ais os 


ORCHID REVIEW 


An Bilustrated Wlonthly Zournal 


DEVOTED TO ORCHIDOLOGY IN ALL ITS BRANCHES 


2 
ur 
at 


VOLUME I 


1s93 


t 
Mo. Bot. Garden. 


1894 


London 
WEST, NEWMAN. & €0O. 
54 HATTON GARDEN 


[Zhe right of reproduction is reserved | 


“It is interesting to look at one ot the magnificent exotic species, 
or, indeed, at one of our humblest forms, and observe how profoundly 
it has been modified, as compared with all ordinary flowers.” 

CHARLES DARWIN, 


4 ‘ ia ESE, 
Te ee oe ee a ee 


SS 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


VoL. I.] JANUARY, 1893. 


[No. 1. 


OUR PROGRAMME. 


THE OrcHID REviEW has been established to supply a want which we 
believe has long been felt among amateurs of Orchids, namely, a journal 
devoted to their special interests. 

The cultivation of Orchids has become a most important, and to some 
extent also, a special branch of modern horticulture. The number of people 
and the amount of capital employed directly or indirectly in it is very large. 
Already the subject has a literature of its own, though too scattered to be 
readily accessible, and anything tending to concentrate it would confer a 
real boon upon those interested in the subject. 

In this belief we have decided to establish a monthly repertorium of 
information on every important branch of Orchidology, and to present it to 
the reader in a form suitable both for present use and future reference. We 
believe there is room for such a publication, without unduly interfering with 
the scope of the existing horticultural press, and we look with confidence 
for such support as shall enable us to prosecute our labours with success. 

The following are among the subjects to which our attention will be 
specially devoted :— 

Descriptions of new species of Orchids, with which our collections are 
constantly being enriched, will be an important feature of the Review, and 
some of the more striking of these will be figured, as circumstances permit. 

Hybrid Orchids will receive due attention. The importance of recording 
the origin and parentage of the members of this ever-increasing group will 
be universally recognised, both for its own sake, and because of the light it 
throws on the occurrence of hybrids in a wild state. 

Notices of interesting collections will constantly be found in our columns, 

I 


2 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


and will doubtless prove of interest to a wide circle of readers. The rich 
Burford collection has been selected for the commencement of the series. 

Special attention will be devoted to the cultural department, for which 
seasonable articles will be contributed by experienced cultivators. A com- 
prehensive calendar of operations will be contributed by Mr. W. H. White, 
of Burford, Dorking, which should prove serviceable to all who are in any 
way engaged in the cultivation of Orchids. 


A series of historical articles is commenced in the present number by the — 


first instalment of a very interesting History of Orchid Hybridisation. 
It is intended to make the illustrations a special feature of the work. In 


order to ensure accuracy and highly finished results, they will be executed : 
and reproduced by a photographic process. Care will also be exercised in | 


their selection. 


Notes of rarities, geographical notes and sketches of Orchids at home, : 
biographical sketches, literature, and any other matters likely to prove — 


useful or interesting to Orchidists, will find a place in our pages. 


Reports of meetings and exhibitions, with doings of the month generally, — 


will also be adequately provided for. 


In short, it is intended to make the work a general repertorium of Orchid i 
lore, and by conducting it on broad and independent lines to enlist the 4 


sympathy and secure the support of all lovers of this unrivailed family. 


CATTLEYA X KRAMERIANA. 


The reappearance of this excessively rare Cattleya which we have now _ 


the pleasure to record, is a matter of considerable interest. It was originally 
described by Prof. Reichenbach (Gardeners’ Chronicle, 1882, ii. p- 323) asa 


supposed natural hybrid between Cattleya intermedia and C. Forbesii. The — 
solitary plant was introduced from Brazil by the late Franz Kramer, — 
gardener to Herr Senator Jenisch, of Kleinflottbeck, near Hamburg. And © 


now the same form has appeared with Messrs. F. Sander & Co., of St. 


Albans. Among the numerous crosses effected in this establishment was _ 
one between the two species above named, which last summer flowered for 


the first time, and proved absolutely identical with the wild hybrid. Thus 
the reputed parentage of this plant has been proved, though the experiment 
was not undertaken with this particular object in view. It is a charming 
and delicately-coloured hybrid. The sepals and petals are pallid, suffused 
with palest pink below, and with palest green above. The lip is pallid, 
suffused with pale blush, the front lobe reticulated with rosy purple on the 
disc. The characteristic markings of C. Forbesii are thoroughly represented 
in the lip. 


a 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 3 


THE HISTORY OF ORCHID HYBRIDISATION. 
PART I. 

Few subjects at the present time are of more importance, or possess a 
greater interest, than the question of Orchid hybridisation. Long ago its 
practicability as a means of originating new and distinct forms, combining 
floriferousness and brilliancy of colouring with vigour of constitution, was 
abundantly demonstrated, and at the present time experiments of one 
kind cr another are in progress in almost every collection of importance. 
Hybrid Orchids occupy a very important place in modern collections, and 
their number is now so great, and so constantly increasing, that a summary 
of the results hitherto obtained in this hee eg field will doubtless prove 
welcome to a large circle of readers. 

It was about the year 1852 that the late Mr. Dominy, acting on the 
suggestion of Mr. John Harris, a surgeon of Exeter, began to make experi- 
ments in hybridising Orchids. He is said to have commenced with the 
genus Cattleya, but the first hybrid which reached the flowering stage was 
Calanthe x Dominii, and as the results of any cross can only be judged 
when flowers are produced, it will be convenient to date our observations 
from this event. 

It was in October, 1856, that Calanthe x Dominii flowered for the first 
time, as was announced by Dr. Lindley, in the pages of the Gardeners’ 
Chronicle, in January, 1858. ‘‘On the 28th October,” he writes, ‘‘ Mr. 
James Veitch, jun., of the Exotic Nursery, Chelsea, brought to the writer 
of this memorandum a flower of a Calanthe which combined the peculiar 
hairy forked spur and deeply lobed lip of the white Calanthe furcata, with 
the violet colour and broad middle lobe of the lip of C. Masuca. One might 
have said that the flowers were just intermediate between the two. . . . It 
appears that it had been raised in the Exeter Nursery, by Mr.. Dominy, 
Messrs. Veitch’s indefatigable and very intelligent foreman, between C. 
Masuca and C. furcata. The seed was obtained in 1854 by crossing these 
two species, was immediately sown, and in two years the seedlings were in 
flower. Nor is it the least remarkable circumstance connected with this 
production that it grows and flowers freely, while C. Masuca is a ‘shy’ 
plant. We therefore propose, with much pleasure, that the name of the 
hybrid be Calanthe Dominii, in order to put upon record the name of the 
first man who succeeded in this operation. He is indeed specially entitled 
to this distinction, not only in consequence of having produced other 
Orchidaceous mules, among which we understand are Cattleyas, but 
because of his eminent success in raising such plants from seed, as a 
matter of horticultural business.” 

The event was a remarkable one in several respects, and it appears 


4 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


strange that considerably over a year should have elapsed before Lindley 
published his account of the plant. There is little doubt, however, that — 


he regarded it with mixed feelings, and it is upon record that. when Mr. 
Veitch first showed him the plant it drew from the Doctor the weighty 
remark, “‘ Why, you will drive the botanists mad!” in allusion, of course, 


to the well-known fact that in those pre-Darwinian days all hybrid pro- ‘ 
ductions were the special abomination of botanists, who were only too © 


willing to ignore their existence altogether. 


About three years later a second hybrid appeared, this time a Cattleya, . 


which was. ultimately. named Cattleya x hybrida. Five seedling plants © 
were exhibited at a meeting of the Horticultural Society in August, 1859, — 


by Messrs. Veitch, which. were noted as exceedingly interesting, and as — 
affording the first examples of well-marked and really showy new forms _ 
of Orchids produced by hybridising. The origin of this plant has been — 


variously recorded at different times. C. granulosa and C. Harrisoniz were 


first given as its parents, then C. granulosa and C. Loddigesii, and after- 
wards C. guttata and C. intermedia. The fact is these species were 
somewhat confused at this period; besides which the importance of care- 
fully recording the particulars of each cross was not fully recognised in 
these early days. The characters of the plant, however, leave little room — 


for doubt that C. guttata and C. Loddigesii were the parents. 

Cattleya x Dominiana appeared immediately afterwards, as it was ex- 
hibited at a meeting of the Horticultural Society in November of the same 
year. It was derived from C. maxima and C. intermedia, the former being 


recorded as the seed parent. It was named after Mr. Dominy, the raiser, — 


by Dr. Lindley. 


Yet another hybrid appeared in 1859, the beautiful Calanthe x Veitchii, — 
which flowered in December, and was exhibited at a meeting of the | 
Horticultural Society on the 8th of that month. It was obtained by 
crossing Calanthe rosea (then called Limatodes) with the pollen of C. , 
vestita. This is perhaps the most popular hybrid yet raised, as it is now 


largely cultivated as a most useful autumn-flowering Orchid. 


In June, 1861, a plant was exhibited under the name of Goodyera X — 
Dominii, whose parents are recorded as Goodyera discolor and Ancecto- — 
chilus Lowii. The species of this group are cultivated on account of their — 


variegated leaves, and can hardly be compared with other Orchids, but we 
may note that this appears to have been a generic cross, the botanical name 


of its two. parents being Hzmaria discolor and Dossinia marmorata, — 
respectively. It was awarded a First-class Certificate, but appears to have | 


been since lost sight of. 


In July of the following year another of these ornamental leaved Orchids | 


was exhibited, under the name of Goodyera x Veitchii. Hzemaria discolor 


was again one parent, the other being Macodes Petola, or Ancectochilus 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. ' 5 


Veitchianus, as it was then called. This was another generic cross; it was 
in cultivation in 1888, and may be so still. It also received a First-class 
Certificate. 

In July, 1863, another Cattleya flowered for the first time, namely, C. 
x Aclandi-Loddigesii, afterwards called C. x Brabantiz. It was awarded a 
Silver Banksian Medal and a First-class Certificate. Lindley remarks that 
“it was shown as Cattleya hybrida, but as the name is not sufficiently 
distinctive from other hybrid Cattleyas, it is better to apply to it the joint 
titles of its parents.’’ CC. Loddigesii was the séed parent. 

The next hybrid which flowered was called Cattleya x exoniensis, and is 
a most interesting plant. It was exhibited on September gth, 1863; but, not 
being fully developed, was only given a Second-class Certificate, though a 
year later it received the higher award. At first it was said to have been 
derived from Cattleya Mossie and Lelia purpurata, but afterwards from 
C. Mossiz and Lelia crispa. The latter record may be correct, though the 
time of flowering, both of the hybrid and of L. crispa, which was undoubtedly 
the other parent, suggest Cattleya labiata rather than C. Mossiz. At all 
events, it was a generic cross, probably the first one to flower ; for the two 
Goodyeras just mentioned were grown for their foliage, and there is no 
record of their having flowered. It is still one of the handsomest hybrids 
of the group to which it belongs. 

Immediately afterwards another generic cross flowered for the first time, 
and was exhibited on September 22nd, 1863, under the name of Cattleya x 
Devonia, which was afterwards changed to C. x devoniensis. It was said 
to have been derived from Lelia crispa and Cattleya granulosa, but was 
soon thought to be a variety of Lelia elegans, and almost lost sight of. 
The two, however, are quite distinct, and there can be little doubt that the 
present one was derived from Lelia crispa and Cattleya guttata, while L. x 
elegans is a natural hybrid between L. purpurata and C. Leopoldi. 

The next hybrid which flowered was a genuine Lelia, derived from L. 
crispa and L. Perrinii, the former being the seed parent. It was exhibited 
at a meeting of the Horticultural Society in May, 1864, as Cattleya x 
Pilcheri, the two parents then being generally called Cattleyas. It was 
afterwards described as Lelia x Pilcheri. It is said to have been raised in 
1853, and thus must have been one of Mr. Dominy’s earliest crosses. 

In May, 1865, another hybrid of the Ancectochilus group appeared. It 
was exhibited as A. x Dominii, and was awarded a First-class Certificate. 
Its parents are recorded as Goodyera discolor and Ancectochilus xanthophyllus, 
and it was said to possess much of the vigorous constitution of the former. 

Cattleya x quincolor flowered in June, 1865, and was awarded a First- 
class Certificate by the Horticultural Society. It was raised by Mr. Dominy 
between Cattleya Forbesii and C. Aclandiz. 

Cattleya x Manglesii flowered in August, 1866, which, excluding the 


6 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


three variegated-leaved ones already mentioned, made the tenth hybrid 


which had flowered in the same number of years. Its parents were at first — 


7 ipa eet mt 
\ ister geeinanlhe ais ag 


recorded as Cattleya Mossiz and C. Harrisonie, but afterwards C. Luedde- — 


manniana and C. Loddigesii. Like all the preceding, it was raised by Mr. 


Dominy, though Prof. Reichenbach, when describing it in 1880, accredited — 


it to Mr. Seden. 


The next hybrid was a very interesting generic cross, derived from the 
evergreen Phaius grandifolius and the deciduous Calanthe vestita, the 
former being the seed parent. It flowered for the first time early in 1867, — 
and was described by Reichenbach as Phaius x irroratus, the author remark- — 
ing that it was “ one of the beautiful evidences of Mr. Dominy’s unrivalled — 
talent in hybridising Orchids.’ At this time the author transferred Calanthe i 


vestita to Phaius, presumably on the strength of Mr. Dominy’s experiment. 
Two months later—in May, 1867—Reichenbach described Phaius x 
inquilinus, as one of Mr. Dominy’s seedlings, whose parents are not known. 


“No doubt,” the author remarks, “‘ Phaius vestitus is one of the parents; — 
perhaps Calanthe Masuca or versicolor the other. The flowers are cream : 


colour, the three keels of the lip yellowish-white.” Nothing more seems to 


be known about it. Phaius vestita is a Calanthe, to which genus the hybrid ~ 


clearly belongs; but as Messrs. Veitch state that C. vestita will not 


hybridise with the species of the veratrifolia group, this particular hybrid 


remains a mystery. 


It was not until 1869 that a hybrid Cypripedium appeared, when C. X 
Harrisianum flowered for the first time. It was raised from C. villosum 


fertilised with the pollen of C. barbatum, and was named by Prof. Reichen- — 
bach after Dr. Harris, of Exeter, who first gave Mr. Dominy the idea of — 
hybridising Orchids. It was described in the Gardeners’ Chronicle, and soon © 


afterwards exhibited at a meeting of the Horticultural Society. 


(To be continued.) 


ONCIDIUM SAINTLEGERIANUM. 
Some interesting information respecting this striking Oncidium is given 
by M. Vicomte de Saint Leger in the Gardeners’ Chronicle for December 3rd 
last (p. 672). Its habitat is said to be Upper Paraguay, on the frontier 


EE a ee 


of Matto Grosso, Brazil, on the mountains and tree-tops, in a district where — 
from 4° to 8° (Fahr.) of frost sometimes occurs in winter, and where the ~ 
ground is covered with water for six months of the year, while during the rest q 
of the year it is completely dry. It is said to be easy of cultivation, and — 
able to endure damp, drought, and coolness with impunity. ‘‘ The Indians — 
fire the plains to make pasturage for their animals. I was obliged to treat 


with the Indians before I could bring away the few specimens remaining, 


which unfortunately amounted only to about 3,500 in number.” We really , 


hope this latter part of the information may be taken cum grano salis. 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 7 


CYPRIPEDIUM x NIOBE. 


THE subject of our first figure is a very charming little hybrid, raised in 
the collection of Messrs. James Veitch & Sons, of Chelsea, by Mr. Seden. 
It flowered for the first time in December, 1889, on which occasion it 
received a First-class Certificate from the Royal Horticultural Society. It 
was obtained by crossing C. Spicerianum with the pollen of C. Fairieanum ; 


Fig. I. CYPRIPEDIUM X NIOBE. 


the seed was sown in 1884, and five years later the first flower appeared. 
Seedlings were subsequently raised in the collection of Howard Gaskell, 
Esq., Woolton Wood, near Liverpool, of which the parentage was lost, but 
as they have proved identical with those raised by Mr. Seden there can 
be no doubt they were obtained from the same cross. The characters of 
the two parent species are well combined in the offspring. The dorsal 
sepal has much of the shape and colour of C. Spicerianum, but veined and 
reticulated as in C. Fairieanum, though of a much lighter shade. The 
petals and lip show rather more of the character of the pollen parent, while 


8 ‘THE ORCHID REVIEW. ] 


the staminode is fairly intermediate in character. Our figure was prepared : 

from a plant which recently flowered in Messrs. Veitch’s establishment, at — 

Chelsea. © : 

‘Cypripedium x Niobe, Rolfe in Gard. Chron., 1890, i. p. 9; Wien. Ill. Gart. Zeit., 1890, | 

PP. 342, 343, fig. 69; Orch. Album, x. t. 438; Orchidophile, 1892, p. 81, with fig. 
C. X Gaskelliana, Gower in Garden, 1899, ii. p. 150. 


°y 


a 


LAELIA VIRENS. 


Certain species of Orchids never seem to become common in gardens, — 
and this interesting little Lelia must be placed among the number. It was } 
originally discovered by Gardner, on the Organ Mountains, near Rio de : 
Janeiro, in 1837, and in 1844 it flowered with Messrs. Loddiges, of Hackney. . 
Subsequently it was lost sight of, until it re-appeared in the collection of © 
Sir C. W. Strickland, Hildenley, Malton, in 1879. Then it appeared with 
E. C. Ball, Esq., Down Lodge, Fairlight, Hastings, in 1888, and recently 
with Messrs. Linden, of Brussels, and W. L. Barclay, Esq., of The Briars, 
Reigate. When out of flower it is not unlike a small L. crispa, and has — 
also been compared with Cattleya Mossiz. It is a modest little species, — 
the flowers about an inch long, and borne in racemes of about five. The — 
sepals and petals are light yellowish green, and the undulate lip white. 


Lelia virens, Lindl. Bot. Reg., xxx., Misc., p. 1; Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron., 1879, i+ P- 
716; Rolfe, /.c., 1888, i. p. 360. 


CATTLEYA LABIATA ALBA. 


The re-introduction of the old autumn-flowering Cattleya labiata is 
certainly one of the most important events of recent years, and during the — 
past autumn has brightened up many a collection. From its habit of — 
flowering during a particularly dull season it is especially valuable. 
Though very variable in colour, pure white varieties are not so common as 
we were led to expect, though more than one has been recorded. One fine 
one is in the collection of M. G. Warocqué, of Mariemont, and a very chaste 
form was exhibited at the last meeting of the Royal Horticultural Society, 
by M. Wells, Esq., of Broomfield, Sale, near Manchester. It had pure 
white flowers, with a yellow tinge in the throat, and was greatly admired. 
Another handsome form has flowered in the collection of T. R. Watt, Esq., 
The Briars, Chislehurst. It has pure white sepals and petals, but the lip — 
is little modified in colour, and the contfast renders it very effective. This 
form has been called C. labiata elegans. 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 9 


ORCHIDS OF 1892. 


THE three great events of the past year were undoubtedly the introduction 
of Cypripedium Chamberlainianum, Cattleya Victoria-Regina, and Cattleya 
Alexandre, the two former by Messrs. F. Sander and Co., of St. Albans, the 
latter by Messrs. Linden, of Brussels. 

Cypripedium Chamberlainianum is a very distinct and beautiful species 
from New Guinea, which was named in honour of the Right Hon. J. 
Chamberlain, M.P. It was awarded a First-class Certificate by the Royal 
Horticultural Society on April 12th, on which occasion it was described 
as the gem of the whole show. When the plants become properly established 
in cultivation it will doubtless prove a great acquisition. 

Cattleya Victoria-Regina, named in honour of Her Majesty the Queen, 
is also an introduction of sterling merit. It was exhibited at a meeting of 
the Royal Horticultural Society on May 3rd, on the occasion of its flowering 
for the first time in Europe, and was also awarded a First-class Certificate. 
It flowered again later in the season. A large number of plants have been 
distributed, and a general flowering may be expected during the present 
year. 

Cattleya Alexandre is a very remarkable species, differing from every 
other in the great length of the peduncles, which bear a cluster of flowers 
somewhat resembling those of C. Leopoldi in character, at the summit. It 
was named in honour of H. R. H. the Princess of Wales. Like the pre- 
ceding, it is not yet established in cultivation, though it flowered late in the 
season, both at Brussels and Kew, and gave evidence of considerable 
variability. It is very distinct and beautiful. 

Another promising introduction is the Siamese Cypripedium exul, which 
flowered for the first time in the collection of R. I. Measures, Esq., of Cam- 
berwell, and received an Award of Merit from the Royal Horticultural 
Society on April roth. It was described in the preceding autumn as a 
variety of C. insigne, from which, however, it has proved quite distinct. 

A considerable number of species introduced by Messrs. F. Sander and 
Co., of St. Albans, have been described or certificated by the Royal 
Horticultural Society during the year. Phaius Sanderianus received a First- 
class Certificate ; Oncidium Gravesianum, from Brazil, and Calanthe Sande- 
riana, from East Africa, received Awards of Merit ; and Oncidium Rolfeanum, 
from Colombia, was awarded a Botanical Certificate. Other plants described 
from the same source are: Calanthe vestita var. Fournieriana, from Borneo, 
Cattleya Batalinii, Ccoelogyne cuprea, Dendrobium chrysocepalum, D. 
O’Brienianum, D. platycaulon, Epidendrum Godseffianum, Maxillaria 
glumacea, Odontoglossum auriculatum, O. Owenianum, Oncidium Saintle- 
gerianum, Restrepia ecuadorensis, Vanda Arbuthnotiana, and Zygopetalum 
graminifolium. 


10 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


el 


Messrs. Linden, of Brussels, have introduced several striking novelties, 
of which Eulophiella Elisabethe is the most remarkable. This plant is 
described as constituting a new genus, and is figured at plate 325 of the 
Lindenia. Zygopetalum Lindeni is a handsome species of the section — 
Warscewiczella, which received a First-class Certificate from the Royal _ 
Horticultural Society on June 7th. Stauropsis Warocqueana is a fine a 
species from New Guinea, which flowered in the collection of M. Gad 
Warocqué, of Mariemont. Coryanthes macrocorys is a very distinct species, : 
differing from every other in its long and narrow, very fleshy helmet. Bulbo- i 
phyllum anceps, Cirrhopetalum Amesianum, Peristeria Lindeni, Stanhopea : 
Moliana, and Trichopilia brevis, like the preceding, have all been figured in 
the Lindenia within the year. Oncidium cristatum, with a twining raceme — 
of bright yellow flowers, has also been described from this source. 

It is not our purpose to enumerate every species individually, but before — 
passing on to the hybrids we may mention the very distinct Odontoglossum 
platycheilum, for which R. I. Measures, Esq., of Camberwell, received an — 
Award of Merit; the charming little Habenaria carnea, introduced by Mr. : 
Curtis of the Forest Department, Perak, with pale blush flowers and 
variegated leaves, which flowered at Kew, and with Messrs. James Veitch — 
and Sons, of Chelsea; the orange-coloured Disa incarnata, introduced from : 
Madagascar by Messrs. W. L. Lewis and Co., of Southgate, after having : 
been known to science for upwards of half a century; the distinct 
Cymbidium Humblotii, also from Madagascar, with flowers resembling 
those of Ccelogyne pandurata, for which C. Ingram, Esq., of Godalming, — 
received a Botanical Certificate; and Odontoglossum guttatum, which — 
flowered with G. le Doux, Esq., of East Molesey. A number of others 
were described, which chiefly come under the heading of Botanical Orchids. 

Garden hybrids are becoming more numerous every year, and those of 
1892 are fully up to the average, though no sensational hybrid has appeared. 

The pioneers of Orchid hybridisation, Messrs. James Veitch and Sons, of 
Chelsea, are as usual well to the front. Seven striking novelties received 
the award of First-class Certificate from the Royal Horticultural Society- 
These were :—Epidendrum x Endresio-Wallisii, a charming little hybrid, 
whose parentage is indicated by its name; Cypripedium x Adrastus, derived 
from C. x Leeanum $ and C. Boxallii 2; Zygopetalum x leucochilum, from 
* a Lelia x Latona, from‘Lelia cinnabarina 7 x and 
fausta f ; ‘ia aa . eu Orgies on C. Loddigesii ¢ and © 

; ya Xx Veitchii, a charming hybrid of rather complex 
elas being derived from Sophrocattleya grandiflora fertilised with the 
tii Siem nang: rats and Cypripedium x Tityus, derived 
received Awards of Merit cage — SO ae 
b Andie © 0G he ows *—Dendrobium x Euryclea, from 

° lanum 2; Phalznopsis x Artemis, from 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 1? 


P. amabilis (Blume) $ and P. rosea ¢; Cattleya x Philo and C. x Philo 
albiflora, both from C. Mossiz 2 and C. iricolor %, C. x Minucia, from 
C. Loddigesii 2 and C. labiata var. ; Selenipedium x Brysa, from S. x Sedeni 
candidulum $ and S. Boissierianum ¢ ; S. x Perseus, from S. x Sedeni por- 
phyreum $ and S. Lindleyanum ¢; Cypripedium x Ianthe, from C. x Har- 
Tisianum $ and C, venustum ¢; C. x Evenor, from C. Argus ? and C. 
bellatulum ¢; C. x Telemachus, from C. niveum 2 and C. Lawrenceanum f ; 
and C. x Arthurianum pulchellum, from C. Fairieanum ? and C. insigne 
Chantini ¢. The following five others have also appeared from this estab- 
lishment :—Dendrobium x dulce, from D. aureum $ and D. Linawianum 7; 
D. x striatum, from D. moniliforme (japonicum) ¢ and D. pulchellum 
(Dalhousieanum) ¢; D. x Adrasta, from D. Pierardii 2 and D. superbum 7; 
Cypripedium x eurylochus, from C. ciliolare 2 and C. hirsutissimum @, and 
C. x Crethus, from C. Spicerianum $ and C. Argus 7. 

From the establishment of Messrs. F. Sander and Co., of St. Albans, 
several distinct hybrids have appeared. Cattleya x Burberryana, derived 
from C. intricata 2 and C. superba g, received a First-class Certificate ; 
Lelia x Oweniana is a very pretty hybrid, derived from Lelia pumila 
Dayana ¢ and L. xanthina $; and Dendrobium x Rolfez, derived from 
D. primulinum ¢ and D. nobile @, is a very promising thing. Of 
Cypripediums may be mentioned, C. x G. S. Ball, from C. Spicerianum ? 
and C. Lawrenceanum ¢; C. x Ashworthi, from C. x plunerum ¢ and 
C. Spicerianum $; C. x Mrs. C. D. Owen, from C. x superciliare ¢ and 
C. villosum 3. Lastly come two Selenipediums, S. x Baconis, from S. x 
chlorops? and S. Schlimii ¢; and S. x Edithe, from S. x conchiferum ? 
and S. Schlimii albiflorum 2. 

From other trade firms may be mentioned:—Lelio-cattleya x clapton- 
ensis, derived from Leelio-cattleya x elegans 2 and Cattleya Dormaniana ?, 
exhibited by Messrs. Hugh Low and Co., of Clapton; Cypripedium x south- 
gatense, derived from C. bellatulum and an unknown parent, for which 
Messrs. W. L. Lewis and Co., of Southgate, received a First-class 
Certificate ; and C. x Swinburnei, derived from C. insigne Maulei ? and 
C. Argus 2, for which Messrs. Heath and Son, of Cheltenham, received an 
Award of Merit. 

The hybrids raised in private collections are very numerous, and 
comprise the following :— 

From Sir Trevor Lawrence, Burford, Dorking :—Cypripedium x Lawre- 
bel, a very handsome thing derived from C. Lawrenceanum ¢ and 
C. bellatulum 2, which received a First-class Certificate; and Masdevallia 
x Shuttryana, from M. Shuttleworthii 2 and M. Harryana @. 

From C. Ingram, Esq., Godalming :—Leelio-cattleya x Ingrami, from 
Lelia pumila Dayana ? and Cattleya Dowiana aurea $ (First-class 
Certificate); Cypripedium x gigas, from C. Lawrenceanum and C. Har- 


12 ‘THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


risianum (Award of Merit); C. x Hecla, from C. x superciliare 2 and 
C. x Swanianum 7; C. x Bijou, from C. x cenanthum ¢ and C. Lawrence- 


anum ¢; C. x The Gem, from C. marmorophyllum ? and C. insigne 
Chantini f; C. x La Nymphe, from C. x cenanthum @ and C. x Danthieri 7; 


and Selenipedium x Elsteadianum, from S. x conchiferum ? and S. xX 


grande &. 

From C. Vist, Esq., Selly Hill, Birmingham :—Cymbidium x Winni- 
anum, from C. giganteum 2 and C. eburneum 7 (First-class Certificate); 
Dendrobium x Nestor, from D. Parishii 2 and D. superbum ¢; Cypripedium 


x Edith Winn, from C. Stonei 2? and C. purpuratum ¢; C. x Cleopatra, | 
from C. Hookere 2 and C. x cenanthum 7% ; and C. x Ensign, from G.% 


Harrisianum $? and C. barbatum 7. 


From Norman C. Cookson, Esq., Oakwood, Wylam- -on-Tyne :—Leelio- — 


cattleya x Phoebe, from Cattleya Mossiz ? and Lelia cinnabarina ¢ (First- 
class Certificate) ; and Cypripedium x Bryani, from C. philippinense ? and 
C. Argus ¢ (Award of Merit). 

From Sir W. Marriott, Down House, Blandford :—Leelio-cattleya x 
Marriottiana, from Lelia flava ? and Cattleya Skinneri ? (Award of Merit). 

From G. F. Tautz, Esq., Dibdin House, Hanger Hill, Ealing :— 
Cypripedium x Cowleyanum, from C. Curtisii 2 and C. niveum @. 

From Baron Schréder, The Dell, Egham :—Cattleya Baroness Schroder, 
from Cattleya Triane and C. dolosa (First-class Certificate) ; and Leelio- 
cattleya x extmia from Lelia purpurata and Cattleya Warneri. 

From G. Hardy, Esq., Timperley, Cheshire aia Acne x Hardy- 
anum, from S. caudatum 2 and S. x Ainsworthii 7. 

From D. O. Drewett, Esq., Riding, Mill-on-Tyne :—Phaius x hybridus: 
from P. grandifolius 2? and P. Wallichii 2. 

From H. M. Pollett, Esq., Bickley, Kent :—Cypripedium x Parksianum, 
from C. Spicerianum and C. x marmorophyllum. 

From J.C. Bowring, Esq., Forest Farm, Windsor Forest ee 
x Leda, from C. x Harrisianum ? and C- venustum 7. 

From H. Graves, Esq., Orange, New Jersey, U.S.A. :—Cypripedium 
x Daisyz, from C. Lowianum 2 and C. x cenanthum superbum 7. 

From M. Jules Hye-Leyssen, of Ghent, Belgium :—Cypripedium * 
decorum, from C. x Sallieri Hyeanum and C. Lawrenceanum. 

Phalznopsis x Amphitrite is a hybrid raised from P. Sanderiana ¢ and 
P. Stuartiana f. It was described by Dr. Krinzlin, without any record 0 
the raiser. 

Dendrobium x iia -chlorops is a very interesting hybrid, which 
flowered in the collection of Major-General E. S. Berkeley, of Spetchley, 
Bitterne Park, Southampton, in February last. 
Deccan Peninsula, 
hundreds, 


It was imported from the 
India, where the two parent-species grow together in 


; 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 13 


In all probability this does not exhaust the hybrids which flowered 
for the first time during 18g2, but it includes the principal ones placed 
on record, with the exception of those exhibited at the last meeting of the 
Royal Horticultural Society on December 13th, for which see the special 
report on a later page. 


CATTLEYA, ALEXANDRE. 


Although extremely distinct from a botanical standpoint, the horticultural 
value of this Cattleya could scarcely bé judged from dried specimens, from 
which the description was prepared. They showed, however, a raceme of 
ten flowers, borne on a peduncle fifteen inches long, the latter character 
quite unique in the genus. Several plants have now flowered, and afford 
abundant indications of what this Cattleya will be when properly estab- 
lished. A flower expanded, for the first time in Europe, with Messrs. 
Linden, of Brussels, on October oth last. A fortnight later, one appeared at 
Kew, and early in November others followed, both in the collection of Saint 
Hill Pearse, Esq., Brierley Hill, Staffordshire, and with Messrs. Linden. It 
is certainly very variable. The typical form appears to have coppery-brown 
sepals and petals with a rose-purple lip; but one flower had green sepals. 
and petals with some purple-brown spots, another (var. tenebrosa) had 
these organs dark, dusky brown, while in a third (var. elegans) they were of 
a light purple-mauve, almost of the shade of Laelio-cattleya x elegans Turneri. 
The latter is a handsome form, with the side lobes of the lip larger, some- 
what reflexed at the tip, which part is of a bright crimson-purple shade. 
The long peduncles and elegantly undulated sepals and petals render it very 
distinct from C. Leopoldi, which is apparently its nearest ally. Messrs. 
Linden, of Brussels, discovered this remarkable Cattleya, and introduced a 
stock of it in the early part of 1892; but afterwards it was also obtained by 
Messrs. F. Sander & Co., of St. Albans. It is a decided acquisition, and 
will probably be sought after by the hybridist. If crossed with fine forms of 
the labiata group it would probably produce some striking results. 


CATTLEYA VICTORIA-REGINA. 


The introduction of the above Cattleya by Messrs. F. Sander & Co., of St. 
Albans, promises to be one of the events of recent years. One of the plants. 
flowered early last season, and when exhibited at a meeting of the Royal 
Horticultural Society received the award of a First-class Certificate, and was. 
universally admired. Quite recently another plant has expanded its blooms 
and confirms all its early promise. The flowers are large and handsome, 
and of an almost uniform bright rosy purple shade. A large number of 
plants have been distributed, but have not yet become established in cultiva- 
tion. Next season a more general flowering may be expected. 


=. 


— 


14 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


THE BURFORD COLLECTION. 


Wg 
~ais 


THE Burford collection of Orchids is an extremely rich and varied one, | 
and one of the most thoroughly representative in existence. It contains 
a large number of the best and showiest species, varieties, and hybrids in 
cultivation, together with many rare botanical beauties and curiosities, for 
which its: owner, Sir Trevor Lawrence, Bart., President of the Royal 
Horticultural Society, has a special predilection. There are a dozen houses" 
devoted entirely to Orchids, and the good culture everywhere observable 7 
shows the ability and intelligence which Mr. W. H. White, who succeeded — 
the late Mr. J. C. Spyers in charge of the collection, brings to bear upon 
his work. 
All the showy genera are well represented.. At the time this arti : 
was written the deciduous Calanthes were in bloom, and made a brilliant i 
display. It is interesting to note that the numerous hybrid forms now in 
cultivation have all been derived from the intercrossing of three species, 
viz., Calanthe vestita (and its varieties), C. rosea (formerly called Limatodes — 
sinks and C. labrosa, the latter extremely rare in cultivation, though 
represented here. Several handsome forms have been raised in the 
collection. C. x porphyrea, one of the most distinct of them, was obtained — 
by crossing C. labrosa with the pollen of C. vestita rubro-oculata. Of C. x — : 
sanguinaria, the darkest and richest coloured of the group, the parentage — 
has unfortunately been lost, also of C. x versicolor, a handsome form, with — 
large white flowers, and a rose-coloured eye, to which the Royal Horti- : 
cultural Society gave an Award of Merit in December, 1891. C. x Veitchil 
and its variety lactea, C. x Sedeni, C. x bella, and others are represented _ d 
by numerous examples, while the variable C. vestita Regnieri, just coming — 
into bloom, helps greatly to prolong the Calanthe season, as it continues” 1 
flowering until the end of March. 
Cypripediums are represented by most of the cultivated species and the — 
best of the hybrids, the inferior ones not being admitted to the collection — 
C. Stonei var. platytenium is the rarest and most valuable of all, a _ 
the plants in existence are all subdivisions of one original piece. But 
C. x Morganiz burfordiense, is its equal in point of beauty. The seed 
was obtained by hybridising a good form of C. superbiens with the 
pollen of C. Stonei, and was sown by the late Mr. J. C. Spyers, when — 
Orchid grower to Sir Trevor Lawrence, in the month of July, 1881. The 
young seedlings did not make much progress for several years, and it was 
not until July, 1889, that the first flowers appeared. his excellent variety 
of C. Morganiz was exhibited at a meeting of the Royal Horticultural © 
Society last November, when it was unanimously awarded a First-class — 
Certificate by the Orchid committee, and greatly admired by all present. 
C. Fairieanum, a rare and lovely little species, is represented here by twa 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 15 


small but healthy plants. A flower opened towards the end of August and 
lasted until the middle of November, it would no doubt have remained 
longer had it not been fertilised. It is remarkable that the flower should 
remain fresh for so long a time on so small a plant. This species has 
proved very useful for hybridisation purposes, as several beautiful hybrids 
have been obtained from it, viz.,C. x Arthurianum, C. x Niobe,andC. x H. 
Ballantine, raised by Mr. Seden for Messrs. Veitch, also the pretty C. x 
Juno raised by Mr. D. O. Drewitt. 

That new and beautiful species, C. Rothschildianum, has proved itself, 
when once established, a strong, free grower, and very floriferous. It will 
doubtless prove of great use to hybridists, in supplying them with a remark- 
ably distinct species upon which to work. There are here several strong 
plants bearing good plump capsules. All seedlings obtained from this 
source will be watched with the greatest interest. A few have already 
appeared here, and will be put into small pots as soon as possible. C. 
Lawrenceanum is the pollen parent. 

Another remarkable species is C. prestans, not often seen in flower. It 
is a very slow grower, taking from eighteen months to two years to complete 
a flowering growth. 

Cypripedium bellatulum, C. Godefroyz, C. niveum, and C. concolor are 
generally considered ‘“ miffy’’ growers. Here the plants succeed well, 
placed near the glass in the south-west corner of the East Indian house. 
They have been tried in several houses and in different positions, and they 
now grow well, bloom freely, and seem quite at home. Several pretty and 
distinct hybrids have been raised from these species. The beautiful C. x 
Lawrebel was obtained by crossing C. Lawrenceanum with the pollen of C. 
bellatulum. It was exhibited at a meeting of the Royal Horticultural 
Society during the past year and awarded a First-class Certificate. The 
first flower of this variety resembled the pollen rather than the seed parent, 
but since then another plant has bloomed with opposed characteristics. 
Several other plants are now showing flower, and the result is awaited with 
some curiosity. 

Yet another, which may reasonably be expected to be a fine hybrid, is C. 
concolor, crossed with the pollen of C. Lawrenceanum. Its flowers are 
nearly open. In habit it resembles C. concolor, but the foliage is longer, 
broader, and more mottled. It should prove equal or superior to the beauti- 
ful C. x tesselatum porphyreum, which was derived from C. concolor and C. 
barbatum 7. 

Two other special crosses are C. niveum crossed with C. x vexillarium, 
and C. concolor with C. Stonei platytenium. Unfortunately, only one plant 
has been obtained of this latter, but it is strong and in the best of health, 
though of rather slow growth. 

At the time of writing there is a fine show of C. x Leeanum and its 


so st 


ia 
7 lat ca 


16 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


varieties superbum and giganteum. Of the many plants in flower scarea ' 
two are alike. 
The beautiful and floriferous Selenipediums are favourites here. The 
rare S. x Saundersianum is pushing up a flower spike with two buds. It was 
raised by crossing S. caudatum and S. Schlimii, by Mr. Wm. Marshall, of — 
Enfield, and dedicated to the late Mr. W. Wilson Saunders, “the Macenas — 
of horticulture of his time,” and for many years treasurer of the Royal 
Horticultural Society. What a pretty and delicate flower is S. x leucor- 
rhodum! A plant here has three strong spikes with several blooms open. 
This variety, with S. x Schréderz, S. x cardinale, and S. x calurum, are 
among the best of the genus. : 
Next we come to the Dendrobiums, one of the most beautiful genera of © 
the Orchid family, and of which there is a good representative collection. 
Amongst rare forms we may mention:—D. lituiflorum candidum, a most : 
beautiful and distinct variety, the flowers pure white with a pale yellow disc’ 
to the lip; D. Parishii albens, with nearly white flowers, also very rare; D. 
Devonianum candidulum, represented by two healthy plants, has white 
flowers, with two orange-yellow blotches on the disc of the lip; and D. 
superbum Burkei, one of the most beautiful of white Dendrobiums, with the 
disc of the lip light purple. D. Harveyanum is a pretty and very remark-— 
able species, allied to D. Brymerianum, but with smaller flowers, and the 
petals fimbriated like the lip. 
Many superb varieties of Dendrobium nobile are grown, as nobilius @ 4 
splendid specimen with about thirty bulbs, nearly three feet in length), 
elegans, Tautzianum, albiflorum, intermedium, etc., also the remarkable 
sports from nobile—Cooksonianum, Tollianum, and the Burford variety, 
which has the inner halves of the lateral sepals marked with deep amethyst 
purple, like the lip. ' 
By the time this is in print a number of seedling Dendrobiums raised 
at Burford will be in flower. One of the most remarkable results yet 
chronicled in the genus was obtained here, by crossing D. x Ainsworthii — 
with the pollen of D. Findlayanum, and vice versd. The seedlings began to 
flower in 1877. The first had a purple disc, and was named by the late _ 
Prof. Reichenbach, D. x melanodiscus, but the second had a deep yellow 
disc, and was called D. x chrysodiscus. Others from the same batch have. 
been called D. x Juno, D. x Luna, etc. So different are the forms that 00 _ 
one would ever suspect them to have the same parentage. { 
Other pretty and interesting hybrids, raised by crossing D. Linawianum 
with the pollen of D. Wardianum, were named, by the same author, D. X _ 
chlorostele and D. x chlorostele xanthocentrum. 
Another hybrid raised here by crossing D. Kingianum with the pollen of 
D. speciosum flowered for the first time in the spring of last year. It is 
quite distinct, but its merits cannot be judged until the plant becomes : 
stronger. 


MES 


i 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 17 


The richly coloured D. x rhodostoma is a very free grower, and exceed- 
ingly floriferous. There are several plants grown, and may nearly always 
be seen in bloom. 

Of crosses expected to flower during the present season we may note— 
D. aureum crossed with D. Linawianum, and vice versé ; D. nobile nobilius 
with D. aureum, and D. nobile nobilius with D. x splendidissimum grandi- 
florum; while in succession come D. nobile elegans crossed with D. 
Wardianum, D. nobile with D. signatum, and D. x splendidissimum 
grandiflorum with D. Wardianum. 

There is yet a large field open to the hybridist in this genus, and at the 
present time we observe a number of plump capsules on the plants, awaiting 
the sun to ripen them. For many years past frequent attempts have been 
made to obtain seed from such species as D. moschatum, D. Calceolus, D. 
fimbriatum and its variety oculatum, D. clavatum, D. chrysotoxum, etc., 
but without success. Last year over a hundred flowers of D. fimbriatum 
alone were hybridised, but not a single seed-pod was obtained. 

Cattleyas and Lelias are extensively cultivated, and many rare and 
choice kinds are to be found, as Cattleya intermedia Parthenia (pure white), 
C. Mossiz Reineckiana and C. M. Wageneri, C. Skinneri alba, C. x calum- 
mata, C. x Harrisii, C. x Marstersoniz, C. x porphyrophlebia, Lelia Perrinii 
alba, L. x Pallas, and of hybrids between the two genera, now placed under 
Lelio-cattleya x, we note L. x Amesiana, L. x Arnoldiana, L. x callisto- 
glossa, L. x Canhamiana, L. x exoniensis, L. x fausta delicata, L. x 
Mardelli, L. x Schilleriana euspatha, and L. x Veitchiana. 

The new Cattleya Victoria-Regina is pushing its flower-buds, which by 
the time this is in print will be open. Cattleya Trianz, too, is pushing 
many flowering sheaths, and will in all probability soon make a fine display 
of bloom. Such varieties as Leeana, Osmani, and Backhousiana are well 
known; but one variety of Belgian origin, named ‘ Reine des Belges,” is 
considered by Sir Trevor Lawrence to be the finest he has yet seen. 

In the largest Cattleya house is a small batch of healthy Cattleya 
seedlings, the best crosses being C. Schilleriana x Triane, C. Dormaniana 
x luteola, C. Warscewiczii x Mossiz, C. Mossie x Lawrenceana, C. War- 
scewiczii x Lelia purpurata Brysiana, L. purpurata x Cattleya Mossie, 
and L. xanthina x C. Dowiana. 

Three houses are filled with Odontoglossums and other’ cool-growing 
Orchids, but it would require too much space to refer to them in detail. A 
few of the choicer kinds, however, may be mentioned, as Odontoglossum x 
prionopetalum, several handsome varieties of O. x excellens, O. x Wilckea- 
num, O. x Andersonianum, and many richly spotted forms of O. crispum. 
Also the rare O. nevadense, O. bictoniense album, O. Cervantesii decorum, 
O. Krameri, O. madrense, O. nevium, O. see also several nice plants 
of Miltonia Schroederiana. 

2 


q 

: 
18 THE ORCHID REVIEW. ’ 
Hanging close to the roof-glass are half-a-dozen Odontoglossum seedling 
growing freely. They were found on a plant bought from Mr. Buchan’s 
collection at Southampton, but unfortunately their parentage is unknown, 
In the same house are several large specimen Maxillarias, as the ran 
. M. fucata (Rchb. f.), M. grandiflora, M. picta, M. lepidota, M. Hubschii, the 
distinct M. Sanderiana, and others. : 
Masdevallias are a speciality at Burford, one lean-to house, about forty 
feet long, being almost entirely devoted to them. It contains all the 
best and rarest forms obtainable, viz., M. muscosa, a very remarkable 
species, owing to its mossy peduncles and sensitive lip; M. cucullata, M 
Rolfeana, M. astuta, M. x Fraseri, M. x Gairiana, M. x splendida, ete. 
while of the M. coccinea group there are many brilliant forms. M. tovarensi 
is an extremely pretty species, its pure white flowers being valuable at this” 
season of the year, both for cutting and decorative 


purposes. Plants of th 
M. Chimera group are also extensively cultivated. 


In the Mexican house, Lelia anceps and its varieties promise to make a 
fine show, most of the white and rose-coloured varieties being represented: 4 
In the same house are fine specimens of Vanda teres and its variety alba, 
which make strong growths and bloom freely each year, producing as many 
as six to nine flowers on each spike. A large specimen of Schomburghi ' 
Lyonsii is also sending up a strong flower spike. It has never flowered it 


this collection before. A fine plant of Schomburgkia Tibicinus is also 
showing a strong flower spike. 


In one of the hottest houses stands the giant Grammatophyllum speci: 
sum, with strong stout growths, measuring upwards of six and a half fect 
length, and eight inches in circumference. Every effort has been made | 
induce this plant to flower, but hitherto without success. It flowered with 
Messrs. Loddiges, of Hackney, in 1851, and in the collection of W- Ge 
Farmer, Esq., of Nonsuch Park, Ewell, Surrey, in 1859. The latter plant 
had stems from nine to ten feet high, the flowe 4 
and the expanded flowers nearly six inches across, thickly spotted with rede 
brown spots on a yellow ground. | 

Another giant Orchid here is R P| 
dozen growths, from seven to eight feet long. This plant was imported 


from China in 1815. It ultimately passed into the hands of Mr. Morse, 
Epsom, who had known it for u : 


in this collection about fifteen y 


Sobralia Cattleya is another ve 
been tried 


r-stems were six feet longs 


enanthera coccinea, with about twa 


ee 
= 
é 
a 
= 
oh 
+ 
i 
et 
oO 
~ 
m 
a 
ry) 
i= | 
jor 
=: 
is 
~ 
77) 
=] 
° 
= 


nine feet in length. In June, 18g, thé 
: air in full sunshine, and remained there 
night and day until the middle of September, when it was taken into a cold 
peach-house at night. ‘4 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 19 


Other Sobralias grown here are—S. macrantha, a noble specimen, with 
about one hundred strong growths; S. xantholeuca, S. albo-violacea, 
S. virginalis, S. chlorantha, S. Warscewiczii, S. Fenzliana, etc. 

One of the best winter-flowering Orchids is Coelogyne cristata and its 
varieties, of which there are fine specimens here, two plants of the variety 
hololeuca having from fifty to eighty flowering growths. Many rare 
Ccelogynes are also included in the collection, of which C. Foerstermanii, 
C. Cumingii, and C. graminifolia may be mentioned. 

No mention has been made of the numerous species of Angzecum, 
Phaius, Catasetum, Mormodes, Cycnoches (including the unique plant of 
C. versicolor), Cymbidium, Zygopetalum, Ansellia, Vanda, Aérides, Onci- 
dium, etc., etc.; nor of the neglected genera Bulbophyllum, Cirrhopetalum, 
and Pleurothallis, in which the owner takes great interest; nor yet of many 
other curiosities more or less unique, such, for example, as Dendrobium 
Hughii, and the grass-green but lovely D. O’Brienianum. It is in the 
endless variety of habit, mode of growth, and structure of flower; in the 
quaint distinctiveness and never-ending surprises, that the charm of a varied 
collection of orchids lies. An educated horticultural taste will weary of the 
gorgeous Cattleya, lovely as it is, and find rest and satisfaction in beauty 
more modest and refined. Both elements, however, are well represented 
in the Burford collection, in which the most exacting taste could scarcely 
fail to find something of interest throughout the year. 


DENDROBIUM AMBLYORNIDIS AND THE 
GARDENER-BIRD. 


DENDROBIUM AMBLYORNIDIS was described as long ago as 1878 (Rchb. f. 
in Gardeners’ Chronicle, 1878, i. p. 332), yet nothing more seems to be known 
about it at the present time. It is a native of New Guinea, and was 
found on Mount Arfak by the enterprising traveller Signor Beccari. 
Though not a particularly pretty Orchid, it seems to be a very useful 
one, at all events its stems are said to be exclusively used by one of the 
Birds of Paradise (Amblyornis inornata), of about the size of a turtle-dove, 
for the construction of its very curious nest. The plant is described as 
bushy in habit, with strong, thin branches, lanceolate leaves, and small, 
insignificant flowers. 

Signor Beccari has given a very interesting account of his discovery of 
the nest, from which it would appear that the bird is not only a gardener, 
but an Orchidist, too, in its own way, and therefore should enlist the 
sympathy of our readers. Beccari was on a projecting spur of Mount 
Arfak, at about 4,800 feet elevation. The virgin forest was very beautiful, 


20 | THE ORCHID REVIEW. 4 
though scarcely a ray of sunshine penetrated the branches, and the ground 
was almost destitute of vegetation. Suddenly he came upon a most 
remarkable specimen of the industry of an animal, which he describes as 
“a hut or bower close to a small meadow enamelled with flowers.” The 
structure is described as about two feet high and three feet in diameter, — 
conical in shape, and with an opening on the side. “ All the stems used ‘ 
by the Amblyornis are the thin stems of an Orchid (Dendrobium), am 
epiphyte forming large tufts on the mossy branches of great trees, easily 
bent like straw, and generally about twenty inches long. The stalks had ) 
the leaves, which are small and straight, still fresh and living on them, — 
which leads me to conclude that this plant was selected by the bird to — 
prevent rotting and mould in the building, since it keeps alive fora long 
time, as is so often the case with epiphytical Orchids.” 

“ Before the cottage there is a meadow of moss. This is brought to the 
spot and kept free from grass, stones, or anything that would offend the — 
eye. Onthis green tuft, flowers and fruit of pretty colour are placed so 
as to form an elegant little garden. The greater part of the decoration 
is collected round the entrance to the nest, and it would appear that the — 
husband offers there his daily gifts to his wife. The objects are very 
various, but always of vivid colour. There were some fruits of a Garcinia, 
like a small-sized apple. Others were the fruits of Gardenias of a deep 
yellow colour in the interior. I saw also small rosy fruits, probably of a 
Scitamineous plant, and beautiful rosy flowers of a splendid new Vaccinium. 
There were also fungi and mottled insects placed on the turf. As soon asf 
the objects are faded they are moved to the back of the hut.” 

One of the native names of the bird is said to be “ Tukan Robon,” which 
means a gardener. It is also called ‘ Buruk Gurea,” or master-bird, from 
its power of imitating the notes of other birds. It would appear to bea 
very clever bird, and, as Beccari remarks, ‘“* The passion for flowers and 
gardens is a sign of good taste and refinement,” though it seems to have 
become an Orchidist from utilitarian motives. 


27 SG aes ae 


ot igen as 


It is perhaps not surprising 
to learn that ‘‘ the Papuans take ee care never to disturb these nests or 
bowers, even if they are in their way.” The plant seems to be in no danger 
of extermination by collectors, but if of no value from a decorative stand- 
point one would at least like to see so interesting an Orchid. 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 21 


THE HYBRIDIST. 


UNDER this heading we propose to record briefly the characters and 
parentage of the numerous hybrids of artificial origin which are constantly 
appearing in gardens. The utility of such a record will be readily apparent, 
on account of the rapid progress made in this particular branch of horti- 
culture. To the industry, patience, and skill of the hybridist our gardens 
are indebted for many of their choicest treasures, and what the future may 
produce it would be rash to predict. Botanical science has also been 
benefited to an extent which few of her devotees are willing to admit, for 
the hybridist has settled once and for all. the true status of a number of 
plants which formerly was the subject of considerable doubt. We allude 
to such plants as _ Phalznopsis x intermedia, Cattleya x Krameriana, 
Masdevallia x Parlatoreana, Odontoglossum x Wilckeanum, O. x excellens, 
and others, which exist in a wild state, yet have no claim to the rank of 
species, but are more than simply varieties. In short, it has been 
demonstrated that Nature has forestalled the work of the hybridist. in 
numerous instances. We now know that he only does what Nature has 
been carrying on for ages. But the winged tribes, whose labours our 
Dominys and Sedens seek to emulate, carry on their work under very 
different conditions. They have no such wealth of materials to select from, 
as the parent species often grow far apart, though, where circumstances 
are favourable, they sometimes carry on the work ona grand scale. Above 
all, they keep no records. It is, however, beyond question that a consider- 
able number of hybrids exist in a wild state, and the light which the 
labours of the hybridist has thrown on this difficult subject has been of 
the greatest service in establishing this point. So that, whether from the 
norticultural or the botanical standpoint, the work of the hybridist merits 
the fullest recognition. 


L2#LIO-CATTLEYA X BRYMERIANA. 


This very handsome hybrid was raised in the collection of W. E. Brymer, 
Esq., M.P., of Islington House, Dorchester (gr. Mr. J. Powell), and 
flowered for the first time in August last. Its parentage is rather complex, 
as the mother plant is itself a hybrid. It was obtained by crossing Lezlio- 
cattleya x amanda (a natural hybrid between Cattleya intermedia and 
Lelia Boothiana) with, the pollen of Cattleya Warscewiczii (known in 
gardens as C. gigas). It is quite intermediate in character, as some of the 
pseudobulbs have one leaf and others two, and a similar combination of 
the characters of the two species may also be seen in the flower. It may 
be described as a greatly enlarged edition of the mother plant, as it has 
the general shape of this parent, but considerably brighter colour. The 


M 


lip is obscurely three-lobed, and considerably narrower in front than 
behind, not parallel-sided, as in the Cattleya parent. The sepals and — 
petals are light rosy purple, and the lip considerably darker, but without — 
the yellow blotches of the pollen plant. It is a bold and very handsome 
hybrid, and a decided acquisition, 


22 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


MASDEVALLIA X MCVITTIZ. 


This is a pretty little hybrid, raised in the collection of W. Thompson, ) 
Esq., Walton Grange, Stone (gr. Mr. W. Stevens), it is said between 
Masdevallia tovarensis 2 and M. Veitchii ¢, to which an Award of Merit 
was given by the Royal Horticultural Society at its meeting on December : 
13th last. The plant was a strong one, with several leaves and a two- 
flowered scape about nine inches high. The flower is about intermediate 
in shape, and delicate light purple in colour with a white tube. In the — 
leaf, this plant bears a considerable resemblance to M. tovarensis, the q 
seed parent; but the shape of the flower and the colour are both greatly 
modified. There is no trace of the beautiful violet hairs so characteristic — 
of M. Veitchiana, and the shape and colour of the flower would suggest some 
form of M. coccinea (i.e, M. Lindeni or M. Harryana) as the pollen parent. — 
It was raised some twelve or fourteen years ago, and has now flowered 
for the first time. It is named after a married daughter of Mr. Thompson. 
It bears a considerable resemblance to M. x Measuresiana (Rolfe in 
Gardeners’ Chronicle, 18g0, ii. p- 379), derived from M. tovarensis and 
M. amabilis. The one other hybrid derived from M. tovarensis is M. X_ 
Hincksiana (Rchb. f. in Gardeners’ Chronicle, 1887, ii. p. 214), which had 
M. ignea for the pollen parent. ; 


CYMBIDIUM x WINNIANUM. 
This hybrid Cymbidium, the second one raised, is a decided acquisition. 
It originated in the collection of Charles Winn, Esq., Selly Hill, Bit 
mingham, from C. giganteum 2 and C. eburneum ¢. A plant, with five 
flower-spikes, was exhibited by Messrs. F. Sander & Co., of St. Albans, — 
at a meeting of the Royal Horticultural Society on November 1st last, 
and was awarded a First-class Certificate. , 
able resemblance to C. giganteum, but the sh 
modified, and the colour of the sepals and petals pale greenish yellow, — 
or nearly straw-coloured. The first hybrid Cymbidium, C. x eburneo- — 
Lowianum (Gardeners’ Chronicle, 1889, i. p. 363), was raised by Mr. 


Seden, from C. Lowianum @ and C. eburneum g. It has larger, differently 
coloured flowers. PS 


The plant bears a consider: 
ape of the flower is somewhat — 


oN 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 23 


CYPRIPEDIUM X EDWARDII. 


The hybrids derived from Cypripedium Fairieanum are a charming little 
group; perhaps no other species has yielded such uniformly good results. 
C. barbatum, C. callosum, C. insigne, C. purpuratum, and C. Spicerianum, 
have already been crossed with it, and now C. superbiens must be added 
to the list. This latest combination has been effected in the collection of 
H. Graves, Esq., of Orange, New Jersey, U.S.A., and has been dedicated 
to that gentleman’s eldest son. According to Mr. Grey, the gardener, 
C. Fairieanum was, as usual, the pollen parent. The hybrid is quite 
intermediate in character, both in shape and colour. The leaves are 


Fig. 2. CYPRIPEDIUM X EDWARDI. 


faintly tessellated ; the dorsal sepal white, tinted with green at base and 
with vinous purple near the margin, and lined and somewhat reticulated 
with green, some of the lines being specked with brown. The drooping 
undulate petals are translucent in colour, with pale green nerves, and a 
vinous tint near the margin, which, together with the base, is thickly 
dotted with vinous purple. The lip is shaded with brown in front, paler 
behind, reticulated with dark green, and dotted inside with vinous purple. 
The staminode is large, and reticulated with deep green. It flowered in 
September last, when the photograph here reproduced was made. 


24 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 
ae 

CALENDAR OF OPERATIONS FOR JANUARY. 
By W. H. WHITE, Burford, Dorking. i 


43 
HAVING undertaken to write the Calendar of Operations for the ORcHID- 
REviIEWw, I will endeavour to state the methods which I have found by 
experience to lead to success in the cultivation of this beautiful and. 
interesting class of plants. It must be remembered that I write chiefly for 
beginners and amateurs, though it is hoped that more experienced culti- : 
vators may be able to pick up useful hints in a subject in which so much yet 
remains to be learnt. Our knowledge of Orchid cultivation has improved 
considerably during the last ten or fifteen years; yet in large and varied 
collections there are always some plants which do not grow satisfactorily, 
and not always from want of care or perseverance on the part of 4 
cultivator. The only way to success is by careful observation and intellige 
efforts to discover the cause of failure. 
It is not absolutely necessary to have a separate division for each section 
of Orchids. The only structures really necessary are the East Indian, of 
hottest house ; Cattleya, or intermediate house; the Mexican house; and 
the cool, or Odontoglossum house. Their respective temperatures by night for 
this and the next three months should be as follows :—East Indian, 60°—65% 
Cattleya, 55°—60°; Mexican, about 55°; cool house, 45°—50°, though when 
the weather is severe a few degrees less will he beneficial. By day, with 
sun heat, it matters little how much the rise of temperature may be, pro: 
vided there is sufficient air and moisture to balance it. At the same time, 
the hot-water pipes should not be allowed to become too warm. Imme 
diately the sun makes its appearance, if it is likely to continue to shine, the ‘ 
furnace-doors should be opened wide, and the dampers shut close, which | 
not only saves fuel, but will prevent the plants from being baked. If the 
temperatures be low the first thing in the morning, no watering or damp- 
ing-down should be done until the thermometer indicates the required 
temperature. At night, when extra firing is required, it should be the rule 
to sprinkle the paths in the hottest houses, the cooler divisions being com 
paratively dry. 


As regards watering, it is not necessary to examine all plants every day, 
but only those that are on blocks or in very shallow pans. Here the plants 
are looked over at least once a week in winter, twice in summer, and, te 
those that require it, a thorough soaking is given. Of course there are 
exceptions to this rule. Ifa plant is found in the interval to require wate 
it ought to be supplied at once. It is very essential that all Orchid house* 
should be well ventilated, both at top and bottom, as no doubt the majority 
of Orchids delight in fresh air when admitted with discretion. : 

The best material for potting is good bracken root fibre and cleat 


ae 


sphagnum moss, though some few terrestrial Orchids require fibrous loa 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 25 


to grow in. In Belgium and other places on the Continent, the root-fibre of 
Polypodium vulgare is largely used, and I believe with every success. Here 
it has been tried on such plants as Cattleyas and Odontoglossums; the 
Cattleyas have certainly improved, but in the case of the Odontoglossums, 
no improvement on our English fern-root peat has been observed. In men- 
tioning this, I do not recommend any one to use Polypodium fibre, except 
as an experiment, until its value has been more thoroughly tested. 

The East Indian house will contain such heat-loving species as Aérides, 
Saccolabiums, Phalznopsis, Dendrobiums that are now making their 
growth, such Vandas as Lowii, Sanderiana, and Denisoniana, the Angre- 
sums, also many species of Cypripedium, as Stonei, bellatulum, niveum, 
concolor, Rothschildianum, Lawrenceanum, etc. I often wonder, when 
looking round various Orchid collections, why the beautiful genus Aérides is’ 
not more generally cultivated. Rarely do I see any large quantity of these 
plants with their foliage down to the top of the pot. More often I see them 
with bare stems, a foot or more in length, with five or six pairs of leaves at 
the top, and the cause of this is probably due to over-flowering, irregular 
temperature, and being kept too dry during the resting season, both at the 
root and in the atmosphere. Where the proper treatment is given, their 
cultivation is comparatively easy. The following varieties should be grown 
in this house :—A. affine, Houlletianum, Lobbii, odoratum, Savageanum, 
suavissimum, Larpenta, crispum, Fieldingii, Lawrencez, and its yellow- 
tinted variety, Sanderianum; while maculosum and its variety, Schrédere, 
both grow and root freely in a shady corner of the Cattleya house. 

From now until the end of February is a good time to re-pot or top- 
dress any of these plants that require it. The ordinary flower-pot is 
preferable for Aérides, etc., to baskets, the plants being more easily managed 
and the roots less disturbed than when wooden baskets are used. When 
re-potting, pick out all the old decayed moss; and if any roots are clinging 
to the sides of the pot, carefully ease them from it by using a sharp, thin 
penknife. See that the pots and crocks are perfectly clean before using 
them. Place the plant in the centre of the pot; put a few large crocks at 
the bottom, after which replace the roots; and in so doing work in among 
them clean picked sphagnum moss and crocks—about one-half of each—fill 
up to within half an inch of the rim, pressing it down moderately firm, and 
finish off with good living sphagnum. Any of the large fleshy aerial roots 
that are long enough may be carefully pegged down on the surface, and in 
time these will root into the moss. The more roots enticed down in this 
way the better, as the plants grow more vigorously and retain their bottom 
leaves for a much longer period than when the roots are rambling about in 
the air. After re-potting, the plants require no water for two or three days, 
after which give them a thorough soaking. The moss on the surface will 
.soon become dry again, when it should be sprinkled over with a fine rose 


ee THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


watering-can ; keep the sphagnum growing in this way until the plant has 
re-established itself again, when more water may be given. If the plants 
are not strong, or well rooted, remove their flower-spikes for one season, and 
give them a generous growing treatment throughout the year. All newly- 
imported Aérides should be potted in crocks only, keeping the stems and 
lower leaves well syringed to prevent undue shrivelling. As soon as new 
roots appear, pot as previously advised. 

In the Cattleya, or intermediate, house are principally grown Cattleyas, 
Lelias, Epidendrums, Coelogynes, Miltonias, Sobralias, Cymbidiums, Vanda 
tricolor, and V. suaris; also the cooler growing Cypripedium x Leeanum, 
C.x Harrisianum, C. insigne, and Selenipedium Schlimii. Cattleyas are, 
practically speaking, at rest in January, though C. Trianz and its many 
beautiful forms will now be coming into bloom. They will, therefore, 
require more water at the root to fully develop their flowers. Ccelogyne 
cristata and its varieties will also be flowering. They should receive a good 
watering of liquid cow-manure before the spikes open, to help them through 
their flowering period. When in bloom, very little, or no water must be 
given, as if kept too moist their flowers quickly become spotted. 


Vanda tricolor and V. suavis should be placed at the coolest end of this 


house. Keep the atmosphere around them constantly moist, and give the 
plants a moderate supply of water at the root,’as if kept too dry their leaves 
will shrivel, turn yellow, and fall off. They delight in an abundance of 
fresh air, therefore the ventilators nearest to them should never be entirely 
closed. The best time to re-pot them is about November, and in precisely 
the same way as advised for Aérides. Masdevallias of the Chimera section 
do best in teak baskets, hung close to the roof-glass in this house during the 
cold winter months. They require plenty of water at the root always, and 
-on bright sunny days may be taken down and well syringed with tepid rain- 
water, which not only cleanses the foliage from insects, but helps to ward 
off the much-dreaded black spot. 

The Mexican house will contain such plants as Lelia anceps and its 
many pretty varieties ; also L. autumnalis, L. majalis, L. albida, etc. After 
these plants have done blooming, no time should be lost in supplying them 
with fresh material to root in. Use shallow, well-drained pans or baskets, 
keep the plants well elevated above the rim, and pot firmly with the best 
fibrous peat and moss, using a few large pieces of crock with it, so as to 
allow the water to pass freely through. After re-potting, only enough water 
should be given to prevent them from shrivelling, or the young roots from 
-damping off, as they are very liable to do if too much water is used before 
the plants are re-established. Keep the temperature cool, and on the dry 
side, until the new growths appear, when both may be gradually increased. 

In the cool house, the principal work at this time of the year is watering, 
and thoroughly overlooking and cleansing the plants from all insect pests. 


= 


ag Alene + are 


Sap 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 27 


Where many thrips and green-fly abound, it is a good plan to choose a fine 
morning, and dip the plants into some safe insecticide. It is rather difficult 
to advise as to which is the best, so many preparations being now made. 
For many years past I have used nicotine soap for this purpose, and have 
always found it safe and effectual, mixing it according to directions given 
with it. 


ORCHID PORTRAITS. 


Portraits of the following Orchids have recently appeared in the under- 
mentioned works. 
BOTANICAL MAGAZINE. 

Two Orchids appear in the December number of this work, viz. :— 

MicrostyLis Scotru, Hook. f., a species with elegantly variegated 
leaves, and dense spikes of dull purple flowers with a greenish-yellow lip; 
t.. 7268, 

AGANISIA IONOPTERA, Nicholson, a pretty little species, named in 
allusion to its violet petals; t. 7270. 


LINDENIA, 

The December number of this work contains the following :— 

CATTLEYA X HarpDyANA, Rchb. f., var. GARDENIANA, Hort., a form of 
this very variable natural hybrid in which the colour of C. Warscewiczii 
predominates over that of the other parent; t. 353. 

MILTONIA VEXILLARIA, Benth., VAR. VIRGINALIS, Hort., a pure white 
Variety; t. 354. 

VANDA INSIGNIS, Blume; t. 355- 

CaTTLEYA DOoWIANA VAR. STATTERIANA, Hort., a handsome variety 
from which most of the crimson has vanished on the sides of the lip; 
t. 356. 

ORCHID ALBUM. 

The last issue of the Orchid Album contains :— 

CYPRIPEDIUM x PITCHERIANUM, Rchb. f., WILLIAMS’ VAR., a handsome 
hybrid between C. x Harrisianum superbum and C. Spicerianum magnifi- 
een 455° 

DENDROBIUM CILIATUM, Parish, a pretty little Burmese species, with pale 
yellow flowers and a deep yellow lip veined with dull red, and ciliate ; t. 454. 

CYPRIPEDIUM X ORPHANUM, Rchb. f., a fine hybrid, named from the 
circumstance of the record of its parentage being lost, though there can be 
little doubt that it was derived from C. Druryi and C. barbatum ; t. 455. 

CATASETUM LONGIFOLIUM, Lindl., a handsome and interesting Deme- 
Taran species, which grows pendant from the stems of the Ita Palm 


28 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


(Mauritia flexuosa), and produces drooping racemes of quaint dull 
reddish-brown and orange flowers; t. 456. 


REICHENBACHIA. 

The last part issued completes the first volume of the second series, 
which is dedicated by special permission to Her Majesty the Empress of 
Russia. It contains :— 

CyprIPEDIUM x CASTLEANUM, Rolfe, a brightly-coloured hybrid be- 
tween C. hirsutissimum ? and C. superbiens ¢, raised by Mr. Maynard; 
t. 45. 


OponroGLossuM CERVANTESI, Llav. & Lex., VAR. DECORUM, Rchb. Pe 


the best form of this well-known plant ; t. 46. 
CATTLEYA AMETHYSTOGLOSSA, Linden & Rchb. f., whose somewhat 
tangled synonymy is here pointed out; t. 47. 


L2&LIO-CATTLEYA X ARNOLDIANA, Rolfe, a very handsome hybrid, said — 


to have been raised from Lelia purpurata and some variety of Cattleya 
labiata; t. 48. 
XENIA ORCHIDACEA. 

The sixth part of the third volume of this work, issued in November 
last, by Dr. Kranzlin, contains figures of the following :— 

DENDROBIUM ANTENNATUM, Lindl., p. 92, t. 251, fig. I. 

D. coMPREssuM, Lindl., p. 93, t. 251, fig. 2. 

AERIDES LAWRENCE, Rchb. f., VaR. AMESIANA, Sander, p. 94, t. 252: 

A. ORTGIESIANUM, Rchb. f, p. 95, t. 253, fig. I. 

CaTASETUM LiECHTENSTEINI, Kranzl., p. 96, tt. 253, fig. 2, 254, fig. 2. 

C. TRULLA, Lindl., p. 97, t. 253, fig. 3. 

L&LIA REICHENBACHIANA, Wendl. & Kranzl., p. 97, t. 254, fig. I- 

PAPHINIA GRANDIS, Rchb. f., p. 98, t. 255. 

C@LoGYNE Micuoricziana, Kranzl., p- 100, t. 256. 

OcToMERIA SEEGERIANA, Kranzl., Dp. 30%, ¢. 267, fig, I, 

PLEUROTHALLIS CRYPTOCERAS, Rchb. f., p. 102/%. 257, figeas 

R@PEROCHARIS PLATYANTHERA, Rchb. f., p- 103, t. 258, fig. 1. 

R. BENNETTIANA, Rchb. f, p- 104, t. 258, fig. 2. 

R. Urpantana, Kranzl., p. 104, t. 258, fig. 3. 

R. atcicornis, Krinzl., p. 105, t. 258, fig. 4. 

PuHotipora LAUCHEANA, Kranzl., p. 106, t. 259, fig. 1. 

PLEUROTHALLIS PACHYGLOSSA, Lindl., p. 106, t. 259, fig. 1. 

SACCOLABIUM GEMMATUM, Lind., p. 107, t. 260, fig. x. 

DENDROBIUM LISTEROGLOSSUM, Kranzl., p. 108, t. 260, fig. 2. 


Perhaps the most interesting species is Lelia Reichenbachiana, a small — 
species about four inches high, with one- or two-flowered scapes, and small 
blush flowers with some purple veining on the lip. It is said that only — 
two plants are known in cultivation—one in the collection of M. Wendland, of 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 29 


Herrenhausen, the other in that of Prince Lichtenstein, Eisgrub, Austria. 
Dendrobium listeroglossum, said to have no affinities, is evidently a near 
ally of D. parcum, Rchb. f., if not synonymous with it. 

Many of the figures are very diagrammatic, some of them in outline 
only, and leave far too much to the imagination of the observer. A few of 
the plates are partially coloured. 


ORCHIDS AT THE ROYAL HORTICULTURAL 
SOCIETY. 


By JOHN WEATHERS. 


A CASUAL visitor to the last Floral Meeting of the above Society, held in 
the Drill Hall, James Street, Victoria Street, Westminster, on December 
13, 1892, would hardly have imagined that it was the dullest season of the 
year, so brilliant was the display. Orchids formed one of the chief attrac- 
tions, because of the number of new and rare plants which were present. 
The president of the society, Sir Trevor Lawrence, Bart., Burford, Dorking 
(gr. Mr. White), sent a fine collection of Calanthes, conspicuous among 
which were about a dozen large specimens of C.x Veitchii splendens, with 
heavy trusses of rosy-crimson blooms; C.x V. lactea with creamy white 
flowers; C. V.xnivea, having white flowers and a differently shaped 
lip ; and C. x burfordiense with crimson flowers. A fine strong plant of 
Masdevallia Gargantua attracted notice, on account of its large, fleshy, 
tubular flower, the interior of a deep wine-red colour, and the outer surface, 
as well as the tails, green. M.xHincksiana with several pale yellow 
flowers was also present, together with a fine spike of Lelia autumnalis 
atrorubens, with flowers somewhat larger than usual, and very richly 
coloured. Dendrobium x burfordiense (D. Linawianum 2x D. aureum %) 
reminded one of a poor form of D. nobile. The plant was vigorous and 
bore several flowers, the sepals and petals blush-rose, and the lip deep red 
in the centre, with a white zone around it, and a pink tip. But the chief 
attraction in this group was a pan, about fourteen inches in diameter, of 
Sophronites grandiflora. There were over forty flowers on this specimen, 
and their brilliant scarlet colour looked remarkably warm against the 
healthy dark green foliage. A Silver Banksian Medal was awarded to the 
plant. 

C. E. Smith, Esq., Silvermere, Cobham, Surrey, exhibited a huge 
specimen of Cypripedium insigne, for which a Silver Banksian Medal was 
awarded. There were ninety-six blooms on the plant, and their colouring 
and size were really first-class. It was stated that it had taken more than 
ten years to grow the specimen into such a fine condition. 


30 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


S. G. Lutwyche, Esq., Oakfield, Beckenham (gr. Mr. J. May), also 
exhibited two good specimens of Cypripedium insigne, bearing in the 
aggregate one hundred and thirty-nine flowers, and received a Bronze 
Banksian Medal. Besides these were two large plants of Zygopetalum 
Mackayi, with one hundred and sixteen large flowers between them. 

C. W. Fincken, Esq., Hoyland Hall, Barnsley (gr. Mr. Milburn), 
exhibited a Lelia named Finckeniana, which received an Award of Merit. 
The plant, which was a strong one, and bore five flowers on the spike, was 
imported from Mexico, with a lot of Lelia anceps, about three years ago. 
The chaste and well-formed blooms are almost exactly like those of a 
medium sized L. anceps Dawsoni, except that the side-lobes of the lip do 
not nearly meet above the column. The plant appears to be a natural 
hybrid between a white form of L. anceps and either L. autumnalis or L. 
albida. 

The Duke of Northumberland, Syon House (gr. Mr. G. Wythes), sent a 
splendid group of Cypripedium insigne, which formed a bank about thirty 
feet long. The plants were well grown, in twenty-four pots, and were 
relieved behind with large plants of Calanthe x Veitchii. 

Philip Crowley, Esq., Waddon House, Croydon, exhibited the rare 
Angrecum pellucidum, having four large leathery leaves and two pendulous 
spikes, each bearing between twenty and thirty semi-transparent blooms. 

G. D. Owen, Esq., Selwood, Rotherham (gr. Mr. B. Watts), obtained 
an Award of Merit for the Selwood variety of Cattleya amethystoglossa, 
with creamy sepals and. petals spotted with bright crimson; and Lelia 
anceps Oweniana, a plant bearing three ordinary blooms. 

W. Thompson, Esq., Walton Grange, Stone (gr. Mr. W. Stevens), 
exhibited Masdevallia x McVittize, a hybrid between M. tovarensis 9 and M. 
Veitchii 3, for which an Award of Merit was given. 

W. Wells, Esq., Broomfield, Sale, obtained a First-class Certificate for 
Cattleya labiata alba. It is an almost pure white variety, with a slight 
_ Stain of pale yellow deep down in the throat. The plant was not very 
vigorous, and bore only one flower, but its size and beauty could not fail to 
make a deep impression. 

R. I. Measures, Esq., Cambridge Lodge, Flodden Road, Camberwell 
(gr. Mr. H. Simpkins), exhibited several fine Cypripedium blooms, among 
them being C.x Morganie, C.x Leeanum, C.xCarrieréi (C. superbiens % 
xC. venustum f), C.x Chas. Canham, C.x Mrs. Canham, C. x orphanum, 
and C.xenfieldense (C. Lawrenceanum 2x C. Hookerze 4), the latter being 
a particularly highly-coloured variety. A healthy plant of the remarkable 
Pleurothallis punctulata came from the same exhibitor. The leaves are 
glaucous, and the flowers soft greenish-yellow with purple dots, and a 
sombre purple, very conspicuous lip. It is believed to be the only plant in 
cultivation. It received a Botanical Certificate. 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 3t 


C. W. Lea, Esq., Parkfield, Hallow (gr. Mr. A. G. Catt), exhibited 
Vanda teres, and its variety alba, together with a spike of Lelia x Trese- 
deriana with seven flowers. : 

W. E. Brymer, Esq., Puddletown, Dorchester (gr. Mr. J. Powell), sent a 
spike of the rare Dendrobium Treacherianum with six flowers, for which a 
Botanical Certificate was awarded. A long straggling spike of Oncidium 
insculptum, with numerous dark brown flowers, also came from the same 
collection, 

B. D. Knox, Esq., Ardmillan, Caversham, exhibited a fairly strong 
plant of Cattleya Alexandra, with one bloom. A spike bearing three 
blooms was also exhibited by Messrs. Linden, of Brussels, together with a 
dried spike, showing that in a wild state as many as a dozen flowers are 
produced. 

Norman C. Cookson, Esq., Oakwood, Wylam-on-Tyne, exhibited a large 
and beautifully clear primrose-yellow and white flower of the incomparable 
Cypripedium insigne Sander. 

Dendrobium Phalenopsis Schroederianum, having eight large blush 
flowers on the spike, was shown by Wellbore Ellis, Esq., Hazelbourne, 
Dorking. 

Among the trade growers, Messrs. F. Sander and Co., St. Albans, con- 
tributed a fine collection of Cypripediums, chief among which were C. x 
Calypso, Oakwood var.’ C. x Sallieri, and its variety superbum, a fine 
plant with five flowers; C.xLynchianum (C. Spicerianum ¢xC. selli- 
gerum majus f), a hybrid with a rosy upper sepal bordered with white, 
and a green stain at base; C.x Johnsonianum (C. x nitens magnificum 2 x 
C. Lawrenceanum /), the blood of the pollen parent being most con- 
spicuous, to which a First-class Certificate was awarded; C. x Alcides 
Superbum (C. insigne albo-marginatum ?xC. hirsutissimum 7%); and C. 
Chamberlainianum, a strong plant, bearing two brilliant flowers on a 
Scape not exceeding four inches in height. The deep purple-flowered 
Lelia Gouldiana, Cattleya O’Brieniana with lilac blooms, and the charming 
little Leelia x Oweniana—the flowers of which remind one somewhat of 
Galeandra Baueri—were also very attractive. Masdevallia x Measuresiana 
(M. tovarensis 9x M. amabilis 2), flowers white inside, pink outside, and 
M. x Courtauldiana, with lilac-purple flowers, were also shown, as well as 
spikes of Phalznopsis grandiflora, and a strong Catasetum sp., bearing nine 
flowers, with dark chocolate blotches on a pale green ground, and a creamy 
helmet-shaped lip, speckled with purple outside, and blotched inside, with 
the minutely fringed white margin. 

Messrs. J. Veitch and Sons, Chelsea, sent several hybrids, the most 
remarkable of which was Sophro-cattleya x Calypso (Sophronitis grandiflora 
$x Cattleya Loddigesii $), which obtained a First-class Certificate. The 
flowers remind one very forcibly of those of Cattleya Loddigesii, but 


= THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


approach those of the Sophronitis in colour, though with a brilliant yel ov 
throat, as in the Cattleya parent. This hybrid was raised about fifte 
years ago by Mr. Seden, and had been already in bloom nineteen ia 
before it was brought to the Drill Hall. 

Cypripedium x Arete was the name given to a new hybrid betweell Cc 
concolor ? and C. Spicerianum $, which received an Award of Merit. Th 
leaves were about two or three inches long, and mottled with two not very 
decided shades of green. The dwarf slender scape bore a single flow 
about half as large as that of C. Spicerianum, the colour creamy, pea 
in great profusion with rose dots, the upper sepals, base of the petals, a 
edge of the lips are tinged with greenish-yellow, and the staminode about 
intermediate in shape. It is an extremely interesting cross, but the colours 
-are not so decided as in some of the other hybrids from C. concolor. 

Among the other exhibits were Epiphronitis x Veitchii (Sophronitis 
grandiflora 2x Epidendrum radicans ¢) with a few brilliant flowers; Selen 4 
pedium x Cleola (S. Schlimii albiflorum @xS. Boissierianum ¢), a pretty 
hybrid with waxy flowers tinged with rose; Cypripedium x CEnone “4 
Hooker ¢xC. superbiens ¢) and C.x Pheres (C. insigne 2x C. hirsutis: 
simum $), which is really a variety of C.x Alcides, 

Messrs. Hugh Low and Co., Clapton, contributed a select group, 
noticeable among them being a fine plant of Cypripedium x Leeanum with 
eighteen blooms, the waxy Angraecum sesquipedale, Saccolabium giganteum 
with a fine truss of white and rose flowers, several plants of Cypripedium : 3 
bellatulum, C. Chamberlainianum, C. Dayanum, Selenipedium x Sedemt 
candidulum, an almost pure white Odontoglossum crispum, and two pla ats 
of Vanda Amesiana in full bloom. 7 

Messrs. B. S. Williams and Son, Upper Holloway, contributed the 
remarkable Cypripedium x enfieldense raised by Mr. Ayling, gardener o 
Mr. A. J. Hollington, Forty Hill, Enfield (also exhibited by Mr. Measures), 
Calanthe x Oweniana (C. x Veitchii 2x C. x nivea 2) with rose and wh 
blooms, and a hybrid Cypripedium from C. Hookerz ? and C. superbien 
in reality a form of C. x GEnone. 

Messrs. Pitcher and Manda exhibited twelve distinct variations 
Cypripedium insigne, a fine form of C. x Niobe, and C. x venusto-Spi 
num. 

Mr. P. MacArthur, Maida Vale Nursery, exhibited a small plant of th 
very rare Odontoglossum Kramerianum, having two blush-white fom 
with purple lip and a square yellow spotted crest. ; 


The next meeting of the Royal Horticultural Society will be held 
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A British Hybrid Orchid : 34 | Cypripedium ~x lutescens er 
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The History of Orchid | Hybridhation, Selenipedium x Phzdra_ ... ributed ¢ 
Part Ii 35 | Calendar of Operations for Febragte: pardener 
Anguloa x media o , Orchid Portraits = on eo 
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The Dell Collection : a Society ' 
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“SITGH'S MANUAL OF ORCHIDACEOUS PLANTS, 


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is 1] JANUARY, 1893. [Nox yellov 


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Hn Fllustrated Monthly Journal, bro 
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a P 
DEVOTED EXCLUSIVELY TO ORCHIDOLOGY,,,, 
IN ALL ITS BRANCHES. 3 
t 
in 
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M FAGE ¢ 
ox)ar Programme : ie ee | Dendrobium peers ane ribu 
Yattleya x Krameriana 2 | Gardener-Bird ee 
“he ag of Orchid Hybridisation The Hybridist . coaevel 
wy Fart I 3 | Lelio eurtleya: x Beye ao 4 
jwncidium Gp elegericei ct ay 6 |  Masdevallia x McVittie ... es 
ypripedium x Niobe (Fig. 1) 7 | Cymbidium x Winnianum ~ 
wilelia virens... ts 8 | Cypripedium x Edwardii (Fig. ier al 
~ pertttleya labiata alba ... 8 | Calendar of Operations for Janua: -:- 
- tehids of 1892 9 | Orchid Portraits 
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THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


VoL. I.] FEBRUARY, 13893. [No. 2, 


TO OUR READERS. 


THE inauguration of the OrcHID Review has called forth a series of 
congratulatory letters, not only from various parts of the United Kingdom, 
but also from the Continent and America, and we take this, the earliest 
opportunity of thanking our numerous correspondents for their good wishes 
and kind co-operation, both of which are much appreciated, and augur well 
for the future. 

Our first number has been very favourably received, both by the 
horticultural press, and by numerous amateur and professional growers, 
all of whom express the opinion that it will prove very useful to cultivators 
of Orchids. Several correspondents have offered suggestions for making 
the work of the widest possible interest, which, so far as circumstances 
permit, we shall endeavour to act upon. One or two are embodied in the 
present number, and we shall at all times be glad to receive suggestions for 
the improvement of the work. 

We particularly invite short communications of an interesting character, 


also photographs of flowers of showy rarities suitable for reproduction in 


our pages. Many such, of which no figure exists, are in cultivation in 
various collections, and it seems desirable to remedy the deficiency when- 
ever the necessary materials can be obtained. 

We hope our readers will make the Review known as widely as possible 
among their Orchid-growing friends, so as to enlarge its sphere of useful- 
ness, because its value must depend to a large extent upon the amount 
of support received, and we desire to make it of a progressive nature in the 
best sense of the term. 

: 3 


34 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


A BRITISH HYBRID ORCHID. 


Natural hybrids among Orchids are not only very numerous, but very 
widely diffused. A most interesting British example is described and 
figured by Mr. Rolfe in a recent number of the Annals of Botany (vol. vie pe 
325, t. 18). It is a generic cross, between Orchis maculata and Habenaria 
viridis, which was sent to Kew for determination by C, H. S. Perceval, Esq. 
of Longwitton Hall, Morpeth, in July, r891. It was found in a field at 
Longwitton, Northumberland, growing with the two species just named, 
together with Orchis incarnata, Habenaria chlorantha, H. bifolia, and 
Listera ovata. It possesses unmistakable evidence of a combination od 
characters of the two parent species, as is evident from the plate, and the 
author states that the same holds good as to colour. Instead of the pale 
lilac of the Orchis parent there was a strong suffusion of green derived from 
the Habenaria, which served to modify the former colour. The flower of 
the hybrid bears a considerable resemblance to that of Orchis maculata | 
especially in the spreading sepals and the shape of the lip, yet the latter 
organ has the narrower more acute side lobes, and very small mid lobe, 
which strongly indicate the influence of the other parent. The spur ‘is 
precisely intermediate in character, having neither the long, narrow, ant 
tapering form of the Orchis, nor the short, saccate form of the Habenaria, 
but is a linear-oblong, slightly clavate body, barely over a line in length. 
The author follows the Candollean rule of compounding a name from that" 
of the two parent species, and has named the hybrid Habenari-orchis x vitid- 
maculata. The only other British hybrid Orchid known is Orchis latifoli” 
maculata, which has been recorded from Hampshire and from Plymouth. 


ODONTOGLOSSUM LUTEOPURPUREUM COBBIANUM. 


The varieties of Odontoglossum luteopurpureum, like those of O. crispu®: 
seem almost endless. The one to which the above name has been given i 
a strikingly handsome form, which has just flowered in the collection of 
Walter Cobb, Esq., Silverdale, Sydenham, Kent. The sepals are wholly 
deep chestnut, except a minute yellow tip, and a small area at the extreme 
base. The petals are of a similar Shade, with the tips and marginal teeth 
deep yellow. From middle to base extends a broad greenish-yellow 4 10, : 
and along the centre of this a narrower chestnut-brown band, which imparts 
to the variety a very distinctive appearance. The lip is rather broad at the 
apex, but otherwise normal in character. It is one of the darkest forms ¥ 


nae “ine ge aE OH ne 


have seen. 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 35 


THE HISTORY OF ORCHID HYBRIDISATION. 
PART II. : 
(Continued from page 6.) 

Ix 1870 the first hybrid Selenipedium appeared, and was named S. x 
Dominianum, after its illustrious raiser. It was the result of crossing S. 
caricinum with the pollen of S. caudatum, and was described as a plant of 
the freest growth, and with every organ intermediate between those of its 
two parents. Although maintaining the distinctness of this genus, Reichen- 
bach bestowed the name of Cypripedium x Dominianum on the plant, for 
horticultural purposes, thus establishing a sort of dual nomenclature, which 
has resulted in considerable confusion. 

Cypripedium x vexillarium also flowered for the first time in 1870, and 
was described as one of the surprises which Mr. Dominy prepares for the 
Messrs. Veitch. It was raised from C. barbatum and the rare C. Fairie- 
anum, the former being the séed parent. ‘The influence of the pollen 
parent, itself one of the most beautiful of the genus, preponderates in a 
striking manner in this hybrid, and renders it one of the most elegant yet raised. 

Early in 1871, Mr. Burbridge published in the Gardeners’ Chronicle a list 
of the Hybrid Orchids raised up to that period, in which occurs an 
additional one—namely, Aérides x hybridum—said to have been raised from 
A. affine and A. Fieldingii. It does not appear to have ever been described, 
and now seems to have been quite lost sight of. 

Hitherto all the hybrids which had flowered had been raised by Mr. 
Dominy, in the establishment of Messrs. James Veitch and Sons, first at 
Exeter, and then at the Royal Exotic Nursery, Chelsea. For fifteen years 
his record was unbroken. But others, attracted by his success, at length 
entered the field, and in 1871 the work of another operator reached the 
flowering stage. Mr. Dominy’s work, however, had already ceased, and 
before commencing a new epoch we may complete our record of the results 
of his operations. 

Lelia x Veitchiana flowered for the first time in 1874, and was described 
as a glowing thing, very much like L. x exoniensis. It was raised from the 
old Cattleya labiata and Lelia crispa, the former said to have been the seed 
Parent. It was awarded a First-class Certificate by the Royal Horticultural 
Society, : 

Cattleya x felix was described in 1876, but is said to have been one of 
the oldest seedlings raised by Mr. Dominy. It is stated to be a cross 
between Lelia crispa and Cattleya Schilleriana. It seems to have been 
almost lost sight of at the present day. 

Lelia x caloglossa flowered for the first time earlyin 1877. It was 
described as a very lovely new hybrid. Cattleya labiata is said to have been 


36 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


one of thé parents, and Lelia Boothiana or L. crispa—probably the former 
—the other. The flowers are described as like those of Lelia Boothiana, 
but of a lighter purple, and the lip with a white border and two sulphur 
yellow blotches on the disc. 

In 1877 Cattleya x picturata also flowered, and was described by Reichen- 
bach. Its acknowledged parents are Cattleya guttata and C. intermedia 
Thus it was a very interesting cross, as these very species are clearly the 
parents of C. x intricata, Rchb. f.,a natural hybrid, which appeared in 1884. 
Mr. Dominy’s plant seems to have been lost sight of, but it would be a very 
interesting matter to be able to compare the two together. 

Dendrobium x Dominianum, the first hybrid in the genus, was de 
scribed in 1878, but it was then stated to have been obtained by Mr 
Dominy a very long time ago. Its parents were D. Linawianum and dD. 
nobile, the latter being the seed parent. It was described as a Vely 
ornamental Dendrobium, and very curious from the point de vue of science. 

Mr. Dominy’s last hybrid was a remarkable and very handsome ont 
It flowered for the first time in August, 1878, and was described by 
Reichenbach as Laelia x Dominiana. It was then stated to be a cross 
_between Cattleya Dowiana and some Lelia, probably L. elegans. This, 
however, is clearly incorrect, so far as the second parent is concerned, 
for the hybrid bears the strongest possible traces of Laelia Boothiana, which 
was almost certainly the other parent. This was a fitting climax to Mr 
Dominy’s labours, for if depth and richness of colouring be the criterion 
of excellence this hybrid is unsurpassed among this raiser’s productions 
while in size and shape it leaves nothing to be desired. 

This exhausts the list of Mr. Dominy’s hybrids, which accordingly 4 
seen to be twenty-five in number. Phaius x inquilinus, however, is @ 
complete mystery, thus reducing the number to twenty-four. These com 
prise six Cattleyas, one Lelia, and six crosses between the two genet 
two Calanthes, one hybrid between Calanthe and Phaius, two Cypripedium’ 
one Selenipedium, one Dendrobium, one Aérides (probably lost), and three 
hybrids of the Ancectochilus group. A period of twenty years elapse 
between the flowering of the first of the group, Calanthe x Domini, ant 
the last, Lelia x Dominiana, so that they averaged scarcely over 0" 
a year. 


These results were indeed remarkable, and although in succeeding yeas 
their numbers were more rapidly augmented, the name of Mr. Dominy 
ever be remembered as the pioneer of this interesting and promising branch 
of the gardener’s art. Nor were his experiments solely confined to Orchids. 


as several other remarkable hybrids were raised by him, though these . 
outside the scope of our inquiry. : 
In 1858 the 


| Exeter Horticultural Society awarded Mr. Dominy a Silve 
Medal for his experiments in hybridisation, and in 1880, on the occasios 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 37 


of his retirement from the service of Messrs. Veitch, the Council of the 
Royal Horticultural Society presented him with their large Gold Flora 
Medal for his successful labours as a raiser of hybrid Orchids, Nepenthes, 
and other plants. 

The first successful follower of Mr. Dominy appears to have been Mr. 
Cross, gardener to Lady Ashburton, of Melchet Court, Hampshire, who 
obtained Cypripedium x Ashburtonie by crossing C. barbatum with the 
pollen of C. insigne. This hybrid, which is quite intermediate in character, 
flowered for the first time in 1871, when it was described by Reichenbach. 

The same raiser added Cypripedium x Crossianum, in 1873. Its parents 
were C. insigne and C. venustum, the former being the seed parent. Both it 
and the preceding were distributed by Messrs. James Veitch & Sons, of Chelsea. 

Mr. Seden next appeared upon the scene, having succeeded Mr. Dominy 
in the work at the Royal Exotic Nursery. His first hybrid was a remark- 
able and very handsome one. It was obtained by crossing Selenipedium 
longifolium with the pollen of S. Schlimii, and vice versd, both crosses 
flowering for the first time in 1873, and proving absolutely identical. This 
hybrid was a great horticultural acquisition, and in some respects also a 
surprise. Neither of the parents can be placed in the first rank as decora- 
tive plants. One is a free grower, with large flowers of little beauty, the 
other a “ miffy ” grower with small but brightly coloured flowers, but the 
good qualities of both parents were fortunately combined in the offspring. 
A plant of the most robust constitution, remarkably floriferous, and with 
well-shaped flowers of a most pleasing shade of pink, this hybrid was soon 
utilised for further experiments, with the result that our gardens have been 
enriched by a race of hybrids of the greatest possible value from a decora- 
tive standpoint. 

Another of Mr. Seden’s hybrids which flowered during 1873 also 
established a record, being the first of the series of secondary hybrids— 
i... hybrids in which one or both parents is itself of hybrid origin. It was 
described under the name of Cattleya x fausta, and said to be ‘‘ just inter- 
mediate between C. Loddigesii, as the 9, or seed parent, and C. x exoni- 
ensis, as the 2, or pollen parent.” Two forms were described at the outset— 
the typical form, with rosy-lilac sepals and petals and a paler lip, and the 
variety radicans, distinguished by the presence of a number of dark purplish 
veins and streaks on the anterior part of the lip. Thus it afforded an 
indication of what has since been repeatedly confirmed, namely, that 
Secondary hybrids are especially variable, plants raised from the same seed- 
pod often exhibiting great dissimilarity between themselves. 

Early in 1874 Dendrobium x Ainsworthii flowered for the first time, 
being the work of a new operator. It was raised in the collection of Dr. 
Ainsworth, of Lower Broughton, near Manchester, by Mr. Mitchell, between 
D. aureum and D. nobile, the former being the seed-parent. It was 


38 . THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


deservedly awarded a First-class Certificate by the Royal Horticultural 
Society, in February, 1874, on the occasion of its flowering for the first 
time. The seed was sown about seven years previously. It has since been 
recorded that plants of the same cross were raised by Mr. West, at the Fait 
field Nursery, near Manchester, at about the same time. : 

Immediately afterwards another genus was added to the list, when 
Chysis x Chelsoni flowered for the first time. It was raised by Mr. Seden, 
and its parentage is recorded as C. Limminghei ? x C. bracteseens @, though 
Reichenbach suggested C. levis as the pollen parent. It was awarded 
First-class Certificate. 

Lelia x flammea is a very interesting secondary hybrid, which also 
flowered in 1874. It was obtained by Mr. Seden, by crossing L. cinnaba 
rina with the pollen of L.x Pilcheri. Its flowers are much larger than those 
of the mother plant, and of a peculiar flame-colour, then quite unique 
though two or three other seedlings from L..cinnabarina have since beet 
raised which present the same peculiarity. a 

Zygopetalum x Sedeni, the first hybrid in the genus, also flowered for the 
first time during 1874. Its parents are stated to have been Z. Mackayi and 
Z. maxillare. It was dedicated to Mr. Seden, to whose assiduous efforts its 
existence was due. if 

Cypripedium x Arthurianum, which flowered in the autumn of this yeat 
was also raised in the Royal Exotic Nursery, from C. insigne crossed with | 
the pollen of C. Fairieanum. A single seedling only was obtained. The, 
plant was dedicated to the late Mr. Arthur Veitch. ‘The influence of 
pollen parent is much less marked than usual, being chiefly apparent in the 
undulate petals; it is nevertheless one of the most distinct hybrids yt 


raised, the shape and markings being exceedingly graceful. 


The three hybrids of 1875 were all Cypripediums, each of them decidel 
acquisitions as decorative garden plants. They were all raised by Mt 
Seden in the Royal Exotic Nursery. < 

Cypripedium x tessellatum was the result of crossing C. concolor - 
the pollen of C. barbatum. Its flowers are of a pale: buff-yellow heavily 
suffused with rose-purple and with some darker markings. ‘The coloratio? 
of this beautiful hybrid is quite unique in the genus, but its constitution ® 
much less vigorous than could be wished, a character evidently derived fro" 
the mother plant. : 


Cypripedium x euryandrum owes its descent to the crossing of : 
barbatum with the pollen of C. Stonei, and thus was the first member of the , 
group with racemose flowers. It is very distinct and handsome, and pre 
sents a combination of the characters of the parent species, though e 
influence of the pollen parent decidedly preponderates. It is notewortll 
that ‘of the seven hybrid Cypripediums hitherto raised, C. barbatum hat 
been one of the parents in no less than five. instances. J 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 39° 


Cypripedium x Marshallianum was derived from C. venustum pardinum 
and C. concolor, the latter being the pollen parent. It is a very distinct 
and charming little plant, in which the influence of the pollen parent pre- 
ponderates to a very marked degree. 

Hybrid Orchids were now decidedly on the increase, for at least ten 
flowered for the first time during 1876, and the work of three new operators 
came before the public, as will presently be seen. 

Cypripedium x cenanthum, the first secondary hybrid in the genus, was 
described early in the year. It was raised by Mr. Seden, by crossing 
C. x Harrisianum with the pollen of C. insigne Maulei, and thus establishes 
a record of another kind, being the first instance of a hybrid Orchid being 
successfully used as the seed-parent. The theory of the sterility of hybrids, 
if ever maintained with regard to plants, must have received a shock with 
the flowering of this plant. As in the case of Cattleya x fausta, an 
unusual amount of variability presented itself between the different plants 
obtained from this cross. It isa very brightly-coloured and attractive hybrid. 

Another. hybrid Dendrobium now appeared, being raised by Mr. Seden 
from D. moniliforme (D. japonicum) crossed with the pollen of D. aureum. 
It received the name of D. x endocharis, in allusion, we suppose, to the 
satisfaction with which the opening of its first flowers was regarded. Its 
chaste flowers are pure white, with a handsomely pencilled disc, and 
deliciously fragrant. ; 

The next hybrid was Selenipedium x stenophyllum, raised in the collec- 
tion of John C. Bowring, Esq., of Forest Farm, Windsor, who thus gave 
evidence of having turned his attention to hybrids. It was obtained by 
crossing S. Schlimii with the pollen of S. caricinum. 

Cypripedium x pycnopterum, the first hybrid from C. Lowii, was 
obtained by Mr. Seden from C. venustum crossed with the pollen of the 
species just named. It is a very distinct hybrid, in which the influence of 
the pollen parent greatly preponderates. 

Cypripedium x superciliare was obtained by crossing C. barbatum with 
the pollen of C. superbiens. The flowers are large and intermediate in 
character, though inclining to the light colour of the pollen parent. It was 
raised by Mr. Seden. 

Dendrobium x rhodostoma, which next appeared, was a decided novelty, 
being obtained by crossing the rare D. Huttonii with the pollen of D. san- 
guinolentum. It bears a considerable resemblance to the latter. Lt 16 2 
free grower and ver y floriferous. Mr. Seden was the raiser. : 

The next hybrid which flowered was the work of a new operator. It was 
raised in the collection of the late W. Leech, Esq., of Oakley, Fallowfield, 
Manchester, by Mr. William Swan, by crossing Cypripedium Dayanum with 
the pollen of C. barbatum, and was named C. x Swanianum, in honour of 
the raiser. It was the first seedling from C. Dayanum. 


40 THE ORCHID REVIEW. , 


Cypripedium x marmorophyllum, the first cross from C. Hooker, was 
obtained by Mr. Seden, by crossing that species with the pollen of G 
barbatum. It is a bold and richly-coloured hybrid, much resembling C 
Hookere in the foliage, but with the influence of the pollen parent mote 
marked in the flower. 

Cattleya x Mitchelli was raised by Mr. Mitchell, in the collection of Dr 
Ainsworth, of Lower Broughton, Manchester, from Cattleya Leopoldi fertr 
lised with the pollen of Cattleya Trianze (C. quadricolor). It was the first 
cross in which the last-named species had participated, and was thirteen 
years old when it flowered for the first time. 

The last hybrid of the year was raised in the collection of Messts. 
Rollisson and Sons, of Tooting, by Mr. Mylam. It is said to have been | 
raised by crossing Cattleya granulosa with the pollen of Lelia crispa. It 
was called Lelia x Mylamiana, and was well compared with L. x devoniensis. 
From the published figure, indeed (Gardeners’ Chronicle, 1876, ti. p+ 74 
fig. 138), we may safely infer that it originated from the same parentage 
Cattleya guttata, therefore, not C. granulosa, must have been the seed 
parent ; which is the more probable, from the fact that the plant then called 
C. granulosa in gardens was really C. guttata. . It is a curious coincident? 
that C. x Mitchelli and the present one were both raised in 1863, and 
flowered for the first time when thirteen years old. The latter now seems 
to have been quite lost sight of. : 


(To be continued.) 


ANGULOA «x MEDIA. 


It is a source of satisfaction to be able to solve the origin of som 
doubtful plant by direct experiment, as has been done on several occasions 
We may now record an instance in which the reverse process took place 
Hybrids between Anguloa Ruckeri and A. Clowesii have been raised, fit 
in the collection of John C. Bowring, Esq., Forest Farm, Windsor, ant 
afterwards with Messrs. James Veitch and Sons, of Chelsea; in the lat 
case, A. Ruckeri was the pollen parent. Some considerable time 4g? ‘<a 
imported Anguloa (known to be such) flowered in the collection of R. & 
Measures, Esq., of The Woodlands, Streatham, and was thought to be @ 
new species. Mr. Seden, however, who saw it, at once recognised it # 
identical with the plant he had raised, and the determination has sinc q 
been confirmed. It is a very inte 
Parent species are known to 
be surprised to find a natural 


resting circumstance, though the a 
grow together, and therefore we need 
hybrid between them. 


Anguloa x media, Rchb. f. in Gardeners’ Chronicle, 1881, ii. p. 38. 
A. X intermedia, Rolfe, Z.c., 1888, i. p. 798 


THE ORCHID REVIEW, 41 


CYPRIPEDIUM x MORGANIZZ BURFORDIENSE. 


CypRIPEDIUM X MorGANL&, the facile princeps of hybrid Cypripediums, was 
raised by Mr. Seden in the establishment of Messrs. James Veitch and Sons, 
of Chelsea, from C. superbiens fertilised with the pollen of C. Stonei. It 
flowered for the first time in 1880, and was dedicated to Mrs. Morgan, of 


Fig. 3. CYPRIPEDIUM X MORGANIA BURFORDIENSE. 


New York, an ardent amateur of Orchids. By some mistake the name was 
first published as C. x Morganianum, but was afterwards corrected. Soon 
after the original plant flowered, and revealed its sterling qualities, the same 
cross was effected by Mr. Spyers, in the collection of Sir Trevor Lawrence, 


Bart., Burford, Dorking. This was in July, 1881, and exactly eight years 


42 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


oe 
later the first flowers appeared. It was named C. x Morganiz burfordiens, 
in order to distinguish it from the original form, which, however, it vey 
closely resembles. A plant was exhibited at a meeting of the Royal Hori 
cultural Society in November last, when it was unanimously awarded : 
First-class Certificate by the Orchid Committee. Our illustration rept 
sents a flower of this particular plant, kindly communicated by Sir Trew 
Lawrence. — 

C. x Morganiz bears a considerable resemblance to the rare C. Stone. 
platyteenium, from which circumstance the latter has been supposed tobe 
a natural hybrid with the same parentage. This, however, is impossible, & 
one of the species is a native of Malacca, the other of Borneo. 4 


Cypripedium x Morganiz, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron., 1880, ii. p. 134 (by error “Mee 
ganianum”) ; 7d., 1886, ii, pp. 241, 243, fig. 49; zd., 1890, i. p. 264, with plate, also pp. i 
552, fig. 85 ; 2d., 1892, ii. pp. 217, 218, fig. 37 (abnormal) ; Journ. of Hort., 1887, i. pp. 234 
233, fig. 42. Orch. Album, vii. t. 313 ; Veitch Man. Orch., iv. p. 92, with fig. ; The Garileh, 
xxiii. p. 58, t. 372 ; Retchenbachia, ser. 2, i. p. 1, t. 1; Ll. Hort., xxxiv. p. 16, t. 5 7 


sa 


FIGURES OF BRAZILIAN ORCHIDS. 


The following summary of an article by M. Cogniaux in the Fournal des 
Orchidées for December 15th (p. 308) will probably be read with interest — : 

About twenty-five years ago M. Barbosa Rodrigues, now Director of - 
Botanic Garden at Rio de Janeiro, commenced the preparation of a sh 
figures of Brazilian Orchids, natural size, coloured, and with analy 4 
details of floral structure. In 1871 he applied to the Brazilian Governmett 
for funds to enable him to publish the work, but without success. He there 
fore entered into negotiations with the Editor of the Flora Brasiliensis, ant 
with the late Prof. Reichenbach, but with no better result, and he had a 
content himself with publishing a brief account of the novelties, in two octal 
volumes, in 1877 and 1881, entitled Genera et Species Orchidearum nova 
They number about 570 species and 25 new genera, the value of which it we 
almost impossible to judge, as many of them were unrepresented in ie | 
pean Herbaria. % 


. 


¢ 
M. Cogniaux, who has been entrusted with the revision of the Orchide® 


for the Flora Brasiliensis, has now received the drawings in question, neatly 
goo in number, and speaks of them as executed with really artistic talent: : 
and accompanied by analytical details of each species. It is a fortunal? 


ietiadias tt that these drawings will now be available for the work 
question. 


: 
It is certain that the novelties of this enormous tract of county 
are not yet nearly exhausted, and the forthcoming revision will doubtless | 
prove a gr 


eat advance in our knowledge of the Orchids of this interestiDs 
Fegion. ==) a 


THE ORCHID. REVIEW: 43 


THE DELL COLLECTION. 


THE marvellous collection of Orchids cultivated at. The Dell, Egham, the 
residence of Baron Sir Henry Schréder, has a world-wide fame, and is the 
admiration of all who have been privileged to see it. Whether regarded in 
its entirety or inspected in detail, no mere description can convey an ade- 
quate impression of its floral treasures, or do justice to the splendid speci- 
mens of cultural skill, or the rare and exceptional forms it contains. It is 
unique of its kind ; and by a metaphor may be likened to a repository of the 
choicest works of art into which the best efforts of great masters only are 
admitted. In like manner has Baron Schréder, with the most refined taste 
and.unerring judgment, brought together the choicest works of Nature, as 
displayed in the great Orchid family, and superadded to these the finest 
acquisitions of the hybridist. The collection has been formed by the most 
careful selection, during a long series of years, and its most prominent 
feature consists of the large number of choice, rare and unusual forms it 
contains. To enumerate all these would far exceed the space at our dis- 
posal, and we must therefore confine ourselves to mentioning the more 
salient points of this superb collection, dwelling for a moment here and there 
on objects of exceptional rarity and interest. 

We will make no attempt at classification ; the cultural requirements of 

*the different genera are such that it is necessary in many cases to grow 
different species in different houses, although as far as practicable the 
species and varieties of each important genus are brought together under 
one roof, or in one compartment. This is the case with the allied genera 
Cattleya and Lelia, with Odontoglossum, Phalzenopsis, Dendrobium, and 
Cypripedium. Altogether about twenty houses are devoted to Orchids. 

The spacious Cattleya house is a house of fine proportions, erected 
expressly for the reception of this fine genus and its. allies. Here is collected 
all that is rare and beautiful in Cattleya and Lelia, together with the 
numerous hybrids between. the two genera. The first place must be 
assigned to a grand plant of the type species, Cattleya labiata, so rare for 
more than a whole generation, but now, thanks to its re-discovery, quite 
common. C. Trianz is represented by the exceptionally fine forms. known 
as Schroederiana, Russeliana, Leeana, Dodgsoni, Osmant, and others, the 
two first named, we believe, being found nowhere else. Of C. Mossiz 
Reineckiana, the most admired form of this old favourite Cattleya, there are 
several healthy specimens, also of C. Mossiz Wageneri, and other varieties 
of merit. Other allied forms, as C. Mendeli, C. Warscewiczii, C. Dowiana, 
C. Gaskelliana, C. Percivaliana, C. Schroedere, and even C. Luedde- 
Manniana, are all represented by groups of the most select varieties, and 
With them the superb natural hybrid, C. x Hardyana. Other species of 


. 
44 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 4 


Cattleya are C. iricolor, probably the only plant in Europe, C. Schr 
deriana, C. Loddigesii alba, C. Skinneri alba, C. Bowringiana atropurpures, 
and C. Lawrenceana Vinckeana, a variety of unusual colour. Amon 
Lelias are the rare L. Jongheana; L. purpurata, varieties alba, rosea, ani 
dellensis; L. anceps and its varieties, Dawsoni, Stella, Hilliana, Schre 
deriana, Veitchiana, Williamsii, Sanderiana, and many other specially 
selected forms; also the natural hybrids, L. x Crawshayana and L. ¥ 
porphyritis, both extremely rare. Of artificially raised hybrids of Cattle 
and Lelia there is a grand array, notably Cattleya x Empress Frederich, 
unique, C. x citrino-intermedia, Lelia x Euterpe, L. x flammea, by 
and a series of Leelio-cattleyas, of which the oldest of them, L. ¥ 
exoniensis, still takes the lead, being closely followed by such grand things. 
as L. x bella, L. x callistoglossa, L. x Dominiana, L. x Sedeni, L. ¥ 
Victoria, the superb L. x Digbyané-Mossie, and others. Several fine 
forms of the natural hybrids L. x elegans and L. x Schilleriana are als 
represented. With this group may be mentioned the bigeneric hybrids, 
Sophrocattleya x Batemaniana and S. x Calypso, all the plants of the i 
named being at The Dell. 

We next turn to another great South American genus that claims al 
equal rank in the aristocracy of Orchids, viz., Odontoglossum. First and 
foremost must be mentioned O. Pescatorei Veitchianum, the facile princeps 
the genus, here surrounded by a group of other lovely varieties of the same 
species. Then turning to O. crispum, we here find a group of the choices 
forms ever introduced, including Schrcederianum, Veitchianum, Balan 
tineanum, Stevensii, Sanderiana, nobilius, apiatum, and a host of others 
Among rare species and varieties are O. nevium, O. nevadense, O. Wallis, 
O. polyxanthum, O. marginellum, O. maxillare, O. Edwardi ioplocon, O. Halli 
magnificum, O. Cervantesii decorum, O. ramosissimum liliiflorum, 0. luteo” 
purpureum Vuylstekeanum ; and among natural hybrids O. x Leeanl 
the only plant known, O. x excellens, O. x elegans, O. X Wilckeanum, # 
several varieties, O. x Andersonianum flavum, and many others. 4 

Of the species and varieties of the allied genus Miltonia, M. vexilaria® 
in great force in many fine forms, of which Leopoldi must be especia 
mentioned. The rare M. Endresii is successfully cultivated, also 
Roezlii, M. Phalznopsis, M. Warscewiczii, M. Schroederiana, still oT 
rare, and the most showy of the Brazilian species. Among Oncidiums a 


the rare O. Brunleesianum, Q. loxense, O. dasytyle, O. pubes, and maf} 
more. 


Continuing our review of the South American Orchidez ciate 
The Dell, we note among the Epidendrums, in addition to the show) 
species usually grown, E. myrianthum, E. pseud-epidendrum, E. Wallis 
E. Sceptrum, the hybrids E. x O’Brienianum and E. x dellense, 
last named raised here. Diacrium bicornutum, the curious Na? i 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 45 


Medusz and the rare Brassia Antherotes also claim attention, while the 
genera Anguloa, Lycaste, Maxillaria, Rodriguezia, Sobralia and Trichopilia, 
are all represented by the most appreciated species. 

And here we may notice the Masdevallias, before turning to the Indo- 
Malayan genera. Only those Masdevallias that are par excellence horti- 
cultural species and varieties are admitted into this collection. Of such the 
most brilliant varieties of M. coccinea (M. Lindeni and Harryana of 
gardens) and M. ignea hold a conspicuous place. Besides these are M. 
macrura, M. tovarensis, M. triangularis, M. Veitchiana, M. Ephippium, M. 
racemosa, the rare but free-growing M. Schrcederiana, the finest of the M. 
Chimera varieties, and allied species, as M. bella; also the hybrids M. x 
Chelsoni, M. x Courtauldiana, M. x Gairiana,and M. x Hincksiana. The 
whole group of Masdevallias at The Dell is in the finest cultural condition 
possible. : 

We must now glance through the Indo-Malayan genera. 

The great genus Dendrobium is represented by upwards of fifty natural 
species, of which we can only point out the very rarest to be seen in British 
collections, as D. Griffithianum and its variety Guibertianum, D. crepi- 
datum, D. Draconis, D. Harveyanum, D. longicornu, D. Lowii, D. Mac- 
carthie, D, rhodopterygium, the recently introduced D. Macfarlanei, D. 
lineale, D. atroviolaceum, the superb D. Phalenopsis, also D. superbum, 
varieties Burkei and Dearei. Among the rare hybrids are D. x splendid- 
issimum grandiflorum, D. x rhodostoma, D. x euosmum leucopterum 
and D. x Aspasia. 

We now take a rapid review of some of the Indian Vandew.. Among the 
Aérides are the extremely rare A. multiflorum Veitchii, A. Fieldingi 
Williamsii, A. suavissimum Ballantinei, A. Lawrencee Sanderianum, A. 
Quinquevulnera albiflorum, some of them quite unique. The genus Vanda 
itself is represented by grand specimens of the finest and most distinct 
varieties of V. tricolor and V. suavis, also by the following rare forms: V. 
Denisoniana hebraica, V. insignis Schroederiana, V. Parishii Marriottiana, 
V. teres candida, and others. In Rhynchostylis we find R, retusa Heathii, 
the only plant. Among Phalznopses are the phenomenal hybrid named 
John Seden, and of imported forms P. Aphrodite Dayana, P. amabilis. 
aurea, P. violacea Schreederiana, P. intermedia Brymeriana, &c. Space is 
afforded for Arachnanthe Cathcartii, A. Clarkei, A. Lowii, Renanthera. 
coccinea, R. matutina, Stauropsis lissochiloides (Batemanii) Cymbidum 
Lowianum, probably the largest specimen in Europe. Nor must we omit 
to mention Cymbidum Traceyanum, the only plant known, C. eburneum 
Parishii, and the very fine hybrid, C. x eburneo-Lowianum. 

Phaius and Calanthe are represented by all the most showy species. 
We must also note that remarkable hybrid between the two genera, Phaio- 
calanthe x Sedeniana, now finely in bloom. Among rare Coelogynes are 


46 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


C. Dayana, an extra fine plant, C. pandurata, C. tomentosa, C. ocel 
maxima, C. speciosa, varieties major and albicans. In connection wi aol 
group we ought not to omit mention of Chysis Limminghei and the hybil 
C. x Sedeni, both extremely rare. ae 
The collection is exceptionally rich in Cypripediums, for here 2 
located many rare hybrids and varieties, some unrepresented. elsewhet 
besides all that is excellent in the generally cultivated kinds, bothe 
Cypripedium and the allied South American. genus Selenipaam 
The first to claim our attention is the remarkable Cypripedium Ston: 
platyteenium, botanically a monstrosity, but in the estimation of amateit 
the acme of Cypripedium excellence. This variety is “concentrated ™® 
The Dell, that is to say, so many of the divisions of the original plant 
were obtainable by purchase have been acquired, and some of these furthe 
multiplied by division. Among other fine imported or natural forms a 
some splendid varieties of C. Lawrenceanum, including the albino nal 
Hyeanum, C. Argus nigro-maculatum (unique), C. insigne Sander, | 
Boxallii albo-marginatum, the rare C. Mastersianum, C. F airieanum and) 
Sanderianum ; also the recently introduced C. Chamberlainianum and ¢ 
xul. : | 2 
The hybrids are an embarrassing element when space is limited, wit q 

to mention and which to pass by becomes ah invidious task. We vent ; 


however, to rank the following among the very best from a florist’s point | 
view. Cypripedium x Morganiz, probably the finest specimen in ies | 
tion, and its variety burfordiense, C. x porphyrochlamys, very rare and i) 
distinct; C. x microchilum, C. x Aphrodite, C. x Aylingi, among * 
prettiest of which C. niveum has participated in the parentage; C. X ves 
larium, C. x H. Ballantine, and C. x Niobe, three beautiful forms of whi 
C. Fairieanum is one parent; C. x Antigone, C. x Adrastus, the 
plant raised in each case; C. X tessellatum porphyreum, C. x macropteni 
C. x Charles Canham, three y 


cm Germinyanum, C. x Godsefianum 


the same parentage as C. x cen 
of that greatly admired hybrid, 
Separate name, 

Among the Selenipediums 


sented by enormous Specimens, S. x ] 


hybrid we have seen, and the 
Sedeni candidulum, S. x Cleola, and:S..x Dominianum. ante” 

he possession of such an assemblage of all that is choice and | 
among Orchids must of itself induce the strictest attention to the cult 
requirements of the plants, and such, in fact, they receive. We beim 


anthum superbum, and is in reality a V4! | 
but so distinct that for garden use It bears? 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 47 


Baron is his own chef des cultures, being ably supported by his excellent 
gardener, Mr. Ballantine, and his assistant, Mr. Clark, who has special 
charge of the Orchids at The Dell. - ' 


NOTES ON ORCHIDS IN THE JUNGLE. 
By MAJOR-GENERAL E. S. BERKELEY. 


[nat the surroundings of Orchids have a very great influence on the 
quality of the plants and size of the blooms, and that we have conse- 
quently good and inferior varieties of many kinds, is now more generally 
known than formerly. 

Dendrobium crumenatum is a very good instance of this, being an Orchid 
very widely distributed, and therefore existing under many differing climatic 
conditions. Inland, in some parts of India, and generally in Burma 
(excluding the Malay Peninsula), the variety found is extremely small, the 
bottle-shaped portion of its stems being not more than two or three inches 
long, and the flowers very small. The Ceylon form is distinct and of fair 
size. The largest variety is that found on the Malay Peninsula, ‘and 
generally on every one of the hundreds of islands in the Malay Archi- 
pelago, including Sumatra, Java, Borneo, and the Philippines. This plant 
is a giant in comparison with the inland Burmese form, the thickened base 
of the pseudobulbs being a foot or more in length, and the plants often 
three feet to the top of the flowering stems. 

The cause of these differences is the result of the long-continued in- 
fluence of certain climatic conditions. The stunted plants found growing 
inland, in Burma, &c., have been affected by the dry seasons through which 
they have to pass. Those growing in Ceylon receive more moisture, and 
are, therefore, of a larger type. Those found in almost every island in the 
Eastern Seas are under the influence of rain and great heat, which exist 
practically throughout the year. If the various varieties are grown under 
glass in England, each still retains its distinctive character, so that any one 
acquainted with these plants in their native habitats could distinguish what 
district they came from. 

All the varieties have one peculiarity in common which is worthy of 
notice. Every plant in the same district is suddenly discovered to be in 
flower on the sanie day, but a few days later not a solitary flower remains. 
Very pretty they look when seen in quantity, growing on scrub jungle. 
Many a bush is found lit up with them, and their sweet scent pervades the 
air. They are not easily seen when out of flower, so that the quantity 
takes the traveller by surprise. It is a pity that the flowers last such a 
short time, as, being white and sweet-scented, they are very attractive. On 


48 THE ORCHID REVIEW. : 
observing them critically in the Malay Archipelago T found that the pla 
flowered throughout the year at intervals of about six ween i 
tremely abundant in Singapore, where it is known as the “ Pigeon Ona 
in allusion to the shape of its flowers. a 

The inland form found in Burma is not worth growing, both plantsai 
flowers being too small. The Ceylon and Malayan varieties are well a 
a place in the Orchid house, especially the Ceylon form, which | 
compact in habit. These plants are easy to grow, and thrive best in 
India house, in a teak-wood hanging basket. They require no restit, 
season. 4 


(To be continued.) 


CATTLEYA WARSCEWICZII AUTUMNALIS. 


CAaTTLEYA WARSCEWICzII (or C. gigas, as it was afterwards called) 
well known to be a summer flowerer; that is, its blooms are produced # 
the young growths, without an interval of rest. A plant in the collection’ 
Mr. F. L, Ames, of North Easton, Mass., U.S.A., has for several years! 
succession flowered in November and December, which gives it an enhantt | 
value for decorative purposes, After the growths are matured the i) 
rests for a considerable period, as in the case of C. labiata. This plant 
introduced by Messrs, Hugh Low & Co., of Clapton, and was purchased 
an imported C. Mendeli. Its characteristics are noted in Garden and fe 
for I8go, p. 114, It is interesting to record that a second plant has .% 
appeared, in the collection of W. G. Marshall, Esq,, Norton Manor, Taunt) 
Somerset, where it flowered in December last. 
the petals four inches long by three and three- 
as the sepals, of a light rosy mauve. 
crimson-purple, with a light rosy 
straw-coloured blotches, 
side lobes are rich crimso 
characteristics of C. War 


It is a magnificent th 
quarters broad, and, as. 
The front lobe of the lip is of the ne! 
mauve margin. In the throat are two ke 
which are yellow on the side nearest the disc. — 
n-purple at the tips, but paler behind. It has all 


Scewiczil, of which it must be considered an au o 


r plants, occasionally produce flowers out of se 
y check of some kind, but in the pres 
ter has become fixed. It may be a geographical ven 
Mendeli occurs on the eastern Cordillera of New Granada, fu 
north than C. Warscewiczii, and it is believed to have been imported 
the former, 


aa Ci: 


een ee ea eT NS 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 49 


CATTLEYA TRIANZ. 


Tuis handsome and popular Cattleya is now making a fine show, and a 
short account of it and its numerous varieties will therefore be specially 
appropriate at this season. 

-It is said to have been originally discovered by M. J. Linden, in 1842, 
near Fusagasuga, in the province of Cundinamarca, in New. Granada, 
though it was not until many years afterwards that his collector, M. Braam, 
sent living plants to Europe. In 1855 plants were offered for sale for the 
first time, but it was not described until 1860. It was, however, the late 
Mr. Rucker, of Wandsworth, who first introduced the plant into cultivation. 
As long ago as 1848 a plant was sent to him by a correspondent in:New 
Granada, which had been gathered in the valley of the Upper Magdalena 
River, which flowered in the following February. Dr. Lindley, to whom 
two flowers were sent, then gave it the name of C. quadricolor. Shortly 
afterwards it was mentioned in Paxton’s Flower Garden (vol. i. p. 6), but 
unfortunately no description appeared until 1864, when it had been succes- 
sively described as C. Trianz and C. Rollissonii. 

The species is spread over a large area in New Granada, between the 
second and fifth parallels of north latitude, and occurs on all three Cor- 
dilleras. It is very abundant in the Magdalena basin and certain other 
localities, and different collectors who have been in search .of the plant 
speak of its great beauty when seen in immense masses in its native home. 


They also report the extreme variability of its flowers as regards their 


coloration, a statement fully confirmed by the numerous plants now culti- 
vated in Europe. 

It is this extreme anabelity that constitutes one ae its preutent chased 
and its habit of flowering during the winter months gives it great value as 
a garden plant. A multitude of forms have received distinctive varietal 
names, and were it desirable it would be possible to extend the number 
ad infinitum. Many of these forms, however, represent individuals rather 
than varieties in the true sense, though some of them present a constancy 
of character throughout a series of plants, which, however, in some cases 
probably arises from the subdivision of one original piece. 

