch broad, flat, narrowed into a stipes at the base, and into a decurved beak at the apex, convex margin with two strong keels. Seeds half an inch long, oblong, compressed, dark brown.—J. D. H. Fig. 1, Flower with calyx and corolla removed; 2 and 3, stamens; 4, ovary; —all enlarged ; 5, legume, and 6, seed, both of the nat. size. Peer TOTEM Ra gy Te aoe “AAS, & BOAT errs ree 'g ee) o e 3,D Vincent Brooks L Reeve & C° London. itch hth MS.del, INF Tas. 7495. RHOD ODENDRON Smrenovi. Native of Trans-Caucasia. Nat. Ord. Ertcacka2.—Tribe RuoporEx. Genus Ruopopenpkon, Linn. ; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 599.) RHODODENDRON (Eurhododendron) Smirnovi; subarboreum, ramulis robustis foliisque subtus lana griseo-alba appressa opertis, foliis lineari-oblongis obtusiusculis in petiolum robustum brevem griseum angustatis crasse coriaceis marginibus subrecurvis supra saturate viridibus subopacis, costa pallida subtus valida nervisque obscuris lana opertis, floribus in corymbum magnum globosum dense aggregatis breviter pedicellatis, pedicellis robustis calyceque brevi obtuse 5-fido lanatis, corolla ampla infundibulare pallide rosea v. alba profunde 5-fida, tubo brevi, lobis amplis patulis rotundatis marginibus undulato-crispatis saturatius roseis, dorsali punctato, stami- nibus 10 declinatis filamentis roseis infra medium pilosis antheris aureis, ovario conico-cylindraceo tomentoso 5-loculari, stylo incurvo rubro stigmate truncato. = R. Smirnovi, Trautv. ea Regel in Gartenfl. vol. xxxiv. (1885) p.335, and vol. xxxv. (1885) t. 1226, f. 11, d-g. (execrabilis). Two noble species of Rhododendron, Rk. Smirnovi and R. Ungerni, showing a marked affinity in foliage with some Himalayan congeners, have comparatively recently been discovered in the mountains South of the Caucasus by Baron Ungern Sternberg of Artwin. Both occupy a region intermediate between those of BR. ponticwm, which ascends to 5000 ft., and below that of R. caucasicum, which descends to 8000 ft., where they form small bushy trees, fifteen to twenty feet high. The more precise loca- lity is 100 versts (about sixty-six miles) from Batoum. Dried specimens of both were sent by the Baron to M. Smirnow, by whom they were communicated to Prof. Trautvetter of St. Petersburgh, and were there described by Dr. Regel in the work cited above. Later, seeds of both were obtained by Massalsky, a collector for the Imperial Botanical Garden of St. Petersburgh, a portion of which were sent to Kew by Dr. Regel in 1866, and from these the plant here figured was raised. It flowered when only a foot high, in the early part of May, 1894. Mr. Watson informs me that it is perfectly hardy at Kew, forming a SEPTEMBER Ist, 1896. compact bush, with thick leathery leaves, and that seedlings from crosses with it and other garden forms of the genus are now growing at Kew. Of the Himalayan species, R. Smirnovi is nearest to PR. lanatum in foliage, differing from it and from all the large Indian species with woolly undersurfaces of the leaves in the infundibular corolla. Descr.—A small robust tree, fifteen to twenty feet high ; branches stout, compact, young clothed with a grey felted wool, as are the leaves beneath petioles pedicels and calyx. Leaves three to five inches long, by one to one and a quarter broad, narrowed into a stout petiole, elliptic-oblong, subacute, thickly coriaceous, margins sub- recurved, upper surface dark green with a yellowish sunken midrib, and very obscure nerves, under grey-white or very pale brown, with a stout midrib; nerves six to eight pairs; petiole half an inch long. Flowers in a com- pact globose sessile head six inches in diameter; pedicels short, stout. Calyx a small tomentose 5-lobed cup ; lobes broadly ovate, obtuse. Corolla funnel-shaped, with a short tube, and very large open corolla, three inches in diameter, rose-red ; lobes rounded, with broad crisped and curled darker rose-colrd. margins; upper lobe speckled on the disk with scattered oval brownish spots. Stamens 10, declinate; filaments slender, rose-colrd., hairy in the lower half; anthers oblong, yellow. Ovary cylindric- conic, tomentose, 5-celled ; style recurved, stigma simply truncate.