Subscriptions for 1904 are now due. Vou. XII.) eau 1904. (No. 133- THE lh sti ie VIE AY: Ein Sllustrated Aontbiy Journal of Orchidology. Contents. PAGE PAGE Calendar of Belt for pee. 26 sapien irrorata... 30 Correspo 32 No 31 Events o ie; I | Odontoglossims Reversion i in 7. Germination of Orchids 16 | Ore ‘Hy ‘idise 8 Habenaria car 29 | Orcbie Po ol its ; 32 chs ia Sfodern Progress i in 4 } Orchidist, roubles of an . 6 Hybridis ‘ sa 30 | Orchid culture in bys pots 6 Le foc attleya x ‘Lydia 30 | Orchid cultu leaf-mould 5 Hybrids of Odontoglossum crispum a 8 | Orchids, decorations with 4 O. x Adriane Victoria-Regina (fig. 5 13. | Orch 22 O. : Andersonianum Bopactdeanum. | Paphiopetitum ane SIX - yellow vars. (fig. 1 9 | o(figs. 9-7 25 OK arncaetibeeaiet “ardentissimum | Banieseditu m X Queen cs Italy (ig. 8) 17 (fig. 6) 14 | Pa — - edilums from Bur 24 x 23 Coradine mirabile (fig. 4) ies Teer soe) 18 . X Denisonz Chestertoni (fig. 2) ... 10 | Manchester and. “North of England o. ” D. 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The dense terminal panicles on stems six to seven feet high, during the month of September. —_—~s>-0-~o——. Award of Merit from the Royal Horticultural Society, September 15th, 1903. Price 8s. 6d. each; 386s per dozen. DELIVERY IN APRIL, 1904, dames Veitch & Sons, CHELSEA, S.W. flowers are yellow, produced in- { { | THE ORCHID REVIEW. NEOMOOREA IRRORATA. See page 350. PAC ORCHID REVIEW An Zllustrated Wlonthly Journal DEVOTED TO ORCHIDOLOGY eS & & VOLUME XII 1904 & & @ & Dondon: MARSHALL BROTHERS, KESWICK HOUSE, PATERNOSTER ROW, E.C. [The right of reproduction is reserved.| “Call the vales and bid them hither cas Their bells and flowerets of a ans hues.” “ Strange shapes and wondrous mysteries.” “ Orchids ask more por than ever the Sphin roposed to the aielless. 5.7 SRE. THE OB&SMID REVIEW. VoL. XII.] FANUARY, 1904. [No. 133. = EVENTS OF 1903. THE past year has been one of the wettest ever remembered—perhaps the wettest since records were kept—and generally disastrous to horticulture outside, but it is doubtful whether Orchids have suffered to any great extent by the climatic conditions. The reduced amount of sunlight in the autumn probably retarded the ripening of the pseudobulbs somewhat, but good growths were made, and on the whole a moist season is favourable to Orchid culture, especially to Cool Orchids. The year has not been marked by any striking event in the Orchid world, but it has been one of steady progress, and a number of interesting novelties have flowered, though these have been almost entirely raised in gardens. | EXHIBITIONS. The great Quinquennial Exhibition at Ghent is always a noteworthy event, and on this occasion it brought together a magnificent display of Orchids, though there was little in the way of actual novelty except varieties of existing hybrids, some of which were shown in very fine condition. The magnificent group staged by Messrs. Peeters, of Brussels, which gained the premier award, will long be remembered for its uniform excellence. The - weather, however, was wretched, and the Exhibition was opened in a blinding snow storm. The two great exhibitions of the Royal Horticultural Society at the Temple and at Holland House were also marked by brilliant displays, and the usual fortnightly meetings have been quite up to the average, while the Manchester Orchid Society’s meetings, and the Spring and Whitsuntide shows of the Manchester Royal Botanical and Horticultural Society, have been marked for the excellence of the Orchids exhibited. NOVELTIES. Imported novelties have been very few in number, and it is a long time since so few have been recorded in a season. Those which occur to us are Angrecum Rothschildianum, Dendrobium x Margaret, a supposed natural hybrid, and Bulbophyllum erythrostachyum. Among rarities, however, - 2 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [JANUARY, 1904. may be mentioned the three remarkable species of the genus Chlorza, C crispa, C. multiflora, and C. virescens, which were introduced from Chili by Mr. Elwes, and flowered at Kew. The two former have probably never before flowered in cultivation, and the first-named is very beautiful, and should be a notable acquisition to the ranks of terrestrial Orchids. Rodri- guezia Batemanii also is an interesting re-introduction, and the remarkable Megaclinium platyrhachis has appeared in cultivation. Didymoplexis pallens is an interesting saphrophyte which, like the last-named, flowered in the Kew collection. HYBRIDS. . Among hybrids a number of interesting novelties have appeared, and among them we may mention the handsome Cattleya X Roehrsiana, C. X Clarissa, C. x Claudian, C. X Katherine, C. x Tankervillei, and C. x St. Gilles, Brassocattleya x Pocahontas, Brassolelia x Rolfei, Brasso- catlelia <* Mackayi, Cymbidium xX Lowgrinum, Lelio-cattleya x Hilda, Vanda X Marone, Phaius xX Harold, and P. x Clive, the handsome Phaio-cymbidium » chardwarense (whose origin should be confirmed if possible), Dendrobium X Thwaitesiz, and D. x clarense, Zygopetalum X Sanderi, Paphiopedilum x erubescens, P. X Omphale, P. x Persephone, P. X Violetta,and others of the genus, Epidendrum x Boundii, E. x kewense, Cynorchis X kewensis, Spathoglottis X kewensis, and various others, which have been exhibited at the various meetings. Of the three last mentioned it may be said that their names denote their place of origin. Odonto- glossums are mentioned in the succeeding paragraph. SEEDLING ODONTOGLOSSUMS. Seedling Odontoglossums have engaged a great deal of attention during the year, and as evidence of the rapid progress now being made in this department it may be mentioned that no less than six First-class Certificates and seven Awards of Merit were given to these beautiful plants by the R.H.S. during the year. Most: of them were varieties of previously recorded hybrids, but two were quite new, namely, O. X Bradshawie and QO. X waltonense, and both gained First-class Certificates from the R.H.S.- The latter was figured at page 49 of our last volume, and we may also allude to the remarkable group of six hundred seedlings in the collection of W. Thompson, Esq., figured at page 41. Odontoglossum X_ beard- woodiense is another interesting novelty which must not be overlooked. Numerous notes in our pages testify to the rapid progress now being made, and these may readily be found by means of the Index. It is quite evident that the difficulties formerly encountered have now been surmounted, and further developments may be anticipated in the near future, CERTIFICATED ORCHIDS. Thirty-three Orchids gained the award of a First-class Certificate from 2 She UP See Dik Ren ytieeal mt eee ts ( Fic. 1. O. X ANDERSONIANUM BOGAERDEANUM. recognised from the outset, though at first there was a slight doubt about the second parent, which, however, was soon recognised to be O. gloriosum. It is now known to be a very common and remarkably polymorphic hybrid, and one which has received a host of names. Io THE ORCHID REVIEW. [JANUARY, 1904. The variety Bogaerdeanum (fig. 1) was introduced by Mr. A. Bogaerde, of Birmingham, in 1895, and received an Award of Merit from the R.H.S. in May, 1897, when exhibited by De Barri: Crawshay, Esq., Rosefield, Sevenoaks. O. X DENISON appeared in the collection of Lord Londesborough, in 1872, and was awarded a First-class Certificate by the R.H.S. It appeared in an importation of O. crispum made three years before by Messrs. Backhouse, of York, and was at first thought to be a white variety of O. luteopurpureum, but afterwards Mr. Denning pointed out that it combined the characters of O. luteopurpureum and O. crispum, between which he regarded it asa hybrid. In 1880 a much darker form, with yellow ground, appeared in the collection of M. Massange de Louvrex, of Baillonville, Fic. 2. O. X DENISON CHESTERTONI. Belgium, and was named O. x Wilckeanum, after M. Massange’s gardener, its hybrid origin and parentage being pointed out by Reichenbach. The parentage has since been confirmed, the plant having been raised artificially in the collection of Baron Edmond de Rothschild, of Armainvilliers, by M. Leroy. It is very variable, and includes forms with both white and yellow grounds, with a wide range of variation in the amount of the spotting. The variety CHESTERTONI (fig. 2) is a remarkable form, which was not at first recognised as a form of this hybrid. It appeared in an importa- tion of O. crispum, sent to Messrs. James Veitch & Sons by the late Mr. Chesterton, and received a First-class Certificate from: the R.H.S. in March, 1876, as O. Chestertoni. It afterwards passed into the collection of January, 1904.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 1 Baron Schréder, and has been ranked as a variety of O. crispum. The flower here figured is from the type plant. It has creamy white flowers, heavily blotched with dark brown on the sepals and lip, while the petals are nearly unspotted, thus affording a very effective contrast. O. X DENISON2Z GOLDEN QUEEN (fig. 3) contrasts very strongly with the preceding variety, and indeed was at first regarded as a variety of O. crispum. It appeared in the collection of W. Thompson, Esq., Walton Grange, Stone, and received an Award of Merit from the R.H.S. in November, 1896, under the name of O. crispum Golden Queen, and a First- class Certificate in May, 1gor, under the name now adopted. The colour Fic. 3. O. X DENISONZ GOLDEN QUEEN. is bright golden yellow, with red-brown spots. The origin of this plant has been the subject of some discussion, which may be found at pages 73 to 75 of our fifth volume, the question being whether it is a variety of O. crispum, a form of O. X Denison, or even a secondary hybrid between thetwo. That it is a hybrid is now generally admitted—-as also the so-called yellow varieties of O. crispum—but the exact origin can scarcely be considered as beyond dispute. In shape and the details of the crest it most approaches O. crispum, but hybrids which most resemble one parent in certain characters are common. ‘We may soon have hybrids between the two plants in question with which it can be compared. 12 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [JANUARY, 1904. O. xX CoRADINEI flowered in the establishment of Messrs. James Veitch & Sons, at Chelsea, in 1872, out of an importation of O. crispum, and was named after one of the collectors who sent it home. Reichenbach suggested that it might be a hybrid between O. triumphans and some species of the odoratum group. It was, however, afterwards recognised as a hybrid between O. crispum and O. Lindleyanum. It isa fairly common hybrid, though less variable than the two preceding. It would be interesting, now that the difficulty of raising seedling Odontoglossums has been so largely overcome, to have the. parentage confirmed by actual experiment, and there should be little difficulty about the matter if the Fic. 4. O. X CORADINEI MIRABILE. species in question were crossed together. A similar remark applies to O. X Andersonianum, and to O. x Adriane, figured on the next page. The variety MIRABILE (fig. 4) is a very remarkable form which appeared in, the. collection of Baron».Schréder,. The _Dell,. Staines, and» received- an Award of Merit from the R.H.S.-in June, ‘1894, under the name of O. crispum mirabile, and a First-class Certificate in May, 1897, under the present name, its hybrid origin in the meantime having been pointed out. It is the finest form of this hybrid which has yet appeared, and the figure here given was taken from a flower of the type plant. JANUARY, 1904.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 13 O. X ADRIAN# first appeared in April, 1897, in the establishment of Messrs. L. Linden & Co., at Moortebeek, and was at once recognised as a hybrid between O. crispum and O. Hunnewellianum. It then received a First-class Diploma of Honour from the Orchidienne of Brussels. It is now known that it came out of an importation of O. crispum from a new locality, where the two species mentioned grow intermixed, and since that time many other plants have appeared in the same way, and it has proved to be common and remarkably variable in colour and markings. As in other hybrids between O. crispum and another yellow-flowered species, there are hybrids both with white and yellow ground colour, and the amount of spotting varies greatly, some forms being very densely and others very Fic. 5. O. X ADRIAN2 VICTORIA-REGINA. sparingly spotted. In every case, however, the characteristic shape and details of O. Hunnewellianum can be very readily traced. It is curious that the hybrid should have remained so long unknown, considering how diligently O. crispum has been searched for. The variety VICTORIA-REGINA (fig. 5) is a very heavily blotched and handsome form from the collection of Baron Schroder, The Dell, Staines, which 1eceived a First-class Certificate from the R.H.S. in April, 1902, under the name of O. X Adriane memoria Victoria-Regina. It is one of the handsomest varieties known, and our figure was taken from a flower of the type plant. 14 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [JANUARY, 1904. O. X ARMAINVILLIERENSE is an artificial hybrid raised by M. Jacob, gardener to Baron Edmond de Rothschild, Armainvilliers, near Paris, according to the record, from O. Pescatorei crossed with O. crispum. It flowered in December, 1898, and received a First-class Certificate of Merit from the Société Nationale d’Horticulture de France. It was described as a superb form, perfect in shape, with some dark spots. We have not seen it. Fic. 6. O. * ARMAINVILLIERENSE ARDENTISSIMUM. The variety ARDENTISSIMUM (fig. 6) is a superb form raised by M. Ch. Vuylsteke, Loochristi, Ghent, from O. Pescatorei 2 and O. crispum Franz Masereel 3. It flowered in May, 1902, and was exhibited at the Temple Show, under the name of O. X ardentissimum, when it received a First-class Certificate. The ground colour is white, and the markings JANUARY, 1904. | THE ORCHID REVIEW. 5 claret-coloured. Three other handsomely spotted forms derived from the same cross received Awards of Merit at the same time, under the names of OQ. X concinnum, O. X dulce, and O. & venificum, and it is noteworthy that at the Temple Show last year three other forms of the same cross received Awards of Merit, and one other a First-class Certificate. Other seedlings from the same cross were quite unspotted. O. X WALTONENSE (fig. 7) was raised in the collection of W. Thompson, Esq., Walton Grange, Stone, by Mr. Stevens, from O. crispum ¢ and QO. Kegeljani (polyxanthum) ¢ , and flowered in January, 1903, when it received a First-class Certificate from the R.H.S. The first seedling flowered when Fic. 7. O. X WALTONENSE. slightly under three years old, and one or two others have since arrived at the flowering stage. The flower is of a beautiful soft canary-yellow, with a single red-brown blotch on the lip. It promises to be a great horticultural acquisition when the plants become stronger. There are at least two other handsome hybrids of O. crispum, namely, O. X crispo-Hallii, raised in the collection of Norman C. Cookson, Esq., and flowered for the first time in November, 1896, and O. X_ crispo- Harryanum, raised by M. Ch. Vuylsteke, and first flowered in May, 1898, and each of them gained a First-class Certificate from the R.H.S. 16 | THE ORCHID: REVIEW. [ JANUARY, 1904 THE GERMINATION OF ORCHIDS. M. Noe. BERNARD has been studying the germination of species o Cattleya and Lelia, and communicates the results of ‘his work to a recent number of the Comptes Rendus of the French Academy of Science (vol. cxxxvii. pp. 484-485). Seeds of Cattleya and Lelia and their hybrids germinate very freely under glass, and are usually sown in damp sawdust. After about a fortnight, the embryos produce small ‘“‘spherules” or globular bodies, which are conspicuous by their green colour. They remain for some time at this stage, and sometimes do not develop further, the seeds sooner or later dying from the attack of a parasitic mould. Under favourable conditions, however, after a varying period, which may be as much as one or two months, growth com- mences and proceeds steadily forwards. Germination is always slow and irregular ; often after four or five months the most advanced plants are not more than five millimetres high. These little plants are then top-shaped,. widened at the apex, where the terminal bud is formed. They are always more or less covered at their basal point, to which the suspensor is attached, by a filamentous endophytic fungus. M. Bernard’s experiments have shown that the penetration of this fungus is an essential condition in the germina- tion of Orchid seeds, a point which had been previously suggested, but the proofs now offered had not hitherto been obtained. Hybrid seeds from M. Magne, obtained by intercrossing Cattleya Mossiz and Lelia purpurata, were used, and details of the cultural methods. employed are given. M. Bernard found that if the seeds were completely sterilised germination never progressed beyond a certain stage, but in the presence of the particular fungus the seedlings developed in the usual way. He was also able to cultivate this fungus on a nutrient medium separately, and when sterilised germinating seeds were removed to a pure culture of this fungus the mycelium rapidly penetrated the suspensor of the seedling, and invaded the cells adjacent to the embryo, after which the seedlings. developed in the usual way. Parasitic fungi and bacteria, on the contrary, rapidly destroyed the embryos. If the proper fungus is present germination succeeds, but if its presence is prevented the embryo ceases to develop beyond a certain stage. M. Bernard concludes that the embryo Orchid will no more develop into a perfect plant without the assistance of the fungus than an egg can go through its evolution without being fertilised. It may be remembered that a similar ‘‘symbosis’’ has been pointed out in the germination of seedling oaks and other plants. The identity of the particular fungus is at present uncertain, but this point will be investigated later on,and it will be extremely ‘interesting to have the point cleared up. JANUARY, 1904.| THE ORCHID REVIEW. 17 PAPHIOPEDILUM X QUEEN OF ITALY. The annexed illustration represents a very beautiful hybrid raised by Messrs. Charlesworth & Co., Heaton, Bradford, from Paphiopedilum insigne Sanderze and P. Godeiroye leucochilum. It was exhibited at the R.H.S. meeting on November 24th last, under the name of Cypri- pedium X Queen of Italy, and received an Award of Merit, as recorded at page 366 of our last volume. It is fairly intermediate in character, having a dwarfer scape than P. insigne Sanderz, and broader petals, S b Fic. 8. PAPHIOPEDILUM X QUEEN OF ITALY. which, like the dorsal sepal, are light primrose yellow, spotted with light brown, as shown in the illustration. The foliage also partakes of the character of both parents. It is a charming variety, of good constitution, and its delicate colouring gives it a very distinct appearance. The light ground colour reflects the character of both parents, and the increased amount of spotting is, of course, due to the influence of P. Godefroyz leucochilum. 48 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [JANUARY, 1904. SOCIETIES. ROYAL HORTICULTURAL. THE last meeting of the year was held at the Drill Hall, Buckingham Gate, Westminster, on December 15th, when the display of Orchids was probably the finest seen at the Drill Hall during the ‘year, the Cypripedes being especially fine. No less than ten medals of different kinds were awarded for groups. Baron Sir H. Schréder, The Dell, Egham (gr. Mr. Ballantine), gained a Silver-gilt Flora Medal for a magnificent group, containing Cypripedium x Leeanum Masereelianum, with twenty-four flowers; C. x Pitcherianum, with eighteen flowers: C. X Mrs. Chas. Canham, with thirty-five flowers; the handsome C. X dellense (X Lathamianum xX insigne Sanderianum), C. insigne undulatum, with undulate margins to the petals and dorsal sepal; C.i. Sander, with eight flowers; Odontoglossum X Humeanum, — O. luteopurpureum Amesianum, O. X cuspidatum xanthoglossum, a fine — well-flowered plant of Lycaste x Balliz, and Oncidium ornithorhynchum album, with seven branched spikes. The only First-class Certificate of the meeting went to Odontoglossum xX Vuylstekei vivicans, a very beautiful hybrid, having perfectly-shaped flowers, the sepals and petals broad, and heavily blotched with dark purple-red on a yellow ground, and the lip paler, and bearing.a large red-brown blotch in the centre, with a few smaller ones on each side. An Award of Merit was given to Cypripedium X Leeanum Clinkaberryanum, an exceptionally fine form. N. C. Cookson, Esq., Oakwood, Wylam-on-Tyne (gr. Mr. H. J. Chapman), staged an exceptionally tine group, to which a Silver-gilt Flora Medal was deservedly awarded. It contained many fine blotched farms of | Odontoglossum crispum, including O. c. Peetersii, O. c. Cooksonianum, ‘O. Pescatorei Lindeni, Cypripedium X Arcturus, C. X Baron Schrceder, €. X Norma, C. X- Youngiano-superbiens, C. x Juno, C. x Niobe Oakwood var., C. insigne Sander with ten flowers (Cultural Commenda- tion), and other plants. Awards of Merit were given to Cypripedium X Leeanum Clinkaberryanum, C. insigne Sanderze Oakwood seedling, and Odontoglossum crispum Marie. The second is a very beautiful form, raised in the collection from C. insigne Sanderz, self-fertilised, and has come practically true from seed, though the dorsal sepal is rather broader, and other slight differences are observable. The Odontoglossum is a fine white form, tinged with purple at the back of the segments, and prettily blotched with reddish brown. G. F. Moore, Esq., Bourton-on-the-Water (gr. Mr. Page), staged a splendid group, which gained a Silver-gilt Flora Medal. It contained a fine collection of Cypripediums of the best quality, well-grown and flowered, January, 1g04 | THE ORCHID REVIEW. 19 chiefly insigne and X Leeanum varieties, about 75 named formsand some unnamed being included. O. O. Wrigley, Esq., Bridge Hall, Bury (gr. Mr. Rogers), secured a Silver Flora Medal for an extremely good collection of Cypripedes, the cut flowers of nearly 100 varieties being represented. Among the best were twelve distinct yellow varieties of C. insigne, the fine C. i. Berryanum, with a few large dark blotches on the dorsal sepal ; C. i. Wrigley’s variety, C. 1. macranthum, C. X triumphans, C. xX Euryades Wrigleyanum, C. xX Curtisio-ciliolare, and others. An Award of Merit was given to the fine ‘Cypripedium X Leeanum Clinkaberryanum, which is noted on ancther page, while a similar award was made in the case of C. X_ nitens Wrigleyanum, a large and handsome variety. W. E. Budgett, Esq., Henbury, Bristol, showed a fine group of ‘Cypripediums, containing 190 well-grown plants. The whole of the plants were cultivated by Mr. Budgett himself without the aid of a gardener. A Silver Flora Medal was deservedly awarded. H. Whateley, Esq., Spring Gardens, Kenilworth, staged a good group of varieties of Cypripedium X Leeanum, Zygopetalum Mackayi, Odonto- glossum crispum, &c., a Silver Banksian Medal being awarded. W. M. Appleton, Esq., Weston-super-Mare, showed Cypripedium X Elsie (Boxallii x Charlesworthii), C. x Fred. Hardy (Charlesworthii x Spicerianum), and Cypripedium X Dowlingianum Appleton’s var. (Gode- froye leucochilum x insigne punctatum violaceum), the latter having a very handsome flower, cream-coloured spotted with purple. Lt.-Col. H. C. Batten, Abbot’s Leigh, Bristol, exhibited Cypripedium X Mrs. Cary Batten, the flower being large, and the yellow dorsal sepal marked with purple ; alsoa hybrid between C. X nitens and C. X Sallieri. J. T. Bennett-Poé, Esq., Holmewood, Cheshunt (gr. Mr. Downes), showed Cymbidium xX Tracyano-giganteum. Captain G. L. Holford, Westonbirt, (gr. Mr. Alexander), showed Cypripedium X Charlesianum superbum, C. X Euryades superbum, C. X E. marginatum, C. x E. aureum, C. X E. Westonbirt variety, and the handsome Lelio-cattleya xX Ophir superba (L. xanthina x C. aurea), having the flowers deep yellow, tinged with rose on the lip. F. A. Rehder, Esq., The Avenue, Gipsy Hill (gr. Mr. Norris), sent ‘Cypripedium X Tia (exul x Ianthe superbum). Messrs. J. Veitch & Sons, Chelsea, staged a fine group of hybrids, to which a Silver Flora Medal was awarded. The best were Lelia x Icarus, L. x Mrs. M. Gratrix, Lelio-cattleya X Hon. Mrs. Astor, L.-c. x Terentia, L.-c. X Coron, Lc: x-Eunomia, L.-c. x Bryan, L.-c. x -Cappei, L.-c. xX Wellsiana, L.-c. X Epicasta, L.-c. X Semiramis,and L.-c. x luminosa. Messrs. H. Low & Co., Enfield, gained a Silver Flora Med 20 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [JANUARY, 1904. excellent group, containing Cymbidium Tracyanum, Cypripedium x. Euryades, C. x Leeanum magnificum, C. insigne Statterianum, C. i. Monk’s. Cowl, with a concave dorsal sepal, C. i. Mrs. F. Ws Moore, a yellow variety with a few pale purple blotches on the dorsal sepal, C. i. Dormani- anum, and Odontoglossum crispum. Mr. J. Cypher, Cheltenham, gained a (Silver Banksian Medal for a small group of Cypripediums, containing C. X Leeanum giganteum, the fine C. X Charlesianum (C. xX Leeanum var. X Sallieri Hyeanum), the hand- some C. X Queen of Italy (insigne Sanderee X Godefroye leucochilum), and others. Messrs. B. S. Williams & Son, Upper Holloway, exhibited a good group, for which a Silver Banksian Medal was awarded. It contained varieties of C. x Leeanum, C. insigne grandifiorum, C. i. violaceo- punctatum, several fine forms of C. X Harrisianum, C. X Williamsianum,,. C. X Pitcherianum Williams’ variety, Calanthe x Sandhurstiana, C. xX Oweniana, and Leelio-cattleya x Sallieri. M. Chas. Vuylsteke, Loochristi, Ghent, exhibited Odontoglossum X loochristiense ornativum, O. X Wilckeanum, O. X ardentissimum radicans,. having large flowers spotted with purple, and the large Miltonia vexillaria robusta autumnalis. An Award of Merit was given to the large and. handsome Odontoglossum X Harryano-crispum virens. Messrs. Sander & Sons, St. Albans, showed a group containing Cypri- pedium X Clio magnificum, C. x Garrett A. Hobart inversum, C. Charles- worthii albino, forms of C. X Leeanum and C. insigne, Lelia anceps. Amesiana, Lezlio-cattleya x Helvetia, L.-c. x bletchleyensis, Cattleya Adonis, etc. Mr. H. A. Tracy, Twickenham, showed a nearly yellow. form. of Cypripedium x Chas. Canham, called variety aureum. MANCHESTER AND NORTH OF ENGLAND ORCHID. A MEETING of this Society was held at the Coal Exchange, Manchester,. on December 4th last, when there was a very good display of Orchids. : E. Rogerson, Esq., Didsbury (gr. Mr. Blomeley), staged a rich group). which gained a Silver-gilt Medal. First-class Certificates were given to Cypripedium x Para (Charlesworthii x bellatulum), a beautiful claret-- coloured flower, of intermediate shape, and{C. x Queen of Italy (C. Godefroye leucochilum xX insigne Sanderz), a very pretty cream-yellow, lightly-spotted flower, and an Award of Merit to C. xX Stanley Rogerson. (C. Charlesworthii x callosum). Walter Laverton, Esq., Victoria Park, Manchester, staged a very interesting group, consisting chiefly of Cypripediums, which gained a. Bronze Medal. January, 1904.) THE ORCHID REVIEW. ar Messrs. Charlesworth & Co., Heaton, Bradford, sent a fine collection, to which a Silver Medal was awarded. It consisted largely of hybrid Cattleyas and Lelio-cattleyas, among which may be mentioned C. xX Minucia superba and C. xX F. W. Wigan as plants which gaained Awards -of Merit. Mr. John Robson, Altrincham, received a Bronze Medal for a very pretty group, and an Award of Merit for Lelio-cattleya x Robsoniz (C. Bowringiana X L.-c. x Ingramii). Messrs. John Cowan & Co., Gateacre, received a Bronze Medal for a small group, and Awards of Merit for Cypripedium callosum splendens and ‘C. X Imperator (ciliolare x Rothschildianum). Messrs. A. J. Keeling & Sons, Westgate Hill, Bradford, staged a small group, to which a Vote of Thanks was awarded. It contained a very interesting hybrid from Cypripedium Chamberlainianum xX C. Parishii. Messrs. Sander & Sons, St. Albans, also received a Vote of Thanks for a small group of Lzelio-cattleyas. Mr. D. McLeod, Chorlton, exhibited Cypripedium insigne Sanderianum and C. X Annie Measures, in good condition. AT the meeting held on December 18th there was again a fine display of Orchids, the majority being Cypripedes. A. Warburton, Esq., Haslingden (gr. Mr. Bailey), received a First- class Certificate for Cypripedium x Archimedes, a handsome hybrid said to have been derived from C. insigne Harefield Hall var. x C. X nitens magnificum. W. E. Budgett, Esq., Bristol, received a Silver Medal for a nice group of Cypripediums, and Awards of Merit for C. insigne giganteum and C. x Mrs. Cary Batten. E. Rogerson, Esq., Didsbury (gr. Mr. Blomely), also obtained a Silver Medal for a good group, and an Award of Merit for Cypripedium xX bingleyense var. Hilda. Walter Laverton, Esq., Victoria Park, Manchester, received a Bronze Medal for a small miscellaneous group, and an Award of Merit for Cypri- pedium X Evelyn Ames. R. le Doux, Esq., West Derby, Liverpool, received an Award of Merit for Odontoglessum crispum marlfieldense, in which the petals are lip-like at the base, having a yellow area, on which are some radiating light eons streaks, like those on the lip. G. W. Law-Schofield, Esq., Rawstenstall, received an Award of Merit for Cypripedium xX rossendalense, a plant of unknown parentage. Messrs. Charlesworth & Co., Bradford, staged a very fine group, to which a Silver-gilt Medal was awarded. Cypripedium X Thalia received 22 : THE ORCHID REVIEW. - [JANUARY, 1904. an Award of Merit, and a plant of the beautiful Odontoglossum crispum. xanthotes was also noteworthy. Messrs. A. J. Keeling & Sons, Westgate Hill, Bradford, staged a small. group, and received a Vote of Thanks, also an Award of Stic for Cypri-. pedium xX Leeanum Keeling’s var. Messrs. John Cowan & Co., Gateacre, received an Award of Merit for a. fine plant of Cypripedium insigne MacNabianum. M. D. McLeod, Chorlton, exhibited a small group ee hybrid Cypri- pediums, to which a Vote of Thanks was accorded. Mr. W. Owen, Hartford, also received a Vote of Thanks for a collection. of Cypripedium varieties. Mr. J. Robson, Altrincham, exhibited a few good Cypripedes. ORCHIDS IN SEASON. SEVERAL beautiful Orchids are sent from the collection of the Right Hon. J. Chamberlain, M.P., by Mr. Mackay, including Lzelia x nigrescens (tenebrosa X pumila prestans), a very dark-lipped form; Leelio-cattleya X Tresederiana (L. crispa X C. Loddigesii), in which the character of the former comes out very strongly in the lip; L.-c. X Helena (L. cinnabarina x C. Schilleriana), with orange-brown sepals and petals, the latter prettily undulate, and the front lobe of the lp rich purple-crimson; L.-c. X Gottoiana ; and a seedling purchased from Messrs. Keeling. Of the latter Cattleya Loddigesii is given as one parent, and its characters are well shown in the shape and colour of the flower, while the pollinia show that the other parent was a Lelia, but it is not quite certain which. A tinge of yellow in the purple of the segment, with some purple veining om the lip, and a slight undulation of the petals, suggest something like L. grandis, but the point requires to be cleared up. It is a pretty little hybrid- The brilliant little Sophrolelia x leta Orpetiana is sent from the collection of Captain Holford, Westonbirt, Tetbury. The flower measures three inches across, and is bright carmine-rose in colour, with some deep: yellow in the throat of the Jip. A flower of the handsome Leelio-cattleya x Cassiope Westonbirt var., which received an Award of Merit from the R.H.S. on November 24th, is also sent, and Mr. Alexander remarks that it has been open quite a month. It is large, and of excellent shape and colour, the lip being of the deepest purple, and the deep yellow throat also lined with purple. Leelio-cattleya x Ophir superba (L. xanthina xX C- Dowiana aurea) is another most beautiful hybrid from the same collection. The sepals and petals are of the deepest apricot-yellow, and the front of the lip is more or less suffused with rose, while some of the Dowiana veining. appears on the side lobes. The flower has been open a month. 2 i S eT cae 3 aaa Sa i es SS Mcp gay ES at Ae Haig SS tea ar January, 1904.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 23 A fine form of Lelia autumnalis is sent from the collection of Mrs. Hollond, Wonham,. Bampton, by Mr. Stacey, together with the very richly coloured L. Gouldiana, and a yellow form of Paphiopedilum insigne, approaching the variety Sanderianum, but having a narrower dorsalsepal. Three good forms of Odontoglossum crispum are sent from the collection of J. Bradshaw, Esq., The Grange, Southgate. Two of them are good round forms, having white petals and a few small blotches on the sepals and lip, while the third has particularly broad rounded segments, prettily tinged with rose, and bearing a single circular brown blotch on four of the segments, and a few additional spots on the lip and one lateral sepal. They are from small plants, and should develop into fine things. Some interesting flowers are sent from the collection of R. le Doux, Esq., Marlfield, West Derby, Liverpool, by Mr. Davenport. Odontoglossum c1ispum marlfieldense is a remarkable variety which received an Award of Merit from the Manchester Orchid Society on December 18th last. - It may be described as a white unspotted form, tinged with rose on the sepals, but the base of each petal is yellow, with several light brown radiating lines, just like those on the side lobes of the lip, but rather longer and paler in colour. Thus it is a peloriate variety like O. c. Lady Jane and O. c. Oakfield Sunrise, and the peculiarity is likely to be permanent. The other two are seedling Paphiopedilums whose parentage has unfortunately been lost. One, however, is evidently derived from P. Chamberlainianum and P. villosum, and is thus a form of P. Madiotianum. The inflorescence bears several flowers. The other is a hybrid from P. Spicerianum and some other with tessellated leaves, the mottling being compared with that seen in P. X Harrisianum. It may indeed be partly derived from the latter, and thus a form of P. X Savageanum. The flower is of good size, and the dorsal sepal white, suffused and lined with green in the lower half, the lines becoming purple-brown at the base, where also is a slight purple suffusion from margin to margin ; while a broad purple band extends along the centre from base to apex. The scape is two-flowered. Lelia anceps Leemanni is a large and very richly coloured variety from the colléction of J. Leemann, Esq., West Bank House, Heaton Mersey. The lip may be described as almost saturated with rich purple, even on the disc, so that the usual purple veining is largely obliterated. It is very beautiful. Mr. Edge also encloses a two-flowered scape of the chaste and beautiful Lzlia autumnalis alba, the flower being white throughout except the keels of the lip, which are light yellow. Paphiopedilum x Hera Cambridge Lodge var. is a very beautiful variety sent from the collection of R. I. Measures, Esq., Cambridge Lodge, Camberwell, by Mr. Smith. The dorsal sepal is white, becoming light green in the basal fourth, and regularly marked, except at the margin, with 24 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [JANUARY, 1904. round dark purple blotches, which are only slightly confluent in places. The petals, lip, and staminode have very largely retained the villosum character. The petals are rather short and broad, and spread nearly horizontally. Both shape and colour are excellent. i oo fee PAPHIOPEDILUMS FROM BURY. A BEAUTIFUL series of winter-blooming Paphiopedilums was exhibited at the R.H.S. meeting on December 15th last from the collection ot O. O. Wrigley, Esq., Bridge Hall, Bury, and a fine collection was afterward, forwarded to us by Mr. Rogers. P. insigne is present in force, and includes twenty-seven named varieties, of which no less than eleven are yellow. Most of them have already been described in these pages, and it is surprising to find so much variation among yellow forms. They differ however, in the breadth of the dorsal sepal, and in the distinctness and amount of the spotting, and in some other details, the original Sandere being still the best of a beautiful series. Similar differences are found between the sixteen spotted forms, the beautiful Harefield Hall variety being much the finest of the series. There is a remarkable range of variation in size, and in the number and magnitude of the spots, in some cases being about four times as numerous and only a quarter as large as in others, with a further variation in the relative size of the green and white areas, the spots becoming purple as soon as they extend into the white upper part. The hybrids are a fine series, and include P. X Arthurianum, P. X nitens Wrigleyanum, P. x Sallieri Hyeanum, P. X aureum Marion, having the light brown spots partially confluent in lines, and P. X Leeanum ‘magnificum and Clinkaberryanum. The latter is an enormous flower, with the dorsal sepal only a line under three inches broad, and bearing numerous small spots, and the petals an inch across. It received an Award of Merit. P. xX Tityus and its variety superbum, with P. xX Pollettianum superbum, are richly coloured forms of great beauty, having the dorsal sepal finely spotted, while in the handsome P. x Swinburnei ‘magnificum the,spots are most conspicuous on the petals. Lastly must be mentioned a_ two-flowered scape of P. xX Schillianum. It is a very ‘beautiful series, and the splendid development of the flowers shows evidence of excellent culture. These plants are invaluable for winter blooming. In connection with the yellow forms of P. insigne mentioned above it may be interesting to reproduce the group of six varieties exhibited at the Horticultural Hall, Boston, in January, 1900, by John E. Rothwell, Esq., Brookline, Mass., to which the Silver Medal of the Massachusetts Horticultural Society was awarded. The variety Laura Kimball, in the JANUARY, 1904.| THE ORCHID REVIEW. 25 upper left hand corner, and Sandere, in the centre, have each three flowers by the position of the names on" and the rest one, and they may be recognisec underneath. They differ chiefly in shape and in the details of colouring. > a = oan 7. = —< — — Zz. Par ‘ < - = - - me a Tear 's a = z < Y » RR << — af = s we < om = nN Oo Z, ~ ~ 26 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [JANUARY, 1904. CALENDAR OF OPERATIONS FOR JANUARY. By JOHN Mackay, The Gardens, Highbury, Birmingham. WITH the advent of a New Year commences another cycle of hopes and aspirations for the more or less ardent Orchid grower, and as without hope one would make little or no progress, without effort our hopes and anticipations would, so to speak, be doomed to disappointment, therefore it is necessary to know how and when to make an effort, and direct our capabilities into the right quarter. The monthly Calendar of Operations is given with this object in view, that those having less experience in the practice of Orchid growing may glean something from those more fortunate, and at the same time it enables us to record our own experiences, so that even those who may have had a greater and longer experience in Orchid cultivation may find something which may add to their already extended mine of information. We will take it for'granted that we all know some- thing of our subject, and therefore dispense with otherwise necessary explanations of terms used in our profession. To understand each cther it will be better perhaps to describe the various departments in a general collection of Orchids, so that when referred to in future issues, under their proper headings, we shall be understood, and also that anyone having the slightest pretension to be an Orchid amateur may know what he can grow with the accommodation at his disposal. It will be proper at this season to take the Cool department first, in which are grown such well-known kinds as Odontoglossum crispum, O. Pescatorei, O. Rossii, Disas, Masdevallias, and a great many others. The houses for these should be so built that an abundance of air can be given, both top and bottom. The temperature of this department should vary from 50° to 60°, taking the former for the central figure during the winter months,say from the end of October to the beginning of April, when, during most of the time, it is necessary to use fire-heat. For the remainder of the year the latter figure will be more the central point, and all efforts should tend to keep the temperature below or somewhat near that point, by judicious damping, airing, and shading; and, oftentimes, by these means, in the hottest weather, the internal temperature can be kept considerably below that of the outside. _ We now take the other extreme, namely, the East Indian department, and here it is not so much a difficulty of keeping it cool, but warm enough, and consequently fire-heat plays a great part almost the whole year round. The temperature now should be :—Night 60°, or a trifle above, according to outside conditions ; and day 65°, and more if induced by sun-heat. Between the two extremes we have the Cattleya house and Intermediate department. The first describes itself by the name, and is so called because January, 1904] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 27 most species of Cattleya from the Alpine regions of South America thrive under the existing conditions of the house, while those requiring a degree or so more warmth, or vice versa, can generally be accommodated at the warmest or coolest end as required. The temperature should now be 60°, a few degrees more during the day, and a few less at night. The Intermediate house is one having a temperature intermediate between the Cattleya house and the Cool one, and is better suited to the requirements of the grower when divided into two divisions, where varying degrees of warmth and moisture may prevail suitable to the inhabitants. Then in large establishments there is what is known as a Mexican house, which is chiefly devoted to Mexican Lelias, and others, such as L. anceps, L. autumnalis, L. grandiflora (majalis), &c., and it is a wise plan to have such a house, as these plants are great lovers of sunlight, but where a separate house is not provided they can generally be found a place by themselves in the Cattleya house. Having noted the various departments, it will be wise to take a glance through them, noting what is in bloom and the condition and treatment required by the general occupants. In the Cool house we first note that Odontoglossum crispum, Pescatorei, constrictum, Sanderianum, and others of this section, have various members of their respective species in bloom, whilst others are in full growth. The latter will require to be kept moister at the root than those in bloom, or nearly so, but providing the proper amount of moisture be present in the air none of the plants should be given water enough to keep the compost in a sodden condition. In flower we have O. Rossii and O. Cervantesii hanging overhead, and although these appreciate moisture, they should not be dipped immediately the material shows signs of becoming dry. Epidendrum vitellinum is also in this house, and gives a brilliant effect when in bloom. ‘The plants are now at rest, and should only have water given them at long intervals, otherwise the leaves will turn yellow and fall off. Ada aurantiaca, though of a different character, produces flowers of a similar hue ; the plants are now in full growth, and therefore should have plenty of water at the root. Oncidiums are also represented here, such as. O. varicosum, now at rest, and hence to be kept on the dry side; O. Marshallianum, just commencing to grow, and thus requiring more water, though, as a rule, this plant produces more roots when kept slightly on the dry side at this season. O. incurvum succeeds when given the same treat- ment as Odontoglossums. In the case of O. olivaceum, now pushing up its spikes from the perfectly made growths, guard against over-watering the plant, or the spikes may damp off. Masdevallias are, I regret to say, not so popular as formerly. They require to have a few degrees more warmth at this season than that given 28 _ THE ORCHID REVIEW. [January, 1904. for the above. This may be done by keeping them at the warmest end of the house, or in a compartment by themselves. They should all be kept more or less on the dry side, as harm is done by keeping these plants in too moist a condition during winter. With the Masdevallias may be grown ‘Cymbidium eburneum, elegans, Mastersii, and Devonianum, all of which thrive in a moist corner, excepting the latter, which should be given a hanging position. These are potted in a mixture of loam and peat, and in ‘consequence do not dry up so quickly, so that, with a good watering now and again, they will go a long time without injury. It is not possible to deal with all the different Orchids in the Cool houses, so that we will pass on to the Intermediate department, where we find the Lycastes—a genus which ought to be more largely cultivated. L. Skinneri is now pushing up its flower spikes, yet should still be kept moderately dry; also L. plana, now in bloom. The deciduous kinds, such as L. aromatica, consobrina, cochleata, &c., and the strong growing kinds, L. lanipes, Barringtoniz, and mesochlena, must be kept dry, except when shrivelling is apparent, then a little water should be given. The same remarks will apply to Anguloas. Sobralias should never be kept dry for long at a time, and if the drainage is good water may be applied when the surface becomes dry. - Miltonia vexillaria at dis period is an intermediate subject, and being now in full growth, requires very careful management, fluctuations of temperature, an over-saturated atmosphere, and insufficient ventilation, being the chief things to guard against. The plants should be looked over frequently, as the edges of the inner young leaves adhere to each other, and may be released with a pointed stick, or the thin part of a budding- knife handle. A sharp look-out for thrips is necessary, and if suspicious of their presence fumigate slightly with XL All, and sponge the leaves with clean tepid water to remove dust and dirt. : Another beautiful intermediate Orchid is Odontoglossum citrosmum, which should be grown in baskets or pans, suspended from the roof. Having finished growing, as far as last season’s growth is concerned, keep them dry, to induce the formation of flower spikes in the succeeding growths that are just beginning to show themselves. The plants will not suffer, even if the pseudobulbs shrivel, as they soon plump up again when given a good watering, and this may be done on the appearance of the flower spikes. In the Cattleya house with few exceptions the occupants are at rest, the exception being C. intermedia, which is now sending up its slender growths. C. Warneri is also pushing forward. These two should be given a light and warm position. All should be watered sparingly and carefully, only giving sufficient to prevent unnatural shrivelling. C. Trianz and its JANUARY, 1904.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 29: varieties, and C. Percivaliana, should be kept more moist now they are pushing up their flower buds, but as soon as the flowers are open give little: or no water until later in the year. Lelia anceps and varieties of L. autumnalis being in flower, will last longer if the air around them be kept moderately dry, little water being: required. L. crispa is now making new growths, but should still be kept. on the dry side. Plenty of L. purpurata have not all finished growing. yet, and will take no harm by giving them more moisture at the root. Ccelogyne cristata does best at the coolest end of the house, and is now in the interesting condition of flower production. Considerable care is necessary when watering not to wet the bract enclosing the buds, or they may turn black and decay. We now come to the Warm or East Indian house, where we have so: many subjects that only a very few can be mentioned now. The Vandas: Aérides and such like plants require little moisture other than that afforded: by damping down, for it is preferable to damp between the receptacles than to water the plants to keep the moss alive. Angracums require more water as they are now rooting, and in some instances sending out their flower spikes. Phalznopsis, which require the heat and other conditions. of this house, are really better managed when occupying a house to them,. selves, they are now making a fine display, such species as P. amabilis,. grandiflora, Schilleriana, Stuartiana, and the natural hybrids leucorrhoda: and casta are at their best. A genial moist atmosphere must be maintained. as much less water need be given to the plant direct when it is present in- the air. It is remarkable how dry some of these plants may be kept with- out injury, the roots keeping much longer when treated so. The beautiful Eulophiella Elizabethe has nearly completed growth, and if kept rather drier at the root now, will help the plant to send up its flower spikes. Keep the temperature generally as near the required standard as possible, keep up the requisite degree of humidity, and the air pure and sweet if possible, with careful ventilation, and, as previously advised, keep. most of the plants on the dry side, and little harm will reach them during this month. HABENARIA CARNEA. WITH respect to the beautiful specimen of Habenaria carnea figured as the. frontispiece to our last volume, we omitted to state that the excellent photograph was taken by Mr. J. E. Edwards, secretary to H. J. Elwes, Esq. As to the method of culture adopted, we have received the: following interesting note from Mr. Walters :— ‘“‘ The culture practised here differs but little from that followed at Kew 30 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [JANUARY, 1904. and elsewhere, success or failure wholly depending on careful potting and watering. As soon as the plants are at rest, they should be re-potted, care being taken in turning them out, as the majority of the new tubers will be found among the drainage of the pan. Pot in a good porous compost of peat, loam, and sphagnum, adding finely-broken crocks and sand in quantity. Place them in a rather shady corner of the Warm house, where they will be free from drip and the syringe, as water, if allowed to lodge on the plants, soon disfigures the beautiful foliage. The rate at which this species increases is somewhat remarkable, for the plant figured had five tubers when potted in December, 1901, but when re-potted in December, 1903, it had nineteen tubers.” Colesborne Park, Cheltenham. W. H. WALTERS. oe os NEOMOOREA IRRORATA.—It would appear that the remarkable Orchid, Moorea irrorata, requires to be renamed, the generic name Moorea being preoccupied, having been applied to the well-known Pampas Grass as long ago as 1855; a fact which has been overlooked until recently. The history of the question has recently been given by Dr. Stapf (Gard. Chron., 1903, ii., p. 399). The Pampas Grass, with three other species, has recently been separated from Gynerium, under the name of Cortaderia (Stapf in Gard. Chron., 1897, ii., p- 357), but Moorea was applied to the plant over forty years earlier, and therefore is not available for the Orchid genus, which may be amended to Neomoorea. Neomoorea irrorata, Rolfe, is well figured at t. 7262 of the Botanical Magazine, and its history was given in this work - some time ago (vol. ix., p. 158). It is a very striking plant, and at present very rare in cultivation. : THE HYBRIDIST. L#LIO-CATTLEYA X Lypia.—A very pretty novelty was exhibited by Messrs. Charlesworth & Co. at the Drill Hall, Westminster, on December 15th, under the above name, of which flowers are now sent. It was raised from Lelia Cowanii 2 and Cattleya Gaskelliana alba 3, and has flowers fairly intermediate in shape, and of a pleasing bright canary yellow colour throughout, except that the disc of the lip is of a deeper yellow shade. The sepals and petals are at present two inches long, and the latter 3 in. across. The lip is three-lobed, with the front lobe prettily undulate, and the side lobes when spread out extend to r} inches broad. It is an interesting addition to the group, and should develop into a striking thing when the plant becomes strong. St at eee Sit) Mag ee AE: 3 tee Stes Ey Re eee ge ae eS IE See ee ge a ae 6 Se ite eg eee Spore a ee ret tp eee te ee : . a 4 January, I¢04.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 31 NOTES. THE Royal Horticultural Society will hold two meetings at the Drill Hall, Buckingham Gate, Westminster, during January, on the 5th and 26th, when the Orchid Committee will meet at the usual hour, 12 o’clock noon. The Manchester and North of England Orchid Society will hold meet- ings at the Coal Exchange, Manchester, on January 8th and 22nd. The Committee meets at 12 noon, and the exhibits are open to inspection from I to 3 p.m. We regret to learn, through the Gartenflova for December 15th, that Consul F. C. Lehmann, the well-known collector, has been drowned in ‘Columbia. We hope to give some particulars of his work in our next issue. An important Horticultural Exhibition will be held at Turin, from May roth to 25th next, being the first of its kind which has been held in Italy. The exhibition will be held in the Parc du Valentin, under the patronage of the King, and will comprise 289 classes for plants, flowers, fruits, and horticultural accessories generally. It is interesting to note that a good plant of Paphiopedilum Charles- ‘worthii at Kew is now carrying a twin-flowered scape, as the species is not often seen in this condition. Three beautiful Paphiopedilums are sent fram the collection of J. Leeman, Esq., Heaton Mersey. P. X Calypso Froebelii is of excellent shape, and has a very richly coloured dorsal sepal. P. x Evelyn Ames has far more of the P. Boxallii character than the preceding, especially in the shape of the flower, and yet, according to the records, it is a hybrid between P. X Calypso and P. X Leeanum. The ovary, however, is not villose. The third is supposed to have been derived from P. x Leeanum giganteum X P. X Bruno, and much resembles the former in general -character, but the dorsal gat is closely dotted with light purple nearly all over, and very effective. A very pretty hybrid is sent from the collection of Mrs. Hollond, Wonham, Bampton, which we take to be a form of P. x Leeanum. It has the general character of the latter, and the dorsal sepal is’ very prettily blotched with purple, except for the pure white margin, which is half-an-inch broad. The seed was sown five years ago. Tur Orcuip STup-Book.—We have to thank several correspondents for communications respecting this work (see p. 353 of our last issue) and in reply we beg to say that further details will be given next month. | 32 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [JANUARY, 190}. ORCHID PORTRAITS. CATTLEYA GUTTATA PrRINzII.—Fourn. Hort., 1903, ii, p. 599, with fig. CATTLEYA LABIATA.—A mer. Card., 1903, p. 655, with fig. VAR. ALBA— Amer. Gard., 1903, p. 655, with fig. CORYANTHES SPECIOSA.—Gard. Mag., 1903, p. 823, with fig. CYPRIPEDIUM X ARTHURIANUM PULCHELLUM.—/Journ. Hort., 1903, il, PP- 574, 575, with fig. CYPRIPEDIUM (PAPHIOPEDILUM) GLAUCOPHYLLUM, J. J. Sm.—Gard. Chron., 1903, ii, p. 405, fig. 161, with suppl. tab. CyYPRIPEDIUM INSIGNE HAREFIELD ene VAR.—Garden, 1903, il, p- 431, with fig. CYPRIPEDIUM X VILLE DE ParRis.—Gard. Mag., 1903, p. 839, with fig. L2LIA ANCEPS OWENIANA.—Journ. Hort., 1903, il, pp. 530, 531, with fig. L&LIA X HELEN.—Gard. Chron., 1903, il, p. 417, fig. 165. L#LIO-CATTLEYA X Decia.—Fourn. Hort., 1903, ii, pp. 552, 553, with fig. PHAIO-CYMBIDIUM X CHARDWARENSE.—Journ. Hort., 1903, p. 507; with fig. PHAL#NoPSIS MARIZ.—Journ. Hort., 1903, ii, p. 599, with fig. RESTREPIA ANTENNIFERA, H. B. et. K.—Bot. Mag., t. 7930. VANDA INSIGNIS, Blume.—Wien Ill. Gart. Zeit., 1963, p. 433, t. I. VANDA X MARGUERITE MAron.—Rev. Hort., 1903, p. 574, with tab., fig. I. VANDA SUAVIS.—Kev. Hort., 1903, p. 574, with tab., fig. 3. VANDA TERES.—Rev. Hort., 1903, p. 574, with tab., fig. 2. CORRESPONDENCE. x aon glared not answered here may a replies to their soda on — pages, and in some Ss, for various reasons, they m noe have t : over for a future issue. In the case of hybrid cerdlangs sent for name, the é parentage a hed history should always be ie ‘tefly stated, for without hese details we are not always able to el with ey satisfactorily, ) H.G.A.— Maxillaria ochrolenca. I.B., Zurich.—Liparis grossa, Rchb. f., a native of Burma. F.M.B.—Epidendrum ciliare. W.M.A.—The large caterpillar feeding within the imported Cattleya bulb is unlike anything we have seen before, We will try to get it identified. —The cepa centipede may have been in the compost of the Ccoelogyne cristata before § % was hung We not remember a similar case of the base of the bulb being eaten out in _ nities ‘but the presciinn of the insect seems a snfficient proof that it was the cause of the mischief. 0st ‘oidably postponed till next month. MURRAY'S PATENT ORCHID STAND. If you want to grow Orchids to perfection and for profit ‘“‘Try a few on Stands.” Pronounced by most of the leading Orchid Growers to be perfection. MILLIONS SOLD. ape by William Murray, late Orcnid to N.C. isq.; now wit American Works, Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C 145; Price List a full information fro The borate Whire Works, Ztd., EWCASTLE-ON-TYNE. ORCHIDS. NSPECTION of a om and varied Stock of Orchids, and new range of ORCHID HOUSES, is respectfully invited. __ORGHIDS. Rare and Choice Cyprinediums, —" &c. iali DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUES POST FREE. em A.J. KEELING & SONS, Orchid Growers & Fmporters, THE GRANGE NURSERIES, Westgate Hill, Bradford, Yorks. H. A. BURBERRY'S system of personally Giving Ad- vice and Demonstrating Methods of Orchid Cultivation insures suc- cess and satisfaction. One gentleman says: ‘I consider your visit has been worth £100 to me.’ All desirous of eerie the benefit of his long exper in matters affecting the wellare of thelt Orchids, should communicate with him, and he will glad wait on them when in the vicinity, at a very small fee. H. A. B. attends Orchid Sales, and will be pleased to receive com- missions to buy for those who cannot attend. AvDREss: Ethel House, King’s Heath, BIRMINGHAM, SANDERS QROHID GUIDE ALL THE wEST Kwow SPECIES AND ETIES OF ORCHIDS. IN CULTIVATION. Their flo ascii seasc uion, temperatures, &e. Concise, oe ee & useful, BS = =a = e a ui ot 5 “rb 0 ~ = g ° ~ 2 =} +) Watering, potting, ventilation, together with NAMES and ik ten NTAGES 0 + ng the KNOWN YBRID ORC Arranged in ae aaa mam so that all Hybr rids decived from each species or hybrid may be ascertained at a glance. pages, strongly bound. Indispensable ara 4 Amateur & Expeit. Pri Os. 6d. Ow DA. Bringing this phe work up-to we: th the Gade, THE — date. boul in v or cae in ag alg SANDER a SONS. ST. ALBANS.. ORCHIDS. Those especially who contemplate forming a Collection would profit by consulting STANLEY, ASHTON & Co. SOUTHGATE, LONDON. N., whose advice and plants would be found equally good. ORTED CATTLEYA HARRISONLE . 3 leads, 2/6 each i "= 4 OF cities leads, 3/6’ ,; ONCIDIUM CRISPUM i 6 bulbs, 2/6 ,, ae : re to re ; Sf es + VARIC osuM RoG ERSII 3 to 5 L/Go vs to 6 2/6 ‘ MILTONIA CANDIDA 2 and 3 leads, 2/6 ,, sie 3 and 4 3/- HOOL EY BROS., mporters and Growe BI TTERNE | PARK, SOU THA MPTON. ORCHIDE.. Many species from the mountains of CENTRAL SUMATRA shortly arriving. Cash Purchasers Wanted. Mr. G. ROH, Apotpa, rERMANY. Address: ODONTOGLOSSUM CRISPUM, Choice of Fine Varieties. Selected O. crispum, with large and round flowers for Exhibition purposes. F Bis C LA E S. GROWER, 63 Rue maps, (End of Avenne, d'Auderghem), ETTERBEEK, BRUSSELS. IMPORTER and EAST INDIAN ORCHIDS. DELIVERED TO ANY ADDRESS. WHOLESALE OR RETAIL. Price List on application to S. P. CHATTERJEE, Victoria Nursery, CALCUTTA. ORCHID PEAT. FINEST QUALITY IN. ENGLAND. Selected Sample; Solid Fibre; Three 0/-. Bushel Bag 4 ' PEAT DUST for Azaleas, &c., 8s. per bag. SAMPLE AND ya esttitaees ON APPLICA A. MAPLES, Badimioow, SHEFFIELD. BEETLECUTF is unrivalled for the Extermination of BEETLES, COCKROACHES, ANTS, WOODLICE, Etc., however numerous. BEETLECUTS is a food these hemeets eat eagerly, an nd in a few hours they become dried up, If used for some ne ission they will be entirely annihilated. Tcama Tins, 6d., Is, Taster 2s. 6d. Filled. Bellows 9d. Retail Everywhere E PROPRIETO VALLS & C0., 6 Cilemen Street, London, E.C. Orchids! Orchids! POSSOOOEEOTE EOE HOOF OFHHOOH4OOO 4) JOHN COWAN & CO. HAVE AN IMMENSE STOCK OF ORCHIDS CONSISTING OF Tens of Thousands of HEALTHY, VIGOROUS, oy alyales PLANTS, in great Variety ; and additions are constantly being made by the Purchasing of Private Collections and otherwise. They earnestly invite the dba of intending purchasers. The Company are constantly receiving ae of Orchids from various parts of the world, all of eg they Offer for Sale by Private Treaty as they come to hand, at very reasonable Pri Descriptive and Priced Catalogues of their Stock of Established Orchids, as well as of each arta tation as tt comes to hand, wll be sent Lost Free on application to the Company. Gateacre Nurseries, Gateacre, near Liverpool. WOTICE TOCRLADLICS ‘OF A a ORCHID REVIEW oo ET Di eB RAN LE SRE A Norice of the Orchid Stud-Book appeared in our December issue. This work has been compiled, upon a uniform plan, up to the end of 1903, giving the name, parentage, raiser or exhibitor, and date of appearance, with references to descriptions and figures, and other matters, and will be published as soon as possible. iinet t is intended to contipue the records monthly in the Orcuip Review, as far as possible on the same system, thus giving a ready means of reference to existing hybrids, and, we hope, a means of checking the growing confusion into which the subject has fallen. Further details will appear next month. ore @ tree: PENCE Dhoto Engravers Designers ¢« Illustrafers == ee Fine Art Process Enaravers Vi IN COLOUR,TONE,OR LINE ff SPECIALISTS IN Central Photo Eng-Ce. 37 Lower MosieyS* MANCHESTER. ZINC AND COPPER PLATES, F. IRELAND, & $n Line and alf=Tonestor all Artiste Manager. and Mercantile Purposes. ENGRAVERS OF THE ILLUSTRATIONS IN THE “ORCHID REVIEW.” ORCHIDS A SPECIALITY. Messrs. Charlesworth & Co. Heaton, BRADFORD, Have a large and fine stock of established and imported OrcHIps. INSPECTION INVITED. By Special Appointment to ~- His Majesty the King. ORCHIDS! ORCHIDS QUANTITY IMMENSE. Inspection of our New Range of Houses IS CORDIALLY INVITED BY HUGH LOW & 60,, BUSH HILL PARK, iM 3 fd) ie) oe ORCHIDS. Clean, healthy, well-grown plants -at reasonable rices ; many large specimens and rare varieties. CHOICE DENDROBES A SPECIALITY. Please write for List. JAMES CYPHER, EXOTIC NURSERIES, CHELTENHAM. ORCHIDS! ORCHIDS}! JUST RECEIVED A GRAND IMPORTATION OF WANDA CC:RULEA, And other EAST INDIAN ORCHIDS. PRICES, WITH SAMPLES, ON APPLICATION. J, W. MOORE, LTD., Orchid Importers, RAWDON, near LEEDS, J. WEEKS 2:60. E46. orticultural Builders To His Majesty, H.R.H. the Prince of Wales, H.M. Government, Dept., Royal Parks and Public Buildings. “HORTU apap ** LONDON, nape Upright Tubular Boilers. KING’S ROAD, CHELSEA, S.W. baa eomeutge MANCHESTER & NORTH OF ENGLAND Orcbtdo- ‘Society. = eae THE COAL EXCHANGE, MARKE ACE, MANCHESTER. The next MEETIN GS of the COMMITTEE tigen I to ; ocloc ot nal Hon. Sec Botanical Gardens, Manchester. ORCHID HOUSES mw SPECIALLY. FOR Conservatories, Orchid Houses, Ferneries, Cucumber and Melon Houses, Vineries, ete. CRISPIN’S All Classes of Hot Water Boilers and Heating Apparatus. Printed by R. W. Simpson & Co., Ltd. Richmond Press, Sheen Road, Richmond, Surrey. Subscriptions for 1904 are mow due. VoL XII.] FEBRUARY, 1904, [No. 134. DHE ORCHID REVIEW: fn Zllustrated Monthly Journal of Orchidology. Contents. PAGE PAGE Calendar of Operations for February... 2 | Orchid Portrait ; vet eres. | Cattleya X mollis var oi ... 48 | Orchids from Ga itton Park | a eRe Cattleya & Thayeriana ( Fig. LO) ai 48, 49 | Orchids in seaso ae 5 oe Coelogyne Dayana ... oe 3 ae 7 | Orchids twenty- See years ago a eis 1g Correspondence, &v. .» 64 | Orchis morio “8: Ria te: Cypripedium insigne in small po a 4 , Paphiopedilum x Mor; ganiz (Fig. 15)... -4! yanconteee X prismato- compe (Fi ig. 17) 7 | Paphiopedilum x Ni obe, pollen of sani eG His of Orchid Cultivation... alae ae 3c Sette ont pre! bes Bu Ae me aie - 60 Hybriaist 8 | nance of a Buttonhole . = geo acuminato-anc eps 8 | R.H.S. Orchid pe ag wre ce Paphiope edilum xX Victorinus 58 | Societies 5 -aphiopedilum “a ricpye 8 | Manchester and “North of Engl and vpn the g 46 | ne : Notes 62 | Roy a Sioriealiarel =e ae J. SSG Obituary 45 | ve V — COTIOS vs a so fue | a oe ‘tn Le hmann - 45 a Hookeriana. vas ies Cae ay Odontoshesitn x loochristiense | 61 2 SEE SPECIAL NOTIGE OPPOSITE PAGE 3 OF WRAPPER. PRICE SIXPENCE MONTHLY. Post FREE '7/- PER ANNUM PAYABLE IN ADVANCE. . All Communications should be addressed to the Editor, as overleaf. Trade suppliea iy— MARSHALL BROTHERS, Keswick House, PATERNOSTER Row, Lonpon, E.C. [Zhe right of reproduction ts reserved.| SANDER & SONS, «a. Largest Importers and Growers of Orchids in the World. . . NOTICES. The ORCHID REVIEW is published regularly at the ae of each month, rice 6d. net. Annual Subscription, post free, 7/-, payable i in advan The Editor invites communications on_ interesting subjects (which should be written on one side of the paper only), a a panna &c., of rarities. oO All Subscriptions, Advertise: Communications and Books for review, should * be addressed :—The Eprrork oF THE OrCHID REviEw, Lawn Crescent, Cheques" and Postal Orders should be made payable to FRANK LESLIE & CS. and, to — ensure safety in transit, should be crossed ‘ & Co. Yolumes I. to XI. can be supplied unbound at 6/-, or bound in cloth, 7/6, postal extra. Cost of postage: “S post, gd. per volume ; parcel post within the United © Kingdom only, 5d. per volum Also cases for binding eee volume at 1/6 each, post free throughout the postal union. SCALE OF CHARGES FOR ADVERTISEMENTS. Ss. & sa Five lines and under in column... O 2 6 Half column or quarter page... O 12 0 Per line after we OF OS One baci patent or half page... . 1 Sam ‘One-eighth coluinn., or ee LO VV hole pag 2 Ca Quarter colunin or eighth ieee “a oF © Advertisements and late news should be received not later than the 24th of the nonth Booksellers IV holesaile Orders should be dent to MARSHALL BROTHERS, Keswick Houser, PaTERNosTER Row, Lonpon, E.C. TANGUTICUS. ennial from Central China. The flowers are yellow, produced in dense terminal panicles on stems six to seven feet high, during the month-of September. Oe Award of Merit from the Royal Horticultural Society, September. th, 1903. Price 3s. 6d. each; 868, per dozen DELIVERY IN APRIL, 1904. James Veitch & Sons, CHELSEA, S. Ww. Waeeeeairintieretcsocemiireine ey a A new and distinct hardy pet j } q SENECIO THE ORCHID REVIEW. VoL. XII.] FEBRUARY, Fine ; [No. 134. THE HISTORY OF ORCHID CULTIVATION. (Continued from vol. xi., p. 325.) ONE of the most noteworthy events of 1850 was the flowering, for the first time in Europe, of the remarkable Cypripedium caudatum, in the collection of Mrs. Lawrence, of Ealing Park. It was exhibited at a meeting of the Horticultural Society on March roth, and was awarded a large Silver Medal. It was figured in the first volume of Paxton’s Flower Garden (t. 9), though in the text it was hopelessly confused with another species (C. Hartwegii). | It is said to have been introduced to cultivation by M. J. Linden. Respecting the remarkable petals Lindley wrote as follows :—‘‘ The petals are the extraordinary part of the species. In most Lady’s-slipper flowers they are short, here they extend into the most curious narrow tails, which hang down and wave in the wind, ina manner of which we have in gardens no other such example, not even in the genus of Strophanths. What adds to the curiosity of these singular appendages is the fact, first remarked by Mrs. Lawrence, that they are quite short when the flower begins to open and that they acquire length day by day, at a rate which would enable an attentive observer to see them grow. This lady has favoured us with some measurements made by herself, from which we learn that— When the flower first opened, the petals were #? inch long. During the second day they grew is ..». - 32 inches. On the third day they advanced ... ... 4 inches more. The growth of the fourth day amounted to. ... 4 inches. And on the fifth day still extended. .. 54 inches. At this time the growth is supposed to aes EATS the petals having in four days lengthened 173 inches, and being about 184 inches long when full grown., The reason of this marvellous structure seems to deserve inquiry at the hands of some proficient in the doctrine of final causes. There is evidently a tendency towards it in other Orchids, as for example, in Brassias, . some Oncidiums, the genus Cirrhopetalum, and the long-tongued Habenarias.” [It may here be interpolated that 34 THE ORCHID REVIEW. (FEBRUARY, 1904- the petals of well-grown examples are now known to attain a length of thirty-two inches. | Lindley here gave an enumeration of the tropical Cypripedes then known, the.number being ten, seven of them Asiatic and three American. The work just mentioned was commenced at this period, as a monthly journal, under the editorship of John Lindley and Joseph Paxton, and replaced to some extent the defunct Botanical Register, for in addition to— coloured plates of the more striking novelties, certain pages were set apart for “Gleanings and Original Memoranda,” some of the plants being illus- trated by woodcuts, and, as might have been anticipated from Dr. Lindley’s connection with the work, the interests of Orchidology were well looked after. It may be interesting to enumerate the Orchids illustrated in colour in the first volume, which were as follows :-—Cattleya Walkeriana (t. 3), . Oncidium hematochilum (t. 6), Cypripedium caudatum (t. 9), Trichopilia suavis (t. 11), Odontoglossum Cervantesii (t. 15), O. nevium (t. 18), Oncidium sessile (t. 21), Cattleya labiata (t. 24), Dendrobium transparens. (t. 27), Epidendrum longipetalum (t. 30), Oncidium variegatum (t. 33), and : Vanda ceerulea (t. 36), just one-third of the whole, and it may be noticed that one Orchid appeared in each number. A few of these deserve to be further noticed. Odontoglossum nevium is said to have been “sent to England several years since by Sir R. Schomburgk, and was exhibited by Mr. Loddiges at one of the Spring Meetings of the Horticultural Society in the present year.” The record of origin, however, seems open to question, and in any case we are told that M. Linden is offering good plants of this and O. odoratum “at the modest price of two guineas each.” Trichopilia suavis was another beautiful novelty, which flowered in the collection of R. S. Holfoid, Esq... and also about the same time with Mrs. Lawrence and Mr. Loddiges. Of Vanda coerulea we read :—‘‘The honour of having introduced this. glorious plant belongs to Messrs. Veitch, who received it from their invaluable traveller, Mr. Thomas Lobb.” Lelia grandis now appeared for the first time (p. 60, fig. 38), being sent to Lindley by M. Morel, of Paris, with whom it flowered. A woodcut of Calanthe vestita also appeared (p. 106, fig. 72). This plant was described as a very handsome terrestrial Orchid introduced from Burma, by Messrs. Veitch, and we read :—* A large silver medal, the highest ever given in Regent Street, was awarded to this plant by the Horticultural Society on the 7th of Nov., 1848, when it was exhibited by Messrs. Veitch for the first time. Oncidium varicosum (p. 106) was described as a fine stove Orchid from Brazil, introduced by M. Jonghe, of Brussels, and Rowered at ee in October 1849. FEBRUARY, 1904.| THE ORCHID REVIEW. 35° One other remarkable novelty should be mentioned, namely, Uropedium Lindenii (p. 72), which was described as an extraordinary Orchid with all the habit of the long-tailed Lady’s-slipper, but the lip of exactly the same form as the petals. It was introduced by M. Linden, and flowered in May in the collection of M. Pescatore, of Celle St. Cloud, near Paris. It is now known to be an abnormal state of the Orchid just mentioned. Orchid culture was now making. great progress, and we find in the Gardener’s Chronicle for 1850 accounts of sales, by Stevens, of 200 lots of South American Orchids collected by Warscewicz ; of 194 lots collected by M. J. Linden; and of 232 lots from Central India; the prices ranging trom ten shillings to £9, the latter amount being obtained for a good plant of Lelia superbiens. We also find a notice of the sale of part of ‘‘ Mr. Bate- man’s celebrated collection of Orchids,” the advertisement stating that ‘‘The Committee for providing a Church, Parsonage, and Schools in the wild, populous, and neglected district of Biddulph Moor, are happy to in- form the growers of Orchidaceous Plants, that Mr. Bateman, in promotion of this important object, has generously placed at their disposal about 400 of his SPECIMEN PLANTs, among which wil] be found nearly all the rarest and most beautiful species at present in cultivation. These will be submitted for unreserved sale by Mr. STEVENS at his Great Room, King Street, Covent Garden, on TuEspay, the r1th day of June, on the morning of which they will be on view,” &c. A subsequent note appeared of some of the prices obtained, from which a few extracts will be interesting. Angraecum eburneum, a fine specimen, fetched 19 guineas; A. caudatum, two plants in one, each coming into flower, 18 guineas ; Vanda suavis, 17 guineas, Aérides affine and A. odoratum each I4 guineas; Cattleya labiata, 11 guineas; C. Aclandiz, two plants in one, II guineas; C. maxima, 6 guineas; Saccolabium guttatum, a fine plant 114 guineas; S.ampullaceum, ro guineas; Leelin Perrini, a fine plant, £11 ;. L. crispa, £4 10s. ; Coelogyne cristata, 7 guineas, Coryanthes Fieldingii (a remarkable plant which now seems to have been completely lost sight of), 7 guineas ; Odontoglossum citrosum, £3 Ios. ; Dendrobium densiflorum, fine plant, £11 6s.; D. Veitchianum, 6 guineas; D. Devonianum, £4; D. transparens, £4 5s.; D. nobile, £3 5s.; Miltonia spectabilis, £4 ; variety with wholly purple flowers (no doubt Moreliana), £5 15s. ; Phalaenopsis amabilis, £4 5s.; P. grandiflora, £3 5s.; P.. rosea, £1 3s.; Anguloa Rucker, 3 guineas; &c., &c. We also find an announcement of three remarkable Orchids in flower in the Horticultural Society’s garden, at Chiswick. These were :—Lelia superbiens, upwards of six feet across, and bearing nine spikes and an aggregate of ninety flowers ; Dendrobium speciosum, nearly six feet across,. and bearing eighteen spikes ; and Phalznopsis amabilis, with forty flowers. 36 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [ FEBRUARY, IQ04. It is added that the plants ‘‘ have been many years in the Society's posses- -sion. The first and last were, in fact, gigantic specimens when imported.” There was even a proposal to form an Orchid Society, the following note by ‘‘ Dodman,”’ appearing (p. 406) :— ** Orchids, and the Establishment of a new Society relating to them.—I have for some time been satisfied that it would be very dose to establish a small society for the propagation of the knowledge of Orchidaceous plants, recording novelties, and any peculiarities as to their culture, &c. The taste for these plants is spreading daily, and Mr. Bateman’s sale, where the principal growers or their gardeners were collected, reminded me of the Roxburgh Book Club, founded after the great sale of the Roxburgh books. I think from 100 to 200 might be reckoned on; and, say that the subscrip- tions were two guineas per annum, and one guinea entrance, this would enable the Society to defray the small expense of periodical meetings, and probably to publish a small journal.’’ Then followed suggestions as to -details, which need not be repeated, and we may add in conclusion that nothing further appears to have been heard of the proposal. The same writer had two articles entitled, ‘‘ Orchids for the Million ”’ (p. 308, 389), in which he remarked :—‘‘ I hear almost every day of some new person starting up (undeterred by the supposed great difficulties of cultivation), who is willing to make an attempt at growing a few Orchids, and further, I find that the collectors in the upper classes are also increasing. A small house for the growing the more easily cultivated Orchids may be had at a small cost; and I do not know any one class of plants that are so fit for the management of the amateur, as they afford amusement and occupation for all the year round ; and there is scarcely a day in the year but there will be some one plant or another in flower.” He then went into details about some existing Orchid houses, gave a design for a cheap house, and a list of about 200 species, comprising the best in general cultivation, and concluded by saying that ‘ collectors in all quarters are ransacking the forests, &c., to send home plants,” and that a friend in Penang had written: ‘Our jungles are nearly stripped of all the Orchidaceous plants, such has been the demand for them of late.”’ The Gardeners’ Chronicle for 1851 was distinguished by a series of over twenty articles on Orchid Culture, by Mr. B. S. Williams, gardener to C. B. Warner, Esq., of Hoddesdon, entitled ‘Orchids for‘the Million,” which was afterwards expanded into the Orchid-Grower’s Manual, a work which has since gone through seven editions, and contributed enormously to the popularisation of these beautiful plants. We find also an article by Dodman on Orchid Exhibitions, in which he complains that prizes are only offered for good culture, which results in much sameness, large specimens appearing over and over again, until one almost. knew beforehand FEBRUARY, 1904.) THE ORCHID REVIEW. “7° what to look for. He thought that the exhibition of more varied collections should be encouraged. And among notices of Orchid sales we find an announcement that Mr. Rucker’s collection was to be disposed of, being the finest that had ever been got together by one individual. The second volume of Paxton’s Flower Garden (1851-2), contained coloured plates of the following Orchids :—Pleione maculata (t. 39, fig. 1), P, lagenaria (fig. 2), Vanda tricolor (t. 42), Cattleya pallida (t. 48), Pleione humilis (t. 51), Trichopilia coccinea (t. 54), Dendrobium albosanguineum (t. 57), Aérides roseum (t. 60), Oncidium trilingue (t. 63), Aérides suavissimum (t. 66), Grammatophyllum speciosum (t. 69), and Phalaenopsis rosea (t. 72). The three Pleiones, it may be added, had been introduced by Messrs. Veitch, through their collector, Thomas Lobb; also Vanda tricolor and Dendrobium albosanguineum, while Trichopilia coccinea was a handsome novelty introduced by Warscewicz, and flowered in the garden of the Horticultural Society. The flowering of the Grammatophyllum was an interesting event, and is thus alluded to :— “At last is realised the long cherished wish to see this in flower. After years of patience, Mr. Loddiges succeeds in persuading it to expand a few blossoms last summer, all of which were in a monstrous state except one. Nevertheless, they enabled our artist to prepare the accompanying figure, which gives some idea of what the plant is; only the flowering scape proceeded from the top instead of the bottom of the stem, whence it arises in a natural condition.” The ‘‘ Gleanings and Original Memoranda” again contained notices of various interesting novelties, among which we may mention Bifrenaria Hadweni (now referred to Scuticaria), introduced from Brazil by T. Brockle- hurst, Esq., with whom it flowered, and Cattleya Leopoldi, exhibited by M. Forkel, gardener to the King of the Belgians. The third, and last, volume of Paxton’s Flower Garden (1852-3) contained several very interesting Orchids, the list of coloured plates being as follows :—Cycnoches aureum (t. 75), Cymbidium Mastersii (t. 78), Limatodes rosea (t. 81), Dendrobium fimbriatum (t. 84), Oncidium cucullatum (t. 87), Odontoglossum Pescatorei (t. 90), Mormodes igneum (t. 93), Lelia purpurata (t. 96), Cleisostoma crassifolium (t. 99), Solenidium racemosum (t. 102), and Leliopsis domingensis (t. 105). Two of these plants quite bring us down to modern times. Concerning Lelia purpurata it is remarked :—‘‘One of the most striking novelties which has for a long time been seen was produced by Messrs. Backhouse, of York, at one of the garden meetings of the Horticultural Society, under the name of a new Cattleya from the Island of St. Catherine’s, in Brazil. It had, in fact, much the appearance of Cattleya crispa, or of a white C. labiata, but the experienced eye of one of our most acute Orchidophilists 38 THE ORCHID REVIEW. (FEBRUARY, 1904. suggested to him at the first glance that it was’ probably a Lelia related to L. Perrinii. And such it proved to be when the pollen masses were examined. . . . It is evidently very near the Lelia grandis, another Brazilian species.” ‘Odontoglossum Pescatorei was described as follows:—‘‘ None of our -Odontoglots equal in beauty this most lovely species, to which the smallness of our plate forbids our doing justice. The panicle of large white flowers is from two to three feet high, and not much narrower, so far do the -branches extend. . . . A specimen in flower was sent us last April by Mr. Linden, and when exhibited, although long detained on its road from Brussels, struck all who saw it with admiration. And yet Mr. Linden assures us that those very flowers had been expanded for two months. It had been, in fact, exhibited at a great Horticultural Meeting at Brussels on the 14th March, when it received a prize, which it most richly deserved. We observe that plants are offered for sale by Mr. Linden at from t1oof. to 200f. each—cheap enough. It has been named after the great and liberal French horticulturist, Mons. Pescatore, whose beautiful hothouses at Celle St. Cloud, near Paris, contain, we believe, the finest collection of Orchids known upon the Continent, and are, perhaps, richer in rare species than even the best in England.” Cycnoches aureum is a very remarkable plant which was described as follows :—‘‘ To the very singular race of Swan-Orchises, we have now the gratification of adding a new form, introduced from Central America by Mr. Skinner. It is very near the ‘ Spotted,’ from which it differs in having a shorter and more compact raceme, whole-coloured pale, clear yellow flowers, and a lip, the terminal lobe of which is short and ovate, not long and linear-lanceolate, while the appendages into which the edge of the disc is broken up are short, forked, all radiating from the centre, instead of the uppermost one being bent back, and the two lowest are very considerably larger than the others. Is this a species? or is it a form of C. maculatum, or of some other of this masquerading genus?” It is not stated who flowered it, and it is remarkable that the species should have since been completely lost sight of. Limatodes rosea, now known as Calanthe, was discovered in Moulmein, by Thomas Lobb, and flowered abundantly with Messrs. Veitch in ‘December, 1852; while Mormodes igneum flowered with S. Rucker, Esq., at Wandsworth, and, with some others, is said to have been procured from the rejectamenta of one of Mr. Warscewicz’s Sales. It is a fine species, and -remarkable for its brilliant colour. : The ‘‘ Gleanings and Original Memoranda” also contained some interesting novelties. Dendrobium bigibbum (fig. 245), was introduced from N. W. Australia, and flowered with Messrs. Loddiges, of Hackney. . FEBRUARY, 1904.| _ THE ORCHID REVIEW. 39 Masdevallia Wageneriana (fig. 267), was introduced by M. Linden, who sent a living specimen to Lindley. The latter remarked :—‘‘ Masdevallias are among the most curious plants of their order, and sometimes among .the handsomest. One of them, M. coccinea, which was sold lately at one of Mr. Stevens’ Sales, has large flowers as scarlet as a soldier’s jacket. The majority, however, among which this stands, are as insignificant in appearance as they are singular in structure.” Brassia Keiliana (p. 114), flowered in the collection of Hofrath Keil, at Leipsic. Lindley remarked : —‘*We are indebted for our knowledge of this plant to Mr. H. G. Reichenbach the younger, of Leipsic,” and we may add that it is specially interesting as one of the first of the long series of Garden Orchids described by him. Lastly, we may mention Phalznopsis intermedia (fig. 310), ‘a very fine stove epiphyte,” introduced by Messrs. Veitch, of which Lindley further remarked :—“ It is not improbable that this beautiful plant is a natural mule between P. amabilis and P. rosea. It agrees with the former in foliage and in the tendrils of the lip; with the latter in colour, in the acuteness of its petals, and in the peculiar form of the middle lobe of the lip.. .. . . Flowers half-way in size between P. amabilis and P. rosea.” : The correctness of this shrewd inference has since been proved by direct experiment, and it is significant that at this period no artificial hybrid had flowered. Indeed, Mr. Dominy’s experiments only commenced in 1852, a few months earlier at the outside, and there may have been an even closer connection between the two events. It may be mentioned here that towards the end of 1852 an article appeared in the Gardeners’ Chronicle commencing : — ‘*‘ Do Orchidaceous plants produce hybrids? is a question often asked and never answered satisfactorily. It is probable that they do!” (p. 803). It then goes on to ‘speak of a plant figured and described by Weddell as precisely intermediate between Aceras anthropophora and Orchis militaris (with which it was found growing), as a clear case of hybridity. The Orchid Growers’ Manual was also mentioned (p. 263), as -of the ‘ Orchids for the million’ recently published in our columns, with ‘some additions.”’ This first edition contained 108 pages. A letter to a young Orchid grower (p. 324) contains some shrewd advice _respecting: the formation ofa collection. ‘“‘ If you are very rich,” the writer observes, ‘‘the way is to goto Messrs. Veitch, Messrs. Rollisson, or Mr. Loddiges with your banker’s check-book’’; for new plants “ you give an order to Mr. Linden or Mr. Skinner”; or you may have to adopt more humble methods. ‘‘ Do not import. Nothing is more disappointing, and in the long run more expensive.”” But we must skip the details. (To be continued.) **a reprint 40 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [ FEBRUARY, 1904+ ORCHIDS TWENTY-FIVE YEARS AGO. I HAVE lately been reading a book on Orchids published about twenty-six years ago, and it has been quite a revelation to me, who am but a student in Orchid lore. Only that short time ago there were no hybrids to be chronicled between Cattleya aurea and gigas, or scarcely any hybrids at all for the matter of that. No pure white Cattleya excepting Wageneri, and Dendrobium X Ainsworthil was considered quite a marvellous production. The Cypripedium list contained a modest 37 names, species and hybrids together, and as for Odontoglossum crispum varieties, one hand would almost supply sufficient digits to reckon them on. It is the difference between those days and these that has so impressed me. Of course I had read in the Orchid Review and elsewhere, that this and that Orchid had flowered in such and such a recent year, but I never realised how recent, till I missed so many names from the book. Now we can see fresh varieties and new hybrids at almost every meeting of the R.H.S. Named Cypripediums can be counted by the hundred, Cattleya hybrids by dozens; and as for named crispums! ! ! one approaches this subject with bated breath, both because of number and quality. Such glorious varieties, and of such value, that fifty pounds more or less in the price is hardly considered, and so many, that in their season, every week brings new ones to the front. One can hardly expect that such a pace can be kept up, but there is no doubt the next 25 years will see some wonderful productions; chiefly home-raised. May some of these master- pieces fall to our share. EMILY THWAITES. 8 OrcuHIs Morto.—A small meadow in the east of England, surrounded for miles by arable land on every side, was very conspicuous every spring for its display of O. Morio, among which grew a few O. pyramidalis; but during the four years the meadow was under the writer’s notice the plants showed no signs of the disappearing trick which appears to haunt some breadths of it in certain districts. | When moist pasture land purpled with Orchises is drained, these plants find it a difficult task in one season to flower, to form a new tuber, and to mature the numerous capsules, each of which contains thousands of seeds. Such a plant may not throw up flowers the succeeding year, but may devote its energy to forming another tuber, that will certainly flower the next spring. It is the formation of each succeeding tuber by the side of the last that gives these Orchises the name of ‘* Walking plants.” It is a distinct way of travelling, though _ certainly not a quick one.—D. S. Fish, in The Garden, Jan. 23, 1904, p. 64- . : . : es ; Fe ES ee Ee eater as ise a Bese ec: era ti Se ee er a ne a ee ee ee i eee eines a Oa ee reset Age ee ee ee eee si ina) ae I’ ERRUARY, 1604. | THE ORCHID REVIEW. 41 2 PAPHIOPEDILUM x MORGANIZ. THE annexed figure represents the beautiful Paphiopedilum xX Morganiz, a so rae! — 1ybrid which was raised by Messrs. James Veitch & Sons, from P. superbiens 2? and P. Stonei ¢, and dedicated to Mrs. Morgan, of New York. It flowered for the first time in 1880, and received a First-class Certificate from the R.H.S. in July of that year. For a long period it was unequalled among hybrids of the genus, but now a formidable rival has ppeared in the person of a hybrid between P. superbiens and P. t Rothschildianum. The two are, of course, quite distinct, though they bear Fic. 15. PAPHIOPEDILUM X MORGANIZ&. a considerable resemblance to each other, and are extremely effective when well grown. It is rather curious that when the present hybrid appeared a certain resemblance to the rare P. Stonei platytzenium was observed, and it was even suggested that the latter might be a natural hybrid with the same parentage, which, however, is clearly impossible. Our figure is taken from the. new edition of Orchids, their Culture and Management, revised by Mr. H. J. Chapman, and we are indebted to the publishers, Messrs. L. Upcott Gill, for the loan of the block. 42 .. THE.-ORCHID. REVIEW. [FEBRUARY, 1904 CALENDAR OF OPERATIONS FOR FEBRUARY. By JOHN Mackay, The Gardens, Highbury, Birmingham. ‘THE temperatures and general management of the plant for this month will differ but little from that previously advised, viz., treating them liberally in the matter ‘of air, warmth, and moisture, as far as the outside conditions will permit. é The preceding month was ere er for its variation of weather, and ‘fluctuations of temperature, so that great care was necessary in manipulating the heating apparatus, which is one of the ‘chief mainstays during the winter season.. The fog, too, did its worst, and I do not remember having such a loss of bloom in this district before. Among the many blooms spoiled were Lelia anceps, Phalznopsis, Cattleya Triane, Dendrobiums, and many Lzlio-cattleya hybrids just about to open. With the advance of the present month, however, the days will lengthen, and a corresponding increase of light may be expected, which will be very welcome. As the days lengthen and the light increases, so may the thermometer be allowed to rise gradually, and a little more moisture be supplied, which will tend to encourage renewed activity. Everything in this direction, however, should be done gradually, or the result will be far from satisfactory, as the weather is not yet to be relied upon; a spell of warm spring-like weather may be followed by another nip of winter. It is at such times that plants, having been unduly hastened into growth, receive a check, from which perhaps they may not recover. The success attending plants during the winter in all departments depends largely upon the health and vigour they possess, and no plant can remain vigorous if the compost in which it is growing is decayed, and it follows that the roots also will be more or less in a bad state. When such is the case, a very little drought is sufficient to cause exhaustion, shrivelling, loss of leaves, &e. Any plant having a good supply of strong healthy roots, must necessarily be in good compost, and is pretty sure to go on all right with good treatment, and continue to improve and increase in size. In order to arrive at this result, neither excessive drying up in winter, nor excessive watering during summer, is desirable ; all that is required being a common-sense method of treatment, which should be one of moderation at all times. . Under such circumstances strong plants will thrive, but it is the weakly ones which give the greatest trouble, and these are apt to go from bad to worse during the winter time, unless specially looked after. To illustrate this, let us suppose we have two choice Lelio-cattleya hybrids; one is in _ -vigorous health with plenty of roots, in a compost sweet and good, the other a weakly plant, having little or no roots, although the compost in each case sR ce ce ek ep a oN ho Sh, See oe eee rea oe OF tea ee FEBRUARY, 1904.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 4 may be the same. The probability is that the latter plant has been allowed to get bad before it was attended to and repotted, whereby the period of con - valescence will be greatly. prolonged. It is therefore natural that such a plant will demand more attention at all times. For instance, a little more water during the resting period would be required, to prevent unnatura shrivelling; it would require to be kept specially free from insect pests, and not subjected to so much bright sunshine. It is such plants as these ‘that require to have special attention, if they are to revive and take their place amongst those in the front rank. They should, if possible, be placed at some convenient position so that their requirements can be better supplied. The beautiful bass of Dendrobiums are now coming on quickly, and these will for some time to come makea great display. Where good growth was obtained last year, and afterwards properly ripened, the flower buds ‘will now be in a more or less advanced stage. On no account force them forward too quickly, as the majority of late winter and spring flowering varieties develop much better and finer if brought along quietly, in va temperature of about 60°, giving just enough water at the roots and in the atmosphere to keep the pseudobulbs plump. With Dendrobes it is as yet a little early to do very much repotting, but there are some cases where a start can be made, so that as many as possible may be got off hand. The ‘seedlings which are yet too small to flower may be done, and gently started into growth. Then again there may be others which are not intended to flower, because they are not strong enough, and these should have attention, whilst the remainder will require to be taken in hand as soon as deemed safe after the flowering period: is over. With newly potted plants the watering should be done with great care until the new growth gets well up, and the new roots take a good hold of the new compost. Let the tempera- ture be warm and genial, say between 60° and 70°, so that healthy and ‘sturdy growth may be encouraged. Dendrobiums in general do best suspended in either small pans or baskets, as good results are more certain when kept to small receptacles. A.suitable compost may consist of equal part peat, leaf soil, and sphagnum moss, The old back pseudobulbs are of ‘little service after the third and fourth year, and. may be readily detached from the plant. These old bulbs will mostly propagate freely if cut in lengths of about three inches, and laid on fresh sphagnum moss, and kept moist. The small plants resulting will in about two years be sufficiently large to again replace the old Gg thus keeping up a good supply of nice healthy young stock. : The Mexican Lelias are now past. Chay have made a very bold show for the last six weeks, and it is not easy to find a more useful Orchid, providing that the plants are well grown; if not, they are not nearly so 44 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [ FEBRUARY, 1904. satisfactory. Their culture is, on the whole, easy, if treated in accordance with their very simple requirements. There must not be too much coddling ; nor should they be starved for the want of water, or other necessaries, such as repotting, &c., when required. Occasionally we get examples where the new growth, or rather the last made pseudobulb, overhangs the side of the pot, and the new roots are consequently growing out into space, where they often sooner or later come to grief. The ordeal of flowering to such plants is most exhaustive, and they will sooner or later collapse. Unless Lelias have overgrown their receptacles, once in about three years is often enough to furnish new materials throughont, all else that is required being an occasional top dressing. Should any of the plants require attention, either in the way of repotting or top-dressing, it should be proceeded with during this month or next. All the Mexican Lzlias require but little water during the winter to keep them plump, but, like Cattleyas, they should have enough to do this without signs of unduly shrivelling. They require plenty of sunlight, with an abundance of air, which will all tend to keep them robust. Cattleya Trianz and its varieties will be at their best during this month. It forms a most beautiful and useful species, and is one of the freest of Cattleyas to grow and flower. It soon commences to root and grow after flowering, when repotting or top-dressing should be attended to. C. Percivaliana, although the flower is very rich and beautiful, cannot be compared to the first-named for usefulness. Sometimes this species fails to produce its flowers satisfactorily, even after making good robust pseudobulbs, with plenty of sheaths. By keeping the plants rather dry and warm; however, the failure is not so great ; yet there are some which fail to come, and this circumstance makes it appear to the more susceptible to atmospheric conditions than is Trianz. There are a number of Oncidiums which prefer the Cool House culture, making growth much stronger and freer than when given more heat. One cf these is O. serratum, which has just gone out of flower, and is commencing to make fresh growth. In habit it is similar to O. macranthum, and enjoys the same sort of treatment, growing at the coolest part of the house. When grown in pots in leaf soil, surfaced over with fresh chopped sphagnum moss, they soon become fine specimens. The treatment is the same as for other cool Orchids. Water with care during the winter, letting the material appear dry for several days before giving water; at the same time taking care not to get the atmosphere too moist, by damping down too often. If the plants have been awakened, it may sometimes be advisable not to damp the floors for a day or two afterwards, until they get somewhat dry again. In any case once a day _ will be found often enough for this operation. Oncidiums delight in ee o FEBRUARY, 1504 |] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 45 abundance of air at all times when the outside conditions permit. O. superbiens, O. lamelligerum, and O. monachicum are all similar in growth and general requirements. OBITUARY. Consut F. C. LEHMANN.