The typical form, or what may be considered as such, has the sepals and 
petals delicate rosy mauve, the side lobes of the lip somewhat similar, the 
front lobe bright purple-crimson,.and the. disc orange-yellow. The variety 
virginalis has pure white flowers, with the disc of the lip pale yellow, and 
much reduced in size. It is the purest white form known. The variety. 
alba differs in having the disc of the usual size and a small rosy-lilac blotch 
in front of the same. This and the preceding variety are sometimes con- 
founded together. Dodgsoni has also pure white sepals and petals, the 
front lobe of the lip magenta-purple bordered with lilac, the side lobes pale 

Mo. Bot. Garden, 
1894 


nie 
i" 
aa 


50 THE- ORCHID REVIEW. a 4 


amethyst-purple, and the disc orange striated with yellow. The vie 
splendidissima has also white segments and a very richly coloured lp 
The variety delicata has the sepals and petals flushed with very pal 
amethyst and a slightly darker lip with a pale yellow disc. Osmani hi 
sepals and petals of a delicate rosy mauve, the front lobe of the lip of th: 
richest crimson-purple, paler at the margin, and -the disc bright yello 
Russeliana is somewhat similar, but has a large portion of the side lobe 
deep crimson-purple. Backhousiana has an amethyst-purple stain near th 
tip of the petals, and the yellow disc of the lip reduced to a narrow batt 
on either side of which is a white blotch. Schroederiana has large lili 
flowers, with broad petals, and the front lobe of the lip deep purple. 
_Leéana is the largest form yet introduced, and has the peculiarity that th 
crimson-purple of the front lobe of the lip extends into the throat, alimos 
obliterating the characteristic yellow disc. _Hooleana has smaller, bit 
somewhat. similar, very richly coloured flowers. The variety striata | 
characterised by a broad irregular band running down the centre of tit 
sepals and petals. Massangeana has the segments irregularly veined wit 
lilac-mauve, and the lip also veined, but of deeper colour. . Finally, we m# 
note the variety chocoensis, the most fragrant form known, which has te 
peculiarity. that its flowers are never fully expanded. Numerous othe 
variations might be enumerated, but the above are the principal and on 
typical forms. Schrodere, formerly regarded as a variety of C. rian)? 
not here enumerated, being now generally considered different. 

_A list of the published figures of this handsome Cattleya will po 
be found useful for reference, and we here append it :— 

Cattleya Trianez, Linden & Rchb. f., in Bot. Zeit., xviii. p. 743 Re 
Hort., 1860, pp. 405-407, fig. 85, 86; Orch. Album, i., t. 45; The Garis 
XXll. p. 70, t. 346; Deutsche Gart. Zcit., 1886, p. 195, fig. 47, 48; Orci: 
phile, 1889, p. 209, with plate; id. , 1891, p. 81, with plate ; Le Jardin, x8y! 
p. 126, with plate. 4 
~ ©. quadricolor, Lindl. in Gard. Chron. ., 1864, p. 269; Bot. Mag. ih 
Ill. Hort., xiv., t. 514. 

Ci ane var. Trianz, Duchartre in alias Soc. d’Hort. Paris, 1 860) 
369, t. 13; Veitch Man. Orch., ii. pp. 24-26, with fig. : 

_ Var. alba, Lindenia, i. p. 63, t. 29. ; 

Var. Anne, Lindenia, i. p67; 4031. 

_ Var. Colemanni, Fi. Mag., n.s., 1875, % 176. i 
~ Var. delicata, Warn. Sel. Orch., i. t. 4, C. Rollissonii, T. Moore inf 
Mag.,.i. (1861), t. 8. : 

Var. Dodgsoni, Fi. Mag., n.s. , 1873, +t. 64; Orch. Album, vi. t. 249 : 

Var. Ernesti, Reichenbachia, i. p. Oo, t43, 

Var. formosa, Orch. Album, iii. t. 108. 

Var. Hooleana, Orch, Album, vi. t. oe 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. St 


Var. Madame R. Martin-Cahuzac, Lindenia, v. p. 79, te 230. 

Var. Massangeana, Orch. Album, vi. t. 242. 

Var. Osmani, Fl. Mag., n.s., 1879, t. 361; Warn. Sel. Orch., iii. t. 29. 
Var. pallida, Lindenia, v. p. 81, t. 231. 
Var. purpurata, Lindenia, v. p. 77, t. 229. 

Var. Russeliana, Orch. Album, v. t. 219. 

Var. Schroederiana, Reichenbachia, i. p. 105, t. 46. 
Var. splendidissima, Orch. Album, iv. t. 150. 

Var. striata, Lindenia, v. p. 83, t. 232. 


THE HYBRIDIST. 


CYPRIPEDIUM X LUTESCENS, Manda. 


TuIs is an interesting hybrid, raised in the establishment of Messis. Pitcher 
and Manda, United States Nurseries, Short Hills, New Jersey, U.S.A;, by 
crossing C. Spicerianum with the pollen of C. javanicum. It has now 
fiowered for the first time. The dorsal sepal is yellowish green, with a few 
faint lines of a darker shade; the petals yellowish green, suffused with lilac 
near their tips, and spotted all over with small purple-brown spots ; the lip 
rather long, green shaded with brown; and the staminode of a beautiful 
lilac shade. The leaves are tessellated with two shades of green.—Garden 
and Forest, December 14, 1892, p. 598. _ 


LYCASTE X SCHCENBRUNNENSIS. 


Lycaste is a genus in which few experiments seem to have been made by 
the hybridist, but a distinct and handsome cross flowered in October last in 
the Emperor of Austria’s collection at Schénbrunn, near Vienna. Lycaste 
Skinneri was one parent, and probably L. Schilleriana the other. The 
Sepals are oblong-lanceolate and acute, from 2} to 2% inches long, rose-pink, 
With a distinctly glaucous surface. The petals are yellowish white at the 
base, and suffused with light pink above, lanceolate-oblong, acute, and 
rather under two inches long, The three-lobed lip has a light yeHow 
ground, the crest and side lobes densely spotted and freckled with light 
purple-crimson ; the side lobes erect and rounded, the front one elliptical- 
ovate and obtuse, and the thickened callus linear, obtuse, and with rounded 
apex. The column is white, except at the base, which, together with its 
foot, is very deep purple-crimson. The flower reached us through Messrs. 
F. Sander and Co., of St. Albans. 


52 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 
PHALENOPSIS X INTERMEDIA, VAR, VESTA. 


In the hybridisation of Orchids the unexpected frequently happens, and 
especially has it been so in the present case. The beautiful Phalaenopsis x 
intermedia was long suspected to be a natural hybrid. between P. Aphrodite 
and P. rosea, and this was at length proved by Mr. Seden, by artificial 
crossing. He afterwards fertilised P. rosea, var. leucaspis, with the pollen | 
of P, Aphrodite, and the result is quite a distinct form of P. intermedia. 
P. rosea leucaspis differs from the type in having smaller flowers with 
shorter and broader segments, and the petals darker in colour than the 
sepals, and these characters are impressed on the hybrid, which differs from 
P. intermedia in much the same way. The flowers are smaller, the petals 
more distinctly rhomboidal, and the two teeth at the apex of the lip at 
straight, not curved inwards. The whole flower is of a lovely rose-purplé 
and as regards colour exceptionally distinct. This new acquisition was 
exhibited by Messrs. James Veitch and Sons at the meeting of the Royal 
Horticultural Society on January 17th last. | 


SELENIPEDIUM X PH&DRA. 


This is a new hybrid ‘raised by Messrs. James Veitch and Sons, 
Chelsea, and the first to flower, in which the stately S. Lindleyanum ¢ 
Mount Roraima is connected by hybridisation with its congeners of th 
Andean Cordilleras. S. x Sedeni candidulum was the seed-parent, and there 
fore three distinct species are concerned in the parentage ; and the resultits 
progeny is one of the handsomest hybrids in the genus. T he leaves a 
nearly as broad as in S. Lindleyanum and shorter than in S. x Sedeni, at! 
the flowers larger than in either parent. Dorsal sepal 14 inches Tons. 
oblong, obtuse, undulated at the margin, cream-white, mottled with light 
rose to two-thirds of its length ; lower sepal very broad, nearly SY 
orbicular, concave, yellowish white ; petals broadly linear, deflexed 2 
undulated, about three inches long, light rose-pink with a white medi 
line ; bp helmet-shaped, bright rose-pink, the unfolded lobes yellow 
white with a few crimson dots. Staminode yellowish white, fringed 
ee hairs at the back. It is a decided acquisition. It was awardel! 
First-class Certificate by the Royal Horticultural Society on January 7 


last. 


Sika 
Peete ree: frowns 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 53 


CALENDAR OF OPERATIONS FOR FEBRUARY. 
) By W. H. Wuire, Burford, Dorking. 


DuriInG the month of February the temperatures mentioned in our pre- 
ceding calendar should be maintained, allowing a slight rise with increasing 
sun heat. In ventilating the houses great care should be exercised to avoid 
draughts, as bright sunshine is often accompanied by very cold winds. A 
sharp look out must also be kept for insect pests, which must be kept in, 
check by the application of the necessary remedies. 

In the East Indian house plants of the beautiful winter-blooming Angraecum 
sesquipedale will be fast pushing from their stems a number of young fleshy 
roots; therefore if any plant requires more root room it must be attended 
to at once. If any have lost their lower leaves, leaving the stem bare, they 
may be cut down, and repotted, as last month advised for Aérides : using as 
small pots as possible. This Angraecums is a heat and moisture-loving 
species, so that the East Indian house is the proper place for it.. Place the 
plants in a shady position, and during the spring and summer months give 
abundance of water at the roots, after which the quantity should be gradually 
reduced, but not entirely withheld, as the roots do not appreciate dryness. 
Avoid keeping the plants in a saturated condition, or spot will assuredly 
make its appearance, but when the plants require water give them.a thorough 
Soaking. The foliage of Angreecums must be carefully sponged occasionally, 
as small yellow thrips are very partial to the young leaves. Every effort 
should be made to eradicate these pests. A little Scotch snuff or tobacco 
powder puffed down into the centre of the plant will drive them from their 
hiding-places, after which several slight fumigations may be given on 
alternate evenings, to complete their destruction. 

The elegant spring-flowering Platyclinis glumacea will by this time have 
made considerable progress with its young growths. The coolest-end of 
this house is the most suitable place for it, and the plants should be stood 
on inverted pots, to bring them as near the light as possible, until the 
flowers commence to open, when they may: be lowered, and placed in a 
prominent position, in order to show to perfection the exquisite beauty of 
this lovely Orchid. As the plants are now growing freely, and making a 
quantity of young roots from the flowering: growths, they must receive 
frequent waterings. Immediately the flowering period is over, the, plants 
Should be repotted, using equal parts of peat and chopped sphagnum, to 
Which add a moderate quantity of broken crocks. Any plants that have 
become bare may be broken up and put together again, as advised for 
Miltonias on a succeeding page. The species of Platyclinis are very subject 
to red spider ; it is therefore necessary to keep the under parts of the leaves 
well syringed during the hot days of summer. When growth is completed, the 


54° ' THE ORCHID REVIEW, 


it 
plants may be rested in the Cattleya house, and less water will be requitl 
at the roots. — 
Another Orchid now starting into growth is Dendrobium chry 
which delights in hot, moist treatment. This plant succeeds well sll 
grown in a teak basket, hanging close to the roof glass. If any of 
plants require re-basketing, or top-dressing, it should now be attended, 
allowing plenty of drainage, and about an inch of sphagnum moss only 
root into. Water must be very sparingly used until the young roots hate 
a firm hold, or the new growths will probably damp off. But when ti 
plant is in full growth liberal supplies may be given and continued until te 
flowers fade. The plant will then be at rest, and water should be | 
withheld. This variety should be kept in the East Indian house the W a 
year round. ; 
In the Cattleya or Intermediate house Cattleya gigas and C. Wi q 
will be starting into growth, and should be placed at the warmest end of: 
house, close to the roof glass; as it is very important to give them all : 
light possible at this season, in order to bloom them successfully. If sd 
sun be bright and powerful while the plants are making their growths, tht 
must be shaded with some thin material, to prevent the young leaves free 
being scorched and becoming unsightly. At first very little water $ ould 
given, but as the stems lengthen the amount may be eradually increase 
Avoid keeping the plants in a saturated condition; an occasional drying” 
the compost will keep it from getting sour, and thus prevent the | 
from decaying. When sufficiently dry give the plants a thorough soakiny 
and as the growths mature gradually reduce the amount of water until ae 
enough is given to prevent shrivelling. a 


To. 


He 
‘a 


Cattleya Dowiana and its variety aurea will also be grow!mé: 
requires a few degrees more heat than C. gigas: otherwise the above a 
tions will suit it admirably. — 

It is now the best time of year to examine some of the Mito 
M. spectabilis, and its variety, Moreliana, M. stellata, M. Bluntii, and ote 
and to give more root room to those that require it. Any of the plat ‘ibs 
have grown bare in the centre may be broken up, cutting away all uscie= ‘gith 
and dead roots. In repotting them, use shallow pans, well drained § a 
small pieces of broken bricks and cracks. Keep the plants well elevated “at 
the rim of the pot. Miltonias do not seem to appreciate peat, ta 
as the young roots touch it they rot off. Sphagnum moss mixed W 
broken pieces of crock suits them much better. After repotting, Pee 
With copper wire any pieces that be loose, as they will never succeed z 
firmly fixed. They should always be kept 
may be given when the flower- 
and shadiést part of the Cattle 


moderately moist, but more ™ 
spikes appear. Place the plants in the . 
ya house. - 
In this structure also Miltonia vexillaria and’ M. Schroederian@ | 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 55 


well when properly attended to. They will now be in full growth and 
require abundance of water at the root. If any plants of M. vexillaria show 
the least sign of becoming sickly, the young growths soft and weak, or the 
léaves spotted at their tips, it plainly shows the result of too much heat’ and 
moisture, and the plants must be removed to cooler quarters without delay, 
Give abundance of fresh air whenever possible. During the late severe 
weather, the thermometer registering 28° of frost, we kept the bottom 
ventilator directly under them slightly open, both by day and night, without 
the slightest injury to the plants, the: inside temperature being 53° F. 
Thrips are particularly fond of this species, and very quickly disfigure the 
foliage. The plants should be dipped into some safe insecticide at least once 
a fortnight. This, of course, must be done with discretion. Before dipping, 
the plants should be allowed to become moderately dry, so that when the 
operation is finished they may receive a thorough watering, to disperse any 
of the mixture that may have’ settled on the surface of the compost. I 
always make it a practice after dipping:each plant to immerse it into clean, 
tepid soft water; taking great care to shade the plants from the least sun- 
shine for a day or two. 

As the plants of Cypripedium villosum, C. Boxallii, C x Leeanum, C. 
insigne and its varieties, pass out of flower, they should be examined to see 
if repotting is necessary. Pot-bound plants should be given a liberal shift, 
into pots at least two sizes larger. Drainage to about one-third the depth 
of the pot will be sufficient, so that the water will pass away as through a 
Sieve. These species always require to be kept moist. They will root and 
grow freely in equal parts of lumpy peat and chopped moss ;_ pieces of crock 
about an inch square may be mixed in with it, which keeps the soil porous, 
and prevents it becoming sour. In repotting, do not elevate these plants 
above the rim of the pot, but keep the compost just below it. | Other 
Cypripediums as C. Spicerianum, C. Druryi, and C. x Winnianum, succeed 
much better when elevated above the rim. They also may be repotted as 
they pass out of flower. 

One of the most delightful of all Orchids when in bloom is Vanda 
Ceerulea. It is generally considered difficult to preserve in. a healthy, 
flourishing condition for many years together. The first two or three 
Seasons after importation, the plants grow and bloom fairly well, but after 
that period they usually become weaker, and slowly dwindle away altogether. 
We have yet much to learn respecting their successful cultivation. The 
best plan I know is to put them into teak baskets or tall cylinders, with 
crocks and sphagnum moss to root in, keeping the bottom leaves as near 
the moss as possible. During the winter months great care must be taken 
not to overwater the plants, or the foliage will quickly become spotted. 
Moderate Supplies every ten or twelve days will suffice, but during hot 
Weather water should be freely given. This species delights in abundance 


56 THE ORCHID REVIEW. ae 


of fresh air always, therefore suspend the plants close to the roof ventilatos 
in the Cattleya house during the growing season; when at rest the Mexica 

house will suit them better. ; _ a 
~ In the Mexican house Odontoglossum citrosmum will now be completely 
at rest. It is a plant well worthy of cultivation in every collection, beingd 
easy culture, and when in bloom makes a very effective display, with its long 
pendulous spikes hanging from the roof. Nota drop of water should,be given 
until the young growths are about an inch long, and the flower spikes make 
their appearance. The plants should then receive abundance of water, boti | 
at the roots and in the atmosphere. On bright, sunny afternoons, syringing 
the plants overhead will be very beneficial to them. Immediately th 
_ young flower-spikes are seen making their Way up, a piece of wadding 
should be wrapped round them, to protect them from woodlice and slug, 
which are very partial to them. This will effectually keep off these destrue ; 
tive pests. A good way to trap woodlice is to cut a potato in half, hollowing 


the pieces in the centre, then lay them on the compost, and examine both 
night and morning. 


In the Cool house attention must be paid to watering and ventilation, 
and the keeping of insect ‘pests in check, as previously recommendet 
Many of the Odontoglossums will be pushing up their spikes, which show 
be protected by a piece of wadding at the base. ; ae 

Odontoglossum coronarium and O. miniatum are both strong-growi 
species, which will succeed at the coolest end of this house. Their roots di 
not thrive well in peat ; 
much better. I have noticed th 
have a blackish appearance, 
they are white and fresh, las 
narium, being a scandant 
baskets, 


at when grown in peat and moss the 1008 
and soon decay, whereas in moss and croc 
ting in good condition much longer. 0. ca 
grower, should be placed in long narrow sy 


devallia, as M. Harryana, M. ignea, and ; 
will require very careful watering during severe and ¢ A; 
weather, keeping the plants comparatively dry, both at the roots and in 
atmosphere. If the house in which they are grown be naturally moist litt 
or no damping down will be necessary. = 


The cooler species of Mas 
M. caudata group, 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 57 


ORCHID PORTRAITS. 


: BOTANICAL MAGAZINE. 
Two Orchids are figured in the January number of this work :— 
EPIDENDRUM SPONDIADUM, Rchb. f., a species discovered many years 
ago by Warscewicz, in Costa Rica, where it grows upon the Spondias tree, 
and now re-discovered in Jamaica, where it is said to be rare, and apparently 
confined to elevations of about four thousand feet on the Blue Mountains. 
It is allied to E. variegatum, Hook., and has light green flowers, with a 
large dull purple disc to each segment. It flowered at Kew; t. 7273. 
CYPRIPEDIUM FASCICULATUM, Kellogg, VAR. PUSILLUM, Hook. f. This is 
the C. pusillum, Rolfe in Kew Bulletin, 1892, p. 211, reported to be a native 
of Florida, but now referred as a variety of the Californian C. fasciculatum, 
Kellogg, notwithstanding its numerous differences. It is a small species, 
about four to five inches high, with two leaves, and three to five light 
yellowisli-green flowers striped with purple-brown. ‘The species flowered 
at Kew in May, 1892, also with H. J. Elwes, Esq., of Colesborne Park, 
Cheltenham, and with Messrs. Sander & Co., of St. Albans. In a note on 
the section Diphyliz C. guttatum is | omitted, and C. Henryi WhGney 
included ; t. 7275; 


JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE. 


CATTLEYA LABIATA ALBA, an excellent woodcut of a single flower of this 
chaste and beautiful Cattleya; January 12th, p. 23, fig. 4- 


_LINDENIA. 

The January a aS contains : =: 

CATTLEYA ALEXANDR&, L. Lind. and Rolfe, vAR. TENEBROSA, Rolfe, a 
handsome variety with dark purple-brown segments; t. 357- 

‘CATTLEYA ALEXANDR#, L. Lind. and Rolfe, VAR. ELEGANS, Rolfe, a 
very distinct and beautiful variety with rosy segments, and the side lobes of 
the lip enlarged, reflexed, and deep rose-colour at the tip. The history and 
affinities of this remarkable Cattleya are here given; t. 358. 

ODonToGLossuM INSLEAYI, Lindl., VAR. IMSCHOOTIANUM, a handsome 
yellow variety in which most of the dark markings have vanished, except 
found the margin of the lip; t. 359. 

CyPRIPEDIUM x Leona#, L. Lind, a large and handsome hybrid derived 
from C, insigne Chantini fertilised with the pollen of C. callosum, and much 
like an improved form of C. x Ashburtoniz. It is dedicated to Mrs. Leon, 
wife of H. S. Leon, Esq., M.P., of Bletchley Park; t. 360. 


58 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


ORCHID ALBUM. 
The last part of this work contains :— 


LISSOCHILUS GIGANTEUS, Welw., a remarkable and handsome g ci 
from the Congo, introduced to cultivation by Messrs. Linden of Brusth 
and flowered for the first time in Europe in the collection of Sir Trt 
Lawrence, at Burford, Dorking, in 1888. It grows in marshy places 
the river banks in masses, flowering in profusion, its scapes sometin 
attaining a height of sixteen feet ; t. 457. | 4 

DENDROBIUM CRASSINODE, Rchb. f., VAR. ALBUM, a rare and cha 
variety, its flowers white with a yellow disc; t, 458. a 

CaELOGYNE LACTEA, Rchb. f., a pretty Burmese species introduc 
Messrs. B. S. Williams & Son, about ten years ago. It has cream 
flowers with some yellow and brown markings on the lip; t. 459. | a 
, ODONTOGLOSSUM TRIUMPHANS, Rchb. f., VAR. AUREUM, a handsome : 
yellow variety, in which the chestnut-brown markings have vanished, a 
thus analogous to O, luteopurpureum Vuylstekeanum. . It flowered in te 
collection of A. H. Smee, Esq., of The Grange, Carshalton ; t. 460. a 


REICHENBACHIA. x 
The last issued part of this work commences Volume II. of the set 
Series. It contains the following :— i 


CATTLEYA LaBiaTa, Lindl. The history of the re-introduction of th 
handsome autumn flowering Cattleya, which has been the subject of 
much controversy, is here given. It is remarkable that its Pernambie 
habitat should have remained so long undiscovered ; p. I, t. 49- oui 

DENDROBIUM x VeENus, Rolfe, a very handsome hybrid from yy 
Falconeri ? and D. nobile f, raised in the collection of Norman C. C00 
Esq., of Oakwood, Wylam-on-Tyne ; p. 5, %. 50, Hw I. H 

DENDROBIUM x CassiopE, Rolfe, a charming little hybrid raised from® 
moniliforme (D. japonicum) and D. nobile albiflorum @, in the same % 
tion as the last named ; p. 5, t. 50, fir. 2. 

SELENIPEDIUM x SEDENI, Rchb., f, VAR. WEIDLICHIANUM; Hott» 
handsome and floriferous variety raised in the same collection as the 


preceding ; p. 7, t. 51. 4 
CATTLEYA LABIATA Mossi REINECKIANA; Rchb. f., a handsome ™ 


with pure white flowers and the disc of the lip beautifully veined ™ 
crimson; p.Q, t. 52. rae 


REVUE DE L'HORTICULTURE BELGE ET ETRANGERE: 
Th t : : ing? 
€ January number contains a coloured plate of the following -~ 


ee x ALBERTIANUM, Hye, a handsome hybrid raised 10” 
ection of M. Jules Hye, of Gand, from C, Spicerianum fertilised with? 


ee od a 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 59 


pollen of C. insigne Wallacei. It was awarded a gold medal by the Société 
Royale d’Agriculture et de botanique of Gand, in November last. It is in 
reality a large and brightly coloured variety of C. x Leeanum; p. 3, with 
plate. 

‘ —— oe 


CYNORCHIS GRANDIFLORA. 

Less than a year ago Messrs. W. L. Lewis and Co., of Southgate, were 
fortunate enough to flower the interesting Disa incarnata, Lindl., a Mada- 
gascar species described upwards of half a century before. And now 
another remarkable plant from the same country has also flowered with 
them, probably for the first time in Europe. It is Cynorchis grandiflora, 
Ridley, the largest-flowered representative of a genus closely allied to 
Habenaria. It grows from eight inches toa foot high, and bears two or 
three narrow leaves at its base. The scape is one- or two-flowered, and, 
together with the bracts and sepals, bears a number of large oblong purple- 
brown blotches. The sepals and petals are narrow and connivent, about an 
inch long, pale green, and greatly exceeded by the large four-lobed lip. The 
spur is about an inch and three-quarters long, the apical half somewhat 
swollen and filled with nectar. The lip is very light purple, but both white 
and purple varieties have been described. It grows on damp rocks on the 
highlands of Central Madagascar, at about 4,000 to 5,000 feet elevation. It 
was exhibited at the meeting of the Royal Horticultural Society on January. 
17th last, and was awarded a Botanical Certificate. 


Cynorchis grandiflora, Ridley in Journ. Linn. Soc.,xx. p. 332+ 


CYPRIPEDIUM =x POLYSTIGMATICUM, 


This hybrid has been raised on at least three different occasions, the’ 
Parents being C. venustum and C. Spicerianum. First it appeared in 
the collection of R. H. Measures, Esq., The Woodlands, Streatham ; 
then with D. O. Drewett, Esq., of Riding, Mill-on-Tyne; and now in the 
collection of W. Vanner, Esc., Cambden Wood, Chislehurst. In the two 
latter cases, and probably in the former one also, C. Spicerianum was the 
pollen parent. It possesses an unmistakable combination of characters 
ot the two parent species. The dorsal sepal is veined with green and 
broadly bordered with white; the petals yellowish-green at the base with 
numerous small dusky brown spots anda darker mid-line, the upper part 
reddish-brown, the lip less distinctly veined than in C. venustum, and the 
Staminode tinged with light purple and reticulated in the centre with green. 
It varies a little ; those forms in which the characters of C. Spicerianum 
are conspicuous, being the most attractive. : 

Cypripedium x polystigmaticum, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron., 1888, ii. p. 407. me 
Cc. x venusto-Spicerianum, O’Brien in Gard. Chron., 1889, i. p- 394.” ak ct 


60 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


ORCHIDS AT ‘THE ROYAL HORTICULTURAL 
SOCIETY. 


By JOHN WEATHERS. 


NoTWITHSTANDING a wretchedly wet and snowy day, there was a good 
display of Orchids at the last Floral Meeting of the Society, held on ee 
rth, in the Drill Hall, James Street, Westminster. 
A magnificent specimen of Cycnoches pentadactylon, with about 250 
flowers, borne on ten drooping racemes, was exhibited by W. W. Mann, 
Esq., of Ravenswood, Bexley (gr. Mr. J. Simmon), and received a First 
class Certificate, as a mark of the high esteem in which the Orchid Com 
mittee regarded it.. It may be mentioned that one pseudobulb. bore five | 
spikes, another three, and another two. The sepals and petals are semt 
transparent, with blotches of deep purple brown, the column long, slender, 
and arching, like a swan’s neck, and the small lip reduced .to five narrow 
lobes. . 
C. Ingram, Esq., Elstead, Godalming (gr. Mr. T. W. Bond), exhibitet 
a variety of Cypripedium Lindleyanum, called superbum, with pale rost 
flowers. 
Reginald Young, Esq., Linnet Seal Liverpool, sent some deepal colouré 
flowers of Lelia anceps plumosa, hoticeable for the featheriness of the colout 
in the front of the lip. 
From the Botancial Gardens, Glasnevin, Dublin, Mr. F. W. Moore, the 
curator, sent two spikes of the remarkable Bulbophyllum comosum, 4 nati . 
of Eastern Burma, which received a Botanical Certificate. The oe od | 
nearly white, and fringed with short hairs. ) 
Messrs. W. L. Lewis and Co., Chase Side, Southgate, exhibited Cynorcis j 
grandiflora, a Madagascar Orchid new to cultivation, which obtained * 
Botanical Certificate. The upper sepal and petals are pale green blotete! | 
with red ; the lip is divided into four lobes, and is of a soft purple-pink, ™ 
from the base descends a spur about two inches long. Spikes of the orange 
red Disa incarata, which received a Botanical Certificate in March, 1892, We 
also exhibited by this firm. ‘ 
‘Messrs. Hugh Low and Co., ane staged a small group, te 
dominating feature being several anes in bloom of the pretty Sacco’ 
bellinum, which received a First-class Certificate in 1885. 1 
Among the group of plants exhibited by Messrs. F. Sander and scl 
Albans, were the dusky flowered Pleurothallis ornatus, with dark P™ af 
spots on the surface, and oscillating white hairs on the margins of ay 
segments. A large flowered form of the brown and yellow Bulbophyl# 4 
(Sarcopoditim) Godseffianum (certificated in 18go) ; the orange-fo 


_ THE. ORCHID REVIEW. 61 


Masdevallia x Kimballiana (M. Veitchii 2 x M. Shuttleworthii 7); M. x 
Hincksiana, and a few good Cypripediums, were also shown. 

Messrs. J. Veitch and Sons, Chelsea, exhibited a group which was 
remarkable for the many novelties it contained. Cypripedium x Penelaus 
(C. x caluram $ x C. caudatum Lindeni g) received a First-class Certi- 
ficate. This hybrid, like C. x macrochilum, which was also exhibited, is 
peculiar in having the pouchless form of C. caudatum as one of its parents. 
Two flowers were borne on the same scape, but were quite distinct from 
each other, the upper one being smaller, with shorter tails and to a great 
extent devoid of the deep purple colouring which was present in the lower 
bloom. The difference in age would probably account for this. Cypripedium 
x Phedra (C. x Sedeni-candidulum ¢ x C. Lindleyanum ¢), a hybrid with 
cream and rose flowers also received a First-class Certificate. C. x Ger- 
minyanum (C. villosum ? x C. hirsutissimum ), which received a First-class 
Certificate in February, 890, was inadvertently given an Awardof Merit on 
this occasion. Other noteworthy Cypripediums in this group were Cx 
Godsefianum (C. Boxalli2xC. hirsutissimum 2); C.x Lathamianum (C. 
Spicerianum ? x C. x villosumf), C. x Creon (C. x Harrisianum superbum 2x 
C.x cenanthum superbum ¢); C.x Zson (C. insigne $x C. Druryid), a form 
but slightly. removed from C. insigne; and C.x Orion, a distinct cross 
between C. insigne f and C. concolor ft, having a large whitish upper sepal, 
washed with pale yellow and lined with purple spots, the petals and lip 
creamy yellow with washes and spots of purple. The chief attraction, how 
ever, in the group was a fine strong plant of Calanthe x gigas (C. vestita 
gigantea ? x C. x Sanderiana gigantea f ) which received a First-class Certi- 
ficate. The scape was about 3} feet high, and had fourteen large flowers, . 
fully expanded, the sepals and petals cream-colour, and the lip deep rose, 
while about a dozen others were in bud. Zygocolax x Veitchii (Zygopetalum 
crinitum 2 x Colax jugosus $), which had already been certificated in 1887, 
Was shown, the blooms being somewhat similar to those of Z. x leopardinus, 
€xcept that the lip had violet lines running over the surface. Phalenopis x 
Vesta (P. Aphrodite 2? x C. rosea leucaspis f) with rose-speckled flowers, and 
the hybrid: Epidendrum x Endresio- Wallisii were also included. 4a 

Messrs. B. S. Williams and Son, Upper Holloway, N., were awarded a 
Silver Banksian medal for a group in which Cypripediums, Lelia anceps 
Stella, Cattleya Percivaliana, Miltonia Roezlii, and Odontoglossum x elegans 
(a “natural hybrid between O. cirrkosum and O. Hallii) were chiefly 
Conspicuous, * : : 

~ The next meeting of the Society will be held on February r4th. A 
omplete list of ‘plants, flowers, fruits, vegetables, &c., certificated by the 
Society from 1859 to the end of December, 1892, has just been issued. The 
Orchids have Teceived -special’ attention, and the parentage of all hybrids 
has been inserted in the list, for convenience of reference. : 


2 . THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


CONTINENTAL NOTES. 


‘By CH. DE BOSSCHERE. 


OWING to the excessive cold the monthly meetings of the Chambre 
-syndicale des horticulteurs belges, and the Société Royale d’Agriculture 
et de Botanique of Gand, and of the Orchidéene, of Brussels, all had to be 
abandoned. A considerable number of showy Orchids, however, are in 
flower in the collections of the various amateur and professional growers. 

Several important collections are situated at Ghent. That of M. Alfred 
Van Imschoot is one of the most representative. This gentleman isnot — 
content to limit himself to the species and varieties commonly grown, but 
has a large number of botanical curiosities in addition. Many interesting 
‘species are now in flower. In the cool house we may note—a beautiful . 
variety of Odontoglossum ramosissimum; O. x Jenningsianum parcigutta 
tum ; a richly coloured form of Oncidium cucullatum Phalzenopsis ; a well | 
bloomed plant of Amblostoma tridactylum; the bright rose Masdevallia 
-Barleana, and its offspring with M. Veitchiana, the elegant M. x Parla 
toreana. In the warm house the number of flowering species is greatet, 
and includes—Oncidium splendidum, a fine panicle of about 35 flowers; 
Brassia Lawrenceana longissima, one of the most beautiful of the genus; 
Zygopetalum brachypetalum, and the elegant Z. graminifolium ; the | 
-rare Phalaenopsis Micholitzii, with its charming cream-coloured flowers; — 
-and many commoner things. | 

In the collection of M. Jules Hye-Leyssen, noted for its excellent 
culture, Odontoglossum amabile, O. Chestertoni, and O. guttatum splendi- 7 
dum are in flower; also a second example of the beautiful Cypripedium * © 
Albertianum, and a fine plant of C.-x Charles Canham, with seve? © 
immense flowers, certainly of the finest hybrids yet raised. | 

In the establishment of M. Edward Pynaert Van Geert the beautiful | 
‘Cypripedium Chamberlainianum is in flower, and a handsome variety © — 
C. x Charles Canham with flowers striped like those of C. x Dauthiet 
-Marmoratum., ; 

M. Charles Vuylsteke, of Loochristy, has a valuable collection containins 
‘many beautiful and ‘rare varieties of Odontoglossum; also many hybmit | 
Cypripediums. Four interesting novelties flowered for the first time ® | 
December last, of which further particulars must be deferred for the i 
_present. : 5 
: In the Brussels collections are several things worthy of mention. ie ® | 
the State Botanic Garden, under the care of M. L. Lubbers, we observ — 
‘the twe rare Maxillarias, ‘longissima and pentura, described long ago by 
Dr. Lindley, also a new and interesting hybrid Cypripedium. : 


| THE ORCHID REVIEW, 63 


In the establishment of M. A, A. Peeters we noted—a pure white form of 
Lelia albida; Cypripedium x Sallieri Hyeanum with ten flowers; C. x 
Charles Canham; C. x Ashburtoniz expansum ; and a good plant of Odon- 
toglossum aspersuin with ten flowers. 

At the Horticulture Internationale more than 120 species and varieties 
are in flower, including the new Cattleya Alexandre and its varieties 
tenebrosa and elegans; the remarkable Mormodes Rolfeanum, also M. 
buccinator varieties aurantiacum and citrinum; Cirrhopetalums Master- 
sianum and Amesianum: the new Oncidium cristatum; a fine plant 
covered with its graceful racemes of Platyclinis glumacea; Vanda tricolor 
planilabris ; numerous beautiful forms of Odontoglossum, Dendrobium, and 
Cypripedium, including some new hybrids of the latter; and a variety of 
other things. 


CATTLEYA IRICOLOR. 


The origin of this very rare but distinct Cattleya still remains a mystery. 
It was described upwards of eighteen years ago by Professor Reichenbach 
(Gardeners’ Chronicle, 1874, ii. p. 162), on the occasion of its flowering with 
Messrs. Veitch, of Chelsea. The only known plant was. acquired at one 
of the Orchid sales at Stevens’ Rooms, where it was sold without a specific 
name and without any note of its origin. It afterwards passed_into the 
collection of Baron Schréder, of The Dell, near Windsor, where it flowered 
last summer. It is a smaller plant than most Cattleyas of the labiata 
group, being under a foot high. The raceme bore three flowers, with cream- 
white sepals and petals just over two inches long, and a cream-white 
lip with a W-shaped yellow marking across the middle, on either side 
of which are several maroon-purple stripes running across the lip in a 
transverse band. The anther case is very singular in shape, being flat on 
the top and much broader at this point than elsewhere. Though much 
larger than C. luteola, it is evidently allied to it on the one hand, and to 
C. Rex on the other. It has been used for hybridisation purposes, as 
©. x Philo and C. x Philo albiflora were both partly derived from it, the 
Parentage being C. Mossie 2 x C. iricolor ¢. Some day the habitat of 
this very distinct Cattleya may be discovered. 


64 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


“THE GAND INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION 


WE have received the programme of the Thirteenth International Exht 
bition of the Société Royale d’Agriculture et de Botanique de Gand, to b 
held from April 16th to 23rd next. Classes 18 to gt are set apart: fo 
Orchids, and numerous Gold and Silver Medals are offered for collectionse 
cut flowers, for single specimens of all the important garden genera, including 
novelties, both species and hybrids, and for numerous collections of varie 

kinds, as Cattleya and Lelia, Cypripedium and Selenipedium, Masdevalh 
Dendrobium, Odontoglossum, Vanda and its allies, and others. cn 
set apart for amateurs and nurserymen. Entries close on March 7 
and full particulars may be obtained from the Secretary, M. E. Fics “ 
Gand. 4 


_ REPLIES TO CORRESPONDENTS. 


C. de B.—Many thanks. ‘a 

W. L., Hapton. = Paltocasienere x Sedeniana rosea, a handsome variety ; next mo 4 

J. W., Ryde.—Your suggestion is a good one, and, as you will see, is being a 
upon. be 

F,:F, , Argenteuil. —The two flowers have not yet reached us. 

W. H. P.—The capital T in Schomburgkia Tibicinis is not incorrect, though not d ie 
thus written. It means, literally, The Trumpeter’s Schomburgkia, in reference to the 
thatin Honduras the hollow pseudobulbs are used by native children as horns. The in a: 
capital is generally used in substantive names. 

W. W. M.—Many thanks for portrait ; next month. 


et ERRATA, 

P. 7, line 8 from bottom, for “ Howard” read “ Holbrook.” 

P. 14, line 8.—It has been pointed out to us that Mr. White did on immediate u co 
the late J. C. Spyers in charge of the Burford collection, the interval being filled by Mess 
Baxter and Bickerstaff, successively, : 

P. 19, line 7, for  Foerstermanii” read “ Fcerstermanni.” 

P. 19, line 9, ‘‘ Angzecum” read “ Angrecum.” 

P. 21, line 10 from bottom, for “ Islington” read “ Ilsington. ” 

P. 30, line 15 from bottom, for * W. Wells” read “M. Wells.” _ 


SANDER 


HAS 2 ILE 


LARGEST & BEST 


STOCK OF 


ORCHIDS 


IN THE WORLD. 


F Sander & Co., St. Albans. 


ORCHIDS! 
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ESTABLISHED & IMPORTED, 


INSPECTION CORDIALLY INVITED. 


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Upper Clapton, 
mia 


CHOICE ORCHIDS. 


MANY THOUSANDS OF 


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TO SELECT FROM. 


WILLIAM BULL, F.L.S. 


H‘S * eat large = a so Ae! ORC HIDS, an _ they are at 
terest in Orchi s vin te gd Saar = 
ORCHIDS ¢ 
Seach 

By se nding n Names of thosea 
can be give 

for Neen 
oncyeetand Tlustrz 9a Catalogue of NEW PLANTS and 
can be had « sop: alication, price 1/- 
LLIAM BULL, rE - S.; 


ESTABLISHMENT FoR 


336, KING'S ROAD, CHELSEA, “LONDON SM 


J. WEEKS & CO., 


Sorticnltural guibsers 
ie — Majesty, HR.H the Prince of Wales, 
ois tr Admiralty Dept., War Dept.. 
- 80C. tag Botanic Soc., Parks and 
Buildings. 


iking 


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can be supplied at 5/-, 7/6, and 

a eat ady possess ne rec sae thagpaiens 
a pr cal nis wil have a good selection made 


P 
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BD SEA, S.wW. 


CAD, CHELS 


ENDR OB cheat RUENTU 


— Orchid Album, 
299. Td. 


Yate 174. Polyphlebium, Plate 
sulcatum, Thrissperiaum Berkeleyi, Plate 436, anc 
other very rare ORCHIDS cued by General 
Berkeley. - For particulars apply to him, Spetchley 


House; Bitterne, Southampton. 


a cere 


RCI Many rare and choice prin 
Denk pou: a ee pe a 

Inspection invited. Plea ite for Lis 

as € O:, F, R. TL. S.. Chase Side 


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Southgate, (siden N. 


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€ specie a specia 


RCHIDS.—New. and rar 
demonic jue -free on 


feature. Catalogue 
Baie 

GER anp TROOP, 

E west ‘ous ich, London, S.E. 


ORCHID PEAT. 
se anole 12/6 per sack ;. Second Quality, 10/6 
ack. Prepared, beaten, clean ed, and dry. 
"AZALEA AND CAMELLIA PEAT. 
Prepared, &c., 8/6 per sack. 
ATH AND OTHER PEAT, 5/- per sack. 
All Carriage Paid to any Railway Station in England. 
OOLE 
EDWARD L. SMITH, 
fils locragt APHER to the *‘ ORCHID REVIEW.’ 4: 
SCAPE PHOTOGRAPHY AND PORTRAITURE 
tter’s own residence, by appointment. 


rednce 


Ltd., Orchid Nursery, 


pen 


at Si 

avery description of photograph c 

enlan ged, in sily 
paceman 


opied ed OF 


A SPEC - 
L. Smith, 12,  Sandycool Road, Ken Garters 3 


ver or platino itt and the best results 


ae L’Hor ticulture Internationale” 


(LIMITED)—LINDEN— 


LEOPOLD PARK, BRUSSELS, BELGIUM, 


ORCHID EMPORIUM. 


Che Grandest Choice of Orchids in Giurope, 


AN UNIQUE SPECTACLE IN THE WORLD. 


Board of Direction of “L’HORTICULTURE INTERNATIONALE”— 
PRESIDENT—J. DE L. DS pats EsqQ., late Governor-General of the Dutch Possessions in India. 
Deruty-Dikector—J. LINDEN, Eso., Honorary Consul-General. 
> Recents ARON DE ‘BL EICHRODER, H.M. of Great Britain Consul-General ; Banker in Berlin 

OUNT ADRIEN D’OULTREMONT, M-P. for Belgium. 
; ‘agers ARD OTLET, Esq., Landed Proprietor in Brussels. 
VAROCQUE, Eso., M. P. ag Belgium ; President of ‘‘ L?ORCHIDEENNE.”’ 
MANAGING See roR—LUCIEN LIND , Esq., President of the Brussels Horticultural Board of 
Commerce, 
FUNCK, Esq., late Manager of the Zoological Gardens in Brussels and Cologne. 
G. JORIS, Esq., Solicitor in Brussels. 


COMMISSIONERS—N, 


** No one can fail to be struck with the ADMIRAB 
characterise the Plant-Houses of L’Ho 
—— eners’ Chronicle, October 24, 1891. 


LE CLEANLINESS, : Orie: and ARRANGEMENT which 
ORTICULTURE INTERNATIONALE.” — Sir TREVOR LAWRENCE, @ 


** The N vurserysis a gigantic drawing-room, for it teems with beautiful objects, which may be inspected 
with perfect ease and enjoyment. In my neni THis NURSERY Is ONE OF THE VERY Best of the maty 
attractions which the beautiful town of Brus: offers to visitors. . . .. To those who want to look atm oe 
best Orchids grown, as only a few can grow them, I wourp icant A VISIT TO Messrs. LINDERS? 
ESTABLISHMEN *L’Horticuture IN NTERNATIONALE.’ ALTOGETHER, THIS NURSERY IS ONE OF Ti 


Most oot AS WELE As ONE OF THE Most DELIGHTFUL TO BE FOUND IN EUROPE. "Gani 
and Forest, May 27, 1891. 


= IMPORTANT NOTICE. =A 

offer to each Visitor to our FE 

as will cover the ex; 
ao 


stablishment who purchases to the amount of £50, a discount of fy 

enses of the journey to’ Brussels Ar Immense Stock at hand, and continuous Re 

, enable us to make this exceptional reduction 2s 
Visit to our ene pcoreagg will prove most Sata: and instructive. Amateurs and Orchid- gone 

will 1 find at L’Horrict NTERNATIONALE a wonderful and Immense Stock of Orchids, grow® gS 

CHEAPER THAN ELSEWHERE. 


ORCHIDS A GRAND SPECIALITY. ORCHIDS, ESTABLISHED AND IMPORTED 
ORCHIDS FOR THE TRADE NEW AND RARE ORCHIDS. 


perfection, and 50 PER cent, 


THE LARGEST AND BEST ‘STOCK OF ORCHIDS IN CULTIVATION 
48 PLANT- BOUSES OF y ORCHIDS. 


For CATALOGUES . iibed SPECIAL | OFFERS, apply to 


Messrs. LINDEN, L’Horticulture Internationale, BRUSSELS, pea 


OR TO OUR AGENT FOR THE UNITED KINGDOM, 


MR. P. WEATHERS, POPLAR VILLA, SOUTHGATE, LONGON, N 


wi 


MARCH, 1893. 


Contents. 
PAGE 
The Hybridist .. 
PSshareee x Dirtortienee 
e x Sedeniana rosea ... 


NOTICES. 


‘The ORCHID REVIEW will be published regularly on the first of each month, 
The riage invite short communications on interesting subjects, also portraits, | 
, Of rariti : 
“all Reaieecatiis (except wholesale orders), and Books for review, should be 

ed :—The Eprror oF THE OrcHIp Review, 54, Hatton Garden, London, EC, 
and should be sent as early in the month as possible. 


SCALE OF CHARGES FOR ADVERTISEMENTS. 


— 


4 ee 
Five lines and under in column . i : ; . 0 3:34. 
Per line after. ve ~. O-658 
One-eighth column 050 
- Quarter column or he-sielth page : : : 0 oe 
Half column or quarter page nce Pee — , oe 
One column or half page 5 : 5 k 1206 
: , A i ‘ 3 OF 
Cheques and Postal Orders should be made payable to FRANK LESLIE, and, to } 


regi in transit, should be crossed “& Co. 


. species and varieties in cultivation, their origin, Botanical Hi 


Cy Cc: 
teurs peg baneterar of exotic Orchids with a gr account of the go i. 
contained in the ae hitherto in u ~ 
he last quarter o : ntury, resulting Sante the increased taste. eae 
ts, has in fake opinion, created the desideratumt sh ; 


of Orchids a t present in cultivation, and to which additions are - 
‘fetal “bybrigiation, Lase ve labour attending the compilation of a M: 
emand much tim 


lesan | ‘sak; in Att each art soumnincg & monograph of the ¢ 
tant ee. or of a group of gen = fy 


Se 


: No 
I, ODONTOGLossuUM. Price, 7 
I.—CATTLEYA and LEL 

BI 


d, 
genera. "Pric ice, ca 6d. ; by post, 78. 94. 
. 6d. ; by post, 1 ° 
IDES, VANDA, phe ‘Rie ros. 6d. ; by Pc 
_ Price, ros. 6d. ; by post, tos. gd. 


: een LYCASTE, &c. _ Crear yr 
— me ORCHIDE® (Zo _—— the We hia 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


Vou. 1] MARCH, 1893. [No. 3. 


NOTES. 


Tue Royal Horticultural Society will hold two meetings during the present 
month, on the 14th and 28th respectively, when the Orchid Committee will 
meet at twelve o’clock, noon, to adjudicate upon the various Orchids 
exhibited. 


The January number of the Kew Bulletin (issued early in February) 
contains a fourth decade of New Orchids, which are more particularly 
noticed on another page of our present issue. 


Several Orchid Sales are announced, The duplicate specimens of the 
celebrated Pickering Lodge Collection, Timperley, near Manchester, are to 
be disposed of on the premises, by Messrs. Protheroe and Morris, on 

March 8th and gth. On the 11th the second portion of the Fernside 
Collection is to be sold at the Central Sale Rooms of the same firm. And 
on April 11th and following days the Quorn House Collection, near Lough- 
borough, will come under the hammer. 


The Plant of the beautiful Cymbidium grandiflorum for which Messrs. 

- Ross and Co., of Merstham, received a First-class Certificate from the 
Royal Horticultural Society on February 14th was three days later offered 
' Sale at Messrs. Protheroe and Morris’ Rooms, and after a spirited 


= ipet etition was secured by Messrs. James Veitch and Sons for the sum 
of fifty-four guineas. 


= Collection of D. Tod, Esq., Eastwood Park, near Glasgow. It bears six 


: Spikes and 1,180 of its beautiful violet-purple flowers. The bulbs 
si Inches high by half as broad, and one of them carries three spikes. 


3 


- ,, \Magnificent specimen of Odontoglossum Edwardii is now flowering in 


The nomenclature question is again to the front. Quite recently we 
were gravely informed that all our Dendrobiums must be called Callista, 
our Angrecums Angorchis, and our Calanthes Alismorchis; not to mention 
a number of other equally trifling changes. And now comes a suggestion 
from a new and unexpected quarter. Generic hybrids furnish the theme. 


56 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


Dean Herbert held the view that generic hybrids were impossible, their 
so-called occurrence being presumptive evidence that botanists had been 
mistaken with regard to the genera in question. This view is held up to 
admiration by Mr. W. Watson, in a recent number of Garden and Forest. 


“No one,” he writes, ‘‘acquainted with Lelias and Cattleyas woul 
object to their being united to form one genus, and Sophronitis might, with 
equal reason, be included with them. . . . Phaius and Calanthe are very 
near allies, if we compare such species as Phaius veratrifolius with Calanthe 
Masuca, etc., the botanist’s opinion notwithstanding.” ) 


“It would simplify matters,” he proceeds, “if botanists would look upon 
the crossing of two plants as conclusive proof of their. generic relationship. 
. . . The whole system of classification is admittedly arbitrary, and tht 
division of plants into genera is often only a temporary arrangement, tobe 
reconsidered when more is known,” 


Information, however, is coming to hand. Lzelia has been crossed with” 
Cattleya, Cattleya with Sophronitis, and Sophronitis with Epidendrum 
We have also natural hybrids connecting Cattleya with Brassavola and 
Epidendrum, and an artificial one connecting Epidendrum with Laelia, an 
therefore these must all be united to form a single genus. 


We are not told which name to adopt, nor yet how we are to distinguist 
this vast and polymorphous genus from Schomburgkia, Broughtonia, Tetra 
micra, and other allies, which have not been connected by hybridisation 
or whether these also must be included. But this is a mere detail, ant 
will doubtless be explained in a future paper. | 


The case with regard to Phaius and Calanthe is particularly ually 
tunate. Botanists have been rash enough to place the two in differ I 
groups, and to suggest that they are more closely allied to certain othe 
genera than they are to each other. Certainly they possess well-mat" 
Structural differences. But we now learn that all this is as nothing 


pared with the weighty fact that the two have been successfully hybridis® 
together. 


By the way, a Phaius known in cultivation might have been selecté 


ae illustration, especially as P. grandifolius is identical in structure” 
P. veratrifolius, and is, moreover, the particular species which called 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 67 


the remarks. As it is, there is just the danger that P. veratrifolius may be 
confounded with the Calanthe of the same name. 


The worst of it all is that genera may no longer be based on well- 
marked structural similarities and differences, but must be taken, red-hot, 
as it were, from the hands of the hybridist. We are evidently on the eve 
of some startling developments, and we believe hybridists have the ‘“ re- 
vision ”’"—we suppose this will now be the correct word—of two or three 
other genera in progress. 


Why draw the line at genera? It might simplify matters still further if 
species were included. We might then show that nearly all the tropical 
Cypripediums were varieties of one variable and widely diffused species, 
which would save a lot of trouble. We merely offer the suggestion. 


THE HISTORY OF ORCHID HYBRIDISATION. 
PaRT III. 
(Continued from page 40.) 


Our last paper brought us down to the end of 1876, during which year con- 
siderable progress was made. In 1877 less than half as many novelties 
appeared. The first, however, was the work of a new operator. 

Zygopetalum x Clayi was raised in the collection of Colonel Clay, of The 
Slopes, Wallassy, Birkenhead. Its parents were Z. crinitum and Z. 
maxillare, the latter, I believe, being the pollen parent. It made its début 
in the Manchester Botanical and Horticultural Society on April 27, 1877, 
and was awarded a First-class Certificate. Soon afterwards it was described 
by Reichenbach. 

Selenipedium x albopurpureum, which next appeared, was the first 
Secondary hybrid in the genus. It was obtained by Mr. Seden, by crossing 
S. Schlimii with the pollen of S. x Dominyanum. It was described as a 
teat curiosity, the father parent being itself a mule, which had flowered for 
the first time about seven years before. It is a very beautiful thing, showing 
a curious combination of the characters of the three parent species; S. 
Schlimii, however, obtaining a preponderating influence in the matter of 
.- ©olour, as is usually the case. 

Lelia x Sedeni, obtained by crossing Cattleya superba with the pollen of 
Lelia x devoniensis, flowered for the first time during 1877. It is said to 
combine the free growth of the pollen parent with the brilliancy of colour 
and fragrance of the seed-bearer. A single plant only was raised, which is 
now in the collection of Baron Sir Henry Schréder, at The Dell, Egham. 


a 
— 
7 
ud] 
i 


Cypripedium x patens was next described by Reichenbach. It was not 
a new cross, however, its parents being C. Hookere ¢ and C. barbatum 3, 
and thus identical with those of C. x marmorophyllum, of which it is clearly 
a variety, if not a mere synonym. It is not improbable that both came from 
the same seed-pod, as they flowered within about a year of each other in the — 
Royal Exotic Nursery. 

- The last hybrid of the year was Cypripedium x lucidum, obtained by Mr 
Seden by crossing C, Lowii with the pollen of C. villosum. It combines 
well the characters of the two parent species. | 

During 1878 only four novelties appeared, from which it would appear 
that experiments in hybridisation had for some reason received a temporary 
check. : | 

Calanthe x Sedeni appeared very early in the year, having been obtained 
some time previously by Mr. Seden, by crossing C. x Veitchii with the pollen 
of C. vestita rubro-oculata. This furnished the second example of a hybnd 
being successfully used as the seed-parent. Mr. Seden, as may readily be 
inferred, was the raiser. Considering how popular C. x Veitchii had become, 
and the high estimation in which it was held as a winter-flowering Orchid, 
it is not a little curious that a period of eighteen years should have elapsed 
before a second member was added to the group. This plant established 
another record, as the first hybrid which had been crossed with one of its 
original parents. | 

The next hybrid was a Selenipedium, though described as Cypripedium 
x porphyreum. It was obtained by Mr. Seden from Selenipedium Roezlii 
crossed with the pollen of S. Schlimii. As the seed-parent is scarcely mom 
than a geographical variety of S. longifolium, we may rank the present 
hybrid as a variety of the well-known S. x Sedeni, chiefly differing i its | 
somewhat darker colour. | 

Cypripedium Xx nitens next appeared, having been raised by Mr. Sedet, | 
by crossing C. villosum with the pollen of C. insigne Maulei. The chaté® | 
teristics of the seed-parent preponderate considerably in this hybrid. | 

Another Cattleya was now added to the list. Cattleya x Marstersoni® | 
was obtained by crossing C. Loddigesii with the pollen of the old autum 
flowering C. labiata. Reichenbach originally stated that one parent be | 
“another seedling in the way of C. Loddigesii,” but the statement has since | 
been corrected. It was named.Mrs. Seden, née Marsterson. : 

Seven hybrids were described during 1879, all of them belonging eo 
genera already mentioned, and with one exception the results of Mr. is 
energy. One, however, was not a new cross. : 

The first was described as Cattleya x Mardelli. Its parentage was 

originally stated, but it has since been given as Cattleya Lueddemanmian@*” 
and Lelia elegans g. It is a handsome hybrid. It was named after ® 
uncle of Mr. Seden. o 


68 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 69 


Dendrobrium x splendidissimum, which next appeared, is one of the 
handsomest hybrid Dendrobiums yet raised. It was obtained in the Royal 
Exotic Nursery, by crossing D. aureum with the pollen of D. nobile. Thus 
it has the same parentage as D. x Ainsworthii, of which it may be con- 
sidered as a very fine variety, with all the segments tipped with rosy mauve 
instead of being pure white. .It probably owes its character to the finest _ 
forms of each species having been selected for parents. It was at first 
thought that D. superbum instead of D. nobile might have been one parent, 
but the idea has since been given up. 

Another Dendrobium immediately followed, and was described as D. x 
micans. It was derived from D. Wardianum (the old Assam form) ? and D. 
lituiflorum, two species not hitherto used for hybridisation purposes. A 
single flower was produced in February, 1879, when the plant was only 
three years old. Mr. Seden was the raiser. 

Cypripedium x vernixium was the first hybrid from C. Argus, the pollen 
having been derived from C. villosum. It presents a combination of the 
characters of the parent species, but those of the pollen parent preponde- 
rate. It was raised by Mr. Seden. 

Selenipedium x Ainsworthii, another secondary hybrid, was raised by 
Mr. Mitchell, gardener to Dr. Ainsworth, Cliff Point, Broughton, Man- 
chester, from S. Roezlii crossed with the pollen of S. x Sedeni. Like most 
of its allies, it is a vigorous and floriferous hybrid. 

- Lelig x Philbrickiana was next described. It was the first hybrid from 
Cattleya Aclandiz, the pollen being derived from Lelia x elegans. It isa 
handsome hybrid. It was raised by Mr. Seden, and was dedicated to F. A. 
Philbrick, Esq., Q.C., of Oldfield, Bickley. 

Cypripedium x porphyrospilum, described = Reichenbach, was the last 
hybrid of the year. It was not a distinct cross, however, as it came from 
the same seed capsule as C. x pycnopterum, of which it can at most be 
considered as a variety. C. venustum ? and C. Lowii f were the parents. 

In 1880 another genus was added to the list, when the handsome Masde- 
vallia x Chelsoni flowered for the first time. It was the first seedling 
Masdevallia raised in Europe, and was obtained by Mr. Seden, by crossing 
M. amabilis with the pollen of M. Veitchiana. The flowers exhibit a charm- 
ing combination of orange and crimson, and, being studded with the irides- 
cent violet hairs of the pollen parent, the colour varies according to the 
direction from which the light falls. 

Chysis x Sedeni, the second hybrid in the genus, which flowered 
immediately afterwards, was also raised in Messrs. Veitch’s establishment. 
ts parents were C. Limminghii and C. bractescens, the latter being the 
Pollen parent. It is said to have the habit of the mother plant, _— 
flowers more nearly resembling those of C. bractescens. 

The remaining hybrids described in 1880, with the single exception of 


70 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


Cattleya x Manglesii, which, however, flowered in 1866 for the first time 
(vide supra, p. 5), were all Cypripediums, several of them the work ofa 
new operator, as will presently be seen. ; 

The first of them was Cypripedium x Morganiz, derived from C_ 
superbiens fertilised with the pollen of C. Stonei. This magnificent 
hybrid was raised by Mr. Seden, and dedicated to Mrs. Morgan, a 
enthusiastic collector of Orchids in the United States. It was described 
as C. x Morganianum, but the name has since been changed to tht 
feminine termination, by common consent, in accordance with a custom 
long since recognised. Its resemblance to C. Stonei platytaenium Wa 
originally pointed out by Reichenbach, who, remarking on its free growth, 
observed: ‘“‘Hence it may be foreseen that it will form the pleasure 0 
many collectors when C. Stonei platytaenium will be kept as a monopoly 
by Mr. J. Day and his best friends” —a prophecy which, if not fulfilled 
to the letter, has at least proved true in the spirit. 

A batch of four hybrids raised by a new operator next appeared. 
These were described all together, under the names of C. Xx meirax, ¢ 
x chloroneurum, C. x politum, and C..x melanophthalmum. Reichen | 
bach spoke of them as a lot of fresh hybrids, raised by Mr. Robert 
Warner, of Broomfield, whose history is not known, probably in const 
quence of a lost pocket-book. All of them, however, he believes had C 
venustum as one parent, on account of their marked resemblance to that 
species. The opinion has since been expressed that all originated from” 
the same cross, and are, properly speaking, varieties of one hybrid. C 
barbatum is believed to have been the other parent. a 

Cypripedium x calanthum was described near the end of 1880, but® 
said to have flowered for the first time in September, 1878. ad | 
raised by Mr. Seden from C. barbatum biflorum crossed with the polles 
of C. Lowii. It is said to be a free grower, though it still seems to be 
a rare plant. . 

In 1881 nine hybrids were described, belonging to the genera Cypt , 
pedium, Selenipedium, Cattleya, and Calanthe, and furnished evident 
that two new operators had entered the ranks of the hybridists. 
+The first was a Selenipedium, obtained by Mr. Seden from ia 
soltamh ‘crossed with the pollen of S. x Sedeni. It was described 
Cypripedium x calurum. It differs from S. x Ainsworthii in very 
characters, and has since been considered as a variety of the = 
wis bee had S. Roezlii as the seed parent, which, however, ? 

§arded as only a geographical variety of S. longifolium, the seed 
of S. x calurum. am 
onan a : oe Was raised by Mr. J. T. Barber, of pee" 
Vis. ee - Tumeri nivalis crossed with the pollen of C. vé eS 

pure white with a small yellow stain at the base oes 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. qi 


Calanthe Turneri, however, is scarcely more than a variety of C. vestita, 
characterised by its constricted pseudobulbs and later period of flowering, 
and C. x Barberiana may therefore also be considered as a variety of 
the same.. 

Cypripedium xX calophyllum, which was next described, is stated to 
have been “one of the oldest artificial hybrids, having been gained at 
the Royal Exotic Nursery a long time ago. Accidentally it was never 
described, and now it comes from a second source—Mr. B. S. Williams.” 
C. barbatum 2 and C. venustum f were the parents, hence it is of the 
same origin as C. x politum and its allies described a few months 
earlier. 

Calanthe x bella was raised by Mr. Seden from C. vestita Turneri 
crossed with the pollen of C. x Veitchii. Its flowers are delicate light 
rose suffused with white, the lip with a carmine-fose spot at the base. 

The next hybrid was a Selenipedium, raised by John C. Bowring, 
Esq., Forest Farm, Windsor, from S. caricinum and S. Roezlii, the latter 
being the pollen parent. It was described as Cypripedium x conchi- 
ferum. ‘All the colours are very ethereal,’’ remarked Reichenbach, 
“and the plant will only be appreciated by gentlemen of refined taste.” 

Calanthe x Sandhurstiana, which was next described, was raised by 
the late Mr. P. H. Gosse, of Sandhurst, Torquay, from C. rosea crossed 
with the pollen of C. vestita. Thus it is of the same descent as C. X 
Veitchii, and must be considered as a highly-coloured variety of it, with 
a deeper instead of a paler blotch at the base of the lip. 

Selenipedium x grande was raised by Mr. Seden from S. Roezlii 
crossed with the pollen of S. caudatum. It is exceedingly vigorous, 
free-growing, and floriferous, in which respect it resembles the mother 
Plant, but the flowers are considerably modified in the direction of those 
of the pollen parent. The fertilisation took place in 1875. It was a 
steat acquisition to the group. 

Cypripedium x gemmiferum was raised by J. C. Bowring, Esq., 
Forest Farm, Windsor, it is said, from C. Hookere, fertilised with the 
Pollen of C. purpuratum. Thus it is the first hybrid derived from the 
last-named species. The purple of the parent species is not so conspicu- 
ously present in the hybrid as one might have expected. 

Cattleya x Chamberlainiana, the last hybrid of the year, was a striking 
and very interesting form. It was raised by Mr. Seden from C. Leopoldt 
fertilised with the pollen of C. Dowiana. The sepals are amethyst-purple, 
toned with tawny yellow; petals similar, but of a rather darker tint, quite 
unlike that of any other Cattleya known. It was named in compliment to 
the Right Hon. Joseph Chamberlain. 


(To be continued.) 


42 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


LYCASTE MESOCHLENA, 


This is one of the best of the cultivated Lycastes, but its history is one 
mass of confusion, as the synonymy cited at the foot of this article wil 
show, and it is very seldom found in gardens under its correct name. It 
was discovered by Warscewicz at the head waters of the Maranon river, in 
Peru, and described by Reichenbach in 1854. Previous to this, however, 
in May, 1853, plants were sold at Stevens’ Rooms under the named 
Maxillaria conica, the flowers being described as ivory-white. One of them, 
which passed into the collection of the Bishop of Winchester, flowered a 
Farnham Castle, in 1855, as we learn from Dr, Lindley. Afterwardstt 
became in some way confused with Lycaste costata, Lindl., under which 
name it is usually cultivated. It was also figured under the name di 
Lycaste Barringtoniz variety grandiflora, a quite incorrect denomination. 

_ L. mesochlena is a bold and striking species, with large pseudobulls, 
very broad leaves, and a profusion of flowers borne on short peduncles, about 
six to eight inches long. The flowers are ivory-white, or suffused with @ 
flush of pale yellow or sometimes very pale green. The true L. costata 
Lindl., which, if in cultivation, is excessively rare, may at once be dis 
tinguished by its narrower leaves and peduncles a foot long, besides certaia 
floral differences, L. Barringtoniz has much smaller flowers with grett 
sepals and petals. The following is the synonymy of the present species- 
oT paetomn o~. Rchb. f. in Bonplandia, ii. p. 98; Lindl. in Gard. Chron., 18555 p.78 . 
L Batngtoniy vax. pando, Hook in Soy Megs wre ane 
» Var. » Hook. f. in Bot. Mag., xciv., t. 5706. 


CYPRIPEDIUM CHAMBERLAINIANUM. 


Messrs. F, Sander and Co., of St. Albans, has been flowering continuous) _ 


for the last three months, in the collection of W. G. Marshall, Esq»! 
Norton Manor, Taunton. 
Mr. Marshall remarks that 
bloomers. 

they have n 


In a note accompanying one of the ow | 
he has several plants of it, and all of them free | 
All are flowering from the growths made before importation, # 

ot yet had time to become established. It now appears pretty | 
Core that the racemes continue to elongate and develop flowets i 
succession for a long period, and that the long racemes of very numerous 


: at ; 
bracts seen in wild Specimens are due to this peculiarity. 


| 
A plant of this handsome Cypripedium, so recently introduced 4 
| 
} 
| 
| 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


~I 
we 


CYCNOCHES PENTADACTYLON. 


We have much pleasure in presenting our readers with the accompanying 
illustration of the magnificent specimen of Cycnoches pentadactylon, which 


Fic. 4. CYCNOCHES PENTADACTYLON. 


Was exhibited by W. W. Mann, Esgq., of Ravenswood, Bexley, at a 
Meeting of the Royal Horticultural Society, on January 17 th last, to 
Which a First-class Certificate was deservedly awarded. It is reproduced 


74 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


from a photograph kindly sent by Mr. Mann for the purpose. Those why 
know the species as it generally appears in cultivation will not fail t 
appreciate the beauty of this particular plant, and the evidence of high 
cultural skill it affords on the part of the gardener, Mr. J. Simmon. It bor 
ten drooping racemes, five on one pseudobulb, three on another, and two 
the third, and these together bore no less than 247 flowers, 37 being borne 
on one raceme. Our illustration, though necessarily much reduced, gives? 
graphic idea of its appearance, which no words could convey. The flowers 
are about three inches in diameter; the sepals and petals reflexed, cream 
white, tinged with greenish yellow, and heavily blotched with deep purple 
brown; the erect lip reduced to’ five narrow lobes or fingers (in allusion to 
which the name was given) ; and the column long, slender, and arching, like 

a swan’s neck, | 

The species was described just half a century ago by Dr. Lindley, from & 
seven-flowered raceme sent by Messrs. Veitch, of Exeter (now of Chelsea) 
in March, 1842, and a plant which soon afterwards flowered with Messis. 
Loddiges, of Hackney, which they had received from Brazil. It was 
described with much hesitation, and with the evident suspicion that it 
might be only.a sport from C. maculatum. In fact, Lindley spoke of the 
difficulty of judging what was a species and what a mere sport, ant 
alluded to the Catasetum group as one ‘among which we find the most 
astonishing deviations from ordinary structure, and the most startling 
variations from what appears to be the rule in other parts of the organit 
world. If," he continues, “ we were informed that the camelopard in the 
Zoological Gardens had shortened the vertebre of its neck, till it was ™ 
longer than a cow’s, or that a kangaroo had exchanged its tail for the swit 
of a Shetland pony, a more surprising thing would not be announced that 
those changes with which we are now familiar in this group of Orchidace®- 
All of which now appears very amusing, and indicates how little . 
phenomena observed in other species had been understood. We now know 
that the sexes are borne in different flowers, which are often quite unlike #8 
appearance. 

Until 1889 the female flowers of the present species appear to have been 
unknown, when they suddenly appeared on a plant in the collection of E 
Gotto, Esq., of The Logs, Hampstead Heath, together with the males: 
How diverse are the two sexes may be seen on reference to the figure ? | 
the Gardeners’ Chronicle cited below, where, however, they are represented | 
upside down. It is not at all unlikely that femaies may appear °? the 
eo: plant at a future flowering, in which case we hope to receive furthet 
materials. ae 

The specimen now figured, splendid as it is, does not represent the 
maximum development of the species. Mr. Edward Rand, of Para, Bi 
who takes a special interest in this group of Orchids i cultivates them 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 75 


largely, and who, in fact, has added considerably to our knowledge of the 
subject, states that it is the giant of the River Purus, and is without 
exception the most beautiful and fragrant Amazonian Orchid he knows, and 
that a single flower will fill the air for yards with its delicious vanilla-like 
fragrance. He has seen the pseudobulbs three feet long and two inches in 
diameter, with flowers of both sexes on the same pseudobulb. The males 
were borne from the top of the pseudobulbs, in drooping racemes over two 
feet in length, and carrying from fifty to seventy flowers. The female 
racemes were borne near the base of the pseudobulbs and carried from one 
to three flowers. . 

We sincerely hope that the appearance of the present plant may help to 
popularise a neglected, but extremely interesting genus. 

Cycnoches pentadactylon, Lindl: Bot. Reg., xxix., Misc., p. 18; id., t. 22; Rolfe in 


Gard. Chron., 1889, pt. ii., p. 188, fig. 26; Fourn. of Hort., 1893, pt. i-, Pp. 94) 95, fig. 145 
Gard, Mag., 1893, pt. i., p. 77, with plate. 


PHALAENOPSIS SCHILLERIANA VESTALIS. 


Albino forms of the beautiful Phalznopsis Schilleriana are excessively 
rare. The one above named was described by Reichenbach upwards of ten 
years ago (Gardeners’ Chronicle, 1882, pt. i. p. 130), from the collection of 
Messrs. Hugh Low and Co., of Clapton. A plant was exhibited by them at 
the last meeting of the Royal Horticultural Society, held on February 14th, 
last, and was deservedly awarded a First-class Certificate. It is said to be 
the only plant known in England. The flowers are snow-white,.with the 
exception of some light brown spots on the inner halves of the latteral 
sepals, a few yellow-brown ones near the base of the side lobes of the lip, 
and a yellow crest. It is a chaste and very beautiful form. The variety 
immaculata differs in having no spots anywhere, the crest alone being pure 
yellow. There is, however, a faint flush of pale rose sometimes present in 
the flower. It was described by Reichenbach as long ago as 1875 (Gardeners’ 
Chronicle, 1875, pt. i. p. 429), from the collection of J. T. Barber, Esq., of 

Pondon, near Derby, having been obtained from an importation made by 
_ Messrs. Hugh Low and Co. Another plant flowered in February, 1891, 
ftom an importation made by the same firm. They contrast effectively with 
flowers of the ordinary rosy form. 


A FINE RESTREPIA ANTENNIFERA. 

A magnificent specimen of the elegant Restrepia antennifera is now 

flowering in-the collection of M: A. A. Peeters, of Brussels.. It measures 

oe feet in diameter, and bears nearly three hundred flowers. 
OB th CS as 


76 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


NOVELTIES. 


PLEUROTHALLIS RHOMBIPETALA, Rolfe.—A botanical species, introducel 
from Mount Roraima by Messrs. Charlesworth, Shuttleworth, and Co,,0 
Heaton, Bradford, with whom it flowered last December. It is allied t 
the Brazilian P. arcuata, Lindl. It bears lax racemes of flowers, the sepak 
pale green with dull purple spots on the dorsal one, the petals dull maroon 
purple, and the lip pale green with a few dark purple spots on the margin— 
Kew Bulletin, 1893, p. 4. 

BRACHIONIDIUM SHERRINGII, Rolfe.-—An interesting addition to thi 
Singular little genus. It was discovered by R. V. Sherring, Esq., in the) 
island of Grenada, West Indies, growing ona tree fully exposed to the sut 
and all the force of the wind, at Fedon’s Camp, at 2,400 feet elevation | 
It is described from dried specimens. The three previously recorded 
Species are all natives of the Andes. The genus is nearly allied t0 
Masdevallia.—Kew Bulletin, 1893, De 4. 

BULBOPHYLLUM SANDERIANUM, Rolfe.—A Brazilian species, introduced 
from the province of Pernambuco with Cattleya labiata and other Orehis 
by Messrs. F. Sander & Co., St. Albans, with whom it flowered last Jul 
It is allied to B. meridense, Rchb. f., and B. geraense, Rchb. f. It beats 
long racemes of flowers, the sepals pale green with small brown spots, th 
petals white with purple margin and a few similar spots, and the very hall 
lip deep purple-brown.—Kew Bulletin, 1893, p. 4. 

BULBOPHYLLUM vitienss, Rolfe.—A botanical species, sent to Kew ftom 
the Botanical Station, Fiji, by Mr. Daniel Yeoward. It flowered in August 
last year. The flowers are pale yellowish-white, with the upper half of the | 
Sepals light pink. B. rostriceps, Rchb. f., is mentioned as the one oti 
Species known from Fiji.i—Kew Bulletin, 1893, p. 5. 

MEGACLINIUM MINUTUM, Rolfe.—The smallest known species of OY 
§enus, being only about two inches high. It was sent to Kew by & ‘ | 
Scott Elliot, Esq., naturalist to the recent Sierra Leone Delimitation - 
Mission, from Sugarloaf Mountain, where it grows at 3,000 feet elevation 
The curiously flattened rhachis is purple-brown, and the flowers dull mare! 
and greenish yellow.—Kew Bulletin, 1893, p. 5. : 

PHalus ROSEUS, Rolfe.—A very distinct and pretty Phaius, collected | 
the Right Hon. Earl of Scarborough, in whose collection it flowered 
December last. It is believed to be a native of West Tropical Africa. 
flowers are of a delicate light rose shade, the lip somewhat marbled WY - 
White spots, the disc with a white hairy keel, and the spur deep Y° 
The flowers Pass to light orange-buff in fading.—Kew Bulletin, 1893) p. 
PHouipota Lucarpr, Rolfe.—A native of the Chin Hills, Welt? 
Burma, at 6,000-8,000 feet elevation, whence it was sent to S¥ J” 
Kirk, of Wavertree, Sevenoaks, Kent, by Captain Lugard. It flowered 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. : 


June, 1890. It is allied to P. articulata, Lindl., but is more erect and 
robust and larger in all its parts.—Kew Bulletin, 1893, p. 6. 

EPIDENDRUM (BARKERIA) PALMERI, Rolfe.—A _ distinct Epidendrum 
belonging to the section Barkeria, collected by Mr. Edward Palmer, at 
Colima, Mexico, in 1891. It is characterised by its narrow leaves, small 
bracts, and numerous flowers with papillose nerves to the lip. It is 
described from dried specimens.—Kew Builletin, 1893, p. 6. 

SARCOCHILUS MuUScOosUS, Rolfe.—A botanical species, sent from the 
Andaman Islands, together with Phaleznopsis tetraspis, by E. H. Man, 
Esq. It flowered in the Kew collection in November last. It has dull 
yellow flowers spotted with red-brown, and a white lip with a few small 
purple spots round the mouth of the spur. The scapes are hispid.—Kew 
Bulletin, 1893, p. 7 

PELEXIA MACULATA, Rolfe.—A distinct species, with olive-green leaves 
blotched with whitish green on the upper surface, and dull purplish green 
below. The flowers are pale dull green, the sepals and petals tipped with 
pink, and the lip white. It flowered in the Glasnevin Botanic Garden in 
July last, under the care of Mr. F. W. Moore. It is believed to have been 
introduced by Messrs. Hugh Low and Co., of Clapton, but its habitat is not 
recorded.—Kew Bulletin, 1893, p. 7. | 

CYPRIPEDIUM VILLOSUM var. Gortoni, O’Brien.—A variety sent to Dr. 
Gorton, of Maida Vale, London, by his nephew, from the extreme north of 
Barma. It chiefly differs from the type in its more purple flowers, the 
dorsal sepal with a green area near the apex and a white margin.— 
Gardeners’ Chronicle, January r4th, p. 40. 


MASDEVALLIA TROGLODYTES. 


A plant of this curious Masdevallia is now flowering in the Glasnevin 
Botanic Garden under the charge of Mr. F. W. Moore. The species was 
originally sent from New Granada by M. Lalinde, and was sold at Stevens’ 
Rooms in April, 1873, and flowered in the collection of M. Oscar Lamarche 
de Rossins, of Liége, in December, 1876, when it was described by 
E. Morren. It has a cup-shaped perianth, something like that of M. 
Carderi but less truncate, the colour inside, as well. as the tails, blackish 
maroon, but outside of a dingy grey. The name was given in allusion to 
the petals and column looking like a ‘‘ Troglodyte hidden in his cave.” The 
"esemblance, however, is more apparent in the coloured plate (cited below) 
than in the living specimen. ‘The fact is the petals and column of most of 
~ Species of the section Saccolabiatze would serve equally well as an 
illustration. 


Masdevallia Troglodytes, E. Morr. in Belg. Hort., xxvii. (1877), P97, t 5+ 


78 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


THE CLARE LAWN COLLECTION. 


THE collection of Orchids at Clare Lawn, East Sheen, the residence 
F. Wigan, Esq., J.P., though not so large as those previously noted in 
these pages, contains a number of very interesting features, and is fame 
for the successful cultivation of Phalznopsis, Lelia majalis, and one of tw 
other things which do not succeed everywhere. Ten houses are devote 
to Orchids; some of them being rather small, but they are filled withs 
representative collection of healthy and well-cultivated plants, which testi 
to the skill and intelligence brought to bear on their culture by Mr. W. fh 
Young, who has charge of the collection. Specimens from it are familiar 
to those frequenting the meetings of the Royal Horticultural Society, whet 
they have been exhibited with success on various occasions. 

The Phalaenopsis house is the feature of the collection, and a few nots 
about it will certainly be interesting to our readers. We may, howevel, 
take the different houses in the order which we passed through them a! 
recent visit. | 
_ In the first house we observed some good specimens of the ever-popul | 
Ccelogyne cristata, without which no good collection would be complete 
Also a large plant of C. barbata, Oncidium Cavendishianum, throwing ¥_ 
several flower-spikes, Cymbidium elegans, C. eburneum, etc. i 

The Masdevallia house contains most of the varieties commonly cul 
vated, also large plants of M. leontoglossa, M. Mooreana, and M. macrule 
We observed in flower M. ignea, M. polysticta, with its racemes of purpt 
spotted lilac flowers, with yellow tails; also the hybrids M. x Chelsoni 
M. x Hincksiana. A curious feature of the latter is that its flowers are b 
yellow on first opening, but gradually pass to cream-white before fadili 
The effect of two differently coloured fowers on the same spike, a | 
in strong specimens, is very pretty. The plant here seen had two flowe® 
but not on the same spike. In this house are the Pleiones, which are het 
grown with great success. 

In another compartment of the same range the Miltonias are a 
M. vexillaria, M. spectabilis Moreliana, M. Russelliana, and others pp: 
represented. On a shelf in this house is grown a grand batch @ 0” 
chaste Masdevallia tovarensis; Cymbidium tigrinum also is grown 
and flowers annually. 

Another house contains the Vandas of the tricolor section, the Angtl 
and other plants, with a batch of the beautiful Odontoglossum cits 
suspended from the roof. sa 

In the East Indian house are several plants worthy of ee | 
Coelogyne pandurata is represented by three large plants, on€ of “a 
sending up a fine spike. Stauropsis gigantea, generally cultivate ite 
the name of Vanda gigantea, is throwing up a spike from 2 plant 5 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 79 


last year bore three. This is an Orchid now seldom met with in collections. 
Stauropsis lissochiloides, generally known as Vanda Batemanii, is also 
represented. It flowered well last year, one spike carrying over sixty 
flowers. Here, too, is the fine plant of Grammatophyllum Seegerianum 
which was exhibited last year at the Temple Show; also a large plant of 
Grammangis Ellisii, a batch of Miltonia Roezlii, Vanda teres, which flowers 
annually, Arundina bambusifolia, also a plant of Epidendrum Stamfordianum, 
showing for flower. Cypripedium x selligerum, C. x Dauthieri, and C. x 
Germinyanum were in flower, the latter a decidedly bold and striking thing. 
Calanthe x bella and C. Regnieri, also a good plant of the fine Dendrobium 
x splendidissimum, with numerous flowers, helped to brighten up the 
house. A plant of D. nobile carries a good seed-capsule, obtained by 
crossing with the pollen of D. superbum, which in time may yield good 
results, 

The Cattleya house contains most of the generally grown kinds of 
Cattleya and Lelia, including some good forms of Lelia anceps and its 
white varieties, Stella, Williamsii, and Sanderiana, just passing out of flower, 
Lelia prestans, in flower, fine plants of Lelia majalis, one of which 
received an Award of Merit from the Royal Horticultural Society two 
years ago. Also some good forms of Lelio-cattleya x elegans, and L. x 
Schilleriana. Aérides Fieldingii and A. crassifolium are also grown in 
this house, together with the Sobralias, of which S. macrantha, S. 
leucoxantha, S, xantholeuca, and the rare S. Ruckeri are represented. 

In the Odontoglossum house we observed several flowering examples of 
O. gloriosum and O. Sanderianum, also a fine yellow hybrid, probably a 
form of O. x baphicanthum. Over a thousand plants of O. crispum are 
stown, besides numerous other species. A plant of Oncidium insculptum 
has a spike over twelve feet long with over seventy flower buds. 
© now come to the famed Phalenopsis house. It is a structure 
Venty-five feet long by twelve feet wide with a low span roof, and is 
Situated at the north side of a high wall, which excludes every ray of 
sunshine during the winter. It has bottom ventilators only, and water 
tanks below the stages. The paths are of gravel, which is kept forked 
loose. About three hundred and fifty plants of the different species are 
Suspended from the roof, in teak baskets, which are often small in comparison 
With the size of the plants. Many of the plants are in the most luxuriant 
alth, P, Schilleriana is grown in quantity, P. Stuartiana, P. Sanderiana, 


twent 


he 


P. amabilis (Blume), and P. Aphrodite are well represented. P. speciosa 
and its variety Imperatrix grow and flower vigorously. The latter, which 
has nine leaves, some over a foot long and five to six inches wide, is . 
Splendid form, and has received an Award of Merit from the Royal Horti- 
Cultura] Society. P, tetraspis and P. Boxalii are also represented, the 
latter being in flower, also the natural hybrids P. x leucorrhoda, P. x 


80 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


casta, a magnificent plant, the original plant of P. x Cynthia, P. x inter 
media, and its variety Portei. A good plant of Angraecum caudatum and 
several Saccolabiums also find a place. The stages of the house are filled 
with Cypripediums and Selenipediums, some of the rarest being C. x 
Niobe, C. x Bragaianum, C. x microchilum, C. x macropterum, C 
Aylingi, and C. x Juno (across between C. callosum and C. Fairieanum), 
of which it is said only three plants are known. Selenipedium x Sedeti 
candidulum and the new Veitchian hybrid S. x Penelaus were both it 
flower. Here are also several promising hybrids, including Cypripedium 

niveum x superbiens, C. hirsutissimum x Druryi, and others. | 

A little lobby annexed to this house serves admirably to prevett 
draughts of cold air from reaching the plants, as the outer door cam bt 
closed before the other is opened. Here, suspended from the roof, is? 
batch of Barkeria Lindleyana in the most robust health, the lower part 
the stems being covered with healthy white roots. It is not every one who | 
succeeds with these plants, but here they seem quite at home, and some — 
time ago flowered in profusion. 

The last house is a ‘rock house,” being built up with masses of tufa. 
Here among the ferns are arranged numerous plants of Cypripedium insignt 
and Cymbidium Lowianum, which seem quite at home. The latter is now 
throwing up its flower-spikes. 

We may fittingly conclude our account of a very interesting collectior 
with a few additional notes on the treatment of Phalzenopsis here ¢ 
out. The baskets are filled with ‘potsherds and sphagnum moss, n0 chat 
coal being used, and only enough moss to keep a supply of moisture about : 
the roots in hot weather. In May the plants are overhauled, first be 
allowed to become somewhat dry. Then the old moss is washed out with @ 
syringe and replaced with new, only being transferred to larger baskets whet | 
this is absolutely necessary. During summer they are always kept moist | 
almost saturated at the root, the leaves being lightly sprayed over with ¢ ) 
syringe in hot weather, the temperature kept from 70° to 85°, and the atm 
sphere at saturation point. In winter less water is given, but when # | 
they are dipped overhead. The temperature then ranges from 60° by night 
to 65° by day, or if mild about 5° higher. Whatever is the secret of success 
whether the structure and position of the house, or the treatment adopt 
or the two combined, certain it is that they are grown here with gt 
Success, and where these plants do thrive, few Orchids can surpass age . 
in grace and beauty. 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 81 


SELENIPEDIUM x CARDINALE. 


THE beautiful hybrid here figured was raised by Mr. Seden in the 
establishment of Messrs. Veitch, of Chelsea, and flowered for the first time 
in 1882. 

It was obtained by crossing S.xSedeni with the pollen of S. Schlimii 
albiflorum, and as the mother plant was derived from S. longifolium and S. 


wl 


Schlimii, the present hybrid represents one move back to the last-namec 
species. Its parentage may be thus represented :—S. Schlimii 4, S. longi- 
folium x 


5. SELENIPEDIUM X CARDINALE. 


It is one of the most attractive hybrids in the genus, as the white sepals 
and petals contrast effectively with the bright carmine-rose lip, and set it 
off to the greatest advantage. In some forms the dorsal sepal and pet als 
are lightly flushed with pale rose. ‘The photograph here reproduced is from 


@ flo Se : : 
Wer kindly communicated by Baron Sir Henry Schroder, of The Dell, 

Egham, 

ae enipedium 488 (in note) ; 


cardinale, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron., 1882, pt. M. p- 
1S Mono; oT. Cyp 


Cypri rip. p. 145. 

* ee pedium Cardinale, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron., 1882, pit. 

5 Veitch Man. Orch. , pt. iv. pp. 102, 103, with 
6 


ii. p. 488 ; Zhe Garden, xxvii. 
- Orch. Album, viii. t. 379- 


ba | 


82 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


NOTES ON ORCHIDS IN THE JUNGLE. 
By MAJOR-GENERAL E. S. BERKELEY. 
(Continued from page 48.) 


AN Orchid equally if not more widely distributed is Dendrobium secundum 
This plant, however, does not, as is the case with many others, show at) 
appreciable differences in the stem, the variation being in the colour of th” 
flowers. The general colour of the flowers of the variety found on th 
Asiatic continent is rose-purple. That of the varieties found in the variols 
Malayan islands is rose, white tipped with rose, and white. Of the mary 
islands I visited in the Malay Archipelago, I do not recollect one in whic 
this Dendrobium was not very plentiful. 

In 1880, when I visited North Andaman, and made friends with th 
previously hostile natives of that island, I found the Andamanese on ott 
occasion very busy beating out the fibre of the stem of a Dendrobium. 
examination I found the stems to be those of D. secundum. On askift 
what they used the fibre for they pointed to their fishing arrows. 

In these islands the natives kill the fish by shooting them witha special!) 
formed arrow. The arrow head is let into a slot in the arrow, and attacht! 
to a long string which is wound round the arrow. When the head strike 
the fish the string is unravelled, leaving the arrow floating on the surface 
the water; thus enabling the natives to swim out and secure the fish; suC! 
a string requires to be of great toughness, and in the fibre of this plant t* 
natives have found a materia] suited to their wants. 

It often struck me that this fibre might be of commercial value. Th 
would be little difficulty in getting plenty of the plant, as it grows in immets 
masses on the trees along the coast. As a florist’s flower it is not sufficiet! 
attractive, but some of the white and light rose insular forms, are decided! 
pretty, and worthy of a place in collections. This plant is only found : 
very hot countries. I am not aware of any variety of it being found 
the hills. 

Another polymorphous species which naturally attracts attention : 
Dendrobium aureum. This lovely species has four quite distinct variell 
So different that they are easily distinguishable from each other. | 

The first in order is the form common in our collections, which is fou") 
in the mountain ranges of Assam and Burmah, from the Khasia Hills, 
the hills at the back of Moulmein on the frontier of Siam. This a 
variety found in many collections under the name of D. heterocarpum- * ee 
Stems are erect, short, and Stout, and rather smooth, and this variety wre 
throughout the hills above noted, being a distance from north to sout 
about five hundred miles. 


: in tht 
The nearest variety to this is the form found in Mysore, and 


4 
3 
one 1 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 83 


Neilgherry, Pulney and other ranges of hills on the Western Ghauts of India. 
This variety, being separated from its ally by a distance of at least one 
thousand miles, is totally different in appearance. The stems are no longer 
short and stout, but of considerable length, and more slender than those of 
the common form. . 

The Ceylon form, as one would expect, comes near to this, but is again 
distinct, as although rather slender, like the Indian form, the stems are 
longer, frequently three feet long, and as they are formed throughout of 
swollen internodes, it is a variety that cannot possibly be mistaken. 

All these three varieties have deliciously sweet-scented flowers, and are 
also found up in the hills at from four to six thousand feet above the sea 
level, and therefore are easy to grow in our houses in England. 

The fourth variety of Dendrobium aureum is that found in the Philippine 
Islands. The form of the plant is again modified by the great geographical 
distance at which it is found separated from its allies. The stems of this 
plant are long and smooth, and the sweet scent found in the other forms is 
absent. 

Perhaps the Philippine Islands, having been so long separated from the 
adjacent continent, have lost the pollinating insect attracted on the continent 
by the sweet scent of the flowers, so that scent is no longer a necessity to 
the Philippine plant. All the varieties are pretty and well worth growing, 
the Philippine variety requiring more heat than the three others, which also 
flower earlier; indeed the ordinary form may be had in flower from 
November to February, at a time when good flowers of Dendrobiums are 
Scarce, 

(To be continued.) 


THE CULTURE OF HABENARIA MILITARIS. 
By W. H. WHITE. 


Tuts brilliant scarlet-flowered terrestrial Orchid from Cochin China is a 
Plant that has always been greatly admired when in bloom. Unfortu- 
nately, considerable difficulty has been experienced by many growers in 
Successfully cultivating this little gem; which has caused much disap- 
Pemement: <7 have no doubt that many failures have resulted from 
amv the plants in too low a temperature, keeping them too dry 
While in a dormant state, and using unsuitable material to root is. -1 
Ow of one instance where the plant, having finished its growth, and 
© leaves and stem naturally died down, was thought to be dead, and 
Consequence thrown on the rubbish heap. What a great mistake ! 
"F 88 's00n as the stem has decayed, the tubers begin to ripen and 


th 
in 


84 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


prepare for the following season’s growth, which commences about the 
beginning of March. 
Habenaria militaris is an Orchid which has proved to be of the 
easiest cultivation when its requirements are properly understood. 
would recommend all Orchid lovers to try again with this beautifil 
plant, as it is deserving of every attention, not only as a decorative 
plant, but also for cutting. 
The following method of culture has, with us, yielded eminently 
satisfactory results. In the first place, use pots as small as possible; 
those generally termed long thumbs being preferable for the largest ani 
Strongest tubers. These tubers will be from two to three inches ia 
length, and the pots about four inches deep. Secure the drainage by 
putting a sound piece of crock over the hole at the bottom, then plac 
the tuber in the centre of the pot, keeping the crown about half an inch 
below the rim, and filling half way up with clean broken crocks, so tht | 
when re-potted, part of the tuber will be in the crocks and part in the | 
compost. Over the drainage place a thin layer of sphagnum moss, and fill | 
up with the following compost, just covering the top of the tuber. Ore 
half should consist of good fibrous peat, loam, and moss, in equal pit 
portions, the other half of broken pieces of crocksherds about the sized! 
a pea and smaller, adding a sprinkling of coarse silver sand, mixing tht 
whole well together, and potting moderately firm. One shift will ®) 
sufficient for the season. I need scarcely remark that the smaller the 


— 


to change colour, when less water will be required, and the quanti 
Should be gradually diminished until the leaves and stem have compl” | 
died down. Do not cut the stem off when decaying ; if left alone it 
naturally fall away. 4 

During the resting period, keep the pots on a dry shelf close * . 
roof glass, in the same house in which they were grown, but o 7 
account allow the compost to remain dry for any great length of 7 
as over-dryness will cause the tubers to shrivel, in which cas : t 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 85 


doubtful if they will ever regain their natural plump condition. Examine 
them at least once a week; when those that are dust dry should be 
stood down by themselves, and receive a good sprinkling of water from 
a fine rose-can. 

This Orchid may be propagated by separating the tubers when turning 
them out of their pots before re-potting; and the freedom with which it 
can be increased enables one to raise a stock quickly. On an average 
we obtain two new tubers from each one every year; the oid ones at the 
same time continuing to grow and increase. 

When in full growth, a sharp look-out must be kept to prevent thrips 
from disfiguring the foliage, which is quite as ornamental as that of many 
stove plants. The best plan to keep the plants clean, and free from these 
insect pests, is frequent dipping, as previously advised for Miltonia 
vexillaria in the Calendar of Operations for February. 


THE HYBRIDIST. 
DENDROBIUM X BURFORDIENSE. 


THERE is one invariable good quality that hybrids from Dendrobium aureum 
Possess, and that is that the lip is comparatively spreading or reflexed, and 
consequently shows off to advantage. This is well seen in D. x Ainsworthii, 

- X Leechianum, and D. x splendidissimum, all derived from D. aureum 
and D. nobile. The present hybrid was derived from D. Linawianum 2? and 
D.aureum 2, in the collection of Sir Trevor Lawrence, Bart., of Burford, 
Dorking, by Mr. W. H. White. It is a charming little thing, and may be 
“ompared to D. x Dominianum (D. nobile 2 x D. Linawianum 4), except 
that the sepals and petals are more spreading and of a lighter shade, and the 
lip flatter, more reflexed, and with a smaller disc. The sepals and petals are 
Pale blush, passing into light rose-pink near the apex, and the lip with a small 
maroon disc, a white zone round it, and a rose-pink tip. It is of free growt 
and very floriferous. ; 


PHAIO-CALANTHE X SEDENIANA ROSEA. 

Phaio-calanthe x Sedeniana was raised in the establishment of Messrs. 
oe €s Veitch and Sons, of Chelsea, from Phaius grandifolius fertilised with 
ae llen of Calanthe x Veitchii. It is a beautiful thing with flowers of a 
hvb = of pale primrose yellow. It is interesting to note that the reverse 
E. "id has now been raised, by Mr. W. Lambert, gardener to John Riley, 
ee J.P., of Hapton House, near Burnley. In this case the hybrid 

“anthe x Veitchii was the seed parent, the pollen being derived from 


86 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


Phaius grandifolius. It differs from the original form, however, in having 
the lip light rose-colour, marbled with a somewhat deeper shade, and in 
having a rosy-red line down the centre of each petal. It may therefore bear 
the name above given, in order to distinguish it from the original form. 
Like the type, it is an evergreen plant, and as the spike bore twelve flowes 
itis a decidedly promising acquisition. It was raised four years ago, ani 
flowered for the first time in January last. ; 


CALANTHE X GIGAS. 


In the Vestitz section of Calanthe the hybridists have intermixed the 
species and varieties to such a degree that it is no easy matter to discrim: 
nate between some of the resulting forms. They constitute, howevel, @ 
group of the highest possible value as winter-blooming decorative plants, 
and there can be little doubt that further developments are in store, %& 
various hybridists are working at them from the florist’s standpoint. One of 
the best is the fine form exhibited by Messrs. James Veitch and Sons, at the 
Drill Hall, on January 17th last, under the name of Calanthe x gigas, which 
was obtained from C. vestita gigantea crossed with the pollen of C. Regniet 
Sanderiana, one of the handsomest and most robust yet obtained. The flowe 
scape is over five feet high, and bears twenty-five to thirty flowers, which at 
nearly three inches across. The sepals are milk-white and much acuminatéé 
at their tips; the petals are shorter, more obtuse, and have a faint tinge of r0St 
both at the base and apex; the four-lobed lip is bright-rose, striated with 
pale-rose or white, and with a deep red-crimson blotch at the base, which 
spreads into the tube formed by the adnate claw and column, the latte 
being light-rose. It deservedly received the award of a First-class Certificat® 
from the Orchid Committee. It is a decided acquisition to the group. 


DENDROBIUM xX CHLOROSTELE VAR. OWENIANUM. 


This handsome hybrid was raised in the collection of Norman C. Coal 
son, Esq., of Oakwood, Wylam-on-Tyne, by Mr. Murray, from D. Linawit 
num crossed with the pollen of D. Wardianum giganteum. It is@ robus 
plant with pseudobulbs about three feet long. The flowers are smaller th? 
mice of the pollen parent but with the same general shape. The septs 
are light blush-pink below, passing into rose-purple near the tips: bi 
petals are similar above, but the lower half of each is nearly white. The 
disc of the lip bears a medium-sized maroon blotch, surrounded PY : 
oo zone, then qa nearly white area, and, finally, a rose-purple : 

€ pedicles are 2} inches long, hence it is likely to prove useful for cutting | 
“+ flowered for the first time in 1891.. Messrs. F. Sander and Co. %*— 
Albans, have now acquired a stock of it, and on February 14th last, we™ 
awarded a First-class Certificate for it by the Royal Horticultural Societh 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 87 


under the name of D. x Owenianum, but it seems preferable to regard it asa 
variety of D. x chlorostele, Rchb. f., raised in the collection of Sir Trevor 
Lawrence from the same parentage. Our novelty was dedicated to J. Dyson 
Owen, Esq., of Selwood, near Rotherham, Yorks. 


PHAIUS X AMABILIS. 


Much interest was aroused when Norman C. Cookson, Esq., exhibited at 
ameeting of the Royal Horticultural Society in March, 1890, a beautiful 
hybrid Phaius which he had raised from P. Wallichii 2 and P. tuberculo- 
sus f. It was evident from the plant exhibited that the last-named species 
would become a potent agent in hybridisation, especially if the difficulties 
attending its cultivation should be overcome. We have now to record the 
appearance of another equally distinct and_beautiful hybrid obtained by Mr. 
Seden in Messrs. James Veitch and Sons’ nursery, from P. grandifolius 2 
and P, tuberculosus 2, which received the award of a First-class Certificate 
at the meeting of the Royal Horticultural Society on February 14th. 
The following is a description of the plant. Rhizome very short. Pseudo- 
bulbs and leaves intermediate. Scape about a foot high, and five-flowered in 
the plant exhibited. Flowers about three inches across from the tip of the 
dorsal sepal to the apex of the lip. Sepals and petals white tinted with 
light-rose, milk-white behind ; the sepals lanceolate-oblong, apiculate ; the 
petals a little shorter and broader, obovate-oblong, acute; lip suborbicular 
when spread out, much crisped at the margin, convolute over the column at 
the base, reddish-crimson striated with white, and with three pubescent 
yellowish keels on the disc, the basal area on the under side greenish-yellow. 


‘ CYPRIPEDIUM X EUCHARIS. 


A pretty hybrid raised in the collection of M. Charles Vuylsteke, of 
Loochristy, Ghent, from C. insigne Chantini 2 and C. Lawrenceanum- 
t would appear to be somewhat analogous to C. X Ashburtoniz.—F. 
Desbois in Gardeners’ Chronicle, Feb. 18th, p. 195- 


CYPRIPEDIUM X PARIS. 


: Cypripedium bellatulum was introduced as recently as 1888, and, as was 
inevitable, was at once brought into requisition by the hybridist. Three, at 
least, of its descendants have already flowered, C. x southgatense, C. X 
Lawrebel, and the present one. The photograph here reproduced was taken 
ftom a flower kindly sent by R. H. Measures, Esq., of The Woodlands, 
s treatham, the possessor of probably the finest collection of Cypripediums 
m existence. Mr. Measures states that he bought it among 4 batch of 
“eedlings, but never knew the actual raiser. It is the only plant known. 
“ bellatulum was the seed parent, and the pollen is said to have been 


88 THE ORCHID kKEVIEW. 


derived from C. Stonei. So totally different are the two parents that it 
becomes a somewhat difficult matter to trace their influence in the hybrid, 
At the first glance there seems no trace of the narrow petals and character. 
istic lip of C. Stonei, yet its influence has resulted in a striking modification 
of the C. bellatuium shape, in the dorsal sepal, petals, and lip, as is 
graphically represented in our figure. The ground colour of the flower 


is pale cream slightly suffused with pale green near the base of the segments | 


and with a light flush of purple on the sides of the dorsal sepal and apical 


Fig. 6. CYPRIPEDIUM X PARIS. 


half of the petals. The markings are deep maroon-purple. a 
suffused with light purple in front, paler behind, slightly com ab 
laterally; and the infolded side lobes minutely spotted with maroon?! 
on a pale cream ground. The staminode is flat, suborbicular, and de 
maroon-purple with a pale whitish margin. The colours are cleat ® 
brilliant, as might be expected from its parentage. The plant is said : A 
very robust, with much of the character of C. bellatulum. It is certai) 
Magnificent thing. : 


The lip § | 


Sg 
resect rmenyemesess 


THE ORCHID: REVIEW. 89 


CALENDAR OF OPERATIONS FOR MARCH. 
By W. H. Wuire, Burford, Dorking. 


As the season advances the plants will be greatly aided by the increasing 
length of the days and by sun-heat. The latter will necessitate putting the 
blinds and shading in order, which should be attended to without delay. 
The collection as a whole will require to be protected from the hot sun, 
especially during the hottest part of the day, as the concentration of its 
rays would soon cause much disfigurement to the foliage. At this time of 
year one cannot be too careful in this respect, as if the shading is not 
properly attended to, the leaves quickly get scorched. At the same time do 
not allow the blinds to be down any longer than is really necessary. Fixed 
shadings of any sort I do not agree with, as they exclude the light, which is 
a necessary element in the successful cultivation of Orchids. The best 
system of shading is the ordinary roller blinds. These should be raised 
about five or six inches above the glass, by having a slight wooden frame- 
work fixed on the roof for the blinds to roll on. Abundance of light and air 
is thus allowed to pass between the glass and the canvas, which will help to 
keep down the temperature in hot weather. The fluctuations of tempera- 
the will no doubt be considerable, owing to the prevalence of cold winds, 
with alternating spells of bright sunshine. The houses must therefore be 
carefully regulated according to the weather. If it continues mild outside, 
More moisture may be kept in the atmosphere, and the ventilation should be 
gradually increased whenever practicable. 

In the hottest house, where such plants as Aérides, Saccolabiums, 
Angrecums, &c., have been re-potted or top-dressed, a slight rise in the 
temperature by night may be allowed, but in other departments the 
temperatures previously advised should be maintained. 

During the dull winter months there is no section of Orchids that 
br ighten up the houses so effectively as the Calanthes of the vestita group. 
Coming from very hot countries, they require the lightest and best position 
in the plant stove or East Indian house. They are terrestrial; conse- 
quently the compost used should be of a firmer or more retentive nature than 
= used for many other Orchids. I have tried several different mixtures, but 
a : oS best with the following: one-half good fibrous loam, one- 

eaf soil, the remainder finely chopped sphagnum moss, with a good 
sprinkling of coarse silver sand; the whole being well mixed together. If 
= loam be not procurable, use fibrous peat instead, but less of it, and 
* Jubeig The compost being prepared, should be laid a few days prior 
rig in a suitable place to get warm, otherwise the pseudobulbs may 

2 check from the cold compost. 
It is difficult to determine the exact date of re-potting, which, however, 


go THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


should be done as soon as or a little before the young roots appear. The 
latter is the safer plan, as there is then no danger of the young fibres being 
bruised. Previous to re-potting, shake out all the old soil, and shorten the 
dead roots to about an inch. This portion will help to keep the plants 
steady until the new roots obtain a firm hold of the compost. Clean pots 
should be used, the sizes varying according to the discretion of the cultivator. 
Where house-room is limited, and a quantity of cut flower required, I would 
recommend putting about four or five of the strongest bulbs into seven-inch 
pots, and the same number of moderate-sized ones into a six-inch pot. But 
if space is of little consequence, growing them in single pots is an advantage, 
as during the growing season each bulb can be treated separately, and when 
in bloom a better arrangement made, in order to show off the individual 
spikes to perfection. My practice has been to pot singly, using five and sit- 
inch pots for the strongest bulbs, and proportionately smaller ones for the 
others. Good drainage is necessary, the pots being rather more than half 
filled with clean broken crocks, upon which should be placed a layer of the 
most fibrous part of the compost, in order to prevent the drainage from 
becoming choked. In filling the pots the soil should be shaken down 
moderately firm to within an inch of the top, then place the plant on the 
surface, with additional soil added, so that the base of the bulbs is just 
covered. This will leave about half an inch of space from the soil to the 
rim of the pot, which will allow of a top-dressing of good fibrous loam when 
the plants become thoroughly established. At that time many young roots 
appear on the surface, and this new soil will be very beneficial to them. 
After potting, place the plants in their growing quarters, but give 0° 
water at the root for several weeks, merely damping the stage upon which 
they stand. As the young growths advance a slight sprinkling may be give™ 
but it must be done with discretion, especially before the roots have 4 firm 
hold. The young growths will quickly turn black if too much watet be 
given. When properly rooted abundance of water will be required, aol 
at each alternate watering, weak liquid cow-manure will be benelici@ 
Towards the end of autumn the new bulbs will be nearing maturity, and tht 
foliage turning ‘yellow, when water should be gradually withheld until the 
flowering season is past. It will then be necessary to thoroughly matur’ 
and harden the bulbs, by placing them on a dry shelf close to the roof, in the 
house in which they were grown, thus giving them all the light pore 
Water should be entirely withheld, so that they may start again in! : 
Spring with increased vigour. 
__ The stock may be increased by taking off the old back bulbs and inset 
ing them in pots filled with sphagnum moss, putting as many bulbs # 
possible into each pot. They will soon commence to grow, when they may 
be re-potted as Previously advised. Always endeavour to keep the foliage © : 
Calanthes free from brown scale, by sponging occasionally with soft, SO . 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. gt 


water. When fumigation has to be resorted to for the other inmates of the 
house, I always take the Calanthes out, as the tips of the leaves often turn 
black through tobacco smoke. Calanthe Regnieri and varieties nivalis, 
Sanderiana, Williamsii, and Stevensii will now be in full bloom. They are 
all deserving of cultivation, and help greatly to prolong the Calanthe season. 
The flowers show off to the best advantage when the plants are stood on 
the ground intermixed with ferns. Arranged in this way, the strong, arch- 
ing spikes have a charming effect. 

The rare Eulophia guineensis may also be re-potted now, and should be 
treated the same as the Calanthes in nearly every respect, except that it 
requires more shade when growing. 

Thunias will now require re-potting. The most convenient way is to 
plant six or seven bulbs about three inches apart, in a ten-inch pot, which 
should be half filled with drainage, using loam, peat, and moss in equal 
proportions. Choose a light position in the hottest house and as close to 
the roof glass as possible. The successful blooming of these plants depends 
largely upon the amount of light they get. Each bulb will require a stake 
tohold it frm. If the bulbs are very long, bend them over and tie them 
down, by which means the young growths may be brought near to the light. 
When the growths have started well, and are rooting freely, give 
abundance of water, and an occasional dose of weak liquid cow manure. 
Thunias may be easily propagated by taking off the back bulbs, cutting 
them at the joints into pieces about six or eight inches long, and insert- 
ing them as cuttings into a mixture of sphagnum and coarse silver sand. 

Both curious and extremely interesting are the genera Mormodes, 
Catasetum and Cycnoches. Some of the flowers are very sensitive, ejecting 
their pollen at the slightest touch, others are deliciously scented, and to a 
keen and intelligent observer the construction of the flowers appears marvel- 
lous. Being generally considered difficult plants to preserve in sound 
condition for any length of time, they have been ignored by many ht 
I have experimented with them in several different composts, and have 
found them to succeed best and last longest when grown in chopped 
sphagnum well mixed with crock broken up very small. Immediately they 
commence to grow, they may be shaken out of their old compost and re- 
Potted, using well-drained, shallow, hanging pans, the wire of which, being 
about twelve inches in length, will bring the plants well up to the light. 
ne the next few weeks after re-potting, water very sparingly, ets when 

roots have obtained a firm hold, give abundance. The south side of the 
hottest house will be the most suitable place in which to grow them, but 
When gtowth is completed, a drier and more sunny position is required to 
thoroughly mature and harden the newly made pseudobulbs, a condition 
“sentially necessary for their well being. The resting season S 
“ Prolonged as much as possible. The Mexican house will suit them 


hould also 


92 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


admirably during the winter months, where they must be kept compar. 
tively dry, only enough water being given to prevent excessive shrivelling, 

Ccelogyne cristata and its pure white variety, hololeuca, are among 
the best winter-flowering Orchids we have, and certainly deserve every cate 
and attention we are capable of bestowing upon them. For cutting ani 
decorative purposes their value cannot be over-estimated. It is nowa gool 
time to Te-pot any over-grown specimens, or any that require to be broken wp 
and made into smaller plants, using good turfy loam, fibrous peat, and moss, 
in equal proportions. Unless re-potting be absolutely necessary for thes 
plants, do not disturb their roots in any way, but rather, if in good health, 
allow them to remain as they are. When growth is in full progress, in no 
case should they be stinted for water, as anything approaching drynessat 
the root during this stage of growth will be detrimental to their well doing, 
C. cristata delights in plenty of light, but not actual sunshine, and the codl 
end of the Cattleya house is the proper place for it the whole year round. 

In large and varied collections the principal work now requiring attentiot 
is potting, cleaning, and re-arranging the plants. Before commencing the 
latter process, the roof glass should be well washed both inside and out 
There are many plants that require potting at this season. Those that 
grow in the hottest houses may be taken in hand first, but if time can be 
spared, a few of the cool Odontoglossums that require more root room, and 
those that have just done flowering, may be either re-potted. or top-dresse: 
On no account disturb any Orchid unless absolutely necessary. If there be 
any suspicion of the soil being in an unsatisfactory condition below, cate 
fully pick it all out down to the drainage, and well wash the crocks with sol 
tepid water to remove any accumulation of dirt, allowing the roots and 
crocks to become thoroughly dry before giving fresh material. 


ORCHID PORTRAITS. 


BOTANICAL MAGAZINE. 
TRICHOPILIA SANGUINOL 
Hartweg from Ecuador 
has been Cultivated ma 
winter. The Specific na 


j : a db 
ENTA, Rchb. f.; an interesting species ie 
in 1845, and said not to have been since foul ip 
ny years at Kew, in the cool house, eke 
me is twice wrongly spelt “ sanguinea”; t. 72°" 
GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE. a 
CyNorcuis GRANDIFLORA, Ridl.; the distinct Madagascar terrest 
Orchid noted at P- 59 of our last issue ; February 18th, p. 197, fig. 29 
ILLUSTRATION HORTICOLE. 


ODONTOGLossuM RAMOSISsIMUM, Lindl., var. cazLesTE, L. Lind. 


THE ORCA/ID REVIEW. 93 


Rod. ; a white and lilac form of this variable species ; February 15th, p. 21, 
t. 170. 
GARDENERS’ MAGAZINE. 
CYCNOCHES PENTADACTYLON, Lindl. ; a supplementary plate of the plant 
described at p. 73 of our present issue; February rith, p. 77. 


REVUE DE L’HORTICULTURE BELGE ET ETRANGERE. 
ODoNTOGLOSSUM HARRYANUM, Rchb. f.; February Ist, p. 39, with plate. 


REVUE HORTICOLE. 

CYpRIPEDIUM X ALFRED BLEvu; a handsome hybrid raised from C. 
ciliolare 2 and C. insigne Chantini ¢, by M. Alfred Bleu, of Paris. It com- 
bines well the characters of the parent species, having marbled leaves, a 
large dorsal sepal lined and spotted with light reddish purple, the petals 
spotted to near apex with a similar colour, and the lip purple-brown ; 
February 16th, p. 84, with plate. 


CONTINENTAL NOTES. 
-By CH. DE BOSSCHERE. 


AT the meeting of the Orchidéene, of Brussels, held on February 14th, many 
beautiful and interesting Orchids appeared. The gem of the show was 
the magnificent Odontoglossum crispum leopardinum exhibited by M. G. 
Warocqué, to which a First-class Certificate of Merit was unanimously 
awarded. Lelia x QOweniana, exhibited by M. G. D. Owen, a supposed 
natural hybrid between L. elegans and L. Perrinii, received a First-class 
Diploma of Honour. M. Kegeljan received a Cultural Certificate for a fine 
specimen of Maxillaria triloris with forty flowers, and Messrs. Linden re- 
ceived a similar award for Dendrobium x Ainsworthii, Lycaste gigantea, 
and Dendrochilum glumaceum. Fourteen Certificates of Merit were awarded, 
many of them to fine varieties of well-known species. Cypripedium x 
Claudii and two other new hybrids, which were unnamed, received Diplomas 
of Honour. 

At the Horticultural Meeting at Ghent, held on February 5th, many 
beautiful plants were exhibited, the following being awarded Certificates of 
Merit —Odontoglossum x macrospilum (Rchb. f.), O. x Wilckeanum sul- 
phureum, O. aspersum, O. crispum formosum, O. President Zaldua, Cypri- 
Pedium x. Albertianum, a new hybrid, obtained from C. Spicerianum and 
C. x vernixium in the collection of M. J. Moens, and Dendrobium nobile 
nobilior, Cultural Certificates were awarded to Odontoglossum Pescatorei 
album, Cattleya amethystoglossa, and Cypripedium x Charles Canham, a 
fine specimen with six magnificent flowers. 


94 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


ORCHIDS AT THE ROYAL HORTICULTURAL 
SOCIETY. 


By JOHN WEATHERS. - 


On February 14, there was a cheerful display of Orchids at the Drill Hall, 
James Street, Victoria Street, Westminster, when amateurs and tradesmen 
exhibited in about equal numbers, if not in equal quantities. 

The President of the Society, Sir Trevor Lawrence, Bart., Burford, 
Dorking, sent a few plants, among them being Masdevallia Schroederiana, 
and a new hybrid Cypripedium with the name of “ conco-Lawre,” the result 
of fertilising C. concolor with the pollen of C. Lawrenceanum, The 
flowers are creamy white, speckled with rose, and somewhat resemble those 
of C. x Marshallianum. An Award of Merit was given. , 

From the Botanic Gardens, Glasnevin, Mr. F. W. Moore, F.R.HS, 
sent Diuris maculata, an old but very rare Australian Orchid, with yellow 
flowers blotched with dark reddish-brown, and Eria barbata, having deep 
purple stripes on an orange ground, and very hairy ovary. These two 
Orchids received a Botanical Certificate. From the same collection came 
the canary-yellow Epidendrum xanthinum and the white-flowered Den- 
drobium teretifolium, the stems of which are much like those of 4 
Scuticaria. 


R. Brooman White, Esq., F.R.H.S., Garelochhead, N.B., sent flowers — 


of Cattleya amethystoglossa under the name of C. Claesiana. 

Walter C. Clark, Esq., F.R.H.S., Aigburth Drive, Sefton Park, Liverpool, 
sent Cypripedium x vernixium (C. villosum aureum 2 x C. Argus 4). 

C. J. Ingram, Esq., F.R.H.S., Godalming (gr. Mr. Bond), exhibited @ 
plant of Cattleya Trianz alba. 

A Silver Banksian Medal was awarded Gustav R. le Doux, Est» 
F.R.H.S., Langton House, East Molesey, for a group of Orchids, amom 
which were Cattleya Trianz, Florence le Doux, with slightly flushed sepals 
and petals and a deep crimson lip; Odontoglossum cirrhosum, le Doux vat, 
a form having the segments thickly studded with deep brown blotches; and 
Cochlioda vulcanica grandiflora, a great improvement on the type % 
reason of its brilliant flowers. These three plants each received an Aw 
of Merit. 

ie Little, Esq., The Barons, Twickenham, sent a hybrid from Cypt 
pedium insigne punctato-violaceum ? x C. Spicerianum 7; a good form 
C. x Leeanum, with more purple speckles on the white uppe® sepal. 

The Right Hon. Lord Foley, Ruxley Lodge, Esher (gr. Mr- Milles 
F.R.H.S.), contributed several fine plants of Ccelogyne cristata, sever 
Cypripediums and Calanthes, and four well-flowered specimens of eT 
grandifolius, intermixed with other flowering plants. 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 95 


A small and choice group came from C. J. Lucas, Esq., F.R.HLS., 
Warnham Court, Horsham (gr. Mr. Duncan). Noticeable were Zonia 
polystachya (sometimes called Angraecum Kimballianum) and Angraecum 
hyaloides, with twenty spikes of small pure white blooms; the rosy-flowered 
Epidendrum elongatum ; flowers of Dendrobium Wardianum and its white 
variety album, as well as a plant of Cattleya Trianz alba with flowers very 
much like those of C. Eldorado crocata. : 

Chas. Winn, Esq., Selly Hill, Birmingham, exhibited Cypripedium x 
The Duke (C Stonei 2 x C. barbatum grandiflorum %), a highly-coloured 
flower. 

Thos. Statter, Esq., F.R.H.S., Stand Hall, Whitefield, Manchester 
(gr. Mr. Johnson), sent Cypripedium x Daviesianum (C. Boxalli atratum 
$ x C. Argus Meensii 2). 

E. G. Wrigley, Esq., Victoria House, Dunkinfield, also sent Cattleya 
Trianz alba. 

Mr. James Crispin, F.R.H.S., Chester Park, Fishponds, Bristol, was 
awarded a Bronze Banksian Medal for a collection of cut Cypripediums 
representing over two dozen varieties. 

Messrs. J. Laing and Sons, Forest Hill, exhibited a slender form of 
Dendrobium crassinode. 

Habenaria cinnabarina, Rolfe, a new species with small orange-red 
flowers, and a plant of Cynorchis grandiflora were exhibited by Messrs. 
Lewis and Co., Southgate, N. 

Messrs. Hugh Low and Co., Clapton, were awarded a Silver Flora 
Medal for a group in which healthy Phalenopsis grown in baskets and 
cylinders, Platyclinis glumacea, and Saccolabium bellinum formed the chief 
attraction. The rare Phalenopsis Schilleriana vestalis, Rchb. f., with white 
Substantial flowers, received a First-class Certificate. 

On this occasion Messrs. Paul and Son, of Cheshunt, entered the Orchid 
lists with a large group of Ccelogne cristata, such varieties as alba, maxima, 
Chatsworth var., Lemoniana, &c., being represented, while one plant of alba 
bore a seed-pod which was well advanced towards maturity. 

Messrs. Pitcher and Manda, Hextable, Swanley, received a Silver 
Banksian Medal for a large group of well-flowered Cypripediums, Cattleyas, 
Lelias, Odontoglossums, Oncidiums and Dendrobiums. 

Meeers. F. Ross and Co., Merstham, exhibited a strong plant, bearing 
SIX large flowers of Cymbidium grandiflorum, which was accorded a First- 
Class Certificate. The segments are pale green, striped with reddish-brown, 
the lip being white spotted with brown. 

A Silver Flora Medal was the award to Messrs. F. Sander and Co., 
St. Albans, for a select group, in which were the Mexican Arpophyllum 
. with a dense erect spike of rosy-purple flowers ; marenger 

num (D. Linawianum ¢ x D. Wardianum 4), a very ne hydn 


96 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


raised in the collection of Norman C. Cookson, Esq., F.R.H.S., of Wyla - 
on-Tyne (vide p. 86). D.nobile Amesiz received an Award of Merit. f 
has creamy-white sepals and petals, and a deep wine-red throat. ioe 
cattleya Maynardii (L. pumila Dayana ? x C. dolosa $) also received an 
Award of Merit. The flowers have very much the shape of those of L. 7 
claptonensis (L. x elegans 2 x Cattleya Dormamiana ¢), but are: quite 
distinct in colour, being deep purple with a much darker lip. Dendrobium 
x Sandere (D. nobile albiflorum 2 x D. heterocarpum @) with crea y= 
white flowers, several plants of Cypripedium Exul, and varieties of Lyes 
_Skinnerii, were also in the group. 4 
Mr. H. A. Tracy, F.R.H.S., Amyand Park, Twickenham, exhibitelll 
fine strong Cypripedium x Lathamianum, which differed somewhat f om 
the ordinary forms in having a green instead of brownish-purple peduncle. 
Messrs. J. Veitch and Sons, King’s Road, Chelsea, contributed, asu 
several interesting novelties in the way of hybrids raised by Mr. Sed 
Phaius Xx amabilis (P. grandifolius 2 x .P. tuberculosus @) is a disti 
hybrid which received a First-class Certificate (vide p. 87) ; Cypripedi 
x Winnianum (C. villosum ? x C. Druryi 2) was considered worthy of 
Award of Merit. The flowers are fairly intermediate between the parei 
the prevailing colour being a soft ra brown. Epidendrum x Endre 
Wallisii was also shown. 
Mr. W. Whiteley, F.R.H.S., Hillingdon, Uxbridge, exhibited Cattl 
Triane Hillingdon var. which received an Award of Merit. The sepals 
petals are deep rose, the large lip being an intense purple. a 
To Messrs. B. S. Williams and Son, Upper Holloway, a Silver Flom 
Medal was awarded for a large group of over fifty plants, among which W 
a distinct form of the white Cattleya Trianz, several Cypripediums, inclu 
C. x Morganie, C. x Sallieri, C. x Amesianum,C. x Cythera (C. Spi¢ 
anum 2 x C. purpuratun 3); Gomeza planifolia, Ada aurantiaca, Milte 
Roezlii, Odontoglossum blandum, Lelia harpophylla, Lycaste costé 
Oncidium splendidum, and others. 


REPLIES TO CORRESPONDENTS. 

W.G. M., Taunton.—An unusually small i of Cypripedium Stonet. 

H.j.R. e: orence.—Lzelia anceps Sander 

fea" Puddletowii —A new hybrid; next soars 

H. W. N., Leek.—Many thanks Se photograph ; next month, if possible. 

HLS Co. , Clapton.—The Stanhopea unav oidably stands over 

i. J. H., Edinburgh. — oo received, with thanks ; it would have been BY 

suitable if taken as an isolated specim | 

F. J. P., Windsor.—Probably a new w hybrid. 


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seen Quality 3 12/6 per s sack 5 Second Qn 


epared, beaten , Clea’ 
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‘WALKER & HALL, POOLE. D 


e) 


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(LIMITED)—LINDEN— 


LEOPOLD PARK, BRUSSELS, BELGIUM, 


ORCHID EMPORIUM, 


Che Grandest Choice of Orchids in Cuvrope. 


AN UNIQUE SPECTACLE IN THE WORLD. 


Board of Direction of “1 HORTICULTURE INTERNATIONALE” 
PRESIDENT—J. DE LANSBERGE, Eso., late Governor-General of the Dutch Possessions in India. 
Deruty-Direcror—J. LINDEN, Esq., Honorary Consul-General. : 
Ditrectors—BARON DE BLEICHRODER, H.M. of Great Britain Consul-General ; Banker in Berlin — 

COUNT ADRIEN D’OULTREMONT, M.P. for Belgium. 

waged ARD OTLET, Esq., Landed Proprietor in Brussels. 

G. WARO CQUE, Esq., M. P. for Belgium ; President of ‘‘ L’ORCHIDEENNE.’ 
MANAGING- ee sc LINDEN, Eso., President of the Brussels el Board 


Co 
a FUNCK, Eso., late Manager of ae Zoological Gardens in Brussels and Cologne: 
G. JORIS, Esq., Solicitor in Brussel 


*“ No one can fail to be struck with the ADMIRABLE CLEANTI. INESS, ORDER, and emer whic 
characterise the Plant-Houses of a ee JRE INTERNATIONALE.”—Sir TREVOR LAWRE g & 
deners’ oe October 24, 1 
“ The a gigantic Saito. room, for it teems with beautiful pete see may be 
with perfect ease a enjoyment. In my opinion, Tuts NURSERY IS ONE OF THE y Best of on 
attractions which the beautiful town of Brussels offers to visitors. . . . To those w “ Ww a to look at all “ 
best Orchids grown, as only a few can grow them, I wouLp RecoMMeND a VistT To Mecsas: LiNil | 
ESTABLISHMENT *L’HORTICULTURE INTERNATIONALE.’ ALTOGE THER, THIS NURSERY IS ONE. OF F : 
Most INSTRUCTIVE AS WELL AS ONE OF THE Most DELIGHTFUL To BE FouND IN EUROPE: "— Gant 
and Forest, May 27, 1891. . | 


= IMPORTANT NOTICE. =A wh 
t 
each Visitor to our Establishment who purchases to the amount of £50, 4 discoun 
the expenses of the journey to Brussels (Our Immense Stock at hand, and continuous S>” 
tmportations, enable us to make this exceptional reduction). ve 
___ A Visit to our Establishment will prove most interesting and instructive. Amateurs and Orchids of 
will find at L’Horricutture INTER RNATIONALE 2 he ie and Immense Stock of Orchads; st 
_ perfection, and 50 PER CENT. CHEAPER THAN ELSEWHE 


We offer to 
— will cover 


ORCHIDS A GRAND SPECIALITY. ORCHIDS, ESTABLISHED AND IMPORE 
ORCHIDS FOR THE A TRADE. NEW AND RARE ORCHIDS. 