—J. D. H. Fig. 1, Stamen ; 2, top of style and stigma ; 3, calyxand ovary; 4, transverse - section of ovary :—All enlarged. : conta tama tt ad ERNE dee Wi po ON orm aoe, Vincent Brooks,Day & Sant e M.S.del. JN Hitch kth. T Ream ® C°O 1 onam Tas. 7496. CELMISIA Moyrot. Native of New Zealand. Nat. Ord. Composita.—Tribe ASTEROIDES. Genus Cetmisia, Cass.; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 278.) Cetmista Munroi; caule robusto, foliis perplurimis 3-8-poll. longis 3-1} poll. latis sessilibus anguste lineari-oblongis acuminatis coriaceis subplicatis marginibus recurvis supra laete viridibus pellicula gossypina argenteo- nitidula obtectis enerviis, subtus lana sericea argentea appressa opertis, costa crassa, scapo foliis longiore valido gossypino, bracteis linearibus numerosis elongatis erectis, capitulo 1-2} poll. lato, involucri late cam- panulati bracteis numerosissimis linearibus coriaceis tomentosis erectis recurvisve, flosculis radii perplurimis confertis 2-3-seriatis, tubo glabro, limbi linearis apice 3-crenato, acheniis linearibus obtuse angulatis glabris hispidulisve, pappi setis flexuosis scaberulis. C. Munroi, Hook. f. Handb. New Zeal, Fl, p. 133. Celmisia Munroi is one of the handsomest of the genus which represents in New Zealand the Asters of other parts of the world. Upwards of thirty species are known to inhabit the Southern Islands of the Archipelago, only two of which are also found in the Northern; and of these two one, C. longifolia, Cass., extends to the Alps of Australia and Tasmania. This latter is the only species that ranges throughout the whole length of the New Zealand Islands from the Bay of Islands to Otago. Many attempts have been made to introduce not a few of the species of Celmisia into English gardens, but with little success. In so far as I am aware, only two have been figured from liying plants grown in this country, C. spectabilis, Hook. f., Tab. 66538, and C. Lindsayi, Hook f., Tab. 7184, both of this work. Messrs. J. Veitch & Sons are the introducers of C. Munroi, as they were of CO. spectabilis. The former was received at Kew, under the name of C. coriacea, Hook. f., a closely allied species with leaves and flowers as large, but which differs in the pubescent tubes of the corolla and compressed achenes. | ; SEPTEMBER Ist, 1896. Celmisia Munroi inhabits the northern half of the Middle Island of New Zealand, at elevations of 1500 to 4500 ft. It was discovered by Dr. Munro of Nelson, in the Upton downs of the Marlborough province, and it has since been found at various localities about Mt. Cook and elsewhere in the Canterbury province. _ The plant here figured flowered in a greenhouse of the Royal Gardens in May of the present year, the flower — lasting, as Mr. Watson informs me, about a fortnight. Deser.—Whole plant except the upper surface of the leaves and florets clothed with a snow-white cottony ap-— pressed wool. Stem short, as thick as the thumb, crowned with a thick mass of erect and recurved linear-lanceolate leaves, and bearing one or more erect single-fid. scapes. Leaves sessile, three to eight inches long by one-third to one and a half inches broad, acuminate or subacute, coriaceous, subplicate, margins recurved, midrib very broad at the base, nerves almost parallel, upper surface dark green, clothed with a silvery pellicle, undersurface silvery-woolly with a stout midrib. Scape longer than the leaves, stout, erect, clothed with erect linear bracts one to two inches long, that are green above and silvery-tomen- tose dorsally. Head one to two anda half inches broad. Involucre broadly campanulate; bracts many-seriate, erect or recurved, linear or subulate, acuminate, dorsally woolly. Ray-flowers many, in two to three series, tube glabrous ; limb linear, white, two-thirds of an inch long or less, tip 3-toothed. Disc-flowers golden-yellow, very many, tube 5-cleft. Achenes linear, obtusely angled, glabrous or sparsely hispidulous ; pappus-hairs rigid, rather flexuous, unequal, scaberulous.