—We alluded at page 31 to a brief notice in the Gartenflora that Consul F. C. Lehmann had been drowned in the river Tibique, in Columbia, and although we have not yet heard any further particulars we may now give some account of the deceased gentleman’s work in connection with Orchidology. It would appear from a paper published by Reichenbach in 1878, entitled ‘‘ Orchidacee F. C. Lehmannianz ecuadorenses ” (Otia. Bot. Hamb. pp. 3—30) that Lehmann first went to Western South America as a collector for Messrs Hugh Low & Co., then of Upper Clapton, and he evidently made a good collection of dried plants, which were described in the paper in question. Among them we find a considerable number of novelties, no less than eight being Masdevallias, which genus became one of his special favourites. One of these was dedicated to him, under the name of Masdevallia Lehmanni. Species of Cranichis, Cycnoches, Epidendrum, Maxillaria and Odontoglossum were also dedicated to him in the same paper. The date of his journey seems to have been about 1876, for in 1897 he spoke of his twenty-one years of travel in the Andes (Gard. Chron., 1897, i. p. 345). Subsequently he became German Consul in the Republic of Colombia, and he continued to pay great attention to Orchids, indeed we find him offering them for sale in large quantities, but he also made a fine collection of dried specimens, in Guatemala, Costa Rica, Colombia and Ecuador, which have been rather recently worked up (Lehmann and Kranzlin in Engl. Jahrb. xxvi, ‘pp. 437—502), and, as might have been anticipated, contained a large number of novelties. One of them, described as a new genus allied to Epidendrum, was dedicated to him under the name of Neolehmannia. His knowledge of Andine Orchids was most extensive, but his writings were not numerous, two papers that occur to us being on Two new Coryanthes (Gard. Chrom., 1891, ii, p. 483) and on Trevoria Chloris (/.c., 1897, i, p. 345). The latter he described as ‘‘ the second of a number of new genera I have discovéred during the twenty-one years of my travels in the Andes.” He also supplied the notes on the geographical description of the ‘‘ Monograph of Masdevallia,” issued by the Marquis of Lothian, and illustrated by Miss Woolward, and from these it may be seen how extensive his knowledge of the plants. in their native habitat was.’ He introduced a number of interesting Orchids to cultivation, among them being Ada Lehmanni (Rolfe in Gard..Chron., 1891, ii., p. 34), Trevoria Chloris (Bat. Mag., t. 7805), 46 THE ORCHID REVIEW. (FEBRUARY, T9C4) Sievkingia Reichenbachiana (l.c., t. 7576), Masdevallia deorsum (l.c., t. 7766), Coryanthes Wolfii and C. Mastersiana (Gard. Chron., 1891, ii. p. 483). Lueddemannia triloba (Kew Bull., 1895, p. 283), Scelochilus carinatus (.c., p. 284), Polycycnis Lehmanni and Lueddemannia Lehmanni. Doubtless there are many others, but enough has been said to show the importance of his work. THE GENUS MYSTACIDIUM. THERE is a genus of the Angreecum group whose limits have never been satisfactorily defined. It was founded by Lindley in 1836 (Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag., ii., p. 205) to contain the South African plant then known as Angraecum capense, but which was described by the younger Linnzus as early as 1781, under the name of Epidendrum capense (Suppl. Pl., p. 407). The plant was called Mystacidium filicorne, and the resemblance in habit to Angraecum, as well as the differences in the structure of the pollinaria, were pointed out. Harvey added two additional South African species in 1863 (Thes. Cap., il., pp. 47, 48, tt. 173, 174), when he also figrred the original species, (t. 175), and Ridley five others from Madagascar in 1885 (Fourn. Linn. Soc., xxv., pp. 488-490). Reichenbach in 1864 reduced Mystacidium to Aéranthes (Walp. Ann., vi., p. 899, mis-spelt ‘‘ Aéranthus ”’), “on account of some similarity in the pollinarium, at the same time also adding Aeonia, and the American species now referred to Campylocentron, and partly to Dendrophylax, but, as Bentham afterwards pointed out, the two are very different in mumerous particulars. Bentham estimated the species of Mystacidium at about twenty. In revising the Orchids of Tropical Africa I found nineteen species belonging to that area, and there are probably as many more in the Mascarene Islands and South Africa, while, curiously enough, there is one outlying species in Ceylon. The genus is easily separated from Angrecum by having two distinct glands, to which the pollinia are attached, each by its own separate stipes, while in Angraecum there is only a single stipes and gland. The allied genus..Listrostachys is characterized by having two distinct stipes attached to a single gland. These differences are extremely well marked, and are to some extent connected with differences in the habit of the plants, though the position of a few specics remains uncertain until the pollen masses.can be examined. Listrostachys and Mystacidium are indeed more easily separated from Angraecum than is the Asiatic genus Saccolabium, for the pollinia are practically identical in the two, and although the latter has a saccate lip, and obtuse sepals and petals, there are species of Angraecum which also have these characters. ee aa ea ee a ir ce eae Sa ee FEBRUARY, 1904.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. -: . Ay, In fact, Angreecum imbricatum, Lindl., has been described as a new species of Saccolabium (S. Barbeyz, Kranzl.), with which genus it agrees in the characters mentioned. In the same way the Mascarene Listrostachys bracteosa, Rolfe, was described as a new species of Saccobium (S. squamatum, Frapp.), as has alréady been pointed out (O.R., x, p. 296). Of species not previously referred to Mystacidium, owing to the confusion ~ with Aéranthes already mentioned, are the following :—M. Curnowianus. ' (Aéranthes Curnowianus, Rchb. i ‘M. ‘Germinyanum (Angrecum ' Germinyanum, Sander, Bot. Mag. t. 7061); M. gladiifolium, ae. ; gladiifolium, Thou.; M. Leonis (Aéranthus Leonis Rchb. f. Orch. Alb., t. 213); and M. sesquipedale (Anigreccut sesquipedale, Thou., Bot. Mig. ie 5113). R. A. Roire. VANDA HOooKERIANA is a tall, scrambling species, with cylindrical — leaves and short spikes of flower. These are very beautiful; the sepals and petals whitish, with spots of purple; the lip purple, with crowded spots of | a deeper hue. No one should attempt the culture of this species who has 2 not ample heat at command. It grows in sweltering heat and moisture, © and except for a week or two after being planted should be fully exposed to. the sun’s rays. In many collections it is the custom to. cut the stems into lengths, and plant these in beds of sphagnum in a house fully exposed to | the sun. A luxuriant growth and abundant supply of flower is thereby assured.—B. G. in Fournal of Horticulture. . ee ee Ca:LoGcyNE Dayana.—-Mr. A. J. Manda sends the following interesting communication to the Florists’ Exchange:—The photograph, from which the illustration herewith was made, is of a single specimen plant flowering » lately in the collection of Mrs. C. F. Erhart, 270, Washington Avenue, Brooklyn, N. Y. The plant carried 27 spikes, with 43 to 51 flowers to a spike, making a total of 1,247 flowers, and is a great credit to the enthusiastic and zealous gardener, A. Welsing, under whose care the specimen has been for the past eleven years. Such fine specimen Orchids are seldom seen, especially taking into consideration that when this plant was bought about twelve years ago at an auction, it had then just two small bulbs and one lead. It is grown in an octagonal basket two feet across, potted in fibrous peat and moss, with additional pieces of charcoal and broken crocks. The plant is elevated on a high stand close to the roof, where it enjoys a quantity of moisture and heat. It is a native of | Borneo and one of the prettiest of the Coelogyne tribe. 48 ° THE ORCHID REVIEW. [FepRruary, 1904. CATTLEYA x MOLLIS VAR. LOIS & C. x THAYERIANA. In the last volume of the Orchid Review, p. 330, mention is made of Cattleya x Lois var. mollis, and the writer expresses the opinion that there is very little evidence of the diphyllous parent, C. superba splendens, and remarks: —‘ It is most like C. Gaskelliana in shape, in the nearly entire lip, and the mauve-lilac sepals and petals.” I think Capt. Holford and his able cultivator will agree with me that the plant in question was raised here, and flowered first in the collection at Westonbirt—as also happened more recently with Lzlio-cattleya x Milton. The object of this note, however, is to straighten out the parentage of the Cattleya x mollis. It seems to have been overlooked that the C. Gaskelliana used was the true variety virginalis ; hence all the colour, apart from yellow and white, is due to the C. superba splendens, which was the pollen parent. Among the fifty plants raised from this cross there are some that have almost every mature growth twoleaved, and these generally show distinct traces of the influence of C. superba in the lip, being distinctly three-lobed. There also exists a great variation in colouring in individuals. Some are remarkably fine, and, from the published accounts, Capt. Holford’s plant must be one of the better forins. When a quantity of plants result from a cross between distinct sections of a genus, it is a most wonderful revelation to the observer to see the great divergence in form and colouring. This is remarked by all-who have seen our seventy plarts of C. x Thayeriana in bloom. The parents were C. intermedia x C. Schroedere alba, and about three-fourths of the. plants - produce flowers of a lovely uniform lilac, with no accentuation on the apex of the lip. In the balance there are varying degrees of amethystine marking, from the smallest dash of colour, as in the type plant, to heavy inverted V-shaped masses of colour. This has led many to remark that no one would credit their common origin were it not well authenticated. There is also a similar variation in the shape of the labellum. Many are distinctly three-lobed, while others are as finely rounded as any C. Schroedere. In some the side lobes do not fold over the column, but only meet at the | base ; others overlap nearly their whole length. Last March we had over 200 expanded flowers of C. X Thayeriana, and — as by actual test it lasts longer in perfection than any other Cattleya known here, a fine opportunity was enjoyed during the six weeks for study and comparison. We hope next flowering season to preserve a series of flowers for your inspection, showing the variation mentioned. above. 4 enclose a photo of the group of C. x Thayeriana taken last April, when over 200 _ blooms were open. It i is hardly suitable for reproduction, but I thought ts you would like to see it. : ne C. Oxp ET. So. Lancaster, Mass., U.S AL oe partes ee FFBRUARY, 1904.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 49 The Photograph sent shows a.very remarkable group, but, as Mr. Orpet ‘eproduction. We, however, give an remarks, is hardly suitable for illustration of a single flower, from a photograph previously received from Mr. Orpet. This beautiful hybrid was originally described and figured in American Florist for March 24th, rg00 (vol. xv, p. 1003), when its history was thus given by Mr. Orpet :—‘‘ The cross was made March 26th, 1896, the seed sown April 14th, 1897, and the first of the plants is now in bloom. It is a desirable plant, being a great improvement over the seed-parent, Fie. 16. CATTLEYA X THAYERIANA. C. intermedia. The colour is a delicate pink throughout, the tube of the ip being primrose-yellow, with a purple irregular shaped blotch in the — centre.” The period which elapsed between sowing the seed and the appearance of the first flower was rather short for a Cattleya. It is evidently a very fine thing, and we shall be most pleased to see the promised series of flowers. A photograph showing three or four of the most distinct:forms would be interesting. 50 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [ FEBRUARY, 1904. SOCIETIES. ROYAL HORTICULTURAL. ‘THE first meeting of the year of the above Society was held at the Drill Hall, Buckingham Gate, Westminster, on January 5th, when there was a very good display of Orchids for the season, the majority, however, being ‘Cypripedes, which are invaluable as winter-flowering piants. F. W. Moore, Esq., Royal Botanic Gardens, Glasnevin, Dublin, showed Bulbophyllum micropetalum, Epidendrum Cooperianum, Maxil- laria cucullata and M. macrura, each of which received a_ Botanical Certificate, these being the only certificates awarded at the meeting. Mrs. Haywood, Woodhatch, Reigate (gr. Mr. Salter) sent Cypripedium Xx Hitchinsiz maculatum and C. X Mrs. Haywood (x T. B. Haywood x Charlesworthii), a very distinct hybrid of dark colour, in which the influence of C. Drurii was very apparent. C. J. Lucas, Esq., Warnham Court, Horsham (gr. Mr. Duncan), exhibited a good series of cut spikes of Calanthe X Regina, C. x Bryan, C. x Wm. Murray, C. xX Vettchii, C. x Sandhurstiana, and some Cypripediums, arranged with maidenhair fern. H. T. Pitt, Esq., Rosslyn, Stamford Hill (gr. Mr. Thurgood) showed Cypripedium X gigas Rosslyn variety, C. insigne Monkholme var., and C. i. Rosslyn variety. _F. Wellesley, Esq., Westfield, Woking (gr. Mr. Hopkins), exhibited Cypripedium x Hera Charlesworthii, C. X Celeus superbum, the handsome C. X rubescens Ranjitsinhji, and Lelia autumnalis Westfield variety, having a large dark rose flower with a white base to the lip. H. Whateley, Esq., Spring Gardens, Kenilworth, showed Cypripedium x Varney and C. X Amy Robsart. Messrs. Charlesworth & Co., Heaton, Bradford, received a Silver Flora Medal for a fine group, containing Cypripedium x Enid (Spicerianum X bellatulum), C. insigne Dorothy, C. x aureum, C. X Hera Lucienianum, C. X Dora Crawshaw (bellatulum x Charlesworthii moosaicum), Odonto- glossum X Hallio-crispum, O. X_ loochristiense, O. crispum, Lelio- cattleya x Andromeda (L. flava x C. aurea), L.-c. x Violetta, several good L.-c. X Charlesworthii, and others. Messrs. Sander & Sons, St. Albans, gained a Silver Flora Medal for an excellent group, containing Cypripedium x Masterso-villosum, C. xX robustum, C. xX Annie Measures, C. X aureum, three good plants of C. insigne McNabianum, a fine dark form, Cymbidium Tracyanum, Mazillaria elegantula, a good specimen of Gomesa planifolia, and Angre- cum sesquipedale. Messrs. J. Veitch & Sons, Chelsea, were also awarded a Silver Flora WEBRUARY, IG04.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 5t Medal for an extremely good group of hybrids, including Cypripedium x Niobe, C. X Prospero, C. x Euryailes, C. X Baron Schréder, Lelio- -cattleya X Cappei, L.-c. x Coronis, L.-c. x Epicasta, L.-c. x Clonia, L.-c. X Bryan, L.-c. X Pallas, Cattleya > Miranda, Sophro-cattleya x ‘Saxa (S. grandiflora x C. Triane), Masdevallia x Imogen, and Epiden- drum X Endresio-Wallisii. Messrs. H. Low & Co., Enfield, showed the beautiful Cypripedium -callosum Sandere, C. insigne Sanderianum, and C. x Minos Low’s variety. Messrs. Stanley, Ashton & Co., Southgate, exhibited the natural hybrid Miltonia X Cogniauxie Stanleyi (Regnelii x spectabilis Moreliana), the flower being deep purple and most like the former in shape. THE report of the Scientific Committee of the same date contains the following :— ORCHIDS MALFORMED.—Mr. Bidgood, Saltwell View, Gateshead, sent some excellent coloured photos of Orchids, showing certain peculiarities : (1) An Odontoglossum citrosmum had the basal flower of a spray with two well formed columns, three labella, and eight other perianth segments. The ovarian section had no ovary cells, but numerous clusters of fibro- ‘vascular cords, showing that it was_a ‘‘ multifold”’ flower, the cords of each perianth-segment branching and entering two, instead of a single segment; -so that, excepting one, all the parts of the perianth were doubled. (2) Phaius Humblotti xX P. Wallichi, received from Mr. Cookson’s collection. ‘One photo showed the inflorescence, one flower of which had the lower portion of one of the lateral sepals petaloid like a labellum; the placenta of the ovary next to the position of the labellum was absent. A second flower had no Jabellum, the lateral sepals were fused, making one wide, -median sepal, and both the lateral petals were slightly labellate. ROYAL HORTICULTURAL, _.A SECOND meeting was held on January 26th, when a much finer show of ‘Orchids was seen than on the last occasion. J. Colman, Esq., Gatton Park, Reigate (gr. Mr. Bound), exhibited a magnificent group of Dendrobiums, extending the whole length of the -central staging of the Drill Hall, to which was deservedly awarded a Gold Medal. It included many varieties of D. nobile, D. n. Ballianum, and D. n. Colmanianum being noteworthy ; also D. X Othello giganteum, D. x Apollo, D. X Snowflake, D. X Rubens grandiflorum, D. X Ainsworthii, -D. X splendidissimum, D. x Artemis, D. Curtisii, D. x pallens, D. x Schneiderianum, D, X Juno, together with some well-flowered Lelia -anceps, including L. a. Stella, L. a. Hilliana enfieldense, L. a. Sanderiana, 52 THE ORCHID REVIEW. . [FEBRUARY, Ig04.. < L. a. Mrs. Jeremiah Colman, also Cymbidium Tracyanum, and other plants, the whole making an extremely fine display. Lady Plowden, Aston Rowant House, Oxford (gr. Mr. Clark), was awarded a Silver Banksian Medal for a good group of well-grown and heavily-flowered Lelia anceps. W. M. Appleton, Esq., Weston-super-mare, showed Cypripedium X Mons. de Curte, C. X Garret A. Hobart (Lathamianum xX _ insigne giganteum), C. x Edithe (bellatulum x Chamberlainianum), and C. x | Morteni (Leeanum Masereelianum X Chamberlainianum). The last-named, which received an Award of Merit, was a fine hybrid, retaining much of the Chamberlainianum habit, but the flowers were more intermediate in: character. W. Wellesley, Esq., Westfield, Woking (gr. Mr. Hopkins), showed Lelia anceps Schroeder# Theodora, to which an Award of Merit was. given. This was a very handsome form, having the sepals and _ petals. white, tinged with rose at the tips, and the front of the lip dark claret- purple. M. Jules Hye de Crom, Ghent, sent the handsome Cypripedium x: Madame Jules Hye. C. J. Lucas, Esq., Warnham Court, Horsham (gr. Mr. Duncan), exhibited Cypripedium x Almos and a fine C. X Lathamianum. H. T. Pitt, Esq., Rosslyn, Stamford Hill (gr. Mr. Thurgood), showed Lelio-cattleya * luminosa, Rosslyn variety, Lelia autumnalis alba with a fine spike of six flowers, and Cypripedium X Edithz. The Right Hon. Lord Rothschild, Tring Park (gr. Mr. Hill), sent a fine spike of Phalenopsis amabilis Rimestadiana, bearing eight fine flowers. ‘J. Rutherford, Esq., M.P., Beardwood, Blackburn (gr. Mr. Lupton), showed two plants of Odontoglossum x beardwoodense (elegans Eastwood Park variety X Pescatorei), but the Committee expressed some doubt about the parentage. Baron Sir H. Schréder, The Dell, Egham (gr. Mr. Ballantine), sent spikes of the handsome Odontoglossum Pescatorei Veitchianum, O. P Schreederianum, O. P. melanocentrum, and O. crispum Stevensii.. G. Singer, Esq., Coundon Court, near Coventry (gr. Mr. Collyer), exhibited a good group of Cypripediums, containing C. X Deedmanianum, C. x Lathamianum, C. X Penelope, (Lawrenceanum X Charlesworthii), C. X chrysotoxum var. Earl Leofric (villosum giganteum X Lathamianum superbum), and others. Messrs. Charlesworth & Co., Heaton, Bradford, staged a splendid group, consisting chiefly of hybrids, and secured a Silver-gilt Flora Medal. It contained a quantity of the bright orange Leelio-cattleya x Charles- worthii, L.-c. X luminosa, L.-c. X Cappei, L.-c. X Andromeda, L.-c. X. FEBRUARY, 1904.| — THE ORCHID REVIEW. 53 Sunray, Sophro-lelia x Psyche, Cattleya x Enid, Cypripedium insigne McNabianianum, C. x Lilian Greenwood, C. X Helen II., varieties of C. x Hera, and some Odontoglossums, O. X Queen Alexandra being very fine. An Award of Merit was given to Lelio-cattleya x Myra Charlesworthii (L. flava x C. Triane), a handsome form having bright chrome-yellow - sepals and petals, and the lip ruby purple. Messrs. Sander & Sons, St. Albans, staged an effective group, consisting chiefly of hybrids, to which a Silver Flora Medal was awarded. It con- tained Leelio-cattleya x Dr. R. Schiffmann (L.-c. x callistoglossa x C. Mendelii), a large and beautiful hybrid having white sepals and petals tinged with purple, and the front of the lip rich purple-claret colour, L.-c. x bletchleyensis vivicans, some good Cypripediums, two fine plants of the handsome Odontoglossum xX Wilckeanum, and Chysis X Sedeni. Messrs. J. Veitch & Sons, Chelsea, also received a Silver Flora Medal for a fine group of hybrids, including Lelia x Olivia, L. x Digbyano- purpurata, Lelio-cattleya xX Lucilia, L.-c. X Cappei and variety aurea, ‘Cattleya xX Elvina, Dendrobium X Scylla, two plants of Calanthe xX gigas, forms of Cypripedium X Leeanum, C. X Prospero, C. x Troilus, CC. X aureum virginale, C. X Gertrude, C. X Catherine, and C. xX Hera varieties. Messrs. H. Low & Co., Enfield, exhibited a good group, containing Oncidium oinithorhynchum, Sophronitis grandiflora, Dendrobium aureum, D. Wardianum, Cypripedium tonsum, the handsome C. X Watsonianum (Harrisianum nigrum X concolor), C. xX Minos Low’s variety), C. X ‘Tityus, C. X Sallieri Hyeanum, forms of C. X Hera Euryades, C. villosum Low’s variety, and other plants. ; M. Ch. Vuylsteke, .Loochristi, Ghent, showed Odontoglossum xX Wilckeanum Argus, two plants of O. X loochristiense, and also two of the handsome O. X Vuylstekei. MANCHESTER AND NORTH OF ENGLAND ORCIIID. THE first meeting of the year of the Manchester and North of England ‘Orchid Society was held at the Coal Exchange, Manchester, on January 8th, and brought together a very good display of Orchids. W. Thompson, Esq., Walton Grange, Stone (gr. Mr. Stevens), sent a very interesting group of half-a-dozen home-raised Odontoglossum xX loochristiense, from seed sown less than four years ago, a Silver Medal being awarded to Mr. Stevens, in recognition of his skill as a raiser and cultivator of these beautiful plants. S. Gratrix, Esq., Whalley Range (gr. Mr. G. Cypher), staged an interesting little group, to which a Bronze Medal was awarded, also First- class Certiftcates of Cypripedium X Minos var. Youngii and C. X aureum 54 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [FEBRUARY, 1904- var. Great Rex, and Awards of Merit to C. X Lathamianuin West Point var. and C. X Lathamo-Thompsoni. Mrs. Gratrix showed a well-shaped and distinctly marked form of Odontoglossum crispum called Geo. Cypher, which the Committee desired’ to see again. G. W. Law-Schofield, Esq., Rawtenstall (gr. Mr. Schill), obtained a Bronze Medal for a good group, and an Award of Merit for Cypripedium x Euryades New Hall Hey var. W. Laverton, Esq., Victoria Park, Manchester, also received a Bronze Medal for a small group, and an Award of Merit for Cypripedium X Lathamianum Redcliffe var. A. Warburton, Esq., Haslingden (gr. Mr. Bailey), sent the handsome: Odontoglossum crispum Marie. Messrs. Charlesworth & Co., Heaton, Bradford, sent a choice group, to- which a Silver Medal was given, also First-class Certificates to Cypripedium x Dora Crawshaw and Odontoglossum xX Wilckeanum Alexandre, and an. Award of Merit to Miltonia X Cognianxiz. M. Ch. Vuylsteke, Lochristi, Ghent, received a Bronze Medal for a. small group, and a First-class Certificate for the handsome Odontoglossum. xX Vuylstekei per cultum. Messrs. J. Cypher & Sons, Cheltenham, obtained a Bronze Medal for a small group, and an Award of Merit for Cypripedium x Charlesianum. Messrs. Sander & Sons, St. Albans, also staged a small group of Orchids, to which a Bronze Medal was awarded. Four other small groups were staged by Messrs. John Cowan & Co.,. Gateacre, A. J. Keeling & Sons, Bradford, D. McLeod, Chorlton, and J. Robson, Altrincham, in each case a Vote of Thanks being accorded. CYPRIPEDIUM INSIGNE, IN SMALL Pots.—Calling the other day on Mr.. Thos. Crosswell, gardener at ‘“‘ Homewood,” Beckenham, I was shown six plants in gin. pots carrying foliage one yard through, as perfect in form as a well-dressed chrysanthemum bloom. The flowers were large and well- developed, averaging about fifty—the one I counted gave fifty-eight, three being twins. The blooms are not staked, but grow out from the foliage in a natural manner, giving a circumference of 12ft. These plants have not been potted for eight or nine years, consequently they are fed on farm drainage, Clay’s fertiliser, soot water, and guano—weak and often. These six plants occupy the whole of one side of a span-roofed house, furnishing a supply of choice cut flowers for a long period ; some useful plants in 4tin- pots are carrying nine good blooms.—M. W. in Journal of Horticulture. ieee Te ae Te eee a a ahaa Sis ine gies ibd ta es ih ge ST AE eS FEBRUARY, 1904.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 55. ORCHIDS FROM GATTON PARK. A BEAUTIFUL series of Dendrobium flowers is sent from the collection of Jeremiah Colman, Esq., Gatton Park, Reigate, by Mr. Bound, cut from the brilliant group exhibited at the R.H.S. meeting on January 26th, to which a Gold Medal was awarded. Among the forms of D. nobile sent are varieties elegans, Ballianum, Ashworthie, a very fine white with small rosy tips to the segments, and a very dark maroon blotch on the lip, gattonense, less white than the preceding, and the well-known Cookson- ianum and burfordiense, in fine condition. D. * Ainsworthii is good, and the Woodhatch variety has remarkably broad segments. D. xX Rubens is represented by three very fine forms, called pulcherrimum, magnificum and elegans, the latter being very rich in colour. D. xX Snowflake is said to be hybrid between D. nobile albiflorum and D. xX Cassiope, and is a beautiful form most resembling the latter. Other fine things are D. X Schneiderianum, D. x Cybele and var. giganteum, D. X Juno, D. X Curtisii, D. X euosmum, D. xX Pitcherianum, and three forms of D. xX Ellisii, the whole series affording evidence of excellent culture. A very fine inflorescence of Cymbidium grandiflorum (Hookerianum), over 24 feet long, and bearing eleven flowers is also sent. It is the finest of the Asiatic species, and has the reputation of being shy flowering, and even when the spikes are’ developed the flowers sometimes go off without expanding. In this every flower is perfectly developed, and the in- floresence very handsome. We may also add that a fine group was exhibited at the R.H.S. meeting on December 15th, and gained a Silver-gilt Flora Medal, though by some oversight it was not included in our report at page 18. It included a brilliant series of deciduous Calanthes, together with some good Cypripediums, the beautiful Lycaste Skinneri alba, and other fine things. _ a ROMANCE OF A BUTTONHOLE.—In a greenhouse belonging to the Thames Conservancy, in their Kew depot, is a flourishing Orchid which is looked upon by botanists as a rare curiosity. The flower was worn in the buttonhole of an official at a Masonic entertainment over seven years ago, and was about to be cast away in a withering condition, when a gardener asked for it. The flower was taken in hand with a view to resuscitation, and the ingenious gardener bound up the stem of the flower with copper wire, fixing it on to virgin cork, and covering up the cut stem with sphagnum moss. To the surprise of everyone, the dying stem revived, and is at the present time in a flourishing state. It is one of the very rare instances of a cut Orchid forming for itself a new root.—Gardening World, January 23, 1904. 56 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [FEBRUARY, 1904. R.H.S. ORCHID COMMITTEE. THE following constitute the Orchid Committee of the Royal Horti- cultural Society for the current year. (New Members distinguished thus 66 x eh aeats VeiTcu, H. J., F.L.S., 34, Redcliffe Gardens, S. Kensington. Chairman. Cookson, NORMAN C., Oakwood, Wylam-on-Tyne. Vice-Chairman. FOWLER, J. GURNEY, Gleba Lands, South Woodford. ry SCHRODER, BARON Sir HEnrRy, Bart, V.M.H., The Dell, Pees < O’BRIEN, JAMEs, V.M.H., Marian, Harrow-on-the-Hill. - Hon. Sec. ASHTON, F. W., Southgate, N. ASHWORTH, ELijAn, Harefield Hall, Wilmslow, Cheshire. BALLANTINE, H., The Dell Gardens, Staines. BILNEY, W. A., Fir Grange, Weybridge. *BoLTon, W., Wilderspool, Warrington. Bonny, T. W., Elstead House Gardens, Godalming. BoxaLiL, W., V.M.H., 186, Brook Road, Upper Clapton. BrooMAN-WHITE, R., Arddarroch, Garelochhead, N.B. ‘CHAPMAN, H. J., The Gardens, Oakwood, Wylam-on-Tyne. CHARLESWORTH, J., Heaton, Bradford. Coss, W., 33, Broadwater Down, Tunbridge Wells. COLMAN, J., Gatton Park, Reigate, Surrey. (CRAWSHAY, DE Barri, Rosefield, Sevenoaks. DouG tas, JAMES, V.M.H., Edenside, Great Bookham. GLEESON, M., Warren House Gardens, Stanmore. HILu, E., Tring Park Gardens, Tring. Histop, A., Bletchley Park Gardens, Bletchley. LITTLE, H., Baronshalt, The Barons, E. Twickenham. MacBEan, & A., Cooksbridge, Sussex. Moore, F. W., v. M.H., Botanic Gardens, Glasnevin, able Moore, G. F., Chasiwat. Bourton-on-the- Water, Ete! *Morris, H. G., 68, Cheapside, E.C. ODELL, J. W., The Grove, Stanmore, Middlesex. Pitt, H. T., Rosslyn, 57, Stamford Hill, N. PoLLeTT, H. M., Fernside, Bickley, Kent. Potter, J. WiLson, Elmwood, Park Hill Road, Croydon. REHDER, FRANK, 29, Mincing Lane, E.C. SANDER, F., V.M-H., St. Albans. TuHompson, W., Walton Grange, Stone, Staffs. THORNE, F. J., The Gardens, Sunningdale Park, Berks. *Tuwaltes, R. G., 23, Christchurch Road, Streatham Hill. Tracy, H. A., Amyand Park Road, Twickenham. WELLESLEY, Francis, Westfield, Woking: _ _ Wuirte, W. H., Burford Lodge Gardens, Dorking. ~ Younc, W. H., Clare Lawn Gardens, spo Sheen, S. W. in 1856. with Messrs. Hugh Low and Co. FEBRUARY, 1904. | THE ORCHID REVIEW. =~J EPIPENDRUM PRISMATOCARPUM. The present figure represents an inflorescence of Epidendrum prismato- carpum from the collection of J. J. Neale, Esq., Lynwood, Park Road, Penarth. The photograph was taken by Mr. Nea e’s daughter, tovg¢ ther with one showing the entire plant bearing three fine racemes, and forming a very effective picture. The former, however, was selected because it shows the details of the discovered by Warscewicz, flower better. The species was originally in 1849, on the Chiriqui Volcano, Central America, at 5,000 fer t elevation. but d es not} appear to have be en sent Fic. 17. EPIDENDRUM PRISMATOCARPUM. lo i home alive, for it is said to have been introduced to cultivation by Bridges, It was figured in the Botanical Magazine, in 1862 (t. 5336), when it flowered in the collection of G. Reed, Esq-, Burnham, Somerset, and It bears long erect racemes of numerous flowers, having pale greenish yellow sepals and petals, more or less spotted with purple, and a trulliform acute lip, rose-purple in colour tipped with 58 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [ FEBRUARY, 1904. yellow, and bearing a pair of rounded whitish auricles at the base. It is a very striking species, and very effective when well grown. THE HYBRIDIST. PAPHIOPEDILUM xX _ ViIcCToRINUS.—Two forms of a handsome hybrid between Paphiopedilum insigne punctato-violaceum @ and P. X Calypso Oakwood var. ¢ are sent from the collection of Reginald Young, Esq., Sefton Park, Liverpool (gr. Mr. Poyntz). They have retained much of the general character of the seed parent, but the dorsal sepal is white, except for a small light green area at the base, and heavily blotched with dark purple, these being modified to purple brown on the green area. The staminode, petals and lip all bear a general resemblance to those of the seed bearer, though in one flower they are much paler than in the other. The pollen parent was derived from P. Spicerianum and P. Boxallii, but their influence is not very obvious in the new hybrid, and is chiefly seen in an increased white area on the dorsal sepal, with rather more spotting, but neither the Boxallii villosity nor the very distinct staminode of Spicerianum can be traced. The cross was made in January, 1897, the seed sown thirteen months later, and now the first flowers have appeared. It is a very promising hybrid. PAPHIOPEDILUM- X VENILIA.—A hybrid from the same _ collection, derived from P. Victoria-Mariz 2 and P. villosum ¢, and most like an enlarged edition of the former, but with broader petals, and other. traces of the influence of P. villosum. The spike sent is twin-flowered. L#LIA X “ACUMINATO-ANCEPS.—Under this name we have received the inflorescence of an interesting hybrid from M. Ch. Maron, of Brunoy, France. L. anceps was the pollen parent, and the inflorescence and bracts show much of the influence of this parent, though the flowers are much smaller, being about 34 inches in expanse, with the sepals and _ petals light rose-purple in colour, and the lip showing much of the shape and markings of L. anceps. M. Maron states that the bulbs are in the way of L. acuminata, but larger, being about 2 inches high, and the leaf 7 inches long by 14 inches broad, bright green and fleshy. —) POLLEN OF PAPHIOPEDILUM » NIOBE. Tuts season I again attempted to utilize my large plant of Paphiopedilum x Niobe as a parent. I may add it is in robust health. With this object I crossed two blooms of P. Charlesworthii, in each case using both pollen masses of a P. X Niobe to each flower. I also crossed blooms of P. insigne punctato-violaceum, and P. insigne Ballie, using four pollen masses of FEBRUARY, 1904.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 59 P. X Niobe to each flower. In no one case was I successful, the pods decaying within a few weeks after the operation. On the other hand, I crossed five blooms of this same P. x Niobe, two with pollen of P. Charlesworthii, two with that of P. insigne punctato- violaceum, and one with P. insigne Wm. Millie Dow, using two pollen masses in each instance. In addition, I crossed the bloom of another plant of P. X Niobe with two pollen masses from a flower of P. x Lecanum giganteum, G. S. Ball's variety. As far as can be judged at the present time, these operations, using P. X Niobe as the seed parent, have been successful, the pods appearing to be perfectly sound. It seems somewhat curious, and not easily accounted for, that the pollen of P. X Niobe should prove such a failure. Probably everyone who has attempted to use X Niobe pollen has noticed how hard and non-adhesive it is, and perhaps this may account to a great extent for its inefficacy. Paphiopedilums X Norma, X Pelops, and X Priam may, however, be cited as instances in which P, xX Niobe has been recorded as the pollon parent. Liverpool. REGINALD YOUNG. ati gta ORCHIDS IN SEASON. LycaAsTE SKINNERI is a very useful decorative plant at this season, but is not grown so extensively as its merits deserve. Four very handsome forms are sent from the collection of J. Bradshaw, Esq., The Grange, Southgate (gr. Mr. Whitelegge). One has blush pink sepals, and rose-coloured petals, while the lip has a rose-coloured blotch on the front and side lobes. A second is paler throughout and has scarcely a trace of pink on the lip, while in the third the petals and lip are only a shade darker than the sepals. The fourth is the chaste L. Skinneri alba, and forms a very charming contrast with the other three forms. Mr. Bradshaw remarks that he cannot understand why the species is not more commonly grown, unless it is that the flowers bruise so easily. It is certainly very handsome, and easily cultivated, but the fact that the flowers do not stand up above the foliage tells somewhat against it. Another large and very handsome form is sent from the collection of A. E. Bainbridge, Esq., of Newcastle-on-Tyne, by Mr. Bell. The petals and lip are of a very rich purple-rose almost throughout, and contrast very effectively with the blush pink sepals. These very handsome forms of the same species are sent from the col- lection of Captain Holford, Westonbirt, Tetbury, by. Mr. Alexander. One, called variety atrosanguinea, has the lip of the richest purple-crimson throughout, except the yellow crest, the petals rose-pink, with darker veins» and the sepals blush pink—a very handsome form. A flower of the beauti- 60 THE ORCHID REVIEW. FEBRUARY, 1904.| ful ‘Lelio-cattleya x Cappei var. Afterglow is also sent, froma spike bearing thirteen flowers, which must have presented a fine sight, the full expanse of the one sent being over six inches. A flower of Paphiopedilum XX Chamber-Leeanum is sent from the collection of Reginald Young, Esq., Sefton Park, Liverpool. It is most like the Chamberlainianum parent, but is considerably modified in shape, though it shows no white on the dorsal sepal, a character present in both the parents of P. x Leeanum. It may be interesting to note that Mr. Young flowered a plant of Paphiopedilum * Maudiz in November last, and in December he cut the flower, and placed it in a tube of water in the same house, after which it remained in perfection for over a month. It would appear that it is a good thing for cutting, like many of its allies. A particularly large and handsome flower of Paphiopedilum x Aphrodite is sent from the collection of F. M. Burton, Esq., Highfield, Gainsborough. It is cut from a twin-flowered scape, and the plant is said to be very strong, and most resembles P. Lawrenceanum. A very beautiful dried scape with three flowers of Lezelio-cattleya Bowri-albida is sent by Mr. E. O. Orpet, So. Lancaster, Mass., U.S.A. The scape somewhat recalls Lelia albida, except that the flowers are larger, and of a very pleasing light rose shade. It is a very beautiful hybrid. ee eee a ‘PAPHIOPEDILUMS FROM BURY. As evidence of the value of the genus Paphiopedilum as winter-blooming plants, a fine series of flowers is sent from the collection of O. Wrigley, Esq., Bridge Hall, Bury, by Mr. Rogers. The majority are hybrids, the species being represented by two good forms of P. insigne, one of them having a large amount of spotting on the petals, while the blotches of the dorsal sepal are very large. There are three good forms of P. X Lathamianum, the variety rubrum having a large amount of purple on the lower part of the dorsal sepal. One called P. x Thompsonianum has all the characters of the latter, of which we regard it to be a very large and handsome form, the petals and dorsal sepal being very broad, and the latter well suffused with purple at the base. P. x nitens Arle Court var. is a very good form of this hybrid, while P. x Sallieri aureum, and P. x Mons. de Curte are too well-known to require description. The latter is splendidly developed. A form of P. x Hera, called Euryades Low’s variety, is particularly handsome, having the dorsal sepal very heavily blotched, and the petals broad and richly coloured. P. x Leeanum X Spicerianum shows a considerable return to the latter species, and has lost a _all trace of spotting in the dorsal sepal, while P. x Leeano-Calyso is FEBRUARY, 1904.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 6k much like a form of P. X Leeanum closely dotted with purple all over the dorsal sepal. P. X Crossianum Bridge Hall seedling has the petals and lip very richly coloured, and the former well spotted with brown. Lastly, may be mentioned two good forms of P. x calloso-Warneri, the variety atrorubens being very dark and richly coloured. UR lh rsh en ete ODONTOGLOSSUM x LOOCHRISTIENSE. Ir is interesting to hear of another batch of seedlings of this fine hybrid. A series of five flowers has been sent from the collection of W. Tbompson, Esq,, Walton Grange, Stone, by Mr. Stevens, who states that they are home-raised. They show a considerable amount of variation. One may be compared to a light yellow form of O. triumphans, with few spots, but considerably modified by the influence of O. crispum in the column wings and crest of the lip. The second has more dark spotting, and larger column wings than the last, while the lip is more like O. triumphans. The two next are similar, except that the brown blotches cover about half the area of the segments; while the last is very heavily blotched and remarkable for being very evenly distributed over the flower. All of them are very beautiful. Mr. Stevens states that a number of seedlings are showing for flower, one of them actually being flowering from the first bulb. We shall hope to see and hear more of them in due time. Our readers will, of course, remember the illustration of the group of 600 seedlings which appeared at page 41 of our last volume. Oo VEGETABLE CuRIos.—At the usual monthly dinner of the Horticultural Club held on November roth last, a paper bearing the above title was read by Mr. G. S. Saunders, F.L.S., and the paper was rendered the more interesting by the exhibition of a large number of beautifully-executed drawings of specimens which had come under Mr. Saunders’ personal notice. A considerable number of these represented curious divergences from the normal structure of Cypripedium flowers, which appear peculiarly prone to their production, the various parts. of the flower appearing abnormally changed in form, or even duplicated or reversed, although in, the large majority of cases the modifications can be traced as mere change of form of normal parts, and rarely as actual additions. In these cases of simple malformation, the peculiarity was almost invariably confined to the individual plant, or even the individual flower ; and although recurrent cases were cited, they seemed, as a rule, incapable of reproduction through the seed. It was also pointed out that similar eccentricity was much rarer 62 THE ORCAID: REVIEW . [| FEBRUARY, 1904. in leaves than in flowers, due, presumably, to the higher specialisation of the parts of the latter, many abnormal forms of which were obviously due to more or less reversion to the primary leaf type. NOTES. Two meetings of the Royal Horticultural Society will be held at the Drill Hall, Buckingham Gate, Westminster, during February, on the gth and 23rd, when the Orchid Committee will meet at the usual hour, 12 o’clock noon. The Manchester and North of England Orchid Society will hold meetings at the Coal Exchange, Manchester, on February 5th and roth. The committee meets at noon, and the exhibits are open to inspection from I to 3 p.m. We have received the 1904 issue of One and All Gardening, a popular Annual for Amateurs, Allotment Holders, and Working Gardeners, being ‘the ninth of the series, edited by Edward Owen Greening. It is profusely illustrated, and we find a short article devoted to the culture of Dendrobium infundibulum. In an article entitled ‘‘ Some Plants of Shakespere,”’ by the Hon. H. A. Stanhope, we find a reference to “‘ Long purples.” These are the Orchis mascula, with the flowers of varying pink and purple shades, a plant to be found in moist sheltered spots. American Gardening states that ‘firein a boiler room of the Orchid -house at Shaw’s Botanic Garden on November 7th destroyed collections of rare and valuable plants. The glass roofs of the hothouses cracked and gave way under the intense heat, fragments falling on the rare plants and finishing the work of ruination left undone by the flames. Quickly as possible the garden attaches were organized into a salvage corps, and set to work carrying the finest plants from the buildings. Thousands were saved in this way, but others, many of which may never be replaced, went up in smoke. Orchids, specimen Palms, Persian Cacti and others were included in the list of destroyed. The fire was finally checked, but not until about ro,000 dols. damage was done from the standpoint of architectural loss. The loss in botanical specimens is beyond the measuring power of money.” An excellent photograph of the late M. Godefroy Lebeuf, who was an old Kewite, appears in the issue of the Fournal of Kew Guild for 1903. He left Kew in 1872. The frontispiece of the work is a photograph of Mr. W. B. Latham, another old Kewite, who has recently retired from the curatorship of the a 6 Botanic Garden, after over 35 years. FEBRUARY, 1904.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. — 63 service. He is well known as the raiser of Cypripedium xX Lathamianum and C. X Deedmanianum. The last issue of Messrs. Cogniaux and Goossens interesting little Dictionnaire des Orchidées contains figures of the following Orchids :— Angrecum filicornu, Brassia verrucosa, Calanthe veratrifolia, Coelogyne speciosa var. albicans, C. pandurata, Cypripedium insigne var. Forster- manil, C. X Leeanum, Dendrobium Lowii, Epidendrum polybulbon, Leelio- cattleya X Frederick Boyle var. Kerchovize, Phaius albus, Selenipedium X nitidissimum and Stanhopea Langlasseana. We observe that American Florist for December 1gth last contains an illustration of a fine example of Phalzenopsis ‘‘amabilis”’ from the collec- tion of Dr. Paul Schiffman, St. Paul, Minn., U.S.A. (p. 793). It is evidently the Philippine plant now known as P. Aphrodite, not the original P. amabilis of Blume. The effect of the unfortunate confusion between the Malayan and Philippine plants has not yet been lost. The issue for December 26th also contains a note and illustration of Cattleya Dowiana (pp. 838, 839), from the collection of A. Hallstrom, Esq., of the same place. The current volume of the Botanical Magazine opens with two plates of the remarkable and handsome Cymbidium rhodochilum, Rolfe (tt. 7932 79 33), one of them showing a reduced drawing of the whole plant, the other the apex of the inflorescence, natural size. Commenting on the collector’s statement that it alwaysgrows on masses of Platycerium, Mr. Hemsley remarks that “‘ it is not unusual for one epiphyte to grow on another, but it is rare for the associated plants to be constantly the same.” The history of the plant was given at page 184 of our tenth volume. There is also a plate of Arethusa sinensis, Rolfe (t. 7935), from a plant which flowered in the collection of H. J. Elwes, Esq. It is an interesting addition to a small genus, which is remarkable in its distribution for an Orchid, having one North American, two Central American, one Japanese, and one Chinese species. —<—_—_—_—_—_ + Tue Orcuip Stup Boox.— We have received numerous enquiries respecting this work, and hoped to have been able to give full details this month, but regret that we were not able to get them ready in time. We hope that our readers will recognise the difficulties entailed in the work, and excuse a little unavoidable delay, which no one regrets more than ourselves. 64 - THE ORCHID. REVIEW. (FEBRUARY, 1904. ORCHID PORTRAITS. ARETHUSA SINENSIS, Rolfe.—Bot. Mag., t. 7,935. CaTTLeEyvA DuUCHESNEI.—Rev. Hort., Belge, 1904, p. 3, with plate. CaTTLEYA MENDELIT LACKNERI.—Gartenflora, 1903. CYMBIDIUM RHODOCHILUM, Rolfe.—Bot. Mag., tt. 7,932, 7,933- CYPRIPEDIUM X GODSEFFIANUM.—ourn. Hort., 1904, i., pp. 48, 49,’ with fig. CYPRIPEDIUM INSIGNE.—Gard. World, 1904, pp. 51, 54, with fig. EPIDENDRUM ELEGANS.—Gard. Chron., 1904, 1., p. 66, fig. 28. L&LIO-CATTLEYA X CASSIOPE WESTONBIRT vAR.—Journ. Hort., 1904, l., pp. 26, 27, with fig. L#LIO-CATTLEYA X HAROLDIANA JOHN BrRADSHAW.—Garden, 1904, 1., p. 25, with fig. . -L#LIO-CATTLEYA X KERCHOVA.—Le Fardin., 1904, p. 20, with fig. ODONTOGLOSSUM CRISPUM. ODONTOGLOSSUM CRISPUM MARIENFELDENSE.—Gartenfl., 1903, p. 562, te 520. ODONTOGLOSSUM X VUYLSTEKEI VIVICANS.—Gard. Chron., 1904, 1., P- 3» fig. 3; Fourn. Hort., 1904, i. pp. 4, 5, with fig.; Gard. Mag., 1904, p. 59; with fig. ONCIDIUM PLATYBULBON, Regel.—Gartenjl., 1903, p. 449, t- 1518, 2 es PES. : ONCIDIUM PR#STANS Rchb. f.—Gartenfl.,, 1903, p. 450, t. 1518 Bes.’ Zi PHYSOSIPHON LoppiGEsit.—Journ. Hort., 1904,.1., pp. 70, 71, with, fig. VANDA CQERULEA.—Garden, 1904, i., p. a with fig. Amer. Card., 1903, p. 715, with fig. : CORRESPONDENCE. a sei erence not answered here may find replies to their — on other pages, and in some es, for ous reasons, they may have to stand over for a future issue. In the case of hybrid sardines 3 sph for name, the parentage and history should always be briefly stated, for wibhews these details we are not always able to deal with them satisfactorily, A.D., Uddington. wheal seedling from Paphiopedilum villosum x Spicerianum is 4 good form of P. x Lathamianum. ‘The dorsal sepal is very prettily marked, and the plant should be taken pete of. WE have received the descriptive Catalogue of Orchids issued by Messrs Charlesworth & Co. tn or 1904, containing a fine series of hybrids, as well as the usual list a sa hg and varietie ge This ee Paphiopedilum i is just one of those which we think should not be named un elops into-somethi tter when next it flowers. It is: not a primary hybrid, ey ne ae at all events, not an improvement on existing kinds. We agree, however, that all hybrids between distinct species should be recorded, as ced are of : biological se quite apart from their decorative value MURRAY’S PATENT ORCHID STAND. et ie oe Orchids to perfection and for profit ‘‘Try a few on Stands.” If you want to grow most of the to be Pronounced by leading Orchid Growers perfection. MILLIONS SOLD. ' Patented by William Murray, late Orcnid Grower to N. C. Cookson, Esq. ; the British American Well Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C Price List containing full information from The Wnited Wire Works, 1td., NEWCASTLE-ON-TYNE. ORCHIDS. ORCHIDS. appr sabe of our fine and varied Stock ids, and new range of ORCHID HOUSES. is rseapentessie invited. Rare and Choice Cypripediums, Cendrobiums, &c. a speciality. DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUES POST FREE. a oe Orchid Growers &« Fmporters, THE GRANGE NURSERIES, Westgate Hill, Bradford, Yorks. H. A. BURBERRY'S system of personally Giving Ad- vice and Demonstrating Methods of Orchid Cultivation insures suc- cess and satisfaction. One gentleman s ys: “I conside a4 your visit has been ha bv £100 to me. benefit matters Orchids, the experience in of their All desirous of having his long affecting the. welfare should communicate with him, and he will glad to wait on them when in the vicinity, at a. very small fee. ; H. A. B. attends Orchid Sales, and will be pleased to receive com- missions to buy for those who cannot attend. Ethel House, King’s Heath, BIRMINGHAM. SAN DER’S ORCHID GUIDE ADDRESS : ALL: THE best KNown SPECIES AND IETIES OF ORCHIDS wn CULTIVATION. Their native countries, descriptions of the plants and flowers, season of ror best method of cultiva- tion, temperatures, watering, potting, ventilation, &e. Concise, ee instructive & useful, , WEATHERS, Hon, Sec Botanical Gardens, Manchester. MARKET ORCHID HOUSES A. SPECIALFEY. FOR Conservatories, Orchid Houses, Fernevries, Cucumber and Melon Houses, Vineries, ete. CRISPIN’S, RISTOL. AHA ‘ir FOR All Classes of Hot Water Boilers and Printed by RoW Simpson & Co., Ltd. Richmond Pr23s, Sheen Road, Richmond, Survey. VS fe SG eae eee ees ee | ee 5 ol Subscriptions for 1904 are now due. VoL. XIT.] APRIL, 1904, [No. 136. THE ORCHID REVIEW: Hn Fllustrated Monthly Journal of Orchidology. Contents. PAGE PAGE Calendar’ of Operations for April .. .. 121 | Orchids from Penarth awe oo eS” e aysis and their Culture ... ee a2 Pg {Orchids ape Streatham sds sents Corresponden ce ve .. 128 | Dendrobium x Blackianum s ae Diacrium bicornutum ( (fig. 22) 113 | Orchid: fro om 1 WwW eston- Aa ‘Mare ries €5 Dies Orchidia 3c OF <---> Pap Do ras 302 Epiphytic Orchids and their "support w+ FIO | Paphicpedilna x Ethe t ae ‘a9: 4008 Hybridist ck 5 w+ TTL | Paphiopedilum x ingens eee ees eile Dendrobium x M yr wes oie EY Paphiopedilum x Irene wes rae fs 3 Lzlio-cattleya x G lycera. An . Fit} +» Paphiog x Muriel on os) 868 Leaf-mould for Orchids... es aia) FO _opuineaiun “ Vera .:: ot ot ae ae vexillaria ... ees aa ... roo | Orchidsin season .. eae Pee! ai” hz 126 Paphiope eit x Robbinsi eae oe 220 Ocidntogloana x Coradinei ee WR) i | Scuticaria Steele (fig. 2 ee ans 105 Orchid Portraits oe i. ae. poome ree ees ate SETA Orchid Sale at Wilmslow’. ee te HOE Roy aE Hoticultural Bi? =i: cel EEE me SEE SPECIAL NOTIGE OPPOSITE PAGE 3 OF WRAPPER. PRICE SIXPENCE MONTHLY. Post FREE Le PER ANNUM PAYABLE IN ADVANCE. All Communications should be addressed to the Editor, as overleaf. Trade suppliea dy— MARSHALL BROTHERS, Keswick House, Paternoster Row, Lonpon, E.C. [The right of reproduction ts reserved.| SANDER & SONS, va. Largest Importers and Growers of Orchids in the World. LS e ms NOTICES, The ORCHID REVIEW is published regularly at the Peeps of each month, Hae 6d. net. Annual Subscription, post free, 7/-, payable in a The Editor invites communications on_ interesting subjects (which should be written on one side of the paper only), also Porrenics, &c., of rari | } All Subscriptions, Advertisements, Communications and Books for review, should be addressed :—The Epiror oF THE ORCHID REviIEw, Lawn Crescent, Cheques and Postal Orders should be made payable to FRANK LESLIE & Co. .» and, to ensure safety in transit, should be crossed “ & Co. Volumes I. to XI. can be supplied unbound at 6/-, or bound in cloth, 7/6, postage extra. Cost of postage: post, 9d. per volume; parcel post within the United l Also cases for binding xe volume at 1/6 each, post free throughout the postal union. SCALE OF CHARGES FOR ADVERTISEMENTS. <6, d, 2&8. 785 Five lines ti under in column... O 2 6 Half column or rose page .. 0: 12 0 Per line afte - O O 6 | One column or half page .. Bs SSE : One-eighth haan O&O Whole page SO i Quarter column or Rapes se pa ge 7 at BIS. Advertisements and late news should be received not later than the 24th of the .nonth. i Booksellers Whoksale Orilers should be pnt to } MARSHALL BROTHERS, Keswick Housr, PATERNOSTER Row, Lonpon, E.C. SENECIO 4 TANGUTICUS. | A new and distinct hardy per- ennial from Central China. The flowers are yellow, produced in | dense terminal panicles on stems six to seven feet high, during the i month of September. : —_—+>0-< Award of Merit from the Royal Horticultural Society, September , 15th, 1903. Price 3s. 60. each; 868, per dozen. DELIVERY, IN APRIL, 1904. James’ Veitch & Sons, LTD., CHELSEA, S.W. DPE COORCEID RE VIG VoL. ALI.) APRIL, 1904. {[No. 136. DIES ORCHIDIANI. THE recent announcement respecting the forthcoming Orchid Stud-Book, (page 65) is the most important which we have had for some time. About three years ago we had a discussion respecting the Registration of Novelties, for which it was proposed to establish a sort of Central Institution. I then commented on the proposal (vol. ix, p. 97), and was rather curious as to how the idea would develop. Nothing, however, came of it, and now the proposal crops up again in another form, at all events so far as hybrids are concerned. The idea of compiling an Orchid Stud-Book was an excellent one, but it has evidently been recognised that even a book of Records would rapidly get out of date, and so it is announced that the additions will be recorded monthly in the Review as they appear, arranged on the same system. Such a scheme has long been badly wanted. I have got rather tired of calling attention to confusion in nomenclature, and indeed it seems of little use when we have no up-to-date standard of reference. Those who wish to avoid the multiplicity of names for the same hybrid, so frequently complained of, scarcely know where to look for the necessary information as to what crosses have already been raised, so rapidly do the various lists become out of date. And the want of uniformity which has characterised many of the records of recent years, owing to the existence of several different systems, has been rather bewildering. Some hybrids have no names at all, their parentage alone having been recorded, which in some cases has arisen from the uncertainty as to whether they had previously flowered, and the praiseworthy desire to avoid adding to the existing confusion. With the appearance of the Orchid Stud-Book this uncertainty should be removed. The prospectus issued states that the work aims at providing a standard of nomenclature, as well as a ready means of ascertaining what hybrids have already been raised, and this should add immensely to its value. The appearance of the work will be awaited with considerable impatience, and I hope all my readers will show their appreciation of this very practical 97 98 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [APRIL, 1904. attempt to solve an extremely difficult question by giving the work their active support. The work should be of the greatest utility to every raiser of hybrid Orchids, and what Orchid grower is not also a raiser now-a-days ? I have watched the controversy respecting the use of leaf-mould with a _ great deal of interest, and am astonished at the utterly contradictory views expressed by these who have tried it. The notes given at pages 8g and go of your last issue are very good examples of this, but the net result can scarcely be called satisfactory. I have just come across some further notes of the discussion before the New York Horticultural Society (Amer. Gard., 1904, p. 132), which it may be interesting to reproduce, as it is difficult to condense them further. They are entitled ‘“‘ Food for Orchids,” and are as follows :— «Tt will be well to burst the leaf-mould bubble, and relegate it to the place where ‘Jadoo’ gracefully reposes. We have tried the leaf-mould carefully, and were at the time anxious to get all there was. in it—for the plants. They were tried in it for nearly a year, but before the end of that period it was seen to be very injurious; the plants had all ‘wet feet,’ the compost having decomposed so rapidly as to wash down among them, and clog the drainage. This very nearly finished the plants; many have not yet recovered, but all suffered, as did the Cattleyas tried in similar material. “It must not be imagined that these trials were made in a haphazard manner. All potting and subsequent watering was done with my own hands—and with judgment—with the result that nothing is now used but | Osmunda root fibre, and there is no better material to be had. “There is altogether too much stress placed upon the ‘component parts’ of a compost for Orchids. Cultivators have yet to be weaned from the idea that seems all-pervading, that the roots take up from the potting medium food for their sustenance as do other classes of terrestrial plants. The only instance that memory brings is of the grower who planted Orchids in some mechanical substance, such as asbestos, and by judicious watering with plant foods in the liquid states, attained surprising results. The great value of our Osmunda root lies in its indestructibility, remaining a sweet and healthy rooting medium for years. It is said to be rich in potash, but this is very slowly available, not nearly sufficiently rapid to sustain the plants during growth, to say nothing of the drain upon their vitality during the flowering season. “* Hence, we were forced to the conclusion that something was lacking; that the tens of thousands of Orchids imported were being literally starved to death, for it may be pretty surely understood that though air plants, air alone will not feed them, and being air plants, soil will not feed them. = Sar no ee ‘Achiete- AES? Pee ee APRIL, 1904.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 99 ‘After experimenting in various ways with water containing nitrate of ‘soda and ammonium sulphate, we could see that there were good results ‘derived, but the need was ever felt of a formula that was based on the exact needs of the plants—one that would eliminate the element of uncertainty as to strength of solution. “It was at this stage that Cookson published his formula in the ORCHID REVIEW, and he stated that by its employment on plants separated by its use merely—otherwise on the same bench—he could easily pick out the ones his gardener had applied it to, and in the light of our experience this is easily believed. “The formula Cookson recommends is: three ounces of nitrate of potassium, two ounces of ammonium phosphate by weight, dissolved in three gallons of water, then one liquid ounce is used of this solution to each gallon of water applied to the plants.—E. O. Orpet, in address before the Horticultural Society of New York.” It is quite clear that something was wrong. I should suspect too much water; and perhaps the leaf-mould was not of the right kind. But the writer goes into the matter deeply, and gets right down to the reason of things. He speaks of cultivators having yet to be weaned from the pervading idea that the roots of Orchids take up food for their sustenance from the potting medium, like other terrestrial plants. But thousands of ‘Orchids are terrestrial plants, and they certainly obtain their food in the same way. Then he speaks of the indestiuctibility of Osmunda fibre, hence the food supply was insufficient, and he was forced to the conclusion that tens of thousands of Orchids were being “literally starved to death”’; yet he adds “soil will not feed them.’”” Nowit strikes me that both fallen leaves and Osmunda fibre come under the head of decaying vegetable matter, though one decays and gives up the food supply too fast and the other not fast enough, so that the happy medium might be found by combining the two in the right proportions. However, Mr. Orpet seems to have found ‘salvation in the use of the ‘‘ Cookson formula” combined with indestructible ‘Osmunda fibre, though he almost suggests that the latter might be replaced by some such material as asbestos, with equally good results. The one point that is clear to me after a perusal of the article is that the “‘ compost”’ must be of the right mechanical composition, and that it must contain the necessary food. How the food is to be got there is a matter of secondary importance. It is well known that, in a wild state, epiphytic Orchids -derive a great part of their food supply from decaying vegetable matter, in which decaying leaves form no inconsiderable item. If cultivators can find an efficient substitute, well and good ; but in cases of failure it is not so much the fault of the leaves as of the method of using them. One may have too 100 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [APRIL, 1904- much leaves and too little drainage, and in some cases other ingredients are necessary, for all Orchids do not grow under identical conditions in this respect, by any means. The last word on this question has evidently not yet been said. But let us turn to a more poetic subject, namely, the ‘‘ return of spring,” as seen by Mr. Lewis Morris :—‘“‘ Just at present it is in the carefully tended glasshouses that the first files of the advancing pageant are most fully seen. I know nothing pleasanter than the air of such a place, not unduly warm or damp ; not devoted to the uncanny Orchid, which spells death to so many honest lads who come out at dawn from the reeking heat to be stricken with death by the cruel east wind” (Gard. Chron., 1904, il. p. 193). I know not whether this comes under the head of poetic licence, but I fear that the: Orchidological education of this gentleman has been somewhat neglected. ARGUs. MILTONIA VEXILLARIA. UNDER the title “‘ Success with Miltonia vexillaria ’’ we find an interesting article by Mr. E. O. Orpet in American Gardening for February 27th (p. 132), accompanied by a photograph of a fine plant of what looks sur- prisingly like M. X Bleuana. Mr. Orpet recommends pans in preference to pots, as the plants are shallow-rooting subjects, and it may be noticed in repotting that the roots are always near the surface. Repotting is done when the new growth is about half developed, this being the time when new roots are emitted in quantity, and fresh material is taken hold of at once, the plants becoming fully established at flowering time. After flowering the plants are allowed to rest and recuperate in a cool shady: place, watering being given as needed, and in early autumn they begin to grow again. A winter temperature of 50° to 55° is recommended, and during the four winter months, any direct sunlight that reaches the plants is considered beneficial, as it imparts to the foliage a ruddy bronze tint that denotes healthy conditions and a promise of abundant bloom. Humidity in the air is beneficial at all times, but spraying overhead is avoided, as water lodging at the base of the leaves is liable to cause decay. The compost is not mentioned. Mr. Orpet deprecates using the plants for room decoration, as he once lost a very fine lot of plants through it. ‘‘ The graceful arching sprays last often six weeks on the plants, and we had. branching stems, one of which bore fourteen flowers, and the display was- beautiful. When the flowers had passed, however, we found that. the: plants had, too—for not one survived the ordeal.’’ ‘cooeemmeie P= APRIL, 1604 } THE ORCHID REVIEW. for ORCHIDS FROM WESTON-SUPER-MARE. A BEAUTIFUL series of flowers is sent from the collection of W. M. Appleton, Esq., of Weston-super-Mare; mostly hybrid Paphiopedilums, and containing a good proportion of novelties. First, however, must be mentioned a flower of Lelia superbiens, which is rather interesting, as the plant from which it was cut is said to have come home in a piece of white Lelia anceps, thus affording evidence that the two grow together. An abnormal flower of some Paphiopedilum is very puzzling, as it consists of four sepals in opposite pairs, a whorl of four undulate petals, two imperfect lips, four anthers, a single staminode, and one stigma—all more or less abnormal—which suggests that in some way two flowers have become fused together. Last year a flower sent from the same plant was also abnormal, as described at page 127 of our last volume. It appears to be a hybrid of P. Spicerianum, possibly a form of P. X Medeia. Paphiopedilum x villexul (villosum X exul) is a striking and beautiful hybrid, having flowers of intermediate shape, and bright yellow in colour, with a broad white margin to the dorsal sepal, on the centre of which are numerous very dark brown blotches, with some smaller ones at the base of the petals. P. x Madiotianum is a pretty hybrid from P. villosum xX Chamberlainianum, retaining much of the general habi: of the latter, but a greater approach to P. villosum in the details of the flower. P. X Kamilii agrees with the preceding, except that P. Boxallii replaces P. villosum as the seed parent, and there is more brown on the dorsal sepal, and the petals have more of the shape and reticulations of that parent. In a similar way P. Xx Venilia agrees with P. X Madiotianum, except that P. Victoria-Marie replaces P. Chamberlainianum as the pollen parent. The seedling agrees well with the original, described at page 58. The influence of the pollen parent is very obvious in the shape and colour of the lip and petals. Another pretty hybrid was raised from P. xX Leeanum Masereelianum X Chamberlainianum, and thus isa form of P. x Marie. . It recently received an Award of Merit from the R. H. S. under the name of Cypripedium X Morteni. It resembles the preceding hybrid in habit, but has some handsome purple markings on the dorsal sepal and petals. P. X Dowlingianum (insigne X Psyche) is a gem, having a cream-yellow flower with large purple blotches on the dorsal sepal, and smaller ones on the petals. It is said to be much better than the original. P. x Phoebe {bellatulum x philippinense) is a handsome hybrid, quite intermediate in character, which Mr. Appleton describes as one of the best and darkest forms he has yet raised. P. X Elsie (Boxallii x Charlesworthil) is another charming thing, fairly intermediate in character, but most re- sembling the latter in the colour of the dorsal sepal, while the whitish 102 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [APRIL, 1904. staminode bears a very prominent yellow central tooth. P. x Schlesinger- ianum is represented by one of the finest forms we have seen, having the blotches on the dorsal sepal exceptionally large. We now proceed to describe briefly the novelties :— P. X IRENE (Boxallii x exul) bears a considerable resemblance to: P. X villexul, but the flower is more green, the dorsal sepal has a broader white margin, and the staminode and lip are rather smaller. On the whole it has rather more of the P. exul shape. P. X YOLANDE (barbatum X exul) is a neat and well-coloured flower,. most resembling the former parent. The dorsal sepal is green at the base, with some small blackish spots, and between this and the white margin the colour is purple. The petals are intermediate in shape, greenish suffuscd with purple, except at the base, where they are spotted with dark brown; while the lip is suffused with purple. P. X MarGery (tonsum xX exul) most resembles the former parent in shape and colour. The dorsal sepal is ovate, with a broad white margin, the central part being green spotted with brown. ‘The petals are green, suffused with light purple, and the basal part well spotted with brown, while the lip is greenish suffused with light purple. The exul character is not very apparent, but can be traced in the staminode. P. X SALLY (barbatum x Sallieri Hyeanum) recalls a light form of P. Ashburton, from which it differs in having part of its insigne parentage replaced by P. villosum. It is likely to be a vigorous grower. P. X ETHEL (Stonei x Chamberlainianum) has much of the habit of the latter, but is most like the former in floral details, having attenuate petals, and an acute dorsal sepal; also some brown striping on a light ground. Like some of the others, it is probably not yet fully developed. P. X MurieEL (Chamberlainianum X tonsum) is most like an enlarged edition of the former, but is paler in colour. The dorsal sepal is greenish, and bears many small brown dots; the petals undulate, and also much dotted with brown, while the lip is suffused with light purple. P. X Dorotuy (Victoria-Mariz X insigne) is most like the former in habit. The dorsal sepal is green with a cream-yellow margin, an irregular purple blotch at the base, and some brown spots above; the petals undulate, and yellowish with some brown markings; the lip light reddish brown, and the staminode yellow. It is a very attractive hybrid. P. X VERA (Spicerianum X Godefroyze leucochilum) is an elegant little hybrid, somewhat recalling P. x Enid in general character. In shape it most resembles the pollen parent, but the dorsal sepal and petals are heavily veined and reticulated with purple, while a suffusion of the latter colour largely obscures the yellow ground colour. The staminode LY APRIL, 1904.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 103 and lip are paler in colour. It is very promising, and Mr. Appleton remarks that the plant is at present very small. P. X INGENS is a remarkably vigorous hybrid, supposed to be from P. insigne X Rothschildianum. It is most like the former in general character, but the petals are broader, not horizontal, suffused with purple- brown, and spotted at the base, while the acute dorsal sepal is spotted much like P. insigne, except that the spots are somewhat confluent in lines. The plant has been noticed for a long time as very distinct, and made six strong growths before flowering. 9 ODONTOGLOSSUM X CORADINEI.—A curious form of Odontoglossum xX Coradinei has just flowered with Mr. James O’Brien, Harrow-on-the Hill. It is rather small, and has numerous dots and small blotches on the lower part of the sepals and petals, the basal ones being quite line-like in character. Owing to this I at first thought there were traces of O. gloriosum in it, but other characters are not in agreement, and I find traces of similar markings in certain forms of O. Lindleyanum. This parent comes out very strongly in the flower, while the broader more mem- branaceous segments show the influence of O. crispum. The plant is very small at present. It is rather curious that the hybrid between O. Lindleyanum and O. gloriosum has not yet been recognised. I pointed out the probability of its existence over ten years ago (O. R., i., p. 277), but nothing is yet known about it. R. A. R. ORCHIDS FROM STREATHAM. A very beautiful series of Dendrobiums is sent from the collection of R. G. Thwaites, Esq., of Streatham (gr. Mr. Black). First may be mentioned a flower of the chaste D. nobile virginale, raised from seed, from self-fertilised flowers. The seedlings were mentioned at page 259 of our last volume, and it is interesting to find that they come true from seed, as has been the case with several other albinos. Dendrobium X Thwaitesiz is represented by three quite diverse forms, from seedlings now flowering for the first time. One has buff yellow flowers with a red-maroon disc; the second is larger, and has whitish flowers, with a red-purple disc ; while the third is rather small, and has light purple segments, brighter towards the apex, and the disc dark maroon in front, but broken up into radiating lines behind. A flower of D. xX Wigania is said to be from a plant bearing over one hundred flowers, and must have been very effective. 104 THE ORCHID REVIEW. (APRIL, 1904. D. X Ellisii album is a very pretty form, having white flowers, bearing traces of a pair of small purple spots at the base of the yellow disc. D. xX Cybele is represented by four very pretty forms, obtained from D. nobile elegans X D. Findlayanum, now flowering for the first time, which should develop into good things. Two good forms of D. nobile are also sent; one called Thwaites’ var. has very broad segments, with a very dark blackish-maroon disc to the lip, while the other is D. n. murrhiniacum, a splendidly developed flower, having the disc bright rose-pink instead of maroon. Lastly may be mentioned a remarkable series of nine forms of a new hybrid :— DENDROBIUM X BLACKIANUM, now flowering for the first time. It was obtained by crossing a fine D. Findlayanum with the pollen of D. X Wiganiz. The range of variation is remarkable. There are three buff-yellow forms, with the disc of the lip reddish-maroon, and somewhat varying in size, and one paler, whitish yellow form, with only traces of a _ pair of small purple spots at the base of the yellow disc. Four others have pale blush lips, one of them having small purple tips to the segments, while all have a purple disc to the lip, in two cases surrounded by a narrow zone of yellow. The last is more like a large form of D. Findlayanum, with the upper halves of the sepals and petals and apex of the lip rosy purple, and the disc light reddish-maroon, surrounded by a narrow yellow zone, shading off to cream colour. Thus there are forms approaching each of the parents, and some of them are likely to develop into fine things. The flowers all bear evidence of excellent culture. ORCHID SALE AT WILMSLow.—A sale of duplicates from the collectiom of E. Ashworth, Esq., Harefield Hall, Wilmslow, took place on the premises on March 23rd and 24th, the auctioneers being Messrs. Protheroe and Morris, of Cheapside. The highest figure reached was 340 guineas, for a plant of Odontoglossum crispum var. Ashworthianum, the purchasers being Messrs. McBean, of Cooksbridge. This is said to have been the highest price which a single plant has ever fetched under the hammer. The plant consisted of one healthy bulb with a young growth just appearing. The beautiful albino Cattleya amethystoglossa Sander was purchased by Mr. Duckworth for 200 guineas; but beyond these few high prices were realised. C. superba alba fetched 31 guineas. Plants of Cypripedium insigne Harefield Hall var. averaged about 11 or 12 guineas each, and some choice seedlings two to three guineas each, but good _plants of many well-known kinds fetched only a few shillings. The sale was attended by eS from London, Manchester, Eivepecl, and other centres. ee aE NRT ne meee Teas ye ae Rr gt ee aN Pe ee ee ee ee ee Re ne ee ee neg Pees Ee aoa APRIL, 1904.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 105 SCUTICARIA STEELEI. SCUTICARIA STEELE! is a very striking Orchid, having long, whip-like foliage, which sometimes attains a length of three to four feet, while its flowers, which are borne on short pedunces from the rhizome, are very handsome, being light yellow, strongly blotched and barred with red brown. The annexed figure of a plant which flowered in the Royal Botanic Garden, Glasnevin, shows its general character, and is reproduced from a photograph taken by Mr. Leo Farmar. The species has been known since 1837, when it flowered in the collection of John Moss, Esq., Fic. 21. SCUTICARIA STEELEI. of Otterspool, near Liverpool, and was figured in the Botanical Magazine (t. 3573), under the name of Maxillaria Steelei. It had been introduced from Demerara in the previous year by Mr. Matthew Steele, after whom it was named. It afterwards became the type of the genus Scuticaria. Messrs. Schomburgk afterwards found it in their exploration of British Guiana, growing on trunks of trees on the banks of the Rivers Essequibo and Demerara, and flowering in June and July. Although large quantities 106 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [APRIL, 1904. have been introduced, it cannot be called common in cultivation, partly, perhaps, because it is not a very accommodating plant. It should be attached to a block of wood, with a little fibrous peat and living sphagnum about its roots, and be placed in the warmest house, in the lightest possible position, and syringed freely during the growing season. Very little is known of the conditions under which it grows in a wild state. ERE a tee ee LEAF-MOULD FOR ORCHIDS. Mucu has been already written upon this subject, and those who have had experience of the material under proper conditions are inclined to consider the question as now definitely settled, and settled in its favour. Still there seem to be many who have not met with success in using it. You, Mr. Editor, have asked for further notes from cultivators, and I send you my experiences, in the hope that they may be a guide to those who are meeting with difficulties in its use, or that it may induce a further trial from those who, most likely from non-observance of essential conditions, have returned to the old mixture of peat and moss. When leaf-mould was first suggested to me, I was told that the Belgian mould was the only one that could be used with any prospect of success, and my first trials were made with this. At the same time, having a plentiful supply of oak leaves, I began to prepare a material of my own. When this was ready for use, I sent samples of it and of the Belgian to an analyst, who gave me the following results :— BELGIAN. ENGLISH. Water (lost at 212F.) is ea AGS 50°72 *Vegetable matter... hes a 0 OO 33°78 Lime ... oe di ine 34 -24 Phosphoric acid es om i eXe) "08 Potash 8 Sea abe "24 "13 Alkaline a oe magnesia, etc. aa ees 1°06 (Oxides of iron and alumina.) SANG vs mee ie as Na ae Se 13°99 100°'— 100°— *Containing nitrogen 58 68 The Analyst added that he did not see any reason why plants that would grow in the one soil should not equally flourish in the other, and his opinion has been fully justified. | From that time I used my own material, and no other, but I mix a greater proportion of sand with it than is mentioned in the English analysis. We are now (March) using last autumn’s oak leaves, and our ce ne ees eerie cnn ncn ke Aprit, 1904.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 107 method of preparation is to store them together in a heap, placing them on some substance which will prevent worms reaching them: a cement floor is the best, but boards will do. This heap is left in the open for about three to four months, being occasionally turned over in order to prevent fermentation, and then it is removed into a potting shed. When dry it is cut up by machine—we have adapted an old lawn mower for this purpose— the result being a material consisting of small dry pieces of leaves, of about the size of a threepenny piece. With the addition of some fine sand, it is then ready for use. I cannot insist too strongly that the method of preparing the material should ensure absence of worms; their presence in the soil is fatal to good culture. Consisting as it does of half decayed leaves, the material is of a very springy nature; therefore in potting the plants it must be pressed firmly into the pots; otherwise, as it decays, it subsides too much, to the detriment of the plants’ welfare. A thick covering of moss is most essential; for pots I use it about two inches in depth, and care should be taken that the moss is put in fairly tight; for pans it need not be so deep. As a rule, plants should be repotted every two years; still, I have had some plants doing well which have been left longer. One which I have at present must have been five years in the same soil. It is a fine specimen of Lelio-cattleya X elegans. When I purchased it, it had evidently been potted about two years, but it was not ready for the operation, and after- wards the bulb made such a good growth that I left it alone, and it has gone on ever since exceedingly well; of course the watering had to be very carefully attended to. The bulb made in 1902 measured 11 inches, or including the leaf rft. r1in. The 1903 bulb measures 18 inches, or including the leaf, 2ft. 6;in. But the plant is now over the pot, and must be repotted this year. This, however, is a very exceptional case. Now as to the treatment of the plant after potting: let me say, with the greatest emphasis possible, that the cardinal point in leaf-mould culture is the watering. In my opinion, for those who can grow Orchids at all, there is practically no other question to be considered. I am not speaking of those amateurs or those gardeners who kill their Orchids, no matter what potting material is used, but of those who can grow these plants: the whole question of leaf-mould versus peat is—care in watering. The plants in the Intermediate house are gone over once a week. Those that look as if they wanted water, get it from a can with a thin spout, and half of this spout is blocked up with wood. Consequently, only a small trickle leaves the can, and when the thick pad of moss is moistened, we go on to the next. The moss is the indicator, and make sure no plant is watered until the moss wants it; far preferable is it to starve the plant. 108 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [APRIL, 1904. Some of my Cattleya Trianae have gone six weeks without any. I have almost come to the conclusion that the soil does not require any watering at all, or only at very infrequent intervals; if the moss is kept damp, enough moisture reaches the leaf-mould. One may really say that the object to be aimed at is not to keep the sapere moist, but rather to keep it from becoming dry. Occasionally we come across a plant that has slightly hiivelled. and this is more often due to the presence of worms in the soil than to any other cause; their action destroys the properties of the leaves, reducing them to a sticky mass, and the roots decay rapidly. The best remedy is to repot the plant, and with leaf-mould this is a much easier operation than - with peat. Cattleyas, Lzlias, Oncidiums, Dendrobiums, and in fact nearly every kind grown in the Intermediate and the East Indian House, with the exception of Cypripediums, have immensely benefited by the change from peat to leaf-mould. We have always done Cattleya Percivaliana well. It is sometimes considered a difficult subject ; but unless I had experienced it, I would never have believed it possible to effect such a change. When established in leaf mould, growths seem to start from every dormant eye; in a good, many cases, the foremost bulbs make a new bulb on each side, and one two, or even three growths start from back bulbs, according to the size of the plants. The flowering growths generally produce two and very often three flowers apiece. I can hardly recall any kinds that do not benefit by the change in the two houses referred to. Plants with creeping rhizomes such as Zygopetalum Gautieri, do well on a Tree-fern stem, and these of course are not suitable for pot culture. Oncidium crispum, even weak pieces, does well and puts on large bulbs. Small spindly plants of Lelia tenebrosa make great improvement, and some small weakly plants of Dendrobium Phalzenopsis have put on new bulbs twice and three times the size of the old ones. But at the same time I would like to caution growers against attempting to establish in leaf-mould a sickly plant with few or no good roots. I much prefer to strengthen its constitution by a season in peat and moss, and when furnished with a good stock of roots, transfer them to the new material. For Cypripediums in my experience it is not suitable ; mine have never done well with it, and they are now all back in peat and some in yellow loam. Some growers say that flowers from plants grown in leaf-mould are not strong, and that they do not last so long when cut as those from plants potted in peat and moss. My experience is that there is no perceptible difference, except that from the stronger bulb one gets more flowers. Ce er APRIL, 1604.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 109 As regards Odontoglossum crispum, and the other inhabitants of the Cool house, I cannot speak with much knowledge. One thing I have resolved, viz., never again will I endeavour to establish imported crispum in the new material. I lost nearly 4o per cent. of an importation by trying it, and we were very careful with the watering, but perhaps not careful enough. As I have said above, I do not like it for weak plants or plants without roots, though I may say here that I have used it for imported Cattleya Jabiata, and never lost one. The Cool house Oncidiums all do- well in it. Odontoglossum Pescatorei seems to revel in it ; hung up near the light, it makes very fine bulbs, and throws large branched spikes ; one plant recently flowering for the first time, had about one hundred flowers on one spike. Otherwise my only trial of it with O. crispum was with a lot of established plants ; but we made the mistake of surfacing the material with a layer of peat and moss. The result was interesting though not satisfactory. On turning out the plants, the roots in the majority of cases were strong and healthy so long as they kept to the peat and moss; but died as soon as. they touched the leaf-mould. The latter was a caked sodden mass ; why ? Because the plants were watered when the peat wanted it, and it wanted it long before the leaf-mould did. Here and there we found a different Condition of affairs. Some plants had escaped this over-watering, whether by chance or because of better drainage I cannot say, and their roots were: strong, healthy, and permeating the mould in every direction. No _ better Proof was needed that it was only the watering that did the mischief. I have not tried it further for O. crispum. Those that survived of the imported plants referred to previously, are doing excellently, but I really cannot _Conscientiously say that they are doing better than the rest of my crispums. that are in peat. The latter do so well that I hesitate to make the change ;. still I mean to go on making fresh trials, and it is quite possible I may yet have all my established crispums in the new material. I may say that I do not consider the syringe is a good instrument to- use ; too much water gets into the pots. Our plants get their refreshment frequently during the day in suitable weather, from a very fine automatic Sprayer. The outside weather conditions are the sole guide as to it use. In conclusion, let me say that I am absolutely convinced that leaf- mould, with proper care, gives far and away better results than peat for the plants mentioned in the preceding remarks. The reservation I have made in these two words ‘proper care,” means everything. I do not think written words will teach anyone ; nothing but actual experience is of much use. Therefore to any amateurs who are thinking of trying it, let me advise them only to pot up a few plants to begin with, and as the €xperience is gained let them extend their operations to their more valuable. "10 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [APRIL, 19¢4. specimens. To my excellent gardener, Mr. W. H. Young, I am indebted for the care and attention he has devoted to this new material. I am sure he feels that the results he has obtained in the increased vigour of the plants under his charge have amply repaid all the trouble he has taken over them. But this proper care is so very essential, and is after all so seldom given by the average gardener, that I am not surprised at the adverse opinion so often expressed in the REview. Careless culture with leaf- mould will kill a plant where the same carelessness with peat would only stunt its growth. To those who cannot rely on this care, I should say a mixture of peat and leaf-mould would mean less risk to the plants. I cannot say what proportions of each material should be used, but I would say, increase the proportion of leaf-mould as you find you can trust your gardener. Leaf- mould does give better results than peat, therefore get to the unmixed material as soon as you can. Reverting for a moment to the analysis previously mentioned, it may be added that the analyst—John Hughes, Esq., F.I.C.—in comparing the two samples of leaf-mould, remarked: —‘‘ The Belgian sample contains nearly one-third of its weight of sand, and I am surprised to learn that it is regarded so favourably. Probably its value may be due to the improve- ment effected in the mechanical condition of the soil with which it may be “mixed. I find by calculation that one ton of each mould would only contain :— ENGLISH. BELGIAN. visa eee: Acid : . 1,8, lbs. - 2 Ibs. Potash - 3 » : Die Lime . ; ; Boy . 7k Nitrogen” - ' : EB. 3, - 3, The Belgian is certainly drier, and contains slightly more Phcephdiie Acid, Potash and Lime, but less Nitrogen in the form of decaying vegetable matter. For the purposes of potting I should certainly think that the English quality should be fully as useful as the Belgian.” J. WiLson POTTER. ‘* Elmwood,” Croydon. Hr EPIPHYTIC ORCHIDS AND THEIR SUPPORT. It is known that most Orchids, like many other plants, harbour in their roots endophytic Fungi. These Fungi act the part of intermediaries ‘between the Orchids, and the medium on which they grow, and it is interesting to study their mutual relations, which are far from unimportant. In fact, we know that epiphytic Orchids generally confine themselves to APRIL, 1904.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. III some particular habitat. In South America, many Orchids affect the trunks of tree-ferns or of Cresceutia Cujete; others are found on Pandanus, &c. M. Jacob de Cordemoy has made a study of the relations existing between the Vanilla plant and its support, and he has communicated to the Academy of Sciences at Paris, the result of his observations. He concludes that there exists between the lateral and erial roots of the Vanilla and the support to which they cling, a mycorhiza, or a combination of the roots with an endophytic fungus. The endophyte throws out a ramified mycelium, which forms a strict connection between the lateral roots and its living support. This morphological connection probably corresponds to some physiological connection, the Fungus being able to find in the tissues of the living support certain nutritive principles useful to the growth of the Orchid. In this case thei:e would be a real symbiotic connection existing - between the mycorhiza and the roots of the Orchid.—Revue Horticole. THE HYBRIDIST. L#&LIO-CATTLEYA X GLYCERA.—A year ago we received from the collec- tion of Reginald Young, Esq., Sefton Park, Liverpool, the inflorescence of avery pretty little hybrid between Cattleya Trianze and Lelia rupestris, but owing to pressure it failed to get recorded. Mr. Young has now again sent a three-flowered inflorescence, showing it to be a very charming little plant. Lelia rupestris is a rare Brazilian species closely resembling L. flava in almost every respect but that of colour, but its flowers are deep purple. The hybrid most resembles this parent, the inflorescence sent being a foot long, and the flowers having an expanse of 3} inches. The sepals and petals are widely spreading, lanceolate oblong in shape, and deep lilac-purple in colour; while the front of the lobe is much deeper purple, very crispo-undulate, and but little expanded—as in hybrids of L. cinnabarina—and the disc and side-lobes are lilac veined with purple. The poillinia are those of Lzlio-cattleya, four large and four small, and the influence of the Cattleya parent is also seen in the increased size and modified details, but in floral characters it most resembles the Lelia parent. It is a charming little plant. An inflorescence of the same hybrid was exhibited at the last meeting of the R.H.S., from the collection of the Hon. Walter Rothschild, M.P. DENDROBIUM X Myra.—A very pretty hybrid from the collection of Sir Trevor Lawrence, Bart., derived from Dendrobium Linawianum ¢? and D. signatum ¢, which was exhibited at the last meeting of the R.H.S. The flower is bright buff-yellow, with a claret-purple disc, and a deep- 112 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [APRIL, 1904. yellow zone surrounding the disc. There is a considerable general resemblance to D. X Wiganiz xanthochilum, and D. X Melpomene, two other hybrids of D. signatum, of which flowers are also sent for comparison, but the present one has a smaller disc, and some other differences. The two other hybrids mentioned were derived from D. nobile and D. xX Ainsworthii respectively, and as the latter is half nobile, which species is nearly allied to the Chinese D. Linawianum, the general resemblance of the three hybrids is easily explained. It is likely to develop into a handsome thing when the plant becomes strong. ORCHIDS FROM PENARTH. SEVERAL interesting and beantiful Orchids are sent from the collection of J. J. Neale, Esq., of Penarth, by Mr. E.W. Davy. First may be mentioned part of an inflorescence of Oncidium tigrinum, grown in leaf-compost, as — described at page g0; and a most beautiful thing it is, with the flowers beautifully developed, and the lips an inch and a half broad. There is no trace of want of substance in the flowers, and we find that they last well in water. It is, in fact, a fine thing for cutting. Flowers of Oncidium olivaceum also sent are said to have been out for eleven weeks. O. Cebolleta is a very pretty species said to be flowering very freely. O. serratum Mr. Davy thinks is one of the prettiest of Oncidiums, and its much crisped segments are certainly very striking. A fine flower of Angrecum superbum is taken from an eight-flowered raceme, which has been out for ten weeks, and Paphiopedilum x Harrisianum has been expanded since the end of November. A very pretty form of Cattleya Trianz has a bright crimson front lobe to the lip, and the disc bright yellow, with the rest of the flower white. It is from a small plant, and is likely to develop into a fine thing. Epidendrum is represented by part of an inflorescence of E. Stamfordianum and the bright yellow E. xanthinum, and Vanda by the handsome V. tricolor var. planilabris. The Odontoglossums form acharming little group, and include O. crispum and O.’c. guttatum, the latter very prettily spotted with red-brown on all the segments; a good inflorescence of O. constrictum, the charming O. nevium, a good O. X Coradinei, O. cordatum, and three forms of O. Rossii... The latter Mr. Davy thinks suffers from lack of sunshine during the winter more than many others. Lastly may te mentioned a spike of seed-pods—apparently of some Polystachya. It came home in a case of various Orchids, including Angreecums, from Ashantee, W. Africa, which are said to have arrived in splendid condition, and their flowering is looked forward to with great interest. =| Rene ; = Searcy = es) Nba, apie ae be mee Sa aa APRIL, £904. | THE ORCHID REVIEW. 