48 PLANT-HOUSES OF ORCHIDS. 
For CATALOGUES an and d SPECIAL | OFFERS, apply to - 
Messts. LINDEN, L’Horticulture Internationale, BRUSSELS, BELGIUM 
OR TO OUR AGENT FOR THE UNITED KINGDOM, 


MR. P. WEATHERS, POPLAR VILLA, SOUTHGATE, LONDON, | 


APRIL, 1893. [|No. 4. 


THE 


ORCHID REVIEW: 


An Fllustrated Monthly Journal, 


DEVOTED EXCLUSIVELY TO ORCHIDOLOGY 
IN ALL ITS BRANES. 


Contents. 
PAGE | ae 
. = . 97 | Cypripedium x Leda ... eS a ee 
aged of Orchid Hy eS catia | Trichopilia punctata .-.- ia a. Yis 
c BAY: ses 99 | Novelties ae se Sue lis 
Baca, miéctabile: = ... 103 | The Hybridist ... sk ie. 
Omburgkia rosea... on .. 103. Dendrobium x Bella ne as Ae 
Odontoglossum Cervantesii puncta- ae Epiphronitis x Ve itchit vk k. 216 
E oe ee soy ta Cypripedium « Ledouxia .-- ay: 
Pidendrum x Endresio- Wallisii ... 104) Cypripedium « Mrs. Warren- Hook 117 
ec : eee) rochlamys (Fig. | Cypripedium x Erato, etc. ac tie 
A : ... 105 | | Cypripedium x Tacita, etc. cus AID 
cious cy pripedium Boxallii _.. 106 | Calendar of Operations for x a 
; Den dtighbary Collection eee ... 107 | Orchid Portraits oe ae t43 
Gichids ; oe ae Sie - .. r10_ Continental Notes - 1m 
ey Jung : ... 111 | Orchids at Royal fidraata Society $25. 
one cases alba (Fig 8) ape & | Replies to Correspondents .. ~ 128 


PRICE ONE SHILLING. 
LONDON : 
WEST, NEWMAN, & Go., 54, Hatton GarDEN. 


[The right of reproduction is reserved.| 


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i HS “WANUAL OF ‘oataceous PLANTS, 


CULTIVATED UNDER GLASS IN GREAT BRITAIN. 


conta! tae ae lescriptions of all the most important i ies and varieties in cultivation, their origin, Botanical History, 

ee — with Cultural oe &e., &e. ; 

iled to amateurs and cultivators of ex Orchids with a fuller account of the principal genera, 

— cultivated wet r glass than is co stained bi the Manoals hitherto in use. 

hae ris ting or er plant ts,. Mak in our aeinich, created the es niet ge en we are aa ow 

s and varities of Orchids at present in cultivation, and to which additions are constantly being 

a tag apa oad hybridisation, ads at the labour attending the compilation of a Manual sufficiently 

{ ed orig wants of cultiv ecessarily demand much time. 

therefore, decided upon adele aes acnk in slay eac aoe containing a monograph of the cultivated haces 

of one of the most i atl aries, or of a of genera. : 
READY :— 

‘Price, 7s. oe by post, 7s. gd. ee 

ELI a ‘Price by asi 10s, gd. 


APRIL, 1893. [No. 4. 


NOTES. | 


Wo meetings of the Royal Horticultural Society will be held during 
pril, on the r1th and 25th, respectively, at the Drill Hall, James’ Street, 
= oria Street, Westminster, when the Orchid Committee will meet at 
20’clock, noon. The afternoon lecture on the former date will be given 
r Everard F. im Thurn, at 3 p.m., the subject being “ Orchid Life in 


biana. 


The subject is an attractive one, and as the lecturer has a practical 

ledge of the subject, being in fact celebrated for his successful ascent 
nt Roraima a few years ago, a very interesting lecture may be 
ated 


ormation of this kind is frequently difficult to obtain, as commercial 
ations seem to require that collectors of Orchids should work as 


of the most profitable kind. We are, therefore, the more inclined 
ome such a lecture as the one just mentioned. 


vent of the month is undoubtedly the great Quinquennial Inter- 
Exhibition at Ghent, which opens on the 16th, and closes a week 
As pointed out in our February issue, seventy-four classes are set 
or Orchids, with several prizes in each. These include collections and 
Specimens of all the important garden genera, also for collections 
- We believe that several of our British nurserymen will be 


observe in two recent publications a hybrid Cypripedium, to which ; 
of C. x memoria Moensii has been given, in memory of the late” 
| 7 


98 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


M. J. Moens, of Lede, the raiser. But this is an innovation which we hope 
not to see repeated. The second name is presumably given to prevent 
confusion with the plant formerly called C. Moensii, which is only a 
variety of C. Argus, and now known under its proper name of C. Argus 
Moensii. 


Numerous plants have been named in memory of persons deceasel, 
and a little extension of the above system would lead to some rather curious 
developments. Unfortunately, we have already a parallel instance, which 
will at least serve to point a moral. 


We have Cypripedium hybridum, C. hybridum Eyermanianum, t. 
hybridum Pollettianum, C. hybridum Youngianum, and several others, 
which, to the uninitiated, would appear to indicate that C. hybridum was 
rather variable, and had several varieties, just as we have C. x Leeanlt, 
C. x Leeanum superbum, C. x Leeanum giganteum, and others; of 
Cattleya hybrida and C. hybrida picta. Nothing of the kind, however, 
intended, 


It has been found desirable to adopt some means of distinguishing 
hybrids from species. A botanical rule required that a hybrid should 
receive the name of its two parents, as Cypripedium F airieano-barbatum 
for C. x vexillarium—a method not viewed with much favour by hott 
culturists, and moreover hardly applicable to those of unknown parentage, 
and to secondary hybrids. A shorter method, and one more eerie 
followed, is the use of the sign ‘‘ x,” to indicate a plant of hybrid orig! 
though some prefer to prefix the word “ hybridum” in the same = 
The result we have just pointed out, and similar examples could be culled 
from other genera. 


Sometimes the word hybridum is placed in brackets thus—* (hybridum 
when it is not open to the same objection, though far more cumbrous thi? 
the simple “x,” which means the same thing, and is not liab 
construction. 


le to mis 


The truth is, the nomenclature of hybrids is sufficiently difficult, a 


are apt to be rather variable ; sometimes even from the same seed-PO® 
it may yet be necessary to distinguish a variety of C. x memoria M ne 
though we rather shudder at the thought of further extension. We - 
suggest that the hybrid in question be called simply C. X Moensil- 

A number of the Kew Bulletin which has just been issued, in “ 
of an Appendix, is devoted to the New Garden Plants of 189% " 
might be expected, includes many Orchids. / 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 99 


THE HISTORY OF ORCHID HYBRIDISATION. 
PART IV. 
(Continued from page 71.) 


For a quarter of a century English hybridists completely monopolised the 
field; but in 1881 a French hybrid appeared. In the Revue Horticole for 
that year (p. 346), the flowering of two unnamed seedling Cattleyas is 
recorded by M. Bergman. T hey were raised by M. Alfred: Bleu, of Paris, 
from C. intermedia crossed with the pollen of C. Aclandiz. This hybrid, 
which is a decidedly handsome one, afterwards received the name of C. x 
calummata. 

Here we may remark that, although we have hitherto attempted to give 
a complete list of the various hybrids raised, and as nearly as possible in 
the order of their appearance, so far as existing records and published — 
descriptions permitted, it is not intended to follow this method throughout. 
In the early history of the subject this was important; but we may now 
content ourselves with recording the more important hybrids, leaving some 
of the others until we come to consider the various genera separately. 
Owing to their increasing number and irregular publication, a strictly 
chronological arrangement is impossible, though this method will be fol- 
lowed as far as possible. 

One important hybrid which was. previously overlooked must here be 
mentioned, namely, Cypripedium x selligerum, the first cross from C. 
philippinense. It was raised in the collection of Messrs. James Veitch and 
Sons, of Chelsea, and was figured and described in their catalogue for 1878. 
C. barbatum was the seed parent. It is a stately plant, and partakes 
largely of the racemose character of the pollen parent. 

The year 1881 may be said to have witnessed the completion of a quarter 
ofa century’s work in this interesting field, as it was just twenty-five osnite 
Prior to this date that Calanthe x Dominii flowered for the first time. 
= next decade witnessed some striking developments, as will hereafter be 

n. 

‘D uring 1882 several interesting hybrids appeared, the most noteworthy 
: 5g Lelia callistoglossa, Cypripedium x microchilum, Selenipedium x 
rdinale and Masdevallia x Fraseri, the last-named being the work of a 
“€W operator, 
It acs irst-named was a plant of sterling merit, and a great eee 
obtained by crossing Lelia purpurata with the pollen of Cattleya 
ic and was described under the name of Lelia x ole 
hie “n was the raiser. The flower of this hybrid is exceptionally ee : 
€ lip very richly coloured. It is perhaps unequalled, and certainly 


Uns F 
“passed, at the present time. 


100 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


Cypripedium x microchilum is a distinct and charming little plant, 
obtained by Mr. Seden by crossing C. niveum with the pollen of C. Druryi, 
neither of which species had before been used by the hybridist. The plant 
bears the most unmistakable evidence of its origin. It has the general 
character of C. niveum, though both leaves and flowers are modified in 
shape, and the dark median band of the dorsal sepal and petals of the pollen 
parent is conspicuously present in the hybrid. 

Masdevallia x Fraseri, the second hybrid in the genus, was raised in the 
collection of Mr. Fraser, of Derncleugh, near Aberdeen, from M. ignea and 
M. coccinea (afterwards cailed M. Lindeni), the former being recorded as 
the seed parent. It is a bright and attractive hybrid, showing a distinct 
combination of characters derived from the two parent species. 

Cypripedium x Williamsianum was raised in the collection of Robert 
Warner, Esq., of Broomfield, near Chelmsford, and was dedicated to the 
late Mr. B. S. Williams, of Holloway. Its parents were C. villosum and C. 
venustum. 

Dendrobium x Leechianum was raised by Mr. W. Swan, in the collet 
tion of W. Leech, Esq., of Fallowfield, near Manchester, from D. aureum 
crossed with the pollen of D. nobile. Thus it has the reversed parentag? 
of D. x Ainsworthii and D. x splendidissimum. It is a handsome fom, 
much resembling the last-named one. 

Selenipedium x cardinale was obtained by crossing S. x Sedeni with 
the pollen of S. Schlimii albiflorum. Mr. Seden was the raiser. It 8# 
very handsome hybrid; the rose-coloured lip contrasts effectively with the 
seer pure white segments. A figure is given in our last issue, P: 8h, 

8: 5: 

Cypripedium x macropterum is a stately hybrid raised from C. Lowi? 
and C. superbiens $7. Like the preceding, it was raised in the establishment 
of Messrs. James Veitch and Sons, at Chelsea. It is said to be one of the 
comparatively few hybrids in which the characters of the seed parent pi 
dominate in the flower, and those of the pollen parent in the foliage. 

The hybrids of 1883 were not numerous; but three very interesting om 
were described—namely, Calanthe x lentiginosa, Selenipedium Schroeder 


and Cattleya x triophthalma, all of which were raised in the Royal Exot 
Nursery. 


species described only four years previously. C. x Veitchii was the ee 
parent. It is a very pretty hybrid, with white flowers, the sepals and 
flushed with pale rose, and the base of the lip spotted with bright 
Some darker varieties afterwards appeared. 

Selenipedium x Schroederze was the result of crossing 5+ © 
with the pollen of S. x Sedeni. It is one of the finest hybrids in ao 
being both robust and floriferous, while the flowers are larg® well- | 


qudatu® 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 101 


and very richly coloured. It was dedicated to Baroness Schroder, of The 
Dell, Egham. 

The hybrid to which the name of Cattleya x triophthalma was given is 
a beautiful and singularly distinct one. It was obtained from Cattleya 
superba, crossed with the pollen of Lelia x exoniensis, and flowered for the 
first time when eight years old. Two plants only were raised, which are 
now in the collections of Baron Sir Henry Schréder and the Hon. F. L. 
Ames, respectively. 

During 1884 at least half a dozen handsome novelties flowered, five of 
them at the Royal Exotic Nursery, the other in the collection of Sir Trevor 
‘Lawrence, Bart., M.P., who now entered the lists for the first time. 

Calanthe x porphyrea was the first hybrid which flowered in the Burford 
collection. C. vestita rubro-oculata is said to have been the seed parent, 
and C. labrosa the pollen parent. It is one of the handsomest of hybrid 
Calanthes, and the colours are surprising brilliant, considering its parentage, 
if that has been correctly recorded. 

Cypripedium x Leeanum was a great acquisition, and the first hybrid 
from C. Spicerianum, described five years previously. C. insigne Maulei 
Was the seed parent. It was raised by Mr. Seden, and was dedicated to W. 
Lee, Esq., of Leatherhead, then the possessor of a very fine collection of 
Orchids, Singularly enough the name has since been transferred to an 
inferior form, raised from the ordinary form of C. insigne, while the original 
hybrid has been called C. x Leeanum superbum. 

Lelia x Amesiana was a handsome hybrid raised by Mr. Seden from 
Lelia crispa fertilised with the pollen of Cattleya maxima. It was dedicated 
to the Hon. F. L, Ames, of North Easton, Mass., U.S.A. It is a very 
handsome hybrid, in which the characters of the seed parent somewhat 
Preponderate. 

Lelia x bella was obtained by crossing L. purpurata with the pollen of 
the old autumn-flowering Cattleya labiata. It was raised by Mr. Seden, 
but is recorded as having first flowered in Baron Schréder’s collection. It 
'S@ richly coloured and very handsome hybrid. — 

. yptipedium x porphyrochlamys was derived from C. barbatum War- 
istanum crossed with the pollen of C. hirsutissimum, and thus was the 
first hybrid derived from the latter. It is an exceedingly handsome hybrid, 
and was named in allusion to its brilliant purple-crimson colour. Mr. 

€n was the raiser. It is figured in our present issue, P- 105, fig. 7- 

Masdevallia x Gairiana, which next appeared, was derived from M. 

fitchiana crossed with the pollen of M. Davisii, a handsome yee 
flowered Species not previously used by the hybridist. Mr. Seden was the 
“aiser, and the plant was named after Mr. John Gair, of: Falkirk. oe gies 
handsome hybrid with orange-yellow flowers studded with violet papilla. 

In 1885 the occurrence of three more Continental hybrids was recorded 


102 : THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


by M. Bergman, all of them belonging to the genus Cypripedium, but only 
one representing a new combination. our. 

The first of these was raised by M. Bauer, of Paris, between Cypr- 
pedium insigne Chantini and C. barbatum. It was called C. x Laforcadei, 
but strictly speaking must be ranked as a variety of C. x Ashburtonie, 
raised by Mr. Cross from the same two species. 

The second was raised by M. Alfred Bleu, of Paris, between C. superbiens 
and C. javanicum, the latter species not having been previously utilised by 
the hybridist. This hybrid, then unnamed, was afterwards called C. x 
javanico-superbiens. 

The third, C. x Sallieri, was raised by M. Godefroy Lebeuf, of Argens 
teuil, its parents being C. villosum and C. insigne. Thus it must be ranked 
as a variety of C. x nitens raised by Mr. Seden from the same two species. 

One other Cypripedium was also recorded in another work, namely, 
C. x Dauthieri. It was described as the first Continental hybrid, but the 
raiser is not stated, nor yet when it flowered for the first time. It is, how- 
ever, orily a variety of C. x Harrisianum. 

The English hybrids of 1885 all appear to have been raised in the estab- 
lishment of Messrs. Veitch, of Chelsea. 

The first one recorded was Dendrobium x euosmum, the earliest 
secondary hybrid in the genus. It was derived from D. x endocharis and 
D. nobile, the former, itself a hybrid, being the seed parent. It is avy 
charming hybrid, its flowers being white with a deep maroon-purple dist, 
and deliciously fragrant. i 

The next was a Selenipedium, derived from S. Roezlii and S. Schlim! 
albiflorum, the latter being the pollen parent. It was described as Cypt 
pedium x leucorrhodum. As the seed parent is scarcely more, than @ 
Seographical variety of S. longifolium, the present hybrid may be classed a 
a handsome variety of S. x Sedeni. 

Zygopetalum x pentachromum is said to have been obtained from L. 
Mackayi 2 and Z. maxillare g, and to have the inverted parentage of Z.% 


Sedeni, of which it may rank as a variety. The seed is said to have — 
sown in 1876, 


: re ta 
Lelia x Canhamiana is said to have been derived from Laelia purpu’™ 


and Cattleya Mossiz, and to have flowered for the first time when thitt 
years old. It is a very handsome hybrid, and was dedicated 
Canham, one of the Orchid foremen at the Royal Exotic Nursery: 
Cypripedium x radiosum, the first C. Lawrenceanum ¢f0S* 
obtained by crossing this species with the pollen of C. Spicerianum 
Presents a distinct combination of the characters of the two parent § es 
Reichenbach’s remark that it was “a cross between the natural spe 


and the Sedenian-raised Orchid ” is inexplicable, as he records the parent3s° 


above given, 


was 
It 


to Mr 


| 
| 
| 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 103 


Cattleya x porphyrophlebia, with which we complete our record for the 
year, was the result of crossing C. intermedia with the pollen of C. superba. 
Reichenbach states that it flowered for the first time when four years old, 
an unusually short period for a Cattleya, if the record is correct. It derived 
its name from the handsome purple veining of the lip. The characters of 
the seed parent decidedly preponderate in this hybrid, the colour especially 
resembling that of C. intermedia. 


(To be continued.) 


CYPRIPEDIUM SPECTABILE. 


This handsome North American species does not succeed everywhere, and 
probably many more people would grow it but for this difficulty. It is a 
bog plant, and is abundant in many of the peat bogs of Canada and the 
N. E. United States, and what is particularly interesting is that it has 
recently been discovered on the borders of China and Tibet. Mr. Field, of 
Stanley Hall Gardens, Bridgenorth, has recorded in The Garden for March 
th, p. 192, his success in cultivating it. Selecting a border sheltered on 
the west by a high yew hedge, he removed the soil to a depth of eighteen 
inches, refilling with a compost of loam, leaf mould, broken potsherds, and 
coarse silver sand, and then planted the roots firmly, but not deeply, and 
When rooted gave them a good soaking with water. This was repeated 
two or three times during the growing season. A light fence three feet 
high was also erected on the east side. Thus treated they increase in 
‘ize and flower admirably. It is not too late for those who wish to make 
the experiment. The essentials are suitable soil, moderate shade, and 
Plenty of water at the root. 


SCHOMBURGKIA ROSEA. 


Although described nearly half a century ago, this handsome New 
‘anadan Schomburgkia does not appear to have been introduced to culti- 
vation until quite recently. Last year, however, it flowered with mcwete 
B.S. Williams and Son, of Upper Holloway, and in February last with H. 
J- Ross, Esq., of Florence. It is the nearest ally of S. undulata, but has 
‘ather smaller flowers, which are more uniform in colour. The sepals and 
eae are very undulate, dull reddish purple in colour, and the gi araggt 
Tose, with three undulate white keels on the disc. The column is densely 
= ted with minute dusky purple dots on a pale ground. Like S. eee 
na flowers and bracts are crowded at the apex of the peduncles. Byt < 
"Ys has any one tried crossing this genus with any of the large-flowere 


Cat : 
tleyas? It might yield some interesting results. 


104 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


EPIDENDRUM x ENDRESIO-WALLISII. 


It was a rather happy idea of Mr. Seden to cross Epidendrum Wallisi 
with the pollen of the elegant little E. Endresii, as the resulting hybrid has 
now proved. It is a charming little plant, and when exhibited at a meeting 
of the Royal Horticultural Society on January 12, 1892, was awarded @ 
First-class Certificate. It has now proved to be rather variable, as Mess 
Veitch have sent us flowers from four different plants, all of which are 
different. The first has the sepals and petals suffused and dotted with 
maroon, and the four-lobed lip light yellowish white, irregularly blotche — 
and veined with dull purple, and the crest orange. The second has the 
flowers a little smaller, the sepals and petals darker except at the bast 
which is pallid, and the lip almost suffused with light purple, and veined 
with darker purple on the disc. The third has the sepals and petals light 
yellow at the base, and light purple above, and the lip very similar to ie 
preceding. In the fourth the lower half of the sepals and petals is yellows 
white, and the upper part suffused and spotted with light purple; the lip 
also suffused with this colour, but scarcely at all veined. The purple of the 
sepals and petals of this hybrid is a curious feature, as the pollen parent ht 
these organs white, while the mother plant has them yellow spotted wit 
very dark maroon-purple. To. account -for the peculiarity we may assume 
that in the hybrid the colouring pigment of the spots has become suffused 
through the segments, The flowers are nearly an inch in diameter, and 
when the plants become stronger they will probably improve. In baht 
two parents are widely diverse, and an intermediate form should be 4 decid 
improvement. This pretty hybrid appears to be very floriferous. 


ODONTOGLOSSUM CERVANTESII PUNCTATISSIMUM 


This rare and handsome variety has just flowered in the collection : 
Capt. H. P. Greenwood, F.L.S., Harnham Cliff, Salisbury. It rete 
— lightly flushed with pink, and above the usual brown spots A 
ee tee purple ones, which extend to the summit of all t 
Segments. It has the toothed lip of the variety decorum. 


Odontoglossum Cervantesii punctatissimum, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron., 1878) B® 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 105 


CYPRIPEDIUM x PORPHYROCHLAMYS. 


THE magnificent hybrid whose portrait we now present to our readers was 
obtained by Mr. Seden, in the establishment of Messrs. James Veitch 
and Sons, of Chelsea, from Cypripedium barbatum Warnerianum crossed 
with the pollen of C. hirsutissimum, and was the first hybrid in whose 


CYPRIPEDIUM X PORPHYROCHLAMYS. 


Fig. 7. 


Parentage the last-named species had participated. It flowered for the first 
time in 1884. 
n The leaves are less distinctly tessellated than those of the seed parent, 

ut in the shape of the flower the influence of the pollen parent greatly 


106 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


preponderates. The prevailing colour is deep crimson-purple, which is 


suffused through a considerable part of the flower. The upper sepal has 


a white margin and some dark veins on the disc. The petals ate light 
yellowish-green at the base, dotted with minute blackish warts, th 
remainder being glossy crimson-purple. The lip is brownish-purple 
front, ‘inclining to greenish behind, and the staminode brownish-purple 
We believe it is also very rare. 

C. x Fraseri is a very similar form, and was probably derived from the 


; : ae * caveaeeed 
same two species, though, according to existing records, from the reverse 
parentage. 


The colouration of this hybrid is somewhat peculiar, and very attract 


: . the 
It evidently arises from the union of the. diverse colour-pigments of 


: er ; ‘~ evident, asthe 
two species. That it is of no mere accidental character 1S evident, ) 


. 


ah cae : - < irsutissimus 
same peculiarity is seen in C. x Castleanum, derived from C. hirsu 


and C. superbiens. It would therefore be a very promising experiment 
cross C. hirsutissimum with C. Lawrenceanum, C. Curtisii, and some . 
species of the tessellated-leaved group. We commend the expel 
to our readers. Re 

The photograph here reproduced was taken from a flower kin y 
by Baron Sir Henry Schréder, of The Dell, Egham. 


A A 6: Vaile 
Cypripedium x porphyrochlamys, Rchb, f. in Gard. Chron. 1884, i. P. 479) 
Man. Orch., iv. p. 96 ; Orchid Album, ix., t. 426. 


A CURIOUS CYPRIPEDIUM BOXALLI. 


, : to us bf 
A very curious specimen of Cypripedium Boxallii has been sent 


nd the 
H. J. Ross, Esq., of Florence, in which the scape is two-flowered 3 


inci 
lowermost bract developed into a normal leaf over eight and a halt 


hat 
long. It affords a capital illustration of the well-known fact t | 


‘ only # 
peduncle is only an elongated portion of the axis, and the feic 


modified leaf. Were it not for the elongated scape below the 2 axil 


might consider it an example of an additional sessile flower “2 a ong 
the leaf, as the stalk of the uppermost flower is three and a halt? g sett 
‘ The flowers are quite normal in character. When the specimen a ip 
the uppermost flower was only a bud, but the scape being placed ye hav? 
an ordinary room, this bud ultimately expanded precisely S pees a fool” 
done if left on the plant, which fact shows the value of the leaf oe 
orm These abnormal developments are apt to be very instructive 


a a 


| 


: 
+ 
i 
i 
t 


| 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 107 


THE HIGHBURY COLLECTION. 


To any one who contemplates forming a collection of Orchids, the wealth 
of materials to select from must sometimes prove rather embarrassing. 
There is abundant scope for individual tastes to come into play, and conse- 
quently not the remotest possibility of one dead level of uniformity being 
reached. The truth of these propositions is well illustrated in the three 
collections which have been described in our preceding numbers, and in 
some respects will be further emphasised to-day. 

The collection brought together by the Right Hon. J. Chamberlain, 
M.P., at his residence, Highbury, Moor Green, near Birmingham, is a 
very extensive, and at the same time a very select one. Much care and 
forethought has been expended upon it, and with the most. satisfactory 
results. Mr. Chamberlain, as is well known, takes a special interest in 
this handsome family. He is a collector of the best varieties of the most 
beautiful species, or those most useful as decorative plants; and, further, 
has an intimate knowledge of the history of individual specimens, and of 
the various expedients which in some cases had to be resorted to before 
they could be induced to grow and flower satisfactorily. 

Thirteen houses are devoted to Orchids. These, with some others, 
together with a lofty conservatory, are connected by a corridor, which 
extends from the dwelling, and the whole block of buildings is so arranged 
that any part of it may be visited without going into the open air. The 
Principal houses are fitted with electric lighting apparatus, and when used 
the effect is said to be very charming. 

The Orchids are under the care of Mr. H. A. Burberry, on whom they 
reflect great credit, being well cultivated generally, and in excellent health. 
Many rarities are represented in the collection, and some of these will be 
pointed out as we proceed. 

In the corridor is a fine strong plant of the tall Sobralia Cattleya, which 
stows well, but, as at Burford, cannot be induced to flower. Some day, 
perhaps, the shy beauty may be induced to unfold her charms—for we are 
assured it is a beautiful thing, and less fugacious than many others—but 
the secret of success has yet to be learnt. Perhaps we do not yet under- 
Stand sufficiently the conditions under which the plant grows in its native 
habitat, 

The Cattleya house contains a superb collection of Cattleyas and 
Lalias, including many varieties of great merit, and all in the most 
“igorous health. Cattleya Gaskelliana albens and C. Mossia Wageneri are 
in the collection, also fine plants of C. Trianz alba, and other white Cattleyas. 
The unique C. Gaskelliana picta is a handsome thing, with the sepals and 
Petals regularly striped or flamed along the centre with a deeper shade of 
colour, as in the case of C. Mossie Hardyana. The beautiful Cattleya 


108 : _ THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


| 
labiata is well represented, thanks to its re-introduction ; which is certainly 
one of the most important horticultural events of recent years, The 
fragrant and beautiful C. Schroeder and C. Bowringiana succeed admirably, 
while the commoner forms of the labiata section are, of course, grown in 
quantity and with great success. 

Among natural hybrids we may note the rare C. x sororia, also C. x 
Brymeriana, and of garden hybrids numerous examples, among which the 
rare Veitchian C. x Chamberlainiana cannot be overlooked, also the 
beautiful Lzelio-cattleya x exoniensis. In fact hybrids generally are well 
represented. Several promising seedlings have been raised in the collet- 
tion, from which good things are expected. One of these is a particularly 
interesting cross between Lelia cinnabarina and Cattleya Lawrenceana. 
Suspended from the roof in this house are some healthy Comparettias, als 
Sarcochilus Hartmanni, and other dwarf species, which succeed well. 

The Phalzenopsis house, which is double glazed, contains a fine collection 
of healthy plants, with large leaves and an abundance of roots. The bulk 
of the plants consist of P. Schilleriana and P. Aphrodite, but many other 
species are represented, and succeed equally well. They also flower in 
profusion, which indicates pretty clearly that they appreciate the treatmett 
given, 

In the next division, among other things, is a fine batch of Angrecut 
Sanderianum, which flowers very profusely and is a great favoutilt 
Aérides Lawrencez also, and Miltonia Roezlii succeed well in this house. 

In the intermediate house a nice batch of the beautiful Vanda ceerulea® 
grown, in company with the Dendrobiums, and receives the same treatmet! 
both during the growing and resting season. Species of Chysis, Mormodes 
Catasetum, and other genera, also cultivated in this house, show that cu 
species are not altogether neglected. A fine batch of Odontoglossum grantt, 
good plants of Cattleya maxima and Oncidium incurvum are also inel 
together with Lelia pumila and its varieties, Oncidium Forbesii, Cattle? 
x Dominiana, a charming hybrid between C. intermedia and C. SUP 
Dendrobium formosum, and others. 

The cool Odontoglossum house contains a fine collection of very health 
plants, among which are many superb forms of O. crispum, which Is 48" 
favourite. A rigid process of selection, however, is carried out, and a 
the best forms are retained. O. Pescatorei and numerous other sae 
also well represented, together with a number of the beautiful : 
hybrids so common in this genus. The smaller species are om ah she 
suspended from the roof, and include O. Rossii, O. Cervantesii, and oat 
varieties, also several of the allied species, and a number of meee 
# Pa charming scarlet-flowered Cochlioda Noezliana, one of HFT od 
ol recent’i ions in thi coe 

ntroductions in this group. ag varieties ® | 


The Mexican house contains a magnificent collection of t 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 109 


Lelia anceps, which it would be difficult to surpass throughout the country. 
One called L. anceps highburiensis is the darkest of the coloured forms, 
while the one with the largest flower and most perfect shape is L. anceps 
grandiflora, a really splendid form. The numerous white varieties here 
flower very freely. A good batch of the pretty L. flava and another of L. 
harpophylla are grown, and when in flower are very showy. The pretty 
hybrid L. x flammea is also noticeable, on account of the peculiar colour of 
its lowers. Lelia Gouldiana and several’ other interesting forms are also 
included. 

In the next house a splendid collection of Miltonia vexillaria is grown, 
and particularly well grown too. This species is also a great favourite. 
Its variability is well known, and as might be expected, some very hand- 
some forms are in the collection. Ccelogyne cristata and its varieties, and 
some of the smaller Cattleyas are also grown here. 

Then comes a house in which the Lycastes are grown, also Oncidium 
tigrinum and a superb collection of the beautiful Odontoglossum citrosmum, 
which is grown to perfection. Many other interesting things might be 
enumerated. 

The Masdevallias have a snug little house all to themselves, and the 
showy species are represented in force. M. coccinea in its multitudinous 
varieties, the beautiful yellow M. Davisii, the scarlet M. ignea, and the 
chaste and fairy-like M. tovarensis are great favourites, while the smaller 
species also are represented by healthy examples. 

Dendrobiums are special favourites, and all the best kinds, both species 
and hybrids, are represented, some of them in quantity, consequently a large 
amount of space is given to this most useful genus. One house contains 
the bulk of the deciduous or semi-deciduous species, which require similar 
treatment, while those which require more heat, as D. Phalznopsis, D. 
bigibbum, D. superbiens, and allies are placed in another house, where they 
stow with the greatest freedom and flower in profusion. Many of He 
Dendrobiums grow with unusual vigour, as D. Wardianum and the varieties 
of D. nobile, also some of the hybrids, as D. X Ainsworthii, D. x Leechia- 
num, D. x Cassiope, and D. x Venus, which latter are plants of the 
easiest possible culture, exceedingly floriferous, and of the greatest possible 
decorative value. When in flower some of these plants are a perfect picture 
of loveliness. 

A few of the Cattleyas require rather more sun and heat than the 
others, and these are kept apart from the general collection, and less 
Shading used. These are C. Warscewiczii and C. Dowiana, with the 
beautiful natural hybrids between them, as C. x Hardyana and its 
Variety Massaiana, also C. Warneri, C. Percivaliana, C. Lawrenceana, and 
afew others. Being thus kept apart, their wants are the more easily looked 
after. Other plants which require similar treatment also find a home here. 


Z10 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


One group which in many collections occupies a very prominent 
position has yet to be mentioned, namely, the Cypripediums. They are not 
unrepresented, it is true, but their number is comparatively small. The 
fact is the majority of them are not liked. Those which vary a little from the 
stiff and formal shape, and from the endless mixtures of green and brown 
so common in the genus, find a place. There is a nice batch of plants of 
the niveum section, as C. niveum and C. bellatulum; C. Stonei also is 
included. The remarkable New Guinea species, C. Chamberlainianum, 
which was named after Mr. Chamberlain, is also appropriately represented 
by one of the best pieces imported. Selenipedium Schlimii, as well as S. x 
Sedeni and its pretty varieties, are also among the few that find favour with — 
Mr. Chamberlain. | 

A multitude of names could be added to the account of this choice ant 
valuable collection, but a mere catalogue would only be wearisome. Many 
of the species are grown in quantity, and poor forms are not allowed to 
remain. The Dendrobiums, Odontoglossums, Cattleyas and Leelias, and 
the Phalenopses are the pride of the collection, and most of the other 
things which are included are of a decidedly showy character. 


DENDROBIUM x BARBATULO-CHLOROPS. 


Natural hybrids in the genus Dendrobium are by no means commoh 
The best known example is D. x crassinodi-Wardianum, whose intermediatt 
character is unmistakable. Two or three others have been reported, but 
these are, to say the least, doubtful. Last year, however, a second example 
came to light, in the collection of Major-General E. S. Berkeley, Spetehley: 
Bitterne Park, Southampton, and the plant is again flowering with him. 
is a natural hybrid between D. barbatulum and D. chlorops, which species 
grow together in hundreds in the Deccan Peninsula, S. India. It has 3° 
unmistakable combination of the characters of the two parent species. The 
flowers are white, much like those of D. barbatulum, with a similar acute 
Spur, but the side lobes of the lip are wholly green, as in D. chlorop® 
instead of being lined with purple, as in the other species. The hairy dis¢ 
most resembles that of D. barbatulum. It isa very interesting plant. 


Dendrobium x barbatulo-chlorops, Rolfe in Gard. Chron., 1892, i. p. 298+ 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 11K 


NOTES ON ORCHIDS IN THE JUNGLE. 
By MAJOR-GENERAL E. S. BERKELEY. 
(Continued from page 83.) 


THERE is a group of Dendrobiums commonly found both in the plains and 
on the hills, very extensively distributed throughout Northern India, Assam, 
and Burma, from latitude 1o° N. to 27° N. Of these probably the most 
common is Dendrobium Pierardii. This plant is found in the lower ranges 
of the Himalayas, on the mangrove trees in the hot swamps of the Sounder- 
bunds, in Assam, and universally throughout Burma. 

As might be expected, under such various conditions of growth, there 
is a great difference, not only in the size and quality of the flowers, but also 
as to varieties of easy growth in our home Orchid houses. The varieties 
growing in the hot plains are not only miserable both as regards the quality 
of both plants and flowers, but being accustomed to great heat, do not 
accommodate themselves to the different conditions of our houses in 
England. The varieties growing in the ranges of the Himalayas below 
Darjeeling, and in the various hill ranges throughout Assam and Burma, 
are very good, both in strength of growth and freedom of flowering, and 
are much more easy of cultivation. The best varieties can be distinguished 
when out of flower by their stems, which are both longer and stouter than 
those of the low country form. 

D. Pierardii is generally found growing on the stems and branches 
of trees, frequently in company with D. Parishii, to which plant the same 
remarks regarding the quality of the flowers are applicable. The low 
Country variety of D. Parishii is generally very poor, the plants stunted 
and the flowers small ; whereas the immense bulbs of the hill variety, which 
was called by the late Professor Reichenbach “ Dives,” give a wealth 
‘of extremely fine flowers and is certainly a very showy Orchid. 

In consequence of certain plants collected with D. Pierardii and D. 
Parishii turning out intermediate between the two, Reichenbach considered 
that they might be considered natural hybrids. ' 

he first one that made its appearance was that found by Mr. Boxall in 
1874. This plant was named D. rhodopterygium, Rchb. f. The —— 
of this plant are erect in habit, and smooth, as in many of the varieties 
of Pierardii. ‘The flowers are attractive and of pleasing colour, with 
4 slight white band round the edge of the lip. 

The other plant, called by Reichenbach D. polyphlcebium, has more the 
‘@Ppearance of D, Parishii var. Dives. The stems are long and drooping, 
not erect and smooth, as in D, rhodopterygium, and the old stems are 
‘Covered with loose sheaths, in the same way as is often the case with D. 


tia THE ORCHID REVIEW. } 


Parishii. The plant is also much freer in growth and more floriferous, 
The lip is larger and has a broader white band round it. Especially is this 
the case in one of the forms which Reichenbach calls D. polyphlcebium 
var. Emericii. D. polyphleebium was found by me on four different 
occasions growing with D. Pierardii. 

No doubt the flowers of D. rhodopterygium and D. polyphlcebium are 
very similar, and the view generally accepted is that they are both natural 
hybrids between D. Pierardii and D. Parishii. As so many hybrids are now 
making their appearance in England, it is to be hoped that this surmise 
will soon be capable of proof. 

The same remarks regarding the effect of hot and dry plains on 
members of this group are equally applicable to D. cretaceum, D 
primulinum, and D. crepidatum. 

The. variety of D. cretaceum found in the neighbouskail of Raa 
is miserable, and not worth growing, but if the plants be collected. in the 
valleys of the low- -lying hills some eighty miles distant, they. will be 
charming, and good enough to please any one. By far the most beautiful 
variety of this plant is found in the Andaman Islands, where, in const 
quence of the great rainfall, the plant grows with great. luxuriance, and 
bears an abundance of flowers. This Andaman variety is also delicious 
sweet-scented. 

D. primulinum giganteum, the mountain form of D. primolinum, i 
unquestionably the best, having broad sepals and petals, the great objection 
to the common form being the great narrowness of these parts se: 
flower. 

D. crepidatum of Rangoon is absolutely worthless. The flowers a 
this plant do not open properly, but form numerous seed-pods, and. as far a 
my judgment. goes are self-fertilising. The form which grows in the hills 
is a pretty thing and free flowering. 

There are probably good varieties and bad varieties of all Orchids; 
it seems clear, however, that the best varieties are found where there is 
the shortest season of drought and where plants are sheltered from hot, 
drying winds. 

(To be continued.) 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 113 


LYCASTE SKINNERI ALBA. 

ApouT thirty years ago a writer in the Gardeners’ Chronicle, remarked that 
Lycaste Skinneri seemed about to have as great a future as the tulip. If 
the prophecy has not been fulfilled to the letter, we can at least say that 
in the majority of collections it is highly valued as a winter-flowering 
decorative plant. Some there are who regard it with little favour, while 
others, and especially those who understand its requirements, grow it in 
considerable numbers. 

The species is a native of Guatemala, and was originally discovered 
by Mr. Skinner, probably in 1839, as it was first described in the following 


Fig. 8. LYCASTE SKINNERI ALBA. 


year, under the name of Maxillaria Skinneri. The collector sent home 


living plants, which flowered early in 1842, when a 
in the Botanical Register by Dr. Lindley. Soon after 
Skinner it was met with by M. J. Linden, who also sent hom 
plants. : 


ficure was published 
its discovery by Mr. 
living 


Pei s Seer ce | £ : e it f fellow 
It varies in colour from deep rose to white with a taint stain of y 


sty the lip, and about a dozen varieties have received distin 

Che Variety alba, of which we here give an illus tration, appeared among 

the first importations, and has ever since been regarded as & chante bs 

Very beautiful form. In every other respect but that of colour it resembles 

the typical form. The photograph here reproduced was kin 
- W. Nixon, Esq., of Leek, Staffordshire, 

Q 


U 


ctive names. 


ndly sent us by 


114 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


Lycaste Skinneri is a plant of very easy culture, and may be propagated 
by division after flowering. They should be grown in peat, in well-drained 
pots, and grown at the warmest end of the house, or in an intermediate 
house, and during the growing season should be liberally supplied with 
water. Even when at rest the compost should not be allowed to become 
dry. It is very floriferous, and large, well-grown plants will produce as 
many as fifty flowers, producing a handsome effect. 

Another merit possessed by this plant is that when in flower it may 
be removed to an ordinary sitting-room, where it will remain in perfection 
for a considerable time without any injury to the plant. 


Lycaste Skinneri alba, Hort., Pescatorea, t. 39 (right-hand figure) ; 77. Mag., n. s., 1872, 
t. 35, fig. 1; Lzndenia, iv., p. 21, t. 153; Orchid Album, v., t. 234. 


CYPRIPEDIUM x LEDA. 


This pretty hybrid Cypripedium was raised in the collection of John C. 
Bowring, Esq., Forest Farm, Windsor, from C. x Harrisianum 2 and C. 
venustum g, and was described about a year ago, on the occasion of its 
flowering for the first time. A flower just received from Mr. Bowring shows 
that it has improved as the plant has become stronger. The dorsal sepal, 
lip, and staminode are almost reproductions of these organs in the pollen 
parent, except that the lip is rather browner in front and less veined. The 
petals, on the other hand, have much of the character of C. villosum, both 
in shape and colour. They are two inches long by half as broad near. the 
apex. The influence of C. x Harrisianum is chiefly seen in some dark 
brown, more'or less dotted, lines at the base of the petals. The parentage 
may be expressed thus :—C. venustum, }; C. villosum, 4; C- barbatum, 43 
though the latter might be absent altogether, so little is it in evidence. We 
have not seen the leaf. 


Cypripedium x Leda, Gard. Chron., 1892, i. p. 202. 


TRICHOPILIA PUNCTATA. 
This interesting little Costa Rican species has again flowered with aires : 
F. Sander & Co., of St. Albans. It has the sepals and petals studded oe 
numerous reddish-purple spots on a light green ground, in which respect ! 


differs from every other species in the genus. In other respects it is neatly 
allied to T. laxa. 


Trichopilia punctata, Rolfe in Gard. Chron, 1889, i. p. 22 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 115 


NOVELTIES. 


DENDROBIUM NOBILE VAR. BALLIANUM.—The varieties of Dendrobium 
nobile are becoming very numerous, but the subject of the present note is 
quite distinct from anything we have seen before, and also very handsome. 
{ts most remarkable feature is the absence of the dark maroon disc, so 
characteristic of this species, which is replaced by a light pink area of 
similar size. The flowers are large and well shaped, the sepals and petals 
blush-white passing into blush-pink towards their extremities. The apex of 
the lip is also blush-pink, and between this and the soft pink disc the colour 
is pale sulphur-white. It appeared among the importations of Messrs. F. 
Sander and Co., of St. Albans, from whom we have received materials for 
description. It is dedicated by request to G. Sherland Ball, Esq., of Earls- 
Cliffe, Bowdon, Cheshire. It is a charming variety, and received a First4 
class Certificate from the Royal Horticultural Society on March r4th last. 


DENDROBIUM NOBILE AMESIZ.—Together with the preceding we also 
received flowers of another handsome variety, near D. nobile albiflorum, but 
with larger flowers. The sepals and petals are pure white, and the disc 
large and very richly coloured. It is dedicated to Mrs. F. L. Ames, of 
Langwater, North Easton, Mass., U.S.A. It received an Award of Merit 
from the Royal Horticultural Society on February 14th last. 


PLATYCLINIS GLUMACEA VAR. VALIDA, Rolfe.—This is a very robust and 
temarkable variety of the above well-known species, with leaves nearly 
twice as broad as those of the ordinary form, yet the flowers are not appre- 
Clably different. The peculiarity, however, has led to its being confused 
with the quite distinct P. latifolia. It first appeared with M. A. A. Peeters, 
of St. Gilles, Brussels, then at Glasnevin, and now we have received it from 
H. J, Hunter, Esq., of North St. Andrew Street, Edinburgh. The aonees 
Vary from over one to one and three-quarter inches broad. It is no sa 
trifling Variation, but quite constant in character, and a fine plant sige 
with its graceful racemes, as shown in a photograph —_* 
Hunter, has a very elegant appearance. 

Byenwaprew Arrieronusow— Ths pa scene 
duced with Cypripedium Hookere, but the leaves 
the flowers quite different. We have not seen } 
Feb, 4th, Pp. 95. 


t.—Gower in The Garden, 


116 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


THE HYBRIDIST. 


DENDROBIUM X BENITA. 


ANOTHER elegant and very promising hybrid has appeared in the collection 
of W. E. Brymer, Esq., M.P., of Ilsington House, Dorchester; this time 
a Dendrobium, obtained by crossing D. aureum with the pollen of D. 
Falconeri, as we are informed by Mr. Powell, the gardener. It flowered in 
February last. The flowers are three and a half inches across, the sepals ani 
petals spreading, pale blush, suffused with light rose towards their tips, the 
latter ten lines in diameter and nearly white below. The lip is spreading, with 
a very large maroon blotch, and a blush margin and apex veined with light 
_ purple, but no trace of yellow on the disc. The growths we have not sett. 
: It is certainly a handsome thing, as might be inferred from its parentage 
for D. aureum has an exceptionally good record in this respect, and D. 
Falconeri has yielded one of the handsomest Dendrobiums yet raise, 
namely the beautiful D. x Venus. We hope to see it when it flowers agalll 


EPIPHRONITIS X VEITCHII. 


If we could reduce the stature of the rambling but beautiful Epidendrum 
radicans to a few inches, without impairing its floriferousness, or if a reduce 
tion in the number of flowers were compensated for by an increase in these 
size, a plant not unlike the one now under notice would be the result. It 
a generic cross, obtained by Mr. Seden in the nursery of Messrs. Jame 
Veitch and Sons, from Sophronitis grandiflora crossed with the pollen 
Epidendrum radicans. As regards habit the two plants are utterly dives: 
from each other, the one but a few inches high, the other, in its most robust 
State, almost as many feet. The flowers are also quite different in shap® 
but in colour they are almost exactly identical. In the hybrid the influence 
of the pollen parent greatly preponderates throughout, except in the ; 
of, the stems, which in the oldest plants do not yet exceed a few inches ® 
height, though they may become longer with increased strengtas 
Hower is like a glorified edition of the pollen parent, with a dash of Mi | 
added in the sepals and petals, a little more yellow on the lip’s dise, # 
more crimson spots on the same, two smaller tubercles and @ shorter 
Singularly enough there is scarcely a trace of the peculiar structur® isi? | 
mother plant, for the lip is flat, and altogether adnate to the long | ee 
column ; the broader petals, the less denticulate side lobes of the hp, 
the slight modification of the crest, alone show the Sophronitis 0™™ 
The raceme is shorter and fewer-flowered than in the pollen paren 
flower Over one and three-quarter inches in diameter, and the ee 
quite half an inch broad. Flowers of the hybrid and the two parent. 5F 


ic OM 


THE ORCHID REVIEW, 117 


have been kindly sent by Messrs. Veitch, from which the above account has 
been prepared. It is not only a very interesting generic cross, but a 
charming little plant. The generic name is compounded from that of the 
two parent genera. 


CYPRIPEDIUM X LEDOUXL®. 


This is a pretty hybrid of rather doubtful parentage, which has just 
flowered in the collection of G. R. le Doux, Esq., of Langton House, 
East Molesey, and is dedicated to this gentleman’s wife. It came up in 
a pot on which was a record of seed sown derived from C. callosum 
and C. insigne Chantini ¢. But of the latter there is not the slightest 
trace. There is a marked resemblance to C. x Harrisianum, however, 
and a strongly villose ovary, which must be traced back to C. villosum. 
C. x Harrisianum was evidently one parent. The other may have been 
C. callosum, but there is no trace of the warts on the petals, and there 
is a strong resemblance to C. x cenanthum which suggests the necessity of 
a comparison with C. x Creon. The dorsal sepal is almost wholly suffused 
with rosy-purple, except a broad white margin, a small green area at the 
base, and some purple-brown nerves. The other parts show some slight 
modifications from the C. x Harrisianum characters. 


CYPRIPEDIUM X MRs. WaARREN-HOOK. 


A very charming hybrid with some resemblance to the best forms ore. 
x Harrisianum, but the flower delicately coloured and not unlike shot 
silk. The parentage is doubtful, but probably C. x Dauthieri x C. x 
cenanthum superbum. Leaves almost like C. x Harrisianum, but less 
Spreading and rather broader. Dorsal sepal clear rosy-purple shading 
into rose at the margin, which is ciliate with white hairs; on either side 
of the apex is a small but conspicuous area of yellowish-green, while the 
disc has a prominent network of rich chestnut brown. Petals three 
inches long by one inch broad, superior half like the dorsal sepal, 
inferior whitish-green shaded with rosy-crimson, the base spotted with 
Violet-purple, marginal ciliz black. Lip reddish-brown shaded with 
purple. Staminode greenish-purple with a conspicuous tubercle and 
emerald-green reticulations. The plant, only one of which was raises, is 
now in the collection of the Hon. Charles G. Roebling, of Trenton, New 
Jersey, U.S.A., whose collection is rapidly increasing by the addition of 
fare and valuable species and hybrids, and who procured the subject ot 
this note from Messrs. Pitcher and Manda. This charming flower. 1s 
dedicated to a very refined and cultured lady, Mrs. E. — 
Who takes especial interest in Orchids and is an ardent admirer “ 
Cypripedia in particular. Mrs. Hook is connected to Mr. Roebling by 


118 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


the marriage of her sister to Colonel Roebling, a brother of the possessor 
of this plant.—H. T. Clinkaberry. 


CYPRIPEDIUM X ERATO, DEss. 


Raised by M. Charles Vuylsteke, of Loochristy, Ghent, from C. x 
Sallieri crossed with the pollen of C. hirsutissimum. It flowered in 
December last. Dorsal sepal roundish, olive-yellow, covered with small 
sepia spots, and strongly bordered and tinted with rose; lower one pale 
yellow tinted with bronze. Petals purple-red bordered with nankeen yellow, 
except at the base, which is amber-yellow marbled with maroon. Lip 
bronzy shaded with maroon, and minutely spotted inside. A vigorous and 
attractive hybrid.—C. de B. 


CYPRIPEDIUM X ZAMPA, DEsB. 


Raised in the same collection as the preceding from C. x Leeanum 
superbum ¢ and C. hirsutissimum ¢. The dorsal sepal is more spotted with 
sepia at the base than the seed parent, the petals more undulate, spatht- 
late, and reddish-purple towards the extremities, and the lip more or less 
suffused with pale rose. It is a very pretty hybrid of robust habit—C. de B. 


CYPRIPEDIUM xX MAURICEANUM. 


Raised from C. x Harrisianum ? and C. Spicerianum @ in the collection 
of Madame O. Block, of Paris. In the dorsal sepal it somewhat resembles 
the pollen parent, but in the other segments is more like C. x Harrisianum 
—C. de B. 


CYPRIPEDIUM xX CONSTABLEANUM. 


A beautiful hybrid raised by Messrs. Pitcher and Manda, of Short Hills 
New Jersey, from C. Fairieanum crossed with C. Dayanum. The characte!s 
of C. Fairieanum are said to be more pronounced than usual in the hybri 
It is named in honour of F. A. Constable, Esq., of New York.—Gowet " 
The Garden, Jan. 28th, p. 75. 


CYPRIPEDIUM x DIBDIN. 


A hybrid raised by Mr. J. C. Cowley, in the gardens of F. G. Tauts, Be 
Hanger Hill, Ealing, between C. Argus and C. Boxallii. The flowers ew 
the varnished appearance of those of C. x vernixium. The upp sepal ie 
eréen, profusely striped and spotted with dark purple, with a narrow blu 
white margin. The petals are whitish tinged with rose near their tp i 
spotted with blackish-brown ; d with rose 0? 


the lip greenish white tinge ee 
face, on entre 


; ae the staminode yellow with green reticulations in the © 
O'Brien in Gardeners’ Chronicle, Feb. 11th, p. 162. 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 119 


CYPRIPEDIUM xX TACITA. 


Raised in the collection of H. Graves, Esq., of Orange, New Jersey, 
U.S.A., from C. x Measuresianum and C. tonsum. The flowers are large, 
five inches across, waxy, and of a sepia-green tint shaded with vinous-brown. 
The dorsal sepal is veined with brown and margined with white, and the 
petals have a brown line down the centre.—K. M. Grey in Garden and Forest, 
March Ist, p. 105. 

CyPRIPEDIUM X HEBE. 


A handsome hybrid raised in the collection of H. Graves, Esq., of 
Orange, New Jersey, from C. Spicerianum ¢ and C. x Stonei. It is most 
like the former, but the flower has a more graceful shape. The reflexed 
dorsal sepal is white with a green base and purple mid-nerve ; the petals 
two inches long, acute, undulate, primrose-yellow shaded with brown ; 
the lip apple-green tinted with brown in front, and the staminode lavender- 
purple with a yellow disc.—R. M. Grey in Garden and Forest, March ist, 
p. 105. 


CALENDAR OF OPERATIONS FOR APRIL. 
By W. H. WHITE, Burford, Dorking. 


ONE of the principal causes of spot and disease among Orchids is imperfect 
and insufficient ventilation. It is therefore of great importance to all those 
who have the management of a collection to see, not only that each division 
is properly ventilated, but also that no great fluctuations of temperature 
occur. During the month of April great vigilance will be required on the 
part of the cultivator, as with the numerous sudden changes in the ones 
temperature it is almost impossible to keep up a regular temperature in the 
houses, either by day or night. Should the weather be cold or boisterous, 
little or no air will be required, as sufficient will pass through the laps - 
the glass and under the doors, but when the mornings are calm and bright, 
the bottom ventilators may be slightly opened, and as the inside temperature 
tises, gradually increase the amount of air and moisture. For several hours 
during the middle of the day, it is advisable to allow each division to become 
comparatively dry. This partial drying of the atmosphere will allow the 
Plants to throw off any excess of moisture, which if retained would probably 
Cause decay. If the external temperature at this time is above 50°, air 
Should be given, by opening the ventilators on the sheltered side of the 
house. 

In houses where Orchids do not thrive quite satisfactorily, much good may 
often be done by careful ventilation. A case in point came unee my ~ 
a few years ago. A span-roofed house, containing principally Cattleyas, 


120 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


was a well-built structure, and the means of ventilation perfect. Yet the 
plants failed to make any progress whatever, although several expensive 
alterations and additions were made. After continued perseverance the 
remedy was found, and success followed. pAlase 

_ At this time of year the foliage of Orchids is more likely to get scorched 
than at any other, and special attention should therefore be given to the 
shading. In the East Indian ‘house, immediately the sun has sufficient 
power to raise the temperature six or seven degrees, the blinds should be 
lowered. In this house, where so many distinct species are grown, it is 
difficult to attend to the requirements of each separate species as regards 
shading, but a little selection simplifies matters considerably. Such plants 
as Dendrobiums, Catasetums, Mormodes, Diacrium bicornutum, Thunias, 
etc., should be placed in the lightest positions, while Cypripediums, Phale- 
nopses, Aérides, Cirrhopetalums, Bulbophyllums, and the evergreen Calanthes, 
do best on the shady side. 

The occupants of the Cattleya house will not require shading quite 99 
soon as the warmer-growing species, but when the sun is bright it will then 
be necessary. With the Mexican inmates it is quite different, as they 
thoroughly enjoy the increased sunlight, and if the ventilation is properly 
attended to, the plants will only require to be thinly shaded during the 
middle of the day. Odontoglossums, Masdevallias, and other occupants 
the cool house, should be shaded almost as soon as the strong sunlight 
touches the foliage. Very little or no fire-heat will now be required in this 
division, except on very cold or frosty nights, but in the warmer houses 
enough must be maintained to keep up the prescribed temperatures: 

_ A continual warfare must be kept up against all destructive insects, a 
with the increased sun-heat they will multiply rapidly. Now is the time of 
year to prevent them from obtaining a foot-hold amongst the plants, and 
exterminate them if possible. Black .and yellow thrips are exceedingly 
troublesome insects, and every means should be employed to effect thelt 
destruction. An effectual remedy that I have found to check their progress 
is slight and frequent fumigations. One evening of each week is set apatt 
for this operation. No plant is watered on this day, and no damping dest 
allowed after mid-day, as the plants suffer less from the smoke when se 
is dry. Where these insects abound, it is advisable to fumigate ? 
evening of one day and morning of the next, or on two consecutive evenllg® 
After fumigation the plants will require a thorough watering, and the ae 
Staging, etc., should be well damped down. ‘The plants should - 
examined for thrips’ eggs, which the smoke will not kill. These @™ 
be got rid of by sponging the leaves with some weak insecticide. . 


following day the plants should be more heavily shaded than a 


leaves are more liable to be damaged by the sunlight after fumigat 
dipping. 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 121 


In houses where a considerable number of species are cultivated, there 
are always some plants that do not like tobacco smoke, and these it is 
advisable to take out while the operation is being done. Before returning 
the plants to their proper places, see that they are perfectly clean in every 
respect. The following genera suffer more from fumigation than other 
Orchids :—Calanthe, Bollea, Phaius, Platyclinis, Ceelogyne, Aganisia, Onci- 
dium, Houlletia, and Miltonia, also Odontoglossum citrosmum. Thrips 
are yery fond of the young growths, and flower spikes of Odontoglossums, 
Masdevallias, etc., and make sad havoc with them. W ith these cool-growing 
species fumigation is easily overdone, and much damage caused. Therefore 
the safest method of keeping these insects in check is frequent sponging and 
dipping. 

By this time many of the Dendrobiums will have passed their flowering 
period, and will be starting to grow freely. Such varieties as D. nobile and 
its allies, D. x Ainsworthii, D. fimbriatum, and D. Dalhousieanum, do 
thoroughly well in pots, while D. Wardianum, D. crassinode, D. primulinum, 
D. Boxallii, D. Devonianum, D. tortile, D. Findlayanum, D. superbum, and 
its beautiful variety Burkei, succeed best in small shallow hanging pans, 
with perforations round the sides, through which the air circulates and helps 
to keep the roots in a healthy condition. I use these pans generally for 
Dendrobiums, in preference to the ordinary teak basket, as the plants are 
more easily managed when they require more root room. Baskets are very 
liable to decay, thereby injuring the roots, and when more root room 1s 
required, it is exceedingly difficult to remove them without doing serious 
injury to the living roots, owing to the tenacity with which they cling to the 
wood. Those plants that require a shift should be attended to at once. 

In re-potting established plants, do not remove more of the old material 
than is really necessary, as Dendrobiums do not like their roots to be disturbed. 
Carefully break the old pot, taking away as much of it as possible, and if 
the drainage be well filled with roots, do not disturb it, but place the whole 
together into a size larger pot, filling up with clean broken crocks to within 
an inch of the rim. Generally, peat and moss has been the material recom- 
mended for this class of plants to root in, but after several years’ experience 
Ihave found that they make larger bulbs, and also roots, and bloom more 
freely, when grown in living sphagnum moss mixed with broken crocks, 
which should be pressed into the pots firmly. I confidently recommend all 
Orchid growers to adopt this method and give it a fair trial. 

All newly imported plants of Dendrobium should at first be placed in 
‘rocks only, and kept in a cool dry house until the young growths appear. 
Roots will immediately follow, when the plants should be potted, as above 
advised, and placed in their growing quarters. Over-potting must be care- 
fully guarded against, for if the roots get ‘nto a mass of sodden compost, 
they speedily decay, and the young growths are stopped prematurely, soon 


he THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


starting again into a weak sickly growth. After re-potting, keep the plants 
on the dry side for a few weeks, until the new roots have a firm hold of the 
compost, after which water may be gradually and more frequently given. 
When thoroughly established, syringing the plants will be found beneficial 
in keeping them free from red spider ; also sponging the foliage occasionally 
with soft soapy rain water. Dendrobiums, with but few exceptions, require 
a hot moist atmosphere, with abundance of light. Where an East Indian 
house is not at command, an ordinary plant stove will suit them admirably. 
All the above-mentioned kinds are easily propagated, by taking off any of the 
pseudo-bulbs which have not bloomed, cutting them up in lengths, and 
laying them on sphagnum, in some hot, moist, propagating{case ; or by taking 
off any young growths which sometimes appear on the old bulbs. 

Now is the best time to re-pot such species as Lissochilus and the 
deciduous Eulophias. Plant them in well-drained pots, with a mixture of 
fibrous loam, leaf mould, and coarse silver sand, adding a good sprinkling of 
broken crocks. Place the plants in a sunny position with the Mexican 
Lelias, and when in full growth copious supplies of water may be given, but 
when at rest treat the plants as previously advised for Habenaria militatis. 

The beautiful Cattleya Trianze and its many fine forms will by this time 
have done flowering, and a number of young roots fast pushing from the base 
of the last made bulb.. The young growths will also soon start away, and 
quickly send forth fresh roots, If any plant needs top-dressing, or more pet 
room, do not delay either Operation, or the young roots will get damaged, 
however careful the operator may be. In re-potting the plants do not disturb 
or injure the old roots if possible, but carefully place them in the new pots. 
Keep the plants well elevated above the rim of the pot, and use a few neat 
sticks to hold them firm. Allow plenty of drainage, in fact one cannot 
err in this respect, and over it place a thin layer of sphagnum, using good 
fibrous peat and moss in equal quantities for the compost. Pot moderatel : 
firm, and add with the compost some thick pieces of broken crocks, whic 
will help the water to pass rapidly away, and thus prevent the com 
from becoming sour. 

: The following plants may also now be safely re-potted or top-dres 
if necessary :—Cattleya Percivaliana, C. speciosissima, C. Leopoldi, : 
amethystoglossa, C. Gaskelliana, and the autumn-flowering ©. apie 
After giving fresh material, keep them well shaded, and watet sparing! 
until re-established. Cattleya speciosissima will grow and bloom a“ 
when placed in shallow pans, hanging close to the roof glass of the Meer 
house. Lycaste Skinnerij and its variety alba are both very useful 
beautiful Orchids. Their flowers lasting a long time in perfection, y 
come into bloom when other flowers are scarce, which makes them $ i 
Wauable.. . These Lycastes may be grown well at the warm end of pe ue 
house. Peat and moss well drained will suit them to root into. Ba : 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. | 123 


the foliage over occasionally to keep them free from red spider, which is 
their greatest enemy. 

Keep the night temperatures generally as previously advised, but if the 
weather be mild a slight increase may be allowed. 


ORCHID PORTRAITS. 
BOTANICAL MAGAZINE. 


BULBOPHYLLUM coMosuM, Coll. and Hemsl. A remarkable species col- 
lected by General Sir H. Collett, in the Shan Hills, during the late Burmese 
War. It has nearly white, very hairy flowers. It flowered at Kew.—t. 
7283. 
~ ARUNDINA BAMBUSIFOLIA, Lindl. ‘This is noted as “quite the most 
beautiful terrestrial Orchid of Northern India, and J] know of no more 
attractive picture of its kind than a patch of grass-land in the Khasia Hills 
adorned with clumps of it in full flower.” Figured from a plant in the 
collection of F. Wigan, Esq., Clare Lawn, East Sheen.—t. 7254. 
BULBOPHYLLUM PECcHEI, Bull. A species allied to B. Careyanum, with 
racemes of small purple-brown flowers. Sent by Mr. George Peché, @ 
resident in Moulmein.—t. 7286. 


GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE. 

PHAIus X AMABILIS. (See p. 87 of our last issue.) —February 25th, pp- 

226, 228, fig. 32. 
GARDENERS’ MAGAZINE. ; 

CYNORCHIS GRANDIFLORA, Ridl. (See p- 59 of our February issue.)— 

March rith, p. 138, with fig. 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE. 

CyPRIPEDIUM x GERMINYANUM. A hybrid from C. x villosum ? and 
C. hirsutissimum ¢,—January 26th, pp. 67; 74 fig. 10 

Soprauia LucasiAna, Hort. A species with large 
those of S. macrantha.—January 26th, pp- 74 75, fig. 11. 

Zycocotax x Verrcutt, Rolfe. A beautiful generic hybrid between 
Zygopetalum crinitum ? and Colax jugosus d, raised by Mr. Seden.—February 
and, pp. 87, 94, fig. 13. 

CYcNocHES PENTADACTYLON, Lindl. 
February 2nd, pp. 94, 95, fig. 14- 

CALANTHE x ciGas. (See p. 86 of our las 
129, fig. 24. 
_ CYMBIDIUM GRANDIFLORUM, Griff. A hands 
is rare in cultivation.—February 23rd, p- 153» fig- 27- 


flowers somewhat like 


(See p-. 73 of our last issue.)— 
t issue.)—February 16th, p- 


ome Burmese species, which 


124 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


CYPRIPEDIUM X JOHNSONIANUM. A handsome hybrid from C. x nitens? 
and C. Lawrenceanum @, raised by Messrs. F. Sander and Co., St. Albans, 
—March 2nd, p. 171, fig. 30. 

CYPRIPEDIUM CONCO-LAWRE. A handsome hybrid, raised in the col- 
lection of Sir Trevor Lawrence, Bart., from C. concolor 2 and C. Lawrence- 
anum g.—March goth, p. 193, fig. 41. 

CyPRIPEDIUM X PENELAUS. A hybrid derived from C.xcalurum 9 and 
C. caudatum Lindeni $.—March 16th, p. 2109, fig. 45. 


LINDENIA. oe 
CYPRIPEDIUM X MEMORIA MoENsiI. A handsome hybrid, raised by the 
late M. J. Moens, of Lede. C. Spicerianum is believed to have been one 
parent, the other is doubtful. It is compared with a purple C.x Leeanum. 
—t. 361. 

CYPRIPEDIUM X LucIENIANUM. A handsome hybrid, derived from C. 
villosum and either C. bellatulum or C. x cenanthum superbum, apparently 
the latter, as the influence of C. bellatulum, so pronounced in C. x south: 
gatense, C. x Lawrebel, and C.x Paris, is imperceptible in the present one 
—t. 362. 

C@LocyneE Hooxkeriana, Lindl. An elegant little species from the 
Sikkim Himalayas, where it grows from 7,000 to 10,000 feet above sea-level. 
—t. 363. 

MoRMODES IGNEUM, Lind]. var. MACULATUM, Rolfe. A very prety 
variety, differing from the original form in its spotted segments. Native of 
Peru.—t. 364. 


CONTINENTAL NOTES. 
By CH. DE BOSSCHERE. 


Tue horticultural meetings of the month at Ghent and Brussels were a 
what overshadowed by the approaching Quinquennial Exhibition at 
former place, for which things are being held in reserve. Some good 
Orchids, however, were exhibited. At the Ghent meeting esi 

hybrid Cypripediums were exhibited by Messrs. Ed. Vervaet et Cie, ont 
derived from C. Boxallii x C. insigne Chantini, the other from ©. . | 

x C. Spicerianum. Both of them present a combination of the charact# 


of the parent species. The same firm also sent the remarkable and tiful 
ful Dendrobium nobile Cooksoni. M. Jules Hye sent several beat wt 
forms, including Odontoglossum triumphans maximum, a Very large salt 

richly coloured variety ; Cattleya Trianz var. Orion, with transparent y ; 


cee white petals; and a handsome unnamed QOdontoglossum. “* — 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 125 


Imschoot contributed a superb Odontoglossum under the name of O. Rossii 
majus purpurascens. 

At the meeting of the Orchidéene, of Brussels, held on March rath, 
many remarkable Orchids were shown, among which we select a few as 
particularly worthy of notice. Lycaste Skinneri purpurata, a handsome 
variety with sepals clear rose, petals rich rose-purple, and a richly-coloured 
lip, was sent by M. Pourbaix and M. du Trieu de Terdonck, both of whom 
were awarded First-class Diplomas of Honour. Cypripedium x Spicerio- 
villosum from M. Bleu, also C. x Lathamianum inversum, and Mormodes 
Rolfeanum var. nigrum, from Messrs. Linden, all received similar awards. 
Two handsome hybrid Odontoglossums were exhibited by M. le Comte de 
Bousies. A number of familiar species were represented by good varieties, 
several of which received awards, but among rare Orchids we must not omit 
to mention Odontoglossum stellatum and Epidendrum (Nanodes) Mantini, 
both of which were exhibited by Messrs. Linden. 


ORCHIDS AT THE ROYAL HORTICULTURAL 
SOCIETY. 


By JOHN WEATHERS. 


THE Orchid Committee had no light duties to perform on March 14th, 
when a large number of Orchids were brought to the Drill Hall, James 
Street, Victoria Street, Westminster. Out of twenty exhibitors of Orchids 
no less than seventeen were amateurs, which says a great deal for the 
Steadily increasing popularity of these plants. 

The President, Sir Trevor Lawrence, Bart., Burford, Dorking (gr. 
Mr. W. H. White), contributed a group full of good things, for which a 
Silver Banksian Medal was awarded. There were many Dendrobiums, 
chiefly noticeable being D. crepidatum, a fine specimen of D. Findlayanum, 
a large plant of D. signatum; the hybrid D. x cheltenhamense (D. 
heterocarpum 2 x D. luteolum §), like a greatly improved form of the 
female parent, the deep purple D. nobile Tautzianum, and D. murrhinianum, 
With blush white sepals and petals, and a deep crimson throated lip. T hree 
Tobust specimens of Cypripedium Rothschildianum attracted attention, as 
did also an albino form of C. x Dauthieri, a plant exactly identical with 
One in Messrs. Sander’s group. A Botanical Certificate was given to 
Holothrix (Tryphia) orthoceras, a tiny Orchid with ovate silvery veined 
leaves, and small flowers with a large toothed lip. A fine specimen of 
Phaius tuberculosus, a strong plant of Maxillaria sanguinea, and a beautiful 
rosy Odontoglossum Ruckerianum splendens were also in the group, the two 
atter receiving an Award of Merit. 


126 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


From the Botanic Gardens, Glasnevin, Mr. F. W. Moore, F.R.HS, — 
sent a spike of the new Aérides platychilum, and flowers of Lycaste 
xytriophora. 

J. Forster Alcock, Esq., F.R.H.S., Great Berkhampstead, exhibited a _ 
group, the chief feature being some fine specimens of Cypripedium — 
Rothschildianum. ; 

Norman C. Cookson, Esq., F.R.H.S., Wylam-on-Tyne (gr. Mr. W. 
Murray), sent Cypripedium x Bryan (C. philippinense 2 x C. Argus 2), 
having a white and brown upper sepal and heavily spotted petals. 

E. Bickerton Evans, Esq., Whitbourne Hall, Worcester (gr. Mr - 
Williams), sent Ccelogyne flaccida. 

W. E. B. Farnham, Esq., F.R.H.S., Quorndon House, Leicestershire 
(gr. Mr. Cooke), sent a splendid spray of Dendrobium x splendidissimum. 

Walter Furze, Esq., F.R.H.S., Roselands, Broom Road, Teddington, | 
was awarded a Silver Flora Medal for a splendid group, made up of 
Dendrobium heterocarpum, D. Brymerianum, D. x Ainsworthii, and D. 
nobile, a fine specimen of D. Wardianum, D. Dalhousieanum, and D. 
superbum giganteum; Cypripedium venustum, C. x Wendlandianum (like @ | 
dark Harrisianum), two large and good varieties of C. Boxallii, the coppéty 
coloured C. x politum, C. callosum, Cattleya Trianz, etc. 

Gustav R. le Doux, Esq., F.R.H.S., Langton House, East Molesey, 
sent a group of Odontoglossums and Cypripediums, the novelties being the 
deep yellow and purple brown Langton House var. of O. triumphans, 
and C. x Ledouxie, resembling a rich C. x Harrisianum. 

From the collection of C. J. Lucas, Esq., F.R.H.S., Warnham Court 
Horsham (gr. Mr, Duncan), came a group of well-grown Odontoglossum 
among them being the pale yellow O. luteolum, O. triumphans, . 
Cervantesii decorum, etc. 

S. G. Lutwyche, Esq., F.R.H.S., Eden Park, Beckenham (gr. 
May), sent Dendrobium Devonianam candidum. 

Baron Sir Henry Schroder, F.R.H.S., The Dell, near Staines ot 
Mr. Ballantine), submitted Lelia x vitellina (parentage?) with brillian 
buff yellow flowers, to which a First-class Certificate was granted. r 

H. Shaw, Esq., Stamford House (gr. Mr. J. Cliffe), sent flaw 
Maxillaria Sanderiana. Mr 

A. H. Smee, Esq., F.R.H.S., The Grange, Hackbridge, Surrey (gt a 
‘C. W. Cummins), exhibited three large branching panicles of Cyrtopodt 
Saintlegerianum, which for size and vigour were unsurpassed. 

W. Soper, Esq., F.R.H.S., 307, Clapham Road (gr. Mr. 
Staged a group, consisting of Odontoglossum Rossii majus, in # -giutl 
three feet long, Cattleya Loddigesii, Sophronitis grandiflora, Onch 
pubes, etc. : 

Thos. Statter, Esq., F.R.H.S., Stand Hall, White 


Mr. J: 


G, N. Daius 


field, Manchest 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 127 


(gr. Mr. Johnson), exhibited Dendrobium nobile nobilius, and a specimen 
of Lycaste Skinneri alba, which produced ten large flowers from one 
pseudo-bulb, and received a ‘‘ Cultural Commendation.” 

W. Thompson, Esq., Walton Grange, Stone (gr. Mr. Stevens), exhibited 
a good group, consisting chiefly of fine varieties of Odontoglossum crispum, 
©. Cervantesii decorum, O Pescatorei, O. luteopurpureum, and one called 
0. Waltoniense, with pale yellow segments heavily blotched with deep 
reddish brown. 

Walter C. Clark, Esq., F.R.H.S., Orleans House, Aigburth Drive, 
Sefton Park, Liverpool, sent a strong spike of Cymbidium Lowianum, 
bearing twenty-three large flowers, the reddish purple triangular blotch on 
the front lobe of the lip being particularly vivid. 

F. Wigan, Esq., F.R.H.S., Clare Lawn, East Sheen (gr. Mr. W. H. 
Young), exhibited a strong specimen of Megaclinium falcatum with four 
spikes, and a remarkably vigorous plant of Ccelogyne pandurata, with 
nine brilliant green and black flowers, for which a “Cultural Commendation” 
was awarded. 

Reginald Young, Esq., F.R.H.S., Fringilla, Linnet Lane, Liverpool, 
sent a flower of Cattleya Triane, with blush petals and sepals, and a deep 
magenta purple tubular lip. 

Messrs. F. Horsman and Co., Colchester, received an Award of Merit for 
Lycaste Skinneri “ Hettie,” the sepals white flushed with rose at base, petals 
deep crimson, and lip creamy white. 

Messrs. J. Laing and Sons, Forest Hill, effectively displayed some Orchids 
among a large group of other flowering plants. Dendrobium crassinode, 
D. Jamesianum, D. Wardianum, D. x Ainsworthii, Cypripedium callosum, 
a fine Cymbidium Lowianum, etc., being represented. 

Messrs. Linden, L’Horticulture Internationale, Pare Leopold, Brussels, 
exhibited their variety of Phalznopsis amabilis, Ldl., which was remark- 
able for the absence of crimson streaks and spots on the side lobes and 
crest of the lip. a 

Messrs. H. Low and Co., Clapton, staged a select collection containing 
Some fine Dendrobium Brymerianum, D. Wardianum, and D. Findlayanum, 
Angrecum citratum, Ada aurantiaca, a strong plant of Cypripedium x De 
Witt Smith (C. Lowii 9 x C. Spicerianum 9), and the canary yellow 
Bulbophyllum Sillemianum. : 

A Silver Banksian Medal was awarded to Messrs. F. Sander and Co., St. 
Albans, for a fine group, in which figured Coelogyne Sandere, with white 
flowers and orange crest, and Dendrobium nobile Ballianum, both of which 
received a First-class Certificate. Other noticeable plants were the albino 
C. Dauthieri Sander’s variety, the rare Oncidium Brunleesianum, with a 
few flowers, the white Aérides cylindricum, Phaius x amabilis, certificated 
at the last meeting when shown by Messrs. Veitch, Dendrobium Kingianum, 
_ with purple flowers, D. luteolum, Trichopilia suavis, etc. 


128 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


A Silver Banksian Medal was also awarded to Messrs. B.S. W 
and Son, Upper Holloway, for a large group, in which were some 
specimens of Cypripedium x Morganie, C. Rothschildianum, 
Williamsianum (C. venustum ? x C. villosum 2), C. x Peetersianum, 
seems to be the same as C. x selligerum, C. x Huybrechtianu 
hirsutissimum 2 x C. Spicerianum %),'a distinct and richly coloured | 
intermediate between its parents. Cymbidium eburneum, Odontoglo: 
mulus Holfordianum leucopterum, Cirrhopetalum picturatum,a green 
Lycaste gigantea, etc. : 

Messrs. J. Veitch and Sons, King’s Road, Chelsea, are indefatigable 
raising new hybrids, and on this occasion showed several ; among 
being Dendrobium x Euryalus (D. x Ainsworthii ? x D. nobile 
a large creamy lip having a deep purple eye; D.. x Aeneas (D. jap 
@ x D. crystallinum 2) with oblong creamy sepals and petals tipp 
pale rose, and a creamy lip also tipped with rose and a fulvous brown 
Epiphronitis x Veitchii (Sophronitis grandiflora ¢ x Epidendrum radi 
with brilliant flowers, and Epidendrum x Endresio-Wallisii were 
shown. These plants of the latter were all from the same seed pod 
quite distinct in the colour and shape of the flowers, and even the le 
Calanthe tricarinata was also shown, with white and lilac flowers. 

_ M. Ch. Vuylsteke, Loochristy, Ghent, sent an Odontoglossum . 
albo-cupreum, which seems intermediate between O. blandum an 
constrictum. .The sepals and petals are whitish blotched with browa, @ 
the lip fiddle-shaped, white, with two projecting yellow teeth. 


REPLIES TO CORRESPONDENTS. 

J. C. B., Windsor.—Many thanks for flowers sent. 

H. J. H., Edinburgh.—Platyclinis latifolia, Lindl., has quite different flowers, and 
shorter leaves. " 

C. W., Birmingham.—Many thanks for photograph : next month. 

W. S., Walton.—One of the multitudinous forms of Odontoglossum * ™ 

‘hybrid between O. gloriosum and O. triumphans. 
H. T. C., Trenton.—Many thanks for your letter. se 

to utilise- 


ulus, a3 


R. M. G., Orange.—Many thanks for photograph, which we may be able 
Oncidium is a form of O. barbatum, Lindl. 
_ H. J. R., Florence.—Cypripedium Bullenianum, not C. Volonteanum. 
curiously abnormal, but we have seen similar malformations in other species: 


ERRATUM. 


At p. 69, line 23, the word “first ” should be corrected to “ second.” 


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OPEN FROM APRIL 16th TO 23rd, 


Messrs. J. Linden and Lucien Linden, 


DIRECTORS OF 

bby a 
L'HORTICULTURE INTERNATIONALE, 
LEOPOLD PARK, BRUSSELS, BELGIUM, | 


Cordially invite their English Patrons and Visitors to the above Exhibitiet 
to pay a visit to their GRAND ESTABLISHMENT. 


ORCHID EMPORIUM 


The Grandest and Choicest Stock of Orchids in LUV’ 


LARGE IMPORTATIONS FROM ALL PARTS OF THE WORLD CONSTANTLY M 


A visit to our Establishment will prove most interesting and 
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INTERNATIONALE "a wonderful, clean, healthy, and immense stock 
ORCHIDS grown to perfection. 

Fes" We offer to each Visitor to our Establishment who pur” 
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An 3llustrated Monthly Journal, 


DEVOTED EXCLUSIVELY TO ORCHIDO. 
AND ALL ITS BRANCHES.” 


Contents. 

PAGE e 1 ee 

SL A, ea ea AE erage ae igo | Cypripedium insigne var. Sanderia: 

_ The History of Orchid Hybridisation. (Fig. 10) ... ree 
oes Dat. pets aa .. 131 | Lelia tenebrosa 


Sik 


NOTICES. 

ORCHID REVIEW is published regularly on the first of each month. 
The Editors invite short communications on interesting subjects, also portraits, 
of rarities 

All Sininications and Books for review, should be addressed :—The Eprror 
OF wag Orcuip Review, Lawn Crescent, Kew, and should be sent as early in the 
as possible. 


eee S 

_ Five lines and wacles in column. . ‘ . ; d On3-6 
r line ; : : : : é ‘ 006 
One-eighth column... sis - ‘ pa eect co 
Quarter column or one-eighth page. ‘ : ( : 0 9 6 
EE column or quarter page . : £ ‘ O1Lf2-6 
One column or half ose ® : i ? d ‘ 112 6 
_ Whole page . i : < ‘ : : : 3 O60 


ues and Postal Orders should Be made payable t to FRank LeEs.tr, and, to 
in transit, should be crossed “& Co. 


s Bockislien Wiobieads Baris sid be sent to 
NEWMAN, & Co., 54, Hatton GARDEN, Lonpon, E.C. or 
RSE OF ie ee with Maps and numerous 


MANUAL OF ORCHIDACEOUS PLANTS, 


ULTIVATED UNDER i eloe we IN GREAT BRITAIN. ; ) S 


and varieties in cultivation, their origin, Botanical History, 


exotic Orchids with fuller accou t of the principal genera, 
ao ‘Manuals hitherto in-use. 2 aero ene 3 
quarter of a en ot resultii ; Bee increased taste for, and apes es 
plants, has in rgaten ge the desideratum which we are a 
are the species and varities of Orchids at present in colisvatiod, and to which additions are constan being 
Digenelges and by of chitrvabore rolguinngnes that dps Jabour attending the page of a Manual sullcieatly 
: e wants _ time. 
fon fe, ‘upon issuing es work i . BE chs part containing a marten esha me se 

one of the important genera, o £ cere 


—ODONTOGLOsSUM. rhea 7s..6d.; by post, 7s. gd. . 
TTLEYA | LAELIA. Price, ros. 6d.; by pest, ros. ae 
TUM. Price, 10s, 6d. : by Post, tos. os. gd. 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


Vor. 1.] MAY, 1893. [No. § 


E NOTES. 

3 Tue Ghent Quinquennial International Exhibition, to which we have pre- 
a “iously alluded, was held from April 16th to 23rd, and was undoubtedly 
a @great success. The Orchids, with which alone we are concerned, were 
. "ety numerous, and formed a most brilliant display. Many of the plants 
2 were exceedingly well grown and flowered, and were staged in a way which 
_ “tt their beauty off to the greatest advantage. A report is given in another 
Column, from which it will be seen that Messrs. Heath and Son, of Chelten- 


a ham, and Messrs. Pitcher and Manda, of Swanley, carried off prizes for 
Orchids, 


fe The afternoon lecture of the Royal Horticultural Society on April rrth, 
4 €ntitled “ Orchid Life in Guiana,” to which we alluded at p. 97, had unfortu- 
: poy to be postponed. ‘The secretary read a letter from Mr. Everard im 
i: ‘hurn, who was on his way to Barbadoes, stating that he had been unable 
s to Prepare the paper before his departure, but had written it on the voyage, 
_ 4nd would send it immediately on his arrival. Hitherto, however, it had 
| et Come to hand. 


A meeting of the Royal Horticultural Society will be held at the Drill 
Aall, James Street, Westminster, on May 9th, when the Orchid Committee 
; Will meet at 12 o’clock, noon. 


__ The Great Annual Flower Show of the Society will be held in the 
_juner Temple Gardens on Thursday and Friday, May 25th and 26th. 
Class T5 of Section x (Plants and Flowers) is set apart for Orchids, and, 
“Son previous occasions, a number of Silver Cups and Medals will be 
Sam according to merit. 


per ta LL PS pete pe Cae Nene ee) Se Se 


130 THE ORCHID REVIEW 


This show is always famous for the magnificent display of Orchids 
brought together, and we have reason to believe that on the present 
occasion the Exhibition will be fully up to the average of former years. 
Intending Exhibitors should give notice to the Secretary not later than 
May 2oth, on forms of entry to be obtained from him. 


We have received the Schedule of Prizes of the Grand Exhibition of 
Orchids, etc., of the Royal Botanical and Horticultural Society of Man- 
chester, to be held in The Gardens, Old Trafford, Manchester, from the 
1gth to the 23rd of May, 1893 (inclusive). Various Cups and Money Prizes 
are offered. Intending Exhibitors must give at least six clear days’ notice 
to the Secretary, Mr. Bruce Findlay, Botanical Gardens, Manchester. 


We note Classes for the best Miscellaneous Collection of Orchids in 
bloom, both for Amateurs and Nurserymen, for the best thirty Orchids, also 
for ten. Also for the best collections of Odontoglossums, Cypripediums, 
Cattleyas, and Dendrobiums. Messrs. F. Sander and Co. offer a Silver Cup 
for the best new Orchid sent out by them since 1887. There are also two 
Veitch Memorial Medals, one for the best Hybrid Orchid already in 
commerce, the other for one not in commerce; also a Williams Memorial 
Medal and £5, for the best bona-fide specimen Orchid in the show. 


The sale of the Langton House collection of Orchids, brought t 
gether by G. R. le Doux, Esq., of East Molesey, is announced by Messts. 
Protheroe and Morris, to take place at their Central Sale Rooms, Cheapside, 
on March 16th and two following days. 


At the sale of the Quorn House collection of Orchids, a fine plant of 
Cattleya Mendeli with thirty-two pseudobulbs, eight of them with sheaths, 
was sold for 220 guineas, the purchasers being Messrs. Hugh Low and Co. 
of Clapton. 


A correspondent suggests that notes of sales of rare and interesting 
Orchids, with the prices they realise and their purchasers, would be a? 
interesting feature of the Review, as it is frequently very ee : 
ascertain the whereabouts of such specimens. We quite endorse | z 
remark, and only hope our readers will send us such particulars from time 
to time. Where, for example, is the interesting Cattleya resplenden 
Reh. f.? And we have a list of others which we are obliged to hold ov! 
for the present. 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 131 


THE HISTORY OF ORCHID HYBRIDISATION. 
PART V. 
(Continued from page 103.) 


THE most remarkable hybrid of 1886 was undoubtedly the plant described 
as Lelia x Batemaniana, which was raised by Mr. Seden, in Messrs. 
Veitch’s establishment, by crossing Sophronitis grandiflora with the pollen 
of Cattleya intermedia, the former here utilised for the first time. The seed 
was sown in June, 1881, and the first flowers expanded early in August, 
1886, the plant being a little over five years old. Reichenbach called it ‘‘a 
lovely gem, a miniature Lelia,” and added, ‘This novelty offers a wide field 
for considerations of nomenclature. Are all hybrids between what we call 
genera to get intermediate names? . . . The effect of mixing a Sophronitis 
and a Cattleya is a Lelia; hence I must reduce Sophronitis to Lelia, 
except S. violacea, with a remodelled character.” It was dedicated to the 
veteran Orchidist, James Bateman, Esq., of Worthing, whose name had 
been known in connection with Orchids for upwards of half a century, and 
who is happily still amongst us. The plant has since been called Sophro- 
cattleya x Batemaniana, which is certainly more descriptive of its origin. 

In 1886 evidence was forthcoming of other accessions to the ranks of 
the hybridists, as seedlings raised by three new operators were now described 
for the first time. 

The first was Cypripedium x Io, raised by Norman C. Cookson, Esq., 
se Oakwood, Wylam-on-Tyne, from C. Argus 2 and C. Lawrenceanum ee | 
'S a showy thing, the flower, though modified in shape, approaching C. 
Argus much more nearly than C. Lawrenceanum. 

Cypripedium x apiculatum came next. It was raised by D. O. Drewett, 
Esq,, of Riding, Mill-on-Tyne, from C. barbatum and C. Boxallii, the former 
believed to have been the seed parent. It appears to have been the first 
hybrid raised from C. Boxallii. 

: The third was a Selenipedium, raised by Mr. Marshall, of Enfield, from 
i. faudatum, crossed with the pollen of S. Schlimii. It was dedicated to 
ne late Mr. W. Wilson Saunders, “the Mzcenas of horticulture of his 
time,” under the name of Cypripedium x Saundersianum. It is a very 
Nandsome hybrid, and still very rare and valuable. Its history and parentage 
selrsce recorded in the original description. 
wii very interesting hybrids flowered in Messrs, James Veitch and 
‘stablishment, at Chelsea, during 1886, as follows :— 
the Yeripedium x Winnianum was raised from C. villosum, crossed with 

Pollen of C. Druryi, and is fairly intermediate in character. It was 

ted to Charles Winn, Esq., of Selly Hill, Birmingham. 


©ypripedium x orphanum was named and described py Reichenbach, 


132 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


who remarked, ‘‘ This poor plant has no known parents; it is an orphan” 
—hence the name proposed. The author, however, suggested C. Druryi 
and C. Argus as the unknown parents. Of the former there can be no 
doubt ; and, from the character of the hybrid, it is almost equally certain 
that C. barbatum, not C. Argus, was the other parent. 

Zygopetalum x leopardinum also appeared without a record of its 
parentage, and Reichenbach could only suggest that Z. maxillare was prob- 
ably one parent. Colax jugosus has since been suggested as the other, 
which is just possible. It is a pretty little plant. 

Masdevallia x glaphyrantha is believed to have originated from M. 
infracta, crossed with the pollen of M. Barlzana, and it bears the strongest 
evidence of such a parentage. It is interesting to note that the two parents 
belong to different sections of the genus. 

Cypripedium x Tautzianum, the last of the five, was derived from C. 
niveum ? and C. barbatum 7, and was dedicated to F. G. Tautz, Esq., of 
Hammersmith. It is an elegant little plant, in which the characters of C. 
niveum are strongly represented. 

Calanthe x sanguinaria was raised in the collection of Sir Trevor 
Lawrence, Bart., of Burford, Dorking, but its parentage was unfortunately 
lost.. It is a handsome and brilliantly-coloured form, allied to C. x 
Veitchii. 

Two other very interesting events, which took place in 1886, complete 
our account for the year, both of which may be said to have established @ 
record. 

The first was the appearance of Lelia x lilacina, in the collection of 
F. A. Philbrick, Esq., of Oldfield. It appeared in an importation of L. 
crispa, but when it flowered it proved to be intermediate between that 
species and L. Perrinii, which grow together in South Brazil. Singulatly 
enough Lelia x Pilcheri, which flowered for the first time in 1864, es 
raised by Mr. Dominy from these very two species, and though L. * eo? 
showed one or two slight differences from L. x Pilcheri, Reichenbac 
remarked, ‘I believe it must be regarded as a variety of that might) 
beauty.” Thus its parentage was solved beforehand. 

The second event possesses a double interest, as the 
experiment undertaken to prove the origin of a wild plant, and a 


first successtul 
Iso the first 


artificial hybrid Phalzenopsis which flowered in cultivation. Wheat, in aie 
Phalenopsis x intermedia first appeared, as a solitary plant in @ by 
. sent 5) 


of P. Aphrodite (or P. amabilis, as it was then wrongly called), 
Thomas Lobb to Messrs. Veitch from the Philippines in the previous 6 
Lindley suggested that it might be a natural hybrid between that pe? 
and P. rosea. With a view to prove this hypothesis, Mr. Seden cro 2 
P. rosea with the pollen of P. Aphrodite, and when the resulting Eide : 
lowered for the first time, in 1886, it proved absolutely identical with ©: 


yeal ’ 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 133 


intermedia. The shrewdness of Dr. Lindley’s suggestion will readily be 
admitted when it is borne in mind that no artificial hybrids were then in 
existence. 

The work was now being rapidly extended over a wider field, for in 
1887 hybrids raised by at least seven new operators flowered for the first 
time. In fact Reichenbach remarked that ‘‘ All Orchidic England is now 
engaged in the procreation of mules.” We may first consider the hybrids 
raised by these new operators, taking them in the order in which they were 
described. 

First came Dendrobium x Vannerianum, which was raised by W. 
Vanner, Esq., of Camden Wood, Chislehurst, from D. moniliforme (D. 
japonicum) and D. Falconeri, the former believed to have been the seed 
parent. It flowered when between four and five years old, and was 
described as a lovely novelty. 

Cattleya x Harrisii was raised by Dr. Harris, of The Grange, Lamber- 
hurst, Kent, from Cattleya Leopoldi and C. Mendeli, the latter probably the 
pollen parent. It is a very handsome and distinct Cattleya, with amethyst- 
coloured segments, and the front lobe of the lip rich purple. Dr. Harris, it 
will be remembered, first gave Mr. Dominy the idea of hybridising Orchids, 
and now we find him making experiments on his own account. Others 
raised by him will have to be mentioned hereafter. 

Dendrobium x Schneiderianum is said to have been raised from a cross 
effected in the collection of Mr. Oscar Schneider, of Fallowfield, near Man- 
chester, from D. Findlayanum ? and D. aureum 2. The plants, however, 
were raised by Mr. Holmes, gardener to Mr. C. Moseley, at Grange Thorpe, 
Rusholme, Manchester, where they flowered for the first time in 1887. 

Masdevallia x Hincksiana was the first hybrid raised by Captain Hincks, 
of Breckenbrough, Thirsk, Yorkshire. Its parents were M. tovarensis $ 
and M. igneaZ. It is a lovely thing, with light ochre-yellow or buff sae 
which become cream-coloured with age. Strong plants produce oleae ies 
Scapes, and as one flower opens in advance of the other the effect 1s very 
curious. 

Cypripedium x Hornianum was raised by Mr. F. Horn, gardener “a 
Baron Nathaniel de Rothschild, Hohe Warte, neat Vienna, from C. supet- 
biens and C, Spicerianum. It is not recorded which was the — parent. 

Cypripedium x Charles Canham was raised by “an amateur, whose gai 
for some reason has not been divulged. C. villosum and C. superbiens she 
the parents, the pollen being derived from the latter. It 1s an or ce 
atge and handsome hybrid, most resembling the pollen parent nf y cae 
The stock was acquired and distributed by Messrs. James Veitee ae ic 
It was dedicated to Charles Canham, Orchid foreman in the Roya 

utsery, 


; . Messrs. F. 
Masdevallia x Geleniana was raised in the establishment of 


134 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


Sander and Co., of St. Albans, from M. Shuttleworthii 2 and M. xanthina@. 
It was dedicated to Baron Hruby von Gelenye, of Peckau, in Bohemia. In 
describing it Reichenbach remarked, “‘ This is the débit of Mr. F. Sander 
in Orchid hybridising, and very many more are forthcoming.” 

A second hybrid raised by Dr. Harris, of Lamberhurst, which flowered 
in 1887, was described as Cattleya x Miss Harris, in honour of that gentle- 
man’s daughter. It was derived from C. Mossie$ and C. Schilleriana 7. 
Curiously enough, the flower is remarkably like that of the pollen parent in 
shape, the influence of the mother plant being chiefly seen in a modification 
of the colour. 

Lzlia x Novelty was also raised by Dr. Harris, from Leelia pumila? 
and L. x elegans f. It is a pretty little plant, most resembling the former. 

Cypripedium x Mrs. Canham was derived from C. superbiens ¢ and C. 
villosum 2, and thus is the reversed cross of C. x Charles Canham, its origin 
and history being otherwise identical with the latter. It was dedicated to 
Mrs. Canham. Its flower is also very large, but much more like that of 
C. villosum, in fact in each case the flower takes most after the pollen 
parent. 


(Zo be continued.) 


EPICATTLEYA x GUATEMALENSIS. 


This handsome Orchid is a natural hybrid between Epidendrum aural 
tiacum and Cattleya Skinneri, and was originally found growing on the same 
tree with these two species, by Mr. Skinner, who sent it to Messrs. James 
Veitch and Sons, with whom it flowered in March, 1861. It was originally 
described as Cattleya x guatemalensis, and when exhibited at a meee 
of the Royal Horticultural Society it was awarded a First-class Certificate. 
It possesses an unmistakable combination of characters of the two paren 
species, and its beautiful flowers are quite intermediate in colour, which A 
a peculiar orange-colour flushed with rose. It is a very rare plant, — 
one or two other individuals have since appeared, to one of which Reich? 
bach gave the name of var. Wischhuseniana. A raceme of this variety ya 
exhibited by the Right Hon. Joseph Chamberlain, M.P., at a meeting f of 
Royal Horticultural Society, on April 11th last, and received an Awat ‘ 
Merit. It differs but slightly from the original form. Its present aie 
was given to indicate its descent from parents belonging to two diffe 
genera. 


Epicattleya x guatemalensis, Rolfe in Gard. Chron., 1889, i. p- 49! Ga 
Cattleya Xx guatemalensis, T. Moore in F7. Mag., 1861, t. 61 ; Rehb. fm 
1888, ii. p. 378 (var. Wischhuseniana). 


vd. Chron 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 135 


NOVELTIES. 


CypripEDIUM BULLENIANUM VAR. APPLETONIANUM, Rolfe.—This is the 
Cypripedium Appletonianum, Gower, in The Garden, Feb. 4, 1893, p- 95, 
mentioned at p. 115 of our last issue, of which we have now received a 
flower and leaf through the kindness of W. M. Appleton, Esq., Tyn-y Coed, 
Hill Road, Weston-super-Mare. The flower is precisely that of a light- 
coloured C. Bullenianum (Rchb. f.), but the leaf is remarkably different. 
Instead of having the light grey ground colour with darker blotches, so 
characteristic of this species, and its ally C. Hookera, it has a bright 
green leaf very obscurely reticulated with dark green nerves. We have not 
previously met with anything like the present one among the numerous 
examples of C. Bullenianum examined, though from the identity of floral 
structure it is evidently only a remarkable variety of this species. As 
already remarked, it is a light-coloured form, the tips of the petals being 
lightly flushed with lilac-purple, and the spots along the upper margin very 
small. The small staminode, so different from that of the allied C. 
Hookerz, is absolutely characteristic. It will be an interesting matter to 
watch the development of the plant, also to see if other individuals are 
forthcoming. 


OpontoGLossuM x WILCKEANUM VAR. ELEGANS, Rolfe.—A particularly 
bright and pretty variety of the natural hybrid Odontoglossum 
Wilckeanum has just appeared with Messrs. Austin and McAslan, The 
Nurseries, Cathcart, near Glasgow, which is distinct from anything we 
have seen before. It comes nearest to the variety sulphureum, and has 
_ Similar, strongly toothed, though slightly narrower petals. In that, how- 
ever, the whole flower is of a primrose tint, almost without markings. In 
the present one the sepals are of a distinctly brighter yellow, with a lasKe 
chestnut blotch just above the middle, two or three smaller ones just ssiage 
it, and a very few very small spots near the base. The petals and lip are 
a lighter, primrose shade, almost unspotted, the former with one or two, an 
the latter with four, quite small chestnut spots. The flower is over 3 inches 
actoss from tip to tip of the petals. The clear colours and the Pe ie 
rast between the sepals and petals give the present one a very bright an 
attractive appearance. 


OpontogLossum PEscaTORE! VAR. LEwIsII.—A distinct and pretty sah 
°f Odontoglossum Pescatorei was exhibited at @ meeting of the i 
Horticultural Society, on March 28th last, under the above re f 
Messrs. W. L, Lewis and Co., of Southgate, Of ee es pure: ae 
been sent to us. They are of medium size, the sepals and petals Mie ; the 
Unspotted, but with a light suffusion of pale purple on the sides © 


136 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


lateral sepals. The lip has a broad, wedge-shaped, deep violet-purple 
blotch, gradually narrowing towards the apex, in front of the yellow crest. 
The side lobes are also more suffused than usual with the same colour, 
and there is a small spot on either side of the isthmus, which is sometimes 
confluent with the base of the large wedge-shaped blotch. It is the 
peculiar arrangement of the colour on the lip that gives to the plant its 
distinctive appearance, which is certainly bright and attractive, though, 
like many others, it is rather an individual than a variety in the true sense. 
O. Pescatorei, however, is far less variable than the polymorphic 0. 
crispum. 


NOTICE OF BOOK. 


A Manual of Orchidaceous Plants cultivated under glass in Great Britain. 
Part IX. James Veitch and Sons, Royal Exotic Nursery, Chelsea, 
S.W. 

We have received Part ix. of the above invaluable work, which 1s 
devoted to Cymbidium, Zygopetalum, Lycaste, and the allied genera of 
Cyrtopodiez, also Maxillaria, Stanhopea and its allies, and to Rodriguezia 
and one or two other small genera of Oncidiez which have not found a 
place in preceding parts—in short, 38 genera in all. It contains 189 pages 
of text, together with an index and numerous woodcuts. The work is ® 
well known that a lengthened notice is quite unnecessary ; suffice pane! 
that it maintains its high standard of excellence, and will be invaluable 3 
a work of reference to cultivators and others. 

One or two points strikes us in turning over the pages. ZY ieee 
crinitum and Z. intermedium are reduced to the rank of varieties of i. 
Mackayi, while Z. brachypetalum, which is assuredly less distinct, * 
retained. This species also is in the Botanical Register, but on page 3: i : 
as given by Reichenbach. The precise habitat of Maxillaria grandiflora 
noted as “‘ only known to the collectors who sent it to Europe,” but we — 
point out, however, that at least four localities are known, in Ecuador, oar 
New Granada, and Venezuela, and that the species is widely diffs 
Lycaste macrophylla is made a synonym of L. plana, but as _ ae 
mentioned in the original description of L. plana, as based om ee es 
Maxillaria macrophylla, Ppp. and Endl., the former is the name N 
must be retained. L. x hybrida must be cited from this work, brid 
the Gardeners’ Chronicle for 1878, where it is only alluded to as 4 EP is 
Lycaste.” L, Smeeana, cited after Reichenbach as a natural hybe ze 
evidently a good species. These points are not mentioned, pees = 
detracting from the value of the work, which contains a mine of 
mation of the most valuable kind. 


CA ee eee ee 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 137 


DENDROBIUM x ASPASIA. 


Tue subject of our present illustration is a handsome hybrid raised . from 
Dendrobium aureum 2 and D. Wardianum @, first in the collection of Messrs. 
James Veitch and Sons, of Chelsea, and afterwards in that of C. Winn, Esq., 
Selly Hill, Birmingham. It was first exhibited by the former firm on 


Fig. 9. DENDROBIUM X ASPASIA. 


Apri 9, 1889, on the occasion of its flowering for the first time, under the 
"ame of Dendrobium x Wardiano-aureum. The flowers had not then 
“ached their normal development, but on the 11th of March in the following 
Year it was awarded a First-class Certificate by the Royal Horticultural 


138 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


Society. The photograph here reproduced was kindly sent by Mr. Winn, 
and represents the plant raised in his own collection. He states that it is 
a very free grower, with strong thick pseudobulbs, and {very floriferous. A 
living flower sent at the same time shows. that the sepals and petals are 
creamy white, tipped with light rose-purple, which is most distinct on the 
petals. The lip has a very large orange disc, on which is an irregularly 
pencilled crimson blotch; in front of this is a cream-white area, and, 
finally, the apex is rose-purple. Altogether it is a very handsome plant, and 
Mr. Winn remarks that it has been very much admired. He also states 
that one of the plants raised from the same seed-pod is nearly white, with 
the exception of the disc, which is normal in colour. The other characters 
of the plant can best be seen by a glance at ourzillustration, which conveys 
more to the eye than the longest description. 


Dendrobium X Aspasia, Hort. ; Gard. Chron., 1890, i. p. 336. 
D. Wardiano-aureum, Gard. Chron., 1889, i. p. 490. 


AN ORCHID COLLECTION FIFTY YEARS AGO. 


Eacu of our previous issues has contained an account of some famous 
modern collection. To-day we vary the proceedings with an account of af 
ancient one, the facts of which have been kindly communicated by # 
veteran who served under Donald Beaton, one of the most successitl 
gardeners of his day, and one who paid considerable attention to Orchids, 
as the following notes will prove. It will serve to show how great . 
advance has been made in the interval which has since elapsed, both 1 
the composition of Orchid collections and in their management, and wi 
doubtless prove interesting to our readers, few of whom can ess: = 
personal recollections of this remote period. It was Beaton, it will 
remembered, who first used brick troughs of water for heating Li 
We have prefaced the account in question with a few general remarks 
Beaton and his methods. 
’ In 1836, when Beaton was gardener to W. Gordon, Esq-; 
some of his notes on Orchid culture were published in the second a 
of Paxton’s Magazine of Botany (p. 263). He there remarks that he a 
did and never could purchase any of these plants, so that he had to at 
mence with only the smallest pieces, presumably given, Of obtain 
exchange. He then details his method of treatment, and we need 
remark that it was before the days of cool Orchid growing. 
“IT never allow young plants,” he remarks, ‘to have 4 
they attain a flowering size, or are otherwise well established, 


“ show 
words, I keep up a constant stimulus.” He then’ proceeds * 


J 
. 
. 
| 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 139 


this was done. ‘‘ The last two winters I removed my large plants from 
the regular Orchideze house for wintering, and kept my smallest plants in 
aregular heat of from 70° to 80°, and had a good crop of cucumbers to the 
bargain.” Poor plants! 

With regard to potting, he observed—“ I never pot young plants until 
two years or more old, and well supplied with roots.” Here is his mode of 
treatment :—The young plants were fastened to a ball of moss, which was 
held together by copper wire and kept moist, but no water allowed to touch 
the plant. When the balls were well rooted, more moss was added, and 
the whole placed in a forked stick, formed by three diverging branches, and 
hung up in the house. Soon the roots monopolised both moss and stick, 
and now was said to be the time to pot. The stick was now placed in a 
pot so that the plant was just above the rim, and the interval filled up 
with turf (peat); or other material which might be supposed to answer 
the same purpose. The plants were not watered overhead during the 
winter, but the house was kept moist. 

Soon afterwards Beaton entered the service of Thomas Harris, Esq., of 
Kingsbury, Kilburn, and in 1839 he again wrote an article, which appeared 
in Loudon’s Gardener’s Magazine for that year (p. 552)- Here he states 
that he still follows the same practice with but little variation, and that 
the collection at Kingsbury shows as much evidence of successful cultiva- 
tion as any in the country. He further remarks that his aversion to pot 
culture has been increasing ever since, and that he is quite certain that no 
argument will ever induce him to reconcile himself to the present hideous 
method of pot culture—the plants placed on mounds of earth raised over the 
tops of large pots—and the still more frightful system of plunging these 
large pots in tan, to receive bottom heat. Bottom heat by hot water, he 
added, would probably prove beneficial, if it could be carried out, but even 
then he would use no pots. He recommends in preference flat-bottomed 
baskets of copper wire, placed on the tops of pots on some imperishable 
material over the hot-water pipes. Or they might be hung up, when the 
Soil would be less liable to become sodden. ‘They should be three to 
four, tarely six inches deep, lined inside with pieces of turf (peat) not 
= touching ; over this some rough pieces of turf were to be laid, and the 
Plants Planted. Delicate plants he recommended should first be planted 
ina small pot in the centre, round which turf and crocks were to be placed 
equal quantities. 

Some Species were grown on forked sticks, a method which he observed 
"as also Carried out by Mr. Fortune, in the Horticultural Society’s garden, 
and, in the case of Stanhopeas and others, with great success. 
= As regards treatment, he observed that Orchids must have their — 

eee they were wished to flower, but if not, they should be given 4 
Stimulus (i.e, of heat) all the year round, a method successfully adopted by 


140 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


Messrs. Loddiges. Finally, if a plant was weak the flowers should be 
picked off as they appear. | 

“When your plant is in flower,” he remarks, ‘ wrap moss, paper, or 
some such article round the basket and take it to the drawing-room. This 
will obviate the necessity of ladies entering the Orchidaceous house, which 
few of them like to do, and the change will be a great benefit to your plant, 
After unloading itself of its beauty and fragrance in the drawing-room it 
will begin growing when brought back to the Orchidaceous house with 
redoubled exertions.” 

At Kingsbury Beaton appears to have been very differently situated with 
regard to obtaining plants, for Mr. Harris despatched a collector, ont 
Charles M’Kenzie, in search of Orchids. Beaton’s treatment of newly 
imported plants was in accord with the modern system in principle, as its 
object was to gradually restore their plumpness before making any attempt 
to plant them, but some of the details, such as stacking them in piles and 
covering them with mats, have long been superseded. 

About a year later Beaton was appointed gardener to Sir William 
Middleton, Bart., at Shrubland Hall, near Ipswich, where he again had 
an Orchid house under his charge, and it is to this collection that out 
article is specially devoted, though it seemed desirable to preface it with an 
account of Beaton and his methods. For the following particulars we 
indebted to our esteemed correspondent, who was a grower of Orchids until 
quite recently, and who, with one or two other veteran Orchidists, we 2% 
proud to number among our readers. 

Few gardeners of the present day knew the late Mr. Donald Beaton, 
who was for many years gardener to the late Sir William Middleton, - 
Shrubland Hall, near Ipswich, and a still less number of Orchid growels» 
indeed, he was better known to his contemporaries as @ pioneer of ‘ 
‘“‘bedding out” system of flower gardening, and as a hybridise of a 
bedding or Zonal Pelargonium; yet he was a grower and a lover of pot 
at a time when their management was far less understood than n0W) ; 
when Orchidists numbered about one to a hundred of those of the : i 
day. As I had the pleasure of serving under him as plant foretie in ie 
and 1848, I have thought that perhaps a list of the principal kinds 
grown there might be of interest to the readers of the ORCHID eg 

As already hinted, the cultivation of Orchids was then but little 4” 
stood, in comparison with these times, and one Orchid hou ad 
accommodation for all the family; whereas now there are usually ei 
houses set apart for their culture, in which they can be classified pn 
to their respective requirements, as to temperature, moisture, &e. day- 


rough-and-ready method—or would be so considered at the ia 


nevertheless some of the Orchids which like stove treatme 
very well, and especially the old Phaius grandifolius, then know® 


: 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 141 


Tankervillee, Dendrobiums nobile, densiflorum and fimbriatum, Oncidiums 
Papilio and altissimum, Saccolabium guttatum, Goodyera discolor, and 
several others, which both grew well and flowered freely. 

The genus Dendrobium, now so extensively grown and so deservedly 
popular, came first in point of numbers, six species being represented, 
namely, D. calceolaria, D. densiflorum, D. fimbriatum, D. nobile, D. 
Pierardii, and D. speciosum. 

Of Cattleya only three kinds were grown, C. labiata, whose re-intro- 
duction has recently caused so much discussion, the beautiful C. Mossiz, 
and C. Loddigesii, which had then been known in various collections for a 
very long period. 

Cypripedium was represented by two species, C. insigne and C. venustum, 
the two earliest, and for a long time the only, species in cultivation. 

Four species of Oncidium were grown, the Butterfly Orchid, O. Papilio. 
0. flexuosum, O. altissimum, and O. pubes, none of which were then very 
recent introductions, and the two last probably more common then than 
now. 

The only two Odontoglossums were O. cordatum, and the then recently- 
introduced O. grande. 

Epidendrum was represented by three species, the curious shell-like 
E. cochleatum, E. verrucosum, and E. aurantiacum, which had been intro- 
duced from Guatemala some time previously. 

There were two Zygopetalums, Z. Mackayi and Z. maxillare, both 
introduced long before. 

The Stanhopeas, which succeeded better under the warm treatment 
than many others, were four in number, S. grandiflora, S. insignis, S. 
oculata, and the large-flowered and handsome S. tigrina. 

Two Leelias only were grown, namely L. anceps and L. albida. 

The two Gongoras were G. atropurpurea and G. maculata, besides which 
Acropera Loddigesii, which has since been referred to Gongora, must be 
mentioned, 

Brassia was represented by three species, B. caudata, B. Lanceana, and 
B. maculata, 

The Aérides group was represented by Aérides odoratum, Saccolabium 
guttatum, Sarcanthus rostratus, Vanda teres and V. Roxburghii, and 
Angraecum eburneum, which also like the warm treatment. 

The remaining species were, Bifrenaria Harrisoniz (then called Maxil- 
laria Harrisoniz), Bletia hyacinthina, Brassavola cucullata, Broughtonia 
‘anguinea, a really handsome Orchid when it flowers well, Calanthe 
"eratrifolia, Catasetum Hookeri, Goodyera discolor, Maxillaria dct 
Miltonia candida, Peristeria elata, the Dove Orchid, Phaius grandifolius. 
ind Phalenopsis amabilis, introduced from the Philippines not long before. 

The above were the principal species then cultivated at Shrubland Hall, 


142 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


but there were a few others of less importance. Many larger collections 
were then in existence, as for some time previously large importations had 
been continually arriving, and more rational methods of treatment were 
being gradually discovered and adopted. Many Orchids were then grown 
which are seldom seen at the present day, their places having been taken 
by showier things. 

Had Beaton lived a few years later it is probable that he would have 
been as enthusiastic a hybridiser of Orchids as he was of bedding Pelar 
goniums, in which connection his name will long be remembered. 

BEATONIAN. 


HYBRID ODONTOGLOSSUMS. 


THE genus Odontoglossum, so deservedly popular in gardens, has 
proved somewhat perplexing as regards its nomenclature. Several of the 
most popular species are not only very polymorphic, but seem to bt 
connected by a series of intermediate forms, which obscure their natural 
limits. The beautiful Odontoglossum crispum, for example, is connected 
in this way with O. gloriosum, O. luteopurpureum, and O. Lindleyanu™ 
three quite different species which, a priori, it would seem impossible t? 
confuse. And the same feature presents itself in other cases. After 
making due allowance for a certain amount of polymorphism in ied 
species themselves, we are driven to the conclusion that these intermediate 
forms are genuine natural hybrids, and have arisen through the inter 
crossing of the species by insect agency. 

The first of these intermediate forms appeared as long ag %® 1807; 
in an importation made by Messrs. Hugh Low and Co., of Clapton : 
was described by Reichenbach as O. x Andersonianum, and its rea 
to O. crispum and O. gloriosum were duly pointed out. Other forms 
successively came to light, slowly at first, but afterwards more laa 
as the importations increased in number and quantity. At the aoe 
day they form a very numerous class, and are represented 10 alm 
every collection. A large number of them have received specific opi 
with the result that the nomenclature of the genus has been thrown 
considerable confusion. orth 

Difficult as they undoubtedly are, these intermediate forms are * 
of careful study, with a view to the clearing up of theif oer 
parentage, which is still a matter of considerable uncertainty . 
they have proved very difficult to deal with. Some of the foe 
been spoken of as ‘confluent in series,” and the Messrs. Ye Jedget 
Manual of Orchidaceous Plants, have placed several of these acknow™ 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 143 


hybrids as varieties of the species they most nearly resemble; a plan, as 
they well remark, ‘‘ by no means free from objection.” 

For several years I have made a study of these intermediate and 
doubtful forms, whenever the opportunity presented itself, and as numerous 
inquiries are continually being made on the subject, it seems desirable to 
place the results of my observations on record. 

In 1874, when Odontoglossum x Andersonianum first appeared, com- 
paratively little was known about hybrid Orchids, as the number of artificial 
ones which had reached the flowering stage could almost be counted on 
the fingers of both hands, as has been recently pointed out in these pages. 
At the* present time, however, not only has our knowledge of the subject 
generally been enormously increased, but the origin of two supposed 
natural hybrid Odontoglossums has been demonstrated by actual experi- 
ment, and the subject may therefore be said to have passed beyond the 
stage of mere speculation. 

From an attentive observation of the numerous Odontoglossums in 
cultivation, I have arrived at the conclusion that, in the majority of cases, 
it is possible to separate hybrid forms from genuine species and their 
Varieties, and that where this is not the case it is only because of the 
imperfect data at hand. It is fortunate that such is the case, for it is 
the first real step to the solution of the problem. It is not an easy matter 
to lay down any absolute rules on the subject, but the two groups are so 
*ssentially distinct in their origin that a very few considerations will serve 
to make the matter clear. 

A species, of whatever kind, has always a definite geographical area. 
over which the individuals which compose it are distributed, more or less 
continuously or disconnectedly according to circumstances. Taking this 
‘rea as a whole, the individuals are generally very numerous, and every- 
where they bear so strong a resemblance to each other that they can 
s‘nerally be recognised as belonging to the same species. Moreover the 
Mesent distribution, however wide, must be ascribed to gradual diffusion 
m some original birthplace. Orchids, generally speaking, are rather 
local in their distribution; but there are exceptions, and it has been 
"epeatedly observed that widely diffused species are the most variable. 
Sc noteworthy fact is that the most closely allied plants are usually 

M different localities. The explanation is very simple. 
nN a species becomes widely diffused, it almost invariably comes 
the influence of changed conditions, and as every part of an organism 
osely related to its complex conditions of life, a corresponding change 
plant necessarily takes place. Hence variations arise, which in 
“come more marked, and are called geographical varieties, and 
eri Subspecies, and species. An extension of ie process, together 
the €xtinction of intermediate forms, results in the formation of 


is ¢] 
in 


144 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


genera, and groups of higher rank. These considerations help us to 
understandjthe difficulty in certain cases of defining the limits of species, 
and also why the most closely allied plants occur in different localities. 

Two or more allied species may be found growing together in one 
spot, but generally speaking they have nearer relations elsewhere, and 
even when this is not the case there are strong reasons for believing that 
they originated separately, and were afterwards brought together. Probably 
no instances could be found of two species occupying absolutely identical 
geographical areas. Their boundaries are hardly ever conterminous, of, 
in other words, they may grow together in certain localities, but there are 
others where they grow separately, or in different combinations. These 
several considerations help us materially to understand the phenomena of 
natural hybridism. 

Natural hybrids only originate where two or more allied species grow 
in sufficient proximity to each other for the pollen of one species to reach 
the stigma of the other. In the case of Orchids we know how this is 
effected by insect agency. The species must also have retained theif 
congenital affinity, or, in other words, be capable of hybridising together. 
Wherever these conditions obtain, natural hybrids may occur. In most 
cases they are found growing with the parent species. It may not always 
be the case, for the light seeds of Orchids may be carried some distance, 
though we have very little evidence of its taking place om any extensive 
scale. Were it otherwise the species would be more generally diffused. 
And in any case uncrossed seed would be likely to be carried to the same 
distance, and to germinate, if placed under favourable conditions. 

Natural hybrids, like those obtained artificially, almost invariably show 
a distinct combination of the characters of the two parent species, which 
may usually be traced on careful examination. Sometimes the character 
of one parent preponderate over those of the other, and it becomes 4 . 
difficult case to identify the second one, but generally speaking hybn 
may be said to bear the stamp of their origin in their faces. . 

Another fact respecting them is that, compared with the pa 
they are very rare. Sometimes a single individual appears in an imp? 3 
tion, and is not recognised until it flowers; in other cases there may : 
several. In a few cases the individuals are numerous, because the os 
has been effected over and over again, and large importations of P 
have been made. 


it has bee? 
Again, they are usually very variable. From the very first it aia 
observed that it was a rare occurrence for any two of them to be they 
etimes 


though apparently derived from the same two species, and som 
have received different names. This variability is well kn ae 
case of artificial hybrids. 


(Zo be continued.) 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 145 


CYPRIPEDIUM INSIGNE VAR. SANDERIANUM. 


Aone the most distinct of the numerous varieties of the popular Cypripe- 
dium insigne, so highly valued as an autumn and winter-flowering plant, is 
the one here figured, which was introduced by Messrs. F. Sander and Co., of 
St. Albans. This firm has.been particularly successful in the importation 
of this species. First they introduced that most charming yellow variety 
Sander, named after Mrs. Sander, now the most valuable Cypripedium 
Known. Then came Macfarlanei, nearly similar in colour but different in 


Fig. 10. CYPRIPEDIUM INSIGNE VAR. SANDERIANUM. 


shape, 


ne and now comes another unspotted form, quite different in colour. 
‘Cis of 


a light yellowish-green, with darker green reticulated nerves, and a 
“ad white border to the dorsal sepal, as shown in our illustration. It 
: @ very effective contrast with the other varieties of this useful plant. 
ts = 4 good specimen in the collection of Baron Sir Henry Schroder, a 
Which ne Egham, which produced several flowers in January a 0 
~? Sindly sent for the purpose, is here reproduced from a photograph. 
IO 


146 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


LZLIA TENEBROSA. 


A very handsome Lelia has been known in gardens for the last few years 
under the name of L. grandis tenebrosa, whose correct nomenclature remains 
somewhat unsettled, and as its flowering season is now rapidly approaching 
it seems desirable to add a few words respecting it. My first acquaintance 
with it dates from May, 1889, when a single flower from the collection of H, 
Tate, Esq., of Allerton Beeches, Liverpool, was sent by the Liverpool 
Horticultural Company, as a variety of L. grandis. Then it came from 
Mr, A. H. Grimsditch, of Clayton Square, Liverpool, with the information 
that it was introduced by Senor Travassos. M. Binot also introduced it in 
1889, and two or three other firms have since obtained it, as it now appears, 
from Bahia. It was distributed in gardens under the name of L. grandis 
tenebrosa, in allusion to its dark colours. It is now evident, however, that 
the plant is not a variety of L. grandis, but a distinct species, which may 
therefore bear the above name. L. grandis has smaller flowers, with 
nankeen-yellow, very undulate sepals and petals, and a white lip, beautifully 
veined throughout with radiating rose-purple veins ; while L. tenebrosa has 
larger flowers, with broader and flatter sepals and petals of a bronze of 
almost coppery hue, and a deep purple lip with a lighter margin. These 
differences are quite constant, and it is evident that the two plants are 
distinct, though allied species. Both are very handsome. 

Lelia tenebrosa, Rolfe, 

L. grandis var., Rolfe in Gard. Chron., 1889, i. p. 683. 

L. grandis tenebrosa, Hort., Rolfe in ZLzudenia, vii. p. 7, t. 290; id., in Gard. Chron, 
1891, ii. p. 126 ; Orchidophile, 1891, p. 369, with plate ; Reichenbachia, ser. 2, V0l. thy p- 69 


t. 33 
R. A. RB. 


THE HYBRIDIST. 


DENDROBIUM X NIOBE. 


Ar last we have a hybrid from Dendrobium tortile, and a handsome of 
too. It was exhibited by Messrs. James Veitch and Sons, at a meeting © 
the Royal Horticultural Society, on April 11th last, and received an AW 
of Merit. Mr, Seden was the raiser, and used D. nobile as the polle? 
parent. The pseudobulbs are stouter than in D. nobile, the pee hich 
2} inches long, and the sepals and petals slightly twisted, all of W . 
characters are distinctly derived from the mother plant. The flows’ 
bright rose-purple, the petals 13 inches long by $ths broad, and ee as 

a deep maroon disc, as in the pollen parent. In many respects it 
a deeply-coloured D. nobile nobilius, though with the differences 
pointed out.. The plant bore seven flowers on four racemes: 


above 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 147 


CYPRIPEDIUM xX MELANTHUS. 


This hybrid owes its descent to the crossing of Cypripedium Hookere 
with the pollen of C. Stonei. Mr. Seden was the raiser. The leaves are 
distinctly tessellated, and the scape 16 inches long, and at present one- 
flowered. The dorsal sepal has almost the shape of C. Stonei, but suffused 
with olive-green, and the stripes less distinct. The petals are 3} inches 
long, broader than in C. Stonei, and much darker, as the yellow-green 
ground is almost wholly suffused with bright purple-brown, and with 
numerous small spots. The lip is 2} inches long, veined with light brown 
on a paler ground, and thus it resembles the pollen parent in this organ also. 
The staminode is nearly circular, slightly concave, and hairy near the 
margins. The influence of the seed parent is best seen in the foliage, 
though in the flower it can also be traced. It will probably improve as the 
plant becomes stronger. 


CYPRIPEDIUM. X PAULII. 


This is a rather curious hybrid, which has been raised in the collection 
of John C. Bowring, Esq., Forest Farm, Windsor Forest, from C. x selli- 
gerum majus, crossed with C. x Harrisianum. Its descent may be thus 
€xpressed :— 


C. villosum 9. ) 
C. barbatum 2. 
C. barbatum 9. ) 
C. philippinense 7. j 


C. x Harrisianum ¢ ) 
| C. x Pauli. 


C. x selligerum f. | 


It will thus appear that, although both parents are themselves hybrids, 
the offspring has fifty per cent. of the blood of C. barbatum in it, and 
twenty-five each of C. villosum and C. philippinense. The scape bears two 
large flowers, which have much of the character of C. x Harrisianum ; but 
the dorsal sepal is narrower, and has a curious twist. It is dedicated to 
Mr. Paul, Mr. Bowring’s gardener. 


CYPRIPEDIUM X MURILLO. 


A hybrid raised by M. Charles Vuylsteke, Loochristy, near Ghent, from 

 Boxalli atratum 2 and C. Argus ¢. Thus it is derived from the same two 

Species as the one called C. x Dibdin (p. 118).—F. Desbois in Gardeners’ 
Chronicle, Feb; I1th, p. 162. 3 : 


CYPRIPEDIUM xX GERMINYANUM VIOLACEUM. ~ 


A hybrid raised by M. Charles Vuylsteke, of Loochristy, near Ghent, 


148 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


from C. villosum and C. hirsutissimum. It would appear to be a fine 
form of C. x Germinyanum. It is described under the name of C. villosum 
violaceum, which we venture to amend.—F. Desbois in Gardeners’ Chronicle, 
Feb. 18th, p. 195. 


DENDROBIUM X RUBENS. 


A very handsome hybrid, derived from D. x Leechianum ¢ and D. 
nobile nobilius 7, which therefore contains three-fourths blood of D. nobile. 
It is described from the collection of Mr. J. Cypher, Queen’s Road Nursery, 
Cheltenham. It is a free- -grower, and very floriferous, and combines the 
characters of its two parents.— O’Brien in Gardeners’ Chrome Feb. 25th, 
p. 226. : 


CALENDAR OF OPERATIONS FOR MAY. 
By W. H. Wuire, Burford, Dorking. 