—J. D. H. Fig. 1, Involucral bract ; 2, floret of ray; 3, do. of disk; 4, hair of pappus; 5, stamen ; 6, style-arms of ray floret :— _ 99 Coloured Plates, 63s. _L. REEVE & CO., 6, Henrietta Strect, Covent Garden. eh ar re Re BO TANI CAL MAGAZINE, CONTENTS OF No. 623, NOVEMBER, 1896. ‘Tan. 7502.—CYCNOCHES HAAGIL 2 » 7503—RHODODENDRON SERPYLLIFOLIUM, —a a » 7504—PENTSTEMON AZUREUS. _ * y» 7505.—HAWORTHIA XIPHIOPHYLLA. » 1506.—ACANTHOLIMON VENUSTUM. L. Reeve & Co., 6, Henrietta Street, Covent Shue” Now Ready; Vol. VI., Parts I. and II., 7s. 6d, each. FLORA CAPENSIS: stematic Description of the Plants of the Cape ies Caffraria, ee and Port Natal. Edited by W. T. THISELTON-DYER, C.M.G,, F.R.S., Director of the Royal Gar aia Kew. 4 ‘under the authority of the Governments of the Cape of Good Hope and Natal. é Vols. I. to Ifl. 18s. ench. TLLIAM ‘i. HARVEY, M.D., F.R.S., Professor of Botany in the University of Dublin, and OTTO WILHELM SONDER, Ph.D. _. Now ready, Part XX1I., 9s. 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LIL—DECEMBER. |~ 2 Price 3s. 6d. coloured, 28. 6d. plas oR No, 1318 OF THE ENTIRE WORK. CURTIS'S BOTANICAL MAGAZINE COMPRISING THE PLANTS OF THE ROYAL GARDENS OF KEW, AND OF OTHER BOTANICAL ESTABLISHMENTS IN GREAT BRITAIN, WITH SUITABLE antagrce seaes S; BY Sir JOSEPH DALTON HOOKER, M.D., K.CS. i 6. B., F.R.S., FL Late Director of the Ropal Botanic Garvens of Kew. << _— di an ae oe Nature and Art to adorn the page combine, And flowers exotic grace our northern clime. me? aol LOND ON: : L. REEVE anv CO., 6, HENRIETTA STREET, COVEN iT + GARDEN. 1896. [All rights reserved.] Now ready, price 2s. 6d. INSULAR FLORAS. Pabiers delivered by Str J. D. HOOKER, C.B., before the British Ragsoiation for the advancement of Science at Nottingham, August 27, 1866. BRITISH FERN Si GARDEN FERNS: ec and Descriptions of a Selection of Exotic Ferns, adapted for Cultivation in the Garden, Hothouse, and Conservatory. Sir W. J. Hooxer, F.R.8. Royal 8vo. 64 Coloured Plates, £2 2s. Coloured Figures and Descriptions of Exotic Ferns. W. J. igs F.R.S. Royal Ato. 100 Coloured Plates, £6 11s. Sos ready, Resin Edition BOOK OF BRITISH MOSSES, ning all that are known to be natives of the British Isles. M.. J. BERKELEY, | “MAY a LS. 24 Coloured Plates, 21s. HAWK, Denncifaly ‘coloured by bi te or Naturalishd j in the British jac By GEORGE BENTHAM, F.RS, Eatin, Revived sae Sir J. D. Hooker, C.B., K.C.8, ei F.RS., ue 10s aia Yoel F aU | ONE) MS, : =. @eL.<)N Pitch hur Tas. 7507. GRAMMATOPHYLLUM Rompnranum. Native of the Moluccas and Borneo. Nat. Ord. OxrcHipE®.—Tribe VANDE#. Genus GRAMMATOPHYLLUM, Blume; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen, Plant. vol. iii, p- 539.) GRaMMATOPHYLLUM Rumphianum; pseudobulbis magnis ovoideo-fusiformibus, foliis pedalibus oblongo-oblanceolatis, pedunculo cum racemo 3-4-pedali, racemo pendulo v. nutante laxe multifloro, rachi viride punctato, bracteis parvis ovato-lanceolatis, pedicellis cum ovario brevi 23-pollicaribus, floribus 8 poll. diam., sepalis petalisque consimilibus obovato-oblongis obtusis undulatis luteo-viridibus plagis magnis rufo-brunneis ornatis, sepalo postico arrecto, labelli parviintus pilosi lobis lateralibus rotundatis incurvis, terminali rotundato, disco aureo lineis 5 purpareis hirsutis eae columna incurva basi foveolata, anthera pubescente ambitu obulata. G. Rumphianum, Miquel Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. vol. iv. p. 219, t. 8, 9. Rolfe in Orchid Rev, vol. iii, (1895) p. 208. G. Gulielmi II., Kreenzlin in Gartenfl. vol. xliii. (1894) p. 114. G. scriptum, Teysm. § Binnend. in Natuurk. Tijdsch, vy. Nederl. Ind.