113 DIACRIUM BICORNUTUM. THE annexed illustration represents a very fine specimen of Diacrium bicornutum which flowered at Kew some time ago, and was photographed by Mr. Griessen, who was then in charge of the Orchid houses. It is certainly a well-grown example, producing a dozen spikes of flower.. The plant has sometimes the character of being difficult to keep, but this chiefly Fic. 22. DIACRIUM BICORNUTUM. arises from growing it under unsuitable conditions. The habitat of the Species indicates a high temperature and a moist atmosphere, and under oh ea CX eos ee gee ‘Teak baskets see these conditions it is very successfully grown at Kew. Teak baskets seem to be the most convenient receptacles, and a mixture of fibrous peat and 114 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [APRIL, 1904. sphagnum moss forms a suitable compost. The climatal conditions, however, seem the most important, and Warm house treatment is essential to success. The species has been known for about seventy years, having been originally described and figured in 1834, under the name of [’pidendrum bicornutum (Hook. Bot. Mag., t. 3332), from a plant which flowered in the collection of Earl Fitzwilliam, at Wentworth, in April of that year. It had been introduced by Messrs. Shepherd, of Liverpool, from Trinidad, a locality from whence it has since been frequently imported, and where it is said to grow on rocks on small islets so close to the sea that they must often be bathed with salt spray. Afterwards it was found by Sir Robert Schomburgk, in Demerara, growing on the trunks of trees by the River Berbice. It has also been found on the Essequebo and Corentyne Rivers, as well as on the Kwaimatta Savannah, in Guiana, and on the Island of Tobago. It is one of a few species having hollow pseudobulbs, which are tenanted by small ants, which find ingress through a small cleft at the base, that invariably occurs in the new growths. It is a very beautiful species when well grown. ——— SOCIETIES. ROYAL HORTICULTURAL. A MEETING of this Society was held at the Drill Hall, Buckingham Gate, Westminster, on March 8th, when there was a large and interesting display of Orchids. Baron Sir H. Schréder, The Dell, Egham (gr. Mr. Ballantine), staged a magnificent group, for which a Silver-gilt Flora Medal was awarded. It contained fine forms of Cattleya Triane, Cypripedium Xx Deedmani- anum, C. xX Lathamianum with eleven flowers, C. X macrochilum, Calanthe Regnieri, C. x Baron Schroder pallida, Odontoglossum X Adriane memoria Victoriz Regine, O. crispum Mrs. H. G. Moon, Lelia X vitellina, Epidendrum x dellense, Masdevallias, Sophronitis, and others. J. Colman, Esq., Gatton Park, Reigate (gr. Mr. Bound), gained a Silver Flora Medal for a fine group, containing forms of Phaius x Norman, the purple Masdevallia cucullata, M. rosea, good varieties of Cattleya Trianz Vanda Cathcartii, Cymbidium x Lowio-eburneum, Odontoglossum Edwardi, forms of O. crispum, Brassavola nodosa, Dendrobium x Ellisi1, and the rare Acineta X Humboldtii, which received an Award of Merit. R. G. Thwaites, Esq., Christchurch Road, Streatham (gr. Mr. Black), received a Silver Flora Medal for an excellent group, including several varieties of Dendrobium xX Thwaitesie, D. Wiganie, D. nobile murrhini- acum, D. n. virginale, raised true from seed, D. x Blackianum (Find- layanum X Wiganiz), a fine hybrid described on page 104, D x Cybele elegans, Odontoglossum crispum, Lzlio-cattleya x warnhamensis, &c. | ; APRIL, 1904.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 115 W. Thompson, Esq., Walton Grange, Stone (gr. Mr. Stevens), obtained ca Silver Banksian Medal for a small group, including Odontoglossum x Adriane Babette, a fine O. x crispo-Harryanum purpureum, several good forms of O. X waltonense, and two dark O. X Vuylstekei. Mrs. Haywood, Woodhatch, Reigate (gr. Mr. Salter), received an Award of Merit for Dendrobium Xx melanodiscus gloriosum, a large and handsome form, having the segments tipped with rosy purple, and an orange band surrounding the maroon purple disc. N. C. Cookson, Esq., Oakwood, Wylam-on-Tyne (gr. Mr. Chapman), exhibited the curious Dendrobium Mac-jap (MacCarthie x japonicum), having white flowers tinged with pink, and D. x nobile-Wiganiz (nobile burfordiense X Wiganiz), having white flowers with a sulphur yellow disc to the lip, and some purple lines on the lateral sepals, as in the seed parent. An Award of Merit was given to Odontoglossum crispum Kinlesideanum, a peculiar form having the petals tinged with rose and lined with cinnamon-brown, somewhat after the fashion of O. c. Lady Jane It is figured in Reichenbachia (ser. 1, vol. i., p. 103, t. 45). J. W. Potter, Esq., Elmwood, Croydon (gr. Mr. W. Young), showed Odontoglossum crispum Rossendale, a fine white form tinged with purple, and having large red-brown blotches on the lower halves of the segments, which deservedly received an Award of Merit. W. Cobb, Esq., Tunbridge Wells (gr. Mr. Howes), showed a fine ‘specimen of Leptotes bicolor, which gained a Cultural Commendation. Sir Trevor Lawrence, Bart., Burford, Dorking (gr. Mr. White), received a Cultural Commendation for a well-grown plant of Dendrobium X Luna. H. T. Pitt, Esq., Rosslyn, Stamford Hill (gr. Mr. Thurgood), exhibited Dendrobium aggregatum majus, well-grown ard heavily flowered, to which a Cultural Commendation was awarded. He also showed the handsome ‘Odontoglossum crispum S. J. Pitt, and O. X Adriane Cobbianum. De B. Crawshay, Esq., Rosefield, Sevenoaks (gr. Mr. Stables), showed ‘Odontoglossum crispum de Barri, a large form tinged with purple, and bearing a cluster of reddish-purple blotches on each segment, and O. X waltonense rosefieldiense (crispum X polyxanthum) having light yellow flowers bearing a brown blotch on each of the sepals and the lip. Captain G. L. Holford, Westonbirt (gr. Mr. Alexander), exhibited Dendrobium xX Clio Burford variety, Ada aurantiaca Westonbirt variety, the handsome Cypripedium x Scipio (Sallieri Hyeanum X Mrs. Tautz), and the finely spotted Odontoglossum X Adriane Lady Crawfurd. F. A. Rehder, Esq., Gipsy Hill (gr. Mr. Norris), exhibited Cypripedium villosum excelsum. The Rt. Hon. Lord Rothschild, Tring Park (gr. Mr. Hill), sent a branched spike of Phalenopsis X intermedia Brymeriana. 116 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [APRIL, 1904+ F. Wellesley, Esq., Westfield, Woking (gr. Mr. Hopkins), showed a. fine Lelia Jongheana, and Cypripedium X Jerninghamiz. Messrs. Charlesworth & Co., Heaton, Bradford, were awarded a Silver Flora Medal for an extremely good group, containing fine plants of Lelio- cattleya X Charlesworthii, L.-c. X Myra, Lelia X Briseis, Lelia X Digbyano-purpurata, Cattleya »% Enid, Oncidium concolor, Odonto- glossum przenitens, Cypripedium & Cravenianum (xX Hera Lucienianum xX. Spicerianum magnificurn), and some varieties of Lycaste Skinneri, including Fascinator and Exquisite. The only First-class Certificate of the meeting went to Lelio-cattleya x Haroldiana magnifica (L. tenebrosa xX C. x Hardyana), a large and handsome form. Messrs. J. Cypher and Sons, Cheltenham, gained a Silver Flora Medal for an excellent group, chiefly Dendrobiums, including D. x Rubens, varieties of D. x Ainsworthii, D. x Virgil, D. x Apollo album, D. nobile nobilius, D. n. Sanderianum, D. n. Cypheri, D. n. giganteum Berkeley’s variety, and some good piants of D. barbatulum, together with Cypripedium. villosum giganteum, C. X Chas. Richman, C. X Maudie, C. x Ash- burtone giganteum, C. X Thompsoni, and others. Messrs. Sander and Sons, St. Albans, staged a group, which gained a Silver Flora Medal. It contained Cymbidium x Lowio-eburneum, C. -grandiflorum, C. x Ballianum, the handsome Odontoglossum crispum Marie, a dark form of O. triumphans, Phaius tuberculosus, Cypripedium X aureum varieties, D. nobile nobilius, Ada aurantiaca maculata, Oncidium superbiens, Houlletia Brocklehurstiana, etc. Messrs. J. Veitch & Sons, Chelsea, showed Leliv-cattleya X Myra and Cypripedium x Harri-Leanum, the latter a dark form. Messrs. H. Low & Co., Enfield, staged an effective group, in which were D. Brymerianum, D. Boxallii, D. x Roeblingianum, D. crassinode, D. X dulce Oakwood var., Oncidiurn barbatum, O. obryzatum, Angraecum citratum, Cyripedium x Helen II., Cattleya amethystoglossa, some good forms of C. Trianz, and other plants. Messrs. Wm. Bull and Sons, Chelsea, showed two excellent forms of Lzlio-cattleya X Myra, orfe with bright yellow and the other with nearly white sepals and petals. At the meeting held on March 22nd there was again a. very fine display of Orchids, and the awards consisted of two Gold and four other medals, two first-class Certificates, five Awards of Merit, and one Botanical Certificate. Norman C. Cookson, Esq., Oakwood, Wylam-on-Tyne (gr. Mr.. Chapman), staged a magnificent group, to which a Gold Medal was. awarded. It contained a beautiful series of Odontoglossums, together with. APRIL, 1904.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 117 a good Cattleya Schroeder, and examples of Dendrobium x Bryan and D.* KR“ Sibyk The more noteworthy Odontoglossums were O. X ardentissimum Cooksone, a very handsome white flower, heavily blotched with bright purple, which gained a First-class Certificate, O. crispum Sibyl, a fine white form, tinged with purple behind, and having a cluster of red” purple spots on each segment (Award of Merit), O. c. Luciani in fine condition, the remarkable O. c. Kinlesideanum, in which the purple markings are confined to the petals, the heavily spotted O. c. tessellatum, O.c. Marie, a beautiful example of O. xX Rolfez, O. X loochristiense ‘Cooksone, O. luteopurpureum Vuylstekei, O. Xx Wilckeanum, the handsome O. X merificum, O. X bellatulum, &c. W. A. Bilney, Esq., Fir Grange, Weybridge (gr. Mr. Whitlock), staged a splendid group of Dendrobiums, extending throughout the length of the Hall, which also gained a Gold Medal. It contained a fine series of D. nobile and D. X Ainsworthii varieties, together with D. Brymerianum, D. fimbriatum, D. thyrsiflorum, D. chrysotoxum, some fine D. Wardianum, D. —crassinode, D. Findlayanum, D. X Cybele nobilius, D. X Luna, D. X Pirene, D. aureum, D. nobile burfordiense, D. n. virginale, some fine specimens of D. n. nobilius, D. x Nancy (aureum X Curtisii), a pretty hybrid of intermediate character, Coelogyne cristata alba, &c. De Barri Crawshay, Esq., Rosefield, Sevenoaks (gr. Mr. Stables), exhibited the fine Odontoglossum triumphans Theodora, and O. x wal- tonense rosefieldiense (crispum X polyxanthum), the latter a light yellow form with a light brown blotch on each sepal, as well as on the lip, which received an Award of Merit. H. T. Pitt, Esq., Rosslyn, Stamford Hill (gr. Mr. Thurgood), exhibited a good Odontoglossum x Wilckeanum, and O.crispum Prebendary Bevan, the latter, a good white form heavily blotched with claret purple, receiving an Award ot Merit. H. J. Bischoffscheim, Esq., Warren House, Stanmore (gr. Mr. Ellis), sent Odontoglossum luteopurpureum, a spotted O. crispum, and what appeared to be a form of O. X Andersonianum. R. Briggs-Bury, Esq., Bank House, Accrington (gr. Mr. Wilkinson), sent Odontoglossum crispum Empress of India, and a good form of O. xX loochristiense. H. Druce, Esq., St. John’s Wood (gr. Mr. Walker), showed a good form of Cattleya Lueddemanniana, Miltonia flavescens, and _ Lycaste Skinneri. Sir Trevor Lawrence, Bart., Burford, Dorking (gr. Mr. White), staged a very pretty little group, consisting of the fine Masdevallia x Bocking Hybrid, M. x igneo-Estrade in both buff and purple forms, M. caudata xanthocorys, M. leontoglossa, Dendrobium Xx Myra (Linawianum xX 118 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [APRIL, 1904- signatum), a pretty yellow flower with a claret-coloured disc, and D. xX Clio giganteum, a very large and handsome form, one of the pseudobulbs. being four feet long. C. J. Lucas, Esq., Warnham Court, Horsham (gr. Mr. Duncan), sent three distinct forms of Dendrobium xX Ellisii, a hybrid between D. nobile and D. Hildebrandii, and a Cypripedium said to to have been obtained from. C. xX Ledouxie xX Leeanum superbum, and most resembling the latter. The Hon. Walter Rothschild, M.P., Tring Park (gr. Mr. Hill), sent the inflorescence of a pretty hybrid between Lelia rupestris and Cattleya Triane. Rk. G. Thwaites, Esq., Streatham (gr. Mr. Black), sent a good example of Dendrobium xX Thwaitesie, D. x Wiganiz xanthochilum, D. xX Pitcherianum, D. X Venus, D. x Blackianum, and D. nobile Thwaites’ var., a very fine form. H. Whateley, Esq., Kenilworth, sent good forms of Odontoglossum triumphans, and O. X loochristiense. Sir Frederick Wigan, Bart., Clare Lawn, East Sheen (gr. Mr. Young), sent a beautiful inflorescence of the chaste Phalznopsis Schilleriana vestalis, Odontoglossum crispum marmoratum, and O. x Denisonz, a white form having narrow segments, and one or two blotches on the sepals, thus much resembling the original form. Messrs. Sander & Sons, St. Albans, staged a very fine group, which gained a Silver-gilt Flora Medal. The more noteworthy plants observed were Leelio-cattleya X luminosa The Mikado, a noble form, having rich reddish buff sepals and petals, and a glowing claret-purple lip (First-class. Certificate), L.-c. & Mme. M. Fournier var. W. H. Young (C. labiata X L. Digbyana), a large and beautiful variety (Award of Merit), L.-c. X Fanyauana, some good Odontoglossum X Adriane, the handsome O. X merificum, O. X elegans, O. X crispo-Harryanum, O. X Wilckeanum Emperor, a fine clump of Oncidium concolor, O. Cavendishianum, a well- flowered Dendrobium Devonianum, D. nobile, Trichopilia suavis, Phaius Norman, Miltonia X Bleuana nobilor, Cattleya X calummata, Epidendrum atropurpureum album, E. densiflorum, Lelia cinnabarina, Masdevallia Mooreana, the charming Cypripedium xX Maudie, C. x Hitchinsie, &c., also a plant called Bulbophyllum miniatum, having remarkable white appendages to the lip, and recalling the Indian B. tremulum. It is said to be a native of the Congo. Messrs. Charlesworth and Co., Heaton, Bradford, staged a pretty little group, which gained a Silver Banksian Medal. It contained the handsome: Lzlio-cattleya X Wellsiana, three forms of L.-c. xX Myra, a fine hybrid derived from Cattleya Schroedere and Brassavola Digbyana, Cattleya X _ Empress Frederick, C. X Enid, Lelia x Briseis, Odontoglossum crispum 7nd la elaaeieen enieeaiela APRIL, 1904.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 11g Victoria- Regina, the orange O. luteopurpureum Vuylstekei, O. x Harryano- triumphans, &c. Messrs. James Veitch and Sons, Chelsea, also gained a Silver Banksian Medal for a good group, containing the handsome Lelio-cattleya x warnhamensis, L.-c. X highburiensis, L.-c. x Myra, L.-c. x Antimachus, Lelia xX Latona, L. x Mrs. M. Gratrix, L. x Digbyano-purpurata, Epidendrum X Clarissa, E. elegantulum, Dendrobium x /Eneas, D. x Socius, and others. Messrs. Hugh Low and Co., Bush Hill Park, also received a Silver Banksian Medal for an attractive group, containing some good Dendrobium Wardianum and D. crassinode, D. Brymerianum, D. x Sibyl, D. nobile Ballianum and murrhiniacum, Miltonia Roezlii and _ its variety alba, Cattleya Schreederee and Triane, Cymbidium eburneum, C. x eburneo- Lowianum, Cypripidium xX exul, &c. Messrs. A. A. McBean, Cooksbridge, gained an Award of Merit for Odontoglossum Pescatorei Kathleen, a very fine form having a few dark purple blotches on the segments. Messrs. T. S. Ware and Son, Feltham, received a Botanical Certificate for the remarkable Cypripedium japonicum, a species very rarely seen in cultivation. M. Ch. Vuylsteke, Loochristi, Ghent, sent a good Odontoglossum Harryano-crispum, and a handsomely marked form of O. X merificum. ORCHIDS IN SEASON. A MAGNIFICENT inflorescence of Cymbidium X_ eburneo-Lowianum, bearing eleven flowers, is sent from the collection of G. M. Whitin, Esq., Whitinsville, Mass., U.S.A., by Mr. G. McWilliam, who states that it isa seedling raised by him, and that it has but one flowering bulb, which carries two spikes, the second having ten buds. All the flowers are finely developed, the basal one having an expanse of 5 inches, and the scape measures 38 inches iong. It is evidently a fine thing for cutting, as the flowers arrived in good condition, perhaps the segments of a deeper yellow than when sent off, but perfectly fresh. The front of the lip is of a brilliant crimson-maroon shade, with a narrow yellow margin, while behind it shades off to light yellow. It is a very fine form of this handsome hybrid. A pretty form of Lycaste Skinneri having an apricot-tinted lip is sent from the collection of J. Bradshaw, Esq., The Grange, Southgate. It ems different from L. S. armeniaca, but is not yet properly developed. Several beautiful Dendrobiums are sent from the collection of W. A. Bilney, Esq., Fir Grange, Weybridge, by Mr. Whitlock. Among orms of D. nobile may be mentioned the varieties virginale, Ballianum, murrhini- 120 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [APRIL, 1904. acum, nobilius, giganteum, and Cooksonianum. D. xX Ainsworthil is also represented by several beautiful varieties, varying from white to rosy purple, with the usual dark disc. Other good things are D. Wardianum, a very fine D. ochreatum, the richly-coloured D. x Socius, D. X Cybele, D. xX melanodiscus, D. X Juno, and D. xX Pirene, the whole forming a very charming little group. Lastly may be mentioned a new hybrid :— DENDROBIUM X Nancy, derived from D. aureum xX Curtisii, and having nearly white segments, witha large somewhat feathered purple disc to the lip. It has rather complex parentage, for D. Xx Curtisii itself was derived from D. aureum X Cassiope, and D. xX Cassiope from D. moniliforme xX nobile. Several interesting Orchids are sent from the collection of J. E. Vanner, Esq., Camden Wood, Chislehurst, by Mr. Robbins. Odontoglossum xX mulus Bockett’s var. is a very fine form of the hybrid between O. luteopur- ‘pureum and O. gloriosum. A form of O. X Denisone, of the Wilckeanum type, is remarkable for having the inner halves of the lateral sepals enlarge and fimbriated, like the margin of the lip, and Mr. Robbins states that every flower on the spike comes the same year by year. A pretty spotted O. crispum has the markings regularly distributed over the segments, and there is a strong suspicion that it may not be a pure crispum. Six seedlings, from the same capsule, of what we take to be Paphio- pedilum x Menelik (Calypso x Boxallii) are also sent, and all of them show a great preponderance of the Boxalli character. The history has already been given (vol. x., p. 124; xi., p. 92). Lastly may be mentioned :— PAPHIOPEDILUM X Rosspinsit (P. X Godseffianum (Jupiter) 2 X Calypso 3), sent, together with a flower of each of its parents. It is a pretty novelty, most like the former, but the segments rather shorter, the apex of the petals broader, and more shining brown, while the base of the latter and of the dorsal sepal is closely spotted with brown, these characters being derived from the pollen parent. It shows its origin very clearly. A flower of the handsome Odontoglossum X ardentissimum Cooksonze from the collection of N. C. Cookson, Esq., Oakwood, Wylam-on-Tyne, to which a First-class Certificate was given by the R.H.S. on March 22nd. is sent by Mr. Chapman. It is remarkable for the very copious rich purple blotching. A very richly coloured form of Paphiopedilum xX Chapmanii is sen from the collection of O. O. Wrigley, Esq., Bridge Hall, Bury. Mr. Rogers remarks that it was obtained from a cross between P. Curtisii and P. bella- tulum album, and he is at a loss to understand why there is no evidence of the albino parentage. Judging from what is now known of such cases, we think that the crossing of albinos and coloured forms together should be avoided. APRIL, 1904.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. i | CALENDAR OF OPERATIONS FOR APRIL. By JOHN Mackay, The Gardens, Highbury, Birmingham. ALLOW a rise of two or three degrees from the figures given last month in all departments. The weather is sometimes very changeable and trying this month, which necessitates watchfulness and consideration in the matter of ventilation, so that the plants may not receive a sudden check, caused by too much cold air blowing directly upon them; or, on the other hand, by insufficient air, shading or moisture. Shading from bright sunshine must now be generally adopted for all Orchids, except those in the Mexican house. Damping down should be done twice or more daily, in all departments. It will be well here to repeat the advice concerning the great benefit of shading Orchids during early spring. It is well to remember that the plants, when emerging from the dull weather of winter, are rendered somewhat soft or sappy, and unable, therefore, to withstand sudden or long spells of hot, bright sunshine direct upon them. Many Orchids are thus damaged, and the greater part of the beautiful growing weather of the summer is taken up in restoring to them that which they lost in the course of a few hours neglect by omitting to shade. Therefore, attend well to the shading and damping down in early spring, and gradually inure your plants to the bright weather. The beautiful sunshine we have had lately has had a most stimulating effect upon all Orchids. The foliage, which had become perhaps limp and flaccid, is fast regaining its stiffness. New roots are pushing forth together with new growths, and this is a most welcome sign. So fast will be the growth at this season, that it will be sharp work where large quantities of Orchids are grown to keep pace with the times, so far as repotting is concerned. Nearly everything will seem to claim attention at once, making the present a very busy and anxious time, as Orchids cannot be repotted and cleaned so quickly as most other plants. The work, however must be done properly. Whatever plants are repotted, let them be done carefully and well, while those which can reasonably be expected to go through the season successfully without it should be left undisturbed, receiving only a little new material placed lightly on the surface. The inmates of the East Indian house are now among those requiring attention in the way of top-dressing or repotting. Owing to the increased warmth from the sun and moisture in the atmosphere they are starting to make new roots in profusion. We will commence first with the Aérides. Most of the species are already showing signs of renewed activity, by producing new leaves and fresh roots; which reminds us that potting must be attended to. They are not the easiest orchids to handle for repotting, even under favourable conditions, the roots are very brittle, and it isa 122 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [APRIL, 1904. difficult matter to avoid breaking them, when endeavouring to get them inside the pot. The difficulty is greatly minimised by commencing to. repot them, before they advance the new roots far. It is not always. necessary to repot annually, but it is necessary to have the potting compost as sweet as possible. The long season of rest which this class of plant requires, when water is practically withheld for months, causes the surface moss sometimes to decay. This is easily replaced, and it is therefore undesirable to pot any plant unless the material is unsuitable or the plant has. outgrown its receptacle. In repotting it will be found that many roots have become attached to the sides of the pots. These may be detached by the aid of a knife in many cases, and sometimes the pot may have to be broken carefully, and the roots with the broken pot attached, placed inside the new receptacle. Such tall growing ones as A. Lawrenceanum, A. expansum,. A. Houlletianum, A. Sanderianum and A. odoratum, do best in pots. The smaller growing ones of the A. multiflorum section, such as A. affine, A. Lobbii, A. maculosum, and others do well suspended from the roof in pans, which should be sufficiently large to hold the plant comfortably. Provide plenty of drainage, and fill in the remaining space to within one inch of the rim with broken crocks and sphagnum, over which place a layer of fresh picked heads of sphagnum moss. Water, as soon as repotting is done, thoroughly soaking the compost through. Shade from the hot sun, but withdraw the shading early enough to produce a good rise in temperature. VANDAS.—Some of these beautiful species will now needattention. The first one we notice is V. Sanderiana, which is probably the most beautiful of the whole genus. The plants may now be re-mossed and encouraged in making new growth, by suspending the baskets in a shady part of the house. An occasional moistening of the moss and baskets will be sufficient until rooting and growing vigorously, when frequent supplies will be necessary. Wanda suavis and V. tricolor are best grown in pots, and thrive well in a shady part of the Cattleya house or some similar structure. Having been kept on the dry side during the winter, the moss will need renewing, if repotting is necessary. The leafy portion may require to be brought nearer the pot, and this can be done by cutting away a portion of the stem at the base. Fill in with clean crocks, and surface over with fresh sphagnum moss. When finished give a good watering, but for some time afterwards spraying the plants overhead and between the pots will be sufficient for their needs, gradually increasing the amount at the roots as the season advances. CatTLeYA House.—Plenty of work in this house will be required during the next few months, as the various species reach the condition necessary for repotting, &c. Cattleyas require to be repotted only when the new growth projects over the side of their receptacles or when the compost cms 4h Sec Sere Se eae en See) ae a set APRIL, I904.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 123 is in a bad condition. The best time to pot is when new growth or root action takes place, and this will soon be apparent in such species as C. Trianz, C. labiata, C. Gaskelliana and C. Percivaliana, whilst such species as C. Mossiz, C. Warneri, C. Dowiana, C. Warscewiczii, C. Mendelii, and others may preferably be left until roots are emitted from the base of the newly developed pseudobulbs. When potting is decided on, select pots or pans large enough to accommodate two or three years growth ; the old pots should be broken, and all pieces not attached to living roots taken away, also the old compost as much as possible, afterwards cutting off any rootless bulbs which are deemed unnecessary. The plant should then be fixed at the required level, using plenty of crocks for drainage, and working the same in between the roots, to within a few inches of the rim, filling in the remaining space with a compost of three parts fibrous peat to one of fresh sphagnum moss. Pot firmly and press the compost well up to the rhizome, carefully avoiding covering any part of the latter ; then trim off the loose fibres, which will give the plant a neat appearance. The plants should not be watered for a time ; an occasional moistening of the surface and frequently syringing the pots will suffice, until they recover from the disturbance. Plants not requiring repotting may be top-dressed, taking away as much surface material as is necessary and replacing it with new. This will be beneficial to the plants, besides giving them a fresh and neat appearance. Water the material slightly with a fine rose, and treat the Same as advised for those freshly potted. Lelia superbiens has just passed out of flower, and is commencing to grow again ; it may therefore be repotted if necessary, and this should be done in the same manner as advised for Cattleyas. Maxillaria grandiflora is a lovely old Orchid which is always admired. It is a good strong grower and a cool shady position suits it best, care being taken to avoid overwatering. Growth is now commencing and root action may soon be expected, so that any necessary attention may be given at once. If Anguloas require repotting, let them be done before the new growths and flower buds, which appear together, get too far advanced. A compost of two parts each of fibrous loam and peat to one of moss, with an addition of some broken crocks and coarse sand, well mixed together, will be found suitable. They are Cool-house Orchids, but when newly potted it is best to encourage new growth by placing them in the Intermediate house, where they should remain until flowering, afterwards removing to the Cool house again. Now is the best time to purchase newly-imported Orchids, as they have the summer before them, and generally get well established before the autumn arrives. Orchids imported in the autumn usually take a long time to recover, and frequently die; and even at this season some little care is 124 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [APRIL, 1904. needed to first give them a start into growth. Gradually accustom them to heat light and moisture, for if this be done too rapidly the foliage may drop off, and the pseudo-bulbs decay. As soon as newly-imported plants are received, remove all decaying matter, and place them on the stage in an upright position in a somewhat cool, shady, and moist house. Gradually inure them to water, by slightly moistening the roots to commence with, and as plumpness and colour are seen to be returning, it is safe to increase the supply. New growth and new roots will soon appear, and the plants may then be potted and treated as established plants. When repotting, take the advantage of forming well-shaped plants; this can be done by separating any big mass and re-forming it again more compactly. Ex- perience shows that it is much better to separate large clumps piece by piece, cutting away the old roots, and afterwards re-form the mass, so that the base of the pseudo-bulbs rests upon the compost, into which the roots quickly enter, and a vigorous, healthy specimen is the result. ee NE emer CHYSIS. AND. THEIR. CULTURE. So great is the influence of fashion, even among Orchid enthusiasts, that many species of Orchids have been somewhat neglected of late years, the more popular hybrids taking their place to a great extent, but for the benefit of young beginners in Orchid culture a few remarks on the genus Chysis may be of interest, and at the same time prove instructive. The original species, Chysis aurea, was discovered about seventy years ago in the valley of Cumancoa, in Venezuela, where plants are frequently seen suspended from the larger branches of trees by their long fibrous roots. The pseudobulbs are fleshy, pendulous, and exceedingly brittle, and the flower spikes are produced from the axils of the young growth. Blooming late in spring and early summer, they make a fine addition to an exhibition of miscellaneous Orchids, and by judicious management the flowers may be kept in beauty for a long time. C. aurea is a beautiful species; the flowers, about six on a spike, are from two to three inches in diameter, the sepals and petals yellow, sometimes marked with orange, and the lips also pale yellow, but with several white raised keels on the disc. -It is rather capricious in its time of flowering, but blooms generally in April or May. A Mexican species, also of great beauty, is C. bractescens, which was introduced into this country in 1840. The plant has the same general appearance as C. aurea, but is more robust. The wax-like flowers are three inches across, the sepals and petals ivory white, and the lips golden yellow stained with red. C. bractescens may easily be distinguished from C. aurea by its leafy bracts, which are not seen in C. aurea. Its flowering season is from March to May, and it lasts several weeks in beauty. APRIL, 1904. | THE ORCHID REVIEW. 125, C. levis, prebably on account of its rarity, is seldom met with in collec- tions. It was introduced from Mexico about the same time as the preceding species. The flowers, about the same size as the other species enumerated, are fleshy, the sepals and petals yellow stained at the tips with orange, and the lips pale orange streaked with red. Its flowering season is later than the others, generally about June. An interval of seventeen years elapsed between the introduction of the last-named species and C. Limminghei, which was sent to M. Linden in 1857, from the province of Tabasco in Mexico. Strong healthy plants of C. Limminghei frequently produce three flower spikes from a single growth, bearing several flowers on each, but they are somewhat smaller than those of C. aurea. The sepals and petals are waxy white, blotched or stained with bright purple, the side lobes of the lips yellow streaked with crimson, and the middle lobe, which is the longest, bright purple streaked with white. The rich and clear markings of the lips appear to great advantage when contrasted with the delicate colour of the sepals and petals. The plant flowers during April and May, and lasts about three weeks. The following are interesting and handsome hybrids raised by Mr. J. Seden at the establishment of Messrs. Veitch, of Chelsea, and all are desirable additions to the species already enumerated. C. X Chelsoni is a hybrid from C. Limminghei x C. levis, C. x Sedenii from C. Limminghe Xx C. bractescens, and C. X langleyense from C. bractescens X C. Sedenii. All the varieties have roots that penetrate rather deeply into the compost, therefore the plants should be grown in pots, to which wire suspenders may be attached, in order that they may be suspended close up to the roof glass. The pots should be drained to about a quarter of their depth with the fern rhizome that is taken out of the peat, but previous to use it is advisable to have it thoroughly dried, otherwise fungoid growths may appear, and interfere with the welfare of the roots of the plant. The best material to grow them in is a mixture of peat, leaf soil, and sphagnum. moss in equal proportions. Fill up around the roots with the compost to within half an inch of the rim of the pot, and finish off with a surface of living sphagnum moss. On commencing to push up their new growths, provided they are strong enough to flower, the plants should be but sparingly watered, but when the flower spikes are visible, and are seen getting ahead of the growth, water may be more freely given. Plants that show no flower spikes should be treated as. the others are when in full growth. The proper time to repot Chysis is immediately after the plants have done flowering, or when new roots are seen pushing out from the base of the young growths. Grow the plants in -a warm Intermediate or Cattleya house temperature. Towards the com-- pletion of growth the plants should be removed to a light position in the: 126 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [APRIL, 190}. plant stove, or East Indian house, as the extra warmth will assist them to swell up the pseudobulbs. The young growths and flower buds of Chysis are liable to the ravages of thrips, but these insects may be easily kept down -by the numerous chemical preparations now in use. W. H. W. NOTES. Two meetings of the Royal Horticultural Society will be held at the Drill Hall, Buckingham Gate, Westminster, during April, on the 5th and 19th, when the Orchid Committee will meet at the usual hour, 12 o’clock noon. The Manchester and North of England Orchid Society will hold three ‘meetings during the month, at the Coal Exchange, Manchester, on April ‘8th, 15th, and 29th. The Committee meets at noon, and the exhibits are -open to inspection from I to 3 p.m. The March issue of Messrs. Cogniaux & Goossens’ Dictionnaire Iconographique des Orchidées, just received, contains figures of the following Orchids :—Cattleya X massiliensis, Cypripedium X Madioti, C. x nitens var. Hyearum, C. X Romulus, Geodorum citrinum and var. Augusti, Lzlio-cattleya > Binoti, L.-c. x Clive, L.-c. X Truffautiana var. Fournieri, Maxillaria variabilis vars. lutea and crocea, Mormodes igneum, -Odontoglossum X Duvivierianum var. burfordiense, Stanhopea Wardii var. Froebeliana, and Zygopetalum maxillare var. Gautieri. A figure of a noble specimen of Cypripedium insigne Sandere, bearing -sixteen flowers, from the collection of C. G. Roebling, Esq., Trenton, New Jersey (gr. Mr. H. T. Clinkaberry), appears in American Gardening for March 12th last (p. 171). It was obtained as a small scrap in the winter of 1895, and has been grown on to its present condition—an example of excellent -culture. Hybrid Dendrobiums in the garden of Mrs. Haywood, Woodhatch Lodge, Reigate, is the subject of a figure in the Gardeners’ Chronicle for March 26th -(p. 197). It is a view along the centre of the house. Many of the pseudo- bulbs are remarkable for their length, and are wreathed in flowers. Mr. Salter must be congratulated on his success as a grower of these beautiful ' plants. A superb specimen of Ccelogyne cristata from the collection of W. Alston Dykes, Esq., Hamilton, N.B., bearing four hundred flowers, appears in the fournal of Horticulture for March 24th. It was exhibited by Mr. APRIL, 1904.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 127 MacMillan at a meeting of the Gardeners’ Association there, and was greatly admired for its perfect health and beauty. “Perching Plants” was the subject of a lecture by Prof. J. B. Farmer, F.L.S., at a meeting of the Richmond Atheneum, on February 29th. The lecture was illustrated by lantern slides of numerous species of Orchids and other plants, which “‘ perch”? and grow upon other plants or upon support other than that afforded by the bosom of the earth. Professor Farmer showed by description and illustration how the roots and other parts of the organisms of these plants are designed to meet the exigencies of their peculiar methods of existence, drawing nourishment and water from the air or from the comparatively unpromising field which their rootlets occupy. On the same date, at a meeting of the Kew Gardens Mutual Improve- ment Association, a lecture was given by Mr. R. A. Rolfe, entitled *“* Structure and Fertilisation of Orchids,’ when the structure of many of the principal types, and the method of fertilisation, were explained and illustrated by a series of drawings. A paper entitled ‘‘ Hybrids in Spiranthes and Habenaria,”” by Oakes Ames, appeared in a recent issue of Rhodora, of which we have received a copy. A new form is described and figured under the name of Spiranthes X intermedia (t. 47), which is regarded as a natural hybrid between S. gracilis and S. przcox, in close proximity to which it was found growing, in dry upland fields at Easton, Bristol County, Mass. It appears to be quite intermediate in character. The Habenaria is supposed to be a natural hybrid between H. psycodes and H. lacera. ‘ In a later issue Mr. Ames describes and figures a second Spiranthes under the name of S. neglecta (t. 51). It is regarded as a new species allied to S. praecox. A flower of a hybrid Paphiopedilum, derived from P. X Harrisianum superbum @ and P. x Lathamianum ¢, is sent from the collection of Reginald Young, Esq., Sefton Park, Liverpool. It is thus a form of P. X Pryorianum, and it is interesting to compare it with a figure in Cogniaux’s Dictionnaire. The two differ greatly in detail, the present one being much larger and darker, having in point of fact largely retained the characters of the seed parent, while the Spicerianum influence seems to have been lost. It illustrates once more the great variability of secondary hybrids, and Mr. Young remarks :—* I can vouch for the accuracy of the parentage.” THE Orcuip Stup Boox.—We request intending subscribers to this work to fill up and return the subscription form issued with our last number as early as possible. 128 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [APRIL, 1904- ORCHID PORTRAITS. ANCISTROCHILUS THOMSONIANUS, Rolfe, VAR. GENTILII.—Rev. Hort. Belge, 1904, p. 49, fig. 10, and_ plate. 3 ARACHNANTHE CATHCARTI.—Journ. Hort., 1904, i., p. 229, with fig. C@LOGYNE CRISTATA.—/Journ. Hort., 1904, 1. p. 247, with fig. CYMBIDIUM GIGANTEUM WILSONI.—-Garden, 1904, i, p. 189, with fig. CYMBIDIUM GRANDIFLORUM.—Gard. Mag., 1904, pp. 216, 220, with a g. CYMBIDIUM WILSONI.—Gard. Chron., 1904, 1, -p. 157, fig. 66. CYPRIPEDIUM X AUREUM VIRGINALE.—Journ. Hort., 1904, 1, p. 179; with fig. CYPRIPEDIUM X BECKMANI.—Journ. Hort., 1904, i, pp. 272, 273, with fig. CYPRIPEDIUM CALCEOLUS.—Gard. World, 1904, p. 255, with fig. Gard., 1904, p. 171, with CYPRIPEDIUM INSIG fig. DENDROBIUM THYRSIFLORUM.—Garden, 1904, i, p. 227, with fig. L#LIO-CATTLEYA XX CHARLESWORTHII.—Gard. Mag. 1904, pp. 169, 170, with fig. MEGACLINIUM PLATYRHACHIS, Rolfe.—Bot. Mag., t. 7946. MILTONIA VEXILLARIA.—A mer. Gard. 1904, p. 132, with fig. ODONTOGLOSSUM CRISPUM VAR. De Barri.—Gard. Chron., 1904, 1, p- 196, fig. 80. CORRESPONDENCE. ade edhe nol answer a here may find phe to aged fuer les on other s> and zit some cases, jor various reasons, they may have to co ve over for uture zssue. In the case of hybrid pene Eo Ser. “a for ete "tha pase entage and his. out oe mays be br iefly ened Jor without these details ze are not always able to deal “with eng. elsiter tly. ) G.G.T The insect found oe ee and flower buds of Dendrobium is not a & Hocnecc beetle,’ but what is kno s Otiorhynchus sulcatus, which is destructive to many oe plants. It is aon Fe a oe troublesome in Orchi d Houses, but should be looked afte J.S. The true Phaius tuberculosus, not the one so long wrongly known in gardens under that name. The latter has a climbing habit, and is now knownas P. simulan WwW. H.R... The seedling ee toe of unknown Le i we si e, is a for m of 1). x Rubens, a secondary between D. x Ainswortbii bile. It is ee cata. The Daiepettacs, tea. to be a hybrid of P. enti, but ihe site parent is uncertain. Photographs received with thanks. J.W.P. (notes unavoidably deferred). C.P.R. J.W. The flower sent appears to be a very small, light-coloured form of Cattleya Triane. It is of ta shape, and wants growing on. The circumstance named probably te esses its small size. MURRAY'S PATENT ORCHID ia Orchids to perfection and for profit ‘Try a few on Stands.” If you want to grow Pronounced by most of the leading Orchid Growers to be perfection. MILLIONS SOLD. Hie by William Murray, pees Orchid Grower to N. C. Cookson, Vv with the British American Well Works, (Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C. 145, Price List containing full information from The United Wire Works, Ltd., NEWCASTLE-ON-TYNE ORCHIDS. ORCHIDS. —a Le @ — NSPECTION of our fine and varied Stock of Orchids, and new range of ORCHID HOUSES, is respectfully invited. Rare and Choice Cyprinediums, Dendrobiums, &c. a speciality. DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUES POST FREE. A.J, KEELING & SONS. , Orchid Growers & Fmporters, THE GRANGE NURSERIES, Westgate Hill, Bradford, Yorks. H. A. BURBERRY’S system of personally Giving Ad- vice and Demonstrating Methods of Orchid Cultivation insures suc- cess and satisfaction. One gentleman says: ‘I consider your visit has been worth £100 to me All desirous of seh the benefit of his long experience in matters affecting the welfare “of their Orchids, should communicate with him, and he will b lad to wait on them when in the vicinity, at a very small fee H. A. B. attends Orchid Sales, and will be pleased to e com- missions to buy for those who cannot attend. Ethel House, King’s Heath, BIRMINGHAM, SANDER’S ADDRESS: ORCHID GUIDE ONTAINING ALL THE BEST KNOWN SPECIES AND VARIETIES OF ORCHIDS IN CULTIVATION. oe native countries, descr — of the plants and flowers, season of flowering, best method of cultiva- tion, temperatures, Watering, potting, ventilation, &e Concise, anit instructive & useful, scl with NAMES and ie Vee AGES of = the KNOWN YBR iD ORC -HII Arranged in abate, Bea wimeckten form so that all Hy ybrids deriv er “si ach species or hybrid may be ascertained at an 330 { pages, strongly bound. & Expert. a assests aici . to A —— THE ADDENDA. — meee ee =“ work up-to- date. Can be had ary in the Guide, or ee in Half-roan. Pric SANDER ©& “SONS, ST. ALBANS. WIC iiibs. Those especially who contemplate forming a Collection would profit by consulting STANLEY, ASHTON & Co., SOUTHGATE, LONDON. N., whose advice and plants would be found equally good. ORCHIDS. IMPORTED. CATTLEYA IITARRISONIA . ads, ate each Me 5 ee or more “esa ONCIDIUM CRISPUM .... ... 4 ee - ulbs, aie es 29 ” 3/- > »» VARICOSUM ROGERSIT 3 ba : oa! he = %” 4 to 6 99> MILTONIA Cc ANDIDA sip 2 ‘nd : leads, 2 8 rr an +s HOOL EY BROS. orters and Grow Jmp BITTERNE PARK, SOU THA MPTON. ODoNTOGLOSsUM CRISPUM. | EAST INDIAN ORCHIDS. Ghoice of Fine Varieties. DELIVERED TO ANY ADDRESS. Selected O. crispum, with large and round Deanne Senor flowers for Exhibition purposes. WHOLESALE OR RE TAIL. FL. CLAES, IMPORTER ana. Price List on application to ue aaa Champs, EE © cae of Avenue. d'Auderghem), Ss. = CH ATTERJ ? ETTERBEEK. BRUSSELS. | Victoria Nursery, CALCUTTA. ORCHID PEAT. EETLECUTE FINEST QUALITY IN ENGLAND. is unrivalled for the Extermination of Selected Sample; Solid Fibre; Three | BEETLES, COCKROACHES, ANTS, Bushel Bag 10/-. WOODLICE, Etc., however numerous. PEAT DUST for Azaleas, &c., 3s. per bag. BEETLECUTS is a food these insects eat eagerly, and in a few hours 2. become —— up, If used for some nights atari ut i or jonlgn ssion the ey 1 be entirely annihilated. Non- SAMPLE ent TESTIMONIAL ON poisono ‘gai Harmiess am human beings and animals. APPLICATION. Tins, ok Is, soo 2s. 6d. Filled Bellows 9d. Retail Everywhere A. MAPLES, Ranmoor, SHEFFIELD. VALLS & C0., 16 Sica ae London, £.¢ RS a ee a eee eee WOLICE TO AEA OF THE ORCHID REVIEW A Norice of the Orchid Stud-Book appeared in our December issue. This work has been compiled, upon a uniform plan, up to the end of 1903, giving the name, parentage, raiser or exhibitor, and date of appearance, with references to descriptions and figures, and other matters, and will be published as soon as possible. It is intended to continue the records monthly in the Orcuip ReEvirw, as far as possible on the same system, thus giving a ready means of reference to existing hybrids, and, we hope, a means of checking the growing confusion into which the subject has fallen. Full details appear in the present issue. Orchids! Orchids! FOF EOFF0950904665500500004600060566) JOHN COWAN & CO. HAVE AN IMMENSE STOCK OF ORCHIDS CONSISTING OF Tens of Thousands of HEALTHY, VIGOROUS, WELL-GROWN PLANTS, in great Variety ; and additions are constantly being made by the Purchasing of Private Collections and otherwise. They earnestly invite the inspection of intending ; purchasers. The Company are constantly receiving Importations of Orchids from various parts of the world, all of which piss Offer for Sale by Private Treaty as they come to hand, at very reasonable Prices Descriptive and Priced Cataiogues of their Stock of Established Orchids, as well as of each intportation as tt comes to hand, will be sent Post Free on application to the Company. Gateacre Nurseries, Gateacre, near Liverpool. EO ————— ORCHIDS A SPECIALITY. Messrs. Charlesworth & Co. Heaton, BRADFORD, Have a large and fine stock of established and imported Orcuibs. INSPECTION INVITED. By Special Appointment to BS His Majesty + the King. ORCHIDS ! ORCHIDS! QUANTITY IMMENSE. inspection of our New Range of Houses 1S CORDIALLY INVITED BY HUGH LOW & 60. BUSH HILL PARK, NE TE PS 8G Poo ORCHIDS. Clean, healthy, well-grown plants at reasonable prices ; many large specimens and rare varieties. CHOICE DENDROBES A SPECIALITY. Please write for List. JAMES CYPHER, EXOTIC NURSERIES, CHELTENHAM. J; WEEKS: & GO; Léa. borticultural Builders To His Majesty, H.R.H. the Prince of Wales, H.M. Government, Admiralty Dept., War Dept., Royal Hort. Soc., Royal Botanic Soc, arks and Public Buildings. TELEGRAPH, “HORTULANUS,” Lonpbon, Patentees of the Duplex Upright Tubular Boilers, KING’S ROAD, CHELSEA, S.W. MANCHESTER & NORTH OF ENGLAND Orchid Society. ArapguarTEeRS: THE COAL EXCHANGE, MARKET PLACE, MANCHESTER. The next MEETINGS of the veep urpose of cepa: upon t he Orchids April 15th and 29th, submitted will be held on Open to Members 1904, at 12.0 o'clock eho; m I to 3 0clockf P. WEATHERS, Hon Botanical sacaleny Manchester. ORCHID HOUSES A SPECIALITY. ‘ FOR Conservatories, it jini cr | ; GPL, SSS Orchid Houses, Ferneries, Cucumber and Melon Houses, Vineries, ete. All Classes of Hot Water Boilers and Heating Apparatus. Printed by R. W. Simpson & Co., Ltd. Richmond Pr2ss, Sheen Road, Richmond, Surrey. tated he ee ey Ne ey Nee Subscriptions for 1904 are now daue. Vor. XII. ] MAY, hh [No. 137. En ZFllustrated Monthly Journal of Orchidology. Contents. PAGE PAGE Amateur’s fears _ sis + 154 1 Novelties... vs ‘ae Si 135 Calanthe discolo a Ree ss i 135 ‘Calendar of aedécie for M BV rem 4; | Dendrobium bellatulu: m at poet ESE nloraea incisa Hee ‘ im +» 158 | Obituary ei Sus 144 Correspondence... ar oe ... 160 | Oncidium anthocrene aa ae Vee ESO Cymbidium vires a = 150 | Oncid = I51 Jendrobium | Ptipimorine (fig Ba) thes Medes ey eae by 3 ala |: Poe pee: as ‘ty 160 Dendrobium from West Derby ys ... 146 | Orchid Show at Calcutta ... Gis wee 142 sig ioe tbo spring flowerin a2 151 chids at Burford . eae Ht 132 obium Devonian any ff g. 25) 152 | pai coe be estonbirt ‘te oe ave 150 Beadcobiuen Hildebrandii (fig. 26). 153 .| Orchids ins ves : 157 Epidendrum Endresii (fig. 24)... --- 145 | Orchids pr a coated. by bulbils ... ne oe Hybridist den siecs A Ge Ste arate a ecristata .. = ee Leelio- ~cattleya x Rocksand aid ... 158 | Societies 142 ycaste X Groganii ie ne tee LBS. | Manchester & North of England ‘Orchid 142 Leaf-moul for Orchids ... os ae tae oyal Horticultural 138 159 Stray Notes . te wire ee PRICE SIXPENCE MONTHLY. Post FREE '7/- PER ANNUM, PAYABLE IN ADVANCE. SANDER & SONS, x. Largest Importers and Growers of Orchids in the World. . ROYAL WARRANT HOLDERS TO THE KING, William Bull & Sons WORLD-RENOWNED ORCHIDS. HYBRID, ESTABLISHED AND IMPORTED. Catalogue on application, KING’S ROAD, CHELSEA, LONDON. NOTICES. The ORCHID REVIEW is published regularly at the ore of each month price 6d. net. Annual tipo at post free, 7/-, payable i in advance Th Editor invites communications on_ interesting 4 (which should be written on one side of the paper only), also portraits, &c., of rarities. All Subscriptions, Advertisements, Communications and Books for review, should be addressed :—The Eptror or THE ORCHID Review, Lawn Crescent, w. Cheques and Postal Orders should be made payable to FRANK LESLIE & Co., and, to ensure safety in transit, should be crossed “‘ & Co. Volumes I. to XI. can be epee unbound at6/-, or bound in cloth, 7/6, postage extra Cost of postage: a post, gd. per volume; parcel post within the United Kingdom only, 5d. per volu lso cases for binding sine volume at 1/6 each, post free throughout the postal union. SCALE OF CHARGES FOR ADVERTISEMENTS. zs. d 2 s. d, Five lines and under in column... O 2 6 Half column or quarter it . AO A Per line after . OO 6 One ee or half pag 2 2 6 One-eighth colu 2a ae V7hole pa = > oD Quarter pase or ators th page re) Oo Advertisements and late news ‘undia be received not later than the 24th of the nonth. Booksellers Wholesale Orders should be sent to BROTHERS, Keswick Housgz, PATERNOSTER Row, LONDON, E.C SENECIO TANGUTICUS. A new and distinct hardy per- ennial from Central China. The flowers are yellow, produced in dense terminal panicles on stems six to seven feet high, during the month of September. MARSHALL $3 Mexhaup'® casio Sig %, Wi —*t \ pea —>0<-—_ Award of Merit from the Royal Horticultural Society, September 15th, 1 Price 38. 6d. each; 868. fer dozen. DELIVERY IN APRIL, 1904. dames Veitch & Sons, LTD., CHELSEA, S.W. dite ORCHID, REVIEW. Vou: XI1I.] MAY, 1904. [No. 137. STRAY NOTSS. By CALYPso. THE other day I called on an amateur Orchidist and found him busy among his plants. ‘‘ Don’t expect too much,” he said, ‘it’s only a small collection, and I don’t go in for many of those swell things; fact is, they come rather expensive, and are a little beyond me.” We looked round, and I found a thriving little collection, most of the plants well grown, and a good many in flower or approaching that condition. I shall not attempt a catalogue, but may mention that some good Odontoglossums were in flower—Rossii, Cervantesii, triumphans, Pescatorei, cirrhosum, gloriosum, and of course the inevitable crispum. A little batch of the latter were imported plants, and it was hoped would contain some spotted forms, though up to the present nothing remarkable had appeared beyond two or three Andersonianums and ordinary crispum. Of course, various things besides Odontoglossum were in flower, and it was a good example of the pleasure that may be obtained from a small collection if properly looked after. We got into conversation about Orchids generally, and the reason why they were so popular. ‘‘ There’s something fascinating about these plants,” he said, “ they’re different from all other flowers, in shape and colour, and markings, and there’s something to look at all the year round. If there’s not much in flower at some particular time, one watches the growths and the young spikes beginning to push up. And they don’t take up much room. Some plants grow tremendously for a short time, and fill the house, and then they are cut down and leave a great blank till the season comes round again, but Orchids go steadily on, and are always interesting. The potting materials, too, are clean and sweet to handle—sphagnum moss and peat, and these new-fangled oak-leaves, which I have been trying. In fact, they’re just the plants for an amateur to grow, and not at all difficult if you treat them right.” Yes, Orchid growing is certainly a delightful hobby. 129 130 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [May, 1904. We left the house, and he pointed out a little purple flower among the grass. ‘¢ My first Orchid,” he said. ‘‘ Not exactly that one, of course, but it’s the first Orchid I remember, and the first I ever grew.” It was Orchis mascula, and it formed quite a picture in the grass—a rosette of bright green leaves covered with blackish purple blotches, and a spike of brilliant rose-purple flowers. His story is worth recording, and was some- thing like this:—‘‘ When I was a very small boy I found in a meadow near a brook a strange flower, which I had never seen before, so I took it home. My father said it was a British Orchid, called Orchis mascula, and that it was common in the meadows over the brook. But those meadows were forbidden ground. The brook itself was an obstacle, and formed the boundary between ours and a neighbouring parish, and there was a warning against trespassers. However, I reconnoitred the situation, and found that at one spot some poles extended from a hedge across the stream, to prevent cattle from straying further down ; and the coast seemed clear. Some time later a small boy might have been seen creeping back over that frail bridge with an armful of the purple flowers, which were borne home in triumph, and placed in a large jar in the dining room. But shortly afterwards they were ignominously expelled, for the odour was overpowering, and I have more than once since found them quite unsuitable for room decoration on this account.” I got rather interested in the story, and one thing that struck me as curious was that the Orchids should be so much more common on one side of the brook than the other. But it appeared that there was a very satis- factory explanation. It was simply a case of the land being drained on one side of the brook. These adjacent properties belonged to different owners, and one of them had drained his land very efficiently and adopted a system of high-class farming, while the other allowed things to take their natural course. The result was that the meadows on one side of the brook produced chiefly grass for grazing purposes, while on the other there was a great admixture of various weeds, with cowslips innumerable, and here and there were spots that were quite purple with the Orchis at flowering time. However, they were not all on the other side of the brook, and when the small boy had attained to somewhat larger growth, and had a garden of his own, it contained also an Orchid collection, for he dug up some of the roots and planted them, and one day he found a pure white variety, which he also transplanted, and which flowered year after year, until something more important than amateur horticulture claimed his attention for a time. The Orchid collection was not a very pretentious affair, the plants being simply planted with a protecting border of stones let into the ground May, 1904.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 131 ito mark the spot, but they appeared year after year, and were highly valued. I found that my friends’ early experiences were not absolutely confined to Orchis mascula, for his father grew a few Orchids, and it was interesting to know what they were. First, Cypripedium insigne, which was generally kept in a vinery, where it grew well and flowered every year. The others were kept at one end of a small stove, facing south. There wasa good plant of Phaius grandifolius which frequently flowered, Oncidium sphacelatum and O. flexuosum, which bloomed as regularly as the seasons came round, Dendrobium densiflorum and D. nobile, of which the same might be said. The two plants of the latter were always hung in the vinery during the Autumn to get a good rest. The names of about a dozen others were forgotten, but there was a Schomburgkia which grew well suspended from the roof, but nothing would induce it to flower. Here, then, was my friend’s first intro- duction to Orchid growing, and the time was about forty years ago. I suggested that he had considerably improved now, but he said no, not so far as those particular plants were concerned. Those Oncidiums flowered ina way that was impossible to beat, and yet they were not grown in a special Orchid house. The shading consisted of an annual coat of whitewash, which was washed off again in the autumn, and the potting materials consisted -of peat and hypnum moss (not sphagnum), which he had frequently collected himself in an old orchard. It was a very interesting visit, and I shall certainly accept my friend’s invitation to look in again. CALANTHE DISCOLOR, Two forms of this pretty little Japanese Orchid were exhibited at the R.H.S. meeting on April 1gth, by Messrs. Cutbush, of the Highgate Nurseries, and a Botanical Certificate was awarded. The species was said ‘to be hardy. It has bee: known for over sixty years, being originally described in 1838 (Lindl. Sert. Orch., sub. t. 9), at which time its habitat ‘was unknown. It had been sent to Lindley by M. Auguste Mechelinck, of Ghent. It was afterwards figured (Bot. Reg., 1840, t. 55), when Lindley remarked that it had now blossomed in several places in England, and probably came from Japan. The form figured had vinous purple sepals and petals and a nearly white lip, but there isa paler one which is less showy. It seems to be a fairly common plant in Japan, being found in numerous localities. The spikes attain a length of five or six inches, and in this ‘condition the numerous flowers are very attractive. It would probably succeed in a cool greenhouse, but we should hardly expect it to stand our ‘winters unprotected. 132 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [May, 1904. ORCHIDS AT BURFORD. Burrorp is the home of rare Orchids, and one of t he most representative collections we have, consequently a visit there is always interesting, what- ever the season. The other day we called there, and found a remarkably varied assemblage of plants in flower, and, as usual, noted a few of the more interesting, The Odontoglossums were in thriving condition, with spikes and flowers. in profusion. There were many plants of O. Rossii and Cervantesii, forming quite a picture, some of the latter bearing six flowers on a spike. A fine plant of O. X crispo-Harryanum carried a spike of seventeen flowers, O. x mulus carried a fine spike of buds, and we also noted the rare O. Dormanianum, O. X Denison, a fine form with white ground colour, O. Hunnewellianum, O. triumphans, O. Hallii, and some good forms of O. crispum. With these were the charming little Oncidium olivaceum carrying three racemes, several profusely flowered clumps of O. concolor, the brilliant Sopronitis grandiflora, and a fine plant of Dendrobium Victoria-Regina growing on a raft, its violet-blue flowers being very striking. In passing, we should note that the plants are grown in leaf-compost consisting of oak-leaves, fibrous peat and sphagnum, in about equal parts. We went into one of the potting sheds and examined some of the material prepared ready for use, and we should think it quite an ideal compost. Certainly the plants thrive in it, and Mr. White is thoroughly satisfied with the results, and its use is quite general at the present time. In another house we found Dendrobium Brymerianum and the rare: D. Harveyanum side by side, and the fringed petals of the latter rendered it even more remarkable than its showier ally. There was also a plant of D. Madonne, and the very rare D. purpureum candidulum, bearing axillary heads of white flowers tipped with green. There were also Cirrhopetalum fimbriatum and the striking C. Collettii, also the rare Bulbophyllum tremulum (figured at page 361 of our ninth volume), the latter bearing nine: racemes, and a good plant of the pretty little Leptotes bicolor. Another house contained many rarities in flower, a large plant of the white South African Polystachya Ottonis, Ionopsis paniculata, Masdevallia trinema, Dendrobium Jerdonianum, Bifrenaria Harrisonie, Pholidota chinensis profusely flowered, a good Cymbidium X Lowio-eburneum, Lelia cinnabarina, the brilliant Epidendrum Ellisii, E. varicosum, E. glumaceum, E. ramosum, E. variegatum, E. Allemanu, the charming little E. Endresii bearing three racemes, E, xX Endresio- Wallisil, some good Sophronitis grandiflora, Epiphronitis x Veitchu, and a very beautiful Sophro-cattleya x Marriottiana with two racemes. , ¢ ie 2 ae a ae ee OFF eles t a EO A oe a ae ee ee le oe ae ele le s enecese eT cre em ee) ee Se ae ke . : pa May, 1904.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 133 We noted here also the fine Paphiopedilum x nitens and P. x aureum ‘Confetti. - A Cattleya house contained a series of interesting things; Cattleya Lawrenceana with three racemes, several good C. Schreedere, C. Mendelii, ‘C. intermedia nivea, Lelio-cattleya x Ophir, the handsome L.-c. Normani superba, L.-c. X G. S. Ball, Brasso-cattleya Xx nivalis, B.-c. X Lindleyana, B.-c. x Orpheus, and Brassolelia x Gratrixie. Here we noted a thriving plant of Moorea irrorata, and Bulbophyllum Ericssoni, the two latter being very interesting rarities not in flower. Coelogyne pulchella, as its name indicates, is a beautiful little plant, and was flowering in an adjoining house. It is one of the C. elata group, but has small white flowers with a large dark brown blotch on the lip. With it ‘were some good plants of Maxillaria luteo-alba, M. preestans, M. Houtteana, and M. pumila, the latter bearing 18 flowers, Dendrobium speciosum, the pretty little D. x specio-Kingianum, D. infundibulum, the brilliant little D. subclausum bearing many scarlet flowers, Restrepia elegans with eight flowers, Lzelia harpophylla, a good Cochlioda sanguinea, and two plants of the handsome Epidendrum x dellense bearing six fine heads of flowers. The Phalznopsis house contained many interesting things, including some good examples of P. amabilis, P. Aphrodite, P. Sanderiana, P. Schilleriana, P. Lueddemanniana, and the rare P. Kunstleri, a dozen plants of the brilliant little Habenaria rhodochila in bud, Polystachya pubescens and P. cerea, Dendrobium Fitchianum, and various other things which we had not time to note. We were much interested in some good plants of a hybrid between Cattleya citrina and C. Lawrenceana, raised in the collection, which have not yet flowered. The Masdevallia house was gay with flowers, including many very interesting rarities. M. X Pourbaixii was a charming little specimen with fourteen flowers. M. X igneo-Estradz was represented by several nice little plants, varying considerably in colour. Other interesting kinds in flower were M. hieroglyphica, the brilliant M. X Rushtoni, M. Arminii, a good plant of M. caudata xanthocorys, M. X Asmodia with seven flowers, M. ignea aurantiaca, M. X Veitchiano-Estrade, some well-flowered M. triangularis, M. Ephippium, M. xanthina, M. x Bocking hybrid, M. x Hincksiana, and some brilliant forms of M. coccinea, M. ignea, and M. Veitchiana. The plants of the remarkable pendulous M. deorsa were in thriving condition. Some interesting species of Pleurothallis were in flower, including P. astrophora, a tiny gem bearing ten racemes, P. stenopetala, P. Grobyi ‘with eighteen racemes, P. grandiflora, and various others. It was rather curious to find Pescatoreas and Bolleas doing well in this cool house, but soit was, and the handsome P. bella was bearing three unopened buds. Several other plants were in flower which we did not note. 134 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [May, 1904.. A very interesting house was the one containing rumerous seedlings of various kinds in thriving condition, and we noted that the tiny pots stood on sheets of perforated zinc, which makes a firm foundation, at the same time providing both ventilation and efficient drainage. A few very interesting things were in flower, including the fine Dendrobium x Dalhou-nobile, D.. xX aureo-crassinode, and a very large form of D. X micans. Here also D.. lituiflorum and the beautiful D. nobile virginale were in flower. In a small cool house we found a fine batch of Disas in healthy con-. dition, and in succeeding houses were several Odontoglossum citrosmum,. Cattleya citrina, the brilliant Epidendrum x Boundii carrying four racemes, the curious Dendrobium herbaceum, Spathoglottis XxX aureo- Vieillardii in fine condition, and examples of Calanthe Regnieri. Lastly, in another warm house we found some good Phalenopsis Schilleriana, P. amabilis, P. Aphrodite, P. Sanderiana, P. Stuartiana, a good Ansellia africana, the rare Galeandra Devoniana, D. nivalis, Megaclinium falcatum, Cirrhopetalum picturatum, and several good Paphiopedilums, including the interesting P. xX Dauthieri Albino, P. Godseffianum, P. Rothschildianum, P. X warnhamense, and others. In another house we had previously seen the single plant of P. Fairrieanum, one of the few now known to exist in cultivation. It is only a very small plant, and has not flowered for a good many years. The preceding is not an exhaustive list of the different things in flower in the collection, not even of rarities, though it contains the more striking of these. And it must be added that the collection generally is in excellent condition, and reflects great credit on Mr. White and his assistants. Such a varied collection entails a great amount of care and attention, but the trouble is amply repaid, and we are glad to know that other amateurs are following the excellent example set by Sir Trevor Lawrence, and including some of the more striking curios in their collections. There is an abundance of materials to select from. ORCHID PROPAGATING BY BULBILS.—Orchids which propagate by. bulbils are not common, but the North American Microstylis ophioglossoides seems to come under this heading. A note by Harriet A. Nye (Rhodora, vi., p- 79) states that when preparing a specimen for the Herbarium she observed that several bulblets had formed underneath the loose outer coat of the bulb, very much as seen in Vallota bulbs. They were pearly white. _and closely resembled small kernels of rice. One of them had already sent up a tiny leaf on a stem half-an-inch long. We do not know if the plant usually propagates itself in this manner. ieee oe uses : co S SES RS a ae a ir a May, 1904.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 135. NOVELTIES. C@LOGYNE VENUSTA.—An_ interesting addition to the Ccelogyne Dayana group, which was introduced from Yunnan, by Messrs. Sander & Sons, St. Albans, and recently flowered in the Royal Botanic Gardens, Glasnevin. It is a very graceful plant, having pendulous scapes of about 10 inches long, and very numerous flowers, the sepals and petals being very light buff, and 6 to 7 lines long, while the lip is white, with the side- lobes and centre of the front lobe light yellow. On the base of the latter occur six undulate keels, which are tipped with brown, and the central pair extend. down the disc of the lip to near its base, and are separated by a deep channel. It is a smaller plant than most of its allies, and is dis- tinguished from all of them by the relatively much greater proportion which the front-lobe bears to the side-lobes. The specific name refers to the graceful character of the plant.—Rolfe in Gard. Chron., 1904, i. p. 259. DENDROBIUM BELLATULUM.—Although not strictly speaking a novelty, this beautiful little plant is scarcely known in cultivation at present, and it is interesting to note that Messrs. Sander & Sons have now obtained a batch from a new locality. It was originally discovered by Dr. Augustine Henry in Yunnan, growing on trees in the south-eastern mountain forests: of Mengtze, at 5,000 feet elevation, and was described over a year ago- (Rolfe in Fourn. Linn. Soc. xxxvi., p. 10) asa beautiful little plant, much: like a miniature edition of Dendrobium formosum. Soon afterwards some plants were received by Messrs. James Veitch & Sons, through their col- lector, Mr. Wilson, and one of these flowered imperfectly at Kew some time ago (O.R. xi., p. 100). It has now been discovered in Annam, growing on Oak-trees at Lang Bian, at 1400 to 1500 métres elevation, and flowering in November and December, the discoverer being W. Micholitz, who has sent a batch of living plants to Messrs. Sander & Sons, St. Albans, so that we: may soon know something more about it. It grows in dense tufts of only a few inches high, and native specimens show that it flowers very freely. The pseudo-bulbs are fusiform-oblong, about three inches long, and they bear three to four oblong or elliptical-oblong leaves, 1 to r} inches long by 5 to 9 lines broad, and one to three terminal flowers, which are very large for the size of the plant; the sepals measuring 9g to 10 lines, and the petals 10 to 12 lines long. The latter are united with the foot of the column and prolonged behind into a broad mentum or sac, some 4 to 5 lines long, which is obtuse, not acute, as in all other members of the Formose group. The lip is pandurately trilobed, and 13 to 15 lines long, with the side lobes rounded, and the front lobe obcordately bilobed, while the disc bears five verrucose: keels. Micholitz describes the plant as growing in dense tufts, the leaves as glaucous, the sepals and petals as white, the front lobe of the lip reddish 136 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [May, 1904. orange, the side lobes pale cinnabar to carmine, and the disc and basal parts of the lip and column as generally dark cinnabar or carmine, but in some flowers the whole flower is light cinnabar coloured. As in other species of the group, the pseudo-bulbs and leaves are covered with black pubescence. It isa remarkable little plant, and it will be interesting to watch its behaviour under cultivation. RK, Ach: PTEROGLOSSASPIS ECRISTATA. IT was a matter of considerable geographical interest when a new species of the African genus Pteroglossaspis was discovered in Argentina, namely P. argentina, Rolfe (ex Stuckert in Anal. Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires, ix., p. II), but it now appears that we have another American species in the above- named plant, whose systematic position has been hitherto somewhat doubtful. It was first discovered by A. H. Curtiss on dry pine barrens, near Jacksonville, Florida, and confused by Chapman with Bletia verecunda, though the author afterwards discovered his mistake, and referred the plant with some doubt to Cyrtopodium Woodfordii, which was also incorrect. Fernald, relying on a note by Bentham (to whom it was referred by the late Sereno Watson) described it as a new species of Cyrtopodium, under the name of C. ecristatum, which Small afterwards erected into a new genus, under the name of Triorchos ecristata. And now Mr. Oakes Ames has transferred it to Eulophia, as E. ecristata. When Bentham did the Orchids for the Genera Plantarum Pteroglossaspis was only known by a single Abyssinian species, P. eustachya, Rchb. f., but afterwards were successively described; P. Engleriana, Kranzl., from Mt. Kilimanjaro, P. ruwenzoriensis, Rolfe, from Mt. Ruwenzori, P. Carsoni, Rolfe, from the neighbourhood of Lake Tanganyika, and P. argentina, Rolfe, from Argentina. The present addition agrees with the others both in structure and habit, but has broader leaves and longer laxer racemes. The genus is near Cyrtopodium, but is markedly different in its strict spikes and long acuminate bracts, in which a spiral arrangement is clearly shown. The following is the synonymy of the species :—Bletia verecunda, Chapm. Fl. S. U. St., p. 456, in part (not R. Br.) ; Cyrtopodium Woodfordii, Chapm., l. c. suppl., p. 654 (not Sims); C. ecristatum, Fernald in Coult. Bot. Gazette, xxiv. p. 433; Triorchos ecristatus, Small, Fl. S. E. U. St., p. 329 ; Eulophia ecristata, Ames, Contrib. from Ames Bot. Lab., i., p. 19. It seems to be confined to dry pine barrens in Eastern and peninsular Florida, where it is locally common. The flowers are described as yeljowish outside and purplish brown within. R. A. ROLFE. May, 1904.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 137 DENDROBIUM LINGUIFORME. THE vast genus Dendrobium contains a remarkably polymorphic assem- blage of species, so far as habit is concerned, and the one here figured is quite anomalous in this respect—in fact it is difficult at the first glance to say whether the vegetative organs shown are pseudobulbs or leaves. It is a very graceful little plant when in flower, and makes itself quite at home if suspended in a moderately warm house and treated like others which prefer a similar position. It is a native of Queensland and New South Wales, and was described over a century ago by Swartz, under the name of D. linguiforme (Kongl. Vet. Acad., 1800, p- 247), and afterwards figured from dried specimens in Smith’s Exotic Botany (i. t. 11). The name refers to the shape of the short, very fleshy leaves. It was introduced to cultivation Fic. 23. DENDROBIUM LINGUIFORME. about the year 1860, by Mr. Hill, of the Brisbane Botanic Garden, who sent living plants from Moreton Bay to Kew, where they flowered, and a figure shortly afterwards appeared in the Botanical Magazine (t. 5249). The singular fleshy leaves are borne alternately on short creeping rhizomes, but the pseudobulbs are absent, and the flowers are white, with some pink Spots on the lip and a little yellow on the disc. It is probably most allied to D. cucumerinum (Bot. Mag., t. 4619), which Lindley described as much resembling a heap of little cucumbers, whence the name was derived. Lindley formed the section Rhizobium to contain these two plants, together with D. pugioniforme and D. rigidum, two other species not 138 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [May, 1904. known in cultivation. He described the members of this section as. ‘obscure species, with nothing more than a creeping rhizome, bearing solitary coriaceous leaves” (Paxt. Fl. Gard., i., p. 136). D. teretifolium also belongs to the same group, but is easily distinguished by its long, pendulous, whip-like leaves, though the flowers of the two are very similar. The specimen here figured flowered at Kew early in the present year, and the photograph was taken by Mr. Raffil. The plant, it will be noticed, is grown in a small basket.—R. A. R. SOCIETIES. ROYAL HORTICULTURAL. A MEETING of this Society was held at the Drill Hall, Buckingham Gate, Westminster, on April 5th last, when some choice exhibits were staged, though the display of Orchids was smaller than at the two or three preced- ing meetings. H. T. Pitt, Esq., Rosslyn, Stamford Hill, (gr. Mr. Thurgood), gained a Gold Medal with a magnificent group, chiefly Odontoglossums, including Odontoglossum crispum F. K. Sander, a splendid form very heavily blotched with claret-red, which has improved considerably since it was exhibited at the Temple Show last year; O.c. British Queen, O. c. Prebendary Bevan, O. c. Maude Rochford, O. c. Abner Hassel, O. c- Pitt’s var., O. xX bellatutum, O. x lochristiense,O. x Humeanum, O. Pescatorei Pitt’s variety, O. Hallii, O. triumphans, Maxillaria luteo-alba, Cymbidium eburneum, and other plants. A First-class Certificate was given to Odontoglossum cirrhosum Pitt’s var., an exceptionally fine form. W. Thompson, Esq., Walton Grange, Stone, Staff., (gr. Mr. Stevens), obtained a Silver Flora Medal for a fine group of Ondontoglossums, all well grown and finely flowered, the more noteworthy being O. luteopurpureum nobilior, O. Pescatorei, O. X Andrianz and varieties of O. crispum. J. G. Fowler, Esq., Glebelands, South Woodford (gr. Mr. Davis), exhibited a specimen plant of Dendrobium Wardianum Fowleri, which is remarkable for having some lip-like markings on the lateral sepals, a ~ peculiarity which proves constant, as the variety has now been cultivated for several years. A Cultural Commendation was awarded. J. Bradshaw, Esq., Southgate (gr. Mr. Whitelegge), exhibited Odonto- glossum X excellens Lowiz, Cattleya Trianz perfecta, and Lelio-cattleya x Digbyano-Schroedere alba, an Award of Merit being given to the latter, a beautiful nearly white variety, with a sulphur-yellow disc on the handsomely fringed lip. N. C. Cookson, Esq., Oakwood, Wylam (gr. Mr. Chapman), sent a small spike of a finely blotched form of O. crispum. Seed SRS oe eae May, 1904. | THE ORCHID REVIEW. 139 H. Little, Esq., Baronshalt, Twickenham (gr. Mr. Howard), showed four good varieties of Cattleya Schrcedere. C. J. Lucas, Esq., Warnham Court, Horsham (gr. Mr. Duncan), showed a good Odontoglossum crispum, tinted with rose, and O. X Andersonianum. F. A. Rehder, Esq., Gipsy Hill, (gr. Mr. Norris), exhibited a very good Cypripedium x Harrisianum variety excelsior. Baron Sir. H. Schroder, Bart., The Dell, Egham (gr. Mr. Ballantine), sent spikes of the large Odontoglossum X Adriane Orient, O. X Leeanum, and the handsome O. crispum Princess Christian. W. C. Walker, Esq., Winchmore Hill (gr. Mr. Bunney), showed Odontoglossum luteopurpureum, and the rare Eriopsis rutidobulbon. F. Wellesley, Esq., Westfield, Woking (gr. Mr. Hopkins), exhibited Cypripedium x allertonense Westfield variety (bellatulum x villosum), and Cattleya amethystoglossa, a very good form having the flowers tinged with pink and very profusely spotted. Messrs. Sander & Sons, St. Albans, were awarded a Silver Flora Medal for a fine group, principally Odontoglossums, including O. x Adriane, O. luteopurpureum Vuylstekei, O. x Wilckeanum, O. X_ loochristiense, forms of O. crispum, Lelio-cattleya x bletchleyensis, L.-c. x luminosa Fascinator, Cattleya X guatemalensis, Miltonia vexillaria Empress Augusta, Angrecum Sanderianum, Oncidium concolor, Maxillaria Sanderiana, Zygocolax x Amesianus, Phaius Wallichii, and others. Messrs. H. Low & Co., Bush Hill Park, staged an effective group, for which a Silver Banksian Medal was awarded. It contained Ada aurantiaca, Cymbidium x eburneo-Lowianum, Dendrobium xX Venus, D. Boxallii, D. Jamesianum, D. xX Sibyl, Cypripedium Reebelinii, with three spikes, C. niveum, Lycaste costata;' Cattleya: intermedia alba, C. Triane, C.. Mendelii, and others. Messrs. J. Veitch & Sons, Chelsea, exhibited Lelio-cattleya x Mona (L. flava x C. Schroeder), to which an Award of Merit was given. The flowers are soft cowslip yellow in colour. Messrs. Linden & Co., Brussels, exhibited Selenipedium xX Madame Linden (grande X caudatum Wallisii), having large cream-white flowers, tinged with rose and green. Mr. J Douglas, Edenside, Gt. Bookham, sent a light coloured Cypri- pedium xX Deedmanianum. At the second meeting, held on April 19th, a very fine display of Orchids was seen, and owing to the quantity of spring flowers shown, the Orchids had to be exhibited in the canteen. H. T. Pitt, Esq., Rosslyn, Stamford Hill (gr. Mr. Thurgood), gained a Silver-gilt Flora Medal for a magnificent group, consisting chiefly of 40 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [May, 1904. Odontoglossums, and including O.crispum Maud Rochford, O. c. Pittiz, O. c. Lindeni, O. c. King Richard, O. x Adriane, O. xX loochristiense, the fine O. cirrhosum Pitt’s variety, Cattleya Schroedera alba, Zygo- petalum X Sanderi, Z X Perrenoudi Cecil Rhodes, Oncidium phymat- ochilum, Cymbidium X eburneo-Lowianum, and other plants. J. G. Fowler, Esq., Glebelands, South Woodford (gr. Mr. J. Davis), was also awarded a Silver Flora Medal for a splendid group, containing some huge specimens of Dendrobium Devonianum covered with flowers, D. Wardianum giganteum, D. W. album, Cymbidium Lowianum concolor, C. x eburneo-Lowianum, Cypripedium x W. R. Lee, Cattleya intermedia Fowleri, and C. Schroeder Fowler’s variety, the last a very large and beautitul form, peach blossom in colour, with the disc of the lip orange and a yellow line down the centre of each lateral sepal. It was deservedly given an Award of Merit. N. C. Cookson, Esq., Oakwood, Wylam (gr. Mr. H. J. Chapman), sent Dendrobium xX Venus Oakwood variety, the pretty Odontoglossum crispum Smeeanum having the flower tinted with rose and marked with many small brown spots, and O. c. xanthotes Cooksoniz, the last receiving a First Class Certificate. This had a beautiful white flower of perfect shape, and bearing a few orange coloured spots, chiefly on the lip. De B. Crawshay, ens ., Rosefield, Sevenoaks (gr. Mr. Stables), again showed the handsome Odontoglossum triumphans Lionel Craw- shay, and O. crispum Venus; the latter a beautiful white form slightly tinged with rose, which received an Award of Merit. F. Wellesley, Esq., Westfield, Woking (gr. Mr. Hopkins), showed Cypripedium xX Wellesleyanum, a suggested natural hybrid between C. bellatulum and C. concolor, which is noted on another page. An Award of Merit was given. D. O. Drewett, Esq., Riding Mill-on-Tyne (gr. Mr. Renwick), sent a spike and leaf of Cypripedium ™X Lowio-Parishii (Lowianum X Parishii), having four flowers of intermediate shape, the dorsal sepal yellowish, with some longitudinal purple lines sepal, and the petals greenish, spotted with brown toward the base, and wholly purple toward the apex. Capt. G. L. Holford, C.I.E., Westonbirt, Tetbury (gr. Mr. Alexander), sent a good Odotoglossum xX Andersonianum, having the flower heavily marked with purple-brown. L. Mond, Esq., Avenue Road, Regent’s Park (gr. Mr. Clarke), exhibited a plant called Lelio-cattleya x inter-elegans Blanche Gertrude, anda plant of Cymbidium Lowianum exquisitum, in which the markings on the lip were unusually bright. ee miei. May, 1¢04.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 141 A. Warburton, Esq., Haslingden, showed a very handsome form of Odontoglossum X ardentissimum called Warburton’s variety. H. Whateley, Esq., Kenilworth, sent several fine Odontoglossums, a variety of O. crispum marked with purple being very good. Sir F. Wigan, Bart., Clare Lawn, East Sheen (gr. Mr. Young), exhibited a spike of Eulophiella Elisabethz out of the original importation, Odonto- glossum polyxanthum grandiflorum with a spike of sixteen flowers, two varieties of O. X Adriane, and Cymbidium xX I’Ansoni, the latter a rare natural hybrid between C. Lowianum and C. Tracyanum, which was figured at page 209 of our eighth volume. Messrs. Sander & Sons, St. Albans, staged a very fine group, to which a Silver Flora Medal was awarded. It contained Lelio-cattleya x Dominiana, L.-c. X Ruby Gem var. Flambeau, the bright yellow L.-c. x Bird of Paradise (L. flava x C. Mendelii), having a ruby front to the lip, Lycaste xytriophora, L. Schilleriana magnifica, Sobralia Amesiana, and other plants. A First-class Certificate was given to Zygopetalum xX Gottianum (maxillare Gautieri XX Perrenoudii), a very pretty hybrid, having dark bronzy-purple sepals and petals with a pale margin and apex, and a white lip lined with blue throughout. Messrs. J. Veitch & Sons, Chelsea, staged a good group, to which a Silver Flora Medal was awarded. It included Epidendrum x Delphi, varieties of E. X elegantulum, Lelia x Mrs. Gratrix, L. x Latona, Lalio-cattleya xX Zephyra, L.-c. x highburiensis, L.-c. X Frederick Boyle, Dendrobium xX crepidato-nobile, and others. A First-class Certificate was given to D. X Thwaitesiz, Veitch’s variety (splendidissimum grandiflorum X Wiganiz), a large and very beautiful hybrid most like the former in size and shape, but the ground colour a beautiful yellow. Messrs. J. & A. A. McBean, Cooksbridge, were also awarded a Silver Flora Medal for a fine group of Odontoglossums, containing many O. crispum, O. Hallii, O. luteopurpureum, O. loochristiense, O. X aan &c., all very well-grown. Messrs. Cutbush, The Nurseries, Highgate, obtained a oe Certificate for Calanthe discolor, a pretty Japanese species said to be hardy, and having the sepals and petals brownish, and the lip white, slightly tinged with rose. Messrs. H. Low & Co., Bush Hill Park, showed a very effective group, containing Dendrobium tortile, D. Pierardi, D. crepidatum, D. chrysotoxum, D. lituiflorum, Cattleya intermedia, Lycaste Skinneri alba, Cymbidium Lowianum, Bush Hill Park var., Cypripedium xX Drurio-Hookere, and others. M. Ch. Vuylsteke, Loochristi, Ghent, showed a small group of: Odontoglossums. 142 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [May, 1904. MANCHESTER AND NORTH OF ENGLAND ORCHIDS. A meeting of this Society was held at the Coal Exchange,. Manchester, on March 18th last, when there was a good display of sagen several choice groups being staged. W. Thompson, Esq., Walton Grange, Stone (gr. Mr. Stevens), staged a charming group of Odontoglossums, to which a Silver Medal was given. W. Duckworth, Esq., Flixton (gr. Mr. Tindall), staged a good group consisting largely of Dendrobiums, and received a Bronze Medal, a Cultural Certificate also going to a fine plant of Cymbidium xX eburneo-Lowianum. G. W. Law-Schofield, Esq., New Hall Hey, Rawtenstal (gr. Mr. Schill), received Awards of Merit for three beautiful plants, called Odonto- -glossum X Annie Louise (O. sceptrum X O. crispum), O. X Rolfeze Mary Beatrice, and Lzlio-cattleya X eximia Mary Beatrice. S. Gratrix, Esq., Whalley Range (gr. Mr. G. Cypher), gained an Award -of Merit for a plant called Lelio-cattleya x ardentissima var. Gratrixie. Messrs. J. Cypher & Sons, Cheltenham, staged a very beautiful group, -consisting chiefly of finely-grown and profusely-flowered Dendrobiums, in -which some good forms of Dendrobium nobile and numerous hybrids were included. A Bronze Medal was awarded. Interesting groups were also sent by Messrs. Charlesworth & Co., Messrs. A. J. Keeling & Sons, Mr. S. Allen, and Mr. Thorpe, a Vote of ‘Thanks in each case being accorded. ORCHID SHOW AT CALCUTTA. Indian Gardening states that Mr. S. P. Chatterji’s Orchid and Flower ‘Show, keld at Calcutta on Saturday, Sunday, and Monday, April rath to 14th, was one of the most beautiful he has ever held. The Orchids were ‘the grandest yet seen at his nurseries, and Mr. Chatterji thinks they have never been seen to better effect. There was a bewildering beauty and ‘variety about the show which elicited exclamations of delight from all. The huge conservatory is described as literally ablaze with Orchid blooms, and ‘‘ from the conservatory one suddenly came upon the glass house, -which was a dream of floral loveliness. The girders were literally swathed in masses of Dendrobium aggregatum. The side benches were resplendent with such beautiful things as Vanda tricolor, the rare Australian Dendrobium -superbiens, Renanthera coccinea and Imschootiana, Cattleya Trianz, Mossiz, speciosissima and Leopoldi ; Oncidium splendidum, luridum and ampliatum majus, Cypripedium hirsutissimum and insigne, great spikes of Dendrobium nobile, superbum, primulinum, albo-sanguineum, infundibulum, Farmeri -and the old familiar Pierardi. Phaius Wallichii was in great form.” A = oo ich (ce Mesicm sda on May, 1904.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 143 good collection of Orchids was exhibited from the .Royal Botanic Garden, Calcutta, together with a grand plant of Stauropsis gigantea and a well- arranged collection of Phalznopsis from Seth Dooly Chand, also a choice collection of Dendrobiums and a magnificent collection of Phaius from the Hon. Mr. A. A. Apear. The Orchids were arranged with ferns and foliage plants. We have not space for a full report of the show, on the success of which the promoters must be congratulated. EL Fert LEAF-MOULD FOR ORCHIDS. A VERY fine group of Odontoglossums from the collection of N. C. Cook- son, Esq., is figured in the Gardeners’ Chronicle for April 23rd (p. 261), and affords an excellent illustration of what leaf-mould culture can do. On the preceding page is a very interesting note by Mr. H. J. Chapman, whichit may be interesting to reproduce :—“ A great deal has been written both for and against the use of leaf-soil as an ingredient in the potting compost. Many cultivators I know have not found the success they expected from its use, and have concluded that no advantages are to be obtained from it. I do not suppose there is a trade collection in the country where plants have been propagated to the extent they are at Oakwood. As these results are produced by the inclusion of a considerable proportion of leaf-soil in the potting compost, there can be no doubt that its use is advantageous. Success or failure with it depends almost entirely upon the treatment afforded the plants by those having charge of them. No one should adopt leaf-soil cultivation for Orchids who is unable to afford root waterings with discretion and care. It is a difficult matter to get young gardeners to give sufficient attention to this matter ; a large collection of plants can only be partly overlooked by the ‘‘ responsible head.”” Where the use of leaf-soil is properly understood there is little fear of its being discarded. Not only does it save using so much peat, but the labour in potting and general attention is so greatly diminished that a man can attend to nearly twice the number of plants that he could manage under the old system. Complaints are made as to the quality of the flowers, many contending that with leaf-soil in the potting compost there is an absence of texture which affects the durability of the flowers. This also depends upon the treatment given the plants. With the greater amount of compost the plants obtain more feeding matter, and the larger pseudo-bulbs take so much more ripening than small ones that considerably more light is necessary properly to mature the growths. Unless proper ripening is effected, unsatisfactory results are, as a natural course, bound to occur. The plants in the illustration will show that satisfactory results are obtained, even as far north as Newcastle-on-Tyne, from the inclusion of 144 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [May, 1904. leaf-soil to the extent of one-third, and there is no reason why better results should not be obtainable in more favourable situations.” In connection with the very interesting report on Leaf-mould for Orchids, by J. Wilson Potter, Esq., of Croydon, published at pp. 106- 110 of our last issue, we received a fine series of photographs showing the actual results obtained by the use of the compost described. A notice of these had to be deferred, but we can now say that they afford a striking illustration of the excellence of the treatment. The photographs represent the following species :—Cattleya Mendelii, C. Percivaliana (two), C. Triane (two), Lelia acuminata alba, L.anceps, L. purpurata (two), L. tenebrosa, Lelio-cattleya X elegans, Dendrobium Phalenopsis, and Odontoglossum carniferum. The plants are strong and healthy, and the growths show remarkable vigour. One plant of Cattleya Trine shows three flowering growths, and Mr. Potter remarks that as-soon as one growth finished up in the autumn a second began to push, and all three flowered in March, 1904, producing two flowers each. The plant is remarkably sturdy. The same may be said of Lelia purpurata, L. anceps, Dendrobium Phalznopsis, and Odontoglossum carniferum, while the photographs of Cattleya Perci- valiana also quite bear out what Mr. Potter stated about them last month. It is, however, invidious to particularise, for all are excellent testimonials to the virtues of the compost. OBITUARY. Epwin Hiitt.—The Orchid Committee of the R.H.S. has just lost a highly- respected member, in the person of Mr. Edwin Hill, gardener to the Right Hon. Lord Rothschild, Tring Park, who died at St. Bartholomew’s Hospital on Wednesday morning, April 13th, after an operation for an internal malady on the previous afternoon. Mr. Hill was an excellent all-round gardener, and the condition of the Orchids at Tring Park is well known, Phalznopsis especially being cultivated there with great success, SO ~ much so that Messrs. Veitch in their Manual of Orchidaceous Plants remark (vii., p. 19) :—‘‘ The most prominent instance of the successful cultivation of these plants is well known to us at Tring Park, the seat of the Right Hon. Lord Rothschild.” And after describing the house and the method of treatment they remark that many of the plants have been cultivated for ten years, and have not only flowered in a satisfactory manner, but have greatly increased in size. This was thirteen years ago, and the plants still remain in thriving condition. Mr. Hill remained in harness up to the last, though for some time he had been in ‘failing health. He will be succeeded by Mr. Dyer. Fe a Re ET Oe Mee ee May, 1904.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 145 EPIDENDRUM ENDRESII. THE annexed figure represents a plant of the pretty little Epidendrum Endresii which flowered in the Kew collection early in the present year, and was photographed by Mr. Raffil. It is a charming little species, but very rare in cultivation, owing to difficulty in importing it alive. It is a native of Costa Rica, where it was discovered in 1873 by Endres, who, however, failed to send home living plants. Some five years later, however, it was re-discovered by Mr. F. C. Lehmann, who succeeded in transmitting to Europe one or two living plants. Subsequent attempts have been made to import it, but it is said that only a very few plants have survived the Fic. 24. EpIDENDRUM ENDRESII. voyage. It was described by Reichenbach in 1883 (Gard. Chron., 1883, 1., p- 432), and subsequently figured (J. c., 1885, i., p. 504, fig. 91). Little seems to be known about its habitat, but it is evidently a mountain plant, and succeeds under intermediate house treatment. The stems are about six to nine inches high, bearing short ovate-oblong leaves, and terminal racemes of whitish-lilac flowers, with a few purple spots on the lip and column. The leaf-sheaths are strongly verrucose, giving the stems a very curious appearance. It flowers during the winter months, and is well figured at t. 7855 of the Botanical Magazine. There are two other species 146 THE ORCHID REVIEW. (May, 1904. of the same group, namely E. pumilum and E. centropetalum. The former is also a native of Costa Rica, which flowered with Messrs. Sander in 1890, and was described some three years later (Rolfe in Kew Bull., 1893, p- 171). It is very similar in habit, but has light greenish yellow flowers with an orange callus to the lip. E. centropetalum was discovered on the ‘Chiriqui Volcano, at 7,000 feet elevation, by Warscewicz, but has not been introduced to cultivation, though from its dwarf habit and rose-coloured flowers it should prove equally attractive. DENDROBIUMS FROM -WEST DERBY. ‘SEVERAL very finely-grown Dendrobiums are sent from the collection of A. H. Bencke, Esq., West Derby, Liverpool, by Mr. Bache. Half-a-dozen forms of D. nobile are excellent, and include the remarkable variety Cooksonianum, and a good dark variety which is said to be a seedling and to have a most vigorous constitution. It is certainly a very attractive variety. Two four-flowered racemes of D. X Ainsworthii are taken from a plant said to be carrying about a thousand flowers, which formed a fine sight when at its best. The flowers are snow-white with a bright crimson- purple feathered blotch, forming a most effective contrast: D. X Cybele is represented by flowers of a very pretty seedling, raised from D. nobile Hutchinson’s variety X D. Findlayanum. The flowers are very large and it should develop into a fine thing. Another seedling is from D. n. Cooksonianum xX Ainsworthii, and as both parents are also sent it is interesting to compare them. The seedling has nearly white segments with a very dark disc, in which scarcely a trace of the feathered margin remains. The Cooksonian character is quite lost. Mr. Bache says that the plant is remarkably strong, as it is only four years old this season, and is now making thirteen strong leads. It must be considered a light form -of D. X Rubens, and will no doubt be taken care of. Lastly must be mentioned a form of D. nobile approaching the variety albiflorum, but remarkable for the great length of the pedicels, which measure three inches long. It came as an imported plant, with a dark form of D. nobile, and was a mere scrap when separated, but is now a fair-sized plant which made seven bulbs last season. The long pedicels are said to be a constant feature, and have attracted much attention. The flowers are medium-sized, white, with very small purple tips, and the disc of the lip small and very dark. It is a very charming group, and the fine development of the flowers shows evidence of excellent culture. Dendrobiums are among the most useful of spring-flowering Orchids, -and with the number of species and hybrids now in existence, the display -of flowers can be prolonged for a considerable time. May, 19e4. | LHE ORCHID REVIEW. 147 CALENDAR OF OPERATIONS FOR MAY. By JoHN MacKay, The Gardens, Highbury, Birmingham. ‘WE may safely assume that with the advent of May the summer treat- ment of Orchids should commence, and as a general guide to the temperature which should be maintained the following figures may be of some assistance :— East Inp1AN Hovuse.—Day, with sun heat, 85°; without sun, 70° to 75°; night, 70°; morning 60° to 65°; the early moining temperature being the coldest in their native habitats. CATTLEYA AND INTERMEDIATE HouskEs.—The inmates of these depart- ments are fond of plenty of heat from now onwards, and these houses may now range from 70° to 80°, or higher during sunny, warm weather with a right temperature of 60° to 65°. Coot or OpontocLossum Hovsr.