Ir is a great pleasure and satisfaction to. look through a collection of 
Orchids at the present time, and to notice how quickly these plants have 
responded to the increased sun-heat which they have experienced during 
March and April. The majority of the plants in each division will now be 
growing and rooting freely, and should receive careful treatment as regards 
watering. There can be no doubt that rain-water is the best. and most 
natural, particularly for syringing purposes. Where reservoir water . is used 
it generally leaves a white sediment on the leaves and bulbs, which not only 
stops up the pores and prevents the plants from obtaining atmospheri¢ 
nourishment, but also appears: very unsightly. It is therefore of great 
importancethat every house should be furnished with a tank for the storas® 
of latge quantities of rain-water. During the summer months, W when the 
supply is uncertain, it is not always advisable to rely wholly upon the i9 
quantity. Here we have a large tank outside, made expressly for Gere 
rain-water from the dwelling-house. The water is easily pumped into t j 
tanks through a large garden-hose, and in times of drought I have foun 
this extra supply exceedingly useful. It is not necessary th 
pipes ‘should | be laid through all the tanks in Orchid houses; but 1 “pt 
in the East Indian house be provided with a three-inch hot-water pipe’ 
the purpose of incr easing the temperature of the water, with a valve ow the 
the tank to properly regulate it, this will be sufficient. I do ‘not i 
water to be heated, with the view of increasing humidity 1 in the a fot 
as I am fully convinced that this is aalcauet to the plane but ay 
watering ‘and syringing purposes. 


side 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 149 


On watering days (Wednesdays and Saturdays), and at other times if 
required, we turn the heat on the tank early in the morning, and in summer 
immediately the temperature is at 66° or 68° the valve is turned off. 
During the winter months 62° or 63° is sufficient. With water at. these 
temperatures the whole of the inmates of the East Indian house are 
supplied. For the Cattleyas and other Intermediate house. plants the 
temperature is reduced by several degrees, and of course colder water is 
used for Odontoglossums, Masdevallias, and all other cool-growing Orchids. 
With regard to syringing much may be said both for and against the 
practice. ‘If it be done indiscriminately and without care, evil results will 
follow. Never syringe a plant that is suspended above others, or the water 
will drip into the growths of those underneath, and if not immediately 
removed many valuable plants may be ruined. Where the syringe is used 
with discretion some Orchids appreciate the operation immensely. When 
in full growth, such plants as Dendrobiums, Sobralias, Lelia anceps, Vanda 
teres, and many of the Cypripediums delight in a gentle sprinkling overhead 
early on a warm summer afternoon, but such Cypripediums as Lowil, 
Stonei, philippinense, and Selenipedium caudatum should not be syringed 
overhead, as the water will probably remain in the centre of the growths, 
causing decay and the loss of many leaves. Cypripediums should never be 
allowed to become dry at the root and should receive a thorough soaking as 
often as necessary. Cattleyas and Lezlias of the elegans type require very 
careful watering, even during the growing season. It is frequently and 
easily overdone, especially when the plants are not properly potted. The 
majority of our Cattleyas receive a good watering about once a week, but 
less often in the case of those that are in large pots and have more material 
about their roots, while to those in small pots, and well rooted, water is 
given more frequently. -Pleiones, Sobralias, Stanhopeas, Coelogynes, 
Zygopetalums, and the tall-growing Epidendrums, should be watered 
frequently, and they will appreciate a soaking of weak liquid cow-manure 
once a week during the summer months. The cooler growing plants must 
be watered often enough to keep the sphagnum moss growing. Plants on 
blocks require much attention, and should be watered at least once a day 
during growth. As the young roots of Aérides are now in full activity, the 
amount of moisture both at the root and in the atmosphere must be largely 
increased. Damp down between the pots both morning and afternoon, 
using tepid rain-water in preference to any other, and as the plants 
Té-establish themselves, more light may be given, by drawing up the 
blinds a little earlier in the afternoon than usual. This will prevent the 
Stowths from becoming drawn, and help to harden the plants, so that they 
may pass through their resting season without any great loss of foliage. 

The Phalenopses may now be taken in hand. Those phat eres SHOre 
Toot room should receive it at once, or if the material in which they are 


150 ‘THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


growing, has become decomposed, it should be replaced with fresh. In 
removing the plants into larger baskets, great care must be taken in 
separating the roots from whatever they may have been clinging to, not to 
injure them. When well cultivated, few Orchids are more admired than 
these, and they certainly deserve all the care that can be bestowed upon 
them. For further cultural directions I cannot do better than ‘refer the 
numerous readers of the ORCHID REVIEW back to page 80, where a descrip- 
tion is given of the method adopted for their culture by Mr. W. H. Young, 
at Clare Lawn, East Sheen, which has been attended with great success, 
Among other plants that are grown to perfection at Clare Lawn, Ccelogyne 
pandurata may be mentioned. A splendid example was exhibited at the 
Royal Horticultural Society meeting on March 14th, which was deservedly 
awarded a Cultural Commendation. This beautifully grown plant, with 
its peculiar green and black flowers, was very attractive. I must admit that 
up to the present, I have failed to grow, or even to keep this Orchid in any- 
thing like respectable condition, for any length of time, but through the 
kindness of Mr. Young in giving me the following information, I hope in 
future to succeed. When the plant in question was first imported it was 
placed in an ordinary teak basket, with very little material to root into; the 
leading bulb quickly started to grow, and the young growth soon found its 
way over the side of the basket. Immediately the roots appeared at the 
base of the young growth, the plant, basket and all, was placed in a long 
and narrow teak basket, which was well drained. The material used was 
peat and moss in equal proportions, laid loosely over the crocks and well 
watered. The plant was placed on the open lattice stage in the stov® 
amongst foliage plants, and kept moist at all times, when the roots speedily 
took possession of the new compost, and the plant flourished luxuriantly- 
A very pretty and interesting Orchid when in bloom is Phaius tuberculosus- 
Unfortunately it is often met with in a languishing condition. From ” 
own observation the principal causes of failure has been neglect in aie 
the plants free from insect pests. When once these obtain a footing low 
down in the young growths it seems almost impossible to completely 
eradicate them. Immediately the new growths commence to unfold thett 
leaves, they must be thoroughly examined every day for thrips, and if & 
Should make their appearance, keep the plants under strict supervision af 
considerable time. No pains should be spared in getting rid of them, 
once neglected failure will be the result. Cleanliness is especially — 
in the cultivation of this plant, and when properly attended to pt 
respect, it is tolerably easy to grow. It may be grown in pots oF ion i 
pans, two-thirds filled with drainage, over which place a thick tet 
sphagnum moss, then a layer of mixed peat and moss, upo ee ing 
plants should be placed. Finally fill up to the rhizome with clean ™ 
sphagnum. A hot moist and shady corner of the East Indian hous€ 


THE ORCHID. REVIEW. 151 


suit them, keeping the compost always moist, and during hot weather 
syringing overhead will be found beneficial in checking the increase of 
thrips and red spider. Large fleshy scale insects are very partial to this 
plant, but may easily be kept down by sponging the leaves over occasionally: 
But this must be done with care, because if the young foliage be rubbed 
hard it will probably be permanently injured. | 

The large ivory-white Cymbidium eburneum still holds its own among 
first-class Orchids, and is deserving of the best position in the coolest 
and shadiest part of the Intermediate house, where it may remain all 
the year round. Those plants that require more root-room should 
receive attention as they pass out of flower. The thick fleshy roots of 
this Orchid’ require a larger space to ramble in than is generally 
afforded, therefore it is necessary to use extra-sized, well-drained pots. 
Use a compost consisting of ‘one half good turfy loam, the other half 
fibrous peat and moss, to which may be added a little leaf soil and 
broken crocks in sufficient quantities to keep the compost open, and 
allow a free passage for water. Instead of elevating the plant above the 
tim of the pot, keep the soil at least half an inch below it. During the 
growing season water must be freely given, and at other times sufficient to 
keep the roots moist, Cymbidiums do not appreciate dryness, either at the 
Toot or in the air, as it will cause loss of foliage, greatly to the disfigurement 
of the plants. The above remarks also apply to C. elegans, C. Mastersii, 
C. affine, C. aloifolium, C. ensifolium, C. chloranthum, and C. longifolium. 
But C. Lowianum does not require so large an amount of pot room as C. 
eburneum, and when properly potted and well cared for, this plant may 
temain undisturbed for many years, and will produce its long arching 
flower-spikes more freely when kept in a pot-bound condition. An 
Occasional dose of weak liquid cow-manure will greatly benefit the plants 
When throwing up their flower-spikes. C. giganteum, C. pendulum, and C. 
Hookerianum, should also be treated as advised for C. Lowianum. C. 
Devonianum produces its pendulous racemes from the base of the young 
srowths, and therefore basket culture will best suit its requirements. All 
the above-mentioned Cymbidiums grow well in the same house with C. 
eburneum, 

The Anguloas will now be growing and fast sending up their flowers, 
Which, when fully developed are very attractive and interesting. These 
Plants may be re-potted either immediately they commence to grow, 
or when they have done flowering. Being free-rooting plants they should 
have considerably more material to grow in than the majority of Orchids 
Tequire, Fill the pots about half way up with clean broken crocks, then 
“over the drainage with a layer of moss, using as a compost two parts of peat, 
ene of good fibrous loam and the remainder chopped sphagnum. During 
active growth, and until the bulbs are thoroughly matured, give plenty of 


152 . THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


water, and an occasional dose of weak liquid manure will be beneficial, 
When growth is completed, gradually diminish the supply of moisture at 
the root, just enough being given to prevent undue shrivelling. Anguloas 
are Intermediate house plants, and a cool and shady position will suit them. 
Sponge over the large leaves frequently to keep them free from scale and 
red-spider. 

Where many different species of Coelogyne are grown, some or other will 
be in bloom throughout a considerable period of the year, and there- 
fore they will not all require re-potting at the same time. The best time 
for this operation is when they are starting into new growth, and the 
ordinary compost of peat and moss, in equal proportions, should be used. 
During the growing season, syringing the plants slightly overhead after a 
hot day will help them to make clean, strong and healthy growths. 
Coelogynes appreciate plenty of light but not sunshine, and abundance of 
water when growing. During their short period of rest the compost should 
be kept just moist. The Cattleya or Intermediate house is the proper place 
for the following Ccelogynes:—C. barbata, C. elata, C. corrugata, C. 
glandulosa, C. conferta, C. ocellata, C. speciosa, C. fuliginosa, and C. 
Sanderiana. I used to grow C. Massangeana and C. tomentosa in the East 
Indian house, but I find they grow stronger and bloom more freely when 
placed in a lower temperature with the varieties just mentioned. Last 
year C. Massangeana produced fourteen new bulbs, and flowered freely for 
several months, and nowit is pushing up twenty strong growths. C. Dayana 
also does well hanging up in the Cattleya house, but those that come from 
the hot lowlands, such as C. asperata, C. peltastes, C. Cumingil and C. 
Foerstermanni, should be grown in the hottest house, with partial shade. 

Such plants as Dendrobium infundibulum, and its variety Jamesianum 
Lelia harpophylla, Oncidium _ bifrons, Cryptophoranthus Dayanum 
Masdevallia tovarensis, M. ephippium, M. Schlimii, and those 
the Chimaira section that have been wintered in the Intermediate hous 
may now with safety be removed to their summer quarters in the fe 
house. The temperature of each division may now be increased by night, 
the East Indian to 65°-70°, the Intermediate or Cattleya house to Of 
€5°, the Mexican to 60°, and the cool or Odontoglossum house 1? sey 
55° The higher temperature should be maintained only when the see 
air is about 50°; when 40° the lower is preferable, always wate 
decrease of several degrees by the morning. The day temperatures # 
rise from 5° to 10° above this, as maintained by fire heat, and 4 aa 
several degrees more by sun-heat will be beneficial, with the = 
temperatures, increased humidity in the atmosphere will be eo 
all bright days keep the floors and stages well supplied with mol fe 
damping them well both morning and evening. Gradually ince ip 
amount of air whenever possible and shade the various houses 4S advi 
the previous Calendar. 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 153 


ORCHID PORTRAITS. 
BOTANICAL MAGAZINE. 


CATTLEYA IRICOLOR, Rchb. f. (See p. 63 of our February issue.) A 
reference to the Peruvian Amazons as the home of C. Rex, Lindl., is 
evidently a slip for C. luteola, Lindl., for the locality of C. Rex has not 
been divulged, and Lindley is not its author.—t. 7287. 

SATYRIUM CORIIFOLIUM, Sw., var. MACULATUM, Hook. f. A variety 
with orange-yellow flowers spotted with red, which flowered with H. J. 
Elwes, Esq., of Colesborne, Gloucestershire, in August last. A note by 
Mr. Bolus is cited that S. coriifolium is one of the commonest species 
in the Cape Peninsula, and that the insatiable flower gatherers of Cape 
Town carry off from the Cape Flats in spring large bunches of the 
flowers.—t. 7289. 


BULLETINO DELLA R. SOCIETA TOSCANO DI ORTICULTURA. 


CYCNOCHES PENTADACTYLON (from Fournal of Horticulture) —February, 
Pp. 44, t. 2, 

L&LIO-caTrLeyA RIpOLFIANA. A hybrid from Lelia purpurata 
Aurorea 2 and Cattleya Mossiz picta %, and thus practically a variety of 
L. x Canhamiana.—March, p. 72, t. 3. 


THE GARDEN. 


CycnocuEs Warscewiczil, Rchb. f. A reduced sketch of the plant 
Which produced flowers of both sexes with Mr. W. Bull, F.L.S., some 
years ago.—March 18th, p. 217. 

DENDROBIUM PHALZNopPSIS, Fitzg., var. SCHROEDERIANUM. A plate 
showing the ordinary form and a light variety, from Messrs. F. Sander 
and Co.’s establishment.—March 25th, p. 236, t. 902. 

CypRIPEDIUM CHAMBERLAINIANUM, O’Brien, and var. EXCELLENS. 
The Variety has a paler dorsal sepal and deeper brown markings.— 
April 15th, p, 304, t. go5. 


3 GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE. : 
C@LocyNe SanpeRw, Krinzl. (vide infra, Reichenbachia)—March 25th, 
Pp. 360, 361, fig. 52. : 
“ LIA X VITELLINA, O'Brien. A hybrid raised in the collection of 
~*t0n Sir Henry Schroder, possibly from L. harpophylla and L. Perrinii.— 


March 25th, p. 365, fig. 53. 


154 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


CALYPSO BOREALIS, Salisb. A pretty little terrestrial Orchid, widely 
diffused in the northern hemisphere. — It recently flowered with H. J. 
Elwes, Esq., of Colesborne, Gloucestershire.—April 8th, p. 421, fig, 
61. ak 


- JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE. 


TRICHOGLOTTIS COCHLEARIS, Rchb. f.. A curious little species from 
Sumatra, introduced some years ago by Messrs. Veitch.—March 23rd, p. 
233, fig. 47. . , 

CIRRHOPETALUM PICTURATUM, Lodd. A Burmese species, re-introduced 
by Messrs. Hugh Low and Co.—March 30th, p. 253, fig. 50, ~ 

ODONTOGLossuM xX RUCKERIANUM, Rchb. f. var. SPLENDENS. 4 
handsome variety in the collection of Sir Trevor Lawrence, Bart.—April 
6th, p. 269, fig. 53. . 

AERIDES VANDARUM, Rchb. f.—April 13th, p. 293, fig. 56. 

C@LOGYNE SANDER#, Krinzl. (vide infra, Reichenbachia).—April 20th, 
P- 313, fig. 59. 


LINDENIA. 


BATEMANNIA CoLveyi, Lindl. <A monotypic genus named in honout 
of James Bateman, Esq., of Knypersley, an ardent collector and successtul 
cultivator of Orchids. It is a native of Guiana, and was named after 
Mr. Colley, Mr. Bateman’s collector. Other so-called Batemannias havé 
been erroneously referred to the genus.—t. 365. ae 

PHALZNOPSIS LUEDDEMANNIANA, Rchb. f. A well-known Philippiné 
species.—t. 366. ; 

L&LIO-CATTLEYA X AM@NA, Bleu, var. DELICATA, Bleu. A roa 
raised by M. Alfred Bleu, of Paris, from Cattleya Loddigesii ¢ and Le 
Perrinii J.—t. 367. ae =i 

LYCASTE MACROBULBON, Lindl., var. YouNct, Rolfe. A variety bat 
very rare yellow-flowered Lycaste, which has been almost or quité 
sight of for many years.—t. 368. 


ORCHIDOPHILE. sta 
CYPRIPEDIUM x CHARLES GoupborNn. A hybrid between ©. tee i 
Sianum and C, insigne Chantini, from the collection of M. Jo 
Luxembourg.— November, 1892, p. 337, fig. I. 
CYPRIPEDIUM x JoskpHINE JoLIBoIs. Derived from th 


hbey 
pod as the ‘Preceding, but the leaf is green, not tessellated So 
2. 7 


e same seed 
fig: 
. nceanu® 
CYPRIPEDIUM x- MADAME Barsey. A hybrid between Ci All af 
and C. tonsum, from the same collection as the two prece 
represented on the same plate.—I.c., fig. 3. 


THE ORCHID. REVIEW. 155 


CATTLEYA AMETHYSTOGLOSSA, Lind: and Rchb. f.—December, p. 


SACCALABIUM CELESTE, Rchb. f.—January, 1893, p. 17. 


REICHENBACHIA. 


The second part of Volume II. of the second series’ contains :— 

CymBipIuM LowIANuM, Kchb. f.—p. 11, t. 53. 

ONCIDIUM.LOXENSE, Lindl. A remarkable and handsome species which 
inhabits the moisture-laden woods of the Andes of Ecuador, in the 
temperate region, at 6,000-9,000 feet elevation. The inflorescence is 
sometimes seven feet long, the flowers not numerous, with green and 
brown sepals and petals and a large orange lip. It was introduced 
to cultivation by Messrs. F. Sander and Co., of St. Albans.—p. 13, 
t. 54, 

CattLeya x HarpyaAna, Williams. A well-known natural hybrid 
between C. Warscewiczii and C. Dowiana aurea.—p. I5, t. 55- 

Ca@LoGyNE SANDER, Krinzl. A handsome species from Upper Burma 
allied to C. barbata and C. elata, of the section Prolifere. The flowers 
are white, with the disc of the lip orange and the keels fringed with long 
brown hairs. It is dedicated to Mrs. Sander.—p. 17, t- 56. 


ORCHIDS AT GHENT. 


TRE Ghent Quinquennial Exhibition, held from April 16th to 23rd, we are 
pleased to record, was a great success. The Orchids, which were arranged 
n the great hall, formed one of the foremost features of the show, and the 
Principal groups were exceedingly good. We may point out some of the 
Principal features, though space cannot be afforded for anything like ‘a com- 
plete report, 
The Gold Medal. given by his Majesty the King of the Belgians for the 
best collection of one hundred exotic Orchids was won by M. Jules Hye- 
y — of Coupure, Ghent, with a superb group, containing many very fine 
~Pecimens, The second prize Gold Medal fell to M. G. Warocque, of 
oo who Staged a magnificent collection, second only in point of 
oo one which gained the coveted trophy. 
offer » Alfred Van Imschoot, of Mont-St.-Amand, secured the Gold Medal 
rs = for the largest number of distinct species of Orchids. It was a most 
— group, containing over two hundred and twenty species. — 
of t Prize for seventy-five exotic Orchids went to M. Charles + careers 
| Loochristy, who staged a brilliant group; and for the best thirty to M. 


156 THE ORCHID REVIEW: 


Pauwels, of Antwerp. For fifteen exotic Orchids, M. de Smet Duvivier, 
and, among the amateurs, Dr. Capart, of Brussels, secured the prizes. 

M. Edward Pynaert van Geert, of. Ghent, carried off the Gold Medal for 
forty Cypripediums and Selenipediums, with a very fine group; the second 
prize going to M. J. Moens, of Lede. For the best twenty of the same M, 
Pauwels was first. 

For the best six hybrid Cypripediums, the first prize was won by Messrs, 
Vervaet & Co., of Mont-St.-Amand ; who also secured the prize for the best 
hybrid Cypripedium not yet in commerce, with C. x Huybrechtianum. 
Messrs. Pitcher and Manda, of Swanley, Kent, obtained the second prize in 
both classes, in the latter with one called C. x Greyanum. be 

For ten Cattleyas and Leelias, M. de Vincke-Dujardin was first ; also for 
six Vandas. For thirty Odontoglossums, M. Charles Vuylsteke carried of 
the -honours; for twelve Dendrobiums, M. Alfred Van Imschoot; ani 
for fifteen Odontoglossums, M. G. Warocqué among the amateurs, and 
M. A. Peeters among nurserymen, secured the awards. For the best sit 
Odontoglossum crispum; Messrs. Vervaet & Co. were first, with 4 
splendid group. 

In the classes for single specimens, M. G. Warocqué had the best Catt: 
leya, C. Mendeli ; M. de Vincke-Dujardin, the best Dendrobium and Lycastt 


a grand D. nobile, and Lycaste Skinneri alba, with nine flowers. M. R. 4588 | 
nier, of Lille, carried off the first prize in each of the following four class 


the best Vanda (V. gigantea) ; Cypripedium (C. x Lemoinieri) ; aa 
giossum other than O. crispum (O. Edwardii) ; and the best Oncidium. on 
Van Imschoot obtained the prize for the best Cymbidium, with a me 


. for 
anum, and also secured the Medal for a single exotic Orchid remarkable 


good culture and profuse flowering, with a beautiful specimen of te 
africana with sixteen spikes. M. de Smet Duvivier obtained the Med 
the best Odontoglossum crispum, with a superb specimen. Messrs. a 
& Co. obtained the first prize for an Orchid of recent introduction ° 
commerce, with the clear yellow O. Masereelianum. The Silver Sia 
the best new hybrid Orchid was obtained by Messrs. Heath — 
Cheltenham, with their charming Odontoglossum X excellens 
ianum. a 

For a collection of terrestrial Orchids there was a single ~— 
‘C. G. van Tubergen, jun., of Haarlem, who staged a varied and P 


group. as the noble 


Probably the most remarkable exhibit in the whole show bis 
and beautiful white Eulophiella Elisabeth (a new genus of = 
described in the Lindenia by Mr. Rolfe), staged by Messrs. Linden, 
culture Internationale, Brussels. ewe 

We have necessarily been obliged to omit many exhibits 2 
and most of the details. A few classes were not represented, a0" 


ds, recent! 


Medal for 


ibitor, Me 


L Hor 


bs 


Vervatt 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 157 


’ 

| only poorly so, but in the majority of cases the exhibits were very fine; and 

_ the Odontoglossums exceptionally so. Altogether the show was a great 
success. 

| 


ORCHIDS AT THE ROYAL HORTICULTURAL 
SOCIETY. 


By JOHN WEATHERS. 


THERE was a fine display of Orchids at the Drill Hall, James Street, Vic- 
toria Street, Westminster, on March 28th, when a great many plants were 
submitted to the Orchid Committee. 

From the collection of the President, Sir Trevor Lawrence, Bart., Bur- 
ford, Dorking (gr. Mr. W. H. White), came the small yellow-flowered 
Angrecum odoratissimum, which received a Botanical Certificate, and the 
brilliant Cochlioda Noezliana, which received an Award of Merit. Besides 
these were Dendrobium x Venus (D. nobile 2 x D. Falconeri 2), D. x 
micans (D. Wardianum 2 x D. lituiflorum 2); the white D. superbum 
Burkei, the deep purple D. s. anosmum, and D. cretaceum. 

Norman C, Cookson, Esq., F.R.H.S., Oakwood, Wylam-on-Tyne (gr. Mr. 
Murray), exhibited Dendrobium x Sibyl (D. bigibbum 2 x Linawianum 4) 
Which had large deep purple sepals and petals, white at the base, the parple- 
tipped lip having a white zone round a yellow throat, on each side of which 
= an orange eye. The plant, which seemed to bear little trace of D. 
bigibbum, received an Award of Merit. D. x Bryan (D. luteolum 2 x°D. 
Wardianum $) is a fine hybrid, worthy of the First-class Certificate awarded 
a There were ten. large creamy flowers, the lips of which were striped 
with brown at the sides. 

Earl Cowper, Panshanger, Herts (gr. Mr: I. Fitt), sent blooms of Vanda 
Suavis, FOU. 

os Silver Banksian medal was awarded Philip Crowley, Esq., F.L.S., 

Waddon House, Croydon (gr. Mr. King), for a group of well-grown Ada 
aurantiaca, Cypripedium villosum, Cattleya Lawrenceana, Sophronitis 
Standiflora, &c, : 
: H, J. Elwes, Esq., F.R.H.S., Colesborne, Andoversford, sent an interest- 
ng basket of hardy Orchids, among which were the dark velvety Ophrys 
‘peculum, the creamy Orchis tridentata, Brownleea cceurlea, and the purple 
Calypso borealis, which latter received a Botanical Certificate. 

A plant of Dendrobium Devonianum full of bloom came from Thomas 
Gabriel, Esq., F.R.H.S., Elmstead, Leigham Court Road, Streatham (gr. 
Mr, H. Guyatt): ae goed 
a “J. Ingram, Esq.; F:R.H.S; Elmstead House, Godalming (gr. Mr. 
ond), exhibited Cypripedium x compactum (C. Sedeni candidulum ¢ x C- 


158 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


ealurum 2) with a deep crimson lip, and C. x T. W. Bond (C. x Swani- 


anum & x C, hirsutissimum %), a monster hybrid which received an Award 
of Merit. It somewhat resembles a large C. Curtisii, but with heavily 
spotted petals, the tips of which have the characteristic colouring of (, 
hirsutissimum. 

W.R. Lee, Esq., Beech Lawn, Audenshaw, Manchester, showed a fine 
plant of the chaste white Dendrobium Wardianum album, which was 
awarded a First-class Certificate. 

Gustav R. le Doux, Esq., F.R.H.S., Langton House, E. Molesey (gr. 
Mr, Bowyer), sent a fine form of Odontoglossum Andersonianum, 0, 
triumphans, Cypripedium barbatum majus, and Cattleya intermedia Faus 
tiana, the sepals and petals of which bore faint interrupted lines of purple on 
a creamy ground, the side lobes of the deep crimson-purple lip being pute 
white, 

F. W. Moore, Esq., F.R.H.S., sent a spike of the new orange Physos: 
phon Moorei. 

From Baron Sir Henry Schréder’s garden, The Dell, Staines (gr. Ms 
Ballantine), came a strong specimen of Lelia x vitellina in bloom, Odonto- 
glossum luteopurpureum Amesianum with a fine spike of clear soft yellow 
flowers, and O. Pescatorei Schroederianum with white flowers blotched with 
purple. 
H. Shaw, Esq., Stamford House, Ashton-under-Lyne (gr. Mr. Cliffe) 
sent blooms of a fine Dendrobium Wardianum. 

Thos. Statter, Esq., F.R.H.S., Stand Hall, Whitefield, Manchester (5 
Mr, Johnson), exhibited a fine Dendrobium x splendidissimum Statter! 
anum ; D, nobile Storeri, with white purple tipped segments, and a aH 
ip having a deep crimson eye; D. heterocarpum, and the Annamese Cyp 
pedium Exul. 

From J. W. Temple, Esq., F.R.H.S., Leyswood, Groombridge, T 
Wells (gr. Mr. Bristowe), came the pretty Lycaste plana Temple, “dium 
clear crimson blotches on the petals and lip; also flowers of Cymbid! 
eburneum, and Cypripedium hirsutissimum. uill, ¥ 

‘Walter C. Walker, Esgq., F.R.H.S., Percy Lodge, Winchmore * eae 
(gr. Mr. Cragg), exhibited Odontoglossum Andersonianum and Cypr!P 
Boxallii. on Path 
and 


unbridgé 
having 


Reginald Young, Esq., F.R.H.S., Fringilla, Linnet Lane, Seft 
Liverpool, sent some very fine blooms of Odontoglossums, Cae 
Cypripediums, _ Commenda 

Messrs, Heath and Sons, Cheltenham, obtained a Cultural ee 
tion for a strong plant of Odontoglossum x excellens, bearing ic with 
large white blooms, which were tipped with light yellow and / to havé 
ted. The plant was exhibited as O. x Tresederiana and was ca 
been raised from O, Pescatorei Veitchii 2 x O. triumphans é. 


Tc 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 159 


Epidendrum. varicosum came from Messrs. F. Horsman and Co,, 
Colchester. a 

Messts. W. L. Lewis and Co., Chase Side, Southgate, N., contributed a 
charming group in which were Cypripedium x polystigmaticum, Oncidium 
Sarcodes, O. lamelligerumi, Gongora maculata, Ada aurantiaca, and several 
Odontoglots, chiefly noticeable being O. Pescatorei Lewisii with a cuneate 
purple blotched lip. : 

Messrs. Pitcher and Manda, Hextable, Swanley, received an Award of 
Merit for Cattleya Lueddemanniana, Manda’s var., the flowers of which 
were very large, well shaped, and with a deep crimson orbicular lip. Cypri- 
pedium x macropterum (C. Lowii 2? x C. superbiens g), C. x Greyanum 
(C, ciliolare 9 x C, Druryi f); C. x orphanum (C. Druryi ? x C. Argus a), 
and several C. caudatum, &c., were in the group. 

The splendid collection from Messrs. F. Sander and Co., St. Albans, re- 
ceived the award of a Silver Flora medal. Chiefly noticeable were plants of 
the lilac Odontoglossum Cervantesii Morada, O. Pescatorei “ Model,” O. 
Reichenheimii, Cattleya Schroeder, C. dolosa, C. Lawrenceana, Oncidium 
ampliatrum with large golden trusses, O. fuscatum, Spathoglottis aurea, 
Dendrobium Brymerianum, and D. Dalhousieanum. A fine Restrepia 
antennifera, Cypripedium x Burberryanum (C. Boxallii 2 x C. x plune- 
rum 4), a trilabiate form of C. Chamberlainianum, and Laelia crispilabia 
with purple flowers, shown under the garden name of L. Lawrenceana. 

Messrs. J. Veitch and Sons, Chelsea, exhibited Cypripedium x micro- 
chilum (C. niveum 9 x C. Druryi 2), which received an Award of Merit, 
and three plants of Dendrobium x Alcippe (D. lituiflorum Freemannii $ X 
D. Wardianum ¢) covered With purple flowers, the base of the segments 
being white, . 6 

At the meeting held on April 11th, there was also a good display of 
Orchids, though the amateur exhibitors were less numerous than usual, 

The Right Hon, J. Chamberlain, M.P., Highbury, Moor Green, 
Birmingham (gr. Mr. H. A. Burberry), sent flowers of the very interesting 
natural hybrid Cattleya x guatemalensis var. Wischhuseniana, now called 
Epicattleya (see p. 134), which received an Award of Merit ; also flowers of 
Cattleya Schreederze and Dendrobium x Nestor. 

De B. Crawshay, Esq., Rosefield, Sevenoaks (gr. Mr. S. Cooke), showed 
the rare Odontoglossum tentaculatum, and a good form of O. x Ander- 
a (called O. hybrid Crawshay’s var.), which received an Award of 

crit, 


The Rev. E, Handley, Royal Crescent, Bath (gr. Mr. Kerslake), sent 
4 spike of a good form of Odontoglossum X Andersonianum, and Cattleya 
Lawrenceana ornata, a richly-coloured form with purple tips to the petals. 

His Grace the Duke of Northumberland, Syon House, Brentford 
(gr. mr. C. Wythes), exhibited three fine plants of the handsome 


160 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


Cyrtopodium punctatum,-to which an Award of Merit was ab 
fine plant of Miltonia flavescens, with nine spikes. 
Messrs. Charlesworth, Shuttleworth, and Co., Heaton, Bradford, s 
a light-coloured and somewhat peculiar form of Cattleya Warscewiczii. 
Messrs. W. L. Lewis and Co., Chase Side, Southgate, N., staged ! 
effective group, to which-a Silver. Banksian Medal was awarded, It 
contained several good forms of Cattleya Mendeli, a fine Odontoglossum 
polyxanthum, O. Hallii, Sophronitis grandiflora, Ada aura 
several other Orchids, including some Cypripediums. 
Messrs. Hugh Low and Co., Clapton Nursery, also recess a Silver 
Banksian Medal for a fine group, which included Phalznopsis grandiflor 7 
and P. Lueddemanniana, Dendrobium. superbum and _ others, 
Odontoglossums, Cypripedium nivem, C. bellatulum, C. tonsum, ete. | 
Messrs. J. and R. Pearson, Chilwell, Notts, sent a spike of a fine wh 
form of Odontoglossum Pescatorei. ‘ 
Messrs. Pitcher and Manda, Hextable, Swanley, Kent, sent 
handsome Selenipedium -x grande atratum. : 
Messrs. F'. Sander and Co., St. Albans, exhibited several fine forms a 
Cattleya Schroedere, Odontoglossum Kranzlinii, a dark spotted form ot 
O. x elegans called selwoodensis, Vanda teres, and Dendrobium densiflo 
var. Schroederi. 7 
Messrs. James Veitch and Sons, Chelsea, how cont “hybrids 
follows :—Dendrobium x Niobe (see p- 146) to which an Award of 4 
was given, Cy pripedium x Melanthus (see p. 147), Selenipedium X Clym 
(S. caricinum 2 x S. caudatum Wallisii a), a variety of S. Xx Dosis 
with the pale colour of the pollen parent. - 
Messrs. B. S. Williams and Son, Upper Holloway, staged am fi 
group, which in¢luded good examples of Cypripedium X Morganiz 
many other Orchids. A Silver Flora Medal was awarded. 


a 


REPLIES TO CORRESPONDENTS. 
(An addressed Post Card will ensure a reply by post. ) 


‘H. J. R., Florence.—1, Lelio-cattleya Schilleriana (not L. elegans). et 
of this variable plant. 2. Apparently Sobralia macrantha with <7 small 
agrees in other respects. 

W. H. C., Grimsby. Many Ghanks for photograph. We will reply shortly: 

D. W., Glasgow.—Note unay oidably postponed till next month. 

H. A. B., Birmingham. —Many thanks. 

- A. and McA. , Glasgow. 


pe —Odontoglossum x Wilckeanum elegans. 
be 


Miltechesiae: aaa operas x Andersonianum. 


ORCHIDS 
A SPECIALITY. 


Messrs. 


Charlesworth, 
Muttleworth & Co. 


Heaton, BRADFORD, 


Have 
¢ a large and fine stock of established 


and imported ORcHIDs. 


INSPECTION INVITED. 
CHOICK ORCHIDS. 


MANY THOUSANDS OF 


GOOD PLANTS 


TO SELECT FROM. 


WILLIAM BULL, F.L. s. 


Mary 
H* ‘aces mons s conmaees no of ORCHIDS and they are 
terest in Ore mos rt sig ight; e taking an in- 


ORCHIDS 1 itp 
BO ea, ch. m good i ants ¢ can oe  sapplied at 5/- 
ndi 


, 7/6, and 


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THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


Vo. 1] JUNE, 1893. . [No. 6. 


NOTES. 


Tue Great Annual Flower Show of the Royal Horticultural Society, held on 
May 25th and 26th at the Temple Gardens, was favoured by brilliant weather, 
nd was a great success. The Orchids, as usual, formed one of the leading 
features, and a magnificent collection was brought together. It was feared 
that, owing to the long spell of hot, dry weather we have experienced, many 
of them would be past their best, which was happily not the case. A report 
ppears on another page. Owing to the event occurring so near the end of 
he month we are obliged to go to press a little later than usual. 


: The Manchester Show, to which we alluded last month (p. 130), was also - 
Williant success, and the display of Orchids at the Old Trafford Gardens 


chester, and its able secretary, Mr. Bruce Findlay, may certainly be con- 
§tatulated on their success. 


The February and March numbers of the Kew Bulletin, issued asa double 
Number early in May, contains another decade of new Orchids, of which 
Particulars are given on a later page. 


: The Royal Horticultural Society will hold two meetings during June, at 
_ the Drill Hall, James Street, Victoria Street, Westminster, on the 6th and 
ena; eestively, when the Orchid Committee will meet at 12 o’clock, 


On the former occasion a Silver-gilt Flora Medal is offered for the best 
g Orchid not exhibited previous to January rst, 1893. The Esau 
on is open, and should be an interesting one. 

II 


162 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


The specimen of Ccelogyne Dayana exhibited by Baron Sir Henry 
Schréder, at the Temple Show, is probably the finest ever seen in Europe. 
On the present occasion it bore twenty-two spikes and over eight hundred 
flowers. The long pendulous spikes, each bearing nearly forty flowers, 
hung down all round the plant, and formed the most beautiful picture 
imaginable. It received the unusual award of a Silver Floral Medal and 
a First-class Certificate. Mr. Ballantine must be congratulated on his 
success with this plant. 


This was not the only magnificent specimen in the collection. The 
plant of Cattleya Skinneri was also of remarkable size, and carried sixteen 
trusses of flowers, and there were several other very fine plants exhibited in 
the same collection. 


Examples of good culture were everywhere apparent, and in several 
collections we observed large specimens in the most robust health, and 
perfectly wreathed with flowers, all of which shows the perfection to which 
modern Orchid culture has been brought. 


There remain, however, a number of difficult subjects which no one 
yet seems to have succeeded in keeping in health for long together. Some 
of the species which are now successfully cultivated in various collections 
were formerly considered just as unmanageable, and a correspondent suggests 
that notes on these intractable species would be exceedingly acceptable. 
We hope that any of our readers who have succeeded with any of these 
difficult subjects will send us a note on the mode of treatment employed. 


In some cases it may result from a difficulty in imitating the essential 
conditions under which they grow naturally, but we strongly suspect that it 
is quite as often due to ignorance of what to imitate. The success hitherto 
attained should only stimulate us to increased efforts for the future, and we 
are pleased to find a healthy appetite for more information on the subject, 
which we hope to be able to supply. 


CYCNOCHES PENTADACTYLON. 


It is interesting to record that this remarkable plant, which we figured 
at P- 73 of our March issue, has now produced a female flower. It was 
again exhibited by W. W. Mann, Esq., of Ravenswood, Bexley, at a meet- 
ing of the Royal Horticultural Society, on April 11th, with a raceme of 
—— flowers and one female. The latter was larger and far more fleshy 
= the males, light green with some brown blotches, the column short 
and stout, with the usual wings of this sex, and the lip large, ovate, and 
very fleshy, instead of being reduced to five small teeth. This orga? a 
remarkably diverse in the two Sexes. 


THE ORCHID REVIEW.. 163 


NOTES ON ORCHIDS IN THE JUNGLE. 
By Major-GENERAL E. S. BERKELEY. 
(Continued from page 112.) 


IN noticing the differences in the habit, shape, or forms of the same species 
caused by their surroundings, or by being separated by long distances from 
each other, I have not generally thought it necessary to give their varietal 
names, as such names are often applicable to individual plants only. — It is 
more desirable to make the variety apparent by some peculiarity connected 
with it. 

A striking instance of these peculiarities may be mentioned in the case 
of the well-known Aérides multiflorum (sometimes called A. affine). The 
first form, probably the type, is found in great quantities at Dehra-Dun, 
below Mussourie. This was probably the first variety to come home. I 
Scarcely ever see it now, except in very old collections. It grows far away 
from the hunting grounds of the professional collector, which will probably 
account for its not coming home of recent years. I collected it myself in 
1874. 

This plant is extra-tropical, growing in latitude 30° N., and of all the 
forms of this plant it is the easiest to grow, and the most lasting. It is 
very easily distinguished from all the other varieties; not only by the great 


length and leathery character of its leaves, but by their extremely ruddy 


colour. As might be expected from the dark colour of the foliage, the 
flowers are darker in colour than any other form. It is found in the lovely 
valley of the “ Din,” where there is a considerable amount of frost during 
the winter months. This, I think, accounts for the plant having acquired 
Such a very thick and tough foliage. Its tropical allies would be quite 
unable to withstand the frost, as the foliage of all the tropical varieties Is 
comparatively soft. In the same district grows the extremely rare Vanda 
cristata, and the rocky precipices rising out of the valley are covered with 
acres of Ccelogyne cristata, which will give English growers a very good 
idea of the sort of temperature this plant likes to grow in. I think it highly 
Probable that Aérides multiflorum also grows in quantity on the rocks with 
the Ccelogyne, but this I could not verify, as the precipices were far too 
Steep to climb, and had not the Ccelogyne cristata been a mass of bloom, 
I could not have told what it was growing on the rocks in such abundance. 

_ Although Aérides multiflorum is found throughout the whole of. the 
lower ranges of the Himalayas, and in Assam, we do.not come to the second 


distinct type until we come. to the hill country lying between Assam and 


-Kuladan River, grows what, in my opinion, is th 


Burmah. In the valleys of the Lushai Hills, near the source of the 
e most lovely and distinct 


of all the varieties. The plant is erect and compact in habit, with bright 


164 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


green short leaves, and bears enormous branching spikes of flowers. This 
plant is very rare in cultivation, in consequence of collectors not often going 
into that part of the country. I recently saw a plant of this in Sir Trevor 
Lawrence’s collection, the only one I have seen for some time in England. 

A distance of nearly 700 miles separates this variety from the beautiful 
form so well known in our English Orchid collections, Aérides multiflorum 
var. Lobbii (sometimes called A. Lobbii). This is found in perfection from 
Moulmein to Mergui, and is a very distinct variety. The plant is of nice 
habit, with broader leaves than any of the other forms; the foliage is 
frequently, though not always, covered with brownish spots; and the flowers 
are very beautiful, and with large plants very difficult to beat. This plant, 
however, grows so much farther South than any of the other varieties that 
it necessarily rejoices in a much higher temperature, and a temperature 
which would suit the hill varieties would starve this plant. 

There is one more distinct variety which requires notice, in additior. to 
the fine ones above described. This is the form common to most of the 
small islands in the Bay of Bengal: In all the numerous islands I visited I 
found this plant in the greatest abundance, in huge masses hanging down 
from the trees overhanging the sea; these islands being wooded, as a rule, 
down to the water’s edge. This variety is of drooping habit, not erect, the 
leaves are very small, and the flowers miserable, not even equal to those of 
Aérides maculosum of Bombay. Any one collecting this plant out of flower, 
and imagining he had got a good thing, would be very disappointed when 
he discovered what a worthless variety this is. 

Why the island form of this Orchid is so small is a mystery. In no 
place is Aérides multiflorum more abundant than in these islands, and the 
temperature and rainfall are much the same as in the mainland in the 
Same latitude, and yet one good plant of the variety Lobbii is worth a cart- 
load of the island form. : 

An exception should however be made in the case of those islands lying 
close to the mainland in Burma, in these the fine variety Lobbii is found, 
not the small variety. 

(To be continued.) 


ORCHIS PURPUREA, Huds. 


This pretty little British Orchid, frequently known under its later name 
. - a, Jacq., is now only known to grow in the county of Kent, so far 
as Britain is concerned. Three racemes have reached us for determination 
from Miss Ramsbottom, of Waterloo Crescent, Dover, and were gathered 
by the side of a wood in the neighbourhood of that place. It is a pretty 
little species, with dusky sepals and petals, and a four-lobed, pink lip 
Spotted with purple; or occasionally this organ may have a nearly white 


Oe 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 165 


ground, as in one of the forms sent. When drying the species smells almost 
like new-mown hay. It is only found on chalk or limestone soils, and 
refuses to grow elsewhere. It was formerly reported from Berkshire, Surrey, 
Sussex, Middlesex, and even from. Lincolnshire. The latter is probably an 
error, but there are good reasons for believing that years ago it grew in 
chalky soils much nearer to London than now, for we have seen authentic 
specimens from Box. Hill, Surrey, gathered in 1842, and from Berkshire 
early in the present century. On the continent it is widely diffused, from 
France to Italy, Greece and Asia. Minor, and northwards to Central Russia 
and Denmark, being common in various localities on chalk or limestone 
soil. It is sometimes confused with O. militaris, L., but is readily separated 
by the dusky sepals and petals, and the much broader front lobes of the lip: ' 


CYCNOCHES LODDIGESII. 


For a very long period this remarkable species, the original one of the 
genus; has been excessively rare in gardens, if not actually lost to cultiva- 
tion ; it is therefore an interesting matter to be able to record that during 
last month a plant at-Kew produced a four-flowered-raceme. The flowers, 
however, were not nearly equal in size and colour to those cultivated half a 
century ago; possibly because the plant is weak and not fully established— 
indeed, strong plants produce as many as six'to eleven’ flowers, and possibly 
more. The genus was described by Dr. Lindley in 1832, from a single 
flower communicated by Messrs. Loddiges, of Hackney, the name being 
given in allusion to the column of_the flower, which is long and gracefully 
curved, like the neck of aswan. It is a native of the woods of Surinam, 
and was sent in 1830 by Mr. J. H. Lance to Messrs. Loddiges, with whom 
_ it flowered in May, 1832, and again during the winter. The flowers are as 
large as those of C. chlorochilon, thé sepals and petals olive-green, more or 
less barred with brown, and the lip whitish with numerous reddish-brown 
Spots. - They exhale a powerful V anilla-like perfume in the morning, soon 
after the flowers expand. - Other plants were afterwards sent by Mr. Lance 
to the Horticultural Society, where they flowered, as well as in some der 
eons. 

It had not been in cultivation long before a remarkable freak was 
cea, as. will be seen by the following note by Dr. Lindley = “In 
August, -1836, -Mr. Willmer, of Oldfield, near Birmingham, sent me a 
Specimen of a Cycnoches, which had broad petals, a- -short column, hooded 
and dilated at the apex, and a broad roundish lip, gibbous at the base, and 
With its stalk much shorter than the column. It was, however, destitute 
of scent, while Cycnoches Loddigesii has, as is well-known, a delicious 
_ odour of Vanilla. -I had no doubt-of its being a distinet species, and called 


166 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


it C. cucullata. But in the autumn of 1836, in the garden of the Horti- 
cultural Society, a plant of Cycnoches produced from the opposite sides of 
the same stem two racemes; those of one raceme were the well-known 
fragrant flowers of Cycnoches Loddigesii, and of the other the scentless 
flowers of the new C. cucullata.” 

Until quite recently the cause of this peculiarity remained a, mystery, 
as we recently pointed out when speaking of C. pentadactylon, at p. 74, 
where some amusing remarks made by Lindley were cited. In the present 
instance C. cucullatum simply represents the female flower of the species, 
and it is interesting to note the difference in structure. The column, instead 
of being over two inches long, and very slender, as in the male flower, is 
less than an inch, much stouter, and with well-developed wings, but no 
pollinia. Besides being much more fleshy, the flowers are also less 
numerous, only two being borne on each of the two racemes known. 
The column of the male has been aptly compared to the neck of a swan, 
but Sir William Hooker spoke of it as resembling the head of a cobra, the 
swollen and dilated apex below the anther, aided by the colour and mark- 
ings, forming a very good representation of the inflated throat of that 
dreaded reptile. 
_ Now that the species is again in cultivation we may look for a repetition 
of the phenomenon which proved so perplexing to Lindley. 

Cycnoches Loddigesii, indi. Gen. and Sp. Orch., p. 154 ; Lodd, Bot. Cab., xx., t- 2000; 
Lindl. Bot. Reg., t. 1742; Bot. Mag., t. 3855 (var. leucochilum, Hook.), t. 4215; Aa. and 


Westc. Fl. Cab., i., p. 29, t. 15 ; Harting. Parad., p. 22, t. 36 
C. cucullatum, Lindl. Bot. Reg., xxiii., sub. t. 1951*. 


THE HYBRIDIST. 


SELENIPEDIUM X PULCHELLUM. 

A VERY beautiful but equally perplexing hybrid has been raised in the 
collection of W. Vanner, Esq., Camden Wood, Chislehurst, for which the 
above name is proposed. Mr. Vanner states that it is a seedling from 
Selenipedium x grande crossed with the pollen of S. x Sedeni candidulum. 
The seedlings germinated very quickly, and some of them flowered in less 
than two years, which is very remarkable. But stranger than all is the fact 
that they are remarkably like S. x leucorrhodum (see p. 169, fig. 11), not 
withstanding their different parentage. The influence of S. caudatum, 
coming through S. x grande, seems to have been almost lost, though it 
should be represented to the extent of 25 per cent., for Mr. Vanner states 
that there is no mistake in the parentage. Six plants have flowered, none 
of them quite alike. — be 

_. The first is very like S._x leucorrhodum, but has slightly longer 


LTHE ORCHID REVIEW. 167 


petals, a littie darker towards the apex, and the lip a little darker 
with the side lobes rather more spotted. No. 2 has larger and rather 
paler flowers. No. 3 has the petals and lip light rose, but the side 
lobes darker and more spotted. No. 4 has the petals blush white to the 
apex, and the lip pink. No. 5 has pink petals, and the staminode 
beautifully fringed with ‘deep crimson-purple hairs, in which respect it 
differs from all the others. No. 6 is a light form with the tips of the 
petals pink. In all the forms the influence of the pollen parent decidedly 
preponderates, and without record of parentage would probably have been 
taken for varieties of S. x leucorrhodum. They are all exceedingly 
beautiful, and owing to their remarkable character we hope some one will 
repeat the cross and note the results. 


LALIO-CATTLEYA X ASCANIA. 


A distinct and handsome hybrid raised by Mr. Seden, from Cattleya 
Trianze 2 and Leelia xanthina f, with Howers much like those of Cattleya 
labiata in shape, but rather smaller. The sepals are sulphur-yellow in 
colour, the petals very much broader, and white with a tinge of sulphur- 
yellow, and the lip similar in colour, except the front lobe, which is rich 
crimson. This handsome novelty was exhibited at a meeting of the Royal 
Horticultural Society on April 11th last, and deservedly awarded a First- 
class Certificate. 


CATTLEYA X WILLIAM MURRAY. 


This is a brightly-coloured and very charming hybrid raised in the 
collection of Norman C. Cookson, Esq., Oakwood, Wylam-on-Tyne, between 
the two very popular Cattleyas, C. Mendeli and C. Lawrenceana, the former 
being the seed parent. A plant, bearing a single flower, was exhibited “ 
the Temple Show, and received a First-class Certificate. It is fairly inter- 
mediate in shape; the colour of the sepals and petals is light rose pee 
and of the lip very much like that of the pollen parent, with the waa ) 
two yellow blotches in the throat. It is dedicated to Mr. Cookson's able 
Sardener. The two parents are among the most popular and pooner of 
Cattleyas, and the offspring, beautiful as it already is, will probably develop 
‘into a superb thing when the plant becomes stronger. 


_ Puarus xX GRAVESII. 


A hybrid raised from P. Wallichii @ and P. grandifolius 2, and thus, "e 

Inverted cross of P. x hybridus, of which it must be speech eee 

: It flowered, when about three years old, in the colleeon oO Fe aie 

ne Esq., of Orange, New Jersey, U.S.A.-—R. M. Grey; va Gardeners t sagiloarence vy 
“March 25th, p. 357. < 


168 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


NOTICE OF BOOK... 


Les Orchidées. By D. Bois, Assistant de la Chaire de Culture au Muséum 
_ d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris; 8vo, 323 pages, 119 figures. J. B. 
Balliére et fils, 19, Rue Hautefeuille, Paris. 

We have just received a copy of this handy little volume, of the “ Biblio- 
théque des Connaisances Utiles”’ series, containing a selection of the most 
ornamental species of Orchids suitable for cultivation, with references to 
published figures and descriptions, native countries, and a short account of 
their culture. Also a synoptical table of genera, a brief account of their 
structure and geographical distribution, economic uses, etc., with an index. 
Beginners who can read French will find in this work a large amount of 
useful information, chiefly compiled from the larger works. It travels over 
rather a wide field, with the inevitable result that some of the articles are 
yery much condensed, especially those devoted to cultural operations, which 
might well have been amplified at the expense of some of the other matter. 
The genera are arranged systematically, in the order of Bentham and 
Hooker’s Genera Plantarum, and. the species alphabetically. We «would 
avoid looking too critically at a compilation of this kind, though one would 
hardly have expected to see the old error about three sexes of Catasetum 
repeated at the present day, nor yet to find-Mormodes luxatum: enumerated 
as a Catasetum. Nor is it clear why Cymbidium Hookerianum -and C. 
Lowianum are made varieties of C. giganteum, considering that Vanda 
tricolor and V. suavis are kept distinct. Cypripedium neo-guineense and 
Lelia domingensis are wrongly attributed to Lindley, but we are pleased to 
see that Selenipedium is kept distinct from Cypripedium, as it certainly 
should be. Under Odontoglossums crispum, luteopurpureum, and odoratum, 
several synonyms are cited which do not belong there, some being natural 
hybrids, and as the figures cited are enumerated separately from the 
synonyms (as throughout the book) one might turn to every figure cited 
before finding the one Sought for. The figures are very unequal, a few being 
good, but the majority quite the reverse. F igures 5 and go are identical, 
and do not represent. Oncidium Juridum at all, but a species of a totally 
 Gilferent section, probably O. tetrapetalum. The habit of O. Papilio is aust 

unlike that represented at fig, 91, while the inflorescence of Vanilla planifolia 
= hardly approximately correct. English readers will be surprised to learn 
(inter alia) that Cypripedium Morganiz realised 4,250 francs, and Vanda 
Sanderiana 4,500 francs, at Covent Garden Market (‘‘ vendues sur le marché 
nes Covent Garden”’),  In- Several respects the work is capable of D ccad 
siderable improvement, and will doubtless be subject to revision in a future 
became It nevertheless contains much valuable information, and will 
‘prove useful to those to whom the larger works are inaccessible. cs 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 169 
SELENIPEDIUM x LEUCORRHODUM. 


Tuis delicately-coloured and beautiful hybrid was raised by Mr. Seden, in 
the collection of Messrs. James Veitch and Sons, of Chelsea, and flowered 
for the first time in 1885. It was raised from S. Roezlii crossed with the 
pollen of Schlimii albiflorum, and shows the usual combination of the 
characters of its two parents. In its vigorous habit it shows the influence 
of S. Roezlii, also’ in the attenuation of the petals, and the strong suffusion 
of rosy purple near their apex and along the margins, as well as in the shape 
of the staminode, the purple hairs along its basal margin, and in the 
modified shape of the flower generally. But in the sepals and lip, and in 
the general colour of the flower, the pollen parent has exerted a decidedly 


~ 


Fig. 11. SELENIPEDIUM X LEUCORRHODUM. 


Preponderating influence. The general colour is blush white, with a suffusion 
of delicate pink on the upper sepal, and of a deeper shade at the apex and 
Margins of the petals. The lip is light rose-pink, suffused with white, the 
infolded side lobes ivory-white, and the staminode of the latter colour fringed 
with purple hairs at the back. The photograph here reproduced is tes 
a flower kindly sent by Baron Sir Henry Schroder, of es Dell, Egham: 
Selenipedi : . D., p. 148. 
cari ea ane Cl Che ei p70 tk an 
Orth. iv. p. 104, 7 Oe ae, 


7 


wo > THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


HYBRID ODONTOGLOSSUMS. 
(Continued from page 144.) 


ONE other matter deserves careful consideration, namely, whether some 
of these natural hybrids may not be of secondary origin, and even 
of complex parentage. Respecting this point, Messrs. Veitch remark: 
“The agency by which these hybrids and polymorphisms have been 
produced, has been in operation for ages past, and it cannot but have 
happened that a large number of these forms, both of those that are 
known and of those hereafter to be brought to light, are not the immediate 
offspring of two recognised species or more primitive type, but are 
descended from their mixed progeny, further complicated by an occasional 
cross with one or other of themselves.” This point may be left for the 
present, but from a variety of considerations, some of which have already 
been touched upon, I do not think such cases are as common as might at 
first be supposed. 

The importance of a knowledge of the geographical distribution of 
the species of Odontoglossum will at once be apparent in this connection, 
but, unfortunately, information of this kind is not always easy to obtain. 
This point may be left for the present, and it may be that even the 
hybrids themselves may furnish information on the subject. 

We may now proceed to enumerate the natural hybrids which have 
hitherto appeared, commencing with some of the best known ones, and 
atranging each under the joint names of its two parents, in accordance with 
the botanical rule for naming hybrids. In this way various forms having 
the same origin can be kept together—in fact, it is the only natural method 
of arranging them. 

ODONTOGLOSSUM X GLORIOSO-cRISPUM.—The habitat of Odontoglossum 
crispum is on the western spurs of the eastern Cordillera of New Granada, 
from about 345° to 5°50° N., or from about ninety miles north to 
ninety miles south of the city of Bogota, and at an altitude of about 7,500 
to 8,800 feet above sea-level. Here, in certain localities, it is found in 
company with O. gloriosum, O. luteopurpureum, and O. Lindleyanum, and 
it is a remarkable fact that it crosses freely with each of them. With the 
former alone we are at present concerned. 

_ As already pointed out, Odontoglossum x Andersonianum, “jeccelee in 
1868, was the first natural hybrid known. It appeared in the previous 
year, in a batch of O. crispum sent by Blunt to Messrs. Hugh Low and Co-, 
of Clapton, whence it passed into the collection of the late James Dawson, 
Esq., of Meadow Ba ank, near Glasgow, and was named in compliment to. his 
gardener, Mr. James Anderson. Reichenbach described it as one of those 
doubtful Odontoglots so troublesome to the Orchidist, and remarked that at 


: THE ORCHID REVIEW. 171 


first sight it recalled both O. crispum and O. prestans. Afterwards it 
appeared in the collection of J. Day, Esq., of Tottenham, and then in that 
of Sam Mendel, Esq., of Manchester, from an importation made by Messrs. 
James Veitch and Sons, of Chelsea; when Reichenbach again wrote about 
it, as probably a hybrid between O. crispum and O. prestans or gloriosum ; 
adding that Mr. Harry Veitch at once had the idea of its being a hybrid 
between O. crispum and O. gloriosum. The latter is certainly correct, for 
the plant presents the most unmistakable combination of the characters 
of the two species, with which it grows, while O. prestans, being a native 
of Peru, may at once be dismissed as out of the question. Sis, 

Besides being the first hybrid Odontoglossum known, it is also the most 
variable, for a multitude of forms have since appeared which owe.-their descent 
to the intercrossing of the same two species, most of which deviate consider- 
ably from the original type, and many of them have received distinctive names, 
as if derived from a different cross. Distinct they certainly are in a florist’s 
Sense, and some of them, at least, will probably retain their names in 
gardens, though others are barely, if at all, distinguishable, and even the 
Most distinct are connected by intermediate forms. We may now glance 
at these different forms, taking them as. nearly as possible in the order in 
which they appeared. 

0. x Andersonianum, as seen in its original form, has broadish segments 
anda white ground, with cinnamon, somewhat longitudinal spots. Subse- 
“quent arrivals showed variations in shape and breadth of segments, also in 
the number of spots and their depth of colour, and several of them received 
Varietal Names, as angustatum, lobatum, tenue, splendens, etc. 

0. x limbatum appeared in 1870, in the collection of J. Day, Esq., of 
Tottenham, and is characterised by its sepals being suffused with rose- 
Purple, and the petals and lip white, with some red-brown spots round the 
Margin of the latter. A darker form was afterwards called variety 
Violaceum, 

0. x Ruckerianum appeared in 1873, in the collection of S. Rucker, Esq., 
of Wandsworth. The sepals and petals are more or less deeply suffused 
with Purplish rose, and variously spotted with brown. Fine forms have 
Since been called varieties splendens and insigne. 

0. x baphicanthum appeared in 1876, with Messrs. James Veitch and 
Sons, of Chelsea. ‘The flowers are sulphur-yellow, with a few chestnut 
‘Pots, and a suffusion of purple on the sepals and petals. 

— Ox Jenningsianum appeared in 1878, also with Messrs. James Veitch 
© Sons, The flowers aie creamy white, with many small cinnamon 
Spots, which are especially numerous in the petals. The varieties parcl- 
suttatum and limbatum subsequently appeared. ae 
le 0.x hebraicum appeared in 1879, with Mr. William Bull, of Chelsea. 


has pale yellow or sulphur flowers, with brown spots and stripes, some- 


o 


£42 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


what like. Hebrew characters—whence the. name. The inflorescence is 
often branched, as in O. gloriosum. The varieties lineoligerum and 
aspersum subsequently appeared. . 

O. x deltoglossum appeared in 1881, with Messrs. James Veitch. and 
Sons, of Chelsea. The sepals and petals are sulphur, with brown blotches 
and smears, and a lip more deltoid than usual—whence the name. 

O. x Leeanum appeared in 1882, in the collection of W. Lee, Esq,, of 
Downside, Leatherhead. It has a deep yellow ground, densely spotted 
with reddish brown, the lip having a very large red-brown blotch in front of 
the crest. vee : 

O. xX Scottii appeared in 1883, in the collection of G. F. Wilson, Esq., 
Heatherbank, Weybridge Heath, and is characterised by its cream-yellow 
flowers, heavily spotted and barred with light brown. . | 

O. x Brassia appeared in 1885, with Messrs. F. Sander and Co., of St. 
Albans, and is characterised by its élongated and narrow sulphur-coloured 
sepals and petals, with but few spots. - 

_.: Of the other forms -cited at the foot of this article, as derived from the 
samé parentage, O. x Josephine and O, x Schlesingerianum conform most 


_ to the: Andersonianum type; QO. x Bleichroederianum, O. x Fitchianum, 


O. x Measuresianum, O. x Ortgiesianum, O. x Pollettianum, and .0..x 
Warocqueanum, to the Ruckerianum type ; while O. x Edithize approaches 
O. x baphicanthum, having a yellow ground, suffused and spotted like some 
forms of O. x Ruckerianum. SG feast: 
-. Hybrids are notoriously polymorphic, but the wide range of variation 
seen in the series of hybrids derived from O. crispum and O. gloriosum is 
indeed remarkable. The parents are themselves very variable, especially 
the former, but this only partially explains the facts. ~The real explanation 
is that the characters of the parent species are not always equally blended 
in the offspring, and have a tendency to separate themselves, those from 
one parent appearing most strongly in one part, and from the other parent 
in another. Hybrids are generally spoken of as intermediate between ell 
parents, which is so far correct, but. must be understood in the sense just 
mentioned. Sometimes the blending is very partial, as when the characters 
of one parent preponderate in the foliage, and of the other in the flower, and 
generally speaking the term intermediate must be understood in the sense 
that the hybrid presents a combination of characters derived from its two 
parents. It is this unequal fusion of the essential elements of the parent 
species which is the cause of the wide, range of variation seen in S0 cgi 
hybrids, and the more diverse are the parents the greater the possibilities of 
variation’ in the offspring. When a more complete fusion takes place, 
more perfect blending of the parent characters, and less variation, is seen- 

_ In the present hybrid every shade of ground colour is seen between. og 
yellow of O. gloriosum and the white of O. crispum, both with and without 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 173 


the suffusion of the purplish rose which occurs in so many forms of the 
latter. The small and numerous, sometimes line-like spots of O. gloriosum 
are seen in combination with the yellow ground, as in O. x hebraicum, 
with the white ground, as in O. x Jenningsianum, or with the suffused rose 
ground, as in some forms of O. x Ruckerianum. Or in each case they may 
be few and larger, and ranging from chestnut to deep red-brown ; or, occa- 
sionally, they may be almost or quite absent, as in unspotted forms of O. 
crispum. The branched inflorescence ‘of O. gloriosum also appears in O. 
hebraicum. With regard to shape, some forms have broad segments, 
approaching those of O. crispum, and others very narrow, asin O. gloriosum ; 
or the increased size of O. crispum may be devoted entirely to lengthening 
the segments, as in O. x Brassia, a form with very long, narrow segments, 
not matched among varieties of either parent. This form, originally almost 
unspotted, has now appeared with the dense spotting of O. x hebraicum, 
and the others are all connected by various intermediates, so that it is 
almost impossible to say where Andersonianum passes into Jenningsianum 
on the one hand, and into Ruckerianum on ‘the other, and this again into 
baphicanthum, which in its turn grades into Leeanum and deltoglossum, 
while the shape of lip of the latter co-exists with quite different colours. 
Jenningsianum again passes into hebraicum, and hebraicum into Brassia 
and deltoglossum, and so the cycle is completed in various directions, in the 
innumerable forms now in gardens. 

From the very nature of the case this must be so, when a series of 
hybrids are derived from the same two species, and in the present instance 
it seems to me that the best course would be to consider them all as 
Varieties of O. x Andersonianum. ‘They are not distinct hybrids, nor can 
they properly be placed as varieties of either parent, and the course pro- 
posed is the only alternative. Reichenbach proposed to make them varieties 
of one, under the name of O. x lanceans, but there is no need to coin a new 
Name for the purpose, when the old one answers so much better. 

Our knowledge of these forms has only been acquired by slow degrees, 
and two or three other species have been mentioned as probable parents. 


0. prestans has already been disposed of; O. leucopterum, mentioned by 


Reichenbach under O. x deltoglossum, has no better claim; while O. 
Odoratum, whose aid has been invoked to account for the yellow forms, 
does not grow with O. crispum at all. 0. gloriosum has been considered 
a$ Synonymous with it, but the two are not identical, though nearly allied. 
0. odoratum grows in Venezuela, where no gloriosum occurs, but is not 
found in New Granada, where it is replaced by O. gloriosum. In any case 
0. odoratum proper is not concerned in the parentage of the present hybrid. 

So far as I can ascertain the following is a complete list of the forms 
derived from QO. crispum and O. gloriosum, with references to original 


: descriptions and published figures :-— 


174 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


Odontoglossum X Andersonianum, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron., ae Pp. 599; 1872, p. 41; 
1884, ii. p. 44, fig. 11 ; 1885, il. 680, fig. 150; F7. Mag., n.s., 1872, t. 45 ; Orchid Album, i. 
te 355 Orchidophile, 1885, p. 132, fig. 7 (Andersoni). Gartenflora, Wek e 377, t. 1326. 0. 
crispum var. Andersonianum, Veztch ney a 1. p. 25. O. X lanceans var. Andersonia- 
num, Rchb. f. in Reichenbachia, ser. 1, 

Var. angustatum, Rchb. f. ex Orchidophile, 1889, p. 277, with plate 

Var. lobatum, Rchb. f- in Gard. Chron., 1879, 1. p. 743 1884, ii. pp. “44s 45, fig. 12; 1885, 
ii. pp. 680, 681, fig. 151. 

Var. splendens, Williams in Orchid Album, vii. t. 292. 

- Var. tenue, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron., 1878, i. p. 492. 

O. X baphicanthum, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron., 1876, ii. p. 260 ; O. odoratum var. baphi- 
canthum, Rchb. f. ex Lzndenza, iii. p. 67, t. 128 ; Veitch Man. Orch , 1. p. 55. O. X lanceans 
' var. baphicanthum, Rchb. f. in Reichenbachia, Ser 1, i. p 

QO. X Bleichroederianum, Lind. in Zindenza, iv. P. 69, t. “ee : : 

O. X Brassia, Rchb. f. in Gard. ie on., 1885, i. p. 501. O. X lanceans var. Brassia, 
Rehb. f. in Reichenbachia, ser. 1, i. p.. 

X deltoglossum, Rchb. f. in Card. Chron., 1881, i. p. 202. O. odoratum var. delto- 
slétsin, Veitch Man. Orch., i. p. 56. O. X lanceans var. deltoglossum, Rchb. f. in Reéchen- 
ree a6r.°1,1: Pp. 

‘QO. X Edithiz, Ware. Sel, Orch.; s€r. 3, t. 25. 

. O. X Fitchianum, Warn, Sel. Orch., ser. 3, t 

O. X hebraicum, Rchb. f. in Gard. 5 Sie only p. 462 ; 1881, ii. pp. 172, 173, fig. 36; 
Orchid Album, v., t. 194 ; Reichenbachia, ser. 1, i. bp. 31, ¢. 37. 0: oie ratum var. hebraicum, 

Veitch Man. Ovid. ,i.p. 56. OO. lanceans var. habealeirn, Rchb. f. in Retchendachia, ser. 
¥, 1, pe Sa. 

- Var. aspersum, Rchb. f. ex Reichenbachia, ser. 1, vol. ii. p. 69, t- 

gg lineoligerum, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron., 1883, i. P- 44; Ovekea Album, ii., t. 85. 

X Jenningsianum, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chien; 1878, i. p. 366. . crispum var. Jen- 
‘ii, Veitch Man. Sie p- 26. O. x lanceans var. Jenningsianum, Rchb. f. in 
Reichenbachia, ser. 1, i. p. 8 : 

Var, fitnbatai, Rchb. bi in Gard. Chron., 1882, ii. p. 808. 

Var. parciguttatum, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron., 1883, i. p. IIo. 

O. X Josephine, Williams in Orchid Album, iv. sub. t. 74, also t. 188. 

O. x lanceans, Rchb. f. in Retchenbachia, ser. t, i. pp. 81, 

O. eeanum, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron., 1882 ey pe Orchid Album, iii. t. IOI. 
odoratum var, Leeanum, — sae Orch., i. p. 56: O. X lanceans var. Leeanum, Rchb. 
f.in Reichenbachia, ser. 1, 

: . X limbatum, Rchb. é in Gard. Chron., 1870, p. 417; Rehb. f Xen. Orch., ii. p- 192) t 
183, be 2. ©. crispum var. limbatum, Veztch Man. Orch, i. p. 2 

Var. violaceum, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron., 1878, i. p. 725. 

O. X Measuresianum, O’Brien in-Gard. Cheon. +, 1885, ii. p. 61 

O. X Ortgiesianum, Sander, ex Ortgies, in Gartenflora, xl. p. 617, t 1360. hid 

OX epost O’Brien in Gard. Chron., 1885, ii. pp. 680, 681, ie 152; Orchu 
Album, vi. t. 280, 

0. xX Rackets, ye f.in Gard. Chron., 1873, p. 105, fig. 18 ; 1885, il. P» 204 ig 
42 ; Lindenia,i. p. 87, t. 41. O. crispum var. Ruickerianum, Vettch Man. Orch.,\. P+ 27: O. x 
lanceans, Rchb. f. in Reithenba chia, ser. 1, i. p. 

ar. insigne, O’Brien in Gard. Chron., 1885, ii. p- 748, fig. 167. 

Var. splendens, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron., 1883, ii. p. 8. 

Un x Schlesingerianum, L. Lind. in Lindenia, v. p. 99, t. 240. 

O. X Scottii, Hort., Gard. Chron, , 1883, i. p. 222 

we  Warocqueanum, Lind. in Lindenia, iv. p. 75, t. 180, oho 


(To be continued.) 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 175 


DENDROBIUM x CRASSINODI-WARDIAN UM. 


This handsome Orchid is specially interesting, as the first natural hybrid 
known in the genus. It seems to have been known at least as early as 
1879; for prior to April of that year flowers were sent to Reichenbach by 
Mr. Borwick, of Walthamstow, as a supposed hybrid, though the Hamburg 
botanist states that he was “then as incredulous as St. Thomas.” Then 
it appeared with Messrs. Hugh Low and Co., of Clapton ; Mr. Dorman, of 
Sydenham ; Messrs. Wm. Thomson and Sons, of Clovenfords (from Messrs. 
Low’s importations) ; Messrs. James Veitch and Sons, of Chelsea; and the 
Liverpool Horticultural Company; so that it is now by no means rare. 
And now a plant has appeared in an importation made by Messrs. Austin 
and McAslan, Cathcart Nursery, near Glasgow, in the spring of 1892, and 
has passed into the collection of Hugh Steven, Esq., Westmount, Kelvin- 
side, near Glasgow. A peculiarity of this particular plant is that it retained 
its leaves until the time of flowering, while plants of D. Wardianum sub- 
jected to the same treatment were deciduous, as usual. This may not 
Prove a constant character, as Mr. David Wilson, the gardener, states that 
the plants had a short season of rest, though all were grown together. It 
is an exceedingly beautiful hybrid, and quite intermediate in character. 
The habit is like that of D. Wardianum, with rather thicker nodes, and 
the flowers finer than those of D. crassinode, with the addition of a pair of 
dark brown, eye-like spots on the disc of the lip. When well grown, the 
long stems are perfectly wreathed with flowers. 

Dendrobium x crassinodi-Wardianum, Veitch Man. Orch., iii. p. 32. 

D. X Waltoni, Hort., Zhe Garden, 1885, i. p. 119. 

D. X melanophthalmum, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron., 1886, i. p. 426. 


_ D.crassinode x Wardianum, Hort., Journ. of Hort., 1887, i. pp. 312, 313, fig. 58; Rolfe 
™ Gard, Chron., 1886, i. p- 683. 


NOVELTIES. 


CIRRHOPETALUM RoBUSTUM, Rolfe.—No surprise need be felt at the dis- 
Covery of a Cirrhopetalum in New Guinea, as so many Indian and Malayan 
genera are represented in the flora of that remarkable island. But the 
Present species has also an additional interest, as it is the largest species in 
Cultivation, if not, indeed, the largest yet known. The umbel, bearing 
eleven flowers, measures no less than seven and a half inches across, and 
its peduncle is between three and four lines in thickness. It was brought 
from New Guinea three years ago by Captain Clarke, a nephew of Colonel 


trevor Clarke, of Welton Place, Daventry, and flowered for the first time in 


the collection of the latter in April last. It is a very robust and remarkable 
_§P&cies, as the following description will prove :-— 


176 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 

Rhizome very stout and woody. Pseudobulbs ovate-oblong, compressed, and with two 
acute angles on either face, 2} in. long, 13 in. wide. Leaf linear-oblong, very stout, 5-7 
in. long. Scape very stout, with 11 flowers, and a few undeveloped buds at the apex. 
Umbel somewhat racemose, its axis fin. long. Bracts broadly ovate or ovate-oblong, acute, 
7-9 lin. long, 23-5 lin. broad. Pedicels 1}-1} ins. long. Dorsal sepal oblong, acute, 15-17 
lin. long, 5 lin. broad; lateral ones 23-2} in. long, upper half connate, 7-7} lin. broad. 
Petals oblong, aristate-acuminate, 5 lin. long. Lip very fleshy, recurved, cordate-oblong, 
subobtuse, lightly pubescent at base, 4 lin. long, disc with a pair of parallel keels separated 
by a wide channel. Column very stout, 14 lin. long, with a pair of stout, subacute teeth. 
Sepals greenish-yellow, the lateral ones reddish-purple at the base inside. Petals paler 
with faint suffusion of reddish-purple. Lip deep red-purple. Column dull yellow. There 
are no marginal hairs or appendages on the sepals and petals, as in many other species of 
the genus. 


PuysosIPHoN LINDLEY, Rolfe.—The largest-flowered species known, 
the flowers measuring seven lines in length. It flowered with Mr. F. W. 
Moore, at the Glasnevin Botanic Garden, in April, 1892, and proved 
identical with dried specimens collected by M. J. Linden, near Chiapas, in 
Mexico, as long ago as 1840. The tube of the sepals is light green, and the 
lobes orange-red or brick-red.—Kew Bulletin, p. 61. 


BULBOPHYLLUM RACEMOSUM, Rolfe.—A Bornean species, allied to B. 
anceps, Rolfe (Lindemia, viii. p. 33, t. 351), which is also a native of the 
same country. The present one, however, has far larger flowers, which are . 
honey-coloured, the dorsal sepal and petals spotted with maroon, and the 
lateral sepals minutely spotted on the upper half and striped on the lower 
one with the same colour. The lip is purple, with numerous black dots. 
It flowered in the collection of Sir Trevor Lawrence, Bart., of Burford, 
Dorking, in August, 1892.—Kew Bulletin, p. 61. 


CIRRHOPETALUM BRIENIANUM, Rolfe.—A species introduced from Borneo 
by Messrs. Linden, L’ Horticulture Internationale, Brussels, with whom it 
flowered in March, 18y1; also with Mr. J. O’Brien, of Harrow-on-the Hill, 
in the following October, the plant being derived from the same source. It 
is allied to C. Makoyanum, Rchb. f. (Gard. Chron., 1879, i., p- 234). The 
lateral sepals are light straw-colour, except a small portion near the base, 
which, with the rest of the flower, is dark dull maroon. —Kew Bulletin, 
p- 62. 3 


_ CG@LOGYNE BORNEENsIs, Rolfe.—A Bornean species, introduced by 
Messrs. Linden, L’Horticulture Internationale, Brussels, with whom 1 
flowered in August, 1892. It belongs to the section Flexuos, and is allied 
to C. longifolia, Lindl. The flowers are whitish or light buff, with red- 
brown reticulations on the lip.—Kew Bulletin, p. 62. 


EPIDENDRUM LaucHEaNnuM, Rolfe.—A distinct species of the section 
Spathium, allied to E. grandiflorum,.Lindl., but with much smaller -leaves 
and flowers, which latter are far more. numerous and produced on 4 long, 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 177 


flattened peduncle. The lip is light glaucous green ; the rest of the flower, 
with the peduncles and rachis, light ochreous-brown, or sometimes dull 
purple-brown. It was introduced from Popayan by Messrs. F. Sander and 
Co., of St. Albans, with whom it flowered in November, 1889, and afterwards 
at the Glasnevin Botanic Garden, in September, 1892.—Kew Bulletin, p. 62. 


EPIDENDRUM TRICOLOR, Rolfe.—A graceful little species, imported from 
Venezuela, with Cattleya Mossiz, Hook., by Messrs. Hugh Low and Co., 
Clapton, with whom it flowered in November, 1892. It is allied to E. 
purum, Lindl., but is readily distinguished by its orange-coloured lip. The 
flowers are small and numerous, and smell like cucumbers ; the sepals and 
thread-like petals are light yellow, and the column green.—Kew Builletin, 
p. 63. 


Fig. 12, STANHOPEA LOWII. 


__ Stannopra Lowu, Rolfe—A handsome species, introduced from New 


_ ahada by Messrs. Hugh Low and Co., of Clapton, with whom it flowered 


4 December, 1892, and again quite recently. The sepals and petals roi 
4 creamy buff shade, the latter with numerous minute brown spots on the 


178 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


disc, and the lip ivory-white, with bands of dull maroon, formed of numerous 
suffused spots, on the upper half of the hypochil inside. The column is pale 
green, with ivory-white wings. It is allied to S. eburnea, Lindl., and S. 
Reichenbachiana, Roezl, but differs from the former in its globose hypochil 
and buff sepals and petals, and from the latter in having the mesochil solid, 
not deeply channelled. The flowers have a sweet, Narcissus-like scent.— 
Kew Bulletin, p. 63. The photograph here reproduced is from a flower 
kindly communicated by Messrs. Hugh Low and Co. 


AERIDES PLATYCHILUM, Rolfe.—A distinct and pretty Aérides, which 
flowered with Mr. F. W. Moore, at the Glasnevin Botanic Garden, in April, 
1892. It is allied to A. Houlletianum, Rchb. f., but the front lobe of the 
lip is flat, not plicate, and the side lobes are only free above the middle, not 
divided to the base and spreading. The sepals and petals are light buff, 
faintly stained with purple near the apex, and the lip pale yellowish-white, 
with a bright purple apex and some light purple bars on the side lobes. 
The native country is not known.—Kew Bulletin, p. 64. 


SACCOLABIUM MoorEANUM, Rolfe.—A native of New Guinea, introduced 
with Dendrobium Phalenopsis, by Messrs. F. Sander and Co., of St. 
Albans. It flowered with Mr. F. W. Moore, at the Glasnevin Botanic 
Garden, in October last ; then with Sir Trevor Lawrence, Bart., Burford, 
Dorking, in November; and shortly afterwards with C. J. Lucas, Esq., of 
Warnham Court, Horsham. It is allied to S. Mimus, Rchb. f., and two or 
three other Polynesian species. The flowers are densely arranged in a 
short cylindrical raceme, the colour light rose, tipped with green.—Kew 
Bulletin, p. 64. 


ANGRECUM BISTORTUM, Rolfe.—A native of West Africa, collected in 
the interior of the colony of Lagos, by Sir Alfred Malony, K.C.M.G., and 
brought to Kew by Mr. J. McNair, late Curator of the Lagos Botanical 
Station. It is allied to A. arcuatum, Lindl., but has smaller flowers, and 
the spur of the lip is curved into a loop, and its tip remains tightly clasped 


by the sheathing bract. It flowered at Kew, in January, 1892.—Kew 
Bulletin, p. 65. 


Bietia Gopserriana, Kranzl. in Gard. Chron., April 15th, p- 442 ae 
very old species under a new name, Bletia acutipetala, Hook., a eset 
of the West Indies, Mexico, and Guatemala. 

OpDoNTOGLossuM KRranziinu, O’Brien.—Introduced from Columbia, by 
Messrs. F. Sander and Co., of St. Albans, and very nearly allied to = 
odoratum, Linden.— Gard. Chron., April 15th, p. 442. 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 179 


PONTHIEVA MACULATA, 


A specimen of this remarkable and very pretty terrestrial Orchid has 
been received for determination from Alex. Hodgkinson, Esq., of The 
Grange, Wilmslow, Cheshire. The leaves of this Orchid are covered with 
long soft hairs, much like those of Arnica montana, and measure eight 
to twelve inches long, by one inch and a half to two inches broad. 
The spike is erect, one and a quarter to one and a half feet high, and 
the elegant flowers are borne in a lax raceme. The lateral sepals are white, 
spotted with greenish brown, and from the centre of each spot arises a 
glossy, appressed, unicellular, clavate hair, which is filled with colourless 
fluid, and so transparent that it is best seen with the aid of a lens. The 
dorsal sepal is pale brown with darker streaks, and the petals, which are 
pendulous from the top of the column, are united into a single organ, deep 
yellow in colour and with red-brown streaks, and on cursory examination 
might be mistaken for the lip, which is very small and fleshy. The lateral 
sepals are uppermost, and being the most conspicuous parts of the flower 
they impart to it a very remarkable appearance, even for an Orchid. It is 
certainly a striking and attractive little plant. It isa native of Venezuela 
and New Granada, and has been collected by Linden, Crueger, and Fendler, 
in the former, and by Funck and Schlim in the latter, in the province of 
Pamplona, at 7,500 feet elevation. Mr. Hodgkinson states that it has been 
grown at the cool end of the stove, potted ina mixture of fibrous loam, 
peat and sand, with a few finely-broken potsherds, and a moderate supply 
of water, and that the roots seem to die as soon as they leave the compost 
and enter the crocks. Being a terrestrial species it is probable that but 
little drainage is necessary. 

Ponthieva maculata, Lindl. in Amn. and Mag. Nat. Hist., xv» p. 385 3 Moore and Ayres 


Gard, Mag., i. p. 248, fig. 3; N. E. Br. in Gard. Chron., 1882, i. p. 496; Bot. Mag. t. 0037. 


CALENDAR OF OPERATIONS FOR JUNE. 
By W. H. WHITE, Burford, Dorking. 


THE long-continued spell of brilliant summer-like weather has been all that 
could be desired for the welfare of these plants, and I doubt if the majority 
of Orchids ever looked better than they do at this season, especially those 
Plants that occupy the warmest divisions. They seem to delight in their 
Natural sun-heat, growing and blooming more vigorously that in. our 
Ordinary spring climate. But with the colder growing species, it has been 
almost impossible to keep them anything like sufficiently cool, and where 
they are grown in houses exposed all day to the full glare of the sun, it has 


180 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


been exceedingly difficult to keep the temperature down, and only by ample 
ventilation, heavy shading, and a plentiful supply of moisture, could it be 
effected. A lean-to house, facing north, or north-east, is no doubt the best 
position for the charming Andine species during a hot, dry summer. 

The enthusiastic grower will certainly find great pleasure in looking 
over his collection, and noticing that almost every day some plant has 
made a fresh start, either by sending out new roots, young growths, or 
producing its charming flower-spikes. It is therefore a good time to 
caution him against the practice of allowing the spikes to remain on too 
long, as is frequently the case, "greatly to the detriment of the plants, 
causing them to shrivel, and leaving them in such a debilitated state that 
they are scarcely able to form new growth, and often gradually dwindle 
away. Undoubtedly it conduces greatly to the health of the plant if the 
flower spikes are cut off after a reasonable length of time. Small and 
weakly plants invariably suffer if allowed to bloom at all; consequently 
it is advisable to remove their flower spikes immediately they appear. By 
giving the plants a fair amount of rest, and afterwards gradually starting 
them into growth, many valuable plants may be saved and brought round 
to their normal condition of health. 

Now that the majority of the Cattleyas and Lzlias have commenced 
their growing season, I earnestly recommend a sharp look out for that 
terrible pest, the Cattleya fly. On recently looking through a well-culti- 
vated collection of Orchids, I was told by the gardener that his plants were 
sorely afflicted by the larvz of this fly. A few months ago nothing of this 
was observed, until several newly imported species of Cattleya were bought, 
and as soon as these began to grow the young shoots began to swell and to 
show no inclination of making any further progress. These shoots were 
cut off, examined, and there was found this destructive pest. Very soon 
afterwards, other plants became similarly affected, and the young growths 
were immediately cut off and burnt. This seems to be the only effectual 
means of exterminating the pest. Another remedy is to slightly fumigate 
the house with tobacco smoke just before sunset every evening. I am told 
that it is principally at this time that the fly is at work, going from plant to 
plant depositing its eggs. Fumigation cannot possibly affect the grub 
concealed in the young growths, but it will often prevent the fly from 
obtaining a footing upon others. I cannot too fully impress upon your 
readers the advisability of thoroughly examining and cleaning each and 
every plant that is added to the collection, because if these pests be once 
allowed sufficient time to establish themselves it is almost impossible to 
complete their destruction before a very considerable amount of damage has 
been done, and many a valuable plant irretrievably ruined. 

_ By this time Cattleya gigas, C. Dowiana and its beautiful variety aurea 
will be fast finishing up their young flowering growths, and to the yours 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 181 


beginner a word of warning may not be out of place. It will be noticed 
that the outer sheath which encircles the young bulb, especially at its base, 
clings so tightly to it as to prevent the ingress of air, causing over- 
abundance of moisture between the sheath and bulb. To counteract this, 
by allowing the moisture to evaporate, it is necessary to split open the 
sheath from top to bottom. If this operation be delayed the result will 
probably be that the new bulb will turn black, when it must be cut off 
immediately, or the plant will die altogether. After the sheath has been 
opened, if the bulb is sound, keep the plant rather dry at the root for a 
few days, but on no account give the ordinary resting treatment, or the 
bulbs would mature too quickly, and the plant would start again into fresh 
and weakly growth. 

The practice of putting Orchids when in flower into what is generally 
termed the show house is a dangerous one, and is often attended with 
injurious results. When the plants are taken from their hot and moist 
growing atmosphere, and placed in a dry, cool, and draughty house, they 
are very liable to suffer severely through the sudden change. No doubt 
the gathering together of different species and varieties of Orchids in bloom 
into one house, tastefully arranged with Palms and Ferns is both beautiful 
and effective, especially to the ordinary visitor. But to the grower and 
lover of these charming plants it is of far more interest and pleasure, when 
looking round a collection, to see both those that are in and out of flower 
together in their own departments. 

The beautiful dark blue Aganasia ccerulea is almost identical in colour 
with Vanda ccerulea, and, like that species, exceedingly difficult to cultivate 
for any length of time. The principal point to be attended to is to fasten 
the plants on blocks of wood, suspended near the roof glass of the Mexican 
house, or a hot, sunny position in the plant stove, and frequently syringe 
the roots and foliage when in a growing state. 

An Orchid of exquisite beauty now in bloom is Vanda teres, and up to 
Within a few years ago it was considered by many to be a very difficult 
Matter to get it to flower well. The principal requirements of this plant 
aré sun and water, and if placed in a hot sunny corner of the Mexican 
house, and well syringed five or six times a day during active growth, 
it will thrive luxuriantly and bloom profusely. If insufficient water be 
given the terete leaves will shrivel, and the lower ones drop off; but when 
§towth is completed less will suffice. Our plants are never subjected to ihe 
‘Severe drying off in winter that is generally advocated, but they receive 
Sufficient water at all times to keep the stems and leaves plump, and no 
trouble whatever is experienced in flowering them. Our method is to fasten 
five or six stems on to long upright teak rafts, with the rods at least one 
inch apart to allow a free circulation of air amongst the roots. The lower 
Part of the raft is then inserted into a pot, and firmly fixed with crocks, over 


182 ‘THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


which is placed a thin layer of sphagnum. When the stems have over- 
grown the length of the teak rods, another raft is screwed to the top of the 
old one, and at the same time, about eighteen inches to two feet of the 
plant, stem and raft is carefully sawn off at the bottom, and re-lowered into 
the pot. These bottom stems if properly taken care of may soon be 
encouraged to send out fresh growths, and in this way the plant is easily 
propagated. 

The same remarks also apply to the rarely seen Vanda Hookeriana, 
except that this variety requires warmer treatment all the year round. 

Arachnanthe Cathcartii will grow luxuriantly and bloom freely in a 
Shady part of the hottest house, where it may be syringed several times a 
day during summer. It succeeds best when trained up teak rods as 
recommended for Vanda teres. 

Arpophyllum giganteum and A. spicatum are species of Orchids that are 
generally neglected, but both plants are of easy cultivation. When seen 
with a dozen or more flower spikes twelve inches in length, which remain 
in perfection about four weeks, they lend an additional charm to the inter- 
mediate house. Both are now Starting into growth, and if necessary should 
be re-potted into a compost of good fibrous peat with one-third loam, inter- 
spersed with small broken crocks. Plenty of water when growing is 
essential, and by placing the plants in the lightest position available they 
will bloom profusely. 

Odontoglossum Krameri when well flowered is very pretty, though 
unfortunately it is often seen in a languishing condition, which is probably 
due to the roots of this plant not liking peat. I have a plant under my 
care which for some time continued to deteriorate slowly, although 
several experiments were tried to save it. At last the plant was shaken 
out, thoroughly cleansed from the old peat and moss, and re-potted into 
clean sphagnum only. The roots quickly responded to the change of 
compost, and the plant soon returned to its former healthy condition. The 
cool and shady part of the intermediate house is the proper place for it. 
Give plenty of water when in full growth, but when at rest it must be kept 
rather dryer than the majority of Odontoglossums. 

Ada aurantiaca may be re-potted, as it passes out of bloom, into equal 
Parts of peat and sphagnum. Allow plenty of drainage, so that during the 


‘Compost becoming Stagnant. In winter less will suffice, but never allow 
the soil to become thoroughly dry. This plant, with its orange-scarlet 
flowers, arranged with Odontoglossums of the crispum type, forms a very 
pleasing contrast of colour; each showing the other off to considerable 
advantage. 


Sennen nee 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 183 


ORCHID PORTRAITS. 
BOTANICAL MAGAZINE. 


SATYRIUM SPHAROCARPUM, Lindl. The Natal form, which has much 
larger flowers than the Delagoa Bay plant originally described by Lindley, 
and may even represent a distinct species. The flowers are white, with 
some brownish-red lines on the segments. Tubers were sent to Kew by 
Mr. J. M. Wood, A.L.S., Curator of the Natal Botanic Garden, in March, 
1892, and flowered in the following October.—t. 7295. 


THE GARDEN. 

HABENARIA MILITARIS, Rchb. f. A coloured plate of this handsome 
terrestrial Orchid, from a plant in the collection of Sir Trevor Lawrence, 
Bart., where it is so successfully grown. Its culture was given at p. 83 of 
our March number.—May Oth, p. 370, t. 903. 


JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE. 
CALYPSO BOREALIS (see p. 154).—April 27th, p. 331, fig. 62. 
L&LIO-CATTLEYA X ASCANIA (see p. 167 of our present issue).—May 
4th, p. 351, fig. 65. 
ZYGOPETALUM X SEDENI.—May 11th, p. 377, fig. 69. 


LINDENIA. 

The April number of this work contains :— 

VANDA TRICOLOR, Lindl., VAR. PLANILABRIS, Lindl. A handsome variety, 
characterised by its broad, flat lip.—t. 369. 

CATTLEYA LABIATA, Lindl. Three handsome varieties—ALBA, fig. 1; 
GLORIOSA, fig. 2; and FLAMMEA, fig. 3.—t. 370. 

Cyrtopopium Atici#, L. Lind. and Rolfe. A small-flowered new 
Species from Pernambuco, with light whitish-green flowers spotted with 
red-brown.—t. 371. 

CoLax juGcosus, Lind].—t. 372. 


ORCHIDOPHILE. 

CymBipium DevoniANuM, Paxt.—February, p. 48, with plate. 

CYcNocHES CHLOROCHILON, Klotzsch.—February, pp. 52, 53, with 
figure. 

REICHENBACHIA. 

-. Part III. of Volume II. of the second series contains :— 
~ Cypripepium x LEEANUM, Rchb. f. VAR. GIGANTEUM, Rolfe. An ex- 
ceptionally large and handsome variety, raised in the collection of Messrs. 


184 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


Heath and Son., of Cheltenham, from C. Spicerianum crossed with the — 
pollen of a large variety of C. insigne. It has much less purple spotting on 
the dorsal sepal than usual, and is the finest variety yet raised.—p. 19, 
t. 57. . 

C@LOGYNE PANDURATA, Lindl. A handsome Bornean species, with 
very large green flowers, marked with black on the lip.—p. 21, t. 58. 

SCHOMBURGKIA SANDERIANA, Rolfe. A handsome species, allied to 
S. Humboldtii, Rchb. f., introduced by Messrs. F. Sander and Co., of St. 
Albans. The inflorescence is branching, and the flowers rosy carmine, 
with three white keels on the disc of the lip and a deep purple blotch in 
front. It received an Award of Merit from the Royal Horticultural Society 
in December, 1891, when exhibited by Baron Schréder, in whose collection 
the drawing was made.—p. 23, t. 59. 

ONCIDIUM SUPERBIENS, Rchb. f. A handsome species allied to the 
well-known O. macranthum. ‘The form here figured has petals with a 
paler ground and more purple markings than the original form, and exists 
in some collections under the name of O. undulatum, Lindl., a very 
different species, with which it has been confused.—p. 25, t. 60. 


CONTINENTAL NOTES. 
By CH. DE BOSSCHERE. 


At the horticultural meeting of the month, held at Ghent, many very 
interesting Orchids were exhibited, notably the collection of Odonto- 
glossums of M. Jules Hye, comprising O. Hallii leucoglossum, O. crispum, 
O. Pescatorei, O. x Andersonianum, and others; also a handsome light 
form of Cattleya Mendeli, a dark Lelia purpurata, and Miltonia Roezlii, a 
beautiful specimen, with fourteen flowers, from the same exhibitor. 
M. A. Van Imschoot exhibited the handsome Masdevallia x Heathii; and 
M. Ed. Pynaert, Miltonia vexillaria punctata, the lip covered with small 
streaks radiating from the centre, and producing a charming effect. 

At the meeting of the Orchidéene, of Brussels, there was a good assem- 
blage of handsome Orchids, among which we may note a handsome hybrid 
Odontoglossum, apparently partly derived from QO. triumphans, a handsome 
Cattleya allied to C. Schilleriana and C. Aclandiz, a very fine Cattleya 
Mendeli, the curious Catasetum tenebrosum, and Epidendrum Randii, from 
Messrs. Linden; a fine Miltonia vexillaria, with large, dark-coloured flowers, 
and Odontoglossum x Andersonianum giganteum, from M. Count de 
Bousies ; Gongora tricolor, from M. A. Van Imschoot, etc. 

At the Horticultural Exhibition at Bruges, held on May 7th, many fine 

-Orchids were also exhibited, chiefly consisting of the usual popular species, 
those of M. G. Vincke Dujardin being especially conspicuous. 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 185 


THE MANCHESTER ORCHID SHOW. 


THE Exhibition of Orchids of the Royal Botanical and Horticultural 
Society of Manchester, to which we alluded at p- 130, was held at The 
Gardens, Old Trafford, from May roth to 25th, inclusive, and was a great 
success. The great Exhibition Hall was almost filled with Orchids of the 
finest quality, and most effectively arranged. 

For the best miscellaneous collection (Amateurs), the first. prize was 
secured by G. Hardy, Esq., Timperley, Cheshire (gr. Mr. Holmes), with 
a magnificent group, including Lelia tenebrosa, L. purpurata, Oncidium 
Marshallianum, Miltonia vexillaria, Odontoglossum citrosmum, O. crispum, 
Epidendrum vitellinum, and Dendrobium infundibulum, intermixed with 
Phalzenopses, Vandas, Dendrobiums, Masdevallias, and Cattleyas, some of 
them in quantity, arranged in a very effective manner. F. Hardy, Esq.; 
Tyntesfield, Ashton-on- -Mersey (son of the above), secured the second prize 
with a very charming group. 

In the Nurserymen’s class the first prize fell to Mr. James Cypher, 
Cheltenham, and the second to Messrs. Heath and Son, of the same place, 
both of whom arranged very effective groups. 

For thirty Orchids in bloom there was only a single exhibiter, T. Statter, 
Esq., Stand Hall, Whitefield, Manchester (gr. Mr. R. Johnson), who 
received the first prize for a magnificent group. 

For the best collection of Cypripediums, G. Hardy, Esq., was first, with 
a splendid group, and Mr. J. Cypher second. 

For ten specimen Orchids in bloom, Mr. G. Hardy also secured the Silver 
Cup presented by Joseph Broome, Esq., the President of the Council, with 
a superb lot. The second prize went to Mrs. Hodgkinson, Haigh Lawn, 
Bowdon. | 

For the best collection of Cattleyas, Mr. G. Hardy was again first, 
with about thirty very fine plants, and W. Shaw, Esq., Stamford Lodge, 
Ashton-under-Lyne, second. 

For a collection of Odontoglossums, W. Thomann Esq., Walton 
Grange, Stone, Staffordshire, was first, and F. Hardy, Esq., second, the 
competition being very close. 

For Dendrobiums, a Silver Cup presented by T. Statter, Esq., Mr. G. 
Hardy was first and Mr. J. Cypher second. 

The Silver Cup, value fifteen guineas, presented by Messrs. F. Sander 
and Co., of St. Albans, for the best new Orchid in flower sent out by them 
since 1887, was secured by T. Statter, Esq., with Odontoglossum mulus 
Statterianum, a magnificent form. Mr. G. Hardy competed with O. 
Wattianum Hardyanum. 

The Veitch Memorial prize and £5 for the best hybrid Orchid already 
in commerce, also fell to Mr. Statter, for Cypripedium x Aylingii. 


186 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


A similar prize for the best hybrid not in commerce was not awarded, 
as Cypripedium x Hardyanum, exhibited by Mr. G. Hardy, was decided to 
be identical with C. x macrochilum. 

The Williams Memorial Medal and £5 for the best bond fide specimen 
Orchid in the Show, went to Mr. G. Hardy, for Cattleya Mossiz 
Reineckiana, a perfect specimen with sixteen blooms. 

Messrs. Charlesworth Shuttleworth and Co., of Heaton, Bradford, 
Messrs. Linden, of Brussels, and Messrs. F. Sander and Co., of St. 
Albans, were each awarded the Society's Gold Medal for a magnificent 
group, consisting largely of Orchids. 

Messrs. W. L. Lewis and Co., of Southgate, Messrs. Hugh Low and 
Co., of Clapton, and Messrs. B. S. Williams and Co., of Upper Holloway, 
were also awarded Special Prizes for fine groups staged not for competition. 
These, as well as the other groups named, contained many interesting and 
beautiful things, which we have not space to enumerate. 


ORCHIDS AT THE ROYAL HORTICULTURAL 
SOCIETY. 


AT the meeting of the Royal Horticultural Society, held in the Drill Hall, 
James Street, Westminster, on April 25th, there was a fine display of 
Orchids. 

The President, Sir Trevor Lawrence, Bart., exhibited an exceedingly 
effective group, to which a Silver Flora Medal was awarded. Among ae 
plants may be mentioned a handsome piece of the brilliant Masdevallia 
Arminii with over seventy blooms, and an almost equally handsome M. X 
Geleniana, both of which received First-class Certificates. M. Shuttle- 
worthii and its variety xanthocorys were also included; the rare Bulbo- 
phyllum Sillemianum; B. Lobbii siamense, to which a Botanical Certificate 
was awarded ; Dendrobium revolutum; a fine specimen of D. thyrsiflorum ; 
Cypripedium villosum aureum; and fine specimens of Selenipedium * 
Schroeder, Cattleya Mendeli, C. Schroederze, and Epidendrum atroput 
pureum album, the latter of which received an Award of Merit. 

Walter C. Clark, Esq., Sefton Park, Liverpool, sent flowers of Phaius 
x Cooksoni. 

Earl Cowper, Panshanger House, Hertford (gr. Mr. J. Fitt), showed 
Some varieties of Cypripedium barbatum, and a hybrid Odontoglossum, 
apparently a form of O. x mulus. 

¢ Barri Crawshay, Esq., Rosefield, Sevenoaks (gr. Mr. S. Cook) 
showed five remarkably fine forms of Odontoglossum crispum. 

Cu. Goodheart, Esq., Langley ‘Park, Beckenham (gr. Mr. R. Pudbury)> 
sent Selenipedium caudatum var. Wallisii. 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 187 


W. W. Mann, Esq., Ravenswood, Bexley, showed a fine plant of 
Cycnoches pentadactylon with a spike of male flowers and one female (see 
p. 162). 

F. W. Moore, Esq., Royal Botanic Gardens, Glasnevin, sent a spike of 
the very rare Saccolabium cerinum, to which a Botanical Certificate was 
awarded. 

T. Statter, Esq., Stand Hall, Whitefield, Manchester (gr. Mr. R. 
Johnson), showed well-flowered examples of Cypripedium Boxallii superbum 
and C. x Measuresianum aureum; also a Dendrobium nobile, Statter’s 
variety, which the Committee wished to see again. 

C. Winn, Esq., Selly Hill, Birmingham, sent the pretty rose-purple 
Dendrobium x Nestor. 

E. G. Wrigley, Esq., Dukinfield, Cheshire (gr. Mr. C. Harris), showed 
Cattleya citrina, Sophronitis grandiflora, and Dendrobium nobile albi- 

orum. 

Reginald Young, Esq., Sefton Park, Liverpool, sent cut flowers of 
Vanda teres Aurora, two fine forms of Maxillaria Sanderiana, and other 
Orchids. : 

Messrs. Condor and Raphael, Kings Langley, sent three plants of Cypri- 
pedium niveum and Dendrobium amzenum. 

Messrs. W. L. Lewis and Co., Southgate, staged a showy group of 
Cattleyas, Cypripediums, Odontoglossums, including O. triumphans pallens, 
Lelia Boothiana, several plants of Oncidium ampliatum, and others, and 
received a Vote of Thanks. 

Messrs. Hugh Low and Co., Clapton, showed an excellent group of 
Dendrobiums, Cypripediums, Phalnopsis, and others, including the rare 
Cypripedium Mastersianum, and Stanhopea Amesiana, to which latter an 
Award of Merit was given. A Vote of Thanks was awarded. 

Messrs. F. Sander and Co., St. Albans, exhibited a fine group, to which a 
Silver Banksian Medal was awarded. It included some fine Odonto- 
glossums, including O. Roebelenianum, a supposed natural hybrid, which 
received an Award of Merit; the remarkable Lelia Digbyana, Maxillaria 
Sanderiana xanthoglossa (Award of Merit), Zygopetalum Klabochorum, 
Cattleya Skinneri alba and C. x Burberryana, Oncidium roraimense, 
Cypripedium Rothschildianum, and other showy Orchids. 

Messrs. Seeger and Tropp, East Dulwich, showed the interesting Lycaste 
lasioglossa. 

Messrs. James Veitch and Sons, Chelsea, sent two striking hybrids, 
Leelio-cattleya x Ascania (see p. 167), which received a First-class Certifi- 
Cate, and Lelia x Latona, with rich Indian yellow flowers, striped with 
Purple on the lip. 

Mr. W. Whiteley, Hillingdon, near Uxbridge, showed a good form of 
Odontoglossum x excellens. 


188 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


On May oth there was again a very fine display, and many very interest- 
ing Orchids were staged. The amateurs were especially numerous on this 
occasion. 

Major-Gen. E. S. Berkeley, Bittern Park, Southampton, showed 
Galeandra nivalis, Dendrobium transparens album, D. hercoglossum, and 
D; sulcatum. 

N. C. Cookson, Esq., Oakwood, Wylam-on-Tyne (gr. Mr. W. Murray), 
received an Award of Merit for Cattleya x Harold, obtained from C. 
Gaskelliana and C. Warscewiczii. 

De B. Crawshay, Esq., of Sevenoaks, received an Award of Merit 
for Odontoglossum crispum, var. de Barri Crawshay, a splendid form. Two 
other handsome varieties of O. crispum, called Miss Florence Bovill and 
guttatum, were also exhibited. ; 

_ W.F. Darnell, Esq., received a Silver Flora Medal for a fine group of 
showy Orchids, tastefully arranged with light foliage plants. 

T. B. Haywood, Esq., Woodhatch, Reigate, sent a spike of Epidendrum 
Schomburgkii. 

A. J. Hollington, Esq., Forty Hill, Enfield, exhibited a fine form of 
Cypripedium x Evenor (C. Argus 9, x C. bellatulum 2), with cream-yellow 
flowers densely spotted with purple. 

C. Ingram, Esq., Elstead House, Godalming, showed Cypripedium X 
striatum. : 
 C. Rickman, Esq., Springfield, received an Award of Merit for Cypri- 
pedium x Charles Rickman, from C. barbatum $ and C bellatulum @. 

T. Statter, Esq., Stand Hall, Whitefield, Manchester, received a First- 
class Certificate for a splendid form of Dendrobium Bensonize album. 

- Thompson, Esq., Walton, Stone (gr. Mr. W. Stevens), sent spikes 0 
two varieties of Odontoglossum triumphans. 

kK. B. White, Esq., Arddaroch, sent a form of Cypripedium concolor, the 
sepals and petals striped with purple. eae 

Stephen White, Esq., Oakwood, Crayford, Kent, sent a fine spike 0 
Cyrtopodium Andersonianum. q 

Messrs. Charlesworth, Shuttleworth, and Co., Heaton, Bradford, showe 
Oncidium Serratum, O. macranthum, Charlesworth’s variety, and a curious 
little Peruvian Odontoglossum. | cae 

Messrs. Hugh Low and Co., Clapton, received an Award of Merit 
Lelia purpurata Lowiana, a very handsome form. 

_ Messrs. Pitcher and Manda received a Silver Banksian Medal 8 
large and handsome group, containing many forms of the variable Catt en 
Mossiz, Lelia pupurata, the pretty Cattleya Lueddemanniana conco'ol, 
Odontoglossums, Phalzenopsis, etc. - 

Messrs. F. Sander and Co., St. Albans, showed a pretty form of Cy a d 

pedium Chamberlainianum, without the rose spotting on the pouch, ca 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 189 


Victoria-Mariz, Oncidium leucochilum nigrum, and a group of other select 
-and showy Orchids. 

Messrs. James Veitch and Sons, Chelsea, exhibited Dendrobium x 
Mentor, a very pretty hybrid with pretty light rose flowers, derived from 
D. primulinum ? and D superbum @, and the very charming Lezelio-cattleya 
x Hippolyta, derived from Cattleya Mossiz ? and Lelia cinnabarina 2. 


THE TEMPLE SHOW. 


THE Great Annual Flower Show of the Royal Horticultural Society was 
held in the Temple Gardens on May 25th and 26th, and, as is usually the 
case, the Orchids formed the leading feature. The broad stage running 
down the centre of the great marquee, one hundred feet long, was wholly 
occupied by these plants, also one side of a similar stage in a second large 
tent, while a few appeared here and there in the miscellaneous groups 
arranged round the sides of the tents. To give anything like a complete 
enumeration would be obviously impossible in the space at command, and 
we must content ourselves with pointing out the principal features of the 
various groups exhibited. So far as the commoner popular species are 
concerned one might say that they were well represented in almost every 
§roup, especially Lelia purpurata, Miltonia vexillaria, and some of the 
commoner Cattleyas and Odontoglossums, and many exceptionally brilliant 
varieties were exhibited. 

Baron Sir Henry Schréder, The Dell, Egham (gr. Mr. H. Ballantine), 
Staged a marvellous and tastefully arranged group, the plants in the most 
robust health, and the flowers of exceptional size and beauty, for which a 
Silver Cup was awarded. Odontoglossums were there in profusion, and 
included many superb varieties of O. crispum, including apiatum, San- 
derianum, and xanthotes, and a superb white form in which the lateral 
Sepals were united in nearly every flower of the raceme, giving it a very 
distinct appearance. Among superb forms of O. Pescatorei, a large pure 
white variety was conspicuous, superb forms of O. Hallii, O. cirrhosum, O. 
triumphans, the pretty little O. Cierstedii, and others, also a beautiful 
Series of natural hybrids, including O. x elegans, O. x aspersum, and 
Several forms of O. x excellens, O. x Andersonianum, and O. x Ruckeria- 
hum. Among Cattleyas were many fine plants of C. Mossiz, the beautiful 
variety Reineckiana, a gigantic plant of C. Skinneri, with sixteen racemes, 
C. Mendeli, C. Lawrenceana, C. citrina, C. Warscewiczii, C. Schroedere, 
and its variety alba, superb forms of Lelia purpurata, the snow-white 
Sobralia macrantha Kienastiana, Vanda teres, the beautiful Dendrobium 
Dearei, many handsome forms of Miltonia vexillaria, Selenipedium caudatum, 
Several brilliant Masdevallias, including M. x Gairiana, M. Veitchiana, a 


190 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


fine M, X Courtauldiana with sixteen flowers, M. Wageneriana with twice as 
many, a fine Cypripedium x Morganiz burfordiense, the charming Epiden- 
drum xX dellense, and a large number of other handsome things. Some 
idea may be formed of the extent of this marvellous group from the fact that 
this and the next two collections occupied the whole of one side of the stage 
in the large marquee, and in nearly equal proportions. But the crowning 
figure of this marvellous group was a gigantic specimen of Cceelogyne Dayana, 
with twenty-two of its long and graceful pendulous spikes, containing over 
eight hundred flowers, to which a Silver Flora Medal and a First-class 
Certificate were awarded. 

The next collection was that of Sir Trevor Lawrence, Bart., Burford 
Lodge, Dorking (gr. Mr. W. H. White), and this also was awarded a Silver 
Cup. This too was a magnificent group and most effectively arranged. In 
addition to a large number of the showy things found in every collection, 
there were numerous plants which call for special mention. Two plants of 
the new and handsome Cochlioda Noezliana were very effective, and show 
to what this charming plant may develop. A good plant of Nanodes 
Medusz showed two of its quaint flowers with handsomely fringed lip. A 
tall plant of Epidendrum x O’Brienianum at the back carried seven trusses 
of its bright cherry-red flowers, while near it was a fine specimen of 
Sobralia macrantha, one of Phaius Sanderianus, some fine Vandas, Oncidium 
ampliatum, Odontoglossum hastilabium, a handsome Cypripedium Roths- _ 
childianum, with six flowers, and Epidendrum Mooreanum with a very 
graceful panicle of flowers. Here were many brilliant Masdevallias, in- 
cluding M. x Mundyana, M. x Veitchii, M. x Chelsoni, the quaint little 
M. simula, and M. peristeria; also a fine Lelia tenebrosa, some grand forms 
of L. purpurata, the pure white Cattleya intermedia Parthenia, C. x 
fimbriata, and most of the other showy Cattleyas now in flower. One of 
the most striking things was Lelio-cattleya x Phoebe, with orange sepals 
and petals, and a deep crimson lip. Many beautiful Odontoglossums, both 
species and hybrids, were included, among which O. x excellens, O. citros- 
mum, O. polyxanthum, and others, were conspicuous, also several Oncidiums, 
Brassia verrucosa, Anguloa Ruckeri, several Dendrobiums, Zygopetalum 
crinitum, the quaint Luisia volucris, and others too numerous to mention. 

Messrs. F. Sander and Co., St. Albans, staged a most extensive and very 
beautiful group, in which Cattleyas in variety, Lelia purpurata, Phatus 
Sanderianus, Miltonia vexillaria, Odontoglossums, including O. citrosmum 
and O. crispum, and Epidendrum vitellinum figured in quantity. Of the 
latter there were between three and four hundred spikes, which made a most 
brilliant display. Three plants received Awards of Merit, namely, Miltonia 
vexillaria “‘ Princess May,” Odontoglossum Wattianum, Hardy’s variety f 
and Lelia purpurata nobilius, all very handsome. Others worthy of mention 
were Lelia majalis, Cattleya x Wellsiana, and C. O’Brieniana splendida, 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. IgI 


the three Anguloas, Oncidiums Forbesii and macranthum, Brassia verrucosa, 
Epidendrum prismatocarpum, etc., etc. 

Norman C. Cookson, Esq., Oakwood, Wylam-on Tyne, received a First- 
class Certificate for the handsome hybrid Cattleya x William Murray (see 
i 167). 

De Barri Crawshay, Esq., Rosefield, Sevenoaks, showed Odontoglossum 
crispum ‘“‘ Princess May,” a large and beautiful white variety. 

Messrs. B. S. Williams and Son, Upper Holloway, received a Silver-gilt 
Flora Medal for a very effective group, containing, in addition to the usual 
Showy things, fine plants of Cymbidium Lowianum, Dendrobium thyrsi- 
florum and Cattleya Lawrenceana, a splendid specimen with about forty 
flowers. The rare Bollea Patini, bearing one of its remarkable mauve 
flowers, was especially interesting, also Geodorum citrinum, Trichopilia 
marginata and Promenza microptera. 

Messrs. Hugh Low and Co., Clapton, also received a Silver-gilt Flora 
Medal, for an extensive and handsome group, containing a very rich and 
varied series of Cattleya Mossiz, about ninety plants of the pretty little 
Cypripedium bellatulum, and many other splendid things too numerous 
to mention. Here was the very rare Cypripedium Mastersianum, a plant 
of C. exul, while the fine C. Volonteanum giganteum deservedly received 
an Award of Merit. Lzelia tenebrosa, Renanthera bilinguis, and many other 
interesting things were in the group. 

C. J. Lucas, Esq., Warnham Court, Horsham (gr. Mr. Duncan), staged 
‘4 very fine group, to which a Silver Cup was awarded. It contained many 
rare and interesting things, as Grammatophyllums Rumphianum and 
Fenzlianum, Schomburgkia tibicinis, Cyrtopodium Andersoni, Aérides 
japonicum, Ornithocephalus  grandiflorus, Oncidium phymatochilum, 
Gongora leucochila, and others, also Cattleya Forbesii and Lelia grandis, 
besides a host of other showy favourites. Epidendrum Claesianum received 
a Botanical Certificate. 

C. Ingram, Esq., Elstead House, Godalming (gr. Mr. Bond), showed a 
Plant of the handsome Lelio-cattleya Ingramii. 

Mr. J. Cypher, Queen’s Road, Cheltenham, received a Silver Cup for a 
very fine group, chiefly made up of specimens of the usual showy species 
Previously enumerated. Lelia purpurata purpurea and L. p. Niobe both 
teceived Awards of Merit. These collections filled the other side of the 
Stage in the large marquec. 

In the second tent, Messrs. Charlesworth, Shuttleworth and Co., of 
Heaton, Bradford, staged a very fine group, which was awarded a Silver- 
gilt Flora Medal. Here was a fine group of the handsome Lelia tenebrosa, 
another of Oncidium macranthum, a fine Cattleya Warneri formosa, which 
Teceived an Award of Merit. Odontoglossum x Wilckeanum nobilius was 
very handsome, as was the pure white Cattleya intermedia alba, Cypri- 


192 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


pedium Rothschildianum, several Odontoglossums, and others. Gongora 
Charlesworthii is a curious and interesting novelty. 

His Grace the Duke of Northumberland, Syon House, Brentford (gr. 
Mr. G. Wythes), received a Silver Flora Medal for a very effective group, 
composed of numerous showy species. 

Messrs. Pitcher and Manda, Swanley, Kent, received a Silver Cup for a 
very handsome group. 

F. Wigan, Esq., Clare Lawn, East Sheen (gr. Mr. W. H. Young), 
received a Silver-gilt Knightian Medal for a neat and effective group, 
which contained the remarkable Lelia Digbyana with its deeply fringed lip, 
L. tenebrosa, Aérides Houlletianum, and a number of the usual showy 
species. 

Messrs. W. L. Lewis and Co., of Southgate, received a Silver Flora 
Medal for an excellent group, containing the handsome Cypripedium x 
Evenor, the new Brassia Lewisii, Odontoglossum polyxanthum Lewisii, a 
good Cattleya citrina, and other showy things. A dark form of the hand- 
some Vanda ccerulea was specially interesting, because this species is an 
autumn flowerer. 

Hamar Bass, Esq., Byrkley, Burton-on-Trent (gr. Mr. J. Hamilton), 
received a Silver Knightian Medal for eight large and well-bloomed forms of - 
Cattleya Mossiz. 

Messrs. Heath and Co., Cheltenham, exhibited five good plants of Lelia 
purpurata, Lelio-cattleya x Canhamiana raised by them, and a light form 
of Cattleya Mossiz Hardyana. 

Major-General E. S. Berkeley, Spetchley, Southampton, exhibited @ 
group of about three dozen plants of Dendrobium amznum and a couple 
of D. Farmeri. 

H. Shaw, Esq., of Ashton-under-Lyne, T. Statter, Esq., of Stand Hall, 
Whitefield, Manchester, and R. Young, Esq., Sefton Park, Liverpool, each 
exhibited very good forms of Cattleya Mendeli. | 


REPLIES TO CORRESPONDENTS. 
(An addressed Post Card will ensure a reply by post.) 


J. M., Barnsley.—The Cattleya Mossiz sent is a pretty light form, but we are ee 
if it has any varietal name. The forms are endless. Odontoglossum citrosmum with sepals 
and petals more rosy than usual. 

H. J. R., Florence—The Ansellia may be new. Next month. 

J. T., Ashford, Kent.—Cattleya superba requires a little more heat than the others ay 
name, which are usually grown together with success. There may be some othe re 
failure. : 

+. G, 8. Richmond, Yorkshire—Many thanks. Next month. 

A. H., Wilmslow.—Cypripedium spectabile occasionally has the dark-coloure 
leya Schroedere. We will try to obtain the notes you mention. 


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THE ORCHID: REVIEW, 


Vow. I.] JUEY, 1893. [No, .7. 


NOTES. 


THE Silver-gilt Flora Medal offered by the Royal Horticultural Society at 
its meeting on June 6th, for the best seedling Orchid not exhibited previous 
to January I, 1593, was awarded to Messrs. F. Sander and Co., of St. 
Albans, for a very pretty little hybrid between Lelia pumila Dayana ? and 
Cattleya dolosa J, to which the name of Lelio-cattleya Maynardii has been 
given. A description of the plant is given in another column. 


The show of Orchids on this occasion was somewhat smaller than usual, 
doubtless owing to the efforts made at the recent Temple Show ; neverthe- 
less a number of very attractive Orchids were exhibited. 


One very pretty Orchid which figured on this occasion was Masdevallia 
x Veitchiano-Estrade, a hybrid raised by Captain Hincks, of ‘Terrace 
House, Richmond, Yorkshire, whose parentage is commemorated in its 
name. The plant is at present very small, but the flower is a beautiful deep 
apricot, or nearly orange colour, studded with iridescent amethyst-coloured 
hairs. 


Masdevallias are favourites with Captain Hincks. For some time he 
has been engaged in hybridising them, and with considerable success, as M. 
x Hincksiana, M. x Stella, and M. x Cassiope, have all originated in his 
collection. Another handsome hybrid between M. ignea and M. racemosa 
has also just flowered, as will be seen by the description on another page. 


' Disa x kewensis is a very interesting hybrid which has just flowered at 
Kew, from seed sown in November, 1891. The first flower opened in May, 
when the plant was eighteen months old, and therefore beats the record for 
quickness of flowering from the time of sowing the seed. It is a pretty 

13 


194 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


little plant, and will doubtless prove as easy to cultivate and as floriferous — 
as its two parents, which are said to be Disa grandiflora and D. tripet- 
aloides. 


Two other interesting crosses were made at the same time, and a fine ; 
batch of seedlings is the result. The second cross was between D. race- | 
mosa and D. tripetaloides, and the third between D. tripetaloides and D. x : 
Veitchii. The latter cross is a very interesting one, as all three species — 
are concerned in the parentage, D. x Veitchii itself being derived from D. 
grandiflora and D. racemosa. Only one seedling has yet flowered, but next — 
season should witness some developments. " 


When the handsome Disa x Veitchii flowered, in the establishment of 
Messrs. James Veitch and Sons, of Chelsea, in a year and nine months from ~ 
the time the seed was sown, it established a record, but it is now evident 
that some of these Disas flower very quickly, and those who wish to see the 
result of their labours within a reasonable period should make a note of the 
fact. 


Speaking of D. x Veitchii, we notice that Messrs. Backhouse, of York, 
have also raised a batch of it, some plants being exhibited at the Royal 
Horticultural Society’s meeting on June 2oth last. 


Two meetings of the Royal Horticultural Society will be held during 
July, on the 11th and 25th respectively ; the former meeting, however, will 
be held at the Society’s Gardens, at Chiswick, and the latter at the Drill 
Hall, James Street, Westminster. The Orchid Committee will meet on 
each occasion, and, as usual, Certificates are offered for new or rare plants. 


The new Eulophiella Elisabethz was offered for sale on June gth, by 
Messrs. Protheroe and Morris, on behalf of Messrs. F. Sander and Co., of 
St. Albans. About sixty plants were included in the Catalogue. Others are 
announced to be offered on July 7th next. 


At the great York Gala, held on June 14th to 16th, there was a fine dis- 
play of Orchids, and the various classes were well filled. Gold Medals were 
awarded to two very fine non-competing groups, staged by Messrs. Charles- 
worth, Shuttleworth, and Co., and Messrs. F. Sander and Co., of St 
Albans, respectively. For the best ten Orchids the competition was very 
close, the first prize being ultimately awarded to Mr. J. Cypher, of Chelten- 
ham, and the second to G. Hardy, Esq., of Pickering qeodge, Timperley, 
Cheshire. 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 195 


THE HISTORY OF ORCHID HYBRIDISATION. 
Part VI. 
(Continued from page 134.) 


ZYGO-COLAX X VEITCHII, a remarkable and very handsome generic hybrid, 
flowered in 1887 for the first time. It was raised by Mr. Seden from 
Zygopetalum crinitum fertilised with the pollen of Colax jugosus. The 
seed was sown in September, 1882, and the first flowers produced in March, 
1887, the plant being a little over five years old. The appearance of this 
hybrid marks the commencement of a new era in the history of Orchid 
hybridisation, as it led to an extension of the principle of compounding 
a new name, derived from the joint names of the parent genera, to all 
the generic hybrids raised in gardens.t Hitherto they had usually been 
referred to one or the other of the parent genera, but with very un- 
satisfactory results, as we have already seen in one or two instances. 

Another hybrid between Phaius and Calanthe flowered in 1887, and was 
described as Phaius x Sedenianus by Reichenbach, who called it the fourth 
member of the group, though only one other appears to be on record. The 
present one was raised by Mr. Seden by crossing Phaius grandifolius with 
the pollen of Calanthe x Veitchii. 

Phalenopsis x Rothschildiana, the second hybrid in the genus, was an 
extremely interesting acquisition. It was obtained by Mr. Seden from “ P. 
Schilleriana and P. amabilis, Lindl.” (i.e., P. Aphrodite, Rchb. f.), the 
Supposed parents of the natural kybrid P. x leucorrhoda. Reichenbach 
observed that its flowers were much like those of P. x leucorrhoda in 
shape, and that it was no doubt of the same origin. The Malayan P. 
amabilis, Blume (P. grandiflora, Lindl.), the original species of the genus, 
has since been recorded as the pollen parent, by Messrs. Veitch. ‘This 
would account for the differences observed between it and P. x leucor- 
thoda, for the two are not identical, whether the parentage is the same 
or otherwise. The novelty was named P. x Rothschildiana, in honour of 
Lord Rothschild, of Tring Park. 

A third Phalznopsis flowered almost immediately afterwards, derived 
from P. amabilis, Blume 2? and P. violacea 3. It was named P. x Harriette, 
in compliment to the daughter of the Hon. Erastus Corning, of Albany, 
U.S:A. It is not only very handsome, but botanically interesting from the 
fact that the two parent species belong to quite different sections of the 
genus. It was raised by Mr. Seden in Messrs. Veitch’s establishment. 

Other hybrids described during 1887 were as follows :— 

From the establishment of Messrs. James Veitch and Sons, of 
Chelsea :— 


* See R. A. Rolfe, “On Bigeneric Orchid Hybrids,” in Journ. Linn. Soc., xxiv., pp. 
156-170. 


196 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


Dendrobium x Cybele, derived from D. Findlayanum 2 and D. nobile ft : ) 


a very pretty hybrid most resembling the pollen parent. 


Cattleya x suavior, derived from C. intermedia? and C. Mendeli?, a e 


delicately coloured and pretty hybrid. 


Cattleya x Zenobia, a handsome hybrid derived from Cattleya Lod- 
digesii 2 and Lelia x elegans Turneri 3, which flowered when seven years © 


old 


Lelia x Timorra, derived from Lelia pumila Dayana? and Cattleya 
Lueddemanniana f; the flowers rather larger than in the former, and a 


modified in colour. 


Cypripedium x obscurum, described as a plant of obscure origin, but 


since considered synonymous with C. x Ashburtoniz (p. 37). ae 

From the collection of Norman C. Cookson, Esq., Oakwood, Wylam-on- 
Tyne, came the following five Cypripediums :— 

C. x plunerum; parentage doubtful, but supposed to be C. venustum 
and C. villosum. Thus it may be a variety of C. x Williamsianum. 
Reichenbach compared it with C. x patens, though it shows no evidence 
of descent from C. Hooker and C. barbatum. 

_ C. xX auroreum, derived from C. Lawrenceanum ? and C. venustum 4, 
and intermediate in character. 

C. x lineolare ; origin not stated, but the plant is compared with 


S 
= 
eo 


WEEE RE ee RRR er 


C. x Williamsianum. It may have been derived from the same parentage 
Es 


as C. x plunerum. 


C. x doliare, said to be near C. x plunerum, and possibly even from the 
same seed-pod. 


C. x almum, derived from C. barbatum and C. Lawrenceanum. It is — 


not stated which was the seed parent. 