-vol. xxvii. p- 21, erel. Syn. Blumei. G. Seegerianum, Hort. Though greatly inferior in the dimensions of all its parts to the type of the genus @. speciosum (Tab. 5157), G. Rumphianum must still, taking into aceount the size of the pseudobulbs, rank amongst the most massive of orchids. Its nearest, and indeed very near ally, 1s G. Fenzlianum, Reichb. f. (Xen. Orchid. vol. ii. t. 16), which differs in the smaller size of the flowers, with fewer smaller spots, and which, being a native of Amboyna, should per- haps rather than this, have borne the name of the author of the “ Hortus Amboinensis.” G. Measuresranum is, I think, a garden name for G@. Fenzlianum rather than of Rumphia- num, - Two plants of G. Rumphianum flowered simultaneously at Kew in June, 1895, of which one was received from the Botanic Gardens of Hongkong, with the information that it camo from Kudah in Borneo. The other was obtained from Messrs. Hugh Low & Co., under the name of G. Gulielmi II., Krenzlin. The flowers remain fresh for Decemper Ist, 1896. at least two months. The two lowest of the racemes have regular sepals and petals, and a perfect column, but no lip. - The species is said to be also a native of the Philippine Islands. Descr.—Pseudobulbs six to eight inches long, terete, stout, ovoid or fusiform, compressed, dark green. Leaves twelve to eighteen inches long, oblanceolate-oblong, ob- tuse, midrib beneath very stout, nerves slender. Raceme with the peduncle three to four feet long, spreading and nodding, or pendulous, shortly peduncled, laxly very many- flowered; rachis as thick as a goose-quill, terete, green, speckled with darker green; bracts small, about half an inch long, ovate-lanceolate, white, at length pale brown; _ pedicel white, with the short ovary two and a half inches long, as thick asacrow-quill. Perianth three inches broad. Sepals and petals similar, obovate-oblong, spreading, undu- late, tip rounded, yellow green, covered with very large red-brown blotches of irregular outline. Lip very much smaller than the sepals, three-lobed ; disk undulate, yellow with five purple nerves, more or less hairy all over; side lobes broad, rounded, incurved; terminal lobe oblong. Column incurved, with a deep pit in front of the base, and a lobed callus below it on each side. Anther orbicular, sides lobulate, pubescent. Pollen subglobose; strap very _ short; gland large, cordate.—J. D. H. et Portion = ae Ps column; 3, anther; 4 and 5, pollinia:—All 7508 Vincent Brooks,Day & Sar a - € “ —— en Sees & C° London. ¢ rt .2eVe 5 ae N Fitch hth Bis’ 5. & aE 3 he to a Tas. 7908. PRUNUS susBHirteqta. Native of Japan. Nat. Ord. Rosacrm.—Tribe Prunes. Genus Prunus, Linn. ; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 609.) Prunus (Cerasus) subhirtella; arbuscula, cortice pallide brunnea, ramis patulis, squamis gemmarum brevibus coriaceis obtusis, foliis ovatis acuminatis caudato-acumivatisve argute duplicato glanduloso-serratis _viridibus glabris basi cuneatis v. rotundatis nudis v. 1-2-glandulosis subtus secus nervos utrinque 12-14 pilosulis, petiolo brevi hirsuto, stipulis lanceolatis v. subulatis incigo-serratis, floribus precocibus 3-5-nis 3-? poll. latis, squamis gemmarum intimis herbaceis cuneiformibus 3-lobis glanduloso-ciliatis, pedicellis calyce paullo longioribus pilosulis, calycis tubo glaberrimo v. parce pileso basi tumido lobis ovatis subserratis ciliolatis longiore, petalis albis inzsqualiter crenatis v. lobulatis, staminitus Te ovario styloque glaberrimis, fructu immaturo ellipsoidev- globoso, P. subbirtella, Miguel Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. vol. ii. p. 91 (Prol. FI. Japon. p. 23). Franch. & Sav. Enum. Pl. Japon. vol. i. p. 118. The Eastern Asiatic and Japanese species of the tribe of Prunew require a much closer study than they have hitherto received, nor is it