—This structure should now be kept as cool as possible, both night and day, for strong heat is most distasteful to Qdontoglossums, and especially so if insufficiently venti- lated. The cultivator cannot prevent the temperature rising in hot weather, inside as well as out, but by giving air he can avoid a close, stuffy atmosphere. FIRE Heat cannot very well be dispensed with yet awhile; and in the warmest house it must yet be given at night for some time to come, and also during dull, sunless and cold days. The intermediate departments will likewise, unless the weather very much alter, still require a little at night for some few weeks, but during the day, un. less the weather be exceptionally cold and cheerless, none should be needed. Fire heat should only be used when really necessary; at other times it is an evil, and does more harm than good. MolIsTURE.—As we are now entering on the growing season proper, when the days are long and the sun powerful, let there be no lack of atmospheric moisture. This is most necessary at the present time, as everything is bristling with new roots and new growths, which must be encouraged by every possible means. Make use of the syringe about the house, two or three times a day at least, in fact it is now almost impossible to create too much moisture, that is if the ventilators are properly manipulated. WATERING.—It will scarcely be possible now, generally speaking, to go far wrong in the matter of watering at the root. Much larger supplies are, of course, necessary than in winter. A pretty safe guide to follow is to allow the surface compost to become whitish in appearance, denoting that the under part is also getting dry, and then to give a good watering with a spouted pot. One can quickly learn if the compost is in a sound and well- 148 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [May, 19c¢4- drained condition by the frequency of wateringsrequired. I am speaking, of course, of the ordinary compost peat and moss, but with leaf soil more discretion will have to be used. Top-DREssInc.—Where repotting is not necessary I strongly advise that each plant should be top-dressed with clean, living sphagnum moss. The tcp layer of old compost should be carefully removed from between the roots, by the aid of a pointed stick, and replaced with a layer of new sweet material placed on rather lightly. This not only improves the appearance of the plant very much, but it also loosens the moss so that the air and water can have freer access to the under roots. The new compost Jaid round the plants seems also to greatly assist growth, the new roots certainly enter it very approvingly. It is scarcely necessary to use peat for top-dressing purposes, unless the plants are of large size, when some may be used with the moss. This work of top-dressing and repotting will keep us busy for some time to come, it being the best possible time for so doing. Always remember to well shade a newly-potted plant, and to moisten its surround- ings, surface compost, and foliage, with the syringe occasionally, so that an undue loss of foliage or of shrivelling may be avoided. It will then soon become re-established, and take the uniform treatment. FLOWERS SpoTTinGc.—This is a frequent source of annoyance, the chief cause of which is the damp atmosphere necessary for the growth of the plants, and it is bound to occur as soon as the warmth from the pipes is discontinued during the nights. The only possible preventative is to maintain a slight warmth in the pipes with, at the same time, a gentle circulation of air. It is a pity to lose a fine show of Odontoglossums through spot, and the little warmth necessary to avoid such a loss can scarcely have any ill-effect from a cultural standpoint for a few weeks while the chief show is on. This is where the usefulness of a show or flowering house comes in, which can be kept at the right atmospherical condition for preserving the flowers in a perfect state. Often one may see beautiful Cattleyas spoilt nearly as soon as they expand, only through the cool moisture at night, which, on the other hand, is advantageous to growth. As the Cymbidiums pass out of bloom their wants should be attended to. C. Lowianum, giganteum, and Tracyanum grow very vigorously in the coolest house, in fact, the whole of the other kindS also grow well there, but are better for intermediate treatment duriug the winter and spring months. They delight in what is, for an Orchid, a comparatively rich compost, and if loam is used it should be of the best fibrous nature. A suitable compost consists of two parts each of good fibrous loam and peat,, obtained in as lumpy a state as possible, one part of decayed cow-manure, partially dried before using, and sufficient coarse sand, and finely broken. crocks to render the whole porous. The roots of Cymbidiums are large: May, 1904.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 149 and fleshy, and they therefore prefer a moderate amount of space in which toramble. This should be borne in mind, when they require re-potting, and pots of a reasonable size should be selected, so that they may go on for some time without root disturbance being again necessary. It is best to drain the pots only one-third, thus allowing more room for the compost and roots. After potting keep the plants moderately well shaded and moist, but avoid getting the new compost too wet for a time until the roots make a fresh start. Cattleyas which were previously re-potted are now making new roots freely and seem to greatly relish the fresh live sphagnum and new peat, &c. These may now have water supplied more freely without fear of the old roots rotting off. Look over the remainder regularly, also the Lzlias, so that the best time for attention does not pass by. Catch them just as they start into a new growth, and before the new roots have got too far advanced. After re-potting give them a little extra shade for a time and use the syringe about them rather freely, which will prevent shrivelling, and an unnecessary loss of foliage, and promote renewed root action. Odontoglossum grande will be one of the principal intermediate Orchids requiring attention this month. Hitherto they have had a good rest, being kept on the dry side since their bulbs matured. New growth has already started, and root action will soon follow. Any potting required should be done just as the roots show at the base. I find the best compost for these plants is leaf soil, surfaced over with fresh chopped sphagnum moss. Growth and root action is wonderfully vigorous, and one is also assured of good strong flower spikes. I need not say that in this mixture very little water is required, a slight moisten- ing of the surface moss being quite sufficient. Odontoglossum citrosmum is one of the most pleasing and delightfully scented Orchids now in flower. They are grown here in shallow pans, so that they may be suspended, the flowers are thus shown to more advantage. As soon as the spikes are off topdressing or repotting should begin, using peat and moss in equal proportions. They should not be kept long in a saturated condition, but allow them to get moderately dry before giving a fresh supply of water. Give them a fair amount of sunshine and air. Whilst in flower it is best to keep the atmosphere much drier, so that the flowers will last longer in good condition with- out spotting. InsEcT Pests.—A sharp look-out should be kept for insects, which increase rapidly at this season, and will soon cause a lot of mischief if not kept down. As soon as traces of the pests are observed, the usual remedies should be promptly applied, as a little neglect may result in much injury being done. Cleanliness is an important adjunct to good culture. 150 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [May, 1904. CYMBIDIUM VIRESCENS. A curious little Cymbidium has been in flower at Kew for some time which in its single flowered scapes clothed with sheathing bracts resembles. a Maxillaria rather than the genus to which it really belongs. It is C. virescens, Lindl., which was described in 1838 (Bot. Reg., xxiv., Misc., p. 37). It is a native of Japan, and was brought to Europe by Dr. Siebold, and flowered in Messrs. Rollisson’s Nursery at Tooting. Dr. Lindley remarked :—‘‘ It has greenish sepals and petals, about an inch and a half long, and a pale dull yellow lip slightly blotched with dull red. I did not remark any smell. No doubt this will prove a greenhouse species.” Curiously enough the plant misled even Reichenbach, who, in 1845, though knowing its Japanese habitat, described it under the name of Maxillaria Goringii (Bot. Zett., 1845, p. 334), and when afterwards he transferred it to Cymbidium, as C. Goringii, he was evidently unaware that it was Lindley’s. plant. Still later he enumerated the two as distinct (Walp. Ann. vi., p. 626), at the same time erroneously contracting Lindley’s name to C. virens, in which mistake he has been followed by most later authors. There is. a figure of it in the Japanese work Somoku Zusetsu, xviii, t. 15). It is found both in Corea and Japan, and will succeed in a cool greenhouse. Though interesting botanically, it is not by any means a showy plant, partly on account of the colour of the flowers, and partly because they are shorter than the leaves, as is also the case with some Maxillarias. There is only one other species having single-flowered scapes, which has been described rather recently, namely, C. Mackinnoni (Duthie in Journ. Asiat. Soc. Beng.» Ixxi, p. 41), a native of the Western Himalaya, near Mussouri, growing at about 5500 feet elevation. Ricks R- ONCIDIUM ANTHOCRENE. A FINE inflorescence of an Oncidium is sent by Messrs. Lager & Hurrell, Summit, New Jersey, which proves to belong to Oncidium anthocrene. The species is a native of Colombia, and was originally discovered at about 4,000 feet elevation, by Wallis, and described by Reichenbach in 1877 (Linnea, xli., p. 102). Some time later it appeared in cultivation, and was figured in the Orchid Album (ix., t. 392). Messrs. Charlesworth & Co, also obtained it in 1889, from Antioquia, in the Cattleya Dowiana district. It is a striking thing, having a branching inflorescence and numerous flowers, which measure two inches across. Its nearest ally is O. bracteatum, Rchb. f., each of them having a strongly bracteate inflorescence, but in the present one the flowers are nearly double the size. The sepals and petals Ss ee oS ee eee 7 3 z Mf a 3 May, 1904.) THE ORCHID REVIEW. 151 are undulate, deep red-brown, and bearing some narrow yellow transverse bars, the latter, of course, represe-ting the ground colour, but it is nearly obliterated by the heavy markings. The lip is pale yellow, with very small side lobes, and some brown markings on the disc. The pseudobulbs measure from three to four inches long, and have a pair of gracefully arching leaves at the apex, and a similar number at the base. It isa handsome species, and even when out of flower is a very graceful plant. R.A esac age deka a ONCIDIUM LIETZEI. A VERY pretty species of Oncidium with buff-orange flowers has just appeared in the collection of O. O. Wrigley, Esq., Bridge Hall, Bury (gr. Mr. Rogers). It proves to be Oncidium Lietzei, a Brazilian species which flowered in the St. Petersburg Botanic Garden in 1881, and was described and figured by Regel (Gartenflora, 1881, p. 163, t. 1044). It belongs to the O. pubes group, but is readily distinguished by the colour of the flowers and various structural differences. What appears to be the same species was afterwards described by Reichenbach under the name of O. Hrubyanum (Gard. Chron., 1883, i., p. 562), froma plant which flowered in the collection of Baron Hruby, Kolin, Bohemia, and afterwards in several other collections. It 1s a pretty little species, and the colour of its flowers is quite unusual. The plant afterwards figured by Regel as O. Lietzei var.aureo-maculata (Gartenfl., 1888, p. 441, t. 1279) is evidently quite different, and is probably a form of O. pubes. Several species of this group are occasionally met with in cultivation, but the flowers are not large enough for them to become popular. All of them are natives of Brazil. R. A. R. ee SPRING-FLOWERING DENDROBIUMS. THE spring-flowering Dendrobiums are extremely useful decorative plants, and for some weeks past have been flowering in profusion in most Orchid collections. The species are very numerous, and of late years there has _been a large accession of hybrids, so that there is a wealth of materials to select from, and some of the former are not as commonly met with as their merits deserve. One at least of the two figured on succeeding pages comes under this category, namely, D. Devonianum, and the reason probably is that it is often a difficult plant to grow satisfactorily. Mr. B.S. Williams states that the great secret is to give it plenty of water when growing, and always to bear in mind that the red spider is its desperate enemy, often attacking the leaves. This pest should be diligently searched for, and, if foand, kept under by syringing the foliage every day, or even twice a day in summer. vd Loa | N THE ORCHID REVIEW. [| May, tgo04. Dendrobium Devonianum (fig. 25) was discovered in the Khasia Hills, by Gibson, when collecting for the Duke of Devonshire, and sent to Chatsworth in 1837. It flowered in the following spring, and was figured in Paxton’s Magazine of Botany (vii., p. 169), being dedicated to the Duke of Devonshire. It is a striking species, on account of its beautifully fringed lip, which has a pair of large orange blotches on either side of the disc, and FIG. 25. DENDROBIUM DEVONIANUM. a bright purple apex, the latter colour being also present at the apex of the — petals. Its fascicles of flowers are borne at every node of the stem, which thus appears wreathed in flowers throughout their length, and as they some- times reach a length of three to four feet the effect can easily be imagined- The plant here figured flowered in the collection of Dr. A. W. Hoisholt, of Stockton, California. The species is now known to grow also in Bhotan, the a ala ae z< — ee May, 1904. | THE ORCHID REVIEW. 153 Naga Hills, Assam, and southwards to Burmah. There is a beautiful albino of the species, known as variety candidulum, which is extremely rare. Dendrobium Hildebrandii (fig. 26) is a comparatively recent addition to the genus, being described in 1894 (Rolfe in Kew Buil., 1894, p. 198). It was discovered in the Shan States by H. H. Hildebrand, Esq., and sent to Messrs. Hugh Low & Co., of Clapton, who flowered it early in 1894. Owing to its twisted sepals and petals it bears a considerable resemblance to D. tortile, which indeed represents its affinity, but the flowers are light Fic. 26. DENDROBIUM HILDEBRANDII. whitish yellow instead of purple. One form, however, has a deeper yellow throat to the lip, and a pair of maroon blotches at the base, this being known as variety oculatum. Itis a plant of very robust habit, and very floriferous, and Mr. Hildebrand states that it grows in magnificent huge sses, and that as many as fifteen hundred flowers have been counted on 3 feb) Mn a single clump. The species has been crossed with D. nobile, D. Wardianum, and D. aureum, yielding three handsome hybrid. 154 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [May, 1904. THE AMATEUR’S COLLECTION. WE have again been urged to give some notes writlen especially for beginners in Orchid culture and those who have only very small collections, and will endeavour to comply, though at the outset it may be remarked that it is difficult to write anything which is specially applicable to individual cases, as tastes differ, and the conditions vary so greatly. In nine cases out of ten the probability is that beginners in Orchid culture have some house or houses devoted to ordinary plants, and wish to add a few Orchids to their collection. It may be an ordinary greenhouse, a vinery, a plant stove, or a house best suited for a fernery, or possibly all combined, in which latter case one is the more likely to find a suitable situation for any particular Orchid which strikes his fancy. Of the houses named probably the plant stove will prove the more accommodating, for it is provided with the requisite conditions in the shape of heat, moisture, shading, and ventilation, and there are many Orchids which thrive in such a structure, sometimes indeed quite as well as in a special Orchid house; the reason being that their special requirements are provided for. Cool Orchids are generally the more popular, but the attempt to introduce them into an ordinary greenhouse is not often a suctess, the reason being that in most cases such a house is too dry and draughty, and often insufficiently shaded. In these respects a cool fernery is better adapted to the purpose, because shade and moisture are better provided for. In fact, successful Orchid growing depends largely upon the provision of a suitable atmosphere—that is, one containing the proper amount of heat and moisture. This, of course, varies according to the season of the year, and to the class of Orchid cultivated, but it is one of the first essentials. And a suitable atmosphere depends on the proper management and use of the heating apparatus, venti- lators, shading, and the supply of moisture. The structure and aspect of the house should also be considered when adapting it to Orchid culture. A lean-to house facing due south, for example, being unsuitable for cool Orchids. When new houses are to be built for the purpose the case is much simpler, as a suitable position can be selected, and proper houses erected, in which the details have been specially arranged for Orchid culture. Some of our horticultural firms have made a speciality of this kind of house, in which the ventilators, heating apparatus, shading, &c., are all arranged on up-to-date principles. In such houses the culture of Orchids is compara- tively easy, if ordinary attention is given. The selection of a site for the house is of great importance. It should be screened from the east and north-east, as the cold dry winds from that quarter are very injurious to Orchids. If there are no buildings in the ES May, 1904.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 155: direction mentioned a belt of shrubs will form a very useful screen. It should also be in a fairly light position, because during the dull winter period the plants should receive all the light possible, while the superabundance during the summer can be cut off by the use of suitable shading. On other sides the situation should be fairly open, and in such a quarter a span-roofed house, running approximately north and south, will probably prove the most satisfactory structure, as such a house affords the greatest variety of situations for different kinds of Orchid. We may now say something about their structure and internal arrangements. Orchids generally do best in moderately small houses, where the plants can be brought well up tothe light, and brickwork should be utilised for the sides as much as possible, as it affords better protection in cold weather than glass. Houses with partially sunk pathways are often used with great success. TEMPERATURE.— Whatever the kind of house, the heating apparatus should be adequate to maintain the required temperature without unduly forcing the fires, and the piping should be ample. It is then not necessary to keep the water at boiling point during cold weather, which would only be injurious to the plants. VENTILATION is a matter of great importance, as a stagnant atmosphere is injurious, but the top ventilators should be used with caution, especially during cold bright weather. The side ventilators should consist of shutters in the walls, near the hot-water pipes, and those on the leeward side should be opened a little whenever the outside temperature permits. SHADING is absoluiely necessary, and either lath-roller blinds or the various kinds of canvas mounted on rollers may be used. The former are the more durable, and may be let down on cold frosty nights as an additional protection, thereby economising fire heat, and benefitting the plants. Whitezing painted on the glass is not recommended. FrLoors.—These are best constructed of gravel or some absorbent material, with a trellis-work of wood to walk on. Or corrugated tiles may be used for the pathway. Coke is an excellent material to place under the pipes and stages, as it absorbs plenty of water, and gives a large evaporating surface. Certain ferns and shade-loving foliage plants may be grown under the stages with advantage to the Orchids. STAGING of an open character should be provided so as to allow a free circulation of air. A solid staging, placed at least a foot below the open staging, and containing coke or fine gravel, is also very beneficial, as when damped it gives off a constant supply of moisture. The stages should bring the plants well up to the light, and a few wires should be placed on the roof on either side of the pathway to suspend baskets from. Many plants succeed best in such a position. 156 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [May, 1904. ORCHIDS FROM WESTONBIRT. A MAGNIFICENT series of flowers is sent from the collection of Captain Holford, Westonbirt, Tetbury, by Mr. Alexander. There are twelve beautiful forms of Odontoglossum crispum, which must have been cut from very vigorous plants, as the size and substance of the flowers are remark- able. One of them measures just over four inches from tip to tip of the petals, which organs are over r2 inches across. It is a remarkably broad and well-shaped flower, and several others are equal in shape but slightly smaller. The two named forms are O. c. Iolanthe, acharming white form with several red-brown blotches on the lip, anda single one on each lateral sepal, and O. c. Argus, slightly flushed with rose, particularly on the sepals, where there are many small brown dots, and a few others on the petals. The lip is blotched as usual. The other forms include two beautiful whites with some blotches on the lip, another prettily blotched also on the sepals, a few others slightly flushed with rose, one of which bears a large blotch on each sepal and a smaller one on the petals, and, lastly, a very pretty rosy- purple form, slightly blotched with red-brown. O. Pescatorei Westonbirt var., is aremarkably fine form, measuring three inches from tip to tip of the petals, and the lip and all the segments are very broad aad round. There are four beautiful varieties of O. X Adriane, three of which are named. The variety Lady Wantage is remarkably fine, measuring three inches in diameter across the petals, the ground colour being light yellow, and the blotches on the segments very large; Mrs. R. Benson is even larger, and has very broad segments, the ground colour cream white, and the blotches large and deep red-brown; while Mrs. Menzies is a smaller form with white ground, very copiously blotched with purple brown; quite a study in mosaics. Lastly must be mentioned two forms of O. X Andersonianum, the Westonbirt variety having large, richly-coloured blotches on the sepals andlip. Three other fine flowers are sent. Cattleya Mendelii has the sepals and petals very prettily flushed with rose, and the front lobe of the lip brilliant purple-crimson. The size of the flower may be judged from the fact that the petals are three inches broad. Leelio-cattleya x Dora has the sepals and petals flushed with light salmon-colour, the throat of the lip deep yellow, and the front lobe a brilliant crimson edged with lilac. It is very beautiful. Lastly must be mentioned Paphiopedilum Xx _illustre (nitens X Lathamianum), a noble flower, with brightly-coloured villosum- like pétals, and the dorsal sepal with a very broad blackish purple median area, some yellowish green on either side, and a white margin three- quarters of an inch broad. The flowers are excellent in every respect, and the plants from which they were cut must have remarkably well grown. We hope some day to see this fine collection. May, 1¢04.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 157 ORCHIDS IN SEASON. A BEAUTIFUL three-flowered inflorescence of Lzlio-cattleya x Dominiana is sent from the collection of Sir James Miller, Bart., Manderston, Duns, N.B., by Mr. Hamilton. The flower is of excellent shape, and the sepals and petals are bright rosy purple, while the lip is of the richest purple- crimson imaginable. The parents, it is now scarcely necessary to add, are Lelia purpurata and Cattleya Dowiana, though, curiously enough, the parentage of the original form was long in doubt, owing to the loose way in which the records were kept in the early days of hybridisation. Several beautiful Orchids are sent from the collection of R. I. Measures, Esq., Cambridge Lodge, Camberwell. First may be mentioned two spikes of the brilliant Saccolabium ampullaceum, and Mr. Smith remarks that there are eight others still on the plant, which must have presented a fine sight. This species is certainly one of the gems of the genus when well- grown, as its compact habit and dense erect spikes of bright rose-purple flowers render it particularly effective. Cymbidium Devonianum is also flowering well, and a good spike is enclosed as a sample, together with a good spike of the beautiful and very fragrant Vanda suavis. Cattleya Mendelii selbornensis is a beautiful white form, with a small zone of light purple in front of the yellow disc. Lastly must be mentioned a photograph showing a very fine specimen of Miltonia flavescens, bearing no less than thirteen spikes and 113 flowers ; an excellent example of good culture. A very beautiful Odontoglossum is sent from the collection of John S. Moss, Esq., Wintershill Hall, Bishops Waltham, whose identity is some- what uncertain. Mr. Moss remarks :—‘‘ I should think myself it is O. x Adrianz crossed with xX Ruckerianum or X Wilckeanum,” and it is just one of those anomalous forms which makes one wish that our hybridists would turn their attention to the question. It bears a general resemblance to O. X Adriane throughout, and may be a fine form of it, but the flowers measure three inches across their broadest diameter. All the segments are prettily crisped, and tinged with light rose, with numerous small red spots on the sepals and lip, anda much smaller number on the petals. O. X Adriane recrossed with O. crispum might yield something of the kind, but it may be only a fine form of the latter. In any case it is very beautiful, and should be taken care of. Two pretty forms of Cattleya Mendelii are sent from the collection of J. H. Craven, Esq., Keighley, Yorks, by Mr. Corney. One is a pretty light blush variety, having a white lip with a light yellow disc. The other is a light rose flower, very prettily streaked with rose, especially on the petals, and the front of the lip darker. A good flower of Paphiopedilum hirsutissimum is also sent. 158 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [Mas, 1904- THE HYBRIDIST. LycasTE X GROGANII.—We have again received flowers of a very pretty yellow-flowered Lycaste from the collection of J. H. Grogan, Esq., Slaney Park, Baltinglass, Co. Wicklow (gr. Mr. W. F. Oliver), which was obtained by intercrossing L. aromatica and L. Deppei, and has flowered on two previous occasions. It is fairly intermediate in shape, being much Jarger than L. aromatica, which, however, it most resembles in colour, and in the shape of the sac of the lip, though the front lobe of the lip is longer than in that species. There is no trace of the L. Deppei spots, though there is a tinge of green about the ground colour. It is a handsome and free-flowering hybrid, and we are unable to identify it with any yellow- flowered kind yet described, though at least one of these is suspected to be of hybrid origin. It has been crossed with L. Skinneri, and the seed is mow sown both of this and of the reverse cross. L#LIO-CATTLEYA X RoOCKSAND.—This isa very pretty Lelio-cattleya sent from the collection of Sir James Miller, Bart., Manderston, Duns, N.B., by Mr. Hamilton. It is said to have been obtained from Messrs. Sander and Sons, of Bruges, and to have been raised from Cattleya x Schroeder xX Lelia grandis, and it shows the influence of the last rare species very clearly in the somewhat undulate petals, and some purple veining on the lip. The prevailing colour is a very light rosy purple, with a darker ‘blotch on the front of the lip. In its broader segments it approaches the Cattleya parent in shape, and in the pseudobulbs it is also said to resemble this species. The plant is hardly fully developed at present. CHLORAZA INCISA. ABOUT a year ago we gave a note respecting three species of Chlorea which were collected by H. J. Elwes, Esq., during his recent trip to Chili, cand flowered in the Kew collection. It is interesting to note that Mr. Elwes has now flowered an additional species, namely C. incisa, of which dried specimens were also collected by him. The species was described and figured nearly seventy years ago (Papp. & Endl. Nov. Gen. et Sp., 1., p. 31, t. 54), ibut does not seem to have been previously cultivated. It isa striking plant, nearly allied to C. crispa, but has smaller flowers, which are white, marked with green. The plant grows from two to three feet high, and produces ‘scapes of eight or nine flowers. The sepals are oblong, obtuse, 14 inches long, and the lateral pair bear on their face near the apex a series of green appendages, rather smaller than those found on the lip. The petals are broader, an inch Jong, and are studded with rows of green papille from middle to base. The lip is broadly ovate, obtuse, and obscurely trilobed, a May, 1504 ] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 159 with a toothed or fimbriate margin, while nearly the whole surface is covered with long filiform appendages tipped with green at the apex. Just at the base of the lip, however, these appendages are replaced by seven narrow slightly undulate keels, the edge alone being green. It is a very striking member of a genus too seldom seen in gardens. It may be added that a monograph of the genus has just been completed by Dr. Kranzlin, who enumerates over eighty species. It is interesting to note that two plants of the handsome Chlorza virescens have again flowered at Kew, producing three spikes of flowers. They have been grown with other terrerstrial species in a cool bulb pit, and seem to succeed well under the usual treatment given to such plants. The very fleshy roots are remarkable. R. A. ROLFE. NOTES. Two meetings of the Royal Horticultural Society will be held at the Drill Hall, Buckingham Gate, Westminster, during May, on the 3rd and 17th, when the Orchid Committee will meet at the usual hour, 12 o’clock noon. The Great Annual Flower Show will be held in the Middle Temple . Gardens, Thames Embankment, on Tuesday, May 31st, and two following days. Cups and Medals will be awarded, as usual, according to merit. The Orchid Committee will meet at 11.30 a.m. on the opening day. The next meeting of the Manchester and North of England Orchid Society will be held on Friday, May 13th, on which date the Annual General Meeting will also be held. The Committee meets at noon, and the exhibits are open to inspection from I to 3 p.m. A remarkable form of Odontoglossum X loochristiense is sent from the collection of W. Thompson, Esq., Walton Grange, Stone, by Mr. Stevens. The spike is 3} feet long and bears thirteen flowers, which are much spotted on the petals. Curiously enough these spots increase in number and decrease in size upwards, being very numerous on the upper flowers. It may be called var. punctatissimum. O. crispum Annie is also enclosed, now very finely developed. A flower of the charming little Cypripedium xX Wellesleyanum, to which an Award of Merit was given by the R.H.S. on April rgth, is sent from the collection of Francis Wellesley, Esq., Westfield, Woking (gr. Mr. Hopkins). In colour it most resembles C. concolor, but the segments are unusually broad, hence it has been suspected to be a natural hybrid between that species and C. bellatulum. 160 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [May, 1904. ORCHID PORTRAITS. CATTLEYA SCHREDERZ.—Journ. Hort., 1904, i, pp. 356, 357, with fig. CYNORCHIS PURPURASCENS.—Gard. Chron., 1904, i, p. 227, fig. 95. CYPRIPEDIUM X EURYADES EXCELLENS.—Gard. Mag., 1904, p. 255, with fig. DENDROBIUM X MELANODISCUS VAR. GLORIOSUM.—Gard. Chron., 1904, i, p. 219, fig. 92 DENDROBIUM X SyBIL.—Gard. World, 1904, p. 319, with fig. DENDROBIUM X THWAITESI2.—Gard. Mag., 1904, p. 273, with fig. VEITCH’s VAR.—Gard. Chron., 1904, i, p. 274, fig. 118. DENDROBIUM THYRSIFLORUM.—Journ. Hort., 1904, 1, p. 313, with fig. DENDROBIUM WARDIANUM.—Garden, 1904, i, p. 287, with fig. Dipopium pictuM, Rchb. f.—Bot. Mag., t. 7951. L#LIO-CATTLEYA X DIGBYANO-TRIAN&E..—fourn. Hort., 1904, 1, pp- 290, 291, with fig. ODONTOGLOSSUM X ARDENTISSIMUM COOKSON2.—Gard. Chron., 1904, 5 Po 260, Tp. 254. ODONTOGLOSSUM CIRRHOSUM PITT’s VAR.—Garden, 1904, 1, p. 275, with » fig. ODONTOGLOSSUM CRISPUM KINLESIDEANUM.—Gard. Mag., 1904, p- 308, with fig. ODONTOGLOSSUM PESCATOREI KATHLEEN.—Gard. Chron., 1904, i, p. 228, fig. 6. Puaius Humecortir ALBus.—Gard. World, 1904, pp. 359, 361, with fig. VANDA AMESIANA.—Journ. Hort., 1904, 1, pp. 313, 315, with fig. CORRESPONDENCE. (Corr nego 06 not answered sds may find Mi snag to their apse on other Fenets and tn some cases, for us reasons, they may have to stand over fora future tssue. In ase of hybrid seedlings po Sor name, the par a and history should — be briefly ssid, ee without these details we are not always able to deal with them satisfactorily, ) - You are right in supposing that the two inl Sas deed ae turned up among imported O. crispum = forms nderson oO. nusual in its broad short lip, and appears to be sadorained, and 2 isa pose peniels of the variety Ruckerianum. They should be reales care of. -G. Cockroaches are chiefly scumurmeriey in the Warm house, but should be kept down oa all costs. Jars containing ed and beer often capture many, and what we believe to be an excellent remedy is adv meriny in our pages a We think this form closely resembles Cattleya Mendelii leucochilum. W.B. Oncidium graminifolium and Pleurothallis longissima. R.N.H. Oncidium leucochilum, one of the prettiest species in the genus, and worth taking care of. I.B. Stelis tristyla and Epidendrum ionosmum Photographs received with thanks.—J.S., De B. Cat i Wa tS, be & 4. We hope to receive the photograph. IDEAS ee aan a ea ana aie Mi ach chi aes ik aight a Nas eg SA MURRAY'S PATENT ORCHID STAND. If you want to grow Orchids to perfection and for profit “Try a few on Stands.” Pronounced by most of the leading Orchid Growers to be perfection. MILLIONS SOLD. ee by William arn: late Orchid to:N. C.C n, Esq. ; now wit the "Briteh American. W ell Works, 145, ueen Victoria Street, London, E.C Price List containing full information from The UWnited. Wire Works, Ltd., NEWCASTLE-ON-TYNE. ORCHIDS. __ ORCHIDS. NSPECTION of our fin e and varied Stock =i erincog S, and new range of ORCHID SES, is respectfully invited. Rare and Choice ps eperirareae Cendrobiums, &c. a speciality. DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUES POST FREE. A.J. KEELING & SONS. Orchid Growers & Fmporters, THE GRANGE NURSERIES, Westgate Hill, Bradford, Yorks. H. A. BURBERRY'S system of personally Giving Ad- vice and Demonstrating Methods of Orchid Cultivation insures suc- cess and satisfaction. entleman says: ‘‘I epee: your visit has been worth £100 to m All desirous of neving the benefit of his long exper in matters affecting the wellare "Of athe Orchids, should saeco ese with him, and he will be glad wait on them when in the Acinity, at a very small fee. attends Orchid Sales, and will be pleased to receive com- missions to buy for those who cannot attend. Ethel House, King’s Heath BIRMINGHAM. SAN DER’S ORCHID GUIDE ALL THE BRST KNOWN SPECIES AND ES OF ORCHIDS WW ‘CULTIVATION. Their native countries ptions of the plants and flowers, season of fic pweri ine, hess method of cultiva- tion, temperatures, watering, potting, ventilation, &c ADDRESS: Concise, wigyrae onpeaerins & useful, NAMES and pe NTAG ES he all the KNOWN HYBRID ORCHIDS, Arranged in tabular, — etical form so that all Hybrids derived from each species or hybrid a be ascertained at a glance 30 pages, ‘strongly bound. oer alike to —— > Expert. THE preg se Bringing va Can be ha ana in \ or r separate in rae in. SANDER & “SONS, ST. ALBANS. wk bbe work up-to- vith the Guide, s. 6d. fom oy o @ OnCMIDS. Those especially who contemplate forming a Collection would profit by consulting STANLEY, ASHTON & Co., SOUTHGATE, LONDON, N., whose advice and plants would be found equally good. ORCHIDS. As we are receiving at short intervals importations of ORCHIDS IN VARIETY, we shall be pleased to quote particulars on application. CATTLEYA LABIATA just arrived. Apply for Catalogue of Established Orchids. HOOL mY BROS., mporters and Growe BITTERNE PA RK, SOU THA MPTON. ODONTOGLOSSUM CRISPUM, Choice of Fine Varieties. Selected O. crispum, with large and round flowers for Exhibition purposes. IMPORTER and FL. CLAES, ™?°""2i23‘n. 63 Rue des Champs, (End of Avenue. d’'Auderghem), ETTERBEEK, BRUSSELS. EAST INDIAN ORCHIDS. DELIVERED TO ANY ADDRESS. WHOLESALE OR RETAIL. Price List on application to S. P. CHATTERJEE, Victoria Nursery, CALCUTTA. ORCHID PEAT. FINEST QUALITY IN ENGLAND. Selected Sample; Solid Fibre; Three Bushel Bag 10/-. PEAT DUST for Azaleas, &c., 3s. per bag. SAMPLE AND TESTIMONIAL ON APPLICATION. A. MAPLES, Raniaoss, SHEFFIELD. BEETLECUTE (Supplied to H.M. Govt.) The only safe infallible exterminator of BEETLES, ANTS, COCKROACHES, WOODLICE, Etc., however numerous Medal of the Re oyal Ff Septe arn 1908, Silver Medal of Royal Botanic Soc., London, M: arch, 19 E isa Faso! these insects eat aaals If ed fo ne nights without intermission they will be entirely snniilate. ONOUS TO HUMAN BEINGS & ANIMALS. Tins, ‘a is, and 2s.6d. Fil Sold Everywhere VALLS & CO., 16 Coleman Street, London, B.C d Bellows, is: PARISIAN BLINDS R ORCHID HOUSES. oad over 50 PRIZE MEDALS). Send ion Particelins. Price List, and Testimonials to W. RICHARDSON & Co., Horticultural —* DARLGtOn. Mention Orchid Review when app (Contractors for the new Glass-houses at FR a S. Gardens, Wisley). imperishable Horticultural Paints, INVALUABLE FOR ORCHID HOUSES AND CONSERVATORIES GENERALLY, Patented in 44 a9 Patented in All Countries. 8 All Countries. Absolutely Unequalled in Appearance, Easy Working, Permanence and Economy. These Paints have been pe nea pos the New Roya! Horticultural So The LUBROSE PAINT Go, C'*2:22"" ~) Moorgate Station Chambers, E.C. PATENT FAST-DYED a fs Gay KHAKI COTTON NETTING. 22° y 2 S = For Shading Orchid and other Greenhouses. By | Ne ABSOLUTELY FAST. WELL SHRUNE. THE GLASS spoiler ar sraseroinsaagen STAINING. Price Lists ail | Partons 3 Free on application to— (RD k | SPINNER & Co., ccawen Bo | 7 B58 ; MANCHESTER & BOMBAY. Mop ETS B F CONTRACTORS TO H.M. WAR OFFICE & INDIA OFFICE. RED TRADE NOTICE, TO RAADLARS. OF: THE ORCHID REVIEW A Notice of the Orchid Stud-Book appeared in our December issue. This work has been compiled, upon a uniform plan, up to the end of 1903, giving the name, parentage, raiser or exhibitor, and date of appearance, with references to descriptions and figures, and other matters, and will be published as soon as possible. It is intended to continue the records monthly in the OrcHip Review, as far as possible on the same system, thus giving a ready means of reference to existing hybrids, and, we hope, a means of checking the growing confusion into which the subject has fallen. Full details appeared in our March issue. GROSS’S SPECIALITIES FOR THE GARDEN. CROSS’S VAPORISER (NICOTINE FUMIGATING COMPOUND). 16s. per pint (equal vis 40,000 Cubic Feet), A Reduction of 20 per cent. on the current price. No.1 Size—1 Pint Bottle, conta en Ligud for hic 000 wenn feet ue 16/- each. No, 2 size—4 0,000 - hi 2 M6 e No. 3 Size—6oz. 23 fn MS thas. ty ce ey re ue 5/3 No. 4 Size—4 ,, % 4 e 8:000 = o A! 4s a 3/6 No. 5 Size—2 ,, wu! 4,000 be nas 1/8 Vv aporising Fumig ator pone size, for 2, 000 cubic fi et 1/9 each. Large size, for 5,000 2/6 CROSSS GARDEN FERTILIZER. CLUBICI DE. 1 cwt., 16/- ; 56Ib aie 28lb., 5/- ; 141b., 3/- ; 7ib., 2/- ; 3lb., 1/3- geod poaetciye and Soil Purifier. Destroys all ground In Canisters, 6d., 1/- anc d 2/6 eac ch. ver x " cROSS’S ORGARIO GUANO. 14/- per cwt. 7" ibe eaiiadk carriage paid. One gallon will make 2,000 LUNT'S CHRYSANTHEMUM MANURE. atoms O& scistion. ING ALLIKI NRAIN ANT DESTROYER. FOR POTT B 20/- = cv esa 11/-5 ica alf cv e é/- oe ‘qui arter cwt. (carriage 2/6 and 2/6 per oc aid). n small Bags, 14 3/6; 71b., 2 In Tins, 6a te and 2/6 each. re CROSS’S MILDEW & INSECT DESTROYER. Quantities of 1 cwt. and over carriage paid. 10/6 per gallon, nie per pint, carriage paid. LUNT'S CHEMICAL MIXTURE. NECROS VAPORISING POWDERS. For developing Chrys: inthemum 4 nd other flowers. This is (Generates tie! rag Gas.) a purely solubl of . — valuable nature and | No. | set equal to 15 ,000 cubic feet, 3/-. oer ‘be applied in water ; -cted. Fullinstructions | No et, equal to 7,500 cubic feet, 4/-. en with each package ps Tins at 1/-. 2/6 and 5/6 each. | Apparatus, 2/6 each. TO BE HAD OF ALL NURSERYMEN AND SEEDSMEN, OR FROM ALEXANDER CROSS & SONS, Ltd., 19 HOPE STREET, GLASGOW, & 79 MARK LANE, LONDON, ORGHIDS A SPECIALITY. Messrs. Charlesworth & Co. Heaton, BRADFORD, Have a large and fine stock of established and imported ORCHIDS. INSPECTION INVITED. By Special Appointment to His Majesty the King ORCHIDS! ORCHIDS ! QUANTITY IMMENSE. Inspection of our New Range of Houses IS CORDIALLY INVITED BY HUGH LOW & 60. BUSH HILL PARK, Mi DDLBES Ez. ORCHIDS. Clean, aorta well- "grown — at Ligoeeomane i m rare varieties. CHOICE DENDROBES A SPECIALITY. Please write for List. JAMES CYPHER, E x0 TIC NURSERIES, CHELTENHAM. RCHID FOREMAN, Young Man seeks above; twelve years’ experience, last eight in Orchids ; good references. PLUMER, Amwe Lt ScHooL, Ware, HERTS. OREMAN or ORCHID GROWER.— Age 28; total abstainer; experienced in Orchids, Fruit, Chrysanthemums, and Malmaisons. Holder of Royal Horticultural Society’s Certificates. Excellent testimonials from first-class establishments.— C R., 28 CoTTace Grove, SURBITON. age situation as 27.— J. WEEKS-& CO.; -Lta. borticultural Builders To His Majesty, H.R.H. the Prince of Wales, H.M. Government, Dept., Royal Hort. arks and Public Buildings. enrages ee ”” LONDON. Patentees of the Duplex Upright T Tubular Boilers, KING’S ROAD, CHELSEA, S.W. MANCHESTER & NORTH OF ENGLAND Orcbid Society. HeapquartTERS: THE COAL EXCHANGE, MARKET PLACE, MANCHESTER. The next MEETING of the rigging ules fo irpose of adju peanggtne upon the Orchi submitted will be held on y 13th, 1904, at 12 o’clock m8 mpt. Open to deanibiars from 3 oO oe ck p.t he Annual General Meeting will | held in Fee aft ernoon of the same date. VEATHERS, Hon. Sec. Botanical Gardens, Manchester. ORCHID HOUSES A OPERA Y. FOR Conservatories, Orchid Houses, Ferneries, Cucumber and Melon Houses, Vineries, ete. GRISPIN’S, {Fe ea (ff, y —_=-~ le ye oe \ Kf FOR All Classes of Hot Water Boilers and Heating Apparatus. 3 Printed by R. W. Simpson & Co., Ltd. Richmond Press, Sheen Road, Richmond, Surrey. % Subscriptions for 1904 are now due. VoL. XII.] JUNE, 1904. [No. 138. THE ORCHID REVIEW: Bln Juustrated ee sedan of Orchidology. Contents. PAGE PAGE Amateur’s Collection ‘ ee xe AOS | Odontoglossums, natural hybrid ... (el ZO Calendar of ee for Tone w3 aa. ROO | Odontoglossum X przevisum ... foe 276 Correspondence ..» 192 | Orchid Portraits ie ie vies ev $e Cymbidium Paatehii var. Sander Pere 2 | Orchids at K F ss fax. EOD Cypripedium ages xX macranthos .... 185 | Orchids at Oz cates lie. 209) me sheet ERT Dies Orchidia ‘ » 161 | Orchids from Walton oo boc pot sey Hybridist... ie ... 189 | Orchids in season ... : cr i «TOO Odontioda x Wiiylotekes ni ... 189 | Sobralia Ruckeri ... wa a rota ts Leaf-mould for Orchids... ot »-- 164 | Societies ar ae ae os ee 5 Notes vei a os oe +» 191 , Manchester & North of England Orchid 174 Odontoglossum crispum De Barri (fig. 28) 169 | Royal Botanical & Horticultural win? EPS Odontoglossum xX waltonense rosefieldi- | Royal Horticultural : : 7 396 ense (fig. 27 ... 168 | Temple Shov 7 se pans 36 Odontoglossums free Rosefield . ee 268 | PRICE SIXPENCE MONTHLY. Post Free 7/- per ANNUM—SEE OVERLEAF. SANDER. G OUND, Ko. Largest Importers and Growers of Orchids in the World. . } ROYAL WARRANT HOLDERS TO THE KING. William Bull & Sons WORLD-RENOWNED ORCHIDS. HYBRID, .BSTABLISHED AND IMPORTED. We cordially invite inspection of our new Orchid Houses. Catalogue free on application, KING’S ROAD, CHELSEA, LONDON. NOTICES, The ORCHID REVIEW is published ries at the ee of each month price 6d, net. Annual Subscription, post free, 7/-, payable in adva The Editor invites communications on intere sti ng subjects (which should be written on one side of the paper euly) also portraits, &c., of rarit All Subscriptions, Advertisements, Communications and Books for review, should be addressed :—-The Epiror oF THE ORCHID REVIEW, Lawn Crescent, Kew Cheques and Postal Orders (sent as above) should be made payable to FRANK LEsLig & Co., and, to ensure safety in transit, should be crossed ‘* & Co. 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MARSHALL Ota Award of Merit from the Royal Horticultural Society, September 15th, 4 Price 38. 6d. cach; 3868, per dozen. DELIVERY IN APRIL, 1904. LTD., a = CHELSEA, S.W. Lament: | | tee OKCHID. REVIEW. VoL. XII.] JUNE, 1904. [No. 138. DIES ORCHIDIANI. AT last the remarkable Cymbidium rhodochilum has flowered in another collection, a beautiful specimen being exhibited by Dr. Hodgkinson, The Grange, Wilmslow, at the meeting of the Manchester and North of England Orchid Society, held on May 13th, when it received a First-class Certificate. I believe this is the first time it has been exhibited. It has twice flowered at Kew, but I have not heard of its flowering elsewhere ; though a few other plants are known to be in existence. ‘I wonder what use the hybridist will be able to make of it.” I made this remark when commenting on its appearance two years ago (vol. x., p. 192), and it will be interesting to hear the results of any experiments that have been made. It is a remarkable plant, and quite unlike any other cultivated species, as may be inferred from its name, which was very happily chosen. Its history has been given in these pages (vol. ix., p. 10; x., p. 184), and those who can refer to the Botanical Magazine will find it well depicted at plates 7932, 7933- At the R.H.S. meeting held on May 17th two beautiful forms of Odontoglossum crispum were exhibited under the names of O.c. xanthotes Burford var., and QO. c. x. Snow Queen. A short time previously appeared O. c. x. Cooksoniz, and two years earlier O.c. x. Gratrix’s var., while in 1899 we had O. c. x. Brooman White's var. The varietal name xanthotes was given over ten years ago to distinguish a particular form in which the spots were yellow, and it is said that all the later forms differ from it, yet all have yellow spots. But I would ask whether such sesquipedalian names are really necessary ? If the forms are distinct from O. c. xanthotes, and must have distinguishing varietal names, I think the word xanthotes should be dropped out. We are getting too many long names, and there will soon be neither time nor space to record them. 161 162 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [JUNE, 1904. The Temple Show furnishes another remarkable example of progress in hybridisation, and once more from the establishment of M. Ch. Vuylsteke, of Loochristi. This exhibitor sent a very handsome hybrid between Odontoglossum Pescatorei and Cochlioda Neetzliana, in which, curiously enough, the shape of the Odontoglossum was largely reproduced, but the colour was a remarkable combination of shades of rose and salmon red, with some cream colour on the lip. It was the sensation of the show, and received a First-class Certificate, to which the Council afterwards added the rare honour of a Silver-gilt Lindley Medal—‘“‘ for progress,’ I think it might be defined. In any case it was highly appropriate, for the award was to be given preferentially for ‘‘ excellence in cultivation,” and it is probably ~ this more than anything else which has enabled M. Vuylsteke to overcome the difficulties of bringing seedling Odontoglossums through their early stages that has contributed so much to his success. I am forgetting the name given, which was Odontioda X Vuylstekez, the useful plan of com- pounding a generic name from that of its two parents having been followed. M. Vuylsteke had a few other seedling Odontoglossums, two of which received Awards of Merit, and two others could not have been overlooked a very few years ago. It is rather curious that one of the reputed parents should itself have been the sensation of the Temple Show in 1902, from which it may be inferred that the plant had flowered previously, and it is rather curious that so remarkable a hybrid had not been heard of previously. I allude to O. X ardentissimum, as it now seems to be called, though according to the records it is a variety of O. X armainvillierense. A few other novelties were scattered about, and I could not help think- ing what a pity it was that such plants could not be staged separately. As it was, it was almost impossible not to overlook some of them, especially in view of the fact that the tents were crowded, in spite of a soaking wet day. | As to the display of Orchids generally it was remarkably fine, a con- dition of things which we now associate with the Temple Show as a matter of course. One can say little that is new about it, for the conditions remain much the same year by year, unless the weather varies them some- what. It was, however, a pleasant surprise to see again a magnificent group from the veteran exhibitor, Baron Schréder. But I have no time for further notes, as the Show opened on the last day of the month, and there is only time for a hasty look round. ARGUS. JUNE, 1904.| THE ORCHID REVIEW. 163 CYMBIDIUM PARISHII VAR. SANDER. At the Royal Horticultural Society’s meeting held on May 17th lasta handsome Cymbidium was exhibited by Messrs. Sander and Sons, St. Albans, under the name of Cymbidium Sander, n. sp., to which the Orchid Committee unanimously awarded a First-class Certificate. On being submitted to Kew I instantly recognised a form of the rare Cymbidium Parishii, Rchb. f., which seems to have been completely lost sight of for some years, and indeed never was common in cultivation. It was originally described in 1874 (Rchb. f. in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxx., p. 144), and first flowered in cultivation four years later (Gard. Chron., 1878, ii., p. 74). Its early history was given by its discoverer, the Rev. C. S. Parish, as follows :—’ : ‘This was one of my earliest discoveries, having been found by me during my long journey in the distant jungles in 1859. On the same occasion I discovered Dendrobium crassinode and several other good things, but I was so bewildered then at the number of novelties of all kinds that I did not know what to choose, as I could not carry everything. I gathered then a fair quantity of Cymbidium Parishii and of D. crassinode; I sent them, with many other valuable things, to Mr. Low, the father, with one box meant for Kew; but all (six large cases full!) were sunk in the Ganges. It ‘was a cruel disappointment, as it was my first collection, a most valuable one; many ofthe plants I have never met with again. The single plants kept by meto grow died. Hence I lost sight of these two plants for many years.” Other plants of the Cymbidium, however, appear to have been subse- quently obtained, for there is a dried specimen at Kew, and on the ticket is written—“ Flowered in my garden in 1867 or 8,” and also a note that plants were sent to Kew and to Mr. Low. In June, 1878, it flowered in Europe for the first time, ia the collections of W. Leech, Esq., Fallowfield, Manchester ; J. Day, Esq., of Tottenham; and with Mr. B. S. Williams. ‘The Fallowfield plant, according to Mr. Swan, produced two spikes, and he added: ‘I may say that it is a most beautiful thing, fully answering to ‘the description I had with it; and that it succeeds well in the Cattleya house, giving it in the growing season very copious supplies of water.” Mr. Day made an excellent painting of it, and wrote as follows :—‘‘ This lovely Cymbidium is at last in flower, and for the first time in Europe. I bought the plant of Messrs. Hugh Low and Co. in May, 1870, being part of the private collection made in Burmah by the Rev. Mr. Parish. He said it was a fine thing, superior even to C. eburneum, which as regards the colours of the lip it certainly is. The plant has been strong enough to flower for three or four years, and I have been disappointed every spring 164 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [JUNE, 1904. until now; but it is worth waiting for.”” Mr. Day’s plant is said to have been purchased by Mr. B. S. Williams for 100 guineas, and when it flowered again was figured in the Orchid Album, 1i., t. 25. In 1893 it was made a variety of Cymbidium eburneum (Veitch Man. Orch., ix., p. 15), but by this time it was little more than a tradition in gardens, and itis doubtful whether the original plants now exist. The re-appearance of the species in cultivation is interesting, though it comes from a new and distinct locality, and the plant exhibited has the blotches onthe lip more numerous than in the original ones, and partially confluent. The plant exhibited bore an inflorescence of four flowers, the colour being ivory white, with a pair of orange-coloured crests on the lip, a yellow area in front, and numerous large purple blotches nearer the margin. It is avery handsome species, andit is to be hoped that this time it will not be as quickly lost sight of. R. A. ROLFE. LEAF MOULD FOR ORCHIDS. WHEN writing on the above subject during the long winter evenings, that discussion of the same might be made before the New York Agricultural Society, it did not occur to me that such wide publicity would ensue as to be reprinted in the Orchid Review, or that the same would be favoured with an analysis by ‘‘ Argus.” In the light of these recent developments a little further light may perhaps be necessary to help define the position taken in “writing on this subject. It should first be «said that the remarks were made specially for cultivators here in the United States, and cannot apply in British gardens with proper or equal facility. The reason is plain, probably nine-tenths of all the Orchids grown here are watered with the hose-pipe ; skilled labour is very scarce, and, when found, is costly, so that in most places where Orchids are cultivated watering is done largely in a haphazard way, with no evil results if Osmunda fibre is used ; whereas if we had to use the water pot with the great amount of circumspection so ably depicted by Mr. J. Wilson Potter in his remarks at pp. 106-111, we should never get the work done, and in winter, when the intertors of glass roofs are often coated every night for weeks with a coating of ice, which sometimes remains there all day, the amount of drip which is inevitable with even the best construction would be fatal to all plants that were unfortunate enough to be beneath it. We found that when our collection of O. crispum were in leaf mould in -anorth house they did not need water all winter, neither did they make any growth, but since removing them to a house where the winter sun is available, watering about once a week, using the Cookson formula always in the water, the miserable scraps of two years ago are fine specimens now- hoes jee eee June, 1904.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 165 Many are the spikes that measure a yard in length, most bulbs produce two spikes, some three; even from the apex of the bulb sometimes we get a spike, and with this perfect sunning or maturation even the smallest bulbs the size of a hazel nut attempt to bloom. The majority of our plants are in five and six inch pots ; when repotting these will have to go into seven and eight inch pans, for this fibre being so indestructible and so permeated with roots, one cannot remove a particle of it except, perhaps, at the side where the old bulbs are. This may sound like ‘“ Yankee bluff,” but it is not ‘ bluff,” neither am I a “‘ Yankee,” but was probably the first one to use Polypodium fibre over twenty years ago, when living in Ireland, where one could tear off great mats of it from the trees as it luxuriated in that damp climate. There is a very clever cultivator of Orchids in England, an example of whose skill was depicted in The Orchid Review, vol. x. p- 201, a plant of O. crispum grown in leaf mould. This illustration induced me to try the leaf mould, and now, in the Gardener’s Chronicle April 2, 1904, p- 212, we are told by W.H.W.: ‘The Odontoglossums in another House were in fine con- dition. The plants are grown in a mixture of polypodium fibre and sphagnum moss, in fact, the majority of the plants at Westonbirt are being repotted into this mixture in preference to the Belgium leaf soil.”’ During the past month a collection of 300 Odontoglossums have been acquired. The plants were in every conceiveable material from Belgian leaf-soil, sphagnum, English peat, and Osmunda root, with various com- binations of these materials. The plants having the most live roots were in the Osmunda fibre, and it was noted also that the English peat and moss was next best. An excellent opportunity to judge was afforded, as each plant was carefully shaken out and repotted in our own way. I would like to make one comment on “ Argus’ ”’ criticism at p. 99 :— “The one point that is clear to me after a perusal of the article is that the ‘compost’ must be of the right mechanical composition, and that it must contain the necessary food. How the food is to be got there is a matter of secondary importance.’”’ Now, all will agree that the ‘“ mechanical com- position,” that is, a material not liable to become sour and inert, is what we want, but that the matter of how to get the food to the plants is of secondary import few will admit, although it is true that without the first the other is unattainable, but given an open, well aerated material, and the application of some plant food in solution at each watering—for all plant foods must be soluble before they become available—success is assured with the Epiphytal genera, such as Cattleyas and Odontoglossums. I wish it were possible for some of your readers to see our seedling Cattleyas and Lelias flourishing in half barrels—there were no pots large enough made. How would leaf-mould serve in a mass of a bushel or more? Yet we water _ these plants in tubs every week with the hose. 166 THE ORCHID: REVIEW. [JUNE, 19¢4. In conclusion let me presume to compliment Mr. Potter on his able exposition of the use of leaf soil, and the possible abuse of same, it seems to me this is the best and most instructive article yet written on this subject, which is of vital interest to all cultivators of Orchids. E. O. ORPET. South Lancaster, Mass., U.S.A. The following note from American Gardening (p. 321) Is interesting as showing that Orchids can be successfully grown in leaf-mould in America. It is accompanied by an illustration reproduced from a photograph. ‘*Mr. Rothwell’s gardener, Mr. Johansson, exhibited a well-flowered Odontoglossum Pescatorei, carrying a spike with 45 flowers, at a meeting of the Boston Gardeners’ and Florists’ Club on April 20th. The plant was grown in a 4-inch pot, grown in leaf mould for two years, surfaced with sphagnum moss. One crock was used for drainage. For comparison a plant of the same variety grown in fern fibre was shown. This carried only six flowers, although the bulb was equally as large as the one grown in leaf mould. It, however, had better roots, and possibly a year hence conditions may be reversed.” The plant showed excellent culture, and is very interesting at this particular time when such diverse views are expressed on this subject. Mr Johansson stated that the plant had not been fed at all. W. N. Craic. ORCHIDS AT KEW. Hand-List of Orchids cultivated in the Royal Botanical Gardens, Kew. Second edition. 12mo, pp THE collection of Orchids at Kew is well known to be a thoroughly representative one, and a glance through the second edition of the above- named list, which has just appeared, will furnish a better idea of its character than any number of statistics. In the preface, however, we are told that the collection now contains 220 genera and 1850 species including well-marked hybrids. The arrangement is alphabetical, and includes the name, authority, native country, and, when possible, a reference to a published figure; to give an example :—‘‘ ADA AURANTIACA, Lindl. Columbia. Bot. Mag. t. 5435-” It occupies 229 pages, but is printed on one side of the paper only. The re-construction of the houses is thus alluded to in the preface to the second edition :—‘‘ The Kew collection has much improved in health since the re-construction in 1898 of the houses (Nos. 13 and 14) accessible to the public. These were originally erected in 1868, and were 13 feet high. They have now been reduced to nine feet. This has the double advantage of bringing the plants more closely to the light as well as to the Bios. i Sea TT SE as ILS, OIE LS GRETA JUNE, 1904.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 167 eyes of visitors. The houses have also been divided into four compart- ments, the conditions of which vary in regard to temperature and atmos- pheric moisture. In 1go1 a small pit was adapted for the cultivation of Dendrobiums.” A few changes in nomenclature are alluded to, ‘the most important being the separation of species formerly included under Cattleya labiata, and the breaking up of the genus Cypripedium.” The result of this is that about forty species of Cattleya are enumerated, while the Tropical Asian Cypripediums are transferred to Paphiopedilum, and. the Tropical American to Phragmopedilum. The tall, reed-like plants to which the name Selenipedium properly belongs are not in cultivation. The collection of Masdevallias is remarkably rich, over eighty species being enumerated, and several hybrids; while of botanical Orchids generally it may be said that their name is legion. The work is sold at the Royal Gardens, Kew, price 8d., or may be had from the Curator, Mr. W. Watson, post free, rod. ORCHIDS FROM WALTON GRANGE, A NUMBER of most interesting Orchids are sent from the collection of W. Thompson, Esq., Walton Grange, Stone, by Mr. Stevens. There are flowers of ten different seedlings of Odontoglossum Pescatorei, for such they must be called, though they are the result of a supposed cross with O. cirrhosum, which, however, we think must have been ineffective, for we cannot find a trace of cirrhosum influence anywhere. . The shape is typical Pescatorei, but there is a considerable variation in size. The colour also varies somewhat, some forms being tinged with rose, chiefly on the sepals, and others quite white, while some have a few purple spots, and others are quite unspotted. Four of them have branched inflorescences, and one bears as many as twenty-two flowers. Mr. Stevens remarks that some of them have been out at least three months. Several beautiful Dendrobiums are also sent, these including D. nobile nobilius, D. n. Sanderianum, with smaller very dark flowers, D. n. pulcher- rimum, a large D. n. Heathii, D. n. Ashworthie, a beautiful white form with purple tips to the segments, and the chaste D. n. album, smaller than D.n.virginale. The others are D. x Ainsworthii Leechianum, the fine light rose D. x A. Thompson’s var., the natural hybrid D. x Pitcherianum, D. X Backhousei, now believed to have originated from the same cross as D. X Wiganiz, from which it can hardly be distinguished, and a very beautiful form of D. x Rubens, obtained by crossing D. x Ainsworthii splendidissimum with D. nobile nobilius. It has very broad rosy segments and a well-shaped lip. 1638 THE ORCHID REVIEW. JUNE, 1904. ODONTOGLOSSUMS FROM ROSEFIELD. yresent two handsome Odontoglossums from the THE annexed figures re] collection of De Barri Crawshay, Esq., Rosefield, Sevenoaks (gr. Mr. hotographs kindly sent by Mr. Stables), which are reproduced from p Crawshay. Horticultural Society. is XW which was anthum 3, and was exhibited at a meeting of t 30th have been exhibited at meetings of the Royal The photos were taken by Messrs. Emberson & Sons, Cheapside. s a handsome hybrid, —s "ALTONENSE ROSEFIELDIENSE (fig... 27) raised in the collection, from O. crispum 1e R.H.S. on March 8th @ and O. polyx- — Fic. 27. O. X WALTONENSE ROSEFIELDIENSE. last, and again a fortnight later, when it received an Award of Merit, It differs from the type, which recorded at pp. 115, 117. having the s and figured at page 49 of our last volume, in blotched with brown, as well as the lip, in which respect influence of the pollen parent. There are also some differences i shape. The ground colour is light canary-yel It is a very distinct and handsome hybrid, and one which cannot occur in a wild state, owing to the fact that the parent species grow in quite different —" L of the ow, with the omy districts. was described sepals distinctly it shows more blotches brown. JUNE, 1904.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 169 O. crIspUM De Barri (Fig. 28) is a handsome form of this popular species, which was exhibited, together with the preceding, at the R.H.S. meeting on March 8th. As the illustration shows, it is a fine form of good shape, bearing a cluster of blotches on the centre of each segment. The ground colour is suffused with light rose, much deeper on the back of the flowers, and the blotches are reddish purple. The sepals and petals are very broad, and prettily undulate, giving the flower that round appearance which is so much appreciated by connoisseurs, and the blotches have a curious tendency to be divided more or less completely by a longitudinal Fic. 28. O. crisPpUM DE BaARRI. line. It is curious that among the multitude of blotched crispums which have appeared, scarcely any two are exactly alike in the arrangement of the markings, in consequence of which a very large number of individual forms have received distinctive varietal names. It has long been a debated point whether some of these forms may not have hybrid blood in them, and it is to be hoped that some of the secondary hybrids which are now being raised will throw some light on this question. It would be a very interesting Matter to have this point cleared up. 170 THE ORCHID REVIEW. (JUNE, 1904. SOCIETIES. ROYAL HORTICULTURAL. A MEETING of this Society was held at the Drill Hall, Buckingham Gate, Westminster, on May 3rd, when there was a very fine display of Orchids, and both plants and visitors were uncomfortably crowded. N. C. Cookson, Esq., Oakwood, Wylam-on-Tyne (gr. Mr. Chapman), staged a choice group, which gained a Silver-gilt Flora Medal. It con- tained a beautiful series of hybrid Phaius, one form of P. X Phoebe being particularly handsome; Cypripedium Lawrenceanum Hyeanum, a seedling raised in the collection and very robust, Cattleya oakwoodiensis (C. X Wm. Murray X Mendelii),a very handsome hybrid, C. x Jupiter Oakwood var., and some fine forms of Odontoglossum crispum, including O. c. Norman, O. c. Sibyl, O. c. Chapmanii, O. c. xanthotes Cooksone, and O. c. Olive, the latter receiving an Award of Merit. It is of good shape and very richly coloured, the greater part of each segment being taken up with reddish claret blotches, and strongly suffused with purple behind. H. T. Pitt, Esq., Rosslyn, Stamford Hill (gr. Mr. Thurgood), also gained a Silver Flora Medal for a fine group, consisting principally of Odonto- glossums, together with two fine specimens of Oncidium phymatochilum, O. leucochilum, O. concolor, Vanda Denisoniana with two racemes, Cattleya intermedia Parthenia, Anguloa uniflora, the interesting Bulbophyllum barbigerum, and some showy Cattleyas and Cypripediums. Noteworthy among the Odontoglossums were O. X Wilckeanum Pittiz, shown in superb condition, and bearing a raceme of sixteen enormous flowers. A Cultural Commendation was deservedly awarded. There were also many good forms of O. crispum, a richly-coloured O. maculatum, and others. J. Bradshaw, Esq., The Grange, Southgate (gr. Mr. Whitelegge), staged an excellent group, which gained a Silver Flora Medal. It contained some finely grown Lycaste Skinneri, L. x Balliz with eight flowers, the interest- ing L. gigantea, Cymbidium Lowianum concolor, Oncidium Marshallianum, Cattleya Lawrenceana with twelve flowers, C. intermedia alba, some good C. Mendelii and C. Schroedere, the chaste C. S. alba bearing a four- flowered spike, Lelio-cattleya Lucasiana, L.-c. X Ingramii, good forms of Odontoglossum crispum, &c. H. S. Goodson, Esq., Fairlawn, West Hill, Putney (gr. Mr. Day), also obtained a Silver Flora Medal for a fine and varied group. It contained a good series of Dendrobium Wardianum, D. nobile, D. X Ainsworthii, D. crassinode, D. Jamesianum, Cattleya citrina, C. Mendelii H. S. Goodson, and other showy forms, Lelia harpophylla and L. purpurata, Oncidium concolor, Lzlio-cattleya x Lucia H. S. Goodson, Epidendrum radicans and E. X O’Brienianum, good Odontoglossums, &c. Jung, 1504.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 171 W. Thompson, Esq,, Walton Grange, Stone (gr. Mr. Stevens), showed Odontoglossum X Vuylstekei Thompson’s var.,a very dark form, and O. crispum Clio, the latter a fine rosy lilac form, with a very few cinnamon- brown blotches on the segments, which received an Award of Merit. Gurney Wilson, Esq., Glenthorpe, Hayward’s Heath, exhibited Odonto- glossum nebulosum Gurney Wilson, a very fine spotted form, which obtained an Award of Merit. H. L. Bischoffsheim, Esq., Warren House, Stanmore (gr. Mr. Ellis), sent good forms of Odontoglossum triumphans and Lelio-cattleya xX bletchleyensis. H. Druce, Esq., St. John’s Wood (gr. Mr. Walker), sent Cypripedium bellatulum nobilius, very heavily spotted, C. x Miss Daisy Druce (Chamberlainianum X concolor), a pretty form approaching the former in habit, and having greenish-white flowers, with some light purple lines on the dorsal sepal, the handsome C. X Mrs. H. Druce, and C. X Walker- ianum. The two latter were figured at pp. 359, 360 of our last volume. J. Gurney Fowler, Esq., South Woodford (gr. Mr. Davis), sent Cypripedium xX Mary Beatrice Queen of Ethiopia, a blackish purple form, and Cattleya x Alfred Fowler (granulosa X Triane), having cream-white sepals and petals tinged with lilac, and the front lobe of the lip crimson- purple. C. L. N. Ingram, Esq., Elstead House, Godalming (gr. Mr. Bond), sent Lelio-cattleya x splendens. Sir Trevor Lawrence, Bart., Burford, Dorking (gr. Mr. White), sent the remarkable peloriate Cattleya intermedia Aquinii, which was figured at page 73 of our eighth volume. C. J. Lucas, Esq., Warnham Court, Horsham (gr. Mr. Duncan), staged a small group of Odontoglossums, of which the central one was a very fine form of O. triumphans. Baron Sir H. Schréder, The Dell, Egham (gr. Mr. Ballantine), sent cut spikes of beautiful some Odontoglossums, among which O. Pescatorei Schroederianum was conspicuous, its flowers being prettily spotted with rose purple. Messrs. Charlesworth & Co., Heaton, Bradford, staged a fine group, which gained a Silver Flora Medal. It contained good examples of Lzlio- cattleya x Hyeana splendens, L.-c. X Wellsiana alba, L.-c. X Mercia, L.-c. x G, S. Ball, L.-c. xX Dora, L.-c. xX Digbyano-Mossiz, L.-c. X Digbyano-Schroedere, Cattleya X Enid, C. X Jupiter, a fine Odonto- glossum Harryanum, Spathoglottis Kimballiana, &c. Messrs. Sander and Sons, St. Albans, also received a Silver Flora Medal for an excellent group, containing numerous good Odontoglossums, Lycaste lasioglossa with eight flowers, Anguloa Clowesii, Cattleya intermedia alba 172 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [JUNE, 1904. and nivea, C. X suavis (Schroederce X Skinneri), Cypripedium * Amphion superbum (Harrisianum superbum X Lawrenceanum), Leelio-cattleya X Aphrodite, L.-c. x Martinetii, L.-c. x Henry Greenwood, and various other good things. Messrs. Stanley Ashton & Co., Southgate, also obtained a Silver Flora Medal for a beautiful group, containing some good Odontoglossum crispum, several fine examples of Oncidium varicosum Rogersii, Masdevallia X Pourbaixii, Cymbidium Lowianum concolor, &c. Messrs. Hugh Low and Co., Bush Hill Park, also staged a very pretty group, containing a very handsome Cattleya Triane, C. intermedia alba, €. Lawrenceanum, and other. good Cattleyas, Lycaste aromatica, Scaphosepalum ochthodes, Masdevallia Houtteana, Lelio-cattleya xX Mozart, some good Dendrobiums, &c. On May 17th there was againa fine display of Orchids, and the meeting was specially distinguished by the reappearance of the handsome Cymbidium Parishii, which, however, was at the time considered to be a new species. H. S. Goodson, Esq., Putney (gr. Mr. Day), again staged a beautiful group, which gained a Silver Flora Medal. The plants were well grown and flowered, a few of the more noteworthy being some good Odontoglossum crispum, O. X Andersonianum, and others, two good Phaius X Norman, Lalio-cattleya x highburiensis, several good Lalia x Latona, Cypripedium x Alfred Hollington, and others, also some showy Cattleyas, one form of C. Mossiz being particularly large and handsome. N.C. Cookson, Esq., Wylam (gr. Mr. Chapman), sent four very beautiful forms of Odontoglossum crispum, namely Ashworthianum, Raymond Crawshay, Grairianum, now greatly improved, and Harold, the latter gaining a First-class Certificate. It is of excellent form and substance, with red-brown spots on the sepals, the latter pair also marked by the presence of a rudimentary yellow crest on the adjacent basal angles. Sir Trevor Lawrence, Burford (gr. Mr. White), sent Odontoglossum crispum xanthotes Burford variety, and a cut example of Sobralia Ruckeri, the latter a large, deep rose-purple flower with a white throat, which gained a First-class Certificate. De Barri Crawshay, Esq., Sevenoaks (gr. Mr. Stables), exhibited Zygopetalum xX Sedeni rosefieldiense, and several beautiful varieties of Odontoglossum crispum, called Crawshayanum, Raymond Crawshay, Angel, and Theodora, the latter gaining the Award of Merit. It is a beautiful white form, tinged with purple at the back, and spotted with reddish purple on all the segments. H. Little, Esq., Twickenham (gr. Mr. Howard), received an Award of . ee ee es JUNE, 1904-] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 173 Merit for Lelia purpurata Baronshalt var., a beautiful white form, with the front lobe of the lip pale rosy lilac, and some purple lines on the yellow disc. H. T. Pitt, Esq., Stamford Hill (gr. Mr. Thurgood), sent a fine specimen of Cattleya intermedia Lowryana, with a slaty blue front lobe to the lip, and Odontoglossum crispum xanthotes Snow Queen, a beautiful white form blotched with orange yellow. . C. A. Morris Field, Esq., Sevenoaks (gr. Mr. Edwards), sent a well- flowered example of Dendrobium Devonianum. Captain G. L. Holford, C.I.E., Westonbirt (gr. Mr. Alexander), sent a well-flowered example of Odontoglossum x Hallio-crispum. C. J. Lucas, Esq., Warnham Court (gr. Mr. Duncan), sent Odonto- glossum crispum warnhamense, very prettily and evenly spotted with purple on all the segments. ; F. Wellesley, Esq., Woking (gr. Mr. Gilbert), staged a very pretty little group, containing Leelio-cattleya xX Vinesiz ignescens (L. tenebrosa X L.-c. x Phoebe), L.-c. xX Baldockiana exquisita (C. Gaskelliana xX L. cinnabarina), a pretty clear yellow hybrid, L.-c. x Lucia Westfield var., Lelia Xx cinnabrosa, the fine Cypripedium X Colossus, and C. xX Hopkinsianum (bellatulum xX Mastersianum),a pretty whitish flower tinged and thickly spotted with purple. Messrs. Sander & Sons, St. Albans, received a First-class Certificate for a handsome Cymbidium, called C. Sandere, which proves to be a variety of the very rare C. Parishii. A note appears on page 163. Messrs. James Veitch & Sons, Chelsea, staged a very beautiful group, which gained a Silver Flora Medal. It contained a number of good plants of Masdevallia Veitchiana and M. ignea, Oncidium Marshallianum, Dendrobium Bensone, D. thyrsiflorum, and other Dendrobes, some showy Cattleya Mossiz, Mendelii, and citrina, Lelia purpurata, several good Lelio-cattleya x Wellsiana, L.-c. x Daphne, L.-c. xX Ascania, L.-c. X Zephyra, L.-c. X Hyeana, Epidendrum X elegantulum, E. X O’Brienianum Cypripedium x Ajax (C. X Germinyanum xX Chamberlainianum), &c. Messrs. Hugh Low & Co., Bush Hill Park, gained a Silver Banksian Medal for a bright group, including some good Cattleya Mossiz, the variety Reineckeana being very beautiful, a well-flowered C. intermedia, C.. Skinneri with twenty flower spikes, some excellent forms of Lelia purpurata, Dendrobium Bensonz, and the unblotched variety xanthina, Lycaste aromatica, L. cochlearis, and other showy things. Messrs. William Cutbush & Son, Highgate, received a Botanical Certificate for the pretty little Cypripedium californicum. It has leafy stems, terminated by a raceme of six or seven yellowish flowers with a white lip. They also exhibited a number of hardy terrestrial Orchids, including several British species, in a group of Alpine plants, to which a. 174 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [JUNE, 1904. Silver Flora Medal was awarded by the Floral Committee. The remarkable Lizard Orchis, Orchis hircina, attracted much attention, and Cypripediums parviflorum, montanum, and spectabile were very beautiful. MANCHESTER AND NORTH OF ENGLAND ORCHID. A MEETING of this Society was held on April 15th, in conjunction with the Spring Show of the Royal Botanical and Horticultural Society of Manchester, when there was a very fine display of Orchids, and no less than twelve medals of different kinds were awarded. A. Warburton, Esq., Haslingden (gr. Mr. Bailey), received a Gold Medal for a very choice group, together with a First-class Certificate for Odontoglossum xX ardentissimum, Vine House var., and an Award of Merit for O. crispum Queen Alexandra. R. Ashworth, Esq., Newchurch (gr. ie Pidsley), received a Silver-gilt Medal for a fine group, with First-class Certificates for Odontoglossum crispum Carnusianum and Lelio-cattleya X G. S. Ball var. superba, and an Award of Merit for L.-c > Lucia superba. E. Ashworth, Esq., Wilmslow (gr. Mr. Holbrook), also gained a Silver-gilt Medal for a fine group, a First-class Certificate for Dendrobium x Apollo grandiflorum, and an Award of Merit for D. XxX Cybele Ashworthianum. S. Gratrix, Esq., Whalley Range (gr. Mr. G. Cypher), obtained a Bronze Medal for a small group, together with First-class Certificates for ‘Odontoglossum crispum Gratrixiz and O. c. Robsonianum. W. Thompson, Esq., Stone (gr. Mr. Stevens), received Awards of Merit for each of the three following :—Odontoglossum x _ waltonense, ‘O. sceptrum nobilior, and Mesospinidium vulcanicum. Interesting groups were also staged by W. Duckworth, Esq., Flixton (gr. Mr. Tindall), and E. Rogerson, Esq., West Didsbury (gr. Mr. Blomeley), in each case a Bronze Medal being awarded. Messrs. John Cowan & Co., Gateacre, staged a fine group, which gained a Silver-gilt Medal, and a First-class Certificate also went to Odonto- glossum X mirificum splendens. Messrs. Charlesworth & Co., Heaton, Bradford, and Messrs. J. Cypher & Sons, Cheltenham, also each received a Silver-gilt Medal for a fine group. Mr. S. Allen, Sale, and Mr. J. Robson, Altrincham, each received a Silver Medal for a good group of Orchids, while Messrs. Hugh Low Co., Enfield, received a Bronze Medal. Messrs Stanley, Ashton & Co., Southgate, received a Vote of Thanks for a small group, and an Award of Merit for the rare and pretty Mexican natural hybrid Odontoglossum x Duvivierianum. Mr. D. McLeod, Chorlton, received a. Vote of Thanks fora small group. JUNE, 1904.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 175 On May 13th there was again a very bright display, and the meeting was distinguished by the appearance of a plant of the handsome Cymbidium rhodochilum, to which a First-class Certificate was awarded. Dr. Hodgkinson, Wilmslow (gr. Mr. Woore), sent a plant of the remark- able Madagascar Cymbidium rhodochilum, to whicha First-class Certificate was awarded. Its history was given at page 184 of our tenth volume. N.C. Cookson, Esq., Wylam-on-Tyne (gr. Mr. Chapman), gained First- class Certificates for three beautiful varieties of Odontoglossum crispum, called Ashworthianum, Harold, and Raymond Crawshay. E. Rogerson, Esq., Didsbury (gr. Mr. Blomeley), staged a beautiful group, to which a Silver Medal was given. He also gained Awards of Merit for Leelia-cattleya x bletchleyensis excelsior and Odontoglossum crispum Stanley Rogerson. G. W. Law-Schofield, Esq., Rawtenstall (gr. Mr. Schill), received a Bronze Medal for a small group, and Awards of Merit for Odontoglossum Pescatorei Frances, O. crispum George W. Law, and O. c. Hon. Florence Brooks. M. Ch. Vuylsteke, Loochristi, Ghent, sent a few choice Odontoglossums, which received a Vote of Thanks, and Award of Merit.also going to Odonto- glossum X mirificum var. spectabile. Votes of thanks were also given to Messrs. James Cypher & Son, Chel- tenham, and Messrs. Hugh Low & Co., Enfield, for two very pretty groups. The Annual General Meeting was held on the same date, and it was shown that the Society was ina very satisfactory condition, the member- ship having increased during the year, and there being a substantial balance at the bankers. It was decided that in future the day of meeting shall be Thursday, such meetings to follow those of the Royal Horticultural Society held in London on Tuesday. MANCHESTER ROYAL BOTANICAL AND HORTICULTURAL. Tuer Annual Whitsuntide Show of this Society opened on May 21st, when there was a very good display of Orchids, though not equal to that of some former years, for which the coming Temple Show is believed to have been partly responsible. The prize for the best miscellaneous collection of Orchids in flower was won by E.Ashworth, Esq., Wilmslow (gr. Mr. Holbrook), witha very beautiful group, including a good example of Eriopsis rutidobulbon (Award of Merit), Dendrobium nobile macrophyllum (A.M.), Cattleya Skinneri, C. Mendelii Sanderi, Lzlio-cattleya x Phoebe, and many other fine things. The Hon. W. A. Bass, Burton-on-Trent (gr. Mr. Nisbet), was second, and Mrs. S. Wood, Glossop (gr. Mr. Gould), third. 176 THE ORCHID REVIEW. (JUNE, 1904. In the corresponding class for nurserymen, Messrs. James Cypher & Sons, Cheltenham, secured the prize with a splendid group, in which Miltonia vexillaria, Cattleya Skinneri and C. S. alba, Oncidium macanthrum, Leelias purpurata and tenebrosa, Masdevallias, and others were conspicuous. Awards of Merit were given to Vanda gigantea. Odontoglossum crispum Clayi, and Lelia purpurata varieties Emperor and Duchess. For a collection of Odontoglossums E. Ashworth, Esq., was again successful, with a good group in which O. Pescatorei and forms of O. crispum were conspicuous. W. Duckworth, Esq., Flixton (gr. Mr. Tindall), sent a good miscellaneous group which gained a Silver Medal.. In this group Oncidium Marshalli- anum, Odontoglossum Pescatorei and Lzlias were conspicuous. Messrs. John Cowan & Co., Gateacre, staged a very fine group which gained a Gold Medal. It contained some good Dendrobium Bensone, Cymbidium Lowianum, Cattleya Mossiz, C. Skinneri alba, C. Schilleriana, Cypripedium callosum Sandere, *Miltonia_ vexillaria, Odontoglossum crispum (Award of Merit), &c., &c. Mr. John Robson, Altrincham, gained a Silver Medal for a beautiful group, including some good Odontoglossums, Cattleya Skinneri, &c. NATURAL HYBRID ODONTOGLOSSUMS. ODONTOGLOSSUM X PR#&VISUM.—This is a very interesting and pretty Odontoglossum from the collection of W. Thompson, Esq., Walton Grange, Stone, which Mr. Stevens suggests may be a natural hybrid between O. Lindleyanum and either O. gloriosum or O. X Andersonianum. It has lanceolate, undulate, very acuminate, yellowish white sepals and petals, the former being heavily blotched and the latter prettily spotted with light reddish brown. The lip is strongly deltoid, with an acuminate apex, and a light yellow area round the bilobed darker yellow crest, and this again is surrounded by a zone of light brown extending half way tothe apex. The column wings are narrow, and somewhat toothed, and in front somewhat cirrhate. The segments bear the imprint of O. gloriosum very strongly, while the shape and markings of the lip, and the markings and details of the column show the influence of O. Lindleyanum. It is a very interest- ing addition, for it may be remembered that it was mentioned in an earlier paper (vol. i., p. 277) as the one missing out of six possible combinations between the Bogota species, but since then O. Hunnewellianum has been brought into the group, giving four possible combinations, only one of which has yet been recorded, namely O. x Adriane. The specific name (previsum) indicates that its probable appearance was foreseen. R. A. ROLFE. sists ~ “I ~] JUNE, 1904.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. ORCHIDS AT OAKWOOD, WYLAM-ON-TYNE. A VERY interesting account of ‘‘ Oakwood, Wylam-on-Tyne,” the seat of Norman C. Cookson, Esq., appears in the Gardeners’ Magazine for May 28th, OAKWOOD. | | MS AT T ODONTOGLOSSI GROUP OF accompanied by seven fine photographic illustrations. They include Odontoglossum crispum Cooksonianum, O.c. Jeanette, O.c. Luciani, a group of choice Odontoglossums at. Oakwood, and a portrait of Mr. Cook- 178 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [JUNE, t904. son. The others are beyond our scope, but it may be said that Mr. Cook- son’s tastes are not by any means confined to Orchids, though it is in the famous Orchid collection that the greatest interest centres. It is stated that: ‘‘ With the exception of the Odontoglossum Houses, all the Orchid structures are span-roofed, and have very broad panes of glass. The stages are of teak, and in almost every instance these are raised above the stage proper. The latter is also of teak, with the seats three-quarters of an inch apart, thus permitting a circulation of air through the moisture-laden coke, with which it is covered, up to the plants on the stage above.’ Odonto- glossums are prime favourites here, and they are remarkably well grown. The essential points are thus described: ‘‘ The greatest care in watering, judicious ventilation, and a more restricted use of shading than many growers adopt, are the chief points in the methods followed. Double stag- ing, ample atmospheric moisture, an open water tank in each House, and the use of leaves in the potting compost, are other matters that have their bearing on the splendid results achieved. | When potting Odontoglossums one crock is placed over the drainage hole, and then about a couple of inches of broken bracken roots—less for very small pots—are laid over it. The compost itself consists of good fibrous peat and sphagnum, mixed with about one-third of its bulk of leaf-mould. This leaf-mould is produced on the estate, and consists of oak and beech leaves that have been stored for one year since they fell from the trees, and are thus still whole, or mostly so, and just beginning to crumble. The Odontoglossum roots go down into this mixture and into the bracken below as though they loved it.” The reputation of this fine collection is well maintained under Mr. Chapman’s excellent management. For the loan of the handsome block used on the preceding page we are indebted to the courtesy of the proprietors of the Gardeners’ Magazine. THE TEMPLE SHOW. THE seventeenth Great Annual Temple Show opened on Tuesday, May 31st, in the Inner Temple Gardens, and will be continued on the two following days. Athreatening morning was followed by a steady downpour of rain, which continued throughout the day, but in spite of the unfavour- able conditions there was a very good attendance of visitors, and the tents were crowded. Shortly before the Show opened it was visited by their Majesties the King and Queen, who were evidently greatly interested in some of the exhibits. The display of Orchids was extensive, and excellent in every respect, several of the groups being very brilliant, and it wasa great pleasure to many to see Baron Schréder re-occupying his old position icles JUNE, 1904.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 179 with a superb group, whose excellence alike in quality and culture was recognised by the award of a Gold Medal. The sensation of the Show, however, was a most remarkable hybrid between Odontoglossum Pescatorei and the brilliant orange-scarlet Cochlioda Neetzliana, called Odontioda xX Vuylstekez, from M. Ch. Vuylsteke, of Ghent, which gained both a First- class Certificate and a Silver-gilt Lindley Medal. The Orchid Committee awards comprised four First-class Certificates, four Awards of Merit, and one Cultural Commendation Baron Sir H. Schréder, The Dell, Staines (gr. Mr. Ballantine), staged a splendid group, excellent in quality, culture, and arrangement, which gained the award of a Gold Medal. It contained good examples of most of the showy species of the season, including some beautiful forms of Odonto- glossum crispum, and others, the remarkable O. xX Coradinei mirabile, O. Xx elegantius, O. Pescatorei virginale, O. crispum Rex, Zygopetalum x Perronoudi, the brilliant Renanthera Imschootiana with an inflorescence of four branches, Miltonia Warscewiczii albescens, Dendrobium x illustre, the rare Spathoglottis aurea, the beautiful Cypripedium callosum Sandere, some brilliant Cattleyas, Lzlio-cattleyas, and other good things, which it would take too much space to enumerate in detail. This remark also applies to many of the succeeding groups, as a full report would occupy much more space than we can afford. Sir Frederick Wigan, Bart., East Sheen (gr. Mr. Young), staged a very beautiful group, which gained the Special Prize offered for the most taste- ful arrangement. It was a rich and varied group, in which we noted some good Odontoglossum crispum, O. polyxanthum, O. cordatum, the brilliant Cochlioda Neetzliana, Miltonia vexillaria memoria G. D. Owen, having a very dark blotch at the base of the lip, M. X Bleuana, Aerides Fieldingit, Brassia brachiata, a good form of Oncidium sarcodes, O. Gardneri, Zygonisia X Rolfeana with two racemes ; a fine Dendrobium thyrsiflorum, Phalenopsis amabilis, Lelia majalis with twin-flowered scape, Brasso- cattleya x striata, Cattleya Skinneri alba, Nanodes Meduse, Cypripedium bellatulum, C. b. album, good examples of C. niveum, C. X Eira (Chamberlainianum xX clarense), some brilliant Cattleyas and Lzeelio- cattleyas, Cymbidium tigrinum, a fine C. Lowianum, and C. Devonianum with six fine racemes, the latter receiving a Cultural Commendation. Captain G. L. Holford, C.I.E., Westonbirt (gr. Mr. Alexander), staged an excellent group, which gained a Silver Cup. Cattleyas and Leelio- cattleyas were in the ascendant, and we noted C. Mossie Wageneri and other good forms of the species, Lzlio-cattleya Fascinator, L.-c. xX Ascania, L.-c. x G. S. Ball, Ccoelogyne pandurata, Brassavola Digbyana, Cymbidium tigrinum, Cypripedium niveum, with nine flowers, including three twin-flowered scapes, C. callosum Sandere, C. X 180 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [JUNE, 1904. Maudiz, C. X Lawrebel, &c. A First-class Certificate was given to Lzlio- cattleya x Digbyano-Mossiz Westonbirt var., a very fine rose-purple variety, having a very large yellow blotch on the lip. Jeremiah Coleman, Esq., Gatton Park (gr. Mr. Bound), also received a Silver Cup for a very beautiful group, containing many good Cattleyas, Odontoglossums, Miltonia vexillaria, Masdevallia coccinea, a well-flowered M. X Pourbaixii, Dendrobium Falconeri, Bulbophyllum Lobbii and bar- bigerum, Epiphronitis x Veitchii, Odontoglossum cirrhosum, the hand- some O. & Ruckerianum illustre, O. crispum Colmanianum, a fine form having large cinnamon blotches, O. Hunnewellianum, O. X Coradinei, &c. R. Ashworth, Esq., Newchurch, Manchester (gr. Mr. Pidsley), received a Silver-gilt Flora Medal for a choice little group, in which the beautiful Cypripedium callosum Sanderez, C. Lawrenceanum Hyeanum, O. Pesca- torei, a gocd O. X loochristiense, O. crispum Queen Victoria, and several other pretty forms of the species, the brilliant Cochlioda Neetzliana, a few good Leelio-cattleyas, &c., were noted. J. Rutherford, Esq., Blackburn (gr. Mr. Lupton), received a Silver-gilt Banksian Medal for a pretty little group, containing some good Cattleya Mossiz, two fine examples of Odontoglossum X Harryano-triumphans, bearing eight and ten flowers,a beautiful example of O. X loochristiense, and other good things. The Hon. Walter Rothschild, Tring Park (gr. Mr. Dyer), received an Award of Merit for Leelio-cattleya x Martinetii, Tring Park var., a large and very richly-coloured form. M. Jules Hye de Crom, Ghent, sent Odontoglossum X japonais (O. crispum album X Rolfez), a very pretty hybrid most resembling the latter in shape and arrangements of the spots, these, however, being light yellowish brown in colour. F. Wellesley, Esq., Woking (gr. Mr. Gilbert), sent several good forms of Cattleya Mossiz, a fine example of C. Mendelii bearing six racemes, the richly-coloured Lelio-cattleya Captain Percy Scott, and a as Lelia purpurata. R. G. Thwaites, Esq., Streatham (gr. Mr.- Black), sent RSomtogiensum crispum Boltoni, a very richly blotched form. J. H. Grogan, Esq., Baltinglass, Co. Wicklow (gr. Mr. Oliver), sent Odontoglossum crispum ae S var.,a pretty light yellow, quite unspotted form. _ Darcy E. Taylor, Esq., Chippenham, sent Dendrobium crepidatum and D.-c. album, one pink and the other white, the difference even extending to the pedicels of the flowers, and forming a very pretty contrast. Sir R. D. Moncreiffe, Bart., Bridge of Earn (gr. Mr. Common), sent a- good white form of Odontoglossum crispum. JUNE, 1904.]| THE ORCHID REVIEW. 181 The trade exhibits were excellent in quality, and extensive, and we regret that considerations of space prevent us from giving more than a very brief report. M. Ch. Vuylsteke, Loochristi, Ghent, supplied the sensation of the Show in the shape of a most remarkable hybrid between Odontoglossum Pescatorei and Cochlioda Neetzliana. It was named Odontioda x Vuylstekee, and received both a First-class Certificate and a Silver-gilt Lindley Medal. It is described on page 18g, where the reader is referred for further particulars. He also sent a few choice hybrid Odontoglossums, two of which gained Awards of Merit, namely O. xX venustulum (O. X Harryano-crispum X ardentissimum), a pretty white form tinged with lilac and heavily blotched with purple, and O. X concinnum letum (Pescatorei X sceptrum), a very compact flower with very broad lip. Another form of this, called insignitum, had longer segmentsand a narrower lip. Two other fine things were shown, namely O. X percultum (O. X Rolfee x ardentissimum), a fine thing with moderately broad acuminate segments, very heavily blotched with brownish purple, and O. xX_ nitidum (Harryano-crispum X Wilckeanum) another fine white, very heavily blotched with deep red- brown. Messrs. Sander & Sons, St. Albans, staged a remarkably rich group which gained a Gold Medal. It contained many good forms of Odonto- glossum crispum, the profusely blotched O. Xx ardentissimum Queen Alexandra, a beautiful form O. x Rolfe, good forms of Miltonia vexillaria, M. X Bleuana, the beautiful Cattleya x Mrs. Myra Peeters (C. Gaskelliana alba x Warneri alba), the very rare C. iricolor, C. Mossiz Wageneri, and a beautiful series of coloured forms, C. Skinneri, some fine forms of Lelio-cattleya x Canhamiana, X Martinetii and others, Dendrobium spectabile with a spike of eleven flowers, D. nutans, D. atroviolaceum, Vanda teres, V. X Miss Joaquim, the rare V. cristata, Aérides Micholitzii (Rolfe), a new species allied to A. odoratum, with light rose-purple flowers and a rather short spur, a fine Coelogyne asperata, Lycaste tricolor, Oncidium phymatochilum and others, Cypripedium Lawrenceanum Hyeanum and others, a few hybrid Phaius, Lzlio-cattleya x Lord Kitchener (C. Schilleriana * L.-c. X elegans), and others far too numerous to mention. Messrs. Charlesworth & Co., Heaton, Bradford, staged a very large and brilliant group, which gained a Silver Cup. It contained a remarkably rich series of Lelio-cattleyas, one of the best we have ever seen, two of them gaining First-class Certificates, namely L.-c. X Canhamiana Rosslyn variety, having the lip of the most intense claret-crimson, and L.-c. xX Fascinator King Edward, a beautiful blush-white form, with much-fringed rose-coloured lip. There was also a beautiful series of Odontoglossums, 182 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [JUNE, 1904. including two beautiful examples of O. luteopurpureum Vuylstekeanum with three and four racemes, O. Pescatorei Charlesworthii, prettily spotted, a fine O. X Hallio-crispum, Miltonia x Bleuana, Coelogyne pandurata, many beautiful forms of Cattleya Mossie, including C. M. Wageneri and Reineckeana, C. citrina, the beautiful C. Warneri alba, C. Skinneri, C. Schilleriana, Oncidium leucochilum, Gardneri, Marshallianum, and others, the handsome Trichopilia coccinea, Cyrtopodium Andersonianum, Bifrenaria inodora, Trigonidium Egertonianum, Brasso-cattleya x Digbyano- Mossiz, B.-c. * striata, &c. Messrs. Hugh Low and Co., Bush Hill Park, staged an excellent group, in which we noted two well-flowered specimens of Cattleya Skinneri about 3 feet in diameter, some fine forms of C. Mossiz and its white varieties, C. Schilleriana, C. intermedia alba, some good Dendrobium Bensone, Odontoglossum coronarium, O. Pescatorei virginale, O. x excellens, some good O. crispum, &c., Miltonia Roezlii and var alba, Epidendrum prismato- carpum, the pretty little Eria extinctoria, some good Lelia purpurata, Disa langleyensis, Lzelio-cattleya x Aphrodite, &c., Cypripedium Rothschild- ianum, C. callosum Sanderze, C. Lawrenceanum Hyeanum, C. niveum, C. philippinense, &c. A Silver Cup was awarded for Orchids, Figs, and Carnations. Messrs. John Cowan and Co., Gateacre, staged a bright and pretty group, which received a Silver-gilt Flora Medal. It contained some good Cattleyas, Odontoglossums, Leelias, Miltonia vexillaria, &c., a few of those noted being the rare Odontoglossum xX elegantius, O. x Wilckeanum, Coelogyne pandurata, Dendrobium Bensone, Oncidium crispum, Masdevallia Schroederiana, Cypripedium X Dowlingianum, C. x Rolfei, two pretty forms of C. xX Vipani, the beautiful yellow C.