From the collection of D. O. Drewett, Esq., Riding, Mill-on-Tyne, came 
two Cypripediums :— 

C. x delicatulum, derived from C. Dayanum @ and C. barbatum War- 
nerianum f, and thus a variety of C. x Swanianum, in which the ordinary 
C. barbatum was used. Reichenbach speaks of it as the ‘‘ inverted” cross, 
but C. Dayanum is recorded as the seed parent in each case. 


C. x pleistochlorum, derived from C. barbatum 2 and C. virensd, and 


thus the first hybrid in whose parentage the latter had participated. 

From the collection of J. C. Bowring, Esq., Forest Farm, Windsor, 
came— 

Cypripedium x amandum, derived from C. insigne and C. venustum, 
and thus a variety of C. x Crossianum (p. 37), which it closely resembles. 


Lastly, from the collection of Sir Trevor Lawrence, Bart., of Burford, — 


Dorking, came three Dendrobiums :— | ; 
D. x chrysodiscus, a very charming hybrid, said to have been raised 


from D. Findlayanum crossed with the pollen of D. x Ainsworthii, and 4 


Sasa etebet % 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 197 


thus the first secondary hybrid obtained in the genus. It flowered when 
five years old. 

D. x melanodiscus, said to have the inverted parentage of the preced- 
ing, D. x Ainsworthii in this case being the seed parent. It is very 
elegant, and remarkably different from D. x chrysodiscus. 

D. x chlorostele, derived from D. Linawianum and D. Wesiiiseeniaet but 
it is not recorded which was the seed parent. The stems are described as 
like those of the former. 

A hybrid Lycaste flowered as long ago as 1878, though it received no name, 
and has been previously overlooked. It was raised by Mr. W. Marshall, of 
Enfield, according to the Gardeners’ Chronicle, “some nine or ten years since, 
between L. Skinneri and L. Deppei, and it is, we believe, the second which 
has as yet been flowered.”’ It has since been named Lycaste x hybrida. We 
fail to find a record of any earlier one, and think it must be the first recorded 
hybrid in the genus, and hence extremely interesting, but we fear it has 
since been lost sight of. 

The first hybrid Anguloa appeared in 1881, and this too has been over- 
looked. It was raised in the collection of J. C. Bowring, Esq., of Forest 
Farm, Windsor Forest. Reichenbach named it Anguloa x media, and 
spoke of it as no doubt derived from A. Clowesii and A. Ruckeri. It is 
believed that the plant died soon after flowering. 


(To be continued.) 


SOBRALIA MACRANTHA KIENASTIANA. 


This is a most beautiful variety of Sobralia macrantha, whose flowers 
are of the purest white, with the exception of the throat, which is lemon- 
yellow. Our first knowledge of the plant was obtained from Herr 
Kienast Zolly, of Hirslanden, Zurich, who received from his collector, in 
1885, a Sobralia whose flowers were said to be very large and very white. 
And so it proved, for when it flowered for the first time in Europe in the 
summer of 1889, the flowers were seen to be white, and of the utmost 
purity, though in every other respect quite typical. A very beautiful 
example of the same has been sent to us by R. H. Measures, Esq., of 
The Woodlands, Streatham, under the name of Sobralia macrantha alba, 
which is certainly identical with the above, and though the name is more 
descriptive, we feel bound to adopt the original one. This chaste and very 
beautiful variety is still very rare, though it should ultimately become as 
common as the typical form. We have seen a splendid plant in the col- 
lection of Baron Sir Henry Schroder, at The Dell, Egham. 


Sobralia macrantha var. Kienastiana, Rehb. f. in Gard. Chron., 1888, ii. ps 296. 


198 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


NOVELTIES. 


GONGORA CHARLESWORTHII, Rolfe.—This is a new Gongora whi 2 
was imported some time ago by Messrs. Charlesworth, Shuttleworth, and — 
Co., of Heaton, Bradford, with whom it has flowered on more than one 
occasion. It was exhibited by them at the recent Temple Show. I-am not 
sure of its native country. It stands next to G. truncata, Lindl., a very 
rare species, which has recently reappeared in cultivation. It is named in 
honour of Mr, J. Charlesworth, one of the partners in the firm. The flow 
are nearly white, barred with a very light brownish purple of a peculi 


Shade on the sepals. Its characters are set forth in the subjoined dee 
Scription :— — 


Habit of Gongora truncata, Lindl. Leaves broadly lanceolate, plicate ; about a foot’ 
long by 21 inches broad. Scape arching, about 1j-13 feet long, 16-20-flowered. Bracts 
lanceolate, 3 lin, long. Pedicels 14 inches long. Dorsal sepal adnate to column for 
2 lines at base, limb broadly elliptical-lanceolate, acute, 7 lin. long by 4 lin. broad ; lateral i 
ones broadly thomboid-ovate, subacuminate, 9-10 lin. long by 8 lin. broad. Petals oblong, 
obliquely truncate, minutely aristate, free part 1} lin. long, with a decurrant wing to base of 
column on either side. i 
acuminate, conduplicate, side lobes oblong, directed backwards ; sides of lip with a curved 2 
keel terminating behind the crest in a slender bristle 4 lin. long ; crest consisting of a square = 
thin plate 1 lin, long. Column arcuate, clavate, 7 lin. long. | 


CATTLEYA INTERMEDIA VAR. PICTURATA, Rolfe.—A new and very pretty ; 
variety of Cattleya intermedia has just flowered in the collection of MM. — 


with bright amethyst-purple, like the front lobe. In some flowers the : 
original blush pink of the side lobes only remains as a few irregular streaks. a 
This extension of the brilliant colour of the front lobe to the very base of z 
the lip imparts to the flower a very distinctive appearance, and renders it ; 
very bright and attractive. The plant appeared in an importation made in 
1890, and flowered for the first time in 1892, when it presented the a 
peculiarities above pointed out, and these were repeated in 1893; it 1S 
evident that the character is permanent. On each occasion the variegation 
has been present on every flower in the inflorescence. Several other — 
varieties of this Species are known. The original form had the sepals and | 
petals pale amethyst-purple ; but this appears to be much rarer than 
the one in which they are white, which Lindley called variety pallida. 
This appears to be the commonest form of the species. In the variety 
Parthenia, the flower is wholly milk-white, all the brilliant colour having 4 
vanished from the front lobe of the lip. In the variety punctatissima, the 
with numerous rosy purple spots. One other 
variety prolifera; but it is an abnormal state 
of the species, with proliferous flowers, rather than a true variety. 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 199 


Brassia_ Lewisu, Rolfe.—This. pretty little Brassia flowered with 
Messrs. W. L. Lewis and Co., of Southgate, by whom it was exhibited 
at the recent Temple Show. Its exact habitat is not known; but the plants 
were purchased from a man who collected them when searching for 
Cattleyas, and who has since died. It is much like a small compact form 
of B. macrostachya, Lindl., next which it may be placed. Lindley, indeed, 
afterwards reduced this and B. pumila, Linden, to the rank of varieties of 
B. Lanceana, Lindl., which, however, leaves their acknowledged differences 
just where they were. And the present form is equally distinct. ‘It agrees 
with B. pumila in the presence of a pair of erect teeth in front of the crest, 
but its lip is not pandurate, and the colour is different. It has a compact 
raceme of about eleven flowers, whose characters are given in the technical 
description below :— 


Pseudobulb oblong, compressed, 2} in. long. Leaves linear-oblong, subacute, 5-6 
inches long, t} in. broad. Raceme a little longer than the leaves, 10-12-flowered. Bracts 
lanceolate-ovate, acute, 3 lin. long. Sepals lanceolate, caudate-acuminate, greenish 
yellow with a few small dusky-brown spots at base; the dorsal one 1}-1} in. long, 
laterals 2-3 in. long. Petals subfalcate, acuminate, }.in. long, rather more spotted than 
the sepals.. Lip ovate-elliptical, acuminate, 1 in. long, 5 lin. broad, light yellow, with 
a pair of parallel fleshy pubescent age truncate keels, which are white and marbled 
with orange on their inner sides, and a cf erect teeth in front. Column stout, light 
‘ green, 2} lin. long. This graceful little iui is dedicated to Mr. Lewis. 


ANSELLIA NILOTICA, N. E. Br., vAR. Rossiana, Rolfe.—A bright and 
pretty Ansellia has just flowered in the collection of H. J. Ross, Esq., of 
Florence, which appears to be a very light-coloured form of A. nilotica, and 
may therefore bear the above name. It is said to be from the Zambesi 
district, and at present to be rather dwarf for an Ansellia. The shape of the 
flower, including the lip with its spathulate front lobe and three keels, is 
that of the type, but the colour is primrose-yellow, and the spots smaller, 
less numerous, and lighter brown in colour. A. nilotica is from the Nile 
district, but I think this Zambesi plant must be considered as a variety of 
the same. 


ODONTOGLOSSUM X BAPHICANTHUM, Rchb. f., VAR. IMMACULATUM, Rolfe. 
—aA very pretty little Odontoglossum has flowered with Messrs. F. Sander 
and Co., of St. Albans, with primrose-yellow flowers, slightly suffused with 
rosy mauve, especially on the lateral sepals. In fact, it is just an unspotted 
form of O. x baphicanthum. It is an elegant little plant, and of course a 
form of O. x glorioso-crispum. 


L2LIA PuRPURATA, Lindl., vAR. DISCOLOR, Rolfe.—In the collection of 
W. Brown, Esq., Holly Lawn, Beech Lanes, Birmingham, is a handsome 
and quite unusual form of Lelia purpurata. The sepals are blush-white, 
and the petals beautifully veined and suffused with purple, which is brightest 


200 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


towards the apex. The contrast is very effective. The character seems 


constant, as the plant has shown the peculiarity for four years in succession, 
Since it wasoriginally imported. The lip is normal in colour. 


ODONTOGLOssUM KRAMERI ALBUM, Rolfe.—An albino of the pretty little 
Costa Rican Odontoglossum Krameri has now appeared, having just flowered 
in the Kew collection. As. the rose-purple colour has entirely vanished, 
leaving only the deep yellow crest and a small yellow area in front of the same, 


the flower, at the first glance, looks more like the allied O. CErstedii. The 


resemblance, however, is limited to colour; for the structure of the flower 
and the vegetative organs are precisely those of O. Krameri. It is a pretty 


little plant, and very interesting on account of its marked difference in 
colour. 


Neopryas Sacciana, L. Lind. et Cogn.—A new species of an interesting 
little genus closely allied to Mesospinidium. It is a native of Bolivia, and 
was sent in 1890 to Messrs. Linden, of Brussels, by Prof. Sacc, of Cocha- 
bamba, after whom it is named. The habit is like that of a small Oncidium, 
the flowers small, with the sepals and petals dull purple, and the lip orange- 
coloured.—Cogn. in Fourn. des Orch., May 15th, p. 73. 


ONCIDIUM zonaTuM, Cogn.—A Columbian species introduced by Messrs. 
Linden, L’ Horticulture Internationale, Brussels, with whom it has flowered. 
It belongs to the set with heteromorphous flowers, and is allied to O. bryolo- 
photum, Rchb.f. The sepals are white and the petals yellow, with transverse 
brown bands.—Cogn. in Fowrn. des Orch., May 15th, p. 76. 


CYMBIDIUM GRANDIFLORUM, Griff., VAR. PUNCTATUM, Cogn.—A variety in 
which the spots on the lip are smaller and more numerous than usual, and 
the sepals and petals are also spotted at the base. It appeared with Messrs. 
Linden, of Brussels.—Cogn. in Fourn. des Orch., May 15th, p. 76. 


LAZLIA TENEBROSA, MARLFIELD VARIETY. 


Many good forms of the handsome Lelia tenebrosa have recently 
flowered in various collections, but one which bears the above name iS 
specially fine. The sepals and petals are of a deep coppery purple, the 
latter three and a half inches long by nearly one and a half broad, and the 
lip three and a quarter inches long by two and a half broad. The throat is 
intense deep velvety maroon, with darker nerves, and the margin lilac- 


purple. A flower has been received from R. le Doux, Esq., of West Derbys 
Liverpool. 


Pome 


Sales Cee 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 201 


HYBRID ODONTOGLOSSUMS. 
(Continued from page 174.) 


Our last paper contained an account of the multitudinous forms of Odonto- 
glossum xX glorioso-crispum, and as a few others were discovered when too 
late, they may be included here. It is quite possible that others will yet 
come to light. 
_ In the series of coloured plates issued with the Sale Catalogues of the 
Fernside Collection in 1891 and 1893, a few forms occur which are not 
named in accordance with the preceding paper, and may therefore be men- 
tioned here, as these plates are likely to be preserved by many for future 
reference. - The plates were issued without numbers, and it is by no means 
an easy matter to find any given plant, but if the reader will number them 
consecutively from one to eight in each, he will be able to refer immediately 
to anything here cited. 

In the 1891 Catalogue may be noted :— 

“QO. hybrid,” p. 19, n. (or “ lot”) 526, t. 2, fig. §9.—A dark spotted ab with broad seg- 


ments, somewhat ee between O. * Andersonianum and O. x Ruckerianum, but 
most resembling the latte 


In the 1893 Catalogue may be found :— 

“O. Alexandree,” p. 9, n. 156, t--4, fig. 19 —A good O. x Andersonianum. 

* O. Alexandre,” p. 12, n. 221, t. 2, fig. 44.—A very remarkable form of O. x Ander- 
— with many violet spots. 

exandrz,” p. 10, n..188, t. 5, fig. 173.—A form of O, x Andersonianum. 

r O. x Andersonianum,” p.' 14, n. 293, t. 7, fig. 93.—One of the forms of O. X delto- 
glossum, which, of course, may be called O. Xx ‘A idersoneiaadi with yellow ground. 

Other forms figured in these Catalogues will be mentioned in their 
proper places. 

I now believe that O. x Scottii was wrongly included under O. glorioso- 
crispum, as I have found a second note about it, in consequence of which 
it had better be transferred to the following. The descriptions, however, are 
very meagre, and a flower of it would be very acceptable. 

ODONTOGLOSSUM X LUTEOPURPUREO-CRISPUM.—Continuing our investi- 
gation of the hybrids partly derived from Odontoglossum crispum, we 
May next consider the combination with O. Juteopurpureum. This, too, 18 
very common in cultivation, and some of the best forms occupy the premier 
position among hybrid Odontoglossums as regards beauty. It is also 
Specially interesting as te first one whose parentage was proved by direct 
experiment. 

Odontoglossum luteopurpureum is a very widely diffused and variable 
Species. It occurs both on the eastern and central Cordilleras of New 
Granada, occurring on the former from about one hundred miles south of 
Bogota to as far north as Ocana, and on the latter from Quindiu to Medellin. 


202 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


It is, however, only in the Bogota district, where its area overlaps that of 
O. crispum, that this particular hybrid occurs. In fact, almost every plant 
now in cultivation has flowered quite unexpectedly among ap of | 
the latter. 

The appearance of this hybrid dates from 1872, when a very beautifull 
Odontoglossum flowered in Lord Londesborough’s collection, and was 
named O. Denisoniz, in compliment to Lady Londesborough. It was 
awarded a First-class Certificate by the Royal Horticultural Society on 
January 17th of that year. It is recorded that it was at first thought to be 
a white variety of O. luteopurpureum. It bore a branched inflorescence 
with nineteen flowers, the ground colour white, with a few light brown 
spots on the sepals and petals, and the disc of the lip lemon-yellow. Mr. 
Denning, the gardener, afterwards stated that it flowered in an importation 
of O. crispum made by Messrs. Backhouse, of York, three years before, and 
was secured by Lord Londesborough. Mr. Denning considered it to bea 
natural hybrid between O. luteopurpureum or QO. hystrix (a variety of the 
same) and O. crispum, because the branching inflorescence, the long taper- 
ing sepals and petals, the strong growth and the general contour of the 
plant and flowers, all bore a considerable resemblance to the former, while 
the colour was almost bu of the latter. The coloured plate quite confirms 
this opinion. | 

Its next appearance was in 1880, in the collection of M. Massange de 
Louvrex, of Baillonville, near Marche, Belgium. Some plants of O. crispum, 
_imported in 1878 by Messrs. Hugh Low and Co., af Clapton, passed into 
this collection, and one on flowering proved to be quite distinct, and was 
therefore sent to Prof. Reichenbach, who named it O. x Wilckeanum, in 
honour of M. Massange’s gardener, and at the same time indicated its hybrid 
origin and parentage. This had the sepals and petals of the lightest whitish 
yellow, blotched with brown, and the lip much like that of O. crispum, but 
with some brown blotches, and an approach to QO. luteopurpureum in the 
crest. 

A second plant soon afterwards flowered’in the same collection; then it 
appeared successively with Mr. Calvert, of Wood Green, near London, 
William Lee, Esq., of Leatherhead, and the Right Hon. J. Chamberlain, of 
Highbury, near Birmingham. Mr. Lee’s plant was called variety varians, 
on account of its nearly white ground colour. Many other varieties have 
since appeared, some of which. have received distinctive varietal names, 
while a few have been described as distinct. ‘These we may now consider. 

In 1882 a plant was figured in the Gardeners’ Chronicle as Odontoglossum 
x lyroglossum, Rchb. f., but it does not represent the true plant of that 
name, as we shall hereafter see. It flowered in the collection of William 
Lee, Esq., of Leatherhead. -The flowers are bright--yellow with chestnut- 
brown blotches, and have more of the luteopurpureum. character than usual. 


- 


LHE ORCHID REVIEW. 203 


O. x Scottii was included under O. x glorioso-crispum, but probably 
belongs here, as, in a note formerly overlooked, Mr. O’Brien speaks of it 
as resembling O. x prionopetalum in its jagged petals, though the markings 
are more irregular, and the crest bears traces of O. Hallii. But O. Hallii 
grows too far away, and the crest of O. luteopurpureum is very similar. 
The flowers are heavily spotted and barred with brown on a cream-yellow 
ground. It appeared with G. F. Wilson, Esq., of Heatherbank, Wey- 
bridge, and received a First-class Certificate from the Royal Horticultural 
Society in March, 1883. 

In 1884 another form appeared, evidently of the same origin, though it 
received the name of O. x macrospilum. It was exhibited by Mr. B. S. 
Williams, of Upper Holloway, at a meeting of the Royal Horticultural 
Society on March 25th, and received a First-class Certificate. Its flowers 
were said to be like those of O. crispum, white faintly shaded with violet, 
and boldly spotted with chestnut-red. In the following year it was described 
by Reichenbach, two forms being mentioned, one with light sulphur flowers 
heavily blotched with dark cinnamon, from M. Ch. Vuylsteke, of Ghent, 
said to be original, and another from Mr. Day, which would appear to be 
Mr. Williams’s plant just mentioned. 

O. x Shuttleworthii also appeared in 1884, being exhibited by Messrs. 


Shuttleworth, Carder, and Co., of Clapham, at a meeting of the Royal Horti- 


cultural Society on April 8th, when it received a First-class Certificate. 
The flowers are whitish, heavily blotched with chocolate or warm brown. 

O. X prionopetalum, which was briefly described in 1885, has probably 
the same origin. It appeared in the collection of Sir Trevor Lawrence, 
Bart., of Burford, Dorking. It has primrose flowers heavily barred with 


' bright chestnut, the shape much like O. crispum, and with jagged petals. 


Traces of O. triumphans are spoken of, but this must be a mere accidental 
resemblance, as the two grow in different regions. i 

O. x Smeeanum appeared in the collection of A. H. Smee, Esgq., of 
Carshalton, and has a rather curious history, which is related by Mr. Smee. 
In 1886 it was purchased from Messrs. F. Sander and Co., of St. Albans, as 
new. ‘A flower was sent to Prof. Reichenbach to be named, and he called 
it O. x Marriottianum. Under this name it was exhibited at one of the 
Royal Horticultural Society’s meetings, when the name was challenged by 
Mr. Pollett and Mr. Marriott. 1 again sent a flower to Prof. Reichenbach, 
who then called it O. x Wilckeanum; Mr. Veitch called it O. x Wilcke- 
anum variety; Mr. O’Brien called it O. x Marriottianum ; and this year 
Mr. Rolfe has called it O. x Andersonianum variety.”* This alone would 


indicate the difficulty of determining some of these intermediate forms, were ~ 


The comparison was made with Floral Magazine, n. S., t. 45, which shows the flowers 


fully 32 inches across, and the petals nine to ten lines broad, such a form of O. x Ander- 


sonianum as I think I have never seen. It is a case of mistaken identity, nevertheless. 


204 FHE ORCHID REVIEW. 


no other evidence forthcoming. But it is now clear that O. x Smeeanum— 
is a form of the present hybrid, with a white ground and deep red-brown 
blotches. O. x Marriottianum is an Ecuadorean hybrid, and though no 4 
from description only is evidently different. : 

O. x Leroyanum is a most interesting plant, being the first nybell 
Odontoglossum raised artificially, or at all events the first that reached the — 
flowering stage. It was raised- by M. Leroy, in the collection of Baron 
Edmond de Rothschild, of Armainvilliers, near Paris, from O. crispum 3 and 
O. luteopurpureum gf. It flowered in May, 1890, when five and a half years 
old. _ The ground colour of the flowers is white, the blotches on the sepals 
and petals reddish purple, very large, and nearly confluent. That it proves 
the parentage of the series of hybrids we are now considering is certain; it 
has all the essential characteristics, though it may not be absolutely identical 
with any of them in a florist’s sense. But scarcely any two are ever —_ 
alike. 

- O. x Claesianum appeared with Messrs. Linden, of Brussels, in +838 
and has broad — and petals, heavily blotched with red-brown on a white — 
ground. ; 


i es _ 


si beets 


aaa 


OQ. x Bergmani also apoavels in 1891, in the collection under the charge 
of M. F. Bergman, at Ferriéres-en-Brie, near Paris. It has much of © 
the O. luteopurpureum shape, but a white ground, blotched with cinnamon- 
brown. a 

With respect to the acknowledged varieties of O. x Wilckeanum not ; 
mentioned above, we have only space to say a few words. The variety 
albens has a white ground with chestnut-brown spots, and is nearest O. 
crispum in shape. O. x W. elegans has longer and narrower segments, of — 
primrose colour, with a very few spots, which are chiefly confined to the @ 
sepals. Godefroy is very heavily blotched with violet- -purple.on a light — 
ground. The one called pallens has the luteopurpureum shape, toothed — 
petals, and a whitish ground with large brown blotches. Rothschildianum — 
is a superb form with the crispum shape, a light yellow ground and large — 
red-brown blotches. The variety sulphureum has primrose, almost um 
spotted flowers of intermediate shape. Lastly, the one called varians 
chiefly differs from the original form in having a white ground. re 

In the Fernside Catalogues mentioned at the head of this article, several — 
forms of the present hybrid occur under other names, which belong here. 

In the 1891 Catalogue we may note :— 


_ : 


ere 


“ O. crispum flaveolum,” Pp. 19, n. 498, t. 1, fig. 13.—This is very near O. X W ilckeanum 
elegans and O. x W. sulphureum, having tetetst segments of primrose colour with a 
ssn on the sepals only, and the chevaibanielc crest. 

O. Alexandre bickleyense,” p. 6, n. 99, t. 5, fig. 101 (also “O. x bickleyense,” P- 18, 
n. i -—A fine form of O. x Wilckeanum with cinnamon-brown spots on a nearly white 
n 


Without name, t. 3, fig. 99.—This is another form of O. x Wilckeanum with white 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 205 


ground and cinnamon-brown blotches. Its number appears ‘not to be indicated in the 
Catalogue. 


In the 1893 Catalogue occur :— 


“QO. Alexandre,” p. to, ‘n. 179, t. 2, fig. —A form very near to O. x secon 
sulphureum or O. X W. elegans, itt ae -coloured ‘flowers and one or two brow 
spots on the sepals. 

“QO, Alexandre,” p. Io, n. hes t. 5, fig. 177.—A small O. X Wilckeanum with light 
yellow Roweks and cinnamon spot 

“O. X bickleyense,” p. 11, n. oy, t. 6, fig. 58.—See O. Alexandre bickleyense, above. 


It is highly probable that some of the so-called varieties of O. crispum (or 
Alexandre) in other collections are really forms of the present hybrid, as I 
have found them so labelled on several occasions. Errors of this kind 
should be rectified as soon as discovered, as no hybrid can possibly be 
considered as a variety of either parent. 

Considering the present hybrid as a whole, it is remarkable what a wide 
range of variation it presents. Just as in the case of O. x glorioso-crispum, 
there appears to be almost every possible combination of the characters of 
the two parent species. The robust habit, branched inflorescence, and more 
elongated segments of O. luteopurpureum may be combined with the white 
ground of O. crispum, and with the heavy spotting of the former, or almost 
without spots, as in so many forms of the latter. Or the compact habit of 
O. crispum may be coupled with.the yellow colour and brown blotches of 
the other parent, while all kinds of intermediate forms occur, both in shape 
and colour. It is now quite certain that this hybrid is more By morphic 
and polychromic than is generally supposed. 

The following is a list of its various forms, with references to published 
descriptions and figures. It is pretty extensive, but we dare not hope it is 
complete :— 

_ Odontoglossum xX Denisoniz, Denning, F7. AZag., n. s., 1872, t. 26. 
X Wilckeanum, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron., 1880, i. p. 298; 1884, i. p. 640, fig. 122; 
1885, ii. p 205, fig. 43 ; 1886, i. p. 76, fig. 14; Warn. Sel. Orch., ser. 3, t. 23; Veitch. Mam 
Orch., i. p. 78, with fig. eee 

Var. albens, Rchb. f., ee 1885, p. 132, fig. 2; Léudenia, i. p.75, t. 35 ; O’Brien 
in Gard. Chron., 1886, i. 

Var. elegans, Rolfe in ob nile Review, i. p. 135- 

Var. Godefroyzx, O’Brien in Gard. Chron., 1886, i. P- 76. 

Var. Leroyanum, Rolfe in Reichenbachia, ser. 2, i. Pp. 47 ; also p. 77, t. 37- Odonto- 
glossum X Leroyanum, Castle in Gard. Chron., 1890, i. p. 704 ; Orchidophite, 1891, p. 112, 
with plate. 

Var. lyroglossum, Gane: in Gard. Chron., 1886, i. pp. 76, 77, fig. 15. O. lyroglossum, 

Hort., Gard. Chron., 1882, i. p. 632, fig. 97, ‘alzo supplementary plate (not of Rchb. f.) ; 
Will. Orch. Gr. Mam. ed. 6, pp. 449, 450, with 

Var. pallens, Rchb. f. ex. Orchid Album, v., t. 201 ; —— in Gard, Chron., 1886, i. 
p. 76. 

Var. Rothschildianum, Sander ex Rolfe in Reichenbachia, ser. 2,i.p.47, t. 23, 0, crspum 
Rothschildianum, Hort., Gard. Chron., 1890, i. p. 684 (in note). 

ar. eeanum, Rolfe. O. X Smeeanum, Hort., Gardening. . World, ie p- 6526. oO. 
Marriottianum (?) Smee, /.c., 1889, p. 677, with fig. 


206 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


Var. sulphureum, Rehb. f. in Gard. Chron., 1884, i: p. 306. 
Var. varians, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron., 1881, i. p. 330. 
O, X Bergmanii, L. Lind. in Lindenza, vi. p. 95, t. 286. 
O. X Claesianum, L. Lind. in Lindenia, vi. p. 65, t. 271. ~ 
- X macrospilum, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron., 1885, ii. p. 70; O’Brien, /.c., p. 620 
Orchidophile, 1885, p. 132, fig. 9. - 
O. X prionopetalum, O’Brien in Gard. Chron., 1885, ii. p. 620. | ‘ ; 
O. X Scottii, Hort., Gard. Chron., 1883, i. p. 222 ; O’Brien, Z.c., 1885, ii. p. 620. ; 
Odontoglossum X Shuttleworthii, Hort., Gard. Chron., 1884, i. p. 490; O’Brien, Le. — 
1885, ii. p. 620. 
R. A. ie 


(To be continued.) 


MASDEVALLIA CHIMZERA VAR. VANNERIANA. 


At last we have a seedling Masdevallia of the section Saccolabiate, 
though it is a little doubtful whether, strictly speaking, it can be called a 
hybrid. It was obtained in the collection of W. Vanner, Esq., Camden 
Wood, Chislehurst (gr. Mr. W. H. Robbins) from Masdevallia Chimera _ 
var. Wallisii crossed with the pollen of M. C. var. Roezlii. Both these, 
with several others, were originally described as distinct species, but so 
many intermediate forms have since appeared that the differences originally — 
relied on have been obliterated, and as no new ones have yet been dis- 
covered, all have been reduced as varieties of one very polymorphic species, — 
the original M. Chimera. We must therefore consider our new seedling as 
a variety also, for which the above name is proposed. It has the general 
shape of the first named, the sepals ovate, very hairy, an inch and a 
half long, and the tails as much longer. The ground colour is very 
light, almost pale drab, and covered with. numerous dull liver-coloured — 
spots, which are somewhat confluent towards the margins. The whitish 
hairs are reduced to papille on the disc of the sepals. The lip is’ 
pale flesh-coloured. It is intermediate in character between the two é 
parents. The lip, petals, and column are too similar in the different — 
varieties of M. Chimera to enable any distinctive characters in these © 
organs to be traced. Experiments have shown that it is a very difficult — 
matter to effect a cross between the species of the section Saccolabiate — 
with the brilliantly-coloured species of the section Coccinee, though it 
would be rash at present to affirm its impossibility. Could the cross” 
be effected, something remarkable would probably result. But it would 
be an interesting matter to cross the best forms of M. Chimera on to the 


flowers. And the cross with M. bella, M. Carderi and M. Chesterton 
might also be tried, as it is probable that the same difficulties would not 
be found in crossing the species belonging to the same section, and some 
interesting forms would be sure to result. 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 207 


EULOPHIELLA ELISABETH. 


A LITTLE over a year ago this remarkable plant flowered in Europe for the 
first time, in the houses of Messrs. Linden, L’Horticulture Internationale, 
Brussels, and on careful examination it proved to be quite distinct from any- 
thing hitherto known, and a new genus was created for its reception. Asin the 
case of other striking plants, nothing was divulged with regard to its habitat, 
though information on this, and other points, has now come to hand, which 
enables me to add another chapter to its history. This information comes 
from another source, which, however, is a matter of secondary importance, 
for the discovery and introduction of a species, though interesting, is only 
one phase ofits history. Messrs. F. Sander and Co., of St. Albans, have now 
received a batch of plants from M. L. Hamelin, a French gentleman resident 
in Madagascar, who is said to have been the original discoverer of the 
species. From an examination of some of the plants from this importation, 
including scapes, leaves, and the very characteristic stems, densely clothed 
with the fibrous persistent remains of the old leaves, it is quite certain that 
the species is not terrestrial, as I formerly inferred. In fact, the roots are 
clinging to the remains of fern-stems, on which they have certainly grown. 
It is therefore evident that the plant really grows on tree-ferns, of which 
about thirty species, mostly Cyatheas, grow in Madagascar. M. Hamelin 
States that it grows on one species of tree, and in popular language tree- 
ferns come sufficiently under this definition. The point is an important one, 
because those who obtain plants will want to know how to cultivate them. 
It is now evident that the Eulophiella Elisabethe climbs something in 
the same way as does Zygopetalum maxillare, and one or two of its allies. 
The stems or pseudobulbs have numerous annular rings, each bearing a 
leaf, which on decaying leaves a ring of persistent fibres. The leaves are 
linear-lanceolate, and plicate, those measured being four feet long and two 
inches broad. The scapes measured two anda half feet long, and showed 
the scars of forty flowers, which are borne in a raceme. The scape and 
bracts are of a peculiar lurid or vinous purple, and the back of the sepals is 
also stained with the same colour. The rest of the flower is white, except 
the disc of the front lobe of the lip which is bright yellow, and on it are 
. several short, bristle-like processes directed forwards. The flower is nearly 
circular, by reason of the broad, obtuse sepals and petals. The lip is 
delicately articulated to the short foot of the column, and moves up and 
down with the slightest touch. The crest is rather peculiar. Near the 
base of the lip is a rather large erect fleshy callus, semi-circular in shape, 
slightly crenulate in front, and deep orange in colour. From this extend a 
Pair of slightly diverging white erect keels each terminating in a free tooth 
tipped with orange. The extreme base of the lip is orange-yellow, but there 
is not the slightest trace of spur or sac. 


ag THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


The plant is somewhat anomalous in structure, and its affinities are 


rather obscure. The fact is, it is not very near to anything. The presence 
of a foot to the column excludes it from Cymbidiez, and the absence of a 


spur or sac, from Eulophiez. Thus it comes in Cyrtopodiez, but is like © 


nothing at present known, though in the crest it bears a certain resemblance | 
to Zygopetalum and Aganisia. Further light may hereafter be thrown on 
this point. Individually, the flowers recall a small white form of Odonto- 
glossum Pescatorei as much as anything else. This handsome species is” 
dedicated to Elisabeth, Queen of Roumania, well-known in literary circles 
under her adopted name of “‘ Carmen Sylva.” The generic name serves to 
commemorate the pretty little crest, and at the same time to indicate a 
certain resemblance i in habit to Eulophia. 
Eulophiella, Rolfe in Lindenia, Engl. ed., III. p. 29. ss 
E. Elisabethz, L, Lind. and Rolfe, Z.c., t. 325. : 
R. A. Kes 


BRASSIA BIDENS. 

_ By degrees, Satliaps: we may be able to get this exceptionally: difficult 
genus into something like order, as the materials come to hand. At At all 
events the clearing up of the confusion in the history of any species Is a5 
step in the right direction, and we may therefore place the following facts 
on record. Brassia bidens was described by Lindley from the collection of | 
Mr. R. Harrison, in 1837, the native country being unknown. It was said 
to be most allied to B. caudata. Afterwards Lindley added a quite distinct 
plant, Kegel, n. 694 (mis-spelt Regel), and gave the country as Brazil, 
though Kegel’s plants are known to be from Guiana. And still more | 
remarkable, he placed it in the group with a smooth lip; while his own dried 
type specimen is densely verrucose. In 1840, Sir William Hooker figured 
Brassia Lanceana var. viridiflora, from a specimen which flowered in the 


collection of C. S. Parker, Esq., of Annesley, near Liverpool, in September, _ : 
1839, and which had been obtained from Demarara. He remarks that some 


would consider it a new species, but experience had taught him that no sé 
of plants were so liable to vary under cultivation as Orchids. This, too, 18 
B. bidens. The species really belongs to the section with a verrucose lip, 
and is nearly allied to the Central American B. verrucosa. Other specimens 
have appeared from Guiana, which is certainly its native country. The 
flowers are green, the sepals and petals with large brown blotches, and the 
lip spotted with the same colour. As the species is in cultivation again | it 
is advisable to clear up this little nest of blunders. 
ae bidens, Lind. Bot. Reg., xxx. (1844), Misc., p. 6; Lindl. Fol. Orch, Brassity” 

- 3 (in 
: a Linceans vr viridiflora, Hook. Boz. Mag., Ixvi. (1840), t. 3794. 
ncidium biden oe 
s, Rehb, f. in Walp. _Ann., vi. p. 769 (in part). R. As Re 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 209 


NOTES ON ORCHIDS IN THE JUNGLE. 
By MAJOR-GENERAL E, S. BERKELEY. 
(Continued from page 164.) 


AT this season of the year when the summer-flowering Phalanopses are 
generally in bloom, or pushing flower-spikes, in the Orchid houses in 
England, an account of the mode of growth of some of them in their 
native homes may be of special interest. 

The growth of the summer-flowering species in the jungle is very 
luxuriant, and they grow together in great quantities, so that the collector, 
if he finds one plant, has no difficulty in getting plenty, as when once found 
they are abundant within a small area. 

With one or two exceptions, most of them may be found in flower during 
the early rains in May, and they continue in bloom until the heavy rains 
set in, when active leaf growth commences, and all the strength of the 
plant goes to making up new leaves and filling the seed pods, as many of 
the plants seed freely in their wild state. 

Although this particular section of Phalenopsis, known as Stauroglottis, 
is not so grand as the Euphalenopsis division, yet as seen in their native 
homes they are truly effective, from the great profusion in which their 
flower-spikes are produced. In our English Orchid houses they are easier 
of cultivation than the winter-flowering species, and are useful plants for 
the Phalznopsis house, coming into bloom when the others are past. 
Although growing in the summer in an atmosphere laden with moisture, 
and requiring a damp house to grow in, these plants do not like steam 
rising from water through which a pipe is passed. But plenty of water 
in the atmosphere may be given by damping the staging and flcors, at the 
Same time maintaining a free circulation of air; and the whole of the 
Stauroglottis section are good doers. 

In giving a description of a few plants of this section, and the conditions 
under which they grow in their native homes, it must be borne in mind that 
a large portion of the enormous moisture these plants are surrounded by 
in nature is quickly absorbed by the air. It never stagnates, as in our 
Orchid houses at home, which is at the root of all our difficulties in 
growing these plants. 

Phalznopsis tetraspis is a plant specially worth noting. We have 
not yet in England seen large plants of it, as, unfortunately, the large 
plants will not travel, and only the small ones reach England alive. But 
it is a truly beautiful plant in its native home. I myself saw in the South 
Andaman a plant which was many years old, the main plant bearing 
€normous leaves, quite three feet long. This plant had a progeny of 
children growing on the old flower-stems, and these plants again had 

14 


210 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


produced other flower-stems, which were also bearing plants. The wh 
plant was a mass of bloom, the original plant, the children, and the gra 
children, all blooming at one and the same time. There were certainly 


down over the waters, which are tidal. When the tide retires and 
mud is exposed, there is a considerable effluvia raised. The leaves of the 


the Great Nicobar. I quite expected to find it on the large island itself, 
but failed to do so. Indeed, in the Great Nicobar I failed to finda single 
Phalenopsis or any other Orchid of consequence, the Order in this place — 
being represented by plants with miserable flowers, only of interest to the 

botanist, but which I sent specimens of to Professor Reichenbach. Ey 
once measured a flower-spike of this Phalznopsis six feet in length. It isa _ 
plant that has grand branching spikes in its native home, and varies very 
much in the colour of the flowers. [ have seen plants of it of the deepest 
purple, and others white with only a few purple streaks in the sepals. 


(Zo be continued.) 


THE HYBRIDIST. 

MASDEVALLIA x RUSHTONIL. 
SOME considerable time ago Captain Hincks, of Terrace House, Richmon 
Yorkshire, took in hand the hybridising of Masdevallias, and his experi 
ments have been attended with great success. First came M. x Hincksiana 
derived from M. tovarensis ¢ and M. ignea 3, then M. x Stella, from M- © 
Estrada ? and M. Harryana ¢, and thirdly M. x Cassiope, from M. tria 
laris ? and M. Harryana 9. And now two other very charming little hybrids 
have flowered in his collection, one being the subject of the present note. ip 
was obtained by crossing Masdevallia ignea var. Eckhardii with the pollet 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 211 


of M. racemosa var. Crossii, and is intermediate in shape, with the brilliant 
scarlet colour of the two parents. The scape is two-flowered. The perianth 
tube is 7 lines long, and the lateral sepals an inch long by 6} lines broad, 
with very short tails. The dorsal sepal is triangular, 4 lines long, and the 
slender tail 7 lines long. The colour is brilliant scarlet with darker nerves. 
The petals are white with a little yellow on the lower margin, and the lip 
white, faintly suffused with violet at the base and yellow at the tip. This 
brilliant hybrid is dedicated to Mr. Rushton, Captain Hincks’ able gardener. 


MASDEVALLIA X VEITCHIANO-ESTRAD&. 

This is another brilliant hybrid, like the preceding, raised by Captain 
Hincks. Its parentage is indicated by its name, M. Estrade being the seed 
parent. It is almost identical with M. caudata (Shuttleworthii) in shape 
and size, but the colour is a brilliant orange-buff, with minute iridescent 
violet hairs on the dorsal sepal. The perianth tube is 3} lines long, the 
lateral sepals ovate, and the dorsal one elliptical-obovate, concave ; each g 
lines long by 6 broad, with the tails 1} inches long. The petals are white, 
and the lip densely and minutely spotted with violet-purple on a white 
ground, and tipped with blackish-purple. Thus it will be seen to have the 
general shape of M. Estradz, but considerably enlarged and very strongly 
suffused with the brilliant colour of M. Veitchiana, the pollen parent, whose 
iridescent hairs are also present, though much reduced in size. It is a 
very charming little plant, 


DENDROBIUM X ROEBLINGIANUM. 

This is a distinct and beautiful hybrid which has been raised by Messrs. 
Pitcher and Manda, of the United States Nurseries, Short Hills, New 
Jersey, U.S.A., from D. Ruckeri crossed with the pollen of D. nobile, and 
dedicated to C. G. Roebling, Esq., of Trenton, in the same state, an ardent 
amateur of Orchids. The stems are long and thin, the leaves lanceolate, 
and the flowers produced in pairs on the ripened bulb. The flowers are 
medium-sized and well proportioned. The sepals and petals are slightly 
incurved and undulated; the colour French white slightly shaded with purple. 
The lip is large, rounded, reflexed, and undulated; the colour French white 
with the interior beautifully striped with bright purple on a white ground, 
while similar lines extend through a yellow blotch on the disc, which 
lightens up the surrounding colours. It is a very interesting hybrid. 


CYPRIPEDIUM X MADAME GIBEZ. 
This is a hybrid between C. venustum and C. villosum, and thus would 
appear to be a variety of C. x Measuresianum, but it is said to be superior 
to anything else derived from the same cross. The flower is said to be large, 


212 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


and of an uniform golden yellow, inclining to brown towards the centre 
the segments.—Orchidophile, March, p. 67. 


DENDROBIUM X CHELTENHAMENSE. a 

A hybrid raised by Mr. J. Cypher, of Cheltenham, between D. luteolum — 
and D. aureum, said to have flowers exactly intermediate between the two, 
and to be a great improvement upon D. luteolum in size and colour— 
Gower in The Garden, May 13th, p. 389. 


DIsA X KEWENSIS. 

This is a very elegant hybrid, raised at Kew, it is said from D. grandi- 
flora crossed with the pollen of D. tripetaloides. It bears a considerable — 
resemblance to D. x Veitchii, but the flowers are smaller, and the rose- 
pink dorsal sepal is spotted with red, indicating the influence of the pollen 
parent. The lateral sepals are also rose-pink, and the petals yellow wi 
transverse maroon-crimson spots. The seed was sown in November, 189 
and one of the plants flowered last May, when only eighteen months ol 
There are many other seedlings from this and other crosses made at t 
Same time, but only one has at present flowered.—Watson in Gardene 
Chronicle, May 27th, p. 625. 


CYPRIPEDIUM X CORBEILLENSE. 
This is described as a floriferous and beautiful hybrid derived from 
Cypripedium Bullenianum and C. insigne, in the collection of M. Paul 
Darblay. It is not stated which was the seed parent. The cross was — 
effected in December, 1886, and the seed sown eleven months later. It — 
flowered in October, 1892, when nearly five years old, presenting the usual 
combination of characters derived from the two parents. It appears to be 
the first hybrid derived from C. Bullenianum.—C. Maron in Revue Hort 
June Ist, p. 250. 
CYPRIPEDIUM x SYLVIA. 
A hybrid, raised in the collection of C. Winn, Esq., The Uplands, * 
Hill, Birmingham, from Cypripedium Curtisii and C. Lawrenceanum, the 
latter presumably the pollen parent. The foliage is said to be like tha’ 
some forms of C. Lawrenceanum, and the flower just intermediate betwee? 
those of the two parents, the dorsal sepal closely lined, and the peta 
thickly spotted. The reverse cross is said to be known as C. x Gowé 
num.-——O’Brien in Gardeners’ Chronicle, June roth, p. 682. 


L#LIA X OWENIANA. 
A hybrid, raised by Messrs. F. Sander and Co., of St. Albans, f 
Lelia pumila Dayana ? and L. xanthina 2, which received an Awa 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 213 


Merit from the Royal Horticultural Society on August gth, 1892, and now 
flowering for the second time. The sepals and petals are white changing to 
cream-colour, and the lip purplish-crimson, with a lilac blotch at the tip and 
a chrome-yellow base. It is a very pretty and floriferous little plant— 
O’Brien in Gardeners’ Chronicle, June roth, p. 682. 


LA&LIO-CATTLEYA X MAYNARDII. 

A brightly coloured and very attractive little hybrid raised by Mr. May- 
nard in the establishment of Messrs. F. Sander and Co., St. Albans, between 
Lelia pumila Dayana? and Cattleya dolosa f. It was awarded a Silver- 
gilt Flora Medal by the Royal Horticultural Society, on June 6th last, for 
the best hybrid Orchid not exhibited previous to January Ist of the present 
year. It is quite intermediate in character. The first and third pseudo- 
bulbs are one-leaved, as in the mother plant, and the second and fourth two- 
leaved, as in the pollen parent. It has also the dwarf habit of the former, 
but the flower is much larger and the lip more expanded and not enfolding 
the column, as in the Cattleya. The sepals and petals are rosy lilac, and the 
lip dark purple-crimson in front, but paler behind, and nearly white along 
the disc. The column is white and the anther cap purple. It is a neat and 
elegant little plant.—Gardeners’ Chronicle, June 17th, p. 715, fig. 108. 


OBITUARY. 


WE regret to hear of the death, after a long illness, of John C. Bowring, 
Esq., of Forest Farm, Windsor Forest, which took place on June 2oth, at | 
the age of 72 years. Mr. Bowring was well known as a cultivator of 
Orchids, and one who specially turned his attention to their hybridisation. 
As long ago as 1876 his first hybrid, Selenipedium x stenophyllum, flowered, 
and this was followed by S. x conchiferum, Cypripedium x gemmiferum, 
and Anguloa x media, the first hybrid in the genus, in 1881, and Cypri- 
pedium x amandum in 1884. C. x concinnum, C. x regale, and C. x 
Sallieri Hyeanum were also raised by him. Our own columns furnish 
evidence of his work, in Cypripedium x Leda (p. 114) and C. x Paulii (p. 
147), and a letter from him shows that his interest in the work was main- 
tained up to the last. Cypripedium purpuratum seems to have been a 
favourite with him, as it was one parent of C. x gemmiferum, C. x con- 
cinnum, and C. x regale, and the only two-flowered scape of it which we 
have seen was from his collection. This he considered very exceptional, 
for he remarked that among the hundreds he had seen in its native home in 
Hong Kong he had never seen such an example. Mr. Bowring was the 
eldest son of the late Sir John Bowring, formerly H.M.’s Plenipotentiary in 
China. . 


214 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


THE PHENOMENAL SEASON. 


WE have received the following interesting letter from an esteemed cor 
spondent :— 
BRIDGE HALL, Bury, LANCASHIRE. 
Fune 18th, 1893. 


To the Editor of the ORCHID REVIEW. 


Dear Sir,—Thinking it may be of interest to some of your readers, 
jot down the various temperatures (time 2 p.m.) in all my Orchid houses— 
viz. :— i. 


East Indian—south aspect—go° Fahr. 
-Cattleya—south aspect—85° Fahr. 
Oncidium—south aspect—81° Fahr. 
Cypripedium—east aspect—8¥4° Fahr. . 
Odontoglossum—east and west aspect (spans)—85°, 85°, 80°, 85° 80° 
Fahr. | 
Out of doors—north aspect—8g° Fahr. 


All these temperatures have been registered, in spite of double blin 
on cool houses and Cypripedium house, and partial double blinds on all the — 
others. | 

' Air has been admitted to the fullest possible extent by opening doots 
and all ventilators, bottom and top; the atmospheres have been kept moist 
by continually damping the floors, and all cool, as well as some of the oth 
Orchids (not including Cattleyas) have been syringed twice during the 
morning. 

Up to now, in spite of our tropical weather, my Orchids have ne\ 
looked healthier, or grown so well. 

Yours truly, | 
O. O. WRIGLEY. 


[Other correspondents have also spoken of the excellent growths made by 
their Orchids during this exceptional season. It is very certain that 
plants succeed better with sun-heat than when the temperatures have. 


the day can always be prevented by judicious shading. In the PI 
instance it will be observed that by this means, good ventilation, and 
continual damping down, the temperature in the houses was conside 
lower than that outside. We hope other correspondents will favour | 
with similar interesting communications, on this and other matters.— y 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 215 


ODONTOGLOSSUM GALEOTTIANUM. 

This very rare Odontoglossum has appeared on several occasions among 
importations of O. Cervantesti, which is rather curious, seeing that it is 
evidently a good species and not a hybrid. It is nearly allied to O. 
nebulosum, but the flowers are pure white, with a very few brown spots 
near the base of the petals, and a long white callus to the lip covered with 
yellow streaks. It has been suggested to be a natural hybrid between the 
two species just named, both by Reichenbach and others, but this is clearly 
incorrect, for the column has invariably a pair of long subulate-linear 
teeth not met with in any other. A plant of it has now flowered in the 
collection of C. Young, Esq., Royston Gardens, Richmond. It is a very 
pretty little plant, and apparently very rare in a wild state. Galeotti, the 
original discoverer, found it near Oaxaca, growing on oaks at 7-8,000 feet 
elevation. 

Odontoglossum Galeottianum, A. Rich. in Azn. Sc. Nat., ser. 3, iii. p. 27 ; Lindl. Fol. 
Orch., Odont., p.9; Rehb. f. in Gard. Chron., 1870, p. 393 id., 1874, i, p. 973 Rolfe, /c., 
1890, ii., p. II. 


CALENDAR OF OPERATIONS FOR JULY. 
By W. H. Wuire, Burford, Dorking. 


Ow1nc to the immense quantity of Orchids now annually imported, greater 
facilities for obtaining these plants than in former years has induced many 
new growers to commence their cultivation, and to such a few hints on 
their management may prove acceptable. Notwithstanding the severe 
ordeal which the plants have to pass through from the time they are 
collected until they arrive in this country, they are, generally speaking, 
easy to establish; a fact which is due to the care taken by the collectors 
to gather them in the proper season, and to careful packing, besides which, 
owing to the greatly improved steamship service, the transit \from their 
native habitats is decidedly quicker than in olden times. One thing may 
be justly said in favour.of imported plants, that, although they have been 
- considerably weakened by losing a nurhber of leaves and roots, they are of 
healthy constitution; also they create great expectations from the buyers 
as regards variety. 

To be successful in establishing imported Orchids, much depends upon 
good judgment and discretion on the part of the cultivator. First cut away 
all dead roots, &c., and carefully sponge all bulbs and leaves, so as to 
thoroughly cleanse them from dirt and insects. Instead of immediately 
placing the plants into their growing quarters, it is advisable to keep them 
for a few days in a cooler and drier atmosphere, asif the plants be subjected 


216 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


to a temperature that excites them before proper reaction sets in, the 
sequences are that they lose their foliage before the young roots appear. 

With regard to plants which have no pseudobulbs, such as Aérid 
Saccolabiums, Vandas, Angrzcums, and Phaleznopses, these should | 
suspended head downwards, and slightly syringed two or three times a da 
until their leaves have absorbed enough moisture to plump them, and 
stems commence to send forth their succulent roots. After which they m 
be potted into as small pots or baskets as possible, and gradually inur 
into houses where plants of the same species are growing well. Until 
pots become full of roots the plants should be protected from bright suns 
independently of the other inmates. A thin piece of tiffany or a sheet of 
tissue paper will answer this purpose. - 

Newly imported plants of those already mentioned frequently send 
flower spikes, which should be pinched off, and the plants not allowed 
bloom until they are thoroughly well established, as nothing tends so m 
to weaken and throw them into 4 state of bad health as early flowering. 

Cypripediums, Cattleyas, and Leelias of the elegans type may be po 
immediately on being placed into the hands of the cultivator, using 


used is not enough to steady them. ‘This is very important, because if th 
plants are allowed to Sway about every time they are moved they will nev 


Leelias of the anceps type require nothing in the way of potting mate 
at first, but should be placed in pots filled with broken pieces of crock. - 
water should be allowed to touch the bulbs or rhizomes, or they may 
In order to induce the plants to send out fresh roots, keep the atmosphe! 
Surrounding them moist, and pour water two or three times a week throug 
the crocks. Immediately the young roots show signs of pushing the plant 
should at once be potted. 

Odontoglossums and Masdevallias may also be potted up when recet\ 
using a thin layer of peat and moss on the surface, packed tight enoug! 
Steady each plant. After the first growth is formed they should then 
once be transferred to larger pots. 


In watering newly imported plants great care must be taken not to 0 


The great point to be aimed is to bt 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 217 


Amongst the most important Orchids recently introduced may be men- 
tioned the beautiful Dendrobium Phalznopsis. It is decidedly a grand 
acquisition to the Dendrobium family, and no collection can be said to be 
complete without one or more plants. After repeated trials, it has been 
found to be of easy culture, and very floriferous. When shown at one of 
the Royal Horticultural Society's meetings last year it was a sight not 
easily forgotten, as the variation in the colour of the flowers from almost 
white to the richest crimson-purple, and the whole grouped together, it was 
a perfect picture of loveliness. The newly imported plants should be at once 
potted into clean pots, as previously advised for Dendrobiums on page 121. 

Two handsome plants now in bloom are Grammangis Ellisii and 
Grammatophyllum Fenzlianum var. Measuresianum. The former is still 
rare in collections, owing probably to the difficulty: of getting the plants 
home alive. The latter is more easily obtainable, having a robust constitu- 
tion, which enables it to better withstand the long journey home. Both 
Orchids require the East Indian temperature to grow in, and should have 
every encouragement given them as regards heat, light, and moisture, 
especially when in full growth. Basket culture is most suitable, with but 
very little material to grow in, as the roots prefer being in the air rather 
than remaining in the compost. 

A rare and pretty little Orchid, not often seen in bloom, is the scarlet 
Hexisia bidentata, which may well be compared to Lelia cinnabarina as 
regards colour, but the individual flowers are much smaller. These are 
produced in threes on upright growths about six inches in length. When 
seen, as here, with three dozen flowers open, it makes a charming little 
Specimen. It proves itself to be a plant of easy culture, flowers freely, and 
lasts a long time in perfection. It should be grown in the Cattleya house, 
hanging up close to the roof glass, in small well-drained shallow pans. The 
ordinary peat and moss will suit its requirements admirably. 
~ In the East Indian house will be found some plants that have done 
flowering, as Cypripedium Stonei, C. Rothschildianum, C. Lawrenceanum, ~ 
C. Curtisii, C. Sanderianum, C. x Swanianum, C. barbatum, &c. These 
commence to grow very soon after the flowering period is over, so that if 
any require more pot room or fresh compost the matter should be attended 
to without delay. 

The dwarf growing Cypripedium niveum, C. concolor, C. bellatulum and 
C. Godefroy are amongst the general favourites, especially to hybridists, 
who have succeeded in raising several beautiful hybrids from them. Many 
Srowers find this section more difficult to manage than the majority of 
Cypripediums. All of them luxuriate in a hot, moist atmosphere, choosing 
the lightest position in the East Indian house, where they may be but thinly 
Shaded at all times. The pan or pots used must be well drained, placing 
over the crocks a thin layer of moss, to secure the drainage. It is not 


218 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


necessary to elevate the plants above the rim of the pot, as if kept ab 
level with it they will do equally well. Allow plenty of root room, and 


with lumps of chalk or limestone about the size of a pigeon’s egg, anda sn 
quantity of sphagnum moss. Where chalk is not easily procurable, th 


it contains something essential to their welfare. 

All the above species require a plentiful supply of water at all times, and 
especially during the growing season. Instead of watering them in the 
usual way with the can, we always stand them in a pail of water, just 
covering the rim of the pot, and allowing them to remain for several minutes 
to ensure a thorough soaking. Thrips are very fond of the young foliage of 
these plants, and must be sought after frequently. In sponging the leaves — 
great care must be taken not to raise them more than is really necessary, of 
they will certainly crack, greatly to the disfigurement of the plants. 

The hot, almost tropical, sunshine during the present season has been — 
all that could be desired for the successful blooming of the grand Cattleya 
gigas, and its free-flowering variety Sanderiana. About a week or ten days . 
after it has passed out of flower is the best time to re-pot, or to give fresh 
material to those that require it, as at this time the newly-made growth will | 
be fast pushing a number of fresh roots from their base—in fact, C. gigas 
makes more roots immediately after the flowering period than at any other 
time of the year. After re-potting, the plants should be stood at the coolest 
end of the Cattleya, or intermediate house, where they may obtain sufficient ; 
light and air to thoroughly harden and consolidate their newly-made bu 
Only sufficient water must be given to prevent the roots from perishing; ° 
any undue shrivelling. , 

In Cattleya Dowiana aurea we have an Orchid of unquestionable beauty 
and it continues to hold a prominent position in the most select collectio of 


taken not to allow water from the syringe, or from any other sour 


Considerable difficulty has been experienced in succé stv 
cultivating this gem for long together. Probably our greatest mistake ? 
been in giving it a higher temperature than necessary, and too close 
atmosphere. After repeated trials, it has been found to succeed best 
shady position in the Cattleya house, and potted in the same way as 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 219 


ordinary stove plant, the material used for the roots to run into being of a 
very open nature. Fibrous loam, leaf-soil, and sphagnum moss, in equal 
parts, should be used, with a large proportion of small broken pieces of 
crocks ; mixing the whole well together. The plants should at no season be 
allowed to become thoroughly dry, but less water will be required when at 
rest than in the growing period. The greatest enemies of this plant are 
small yellow thrips. These insects, being so minute, are not easily discern- 
ible to the naked eye, and much damage is frequently done to the plant 
before the grower is aware of their presence. Sponge or brush is no match 
against these troublesome pests when once they enter the hearts of the 
young growths. Therefore, immediately the new growths make their 
appearance, the safest remedy is to commence and continue dipping the 
plants into some weak insecticide until growth is completed. 

Dendrobium infundibulum, and its variety Jamesianum, are not often 
found in a flourishing condition. These two have often been grown in too 
much heat. The Odontoglossum or cool house is the proper place for 
them during the hot summer weather. About the end of September, when 
the nights become cold, they should be placed at the cool end of the inter- 
mediate house, to complete and ripen their growth; and at all times they 
must be kept moist at the root, especially during the growing season. 

As the Thunias pass out of flower, they should be moved to the resting- 
house to consolidate and ripen their growths; but water should not be 
entirely withheld until the leaves have turned yellow and fallen off. They 
still require to be kept free from insects. Lay the plants down on their 
sides occasionally, and syringe them with soft-soapy water. 

With such exceptionally hot weather as we are now having, both by day 
and night, very little fire-heat will be required, except in the warmest 
divisions. The pipes should be kept only just lukewarm during the night. 
Ventilation may be freely given at all hours in the Odontoglossum and 
Masdevallia houses. Partially close the ventilators in the East Indian, 
Cattleya, and Mexican divisions early enough in the afternoon to raise the 
temperature 8° or 10° by sun-heat, but open them again when finishing up 
for the night. Maintain in each division a moist, growing atmosphere, and 
on no account neglect the shading and watering. 


ORCHID PORTRAITS. 


BULLETINO DELLA R. SOCIETA TOSCANO DI ORTICULTURA. 
CYPRIPEDIUM SPICERIANUM, Rchb. f. vaR. MERCATELLIANUM, Pucci. A 
peculiar variety from which the green colour has vanished, leaving the 
flower yellowish-white marked with purple, instead of purple-brown. It 
appeared with Signor R. Mercatelli, of Florence.—May, p. 144, t. 5. 


220 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


) GARDEN AND FOREST. ‘ 
CYPRIPEDIUM ROTHSCHILDIANUM, Rchb. f—March 2oth, pp. T44, 
fig. 25. | a 
GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE. : 

CYCNOCHES PENTADACTYLON, Lindl. Three illustrations, showi 


fig. 4), and is said to show an occasional female flower towards the 
the racemes, which, however, is not the case.—May 2oth, pp. 507 
figs. 87 to 89. ee 

L&LIO-CATTLEYA X MAYNARDII (see p. 213).—June 17th, p. 715, fig. 


GARDENING WORLD. : 
~ Maxitiaria SANDERIANA, Rchb. f.—April 29th, pp. 548, 549, with fi 


ILLUSTRATION HORTICOLE. F 

EULOPHIELLA ELIsABETHm, L. Lind. and Rolfe (see p. 207)= 
15th, p. 39, t. 173, fig. 2. A note stating “Cette . . . est originiar 
Congo ” is evidently a mistake. 


JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE. 
PHAIUS MACULATUS, Lindl.—May r8th, p. 397, fig. 72. 
MAXILLARIA SANDERIANA, Rchb. f. var. XANTHOGLOSSA. A fine ¥ 
es yellow lip, from Messrs. F. Sander and Co.—June 22nd, pp. 494 
g. 89. 


. LINDENIA. 

CaTTLEYA xX Harpyana, Rchb. f. var, STATTERIANA, Rolfe. 
handsome variety, with white sepals and petals, and the blotches 
sides of the lip unusually large and pale. It appeared in the c 
of T. Statter, Esq., Stand Hall, Whitefield, Manchester.—t. 373. 

La&LIA x OweEntA, L. Lind. A richly coloured form, having the 
deep purple with the exception of the throat and side lobes of the li 
are white. It is supposed to be a natural hybrid, of which Lelia Pen 
probably one parent.—t, 374. 

CATTLEYA AMETHYSTOGLossA, Lind. and Rchb. f., VAR. ROSEA, 
A variety with somewhat smaller flowers and a rose-coloured ground, 
has appeared in several collections.—t. 375. 

CATTLEYA Mossta, Hook. var. MENDEL, L. Lind. A light 
variety which appears to derive its name from a certain resemble 
Mendeli in the flowers. It is mentioned as not impossibly a natural 


between the two, but we must dissent, as their habitats are far too 
sel, Soy. 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 221 


ORCHID ALBUM. 

CATTLEYA Mossi, Hook. var. REINECKIANA, Rchb.f. From the collec- 
tion of A. H. Smee, Esq., The Grange, Carshalton.—t. 461. 

DISA TRIPETALOIDES, N. E. Br.—t. 462. 

MAXILLARIA SANDERIANA, Rchb. f.—t. 463. 

CALANTHE VESTITA, VAR. OWENIANA, Williams. A very pretty hybrid 
between C. vestita and C. x Veitchii, and therefore not a variety of C. 
vestita in the true sense. Flowers rose and white with light yellow eye. 
Raised by Messrs. B. S. Williams, and dedicated to G. D. Owen, Esq., of 
Rotherham.—t. 464. 

REVUE HORTICOLE. 
CyPRIPEDIUM CHAMBERLAINIANUM.—June Ist, p. 141, with plate. 
WIENER ILLUSTRIRTE GARTEN-ZEITUNG. 

EPIDENDRUM UMLauFtTu, Zahlbruckner. Described as new and the 
habitat unknown, but it appears to be identical with E. costaricense, Rchb. 
f. (Bot. Zett., x., p. 937).—June, p. 210, t. 2. 


CONTINENTAL NOTES. 
By CH. DE BOSSCHERE. 


AT the last meeting of the Chambre Syndicale des horticulteurs belges, at 
Ghent, some interesting Orchids were observed, and among them the follow- 
ing :—A very fine dark form of Cypripedium Lawrenceanum, from M. Em. 
De Cock. Aérides crassifolium, from MM. Vervaet et Cie., with large and 
brilliantly-coloured flowers. Odontoglossum crispum guttatum, from the 
same firm, remarkable for its perfect form and regular markings. Mormodes 
luxatum eburneum, a splendid plant bearing a raceme of twenty-one ivory- 
white flowers with a large dark purple blotch on the lip, from M. A. Van Im- 
schoot, of Ghent. Gongora odoratissima, with three very fine racemes of its 
curiously-shaped amaranth-coloured flowers, from the same exhibitor. M. 
Van Imschoot also exhibited the rare Brassia keiliana, with ten racemes ; 
Trichopilia crispa marginata, a superior variety, a splendid and well- 
flowered example of Eriopsis rutidobulbon, always so rare in Belgian col- 
lections ; Brassia caudata; and a beautiful example of Miltonia vexillaria, 
with twelve racemes. M. Jules Hye exhibited a beautiful hybrid Odonto- 
glossum, much like O. x excellens. 

The meetings of the Orchidéene, of Brussels, have been suspended 
during June, July, and August. 

In the establishment of MM. Vervaet et Cie., of Mont-St.-Amand, is a 
very beautiful example of Miltonia Phalnopsis, and in the celebrated 
collection of M. A. Van Imschoot a remarkable Cattleya Schilleriana. 


222 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


ORCHIDS AT THE ROYAL HORTICULTUR 
SOCIETY. . 


By JOHN WEATHERS. 


THE display of Orchids at the Drill Hall, James Street, Victoria St 
Westminster, on June 6th, was not on such an extensive scale as u 
This, however, is only what might have been expected after such a ma 
ficent show less than a fortnight previously at the Inner Temple Garden 
when Orchid growers put forth their strength to do honour to the occasio 
and who will say that they did not succeed ? 

It is such a general occurrence for a Certificate of some sort to be reco 
mended by the Committee that it is a matter of surprise to find 
not a single one was granted on June 6th—an event hitherto unknown, 
believe, since the formation of the Orchid Committee as a distinct body: 
March, 1889. A few Medals however were carried off. 

A. H. Smee, Esq., F.R.H.S., The Grange, Wallington (gr. Mr. C. W. 
Cummins), taking a Silver Banksian Medal for a collection of fine varie 
of Cattleya Mossiz flowers, in addition to which he exhibited a green 
unspotted form of Lycaste Deppei. 

Messrs. Lewis and Co., Chase Side, Southgate, N., obtained a sim 
medal for a group of Cattleyas, Lelias, Thunia Marshalliana, Oncidiums, 
&e. 


A Silver Flora Medal was the award to Messrs. Low and Co., of Clap 
for a charming group, in which Cypripedium bellatulum, C. Volonteanu 
C. superbiens, Disa grandiflora, &c., were predominant. . 

The prize of a Silver-gilt Flora Medal for the best new seedling Or 
not exhibited prior to 1893, was won by Messrs. F. Sander and Co., 
Albans, who entered the purple-flowered hybrid Lelio-cattleya x Maynardl 
(L. pumila Dayana ? x C. dolosa 3), which received an Award of Merit of 
February 14th last. 

Among the miscellaneous exhibits was a pretty hybrid Masdevallia 
Veitchiano-Estradze with orange coloured flowers, from Captain Hine 
Richmond, Yorks. 

Thos. Statter, Esq., P.R.H.S., Stand Hall, Whitefield, near Manches 
(gr. Mr. R. Johnson), sent two fine varieties (delicata and Stand Hall 
Cattleya Warscewiczii, also Lelia purpurata gigantea, L. tenebrosa, Cy 
pedium superbiens, &c. , 

H. Rowland, Esq., York Street, Manchester, sent a splendid spike of 
deeply coloured Cattleya Warscewiczii with seven large flowers, bi 
unfortunately arrived too late for the Committee. ; _ 

Besides Lelio-cattleya x Maynardii, Messrs. Sander and Co. exhibit 
Lelia x Oweniana, Cypripedium x macrochilum, Zygopetalum (Ba 
mannia) Burtii, Dendrobium hercoglossum, &c. 


aa 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 223 


The meeting on June 2oth was more prolific of good things, and quite up 
to the usual standard of excellence in every way. 

The President, Sir Trevor Lawrence, Bart., Burford, Dorking (gr. Mr. 
W. White), was the recipient of no less than four Botanical Certificates, for 
such interesting plants as Luisia volucris and L. Amesiana—both reminding 
one of Aérides Vandarum or Vanda teres by their quill-like leaves and habit 
—Hexisia bidentata with scarlet flowers, and Leelia crispilabia var., having 
a bright yellow lip and purple-pink sepals and petals; Ccelogyne sulphurea 
with rather small semi-pellucid flowers and a sulphur-yellow crest on the 
lip; Masdevallia demissa, with purple flowers, and Phaius Humblotii with 
two spikes, were also noticeable. 

Norman C. Cookson, Esq., F.R.H.S., Oakwood, Wylam-on-Tyne (gr. Mr. 
W. Murray), sent.a spike of Selenipedium caudatum Wallisii with four large 
flowers, and a bloom of a hybrid Cypripedium called C. x ‘ Vexill-Io,” which 
is somewhat like C. x vexillarium in shape, but not an improvement on it 

_in colour, 

F. W. Moore, Esq., F.R.H.S., Botanic Gardens, Glasnevin, Dublin, 
exhibited a strong truss of Aérides virens, with crimson blotched and speckled 
flowers. 

G. W. Law-Schofield, Esq., New Hall Hey, Rawtenstall, Manchester, 
sent flowers of Lelio-cattleya x Arnoldiana. 

From Thos. Statter, Esq., F.R.H.S., Stand Hall, Whitefield, Man- 
chester (gr. Mr, Johnson), came a strong plant of a Cattleya with flowers 
having the general features of C. Warscewiczii, but somewhat different, 
owing to the tubular lip with deep crimson side lobes, and a white expanded 
front lobe mottled with purple near the margin. Twin flowers of the 
beautiful Cypripedium x Aylingii, and a spike of Odontoglossum x 
Wilckeanum superbum came from the same collection. 

M. Wells, Esq., Broomfield, Sale, Manchester, exhibited flowers of 
Cypripedium superbiens, the pretty Cattleya Mendeli delicata, Leelio- 
cattleya x Phoebe, and L. C. x Arnoldiana. © 

Chas. Winn, Esq., The Uplands, Selly Hill, Birmingham, exhibited a 
plant of a pretty Cypripedium under the name of C. “ Psyche,” which from 
all outward appearances is a white-lipped form of C. Godefroya—probably 
C. G. leucochilum, only purer. 

Messrs. Backhouse and Son, of York, exhibited four strong plants ina 
pan of Disa x Veitchii, which bore in the aggregate of twelve expanded 
flowers of a beautiful deep rose colour. 

Messrs. Charlesworth, Shuttleworth,and Co., Heaton, Bradford, exhibited 
a strong Grammangis Ellisii, bearing seventeen greenish-yellow and speckled 
brown flowers. A Botanical Certificate was awarded to Odontoglossum 
Peruviense, which has flowers of the O. mirandum type, being of a deep 
brown with greenish-yellow tips. 


* 


uae : THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


A Bronze Banksian Medal went to Messrs. Lewis and Co., Chase Sic 
Southgate, for a group of Cattleyas, Lycastes, Oncidium pulvinatum, ok 
aurea, &c. « 

Messrs. H. Low and Co., Clapton, exhibited in attractive style a pre 
group, which received recognition in the shape of a Silver Banksian Met 
The following may be mentioned as noticeable :—A fine Cattleya Wars 
wiczii Sanderiana, Lelia purpurata, several fine Cypripedium bellatulum 
Aérides Fieldingii, Masdevallia Harryana, Disa grandiflora, and a pret 
little Sarcanthus Lowii, with distichous leaves and white flowers dotted y 
pink. 
Messrs. F. Sander and Co., St. Albans, exhibited several variet 
Cattleya Warscewiczii, the most noticeable being C. W. Sandera—rende 
distinct by a pale mauve margin to the lip—which received an Award @ 
Merit. A Botanical Certificate went to a peculiarly distinct Epidendi ur 
Forgetianum, with pale yellow flowers conspicuously veined with p 
brown. Zygopetalum (Pescatorea) Klabochorum, with white crimson-tip 
flowers, and Platyclinis filiformis, with about one hundred and fifty.droo 
spikes of lemon-yellow flowers, were also noteworthy—the latter receivi 
Cultural Commendation. a 

Messrs. B.S. Williams and Co., Upper Holloway, contributed a. 
group, which was staged with care and effect, and gained a Silver Flot 
Medal. The most conspicuous plants were Cypripedium x superciliare, ! 
superbiens, C. Curtisii, Selenipedium x grande, Dendrobium Dearei, | 
dium macranthum, and Epidendrum vitellinum majus. 


t) 


The next meeting of the Orchid Committee will be at Chiswick Gard 
on July rth, at eleven a.m., instead of twelve, when a special flower §$ 
will be held. Lady George Hamilton has consented to distribute prize 
the afternoon, and the Band of Her Majesty’s Royal Horse Guards (B 
will perform during the day, while refreshments will be supplied by Me ; 
Spiers and Pond. ee a 


REPLIES TO CORRESPONDENTS. 
(An addressed Post Card will ensure a reply by post.) 


: A. J.R., Florence.—Cattleya Mossize; a light-coloured variety. The Cattleya Ki 
liana is not quite identical with the original drawing, yet being purchased under the 
should be correct. But what you send is certainly a variety of C. Mendeli. An 
hybrid between C. Triane and C. Eldorado is, of course, impossible. Cyp 
barbatum, a deformity not uncommon. Dendrobium D’Albertisii, not found. Two‘ 
next month. 

O. O. W., Bury.— Many thanks. 

J. F. M., N.J.—Many thanks. Please send a dried flower at first opportunity. 
F. W. M., Glasnevin.— Many thanks ; next month : 

T. C. H., Richmond.—Selenipedium x Ainsworthii, light var. ; next month. 


ff 


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Contents. 


The Hybridist .. 


ul Ila Elisabethz 
aaron x pes and i x :Schil. 
Mp ed ee es. : 
Novelties ... 239 |  Masde 
_Selenipedium 8 Sargentianum ae 


NE SHILLING. 


E ONE 


The ORCHID REVIEW is published regularly on the first of each month. 
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work contains descriptions of all the most important species and varieties in cultivation, their origin, Botanical History, 
of Introduction, together with Cultural Notes Boos ey Stes 

being compiled to supply amateurs and cultivators of e > Orchids sarah a ‘igen account of the principal genera, 

varieties bandage ated ander glass than i is. contained in the. MMatioals hither’ 

"ie rapid. extension of O of a cena resulting ‘fom the increased taste for, and appre- 
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erous are the a pe Seca: of Orchids at present in sikigire and. to which additions are sowmeiges Jeo 

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HE ORCHID REVIEW, 


UL. i] AUGUST, 1893. [No. 8. 


NOTES. 


THE duties of the Orchid Committee at the meeting of the Royal Horti- 
cultural Society held at Chiswick on August 8th were lighter than usual, 
nevertheless several very interesting things were exhibited; notably, Cy- 
pripedium x Massaianum, the first hybrid from C. Rothschildianum, which 
received an Award of Merit; C. Stonei Cannaertianum, which received a 
similar award; and a three-flowered spike of Cattleya Rex. 


The last named is evidently a summer-flowering species of great beauty. 
~ It was stated that the spike shown was one of two borne by the same plant, 
which, although showing improvement each year, has never made a root in 
this country. This surely is an anomalous character. A single flower has 
also expanded on a plant in the Kew collection. 


Two meetings of the Royal Horticultural Society will be held during 
August, on the 8th and 2gth respectively, when the Orchid Committee will 
meet on each occasion. The former meeting will be held at the Drill Hall, 
Westminster, at 12, noon, and the latter at the Royal Agricultural Hall, 
Islington, an hour earlier. 

A plant of the remarkable and beautiful Coryanthes leucocorys has 
recently produced a flower in the collection of F, Wigan, Esgq., Clare Lawn, 
East Sheen, under the care of Mr. W. H. Young. The flower is very large, 
and the ivory-white helmet forms a charming contrast with the rose- 
coloured bucket-like lip. As regards shape, no more remarkable flower 
€xists in the whole family. 

A portrait of M. Alfred Van Imschoot, the well-known Belgian Orchidist, 
whose collection contains so many botanical rarities in addition to showy 
things, appears in the Fournal des Orchidées for July 15th, p. 142. 

15 


226 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


The list of Garden Orchids is continued in the Gardeners’ Chrom 
June roth, by Mr. Rolfe, and reaches Lissochilus, of which eleven species 
are enumerated, including the remarkable and handsome Lissochilus 
giganteus. 4 

A singular example of how synonyms are made appears in the. 
Gardeners’ Chronicle for July 7th. One of the sights of the Victoria-house 
at Kew is said to be a monster plant of Grammatophyllum Sanderianum, 
imported by Messrs. F. Sander and Co., of St. Albans, and presented to the — 
Royal Gardens. A woodcut of the plant is given. We happen to have 
seen the plant in question, which bears a large label—‘‘ Grammatophyllum ~ 
speciosum.” i 


_ A hybrid Vanda has appeared, the first in the genus, we believe. Itis 
a cross effected by a lady resident in Singapore, between Vanda Hookeriana — 
and V, teres, two species said to be cultivated in almost every garden in 
that island. It is said to be a very beautiful plant. A note appears in 
another column. Unfortunately, no record was kept as to which was | he 
seed parent. 


The celebrated Quorndon House variety of Cattleya Mendeli has, ° 
learn, passed into the collection of G. Hardy, Esq., of Pickering Lod 
Timperley, Cheshire, having been acquired at the Quorndon House sale 
220 guineas. : 


Collectors of choice varieties of Orchids beware! The aniline dye fiend 
is abroad, as we have ocular demonstration. A correspondent sends usa 
dried flower of Odontoglossum crispum which he has received, with the 
offer of half the plant for the modest sum of one hundred and fifty guineas. 
Our opinion was asked, and given, and we are extremely sorry not to be @ 
to give the enterprising manipulator’s name to our readers. 


“T had a suspicion it was a swindle,” writes our correspondent, in repl 
““T had never seen such a curious colour before in any Odontoglossum 
And never would again, we may add, if he had purchased the plant 4 
expected to see the colour at the next time of flowering. 


The modus operandi is very simple. A flower is cut and the 
placed in a strong solution of aniline dye. - The colour is gradually ab 
and passes along the vascular bundles, in some parts becoming diffused 
the tissues. A very pretty sham is the result, which may be alter 
dried, as in the present instance, and used with fraudulent intent. Fé 
nately the trick is a very transparent one. Nevertheless people sho | 
on their guard, or they may be imposed upon | 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 227 


_ THE HISTORY OF ORCHID HYBRIDISATION. 
Part VII, 
(Continued from page 197.) 

In 1888 the genus Epidendrum was added to: the list of those in which 
hybrids had been artificially obtained. Epidendrum x O’Brienianum was 
raised by Mr. Seden in Messrs, Veitch’s establishment, by crossing E, 
evectum with the pollen of E. radicans. In colour it is quite intermediate, 
though in the shape of the flower the influence of the seed parent somewhat 
preponderates. It is very handsome and floriferous. 

The ranks of the hybridists were now being rapidly swelled, and during 
1888 the work of several new operators was placed on record for the first 
time, which we may first consider. 

Lelia x Tresederiana was raised by Mr. J. S. Treseder, in the estab- 
lishment of Messrs. Heath and Sons, of Cheltenham, from Lelia crispa and 
Cattleya Loddigesii. It is not stated which was the seed parent. It was 
described as a lovely novelty. The seed was sown in January, 1881. 

Cypripedium x Peetersianum was raised by Mr. A. A. Peeters, of St. 
Gilles, Brussels, from C. philippinense 2 and C. barbatum ¢. Thus it is the 
reversed cross of C. x selligerum, from which it is not appreciably different. 

Cypripedium x Lathamianum was raised by Mr. W. B. Latham, 
Curator of the Botanic Gardens, Birmingham, from C. Spicerianum crossed 
with the pollen of C. villosum, whose characters are both well represented 
init. It is a fine and striking hybrid. 

Cypripedium x hephzstus appeared in the collection of R. H. Measures, 
Esq., of The Woodlands, Streatham, as a waif of unknown origin, but it was 
Supposed that C. Lawrenceanum and C. barbatum were the parents. 

Four other hybrids also appeared in this collection during 1888, which 
we may now proceed to note, taking them in the order in which they were 
described. 

Cypripedium x conspicuum was described as a plant of doubtful origin, 
though from its characters it may have been derived from the same parentage 
as C. x Harrisianum. 

-. Dendrobium x murrhiniacum was obtained by crossing D. nobile with 
the pollen of D. Wardianum. It is a handsome hybrid, with flowers most 
resembling those of the pollen parent. 

Cypripedium x polystigmaticum was raised from C. venustum and C. 

Spicerianum, the former believed to have been the seed parent. It is quite 
intermediate in character. 
Cypripedium x variopictum was the last of the group, and was derived 
from C. Lawrenceanum and C. Spicerianum, the former being the seed 
Parent. Thus it has the same parentage as C. x radiosum, eaters by 
Messrs. Veitch, though somewhat differing in colour. 


228 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


Cypripedium x Vervaetianum was raised by Messrs. Vervaet and Co, 
of Mont-St.-Amand, Ghent, from C. Lawrenceanum and C. superbiens, the 
latter believed to have been the pollen parent. The foliage closely resembles : 
that of the former species. 2 

Cypripedium x Lemoinierianum was raised by M. Lemoinier, of Lille, 
and obtained the first prize for a new seedling Orchid at the Ghent Inter. 
nationale Show in 1888. Its parentage was not recorded, but it is a Seleni-_ 
pedium of the Sedeni group. 

Lelia x Horniana was raised by Mr. F. Horn, Orchid grower to Baron 
Nathaniel de Rothschild, of Hohe Warte, near Vienna, from L. purpurata? . 
and L. x elegans3. It was described as a lovely thing. oF 

Cypripedium x Pageanum was raised by M. Page, of Bougival, near 
Paris, from C. superbiens and C. Hooker. It is not stated which was the — 
seed parent. 


be the inverted mule of Cr x calanthum, raised by Messrs. Veitch, but to 
have more of the character of C. Lowii than that one. . 

Cypripedium x Savageanum was raised by Messrs. Seeger and Tropp, of | 
East Dulwich, from C. x Harrisianum ? and C. Spicerianum gf. A note — 
States that the opposite cross resulted in C. x Seegerianum, which, i 
ever, is not described. yy 

Cattleya x flaveola was raised in the establishment of Messrs. Hack 
house and Son, of York, from C. intermedia and probably C. guttata. Thus i 
it would appear to be a variety of C. x picturata. ° ' 

The most beautiful hybrid of the year, and a very remarkable one tod, : 
was Phalzenopsis x John Seden, obtained by crossing P. amabilis, Blume — 
(P. grandiflora) with the pollen of P. Lueddemanniana. ‘The flowers ate 
intermediate in Structure, densely spotted with light purple on a cream- — 
white ground. The seed was sown in November, 1881. It is one of the 


It is curious to note ho 
bining the erect habit of one parent with 
the pendulous one of the other. It flowered when 64 years old. We mu 
here point out that it was not this Dr, Harris who first gave Mr. Dominy 
the idea of hybridising Orchids, as Stated at p. 133. : 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 229 


Phalznopsis x F. L. Ames was another beautiful hybrid raised by Mr. 
Seden, from P. amabilis (Blume) ? and P. x intermedia &, whose ¢haracters 
it well combines. It flowered when a little over five years old, and was 
dedicated to the Hon. F. L. Ames, of North Easton, Mass., U.S.A. 

Phalenopsis x Leda appeared as a stray seedling in Messrs. Veitch’s 
establishment.. Hence its parentage is somewhat doubtful, though it 
belongs to the tendril-bearing group. 

Anguloa x intermedia was raised by Mr. Seden from A. Clowesii 2? and 
A. Ruckeri g, and thus should be a variety of A. x media, which is believed 
to have been derived from these two species. From the description, 
however, it evidently differs in colour. 


(To be continued.) 


LYCASTE SKINNERI ALBA. 


On p. 113 it is stated of Lycaste Skinneri, that “the variety alba 
appeared amongst the first importations.”” Now I think Mr. Skinner first 
introduced this plant in 1841, and many varieties were from time to time 
introduced, but a white one was not seen before 1856, when the first one 
opened with myself, during the time I had charge of the collection of 
Messrs. Thos. Jackson and Sons, at Kingston, and I think it was about ten 
years afterwards that the next instance of its flowering occurred, at Meadow- 
bank, near Glasgow, when the celebrated collection of Mr. Dawson was 
under the care of Mr. Anderson, and it remained a scarce plant for many 
years afterwards. Now it has become a frequent plant in our collections. 
I am quite able to endorse what follows, that it has ever since been regarded 
as a chaste and very beautiful form. 

WILLIAM HuGH GowER, 

[We are obliged for Mr. Gower’s note, which is certainly interesting. 
The remark referred to arose through a slip of the memory. When the 
variety alba was figured in Lindenia (vol. iv., p. 21, t. 153) a claim was put 
forward that M. Linden, and not Mr. Skinner, was the original discoverer of 
Lycaste Skinneri, and that it first received the name of Maxillaria virginalis, 
in Belgium. It was through a confusion of this M. virginalis with the 
variety alba that the mistake arose. Mr. Skinner’s discovery, however, dates 
from 1839, and it was described from dried specimens collected by him as 
early as June, 1840, under the name of Maxillaria Skinneri, as has else- 
where (Reichenbachia, ser. 2, p. 39) been pointed out. But the variety alba 
is figured in Pescatorea (t. 39), which was published in os Se) that its 
second appearance was evidently before the “ten years later mentioned by 
Mr. Gower.—Ep.] 


230 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


Ci 2 8 ROSEFIELD COLLECTION. 


ROSEFIELD, Sevenoaks, Kent, is the residence of De Barri Crawshay, E 
an enthusiastic amateur of Orchids, whose collection contains many su 
varieties of Odontoglossum crispum, Cattleya Mossiz, C. Mendeli, ar 
numerous other showy species, as well as the original plant of the rare and 
handsome Lelia x Crawshayana (Rchb. f.), Supposed by Mr. Crawshayt 
be a natural hybrid between L. autumnalis and L, albida. Three hot 
are devoted to Orchids; two cool ones, containing chiefly Odontoglossums 
and a few other things which require cool treatment, and a large intel 
mediate house, in which Cattleyas. and Lelias, with a variety of 
showy Orchids are grown. No special provision is made for those wh 
require special heat, though a few Dendrobiums and Angreecums are grown, — 
But with regard to the others, many very interesting features may 
observed in the collection. 

Odontoglossums are Special favourites, and here, as elsewhere, the — 
beautiful O. crispum takes the first place. A large number of sel , 
varieties are grown; about three dozen plants were either in flower or : 
bud during the first week in June, while many were over. This beautiful 
plant flowers almost throughout the year, and it is interesting to note that dl 


: , and Mr. Crawshay only broke this successi¢ 

when he commenced weeding out all poor forms, in 1890, which he rigidly 
continues throughout the whole collection. ee 
_ We may pause to notice 4 few of the most distinct varieties in the 
collection. The one called “Princess May,” which Her Serene Highness 
pleasantly, as usual, allowed Mr. Crawshay to dedicate to her, is a § 
white variety, the flowers being 


Crawshay ” is a massive form of the first rank, with thick white flowers 


last, and now carries a nine-flowered one larger thanever. ‘‘ Pride of B 
field”’ is somewhat similar to the last, but the flowers are slightly sma 
and have a tinge of rose. ‘‘Miss F lorence Bovill” has the flowers suffused 
deep violet and the segments heavily blotched. O.c. Bonnyanum is ano i: 
grand variety, which flowered early in the year. The varieties guttatw 
and roseum are also represented by many fine forms, Lastly, must be # 
tioned the grand variety “De B, Crawshay,” which received an Award 
Merit from the Royal Horticultural Society on May gth last. Mr. Cra\ 
showed me a photograph of this spike, and also a coloured drawing 
Single flower, thé latter executed by himself. It is a most beautiful va! 
Somewhat resembling apiatum, though hardly so round a flower. 
plant, however, is a much smaller one, and the spike carried twelve flow 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 231 


Mr. Crawshay has many others that are prevented from blooming this year, 
as his practice is to let some of his fine things have a rest occasionally, in 
order to strengthen the plants. 

All the other showy Odontoglossums are well represented by choice 
varieties, among which may be mentioned many fine forms of QO. triumphans, 
including the magnificent Rosefield variety, which has received a First-class 
Certificate from the Royal Horticultural Society. O. cordatum, with four 
handsome spikes; several O. Harryanum, showing for flower; and an excellent 
batch of O. Rossianum, all good varieties. O. Hallii is also well represented, 
the beautiful dark variety nigrum being exceptionally fine. One plant of O. 
Pescatorei threw up a very strong spike, with thirteen branches and 111 
flowers, but being unfortunately injured it was cut off before the flowers 
expanded. Next year it should produce a phenomenal inflorescence. 

Hybrid Odontoglossums are specially looked after, and the collection 
‘ contains numerous very interesting forms, including a fine dark O. x tenta- 
culatum, and forms of O. x Wilckeanum, of which the Rosefield variety is 
exceptionally large and beautiful. O. x Andersonianum and O. x Ruckeria- 
num are represented by grand varieties, which are mostly resting this year, 
but one of the former, called Crawshay’s variety, received an Award of 
Merit from the Royal Horticultural Society on the 11th of April last. 

Mr. Crawshay has recently examined many importations of Odontoglos- 
sum, and selected a series of very distinct-looking bulbs, which, judging by 
appearances, should contain many hybrids and good varieties. On one 
plant two nice little seedlings were found, but it is impossible to say whether 
they are from hybrid seed. 

A batch of about forty plants of Cattleya citrina succeed well with the 
Odontoglossums, being attached to blocks of charred wood. Cool treatment 
is one of the secrets of success with this Cattleya. Epidendrum vitellinum 
and Disa grandiflora, with its fine variety Barrellii, also grow well here, as 
well as Oncidium tigrinum and O. macranthum, the latter now showing for 
flower. A batch of the polymorphic Masdevallia Harryana contains several 
very fine forms, including the Trentham variety, Bull’s Blood, and versicolor. 
Here also is the true M. Veitchiana grandiflora, with its giant blooms nearly 
double the size of the typical form beside it. The beautiful Miltonia 
vexillaria is, of course, represented in quantity. : 

The Cattleya house contains a fine series of Cattleya Mossiz an C. 
Mendeli, grand forms of C. gigas, of which ‘‘ Mrs. De B. Crawshay takes 
precedence with its immense deep purple lip almost devoid of yellow. C. 
Mendeli Rosefield variety is a lovely form. Numerous fine plants of C. 
labiata show growth well advanced, while C. Gaskelliana alba, the original 
variety that received a First-class Certificate from the Royal Horticultural 
Society in July, 1884, is still here among other grand forms. ae 
_ Turning to the Lelias we must first note four plants propagated from 


232 LHE ORCHID REVIEW. 


the original L. x Crawshayana, a beautiful form described from this collection. | 
L. purpurata, a noble Orchid, whether in or out of flower, was coming on in 
quantity. There are several grand varieties, including alba, Russelliana, 
gigantea, an enormous flower, and a grand flat dark variety called De B, 
Crawshay. L. anceps grows here like a weed, and is strongly represented, | 
Among white forms are the varieties Stella, Sanderiana, and Williamsiana, — 
while the Rosefield variety is a grand dark form, with very large flowers, 
and petals shaped like those of the variety Dawsoni. The varieties Hilliana, 
morada, Protheroeana, and blanda, are also represented. We must also 
note a grand dark form of L. Perrinii, and four plants called L. x elegans 
alba, which we believe to be a natural hybrid between Cattleya intermedia — 
and Lelia purpurata, whose Proper name is Lelio-cattleya x Schilleriana 
In this house also are grown several plants of Vanda suavis, Rosefield 
variety, and V. tricolor, with its varieties planilabris and Warneri, the latter 
very rare. These were passing out of flower. A grand plant of Lycaste lanipes, 
Mrs. Studd’s variety, which carried sixteen immense blooms on one bulb, 
has leaves almost like those of a palm. Two plants of the graceful Brassia 
verrucosa were also nicely in flower. Miltonia Moreliana, in quantity, is" 
growing almost like grass, and includes Mrs. Studd’s wonderful variety 
atrorubens, such a form as is seldom seen. Cymbidium Lowianum, toe 
formed a very fine mass, and was a perfect picture of floral beauty. Very 
few Cypripediums are grown, but C. barbatum and C. Lawrenceanum were 
both observed in bloom. | 


a a Per a one 


later. Mr. Crawshay has not escaped the fascination, and at the present time ‘ 
the capsules of several very interesting crosses are maturing in the collection. E 
Sophronitis grandiflora crossed with white Lelia anceps, and the reversed 


O. Rossii crossed with the pollen of O,x Wilckeanum, and also with that of 0. 
Hallii. These are crosses which of course cannot occur in astate of nal 


very interesting scientific question, Mr. Crawshay has fertilised O. crispy 7 


the resulting pod looks at present perfectly healthy. But the hybridist 2 
many difficulties to contend with, and must undergo many disapp 


mately crowned with success. A a: 
apparently healthy, may contain nothing but chaff. Or if good seed ? 
to germinate, or to pass successfully through the 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 233 


which Orchidic babyhood is heir to. A vulgar slug may devour the dainty 
morsel at a single meal, and we believe that a single insignificant thrip, if 
it gets into the growing point of a young Odontoglossum, will injury it 
beyond recovery. We may hope that some of Mr. Crawshay’s experiments 
will be crowned with success. 

Mr. Crawshay likes to be able to preserve the characters of his favourites, 
and to compare those together which flower at different seasons of the year. 
To this end he has developed a system of drying the flowers, all in their 
natural shapes, and in most cases with but slight diminution of their 
brilliant colours. This is effected by simply drying the flowers in sand, and 
afterwards arranging them in shallow cabinet drawers, something like a 
collection of butterflies. An inspection of this collection of dried flowers 
afforded the writer quite as much pleasure as that of the living ones in the 
houses, and enabled him to carry away such an impression of the collection 
as without it could only have been obtained by several visits at different 
periods of the year. Laelia x Crawshayana, for example, was not in 
flower, yet on retiring to Mr. Crawshay’s study every one of its characters 
could be inspected at leisure, the shape and markings of the flower, and even 
the colour, almost as easily as in the living flower. And the same may be 
said of nearly all the before-mentioned plants except the fleshy Vandas, etc. 
Of Odontoglossum crispum he has upwards of 150 dried flowers. It is 
remarkable how little changed are many of the flowers; even the teeth of 
the crest and wings of the column being as perfect as when alive, and the 
flowers of Odontoglossum x Wilckeanum and O. crispum De B. Crawshay 
are almost lifelike. 

The modus operandi is so simple that it ought to be more widely known. 
All that is necessary is some clean sharp dry sand and a box of some kind. 
The ovary is cut off to facilitate drying, and the flower is then placed on a 
layer of sand half an inch deep, and the box gradually filled to a depth of at 
least two inches, so as to prevent shrivelling. The sand must be gently 
filtered in, so as to preserve the natural shape of the flower. The box is 
then placed in some warm and dry place for a few days, when the operation 
is complete, and the sand may be filtered out again. The chief drawback 
to this system is that the dried flowers take up a large amount of space, i 
cannot be placed between sheets of paper like herbarium specimens. Un- 
fortunately, fleshy owers, such as Lycastes, and many others, lose their 
colours just the same as in the ordinary method, and the only advantage the 
present system has in the case of fleshy flowers is that they can be dried 
with breaking the parts, which is almost unavoidable when pressing them 
between sheets of paper. Perhaps a combination of the two systems would 
give the best results, for fleshy flowers which have been dried in sand can 
afterwards be flattened without breakage, if placed for a few minutes in 
warm water. But the advantage of being able to preserve flowers, and to 


234 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


compare them at any season of the year, is so obvious that it isa won 
the system is not more widely adopted. 
Another very interesting feature at Rosefield is a little collection of — 
British Orchids, which have been gradually brought in and planted ona 
grassy bank, where they seem to feel quite at home. Here were various 
plants of Orchis mascula, O. Morio and a rare pink variety, O. maculata 
and its pretty variety alba, O. latifolia, O. pyramidalis, Ophrys apifera, and 
O. aranifera, Gymnadenia conopsea, Listera ovata, and Herminium mon- 
orchis, quite a charming little group, but owing to the exceptionally dry 
Season some of them were over. a 
Mr. Crawshay seems imbued with Orchidic lore, as he knows the history 
of every plant in his collection, and all his operations are conducted in an 
intelligent and methodical manner, as his records everywhere show. In 
fact, the collection generally shows the great interest taken in it by its 
enthusiastic possessor, and the cultural skill of his gardener, Mr. Sydney — 
Cooke.. ‘ 
or 


EULOPHIELLA ELISABETH. 


Our attention has been called to the statement at p. 207, that M. Le 
Hamelin was the discoverer of this plant. It is said that although he sent 
home the plants recently sold in England, the discoverer of the species was: 
M. Sallarin, a collector of Messrs. Linden, L’Horticulture Internationale, 
Brussels, who has since died. It is said that a-single plant appeared in 
importation of Angrzcum sesquipedale and Grammangis Ellisii, sent home — 
by M. Sallarin. Although evidently distinct from the outset, its re 
character was not known until it flowered. In March, 1891, M. Hamelin 
wrote to Messrs. Linden that M. Sallarin, of whom news had not k 
received for some months, had been drowned by the upsetting of a SI 
Pirogue, when crossing an.arm of the sea. At the same time M. H : 
offered his services in collecting plants. When the Eulophiella flowered, 
water-colour drawing was made, which was sent to M. Hamelin, toge 
with the part of the Lindenia in which the figure and description appea s 
and several additional copies of the coloured plate, requesting him to collect 
plants on their account. In October, 1892, M. Hamelin replied that he na 
recognised the plant on receipt of the documents, and. would collect al 
forward living specimens. We record these statements, because of the 
they throw upon the question of the discovery of this remarkable 
The subsequent history of the transaction js on record, and need not 

repeated here, Save and except one choice little extract: ‘ Tell me 

Price-you offer me for the remainder, because I have entirely destroyed 
plant in its native habitat” (“ Veuillez me dire quel. prix vous m’offrire 
pied, car j’ai completement détruit la plante sur les lieux d’origine ”).. = 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 235 


LA‘LIO-CATTLEYA x ELEGANS AND 
L. x SCHILLERIANA. 


THESE two handsome Orchids are now flowering in various collections, and 
the receipt of severalginquiries respecting them, in four instances accom- 
panied by flowers, suggests the desirability of placing on record the following 
notes, as some of their varieties have been, and still are, considerably con- 
fused. Both are natives of the Santa Catherina district of South Brazil, 
and from a variety of considerations it is certain that both. are of hybrid 
origin. 

In the district in question, three well-known species occur, and in certain 
localities, at least, they grow intermixed, or in close proximity to each other. 
These are Lelia purpurata, Cattleya Leopoldi, and C. intermedia. The 
former of these has stout pseudobulbs, each with a single erect longish leaf, 
and the flower has an entire lip, and eight pollinia; the two latter have 
slender stem-like pseudobulbs, each with a pair of rather short spreading 
leaves, and the flowers have a three-lobed lip, and four pollinia. The two 
latter, as is well known, are markedly different from each other in the colour 
of their flowers and in various details of structure. 

It is very interesting to observe the way in which these characters are 
combined in the hybrid offspring. Some of the pseudobulbs bear a single 
leaf, as in the Lzelia parent, and others a pair, as in the Cattleya; while as 
regards their shape, they are either intermediate or incline towards one or 
the other parent. The same remark applies to the flowers, both as regards 
shape and colour, while the pollinia are very unequal, the lower series being 
much smaller that the upper, and in some cases quite rudimentary, as in all 
the hybrids artificially raised between these two genera. 

The series of natural hybrids now in gardens have sometimes been referred 
to several different types, as will be seen by the references cited below, and 
at others brought together as varieties of one. It is, however,.certain that 
we have two distinct hybrids to deal with, both of which are as variable as 
hybrids generally are. One is the hybrid between Lelia: purpurata and 
Cattleya Leopoldi, or Lelio-cattleya x elegans. proper, the other that 
between Lelia purpurata and Cattleya intermedia, or Leelio-cattleya x 
Schilleriana, sometimes incorrectly referred as a variety of the former. It 
is not desirable, however, that pte of different — should be 
confused together. 

We may first note Lzlio-cattleya x ee otherwise L. x purpurato- 
Leopoldi. 

. This was originally discovered by Ft rancois.De Vos,.a ‘collector for the 
late M. Ambrose Verschaffelt, of Ghent,.on the island of Santa Catherina, 
as long ago as 1847, and flowered for the first time in Europe in the following 
year, when it was described as Cattleya elegans. Its hybrid origin was not 


236 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


then suspected, indeed, neither of its parents were then known, which seem 
rather curious. This original form had the sepals and petals light rosy 
purple, except at the base and along the centre, which parts were light green, 
and the lip strongly three-lobed, the front lobe very broad, and, together 
with the tips of the side lobes, deep violet-purple, the remainder being nearly 
white. This original form was afterwards called variety Morreniana, 

Round this original type the different varieties group themselves, diverging 
more or less in various directions. The variety Tautziana is near to the 
original type, and differs chiefly in the possession of a yellow stain on either 
side of the throat. Bluntii has rather darker colours, and the front lobe of 
the lip is more elongated. Dayana again differs in having the throat of the , 
lip orange-yellow, like some forms of Lelia purpurata. The one called 
prasiata has the disc of the sepals green, and the throat sulphur-yellow, — 
though in other respects it conforms to the type. Allied to the last is the 
variety picta, which has many small dark purple spots on the sepals and 
petals, and the throat yellow. ‘The spots are, of course, derived from 
Cattleya Leopoldi. The variety platychila is also nearly allied to prasiata, ) 
but wants the green disc to the Sepals, while the lip is very broad and flat, 
and the lobes nearly confluent. Houtteana has rose-coloured flowers with 
a little green near the base of the Sepals and petals, and some yellow on the 
sides of the throat. a8 

A few other varieties differ chiefly in colour, and some of them are 
extremely brilliant. Of these Turneri is characterised by its very deep 
colour, and the distinctly stalked obovate front lobe of the lip. The one 
called blenheimensis is rather smaller, with the disc of the sepals lighter, — 


organs are nankeen-yellow, with the lip much as in the original 
In the second, they are sulphur-yellow faintly tinged with rose; 4 
in the third sulphur-white, inclining to buff behind, and the lip white wit 
crimson-purple lobes, 

Four other very distinct varieties remain to be mentioned. The’ 
called lobata takes its name from the fact that the petals have an ol 
lobe on either side. They are washed with light brownish purple on # 


suffused with dull purple, and covered with numerous small darker 
lip is three-lobed and dull violet-purple in front. It appearet 
1856, but seems to have long been lost sight of. The variety gigam 
also very marked. It has nearly white sepals and petals which ? 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 237 


numerous small, rosy purple spots, while the front part of the lip is amethyst- 
purple. Lastly comes Cooksoni, which differs from every other in having an 
entire lip, closely resembling that of Leelia purpurata. The sepals and 
petals are light olive-green with some small purple spots towards the 
summit. 

Lzlia x pachystele may also belong here. It has rose-coloured sepals 
and petals, and a white lip with three rather narrow purple lobes. 

The following is a list of the various forms of this polymorphic hybrid, 
with references to published descriptions and figures :— 


Lelio-cattleya x elegans, Rolfe in Gard. Chron., 1889, i. p. $19 ; Id., ii. p. 79; Jd. in 
Reichenbachia, ser. 2, 1., p. 43. 

Cattleya x elegans, C. Morr. in Ann. de Gand., iv. p. 93, t. 185; Bot. Mag., t. 4,700; 
Pescatorea, t. 23; Ill. Hort., xi. t. 402; Lindl. in Gard. Chron., 1853, p- 582. 

Lelia x elegans, Rchb. f. in Otto and Dietr. Allg. Gartenz., xxiii. p. 242 ; Puydt, Les 
Orch., p. 281, t. 21; Veitch Man. Orch., ii. p. 66, in part ; Orchid Album, vii. t. 331 (var. 
Morreniana, Rchb. f.). 

Bletia x elegans, Rchb. f. in Walp. Ann., vi. Pp. 427. 

Lelia x Brysiana, Lem. in 7//. Ffort., iii., Misc., p. 48 ; Id., iv. t. 134 

Lelia X elegans var. Bluntii, Rchb. f. in Bot. Zett., xxii. p. 298 (in 
Orch. Gr. Man., ed. 6, p. 357. Bletia X elegans var. Bluntii, Rchb. f. /.c. 

Lelia < elegans var. Dayana, Rchb. f. Zc. (in note.) Bletia x elegans var. Dayana, 
Rehb. f. Zc. 

Lelia X elegans var. gigantea, Williams in Gard. Chron., 1870, p. 1125 (in note) ; Verte 
Man. Orch., ii. p. 67. L. X gigantea, Warn., ex Proc. Roy. Hort. Soc. ii. p- 247; Warn. 
Sel. Orch., ser. 1, t. 6. 

Lelia x elegans var. Houtteana, Rchb. f. in Hamd. Gartenz., xvi. p. 281 ; Lindenia, 
ii. p. 49, t. 71. , 

Lelia x elegans var. incantans, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron., 1887, ii. p. 333. 

Lelia X elegans var. Littleana, Hogg. Gard. Vear-Book, 1886, p. 65. 

Lelia X elegans var. lobata, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron., 1869, p. 1158. 

Lelia < elegans var. Measuresiana, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron., 1887, i. p. 209, 


note); Williams 


34. 

Lelia x elegans var. prasiata, Rchb. f. in Bot. Zett., xxii. P- 298 (in note) ; Orchid 
Album, iii. 97 ; Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron., 1883, i. p. 11 (var. indica). Bletia prasiata, 
Rehb. f. in Bot. Zeit., xxiv. p. 208. 

Lelia x elegans var. Tautziana, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron., 1888, i. p. 330- 

Lelia elegans var. Turneri, Veitch Man. Orch., ii. p. 67. L. X Turneri, Warn. Sel. 
Orch., ser. i. t. 12. 

Lelia x pachystele, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron., 1888, ii. p. 596. 

Leelio-cattleya x elegans var. blenheimensis, Sander ex Rolfe in Reichenbachia, ser. 2, I., 
P- 43, t. 20; Laelia X elegans var. blenheimensis, Williams Orchid A lbum, ix., t. 413. 

Lzlio-cattleya x elegans var. Cooksoni, Rolfe in Gard. Chron., 1889, ii. p. 586. ; 

Lzlio-cattleya x elegans var. Broomeana, Rolfe in Lindenia, viii. p. 25, t. 3475 Lelia 
X elegans var. Broomeana, O’Brien in Gard. Chron., 1890, ii. p. 214; Orchid Album, 
ix, 413. E 

We may now consider the second hybrid, Lzlio-cattleya x Schilleriana, 
otherwise L. x purpurato-intermedia. 

This originally appeared in 1855, in the collection of Consul Schiller, of 
Hamburg, and was said to have been imported from Rio Janeiro, though it 


238 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


seems more probable that it came from the Santa Catherina district, 
original form had white flowers, and an obscurely three-lobed lip, 
lobe and tips of the side lobes amethyst-purple, a purple line aloe th 
and a little yellow in the throat. 

Round this original form a number of variations group th 
which, if less numerous than in the preceding, have been more mis 
stood, as will be seen by the under-mentioned synonymy. The 
Stelzneriana has a nearly entire lip, as in Lelia purpurata, with so 
yellow in the throat. The one called euspatha is very similar, but 
broader lip with yellow throat, and a slight flush of pink in the se 
petals. The variety irrorata has a three-lobed lip, and rather nar 
sepals and petals. Wolstenholmie has a nearly white ground with 
veins and dots of purple along the margins. The lip is narrow and 
entire, amethyst-purple in front with a maroon disc, and the sides 
paler. Warneri is a form with a nearly entire lip which, like the 
ceding, has hitherto been referred to L. x elegans. The form ¢ 
Lelia x elegans alba also belongs here, and has a three-lobed lip 
Cattleya intermedia. Lastly may be mentioned Lelia x Measure 
which is apparently also a variety of the present one. It has white flc 
with an entire lip, rose-coloured in front, and veined with purple in 
centre, and stained with yellow in the throat. 

As in the preceding case, we see in the present hybrid a distinct 
bination of characters derived from the parent species, both in the vege 
organs and flowers, and sometimes we find the entire lip of Leelia pu I 
at others the three-lobed one of Cattleya intermedia. Considering t 
marked difference between Cattleya Leopoldi and C. intermedia, t 
should be littledifficulty in distinguishing the two corresponding hybi 

The following list represents the various forms of the present hy - 


Lzlio-cattleya x Schilleriana, Rolfe in Gard. Chron. , 1889, ii. p. 155. 
Lelia X Schilleriana, Rchb. f. in Ofto and ce a oe rtenz., xxiii. p. 322. 
Bletia X Schilleriana, Rchb. f. in Wa alp. Ann. 
Lelia x elegans var. Schillevtane, Vettch Man. Sake il. ee 67, with fig. (* L. 
opposite . 65. é 
Lelia elegans var. a Burbidge in The Garden, xvii. p. 132, t. 218 ; Orchid 
i. t. 30; Vettch Man. Orch., ii. p. 66. 
Lelia x elegans var. Wolstenholme, Rchb.f. in Gard, Chron., 1865, p. 698 ; | 
Orch., ser. 2, t. 29 ; Orchid Album, vi. t. 285. 
lia X euspatha, Rchb. f, in pioat Gartenz., xvi. p. — Reichenbachia, § 
17,t. 8. Bletia ts hg sree Rchb. f. in Wadp, tie, vi. p. 4 
Lelia x irrorata, Rchb. f. in Ham. Gartenz., xv. Pp. 57 ; Rebb. f. in Gard. 
. p. en erie Sot) dd, 1887, ii. p. 520 (var. Gaskelliana). Bletia irrorat 
7M, Vl. De 4 
Lelia x or Rhee en Williams Orch. Gr. Man., ed. 6, p. 636 ; Or chid All 
Lelia X Stelzneriana, Rchb. f. in Hams, Gartenz., xvi. p. 282, also p. 420 5 
t. 1494; L. X elegans var. Stelzneri eriana, Vettrh Stak: Orch, ii. p. 67. 
Lelia x nips —— Williams Orch. Gr. Man., ed. 6, p. 358+ L. Wa 
Sel. Orch., ser. 3, t. 


Fl. 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 239 


NOVELTIES. 


SELENIPEDIUM SARGENTIANUM, Rolfe.—A new Selenipedium has appeared 
among the importations of Messrs. F. Sander and Co., of St. Albans, from 
the Pernambuco district, making the fourth Brazilian species now known. 
One, however, S. Isabelianum, Rodr., belongs to the section Foliosz, and 
is allied to S. Chica, Rchb. f., the fruits of both being used like Vanilla. 
The second is S. vittatum, Rchb. f., which is still very rare in cultivation, 
and the third, S. paulistanum,' is, I believe, only known in Europe by 
description. The present one, however, is more nearly allied to §S. 
Lindleyanum, from Mount Roraima, in British Guiana, to which it bears a 
general resemblance in shape and colour, though it differs in a variety of 
particulars, and especially in the presence of a pair of small white tubercles 
on the inner margin of the side lobes of the lip, by which it may at once be 
distinguished from every other. It is dedicated to Prof. C. S. Sargent, 
Director of the Harvard University Arboretum, and editor of Garden and 
Florist. Its characters are set forth in the accompanying description :— 


Lycaste Rosstana, Rolfe.—This is a yellow Lycaste allied to L. 
cruenta, Lindl., but the flowers are a little smaller, and the lip is without 
the basal cavity and the broad transverse maroon band seen in that species. 
The crest is also different in shape, and the disc bears numerous longish 
hairs which are not present in that species; yet it is quite different from L. 
crinita, Lindl., which also has a hairy disc. It appeared in the collection 
of H. J. Ross, Esq., of Florence, Italy, in June of the present year :— 

Sepals lanceolate-oblong, subacute, nearly 14 lin. long, greenish yellow with a few white 


hairs at base. Petals elliptical-oblong, subacute, 8 lin. broad, deep orange-yellow with a few 
light brown spots near the hairy base. Lip three-lobed, faintly barred with transverse brown 


lobes rounded ; crest rounded in front, 2 lin. broad ; free apex scarcely as long, with some 
longish hairs on the disc. Column g lin. long, yellow, its face hairy and mottled with light 
red-brown, which is darker and more suffused near the base. Habitat not recorded. 


"S. paulistanum, Rolfe. Cypripedium paulistanum, Rodr. Gen., e¢ Sp. Orch. nov., 1. 
(1877), p. 203.— Hab. S. Paulo, Brazil. 


240 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


C@LOGYNE CLARKEI, Kranzlin.—A botanical species belonging 
section Filiferze, introduced by- Messrs. F. Sander and Co., of St. 
which must be extremely close to C. prolifera, Lindl., if not identi 
it. The sepals and petals are described as light brown and the 1} 
yellowish brown, with a darker border to the front lobe and some 
spots on the side ones.—Gard. Chron., June 24th, p. 741. 


LUEDDEMANNIA PESCATOREI. 


A plant of this remarkable and handsome Orchid recently flowered 
Kew collection, its long pendulous raceme carrying about forty-five f 
and reminding one of an elongated Acineta, or Aérides, though the hak 
quite unlike that of the last-named. The sepals are yellow marked 
suffused with brown, and the petals and lip deep yellow. The lip 
three-lobed, the front lobe triangular and acute, with reflexed apex, tl 
lobes erect, and the disc hairy with an erect stout tooth at the base. 
also flowered at Glasnevin on two or three occasions during recent 
The species is a native of Ocana, growing in the mountains at about 6 
feet elevation, and was introduced in 1848 by M. Linden. Soon 
wards it flowered for the first time in Europe in the celebrated coll 
of M. Pescatore, at Paris. It was described by Lindley as Cycnoc 
Pescatorei, the author stating that the raceme was a yard long, and 
ninety-six flowers. It was afterwards elevated to the rank of a di 
genus by Reichenbach, which, notwithstanding some later observati 
evidently its true position. Bentham again referred the plant to Cyen 
with which it has no close affinity, either in habit or structure, and 
pretty evident that he had very little material on which to form an op 
But the most remarkable observations with regard to this singular | 
are those of Reichenbach, in a paper read at the Orchid Conference in 
(see Fourn. Roy. Hort, Soc., vii. p- 20), that Lueddemannias “ may be 
-of Acineta, perhaps also of Peristeria.” He bases the argument 
the fact that Messrs. Veitch had one year what appeared to be an 
demannia, while next year it produced the abominable inflores 


hermaphrodite, which precludes the possibility of their being unis 
besides which they have been produced in Europe on numerous oe 
though we have no authentic evidence of the production of a seco 
Such a striking plant is worthy of more extended culture, for we be# 
at present it is represented in very few collections. 
Lueddemannia Pescatorei, Lind. and Rchb. f. in Bonplandia ii. (1854); P» 2815 fF 
4. 22; Rolfe in Gard. Chron., 1889, ii. p. 183 ; Bot. Mag., t. 7123 
Cycnoches Pescatorei, Lindl. in Paxt. F/. Gard., i, (1850-1), p. 123+ 


THE ORCHID REVIE WV, 241 

PHAIUS x HYBRIDUS VAR. GRAVESII. 
Last year a fine hybrid Phaius flowered in the collection of D. O. 
Drewett, Esq., of Riding, Mill-on-Tyne, which had been obtained by cross- 


ing Phaius grandifolius with the pollen of P. Wallichii. In February last 
another equally fine form flowered in the collection of H. Graves, Esq., 


Fig, 13. PHAIUS X HYBRIDUS VAR. GRAVESII. 


5 Bs 


of Orange, New Jersey, U.S.A., which was raised from the reversed cross, 
P. Wallichii in this instance being the seed parent. It flowered when three 
and a half years old. The general habit and shape of flower is much like 
that of P, Wallichii - the flower five inches across, the sepals and petals 
cinnamon-brown in front and white behind, and the lip white with a yellow 


T5 


242 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


keel, and rose-pink in front. It was described as P. x Gravesii, but 
derived from the same two parents as P. x hybridus, which it nat 
much resembles, it must be considered as a variety of the same. Our 
tration is reproduced from a photograph kindly sent by Mr. R. M. 
Mr. Graves’ gardener. a 
Phaius X hybridus, O’Brien, var. Gravesii, Rolfe. 
P. X Gravesii, Grey in Gard. Chron., 1893, i. p. 357 3 Orch. Review, i. p. 167. 


NOTES ON ORCHIDS IN THE JUNGLE. 

By MAJOR-GENERAL E. S. BERKELEY. ee 
(Continued from page 210.) 

ALTHOUGH so many of the Stauroglottis section of Phalznopsis are f 
in the islands, there are some that are found on the mainland, and oth 
both on the mainland and in the various islands along the coast. 
I may particularly mention Phalzenopsis violacea, which is supposed 
be confined to Sumatra, in which locality it is known to vary very much 
colour. It is, however, found in Perak, on the mainland, and the va 
there found is very distinct from the Sumatran plant, béing of a uni 
rose-purple throughout, the only other colour being in the side lobes of t 
lip, which are yellow. 
Phalenopsis cornu-cervi, also belonging to this section, is found both ¢ 
the continent and in Java and Borneo. It is probably more Wi 
distributed than any other Phalznopsis, extending from 20° N. to 
Although growing under so many different conditions, the: flowers do 
vary in the same way as the other kinds. The largest and finest ph 
I ever saw were growing in great masses on the trunks of the | 
mango trees, in dense shade, in which position they flower very freely, 
it isa pity that we never see such fine plants in England, as under! 

conditions they produce, not only numerous flower-spikes, but flowe 
in form and shape, such as we have never seen in our English hothous 
Phalenopsis Parishii, another of this group, is continental, and 
recorded as having been found in any of the islands. The best vé 


“i 


Tobust than those found in the hills and exposed to very unfav! 
conditions during the dry season. This plant and Phalznopsis 
frequently deciduous in the countries in which they grow ; only a few 
in very favourable and sheltered positions retaining their leaves d 
dry season. 2 
Phalenopsis Lowii is found growing in the low-lying country about 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 243 


miles up the Ghine river, east of Moulmein. In the low river delta there 
are many small groups of limestone rocks, sometimes only a few feet above 
the plain, sometimes two hundred or more. It is on these rocks or clinging 
to the bushes that grow out of them that this plant is found, in company 
with Doritis Wightii. As Phalenopsis Lowii is such a charming plant, 
when well grown, it may not be out of place here to note that really strong 
plants of it are not deciduous in favourable positions in its native habitat, 
and therefore such plants should not be allowed to become deciduous in our 
English houses. With careful attention plants of this and also P. Parishii 
cease to be deciduous, and get sufficiently strong to retain their leaves all 
the year round. Athough rather troublesome to train the plant into 
sufficient strength, the trouble is well repaid by the production of strong 
instead of weak flower-spikes. In Moulmein I have seen spikes quite three 
feet long, with many side branches, and at least a hundred flowers out at 
one time. When grown thus it is a difficult plant to beat. Flowering, as 
it does, in October, when most people are in their country houses, it is well 
worth the attention of the gardener; a really well-grown plant could not fail 
to be appreciated. 

I may explain, for the benefit of gardeners and growers of these so- 
called deciduous Phalenopses, that the season during which they are at rest 
in the jungle, and lose their leaves, is very short. On the equator the rains 
only cease for about a month, and 15° N. of it only about two months 
so that growth recommences after a very short rest. If rested and allowed 
to become deciduous in our English houses, the resting season becomes 
much too long, the plant gets weaker and weaker and never does any good. 
I have now plants which have been eight years in England which retain 
their leaves all the winter, and are growing very strongly, and these always 
lose their leaves the first few seasons. My method is simply to keep the 
moss round the roots alive in the winter, which allows of sufficient moisture 
to prevent the leaves from drying up. 

Phalenopsis Esmeralda and its numerous varieties are also classed 
under the head of deciduous plants; they are no doubt deciduous when in 
€xposed positions in their native jungle, but they should never be grown as 
deciduous plants when in cultivation. The best variety of P. Esmeralda is, 
in my opinion, P. antennifera, principally because it is too robust in habit 
to be deciduous. This plant is not indigenous to Moulmein, but is brought 
up in quantity from the islands in the Mergui Archipelago, and I have 
seen the plant growing luxuriantly in Moulmein on heaps of clean gravel ; 
not that I would recommend growing the plant on gravel in England, where 
the conditions are so different. Free drainage is however advisable, and 
living moss throughout the year, to prevent the plant getting weak by losing 
its leaves. a dices i oes 
meee a, (To. be. continued.) 


Sai THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


THE HYBRIDIST. 


CYPRIPEDIUM X MULUS. 


THIs is a noble and handsome hybrid, which might be described in 
words as an enlarged Cypripedium x porphyrochlamys of a lighter sl 
One parent is, indeed, the same—namely, C. hirsutissimum—but in 
present instance it was used as the seed parent, not the pollen p: 
The pollen in this case was derived from C. Lawrenceanum, and as this sp 
is allied to C. barbatum, the seed parent of C. x porphyrochlamys, 
similarities and differences of the two hybrids are easily explained. In! 
mulus, the dorsal sepal is two and a quarter inches long by over two 
suffused with light purple on a pale ground, the nerves olive-green | 
darker spots near the base, but inclining to purple near the margin, W 
itself is white. The petals are over three inches long by three-quarter 
an inch broad, undulate, half-twisted near apex, and very ciliate, the 
part green, passing into light mauve-purple above, and with many blackis! 
brown shining dots. The lip is nearly two inches long, and suffuse 
light purple. The staminode is reniform and tridentate, light 

purple, with light yellow-green nerves. 


CYPRIPEDIUM xX WATSONIANUM. 


This is a bold and handsome hybrid, raised in the collection of M 
F. Sander and Co., of St. Albans, between Cypripedium x Harris 
nigrum $ and C. concolor 3, between which it is fairly intermedia 
character. Both the dorsal sepal and petals are remarkably flat. 
former is broadly ovate, nearly two inches wide, suffused with rosy 
veined with green in the centre and purple at the sides, the apical 
being nearly white. The petals are light rosy purple, with a dark 
nerve, and many suffused purple-brown spots forming a blotch near the 
on the upper half, the extreme base being light green. In shape 
elliptical-oblong, and two inches long. The lip is rather small and 
in colour almost wholly deep maroon-purple; and the staminode 
semi-circular, with a tricuspidate apex, the colour light rosy-purPp 
green reticulations in the centre and a deep maroon tip. It has the¢ 
habit and Shape so characteristic of the hybrids derived from Ci cc 
but in colour it approaches much nearer to the other parent. — 
dedicated, by request, to Mr. W. Watson, Assistant Curator of the } 
Gardens, Kew. 


SELENIPEDIUM x AINSWORTHII VAR. DELICATUM. 


A very beautiful hybrid has been raised by Captain Hincks, of 
House, Richmond, Yorks, between Selenipedium longifolium vat- 


LHE ORCHID REVIEW. 245 


sianum 2 and S. x Sedeni candidulum ¢, which almost combines the shape 
of S. x Ainsworthii with the colour of S. x Sedeni var. leucorrhodum. 
S. x Ainsworthii was derived from S. longifolium var. Roezlii 2 and S. x 
Sedeni ¢, and therefore our novelty must be considered a very light-coloured 
variety of the same. It is also a robust grower, and altogether a very 
promising plant. 


CYPRIPEDIUM X VIPANI VAR. ROSEUM. 


This charming little plant was raised by Mr. T. Bond, gardener to 
C. Ingram, Esq., of Godalming, from C. niveum $ and C. philippinense 
Roebelenii 3. It chiefly differs from the original type, raised by Captain 
Vipan, in having rather broader, more obtuse segments, which are some- 
what suffused with light purple. It. is densely spotted with light purple, 
chiefly along the nerves. 


CYPRIPEDIUM X MASSAIANUM. 


This is not only very handsome, but especially interesting as the first 
hybrid partly derived from C. Rothschildianum. C. x superciliare was the 
seed parent. The hybrid was exhibited by Messrs. F. Sander and Co., of 
St. Albans, the raisers, at a meeting of the Royal Horticultural Society, on 
July 11th last, and received an Award of Merit. The flowers were large, 
the upper sepal white, closely striped with chocolate red; the petals cream- 
white, tinged with green on the nerves, and profusely spotted with dark 
purplish crimson. The lip is large, tinged with rose in front, and paler 
behind. 


VANDA X MIss JOAQUIM. 


A hybrid, raised at Singapore by Miss Joaquim, between Vanda Hooker- 
iana and V. teres, two Orchids which are said to be cultivated in almost 
every garden in Singapore. It is said to have the general habit of V. teres, 
with the form of flower of V. Hookeriana and the colour of the other parent. 
The sepals and petals are rosy violet, and the lip violet rose at the margin, 
Passing into fiery orange, with a yellow disc. It is described as a very 
lovely plant, and a great improvement on both parents. It is being pro- 
, Pagated by cuttings in the Botanic Gardens, Singapore.—Ridley in Gard. 
Chron., June 24th, p. 740. 


MASDEVALLIA X REBECCA. 


A graceful eb, raised by Mr. Robinson, gardener to F. L. Ames, 
Esq., Longwater, North Easton, Mass., U.S.A., between Masdevallia ignea 
erubescens 2 and M. amabilis 7.. The flowers are intermediate in shape 


246 THE ORCHID REVIEW, 


and brilliant crimson-scarlet in colour.—Kranzlin in Gard. Chron., June 


24th, p. 740. 
MASDEVALLIA X HENRIETTA. 


A beautiful hybrid, raised in the same collection as the preceding, 
between M. ignea erubescens 2 and M. Shuttleworthii 2. The flowers are 
intermediate in shape, striped and suffused with purplish on a_ yellowish 
ground. The flowers of three different plants are said to vary, one type 
inclining more towards M. Shuttleworthii than the other.—Kranzlin in 
Gard. Chron., June 24th, p. 740. 


CYPRIPEDIUM X CLINKABERRYANUM. 


A handsome hybrid, raised by Messrs. Pitcher and Manda, between 
Cypripedium philippinense Roebelenii and C. Curtisii, and named after Mr. 
H. A. Clinkaberry, gardener to the Hon. C. G. Roebling, of Trenton, New 
Jersey, U.S.A., into whose collection the single plant raised has now passed. 
The upper sepal is white, with about twenty purple stripes, and the droop- 
ing petals creamy white, spotted all over with purplish crimson. ‘The lip 
is tinged with dull rose in front, paler behind. ‘It bears some resemblance 


to C. x Morganie in shape.—O’Brien in Gard. Chron., July 22nd, p. 86, 
fig. 18. 


HARDY ORCHIDS FROM SEED. 