till very recently that materials for their full investigation have been received in European Herbaria. Forbes and Hemsley in their enumeration of Chinese, &c., plants (Journ. Linn. Soc. vol. xxiii. p. 218 and seq.) enumerate nine species of the tribe as Chinese, of which four are also Japanese; and Franchet and Savatier, in their enumeration of Japanese plants, give six as natives of that Archipelago. From most of those inhabiting both countries P. subhirtella differs in its habit of flowering before leafing; in other respects it approaches nearest to P. japonica, Thunb. (Amygdalus pumila, Sims, t. 2176). ce Miquel describes a variety of P. subhirtella (oblongifolia) with oblong leaves. Of this there is an authentically named specimen in the Kew Herbarium, with leaves three inches’ long. He describes the calyx-tube of P. subhirtella as villosulous and only one-twelfth of an inch long. This Decrmper Ist, 1896. organ varies much in length, but in both the cultivated specimens and in wild ones collected by Maximowicz, it is much longer, and quite or nearly glabrous. P. subhirtella is, according to specimens in the Kew Herbarium, enumerated by Maximowicz asa native of the mountains of Nippon, and as cultivated at Nagasaki. Miquel gives three Japanese names for it, Iteo Sakura, Hisakura, and Sakako. The specimen here figured is from a small plant received at the Royal Gardens in 1895 from Professor Sargent, Director of the Arnold Arboretum, Boston, U.S.A., and which flowered in the open air in April of the present year, and was in full leaf in May. Deser.—A small tree? branches suberect. Leaves ap- pearing after the flowering, two to three inches long, ovate, acuminate or caudate-acuminate, doubly glandular- serrate, dark green above, with twelve to fourteen pairs of nerves, paler beneath, base rounded or cuneate, eglandulose ; petiole one-sixth to one-fourth of an inch long; stipules subulate, entire; scales of bud and leaves short, obtuse, pale yellow brown. Flowers in fascicles of three to five, produced before the leaves expand, white, about three- fourths of an inch broad ; outer bud-scales as of the leaf- buds, inner small, herbaceous, often irregularly three- lobed, glandular-ciliate ; pedicels usually rather longer than the calyx-tube, laxly hairy. Calyx-tube cylindric, inflated at the base, green, laxly hairy; lobes about a third shorter than the tube, ovate-oblong, subserrate, ciliolate. Petals more or less irregularly crenate or lobulate. Stamens in two series. Ovary and style glabrous.— é: Don Fig. 1, Inner floral bud-scale; 2, flower unexpanded ; 3, vertical section of calyx-tube showing stamens and ovary ; 4 and 5, anthers :—All enlarged. 7-|.00' CS 4 M.S de Se | f.S. del, J.N.Fitch ith. Vincent. Brocks, Day & Sun. LReeve & C° Landon Tan. 7509, CORIARIA sapontva. Native of Japan. Nat. Ord. Cortariza. Genus Coriartia, Linn.; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 429.) CorIARia japonica; ramis robustis acute tetragonis lenticellatis, foliis breviter petiolatis ovatis ovato-lanceolatisve acuminatis, racemis ramulis anno- tinis enatis monoicis szpissime 3-nis (unico masculo) 2-3-pollicaribus, pedunculis brevibus multibracteatis, bracteis ovatis, fl. masc. parvis, sepalis ovatis acutis petalis oblongis subtriplo longioribus, filamentis _ elongatis capillaribus, antheris lavibus, pistillodios 0, fl. fem. subglobosis, sepalis ovato-oblongis, petalis late ovatis valde imbricatis cerasinis corallinisve apicibus rotundatis ovarium superantibus, nuculis 4-+ poll. longis reticulatim 5-costatis. C. japonica, A. Gray in Mem. Am. Acad. Nat. Se. vol. vi. (1858-9) p. 383- Miquel Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. vol. iii. p. 91. (Prolus. Fi. Jap- p. 255). Franch. & Sav. Enum. Pl. Jap. vol.; p. 93. Mazim. in Mem. Acad, Se, Petersh. Ser. 3, vol. xxix, (1881) No. III. p. 9; fee ie Useful Plants of Japan (1895) p. 125. Ic. n. 487. Croton