* xX villexul, with dark blotches on the dorsal sepal, Phalenopsis amabilis, and good examples of most of the showy species of the season. Messrs. James Cypher and Sons, Cheltenham, also gained a Silver-gilt Flora Medal for a very pretty group, in which the plants were very taste- fully arranged. It contained many good Odontoglossum crispum, O. Uroskinneri, O. hastilabium, O. Hallii, O. Pescatorei, O. x Adrianz, the brilliant Cochlioda Neetzliana, Maxillaria Sanderiana, a well-bloomed Masdevallia rosea, some good examples of M. coccinea and Veitchiana, Epidendrum vitellinum, Coelogyne Dayana, Cypripedium Mastersianum, a well-grown C. niveum, Brasso-lelia x Gratrixie, Phalaenopsis amabilis, Lelia purpurata, and other good things. Messrs. William Bull and Sons, Chelsea, staged a fine group, containing anumber of showy Cattleya Mossiz and Mendelii, C. Schilleriana, some good Odontoglossum crispum, two good O. Hunnewellianum, O. x Adriane, O. Hallii, O. x Coradinei, O. x ardentissimum, some good ord re Jung, 1904] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 183 Oncidium Marshallianum, Lelia purpurata, L. p. Queen Alexandra, a beautiful white form, having a few narrow dusky lines on the light yellow disc, L. p. chelseiensis, having white ground colour, with a purple blotch on each side of the lip, and the disc faintly lined at the base, and numerous other good things. A Silver-gilt Flora Medal was awarded for Orchids and Foliage Plants. Mr. John Robson, Altrincham, staged a good group consisting largely of Odontoglossums, and received a Silver Flora Medal. In addition to numerous forms of O. crispum and Pescatorei, we noted a good O luteopurpureum, O. cirrhosum, some bright forms of Masdevallia coccinea, Dendrobium Phalenopsis, Cattleyas, Cypripedium Rothschildianum, and others. M. A. A. Peeters, Brussels, sent Lzlio-cattleya x Martinetii Corona- tion, a richly coloured form, and L.-c. x Stepmanii (L.-c. xX corbeillensis x C. Warscewiczii), the latter receiving an Award of Merit. It had light- rose coloured sepals and petals, with the front lobe of the lip rich purple- crimson and the throat white. We noted also in a small jar the inflorescence of a very pretty form of Odontoglossum X Adriane, and a peloriate state of O. crispum somewhat resembling the variety Oakfield Sunrise, but could not ascertain who was the exhibitor. Among the herbaceous and Alpine plants we noted numerous examples of hardy Orchids, as Cypripedium acaule, Calceolus, candidum, macranthum, montanum, pubescens, and Regine, Ophrys muscifera, Orchis fusca, the remarkable O. hircina, O. latifolia, O. militaris, O. papilionacea, Habenaria bifolia, with a few others. The exhibitors included Messrs. James Backhouse and Sons, Barr and Sons, Cutbush, Guildford Hardy Plant Company, the Misses Hopkins, Mr. Amos Perry, Mr. G. Reuthe, Ware and Sons, Messrs. Wallace and others. Some of them produced a very beautiful effect, and one in Messrs. Backhouse’s group was specially interesting, being about intermediate between Cypripedium Calceolus and C. macranthum, with which it was imported, and which were exhibited with it. A note appears on p. 185. AN AMATEUR’S COLLECTION. Tue following letter which we have received from a beginner in Orchid culture will probably be read with interest, and may recall to some of our readers memories of their own early experiences :— ‘I am very pleased to see you are going in for articles for Amateurs, as I think it will make your journal more popular. Out of all the amateur gardeners here I cannot find another who devotes his little greenhouse to 184 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [JUNE, 1g04. Orchids the same as I do. I am situated in the midst of a large town, shut in by house-ends and walls, and I have been told by several gardeners who have seen my plants that they don’t know how I keep them in such good health, and looking so well. I have been growing Orchids now for over three years, and have gained a very good idea of what they need. I am a member of the Horticultural Society here, and have taken plants to the meetings when I have had any in bloom, and in this way have induced another member to try his hand. He sent for three plants last week, and I think I shali induce two others to try before the year is out. Amateur Gardening first gave me the Orchid fever, and then I sent for Mr. Burberry’s book, which has taught me all I know. “After reading the article on Orchid Hybridisation in your issue for February, 1903, when I had Odontoglossum Rossii and O. Cervantesii in bloom, I removed the pollen from a flower of the latter, and then placed the pollen from O. Rossii on the stigma, which adhered at once. Four days later the column wings had folded over, leaving the point of the anther just showing. It is my first attempt at hybridising, and I feel rather proud of it.” Bai (Odontoglossums are rather difficult plants for a beginner in hybridising, and it would be rather a feat to bring this particular cross through to the flowering stage. We do not remember if it has previously been attempted, but it should yield a very pretty little hybrid, The difficulty generally begins when the seeds are sown. We shall hope to hear of any further progress.—ED. | ie SOBRALIA RUCKERI. To many Orchidists Sobralia Ruckeri is little more than a name, yet it is a very handsome species, as may be inferred from the fact that it received a First-class Certificate from the R. H. S. on May 17th last, when exhibited by Sir Trevor Lawrence. The same exhibitor also received an Award of Merit for it in May, 1go1 (O.R.,ix., p. 182). The species is a native of Colombia, and was discovered by Schlim, in the Province of Ocana, between 5,000 and 6,000 feet elevation, and described in 1854 (Lind. and Rchb. f. in Bonpl., ii., p. 278), and afterwards figured (Xen. Orch., i., p. 108, t. 44). It was dedicated to the late S. Rucker, Esq., of Wandsworth, When first introduced to cultivation is uncertain, but a figure appeared in 1878 (Warn. Sel. Orch., iii., t. 19) which presumably flowered in Mr. Warner’s collection, at Chelmsford, as its source is not mentioned. It belongs to a quite distinct section from the majority of cultivated species, for, instead of the rachis being extremely short, so that the flowers appear to push out of a cone of imbricating bracts, it is elongated, and flexicose, RI i JUNE, 1904.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 185 the internodes being longer than the bracts. The inflorescence bears about four flowers, over four inches in diameter, the sepals and petals spreading, and rose-purple in colour, and the undulate lip rich purple-crimson, with a large yellow disc, and some white round it, the junction between the white and purple being formed by an abrupt very jagged line. Mr. Warner remarks :—‘‘ We have found it to be a free bloomer, the flowers being also more persistent than any of the other species with which we are acquainted.” It is allied to the Peruvian S. rosea, Poepp. and Endl., with which Lindley regarded it as synonymous, though Reichenbach disputes this view. I only know it by the published descriptions and figures, and it is hardly necessary to add that it is excessively rare. R. A. ROLFE. CYPRIPEDIUM CALCEOLUS x MACRANTHOS, IN 1891 a very interesting pamphlet was published by M. William Barbey, of Geneva, entitled ‘“‘Cypripedium Calceolus X macranthos,” containing a description and coloured figure of what was believed to be a natural hybrid between Cypripedium Calceolus and C. macranthos, the two parents being also figured in colours. A year later living specimens of all three were submitted to Kew, and a comparison fully confirmed M. Barbey’s views (Rolfe in Gard. Chron., 1892, i., p. 394). The history of the plant is, briefly, that about ten years previously the late M. Edmond Boissier obtained a batch of C. macranthos, which were planted on the rock-work of the garden at Valleyres. After several seasons they flowered, and among them also appeared C. Calceolus and a third quite intermediate form, which is the one now under discussion. It appears that in the birch forests of Western Siberia, whence the plants were obtained, these two species occur abundantly, intermixed. It is interesting to note that among some plants of C. macranthos now flowering at Kew has appeared what is evidently a form of the same hybrid, the agreement in all essential char- acters being sufficiently close. What drew attention to it was the longer and narrower somewhat twisted petals, narrower dorsal sepal, and some differences in colouring. But a careful comparison raises the question whether C. ventricosum may not have a similar origin. It was described by Swartz as a species at the same time as ©. macranthos in 1800 (Kongl. Vet. Acad., Stockh., xxi., p. 251), the habitat being given as E. Siberia in each case. The differences pointed out were that C. macranthos had the petals shorter than the lip and the staminode cordate-acuminate, while in C. ventricosum the petals were longer than the lipand the staminode sagittate and concave. I have long been puzzled by the rarity of the latter; there is a single specimen at Kew, collected at the Ussuri River by Maack, and £865 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [JUNE, 1904. labelled C. macranthum £ ventricosum, while C. macranthum collected at the spot was labelled C. macranthum vulgare. I do not find that Maack also collected C. Calceolus, but, according to Ledebour, all are found in Siberia in the Ural and Baikal districts. Reichenbach regards C. ventri- cosum as a variety of C. macranthum (FI. Germ., xiii., p. 169, t. 497), but the point should be investigated from the standpoint of possible hybridity. Since the above was written I have seen another example, in the group of Alpine plants exhibited by Messrs. James Backhouse and Sons, of York, at the Temple Show. There were also examples of C. Calceolus and C. macranthum, and on enquiry Mr. W. A. Clarke informed me that all came together from a nurseryman at St. Petersburg; also that the supposed hybrid had previously appeared in similar importations, and had been taken for a form of C. macranthum, though its intermediate characters had been noticed. R. A. ROLFE. CALENDAR OF OPERATIONS FOR JUNE. By JOHN Mackay, The Gardens, Highbury, Birmingham. THE temperatures given for last month should be maintained in all depart- ments, and the shading, airing, and damping down well attended to, which is a matter of great importance. On the Cattleya and Lelia houses, also the Dendrobium and other warm houses, the blinds should be removed rather early in the afternoon—say from three to five o’clock, according to the position of the house—and at the same time the ventilation should be reduced and a thorough damping down given. Spraying the plants also overhead is beneficial. In fact, at this season, when the weather is bright and hot, a good spraying overhead with soft warm water when the house is closed is attended with good results. But when this is done it is necessary to be a little careful with some few things, whose young growths are in the habit of damping off. When plants are healthy, however, and the conditions well attended to, as advised, the plants that damp are tew and far between, though one or two Dendrobiums are likely to do so, particularly D. Bensoniz and D. superbum. The houses, when closed and damped down, will become beautifully warmed, and a suitable growing temperature will be generated that will last throughout the night without the assistance of fire heat, although it is frequently advantageous and even necessary to have a slight warmth in the pipes during the night in the warmest departments, that is, the Dendrobium and East Indian houses. When finally closing the houses in this manner for the day, it is advisable to have the ventilators more or less open at the bottom, according to the conditions of the weather. It is well to remember that the above treatment is good for sie pines ccioanen SE itl NES ARE SS a i ; yl ‘ 4 i 4: a at JuNE, 1904.} THE ORCHID REVIEW. 187 Orchids only that require much warmth during the growing season, hence is not applicable for cool Orchids. Lelia anceps and other inmates of the Mexican house are now growing and rooting freely. This house requires very little shading, and consequently, needing plenty of air, will naturally soon become dried up. In order to prevent the atmosphere from getting too parched the floors and stages should be damped down rather frequently throughout the hottest part of the day. They should also receive a thorough good syringing overhead the first thing in the morning, which will do a great amount of good and supply their wants in this respect until well on in the day, Towards evening, when the heat from the sun is declining, they should again receive a good syringing, bearing in mind always to use lukewarm water for this purpose. Diacrium bicornutum is now in flower, and among white flowering Orchids there are few more delicate or beautiful, It is a pity that it will not grow wellunless in a strong moist heat, in fact, it is almost useless to attempt its cultivation unless the conditions of the East Indian house are available. There it grows freely enough, seeming to like about the same atmospheric treatment as is given to the genus Phalenopsis. Small hanging pans or baskets are preferable, and a liberal amount of water should be given throughout the growing season. Epidendrum prismatocarpum is an easily grown species, and the good varieties are most beautiful and attractive. The racemes appear from the top of the last made pseudo-bulbs, and are erect and about a foot long, bearing many flowers, the sepals and petals of which are more or less covered with purple blotches and the lip rose-coloured. In some varieties these blotches are intensely bright and cheerful, which, of course, assists in making the good variety. It is now in bloom, and large well grown plants are always admired, and formerly were much used as specimen plants for exhibition. It grows well in the ordinary compost of peat and moss in equal parts, in well drained pots, and preters a temperature such as the Cattleya house. Epidendrum vitellinum is a beautiful species and one very popular with all Orchidists. It usually admits of easy growth if placed with the Odontoglossums in the Cool house with plenty of water during summer, and but little during winter. The flowers are opening quickly, and brighten up this department, long after the Odontoglossum crispum and Masdevallias &e., are past. Repotting is not often necessary, as it resents root disturbance, though it should be kept nicely top-dressed, and always secured firmly. It then gives little trouble, and will eventually produce fine plump pseudo-bulbs, pleasing to look upon. Epidendrum nemorale is another neat and pretty species, requiring a 188 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [JUNE, 190}. good amount of warmth and moisture when growing, but during winter a good dry rest in the Cattleya house is most suitable to its well-being. Epidendrum Wallisii, xanthirum, Cooperianum, radicans, evectum tovarense, syringothyrsus, and X O’Brienianum are other desirable kinds belonging to the slender, reed-like growing section, for all of which intermediate treatment is admirably suited. They like plenty of water during the summer months, and during winter they are not to be dried too much, or they may suffer, their manner of growth not being adapted to long droughts. Trichopilia (Pilumna) fragrans is a lovely species, which should be treated exactly like its nearest allies, the majority of which are now, or have lately been, in bloom. Some of these are particularly handsome, the best being T. suavis, T. tortilis, T. coccinea and their varieties. They all thrive well grown in equal parts of peat and moss, in intermediate temperature, and must not be allowed to get into a sour condition at the roots for want of repotting, which should be done about every two years. A fairly good supply of water is essential while growing, but care should be taken not to overdo them with it, or the roots perish, and a disease, in the form of black marks and spots, carries them off eventually. They are best grown in pans suspended, as the flowers, which are produced on short stems, are seen to better advantage than when in pots on the stage, their full beauty being then partly lost. Lycastes are now growing apace, and if they are to be repotted should be doneat once. They likea rather more substantial compost. The peat, therefore, need not be of the best quality, or a little fibrous loam may be mixed in. Lycastes are also better in the intermediate house during winter, though they will stand a low degree of temperature if not over-watered. They are frequently lost through being kept too wet, especially L. Skinneri, which even when in full growth should be watered carefully. L. aromatica, L. cruenta, and L. Deppei, having been well rested since their last pseudo- bulbs were completed, are now producing a quantity of flower buds from their base. The new growths also appear from there simultaneously, and when these are seen they may, if required, be repotted, or left until the flowers have faded. The former course is preferable, for if left later the new growths and roots will have grown very much in the interval, conse- quently the check will be greater. Ada aurantiaca may be re-potted, as it passes out of bloom, into equal parts of peat and sphagnum. Allow plenty of drainage, so that during the summer months the plants may receive abundance of water without the compost becoming stagnant. In winter less will suffice, but never allow to become thoroughly dry. It forms a pleasing contrast with its orange scarlet _ flowers arranged with Odontoglossums of the crispum type. JUNE, 1904.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 189 Cochlioda Neetzliana is a very pretty Orchid, as also are C. rosea, C. sanguinea, and C. vulcanica. They all require cool house treatment, similar to the cool Odontoglossums, excepting perhaps, that as they are rather smaller growing plants, they will have a better chance of receiving their full share of light and air, if grown in pans and suspended from the roof. They grow well in a compost of equal parts decayed leaves, peat, and moss, mixing therewith a liberal quantity of sand, and bracken rhizome for drainage. Thus potted, the roots, being of a more fine and fibrous nature, last longer in a good healthy condition, which is very important with fine or small rooting species, for they are invariably averse to root disturbances. Chysis bractescens is a noble Orchid when its flowers are produced in large trusses, which is the case only when the pseudo-bulbs are large them- selves. It is an easy species to succeed with when newly imported, but, like some few others, will deteriorate if not given a treatment meeting its requirements in a reasonable degree. It will do well and last for a longer or shorter period treated gs an intermediate Orchid, but does far better eventually if grown with the Dendrobiums when making its growth, and resting with them afterwards. It is best accommodated in baskets, and delights in a liberal supply of water when growing. THE HYBRIDIST. ODONTIODA X VUYLSTEKE%.—This is a most remarkable hybrid, raised by M. Ch. Vuylsteke, Loochristi, Ghent, from Cochlioda Neetzliana and Odontoglossum Pescatorei, and exhibited at the Temple Show, when it received a First-class Certificate, and also a Silver-gilt Lindley Medal. The exhibit consisted of an inflorescence of six flowers, the plant itself not being brought over, on account of its value. The flowers have the general shape of the Odontoglossum parent, and measure 24 inches across, but the colour is much more like that of the Cochlioda. The sepals are ovate, and the petals broadly elliptical-ovate, with the ground colour light cream- yellow, but largely obliterated by the brilliant markings. Each sepal bears. a very large deep salmon-red blotch, which extends from the base to beyond the middle, and beyond this the ground colour is light cream yellow in the centre, somewhat dotted with dark salmon-red, but with rose all round the margin. The petals are similarly ccloured, except that at the base there is a cream-yellow area, on which occur three salmon-red lines, and above the blotch the cream-yellow area is reduced to a rather narrow zone,,. through which extend several lines of salmon-red dots, the remainder being deeply suffused with rose. The lip. is strongly pandurate, light cream- yellow in colour, irregularly blotched with dark salmon-red, while the base: 190 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [JUNE, 1904. of the side lobes is occupied by a very broad band of deep salmon-red. The crest is deep yellow, somewhat lined with red, and the side lobes well developed. The column is light yellow marked with red both in front and behind, and the column wings are entire, and margined with red. The lip appears free, but is very slightly adnate to the column at the base. It is a most brilliant hybrid, and probably the forerunner of a quite distinct type, for which the name Odontioda is proposed. Beside the brilliant colour and partially adnate lip, there is a trace of connexity about all the segments which also shows the influence of the Cochlioda parent. It is a little uncertain which was the seed bearer, for the cross was made both ways, and at first it was feared that the seeds had failed to germinate. M. Vuylsteke must be congratulated on his brilliant success. ORCHIDS IN SEASON, HE time seems to have come when we raise Lelio-cattleya * Schilleriana from seed at home instead of importing it from abroad. In an account of the collection of J. H. Grogan, Esq., Baltinglass, Co. Wicklow, given in our last volume, it was remarked (p. 229): ‘‘ Seedlings of Lelia purpurata x Cattleya intermedia are getting strong, and should once more prove the parentage of Lelia-cattleya X Schilleriana. A first flower has now appeared and has been sent by Mr. Grogan. The front lobe of the lip is rich purple, and there is a similar spot on the disc, the rest of the flower being blush white, with a tinge of lilac on the front of the undulate side lobes. Two excellent forms of Odontoglossum crispum are also sent, one of them being only a shade under four inches in diameter across the petals. Both are from small plants. There are also flowers of O. triumphans which, curiously enough, appeared in the same batch. Lastly must be mentioned Dendrobium undulatum, with its bronzy brown, very undulate flowers. Two handsome Orchids are sent from the collection of T. Statter, Esq., Stand Hall, Whitefield, by Mr. Johnson. Leelia-cattleya X Ingramii is a very finely developed flower, excellent in shape, and very richly coloured. The other is a beautiful form of L.-c. X Schilleriana called variety Statteriana. The sepals and petals are white, and the front lobe of the lip deep purple. Three handsome Lelia-cattleyas are sent from the collection of the Rt. Hon. J. Chamberlain, M.P., Highbury, Birmingham, by Mr. Mackay. They are L.-c. X Hyeana, L.-c. X General Baden-Powell, and L.-c. x Mardelli, the latter being a very interesting example of one of Messrs. Veitch’s early hybrids between C. Lueddemaniana and L.-c. x elegans. It a four-flowered inflorescence. JUNE, 1904.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 1gI NOTES. Two meetings of the Royal Horticultural Society will be held at the Drill Hall, Buckingham Gate, Westminster, during June, on the 14th and 28th, when the Orchid Committee will meet at the usual hour, 12 o’clock noon. The Manchester and North of England Orchid Society will hold two meet ings at the Coal Exchange, Manchester, during June, and these, according to the new arrangements, will be held on Thursday, June 16th and 30th such meetings to be held in future two days later than the R.H.S. meetings in London. The Committee meets at noon, and the exhibits are open to inspection from one to three p.m. We gave an account of Mr. Chatterjee’s Orchid Show at Calcutta in our last issue (p. 142), and now we have received a copy of The Empress, pub- lished monthly at Calcutta, containing three fine half-page photographic illustrations, showing the hot-house where the Orchids were exhibited, the Central Rockery, with festoons of Orchids, and the group of Orchids and Palms shown by the Hon. A. A. Apcar. They are very tastefully arranged, and the exhibits are less crowded than at some of our home exhibitions, which is a decided advantage. Dendrobiums, Phaius, and Phalcenopsis are chiefly coaspicuous in the illustrations. A curious form of Odontoglossum triumphans has flowered in the collection of A. E. Wilson Browne, Esq., of Sutton Coldfield. The flower sent consists of three sepals and the lip. The petals appear to be absent, but are probably confluent with the sepals. It was purchased as O. Pescatorei, and it will be interesting to see whether the character remains constant. A very beautiful flower of Cattleya Mossiz Reineckeana is sent from the collection of J. Wilson Potter, Esq., of Croydon, by Mr. Young, which has an additional sepal and petal. The latter takes the place of the dorsal sepal, and only differs from an ordinary petal in being quite straight, while the dorsal sepal is replaced by two, which are situated on either side of the additional petal, and of course exterior to it. It enhances the beauty of the flower. It is really twin, as shown by the broadened column and pedicel. A very beautiful shower bouquet of Orchids was presented to H.R.H. the Princess of Wales by the Mayor of Bradford's grand-daughter, on the occasion of the opening of the Cartright Memorial Exhibition in that city by the Prince and Princess of Wales on May 4th. A photograph of it has been sent by Messrs. Charlesworth & Co., together with one of a bouquet of Orchids which was placed by them in the Royal saloon carriage in the afternoon prior to the Royal visit. Both are extremely beautiful. 192 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [JUNE, 1904. ORCHID PORTRAITS. CHLORZA CRISPA, Lindl|.—Bot. Mag., t., 7955. CyYMBIDIUM X BALLIANUM.—Gard. Mag., 1904, pp. 244, 245, with fig. CYMBIDIUM X LOWIO-EBURNEUM CONCOLOR.—Gard. World, PP: 443, 449, with fig. CYMBIDIUM PARISHII VAR. SANDER#.—Gard. Chron., 1904, i., p. 338, fig. 146. 1904, CYPRIPEDIUM X ASHBURTON EXPANSUM.—Rev. Hort. Belge, 1904, Pp.- 97, with plate, fig. 2. CyYPRIPEDIUM X CHAPMANI.—Rev. Hort. Belge, 1904, p. 97, with plate, fig. I. CyYPRIPEDIUM X GASTON BULTEL.—Rev. Hort., 1904, p. 160, with plate. CYPRIPEDIUM X LeEpouxIa#.—Journ. Hort., 1904, 1., pp. 446, 447, with fig. DENDROBIUM WILLIAMSONI.—Gard. Chron., 1904, i., p. 341, fig. 149. ODONTOGLOSSUM CRISPUM CooKSONIANUM.—Gard. Mag., 1904, p. 343; with fig. VAR. JEANETTE, l.c., p. 344, with fig. Var. Luctant.—i.c., p. 342 with fig. Var. PREBENDARY BEVAN.—Journ. Hort., 1904, i. p. 379, with fig. OpONTOGLOssSUM PESCATOREI (in leaf-mould).—A mer. Gard., 1904, p. 321, with fig. ODONTOGLOSSUM X WALTONIENSE ROSEFIELDIENSE.—Journ. Hort., 1904, i., p. 335, with fig. ; Gard. Chron., 1904, 1., p. 331, fig. 144. SACCOLABIUM BELLINUM.—Journ. Hort., 1904, i., p. 423, with fig. plese Bix ita (C orrespondents not answered here n : on I eeraagint sent for name, the elated and history s. shaorvd ateays ry re ian ly stated, for’ without ae e ly.) I.B. Anguloa x dubia, Rchb. f. and Cleisostoma secundum, Rolfe. E.P.C. Sarcanthus pallidus, Lindl. E.T. Unavoidably postponed till next month. W.B. Received with thanks ing to pressure on-our near, through the Temple Show, several articles and notes are gt postponed. ve received the descriptive Catalogue of Orchids of Messrs. Charlesworth & Co. Heaton, Bradfo rd, for 1904, containing a most varied selection of species, varieties and yor HE ORCHID STUD-BookK.—We cannot yet aie the date of publication, but the work is peme pushed on as fast as possible. Se ae ERRATUM. Odontoglossum Xx ardentissimum Gratrixie was preg teertaael recorded as “ Lzlio- cattleya” at page 142 of our last issue. The error should be corrected. | MURRAY’S PATENT ORCHID STAND. If you want to grow Orchids ,to perfection and for profit “‘Try a few on Stands.” Pronounced by most of the leading Orchid Growers to be perfection. MILLIONS SOLD. Patented by William Murray, late pi Grower to N. C. Cookson, Esq. now with the British American Well irda 145, ‘Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C. Price List containing full information from The UWnitedD Wire Works, Ltd., NEWCASTLE-ON-TYNE. ORCHIDS. ORCHIDS. NSPECTION dae our 2 and varied Stock of , and new range of ORCHID HOUSES, is respectfully invited, Rare and Choice Cypripediums, Cendrobiums, &c. ie e DESCRIPTIVE CArALOGUES POST FREE. te A.J. KEELING & SONS, Orchid Growers & Fmporters, THE GRANGE NURSERIES, Westgate Hill, Bradford, Yorks. H. A. BURBERRY’S system of personally Giving Ad- vice and Demonstrating Methods of Orchid Cultivation insures suc- cess and satisfaction. One gentleman says: ‘‘I consider your visit has been worth £100 to me.” Alledesirous of having the benefit of his long experience in matters affecting the welfare of their Orchids, should communicate with him, and ve will be glad to wait on them when in the vicinity, at a very small fee. H. A. B. attends Orchid Sales, and will be pleased to receive com- missions to buy for those who cannot attend. AppREss: Ethel House, King's Heath, BIRMINGHAM, SANDER’S ORCHID GUIDE NTAINING ALL THE Rist "KNOWN SPECIES AND VARIETIES OF ORCHIDS IN CULTIVATION. Their native countries, descriptions ae the plants and flowers, season of flowering, best nethod of cultiva- tion, temperatures, watering, player ventilation, &e. Concise, reliable, instructive & useful, together with NAMES and PARENTAGES of all the KNOWN HYBRID ORCHIDS, Arranged in tabular, alphabetical form so that all Hybri ids derived from each species or hybrid may be ascertained at a glance 330 pages, ‘strongly bound. I <5 ssa ee S ag & Expert. Ww THE oe —- this valuable work up-to date. und in with the Guide, or separate in eters “roan. Prive 2s. SANDER & SONS, ST. ALBANS. ORCHIDS. Those especially who contemplate forming a Collection would profit by consulting STANLEY, ASHTON & Co., SOUTHGATE, LONDON, N., whose advice and plants would be found equally good. ORCHIDS. As we are receiving at short intervals importations of ORCHIDS IN VARIETY, we shall be pleased to quote particulars on application. CATTLEYA LABIATA just arrived. Apply for Catalogue of Established Orchids. HOOLEY BROS., otters and Grow gmp BITTERNE PARK, SOU THAMP TON. Our next issue will contain photographic illustrations of the new Odontioda and its parents; also of four other handsome novelties from the Temple Show. Orders for additional copies should be sent to the Epiror at once. ODONTOGLOSSUM CRISPUM, Choice of Fine Varieties. Selected O. crispum, with large and round flowers for Exhibition purposes IMPORTER and GROWER, Fis. CLAES, ' ee a of Avenue, d’Auderghem), ETTERBEEK, BRUSSELS. EAST INDIAN ORCHIDS. DELIVERED TO ANY ADDRESS. WHOLESALE OR RETAIL. Price List on application to S. P. CHATTERJEE, Victoria Nursery, CALCUTTA. ORCHID PEAT. FINEST QUALITY IN ENGLAND. Selected Sample; Solid Fibre ; Bushel Bag 410/-. PEAT DUST for Azaleas, &c., 8s. per bag. Three SAMPLE AND TESTIMONIAL ON APPLICATION. A. MAPLES, Ranmoor, SHEFFIELD. VALLS aia 3 upplied to H.M. The only safe infallible ‘esierininator of BEETLE ai: COCKROACHES, WOODLICE , howev ver numerous. f the Ro Sr: tether Society, September, 1903, Stiver Medat of Royal Botanic Soc., London, March, 1904. TLECUTE is af od these insects eat eagerly. If used for some nights without intermission they will be entirely annihilated. -POISONOUS TO HUMAN aan & ANIMALS. Tins, 6d., is, and 2s. lled Bellows, 1s: Sold BS incee VALLS & CO., 16 Coleman Street, London, B.C "set rn Lo a a ameter mri ORCHIDS ! PARISIAN BLINDS ORCHID HOUSES. (Aw ee over 50 PRIZE MEDALS). JOHN COWAN & Co., HAVE AN ENORMOUS STOCK §=OF ORGHIDS CONSISTING OF TENS OF THOUSANDS OF HEALTHY, VIGOROUS AND WELL-GROWN PLANTS, In great variety; and additions are constantly being made by the purchasing of Private collec- tions and otherwise. ee and Priced seeroen aa will be ee = » post free, on applicati Send for Particulars, Price List, and Testimonials to W. sista & Co., GATEACRE NURSERIES, | *2ws! ess, DARLINGTON. tion Orchid Review when applying Me Near LIVERPOOL. (See for the me Me rt at RB. HS S. Gardens, imperishable Horticultural alana, INVALUABLE FOR ORCHID HOUSES AND CONSERVATORIES GENERALLY. Patented in 6&4 UBROSE. a5 Patented in All Countries. ZL r All Countries. Absolutely Unequalled in Appearance, Easy Working, Permanence and Economy. These Paints have been ent fod the New Royal Horticultural Soc ety’s The LUBROSE PAINT Go. C"*i2:222°") Moorgate Station Chambers, E.C. Telephone: 478 Central. Telegraphic Address: “ Perfectum, London. PATENT FAST-DYED KHAKI COTTON NETTING. For Shading Orchid and other Greenhouses. ABSOLUTELY FAST. WELL SHRUNE. THE GLASS WILL NOT REQUIRE STAINING. Price Lists and Patterns Free on application to— SOLE £ SPINNER & CoO.;, AGENTS MANCHESTER & BOMBAY. CONTRACTORS TO H.M. WAR OFFICE & INDIA OFFICE. NOTICE TO READERS: OF Ze = & ORCHID REVIEW This work has been A Notice of the Orchid Stud-Book appeared in our December issue. compiled, upon a uniform plan, up to the end of 1903, giving the name, parentage, raiser or exhibitor, and date of appearance, with references to descriptions and figures, and other matters, and will be published as soon as possible. It is intended to continue the records monthly in the OrcHip Review, as far as possible on the same system, thus giving a ready means of reference to existing hybrids, and, we hope, a means of checking the growing confusion into which the subject has fallen. Full details appeared in our March issue. CGROSS’S SPECIALITIES FOR THE GARDEN. CROSS'S VAPORISE (NICOTINE FUMIGATING COMPOUND). 16s. per pint (equal to 40,000 Cubic Feet). A Reduction of 20 per cent. on the current price. No.1 Size—1 Pint Bottle, PHONO ascaa for 40,000 cubic feet 16/- each No. 2 Size—4_,, 20,000 ae / , No. 3 Size—6oz. te a “ 12,000 a ie ys we ~ of i, No. 4 Siz ig ve Me a es mem ge ie os oe ar ae 3/6 5, No. 5 Size—2 ,, # 000 ° ee ne jan 1/9 Vapeiitag Fumigator, Small size, for 2, 000 cubic feet 1/9 I Large size, for 5,000 _,, ign See te cROSSS GARDEN FERTILIZER. LUBICIDE. 1 cwt., 16/- ; 56Ib., 8/- ; 28Ib., 5/- = b., 3/- ; 7Ib., 2/- ; 3lb., 1/3- A new Insecticide and Soil Purifier. Destroys all ground In Canisters, 6d., 1/- and 2/6 ea h. vermin. Ss CROSS’S ORGANIC GUANO. 14/- per cwt. 5/6 per gallon, carriage paid. One gallon will make 2,000 LUNT'S CHRYSANTHEMUM MANURE. no ee FOR POTT BALLIKINRAIN ANT DESTROYER. we” Ren ewt., 11/- per hz nlf ert.. ary pan “quarter em Sas et. 2/6 and 2/6 per bottle, In small Bags, 14lb., 3/6; 71b., 2/-. 1 and 2/6 each. CROSS’S MILDEW & INSECT DESTROYER. uantities of 1 cwt. and over carriage paid. 10/6 pe: gallon, 3/9 pet re Carriage paid. LUNT : CHEMICAL MI URE, NECROS VAPOR NG POWDERS. For developing Chrysanthemum and other flowers ope s (Generates Hydroey anide- srg Gas.) a purely soluble compound of a very valuable nature and No. 1 set equal to 15,000 cubic feet, 3/- should be applied in water as directed. Full iuabrigtions No, 2 set, equal to 7,500 cubic ior ” i given with each package. In Tins at i. 2/6 and 5/6 each. | Apparatus, 2/6 each. TO BE HAD OF ALL NURSERYMEN AND SEEDSMEN, OR FROM ALEXANDER CROSS & SONS, Lid., 19 HOPE STREET, GLASGOW. & 79 MARK LANE, LONDON i | ORCHIDS A SPECIALITY. Messrs. Charlesworth & Co, Heaton, BRADFORD, Have a large and fine stock of established and imported OrRCcHIDs. INSPECTION INVITED. By Special Appointment jto His Maseaty the avis ORCHIDS! ORCHIDS QUANTITY IMMENSE. Inspection of our New Range of Houses IS CORDIALLY INVITED BY HUGH LOW & C0,, BUSH HILL PARK, MIDDLESEX, ORCHIDS. Clean, healthy, well-grown plants at reasonable prices ; many large specimens and rare varieties. CHOICE DENDROBES A SPECIALITY. Please write for List. JAMES CYPHER, EXOTIC NURSERIES, CHELTENHAM. J. \WEEES: & GO., Léa: horticultural Builders To His Majesty, H.R.H. the Prince of Walesa, HM overnment, Admiralty Dept., War Dept., eto Hort. Soc., Royal Botanio Soc. Parks and Public Buildings. TeLvearaPH, “HORTULANUS,” Lonpon. TELEPHONE, No. 872 Dot + fibal ] r Upright Tubular Boilers, KING’S ROAD, CHELSEA, S.W. ORCHIDS! ORCHIDS! ORCHIDS! ( RCHIDS direct from Brazil ; 500 are now on their way here, from 2s. 6d. each, post paid, or best offer for the lot, just as they come.—J. F. ADSHEAD & CO., Direct Tiporien: — aie « “Ag 47, Mosley Street, MANCHESTE MANCHESTER & NORTH OF ENGLAND Orchid Society. THE COAL EXCHANGE, MARKE‘ LACE, MANCHESTER. The next regres of the COMMITTEE for the ose of adjudicating upon the Orchids submitted will be held on Fane 16th and 30th, 1904, at 12 o’cloc — pt. Open to Members from I io 3 o'clock aoa P, WEATHERS, Hon. Botanical as Mancheater. ORCHID HOUSES A SPECIALITY ¥. FOR sans Conservatories, ATT Git las ee | Orchid Houses, | : Ferneries, Cucumber and Melon Houses, Vineries, ete. CRISPIN’S, BRISTOL. All Classes of Hot Water Boilers AS er, = —3 5 7 G2 i and Heating Apparatus. Printed by R. W. Simpson & Co., Ltd. Richmond Pr23s, Sheen Road, Richmond, Surrey. Subscriptions for 1904 are now due. Vor XII.) JULY, 1904. (No. 139. THE ORCHID REVIEW: En Fllustrated Monthly Journal of Orchidology. Contents. GE PAGE Acoridium, the genus . one shor eS O. X concinnum letum (Fig. 33) vow 20] Calendar of Operations for Nar i sew» ZIG O. X japonais (Fig. 32 201 Cochlicda Noetzliana (Fig. 36) ue) 200, ZITO O. X nitidum (Fig. 30) ... Ser ++ 201 Correspondence ae nae sy. Se O. X venustulum (Fig. 31 sce” 201 Dendrobium Falconeri aes ay ea ets Orchid and Phyllocactus ina nee Nest 200 Dies Orchidiani 193 |. Orchid-Portraits: \. o ston 224 is nosa... ae = sho BRT Orchids at oseliead Sevenoz wailia: ee eee Epidendrum advena ; . 199 | Orchids from Llandudno ... ; Seen ROT Lzlio-cattleya x elegans true dea seed 200. Orchigymnadenia X Legrandiana aw aol Notes 4 “a .. 222. Sale of Orchids from Oakwood ; 223 Odontioda x yy uy Ribeice: e (fig. 34 ... 209 | Societies 211 Odontoglossum x Cor adinei mirabile ... 198 Manc oe & North of Kae lasts ( hehe 215 abi New Pescatorei (Fig. 35), 209, 210 Royal Horticultural su —s shin Odontoglossums from Stamford Hill ... 195 Vanilla Humblotii ... 196 ( dontog lossums from the Temple Show... 201 PRICE SIXPENCE MONTHLY. Post FREE 7/- PER ANNUM—SEE OVERLEAF, SANDER & SONS, “a. Largest Importers and Growers of Orchids in the World. . ROYAL WARRANT HOLDERS TO THE KING. William Phi & Sons WoORLD-RENOWNED ORCHIDS. HYBRID, ES STABLISHED AND IMPORTED. We cordially invite inspection of our new Orchid Houses. Catalogue free on application. KING’S ROAD, CHELSEA, LONDON. NOTICES. The ORCHID REVIEW is published regularly at the sie of each month, price 6d. net. Annual Subscription, ia si 7/-, payable in advanc The Editor invites communications on_ interesting subjects (which should be written on one side of the paper only), aes portraits, &c., of rari All Subscriptions, Advertisements, Communications and Books for review, should be addressed :—-The Epiror oF THE ORCHID Review, Lawn Crescent, Cheques and Postal Orders (sent as above) should i made payable to raaek LESLIE & Co., and, to ensure — in transit, should be crossed ‘* & Co. Volumes I. to XI. can be supplied unbound at 6/-, or bound in cloth, 7/6, postage ra ost of penkade a post, 9d. per volume; parcel post within the United Papdoei only, 5d. per volur Also cases for binding alae volume at 1/6 each, post free throughout the postal union. SCALE OF CHARGES FOR ADVERTISEMENTS. d s. & s. a. Five lines and under in column... O 2 6 Half column or setae a Oo {2..0 Per line after F a 20'S One ce bac or half pa 4 SS One-eighth column. O & Oo VV hole pa pe 8 de © Quarter column or eighth page ee ED Advertisements and late news should be received not later than the 24th of the nonth. Biokselieee Wholesale Orders should be sent to MARSHALL BROTHERS, Keswick HouskE, PATERNOSTER Row, Lonpon, E.C. SENECIO TANGUTICUS. A new and distinct hardy per- ennial from Central China. The flowers are yellow, produced in dense terminal panicles on stems six to seven feet high, during the month of September. Oe Award of Merit from the Royal Horticultural Society, September 15th, 1903. Price 3s. 6d. each; 868, per dozen. DELIVERY IN APRIL, 1904. LTD., CHELSEA, S.W. dames Veitch & Sons, bab ORCHID REVIEW. VoL. XII.} JULY, 1904. [No. 139. DIES ORCHIDIANI. I was much struck with the beauty of the group of Odontoglossums from the collection of Norman C. Cookson, Esq., given at page 177, and with the note respecting their culture, because it enables one to judge of the results of the treatment. And the chief reason for mentioning this is the remarkably diverse opinions which continue to be expressed with respect to the use of leaf-mould. There can be no doubt that the illustration repre- sents a series of remarkably well-grown plants, and we are told that the compost consists of fibrous peat and sphagnum, with an admixture of old oak and beech leaves, just beginning to crumble, to the extent of about a third, and that only a single crack is used at the bottom of the pot, over which is placed a layer two inches thick of old bracken rhizomes. This must be a very different compost from the sandy, soily-looking substance often supplied as Belgian leaf mould, and much more difficult to overwater, for all superfluous moisture would drain away as fast as poured on, as long as the drainage remained perfect. I wonder whether the “Cookson formula”? was also used. I have read with interest Mr. Orpet’s remarks at page 164 in reply to my previous notes, and can readily understand that a leaf-compost—and indeed most others—would get waterlogged if watering was done with a hose ina haphazard way; and Mr. Orpet suggests that nine-tenths of the Orchids grown in America receive such treatment. The method suggests the survival of the fittest, and the perfect drainage provided by Osmunda fibre is likely to be beneficial under such conditions. Mr. Orpet describes how a collection of O. crispum in leaf-mould in a north house needed no water all the winter, neither did they make any growth, but since removing them to a house where the winter sun is available, watering about once a week, always using the Cookson formula, the miserable scraps became fine This seems to me an argument in favour of “‘ perfect sunning, specimens. or maturation” rather than against the use of leaf-mould. 193 194 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [Juty, 1904. I note that Mr. Orpet (page 165) objects to my remark that the way the necessary food was supplied wasa matter of secondary importance, and afterwards goes on to explain that all plant goods must be soluble. I was alluding to the fact that some growers use leaves which gradually decay under the action of water, thus giving up the food they contain gradually for the use of the plant, while others use an almost indestructible fibre, and make up for the diminished supply of food which it gives up by adding some plant food to the water, and yet both claim to get equally good results. I think this quite justifies the remark Imade. In each case the food has to be taken up in solution, because it cannot be utilised in any other form. It was rather interesting to find immediately following Mr. Orpet’s remarks a note to the effect that a plant of Odontoglossum Pescatorei grown in leaf-mould for two years, and another grown in fern fibre, were exhibited at the Boston Gardeners’ and Florists’ Club by Mr. W. N. Craig, showing results in favour of the former treatment; aud the point was further emphasised in a subsequent note (page 337), which is interesting enough to reproduce here. It is as follows :— ‘* Permit me to make a correction in Mr. Craig’s article in your last issue regarding Odontoglossum Pescatorei, which you illustrated. He stated that the small plant having six blooms had bulbs equally as good as the plant carrying forty-five blooms. The facts are that the bulbs of the former plant at the time of repotting two years ago, had a leading bulb 1 in. in length. The next year the leading bulb was 14 in., and the last bulb was 2iin. The large plant carrying the forty-five blooms started with a 13 in. bulb, and the first year in leaf mold the bulb made 3} in., while the flowering bulb this year was 4 1-16 in. For thisreason we feel justified in claiming that leaf mold has worked a decided improvement in this particular plant, and I will add that in the other Odontoglossums treated in the same way, we find about the same condition of improvement. We are decidedly of opinion that leaf mould, properly used, isan excellent growing material for certain classes of Orchids, such as Odontoglossums, Laelias and some Cattleyas. j._E.. ROTHWELL. Brookline, Mass.”’ I have not yet alluded to the exhaustive article by Mr. J. Wilson-Potter (pp. 106-110), which supplies a lot of important information as to the pro- perties of leaf-mould, as well as the method of preparing it, and I should not be surprised to find that with an admixture of some hard fibre to keep the compost open the risk of overwatering would be greatly diminished. So JULY, 1904.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 195 Mr. Potter seems to hesitate in using the new compost for Odonto- glossums, and ‘he gives reasons for the same, though he intends to make fresh trials, and remarks ‘‘ It is quite possible I may yet have all my estab- lished crispums in the new material.’’ I have no doubt that the result of Mr. Cookson’s experiments will receive careful consideration, and perhaps lead to further developments. Iam more than ever convinced that an admixture of oak and beech leaves to the compost used in potting epiphytal Orchids is beneficial, because by their gradual decay they supply the necessary plant food, and the experiments now in progress are likely to show us the best way of using them. . ARGUS. ODONTOGLOSSUMS FROM STAMFORD HILL. SEVERAL beautiful Odontoglossums are sent from the collection of H. T. Pitt, Esq., Rosslyn, Stamford Hill, N., by Mr. Thurgood. O. crispum Pittiz is a fine form, slightly tinged with pink on the sepals, which organs bear a number of bright red-brown spots, arranged in two more or less transverse groups, while the spots on the sepals are mostly confluent into one very irregular central group. The lip is rather small and narrow, and bears many red-brown blotches on the disc. O.c. Princess Victoria has broad, beautifully undulate segments, with the red-brown blotches on the petals very regularly distributed, but those on the sepals and lip rather larger and somewhat irregularly and partially confluent. The lip is fairly broad and of good shape. Another form has the markings reddish purple, these consisting of a single blotch just below the middle and several small splashes round it, while the lip is prettily spotted. This, we think, is not yet fully developed. A fourth is a very fine tlower, slightly tinged with blush, with a very few small red-brown spots on the segments, chiefly on the lip. ©. triumphans, Rosslyn variety, is a very fine form, and remarkable for the very heavy rich brown blotches, the remaining ground colour being bright yellow. O. X loochristiense, Rosslyn variety, has the petals nearly white, with a single large dark brown blotch near the apex, and only a few small ones below, while the sepals are very heavily blotched with dark brown on a light yellow ground. O. X Wilckeanum The Alake is a very large form, with white ground, and the segments long, the sepals being very heavily blotched with deep red-brown, and the much toothed petals and lip bearing smaller blotches. Lastly may be mentioned two pretty forms of O. xX Adriane, having a white’ ground colour, but one much more heavily blotched than the other. They form a very beautiful series. 196 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [JULY, 190}. VANILLA HUMBLOTII. A verRY handsome species of Vanilla has just flowered in the collection of Sir Trevor Lawrence, Bart., Burford, Dorking. It was at first supposed to be V. Phaleenopsis, Rchb. f., and a note respecting it has appeared under this name (Gard. World, 1904, p. 481), but on comparison proves to be quite different, and I believe it to be V. Humblotii, Rchb. f., a species.discovered in the Great Comoro Islands by M. Leon Humblot, and described in 1885 from dried specimens (Gard. Chron., 1885, i, p. 726). Mr. White states that the Burford plant was sent from Madagascar by M. Hamelin, and is now flowering for the first time. It was received in June, 1900. The stem was then wired on to a teak raft, which was fixed into a large pot filled with sphagnum moss, and stood upright on the stage in the hottest house. The position and treatment seemed to suit it, as it soon began to grow vigorously, and during the first year it reached the top of the raft. The next growth was trained horizontally by a piece of string along the roof of the house, and it has now reached a length of 10 or 12 feet. The inflorescence was produced about four feet from the top. The species belongs to the leafless section of the genus, and is remarkably handsome, the flowers being large and bright yellow, with some bright brown markings on the front of the lip, and a mass of rosy crimson hairs in the throat, forming a very striking contrast. The stem is also remarkable, being glaucous-green in colour, and bearing numerous irregular blackish green warts, which give it the appearance of being “‘ spotted like a snake.’”’ Thestem is very stout at the base, measuring slightly over an inch in diameter, but more slender above, the upper internodes measuring 34 to 4 inches long by 5 to 6 lines broad. -The glaucous colour is due to the presence of innumerable whitish, partially confluent dots on a dull green ground. An aérial root is produced at each node, at the side of the bract-like sheath, which represents the leaf in this section of the genus. The inflorescence is quite stem-like in shape and colour, except that the warts are less numerous. It measures 6 inches long, and bears 6 flowers, which open in succession, They are rather fugitive, showing signs of fading on the second day. The bracts are ovate-oblong, 6 to 10 lines long, and flesh-brown in colour; and the pedicels are 2 to 2} inches long. The flowers have an expanse of 5} inches, and the sepals and petals are spreading, the former being 10 to If lines broad, and the latter 16 lines. The colour is bright canary-yellow in front and cream-white behind. The lip is entire, apiculate, with undulate margin, 24 inches long by over an inch broad, and united to the column at the base, forming a tube 6 to 7 lines long. The brown band on the lip takes the form of a V-shaped marking, with the point downwards, while from either apex extends a broad zone of the same colour towards the JULY, 1904.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 197 margin, the colour being here broken up in front into radiating lines. The throat is completely covered with long shaggy rosy crimson hairs, all more or less curved, and the lower somewhat retrorse. These hairs extend upwards on the disc in two diverging bands on either side of the V-shaped marking. The column is ro lines long, and slightly curved. A figure has been prepared for the Botanical Magazine. Reichenbach does not mention the colour of the stem or flowers, and probably did not know them, but Humblot’s dried specimens show traces of similar warts on the stem, and the flowers are similar, including the remarkable hairiness on the lip, hence the belief that the two are identical. V. Phalenopsis, Rchb. f., has smooth bright green stems, and smaller flowers, of different colour, besides having only two lines of slender hairs on the lip. It is a native of the Seychelle Islands. R. A. RoOLFE. ORCHIDS FROM LLANDUDNO. SEVERAL beautiful Odontoglossums are sent from the collection of Joseph Broome, Esq., Sunny Hill, Llandudno (gr. Mr. Axtell). Five are excellent forms of O. crispum, of which three are about typical, having very broad, undulate, blush white segments, with a few brown spots on the lip. Another is equally good in shape, but the sepals and lip are prettily spotted with brown and the petals pure white, forming a most effective contrast. The remaining one has a great purple-brown blotch above the middle of each segment and a few small additional ones on the broad lip—a really striking flower. Two others are excellent forms of O. luteopurpureum, with the sepals wholly rich brown, except at the base and apex, and the petals and lip handsomely marked. O. Hallii leucochilum is a good example of this handsome variety. O. Lindleyanum is represented by a rather small dark form, apparently not fully developed. O. x Adriane is represented by a fine spike of thirteen flowers, having a very light yellowish ground colour, slightly tinged with rose, and a few red-brown. These are very irregularly distributed, in a few cases the petals being quite unspotted, in others bearing one or two small spots, while on the sepals and lip they are larger and some- times more numerous. It looks very like the developed form of one noted at page 221 of our tenth volume. The remaining flower is very curious, having the sepals, petals, column, and crest of the lip resembling those of O. luteopurpureum in shape and colour, but the front lobe reduced to a narrowly oblong body. It may be a form of this species, being quite different from O. xX mulus. An inflorescence of the interesting Eria sicaria, Lindl. is also enclosed, the flowers being remarkable for having the pedicels and outside of the sepals covered with a dense white tomentum. The rest of the flower is whitish yellow, with a dusky brown crest on the lip. 198 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [JULY, 1904. ODONTOGLOSSUM x CORADINEI MIRABILE. WHEN the remarkable Odontoglossum crispum mirabile appeared in 1894, in the collection of Baron Schréder, it was not known that O. crispum and O. triumphans grew together. It was, however, clear that the plant was not a simple variety of O. crispum, and the alternative was that it must be a natural hybrid. It, however, came home as O. crispum, and the other parent must be something that grew with it. Nothing then known from Bogota agreed so well with the plant’s characters, and I accordingly described it as O. X Coradinei mirabile (O. R., ii. p. 198), though recognis- ing that it was much finer than anything which had yet appeared. Just previously an Odontoglossum had been described and figured as a natural hybrid between O. crispum and O. sceptrum, under the name of O. X harvengtense (L. Lind. in Journ. des Orch., v. p. 7; Lindenia, x., t. 678), but as on comparison I found unmistakable evidence that O. triumphans was one parent, I referred the hybrid to O. X excellens as a variety (O. R., iii., pp. 112, 201). This plant flowered in the collection of the Compte de Bousies, at Harvengt. In 1898 an -Odontoglossum, which had been artificially raised by M. Ch. Vuylsteke, of Loochristi, Ghent, from O. crispum 2 and O.triumphans ¢ flowered for the first time, and was described under the name of O. X loochristiense (O. R., vi., p. 41). A little later further evidence of O. x harvengtense came to hand in the shape of a plant which flowered with Messrs. Charlesworth & Co. out of an importation of O. crispum. It was described as apparently only a distinct form of O. triumphans, and the question was raised whether the latter grew anywhere intermixed with O. crispum (O. R., p. 167), a point which was almost immediately answered in the affirmative by M. Fl. Claes (l.c., pp. 327, 328). -Then was noted the occurrence of O. X loochristiense as a wild hybrid, in the collec- tion of W. Thompson, Esq., Walton Grange, Stone (/. c., p. 355), and since then a good many others have appeared, doubtless from the locality where O. crispum and O. triumphans grow together. No less than nine named varieties were recorded in these pages in 1go1 and six in the following year. We have also the information that it is a particular form of O. triumphans, known as variety latisepalum, that grows in the Bogota district with O. crispum (O. R., x., p. 250). Lastly we have the record of an additional batch of artificially raised hybrids in the collection of W. Thompson, Esq., of Stone, five of which have already flowered (O. R., xii., p. 61). The new facts almost compel a reconsideration of the question, and it is now evident that O. x harvengtense and O. X loochristiense are forms of the same hybrid, and that,the former is much the earlier name. The record of parentage must be amended, as it is clear that O. triumphans, not O. sceptrum, is the second parent. O. X Coradinei mirabile was again exhibited Juty, 1904.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. "199 by Baron Schroder at the recent Temple Show, and furnished an oppor- tunity for further comparison in the light of the new facts. So far as I know nothing like it has since appeared, not even among white forms of O x Coradinei, some of which I have been able to compare with it. In shape and size it agrees better with O. triumphans than with O. Lindleyanum, and a comparison with their respective hybrids only confirms the impres- sion. It appeared at about the same time as O. X harvengtense, and may well have come among O. crispum from the same region, and although I have not yet seen another form approaching it very closely, I suspect that O. X harvengtense var. mirabile is the name which it will ultimately have to bear. The figure of this handsome variety was repeated at page 12 of the present volume. R. A. ROLFE. EPIDENDRUM ADVENA. EPIDENDRUM ADVENA is a Brazilian species which was described by Reichenbach in 1872 (Gard. Chron., 1872, p. 1194), from the collection of O. O. Wrigley, Esq., Bridge Hall, Bury, but seems to have since been lost sight of. In looking upa figure in the late John Day’s Orchid drawings (vol. xxxvii., t. 35) I came across an excellent figure, drawn on August 8th, 1883. The history is given as follows :—‘ A very nice Epidendrum, imported from Brazil by Messrs. Hugh Low & Co. The bulbs are 3 to 4 inches long by 2 in. diameter, nearly cylindrical, somewhat sulcate in age. Leaves 2, ligulate, obtuse, very coriaceous, 12 to 14 inches long by § to 1% broad. Scape 33 inches, with 3 or 4 branches, rather distant, bearing 5 to 7 flowers each. Flowers of this very scape were sent to the Professor, who gave the name as above.”’ I instantly recognised an excellent drawing of E. osmanthum, Rodr., which was described nine years later, a plant now well known in cultivation, and it is rather curious that no one has since recognised it. Reichenbach described E. advena as ‘‘a beautiful species, with numerous unusually large flowers, nearly two-thirds the size of those of E. atropurpureum (macrochilum). Sepals and petals yellowish, with a full tessellation of radiating brown veins. Lip yellowish white with purplish streaks in middle line. Column green with yellow emarginate anther.” No one seems to have been able to make out what the plant was, and Cogniaux, in his recent revision, enumerated it as a distinct species of Reichenbach of which the exact locality was unknown (Mart. Fl. Bras., iit., pt. 5, p- 62). E. osmanthum is treated as distinct, but must now be regarded as synonymous. The history of the latter has already been given (O. R., iv., p. 291). It is interesting to be able to clear up the history of another lost garden plant. RK. ALR. 200 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [JuLy, 1904. LALIO-CATTLEYA x ELEGANS TRUE FROM SEED. A most interesting flower of Lzlio-cattleya x elegans has been sent by M. Ch. Maron, Brunoy, France. M. Maren states that it is from a seedling plant, and was obtained from a “ good dark form in the way of Turneri, crossed by itself.” We have not seen the parent form, but M. Maron’s description fits the seedling very well, and it may be fairly described as having come true from seed. In not one single character of the flower can we find any trace of reversion to either of the parent species, which, as is well known, are remarkably distinct in almost every character, and there- fore the more liable to show traces of reversion had such taken place. There are just a few very minute purple dots on the petals, as is often seen in forms of this hybrid. We should like to see a flower from the actual plant which bore the seed, if such is possible, and also one from any other seedling which M. Maron may have. It is not stated whether there is more than one. Coming at a time when the Mendelian hypothesis is engaging so much attention, it is a piece of important evidence that hybrids may and do reproduce themselves true from seed. Here was an opportunity for a re-combination of the ‘‘ unit-characters” of the parent species, but there is no evidence that such has taken place. R. A. R. AN ORCHID AND A PHYLLOCACTUS IN A BEES’ NEST. WE have just dropped across the following curious note :— ‘“A short time since one of our native collectors brought in a large plant of Epidendrum Schomburgkii which was growing in the nest of a species of Trigona, one of the stingless bees, of which there are several species in Trinidad. The nest appears to be composed of propolis mixed with some kind of clay and woody matter, made into irregular chambers by the bees. . . . The roots of the Orchid appear to permeate the mass, and the aerial roots surround it, holding it together for the mutual benefit of bees and plant. The Cactus is a straggling kind of Phyllocactus bearing white flowers, which open during the night, as do many of our Cactez.”— J. H. Hart, in Trinidad Bulletin, 1902, p. 458. We do not know whether these bees remain in a nest for several successive years, for, if not, a more appropriate title would have been “A Bees’ Nest in an Orchid.” The Orchid at all events would be several _ years old. It would be interesting to know whether the occurrence is at all common, as in the case of ants tenanting the hollow pseudo-bulbs of Schomburgkia and Diacrium. JuLy, 1904.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 201 ODONTOGLOSSUMS FROM THE TEMPLE SHOW. THE annexed illustration shows four handsome Odontoglossums which were exhibited at the recent Temple Show, two of them gaining Awards of Merit. The other two are striking novelties which on ordinary occasions could scarcely have been passed over by the Orchid Committee. Three of the plants were exhibited by M. Ch. Vuylsteke, of Loochristi, and the other (the lower left-hand one) by M. Jules Hye de Crom, of Ghent. The flowers were given to us by the exhibitors, and were photographed by Mr. Fig. 30. O. X NITIDUM. Fig. 31. O. X VENUSTULUM. Fig. 32. O. X JAPONAIS. Fig. 33. O. X CONCINNUM L#&TUM. E. C. Hart, who has secured an excellent likeness in each case. The flowers are represented about two-thirds natural size. O. X NITIDUM (fig. 30), the upper left-hand flower, was obtained from O. X Harryano-crispum crossed with O. X Wilckeanum, and thus is composed of half O. crispum and one-fourth each of O. Harryanum and O. luteopurpureum. It is exceedingly handsome, the shape being good, and the markings copious, regularly arranged, and rich in colour, and it is 202 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [JuLy, 1904. difficult to see why it was passed over. The ground colour is white, very slightly tinged with yellow, and the blotches are deep red-brown. The crest is yellow, with numerous red-brown markings, and the column-wings are distinctly toothed. As regards shape nothing need be said, except that the segments are rather broader than they appear, because they had begun to recurve a little before the photograph was taken. O. X VENUSTULUM (fig. 31), the upper right-hand figure, is said to have been derived from O. xX Harryano-crispum crossed with O. X ardentissimum, but we should think O. X Rolfez afar more likely second parent, and for two reasons. O. X ardentissimum appeared in 1902, when it was the sensation of the Temple Show, and no hybrid from it could have reached the flowering stage in 30 short a period; besides which the new hybrid is much more like O. x Rolfeze. A composition of half O. Harryanum and one-quarter each of O. crispum and O. Pescatorei is much more in accord with the plant’s character than half O. crispum and one-quarter each O. Harryanum and O. Pescatorei; in fact, the latter represents the composition of the succeeding hybrid, though the result was arrived at by a slightly different method. To return to O. X venustulum, the ground colour is white, tinged with lilac towards the margin of the segments, while the markings are brownish purple. The disc is yellow, and here the markings are more brown. The column wings are slightly toothed. O. X JAPoNaIs (fig. 32), the lower left-hand figure, was derived from O. crispum album crossed with O. x Rolfez, and thus is composed of half O. crispum and one-quarter each O. Harryanum and O. Pescatorei. The ground colour is white, very slightly tinged with cream, and the mark- ings are light yellowish brown. The disc is brownish yellow, and the column wings distinctly toothed. It is a very distinct and handsome hybrid, and was exhibited by M. Jules Hye de Crom. | O. X CONCINNUM L&TUM (fig. 33), the lower right-hand figure, is said to have been derived from O. Pescatorei crossed with O.sceptrum, and thus must be regarded as a form of O. X amcenum, which was exhibited by M. Jules Hye de Crom at the Temple Show last year (O. R., xi., p. 183). The ground colour of the flower is yellowish white, with the markings purple-brown and the crest light yellow. The column wings are shortly toothed. As in the preceding cases, nothing need be said about the shape: which is well shown in the photographs, but we may call attention to the remarkably broad lip. It was exhibited by M. Ch. Vuylsteke, and received an Award of Merit. Two others exhibited by M. Vuylsteke were O. X insignitum,a form of the preceding, with rather narrower, longer segments, and O. X percultum, recorded as O. X Rolfez x ardentissimum (which requires confirmation), having segments heavily blotched with brownish purple on a light ground. RS worst SIN SINS JULY, 1904.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 203 ORCHIDS AT ROSEFIELD, SEVENOAKS. SEVEN years have elapsed since we had the pleasure of seeing the very interesting collection of De Barri Crawshay, Esq., situated at Rosefield, Sevenoaks, and much has happened in the interval. Seedling Odonto- glossums are now to the fore. At the period mentioned we wrote :—‘‘ Mr. Crawshay has twenty-eight seedlings in various stages, representing several distinct crosses (O. R., v., p. 265). These—or the survivors—have since flowered, and been recorded, and at the present time there are hun- dreds, if not thousands, of others, of various sizes, and rarely have we met with a more striking example of progress in a proverbially difficult group. It was with the object of seeing this development that we accepted Mr. Crawshay’s invitation to spend a week end with him, and we were both pleased and surprised at what we saw. THE SEEDLING HOUSE. We entered the house in which the seedlings are grown, and were con- fronted with a batch of eight hundred plants, representing numerous crosses, all potted off, and looking as thriving and healthy as possible. Some of these had already nice little bulbs, and had progressed about half way to the flowering stage. Others are smaller, and some recently pricked off, while on numbers of established plants suspended from the roof were batches of young seedlings, some germinating and others protruding their first leaf. In some cases they were coming up almost as thickly as the proverbial mustard andcress. And not only were they on the surface of the compost, but in some cases literally on the pots, where the seeds had been acci- dentally blown and afterwards germinated. In one case we noticed quite a batch growing below the rim of the pot, and had the curiosity to count them. Ina small space three inches long by halfan inch broad there were over thirty, and examination with a lens showed that they were securely anchored by little clusters of root hairs, while the first leaf was protruding in the usual way. Others were scattered about singly, so that the pots had to be handled with care for fear of crushing them. The green alge on the pots seems to suit them, and one was actually seen growing ona small slimy mass as ifit rather liked it. Algae have sometimes been reckoned as among the worst foes of germinating Orchids, and the sight came as a surprise. In face of such a development it is difficult to realise how it was that Odon- toglossums acquired the character of being difficult to raise from seed, and yet that is everybody’s experience—even Mr. Crawshay’s—at least until comparatively recently. It will interest a wide circle of readers to know How SEEDLING ODONTOGLOSSUMS ARE RAISED. We will commence by sowing the seed, for the operation of crossing is well understood, and capsules of good seed are easily obtained. As soon as the 204 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [JULY, 1904. capsule shows signs of maturity, by becoming yellow and beginning to open at the tip, it is cut, and the seed is scattered lightly on the surface of the compost of plants suspended from the roof. A small lead label is then clipped over the edge of the pot, containing a number, which agrees with the one in the record book, in which the history of every cross is carefully entered. The compost on which they are sown is practically fibrous peat (details are given later), as the partial surfacing of sphagnum is kept clipped short by a pair of fine pointed scissors as fast as it grows, to prevent it from choking the young seedlings, and in this care has to be taken not to damage the latter. From the moment the seed is sown the compost is never allowed to get dry for a moment, and this condition is easily secured by the use of a fine sprayer as often as necessary. Roller blinds of thick canvas are used for shading, but only when necessary, as Mr. Crawshay is an advocate of giving plenty of light. Ventilation and damping down of course receive careful attention, the aim being to keep a moist, genial atmosphere without extremes of temperature either way. Germination takes place quickly, if the seed is good and the conditions right, but the young seedlings are not touched until they show the first true root. They are then pricked off on to pots of new compost, over which is placed for a few days an inverted glass pot, thus helping to preserve a moist atmosphere until they are estab- lished, at the same time affording ventilation through the central hole. These pots are practically bell glasses with a hole in the centre, and in practice the insides are seen to be constantly covered with dew. After this the seedlings are potted on, as necessary, and treated like established plants. Of secret there is none, the whole thing resolves itself into provid- ing the necessary conditions by constant care and attention, and anyone who can grow Odontoglossums well may hope to succeed. This, of course, does not apply to those who can merely keep them alive, and it should always be remembered that a little temporary neglect, which might leave no visible effect on established plants, may ruin a batch of delicate seed- lings. ‘‘ Always remember that they must be treated like babies” is a motto for those who wish to raise seedling Odontoglossums. THE RESULTS AIMED AT. The object in view is primarily to raise a number of handsome garden plants, but at the same time Mr. Crawshay hopes to throw some light on those beautiful wild forms known as blotched and_ spotted crispums, some of which, though not belonging to recognised natural hybrids, are yet suspected to be of partially hybrid origin. There are seedlings from about sixty choice crosses, and a few of them should throw light on what may be taking place in Nature, though the majority are from forms which do not grow together in a wild state. One point which these experiments are expected to elucidate is how far reversion * cea ine oars pees se Se inate a. JuLy, 1904.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. : 205 takes place in intercrossed forms. It may be remembered that O. X Wilckeanum crossed with O. crispum yielded an unspotted form undistinguishable from the latter, and that the result of O. crispum crossed with the blotched O. c. Crawshayanum was a poor unspotted O. crispum, and it is considered that if reversion of this kind takes place at all it will be specially demonstrated by the intercrossing of the finest varieties, which is now being carried on. Seedlings of O. Hallio-crispum re-crossed with O. crispum are interesting in this connection; also a yellow loochristiense crossed with O. crispum aureum, and O. crispum Raymond Crawshay crossed with O. triumphans Lionel Crawshay, and the reverse cross, all of which we noted. Blotched forms of O. crispum have also been inter- crossed successfully. Another interesting point that occurs to us is that it will show the amount of variation between seedlings from the same seed- pod, a point which should be specially useful in the study of natural hybrids, and especially so if the parents happen to grow together in a wild state. O. X Adriane has been crossed with O. crispum and O. X Andersonianum, and it will be extremely interesting to see the result. We may mention a few more of the crosses which we noted. O. Hunnewelli- anum X Harryanum was germinating in profusion, also O. Pescatorei xX Hartryanum, which is considered one of the most prolific of crosses. O. Pescatorei X crispum aureum had only been sown three months, but were already producing the first leaf, and a spotted form of the same crossed with a blotched crispum may repeat the history of O. X ardentissimum. A dark O. triumphans x luteopurpureum Vuylstekeanum should produce an interesting hybrid, also O. nevium xX crispum Lehmanni. SEED-PODS. In the general collection we noticed many good capsules in various stages, and some recently fertilised flowers, estimated at about a hundred in all, and it is significant that most of the latter had been crossed with the brilliant Cochlioda Neetzliana, which is now likely to be in great demand for hybridising. ©. luteopurpureum Vuylstekeanum and O. crispum ° Raymond Crawshay crossed with the Cochlioda should give some striking results if seedlings are obtained. We must pass along to the ESTABLISHED PLANTS. The longest Odontoglossum house is computed to contain over 2,500 plants, and some good things were noted in flower. First may be mentioned a large number of typical O. crispum, and these we learnt were froma batch of imported plants, and most of them were to be sent away in a few days. A process of selection is constantly being carried on, quantities of imported plants being purchased and established, and when they bloom, those that do not come up to the standard are at once disposed of, sometimes only a very small percentage being retained. Others in bloom included a very 206 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [JULY, 1904. fine O. luteopurpureum, bearing two spikes of ten and eleven flowers, the beautiful yellow variety Vuylstekeanum, a good spotted O. x Andersoni- anum with the lip shaped as in O. X mulus, O. triumphans, O. crispum Theodora, with ruby-purple blotches, a very prettily spotted O. x Adriane with white ground, a good form of O. X Coradinei with white ground and purple spots, also yellow forms, one of them bearing a spike of twelve ’ flowers with a very broad lip. This plant is used for hybridising, and is said to bear seed-pods every year. Other interesting things were O. apterum Crawshayanum, a very heavily spotted form, O. Hunnewellianum, two plants of the beautiful O. nevium, O. polyxanthum, O. Halli, O. triumphans, O. Rossii, a remarkably fine form of O. sceptrum, and O. Uroskinneri rosefieldiense, a very dark and richly coloured variety. The variety album of the latter was bearing a capsule, with a curiously long pedicel, as the result of crossing with O. X Vuylstekei, but Mr. Crawshay states that this species is no good as a pollen parent. We noted also a fine example of Oncidium crispum, and the richly coloured Cochlioda Neetzliana. A few interesting things of which the flowers were not expanded were O. X Hallio-crispum with a spike of 13 buds (this was Mr. Crawshay’s first seedling to flower), O. X loochristiense Theodora with 14 buds (said to have a white ground), O. x elegantius bearing a panicle with six side-branches, and O. X Crawshayanum. This is said to be a difficult plant to raise, and it may be noted that one seedling most resembles O. Harryanum in habit, the other O. Hallii. CULTURE. The collection generally is in excellent condition, and it may be added that Mr. Crawshay pointed out his first O. crispum, purchased in bloom in February, 1881, a very ordinary form, but which he would not part with on any consideration. His first Odontoglossum was purchased on December 2ist, 1880, as an imported O. crispum, but it proved to be O. luteopur- pureum when it flowered. It is still in good health, and Mr. Crawshay remarked that it once produced an inflorescence of 54 flowers. The plants are grown on open stages, beneath which is fixed a solid stage covered with broken coke, which is always kept wet. Some of the plants are stood on earthenware pedestals, but the centre is hollow, and as crocks are not used in the pots air can always get at the roots. Bracken rhizomes are used for drainage, a thick layer being placed in first, and the compost consists of fibrous peat, with a little sphagnum moss, and a few whole oak and beech leaves. These are not broken in any way, and being used in small quantity they are always separated by some peat fibre. They then decay gradually, and feed the plants, while allowing water to pass away freely. Such a compost cannot be overwatered. The floors are of brick, and the side ventilators are shutters in the walls. Thick canvas on rollers is used for Pe er Juty, 1904] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 207 shading. Under such conditions the plants thrive exceedingly, but it was pointed out as a curiosity that the best growing position is about three feet from the door at the upper end of the house (this being built on a gentle slope). CULTURE IN GLass Pots. One point struck us as distinctly novel, and that is that some of the plants are cultivated in glass pots, simply differing from ordinary pots in the materials of which they are constructed. Thus the conditions only differ in the admission of light to the roots, and one could see exactly what was going on inside, as in the case of bees in a glass hive. One could see the interstices between the bracken rhizomes, and under the influence of air and light the moss was actually growing below the compost, and the roots looked thoroughly healthy and had a greenish tinge. The glass is non- absorbent, and it is found that the plants need water much less frequently. A fine plant of O. crispum, which had been in glass for eleven months, was carrying a spike of fourteen fine flowers. O. X Coradinei Crawshayanum had carried three spikes, with an aggregate of fifty-one flowers. One plant, the second placed in glass, produced a spike of seventeen flowers, of which three were on a side branch. It consisted at first of two imported bulbs, and the new growths successively improved, while the last produced a double break besides the fine spike mentioned. It is always growing, and is a very pretty plant. This is not a mere fad; so satisfied is Mr. Craw- shay with the result that he is having a lot of glass pots made, though at present they are dearer than ordinary pots, having to be made specially. Their use as bell glasses has been already mentioned. INDIVIDUAL PECULIARITIES. It is curious to note that certain plants have their individual peculiar- ities. One plant of O. x mulus is a most robust grower, and has perfect leaves on four successive years’ bulbs (Mr. Crawshay once had five years’ leaves on another plant). Another has been in the collection since 1884, but has never flowered, and it had eleven bulbs when bought, none of which had flowered. It never rests: ; no sooner has one bulb finished than another growth begins. Mr. Crawshay has tried all ways to make it flower, but without success. Once he broke out three successive growths from the same bulb, and as it could not make another it simply broke from a back bulb, but no spike came. A piece has been sent away, but with no better result. It is believed to be a hybrid. Another curiosity pointed out was a plant of O. crispum producing spikes on two successive bulbs, the one from last year’s bulb remaining dormant until now, a thing Mr. Crawshay had never seen before. A few plants were noticed having very purple leaves, particularly ©. c. Venus, and this is partly attributed to Plenty of light, but one plant is said to have the leaves always purple, 208 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [JuLy, 1904. though the flowers are white. One seedling, by the way, is ten years old, but has not yet flowered. It grows very slowly, and has five remain- ing bulbs. Another is nine years old, and as it is from the spotted form which reverted, its behaviour is being watched with interest. SECONDARY HyprIDs. We have several times urged raisers of Odontoglossums to intercross the species and hybrids from the Bogota district, especially with the view of showing what secondary hybrids are like. We find that Mr. Crawshay now has several of these, including’ O. x Andersonianum crossed with O. x Denisonz and with a blotched O. crispum, also O. x Adriane, O. xX Coradinei, and O. X Denisone all crossed with blotched crispums. The result of these crosses will be awaited with interest, as there is at least the possibility that some of them have occurred in a wild state. OTHER ORCHIDS. Our notes have been chiefly about Odontoglossums, which are prime favourites here, but there are others respecting which a few words must be said. One specialiy interesting plant in the seedling house is a seedling of Promenea stapelioides 2 x P. xanthina 3, which we strongly suspect will prove the parentage of a natural hybrid. The seed was sown in February, 1902, in the warm house, but none came up there, this one seedling being afterwards found in the cool house, in the crown of an Adiantum, where it must have been blown. Inthe Cattleya house we noticed Odontoglossum citrosmum carrying a fine spike, also good plants of Miltonia spectabilis Moreliana, M. Regnellii, and M. cuneata. Mr. Crawshay has tried year after year to cross these with Odontoglossums, but without success. We also saw good plants of Zygonisia X Rolfei, Zygopetalum X Gottei, and the seedling Z. intermedium @ X Z. maxillare Gautieri ¢, which took twenty years to flower. It however once met with an accident which nearly killed it. The type plants of Lelia x Crawshayana are also thriving. A few other well-known things must be passed over. A fine series of Orchis maculata varieties were tlowering outside, making a brave | show, witha few O. latifolia, and some sturdy Listera ovata. Our notes on Mr. Crawshay’s fine series of dried flowers and paintings must be held over for the present, as these notes are already longer than was intended, yet many interesting details have been omitted. But the seedling Odontoglossums were an education, and we believe that the details respect- ing them will be read with universal interest. We cannot conclude without a tribute to the ability of Mr. Stables, Mr. Crawshay’s excellent gardener. The results speak for themselves. Mr. Crawshay thinks of building another house this autumn, and judging by what we saw of the seedlings he will soon need it. And when they begin to flower there will be some- thing to say. JULY, 1904. | THE ORCHID REVIEW. 209 ODONTIODA x VUYLSTEKE. We are now able to give a photographic illustration of the remarkable Odontioda X Vuylstekez, which created such a sensation at the recent Temple Show, together with its two parents. It was described in detail at page 189 of our last issue, and the illustration, though necessarily failing to convey an idea of the colour, gives a very graphic idea of the characters of the flower. It is represented four-fifths natural size. The resemblance to the Odontoglossum parent is at once apparent, and nothing further need be said about the shape. It is in colour where the resemblance to the Cochlioda chiefly comes in. The ground colour may be described as light Fig. 34. ODpONTIODA X VUYLSTEKEZ. Fig. 35. ODONTOGLossumM PESCATOREI. Fig. 36. CocHLIODA NG@TZLIANA. cream-yellow, but is largely obliterated, except on the lip, and in the curious ring round the large basal blotch on the sepals and petals. This blotch may be described as deep salmon-red, the remaining part being strongly suffused with rose. The blotches on the lip are deep salmon-red, and the crest deep yellow, with the teeth more developed than in O. Pescatorei. Of course, the Pescatorei parent may have been quite a different variety from the one figured. M. Vuylsteke must be congratulated on his 210 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [JULY, 1904. success. This brilliant acquisition received the double award of a First- class Certificate and a Silver-gilt Lindley Medal. We have since seen a photograph of the plant, which shows two pseudo-bulbs, each bearing three leaves, and a young growth. The second bulb is large, and most resembles O. Pescatorei in character, a remark which also applies to the foliage. The photograph was taken by Mr. E. C. Hart. OponToGLossuM PEsCATORE! (fig. 35) is one of the best known species in the genus, and has been cultivated for upwards of half a century. It was discovered by Funck and Schlim, in January, 1847, near Pamplona, in the province of Ocana, and was described by Reichenbach two years later under the name of O. nobile (Linnea, xxii., p. 850). Plants were sent to the establishment of M. Linden, at Brussels, where it flowered for the first time in Europe in 1851. Whether its identity with O. nobile was then known is uncertain, but it received the name of O. Pescatorei, Linden, under which it was figured and described by Lindley (Paxt. Fl. Gard., ii., t. 90) in 852. It afterwards formed the subject of the first plate of Pescatorea, and has been known by its later name ever since. It is now known to be common in the province of Ocana, and is said to be spread over an area of about thirty square leagues, occupying a vertical range of between 6,000 ft. and 9,000 ft. elevation. It is a very beautiful species, but far less variable than O. crispum, and not nearly as widely grown. The form figured has a few small spots on the petals, and is from the collection of R. G. Thwaites, Esq., of Streatham. CocHLiopA N@TZLIANA (fig. 36) has proved to be a very brilliant intro- duction. It first appeared at a meeting of the R.H.S. on November 11th, 1890, when it was exhibited by Messrs. Linden, of Brussels, under the name of Odontoglossum Neezlianum, and received a Botanical Certificate. It was described as ‘‘ a dwarf, delicate-growing novelty, with small circular bright scarlet flowers ” (Gard. Chron., 1890, ii., pp. 570, 602). It was at once apparent that it was not an Odontoglossum, and consequently it was transferred to Cochlioda (Rolfe in Lindenia, vi., t. 266). The species is a native of Northern Peru, and was discovered by M. Jean Notzli, who sent plants to Messrs. Linden. Some time afterwards it was also introduced by Messrs. Charlesworth, Shuttleworth & Co. It was named after its dis- coverer, though from a mistake in spelling his name the specific name was at first given as Noezliana, which was corrected when discovered (O. R., ii., p- 268). The fact of a hybrid being successfully raised from it is interesting, in view of a note which appeared in these pages in 1899, in an account of the collection at Walton Grange :—“ It is curious to note that for three years efforts have been made to obtain capsules of this plant, many crosses being tried, but without success. Two pods only formed, but these ultimately Peomeatery JuLy, 1904.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 211 went off’ (O. R., viii., p. 199). There is also a supposed natural hybrid between it and C. vulcanica, namely C. X miniata, L. Lind. (Lindenia t. 562). It has been known for some time that the two species grew in the same region. C. Neetzliana is an easily grown and most brilliant little - plant, and is now likely to be in great demand for hybridising. SOCIETIES. RoyaL HORTICULTURAL. A MEETING of this Society was held at the Drill Hall, Buckingham Gate, Westminster, on June 14th, when there was a fine display of Orchids, better than usual at the meeting succeeding the Temple Show. Sir Frederick Wigan, Bart., Clare Lawn, East Sheen (gr. Mr. Young), staged a fine group of well-grown plants, to which a Silver-gilt Flora Medal was awarded. At the back were some good Sobralia macrantha, including two well-flowered examples of the white variety Kienastiana, the remainder being made up of a fine series of Cattleya Mossie varieties, three good C. Mendelii, C. x resplendens, two good C. Warneri, some good Lelia purpurata, L. X cinnabrosa, L.-c. X elegans superba, L.-c. x Hippolyta, Phalznopsis amabilis, P. speciosa, P. Lueddemanniana, a fine specimen of Ccelogyne pandurata bearing three spikes and an aggregate of thirty-one flowers, Cypripedium bellatulum and its variety album, C. Godefroye, C. x W. H. Young, and others, Brassavola Digbyana, the fine Miltonia vexillaria G. D. Owen, and M. vy. Empress Victoria Augusta. Sir Trevor Lawrence, Bart., Burford, Dorking (gr. Mr. White), sent a few rare Orchids, including a well-flowered plant of Dendrobium X formoso- Lowii, having cream-white flowers with yellow filaments on the disc, the handsome Odontoglossum crispum pardalinum, with rich claret-red _ blotches, Cypripedium Stonei, and a very fine spike of C. S. platytanium, together with a very strong branched spike of Phalznopsis amabilis. Cultural Commendations were given to the two latter. The Hon. Walter Rothschild, M.P., Tring Park (gr. Mr. Dye), sent an inflorescence of Epidendrum confusum, a near ally of E. fragrans, with much larger flowers, and Restrepia leopardina rosea, the latter, which had the lateral sepals densely BroHee with rose on a whitish ground, receiving a Botanical Certificate. De Barri Crawshay, Esq., Rosefield, Sevenoaks (gr. Mr. Stables), sent a fine specimen of Odontoglossum crispum cultivated ina glass pot, which had made a very large bulb and a new growth a foot high, as wellas a spike of thirteen fine flowers, since July last. He also sent the densely spotted O. apterum Crawshayanum, and O. Uroskinneri rosefieldiense, a very richly coloured variety. 212 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [JULY, 1904. J. Gurney Fowler, Esq., Glebelands, S. Woodford (gr. Mr. Davis), sent a fine form of Lzelio-cattleya X Herode(L.-c. x elegans X C. X O’Brieniana), H. S. Goodson, Esq., West Hill, Putney (gr. Mr. Day), sent Bifrenaria tyrianthina Goodsone, a light purple variety. C. J. Lucas, Esq., Warnham Court, Horsham (gr. Mr. Duncan), sent a well-flowered plant of Restrepia elegans. H. T. Pitt, Esq., Rosslyn, Stamford Hill (gr. Mr. Piece. sent a small group, consisting of a good form of Trichopilia coccinea, T. suavis alba, a fine Odontoglossum citrosmum, Rosefield var., bearing many spikes of light rose flowers, together with good forms of Cattleya Mossiz and Mendelii, and C. X Faerie Queen, having yellow sepals and petals and some purple marking on the lip. R. G. Thwaites, Esq., Streatham (gr. Mr. Black), showed Odontoglossum Pescatorei Grand Duchess, an extremely fine variety. Messrs. Sander and Sons, St. Albans, staged a very fine group, consist- ing largely of hybrids, which gained a Silver-gilt Flora Medal. There was a remarkable series of Lzlio-cattleya x Martinetii, consisting of over fifty plants, ranging in the colour of the segments from deep bronze and yellowish to rich rose on the one hand and white on the other, while the lip varied from the darkest purple to nearly white, with a few purple mark- ings in the throat. L.-c. x Canhamiana was represented by a smaller series also showing much variation. Other interesting things were Eulophia Lubbersiana, a West African species, with prettily variegated leaves, Lelia x Yula, Miltonia vexillaria Regina, a fine white with pink centres to the sepals and petals, and the deep rose M. v. Empress Victoria Augusta. An Award of Merit was given to Lelio-cattleya X Martinetii var. Sunrise, a very richly coloured form. Messrs. James Veitch and Sons, Chelsea, also staged a very fine group, which gained a Silver Flora Medal. It contained a fine series of Cattleya Mossiz forms, white and coloured, C. M. Rosalind being a beautiful white, slightly flushed with pale pink on the front of the lip, some good Oncidium divaricatum, Coelogyne Dayana, Epidendrum prismatocarpum, &c., also a fine lot of hybrids, the more noteworthy being several good L.-c. x Can- hamiana and L.-c. X Aphrodite, L.-c. x Ascania, L.-c. x Lycidas, L.-c. xX Acilia, Cattleya xX Niobe, Lelia x Pacavia, Cypripedium x Ajax, &c. Messrs. Stanley, Ashton and Co., Southgate, received a Silver Flora Medal for a fine group, including some good Lelia purpurata, a fine series of Cattleya Mossiz, with the varieties Wageneri and Reineckeana, Oncidium curtum, O. flexuosum, O. varicosum, some showy Masdevallias, Odonto- glossum luteopurpureum, some good forms of O. crispum, &c. Messrs. Hugh Low and Co., Bush Hill Park, staged a good and varied group, which received a Silver Banksian Medal. It contained a noble suicidal 7 ee a a ee SEES JULY, 1904.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 213 specimen of Cattleya Mossiz, bearing about fifty flowers, C. M. Wageneri, C. intermedia alba, C. Warneri, Masdevallia Carderi, Gongora bufonia, the rare Lycaste tricolor, Dendrobium Lowii, Bulbophyllum Lobbii, and its variety claptonense, the latter having larger flowers, mottled with brown on the segments, Ccelogyne asperata, Cypripedium Lawrenceanum Hyeanum, C. callosum Sander flowering among imported plants, C. x Baron Kuroki (Lowianum X insigne Chantini), a pretty green flower, blotched and lined with chocolate brown on the dorsal sepal and spotted on the petals, and others. Messrs. B. S. Williams and Son, Upper Holloway, also gained a Silver Banksian Medal for a good group, containing forms of Odontoglossum crispum, Lelio-cattleya x Canhamiana, L.-c. X Edouard André, Cym- bidium Lowianum, Cypripedium x Gowerianum magnificum, C. x Har- risianum superbum, Lzelia purpurata, some showy Cattleyas, &c. Messrs. A. J. Keeling and Sons, Westgate Hill, Bradford, sent Masde- vallia X Bocking Hybrid, a fine M. coccinea, Lelia x Vinesiz, &c. Mr. H. A. Tracey, Twickenham, showed Cattleya Mossie Pearl, a pretty blush white form, C. x Faerie Queen var. Goodsone, a pale yellow flower marked with rose purple on the lip, and Lzlio-cattleya x tyntes- fieldense. AT the meeting held on June 28th—the last, it is believed, that will be held at the Drill Hall—there was again a very good display of Orchids, and Medals were awarded to six groups. The Right Hon. Lord Rothschild, Tring Park (gr. Mr. Dye), staged a remarkable group of Masdevallias, and other things, which gained a Silver Flora Medal. The Masdevallias comprised over fifty species, varieties and hybrids, some of them in several examples, the more noteworthy being forms of M. Chimera, M. ignea, M. Davisii, M. Carderi, M. simula, M. O’Brieniana, the brilliant M. racemosa, M. gemmata, M. radiosa, M. campyloglossa, M. caudata, M. X Rushtoni, M. X Cassiope, M. x Hebe, M. x Courtauldiana, M. X Henriette, M. X Geleniana, and M. x Bock- ing Hybrid, other interesting allies being Physosiphon Loddigesii, Scapho- sepalum punctatum, S. gibberosum, and S. ochthodes. The group also contained Aerides japonicum, Disa racemosa, Lzlio-cattleya x Aphrodite, L.-c. & Mauve Queen, L.-c. X Charles Linnzus (L.-c. X Gottoiana X C. Warneri), and others. L.-c. X Dominiana, Tring Park var., received an Award of Merit, while Botanical Certificates went to Saccolabium gracile a small Ceylon species, and Cryptophoranthus Lehmanni. Mr. Ernest Hills, Penshurst (gr. Mr. G. Ringham), staged a group of extremely well-grown Miltonia vexillaria, to which a Siiver Banksian Medal was given. 214 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [JULY, 1904. J. Bradshaw, Esq., Southgate, sent the pretty Lycaste tricolor, and a white form of it. N. C. Cookson, Esq., Wylam-on-Tyne (gr. Mr. Chapman), showed the interesting Cypripedium X vexill-Io, and Odontoglossum crispum Britannia, a fine form heavily blotched with purple-brown, and suffused with purple at the back of the segments. C. J. Lucas, Esq., Horsham (gr. Mr. Duncan), sent a light form of Lelio-cattleya X Martinetil. F. Wellesley, Esq., Westfield, Woking (gr. Mr. Hopkins), showed Lelio-cattleya xX Pallas Westfield variety, a richly-coloured form, and Cattleya x Mossiz Miss Etheldreda Harting, a fine white variety with a few pale purple markings in front of the yellow disc. Messrs. Sander and Sons, St. Albans, staged a fine group, which received a Silver Flora Medal. It contained a fine specimen of Dendrobium superbum, Acineta Humboldtii, and various other showy things, together with Lelia »¥ cinnabrosa, L. x Yula, Lelio-cattleya x Acis, L.-c. X Duchesnei, L.-c. x bletchleyensis, some good L.-c. X Martineti, &c. Messrs. James Veitch & Sons, Chelsea, staged a fine group, which gained a Silver Banksian Medal. It contained the beautiful Cattleya Mossiz Wageneri, C. x Eros, a beautiful white form of Sobralia x Veitchii, Lelio-cattleya x Vesta, L.-c. x Aphrodite alba, L.-c. x Canhamiana, L.-c. X eximia, L.-c. X Wellsiana, L.-c. X Dominiana langleyensis, L.