ALTHOUGH so much success has been attained in this country in raising 
tropical Orchids from seed, very little is known about the raising of hardy 
ones, and we are therefore the more pleased to be able to call attention 
to so interesting a subject. In a little work by M. Correvon, of Geneva, 
entitled, Les Orchidées Rustiques, a summary is given of what is know? 


on the subject, as we learn from a recent issue of the Gardeners’ Chromicle, 


from which we extract the following particulars. 
M. Correvon has reproduced the directions laid down by M. Moe 


Curator of the Botanic Garden, Christiania, and as the latter has ar 
ceeded in raising nearly all the Orchids indigenous to Scandinavia : 


este atin: Epipactis, no further recommendation is necessary. 
¢ bd . e. 
A mixture is made of one part peat, one of leaf mould, and one of at 


wood or pine, decomposed, but not too much crumbled, and to this ® 


added a little dry moss broken into small pieces (Hypnum by preference) 
a little swampy peat broken up, and a very small quantity of pine-needles : 
ssed into the pots where seeds are t0'® 
sown, and in them are planted _ 


A 


A little of this mixture is pre 


three or four living mosses (small spe¢ 


Mi 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 247 


by preference, such as Dicranium, Mnium, Bryum argenteum, etc.). 
Then the seeds are sown on and between these plants of moss, and the 
pots placed in a case or frame containing a little water, so that the earth 
in the pots becomes thoroughly moist. Whilst moisture is thus always 
ensured, at the same time the soil is prevented from becoming saturated. 
Then the case is put on a hot-bed of moderate temperature, with no 
ventilation for a fortnight, and with slight shade from the sun.” 

The method followed by the Count du Buysson is a very simple one, 

and is practically a reproduction of what occurs in a natural state. Its 
success may be taken for granted, though it would appear that the interest 
of watching the seedlings through their various stages of development is 
lost. 
‘The plan I have adopted,” says he, ‘‘ for managing these Orchids is 
very simple. Besides the tubers that I transplant just when their leaves 
begin to turn yellow (unfailing mark of their maturity), I moisten the 
stems bearing the capsules, and place them in my conservatory in pots 
full of sand, and so the seeds ripen. I scatter them over the lawn, 
removing the stem, among my clumps of trees, choosing as far as possible 
a soil and situation similar to the spots whence I gathered them.” 

In a little brochure published last year on this subject, entitled, Unser 
heimischen Orchideen, M. Alexandre Wurtenberger speaks of the seeds of 
Bavarian Orchids as follows :-— 

“ Although the various genera of Orchids generally manifest different 
requirements with regard to the soil, all the species may be sown in the 
same composition; it may be in a mixture of one part leaf-mould, one 
of sand, and two of loam. Sowing must be done in early spring, in small, 
well-drained cases which are filled with this compost, properly propor- 
tioned and sifted. The earth is smoothed down with a small board, then 
covered all over with two inches of snow, and it is on this that the 
Orchid seed is sown. Then the cases are moved into a place where 
the snow melts rapidly, after which on the surface of the soil a light 
layer of chopped moss is spread, and a plate of glass put over the box. 
Finally, the seeds are placed on a hot-bed. At the end of some weeks 
the seedlings appear; the moss covering is then carefully raised and 
shade given, If the cold is to be maintained, and the seeds left to 
germinate, as it does in Nature, this takes a longer time. When the 
plants can be taken hold of with the tweezers, they must be pricked out 
into other boxes, and in a similar mixture of earth to the former, but 
with the addition now of a little lime. ; a 

“Then the growth and development of the seedlings 1s hastened by 

: as ' = d, at the end of some 
placing the pricking-out boxes on a hot-bed, ei , : 
weeks, they can be transported into borders specially prepared to le 
them. They must then be drawn from the box where they were pricke 


248 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


out, care being taken to keep a little ball of earth round them, and to 
place them near enough to each other to afford mutual protection. ge: 

“The earth in which Orchids are planted should not be rich, and should — 
contain as little organic matter as possible; if the soil of the garden ts 
too light, good fresh earth must be added. In any case, it is important 
to be sure that the earth has received no dung or other manure, as Orchids — 
much object to it. It is stated that Orchid plants thus raised from seed 
are much more healthy and succeed better than those which are trans 
planted from their natural habitats. Seed-sowing also affords an oppor 
tunity for obtaining new forms and varieties.” : 

Judging by the differences in the methods adopted, success does not 
depend upon the carrying out of every minute detail here described, but 
upon an intelligent adoption of a few general principles, which shall secure 
to the young seedlings similar conditions to those under which they occur 
in Nature. And these are sufficiently varied. Some species are quite at 
home in an ordinary border, or wild garden, if other things are not allowed 
to crowd them out. Some grow in marshy spots, and too much drought 
is fatal to their well-being. Others absolutely refuse to grow unless lime 
is present in the soil. The abundance of some species in certain localities 
affords evidence that seeds germinate pretty freely where their natural 
wants are supplied, and we can only hope that these remarks will induce 
others to pay more attention to these delightful little plants. And now 
that our knowledge of hybridisation has progressed so far, the possibility af 
raising new and distinct forms should not be lost sight of, especially as 
several very distinct natural hybrids occur on the continent of Europe, and 
are not unrepresented in Britain. Here is assuredly a very promising field 
for experiments. 


CALENDAR OF OPERATIONS FOR AUGUST. — 


By W. H. Wuire, Burford, Dorking. 
es tie as the exceptional tropical weather continues there will be 7. 
necessity to use much artificial heat in either division. During the daytime 
~ Proper temperatures are easily maintained by sun-heat alone, but 
although the nights are very mild, it is not advisable to dispense with fire- 
heat altogether. By judiciously regulating the fires and keeping the pipes 

eee warm in the hottest divisions, a freer circulation of air can be main’ 
tained than when none is used. At the same time it will counteract and 
help the plants to send off any superabundance of moisture that may bathe 
accumulated after sunset. Again, during the night, if the houses are to0 : 
damp, just when the temperatures are lower than they should be, the plant” 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 249 


may receive a chill, and possibly many of the most valuable become spotted 
and irretrievably ruined. Therefore it is even better to use the smallest 
possible amount of fire-heat in the warmer houses at night than none at all. 
There are, of course, exceptional times when fire-heat must be discontinued, 
especially when any alterations or additions are made to the heating 
apparatus, when the atmosphere should be kept proportionately dryer, by 
damping down earlier in-the afternoon, and using less water than usual. By 
closing up the house with sun-heat a fairly warm temperature can be main- 
tained during the early hours of the night. Before finishing up, say at 10 
p-m., put some top-ventilation on, to carry off any superfluous moisture. 

It is now the best time of yearjto overhaul and put the heating apparatus in 
working order, so as to make sure that the maintenance of the proper tempera- 
tures can be obtained when required. A matter of considerable importance, 
when the weather is suitable, is to thoroughly cleanse out the pipes and boilers, 
making sure if possible that no accumulation of dirt or sediment remains at 
the bottom of the boiler. If this is neglected the probabilities are that the 
fire will burn through at the spot where the dirt has settled, causing the 
boiler to break down just when the weather is most severe. Examine and 
test all pipes, and if any of them are cracked, or if there be any loose or 
worn-out packing in the joints, these should be repaired at once. At the 
same time see that the valves and air-taps work easily. 

A few of the deciduous Dendrobiums, as D. Wardianum, crassinode, 
aureum, &c., will now be finishing up this season’s growth, and as soon 
as the terminal leaf is completed, gradually diminish the quantity of 
water at the root; but the plants should not be allowed to become too dry at 
this stage, or they will start again into growth, and fail to produce their 
full complement of flowers. Neither should they be removed from their 
growing quarters immediately growth is made, for it will be observed that 
many of the earlier roots are sending forth a quantity of lateral rootlets, 
which must be encouraged as far as possible, as much depends on them for 
the quality of the blooms. When these young rootlets have a firm hold of 
the compost it will be time to.remove the plants to a cooler and drier 
atmosphere. It is not advisable to expose them to full sunshine at once, 
but the shading must be gradually reduced, by letting the blinds down an 
hour later in the morning, and pulling them up earlier than usual in the 
afternoon, until it can be dispensed with altogether. When fully exposed to 
the sun’s rays, the leaves soon turn yellow, and, although unsightly, should 
not be cut off, but allowed to fall off naturally. Water must now be care- 
fully given, as oftentimes the sphagnum on the surface appears to be quite 
dry while underneath it is the reverse. If the roots are kept in a constantly 
Moist condition when the plants are at rest, they will prematurely decay ; at 
is therefore safer to err on the dry than on the wet side. Once a week will 
be sufficient until the flower buds show, when more will be required. Give 


250 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


plenty of air both top and bottom, taking care to avoid cold draugt 
All other,Dendrobiums that are now in full growth must have liberal tt 
ment, both at the root and in the atmosphere. by 

Calanthes’are nowgrowing vigorously, and require an abundant supply 
of moisture at the root, but it must be given with discretion, or spot ani 
disease will be the result. Where the pots have become full of roots 
alternate waterings with liquid cow-manure will be conducive to the forma. 
tion of stout bulbs and strong flower spikes. Previous to using the manure, | 
strain it through a piece of fine muslin, so as to remove all particles of solid 
matter, which if not separated from the liquid would, after a few applica 
tions, stop up the pores of the compost. Do not apply the stimulant too 
strong at first; about one gallon to three of water will be sufficient for the 
first three or four waterings, but afterwards it may be increased to one halt 
of each. As the young roots appear on the surface, place a thin layer of 
lumpy fibrous loam lightly over them, into which they will readily push 
their way, and grow fast, sending up splendid spikes in due season. 

There are some Orchids which are far more difficult to cultivate that 
others, and among these may be classed such Mexican Lelias as 
autumnalis, albida, furfuracea, and Gouldiana. I may say that thousands 
of these plants have been imported, which after blooming for two or three 
seasons have become exhausted; in the majority of cases never to be brought ) 
round again to their former condition. To see established plants that have | 
been satisfactorily grown, and produced good spikes for six or seven 
secutive seasons is a rarity, but by careful watching and intelligent observ 
tions as to their requirements under our artificial treatment, the. successil 
cultivation of these beautiful Lzelias may no doubt be accomplished. Since 
the last flowering season, and up to the present time, our plants have ee 
hanging close to the roof glass in a comparatively dry, cool, and well-aireé 
house, where they have made large quantities of young roots ; but now the} | 
are starting into growth they will be placed in the Mexican house. To 
plants require but little Shading at any time, and delight in almost “| 
amount of sun-heat, provided the house be well ventilated. When : ut 
growth a constant supply of water at the root is necessary. By closing 
the house early in the afternoon, and at the same time pulling up the bin =| 
and well syringing the foliage, the plants will make stronger and lar 
bulbs than when grown ina close, shady atmosphere. At night, with’ 
outside temperature at 50°, the top and bottom ventilators may be par” 
opened and left so until the morning, when they should be opened i 

Lelia majalis is another beautiful Mexican species that is usually ¢ a 
cult to manage. Block treatment seems to suit this plant better than iy 
Pot or basket. Coming as it does from a very high elevation, it G0 | 


require so much heat as the preceding, but it must have all the sum 
possible. : aa 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 251 


The species of Barkeria, as B. elegans, Lindleyana, Skinneri, and cyclo- 
tella, are well worthy of attention, their pretty spikes presenting a gay 
appearance during the dull season. They thrive best when fastened to teak 
rafts, upon which is placed some living sphagnum moss, and suspended close 
to the roof of the intermediate house, where they will get plenty of light but 
not actual sunshine. Barkerias, like many other Orchids, are very sensible 
as to their likes and dislikes, and when once the cultivator has found the 
place that suits them, he had better let them remain there. 

Now that plants of Miltonia vexillaria have commenced to grow, they 
may be repotted, but before this operation is commenced the grower should 
make quite sure that they are perfectly free from insects, by well washing 
the growths in some safe insecticide, and afterwards cleansing them in clear 
soft water. As these plants form numerous fibrous roots, which love to 
push their way in and out on the surface of the compost, they require a 
larger space to ramble in than is afforded to the majority of Orchids. There- 
fore use rather large, well-drained pots, placing the plants into a shallow 
compost of clean sphagnum moss, with a little fibrous peat and a fair 
sprinkling of small broken crocks. After repotting, water the plants very 
sparingly, using a fine rose watering-can for the purpose, and giving just 
enough to entice the sphagnum to grow. As the roots lengthen and lay 
hold of the sides of the pot, a more liberal supply of moisture will be neces- 
sary. The temperature of the cool house where they will get plenty of fresh 
air will be the most suitable place for them, until the nights commence to 
get chilly, when they should be removed to their former growing quarters 
in the intermediate house. 

Few groups of plants produce flowers of such brilliancy and variation in 
colour as Masdevallias, and why they are not more generally cultivated I 
am ata loss to understand. The majority of Masdevallias are amongst the 
most easily cultivated of all Orchids, and where a fairly representative col- 
lection is grown, and well managed, there are always some species in flower 
throughout the year. Such showy and gorgeous varieties as M. Veitchiana, 
M. ignea, M. coccinea and its many distinct varieties of the Harryana type, 
produce a splendid effect when intermixed with the charming spikes of 
Odontoglossum crispum. The dwarfer species, as M. caudata Shuttleworth, 
Arminii, hieroglyphica, Estrade, ludibunda, Wageneriana, and the hand- 
some garden hybrids M. x Courtauldiana and M. x Geleniana, all form 
pretty objects when covered with their elegant flowers. Another dwarf grow- 
ing species which deserves to be mentioned is the extraordinary M. muscosa, 
which is quite distinct from all others, especially in the sensitive lip, which 
Suddenly closes up on the slightest touch. A full account of the cones 
mechanism by which this is effected may be found in Messrs. Veitch s 
Manual of Orchidaceous Plants (part v- P- 55)- Some Masdevallias are 
grown principally for the singularity and quaintness of their flowers, as M. 


252 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


coriacea, M. maculata, M. ephippium, M. peristeria, M. elephanticeps, 
all of which prove a source of great interest to the botanist and loverd — 
curiosities; while others of the small-flowered and less showy section, as 
M. gemmata, M. Wendlandiana, M. melanopus, M. tridactylites, and M ) 
porcelliceps, are all very pretty, and equally interesting from a bo nic 3 
point of view. These latter, with the dwarf-growing species, should be 
placed in small hanging-pans, with their leaves well up to the light, and 
must on no account ever be allowed to get dry at the root. ae 4 | 
The best months for repotting these plants are about the end of August 

or February. Masdevallias are vigorous rooting plants, and accordingly 
require pots of sufficient size for the development of their roots. The pots 
should be two-thirds full of drainage, using as a compost peat and mossil 
equal proportions, with a sprinkling of broken crocks. In potting, keep the 
base of the plants about on a level with the rim of the pots, and pot 
moderately firm, but not so hard as to prevent the water rushing rapidly 
through the compost. The critical time with these plants is just altel 
potting, and before the roots have a firm hold. At this time it is an eas} 
matter to over-water them, thereby causing the loss of many leaves. At 
first, water very sparingly, but when thoroughly re-established, never allow 
the plants to become dry at the roots. Where it is possible to have @ 
Structure especially devoted to these cool-growing plants, I would recom: 
mend a lean-to house facing east or north-east, where a cool and humid 
atmosphere can be maintained during the hottest weather, for Masdevallias, 
like the New Granadan Odontoglossums, are often injured and stunted 10 
growth by our hot dry summers. : 
At this time of the year, by carefully regulating the shading and venti | 

tion, and damping down two or three times a day, the temperature aff 
house may be kept a few degrees below that of the external air. 


ORCHID PORTRAITS. 
GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE. 


GRAMMATOPHYLLUM SANDERIANUM. This is nothing but Grammatophy 
Speciosum ; a sketch of the monster plant introduced by Messrs. F. 9 
and Co., of St. Albans, and presented by them to Kew, where it may? 
‘seen in the Victoria-house.—July Ist, p. 15; also woodcut om P+ 
index to previous volume. ge 
Luisia Amestana, Rolfe. An interesting species, introduced 
Burmah by Messrs. H. Low and Co., of Clapton, with Vanda KimP 
aed alterwards by Messrs. F. Sander and Co., of St. Albans, with 
‘whom it has flowered, A plant was exhibited by Sir Trevor ™% 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 253 


Bart., at the last Temple Show, and received a Botanical Certificate. This 
is incorrectly said to be the first to flower in England.—July 8th, p. 32, 
fig. 8 

LuIsIA voLucris, Lindl. A very peculiar plant, whose lip is appressed 
to the stem of the plant, so that an insect crawling up the stem might 
easily find its way to the flower, and thus carry off the pollen. The lip is 
deep purple-brown, and the sepals and petals very pale green. It also 
‘received a Botanical Certificate, together with the preceding.—July 8th, 
Pp- 32, fig. 9g. 

LuISIA PSYCHE, Rchb.f. Another Luisia, perhaps the prettiest in the 
genus, whose flowers look like some curious insect on the wing.—July 8th, 
PP- 32, 34, fig. II. 

CYPRIPEDIUM X CLINKABERRYANUM, O’Brien. (See p. 246 of our present 
issue.)—July 15th, p. 86, fig. 18. 


GARDENERS’ MAGAZINE. 
STANHOPEA AMESIANA. Evidently only a variety of Stanhopea Lowii 
(supra, June, p. 177, fig. 12). The flowers are said to be waxy white, with 
the faintest tinge of pink on the petals.—June 24th, p. 352, with figure. 


GARDENING WORLD. 


EvULOPHIELLA ELISABETH2, L. Lind. and Rolfe.—July 8th, pp. 705, 
799, with fig. 
JOURNAL DES ORCHIDEES. 


LA&LIA PURPURATA VAR. FasTUoSA. A handsome dark variety, with 
rose-coloured sepals and petals, the latter flamed with a darker shade. 
—June 15th, pp. 102, 103, fig. 57- 

L2LIA PURPURATA VAR. MajesTIcA. A handsome white variety, with 
the front lobe of the lip striped with rosy violet, and suffused with the same 
shade in the throat—June 15th, pp. 104, 105, fig. 58. 


JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE 


CyprIpepIuM xX CHARLES RicuMaN. A hybrid raised in the collection 
of C. Richman, Esq., Springfield, Trowbridge, between Cypripedium bella- 
tulum and C. barbatum. It received an Award of Merit from the Royal 
Horticultural Society on May gth last—June 29th, p 517, fig. 92. 

CyprIPepIuM VOLONTEANUM GIGANTEUM.—July 13th, p. 27, fig. 4. 


LINDENIA. 


MAXILLARIA CALLICHROMA, Rchb, f. An interesting species, discovered 
long ago by Wagener in Venezuela, at 6,000 feet elevation. It is nearly 


oe THE. ORCHID REVIEW. 


allied to the well-known M.. luteo-alba, Lindl., though smaller in al 
parts.—t. 376. : us 

BRASSIA BICOLOR, Rolfe. A Peruvian species, allied to B.- 
phthalma, Rchb.f, from the same country. It was introduced by} 
Linden, of Brussels, with whom it recently flowered, The flowers a 
yellowish green, the lower halves of the sepals and petals and. base: 
lip spotted and suffused with brown.—t. 377. 

LycastE SKINNERI, Lindl., VAR. PURPUREA, Hort. A very hands an 
variety, with pale rose-coloured sepals, much darker, crimson- “Spo peta 
and a white lip, with a few spots on the side lobes.—t. 378. 

ANGR2&CUM ARTICULATUM, Rchb. f. A graceful species, from M 
gascar, much like a smaller edition of the well-known A. Ellisii, Rchb. f- 
t. 379. 


ORCHIDOPHILE. 


CYPRIPEDIUM CAUDATUM, Lindl., var. LiInpDENI, N. E. Br. — Mare 
p. 80, with plate. 
DENDRoBIUM x CassiopE, Rolfe—April, pp. 105, 106, with fig. 


REICHENBACHIA. 


Part IV. of Volume II. of the second series contains :— 

DENDROBIUM JOHNSONLE, F. Muell. A rare and beautiful 
Guinea species, known in gardens as D. Macfarlanei, Rchb. f, though 
former is its correct name. The large flowers are white, the side lo 
the lip striped with rosy purple and the crest yellow.—p. 27, t- 61: 

_ LLI0-cATTLEYA X BEHRENSIANA, Hort. A handsome hybrid, 
from Lelio-cattleya x Schilleriana 2 and Cattleya Loddigesil 
flowers are light blush, with the front lobe of the lip amethyst-puP 
p. 20, t: 62. “ 

CALANTHE xX VicToRIA-REGINA, Hort. A handsome hybrid, with! 
pink flowers and a trace of lemon-yellow in the throat of the lip—P 
t. 63, fig. r. : 

CALANTHE X BELLA, Rchb.f. Flowers light whitish rose, with # 
deep maroon blotch on the lip. —p. 31, t. 63, fig. 2. 

‘CALANTHE X BURFORDIENSE, Hort. Flowers intense rosy ca 
re lip a little paler, with a dark blotch in the throat.—P- 31, & 3 

§- 3- 

CaTTLEYA MENDELI, Qvuornpon House variety. A Very fine 
variety, the sepals and petals with a faint blush suffusion, the lip 
few faint reddish lines on the disc, and a little lemon-yellow on the 
the throat. It appeared in the collection of W. E. Farha 
Quorndon House, Loughborough, and at the sale of that collect 
purchased by G. Hardy, Esq., of Timperley, for 220 guineas.—P- 339 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 255 
REVUE HORTICOLE. 


VANDA TRICOLOR, Lindl., VAR. WALLICHH, André. Said to be a plant 
mentioned by Lindley in his Genera and Species of Orchidaceous Plants, as 
among the Indian plants of the great botanical collector, Wallich. But 
there is no such plant in the work named, nor in the later Folia Orchidacea, 
where Lindley gave an account of Vanda tricolor. Further, the species is 
only known from Java.—July 16th, p. 328, with plate. 


ORCHIDS AT THE ROYAL HORTICULTURAL 
SOCIETY. 
By JOHN WEATHERS. ’ 

Ir cannot be said that the display of Orchids at the Society’s Gardens, 
Chiswick, on July 11th, was equal to any which has been seen at the Drill 
Hall, Westminster, during the year. The powers of the Orchid Committee 
on this occasion were not severely taxed, only two ‘‘ Award of Merit” 
Certificates being granted. One of these went to Messrs. F. Sander and 
Co., St. Albans, for Cypripedium x Massaianum (C. x superciliare ? x C. 
Rothschildianum %), a hybrid with marbled leaves and a large flower, the 
whitish upper sepal of which was striped with dark purple, the broad ciliate 
petals being white tinged with green and spotted with deep crimson, while 
the lip was shaded with pale rose. From the same establishment came the 
pale cream and crimson Aérides Picotianum; the chaste Burlingtonia 
pubescens; the round-leaved Trichocentrum tigrinum, with large white lip 
and purple-blotched sepals and petals ; Renanthera matutina, &c. 

The second Award of Merit was given to Cypripedium Stonei var. Can- 
naertianum, exhibited by Thos. Statter, Esq., F.R.H.S., Whitefield, Man- 
chester (gr. Mr. R. Johnson). This is a remarkable plant, with a large 
white and crimson upper sepal, and broad yellowish petals dotted down the 
centre with a line of crimson, and washed with brownish crimson at the 
tips. Mr. Statter also exhibited the orange-scarlet Lelia monophylla, and 
cut blooms of Lzlio-cattleya x Amesiana and Cattleya x Brymeriana. 

W. C. Clark, Esq., Sefton Park, Liverpool (gr. Mr. Jones), sent a three- 
flowered spike of the beautiful Cattleya Rex. 

Messrs. W. L. Lewis and Co., Chaseside, Southgate, exhibited Cypri- 
pedium x Bradshawianum, which seems to be the result.of a cross between 
C. Lawrenceanum and C. Spicerianum, and very much resembles C. x 

radiosum—which it probably is. 
Messrs. Hugh Low and Co., Clapton, as usual, contributed a pretty 
group, in which were Aérides I’Ansoni, Epidendrum nemorale, nee 
articulatum, Vanda Kimballiana, the ivory-white Stanhopea Amesiana, 
Oncidium Lanceanum, and several Cattleyas. 


256. THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


Messrs. B. S. Williams and Son, Upper Holloway, among a 
stove and greenhouse plants, exhibited a fine Lelia Digbyana and 
Cattleyas, which, from their surroundings, were rendered conspicuc 


CORRESPONDENCE, &c. 


Mr. W. Holmes, gr. to G. Hardy, Esq., Pickering Lodge, Timperley, Cheshire, 
superb inflorescence of Lzlio-cattleya x elegans Turneri and Cattleya x calum 
latter a rare and very beautiful hybrid raised by M. Bleu, of Paris, from C.i 
and C. Aclandiw. The Odontoglossum enclosed for determination is O. au 
Rolfe. 


A two-flowered scape of Lycaste Deppei has appeared in the collection of Alex. 
kinson, Esq., The Grange, Wilmslow, Cheshire. This is very unusual, and we h 
before met with a similar instance. Mr. Hodgkinson also encloses a photograph 
imported plant of Dendrobium Falconeri, with 158 flowers, most of them over three 
across, and very richly coloured. It is certainly a very handsome specimen. 

Mr. A. Van Imschoot, of Mont-St.-Amand, Ghent, sends several very interesting 0 
particularly Vanda alpina, a Himalayan species allied to V. cristata, and very 
cultivation. Trichopilia albida, T. Wageneri, Lycaste leucantha, Brassia macula 
others are also included. 

Odontoglossum Galeottianum comes for determination from Mr. C. Clarke, Ri 
Cottage, Brandon, Suffolk. It is rather curious that this plant almost invariably 
with O. Cervantesii. A note about it will be found at p. 215. 

Messrs. Pitcher and Manda send a flower of ‘Sobralia macrantha Princess 
which they imported with S. xantholeuca. It is a little faded, but the flower appears! 
white with a faint flush of pink, and the disc of the lip lemon-yellow. But is it not@ vi 
of S. xantholeuca, not of S. macrantha? : 

Epidendrum campylostalix, Rchb, f., comes for determination from Mr. W. B. 
Curator, Edgbaston Botanical Gardens, Birmingham. It is a very rare species, from 
Rica and Guatemala. 

Cycnoches Rossianum, Rolfe, has again flowered in the collection of H. J- R 
Florence, Italy. A raceme to hand measures over a yard long, and bears t 
flowers. The appearance is very curious, and is not inaptly compared to a lot of m 
climbing up a rope. The Brassia enclosed for determination is B. brachiata, Lindl. 

V. L. Lewis and Co., Southgate.— We fail to recognise the Eria sent. 4 
_ Cattleya Mendeli La Vierge is a very striking variety of Cattleya Mendeli wh 
lust flowered in the collection of H. Little, Esq., of Baronshalt, East Twickenham é 
characterised by the total absence of any yellow on the disc of the lip, that CoS 
replaced by white. The front lobe is rosy purple. Another plant shows the 0 
extreme, in having the disc deep orange yellow, almost like Cattleya Eldorado. 
however, only a variety of C. Mendeli, approaching one called C. Kimballiana 
believe is only a variety of C. Mendeli. 
. A se form of Cypripedium tonsum is now flowering in the collection of 0. 
we — Hall, Bury, Lancashire, as we learn from him. The flower mé&% 
ra Ho, inches from tip to tip of the petals, and four and three-quarter inches 
Sechinarbe te, sepal to the apex of the lip. Mr. Wrigley states that it 18 8° 
us peat and crocks, as are all his Cypripedia. 


ORCHIDS 
A SPEGIALITY. 


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ORCHIDS! 
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ESTABLISHED & IMPORTED. 


INSPECTION CORDIALLY INVITED. 


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Cordially invite their English Patrons and Visitors to pay a visi ; 
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RGE IMPORTATIONS FROM ALL PARTS OF THE WORLD CONSTANTLY 


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A visit 


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Vou 1] SEPTEMBER, 1803. 


ORCHID REVIE 


DEVOTED EXCLUSIVELY TO ORCHIDOLOGY 
IN ALL ITS BRANCHES. 


Contents. 
- PAGE Cc R 
“a ... 257 | Cypripedium Regine ... wee 
Stanhopea iiGdora ee « 's. irae ns 258 | Satyrium Guthriei_... eas The 
‘ The History of Orchid a at lt Notices of Books asi wed ine 
=. (Part VOL) + «+. 289 | Epidendrum eburneum © Se 
_ Cattleya mene Hardyana oe ... 263 | Cattleya Mendelii wh 14) .. 
— sane) vee 6 | Galleandra nivalis ~ .., 
sae vee 205 Seedling Orchids ws 
© a Burbidgeana Pot ... 265 | Hybrid Odontoglossums (Pa: 
Lelia Lucas us se 268 | Calendar of Operations for 
So Noeanae ; -.., 265 | Odontoglossum Londesborough 
. 5/866 rchid P $s 
. 266 | Continental Notes 
.. 267 | Cypripedium x Clotilde Moens 
268 | Orchids at Royal Horticultural 


Correspondence, etc. 


E ONE SHILLING. . 


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The Editors invite short communications on interesting -subjects, also 

-y of rarities. 
All communications and Books for review, should be addressed The eee 
“THE Orcuip Review, Lawn Crescent, Kew, and should be sent as early in the 

month as poss‘ble. 

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CULTIVATED UNDER GLASS IN GREAT BRITAIN. 


sit 
war contains descriptions of all the most important species and varieties in cultivation, their win, i i : 


Date of ng ag in, to principal 2° 

; gether poe Cultural Notes, &c., &c. : 
Tt i is bein a and cultivators of exotic Orchids with a fullér account of the : 

species, han is contained in the Manuals hithe rto in use. tse for 20 ES 


of Orchid caltine < one the last quarter of a ertend, resulting from the increased _ which a 


and interesting order of plants, has in our opinion, created the desideratum 


es and varities of Orchids at present in cultivation, and to piseer additions "anual 5 sr 
- étiesntind iby ripe Sole imo that the labour attending the co ilation of 2 
meet ot the we of cultivators must ni demand 


aso emand much time. sl 
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Most important genera, or of a group of genera. 


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from this 1 “ovis only. 
— 


Roval. © Exot 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


Vor. I.] SEPTEMBER, 1893. [No. 9. 


NOTES. 


Two meetings of the Royal Horticultural Society will be held at the Drill 
Hall, James Street, Victoria Street, Westminster, during September, on the 
12th and 26th respectively, when the Orchid Committee will meet at 12 
noon, The usual Certificates are offered. 


Another decade of New Orchids described by Mr. Rolfe appeared in the 
July number of the Kew Bulletin, which was issued late in the month. 
These are noticed on a later page. 


The first part of the volume of Martius’ Flora Brasiliensis devoted to 
Orchids has appeared; also the commencement of a work devoted to 
figures of South African Orchids, by Mr. Bolus. Both are reviewed else- 
where. 


An additional species of Coryanthes has now flowered in cultivation, 
making the fourth addition to the genus in less than that number of years. 
It is the remarkable C. Wolfii, a native of Ecuador, and Mr. F. W. Moore, 
of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Glasnevin, has apparently the honour of 
flowering it first in Europe. . 


Information with regard to the remarkable genus Catasetum is slowly 
accumulating, as the female flowers of C. maculatum have now appeared at 
Kew. It is fortunate that these plants have lately received more attention. 
Their sportive character is now well-known, and we hope that any of. our 
Teaders who may flower both sexes. on the same plant, or female flowers 
only, will let us see them. 

17 


258 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


A female of Cycnoches pentadactylon has also appeared in the same 
collection, where males only have been produced on former occasions. Its 
history and a figure are given on pages 73 and 162. This genus is also 
deserving of more attention. It is strange that no one has re-introduced 
the beautiful C. aureum, from Chiriqui. Now that their cultivation is better 
understood, this should be attempted. ? 


STANHOPEA INODORA AND S. GRAVEOLENS. 


Stanhopeas are not exactly popular garden plants, though many of the 
species are scattered about in various collections. Their flowers are both — 
large and handsome, though rather too fleeting. Stanhopea inodora was 
described and figured by Lindley nearly fifty years ago, but that author did 
not preserve a flower, and the species was soon lost sight of. Even 
Reichenbach never appears to have known it, for what he describes and 
figures under this name is S. graveolens, Lindl. The true plant has, 
however, again appeared in cultivation, in the collection of W. C. Walker, 
Esq., Percy Lodge, Winchmore Hill, whose gardener, Mr. G. Cragg, states 
that it was received from Mexico. This circumstance affords an opportunity 
to point out the confusion into which it has fallen. It was originally 
imported from Mexico by Messrs. Loddiges, of Hackney, with whom it 
flowered in June, 1843. The sepals and petals are of the lightest whitist 
yellow, and the lip ivory white, with the lower half of the hypochil yellow” 
and a more or less clearly defined purple-brown blotch on either side. 

S. graveolens was described in 1840, from a plant which flowered in the 
collection of the Hon. and Rev. W. Herbert, said to have been purses” 
from Mr. ‘late, who imported it from Peru. In later accounts the habitat 
is given as “ Guatemala ? ” though without any explanation for the change 
Lietz, however, has since collected it in Brazil, from which it seems proba 
that it is a native of the adjacent parts of Peru and Brazil. In colour it 


more yellow ; but it is always very easily distinguished by the presence” 
a large sac underneath the hypochil, as in S. Devoniana, 
flowers are also powerfully fragrant, while in S. inodora I 
Lindley stated, practically scentless. 

Here is the amended synonymy of the two species :— 


¥. Stanhopea inodora, Lodd., ex. Lind/. Bot. Reg., xxi. t. 65 ; #d: 
p. 2. Native of Mexico. : 6 
2. Stanhopea graveolens, Lind/. Bot. Re wvi., Afisc. » id, xxKiny SUD ES 
, : ~ Reg. xxvi., Misc, p. 59 5 4 ’ ee 
Fo i. Orch. Stanhop., p. 4; Fl. d. Serres, tt. 69, 70, Gartenflora, xl., P. 201, t 1345 
Lietzei, Regel). S. inodora, Rchd. f, Xen. Orch, ii. p. 157, t. 165 (non Lindl.) ia 
R. Ae 


Fol. Orch. Stankis 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 259 


HISTORY OF ORCHID HYBRIDISATION. 
Part VIII. 
(Continued from page 229.) 
SEVERAL other hybrids appeared in 1888, which may now be briefly 
noted :— 
From the establishment of Messrs. James Veitch and Sons, of Chelsea :— 

Cattleya x Cassandra, derived from Cattleya Loddigesii? and Leelio- 
cattleya x elegans. It has since been referred to Lelio-cattleya. 

Lelia x Euterpe, an elegant little hybrid derived from Lelia pumila 
Dayana ¢ and L. crispa ¢. 

Cypripedium x Galatea, C. x Electra, and C. x Orestes are three 
seedlings whose parentage is a little doubtful, but they are thought to have 
been escapes from the pot in which the seed of C. x cenanthum was sown, 
and therefore only varieties of that hybrid. 

From the collection of Norman C. Cookson, Esq., Oakwood, Wylam-on- 
Tyne :— 

Cypripedium x Godseffianum, a very handsome hybrid derived from C. 
Boxallii 2 and C. hirsutissimum ¢@. 

Selenipedium x nitidissimum, another handsome hybrid, derived from 
S. caudatum var. Warscewiczii and S. x.conchiferum. It is not stated 
which was the seed parent. 

From the collection of D. O. Drewett, Esq., Riding Mill-on-Tyne :— 

Cypripedium x caligare, derived from C. venustum ? and C. Dayanum ?, 
and said to have almost the leaf of the mother plant and the flower of the 
pollen parent. 

Cypripedium x pavoninum, derived from C. Boxallii 2 and C. venus- 
tum 2. 

From the establishment of Messrs. F. Sander and Co., of St. Albans :— 

Cypripedium x Berggrenianum, derived from C. insigne and C. x 
Dauthieri, the latter believed to have been the pollen parent. 

From the collection of Dr. Harris, of Lamberhurst, Kent :— 

Cypripedium x Atys, parentage lost, but probably derived from C. 
venustum and C. Hooker. 

From the establishment of Mr. B. S, Williams, of Upper Holloway mee 

Cypripedium x Fitchianum, parentage doubtful, but probably derived 
from C. villosum and C. venustum, and thus a variety of C. x William- 
sianum. és 

From the collection of Sir Trevor Lawrence, Bart., Burford, Dorking :— 

Cypripedium x burfordiense, parentage doubtful, but supposed to have 
been derived from C. Argus and C. philippinense. og 

Lastly may be mentioned the very pretty little Cypripedium Van- 
houtteanum, supposed to have originated in the establishment of M. Louis 


260 THE ORCHID REVIEW. " 


Van Houtte, of Ghent, and, from its characters, probably derived from(_ 
niveum and C. x Dauthieri. mee | 
It was not until 1889 that the first artificial hybrid Miltonia flowered 
Various experiments had been made with this and the allied genus Odont. 
glossum, and young seedlings had been raised, though none of them hu 
survived until reaching the flowering stage. It was M. Alfred Bleu,@ 
Paris, who first attained success, when Miltonia x Bleuana flowered for th: 
first time, in January, 1889. Its parents were Miltonia vexillaria 9 and M. 
Roezlii 3, both of which were formerly referred to Odontoglossum, Th 
cross was effected in June, 1883, and the seed was sown in the following 
April, as soon as the capsule matured. It is a very beautiful hybrid. Th 
vegetative organs closely resemble those of. the mother plant, while in the 
flower the characters of the pollen parent as strongly preponderate. Seven 
seedlings were raised, and these present some differences between thet: 
Selves, one having a large yellow blotch at the base of the lip, and another 
Some radiating light brown lines. All. of them, however, closely resembl: 
M. Roezlii in colour. About two years later the same hybrid was raised it 
the establishment of Messrs. James Veitch and Sons, of Chelsea. _ 
Another very remarkable hybrid which flowered for the first time in 18) 
was the beautiful Lelio-cattleya x Digbyano-Mossiz, raised by Mr. Sede | 
in the establishment of Messrs. James Veitch and Sons, of Chelsea, tio 
Cattleya Mossiz fertilised with the pollen of Lelia Digbyana. It sd | 
exhibited at a meeting of the Royal Horticultural Society on May 14th, ant 
received an Award of Merit. In colour it approaches the Cattleya pateth 
but the lip is beautifully fringed—a character derived from the pollen pareth | 
which it also approaches in its very long ovary. This hybrid is probabl 
the forerunner of a race with fringed flowers. Lelia Digbyana is a ™* 
Species, but should now be much sought after by the hybridist, on accout 
of its deeply fringed lip—a character not met with in any other species © 
the genus. os 
The first hybrid Cymbidium also flowered in 188g. It too was raised ® 
the Royal Exotic Nursery, from C. Lowianum @ and C. eburneum §, and 
received the name of C. x eburneo-Lowianum. It received a First-clas 
Certificate from the Royal Horticultural Society on March 12th. PO el 
bines well the characters of the two parent species, and is certainly 4 at 
promising acquisition. 


Cattleya x Ballantiniana was raised in the establishment of Mess! : 
Sander and Co., of St. Albans, from C. Trianz fertilised with the pollen” ) 
C. Warscewiczii (C. gigas), and was named in honour of Mr. H. Ballanti 
gardener to Baron Schrader, of The Dell, Egham. It isa handsome fom ] 
Combining well the characters of its two parents. | pO , 

Three other very interesting hybrids between Cattleya and i 
flowered in Messrs. Veitch’s establishment during 1889...” “_ 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 261 


The first was Lelio-cattleya x Stella, raised from Lelia crispa? and the 
plant called Lelia x elegans var. Wolstenholmiz 7, which is really a variety 
of Lelio-cattleya x Schilleriana. Thus it has only one-fourth Cattleya 
blood in it. The seed was sown in 1881. 

Lelio-cattleya x Aurora was raised from Lelia pumila Dayana crossed 
with the pollen of Cattleya Loddigesii. It flowered for the first time when 
seven years old. It has the dwarf habit of the mother plant, with larger 
flowers, which show more of the influence of the pollen parent, especially in 
colour. It is a very elegant little hybrid. 

Lzlio-cattleya x Cassiope is another charming little plant, obtained by 
crossing Lzlia pumila with the pollen of Lzlio-cattleya x exoniensis. The 
seed was sown in 1881, so that the plant was eight years old when it 
flowered. It has the general habit of the mother plant, with the flower, 
especially as regards colour, modified in the direction of the other parent. 

Masdevallias were also well to the fore during 1889, as several novelties 

were described, and one hybrid, though not new, proved of even greater 
interest, as it cleared up the hybrid origin of two wild plants, which had been 
suspected from the outset. This one may be considered first. 
- In 1878 Reichenbach described Masdevallia splendida, as a “new 
species,” though with the remark that it “ makes one think of a mule 
between Masdevallia Veitchiana and M. Barleana or amabilis”’; and abouta 
year later he added M. Parlatoreana, as a “new species (or new hybrid ?)”’ 
He then stated—‘* We may now guess that it is perhaps a hybrid between 
Masdevallia Veitchiana and Barleana, and M. splendida (misspelt ‘ spec- 
tabilis’) between Veitchiana and amabilis.” In order to prove this, Mr. Seden 
fertilised M. Veitchiana with the pollen of M. Barlaana, and the seedlings 
on flowering proved identical with the wild hybrids. 

Both M. x splendida and M. x Parlatoreana appeared in a consign- 
ment of M. Veitchiana and M. Barleana, which grow intermixed on the 
eastern Cordillera of Peru, near Cuzco, and the two hybrids described are 
M. amabilis is out of the question. Firstly, it 


certainly only forms of one. 
es produced 


does not grow with M. Veitchiana, and secondly, these two speci 
M. x Chelsoni, a quite distinct hybrid. 

Masdevallia x Courtauldiana is a very. pretty hybrid raise 
tion of N. C. Cookson, Esq., of Oakwood, Wylam-on-Tyne, from M. rosea 
and M. caudata (M. Shuttleworthii), but it is not stated which was the seed 
parent. . The flower is fairly intermediate in character, in colour inclining 
towards M. rosea, but in shape nearer the other parent. 


d in the collec- 


Veitchiana crossed with the pollen of M. amabilis. It is an improved form 


of M. x Chelsoni, which has the reversed parentage. | 2 
- Masdevallia caudato-Estrade was also raised by Mr. Seden, from M. 
Estrade ? and M. caudata f. It is a very pretty little hybrid, and very 


262 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


floriferous, for the seed was not sown until 1885, and four years afterwanis 
one of the plants produced as many as eleven flowers. 
Masdevallia x Ellisiana is a brilliantly-coloured hybrid derived from \i. 
coccinea var. Harryana ¢ and M. ignea ¢, and thus the reversed cross a 
M. x Fraseri, of which it must be considered a variety. . 
Dendrobium x Wardiano-aureum is a very pretty hybrid raised by Mr. 
Seden- from D. aureum$ and D. Wardianum %,: which well combing 
the characters of its two parents. The same cross was afterwards raise 
in the collection of C. Winn, Esq., Selly Hill, Birmingham, as see our May 
issue, p. 137, fig. 9. . 
A Selenipedium flowered in 1889, and was described under the name ¢ 
Cypripedium x robustius, but can hardly be said to represent a ‘nel | 
cross. It was raised from S. x Sedeni 2 and S. longifolium 2, and thus hes 
the reversed parentage of S. x Ainsworthii var. calurum. It was raised by 
Mr. F. Horn, in the collection of Baron Nathaniel de Rothschild, of Holt 
Warte, near Vienna. 
The remaining hybrids of the year were all Cypripediums, and three a 
them were the work of two new operators. 
Cypripedium x claptonense was the first hybrid raised in the establish 
ment of Messrs. Hugh Low and Co., of Clapton. C. x Harrisianum 
said to have been one parent, and probably C. villosum the other, though! | 
may possibly have been C. insigne. . 
Cypripedium x De Witt Smith was Messrs. Low’s second hybrid, ani 
was derived from C. Spicerianum 2 and C. Lowii ?. It is a bright and | 
attractive little plant. 
Cypripedium x Fraseri was raised by Mr. Fraser, of Derneleuch, fro 
C. hirsutissimum and C, barbatum, and thus must rank as a variety @ 
03 porphyrochlamys (see Pp- Tor, 105, fig. 7), probably from the reverse! 
cross. : 
Cypripedium x Aphrodite is a very distinct and pretty little hybrié | 
raised from C. niveum f¢ and C. Lawrenceanum 4, by Mr. Seden. It 08 | 
resembles C. niveum, though modified in the direction of the other parent: ) 
Cypripedium x T, B. Haywood is another handsome hybrid, raised b | 
Mr. Seden. Its parents were C. superbiens 2 and C. Drurii é, betweet 
which it is quite intermediate in character. et 


C. x Harrisianum superbum and .C. Spicerianum, but it is in 
which was the seed parent. It would appear to be a variety . 
Savageanum. oe 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 263 


Cypripedium x Cassiope was raised in the establishment of Messrs. 
Seeger and Tropp, of East Dulwich, from C. venustum ? and C. Hookere 7, 
and thus must be considered a variety of C. x Atys. 

Cypripedium x Figaro was also raised by Messrs. Seeger and Tropp, and 
is believed to have been derived from C. Spicerianum 2 and C. cenanthum 
superbum ¢, though the cross is said not to have been certainly recorded. 

Cypripedium x. yenusto-Spicerianum was raised in the collection of D. 
O. Drewett, Esq., of Riding Mill-on-Tyne, by Mr. Keeling, from C. venus- 
tum 2 and C. Spicerianum ¢, and thus is a variety of C. x polystigmaticum. 
The name given would suggest that C. venustum was the pollen parent, 
which, however, was not the case. 

.Cypripedium x Beatrice was raised in the same collection as the 
preceding. Its parents were C. Boxallii 2 and C. Lowii @. 

Cypripedium x Minerva, which completes our record for the year, was 
raised in the collection of R. H. Measures, Esq., of The Woodlands, 
Streatham. Its parents were C. venustum ? and C. x Harrisianum ele- 
gans ¢. 


(To be continued.) 


CATTLEYA MOSSIZ HARDYANA. 


This remarkable variety appeared in the collection of G. Hardy, Esq., 
Pickering Lodge, Timperley, Cheshire, and is characterised by its lilac- 
purple sepals and petals being streaked and variegated with deep magenta- 
purple, and the front lobe of the lip having an irregular deep purple blotch 
in the centre, some radiating streaks on either side, and some irregular 
deep yellow streaks and bands on either side of the throat. A somewhat 
similar form has flowered in the collection of the Right Hon. J. Chamber- 
lain, M.P., at Highbury, Moor Green, Birmingham. It has similarly 
variegated sepals and petals, but the streaks in the latter are chiefly 
arranged along the centre, and the lip is not irregularly variegated in the 
same manner. Thus it is not identical with the original form, though 
coming near it, and, if we assign to the variety Hardyana the character of 
having irregularly variegated segments, may perhaps come under the same 
mame. Some acknowledged varieties are really individuals, unless a certain 
amount of latitude is allowed. In any case both are very handsome forms. 


Cattleya Mossiz var. Hardyana, Williams and T. Moore in Orchid Album, iii. t. 125. 


264: THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


CORYANTHES WOLFII. 


It is with great pleasure that we record the flowering, in July last, of this 
remarkable plant, we believe for the first time in Europe, in the Royal 
Botanic Gardens, Glasnevin, under the care of Mr. F. W. Moore, A.LS, 
So far as we can ascertain, it has never been described, though Lehmann has — 
published a note about it in the Gardeners’ Chronicle, as the first member of 
a new section of the genus, with stiff, upright flower-spikes. Mr. Lehmann 
writes :— a 


Coryanthes Wolfii was named by me in honour of Professor Dr. Wolf, formerly of Gua- 
yaquil, now of Dresden. In his house I had the pleasure of seeing, examining, and sketch 
ing the first flowers of this marvellous plant, although it was known to me many years 
previously as an Ecuadorean species. It grows very sparingly, mostly on cacao trees, all 
over the littoral districts of the Guayas, where it flowers in February and March, when 
these level lands are mostly inundated. During this season it is beyond the power of man 
to penetrate the woods there—a circumstance that accounts for the plant not having been 
seen before. It produces thick upright flower-spikes 40 to 50 cm, high, with three to six 
large, wonderfully-constructed flowers, which are yellow, mottled, and stained with 
brownish red. 


Myrmica, possessed of a strong aromatic smell, and which bites very severely, $0 that It 
requires some courage to meddle with the plant. These ants seems to be indispensable to 
the well-being of the plant ; for if these animals do not collect around the roots, it appeats_ 
not to do well. Even in a cultivated state, as well as in the house of my friend, Dr. Wolf 
at Guayaquil, as in my own country residence, I have observed the same facts. of 
nothing Surpasses the flowers. The very peculiar organisation of the whole flower, the : 
position each organ assumes in relation to another, the secretion of a sweetish fluid always 
retained in great quantity in the bucket—all is highly interesting, and invites both to sil : 
and investigation. . : 


Mr. Lehmann stated that a few living plants had been sent to the Liver : 
pool Horticultural Company, and it is probably one of these which x : 
Moore has acquired. The species is certainly very remarkable, especially 
for its flat, or slightly concave, perfectly solid hood, in which respect 
comes next to C. elegantium, Lind. and Rchb. f., which also has af eer 
Scape, which M. Lehmann has evidently overlooked. In every other species 
the hood is helmet-shaped, and hollow underneath, as is Lehmann’s secol™ 
Species, C. Mastersiana, so that C. elegantium would appear to be 4 iat 
ally of C. Wolfii. The colour is as stated by Lehmann. The horns - e 
base of the column are proportionately large, being 5 lines long, while ? 3 
hood is only 9 lines broad. The flower is rather smaller than any P™ 
viously known. It is to be hoped that it will prove amenable to cultivation 
in spite of the absence of ants. It should be treated like a Stanhope 

Coryanthes Wolfii, Lehm. in Gard. Chron., 1891, ii. p- 483- 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 265 


NOVELTIES. | 


MASDEVALLIA BURBIDGEANA, Rolfe.—This is a pretty little species of the 
section Saccolabiate, which almost combines the shape of M. erythrochete 
with the colours of M. Chestertoni, though, of course, it is quite distinct 
from both. The perianth is greenish yellow, irregularly spotted and 
marbled with deep brownish maroon, with many yellowish white hairs. 
The lip is light buff, inclining to yellow inside, but oblong and saccate, not 
expanded as in M. Chestertoni, whose colour it has. The plant has flowered 
in the Glasnevin Botanic Gardens on two recent occasions, under the care of 
Mr. F. W. Moore, A.L.S., having been obtained from Messrs. F. Sander 
and Co., of St. Albans. It is probably a native of New Granada. It is 
dedicated to Mr. F. W. Burbidge, M.A., Curator of the Trinity College 
Garden, Dublin :— 


Leaf oblong, acute, attenuate below, 5 in. long, { in. wide. Perianth tube open, 4 lin. 
long; dorsal sepal ovate-triangular, 9 lin. long, 6 lin. broad ; lateral ones a little larger and 
united for about 5 lines beyond the tube ; tails 14 in. long. Petals 1} lin. long, white, with a 
longish maroon blotch on the unguis, stained with yellow at the tip. Lip oblong, saccate, 
5 lin. long, with three central parallel keels, and numerous lateral ones radiating to the 
margin. 


Lzuia Lucastana, Rolfe—This distinct and pretty little Lelia has 
flowered in two collections. First in that of Sir Trevor Lawrence, Bart., 
Burford, Dorking, in 1892, and recently with C. J. Lucas, Esq., Warnham 
Court, Horsham. As regards the latter, Mr. Duncan, the gardener, states 
that a plant was purchased last year at Stevens’ Rooms, and was supposed 
to be new. It is added to L. crispilabia, A. Rich. (sometimes called 
L. Lawrenceana in gardens), but is easily distinguished by its yellow lip, 
which contrasts well with the mauve-purple sepals and petals. At present 
it is rather imperfectly known :— 

; linear-oblong, subobtuse, 12-14 lines 
ide lobes convolute, broadly oblong, 


ate-elliptical, obtuse, very 
the lower part of the disc 


Scape few-flowered. Sepals and petals ‘spreading, 
long, 3 lines broad, light-mauve purple. Lip 3-lobed; s 
subobtuse, 7 lines long, 3 lines broad ; front lobe reflexed, obov: 
undulate, 4 lines broad, deep yellow, with the front half primrose, 
and side lobes deeply stained with maroon. Column 3 lines long, light green, its face 
Stained with dull purple-brown. 


MAXILLARIA STRIATA, Rolfe.—The genus Maxillaria is a very extensive 
one, though the majority of the species find but little favour in gardens. 
There are, however, a few exceptions, principally among the large-flowered 
species, and as these have the merit of being easily grown and very 
floriferous, it is a wonder that they are not more generally cultivated. The 
Present species is one of these large-flowered kinds, which, judging by dried 
specimens and a coloured. drawing, should find favour among amateurs who 


266 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


include the Maxillarias in their collections. The flowers equal those of li 
venusta, Lindl., and are very similar in shape and size, but quite different 
in colour, being closely striped with red on a light ground, that of th 
sepals and petals yellow and of the lip white. It is a native of Peru, ani 
was introduced to cultivation by Messrs. Linden, L’Horticulture Inte 
nationale, Brussels, some time ago, and has now flowered for the first time 
in Europe. The sepals measure two and a half inches long in the drie! 
‘state, from which the size of the flowers will be readily apparent. Further 
particulars are set forth in the subjoined technical description :— 


Pseudobulbs oblong, subcompressed, 24-3 inches long. Leaves recurved, linear-oblong 
13-14 inches long, 13-2} inches broad. Scapes much shorter than the leaves. Dorsi 
sepal linear-oblong, acute, 2} inches long, 5 lines long ; lateral ones broader at the bas, 
more acuminate above, and somewhat falcate. Petals 2 inches long, 33 lines broad, other 
wise like lateral sepals. Lip 19 lines long, narrowed below, broader above, apex recurvel 
broadly ovate-triangular, undulate; crest oblong, fleshy, with rounded apex. Colum 
clavate, inch long. Sepals and petals yellow, closely striped with red, except near ape; 
lip white, striped with red nearly to apex. 


ONcIDIUM UNICOLOR, Rolfe.—This is a very elegant species, belongins 
to Lindley’s section Tetrapetala barbata, which is characterised by 
lateral sepals being united at the base, and the isthmus of the lip dentici | 
late or fimbriate. It is allied to Oncidium uniflorum, Lindl., 0. longi 
Lindl., and O. Croesus, Rchb. f., but differs from all of them in its mi 
robust habit, and larger flowers, which are of a deep canary-yellow, W8 
out any trace of spots; in allusion to which the name is given. It a | 
native of Brazil, and was introduced by Mr. William Bull, of Chelsea, w 
whom it flowered in September, 1889, and on subsequent occasions: 
raceme is few-flowered, two- to four-flowered in the specimens See? ® 
a little longer than the leaves. It is very distinct in appearance from 
Oncidiums, by reason of its long lateral sepals and unicolorous flow e} 
altogether is a bright and attractive little plant :— i 


& 


Pseudobulbs oblong or ovoid-oblong, subcompressed, 14-2 inches long. Lee 
oblong, subobtuse, 3-5 inches long, 8 lines broad, light glaucous green. Scape O 
inches long, 2-4-flowered. Bracts lanceolate-oblong, acute, 4-5 lines long. Pedicels " a 
inches long. Dorsal sepal unguiculate, cuneate-spathulate, subacute, 8-9 nee 
broad ; lateral ones similar, but 13-14 lines long, and united for 4-5 lines at a 

broadly pandurate, 8-9 lines long ; side lobes 2 lines long, 14 lines broad ; front 

ong, § lines broad ; isthmus 2 lines long, much broader near base, mare 
crest consisting of several blunt papilla, in front of which extend three crenulaté ge 
ee ere ones longer than the central one, and with a deep sinus in the m! 
24 lin. long, wings very short, rounded and crenulate. 


PLEUROTHALLIS PUBERULA, Rolfe.—A species which flowered 
Glasnevin Botanic Gardens, under the care of Mr. F. W. Moore é: , 
last. It is allied to P. univaginata, Lindl. of the section Spatna 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 267 


bears long racemes of small pubescent green flowers, which smell like 
hawthorn-blossom.—Kew Builetin, p. 169. 


BULBOPHYLLUM SPATHACEUM, Rolfe.—Introduced by Messrs. Hugh 
Low and Co., of Clapton, from the Shan States, Burma, and flowered with 
Mr. J. O’Brien, of Harrow-on-the-Hill, Middlesex, in July, 1892. It is 
allied to B. apodum, Hook. f., and has an erect dense raceme of light yellow 
flowers, with a somewhat brighter lip.—Kew Bulletin, p. 170. 


BULBOPHYLLUM VIRIDE, Rolfe.—A small West African species, sent to 
Kew by Philip Crowley, Esq., Waddon House, Croydon, in December, 
1890. It is allied to B. intertextum, Lindl. The racemes are very slender, 
and the small flowers light green, with a pair of small purple spots on the 
base of the lip.—Kew Bulletin, p. 170. 


ERIA ALBIFLORA, Rolfe.—A native of the Nilghiri Hills, South India, 
which flowered both with Mr. J. O’Brien, of Harrow-on-the-Hill, and at 
Kew. It is near E. articulatum, Lindl., of the section Bryobium, and bears 
lax racemes of small white flowers—Kew Bulletin, p. 170. 


Ca@LoGYNE TENUIS, Rolfe—A Bornean species, introduced by Messrs. 
Linden, L’Horticulture Internationale, Brussels, with whom it flowered in 
August, 1892. It belongs to the small section Flexuose, and has light buff 
flowers.—Kew Bulletin, p. 171. 


EPIDENDRUM PUMILUM, Rolfe—A pretty little species, introduced from 
Costa Rica by Messrs. F. Sander and Co., of St. Albans, with ‘whet it 
flowered in January, 1890, and afterwards at Glasnevin. It is allied to E. 
Endresii, Rchb. f., from the same country, which it much resembles in 
habit. The flowers are light greenish yellow, with an orange-y asccapila 
on the lip—Kew Bulletin, p. 171. 


PoLysTACHYA ImBRICATA, Rolfe.—A native of the Zambesi district, East 
Africa, which flowered with Mr. J. O’Brien, of Harrow-on-the-Hill, in 
August, 1891. It is allied to P. ensifolia, Lindl., and has light yellow 
flowers with a pink lip, which is pubescent inside.—Kew Bulletin, p. 172. 


OncipIum LuTEUM, Rolfe.—A species belonging to the section Rostrata, 
which flowered in the collection of Sir Trevor Lawrence, Bart., of Burford, 
Dorking, in June, 1892. It is allied to O. chrysopyramis, Rchb. f, and heart 
lax panicle of light yellow flowers. In the species of this group the cen er 
with its elongated rostellum closely resembles the head and beak of a bird. 
—Kew Bulletin, p. 172. | 


Luisia AMESIANA, Rolfe.—A native of the Southern Shan States, at 
about 4,000 to 5,000 feet elevation, imported with Vanda Kimballiana, Rchb. 


268 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


f., by Messrs, Hugh Low and Co., of Clapton, with whom it flowered ip 
June, 1891. It is allied to L. macrotis, Rchb. f., but has far larger flowers; 
the sepals and petals yellowish white and slightly suffused with purple nea 
the apex, and the lip blotched with dull purple on a lighter ground, anda 
yellowish green margin. It has also been imported by Messrs. F. Sander 
and Co., of St. Albans.—Kew Bulletin, p. 172. a 
HABENARIA CINNABARINA, Rolfe.—A very distinct little Habenaria fron” 
Madagascar, whose flowers are cinnabar-orange, with a few red spots on the 
back of the sepals, and thus resemble those of Disa incarnata, Lindl., in 
colour. It was introduced by Messrs. W. L. Lewis and Co., of Southgate 
together with the Disa just named and Cynorchis grandiflora, Ridl.—Ka 
Bulletin, p. 173. . 

PoLysTAcHYA LAawRENCEANA, Kranzlin.—A native of Sierra Leon 
imported by Mr. J. O’Brien, which flowered in the collection of Sir Trevor 
Lawrence, Bart., Burford, Dorking. It is allied to P. laxiflora, Lindl., and 
has yellowish green sepals and petals, and pale lilac entire lip, with a pilot” 
crest.—Gard. Chron., August 5th, p. 150. ~ at 
CaTTLEYA WarscEwiczit, Rchb. f., VAR. FRANCONVILLENSIS, O’Brien | 

A chaste and beautiful variety with white sepals and petals, the front 
of the lip marbled with light purple-crimson on a white ground, and the 
eye-like blotches much paler than usual. It was imported by Messrs. F | 
Sander and Co., St. Albans, and flowered in the collection of M. le Duct 
Massa, Chateau de Franconville, F rance.—Gard. Chron., August 5th, p. 15° 
L&LIA TENEBROSA, Rolfe, WALTON GRANGE VARIETY.—A beautifi | 
variety with citron-yellow sepals and petals, and a white lip with a purplish 
crimson disc, from which extend some similar radiating lines. It ap : 
in the collection of Mr. J. W. Thompson, Esq., Walton Grange, ton, 
Staffordshire —Gard, Chron., August 12th, p. 179. 
Mivtonia Joiceyana, O’Brien.—A supposed natural hybrid, betwet 
Miltonia Clowesii and M. candida, which flowered in the collection of Maj 
Joicey, of Sunningdale Park. It is described as very handsome, the sepals 
and petals clear yellow blotched with chestnut-brown, and the lip purple t | 
the base, passing through lilac to white at the apex, and fading to Indie . 
yellow.—Gard, Chron., August 1gth, p. 206. a 


I Nl i a ea 


Pee ae 
¥ - 


CYPRIPEDIUM REGINZ. 


Should any of our readers expect to find an account of some magnifies 
new species under this title, they will be surprised to find that it appt : i 
one described as long ago as 1788, by Walter, in his Flora Caroliniana. 
Is none other than the beautiful Cypripedium spectabile, described 
Salisbury in 1791, but in these days, when priority of nomenclature 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 269 


considered of so much importance, it seems desirable. to call attention 
to the fact that there are two earlier names for it. Aiton described it in 
1789 as C. album, which seems to have been discarded as inapplicable, 
because the lip is rose-coloured, though no such objection can be urged 
against Walter’s earlier name, for it has been spoken of as the queen of 
terrestrial Orchids in the northern hemisphere, and little exception can be 
taken to the remark, as those who know its grace and beauty will admit. 
The effect of large clumps of it in full flower, as seen in its native home in 
the peat bogs of Canada and Eastern North America, where in some 
localities it is very abundant, must indeed be superb. A most remarkable 
fact is that it has recently been discovered in Western China, on the 
borders of Tibet, together with the remarkable little C. arietinum, R. Br., 
which is also a native of Canada and Eastern North America. A note on the 
cultivation of the present species will be found at p. 103 of our April issue. 

Cypripedium Regine, Wa/t. Fl. Carol. (1788), p. 222. 

C. album, A7t. Hort. Kew, ed. 1, iii. (1789), p. 3033 Bot. Mag., t. 216. 
saat Salisb. in Zrans. Linn. Soc., i. ( 1791), p. 78, t. 3, fig 3; Lindl. Bot. Reg., 
- 1666. 
C. canadense, Michx. Fl. Bor. Amer, ii. (1803), p. 161. 


SATYRIUM GUTHRIEI. 

Hitherto I believe no hybrid Orchid has been recorded from South Africa, 
though as the species are numerous, and some of them grow intermixed, 
they may be expected to occur. The above Satyrium has just been 
described and figured by Mr. Bolus as a new species, from a single 
specimen found growing in burnt-off places on the Cape Flats, near 
Cape Town, together with S. candidum, Lindl., by Mr. F. Guthrie. It is 
mentioned as a remarkable and distinct species, whose “ column resembles 
in some degree that of S. bicallosum, Thunb., while both are, in this 
respect, very different from that of any other Satyrium known. In every 
other character this differs greatly from S. bicallosum, and I very much 
doubt if it is a natural hybrid.” It is therefore clear that a suspicion arose 
in Mr. Bolus’ mind, and on comparing his drawings of the three together 
(S. candidum being unpublished and kindly lent to me by Mr. Bolus), I 
have no doubt that §. Guthriei is a natural hybrid, and that its proper 
name is S. x bicalloso-candidum. The two parents are remarkably distinct 
in every respect, and far apart systematically, yet S. Guthriei is as precisely 
intermediate as hybrids usually are. The two species grow together in 
some localities, if not in the precise spot indicated ; and in any case both 
are common on the Cape Peninsula, an area about a fourth larger than 
the Isle of Wight. Formerly it was the custom to consider everything 
either a species or a variety, and to ignore hybrids, which are neither the 


aio. THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


for example. From its column it should evidently be placed next tof 
bicallosum, yet in most other respects it is more like S. candidum, especially 
in its long tapering spurs. The example in question is therefore especially 

interesting, and it is probable that others will be found. a a 
Satyrium Guthriei, Bolus Zc. Orch. Aust.-Afr. extra-trop., \., t. 21. 


NOTICES OF BOOKS. | 


Icones Orchidearum Austro-Africanarum extra-tropicarum ; or, Figures, wih 
descriptions, of extra-tropical South African Orchids. By Harty Bolus, ; 
F.L.S. Vol. 1. Part 1, tt. 1-50. London: William Wesley and Son, 
28, Essex Street, Strand. “ 


This is a work for which we have nothing but praise. Its object ® 
set forth by the author, is to give an accurate figure with dissections, takes 
from living specimens wherever possible, of the Orchids of South Africa, 
which, as is well known, are both numerous and interesting. The first pat 
now before us, contains fifty plates, with four exceptions partly colourél 
from drawings by the author, which will prove invaluable as aids to the 
identification of these plants. Mr. Bolus has qualified himself for the woth 
by many years of careful study, and his papers in the Fournal of the Line” 
Society, with his later Orchids of the Cape Peninsula, are sufficient guarante . 
of the quality and reliability of the work. The present volume may eI 
compared with the Refugium Botanicum, as regards its arrangement, W a 
in the execution of the plates it shows a decided improvement of the 
earlier work of the same author. The fifty-one species described peed 
to sixteen genera, and include the following nine novelties > ce 
caffrum, A: Maude, Habenaria Galpini, Satyrium Guthriei (see p- 269) | 
our present issue), S. ocellatum, Pachites Bodkini, Disa sabulosa, ~ 
conferta, and Brownleea Galpini. Some time ago the blue Disas rece” © 
Some attention in this country, and here we find a figure of the beat 


“sn 


> 


D. graminifolia, Ker, not the plant formerly cultivated under this we j 
which belongs to another species. We extract the following :— | 


f riod, 
ey ee 


It is one of the commonest species within our limits, has a rather long flowerins 
oa attracts universal observation by its beauty and brilliancy. .. - In spite of 
ie = does not yet appear to have been successfully cultivated in Englane. 
“ast that this difficulty will eventually be conquered, and if so the spe pee well 
= A deservedly popular amongst Orchid cultivators. Horticulturists will re 

hy r that during its flowering period in its native home the plant recent, : 
pel "3 te roots, being dependent for moisture on what is stored up in 1S agi: 
Pon the occasional mists which envelop the mountain sides. 


ee a as = ae 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 271 


The handsome Disa ferruginea, which has orange-vermillion flowers, 
generally accompanies the preceding, and this species we are told is 
abundant on Table Mountain, and largely sold in bouquets in the streets. 
Brownleea ccerulea’ is noted as a very pretty and distinct species worthy of 
cultivation, to which we may add that it has already flowered in England 
(see p. 282 of our present issue). Disa tripetaloides has proved so easy of 
culture in England that we must call attention to its yellow-flowered variety 
aurata, here figured, of which we read :— 


Flowers deep but bright golden-yellow. I was long familiar with this wide-spread 
species in its usual colour (rosy pink, often with carmine spots); but it is so unusual for 
Cape Orchids to vary from such a colour into yellow that when I first found this I could 
hardly suppose it to be the same species. Yet it is undoubtedly so. 


Satyrium pumilum, Thunb., is a remarkable little species, with flowers 
marked like those of a Stapelia, and, further, the flowers have a heavy 
odour of putrid flesh. Pachites Bodkini is a very remarkable species, 
described from a single specimen, and it is very singular that the allied 
P. appressa, Lindl., is only known from four specimens, one found by 
Burchell in 1815, one by Krauss twenty-four years later, and two others 
found recently by Mr. Schlechter, from which the species is to be figured 
in the next part of this work. Corycium crispum, Sw., is remarkable for 
its crisped leaves. A beetle appears upon Plate 35, Disa elegans, Rchb. f. 
with the following very interesting note :— 


Upon one of the flowers was found a beetle, Peritrichia sp., as my friend M. Peringuey 
informs me, belonging to a group of well-known fertilisers, and which had a pollinium 
attached to its thorax. This being only the second instance of an insect actually carrying 
Orchid pollen which I have seen during many years’ study of Cape Orchids, I have thought 
it desirable to figure it with the plant. 


Many other interesting facts could be pointed out, for which those 
interested in these charming plants must turn to the book itself. 


Martius’ Flora Brasiliensis. Volume XIII., Part 3. Orchidaceea. By Alfred 
Cogniaux. Fasciculus CXIV.; 160 pages, 34 plates. 

The first fascicle of the volume relating to Orchids of the above important 
work has just appeared, and comprises the genera Selenipedium, Habenaria, 
Chlorea, Bipinnula, Pogonia, Pogoniopsis, Epistephium, Vanilla and 
Pelexia ; in all one hundred and sixty pages, and thirty-four plates, containing 
analytical drawings of seventy-three species, with additional sketches of 
habit in the majority of cases. The general character of this great work is 
so well known that it is needless to particularise. With regard to the 
present volume, we may state that the arrangement adapted is that of Prof. 


Pitzer, which, as is well known, is largely based on the characters of the 


272 THE. ORCHID . REVIEW. 


vegetative organs, and frequently separates closely allied plants, and some 

times brings together those which have no generic affinity. It is not adoptei 

in its entirety. however, as the very first genus shows. Pfitzer separated” 
the species of Selenipedium with coriaceous leaves and added them to thos 

of Cypripedium with a similar character, under the name of Paphiopedilum; 

which M. Cogniaux very properly rejects. Of course, the line must be 
drawn somewhere. Six species of Selenipedium are enumerated, but ‘we 

observe that three of them are said only to grow in Guiana, and tf d 
inclusion is therefore unfortunate, as one has to go through each of the 
species, before being able to ascertain how many really grow in. Bra 
How long would this take for the exactly one-hundred Habenarias ent 
erated? Selenipedium palmifolium is also.a Guiana species only included 
the authority of Martius, whose specimen probably belongs to the Bre ili ian 
S. Isabelianum. S: Sargentianum, described at p. 239 of our last issue, 9 was, 
of course, too late to be included. S. paulistanum, mentioned on the same 
page, is however not recognised, being considered ° synonymous ‘with $ . 
vittatum, through Rodriguez stated that it was quite distinct. Thus We yd 
have only three undoubted Brazilian species of Selenipedium, namely, : 
vittatum, S. Isabelianum, and S. Sargentianum. Vanilla must also be 
reduced from eight species to six on the same grounds, not even the ] 4 
phetic opinion that one of them will probably yet be discovered in Br I 

being sufficient to justify its inclusion. Prophecy might be indulged in ] 
footnotes, or in smaller type; and the numbers should certainly be omit! et ) 
seeing that the work is a Flora Brasiliensis. We call attention to hese 
points, because we are anxious to see so excellent a work, and one ‘that is 
likely to remain a standard of reference for many years to come, all tha 
professes to be. Further numbers will be awaited with interest. 


e 
- 


EPIDENDRUM EBURNEUM. 


This distinct and pretty Epidendrum has re-appeared in the collectio 

Major-General E. S. Berkeley, Spetchley, Bitterne. Park, Southampton} 
received it from. Panama, whence also the original specimens came. It 
described in 1867, from a plant which flowered in the collection of Te 
Tuffnell, Esq., of Spring Grove, Isleworth, in the previous December: 
was sent by Mr. P. Henderson, of the Royal Mail Packet Company's * 
who discovered it within a few miles of Colon, Panama, growing in SMe 
close to the railway. It is allied to E. leucochilum, Klotzsch, and Ey i 
florum, Kunth. The flowers are largish and few in number, the i a 
petals yellowish green, and the broadly ovate lip white, with ne 
calli at the base. It would appear to be a very rare plant. 


Epidendrum eburneum, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron., 1867, p. 404; Bot. Mag: t sole 


yd 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


CATTLEYA MENDELII. 


TuE subject of our illustration is a magnificent specimen of this handsome 
Cattleya, from the collection of R. Brooman White, Esq., Arddarroch, Gare- 


| 
wl 
=) 
vA 
a 
a 
< 
> 
id 
_ 
id 
< 
o) 


Fig. 14. 


loch Head, Dumbartonshire. Mr White, as-is well es gr ge 
beautiful series of varieties, and the marked success with whic ey 
18 


274 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


grown is apparent from our illustration, which is an absolute fac simile of, 
photograph taken by him, and kindly forwarded to us, together with several 
others. The plant had forty-two expanded flowers when the photograph 
was taken. It is a.superb variety, of excellent form and substance, with 
blush sepals and petals, and a lip which is described as like port wine and 
plum mixed. This beautiful Cattleya is a great favourite at Arddarroch, 0 
much so that an importation of it was made direct, and the present example 
is only one of a series of equally well-grown specimens. 


GALEANDRA NIVALIS. 


When this pretty little Galeandra appeared, in 1882, in the collection of 
Sir Trevor Lawrence, Bart., Burford, Dorking, nothing was known of its 
origin. Information now comes to hand on this point from two different 
sources, which it is desirable to place on record. The first is from Mr.f. 
S. Rand, of Para, who states that this species is a native of Rio Negro, and 
is very abundant just below Manads, growing in large tufts. ‘‘I have see 
them,” he writes, ‘‘ with at Jeast twenty flowering pseudobulbs. It is ont 
of the most beautiful Orchids which I know, and it keeps blooming from 
the old pseudobulbs for years. It was discovered by me.” The se 
communication is from Major-Gen. E. S. Berkeley, who states that his 
plants were brought home by a gentleman who collected them on the Rio 
Branco, a tributary of the Amazon, together with G. Devoniana and other 
Orchids. One of the plants is very distinct in habit, both from G. nivalis 
and G. Devoniana, yet the flower is very near the former, differing chiefly ™ 
having a larger flower and longer spur, and is apparently a variety of the 
same. 
It is thus very interesting to be able to clear up the habitat of this 
plant. It appears to me to be very near G. Descagnolleana, Rchb. f, (ih 
which may be a form of the same. The . 


to the New Granadan G. dives, Rchb. f. and Warscew., which again isn 
G. Baueri, Lindl., from Guiana (not the Mexican of that name, which ® 
G. Batemanii, Rolfe). 
the tributaries of the 
new ones from Brazil. 


Interesting little genus, and additional material would be welcome. 


Galeandra nivalis, Hort., Gard. Chron., 1882, i. pp. 536, 537, fig. 85, 2a, 1892 _ oe 
fig. 70 5 Ul. Hort., xxxiii., p. 63, t. 555. a 


R. AR 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 275 


SEEDLING ORCHIDS. 


The following notes may be of interest to your readers, as it serves to show 
how rapidly seedlings may sometimes be produced. On October 4th, 1892, 
I fertilised Cattleya guttata, C. chrysotoxa and Lelia Dayana with the 
pollen of Cattleya Hardyana, Young’s variety. On April 5th, 1893, the 
guttata pod had cracked, and I sowed the seed, while on August 9th the 
seedlings are plainly visible. The chrysotoxa pod only ripened on August 
roth, and is now sown, while the Dayana pod is still unripe. I keep a very 
strict record, so there is no mistake. I have had Cypripedium seedlings up 
in four months from date of sowing the seed, but the pod had taken longer 
to ripen. REGINALD YOUNG. 


(A very interesting note, and we hope Mr. Young will succeed in flower- 
ing his seedlings, and that they may prove good. Cannot we induce him 
to try to cross Cattleya Warscewiczii (gigas) and C. Dowiana, or Lelia 
purpurata with Cattleya Leopoldi and C. intermedia. There is a great 
interest attached to proving the parentage of supposed natural hybrids, and 
the above crosses should yield three of the most beautiful ones yet known, 
namely, Cattleya x Hardyana, Lelio-cattleya x elegans, and L. x Schil- 
leriana. These experiments would be well worth trying. —Eb.]} 


HYBRID ODONTOGLOSSUMS. 
(Continued from page 206.) 


Two additional forms of the polymorphic Odontoglossum x luteopureo 
crispum have been discovered, and may conveniently be mentioned here : — 


Odontoglossum xX Wilckeanum var. atropurpureum, Hort., Gard. Chron., 1891,1. P. 563+ 
O. crispum var. President Zhaldua, Rodigas in ///. Hort., xXxvi. p. 31; t 79- _— ee 
in which the disc of the sepals is wholly dark red-brown, with the margin and apex ae an 
and the petals almost as heavily marked. It appeared in the collection of M. Charles Vuy!- 
steke, of Loochristy, Ghent. ; : 
-X Wilcken as var. nobilior, Hort., Gard. Chron., 1892, \- PP- sit Ata et ig st 
coloured variety, with deeply toothed petals, pale ground colour, and light pee se * 
It was exhibited by Messrs. Charlesworth, Shuttleworth and Co., of Heaton, es o 
the Temple Show in May, 1892, when it received an Award of Merit from the Royal Hortt- 
cultural Society. 


3. ODONTOGLossuM LINDLEYANO-CRISPUM.— We now come to the third 
and last combination with Odontoglossum crispum, namely O, Eindieyanum. 
This particular hybrid is also represented in numerous collections, though a 
May not be quite so common as the two preceding ones. Nor has it receiv 
such a multiplicity of names. 


276 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


Odontoglossum Lindleyanum is one of the most widely distributed off 
New Granadan species, and occurs on the eastern Cordillera in varigg 
localities between Bogota and Ocafia, and on the central one from t 
Nevada de Tolima northwards. It is only in the Bogota district, where it 
habitat overlaps that of O. crispum, that the particular hybrid now unk 
consideration occurs, and most of the plants in cultivation have flowered a 
of importations of the latter. 

The appearance of this hybrid dates from 1872, when a plant floweredi 
the establishment of Messrs. James Veitch and Sons, of Chelsea, ina 
importation of Odontoglossum crispum. It was sent to Prof. Reichenbath 
-who named it O. x Coradinei, after one of the collectors who sent it hom 
The author described it as a beautiful thing, probably a hybrid betweenl 
triumphans and some species of the O. odoratum group, which, however,’ 
clearly not the case. This original form has flowers considerably smal 
than those of O, crispum; the sepals and petals light yellow, with onet 
three chestnut-brown blotches; the lip rather small, entire, apiculate, al 
light yellow, with a large chestnut-brown blotch in front of the two calli 
and the column longer, with nearly entire wings. All these characters si! 
a decided approach to O. Lindleyanum. | 

The variety hemileucum differs chiefly in having a white ground to the 
flowers, and smaller, more numerous spots. It appeared in 1883, in th 
establishment of Mr. W. Bull, of Chelsea. 

The variety grandiflorum appeared in the collection of M. Charl 
Vuylsteke, of Loochristy, Ghent. It has rather larger flowers, and, accott 
ing to the figure, bears a considerable resemblance to O. x excellens: 9) 
triumphans is again spoken of as one parent, which in this case may le 
correct, though, if so, it must be transferred elsewhere. It is difficult ® 
judge without seeing a flower. oa | 

Odontoglossum x ligulare apparently belongs here, and chiefly differs ® 
its darker ground colour and broader lip. The sepals and petals # 

‘described as nearly orange, with two or three great brown blotches, 
the lip unusually broad, and lighter yellow, with the disc wholly covered by 
a large dark-brown blotch. It appeared in the collection of Sir N.™ 
| Rothschild, Tring Park, 

This hybrid is also very variable, though probably less so than the 
preceding ones, and in the majority of cases the influence of O. Lindleyat™” } 
Preponderates, especially in the lip and column. ‘The inflorescent®® 
unbranched, as in both parents. The sepals and petals are usually r4™ 
narrow, but in some forms, especially in the original one, there is an4@PE | 

_ fathe broader Segments of O. crispum. The ground colour may dt 
nearly white, as in this parent, though more commonly it is some SHA” - 
‘Yellow, with few or numerous, large or smaller, chestnut-brown spo: 0.x) 
form has narrow and elongated segments analogous with thosé of A ‘ 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 277 


Brassia among forms of O. x_ glorioso-crispum, and another, which 
apparently belongs here, has numerous small spots on a cream-yellow 
- ground. In most forms an unmistakable combination of characters of the 
two parent species may be traced, though in different individuals a consider- 
able range of variation, both in form and colour, may be observed. 

The following is a list of the forms of this hybrid (one however being 
doubtful), with references to descriptions and figures :— 


Odontoglossum X Coradinei, Kchb. f. in Gard. Chron., 1872, p. 1068, fig. 251 ; /d., 1885, 
ii, p. 200, fig. 40 ; Zd., 1886, i. pp. 268, 269, fig. 51; Rchd. f. Xen. Orch., ii. p. 208, t. 192, fig, 
1; Orchid Album, ii. t. 90; Orchidophile, 1885, p. 132, fig. 5; Reichenbachia, ser. 2, i. p. 45, 
t.21. O. Lindleyanum var. Coradinei, Veitch Man. Orch., i. p. 43+ 

Var. grandiflorum, Rchb. f. ex Lindenia, ii. p. 93, t. 93 (there seems a slight doubt as to 
whether this really belongs here). 

Var. hemileucum, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chroz., 1883, i. p. 688. 

O. X ligulare, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron., 1882, i. p. 558. O. Lindleyanum var. ligulare 
Veitch Man. Orch., i. p. 43- 


This completes the list of combinations with Odontoglossum crispum, 
but among the four species which grow together in the Bogota district three 
other combinations are possible, as may be seen at a glance in the following 
diagram :— 


O. crispum 


x1 
O. gloriosum ‘ ; ‘ ; x2 
a KS 
O. luteopurpureum . . ‘ o 6 
x5 


O. Lindleyanum 


KEY TO D1AGRAM.—Diagonal lines are supposed to extend from each species until they 
intersect, and each intersecting point represents a possible combination or hybrid. A cross 
at this point indicates our knowledge of the existence of the hybrid; a circle, that it is 
not known. The numbers explain themselves. 

It is interesting to note that five out of the six possible combinations 
here indicated are already known. No. 1 represents O. X glorioso-crispum, 
2,0. x luteopurpureo-crispum, and 3, O. x Lindleyano-crispum. These 
we have already considered. No. 4 represents the hybrid between O. glorio- 
sum and 0. luteopurpureum, and 5, between O. luteopurpureum and O. 
Lindleyanum. The remaining one, No. 6, between O. gloriosum and O. 
Lindleyanum I have hitherto failed to detect, though its appearance may be 
anticipated. One consideration, however, 1s worthy of mention in this con- 
nection. Neither of these species are sought after for horticultural acd ac 
in the same way as is the beautiful Odontoglossum crispum,and, as so many O 
the hybrids now in gardens have appeared among importations of the latter, 


the fact is a suggestive one. If there is a locality in which these two species 


278 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


grow intermixed, a search when the plants are in flower might yield som) 
interesting results. I have heard of importations of both these Species 
being received, but do not know if any hybrids flowered out of them.. Lam 
not without hopes that the attention now being paid to this subject gene 
rally will result in a considerable increase in our knowledge, as it isa 
matter of great interest, both from a horticultural and a scientific stand. 
point. : 

R. A. R 
(To be continued.) 


CALENDAR OF OPERATIONS FOR SEPTEMBER. 
By W. H. WuirTe, Burford, Dorking. ; 


THE month of September is generally considered by Orchid cultivators a 
the commencement of what is termed the resting period, and therefore the 
great object of the grower should be to give the plants every assistance 10 
thoroughly ripen and consolidate their growths, so as to prepare them to 
pass safely through the coming winter. As the autumn advances it will be 
necessary to gradually expose the collection as a whole to extra sunlight, 
and at the same time, on every favourable opportunity, a free circulation a 
air should be encouraged. The blinds on the north side of the houses wil 
scarcely be required at all, while those facing south need not be let dows 
So early as usual in the day, and must, of course, be drawn up sooner ia 
the afternoon, while in a very short time they may be dispensed with 
altogether. In this matter of reducing the amount of shading, it 8 | 
very important that discrimination should be used, as there are certain 
plants that are liable to permanent injury if exposed to extra sunlight. . 
For instance, such plants as Phalenopses, Angraecums Ellisii, citratu | 
and Kotschyi, Phaius tuberculosus, Cypripediums generally and C. supe 
biens in particular, Ccelogyne asperata, and C. Cumingii, also many of od 
Oncidiums, Masdevallias, and Odontoglossums, are easily affected hy @ 
mesh sunlight. I am well aware that in mixed collections of Orchids #® | 
a difficult matter to suit all plants in their special requirements as oo 
Shading, especially during the spring and autumn months, but a Bt o 
amount of good may be done by every grower in selecting the most suitab™ 
Positions for certain plants. I remember a good grower, when writing © 
this point, stating that he learnt a great deal by visiting other collection 
and noting down the positions that the best grown plants occupied. 5 ] 

One of the greatest mistakes young beginners in the cultivation © 
Orchids are liable to, especially when the plants are at rest, is the comm 


uld bee! 


keeping up of excessive supplies of atmospheric moisture. They sho 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 279 


in mind that the amount of sunlight and heat is gradually diminishing, and 
the external air is not so hot or dry as during the preceding months, 
therefore there is no necessity for damping down so frequently as in the 
hottest part of the season. Neither will the plants require watering at the 
root so often.: During the present month, unless a considerable amount of 
fire-heat is requisite to keep up the temperature, the East Indian and 
Cattleya divisions may be moderately damped down, both morning and 
evening. Strictly attend to the drying up of each division during the 
middle of the day, as mentioned on page IT1Q. This drying-up process, 
especially at the present time, will greatly assist the proper ripening of the 
bulbs, and at the same time check any development of spot disease. By 
closing both houses up at about three p.m., the temperatures may be allowed 
to rise to between 80° and go® with sun-heat. Immediately the houses are 
damped down, start the fires gently, so that, if required, enough fire-heat 
may be at command to prevent the temperatures from falling too low during 
the night. By partially opening the lower ventilators at about eight p.m. a 
close unhealthy atmosphere may be avoided. ‘The thermometer in the 
hottest house by the morning should be at about 68° in this house, and in 
the Cattleya or Intermediate at 65°. 

In the cool houses, if properly attended to. in the matter of ventilation, 
damping down, and shading, the temperature will be a few degrees below 
the external air. 

Amongst the plants now in flower Vanda Sanderiana stands out con- 
spicuously, and ever since its introduction it has been considered a rare 
and first-class Orchid. Its large, noble flowers certainly give it a com- 
manding appearance—the more so, as NO other of its class can approach it 
in size, and when seen with several spikes fully expanded, it is a decidedly 
handsome acquisition to our tropical houses. This fine Orchid has 
generally been found difficult to establish, and those who possess plants of 
it should give them every encouragement as regards light, heat, and 
moisture, shading them, however, from actual sunshine. Several experi- 
ments have been tried here with plants of at. “AR exceptionally fine 
imported plant was placed in a teak basket, with sphagnum moss ig 
loosely about the stems, with the sdea of encouraging the eros —* 
new roots; which it certainly did, though not in sufficient quantity to keep 
the lower leaves intact. The next step taken ‘was 
broken crocks for the sphagnum, but this failed to pro 
Ultimately it was feat ve make a long upright teak eylinder for tbe ate 
plant was then placed in the centre and made firm with copper one ‘# 
material whatever being used about the roots. In a short 2 <a oa 
roots commenced to push out young ones, which soon parciope : ¢ = 
in the greatest state of luxuriance, some of them measuring laa : ro- 
feet in length. ‘This particular plant last year 8aV° us seven Spices; P 


280 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


ducing in all fifty-two blooms. It is now showing its spikes again, of 
which at present there are six, though others are expected. These have 
from eight to ten flowers on each, and soon will make a grand display. | 
may add that the place selected for this plant is in.the hottest corner of the 
East Indian house, near the roof glass. One thing specially to be studied 
in this mode of cultivation is to moisten the roots without drenching the 
foliage. Here the stems and roots are carefully watered two or three times 
a day during hot, sunny weather, but on dull days only once or twice, 
Vanda Sanderiana is subject to the attacks of a small species of brown 
scale, which, if not diligently sought after and eradicated, quickly disfigures 
its foliage. oi 

Angrecum Scottianum is a plant that does well hanging side by side 
with Vanda Sanderiana, and treated almost the same, the only difference 
being that it delights to have its foliage well syringed over at.closing time 
One important matter not to be neglected is to always keep the thin stems 
upright and tied firmly to the teak rods, so that the small roots, immediately 
they commence to grow, may have something substantial to cling to. 
Angrecum Scottianum is a lovely little gem, and, although a rare Orchid, _ 
is represented in many collections in this country, where in almost evety 
case it is highly appreciated. Under the above treatment our plant has 
done well, having grown above the teak rods, which will require to be 
lengthened, as previously advised for Vanda teres. 

Pachystoma Thompsonianum is another lovely Orchid, and a specimen 
plant well bloomed would be a grand object. Unfortunately no large 
importation has ever made its appearance in England, consequently it is | 
still very rare in collections. A plant has been in bloom here for the past 
month, and has been greatly admired by many Orchidists, its graceful — 
spike bearing flowers with pure white sepals and petals and a deep magenta 
lip, being exceedingly attractive. This beautiful plant being of West African | 
origin, and from a moderately low elevation, requires the hottest division © 
meet its cultural requirements. It succeeds admirably when grown me 
small shallow pan, and suspended close to the roof glass of the house, # 
the same time carefully attending to its necessities in the matter of walt 
cleanliness, &c. | 
| A plant difficult to preserve in a satisfactory condition for any grt 
length of time is Galeandra Devoniana. It is an Orchid which requit® 
exisa care and special individual treatment to bring and keep it in pene 
ee but When: well grown it assuredly compensates for all the “ 

owed upon it. So far as my observation goes, it appears that when 
plants have done blooming they should have a longer and more decided ! : 
— oo oa given. Care should also be taken not to — 
the tea Ea ciate growths until the new roots have 4 an 
, €y are very susceptible to damp at the base. S| 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 281 


great drawback to their well-doing is the constant attacks of small yellow 
thrips. These destructive insects are not often discernible, except with a 
magnifying glass, and then sometimes not until considerable damage has 
been done. The best remedial measure against these pests is to puff a 
little tobacco powder or Scotch snuff into the centre of the young growths 
occasionally, which will check their propagation. Immediately the plants 
commence to grow, they should be placed where they can have abundance of 
heat and moisture, and when well rooted copious supplies of water may be 
given until the flowers fade, when a drier and cooler situation is desirable. 

By this time plants of Lelia purpurata will have fairly started into 
growth, and their young breaks will be commencing to emit fresh roots. 
No time should be lost in giving those which require it a shift into larger- 
sized pots, in which operation sufficient space should be allowed for two or 
three seasons’ growth, so that they may not be disturbed again for some 
considerable time. If the plants are in good health and the pot full of 
roots, it is better to break the old pot, picking out as much of the soil as 
possible without causing injury to the roots, than to turn the plants out in 
the usual way. The same materials will suit this plant as advised for 
Cattleya Trianz, on page 121. 

The best-varieties of Cattleya Eldorado, not forgetting the pure white 
variety with orange-yellow throat, named C. Eldorado Wallisii, are certainly 
very desirable Orchids. These will now, in many collections, be in bloom, 
and remain in beauty for a period of four or five weeks. All of them have 
a more or less powerful and agreeable perfume, which adds greatly to their 
charms. These Cattleyas may be grown in pans suspended near the roof 
glass of the Mexican house, choosing a position where they may obtain all 
the light possible. The best time for re-potting is immediately the flowers 
are faded, as the newly-made growths send out from their base a number 
of fresh roots, which readily enter and appreciate the new compost. After 
Te-potting only enough water must be given to entice the young roots to 
grow and prevent the old ones from perishing. 

Last month I gave some hints on potting Masdevallias. As soon as these 
are finished, the Odontoglossums of the crispum, Pescatorei, triumphans, 
and gloriosum types may be taken in hand, as no doubt the beginning of 
September is the best time of the year for potting cool house Orchids. 
Many of the young breaks will be fast sending out their roots, which, having 
fresh material to grow in, become well established before winter Commences; 
Pot the plants moderately firm, keeping the base of the bulbs just above 
the rim of the pot. When completed, prick in a few heads of living 
sphagnum moss over the surface, which, when growing freely, is very bene- 
ficial to the health of the plant. The exceptionally hot and dry weather 
during the past summer has been very trying to the health of cool Orchids 
§enerally, and favourable to the production of small yellow thrips, which, 


282 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


when once they obtain.a footing, always prove troublesome to the young 
growths of Odontoglossums. These should always be diligently sought 
after, and all possible means taken to ensure their destruction. liga 
7 } 
ODONTOGLOSSUM LONDESBOROUGHIANUM. 
Some growers experience great difficulty in the cultivation of this fine 
species, but as it succeeds admirably with me, a few notes on the treatment 
adopted will no doubt prove acceptable to the readers of the OrcHID REVIEW. 
In 1881 my master purchased a single plant on a block with two bulbs, 
which had been imported but a short time. I took it off the block and 
potted it with two-inch pieces of charcoal, finishing off with a little sphagnum 
moss. In a very short time it began to improve. It is kept quite cool, 
about 45° F. in winter, and whenever the weather is mild I give air night 
and day. The result is that I have now six plants in the best of health, 
with three or four bulbs each, and they flower every year. Under the above 
treatment it is one of the best growers I know of, and very floriferous. 
H.- Horner. 


(It would be interesting to know the treatment as regards summer tem 
perature and shading, and what other plants are grown with it. It maybe 
that cool treatment is the secret of success, as with Epidendrum vitellinum 
and Cattleya citrina from the same country. Cultivators have been working 
in the dark, as the precise habitat has not been divulged. Messrs. Veitch 
recommends a maximum of sun-light and sun-heat, near the roof-glass of 
_ Cattleya house, apparently because it is said to grow on shelving rocks fully 
exposed to the sun, where the temperature rises to 120° F. by day. Messi 
Backhouse received it from the same region as O. citrosmum.—ED.] 


ORCHID PORTRAITS. 


BOTANICAL MAGAZINE. 
PHAIUS TUBERCULOSUS» Blume. An excellent figure of this, the most 
beautiful species in the genus, from a fine plant which flowered at Kew 
It is there grown on a piece of tree-fern stem, covered with sphagnum 
t. 7307. oe 

BROWNLEEA CERULEA, Harv. A very pretty terrestial Orchid, ea 
flowers are lilac-blue with a few darker spots, and borne in an erect rae 
Itis closely allied to Disa, and the dorsal sepal has a very long spul ~ 
flowers being nearly two inches long. It is a native of easterm 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 283 


Africa, from Grahamstown to Natal, and has recently been found in the 
highlands of Madagascar.—t. 7309. 
GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE. 

DENDROBIUM DENSIFLORUM, Wall. A fine specimen plant, grown by 
Mr. Princep, gardener at Buxted Park, Sussex.—July 2gth, pp. 122, 123, 
fig. 30. 

-MoRMODES PARDINUM, Batem. VAR. UNICOLOR, Hook. The handsome 
yellow unspotted variety, which has been rare in gardens until recently, 
when plants were imported by Messrs. F. Sander and Co., of St. Albans.— 
August 12th, pp. 180, 181, fig. 34. 

L2LIA TENEBROSA, Rolfe, WALTON GRANGE VARIETY. (See p. 268 of 
our present issue.)—August 19th, p. 221, fig. 42. 

GARDENERS’ MAGAZINE. 
HABENARIA MILITARIS, Rchb. f.—July 29th, p- 436, with figure. 
CatrLeya Forspesit, Lindl.—August 12th, p. 468, with figure. 
JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE. 

DENDROBIUM HooKERIANUM, Lindl. A handsome species allied to 
D. Brymerianum.—July 2oth, p. 49, fig. 8. 

CypripepIuM x WunNIANUM, Rchb. f. A pretty little hybrid derived 
from C. villosum 2 and C. Druryi 3.—July 27th, p. 71, fig. 12: 

MASDEVALLIA X GELENYANA, Rchb. f. A very graceful little hybrid 
derived from M. caudata Shuttleworthii ¢ and M. xanthina ¢.—August roth, 
p. I19, fig. 18. 

L&LIA TENEBROSA, Rolfe, WALTON GRANGE VARIETY. (See p. 268 of our 
present issue).—August Igth, p. 150, fig. 22. 


LINDENIA. 

ODONTOGLOSSUM CRISPUM, Lindl., VAR- FERRIERENSE, Hort. A 
handsome variety, with a very large chestnut blotch on the disc of the 
sepals and petals, and a few small ones, chiefly on the lip—t. 381. 

MASDEVALLIA HARRYANA, Rchb. f., VAR. KEJELJANI, LILACINA, CARNEA, 
REGIN#, and 1LLustRIs, Hort. A series of five varieties, showing some of 
the variations to which this plant is subject.—t. 382. : 

Cuysis BRACTESCENS, Lindl. A well-known Mexican plant, which was 
introduced to cultivation in 1840, by Mr. John Barker, of Birmingham.— 
& 383. 

Mitronia Warscewiczu, Rchb.f. A handsome species, with mein 
panicles of richly coloured flowers. It is a native of Peru and New 
Granada, and was sent by Wallis to M. Linden, with whom it flowered in 
1869.—t. 384. 

An account of the history of Eulophiella Elisabethz also appears 10 this, 
the July number of this work. 


284 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


ORCHID ALBUM. ae 
ODONTOGLossuM Epwarpul, Rchb. f. A handsome violet-flowered 
species, with yellow crest, from Ecuador.—t. 465. 
CaTTLEYA TRIAN#, Lind. and Rchb. f., var. REGINA. A beautiful 
variety, with white sepals and petals, and the lip deep purple-crimson in 
front with a broad white margin and the usual yellow disc. It flowered 
with Messrs. B. S. Williams and Son, of Upper Holloway, and is now in 
the collection of the Hon. F. L. Ames, Boston, U.S.A.—t. 466. 
CYMBIDIUM EBURNEUM, Lindl.—t. 467. ae 
CATTLEYA DowIANA AUREA STATTERIANA. This is the C. x Hardyana 
var. Statteriana, Rolfe in Lindenia, viii, p. 77, t. 373, a very beautiful 
form with nearly white sepals and petals, but certainly a natural hybrid 
between C. Warscewiczii and C. Dowiana aurea, and not a variety of the 
latter, as here considered. It appeared in the collection of T. Statter, Esq, 
Stand Hall, Whitefield, Manchester.—t. 468. 


CONTINENTAL NOTES. 
| By C. DE BosscHERE. 


AMONG the Orchids exhibited at the August horticultural meeting at Ghent — 
were several very interesting forms. From M. Alfred Van Imschoot came 
a fine Anguloa eburnea, a beautiful variety of a rare and difficult Orchid; 
Lelio-cattleya x elegans Turneri; Cattleya Eldorado var. Wallisii, and — 
very pretty Cattleya Shepherdiana [We do not know a Cattleya under | 
this name—Ep.]. Madame H. de Waorin de Rousella sent Vanda coerulea, 
with large flowers of remarkable colour. Cypripedium x Youngianum het 
M. Jules Hye confirmed brilliantly the eulogiums which have been passed | 
upon this superb novelty. Odontoglossum Schroederze, from the samt — 
exhibitor, is a hybrid of great beauty, worthy to take a leading place ad 
collections [This also we do not know, though there is an 0. sam 
derianum, Rchb, f., a very obscure plant]. O. Harryanum and 0. j | 
tentaculatum were also good and well-flowered specimens. bie 
Vervaet and Cie. had also two excellent examples of good culture * 
Dendrobium thyrsiflorum and Saccolabium guttatum. A special —_, | 
's due to a new hybrid Cypripedium, raised by M. J. Moens; called | 

CyPRIPEDIUM x CLOTILDE MOENS. — 
This handsome form is a hybrid from C. x Leeanum superbum and 
Haynaldianum, between which it is clearly intermediate in charactet. 


flowers are racemose, very large and open. The dorsal sepal is cleat ® 
at the base, spotted with ashy brown, the centre clear rosy yellow, 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 28< 


and tinted with lilac-rose, the upper two-thirds pure white, and the mid-vein 
violet-rose. The lower sepal is white bordered with cream colour. The 
petals are arched, the base olive-yellow spotted with brown, and the apex 
clear violet-rose. The lip is large, nearly square, and clear green shaded 
with chestnut-brown. The staminode is horse-shoe shaped, dead white, 
with amethyst-green markings in the centre, and the two teeth majenta- 
violet. The leaves are long and clear green, the scape dark, and the bracts 
green spotted with black. 


ORCHIDS AT THE ROYAL HORTICULTURAL 
| SOCIETY. 


By JOHN WEATHERS. 


THERE was a fair display of Orchids at the Drill Hall, James Street, 
Victoria Street, Westminster, on July 25th. 

A First-class Certificate was awarded to Miltonia vexillaria “ Daisy 
Haywood,” which came from the collection of T. B. Haywood, Esq., 
F.R.H.S., Woodhatch, Reigate (gr. Mr. J. Salter). This is certainly the 
finest and purest variety of M. vexillaria yet known. The spike had eight 
flowers, each nearly four inches across, pure white, with a sulphur-yellow 
Stain at the base of the lip. 

T. A. Gledstanes, Esq., F.R.H.S., Manor House, Gunnersbury (gr. Mr. 
H. Denison), exhibited three strong plants of Cattleya superba splendens, 
which it was stated had flowered twice a year in a warm, sunny house. A 
Cultural Commendation was given. 

W. R. Lee, Esq., F.R-H.S., Beech Lawn, Audenshaw, cgupaped 
(gr. Mr. T. Billington), sent a fine form of Cattleya Gaskelliana, Auden- 
shaw” variety, with mauve segments, and a deep purple lip. 

Thos. Statter, Esq., F.R.H.S., Stand Hall, Whitefield, ee S- 
Mr. R. Johnson), exhibited spikes of Lzlia.crispa superba, an exquisite 2A : 
with a deep violet-purple lip, and white sepals and petals, which recelv 
First-class Certificate. From the same collection came Lalio-cattleya J 
Amesiana, a hybrid between the above-named variety of Lelia 57 
Cattleya maxima ¢, with pale lilac sepals and petals, and a al - iis 
purple lip, beautifully fringed round the mauve edge. aaa _ a 
variety of Cattleya Rex was also shown, a and petals white, 
lip rose with bri ellow blotches in the throat. 

; H. Tate, Boy, FRIES, Allerton Beeches, Liverpool (gr- ae om 
Edwards), exhibited a strong plant of Cypripedium x Ai syenmenum (i ay 
memoration, doubtless, of the late Admiral), a hybrid between ©. 


~286 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


‘Harrisianum 2 x C. superbiens, Demidoff variety ¢. The upper se 
very dark shining purple, the petals and lip being a mixture of purpleb m 
‘and green. Cattleya x Hardyana, Tate’s variety, received an Award ¢ 
Merit. The segments are deep rose-purple veined with white, and the lp 
very dark purple with a rich golden blotch at each side. + ae 
In conjunction with a group of ornamental stove plants, Messrs. | | 
Laing and Sons, Forest Hill, exhibited a fine specimen each of Disa grant | 
flora and Saccolabium Blumei. a 
Messrs. W. L. Lewis and Co., Chase Side, Southgate, N., sent a lange” 
lilac-flowered Cattleya Warscewiczii Turnbulliana, with a mottled lilac 
purple and yellow lip; also a flower of Cattleya Dowiana. ; 
Messrs. P. MacArthur and Co., Maida Vale, exhibited a group in which 
Cypripedium superbiens, a fine C. Volonteanum, Brassavola caudata, 
Oncidium Jonesianum, O. pretextum, &c., were chiefly noticeable 
An Award of Merit was given to Cypripedium x Edwardii (C. Paitie 
anum ~ X C. superbiens 3), exhibited by Messrs. Pitcher and Manda, 
Hextable, Swanley. The flower is not unlike C. x vexillarium (C. barbatum! 
x C. Fairieanum ) but is larger. The white upper sepal is beautifully 
feathered with purple veins and shaded with purple at the sides, the haity- 
edged petals pale green with purple edges, and numerous purple spots ove 
the surface, the lip purple-brown, shading off into green behind, and the 
foliage marbled with dark and light green. A figure was given in ou! 
January number, p. 23, fig. 2. kes 
Messrs. Sander and Co., St, Albans, exhibited a group containing sever 
fine things, and received a Silver Banksian Medal. Noteworthy wer 
Cypripedium x Massaianum (C. superciliare 2 x C. Rothschildianum 3) 
mentioned in last report, Pp. 255, and remarkable as being the first h. cel 
from C. Rothschildianum ; C. X Umlauftianum (C. Lawrenceanum ? ¥ 
C. insigne Chantini ), a bold flower with white and green upper sepal ant 
deep brown lip; C. x Fausianum (C. x Dauthieri 2 x C. x calophyllumé) 
Noticeable for a circular upper sepal and deep brown-purple lip; and 
Cattleya Batalini, a supposed natural hybrid between C. intermedia and ( 
bicolor, with lilac sepals and petals and a deep purple lip. Other plan's 
were Cypripedium x Youngianum, which certainly improves with pod 
Co x Lawre-conco, a hybrid Selenipedium from S. x albanense 9 aol 
'S. reticulatum 4, and Miltonia Roezlii, ae 
Messrs. B. S. Williams and Son, Upper Holloway, received 298 — 
Banksian Medal for a group of Orchids, among which were el 
Aclandize, Oncidium Gardneri, Paphinia cristata, Cypripedium X Mors: 
Odontoglossum Harryanum, and Zygopetalum (Pescatorea) Dayanum 


2 
3 


On August 8th, several noteworthy exhibits found their way to the Dil 
Hall, from all parts of the country, : 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 287 


_ The President, Sir Trevor Lawrence, Bart., Burford, Dorking (gr. Mr. 
W. H. White), was awarded a Silver Banksian Medal for a group of choice 
plants; among them being Aganisia ionoptera with sixteen expanded flowers, 
to which a Botanical Certificate was given ; Cypripedium x ceno-superbiens, 
a strong hybrid with large deep purple-blotched upper sepal, which received 
an Award of Merit; C. x Harrisi-froye with white and green upper sepal, 
spotted and lined with brown; the deep purple-lipped Laelio-cattleya 2? x 
Philbrickiana (Cattleya Aclandie 2 x Lelia elegans 7); Lelio-cattleya 
elegans Turneri ‘‘ Purple Prince”; Lelio-cattleya x Blessensis (Lelia 
pumila 2 x Cattleya Loddigesii 2), a plant with flowers very much like 
Lelia pumila; Miltonia spectabilis, with large flowers; a fine spike of 
Aérides Lawrencee Sanderiana, and one of Schomburgkia Lyonsii, which 
latter, however, bore white abnormal flowers speckled with crimson. 

Major foicey, Sunningdale Park, Sunningdale (gr. Mr. F. J. Thorne), 
exhibited, I think for the first time, and was successful in obtaining a First- 
class Certificate, for Miltonia Joiceyana, a plant with two spikes of large 
deep yellow flowers blotched with deep brown, and having a fiddle-shaped 
‘mauve and lilac lip. The flowers are very much like those of M. Clowesii, 
but larger. A Cultural Commendation was granted to a fine strong specimen 
of Vanda Sanderiana, which came from the same place, with flowers of 
Cattleya granulosa Schofieldiana. 

R. I. Measures, Esq., Cambridge Lodge, Flodden Road, Camberwell, 
S.E. (gr. Mr. H. Chapman), exhibited a strong example of the pale yellow 
and crimson speckled Masdevallia Lowii, which was certificated in 1890; 
also a dark variety of Cypripedium x Youngianum, and of C. x Numa 
superba. 

A Botanical Certificate was awarded to Earina suaveolens, a pretty 
little sweet-scented New Zealand Orchid with white flowers, sent by F. W. 
Moore, Esq., F.R.H.S., from the Royal Botanic Gardens, Glasnevin, the 
home of so many rare things. 

Thomas Statter, Esq., F.R.H.S., Stand Hall, Whitefield, Manchester 
(gr. Mr. R. Johnson), exhibited flowers of the beautiful Lzlio-cattleya x 
Schilleriana Johnsoni, and Lelio-cattleya x elegans. 

W. Thompson, Esq., F.R.H.S., Walton Grange, Stone, Staffs. (gr. Mr. 
W. Stevens), exhibited large flowers of a charming Lelia tenebrosa— 
Walton Grange variety. It was a really fine thing, having clear light yellow 
sepals and petals, and a white lip with a deep crimson purple blotch in 
front, from which conspicuous lines ran into the throat. A First-class 
Certificate was granted to it. Flowers of the yellow and crimson-crested 
Oncidium spilopterum were also shown. 

From the Royal Gardens, Windsor, Mr. Owen Thomas sent a fine strong 
specimen of Saccolabium Blumei majus, bearing a spike over eighteen 
inches in length. | 


288 IHE ORCHID REVIEW. 


A Silver Banksian. Medal.was awarded to Messrs. F. Sander and C 
Albans, for a group, including Vanda Sanderiana, Cypripedium x 
anum, Aérides Sanderianum, A. Ballantineanum aureum, a yellow-flo 
variety, Grammatophyllum Fenzlianum, and the purple-flowered Ca 
Sanderiana. Besides these, a plant of Cypripedium x Thayerianum 


which received an Award of Merit. The sepals and petals were purple, 
tubular lip being of a deep velvety crimson.. Mie 


CORRESPONDENCE, &c. 


Reginald Young, Esq., Sefton Park, Liverpool, sends several very beautiful flo 
1 is Leelio-cattleya elegans var. Turneri ; 2 and 3; Lelio-cattleya x Schilleriana, but 
form much larger than the other, and very beautiful. Cattleya velutina and Epid 
vitellinum majus are also included, the latter a very fine form. It is grown cool, 

d in a moist atmosphere, as this species always should be. : 

Cypripedium x Paris is believed to have been raised from C. bellatulum and C. : 
and may have been one of the late Mr. Hall’s seedlings. There may be a little doubt it 
the matter, but it does not seem likely that C. callosum was the second parent. : 

Cypripedium X Cowleyanum was raised in the collection of Mr. Tautz, from C. Cui 
and C. niveum. See Gard. Chron., 1892, i. p. 73. i 

. B. H., Mossley Hill, Liverpool. The flower is Lzlio-cattleya X Schilleriana- 
euspatha, a very good form, ile 

J. Johnson, Great Grimsby. The Oncidium Kramerianum isa very fine and har aS 
coloured form. : 

Aérides Lawrencez. Two fine plants of this are flowering in the collection of Sir 
Lawrence, Bart., as we learn from Mr. W. H. White, one of them carrying nine spikes 
about 200 flowers. The variety Sanderianum also carries four spikes, and nearly 1 

flowers. , 

Sobralia xantholeuca. Three flowers have been received from Mr. W. Holmes, 84 
to G. Hardy, Esq., Pickering Lodge, Timperley, one of them a beautiful light variety’ 
cream-coloured sepals and petals ; lip normal in character. A handsome pink fo 
sent is probably S. Lucasiana, which is not yet very well known. Bp 

A. Van Imschoot, Ghent, sends several very interesting Orchids, including 
_ eburnea, Ada Lehmanni, Odontoglossum Imschootianum, a supposed natural hybrid 
O. tripudians and O. Lindleyanum, Lelia monophylla, Grobya Amherstie, »P 
tampense, Lycaste Schilleriana, and several others. No. 9 is Epidendrum fallax, } 

Lelio-cattleya x Proserpine. Messrs, James Veitch and Son send a flows = 
charming little hybrid, derived from Lelia pumila Dayana and Cattleya velutina. ’ 
resembles the former, but is modified both in shape and colour. po: 

-L. L. and Co., Southgate. The Cattleya Dowiana aurea sent is 4 fine 
very dark lip, but we have seen it before, also the red markings at the tip of the , 

W.V. Not all white Sobralias with yellow lips are S. macrantha Kienastian® 

very fact of there being an importation of it shows it to be different. Albinos of ¢¢ 
Species are almost invariably very rare. - 


= 


ORCHIDS 
A SPECIALITY. 


Messrs. 


Charlesworth, 
Shuttleworth & Co, 


Heaton, BRADFORD, 


Have a large and fine stock of established 
and imported OrcHIDs. 


il ei 


INSPECTION INVITED. 


ORCHIDS! 
ORCHIDS!! 
ORCHIDS!!! 


ESTABLISHED & IMPORTED, 


INSPECTION CORDIALLY INVITED. 


HUGH LOW & Co, 


Upper Clapton, 
LONDON. 


Dried Flowers of Orchids. 


. AS AMATEUR wishes to obtain 

| DRIED FLOWERS of ORCHIDS 
_ {not bulky specimens or plants) from any 
_ part of the world, or of rare cultivated 
Species. 
offered in return, or would give names of 
_ any sent for this purpose, if localised and 

Rumbered consecutively.— Address “ J. D.,” 
Care of Editor of Orcuip Review, 46, Lawn 
Crescent, Kew. 


Named flowers of many kinds 


_ J. WEEKS & CO,, 
Dorticultural Builders 


as Majesty, H.R.H. the Prince of Wales, 


M. Government, Admiralty Dept., War Dept., 


ORCHID PEAT. 
is ee 12/6 per amet : ; Second ont Gey, > 
ora Hor, soe, Royal Botanic Soc., Parks and CAMELLIA, 


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PAGE ‘ 
Wes | dvs wee eee eee 289 | Culture Of Vanda Amesiana’ and 
290 i i 


History of Orchid Hybridisation 
ey 2. Ge : .. 291 
ulture of Oncidium celsphan: ‘and its 
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THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


Vor. I.] OCTOBER, 1893. [No, ro. 


NOTES. 


THE sensation of the month has undoubtedly been the appearance of a new 
and exceptionally beautiful species of Cypripedium, introduced by Messrs, 
Charlesworth, Shuttleworth and Co., of Heaton, Bradford, to which the 
hame of C, Charlesworthii has been given. It belongs to the group of 
C. insigne and C. Spicerianum, but has the dorsal sepal of a beautiful light 
Tose tint, a most unusual feature, and one which gives to it an additional 
value as a decorative plant. It is evidently an autumn-bloomer. A plant 
With two flowers was exhibited at the meeting of the Royal Horticultural 
Society, on September 26th, and unanimously awarded a First-class Certifi- 
cate. Further particulars are given in another column. 


In the September number of the English Illustrated Magazine appears 


Ee Paper entitled “Mr. Chamberlain’s Orchids,” accompanied by illustra- 


4 


2 


a 


tions, taken from photographs, of several of the more popular species, 


together with portraits of the Right Hon. gentleman himself, and his Orchid- 
Stower, Mr. H. A. Burberry. It is written in popular style, and contains 


_ Some interesting information, though one very curious blunder occurs. 


Speaking of Cattleya x guatemalensis, of which the Highbury plant is 


_ Said to be the only one in England, the reader is referred to the illustration, 


in order, we suppose, that he may know what manner of plant it is. Alas! 

the illustration shows a plant of Odontoglossum citrosmum ; not the plant 

°r which Mr. Chamberlain paid fifty guineas a short time ago, which is the 

Epicattleya x guatemalensis described at page 134 of our May issue. We 
So note that the flower of Oncidium Papilio is represented upside down. 


Of Sobralia Cattleya, which has never been known to flower in England, 


_ ‘We read, that at Highbury every possible attention has been given to it for 


twelve years; it has a splendid position under the glass, and Mr. Burberry 


290 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


cherishes a strong hope that one of these fine days the sun’s rays will draw 
forth the hidden flower.” 


A paper on “ Abnormal Cypripedium Flowers,” by Miss Ewart, appears 
in the last issue of the Fournal of the Linnean Society, with drawings ani 
analyses of a monstrous flower of Cypripedium Boxallii and one of Seleni- 
pedium x Sedeni. | 


Sir Trevor Lawrence, Bart., of Burford, Dorking, President ‘of the 
Royal Horticultural Society, has been elected one of the four “ Présidents 
d’Honneur ” of the Orchidéene, of Brussels. 


Two meetings of the Royal Horticultural Society will be held during 
October at the Drill Hall, James Street, Westminster, on the roth and 
24th respectively, when the Orchid Committee will meet at the usual hour 
of 12 o’clock, noon. 


Cattleya Alexandre is now flowering in various collections, and although 
the plants are not yet established, the growths not being nearly equal t0 
imported ones, it is evidently a very promising addition to the genus, and 
when fully established we may expect to see the racemes with numerdls 
flowers, as in the wild specimens, where at least ten have been observed. I 
is very variable in colour, as some forms are rosy purple throughout, whi 
others have bronze or even dark purple-brown sepals and petals. 


A magnificent display of the old Cattleya labiata may be expected in out 
collections during the next few weeks, as the plants have made go0! 
growths, and numerous healthy sheaths. Already a few flowers have ¢& 
panded, and we shall soon have an opportunity of observing its range ® 
variation, which is certainly considerable, though white forms seem ™™ 
less common than we were led to expect. Its re-discovery is certainly 
of the most important events of recent years. 


OBITUARY. 


Ir is with deep regret that we have to announce the death of 


Mr. Hug 
e Clapt? 


member of the Orchid Committee of the Royal Horticultural Society: 
funeral took place on September 20th, at Abney Park Cemetery: 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 2g 


HISTORY OF ORCHID HYBRIDISATION. 
ParT IX. 
(Continued from page 263.) 

_ A HyBRID Thunia flowered for the first time in 1885, but had been previously 
overlooked. Curiously enough, the same hybrid was raised by two different 
operators—first by the late Mr. Toll, of Manchester, and shortly afterwards 
by Mr. Seden, in both cases from T. Marshalliana 2? and T. Bensoniz 7. 
Plants in flower were exhibited simultaneously at one of the Royal Botanic 
Society’s shows in 1885, the former under the name of T. x Wrigleyana 
and the latter as T. Veitchiana. Under the latter name the hybrid was_ 
eventually described. It is quite intermediate in character. 

Cypripedium x Buchanianum was raised in the collection of the late 
H. J. Buchan, Esq., of Southampton, by Mr. T. Osborne, from C. Druryi ? 
and C. Spicerianum Z, and flowered for the first time about the end of 1887. 
The characters of the seed parent decidedly preponderate in the hybrid, 
which is an attractive little plant. 

The most noteworthy hybrid of 1890 was Epiphronitis x Veitchii, a new 
generic cross, raised from Sophronitis grandiflora crossed with the pollen of 
Epidendrum radicans—the two parents, as is well known, being remarkably 
dissimilar, both in size and habit. The hybrid is like a very much dwarfed 
edition of the latter with an enlarged flower, for, singularly enough, there is 
very little trace of the Sophronitis parentage, except in the characters just 
named, and the somewhat darker colour. Were its parentage not known, 
it might easily be passed over as an Epidendrum, for the convolute side 
lobes of the lip of Sophronitis are quite unrepresented in the hybrid. It 
has the brilliant colour of its two parents. It was exhibited at a meeting 
of the Royal Horticultural Society on June 24th of that year, by Messrs. 
James Veitch and Sons, of Chelsea, and received a First-class Certificate. 
Mr. Seden was the raiser. 

A second Sophro-cattleya also appeared in 1890, in the same establish- 
ment. As in the preceding instance, Sophronitis grandiflora was the seed- 
bearer, but Cattleya Harrisoniz is recorded as the pollen parent. The 
flower is large, the sepals and petals bright rose-purple, and the lip mach 
like that of the Cattleya parent, both in shape and colour, except that it is 
darker in front. It is more distinct from Sophro-cattleya x Batemaniana 
than would 4 priori have been expected, seeing that that had the allied 
Cattleya intermedia as the pollen parent. It is a very elegant little plant, 
and was described as Sophro-cattleya x Calypso. 

The first hybrid Odontoglossum also flowered during 1890, and the event 
Was a particularly interesting one for several reasons. Although so much 
Success had attended the experiments made with several other popular 
Seneral Odontoglossum had proved singularly intractable in this respect. 


292 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


‘Seed had previously been obtained and young seedlings raised, though the 
majority of them had died without flowering. It was M. Leroy, gardener 
to Baron Edmond de Rothschild, of Armainvilliers, near Paris, who first 
attained success. About the end of 1884, he had fertilised Odontoglossum 
crispum with the. pollen of O. luteo-purpureum, the result being the produe- 
tion of several seedlings, one of which produced a raceme of five flowers in 
May, 1890, when it received the name of O. x Leroyanum. O. x Wilcke. 
anum, however, has always been supposed to be a natural hybrid derived 
from this parentage, and on comparing the two together, it is obvious that 
O. x Leroyanum is only a form of this polymorphic plant, whose supposed 
parentage is thus confirmed—a matter of both horticultural and scientific 
interest. ; 

Phaius x Cooksoni was raised in the collection of Norman C. Cookson, 
Esq., of Oakwood, Wylam-on-Tyne, from P. Wallichii 2 and P. tubercw- 
losus Z. Although not the first hybrid raised from Phaius, it was the first 
with pure Phaius parentage, as the earlier seedlings were generic crossts 
between Phaius and Calanthe. Phaius xX Cooksoni is a very handsome 
hybrid, most resembling the seed parent in general character, but the lips 
more open, and the spur nearly obsolete, both of which characters show 
the influence of the pollen parent. The cross was effected in February, 
1887, the seed sown in the following December, and the flowers expanded 
in March, 1890, so that it arrived at the flowering stage in the short space 
of two and a quarter years from the time the seed was sown. 

Three very interesting Lelio-cattleyas appeared in the establishment 0 
Messrs. James Veitch and Sons, at Chelsea, as the result of Mr. Seden’ 
experiments, and these May next be noticed. 

Lelio-cattleya x Proserpine is a very distinct and pretty little plant, 
derived from Lelia pumila Dayana ? and Cattleya velutina ¢, and thus was 
the first hybrid derived from the latter. The seed was sown in 1883, and 
the plant flowered for the first time in August, 1890, when it received 2? 
Award of Merit from the Royal Horticultural Society. In shape the flowe' 
most resembles the pollen parent, but is considerably modified in colour. 

Lelio-cattleya x Hippolyta was derived from Lelia cinnabarina ¢ 
with the pollen of Cattleya Mossiz. It is nearly intermediate in characte | 
and the flower is of a beautiful Indian yellow colour. It received a First | 
class Certificate from the Royal Horticultural Society on March 25th, 1890 

Lelio-cattleya x eximia, which was the first hybrid derived oi 
Cattleya Warneri, is a very beautiful hybrid, which also received 4 Fis* 
class Certificate from the Royal Horticultural Society, on June 24th, 1890: | 
when exhibited by Messrs. Veitch. Lelia purpurata was the pollen P a 

Leelio-cattleya x Canhamiz was derived from Cattleya Moss!® cas | 
Lelia purpurata g, and thus has the reversed parentage of S| 
hamiana, of which it may be considered a variety. It also was ee 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 293 


Messrs. Veitch. The sepals and petals are pale lilac and the lip mottled 
with purple. 

Lelia x juvenilis is a very pretty little hybrid raised by M. Alfred Bleu, 
of Paris, from Lelia Perrinii crossed with the pollen of L. pumila.. It is 
quite intermediate in character. 

Zygopetalum x crinito-maxillare was raised by Mr. Hill, gardener to 
Lord Rothschild, Tring, and was exhibited at a meeting of the Royal 
Horticultural Society on July 8th, 1890, when it received an Award of 
Merit. Its parentage is indicated in the name, and thus would appear to be 
a variety of Z. x Clayi (p. 67). 

Three hybrid Masdevallias appeared in 1890, which may now be men- 
tioned. 

Masdevallia x Stella was raised by Captain Hincks, of Thirsk, York- 
shire, from M. Estradz 3 and M. Harryana 4, two species which belong to 
quite different sections of the genus. It is quite intermediate in character, 
the shape being most like M. Estradz, while in colour and in its elongated 
scapes it most resembles the pollen parent. 

Masdevallia x Measuresiana was raised in the establishment of Messrs. 
F. Sander and Co., of St. Albans, from M. tovarensis ? and M. amabilis 2, 
and was named in compliment to R. I. Measures, Esq., of Camberwell. In 
the shape and colour of the flower it closely resembles the mother plant, 
the influence of the pollen parent being most seen in the terete peduncles 
and longer tails of the lateral sepals. 

Masdevallia x Amesiana was exhibited by Messrs. F. Sander and Co., of 
St. Albans, at a meeting of the Royal Horticultural Society on August rath, 
1890. The parentage is recorded as M. Veitchiana ¢ and M. tovarensis 7, 
and the flowers are said to be apricot-coloured. : 

Dendrobium x Venus is a very handsome hybrid raised in the collection 
of Norman C. Cookson, Esq. of Oakwood, Wylam-on-Tyne, from D. 
Falconeri 2 and D. nobile f. It is far more robust than the mother plant, 
Which it most resembles in the flower, except that the characteristic yellow 
disc of that species is nearly absent in the hybrid. 

Dendrobium x Cassiope was also raised in the same collection ae the 
Preceding. It was obtained by crossing D. moniliforme (D. japonicum) 
With the pollen of D. nobile albiflorum. It is a very neat and floriferous 
little plant, with pure white flowers, the disc of the lip being adorned with 
a clear maroon-purple blotch on the disc. 

Three hybrid Dendrobiums were exhibited by Sir Trevor Lawrence, 

art., at a meeting of the Royal Horticultural Society on January 14th, 
— and each received a First-class Certificate. They were as fol- 
Ws :-—~ 

Dendrobium x xanthocentron has the flowers lightly flushed with rose, 

darker at the tips of the segments, and the dise of the lip orange. —— 


294 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


some resemblance to D. x Schneiderianum (p. 133). D. Findlayanumis 
said to have been one parent, but the other is not recorded. : 

Dendrobium x Juno is said to have been derived from D. Wardianm 
and D. Linawianum. It is compared with D. nobile, with the additiod 
some yellow on the disc on the lip. 

Dendrobium x Luna has white flowers with pale pink tips to the see 
ments, and some sulphur-yellow at the base of the lip. D. Findlayanun 
and D. x Ainsworthii are recorded as the parents. 