Siraki, Sieb. & Zuce. Pl. Jap. Fam. Nat. Sect. i. p. 36, n. 133, women. (ee Mawim. l.c.). Arbor foliis Rhamni, &c., Thunb. Fl. Jap. 359; pl. Obse. n. 50. Doko-utsugi, Jap. The most interesting feature of this Coriaria is the colour of the flowering and fruiting petals, which varies from cherry- to coral-red, that of all other known species being black or violet-black. Maximowicz indeed, who must have seen the plant in Japan, describes those of C. japonica as black, yielding a violet juice, and as there is no allusion to colour in Gray’s too brief diagnosis of C. japonica, or in any other of the works cited above, it may be doubted (assuming Maximowicz to be correct) whether a black or coloured fruited one should be regarded as japonica of Gray. Fortunately a good figure and descrip- tion in the little work on the “ Useful Plants of Japan” (including the poisonous!) referred to above, proves that the one here figured is known in Japan as C. japonica, for in it the fruit is represented as bright red, and described as “round, red, very pretty, but poisonous,’ Decemser Isr, 1896. and here the matter must rest for the present, with the remark, that some very old withered fruits of the Kew plant have been observed to turn black, but this is quite exceptional. The genus Coriaria, which contains six or more species, has been ably monographed by Maximowicz in the Memoirs of the St. Petersburgh Academy, where he divides it into two sections ; in one, to which all the old world species belong, the racemes are formed on the wood of the previous year, and the bracts are rounded, or ovate; in the other, containing two or more species of New Zealand and — South America, the racemes terminate in the shoots of the year, and have subulate bracts. Of the first section there are two divisions, one in which the male and female flowers are much alike, and the filaments very short, to which the European ©. myrtifolia and the Himalayan (O. nepalensis be- long ; the other with very dissimilar male and fem. flowers, and very long filaments, includes C. japonica, and the closely allied C. sinica, Maxim. The affinities of the genus, which are very obscure, Maximowicz regards as closest with Simarubex. The figure of C. japonica here given is of a specimen which flowered in Canon Ellacombe’s garden, Bitton, early in June of the present year. Another plant flowered at the same time in the Royal Gardens, which was raised from seeds collected in Japan by Professor Sargent. Its nearest ally is the Chinese C. sinica, Maxim., which has the fruiting sepals hardly imbricate, and the ripe carpels much smaller, with only three ribs; the colour of the sepals of sinica is not given. Descr.—A low branching shrub, with square stem and branches, flowering on the red-brown branches of the pre- ceding year. Leaves one to two inches long, ovate or ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, 3-nerved. Racemes springing from the opposite leaf-scars of the branches, two or three together, all female, or one male, one and a half to three inches long, erect or spreading, strict or slightly curved, very shortly peduncled, rarely solitary and terminating a leafing shoot; peduncle clothed with opposite ovate (rarely leafy) green bracts, a sixth to a quarter of an inch long. Male racemes more slender, at length drooping ; flowers shortly pedicelled. Calyx of five small ovate acute sepals. Petals much shorter than the sepals, oblong, keeled dorsally. Filaments at first very short, rapidly lengthening and capillary ; anthers linear-oblong, smooth. Fem. racemes stouter, more strict; bracts ovate, acute, green; pedicels one-sixth of an inch to one-quarter of an inch long. Flowers subglobose, bright rose or coral-red, about one-sixth of an inch in diameter. Sepals ovate, about half as long as the petals. Petals broadly ovate, longer than the ovary, strongly imbricate, tips rounded. Ripe carpels an eighth toa seventh of an inch long, subreniform, sides with five strong anastomosing ribs.