-c. < Martinetii, &c. Messrs. Hugh Low & Co., Bush Hill Park, also obtained a Silver Banksian Medal for a beautiful group, including some good Phalenopsis Aphrodite, P. amabilis Rimestadiana, P. x leucorrhoda, a richly-coloured Lelia tenebrosa, Masdevallia melanoxantha, Oncidium divaricatum, Cattleya intermedia alba, C. Mendelii with sixteen flowers, some good Lelio-cattleya x Canhamiana, L.-c. X Arnoldiana, &c. M. Ch. Vuylsteke, Loochristi, Ghent, received a Silver Banksian Medal for a small group of choice Odontoglossums, including two handsome O. X ardentissimum, O. X bellatulum, O. X concinnum, O. X mirificum, and a good O. X Harryano-crispum. Mr. H.A. Tracy, Twickenham, received an Award of Merit for a white Cattleya called C. Mossiz alba Tracy’s var. Messrs. Stanley, Askton & Co., Southgate, showed a plant of Scuticaria Dodgsoni. At the commencement of the meeting, pursuant to notice, Norman C. Cookson, Esq., moved :—‘‘ That the resolution disqualifying plants that have been disbudded be rescinded, and that in future reasonable disbudding be permitted, bearing in mind the strength and size of the plant and general appearance of the spike.” After some discussion, an amendment was moved JuLy, 1904.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 215 that the existing rule be retained. On being put to the vote, the voting was equal, eleven voting for and eleven against the motion, and the Chairman thereupon gave his casting vote in icant of the amendment. MANCHESTER AND NORTH OF ENGLAND ORCHID. A MEETING of this Society was held at the Coal Exchange, Manchester, on June 16th, when there was a choice, if rather small, display of Orchids. W. Thompson, Esq., Stone (gr. Mr. Stevens), staged a small group of choice well-grown Odontoglossums, including a good plant of the fine O. Pescatorei giganteum, O. xX ardentissimum var. Fascinator, and O. x Crawshayanum, Thompson’s var., the two latter each receiving an Award of Merit. A splendid example of Cochlioda Neetzliana bearing nine spikes was awarded a Cultural Certificate. J. Leeman, Esq., Heaton Mersey (gr. Mr. Edge), received a First-class Certificate for Odontoglossum crispum var. Campania, a handsome form having roundish rich red-brown blotches regularly arranged on all the segments. Messrs. Sander & Sons, St. Albans, staged a fine group of showy hybrids, consisting chiefly of Lzlio-cattleyas, which gained a Silver-gilt Medal. A First-class Certificate was given to L.-c. x Martinetii var. Jupiter, a very fine variety having the sepals and petals rich bronzy brown, and the lip extremely dark, and Awards of Merit went to the varieties Saturn and Sunset, the former having dark rose segments, with some purple veining on the lip, and the latter bronzy yellow sepals and petals, and a claret-purple lip with a yellow disc. Messrs. Hugh Low & Co., Enfield, sent Cypripedium xX Baron Kuroki, said to have been derived from C. insigne Chantini x C. Lowianum, but the Committee thought there was a distinct trace of C. Rothschildianum in the flower, and owing to the doubt respecting the parentage no award was made. Messrs. A. J. Keeling & Sons, Bradford, and Mr. D. McLeod, Chorlton, each sent a small group, to which a Vote of Thanks was accorded. DENDROBIUM FALCONERI. DENDROBIUM Falconeri is a very distinct and beautiful plant, differing from all others in the genus in habit, and requiring special culture. The growth consists of large numbers of small stem-like pseudo-bulbs, only a few inches in length, each rooting separately from its base. To allow these to ramble away at will without anything tangible to cling to is to court failure at the outset, for each one should be within reach of something that the roots can lay hold of. 216 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [JuLy, 1904. I have tried it in various ways, such as placing a number of rough oak stakes in the pots, and disposing the stems as regularly as possible among them, tying the strongest and leaving them to take hold where they can, wiring to cork blocks and to pieces of tree-fern stems, and all have been satisfactory when once the stems have taken hold. But in no case must much compost be given, for the roots cannot take to it, and it lies as a wet mass about them, to their detriment. An old-fashioned and bad plan of growing this Orchid was wiring sods of peat to cork or wood blocks, and fastening the plants to it. The peat was always silting out and making a litter about the house, and was quite unsuited to the requirements of the roots. The upkeep of a proper atmosphere is very important in the case of D. Falconeri. It likes ample heat and exceptionally free supplies of moisture when the weather is bright during the growing season, but when it is dull no good comes from unduly forcing the heat. The moisture is necessary as much for the sake of keeping thrips in check as for hastening the growth, and if these insects are in a house at all they are sure to find out this superb plant. From the time the flowers fade until the little growths are com- plete, this quickened growing atmosphere must be maintained, when less heat and moisture, combined with sunlight, will ensure a thorough ripening. In winter a cool, restful temperature with only sufficient root moisture to prevent shrivelling is required, this in its turn being followed in spring by a gradually increasing heat, but only slight atmospheric moisture, until the flowers can be distinctly seen. In appearance the flowers are not unlike those of D. Wardianum, being pure white in ground colour, all the seg- ments tipped with amethyst, and the lip blotched with deep orange and purple.—H.R.R., in Journal of Horticulture. CALENDAR OF OPERATIONS FOR JULY. By JOHN Mackay, The Gardens, Highbury, Birmingham. THE general arrangement and treatment recommended for the month of May should still be continued, hence it will be unnecessary to repeat the details here. There may, of course, be instances where a slight departure from the general rule is advisable ; but this is a matter that must be left to the intelligence of the cultivator, who alone is in a position to judge of its desirability. To draw a hard and fast line, and follow it year by year, regardless of all changes—climatic and otherwise—is not what I should consider good practice. Theory is very good in its way, but it must go hand-in-hand with practice in order to secure the best results. Every one is liable to have failures with some of his plants before the road to success is found out ; and failures are most efficient instructors. They incite us to JULY, 1904. | THE ORCHID REVIEW. 217 further experiments, and these, coupled with careful observation of results, often lead to complete success. All repotting which it is intended to perform this season should be accomplished as far as possible during the present month, for if left until late in the season, the days begin to shorten, and there is but little time left for plants so disturbed to get well rooted again before the winter is upon them. Several species here and there will doubtless yet receive attention in this respect, probably a few Lelia purpurata, L. crispa, L. tenebrosa, Cattleyas Mossiz, Mendelii, and Skinneri, Lelia Dayana, and L. pumila. The last two are now breaking away very freely, and if repotted soon recover at this period, because, when they do make a start, growth is very rapid, new roots being formed in abundance. There are also a few of the late-blooming Odontoglossums in the Cool house, which can be dealt with now. On looking round, a few plants may now be found which have already completed their new growths, and these, of course, should have the lightest, driest, and most airy positions secured for them, but the supplies of water at the roots should not at present be greatly diminished, because the roots are still actively running, and drought at the present juncture would probably cause secondary growths, which are best if absent. Among these will be some of the earliest Cattleyas, such as C. Warscewiczii, Gaskelliana, and C. Warneri, which bloom immediately the new pseudo- bulb is completed, either with or without a sheath, and those failing to do so quickly will most probably fail to do so this year, no matter what treat- ment is given. Some of the earliest of the Dendrobiums and Thunias may also be finishing up, and these it will be better to shift into cooler quarters for a few months as they finish off, but, as before said, without reducing the water. ‘ In the East Indian house will be found some plants that have done flowering, as Cypripedium Stonei, C. Rothschildianum, C. Lawrenceanum, C. Curtisii, C. Sanderianum, C. X Swanianum, &c. These commence to grow very soon after the flowering period is over, so that if any require more pot room or fresh compost the matter should be attended to without delay. The dwarf-growing Cypripedium niveum, C. concolor, C. bellatulum, and C. Godefroy are amongst the general favourites, especially with hybridists, from which they have succeeded in raising several beautiful ybrids. Many growers find this section more difficult to manage than the majority of Cypripediums. All of them luxuriate in a warm, moist atmosphere, choosing the lightest position in the East Indian house, where they do not get too heavily shaded. The pans or pots used should be well drained, placing over the crocks a thin layer of moss, to secure the drainage. It is not necessary to elevate the plants above the rim of the pot, as if kept 218 THE ORCHID REVIEW. (JULY, 1904. about level with same they will do equally well. Allow plenty of root room, and fill up firmly with the following compost: good fibrous turfy loam, intermixed with lumps of limestone, about the size of walnuts, and a small quantity of sphagnum moss. Where limestone is not procurable, thick pieces of broken brick may be substituted, though it should be remembered that these plants are found growing naturally on limestone rocks, and very probably this contains something essential to their welfare. All the above species require a plentiful supply of water at all times, and more especially during the growing season. Instead of watering in the usual way with a can, itis better to stand them in a pail of water just covering the rim of the pot, and allowing them to remain for several minutes to ensure a good soak- ing. Thrips are very fond of the young foliage, and asharp look out for them is necessary. When sponging the leaves, care must be taken not to raise them more than is really necessary, or they will certainly crack, which greatly disfigures the plants, besides weakening them. Sobralias may be repotted as soon as the flowering season is past. Good turfy loam, mixed with broken crocks and coarse sand, suits them admirably. They should be potted firmly. Once strongly established they are of most easy growth, and give but little trouble. They make a large quantity of thick, fleshy roots, and must therefore have pots or pans of a reasonable size to contain them. When repotting it is not advisable to disturb the whole ball of roots more than is really necessary, for if pulled about much a great check is given. Most Sobralias delight in Intermediate or Cattleya house temperature, and in a good supply of water when grow- ing strongly, and a moderate supply during winter, as they have no special resting season. Odontoglossum Schlieperianum and the rare O. Williamsii are now. flowering, and will afterwards commence to grow, when they also should be repotted. They are very pretty Orchids when strong, but from small, weekly pseudo-bulbs the spikes are spindly, and the flowers insig- nificant, and therefore should not be allowed to flower until the plants are strong. They grow extremely well in the Belgian leaf soil, and the Inter- mediate house is the best place for them. Dendrobium infundibulum and its variety Jamesianum are not often met with in flourishing condition. They are often given too much heat; the Odontoglossum house is the right place for them during the hot summer weather. About the end of September, when the nights become cold, they should be placed at the cool end of the Intermediate house to complete and ripen their growth, and at all times they must be kept moist at the root, especially during the growing season. In the Mexican house it is necessary to protect the plants from direct sunshine: the blinds are therefore let down earlier in the morning and removed early again in the afternoon. Plenty of ventilation is needed, and nae wenn nN LEEDS NT JULY, 1gG04 | THE ORCHID REVIEW. 219 damping down is performed not less than three times a day. About four o'clock in the afternoon the top ventilators are closed, and the bottom ones partially so, the plants at the same time being well syringed overhead, The Lelia aneeps and other short bulbed Mexican Lalias are growing apace, and must now receive plenty of water as, being exposed more to the sunlight, and having so much air, they soon become dry. THE GENUS ACORIDIUM. For a long period it was doubtful what the genus Acoridium could represent. It was described by Nees and Meyen in 1843 (Nov. Act. Nat. Cur., xix, Suppl. i, p. 131), from fruiting specimens gathered by Meyen at Manila. The single species was called Acoridium tenellum, and it was supposed to belong to the small order Philydracee. In 1843 Endlicher placed it as a doubtful genus at the end of Burmanniacee (Mant. Gen. Pl., Suppl. iii., p. 59), and in 1879 Béckler transferred it to Cyperacee, as a genus between Scirpus and Eleocharis. In 1883 Bentham enumerated it at the end of Cyperacee as a quite doubtful plant (Gen. Pl., iii., p. 1043). Some years ago Mr. C. B. Clarke was studying the Cyperacee of the Berlin Herbarium, and among them found the type specimen of the doubtful plant, which he saw did not belong to Cyperacee, and when he showed it to me I instantly recognised it as a plant which Naves had referred to Ceratostylis gracilis, Blume (Blanco Fl. Filip., ed. 3, Nov. App. p. 245). It had been collected on Mt. Maquiling, at 3,000 feet altitude by Senor Vidal. That it was an Orchid was certain, but being without flowers there was a little doubt as to the genus. More recently Loher again collected it in the province of Benguet, in fruit, at Naguliang, at about 4,500 feet elevation, and also at Mariveles. The two latter being in flower enabled its position to be determined, and it proved identical with Platyclinis. On searching to find if it had received any other name, I found a description by Reichenbach of Dendrochilum junceum (Otia Bot. Hamb., p. 54) which evidently represents the same species. This was collected at Banos, by Wilkes, and at Mahahai, by Wallis. It, however, is not a Dendrochilum, but belongs to Platyclinis, which now proves to be ante-dated by Acoridium by nearly forty years. It is unfortunate that its identity was not discovered earlier, for it now disturbs the nomenclature of some thirty odd species. The following are already known :— A. ABBREVIATUM (Dendrochilum abbreviatum, Blume). Java. A. AuRITUM (Dendrochilum auritum, Blume). Java. A. ARACHNITES (Dendrochilum arachnites, Rchb. f.). Philippines. A. BARBIFRONS (Platyclinis barbifrons, Kranzl). Sumatra. A. BISTORTUM (Platyclinis bistorta, Wendl. et Krianzl.). Malaya. 220 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [JULY, 1904. A. BRACHYOTUM (Dendrochilum brachyotum, Rchb. f.). Java. A. BRACTEOSUM (Liparis bracteosa, Lindl., Dendrochilum bracteosum, Rchb. f.). Malaya. A. BREVILABRATUM (Platyclinis brevilabrata, Rendle). Sumatra. A. COBBIANUM (Dendrochilum Cobbianum, Rchb. f.). Philippines. A. CONVALLARLEFORME (Dendrochilum convallarizforme, Schauer). Philippines. A. CORNUTUM (Dendrochilum cornutum, Blume). Java. A. CORRUGATUM (Platyclinis corrugata, Ridl.). Borneo. A. CUCUMERINUM (Dendrochilum cucumerinum, Rchb. f.). Probably Philippines. A. EDENTULUM (Dendrochilum edentulum, Blume). Java. A. EROSUM (Dendrochilum erosum, Rchb. f.). Java. A. FILIFORME (Dendrochilum filiforme, Lindl.). Philippines. A. GLOBIGERUM (Platyclinis globigera, Ridl.). Borneo. A. GRACILE (Platyclinis gracilis, Hook. f.). Perak. A. GLUMACEUM (Dendrochilum glumaceum, Lindl.). Philippines. A. GRANDIFLORUM (Platyclinis grandiflora, Ridl.). Borneo. A. Kinet (Platyclinis Kingii, Hook. f.). Perak and Borneo. A. LATIFOLIUM (Dendrochilum latifolium, Lindl.). Philippines. A. LINEARE (Platyclinis linearis, Ridl.). Malay Peninsula. A. LINEARIFOLIUM (Dendrochilum linearifolium, Hook. f.). Malay Peninsula. A. LONGIFOLIUM (Dendrochilum longifolium, Rchb. f.).. Malaya. A. MAGNUM (Dendrochilum magnum, Rchb. f.). Philippines. A. PUMILUM (Dendrochilum pumilum, Rchb. f.). Philippines. A. RUFUM (Platyclinis rufa, Rolfe). Habitat not known. A. SARAWAKENSE (Platyclinis sarawakensis, Ridl.).. Borneo. A. SIMILE (Dendrochilum simile, Blume). Malaya. A. STACHYODES (Platyclinis stachyodes, Ridl.). Borneo. A. TENELLUM, Nees et Meyen (Dendrochilum junceum, Rchb. f., Ceratochilus gracilis, Naves). Philippines. A. UNCATUM (Dendrochilum uncatum, Rchb. f.). Philippines. Dendrochilum fuscum, Teijsm et Binn., appears to be identical with Pholidota carnea, Lindl. At least ten of the species are known in cultivation, though a few of them are rare. All are very graceful, and A. filiforme is often known as the Golden Chain Orchid. A. Cobbianum is also most effective when well grown. A. glumaceum is one of the best known, and a figure of the variety validum was given at page 73. R. A. ROLFE. ee Sie ane JuLy, 1904.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 221 ORCHI-GYMNADENIA x LEGRANDIANA. A VERY interesting Orchid has been gathered near Dorking, by F. A. Marshead, Esq., of Guildford, who found it growing with Orchis maculata, and on comparison I believe it to be a natural hybrid between the species named and Gymnadenia conopsea, which is known under the above name. A note respecting it appeared in these pages in 1899 (vol. vii., p. 274), and it may be advisable to complete its history. Such a hybrid was discovered in Austria as long ago as 1875, and was described by Reichardt under the name of Orchis X Heinzeliana, its relation to both parents being shown (Verh. Zool.-Bot. Gesell. Wien, xxvi., p. 464). In 1890 such a plant was discovered in France by M. G. Camus, and described as Gymnadenia X Legrandiana (Buil. Soc. Bot. Fr., xxxvii., p. 217), which the author after- wards changed to Orchi-gymnadenia xX Legrandiana, because the parents belong to different genera (Fourn. de Bot., 1892, p. 478). None of these plants have been figured, nor have I seen specimens, but the one now sent is as thoroughly intermediate. The lip is far broader than in Gymnadenia, and has angular side lobes, as in Orchis maculata, with the front Icbe, how- ever, equally well developed. The spur is slender and curved, and about twice as long as the lip, while in shape, texture, and size the flower is inter- mediate between the two. Orchis maculata has a straight spur, about as long as the lip, while in Gymnadenia conopsea the spur is curved, slender, and about four times as long as the lip. The hybrid might presumably occur wherever the two parents grow intermixed. . A. ROLFE. DISA VENOSA. Disa venosa, Swartz, is a rare Cape species, which, so far as I know, has not yet appeared in cultivation. Some time ago Mr. J. O’Brien obtained some bulbs from the Cape Peninsula, but the first which has flowered, in the collection of the Hon. Walter Rothschild, at Tring Park, proves to be a light form of D. racemosa, a closely allied species, which, however, as Mr. Bolus remarks, may always be distinguished by its narrower, more angular, cuneate dorsal sepal, and its less rounded lateral sepals. It is also a smaller plant, having leaves from 3 to 14 inches long, and the scapes bear from one to three flowers. D. racemosa is about twice as luxuriant, and has a broadly ovate-orbicular dorsal. sepal. Schlechter has recently reduced D. venosa as a variety of D. racemosa, but the two Seem quite con- _ stant in their differences, which Mr. Bolus confirms by their study in the field. Both are natives of the Cape Peninsula, Mr. Bolus giving the habitat of D. venosa as moist grassy places in the lower plateau of Table Mountain, at 2,400 feet elevation, while D. racemosa grows there at about the same altitude and down to 800 feet below sea level. R.A. ROLFE. 222 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [JULY, 1904. NOTES. THE next meeting of the Royal Horticultural Society will be held at Holland House, Kensington, by kind permission of the Earl of Ilchester, on Tuesday and Wednesday, July 12th and 13th. The Orchid Committee will meet at 11 a.m. on the first day, and the Show will be open to Members at 12.30 p.m. The following meeting will be held at the Society’s New Hall, Vincent Square, on Friday, July 22nd, on which date the Hall will be formally opened by their Majesties the King and Queen. The Manchester and North of England Orchid Society will hold meet- ings at the Coal Exchange, Manchester, on July 15th and 29th. The Committee meets at noon, and the exhibits are open to inspection from 1 to 3 p.m. : A very handsome flower is sent from the collection of R. G. Thwaites, Esq., of Streatham (gr. Mr. Black), called Odontoglossum Pescatorei Grand Duchess. The segments are very broad, and the flower measures barely under 34 inches in diameter across the petals. These are pure white, but the sepals are tinged with purple, in the dorsal chiefly ina band along the median line. The lip is finely shaped, and the basal markings very rich red- purple, with a few similar spots in front of the crest. The inflorescence bore eleven flowers, and this is the third time the plant has bloomed, and the flowers are said to have had the same character on each occasion. It is a very striking form. Five good flowers of Odontoglossum crispum are sent from the collection of J. Wharin, Esq., of Masbro, Rotherham. Four may be described as fairly typical, and the other is O. c. roseum. One of the others, however, has unspotted petals with a few blotches on the sepals and lip. They are from a small amateur’s collection, and all are finely developed, showing that their culture has been thoroughly grasped. Is it a fact that Cattleya Mossize and C. Mendelii cannot be intercrossed ? We have been told so by an expert hybridist, and it would be rather interest- ing to have particulars of the attempts that have been made. A plant of the pretty little Cleistoma secundum (Rolfe) has just flowered in the collection of Mrs. Brandt, of Zurich. It is believed to be a native of Burma, and was introduced by Messrs. Hugh Low & Co., who flowered it in 1890. It has narrow oblong leaves, some 34 to 5 inches long, and shorter, more or less drooping racemes, on which the flowers are arranged in a more or less erect manner. Thus the racemes are one-sided. re a das JULY, 1904.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 223 The pedicels are 6 or 7lines long, and the flowers are blush-pink, with a rather darker fleshy lip, the spur, side lobes, and crest being white. Odontoglossum crispum Donovan is a large and handsomely blotched form from the collection of J. Leemann, Esq., Heaton Mersey. The flowers measure three inches across, and have rather elongated segments, prettily tinged with rase and heavily blotched with brown. A form of Lelio-cattleya x Bertha is also sent from the same collection, derived from Cattleya Schroederz and Leelia grandis. It was overlooked at the time that the hybrid described at p. 158, under the name of L.-c. X Rocksand, was a form of the same, and the present one has more bronzy sepals and petals. Two beautiful Odontoglossums are sent from the collection of Darcy E. Taylor, Esq., of Chippenham. One seems to be a form of O. X Adriane with a white ground colour and prettily spotted; the other is suggested as a possible second hybrid between O. X Andersonianum and O. crispum, as it most resembles the former, but has much broader segments. In colouring it most resembles the variety Ruckerianum. SALE OF ORCHIDS FROM OAKWOOD. A SALE of duplicate Orchids from the collection of N. C. Cookson, Esq., Oakwood, Wylam-on-Tyne, took place at Messrs. Protheroe & Morris’ Rooms, Cheapside, at 3 p.m. on May 31st, and was largely attended. Eighty-one lots were offered, all but three of which were sold, the aggregate sum realised being over £5,000. The majority were Odontoglossums, and included some of the choicest varieties. O. crispum Cooksone reached the record price of 640 guineas. O.c. Franz Masereel fetched 570 gs., A. Warburton, Esq., being the purchaser. O.c. Mundyanum went to Baron Schréder at 435 guineas. Messrs. Sander & Son secured a plant of O. c. Grairianum at 370 gs. O.c. Ashworthianum fetched 280 gs., and O. c. Luciani 250 gs., both going to H. T. Pitt, Esq. O.c. Cooksonianum sold well, one plant fetching 220 gs., while others went at 170, 90, 75, and two at 85 gs. each. O.c. Grace Ruby was knocked down at 210 gs. to Messrs. MacBean. O.c. Regina and O. c. Mariz went for 180 gs. each, the former to J. Leemann, Esq., the latter to M. Jules Hye, the former also securing two plants of O. c. Rossendale at 120 gs. each. O.c. Raymond Crawshay fetched 52 gs., O. c. tessellatum 50 gs., and O. c. Massangeanum 40 gs., all going to Mr. W. Bolton. Others fetched good prices, and some rare Cypripedes also sold well, F. Wellesley, Esq., and Mr. W. Bolton being among the purchasers. 224 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [JuLy, 1904. ORCHID PORTRAITS. BULBOPHYLLUM WEDDELI, Rchb. f.—Bot. Mag., t. 7958. CALANTHE DISCOLOR.—Gard. Chron., 1904, 1., p. 389, fig. I71. CYPRIPEDIUM SPECTABILE (growing wild in Canada).—Garden, 1904, 1., p- 447, with fig. CyYPRIPEDIUM VILLOSUM.—Garden, 1904, 1., p. 435, with fig. - DENDROBIUM NOBILE (with 1350 flowers).—Journ. Hort., 1904, 1., p. 511, with fig. VAR. VIRGINALE.—Gard. Chron., 1904, iy Pp. 357; fig, rs EPIDENDRUM STAMFORDIANUM.—Garden, 1904, 1., p. 391, with fig. H#MARIA DAwSONIANA.—Gard. Chron., 1904, 1., p. 387, fig. 170. L2LIA PURPURATA QUEEN ALEXANDRA.—Gard. Ghron., 1904, 1., p. 363, fig. 160. , L#LIO-CATTLEYA X HIGHBURIENSIS.—Wien. Ill. Gart.-Zett., 1904, p 201, fig. 45, with plate. L#LIO-CATTLEYA X LUMINOSA THE MiKkapo.—Gard. Mag., 1904, pp. 405, 408, with fig. MASDEVALLIA X PouRBAIXII.—Gard. Mag., 1904, p. 373, with fig. ODONTIODA X VUYLSTEKE%.—Gard. Chron., 1904, 1., p. 360, fig. 159; Gard. Mag., 1904, p. 376, with fig.; Garden, 1904, 1., p. 433, with fig. ; Journ. Hort., 1904, i., p. 487, with fig. ODONTOGLOSSUM CRISPUM HaroLpD.—/Journ. Hort., 1904, 1., p. 553, with : ODONTOGLOSSUM NEBULOSUM GURNEY WILSON.—Gard. Chron., 1904, 1., p. 356, fig. 155. RESTREPIA ANTENNIFERA, R. GUTTATA, R. LANSBERGII, R. LEOPARDINA, and R. srriata.—Gard. Mag., 1904, p. 369, with fig. SOBRALIA RUCKERI.—Journ. Hort., 1904, i., p. 531, with fig. CORRESPONDENCE. ( = se not answered here may find "got to their queries on other Paes, and in tie? cases, for various oe, ihey ae ay have to we over for a future issue. In the case of hybric seedlings pitt pel , the parentage and history shoul fila be briefly stated, ye “uithost ca details we are not aieeayh able to deal with them satisfacto W. C.W. All four — are forms of Odon bbe ossum Hunnewellianum, n. 2 being the best. The resemblan x Adrianz arises from the fact that O. Hunnewellianum is one of the parents of that. The cient colour varies trom pale to bright nse and the amount - spotting varies eaeinths, but the eens of the lip and column wings are fairly constant. The flowers of Oncidium Marshallianum seem to be practically alike ey as would a expected yen all are on the same inflorescence, but will probably come ’ better when the plant is stronger d Pye as 5 Acct feceived badly decayed and mouldy, but appear to be as follows :— Catasetum macrocarpum, Cattleya Forbesii, Vanda Denisonz, V. suavis, and a small form of Oncidium sphacelatum. From sucn a distance they would have come better oni flat between blotting Ln si . W.. Ly e cochleata and Creed Mastersianum. ‘3 Pog. 4, ere litums ; 2, O. caloglossum ; 3, O. Gardneri. t up. T H. We wi toc W.H.R- Unavoidably postponed. Photographs received, with thanks, R.G.T., G.P’A., 0.0.W. Several notes are unavoidably held over till ‘next month. SP, eee MURRAY'S PATENT ORCHID STAND. If you want to grow Orchids to perfection and for profit *“*Try a few on Stands.” Pronounced by most of the leading Orchid Growers to be perfection. MILLIONS SOLD. Patented by William Murray, late Orchid C now with American Well Works, 145, Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C. Price List containing full information from The United Wire oat a ati NEWCASTLE-ON-TY ORCHIDS. ~ ORCHIDS, se po of our Rové — “Ne Stock = Acie and new range of ORCHID SES is — Sere ited: Rare and Choice Cypripediums, Cendrobiums, &c. a speciality. DESCRIPTIVE CAFALOGUES POST FREE. ———— a ae A.J. KEELING & SONS, Orchid Growers & Fmporters, THE GRANGE NURSERIES, Westgate Hill, Bradford, Yorks. H. A. BURBERRY’S system of personally Giving Ad- vice and Demonstrating Methods of Orchid Cultivation insures suc- cess and satisfaction. One gentleman says: “I consider your visit has been worth £100 to me.” All desirous of having the benefit of his long experience in matters affecting the welfare of their Orchids, should communicate small fee. H. B. attends gtr Sales, and will “be pleased to rece com- missions to buy for those ae fess attend ApprEss: Ethel House, King’s Heath, BIRMINGHAM, SANDER’S ORCHID GUIDE TAINING ALL THE pest KNOWN SPECIES AND IETI )F ORCHIDS ‘IN CULTIVATION. Their native nr _— iptions of the plants ane wers, season of flov ring, best method of culti tion, temperatures, watering, potting, wanton &e. Concise, reliable, instructive & useful, ern with NAMES and P: aEn AGES of all the KNOWN HYB BRID ORCHIDS Arranged in tabular, alphabetical form so that all Hybrids derived from each species or hybrid may be ascertained at a glance. 830 pages, strongly bound. Expert. o syne psa alike A = mateur & 6d. Now RE THE ee ing this i able work up-t date. Can be had bound in with the Guide, or separate in Half-re Price 2 SANDER | & SONS, ORCHIDS. Those especially who contemplate forming a Collection would profit by consulting: STANLEY, ASHTON & Co., SOUTHGATE, LONDON, N., whose advice and plants would be found equally good. ORCHIDS. As we are receiving at short intervals importations of ORCHIDS IN VARIETY, we shall be pleased to quote particulars on application. CATTLEYA LABIATA just arrived. Apply for Catalogue. of Established Orchids. HOOLEY BROS, mporters and Grower BITTERNE PARK, SOU THAMP TON. ODONTOGLOSSUM CRISPUM, Choice of Fine Varieties: Selected O. crispum, with large and round flowers for Exhibition purposes. IMPORTER and GROWER, a harmps, bat ae of Avenue, d’Auderghem), ETTERBEEK. BRUSSELS. EAST INDIAN ORCHIDS. DELIVERED TO ANY ADDRESS, WHOLESALE OR RETAIL. Price List on application to S. P. CHATTERJEE, Victoria Nursery, CALCUTTA. ORCHID PEAT. FINEST QUALITY IN ENGLAND. Selected Sample; Solid Fibre; Three |-. Bushel Bag 10 PEAT DUST for Azaleas, &c., 3s. per bag. SAMPLE ee TESTIMONIAL ON iach een rmomnss A. MAPLES, Ranmoor, SHEFFIELD. VALLS EETLEGUTE Supplied to H.» The vt fl safe infallible exterminator of BEETLES, ANTS, COCKROA ponEY WOODLICE , Ete., how ever nume Medal of the R. ya mets h ei Silver Medz al of Royal B. satanic Soc., L ondon, March, 1904 food these insects eat eagerly. i will be TLECOTE i or some nights withe out Paton they entirely siaaas ted. SONOUS TO HUMAN pe rsic & ANIMALS. ek. is, and 2s.6d. Fil ee 1s. * Sold Eve ery where VALLS & CO., 16 Coleman Street, London, .C BEE If used fc EE Here ORCHIDS! ORCHIDS!! PARISIAN BLINDS R ORCHID HOUSES JOHN COWAN & Co Ltd (Awarded si 50 PRIZE MEDALS). HAVE A VERY LARGE AND FINE STOCK OF ORCHIDS all in the very finest health and ee and they are const: intly adding to their Stock such Species and Varieties as are ik ely TO INTEREST CONNOISSEURS. Importations are also being oe received from various parts of the W Special attention ; given to orders for Export Inspection invited. Descriptive and Priced rma slate a free, on application to the mpa Send for Particulars, Price List, and Testimonials to GATEACRE NURSERIES, W. RICHARDSON & GATEACRE. Nr. LIVERPOOL. Horticultural Saliiers, DARLINGTON. ; : Mention Orchid Review when appl Telephone—70 Gateacre (Contractors for the new — ss-houses at FE us Gardens, Telegrams— Cowan, Gateacre." Wisley). Imperishable Horticultural aa INVALUABLE FOR ORCHID HOUSES AND CONSERVATORIES GENERALLY. Patented in 44 SE. a9 Patented - All Countries. g All Countries. Absolutely Unequalled in Appearance, Easy Working, Permanence and Economy. These Paints have been Soecified for the New Royal Horticultural Society’s Hall, The LUBROSE PAINT Go. (°"°37:2""") Moorgate Station Chambers, E.C. Telephone: 478 Central. Telegraphic Address: “ Perfectum, London,” PATENT FAST-DYED KHAKI COTTON NETTING. For Shading Orchid and other Greenhouses. ABSOLUTELY FAST. WELL SHRUNK. THE GLASS WILL NOT RaQUIES STAINING. EERE TG SS SR Price tiwe and Patterns Pree on application to— ( SOLE Ae E. SPINNER & CO., cents Bo Shh MANCHESTER & BOMBAY. Sp = - CONTRACTORS TO H.M. WAR OFFICE & INDIA OFFICE. ED TRAD NOTICNR. 10° READERS.-OF THE ORCHID REVIEW A Notice of the Orchid Stud-Book appeared in our December issue. This work has been compiled, upon a uniform plan, up to the end of 1903, giving the name, parentage, raiser or exhibitor, and date of appearance, with references to descriptions and figures, and other matters, and will be published as soon as possible. It is intended to continue the records monthly in the OrcHip Review, as far as possible on the same system, thus giving a ready means of reference to existing hybrids, and, we hope, a means of checking the growing confusion into which the subject has fallen. Full details appeared in our March issue. CROSS’S SPECIALITIES FOR THE GARDEN. CROSS'S VAPORISER (NICOTINE FUMIGATING COMPOUND). 16s. per pint (equal si 40,000 Cubic Feet). eduction of 20 per cent. on teen current price. No.1 Size—1 Pint Bottle, containi om Liquid for 40 Sy er fe ws 16/- each. No, 2 Size—4 00 BA 8 No. 3 Size—toz.. a so 1308 Me & Pi nF 5/3 No. eae a 4 ‘i ‘a mee a cs uc - oe 3/6 No. 5 Size—2 ,, ae 1/9 Vv apor ising Fumig: ator, Sin: 1 size, for 2, 2,000 cubic feet 1/9 each. Large size, fc 00 2/6 ee GARDEN FERTILIZER. LUB DE. t., 16/- ; 56lb., 8/- ; 281b., 5/- ; 141b., 3/- ; 7ib., 2/-; 3lb., 1/3- | 4 new anal and Soil Purifier. Destroys all ground ss Canisters, 6d., 1/- and 2/6 ce | vermin. ; CROSS’S ORGANIC GUANO. 14/- per cwt. 5/6 per gallon, carriage paid, One gallon will make 2,000 LUNT’S CHRYSANTHEMUM MANURE. galas of soliion. FOR POTTING SUIL. BALLIKINRAIN ANT DESTROYER. 20/- per cwt 11/-y er half cwt., 6/- ag quarter cwt. (Carriage | 2/6 and 2/6 per bottle. aid). Insn oe tack. 141b , 3/6; 7ib., Tins, \ anes ib» 2¢. In Tins, 64. | GRoss’s MILDEW & I INSECT DESTROYER. Quantities of 1 cwt. and over carriage paid. | 10/6 per gallon, 2/6 per pint, carriage pai LUNT’S scent crabs MIXTURE. | NECROS VAPORISING POWDERS. For developing Chry nthemum = other fowers. This is (Generates Hydrocyanide- dade Gas.) a purely soluble compound of a very valuable nz ature and No. 1 set equal to 15, 600 cubic a 3f-. Id b ater as directed. Full instructions | No. 2 set, equal to 7,500 cubic feet, 4/-. given with each pete tines In Tins at 1/-. 2/6 and 5/6 each. | pte iratus, 2/6 each. TO BE HAD OF ALL NURSERYMEN AND SEEDSMEN, OR FROM ALEXANDER CROSS & SONS, Ltd., 19 HOPE STREET, GLASGOW, & 79 MARK LANE. LONDON. — a ORCHIDS A SPECIALITY. Messrs. Charlesworth & Co. Heaton, BRADFORD, Have a large and fine stock of established and imported OrcuIDs. INSPECTION INVITED. By Special Appointment ito His grenTy the King. ORCHIDS ! ORCHIDS QUANTITY IMMENSE. Inspection of our New Range of Houses IS CORDIALLY INVITED BY HUGH LOW & C0., BUSH HILL PARK, MIDDLES Ex. ORCHIDS. Clean, healthy, well-grown plants at reasonable prices ; many large specimens and rare varieties. CHOICE DENDROBES A SPECIALITY. Please write for List. JAMES CYPHER, EXOTIC NURSERIES, CHELTENHAM. Jd; WEEKS: & CoO., Léa. borticultural Builders - the Prince of Wales, ~~» War To His Majesty, H.R.H .+ Royal Hort. Soc., ks and Public Buildings. TELEGRAPH, “HORTULANUS,”’ Lonoon. Patentees of the Duplex Upright Tubular Boilers, KING’S ROAD, CHELSEA, S.W. MANCHESTER & NORTH OF ENGLAND Orchid Society. HeaDQUARTERS: THE COAL EXCHANGE, MARKET PLACE, MANCHESTER. The next MEETINGS of the COMMITTEE the purpose of agg orig upon the Orchids submitted will be held on July 15th and 29th, 1904, at 12 o’clock prompt. i to Members from I to 3 oclock p P. WEATHERS, Hon. sec. Botanical Gardens, Manchester. ORCHID HOUSES A SPECIALTY Y. FOR Conservatories, Orchid Houses, Ferneries, Cacumober and Melon Houses, Vineries, ete. yy Hf i Mt Sort 1 1 y im, (TY rHH 1 FOR All Classes of Hot Water Boilers and Heating Apparatus. ® Printed by R. W. Srmpson & Co., Ltd. Richmond Pr23s, Sheen Road, Richmond, Surcey. Subscriptions for 1904 are now due. Vout. XII. ]} AUGUST, 1904. [No. t4o0. . THE ORCHID REVIEW: En Fllustrated Monthly Fournal of Orchidology. Contents. PAGE PAGE Albino Cattleyas 229 | Notes ids an yi Se RS Angrecum Rothsc hildianum 230 Odontoglossam apterum var. Gurney Calendar of Operations for ae 250 Wilson (Fig. 37) .. 233 Cattleya Warscewiczii (Fig. 38) 241 Gesnrentoasat x Brice 240 Cocrespaninc 256 | Oncidium Warneri ... 232 Cypripedium niveum — er 248 | Orchid Portraits 256 Dendrobium Be ecaccsine (Fig. 39) 249 | Orchids at Rosefieli, ‘Sev eno ates ys 234 Dendrobium regium 228 rchids, extinction of native 238 Dendrobiums at Wey bedve 254 Orchids i in Season ... ae 253 Dies Orchidiani 225 Phalznopsis, culture of 237 Dipodium, habits of 231 | Platyclinis mens 239 Hzmaria Dawsoniana 236 | Snails on Orch 232 Novelties 230 | Societies 242 Catusetum wionedee 231 Royal ‘1 Giticiileeal 242 Cymbidium insigne 230 Thrips 225 PRICE SIXPENCE MONTHLY. Post FREE '7/- PER ANNUM—SEE OVERLEAF. SANDER & SONS, x2. Largest Importers and Growers of Orchids in the World. . ROYAL WARRANT HOLDERS TO THE KING. William Bull & Sons WoOoRLD-RENOWNED ORCHIDS. MYBRID, ESTABLISHED AND IMPORTED. We cordially invite inspection of our new Orchid Houses. 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SCALE OF CHARGES FOR ADVERTISEMENTS. for review, should Kew Ss 2. 8..d, Five lines ae under in column... O 2 6 Half column or eg ares ee ¢ O- 1S Per line aft 0 6 One column or ha ot Se One-eighth ais fe OLE vVv7hole page Res” Lan’, & al Quarter column or eighth page vee Od Advertisements and late news should be received not later than the 24th of the month. ‘Mopkreliont Wholkah Orde oul pests sent to MARSHALL BROTHERS, Keswick Hovusgz, PATERNOSTER Row, Lonpon, E.C NEW STRAWBERRY. “President Coubet.” A seedling from a cross between Waterloo and Lord Napier. In size and general appearance the fruit resembles Waterloo; the flesh is highly perfumed, firm and juicy, and of a deep crimson-red colour ; the flavour is superior to that of Water/oo, and in the way of that of Zord Napier. As a late-fruiting variety it is an acqul- sition. PRICE, Plants in Pots, 6s. per dozen; 42s. per 100. Runners from the open ground, in September, 21s, per 100. JAMES VEITCH & SONS, LTD., CHELSEA, S.W. THE ORCHID REVIEW. VoL. XII.] _ AUGUST, 1904. [No. 140. DIES ORCHIDIANI. THE Royal Horticultural Society has just celebrated its centenary by Opening its new Horticultural Hall, in Vincent Square, Westminster, and I need make no apology for calling it a very important event in the Orchid world. It will henceforth be the home of the Orchid Committee, and the centre to which Orchidists will make their fortnightly pilgrimages. The influence which the Royal Horticultural Society has exercised on Orchid culture since its inauguration in March, 1804, is incalculable. Had it not at one time a very fine collettion of its own? Did it not send numerous collectors in search of these, among other plants? And was not the great Dr. Lindley for many years one of its leading spirits? And coming down to modern times we find Orchids becoming of such importance that in 1889 a special committee was appointed to deal with them, the importance of whose work there is no need for me to emphasise here. I need not go into the history of the New Hall. Suffice it to say that it has been built in commemoration of the Society’s Centenary, and that it was opened on Friday, July 22nd, by Their Majesties the King and Queen, the occasion being a special one, and not accompanied by a show. Before leaving the Hall the Queen was pleased to accept a bouquet of Orchids from Lady Lawrence, into the composition of which, the Gardeners’ Chronicle observes, “entered, appropriately enough, Odonto- glossum crispum, long known as O. Alexandre. This favourite Orchid was discovered by Hartweg, one of the Society’s collectors, and introduced to cultivation by Weir, another of the Society’s collectors.” The first exhibition inthe New Hall took place on the following Tuesday, July 26th, and, besides the novelty of the occasion, was interesting to Orchidists for two other reasons. One of these was the appearance of Angrecum infundibulare, from the collection of Lord Rothschild, a remarkable species, which has not previously appeared in 225 226 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [AUGUST, 1904. cultivation, and to whicha First-class Certificate was given; the other was a lecture on Orchids by Mr. James Bidgood. The show was also exceptionally rich in varieties. The meeting brought together a large muster of Fellows, and afforded a good opportunity for the inspection of the building, which seemed to give general satisfaction. The Exhibition Hall isa great improvement on the Drill Hall, in which the meetings have been held up to the present, for, including the two annexes, it has nearly double the area, and the arrange- ments for lighting, heating, and ventilating the building are greatly superior. The Orchid Committee sat in one of the annexes, and the lecture was given in the Lecture Room upstairs. The Library and Offices are also well appointed, and when a little more time has elapsed to enable things to settle down into working order the Society will be much better equipped for its work, and my readers will join in wishing it increased prosperity in its new home. I alluded to the appearance of the remarkable Odontioda x Vuylstekez -at page 162, and now I see we have a fine photographic illustration at page 209, in which its relation to its parents is well shown. It is strikingly -distinct from both, and while an undoubted horticultural acquisition it is equally interesting on other grounds. It is, perhaps, not very remarkable that the two should cross together, for they are nearly related—in fact, the Cochlioda was once called Odontoglossum—but it is rather curious how much of the Odontoglossum shape has come out in the hybrid. I wonder how long it will be before other seedlings make their appearance in the flowering -Stage. The Gardeners’ Chronicle remarks :—‘‘ The colour of the segments is so peculiar that no two people whom we asked were in agreement about it. ‘Salmon-cherry,’ an odd combination, truly—was as near an approximation as words would convey. The toothed crest of the lip was yellow. A cut spike bearing six flowers, each about 24 inches across, was all that was exhibited, but the Committee waived their usual rule of requiring a plant to be placed before them by granting the spike a First-class Certificate. A Botanical Certificate would have been much more appropriate, and would really have conferred greater honour; but unfortunately exhibitors do not attach much importance to that award, and it is one that carries little or no financial weight, so this most wonderful hybrid has to take its place amongst the multitudinous ruck of plants honoured by First-class Certificates.” This is almost suggestive of the need of a special Certtficate to meet such exceptional cases, for we once had the definition that a Botanical Certificate ial > ee . 3 a8 AuGuST, 1904.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 227 was given to indicate that in the Committee’s opinion the plant on which it was bestowed was ‘‘ not worthy of commendation for cultural or decorative purposes ’’—truly a rather dubious honour. Seedling Odentoglossums are very much to the front just now, for we have not Only the photographs of four striking forms which were exhibited at the recent Temple Show, at page 201, and which will be useful for reference later on, but also a detailed account of the remarkable series of seedlings in the collection of De Barri Crawshay, Esq. It is interesting to have such full particulars of the methods employed, and it should enable others to follow up the work with greater certainty of success. We seem to have arrived at the eve of a great development. What is a species? The question is again raised by a rather interesting article which has just reached me. From it I learn that a plant has been discovered which exhibits ‘ the long sought property of producing each year a number of new species.” And they appear to be numerous, too, for a little later on it is said that the plant ‘‘ produces each year a large number of new species.” This remarkable plant is GEnothera Lamarckiana, and I am a little relieved to find that it is not an Orchid. But if ordinary plants are beginning to behave like this, what may we not expect from Orchids? Indeed, from the general line of argument I have a suspicion that they may already exist, and a little search may yield some interesting discoveries. At all events the following is suggestive :— “The progress of modern horticulture. is largely due to the practical cultivator taking advantage of the natural tendency to variation that exists in all plants. He induces plants to vary from the type, and later endeavours to ‘fix’ it in the case of a plant propagated by seed, or he perpetuates the variation by the vegetation process of grafting. Thus he makes new varieties. We talk of a ‘species.’ What do we mean? Only that the plant is like some others. And we place limitations upon it by a certain circumscribed range of variation. These smaller, inconstant varia- tions we accept as normal; an unusual variation or ‘sport’ always calls our attention. Until recently the general belief has been that new species were formed by successive small variations from the mean, until, so to speak, the balance was overtopped and a new centre was established. And this may be a true hypothesis in some cases. The ‘mutation’ theory of De Vries accounts for new species by sudden jumps; and, following up this line of thought, De Vries has actually been successful in seeing new species originate from the old ones. But further than that, it is his belief that this jumping tendency is natural manifestation and recurs Periodically.” 228 THE ORCHID REVIEW. (AUGUST, 1904 Have we not already observed something of this jumping tendency among Orchids? We must evidently be prepared for anything now. We also learn that an important deduction has been made from the discovery, namely, that ‘‘ the struggle for existence lies not between the individuals, but between species.’”’ I begin to wonder whether we have not several different kinds of ‘‘ species” about. ARGUS. THRIPS. DurinG the past spell of hot, dry weather and east and north-east winds: we have been troubled a great deal with thrips, which are most difficult to dislodge when they get a footing among small seedlings—much more: difficult than one would believe. The damage which they do to very small seedlings is incalculable. The plants become crippled and cankered when it is so particularly essential to get quick and strong growth, for a strong beginning means so much in the saving of time—that bugbear of the Orchid Hybridist. Wherever thrips appear, it is safest to fumigate at once, and to repeat the fumigation once or twice at intervals of one or two: days, so that any eggs which the first fumigation failed to destroy may be caught before they in turn have time to multiply, which they do very rapidly in hot-houses, if neglected. The plants should be fairly dry before fumigating takes place, so that the fumes may follow those thrips which drop on and into the surface of the compost. As “X LAIl” is a rather expensive commodity, one cannot help a tendency to use it as sparingly as possible, but as the health and well-being of the plants is the first consideration, it is false economy to spare it as long as a thrip is alive. J. M. Black. DENDROBIUM REGIUM. ABouT two years ago a fine new Indian Dendrobium was described by Dr.. Prain, Director of the Royal Botanic Garden, Calcutta, under the name of D. regium, of which particulars have already been given in these pages (vol. x., p. 293). Shortly afterwards a living plant was sent to Kew, which. has now produced a two-flowered raceme, showing the species to be both distinct and very handsome. As originally pointed out, it is allied to D.. nobile, which it closely resembles in habit ; indeed, the most obvious. difference as the two grow side by side is in the veining of the leaf sheaths, which inthe novelty are more like those of D. crepidatum. The inflores- cence also and shape of the flowers indicate the same affinity,. but there is. Avcust, 1604 ] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 229 a striking difference in the total absence of a maroon disc. In fact the throat is clear yellow, surrounded by a zone of cream white before passing into the light rosy purple limb. The sepals and petals are of the latter colour throughout, and otherwise resemble a fine D. nobile in shape. The petals are broadly ovate, twenty lines long by thirteen lines broad, and the sepals are similar in length by seven lines broad. The lip is convolute, as long as the petals, and nine lines broad in front, but expands artificially to fourteen lines. The mentum is dorsally compressed, and four lines long. It seems to have the same vigorous constitution as D. nobile, and it is curious how great is the general affinity between the two species, yet the clear yellow throat of the novelty gives it a very distinct appearance. So far as present indications go, D. regium flowers much later in the year, present flowers expanding in the latter half of July, when D. nobile is com- pletely over. The habitat is given as Lower Hindustan. R.A.R. ALBINO CATTLEYAS. THE question whether albinos reproduce themselves true from seed has recently engaged much attention, and some important evidence now comes from M. Peeters, of St. Gilles, Brussels. In an account of this famous Brussels Nursery given in our last volume we mentioned a very promising hybrid between Cattleya Gaskelliana and C. Warneri alba, of which there were many young plants, and some of larger growth, adding: ‘‘ Theoreti- cally the flowers should be white, but M. Peeters believes they will contain both white and coloured forms, as some of them have purple margins to the leaves” (O. R., xi., p. 131). They have now begun to bloom, one plant being included in Messrs. Sander’s group at the Temple Show, under the name of C. X Madame Myra Peeters, and another at Holland House, both being true albinos, having pure white flowers with the usual yellow disc. M. Peeters now writes that seven plants of this cross have flowered, five being pure white and two rose coloured, and he sends the inflorescences of the two latter, each bearing three flowers. The reversion foreshadowed in the leaves is fully confirmed, though the flowers are much lighter than typical forms of the parent species. The sepals and petals are tinged throughout with lilac purple, which colour becomes rather darker on the front of the lip. It is a piece of important evidence, and it will be interesting to hear ot tne benaviour of the remainder of the batch when they flower, and to know the amount of variation and proportion of those that come true. There are other batches of seedlings in existence obtained by inter- crossing albino Cattleyas, so that further evidence will in time be forthcoming. 230 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [AUGUST, 1904. ANGRACUM ROTHSCHILDIANUM. IT is interesting to note that a plant of Angrecum Rothschildianum has now flowered in the Royal Botanic Garden, Glasnevin. The species appeared about a year ago, in the collection of the Hon. Walter Roths- child, and received a Botanical Certificate from the R.H.S. on August 4th. It was shortly afterwards described as new (O’Brien in Gard. Chron., 1903, li. p. 131, fig. 51). At first I had a little doubt about its being new, for before it was exhibited Mr. O’Brien showed me a rude sketch, just taken as a memorandum, and I immediately recognised a near ally of A. Galeandre, Rchb. f., if not actually a form of it. The leaves, however, were much broader, and the locality different. Materials never came to enable the point to be cleared up, and it is the more satisfactory to find that other piants of the species are in existence. The inflorescence sent to Kew by Mr. Moore has five flowers, having a stouter rachis and much shorter bracts than in A. Galeandrez, but the size and shape of the flowers are sur- prisingly similar to those of this hitherto rather isolated species. The sepals and petals are oblong, obtuse, an inch long, and white, suffused with light green up the centre. The lip is broadly funnel-shaped in front, rather abruptly constricted below its junction with the pedicel, and then suddenly inflated into an oblique, somewhat compressed sac, about five lines long. The limb of the lip is very broad, reaching 1+ inches when artificially expanded, and about the same in length. The base of the lip is dull brown rather than blackish purple, and in front of this is a large bright green area, becoming somewhat paler where it passes into the broad white margin. The column is half an inch long, rather broad, and the pollinia typical Angreecum. The whole flower is remarkable, and the resemblance to the genus of Galeandra is striking. The habitat is given as Uganda, in the direction of the Victoria Nyanza. The allied A. Galeandrz, Rchb. f., is a native of Angola and the Gaboon district, and has not yet appeared in cultivation. It has narrowly oblong leaves, which are distinctly bilobed at the apex. R. A. ROLFE. NOVELTIES. CYMBIDIUM INSIGNE, Rolfe——A handsome species of Cymbidium, allied to C. Lowianum and C. longifolium, but differing from both in having a very broad, nearly orbicular lip, and the disc not strongly bilamellate. It is a native of Annam, where it was found growing along ravines and in sandy soil at 4,000 to 5,000 feet elevation. The general habit recalls the species named, the leaves being about 2} to 3 feet long, and rather narrow, and the scape measuring some 3 to 4% feet long, and bearing numerous flowers — ee AUGUST, 1904.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 231 about 3 inches in diameter. According to a coloured drawing, com- municated to Kew with a native dried specimen in rgo1, by Mr. G. Schneider, the flowers are rosy lilac in colour, with many crimson blotches on the centre of the disc. The flowering of this fine species in cultivation will be awaited with interest.—Gard. Chron., 1904, i., p. 387. CATASETUM MoNoDON, Kranzl.—A Brazilian species, said to be allied to C. triodon, Rchb. f:, which flowered in the Royal Gardens, Munich. It was collected by M. Zimmerer. The spike bears eight or ten greenish flowers, each nearly two inches in diameter; and the lip is flat, with long fringes along the whole border, except the sinus of the mid lobe; while on the disc, near the apex, is a compressed calius or horn, ending in a long thread-like bristle —Gard. Chron., 1904, i., p. 354- HABITS OF DIPODIUM. Tue handsome Dipodium pictum was recently figured in the Botanical Magazine (t. 7951), when Mr. Hemsley remarked that from the incomplete notes of collectors it appeared that this species and D. paludosum start in the ground and grow up trees. Mr. Ridley, Director of the Singapore Botanic Garden, now gives some interesting information about their habits, showing that they are quite diverse in this respect (Gard. Chron., 1904, il., p- Ig). ““D. pictum, it appears, is a common plant in the Malay Peninsula, and has a scandent habit. It inhabits woods, which may be called open woods for this part of the world, where the woods are usually very dense, and is generally to be found in the wetter parts of them. It is found sometimes straggling on the ground, and eventually climbing up quite small trees, whichit encircles with its roots. It does attain the height of 5 or 6 feet occasionally, but more often is 2 or 3 feet high. It is certainly not very floriferous in its wild state. I have only once or twice seen it in flower wild, but it blooms easily and often in cultivation, either on stocks, in pots, or on trees in the garden. It is not often panicled, as it is figured, being simply racemose as a rule. **D. paludosum, Rchb. f., on the other hand, does not climb at all, so far as Iam aware. It inhabits open, hot swamps, and is, I believe, always terrestrial. I have never met with it myself, for though Griffith was the first to find it, at Ayer Panas, in Malacca, I have sought for it in vain. I think the locality there must have been turned into a rice-field, and so it has been destroyed. It appears to be very rare in the Peninsula now, though abundant in Labuan, and elsewhere further east.” It may be added that this species is figured at t. 422 of the Orchid A lbum. R. A. ROLFE. 232 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [AUGUST, 190}. ONCIDIUM WARNERI. A PLANT of this extremely rare but very pretty little species has just bloomed at Kew, producing a raceme of eight flowers. The species origin- ally appeared in the collection of C. B. Warner, Esq., of Hoddesden, and was exhibited at a meeting of the Horticultural Society in May, 1845, when it was described by Lindley under the name of Odontoglossum Warneri (Bot. Reg., xxxi., Misc., p. 54), and afterwards a darker variety was figured as var. purpuratum (J.c., xxxiii., t. 20). This had been introduced from Mexico by Messrs. Loddiges. It was afterwards transferred to ‘Oncidium by the same author (Fol. Orch., Oncid., p. 36), as Oncidium Warneri, being placed in the small section Paucituberculata, next to O. cheirophorum, to which, however, it is not very nearly allied. Lindley described it as ‘‘a plant with conical czspitose pseudo-bulbs, and recurved grassy leaves longer than the short raceme. Lip bright yellow, equally four- lobed. Sepals and petals purple, equal, recurved at the points.” It is only certainly known as a native of Mexico, though Reichenbach once remarked: ‘To my great surprise, I have just obtained from Mr. Bull a wild-grown inflorescence with undoubted New Granadan Orchids from the United States of Columbia”’ (Gard. Chron., 1879, il., p. 390). The state- ment, however, may have originated in error, for Mr. Day, who obtained -one of Mr. Bull’s plants in 1875, records the place of origin as ‘‘ New Granada o1 thereabouts,” afterwards adding ‘‘ may be from Mexico, Roezl”’ ‘(Day Coll. Draw., xix., t. 73). It may be added that Mr. Day’s painting, as usual, is excellent, and his remark, ‘‘I think it a very pretty little thing,” expresses the opinion of a well-known connoisseur. R.A.R. SNAILS ON ORCHIDS. THERE is a small shell snail which is sometimes troublesome in Orchid houses in this country, and which we believe is known as the Garlic Snail, Helix alliaria, from the strong garlic-like smell it emits. Some such pest appears to be troubling ‘‘ A. K. A.,” of New York, who asks the Editor of American Gardening for a remedy. He describes it as a small black shell snail, about the size of a quarter of a pea, which lodges in the peat and moss in baskets where Orchids are planted, and eats off the young roots as soon as they appear. Messrs. Lager & Hurrell reply that this little snail does not to their knowledge eat the roots of Orchids, and the only time of the year when it can do any damage is in the fall, eating the flowers. When too troublesome they place pieces of fresh lettuce leaves on the pots in the evening, gathering them up in the morning when the snails invariably will be found on these leaves, and when they may be easily destroyed. \t AUGUST, 1¢04.]| THE ORCHID REVIEW. 233 ODONTOGLOSSUM APTERUM VAR. GURNEY WILSON. AT the R.H.S. meeting held on May 3rd last an Award of Merit was given to a handsome Odontoglossum from the collection of Gurney Wilson, Esq., Glenthorne, Hayward’s Heath, under the name of O. nebulosum Gurney Wilson, and the variety was shortly afterwards figured (Gard. Chron., 1904, i., p. 356, fig. 185). Mr. Wilson now writes: ‘I am sending you a block of Od. nebulosum Gurney Wilson, which appeared in the Gardeners’ Chronicle, for insertion in the Orchid Review, if you think it good enough and of sufficient interest to your readers.”’ We are pleased to reproduce the figure Fig. 37. ODONTOGLOSSUM APTERUM GURNEY WILSON. of this handsome variety, which, as the initials show, was prepared from a drawing by Miss Roberts. We have not seen a living flower, and would therefore remark that the segments are described as “silvery white, slightly tinged with rose at the backs, and attractively spotted with purple, in which a slight green tint can be observed.” It differs greatly from the typical form, in having the spots extending practically to the apex of the petals and lip, and in this respect is best comparable with the variety pardinum, which seems to have originated in Mr. Salt’s collection. It was figured by Mr. Day in April, 1868 (Coll. Draw., xi., t. 74), with the remark : 234 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [ AUGUST, 1904. ‘** This superb variety was sent to me by Mr. Salt under the above name.” In that the spots extend about three-fourths of the way to the apex. The species varies greatly in the amount and colour of the spotting. Six forms are figured by Mr. Day in the volume mentioned, in two of which the spots are green, in one very small and numerous, in the other fewer and of the ordinary size, while in the variety candidulum there are only a few yellow spots on the base of the lip. According to Mr. Day, with whom it flowered (l.c., t. 73), it was imported from Mexico by Messrs. Hugh Low & Co. in 1866, through their collector, Mr. Tucker. A word as to the specific name seems necessary, for we note the vague remark that O. nebulosum has been referred by some to O. apterum, which again has been identified with O. Rossii (Gard. Chron. l.c.). The fact is that O. apterum was for a long time completely lost sight of, and afterwards referred to O. Rossii, but the description leaves no doubt that the plant intended is what ene after- wards called O. nebulosum, as has already been pointed out (O.R., 134). The statement that the bulbs are two or three-leaved ie excludes O. Rossii. ORCHIDS AT ROSEFIELD, SEVENOAKS. WHEN giving an account of Mr. Crawshay’s very interesting collection last month (pp. 203-208) we briefly alluded to a fine series of dried flowers and paintings, and now we are able to give a few details respecting them. Of dried flowers Mr. Crawshay has a series of over 2,000, mostly Odonto- glossums, from his own and other collections, which are arranged on shelves in a cabinet, reminding one of a collection of butterflies. They are invalu- able for reference, being little inferior to the living flowers in this respect, though the colours cannot be retained in all their original brilliancy. They have been dried in sand, so as to preserve the original shape and details of the crest as much as possible, and where space is not an object this is an advantage as compared with the usual method of pressing them flat. The method is very simple. Take a box of suitable dimensions and some clean dry sand. Place a layer of sand on the bottom, then lay the flowers in, after removing the pedicels, and fill up with sand, which should be run in gently, so as to fill up the interstices between the segments with- out distorting their shape ; then place the box in a moderately warm place near the fire, so as to get the water away quickly. When dry they are arranged on the shelves, being held in place by a pin, and suitably labelled. It is hardly necessary to point out the utility of such a collection. Many amateurs try to preserve impressions of their choice varieties, either by having paintings, sketches, or photographs made, but Mr. Crawshay preserves the flower itself, and the accuracy of the record cannot be called in question, which is more than can be said of some of the other methods. Peo AM ea age a AL in area D aig Ra Gls EC ec eg ; : eT MAPS a AUGUST, 1904.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 235 Even where paintings are kept such dried flowers supplement the record ina very useful way. It was very instructive to look through the series of dried flowers of such variable things as Odontoglossum crispum and its numerous hybrids, and note the wide range of variation, some of which would be almost incredible were their history not pretty well known. Ina few cases a flower has been dried from some particular plant for several successive years, and thus one can see the improvement under good culture, and the variation in the spotting from year to year, which is sometimes considerable, and frequently causes surprise. Another use to which the method will probably be put, now that seedling Odontoglossums are beginning to bloom, is to illustrate the amount of variation between seedlings out of the same capsule. Some very curious evidence is beginning to accumulate under this heading, and it should teach us a great deal of what is going on in Nature, and throw light on the origin of the blotched forms of O. crispum now so highly prized. But we must pass on to the paintings, of which Mr. Crawshay has a fine series. They are mostly representations of single flowers, life size, and very accurately coloured. We compared sixteen forms of O. X Andersonianum, every one different ; in fact exhibiting a remarkable range of variation. O. crispum and O. xX Wilckeanum, were also represented by a fine series, together with O. triumphans, O. x Coradinei, O. X Adriane, &c. We noted, also, the richly-coloured O. X Wendlandianum Crawshay- anum; three forms of the rare O. nevadense, all different; O. x Leeanum ; O. X loochristiense Theodora, a very round white flower, bearing a large brown blotch on the sepals and lip, but only a trace of spotting on the petals; and O. X Crawshayanum (Hallii @ x Harryanum ¢), of which the two seedlings differ considerably in the amount and colour of the spotting. There were fourteen paintings of O. X Hallio-crispum, all from different plants obtained from the same seed-pod. The seed parent was a poor form of O. Hallii (a better not being available at the time), and the pollen parent O. crispum roseum. Most of the seedlings have a yellow ground, ranging from bright to pale yellow and cream colour, while one is suffused with rose. All are well marked with rich red-brown, and one has a very broad lip. One of the cream-coloured forms, Mr. Crawshay states, has been mistaken for a X Wilckeanum form. O. X Wattianum formed a small but very interesting series. There was the original form, having a nearly white ground to the lip, and the blotch claret purple; O. x W. Hardyanum, with broader segments, a yellow ground colour, and the markings dark blackish brown, and the single artificially raised O. x W.Crawshayanum. This has now flowered three times, and a flower has been painted on each occasion, the variation being 236 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [ AUGUST, 1904. remarkable. The ground colour is yellow and the markings brown, and at the first flowering the two colours were pretty equally distributed. The second year the blotches were smaller, hence there was an increased amount of yellow. On the third occasion the flowers were appreciably finer, the plant having become strong, and the amount of brown on the sepals and petals was considerably augmented, giving the flower an altogether darker appearance, but, curiously enough, the blotch on the lip was smaller and darker. It was interesting to see a dried flower of the original O. X Denisone, a plant which bloomed with Lord Londesborough in 1872, and was figured in the Floral Magazine (t. 26). It was feared that the plant was lost, but Mr. Crawshay has succeeded in tracing it. It was sold by Lord Londes- borough to Mr. W. Lee, of Downside, who in turn sold it to Mr. Lea, of Worcester, who has it still. Mr. Crawshay, however, has acquired a por- tion of it. There was also a flower from the original plant of O. x Wilcke- anum, of which Mr. Crawshay has also obtained a part. We were able to compare these two flowers side by side, and came to the conclusion that both were forms of the same hybrid between O. crispum and O. luteopur- pureum, the former having a white ground and few spots, and the latter a yellow ground and much larger blotches. Numerous intermediate forms are, however, now known. In the preceding circumstance we have very practical evidence of the utility of a collection of dried flowers, and with it we must take leave, for the present, of Mr. Crawshay and his highly interesting collection. HAMARIA DAWSONIANA. A FINE specimen of this handsome Orchid, bearing eight racemes, is figared in a recent issue of the Gardeners’ Chronicle (1904, i., p. 387, fig. 170). It was grown in the Cambridge Botanic Garden, and Mr. Allard remarks that of all the Ancctochili, grown for their beautiful foliage, he finds it the easiest to keep in good condition. Apart from the deep olive-green foliage, with its copper-coloured veins, it is an extremely pretty plant when in flower. It blooms annually about Christmas time, and the flowers remain in good condition for at least a month. They are pure white, except for an orange yellow blotch on the column. The scapes are covered with short downy white hairs. Contrary to what might have been expected, the plant does not seem to suffer by being allowed to flower for so long a time. It is grown under a bell-glass among other Orchids, where a minimum tempera- ture of 60° F. is maintained, and where it is protected in summer from strong light by the shade afforded by the leaves of taller plants standing round about it. AUGUST, 1904.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 237 CULTURE OF PHALAENOPSIS. AN article by Dr. R. Schiffmann, St. Paul, Minn., entitled ‘“‘How to succeed with Phalaenopsis,” appears in a recent issue of American Gardening (p. 397), and is accompanied by an illustration of part of the interior of the author’s Phalzenopsis House. A copy has been received from the author, showing numerous plants in robust health, all of which have been collected by him during the last three years. The following is condensed from the article in question, and may contain some useful hints, though with respect to shading and watering, growers should be guided by the conditions of their own locality. No tropical Orchids surpass in magnificence of flowers and tender grace with which the flowers are displayed, the genus Phalenopsis. Another charm is their free flowering nature if certain conditions in their culture are observed. These supplied, we find them as easy to grow as Cattleyas, and indeed easier than many of that genus. Being natives of hot and moist countries of the Indian Archipelago, Java, Borneo, and the Phillippines, where they are found growing on bare rocks and on the branches and trunks of trees in shady situations on the hillsides, and in the craters of extinct volcanoes, gives us a hint as to their proper culture. Like most Orchids, they have their season of rest and season of growth, correspond- ing to the dry and wet seasons of their native habitat, bearing in mind, however, that in the dry season they are subjected to heavy dews in the night, which prevents their drying out, and furnishes sufficient moisture for the well-being of the plant to tide over the dry season. When the rainy season sets in, they are subjected, first to light showers, and later on to drenching rains, alternated with glimpses of sunshine and moderate breezes, the day temperature being in the nineties to one hundred degrees, dropping to 68° or 70° before daylight. The treatment given is substantially as follows: When the plants arrived, they were spread out on a lattice bench in a warm, moist, low, even span greenhouse running north and south, the glass being shaded, yet admitting sufficient light. They were sprayed occasionally with a hose until they showed signs of activity by new root growth. When sufficiently advanced they were placed in pans, pots, or baskets with crocks for drainage, and fixed firmly in a good quality of live sphagnum. They were sprayed regularly with the hose twice a day according to the weather, the last wetting being given early enough in the afternoon to insure dry foliage before nightfall. In cold or chilly weather, wetting the floor and sides of the house is sufficient to keep up a buoyant atmosphere. Heat iS given according to the outside temperature, and is kept up until the end of June, and again started up in the fall months. Bottom air is given at all times 238 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [AuGUST, 1904. according to the weather, and top air only when the temperature of the house exceeds 95° Fahrenheit. The main secret in the successful cultivation of Phalznopsis is to give them an abundance of heat and atmospheric moisture during the growing season, reducing the quantity when they have completed their growth. During the resting season they should have just a sufficient spraying to keep the sphagnum moist, but not wet. They are easily injured if watered too late in the day, preventing evaporation of water lodged in their crowns, insuring rot, or watering overhead and keeping the house at too low a temperature, which produces spot on the leaves and disfigures them badly. In their native habitat they never grow upright as in cultivation, but the dJeaves hang downward, making it impossible for moisture to remain in their crowns. By all means avoid too low a night temperature in winter; 55° is the minimum. We tried a lower temperature on a lot of Phalenopsis grandi- flora from the altitudes of Java, with results that the experiment will not be repeated. Properly grown, the plants will increase in size from year to year, and produce spikes with from twelve to forty, and even a hundred or more flowers (as in Phalzenopsis Schilleriana) lasting several weeks in perfection if kept dry. After flowering, the old spikes should not be cut very close, as they often break again on these and produce a second crop of flowers. Phalznopsis Lueddemanniana produces young plants on the flower spikes, and P. Schilleriana and P. Stuartiana often produce them on their roots. The species grown are P. amabilis, P. Aphrodite, P. Schilleriana, P. Stuartiana, P. Lueddemanniana, P. Esmeralda, and P. amethystina, with the natural hybrids P. x intermedia and P. x leucorrhoda. EXTINCTION OF NATIVE ORCHIDS. Ir has been a wonderful season for wild Orchids, and there has been quite .a general interest shown in these aristocracy of the native flora. The pretty bee Orchid has been frequently worn for the buttonhole. It may interest many to know that the following kinds are still found in Bedford- shire :—Bird’s Nest, Tway Blade, Lady’s Tresses, White Helleborine, Pyramid, Dwarf, Green-winged, Purple, Marsh, Spotted, Bee, Fly, Fragrant, Frog, and Butterfly—sixteen species. The Spider has one -doubtful mention. The Bog Orchid (Malaxis paludosa) grew on Potton Marshes a hundred years ago, and is probably extinct, but is scarce, and is easily overlooked. The Marsh Helleborine (Epipactis palustris) was found on Stevington Bogs over a century since, and at Gravenhurst in the early part of the last century, but is regarded as extinct.—Fournal of Horticulture. Avcusr, 1904.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 239 PLATYCLINIS FILIFORMIS. A FINE healthy specimen of Platyclinis filiformis with nearly one hundred flower spikes is now flowering in Sir Trevor Lawrence’s collection at Burford. This lovely species was discovered between sixty and seventy years ago, and flowered for the first time in Europe in 1841. Coming from the Philippine Islands, it was, for many years, considered necessary to subject the plant to the highest temperature available in our Orchid houses, in order to grow the plant to perfection, but in the majority of cases the foliage became infested with insect pests, and the plants gradually deteriorated. The specimen plant above mentioned has, for the past ten years, been suspended to the roof of the Intermediate House, where such Orchids as Miltonias, Epidendrums, and Sobralias are usually cultivated. Immediately growth commences the plant is taken down daily and subjected to a thorough damping overhead with a fine sprayer, by which practice the plant is never attacked with red spider, and the foliage is kept fresh and healthy. Even during the resting season it is advisable to sponge the leaves occasionally, and to spray them over two or three times every week. Overhead syringing is not advisable while the plant is in flower, but the leaves should be sponged instead. While growing, the plant should be freely supplied with water at the root, the quantity being diminished in the dormant period just sufficiently to keep the compost moist. Shallow pans are preferable to Teak wood baskets, and these should be well drained, and repotting should be done within a short time after flowering. A compost of fibrous peat, leaf soil, and sphagnum moss in equal parts, with the addition of a few broken crocks and silver sand, well mixed together, will suit its requirements admirably. The flower stalks of this species are very slender, and the raceme bears from 80 to 100 flowers of a uniform canary colour. The individual flowers are among the smallest in the Orchid family, but the graceful racemes produce a most striking and pleasing object. P. uncata is similar in habit to P. filiformis, the flowers being also very small, but of a greenish colour. Its flowering season is in winter. P. glumacea was discovered about the same time as P. filiformis, but in appearance it is quite distinct from that species. It blooms during March and April, and the pendulous racemes of yellowish white flowers have a very pleasant fragrance, very similar to newly mown hay. It has often been remarked by visitors that the racemes when fully developed have the appearance of long ears of corn. P. glumacea valida is very robust and distinct in appearance, with leaves nearly twice as broad as those of the type, but the flowers of both plants are almost identical. P. Cobbiana is another very pretty and distinct species. It was introduced about twenty-five years ago by Messrs. Low, through their well known collector, 240 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [AUGUST, 1904 Mr. Boxall, who is now a member of the Orchid Committee of the Royal Horticultural Society. P. Cobbiana flowers rather late inthe autumn. Its zigzag rachis is very peculiar, densely flowered, and the flowers are small, and pale straw yellow, with an orange yellow lip. The cultural directions given concerning P. filiformis are also applicable to the other species enumerated, and they are all well worth adding to every Orchid collection. ODONTOGLOSSUM x BRANDTII. A VERY interesting plant was exhibited at the R.H.S. meeting at Holland House, Kensington, on July r2th, by Herr Otto Beyrcdt, of Berlin, namely, Odontoglossum Brandtii (Kranzl & Wittm., in Gartenfl., xxxvill., pp. 378 537, t. 1308). It was described in 1889 asa new species, from the collection of Herr R. Brandt, of Charlottenburg, allied to O. Pescatorei, O. cirrhosum and O. hastilabium—which, by the way, belong to three different groups. From the examination of the figure I came to the conclusion that it must be a natural hybrid, and at first referred it doubtfully to O. X excellens (Orch. Rev., ii., pp. 200, 201), but afterwards to O. X lepidum (I. c., xi., p- 35). An inspection of Herr Beyrodt’s authentic plant shows that the latter view was correct, and also that the figure is somewhat inaccurate. The sepals are narrower, and more acuminate than represented, and the lip also too broad, and these discrepancies of course added to the difficulty of recognising it—in fact prevented its being identified with O. x elegantius, Rchb. f., which was then well known. It now appears that O. x lepidum, O. X stauroides, and O. xX elegantius, ail of Reichenbach, are forms of the same hybrid, to which O. X Brandtii also belongs, the parents being O. Pescatorei and O. Lindleyanum. O. X lepidum was the earlier, being described in 1883 (Gard. Chron., 1883, ii., p. 526). Its history has already been given (O. R., ix., p. 56). The plant exhibited bore a branching inflorescence and numerous flowers. The sepals and petals are lanceolate, acuminate, I¢ to 14 inches long, and the ground colour light yellow, the sepals having an oblong brown marking or a few confluent spots at the base, with a purplish stain behind, and the petals a narrow line at the base. The latter are undulate, and there is an occasional spot on some of the segments. The lip is pandurate with a broad base, and a_ shortly acuminate recurved apex. The ground colour is very pale yellow with a broad purple-brown band round the side lobes of the lip, and sometimes a small spot in front of the crest. This latter consists of two diverging lobes with an occasional lateral tooth, and the column wings are small and entire. It is interesting to be able to clear up the history of the plant. Ri A. “KOLFE: AUGUST, 1904.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 241 CATTLEYA WARSCEWICZII. In the ORCHID REVIEW of June, 1903, you Se a photograph of one of my plants of Cattleya Schroeder (O.R., xi., p. 177, fig. 36), and at the same time made inquiry as to whether aaa treatment had been given. —" I now send you a series of photographs of Cattleya gigas that I have been permitted to take. These plants were grown at ‘ Onunda,” Madison, the beautiful estate of D. Willis James, fa whose gardener is Mr. W. Duck- ham, and where many things besides Cattleyas are well grown. Photograph Fic. 38. CATTLEYA WARSCEWICZII. No. 1 is of a plant of Cattleya gigas in a 14 inch basket, and carrying 60 large flowers. No. 2 is of a small plant of 10 bulbs and one lead. It had Gard all of which eaished perfectly. a gigantic spray of Io immense 4is a plant that had 4 No. 3 shows the same spike taken larger. No. sprays of flowers numbering respectively 5, 7, 8, and 9g, whilst No. shows a plant that bore two sprays of .7 and 8 flowers. These were the al selected examples from a batch all well grown an 1 flowered. 242 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [AUGUST, I904. Among the Orchids at Florham Farms, Cattleya Gaskelliana has been a feature this year. About 3,000 flowers were cut of this species alone, and a number of sprays bore 7 flowers. Photograph No. 6 shows a plant having 26 flowers, one spray of 7 and another of 5. In neither case has there been any special treatment to bring about such profusion of bloom, but without a doubt the abundant sunshine that prevails here is a strong factor supplemental to the grower’s skill. Mr. Duckham has all his Cattleya gigas in baskets hanging from the roof of his Cattleya house. Their rooting medium is our ordinary peat or fern root fibre, and the plants afford the best evidence of its suitability. A. HERRINGTON. Florham Farms, Madison, N.J., U.S.A. This is a series of excellent photographs, and as Cattleya Warscewiczil — more commonly known by its later name of C. gigas—has not yet been figured in our pages, we have selected one of them for reproduction. It is the one marked No. 5 of the series, and we think best shows the character of the species. No. 1 shows.a remarkable plant, so completely smothered in flowers that little else is visible. A ten-flowered inflorescence, as shown in photographs 2 and 3, is certainly exceptional, and forms a tribute to the excellence of Mr. Duckham’s method of culture, no doubt, favoured by the abundant sunshine of the district, which we believe tends to develop floriferousness in this genus. Photograph 4 shows a most beautiful specimen, but would have almost monopolised the page unless further reduced, and the details are scarcely as clear as in the one selected. Like the others it deserves a ‘‘ Cultural Commendation.” The photograph of C. Gaskelliana also shows a noble specimen, and the seven-flowered inflorescence is remarkable. The plants are remarkably floriferous, and it is interesting to know the conditions under which they were grown. Mr. Herrington adds that Mr. D. Willis James is a brother of Mr. W. James, of West Dean Park, Goodwood. The history of this fine species was given at pp. 299, 300 of our second volume. SOCIETIES. ROYAL HORTICULURAL. A MEETING of this Society was held in the grounds of Lord IIchester, Holland House, Kensington, on July 12th and 13th, and brought together a very good display of Orchids, the awards consisting of one gold and three other medals, two Silver Cups, three First-class Certificates, three Awards of Merit, and two Botanical Certificates. Aucust, 1¢04.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 243 J. Colman, Esq., Gatton Park, Reigate (gr. Mr. Bound), exhibited a rich and varied group, for which a Silver Cup was awarded. It contained forms of Odontoglossum crispum, including O. c. Mary Colman, O. c. Mrs. J. Colman, and O.c. Bonnyanum, the latter a very fine purple form; O. luteopurpureum, Oncidium Forbesii, O. macranthum, O. crispum, Cattleya Leopoldi, C. Forbesii, C. Warscewiczii, C. granulosa, C. Mossiz, and C. M. Reineckeana; Cochlioda Neetzliana, Lelio-cattleya x Sunrise, L.-c. X Schilleriana, a rich L.-c. xX callistoglossa superba, L.-c. x Martinetii, Lelia tenebrosa, Masdevallia x Cortauldiana, Nanodes Medusz, some good Miltonia vexillaria, Cypripedium callosum Sandere, C. Godefroy leucochilum, Dendrobium Dearei, Epidendrum prismatocarpum, and Lycaste leucantha. Sir F. Wigan, Bart., Clare Lawn, East Sheen (gr. Mr. Young), was awarded a Silver-gilt Flora Medal for a fine group, containing Cochlioda _Neetzliana, Sobralia macrantha, S. xantholeuca, S. xX Wiganie, Lelio- cattleya X eximia, Cattleya x Adonis, C. Eldorado, C. Mendelii Lowiz, C. Gaskelliana, two fine C. Warscewiczii, Phalznopsis speciosa, P. violacea, Zygopetalum X Roeblingianum with two racemes and six flowers, Cypripedium Parishii, three plants of C. superbiens, C. Lawrenceanum Hyeanum, C. Stonei, and C. Godefroy leucochilum. R. Briggs Bury, Esq., Bank House, Accrington (gr. Mr. Wilkinson), exhibited Cypripedium Lawrenceanum Hyeanum Bank House variety, the flower being large, green and white, slightly tinged with brown on the lip; and Odontoglossum crispum Oakfield Sunrise having eight flowers, the latter receiving a First-class Certificate. The petals were more uniformly bright reddish brown than in 1900, when it received an Award of Merit from the R.H.S It was then described in these pages (vol. viil., p. 106). H. T. Pitt, Esq., Rosslyn, Stamford Hill(gr. Mr. Thurgood), sent a very good form of Cattleya Gaskelliana called Rosslyn variety, and C. Warscewiczii Rosslyn variety, the latter receiving an Award of Merit. It is a large and delicately coloured variety, having the sepals and petals light blush pink, and the lip very slightly darker, with the usual pair of eye-like blotches on the disc of a very pale yellow. J. F. Alcock, Esq., Northchurch, Berkhampstead, showed Cypripedium x Gloriana (xX Harrisianum superbum X niveum), a well shaped flower having the white ground colour tinged with rose purple. W. Thompson, Esq., Walton Grange, Stone (gr. Mr. Stevens), exhibited Odontoglossum xX Rolfee X Pescatoreil, a handsome hybrid most resembling the former, but having rather shorter and broader segments. _ M. Jules Hye de Crom, Coupure, Ghent (gr. Mr. Coen), exhibited Cypripedium Lawrenceanum MHyeanum, Miltonia_ vexillaria Queen Alexandra, and Odontoglossum X Rolfe, the latter a very fine form. 244 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [AUGUST, 1904. Messrs. Sander & Sons, St. Albans, staged a magnificent group, to which a Gold Medal was awarded. The arrangement was most effective, and the more noteworthy plants included the beautiful Cattleya x Madame Myra Peeters (Gaskelliana alba X Warneri alba), several good forms of C. Mossiz, including the varieties Wageneri, Reineckeana, and others, C. xX Whitei superba, C. granulosa, C. Loddigesii, and C. L. alba, C. * Gaudii, some fine forms of Lzelio-cattleya x Martinetii, two good L.-c. x elegans, L.-c. X Herode, L.-c. X Antigone, L.-c. X Lord Kitchener (C. Schilleriana x L.-c. x elegans), and others, Odontoglossum Uroskinneri album, O. ramosissimum bearing five large inflorescences, the richly coloured O. citrosmum purpurascens, Vanda coerulea, the brilliant Cochlioda Neetzliana, a very pretty Sophrocattleya x Chamberlainii, Oncidiums crispum and leucochilum, several fine Phalznopsis amabilis, Pescatorea_ cerina, Gongora galeata bearing five racemes, Dendrobium bicameratum, Thunia alba, some good Miltonia vexillaria, including a beautiful white form called The Bride, Cypripedium xX Phcebe (philippinense x bellatulum), C. x Ultor, C. x Lord Derby, Masdevallia macrura, three plants of Ancistro- chilus Thomsonianus, &c. A First-class Certificate was given to Lelio- cattleya x Henry Greenwood superba, a very large and richly-coloured form bearing a four-flowered inflorescence; Awards of Merit to Lelia x crispabrosa and Cattleya < triumphans (Dowiana aurea X Rex), most like an improved form of the latter parent; and Botanical Certificates to Saccolabium longicalcaratum and the pretty little Dendrobium bellatulum. Messrs. Charlesworth & Co., Heaton, Bradford, showed a very effective group, which gained the award of a Silver Cup. It included Leelio-cattleya x Adolphus, several fine L.-c. x callistoglossa, L.-c. x Hippolyta Phoebe, L.-c. X Mucia Rossbach (C. Schilleriana xX L. purpurata), L.-c. x Canhamiana, L.-c. Xx Remula, L.-c. x Martinetii, L.-c. x Aphrodite, L.-c. X Ingrami, Oncidium sarcodes, O. Gardneri, O. pretextum, O. phymatochilum, O. macranthum, Odontoglossum luteopurpureum, and several QO. crispum, O. grande, Vanda ccerulea, Barkeria spectabilis, Brassavola Digbyana, Cattleya Mossiz, C. M. Wageneri, C. M. Reinecke- ana, C. X Niobe, C. Gaskelliana alba, Anguloa uniflora, Brassolelia x Digbyano-purpurata, B.-l. x Helen, Epidendrum aurantiacum, Lelia tenebrosa, Promenza stapelioides with ten flowers, and Mormodes luxatum eburneum with a spike of nine flowers. M. Ch. Vuylsteke, Loochristi, Ghent, staged a choice group of hybrid Odontoglossums, including O. X concinnum, O. x bellatulum, a fine O. x Harryano-crispum, O. X Rolfee Melpomene, O. X BR. Aurore, both remarkably fine, O. X ardentissimum varieties Cybele and Eclair prettily spotted with rose-purple, and two examples of the white variety exornatum. S AUGUST, 1904.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 245 Messrs. H. Low & Co., Bush Hill Park, were awarded a Silver Flora Medal for an excellent group, containing Cypripedium Xx Shillianum, C. x gigas Corndeanii, C. X macropterum, C. X De Witt Smith, C. superbiens, Platyclinis filiformis, Cattleya granulosa, several good C. Loddigesii, C. L. alba, C. gigas, C. intermedia alba, a very fine C. Gaskelliana with ten flowers, C. Mossiz, some varieties of L.-c. & Canhamiana, Aérides expansum Leoniz, Phalenopsis amabilis Rimestadiana, P. Aphrodite, P. amethystina, the yellow Odontoglossum Schlieperianum citrinum, Lycaste leucantha, Masdevellia peristeria, the curious Bulbophyllum Sanderianum, Dendrobium Dearei, Disa X_ langleyensis, Oncidium divaricatum, and Coelogyne asperata. Herr Otto Beyrodt, Marienfelde, Berlin, exhibited a small group, con- taining the rare Odontoglossum xX Brandtii, O. Schlieperianum Beyrodt’s var. having bright yellow flowers, and eight good plants of Cattleya Warscewiczii, a First-class Certificate being given to var. Frau Otto Beyrodt. This was a most beautiful form, having pure white sepals and petals, and the front lobe of the lip bright crimson-purple, margined with white, while the side lobes were also of the latter colour, and the eye-like blotches on the disc were nearly white. Messrs. Clibran, Altrincham, staged a few interesting Orchids, including Dendrobium atroviolaceum, Miltonia Roezlii and its variety alba, rose and white forms of M. vexillaria, Odontoglossum crispum, Cypripedium Lawrenceanum Hyeanum, Oncidium varicosum Rogersii, and pretextum. A tent was set apart for Horticultural Sundries, Implements, &c., including Orchid pots, insecticides, potting materials, &c. A Silver Banksian Medal was given to Messrs. Valls & Co. for their well-known Beetlecute. A similar award went to Messrs. D. Dowel & Son and Messrs. Corry and Co., while Messrs. Wood & Son received a Silver-gilt Flora Medal, and Mr. James George a Silver Flora Medal. These all included Orchid requisites in their exhibits. THE second meeting of the month was held at the new Royal Horticultural Hall, Vincent Square, and brought together a very good display of Orchids for the season, including four groups to which medals were awarded, besides which two First-class Certificates, two Awards of Merit, and one Cultural Commendation were given by the Orchid Committee. The meeting was distinguished by the appearance of the remarkable Angrecum infundibulare, now flowering in cultivation for the first time, and to which a First-class Certificate was given. The Exhibition Hall is 141 feet long by 75 feet wide, and 48 feet high to 246 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [AuGcusST, 1904. the underside of the roof lantern. The latter is of glass, consisting of three central arches surmounted by a lantern for ventilation. The building is heated by steam at low pressure, and the electric light is installed, so that the Hall is well adapted for its purpose. There are also two annexes, 46 feet long by 24 feet wide and 17% feet high, in one of which the Orchid Committee sat. H. T. Pitt, Esq., Rosslyn, Stamford Hill (gr. Mr. Thurgood), staged a select group of Orchids, to which a Silver Banksian Medal was given. It contained a fine specimen of Lelia xanthina, the handsome Cattleya X Thurgoodiana (Lueddemanniana X Hardyana), most resembling the latter but with a paler lip, C. X Mrs. J. W. Whiteley, the beautiful Sophro- cattleya x Chamberlainii, Epiphronitis xX Veitchii, Phalenopsis amabilis Rimestadiana, the handsome Stanhopea tigrina, Nanodes Medusze, Lycaste leucantha, Cypripedium callosum Sandere, Odontoglossum crispum, &c. A Cultural Commendation was given to a fine well-growr specimen of Odontoglossum Uroskinneri album. Jeremiah Colman, Esq., Gatton Park, Reigate (gr. Mr. Bound), also obtained a Silver Banksian Medal for a good group, containing the beautiful Sobralia x Veitchii, Cattleya Leopoldi, C. Warscewiczii, C. x Patrocinil, C. x Mrs. J. W. Whiteley, Stanhopea tigrina, S. Wardii, Lycaste leucantha, Epiphronitis x Veitchii, Cypripedium callosum Sandere, a fine plant of Lelia xanthina bearing sixteen flowers, &c. The Right Hon. Lord Rothschild, Tring Park (gr. Mr. Dye), sent two very interesting plants. A First-class Certificate was given to Angraecum infundibulare, a remarkable species which has not previously appeared in cultivation. The flowers are very large, fragrant, and borne singly on the elongated stems. The sepals and petals are narrowly lanceolate, over two inches long, and greenish, and the lip large, with a white expanded limb, and a greenish funnel-shaped spur, terminating in a long slender tail. It is said to have been sent home by Major H. B. Rattray, from the Victoria Nyanza, Uganda, in 1902, a locality far distant from Prince’s Island, where the species was originally discovered by Barter. An Award of Merit was given to Cattleya X Patrocinii Tring Park var., a large and handsomely spotted variety. It was from a batch raised at Tring Park from C. Leopoldi x Loddigesii, of which four other more ordinary forms were also shown, two of them being practically identical with the wild form. J. Wilson Potter, Esq., Elmwood, Croydon (gr. Mr. Young), received an Award of Merit for Odontoglossum Uroskinneri splendens, a very large and handsome variety, having the sepals and petals yellowish, heavily marked with chestnut brown, and the lip almost entirely covered with dark rose marbling. R. W. Beckett, Esq.. M.P., Wood Lea, Virginia Water (gr. Mr. AUGUST, 1904.| THE ORCHID REVIEW. 247 Baskett), sent a fine branched inflorescence of Renanthera cocinnea, a handsome Orchid too rarely seen in cultivation. W. P. Burkinshaw, Esq., West Hill, Hessle, Hull (gr. Mr. Barker), sent the beautiful Cattleya Warscewiczii White Queen, having pure white sepals and petals, and the lip marbled with dark rose. De Barri Crawshay, Esq., Rosefield, Sevenoaks (gr. Mr. Stables), sent’ Odontoglossum X loochristiense Theodora, a handsome white form with blotched segments, O. Harryanum rosefieldiense, O. X elegans, and O. X Crawshayanum (Hallii x Harryanum). W. W. Mann, Esq., Bexley, Kent (gr. Mr. Simon), sent two well-grown plants of Oncidium Lanceanum, one being the typical form, and the other a nearly white-lipped variety. Francis Wellesley, Esq., Westfield, Woking (gr. Mr. Gilbert), sent Lelia X Iona nigrescens, a very richly coloured form, Cypripedium xX vexill-Io, and C. X Harveyanum (Stonei X Leeanum), a pretty hybrid bearing a considerable resemblance to C. X Alice. Messrs. Charlesworth & Co., Heaton, Bradford, staged a splendid group, to which a Silver-gilt Flora Medal was awarded. It containedseveral good examples of Vanda coerulea, many fine forms of Lzlio-cattleya X_ callisto- glossa, L.-c. X Penelope, L.-c. X Rudolph aurifera, L.-c. x Adolphus, L.-c. X Nysa superba, Brasso-lelia x Digbyano-purpurata, B.