The remaining hybrids of the year were all Cypripediums, and may noe 
be considered. The first three were the work of operators not previously 
mentioned. 

Cypripedium x Aylingi was raised by Mr. Ayling in the collection of 4 
J. Hollington, Esq., Forty Hill, Enfield, from C. niveum and C. ciliolareé, 
and flowered for the first time when about six years old. Itisa very beat 
tiful little hybrid, most resembling the seed parent. 

C. x Vipani was raised in the collection of Captain Vipan, Stibbingtot 
Hall, Wansford, from C. philippinense 2 and C. niveum 2. It isa charming 
little plant, in which the characters of the pollen parent decidedly prepa 
derate. 

C. x Arnoldianum is a very interesting plant. It is said to hae 
flowered in the quickest time on record for a Cypripedium, namely, ir 
than two years, and to have been the first distinct hybrid of Americal 
origin. It was raised by Mr. Joseph Manda, jun., of Short Hills, New 
Jersey, from C. superbiens and C. concolor, but it is not recorded which was 
the seed parent. 

Five hybrids appeared in the collection of D. O. Drewett, Esq. Riding | 
Mill-on-Tyne, by Mr. Keeling, as follows :— 

C. x Northumbrian is a secondary hybrid, raised from ©. * an 
phyllum 2? and C. insigne Maulei 3, andsis said to beat a considerable 
resemblance to C. x Crossianum. 

C. x Elinor was derived from C. x selligerum ¢ and C. superbiens 5 
and is said to be fairly intermediate in character. ag 

C. x Alfred was obtained by crossing C. venustum with the pollen 
C. philippinense, and is said to be a brightly coloured and pretty hybrid. 

C. x Alice was derived from C. Stonei 2 and C. Spicerianum bs 
bears a two-flowered scape of light-coloured flowers. a 

C. x Constance was obtained by crossing C. Stonei with the polles 


of C. Curtisii, and also bears a two-flowered scape of delicately-col d 
flowers. 


Five others are credited to Messrs. James Veitch and Sons, of hee 
ee Niobe is a very handsome hybrid, derived from C. Spica 
and C. Fairieanum 4, between which it js quite intermediate. The | : 


sown in 1884. It is figured at p. 7, fig. x. 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 295 


C. x Othello was derived from C. hirsutissimum 2 and C. Boxallii 7, 
and is thus the reverse cross of C. x Godseffianum (p. 259). It was ex- 
hibited at a meeting of the Royal Horticultural Society on March 11th, 
1890, 

C. x Numa was obtained by crossing C. Lawrenceanum with the pollen 
of C. Stonei, between which it is fairly intermediate. 

C. x H. Ballantine was derived from C. purpuratum $ and C. Fairie- 
anum ¢. It is a very pretty little plant, in which the characters of the 
pollen parent are well represented. 

C. x Antigone is a handsome hybrid, derived from C. Lawrenceanum ¢ 
and C. niveum 2, and thus is the reversed cross of C. x Aphrodite (p. 262), 
but is more robust in habit. 

Three others appeared in the collection of Messrs. F. Sander and Co., 
of St. Albans :— 

C. x GEnone was derived from C. Hooker ? and C. superbiens @, 
between which it is quite intermediate in character. 

C. x Youngianum was obtained from C. superbiens ? and C. philip- 
pinense (Roebelenii) 3 It is a handsome hybrid, about intermediate in 
shape and colour. 

C. x Eyermanianum was derived from C. barbatum ¢ and C. Spicerianum 
4, and is generally intermediate in character. 

From the collection of R. H. Measures, Esq., The Woodlands, Streatham, 
appeared the two following :— 

C. x Cythera was derived from C. Spicerianum ¢ and C. purpuratum @, 
and most resembles the former. 

C. x Hera was derived from C. Spicerianum ¢ and C. villosum g, and 
thus must be a variety of C. x Lathamianum (p. 227), which has the same 
parentage. 

C. x Apollo was exhibited at a meeting of the Royal Horticultural 
Society on April 22nd, 1890, by R. I. Measures, Esq., of Cambridge Lodge, 
Camberwell, in whose collection it was presumably raised. C. x vexil- 
larium and C. Stonei are recorded as the parents. 

C. x Doris was raised in the collection of Norman C. Cookson, Esq., 
Oakwood, Wylam-on-Tyne, by Mr. Murray, from C. venustum + and C. 
Stonei $. The characters of the seed parent largely preponderate in the 
hybrid. 

C. x Desboisianum appeared in the collection of MM. Edm. Mic ve 
et Cie., of Mont-St.-Amand, Ghent, and was obtained by crossing C. 
venustum with the pollen of C. Boxallii atratum, and well combines the 
characters of its two parents. 


(To be continued.) 


296 THE ORCHID REVIEW. - 


CULTURE OF ONCIDIUM CRISPUM AND ITs 
ALLIES. 


It has always been a matter for regret that the beautiful Oncidium crispun 
and its allies from the Organ Mountains have proved so intractable under 
cultivation, being imported in thousands to display their splendid info. 
rescences for one or a few times, and then dwindle away. What is the 
cause of this? It is not so in their native homes. Is there, then, some 
particular condition which we cannot imitate in our houses, or do we persist 
in treating them wrongly, or in other words unnaturally ? Almost certainly ’ 
it is the latter, as a few growers have succeeded in keeping them healthy 
and floriferous for long periods. We think of them as Brazilian Orchids, 
and accordingly place them in heat, oblivious of the fact that they grow at 
5,000 feet elevation, in a cooler climate than the Cattleyas and Lelias 
popularly supposed to come from the same region. In fact, they grow ina 
temperate climate, and are almost as impatient of being stewed in a hot 
close atmosphere as Odontoglossums. They succeed best under cool treat- 
ment with plenty of air, and may be grown on blocks or in well-drained 
shallow pans, with a moderate supply of fibrous peat and moss, as they do 
not like their roots too much covered. Give them as much light as possible, 
shading from strong sun, and never allow them to become dry. During the 
growing season liberal Supplies of water are necessary. By these meats 
goed growths may be ensured, and the rest follows naturally. One other 
hint. Do not let the spikes remain on the plants too long. It is useful 
remember that O, crispum, Forbesii, Marshallianum, dasytyle, and indeed 


most of the Organ Mountain Oncidiums grow under practically the sam 
conditions, 


CATASETUM MACULATUM a 


The female flowers of another species of Catasetum have appearels 
making nineteen of which both sexes are now known. About a year a | 
plant of Catasetum maculatum, bearing a raceme of male flowefs; . | 
_ presented to Kew by Messrs. F. Sander and Co., of St. Albans, and it | 
has produced a raceme of female ones, five in number. They af “> | 
green, with a few blackish Spots, in which respect they bear some ese 
blance to the males, but in structure they agree with the females ° as 
Species, having a stout column, without pollen or antenne. Their ocr 
rence is a matter of great interest, as the males have been known” 
wards of seventy years. 


Catasetum maculatum, Kunth, Syn. Pl, i., p. 331: 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 297 


CYPRIPEDIUM x VEXILLARIUM. 


Tuis beautiful hybrid, as was pointed out at p. 35, was raised by Mr, 
Dominy, in the establishment of Messrs. James Veitch and Sons, of Chelsea, 
from Cypripedium barbatum ¢ and C. Fairieanum ¢, and flowered for the 
first time as long ago as the autumn of 1870.. In fact, excluding the allied 
genus Selenipedium, it was the second hybrid Cypripedium raised; and it 
is still one of the most beautiful. It presents an unmistakable combination 
of the characters of its two parents, though in some respects the pollen 
parent seems to have exerted a preponderating influence. It is a plant of 
dwarf habit, with tessellated leaves. The dorsal sepal is vinous purple with 


Fig. 15. CYPRIPEDIUM X VEXILLARIUM- 


dark purple veins, except at the extreme base, where the colour is green. 
The petals are somewhat similar in colour, except on their basal part, which 
is green with a purple margin. The lip is reddish-brown in front, much 
Paler behind. It is interesting to compare it with the three other C. Fairiea- 
num crosses figured in this work, C. x Niobe (p. 7), C. x Edwardii (p. 23), 
and C. x Arthurianum (p. 305). In each case C. Fairieanum was the 
Pollen parent, the seed parents being C. Spicerianum, C. superbiens, and c 
Insigne, respectively. C. x vexillarium received a First-class. Certificate 
ffom the Royal Horticultural Society, in January, 1871. Our illustration, 


298 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


which is considerably reduced, is from an excellent photograph taken by 
G. I’Anson, of Upper Clapton. 

Cypripedium xX vexillarium, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron., 1870, p. 1373; id, 1880 i. 
780, 781, fig. 135 (‘‘selligerum” by error) ; 7@., 1887, i. p. 456, fig. 87 ; Vettch Man. Orh, 


iv., p. 100, with fig. ; Lindenia, vii., p. 45, t. 309; Orchid Album, x., t. 447. 


HYBRID ONCIDIUMS. 


THE group of Oncidiums which includes O. crispum, Forbesii, and Marshal 
lianum, to which Lindley gave the name of Tetrapetala macropetala, is one 
of the most popular in gardens, and lately it has received a considerable 
amount of attention. As regards nomenclature, the group is a rather difficult 
one. A few of the species are very well marked, though some curious inter 
mediate forms occur, and it is becoming increasingly evident that some of 
these are of hybrid origin. The Organ Mountains seem to be the heat 
quarters of the group, at least so far as our knowledge at present extends, 
and it is from this region that these intermediate forms have chiely 
appeared. ae 

As long ago as 1880 Reichenbach remarked of his O. prestans, “ there is 
little doubt of this being a mule between Oncidium dasytyle and som 
species like Gardneri,” and since then O. litum, O. Pollettianum, O. Mar 
tinii, and ©. Larkinianum have all been suspected to be of hybrid origi. 
And there are two or three others, described as species, which I believe wil 
fall into the same category, as will presently be pointed out. oa 

-The chief considerations with regard to natural hybrids generally hae 
already been pointed out under Hybrid Odontoglossums (p. 142), and a 
only be briefly recapitulated here. In the first place, they only occur whet 
species capable of inter-crossing occur in close proximity to each ~ 
Secondly, they almost invariably present a distinct combination of . 
characters of the parent species, sometimes being fairly intermedia! 
others inclining towards one or the other parent in particular 
Thirdly, as compared with the parent species, they are almost Inv* 
very rare. And, fourthly, individuals derived from the same tWO 
and even from the same seed-pod, vary considerably between be: 
especially when the parents are very diverse; thus very different | 
plants may yet have the same parentage, or, in other words, hybries © 
same parentage are generally much more variable than the 
which they are derived. 

A considerable number of species of Oncidium grow in if 
Mountains, and probably a good proportion of them could be 9Y 
together under favourable circumstances. In the particular & 
under consideration may be mentioned—O. Forbesii, O. Marsh 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 299 


crispum. and O. dasytyle, among the well-known and common species; while 
among the rarer forms are O. curtum, O. pectorale, O. Gardneri, O. elegan- 
tissimum, and O. caloglossum. The four last named, though described as. 
species, are all, I believe, of hybrid origin. 

We may now consider these hybrids individually, grouping them under 
the joint names of the parent species, as in the case of Odontoglossum. 

OncipIumM x MARSHALLIANO-ForBEsII.—As long ago as 1840 a plant 
was described by Lindley under the name of O. pectorale, which I believe is 
a natural hybrid derived from O. Forbesii and O. Marshallianum, and it is 
a somewhat curious fact that the last-named species was not known until 
a quarter of a century afterwards. Three other forms are all, I believe, 
derived from the same parentage, namely, O. caloglossum, O. Mantinii, and 
QO. Larkinianum. 

Oncidium x pectorale appeared in the collection of James Wentworth 
Buller, of Exeter, in April, 1840. It was imported from Rio de Janeiro, 
with O. Forbesii, which it was said to resemble in habit. It has yellow 
flowers, the sepals barred with reddish brown, and the petals with a large 
similarly-coloured disc and some small marginal dots. The lip is yellow, 
and the crest consists of numerous scattered rounded tubercles. The latter 
organ was compared with an old-fashioned ladies’ stomacher, studded with 
little knots, in allusion to which the name was given. The column-wings 
are yellow, spotted with red. ; 

Oncidium x caloglossum appeared with Mr. W. Bull, of Chelsea, in 
1885, and was described by Reichenbach, who compared it with O. x 
pectorale, of which I believe it is only a variety. It chiefly differs in 
having some brown blotches in front of the lip, probably derived from O. 
Forbesii. A very similar form has recently appeared with Messrs. | ge 
Williams and Son, of Upper Holloway, which is said to have been imported 
with O. concolor, a native of the same region, but which has evidently no 
share in its parentage. 

Oncidium x Mantinii appeared in 1887, in the horticultural establish- 
ment of M. Truffaut, at Versailles, whence it passed into the collection of 
M. Georges Mantin, of Olivet, near Orleans. It was acquired from M. 
Binot, an Orchid collector at Petropolis, in Brazil, it is believed in an im- 
Portation of O. crispum. M. Godefroy Lebeuf, who described it, thought it 
might be a natural hybrid between O. Marshallianum and O. Gardneri, or 
Possibly ©. sarcodes. The former is evident enough, but the other parent 
Was evidently ©. Forbesii, as the shape and colour of the sepals and petals, 
the presence of a number of scattered red spots on the lip, the shape of the 
crest, and the spotted column-wings all clearly indicate. 

Oncidium x Larkinianum appeared in the collection of J. Larkin, Esq., 
- Aldenham, near Watford, and is unmistakably derived from O. Marshal- 
lianum and O. Forbesii, the features of both parents being unusually well 


300 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


defined. Mr. Gower remarked that ‘‘ by its flowers one might be led ty 
suppose that O. Gardnerianum (s/c) and O. Marshallianum had something 
do with its parentage, as the sepals and petals resemble those of the forme 
plant, and the lip the latter ; but no indication is found in the pollen mass 
of its being a hybrid,t and indeed we are not such believers in natunl 
hybrids as some of our fellow Orchid-growers appear to be.” I shoulé 
describe it as having the habit and lip almost of O. Marshallianum, though 
both somewhat modified, with the sepals and petals of O. Forbesii, The 
reason of the resemblance to O. Gardneri will be apparent when we com: 
to consider the next hybrid. 

The foregoing remarks indicate pretty clearly, not only the variabilityd 
this hybrid, but also the way in which the characters of the parent species 
are combined in it. The vegetative organs, though generally intermediate, 
incline sometimes to those of the one parent, sometimes to those of the 
other; and the same may be said with respect to the flower. Thus 0. x 
pectorale has almost the lip and crest of O. Marshallianum, and the columt- 
wings of O. Forbesii. O. x caloglossum differs in having some of the spots 0 
O. Forbesii round the front margin of the lip. In O. x Mantiniiafewspis 
occur over the entire surface, while the crest, the column-wings, and the 
sepals and petals also show a very decided approach to O. Forbesii. Lastlj, 
O. x Larkinianum has the clear yellow column-wings and lip of 0. Marshal 
lianum, with the sepals and petals of O. Forbesii.’ 

The. following are the different forms of this hybrid, with references to 
descriptions and figures :— : 


Oncidium x pectorale, Lindl, Sert. Orch. t. 39 ia. Fol. Orchn Oncidy p. 20; Vat 
- Man. Orch., viii. p. 68. ame 


O. x caloglossum, Rchb, f. in Gard. Chron., 1885, ii. p. 166. oe 


# 


are secondary hybrids both of whose parents have been themselves of hybrid pier 
* Hybrids are very rarely precisely intermediate between their two 
The converse would indicate a complete fusion of the particles 

under which circumstances scarcely any variation would result. In fact, © 
pared to a mosaic, composed of particles derived from the parent ae 
i we 


originally distinct elements to again separate themselves. This irregular 
particles results in an ever-varying combination of the parental chart 
in other words, a variation in the pattern in almost every different + 
extreme variability of many hybrids. It seems necessary to emphasise th}! 
several persons have expressed their disbelief that certain distinct-looking 
Possibly have the same parentage, - 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 301 


O. X Mantinii, Godefroy in Orchidophile, 1888, p. 47, with plate. 
O. X Larkinianum, Gower in Garden, xxxvii. p. 325 ; Orchid Album, ix. t. 405. 


ONcIDIUM FORBESIO-DASYTYLE.—In 1843 Oncidium Gardneri was de- 
scribed, and although universally considered as a species, I have little 
doubt it is a natural hybrid derived from O. Forbesii and O. dasytyle, two 
very different species. Here again we note the curious fact that one of the 
species, namely, O. dasytyle, was not known until many years afterwards, 
being described for the first time in 1873. O.elegantissimum and O. Pollet- 
tianum were probably derived from the same parentage, and possibly O, 
prestans also. 

Oncidium x Gardneri was originally described by Lindley, in 1843, as a 
fine species allied to O. crispum and Forbesii, distinctly separated by the 
peculiar form and tuberculation of the lip, and by the very small wings of 
the column. It was collected on the Organ Mountains, in December, 1836, 
by Gardner, who states that he only found a single plant of it." 

In 1846 Messrs. Rollisson, of Tooting, received from M. Pinel, a 
botanist and collector of plants residing in Brazil, an Oncidium under the 
name of O. flabelliferum, which soon afterwards flowered, and was figured 
- in Paxton’s Magazine of Botany ; though it is evidently only a form of O. x 
Gardneri, as Reichenbach pointed out in 1877, just after the true plant was 
introduced by Mr. B, S. Williams. 

Another plant, which also appears to be a form of O. x Gardneri, 
appeared in the collection of M. Massange de Louvrex, at Baillonyille, in 
1877, and was figured as O. pretextum, though it is not Reichenbach’s 
Plant of that name. Messrs. Veitch remark of O. x Gardneri that “‘its 
appearance in British gardens at long intervals and in limited quantity 
would imply that it is a rare plant in its native country,” which is quite explic- 
able on the theory now put forward.. 

Oncidium x elegantissimum appeared with Messrs. James Veitch and- 
Sons, of Chelsea, in 1876, and was described by Reichenbach as a new 
Species. It was compared with O. curtum and O. Gardneri, being especially 
near the latter, with which it agrees in the shape of the lip and in having 
the calli of the base with blackish purple borders. It is probably only a 
variety of the same, in which the crest is rather nearer O. Forbesii. =~ 

Oncidium x prastans appeared in 1880, in the establishment of Messrs, 
James Veitch and Sons, of Chelsea, where it was found among a lot of O. 

a ’ 

* Curiously enough, Lindley named the original specimen in the Hookerian Herbarium, 
“0. Forbesii,” though a sketch of it, with three dried flowers from the same specimen, in 
his own Herbarium, he labelled “O. Gardneri.” He appears never to have known it 
Properly, for three flowers of O. crispum, labelled ‘ O. Forbesii,” are attached to the same 
sheet ; while O. flabelliferum, which is a form of O. x Gardneri, he placed among the 
“Species insufficiently nove” Reichenbach also states that Lindley sent to him flowers of 
0. crispum labelled, “ O. Gardneri.” - 


* 


302 | THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


dasytyle: Reichenbach remarked “ there is little doubt of this betiie iia. | 
between O. dasytyle and some species like Gardneri. It is far superior 
to the first, has brighter colour, and a system of calli far nearer that of 
Oncidium Gardneri.” The second parent, however, is not very apparent, 
but I fail to find anything which agrees better with its characters than0, 
Forbesii. 

Oncidium x Pollettianum appeared in the collection of H. M. Pollet 
Esq., Fernside, Bickley, in 1886. Reichenbach, when describing it, sug 
gested that it might be a natural hybrid between O. dasytyle and 0. 
Gardneri. His description states that the flowers are equal to those of 0. 
Gardneri, and the calli long, running from the base over the isthmus, dat 
brown-purple. Mr. Pollett stated that the bulbs and leaves were exatllj 
those of Oncidium dasytyle, say a trifle larger. From this it is evident that 
O. dasytyle was one parent. The other is not so apparent, but from the 
description I think it must have been O. Forbesii. Messrs. Veitch consider 
it synonymous with O. pectorale, but that has evidently a different parett 
age. . 

Had any one suggested Oncidium Gardneri as being a natural hybrids 
year or two ago I should have scouted the idea, but the conviction has bet 
forced upon me by the examination of a series of forms, some of which ® 
strongly resemble O. Forbesii in general character as others do 0. dasytyl 
Especially one which has flowered with Mr. Bull, of Chelsea, on 
occasions, which is precisely O. x Gardneri without any spots, of only 
with the faintest indication of them, as if they were just fading away. Ths 
shows a considerable approach to O. dasytyle, and also helps to bridge ove | 
the gap which separates O. x Gardneri from O. X preestans, the most 
aberrant of the group. a 

This hybrid is evidently a very polymorphic one, as the following wi! | 
indicate :— 3 


Oncidium %X Gardneri, Lindl. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot., ii. p. 6625 id. _ 
xxxlli. sub t. 66 ; zd. Fol. Orch., Oncid., p. 19; Fl. Mag., n. s., 1880, t. 4015 Gard. 4 
1881, ii. p. 86, fig. 23 (Gardnerianum) ; Orchid Album, i. t. 12; Veitch Man. Orthes a 
Dp. 39, 40, with fig. . | ; {i 

O. X flabelliferum, Pinel, ex Paz, Mag. Bot., xvi. p. 65, with plate, fig: ee i | 
Berlin, Allg. Gartenz., 1858, p. 379. cae | 

O. X preetextum, E. Morr. in Belg. Hort., xxvii. p. 357, t. 20, 21 (non Rehb. f). heal 

O. X elegantissimum, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron., 1877, i. p- 13- cee 

O. X preestans, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron., 1880, ii. p. 296. ef 

O. X Pollettianum, Rehb. f. in Gard. Chron., 1886, ii. p. 326. ae 
: R. A an : 


(To be continued.) 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 303 


NOVELTIES. 


CypRIPEDIUM CHARLESWORTHII, Rolfe—A new and sensational species 
of Cypripedium has been introduced from the East Indies, by Messrs. 
Charlesworth, Shuttleworth and Co., of Heaton, Bradford, and has now 
flowered in their establishment for the first time. Hybridists have tried to 
get a Cypripedium with a rose-coloured dorsal sepal, and hitherto without 
success, while all the time a species with this character has been waiting to 
be discovered ; and now that desirable event has taken place our gardens 
will be the richer. It belongs to the C. insigne group, but is so distinct that 
it is difficult to compare it with anything. Its leaves are linear-oblong and 
green, though on the under-side are many irregular purple-brown. blotches 
and streaks. The scape is short, one-flowered, and the flower about the size 
of C. Spicerianum. ‘The dorsal sepal is broad and flat, ultimately slightly 
concave, and of a beautiful light soft rose-colour, uniform throughout. The 
petals are spreading and not undulated, and the lip something like that of 
C. Druryi or exul in shape. The staminode is ivory-white, with an acute 
yellow tooth, in which respect, as in that of the dorsal sepal, it is quite unique 
in the genus. Botanically, it must be placed near C. Spicerianum, insigne 
and Druryi, though remarkably distinct from any of them. It is as unex- 
pected as it is beautiful; and the Orchid Committee of the Royal Horti- 
cultural Society have just awarded it a First-class Certificate, which it richly 
deserved. It is dedicated to Mr. Charlesworth, the head: of the firm who 
has been so fortunate as to discover and introduce it. The technical des- 
cription must stand over for the present. 


LycasTE CINNABARINA, Rolfe.—This is a very beautiful Lycaste, which was 
discovered at the sources uf the Marafion River, in Peru, as long ago as 1853, 
by Warscewicz, though, so far as can be traced, it has only now come into 
cultivation. Messrs. Linden, L’ Horticulture Internationale, Brussels, have 
recently had a collector in this region, and the plant has now flowered among 
their importations. Lindley appears to have given it the name of Maxillaria 
cinnabarina, under which name it was included in the Catalogue of 
Warscewicz’s sale, as “‘a new species, with pale yellowish green flowers and 
a rich apricot-coloured lip.” This apparently relates, however, to the dried 
specimens, and not to living plants. The species is very nearly allied to 
L. mesochlena; Rchb. f., of which an account was given at p. 72, and has 
similar short scapes, while the sepals and petals are almost identical, both 
in shape and colour. But the lip is totally different, being nearly eatire 
instead of three-lobed, and of a deep apricot or light orange-brown tint, which 
forms an elegant contrast with the greenish white or nearly ivory-white 
sepals and petals. It must not be confounded with L. gigantea, Lindl., 
Which has long scapes, and longer, more acute sepals and petals, in fact the 


304 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


present one has much more effective colours, and once seen can never be 
mistaken, though a flower without the lip would pass for L. mesochlena, 
but for the different-shaped mentum. The front lobe of the lip is very 
slightly toothed on the sides, and the crest is much swollen, truncate, and of 
the same colour as the rest of the Jip. The mentum, or chin, of the lateral 
sepals is rounded and three lines long. 


CYPRIPEDIUM VILLOSUM VAR. MEASURESIANUM, O’Brien.—Described a 
a richly-coloured and bold-looking flower, forming a connecting link between 
Cypripedium villosum and C. Boxallii. It is like a fine form of typical 
villosum with the colouring of C. Boxallii atratum, ‘‘ showing through it 
as one sees a design on a lighter ground in a stained-glass window.” It 
appeared in the establishment of Messrs. F. Sander and Co., of St. Albans, 
and is named in honour of R. H. Measures, Esq., of The Woodlands, 
Streatham.—Gard. Chron., Sept. 6th, ps 207. 


OncIDIUM WHEATLEYANUM, Gower.—A very beautiful Oncidium which 
appeared with Mr. F. Wheatley, of Ringmore, Teignmouth, having beet 
purchased as an imported specimen with two or three others as Oncidium 
Gardneri. It bears a raceme of upwards of thirty flowers. The sepals and 
petals are marbled with reddish brown on a lighter ground, and the lip 
golden-yellow, edged with brown, and a deep crimson area at the base.—lit 
‘Garden, Sept. gth, p. 227, 


MILTONIA SPECTABILIS VAR VIRGINALIS. 


This chaste and beautiful variety appeared in the collection of e 
Ambrose Verschaffelt, at Ghent, in 1869. The flowers are pure white with 
the exception of a broad wedge-shaped purple blotch at the base of the lip, 

the purple column-wings, and a yellow spot at the base of the column. In 
every other respect it conforms to the type. The same identical form has 


n.. oPpeared with Messrs. W. L. Lewis and Co., Chase Side, Southgat | 
from whom we have received a flower. Miltonia spectabilis is the omgm™® | 


Species of the genus, and was described as long ago as 1837, yet — 


% known about its habitat—in fact, Messrs. Veitch state that its precise ha) ue 
1s known only to the Orchid collectors at Rio de Janeiro. It has Pe 


very variable as regards colour, and is one of the most popular species @ es 
genus. jee 


Miltonia Spectabilis var, virginalis, Lem. in Z//. Port. XN.,  573- 


LHE ORCHID REVIEW. 305 


CYPRIPEDIUM x ARTHURIANUM. 


WE are now able to present our readers with an illustration of a fourth 
hybrid derived from the rare and beautiful Cypripedium Fairieanum, 
namely, C. x Arthurianum, which was raised by Mr. Seden, in Messrs. 
Veitch’s establishment. In this case C. insigne was the seed parent. A 
single seedling was raised, which flowered for the first time in 1874, when it 
was dedicated to the late Mr. Arthur Veitch. In this case the hybrid most 
resembles the mother plant, though the influence of the pollen parent is 
obvious enough, especially in the undulate petals and the veining of the 
dorsal sepal. The colour, however, is almost that of C, insigne. It is very 


Fig. 16. CYPRIPEDIUM X ARTHURIANUM. 


distinct and beautiful, and a robust grower, as a large stock of plants has 

‘n propagated from the original plant. It flowers during the autumn 
months. Two varieties have been described. First comes the variety 
Pallidum, figured in Lindenia from a specimen in the collection of M. 
Jules Hye-Leysen, of Ghent. Nothing is stated about its origin, yet the 
figure is so different from all others that one cannot suppose it to be a sub- 
‘division of the original plant. The sepals and petals are regularly striped, 
Not at all spotted, and there are no hairs on the latter, which suggests the 
idea that the drawing may not be correct. The variety pulchellum is a new 
‘Toss, also raised by Mr. Seden, but from C. insigne Chantini instead of 

20 


306 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


typical C. insigne. It is said to differ chiefly from C. x Arthurianum typied 
in having some dark crimson spots on the dorsal sepal. Our illustration) 
from a photograph kindly sent by Mr. G. I’Anson, of Upper Clapton, 
will be observed that the dorsal sepal is not nearly so much spotted asin 
some of the published figures, yet the present one is an absolute fac simil, 
being done by photographic process throughout. We hope to be able 
examine this point at the coming flowering period. 

Cypripedium x Arthurianum, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron., 1874, ii. p. 676; Veitch Mm 
Orch., iv. pp. 77, 78, with fig. ; Orchidophile, 1887, p. 209, with plate; Orchid Album, ix 
389 


Var. pallidum, Zindenza, iii., p. 53, t. 121. 
Var. pulchellum, Journ. Hort., 1892, ii. p. 499, fig. 66. 


CULTURE OF VANDA AMESIANA AND V. 
KIMBALLIANA. 


ON several occasions we have found these two beautiful Vandas cultivated 
in the East Indian house, and it may therefore interest some of our readers 
to know that they succeed far better under cool treatment. In Mess 
Hugh Low and Co’s. establishment, at Upper Clapton, may be seen a large 
batch, in the most robust health, which have received no fire heat since the 
end of March last. In fact, they are grown like cool Odontoglots, exceft 
that less shading is necessary. ‘They are now throwing up flower-spikes ® 
profusion. If the weather is cold at this period a very little heat ae 
advantage, enabling them to mature the buds, but in mild weather this i 
unnecessary. Vanda ccerulea is grown with them, and with great succes 
Many growers complain that this plant will not succeed for many a 
together, but in the majority of cases it is because too much heat iss 
In the Shan Hills these three species grow, together with Luisia Amesiat’s 
at from 4,000 to 5,000 feet elevation, in a comparatively cool climate, yes 
the ground is sometimes white with hoar frost. Again, in the Khasia 
Vanda ccerulea grows and flowers profusely, at 5,000 feet altitude, ot 
much as eight or ten degrees of frost occasionally occur in the month 
January. Too much heat is simply a drain on the constitution of the 
plants, and is not only unnecessary, but injurious, and therefore worst i 
useless. Those who have not been satisfied with their success under ¥ 
treatment should not hesitate to move them to cooler quarters, at leas 
part of their plants, and the remainder would probably soon follow: ‘ 
let no one hesitate to include them in their collections becaus¢ they Be 
not a warm house, for they are naturally cool Orchids. We are led to m 
these remarks because we have never met with healthier of etter-g™ 
plants than the ones above mentioned. 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 307 


THE HYBRigwes 
L2ZLIO-CATTLEYA X NYSA. 


In this we have a very handsome hybrid raised. by Mr, Seden in the estab- 
lishment of Messrs. James Veitch and Sons, of Chelsea, from Lelia crispa ? 
and Cattleya Warscewiczii ¢. It is nearly allied to L. x exoniensis, suff- 
ciently near, indeed, to prove that Lelia crispa was one of the parents of 
that hybrid, of which, according to existing records, there has been some 
doubt. Both of them, however, are strongly stamped with the characters 
of this species, The present hybrid has a larger flower than L. x exoniensis, 
and the front lobe of the lip is darker in colour, both of which are easily 
accounted for by the fact that this had C. Warscewiczii instead of C. 
Mossie for the other parent. This is exactly as it should be, and affords 
confirmatory evidence that Lelia crispa and Cattleya Mossie were the 
parents of L. x exoniensis. L. x Nysa is perhaps even more like L. x 
Veitchiana in colour, but that has smaller flowers, as would be expected 
from the fact that the old autumn-flowering C. labiata was the second parent. 
All were derived from Lelia crispa on the one hand; hence their undoubted 
affinity. L. x Nysa has large flowers of a beautiful light rosy-mauve, with 
the front lobe of the lip deep purple-crimson, much crisped, and edged with 
lilac, and some yellow on the disc. It received an Award of Merit from the 
Royal Horticultural Society on September 12th last. 


CyYPRIPEDIUM X SANDERIANO-SUPERBIENS. 


This is the first hybrid derived from the remarkable Cypripedium 
Sanderianum, which was introduced to cultivation in 1886. C. superbiens 
is said to have been the pollen parent. The cross was effected by Captain 
Vipan, of Stibbington Hall, Wansford, and the seed was presented by him 
to Norman C. Cookson, Esq., of Oakwood, Wylam-on-Tyne, who raised the 
plants, one of which was exhibited by him at the Islington show of the 
Royal Horticultural Society on August 29th last, when it received an 
Award of Merit. In habit it much resembles C. x Morgania, though the 
influence of C. Sanderianum is less apparent than would have been expected. 
The dorsal sepal is longer and more acute than in C. superbiens, and only 
faintly striped, while the petals are also more acute, but spotted all over as 
inthe same species. Probably the very long twisted petals of C. Sanderianum 
would have more influence if C. philippinense or some other species of the 
racemose group were used as the other parent. 


CYPRIPEDIUM X FAIRIEANO-LAWRENCEANUM. 
been crossed with each 


The beautiful Cypripedium Fairieanum has now 
and C. Lawrenceanum. 


of the three allied species, C. barbatum, C. callosum, 


308 THE ORCHID REVIEY. 


With the first it yielded the well-known and charming C. x vexillarium, 
with the second, the equally beautiful C. x Juno, and now the third one has 
appeared in the magnificent collection of R. H. Measures, Esgq., of The 
Woodlands, Streatham. Naturally, they bear a family resemblance to each 
other, but the present one is the largest of the three. It might almost be 
described as a much enlarged edition of C. x vexillarium (whose portrait 
appears on page 297), with somewhat lighter colours, so great is the genenl 
resemblance between them. The dorsal sepal is two and a half inches 
broad by nearly two inches long, rather flat, light purple, with light green 
base and white margin, and closely veined with darker purple. The petals 
are quite pendulous, very slightly falcate, two and a half inches long, light 
purple, with paler disc and light green base, the darker nerves dotted with 
dark brown. The lip is purple-brown in front, paler behind, and the stam 
node nearly orbicular, with two incurved teeth in front, light olive-greea, 
with darker reticulation and pale margin. It was raised from C. Lawrence: 
anum crossed with the pollen of C. Fairieanum, and as Mr. Measures has 
expressed his preference for a name which indicates its parentage, the above 
name is proposed, the pollen parent being placed first, in accordance with the 
old rule, which seems to have recently been departed from. It isa most 
beautiful hybrid, and Mr. Measures expresses his opinion that it is best of 
the C. Fairieanum crosses. . 


CYPRIPEDIUM X EDITH WINN. 


This is a very pretty hybrid, raised from Cypripedium Stonei crossed 
with the pollen of C. purpuratum, in the collection of Charles Winn, Esq, 
The Uplands, Selly Hill; Birmingham. It can best be compared with C. x 
euryandrum (C. barbatum @ x C. Stonei 2), though it differs in many 
respects, as the following description will show. The scape at present ® 
two-flowered. The dorsal sepal is much like that of C. Stonei in shap% 
light whitish yellow, with about eleven light purple stripes, which do m0! 
quite extend to either base or apex. The petals are nearly straight, os 
inches long by half an inch broad, blotched with purple-brown on a light 
ground, the nerves being light purple. The lip is much like a reduced 0 
of C. Stonei, one anda half inches long, suffused with bright purple-brow® 4 
front, paler behind ; and the staminode obovate-quadrate, conve% 
the sides, and the colour whitish yellow, slightly suffused with put em a 
centre. Thus it will be seen that the characters of the seed parent de® ' 
preponderate in the hybrid, the influence of C. purpuratum being a 
seen in the modification of various parts of the flower. oe 


CYpRIPEDIUM x GANESA. a 

se rine uo 
This is probably the first hybrid partly derived from cyte . 
Lawrenceanum Hyeanum, the rare white and green variety Im whi : | 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 309 


trace of purple has vanished from the flower. C. x Sallieri was the seed 
parent, the pollen being derived from the form just named. The ground 
colour of the flower is hght green; the dorsal sepal is veined with olive- 
green except at the white margin; the petals suffused with shining purple- 
brown except at the base, and the lip suffused with a similar tint in front. 
In its general shape, the flower most resembles C. x Sallieri, though some- 
what modified in the direction of the other parent. The staminode is 
semi orbicular, obscurely three-lobed in front. It was raised in the collec- 
tion of R. I. Measures, Esq., Cambridge Lodge, Flodden Road, Camberwell. 


CYPRIPEDIUM X EYERMANIANUM VAR. DIANA. 

A very pretty hybrid was exhibited at a meeting of the Royal Horti- 
cultural Society on September 12th last, under the name of Cypripedium x 
Diana, which was raised in the same collection as the preceding; the 
parents being C. barbatum superbum $ and C. Spicerianum f. It was from 
“these two species, however, that C. x Eyermanianum was raised, in the 
establishment of Messrs. F. Sander and Co., of St. Albans, and the present 
one is clearly a variety of the same. It chiefly differs-in having a broader 
white margin to the dorsal sepal, with less distinct stripes, lighter coloured 
petals, and a rather smaller lip, in which respects it shows more of the 
influence of C. Spicerianum, whose characters decidedly preponderate in it. 
The influence of the mother plant is seen in the shorter dorsal sepal, striped 
on the lower half, the flatter, more spreading petals, and the deep purple- 
brown lip. 

CYpPRIPEDIUM X ENFIELDENSE VAR. HEBE. 

This also was raised in the collection of R. I. Measures, Esq., of 
Camberwell (gr. Mr. H. Chapman), from C. Hooker Measuresianum $ and 
C. Lawrenceanum t. It was exhibited at a meeting of the Royal Horti- 
cultural Society on September 12th last, under the name of C. x Hebe. 
That name, however, has been applied to a hybrid derived from C. Spicer- 
anum ? and C. x Stonei 2, the reverse cross of C. x Alice, while, on the other 
hand, C. x enfieldense was raised from C. Hookere ¢ and C. Lawrence- 
anum , and the present hybrid must be considered a variety om the Pane. 
It can best be compared with C. x marmorophyllum, in which the allied C. 
barbatum was the pollen parent. The dorsal sepal is closely veined with 
dark green on a lighter ground, and strongly suffused with light purple ecioeed 
the margin. The petals are green in their lower part, blotched with brown, 
the upper part and margin purple. The lip is purple-brown in front, paler 
behind, and the staminode suffused with purple, except in the centre, which 
is reticulated with green on a greyish ground. Itisa brightly-coloured and 
attractive hybrid. . 


, 


_ Claily at night, as sudden sharp frosts frequently make their appearance # 


310 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


CATTLEYA AQUINII. 


Under this name M. Barbosa Rodriguez, Director of the Botanic 
Garden at Rio de Janeiro, has described a remarkable Cattleya, which 
he cites as confirming a theory which he has formulated, that an Orchid 
flower consists of twenty-four organs; namely, a calyx of six sepals 
corolla of six petals, and twelve reproductive organs. M. Rodriguez pra 
tically admits that it is a variety of Cattleya intermedia, yet he calls ita 
species, because he considers it to be a reversion to a primitive type. Itis 
a native of Rio Grande do Sul, and was discovered by M. Francisco ée 
Aquino, of Porto Alegre, who has cultivated it for eight years, during which 
it has proved quite constant. It appears to me to be somewhat analogous 
to Cattleya intermedia var. prolifera (Gard. Chron., 1887, ii., pp. 12, 13, fig. 3) 
a curious proliferous form, which also shows indications of becoming pet 
manent. It has the colour of C. intermedia, but the petals are somewhtt 
lip-like in character, both in form and colour. I should consider it neither 
more nor less than an abnormal state of the species just named, which has 
become fixed or permanent, like Uropedium, or Epidendrum vitellinum 
flore pleno. 


Cattleya Aquinii, Rodr. in Journ. des Orch. iv., p. 144. 


CALENDAR OF OPERATIONS FOR OCTOBE. | 
By W. H. Wuire, Burford, Dorking. 


ONE very important matter with regard to the management of Orchids ol 
during October is the regulation of the atmosphere in the houses, espe 


this season. The grower should always be on the alert to prevent, ashe | 
Possible, any great fluctuations in the temperatures, so that all evil al 
on the plants through this cause may be avoided. Generally, October frost 


come upon us during the early hours of the morning, and the temperature ela 
of the various de than they 


should be, down be 


extra heat in the Pipes at night, which will not only prevent ae al 
peratures from falling too low by the morning, but will al le 
es the young growths of many autumn-growing Orchids. 

tage is, that by having a little more heat in the pipes, more 
be safely admitted than when less artificial heat is used. Of ©? 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. Rar 


are times when it is difficult to forecast fluctuations of temperature, but many 
difficulties may be overcome by careful observation of the outside elements. 

We cannot expect the fine weather to last much longer. At the time 
of writing there is little difficulty in regulating the day temperatures, but 
in order that sufficient air may be given the hot-water pipes are kept a trifle 
warmer than was necessary a month ago. This only applies to the hottest 
divisions. As regards the cool houses, owing to the majority of the inmates 
having been recently potted, a little closer atmosphere will be maintained 
until the plants have re-established themselves. And unless the weather 
becomes cold no artificial heat will be necessary. 

The sun may yet prove too strong for such plants as those mentioned in 
the last calendar, but the shadings used during the summer for the pro- 
tection of Aérides, Vandas, Epidendrums, Dendrobiums, Cattleyas, and 
Mexican Orchids may now be entirely dispensed with. ‘ 

Two warm-growing Oncidiums, Krameri and papilio, are highly appre- 
ciated when in bloom, their butterfly-like flowers being very attractive and 
interesting. These are now opening their buds, and will continue to produce 
fresh flowers from each stem for some considerable period; but it is not 
advisable to prolong their flowering season unnecessarily, or the plants will 
become so weak that they will soon commence to gradually dwindle away. 
Therefore, when each spike has given out three or four flowers, they should 
be cut off, which will prove beneficial to the plants next season. These 
beautiful Oncidiums prefer a light position, hanging up close to the roof 
glass, in either pan or basket, with but a very small quantity of material to 
root into. 

Amongst the most easily grown of Orchids are the Sobralias, though 
as a rule they do not find as much favour with cultivators as they deserve, 
the objection being that the individual blooms last so short a period. 
Nevertheless, no collection of Orchids can be said to be complete without 
them, and I think them worthy of more attention than they receive at the 
Present time. Here we have a large specimen of the gorgeous S. macrantha, 
Which has produced three and four flowers in succession from every fully 
developed stem, and has been a grand object for several weeks past. “Ene 
pure white variety of the above species, called S. macrantha Kienastiana, 
is the rarest and most valuable of all the Sobralias, and is represented in 
only very few collections. A splendid specimen of this lovely Orchid wen 
exhibited by Baron Schréder at the Drill Hall in 1891, when it was unant- 
mously awarded a First-class Certificate by the Orchid Committee, and 
gteatly admired by all present. Equal as regards size to either sabes 
Preceding is the beautiful rich yellow S. xantholeuca. Other desirable kinds 
are S. virginalis, S. liliastrum, S. albo-violacea, and S. Warscewiczu. 

All of the above species, being very strong-rooting plants, require 4 oe 
deal of pot-room, and those that have become pot-bound —— == 


312 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


have a liberal shift. Give good drainage, and pot firmly with lumpsd 
fibrous peat and sandy loam, combined with a small quantity of sphagnum 
moss. When in full growth these plants must be plentifully supplied wit 
water at the root, and at other times kept always moist. By syringing well 
up under the foliage two or three times a day in warm weather they may 
easily be kept free from insects, which, if left undisturbed, quickly disfigur 
the leaves. As the plants become re-established, cut this year’s flowering 
shoots down to the roots, and tie out the new growths, so that light and ar 
may pass freely between them. The lightest part of the intermediate hous 
will suit all Sobralias admirably. 

Another genus of Orchids that does not find favour with amateus 
generally is Schomburgkia, owing, no doubt, to the difficulty of getting 
the plants to bloom freely. But I consider it possible, with careltl 
attention, by placing the plants in various positions and carefully noting 
where they do best, that the successful blooming of these distinct plants 
may be accomplished. Schomburgkia crispa is the only species that flowers 
here with anything like regularity. It is grown in the Cattleya hows, 
standing down amongst the Cattleyas and receiving exactly the same 
treatment. Other species, as S. undulata and S. Lyonsii (which latte 
bloomed here for the first time last month, and another plant will soon 
opening its pretty flowers), both do well treated exactly the same 4 the 
Mexican Lelias. S. tibicinis and S. Sanderiana, which have hollow” 
cow’s-horn-like pseudobulbs, grow well hanging close to the roof glass ™ 
the same house. All of them, when growing freely, will take any quantity 
of water at the root, but when growth is completed they should receive less 
moisture, and be placed where they will get the least amount of shade 
plenty of fresh air, which will harden and mature their growths, and induct 
them to flower regularly. 


By this time some of the spring-flowering Cattleyas, as C. Triane - 
C. Mendelii, will have completed their growths, and consequently they . 
require less moisture at the root and all the sunlight possible, s0 that the 
newly-formed bulbs may be properly hardened and matured, and thus 
Prepared to withstand the drain upon their resources when the ee 
Season arrives. When the growths of the above-mentioned spec e 
mature, the plants should be watered only at long intervals, receiving ? 
Sufficient to keep the bulbs and leaves from more than slightly shrivellits 


ei — must be given to induce the plants to make plenty of rm 
which, 


: if properly watered, they will continue to do throughout . 
winter. On the other hand, it should be remembered that too mie the: 
at the root or in the atmosphere is one of the principal cae ae 
black rot, so often observable amongst this beautiful class of Orchids, a 
is therefore the safest and best plan to err rather on the dry side ee 
the wet. It is exceedingly difficult to advise inexperienced cultivators * ’ 


THE ORCHID’ REVIEW. 313 


the exact amount of water these Cattleyas require during their so-called 
period of rest, as it is only by long practical experience and sound judgment 
that thorough success is attained. 

The dwarf-growing Lelia pumila and its varieties, Dayana and prestans, 
are very charming little plants when in flower. All of them should be 
grown in small shallow pans, and during the summer months should be 
suspended close to the glass in the cool house ; but now they are flowering, 
and finishing their growth, the intermediate house will be the best place for 
them. A small quantity only of peat and sphagnum is requisite for the 
plants to root in, and this should always be kept fairly moist, while from 
the commencement of growth, and until it is completed, liberal supplies of 
water are necessary. 

Such stately and strong-growing plants as Vanda tricolor and V. suavis, 
that have lost their bottom leaves, or that require more root-room, should 
be taken in hand at the end of the present month or the beginning of next. 
I have always found when any disturbance at the roots of these plants is 
necessary that this is the best time of the year to set about it, as far less 
loss of foliage is likely to accrue than when the operation is performed in 
the spring. Full directions as to the best method of re-potting the above- 
mentioned Vandas, and their cultural requirements generally, will be found 
in the Calendar of Operations for January. 

The following Orchids that have been growing in the cool house during 
the past summer should now be placed in the coolest part of the inter- 
mediate or Cattleya house, where they will get abundance of light and 
air :—Masdevallia tovarensis and all Masdevallias of the Chimera section, 
Odontoglossum Krameri, O. nzvium, O. cirrhosum, and Miltonia vexillaria. 

The East Indian and Cattleya houses must still be well ventilated on all 
warm days, and abundance of air must also be given to the cool houses 
whenever the external air is above 50°. 

The night temperatures for the month should be as follows :—East 
Indian, 65° to 70°; Cattleya, 60° to 65°; cool houses, 50° to 55°. 


ODONTOGLOSSUM LONDESBOROUGHIAN UM. 


In reference to the culture of his plant, as given at Pp. 282 of our last 


issue, Mr. Horner writes that he keeps the plants as cool as possible during 
the summer, from 50° to 60° when the weather permits, though the 
temperature rises considerably with sun-heat. Abundance of air is always 
given, and shading is avoided as much as possible, though the blinds are 
let down from about eleven o’clock till four whenever necessary. woud 
drainage is considered very essential, and careful watering, or the foliage is 
liable to spot. It is grown with a mixed collection of cool Orchids, and 


314 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


most of the plants from the other houses are brought into this cool house 
as they come into flower. Mr. Horner concludes by saying he is sure the 
this fine Orchid, like others of the cool class, can be grown without hest 
except in severe weather. Those who have not succeeded under other 
methods should take the hint, as it seems probable that too much heat hes 
been one of the chief causes of failure. It probably grows at a considerable 
elevation on the mountains. 


ORCHID PORTRAITS. 

BOTANICAL MAGAZINE. 
MEGACLINIUM MINUTUM, Rolfe. A singular and floriferous little species 
the smallest in the genus, with reddish brown and yellow flowers, arranged 
on a flattened purple rachis. It was discovered on Sugarloaf Mountain, 
Sierra Leone, by Mr. G. F. Scott Elliott, naturalist to the recent Angle 
French Delimitation Commission, and flowered at Kew.—t. 7314. 

GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE. 

CYPRIPEDIUM Xx MASSAIANUM. A handsome hybrid derived from ©. 
superciliare 2 and Rothschildianum d, described in our August issue, p. 24 
—Sept. and, p. 267, fig. 48. 

GARDEN, 

CALANTHE  X GIGAS. One of the finest hybrids of the C. vestita group, 
obtained from C. vestita grandiflora 2 and C. Regnieri Sanderiana 4 
was described in our March issue, p. 86.—Sept. oth, p. 236, t. 926. 


GARDENERS’ MAGAZINE. ; 

L&Lia x Novetty. A pretty little hybrid derived from Lelia pumila 
and Leelio-cattleya x elegans g, by Dr. Harris, of Lamberhurst, and after 
wards in the establishment of Messrs. James Veitch and Sons, of Chelsea. 
Aug. 26th, PP- 539, 531, with figure. a 

EPIDENDRUM ATROPURPUREUM VAR. RANDII.—Sept. 16th, p. 546, Wi 
figure. 

ILLUSTRATION HORTICOLE. 

CYPRIPEDIUM x SIBYROLENSE. A hybrid derived from C. Bo 
C, Insigne, which flowered last F ebruary in the collection of M. but 
Cahuzac, Chateau de Sibyrol, near Bordeaux. It is near C. x nitems 
has @ more spotted dorsal sepal—July 2oth, p. 69, t. 179. a. 

EvLoputa PULCHRA, Lindl. A pretty species, widely diffused 8 
Mascarene Islands.—Aug, 15th, p. 79, t. 181. 


xallii a4 
Martin: 


JOURNAL DES ORCHIDEES. 
MAXILLaria STRIATA, Rolfe. (Described in ov last issue, 


p. 206 
Sept. 15th, pp. 200, 201, fig. 64. | ea 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 315 


JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE. 

STANHOPEA AMESIANA, Hort. A white variety of S. Lowii.—Aug. 24th, 
p. 175, fig. 26. 

CYPRIPEDIUM X SANDER-SUPERBIENS. (See p. 307 of our present issue.) 
—Sept. 7th, p. 215, fig. 31. 

LINDENIA. 

LA&LIA PURPURATA VAR. FASTUOsA. A handsome variety, with light rose 
sepals and petals, the latter irregularly variegated with a darker tint along 
the centre and towards the apex.-—t. 385. 

L&LIO-CATTLEYA X ExIMIA. A handsome hybrid raised by Mr. Seden 
from Cattleya Warneri 2 and Lelia purpurata 3, now in the collection of 
Baron Sir Henry Schréder, The Dell, Egham.—t. 386. 

MASDEVALLIA xX Poursarxu. A handsome hybrid raised by M. Eugene 
Pourbaix, of Mons, Belgium, from M. Veitchiana ? and M. Shuttleworthii 2. 
It flowered for the first time during the past summer, when it produced a 
single bloom.—t. 387. 

OpontoGLossuM THOMPSONIANUM, Garnier. A handsome form, with 
short broad sepals and petals, the former very dark, and a broad lip with 
orange-brown crest and a similar blotch on the disc. It is compared with 
O. hystrix, but is evidently a variety of O. sceptrum, which is similar in 
shape. It was imported by Messrs. Linden, L’Horticulture Internationale, 
Brussels, but has since passed into the collection of W. Thompson, Esq., 
Walton, Stone, Staffordshire.—t. 388. 


REVUE HORTICOLE. 

CATTLEYA xX BLESENSIS. A very pretty hybrid derived from Lelia 
pumila ¢ and Cattleya Loddigesii 2, by M. Ch. Maron. The cross was 
effected in November, 1885, the seeds matured and were sown in February, 
mei and the first flower was produced in November, 1890. It can only be 
considered a variety of Lelio-cattleya x Aurora, which flowered with 


Messrs. Veitch in September, 1889, and had Lzlia pumila Dayana as the 
seed parent. 


REVUE DE L’HORTICULTURE BELGE ET ETRANGERE. 
CaTTLEYA Mossi#.—Sept., p. 201, with plate. 


WIENER ILLUSTRIRTE GARTEN-ZEITUNG. 
— x SCHOENBRUNNENSIS. A handsome hybrid raised in the 
lon of the Emperor of Austria, at Schénbrunn, near Vienna, it is said 
a and L. Skinneri, though its characters resemble L. 
ee a rather than L. gigantea. It was described in our February 
> P- 51.—Sept., p. 288, t. 3. 


6 
« 


. 316 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


CONTINENTAL NOTES. 


By CH. DE BOsscHERE. 


AT the September Horticultural Meeting at Ghent M. Jules Hye exhibited 
two of his achievements in the genus Cypripedium, namely, C. x triumphans, 
derived from C. x Sallieri superbum 2 and C. x cenanthum superbum /; and 
C. x giganteum, derived from C. x Sallieri Hyeanum 2 and C. x Hartisi- 
anum g; the latter remarkable for the exceptional developments of all the 
floral segments. C. x triumphans is one of the most beautiful hybrids yet 
raised ; the lower two-thirds of the upper sepal are yellow, covered with 
jet-black dotting, and relieved with a brilliant polish ; the central band is 
quite black, which shades off through violet-rose into the white ground 
colour, the broad margin being pure white. The petals are broad, some 
what drooping, curved, dark crimson, varnished and bordered with golden- 
yellow ; their lower part is paler, lightly dotted with black at the extreme 
base. The lip is brilliant crimson in front, nankeen-yellow behind, bordered 
with chrome-yellow round the orifice. Staminode honey-yellow, very cot- 
cave at the base, surmounted by a small bronze-coloured tubercle in the 
centre. It is a robust hybrid, with beautiful dark green glaucous leaves. 
A plant of Miltonia Moreliana superba, exhibited by M. Jules Hye, wa 
distinguished by its very dark tint and the exceptional length of the sepals 
and petals. 
At the meeting of the Orchidéene, of Brussels, many handsome Orchids 
were shown. Messrs. Linden exhibited Anguloa eburnea Lindeni, with 
large snow-white flowers ; Galeandra Claesii; Maxillaria callichroma; 
Miltonia spectabilis radians, whose lip is nearly entirely snow-white; =e 
rare Odontoglossum prestans; and Paphinia grandis, with a very large 
and fragrant flower. Madame Block exhibited with great success a er i 
beautiful Cypripedium Elliottianum, and a superb C. x Morgania, Some 
what resembling C. x Morganiz burfordiense, as figured in the Reichenbachity 
in colour, ~ 
In the houses of L’Horticulture Internationale are flowering some dit 
varieties of Cattleya, many beautiful plants of Stauropsis lissocn 
(Vanda Batemanii), and various Vandas, which are much @ mired f 
visitors, a 


a 


In the establishment of M. A. A. Peeters is flowering a brilliant — 
of Cattleya Warscewiczii, whose very large lip has two handsome 7” |) 
eyes in the throat ; Cattleya x Patrocinii, a natural hybrid bet ae 
Leopoldii and C. guttata, with violet-rose, lightly spotted segments 
Lelio-cattleya x Schilleriana, with seven beautiful flowers. a 

In the houses of M. Alfred Van Imschoot, of Mont-St.-Amand, Y 
are many beautiful things. Specially noteworthy are Cattleya Sand oft 
“remarkable variety, and C. velutina, distinguished by the breadth © 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 317 


segments and the beauty of its lip, rayed with purple lines and bordered 
with yellow. A magnificent form of Lelio-cattleya x elegans Turneri, 
well-flowered examples of Cypripedium Rothschildianum and C. Elliotti- 
anum, and a fine Cattleya Loddigesii with long petals and a white lip, are 
also noteworthy. Here also may be seen the rare Coelogyne Thuniana, 
Epidendrum prismatocarpum, with twelve racemes, Vanda _ tricolor 
Imschootiana, the rare Brownleea coerulea, and Epidendrum vitellinum, 
with seventeen of its brilliant flowers. 

Mm. Edm. Vervaet et Cie have two beautiful forms of Lelio-cattleya x 
elegans Turneri, one with salmon-coloured segments, the other of a brighter 
tint, with nine flowers borne on an enormous pseudobulb of over a yard 
high, with equally well-developed leaves. A Cypripedium Stonei is also 
remarkable for the length of the tube of the lip and the small dimensions of 
the slipper-shaped front lobe. 


ORCHIDS AT {THE ROYAL HORTICULTURAL 
SOCIETY. 


By JOHN WEATHERS, 


A WAVE of modesty must have passed over a great many Orchid growers 
on the occasion of the large Fruit and Flower Show, held in the Agricultural 
Hall, Islington, from August 29th to September Ist, as there were com- 
paratively few who put in an appearance. 

Norman C. Cookson, Esq., F.R.H.S., Oakwood, Wylam-on-Tyne (gr. 
Mr. Murray), received an Award of Merit for Cypripedium Sandero- 
superbiens, a fine large hybrid, somewhat resembling C. x Morganie, 
which had been raised from seed presented by Capt. Vipan. C.Sanderianum 
was the seed parent. 

The Hon. Mrs. Foley, F.R.H.S., Packham, Fordingbridge (gr. Mr. 
Moxham), sent a deeply coloured Cattleya Leopoldi, Pernambuco variety. 

Major Joicey, Sunningdale Park (gr. Mr. Thorne), exhibited a Cypripedium 
seedling, raised from C, barbatum @ and C, x selligerum 2, a bold dark 
hybrid with large lip and heavily blotched petals ; also a good form of 
Cattleya Alexandre. : 

An Award of Merit was again given to Cypripedium x Edwardii (C. 
superbiens 2 x C. Fairieanum 2), which was this time shown by Thos, 
Statter, Esq., F.R.H.S., Stand Hall, Whitefield, Manchester (gr Mr. 
Johnson). The same hybrid was shown on July 25th by Messrs. Pitcher 
and Manda, and received a similar award. aS 

Messrs. W. L. Lewis and Co., Chase Side, Southgate, N., exhibited a 
pretty group, and obtained a Silver Banksian Medal. Chiefly noteworthy 


318 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


were the orange Dendrobium densiflorum, Oncidium Jonesianum, 0, 
incurvum, Q. tigrinum, and Cypripedium x Bradshawianum. = 
Mr. P. McArthur, Maida Vale, W., exhibited a form of Cypripedium 
niveum, called radians, the chief peculiarity of which was the radiating 
dotted purple lines on a white ground. . 

A Silver Banksian Medal was awarded to Messrs. F. Sander and Co, St. 
Albans, for a group containing many rare and interesting plants. Perhaps 
the most noticeable was a fine strong specimen of Habenaria carnea, which 
received a First-class Certificate. The flowers were of a beautiful soft 
tinge of salmon-pink, furnished with long spurs, and the bronzy-green | 
leaves were decorated with silvery spots, after the fashion of a Bertolonia 
Aérides Ballantineanum aureum—shown also on August 8th—received an 
Award of Merit. Mention must also be made of a Peristeria aspersa, 4 
species with buff-yellow flowers densely speckled all over with purple-ted, | 
It is of seedling origin, and may possibly be a hybrid. Calanthe Sanderiana, 
a handsome East African species, Acineta Barkeri, Pescatorea Klabochorum, 
and Vanda Sanderiana were also included in this group. 

The meeting at the Drill Hall, James Street, Victoria Street, Westmins 
ter, was more productive of good things. The President of the Society, Si 
Trevor Lawrence, Bart., Burford, Dorking (gr. Mr. White), exhibited some 
Cypripediums, the most remarkable being the beautiful, but slightly knows, 
C. prestans, and C x ceno-superbiens, a fine beautifully-coloured hybrid 
with bold erect flowers, the upper sepal of which is densely covered with 
large blackish purple blotches on a clear purple ground. The lat 
received an Award of Merit. C. x conco-Lawre and C. x Morganlé 
burfordiense were also shown. 

Norman C. Cookson, Esq., F.R.H.S., Oakwood, Wylam-on-Tyné sg 
Mr. Murray), exhibited Lelio-cattleya Clive (C. Dowiana , * L 
prestans 2), a hybrid with rosy sepals and petals and a deep velvety purple 
lip with orange veins in the throat, resembling on the whole L.-C. < 
Ingrami (L. pumila Dayana 2 x C. Dowiana aurea), and almost the 
reversed cross. a 

The Hon. Mrs. Foley, F.R.H.S., Fordingbridge, Hants (gr- “es ) 
ham), exhibited two plants of Cattleya Alexandre, chiefly remarkable ! | 
their very long flower spikes, and a pale mauve C. Gaskelliana. at 

C. J. Ingram, Esq., Elstead House, Godalming (gr. Mr. Bond); esi! e 
Cypripedium x L’Unique (C. Lindleyanum ? x C. Schlimii album éh” 
distinct hybrid, and C. x Adonis (C. hirsutissimum ¢ and C. Curtisii 2) | 
which the blood of the seed-parent chiefly predominates. ag ‘ ; 

_H.S. Leon, Esq., M.P., F.R.H.S., Bletchley Park, Bucks (t : 
Hislop), obtained an Award of Merit for Cypripedium x Leon® CH ‘the 
Chantini 2 x C¢, callosum 4), which bore two large fine flowers so 
Scape. The upper sepal is mostly pure white with a green : 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 319 


covered with rows of black-purple blotches. The petals are purple-brown, 
the lip being much deeper in tone. 

S. G. Lutwyche, Esq., Eden Park, Beckenham (gr. Mr. May), exhibited 
a strong specimen of Lycaste Skinneri, on which there were two large 
flowers issuing from the same bract. 

A Bronze Banksian Medal was awarded to R. I. Measures, Esq, 
Cambridge Lodge, Camberwell (gr. Mr. Chapman), for a group of Cypri- 
pediums, which, with the single exception of C. Schomburgkianum (or, more 
correctly, Selenipedium Klotzschianum), a rare species allied to C. cari- 
cinum, were all hybrids, the names and parents of which can only be 
mentioned at present:—C. x Madame Cappe (C. Spicerianum ? x C. x 
Dauthieri 7); C. x Hebe (C. Hookerz Measuresianum 2 x C. Lawrence- 
anum $); C. x Diana (C. barbatum superbum ? x C. Spicerianum 7)— 
somewhat like C. x Eyermanianum; C. x picturatum (C. superbiens 2? x 
C. Spicerianum 2); C. x Ganesa (C. x Sallieri 2 x C. Lawrenceanum 
Hyeanum 7); anda seedling Selenipedium, from S. x cardinale ? and S. 
longifolium 3. 

Thomas Statter, Esq., F.R.H.S., Stand Hall, Whitefield, Manchester (gr. 
Mr. Johnson), sent a collection of beautiful cut flowers, representing the 
pure and charming Cattleya Statteriana, C. x Minucia, C. x Parthenia, 
C. guttata Leopoldi, Stand Hall variety, C. Victoria-regina, and Lelia x 
elegans blenheimensis. 

Mr. H. Elliott, F.R.H.S., Stourvale Nurseries, Christchurch, Hants, 
exhibited a spike of a good variety of Cattleya Gaskelliana. 

Messrs. Linden, of Parc Leopold, Brussels, received an Award of Merit 
for Cypripedium x Clotilde Moens (C. x Leeanum $ x C. Haynaldianum 2), 
a strong plant with three large flowers on the scape, and resembling C. x 
Carnusianum (C. Haynaldianum ¢ x C. Spicerianum 2), but being larger 
and more purely coloured. It was described at p. 284 of our last issue. 

A Silver Banksian Medal was granted to Messrs. Hugh Low and Co., 
Clapton, for a group in which were several fine specimens of the erg wane 
Stanhopea Amesiana, Cypripedium Victorie-Marie, Miltonia Roezlii, 
Trichopilia Wageneri, &c. 

The Secretary to the Committee, Mr. James O’Brien, Harrow-on-the- 
Hill, exhibited flowering plants of Satyrium membranaceum, with white 
and pink flowers, and roundish ovate leaves with a glassy-looking pellucid 
upper surface. 

A Silver Flora Medal went to Messrs. F. Sander and Co., St. Albans, 
for a group, including Angrecum articulatum, Aérides Lawrences, Wars- 
cewiczella Wailesiana, Habenaria carnea and H. militaris, seven plants of 
Miltonia spectabilis Moreliana, several Cypripediums, Oncidiums, &c. 

Messrs. J. Veitch and Sons, King’s Road, Chelsea, S.W., received a 
First-class Certificate for Cypripedium X Aphrodite (C. niveum -* 


320 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


Lawrenceanum @), a fine white hybrid with rosy veins and do 
reverse cross of C. x Antigone. An Award of Merit was giv 
lilac-purple Lzlio-Cattleya x Epicasta (L. pumila 2 x C. Warsei 
and also to L.-C. x Nysa (L. crispa 2 x C, Warscewiczii 4), 

exhibited for the first time in August, 1891, and has pale rose s 
petals and a deep purple lip. Dendrobium neo-guineense, which i 
albino of the green-flowered D. Veitchianum, was also shown. 


CORRESPONDENCE, &c. 


CaTTLEYA X HARDYANA.—A superb form of this handsome Cattleya, in the shape: 
flowered raceme, has been sent by Reginald Young, Esq., Sefton Park, Liverpool (gr. 
Poyntz). The plant has twenty-eight bulbs, and this year has produced thirteen fle 
four spikes. The sepals are slightly mottled and the petals slightly veined, while 
deep purple-crimson in front, the disc beautifully pencilled with golden lines, with 
deep yellow blotch on either side. A rather smaller form comes from R. Brooman 
Esq., of Arddarroch, which flowered out of a batch of C. Dowiana aurea from 
Charlesworth, Shuttleworth and Co. 


like to see the matter cleared up. At present it would appear to be a synonym of C. 
tans. And is it certain that the other species came from New Guinea? The otherp! 
Stanhopea Wardii and a variety of Vanda suavis. ) 
R. I. Measures, Esq., Cambridge Lodge, Camberwell, sends a seedling Selenipeal 
near S. X Sedeni, which was derived from S. x cardinale crossed with the : 
longifolium, and thus a hybrid in the third degree :—S. longifolium X Schlimii=S- 
—S. X Sedeni x Schlimii albiflorum — S. x cardinale.—S. x cardinale X S. le n 
SX seedling.—Parentage, S. longifolium 3, S. Schlimii 3. It would almost pass 
form ofS. X Sedeni. Had S. x Ainsworthii been used instead of S. 10Ng = 
aeiates would have been S. longifolium 4, S. Schlimii 4, or precisely the same : 
en. 


Portraits received with thanks ‘—Rodriguezia pubescens from R. B. 
Arddarroch, and C. Winn, Esq., Selly Hill, Birmingham ; which latter also 

pedium X Edith Winn. H. Little, Esq., The Barons, East Twickenham, sends © 
-X selligerum and C. x Io grandis, Several interesting Cypripediums < 
have also been received from Mr, G. l’Anson, of Upper Clapton. 


ERRATA. 
P. ats line 17 from bottom, for Cattleya “Shepherdiana ” read “ Schofield 
P. 286, line 16. Cypripedium Fairieanum was the pollen parent of C 


Edw ardii, not the seed parent, as inadvertently stated. It is correctly given ™ 
description at p, 23. 


“Charlesworth, 
huttleworth & Cn, 


: Heaton, BRADFORD, 


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and imported Orcuins. 


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@ Charlesworthii cam 98 
rmedia var. picturata... 198 
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sOssum Krameri album, etc. 200 
tenebrosa, rhea Nigar ate 
Odontoglossums 
illia Ch Chimera y 

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Contents. 


The Hybridist 


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CULTIVATED UNDER GLASS IN GREAT BRITAIN. 


contains descriptio ns of all the most important d ti cultivation, their origin, Botanical # 

hoe inode, ache: with Cultural Notes, - ‘ ce ne 

me being. comp Mant cunt sc Srey pay a cul ors of exotic Orchids with a fuller account of the principal g 

iso cates eee erie E 1s ras niaee in nog Maibwate hitherto in use. 

i aoe: — d culture during the last quarter ng a century, resulting from the increased taste for, pane d 
I d interesting order of plants, has ii our opinion, created the desideratum which we 


and varities of Orchids at present in cultivation, and to which additions ‘ieuel 1s 
erties aint se artificial hybridisation, that the labour a ing the compilation of a ¥ 
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ep ae eres 


Vou. 1] NOVEMBER, 1803. [No. 11. 


THE wee 


OKCHID REVIE 


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DEVOTED EXCLUSIVELY TO ORCHIDOLOGY — 
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im a of al See most important species and varieties in cultivation, their origin, } 
n itvedtucaia ion, together with Cultural Notes, &c., &c. principal 
and vari compiled to sup re — and cultivators of exotic Orchids with a fuller account of the 
= varieties agri source than is contained in eg Wianicate hitherto in use. d taste for, and 7 
ion of Orchid waite dating ~% last aes er - a Cepia B08 ones from the increase which we 
this beautiful and interesting order plants, has in our opin created the desideraium 
in g to supply. constantly 
numerous are the species and varities of Orchids at present in sical and to which adi ae are: : 
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THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


| Vor. I.] NOVEMBER, 1893. (No. 11. , 


NOTES. 


THE meeting of the Royal Horticultural Society, on October 24th last, was 
-Temarkable for a fine display of Cattleya labiata from various collections, 
and among them a plant of the rare and beautiful Cattleya labiata alba. 
_ Several interesting hybrids were also exhibited. 


; Two meetings are announced for November, on the 14th and 28th 
’ Fespectively, when the Orchid Committee will meet at the usual hour. 


_ The remarkable Lissochilus giganteus has not often bloomed in this 
Country. We learn from the Fournal of Horticulture, that a plant in the 


a 


% collection of Holbrook Gaskell, Esq., Woolton Wood, near Liverpool, is now 
_“attying a spike nine feet three inches long, and bearing thirty-six flowers 


a the top. It is grown in an eight-inch pot, ina mixture of rough peat, cow 
_ manure, crocks, charcoal, and sand, in a stove temperature, with abundance 


q of water when growing, but kept dust dry when at rest. 


3 In its native home on the Congo it must be a remarkable sight, as it 
_ stows in marshes by the river banks in masses, flowering in profusion, and 
: "© Scapes are said to sometimes attain a height of sixteen feet. 
s 


Orchid collecting in Sarawak is likely to become a difficult mate 
Jah Brooke is said to have prohibited the collection of natural history 
objects within his territory, and is taking stringent measures for preserving 
the fauna and flora, which is said to be in danger of being destroyed, in 
_~*hSequence of the depredations of Orchid hunters and others. 


= How far the precautions are justified we are not able to judge, though 


We can easily conceive cases where such measures might be necessary. 
21 


322 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


close season in some other localities may be among the possibilities of the 
future. 


America has lost one of her foremost Orchidists, in the person of Mr. F. 
L. Ames, who died on September 13th last, in his fifty-ninth year. His 
collection of Orchids at North Easton, Mass., was very fine, and contained 
many rarities. His name is commemorated in Vanda Amesiana, Luisia 
Amesiana, Phalznopsis x F. L. Ames, and others. 


BOLLEA LALINDEI. 


This is one of the few blue Orchids known in gardens, though unforte- 
nately it is seldom seen. Its discovery was due to Mr. Lalinde, “the 
Orchidophilist architect of Medellin, in New Granada, who for so many 
years kindly assisted the New Granadan travellers and Orchid destroyers 
without being the least acknowledged in Europe ’”’—at least so Reichenbach 
affirms. ‘ Finally, the gentleman appears to have settled his mind by sent- 
ing himself living Orchids to Europe, and he began to do so assisted by his 
young Belgian friend, M. Patin.” It flowered with Messrs. James Veitch and 
Sons, in1874. The flowers were described as beautiful bright violet, the tip 
of the upper sepal green, and the inferior halves of the lateral ones brownish 
purple, the lip deep orange, and the column deep purplish. Bollea Patial 
described at the same time, from the same source, has rather larger and 
much paler flowers of a pallid blue, but it is evidently a variety of the samé 
It flowered in the collection of G. Herriot, Esq., of Cholmeley Park, High- 
_ gate. A plant of the latter form has recently flowered in the collection of 
Welbore S. Ellis, Esq., Hazelbourne, Dorking, which was imported in 189! 
with Cattleya Warscewiczii, from a district well up the Magdalena ae 
in New Granada. The flower is pale whitish lilac, suffused with mavv 
near the tips, the crest of the lip deep yellow and column mauve-purple: 
This organ is very remarkable, being eleven lines broad, and vety concavé 
giving the flower a very grotesque appearance. It should be cultivated 
the warm house, in a mixture of peat and moss, in well-drained pots wis 
pieces of fern stem. It requires an abundance of water when growing | 
and should never be allowed to become dry at any time. | 

Bollea Lalindei, 2 - : Vag., t. 6331: Zyg° 
petalum Lalindei, ance ‘a ie Nercteat eahg sie, Sane vies ie Orchy 
: ‘Bollea Patini, fig. 13 Fh Mas: ' 


Rchb. f. in Gard. + : : a. oe 
N. 8., 1875, t. 147. ard. Chron., 1874, ii. p. 34 ; 1875, i. pp- 8,9 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 323 


HISTORY OF ORCHID HYBRIDISATION. 

PART X. 
(Continued from page 295.) 
Tue first hybrid Stanhopea was raised in Germany, in the collection of Herr 
Spindler, of Spindlersfeld, from S. oculata crossed with the pollen of S. 
tigrina. It was described and figured in the Gartenflora as S. x Spindleri- 
ana. It is fairly intermediate, both in shape and colour, the flowers being 
larger and fewer in number than those of S. oculata, with the addition of 
some of the dark-coloured blotches of S. tigrina. It flowered in the summer 
of 1890. 

A very pretty little hybrid was figured in the Orchidophile for 1890 under 
the name of Cattleya Vedasti, which had been raised in the collection of 
M, Perrenoud, between Cattleya Loddigesii 2 and “C. Pinellii marginata,” 
i., Lelia pumila, 4. It is therefore. the reverse cross of C. x blesensis 
(P- 315), and may be considered as a variety of Lelio-cattleya x Aurora 
(p. 261). 

Another handsome form was figured in the same work under the name 
of Cattleya x amcena. It was raised by M. Alfred Bleu, of Paris, from 
Cattleya Loddigesii 2 and Lelia Perrinii 3, and has since received its correct 
name of Lelio-cattleya x amoena. : 

Cypripedium x javanico-Spicerianum was raised in the collection of 
M. Page, of Bougival, France, between C. javanicum and C. Spicerianum. 
It is not recorded which was the seed parent. 

Cypripedium x barbato-Veitchianum was raised by M. Alfred Bleu, of 
Paris, between C. barbatum 2 and C. superbiens (Veitchianum) 4, and must 
be considered as a variety of C. x superciliare (p. 39)- 

A considerable number of hybrids were recorded during 1891, though the 
steat majority were Cypripediums, which genus soon became espana 
Popular with hybridists, owing to the facility with which seedlings can 
raised and the comparatively early stage at which they flower. During 1891 
the genus Disa was added to the list. 

Disa x Veitchii, the first hybrid in the genus, 
beautiful plant. It was raised by Mr. Seden, in the collection of agua 
James Veitch and Sons, of Chelsea, from D. racemosa crossed with the 
Pollen of Dp. grandiflora, and flowered for the first time when only a y 
and nine months old, thus beating the record for quickness of a 
from the time of sowing the seed. It was exhibited at a —— ‘oe 
Royal Horticultural Society on June gth, and received the double 
of a First-class Certificate and a Silver-gilt Flora Medal. peor sare 

Another plant which received the same double award on pen : me of 
the beautiful Lzlio-cattleya x Arnoldiana, raised in the — 
meee 8. Sender and Co., of St. Albans, by Mr. Maynard. " 


is an interesting and very 


324 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


obtained by crossing Lelia purpurata with the pollen of a Cattleya of the 
labiata group—possibly C. Warscewiczii. It is allied to L. x callistoglossa, 

A particularly interesting hybrid exhibited on the same date was Odonto- 
glossum xX excellens, Rchb. f., raised by artificial crossing. This Odonto- 
glossum was originally described in 1881 from a wild plant, and its author 
suggested that it was probably a natural hybrid between O. Pescatorei and 
QO. tripudians. It was afterwards pointed out that O. triumphans instead 
of O. tripudians must have been the second parent. In order to test this, 
Mr. Seden crossed O. Pescatorei with the pollen of O. triumphans, and the 
resulting hybrid proved absolutely identical with the wild one. It was the 
second hybrid in the genus whose parentage had been proved by direct 
experiment, and the first which reached the flowering stage in England. 

Epidendrum x dellense is a very pretty hybrid, with orange-coloured 
flowers, which was raised in the collection of Baron Schroder, The Dell, 
Egham, from E. xanthinum @ and E. radicans f. It most resembles the 
former, but has larger flowers of deeper colour. It received a First-class 
Certificate from the Royal Horticultural Society on April 14th. 

Phaius x maculato-grandifolius was raised in the establishment of 
Messrs. James Veitch and Sons, of Chelsea, from Phaius grandifolius and 
P. maculatus, the former being the seed parent. The leaves have a few 
yellowish spots, derived from P. maculatus, and the flowers are about as 
large as those of P. grandifolius, the sepals and petals yellow with a slight 
coppery tinge, and the lip yellow at the base and chestnut-red in front, with 
some lines of the latter colour in the throat. It is a handsome hybrid of 
novel colour, and received a First-class Certificate from the Royal Hort 
cultural Society on November t1oth. 

Two hybrid Masdevallias which made their appearance in 1891 may now 
be considered. 

Masdevallia x falcata was raised in the collection of D. O. Drewett 
Esq., of Riding Mill-on-Tyne, from M. Lindeni 9 and M. Veitchiana 4, ané 
most resembles the latter, especially in colour. The sepals are closely 
studded with minute purplish crimson papillae on a yellow ground, which 
becomes deep red towards the tails. It is very pretty, and may - 
compared with the best form of M. x Chelsoni. 

Masdevallia x Mundyana is a handsome hybrid with large orange 
coloured flowers, raised in the establishment of Messrs. F. Sander and Co., 
of St. Albans, between M. ignea aurantiaca and M. Veitchiana. It is not 
Stated which was the seed parent. It receiyed a First-class Certificate 2 
the Temple Show of the Royal Horticultural Society in May, 1891- . 

Several hybrid Cattleyas were also recorded during this year, @ 
follows :— 

Cattleya x Parthenia is a secondary hybrid raised by M. Alfred ein 
of Paris, from C. x fimbriata crossed with the pollen of C. Mossi. 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 325 


a handsome form, with blush-white flowers, the disc of the lip light yellow, 
and the anterior portion beautifully veined and suffused with light rosy purple. 

Cattleya x fimbriata, mentioned in the preceding paragraph, flowered 
for the first time in 1878, though the fact does not appear to have been 
recorded at the time. It is said to have been raised from C. amethystina 
(.¢., C. intermedia) 2 and C. Aclandiz g, the cross being effected in 1870. 
M. Bleu states that three seedlings ‘‘were successfully reared; the one 
acquired in all its parts the characters of the mother, while the two others 
borrowed those of the father; and the difference between them is so great 
that it is indispensable to have the key of the enigma in order to recognise 
their consanguinity.” The two plants said to resemble C. Aclandiz were 
called C. x calummata (see p. gg), and the other one C. x fimbriata. 
Unfortunately there seems to have been some confusion in the record, for 
the plant of C. x fimbriata in Sir Trevor Lawrence’s collection, received 
from M. Bleu, is like C. x Krameri, Rchb. f., a natural hybrid between 
C. intermedia and C. F orbesii, as has been experimentally proved by Messrs. 
F. Sander and Co., of St. Albans (see p. 2). Noone can compare the wild 
hybrid with those raised by M. Bleu and Messrs. Sander without seeing 
that all are derived from the same parentage. 

Cattleya x Lowryana was raised in the establishment of Messrs. F. 
Sander and Co., of St. Albans, it is said from C. intermedia and C. Forbesii, 
and thus must also be a variety of C. x Krameri. It received a First-class 
Certificate at the Royal Horticultural Society’s Temple Show in May, 
1891, 

Cattleya x Prince of Wales, raised by Messrs. Sander, also received 
2 First-class Certificate at the same time as the preceding. It is said to 
have been obtained from a cross between C. x calummata and C. Mossi 
Wageneri. It is very handsome; the flowers pure white, with the lip tinged 
With rose. 

The following Lzlio-cattleyas were recorded during 1891 :— : 

Lelio-cattleya x Nysa was raised in the establishment of Messrs. James 
Veitch and Sons, of Chelsea, from Lelia crispa 2? and Cattleya seh ial a. 
It was exhibited at a meeting of the Royal Horticultural Society on August 
25th, on the occasion of its first flowering. 

Lelio-cattleya x Behrensiana was raised by Messrs. F. Sander and a 
of St. Albans, from Lelio-cattleya x Schilleriana ¢ and Cattleya i. 
Sesii f. The flowers are light blush, with the front lobe of the lip brig 
‘methyst-purple. 

Five Selenipediums appeared during the year, as follows — Sete 

elenipedium x Coppinianum was raised in the establishment 0 : . 
P. Sander and Co., of St. Albans, from S. x Sedeni and S. x _— — 
both Parents being themselves of hybrid origin. The flowers are ages 
Coloured, with a darker lip. 


326 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


Selenipedium x hybridum was also raised by Messrs. Sander, from 
S. caudatum roseum and S. x conchiferum. The sepals are greenish 
yellow and the petals and lip fawn-coloured. 

A third Selenipedium was raised by Messrs. Pitcher and Manda, of 
Hexstable, Kent, and received the name of Cypripedium x Brownii. Itis 
said to be a very handsome form, and its parentage is recorded as “C. 
magnificum. x C. leucorrhodum.” 

The next appeared with Messrs. James Veitch and Sons, of Chelsea. It 
was obtained by crossing Selenipedium longifolium with the pollen of 
Uropedium Lindeni (an abnormal state of Selenipedium caudatum), and 
received the name of Cypripedium x macrochilum. The abnormal lip 
of Uropedium is quite lost in the hybrid, which may practically be con 
sidered as a variety of S. x grande (p. 71). 

The first hybrid from Selenipedium Boissierianum, which completes the 
list, was also raised in Messrs. Veitch’s establishment, by Mr. Seden. S: 
Schlimii was the seed parent. The hybrid, which received the name of 
Cypripedium x Cleola, is a pretty little plant, comparable with a light form 
of S. x Sedeni. 

The remaining hybrids of the year were all Cypripediums, and may now 
be briefly enumerated. 

The following nine were raised in the establishment of Messrs. F. Sander 
and Co., of St. Albans, by Mr. Maynard :— 5 

C. x Orpheus was derived from C. venustum ? and C. callosum 4, and 
is recorded as the first hybrid derived from the latter, which it most 
resembles. 

C. x Castleanum was raised from C. hirsutissimum ¢ and ©. superbiens 
gd. It isa brilliantly coloured and handsome hybrid, bearing some resem: 
blance to C. x porphyrochlamys (p. 105, fig. 7). 

C. x Alcides was obtained by crossing C. hirsutissimum wi 
of C. insigne. It is a large and delicately coloured hybri 
intermediate in character. 

C. x Kramerianum was derived from C. cenanthum 2 and C. 
and most resembles the former. 

C. x barbato-superbiens, whose parentage is indicated in its name 
a stately flower, which received an Award of Merit from the Royal cae 
cultural Society at the Temple Show in May, 1891. It must be consider 
as a variety of C. x superciliare (p. 39). 

C. x Macfarlanei was derived from C. x calophyllum 
anum ¢, and most resembles the former. 

C. x Maynardii is a beautiful hybrid derived from C. p 
C. Spicerianum 3, and combines the characters of the tw 
dedicated to Mr. Maynard, Messrs. Sander’s clever hybridist. a 

C. x Pollettianum is a very handsome hybrid derived from 2 d 


th the pollen 
d, and fairly 


villosum 4, 


9 and C. Spicer 


urpuratum } and 
o species: ne 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 327 


phyllum and C. cenanthum superbum, both parents being themselves of 
hybrid origin. The dorsal sepal is very richly coloured. 

C. x Malyanum was derived from C. Spicerianum $ and C. x Crossi- 
anum g, and bears some resemblance to C. x Leeanum, but without any 
purple spotting on the dorsal sepal. 

From the establishment of Messrs. James Veitch and Sons, of Chelsea, 
appeared the three following :— 

C. x Calypso was derived from C. Spicerianum ? and C. Boxallii a, and 
is nearly allied to C. x Lathamianum (p. 227). 

C. x Creon is a dark and richly-coloured hybrid derived from C. X cenan- 
thum superbum ? and C. x Harrisianum superbum ff, to which a First- 
class Certificate was awarded by the Royal Horticultural: Society on 
February toth. 

C. x Corningianum was derived from C. superbiens 2 and C. philippi- 
nense J, and thus must be considered as a variety of C. x Youngianum 
(p. 295). 

Three others appeared with D. O. Drewett, Esq., of Riding Mill-on- 

yne :— 

C. x Ceres was raised from C. Spicerianum fertilised with the pollen of 
CG. hirsutissimum, and most resembles the latter, on which it is said to be 
an improvement. 

C. x Juno is a very beautiful hybrid obtained from C. callosum ? and 
C. Fairieanum 3, and bears some resemblance to C. x vexillarium (p. 297; 
fig. 15). It flowered in two years and eight months from the time the seed 
Was sown. j 

C. x Pallas was derived from C. x calophyllum ¢ and C. callosum 4, 
and is fairly intermediate in character. 

Two others were raised in the collection of A. J. Hollington, Esgq., Forty 
Hill, Enfield :-— aS 

C. x Muriel Hollington was raised from C. niveum crossed with the - 
Pollen Probably of C. insigne, though some doubt has been expressed on this 
Point. Itisa very charming little hybrid most resembling the former. 

C. x enfieldense was derived from C. Lawrenceanum ? and C. Hookere 
J, and may be compared to an improved C. x marmorophyllum (p. 40). 

Two others were raised by Messrs. Linden, L’Horticulture Interna 
tionale, Brussels :-— gen. 

C. x Engelhardtz was derived from C. insigne Maulei $ and C. Spiceri- 
num 3, and must be considered as a variety of C. x Leeanum (p. 101) with 
more yellow petals. 4 

C. x Bragaianum was raised from C. hirsutissimum coerulescens $ an 
©. Boxallii 3, and is thus the reversed cross of C. x Godseffianum (p. rag 

* X Celia was raised in the collection of W. S. Kimball, Esq., : 
Rochester, New York, it is believed from C. tonsum and C. Spicerianum. 


328 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


A hybrid from these two species, in which C. tonsum was the seed parent, 
was also raised by M. Jolibois, at Luxembourg, which was afterwards called 
€. x Madame Barbey. A third one was raised in the collection of C. 
Ingram, Esq., of Godalming. 

C. x Berenice was raised by Captain Vipan, Stibbington Hall, Wans- 
ford, between C. Roebelenii (a variety of C. philippinense) ¢ and C. Lowi, 
and was the first hybrid both of whose parents belong to the racemose 
group. It is a handsome hybrid. 

C. x Carnusianum is a hybrid from C. Haynaldianum and C. Spiceri- 
anum, which is said to have been first raised by Dr. Carnus, of Paris, and 
afterwards in the collection of J. C. Parr, Esq., of Grappenhall Heyes, 
Warrington. 2 

C. x Rowallianum was raised by Messrs. Pitcher and Manda, of 
Hexstable, Kent, between C. villosum 2 and C. venustum af, and this 
is apparently a variety of C. Williamsianum (p. 100). 

C. x Adonis appeared with Messrs. B. S. Williams and Son, of Uppet 
Holloway, and is said to have been raised from C. Spicerianum $ and C. x 
Harrisianum 7%. 

C. x amabile is a secondary hybrid, raised by M. Alfred Bleu, of Paris, 
from C. x javanico-superbiens ? and C. Hookere ¢, whose characters att 
well combined in it. 

(To be continued.) 


THE HABITAT OF CATTLEYA WARNERI. 


Very little has been recorded respecting the habitat of Cattleya Warner 
Messrs. Veitch indicate it on their map as some distance south-west of Rio 
de Janeiro, though they remark—‘ The precise habitat has not beet 
divulged.” On the other hand, I have amongst my MS. notes a record that 
it comes from Bahia. And now we have confirmatory evidence oP ths 
point. The appearance of two natural hybrids recorded elsewhere, Lei 
cattleya x Gottoiana and L. x albanense, in which Cattleya Warner! we 
one parent, is particularly interesting, because the other parents, Lelie 
tenebrosa and L. grandis, respectively, are known to be from Bahia. 
there is a yet older example. In 1882 a natural hybrid was imported by 
Messrs. Hugh Low and Co., of Clapton, which was said to have been fo 
rowing on a tree in company with Cattleya Schilleriana (another of | 
species) and C. labiata. It was described as C. x Whitei. Ins. | 
C. labiata read C. Warneri, and you have the clue to the parentage fg its 
plant. That Cattleya Warneri grows in Bahia is now certain, whatever 
exact range may be. The South Brazilian habitat, to say the wage : 
confirmation, and until this is forthcoming may be considered as ©*"" 
doubtful. R. A. Re 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 329 


: CATTLEYA LABIATA. 


Our collections are now gay with the flowers of this beautiful plant, and it 
is interesting to observe what a range of variation it presents. The lighter 
varieties seem to be the most common, but there are also many dark forms 
which are very richly coloured. Albino forms are apparently very rare. 
Probably the best yet known is the variety alba, which appeared both in the 
collection of M. G. Warocque, of Mariemont, and in that of M. Wells, Esq., 
of Broomfield, Sale, near Manchester. The flowers are pure white, with a 
lemon-coloured disc. The one called elegans, which appeared in the collec- 
tion of T. R. Watt, Esq., of The Briars, Chislehurst, is also very handsome. 
The sepals and petals are white, but the colour of the lip is nearly typical, 
and the contrast is very effective. A third, called gloriosa, has the flowers 
of a very light blush, with a purple-crimson blotch in front of the yellow 
disc. Of the coloured forms quite a series of variations could be picked out. 
Its re-introduction is the most important event of recent years. 

A correspondent raises the question whether this plant ever really 
grew near Rio, as reported, and whether Swainson’s plant did not come 
from the same region as those recently introduced. This is not a new idea, 
but the doubts expressed in the matter have no foundation in fact, as there 
are records which prove that down to the year 1836 it grew near to Rio, and 
as Swainson’s collections were made in the neighbourhood of that city, it is 
evident that the plants sent home by him some eighteen years before were 
from this district. 

It was originally sent by Swainson to the late Mr. William Cattley, of 
Barnet, in or before 1818, and flowered for the first time in Europe in 
November of that year. Mr. Cattley states :— 


_ The most splendid perhaps of all orchideous plants, which blossomed for the first 
time in the stove of my garden in Suffolk, during 1818, the plant having been sent to me 
by Mr. William Swainson during his visit to Brazil (Hook. Exot. FI. ii. t. 157). 


As it proved to belong to a new genus, it was dedicated by Lindley to 
Mr. Cattley, under the name of Cattleya labiata. In 1819 it flowered in the 
Glasgow Botanic Garden, and subsequently in other collections. Two or 
three figures were soon published, but no one seems to have stated the 
€xact spot where Swainson got it. 

Gardner, however, supplied some very exact informatio 
habitat of the plant. He first set foot in Brazil on July 23; 
Janeiro, and soon afterwards made a series of excursions in 
hood, in which he met with this handsome plant, and records as 
his Travels in the Interior of Brazil, ed. 2:— 


n respecting the 
1836, at Rio de 
the neighbour- 
follows, in 


rises the Gavea, Or Topsail 


_ Near th i i the city, 
€ sea, and about 15 miles distant from y English sailors by a abese 


Mountain, so called from its square shape, and well.known to 


330 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


of Lord Hood’s Nose. It has a flat top, andrises about 2,000 feet above the level of the sea, 
to which it presents a nearly perpendicular precipitous face. . . . On the face of the moun. 
tain, at an elevation of several hundred feet, we observed some large patches of one of those 
beautiful large-flowered orchideous plants which are so common in Brazil. _ Its large rose- 
coloured flowers were very conspicuous, but we could not reach them. A few days afterwards 
we found it on a neighbouring mountain, and ascertained it to be Cattleya labiata, - Those 
on the Gavea will long continue to vegetate, far from the reach of the greedy collector 
(pp. 21, 22). 


Now comes the other locality just mentioned :— 


We made an excursion to a mountain called the Pedra Bonita, immediately opposite 
the Gavea.... Near the summit of the Pedra Bonita there is a small fazenda, or fam, 
the proprietor of which was then clearing away the forest that covers it, converting the trees 
into charcoal. . . . On the edge of a precipice on the eastern side, we found, covered with 
its large rose-coloured flowers, the splendid Cattleya labiata, which a few days before we had 
seen on the Gavea (pp. 23-25). 


This was in November, 1836. Gardner secured a few specimens for 
drying, and a ticket in his own handwriting states :— 


It was with much difficulty and no little danger, that I could obtain about a dozen 
specimens of this, from the edge of a precipice on the Pedra Bonita Lynca, I collected, 
however, abundance of living plants (G. G., Wov., 1836). 


The clearing away of the forest mentioned by Gardner soon did its fatal 
work, and probably those on the Gavea did not “ long continue to vegetate, 
in spite of their inaccessibility, for we learn that— 

The following year, on my return from the Organ Mountains, I again visited this 7 
[the Pedra Bonita], and found that a great change had taken place. The forest, vo 
formerly covered a considerable portion of the summit, was now cut down and gen 
into charcoal ; and the small shrubs and Vellozias which grew in the exposed portio ove 
been destroyed by fire. The progress of cultivation is proceeding so rapidly for a 
around Rio, that many of the species which still exist will, in the course of a we a as 
completely annihilated, and the botanists of future years who visit the country W 
vain for the plants collected by their predecessors (p. 25). 


: ‘ lections 48 
Until 1838, at least, the plant was fairly common in such collection 
then existed, when we learn that— 


le cost 
Plants may be had from Messrs. Loddiges, Rollison, or Knight, at 4 reasonab 


(Paxt. Mag. Bot., iv. p22). 


But as soon as the plant was exterminated in the localities just a 
it gradually became rarer, though some of these very plants have ~~ 
in cultivation to this day, and are now interesting relics of 
things which has long since passed away. 84z, he 

Gardner found the plant in one other locality. On March _ eee 
was at the little hamlet of Sapucaya, on the banks of the — i Minas 
which forms the boundary of the provinces of Rio de Janeiro ant ee 
Geraes. He writes -— : 


| 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 331 
On the stems of the trees I met with many fine orchideous plants, one of the most 
abundant, and certainly the most beautiful, being the Cattleya labiata (Travels, ed. 2, 
p. 410). 
Even here the plants were not secure, for we read :— 
In riding along, I could not help feeling deep regret that in these regions many square 


leagues of such forests were being cut down or burned, in order to make room for plantations 
of coffee (p. 409). 


These records leave no doubt about the matters of which they speak. 
Many searches were made for the plant in and around the original localities, 
and so far the belief that the plant had been exterminated was well grounded. 
Its re-discovery in the province of Pernambuco is a happy event, and only 
proves that Orchids are not always so local in their distribution as commonly 
supposed. The only wonder now is that the new habitat was not discovered 
long ago. We need not now go into the controversial matters connected 
with its re-discovery, though we may add that there is no longer any doubt 
about the specific identity of the recent introductions with Lindley’s original 
plant, and the recent names must be relegated to the rank of synonyms. In 
conclusion, we may hope that in one important matter history will not repeat 
itself, for it would be a calamity if so beautiful a plant should be exter- 
minated in its native wilds. 


HYBRID ODONTOGLOSSUMS. 
(Continued from page 278.) 


4. ODONTOGLossUM X GLORIOSO-LUTEOPURPUREUM.—AS already pointed 
out, both Odontoglossum gloriosum and luteopurpureum readily hybridise 
with O. crispum, and we shall now see that they cross as freely with each 
other. This particular hybrid is fairly common in cultivation, and goes 
under qa variety of names, as the following list will show. : 

Although both the parent species grow in company with O. crispum in 
the district around Bogota, they also extend some distance further north, as 
both are found in the neighbourhood of Ocafia. The exact area over which 
the hybrid is found is therefore a little doubtful, though presumably 1t may 
occur wherever the two parent species grow together. 

This hybrid was second only to Odontoglossum x Andersonianum as 
Tegards its discovery, for it appeared with Messrs. Hugh Low. and Co., of 
Clapton, as long ago as October, 1868, and soon afterwards it was described 
by Reichenbach under the name of Odontoglossum * mulus. Its author 
Pointed out that it was intermediate between O. gloriosum and oe 
Pireum, both in size, shape, and colour, and notably in the shape of t 
‘olumn-wings and crest of the lip; the vegetative organs being most like 0. 


332 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


luteopurpureum. The flowers are blotched with a dark brown on yellow 
ground. Almost immediately afterwards it appeared successively with the 
late Mr. Day, at Tottenham, M. J. Linden, of Brussels, and Messrs. James 
Veitch and Sons, of Chelsea. 

Odontoglossum x cuspidatum was described very soon afterwards, from 
dried specimens collected by Roezl. The flowers are a little smaller than 
in O. x mulus, and approach rather nearer to O. gloriosum. The inflorescence 
is panicled, and the flowers yellow heavily blotched with chestnut-brown, 
The lip is rather narrower and more acuminate than in O. x mulus, and the 
ground colour very light yellow. It was afterwards met with by Messrs. 
Coradine and Chesterton, when collecting for Messrs. James Veitch and 
Sons, of Chelsea. Though described as a species, it is evidently a hybrid 
between the two species now under consideration. 

Odontoglossum x histrionicum appeared in 1882, with Mr. William 
Bull, of Chelsea, and was compared with a light-coloured O. x mulus, the 
ground colour being sulphur-yellow. It is evidently derived from the same 
parentage. 

Odontoglossum x tentaculatum appeared in the collection of Baron 
Schréder, of The Dell, Egham. Reichenbach described it as intermediate 
between O. x ligulare and O. x rubens, and remarked that it would be 0. 
x Kalbreyeri, but for its tentacular bristles and column-wings. It is, how- 
ever, clearly descended from O. luteopurpureum and O. gloriosum, and thus 
a variety of the present hybrid. 

Certain varieties of the preceding types have also been described. For 
example, Odontoglossam x mulus Holfordianum is a large flowered form, 
with fewer blotches on the sepals and petals, which appeared in the colle: 
tion of R. S. Holford, Esq., of Weston Birt, Tetbury, Gloucestershire 
Bockett’s variety is a handsome form, with the blotches on the pe 
harrower than usual, which appeared in the collection of John S- Bockett, 
Esq., of The Firs, Muswell Hill. O. x cuspidatum xanthoglossum apes"! 
with Mr. B. S. Williams, of Upper Holloway, and chiefly differs in ve 
a yellow lip.t ©. x histrionicum bellum appeared with Messrs. Heath é 
Sons, of Cheltenham, in 1883, and is said to have all the tints of a lighter 
shade, especially the yellow ground. f 

This hybrid is evidently both common and variable, though the th 
colour is not so great as in the preceding ones. The inflorescence is gener : 
branched, as in both parents. The ground colour is generally deep yel . a 
as in QO. luteopurpureum, though sometimes as light as in O. gloss? 


; ; ag) ig at 
—- Pagar cuspidatum platyglossum, Rchb. f. (Gard. Chron, 1888, ei pore 
yori¢ at all, but a variety of the polymorphic O. luteopurpureum. It was 
Mr. G. Kalbreyer, oS ae er Odont , 


and is said to grow in an isolated spot, where no oth 
occurs. 


It has no right to the name cuspidatum. 


| 
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| 
| 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 333 


The spots also are generally most like those of the first named. In shape, 
the range of variation is greater, as would be expected from the diversity 
between the two parents in this respect. Some formsare quite intermediate, 
others approach O. luteopurpureum in the breadth of the sepals, petals, and 
lip, as in O. X mulus, while the forms with narrower segments, ranked 
under O. X cuspidatum, more nearly approach O. gloriosum. In the crest 
of the lip and wings of the column, so different in the two parents, the same 
variation is seen. 

The following is a list of the forms of this hybrid, with references to 
descriptions and figures : '— 


Odontoglossum X mulus, Rchd. f. Xen. Orch., ii. p. 151, t. 160, fig. 1,2; Jd. in Gard. 
Chron., 1873, p. 432; Id., 1883, i. p. 469, fig. 70; Id., 1886, i. pp. 12, 13, fig. 4; Warn. Sel. 
Orch,, ser. 3, t. 28. O. luteopurpureum var. mulus, Vettch Man. Orch., i. p. 46, with fig. 

Bockett’s variety, Pollett Cat. Fernside Coll., i. p. 4, n. 20, t. 8, fig. 245; Za. ii. p. 8, n. 
120, t. 7, fig. 102. 

Var. Holfordianum, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron., 1882, ii. p. 616 ; Orchid Album, ix. t. 429.7 

0. X cuspidatum, Rchd. £, Xen. Orch., ii. p. 199, t. 184, fig. 1; Zd. in Linnea, xii. p. 27 ; 
Lindenia, iii. p. 9, t.99. O. luteopurpureum var. cuspidatum, Veitch Man. Orch., i. p. 45. 

Var. xanthoglossum, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron., 1881, i. p. 428; Orchid Album, ix. t. 390. 

O. X histrionicum, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron., 1882, i. p. 178. Var. bellum, Rehb. f. in 
Gard. Chron., 1883, ii. p. 437. 

O. X tentaculatum, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron., 1883, i. p. 814; Veitch Man. Orch., i. p.77 + 
Pollett Cat. Fernside Coll., ii. p. 7, n. 111, t. 7, fig. 124. 


OpontocLossum x LINDLEYANO-LUTEOPURPUREUM.—Near the preced- 
ing, and less easily distinguished from it than might at first be imagined, is 
the hybrid between O. luteopurpureum and O. Lindleyanum, which hitherto 
does not appear to have been clearly defined, though more than one form is 
Mcultivation which has evidently been derived from this particular cross. 
That the two species grow together we have already seen, and not only 
S this the case in the district around Bogota, but probably much farther 
horth, as O. Lindleyanum, like O. luteopurpureum, occurs in various localities 
°n the eastern Cordillera between Bogota and Oca‘ia, in some of which the 
two grow in company, and the facilities for intercrossing are therefore 
Present, 

There are two forms described by Reichenbach which I believe properly 
belong here, namely O. x acutissimum and O. x lepidum, though their 
&xact Parentage has been a matter of some doubt. 

Odontoglossum x acutissimum appeared in 1852, 

- Wallace, of Lion Walk, Colchester, in an importation of O. crispum. 


in the collection of 


; issi ; vinced 
€ omission of Odontoglossum X hinnus, Rchb. f. may be noticed, but I am convin 


es quite a different parentage, as will hereafter be seen 
quite € plant figured in the Orchidophile, 1885, P. 132, fig. 4, 
“ifferent, and appears to be a variety of O. X Coradinel. 


under this name is evidently 


334 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


Reichenbach remarked, ‘‘ If I were to guess, I might conjecture its descent 
from O. Lindleyanum and O. cristatum.”” The flowers are nearly orange, 
with a few large crimson bars, the crest of the lip with two plate-like keels 
and six to seven teeth on either side, and the wings of the column falcate- 
subulate and denticulate. The only combination capable of fulfilling all 
these conditions is the one we are now considering. O. cristatum grows far 
away in Ecuador, and is quite out of the question, while O. luteopurpureum 
would just as readily account for the characters of the hybrid. 

Odontoglossum x lepidum is the other hybrid apparently derived from 
this parentage. It was imported from New Granada by Messrs. Shuttleworth 
and Carder, Park Road, Clapham, and flowered in their establishment in 
1883. Reichenbach observed that “the column is much in the way of that 
of O. Lindleyanum: it is long, slender, with narrow wings,” which was 
evidently one parent. ‘The flowers are nearly equal to those of 0. 
cirrhosum.” Lip hastate, with a long unguis and reniform apiculate blade. 
Callus, terminating in two recurved plates of nearly triangular shape with 
a tooth on each side. Flowers yellow at first, ultimately white with yellow 
edging; sepals with two or three cinnamon blotches, petals with but one; 
a similar spot stands on the lip before the keels, and the base shows some 
brown marbling. 

I have not seen an authentic flower of either of these forms, but hybrids 
with this parentage have appeared in the collections of E. G. Wrigley, Esq. 
Howick House, Preston; W. Thomson, Esq., Walton, Stone, Staffordshire; 
and H. Grose Smith, Esq., The Priory, Ryde, Isle of Wight. 

It may be distinguished from the preceding hybrid by its longer column 
with less toothed wings, the longer unguis of the lip, and an approach to 
the characters of O. Lindleyanum generally. In short, it almost combines 
the colours of O. x mulus with the shape of O. Xx Coradinei, except that 
in the shape of the lip it approaches O. luteopurpureum, as would naturally 
be expected. 

The following are the forms of this hybrid, with references to 
tions. It has apparently not yet been figured :— 


descrip- 


Odontoglossum x acutissimum, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron., 1882, i. p. 256 
O. X lepidum, Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron., 1883, ii. p. 526. RA R 


(To be continued.) 


ODONTOGLOSSUM UROSKINNERI SEEDLINGS: 

In the Orchid Album, vol. ix., t. 417, occurs a note that i 
ve: J. Buchan, Esq., Wilton House, Southampton, “ We saw f ae 
seedling Odontoglossums which had been raised in this country: it 
been obtained from Odontoglossum Uroskinneri without any eb 


n the collectio® 


eee 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 335 


hybridisation, and were growing and doing well.” One of these seedlings 
has now flowered in the collection of Major-General E. S, Berkeley, 
Spetchley, Bitterne Park, Southampton, and received an Award of Merit 
from the Royal Horticultural Society on October roth last, under the name 
of O. Uroskinneri album. It differs from the type in having a pure white 
lip, and the sepals and petals yellowish green, obscurely marbled with a 
slightly darker tint, and thus the colour is almost that of O. bictoniense, 
though the shape is that of O. Uroskinneri, which is rather curious, and 
suggests the possibility of a hybrid between the two. Mr. T. Osborne, who 
was Mr. Buchan’s gardener at that time, and raised the seedlings, says that 
he does not recollect crossing the O. Uroskinneri, but may have done so. 
He remembers, however, that the seed?pod fell on the moss under the plant, 
and he afterwards found the seedlings. The evidence is unfortunately not 
conclusive either way. If it is simply an albino of the species, other seedlings 
may prove normal in character, and we hope to hear of them as they flower. 
We believe an albino has not appeared before. 


NOTES ON ORCHIDS IN THE JUNGLE. 
By MAJor-GENERAL E, S. BERKELEY. 


(Continued from page 243.) 


AN Orchid which flourishes well in the Phalznopsis house is Sarcochilus 
Berkeleyi, originally named by Professor Reichenbach Thrixspermum 
Berkeleyi, and described in the Gardeners’ Chronicle for April 29, 1882. This 
is by far the best of all the Sarcochili, and is extremely distinct from any 
known kind. There is a very good figure of it in Walliams’ Orchid Album, t. 
436. It has long drooping spikes of cream-white flowers with two small 
Violet-blue spots at the base of the lip. 

I first found this species in 1880, in the Island of Camorta. The plant 
hasa drooping habit, and I invariably found it growing at the extreme end of 
the branches of large trees. Its long sprays of flowers, hanging down from 
the branches, had a charming effect at a distance, the trees on which it 
stew looked as if they were in flower, as the white stood out so distinctly 
from the green foliage. os 

This plant has practically no resting season in its native jungle, as the 

and of Camorta lies about 8° north of the Equator, in the belt of per- 
Petual rains. It grows well in this country, if not checked or exposed to 
‘old draughts. It should be grown in a hanging basket or pan, and placed 
ms . Position in the stove where no direct draught can catch it in the siege 
Itis very free flowering, and in its native home is in bloom more or less al 
the year round, 


: ft 
In the island of Camorta there is very little in the way of Orchids 


336 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


found a Dendrobium there, closely allied to D. crumenatum, and a new 
Aérides, subsequently described by Professor Reichenbach as Aérides 
lepidum, in the Gardeners’ Chronicle of April 14, 1883. This Aérides, though 
very distinct, is near to Aérides Emericii, but not so good. 

Aérides Emericii was first described in the Gardeners’ Chronicle, in 1882, 
and subsequently figured in the Botanical Magazine, t. 6728; which plate, 
however, does not do it justice, as I have seen the plant growing in the 
jungle with sprays over two feet in length. This plant is found on almost 
every island in the Andamans, not being confined to the three larger islands, 
and much to my surprise I found it at the Great Coco, an island about fifty 
miles distant from the North Andaman. , 

In the Great Coco I also found the very rare variety of Rhynchostylis 
called by Professor Reichenbach, Saccolabium Berkeleyi. This plant is un- 
doubtedly distinct from its near allies, but after flowering it for several years 
in succession I have come to the conclusion that it is only an island form of 
Rhynchostylis retusa, and I do not consider the botanical difference sufli- 
cient to entitle the plant to a special name. There is, however, in this same 
group of islands (but not present in the Coco islands), and invariably found 
in all the islands small and large of the Andaman group, a lovely and quite 
distinct variety of Rhynchostylis, like the Burma variety Blumei but more 
elegant, which has one great thing to recommenzd it, as it is the earliest flower 
ing of its section, blooming quite three months before the mainland forms. 

There is no doubt that plants found in islands separated by long 
distances from the mainland have a tendency to considerable variation from 
their near allies, but this rule does not always hold good; in this case the 
two varieties of Rhynchostylis, one found at the great Coco, and the other 
throughout the Andamans, are quite distinct, and yet in the case of Aérides 
Emericii you have the same plant common to both groups of islands. | 

Another early flowering Saccolabium is also found in most of the 
Andaman islands, but more frequently on the small islands, and this plant 
is a variety of Saccolabium curvifolium, so common in Burma. The 
Andaman variety is, however, far superior in strength and habit, and the 
spikes are longer and quite different in colour; this being orange-scarlet 
like the variety of S. miniatum found in Java, and not the brick-red of the 
Burman form. j 

The whole of the plants from these islands are essentially tropical, 40 
all of them grow well in a stove temperature, but they do not like ae 
from evaporating troughs, the natural evaporation from damping i 
sufficient, and in the autumn I find that they gain something they pe 
from the evaporation of damp fallen oak leaves, which I always put 
the stages as soon as I can collect them. ; 


(To be continued.) 


| 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


RODRIGUEZIA PUBESCENS. 


TE subject of our illustration is a very beautiful plant, which was originally 
described in 1851 as Burlingtonia pubescens by Dr. Lindley, who remarked, 
“This beautiful novelty was exhibited at a meeting of the Horticultural 
Society in November last, when it received a Silver Medal. It formed a 
wide tuft of dark green rigid leaves, pouring forth from their bosom a pro- 
fusion of bunches of snow-white blossoms. It had been sent to John 
Knowles, Esq., of Manchester, by some friends at Pernambuco.” This was 
not its original appearance, as a plant flowered with Messrs. Loddiges in 


Fig. 17. RODRIGUEZIA PUBESCENS. 


November, 1846. For a long period it remained scarce; but among the 
‘ecent importations from Pernambuco it has appeared in quantity, ane 3 
"ow Tepresented in numerous collections. It has also been 2 ey 
‘ndera new name. It is now so well known, that further r 
“nnecessary, though we may point out that it is readily i say im 
ne or two allies by its pubescent column. Our illustration, whic is fro : 
? hotograph taken by R. Brooman White, Esq., of — "ie aA 
*xcellent idea of its grace and beauty. The flowers are ee re tag 
Ya bright yellow crest on the lip. We have also received another beau 
22 


338 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


photograph of it from C. Winn, Esq., The Uplands, Selly Hill, Birmingham. 
We have observed a curious character in the fruit. Some capsules on an 
imported plant were fleshy, and pure white in colour, like a snowberry—if 
normal, a most remarkable feature. It succeeds admirably when grown in 
baskets, in a mixture of potsherds and sphagnum, in the warm house. It 
requires abundance of water when growing, and should never be allowed to 
become dry at the root. 

Rodriguezia pubescens, Rchb. f. in Bot. Zeit., x. p. 771; Rechb. f. in Walp, Ann, vi. 
p. 694 ; Lindenia, vii. p. 39, t. 306. 

Burlingtonia pubescens, Lindl. in Paxt. Fl. Gard, I., p. 158. 

Rodriguezia Lindeni, Cogn. in Journ. d. Orch.. 111., pp. 10, 12, fig. 1; Gard. Chron, 
1892, i. pp. 426, 427, fig. 60. 


LALIO-CATTLEYA x GOTTOIANA. 


On June 23, 1891, a very beautiful Orchid was exhibited at a meeting of 
the Royal Horticultural Society, by E. Gotto, Esq., of The Logs, Hamp- 
stead Heath, under the name of Lelia Gottoiana, and was awarded a First 
class Certificate. It had been imported from Bahia, as Lelia tenebrosa. 
Soon afterwards a similar plant appeared with Messrs, James Backhouse 
and Sons, of York. And now one has flowered in the collection of R. # 
Measures, Esq., The Woodlands, Streatham, which is believed to have come 
in an importation of Cattleya Warneri. The pollen masses are those of 
a Lelio-cattleya, and it is certainly a natural hybrid, of which Cattleya 
Warneri was evidently one parent and Lzlia tenebrosa the other. Both the 
species have monophyllous pseudobulbs and an entire lip, in which respects 
the hybrid naturally agrees. The flower is about the size of Cattleya 
Warneri, but the petals are narrower and more acute, and their colour, 4S 
well as that of the lip, a nearly uniform bright rose-purple. The disc of the 
lip is rather darker in colour, but the yellow blotches on either side of the 
throat of the Cattleya parent are quite obliterated. It is a very pee oh 
plant. For a long time this plant was a profound puzzle to me. Its - 
origin was undoubted, but assuming the record that it was imported wi 
Lelia tenebrosa to be correct, I could not account for its Cattleya parentas® 
This being indisputable, I suspected some mistake, and fancied ia 
Boothiana (lobata) and Cattleya Warneri might produce such @ eet 
the acute petals of L. x Gottoiana were inexplicable on this theory: 
it is now evident that Cattleya Warneri also grows in Bahia, as will ae 
on another page. It is very curious how many natural hybrids keep tu i 
ue but it affords evidence of the way in which the pollen is carried -— 
insects, who evidently do not confine their visits to one particular ee 

R. A. * 


oe 


| 
| 


LHE ORCHID REVIEW. 339 


LALIO-CATTLEYA x ALBANENSE. 


This is another beautiful and extremely interesting plant, recently intro- 
duced from Bahia by Messrs. F. Sander and Co., of St. Albans, which has 
now flowered in their establishment. Here again one parent was evidently 
Cattleya Warneri, but the second was as clearly the true Lelia grandis— 
the plant with much smaller flowers, very undulate nankeen yellow sepals and 
petals, and a white lip regularly veined with rosy purple. Compared with 
Lelio-cattleya x Gottoiana the present hybrid has much smaller flowers, 
while the sepals, petals, and lip are much more undulate, so much so that 
before knowing the country it came from I thought of Lelia crispa. The 
sepals are linear-lanceolate, two and three-quarter inches long and three 
quarters of an inch wide, with revolute margins; the petals rhomboid, very 
undulate, and one and a half inches broad, and the lip two and a quarter 
inches long and crispo-undulate. The sepals and petals are light rosy mauve, 
the front lobe of the lip rosy crimson, and the disc purple-crimson, with some 
similar radiating veins extending towards the margin, which is rosy lilac. 
The whole plant is stamped with the characters of the two parent species. 
As in the case of Cattleya x Hardyana, the influence of the purple-flowered 


parent preponderates in the colour of the hybrid. 
R. A. R. 


THE HYBRIDIST. 


CATTLEYA X CHLORIS. 


Tus is a very handsome hybrid, raised by Mr. Seden in the establishment 
of Messrs. James Veitch and Sons, of Chelsea, from C. Bowringiana and 
C.maxima g. It received a First-class Certificate from the Royal Horti- 
cultural Society on October roth last. The flowers are five inches across, 
and the petals one and a half inches broad. The sepals and petals are 
bright rose-purple, and the lip deep purple-crimson with a lighter throat. 
In its free growth and numerous flowers it shows the character of the mother 
Plant, also in its brilliantly coloured flowers, while the enhanced size and 
modified shape are derived from the pollen parent. It is a very charming 
hybrid. 


DisA X PREMIER. 


Another hybrid Disa has appeared, and a very pretty one too. It was 


" al Horti- 

raised at Kew, and received a First-class Certificate from the pe : 2 ea 

cultural Society on October roth last. The flowers are = coat and 
%e of D. racemosa and of a rich rosy crimson. It is a strong 


340 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


vigorous grower, and altogether a very promising plant. The parents are 
said to have been D. tripetaloides 2 and D. x Veitchii 7, though without this 
record one would have thought first of D. racemosa, both from the colour 
and structure. It is curious to note that one of the parents is itself a hybrid, 
which flowered for the first time in June, 189r. 


THE NOMENCLATURE OF HYBRIDS. 


Our attention has again been called to this rather difficult subject, and to 
the divergent methods at present followed by different people. Some there 
are who follow the florist’s method, pure and simple, and give a distinct 
name to every different form, even if derived from the same seed-pod; as 
Cypripedium x pycnopterum and C. x porphyrospilum, both derived from 
the same capsule. Others consider all hybrids obtained from the same two 
species as forms of one, distinguishing any divergent forms by varietal names 
only, as Cypripedium x Harrisianum and C. x Harrisianum superbum. A 
reversed cross frequently receives a distinctive name. Thus we have Lzlio- 
cattleya x Hippolyta and L. x Phcebe, both derived from Cattleya 
Mossiz and Lelia cinnabarina. Cypripedium Lathamianum inversum is 
also an attempt to indicate a hybrid with reversed parentage which has 
little else to distinguish it. Again, the botanical rule of distinguishing 4 
hybrid by the joint names of its parents has sometimes been followed, as 
in Cypripedium x javanico-superbiens and C. x venusto-Spicerianum ; also 
C. x barbato-villosum and C. x Fairieano-insigne, two alternative names 
proposed by Reichenbach for C. x Harrisianum and C. x Arthurianum, 
respectively. A lack of brevity is perhaps the chief thing which can be urged 
against this method, and a modification of the system has recently resulted 
in such names as, Cypripedium x Lawrebel, C. x ceno-superbiens, C. x 
conco-Lawre, C. x Lawre-conco, C. x Harrisi-froye, and Masdevallia 
x Shuttryana, one or two of which leave a lurking suspicion in the mind 
that brevity may sometimes be too dearly purchased. 

In the latter connection the question has arisen whether the name of the 
male or female parent should be placed first, and in this matter an unfortunate 
diversity of practice exists. Thus Cypripedium x barbato-villosum — 
C. villosum crossed with the pollen of C. barbatum, or, to put eae 7 
abbreviated form, C. villosum x barbatum. And C. x Fairieano-insig?® 
means C. insigne x Fairieanum. C. x venusto-Spicerianum, howevets ee 
not mean C. Spicerianum x venustum, but just the reverse. And the same 
may be said of most of the compound names recently given. This cee: 
of practice is unfortunate, and, as a correspondent remarks, ‘¢ renders } 
difficult to keep an accurate record.” 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 
341 


The b t; Fs 
. .., 6h as adopted by the Paris Botanical Congress in 1867 
ee, plicit, and may here be reproduced, as set forth in Articl 
aws of Botanical Nomenclature : ’— a 


Hybrids whose origi 

: rigin has been experi 

generic name, t oe perimentally demonstrated are desi 

from which ae ges added a combination of the specific names of sake ‘i 4 Ae 

Bs Gxt with the ota the name of the species that has supplied the pollen tee: : 

next, with a hyphen bet a or 9, and that of the species that has supplied the ovulum aati 

ene ferti ween (Amaryllis vittato-regine, for the A lli : . 
as : ettilised by 4. vittata) > maryllis proceeding from 

_ flybrids of d ee ; P 

ce ee aE ie dis 
; : an : : ; 2 

name (X Salix capreolata, ee er, and by the sign x being prefixed to the generic 


This 
custom. The Regi Hg rule, but only a confirmation, as it were, of an old 
which may be explai aie has apparently arisen through a misconception 
the custom is to a. Seen expressing the parentage of any hybrid 
X,and lastly the n e the name of the seed parent first, followed by the sign 
X Spicerianum.” nae oars pollen parent, Thus—“ Cypripedium venustum 
venustum a se is only an abbreviation of the phrase ‘Cypripedium 
ii, Or, more corr i: the polien of C. Spicerianum.” But in Latinising 
from the tlie ee = speaking, in forming a compound name for the hybrid 
of the ey sa: es of its parents, the order must be reversed, and the name 
venustum,” ae ane placed first. Thus—* Cypripedium xX Spiceriano- 
ee. Fansition of the abbreviated English phrase ‘“ C. venustum 
is easy, if the rul ein the Latinised name “C, x venusto-Spicerianum ” 
OF Nbiien ; e ignored, though it is not correct. 
RP aGacnaca - ature Committee of the Royal Horticultural Soci 
? 4 a alia, {hate 


ety 


Hybrids b : 
s between species raised artificially should be named in Latin, with the addition 


of the wo 
r : 
Be. "ts gana ee or the sign of hybridity, X- 
ween varieties raised artificially should receive suitable vernacular names. 


There j 
€ is also a general recommendation that— 


anguage and usage, and to 


Nam < 
es sh F : 
ould be written so as to accord with botanical 1 
tional Botanical 


Conform wi 

th the ] : 
gress at Paris sx ape nomenclature as adopted at the Interna 
ould appear to be left open, but 
rdance with the botanical rule. 
ded for, unless indeed they 
ses one parent is a 


it ae question of compound names W 
ae at if given they should be in acco 
come ag hybrids are apparently not provi 
Species th Hybrids between varieties.” In many ca 
The ep in some both are of hybrid origin. 
followin = e subject apparently needs revision an 
| se ror rules seem to us all that are necessary -“~ 
is desirable that plants of hybrid origin should be distinguished 


d simplification, and the 


342 IHE ORCHID REVIEW. 


from natural species on the one hand, and from simple varieties on the other, 
to which end the sign of hybridity, x, should always be placed between the 
generic and specific names. 

2. Hybrids between species should receive a Latin specific name, one 
formed by combining the names of the two parent species being used by 
preference. Hybrids raised from the same two species, whether of inverted 
parentage or otherwise, should be considered as forms of one, and if necessary 
may be distinguished by the addition of a varietal name. 

3. Hybrids between genera should receive a generic name, formed by 
combining the names of the parent genera, reasonable abbreviation being 
permissible in certain cases. 

4. Secondary hybrids, 7.c., those in which one or both parents are them- 
selves of hybrid origin, should receive suitable vernacular or informal names, 
like florists’ flowers. 

_ A few explanatory remarks appear necessary on some of the points 
Taised :— 

ce Fhe sign of hybridity is of primary importance, and should never be 
omitted. The word hybridus,—a,—um, is objectionable for two reasons. It 
necessitates the use of three words instead of two, while a variety can only 
be distinguished by the addition of a fourth (e.g., Cypripedium hybridum 
Youngianum superbum, instead of C. x Youngianum superbum) ; besides 
which it is liable to be mistaken for a specific name. 

2. This rule is purposely drawn so that a simple or compound name may 
be used. The latter, though it expresses a great deal, is frequently too long 
for ordinary use, especially when a varietal name is added. A Latin word 
Should also be chosen, or at least one to which a varietal name can 
conveniently be attached, if necessary. Such a name, for example, is 
Cypripedium x Alice Should only be used for a secondary hybrid, or i 
florist’s sense, as a varietal name could not well be added. No distinction 
Should be made between natural and artificial hybrids, as a few take rank 
under both heads. And the attempt to distinguish those with reversed 
Parentage is impracticable, as the difference is also inappreciable, and 
Sometimes absolutely mil, as in Selenipedium x Sedeni, for instance. It is 
equally clear that in forming a compound name there is no need that either 
seed or pollen Parent shall uniformly have priority of place. In the case of 
natural hybrids it is impracticable, as well as in some artificial ones. And if 
insisted on it would often lead to two names for the same thing, as in the 
Selenipedium just mentioned. It is sufficient to know that Cypripedium 
* venusto-Spicerianum is derived from the two species whose name it bears. 
Hybridists should, however, carefully note the seed and pollen parents 2 
their hybrids, for which the sign and 7, respectively, will be found very 


convenient. Any important variation should be distinguished by the addition 
of a varietal name, 


i THE ORCHID REVIEW. 343 


3. This rule now seems to be almost pretty generally accepted. 

4. The practice of treating secondary hybrids and those of doubtful 
parentage as florists’ flowers, and of giving them vernacular names, has 
frequently been recommended, for reasons which are pretty well understood, 
and need not be repeated here. 

We can only hope that some of these suggestions may be adopted, as we 
believe it would tend to lift the subject out of some of the confusion in which 
it has become involved. 


CATTLEYA x PATROCINII. 