—J. D. H. Fig. 1, Male flower; 2, petal; 3, fem. flower, pedicel and bract ; 4, ovary; 5, section of do., showing the ovules; 6, ripe carpel; 7, embryo ;—All enlarged. Dien allie ange ag: te a ly om Ve" LY MNT RRS AER NN bh a1. del, JN Fitch lit al ae ad - g se | § 4 S oO 64 o S o 7 ~ © LR Tas. 7510, CYPRIPEDIUM Exut. Native of Siam. Nat. Ord. OrcurpEs%.—Tribe CrpRireDics. Genus Crrrirepium, Linn.; (Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 634.) Cyrrirepium (Coriaceze) Evul; foliis 5-6 loriformibus glaberrimis laete viri- dibus, scapo elato robusto unifloro viridi cum ovario sepalisque dorso basi pole atro-rubro furfuraceo tomentellis, bractea ampla late cymbiformi erbacea glaberrima, ovario trigono rostrato, sepalis petalisque ciliolatis, sepalo dorsali amplo late oblongo apice incurvo subacuto marginibus undulatis albis, disco viridi maculis atro-rubris asperso, lateralibus in laminam amplam late oblongam pallide viridem obtusam confluentibus marginibus recurvis, petalis late loriformibus obtusis undulatis flavidis basi sanguineo maculatis, disco fascia rubra fere percurso, labello galeato levi nitido sordide flavo, columna brevi pubescente, staminodio quadrato pestice 2-lobo pubescente tlavo purpureo punctulato, disco medio umbo- nato, stigmate amplo orbiculari peltato. < C. Exal; Rolfe in Journ, of Horticult. (1892) vol. i. p. 301; in Lindenia, vol. vii. p. 81, t. 327 (var. Imschootianum) ; O’Brien in Gard. Chron. (1892) vol. i. pp. 522, 523, fig. 77; Rolfe in Arch. Rev. vol. iv. p. 271. C. insigne, var. Exul; Ridley in Gard. Chron. (1891) vol. ii. p. 94. C. Exul so closely resembles C. insigne, Wall., of the Khasia Hills (tab. 8412) that it may, I think, well be doubted whether Mr. Ridley was not right in referring it as a variety to that plant. The chief structural difference between them that I can detect, is in the form of the staminode and stigma ; the staminode in C. insigne being more obovate, narrowed and entire posticously, and its stigma is very much smaller. ‘The pubescence is the same in both, as is the great glabrous bract, and the scheme of colouring of the perianth, though differing in detail. On the other hand, (. Hzul is much the larger and handsomer plant of the two. Tonka, in the Siam Peninsula, is the native country of C. Evul, whence plants were sent to the Botanical Gardens of Singapore and described by Mr. Ridley, as cited above. The fine specimen of it here figured was obtained for the Royal Gardens, Kew, from Messrs. F. Sander & Co., St. - in 1892. It flowered in a warm Orchid House in arch. DrcemBER Ist, 1896. Descr.—Stemless. Leaves few, six to ten inches long, by one to one and a half broad, strap-shaped, tip 2-toothed, bright green, dorsally keeled. Scape a foot high and more, - stout, 1-flowered, green, clothed with a dark red purple furfuraceous pubescence, which extends to the ovary and bases dorsally of the sepals and petals. Bract nearly two inches long by three-fourths of an inch broad, cymbi- form, shortly beaked, herbaceous, green, quite glabrous. Flowers four inches broad across the petals, and nearly as much between the tips of the dorsal and combined lateral sepals; segments ciliolate. Dorsal sepal one and a half inches long, upwards of an inch broad, arched, subundu- late, white, with a pale yellow green disk spotted with red purple ; lateral sepals confluent in a broadly oblong subacute herbaceous pale green blade, with recurved margins. Petals two inches long, by three-fourths of an inch broad, loriform, obtuse, waved, yellow with three red- purple median nerves and a few spots of the same colour at the base. Lip oblong, galeate, dirty yellow, smooth and shining, inflexed margins of the mouth punctate. Column short. Staminode quadrate, 2-lobed posteriorly, pubescent, disk with a central smooth umbo; stigma broad, circular, peltate.