-l. X Helen, Brasso-cattleya X Maron, Oncidium macranthum, Ccelogyne Sanderiana,. Platyclinis filiformis, Masdevallia torta, M. calura, M. x Courtauldiana, Cypripedium xX Mrs. H. Druce, C. x Schillianum, C. x A. de Lairesse, Cattleya Gaskelliana alba, C. X Niobe, C. xX Hyades, C. X Hardyana, home-raised, and others, the whole being very effectively arranged. A First- class Certificate was given to Cattleya x F. W. Wigan superba (Schilleriana. x Dowiana aurea), an extremely fine form, having cream-yellow sepals and. petals lightly tinged with rose, and the lip rosy crimson, with darker veining, and a yellow blotch in the centre. Messrs. Sander & Sons, St. Albans, received a Silver Flora Medal for a large and very varied group containing many interesting rarities, including: the fine Houlletia Brocklehurstiana, the very curious Polycycnis muscifera, Polystachya leonensis, Vanda limbata, Pachystoma Thomsoniana, Sacco- labium retusum, Catasetum macro-carpum viride, the dark red Mormodes badium, Dendrobium Fytchianum, D. ciliatum, D. superbum, Masdevallia Harryana Sander, a pretty white form slightly tinged with yellow, Platyclinis filiformis, Cypripedium callosum Sandere, C. prestans, C. X Mrs. Butterworth (Lawrenceanum X nitens), C. xX Lamonteanum superbum, Cattleya Gaskelliana alba, the fine C. X Wavriniana, C. X Parthenia Princess, C. X Vulcain, and C. X Shakespeare, together with a lot of good Lzelio-cattleyas. These included L.-c. K Oracle (L. pumila x L.-c. X 248 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [AUGUST, 1904, Schilleriana), L.-c. x bletchleyensis, L.-c. xX Atalanta, L.-c. X Henry Greenwood, L.-c.-X Martinetii, and L.-c. x Purple Emperor (Lc. X callistoglossa X C. Warscewiczii). Messrs. Hugh Low & Co., Bush Hill Park, also obtained a Silver Flora . Medal for a fine group, containing some good forms of Cattleya Gaskelliana, C. Leopoldi, C. X Mary Gratrix, C. Warscewiczii, C. Grossii, Brassavola Digbyana, Lycaste leucantha, L. tricolor, Bollea ccelestis, Mormodes pardinum aureum, Phalznopsis violacea, Dendrobium cruentum, Odonto- glossum Williamsianum, a fine pan of Cypripedium X gigas Corndeanii, C. xX Maudiz, avery fineC. X I’Ansoni under a bell-glass, C- X grande, and C. X Schillianum. Messrs. A. J. Keeling & Son, Westgate Hall, Bradford, showed Masde- vallia Harryana alba, having yellcwish white flowers. CYPRIPEDIUM NIVEUM. Tuis beautiful, yet with many a very difficult, Orchid to grow, has once again been imported, providing an opportunity to replenish stock. | When the plants are received place them for a few days in a somewhat cool and moist, shady house, aud on a bed of good sphagnum moss. The roots will soon begin to recover, when potting may be proceeded with, using a com- post of two-thirds good loam and one-third leaf-soil, with a _ liberal sprinkling of small crocks, old mortar rubble, and coarse sand. Pots made for suspending are the most suitable receptacles, as depth is more important than width. After all the dead roots and leaves have been cut away, place the live roots so that they go straight down, and build up the compost around them, intermixing pieces of soft red brick about the size of a walnut. I consider this important. We find the roots naturally take a straight downward course, so by building up, so that when finished there are practi- cally rows of compost and rows of soft brick, the roots strike down freely between. We find this species grows very freely when treated thus, while it deteriorates rapidly when grown on the principle of keeping the plants on the dry side. We now have flowers practically all the year. Suspend the plants in the warmest and shadiest part of the Cattleya house. C. concolor, C. bellatulum, and C. Godefroy all succeed if treated in the same way. I am convinced that many failures have accrued from keep- ing this section of Cypripedium much too dry, and by potting in sucha way that the roots are prevented from going in the direction they prefer. We do not repot more than is absolutely necessary. From time to time it is essential to divide the plants ; the divisions soon start growing, and the . stock is thus increased and kept vigorous. W. P. Bounp, in The Garden. PA Aucust, 1904.| THE ORCHID REVIEW DENDROBIUM BRYMERIANUMi THE annexed figure represents a flower of the remarkable Brymerianum, and is Thwaites, Esq., of Streatham. introduced by Messrs. Hugh Low & Co. in 1874, and described Reichenbach in the following year (Gard. Chron., 1875, ii., p. 32: flowered in the collection of W. E. Brymer, Esq., Ilsington House, Dorchester, after whom it was named. It d fully developed when it first flowered, and the author remarked that t ca? Fig 39. DENDROBIUM BRYMERIANUM. broad fimbrz gave him a little shivering of fright, and he felt rather suspicious of the beautiful flower, as there was a strong tendency in the column towards becoming triandrous. Such a fringe might well appear anomalous on its first appearance, but it was soon clear that it was no ‘* When pine aes abnormal character, and a few months later Reichenbach wrote I described this species I had no idea how beautifully it develops whole anterior part of the lip is solved in very long fringes.” A somewhat similar arrangement is found in the petals of D. Harveyanum, a remarkable plant which was figured at page 313 of our last volume, and one cannot Dendrobium reproduced from a photograph sent by R. G. The species is a native of Burma, and was 323). It first oes not appear to have been 250 THE ORCHID REVIEW. { AUGUST, 1904. help wondering what its particular use to the plant is. It probably has some definite relation to the insect which fertilises the flowers, but about this we know nothing. The lip of D. Harveyanum is only slightly fringed. The two plants are both allied to D. fimbriatum, a species which owes its name to the character of the lip, though the fringe is quite rudimentary as compared with D. Brymerianum. A form of the latter was, however, described as var. histrionicum (Rchb. f. in Gard. Chron., 1888, i., p. 104), in which the fringe is very little developed, and the flowers are said to be self-fertilising before they expand, and are rarely properly developed. Curiously enough, it is said to flower invariably in autumn, while the type flowers in spring. It is not comparable with the type from a decorative standpoint. The latter isa very striking plant, and extremely handsome when well grown. It has proved rather disappointing to the hybridist, for only one hybrid from it is yet known, namely Dendrobium x Hunteri, and that shows little of the character of this parent. CALENDAR OF OPERATIONS FOR AUGUST. By JOHN MacKay, The Gardens, Highbury, Birmingham. - THE temperature and general management of the houses should be continued as advised in the preceding Calendars. There will soon be many Dendrobiums which have completed their new pseudo-bulbs, and will need removing to a cool, light, airy house, so as to thoroughly ripen and mature them, though at the same time the supplies of water should not be too suddenly reduced. The whole of the genus, with but few exceptions, absolutely requires this treatment of plants that are expected to bloom well, and to remain healthy. Both species and hybrids should be so treated, and no fear or apprehension whatever need be felt with regard to the consequences. Select each plant for removal when the new pseudo-bulb has produced its terminal leaf; the new bulb will gradually gain in dimensions in the cooler department, and also ripen at the same time. There may be some few kinds which start new growths again from the base, before the first is completed, but such second growths should be disregarded, as they usually make up all right. It is the first growths that are the chief ones, and these should be alone studied and cared for. It is when Dendrobiums are kept in growing temperatures until very late in the season, in order to finish their second growths, that they are often very seriously injured by becoming weakly, and developing spot in its various forms. A few species, such for instance as D. formosum, should not be removed immediately the new pseudo-bulb is completed, because the flowers commence to push from the apex at once, and of course the drier and more airy conditions would seriously affect them. The same may be AUGUST, 1904.] ‘ THE ORCHID REVIEW. 251 said of D. Phalenopsis, D. superbiens, and all others which bloom directly new growth is completed. These latter should be allowed to remain in their genial growing departments, which, however, need not, and should not, be kept so warm as previously when making growths. All other Dendrobiums that are now in full growth must have liberal treatment both at the root and in the atmosphere. Calanthes are now growing vigorously, and will require an abundant supply of moisture at the root, but it must be given with discretion, or the dreaded spot and disease will be the result. Where the pots have become full of roots, alternate waterings with liquid cow manure will be conducive to the formation of stout pseudo-bulbs and strong flower spikes. The species of Barkeria, as B. elegans, Lindleyana, and cyclotella, are not often seen in very flourishing condition, but are well worthy of attention, their pretty spikes presenting a gay appearance during the dull season. They thrive well when fastened to teak rafts, upon which is placed some living sphagnum moss, aad suspended close to the roof of the Intermediate house, where they will get plenty of light but not actual sunshine. Barkerias, like many other Orchids, are very sensible as to their likes and dislikes, and when once a suitable position has been found for them, there they should remain. A good many Cattleyas and Lelias are near completing their new pseudo-bulbs, C. Warscewiczii (gigas), C. Gaskelliana, C. Rex, C. Warneri, as well as C. Leopoldii and C. granulosa, produce their blooms immediately, and should therefore have a liberal growing treatment accorded until their flowering period is past, but all others which have a short resting season before producing their spikes are the better for a rather more airy and dry position than those which are still growing. This is not always easy to accomplish for want of the necessary space, but if such plants are collected together at one point of the house they may be the better attended to than when mixed up with those in a growing stage. It is only for a month or so at this season of the year when this slight difference of treatment is needed. A few of these Cattleyas, for one reason or another, are sure to be late with their new growth, and it is obvious that such are benefited by a liberal treat- ment to hasten them along, whilst those which are early to form up would be better for less, so as to prevent secondary growth from appearing. C. Law- renceana is always very late, and for this reason is better now if placed in the warmest department, as also are C. superba and C. Lueddemanniana, and all three may be given plenty of water. Any of the above summer- blooming Cattleyas as C. Warscewiczii, C. Gaskelliana, C. Warneri, &c., passing out of bloom not later than the month of August, may be repotted if such is required, and if done carefully and a chance is given them to become re-established, by keeping them more shady and moist than others 252 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [AUGUST, 1904. not repotted, such work may be accomplished at this season with good results. But if not done during the month I would advise that they be given a thorough good rest and left over until they start to grow early the following spring. The Mexican Lelias are now growing apace, and flower spikes on L. anceps are fast showing. It is now, above all other times, that water should be very liberally supplied, especially after a hot day sun. It is best to get a bucket of tepid water about 4 or 5 o’clock in the afternoon, when the ventilation may be reduced, and with the aid of a syringe give them a thorough drenching overhead. L. anceps, as before stated, always grows and flowers more satisfactorily when no shading is employed, and the leaves are simply kept from burning by the admission of large quantities of air. There are but few species that will flourish and withstand the same treat- ment. L. majalis is another which delights in all the sunshine possible, and should be suspended close to the ventilator so as to assure plenty of air. The other Mexican species, such as L. autumnalis and L. albida, do not like so much strong sunshine, although both greatly appreciate the atmo- spheric conditions of the same department, therefore I always find it best to slightly shade them with a little summer cloud over the glass immediately above them. The same applies to L. furfuracea and L. Gouldiana. The present season is a good one for doing up the various species of the Cool Orchid house which have not yet been done. Odontoglossum Rossii and O. Cervantesii are two pretty species which: pay to grow well, so that they bloom profusely; otherwise, with individual flowers here and there only, they are too small to make a show. Ifthe stages are near the glass roof, they will grow well there in pots, otherwise they are better in pans suspended. What little compost is required about their roots should be one of equal parts peat and sphagnum moss. They delight in a cool, airy atmosphere, and require but little water at the roots at any time of the year. Cattleya citrina is just now commencing to grow. It does well either on a raft or in small pans. When the latter are used they should be very small, just large enough to hold the base or the roots of the plants. The new growths will then turn over the rim, taking a downward course, and will continue to grow well. Use perforated pans, so that the roots may go in and out. It is a species that requires little water to keep it in good health. Odontoglossum Londesboroughianum is not one of the easiest to cultivate. It grows pretty freely when newly imported, but in the course of a few years dwindles, and often, without so much as producing one single flower spike to compensate for the trouble taken, will grow less by degrees until it finally disappears. In the first place it may be described as being a cool Orchid, but a sun-loving one, therefore it should have an abundance of air and never be shaded. The plant may be fixed to blocks of wood, and so grown suspended, AUGUST, 1904.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 253 but I prefer pans or baskets with the usual compost of peat and moss. The plant when first imported may probably be ill-shaped for repotting, but although its habit of growth is straggling, a way can generally be found to secure the plant firmly in its receptacle, which, when done, is more easily and better managed than on a raft. During summer, when growth is active, it may be syringed frequently, but during winter a long and very dry rest must be given. ORCHIDS IN SEASON. A SERIES of five seedling forms of the beautiful Odontoglossum x Rolfez is sent from the collection of W. Thompson, Esq., Walton Grange, Stone, by Mr. Stevens. They were raised in the collection, and Mr. Stevens remarks that the one exhibited at the R.H.S. meeting at Holland House as O. X Rolfeze x Pescatorei is another seedling from the same batch. On searching his books he discovered that a mistake had been made in the record. The seedlings show a good deal of variation in the breadth of the segments, and one of them is particularly promising, as all the segments are short and broad, the lip measuring an inch across in front, and the dorsal sepal and petals only a line narrower, while the spots on the sepals are arranged in lines. Another contrasts strongly with this, having much longer segments, and thus approaching O. Harryanum in shape. The others are more intermediate in shape. The inflorescences at present bear from four to seven flowers, and when the plants become stronger they should develop into very handsome things. Two fine flowers of the handsome Stanhopea tigrina are sent from the collection of J. H. Grogan, Esq., Slaney Park, Baltinglass, together with a good spike of Aérides odoratum and A. expansum Leonie, and a well- coloured form of Lelia X cinnabrosa. The Stanhopea is one of the most 254 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [AUGUST, 1904. by Mr. R. Nisbet, Byrkley Gardens, Burton-on-Trent, which received an Award of Merit from the Manchester and North of England Orchid Society in 1901. The flowers have an expanse of nine inches across the petals, and all the organs of the flower are correspondingly well developed. DENDROBIUMS AT WEYBRIDGE. Ir may be remembered that last spring a magnificent group of Dendrobiums from the collection of W. A. Bilney, Esq., Fir Grange, Wey- bridge, was exhibited at the Drill Hall, and gaineda Gold Medal (see page 117). An interesting note on the collection, by Mr. J. Cornhill, appeared a short time ago in The Garden (1904, i., p. 275), in which it is explained how Mr. Bilney came to take up Orchid culture: ‘‘ It may surprise many when I say that the high development of these Dendrobes represents some seven years’ labour only in the field of Orchid culture. Less than a decade ago neither Mr. Bilney nor his gardener (Mr. Whitlock) knew anything about Orchids. It happened that someone offered him several Orchids, which he accepted with the remark that he knew nothing about them, but would try and grow them. Bit by bit master and man puzzled the thing out, gradually new plants were purchased, and now there is probably no better grown lot of Orchids in the country. This should be a lesson and an encouragement to those who have had no early training in Orchid culture.” ERIA AMICA. ' THIs isa pretty little Eria which flowered in the collection of John Day, Esq., of Tottenham, in January, 1867, and was described and figured by Reichenbach (Xen. Orch., ii., p. 162, t. 168, fig. 3), but seems to have been afterwards lost sight of. The figure, like most of thosein the Xenia, is very rude, but Mr. Day made an excellent painting (Coll. Draw., xi., t. 63), which shows it to be a plant well known in cultivation under the later name of E. confusa, Hook. f. (Hook. Ic. Pl., t. 1850). It had previously been confused with E. excavata, Lindl. Mr. Day’s plant came from Assam, having been sent to him, as his notes explain, by his nephews, William John and Charles Williamson. It has since been sent from the sume country, and from the Chin Hills, being also a native of Nepal and Sikkim. It ‘belongs to the section Hymeneria, and bears racemes of several flowers, having the sepals and petals yellowish green, lined with five light reddish brown nerves, and a yellow lip with a red brown band on the side lobes, and a round blotch of the same colour at the base of the front lobe. ‘The discovery removes another species from the list of doubtfuls. AUGUST, 19¢4.] ZHE ORCHID REVIEW. 255 NOTES. Two meetings of the Royal Horticultural Society will be held at the Society’s New Hall, Vincent Square, S.W., during August, on the 9th and 23rd, when the Orchid Committee will meet at the usual hour, 12 o’clock noon. The Manchester and North of England Orchid Society will hold meetings at the Coal Exchange, Manchester, on August 11th and 25th. 4 The Orchid Committee meets at noon, and the exhibits are open to ! inspection from I to 3 p.m. A drawing of the handsome white Lelia purpurata Queen Alexandra, which was exhibited at the Temple Show, is sent by Messrs. William Bull & Son, Chelsea. The albino form of this species is very rare. Mr. E. V. Low sends the following interesting note respecting a plant of Oncidium phymatochilum in the collection of T. Miller Crook, Esq., Stanley Grange, Hoghton, near Preston. The plant was a perfect picture in itself. The spike stood fully 5ft. high, and the branches were over 3ft. across in either direction. There were thirteen sprays on the spike, varying from twenty-five to thirty flowers on each, and the aggregate would total up to fully 400 blooms. The plant was by no means a specimen, having nine bulbs and one lead only. At the Hanley Horticultural Fete, held on July 6th and 7th, prizes were : offered for a group of Orchids in bloom, arranged for effect, not to exceed roo square feet. The first prize was won by Mr. Blair, gardener to the Duke of Sutherland, Trentham ; the second falling to Messrs. James Cypher & Son, Cheltenham; and the third to Mr. John Robson, Altrincham. Prizes were also offered for the best eight specimen Orchids, distinct, and here Messrs. Cypher were first, Mr. Blair second, and Mr. Robson third. The premier group consisted of Vanda ccerulea, Epidendrum prismato- carpum, with seven spikes, Cattleya granulosa, C. Warscewiczii, Brassavola Digbyana, Thunia Winniana, Aérides odoratum, and Cypripedium Curtisil. A noble specimen of Dendrobium nobile, bearing 1,350 flowers, from the collection of A. Kellar, Esq., Sandown, Isle of Wight (gr. Mr. Bryant), is figured in the Gardeners’ Magazine (pp. 424, 425). It is grown in a 15-inch basket, and is four feet through every way, forming a charming picture. A fine specimen of Angraecum sesquipedale, from the collection of W. M. Hook, Esq., of Nottingham (gr. Mr. Bacon), is figured in a later issue 256 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [AUGUST, 1904. of the same work (1904, pp. 493, 494). It was imported about thirteen years ago, when it had only three pairs of leaves, aud has been grown in intermediate temperature ever since. Now it a fine plant, with branched stem, and seven spikes of flowers. A fine group of Lycaste Skinnneri, in the collection of J. Bradshaw, Esq., The Grange, Southgate (gr. Mr. Whitelegge), is given in a recent issue of The Garden (1904, i., p. 340). Both plants and flowers are excellent. The interior of one of the Odontoglossum Houses is also shown (p. 341). ORCHID PORTRAITS. ANGRECUM SESQUIPEDALE.—Gard. Mag., 1904, pp. 493, 494, with fig. DENDROBIUM NOBILE (specimen plant).—Gard. Mag., 1904, pp. 424, 425, with fig. L#LIA PURPURATA QUEEN ALEXANDRA.—Gard. World, 1904, p. 544, with fig. L#LIO-CATTLEYA ROSALIND.—Journ. Hort., 1904, ii., p. 25, with fig. MILTONIA X BLEUANA SPLENDENS.—Journ. Hort., 1904, il., p. 47, with fig. ODONTOGLOSSUM CRISPUM BOoLTONI.—Gard. Chron., 1904, 1., p. 34, fig. 14. ODONTOGLOSSUM CRISPUM OAKFIELD SUNRISE. —Gard. Mag., 1904, p- 457, with fig. SOBRALIA LucastAna.—Journ. Hort., 1904, il., p. 69, with fig. SPATHOGLOTTIS HARDINGIANA, Par. and Rchb. f.—Bot. Mag., t. LA, VANDA TRICOLOR.—A mer. Gard., 7004» p- 413, with fig. CORRESPONDENCE. EE ii i not answered _ yay find sje to their Stas on other pages, and in some a various reasons, they m pe ve to sell or a futt ssue. In the case of hybrid pr Sa wt for name, the pare sin sea a histor. houlid always ry by tefly-stated, for without ee deta ils we are not always able to deal ak them Eso ba ily.) J.F.S. Epidendrum aromaticum and Oncidium ptt W.H.R. The — — ot be seems to be a form of —- cattleya x Dominiana, the light coloured on - X Martinetii. The latter speci ially ad variable, and it is becoming very difficult toname heii hes the parentage is not so J-G. We will report on them shortly. Some of our phic are not available at the present moment, but we shall shortly “ih able to report progre J.-M. The Sobralia seems to be a form of S. x Veitchii-. We will report on the others shortly. G.S. Many thanks. napintas received, with thanks, A.W.H. (one next month). Flowers are repeatedly sent with tickets wrapped round the stalk of the flower, fe fia tied or wired on in sucha way that it is impossible to read the number or informa- tion. All such —— should be affixed so that the information can be read w istians t detaching them emcee MURRAY'S PATENT ORCHID STAND. If you want to grow Orchids to perfection and for profit “Try a few on Stands.” Pronounced by most of the leading Orchid Growers to be perfection. MILLIONS SOLD. Patented by William Murray, late Orcnid Grower to N. C. Cookson, Esq. now with the British American Well Works, 145, Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C. Price List containing full information from : The United Wire Works, DLtd., NEWCASTLE-ON-TYNE. ORCHIDS. ORCHIDS. a ne fe NSPECTION ee — fine and varied ssnaeee of Orchids, new range of ORCHID HOUSES, is respectily invited. Rare and Choice Cypripediume, Pendrobiums, &c. a speci DESCRIPTIVE Ocean POST FREE. A.J. KEELING & SONS, Orchid Growers & Fmporters, THE GRANGE NURSERIES, Westgate Hill, Bradford, Yorks. H. A. BURBERRY’S system of personally Giving Ad- vice and Demonstrating Methods of Orchid Cultivation insures suc- cess and satisfaction. One gentleman says: ‘I consider your visit has been worth £100 to me.” All desirous of ita the benefit of his long experience in matters affecting the ‘welts "OF their Orchids, wait on them when in the vicinity, at a very small fee B. attends Orchid Sales, and will “be pleased to receive com- missions to buy for those who cannot attend. ADDRESS: Ethel House, King’s Heath BIRMINGHAM. SAN DER’S ORCHID GUID TAINING ALL THE aver KNOWN SPECIES AND VARIETIES OF ORCHIDS IN CULTIVATION. Their — Layee es ler 8 ions of the plants 0% flowers, sea of flow , best method of culti tion, senior ais, wat sate potting, eentilation, &e. Concise, Serres instructive & useful, ogether with NAMES and PARENTAGES, all the KNOWN HYBRID OR DS, Arranged in tabular, Shear form so that al Hybrids de ey from each species or hybrid may be ascertained at 830 pages, strongly bound. Indispensable alike to Amateur & Expert. Price 10s. 6d. THE sus ace. this valuable work up-to- ate. Can be had bound in bee the Guide, or separate in Half-roan. Pric SANDER ¢ & | SONS, ORCHIDS: Those especially who contemplate forming a Collection would profit by consulting STANLEY, ASHTON & Co.. SOUTHGATE, LONDON, N., whose advice and plants would be found equally good. ORCHIDS. As we are receiving at short intervals importations of ORCHIDS IN VARIETY, we shall be pleased to quote particulars on application. CATTLEYA LABIATA just arrived. Apply for Catalogue of Established Orchids. HOOL 5 eG 3 5S aw mporters and Growers. BITTERNE PA RK, SOUTHAMPTON. VALLS: peels Supplied to H.M. Gov The Sa i nate infallible exterminator ge ANTS, ergo ai , Ete., however numerous. Med f the . yal Horticu itur. seborlt September, 1903, Silver eds a of Royal Botanic Soc., London, March, 1904. BEETLECUTE is a food these insects eat eagerly. If u ome nights without intermission they will be sateery enctitiinned. ag peienggeerregt snd TO HUMAN BEINGS & ANIMALS. Tins, 6d., 1s. 2s. 6d. Fill ‘eal Bellows, is. ’ Sold Everywhere PROPRIETORS— VALLS & 00., 16 Coleman Street, London, E.C. ODONTOGLOSSUM CRISPUM, Choice of Fine Varieties. Selected O. crispum, with large and round flowers for Exhibition purposes. GROWER, harmps, End of Avenue, d’Auderghem), ETTERBEEK BRUSSELS. IMPORTER and ORCHID PEAT. FINEST QUALITY IN ENGLAND. Selected Sample; Solid Fibre; Three 10/-. Bushel Bag PEAT DUST for Azaleas, &c., 3s. per bag. SAMPLE AND TESTIMONIAL ON APPLICATION. A. MAPLES, Ranmoor, SHEFFIELD. ORCHIDS! ORCHIDS!! JOHN GOWAN & Go., Ltd., HAVE A VERY LARGE AND FINE STOCK OF ORCHIDS all in the very finest health and condition, and they are constantly adding to their Stock such Species and Varieties as are likely TO INTEREST CONNOISSEURS. priser ia are also being constantly received various parts of the World. Special attention given to orders for Export. Inspection invited shay aaeet aan Priced The Contoas re free, cation to the Com GATEACRE NURSERIES, GATEACRE, Nr. LIVERPOOL. Telephone—70 Gateacre. Telegrams—‘* Cowan, Gateacre.” W. RICHARDSON & Co. DARLINGTON. : Horticultural 4 | PARISIAN BLINDS Builders & Heating | A 5 for outside use on : Engineers. | | Horticultural Build- ~ ings—best shading Orchid Houses : in existence for , a Orchid Houses. Speciality. (INTERIOR OF SPAN-ROOFED HOUSE, SHOWING | PARISIAN BLINDS ON ROOF.) Beautifully illustrated new Catalogue (264 pages. on art paper) sent free on application. Mention ORCHID REVIEW when applying. Imperishable Horticultural Paints, INVALUABLE FOR ORCHID HOUSES AND CONSERVATORIES GENERALLY. A Patented in 4 sé E tJ t Patented in iit All Countries. zy All Countries. Absolutely Unequalled in Appearance, Easy Working, Permanence and Econom . ‘y These Paints have been Specified for oe New Royal Horticultural o all, jety’s The LUBROSE PAINT Go. (°*::2:""") Moorgate Station Chambers, E.C. Telephone: 478 Central. Telegraphic Address: “ Perfectum, London.” PATENT FAST-DYED KHAKI COTTON NETTING. For Shading Orchid and other Greenhouses. ABSOLUTELY FAST. WELL SHRUNE. THE GLASS WILL NOT REQUIRE STAINING. Price Lists and Patterns Free on application to— SOLE E. SPINNER & CGO., ents MANCHESTER & BOMBAY. em FICE. Rep ane CONTRACTORS TO H.M. WAR OFFICE & INDIA OF NOTICH 10 READERS OF THE ORCHID REVIEW A Notice of the Orchid Stud-Book appeared in our December issue. This work has been compiled, upon a uniform plan, up to the end of 1903, giving the name, parentage, raiser or exhibitor, and date of appearance, with references to descriptions and figures, and other matters, and will be published as soon as possible. It is intended to continue the records monthly in the Orcuirp REvigw, as far aS possible on the same system, thus giving a ready means of reference to existing hybrids, and, we hope, a means of checking the growing confusion into which the subject has fallen. Full details appeared in our March issue, _CROSS’S Si T FOR THE GARDEN. CROSS'S VAPORISER (NICOTINE FUMIGATING COMPOUND), 16s. per pint = to 40,000 Cubic Feet). A Reduction of 20 per cent. on the current an No. 1 Size—1 Pint Bottle, containing Liquid for 40, aa cubic feet we 16/- each. No, 2 Size—4 20, ee ne oe a 6. No. 3 Size—6oz.. ‘a = pa 12, oa pss se as oe we ae No. 4 Size—4 , es i “ na = be os aie OF igs No. 5 Size—2 | is #00 . ee ee oe Ye doar Vaporiiog Fumigator, Sinall siz e, for 2,0 000 cubic feet 1/9 I Large see for 5,000 ROSS'S GARDEN FERTILIZ LUBICIDE. eke » 16/- ; 56lb., 8/-; arg 5/- ; 7 pi cae b., 2]- ; 3lb., 1/3- A new Insecticide and Soil Purifier. Destroys all ground In eo 6d. lj-a d 2/6ea vermi CROSS ORGANIC Guano. 14/- per cwt. 5/6 per gallon, a paid. One gallon will make 2,000 rositetadly CHRYSANTHEMUM MANURE. gations oF Honation sone BALLIKI NRAIN ANT DESTROYER. yt Le cwt., 11/- per calf pra ate ro “quarter cwt. oat 2/6 and 3/6 per bottle, In small Bags, 14Ib, 3/6; 7ib., 2/-. In Tin to =! La) Pr. yoo 2/6 each. CROSS’S MILDEW & INSECT septal mated une Quantities of 1 cwt. and over ve paid. 10/6 per gallon, 2 per pint, carriage pai LUNTS CHEM ICAL MIXT NECROS VAPORISING ee For developing Chrysanthemum and jother ‘flowers. This is (Generates Hydrocyanide-acid Gas.) a | purely soluble compound of a very oo 1 set equal to 16,000 cubic feet, 3/-. in water as directed. Full instructions - 2 set, equal to 7,500 cubic feet, 4/-. given with each package. In Tins at ye 2/6 and 5/6 each. Apparatus, 2/6 each. TO BE HAD OF ALL NURSERYMEN AND SEEDSMEN, OR FROM ALEXANDER CROSS & SONS, Lid., 19 HOPE STREET, GLASGOW, & 79 MARK LANE. LONDON. erg Se ee ORCHIDS A SPECIALITY. Messrs. Charlesworth & Co. Heaton, BRADFORD, Have a large and fine stock of established and imported OrRcHIDs. INSPECTION INVITED. By Special Appointment to His aadaeaky the Sing. ORCHIDS! ORCHIDS QUANTITY IMMENSE. Inspection of our New Range of Houses 1S CORDIALLY INVITED BY HUGH LOW & 00, BUSH HILL PARK, Mij DD eS hx. ORCHIDS. Clean, healthy, well-grown plants at reasonable prices ; many large specimens and rare varieties. CHOICE DENDROBES A SPECIALITY. Please write for List. JAMES CYPHER, EXOTIC NURSERIES, CHELTENHAM. EAST INDIAN ORCHIDS. DELIVERED TO ANY ADDRESS. : ce team LE GR RETAIL. Price List on application to S. P. CHATTERJEE, Victoria Nursery, CALCUTTA. J. WREKS &@ Go. Lica. horticultural Builders To His Majesty, H.R.H. the Prince of Wales, H.M. Government, Admiralty Dept., War Dept., Royal Hort. Soc., Royal Botanic Soc. Parks and Public Buildings. —— = Wiavssideder etre LONDON. Patentees of the aa wor ght Tubular Boilers, KING’S ROAD, CHELSEA, S.W. MANCHESTER & NORTH OF ENGLAND oe vtciees AeapguarteRs: THE COAL EXCHANGE, MARKET LACE, MANCHESTER. Hts next MEETINGS of the COMMITTEE for urpose of adjudicating upon the Orchids sibmited will be held on Aug. 11th and 25th, 1904, 12 o’cloc io Open to Members from - co 3 o'clock p.m P. WEATHERS, Hon. 5 Botanical pei Manchester. ORCHID HOUSES a SPECIALF?: FOR Conservatories, Orchid Houses, Ferneries, Cucumber and Melton Houses, Vineries, etc. CRISPIN’S, BRISTOL. i ——— (f{ if] HH 1 | FOR All Classes of Hot Water Boilers and Heating Apparatus. = Printed by R. W. Simpson & Co., Ltd. Richmond Pr233, Sheen Road, Richmond, Surrey. ROE | a tet etn ener Seewe e e ee: ien sy riciate ene Vor. XII.] SEPTEMBER, 1904. [No. 141. ae THE. RCHID REVIEW: Hn Sllustrated Monthly Journal of Orchidology. beck pear PAGE Amateur’s Collection ae ses es ae Lelia Boothiana (Fig. 40) nw ie 205 Anglesey Castle Sales vee see ... 267 Lelia Jongheana (Fig. 41 es fe aa yf! Arachnanthe Lowit ‘ge io .-» 283 | Notes == Ee 2 a i ae ssn um virescens... ea «+» 272 | Novelties ks aie jen 278 ‘Calceolaria, a big” ia 266 Cochlio ae br eieaels ey) Acs Ses Calendar of =. fee September --- 274 Oncidium ampliatuin (Fig. 42)... ue SOI Corresponder ‘io ... 288 | Orchid-growing at the saci sey. OT Cymbidium Pacis var- ee 2 ws 279 |. Orchid Portrz uit ae nat ms Sse OOF Dendrobium Bensonz .-- 277 | Orchids in Se : a, oe oes oe Dendrobium Victoria- Regina Calcané of: 267: |. Par italiane b: shiendis sie ve oa. Oe Disa grandiflor ae Be ««« 260 | Societies set tie AOS Habenaria sie 279 M iehaaten: aii Nowk et England H ybridist . 271 Orchid a des marae Lela x Gweiane. 271 Royal Horticdinral ae pe see 200 Lelio-cattleya xX Cresta 271 Vanilla Humblotii ... ee We ccs Sad PRICE SIXPENCE MONTHLY. Post FREE '7'/- PER ANNUM—SEE OVERLEAF. SANDER & SONS, xa. Largest Importers and Growers of Orchids in the World. . ROYAL WARRANT HOLDERS TO THE KING. . William Bull & Sons WOoORLD-RENOWNED ORCHIDS. —aYBRID, BHSTABLISHED AND IMPORTED: We cordially invite inspection of our new Orchid Houses. Catalogue free on application. KING’S ROAD, CHELSEA, LONDON. NOTICES, he ORCHID REVIEW is eee regularly at the lg of each month price 6d. net. Annual Subscription, post free, 7/-, payable in adva he Editor invites communications on_ interesting subjects (which should be written on one side of the paper only), 2 also portraits, &c., of raritie All Subscriptions, Adv ertisements, be addressed :—-The Communications and Books for” review, should O Ew, Lawn Crescent, heques and Postal Orders (sent as above) hanks be made payable to — LESLIE & Co., and, to ensurye safety in transit, should be crossed ‘“ & Co. Volumes I. to XI EDITOR . can be supplied unbound at 6/-, or bound in cloth, 7/6, postage ou vee < post, od. b per volume; parcel post within the United 30 cases for picdling eae volume at 1/6 each, post free throughout the postal union. SCALE OF CHARGES FOR ADVERTISEMENTS & Ss. =" 5. ¢ Five lines and under in column... O 2 6 Half column or quarter page Oo 12° ¢ Per line after iw. 2 & One column or half page 1 2 € One-eighth column - O40 VV7hole page S. e rter column or éighth page Ee eee 8 Advertisements and late news should be received not later than the 24th of the nonth Booksellers Wholesale Orders should be sent to MARSHALL BROTHERS, KeEswick Houskt, PATERNOSTER Row, LONDON ie od NEW STRAWBERRY. “President Coubet.” A seedling from a cross between Waterloo and Lord Napier. In size and general appearance the fruit resembles Waterloo; the flesh is highly perfumed, firm and juicy, and of a deep crimson-red colour ; the flavour is superior to that of Water/oo, and in the way of that of Zord Napier. Asa late-fruiting variety it is an acqui- sition. PRICE, Plants in Pots, 6s. per dozen; 42s. per 100. Runners from the open ground, in September, 21s. per 100. JAMES VEITCH & SONS, LTD., CHELSEA, S.W THE ORCHID REVIEW. VoL. XAII.} SEPTEMBER, 1904. {[No. 141. THE AMATEUR’S COLLECTION. OuR notes at pp. 154, 155, chiefly referred to the structure of the Orchid house and the necessary arrangements for heating, ventilation, shading, and damping down, in other words the provision of a suitable atmosphere, on which more than anything else successful Orchid cultivation depends. We now come to the selection of the most suitable plants, beginning with the Cool house, which is the usual one with those who have only a single house not divided into compartments. At the head of the list we should place Cypripedium insigne as the amateur’s Orchid par excellence. In fact we know of people who make no pretence to be Orchid growers who yet cultivate this plant. We haveseen it thriving in an ordinary greenhouse, a vinery, or a stove, sometimes being put into a shady cold frame during the summer months; in ordinary com- post, and invariably producing a crop of flowers when the autumn comes round. We have even heard of its being successfully grown in a window case. In fact it is very accommodating as regards treatment. And its flowers are striking in shape, and excellent for cutting, as they last a long time in water. Some of the best spotted varieties are very handsome, and the yellow forms of which the original Sandere is still the best, con- trast with them very effectively. The upper part of the dorsal sepal is almost invariably white, and the lower (except in the yellow varieties) green, more or less heavily blotched with purple brown, the spots, however, being clear purple when they extend into the white area. The pots should be well drained, with a layer of moss over the crocks, and a mixture of fibrous loam and peat, with a little silver sand and moss to keep it open, forms an excellent compost. A few small lumps of charcoal may also be added. The compost should be pressed in firmly among the roots, and only moderately watered for a short time, but when established a liberal suppiy of water should be given, especially during the growing season. No other species of Cypripedium thrives as well as C. insigne under cool treatment, but C. villosum, C. Boxallii, and C. Spicerianum may be grown in this house, though a warm and shady situation should be selected as far 957 258 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [SEPTEMBER, Ig04. as possible. Some of the hybrids of C. insigne are almost as accommo- dating as their parent, and particularly C. x Leeanum, of which C. Spicerianum is the other parent. Some forms of this are very handsome. C. x Arthurianum (C. insigne crossed with the rare C. Fairrieanum) is also a handsome hybrid which is very easily grown, and a similar remark applies to C. X nitens (insigne X villosum). These all flower during the autumn and winter months, and if the house contains a partition will succeed best in the warmer of the two compartments. All are terrestrial Orchids, and require similar treatment to C. insigne. Cymbidium Lowianum will also thrive in a cool greenhouse, and may be grown under much the same treatment as Cypripedium insigne. Among epiphytic Orchids Odontoglossums occupy the leading position, and the popular O. crispum is easily first favourite, though not the easiest to grow in all situations. A beginner would do well to commence with established or semi-established plants, but as imported bulbs can frequently be obtained at the sale rooms it may be well to commence with their treat- ment. When received they should be placed on a layer of sphagnum moss, and kept just moist, toenable the bulbs to plumpup. As soonas any begin to push new roots they should be potted up in rather small pots, so that they may at once take hold of the compost. The latter should consist of fibrous peat and sphagnum moss, intermixed with a few oak or beech leaves, and after being pressed in firmly round the bulbs a few small sticks may be inserted, to keep the bulbs firm. Moderate waterings should be given until the roots have taken firm hold of the compost, and the growths are making good progress. If any flower-spikes appear they should be removed, or at most a single flower be allowed to remain just to show what they are like. The whole subsequent treatment should be directed to getting the plants strongly established, and any necessary repotting should be done just as growth recommences, and new roots begin to push. When they flower an occasional plant may prove to be O. X Andersonianum or some other of the O. crispum natural hybrids, or even some other species which grows with O. crispum, and there is the further possibility of getting one of those rare spotted forms which are so highly prized. The other Colombian and Ecuadorean species require practically the same treatment, and among them the amateur will find a good selection. For example O. Pescatorei and O. triumphans, O. luteopurpureum, and O. Hallii, O. polyxanthum, O. cirrhosum, O. gloriosum, O. Edwardi, and others, which will give plenty of variety. And among other things requiring identical treatment may be mentioned Cochlioda Neetzliana, C. vulcanica, and Ada aurantiaca. Keep them cool and moist during the summer, and shade weil during bright weather. At other times they like plenty of light. Care should be taken not to over-water during the dull winter months. SEPTEMBER, 1904. ] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 259 Odontoglossum Rossii and O. Cervantesii are two very handsome Mexican species of very easy culture, but being rather dwarf they succeed best in pans suspended from the roof, leaving a clear foot between the foliage andthe roof. The plants should be grown as strongly as_ possible, when they flower freely and are very effective. O. maculatum, O. cordatum, and O. pulchellum are rather larger, and may be grown in pots on the stage, but all require practically the same treatment as O. crispum. Several charming Oncidiums are worthy of selection, as the Mexican O. tigrinum, and the Ecuadorean O. macranthum, the latter having a rambling inflorescence, which may either be tied along a wire, or trained round two or three neat sticks inserted in the pot. Its large bright yellow flowers are very handsome, but care should be taken not to let the plant weaken itself by over-flowering. ©. Marshallianum and O. Forbesii are two handsome Brazilian species which should not be-overlooked, while a similar remark applies to O. crispum and O. varicosum Rogersii. These Brazilian species may be kept rather drier when at rest, and should be kept in the warmest part of the house. O. incurvum bears a large branching inflorescence of white and purple flowers. O. cheirophorum with bright yellow and O. . ornithorrhynchum with purple flowers are dwarfer species, and succeed best in hanging pans like Odontoglossum Rossii. A really brilliant Cool house Orchid which should be included in every collection is Sophronitis grandiflora, which succeeds well in hanging pans in the usual compost, and flowers freely during the winter months. It should be kept in the warmest corner of the house, and always be kept moist, and shaded from bright sunshine. Lelia pumilaand L. Dayana will succeed under similar conditions, and are almost:the only other. species of the group that will succeed with Odontoglossums. Very little water is required during the winter, but the compost should be kept just moist. Epidendrum vitellinum is a Mexican species, having brilliant cinnabar- orange flowers, which requires cool treatment, as it comes from a high altitude. It succeeds well in hanging pans, in the coolest part of the house, and should be potted about March, and encouraged to grow freely, for the spikes soon begin to push, and the flowers appear during the early summer. During winter it should be kept rather dry, as the leaves are liable to spot at this season. No Cool house collection is complete without a few Masdevallias, and among the best must be mentioned M. Veitchiana, and the varieties of M. coccinea. M. ignea.and M. Davisii may also be included. They require very similar treatment to Odontoglossums, but need very careful watering during winter, as having no pseudobulbs they suffer if kept too dry, while over-watering may cause them to lose their leaves. Anguloa Clowesii is another remarkable Orchid that may be successfully 260 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [SEPTEMBER, 1904+ grown in a cool house, and its large yellow cup-shaped flowers are very handsome. It is a terrestrial species, and likes a rather heavier compost than the epiphytic ones previously mentioned, so that the addition of a little fibrous yellow loam to the compost is beneficial. It should be repotted early in March, as soonas the flower buds begin to push, and when growth is active it likes a good supply of water, but after the pseudobulb is com- pleted, a good rest, with the soil kept just moist only. It should be placed in as warm a position as possible during the winter. The other species of Anguloa require identical treatment. Ceelogyne cristata is a handsome species which should be in every collection, as it is very easily grown, and produces a profusion of its beauti- ful white flowers in the spring. In the typical form the disc of the lip is deep yellow, and pale yellow in the variety Lemoniana, while in the variety alba the whole flower is of the purest white. It does best in pans or shallow pots, in a mixture of fibrous peat and sphagnum moss, with ample drainage, as it likes plenty of water during the growing season. When at rest during the winter the compost should be kept just moist, and until the flower-spikes appear, when the supply should be gradually increased. If the compost is in good condition the addition of a little fresh material among the roots will often serve instead of repotting, as it should not be pulled about more than necessary, and a little very weak liquid manure applied occasionally during the growing season is beneficial. Old-World species suitable for the Cool house are not numerous, as the majority of them like a rather warmer temperature during the winter than is beneficial to the Odontoglossums and their allies, but ifthe house contains a partition, and the piping is arranged so that one end can be kept a few degrees warmer than the other, many more species can be grown success- fully. Ifthe house runs north and south the warmer division should be at the south end, soas to get the warming influence of the sun’s rays as much as possible. During the summer no fire-heat will be required in either division, excepting a spell of cold weather intervenes, and the temperatures will be regulated by means of the shading, ventilation, and damping down, the chief difficulty during hot weather being to keep the cool division coob enough. Thearrangement mentioned will greatly assist the grower in pro- viding that slightly warmer position which a few otherwise cool Orchids. seem to require for their perfect development. A few of these may now be mentioned. Vanda Kimballiana is a charming Burmese species, with terete leaves and racemes of white and purple flowers, which are produced during the autumn. It succeeds in a hanging basket, in a compost consisting of sphagnum moss with a little fibrous peat, which should be kept just moist. during the winter. Dendrobium Jamesianum also succeeds in hanging. SEPTEMBER, 1904.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 261 baskets or pans in such a compost, with abundance of water during the growing season, and a very moderate supply during the winter. It pro- duces trusses of large white flowers, with an orange-yellow blotch on the disc. Lelio harpophylla is a brilliant vermillion-coloured species which flowers from February to April, and succeeds well in pots under the usual treatment; as do also Maxillaria grandiflora, with one or two others. The Pleiones and Dendrobium Falconeri may also be included, but both require somewhat special treatment, and that of the Dendrobium was detailed at page 215 of a recent issue. A few other species might be mentioned, but the preceding are the most popular kinds. We shall be pleased to hear the experience or difficulties of others with the foregoing or other kinds which they find suitable for the Cool house, or indeed on the subject generally. ORCHID GROWING AT THE ANTIPODES. WE have just received a very interesting letter from an esteemed correspondent in Australia, and our readers will doubtless like to hear something of the progress of Orchidology in that distant region. A previous letter appeared in our ninth volume (pp. 200, 201), accompanied by a figure of Lelia crispa, reproduced from a photograph received at the same time. Writing from Hamilton, Victoria, Mr. Poole remarks :— ‘* Since sending you the photograph of Leelia crispa I have changed my place of residence from Berwick. I have brought my Orchids with me, and am sending this mail a photo of Oncidium crispum grandiflorum, which I thought was very good. I got a First-class Award of Merit for it at the R.H.S. in Melbourne in June, 1904, and think you may be interested in it from so far away. My collection has done well. Cattleyas, Cypripediums, Oncidiums, Odontoglossums, and a number of others do well here. I have flowered a beautiful Cattleya Schroeder, having pure white sepals and petals, and the lip with a beautiful orange throat; also C. Mendelii with white sepals and petals flushed with lilac and marbled all over with a deeper shade of the same colour, and a very fine blotch on the lip. A lovely C. labiata had very pale-rose sepals and petals, and a lemon-yellow throat to the lip, with no blotch on the front lobe, but instead five radiating bright magenta lines. C. intermedia was very beautiful, with the colours reversed, that is, the sepals and petals fine lilac-rose, and the lip lemon- yellow with one small deep magenta blotch in the centre. The flower is nicely perfumed, and the lower half of each leaf is serrated. C. Mossiz had a flower 9} inches across as it stood, about 11 inches when stretched out, and was the richest in colour I have seen. Oncidium Marshallianum had 94 flowers on one spike. 262 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [SEPTEMBER, 1904. “‘T have tried oak leaves and mould, but so far I cannot say I like them. The Colonial pots are not much good; they get a lot of slime, &c., on them almost at once (is there any cure for that ?), which seems to send the compost sour quickly. Cattleya Lueddemanniana does no good with me. What is the best way to do it? Also Dendrobium tortile? Is Orchid seed to be procured ? and, if so, where? Ifa small quantity would live the voyage, I would like some one to send me a few to try. I raised a fine Cattleya seedling to 24 years old from the above Mossiz-Mendelii cross, but it died in coming here. However, I will try again. These remarks will show you that the collection is doing well, and I might mention that I have induced five other gentlemen to take the hobby up, too. Wishing your journal prosperity, which I have at all times found of great use to me. ** Hamilton, Victoria. Roo MoM. PooLe.” The photograph sent represents a good plant of Oncidium crispum growing in an eleven-inch basket, and bearing a much-branched inflorescence of about 48 or 50 flowers, but if reduced to the size suitable for these pages we fear the flowers would be too small to be effective. The inflorescence measures 3 feet long by 23 feet broad, and the plant is evidently very healthy. We shall be glad to receive any suggestions on the questions raised, and if any reader can spare a pinch of Orchid seed for Mr. Poole we shall be pleased to forward it to him for trial. It may be remembered that he had to’ import his Cattleyas, and they appear to have done very well. The hybrid seedling mentioned from Cattleya Mossiz and C. Mendelii is very interest- ing, because it was stated at page 222 of arecent issue, on the authority of an expert hybridist, that the two could not be intercrossed. We were rather surprised at the time, but the fact that no hybrid has been recorded between two of our most popular species, which, moreover, are often in flower together, seemed to favour the statement. We should be glad to hear of any other attempts to hybridise these two species that have been made. Si eclpapenn ORCHIDS IN SEASON. We are now in the midst of the “ dull season” for Orchids, though summer-flowering hybrids have become so numerous that the term is less applicable than formerly. Several beautiful flowers are sent from the col- _ lection of Francis Wellesley, Esq., Westfield, Woking (gr. Mr. Hopkins). First may be mentioned an eight-flowered inflorescence of the handsome natural hybrid Cattleya x Patrocinii, in which the characters of C. Leopoldi and C. Loddigesii are very effectively combined. The sepals and petals are bright purple, bearing numerous blackish purple spots, and the lip has retained much of the C. Loddigesii character, while in habit the plant most SEPTEMBER, 1904. ] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 263 resembles C. Leopoldi. It is rather rare at present. C. Eldorado crocata is a handsome light blush variety having a large intense orange blotch in the throat of the lip, while C. E. magnifica is a larger form, having the front of the lip purple. The latter is from a recent importation. | Paphio- pedilum xX vexill-Io is a very prettly little hybrid, of which Mr. Wellesley remarks :—‘‘ It is to me very remarkable, for, although but a secondary hybrid from Fairrieanum, it more closely ‘resembles that almost extinct species than any of the primary hybrids. I saw Fairrieanum in flower at the Luxembourg last year.” The increased resemblance mentioned appears to us to be due to the fact that the shape of P. x vexillarium has been largely retained, while the colour of P. barbatum is toa great extent lost, except at the margin of the petals and dorsal sepal, while the veining of the flower is strengthened by the influence of P. x Io. The petals are spotted as in the latter, but the spots are only half as large. The petals, however, are much less falcate than in P. Fairrieanum and the dorsal sepal not reticulated in the same way. PP. X Wiertzianum and Bleu’s variety of the same are both good, but the latter is the finer of the two, and has rather smaller and more numerous spots on the petals. The dorsal sepal is 24 inches broad, and closely lined with purple brown. P. Xx Hiero is a fine hybrid derived from P. Lawrenceanum and P. Chamberlainianum, and Mr. Wellesley thinks it one of the most pleasing hybrids derived from the latter. It most resembles this parent, but is larger, and the dorsal sepal is more strongly veined with brown, while the petals are well spotted. A fine flower of Lzlia X Iona ignescens is also sent, having bright rose-purple sepals and petals, and the lip of the most intense dark purple, one of the richest forms of this hybrid which we have yet seen. All the flowers sent show evidence of excellent culture. Several beautiful Orchids are sent from the collection of R. I. Measures, Esq., Cambridge Lodge, Camberwell, by Mr. Smith. Cattleya Wars- - cewiczii, Cambridge Lodge var., is a large and richly-coloured form which has produced a four-flowered inflorescence, and made an exceptionally fine growth. Vanda Roxburghii is a fine old species, represented by two racemes from a fine plant carrying sixteen pairs of leaves. There are also inflorescences of the rare Miltonia Schroederiana and the late flowering M. vexillaria suberba, the latter being a rather small geographical form of the species, having a dark crimson blotch at the base of the lip, analagous to that seen in M. v. Leopoldi. Lelio-cattleya X Ingramii Cambridge Lodge var. is a richly-coloured form, and the hybrid known as L.-c. X Bowring- iano-Clive is a pretty light purple hybrid, with a light yellow throat to the lip, and a lilac apex, the intervening area being ricn purple. There is also a fine branching inflorescence of a yellow Oncidium, allied to O. Schlimii, whose identity is somewhat uncertain at present. 264 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [SEPTEMBER, I904. A handsome water-colour painting of Paphiopedilum X Rolfei (P. bellatulum x Rothschildianum) is sent by Mr. Charles Storer, of Pro- vidence, R.I., U.S.A., who states that it bloomed in the collection of J. E. Rothwell, Esq., in July of the present year. The scape bears two flowers, and the dorsal sepal is more heavily veined than in the form figured at page 305 of our ninth volume, while the petals are also shorter and broader. Mr. Storer, who has been painting and studying Orchids for twenty-five years, remarks that he thought we should like to hear of its flowering in America, and also to see a painting, but he does not state whether the plant was raised there, or whether it is one from Mr. Appleton’s original batch of seedlings. VANILLA HUMBLOTII. Indian Gardening has fallen into a curious double mistake with regard to this handsome species, which should be corrected. The issue for August 6th (page 552), contains the following paragraph :— “THE SEYCHELLE VANILLA.—Mr. Rolfe, in the Orchid Review for July, 1904, has an interesting article on Vanilla Humblotii, which has just flowered in the collection of Sir Trevor Lawrence, and which, Mr. Rolfe says, is a native of the Seychelle Islands. This is probably the species cul- tivated in those islands which yields the Vanilla beans of commerce which come from there.” It is curious how the mistake arose, for the article is reproduced in full, and states that Vanilla Humblotii was originally described from the Great Comoro Islands, and that a plant which was afterwards sent from Madagascar by M. Hamelin, under the name of Vanilla Phalzenopsis, Rchb. f., proved on flowering to be different from that Seychelle Islands species, and was believed to be identical with the one from the Comoro Islands. The fur- ther inference that the species described was the one which yields the ** Vanilla beans ” of commerce is equally curious, for the commercial plant is well known to be Vanilla planifolia, a native of Mexico and Central America, which is cultivated in various parts of the world and has become an important industry in the Seychelle Islands. V. planifolia is very different from the two species above mentioned, which, it was pointed out, belonged to the leafless section of the genus,and none of the latter are of commercial importance. An account of the Vanillas of commerce was given at pp. 308-311 of our third volume, and it may be added that none of them belong to the leafless section of the genus. Several species of the genus are still very imperfectly known, and among them are two or three recorded as having aromatic fruits, whose history it is desirable to clear up, if the necessary materials can be obtained. SEPTEMBER, 1904. | THE ORCHID REVIEW. 265 LZALIA BOOTHIANA. THE annexed figure represents a well-known but not very commonly culti- vated plant, which has the character of being a rather shy bloomer, namely Lelia Boothiana. The photograph shows a five-flowered inflorescence, and issent by Dr. A. W. Hoisholt, Stockton, California. Dr. Hoisholt writes :—‘‘ I had had the plant about ten years without being ab es e to make it flower, and had been growing it in a house with Phalcenopsis and Australian Dendrobiums. Last year I moved a piece of the original plant, which during the past ten years had increased from one lead to fourteen Fig. 40. L#Lia BOOTHIANA. leads, to the Cattleya house, where the plant received more light (southern exposure) and ventilation. The result this spring was a spike of five flowers from the main lead, and one of three from a side lead, this having no sheath. The bulb with the larger spike measured 2 1-8 inches across its broadest diameter, and the length of the leaf and bulb was 25 inches. It has been grown in fern-root fibre.” The species has been known for upwards of half a century, having been originally described and figured by Dr. Lindley in 1847, under the 266 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [SEPTEMBER, 1904. name of Cattleya lobata (Gard. Chron., 1848, p. 403), from a plant which flowered with Messrs. Loddiges in the previous year, and which they had received from Brazil. In 1854 Reichenbach described a Lelia grandis var. purpurea, from a plant which flowered in the collection of Messrs. Booth & Sons, of Hamburg (Bonplandia, 1854, p. 8g), and in the following year, being convinced of its distinctness, he renamed it Lelia Boothiana, in compliment to its introducor (Allg. Gartenz., 1855, p. 322). He afterwards discovered that Lindley’s Cattleya lobata was identical, and figured the species in his Xenia Orchidacea (i, p. 218, t. 91), when he stated that it had. been ‘long years” in Messrs. Booth’s establishment, and had acquired the name of “the Cattleya that never flowers.” The species has also another name, having been described and figured by Carriére as Lelia Rivieri (Rev. Hort. 1874, p. 331). This is said to have been sent with others from New Grenada to M. Rougier-Chauviére, of Paris, with whom it flowered in May, 1874. The locality, however, is believed to be erroneous. Messrs. Veitch, who call the plant Lelia lobata, state that they know of only one station for it ‘‘on the coast of Rio de Janeiro, where it grows high up on a bare rock that is washed by the ocean below, and where it is fully exposed to the sun from morning till night, a fact of which cultivators should take note, the more especially as the species, although growing vigorously under the usual cultural treatment of Cattleyas and Lealias often fails to flower’ (Man. Orch., ii., p. 74). That it is a shy bloomer seems to be the experience of nearly everyone who has grown it. Mr. Day remarked :—‘‘I have had this plant four years, and it has not bloomed until now, but there are seven spikes this year. Itseems to bloom when the growths get to the edge ofthe pot. In 1863, after flowering, I repotted this plant, and it never bloomed again until this summer, when the growths had reached the edge again.” We remember another record somewhere that the plant flowers most freely when pot-bound, and from the facts mentioned we should infer that the plant should be placed in a light position, and be disturbed as little as possible at the root. The flowering season is generally May and June. “A BIG CALCEOLARIA.”— Prof. Boulger’s Lecture on the ‘‘ Preservation of Wild Flowers” at the last R.H.S. meeting, and the mention of Cypripedium Calceolus as one of the handsome British species which has been nearly exterminated, reminds us of a rather good story which we have heard, and which is stated to be perfectly authentic. |The plant formerly grew in Yorkshire, if it does not still exist there, and some native, whose botanical knowledge was evidently not extensive, found a clump of it, and dug it up and sold it to some local gardener or nurseryman for half-a-crown as “a big Calceolaria.”’ SEPTEMBER, 1904.| THE ORCHID REVIEW. 267 CULTURE OF DENDROBIUM VICTORIA-REGINA. AT page 132 of our May issue we alluded toa fine plant of this beautiful species, which was seen growing ona raft suspended from the roof in the Odontoglossum house at Burford, its beautiful violet-blue flowers being very striking. It appears from a note in the Gardeners’ Chronicle (1904, i. p- 228) that such a situation is the one in which it succeeds best. When originally described in 1897 it was said to grow at 6,000 feet elevation, which statement, it is remarked, ‘‘ ought to have indicated that it was not a hot-house plant. Nevertheless, the plant was generally grown with other Dendrobiums, and the result was not often satisfactory. A few cultivators took the hint and secured better results, but the best example of its culture in quantity which we have seen is in the collection of Elijah Ashworth, Esq. (gr. Mr. Holbrook), Harefield Hall, Wilmslow, where a goodly number of sturdy plants are growing suspended from the roof of the cool Odonto- glossum house, where they have been increasing in strength for some years. The pseudobulbs branch and produce aérial roots, and the flowers now on them are larger, and the intensity of the dark blue of the outer halves of the segments is more intense than any we have seen before. The plants are dwarf and bushy, and bear shorter pseudo-bulbs than they did when imported. It is a very beautiful and remarkable plant.’’ Dendrobiums suitable for the Cool house are not numerous, and it is satisfactory to find that they include this beautiful plant, whose flowers are almost if not quite unique in the genus for their remarkable violet-blue colour. ANGLESEY CASTLE SALES. THE balance of the contents of the Marquis of Anglesey’s garden were dis- posed of recently, and the total proceeds were under £50. A round dozen would probably cover the number of purchasers. The only feature of even ordinary interest in the sale was a collection of Orchids, and these went at a literally ruinous sacrifice. For example, a lot of fifteen Oncidiums were knocked down to Mr. Griffin, of Haydock, for 5s. It was afterwards said that £5 would not have bought them in the open market. Mr. Griffin's was the only bid for this lot. The same purchaser secured eight Zygo- petalums for 5s., and a group of six Maxillaria for 5s. A pot of Cattleya and two pots of Lelia were sold for 5s. A hanging box of Stanhopeas and a pot of the same went for 4s.. Three pots of Lycaste realised 3s. A pot of Ccelogyne and another of Cymbidium went for 5s., twenty-four Cypripedium for 2s., and eighty Calanthe for gs. A keen fight between two bidders resulted in Mr. Speed, of Bangor, securing twelve large Dendrobiums for 46s.—Journai of Horticulture. Se eaeemimeee ittithliasines ~ 4 _— Saemmeeteatl ae es Wiclbitiasiali 268 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [SEPTEMBER, I904- SOCIETIES. ROYAL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. A meeting of this Society was held at the Royal Horticultural Hall, Vincent Square, Westminster, on August gth, when several excellent groups were staged, including one magnificent group of Disa grandiflora from Messrs. Cripps and Son. The awards granted consisted of four medals and one Botanical Certificate. Francis Wellesley, Esq., Westfield, Woking (gr. Mr. Hopkins), sent a pretty little group, consisting of Cattleya x Patrocinii, Westfield variety, a richly-coloured variety of fine C. Eldorado crocata, Cypripedium X Wiertz- ianum, and Bleu’s variety of the same, having a larger, more closely spotted flower, and C. xX Hiero, Edenside var. (Lawrenceanum xX Cham- berlainianum), a very pretty hybrid, having a yellowish green dorsal sepal lined with dark purple, greenish ciliate petals closely spotted with blackish purple, and a rosy lip margined with yellow at the upper edge. F. W. Moore, Esq., Royal Botanic Garden, Glasnevin, sent an inflorescence of the remarkable Bulbophyllum Hamelinii, to which a Botanical Certificate was given. The species is a native of Madagascar, and was fully described at page 284 of our tenth volume, when it flowered for the first time in Europe in the same collection. Messrs. Sander and Sons, St. Albans, staged a very fine group, which gained a Silver Flora Medal, and was remarkable for the presence of a noble specimen of Arachnanthe Lowii, bearing four fine racemes, the two or three basal flowers on each raceme being, as usual, different from the others in shape and colour, the cause of which, we believe, has not yet been satisfactorily explained. Other interesting things were some fine forms of Lzlio-cattleya x callistoglossa and L.-c. x bletchleyensis, the variety Non Plus Ultra of the latter having brilliant rose-purple sepals and petals, and a rich claret-crimson lip; three specimens of Angrzecum Eich- lerianum, Cattleya * Patrocinii-aurea, having pretty rose-coloured sepals and petals, and a yellowish centre to the lip; Cypripedium xX Williamsonianum (xX Leeanum X Rothschildianum), most resembling the latter in shape, and having the dorsal sepal dotted with purple lines on a cream ground, becoming green at the base, the petals yellowish spotted with purple, and the lip brownish rose; C. xX Annie Measures, C. X Rothschildiano- villosum, C. X Flambeau, C. X callo-Rothschildianum, C. x Harveyanum, C. x A. de Lairesse, bearing three spikes and a dozen fine flowers, C. X tonso-Rothschildianum, C. X Transvaal, &c. Messrs. Charlesworth and Co., Heaton, Bradford, also received a Silver Floral Medal for a fine group, including in the centre a fine specimen of Oncidium incurvum, some good examples of Vanda ccerulea, one bearing ee ae ernst an pcan NRT lili UNIS SEPTEMBER, 1604.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 209 four racemes, two fine Brassocattleya x Madame Charles Maron, good forms of Cattleya x Lord Rothschild, C. x Iris, C. X Germania, C. x Niobe, C. Mary Gratrix, Brassia Lawrenceana longissima, Cycnoches chlorochilon, Miltonia x Bleuana grandiflora, M. Schroederiana, M. Regnellii citrina, Cypripedium X Io magnificum, the handsome C. X Princess (X Mons. Coffinet X Fairrieanum), &c. Messrs. James Veitch and Sons, Chelsea, received a Silver Banksian Medal for a bright group, containing good forms of Lelia-cattleya x callis- toglossa, L.-c. X Clonia, L.-c. X Epicasta, L.-c. X Remula, Cattleya x Atalanta, C. X Niobe, &c. Messrs. Cripps and Sons, Tunbridge Wells, showed a brilliant group of Disa grandiflora, consisting of about a hundred well-grown plants. A Silver Banksian Medal was deservedly awarded. Messrs. Hugh Low and Co., Bush Hill Park, staged a small but showy group, consisting of a fine specimen of Cypripedium xX grande, with good examples of Cattleya Loddigisii, C. Warscewiczii, C. Grossii, C. granulosa, and C. bicolor. We regret that an error crept into our report of the last meeting. It was stated at page 246 that a Silver Banksian Medal was awarded to the group exhibited by H. T. Pitt, Esq., which, we learn, was not the case. AT the meeting held on August 23rd Orchids were very scantily repre- sented, consisting of one small group and a few individual specimens. H.S. Goodson, Esq., West Hill, Putney (gr. Mr. Day), received a Silver Banksian Medal for a small group, containing several interesting things, and among them a pretty hybrid from Cattleya Bowringiana and Leelio- cattleya X Ingramii, which must be considered a form of L.-c. X Robsone. The plant was dwarf, and the inflorescence bore two richly coloured flowers of intermediate shape. Another Lelio-cattleya was marked as of unknown parentage, but we believe it to be a form of L.-c. X Massangeana (L. tenebrosa X C. Schilleriana), and we noted that the five preceding pseudobulbs had all flowered. The flowers are fairly intermediate in shape, but closely resembling the Lelia in colour, while the habit is more like the Cattleya parent. We noted, also Cattleya Leopoldi, four plants of C. Loddigesii, and C. Harrisoniana var. H. S. Goodson, bearing a six-flowered inflorescence, and the flowers of good shape, with some purple spots on the sepals and petals which seemed rather unusual. Lycaste leucantha was bearing three good flowers, and we noted also Oncidium crispum, Epiden- drum prismatocarpum, and Odontoglossum crispum, together with Cypripedium Curtisii, C. Dayanum, C. Mastersianum, C. Lawrenceanum, C. Chamberlainianum, C. xX cenanthum superbum, C. xX __ superciliare, C. X Gowerianum, and C. X Harrisonianum superbum. 270 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [SEPTEMBER, 1904. Captain Holford, Westonbirt, Tetbury (gr. Mr. Alexander), sent the handsome Cypripedium X Milo Westonbirt var., and Cattleya xX Germania superba, the latter bearing a fine inflorescence of five flowers, in which the characters of C. granulosa and C. X Hardyana are combined. R. I. Measures, Esq., Cambridge Lodge, Camberwell (gr. Mr. Smith), sent an interesting hybrid Masdevallia, called M. xX Veitchii-fragrans (Veitchiana X fragrans), having a light yellow flower fairly intermediate in . shape, and light yellow in colour, with numerous dusky hairs, showing very little of the violet iridescence of the seed parent. Francis Wellesley, Esq., Westfield, Woking (gr. Mr. Hopkins), sent Cypripedium X Bella (C. X vexillarium xX philippinense), most like the latter in shape, but having shorter and broader drooping petals, of a lurid purple colour, and a broader dorsal sepal, closely veined with purple- brown. C. L.N. Ingram, Esq., Elstead House, Godalming (gr. Mr. Bond), exhibited Lzlio-cattleya x Admiral Togo (C. Schilleriana x J.-c. &X elegans Turneri), having a four-flowered raceme, the sepals and petals light purple, and the strongly three-lobed lip rich crimson purple, with darker veins on the front lobe of the lip, and some yellow mottling on the disc. The pseudobulbs were intermediate in size, and three of them were monophyllous and two diphyllous. MANCHESTER AND NORTH OF ENGLAND ORCHID. A MEETING was held at the Coal Exchange, Manchester, on August 11th, when the exhibits were not numerous, but included one good group which gained a Silver Medal, while three First-class Certificates were also included in the Awards. Norman C. Cookson, Esq., Oakwood, Wylam-on-Tyne (gr. Mr. Chap- man), sent Cattleya x Atalanta, Oakwood var., a very fine form, and Odontoglossum crispum Mundyanum, one of the older richly blotched varieties, a First-class Certificate being given to each, while the Odonto- glossum received the additional award of a Silver Medal, in recognition of its excellence. G. W. Law Schofield, Esq., New Hall Hey, Rawtenstall (gr. Mr. Schill), received a First-class Certificate for the handsome Cypripedium x Sanderiano-superbiens, in which the characters of the parent species are very effectively combined. T. Statter, Esq., Stand Hall, Whitefield (gr. Mr. Johnson), exhibited the fine Cypripedium xX calloso-Lawrenceanum, which received an Award of Merit. S. Gratrix, Esq., Whalley Range (gr. Mr. Cypher), exhibited a hybrid Cypripedium. ’ Pa RE SEPTEMBER, 1904. | THE ORCHID REVIEW 271 Philip Smith, Esq., Sale (gr. Mr. Kitchen), exhibited Cypripedium x May Proctor, a pretty hybrid derived from C. Charlesworthii x C. Curtisii. Messrs. Charlesworth and Co., Heaton, Bradford, staged a showy group of hybrids, to which a Silver Medal was awarded, the more noteworthy exhibits including a handsome Lelio-cattleya x callistoglossa, L.-c. x ‘luminosa, Cattleya X Germania, C. X Iris, C. X Lord Rothschild, C. x Mary Gratrix, C. Xx Hyades, Cypripedium x Io magnificum, &c. THE HYBRIDIST. L&LIA X GWENNIE.—A two-flowered inflorescense of a pretty little hybrid, derived from Lelia Jongheana ? and L. Cowani ¢, is sent from the col- lection of R. G. Thwaites, Esq., Chessington, Streatham, by Mr. Black. It is from a small plant now flowering for the first time, when a little over three years old, but Mr. Black states that plants were flowered at the beginning of the year, when only two years and six months from seed sow- ing. The flowers most resemble the pollen parent in general character, and measure 3} inches across. The sepals and petals are light reddish buff in colour, and the lip orange yellow, with the front and side lobes crisped, and the disc showing just a trace of the characteristic Jongheana heels. So far as the flower is concerned the influence of the seed parent is not very obvious, but the somewhat enlarged size and reddish tint in the sepals and petals can be traced to this origin. Mr. Black remarks that the hybrid will no doubt improve very much when stronger, and when grown cooler than as yet attempted, for neither of the parents do well in heat, L. Jongheana in particular producing a flower of very poor substance if grown at all hot. The seedling was mentioned, among other interesting ones, at page 259 of our last volume. L#LIO-CATTLEYA X ORESTES.—A pretty little hybrid, now flowering for the first time, has just been sent by Messrs. Cappe, of Vesinet, France. It was obtained from Lelio-cattleya x warnhamensis crossed with the pollen of Cattleya intermedia, and the seeds were sown in April, rg01. The plant, however, is said to be still very small, and the inflorescence bore only a single flower, when at least four to six may be expected later on. The pollen masses are said to have been four in number, as in Cattleya. The flower bears a general resemblance to Lelio-cattleya X Amelia (C. inter- media xX L. cinnabarina), but instead of half cinnabarina blood, as in that, the present one has one quarter each of L. cinnabarina and Cattleya Triane. ‘he flower sent is past its best, but has light buff-yellow sepals and petals, whitish side lobes to the lip, and a deep purple front lobe. We shall hope to see it again when the plant becomes stronger. 272 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [SEPTEMBER, 1904+ BULBOPHYLLUM VIRESCENS. THIS is a remarkable Malayan Bulbophyllum which was described by Mr. J. J. Smith, of the Buitenzorg Botanic Garden, about four years ago (Bull. Inst. Bot. Buitenz., vii., p. 3), and afterwards figured (Ic. Bogor., ii., p- 99, t. 119, fig. A). It is said to bea native of Amboina, and was col- lected on Mt. Tuna, at 800 métres altitude, by Mr. Smith. It is interest- ing to note that a Bulbophyllum, which was imported several years ago by Messrs. Low and Co., from some locality near to New Guinea, and which has since grown vigorously and freely, has now bloomed in the establishment, and proves to be identical. A dried specimen, which was collected in Java by Lobb many years ago (n. 126 of his collection), and doubtfully referred to B. Pahudii, Rchb. f., is also apparently the same species. Messrs. Low thought their plant would prove to be B. Ericssoni, Kranzl., until it bloomed, but it proves to have quite unspotted sepals and other differences, while both leaves and pseudo-bulbs are larger. The pseudobulb sent to Kew is linear- oblong in shape, compressed, and 54 inches long by eight lines broad ; and the leaf is elliptical-ovate, acute, and eight inches long by 3} inches broad, with a petiole 14 inches long. Messrs. Low describe the scape as erect, about nine inches high, bearing at the summit an umbel of nine somewhat pendulous flowers. The flower sent is very large, the dorsal sepal measur- ing six and the lateral eight lines broad at the base, then gradually tapering upwards into slender tails, the total length of the dorsal sepal being 3? and of the lateral over 44 inches. The petals are similar in shape but attain a length of scarcely 14 inches. The colour may be described as very pale green with darker green veins. The lip is five lines broad at the base, very fleshy, then recurved and attenuate to an acute point. The face is purple to beyond the middle, then bright yellow, and the base of the column foot is also bright purple. The column is very broad, two lines long, and the teeth short, slender, and slightly curved. At the junction of the column with its foot is an auriculate fleshy body on either side, and an additional small rounded tubercle at the base of the column teeth. The Javan example is very similar, but has a rather shorter scape of ten flowers, and a rather broader leaf. It isa remarkable species, and the only two near allies are B. Pahudii, Rchb. f., a native of Java, of which a good figure is given in Flore des Serres (t. 2268), and B. Ericssoni, Kranzl, which has also been figured (Gard. Chron., 1897, 1. p. 61, fig. 16). The latter has been not _ Inaptly compared with a Chimeroid Masdevallia, and the dark purple blotches on the sepals increase the resemblance. B. Pahudii has rather smaller flowers of similar shape, and more purple in colour. Whether it is now in cultivation is uncertain. R. A. ROLFE. SEPTEMBER, 1904] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 273 LZALIA JONGHEANA. WHEN the interesting Lelia Jongheana was re-introduced five years ago an opinion was expressed that it would prove a valuable acquisition for hybridisation purposes, for its dwarf habit promised to make it as useful as Lelia pumila, while the large flower and orange-yellow throat were distinctive characteristics which should give it an increased value (O.R., vill., p. 65). How far the prophecy will prove correct remains to be seen, but a first hybrid has now made its appearance—namely Lelia Fic. 41. La LIA JONGHEANA. x Gwennie, described on page 271. Prior to its rediscovery it had been almost inaccessible for this purpose, and Leelio-cattleya Xx Baroness Schroder was the solitary hybrid from it. The annexed figure represents a plant of L. Jongheana, which flowered in the collection of O. O. Wrigley, Esq., Bridge Hall, Bury, in 1900, shortly after its re-introduc- tion, and shows how relatively large the flowers are as compared with the rest of the plant, being in fact six inches in diameter. A photograph 274 THE ORCHID REVIEW. (SEPTEMBER, 1904. recently received from the same collection shows a_ well-established specimen, bearing nine flowers and a single capsule, and forms a charming little picture. The scapes seem to be mostly twin-flowered. Like its allies, Lzelia pumila and L. Dayana, it is very easily grown under ‘moderately cool treatment, and is very effective owing to the large light ‘purple flowers and orange-yellow throat and keels to the lip. It is a spring-flowering species, and yaries somewhat in colour, the most richly- ‘coloured form which we have seen being the variety Kromeri, which received a First-class Certificate from the R.H.S. in March, 1gor, when exhibited by.-Mr. Edward. Kremer, Bandon Hill, Croydon. It had bright rose-purple flowers, and a, darker band of the same colour on the lip, and thus approached the form figured in the Botanical Magazine (t. 6038). At the‘other end of the scale comes the variety Ashworthiz, from the collec- tion of E. Ashworth, Esq., Harefield Hall, Wilmslow, which also received a First-class Certificate from the R.H.S. in the following April. It had silvery white flowers; with the usual orange-coloured keels on the disc. The history of the species was given at page 278 of our fourth volume, and its re-introduction. dates from 1898, when an importation was sold by ‘Messrs. Sander as Lelia species. Its identity was first recognised when one of the plants flowered with Mr. A. J. Keeling, in the spring of the following year(O.R., vii., p. 173). The plant here figured is out of the same importation, and was only semi-established when the photograph was taken. CALENDAR OF OPERATIONS FOR SEPTEMBER. By JoHN Mackay, The Gardens, Highbury, Birmingham. In the cool Orchid house no warmth from the hot water pipés should be required during this month. Ventilate freely both night and day, and keep the temperature as low.-as possible; at the same time keep sufficient moisture in the atmosphere, by damping down when necessary during the day. The coolnight air is a great invigorator, and the plants enjoy it. If healthy, robust growth is desired, fresh air, and plenty of it must be given. As the month advances, no doubt an increased amount of artificial heat will be necessary for the warmer houses, but this must be given with care and discretion, or much harm may be the result from too much fire heat. So long as the weather remains favourable, summer temperatures should pre- vail in all the warm divisions, though a slight decrease in those given for the night, should occur as the month draws to a close. Operations of daily occurrence that have been carried out during the summer should now be modified to suit the conditions of the season, each day having a less amount of light and direct sunshine, shading will consequently not be required on SEPTEMBER, 1904. | THE ORCHID REVIEW. 275 the houses so early in the oe and likewise should be removed earlier in the afternoon. This is, so far as Orchid flowers are concerned, a rather dull season. To an enthusiastic grower, however, flowers alone are not the only pleasing feature. To my mind the sight of the plants growing so freely at this ‘season fully compensates for the lack of bloom. But.although flowers are scarce, there are still a few tobe had. The genus Oncidium is sure to be represented no mattér what the time of year. One very pretty and useful species flowering now is O. obryzatam, its long and many-branched spikes carrying a large quantity of its pretty golden yellow flowers, spotted with light brown. It is best removed to the Intermediate house during winter. Another exquisite little species is also in bloom in the form of O. Gardneri. It is not one lending-itself very readily to cultivation, hence its scarcity. It will grow best in the Cool house, except, perhaps, for a short time during winter, when it mostly happens that it is forming new growth, necessitating, of course, its removal to the Intermediate house.. O. spilopterum (Saint- legerianum) is another species now in bloom, the large yellow labellum and violet coloured crest making a fine contrast. Itis of easy culture, growing well in the Cool house in either pots or‘ pans and suspended. In this department a good many spikes will now be making. their appearance, which will bloom later on in the autumn-.and winter months. | Amongst them may be noted such fine things as Oncidium crispum, O. Forbesii, O. ornithorhynchum, O. tigrinum, and O. varicosum;. also Odontoglossum Edwardi and O. ramossissimum; and these should be carefully guarded against injury from the various troublesome pests. A commencement may be made to pot the Odontoglossum crispum, selecting only those-plants whose growths are sufficiently advanced to war- rant the early appearance of roots at the-base of the new leads. The. com- ‘post may consist. of one-third each peat, oak leaves, and chopped sphagnum moss. Pot the plants moderately firm, and surface over with a layer of fresh chopped moss, clipping off to give a neat appearance.. Do not deluge the plants with water, but keep the atmosphere moist and pure, a slight moistening of the surface will suffice after repotting, and at this season of ithe year the plants may be dewed overhead, thus moistening the surface of the moss and obviating the chance of water being a too soon after repotting. ’ The Pleiones have-now completed eile growth for the season, and the leaves, which are deciduous, will soon fall away. Bearing this in mind much less water should be given, though, until the flowers appear, the com- post should not become dust dry. There is with these practically no resting period, for almost before the old leaves have disappeared the young growths, in which the flower scapes come up, make their appearance, hence growth 276 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [SEPTEMBER, 1904+ in some shape or form is always in progress. P. humilis is only about half- way through its season’s work, and will yet require a fair supply of water at the root. In the Mexican house very little assistance from the hot water pipes will be required this month, unless the nights, or even the days, be unduly cold, when it is certainly by far the best and wisest plan to have a little warmth in the pipes, so that the ventilators need not be entirely closed. Nothing is more harmful to Mexican Orchids than a stagnant atmosphere, and if a house is shut up close without fire heat it is sure to become so. It is better, then, to have slight warmth in the pipes with ventilation, and the ther- mometer ranging at night about 60°, a little more or less. In this house flower spikes of Lelia anceps, L. Gouldiana, and others of the same type will now be showing in quantities. Let them have exactly the same kind of treatment in all respects as previously advised, viz., watering them when: dry only, keeping them near the light, and giving them the full sun, and an abundance of air in favourable weather. It is best, perhaps, now to discon- tinue syringing overhead at night, doing it only first thing in the morning, otherwise a few spikes may be lost through damping. The Cattleya house will also require a little assistance Gost the hot water pipes when the weather is cold, maintaining a night temperature: of from 60° to 65°, with a circulation of air. Let the plants now receive a larger amount of light, by reducing permanent shading, and by using the roller blinds only when the sun is very bright. Twice daily will be sufficient. for damping down the paths, between the pots, etc., doing it first thing in the morning, and again about three or four o’clock inthe afternoon. Many of the inmates of this department will by this time have almost completed their new growth; such as the earliest of the labiata section of Cattleyas, like C. Trianz and C. Schroederce, whilst other Jater kinds, such as C. Mossiz and C. Mendelii, together with Lelia purpurata, and some few others, have still a'good dealtodo. If it is possible, it is best to place the former at the coolest and airiest part of the house, and the latter at the warmest part. Of course, those kinds having finished their growth will need less water at the root than others, but they should not at present be kept too dry. Dendrobiums are also now rapidly finishing up new pseudobulbs. It is most essential that these Orchids have complete rest during autumn and winter, in a much cooler temperature than that in which they make their growth. Upon this much will depend in the successful cultivation of this most beautiful genus. The spring flowering kinds, such as D. Wardianum, D. crassinode, D. Falconeri, D. Devonianum, D. aureum, and D. nobile,. with many other species and hybrids which flower only after resting, should, after completing their season’s growth, be removed to a department offer- —— soniniaieiiaeds SEPTEMBER, 1904.]| THE ORCHID REVIEW. 397 ing similar conditions to the Mexican house, where they should remain through the winter months. Upon their removal the supply of water should be gradually lessened, and in a month or two’s time, a very little water indeed will be found necessary to keep the plants quite plump and healthy. Such evergreen species as Dendrobium thyrsiflorum, D. densiflorum, &c., should, if possible, be given even a cooler treatment than the Mexican house. A cool greenhouse, for instance, where the temperature sometimes falls as low as 40°, providing the root and the atmosphere is dry, suits them well. On the other hand there are a lot of Dendrobiums that will take harm if subjected to a low temperature at any time, even whenat rest. The chief amongst these are D. Bensone, D. Lowii, D. macrophyllan, D. aggregatum, D. Dearii, D. Parishii, D. formosum, and all the D. Phale- nopsis section. A temperature ranging from 60° to 65° is a most suitable one for them during the winter months. The magnificent D. Phalnopsis is now about to flower on this season’s growth, everything having been favourable for the production of large and well-developed pseudobulbs, which will produce strong many-flowered scapes. A fair amount of water should be given these until the flowers are over, when the commencement ofa long and complete rest should begin. The beautiful white flowering D. formosum giganteum is also producing its blooms on the early made bulbs, and should have similar treatment to that mentioned for the former ; those not in such a forward state must, however, be given a more plentiful supply of water at the root. DENDROBIUM BENSON. DENDROBIUM BENSON# is one of the most beautiful species in the genus, though often found difficult to cultivate satisfactorily for any length of 278 THE ORCHID REVIEW. (SEPTEMBER, 1904e this season; yet this is the spot selected by Vanda ccerulescens, Dendro- bium Bensonz, and other Orchids. It is not until we get to a higher elevation that we come across Dendrobium crassinode, D. crystallinum, Vanda Denisoniana, D. binoculare, D. Farmeri (yellow variety), &c. The three last-named plants prefer more shady places than D. crystallinum and D. crassinode”’ (Gard. Chron., 1870, p. 796). The beginning of February would be the resting season of the plant, and the conditions mentioned may have been exceptional, but they show the necessity of giving the plant a warm position when resting during the winter and keeping it pretty dry. Mr. James Cypher, one of our most successful growers, once remarked :— “J believe many or nearly all are lost by having too much water during winter or early spring, and even when the new growths are several inches long they should receive very little water.” He also remarked :—‘‘ I have grown it for eight years, and at the end of that period had finer bulbs than when imported.” Col. Benson estimates the average temperature at 80°F, and the rainfall at go inches per annum, the latter, however, chiefly falling in the rainy season, which, of course, is the period of active growth. The species should be wintered with D. Phalznopsis and the other New Guinea species. NOVELTIES. COCHLIODA BRASILIENSIS, ROLFE.—An interesting Brazilian species of Cochlioda, known for upwards of thirty years from a dried specimen col- lected near Rio de Janeiro by W. Longman in May, 1872, and now put into commerce by M. Binot. A plant imported by the latter has now flowered at Kew. It differs from all the other species in having greenish segments; but agrees in having the stalk of the lip completely adnate to the column and the blade reflexed, and, of course, in habit and other structural detail. It is much less showy than its allies, on account of its modest colour, but it is interesting as an outlying member of the genus, for the six species hitherto known are all natives of the Andes. The plant has the general habit of its allies, and the pseudobulbs are tufted and diphyllous, with lanceolate-oblong leaves 2} to five inches long, and slender arching scapes five to ten inches long, simple or with a side branch, and bearing from six to thirteen flowers. The sepals and petals are spreading, five to eight lines long, somewhat revolute, and light green with a slight suffusion of olive brown. The lip is adnate to the column for nearly three lines, and the limb is three-lobed, with a pair of fleshy heels on the disc, and a mass of short yellow hairs in the throat. The colour is white, tinged with green on the front lobe, and with faint purple at the apex of the heels.—Gard, Chron., 1904, li., p. 141. Soe en a eee SEPTEMBER, 1904.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 279 HABENARIA CANDIDA. A PRETTY little white-flowered species of Habenaria has just flowered at Kew, which was sent with other Orchids from the Sierra Leone Botanic Station last year by Mr. J. P. Quinton. It proves to be identical with a specimen preserved in Lindley’s Herbarium, and labelled ‘‘ Habenaria candida, Sierra Leone, Loddiges,” thus being regarded by the author as a new species, but the description apparently was not published, as it cannot be found. The sheet is not dated, but must be over half a century old, and may have been one of the plants sent from Sierra Leone by George Don. The species was published by Kranzlin, under Lindley’s name, in 1893 (Engl. Fahrb., xvi-, p. 217), when the author added that it had also been gathered on Sugarloaf Mountain by Preuss. Durand and Schinz changed the name to H. leonensis, Kranzl. (Conspect. Fl. Afr., v., p- 80), whether by accident or design is not quite clear, for they omit the name H. candida, but cite the volume and page where it is described. In any case they are the authors of the name H. leonensis, which is repudiated by Kranzlin (Orch. Gen. et Sp., i., p. 907), on the ground that H. candida, Dalz., is synonymous with the earlier H. subpubens, Rich. The plants are about five or six inches high, bearing four or five oblong lanceolate acuminate leaves, 3 to 6 inches long by 7 to Io lines broad, and terminating in a short raceme of four orfive pure white flowers, with a light green spur 1} to 14 inches long, and sometimes minutely bifid at the apex. The flowers are about 9 lines in diameter, with the sepals ovate, apiculate, and the petals similar but much shorter. The lip is entire, subulate-linear, and 5 lines long, while the stigmas are clavate, and 1 line long. Its reappearance is interesting, and it will presumably require the temperature of the Warm house. R. A. RoirFe. CYMBIDIUM PARISHII VAR. SANDER. Ir has frequently been a matter for complaint that collectors of new species do not furnish particulars of the conditions under which they grow in a wild state, soas to enable purchasers to cultivate them with some hopes of success, but this we are glad to find will not be the case with the above beautiful plant, whose history we gave at page 163 of our June issue, for Messrs. Sander & Sons have received a very interesting note from their collector, Mr. Micholitz, which has been forwarded to The Garden, and appears at page 141 of the issue for August 27th. It relates to the above- mentioned plant and a second species which the collector met with. Mr. Micholitz says:—‘‘ Cymbidium Sanderz always grows on trees, frequently together witha large polypodium, where its roots seem to revel in the fern 280 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [SEPTEMBER, 1904. roots and decayed leaves deposited in these fern stumps. A true epiphyte, growing in sparse numbers, making enormous quantities of roots in the spongy masses of the fern clumps, which are full of deposited leaves and other debris, excrement of birds and small animals. The red-flowered kind, however, which is provisionally called No. 1, grows under quite different conditions and surroundings. It may almost be termed terrestrial, for I found it on steep banks in ravines among thick grass and growing chiefly in a stiff, clayey-like soil, but never on trees. This fine Cymbidium has long spikes of open, rosy red flowers. Some very long spikes were on the plants, which must have been grand, but I was a little too late in reaching Lyang to see many plants in bloom. We were delayed many times on the road, and the flowering season was over on our reaching the mountains. [f think you will find that these new Cymbidiums will do well, and flourish in or under similar conditions to Cymbidium eburneum, which must be grown warmer than Cymbidium Lowianum. The latter is a cold plant, and pro- bably will do well with as little heat as any known Orchid. It is certainly as cool a grower as Cypripedium insigne, if not colder. The latter will stand strong heat, but I do not think Cymbidium Lowianum ever needs a tropical heat. It is possible that the beautiful red one (No. 1) will do with a more decided rest than C. Sanderz, because at times those ravines must be nearly as dry as the sun-scorched plains, where the sand was so hot that it blistered the feet, but at night heavy dews would envelop the plants in the ravines for several hours, otherwise they would perish. C. Sandere would not be nearly so severely punished by drought, because the roots nestle in the spongy fern roots and debris, with more or less shade by day, and heavy dews at night, hence it would receive some moisture all the year.” From the brief details of habit and colour given, we strongly suspect that the Cymbidium No. 1 is the handsome C. insigne, described at page 230 of our last issue, which grows in sandy ravines at 4,000 to 5,000 feet elevation. a DIsA GRANDIFLORA.