In a Brazilian newspaper, the Citade de Rio, for May 28, 1890, an 
account was published by Visconde de Saint Leger of a Brazilian Cattleya, 
under the name of Cattleya x Patrocinii, which was stated to be a natural 
hybrid between Cattleya Loddigesii and C. guttata leopardina, and judging 
by the description given, which is in Portuguese, the parentage has been 
correctly recorded. In August of the same year a Cattleya, which had been 
imported from Rio de Janeiro two or three years previously, flowered for the 
first time, in the collection of Herr Rucker-Jenisch, of Flottbeck, Hamburg, 
under the care of the late Franz Kramer, who at once thought it must be a 
natural hybrid, with some such parentage as the above. It has also appeared 
with M. A. A. Peeters, of St. Gilles, Brussels, who received it from Brazil 
four years ago. It has flowered on three occasions, always in September 
and October, and this year it carries a raceme of seven flowers. M. Peeters 
States that the plant closely resembles C. Loddigesii in habit. The flowers 
Show an unmistakable combination of the characters of the two parents. 
The sepals and petals are subequal, bright rose-purple, with many darker 
‘pots. The lip is three-lobed, nearly intermediate in shape, the side tec 
acute, and yellowish white with a slight suffusion of rose, and the front lo : 
— Tose-purple. The column is pale lilac, its face yellow at the od an 
light rose-purple above. Thus the flower is most like C. guttata in ae 
With the size and colour approaching C. Loddigesii, both, however, being 


: isti iful. 
SOmewhat modified, as hybrids always are. It is very distinct and me u 
R. A. & 


CALENDAR OF OPERATIONS FOR NOVEMBER. 
By W. H. WHITE, Burford, Dorking. 
riod at which the winter 


Tae idered as the pe 
Present month may be conside ly necessary to lower the 


eatment of Orchids commences, and it is not on 


344 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


temperatures in the various compartments, but also to withhold atmospheric 
moisture to such an extent that the hygrometer shows a few degrees of 
evaporation. We find this instrument very useful, especially through the 
winter and during severe frosts, without which it is impossible to ascertain 
the exact state of the atmosphere so far as moisture is concerned. On 
referring to my note-book on observations taken last winter, I find that 
generally the first damping down in the morning brought the hygrometer to 
almost saturation point, but gradually diminished towards midday, when it 
showed 4° or 5° of evaporation. The afternoon’s damping brought it to 
nearly saturation again, and by ten p.m. it showed 3°. During the night, 
when a large amount of fire-heat was necessary, it varied considerably, 
fluctuating between 2° and 5° of evaporation. These remarks refer to the 
warmer divisions only. The cool houses were nearly always within 3° of 
Saturation. Owing to the diminishing heat and assistance obtainable from 
the sun, we shall, from now and for the next few months to come, be 
obliged to look to the heating apparatus to keep up the requisite tempera- 
tures in our Orchid houses, both by day and night. The winter tempera- 
tures and general directions given in the Calendar for January should be 
closely followed. 

It is a true saying that the Orchid grower has innumerable enemies 
to contend with, beth by day and night, and he must constantly be at war 
against them. One of the most destructive pests imaginable is the voracious 
cockroach, which eats off the tender points of the young roots, attacks the 
flower stems, often destroying the season’s inflorescence in one single night. 
In consequence of the increasing need of artificial heat, these trouble- 
Some insects become exceedingly numerous, and as they multiply so plenti- 
fully they must, at any cost or extra labour, be kept in check, or a great 
deal of irreparable damage will soon be done. Before finishing up at night 
these insects should be diligently sought after with the aid of a good lantern, 
and every one that can be got at destroyed. Also bait them with beetle 
poison, of which there are several excellent kinds, though it is not advisable 
to lay it down every night, as they get so used to seeing it about that in 4 
Short time none of them will touch it. Two or three doses in a fortnight 
will be sufficient, occasionally substituting one kind of poison for another, 
which is very enticing to them. This change of food is oftentimes the 
means of destroying a great many. Cockroaches are particularly fond of 
the roots of Aérides, Saccolabiums, and Phalznopses, also the young leaves 
of Dendrobium Bensoniz, for which reason these plants should be looked 
over with more than usual vigilance. 

A few seasons back it was considered a rare treat to see the true old 
Cattleya labiata in bloom, but thanks to our energetic and persevering 
Orchid collectors, it has now become plentiful, so much so that we s¢€ 
it represented in almost every collection, whereas formerly only a few plants 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 345 


oie me pepattys at the present time this beautiful Cattleya forms 
principal attractions in the Orchid houses, and if the atmosphere 
be-kept a trifle drier than usual, the blooms will remain perfectly aie for 
aperiod of four to five weeks, which is of the greatest importance to those 
~ have to supply choice flowers for cutting purposes. As soon as the 
- done blooming, those that require potting should immediately 
“ a because in a very short time a quantity of young roots will 
a .... the base of the flowering bulbs, and if the operation be 
" i ; aeBe have made any considerable progress, they are likely to 
. uring the operation. After potting, insert two or three neat 
.... e pots, and tie the plants firmly to them, otherwise the young 
ligand =. to get damaged. Give only just sufficient water to keep the 
eaves plump and fresh until new growth commences, when the 
muantity Pay be gradually increased. 
.. apecially desirable Orchid which blooms at this dull season is 
Sort pes Although its individual flowers are smaller than the 
. ae Spier yet a plant with several spikes, each producing 
a. ee een richly coloured blooms, is a most attractive sight. This 
Bia usually proved to be of easy culture, no other treatment being 
a an that given to Cattleyas generally. 
a a a have plants of the beautiful an 
., pay special attention to them at t 
je. ae y late in starting into growth, and the bulbs are only half formed 
et ull days commence. As the sun-heat is now considerably less, 
Sista ee take longer to mature, and therefore every encouragement 
eu: aren them to complete their early formation. Much depends 
ait a . if they are not sufficiently ripened before winter proper sets in, 
ae ald be akly, immatured bulbs is often the result. Large specimen plants 
greatly benefited by being placed at the warmest part of the house, 
g them nearer to the light. 


§ 

maller plants should be hung up close to the roof glass, where, if properly 
soon become thoroughly ripened. 
provided 


d distinct Cattleya Lawren- 
his time of the year, as they 


a very open nature, through 
be taken that no water, 
growths, or 
e total loss 


ce ‘tally after flowering, or it will start into new growth instead of having 
long rest, 


346 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


The Pleiones, or Indian Crocuses as they are sometimes called, 
commence to produce their lovely little flowers about this period, and 
if care be taken that no water is allowed to settle on them, they will 
last long in perfection ; but if not kept free from moisture the blooms quickly 
damp off. Within’ a fortnight after they have done flowering, numerous 
young roots will be found to have started away from the base of the new 
growths, and it is at this particular time that the plants should be turned out 
of their pots, the greater part of the old soil removed from the roots, and 
be repotted in a compost consisting of equal proportions of peat, loam, and 
sphagnum moss, with a sprinkling of coarse silver sand, mixing the whole 
well together. It is quite immaterial whether shallow pans or pots be used, 
but to those who prefer to grow their plants hanging up close to the roof, 
pans are the most convenient. In either case, whether pans or pots be 
selected, they should be well drained, for being fond of large quantities of 
water when the plants are in full growth, it is necessary that the water 
should pass freely away. 
"Instead of dividing the pseudobulbs and bedding them out as generally 
recommended, the best plan I have found is to keep them in clumps, about 
a dozen bulbs in a six-inch pot, the bulbs almost touching each other. By 
thus keeping them in clumps, the check seems to be much less, as often 
when the plants are in bloom they commence to emit young roots, and when 
the bulbs are separated these tender roots get so bruised and injured that 
they do not start away so readily again. After repotting they should be 
placed on a shelf or on inverted flower-pots, so as to expose them to the full 
sunshine, at ‘the coolest and most airy part of the Cattleya or intermediate 
house. Water sparingly until the young growths are well advanced ; but 
when the plants are thoroughly established they will take an almost 
unlimited supply, and an occasional dose of weak liquid manure water 
will be beneficial to them. On warm sunny days in spring and through the 
summer months these plants will be greatly benefited by well syringing UP 
under the leaves two or three times a day, as by this means red-spider may 
easily be kept down, to the attacks of which Pleiones are liable. When the 
bulbs are made up, and the foliage commences to turn yellow, remove the 
plants from their growing quarters and hang them up in a vinery from 
which the grapes have been gathered, selecting a position where they will 
receive plenty of sunshine and an abundance of fresh air. The plants now 
being in a much drier atmosphere will require plenty of water at the root, 
to prevent the bulbs from shrivelling. Dryness at the root for any ail 
length of time is a serious evil. Immediately the flower-buds are distinctly 
visible the plants may be taken to a warmer house, where the increased 
temperature will aid the proper development of the flowers. Pleiones, when 
treated in accordance with their requirements, are very easy tO cultivate, 42 
producing, as they do, such beautiful little flowers at this time of the yeaty 


THE ORCHID REFIEW. 347 


’ we very effective, and room should be found for them, even in the smallest 
Orchid collection. 

Pleione flowers may easily be gathered, as by giving them a gentle pull 
they readily part from the young growths, the stem being much longer than 
when cut. The above treatment will be found suitable for such varieties as 
P. precox, and its variety Wallichiana, P. Reichenbachiana, P. lagenaria, 
and P. maculata, the last named being, without doubt, the prettiest of the 
genus, its pure white sepals and petals contrasting beautifully with its 
yellow and magenta-coloured lip. Other varieties, such as P. humilis, P. 
Hookeriana, and its variety brachyglossa, which come from higher eleva- 
| tions, do best when suspénded close to an open ventilator in the Odonto- 
glossum house. 

Odontoglossum Reichenheimii and citrosmum will by this time have 
/ completed their growth. The first-named plant should receive a sufficient 
quantity of water only to keep the roots and bulbs plump, but the latter 
requires a long and decided rest. Their satisfactory flowering depends very 
largely upon the treatment they receive during the resting season. Now 
that the growth of O. citrosmum is completed, gradually diminish the water 
) Supply, so that by the middle of December it may be discontinued altogether. 
Owing to the absence of moisture at the root, the bulbs will shrivel sel 
‘iderably, but this does not affect the welfare of the plants in the least; in 
” fact, ours seem to benefit by it, as when the flowering period arrives, the 
Plants are deluged with water, and the bulbs readily plump again to their 
_ tommal condition, and scarcely a young growth, even from the smallest 
plants, ever fails to send forth its welcome flower spike. ee 
There is not a more charming little plant under cultivation than 
Sophronites grandiflora, and it will soon be unfolding its glowing scarlet 
wers. This plant being now so easy to obtain should be represented in 
ny collection by several specimens, which, when the flowers ee 
hrighten up the house in a way that few plants of its size can equal. es 
Plants should be cultivated in well-drained shallow pan’, *° maps they cae 

be easily suspended close to the roof glass, using very little sie . nee 
their Toots. During this their season of growth, they need to be sat 
Supplied with water, and placed in the temperature of the interme i 
house, as the little extra warmth will aid the blooms to expand with more 
edom than if allowed to remain in the cooler division. When the Sie 
“te ‘fully open, the plants may be returned to -the Odontoglossum ait 
Where the blooms will retain their freshness and beauty for a ie ke ss 
“hen growth is completed less water at the root will suffice, t 5 A ee 
| Plants Should never be allowed to become dust dry at any time, q oe 
fairly Moist, even when at rest. 5- grandiflora rosea and S. cernua ie 4 
* same treatment, but I find that S. violacea does better when kep 
Coolest part of the intermediate house throughout the year- 


348 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


Carefully regulate the temperatures in each division as advised in former 
Calendars, and, above all things, guard against a hot dry state of the 
atmosphere, which is not only detrimental to the health of the inmates, 
but will encourage the propagation of innumerable insect pests, which 
cause so much devastation amongst plant life. 


ORCHID PORTRAITS. 


BOTANICAL MAGAZINE. 
CYPRIPEDIUM MONTANUM, Dougl. A Western American species, much 
like the Eastern C. parviflorum, but with a white lip.—t. 7319. 
PHALZNOPSIS TETRASPIS, Rchb. f.—t. 734%. 


THE GARDEN. 


L2LIA ANCEPS SCHR@DERIANA.—September 23rd, p. 284, t. 928, fig. 1. 
L2&LIA ANCEPS SANDERIANA.—Sept. 23rd, p. 284, t. 928, fig. 2. 
GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE. 

CYPRIPEDIUM CHARLESWORTH, Rolfe. (See page 303 of our October 
issue.)—Oct. 7th, p. 437, fig. 70. 

ZYGOPETALUM LINDENI, Rolfe. A very handsome species of the Wars- 
cewiczella group, with pure white flowers veined with purple at the base of 
the lip.—Oct. arst, p. 493, fig. 85. 

JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE. 

CYPRIPEDIUM CHARLESWoRTHII, Rolfe.—Oct. sth, p. 307, fig. 43- 

LINDENIA. 

CYMBIDIUM GRANDIFLORUM, Griff., VaR. PUNCTATUM, Cogn. A variety 
with a few minute dots at the base of the sepals and petals.—t. 389. 

ODONTOGLOssUM TRIOMPHE DE RaMBoUILLET. A handsome variety of 
O. crispum, from the collection of M. Dallemagne, of Rambouillet, France. 
The sepals and petals are blotched with reddish purple, the ground colour 
being flushed with light rosy pink.—t. 390. 

GALEANDRA CLagsi, Cogn. A very pretty species, imported from 
Brazil by Messrs. Linden, L’Horticulture Internationale, Brussels, through 
their collector, M. Claes. “The racemes are slender and drooping, the sepals 
and petals are suffused and veined with brown, and the lip rose-purple and 
white.—t. 391. 

CymBipium Low1anum, Rchb. f., VAR. SUPERBISSIMUM, Lind. A good 
form of a handsome species.—t. 392. 


ORCHID ALBUM. : 
: is 
CATTLEYA ciTRINA, Lindl. Block treatment is recommended for th 


L 


§tant 
. €dto a fine plant of Dendrobium Phalzenopsis Sch 


P| Now é : 
been in cultivation just ten years. 


— €ne “ae 
. ab and distinct species of Cypripedium, shown as 
| Ts. Charlesworth, Shuttleworth and Co., 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 349 


rather refractory subject, and during the summer a shady position in the 


Cattleya house, with abundance of water, but during the winter it should be 
kept cool and dry in the cool house.—t. 469. 
ONCIDIUM PHYMATOCHILUM, Li 
mM, Lindl. A rare but ili 
ae ut very graceful Brazilian 
Cympipium LowiANuM, Rchb. f.—t. 471. 
— GRANDIFLORUS, Lindl. A very interesting little 
plant with white and green flowers.—t. 472. 


REICHENBACHIA. 
Part V. of Volume II. of the second series contains :— 
a CLARKEI, Rolfe. A handsome species which grows at 
a, ,000 feet elevation in Sikkim.—p. 35; t- 65. 
OPETALUM Burtel, Rchb.f. A Costa Rican species, said to grow 


“also i . : 
so in Ecuador. It is said to succeed well at St. Albans with a liberal 


allowa 
nce of heat, shade, water, and general atmospheric humidity, to a want 


of whi : 
iq the failure to grow this handsome plant is attributed.—p. 37, t- 66- 
. LEYA X PARTHENIA, Bleu. A handsome hybrid, with white flowers, 
xg isc of the lip bright yellow, and the front lobe light purple, not veined 
x the original form.—p. 39, t- 67. 
o HALENOPSIS SANDERIANA, Rchb. f. A richly coloure 
ee flowers.—p. 41, t. 68, fig. 1. 
HALENOPSIS X INTERMEDIA, Lindl., 
t. 68, fig. 2. 


d form with deep 


var. PorTEI, Rehb. f.—p- 43+ 


0 
RCHIDS AT THE ROYAL HORTICULTURAL 
SOCIETY. 


By JouN WEATHERS. 

Hall, James Street, Victoria 
Cultural Commendation was 
roederianum, exhibited 
Cheshire (gr. Mr. H.- 


Tue 
ag was an interesting display at the Drill 
, Westminster, on September 26th. A 


by E Ash 
5 worth : 

Holbrook), rth, Esq., Harefield Hall, Wilmslow, 
W 

i E. Brymer, Esq., M.P., FRHS., 
ubited a spike of the rare and beautiful Cattleya 


sington House, Dorchester, 
‘x Brymeriana, which has 


doubtedly the appearance of 
C. Charlesworthii by 
Heaton, Bradford. It 
ferred to at length at 


Th : 
€ great sensation of the meeting was uD 


obtain ; 
P. 30 e First-class Certificate, and as it was re 
-=% it ts unnecessary to describe it here. 


a 


Poe 


350 : THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


W. Cobb, Esq., Dulcote, Tunbridge Wells (gr. Mr. J. Jones), exhibited a 
strong plant of Catasetum Gnomus with several flowers, which received a 
Botanical Certificate. 

C. J. Ingram, Esq., F.R.H.S., Elstead, Godalming (gr. Mr. T. W. Bond), 
exhibited Lelia elegans Turneri Ingram’s var. An Award of Merit was 
given, the flowers being large, and bearing an intense purple lip. 

Messrs. W. L. Lewis and Co., Chase Side, Southgate, London, N., 
contributed a pretty group, containing several worthy novelties, of which 
Cattleya x Johnsoniana, and C. x Ashtoniana (both obtained from C. 
Harrisonie 2? x C. Warscewiczii 7, but differing in form and colour) may be 
particularly mentioned as something good. At the meeting on October roth, 
the same firm obtained a Botanical Certificate for Habenaria cinnabarina, 
a Madagascar species, with heads of small vivid orange flowers speckled 
with red. 

Messrs. Hugh Low and Co., of Clapton, exhibited a group this day, and 
also on the roth of October, on which latter date a Silver Banksian Medal 
was awarded. Among the many species exhibited may be mentioned 
Vanda Kimballiana, Stanhopea Amesiana; the canary-yellow Dendrobium 
Lowii, with six rows of deep orange hairs on the lip; Saccolabium bigibbum, 
Cattleya Eldorado Wallisi, and several Cypripediums. 

Messrs. P. McArthur and Co., Maida Vale, exhibited a collection in 
which were noticeable some beautiful forms of Vanda Sanderiana, Cattleya 
Harrisoniz, Saccolabium cceleste, Oncidium Cebolleta, O. Jonesianum, 
and Stanhopea insignis. ; 

Mr. James O’Brien, Harrow-on-the-Hill, exhibited specimens of Satyrium 
eriocarpum, S. membranaceum, and Brownleea ccérulea, which latter 
received a Botanical Certificate. 

Messrs. Pitcher and Manda, Hextable, Swanley, exhibited the “ Short 
Hills” variety of Cypripedium x radiosum. 

On this occasion, and on October 1oth (when a Silver Banksian 
was awarded), Messrs. F. Sander and Co. sent collections in which ; 
Lelio-cattleya x Sander (L. xanthina 2 x C. Dormaniana 4), Oncidium 
bracteatum, O. trulliferum, Zygopetalum Klabochorum, and Z. Burtii, Phale- 
nopsis Lowii, Lelio-cattleya x Kranzlinii (C. Mossize Wageneri } L. 
elegans prasiata 2), Selenipedium x Coppinianum (S. xX Sedeni ¢ X S- 5 
conchiferum ¢), and Cypripedium x Cecilia (C. tonsum ? X C. Speer 
ianum $)—very much like C. x picturatum (C. Spicerianum +m 
superbiens 2) in appearance. 

Thomas Statter, Esq., F.R.H.S., Stand Hall, Whitefield, Manchester 
(gr. Mr. R. Johnson), exhibited flowers of such rarities as Cattleya * 
Parthenia, C. bicolor coerulea, C. Alexandre, and Cypripedium * Arthuria" 
num superbum. 

W. Thompson, Esq., F.R.H.S., Walton Grange, Stone, Staffs. ( 


Medal 
were 


gt Mr. 


| 


Souple of Cypripediums. 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 351 


W. Stevens), sent a splendid spike of Cattleya Alexandra—certainly the 
best flowers of this species yet shown in public. 

Messrs. B. S. Williams and Son, Upper Holloway, N., exhibited Cypri- 
pedium X amandum (C. barbatum 2 x C. Lawrenceanum g) and C. x 
Cythera (C. Spicerianum $ x C. purpuratum 2) this day, and on the roth of 
October received a Silver Banksian Medal for a group, in which Dendrobium 


 superbiens—otherwise D. Goldiei—D. bigibbum, D. Phalenopsis, Pachy- 


stoma Thomsoniana, Miltonia Roezlii, Odontoglossum Harryanum, Coelogyne 
speciosa, Cypripedium x Adonis (C. x Harrisianum superbum 2 x C. 
Spicerianum magnificum f) were noteworthy. 

In*addition to those mentioned above were several other exhibitors on 
October roth. The President of the Society, Sir Trevor Lawrence, Bart., 
Burford, Dorking (gr. Mr. W. H. White), exhibited a pan two feet in 
diameter containing several glowing plants of Habenaria militaris, for which 
a Silver Flora Medal was awarded. Cypripedium x Lawrebel, with two 
lower sepals, and C. x conco-Lawre, with two flowers fused together like 
Siamese twins, were also shown, and excited much comment from lovers of 
the curious. 

The Director of the Royal Gardens, Kew (W. T. Thiselton Dyer, Esq., 
C.M.G., F.R.S.), sent a new hybrid Disa named “The Premier,” of which 
D. x Veitchii 2 x DL. tripetaloides ¢ are the parents. The flowers, of 
Which five were fully expanded, are of a good size, and of a deep purple rose 
incolour. A First-class Certificate was awarded to the plant. 

J. Forster Alcock, Esq., F.R.HS., Northchurch, Great Berkhamstead, 
exhibited a good variety of Odontoglossum grande, Cattleya labiata and 
Cattleya bicolor, the purple lip of which latter had a very conspicuous 
white margin. 

An Award of Merit was given to Odontogloss 
4 form with a white lip and mottled greenish yellow sepals and petals, 
shown by Major-General Berkeley, F.R.H.S., Bitterne, near Southampton. 

A form of Lycaste Skinneri was sent by w. C. Clark, Esq., F.R.H.S., 
Orleans House, Sefton Park, Liverpool. - 

P. Hardy, Esq., Tynterfield, Ashton-on-Mersey (gt- ar T. Stafford), 
exhibited flowers of a large and deeply coloured Lzlia pumila preestans. 

A. J. Hollington, Esq., F-R.H.S., Forty Hill, Enfield (er- Mr. Ayling), 
exhibited a hybrid Cattleya very much like, if not identical with, C. x 2 - 
‘oniana, exhibited by Messrs. Lewis and Co. on September 26th, an¢é a 


um Uroskinneri album, 


Brussels, received a 


M i , i -e Internationale, 
essrs. Linden, L’Horticulture inter sea loya Hldocado 


Silver Flora Medal for an excellent group, out of whic ce 
indeni, C, Warocqueana fascinator, Cypripedium x ee a 

and Leelia elegans Luciani, each received an Award ot ett In ee ae 

may be mentioned a superb plant of Cypripedium Rothschild 


352 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


with a scape two feet high, bearing four huge flowers, the tails of which 
were over six inches long; the graceful Warscewiczella Lindeni, a much 
finer plant than when it received a First-class Certificate in June, 1892 ; 
and Cattleya Eldorado Oweni, with a deep purple front to the orange- 
throated lip. 

Messrs. J. Veitch and Sons, King’s Road, Chelsea, obtained a First-class 
Certificate for Cattleya x Chloris (C. Bowringiana 2 x C. maxima 9), a 
beautiful hybrid with large deep rose-purple segments, and an intense purple 
lip with orange-barred throat. An Award of Merit was given to Cattleya x 
Pheidona (C. intermedia 2 x.C. maxima 3d), a soft lilac-coloured novelty 
with a lip conspicuously veined with purple. Cypripedium x Arthurium 
pulchellum (C. Fairieanum 2 x C. insigne Chantini 2), was also shown, and 
is much superior to the ordinary form. 

A Bronze Banksian Medal was awarded to S. G. Lutwyche, Esq., 
F.R.H.S., for a large group, noticeable in which was a Zygopetalum Mackayi 
with forty flowers on six spikes ; Lycaste Skinneri alba, varieties of Dendro- 
bium Phalenopsis, and Miltonia Regnelli, Trichopilia fragrans, and several 
rare hybrid Cypripediums. 

There will be three more meetings of the Society this year, viz., on 
November 14th and 28th, and December 12th, and at each of these gentle- 
men and their gardeners who are desirous of joining the Society and assisting 
_ in its work may be proposed as Fellows for the new year. 


CORRESPONDENCE, &c. 


W. S. E., Hazelbourne. Bollea Patini, a pale variety of B. Lalindei. : 

W. M. A., Weston-super- Mare. Phalzenopsis Esmeralda, almost of quite the variety 
antennifera, Brassavola grandiflora, Odontoglossum nebulosum variety, Epidendrum pani- 
culatum, and Dichza species. 

H. J. H., Edinburgh. Dendrobium dicuphum, Odontoglossum x cuspidatum, Lycaste 
Deppei, Phalzenopsis amabilis and Cymbidium giganteum. 

H. H., Whitby. A variety of Cypripedium x radiosum. 

J. T., Ashford. It is difficult to say why the bulbs of Miltonia should have damped oft 
when brought into the warm house, unless the sudden change of temperature was too great, 
or the compost in an unhealthy state, as the usual treatment seems to have been followed. 
We will try to ascertain. Meantime refer to Calendar of Operations for August. 

T. C. H., Richmond. Many thanks: next month. , 

P. & M., New Jersey. Photograph received. with thanks, of Cypripedium x Allanianum. 

E. A., Wilmslow. Cattleya Gaskelliana, a handsome light-coloured form. 

C W., Selly Hill. Photographs of Cymbidium x Winnianum and Cypripedium x —_ 
received, with thanks. 

O. O. W., Bury. A variety of Cypripedium x Eyermanianum. 

We Es; Birmingham. Catasetum Wailesii, a green variety of C. maculatum. 


Warne’s Orchid Protector. 


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INSPECTION INVITED. 
oe a 


L Sa Supplement to our DECEMBER 

FATE of a beautiful COLOURED 

IPRIPED the new and sensational 

es 1UM CHARLESWORTHI is 

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Dendrobiums, Cypripediums, &c., always in 

stock. hes nvited. Please waite ‘for LIST. 
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The extensive collection of Orchids grown by Mr. JAMES CRISPIN, at Fishpone 
Bristol, may be inspected at any time by persons interested in Orchid Cult 


DECEMBER, 1893. 


VOTED EXCLUSIVELY TO. ORCHIDOLOG 
IN ALL ITS BRANCHES. 


Contents. 

PAGE 

ow 353 | The Hybridist ... an es 

of ate 3 in wPhalencpaie + 354 Cattleya x Pheidona ve 

Charlesworthii (with Lielio-cattleya x Sanderee os 
C ed 


d plate) - 355 
of Orchid Hybeditaton (Part 
a is no 858 
labiata ee 508.1 
im x Winnianum (Fig. 18) .. . 361 
3 


o- oon 


NOTICES. : s 
The ORCHID REVIEW is published regularly on the first of each month. 
The Editors invite short communications on interesting subjects, which should 
be written on one side of the paper only, also portraits etc., of rarities. 

All communications and Books for review, should be pddrewt :—The Eprtor 
_ OF THE OrcHID Review, Lawn Crescent, Kew, and should be sent as early in the 
ts earn as possible. 

Advertisements and late news should be received not later than the 2oth of the 


SCALE OF CHARGES FOR ADVERTISEMENTS. 


£2 s. 
Five lines and under in column . ‘ ; ; ‘ oss 
Per line after i ‘ : : é : : GO. 3 
One-eighth colamu i ; : A . : G.°5 70 
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ee UNDER GLASS IN GREAT BRITAIN. 


aioe of all the most important species and varieties in cultivation, their origin, Botanical Histony a 

er together with Cultural Notes, — » &e. genera, 
ia Fa sida ie ad ka nd cultiv: tors of exotic Orchids ach a ae account of the principal 

ivated un an is eaneaisie in the Manuals hith 

on of Fogo wahate during the last quarter of a century, scene gine he increased taste for, and — 

and interesting order of hx ts, has in our opinion, created the desideratum which we are now 


being 
t present in cultivation, and to which additions are constantly 

3 pee the labour bam ind the compilation of a Manual sufficiently 
cessarily demand m 


tt time. 
} upon fmning the —: in parts, each part Vigeinie a monograph of the cultivated see 
most i, Or of a group of genera. 


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THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


Vou. 1) DECEMBER, 1893. [No. 12. 


NOTES. 


Tar Royal Horticultural Society will hold its last meeting of the year on 
ember 12th, when the Orchid Committee will meet at the usual hour. 


% Messrs. B. S. Williams and Son, of the Victoria and Paradise Nurseries, 
pper Holloway, inform us that they intend to publish a new and much 
: llarged seventh edition of the Orchid Growers’ Manual early in the new 
: The size is large octavo, and there will be numerous additional 


trations. 


A new work of 800 pages is announced, entitled Les Orchidées Exotiques 
Leur Culture en Europe, by M. Lucien Linden, editor of the Fournal des 
chidées, to be issued at the beginning of next year. 


At the same time we learn that the Journal des Orchidées will be sus- 
ded for a year or two, at the end of the present volume; that is on the 
of March next. 


Our article on the ‘‘ Nomenclature of Hybrids” (p. 349) has called forth 
Me discussion on the subject. The Gardeners’ Chronicle (p. 627), thinks 
there is “a great deal. to be said in favour of a purely verninculae 
Stem of naming,” and considers it “ undesirable to mix up the history of a 
t with its name, and to complicate matters by a cumbrous and em- 
assing system of nomenclature.” 

The former point is not in accordance with the recommendations of ee 
Horticultural Society’s Nomenclature Committee, which we thought 

23 


354 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


had been pretty generally accepted—in principle at least, if not always in 
practice. 


A purely vernacular system, for example, would give us three separate 
names, for Cypripedium x Leeanum, C. x L. superbum and C. x L. gigan- 
teum, but we fail to see where the improvement comes in. Nothing could 
well be more embarrassing than the diversity of practice which now prevails, 
and the recent development of the use of compound names in gardens is 
probably due to the fact that they give some clue to the origin of a hybrid. 


The Rev. R. Baron, the well-known explorer of Madagascar, has pub- 
lished in the Standard newspaper, and also in the Gardeners’ Chronicle, a 
letter respecting M. Hamelin’s published account of the discovery of 
Eulophiella Elisabethz, and describes “‘most of the statements made” as 
“purely imaginary,” and “ largely or entirely pure romance.” 


Our present number complétes the volume for the year, and contains 
the title-page and index, consequently the matter for the present month is 
somewhat curtailed. We call attention to a notice on the last page with 
regard to our future arrangements, and hope for increased support during 
the coming year. 


LENGTH OF LIFE IN PHALAZNOPSIS. 


A discussion has recently taken place in the Gardeners’ Chronicle 
on the above subject. Speaking of the difficulty of forming large 
vigorous plants here at home, Mr. Sidney Courtauld (p. 458) relates 
how a well-known collector told him that in their native country the 
duration of their life does not exceed a few years. To this Major- 
General E. S. Berkeley replies (p. 532) that he has seen thousands 
of plants in a wild state, and some of extraordinary age and dimensions, 
such as would scarcely be believed by growers at home, and cites his notes 
on Phalznopsis tetraspis in our columns (p. 209) in corroboration. “ I feel 
quite convinced,” he remarks, “that I have seen many plants one hundred 
years old. . . . I have healthy plants now in my Phalznopsis house col- 
lected by me in 1880.” His method of culture is detailed at pp- 299 
and 242 of our columns. Mr. W. Holmes also speaks of plants of P. 
Schilleriana, amabilis, grandiflora, Stuartiana and violacea, that were in the 
Pickering Lodge collection long before he took charge of it twelve years 28° 
and though flowering every year are now larger than ever. We quite agree 
with these writers that Phalznopsis are not at all short-lived plants, and 
under proper treatment may be grown for almost indefinite periods. 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 355. 


CYPRIPEDIUM CHARLESWORTHII. 
tf | (See FRONTISPIECE.) 
WE are now able to present our readers with a coloured plate of the new 
} and beautiful Cypripedium Charlesworthii, which was noticed some time ago 
in our pages (p. 303). It came as a great surprise, for no one imagined that 
_ 80 fine and distinct a species remained undiscovered in our great Indian 
Empire. It is true that many districts are yet very imperfectly explored, and 
_ that the habitat of the remarkable Cypripedium Fairieanum still remains a 
mystery. But the appearance of a species with a rose-coloured dorsal sepal 
could scarcely have been anticipated; at least in the particular group to 
_ Which it belongs. It was the sensation of the Royal Horticultural Society’s 
meeting on September 26th last, when it was unanimously awarded a First- 
class Certificate by the Orchid Committee, and was universally admired. As 
already pointed out, its nearest ally is C. Spicerianum, though in many 
Tespects the two are very different. In habit and general character of the 
_ Vegetative organs they are much alike, but the purple-brown streaks on the 
under side of the leaves of the present one extend further from the base, in 
- some cases beyond the middle. The scapes, too, are a little shorter. The 
piece de résistance is the dorsal sepal, which is suffused with light soft rosy 
: Purple, a little marbled with white towards the apex, and the nerves 
Senerally a little darker than the ground colour. In shape it is nearly orbi- 
cular, flat or at length a little concave, and two and a quarter inches in 
diameter. The petals are linear-oblong, flat, one and a quarter inches long, 
and greenish yellow somewhat nerved with light brown. The lip is as long 
as the petals, and rather similar in colour. The-staminode is another very 
distinct feature. It is ivory-white or nearly porcelain-white, with a curved 
light yellow horn-like tooth near the apex. It is likely to become just as 
_ Popular as C. Spicerianum, not only asa decorative plant, but also for hybridi- 
_ Sation purposes. To the hybridist it should prove a great acquisition, for 
it presents a colour which has been much sought after, and its handsome 
dorsal sepal is sure to originate some striking developments, when crossed 
With other richly coloured forms. Altogether we may predict that so handsome 
species will become a general favourite. It is an autumn-bloomer, and no 
doubt will succeed under the same treatment as C. Spicerianum. The few 
flowers which have already expanded indicate a certain variability in colour. 
Our plate represents the darkest form which has appeared. This fine eae 
has been introduced by Messrs. Charlesworth, Shuttleworth and Co., 0 
Heaton, Bradford, who are now sending it out. Next autumn, nit a 
Plants have had time to become established, a general ecm davopiicd 


Cipated. It is probable that we have not yet witnesse 
I. p. 303; Journ. of Hort., 1893, 


oe Cypripedium Charlesworthii, Rolfe in Orchid Review, 
4 P. 307, fig. 43 ; Gard. Chron., 1893; ii. p» 437s fig. 70- 


356 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


HISTORY OF ORCHID HYBRIDISATION. 
Part XI. 
(Concluded trom page 328.) 


A LARGE number of hybrids appeared during 1892, many of them being very 
distinct and beautiful, though no new genus was added to the list. 

Sophro-cattleya x Veitchiana is perhaps one of the most interesting. 
It was raised in the establishment of Messrs. James Veitch and Sons, of 
Chelsea, from Sophronitis x grandiflora ? and Lelio-cattleya x Schilleriana 
g, and thus three genera were concerned in its parentage. In this respect 
it would appear to establish a record. It is convenient to refer the plant to 
Sophro-cattleya, though perhaps not strictly correct. Like S. x Bate- 
maniana and S. x Calypso, it is very beautiful. 

Cymbidium x Winnianum, the second hybrid in the genus, is another 
very interesting plant. It was raised in the collection of Charles Winn, 
Esq., the Uplands, Selly Hill, Birmingham, from C. giganteum @ and C. 
eburneum $; whose characters it well combines, It is described at p. 22. 

Epidendrum x Endresio-Wallisii is a pretty little hybrid, raised by 
Messrs. Veitch, from E. Wallisii 2 and E. Endresii g, two species not before 
used by the hybridist. In habit it most resembles the latter. Its characters 
are pointed out at p. ro4. 

Zygopetalum x leucochilum was also raised by Messrs. Veitch. Its 
parents are recorded as Z. Mackayi ? and Z. Burkei ¢, and thus it was the 
first hybrid derived from the latter. 

Phaius x hybridus is a bold and handsome hybrid, raised in the collec- 
tion of D. O. Drewett, Esq., of Riding Mill-on-Tyne, Northumberland, from 
P. grandifolius 2 and P. Wallichii g. The reverse cross is figured on p. 241. 

Phalznopsis x Artemis was derived from P. amabilis, Blume (grandi- 
flora) 2 and P. rosea 3, and bears considerable resemblance to P. x inter- 
media. It was raised by Mr. Seden in Messrs. Veitch’s establishment. 

Phalznopsis x Amphitrite was raised by Messrs. F. Sander and Co.; 
of St. Albans, from P, Sanderiana ? and P. Stuartiana ¢, whose characters 
it well combines. 

Masdevallia x Cassiope is a very interesting little hybrid, raised by 
Captain Hincks, Terrace House, Richmond, Yorks, from M. triangularis ? 
and M. Harryana 7, two species which belong to very different groups. 

Masdevallia x Shuttryana was raised in the collection of Sir Trevor 
Lawrence, Bart., Burford, Dorking, from M. Shuttleworthii 2 and M. 
Harryana $. The specific name is intended to indicate the parentage. 

Masdevallia x McVittie is a very pretty little hybrid, raised in the 
collection of W. Thompson, Esq., Walton Grange, Stone, Staffordshire, it 1S 
Said from M. tovarensis ¢ and Veitchiana j, though the. characters of the 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 357 


plant suggest a form of M. coccinea as the pollen parent. It is said to have 
been some twelve or fourteen years old before it flowered. It is described 
at p. 22. 

Cattleya x Philo was raised in the establishment of Messrs. Veitch, 
from C. Mossize 2 and C. iricolor $, and thus was the first hybrid derived 
from the latter rare species. The variety albiflora was also raised from the 
same cross. Both are very handsome. 

Cattleya x Burberryana was raised in the establishment of Messrs. F. 
Sander and Co., of St. Albans, it is said from C. x intricata ? and C. 
superba $. It is a very handsome hybrid. 

Cattleya x Minucia was derived from C. Loddigesii crossed with the 
pollen of C. Warscewiczii. It was raised in the establishment of Messrs. James 
Veitch and Sons, of Chelsea. 

Cattleya x leucoglossa was also raised by Messrs. Veitch, the parents 
in this case being C. Loddigesii 2 and C. x fausta f. It is a chaste and 
very beautiful hybrid. 

Lelia x Latona is a handsome hybrid descended from L. cinnabarina $ 
and L. purpurata #. It is another of Mr. Seden’s productions. 

Lelia x Oweniana is a very pretty hybrid raised in the establishm 
of Messrs. F. Sander and Co., of St. Albans, from L. pumila Dayana ? and 
L. xanthina 3, and thus appears to have been the first hybrid derived from 
the latter. , 

Lelio-cattleya x Baroness Schréder is a very handsome hybrid which 
was raised in the collection of Baron Schréder, The Dell, Egham, from C. 
Triane 2 and Lelia Jongheana 8. Cattleya dolosa has also been recorded 
as the pollen parent, but this is evidently a mistake. 

Lelio-cattleya x Marriottiana is a handsome hybrid of novel colour, 
taised in the collection of Sir William Marriott, Down House, Blandford, 
from Lzelia flava 9 and Cattleya Skinneri 3, neither of which appear to have 
been previously used by the hybridist. 

Lelio-cattleya x Ingrami was raised 
Esq., of Godalming, from Lelia pumila 
aurea §. It is a very handsome form. 

Lelio-cattleya x claptonense was raise 

ugh Low and Co., of Clapton, from Lzlio- 
Cattleya Dormaniana f, and thus appears to bet 
the latter. 
 Lelio-cattleya x Phoebe was raised in the collection of  . “ 
Cookson, Esq., of Oakwood, Wylam-on-Tyne, from Cattleya Mossiz 2 and 
Lelia cinnabarina 4, and thus is the reversed of Lzlio-cattleya x Hippo- 
lyta raised by Messrs. Veitch (p. 292)- 
Six hybrid Dendrobiums appeared during 1892, 
D. x Rolfez is a handsome hybrid raised in the es 


ent 


in the collection of C. Ingram, 
Dayana ? and Cattleya Dowiana 


d in the establishment of Messrs. 
cattleya x elegans ? and 
he first hybrid raised from 


as follows :— 
tablishment of Messrs. 


358 - THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


F. Sander and Co.; of St. Albans, from D. primulinum % and D. nobile 2, 
and is probably the first hybrid derived from the former. 

D. x Nestor was raised in the collection of C. Winn, Esq., of The 
Uplands, Selly. Hill, Birmingham, from D, Parishii 2 and D. superbum 2. 
___.The remaining four were raised in the establishment of Messrs. James 

_Veitch.and Sons, of Chelsea :— See ‘gies: an 
' D. x Euryclea is a handsome hybrid derived from D, lituiflorum ? and 
D. Wardianum 2. noe ; Boe 

D. x dulce is descended from _D. aureum Gand D. Linawianum g, and 
is a very pretty little plant. are ae nee 

D. x .striatum. was. derived from D. moniliforme (japonicum) 2 and D. 

_pulchellum (Dalhousieanum) 3, two species belonging to two quite different 
groups. : ; 

_ OD. Adrasta, the last of the group, was derived from D. Pierardii ? 
and D. superbum , and thus is the first hybrid derived from the former. 
Six Selenipediums also appeared, as follows :— 

S. x Brysa was raised in the establishment of Messrs. James Veitch and 
Sons, of Chelsea, from S. x Sedeni candidulum @ and S. Boissierianum ¢, 
and is a handsome hybrid. 
~ §. ® Perseus is another very pretty form, raised in the same establish- 
ment as the preceding, from S. x Sedeni porphyreum @? and S. Lindleya- 
num §, and is specially interesting as the first hybrid derived from the 
latter. 

: S. x Baconis was raised in the establishment of Messrs. F. Sander and 
Co., of St. Albans, from S. x chlorops 2 and S. Schlimii 2. 

S. x Edithze appeared in the same establishment as the preceding, and 
is descended from S. x conchiferum 2 and S. Schlimii albiflorum be 

S. x Elsteadiana was raised in the collection of C. Ingram, Esq., of 
Godalming, from S. x conchiferum ? and S. x grande, and is an interesting 
form. 

S. x Hardyana was raised in the collection of G. Hardy, Esq-, o 
Timperley, Cheshire, from S. caudatum SandS. x Ainsworthii¢. It is near 
S. x grande and S. x macrochilum, and has-been considered synonymous 
With the latter, though the parentage is certainly different. 

. . The remaining hybrids of 1892 were Cypripediums, and, as usual, form 
a rather numerous group :— : oe 
From the establishment of Messrs. James Veitch and Sons, of Chelsea, 
appeared :— 

C. x Adrastus, a handsome hybrid derived from C. x Leeanum + and 
C. Boxallii 2, ica Sei Ss oe 

©. x Tityus, another Promising thing, derived from C. Spicerianum + 
and C. x cenanthum Superbum 3, ioe 7 
.. Tanthe, derived from C. x Harrisianum-? and C. yenustum d 


we) Ce ee 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 359 


- (C. x Evenor, a very interesting form, derived from C. Argus 2 and Cy 
bellatulum 7. Rie 
EC.  Arthurianum pulchellum, derived from C. insigne Chantini ? and 
C. Fairieanum ¢. 

C. x Telemachus, derived from C. niveum 2 and C. Lawrenceanum 4, 
and thus a variety of C. x Aphrodite (p. 262). 

C. x eurylochus, derived from C. ciliolare 2 and C. hirsutissimum @. 
A prettily spotted form. 
~-C.°x Crethus, derived from C. Spicerianum $ and C. Argus ¢. 

From the collection of C. Ingram, Esq., of Godalming, appeared the five 
following :— ; 

_C. x gigas, a fine hybrid derived from C. Lawrenceanum ¢ and C. x 
Harrisianum ?. 
_C. x Hecla, derived from C. x superciliare 2 and C. x Swanianum @. 

C. x Bijou, descended from C. x cenanthum ? and C. Lawrenceanum as 

C. x The Gem, derived from C. x marmorophyllum ? and C. insigne 
Chantini 2. 

C. x La Nymphe, derived from C. x cenanthum 2? and C. x Dauthieri 2. 

The three following appeared in the establishment of F. Sander and Co., 
of St. Albans :— 

C. x G.S. Ball, derived from C. Spicerianum $ and C. Lawrenceanum 2. 

C. x Ashworthii, descended from C. x plunerum 2 and C. Spicerianum 2. 

C. x Mrs. C. D. Owen, derived from C. x superciliare ¢ and C. 
villosum 2. 

_ Three others appeared in the collection of C. Winn, 
Selly Hill, Birmingham :— ‘ 

C. x Edith Winn is a very pretty hybrid, descended from C. Stonei $ 
and C. purpuratum ¢. 

C. x Cleopatra was derive 
Superbum 7. 

C. x Ensign was derived from C. x Harrisianum ? and = barbatum 4, 
and thus has three-fourths blood derived from the latter species. 

The remaining ones were as follows :— . 

-C. x Lawrebel is a handsome hybrid, raised in the collection of Sir 
Trevor Lawrence, Bart., Burford, Dorking, from C. Lawrenceanum Bees 
bellatulum 2. a 
_ C. x Bryani was: raised in the coll 
Oakwood, Wylam-on-Tyne, from C. ph 
a handsome hybrid. 

C. x Cowleyanum is avery ch 
of G. F. Tautz, Esg., Dibdin House, 
and C, niveum @. he wea 

C. x Parksianum, descended from C. Spicerl 


Esq., The Uplands, 


d from C. Hookere ? and C. X cenanthum 


ection of Norman C. Cookson, Esq., 
ilippinense ¢ and C. Argus g. It Is 


d in the collection 


arming little plant, raise tic 
: from C. Curtisti $ 


Hanger Hill, Ealing, 


anum and C. X marmoro- 


360 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


phyllum, was raised in the collection of H. M. Pollett, Esq., of Fernside, 
Bickley. 

C. x Leda was raised in the collection of John C. Bowring, Esq., Forest 
Farm, Windsor Forest, from C. x Harrisianum @ and C. venustum ?. 

C. x Daisyze, which appeared in the collection of H. Graves, Esq., 
Orange, New Jersey, U.S.A., was obtained from C. Lowianum § and 4.1.x 
cenanthum superbum ¢. 

C. x decorum, raised in the collection of M. Jules Hye-Leyssen, of 
Ghent, Belgium, is said to have been derived from C. x Sallieri Hyeanum 
and C. Lawrenceanum. 


We have now brought our record down to the end of 1892, where we may 
conveniently leave it, as the hybrids of the present year are already recorded 
in our columns. Nearly four hundred distinct hybrids have been traced, 
belonging to the principal cultivated genera, and a few others have probably 
been overlooked owing to the irregular way in which they have been recorded. 
We do not here attempt a summary, but in succeeding numbers we intend to _ 
take the genera singly, and tabulate the results obtained in each, in a form 
suitable for ready reference, so as to show not only what has been done, but 
what remains to be accomplished in this interesting field. 

Large as the number of artificial hybrids has now become, it is certain to 
be largely increased during the next few years, by the hundreds of unflowered 
seedlings now in various collections, not to mention new crosses which are 
continually being made. The possibilities of improvement in various direc- 
tions—in size, shape, and colour of flower, increased floriferousness, and 
vigour of constitution—seem almost unlimited, especially if crossing 1s 
undertaken with some definite object in view, and accompanied by judicious 
selection. Secondary hybrids are especially promising in this connection, as 
from these plants of mixed parentage some interesting developments are 
Sure to arise, to enhance the beauty of our collections. 


CATTLEYA LABIATA ELEGANS. 

This is a most beautiful variety of Cattleya labiata, which was briefly 
mentioned at pages 8 and 329. The sepals, petals, and side lobes of the lip are 
pure white, but the front lobe of the lip is of a brilliant purple-crimson with 
a broad white margin. Behind this the disc is veined with reddish maroon, 
and the usual yellow blotches occur on either side of the throat. The plant 
is in the collection of T. R. Watt, Esq., of The Briars, Chislehurst. Last 
year it produced two flowers, but this year it has borne eight, on three 
spikes. The flowers are large, well-formed, and exceedingly handsome, and 
the bright crimson front lobe of the lip contrasts with the white sepals and 
petals in a most effective manner. It appeared in one of the importations 
of Messrs. F. Sander and Co., of St. Albans. ee 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 361 
ig 


CYMBIDIUM x WINNIANUM. 


CYMBIDIU) ive . 
ee ee 
| saa , Esq., The Uplands, Selly Hill, Birming- 
- OO ns hc giganteum ‘crossed with the pollen of Cc ee, 
other has been ; ee one of which is now in Mr. Winn’s collection ; the 
ame ere by Messrs. F. Sander and Co., of St. Albans. Our 
es. ae ses from a photograph kindly forwarded by Mr. Winn. 
ec a ant received a First-class Certificate from the Royal 
os ociety on November rst, 1891, the plant then carrying five 

, of from five to ten flowers each. It shows the usual combination 


Fig. 18. CYMBIDIUM x WINNIANUM. 


The leaves are long and gracefully 


pollen parent. The racemes 
r numerous flowers, having 
m in shape, though the 


oo ae the two parent species. 
= in which they much resemble the 
* Df shorter than the leaves, and bea 
api resemblance to those of C. giganteu 
sepals : “ae lighter, ant the kai ania are rather m 
Ris n petals are Ivory wore or nearly pale straw- 
iu, éautifully spotted with crimson, which forms an € 
oa bie of the Bower Our illustration shows well th £ 
it te eee ed, which is evidently a free grower and very fioriferous, SO that 

ely to become popular ‘in gardens. It will succeed under the treat- 


ore spreading. The 
coloured, and the 
ffective contrast 
e general habit 


362 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


ment given to C. Lowianum. It is the second hybrid in the genus, the 
first being C. x eburneo-Lowianum, raised by Messrs. James Veitch and 
Sons, of Chelsea, which has larger flowers and: an unspotted lip. In both 
cases C.- eburneum was the pollen parent. 

Cymbidium X Winnianum, Gard. Chron., 1892, ii. p. 366; Orchid Review, i. ps225 
Veitch Man. Orch, ix. p. 24. 


NOVELTIES. 


BULBOPHYLLUM ERICSSONI, Kranzlin.—A striking species bearing an 
umbel of from nine to twelve flowers, like those of a Chimzroid Masde- 
vallia. Their colour is yellowish white, heavily spotted with dark brown, 
except the lip, which is red. It was discovered by Mr. Ericsson, a collector 
for Messrs. F. Sander and Co., of St. Albans.—Gard. Chron., October 28th, 
P- 527- 


BULBOPHYLLUM LONGISPICATUM, Cogn.—A Brazilian species, allied to B. 
vittatum, Rchb. f. et Warm., and B. Sanderianum, Rolfe, introduced by 
Messrs. Linden, L’Horticulture Internationale, Brussels. The flowers are 
green spotted with brown.—Fourn. des Orch., November 15th, p. 265. 


CaTASETUM IMscHooTIANuM, L. Lind. et Cogn.—Introduced by Messrs. 
Linden, L’Horticulture Internationale, Brussels, from Brazil. It is allied 
to C. Hookeri, Lindl., and has light yellowish green flowers.—fourn. des 
Orch., November 15th, p. 266. 


CATASETUM CLaEsianuM, L. Lind. et Cogn.—A species allied to C. 
discolor, Lindl., of the section Pseudocatasetum, and of the same origin as 
the preceding. The flowers are light yellowish green.—Fourn. des Orch., 
November, 15th, p. 267. 


+ iy: 


CYPRIPEDIUM INSIGNE ERNESTI. 


This superb variety is very nearly allied to C. insigne Sander. It has 
the same shape and colour, but the spots on the dorsal sepal.are more clearly 
defined and they extend into the white area as very light purple markings. 
Briefly it is a yellow insigne of the Maulei type in which the spots are not 
quite obliterated. A plant was exhibited by R. I. Measures, Esq., of Cam- 
bridge Lodge, Flodden Road, Camberwell, at the Drill Hall, on November 
14th, side by side with the variety Sander. Both are equally beautiful 5 
some would consider them forms of one, but they differ in the characters 
just pointed out, There is one other yellow variety of this species, namely 
Macfarlanei (Rolfe in Gard. Chron., 1890, iie p. 655), in which. the dorsal 


THE ORCHID REVIEW, 363 


sepal is nearly half an inch narrower, more regularly margined with white, 
and the petals distinctly narrower. The colour is that of Sandere, but 
a shade deeper and quite unspotted. 

These plants are among the most valuable in the genus. Sandere 
appeared asa single plant in 1888, in the establishment of Messrs. F, 
Sander and Co., of St. Albans. It was divided, and half of it was acquired 
by Baron.Schréder for 70 guineas, the other half being secured by Mr. R. H. 
Measures. The latter was afterwards divided into four, one piece passing 
into the collection of Mr. R. I. Measures, a second into that of Mr. F. L. 
Ames, and a third was acquired by Messrs. Sander for £250. It is one of 
the celebrated ‘‘ montanum”’ forms;from which several distinct varieties 
have appeared, and Ernesti is evidently of the same origin. 


THE HYBRIDIST. 


CATTLEYA X PHEIDONA. | 
AFTER an interval of thirty-four years, a second hybrid between Cattleya 
maxima and C. intermedia has flowered, and both in the establishment of 
Messrs. James Veitch and Sons. The first, C. x Dominiana, was raised by 
Mr. Dominy, C. maxima being recorded as the seed parent. It flowered in 
1859. The present one is the reversed cross, C. intermedia being the seed 
Parent. It was raised by Mr. Seden, and has received the above name. 
Both are fairly intermediate in shape, but in colour, curiously enough, each 
hybrid most resembles the pollen parent. In C. x Dominiana the flowers 
are blush white or very pale blush pink, and the disc of the lip, like C. inter 
media, almost without markings; but in C. x Pheidona the lip is beautifully 
Veined all over, in which respect it resembles C. maxima. The whole of the 
disc is buff-yellow, with numerous radiating veins of a reddish maroon 
Shade; and the front lobe and margins of the side lobes, like the sepals and 
Petals, are delicate blush or pale mauve-pink, the former being veined erie 
purple-crimson, except near the margin. The colour and veining of aie iP 
8ives to the flower a very attractive appearance. We learn that the plant 
has passed into an American collection. 


LELIO-CATTLEYA X SANDER&. 
_ This is a new hybrid raised in the establishment of Messrs. F. cag 
and Co., of St. Albans, from Lelia xanthina 2 and Cattleya aoe : 
Aplant was exhibited at a meeting of the Royal Horticultural Society i 
September 26th last, which had evidently not reached its full ee 
ae it bore only a single flower. It bears mest Oe Fs pe al 
Plant. The sepals and petals are greenish yellow and the lp : : 
front lobe being flat, and dark rose-coloured. _. . Fy 


364 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


CYPRIPEDIUM X TENNYSON. 

A new hybrid of graceful form, raised from C. x cenanthum superbum ¢ 
and C. Dayanum ¢. The flowers are compared with those of a light form of 
C. x Harrisianum. The upper sepal is white, tinged with green below and 
lined with purple two-thirds of the way to the apex; the petals are ciliate, 
light rose on the outer half, darker on the inner one; the lip somewhat 
similar in colour, and the staminode clear yellow. The stock is in the 
possession of Mr. P. McArthur, of Maida Vale.—O’Brien in Gard. Chron., 
Oct 21st, p. 490. 


NURSERY NOTES. 


THE rockwork at the Royal Exotic Nursery is almost always brightened up 
with interesting Orchids. At the present dull season the Oncidiums are 
very effective, and comprise O. crispum, Forbesii, varicosum, excavatum, 
cheirophorum, tigrinum, and others. A fine plant of Ccelogyne barbata 
carries no less than fifteen spikes, and numerous flowers. Many other well- 
known things are also in flower. The hybrid Cypripediums, for which 
Messrs. Veitch have so long been famous, also make a fine display, and 
include C. x Niobe, C. x microchilum, C. x CEnone, and many others. 
The rare Selenipedium Boissierianum, and the pretty hybrid derived from 
it and S. Schlimii album, called S. x Cleola, are also in flower. 

Messrs. Charleworth, Shuttleworth, and Co., of Heaton, Bradford, have 
had a magnificent display of Cattleya labiata—it is said as many as seven 
thousand flowers—and the range of coloration is marvellous. Side by side 
with the recent introductions are two pieces of the old original plant from 
the Birchfield collection. Lelia tenebrosa, flowering from half-made 
growths, and Cattleya Dowiana aurea are also very beautiful. Oncidiums 
crispum and Forbesii are also very effective. Dendrobium Phalaenopsis 
Schroederianum is making a brave show, with D. superbiens and bigib- 
bum, while the chaste D. aqueum forms a very pretty contrast. Many 
other good things are in bloom, including Oncidium uniflorum, on a block, 
literally covered with flowers; the rare Odontoglossum Hennisii with a 
spike of thirteen flowers, &c., &c. The Odontoglossums promise a fine 
show in the spring. 

Messrs. F. Sander and Co., St. Albans, have also a wonderful display of 
Cattleya labiata, in endless variety. Cypripedium insigne, too, is in great 
force, and shows a considerable range of variation, some of the montanum 
forms being especially good. The hybrids are also very numerous, and 
many well-known forms are in flower, together with some novelties of 
promise. A large number of other showy and interesting things are in flower 
in this extensive establishment. ’ 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 365 


CYPRIPEDIUM INSIGNE AT BRIDGE HALL, 
BURY. : 


We have received the following interesting communication from O. O- 
Wrigley, Esq., Bridge Hall, Bury, Lancashire :— 


At the present time, although a dull season for Orchid-bloom, I have a 
grand display of flowers from my numerous plants of Cypripedium insigne. 
Upwards of three hundred and seventy blooms are now open, or on the 
point of opening, and the individual flowers are generally very large. Of 
three which I have measured one was five and a half inches from the 
apex of the dorsal sepal to the extreme point of the pouch, and the same 
length from point to point of the extended petals, while the two others 
measured four and a half inches each way. 

The varieties, for the most part, are selected forms of the old Sylhet 
variety, but there are many plants of the choicer sorts, such as Chantini, 
punctato-violaceum, albo-marginatum, Maulei, Wiottii, Wallacei, and many 
fine forms of the more modern ‘‘ montanum” varieties. Indeed, two of 
the last named are the most magnificent forms, both for size and colour, 
that I have ever seen. 

I am very fond of this good, though somewhat old-fashioned Cypripede, 
and am hybridising it freely with the best kinds that require warmer treat- 
ment, as I am desirous of producing hybrids which will require cool treat- 
ment like the insigne parent. 

My insignes are grown in two temperatures, 
70° Fahr. by day to 55° by night, and the othe 
They grow equally well in either temperature, 
are father later under the cooler treatment. 

and fibrous peat, without a trace of sphagnum or ¢ 


the one ranging from about 
r 5° lower day and night. 
but, of course, the blooms. 
They are potted in crocks. 
harcoal in the compost. 
O. O. WRIGLEY. 


[We shall hope to hear again of the results of Mr. Wrigley’s experi- 
ments. The attempt to introduce greater variety into cool-house Cypri- 
nd deserves success, for we know of 


ne is grown in an ordinary greenhouse, 
ds would be gladly introduced if only 
amenable to cool treatment. By sowing the seed and growing the young 
Seedlings in the cool house, the hardier ones alone would presumably make 

adway and reach the flowering stage- We do not know if systematic 
experiments in this direction have before been tried. Half the seed might 


be sown in each of the two temperatures.—ED.} 


Pediums is a praiseworthy one a 
collections where Cypripedium insig 
and flowers regularly, and other kin 


— SO 


366 ‘THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


HYBRID ORCHIDS. 


THE great popularity to which Orchids have now attained is alone sufficient 
reason why such a journal as the ORCHID Review is an absolute necessity, 
A want of general scientific principles, however, is another reason, and I 
have no doubt that the ORcHID Review will greatly aid in solving the 
question of the “‘ nomenclature of hybrids,” I hope so; and the rules which 
you advocate appear to be all that is necessary, if loyally observed by all 
concerned. 

The ‘ History of Orchid Hybridisation” is capital, and greatly needed, 
and ‘“‘The Hybridist ” seems to be only a continuation of that work. May I 
suggest that ‘‘ The Hybridist ” should be a guidance to the hybridiser, in order 
that the result of his patience may be the production of a flower equal, if 
not superior in point of beauty, to the parents. 

It is generally acknowledged that the majority of hybrids are inferior to 
one or the other of the parents, sometimes both, while a comparatively few 
are recognised as great successes, and perhaps many of these have been 
obtained haphazard. Has not the hybridisation of Orchids generally been 
carried on in the dark, without any other principle than that of getting a 
hybrid? If so, why should it continue so in the future, now that we have 
the ORcHID Review? Could not good work be done in this direction if 
those having had experience could be induced to record the result of their 
observations? The beginner could then refer to what has been done in the 
past, and frame his footsteps accordingly. For instance, how to proceed in 
order to improve the sepals, petals, and lip, or the colour, shape, size, or 
any other special quality desired. Also whether the progency most 
frequently resemble the seed-bearing or pollen-producing parent, etc. 

I think a collection of general ideas on the subject would be very in- 
teresting and us-ful, together with hints as to when to effect a cross, 
the best methods of bringing the seeds to perfection, and of securing 
healthy germination. 

In addition to other seedlings which we have raised here, it may interest 
your readers to know that we have a healthy batch of about a dozen plants 
obtained by crossing Sobralia macrantha with the pollen of Cattleya gigas. 
sees H. A. BURBERRY. 

Highbury Gardens, Moor Green, Birmingham. 


‘We shall be only too pleased to publish such notes as Mr. Burberry 
mentions, if our readers will kindly send the results of their experiments. It 
may be that in some cases the work has been carried on without any very 
definite guiding principles, but this can hardly be said of many of the crosses 
effected at the present day. In the early days of hybridisation everything 
had to be discovered, but now we can benefit by the experience of our pre 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 367 


decessors, though much of it is not on record in an accessible form. We 
will endeavour to give some additional facts in an early number.—Eb.| 


CALENDAR OF OPERATIONS FOR DECEMBER. 
Pos ' By W. H. Wuire, Burford, Dorking. 

It is well known to all who have had experience in the cultivation of Orchids 
that abundance of light is indispensable to their well doing, and having now 
arrived at that period of the year when the least amount is at command, it 
becomes necessary to utilise it to the fullest extent. Immediately the large 
deciduous trees with which we are surrounded have cast off their leaves, we 
make it a practice to thoroughly wash all the houses, both inside and out. 
Here, where the atmosphere is nearly always clear, roof washing is only 
necessary once a year, but in the neighbourhood of large towns, where the 
atmosphere is charged with smoke, the houses will require more frequent 
cleansing on the outside. 

Previous to re-arranging the collection, the plants should be. carefully 
examined for any trace of insects, all dirt and dust sponged from the leaves, 
the pots washed—in fact, everything about the plants should be perfectly 
clean, for no plants present a more inviting appearance than Orchids where 
cleanliness and smart arrangement prevail. Orchid cleaning is tedious work, 
and only those who are interested in their welfare and have had some 
previous experience in the sponging of less valuable plants, should be trusted 
to clean the rare and choice varieties. It is no uncommon occurrence to 
see the leaves of such tender plants as Cypripedium bellatulum, niveum and 
concolor cracked, or those of Aérides, Vandas, Saccolabiums, etc., broken 
and split by careless and inexperienced workers, which disfigures the plants 
and causes much vexation to the grower, the damage being irreparable. 

In some collections there are houses where, through an inefficient 
heating apparatus, or an inadequate supply of piping, the proper tempera: 
- tures cannot be maintained during severe weather, except by continually 
driving the fires and keeping the pipes very hot, which is a great mistake, 
as Orchids quickly deteriorate under its dry dessicating influence. Unques- 
tionably it is of the greatest importance that Orchid growers should have 
ample means of heating the houses at command, as by having the requisite 
quantity of piping in each house, and keeping it fairly warm, a . - 
balmy and congenial atmosphere can be maintained than when the neating 
apparatus is inefficient. To assist in keeping up the temperatures In very 
cold weather, and at the same time to economise fire-heat, some eae 
leave their blinds up all the winter, so that they may be so a6 at nig te 
this purpose. But when used in this manner it frequently he — 
they are frozen so stiff that they cannot be pulled a4 woud 

: ; f the light, which is of so much 
o'clock, the plants thus losing the benefit o 4 


368 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


importance to them. Another objection is that the blinds become wet and 
frozen so often, that in pulling them up and down they get badly torn in a 
very short time, and are quite unfit for use when the sunny days return. 
It is far more economical to take them off, and thoroughly dry and 
store them away in a dry place until wanted again. The best substitute 
which I know of for covering the houses in cold weather is good Archangel 
mats, the ends of which may be neatly tied, and several sewn together in 
different lengths, as required for each house. These may easily be rolled 
along the lower part of the roof, which is the coldest part of the structure, 
at dusk, and taken off again at daylight the next morning. They should be 
secured in windy weather, and if during the night they become wet or 
frozen, they should be thawed and thoroughly dried before using again. 

In the East Indian house many of the Phalznopses are now pushing 
their flower-spikes, and will soon make a graceful and attractive display. 
The spikes should not be allowed to remain on too long, especially on small 
weakly plants, as nothing tends so much to weaken their constitution as over 
flowering. The safest plan with these smaller plants is to cut off the spikes 
immediately the terminal bud has opened. In and around London, where 
at this season dense sulphurous fogs frequently occur, causing such sad 
havoc with Phalznopsis flowers, the general practice is to cut off all the buds 
as they appear, and when the spike has become fully developed the top is 
pinched off, which causes it to send out a number of lateral shoots just below 
the part where the buds were taken off, these branchlets grow freely, and 
produce their lovely flowers in the early spring. months, when there is less 
tisk of fog. Some varieties, especially P. Lueddemanniana, frequently throw 
out young plants from the old flower stems, from which they may easily be 
propagated. The young plants should not be disturbed until they have 
formed at least two leaves and several roots, when they may be removed and 
placed in small pans or baskets. Or, ifa fine specimen is required, peg them 
_ down around the parent plant, and when they have become established, 
separate them, leaving a short piece of the old stem attached. 

Thave frequently been asked by Orchid growers of late the question— 
Where and how do you find Eulophiella Elisabethz do best? It is rather 
early yet to give accurate cultural directions, as this new and interesting 
plant has only been under our care for a short period, but I may state that 
we have plants growing very freely side by side with Phaius tuberculosus, 
and treated identically the same, as recommended on page 150 for that 
beautiful Orchid. 

It will be observed that plants of Dendrobium Cambridgeanum are now 
starting into growth. They should therefore be placed in more heat, and as 
the new roots protrude from the base of the young bulb, it will be necessary 
to treat them with copious supplies of water. This species is best managed 
in baskets or pans, suspended in the East Indian house, and when in bloom 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 369 


is always much admired. Those plants of D. Brymerianum and D. fimbria- 
tum, that are still in the midst of their growth, must be kept in the hottest 
division, and be liberally watered until the bulbs are matured. 

Such Dendrobiums as D. nobile, Linawianum, Wardianum, and crassi- 
node, and the pretty garden hybrids, D. x Ainsworthii, D. x euosmum, 
D. x Cassiope, D. x Aspasia, D. x Wardiano-japonicum, D. x endocharis, 
and others, that have their flower buds showing, may now be brought from 
the cool greenhouse or vinery, where they have been resting, into a little 
extra warmth. The Cattleya or intermediate temperature will suit them 
admirably until the flower buds are fully developed, when they should be 
placed on the lightest side of the East Indian house, to bring their flowers 
to perfection. Every care must be taken at this stage not to over-dose the 
plants with water, or the young growths will start away, and the flower buds 
turn yellow and fall off. This particularly applies to D. Wardianum and D. 
crassinode. They only require water at long intervals, at present. 

Among the Cattleyas that bloom in the late spring and early summer 
may be mentioned Cattleya Warneri. Plants of this species will now be 
showing signs of activity, both new growths and roots being pushing freely. 
They should now be placed at the warmest end of the Cattleya house, well 
elevated on inverted flower pots, to bring them as near the light as possible, 
and until growth is fully completed sufficient water should be given to keep 
the compost in a fairly moist condition. There are also other plants in this 
house which are in various stages of growth, such as Lelia crispa, L. pur- 
purata, etc., which must be watered with care and discretion during the cold 
dull months before us.. Of the long thin bulbed section, Lelia harpophylla 
will be growing fast, and some of the more forward are nearly finished up. 
These will at all times take plentiful supplies of water. When this species 
is completely at rest, it should be placed at the warmest and lightest part of 
the cool or Odontoglossum house. 

In large and varied collections there will always be found some plants 
that require»more pot room and fresh material to root into. Several 
Ccelogynes are now starting to grow, and may safely be tepotted, = G.elata, 
Rossiana, sulphurea, and gramminifolia, each of which will grow well in the 
usual mixture of peat and sphagnum. Give them plenty of space to root in, 
and abundance of water whilst growing, in fact they should never be allowed 
to become quite dry. As regards temperature, the intermediate house will 
suit i i s admirably. ; re 

he peter graceful ae when well bloomed is oo 

‘ i t been standing in a shady 
glumacea. This plant has for some time pas ‘ ‘ ote 
Part of the intermediate house ; here it should remain cena ae Bis ae d 
commence to push up, when it should be placed in the site sua a 
freely supplied with moisture, both at the root and overhead, whieh. 
help to keep down red spider, to which it is subject. ” 

24 


370 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


In nearly every garden where indoor plants are cultivated the old Cypri- 
pedium insigne will be found in bloom at this season. It has always 
been a general favourite amongst gardeners, owing to its vigorous con- 
stitution and easy culture, and as the handsome flowers remain fresh for a 
very long time, they are especially valuable for cutting and decorative pur- 
poses. At the present time there are a great number of C. insigne varieties 
in commerce, some of them better than others, and the best certainly deserve 
a place inthe most select collections. In C. insigne Maulei and Chantini 
we have varieties that will take a lot of beating, but undoubtedly the most 
beautiful and distinct variety yet seen is C. insigne Sanderz, which is, so far 
as at present known, only represented in three or four collections. 

The best time to repot C. insigne is immediately after flowering. It 
requires no special kind of compost, as I have seen it well grown and 
flowered when potted like an ordinary stove or greenhouse plant, and it will 
thrive in almost any house where frost is excluded, proper attention being 
given in the matter of watering, etc. 

Among the multitude of Cypripedium hybrids artificially raised in this 
country, C. x Leeanum, and its varieties superbum and giganteum, stand 
out conspicuously. These coming and flowering, as they do, at this season, 
are particularly welcome for brightening up the Orchid house. For this 
reason alone they should be grown in quantity. Like its parents, C. insigne 
and C. Spicerianum, it is a plant of easy culture, growing and flowering 
freely in the cool part of the intermediate house and deluged with water the 
whole year round. 


ORCHID PORTRAITS. 


GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE. 


CATTLEYA X CHLORIS. (See p. 339 of our last issue.)—-Oct. 28th, p- 
525, fig. 88. 7 

CIRRHOPETALUM ORNATISSIMUM, Rchb. f. A handsome species which was 
awarded a First-class Certificate by the Royal Horticultural Society on 
October 24th, when exhibited by Sir Trevor Lawrence.—Nov. 4th, p. 553> 
fig. oI. 

PAPHINIA GRANDIS, Rchb.f. The finest species in the genus.—Nov. 4th, 
pp. 560, 561, fig. 93. 

CaTTLEYA LABIATA, Lind].—Nov. 11th, pp- 585, 594, fig. 96. 


THE GARDEN. 


LYCASTE CRUENTA, Lindl. A hantlsome yellow-flowered species mis~ 
named “ L. aromatica”’ on the plate.—Oct. 28th, p. 394, t- 933+ 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 372 


GARDENERS’ MAGAZINE. 


Disa xX PREMIER. (See p. 339 of our last issue.)—Nov. 4th, p. 655, 
with figure. 


ILLUSTRATION HORTICOLE. 


CATTLEYA GuTTATA, Lindl., VAR. PERNAMBUCENSIS, Rod.—Vol. xl. p. 91, 
t. 184. 


JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE. 


CypRIPEDIUM x CHLonius. (See p. 374 of our present issue.) —Nov. 
and, pp. 344, 395, fig. 59. 

LELIO-CATTLEYA X PisANDRA. A handsome hybrid raised from Lelia 
crispa ? and Cattleya Eldorado 3, by Messrs. Veitch, which received a 
First-class Certificate from the Royal Horticultural Society, on October 
24th.—Nov. and, pp. 394, 407, fig. 60, 

CYPRIPEDIUM X STATTERIANUM. (See p. 373 of our present issue).— 
Nov. goth, p. 417, fig. 61. 

CarrLeya x Lorp Rotuscuitp. A handsome hybrid raised by Messrs. 
F. Sander and Co., of St. Albans, from C. Gaskelliana 2 and C. Dowiana 
aurea 7, which received a First-class Certificate from the Royal Horti- 
cultural Society on October 24th.—Nov. gth, pp. 417, 425, fig. 62. 

LINDENIA. 

ZYGOPETALUM GRANDIFLORUM, Hemsl. A remarkable species.—t. 393- 

LYCASTE CINNABARINA, Rolfe. The handsome species described at page 
303 of our October issue.—t. 394. 

CATTLEYA VELUTINA, Rchb. f.—t. 395- 

VANDA TRICOLOR, Lindl, var. Hove#, L. Lind.—A handsome light- 
coloured variety.—t. 396. 


CONTINENTAL NOTES. 
By C. DE BOSSCHERE. 


NoTWITHSTANDING the cold weather, some fine Orchids were exhibited at 
the Brussels Exhibition on November 12th, including about twenty 
Magnificent varieties of Cattleya labiata from M. A. A. Peeters, and an 
interesting collection of Cypripediums from M. J. Moens. aa. Joles “_ 
also sent a fine Odontoglossum X macrospilum, and Cypripedium * 
miniatum, a very pretty hybrid from C. Spicerianum ? and Ca 
num ¢. 


At the Ghent meeting there was also a good display of showy things; 


372 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


among which we may note—Cypripedium x Dauthieri Vervaetianum, a very 
fine form from Mm. Edm. Vervaet et Cie; a strong plant of Vanda 
coerulea from M. Jules Hye, with two racemes of fifteen to twenty large 
and handsome flowers; a remarkable Cypripedium Haynaldianum from 
M. Jules de Cock, with twelve flowers, and others. 

The Orchidéene, of Brussels, also held a very successful meeting. M. 
Bleu, of Paris, exhibited his handsome hybrids Lelia x juvenilis, Cattleya 
x Parthenia aurea, and Lelio-cattleya x amcena superba. M. Treyeran 
sent Lelia preestans of extraordinary size. Besides which, Messrs. Linden, 
M. A. Vanimschoot, and others sent some showy things. 

In the houses of M. A. Van Imschoot, of Ghent, are many interesting 
rarities of various kinds, and at the Horticulture Internationale a splendid 
display of the old Cattleya labiata—nearly a thousand flowers in a single 
house, besides many other fine things. 


<0 


ORCHIDS AT THE ROYAL HORTICULTURAL 
SOCIETY. 


- By JoHN WEATHERS. 


THE display on October 24th was an exceedingly fine one, its predomi- 
nating feature being, without doubt, the fine masses of Cattleya labiata 
brought from all parts. 

Sir Trevor Lawrence, Bart., President R.H.S., exhibited a strong plant 
of Cirrhopetalum ornatissimum, which gained a First-class Certificate on 
account of its beauty. Cypripedium x conco-Lawre was again shown. 

W. M. Appleton, Esq., F.R.H.S., Tyn-y-Coed, Weston-super-Mare, 
received an Award of Merit for his beautiful rose-and-white variety of 
Dendrobium Phalznopsis, and also for Cattleya labiata, in addition to 
which he sent a fine C x Hardyana. 

J. T. Bennett-Poé, Esq., F.R.H.S., Holmewood, Cheshunt, exhibited a 
chaste variety of Odontoglossum Rossii majus. 

A Silver Gilt Banksian medal was won by Messrs. Charlesworth, Shuttle- 
worth and Co., Heaton, Bradford, who staged a fine group of Cattleya labiata, 
C. Schofieldiana, Oncidium undulatum and the new Cypripedium Charles- 
worthii. : 

Walter C. Clark, Esq., F.R.HS., Orleans House, Sefton Park, Liver- 
pool, exhibited Cattleya labiata and Cypripedium insigne Clarkei, which 
latter received an Award of Merit, being a beautiful and distinct form. 

Mrs. H. Grinling, F.R.H.S., Harrow Weald House, Stanmore, Middlesex 
(gr. Mr. W. Rapley), exhibited four strong plants of Cypripedium insigne- 

Messrs. Heath and Son, Cheltenham, obtained an Award of Merit for 4 
beautiful soft greenish-yellow Cypripedium insigne albens, the upper sepal 


_ Albans, for a group in whic 


group, for which.a Silver Gilt Ban 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 373 


of which was of a pure white from the middle upwards. Lelia x Euterpe 
(L. crispa @ x L. pumila Dayana 2), a hybrid with beautiful purple lip, was 
also shown. 

Messrs. J. Laing and Sons, of Forest Hill, exhibited, among a large group 
of ornamental stove and greenhouse plants, several Cattleya labiata, Onci- 
dium Forbesii, Dendrobium Phalenopsis Schrcederianum, Cypripedium 
Spicerianum, and Pleione Lagenaria. 

A Silver Banksian medal was granted to Messrs. Lewis and Co., South- 
gate, N., for a group, in which Cattleya labiata, Lelia x elegans, L. Perrinii, 
Oncidium crispum, and O. ornithorrhynchum were chiefly noticeable. 

Messrs. Linden, Parc Leopold, Brussels, again exhibited a large collec- 
tion, containing some remarkable things. Among them were Cattleya 
Warocqueana Imschootiana, and Paphinia cristata, each of which received 
an Award of Merit. A Botanical Certificate was given to the beautiful 
sweet-scented Pholidota convallarioides (a most appropriate specific name !), 
and also to the remarkable Dendrobium lamellatum, with broad flat pseudo- 
bulbs and creamy flowers. Besides these may be mentioned Odontoglossum 
Mooreanum (doubtless a natural hybrid between O. polyxanthum and O. 
tripudians), and Maxillaria callichroma with large white and golden flowers. 

H. Little, Esq., The Barons, Twickenham, exhibited Cattleya labiata, 
Cypripedium x Lemoinerianum, and C. Rothschildianum (to which the 
name Nicholsianum was attached). 

Messrs. Hugh Low and Co., Clapton, received a Silver Bahksian medal 
for a collection both large and beautiful, and containing several Cattleyas 
including C. Bowringiana ; Phalzenopsis denticulata, the flowers pale yellow 
with brown transverse bars; several forms of Cypripedium bellatulum, C. 
Haynaldianum, etc. 

- G. D. Owen, Esq., F.R.H.S., Selwood, Rotherham (gr. mar M. Watts), 
exhibited Cattleya labiata alba, and the beautiful Selwood variety of Cattleya 
x Hardyana, which received an Award of Merit. mt 

G. J. Poston, Esq., F.R.H.S., Bishopsford, Mitcham, exhibited ‘a fine 
Cattleya Bowringiana, and a beautiful mauve-lilac form which I believe 1s 
know as var. lilacina. 

A Silver Flora Medal was the award to Messrs. F. Sander and Co., St. 
h the new Cattleya x Lord Rothschild (C. 


Gaskelliana 2 x C. Dowiana aurea), and the deep purple C. labiata 


-Sanderiana each obtained a First-class Certificate. 


Thomas Statter, Esq., F.R.H-S., Stand Hall, Whitefield, Manchester, 
k brown lipped Cypripedium x 


exhibited a deep rose-purple sepalled and dar od C; 
Statterianum (C. Spicerianum magnificum yx Cx vexillarium superbum 
2), which received a First-class Certificate. 

Messrs. J. Veitch and Sons, ‘King’s Road, C 
ksian medal was awarded. 


helsea, exhibited a large 
A First-class 


374 _ THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


Certificate was given to the remarkably fine Selenipedium x Clonius (S. 
conchiferum ? x Uropedium Lindeni 3), with a large chaste lip and long 
tapering petals. Lzlio-cattleya x Pisandra (L. crispa? x C. Eldorado 4), 
received a similar award. The plant bore three large and beautiful rose- 
purple flowers, the lips of which were of an intense velvety purple. Besides 
these may be mentioned L.-C. x Cassiope (L. pumila 2 x C. x exoniensis 2), 
L.-C. x Eumeza (C. Triane 2? x L. majalis $), the noble Cattleya x 
Harrisii (C. Leopoldi 2 x C. Mendeli g), the rich purple and white Cypri- 
pedium T. B. Haywood, the greenish Selenipedium Boissierianum, as well 
as several Oncidiums. 

The meeting held on November 14th was a very successful one, in spite 
of the damp and foggy weather which prevailed. A large number of Orchids 
were staged, and five Medals were awarded for good collections, most of 
which contained fine forms of Cattleya labiata, Cypripedium insigne, C. 
Spicerianum, C. x Leeanum, and some others. Hybrid Cypripediums, as 
usual, were present in force. 

R. I. Measures, Esq., Cambridge Lodge, Camberwell (gr. Mr. H. Chap- 
man), received a Silver Flora Medal for a very fine group, comprising the 
beautiful Cypripedium insigne Sanderz, the very similar variety Ernesti, 
C. i. radiatum, the dorsal sepal unspotted but rayed with light purple-brown 
near the base, and the Cambridge Lodge variety, with large spots; also C. 
Exul and C. Argus. Of the hybrids we may mention—C. x Indra (C. callo- 
sum x C. villosum 3), C. x Carrierei (C. venustum ? x C. superbiens 8), 
C. x Celeus (C. insigne Chantini ¢ x C.villosum $), C. x Bellona (C. villo- 
sum ? x C. x Spicerianum 3), C. x T. B. Haywood, etc., also a variety of 
other interesting and showy Orchids. 

Messrs. F. Sander and Co., St. Albans, also staged a fine group, for 
which a Silver Medal was awarded. It contained a fine lot of Cattleya 
labiata, several plants of Calanthe x Victoria-Reginz, the white C. x Cook- 
soni, C. x Sandhurstiana, Restrepia antennifera, Cypripedium Chamber- 
lainianum, C. x Burberryana (C. Boxallii 9 x C. x plunerum 8), a fine 
dark form, C. x Joseph Donat (C. x Ashburtonize 2 x C. Spicerianum 4), 
C. x Alcides superbum, with much spotted dorsal sepal, C. x Leeanum 
James Hamilton, a fine form which received an Award of Merit, C. x 
picturatum, etc., a pretty dark form of Odontoglossum Rossii, called rosa- 
ceum, Dendrobium Fairfaxii, and many other good things. 

Messrs. B. S. Williams and Son, Upper Holloway, also received a Silver 
Flora Medal for an effective group, including the charming Comparettia 
macroplectron, Odontoglossum Harryanum, varieties of Lycaste Skinnerl, 4 
large number of hybrid Cypripediums, etc. 

Messrs. Hugh Low and Co., Clapton, staged an interesting group, which 
received a Silver Banksian Medal. It included a plant of the beautiful 
Cattleya x Massaiana with a raceme of three flowers; the remarkable 


THE ORCHID REVIEW. 375 


Stanhopea Lowii, which received an Award of Merit; Miltonia Roezlii, 
Cynorchis Lowii, Cypripedium bellatulum, Lelia purpurata Russelliana, and 
others. 

Messrs. W. L. Lewis and Co., Southgate, also received a Silver Banksian 
Medal for an effective group, which included Cattleya maxima, C. Bowring- 
jana, C. Warscewiczii, Cynorchis grandiflora, Trichosma suavis, the rare 
Dendrobium Palpebre, D. Phalznopsis Schroederianum, various Cypri- 
pediums, etc. 

Messrs. James Veitch and Sons, Chelsea, exhibited their fine new Leelio- 
cattleya x Statteriana, which received a First-class Certificate, the superb 
L.-c. x Pallas, Cypripedium x Euryades (C. x Leeanum ¢ x C. Boxallii 2) 
C. x CEnone, C. x T. B. Haywood, C. x microchilum, and others. 

J. Foster Alcock, Esq., Northchurch, Berkhampstead, exhibited a plant 
of Odontoglossum x Wilckeanum. 

E. Ashworth, Esq., Harefield Hall, Wilmslow, received an Award of 
Merit for Cypripedium x Ashworthiz, said to have been derived from C. x 
Leeanum superbum @ and C. x selligerum majus ¢, which was like a fine 
form of the former, there being scarcely a trace of the influence of the pollen 
parent. 

Frederick M. Burton, Esq., Highfield, Gainsborough, showed Cypri- 
pedium x suffusum (C. Lowii ? x C. Hookere 4), C. x enfieldense, and 
two others. oh 

Walter C. Clark, Esq., Orleans House, Sefton Park, Liverpool, exhibited 
Cypripedium x Wallaertianum aureum, and C. x Harri-Leeanum (C. 
Harrisianum superbum ? X C. x Leeanum superbum @). — 

Lord Cowper, Panshanger, Hertford (gr. Mr. Fitt), exhibited Cypripedium 
x Leeanum and a plant from the same seed-pod very similar to C. Spiceri- 
anum. ~° : 

G. Hardy, Esq., Timperley, Cheshire (gr. Mr. Holmes), sent spikes of 
Cattleya labiata and Lelia anceps. 

G. W. Law-Schofield, Esq., New Hall Hey, Rawtenstall, Manchester, 
showed a fine pan of Pleione maculata alba with a dozen flowers, which 
received an Award of Merit. ; 

F. S. Moseley, Esq., of West Strand, exhibited Cattleya Dormaniana. 

T. Statter, Esq., Stand Hall, Manchester (gr. Mr. J ohnson), exhibited a 
very fine and showy Cypripedium x southgatense (C. bellatulum aie 
C. x Harrisianum 3), which was awarded a First-class Certificate, Cux 
Swinburnei, Stand Hall variety, an improved form which received an Award 
of Merit, C. x Adriadne (C. Spicerianum ? x C. x selligerum majus 4), the 
dark C. x rubescens (C. x cenanthum superbum ¢ X C. Boxallii f), and a 
spike of Lelia tenebrosa. 

E. H. Woodhall, Esq., St. Nicholas House, 
plant of Cypripedium insigne albo-purpureum. 


Scarborough, sent a fine 


376 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 


CORRESPONDENCE, &c. 


H. J. Ross, Esq, aes Italy, sends a very fine Cypripedium callosum, under the 
varietal name of Rossianum. Cypripedium Volonteanum, we believe, is only a local variety 
of C. Hookerz, and ‘a been described as such. Mr. Ross purchased a lot of several 
plants at Protheroe and Morris’s Rooms, in March, 1891, and states that one proved to be 
C. Hookerz, but all the rest C. Bullenianum. We do not know if the two grow intermixed. 

In the Burford collection is a fine plant of Selenipedium Schlimii, now bearing thirteen 
spikes, several of them branched ones, and numerous flowers; also Vanda Amesiana with 
seven spikes, Cattleya Dormaniana with seven flowers ; a very fine Cypripedium X cenan- 
thum superbum with eight flowers, and C. x Niobe with four. Eulophia maculata and the 
rare Dendrobium cymbidioides are also in flower. 

Mr, W. Hough, gr. to M. Lambarde, Esq., Beechmont, Sevenoaks, sends a flower of a 
handsome Cattleya which was purchased as C. Dowiana. It is a form of C. x Hardyana, 
almost identical in shape with the species just named, but the sepals are beautifully veined, 
suffused and mottled with rosy purple. The lip is very deeply coloured, but less veined 
than in C., Dowiana. Thus it chiefly approaches C. Warscewiczii, the other parent, in 
colour. The forms of this superb natural hybrid are becoming rather numerous. 

J. T., Ashford. The cause of the bulbs of Miltonia vexillaria rotting may have been over- 
watering when the plants were at rest 

An exceptionally fine form of Vanda ccerulea comes from T. R. Watt, Esq., with flowers 
nearly four inches in diameter, hinge reticulated with deep blue. It is one of Burmese 
forms imported by Messrs. Hugh Low a 

Lzlia tenebrosa, Little’s variety, aa the collection of H. Little, Esq., of Twickenham, 
is a fine large fier, with flowers seven inches across, and the sepals and petals quite 
horizontal. The colour is about typical. 


ERRATA. 
P. 351. Cypripedium X amandum was derived from C. insigne and C. venustum. 


P. 352. Cypripedium Fairieanum was the pollen parent of C. X Arthurianum 
pulchellum. 


TO OUR READERS. 

WHEN, a year ago, we announced our intention to publish an illustrated 
monthly journal devoted entirely to Orchids, we received a large number of 
letters of good wishes and promises of support ; in some cases from quite 
unknown correspondents. The programme announced at the outset has 
been steadily adhered to, so far as circumstances permitted, and with the 
present number we complete our first volume. We desire to thank our 
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in various ways they have accorded us, and at the same time solicit a con- 
tinuance ‘of their sympathy and support in the future. We would par- 
ticularly request them to make the work as widely known as possible, and 
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_ to introduce improvements in the work. The success hitherto attained has 
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and important features, and no effort shall be wanting on our part to make 
the work both interesting and useful to all lovers of these charming plants, 


ine 
is 


INDEX. 


_ AERIDES ae oe S307 = Redispirsi - 


Lawrencez and var. Sanderia 
Peete 288 ; lepidum, a6 <. Lobbii 
164 ; Dy hee 163; platychilum, 178 
Ames, F. L., dea 
Anguloa x ‘cameeue 40,229; X media, 
40, 197 
Angrzecum bistortum, 178 
Anectochilus x Dominii, 5 
Ansellia nilotica Rossiana, 199 


BEATON and his methods, 138 

Beetle, as fertiliser, 271 ; 

Bletia Xx elegans, 237; X euspatha, 238 ; 
Godseffiana, 178; X irrorata, 238; X 
Schilleriana, 238 

Bois, Les Orchidées, 168 

Bollea Lalindei, 322; Patini, 322 
Bolus Icones Austro-Africanarum extra- 
tropicarum, 270 

Bowring, John C., death of, 213 

Brachionidium Sherringii, 76 

Brassia_bidens, -208 ; Lanotne ee 

_ 208 ; Lewisii, 199 

Res iian Orchids, figures of, 42 

British Hybrid Orchid, 34 

British Orchids at Rosefield, area 234 

Bulbophyllum comosum, 60; Ericssoni, 362; 
longispicatum, 362; racemosum, 176 ; 
Sanderianum, 76; spathaceum, 267 ; 


Burlingtonia pubescens, 338 


eee hybrids at Burford, 14 

Calanthe x Barberiana, 70; a 735 
x Dominii, 35 x. gigas, 61,. 86; Xx 
_lentiginosa, 100 
porphyrea, 101 ; x Sandhurstiana, 3 
xX sanguinaria, 132; X Sedeni, one 
. Veitchii, 4 

Calendar of operations, 24, gat 89, 119, 148, 
179, 215, 248, “ie 310, 343, 367 

Catasetum Claesianum, m, 3623 Imschootianum, 
362; cachitins ‘feeake of, 257.296 - 


Cattleya x Aclandi-Loddigesii, 5 ; Alexandre, 
12, 290, 320; X ameena 
310; X Ashtoniana, 350; X Ba 
260 ; Batalini, 286; Bowringiana lilacina, 
373; X Brabantiz, 5; X Burberryana, 357 ; 
x calummata, 99; X Cassandra, 259; 
x Chamberlainiana, 71, 108; xX Chloris, 
339, 3523 citrina, cool treatment of, 
231; X Citrino-intermedia, 44, 228; X 
Devoniana, 5; X devoniensis, 5; X 
Dominiana, 4, 108; X elegans, 237; X 
Empress Frederick, 44 ; X exoniensis, 5 ; 
fausta, 37; X felix, 35; X fimbriata, 325 ; 
Xx flaveola, 228; Gaskelliana picta, 107 ; 
Xx guatemalensis, 134, 289 ; X Hardyana, 
320, 376; X Harold, 188; xX Harrisii, 
133; X hybrida, 4; intermedia picturata, 
198; iricolor, 44, 63; X intricata, 36; X 
Johnsoniana, 350; Kimballiana, 22 256; 
x Krameriana, 2; labiata, 290, 329, 364, 
372 ; labiata alba, 8, 30, 321; l. elegans, 
8, 360; x. leucoglossa, 357 ; 
Rothschild, 373; X Lowryana, 3253. 
Se 5; X Mardelli,68; x eke: 
Mendelii (Fig. 14), 2733 M. 


256 ; M., Quorndon House var., sold for 
220 guineas, 226; xX Minucia, 357; x 

x Mitchelli, 40; 
Mossiz Hardyana, 263; Parthenia, 
i x Pheidona, 
oe 3633, x gee and var. albiflora, 


ard 285 ; Trianz and varieties, 49 ; 
riophthalma, 101; X Vedasti, 3233 
ickoria: Reine, 9; 19; Warneri, 
“habitat of, 328; Warscewiczii autumnalis, 
48; Warscewiczii Franconvillensis, 268 ; 
x William Murray, 167 ; X Zenobia, 196 
Chysis X Chelsoni, 38; X Sedeni, 69 
Cirrhopetalum Brienianum, 1765 ornatissi- 
‘mum, 372; robustum, 175. 


378 


Clare Lawn Collection, 78 

Ccelogyne barbata, a fine, 364; borneensis, 
176; Clarkei, 240 ; cristata, 163; Dayana, 
fine specimen, 162 ; tenuis, 267 

Continental Notes, 62, 93, 124, 184, 221, 284, 


310, 371 

‘Correspondence, 64, 96, 128, 160, 192, 224, 
256, 288, 320, 352, 376 

Coryanthes elegantium, 264; leucocorys, 
225; macrocorys, 10; Mastersiana, 264; 
Wolfii, 257, 264 

Crawshay, De B., his Collection, 230 

Cycnoches cucullatum, 166; Loddigesii, 
165 ; pentadactylon, 60, (Fig. 47°73, 162, 
187, 258; Pescatorei, 240; Rossianum, 


eburneo-Lowianum, 260; 
grandiflorum, 65 ; grandiflorum punctatum, 
200; Tracyanum, 45; X Winnianum, 22, 
356, (Fig. 18) 361 

Cynorchis grandiflora, 59, 60 

Cypripedium seedlings at Burford, 15 

Cypripedium x Adonis, 318, 328, 351 ; 
Adrastus, 358; x Adriadne, 375; xX 
fEson, 61 ; album, 269; X Alcides, 326; 
x Alfred, 294; x Alice, 294; X almum, 
196; X amabile, 328 ; x amandum, 196; 


; X Apollo, 295 
pletonianum, 115; x Arete, 32; x Ar- 
noldianum, 294; X Arthurianum, 38, (Fig. 
16) 305; X A. pulchellum, 352, 359, 376; 
x Ashburtonie, 37 ; x Ashworthiz, 375; 
x Ashworthii, 359; x Atys, 259; xX 
auroreum, 195; X Aylingii, 185, 223, 294; 
xX barbato-superbiens, 326 ; 


Berenice, 323 + x 
rea ese 259; X Bijou, 359; Box- 
allii, a curio 106; X Bradshawianum, 
a55 3 = Sineaicianlir 327; X Brownii, 
326; X Bryan, 126; x Bryani, 359; x 

Buchanianum, 291 ; Bullenianum Apple- 
urberryanum, 159, 
374; X burfordiense, 259; x calanthum, 
70; X caligare, 259; x calophyllum, 71; 
x calurum, 70; X Calypso, 327 ; cana 

dense, 269; X cardinale, 81 ; eae: 
sianum, 319, 328; x Gaetan 37455 xX 
Cassiope, 263; x Castleanum, 3265" X< 
Cecilia, 350; x Celeus, 374; xX Celia, 
327; X Ceres, 327; Chamberlainianum, 
9, 72, 110; C. Victoria-Marie, 188 ; 
Charlesworthii, 289, 303, (Frontispiece) 
3553; X Charles Canham, 133; x Charles 


INDEX. 


Cypripedium— 
Rickman, 1883; X_ chelseense, -228; x 
chloroneuron, 70; X claptonense, 262 ; 
xX Cleola, 326; X Cleopatra, 359; x 
Clinkaberryanum, 246; x Clotilde 
Moens, 284, 319; X compactum, 157; X 
conchiferum, 71; X conco-Lawre, 15, 94; 
c.-L., two flowers fused together, 351; X 
conspicuum, 227; xX Constableanum, 118; 
x corbeillense, 212; 
» 327; X Cowleyanum, 
359; X Creon, 61, 327; X Crethus, 359 ; 
xX Crossianum, 37; xX Cythera, 295; X 
Daisyxz, 359; X Dauthieri, 
Daviesianum, 95; X decorum, 359; X 
delicatulum, 196; xX Desboisianum, 295 ; 
x De Witt Smith, 262; x Diana, Pal 
x Dibdin, 118; x doliare, 196; xX D 
minianum, 35; X Doris, 295; X Ed. 
wardii, (Fig. 2) 23, 286, 317, 320; X Edith 
Winn, 308, 359; X Electra, 259; X 
Elinor, 294 ; X enfieldense, 327; X X e. 
Hebe, 309; x Engelhardte, 327; X En- 
sign, 359; X Erato, 118; x Eucharis, 
87; x Euryades, 375; X Euryale, 262; 
x euryandrum, 38; Xx eurylochus, 359; 
x Evenor, 188, 358; Exul, 9; X Eyer- 
manianum, 295; X Eyermanianum var. 
Diana, 309; Fairieanum, 14; X Fairieano- 
Lawrenceanum, 307; X Fausianum, 286 5 


Ganesa, 308, 319; X Gaskellianum, 85 x 
gemmiferum, 71;  Germinyanum viola- 
ceum, 147; X giganteum, 316; X gigas, 
359; Godseffianum, 259; x Greyanum, 
159; X G.S. Ball, 359; x Harri-Leeanum, 
375; X Harrisianum, 6; X Harrisi-froye, 
286; X H. Ballantine, 295; X Hebe, 119, 
319; X Hecla, 359; X hephestus, sy 
xX Hera, 295; 
Huybrechtianum, 128 ; 
x Indra, 374; insigne, a fine specimen, 
30 ; at Bridge Hall, Bury, 3653 i- albens, 
373; i. Ernesti, 362; i. radiatum, 374; 1. 
Sanderz, 363; i. Sanderianum, (Fig. ! 10) 
145; X lo, 131; X javanico-Spicerianum, 
323; X javanico-superbiens, 102; x pee 
sonianum, 31; x Joseph Donat, 374 ; 
Juno, 327 ; X Kramerianum, 326; ase 
cadei, 102 ; Nymphe, 359; * 
Lathamianum, 227; < Lawrebel, 15; 3515 
359; X Lawre-conco, 286; x Leda, 114 
359; X Ledouxiez, 117; X Leeanum 
101; X Lemoinierianum, 228; X Leone, 


Se OO Sy ee ae een ae ee 


INDEX. 


Cypripedium— 
318; X leucorrhodum, 102, 169; x lineo- 
lare, 196; X lucidum, 68; x L’ Unique, 
318; xX lutescens, 51; X Lynchianum, 
31; .x Macfarlanei, 326;  macrochilum, 
326; X macropterum, 100; x Madame 
Cappe, 31¢ ; X Madame Gibez, 211; x 
Malyanum, 327 ; X marmorophyllum, 40; 
x Marshallianum, 39; X Massaianum, 
225, 245, 255, 286; x Mauriceanum, 
x Maynardii iB xX meirax, 70; 
melanophthalmum, 70; x Melanthus, at 
X memoria Moensii, 97 ; X microchilum, 
100; X Minerva, 263; x miniatum, 371; 
x Morganiz, 46,70; x M. burfordiense, 
14, ae 3) 41; X Mrs. Canham, 134; X 
. D. Owen, 359; X Mrs. Warren 
ki »117; Xmulus,244; X Muriel Holling- 
ton, 327; X Murillo, 147; neo-guineense, 
320; Nicholsonianum, 373; X Niobe, (Fig. 
1)7,294; Xnitens, 68 ; niveum radians, 318 ; 
x Northumbrian, 294; Xx Numa, 295 ; 
X obscurum, 196; X cenanthum, 39; X 
(Enone, 295; X ceno-superbiens, 286, 
318; X Orestes, 259; X Orion, 61; X 
orphanum, 131; X Orpheus, 326; X 
Othello, 295; x Pageanum, 228; X 
Pallas, 327; x Paris, 87, (Fig. 6) 88, 288; 
X Parksianum, 359; X patens, 68; 
xX Paulii, 147; paulistanum, 239; 
pavoninum, 259; xX Peetersianum, 227 ; 
'X Penelaus, 61; xX 
32; ™& picturatum, 319; X 
Pitcherianum, 262; xX pleistochlorum, 
196; X plunerum, 196; X politum, 70; 
X Pollettianum, 326; x polystigmaticum, 
9, 227; X porphyreum, 68; Xx porphy- 
rochlamys, 1o1, (Fig. 7) 105; X por- 
phyrospilum, 69; prastans, 15, 320; 
a: Payche, 49309. 2X 4 hae apse 
xX radiosum, 102; R 
262 ; Rothschildianum, 
x Rowallianum, 

5 Sallieti,' 102; x 
Sanderiano-superkinnk 307; X Sandero- 
Superbiens, 317 ; X Saundersianum, 13! ; 

avageanum, 228; X Sedeni (name 
omitted in text), 37; x Seegerianum, 
228 ; X selligerum, 99 ; X southgatense, 
375; spectabile, 269; culture of, 103 ; 
Statterianum, 373; Stonei Can- 
naertianum, 255; Stonei platytenium, 


14, 46; X suffusum, 375 ; X superciliare,. 


39; X Swanianum, 39; x Swinburnei, 
375; X Sylvia, 212; x Tacita, 119; X 


| 


it 


379 


T. B. Haywood, 
262 ; X Telemachus, 359; X Tennyson, 
364; X tessellatum, 38 ; x Thayerianum, 
288 ; X The Duke, 95 ; xX The Gem, 
359; X Tityus, 358; tonsum, 2 
triumphans, 316; X Tryonianum, 285 ; 
x T. W. Bond, 158; X Umlauftianum, 
286 ; X (unnamed), x Vanhout- 
teanum, 259; X variopictum, 227; X 
venusto-Spicerianum, 59, 263 ; 
xium, 69; X Vervaetianum, 
Saige: - (Fig. 15) 297; X oe 
2 ‘illosum Gortoni, 773 Vv. 
chatiiioninieee 304; X Vipani, 294; X 
V. roseum, 245; Volonteanum, 376 ; 
x Watsonianum, 244 ; illiamsia- 
num, 100; X Winnianum, 131; xX 
Youngianum, 295; X Zampa, 118 


to 

th 

Co 
- 


? 


DELL Collection, 43 


| Dendrobium hybrids at Burford, 16 


Dendrobium x Adrasta, 358; X AZneas, 


B 19; 
steed, 82; X barbatulo-chlorops, 12 
x Benita, 116; X Bryan, 157; x bur- 
fordiense, 29, 85; X Cassiope, 293; 
cheltenhamense, 125, 212; X chlorostele, 
16, 197 ; X c. Owenianum, 86; X chryso- 
discus, 16, 196; X crassinodi- Wardianum, 
1753 crepidatum, 112; cretaceum, I12; 
crumenatum, 47; x Cybele, 196; Devo- 
nianum candidulum, 16; X oe 
36; X dulce, 358; X endocharis, 39 3 
euosmum, 102; X Euryalus, 128 ; : 
Euryclea, 358; Dendrobium Falconeri, 
fine specimen, 256; fimbriatum, refuses 
to cross, 17; Harveyanum, 16; x Juno, 
294; X Leechianum, 100; lituiflorum 
candidum, 16 ; X Luna,294; X melanodis- 
cus, 16, 197; X melanophthalmum, 175 ; 
x Mentor, eae x micans, 69; X murrhi- 
eo-guineense, 320 ; 
Niobe, 146; nobile 
n. Ballianum, 115; 
Owenianum, 95; Parishii, 111; Parishii 
albens, 16; Pierardii, 111; X polyphloe- 
bium, 111; primulinum, 112; X Reeblin- 
gianum, 211; X Rolfex, 357; * rhodo- 
ti 111, 112; X rhodostoma, 39; 
x Ru , 148; xX San ndere, 96; 
se cect ciasteni 133 ; secundum, its Sore 
used for fishing, 82; X Sibyl, 157; x 


380 


Dendrobium— 
splendidissimum, 69; X striatum, 358 ; 

X Venus, 293; X Waltoni, 175; X W 

no-aureum, 138, 262; X xanthocentron, 


293 

Disa ferruginea, 271 ; graminifolia, 270; in- 
carnata, 10; X kewensis, 193, 21 
Premier, 339, 351; tripetaloides aurata, 
271; X Veitchii, 194, 323 

Duuris maculata, 94 

Dominy, John, and his work, 36 

Dyed Orchid flowers, 226 


EPICATTLEYA X guatemalensis, 134, 289 


Epidendrum x dellense, 44, 324 ; eburneum, | 


272; X Endresio-Wallisii, 104, 128, 356; 
Forgetianum, 224 ; Laucheanum, 176 ; x 
O’Brienianum, 227; Palmeri, 77; pum 
lum, 267 ; 
288 
gpa x — 116, 291 
ria albiflor, 
Eulophiella eke 194, 207, 234, 283, 


GALEANDRA nivalis, 274 
Generic Hybrids, 66 
Ghent Show, 64, 97, I 
Gongora PuaHeavontis, 198 
Goodyera X Dominii, 4; x Veitchii, 4 
Grammangis Ellisii, 223 
Grammatophyllum speciosum, 18 


9, 155 


HABENARIA carnea, 10, 318; cinnabarina, 
268, 350; militaris, 351; culture of, 83 
Habenari-orchis X viridi-maculata, 34 
Hardy Orchids from seed, 246 
Highbury Collection, 107 
Holothrix orthoceras, 126 
Hybridisation, History of, 3, 35, 67, 99, 131, 
195, 227, 259 291, 323, 35 
Hybridisation at Rosefield, Sevenoaks, 232 
Hybrid Orchid, quickest to flower, 193 
Hybrid Orchids, 366 
Hybrids and the use of the “ x,” 98 
Hybrid Vanda, 226 


L&LIA X Amesiana, 101; anceps highburien- 

sis, 109; X Batemaniana, 131; x bella, 
101; X Brysiana, 237; X casts, 995 ; 
x caloglossa, 35 ; x Canhamiana, 102 

_ Crawshayana, 230, 232; crispilabia v var., 
223; X Dominiana, 36; x elegans, 237 

- X elegans, vars. alba, be erteng: Stelz- 


tricolor, 177 ; vitellinum ce: 


| 
- 


INDEX. 


zelia— 
neriana, Warneri, and Wolstenholmia, 
238; X euspatha, 238; X Euterpe, si 
Finckeniana, 30; X flammea, 38; gran 
x Horniana, 228; z 
irrorata, 238; X juvenilis, 293; xX La- 
tona, 357; X lilacina, 132; Lucasiana, 
265; X Measuresiana, 238; x Mylamiana, 
40; X Novelty,.134; xX Oweniana, 212, 
357; X pachystele, 237; x Philbrickiana, 
69; X Pilcheri, 5, 132; X porphyritis, 
44; purpurata discolor, 199; x Schil- 
leriana, 238 ; X Sedeni, 67; X Stelzne- 
riana, 238 ; tenebrosa, 146 ; t. Little’s var., 
376; t. Marlfield var., 200; t. Walton 
Grange var., 268, 287; x Timorra, 196 ; 
x Tresederiana, 227; X Veitchiana, 35 ; 
Xx vitellina, 126; virens, 8; x Warneri, 


238 
Lzelio-cattleya X albanense, 339; X amoena, 
: x Arnoldiana, 323; X Ascania, 167 ; 
x Aurora, 261 ; X Baroness Schroder, 357; 
x Behrensiana, 325; X blessensis, es 4 
x Brymeriana, 21; X Canhamie, 292 5 
eres 261; X claptonensis, 96, 222, 
357 ; x Clive, a8 x Digbyano-Mossiz, 
44, 260 ; x elegans, 235; ©. Turneri, 317 5 4 


mia, 292; 
lyta, 292; x Ingrami, 357; X Kranzlinii, 
350; X Marriottiana, 357; * Maynardil, 
96, 193, 213; X Novelty, 288; xX Nysa, 
307, 325; X_ Philbrickiana, 286 ; 
Pheebe, 357; X Pisandra, 374; * Pro- 
serpine, 292; .X purpurato- -intermedia, 
237 > purpurato-Leopoldi, 235; x 
Sandere, 350, 363; X Schilleriana, 235 
238; X Statteriana, 375; X Stella, 2 
Lawrence, Sir Trevor, elected pee of 
the Orchidéene, 290 ; his Collection, 14 
Linden, L., Journal des Orchidées, 353 Les 
Orchidées E-xotiqgues et Leur aca en 


urope, 353 

Linschilus giganteus, 321 

Low, Hugh, death of, 290 : 

nou aaa 240 

Luisia Amesiana, 267 

Lycaste mes grandiflora, 723 
nabarina, 303; costata (Regel), 723 Deppei, 
twin-flowered, 256; X hybrida, 136, 197 3 
mesochlzna, 72; Rossiana, 239% Smeeana, 
136 ; Skinneri alba, (Fig. 8) 113, 127, 229+ 
x schcenbrunnensis, 51 


cin- 


MANCHESTER Show, 139, 161, 185 


ow, 
Odontoglossum — 18 
ray, | * 7 


INDEX. 381 


Martius’ Flora Brasiliensis, Orchidacee 
ogniaux), 271 

Masdevallia x Amesiana, 293; Arminii, 

Burbidgeana, 265; X Cassiope, 

356; xX caudato-Estrade, 261; X Chel- 

soni, 69; X C. splendens, 261 ; Chimera 

Vanneriana, 206; Xx Courtauldiana, 261 ; 


gantua, 29; X Geleniana, 133, 186; X 
glaphyrantha, 132; X Henrietta, 246; x 
Hincksiana, 78, 133;  Kimballiana, 61 ; 
Lowii, 287; xX McVittie, 22, 35 

Measuresiana, 293; X Mundyana, 324; 
x Parlatoreana, 261; X Rebecca, 245; 
x Rushtonii, 210; X Shuttryana, 356; X 
splendida, 2615 xX Stella, 293; Troglo- 


Maxillaria grandiflora, its habitat, 136; 


Striata, 265 

Megaclinium minutum, 76 

Miltonia x Bleuana, 260; X Joiceyana, 268, 
287 ; spectabilis vicinal 304 ; vexillaria 
Daisy Haywood, 285 


NEODRYAS Sacciana, 
Nomenclature, 66, wee ee hybrids, 340, 353 
Nursery Notes, 364 


Opituary, John C. Bowring, 213; Hugh 


s M, 333) 3343 albo- 
cupreum, 128; X Andersonianum, 142, 
170, ees 174 ; X baphicanthum, 171, 1743 

mmaculatum, 199 ; X Bergmani, 204, 
206 ; ; X bickleyense, 204, 205;  Bleich- 
roederianum, 172, 1743; X Brassia, 172, 


04, 20! 
276, 277 ; crispum at Rosefield, Seven- 
oaks, 230; X cuspidatum, 332, 333 
platyglossum, 332; X de ltoglossum, oe 
Denisoniz, 202, 205; X Edithiz, 
172, 174 ; Edwardii, 65 ; X excellens, 158, 
— x Sogn 173) 1745 essa 
x glorioso-crispum, 17° 3 
A AB ttn aah % — 
cum, 171, 174; X hinnus, 333; * histri- 
onicum, 332, 333; * Jenningsianum, i7l; 
174; X Josephine, 172, 1743 Krameri 
album, 200 ; ich ae 178; X lanceans, 
173, 174; X Leeanum, 44, 172, ee 
lepidum, 334; X perpen es 204, 2 
292; xX ligulare, 276, 277; * OES 


Odontoglossum— 
171,174; X Lindleyano-crispum, 275; 
Lindleyano-luteopurpureum, 333 ; Londes- 
boroughianum, 282, 313 ; X luteopurpureo- 
crispum, 201; luteopurpureum Cobbia- 
num, 34; X lyroglossum (Hort.), 202, 205 ; 
x macrospilum, 203, 206; X Marricttia- 
num (Hort.), 203, 205 ; X Measuresianum, 
172, 174; X Mooreanum, 373; X mulus, 
331, 333; ™ Ortgiesianum, 172, 174; 
peruviense, 223 ; Pescatorei Lewisii, 135 ; 
x Pollettianum 172, 174; X prionopeta- 
lum, 203, 206; X Roebelenianum, 187; x 
Ruckerianum, 171, 174; X Schlesingeria- 
num, 172, 1743 X Scottii, 172, 174, 201, 
203, 206; X Shuttleworthii, 203, 206; x 
Smeeanum, 203, 205; X tentaculatum, 
332, 333; Uroskinneri i ase 334; 
inbsentive te 172, 174} Wilckea- 
num, 202, 205, 292; X W. ac 135 
Pearsons that, 142, 170, 201, 275, 


33! 

Oncidium bidens, 208; xX caloglossum, 299, 
300; crispum and allies, culture of 296; 
cristatum, 10; X elegantissimum, 301, 302 ; 

x flabelliferum, 301, 302; x Forbesio- 
vi sytyle, 301; X Gardneri, 301, 302; 
Larkinianum, 299, 301 ; luteum, 267 ; 
Mantinii, 299, 301; X Marsal 
Forbesii, 299; pectorale, 299, 30° ; 
Pollettianum, 302 ; X preestans, 391, ee “ 
x preetextum (E. Morr.), 301, 302 5 Saintle- 
— um, !6; unicolor, 266; NV heatley- 
anum, 304 ; zonatum, 200 

6 ie hybrid, 298 

Orchids at Royal Horticultural Society, 29, 
60, 94, 125) 157, 186, 222, 255, 285, 317, 

9, 372; at Covent Garden, 168 

Orchid culture fifty years ago, ! 38 ; flowers 
dried in sand, 233; flowers dyed, 226 

fons in the Jungle, 47, 82, 111, 163, 


brcbids, rae ‘Chambecains,.10 5, 107, 289 
Orchids of 1892, 9; portraits, s¢e o Petiais 
Orchis purpurea, 164 
PACHITES appressa and P. Bodkini, 271 
Pelexia maculata, 77 
Peristeria aspersa, 3! 18 


Phaius x amabilis, 87, 96; Cooksoni, 


quilinus, 6 ; X irr 
grandifolius, 324 5 eicus: 
nus, 195 


382 INDEX. 


Phaio-calanthe x Sedeniana rosea, 85 
alzenopsis at Clare Lawn, 79 ; length of 
life in, 354; Phalaenopsis x Amphitrite, 
356 ; antennifera, 243; X Artemis, 356; 
cornu-cervi, 242 ; Esmeralda, 243; x F. 
. Ames, 229; X Harriettz, 195; X inter- 

media,-132; Xi. Vesta, 52; X John 
Seden, 228; x Leda, 229; Lowii, 242; 
Parishii, 242; ™ Rothschildiana, 195; 
Schilleriana vestalis, 75, 95; speciosa, 
210; tetraspis, 209; X Vesta, 61 ; vio- 
lacea, 242 

Phenomenal season, the, 214 

Pholidota Lugardi, 7 

Physosiphon Lindleyi, 176 

Platyclinis filiformis, a fine specimen, 224 ; 
glumacea valida, 115 

Pleurothallis ornatus, 60; puberula, 266 ; 
punctulata, 30; a dee 7 

Pleione maculata alba, 

Ponthieva maculata, tenes 

Polystachya imbricata, 267; Lawrenceana, 


268 
Portaits—Aévides Lawrence Amesiana, 


slasdia ionoptera, 27 ; Angraecum articu- 
latum, 254; Arachnanthe Clarkei, 349; 
Arundina bambusifolia, 123 ; age 
Colleyi, 154; Brassia bicolor, 254; Brown- 
leea coerulea, 282; Bulbophyllum comosum, 
123; Pechei, 123; Calanthe x bella, 254; 
Xx burfordiense, 254; X gigas, 123, 314; 
vestita Oweniana, 221; X_ Victoria- 
Reginz, 254; Calypso borealis, 154, 183 
Catasetum Liechtensteinii, 28; ‘itt, 
sa — 28; Cattleya Alexandre ele- 
s, 57; A. tenebrosa, 57 ; amethysto- 
eee 28, 155 3 a. rosea, 220; x blesen- 
Sis, 315; < “Chioris, 3705 cit yg 348 
D 


ana Statteriana, 27; Forbesii, 283; gut- 
tata pernambucensis, 371 ; X Hardyana, 
155; X Hardyana Gardeniana, 27; x 
H. Statteriana, 220, 284; iricolor, 153; 
labiata, 58, 183, 370; labiata alba, 57; 
x Lord Rothschild, 371; Mendeli, Quorn- 
is House var., 254; Mossiz, 315 ; Mos- 
siz var. Mendeli, 220; Mossiz Reineck- 
jana, 58, 221; < Parthenia, 349; Triane 
Regine, 284; velutina, 371 ; Chysis brac- 
tescens, 283; Cirrhopetalum ornatissimum, 
a picturatum, 1545 Ccelogyne Hooker- 
a, 124; tea, 58 ; Micholicziana, 28 ; 
‘auctions 184; Siac 453, 154)2155 ; 
Colax jugosus, 183; Cycnoches chloro- 


Portraits— 


chilon, 183; pentadactylon, 123, 153, 220; 
Warscewiczii, 153; Cymbidium Devoni- 
anum, 183; ROS 284; grandiflorum, 
123; g. punctatum, 348 ; Lowianum, 155, 
349; L: ae dia iene 348 ;  Cynorchis 
grandiflora, 92, 123; Cypripedium x 
Albertianum, 58; x Alfred Bleu, 92; x 
Castleanum, 28 ; caudatum Lindeni, 254 ; 
NTS 153, 2213 C. ‘excel- 
lens, 153; rles Goudoin, 154; X 

a? eclanntn: 253; Charlesworthii, 


ma 


culatum pusillum, 57; x Germinyanum, 
123; X Johnsonianum, 124; x Josephine 
Jolibois, 154; X Leeanum giganteum, 
183; x Leone, 57; X Lucienianum, 124; 
x Madame Barbey, 154; X Massaianum, 
314; X memoria Moensii, 124; monta- 
num, 348; X orphanum, 27; X Penelaus, 
124; X Pitcherianum Williams’ var., 27; 
Rothschildianum, 220; x Sander-super- 
biens, 315; X sibyrolense, 3143; Spiceri- 
anum Mercatellianum, 219; X Statteri- 
anum, 371; Volonteanum gigantum, 253; 
x Winnianum, 283; Cyrtopodium Ali- 
ciz, 183; Dendrobium antennatum, 28 ; 
xX Cassiope, 58, 254; ciliatum, 27 ; 
compressum, 28; crassinode album, 


283; Johnsonix, 254; listeroglossum, 
28 ; D. Phalenopsis Schroederianum, 153 ; 

58; Disa xX Premier, 371; 
tripetaloides, 221 ; Epidendrum atropur- 
pureum Randii, 314 ; spondiadum, 57 ; 
Umlauftii, 221 ; Eulophia pulchra, 314; ; 


Eulophiella lElisabethe, 220, 253 
Galeandra Claesii, 348 ; pcan 
Sanderianum, 252; Habenaria militaris, 


a. Schreederiana, 348; x Novelty, 314; 
X Owenize, 220 ; purpurata fastuosa, 253, 
315 ; purpurata majestica, 253 ; Reichen- 
bachiana, 28 ; tenebrosa, Walton Grange 
var., 283 ; X ene Se 153; Lelio-cattleya 
 ameena delicata, 154; x Arnoldiana, 


254; X eximia, 315; X Maynardii, 220 ; 
x Pisandra, 371; x Ridolfiana, 153 3 
Lissochilus ha 58; Luisia Amest- 
ana, 253; Psyche, 254; volucris, 254; 
Lycaste cinnabarina, 371; cruenta, 379° 
macrobulbén Youngii, 154;  schoen- 
brunnensis, 315 ; Skinneri purpurea, 2547 


, 
: 
3 
igh 
“ 


INDEX. 


= Portraits— 


Masdevallia x Gelenyana, 283; Harryana, 
vars. carnea, illustris, Kejeljani, lilacina 


Reginz, 283; X Pourbaixii, 315; 
- paggioal patra done e215 iciintlb 
glossa, 220; Megaclinium minutum, 314 ; 


a roetylis " Scotti, 27 ; Maxillaria calli- 
chroma, 253 ; striata, 314 ; Miltonia War- 
scewiczii, 283 ; vexillaria virginalis, 27 ; 
Mormodes igneum maculatum, 124; par- 


284 ; Harryanum, 92 ; Insleayi Imschooti- 
anum, 57 ; ramosissimum ceeleste, 92; X 
Ruckerianum splendens, 154 ; Thompsoni- 
anum, 315; Triomphe de Rambouillet, 
348 ; triumphans aureum, 58; Oncidium 
loxense, 155; phymatochilum, 349 ; 
superbiens, 184 ; Ornithocephalus grandi- 
florus, 349; Paphinia grandis, 28, 370; 
Phaius x amabilis, 123; maculatus, 220; 
tuberculosis, 282 ; Phalenopsis x inter- 
media Portei, 349 ; Lueddemanniana, 
154; Sanderiana, 349 ; tetraspis, 348 
Pholidota Laucheans, 28; Pleurothallis 
cryptoceras, 28 ; pachyglossa, 28 ; 
Reeperorchis nlciosente Benne tana, 
platyanthera and Urbaniana, 28; Sacco 
bium ceeleste, 155 ; gemmatum, 28 ; Bute 
rium coriifolium maculatum, 153; sphe- 
rocarpum, 183; Schomburgkia Sanderiana, 
184; Selenipedium x Sedeni Weidlich- 
ianum, 58; Sobralia Lucasiana, 123 ; 
Stanhopea Amesiana, 253, 315; Tricho. 
glottis cochlearis, her Trichopilia san- 


ae planilabris, 183 ; 
t. Wallichii, 255 ; Zygocolax Xx Veitchii, 
92, 123; Zygopetalum Burtii, 349 ; grandi- 

371; Lindeni, 348 ; X Sedeni, 183 


Programme, Our, 1 


383 
Schomburgkia rosea, 10 
Schréder, Baron, his Collection, 43 
Seedling Orchids, 275 
Selenipedium, a complex hybrid, 320; x 
Ainsworthii, 69; X A. delicatum, 244; x 
albopurpureum, 67 ; X Baconis, 358; x 
Brysa, 358 ; X calurum, 70; X cardinale, 
(Fig. 5) 81, 100; X Chlonius, 374; x 
Clymene, 160; X Coppinianum, 325, 350 ; 
Dominianum, 35; X Edithz, 358; x 
Elsteadianum, 358 ; X grande,71; X Hardy- 
anum, 358; X hybridum, 326; xX leucor- 
rhodum, (Fig. 11) 169; X_ nitidissimum, 
259; paulistanum, 239, 272; X Perseus, 
358; X Pheedra, 52; X pulchellum, 166 ; 
Sargentianum, 239; X Saundersianum, 
16 ; Schlimii, a fine, 376 ; X Schroedere, 
100; X Sedeni (name omitted in text), 
37; X stenophyllum, 39; X (unnamed), 
86, 319 
Selenipediums, Brazilian, 272 
cea Cattleya, 18, 107, 289 ; macrantha 
ed with Cattleya gigas, 366; m. 
asl 197; m. Princess May, 256 ; 
xantholeuca, 288 
Sophro-cattleya x Batemaniana, 44, 131; 
x Calypso, 31, 291; X Veitchiana, 356 
Sophronitis grandiflora, a fine etna? 2 
Stanhopea graveolens, 258 ; ra, 258 ; 
Lowii, (Fig. 12) 177, 3755 X Sond, 


323 
Stauropsis Warocqueana, 10 


TEMPLE Show, 129, et 189 
Thrixspermum Berkeleyi, 335 
Thunia X Veitchiana, Got ; < Wrigleyana, 


291 
Trichopilia peracata, 1 114 


VANpDA Amesiana and V. ae Bai culture 
of, 306; X Miss Joaquim, 245 

Veitch’s Manual of Orchidaceous Plants, 
Part IX., 136 


READERS, To our, 33, 376 
Renanthera coccinea 
Restrepia neitilinitora. a fine, 75 
Rhynchostylis retusa, 33 
odriguezia Lindeni, 338 ; pubescens, (Fig, 


WIGAN, F., his Collection, 78 
Williams’ Orchid Growers Manual, 353 


ck, 


Wy la, 1 
Rosefield Collection, 230 York Gala, 194 


SACCOLABIUM oe 336; curvifolium, 
8 


336 ; Mooreanum, 17 rirselpatil ean 
Sarawak, colisetiag prohibited, 321 |  lare, 2933 tanh, ay cpio : 
Sarcochilus Berkeleyi, 335 ; muscosus, 77 132; eucochi : ool is 


fine specimen, 30; 


Satyrium x Guthriei, 269 ; membranaceum, 
x Sedeni, 3 


319 ; pumilum, 271 


INDEX. 


384 
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. 

PAGE 
Cattleya Mendelii_ ... ee sah mx ee os wk 273 
Cycnoches chlorochilon _... Bea fea se o8 ane aa 73 
Cymbidium X Winnianum wt vei <i ae Gt 
— x Arthurianum ee “te es ve it be 305 
Charlesworthii aS ie 28 re .. . Frontispiece 
tes x Edwardii ns eg% ae ub ot Sah 23 
Ss insigne Sundeviana nS a a ne He 445 
i x Morganiz burfordiense ws ay bas su Ae 41 
Hs x ot Niobe vie an or ae aan 3i4 os es 
- x Par ‘ie rep an Uz is i 88 
at x porphyrohlamys oa oi ers esa iss ecg 
x vexillariu ue oe mie a ae bee 297 
Hepdrabhim x Aspasia ae BS ees oe ms Hs NS B » 
Phaius X hybridus Gravesii He whe tee afi; ae =e 241 
Rodriguezia pubescens ee re is e ae are ws | 7 
Selenipedium x cardinale.. eo ete os a ss ae 81 
x ieacertiodus me at oe oe os ee OO 
we ie As S23 177 


Sicibapes Lowii..