—J. D. H. Fig. 1, Column :—Enlarged. Vincent, Brooks, Day & Son : 3 a) oJ © é fr 4 M.S del, J.N Fitch ith Tas. 7511. IRIS ALBopurPurEA. _- Native of Japan. Nat. Ord. Inmpea.—Tribe Monae. Genus Iris, Linn.; (Benth. et Hook. f, Gen. Plant. vol. 11. p. 686.) Iris (Apogon) albopurpurea; rhizomate breviter repente, foliis ensiformibus viridibus recurvatis, pedunculo tereti monocephalo foliis xquilongo, spathe valvis ovatis acutis viridibus, perianthii tubo brevi segmentis exterioribus recurvatis obovatis albis purpureo maculatis, segmentis interioribus erectis oblanceolatis albis immaculatis exterioribus paulo brevioribus, styli cristis magnis margine exteriori rotundatis integris. A few plants of this fine new Iris were imported from Japan, mixed with a quantity of I. levigata (I. Kempferi, Siebold.) ‘Tull they flowered the two species looked very like one another, but when the flowers came out this caught the eye at a glance by the outer segments being much deflexed, and the inner ones erect, whilst in lezvigata all the six spread horizontally at one level, a character very unusual in the genus Jris. Its nearest ally is J. hewa- gona, Walt. (Bot. Mag. tab. 6787), a native of the Southern United States. Both albopurpurea and levigata were in flower together in damp ground by the side of the lake in front of the Palm House in the Royal Gardens, Kew, from the middle to the end of June, by which time nearly all the other Irises had faded. Descr.— Rhizome shortly creeping. Leaves ensiform, green, not very firm in texture, two feet long, nearly an inch broad. Peduncle terete, moderately stout, one-headed, not overtopping the leaves. Flowers usually three in a. cluster, opening successively ; outer spathe-valves ovate, bright green at the flowering time, two inches long ; pedi- cels short. Perianth-tube short, cylindrical; outer seg- ments of the limb obovate, deflexed, three inches long by half as broad, white, spotted with purple; inner segments erect, pure white, lanceolate, rather shorter than the DrEcemBER Ist, 1896, outer, half an inch broad. Crests of the style-branches large, rounded, and entire on the outer edge.—J. G. Baker. Fig. 1, Front view of stamen; 2, back view of stamen; 3, crests of the style :—All enlarged, INDEX To Vol. LIT. of the Tartrp Ssrigs, or Vol. CXXILI. of the whole Work. 7506 Acantholimon venustum. 7497 Actinidia polygama. 7499 Adonis amurensis, 7477 Agave laxifolia. 7485 Akebia lobata. 7454 Alberta magna. 7498 Alocasia reversa. 7456 Asarum maximum. 7484 Aspidistra typica. 7494 Bauhinia Galpini. 7457 Begonia umbraculifera. 7461 Bifrenaria tyrianthina. 7470 Catasetum Randii (Masc.). 7496 Celmisia Munroi. 7492 Chonemorpha macrophylla. 7474 Cochlioda Noezliana, 7475 Coffea stenophylla. 7463 Comanthospace japonica. 7509 Coriaria japonica. 7502 Cycnoches Haagii. 7510 Cypripedium Exul. 7488 Cyrtanthus Huttoni. 7453 Dendrobium Hildebrandii. 7493 Leonis. 7464 Dipodium paludosum. 7481 Episcia densa. 7480 Eranthemum reticulatum. 7500 Fritillaria nobilis, 7455 Gazania pygmea. 7507 GrammatophyJlum Rumphia- num. 7478 Habenaria Elwesii. 7486 Haemaria Dawsoniana. 7505 Haworthia xiphiophylla. 7460 Hechtia argentea. 7468 Hypocyrta pulchra, 7462 Incarvillea Delavayi. 7511 Iris albopurpurea. 7499 Lathyrus undulatus, 7482 Lourya campanulata. 7476 Masdevallia corniculata, var. inflata. 7465 Massonia jasminiflora. 7469 Olyra concinna. 7472 Ostrowskia magnifica, 7501 Parrotia Jacquemontiana. 7504 Pentstemon azureus. 7479 Phajus mishmensis. 7471 Phaleria ambigua. 7483 Pilocarpus Jaborandi. 7473 Pittosporum eriocarpum. 7467 Posoqueria macropus. 7508 Prunus subhirtella. 7503 Rhododendron serpyllifolium. 7495 is Smirnovi. 7487 Sansevieria Roxburghiana, 7489 Sarcochilus hainanensis. 7458 Scutellaria formosana. 7491 Solanum cernuum. 7452 Stanhopea Haseloviana. 7459 Sternbergia macrantha. 7466. 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