—A remarkable display of this lovely terrestrial Orchid was exhibited by Mr. J. Sergeant, gardener to Henry Hansard, Esq., Millfield, Cobham, at the Oxshott Flower Show held in the Manor House grounds, Stoke d’Abernon, on July 20. The plants, arranged in a group, were not for competition, and were marvels of good culture. They were grown exclusively in shallow pans, and averaged ten spikes to a pan, each spike containing five or six bold flowers. It is very seldom that one has the opportunity of seeing this difficult plant grown in such good form. —W. H. Bailey in Gardeners’ Chronicle. to OO ~ SEPTEMBER, 1G04 | THE ORCHID REVIEW. ONCIDIUM AMPLIATUM. ONCIDIUM AMPLIATUM is a very handsome Central American species which has long been popular in gardens. It was originally discovered by Cuming, near the Gulf of Nicoya, in Costa Rica, and shortly afterwards introduced to cultivation by Richard Harrison, Esq., of Liverpool, in whose collection it flowered for the first time in March, 1835, when it Fig. 42. ONCIDIUM AMPLIATUM. was figured in the Botanical Register (t. 1,699). It is evidently widely diffused in America, having since been found in Guatemala, the Isthmus of Panama, the province of Santa Martha, the Rio Magdalena district, and in the Island of Trinidad. In the Magdalena district it is said to grow on 282 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [SEPTEMBER, 1904- trees overhanging streams at 500 to 1,000 feet elevation, inpartial shade. Our figure is from a plant which flowered in the collection of Dr. A. W. Hoisholt, of Stockton, California, and represents the typical form. The variety majus is a particularly fine form, in which the flowers sometimes exceed 14 inches in diameter. It is one of the finest Oncidiums in cultiva- tion, and when well grown makes a capital exhibition plant, as its large branching panicles of bright yellow flowers are very effective. It succeeds well ina Warm or Intermediate house, and flowers in April, May or June. Se PARADISANTHUS BAHIENSIS. THIs is an interesting little plant which flowered in the collection of Senator Jenisch, and was described by Reichenbach, in 1852, as the type of a new genus (Bot. Zeit., x., pp. 930, 931). As its name implies, it had been intro- duced from Bahia. Shortly afterwards it was figured by the author, in his Xenia Or chidacea (i., p. 30. t. 14). What appears to be the same thing has just flowered in the collection of Sir Trevor Lawrence, Bart., Burford, Dorking, who purchased it at the Sale Rooms as Orchid sp. Its reappear- ance is interesting, though why it ever received such a name as Flower of Paradise is not clear. The genus is near to Aganisia, but is distinguished by having no stipes to the pollinia, and the gland transversely dilated. The leaves are lanceolate, three to 44 inches long, and distinctly petiolate, while the erect scapes are nearly twice as long as the leaves, and bear about six to ten flowers, about eight lines in diameter. The sepals and petals are nearly white, with a few transverse purple bars at the base, and the lip white with a few slate-blue markings on the crest. The lip is three-lobed, and the side lobes are confluent with the crest, which consists of a eat very concave body, with a few teeth at the apex and base. Three other species of the genus have since been described, all natives of Brazil. P. Moseni, Rchb. f. (Gard. Chron., 1881, i., p. 298), was collected by Dr. Mosen, and afterwards flowered with Messrs. F. Sander and Co., St. Albans, while P. paranznsis and P. paulensis were both described by Rodri- | guez, in 1881, from native specimens (Gen. et Sp. Orch. nov., p. 215), the latter having been described four years earlier by the same author as Zygo- petalum micranthum (/.c., i.,p.109). P. paulensis has since been reduced to P. Moseni by Cogniaux (Mart. Fl. Bras., iii., pt. 5, p- 518, t. 99, fig. 2), but the details of the lip and crest of Rodriguez’ s drawing do not agree with the cultivated plant, so that the point requires confirmation. P. paranensis I think, has been in cultivation, for dried flowers taken from a plant which flowered. at Kew in September, 1888, agree well with Rodriguez’s figure (Mart., l.c. p. 519, t. 99, fig. 1) in the details of the lip and crest. The species are very imperfectly known at present. R. A. RoLFE. i f f SEPTEMBER, 1¢04.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 283 ARACHNANTHE LOWII. Tuts remarkable Orchid is not often seen in flower, and less frequently exhibited, except occasionally in a cut state; it was therefore the more interesting to find a noble specimen of it, bearing four of its long pendulous. racemes, in the group exhibited by Messrs. Sander & Sons at the Royal Horticultural Hall, on August gth last. The enormously attenuated racemes are sufficiently remarkable, but what specially arrests attention is the constant occurrence of two kinds of flowers on the same inflorescence, The lowermost flowers are invariably different from the rest. They may be two, three, or four in number, but they are invariably distinguished by having broader, flatter sepals and petals, of a bright orange-yellow, dotted with brown, while the remainder have narrower, distinctly undulate sepals and petals, which are irregularly blotched with dull crimson on a greenish yellow ground. The transition from the one kind to the other is so abrupt, and the differences so striking as to attract immediate attention, but up to the present no satisfactory reason has been assigned for the peculiarity. It can scarcely be a sexual difference, as in the Catasetum group, for so far as can be seen on examination the pollinia and stigma are equally perfect in both, but its constancy shows that it has some significance in the economy of the species, and we hope some day to see the mystery explained. It probably has some relation to its insect visitors and the fertilisation of the flowers, but failing the opportunity of observing the plant in its native home, it is difficult to offer even a plausible suggestion. So acute an observer as Alfred Russell Wallace, who saw the plant in Borneo, and figured it in his Malay Archipelago (i., p. 128), makes no allusion to it, nor indeed to its two kinds of flowers, though he speaks of it as a most extraordinary plant, and as being particularly abundant near some hot springs at the foot of Peninjauh Mountain, hanging from the lower branches of the trees, and bearing numerous pendulous spikes of six to eight feet long, one, which was carefully measured, being as much as g feet 8 inches long, and carrying 36 flowers, which were spirally arranged on the slender stalk. The plant is a native of Borneo, and appears to have been first detected by Sir Hugh Low about the year 1845, and described by Dr. Lindley from materials sent home by him under the name of Vanda Lowei (Gard. Chron., 1847, p. 239). A plant mentioned by the discoverer must have presented a fine sight, for it is described as having about two hundred of its branches hanging horizontally from a large tree, each branch bearing two, three, or four chains of flowers, 10 to 12 feet long. No mention is made of the occurrence of two kinds of flowers on the racemes. It is said to grow on lofty trees on the river banks, and other humid places, being always found inthe neighbourhood of water, and Messrs. Veitch remark that, over- 284 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [SEPTEMBER, I90}. _ hanging the smaller streams, it sometimes occurs in company with Cypri- pedium Lowii. In the low, swampy forest near the coast of Sarawak, it is said by Curtis to be abundant, and in the rainy season many of the trees on which it grows are only accessible by means of a canoe. The species appears to have fowered for the first time in cultivation in 1862, in the establishment of Messrs. James Veitch & Sons. In the report of one of the R.S.H. Shows, held on July 2nd of that year, it is recorded that Messrs. Veitch sent a “ magnificent collection,” including * Vanda Lowi, with a fine spike of rich reddish brown and buff blossoms, two of which at the base of the spike were yellow” (Gard. Chron., 1862, p- 622). This appears to be the earliest record of the occurrence of two kinds of flowers, which afterwards attracted so much atttention. This plant had been sent home by Thomas Lobb. Shortly afterwards we find it flowering, in great perfection in the collection of S. Rucker, Esq., West Hill, Wandsworth, when the following note appeared (Gard. Chron., 1862, p- 791) :—‘* There is now in bloom here a magnificent specimen of Vanda Lowei, a Bornean species of extraordinary beauty, introduced to this country some years ago by Messrs. Low, of Clapton. It is planted in a large pot filled with sphagnum and broken bricks, sunk in the floor of the house in which it is growing, and measures quite 8 feet in height. It has four lateral branches besides the main stem, all of which are furnished with long drooping chain-like flower spikes, eight in number, and measuring quite 7 feet in length, festooning from the roof, to which they are attached in the most graceful manner imaginable. These are covered with large showy blossoms, having a buff or rather pale lemon ground colour, most beautifully barred and blotched with rich cinnamon brown. When we state that on each spike there are at least forty flowers fully expanded at one time, not huddled together in a confused way, but set at regular distances apart, varying from three to four inches, some idea of the glorious appearance presented by a specimen of the size just described may be conceived. A singular circumstance connected with the inflorescence is, that at the base of every spike are two, and in some instances three, blossoms of a rich orange yellow, covered with minute black spots, and quite different in colour and form from that of the rest of the flowers on the same spike. . . . To Mr. Pilcher, Mr. Rucker’s gardener, has been reserved the credit of first showing what this Vanda is capable of becoming under good cultivation, and well has the task been performed.”’ Since that time it has flowered in various collections, and numerous figures have appeared showing its remarkable character, and the way that the racemes have to be supported owing to their great length. One of these shows a plant which flowered in the collection of Baron Alphonse de Rothschild, at Ferriéres-en-brie, in France, in July, 1885, carrying about seventeen | SEPTEMBER, 1904.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 285 racemes. It is said that when it flowered again in 1887 it was still more extraordinary, and that 650 flowers were counted on the plant on that occasion (Vetich Man. O., vii., p. 12). The number of yellow flowers on the spike has been observed to vary, even on the same plant. A strong specimen in the collection of Baron Hruby, Peckau, Bohemia, produced fifteen spikes in 1889, and the gardener, M. Faus, observed that while some of the spikes had three and others two yellow flowers, the number in the shorter spikes was. reduced to one. In other cases as many as four yellow flowers have been occasionally observed. The species varies but little. Reichenbach described a Renanthera Rohaniana from dried specimens, in 1885 (Xen. Orch., i., p. 89), and it after- wards flowered in cultivation, and a coloured plate was given in the Revue Horticole (1879, p. 210), but a comparison with the older form, which had been previously figured in the same work (1868, p. 112) shows that the supposed novelty is but a trifling variety, having fewer and larger blotches on what may be termed the blotched kind of flowers. Veitch’s var. Rohdeniana( Man. O., vii., p. 10) is evidently a mistake for the same thing, as both are said to have come from the Lueddemann collection. An interesting experiment was made by M. Kramer, gardener to Madame Jenisch, of Flotbeck Park, Hamburg, to ascertain whether there was any sexual difference between the two kinds of flowers. He self-fertilised the yellow flowers, and also fertilised them with pollen from the cther kind, besides fertilising the blotched flowers with pollen from the yellow, and in all three cases ripe fruits were produced, from which he concluded that there was no sexual difference between them (Warn. Sel. Orch., il., t. 4). Mr. J. C. Spyers also made a curious discovery which we should like to see confirmed. Speaking of the Burford Lodge plant, he remarked :—‘‘ A remarkable fact about this splendid Vanda is that the one or two yellow flowers at the base of the many-flowered spike emit a very powerful odour while none of the chocolate and white flowers are anything but slightly scented. Thescent is peculiar, but not disagreeable” (Gard. Chron., 1880, ii., p. 406). Commenting on this, Mr. Day observed :—‘‘I have not remarked this, but no doubt it isso. I have had three plants in flower, but I never smelt at the yellow flowers.” It need hardly be added that Mr. Day had made a very careful painting from one of his plants (Coll. Draw., xxv., t. 35), but he had previously painted both kinds of flowers, which had been brought to him by Mr. Rucker in August, 1864 (/.c., vili., t. 25). On that occasion he had observed that the anther and pollinia of the yellow flower was deformed and imperfect, and added—‘“ I wonder if it is always so.” He also noted that the flowers had a smell a little like cucumber, but less. refreshing, in fact, rather sickening. Had he then noticed any difference between the scent of the two kinds of flowers he would certainly have noted it. 286 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [SEPTEMBER, 1904. The problem awaits solution. It is certainly not analogous with the case of Grammatophyllum, in which two or three flowers at the base of the inflorescence are abortive, being reduced to four segments, through the loss of the lip, and the union of the pair of lateral sepals, which is accompanied by an imperfect column and anther. In the case of the Arachnanthe we may assume that the basal flowers have become specialised for some particular purpose—but what? Observation of the plant in its native surroundings may one day furnish an answer. The point should be borne in mind by those who have the necessary facilities. R. A. ROLFE. NOTES. ‘Two meetings of the Royal Horticultural Society will be held at the Royal Horticultural Hall, Vincent Square, Westminster, on September 6th and 2oth, when the Orchid Committee will meet at the usual hour, 12 o’clock noon. The Manchester and North of England Orchid Society will hold a meeting at the Botanical Gardens, Old Trafford, on Friday, September 9th, and a second meeting at the Coal Exchange, Manchester, on Thursday, September 22nd. The Committee meets at noon, and the exhibits are open to inspection from I to 3 p.m.. An illustration of the group of Orchids exhibited at the recent Inter- national Horticultural Exhibition at Dusseldorf, by M. Firmin Lambeag, of Brussels, and to which the jury awarded the first prize of 800 marks, is given in the Revue del’ Horticulture Belge for June. A group of Orchids exhibited at the meeting of the Nederlandsche ‘Orchidophilen Club, held at Haarlem, on May 28th and oth, is also illus- trated in the July number, together with a nobile specimen of Oncidium sphacelatum exhibited at the same meeting by by M. J. D. Onderwater, and a good plant of Cyrtopodium punctatum exhibited at the Dusseldorf exhibition by M. Maurice Verdonck. The August number of the same work contains a figure of a group of Dendrobiums in the collection of: M. Van Vloten, of Zandvoord, near Haarlem. este A figure of a fine group of Orchids in the collection of J. Lawrence, Esq., M.P., Oaklands, Henley, Surrey (gr. Mr. Bannerman), appears in a later assue (1904, li., p. 61). The plants are evidently very well grown. A beautiful group of Odontoglossums’in the collection of Norman C. ‘Cookson, Esq., Oakwood, Wylam-on-Tyne (gr. Chapman), is figured in a recent issue of the Gardening World (1904, p. 217, with suppl. plate). SEPTEMBER, 1904. ] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 287 A lecture on. the ‘‘ Preservation of Wild Flowers” was given by Prof. Boulger at the R.H.S. meeting on August 23rd. which included many references to the destruction of British and other Orchids, which it was contended should be protected by legislative enactment and other means. Cultivators of plants for sale and botanists were included among the delinquents, and among the remedies suggested were the concealment of habitats, their’ enclosure, the cultivation of wild forms, transplanting rarities, re-introductions, education, and legislative action. The lecture will be printed in the Society’s Journal. Flowers of a handsome Epicattleya, obtained from Epidendrum costaricense X Cattleya Gaskelliana alba, have been sent fromthe collection of Captain Holford, Westonbirt, Tetbury, by Mr. Alexander. They are white, and fairly intermediate in structure. They must be referred to Epi- cattleya X Liliane, raised by M. Maron and exhibited at a meeting of the Societé Nationale d’Horticulture de France, held at Paris in December last, and recorded as derived from Cattleya Gaskelliana xX Epidendrum costaricense (Journ. Soc. Nat. Hort. France, 1903, p. 766). Whether this seedling is from the same source is not stated. A flower of the pretty little Masdevallia x Veitchi-fragrans, which was exhibited at the last R.H.S. meeting, is sent from the collection of R. I. Measures, Ksq., Cambridge Lodge, Camberwell, by Mr. Smith. It is most like M. fragrans in shape and colour, somewhat modified, however, and the yellow ground of the perianth tube is covered with numerous purplish hairs, which owe their origin to the influence of the M. Veitchiana parent. It is probably not fully developed at present. A flower of a pretty little hybrid derived from Lelia cinnabarina xX Cattleya intermedia is sent by Messrs. Cappe, of Vesinet, France. It is fairly intermediate in character, and must be referred to Leelio-cattleya X .Amelia. ORCHID PORTRAITS. AERIDES CRISPUM.—Gard. Chron., 1904, il., p. 134, fig. 56. ANGRECUM INFUN ARE.—Gard. Chron., 1904, ii., p. 130, with uppl. fig. ; Garden, 1904, li., p. 109, with fig. . BULBOPHYLLUM HAMELINII.—Gard. Chron., 1904, ii., pp. 118, 124, fig. CALOPOGON PULCHELLUS.—Journ. Hort., 1904, 11., p. 113, with fig. CATTLEYA X F. W. WIGAN SUPERBA.—Gard. Mag., 1904, p. 510, with fig.; Journ. Hort., 1904, ll., pp. 162, 163, with fig. ' CATTLEYA X HARpDyANna.—aAmer. Gard., 1904, p. 493, with fig. 51. 288 _ THE ORCHID REVIEW. [SEPTEMBER, 1904- CATTLEYA X STATTERIANA.—Fourn. Hort., 1904, i., pp. 466, 467, with fig. CorYANTHES SPECIOSA.—Gard. Chron.. 1904, i., p. 106, fig. 44. CYMBIDIUM SANDER&.—Gard. Mag., 1904, p. 563, with fig. CYPRIPEDIUM LAWRENCEANUM HyEANUM.—Gard. World, 1904, pp. 683, 689, with fig. CYPRIPEDIUM MONTANUM.—Gard. World, 1904, p. 631, with fig. CYPRIPEDIUM SPECTABILE ALBUM.—Gard. World, 1904, pp. 647, 650, with fig. DENDROBIUM BELLATULUM.—Gard. Chron., 1904, ll., p. 114, fig. 47. DENDROBIUM THWAITESI&, VEITCH’S VAR.—Journ. Hort., 1904, i., p- 401, with fig. La@LIo-cATTLEYA X HENRY GREENWOOD IMPERATOR.—Gard. Mag., 1904, pp. 524, 525, with fig. L&LIO-CATTLEYA X INGRAMI.—Fourn. Hort., 1904, ii., p. 91, with fig. L&LIO-CATTLEYA X PisANDRA.—Journ. Hort., 1904, i., p. 137, with fig. ODONTOGLOSSUM CRISPUM COLMANIANUM.—Gard. World, 1904, p. 629, with fig. PHALNOPSIS SCHILLERIANA.—-A mer. Gard., 1904, p. 493, with fig. VANDA PUMILA, Hook. f.—Bot. Mag., t. 7968 CORRESPONDENCE. Sig cagaeoesten not answered here may find replies to bigs queries on tye Pages, and in ee cases, for various reasons, they may have to sta eon er afuture issue. In ase of kh seedlings ame for name, the parentage and nis tory should avays be br ‘ely wited. ye Mickowt eile details we are not always able to deal with them pe A estore y.) W.S. It is difficult o say what your semi-established Seach anata crispum_ will develop into. The flower is very small, but the shape good and the sepals well blotched. e lip is very small, he we should suggest that the plant is very weak, though making pa attempt to flower. When the plart beco strong 1 y develop into a good form which case the unspotted petals should contrast well mith ‘the coloured and blotched sepuis: -J.P-M. panier longipes, eee eaten a seven-flowered inflorescence, is som what unusual. O barbatum and O. ropogon are allied though distinct species, but O. altissimum belongs to quite a different group, and has a very tall inflorescence, as its name implies W. LB. Oncidium Forbesii and O. Gardneri. E. R. The name is at present uncertain. Do you know the native country? n response to numerous enquiries, we sae to say that the Orchid Stud-Book is in the press, but the difficulty of dealing with the numerous incomplete or contradictory records er more delay se was qancipieed: The additions will be dealt with as soon as the others are out of the w We have received the Catalogue of Orchids and other plants issued by M. Julius Roehrs, Exotic Nurseries, Rutherford, New Jersey, U.S.A., containing a select collieries of Orchids, and some good photographic illustrations. MURRAY’S PATENT ORCHID STAND. If you want to grow Orchids to perfection and for profit “Try a few on Stands.” Pronounced by most of the leading Orchid Growers to be perfection. MILLIONS SOLD. eninge by William Murray, late Orchid Grower t 0 N. C. Cookson, Esq. now with American Well Works, 145, Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C. Price List containing full information fr om The United Wire Works, Dtd., NEWCASTLE-ON-TYNE. ORCHIDS. ORCHIDS. Be eS. er our wae and varied Stoc of Orchids, and new range of ORCHID HOUSES, is respectfully invit ‘Rare and Choice oo Cendrobiums, &c. DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUES POST FREE. A.J. KEELING & SONS, Orchid Growers & Fmporters, THE GRANGE NURSERIES, Westgate Hill, Bradford, Yorks. H. A. BURBERRY’S system of personally Giving Ad- vice and Demonstrating Methods of Orchid Cultivation insures suc- cess and satisfaction. One gentleman says: ‘“‘I consider your visit has been worth £100 to me.” All desirous of paving oe see tte of his long exper matters affecting the ibe. at thelr Orchids. should communicate with him, and he will be glad to wait on them when in the vicinity, at a very small fee. H. A. B. attends Orchid Sales, and sill be pleased to receive com- missions to buy for those who cannot attend. Ethel House King’s ent; BIRMINGBRAM, SANDE QROHID GUIDE ALL THE BE st KNOWN ba IES AND IEl ORCHIDS WN CULTIVATION. Their native countries, descriptions of the plants a — iene, season of flowerin g, best method 7 culti tion, temperatures, watering, potting, visititation, & ADDRESS : Concise, ‘agro instructive & useful, together with NAMES and PARE Se eceaeres * all the KNOWN HYBRID ORCHIDS, Arranged in tabu no ae sre form so that all Hyb rids derived sie h species or hybrid may be ascertained at a glan 330 pages, s, strongly bound. I Seen & alike 2 = mateur & Expert Ti 6d. OW RE ith THE ADDENDA. —Erinxin this valuable work up-co- Can be had bo und in _— ~ Guide, or [ eepuraté in Half-roan. SANDER © SONS, ST. ALBANS COIVCIIIDS. Those especially who contemplate forming a Collection would profit by consulting STANLEY, ASHTON & Co., SOUTHGATE, LONDON, N., whose advice and plants would be found equally good. ORCHIDS. As we are receiving at short intervals importations of ORCHIDS IN VARIETY, we shall be pleased to quote particulars on application. CATTLEYA LABIATA just arrived. Apply for sagen of Established Orchids. Ete BROS., Smporters and Growers. BITTERNE PARK, SOUTHAMPTON. VALS BEETLECUTE Supplied to H.M. Go The only sate infallible ‘exterminator L A ie tracers of BEE ROACHES, OODLICE, Etc., ver numerous. Medal of the Royal ow Society, September, 19€3, Silver Medal of Royal ag nic pete seroma March, 1904. — L ood these cts eat eagerly. If used for some nights ice. flerpeandfoacts on they will be entirely ae ated. NON ae TO HUMAN goretah & ANIMALS. , - and 2s. 6d. wd Bellows, is; Sold Everywher VALLS & 00., 16 Coleman set London, £.¢. SPHAGNUM MOSS Bag of 3 Bushels of finest fresh- gathered Sphagnum Moss for 4/6. Usual Price, 3/6 per Bushel. Also OAK LEAVES, 3/6 per Sack. £, STUDDARD, Rock Cottage, CORWEN, WN. Wales. ORCHID PEAT. FINEST QUALITY IN ENGLAND. Selected Sample; Solid Fibre; Three 10/-. Bushel Bag PEAT DUST for Azaieas, &c., 3s. per bag. SAMPLE AND TESTIMONIAL ON APPLICATION. A. MAPLES, Ranmoor, SHEFFIELD. ORCHIDS! ORCHIDS!! JOHN COWAN & Go., Lid., HAVE A VERY LARGE AND FINE STOCK OF ORCHIDS all in the very finest health and condition, and they are rong ena to their ely such Specie ieties as are lik TO INTEREST coloawORs. age are also being constantly receiv ed from various parts of the World pe attention given to orders for Export- nspection invited. someones sel and Priced Catalogues post free, application to the Company, GATEACRE NURSERIES, GATEACRE, Nr. LIVERPOOL. a Gateacre. Telegrams—‘‘ Cowan, Satcnina:' : W. RICHARDSON & Co. DARLINGTON. Horticultural Parisian Blinds Builders and for outside use Heating .. on Horticultural Engineers. Buildings — best hEaUR Shading in exis- Beautifully illustrated new . tence for Orchid Catalogue (264 pages. on Houses. (INTERIOR OF SPAN-ROOFED HOUSE, SHOWING PARISIAN BLINDS ON ROOF.) ORCHID HOUSES A SPECIALITY. Menticn ORCHID REVIEW when applying. imperishable Horticultural Paints, INVALUABLE FOR ORCHID HOUSES AND CONSERVATORIES GENERALLY. Patented in a * a a Patented in All Countries. zy All Countries. Absolutely Unequalled in Appearance, Easy Working, Permanence and Economy. These Paints have been Specified for the New Roya! Horticulturas ociety’s Hall, The LUBROSE PAINT Go. (°"::2:"") Moorgate Station Chambers, E.€. Telephone: 478 Central. Telegraphic Address: “ Perfectum, London.” PATENT FAST-DYED KHAKI COTTON NETTING. For Shading Orchid and other Greenhouses. ABSOLUTELY FAST. WELL SHRUNE. THE GLASS WILL NOT REQUIRE STAINING. Price Lists and Patterns Free on application to— E. SPINNER & GO., 3oknrs MANCHESTER & BOMBAY. CONTRACTORS TO H.M. WAR OFFICE & INDIA OFFICE. NOTICE FO READERS Of Tito ORCHID REVIEW This work has been A Notice of the Orchid Stud-Book appeared in our December issue. compiled, upon a uniform plan, up to the end of 1903, giving the name, parentage, raiser or exhibitor, and date of appearance, with references to descriptions and figures, and other matters, and will be published as soon as possible. It is intended to continue the records monthly in the OrcHip ReEvirw, as far aS possible on the same system, thus giving a ready means of reference to existing hybrids, and, we hope, a means of checking the growing confusion into which the subject has fallen. Full details appeared in our March issue. GROSS’S SPECIALITIES FOR THE GARDEN. CROSS’S VAPORI (NICOTINE FUMIGATING COMPOUND), 146s. per pint (equal to 40,000 Cubic Feet), : AR cent. on the current price. No.1 Size—1 Pint Bottle, conta eo ey for 40,000 cubic feet No. 2 Size—4 ‘ 20,000 A No. 3Size—6oz. * ,, ; 3 12,000 % oo No. 4 Size—4 ,, ‘ : 8,000 : us es “ 5/3 No.5 Size—2 ,, “4 000 " . xe = . 3/6 Vv apor ising Fumigator, Sm all size, for 2.000 cubi £ 149 "eae 1/9 , Large size, fo: r 5,000 oe he 2/6 r - CROSS'S GARDEN FERTILIZ ER. LUB CIDE. 1 cwt., 16/- ; 561b., 8/- ; 28lb., 5/- ; tei 3/- ; Tib., 2J- ; 3ib., 1/3- In Canisters, 6d., 1/- and 2/6 nei i A new Insecticide and Soil Purifier. Destroys all ground CROSS’S ORGANIC G vol i) per ewt 5/6 : . - per gallon, oe said. gs - mtr LUNT’S CHRYSANTHEMUM MA E. gallons of solutior paid. One gallon will make 2,000 Pace POTTING SOI 20/- per cwt., 11/- per half cwt., 6/- per “quarter cwt. tine ae BALLIKINRAIN ANT DESTROYER. paid). In ade Ae s, 14Ib , 3/6; 71b,, 2/-. In Tins, 6a 16 per bottl 1/- and ae each. CROSS’S MILDEW Quantities of 1 cwt. and over carriage paid. 10/6 per gallon, 2/6 per ih Core ee Ome LUNT'S CHEMICAL MIXTURE. e For dev eloping Chrysanthemum and other flowers. This is ee ee a POWDERS. a purely of a very v aluable nature and | No. 1 set equal to 16) i Gas.) should ‘be applied in water as directed. ‘ull inatroctions | No. 2 set, equal to 7.50 0 cubic ica 3/-. 1 with each packag' In Tins at 1/-, 2/6 and 5/6 each. | 7 ae —— 4]-. } pparatus, 2/6 each. TO BE HAD OF ALL NURSERYMEN AND SEEDSMEN, OR FROM ALEXANDER CROSS & SONS, Ltd., 19 HOPE STREET, GLASGOW, & 79 MARK LANE. LONDON. ORCHIDS A SPECIALITY. Messrs. Charlesworth & Co. Heaton, BRADFORD, Have a large and fine stock of established and imported Orcuips. INSPECTION INVITED. By Special Appointment to His Maiecky | the ey ORCHIDS! ! ORCHIDS QUANTITY IMMENSE. Inspection of our New Range of Houses IS CORDIALLY INVITED BY HUGH LOW & 60. BUSH HILL PARK, MIDDLEBSEA. ORCHIDS, Clean, healthy, well-grown plants at reasonable prices ; many large specimens and rare varieties. CHOICE DENDROBES A SPECIALITY. Please write for List. JAMES CYPHER, EXOTIC NURSERIES, CHELTENHAM. EAST INDIAN ORCHIDS. DELIVERED TO ANY ADDRESS. WHOLESALE OR RETAIL. Price List on application to S. P. CHATTERJEE, Victoria Nursery, CALCUTTA. Io WEEKS & G®6., Lid. tborticultural Builders To His Majesty, H.R.H. the Prince of Wales, overnment, Admiralty Dept., War .. Royal Hort. Soc., Royal Botanic Soc, Parks and Public Buildings. dacmake on ere ** LONDON. EPHONE, No. 872 Patentees of the Duplex Upright Tubular Boilers, KING’S ROAD, CHELSEA, S.W. MANCHESTER & NORTH OF ENGLAND Orchid Society. HeapquarTERS: THE COAL EXCHANGE, MARKET PLACE, MANCHESTER, The next MEETING of the COMMITTEE se of adjudicating upon the Orchid submitted will be held on September 22nc 9 at 12 o'clock Sad mpt. Open to Members from I to 3 oclock f P, WEATHERS, . Sec. Bot eee ee: Manchester. ORCHID HOUSES A. SPECIALITY: FOR Conservatories, Orchid Houses. Ferneries, Cucumber and Melon Houses, Vineries, ete. FOR All Classes of Hot Water Boilers and Heating Apparatus. Printed by R. W. Simpson & Co., Ltd, Richmond Press, Sheen Road, Richmond, Surrey SE Metis ste, sk se ae gi etnies 3 TS VoL. XII.] OCTOBER, 1904. [No. 142, RCHID REVIEW: Hn 3Fllustrated Monthly Journal of Orchidology. Amateur’ Collectio = , Ancistrochilus Pie eomparnans ye Ase Barkerias.. Calendar of Operations ve Oc sober Correspondence ‘ Cymbidium nipponicum : ioe res bidium C. X Niobe, C. * Madame Jules Hye, C. X Lord Coulson (x Leeanum virginale X Charlesworthii), very bright in colour, Promenza lentiginosa, exhibited as a supposed natural hybrid between P. xanthina and P. stapelioides, Leelio-cattleya x Sunray, L.-c. x Haroldiana, L.-c. xX luminosa, and numerous other interesting things. A First-class Certificate was given to L.-c. X Cappei Charlesworth’s var., a remarkably large and richly coloured form, and an Award of Merit to L.-c. x illustris (L. X Latona X C. Dowilana aurea), a handsome thing, having the flowers deep yellow somewhat veined with rose, and the lip rich claret-crimson. Messrs. Sander & Sons, St. Albans, received a Silver Flora Medal for a jarge and handsome group, including a fine Cymbidium x Winnianum (Holmesii) bearing several spikes, C. Tracyanum with three spikes, the handsome Pescatorea Klabochorum, Cypripedium X nitens Perfection, a very fine form, C. X Stanley Rogerson (Charlesworthii x callosum), a striking flower having the dorsal sepal white tinged and lined with rose, C. X Clio (insigne xX Lynchianum), Lycaste Skinneri alba, two fine Cycnoches chlorechilon, Miltonia candida grandiflora, M. x _ Bluntii Lubbersiana, Cattleya X Neptune (Schilleriana x labiata), and various other fine things. Awards of Merit were given to C. labiata Miss Kate Brazier, a Jarge and beautiful white form, having some light purple mark- ings on the lip in front of the light yellow disc, and C. X G. W. Schofield (C. labiata Cooksoniana x Lord Rothschild), a fine light coloured flower, having the front lobe of the lip rich crimson purple with a lilac crisped margin, and some yellow markings on the disc. Messrs. James Veitch & Sons, Chelsea, staged a good group of showy hybrids, to whicha Silver Banksian Medal was awarded. It included the handsome Cattleya x Mantini, C. x Mrs. J. W. Whiteley, C. x Portia, Lelio-cattleya X Terentia, L.-c. x Bryan, L.-c. x Haroldiana, L-c. X Decia, L.-c. X Digbyano-Warscewiczii, Lelia x Digbyana- purpurata_ Lc. x bletchleyensis, L.-c. X Acilia, L.-c. x Tenos (C. Bowringiana X ea aks hn eS Ks i a i ila cg ban oS arr ec a - * % 5 t DECEMBER, 1¢04.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 395 L.-c. X Nysa), a richly coloured hybrid, most like the Bowringiana parent, but with two yellow eyes on the disc, Cypripedium x Thalia, Sophro- cattleya xX Atreus (S. grandiflora x C. Lawrenceana), a bright — purple hybrid, &c. Messrs. Hugh Low & Co., Bush Hill Park, also gained a Silver Banksian Medal for a very pretty group, including some fine forms of Cattleya labiata, C. xX Maroni, C. Bowringiana, with six spikes, C. X Parthenia Prince of Wales, Vanda Kimballiana, Brassolelia »% Mrs. Gratrix, a charming specimen of Masdevallia tovarensis, four plants of Oncidium cheirophorum, Ionopsis paniculata, Trichopilia tortilis, T. coccinea, Warscewiczella Wailesiana, &c. Messrs. J. and A. A. McBean, Cooksbridge, also obtained a Silver Banksian Medal for a fine group, including some good examples of Odon- toglossum crispum, Dendrobium Dearei, a fine Cymbidium Tracyanum, Cattleya xX Mantini, some fine C. Bowringiana, Cypripedium Charles- worthi, C. xX Leeanum giganteum, C. insigne Sandere, C. i. Harefield Hall var., &c. A Cultural Commendation was given to a fine specimen of C. X Morganiz, bearing five spikes and an aggregate of sixteen flowers. Messrs. Stanley & Co., Southgate, also received a Silver Banksian Medal for a bright group, including some good Cattleya labiata, C. Loddigesii, C. xX O’Brieniana, C. X Mantini nobilior, C. xX Mary Gratrix (granulosa Schofieldiana ™X Harrisoniana), Odontoglossum Xx __loochristiense, Epidendrum vitellinum, Lelio-cattleya »% elegans Turneri, Miltonia Regnellii Crashleyana, M. X Cogniauxiz, Scaphosepalum ochthodes, &c. AT the meeting held on November 15th there was a large and brilliant display, five groups receiving medals, and the first-mentioned was remark- able in every respect. G. F. Moore, Esq., Bourton-on-the-Water, Glos. (gr. Mr. Page), staged a large group on the broad staging at the end of the Hall, which was remarkable alike for quality, excellence of culture, and floriferousness, and to which the Orchid Committee unanimously awarded the Society’s large Gold Medal, and recommended that the Lindley Medal should also be given for such excellent culture. The group contained about four hundred specimens, and was most tastefully arranged, and set up with moss and small ferns at the back, and with graceful foliage plants behind. Cypripediums were in the majority, but were broken up by groups of Dendrobium Phalznopsis, Oncidium varicosum, Cattleya labiata, and some other showy things, including a brilliant form of Epidendrum xX O’Brienianum and Phaiocymbidium X chardwarense. Dendrobium Phalznopsis was represented by the varieties rubescens, high- buriense, exquisitum, a bright purple form, and the pure white holo- 366 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [ DECEMBER, 1904. leucum, and the Cypripediums included the fine C. X Priam, C. X Leeanum giganteum and other fine varieties, C. X microchilum, C. xX Lathamianum giganteum, C. xX Nandii, C. xX Olivia, C. x Actzus C hardwar var., and others, together with about 120 fine forms of C. insigne, noteworthy examples being the varieties Sanderz, with over a dozen flowers, Dorothy, with eight, Harefield Hall, with three, Oddity, with three lips, and others too numerous to mention, both yellow and spotted. An Award of Merit was given to G. i. sylhetense giganteum, a large, well-shaped form, having a broad, blotched dorsal sepal, with a large, white area at the apex. The bringing of this large collection from such a distance at this season of the year must have been a feat of considerable difficulty, and no wonder that the group was greatly admired. N. C. Cookson, Esq., Wylam-on-Tyne (gr. Mr. Chapman), sent Cypri- pedium insigne Sanderze Oakwood seedling, C. X Niobe, Oakwood-raised var., with several fine blooms, C. X Actzeusaureum, C. X A. punctatissimum, Cattleya labiata oakwoodiensis, a finely flowered specimen, which gained a Cultural Commendation, and Odontoglossum x Andersonianum Crawshay- anum, a very large and handsome form, showing much of the character of QO. crispum, to which a First-class Certificate was awarded. Captain G. L. Holford, Westonbirt, Tetbury (gr. Mr. Alexander), received a First-class Certificate for Cypripedium X Niobe Westonbirt var., a fine round flower, having the dorsal sepal handsomely veined with rose purple, on a white ground, and an Award of Merit for C. X triumphans magnificum (X Sallieri X cenanthum superbum), a very fine form, having the dorsal sepal heavily blotched with purple-brown on a greenish ground, and the petals and lip richly shining chestnut-brown. D. O. Drewett, Esq., Riding Mill on Tyne (gr. Mr. Renwick), sent six seedlings raised between Cypripedium insigne Maulei and C. i. punctato- violaceum. Mrs. T. Fielden, Tadcaster (gr. Mr. Clayton), sent a good specimen of Cattleya labiata. Mrs. Hollond, Wonham, Bampton (gr. Mr. Austin), sent a flower of Cypripedium xX Nina E. Hollond (insigne superbum x -Lathamianum). C. J. Lucas, Esq., Horsham (gr. Mr. Duncan), sent Leliocattleya X Cordelia (L. Dayana x L.-c.-x T. W. Bond), L.-c. x Angela (L.-c. X exoniensis X L. prestans), and Sophrocattleya % warnhamensis (C. amethystoglossa X S. grandiflora), an elegant little plant, with pretty rose- coloured flowers. Mrs. Nickalls, Pattison Court, Redhill, showed a good Stanhopea oculata. F, A. Rehder, Esq., Gipsy Hill (gr. Mr. Norris), sent Cypripedium x Ernesto, C. X Adrastusinversum, and C. X Hitchinsiz (insigne Chantini x Charlesworthii album). DECEMBER, 1904.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 367 W. Thompson, Esq., Stone (gr. Mr. Stevens), sent Odontoglossum crispum William Stevens, a handsomely blotched home-raised form. F. Wellesley, Esq., Woking (gr. Mr. Hopkins), sent Leliocattleya x Norba superba, Cypripedium insigne Mrs. F. W. Moore, and C. i. citrinum Truffautiar.um, two good yellow forms, also two finely coloured varieties of Cattleya labiata, called Minnie and Westfield var. Messrs. Sander and Sons, St. Albans, received a Silver Flora Medal for an excellent group, including the richly coloured Cattleya labiata King Edward VII., and other showy forms, some good hybrid Calanthes, fine forms of Cypripedium insigne and C. X Leeanum, C. X Orion var. bellum (concolor and insigne Sander), cream white densely spotted with purple, the handsome C. X Mary Beatrice, and some fine forms of C. x Helen II. (insigne X bellatulum). A First-class Certificate was given to a fine form of the latter, called var. Fascinator, a large and handsome cream-yellow flower heavily marked with purple, especially on the dorsal sepal. Messrs. Hugh Low & Co., Bush Hill Park, staged a fine showy group, which gained a Silver Flora Medal. It contained the handsome Leelio- cattleya x Statteriana, L.-c. x Lady Rothschild, L.-c. x Decia and its beautiful variety alba, Cypripedium insigne Harefield Hall var., with four flowers, C. X Tityus,C. X Don Carlos (? Charlesworthii xX Lathamianum), having the dorsal sepal handsomely blotched with rose, Cattleya x mollis, C. X Maroni, C. Dowiana, C. labiata Amesiana, &c. An Award of Merit was yviven to C. 1. reedleyensis, a beautiful white form tinted with faint pink in front of the yellow disc of the lip. Messrs. Charlesworth & Co., Bradford, received a Silver Flora Medal for a very rich. group, containing several good Cattleya Vulcain, C. X Portia, C. X Fernand Denis, C. x Clarkia, a fine Lzliocattleya x Violetta, L.-c. x bletchleyensis, six richly coloured L.-c. X luminosa, Lycaste X Tunstillii, Trichopilia suavis, Vanda coerulea, some good Cypripedium xX Leeanum, C. x Hitchinsiz, C. x Milo, C. insigne trisepalum, having the lateral sepals free, enlarged, and much spotted, &c. Messrs. James Veitch & Sons, Chelsea, also received a Silver Flora Medal for a fine group of hybrid Cattleyas and Lzeliocattleyas, the more noteworthy being Cattleya X Wendlandii, Leeliocattleya x Tenos (C. Bowringiana X L.-c. x Nysa), L.-c. X leucoglossa, L.-c. X bletchleyensis, some good L.-c. X Decia, and other Leelia Perrinii crosses, among which the new L.-c. x AEgina (L. Perriniix C. X Hardyana) was very promising, the form being good, and the sepals and petals lilac, with a rich purple lip. Messrs. Hooley Bros., Bitterne Park, Southampton, sent a pretty little group, consisting of Cypripedium insigne Sandere, good coloured forms of Cattleya labiata, and two white forms tinged with pink on the lip. 368 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [ DECEMBER, 1904 MANCHESTER AND NORTH OF ENGLAND ORCHID. A MEETING of the Manchester and North of England Orchid Society was held at the Coal Exchange, Manchester, on November roth, when there was a small display of choice things. E. Rogerson, Esq., Didsbury (gr. Mr. Blomley), staged a very fine group, to which a Silver-gilt Medal was awarded. A First-class Certificate was given to Lelio-cattleya x rubens var. Miss Rogerson (Lelia pumila prestans X Cattleya Hardyana alba), a very handsome form, and Awards of Merit to Cattleya x Fabia and C. x fulvescens. S. Gratrix, Esq., Whalley Range (gr. Mr. Cypher), soeet an Award of Merit for Cattleya labiata var. Lady Duff, a beautiful form with white sepals and petals, and a delicately coloured lip, and an Award of Merit tor Cypripedium X Thalia West Point var. Dr. Hodgkinson, Wilmslow (gr. Mr. Woore), received a First-class Certificate for Cattleya x Fabia var. Dorothy. T. Statter, Esq., Whitefield (gr. Mr. Johnson), exhibited a small group of Cypripediums, to which a Vote of Thanks was accorded. Messrs. Sander & Sons, St. Albans, received an Award of Merit for Leliocattleya X Arderniz (L. Digbyana X L.-c. x callistoglossa), a very fine thing. Messrs. A. J. Keeling & Sons, Bradford, received an Award of Merit for Cypripedium insigne var. aureola, one of a small group exhibited. Mr. W. Holmes, Timperley, exhibited a plant of Cymbidium xX Holmesii, a form of C. x Winnianum,.bearing two spikes. IMPORTED ODONTOGLOSSUMS. WRITING on imported Odontoglossums in a recent issue of the Gardener's Chronicle (p. 322), ‘“ Odontoglot ” remarks :—‘* We have recently potted up and grown on some thousands of Odontoglossum crispum of all sizes. Asa result I wish to advise my fellow amateurs to be patient, and not to leave more than one flower on unestablished plants. One flower, or rather bud, may possibly mature, but it is scarcely to be hoped that more than fifty per cent. of the plants will produce anything but abortions. - This, of course, means an unnecessary weakening of the already weak plants. I remove all but the lowest bud, and find this the best. . It is natural for one to try and see what his purchase is likely to produce, but patience is everything, and immediately the flower is sufficiently expanded to be labelled it should be taken off. I am trying oak-leaf mould. It will, I fear, mean more frequent disturbance for repotting than when using peat.” |= We would suggest the advisability of trying a mixture of the two materials, as well as of using them separately. DECEMBER, 1904. | THE ORCHID REVIEW. 359 CYMBIDIUM x EBURNEO-LOWIANUM, THE annexed figure represents a noble specimen of Cymbidium xX eburneo-Lowianum, from the collection of Captain G. L. Holfor Westonbirt, Tetbury, and is reproduced from a photograph kindly sent for this purpose. Mr. Alexander writes that the plant is grown in a URNEO-LOWIANUM. > » EI x CYMBIDIUM 50. MiG, 370 THE ORCHID REVIEW. (DecEMBER, 1904. sixteen-inch pot, and bore fifteen spikes and an aggregate of seventy flowers, the best spike carrying seven flowers. _ It is a picture of health and vigour, and although the figure is necessarily greatly reduced, one can readily imagine the effect produced by sucha specimen. The hybrid is too we.l known to require description, and we may congratulate Captain Holford and his able Orchid grower on such a notable example of good culture. PAPHIOPEDILUMS FROM BURY. O. O. WRIGLEY, Esq., Bridge Hall, Bury, writes :—‘‘ It may interest you to learn that I have had a very fine display of Cypripedium insigne blooms since the commencement of the present month, and I have very great pleasure in informing you that I have instructed my head gardener to cut, label, and forward to you samples of the very choicest varieties among those I grow. Each bloom will be labelled, so that you may know the name by which we distinguish it from the numerous varieties which I possess. I think I have previously drawn your attention to the wonderful fog-resisting property which this, my favourite Orchid, possesses in an astonishing degree. During the course of a fairly long life, I have never experienced such a continual succession of the worst type of fogs as we have been afflicted with during the past three weeks, and yet my Cypripedes have passed through the ordeal without any material damage, and have kept on smiling as if they were enjoying the experience. It may interest you to know that I have close on 1,300 Cypripedium blooms now open or just expanding their flowers, and the greater number belong to the insigne family or their hybrids.” The flowers sent forma magnificent series, which for beauty of form, colour, and robustness of growth it would be difficult to surpass. The insignes form a remarkable series. The yellow forms include Sander, still the best, Sanderianum, Lutwycl , Ernestii, Balliz, Youngianum, Dorothy, Lindenii, Amesiz, Cobbianum, and Wm. Millie Dow, all but the three first having what may be termed traces of the usual spots, but more than half obliterated. Among spotted forms, in which the spots scarcely extend beyond the green area, we have the old insigne, and the varieties Wrigleyanum, a very fine form, having the white area broader and the spots twice as large, magnificum with still larger spots, smaragdinum with spots rather few and pale, and three others. Of those in which the green area shrinks, leaving some clear purple spots on the white ground, there isa still finer lot, including the well-known punctato-violaceum, tessellatum, more compact and very closely spotted, marmoratum, Thompsonianum, ‘ornatum, exquisitum, having few large spots in the centre, and many small a ee DECEMBER, 1904. | THE ORCHID REVIEW 37. ones at the sides, nearly half of which extend into the white, Dormani- anum, Green Bank var., with many small spots, half of which are purple, owing to the restricted green area, Berryanum, a striking form described at page 18, and six others, beside the magnificent Harefield Hall var., in which the culminating point of development is reached, the flower measuring 5 inches in diameter across the petals, while the dorsal sepal is three inches broad. Lastly, the variety corrugatum is remarkable for its corrugated lip, and Oddity (figured at p. 57 of our eighth volume), for its lip-like petals. The rest are hybrids. P. X Leeanum is represented by eight beautiful forms, including superbum, giganteum, Clinkaberryanum, having a still broader dorsal sepal, and many minute purple dots, virginale, very slightly spotted, conspicuum, &c. A seedling of uncertain parentage is like a small, unspotted Leeanum, such as might be expected from re-crossing with P. Spicerianum. P. X Arthurianum and its variety pulchellum are too well- known to require description, were space available, but three forms of the latter are sent to show that no two are alike, presumably seedlings out of the same batch. P. X nitens Wrigleyanum is excellent in form, and the spots on the dorsal sepal are very small and dense, while in P. X n. aureum they are over twice as large and not half as numerous, and there is a tinge of yellow in the ground colour. Other striking forms are P. X Minos, P. X Buchanianum, two forms of P: X aureum, the handsome P. X Tityus, P. x Madame Jules Hye, and the richly-coloured P. X calloso-Warneri. Finally must be mentioned two interesting seedlings. The first is from P. x Mons. de Curte X Argus, and bears a close resemblance to P. xX Murillo, having both the dorsal sepal and petals very heavily blotched with blackish brown. The other is derived from P. tonsum X niveum, but has reproduced the former pure and simple. Whether it represents one of those mysterious “false hybrids ” or not is at present uncertain. Mr. Wrigley and his able gardener, Mr. Rogers, must be congratulated on their success in cultivating this beautiful group. ORCHIDS IN SEASON. A Most beautiful albino, bearing the name of Cattleya labiata alba, Mund- ham variety, is sent from the collection of the Rev. J. C. B. Fletcher, Mund- ham Vicarage, Chichester. The flower is of excellent shape, and the petals over 2} inches broad, the colour being pure white, with the usual deep yellow blotch on the disc. It is a very charming form. A five-flowered inflorescence of the beautiful Cattleya labiata Mrs. Francis Wellesley, to which an Award of Merit was given by the Royal Horticultural Society on November Ist, is sent from the collection of F. Wellesley, Esq., Westfield, Woking. The colour of the flowers is delicate 372 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [DECEMBER, 1904- rosy blush, with the front of the lip paler, or what has been described as silvery white, with the usual yellow disc. Mr. Wellesley remarks that the plant came from an importation by Messrs. Stanley, Ashton and Co., and has produced nine flowers on two spikes. Several interesting flowers are sent from the collection of J. J. Neale, Esq., of Penarth, by Mr. H. Haddon, Mr. Neale’s gardener. They include flowers of the dark purple Dendrobium Phalenopsis Statteriana, and Miltonia spectabilis Moreliana, two of the most effective of autumn-flowering Orchids, together with the graceful Platyclinis Polystachya laxiflora, Camaridium ochroleucum, Liparis longipes, and the curious little Pleurothallis tridentata. Flowers of a handsome hybrid derived from Lelia pumila prastans X ESS anceps Schroeederiana are sent from the collection of the Right Hon. J. Chamberlain, M.P., by Mr. Mackay. It must be considered as a form of Lelia X amoena, which was raised in the collection of C. L. N. Ingram, Esq., and flowered for the first time in 1894. The flowers sent are large and handsome, having an expanse of six inches from tip to tip of the petals. : Flowers of several very beautiful hybrids are sent from the collection of Sir James Miller, Bart., Manderston, Duns, N.B., by Mr. Hamilton. Cattleya X Mantinii is represented by a beautiful inflorescence, and C x Mrs. J. W. Whiteley is a still finer thing, in which C. Dowiana is. replaced by C. X Hardyana, both being too well known to require description. Another handsome hybrid of Cattleya Bowringiana must be considered as a form of Leeliocattleya x Bowringiano-Clive, being derived from the same parentage. It is much like the Cattleya parent in general character, and the colour is very deep rose purple, with the disc of the lip blackish purple, without any yellow. A handsome inflorescence of Leliocattleya x Clonia is also enclosed. Several handsome Paphiopedilums are sent from the collection of J. H. Grogan, Esq., Slaney Park, Baltinglass, Co. Wicklow (gr. Mr. H. Cooper). P.insigne Sandere is a splendidly developed flower of this beautiful variety. P. x Sir Redvers Buller is a very fine flower, having the dorsal sepal and base of the petals prettily spotted. Mr. Grogan remarks that it has been out some weeks. The others are a very good flower of P. Charlesworthii anda fine P. x Leeanum, having very minute dusky dots on the green area at the base of the dorsal sepal. All are excellent examples of good culture. several beautiful flowers are sent from the collection of J. Leemann, Esq., West Bank House, Heaton Mersey, by Mr. Edge. Lelio-cattleya x luminosa and its variety Amy Leemann are two fine hybrids between Lelia tenebrosa and Cattleya Dowiana aurea. The latter variety is a very ERS RNY AOA OT DECEMBER, 1904.] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 373 beautiful form, having bright buff-yellow sepals and petals, and a ruby- purple lip. The other is more buff, and has a much paler lip. A form of Paphiopedilum x Richmanii is extremely handsome, both shape and colour being excellent. It is sent as a hybrid between P. bellatulum and some unknown parent, but a comparison shows that it is a form of the one mentioned above. There is also a very fine form of P. insigne, having the dorsal sepal 2} inches broad, and the blotches large, but not extending into the white area. It is allied to the variety Chantinii, but differs in the character just mentioned, and we cannot ascertain to which of the innumer- able varieties of P. insigne it belongs. ——_- — page EXCHANGE OF DUPLICATES. I am pleased to see that this question has been again revived in the Orchid Review and trust that it may meet with a wide and generally approving re- sponse. In all such exchanges, there are certain difficulties to be overcome, one of which would be the considerable variety in the quality of the specimens offered under a particular name, especially unless they be portions of, or propagations from, certain well-known individual plants, which have obtained certificates. Another difficulty that must also arise in connection with such published lists is that of ascertaining the bond fides of corres- pondents whose names are not well known, but the advantages appear to me to greatly outweigh possible small drawbacks, and such a list would at any rate be the means of putting amateurs all over the country in direct communication with each other, and they could ascertain by correspondence more exact particulars concerning the plants offered. It is the Exchange lists, similar to the one suggested for the Orchid Review, that are found to be the most popular feature in some of the entomological and scientific magazines, and which largely tend to the maintenance and increase of their circulation. FREDERICK J. HANBURY. Upper Clapton. In a recent issue of the Orchid Review I notice an opinion is invited as to the desirability of keeping a page where Orchid growers can set out duplicate plants which they have for exchange. I think there would be advantages in adopting sucha course. The only danger I can see is in case it should be carried to an extent which might make the transaction too much a commercial matter and interfere with the trade, which would certainly be undesirable, but exchanges to a reasonable extent between private growers could hardly be prejudicial to the trade. AMATEUR. As a subscriber and reader of your valuable journal, and an Amateur Orchid Grower, I think such an addition as suggested would prove to be a 374 THE ORCHID REVIEW. [ DECEMBER, 1904- boon, both to Professionals and Amateurs, and be the means of making the Orchid Review more popular. DA AW. I think the idea of setting apart 2 small space in the Orchid Review for exchange of duplicates &c., is very good, and would serve a useful purpose. I shall be glad to avail myself of it, and think a small charge for insertion would be gladly paid by anyone having duplicates to exchange. I hope to see in your next issue a notice to the effect that you have decided to try it, for a time at least. H: ‘THORP. Your correspondent’s suggestion respecting a column for exchange or Sale of Duplicates will meet with the approval cf all amateurs like myself, and if you decide to go on with it you will, I am sure, find it a success. J.. McC. The foregoing letters have been received in response to the note given at page 351 of our November issue, and may be left to speak for themselves. It is clear that an Exchange column would be welcomed if the details can be arranged, and, subject to the following conditions, we are quite willing to make the experiment. We therefore invite amateurs to send lists of Duplicates and Desiderata, such lists not to exceed twenty names, and to be accompanied by the names and addresses of the senders (for publication), accompanied by a fee of one shilling to cover the cost. The lists will not be printed in the body of the work, and of course it will be understood that the Editor is not responsible for the correctness of the names or the condition of the plants offered. We hope this will suffice to give the matter a start: the conditions may be varied hereafter as circumstances require. NOTES. THE next meeting of the Royal Horticultural Society, and the last of the year, will be held at the Royal Horticultural Hall, Vincent Square, West- minster, on December 13, when the Orchid Society will meet at the usual hour, 12 o’clock noon. The following are the dates fixed for the Society’s meetings during 1g05:—January 3, 24; February 14, 28; March 14, 28; Apriliz, 25; May 9, 23; May 30, June r (Temple Show) ; June 20; July 4, 18; August I, 15, 29; September 12, 26; October 24; November 7, 21; December 5, 19. The Orchid Committee will meet on each of these occasions. There are _ additional special shows of fruit, vegetables, &c., but these, of course, do not come within our special province. ppeesdomiipennes all ern IP ae yl ili ec ee ln mr DECEMBER, 1G04 ] THE ORCHID REVIEW. 375 The Manchester and North of England Orchid Society will hold meetings at the Coal Exchange, Manchester, on December 8th and 15th. The Committee meets at noon, and the exhibits are open from 1 to 3 p-m. The dates at present announced for 1905 are:—January 5, 19; February 2,16; March 2, 16, 30 (?); April 13, 27, and May 11, the latter being the date of the Annual General Meeting. Mr. John E. Lager, in a recent issue of 4merican Gardening remarks (p. 669), that in the collection of Henry Graves, Esq., Orange, New Jersey, U.S.A., at a recent visit he saw ‘‘a fine batch of the beautiful Cypripedium Insigne Sanderee, fifty-seven fine plants, twenty-four of which were in full bloom. To the best of the writer’s knowledge, there is no other place in the United States where such a number of this beautiful and choice Cypripedium can be seen in bloom at one time, and it is worth a long journey to see it in such numbers.”’ Mr. Henry Cooper has been appointed gardener and Orchid-grower to J. H. Grogan, Esq., Slaney Park, Baltinglass, County Wicklow. An interesting Catasetum has just flowered in the collection of the Right Hon. J. Chamberlain, M.P., Highbury, Birmingham. Mr. Mackay remarks that it is a seedling, found growing on a block of wood with an Oncidium from the West Indies three years ago. It was taken off and planted in some sphagnum moss along with Vanda Batemanii, and should have flowered last year, but the spike was eaten off by cockroaches. It proves to be a light form of C. macrocarpum, having the petals very densely spotted with small purple dots. THE ORCHID STUD BOOK. TuIs work is being printed as rapidly as possible, but we cannot yet fix the date of publication. We regret that the work of revising the records took longer than was anticipated, and it was impossible to commence printing until this was done. So many contradictory and imperfect records were found that it was most difficult to deal with, and at last a few have had to be omitted, as it is impossible to ascertain the parentage. The 1904 additions have been collected, but it seemed impracticable to print them in advance of the others, and it is proposed to include them as a supplement to the work, and to give the latter additions in the Orchid Review monthly, as already proposed. It has been a very difficult task, but we believe that our readers will find it invaluable when we can place it in their hands, and this shall be as early as possible. 376 THE ORCHID REVIEW. DECEMBER, 1904. | ORCHID PORTRAITS. BULBOPHYLLUM BARBIGERUM, Lindl.—Rev. Hort. Belge, 1904, p. 253; with plate. Coax Jucosus, Lindl.—Bot. Mag., t. 7980, fig. 5 CyYPRIPEDIUM X KinG Epwarp VII.—Gard. Mag., 1904, pp. 772, 773; with fig. DENDROBIUM BELLATULUM, Rolfe.—Bot. Mag., t. 7985. L#LIA PR#ESTANS (var. with slaty-blue lip).—Gard. Chron., 1904, ii., p- 354, fig. r6r. LALIA PRESTANS ALBA.—Journ. Hort., 1904, ll., p. 409, with fig. L#LIA-CATTLEYA X CAPPEI, CHARLESWORTH’S VAR.—Journ. Hort., 1904, il., pp. 452, 453, with fig. ODONTOGLOSSUM X ANDERSONIANUM CRAWSHAYANUM.—Gard. Mag., 1904, p. 774, with fig. ODONTOGLOSSUM CRISPUM VAR. XANTHOTES CHARLESWORTHI.— Journ. Hort., 1904, il., p. 391, with fig. 2 eee VARICOSUM RoGERsII.—Journ. Hort., 1904, il., pp. 432, 433, with fig. ZYGOPETALUM CRINITUM, Lodd.—Bot. Mag., t. 7980, fig. 4. CORRESPONDENCE. (Cor sis amare nol ansi — a may find rn sengs§s to their queries on other pages, and in some cases, for various reasons, they may have to stand over for a future issue. In the case of hybrid jt sent pe name, “the pith enka age and history shor “ld pity be briefly stated, for without these ils we are not always able to deal with them bdiohoiclebste ) P. W., Magdeburg. The hybrid from Cattleya Mendelii x C. granulosa du Buyssoniana is a beautiful form of C. * weedoniensis, described at page 318 of our seventh ume. rom C. Gaskelliana x Epidendrum vitellinum appears to be a false hybrid ; at all events we fail to find any trace of the Epidendrum in the flower sent. A note unavoidably stands over till next month. HM. Pu. The esl sp Cypripedium X Leeanum superbum X Charlesworthii is a form of C. x longwooden. C.F. aa intermedium, a plant whose history will be found in our last issue. F. W. Many thanks. We will take the matter in hand as soon as received. J. W. Cypripedium x A see often comes deformed, and we regret that cannot suggest t the e cause ora remedy. Your flower is good in colour, and the flowers ney not always come in this state W. S. (and several others). Unavoidably postponed till next month. _ Photographs received, with thanks. P. W., W.S., R. C. D. (next month), W. T. We must again reaness hem We ave to attach labels to flowers so that they can be read without removing them have again several flowers in which the names are ten strips , and then rolled round =e round the sis and tied -saipiding ecessary trouble. a a Ss INDEX. ACINETA Humboldtii, 114. Calypso _— 324. Acoridium, 219, 220; abbreviatum, 219; | Catasetu onodon, 231; Naso 9,319; X arachnites, 219 ; auritum, 219; barbifrons, renee ere eabesiaire: 374. 219; bistortum, 219; brachyotum, 220 ; Catasetums, 70- bracteosum, 220 ; brevilabratum, 220; | Cattleya, 353 3 x Soe 72; x Alfre Cobbianum, 220; convallarieforme, 220 ; Fowler, nabili 339 3 cornutum, 220; corrugatum, 220 amethystogtossa i vrenceana), 67 ; erinum, 220; edentulum, 220; erosum, San 1043 rembergil, 220; filiforme, 220; globigerum, 220; Atalanta Cas var., 270; Bowringiana, glu e 220; gracile, 220; grandi- 351, 361, (X Forbesii), 72 ; ¢ ndida, ; florum, 220 ; Kingh, 220; latifolium, 220 ; x Casca, 309 ; citrina, 252, (xX Lawrence- lineare, 220; linearifolium, 220 ; longi- ana), 133; Dowiana,63; X abia, 368 ; folium, 220; magnum, 220; pumilum, x F. Dorothy, 368; x F. Marie de 2 ufum, 220; sarawakense, 220; Wavrin superba, 3423 # row simile, 220°3 roe ai 2204 tenellum, Wigan, a1; << Fe. Wa W.. su uperba, 219, 220; uncatum, 2 247 ; X fulvescens, 368 ; Speer 241, Ada aurantiaca, 71, 33. on 253; G.alba (x Warn eri alba), 229; G. e be Aéranthus, 46 ; : Curnowianus, 475 Leonis, 47. W. Schofield, 364, X » 247 Aérides, 121 - Sato taiiy 1 341 ; Harrisoniae, 354 ; Harrisomiana, 354; Albinos true from see d, 229 H. candida, 356; Harrisonii, 354 5 Algze, 20. er, 92; intermedia Aquin ay 178s 1. H Lowryana, 173; i. variegata, 3543 S Amateur s Collection, 1541 183, 257, 289, 3 3 secon gigas, 308, 3175 iricolor, 181 ; Est 46. Ames, on Flori ‘oi Orchids, 95; on ids > g o =! ce a oO w N Ss ie je) (=| Uv ® or a ° oe [o) o GQ e =] wn °o = ie ° og, oo S ~ oF to ve fs) in i: iranthes and Habenaria, 127. is, 8, (varieties), 339; X I. aurifera, a eo open FR 209 32003 3 Fascinator, 3393 Prince Angr , 46; capense, 46; Galeandre, of Piedmont, 308; x I. Westonbirt var., as erminyanum, 47; _ gladiifolium, 306 ; labiata, 109, ees 353; |. Lady Duff, 473 ic someth , 47; infundibulare, 225, 368 ; 1. Lowia, 349; |. Miss Kate recy 245, 246, 307 ; Rothschildianum, 230, 64; 1. Mrs. F- Wellesley, 363, 308 3 Sanderianum, 337; sesquipedale, oak woodiensi 680604. reedleyensis, 367; : 47s 255: Leopoldi (x Gaskelliana), ye, (x 1, tene- aagaiie Clowesii, 259. brosa), 72 ; lobata, 266 ; Loddigesii, nea: Anguloas, 123. x Lois var. mollis, 48; X Lottie, 341; Aneectochili, 352 x Madame Myra Peeters, 229, 244; Arachnanthe Lowii, 268, 283. maritima, 355; Mendelii, 156; M. veh Arethusa bulbosa, 323; sinensis, 63. nensis, 157 ; Minucia 5 erba, 2 Arundina chinensis, 363- mollis, 48 ; Mossiz, 94, (X Mendelid, 222, 262; M. alba Tracy's var., 2143 M. BARKERIAS, 251, ae Reineckeana, 191; X Mrs. Myra Peeters, Batemannias, 3 SES shia 6a 5X oakwoodiensis, Bidgood, J., on Orchi ds, 94, 226. 170; ovata, 355; Spamor geet 355 ; Bletia nipponica, 300 ; ver recunda, 136. Patrocini a 26 x P.. Tring pie as, 133, 360 x Patrocinii- aurea, 2638 ; 360. par., *2 (Review of) — Bog- Trotting for Peetersii, 330, 331; Percivaliana, 88, ie Po Mr e Doux. x Pitti Or chids, 321; Hand-L ist of Orchids culti- | Mrs. R. le Do ittiana ie in the Royal Boesical Gardens, | Marshall Evy 06 ; X Portia Chardwar Kew, 166. | var., 3385 P. magnifica, 34 Rose Botanical mince 3 | Leemann, ee Schilleriana (Xx inter- Bracken rhiz $s, 206. | media), , (xX Leddigessii), 72, Brass eniatis 39. maxima) 72; Schroedere, 88 ler’s Brassi | way; : St. Gilles, 340; vis, Bre aieacaitieya x Digbyano- Mossi, 182. | 172.3 superba alba, 104; X Thayeriana, Bulbophyllum Careyanum —roseum, 328 ; | 48, 49; hurgoodiana, 246; Trianx, Ericssoni, 272; Hamelinii, 268 ; Lo bbii ba, Percivaliana), 72 ; T Ibida, 87 claptonense, 213; micropetalu | T. Imperator, 88; X triumphans, 244; eypratun, 119; Pahudn, 2723 tremulum, Warscewiczii, 241, 242; W. Frau Otto 132 ; virescens, 272 ; Weddelii, 339, 341- onggbr ay eee ke Rosslyn var., 243 W. White Queen, 247. Burlingtonia venusta, 312- Cattleya Fly Cattleya House of L. de Rothschild, Esq.,94. ugar oe 122, 149, 251, 289; Albino, 229; craigs 16. CALANTHE DISCOLOR, 131, 1473 ruvens alba, 67 ; vestita, 34- Calendar of Opera ations, 26, 42, 74, 121, 147, 186, 216, 250, 274, 301, 332s 357: Carstotyiis gracilis, 219, 2 377 _ © o $ yw Or N 378 ainda Orchid Show, 142, 191. hloraea baptuan: 1585 virescens, 159. 159. Sa S) 2, Chysis, 76, (culture of), 124 os aurea, 124; bractescens, 124, 189; nelsoni, 125; levis,125; x lan ng- a 126. Limminghei, 125.5) 26s5e- denii, 12 Cirrhopetalum Secu Sac, 328. Cleistoma secundum, 222 Cocilioda jeer tae 278 ; : 11; Neetzliana, 189, 205, 210 Gachtindas, 189. Co ckroaches, pee OG. 374. Cogniaux and ( sens Dictionnaire Icono- g raphique tes "Orchidées, 63, 318, x miniata, rot Baueriana, ee bella, .343 3... mac- rostachya, 338, 3 celogyne ee, 36, 126, 136, 260 ; Dayana, 47; Massangeana, 347 ; pulchella, E33 S venusta, I Cooper, Mr. Ee, 374. Corallorhizs sccggeth a 323. Sa, engine 32, 64, 96, 128, 160, 192, sea agi 320, 352, 375. Co » 7 Cruiksha — Geo Deiinccoceuy tae nM, 213. Crete 76; aureum, iS Fela scion » 31 Cymbidium x anor, bi Sy gape reo - Lowianum, 119 369 ; Sein, 94, 346; e. Parish, ‘ea Goringii, 150; grandiflorum,. 55, 9 Holmesii, 313, 368 ’Ansoni, 141% insigne, 230. 280; Lowianum, 258, 350 ; Mackinnoni, ; acrorhizon, 303 ; Mantinii, 313, ay : 5 Peomeu, 3035 > laa 163, 1 Sandere, . J 7 Maa 313, 364, 368; x eck an O cohidaos. 28, 148, 359 Cynorchis compacta, 68 ; villosa, 67. Cypripedium, 167 ; Jax, 173; X. aller- onense Westfield var., I 30; x es Soheaapes 725 OX S 3 Tu Bs: ® 4 p xa x virginale, 82; x Baron “Kuroki, 213 ; 8s Baron Schroder, 341 Bee ckmanii, ella. 270 = bellaclam, 217, Pisa > bingesens Hilda, omas Rosen; 3425 xX “Bae +. 300; ‘we: x Heliaat, 83; ; Cae bbb. Calceolus x crant e: lic: 175) x callose Retieckaas’ callosum anum, 270; San AN A a oe S. Hye’: +» 340; c. splendens, 21; caudatum, Fad Cre Sines cnt oh - INDEX. Sa eas x Chas. Canham aureum, soraaanan ae Leoinic, -§2 ; 20 ; Clio, Cravenianum, 16; Crawshawe, 34 Curtisio- ciliolare, 19 ; dellense, : n Carlo jo. Dora: Grawshaw, -64 $< Dowlingianum Appleton’s var., 19 ; oe poner PALS Edithzes.. 525 Elmireanum, 341; X Elsie, 19; X lines New Hall uae VAT BA os Evely era ee red Hardy, 19, B48 =X ak eel “RS Garret A. Hobart, 52; glaucophyllum, Rats Gloriana, 243; nape ee 248 ; G. leucochilum (x Lawrenceanum), $45.6 X Spicerianum), 84; xX Xx Goultenianum, Bk 87; X Harveyanum, 247 EH: Hindea anum, Warbu hirsuto- Sallieri, 85; 366; i. aureola, 368; i. Moore, (Oakwo ad seedling), tense gigante I 200° 5 japonicum, ane ats Davis, 86; x King Edward VII., 339; La ponany y 83 3 Eatiamisnon Redcliffe a mee Bae peabate 5 ~ iathamo- Bleu, 331; lary B S Goren of Behe oii re Curtisii), or x Masterso-villosum, 50 ae oe CFE: ~ gaan. sats Milo hee 342 x Westonbirt var., aly, I ginze, 322, (seedlings of), 323; x Rolfei, 331, 3493 ee. 3 anderiano- superbiens, a0; x. Sempo, 315; | Shawianum magnificum, 308 ; x Smithii, eee St he ee INDEX. Cypripedium— 345; X Souvenir de einige xX Stanley Rogerson, 20, 36 la, 19; X Thalia . West Point var., exul, 182 : villosum Los 47 Watachnagialy EBR87 s Wellesieyanam, 140, 159; OW... FA, if 8 *< Willia amsonianum, 268 ; , Oakwood var. , 303; x x W. = abe Youngiano-superbiens, 1 Cypripediums, Shs 258 ; eas 61, 64; N. ican, 322, 32 Ghctechitcie Katwincka: 268." Cyrtopodium ecristatum, 136 ; Woodfordii, 136. cer. RINGENS, 323. ge soe n Orchids, 68. Day, Tohn, Orchid drawings S, 314. Dendrobium aggregatum majus, 115; XX hanes Age cats 174" inearifolium, 220; longifolium, bac: wags um, 220; ; pumilum, 220 ; simile, 2205 unca atum, 22¢ _ Desmotrichum cysati dioides, 69. Diacrium bicocatar: 1 eo} 18 Didymoplexis gorge _ Dies Orchidiani, 97, ee 193, 225 _ Dipodium, abies of, 231 : paludosum, 231; pictum, 231. agent g grandiflora 269, 280 ; racemosa, 221; Disaa” bite 92 ; Cape, 92. | EPICATTLEYA X ee 287. gatas advena, : bic ornutum, 114; ense, 46; centropeta m, 146; Cooper- ian, 50 ; Endresii, 145; Mantinii, 306; nemo e, 187; eee aay 199; prisma- rocdpaiee 57, 187 ; pumilum, 146; Schom- m if ki Hy 200; violaceus: 3533 vitellinum, 107, 2 Bpidendrams, 188. piphytic fab 99, I 10. es et ae tris, 238. Eri 254; ¢ onfusa, 254; Sicaria, 197. eaipas ‘ratidobalbcn: §75- Eulophia. abo 136; ‘Lubbecsaana. I25 Mackaiana, 325. Eulophiella Elisabethee, 141. _ Events of 1903, I "Exchange of Duplicates, ACh: 47% | FUNGI ENDOPHYTIC, 16, IIo | GRAMMATOPHYLLUM SPECIOSUM, 37. Gymnadenia < Legrandiana, 221 pasa ici ANDREWSEII, 323; candida, ; leonensis, 279 ; psycodes, Heemaria > igs oniana, 236. Helix alliaria, 2 History of Orchid Cultivation, 33. Huntleyas, 360. Pagalictnr witem, 8, progress in, 40, 1 Hybrids, 94 ; "two from ge pod, 72; tmuous re me of, 66, 97; contradictory records, ee. the "Botowir al Magazine, 343 5 of ade 2; primary, 64; records of, - Unnam ed, | Hybrids Do Orchids Hybridise ?” 39. 184, (im Florida), 72 ; 162. INSECTICIDE, ‘ X L ALL,” 228. | Insect pests, 149. an ACUMINATO-ANCEPS, 58 ; » 372; anceps, 75, 88, IOl, en (variation of), 78, 79; a. Sanderiana, 78 ; . Schroedere Theodora, 525 a. Stella, — | nie S, 34;g- purpurea, 266; X Gwennie, { : Jongheana, a7 Ped. Rahwitihia:. 274; 380 INDEX. Lelia— Lindley, Dr. J. Kromeri, 274 ; lobata, aie ese ua 179 5 ; | Lindley Medal, sie 365. pumila, 259; p. Gatton Park var ety, | Liparis bracteosa, 220; fulgens, 363. 362 ; purpurata, ee fe p Bakonshak arpa: 5. 40.5 brac eosa, 47. var.,173 3p. chelseiensis, 183 ; p. Duchess, Lycaste x gerne 158; Skinneri, 59, 176 ; p. Emperor 176 ; ueen Alexandra, ae 346; S. armeniaca, 119 ; S. Surprise, 183, hb ot 266; rupestris, 111; superb 35, 101, 123, te 28, 188. Leelias, sett : Neda 43, 75, 252 ; seedling, 16. MALAXIS PALUDOS A, 238. Lelio-cattleya x *Admiral bac‘ 270 Manchester sap North ‘of England hie “gina, 367 ; Alcyone, 3 Am 287 20, 174, 215, 270, 309, 341, 3 Andromeda, 50; agile la, 3 Se Pr ln (hor ‘Cisse as), 3 362; a ammonium Gratrixia, 142, 192 ; r "iden a 368 ; phosp 99; Ce nciien 38 sulphate, 99; Baldockiana exquisita, 173; Bertha, 223; Cookson formul » 99, 164, 193, ig ; nitrate Bird of Paradise, 141; blet able yensis of m, 99; nitrate of so 99. excelsior, : Bowri- albids poe 3 | Weeleane Burbidgeana, 306 ; occinea, Bowringiano-Clive, 372; Bryan, aes \° 1205. dtorsa. pas arryana alba 248 ; anhamiana Rosslyn var. 181; Cappei | H. Sander, 247; xX igneo-Estrade, Charlesworth’s var. 304; c. Grange var., | 117; r C70; Venchii- yi 34 Cassiope bohie? se We Bri eae} SIO, ; Wageneriana 39. Charles Linneus, 213; ce Wiga ; | Masdevallias, 234 2 259; introduced — by 308 ; Cordelia, 366; Die ih ano- Mossize | Lehmann Queen Alexandra 339; igbya Westonbirt | pores pia 50; Goringii, 150; var., 180 ; Digbyano-Schreederze alba, 138 ; | grandifiora, 123; macrura, 50 ; sanguinea, Digbyano-Warneri 63 igbya o- 67; Ste elei, 105. Warscewiczii Veitch’s var., 340; Domin- Me “Laws” of Inheritance, 3. lana, 157; ring Park var., 213; Dora, | Me opRtin vulcanicum, 174. 6; Dro R Schiff ann, 53; elegans, | et eagle Gnbioplossidee 134. 107, 351; (true from seed), 200; (X | Miltonia x Bleuana, 100; x Co ogniauxia, x ent fing 330 ; eximia Mary Beatrice | 54 2 ne a Sta ster i re 157; 142; e. Sander’s var. 309 ; ascl ee arwins Re E J3: | | Odontioda x Vuylstekex, 162, 179, 181, | | | 89, 209, 2 Odontoglossum x Adriane, 13, Pee 176, 197 ; Mrs. Menzies, x A. | Mrs. R. Benso 156; Lady : oe —- rae, Ne ew the sign “X” is not repeated before each name. a Sy # INDEX. 381 Bec oa ahi imn— tage, 156; x A. memoria Victoria- ano-triumphans, 180; X _ havengtense, Rene 13; xX A. Victoria-Regina, 13; _ 61: x h. mirabile, 199; ™ Horsmanii, Alevandre, 225; xX Andersouianum, 9; 80; X insignitum, sete yx se ga x A. Bogaerdeanum, 9, 10; X A. | 180); te Karwinskii, 299; le 299, Crawshayanum, 366; x A. Hebe, 87; 300; X lepidum, 240; Sigel: 300 ; x Annie Louise, 142; apterum, 234; a. | os scehyinienie: 53, 61, 159, 198; X L. dogo begat 206 ; a. Gurney Wilson, Rosslyn var., 195; X 1. Theodora, 235, 23 x ardentissimum, 14, 162, 244; | 247; Londesboroughianum, 252; luteo- Cookson, FL7, 120 > a gaara | purpureum, 197; maculatum (x Rossii), ~ > a, Fascinator, S15 EX ees Joe mirificum, 81 ; m. spectabile, ereteeie: 102-57 % Vine Honse var., 175; X m. splendens, 174; X m. tene- IFAS aaa thecedse ET; 762 x a. brosum, 82; X aon 207 ; nzevium, 34; ardentissimum, Ly eb aspersum , 331 ' nebulosum, 234; n. Gurney bait ee cet dense, 52); "xX = Dell atulum, 5g 233; n. pardinum, 2 2333 x nitidur Brandti, a 2453 Cervantesii, 132, 201; Neoetzlianum, 210 . satcultaii et am 259, (X Rossii), 184; Chestertoni, | set ior aus 4 166, 210, 10 ; cirrhosum Pitt’s var., 138; citrosmum, | cirrhosu 167, (in leaf: mould), 194, 149, 291; c. Rosefield var., 212; X | saben 167; P. Charlesworthii, 182 ; 28, 51, ~ gereaer leetum , 181, 202 ; X Coradinei, P. Frances, 175; P. Grand Duchess, 212, Fi 103, 2 x ro Hrrapie. 120 608 5. > Bees Ps Kathleen, 1 19; ‘Westonbirt Crerahayonc 206, 2 ia x C. Thomp- | var., 156; X previsum, 176; Reichen- son’s var., ; Sap Sects | heimii, 300; x Rolfew, 253; (X_ Pesc var. Regina, 87; cris de 23 rei), ‘243, 2537. 2 RB. _ Mary Beatrice, 164, 176, 190, 206, gt 225, 235; 258, ae 142 ; Rossii, 112, 234, 252, 259; sceptrum | 368, (hybrids of), 8, (in glass pots), 211, | nobilior, 1743 Sc chiepenntlens Beyrodt’s (in leaf-mo o 165, 193, (origin of | var., 2453; Sehroederianum, 299, 300; X : ees ci 235, (prices of), 223, | stauroides, 240 ; triumphans, 191, 198 ; t. (varieties), 9 c. Argus, 156; c. Ash- __latisepalam, 198; t. Rosslyn var., 195; See ane os 104, I 223; c. Brilliant, | oskinneri album, 206, 246; U. rose- 82. c. Campania, 215; Cc. Cainusianum, | fieldiense, 206, 211; U. splendens, 246 174 Mavi 796s ee Clio 3et seu 4 renustulum, 181, 202 Vuylstekei Cooksonze ee Cooksontanar, 233; | g sum, V. perc ; c. de Barri, 115, I c. Donovan, 223; | V.vivicans, 18; X waltonense, 15, 174 ; anz Muserea 223; c. Georg fieldiense, 1 > 68 ; Law, 175; c. Golden Queen, 11 ; c. Gra | Warneri, 232 ; X Wa attianum, 2355 KW Ruby, 223 ; c. Grairianum, 223; c di- | ardyanum, os : Wi LEXG 10, florum, 261 ; : Deets abe: 174;¢. Harold, | 236; X W. Alexandre, 54; x \V W. Minos 172; 175; c. Hon. Florence — 175 3 ; | 87; x W. Pittie, 170; x W. The Alake, ¢ lolanthe, 1563 c. Kin — 115 5 Fo 205. G Mar ae (ome menage (x Cochlioda), ‘205; re- adhelticuse. 21, ee (2 ‘Massangeanum, | fusing to flower, 207. 223; c. mirabile, 12, 198 ; -c. Mundyanum, Odontoglossums, 165, 203, 204, 208, 258 ; 223, 270; c- Oakfield Sindee: 243; Cc. | at Oakwood, 143, 286; nek for, 206 ; Olive, 170; c. Pittiz#, 195; ¢c-Prebendary | crosses made at Rosefield, 205, 208; dried va Princess Victoria, 195; C. owers, 234; from wood, 193; from | Queen Alexandra, 174 ;c. Raymond Craw- | Rosefield, 168 ; from Stamford Hill, 195; : : , 223; c. Regina, 223; c. Robson- | germinat oO i Su. ianum, I Rossendale, 115, 223; ¢. | (matural). 176, 205, (secondary) 208 ; Sibyl,.1173'¢ eae 140; c. Stanley i rted, “sade in gla pots, 207; Be, Rogerson, 1 c. tessellatum, 223; ¢. _ paintings of, 235 ; reversion in, nd 204, caesenalag 172% Gs Venus, 140,207; c.warn- | 205; se edlin rig 3, 162, 203,227; ham Ghee pe Willis am Stevens, 367,3 — Oncidium ampliatum, 281 ; ae 150; c. xanthotes oom c. x. Brooman White’s |_crispum, 108 ; flabelliferam, 295; Forbesii 161 ‘oid Varg 16E 172; a (yellow). 3175 Gravesianum, 295 ; Hruby- E Chanesworthi, 309 5 -C. X- Cooksonize, - anum, 151 Karwinskii, 299 ; Lietzei, 40 61: c. x. Gratrix’s var. 161; ¢. x- | 151; L dates-wieculata, 151 e ‘ Oakwood var., 82 ; Snow Queen, I61, talum, 67; xX Mantini Eradabaveite, 338 ; ; Xx Denison, 10, 118, 120, 23 | ornithorynchum albu : ma- D eget 10: x Golden Queen, | ilum, 2553 priete tum,’ 203; 4 Gao uvivierianum, 174; X elegantius, | bellum, 294; p.- eanum, cape 240; e excellens, 198, 240; facetum, 70; 151; Retemeyerianum, 304; m,. flavescens 92; wloriosum ( X Lindleyanum), 44 ; Bos eigen! go, Tie; t unguiculatum, 103, 176; grande, 149, 334; Hallio- 316 ee, ta Wa ans 232 crispum, 2 tg! ; x Harryano-crispum var. Oaicidiums, 7 259, 274; azilian, 293 >. Talma, 87 ; x i, -c. virens, 20; X Harry- | Coo €, 109 ; F yatera hybrid, 293. 382 INDEX. Orchid, Bees’ Nest in, 200; collection, 4 ; ig eamugion culture, 254; (in glass pots), oe 207, Sm ae ; X Madiotianum, 23, 101; (Present-Day), 94 ; Flov wers dried in sand, x Merete Loz: Maria, 101 ; 234; growing, 129, hatapddes) Maudie, 60; x 1 x Menelik, 261 ; (in America), 164, 193; Houses, 154, 120; X Miss Daisy Druce, 329; x Mon act a 66 ; at Oakwood, 178; fire de Curte (xX Argus), 371; X Morgania, ~ in, 62; floors of, 155; staging of, 155; 41; X Muriel, 102; X Niobe (pollen of), Importing "/difficulizes OF), . 304, ~ Can 58; x. Norma, §93.X Pelops, 593) exciting incident), 305; in a bees’ nest, Phoebe, tor ; X Priam, 59; X Pryorianum, 200 ; propagating by bulbils, 134; Show 127 ; X Queen of Italy, 17, 20; x Rob- i oe 142, 191; Society, 36 ; the binsii, 120; X Rolfei, 264, 349; X Sally, canny, 100. 102; X Schlesingerianum, 102; Spiceri- ; Orchid Review, 72. anum, 348; Stonei platytenium, 41 ; xX nied Stud Book, 35, 63,55, 07). 127,102, Thompsonianum, 60; tonsu ; 375: triumphans, 92; X Venilia, 58, 101; X Orchile at Burford, 132; at Dusseldorf, x lay 102 ; ee vexill-Io,.. 263=° 7X 93. 286, 310, 330; at iy 67, 166,° 319; Victor bos villexul, 101 ; villosum at Sevenoaks, 203, 234; at Tring Park, (x Charieewontany wa (x Lathamiannm), soya Wylam-on-Tyne, 177; British (de- 89; x W an ni; 318; Yolande, 102. struction of), 238, 287; Cape, 91; certifi- Paphio opedilums from Bury, 24, ee 370. cated of 1903, 2; colour photos of, 84; Paradisanthus eee. 2O2 Moseni, 262% Cool, 154; Decorations with, 4; dis- paulensis, 282 ; paranensis, 282. budding, 214 ; East Indian, 121; Epiphytic Patton's Fir wer Ga den, 34, "35, and their support, 99, 110; extinction of | Pelexia olivacea, 67. ° ‘ native, 238; Floridan, 95, ; peed cS “ Perching Plants,” ap 379; food for, 98, 99, 165, 194; for I i Million, 36 ; from Gatton Park, 55 ; ee rom | | Llandudno, 197 ; from Penarth, 112; from | Pescatoreas, 133, 360. Streatham, 103; from Walton Gran nge, Phaiocalanthe x irrorata, 343; X nivalis, 84. 167 ; from Westonbirt, 156; from Weston- | Phaiocymbidium x chardwarense, 365: Ph ‘super-Mare, 1 TOE} pen cags tig of, 16; in aius Bernaysii, 91; Blum baskets, 315 ; in seaso a eb, 119, Bernaysii, 67, 91; Humbled ag P. 157, 190, 253, 262, 317; 348, 371 ; Malayan, Wallichii), 51. 95; malformed, SI; N r. Rucker’s collec- Phalenopsis, 360; amabilis, 35, 63, 2 tony 373 newly-i es meer 125- -N. grandson, 238; X intermedia, 39; Lowii American, 321 ; Saprophytic, 351; shower uet of Orchids 191; spotting, 148 ; Phalanepeds House, Dr. Schiftman s, 237. - starved to death, 98, 99; stimulants for, | Phalanopses, 334; at Tring Park, 144 3 237. 362; structure and fertilisation ee 127; culture of, 2 twenty-five years ago, 4o; etable | Pholidota carnea, 220. a curios, 61; w opular, sO ts “winter Photography, 72. treatment, of, 42, 301, 332, 3 Phra. agmopedilum, 1673. X task ge Sarg oo . a Legrandiana, 221. Schlimy), 89 ; x Gottianum Orchis S Heinzeliana, 221; mascula, 62, | Platyclinis, 733 ba rbifrons, 219; ‘pistorta, 130 alba, at Morio, 40. 219; brevilabrata, 220; Cobbiana, 239; Osm ae ‘fibre e€, 98, 99, 164, 165, 193, 361. corrugata, 220; filiformis, 239; globigera, Otiorhynchus sulcatus, 128. 220 ; glumacea, 73, 239; g. valida, 73, 239; ’ gracilis, 220; grandi , 220; Kingn, PACHYSTOMA THOMSONIANA, 297. 220 ; nest 735, acest, 220 ; rufa, 220; Pa gi geting 107;° X Aphrodite, 60 ; sarawaken stachy odes S, 220; um ge 24; barbatum (ab- un normal, 319; x. calloso- Mastersianum, Pikione Reichenbachiana 336. 89; x Calypso Froebelii, 31; Chamber- | Pleiones, 275, 334, 335. lainianum, 330; & Chapmanii, 120; | Pleu SA peda nee hea: 133; Roezlii, 68 ; Charlesworthii, "31, 348; x Cymatodes, Suuthan (30% 253; X Dorothy, 102 ; x Wovindane Paliodian ‘fibre, 165. for; xX Eira, 329; x Elsie, 10t ; X | Polystachya sp., 112 Ethel, 102 ; « Evelyn Ames, 31 ; Fairrie- PORTRAITS. \eiimke crispum, anum, 134, ae glaucophyllum, 307, 308 ; ANCISTROCHILUS Thomsonianus _ var. x Her mbridge Lodge var., 23; x Gentilii, 128, 352.—ANGR&CUM infundi- iero, gore 7 oe ‘iesae: 150: x bulare, 287, 320; sesquipe 2 ingens, 103; insigne, 2 (varieties ARACHNANTHE Cathcartii, , ot), 370; X Irene, 102; * Kamilii IOI; ARETHUSA _ sinensi 64 SSAVOLA x 7x ae Digbyana, i x Leeanum Clink berryanum, 24; Ls Thorntoni, 320.—BULBOPHYLLUM 1 Siganteum (x BO) SP 6 8 Parnes comum, 96; barbigerum, 376 ; Wanicinik SS ee oe -, ES, oe ee ee ec tmey ers saree, I ERM AOE eae ee nae ¢@ , 4 INDEX. 383 Portraits— | Portraits— 287 ; peta aed ian THE cee, ol ae iS pd color, CAL aon Ohalcheltng, _ ardentissimum “Cooksonse cirr- PeCATiLEYA Sanne 64, 96; | hosum Pitt’s var., 16 ue : crispu A F. W. Wigan su we say, -Otiat 64, ee ee 256; c. Colmani- Priuzn, 32.; .Hardyana, 287; labiata, | ‘ Sooksonianum, 192; C 32; 1. alba » 325 Mendelii eee, 64; DE: Barri, 128 c. Harold, 224; c. Jeanette, Sie, Schroeder. 160 Kinl esideanum, 160; c. Luciani, Statteriana, 288 ; Warscewiezi Frau | 2 Oc. iaehfeldlende, 64; c. Oakfield lanie eyrodt, 320. CHLORAA pied ie 320 + 'C € y Bevan, crispa, 192 2, CIRRHOPE TALUM _ pictura- anthotes ‘Chasenworts var. ", 320.—C(CELOGYNE cristata, 128.— a 3763 “nebulosuin hens Wilson, AX jugosus, 376. ORYANTHES | 224; Pes 192 P, athleen, speciosa, 32, 288. —Cystniprom x Balli- I a i Lindeni, F schroedert 192; eburneum, 9 giganteum 9 P. grrr mueg” x Wilscni 28; pees ch na i x Vuylsteket ‘vivican 643 ense Lowio-eburneum concolor, (92; Parishii | rosefieldiense, ga ‘--ONCI nat cucul- r. Sander, 2; rhodochil 64; | latum, 352; platybulbon, 6 raestans, Sanderz, 288; Wilsoni, 128——CyNOR- | 64; tigrinum unguiculatum, 320; vari- CHIS purpurascens, 160.—CYPRIPEDIUM | cosum Rogersii, 376.—PAPHIOPEDILUM ips ana palchellum, 32; x Ash- | Charlesworthii album, 20. — PHAIO- burtonz expansum, 192 reum | CYMBIDIUM »X _ chardwarense, 32.— virginale, 12 x Beckmani, 128; Cal- | HAIUS Humblotii WS.) 1604 "3 ceolus, 12 Chapmani, 192; & 4)... Marthe... 262. HALENOPSIS Marie, Euryades eis 160 ; Fred. 0 > ‘333 lleriana, 288.— PHYSOSIPHON Sander, 352; Gaston Bultel, 192; | lLoddigesii, 64.--RESTREPIA_ antenni glaucophyllum, so a G ffia num, | era, 32, 224; guttata, 224; Lansbergii 64; insigne, 64, 96; % Harefield Hall | 224; leopardina, 224; striata, 224.— jar. 32; 1. Sanderz, 128; x King | SaccoLasium bellinum, 192.— SATY- Edward... VIL, : 376; Lawrenceanum | 21UM aurantiacum, 320. — SOBRALIA Hyeanum, 288; xX Ledouxia, 192; | Lucasiana, 256; 256; Ruckeri, 224.— Leeanum Gravesianum, 352; montanum, | SPATHOGLOTTIS Hardingiana 256.— LN esta a pe gan DA Amesiana ; >. O45 320; spectabile, Ss. um, -288; insignis, 32; X Marguerite Maron, 32; x oe porphyreui, yee x Ville i de Pari 32; villosum, 224.— ROBIUM peileeidine, 288, o x Sybil, 160; xX Thwaitesiz, .. Veitch's: var. 160; 2905). th aaauee: — me Treacherianum, ob; Ward- num, Williamsoni, 192, 320.— "eee pictum, 160.—EPIDENDRUM elegans, 64; Stamfordianum, 224.— ARIA carnea, 352.—H4MARIA BEN Dawsoniana, 224. — LALIA_ anceps Oweniana, 32; X Helen, 32; prestans 376; p. var. with slaty blue lip, Alexandra, 224, x x etc Charlesworth’s var., 376 Wes irt var ; ci lumin 1 The Myra Charleneatehar. osali 256. MEGACLINIUM platyrhachis 128. — MILTONIA X_ Bleuana splende ns, 256; vexillaria, 128.—ODONTIODA xX _ Vuyl- pumila, 288; suavis, 32; teres, 32; tricolor, 256.—ZYGOCOLAX X_ Veitchii, 352.—ZYGOPETALUM crinitum, 376. ge pa Tentiginosa 364 ; stapelioides (x Pterumtocelapeg argentina, 136 ; Carsoni, 36; ecristata, 136; Engleriana, 136; eustachya, 136 ; ruwenzoriensis, 136 REICHENBACHIAN HERBARIUM, 78, 314. Renanthera coccinea, O47. Rohaniana, 285. soy i ba aiogaaee 338 5 leopardina Rodiriguezia venusta, 309, 312 Romance of a Buttonhole, ve Horticultaial Society, oo 50, 82, Ar » 170, 211, 242, 268, 306, 338, 3 cons. 225 ; new Exhibition Hall, ee 226, 245 ; Orchid Committee, 56, 225. 46; ampullaceum, 157 ; rbeyz, 47; gracile, 213; arrisoni- anum, 90; longicalcaratum, 244; oe 47; violaceum Harrisoni- SACCOLABIUM Bar Satyr rium’ auranti iacum, 296; sole mia 92, 296, 320, (X ca cullatum, 296; erectum, mine eum), pat pre hybrids, > Sale of ridge at Oakwood, 223 ; at Wilms- low ; Anglesea Ca stle 267 ; in 1850, 35; ‘a Mr. Bateman’s collection, 35- 384 Scuticaria Steelei, seep De : Burford, 1343 ; staging for, 134. eeds, Foy “li S, 2025 “endo ophytic hen aT < oO. Seleaipediuin x Madame Linden, 139. neh e165. ails, Sobrala ‘macranthay 346; Ruckeri, he 184; | Veitchii, 214 ; violac 292 a Sanebalitien, Hs S p ay 29 virgin alis, 292 Sobralias, 2 “athena x Atreus, 342, 3445 X Saxa, 51, 86; 66. Sophrolelia < leta Orpetiana, 22. I 365; x Do x w sake Sophronitis grandiflo pie om 259, 360. Spathoglotis urea, 3 Species, new, sea What j is a species? 227. Sphagnwn moss, piranthes x ade 127 ; neglecta, aes engi oii 67. Spore 207: Sprayer, 109. Stanhope anfra Wardii var. venusta Stanley soni on ib. Co., eg 18: Stray Not iit for Dek 228. Syr 109. acta, ah cymbiformis, 357 ; 357- TEMPLE SHOW, 16 Thrip, 77, Aes Ae dig 201. unias a Chloris, 45, 3 Trichouti railed 188 ; suavis, 34. Trichopilias, 188. a 0° oo LY INDEX. | Tropidia Eatoni, ¢5. Troubles of an Orchidist, 6. UROPEDIUM LINDENI, 35 | VANDA C(CERULE a 34, 331, jee escens, 278 ; gigantea, 176 ; Hookeriana, ig ee Kibale 260 ; .OWll, 283 Sanderiana, 122 F Sasa 319; Humblotii, 196, 264: Luje, 319; Phalzenopsis, 196, 197 ; planifotia, 264. . Variation in eedlings from the same capsule, ser Varieties, new, 227. Ventilation, 155. Vries’ ie pericinee® theory, 227. ere brea wt Bas bad ateri 147, 3 William's vehi Rect s Manual, 36, 39- orms, 107, I XYLOBIUM HYPOCRITUM, 352. PYGOCQLAX 90 VEITCHI,. 93, 343;° X V. Kromeri, 93; X Wiganianus superbus, Zygopetalum aie toe Ga a x pus 15; crinitum, 25; Gau 106 ; Gottianum, at : ed Mabe 3253 1 xillare Gautieri), 208; Mackaii (and pa aes as Wee 3 M. crinitum, é parviflorum, 326 ; M. pic 326 ; Ws max- Jorisii, 306 ; fectanthas san ceb- lingianum, 243; X Sedeni ee slicldtenie. LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS: a bas amo hrtiry 297. Odontoglossum- Angriec jaca um, 337- oradinei _ abies rispum De sn hay How na, 36% ; X Thayeriana Barri, 169 ; X Denisone Chesterton 10; 49; ia si Denisonz Golden Que Cochlioda Noetzliana, 2 japonais, — ; X mirificum, B15 ; x sedge. Cymbidium x eburneo-Lowianum, 369; X og ; Pesca 209; X venustulum, 201 ; ‘innianum, 313. 6 Net a OX Meir rinsitnisin rose- Dendrobium Brymerianum, 249; Dev Sialense e, 168. ianum, 152 Hildebrand, 1633 ‘ita meen oe 281. rme, 137. Diacrium bicornutum, 1 d um 13. Epi endru Endresii, 145; prismato- carpum, 57. sie Boothiana, oo Jongheana, 273. noorea i a, Frontispiece. ene “4 Vouk: ekez, 209. ontoglossum x x Adriane ‘eis aay too dt ger m Bogaerdeanum, 9 ; apterum var. Cane Wilson, weep 7 x | _armainvillierense ardentissimu um, 14; X bellatulu ; X concinnum Soe ; rchid importing: An exciting incident mabe icted by Eon Criikehe nk, 305. Orchids at Oakwood, 177. ioe ie apt insigne Earnesti tay 3i Lae Kimball, 25; i. Sanderz, 25; i. Sa ee nie F i. Wm. Mil i i a5 : lhe Dow, 25 ; i. Youngianum 25; X Lucie var. Smithn, 455 x — Daisy Druce, 329; xX Morganie, 41 ; en of Italy, Platyclinis glumacea var. Mantra vie 2 ice Steelei, tee MURRAY’S PATENT ORCHID ne? If you want to grow Orchids to perfection and for profit “Try a few on Stands.” Pronounced by most of the leading Orchid Growers to be perfection. MILLIONS SOLD. Patented by William Murray, late Orchid Grower to N. C. Cookson, Esq. now with i American Well Works, Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C. 145, Price List containing full information from The Wnited. Wire Works, Ltd., NEWCASTLE-ON-TYNE ORCHIDS. ORCHIDS. release aa NSPECTION of a Es ne = varied Stock of Orchids, an range of ORCHID HOUSES, is eaectialiy invited. Rare and Choice Cypripediums, Cendrobiums, &c. iality. DESCRIPTIVE CArALOGUES POST FREE. A.J. KEELING & SONS, @rcbid Growers & Fmporters, THE GRANGE NURSERIES, Wesigate Hill, Bradford, Yorks. H. A. BURBERRY'’S system of personally Giving Ad- vice and Demonstrating Methods of Orchid Cultivation insures suc- cess and satisfaction. One gentleman says: “I consider your visit has been worth £100 to me.’ All desirous of ee the boise of his long experi in matters affecting the welfare ae their Orchids should communicate with him, an he will be glad to wait on them when in the vicinity, at a very small fee. H. A. B. attends Orchid Sales, and will be pleased to receive com- missions to buy for those who cannot aggre Ethel House, King’s Heath, BIRMINGHAM, SANDER’S ORCHID GUIDE NTAINING ALL THE pEST "KNOWN SPECIES AND ARIETIES OF ORCHIDS IN CULTIVATION. ADDRESS : fl tion, temperatures, watering, potting, ventilation, &e. Concise, reliable, instructive & useful, cule with NAMES and PARENTAGES af ai the KNOWN HY ‘BRID. ORCHI Arranged in apna spade < so that all Hybrids pe sp — ach species or hybrid may be ascertaine glan 250 ¢ pages, igo ee bound, Indispensable alike we ee mateur & Expert Price 10s. 6d. e i valuable work Aad (o- be had ound in w a the Guide, or separate in Half-roan. Pric SANDER & SONS, ST. ALBANS. THE ADDENDA, —Drinsing this Can he RmCMIDsS. Those especially who contemplate forming a Collection would profit by consulting ° STANLEY SOUTHGATE, & Go: LONDON, N., whose advice and plants would be found equally good. ORCHIDS. Just received. Grand Consignment of :— Sophronitis grandiflora. Marshallianum. Zygopetalum crinitum. HOOLEY BROS., mporters and Grow BITTERNE PA RK, SOU THA MPTON. VALLS peetael'f pplied to H.M. Govt.) The ae safe infallible ‘exterminator of BEETL ANTS, COCKROACHES, SWOODLICE. “Ete, how ever numerous. og al of the Roy tember, 1993, Silver Medal of Ro Soe Be até inic Soc., L ontion, "Mt iE, 1904, Silver Medal of the Royal f 1904, BEETLECUTE is a food these ins sects on § eagerly = used for . oh nights ntirely annihilated. non PO POISONOUS 1 ie Vala a BEINGS & ANIMALS. Tin d. ona Bellows, is. Gol a ew wary without intermission they will be PROPRIE VALLS & C0., 16 Coleman Street, London, £.¢. SPHAGNUM MOSS Bag of 3 Bushels of finest fresh- gathered Sphagnum Moss for 4/6. Usual Price, 3/6 per Bushel. Also OAK LEAVES, 3/6 per Sack. E. STUDDARD, Rock Gottage, CORWEN, N. Wales. ORCHID PEAT. FINEST QUALITY IN ENGLAND. Selected Sample; Bushel Bag 10/-. PEAT DUST for Azaleas, &c., 3s. per bag. Selid Fibre; Three SAMPLE eve TESTIMONIAL ON PPLI ICATION. A. MAPLES, Ranmoor, SHEFFIELD. ORCHIDS! ORCHIDS!! JOHN COWAN & Co., Ltd., HAVE A VERY LARGE AND FINE STOCK = OF ORCHIDS all in the very finest health and condition, and they are sesioegon tly rt to their Stock such Species and Varieties as are likely TO INTEREST CONNOISSEURS. Importations are also being constantly received from various ae of the World, Special attention given to orders for Export. In spe ection Savite d. connate ena and Priced Sak aaa “og free, application to the GATEACRE NURSERIES, GATEACRE, Nr. LIVERPOOL. | Telephone—70 Gate Telegrams—*' aces. kes pn W. RICHARDSON & Co. DARLINGTON, Horticultural Orchid Houses. Builders and Stove Houses. Heating .. Conservatories. Engineers. . Greenhouses. Fruit Houses. Beautifully illustrated new Vineries. Plant Frames, etc., etc. art paper) sent free on application, INTERIOR OF SPAN-ROOFED HOUSE, SHOWING Pax ISTAN a IXDS ON ROOF, SPECI ie SUITED 9k ORCHID GROWING, ORCHID HOUSES A SPECIALITY. Menticn ORCHID REVIEW when applying. os ta Pak Head, and Orchid Grower L. JONES, for the past four yours le = ER or Orchid pric as oe ve to he fg Lovell, Esq., Oa kburst Oxted, a To ta ake penne Experienced in ee and raising: = lin old er of Royal Horti- Surrey, des re ; highly recom- mended by earorehe and previous employ: ers ; Adc ebaaa) Hoe on aC and als we q oe ge eratestoane Certificates class certificate, R H.S. Exam.; age 30; reason | ~®S?PUM, +9, Vottage Grove, Sur far Jeaving, place sold. PATENT FAST-DYED KHAKI COTTON NETTING. _-For Shading Orchid and other Greenhouses. ABSOLUTELY FAST. WELL SHRUNK. {Hue GLASS WILL NOT REQUIRE STAINING. Price Lists and Patterns Free on application to— ro ‘£. SPINNER & GCO., 2%¥irs 9, % : MANCHESTER & BOMBAY. YF Ee CONTRACTORS TO H.M. WAR OFFICE & INDIA OFFICE. RED - oe NOTICE TO: READERS OF THE ORCHID REVIEW. A Notice of the Orchid Stud-Book appeared in our issue for December, 1903. This work has been compiled, upon a uniform plan, up to the end of 1903, giving the name, parentage, raiser or exhibitor, and date of appearance, with references to descriptions and figures, and other matters, and is now in the press. It is intended to give the 1904 additions as a supplement to the work itself, and to continue all later records monthly in the Orcuip Review, as far as possible on the same system, thus giving a ready means of reference to existing hybrids, and, we hope, a means of checking the growing confusion into which the subject has fallen. The date of publication will be announced as soon as possible. CROSS’S SPECIALITIES FOR THE GARDEN. CROSS’S VAPORISER (NICOTINE FUMIGATING COMPOUND), 16s. per pint (equal to 40,000 Cubic Feet). ueti cent. on the current price. No, 1 Size—1 Pint Bottle, renal — for - — cubic feet . ae 16/- each No. 2Size—4_,, ; es ay op i Seas No. 3 Size—6oz. i bg . rr ord ke ra we er i Of 5 oud No. 4 Size—4 ,, ‘4 e \ $096 : : Ss i 3/6, No. 5 Size—2 ,, 4,000 “i a, V sporting Fumigs ator, Small s e, for 2, 000 cubic feet 1/9 each. ' Large re for 5,000 2/6 CROSS'S GARDEN FERTILIZ ZER LUBICIDE. iewt., — ; oe 8/- a. 5/- 5 "ia 3/- ; ib., 2/- ; Slb., 1/3. | Anew Insecticide and Soil Purifier. Destroys all ground In Can s, 6d., 1/- and 2/6eac | vermin. choses onganrc ope 4} - sn! cwt. | 5/6 per t gallon, cariaie paid. One gallon will make 2,000 LUNTS CHRYSANTHEMUM MANURE. | _ killimsof soluti FOR POTTING SOIL. BALLIKIN 7). ANT DESTROYER, 2/6 and 2/6 per bottle, ROSS'S MILDEW & I Sees oad DESERT EH 10/6 per gallon, 2/6 per pint, carriage NECROS VAPORISING owe ERS. Ss (Generates Snipes ese nt acid Gas.) ’ No. 4 = equal to 15,600 cubic - 3/-. t, equal tc No. » 7,500 cu bic fea 2]-. hee, pe aratus, 2/6 é€ \ TO BE HAD OF ALL NURSERYMEN AND SEEDSMEN, OR FROM ALEXANDER CROSS & SONS, Ltd., 19 HOPE STREET, GLASGOW, & 79 MARK LANE. LONDON. 20/- asd iar sha per half cwt., 6/- per quarter cwt. (carriage id). mall Bags, 14Ib., 3/6; 7ib., 2/-. In Tins, 6d., Ve and 2, he cack Quantities of 1 cwt. and over carriage paid. LUNTS CHEMICAL MIXTURE. For developing Chry santhemum and other flowers. T hie is pu Of a very valuable = ature and hould b ied in water as directed Full instructions given with st package. In Tins at i. 2/6 sad 5/6 each. ORCHIDS A SPECIALITY. Messrs. Charlesworth & Co. Heaton, BRADFORD, Have a large and fine stock of established and imported OrcHIDs. INSPECTION INVITED. By Special Appointment to His snasanty.' the mae ORCHIDS ! ORCHIDS QUANTITY IMMENSE. Inspection of our New Range of Houses 1S CORDIALLY INVITED BY HUGH LOW & C0., BUSH HILL PARK, M1DD iL hes A. ORCHIDS. Clean, healthy, well-grown plants at reasonable rices ; many large specimens and rare varieties. CHOICE DENDROBES A SPECIALITY. Please write for List. JAMES CYPHER, EXOTIC NURSERIES, CHELTENHAM. EAST INDIAN ORGHIDS. ro ANY ADDRESS. DELIVERED WHOLESALE OR RETAIL. Price List on application to _§$. P. CHATTERJEE, Victoria Nursery, CALCUTTA. na WEEKS & GCo., Lia. Horticultural Builders To His Majesty, H.R.H. the Prince of Wales, H.M. Government, Admiralty Dept., War Dept., Royal Hort. Soc., Royal Botanic Soc. rks and Public Buildings. TELEGRAPH, Scat amateneeaes LONDON, Patentees of tena Upright Tubular Boi'ers, KING’S ROAD, CHELSEA, S.W. MANCHESTER & NORTH OF ENGLAND Orchid Society. Reapguarters: THE COAL EXCHANGE, MARKET PLACE, MANCHESTER. The a. MEETINGS of the COMMITTEE e of adjudicating upon the Orchids pee oie vill ‘be held on December 8th and a 1904, at 12 o’clock prompt. Open to Member from I 74 Ueloc ck p.m P, WEATHERS, Hon, Botanical puns Manchester ORCHID HOUSES A SPECIAL. FOR Conservatories Orehid Houses, Ferneries, Cucumber and Melton Houses, Vineries, ete. RISPIN’S, BRISTOL. FOR All Classes of Hot Water Boilers and Heating Apparatus. B Richmond Pr2ss, Sheen Road, Richmond, Surrey Printed by R. W. Stupson & Co., Ltd.